(20%) and people who are blind or have a disability (44%). Thus, 64% of all Medicaid spending goes to seniors,

those who are blind, and people with disabilities. Children receive 21% of all Medicaid spending, followed by

adults at 15%.

FIGURE 15.7 Medicaid Enrollment and Spending Part (a) shows the Medicaid enrollment by different populations,

with children comprising the largest percentage at 47%, followed by adults at 28%, and those who are blind or have

a disability at 16%. Part (b) shows that Medicaid spending is principally for those who are blind or have a disability,

followed by the elderly. Although children are the largest population that Medicaid covers, expenditures on children

are only at 19%.

15.4 Income Inequality: Measurement and Causes

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this section, you will be able to:

• Explain the distribution of income, and analyze the sources of income inequality in a market economy

• Measure income distribution in quintiles
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