the World Trade Organization.

2 As of July 1, 2020, NAFTA was officially replaced with the United States-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) free trade agreement. It is
broadly similar to the original NAFTA.

Access for free at openstax.org
20.4 • How Governments Enact Trade Policy: Globally, Regionally, and Nationally 491

Trade

Agreements

Asia Pacific

Economic

Cooperation

(APEC)

European Union

(EU)

North America

Free Trade

Agreement

(NAFTA)

Latin American

Integration

Association

(LAIA)

Association of

Southeast Asian

Nations (ASEAN)

Southern African

Participating Countries

Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, China, Indonesia,

Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Peru,

Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, United States, Vietnam

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
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