next to Tiānbàng (天棓, Celestial Flail), and Nèichú (內廚, Inner Kitchen). Translations There is no standard English translation for either Daoist chu (廚, Kitchen) or xingchu (行廚, Mobile Kitchen). The former is rendered as: "kitchen festival", "kitchen feast" (Stein 1979) "Kitchens" (Maspero 1981) "kitchen banquets" (Verellen 2004) "cuisines" (Campany 2005, Kleeman 2008, Mollier 2008a) "Kitchens" (Mollier 2009) "cuisines" (Kroll 2017) These Anglophone scholars render Chinese chu as either English kitchen ("a room for preparing food"), optionally clarified with K-, -festival or -feast, or cuisine ("a characteristic style of cooking, often associated with a place of origin"). The latter follows Francophone sinologists, for instance Maspero (1971) and Mollier (1999), who accurately translated Chinese chu as French cuisine ("kitchen; cooking") and xingchu as cuisine de voyage ("travel kitchen"). Although English kitchen and French cuisine are doublets deriving from Latin cocīna ("cooking; kitchen"), they are false friends with significant semantic differences between English kitchen and cuisine. Chinese usually translates English kitchen as chúfáng (廚房, "kitchen") and cuisine as pēngrèn (烹飪, "art of cooking"). The term xingchu (行廚) has been translated as "Traveling Canteen" (Ware 1966) "mobile kitchen" (Sivin 1968) "perform the Kitchen" (Maspero 1981) "travelling kitchen-feast" (Penny 2000) "traveling canteen' (Campany 2002) "traveling kitchen" (Campany 2005) "movable cuisines" (Despeux 2008, Mollier 2008a) "Mobile Kitchens" (Mollier 2009) Joseph Needham calls Ware's "Traveling Canteen" a "bizarre translation" (1976: 29). While Maspero uniquely interprets the xing (行) in xingchu as a verb ("to perform"), the other scholars read it as a modifier ("to go; to move") translated as traveling, mobile, or movable (cf. movable feast). The chu noun in xingchu is translated as English kitchen, cuisine, or canteen. However, the latter ambiguous word has several meanings besides canteen ("a cafeteria or snack bar provided by an organization"), canteen ("a small water bottle"), and British English canteen ("a case or box containing a cutlery set"). To further complicate translating xingchu, travelling canteen was the 18th-century equivalent of a picnic basket. In modern terms, the xingchu is comparable with a mobile kitchen (Sivin's translation), military field kitchen, food truck, or food cart. Chu Kitchen feast The chu (廚, Kitchen), also known as fushi (福食, "good luck meal"), was a religious banquet that usually involved preliminary fasting and purification before consuming a meal of vegetarian food and Chinese wine. The banquet was hosted by families on the occasion of births and deaths, prepared for a ritually-fixed number of parishioners,