"term, despite his being the most 'dynamic' leader until Jacques Delors. Hallstein's work did position the Commission as a substantial power. The presidents were involved in the major political projects of the day in the 1970s, such as the European Monetary Union. In 1970, President Jean Rey secured the Community's own financial resources and in 1977, President Roy Jenkins became the first Commission President to attend a G7 summit on behalf of the Community. However, owing to problems such as the 1973 oil crisis and the 1979 energy crisis, economic hardship reduced the priority of European integration, with only the"
"Henry Plumb, Baron Plumb Charles Henry Plumb, Baron Plumb, , known as Henry, (born 27 March 1925) is a British farmer who went into politics as a leader of the National Farmers Union. He later became active in the Conservative Party and was elected as a Member of the European Parliament. He served as an MEP from 1979 to 1999, serving as President of the European Parliament from 1987 to 1989, the first and only Briton to hold the post. Plumb's family were from Cheshire and had been in farming for several generations. His father farmed at Coleshill in Warwickshire,"
"by the leftward swing of the Labour Party, he chose to leave British politics in 1976; the following year he was appointed President of the European Commission, serving until 1981. He was the first British holder of this office, and is likely to be the only such (considering the United Kingdom's decision in June 2016 to leave the European Union). He returned to British politics in 1981; still dismayed with the Labour Party's leftward swing under Michael Foot, he was one of the ""Gang of Four""—centrist Labour MPs who formed the Social Democratic Party (SDP). In 1982, Jenkins won a"
"The colour of the row indicates the approximate political leaning of the office holder using the following scheme: Jenkins Commission (EU) The Jenkins Commission was the European Commission that held office from 6 January 1977 to 6 January 1981. Its President was Roy Jenkins. It was the successor to the Ortoli Commission and was succeeded by the Thorn Commission. Despite stagnating growth and a higher energy bill, the Jenkins Commission oversaw the development of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union from 1977, which began in 1979 as the European Monetary System, a forerunner of the Single Currency"
"years. He resigned from the House of Commons in 1995 to become a European Commissioner. He went on to become the Vice-President of the European Commission under Romano Prodi from 1999-2004. Until the summer of 2009, he was also the Chairman of the British Council and the President of Cardiff University. Kinnock, an only child, was born in Tredegar, Wales. His father, Gordon Herbert Kinnock was a former coal miner who suffered from dermatitis and later worked as a labourer; and his mother Mary Kinnock (née Howells) was a district nurse. Gordon died of a heart attack in November 1971"
"rewarded for successfully leading the campaign for Britain to remain a member of the European Communities when two years later he became the first and to date only British politician to hold the post of President of the European Commission, which he held for four years from 1977-81. The result strengthened Harold Wilson's tactical position, by securing a further post-election public expression of support for his policies. According to Cook and Francis (1979), ‘The left of his party had been appeased by the holding of a referendum, the right by its result’. Following the result, the Labour Party and British"
"Birmingham Stechford Labour MP, Roy Jenkins, was appointed President of the European Commission, and Davis was selected as the Labour candidate in the by-election. He lost by 1,949 votes to the Conservative Andrew MacKay, but at the 1979 general election, he won the seat with a majority of 1,649. The Stechford constituency was abolished in boundary changes for the 1983 general election, and Davis was re-elected in the successor constituency of Birmingham Hodge Hill. He held that seat until his retirement from the House of Commons 21 years later. In 2004 he was elected Secretary General of the Council of"
"Thorn Commission The Thorn Commission was the European Commission that held office from 6 January 1981 until 5 January 1985. Its President was Gaston Thorn. It was the successor to the Jenkins Commission and was succeeded by the Delors Commission. With a current economic crisis, it had to speed up enlargement to Greece, Spain and Portugal while making steps towards the Single European Act in 1985. However, with a period of ""eurosclerosis"", due to economic problems and British vetoing over the Community budget, Thorn was unable to exert his influence to any significant extent. The colour of the row indicates"
"the approximate political leaning of the office holder using the following scheme: Thorn Commission The Thorn Commission was the European Commission that held office from 6 January 1981 until 5 January 1985. Its President was Gaston Thorn. It was the successor to the Jenkins Commission and was succeeded by the Delors Commission. With a current economic crisis, it had to speed up enlargement to Greece, Spain and Portugal while making steps towards the Single European Act in 1985. However, with a period of ""eurosclerosis"", due to economic problems and British vetoing over the Community budget, Thorn was unable to exert"
"On 25 June 2015, Donald Tusk announced that Delors would become the third person ever to have the title of Honorary Citizen of Europe bestowed upon them, in recognition of ""his remarkable contribution to the development of the European project"". Jacques Delors <includeonly></includeonly> Jacques Lucien Jean Delors (born 20 July 1925) is a French politician who served as the 8th President of the European Commission from 1985 to 1995. He served as Minister of Finance of France from 1981 to 1984. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1981. He is the father of Martine Aubry,"
"Jacques Delors <includeonly></includeonly> Jacques Lucien Jean Delors (born 20 July 1925) is a French politician who served as the 8th President of the European Commission from 1985 to 1995. He served as Minister of Finance of France from 1981 to 1984. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1979 to 1981. He is the father of Martine Aubry, the former first secretary (leader) of the Socialist Party of France. Born in Paris in a family originating from Corrèze, Delors first held in the 1940s through the 1960s a series of posts in French banking and state planning with"
"Stanley Clinton-Davis, Baron Clinton-Davis Stanley Clinton Clinton-Davis, Baron Clinton-Davis, PC (born 6 December 1928), born Stanley Clinton Davis, is a British Labour politician, former European Commissioner, former minister and solicitor. He served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Hackney Central (1970–1983), and was a minister in the Labour governments of Prime Ministers Harold Wilson, James Callaghan and Tony Blair. He was European Commissioner in the Delors Commission (1985–1989). In 1990, he became a Life Peer as Baron Clinton-Davis, of Hackney in the London Borough of Hackney, sitting on the Labour benches in the House of Lords until his retirement in"
"1995, aged 53. Sicco Mansholt Sicco Leendert Mansholt (; 13 September 1908 – 29 June 1995) was a Dutch politician who served as the 4th President of the European Commission from 1972 to 1973. He is recognised as one of the founding fathers of the European Union. He served as European Commissioner for Agriculture from 1958 to 1972, Minister of Agriculture, Fishing and Food Supply from 1945 to 1958, Minister of Economic Affairs in 1948 and Acting Mayor of Wieringermeer in 1945. He was a member of the Member of the House of Representatives on several occasions. A member of"
"Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield Francis Arthur Cockfield, Baron Cockfield, PC (surname pronounced ""Co-feeld""; 28 September 1916 – 8 January 2007) was by turns a civil servant, a company director, a Conservative politician, and a European Commissioner. He served as Minister of State at the Treasury from 1979 to 1982, as Secretary of State for Trade from 1982 until 1983, as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster from 1983 until 1984, a member of the European Commission from 1984 to 1988 and known as 'The Father of the Single Market'. Cockfield was born in Horsham, a month after his father, Lieutenant"
"James Callaghan Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, (; 27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005), often known as Jim Callaghan, served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1976 to 1980. Callaghan is, to date, the only British politician to have served in all four of the Great Offices of State, having been Chancellor of the Exchequer (1964–1967), Home Secretary (1967–1970), and Foreign Secretary (1974–1976) prior to his appointment as Prime Minister. As Prime Minister, he had some successes, but is mainly remembered for the ""Winter of"
"Jean-Claude Juncker Jean-Claude Juncker (; born 9 December 1954) is a Luxembourgish politician serving as President of the European Commission since 2014. From 1995 to 2013 he served as the 23rd Prime Minister of Luxembourg; from 1989 to 2009 he was also Minister for Finances. By the time he left office, he was the longest-serving head of any national government in the EU, and one of the longest-serving democratically elected leaders in the world, his tenure encompassing the height of the European financial and sovereign debt crisis. From 2005 to 2013, Juncker served as the first permanent President of the"
"Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington Peter Alexander Rupert Carington, 6th Baron Carrington, (6 June 1919 – 9 July 2018) was a British Conservative politician and hereditary peer who served as Defence Secretary from 1970 to 1974, Foreign Secretary from 1979 to 1982, chairman of British General Electric Company from 1983 to 1984, and Secretary General of NATO from 1984 to 1988. Before his death in 2018, he was the last surviving member of the 1951–55 government of Winston Churchill, the Eden government, and the Macmillan government, as well as of the cabinets of Alec Douglas-Home and Edward Heath. Following the"
"Monetary Union of the European Union from 1977, which began in 1979 as the European Monetary System, a forerunner of the Single Currency or Euro. President Jenkins was the first President to attend a G8 summit on behalf of the Community. Jenkins remained in Brussels until 1981, contemplating the political changes in the UK from there. He received an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Laws) from the University of Bath in 1978. As one of the so-called ""Gang of Four"", Roy Jenkins was a founder of the Social Democratic Party (SDP) in January 1981 with David Owen, Bill Rodgers and Shirley"
"Minister John Major before being appointed a Government Minister in 2010. Prime Minister David Cameron put Hill's name forward, on 15 July 2014, to be the next British EU Commissioner, upon which Lord Hill resigned from the Cabinet. On 10 September 2014, President Juncker appointed Hill as the European Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union. He took office as Britain's representative in the Juncker Commission on 1 November 2014 but announced his resignation on 25 June 2016 following the referendum in the UK to leave the EU, leaving office on 15 July. Jonathan Hill was born"
"President of the European Commission. Óscar Fanjul Óscar Fanjul Martín (born 1949, in Santiago) is a Spanish economist. Fanjul was born in Santiago, Chile in 1949. He started his professional career at the Instituto Nacional de Industria in 1972, and has also worked at the Confederación Española Cajas de Ahorros. He served during 1983 and 1984 as Technical Secretary General and Undersecretary of the Ministry of Industry and Energy. He was the Founder Chairman and CEO of Repsol, S.A., from its creation in 1986 until 1996, and is currently Honorary Chairman of the company. Fanjul is currently the Vice Chairman"
"Lorenzo Natali Lorenzo Natali Pierucci Bondicchi (born 2 October 1922 in Florence, died 29 August 1989 in Rome) was an Italian politician for Christian Democracy, and a European Commissioner from 1977 to 1989. He served as Vice-President of the European Commission and Commissioner for Enlargement, Environment and Nuclear Safety in the Jenkins Commission from 1977 to 1981. He then served as Vice-President and Commissioner for Mediterranean Policy, Enlargement and Information in the Thorn Commission from 1981 to 1985. He was Vice-President and held the portfolio of Cooperation, Development Affairs and Enlargement in the Delors Commission from 1985 to 1989. He"
"by his wife and five children. James Fawcett (barrister) Sir James Edmund Sandford Fawcett, DSC QC (16 April 1913 – 24 June 1991) was a British barrister. He was a member of the European Commission for Human Rights from 1962 to 1984, and its president from 1972 to 1981, and was knighted in 1984. Fawcett was born in Wallingford, which was then in Berkshire. His father was a clergyman in the Church of England. He was educated at the Dragon School in Oxford and at Rugby School, and then read classics at New College, Oxford. He won a prize fellowship"
"Billy Bell (politician) William Bradshaw Bell, OBE, JP (born 9 October 1935), is a Unionist politician from Northern Ireland and former Lord Mayor of Belfast. He served as a Councillor on Belfast City Council from 1976 to 1985 and was Lord Mayor of Belfast from 1979 to 1980. He also served on Lisburn Council (1989–2007) and was Mayor of the City of Lisburn in 2003, the only person to be mayor of two cities in the United Kingdom. He was Personal Assistant to MP Rt Hon Sir James Molyneaux from 1976 to 1997. He was elected to the Northern Ireland"
"Jonathan Hill, Baron Hill of Oareford Jonathan Hopkin Hill, Baron Hill of Oareford CBE PC (born 24 July 1960) is a British Conservative politician and former European Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union. Hill was Leader of the House of Lords and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster from 2013 to 2014. Prior to that, he served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Schools from 2010 to 2013 in the Conservative-Lib Dem Government. Hill, a former political lobbyist and PR consultant, was special adviser to Cabinet Minister Kenneth Clarke and an adviser to the Conservative Prime"
"Jacqueline Minor Jacqueline Minor has been the European Commission's Head of Representation in the United Kingdom since 2013. Minor was described by the Huffington Post in 2013 as ‘the woman with the hardest job in Britain’ because, one month after her appointment, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced that he would seek to renegotiate Britain's membership of the European Union and would hold a referendum on EU membership in 2017. Jacqueline Minor was bought up in Northampton in England. Minor graduated from Birmingham University with an LLB degree in law in 1977. She was a lecturer in law at Leicester"
"Hayden Phillips Sir Gerald Hayden Phillips (born 9 February 1943) is a retired British civil servant. He was educated at Cambridgeshire High School for Boys, Clare College, Cambridge, and Yale University. He joined the Civil Service as an Assistant Principal in the Home Office in 1967, and was Economic Adviser, 1970–72, Principal 1972–74, and Assistant Secretary, and Principal Private Secretary to the Home Secretary (Roy Jenkins), 1974–76. From 1977 to 1979 he served as Deputy Chef de Cabinet to Roy Jenkins as President of the European Commission. He returned to the Home Office as Assistant Secretary from 1979 to 1981,"
"was a government minister in Italy from 1966 to 1972 and served as Minister of Agriculture from 1970. The Lorenzo Natali Prize is named in his honour. Lorenzo Natali Lorenzo Natali Pierucci Bondicchi (born 2 October 1922 in Florence, died 29 August 1989 in Rome) was an Italian politician for Christian Democracy, and a European Commissioner from 1977 to 1989. He served as Vice-President of the European Commission and Commissioner for Enlargement, Environment and Nuclear Safety in the Jenkins Commission from 1977 to 1981. He then served as Vice-President and Commissioner for Mediterranean Policy, Enlargement and Information in the Thorn"
"in 2005. Catherine Ashton Catherine Margaret Ashton, Baroness Ashton of Upholland, (born 20 March 1956 at Upholland, Lancashire) is a British Labour politician who served as the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and First Vice President of the European Commission in the Barroso Commission from 2009 to 2014. Her political career began in 1999 when she was created a Life Peer as ""Baroness Ashton of Upholland, of St Albans, in the County of Hertfordshire"" by Tony Blair's Labour Government. She became the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Department for Education and Skills in"
"Barry Seal (politician) Dr Barry Seal (born 28 October 1937) is a British Labour Party politician. He was Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the single-member seat of Yorkshire West from 1979 to 1999. He stood unsuccessfully for election to the new multi-member seat of Yorkshire and the Humber in the 1999 European elections. During Seal’s time in the European Parliament he served a period as Leader of the Labour MEPs and served a term as Chair of the Economic and Monetary Committee and time as President of the Parliaments delegation to the USA. In 2002 he became Chairman"
"Christopher Tugendhat, Baron Tugendhat Christopher Samuel Tugendhat, Baron Tugendhat (born 23 February 1937 in Marylebone) is a British Conservative Party politician, business man, company director, journalist, and author. He was a Member of Parliament from 1970–77, then a member of the European Commission, and in 1993 was appointed as a life peer, with a seat in the House of Lords, in which he remains active. Tugendhat's family background includes Austrian-Jewish ancestry on his father's side and Anglo-Irish on his mother's. He was brought up as a Roman Catholic. His father, Dr Georg Tugendhat (1898-1973), was born in Vienna, but came"
"Christopher Tugendhat, Baron Tugendhat Christopher Samuel Tugendhat, Baron Tugendhat (born 23 February 1937 in Marylebone) is a British Conservative Party politician, business man, company director, journalist, and author. He was a Member of Parliament from 1970–77, then a member of the European Commission, and in 1993 was appointed as a life peer, with a seat in the House of Lords, in which he remains active. Tugendhat's family background includes Austrian-Jewish ancestry on his father's side and Anglo-Irish on his mother's. He was brought up as a Roman Catholic. His father, Dr Georg Tugendhat (1898-1973), was born in Vienna, but came"
"of the modern Commission. The Malfatti and Mansholt Commissions followed with work on monetary co-operation and the first enlargement to the north in 1973. With that enlargement, the Commission's membership increased to thirteen under the Ortoli Commission (the United Kingdom as a large member was granted two Commissioners), which dealt with the enlarged community during economic and international instability at that time. The external representation of the Community took a step forward when President Roy Jenkins, recruited to the presidency in January 1977 from his role as Home Secretary of the United Kingdom's Labour government, became the first President to"
"in the 2014 play ""Handbagged"". Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington Peter Alexander Rupert Carington, 6th Baron Carrington, (6 June 1919 – 9 July 2018) was a British Conservative politician and hereditary peer who served as Defence Secretary from 1970 to 1974, Foreign Secretary from 1979 to 1982, chairman of British General Electric Company from 1983 to 1984, and Secretary General of NATO from 1984 to 1988. Before his death in 2018, he was the last surviving member of the 1951–55 government of Winston Churchill, the Eden government, and the Macmillan government, as well as of the cabinets of Alec Douglas-Home"