a pie graph has too many slices, it can become difficult to interpret.

Bar graphs are especially useful when comparing quantities. For example, if you are studying the populations

of different countries, as in Figure A7, bar graphs can show the relationships between the population sizes of

multiple countries. Not only can it show these relationships, but it can also show breakdowns of different

groups within the population.
514 A • The Use of Mathematics in Principles of Economics

A line graph is often the most effective format for illustrating a relationship between two variables that are both

changing. For example, time series graphs can show patterns as time changes, like the unemployment rate

over time. Line graphs are widely used in economics to present continuous data about prices, wages, quantities

bought and sold, the size of the economy.

How Graphs Can Be Misleading
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