"hilly country against an enemy shown as Canaanite. Yurco suggested that this scene was to be equated with the Israel of the stele. While the idea that Merneptah's Israelites are to be seen on the walls of the temple has had an influence on many theories regarding the significance of the inscription, not all Egyptologists accept Yurco's ascription of the reliefs to Merneptah. Merneptah Stele The Merneptah Stele—also known as the Israel Stele or the Victory Stele of Merneptah—is an inscription by the ancient Egyptian king Merneptah (reign: 1213 to 1203 BC) discovered by Flinders Petrie in 1896 at Thebes,"
"Wales at Cardiff, where it is found today. The Geologists' Association in Britain awards the Henry Stopes Memorial Medal for work on the Prehistory of Man triennially. Henry Stopes Henry Stopes (1852, Colchester – 1902, Greenhithe) was an English brewer, architect and amateur paleontologist of repute in late 19th century London. He amassed the largest private collection of fossils and lithic artefacts in Britain. He was the husband of Shakespearean scholar and feminist, Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, and father of Marie Stopes, the birth control advocate. Stopes was the first Briton to claim to have found Palaeolithic implements in the Thames"
"J. F. S. Stone John Frederick Smerdon Stone (1891? – 1957) was a British archaeologist, most famous for his work in and around Wiltshire, especially at Stonehenge and the Woodhenge area. In 1947, Dr Stone excavated the first ever trench across the Stonehenge cursus, at a site near the Fargo Plantation a little north west of the stone circle. This permitted its dating for the first time and Dr Stone was able to establish its prehistoric date and that it had been constructed using antler picks in irregular sections. In the cursus ditch fill, he also found a piece of"
"C ""Stonehenge Complete"" (Thames and Hudson, London, 2004) J. F. S. Stone John Frederick Smerdon Stone (1891? – 1957) was a British archaeologist, most famous for his work in and around Wiltshire, especially at Stonehenge and the Woodhenge area. In 1947, Dr Stone excavated the first ever trench across the Stonehenge cursus, at a site near the Fargo Plantation a little north west of the stone circle. This permitted its dating for the first time and Dr Stone was able to establish its prehistoric date and that it had been constructed using antler picks in irregular sections. In the cursus"
"Jewish military history Jewish military history focuses on the military aspect of history of the Jewish people from ancient times until the modern age. While complete details in the Biblical account of a system of fighting forms are not extant, the Midrashic, Talmudic, and Rabbinic accounts testify to fighting and combat strategies used by the ancient Israelites as well as legendary depictions of Israelite combatants. The Merneptah Stele was discovered in 1896 and is dated to (circa) 1208 BC. The last 3 of the 28 lines of the text deal with a separate campaign in Canaan. It mentions a victory"
"on 5 July 1894 at his residence 1 Queen Anne Street, Marylebone, London. After a post mortem autopsy his remains were cremated at the Woking Crematorium in Surrey. His ashes were interred in the cemetery of Canford Magna Parish Church in Dorset, England. Austen Henry Layard Sir Austen Henry Layard (; 5 March 18175 July 1894) was an English traveller, archaeologist, cuneiformist, art historian, draughtsman, collector, politician and diplomat. He is best known as the excavator of Nimrud and of Nineveh, where he uncovered a large proportion of the Assyrian palace reliefs known, and in 1851 the library of Ashurbanipal."
"bar in the Middle Temple and practised for some years on the Oxford circuit. In the early 1870s W. J. Cripps began research on old English plate. In 1878 he published ""Old English Plate"", which went through nine editions by 1906 and provided valuable information for buyers of antique plate. In June 1880 he was elected a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London. He was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1889 Birthday Honours. Around the site of the forum of Roman Cirencester, Cripps excavated remains of the basilica and other buildings. He"
"Arthur Holmes Prof Arthur Holmes FRS FRSE LLD (14 January 1890 – 20 September 1965) was a British geologist who made two major contributions to the understanding of geology. He pioneered the use of radiometric dating of minerals and was the first earth scientist to grasp the mechanical and thermal implications of mantle convection, which led eventually to the acceptance of plate tectonics. He was born in Hebburn, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the son of David Holmes, a cabinet-maker, and his wife, Emily Dickinson. As a child, he lived in Low Fell, Gateshead, and attended the Gateshead Higher Grade School (later Gateshead"
"site is now in the British Museum. He is also known for his important part in excavations at Knossos and various other sites on Crete between 1898 and 1901 . Marshall was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in June 1910 and knighted in January 1915. Sir John Marshall was elected a Fellow of the British Academy in 1936 . John Marshall (archaeologist) Sir John Hubert Marshall, CIE, FBA (19 March 1876, Chester, England – 17 August 1958, Guildford, England) was the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1902 to 1928. He oversaw"
"many artifacts from his excavations are considered to be lost. Rowe published extensive findings from excavating large parts of the Serapeum of Alexandria in 1956 together with B. R. Rees, including a detailed floor plan. Rowe and Rees 1956 suggested that statues found at the Serapeum of Alexandria and Memphis Saqqara, share a similar theme, such as with Plato's Academy mosaic. Alan Rowe (archaeologist) Alan Jenvey Rowe (29 October 1891 – 3 January 1968) was a British archaeologist most famous for his studies on ancient Egypt. Rowe was an egyptologist and speaker of Near Eastern Archaeology in Manchester University. Born"
"Alan Rowe (archaeologist) Alan Jenvey Rowe (29 October 1891 – 3 January 1968) was a British archaeologist most famous for his studies on ancient Egypt. Rowe was an egyptologist and speaker of Near Eastern Archaeology in Manchester University. Born in Deptford and raised in Essex, Rowe's work included Egypt, Cyrenaica, Australia, Palestine and Syria. Between 1923 and 1925 he took part in a core expedition to Giza. He worked from 1928 to 1931 on the pyramid of Meidum, and surrounding areas, during this time he discovered the first royal necropolis built in a style of a royal court. His work"
"death. Stephen Emmel has said that his publication of these texts was ""too full of errors to be relied on for serious purposes"", but that no-one else has undertaken the task. Amélineau also excavated in Egypt, at a period when archaeology had yet to become a scientific subject distinguishable from tomb raiding or treasure hunting. Much of his work was on the Early Dynastic period of Ancient Egypt. In 1895 he discovered a stele inscribed with the name of pharaoh Djet. This object is now on display at the Louvre. He was the first archaeologist to excavate the tombs of"
"Henry Stopes Henry Stopes (1852, Colchester – 1902, Greenhithe) was an English brewer, architect and amateur paleontologist of repute in late 19th century London. He amassed the largest private collection of fossils and lithic artefacts in Britain. He was the husband of Shakespearean scholar and feminist, Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, and father of Marie Stopes, the birth control advocate. Stopes was the first Briton to claim to have found Palaeolithic implements in the Thames river valley. Stopes was born into the brewing business. Although apprenticed elsewhere, when his brother Aylmer died in 1871, he was brought into the family brewing business"
"the Riviera, dying in Rapallo, Italy on 11 February 1929. He was buried in the Cimitero Urbano. Charles Hercules Read Sir Charles Hercules Read, FBA (6 July 1857 – 11 February 1929) was a British archaeologist and curator who became Keeper of British and Medieval Antiquities and Ethnography at the British Museum, and President of the London Society of Antiquaries, following his mentor Augustus Wollaston Franks in the first position in 1896, and in the second from 1908–14 and again in 1919, after being Secretary since 1892. He began periods as President of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain"
"Aurel Stein Sir Marc Aurel Stein, (; 26 November 1862 – 26 October 1943) was a Hungarian-born British archaeologist, primarily known for his explorations and archaeological discoveries in Central Asia. He was also a professor at Indian universities. Stein was also an ethnographer, geographer, linguist and surveyor. His collection of books and manuscripts taken from Dunhuang caves is important for the study of the history of Central Asia and the art and literature of Buddhism. He wrote several volumes on his expeditions and discoveries which include ""Ancient Khotan"", ""Serindia"" and ""Innermost Asia"". Stein was born to Nathan Stein and Anna"
"they encountered. One of the first sites to undergo archaeological excavation was Stonehenge and other megalithic monuments in England. John Aubrey (1626–1697) was a pioneer archaeologist who recorded numerous megalithic and other field monuments in southern England. He was also ahead of his time in the analysis of his findings. He attempted to chart the chronological stylistic evolution of handwriting, medieval architecture, costume, and shield-shapes. Excavations were also carried out in the ancient towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum, both of which had been covered by ash during the Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. These excavations began in 1748"
"Randolph Kirkpatrick Randolph Kirkpatrick (1863 – 1950) was a British spongiologist, cnidariologist and bryozoologist. He was assistant keeper of lower invertebrates at the British Natural History Museum from 1886 until his retirement in 1927. Kirkpatrick published a limited number of papers on the sponges of Antarctica and the Indian Ocean. However, his most significant work was carried out on ""Merlia"", a species of coralline sponge (a sponge which secretes a coral-like limestone skeleton). He was the first to correctly interpret these unusual sponges, but his work was largely ignored until the 1960s when T. F. Goreau and his colleagues W."
"Grahame Clark Sir John Grahame Douglas Clark (28 July 1907 – 12 September 1995), who often published as J. G. D. Clark, was a British archaeologist who specialised in the study of Mesolithic Europe and palaeoeconomics. He spent most of his career working at the University of Cambridge, where he was appointed Disney Professor of Archaeology from 1952 to 1974 and Master of Peterhouse from 1973 to 1980. Born in Kent to an upper-middle-class family, Clark developed an early interest in archaeology through his collection of prehistoric flint tools. After an education at Marlborough College, he proceeded to Peterhouse in"
"person to discover plant-bearing cherts. In 1918 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were John Horne, Ben Peach, Sir John Smith Flett and Robert Kidston. Aberdeen University awarded him an honorary doctorate (LLD) for his contributions to Geology in 1923. He was President of the Edinburgh Geological Society from 1925 to 1927. He resigned from the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1932. He died in Glasgow on 15 July 1932. William Mackie (geologist) Dr William Mackie FRSE DPH LLD (1856-1932) was a Scottish physician and public health specialist, remembered for his contributions to"
"Austen Henry Layard Sir Austen Henry Layard (; 5 March 18175 July 1894) was an English traveller, archaeologist, cuneiformist, art historian, draughtsman, collector, politician and diplomat. He is best known as the excavator of Nimrud and of Nineveh, where he uncovered a large proportion of the Assyrian palace reliefs known, and in 1851 the library of Ashurbanipal. Layard was born in Paris, France, to a family of Huguenot descent. His father, Henry Peter John Layard, of the Ceylon Civil Service, was the son of Charles Peter Layard, Dean of Bristol, and grandson of Daniel Peter Layard the physician. His mother,"
"Legacy"". They noted that up to that point there had been ""little in-depth assessment"" of Clark's influence in archaeology, in particular in contrast to the large number of Childe. Grahame Clark Sir John Grahame Douglas Clark (28 July 1907 – 12 September 1995), who often published as J. G. D. Clark, was a British archaeologist who specialised in the study of Mesolithic Europe and palaeoeconomics. He spent most of his career working at the University of Cambridge, where he was appointed Disney Professor of Archaeology from 1952 to 1974 and Master of Peterhouse from 1973 to 1980. Born in Kent"
"the Merneptah Stele from between 1208-3 BCE at the end of the Bronze Age. A reasonably Bible-friendly interpretation is that they were a federation of Habiru tribes of the hill-country around the Jordan River. Presumably, this federation consolidated into the kingdom of Israel, and Judah split from that, during the dark age that followed the Bronze. The Bronze Age term ""Habiru"" was less specific than the Biblical ""Hebrew"". The term referred simply to Levantine nomads, of any religion or ethnicity. Mesopotamian, Hittite, Canaanite, and Egyptian sources describe them largely as bandits, mercenaries, and slaves. Certainly, there were some Habiru slaves"
"Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site The Bontnewydd palaeolithic site (; also known in its unmutated form as Pontnewydd Welsh language: 'New bridge') is an archaeological site near St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales which has yielded one of the earliest known remains of Neanderthals in Britain. It is located a few yards east of the River Elwy, near the hamlet of Bontnewydd, near Cefn Meiriadog, Denbighshire. Bontnewydd was excavated from 1978 by a team from the University of Wales, led by Dr. Stephen Aldhouse Green. Teeth and part of a jawbone excavated in the cave in 1981 were dated to 230,000 years ago. The"
"Sebek-khu Stele The Sebek-khu Stele, also known as the Stele of Khu-sobek, is an inscription in honour of a man named Sebek-khu (Khu-sobek) who lived during the reign of Senusret III (reign: 1878 – 1839 BC) discovered by John Garstang in 1901 outside Khu-sobek's tomb at Abydos, Egypt, and now housed in the Manchester Museum. The text is largely about Khu-sobek's life, and is historically important because it records the earliest known Egyptian military campaign in Canaan (or elsewhere in Asia). The text reads ""Then Sekmem fell, together with the wretched Retenu"", where Sekmem (s-k-m-m) is thought to be Shechem."
"Sebek-khu Stele The Sebek-khu Stele, also known as the Stele of Khu-sobek, is an inscription in honour of a man named Sebek-khu (Khu-sobek) who lived during the reign of Senusret III (reign: 1878 – 1839 BC) discovered by John Garstang in 1901 outside Khu-sobek's tomb at Abydos, Egypt, and now housed in the Manchester Museum. The text is largely about Khu-sobek's life, and is historically important because it records the earliest known Egyptian military campaign in Canaan (or elsewhere in Asia). The text reads ""Then Sekmem fell, together with the wretched Retenu"", where Sekmem (s-k-m-m) is thought to be Shechem."
"2005 BBC docudrama ""Egypt"". Jacques Joseph Champollion-Figeac Jacques Joseph Champollion-Figeac (5 October 1778 – 9 May 1867) was a French archaeologist, elder brother of Jean-François Champollion (decipherer of the Rosetta Stone). He was born at Figeac in the ""département"" of Lot. He became professor of Greek and librarian at Grenoble. His research in Grenoble in 1803 revealed the existence of a Merovingian crypt under the church of St. Laurent. He was compelled to retire in 1816 on account of the part he had taken during the Hundred Days. He afterwards became keeper of manuscripts at the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris,"
"year. In 1956 he was awarded the MBE for his services to the history, archaeology and people of Coventry. Shelton died 29 November 1958, one week after being hit by a motorcycle while out walking in the Green Lane area. Since 1959, the John Shelton Memorial Lecture has been held in his name, and Shelton Square is named after him. John Bailey Shelton John Bailey Shelton MBE (19 March 1875 – 29 November 1958) was a British archaeologist who worked in the city of Coventry and a pioneer of rescue archaeology. JB Shelton was born on 19 March 1875 in"
"Dorothea Bate Dorothea Minola Alice Bate FGS (8 November 1878 – 13 January 1951), also known as Dorothy Bate, was a British palaeontologist, a pioneer of archaeozoology. Her life's work was to find fossils of recently extinct mammals with a view to understanding how and why giant and dwarf forms evolved. Born at Napier House, Carmarthen, Carmarthenshire, Bate was the daughter of Police Superintendent Henry Reginald Bate (born in Co. Wexford, Ireland) and his wife Elizabeth Fraser Whitehill. She had an older sister and a younger brother. She had little formal education and once commented that her education ""was only"
"in the ""Athribis Stele"" and the ""Cairo Column"". The ""Cairo column"" is a section of a granite column now in the Cairo Museum, which was first published by Maspero in 1881 with just two readable sentences – the first confirming the date of Year 5 and the second stating: ""The wretched [chief] of Libya has invaded with ——, being men and women, Shekelesh (S'-k-rw-s) ——"". The ""Athribis stela"" is a granite stela found in Athribis and inscribed on both sides, which, like the Cairo column was first published by Maspero, two years later in 1883. The Merneptah Stele from Thebes"
"Arthur Cruttenden Mace Arthur Cruttenden Mace (17 July 1874 – 6 April 1928) was a Tasmanian-born British Egyptologist. A student and cousin of W. M. Flinders Petrie, Mace began his career excavating for Petrie at Dendera, Hiw and Abydos, then excavated with George A. Reisner at Giza and Naga el-Deir. Examples of his finds are in many museums in the United Kingdom. In 1901 he became Assistant Curator of Egyptian Art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.<br> He was a member of Howard Carter's team during the discovery of Tutankhamun's tomb (KV62) in 1922, and provided an invaluable"
"his life and at the age of 76 he set off for Italy and the East (Constantinople) with a view of connecting the geology of his researches on the geology of India with that of Europe, but he was taken ill en route with oedema (""dropsy""), probably caused by cardiac problems, and died at Naples on 2 April 1855. He is buried in Kensal Green Cemetery, North London. The grave lies on the south side of the main east-west path. A marble bust by Sir Richard Westmacott commissioned for one hundred pounds in 1842 is now in the Geological Society"
"Charles Hercules Read Sir Charles Hercules Read, FBA (6 July 1857 – 11 February 1929) was a British archaeologist and curator who became Keeper of British and Medieval Antiquities and Ethnography at the British Museum, and President of the London Society of Antiquaries, following his mentor Augustus Wollaston Franks in the first position in 1896, and in the second from 1908–14 and again in 1919, after being Secretary since 1892. He began periods as President of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland in 1899 and 1917. He was knighted in 1912 and retired from the British Museum"
"free of foot measuring over 10 meters. The offered through the Egyptologist Ippolito Rosellini, the Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany who refused due to difficulties and any transportation costs. Following this, the pasha of Egypt 'Mehmet Ali gave it to the British Museum in London, which in turn declined the offer for the same reasons. It was then built on the place a museum where you can still find it. In 1835, when he was already 65 years old, the British Egyptologists Richard William Howard Vyse and John Shae Perring hired him as an assistant for their excavations at"