representing 100% of the population, with each bar divided according to the percentage of population in each

age group. It is sometimes easier for a reader to run their eyes across several bar graphs, comparing the

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shaded areas, rather than trying to compare several pie graphs.

A • The Use of Mathematics in Principles of Economics 513

FIGURE A8 U.S. Population with Bar Graphs Population data can be represented in different ways. (a) Shows three

bars for each year, representing the total number of persons in each age bracket for each year. (b) Shows just one

bar for each year, but the different age groups are now shaded inside the bar. (c) Sets the vertical axis as a measure

of percentages rather than the number of persons. All three bar graphs are the same height and each bar is divided

according to the percentage of population in each age group.
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