"even more control of the ball's trajectory, flight, and spin. David Stanley Froy, James McHardy, and Peter G. Fernie received a patent in 1897 for a ball with indentations; Froy played in the Open in 1900 at the Old Course at St. Andrews with the first prototype. Players were able to put additional backspin on the new wound, dimpled balls when using more lofted clubs, thus inducing the ball to stop more quickly on the green. Manufacturers soon began selling various types of golf balls with various dimple patterns to improve the length, trajectory, spin, and overall ""feel"" characteristics of"
"of the East Asian sapodilla tree, started to be used to create more inexpensive golf balls nicknamed ""gutties"", which had similar flight characteristics as featheries. These then progressed to ""brambles"" in the later 1800s, using a raised dimple pattern and resembling bramble fruit, and then to ""meshies"" beginning in the early 1900s, where ball manufacturers started experimenting with latex rubber cores and wound mesh skins that created recessed patterns over the ball's surface. Recessed circular dimples were patented in 1910, but didn't become popular until the 1940s after the patents expired. The minimum allowed diameter of a golf ball is"
"Miniature golf Miniature golf, also known as minigolf, crazy golf, or putt-putt, is an offshoot of the sport of golf focusing solely on the putting aspect of its parent game. It is played on courses consisting of a series of holes (usually a multiple of 9) similar to its parent, but characterized by their short length (usually within 10 yards from tee to cup). The game uses artificial putting surfaces such as carpet, astroturf and/or concrete, a geometric layout often requiring non-traditional putting lines such as bank shots, and artificial obstacles such as tunnels/tubes, ramps, concrete/metal/fiberglass forms, and moving obstacles"
"not completely halting the use of new technology in equipment design. Until 1990, it was permissible to use balls of less than 1.68 inches in diameter in tournaments under the jurisdiction of the R&A, which differed in its ball specifications rules from those of the USGA. This ball was commonly called a ""British"" ball, while the golf ball approved by the USGA was simply the ""American ball"". The smaller diameter gave the player a distance advantage, especially in high winds, as the smaller ball created a similarly smaller ""wake"" behind it. When a golf ball is hit, the impact, which"
"may or may not use at any time for any shot. Golf balls are spherical, usually white (although other colours are allowed), and minutely pock-marked by dimples that decrease aerodynamic drag by increasing air turbulence around the ball in motion, which delays ""boundary layer"" separation and reduces the drag-inducing ""wake"" behind the ball, thereby allowing the ball to fly farther. The combination of a soft ""boundary layer"" and a hard ""core"" enables both distance and spin. A tee is allowed only for the first stroke on each hole, unless the player must hit a provisional tee shot or replay his"
"pre-marked with the brand and model of golf ball, and also with a letter, number or symbol. This combination can usually (but not always) be used to distinguish a player's ball from other balls in play and from lost or abandoned balls on the course. Companies, country clubs and event organizers commonly have balls printed with their logo as a promotional tool, and some professional players are supplied with balls by their sponsors which have been custom-printed with something unique to that player (their name, signature, or a personal symbol). Golf balls with embedded radio transmitters to allow lost balls"
"wooden tees on their courses. According to the R&A rule book, for a tee to be legal, """"It must not be longer than 4 inches (101.6 mm) and it must not be designed or manufactured in such a way that it could indicate the line of play or influence the movement of the ball."""" The development of the tee was the last major change to the rules of golf. Before this, golf balls were teed up on little heaps of sand that were provided in boxes. This explains the historical name ""tee boxes"" for what is today known as ""teeing"
"non-tournament play. Golf balls are usually white, but are available in other high visibility colors, which helps with finding the ball when lost or when playing in low-light or frosty conditions. As well as bearing the maker's name or logo, balls are usually printed with numbers or other symbols to help players identify their ball. Today, golf balls are manufactured using a variety of different materials, offering a range of playing characteristics to suit the player's abilities and desired flight and landing behaviors. A key consideration is ""compression"", typically determined by the hardness of the ball's core layers. A harder"
"Gap wedge In the sport of golf, a gap wedge, also known as an all wedge, is a wedge used to hit a shot with higher and shorter trajectory than a pitching wedge and lower and longer trajectory than a sand wedge. The name derives from the club's design to fill the ""gap"" between sand and pitching wedges. Over time the loft angle on irons in matched sets has been reduced for multiple reasons. Manufacturers, always wanting to advertise longer distances than their competitors, sometimes ""cheat"" by de-lofting their iron sets by a degree or two compared to their competitor's"
"""feel"" and greater stopping potential. Golf balls are separated into three groups depending on their construction: two-, three-, or four-piece covers. Generally four-piece golf balls tend to be the most expensive, though price is no assurance of quality. A player usually carries several clubs during the game (but no more than fourteen, the limit defined by the rules). There are three major types of clubs, known as ""woods"", ""irons"", and ""putters"". Woods are played for long shots from the tee or fairway, and occasionally rough, while irons are for precision shots from fairways as well as from the rough. ""Wedges"""
"from, and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup (4.25 inches in diameter). There are other standard forms of terrain in between, such as the fairway, rough (long grass), bunkers (or ""sand traps""), and various hazards (water, rocks) but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement. Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual, known as stroke play, or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team, known as match play. Stroke play is the most commonly seen format"
"Golf ball A golf ball is a special ball designed to be used in the game of golf. Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than 1.620 oz (45.93 grams), has a diameter not less than 1.680 in (42.67 mm), and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits. Like golf clubs, golf balls are subject to testing and approval by the R&A (formerly part of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews) and the United States Golf Association, and those that do not conform with regulations may not be used in"
"after the previous one. The delay allowed is ten minutes after the departure of the next team. The laggard team start for last with a penalty of five shots. The equipment used consist in a classic golf club, expanded foam balls and a protection belt. Preferably sand or wedge type. The ball is made of polyurethane foam with a diameter of 7 cm and a weigh of 35g approximately. Its composition makes them harmless, allowing to play anywhere. This is held by the Caddy Girls and has a very important function which is to guarantee the safety of bathers, the"
"Nine different sized black circles were glued onto a white background. After a round of golf, forty-six golfers were asked which black circle was the size of the hole on the putting greens. The players with the overall better scores perceived the hole to be bigger than it actually is, so they chose the bigger black circles. The players with the worse scores perceived the hole as being smaller than it actually is. In the profession of athletic training there are many controversies, but none greater than the treatment and management of concussions. For many years people viewed concussions and"
"minus . These are often referred to as balls. The balls are numbered and colored as in the table. In baseball pocket billiards, the ball set is extended to 21 balls, in which the 16 ball is black and white, while balls 17 through 21 have no special design, but look exactly like balls 9 through 13, respectively, except for their numbers. Balls 1 through 7 are often referred to as and 9 through 15 as though there are many other colloquial terms for each of balls (highs and lows, etc.). Striped balls were introduced around 1889. Though it looks"
"material found in most hardware stores. The spherical ball (55 cm in diameter), made of a soft elastic, closely resembles a stability ball. The most common penalties are known as ""key violations."" Any non-goalkeeper who sets foot inside the key (at any time other than kickoff) receives a 30-second suspension from the game without a replacement. If a non-goalkeeper touches the ball while inside the key, the suspension is extended to 60 seconds. Any player who receives three key violations in one game will be suspended from the game for five minutes without a replacement. Contact violations on the field"
"a number of characteristics of the boules, including the size, weight, and hardness of the boules, as well as the striations (patterned grooves on the surface of the boules). The jack, or target ball, is a small ball made of wood, traditionally boxwood or beechwood, in diameter. In the past jacks were often left ""natural""—unfinished or with a clear finish—but nowadays they are often painted in bright colors. In French, the jack is known by a variety of names, including ""but"" (goal or target), ""cochonnet"" (piglet), ""bouchon"" (""little ball"" in provençal language, not related to the french word ""bouchon"" that"
"made with a long-shafted, large-headed wood club called a ""driver"". Shorter holes may be initiated with other clubs, such as higher-numbered woods or irons. Once the ball comes to rest, the golfer strikes it again as many times as necessary using shots that are variously known as a ""lay-up"", an ""approach"", a ""pitch"", or a ""chip"", until the ball reaches the green, where he or she then ""putts"" the ball into the hole (commonly called ""sinking the putt"" or ""holing out""). The goal of getting the ball into the hole (""holing"" the ball) in as few strokes as possible may"
"surface of new balls using either a knife or hammer and chisel, giving the guttie a textured surface. Many patterns were tried and used. These new gutties, with protruding nubs left by carving patterned paths across the ball's surface, became known as ""brambles"" due to their resemblance to bramble fruit. The next major breakthrough in golf ball development came in 1898. Coburn Haskell of Cleveland, Ohio had driven to nearby Akron, Ohio for a golf date with Bertram Work, the superintendent of the B.F. Goodrich Company. While he waited in the plant for Work, Haskell picked up some rubber thread"
"or divot tool) is used to repair a ball mark (a depression in the green where a ball has hit the ground on its approach shot). Some tees contain such a tool at the end, for pure convenience when on the green. To repair a ball mark, one pushes the tool next to the mark and pushes gently inwards from all sides, loosening the compacted turf to allow rapid regrowth of grass, and then flattens the mark with the smooth flat bottom of the putter to smooth the putting surface. Other tools exist to aid the golfer in various ways."
"contour of the fairway or ""bend"" a shot around an obstacle. ""Wedges"" are a subclass of irons with greater loft than the numbered irons (generally starting at 47°–48° of loft, above the 9-iron's 44°–45°), and other features such as high-mass club heads and wide soles that allow for easier use in tricky lies. Wedges are used for a variety of short-distance, high-altitude, high-accuracy ""utility"" shots, such as hitting the ball onto the green (""approach"" shots), placing the ball accurately on the fairway for a better shot at the green (""lay-up"" shots), or hitting the ball out of hazards or rough"
"increasing the distance the ball travels. The USGA has recently limited the spring-like effect, also known as the Coefficient of Restitution (COR) to .83 and the maximum club head size to 460cc in an attempt to maintain the challenge of the game. The word ""golf"" was first mentioned in writing in 1457 on a Scottish statute on forbidden games as ""gouf"", possibly derived from the Scots word ""goulf"" (variously spelled) meaning ""to strike or cuff"". This word may, in turn, be derived from the Dutch word ""kolf"", meaning ""bat"" or ""club"", and the Dutch sport of the same name. The"
"other mid- and high-lofted irons to add mass, which compensates for the progressively shorter shaft lengths to provide a similar feel across all the irons with a given swing. The highest-lofted irons got the most additional weight, resulting in the widest soles, giving these clubs the same eponymous wedge-shaped profile as the sand wedge. This led to the tradition of calling these high-lofted irons ""wedges"", regardless of the amount of bounce (angle of the sole to the ground) that the sole provided. Wedges, and the golfer's ""short game"", have come to be emphasized by pro players and teachers/coaches as an"
"used for summer festivals and fairs, corporate events, team-building events, and product launches. The 18th and final holes of many miniature golf courses are designed to literally capture the ball, effectively preventing the player from playing additional rounds without purchasing another game. This may be accomplished with a ""drain"" or trap-door hole setup that channels the ball to a lockbox. One popular method of theming the 18th hole in the United States is to use a gated, ramped target area depicting the face of a clown; if the ball lands ""in"" the clown's nose, a bell might sound and the"
"from Britain and the United States play an international match, with the British winning 6 matches to 1. The first dimple-pattern for golf balls is patented by William Taylor in England. ""The Complete Golfer"" by Harry Vardon is published. It promotes and demonstrates the Vardon or overlapping grip. The Toronto Golf Club hosts the Canadian Open and then again in 1909, 1914, 1921 and 1927. 1906 Goodrich introduces a golf ball with a rubber core filled with compressed air. The ""Pneu-matic"" proves quite lively, but also prone to explode in warm weather, often in a golfer's pocket. The ball is"
"to help prevent the clubhead digging into soft turf such as sand. This wide sole was added to other high-lofted irons to add mass to the clubhead (compensating for the shorter shafts) and gives wedges their name, alluding to the clubs' appearance in profile. Wedges are used for approach shots to the putting green, getting the ball out of tough situations, and to escape from hazards. They are designed to produce a high, short trajectory with a high degree of spin, all of which cuts down on the distance the ball will roll after landing. Most golfers will generally have"
"to update and modernize the Rules, media outlets considered the ruling to be a response to an incident from the 2017 ANA Inspiration tournament, where Lexi Thompson was retroactively penalized four strokes from her third round score for mis-placing a ball, as reported by a television viewer, going as far as nicknaming it the ""Lexi Thompson rule"". Rules of golf The rules of golf consist of a standard set of regulations and procedures by which the sport of golf should be played and prescribe penalties for rule infractions. They are jointly written and administered by the R&A (spun off from"
"balls are designed for the golfer whose primary need is slice or hook correction. The ""XD"" and ""XDS"" correct only 50% (as opposed to 75% correction for the ""Ultimate Straight"") and have a slightly higher trajectory, which for many golfers will provide additional distance, but not as much slice & hook correction as the ""Ultimate Straight"" balls. Officially sanctioned balls are designed to be as symmetrical as possible. This symmetry is the result of a dispute that stemmed from the original Polara, that had six rows of normal dimples on its equator but very shallow dimples elsewhere. This asymmetrical design"
"to as large as pool balls, at in. (about 57.2 mm); larger ball size requires wider pocket openings. Miniature sets also exist, for half-size home tables. There are fifteen , six (yellow, green, brown, blue, pink, and black), and one white . Usually none of the balls are numbered, though the six colour balls often are in the US, where they are easily mistaken at first glance for pool balls (the design is similar, but the numbering does not match pool's scheme). At the beginning of a frame, the balls are set up in the arrangement shown in the illustration."
"brand should be capitalized, and it should only be used in reference to a product currently manufactured by The Wiffle Ball, Inc."" In science, it is frequently used by marine biologists as a size reference in photos to measure corals and other objects. Wiffle ball Wiffle ball is a variation of the sport of baseball designed for indoor or outdoor play in confined areas. The game is played using a perforated, light-weight, resilient plastic ball and a long, typically yellow, plastic bat. Miniature versions of baseball have been played for decades, including stickball, improvised by children, using everything from rolled"
"hit from another location, generally with a penalty of one stroke. The Rules of Golf govern exactly from where the ball may be played outside a hazard. Bunkers (or sand traps) are shallow pits filled with sand and generally incorporating a raised lip or barrier, from which the ball is more difficult to play than from grass. A bunker is a depression near the green or fairway that is usually filled with sand. It is difficult to hit the ball out of the bunker and to enter it is therefore considered punitive to a golfer who misses the target with"
"for the first stroke (""tee shot"" or ""drive"") of each hole. Conventional golf tees are basically spikes with a small cup on the head to hold the ball, and are usually made of wood or plastic. Wooden tees are generally very inexpensive and quite disposable; a player may damage or break many of these during the course of a round. Plastic tees are generally more expensive but last longer. The length of tees varies according to the club intended to be used and by personal preference; longer tees (3-3.5"") allow the player to position the ball higher off the ground"
"42.67 mm and its mass may not exceed 45.93 g. Modern golf balls have a two-, three-, or four-layer design constructed from various synthetic materials. The surface usually has a pattern of 300-450 dimples designed to improve the ball's aerodynamics by reducing the ball's drag-inducing wake and allowing spin on the ball to create lift. The method of construction and materials used greatly affect the ball's playing characteristics such as distance, trajectory, spin and feel. Harder materials, such as Surlyn, usually result in the ball's traveling longer distances, while softer covers, such as urethane, tend to generate higher spin, more"