"Pentrich rising The Pentrich rising was an armed uprising in 1817 that began around the village of Pentrich, Derbyshire, in the United Kingdom. It occurred on the night of 9/10 June 1817. While much of the planning took place in Pentrich, two of the three ringleaders were from South Wingfield and the other was from Sutton in Ashfield; the 'revolution' itself started from Hunt's Barn in South Wingfield, and the only person killed died in Wingfield Park. A gathering of some two or three hundred men (stockingers, quarrymen and iron workers), led by Jeremiah Brandreth ('The Nottingham Captain'), (an unemployed"
"of woollen cloth became increasingly industrialised. However, mechanisation was resisted by workers in traditional trades; there were riots in 1785 and 1792 and again in the era of Luddism owing to the introduction of the flying shuttle. Thomas Helliker, a shearman's apprentice, became one of the martyrs of the Industrial Revolution in 1803 when he was hanged at Fisherton Jail Salisbury. Nevertheless, at one point in 1820 Trowbridge's scale of production was such it was described as the ""Manchester of the West"". It had over 20 woollen cloth producing factories, making it comparable to Northern industrial towns such as Rochdale."
"Gangroad and incorporated the world's oldest surviving railway tunnel, at Fritchley (built 1793). In 1812, William Brunton, an engineer for the company, produced his remarkable Steam Horse locomotive In 1817, in the depression following the Napoleonic Wars, the works at Butterley was the scene of the Pentrich Revolution. The intention of the rebels was to kill the three senior managers and ransack the works for weapons. When they arrived they were confronted by George Goodwin the factory agent, who, with a few constables, faced them down. There is little to be seen of the event, but the hexagonal office where"
"the decline in their livelihoods. Luddites battled the British Army at Burton's Mill in Middleton and at Westhoughton Mill, both in Lancashire. The Luddites and their supporters anonymously sent death threats to, and possibly attacked, magistrates and food merchants. Activists smashed Heathcote's lacemaking machine in Loughborough in 1816. He and other industrialists had secret chambers constructed in their buildings that could be used as hiding places during an attack. In 1817, an unemployed Nottingham stockinger and probably ex-Luddite, named Jeremiah Brandreth led the Pentrich Rising. While this was a general uprising unrelated to machinery, it can be viewed as the"
"and arrested in Nutley having been chased from Burwash. Tomkins was sentenced to seven years transportation, but gained his freedom by giving valuable information to the authorities. He went on to have a mixed career as both smuggler and customs officer, being Custom House Officer at Dartford in Kent in 1735 and Bailiff to the Sheriff of Sussex, but was hanged in 1750 at Bedford for robbing the Chester stage coach. Nutley Windmill, a rare example of an open trestle post mill, was moved to Nutley from Goudhurst, Kent around 1817, her timbers being older than this. Standing on the"
"James Botting Jemmy Botting (baptised Brighton 12 Oct 1783 - died Hove 1837) was the hangman at Newgate Prison in London, England from 1817-1819 during which tenure he claimed to have hanged a total of 175 persons. He was succeeded by John Foxton who had previously been his assistant from 1818. He died in Hove on 1 October 1837 after falling out of his wheelchair in the street. He was so hated that no-one would come to his assistance. His notable executions included the fraudster Henry Fauntleroy in 1824 and the five leaders of the Cato Street conspiracy in 1820."
"12) Pentrich, Derbyshire Pentrich is a small village and civil parish between Belper and Alfreton in Amber Valley, Derbyshire, England. The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 Census was 191. The village gave its name to the Pentrich rising, an armed uprising which occurred on the night of 9/10 June 1817. The name is controversial. While much of the planning took place in Pentrich, two of the three ringleaders were from South Wingfield and the other was from Sutton in Ashfield; the 'revolution' itself started from Hunt's Barn in South Wingfield, and the only person killed died"
"Pentrich, Derbyshire Pentrich is a small village and civil parish between Belper and Alfreton in Amber Valley, Derbyshire, England. The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 Census was 191. The village gave its name to the Pentrich rising, an armed uprising which occurred on the night of 9/10 June 1817. The name is controversial. While much of the planning took place in Pentrich, two of the three ringleaders were from South Wingfield and the other was from Sutton in Ashfield; the 'revolution' itself started from Hunt's Barn in South Wingfield, and the only person killed died in"
"Bosavern Penlez Bosavern Penlez (1726–1749) was a British wig maker who was convicted and executed for rioting along with co-defendant John Wilson. He was sentenced to death and thus hanged on 18 October 1749. Bosavern is believed to have been mistakenly identified, although he was present at the time of the murder. Penlez was the subject of a 55-page treatise by Fielding entitled ""The Case of the Unfortunate Bosavern Penlez"" that year. Penlez was given a proper burial after a last-minute attempt to save him failed. Bosavern Penlez was born in Exeter, Devon, in 1726. His father was a clergyman"
"shamed and degraded at the brutal curiosity that took me to that spot.' At the end of January 2017, his plaster death mask was sold for £20,000 by Thomson Roddick auction house. The name of the buyer is unknown. François Benjamin Courvoisier François Benjamin Courvoisier (August 1816 – 6 July 1840) was a Swiss-born valet who was convicted for murdering of his employer Lord William Russell in London, England, and hanged outside Newgate Prison on 6 July 1840. A crowd of around 40,000 witnessed his death, including Charles Dickens and William Makepeace Thackeray. Courvoisier was born in the small village"
"criticism on Henry Fielding's conduct, as he was the one to shed light on Penlez’s second indictment. Fielding, not wanting his reputation to be put at stake, published a pamphlet entitled ""A true State of the case of Bosavern Penlez"", in which he defended the way in which he had handled the case. Bosavern Penlez Bosavern Penlez (1726–1749) was a British wig maker who was convicted and executed for rioting along with co-defendant John Wilson. He was sentenced to death and thus hanged on 18 October 1749. Bosavern is believed to have been mistakenly identified, although he was present at"
"Blanketeers The Blanketeers or Blanket March was a demonstration organised in Manchester in March 1817. The intention was for the participants, who were mainly Lancashire weavers, to march to London and petition the Prince Regent over the desperate state of the textile industry in Lancashire, and to protest over the recent suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act. The march was broken up violently and its leaders imprisoned. The Blanketeers formed part of a series of protests and calls for reform that culminated in the Peterloo massacre and the Six Acts. England suffered economic hardship in the years immediately following the"
"buried in St Mary's, Shelton Parish Church, Staffordshire. According to his obituary in the Staffordshire Advertiser, 23 October 1852 ""His remains ...were followed to the grave by a very large number of his friends who walked in procession. The road from Crown Bank (his place of residence) to the church was lined with spectators and a dense crowd surrounded the burial ground"". Jeremiah Yates Jeremiah Yates was an active Chartist who served a one-year prison sentence for bringing workers out on strike during the 1842 Pottery Riots in England. Jeremiah Yates, was born in 1810 at Fenton, Staffordshire in the"
"The latter execution was followed by the last legal public decapitation. James Botting Jemmy Botting (baptised Brighton 12 Oct 1783 - died Hove 1837) was the hangman at Newgate Prison in London, England from 1817-1819 during which tenure he claimed to have hanged a total of 175 persons. He was succeeded by John Foxton who had previously been his assistant from 1818. He died in Hove on 1 October 1837 after falling out of his wheelchair in the street. He was so hated that no-one would come to his assistance. His notable executions included the fraudster Henry Fauntleroy in 1824"
"in a cellar in Northgate Street, taking his own sons and the children of near relatives as apprentices. In 1728, the Nottingham magistrates refused to accept the authority of the London Company, and the centre of the trade moved northwards to Nottingham, which also had a lace making industry. The breakthrough with cotton stockings came in 1758 when Jedediah Strutt introduced an attachment for the frame which produced what became known as the ""Derby rib"". The Nottingham frameworkers found themselves increasingly short of raw materials. Initially they used thread spun in India, but this was expensive and required doubling. Lancashire"
"pleaded for Winterbourne’s life, but to no avail. Unusually for hanged men his body was returned to Kintbury and buried in the churchyard. A ceremony was held there in 2013 to remember him. It included a descendant of William Winterbourne. William Winterbourne William Winterbourne, also known as William Smith, was the very first of the ""Victims of Whiggery"" to be hanged at Reading Gaol on 11 January 1831 for his part in the Swing Riots of 1830. He was born in Kintbury in 1798. The riots involved agricultural labourers and others from the south and east of England whose livelihoods"
"called ""St. Mary's Church Side"". The name didn't take and was abandoned about 1815. The Blue Coat School was located on High Pavement from 1723 to 1853. In the Georgian era, High Pavement was one of the most fashionable places to live in Nottingham. In 1819 a gas lamp was installed at the top of Drury Hill by the Nottingham Gas Light and Coke Company. Previous lighting had been by whale oil lamps. On 8am 10 August 1864, the last public hanging was held. Richard Thomas Parker was hanged for the murder of his mother. He was buried in the"
"in a plan in which he would join 50,000 men in London to storm the Tower. It is widely believed that Brandreth was a victim of the Home Secretary, Lord Sidmouth, who took severe measures against Luddite rioters. The ""revolution"" began on 9 June 1817. Brandreth had held a final meeting at a pub in Pentridge, or Pentrich, The White Horse, where he and his fellow conspirators were to lead a march on Nottingham where ""they would receive 100 guineas, bread, meat and ale."" They would then lead an attack on the local barracks, overthrow the government and end ""poverty"
"William Winterbourne William Winterbourne, also known as William Smith, was the very first of the ""Victims of Whiggery"" to be hanged at Reading Gaol on 11 January 1831 for his part in the Swing Riots of 1830. He was born in Kintbury in 1798. The riots involved agricultural labourers and others from the south and east of England whose livelihoods were threatened by the introduction of threshing machines, low wages and oppressive treatment. His hanging, in retrospect, is considered harsh, as nobody was injured in the riots. Even at the time, the vicar of Kintbury, the Rev Fulwar Craven Fowle,"
"the call to arms). Approximately 40-50 local men are said to have been killed and the ringleaders hanged, drawn and quartered. The Newton rebellion represents one of the last times that the English peasantry and the gentry were in open conflict. By the 17th century the town was a centre for woollen cloth. The present town grew in the 19th century with the development of the boot and shoe industry, for which Northamptonshire as a whole became famous. Many large homes in both the Headlands and Rockingham Road were built for factory owners, while terraced streets provided accommodation for the"
"the freeing of slaves was a distinguishing feature of the bishop's career, in the act of manumission. Although contemporary documentary evidence is lacking, the parish traditionally claims William Lee, inventor of the stocking frame, as its own. The Nottinghamshire historian Robert Thoroton asserted in his 1677 history of the county that Lee was a native of Calverton, while John Aubrey in his ""Brief Lives"", written between 1669 and 1693, thought that he was born in Sussex; and Charles Deering in ""Nottinghamia Vetus et Nova"", published in 1751, claimed that Lee was of Woodborough. Calverton’s claim is probably the strongest, as"
"owners, the skilled workers lost control of the movement. Several of the supposed leaders of the riots were arrested. One of them, popularly known as Dic Penderyn, was hanged for stabbing a soldier in the leg, becoming known as the first local working-class martyr. It was claimed in 1876 that it was not Lewis who stabbed Black, but another man, Ianto Parker, who fled to America following the incident in order to avoid prosecution. These claims have never been fully verified, although Lewis' innocence is widely accepted throughout Merthyr. The Chartist movement of 1831 did not consider the reforms put"
"François Benjamin Courvoisier François Benjamin Courvoisier (August 1816 – 6 July 1840) was a Swiss-born valet who was convicted for murdering of his employer Lord William Russell in London, England, and hanged outside Newgate Prison on 6 July 1840. A crowd of around 40,000 witnessed his death, including Charles Dickens and William Makepeace Thackeray. Courvoisier was born in the small village of Mont-la-Ville, Switzerland, in August 1816, the son of Abraham Courvoisier, a farmer. He was educated at the local village school, after which he assisted his father in farm duties, before moving to England in 1836. Based on evidence"
"in England. Some 20,000 people reportedly witnessed the hanging. His remains were gibbeted and displayed at Fort Blockhouse for several years. John the Painter James Aitken (1752 – 10 March 1777), also known as John the Painter, was a mercenary who committed acts of sabotage in Royal Navy naval dockyards in during the American Revolutionary War in 1776–77. Aitken was born in Edinburgh in 1752, the son of a whitesmith and the eighth of twelve children. The early death of his father allowed Aitken to enter the charitable school for impoverished children at George Heriot's Hospital, which was founded to"
"Thomas Helliker Thomas Helliker (sometimes spelled Hilliker) (23 March 1784 – 22 March 1803) was a figure in early English trade union history who was hanged, aged 19, for his alleged role in machine-breaking at a Wiltshire woollen mill. His conviction has been challenged as controversial and faulty, and he is now regarded as a victim of anti-Luddite sentiment. Helliker had been employed as a shearman's colt at a woollen mill owned by a Mr Naish at Semington, near Trowbridge in Wiltshire. As such he was close to the most highly skilled workers who stood to lose most from mechanisation"
"(Parsley Peel's grandson), born at Bury was yet another Robert Peel and in due course Sir Robert Peel; he was a full-time politician and rose to be Prime Minister. Another historical figure associated with the textile industry was James Hargreaves, inventor of the Spinning Jenny. The people of Oswaldtwistle were involved in the power loom riots of 1826. The mechanisation of the textile industry (with the introduction of looms powered by steam engines from the 1820s onwards) resulted in redundancies, low wages, and starvation. On 26 April, a large number of cotton workers attacked the factory in White Ash (Brookside"
"office, where Goodwin stood his ground, existed in the yard of the Butterley Company's works until it was demolished in 2009/10 along with the rest of the site, and the execution block can be seen by request in Derby Museum. E. P. Thompson in ""The Making of the English Working Class"" sees this rising as a transitional event between the earlier Luddite actions and the later populist Radicalism of 1818–20 and 1830–32. (Note that Thompson refers to the village throughout as 'Pentridge', not the modern spelling.) Pentrich rising The Pentrich rising was an armed uprising in 1817 that began around"
"the Nottingham Reform Bill riots of 1831. Several witnesses identified him as being part of the mob, but other testimony said he was elsewhere at the time. He pleaded not guilty and denied the charge, stating that he was on Colwick Green when the incident took place. Marshall was found guilty and was sentenced to death by hanging; this was later commuted to transportation for life after a public outcry. Valentine Marshall was briefly held at the County Gaol (jail) where his name can be seen, carved into the wall of the prison exercise yard. He was then taken to"
"to a stake and burned before the debtor's door at Newgate prison in London. In a letter to Lord Hawkesbury of 14 April 1789, Matthew Boulton commented """"In the course of my journeys, I observe that I receive upon an average two-thirds counterfeit halfpence for change at toll-gates, etc., and I believe the evil is daily increasing, as the spurious money is carried into circulation by the lowest class of manufacturers, who pay with it the principal part of the wages of the poor people they employ"""". Boulton's contract in 1797 to produce the ""Cartwheel"" pennies and twopences, thwarting the"
"rapidly during the Industrial Revolution, and in the 19th century it experienced the greatest increase in population density of any parish in Nottinghamshire. By 1880 the population had increased to 4,500. Factories were built to accommodate the new industries, land becoming available for them as the rural population moved to urban areas. This industrialisation of the countryside was only restricted from the early 19th century, when, somewhat belatedly, the effect of the Enclosures began to be felt in Nottinghamshire. In a local manifestation of this period of upheaval, marchers of the Pentrich Revolution of 1817 passed through the town, and"
"Newport Rising The Newport Rising was the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in Great Britain, when, on 4 November 1839, nearly 10,000 Chartist sympathisers, led by John Frost, marched on the town of Newport, Monmouthshire. The men, including many coal-miners, most with home-made arms, were intent on liberating fellow Chartists who were reported to have been taken prisoner in the town's Westgate Hotel. About 22 demonstrators were killed when troops opened fire on them. The leaders of the rebellion were convicted of high treason and were sentenced to a traitor's death. The sentence was later commuted to transportation for"
"Davenant Centre is still in existence although the Davenant Foundation School moved from Whitechapel to Loughton in 1966. Population shifts from rural areas to London from the 17th century to the mid-19th century resulted in great numbers of more or less destitute people taking up residence amidst the industries and mercantile interests that had attracted them. In 1797, the body of the sailor Richard Parker, hanged for his leading role in the Nore mutiny, was given a Christian burial at Whitechapel after his wife exhumed it from the unconsecrated burial ground to which it was originally consigned. Crowds gathered to"
"return Wilson was arrested on a charge of high treason. On 24 July 1820, he was found guilty of treason after proceedings before a commission of oyer and terminer and was sentenced to death. He was hanged and beheaded on 30 August 1820. In 1846 a monument to Wilson was erected in Strathaven. James Wilson (revolutionary) James Wilson (3 September 1760 – 30 August 1820), commonly known as ""Perley Wilson,"" was a Scottish revolutionary, born in the parish of Avondale in Scotland, a prominent figure in the Radical movement seeking electoral reform. He was a weaver from the town of"