The glomerulus and juxtaglomerular apparatus are depicted in Figure 33.5. The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of the macula densa (MD), located in the thick ascending limb, extraglomerular mesangial cells (EGM), and granular cells (G) that produce renin and angiotensin II in the afferent arterioles (AA). Other components include the basement membrane (BM), Bowman’s space (BS), efferent arteriole (EA), endothelial cell (EN), foot processes of the podocyte (FP), mesangial cells (M) between capillaries, podocyte cell body (P), parietal epithelium (PE), and proximal tubule cell (PT). The modified diagram is based on the structural organization of the mammalian kidney as described by Kriz and Kaissling in Seldin and Giebisch’s The Kidney, 5th edition, published in 2013. The original figure in that source is derived from the work of Kriz, Sakai, et al. in 1988, which focuses on the morphological aspects of glomerular function as presented in the book "Nephrology" edited by A. M. Davison, Volume 1, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Nephrology, page 323, published by Bailliere Tindall, London.
Fig. 33.5 Anatomy of the glomerulus and juxtaglomerular apparatus. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of the macula densa (MD) of the thick ascending limb, extraglomerular mesangial cells (EGM), and renin-and angiotensin II–producing granular cells (G) of the afferent arterioles (AA). BM, basement membrane; BS, Bowman’s space; EA, efferent arteriole; EN, endothelial cell; FP, foot processes of the podocyte; M, mesangial cells between capillaries; P, podocyte cell body (visceral cell layer); PE, parietal epithelium; PT, proximal tubule cell. (Modified from Kriz W, Kaissling B. Structural organization of the mammalian kidney. In Alpern RJ, Moe OW, Caplan M [eds]: Seldin and Giebisch’s The Kidney, 5th ed. London, Elsevier, 2013. Figure in that source based on Kriz W, Sakai T, et al. [1988]. Morphological aspects of glomerular function. In “Nephrology,” A. M. Davison, Vol. 1, Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Nephrology, 323. Bailliere Tindall, London.)