and 2010 time periods. (Source: Table 12.3 Section 600 Income Security, https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/

default/files/omb/budget/fy2013/assets/hist.pdf)

The safety net includes a number of other programs: government-subsidized school lunches and breakfasts

for children from low-income families; the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and

Children (WIC), which provides food assistance for pregnant women and newborns; the Low Income Home

Energy Assistance Program, which provides help with home heating bills; housing assistance, which helps pay

the rent; and Supplemental Security Income, which provides cash support for people with disabilities and

elderly people experiencing poverty.

Medicaid

Congress created Medicaid in 1965. This is a joint health insurance program between both the states and the

federal government. The federal government helps fund Medicaid, but each state is responsible for
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