may be supposed, there are evidently some principles in his nature, which interest him in the fortune of

others, and render their happiness necessary to him, though he derives nothing from it except the pleasure of

seeing it.” Clearly, individuals are both self-interested and altruistic.

Second, we can label self-interested behavior and profit-seeking with other names, such as personal choice

and freedom. The ability to make personal choices about buying, working, and saving is an important personal

freedom. Some people may choose high-pressure, high-paying jobs so that they can earn and spend

considerable amounts of money on themselves. Others may allocate large portions of their earnings to charity

or spend it on their friends and family. Others may devote themselves to a career that can require much time,

energy, and expertise but does not offer high financial rewards, like being an elementary school teacher or a
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