more than 32 million Americans were uninsured. People who are uninsured tend to use emergency rooms for

treatment—the most expensive form of healthcare, which has contributed significantly to rising costs.

The ACA introduced regulations designed to control increases in healthcare costs. One example is a cap on the

amount healthcare providers can spend on administrative costs. Another is a requirement that healthcare providers

switch to electronic medical records (EMRs), which will reduce administrative costs.

The ACA required that states establish health insurance exchanges, or markets, where people without health

insurance, and businesses that do not provide it for their employees, can shop for different insurance plans. The

purpose of these exchanges was to increase competition in insurance markets and thus reduce prices of policies.

Finally, the ACA mandated that people with preexisting conditions could no longer be denied health insurance. The
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