percent fewer properties. Additionally, Hispanic people experience more discrimination in renting apartments and

undergo stiffer credit checks than White renters. In a 2012 study by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban

Development and the nonprofit Urban Institute, Hispanic testers who contacted agents about advertised rental units

received information about 12 percent fewer units available and were shown seven percent fewer units than White

renters. The $9 million study, based on research in 28 metropolitan areas, concluded that blatant “door slamming”

forms of discrimination are on the decline but that the discrimination that does exist is harder to detect, and as a

result, more difficult to remedy. According to the Chicago Tribune, HUD Secretary Shaun Donovan, who served in his

role from 2009-2014, told reporters, “Just because it’s taken on a hidden form doesn’t make it any less harmful.

You might not be able to move into that community with the good schools.”
{"file_type": ".pdf", "producer": "Prince 14.2 (www.princexml.com)", "source_file": "downloads\\business\\economics\\Microeconomics3e.pdf", "batch_upload": true, "title": "Principles of Microeconomics 3e", "moddate": "2022-12-07T14:23:05-06:00", "creator": "PDFMiner", "total_pages": 597, "creationdate": "2022-12-07T14:15:44-06:00", "uploaded_via": "batch_uploader", "source": "downloads\\business\\economics\\Microeconomics3e.pdf", "file_size_mb": 26.99, "file_name": "Microeconomics3e.pdf", "file_hash": "830b81f41611ac67a490444dbb5d6aed292224606965b06965b914443c93331a", "upload_timestamp": "2026-02-07T15:37:44.339247"}