"2014–15 San Diego State Aztecs men's basketball team The 2014–15 San Diego State men's basketball team represented San Diego State University during the 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. This was head coach Steve Fisher's sixteenth season at San Diego State. The Aztecs played their home games at Viejas Arena. They were members in the Mountain West Conference. They finished the season 27–9, 14–4 in Mountain West play to finish in a tie for the Mountain West regular season championship. They advanced to the championship game of the Mountain West Tournament where they lost to Wyoming. They received an"
"the language of the Aztecs, it was called ""ōllamaliztli"" () or ""tlachtli"" (). In Classical Maya, it was known as ""pitz"". In modern Spanish, it is called ""juego de pelota maya"" (""Maya ballgame""), ""juego de pelota mesoamericano"" (""Mesoamerican ballgame""), or simply ""pelota maya"" (""Maya ball""). It is not known precisely when or where ōllamaliztli originated, although it is likely that the game originated earlier than 1400 BCE in the low-lying tropical zones home to the rubber tree. One candidate for the birthplace of the ballgame is the Soconusco coastal lowlands along the Pacific Ocean. Here, at Paso de la Amada,"
"ca. 1100 - 1300), the Aztecs (who claimed Toltec descent, 1168 - 1521), and all of the people they conquered (practically all of Mesoamerica, including the Zapotecs and the Mixtecs). The ancient Mayans also played a version of patolli. Anthropologist E. Adamson Hoebel (1966) says the Aztec patolli derives from the East Indian game of pachisi, but R.B. Lewis of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Illinois (1988) says that the two games were independently developed and that the similarity between them is merely due to the limitations of a board game. Patolli is a race/war game with"
"the oldest archaeological evidence for a game in the Americas. Dice games were popular throughout the Americas. Patolli was one of the most popular board games played by mesoamerican peoples such as the Mayans, Toltecs and Aztecs, it was a race game played with beans or dice on square and oval-shaped boards and gambling was a key aspect of it. The Andean peoples also played a dice game which is called by the Quechua word ""pichca"" or ""pisca"". One of the oldest known ball games in history is the Mesoamerican ballgame (""Ōllamaliztli"" in Nahuatl). ""Ōllamaliztli"" was played as far back"
"similar age have been found in Tlatilco or Tlapacoya, it is possible that the ballgame was indeed played in these areas, but on courts with perishable boundaries or temporary court markers. By 300 BCE, evidence for ōllamaliztli appears throughout much of the Mesoamerican archaeological record, including ballcourts in the Central Chiapas Valley (the next oldest ballcourts discovered, after Paso de la Amada), and in the Oaxaca Valley, as well as ceramic ballgame tableaus from Western Mexico (see photo below As might be expected with a game played over such a long period of time by many cultures, details varied over"
"served purposes beyond that of a mere sporting event. Fray Juan de Torquemada, a 16th-century Spanish missionary and historian, tells that the Aztec emperor Axayacatl played Xihuitlemoc, the leader of Xochimilco, wagering his annual income against several Xochimilco chinampas. Ixtlilxochitl, a contemporary of Torquemada, relates that Topiltzin, the Toltec king, played against three rivals, with the winner ruling over the losers. These examples and others are cited by many researchers who have made compelling arguments that ōllamaliztli served as a way to defuse or resolve conflicts without genuine warfare, to settle disputes through a ballgame instead of a battle. Over"
"Patolli Patolli () or patole () is one of the oldest known games in America. It was a game of strategy and luck, played by commoners and nobles alike. It was reported by the conquistadors that Montezuma often enjoyed watching his nobles play the game at court. Patolli or variants of it was played by a wide range of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures and known all over Mesoamerica: the Teotihuacanos (the builders of Teotihuacan, ca. 200 BC - 650 AD) played it as well as the Toltecs (ca. 750 - 1000), the inhabitants of Chichen Itza (founded by refugee Toltec nobles,"
"helmets and tapes among other elements. In Dainzú are represented two types of ballgame; one corresponds to images of older reliefs, gloves are used to catching, hitting or throwing the ball; the other was played at a later time in the I-shaped ballgame courts, the ball was stroked or launched with the hips. This latest version of the game is known with the name of olomaliztli. Dainzú Dainzú is a Zapotec archaeological site located in the eastern side of the Valles Centrales de Oaxaca, about 20 km south-east of the city of Oaxaca, Oaxaca State, Mexico. It is an ancient"
"Ulama (game) Ulama () is a ball game played in a few communities in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. Descended from the Aztec version of the Mesoamerican ballgame, the game is one of the oldest continuously played sports in the world and is notable for the fact that it is the oldest known game using a rubber ball. The word ""ulama"" comes from the Nahuatl word ""ōllamaliztli"" a combination of ""ōllamas"" (playing of a game with a ball) and ""ōllei"" (rubber). ""Ōllamaliztli"" was the Aztec name for the Mesoamerican ballgame, whose roots extended back to at least the 2nd millennium"
"Tikal that were under Teotihuacano influence. Despite the lack of a ballcourt, ball games were not unknown there. The murals of the Tepantitla compound at Teotihuacan show a number of small scenes that seem to portray various types of ball games, including: It has been hypothesized that, for reasons as yet unknown, the stick-game eclipsed the hip-ball game at Teotihuacan and at Teotihuacan-influenced cities, and only after the fall of Teotihuacan did the hip-game reassert itself. The Aztec version of the ballgame is called ""ōllamalitzli"" (sometimes spelled ""ullamaliztli"") and are derived from the word ""ōlli"" ""rubber"" and the verb ""ōllama"""
"or ""to play ball"". The ball itself was called ""ōllamaloni"" and the ballcourt was called a ""tlachtli"" . In the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan the largest ballcourt was called ""Teotlachco"" (""in the holy ballcourt"")—here several important rituals would take place on the festivals of the month Panquetzalitzli, including the sacrifice of four war captives to the honor of Huitzilopochtli and his herald PaInal. For the Aztecs the playing of the ballgame also had religious significance, but where the 16th-century K´iche´ Maya saw the game as a battle between the lords of the underworld and their earthly adversaries, their Aztec contemporaries may"
"open. He also reported that players were even killed when the ball ""hit them in the mouth or the stomach or the intestines"". The rules of ōllamaliztli, regardless of the version, are not known in any detail. In modern-day ""ulama"", the game resembles a netless volleyball, with each team confined to one half of the court. In the most widespread version of ""ulama"", the ball is hit back and forth using only the hips until one team fails to return it or the ball leaves the court. In the Postclassic period, the Maya began placing vertical stone rings on each"
"or stick-ball game was probably slightly larger and heavier than a modern-day baseball. Some Maya depictions, such as the painting above or , show balls or more in diameter. Academic consensus is that these depictions are exaggerations or symbolic, as are, for example, the impossibly unwieldy headdresses worn in the same portrayals. Ōllamaliztli was played within a large masonry structure. Built in a form that changed remarkably little during 2700 years, over 1300 Mesoamerican ballcourts have been identified, 60% in the last 20 years alone. Although there is a tremendous variation in size, in general all ballcourts have the same"
"have seen it as a battle of the sun, personified by Huitzilopochtli, against the forces of night, led by the moon and the stars, and represented by the goddess Coyolxauhqui and Coatlicue's sons the 400 Huitznahuah. But apart from holding important ritual and mythical meaning, the ballgame for the Aztecs was a sport and a pastime played for fun, although in general the Aztec game was a prerogative of the nobles. Young Aztecs would be taught ballplaying in the calmecac school—and those who were most proficient might become so famous that they could play professionally. Games would frequently be staged"
"nearby Olmec site of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán have also uncovered a number of ballplayer figurines, radiocarbon-dated as far back as 1250–1150 BCE. A rudimentary ballcourt, dated to a later occupation at San Lorenzo, 600–400 BCE, has also been identified. From the tropical lowlands, ōllamaliztli apparently moved into central Mexico. Starting around 1000 BCE or earlier, ballplayer figurines were interred with burials at Tlatilco and similarly styled figurines from the same period have been found at the nearby Tlapacoya site. It was about this period, as well, that the so-called Xochipala-style ballplayer figurines were crafted in Guerrero. Although no ballcourts of"
"balls and the highest scorer wins. ""Olazabalgo bolo jokoa"", the game from Olazabal, a borough of the town of Dima. The game also known as ""Olazabalgo zazpi boloen jokoa"" (called ""juego de siete bolos de Olazabal"" in Spanish) - ""the seven pin game from Olazabal"". There is only one known ""bolatoki"" for this variant. The rules and setup resembles those of ""munadun erremontea"" somewhat and it geographically played within the same area, suggesting it may well be a variant that developed from ""munadun erremontea"". This dirt ""bolatoki"" is outdoors, set under trees in a park. The balls used have finger"
"Rithmomachy Rithmomachy (or Rithmomachia, also Arithmomachia, Rythmomachy, Rhythmomachy, or sundry other variants; sometimes known as The Philosophers' Game) is a highly complex, early European mathematical board game. The earliest known description of it dates from the eleventh century. A literal translation of the name is ""The Battle of the Numbers"". The game is much like chess, except most methods of capture depend on the numbers inscribed on each piece. It has been argued that between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries, ""rithmomachia served as a practical exemplar for teaching the contemplative values of Boethian mathematical philosophy, which emphasized the natural harmony"
"Aztec Challenge Aztec Challenge refers to either of two early arcade-style computer games published by COSMI, as well as two subsequent remakes. In all game versions the player takes control of a running Aztec warrior. The first was a side-scrolling platform-jumping game created by Robert Tegel Bonifacio and released in 1982 for the Atari 8-bit family. Subsequently a different game with the same title and overall theme was created by Paul Norman and released for the Commodore 64. It included a level in a modified-first-person 3D-style. The original version of the game on the Atari 8-bit computers presented itself as"
"or relief from ... misery"". No indigenous name for the game has been preserved. The Spanish referred to it as ""el juego de la pelota"", ""the ballgame."" The game involved kicking a small, hard ball against a single goalpost. The same game was also played by the western Timucua, and was as significant among them as it was among the Apalachee. A related but distinct game was played by the eastern Timucua; René Goulaine de Laudonnière recorded seeing this played by the Saturiwa of what is now Jacksonville, Florida in 1564. Goalposts similar to those used by the Apalachee were"
"to be involved ""in the things of god""; there are paintings of women presiding over religious ceremonies, but there are no references to female priests. There were also two other opportunities for those few who had talent. Some were chosen for the house of song and dance, and others were chosen for the ball game. Both occupations had high status. Recreation came in different forms in Aztec society. Ullamaliztli, the ball game, was a large part of the indigenous society and had ritual aspects. Dance, however could be used in many different ways such as entertainment, religion or politics. In"
"balls. In 1528, soon after the Spanish conquest, Cortés sent a troupe of ""ōllamanime"" (ballplayers) to Spain to perform for Charles V where they were drawn by the German Christoph Weiditz. Besides the fascination with their exotic visitors, the Europeans were amazed by the bouncing rubber balls. Ballcourts, monuments with ballgame imagery and ballgame paraphernalia have been excavated at sites along the Pacific coast of Guatemala and El Salvador including the Cotzumalhuapa nuclear zone sites of Bilbao and El Baúl and sites right at the southeast periphery of the Mesoamerican region such as Quelepa. Batey, a ball game played on"
"Aztaka Aztaka is a PC 2D side-scrolling action role-playing video game for Microsoft Windows and OS X developed by Canadian independent game developer Citérémis. The game is set in the Aztec period, with characters and story being re-interpretations of Aztec mythology and pre-Hispanic Mexican culture. It puts the player in the role of an Aztec warrior named ""Huitzilo"" who must gather seven phonographs to save his civilization from its angry gods. The gameplay is reminiscent of an old-school action role-playing game. The player climbs, crawls and jumps his way around a level to explore it and find new items. Experience"
"archaeologists have found the oldest ballcourt yet discovered, dated to approximately 1400 BCE. The other major candidate is the Olmec heartland, across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec along the Gulf Coast. The Aztecs referred to their Postclassic contemporaries who then inhabited the region as the ""Olmeca"" (i.e. ""rubber people"") since the region was strongly identified with latex production. The earliest-known rubber balls come from the sacrificial bog at El Manatí, an early Olmec-associated site located in the hinterland of the Coatzacoalcos River drainage system. Villagers, and subsequently archaeologists, have recovered a dozen balls ranging in diameter from 10 to 22 cm"
"game. Canadian oral histories describe a traditional stick-and-ball game played by the Mi'kmaq, and Silas Tertius Rand (in his 1894 ""Legends of the Micmacs"") describes a Mi'kmaq ball game known as ""tooadijik"". Rand also describes a game played (probably after European contact) with hurleys, known as ""wolchamaadijik"". Sticks made by the Mi'kmaq were used by the British for their games. Early 19th-century paintings depict shinney (or ""shinny""), an early form of hockey with no standard rules which was played in Nova Scotia. Many of these early games absorbed the physical aggression of what the Onondaga called ""dehuntshigwa'es"" (lacrosse). Shinney was"
"the Greeks called ostomachion""). The Ostomachion which he describes was a puzzle similar to tangrams and was played perhaps by several persons with pieces made of bone. It is not known which is older, Archimedes' geometrical investigation of the figure, or the game. Victorinus, Bassus Ennodius and Lucretius have talked about the game too. The game is a 14-piece dissection puzzle forming a square. One form of play to which classical texts attest is the creation of different objects, animals, plants etc. by rearranging the pieces: an elephant, a tree, a barking dog, a ship, a sword, a tower etc."
"Rithmomachy rivalled chess for popularity in Europe. The game virtually disappeared from the 17th century until the late 19th and early 20th century, when it was rediscovered by historians. Rithmomachy Rithmomachy (or Rithmomachia, also Arithmomachia, Rythmomachy, Rhythmomachy, or sundry other variants; sometimes known as The Philosophers' Game) is a highly complex, early European mathematical board game. The earliest known description of it dates from the eleventh century. A literal translation of the name is ""The Battle of the Numbers"". The game is much like chess, except most methods of capture depend on the numbers inscribed on each piece. It has"
"San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán site near the coast in southeast Veracruz. They were the first Mesoamerican civilization and laid many of the foundations for the civilizations that followed. Among other ""firsts"", there is evidence that the Olmec practiced ritual bloodletting and played the Mesoamerican ballgame, hallmarks of nearly all subsequent Mesoamerican societies. El Manatí is located at the foot of Cerro Manatí, some 15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of the major Olmec center of San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán. It is notable among Olmec sites for the absence of contemporaneous local ceremonial or domestic architecture. Archaeologists have identified three separate phases of deposits"
"and then shape it into a ball: this required high heat or vulcanization. El Manatí El Manatí is an archaeological site located approximately 60 km south of Coatzacoalcos, in the municipality of Hidalgotitlán 27 kilometers southeast of Minatitlan in the Mexican state of Veracruz. El Manatí was the site of a sacred Olmec sacrificial bog from roughly 1600 BCE until 1200 BCE. It is likely that this site was used for ritual ceremonies which included offerings of wooden sculptures, rubber balls, ceremonial axes, and other items, including the bones of infants – all found in an excellent state of preservation"
"40,000 owners which would indicate at least a covering of the expenses. Aztaka Aztaka is a PC 2D side-scrolling action role-playing video game for Microsoft Windows and OS X developed by Canadian independent game developer Citérémis. The game is set in the Aztec period, with characters and story being re-interpretations of Aztec mythology and pre-Hispanic Mexican culture. It puts the player in the role of an Aztec warrior named ""Huitzilo"" who must gather seven phonographs to save his civilization from its angry gods. The gameplay is reminiscent of an old-school action role-playing game. The player climbs, crawls and jumps his"
"is known about the game's symbolic contents. Several themes recur in scholarly writing. According to an important Nahua source, the Leyenda de los Soles, the Toltec king Huemac played ball against the Tlalocs, with precious stones and quetzal feathers at stake. Huemac won the game. When instead of precious stones and feathers, the rain deities offered Huemac their young maize ears and maize leaves, Huemac refused. As a consequence of this vanity, the Toltecs suffered a four-year drought. The same ball game match, with its unfortunate aftermath, signified the beginning of the end of the Toltec reign. The Maya Twin"
"in this outcome, however, and for those that did it is surmised that these participants were often notable captives. An alternative theory is that it was the captain of the winning team who lost his head, but there is little evidence that this was the case. Still, it is acknowledged that in Mesoamerican culture to be sacrificed was to be honored with feeding the gods. Tula, the former Toltec capital, has a well-preserved ""tzompantli"" inscription on its ball court. The association with ball courts is also reflected in the ""Popol Vuh"", the famous religious, mythological and cultural account of the"
"Game of the Amazons The Game of the Amazons (in Spanish, ""El Juego de las Amazonas;"" often called Amazons for short) is a two-player abstract strategy game invented in 1988 by Walter Zamkauskas of Argentina. It is a member of the territorial game family, a distant relative of Go and chess. ""El Juego de las Amazonas"" (The Game of the Amazons) is a trademark of Ediciones de Mente. The Game of the Amazons is played on a 10x10 chessboard (or an international checkerboard). Some players prefer to use a monochromatic board. The two players are White and Black; each player"
"Aztec (video game) Aztec is an action-adventure game, created by Paul Stephenson for the Apple II and published by Datamost in 1982. It was later ported to the Atari 8-bit family and the Commodore 64. ""Aztec"" is a platform adventure game in which the player enters and explores the recently discovered ""Tomb of Quetzalcoatl"" in search of a gold idol. The tomb's many levels are filled with traps, dangerous animals, Aztec guards and other hazards. Equipped with a machete, a pistol and sticks of dynamite, the player must recover the jade idol and escape the tomb. The player encounters snakes"