Acid–base reaction

An acid-base reaction is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. The products of such a reaction are a salt and water. This reaction may also regarded as neutralization reaction.
The reaction can be simplified to
The other ions remain constant because they are not affected by the reaction. They are called spectator ions.
Acids and oxides.
An example of an acid-oxide reaction is sulfuric acid and copper(II) oxide reacting to form copper sulfate and water:
Another example of an acid-oxide reaction is nitric acid reacting with sodium oxide to form sodium nitrate and water:
The general equation is:
Acids and hydroxides.
This is one of the more common acid-base reactions. This reaction is one of the few processes to make sodium chloride using hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide:
Acids and carbonates.
An acid can also react with a carbonate, which is a relatively weak base. An example is 
acetic acid reacting with calcium carbonate to form calcium acetate, carbon dioxide and water:
The products of an acid-carbonate reaction is a soluble salt, carbon dioxide and water.