"Platypelis tsaratananaensis Platypelis tsaratananaensis is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. The amphibian is endemic to northern Madagascar. The natural habitat of ""Platypelis tsaratananaensis"" is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It inhabits tall montane rainforest and bamboo groves, and is probably not found outside mature forest, and is probably restricted to altitudes above . It is found almost exclusively found on bamboo, and may benefit from the presence of the ""Daubentonia madagascariensis"" (nocturnal lemur) for the creation of holes in the bamboo. It breeds in bamboo stems by larval development. It is threatened by habitat loss due"
"were registered at 29 ISIS institutions, including the Duke Lemur Center. Gray mouse lemur The gray mouse lemur (""Microcebus murinus""), grey mouse lemur or lesser mouse lemur, is a small lemur, a type of strepsirrhine primate, found only on the island of Madagascar. Weighing , it is the largest of the mouse lemurs (genus ""Microcebus""), a group that includes the smallest primates in the world. The species is named for its mouse-like size and coloration and is known locally (in Malagasy) as ""tsidy"", ""koitsiky"", ""titilivaha"", ""pondiky"", and ""vakiandry"". The gray mouse lemur and all other mouse lemurs are considered cryptic"
"Greater dwarf lemur The greater dwarf lemur (""Cheirogaleus major""), or the Geoffroy's dwarf lemur, is a lemur that is widely distributed over the primary and secondary forests near the eastern coast of Madagascar. They are also found in northern parts of Madagascar. Greater dwarf lemurs live in forests and dry scrub areas. The head and body of the greater dwarf lemur can range from 167 to 264 millimeters in length, and 164 to 600 grams. Their tails can range from 195 to 310 millimeters in length. Greater dwarf lemurs are nocturnal. During the day, they sleep in nests of twigs,"
"Mouse lemur The mouse lemurs are nocturnal lemurs of the genus Microcebus. Like all lemurs, mouse lemurs are native to Madagascar. Mouse lemurs have a combined head, body and tail length of less than , making them the smallest primates (the smallest species being Madame Berthe's mouse lemur); however, their weight fluctuates in response to daylight duration. Lemurs and Mouse Lemurs were announced by the IUCN as the most endangered of all vertebrates. There are about 24 mouse lemur species identified by 2016. There were only 2 known mouse lemur species by 1992. It was estimated that the 24 mouse"
"Ruffed lemur The ruffed lemurs of the genus Varecia are strepsirrhine primates and the largest extant lemurs within the family Lemuridae. Like all living lemurs, they are found only on the island of Madagascar. Formerly considered to be a monotypic genus, two species are now recognized: the black-and-white ruffed lemur, with its three subspecies, and the red ruffed lemur. Ruffed lemurs are diurnal and arboreal quadrupeds, often observed leaping through the upper canopy of the seasonal tropical rainforests in eastern Madagascar. They are also the most frugivorous of the Malagasy lemurs, and they are very sensitive to habitat disturbance. Ruffed"
"has been named one of ""The World's 25 Most Endangered Primates."" Greater bamboo lemur The greater bamboo lemur (""Prolemur simus""), also known as the broad-nosed bamboo lemur and the broad-nosed gentle lemur, is the largest bamboo lemur, at over five pounds or nearly 2.5 kilograms. It has greyish brown fur and white ear tufts, and has a head-body length of around one and a half feet, or forty to fifty centimeters. They have relatively long tails and long back legs for leaping vertically amongst the trees of their forest habitat. It feeds almost exclusively on the bamboo species of ""Cathariostachys"
"Gray mouse lemur The gray mouse lemur (""Microcebus murinus""), grey mouse lemur or lesser mouse lemur, is a small lemur, a type of strepsirrhine primate, found only on the island of Madagascar. Weighing , it is the largest of the mouse lemurs (genus ""Microcebus""), a group that includes the smallest primates in the world. The species is named for its mouse-like size and coloration and is known locally (in Malagasy) as ""tsidy"", ""koitsiky"", ""titilivaha"", ""pondiky"", and ""vakiandry"". The gray mouse lemur and all other mouse lemurs are considered cryptic species, as they are nearly indistinguishable from each other by appearance."
"been introduced to the captive breeding program. Red ruffed lemur The red ruffed lemur (""Varecia rubra"") is one of two species in the genus ""Varecia"", the ruffed lemurs; the other is the black-and-white ruffed lemur (""Varecia variegata""). Like all lemurs, it is native to Madagascar and occurs only in the rainforests of Masoala, in the northeast of the island. It is one of the largest primates of Madagascar with a body length of 53 cm, a tail length of 60 cm and a weight of 3.3–3.6 kg. Its soft, thick fur is red and black in colour and sports a"
"night Pygmy mouse lemur Pygmy mouse lemur (Microcebus myoxinus), also known as Peters' mouse lemur or dormouse lemur, is a primate weighing only ; it is the second smallest of the mouse lemurs. Its dorsal side is a rufous-brown colour, and creamy-white ventrally. It lives in dry deciduous forests. The pygmy mouse lemur measures around (head-body length). Its small size and nocturnal nature made it difficult to locate for over a century, and was rediscovered in the Kirindy forest in western Madagascar in 1993. They are believed to inhabit other parts of the island, but so far have only been"
"seeing an analogy that fit with his naming scheme, Linnaeus adapted the term ""lemur"" for these nocturnal primates. However, Dunkel ""et al."" noted in 2012 that it has been commonly and falsely assumed that Linnaeus was referring to the ghost-like appearance, reflective eyes, and ghostly cries of lemurs. It has also been speculated that Linnaeus may also have known that some Malagasy people have held legends that lemurs are the souls of their ancestors, but this is unlikely given that the name was selected for slender lorises from India, according to Dunkel ""et al"". Lemurs are primates belonging to the"
"Red ruffed lemur The red ruffed lemur (""Varecia rubra"") is one of two species in the genus ""Varecia"", the ruffed lemurs; the other is the black-and-white ruffed lemur (""Varecia variegata""). Like all lemurs, it is native to Madagascar and occurs only in the rainforests of Masoala, in the northeast of the island. It is one of the largest primates of Madagascar with a body length of 53 cm, a tail length of 60 cm and a weight of 3.3–3.6 kg. Its soft, thick fur is red and black in colour and sports a buff or cream colored spot at the"
"Archaeoindris Archaeoindris fontoynontii is an extinct giant lemur and the largest primate known to have evolved on Madagascar, comparable in size to a male gorilla. It belonged to a family of extinct lemurs known as ""sloth lemurs"" (Palaeopropithecidae), and because of its extremely large size, it has been compared to the ground sloths that once roamed North and South America. It was most closely related to ""Palaeopropithecus"", the second largest type of sloth lemur. Along with the other sloth lemurs, ""Archaeoindris"" was related to the living indri, sifakas, and woolly lemurs, as well as the recently extinct monkey lemurs (Archaeolemuridae)."
"subject of current study in its natural habitat as well as in captivity in research centers such as the Duke Lemur Center. Red-bellied lemur The red-bellied lemur (""Eulemur rubriventer"") is a medium-sized strepsirrhine primate with a luxuriant chestnut brown coat. This lemur is endemic to eastern Madagascan rainforests and is distinguished by patches of white skin below the eyes, giving rise to a ""teardrop"" effect, particularly conspicuous in the male. The species, first identified in the year 1850, exhibits diurnal behaviour and marked sexual dimorphism. The red-bellied lemur has been studied extensively since the mid-1980s, primarily in Ranomafana National Park."
"Coquerel's giant mouse lemur Coquerel's giant mouse lemur (""Mirza coquereli""), also known as Coquerel's dwarf lemur or the southern giant mouse lemur, is a small nocturnal lemur endemic to Madagascar. This species was named after the French entomologist Charles Coquerel. This lemur can be found in parts of the Madagascar dry deciduous forests. This lemur is active throughout the year; unlike mouse lemurs (""Microcebus""), it does not hibernate, and instead it feeds on homopteran larvae to sustain itself. It is an arboreal species, and feeds on fruit, flowers, and small animals such as insects and spiders. Coquerel's giant mouse lemur"
"Lemur Lemurs ( ) are a clade of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar. The word ""lemur"" derives from the word ""lemures"" (ghosts or spirits) from Roman mythology and was first used to describe a slender loris due to its nocturnal habits and slow pace, but was later applied to the primates on Madagascar. As with other strepsirrhine primates, such as lorises, pottos, and galagos (bush babies), lemurs share resemblance with basal primates. In this regard, lemurs are often confused with ancestral primates, when in actuality, lemurs did not give rise to monkeys and apes, but evolved independently."
"Greater bamboo lemur The greater bamboo lemur (""Prolemur simus""), also known as the broad-nosed bamboo lemur and the broad-nosed gentle lemur, is the largest bamboo lemur, at over five pounds or nearly 2.5 kilograms. It has greyish brown fur and white ear tufts, and has a head-body length of around one and a half feet, or forty to fifty centimeters. They have relatively long tails and long back legs for leaping vertically amongst the trees of their forest habitat. It feeds almost exclusively on the bamboo species of ""Cathariostachys madagascariensis"", preferring the shoots but also eating the pith and leaves."
"trade. As of early 2017, the population in the wild is believed to have crashed as low as 2,000 individuals due to habitat loss, poaching and hunting, making them far more critically endangered. Although the term ""lemur"" was first intended for slender lorises, it was soon limited to the endemic Malagasy primates, which have been known as ""lemurs"" ever since. The name derives from the Latin term ""lemures"", which refers to specters or ghosts that were exorcised during the Lemuria festival of ancient Rome. According to Carl Linnaeus's own explanation, the name was selected because of the nocturnal activity and"
"of primates). According to Linnaeus' own explanation, the name was selected because of the nocturnal activity and slow movements of the slender loris. Being familiar with the works of Virgil and Ovid and seeing an analogy that fit with his naming scheme, Linnaeus adapted the term ""lemur"" for these nocturnal primates. However, it has been commonly and falsely assumed that Linnaeus was referring to the ghost-like appearance, reflective eyes, and ghostly cries of lemurs. In Goethe's ""Faust"", a chorus of Lemurs who serve Mephistopheles dig Faustus' grave. In the book by King James I of England, ""Daemonologie, In Forme of"
"human condition by stimulating intellectual growth and sustaining global biodiversity."" According to Duke University, the Lemur Center, the only university-based facility in the world devoted to the study of strepsirrhine primates, ""is home to the world's largest colony of endangered primates – including more than 200 lemurs, bush babies and lorises... More than 85 percent of the center's inhabitants were born on site."" In 1997, the center began a program to reintroduce black-and-white ruffed lemurs into the Betampona Natural Reserve in Madagascar, the first return of any prosimian primates to the island nation. In 2009 and 2010, the center completed"
"or less, while the larger lemurs fall victim to the larger diurnal birds of prey, such as the Madagascan harrier-hawk (""Polyboroides radiatus"") and the Madagascar buzzard (""Buteo brachypterus""). Similarities that lemurs share with anthropoid primates, such as diet and social organization, along with their own unique traits, have made lemurs the most heavily studied of all mammal groups on Madagascar. Research often focuses on the link between ecology and social organization, but also on their behavior and morphophysiology (the study of anatomy in relation to function). Studies of their life-history traits, behavior and ecology help understanding of primate evolution, since"
"in any other living strepsirrhine. Cathemerality, where an animal is active sporadically both day and night, occurs among some of the larger lemurs. Few if any other primates exhibit this sort of activity cycle, either regularly or irregularly under changing environmental conditions. The most heavily studied cathemeral lemurs are the true lemurs. Although the mongoose lemur (""E. mongoz"") is the best-documented example, every species in the genus studied has shown some degree of cathemeral behavior, although night activity is often restricted by light availability and moon periodicity. This type of behavior was first documented in the 1960s in true lemur"
"species as well as other Lemuridae species, such as ruffed lemurs and bamboo lemurs. Initially described as ""crepuscular"" (active at dawn and dusk), anthropologist Ian Tattersall stimulated additional research and coined the new term ""cathemeral"", although many non-anthropologists prefer the terms ""circadian"" or ""diel"". In order to conserve energy and water in their highly seasonal environment, mouse lemurs and dwarf lemurs exhibit seasonal behavioral cycles of dormancy where the metabolic rate and body temperature are lowered. They are the only primates known to do so. They accumulate fat reserves in their hind legs and the base of their tail before"
"periods of food scarcity. Like most nocturnal prosimians, dwarf lemurs are reported as living solitary or in pairs. They nest in tree holes where they often sleep together in curled up positions. Their territories are marked by fecal and scent markings. Their diet consists primarily of fruits and flowers and they seem to play a part in the pollination of certain plants. As of 2018, 9 species are known. Dwarf lemur The dwarf lemurs are the lemurs of the genus Cheirogaleus. All of the species in this genus, like all other lemurs, are native to Madagascar. Measuring 19–27 cm in"
"Diademed sifaka The diademed sifaka (""Propithecus diadema""), or diademed simpona, is an endangered species of sifaka, one of the lemurs endemic to certain rainforests in eastern Madagascar. This species is one of the world's largest living lemurs, with a total adult length of approximately 105 centimetres (41 inches), half of which is tail. Russell Mittermeier, one of the contemporary authorities on lemurs, describes the diademed sifaka as ""one of the most colorful and attractive of all the lemurs"", having a long and silky coat. ""P. diadema"" is also known by the Malagasy names simpona, simpony and ankomba joby. The term"
"is heavily preyed upon by owls. This species was the only member of the genus ""Mirza"" until 2005, when a second species, the northern giant mouse lemur (""M. zaza"") was described. Coquerel's giant mouse lemur Coquerel's giant mouse lemur (""Mirza coquereli""), also known as Coquerel's dwarf lemur or the southern giant mouse lemur, is a small nocturnal lemur endemic to Madagascar. This species was named after the French entomologist Charles Coquerel. This lemur can be found in parts of the Madagascar dry deciduous forests. This lemur is active throughout the year; unlike mouse lemurs (""Microcebus""), it does not hibernate, and"
"sunbathing while stretched out on a branch. They differ distinctly in colouration and markings, except for having universally totally black faces. Diademed sifaka The diademed sifaka (""Propithecus diadema""), or diademed simpona, is an endangered species of sifaka, one of the lemurs endemic to certain rainforests in eastern Madagascar. This species is one of the world's largest living lemurs, with a total adult length of approximately 105 centimetres (41 inches), half of which is tail. Russell Mittermeier, one of the contemporary authorities on lemurs, describes the diademed sifaka as ""one of the most colorful and attractive of all the lemurs"", having"
"the protection of isolated and distinct lemur populations. Not everyone in the scientific community supports these taxonomic changes, with some preferring instead an estimate of 50 living species. Since their arrival on Madagascar, a biogeographically isolated island with a unique mammalian fauna, lemurs have diversified both in behavior and morphology. Their diversity rivals that of the monkeys and apes found throughout the rest of the world, especially when the recently extinct subfossil lemurs are considered. Ranging in size from the Madame Berthe's mouse lemur, probably the world's smallest primate, to the extinct ""Archaeoindris fontoynonti"", the largest known prosimian, lemurs evolved"
"Ring-tailed lemur The ring-tailed lemur (""Lemur catta"") is a large strepsirrhine primate and the most recognized lemur due to its long, black and white ringed tail. It belongs to Lemuridae, one of five lemur families, and is the only member of the Lemur genus. Like all lemurs it is endemic to the island of Madagascar. Known locally in Malagasy as ' (, spelled ' in French) or """", it inhabits gallery forests to spiny scrub in the southern regions of the island. It is omnivorous and the most terrestrial of extant lemurs. The animal is diurnal, being active exclusively in"
"Lemuridae Lemuridae is a family of strepsirrhine primates native to Madagascar, and the Comoros Islands. They are represented by the Lemuriformes in Madagascar with one of the highest concentration of the lemurs. One of five families commonly known as lemurs. These animals were once thought to be the evolutionary predecessors of monkeys and apes, but this is no longer considered correct. Lemurids are medium-sized arboreal primates, ranging from 32 to 56 cm in length, excluding the tail, and weighing from 0.7 to 5 kg. They have long, bushy tails and soft, woolly fur of varying coloration. The hindlegs are slightly"
"Fat-tailed dwarf lemur The fat-tailed dwarf lemur (""Cheirogaleus medius""), also known as the lesser dwarf lemur, western fat-tailed dwarf lemur, or spiny forest dwarf lemur, is endemic to Madagascar. Recent research has shown that ""C. medius"" hibernates (or aestivates), even though in the tropical winter of Madagascar, temperatures remain high. It is the first tropical mammal and only primate in which hibernation has been demonstrated. However, the Malagasy winter is dry, and it appears that the lemur is avoiding the drought. It can hibernate for seven months. Unlike animals that hibernate in temperate regions, the lemur does not control its"
"alive on the high plateau in 350 BCE when the first humans reached the west coast of Madagascar, despite being rare by that time. Consequently, it would have been especially vulnerable to hunting and habitat loss. Archaeoindris Archaeoindris fontoynontii is an extinct giant lemur and the largest primate known to have evolved on Madagascar, comparable in size to a male gorilla. It belonged to a family of extinct lemurs known as ""sloth lemurs"" (Palaeopropithecidae), and because of its extremely large size, it has been compared to the ground sloths that once roamed North and South America. It was most closely"
"Giant mouse lemur The giant mouse lemurs (members of the genus Mirza) are a genus of strepsirrhine primates. Two species have been formally described; the northern giant mouse lemur (""Mirza zaza"") and Coquerel's giant mouse lemur (""Mirza coquereli""). Like all other lemurs, they are native to Madagascar, where they are found in the western dry deciduous forests and further to the north in the Sambirano valley and Sahamalaza Peninsula. First described in 1867 as a single species, they were grouped with mouse lemurs and dwarf lemurs. In 1870, British zoologist John Edward Gray assigned them to their own genus, ""Mirza""."
"Pygmy mouse lemur Pygmy mouse lemur (Microcebus myoxinus), also known as Peters' mouse lemur or dormouse lemur, is a primate weighing only ; it is the second smallest of the mouse lemurs. Its dorsal side is a rufous-brown colour, and creamy-white ventrally. It lives in dry deciduous forests. The pygmy mouse lemur measures around (head-body length). Its small size and nocturnal nature made it difficult to locate for over a century, and was rediscovered in the Kirindy forest in western Madagascar in 1993. They are believed to inhabit other parts of the island, but so far have only been discovered"