Abdul Qadir Gilani

ʿAbd al-Qādir Gīlānī, (, formally Muḥyī l-Dīn Abū Muḥammad b. Abū Sālih ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Gīlānī al-Ḥasanī wa'l-Ḥusaynī (, , , ), known as for short was a Hanbali Sunni Muslim preacher, orator, ascetic, mystic, sayyid, faqīh, and theologian. He was known for being the eponymous founder of the Qadiriyya tariqa (Sufi order) of Sufism.
Urs festival of Shaikh Jilani is celebrated as Gyarvi Sharif in Indian subcontinent and abroad.
Early life.
Born 29 Sha'ban 470 AH (around 1077) in the town of Na'if, district of Gilan-e Gharb, Gilan, Iran and died Monday, February 14, 1166 (11 Rabi' al-Thani 561 AH), in Baghdad, (1077–1166 CE), was a Persian Hanbali Sunni jurist and sufi based in Baghdad. The Qadiriyya tariqa is named after him. And say that he was born in Gilan Iraq, a historic village near the cities (Al-Mada'in) of 40 kilometers south of Baghdad, as evidenced by historical studies academic and adopted by the Gilan Family in Baghdad.
Name's origin.
The name "Muhiyudin" describes him as a "reviver of religion". Gilan (Arabic "al-Jilani") refers to his place of birth, Gilan. However, Gilani also carried the epithet "Baghdadi." referring to his residence and burial in Baghdad. He is also called "al-Hasani wa'l-Husayni", which indicates a claim to lineal descent from both Hasan ibn Ali and Husayn ibn Ali may Allah be pleased with them.
Paternal heritage.
Gilani's father was from Sayyid lineage. He was respected as a saint by the people of his day, and was known as "Jangi Dost" "who loves God", thus "Jangidost" was his sobriquet.
Education.
Gilani spent his early life in Gilan, the town of his birth. In 1095, at the age of eighteen years, he went to Baghdad. There, he pursued the study of Hanbali law under Abu Saeed Mubarak Makhzoomi and ibn Aqil. He was given lessons on Hadith by Abu Muhammad Ja'far al-Sarraj. His Sufi spiritual instructor was Abu'l-Khair Hammad ibn Muslim al-Dabbas. (A detailed description of his various teachers and subjects are included below). After completing his education, Gilani left Baghdad. He spent twenty-five years as a reclusive wanderer in the desert regions of Iraq.
Education in Baghdad.
At the age of 18, Gilani went to Baghdad to study the Hanbali school of fiqh.
Later life.
In 1127, Gilani returned to Baghdad and began to preach to the public. He joined the teaching staff of the school belonging to his own teacher, al-Mazkhzoomi, and was popular with students. In the morning he taught hadith and tafsir, and in the afternoon he held discourse on the science of the heart and the virtues of the Quran. He was said to have been a convincing preacher and converted numerous Jews and Christians. His strength came in the reconciling of the mystical nature of Sufism and strict nature of the Quran.
Death and burial.
Gilani died in the evening of Tuesday, February 21, 1166 (11th Rabi' al-thani 561 AH) at the age of ninety one years according to the Islamic calendar. His body was entombed in a shrine within his madrasa in Babul-Sheikh, Rusafa on the east bank of the Tigris in Baghdad, Iraq. During the reign of the Safavid Shah Ismail I, Gilani's shrine was destroyed. However, in 1535, the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent had a "turba" (dome) built over the shrine, which exists to this day.
Birthday &amp; Death Anniversary celebration.
1 Ramadan is celebrated as the birthday of Abdul Qadir Gilani while the death anniversary is on 11 Rabi us Thani though some scholars and traditions say 29 Shaban and 17 Rabi us Sani as birth and death day respectively. The later is called in the Subcontinent as Giyarwee Shareef or Honoured Day of 11th.