Paris Commune

The Paris Commune (, ) was a revolutionary government that took power in Paris, the capital of France, from 18 March to 28 May 1871.
Cause.
Historical context.
On 2 September 1870, France was defeated in the Battle of Sedan during the Franco-Prussian War, and Napoleon III was captured. When the news reached Paris, angry people came out into the streets. Empress Eugénie fled Paris and the government of the Second Empire collapsed. 
Republicans of the National Assembly created the French Third Republic, and formed a Government of National Defence to continue the war.