increasing productivity. However, this increase in average wages may include both gains to workers in certain

jobs and industries and losses to others.

In thinking about labor practices in low-income countries, it is useful to draw a line between what is

unpleasant to think about and what is morally objectionable. For example, low wages and long working hours

in poor countries are unpleasant to think about, but for people in low-income parts of the world, it may well be

the best option open to them. Practices like child labor and forced labor are morally objectionable and many

countries refuse to import products made using these practices.

20.3 Arguments in Support of Restricting Imports

There are a number of arguments that support restricting imports. These arguments are based around
496 20 • Self-Check Questions

industry and competition, environmental concerns, and issues of safety and security.
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