$5,500 $6,300 $7,200 $3,000

Cost of reducing garbage by second five tons $6,000 $7,200 $7,500 $4,000

Cost of reducing garbage by third five tons

$6,500 $8,100 $7,800 $5,000

Cost of reducing garbage by fourth five tons

$7,000 $9,000 $8,100 $6,000

Cost of reducing garbage by fifth five tons

$0

$9,900 $8,400 $7,000

TABLE 12.6

9. The rows in Table 12.7 show three market-oriented tools for reducing pollution. The columns of the table

show three complaints about command-and-control regulation. Fill in the table by stating briefly how each

market-oriented tool addresses each of the three concerns.

Incentives to

Flexibility about Where and How

Political Process Creates

Go Beyond

Pollution Will Be Reduced

Loopholes and Exceptions

Pollution

Charges

Marketable

Permits

Property

Rights

TABLE 12.7

Access for free at openstax.org
12 • Self-Check Questions 301

10. Suppose a city releases 16 million gallons of raw sewage into a nearby lake. Table 12.8 shows the total
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