Extradition

Extradition is how someone who has committed a crime, or is suspected to have committed a crime, is handed from one jurisdiction to another. Usually, the country that wants the person makes a formal request to the other. Under international law, there is no obligation to extradite a person. There is a web of treaties, which state under what conditions extradition is possible.
In general:
People who move to a different location to escape legal charges are called fugitives.
Examples.
In 2019 protestors in Hong Kong demonstrated against a new extradition law proposed by the government of mainland China.