id stringlengths 24 24 | type stringclasses 4
values | body stringlengths 13 215 | ideal_answer listlengths 1 12 | exact_answer listlengths 0 44 | snippets listlengths 0 121 | documents listlengths 1 157 | triples listlengths 0 537 | concepts listlengths 0 99 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5545186cbf90a13052000002 | factoid | Which gene strand is targeted by transcription-coupled repair (TCR)? | [
"Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) removes a variety of helix-distorting lesions from DNA. It has two sub-pathways, the global genome (gg) NER and the transcription-coupled repair (TCR). TCR is triggered when a RNA polymerase, translocating along the transcribed strand, is arrested at a lesion or unusual structure i... | [
"the transcribed strand"
] | [
"Transcription-coupled repair (TCR) is the major pathway involved in the removal of UV-induced photolesions from the transcribed strand of active genes.",
"transcription-coupled repair (TCR) provides faster repair of the transcribed strand of active genes.",
"there are two sub-pathways of nucleotide excision re... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18817898",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8807287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12142466",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10637337",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9637246",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11821423",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0090262",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D052416",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MFD_STAAM",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006283"
] |
5312280ce3eabad02100000a | list | Abnormalities in which chromosomes were linked to the Moyamoya disease? | [
"chromosomes 3, 6, 8, 12, 15, 17, 21, X and Y were implicated in the Moyamoya disease."
] | [
"3",
"6",
"8",
"12",
"15",
"17",
"21",
"X",
"Y"
] | [
"Complex chromosome rearrangement of 6p25.3->p23 and 12q24.32->qter in a child with moyamoya.",
"Routine karyotype demonstrated extra chromosomal material on 6p. Single nucleotide polymorphism microarray revealed a previously unreported complex de novo genetic rearrangement involving subtelomeric segments on chro... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10754001",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23713105",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22426657",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15340753",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16164190",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23966756",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009072",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002875",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005694",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID... |
5357a6d0f1005d6b58000004 | factoid | Which is the branch site consensus sequence in U12-dependent introns? | [
"The branch site consensus sequence in U12-dependent introns is UUCCUUAAC."
] | [
"UUCCUUAAC"
] | [
"Highly conserved sequences at the 5' splice site and branch site of U12-dependent introns are important determinants for splicing by U12-dependent spliceosomes. This study investigates the in vivo splicing phenotypes of mutations in the branch site consensus sequence of the U12-dependent intron F from a human NOL1... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18824513"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016384",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0005689",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0000348",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
5523dc8c7b523f2123000002 | summary | For what is Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus used in biochemistry? | [
"Protein A from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) is used as an affinity ligand for purification of immunoglobulin G (IgG)."
] | [] | [
"Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) binds Fcγ and VH3 clan Fab domains of human and animal immunoglobulin (Ig) with each of its five Ig binding domains (IgBDs),",
"Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus plays one key role as an immobilized affinity ligand for the purification of antibodies. ",
"The recombinant SpA is... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22136061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24184233",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22621885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24033345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12472184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23776704",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SRAP_STAAU",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013211",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SRAP_STAAW"
] |
5710ade4cf1c32585100002c | summary | What is the suggested therapy for Mycobacterium avium infection? | [
"The activity of TLC G-65 (a liposomal gentamicin preparation), alone and in combination with rifapentine, clarithromycin, clofazimine and ethambutol, was evaluated in the beige mouse (C57BL/6J--bgj/bgj) model of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection. TLC G-65 in combination with rifapentine appears to be an a... | [] | [
"The activity of TLC G-65 (a liposomal gentamicin preparation), alone and in combination with rifapentine, clarithromycin, clofazimine and ethambutol, was evaluated in the beige mouse (C57BL/6J--bgj/bgj) model of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection",
"TLC G-65 in combination with rifapentine appears to be ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19929882",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1832527",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9875582",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11073759",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1387133",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10714126",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [] |
517a8ce98ed59a060a000045 | summary | What is the treatment of acute pericarditis? | [
"A multidisciplinary approach is frequently necessary to treat acute pericarditis; the most frequent treatments are: antiinflammatory steroid and non-steroid drugs, antibiotic therapy, pericardial drainage and, less frequently ,intrapericardial irrigation of fibrinolytics; antituberculous chemotherapy in presence ... | [] | [
"Recurrences develop in up to 20-50% of patients with acute pericarditis. Although different causes of recurrent pericarditis have been identified, the etiology remains obscure in most cases which are therefore labelled as idiopathic.",
"A poor response to colchicine treatment and/or a steroid-dependence may be t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18924029",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10560235",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12405580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17415329",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12379412",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6966005",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
56ed14d92ac5ed145900000a | factoid | What is the genetic basis of tuberous sclerosis? | [
"The genetic basis of tuberous sclerosis has been attributed to mutations in one of two unlinked genes, TSC1 and TSC2. The functions of the TSC1 and TSC2 gene products, hamartin and tuberin, respectively, have remained ill defined until recently. Genetic, biochemical, and biologic analyses have highlighted their ro... | [
"TSC1 and TSC2 genes"
] | [
"The genetic basis of this disease has been attributed to mutations in one of two unlinked genes, TSC1 and TSC2.",
"The functions of the TSC1 and TSC2 gene products, hamartin and tuberin, respectively, have remained ill defined until recently",
"Genetic, biochemical, and biologic analyses have highlighted their... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7546221",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15579029",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10823953",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20073603",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15565817",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11520734",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13515",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014402"
] |
57092332cf1c325851000018 | factoid | What is the molecular function of the Chd1 protein? | [
"The ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling enzyme Chd1 is a 168-kDa protein consisting of a double chromodomain, Snf2-related ATPase domain, and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain. One of the two chromodomains of Chd1 specifically interacts with the methylated lysine 4 mark on histone H3 that is associated with transcri... | [
"Chd1 is an ATP-dependent DNA helicase"
] | [
"The DNA-binding domain of the Chd1 chromatin-remodelling enzyme contains SANT and SLIDE domains",
"The ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling enzyme Chd1 is a 168-kDa protein consisting of a double chromodomain, Snf2-related ATPase domain, and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain.",
"The presence of these domains in I... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16263726",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16468993",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17098252",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21177652",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23533627",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21623345",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHD1_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CHD1_DROME"
] |
54df69af1388e8454a000005 | list | Which drugs are included in the FEC-75 regimen? | [
"Fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide are included in the FEC-75 regimen. This chemotherapy regiment is used for breast cancer treatment."
] | [
"fluorouracil",
"epirubicin",
"cyclophosphamide"
] | [
"Fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC-75) followed by paclitaxel plus trastuzumab versus paclitaxel plus trastuzumab followed by FEC-75 plus trastuzumab as neoadjuvant treatment for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (Z1041): a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial.",
"Patients randomly assi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12525522",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16315865",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16282727",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18344024",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1988577",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10885599",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
5536554abc4f83e828000008 | list | Between which probes does the recurrent translocation breakpoint on chromosome 22 of neuroepithelioma lie? | [
"The recurrent translocation breakpoint on chromosome 22 of neuroepithelioma has been localized between two probes, D22S1 and D22S15, by both in situ hybridization and somatic cell hybrids",
"The recurrent translocation breakpoint on chromosome 22 of neuroepithelioma has been localized between two probes, D22S1 a... | [
"D22S1",
"D22S15"
] | [
"The recurrent translocation breakpoint on chromosome 22 of neuroepithelioma has been localized between two probes, D22S1 and D22S15, by both in situ hybridization and somatic cell hybrids",
"The recurrent translocation breakpoint on chromosome 22 of neuroepithelioma has been localized between two probes, D22S1 a... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2303258"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4389",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014178",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015342",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4388",
"http://... |
532673c4d6d3ac6a34000009 | yesno | Does administration of triiodothyronine improve outcome following coronary artery bypass grafting? | [
"Perioperative administration of synthetic thyroid hormone therapy have positive hemodynamic effects (consisting of increases cardiac output, lowered systemic vascular resistance) determining improved postoperative ventricular function, reduced the need for treatment with inotropic agents and mechanical devices, in... | [
"no"
] | [
"Serum T3 concentrations were significantly higher with fewer patients having T3 concentrations below the normal range in the T3 group than the placebo group throughout the postoperative period. Hemodynamic variables, postoperative inotrope requirement, and outcome variables showed no differences between the groups... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18290900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16820580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19303793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8633935",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19609889",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7995828",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D047549",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013963",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020249",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56f3f0f02ac5ed1459000017 | list | Which are the most widely used computational methods for the identification of CRMs (cis-regulatory modules)? | [
"Computational methods attempting to identify instances of cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) in the genome face a challenging problem of searching for potentially interacting transcription factor binding sites while knowledge of the specific interactions involved remains limited. When discriminating CRMs from non-codin... | [
"motif conservation",
"fuzzy itemset mining",
"combinatorial methods"
] | [
"Several tools allow to detect significant co-occurrences of closely located binding sites (cis-regulatory modules, CRMs). However, these tools present at least one of the following limitations: 1) scope limited to promoter or conserved regions of the genome; 2) do not allow to identify combinations involving more ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22422841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25268582",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15883375",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18606616",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20671200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19478006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008722",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019295"
] |
56ed03862ac5ed1459000004 | factoid | Which enzyme does MLN4924 inhibit? | [
"MLN4924 is an investigational small molecule inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE)."
] | [
"NEDD8-activating enzyme"
] | [
"Finally, MLN4924, an investigational small molecule inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE) that inhibits CRL, suppresses in vitro migration, proliferation and tube formation, as well as in vivo angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. ",
"MLN4924, a small molecule inhibitor of NEDD8 activating enzyme (NAE), has been ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22874562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19360080",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24672057",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20142034",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21873567",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21969368",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004791"
] |
54f9cb34dd3fc62544000002 | factoid | Which protein has been found to interact with phospholamban (PLN) and is also an anti-apoptotic protein? | [
"Phospholamban interacts with HAX-1, a mitochondrial protein with anti-apoptotic function.The discovery of the PLN/HAX-1 interaction therefore unveils an important new link between Ca(2+) homeostasis and cell survival, with significant therapeutic potential.",
"The HS-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) is a mitocho... | [
"The HS-1 associated protein X-1",
"(HAX-1)"
] | [
"To identify additional proteins that may interact with PLN, we used the yeast-two-hybrid system to screen an adult human cardiac cDNA library. HS-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) was identified as a PLN-binding partner.",
"Analysis of the anti-apoptotic function of HAX-1 revealed that the presence of PLN enhance... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19920172",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18971376",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18415121",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17241641",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24550830"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051017",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPLA_RABIT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPLA_RAT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPLA_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPLA_MOUSE",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PPLA... |
53009f6d2059c6d71c00007e | yesno | Is long QT syndrome a cause for sudden cardiac death in athletes? | [
"One of several causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes is long QT syndrome"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"A diversity of cardiovascular disorders including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, congenital coronary anomalies, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, dilated cardiomyopathy, aortic rupture due to Marfan syndrome, myocarditis, valvular disease and electrical disorders (Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, long QT sy... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17853713",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22362900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20675977",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22375212",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20089483",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17726868",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016757",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008133",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D056352"
] |
51485b9ad24251bc0500002b | summary | What is the clinical value of MammaPrint? | [
"MammaPrint has a prognostic value for distant metastasis and death, as well as predictive value for response to adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. However, the EGAPP Working Group found no evidence regarding the clinical utility of the MammaPrint."
] | [] | [
"In the intermediate-risk subgroup, the 70-gene signature could be useful to decide in elderly patients whether they may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy or not.",
"Adjuvant assessment tools for prognosis and prediction of treatment benefit, including Adjuvant! Online, the St Gallen Consensus, Oncotype DX(®) an... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22553468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20110242",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20975745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19125125",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21847392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18159035",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A7746488",
"o": "Clinic"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A8316941",
"o": "Clinical"
}
] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013677",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003695",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008495",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5512cce26a8cde6b7200000c | yesno | Is protein M3/6 a dual specificity phosphatase? | [
"M3/6 (DUSP8) is a dual-specificity phosphatase implicated in the dephosphorylation and inactivation of JNK and, to a lesser extent, p38 MAPKs.",
"Yes. Phosphatases play a particularly important role in this respect, by tightly controlling MAPK phosphorylation and activation. M3/6 (DUSP8) is a dual-specificity ph... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Involvement of the dual-specificity phosphatase M3/6 in c-Jun N-terminal kinase inactivation following cerebral ischemia in the rat hippocampus.",
"The results revealed upregulation of dual-specificity phosphatase M3/6 (DUSP8) activity at 4 h of reperfusion in rat hippocampi. ",
"This study examines the molecu... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15888437",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11566103",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23679081",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22100391",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8910287",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11948422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016791",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054638",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054637",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DUS1_RAT",
"http... |
532c0946d6d3ac6a34000019 | yesno | Are there focused databases from which you can retrieve gene expression data on renal disease? | [
"Biological databases are used to store and edit large amount of data, created from genomics data. In the most of the cases the data are stored according to their type but there are cases of focused databases that store database on a specific disease. In the case of renal disease there are plenty of databases, for ... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Proteomics database in chronic kidney disease",
"Naturally occurring human urinary peptides for use in diagnosis of chronic kidney disease"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20616184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23593176",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19604367",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19703314",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21044771",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21930502",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020869",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059467",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051436",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
532ad23ad6d3ac6a34000011 | summary | What systems have been developed for the numbering of antibody residues? | [
"The most prevalent antibody numbering systems are the Kabat system, the Chothia system as well as the IMGT numbering system."
] | [] | [
"IMGT is a high quality integrated knowledge resource specialized in immunoglobulins (IG), T cell receptors (TR), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of human and other vertebrates, and related proteins of the immune system (RPI) of any species which belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) and to the MHC... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23157214",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22907343",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8227075",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22665257",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2687698",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12182069",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4000002",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007158",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000906",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
511a16f9df1ebcce7d000005 | yesno | Are there any DNMT3 proteins present in plants? | [
"Yes. The plant DOMAINS REARRANGED METHYLTRANSFERASE2 (DRM2) is a homolog of the mammalian de novo methyltransferase DNMT3. DRM2 contains a novel arrangement of the motifs required for DNA methyltransferase catalytic activity."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"De novo DNA methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana is catalyzed by the methyltransferase DRM2, a homolog of the mammalian de novo methyltransferase DNMT3.",
"Here we describe DNA methyltransferase genes from both Arabidopsis and maize that show a high level of sequence similarity to Dnmt3, suggesting that they enco... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22058406",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11487702",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20505370",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15946751",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17660570",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11459824",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CMT3_ARATH",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CMT2_ARATH",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CMT1_ARATH"
] |
535d3c069a4572de6f000006 | factoid | What is the number of protein coding genes in the human genome? | [
"The number of protein coding genes in the human genome is currently estimated between 20,000 and 25,000"
] | [
"Between 20,000 and 25,000"
] | [
"Here, seven membrane protein topology prediction methods based on different underlying algorithms, such as hidden Markov models, neural networks and support vector machines, have been used for analysis of the protein sequences from the 21,416 annotated genes in the human genome.",
"he GENCODE 7 release contains ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18040051",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15034132",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20175080",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22955987"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016366",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011506",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796"
] |
530cf57efe2466f70c000006 | yesno | Has vitamin D has been shown to reduce incidence of falls in older people in clinical trials? | [
"The rate of falls and the number of fallers was significantly reduced in two studies evaluating the effect of medication on preventing falls; one study (85 participants) compared vitamin D versus placebo in institutionalised women after stroke with low vitamin D levels, and the other study (79 participants) evalua... | [
"yes"
] | [
"However, apart from the beneficial effects of 800 IU/d of vitamin D3 for reduction of falls in the elderly, causality remains yet unproven in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). ",
"The rate of falls and the number of fallers was significantly reduced in two studies evaluating the effect of medication on preven... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20796001",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21795448",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20136906",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22972103",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23922354",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18979152",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D014807",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004872",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002762",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
515df063298dcd4e51000029 | factoid | What is the indication for prophylactic use of antibiotics in COPD? | [
"In a subset of patients with severe disease and prone to developing infections prophylactic use of antibiotics may reduce number of exacerbations and improve social and health care costs."
] | [
"Reduction of number of exacerbations"
] | [
"Yet recent well-designed studies have demonstrated that prophylactic antibiotic use is of significant benefit to patients prone to developing infections. Study patients suffered from recurrent urinary tract infections, COPD or were mechanically ventilated in intensive care units. In the first 2 populations, use of... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20477251",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22108462",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11498704"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D029424",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000900",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3083",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Ex... |
530cf57efe2466f70c000001 | yesno | Has depression been shown to be a predictor of frailty? | [
"Yes"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"significant role of frailty as a predictor of depression in a relatively younger old Chinese population",
"significant relationships between frailty and depressive symptoms and mortality at 1 year",
"These findings suggest that malnutrition is a major predictor of frailty or the \"failure to thrive\" syndrome ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9520923",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24314697",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18684366",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10855595",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11490597"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A15575023",
"o": "797"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/altMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0424594",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/re... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003866",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003863"
] |
54d73e223706e89528000010 | factoid | What is the generic name of Gliolan? | [
"5-aminolevulinic acid (or 5-ALA) is the generic name of Gliolan. It is approved for fluorescence-guided resections of adult malignant gliomas."
] | [
"5-aminolevulinic acid"
] | [
"BACKGROUND: Five-aminolevulinic acid (Gliolan, medac, Wedel, Germany, 5-ALA) is approved for fluorescence-guided resections of adult malignant gliomas. ",
"OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA, Gliolan®) in patients undergoing surgery for malignant glioma, in sta... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24468659",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22849976",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18389144",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25248327",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23870657"
] | [] | [] |
56b8f28a156496395c000006 | yesno | Is there any association between Jarid2 and miR-155 in Th17 cells? | [
"Yes. Activation-induced miR-155 targets the chromatin protein Jarid2 to regulate proinflammatory cytokine production in T helper 17 cells."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Jarid2 links MicroRNA and chromatin in Th17 cells.",
"In this issue of Immunity, Escobar et al. (2014) bring microRNAs and chromatin together by showing how activation-induced miR-155 targets the chromatin protein Jarid2 to regulate proinflammatory cytokine production in T helper 17 cells.",
"miR-155 activates... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24856900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24950205"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JARD2_CHICK",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JARD2_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000317",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/JARD2_MOUSE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0072538",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:2000318",
"... |
56b2863945561f0573000001 | summary | What is enCHIP? | [
"Engineered DNA-binding molecule-mediated chromatin immunoprecipitation (enChIP) is a novel method for purification of specific genomic regions retaining molecular interactions. EnChIP using the CRISPR system efficiently isolates specific genomic regions. In this form of enChIP, specific genomic regions are immunop... | [] | [
"Identification of telomere-associated molecules by engineered DNA-binding molecule-mediated chromatin immunoprecipitation (enChIP).",
"Here, we report isolation of telomeres by engineered DNA-binding molecule-mediated chromatin immunoprecipitation (enChIP) using a transcription activator-like (TAL) protein recog... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23942116",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25051498",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24201379"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D047369"
] |
515db083298dcd4e51000012 | factoid | How many genes does the human hoxD cluster contain? | [
"The human HOXD complex contains nine genes: HOXD1, HOXD3, HOXD4, HOXD8, HOXD9, HOXD10, HOXD11, HOXD12 and HOXD13, which are clustered from 3′ to 5′ in an approximately 100-kb stretch on chromosome 2q31.1 with HOXD1 at the 3' end and HOXD13 the 5′ end."
] | [
"9"
] | [
"Both children are heterozygous for a deletion that eliminates at least eight (HOXD3-HOXD13) of the nine genes in the HOXD cluster"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10364522",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22879880"
] | [] | [] |
51640b4a298dcd4e51000050 | yesno | Is it safe to take isotretinoin during pregnancy? | [
"No. The isotretinoin has severe teratogenic effects and it is not safe to use during pregnancy."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Isotretinoin is a remarkably effective drug for severe, recalcitrant acne vulgaris.",
"a number of important adverse effects were reported",
"even the most recent pregnancy prevention program (iPledge) is no more successful than prior programs; there will likely always be a small number of female patients beco... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3209676",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18937624",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3459732",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23559397",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2923442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17214828",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/drugbank/resource/drugbank/description",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/drugbank/resource/drugs/DB00982",
"o": "Isotretinoin is a medication used for the treatment of severe acne. It is sometimes used in prevention of certain skin cancers. It is a retinoid,... | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0007565",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4165261",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011247",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015474",
"http... |
55058af6f73303d458000004 | factoid | Which protein is the E3-ubiquitin ligase that targets the tumor suppressor p53 for proteasomal degradation? | [
"The p53 tumour suppressor protein is tightly controlled by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, mouse double minute 2 (MDM2). The RING domain E3 ubiquitin ligase Mdm2 is the master regulator of the tumor suppressor p53. It targets p53 for proteasomal degradation, restraining the potent activity of p53 and enabling cell surviv... | [
"The mouse double minute 2 (mdm2)",
"The human homologue of Mdm2 (Hdm2)"
] | [
"p53 levels and activity are controlled in large part through regulated ubiquitination and subsequent destruction by the 26S proteasome. Monoubiquitination of p53 is mediated primarily by the RING-finger E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2 and impacts p53 activity through modulation of p53 localization and transcription activ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18235222",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16082221",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22819825",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23150437",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11948425",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12832479",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c71cb65795f9a73e00000b | yesno | Can DNA intercalators function as topoisomerase inhibitors? | [
"The DNA unwinding suggests DNA intercalation, which could explain the inhibition of topoisomerase II. Among its many properties, amiloride is a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase II inhibitor. Amsacrine, a DNA intercalator and topoisomerase II inhibitor, is efficacious as an antileukemogenic agent. AQ4N (1,4-bis[[... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The aporphine alkaloids (+)-dicentrine and (+)-bulbocapnine are non-planar molecules lacking features normally associated with DNA binding by intercalation or minor groove binding. Surprisingly, dicentrine showed significant activity as a topoisomerase II (EC 5.99.1.3) inhibitor and also was active in a DNA unwind... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23495154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16798938",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3002440",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8242865",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2168281",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10691026",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D026942",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059004",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059005",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5156be75d24251bc05000088 | list | Which diseases is microRNA 132 (miR-132) implicated in? | [
"Several targets for for miR-132 have been described and it is implicated in many diseases such as:\nneurodegenerative disease, \nepilepsy,\nschizophrenia,\nHuntington's disease (HD),\nAlzheimer's disease (AD),\nneuroinflammation,\nosteosarcoma,\nchronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL),\nangiogenesis,\neye disease,\nalc... | [
"neurodegenerative disease",
"epilepsy",
"schizophrenia",
"Huntington's disease (HD)",
"Alzheimer's disease (AD)",
"neuroinflammation",
"osteosarcoma",
"chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)",
"angiogenesis",
"eye disease",
"alcoholic liver disease",
"progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP taupathy)... | [
"Levels of six candidate miRNAs (miR-21, miR-199a-3p, miR-143, miR-34, miR-140, and miR-132) that were previously demonstrated to be regulated in osteosarcoma were examined in plasma of 40 osteosarcoma patients and 40 matched healthy controls by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays.",... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22659469",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23560086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22315408",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22518321",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23001356",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21807765",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A18453276",
"o": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#Label"
},
{
"p": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/altMetaMap",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/id/C0012634",... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010300",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007905",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004194",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
57169b63cb4ef8864c00000b | list | Which are the human glutamate transporters? | [
"Glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) and glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) are the most abundant subtypes and are essential for the functioning of the mammalian CNS, but the contribution of the EAAC1 subtype in the clearance of synaptic glutamate has remained controversial, because the density of this transporter... | [
"EAAC1",
"EAAT3",
"GLT-1",
"glutamate transporter-1",
"excitatory amino acid transporter 1",
"GLAST",
"Glutamate/aspartate transporter",
"GluR4",
"AMPA receptor glutamate receptor 4",
"VGLUT1",
"vesicular glutamate transporter"
] | [
"The density of EAAC1 (EAAT3) glutamate transporters expressed by neurons in the mammalian CNS.",
"Glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) and glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) are the most abundant subtypes and are essential for the functioning of the mammalian CNS, but the contribution of the EAAC1 subtype in the... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23313319",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25196144",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14730707",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23943043",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9011758",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23393130",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
5162da97298dcd4e51000048 | summary | What are the functions of sorting nexin 27? | [
"Sorting nexin 27 (SNX27) regulates endocytic sorting/recycling and intracellular trafficking of ion channels and receptors."
] | [] | [
"Knockdown of SNX27 by siRNA in HEK293 cells raised MRP4 expression on the plasma membrane, increased the extrusion of 6-[(14)C]mercaptopurine, an MRP4 substrate, and conferred resistance against 6-[(14)C]mercaptopurine.",
"Sorting nexin 27 (SNX27) is a 62-kDa protein localized to early endosomes and known to reg... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18690037",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22411990",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23536889",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21303929",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17577583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15466885",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058305",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SNX27_HUMAN"
] |
56bb154aac7ad10019000003 | yesno | Do orphan and gene related CpG islands follow power-law-like distributions? | [
"Yes. Orphan and gene related CpG Islands follow power-law-like distributions in several genomes. The observed distributional pattern is independent of the analogous pattern that protein coding segments were reported to follow."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Orphan and gene related CpG Islands follow power-law-like distributions in several genomes: evidence of function-related and taxonomy-related modes of distribution.",
"Here, an investigation of their distributional characteristics in a variety of genomes is undertaken for both whole CGI populations as well as fo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25242375"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018899"
] |
535d35779a4572de6f000005 | factoid | What is the proportion of non canonical splice sites in the human genome? | [
"Between 1% and 2% of human splice sites do not contain the canonical GT-AG dinucleotides"
] | [
"Between 1% and 2% "
] | [
"Of these, 98.71% contain canonical GT-AG junctions (22 199 entries) and 0.56% have non-canonical GC-AG splice site pairs. The remainder (0.73%) occurs in a lot of small groups (with a maximum size of 0.05%).",
"Of these, 98.71% contain canonical dinucleotides GT and AG for donor and acceptor sites, respectively;... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11125105",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11058137"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012326",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015894",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004274",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
55184d46622b194345000001 | list | List protein gel staining methods visualizing the entire protein set. | [
"Several staining protocols for the visualization of proteins separated by SDS-PAGE have been described in literature: \nfluorescence\nSypro Ruby\nColloidal Coomassie Blue\nCoomassie Blue\nSilver staining\nCoomassie Brilliant Blue"
] | [
"fluorochromes",
"fluorescence",
"Sypro Ruby",
"Colloidal Coomassie Blue",
"Coomassie Blue",
"Silver staining",
"Coomassie Brilliant Blue"
] | [
"DIGE requires the labelling of proteins by fluorochromes prior to their separation on 2DE gels. ",
"Stains-All (ISA) staining method for phosphoproteins in SDS-PAGE was described.",
" Pro-Q Diamond stain",
"Quantitative proteome analyses suggest that the well-established stain colloidal Coomassie Blue, when ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24043422",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23977684",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24114871",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22665294",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22821490",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23681577",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013194",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016622",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004396",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
5318a6b2b166e2b80600001f | summary | What clinical use aptamers may have? | [
"In the clinic, aptamers may be used to enhance the antigenicity of disseminated tumors, leading to their immune recognition and rejection; to target HPV16 E7 oncoprotein, inhibiting cell proliferation and activating apoptosis of infected cells; to act as inhibitors for targets such as VEGF, in age-related macular ... | [] | [
"In murine tumor models, the aptamer-targeted siRNA-mediated NMD inhibition in tumor cells led to significant inhibition of tumor growth, which was superior to best-in-class \"conventional\" cancer vaccination protocols. Tumor-targeted NMD inhibition forms the basis of a simple, broadly useful, and clinically feasi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18708826",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18025536",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23738000",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15968382",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16631118",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9704089",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D045506",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D052157",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4265428",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&ter... |
56b7083376d8bf8d13000001 | factoid | What is the causative agent of the "Panama disease" affecting bananas? | [
"Panama disease of banana is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense."
] | [
"Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense"
] | [
"Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the causal agent of Fusarium wilt (Panama disease), is one of the most devastating diseases of banana (Musa spp.)",
"avendish, the most widely grown banana cultivar, is relatively resistant to Race 1 of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc1) which caused widespread Pana... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24304681",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18943184",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12926878",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25969777",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9482835",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24376590",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/reviewed",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/taxonomy/5507",
"o": "true"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/otherName",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/taxonomy/5507",
"o": "fungal sp. ZZF51"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/commonName",... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=diseases_category",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010176",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010935"
] |
52bf1df903868f1b06000013 | summary | What is the mechanism of action of Nalmefene? | [
"Nalmefene shows opioid receptor antagonism, binds the μ-opioid receptor (MOR1) and modulates opioidergic transmission in the CNS."
] | [] | [
"Opioids that stimulate the μ-opioid receptor (MOR1) are the most frequently prescribed and effective analgesics. Here we present a structural model of MOR1. Molecular dynamics simulations show a ligand-dependent increase in the conformational flexibility of the third intracellular loop that couples with the G prot... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22078567",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21651459",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21291870"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D045504",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4258016",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040542"
] |
54cf43abf693c3b16b000008 | list | Synostosis of which cranial structures are characteristic to the Mercedes Benz syndrome? | [
"Synostosis of sagittal and lambdoid structures are characteristic to the Mercedes Benz syndrome."
] | [
"sagittal",
"lambdoid"
] | [
"Among these are a trisutural fusion, dubbed the \"Mercedes Benz pattern,\" involving the sagittal and both lambdoid sutures. ",
"CONCLUSIONS: Despite fusion of the sagittal suture, the surgical treatment for Mercedes Benz pattern craniosynostosis should include skull lengthening, not reduction.",
"Multisutural... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20048621",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19396832",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9780908"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:11971",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:2340",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:225"
] |
52f89ee42059c6d71c00004d | yesno | Can valproic acid act as an activator of AMPK? | [
"Yes, valproic acid canact as an activator of AMPK.",
"VPA is a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)"
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Here we demonstrate that VPA is a novel activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a key regulator of cellular metabolism, using primary mouse and human hepatocytes.",
"These studies are the first to establish VPA and its metabolites as in vitro activators of AMPK."
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24105977",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23889921"
] | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031588",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D055372",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0004679",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/AAKB1_HUMAN",
"http://amigo.gene... |
55391ce8bc4f83e828000018 | list | Which signaling pathways have been associated with medulloblastoma formation and growth? | [
"Medulloblastoma comprises approximately 20% of all primary pediatric brain tumors. Multiple signaling pathways have been associated with disease formation and growth. These include the developmental pathways Hedgehog, Notch, and Wnt, as well as pathways in which the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) c-Met, erbB2, IG... | [
"Hedgehog",
"Notch",
"Wnt",
"c-Met",
"erbB2",
"IGF-R",
"TrkC",
"Myc"
] | [
"Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is an important factor in growth and patterning during embryonic development. A mutation in Patched, Smoothened or Gli1, which regulate the Hh signaling pathway, might lead to the onset of glioblastoma, basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma",
"These data indicate that... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21679342",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20232424",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510586",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24982684",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18651559",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9973222",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015398",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3858",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0009966"
] |
5319ac7fb166e2b806000033 | summary | What is the role of invadopodia in EMT? | [
"In a process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), besides changing their adhesive repertoire, cancer cells employ developmental processes to gain migratory and invasive properties that involve a dramatic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and the concomitant formation of membrane protrusions required ... | [] | [
"FHOD1, a poorly studied formin, appeared to be markedly upregulated upon EMT.",
"Furthermore, functional assays demonstrated that FHOD1 contributes to cell migration and invasion. Finally, FHOD1 depletion reduced the ability of EMT cancer cells to form invadopodia and to degrade extracellular matrix. Our results... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23873099",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24086398",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21725138",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19169796",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21397860",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22529104",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058750",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0001837"
] |
534428feaeec6fbd0700000a | summary | What are cancer driver genes? | [
"Recent sequencing and resequencing (i.e., polymorphism identification) efforts have catalyzed the quest for 'driver' mutations (i.e., those genetic alterations which contribute to the transformation of a normal cell to a proliferating cancerous cell) in distinction to 'passenger' mutations which reflect mutations ... | [] | [
"We constructed DriverDB (http://ngs.ym.edu.tw/driverdb/), a database which incorporates 6079 cases of exome-seq data, annotation databases (such as dbSNP, 1000 Genome and Cosmic) and published bioinformatics algorithms dedicated to driver gene/mutation identification.",
"DriverDB: an exome sequencing database fo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23416983",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24009526",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24233780",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20707908",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851646",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21169372",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:162",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009369",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D052138"
] |
552016a36b348bb82c000018 | summary | What is a mitochondrial nucleoid? | [
"A naked mtDNA molecule is longer than a typical mitochondrion and is therefore compacted in vivo to form a nucleoprotein complex, denoted the mitochondrial nucleoid."
] | [] | [
"A naked mtDNA molecule is longer than a typical mitochondrion and is therefore compacted in vivo to form a nucleoprotein complex, denoted the mitochondrial nucleoid.",
"The packaging of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into DNA-protein assemblies called nucleoids provides an efficient segregating unit of mtDNA,",
"Mi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23637282",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19703654",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23721879",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23220174",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19704786",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20577028",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0042645",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0090144",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0009295",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=... |
518cb513310faafe08000007 | summary | What is the treatment of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis? | [
"Treatment of amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis is complex and may include drugs such as antithyroid drugs, beta-blockers, corticosteroids lithium as well as iopanoic acid in preparation of thyroidectomy. Total thyroidectomy and radioiodine represent alternative treatment options"
] | [] | [
"Prednisone remains the preferred treatment modality of AIT type 2, because perchlorate given alone or in combination with prednisone had no better outcomes.",
"Total thyroidectomy, by rapidly restoring euthyroidism, may improve cardiac function and reduce the risk of mortality in AIT patients with severe LV dysf... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22130792",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19109209",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20583541",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19105148",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22386340",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19675515",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5159cc88d24251bc050000a4 | summary | How does exercise affect thyroid hormone receptors expression in the heart? | [
"Exercise has been shown to increase TRβ1 receptor expression in young rats. Exercise has been shown to increase both TRα1 and TRβ1 receptor expression in aged rats."
] | [] | [
"Exercise increased the TRβ1 receptor, L-channel and NCX",
"Expression of TR-alpha1 and TR-beta1 proteins in the heart were significantly lower in sedentary aged rats than in sedentary young rats and were significantly higher in trained aged rats than in sedentary aged rats.",
"Myocyte TRbeta1 was upregulated i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11577024",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14704232",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21625820"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THAB_PAROL",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_LITCT",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THAB_XENLA",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THB_SHEEP",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THA_MOUSE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0046966",
"http://w... |
56b8841189239fd259000001 | yesno | Is the Drosophila Translational Control Element (TCE) involved in spermatogenesis? | [
"Yes. The Drosophila Translational Control Element (TCE), a 12 nucleotide long sequence element, was demonstrated to be necessary for translational control of expression in the male germ line of Drosophila melanogaster."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Gene regulation in Drosophila spermatogenesis: analysis of protein binding at the translational control element TCE.",
"We have previously identified a 12 nucleotide long sequence element, the TCE, that was demonstrated to be necessary for translational control of expression in the male germ line of Drosophila m... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22984601",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8111973"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004330",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007283",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013091",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact... |
51542dc3d24251bc0500007e | list | What are the symptoms of abacavir hypersensitivity? | [
"Patients receiving abacavir develop an idiosyncratic hypersensitivity reaction that can include a wide range of symptoms. The most common are: fever, enathema, skin rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, cough, gastrointestinal disorders, anaphylactic shock, respiratory symptoms."
] | [
"fever",
"enathema",
"skin rash",
"nausea",
"vomiting",
"diarrhea",
"cough",
"gastrointestinal disorders",
"anaphylactic shock",
"respiratory symptoms"
] | [
"patients receiving abacavir develop a hypersensitivity reaction, characterized by rash, fever and, occasionally, multisystemic involvement",
"The predictors included any one of several specific symptoms commonly found with this reaction, a claims diagnosis of adverse effect of drug, anaphylactic shock or unspeci... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12719670",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12869229",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18855539",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17245797"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/class",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/1297",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseaseClass/Immunological"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type",
... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004342",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006967",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0002524",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=ui... |
532f0511d6d3ac6a34000024 | summary | What is the effect of ivabradine in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction? | [
"I(f)-channel inhibition potentially exhibits beneficial effects in diastolic heart failure. In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), short-term treatment with ivabradine increased exercise capacity, with a contribution from improved left ventricular filling pressure response to exe... | [] | [
"Traditional agents with strong evidence in HFrEF have proved unsuccessful in HFpEF. Newer agents such as angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, sildenafil, and ivabradine have demonstrated benefits without improving mortality.",
"In db/db, a model of HFPEF, selective HR reduction by If-inhibition improved va... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22833515",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20005474",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23916925",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23274284",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21212673"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D054144",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4266225"
] |
5325de7d9b2d7acc7e000029 | yesno | Is low T3 syndrome a prognostic marker in patients with renal insufficiency? | [
"Low fT3 is an independent predictor of death in chronic kidney disease, in particular in dialised patients at end-stage renal diseases."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Low T3 was particularly common (44.3 %), and clearly associated with increased 6- and 12-month mortality and decreased overall survival (log rank test, P=0.007). ",
"Increased rT3 may be more common in ESRD patients than previously described, and together with decreased T3 it may serve as an indicator of poor pr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/958900",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21189433",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22419237",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17908160",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/999108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19367004",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011379",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005067",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D058186",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
531d76a2267d7dd05300000a | yesno | Does burning mouth syndrome preferentially affect post-mepopausal women? | [
"BMS is observed principally in middle-aged patients and postmenopausal women \nBMS mostly affects elderly citizens, especially postmenopausal women with prevalence up to 12-18%."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"It is observed principally in middle-aged patients and postmenopausal women and may be accompanied by xerostomia and altered taste.",
"It occurs more commonly in middle-aged and elderly women and often affects the tongue tip and lateral borders, lips, and hard and soft palate. ",
"BMS is a chronic disorder tha... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8725589",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17439072",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15055637",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18985004",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10431669",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12017897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002054",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002056",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008593",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
55376663bc4f83e82800000a | factoid | Which biomarker is widely used in the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma? | [
"CD99 is a hallmark marker for Ewing sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors."
] | [
"CD99"
] | [
"half of B-LBL patients are negative for CD45 (leucocyte common antigen, LCA), a widely used marker for the diagnosis of lymphoma, and a significant portion express CD99, a marker for Ewing's sarcoma (ES) or primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)",
"Moreover, half of B-LBL patients are negative for CD45 (leucocyt... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12783138"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015415",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:4980",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D012512",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3368"
] |
51595fb0d24251bc0500009c | list | Proteomic analyses have revealed proteins associated with the triple-negative breast cancers. List some proposed proteins. | [
"Selected proteins of interest proposed from triple-negative cancer proteomic studies are CD44, PARP1, Mage-A4, LSR, RAB25, S100A14, MUC1, Hsp90, Actin, 14-3-3, vimentin, HSP70, CK18, moesin, IDH2, CRABP2, SEC14L2, beta-catenin, MUC18, Stat1 and CD74."
] | [
"CD44",
"PARP1",
"Mage-A4",
"LSR",
"RAB25",
"S100A14",
"MUC1",
"Hsp90",
"Actin",
"14-3-3",
"vimentin",
"HSP70",
"CK18",
"moesin",
"IDH2",
"CRABP2",
"SEC14L2",
"beta-catenin",
"MUC18",
"Stat1",
"CD74"
] | [
"Some of these proteins are of outstanding interest in the biology and clinical management of this disease, such as CD44 and PARP1.",
"We present here our results, including a large cumulative database of proteins based on the analysis of 78 TNBCs, and the identification and validation of one specific protein, Ma... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19416831",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23172894",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22414580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20068102",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22692575",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19485423",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0060081",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901"
] |
52f11b922059c6d71c000004 | factoid | Which signalling pathway is involved in Tuberous Sclerosis? | [
"Tuberous Sclerosis is a multisystem genetic disorder caused by mutation in TSC1 or TSC2 gene, that leads to hyperactivation of the mTOR signalling pathway, and subsequent dysregulation of cell growth control."
] | [
"Tuberous Sclerosis is caused by hyperactivation of the mTOR signalling pathway."
] | [
"Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a multisystem genetic disorder caused by mutation in either Tsc1 or Tsc2 genes that leads to the hyper activation of the mTOR pathway, a key signalling pathway for synaptic plasticity. ",
"Tuberous sclerosis, caused by germline mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, is associate... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20457704",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19506736",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15388940",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12766776",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12766775",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23159330",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC2_RAT",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0033596",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/TSC1_RAT",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:13515",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D0144... |
52f88a972059c6d71c000033 | yesno | Can life style changes reduce oxidative stress | [
"Our results suggested that life style changes which related to migration might reduce DNA damage in Hasake nationalities."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"The CFS group had an unfavorable lipid profile and signs of oxidative stress induced damage to lipids and proteins. These results might be indicative of early proatherogenic processes in this group of patients who are otherwise at low risk for atherosclerosis. Antioxidant treatment and life style changes are indic... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21150342",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23185200",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19031760",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23105513"
] | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#notation",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A18450882",
"o": "D008019"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A18450882",
"o": "Life Style Induced Illnes... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008019",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018384"
] |
536787467d100faa09000010 | factoid | Which is the relation between sweating and anaerobic threshold? | [
"There is no clear evidence of the relationship between sweating and anaerobic threshold"
] | [
"There is no clear evidence of the relationship between sweating and anaerobic threshold"
] | [
"It is concluded that the sweating response during upright recovery is significantly modified by exercise intensity and may likely be influenced by the nonthermal baroreceptor reflex adjustments postexercise.",
" The purpose of this paper is to delineate the effects of training status, heat acclimation, environme... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2703281",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7588694",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9694410",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12937031"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015308",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008660",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013546"
] |
56c077e9ef6e394741000021 | factoid | Name monoclonal antibody against SLAMF7. | [
"Elotuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-F7 (SLAMF7, also known as CS1, CD319, or CRACC) that enhances natural killer cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of SLAMF7-expressing myeloma cells."
] | [
"signaling lymphocytic activation molecule-F7"
] | [
"BACKGROUND: Elotuzumab, an immunostimulatory monoclonal antibody targeting signaling lymphocytic activation molecule F7 (SLAMF7), showed activity in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in a phase 1b-2 study in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.",
"Elotuzumab is a humanized monoclo... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26035255",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25287778",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25312647",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24941981"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SLAF7_HUMAN",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000911"
] |
54d9071a4b1fd0d33c000007 | summary | What is the mode of action of bedaquiline? | [
"Bedaquiline works by inhibiting bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase and represents the first novel class of antituberculosis agents that is used for treatment of multi drug resistant tuberculosis."
] | [] | [
"Bedaquiline works by inhibiting bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase and represents the first novel class of antituberculosis agents in more than 40 years. ",
"Bedaquiline has an entirely novel mechanism of action and so should be active against otherwise highly resistant organisms. It acts on the tra... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24563587",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25203970",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25114537",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24173008",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23459487",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24259600"
] | [] | [] |
551c2cd26b348bb82c00000d | summary | Does helicobacter pylori infection increase risk for ischemic stroke? | [
"Findings regarding association between helicobacter pylori infection and ischemic stroke risk are conflicting. There is evidence to suggest that helicobacter pylori infection is associated with increased risk for ischemic stroke and should be considered stroke risk factors. However, some studies reported no associ... | [] | [
"Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is reported to be associated with many extragastrointestinal manifestations, such as hematological diseases [idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and unexplained iron deficiency anemia (IDA)], cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart diseases), neurological disorders (... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12063957",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18988408",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21060340",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15694938",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18249521",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22713083",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016480",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016481"
] |
5547d700f35db75526000007 | list | Which are the major types of the motor speech disorder dysarthria? | [
"Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder which can be classified according to the underlying neuropathology and is associated with disturbances of respiration, laryngeal function, airflow direction, and articulation resulting in difficulties of speech quality and intelligibility. There are six major types of dysarthr... | [
"flaccid dysarthria",
"spastic dysarthria",
"ataxic dysarthria",
"hyperkinetic dysarthria",
"hypokinetic dysarthria",
"mixed dysarthria"
] | [
"Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder which can be classified according to the underlying neuropathology and is associated with disturbances of respiration, laryngeal function, airflow direction, and articulation resulting in difficulties of speech quality and intelligibility. There are six major types of dysarthr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9197089",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22268902",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23422471",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10693258",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22774423",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19995207",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:92",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004401",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013064"
] |
5316111fb166e2b806000001 | yesno | Is oxidative stress affected by FOXO expression? | [
"Yes. In different cell types, induction of forkhead transcription factor FOXO1 was found to increase expression of the mitochondrial antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase, and lead to suppression of oxidative stress."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Forkhead-box class O (FoxO) transcription factors regulate mechanisms of cellular aging, including protein quality control, autophagy and defenses against oxidative stress.",
"Statin-mediated upregulation of klotho expression and differential regulation of FoxO expression promote resistance to CsA-induced oxidat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16709600",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19842039",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24269635",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22986347"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FOXO_DROME",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0006979",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0034599",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FOXO_CAEEL",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:... |
54e22ee4ae9738404b000013 | summary | Describe the mechanism of action of the LINX system for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. | [
"LINX Reflux Management System is a sphincter augmentation device designed to prevent gastroesophageal reflux due to abnormal opening of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) by augmenting the sphincter barrier. It is implanted via laparoscopic procedure that does not alter gastric anatomy and is easily reversible."... | [] | [
"Magnetic sphincter augmentation with the LINX device for gastroesophageal reflux disease after U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval.",
"Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) of the gastroesophageal junction with the LINX Reflux Management System is an alternative to fundoplication for gastroesophageal refl... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23155537",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23237251",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24117632",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21037442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25062898",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24778041",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:8534"
] |
571f609c0fd6f91b6800000c | factoid | Which enzyme deficiency can cause GM1 gangliosidoses? | [
"GM1 gangliosidoses are associated with deficiency of β-galactosidase."
] | [
"β-galactosidase"
] | [
"GM1 and GM2 gangliosidosis are associated with deficiency of β-galactosidase and β-hexosaminidase respectively",
"The total content and distribution of retinal glycosphingolipids was studied for the first time in control mice and in Sandhoff disease (SD) and GM1 gangliosidosis mice",
"The GSL abnormalities in ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2837434",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8112731",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1909089",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3088302",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17442056",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25936995",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [] |
55032e65e9bde69634000034 | factoid | What is the characteristic feature of the Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome. | [
"Cerebral hemiatrophy (atrophy of one cerebral hemisphere) is the characteristic feature of the Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome. It develops due to an insult to the brain in fetal or early childhood period. Calvarial thickening, skull and facial asymmetry, contralateral hemiparesis, cognitive impairment and seizures ... | [
"cerebral hemiatrophy"
] | [
"Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome is a rare condition characterized by cerebral hemiatrophy, calvarial thickening, skull and facial asymmetry, contralateral hemiparesis, cognitive impairment and seizures.",
"Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome refers to atrophy of one cerebral hemisphere (hemiatrophy) due to an insult to ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25207154",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23672850",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20691943",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21764333",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15869006",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7761171",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [] |
5717d86029809bbe7a000003 | factoid | Which gene is involved in the development of Barth syndrome? | [
"Tafazzin is a mitochondrial phospholipid transacylase, and its mutations cause Barth syndrome (BTHS)",
"Tafazzin, a mitochondrial acyltransferase encoded by a gene of the same name, plays an important role in cardiolipin side chain remodeling. Studies have shown that mutation-induced dysfunction of tafazzin redu... | [
"Tafazzin (TAZ) gene"
] | [
"Tafazzin is a mitochondrial phospholipid transacylase, and its mutations cause Barth syndrome (BTHS)",
"Tafazzin, a mitochondrial acyltransferase, plays an important role in cardiolipin side chain remodeling. Previous studies have shown that dysfunction of tafazzin reduces cardiolipin content, impairs mitochondr... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20981509",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24342716",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23523468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24813252",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24093814",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24801725",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
51406dd123fec90375000008 | summary | What is the treatment of subacute thyroiditis? | [
"Common treatment of subacute thyroiditis is with anti-inflammatory drug agents, namely corticosteroids"
] | [] | [
"Oral glucocorticoids are administered in moderate and severe cases of subacute thyroiditis (SAT)",
"he treatment protocol that we employed had 15 mg/day of PSL as the initial dosage for the treatment of SAT, with tapering by 5 mg every 2 weeks"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17923793",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23227861",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22313427",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22138076"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7187",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004364",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7166",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:7165",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_c... |
56e45bc651531f7e33000018 | summary | What are the effects of BMAL1 deficiency? | [
"BMAL1 deficiency is associated with premature aging and reduced lifespan and BMAL1 deficiency leads to development of stress induced senescence in vivo. Down-regulation of Bmal1 also accelerates the development of tumours, adipogenesis."
] | [] | [
"BMAL1 deficiency is associated with premature aging and reduced lifespan",
"BMAL1 deficiency leads to development of stress induced senescence in vivo.",
" Down-regulation of Bmal1 accelerates the development of tumours ",
"BMAL1 deficiency results in premature aging in mice",
"BMAL1 deficiency disrupts ci... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22611086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24481314",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20576619",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21149897",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22101268",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20519775"
] | [] | [] |
531b1e3cb166e2b80600003b | list | Which histone modifications are associated with Polycomb group (PcG) proteins? | [
"A member of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) directly mediates the addition of K27me3 to histone H3, a modification associated with heterochromatin, and it is believed that this activity mediates transcriptional repression. At the same time PRC2 activity results in a global increase in H3K27 acetylation. S... | [
"H3K27me3",
"H3K27Ac",
"H3K9me3",
"H3K36me"
] | [
"The PcG proteins are well-conserved chromatin factors that repress transcription of numerous target genes. They bind the genome at specific sites, forming chromatin domains of associated histone modifications as well as higher-order chromatin structures.",
"A component of Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), wh... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23694722",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19723660",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23322639",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20385584",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16537902",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17525233",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0031519",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4278518",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D063146",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016573",
"http://amigo.gene... |
53319916d6d3ac6a3400003f | summary | Where is the protein CLIC1 localized? | [
"CLIC1 is an intracellular chloride ion channel that is localized both to the nucleus and to the cytolasm."
] | [] | [
"CLIC1 expression was obtained in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane of cells in both cell lines.",
"CLIC1, an intracellular chloride ion channel,",
"Like NCC27/CLIC1, CLIC3 is predominantly localized in the nucleus ",
"the nuclear localization pattern of CLIC1 was remarkably changed by insulin stimulation"
] | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21055175",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15827065",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9880541"
] | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/encodedBy",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5E9B7",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51354539423700E"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#prefLabel",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_51354539423700E",
"o": "CLIC1"... | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLIC1_MOUSE",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0008104",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLIC1_RAT",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051234",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CLIC1_PIG",
"http://amigo.geneon... |
52d832dd98d0239505000003 | list | List phosphorylation consensus motifs for Casein Kinase 1 (CK1)? | [
"The most common consensus motifs for CK1 are: pSer-Xaa-Xaa-Ser, K/R-X-K/R-X-X-S/T, SLS and acidic cluster motifs and SerP/ThrP-Xaa-Xaa-Ser/Thr."
] | [
"pSer-Xaa-Xaa-Ser",
"K/R-X-K/R-X-X-S/T",
"SLS and acidic cluster motifs",
"SerP/ThrP-Xaa-Xaa-Ser/Thr"
] | [
"Members of the protein kinase CK1 family usually phosphorylate residues of serine that are close to other phosphoserine in a consensus motif of pS-X-X-S,",
"a novel consensus phosphorylation motif (K/R-X-K/R-X-X-S/T) for CK1 ",
"CK1 acts as a 'phosphate-directed' kinase whose targeting is primed by a single ph... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8055935",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18239272",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15975091",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12925738",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11781102",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14710188",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D010766",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D047389",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0016310",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KC1A_RAT",
"http... |
56bb616dac7ad10019000008 | list | What medication were compared in the ROCKET AF Trial? | [
"ROCKET-AF trial compared rivaroxaban and warfarin for for prevention of stroke and embolism."
] | [
"rivaroxaban",
"warfarin"
] | [
"METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients randomized in the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared With Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET-AF) trial (n = 14 264) were grouped by baseline AF category: paroxysmal or persistent. Multivariable ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23352688",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22664783",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24659084",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24895454",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24763930",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24794785",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016449",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016032",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016430",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56bdc452a36a056b3d000001 | summary | Describe the usefulness of the SPIKE database in human signaling pathways | [
"The rapid accumulation of knowledge on biological signaling pathways and their regulatory mechanisms has highlighted the need for specific repositories that can store, organize and allow retrieval of pathway information in a way that will be useful for the research community. SPIKE (Signaling Pathways Integrated K... | [] | [
"The rapid accumulation of knowledge on biological signaling pathways and their regulatory mechanisms has highlighted the need for specific repositories that can store, organize and allow retrieval of pathway information in a way that will be useful for the research community. SPIKE (Signaling Pathways Integrated K... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21097778",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18289391"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015398",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0007165",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D019991"
] |
56b39f148525abca1e000004 | yesno | Is the Dictyostelium discoideum proteome known? | [
"Yes, The Dictyostelium discoideum genome has been sequenced, assembled and annotated to a high degree of reliability. The parts-list of proteins and RNA encoded by the six chromosomes can now be accessed and analyzed. Consequently, this genomic sequence information can now be exploited to realize D. discoideum pro... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The Negative Proteome Database (NPD) is populated with pair-wise protein sequence comparisons between each of the following proteomes: Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dictyostelium discoideum, Chlamydomonus reinhardti, Escherichia coli K12, Ara... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16875414",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20013782",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20422638",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16957282",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22120990",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16957286",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D040901",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004023"
] |
56b3a3ce8525abca1e000005 | list | List proteins of lipids droplets | [
"perilipins\nadipose differentiation-related protein\nlipid storage droplet protein 5 \ntail-interacting protein of 47 kilodaltons \nS3-12"
] | [
"perilipins",
"adipose differentiation-related protein",
"ADFP",
"LSDP5",
"lipid storage droplet protein 5",
"tail-interacting protein of 47 kilodaltons",
"TIP47",
"S3-12"
] | [
"The perilipins are a multi-protein family that targets lipid droplet surfaces and regulates lipid storage and hydrolysis.",
"or the abundance of the lipid droplet coat proteins (perilipins 2, 3, 4, and 5) between treatments. ",
"This study investigated the lipid droplet coat proteins perilipin 1 (PLIN1) and pe... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23204327",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18202123",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21420243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24036367",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19717842",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19748893",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/mnemonic",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60240",
"o": "PLIN1_HUMAN"
},
{
"p": "http://purl.uniprot.org/core/recommendedName",
"s": "http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60240",
"o": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/#_4F363032343000B"
},
{
... | [] |
55152c0a46478f2f2c000004 | summary | What is the Barr body? | [
"The Barr body is the inactive X chromosome in a female somatic cell. It is readily identified as plano-convex structure of 2-3 micron in diameter on the periphery of the nuclear membrane. One of the X-chromosomes by a random inactivation process condenses to form X-chromatin (Barr body) in early embryonic life. ... | [] | [
"The Barr body is the inactive X chromosome in a female somatic cell. It is readily identified as plano-convex structure of 2-3 micron in diameter on the periphery of the nuclear membrane. ",
"Human inactive X chromosome (Xi) forms a compact structure called the Barr body, which is enriched in repressive histone ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21416650",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17611545",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23542155",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6270519",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21356720",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15682788",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0009048",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0001740",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:1900095",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:1900096",
"htt... |
5144bc8fd24251bc0500000e | yesno | Is single-cell analysis (SCA) possible in proteomics? | [
"No, it is not yet feasible, although smaller pilot studies has been performed where a limited number of proteins has been analysed."
] | [
"no"
] | [
"Toward Single Cell Analysis by Plume Collimation in Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry.",
"he advent of proteomics and genomics at a single-cell level has set the basis for an outstanding improvement in analytical technology and data acquisition.",
"The new-generation technology of single... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20680590",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16806894",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16098176",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22203961",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17560583",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18392595",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020543",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D059010",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=0005623",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=ui... |
532f3e08d6d3ac6a34000034 | yesno | Is shotgun lipidomics the direct infusion of a lipid sample into a mass spectrometer? | [
"Yes, shotgun lipidomics relies on direct infusion of total lipid extracts into a high-resolution tandem mass spectrometer."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"In direct infusion/injection (or shotgun) lipidomics",
"An efficient shotgun lipidomics strategy was established and optimized for fast phospholipid profiling of viscera from three fish species: Lateolabrax japonicas, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and Carassius auratus. This strategy relies on direct infusion of tot... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17920553",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22629264",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19408941",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22946708",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21207296",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22282095",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D053719",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008055",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013058",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
514a0f4ad24251bc05000053 | factoid | How many genes are in the gene signature screened by MammaPrint? | [
"Mammaprint has a 70 gene signature."
] | [
"70 genes"
] | [
"The 70 gene-signature (MammaPrint(®)) is a prognostic profile of distant recurrence and survival of primary breast cancer (BC)",
"The 70-gene signature was analysed using MammaPrint",
"the prognostic value of the MammaPrint(TM) signature",
"by the 70-gene signature",
"the 70-gene signature",
"n FDA-clear... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22553468",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20094918",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23371464",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19126254",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20359886",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20204499",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#literalForm",
"s": "http://linkedlifedata.com/resource/umls/label/A17680439",
"o": "MammaPrint"
}
] | [] |
52fc94572059c6d71c000070 | yesno | Is apixaban effective for treatment of acute venous thromboembolism? | [
"Apixaban is a direct inhibitor of factor Xa, and is a potential alternative for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. These results suggest a lack of clear superiority of apixaban relative to enoxaparin. Apixaban is an oral alternative with similar efficacy and safety to existing anticoagulant therapies."... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Apixaban is a direct inhibitor of factor Xa, and is a potential alternative for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. ",
"These results suggest a lack of clear superiority of apixaban relative to enoxaparin. Apixaban is an oral alternative with similar efficacy and safety to existing anticoagulant thera... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18393142",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24554904",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23117646",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22153026",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24057162",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23808982",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013923",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D020246",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2... |
56c4a217b04e159d0e000001 | yesno | Is the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle affected in inflammation? | [
"Metabolic reprogramming is implicated in macrophage activation. In many cases, intermediates of the TCA cycle are involved in the response to hypoxic conditions brought about by inflammation."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"In this study, the levels of amino acids and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) cycle-related molecules in the colonic tissues and sera of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) were profiled by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), with the aim of evaluating whether the clinical state induced by UC leads to variat... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23776651",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24727425",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21523508",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24361092",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21287666",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25461442",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D007249",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D002952",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/amigo/term/GO:0006099"
] |
535d59349a4572de6f000009 | list | What are the indications for treatment with anti-hepcidin? | [
"improving anemia control\nanemia management in hemodialysis\niron-restricted anemias"
] | [
"iron-restricted anemias",
"anemia of inflammation",
"anemia of cancer",
"anemia of chronic kidney disease",
"anemia of chronic disease"
] | [
"anti-hepcidin strategies for improving anemia control.",
"anti-hepcidin therapies may improve anemia management in hemodialysis.",
"Anti-hepcidin therapy for iron-restricted anemias",
"human anti-hepcidin antibody as a novel therapeutic for iron-restricted anemias such as anemia of inflammation, cancer, or c... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24159166",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24231125",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24175256"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D064451"
] |
51651e24298dcd4e51000054 | factoid | How many genera comprise the Flaviviridae family? | [
"The family Flaviviridae is comprised of three genera: Flavivirus, Pestivirus and Hepacivirus."
] | [
"three",
"3"
] | [
"Within a project aimed at discovering new Flaviviridae inhibitors, new variously substituted 2-phenylbenzimidazoles were synthesized and evaluated in cell-based assays for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against viruses representatives of the three genera of the Flaviviridae family, i.e.: Pestivirus (BVDV), Fl... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21249176",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19555498",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19035566",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16225688",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8396675",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18991746",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D018067"
] |
56bc8d65ac7ad1001900001a | yesno | Are reduced-nicotine cigarettes effective for smoking cessation? | [
"Yes, reduced-nicotine cigarettes are effective for smoking cessation."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"CONCLUSIONS: In this 6-week study, reduced-nicotine cigarettes versus standard-nicotine cigarettes reduced nicotine exposure and dependence and the number of cigarettes smoked. ",
"RESULTS: Significant reductions in nicotine intake were observed between usual brand smoking (∼1.2 mg nicotine) and the 0.3 and 0.05... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26422724",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25150282",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21232155",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25025523",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24746485",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17573781",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016540"
] |
57089865cf1c32585100000c | yesno | Is the Wnt protein modified by notum? | [
"Yes, \tNotum deacylates Wnt proteins to suppress signalling activity."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Notum deacylates Wnt proteins to suppress signalling activity.",
"Kinetic and mass spectrometric analyses of human proteins show that Notum is a carboxylesterase that removes an essential palmitoleate moiety from Wnt proteins and thus constitutes the first known extracellular protein deacylase.",
"the Wnt inhi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18505598",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22669824",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22159580",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18429952",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24523458",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15647319",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
56c1d84cef6e394741000031 | list | List functions that are evaluated with the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness score? | [
"The FOUR (Full Outline of UnResponsiveness) score, a new coma scale, evaluates 4 components: eye and motor responses, brainstem reflexes and respiration."
] | [
"eye responses",
"motor responses",
"brainstem reflexes",
"respiration"
] | [
"The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) Score is a coma scale that consists of four components (eye and motor response, brainstem reflexes, and respiration). ",
"Recently, the full outline of unresponsiveness (FOUR) score was introduced, which is composed of four clinically distinct categories of evaluation:... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24556655",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19648386",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24013867",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20551672"
] | [] | [] |
5713bf261174fb1755000011 | list | For the constructions of which organs has 3D printing been tested? | [
"Nose, ear and meniscus prototypes/constructs have been produced with 3D (3-dimesional) printing."
] | [
"nose",
"ear",
"meniscus"
] | [
"To determine the potential of an integrated, image-based computer-aided design (CAD) and 3-dimensional (3D) printing approach to engineer scaffolds for head and neck cartilaginous reconstruction for auricular and nasal reconstruction.",
"Subcutaneous in vivo implantation of auricular and nasal scaffolds was perf... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22436025",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19901446",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25197745",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25387454",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25641220",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24288392",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D066330",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D011327"
] |
5335b373d6d3ac6a34000050 | yesno | Is ospemifene effective for treatment of dyspareunia? | [
"Yes, ospamifene is effective for treatment of dyspareunia. Ospemifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, or estrogen receptor agonist/antagonist, that was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of dyspareunia associated with vulvar and vaginal atrophy, a chronic conditi... | [
"yes"
] | [
"Ospemifene, a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been developed for the treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy and dyspareunia in postmenopausal women. ",
"For the comparison of short-term ospemifene with placebo, parabasal cells (the standardized mean difference [SMD] = -37.5, 95% confidence interval [... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24055829",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24075094",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23985562",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23605694",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23945733",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24109197",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D013812",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4226329",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004414"
] |
54cf4a0ef693c3b16b00000c | yesno | Is pregabalin effective for treatment of patients with restless leg syndrome? | [
"Yes, numerous evidence from clinical trials indicate that pregabalic is effective for treatment of patients diagnosed with restless leg syndrome."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated improvements in objective and subjective measures of sleep maintenance and sleep architecture with pregabalin compared with placebo and pramipexole. Effects of pregabalin on periodic limb movement arousal index were comparable to pramipexole. ",
"CONCLUSIONS: Pregabalin provi... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23859128",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22851801",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18656214",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24521108",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17489946",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23746768",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4236113"
] |
513eec89bee46bd34c00000d | summary | What is the biological role of expansins in fungi? | [
"Expansins are extracellular proteins that increase plant cell-wall extensibility. These wall-loosening proteins are involved in cell wall extension and polysaccharide degradation. In fungi expansins and expansin-like proteins have been found to localize in the conidial cell wall and are probably involved in cell w... | [] | [
"interactions with alpha-expansin in cell wall extension and polysaccharide degradation",
"cell wall swelling may not be a significant event during the action of expansin and hydrolases",
"To evaluate a putative implication of three newly identified expansin/family 45 endoglucanase-like (EEL) proteins in lignoc... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15195944",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18400936",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20478643",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18406638",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15605243",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19479322"
] | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005658"
] |
56f15c5a2ac5ed1459000012 | yesno | Can zinc finger nucleases be used to combat disease? | [
"Yes, zinc finger nucleases are a useful tool for treating disease."
] | [
"yes"
] | [
"Genetic engineering has emerged as a powerful mechanism for understanding biological systems and a potential approach for redressing congenital disease.",
"This is of particular importance, given the momentum currently behind ZFNs in moving into phase I clinical trials. This study provides a historical account o... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15806097",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16082368",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22318089",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20389291",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18511461",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23161061",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D016335",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015032",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D004194",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/a... |
56bb54d3ac7ad10019000006 | summary | What is known about depression in acoustic neuroma patients? | [
"From 10.2% to 38% acoustic neuroma patients report depression. Depression is predicted by the number of symptoms, prolonged postoperative headache, deterioration of hearing and female gender."
] | [] | [
"Clinically significant anxiety was reported by 29.8% of participants and 10.2% were depressed. ",
"Time since management, number of symptoms and comorbid medical conditions predicted anxiety, while depression was predicted by number of symptoms. ",
"Depression (usually mild) occurred in 24% of the respondents,... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17711494",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8965089",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22051029",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2775668"
] | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:12689",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D003863",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:1596",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2016/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009464"
] |
52b2e498f828ad283c000010 | factoid | Mutation of which gene is associated with Achondroplasia? | [
"Achondroplasia is due to mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene."
] | [
"fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3)"
] | [
"She was subsequently diagnosed with hypochondroplasia at the age of 6 years when disproportional short stature, stocky habitus and macrocephaly were observed. These phenotypic findings were later confirmed by the presence of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene mutation N540K.",
"Achondroplasia can b... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10932008",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10881785",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9115628",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7702086",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9949234",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15221641",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.... | [
{
"p": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseasome/associatedGene",
"s": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/diseases/1308",
"o": "http://www4.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/diseasome/resource/genes/ACH"
},
{
"p": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"s": "htt... | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D000130",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D009154",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D005796"
] |
5309fa5e970c65fa6b000003 | summary | What is the mode of action of Hsp90 inhibitors? | [
"Pharmacologic inhibition of Hsp90 involves interaction with the ATP-binding site of the chaperone. This exerts antiproliferative effects resulting in a marked suppression of tumor growth. Following treatment with a Hsp90 inhibitor, expression of a number of proteins is affected, and most notably the Hsp90 clients,... | [] | [
"In vitro, we show that pharmacologic inhibition of Hsp90 by IPI-504 exerts antiproliferative effects in a panel of pancreatic cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.",
"In pancreatic cancer xenografts obtained directly from patients with pancreas cancer, the agent resulted in a marked suppression of t... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18852131",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18347135",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15849317",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10962573"
] | [] | [
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HSP82_ENCCU",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HSP90_THEPA",
"http://amigo.geneontology.org/cgi-bin/amigo/term_details?term=GO:0051879",
"http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/HSP90_ASPFU",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4175054",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2014/MB_cgi?f... |
5503121de9bde69634000019 | yesno | Is RET the major gene involved in Hirschsprung disease? | [
"The RET proto-oncogene is the major gene associated to Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) with differential contributions of its rare and common, coding and noncoding mutations to the multifactorial nature of this pathology.",
"RET is the major gene associated to Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) with differential contributi... | [
"yes"
] | [
"The RET proto-oncogene is the major gene associated to HSCR with differential contributions of its rare and common, coding and noncoding mutations to the multifactorial nature of this pathology",
"The RET proto-oncogene is the major gene for HSCR with differential contributions of its rare and common, coding and... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12865274",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22574178",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16816022",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22131258",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23400839",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17108762",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:10487",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D006627",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2015/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D051096"
] |
5147c088d24251bc05000026 | factoid | Which type of lung cancer is the most strongly associated with Lambert-Eaton syndrome? | [
"Small-cell lung cancer is most commonly associated with Lambert-Eaton syndrome. Case reports suggest that other non-small-cell lung cancer types, such as large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, can be also very rarely associated this syndrome."
] | [
"small-cell lung cancer"
] | [
"The autoantibodies implicated in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LES), which are known to inhibit ICa and INa in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, also significantly inhibited INa in SCLC cells.",
"These results indicate that (i) action potentials in human SCLC cells result from the regenerative increase i... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8568672",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18032743",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16100656",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9094058",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9254841",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2189179",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.g... | [] | [
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D015624",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:3905",
"http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2012/MB_cgi?field=uid&exact=Find+Exact+Term&term=D008175",
"http://www.disease-ontology.org/api/metadata/DOID:0050214",
"http... |
5719f5c67de986d80d00000d | factoid | What distinguishes lantibiotics from antibiotics? | [
"Lantibiotic compounds are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides against which bacteria are not able to produce resistance, hence making them a good alternative to antibiotics. It is interesting that low levels of resistance have been reported for lantibiotics compared with commercial antibiotics. Given th... | [
"Lantibiotics are post-translationally modified natural peptides containing lanthionine"
] | [
"One potentially interesting class of antimicrobials are the modified bacteriocins termed lantibiotics, which are bacterially produced, posttranslationally modified, lanthionine/methyllanthionine-containing peptides.",
"low levels of resistance have been reported for lantibiotics compared with commercial antibiot... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12361237",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19009315",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21905643",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8264800",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24069959",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21470152",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.ni... | [] | [
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4275453",
"http://www.biosemantics.org/jochem#4260744"
] |
5503263fe9bde69634000030 | list | List three major features of the CCFDN syndrome. | [
"Congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism and peripheral neuropathy are three major features of the CCFDN syndrome. Other described signs and symptoms of the CCFDN syndrome include microcornea, microphthalmos, micropupil, floppy eyelid syndrome, pseudoptosis, nystagmus, congenital esotropia, impairment of distant v... | [
"congenital cataracts",
"facial dysmorphism",
"peripheral neuropathy"
] | [
"Because of our experience in neuromuscular disorders, we choose six, frequent, autosomal recessive disorders for these clinical and genetic studies: hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type Lom (HMSNL), hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type Russe (HMSNR), congenital cataracts facial dysmorphism syndrome... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25186864",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15234148",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17195938",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14512967",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11805249",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19070320",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
5167be1a298dcd4e5100005c | yesno | is intense physical activity associated with longevity ? | [
"Several survival studies showed that professional athletes has higher longevity than general population. These epidemiological data matches the evidences that long-term endurance training induces in elderly subjects an increased HRV and a higher exercise working capacity, which are well-established predictors of c... | [
"yes"
] | [
"We found a very significant increase in average longevity (17%) of the cyclists when compared with the general population. The age at which 50% of the general population died was 73.5 vs. 81.5 years in Tour de France participants. Our major finding is that repeated very intense exercise prolongs life span in well ... | [
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21925040",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14662259",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12832429",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16355084",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17436206",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23300766",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.n... | [] | [] |
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