diseases under control. In recent decades, drugs that reduce the risks of high blood pressure have had a

dramatic effect in extending lives.

These advances in public health have all been closely linked to positive externalities and public goods. Public

health officials taught hygienic practices to mothers in the early 1900s and encouraged less smoking in the late
1900s. Government funded many public sanitation systems and storm sewers because they have the key traits

of public goods. In the twentieth century, many medical discoveries emerged from government or university-

funded research. Patents and intellectual property rights provided an additional incentive for private

inventors. The reason for requiring immunizations, phrased in economic terms, is that it prevents spillovers of

illness to others—as well as helping the person immunized.

BRING IT HOME
{"creationdate": "2022-12-07T14:15:44-06:00", "file_type": ".pdf", "total_pages": 597, "batch_upload": true, "file_size_mb": 26.99, "file_name": "Microeconomics3e.pdf", "moddate": "2022-12-07T14:23:05-06:00", "creator": "PDFMiner", "title": "Principles of Microeconomics 3e", "source": "downloads\\business\\economics\\Microeconomics3e.pdf", "file_hash": "830b81f41611ac67a490444dbb5d6aed292224606965b06965b914443c93331a", "uploaded_via": "batch_uploader", "producer": "Prince 14.2 (www.princexml.com)", "upload_timestamp": "2026-02-07T15:37:44.339247", "source_file": "downloads\\business\\economics\\Microeconomics3e.pdf"}