Traffic classification

Traffic classification is an automated process. It categorises computer network traffic according to various parameters into a number of "traffic classes". For example, port number or protocol. 
Classification methods.
Classification is achieved by various means.
Deep Packet Inspection.
A comprehensive comparison of various network traffic classifiers. It depends on Deep Packet Inspection in the Independent Comparison of Popular DPI Tools for Traffic Classification.
Implementation.
The Linux network scheduler and Netfilter, both contain logic. It helps to identify and mark or classify network packets.
Typical traffic classes.
There are three broad types of network traffic: