$1,200 + $200 = $1,400

TABLE 14.7 Three Production Choices to Manufacture a Home Exercise Cycle

In some cases, unions have discouraged the use of labor-saving physical capital equipment—out of the

reasonable fear that new machinery will reduce the number of union jobs. For example, in 2015, the union

representing longshoremen who unload ships and the firms that operate shipping companies and port

facilities staged a work stoppage that shut down the ports on the western coast of the United States. Two key

issues in the dispute were the desire of the shipping companies and port operators to use handheld scanners

for record-keeping and computer-operated cabs for loading and unloading ships—changes which the union

opposed, along with overtime pay. President Obama threatened to use the Labor Management Relations Act of

1947—commonly known as the Taft-Hartley Act—where a court can impose an 80-day “cooling-off period” in
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