as they were before the intervention. Why is that the case? In 2019, three economists—Esther Duflo, Abhijit

Banerjee, and Michael Kremer—were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work to answer those questions. They

worked diligently to break the widespread problems into smaller pieces, and experimented with small

interventions to test success. The award citation credited their work with giving the world better tools and

information to address poverty and improve education. Esther Duflo, who is the youngest person and second

woman to win the Nobel Prize in Economics, said, "We believed that like the war on cancer, the war on poverty

was not going to be won in one major battle, but in a series of small triumphs. . . . This work and the culture of

learning that it fostered in governments has led to real improvement in the lives of hundreds of millions of

poor people.”

As you can see, economics affects far more than business. For example:
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