according to the U.S. Census. In congressional elections when there is no presidential race, or in local

elections, the turnout is typically lower, often less than half the eligible voters. In other countries, the share of

adults who vote is often higher. For example, in national elections since the 1980s in Germany, Spain, and

France, about 75% to 80% of those of voting age cast ballots. Even this total falls well short of 100%. Some

countries have laws that require voting, among them Australia, Belgium, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Singapore, and

most Latin American nations. At the time the United States was founded, voting was mandatory in Virginia,

Maryland, Delaware, and Georgia. Even if the law can require people to vote, however, no law can require that

each voter cast an informed or a thoughtful vote. Moreover, in the United States and in most countries around

the world, the freedom to vote has also typically meant the freedom notto vote.
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