"movement. In 1915, Strauss requested that a piccolo heckelphone in E be built for use in his composition ""Eine Alpensinfonie"". Named the terz-heckelphon, Strauss ultimately did not score for it, though a handful were built. Unfortunately, the piccolo heckelphone never became popular, for a number of reasons. Its esoteric name likely did not help matters. Furthermore, with the trend toward economical orchestration following the excesses of the Romantic period, massive sonorities and (by extension) instruments capable of cutting through quadruple wind sections became much less necessary. Finally, the instrument was only ever produced in extremely small numbers, with the last"
"Piccolo oboe The piccolo oboe, also known as the piccoloboe and historically called an oboe musette (or just musette), is the smallest and highest pitched member of the oboe family. Pitched in E or F above the regular oboe (i.e. notated a minor third or perfect fourth lower than sounding), the piccolo oboe is a sopranino version of the oboe, comparable to the E clarinet. Piccolo oboes are produced by the French makers F. Lorée (pitched in F) and Marigaux (pitched in Eb), as well as the Italian firm Fratelli Patricola (pitched in E-flat). Lorée calls its instrument ""piccolo oboe"
"Violino piccolo The violino piccolo (also called the ""Diskantgeige"", ""Terzgeige"", ""Quartgeige"" or ""Violino alla francese"") is a stringed instrument of the baroque period. Most examples are similar to a child's size violin in size, and are tuned a minor third (B–F–C–G) or a fourth higher (C–G–D–A). Probably the most famous work featuring violino piccolo is the first Brandenburg Concerto of Johann Sebastian Bach. The best-known violino piccolo is the Brothers Amati example in the National Music Museum, in Vermillion, South Dakota. By modern measurements, the body is size, the neck size, and the head corresponds to that of a size"
"Scherzo Furioso by William Blezard, Tasmanian Ants by Ian Keith Harris, Iberian Improvisations and Bailables by Leonard Salzedo, Variations on a Sicilian Shepherd Tune by Clive Strutt. Two concerti have been written featuring the piccolo oboe in addition to the other four members of the oboe family, these works being David Stock's ""Oborama"" and James Stephenson's ""Rituals and Dances,"" both written for Alex Klein. Piccolo oboe The piccolo oboe, also known as the piccoloboe and historically called an oboe musette (or just musette), is the smallest and highest pitched member of the oboe family. Pitched in E or F above"
"was also called the ""flautino"" , ""flauto piccolo"", and ""flautino piccolo"", and is sometimes spelled ""zufolo"". Known as the Picco pipe and marketed as a toy until early in the 20th century, the instrument was popularized in London in 1856, either as a toy by a blind Italian musician named Picco , or by a blind Sardinian player at Covent Garden . The zuffolo is the smallest form of ducted-flue tabor pipe or flute-a-bec, at 3½"" long, with the windway taking up 1½"". It has only three holes: two in front and a dorsal thumb hole. It has the same"
"flauto piccolo by a flauto traverso. The cantata in six movements is scored for three vocal soloists (alto, tenor and bass), a four-part choir, trumpet, flauto piccolo (descant recorder in D), two oboes d'amore, two violins, viola and continuo. The cantata begins in B minor, illustrating sorrow, but in movement 4 shifts to the relative major key of D major, illustrating the theme of consolation in Ziegler's text. The opening chorus has an unusual structure, which includes an arioso passage for the bass voice. All instruments except the trumpet play a ritornello, after which a choral fugue pictures the weeping"
"reduction or doing a reduction from the full score), so that they can develop their interpretation. Piano The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers. It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings. The word piano is a shortened form of ""pianoforte"", the Italian term for the early"
"the instrument is a prototype built for Italian flautist Roberto Fabbriciani by Francesco Romei, a Florentine craftsman. Members of the western concert flute family The western concert flute family has a wide range of instruments. The piccolo is the highest-pitched member of the flute family, with a range an octave above that of the concert flute. It is usually the highest-pitched instrument within orchestras and bands. The piccolo has a stereotype for being difficult to play in tune; its small size makes it difficult to construct an evenly tuned scale. The treble flute is pitched in the key of G,"
"Piano The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers. It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings. The word piano is a shortened form of ""pianoforte"", the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from ""gravicembalo col piano e forte"" and"
"the E and D clarinets as well (piccolo merely meaning ""small"" in Italian). This designation is less common today, with the E and D instruments more usually designated soprano clarinets. The term ""piccolo clarinet"" is used by some recent music software (e.g., Finale) for the A clarinet. The A clarinet is pitched a minor seventh higher than the B clarinet. Its lowest note, E, sounds as concert middle C, the same as many concert flutes. Clarinets pitched in A appeared frequently in European wind bands, particularly in Spain and Italy, at least through the middle of the 20th century, and"
"Piccolo bass A piccolo bass is either an electric bass guitar or acoustic double bass which has been tuned to a higher range, usually one octave higher than conventional bass tuning. This allows bass players to use higher registers during soloing while retaining a familiar scale length and string spacing. In the early 1970s, Ron Carter and Stanley Clarke were independently exploring the possibilities of stringing their instruments in a higher, or piccolo, tuning. The earliest recording of Carter playing his piccolo bass is on the 1973 album ""Blues Farm"". The acoustic piccolo bass is constructed in the same way"
"and brilliance to the overall sound because of the aforementioned one-octave transposition upwards. In concert band settings, the piccolo is almost always used and a piccolo part is almost always available. Historically, the piccolo had no keys, and should not be confused with the fife, which has a smaller bore and is therefore more strident. The piccolo is used in conjunction with marching drums in traditional formations at the Carnival of Basel, Switzerland. It is a myth that one of the earliest pieces to use the piccolo was Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, premiered in December"
"necessary. In modern performances of older works that specifically call for the violino piccolo, it is common for a woodwind instrument capable of playing in its range, such as an oboe, to be substituted. Violins of similar tuning have been built in modern times (specifically the soprano violin of the new violin family) but have not yet been accepted as standard. Violino piccolo The violino piccolo (also called the ""Diskantgeige"", ""Terzgeige"", ""Quartgeige"" or ""Violino alla francese"") is a stringed instrument of the baroque period. Most examples are similar to a child's size violin in size, and are tuned a minor"
"Violin The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family. Most violins have a hollow wooden body. It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use. Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused. The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden"
"often available with a variety of options similar to the flute, such as the split-E mechanism. Most piccolos have a conical body with a cylindrical head, which is like the Baroque flute and later flutes before the popularization of the Boehm bore used in modern flutes. Unlike other woodwind instruments, in most wooden piccolos, the tenon joint that connects the head to the body has two interference fit points that surround both the cork and metal side of the piccolo body joint. There are a number of pieces for piccolo alone, by such composers as Samuel Adler, Miguel del Aguila,"
"""die kleinen gar zu starck und laut schreien""—""the small ones scream so"" (; ). The sopranino in G is most probably the instrument Claudio Monteverdi calls for in ""L'Orfeo"" (1607), by the name ""flautino alla vigesima seconda"" (little flute at the third octave) . In 18th-century England, the sizes of recorder smaller than the treble in F (which was called simply ""flute"") were named according to their interval above it, and often were notated as transposing instruments. The descant (or soprano) on C was called a ""fifth flute"", the instrument a whole tone higher still was the ""sixth flute"" (on"
"Violone The term violone (; literally ""large viol"" in Italian, ""-one"" being the augmentative suffix) can refer to several distinct large, bowed musical instruments which belong to either the viol or violin family. The violone is sometimes a fretted instrument, and may have six, five, four, or even only three strings. The violone is also not always a contrabass instrument. In modern parlance, one usually tries to clarify the 'type' of violone by adding a qualifier based on the tuning (such as ""G violone"" or ""D violone"") or on geography (such as ""Viennese violone""), or by using other terms that"
"piccolo, 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, timpani, triangle and strings. It takes about 22 minutes to play. The theme is introduced ""Lento e molto tranquillo"" in C major, then proceeds through 27 variations in various tempi, ending in an ingenious fugal finale ""Allegro maestoso"". The work remains in C major until Variation 17, moving into D major for Variation 18, B major for Variation 19, B minor for Variations 20–24, G major for Variations 25 and 26, before returning to C major for the final variation and the finale. It is"
"Positive organ A positive organ (also positiv organ, positif organ, portable organ, chair organ, or simply positive, positiv, positif, or chair) (from the Latin verb ""ponere"", ""to place"") is a small, usually one-manual, pipe organ that is built to be more or less mobile. It was common in sacred and secular music between the 10th and the 18th centuries, in chapels and small churches, as a chamber organ and for the basso continuo in ensemble works. The smallest common kind of positive, hardly higher than the keyboard, is called chest or box organ and is especially popular nowadays for basso"
"Ripieno The ripieno (, Italian for ""stuffing"" or ""padding"") is the bulk of instrumental parts of a musical ensemble who do not play as soloists, especially in Baroque music. These are the players who would play in sections marked ""tutti"", as opposed to soloist sections. It is most commonly used in reference to instrumental music, although it can also be used in choral music. An individual member of the ripieno is called a ripienista. In the concerto grosso, it refers to the larger of the two ensembles as opposed to the group of soloists called the ""concertino"". In a ripieno"
"Kit violin The kit violin, dancing master's kit, or kit, is a stringed instrument. It is essentially a very small violin, designed to fit in a pocket – hence its other common name, the pochette (French for ""small pocket""). It was used by dance masters in royal courts and other places of nobility, as well as by street musicians until around the 18th century. Occasionally, the rebec was used in the same way. Several are called for (as ""violini piccoli alla francese"" – small French violins) in Monteverdi's 1607 ""Orfeo"". The word ""kit"" probably arose from an abbreviation of the"
"century it would appear that ""tiorba"" had taken preference – reflected in modern practice, helping to distinguish the theorbo now from very different instruments like the ""chitarrone moderno"" or ""guitarrón"". Similar adaptations to smaller lutes (c.55+ cm string length) also produced the ""arciliuto"" (archlute), ""liuto attiorbato"", and ""tiorbino"", which were differently tuned instruments to accommodate a new repertoire of small ensemble or solo works. In the performance of basso continuo, theorboes were often paired with a small pipe organ. The most prominent early composers and players in Italy were Giovanni Girolamo Kapsperger and Alessandro Piccinini. Giuliano Paratico was another early"
"mixture stop. Ripieno The ripieno (, Italian for ""stuffing"" or ""padding"") is the bulk of instrumental parts of a musical ensemble who do not play as soloists, especially in Baroque music. These are the players who would play in sections marked ""tutti"", as opposed to soloist sections. It is most commonly used in reference to instrumental music, although it can also be used in choral music. An individual member of the ripieno is called a ripienista. In the concerto grosso, it refers to the larger of the two ensembles as opposed to the group of soloists called the ""concertino"". In"
"Picciola serenata Picciola serenata (little serenade) in B-flat major is a serenade written by Italian composer Antonio Salieri scored for five instruments: 2 oboes, 2 horns and 1 bassoon. The piece was composed in 1778 and consists of four movements. Salieri wrote Picciola Serenata in B-flat major in 1778. The piece was written at the beginning of his Italian tour, and shortly after he had been appointed the director of the Italian opera in 1774. Salieris success as a composer was approaching its peak, as his music quietly faded in popularity into the beginning of the 1800s. It wasn't until"
"in the piccolo trumpet repertoire and to discover new baroque works, doing original transcriptions. Maurice André further developed the modern piccolo repertoire, playing the instrument for 50 years. The sound production technique is basically the same as that used on the larger B trumpet. Air pressure and tonguing are different, and players use a shallower mouthpiece for the piccolo trumpet. Almost all piccolo trumpets have four valves instead of three — the fourth valve usually lowers the pitch by a fourth. This extends the low range and provides alternate fingerings and improved intonation for some notes. The piccolo trumpet solo"
"These techniques include legato-style bowing (a smooth, connected, sustained sound suitable for melodies), collé, and a variety of bowings which produce shorter notes, including ricochet, sautillé, martelé, spiccato, and staccato. A note marked ""pizz."" (abbreviation for ""pizzicato"") in the written music is to be played by plucking the string with a finger of the right hand rather than by bowing. (The index finger is most commonly used here.) Sometimes in orchestra parts or virtuoso solo music where the bow hand is occupied (or for show-off effect), ""left-hand pizzicato"" will be indicated by a + (plus sign) below or above the"
"a cadenza in the first oboe all centered around the V chord of F major. After which, the piece returns to the opening material of the movement, ending in B flat major. Cited sources Scores Video performances I. Allegretto II. Larghetto III. Minuetto - Allegro non troppo IV. Presto Picciola serenata Picciola serenata (little serenade) in B-flat major is a serenade written by Italian composer Antonio Salieri scored for five instruments: 2 oboes, 2 horns and 1 bassoon. The piece was composed in 1778 and consists of four movements. Salieri wrote Picciola Serenata in B-flat major in 1778. The piece"
"Da capo Da capo (; ) is an Italian musical term that means ""from the beginning"" (literally, ""from the head""). It is often abbreviated as D.C. The term is a directive to repeat the previous part of music, often used to save space, and thus is an easier way of saying to repeat the music from the beginning. In small pieces, this might be the same thing as a repeat. But in larger works, D.C. might occur after one or more repeats of small sections, indicating a return to the very beginning. The resulting structure of the piece is generally"
"Spiccato Spiccato is a bowing technique for string instruments in which the bow appears to bounce lightly upon the string. The term comes from the past participle of the Italian verb ""spiccare"", meaning ""to separate"". The terms ""martelé"", ""saltando"", and ""sautillé"" describe similar techniques. In typically consistent rhythms (of quavers or semiquavers, or quicker repeated sounds), the bow is held in a more relaxed manner and allowed to bounce, resulting in a series of short, distinct notes. This occurs because of the elasticity of the string and the natural springiness of the bow. The ability to create the effect is"
"C. In the early 20th century, piccolos were manufactured in D as they were an earlier model of the modern piccolo. It was for this D piccolo that John Philip Sousa wrote the famous solo in the final repeat of the closing section (trio) of his march ""The Stars and Stripes Forever"". In the orchestral setting, the piccolo player is often designated as ""piccolo/flute III"", or even ""assistant principal"". The larger orchestras have designated this position as a solo position due to the demands of the literature. Piccolos are often orchestrated to double the violins or the flutes, adding sparkle"
"a ""violoncello"" (often abbreviated ""cello"") is a ""small violone"" (or literally, a ""small big viola""). (The ""violone"" is not part of the modern violin family; its place is taken by the modern double bass, an instrument with a mix of violin and viol characteristics.) The instruments of the violin family may be descended in part from the lira da braccio and the medieval Byzantine lira. The playing ranges of the instruments in the violin family overlap each other, but the tone quality and physical size of each distinguishes them from one another. The ranges are as follows: violin: G to"
"Glass. While Edward Elgar may not be considered a modern composer, his romantic ""Introduction and Allegro"" strongly resembled the instrumentation setup of a concerto grosso. A concertino, literally ""little ensemble"", is the group of soloists in a concerto grosso. This is opposed to the ripieno and tutti which is the larger group contrasting with the concertino. Though the concertino is the smaller of the two groups, its material is generally more virtuosic than that of the ripieno. Further, the concertino does not share thematic material with the ripieno, but presents unique ideas. This contrast of small group to large group"
"Piccolo trumpet The smallest of the trumpet family is the piccolo trumpet, pitched one octave higher than the standard B trumpet. Most piccolo trumpets are built to play in either B or A, using a separate leadpipe for each key. The tubing in the B piccolo trumpet is one-half the length of that in a standard B trumpet. Piccolo trumpets in G, F, and even high C are also manufactured, but are rarer. The piccolo trumpet should not be confused with the pocket trumpet, which plays in the same pitch as the regular B trumpet. The piccolo trumpet in B"