31. What is the national interest argument for protectionism with regard to certain products?

32. Name several of the international treaties where countries negotiate with each other over trade policy.

33. What is the general trend of trade barriers over recent decades: higher, lower, or about the same?

34. If opening up to free trade would benefit a nation, then why do nations not just eliminate their trade

barriers, and not bother with international trade negotiations?

35. Who gains and who loses from trade?

36. Why is trade a good thing if some people lose?
498 20 • Critical Thinking Questions

37. What are some ways that governments can help people who lose from trade?

Critical Thinking Questions

38. Show graphically that for any tariff, there is an equivalent quota that would give the same result. What

would be the difference, then, between the two types of trade barriers? Hint: It is not something you can

see from the graph.
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