curve Um to point F on indifference curve Uh. Point F has greater consumption of both books (five to three)

and doughnuts (100 to 84), so point F is clearly preferable to point B. Given the definition of an indifference

curve—that all the points on the curve have the same level of utility—if point F on indifference curve Uh is

preferred to point B on indifference curve Um, then it must be true that all points on indifference curve Uh

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B • Indifference Curves 521

have a higher level of utility than all points on Um. More generally, for any point on a lower indifference curve,

like Ul, you can identify a point on a higher indifference curve like Um or Uh that has a higher consumption of

both goods. Since one point on the higher indifference curve is preferred to one point on the lower curve, and

since all the points on a given indifference curve have the same level of utility, it must be true that all points on
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