not especially controversial form, means making an effort to reach out to a broader range of minority

candidates for jobs. In its more aggressive and controversial form, affirmative action required government and

companies to hire a specific number or percentage of minority employees. However, the U.S. Supreme Court

has ruled against state affirmative action laws. Today, the government applies affirmative action policies only

to federal contractors who have lost a discrimination lawsuit. The federal Equal Employment Opportunity

Commission (EEOC) enforces this type of redress.

An Increasingly Diverse Workforce

Racial and ethnic diversity is on the rise in the U.S. population and workforce. As Figure 14.16 shows, while the

White Americans comprised 78% of the population in 2012, the U.S. Bureau of the Census projects that Whites

will comprise 69% of the U.S. population by 2060. Forecasters predict that the proportion of U.S. citizens who
{"moddate": "2022-12-07T14:23:05-06:00", "title": "Principles of Microeconomics 3e", "source_file": "downloads\\business\\economics\\Microeconomics3e.pdf", "creationdate": "2022-12-07T14:15:44-06:00", "batch_upload": true, "producer": "Prince 14.2 (www.princexml.com)", "total_pages": 597, "file_size_mb": 26.99, "source": "downloads\\business\\economics\\Microeconomics3e.pdf", "creator": "PDFMiner", "file_hash": "830b81f41611ac67a490444dbb5d6aed292224606965b06965b914443c93331a", "upload_timestamp": "2026-02-07T15:37:44.339247", "file_type": ".pdf", "file_name": "Microeconomics3e.pdf", "uploaded_via": "batch_uploader"}