Haut-Rhin

Haut-Rhin is a department in the Grand Est region of France. Its name means "Upper Rhine". The Rhine river is Haut-Rhin's eastern border. The prefecture (capital) of Haut-Rhin is Colmar.
History.
Haut-Rhin is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It has three districts: Altkirch, Belfort and Colmar, with Colmar as is capital.
In 1800, with the creation of the "arrondissements" in France, the three districts were changed into five "arrondissements": Colmar, Altkirch, Belfort, Delémont and Porrentruy. The "arrondissements" Delémont and Porrentruy were eliminated in 1814 and transferred to Switzerland.
The subprefecture of Altkirch was moved to Mulhouse in 1857.
The Haut-Rhin department was eliminated in 1871 when the territory became part of Germany except for a part that forms the Territoire de Belfort.
In 1919, Haut-Rhin is again an department when the territory became part of France with the "arrondissements" Colmar-Ville, Colmar-Campagne, Altkirch, Guebwiller, Mulhouse, Ribeauvillé and Thann. Its capital is Colmar.
The "arrondissements" Colmar-Ville and Colmar-Campagne were combined in 1934 to form the "arrondissement" of Colmar.
In 2015, the "arrondissements" of Guebwiller and Ribeauvillé were eliminated and the name of the "arrondissements" of Thann and Colmar were changed to Thann-Guebwiller and Colmar-Ribeauvillé.
Geography.
Haut-Rhin is the smaller and less populated of the two departments of the former administrative Alsace region. It is in the Grand Est region. It is next to 3 departments in 2 regionsː
To the east, the Haut-Rhin is next to Germany along the Rhine river, and to the south it is next to Switzerland.
Haut-Rhin's area is . Its highest point is Grand Ballon () in the Vosges Mountains, in the eastern part of the department; it is high. The lowest point is high along the Rhine river.
The main river in the department is the Rhine that forms the eastern border of the department, and of France.
Climate.
The area around Colmar, at an altitude of about , few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Strasbourg is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average amount of precipitation for the year in Strasbourg is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of .
The average temperature for the year in Strasbourg is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .
Administration.
Haut-Rhin is managed by the "Departmental Council of Haut-Rhin" in Colmar. The department is part of the Grand Est region.
Administrative divisions.
There are 4 "arrondissements" (districts), 17 "cantons" and 366 "communes" (municipalities) in Haut-Rhin.
The following is a list of the 17 cantons of the Haut-Rhin department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:
People.
The people in the Haut-Rhin department are known, in French, as "Haut-Rhinois" or (women: "Haut-Rhinoises"),
Haut-Rhin had a population, in 2014, of 760,134, for a population density of inhabitants/km2. The "arrondissement" of Mulhouse, with 350,032 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.
Evolution of the population in Haut-Rhin
The 10 "communes" with more inhabitants in the Haut-Rhin department are: