"Morrison, a Marine Corps Private Second Class, from Camp Pendleton. When the movie played at the Northgate movie theater, adjacent to Texas A&M University, the marquee read ""To the Shores of Hell - STARRING Gregory S. Morrison"". To the Shores of Hell To the Shores of Hell is a 1966 Vietnam war film directed by Will Zens and starring Marshall Thompson, Richard Arlen, Dick O'Neill and Robert Dornan that was distributed by Crown International Pictures. Dornan may possibly have co-written the film as his Mother's maiden name was ""McFadden"". U.S. Marine Major Greg Donahue, newly arrived in Da Nang, South"
"fourth line from ""On the land as on the sea"" to ""In the air, on land, and sea"" to reflect the addition of aviation to the Corps' arsenal. Western Illinois University uses the hymn prior to all football games. They are the only nonmilitary academy allowed to use the hymn. The university has had permission to use the official nickname, mascot, and hymn of the Corps since 1927. <poem> From the Halls of Montezuma To the shores of Tripoli; We fight our country's battles In the air, on land, and sea; First to fight for right and freedom And to"
"the hymn. The unknown author transposed the phrases in the motto on the Colors so that the first two lines of the Hymn would read: ""From the Halls of Montezuma, to the Shores of Tripoli"", favoring euphony over chronology. The music is from the ""Gendarmes' Duet"" (the ""bold gendarmes"") from the revision in 1867 of the Jacques Offenbach opera ""Geneviève de Brabant"", which debuted in Paris in 1859. Correspondence between Colonel Albert S. McLemore and Walter F. Smith (the second leader of the United States Marine Band) traces the tune: The name of the opera and a part of the"
"By 7 AM the American flag was flying over the Ciudadela. The efforts of the U.S. Marines in this battle and subsequent occupation of Mexico City are memorialized by the opening lines of the Marines' Hymn, ""From the Halls of Montezuma..."". Among the lower-ranking officers present, many became generals in the upcoming American Civil War, including Daniel H. Hill, Ulysess Grant, George Pickett, James Longstreet, Thomas Jonathan ""Stonewall"" Jackson, and Robert E. Lee. Marine tradition maintains that the red stripe is worn on the trousers of the Blue Dress uniform, commonly known as the blood stripe, because a large number"
"Will be back when the war is over."" Marines also served in the Mexican–American War during Henderson's tenure as Commandant. The sword presented to him at the war's end was inscribed, ""From the Halls of Montezuma, to the Shores of Tripoli"", giving the opening words to the Marines' hymn. Archibald Henderson died suddenly on 6 January 1859. He was buried in the Congressional Cemetery. According to Marine lore, the Colonel Commandant had attempted to will his home — actually government-provided quarters in which he had lived for 38 years — to his heirs, having forgotten that they were government owned."
"A decade later, in the Mexican–American War (1846–1848), the Marines made their famed assault on Chapultepec Palace in Mexico City, which would be later celebrated as the ""Halls of Montezuma"" in the Marines' hymn. In the 1850s, the Marines would see further service in Panama and Asia, attached to Matthew Perry's East India Squadron on its historic trip to the Far East. The Marine Corps played a small role in the Civil War (1861–1865); their most prominent task was blockade duty. As more and more states seceded from the Union, about a third of the Corps' officers left the United"
"United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1] and United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle B, Chapter 301, Section 3001]. As the oldest and most senior branch of the U.S. military in order of precedence, the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army, which was formed (14 June 1775) to fight the"
"the Battle of Derne in 1805. After Lieutenant Presley O'Bannon and his Marines hoisted the American flag over the Old World for the first time, the phrase was added to the flag of the United States Marine Corps. ""The Halls of Montezuma"" refers to the Battle of Chapultepec on 12/13 September 1847 during the Mexican–American War, where a force of Marines stormed Chapultepec Castle. While the lyrics are said to date from the 19th century, no pre-20th century text is known. The author of the lyrics is likewise unknown. Legend has it that a Marine on duty in Mexico penned"
"Marines' Hymn The ""Marines' Hymn"" is the official hymn of the United States Marine Corps, introduced by the first director of USMC Band, Francesco Maria Scala. It is the oldest official song in the United States Armed Forces. The ""Marines' Hymn"" is typically sung at the position of attention as a gesture of respect. However, the third verse is also used as a toast during formal events, such as the birthday ball and other ceremonies. Some lyrics were popular phrases before the song was written. The line ""To the shores of Tripoli"" refers to the First Barbary War, and specifically"
"of the Barbary states, which were themselves member states of the Ottoman Empire. The opening line of the ""Marines' Hymn"" refers to this action: ""From the halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli..."" This was the first time the United States Marine Corps took part in offensive actions outside of the United States. The modern word ""razzia"" is, via Italian and French, from Algerian Arabic ""ghaziya"" (غزية ""raiding""), originally referring to slave raids conducted by Barbary pirates. Barbary Coast The term Barbary Coast or Berbery or Berber Coast was used by Europeans from the 16th to early 19th century"
"of the Army's Standard Integrated Command Post System. United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the seven uniformed services of the United States, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution, Article 2, Section 2, Clause 1] and United States Code, Title 10, Subtitle B, Chapter 301, Section 3001]. As the oldest and most senior branch of the U.S. military in order of precedence, the modern U.S. Army has its roots in the Continental Army, which"
"Charles Grymes McCawley Charles Grymes McCawley (January 29, 1827 – October 13, 1891) was the eighth Commandant of the Marine Corps and served as an officer in the United States Marine Corps during the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. Born at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, McCawley was appointed a second lieutenant in the Marine Corps on March 3, 1847 by President James K. Polk. He took part in the Battle of Chapultepec and the capture of Mexico City during the Mexican–American War. (It is this battle which is commemorated in the Marine Hymn's words, ""From the Halls of Montezuma ..."")"
"1847, the Niños Héroes (""Hero Children"") died defending the castle while it was taken by United States forces during the Battle of Chapultepec of the Mexican–American War. They are honored with a large mural on the ceiling above the main entrance to the castle. The United States Marine Corps honors the Battle of Chapultepec and the subsequent occupation of Mexico City through the first line of the ""Marines' Hymn,"" From the Halls of Montezuma. Marine Corps tradition maintains that the red stripe worn on the trousers of officers and noncommissioned officers, and commonly known as the blood stripe commemorates the"
"subordinate agencies, from holding domestic copyrights, and in this way, the song falls into the public domain. However, several composers do hold copyrights on different arrangements of the song. These copyrights cover only the specific arrangements and not the song as a whole. In 1929 the commandant of the Marine Corps authorized the three verses of the Marines' Hymn as the official version, but changed the fifth through eighth lines: This older version can be heard in the 1950 film ""Halls of Montezuma"". On 21 November 1942, Commandant Thomas Holcomb approved a change in the words of the first verse's"
"United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations with the United States Navy as well as the Army and Air Force. The U.S. Marine Corps is one of the four armed service branches in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and one of the seven uniformed services of the United States. The Marine Corps has been a component of the U.S. Department of the Navy since 30 June 1834, working closely with naval forces."
"the name of the official march of the Corps, composed by John Philip Sousa. The mottos """"Fortitudine"""" (With Fortitude); ""By Sea and by Land"", a translation of the Royal Marines' ""Per Mare, Per Terram""; and ""To the Shores of Tripoli"" were used until 1868. The ""Marine Corps emblem"" is the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor, sometimes abbreviated ""EGA"", adopted in 1868. The Marine Corps seal includes the emblem, also is found on the flag of the United States Marine Corps, and establishes scarlet and gold as the official colors. Two styles of swords are worn by Marines: the officers' Mameluke Sword,"
"is ""to fight and win our Nation's wars, by providing prompt, sustained, land dominance, across the full range of military operations and the spectrum of conflict, in support of combatant commanders"". The branch participates in conflicts worldwide and is the major ground-based offensive and defensive force of the United States. The United States Army serves as the land-based branch of the U.S. Armed Forces. Section 3062 of Title 10, U.S. Code defines the purpose of the army as: In 2018, the ""Army Strategy 2018"" articulated an eight-point addendum to the Army Vision for 2028. While the Army Mission remains constant,"
"component soldiers have taken a more active role in U.S. military operations. For example, Reserve and Guard units took part in the Gulf War, peacekeeping in Kosovo, Afghanistan and the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Headquarters, United States Department of the Army (HQDA): Source: U.S. Army organization See Structure of the United States Army for detailed treatment of the history, components, administrative and operational structure and the branches and functional areas of the Army. The U.S. Army is made up of three components: the active component, the Regular Army; and two reserve components, the Army National Guard and the Army Reserve."
"cooperation with other NATO land forces. Headquarters, European Theater of Operations, United States Army was a United States Army formation which directed U.S. Army operations in parts of Europe from 1942 to 1945. It commanded Army Ground Forces, United States Army Air Forces, and Army Service Forces operations north of Italy and the Mediterranean coast, in the European Theater of World War II. It was bordered to the south by the North African Theater of Operations, US Army (NATOUSA), which later became the Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTOUSA). The term ""theater of operations"" was defined in the US Army field"
"during the Civil War. The Citadel training followed the Palmetto Regiment to Mexico City where they were the first to raise a U.S. flag over the capitol of Mexico City. The regiment fought side by side with a battalion of U.S. Marines through the ""Halls of Montezuma"" in Chapultepec and Mexico City. Cadets and graduates of The Citadel performed brilliantly in support of the Mexican War due in large part to the efforts of Colcock and his extensive experience as a combat infantry officer in the U.S. Army and a Military Tactics Instructor at West Point. The Citadel's post Mexican"
"to the line, ""to the shores of Tripoli"" in the opening of the Marine Hymn. The arrival of modern colonialism, World War I and World War II brought armies from afar to fight in North Africa, often against each other and not always against the native inhabitants. Battles such as the Tunisia Campaign eventually yielded the first battlefield victories of the Allies of World War II against the Axis powers of World War II. These battles were fought and won by the Allies in North Africa such as at the Battle of El Alamein in 1942, one of the most"
"such. United States Armed Forces The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States of America. It consists of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard. The President of the United States is the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Armed Forces and forms military policy with the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), both federal executive departments, acting as the principal organs by which military policy is carried out. All five armed services are among the seven uniformed services of the United States. From the time of its"
"United States Armed Forces The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States of America. It consists of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard. The President of the United States is the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Armed Forces and forms military policy with the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), both federal executive departments, acting as the principal organs by which military policy is carried out. All five armed services are among the seven uniformed services of the United States. From the time of its inception,"
"The exercise is being conducted as part of Operation Atlantic Resolve. History of the United States Army Special Forces This article presents a history of the United States Army Special Forces, founded in 1952. Some of the Office of Strategic Services have much more similarity in terms of mission with the original U.S. Army Special Forces function, unconventional warfare (UW), acting as cadre to train and lead guerrillas in occupied countries. The Special Forces motto, ""De oppresso liber"" (Latin: ""to free the oppressed"") reflects this historical mission of guerrilla warfare against an occupying power. Specifically, the three-man Jedburgh teams provided"
"Military of the Confederate States of America The Military of the Confederate States of America existed between 1861 and 1865, and was tasked throughout its existence with fighting the American Civil War. It comprised three branches: the Confederate States Army, the Confederate States Navy and the Confederate States Marine Corps. It was disbanded with the collapse of the Confederacy. Members of all the Confederate States military forces, to include the Army, the Navy and the Marine Corps were often referred to as ""Confederates"", and members of the CS Army were referred to as ""Confederate soldiers"". The military of the Confederate"
"of Concord, Bennington and Saratoga, and the siege of Boston. Both sides used partisan warfare but the Americans effectively suppressed Loyalist activity when British regulars were not in the area. Seeking to coordinate military efforts, the Continental Congress established a regular army on June 14, 1775, and appointed George Washington as commander-in-chief. The development of the Continental Army was always a work in progress, and Washington used both his regulars and state militia throughout the war. Three current branches of the United States Military trace their institutional roots to the American Revolutionary War; the United States Army comes from the"
"of the Navy (from where the Marine Corps Receives its funding); for FY 2019, the Marine Corps received $27.6B in funding. <nowiki>*</nowiki> not exact due to certain fields being combined with Navy Expenditures In 2013, the USMC became the first American military branch to ever have a fully audited annual budget. United States Marine Corps The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines, is a branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations with the United States Navy as well as the Army and Air Force. The U.S."
"National Guard: United States Cavalry The United States Cavalry, or U.S. Cavalry, was the designation of the mounted force of the United States Army from the late 18th to the early 20th century. The Cavalry branch became the Armor branch with tanks in 1950, but the term ""Cavalry"" such as ""armored cavalry"" remains in use in the U.S. Army for mounted (ground and aviation) reconnaissance, surveillance, and target acquisition (RSTA) units based on their parent Combat Arms Regimental System (CARS) regiment. ""Cavalry"" is also used in the name of the 1st Cavalry Division for heraldic/lineage/historical purposes. Some combined arms battalions"
"European Theater of Operations, United States Army The European Theater of Operations, United States Army (ETOUSA) was a United States Army formation which directed US Army operations in parts of Europe from 1942 to 1945. It referred to Army Ground Forces, United States Army Air Forces, and Army Service Forces operations north of Italy and the Mediterranean coast, in the European Theater of World War II. It was bordered to the south by the North African Theater of Operations, US Army (NATOUSA), which later became the Mediterranean Theater of Operations (MTOUSA). The term ""theater of operations"" was defined in the"
"American Revolutionary War (1775–1783)—before the United States of America was established as a country. After the Revolutionary War, the Congress of the Confederation created the United States Army on 3 June 1784 to replace the disbanded Continental Army. The United States Army considers itself descended from the Continental Army, and dates its institutional inception from the origin of that armed force in 1775. As a uniformed military service, the U.S. Army is part of the Department of the Army, which is one of the three military departments of the Department of Defense. The U.S. Army is headed by a civilian"
"Armor Branch The Armor Branch of the United States Army is an active combat arms branch. It was created provisionally in 1940 as Armored Force under Chief of the Armored Force, Brigadier General Adna R. Chaffee, Jr. and took control of all tank units in infantry and cavalry units. Even though the armor branch traces its lineage back to the original cavalry units, its first beginnings date from the First World War. The Tank Service of the National Army was formed on 5 March 1918. and disbanded after the war in 1920. The Armored Force was formed on 10 July"
"for Al Anbar Province to the United States Army. 1,022 Marines were killed in the war with an additional 8,623 wounded, while only Cpl Jason Dunham received the Medal of Honor. https://web.archive.org/web/20111105071128/http://www.marines.mil/unit/mcbjapan/Pages/2011/111104-birthday.aspx History of the United States Marine Corps The history of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) begins with the founding of the Continental Marines on 10 November 1775 to conduct ship-to-ship fighting, provide shipboard security and discipline enforcement, and assist in landing forces. Its mission evolved with changing military doctrine and foreign policy of the United States. Owing to the availability of Marine forces at sea, the United"
"Military budget of the United States The military budget is the portion of the discretionary United States federal budget allocated to the Department of Defense, or more broadly, the portion of the budget that goes to any military-related expenditures. The military budget pays the salaries, training, and health care of uniformed and civilian personnel, maintains arms, equipment and facilities, funds operations, and develops and buys new items. The budget funds four branches of the U.S. military: the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force. In FY 2017, the Congressional Budget Office reported spending of $590 billion for defense, about 15%"