half of the pie and 20% would be one-fifth of the pie. The three pie graphs in Figure A6 show that the share of

the U.S. population 65 and over is growing. The pie graphs allow you to get a feel for the relative size of the

different age groups from 1970 to 2000 to 2030, without requiring you to slog through the specific numbers

and percentages in the table. Some common examples of how pie graphs are used include dividing the

population into groups by age, income level, ethnicity, religion, occupation; dividing different firms into

categories by size, industry, number of employees; and dividing up government spending or taxes into its main

categories.

Bar Graphs

A bar graph uses the height of different bars to compare quantities. Table A5 lists the 12 most populous

countries in the world. Figure A7 provides this same data in a bar graph. The height of the bars corresponds to
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