"to Charles Dickens' Mr. Pickwick and company. In chapter four of ""Cordelia Underwood"", Cordelia finds a copy of ""The Pickwick Papers"" in her uncle's trunk. Author Van Reid says that the names of the characters Ephram, Eagleton and Thump were chosen to evoke the sound of a heavy object falling downstairs. The name Tobias was consciously borrowed from the character of Uncle Toby in Laurence Sterne’s ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman""; Walton from Izaak Walton, author of ""The Compleat Angler"". Ephram, Eagleton, and Thump adhere to different political parties, go to separate churches, subscribe to different newspapers,"
"the experimental novel is Laurence Sterne's ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" (1759–1767), with its rejection of continuous narration. In it the author not only addresses readers in his preface but speaks directly to them in his fictional narrative. In addition to Sterne's narrative experiments, there has visual experiments, such as a marbled page, a black page to express sorrow, and a page of lines to show the plot lines of the book. The novel as a whole focuses on the problems of language, with constant regard to John Locke's theories in ""An Essay Concerning Human Understanding"". The"
"edited by G Saintsbury (London, 1894). The Florida Edition of Sterne's works is currently the leading scholarly edition – although the final volume (Sterne's letters) has yet to be published. Laurence Sterne Laurence Sterne (24 November 1713 – 18 March 1768) was an Irish-born English language novelist and an Anglican clergyman. He wrote the novels ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" and ""A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy"", and also published many sermons, wrote memoirs, and was involved in local politics. Sterne died in London after years of fighting tuberculosis. Sterne was born in Clonmel, County Tipperary."
"instance, are reminiscent of the works of the metaphysical poets of the 17th century, and the novel as a whole, with its focus on the problems of language, has constant regard to John Locke's theories in ""An Essay Concerning Human Understanding"". Arthur Schopenhauer cited ""Tristram Shandy"" as one of the greatest novels ever written. As its title suggests, the book is ostensibly Tristram's narration of his life story. But it is one of the central jokes of the novel that he cannot explain anything simply, that he must make explanatory diversions to add context and colour to his tale, to"
"in permanent additions to the English lexicon; within the text of ""Tristram Shandy"" Sterne describes the novel as ""Shandean,"" coining a term which still carries the meaning that Sterne originally attached to it when he wrote, ""I write a careless kind of a civil, nonsensical, good humoured ""Shandean"" book..."" Strongly influenced by Cervantes' ""Don Quixote"", Sterne's ""Tristram Shandy"" also gave rise to the term ""cervantic,"" (which Sterne at the time spelled ""cervantick""). In 1766, at the height of the debate about slavery, Ignatius Sancho wrote to Laurence Sterne encouraging the writer to use his pen to lobby for the abolition"
"write at all, much less with humour so as to make his reader laugh"". Having discovered his talent, at the age of 46, he turned over his parishes to a curate, and dedicated himself to writing for the rest of his life. It was while living in the countryside, having failed in his attempts to supplement his income as a farmer and struggling with tuberculosis, that Sterne began work on his best known novel, ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"", the first volumes of which were published in 1759. Sterne was at work on his celebrated comic novel"
"(lexicographer) sought to bring encyclopedism to the monthly periodical. A loyal subscriber, he wrote, would “be allowed to make a great Proficiency, if he can make himself Master of the useful Arts and Sciences in the Compass of Ten Years.” In Laurence Sterne's ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" (1759-1767), the title character satirically refers to his fictional autobiography as a “cyclopædia of arts and sciences."" Such ""experiments in encyclopedism"" demonstrate the widespread literary and cultural influence of the form in the 18th century. Once solely for society's elites, in the 19th and 20th centuries encyclopedias were increasingly"
"to him any hour of the day)—I'll just mention it, and begin in good earnest.The thing is this.That of all the several ways of beginning a book which are now in practice throughout the known world, I am confident my own way of doing it is the best—I'm sure it is the most religious—for I begin with writing the first sentence—and trusting to Almighty God for the second.In this scene Tristram Shandy, the eponymous character and narrator of the novel, foregrounds the process of creating literature as he interrupts his previous thought and begins to talk about the beginnings of"
"Laurence Sterne's ""Tristram Shandy"" (1759–67). At the time of its founding, the Académie française had been entrusted with the task of producing a complete dictionary of the French language. At first, Furetière participated in the collaborative project with enthusiasm, but he eventually grew frustrated with his colleagues' approach and slow progress and began work on his own dictionary, probably around 1676-78. When members of the academy heard that Furetière was about to publish his dictionary, they interfered, alleging that he had stolen their material and violated the monopoly they had held on French dictionaries since 1672. In 1685, after fierce"
"Laurence Sterne Laurence Sterne (24 November 1713 – 18 March 1768) was an Irish-born English language novelist and an Anglican clergyman. He wrote the novels ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" and ""A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy"", and also published many sermons, wrote memoirs, and was involved in local politics. Sterne died in London after years of fighting tuberculosis. Sterne was born in Clonmel, County Tipperary. His father, Roger Sterne, was an ensign in a British regiment recently returned from Dunkirk, which was disbanded on the day of Sterne's birth. Within six months the family had"
"full of errors; it was edited at Oxford in 1847. Several other works written by him of anti-Catholic controversy were published after his death. Richard Crakanthorpe Richard Crakanthorpe (1567–1624) was an English clergyman, remembered both as a logician and as a religious controversialist. His logical works still had currency in the eighteenth century, and there is an allusion in the novel ""Tristram Shandy"". As a logician he was conservative, staying close to Aristotle and the ""Organon"", and critical of the fashion for Ramism and its innovations. His ""Logicae"" was a substantial work, and was referred to by Samuel Johnson. Crakanthorpe"
"Experimental literature Experimental literature refers to written work—usually fiction or poetry—that emphasizes innovation, most especially in technique. The first text generally cited in this category is Laurence Sterne's ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" (1759). This text occurs so early in the standard history of the novel that one can't refer to its ""breaking"" conventions that had yet to solidify. But in its mockery of narrative, and its willingness to use such graphic elements as an all-black page to mourn the death of a character, Sterne's novel is considered a fundamental text for many post-World War II authors."
"contemplate some physical action that actually completes after an infinite number of discrete steps; and the interpretation of this question using set theory gives rise to the paradoxes of the supertask. Tristram Shandy, the hero of a novel by Laurence Sterne, writes his autobiography so conscientiously that it takes him one year to lay down the events of one day. If he is mortal he can never terminate; but if he lived forever then no part of his diary would remain unwritten, for to each day of his life a year devoted to that day's description would correspond. An increased"
"novel ""Tristram Shandy"". Tristram, five years old at the time, starts to urinate out of an open window for lack of a chamber pot. The sash falls and circumcises him; his family reacts with both hysteria and philosophical acceptance. Literary critics have associated black comedy and black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes. Whereas the term ""black comedy"" is a relatively broad term covering humor relating to many serious subjects, ""gallows humor"" tends to be used more specifically in relation to death, or situations that are reminiscent of dying. The black humor can occasionally be"
"a result of Walter Shandy's insistence on the podalic version of Tristram's fetus. The traumatic outcome of the birth is ultimately indicative of the hazardous nature of childbirth at the time as well as the inadequacy (sloppiness) of those at the cutting edge of the medical profession. Doctor Slop Dr Slop is a choleric physician and ""man-midwife"" in Laurence Sterne's novel ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" (1759). The doctor is summoned by Tristram Shandy's father to attend his son's imminent birth. Slop makes his first appearance in Chapter 34 of the novel, where he is described as:"
"to human character. The second book of ""De Nasis"" is said to be filled with a large number of short stories illustrative of Slawkenbergius' characterizations of noses. Only one of these stories is reproduced in ""Tristram Shandy"", partially in its (supposedly) original Latin, but primarily in English 'translation' (a comparison of the Latin and English shows the English 'translation' to be rather free; or rather, the Latin is to be regarded as a partial condensation and simplification of the English). Slawkenbergius is first referred to in Vol. III Ch. XXXV. Vol. IV opens with the relatively lengthy ""Slawkenbergius's Tale."" This"
"""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" by Laurence Sterne and ""The Lady's Dressing Room"" by Jonathan Swift are also in this genre; as is Mark Twain's long-suppressed ""1601"". Another example of ribaldry is ""De Brevitate Vitae"", a song which in many European-influenced universities is both a student beer-drinking song and an anthem sung by official university choirs at public graduation ceremonies. The private and public versions of the song contain vastly different words. More recent works like ""Candy"", ""Barbarella"", ""L'Infermiera"", the comedic works of Russ Meyer, ""Little Annie Fanny"" and John Barth's ""The Sot-Weed Factor"" are probably better"
"Foster Wallace. Italo Calvino referred to ""Tristram Shandy"" as the ""undoubted progenitor of all avant-garde novels of our century"". The Russian Formalist writer Viktor Shklovsky regarded ""Tristram Shandy"" as the archetypal, quintessential novel, of which all other novels are mere subsets: """"Tristram Shandy"" is the most typical novel of world literature."" However, the leading critical opinions of ""Tristram Shandy"" tend to be markedly polarised in their evaluations of its significance. Since the 1950s, following the lead of DW Jefferson, there are those who argue that, whatever its legacy of influence may be, ""Tristram Shandy"" in its original context actually represents"
"in Laurence Sterne's 1759 novel Tristram Shandy, that includes many episodes from the Nine Years War based on contemporary accounts; '...(the regiments of) Cutts, Mackay, Angus, Grahams and Leven were all cut to pieces and so had the English Life Guards been too, had it not been for some regiments on the right who marched boldly up to their relief and received the enemy's fire in their faces before any one of their own platoons discharged a single bullet.' The regiments of Graham, Mackay and Leven fought at Killiecrankie, that of Angus at Dunkeld where it had been commanded by"
"Swift with his ""Tristram Shandy"" (1759–1767). Tristram seeks to write his autobiography, but like Swift's narrator in ""A Tale of a Tub"", he worries that nothing in his life can be understood without understanding its context. For example, he tells the reader that at the very moment he was conceived, his mother was saying, ""Did you wind the clock?"". To clarify how he knows this, he explains that his father took care of winding the clock and ""other family business"" on one day a month. To explain why the clock had to be wound then, he has to explain his"
"Tristram Shandy is listed as one of the co-founders of The League. A short story ""Oh Most Cursed Addition Engine"" by H. S. Donnelly was published in the Canadian Science Fiction magazine ""On Spec"" #86. In it, Walter Shandy attempts to build an Addition Engine, while Toby and Corporal Trim re-enact in miniature Wellington's great victory at Vitoria. Trim was the adventurous ship's cat of the explorer Matthew Flinders, named after Corporal Trim, and a minor (yet titular) character in Bryce Courtenay's novel ""Matthew Flinders' Cat"". In the 1976 film ""The Missouri Breaks"", with Marlon Brando and Jack Nicholson, Braxton,"
"proper subsets of them), often based on Craig finding things ""unbelievable"", when they are actually mathematically correct. He also points out that the Tristram Shandy paradox is mathematically coherent, but some of Craig's conclusions about when the biography would be finished are incorrect. Ellery Eells expands on this last point by showing that the Tristram Shandy paradox is internally consistent and fully compatible with an infinite universe. Graham Oppy embroiled in debate with Oderberg, points out that the Tristram Shandy story has been used in many versions. For it to be useful to the temporal finitism side, a version must"
"of the actors to play themselves. In February 2014, a theatrical adaptation by Callum Hale was presented at the Tabard Theatre in Chiswick. ""Tristram Shandy"" has been translated into many languages, including German (repeatedly, beginning in 1769), Dutch (repeatedly, by Munnikhuisen, 1779; Lindo, 1852 and Jan & Gertrude Starink, 1990), French (repeatedly, beginning in 1785; by Guy Jouvet, 2004), Russian (repeatedly, beginning 1804-1807; by Adrian Antonovich Frankovsky, 1949), Hungarian (by Győző Határ, 1956), Italian (by Antonio Meo, 1958), Czech (by Aloys Skoumal, 1963), Spanish (by José Antonio López de Letona, 1975; Ana María Aznar, 1976 and Javier Marías, 1978), Portuguese"
"added for the sake of appearances). Slope is also called ""Obadiah"", a reference to another character in Sterne's novel. Russian writer Alexander Zhitinsky made multiple references to ""Tristram Shandy"" in his novel ""The Flying House, or Conversations with Milord"" (the ""milord"" of the title being Sterne). In ""Surprised by Joy"", C. S. Lewis refers to ""Tristram Shandy"" in the context of trying to describe his interactions with his own father: My father — but these words, at the head of a paragraph, will carry the reader's mind inevitably to Tristram Shandy. On second thoughts I am content that they should."
"fact that ""the number of days in all time is no greater than the number of years"". A historic site in Geneva, Ohio, called Shandy Hall, is part of the Western Reserve Historical Society. The home was named after the house described in ""Tristram Shandy"". The ""Perry Mason"" episode ""The Case of the Bogus Books"" involves a bookseller selling stolen copies of rare books, in particular a first edition of ""Tristram Shandy"". In Anthony Trollope's novel ""Barchester Towers"", the narrator speculates that the scheming clergyman, Mr Slope, is descended from Dr Slop in ""Tristram Shandy"" (the extra letter having been"
"Hafen Slawkenbergius Hafen Slawkenbergius is a fictional character in Laurence Sterne's ""Tristram Shandy."" Sterne gives few biographical details relating to Slawkenbergius, but states that he was German, and that he had died over 90 years prior to the writing and publication (in 1761) of the books of ""Tristram Shandy"" in which he appears — i.e., ""circa"" 1670, although Slawkenbergius' tale includes a reference to the French annexation of Strasbourg in 1681. Slawkenbergius is primarily known for his scholarly writings in Neo-Latin, particularly his lengthy monograph ""De Nasis"" (""On Noses""), purporting to explain different types of noses and their corresponding significance"
"and recounted details of Tristram's opinions, eccentric family and ill-fated childhood with a sympathetic humour, sometimes hilarious, sometimes sweetly melancholic—a comedy skirting tragedy. The publication of ""Tristram Shandy"" made Sterne famous in London and on the continent. He was delighted by the attention, famously saying ""I wrote not [to] be ""fed"" but to be ""famous."""" He spent part of each year in London, being fêted as new volumes appeared. Even after the publication of volumes three and four of ""Tristram Shandy"", his love of attention (especially as related to financial success) remained undiminished. In one letter, he wrote ""One half"
"stylistic ends"". A major influence on ""Tristram Shandy"" is Rabelais' ""Gargantua and Pantagruel"". Rabelais was by far Sterne's favourite author, and in his correspondence he made clear that he considered himself Rabelais's successor in humorous writing. One passage Sterne incorporated pertains to ""the length and goodness of the nose"". Sterne had written an earlier piece called ""A Rabelaisian Fragment"" that indicates his familiarity with the work of the French monk and doctor. Sterne was no friend of gravitas, a quality which excited his disgust. ""Tristram Shandy"" gives a ludicrous turn to solemn passages from respected authors that it incorporates, as"
"essentially be defensive. Among the casualties on the French side were Among the casualties on the Allied side were Laurence Sterne's famous picaresque novel Tristram Shandy of 1759 contains a number of references to the Nine Years' War, including the 1695 Second Siege of Namur. The character Corporal Trim refers to the Battle of Landen as follows: ""Your honour remembers with concern, said the corporal, the total rout and confusion of our camp and army at the affair of Landen; every one was left to shift for himself; and if it had not been for the regiments of Wyndham, Lumley,"
"""grave and sober account"" of Cicero's grief for the death of his daughter Tullia. His text is filled with allusions and references to the leading thinkers and writers of the 17th and 18th centuries. Pope and Swift were major influences on Sterne and ""Tristram Shandy"". Satires of Pope and Swift formed much of the humour of ""Tristram Shandy"", but Swift's sermons and Locke's ""Essay Concerning Human Understanding"" also contributed ideas and frameworks Sterne explored throughout the novel. Other major influences are Cervantes, and Montaigne's ""Essays"", as well as the significant inter-textual debt to ""The Anatomy of Melancholy"", Swift's ""Battle of"
"the Books"", and the Scriblerian collaborative work, ""The Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus"". The shade of Cervantes is present throughout Sterne's novel. The frequent references to Rocinante, the character of Uncle Toby (who resembles Don Quixote in many ways) and Sterne's own description of his characters' ""Cervantic humour"", along with the genre-defying structure of ""Tristram Shandy"", which owes much to the second part of Cervantes' novel, all demonstrate the influence of Cervantes. The novel also makes use of John Locke's theories of empiricism, or the way we assemble what we know of ourselves and our world from the ""association of ideas"""
"calligraphy, and the younger ""drunk"" monk Huaisu who also excelled at illegible cursive calligraphy. Japanese calligraphers subsequently expanded upon Chinese abstract calligraphic expression by Hitsuzendō (the way of Zen through brush), allowing their works to move past formal presentation and ""breathe with the vitality of eternal experience"". During the 18th century the Irish author Laurence Sterne included asemic lines in his novel ""The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman"" (1759), adding the graphic device to help tell the story ""in a tolerably straight line"". In the 1920s Man Ray, who was influenced by Dada, created an early work of"
"John Hall-Stevenson John Hall-Stevenson (1718–1785), in his youth known as John Hall, was an English country gentleman and writer. He is memorialised as ""Eugenius"" in Laurence Sterne's novels ""Tristram Shandy"" and ""A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy"". Hall-Stevenson was the son of Joseph Hall of Durham by his marriage to Catherine, sister and heiress of Lawson Trotter of Skelton Castle at Skelton-in-Cleveland, Yorkshire. On 16 June 1735, at the age of seventeen, he matriculated at Jesus College, Cambridge as a fellow-commoner. He quickly struck up a close and lifelong friendship with Laurence Sterne, who was five years older. They"