"He also put forth the idea of an earth-centered universe, an idea widely believed until the 1500s when Copernicus began to suggest that the earth and other planets in the solar system actually revolve around the sun (called the ""heliocentric"" (Sun-centered) theory). Gerardus Mercator, originally name Gerard De Cremer or simply Kremer(?) (born on March 5, 1512 in Rupelmonde, Flanders [now in Belgium]; died on December 2, 1594 in Duisburg, Duchy of Cleve [now in Germany]) was a cartographer famous for creating a heart-shaped representation of the earth (also called the ""Mercator projection"" of the earth) in response to a"
"Gerardus Mercator Gerardus Mercator (; 5 March 1512 – 2 December 1594) was a 16th-century German-Flemish cartographer, geographer and cosmographer. He was renowned for creating the 1569 world map based on a new projection which represented sailing courses of constant bearing (rhumb lines) as straight lines—an innovation that is still employed in nautical charts. Mercator was one of the founders of the Netherlandish school of cartography and is widely considered as the most notable figure of the school in its golden age (approximately 1570s–1670s). In his own day he was the world's most famous geographer but, in addition, he had"
"The definitive work is ""Globi neerlandici: the production of globes in the Low Countries"" by Peter van der Krogt. Gerardus Mercator Gerardus Mercator (; 5 March 1512 – 2 December 1594) was a 16th-century German-Flemish cartographer, geographer and cosmographer. He was renowned for creating the 1569 world map based on a new projection which represented sailing courses of constant bearing (rhumb lines) as straight lines—an innovation that is still employed in nautical charts. Mercator was one of the founders of the Netherlandish school of cartography and is widely considered as the most notable figure of the school in its golden"
"Henricus Hondius II Henricus Hondius II or Hendrik Hondius the Younger (1597 – 16 August 1651) was a Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher. He was born in Amsterdam, the son of the famous cartographer Jodocus Hondius who had started a map-making business in the city. Henricus obtained the original plates of the Mercator 1569 world map, and published a 1606 version of it. After his father died in 1612 Henricus co-ran the business with his brother-in-law. In 1621 opened his own company in his hometown. The first time his name was mentioned in an atlas was in 1623 when he"
"globe there is a museum with an exhibition about the beginnings and the bloom of long distance trade between India and the western world in the 16th century. Mercateum It is located in the centre of Königsbrunn in the district of Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. The globe is intended as a memorial to trade relations between the Bavarian regions of Swabia and Franconia and India. The name ""Mercateum"" is derived from the Latin word ""mercator"", meaning 'trader', 'merchant', but also refers to the important cartographer Gerhard Mercator. Originally part of a temporary exhibition in Munich commemorating the 500th anniversary of trade"
"Mercateum It is located in the centre of Königsbrunn in the district of Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. The globe is intended as a memorial to trade relations between the Bavarian regions of Swabia and Franconia and India. The name ""Mercateum"" is derived from the Latin word ""mercator"", meaning 'trader', 'merchant', but also refers to the important cartographer Gerhard Mercator. Originally part of a temporary exhibition in Munich commemorating the 500th anniversary of trade relations with India (1505-2005), it was later moved to its permanent location in Königsbrunn, where it was officially opened to the public on March 30, 2008. Inside the"
"120 pages of maps and illustrated title pages but a greater number of pages are devoted to his account of the creation of the universe and descriptions of all the countries portrayed. His table of chronology ran to some 400 pages fixing the dates (from the time of creation) of earthly dynasties, major political and military events, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and eclipses. He also wrote on the gospels and the old testament. Mercator was a devout Christian born into a Catholic family at a time when Martin Luther's Protestantism was gaining ground. He never declared himself as a Lutheran but"
"Mercator projection The Mercator projection is a cylindrical map projection presented by the Flemish geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator in 1569. It became the standard map projection for nautical navigation because of its ability to represent lines of constant course, known as rhumb lines or loxodromes, as straight segments that conserve the angles with the meridians. Although the linear scale is equal in all directions around any point, thus preserving the angles and the shapes of small objects (making it a conformal map projection), the Mercator projection distorts the size of objects as the latitude increases from the Equator to"
"founders of modern cartography with his invention of Mercator projection. Mercator was the first to use the term 'atlas' (in a geographical context) to describe a bound collection of maps through his own collection entitled ""Atlas sive Cosmographicae meditationes de fabrica mvndi et fabricati figvra"" (1595). The hypothesis that continents might have 'drifted' was first put forward by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. Some notable scholars/historians of Netherlandish cartography and geography include Cornelis Koeman, Peter van der Krogt, Günter Schilder, Benjamin Schmidt, Elizabeth A. Sutton, Claudia Swan, and Kees Zandvliet. Gerardus Mercator, the German-Netherlandish cartographer and geographer with a vast output"
"he was clearly sympathetic and he was accused of heresy (""Lutheranye""). He spent six months in prison but he emerged unscathed. This period of persecution is probably the major factor in his move from Catholic Leuven (Louvain) to a more tolerant Duisburg where he lived for the last thirty years of his life. Walter Ghim, Mercator's friend and first biographer, describes him as sober in his behaviour, yet cheerful and witty in company, and never more happy than in debate with other scholars, but above all he was pious and studious until his dying days. Gerardus Mercator was born Geert"
"himself, and the name has been preserved to our day. Michael van Langren Michael Florent van Langren (bapt. 27 April 1598 Amsterdam – May 1675 Brussels) was an astronomer and cartographer of the Low Countries in the service of the Spanish Monarchy. His Latinized name is Langrenus. Michael van Langren was the youngest member of a family of Dutch cartographers. His grandfather, Jacob Floris van Langren was born in Gelderland but moved to the Southern Netherlands and later to Amsterdam, where his sons Arnoldus and Henricus were born. Unusually, each member of the family retained the second name Floris rather"
"Mercator Telescope The Mercator Telescope is a 1.2m telescope at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos on La Palma. It is operated by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (Leuven University), Belgium, in collaboration with the Observatory of the University of Geneva and named after Gerard Mercator, famous cartographer. The telescope contains two different measuring devices. First of all, there is the ""MeropeII"" CCD camera. This camera has a size of 2k by 6k pixels Frame Transfer detector originally designed for ESA's canceled Eddington space mission. The filters used together with this camera are according to the so-called ""geneva photometric system""."
"Gerard Mercator and Jodocus Hondius, the father of Hendrik. Among its claims to notability is the fact that it was the first dated map published in an atlas, and therefore the first widely available map, to show any part of Australia, the only previous map to do so being Hessel Gerritsz' 1627 ""Caert van't Landt van d'Eendracht"" (""Chart of the Land of Eendracht""), which was not widely distributed or recognised. The Australian coastline shown is part of the west coast of Cape York Peninsula, discovered by Jan Carstensz in 1623. Curiously, the map does not show the west coast features"
"school was in Latin and he would read, write and converse in Latin – and give himself a new Latin name, Gerardus Mercator Rupelmundanus, Mercator being the Latin translation of Kremer, which means ""merchant"". The Brethren were renowned for their scriptorium and here Mercator might have encountered the italic script which he employed in his later work. The brethren were also renowned for their thoroughness and discipline, well attested by Erasmus who had attended the school forty years before Mercator. From a famous school, Mercator moved to the famous University of Leuven, where his full Latin name appears in the"
"at Vienna. He drew 27 maps for a copy of the ""Geography"" by Ptolemy (see image). Claudius Clavus Claudius Clavus (Suartho) also known as ""Nicholas Niger"", (), (September 14, 1388-?), was a Danish geographer sometimes considered to be the first Nordic cartographer. It is believed that he was born in the village of Salling on the Danish island of Funen. He is commemorated by a plaque in the local ""Aagaarden"". In 1412-13 at the age of 25 he started to travel around Europe and appeared eleven years later (1423–24) in Rome. It is believed he travelled as far north as"
"Jodocus Hondius Jodocus Hondius (Latinized version of his Dutch name: ""Joost de Hondt"") (14 October 1563 – 12 February 1612) was a Flemish engraver and cartographer. He is sometimes called Jodocus Hondius the Elder to distinguish him from his son Jodocus Hondius II. Hondius is best known for his early maps of the New World and Europe, for re-establishing the reputation of the work of Gerard Mercator, and for his portraits of Francis Drake. One of the notable figures in the Golden Age of Dutch/Netherlandish cartography (c. 1570s–1670s), he helped establish Amsterdam as the center of cartography in Europe in"
"Abraham Ortelius's ""Theatrum Orbis Terrarum"" and Johannes Blaeu's ""Atlas Maior"". It is often described as the most beautiful celestial atlas ever published. In the foreword to his ""Chronologica"", Gerard Mercator stated the intention to publish an atlas which would cover everything of the then-known cosmos, geography and history of the earth. During his life, Mercator published five volumes of his atlas, the last one being published by his son Rumold. After Mercator's death, the Amsterdam cartographer Johannes Janssonius took over the project. He and fellow-cartographer Hendricus Hondius published their ""Novus Atlas"" in 1636, which featured over 320 maps in four"
"Petrus Bertius Petrus Bertius (also Peter Bertius; Pieter de Bert) (14 November 1565 – 13 October 1629) was a Flemish theologian, historian, geographer and cartographer. Bertius published much in mathematics, and historical and theological works, but he is now best known as cartographer with his edition of the ""Geographia"" of Ptolemy (based on Mercator's edition from 1578), and for its atlas. He was born in Beveren (Alveringem), the son of a Flemish preacher Pieter Michielszoon Bardt, who left Flanders for religious exile in London around 1568, with his family.. In 1577 Petrus Bertius returned to the Netherlands, to study at"
"published the fifth edition of the Mercator-Hondius atlas. After 1628 Henricus partnered with the cartographer Jan Janssonius and together they continued the business. He died in Amsterdam. He came from a different family from Hendrik Hondius I; there were two families engaged in very similar activities at the same time. Henricus Hondius II Henricus Hondius II or Hendrik Hondius the Younger (1597 – 16 August 1651) was a Dutch engraver, cartographer and publisher. He was born in Amsterdam, the son of the famous cartographer Jodocus Hondius who had started a map-making business in the city. Henricus obtained the original plates"
"distances whose determination requires more sophisticated calculations. Mercator projection The Mercator projection is a cylindrical map projection presented by the Flemish geographer and cartographer Gerardus Mercator in 1569. It became the standard map projection for nautical navigation because of its ability to represent lines of constant course, known as rhumb lines or loxodromes, as straight segments that conserve the angles with the meridians. Although the linear scale is equal in all directions around any point, thus preserving the angles and the shapes of small objects (making it a conformal map projection), the Mercator projection distorts the size of objects as"
"was the site of the ‘first sustained encounter between the East and the West’. This encounter has engendered a unique culture and architecture that is evident in da Cunha's lively and rather Gaudíesque work. Born on 10 February 1955 in the city of Godhra, Gujarat, Gerard travelled across the country since childhood as his father worked with the State Bank of India and had a transferable job. He did most of his schooling at St. Mary’s in Mazgaon, Maharashtra. Later, he studied at the prestigious School of Planning and Architecture, Delhi, which is regarded as the best institution for architecture"
"Henricus Martellus Germanus Henricus Martellus Germanus is the latinized name of Heinrich Hammer (), a geographer and cartographer from Nuremberg who lived and worked in Florence from 1480 to 1496. Between around 1489 and 1491, he produced at least one world map which is remarkably similar to the terrestrial globe produced by Martin Behaim around 1492, the ""Erdapfel"". Both show novel adaptions of the existing Ptolemaic model, opening a passage south of Africa and creating an enormous new peninsula east of the Golden Chersonese (Malaysia). Both possibly derive from maps created around 1485 in Lisbon by Bartolomeo Columbus. The only"
"map. In addition there are examples of maps of the succeeding decades which did or did not use the Mercator projection. Where possible references are given to printed or online reproductions. Mercator 1569 world map The Mercator world map of 1569 is titled ""Nova et Aucta Orbis Terrae Descriptio ad Usum Navigantium Emendate Accommodata"" (Renaissance Latin for ""New and more complete representation of the terrestrial globe properly adapted for use in navigation""). The title shows that Gerardus Mercator aimed to present contemporary knowledge of the geography of the world and at the same time 'correct' the chart to be more"
"land use, shifting power from peasants to colonial institutions. In 1569, Gerardus Mercator introduced a map projection of the Earth which is now known as the Mercator projection. This projection maintained equally spaced longitudinal lines but spaced out the latitudinal lines. These lines were spaced farther apart as their distance from the Equator increased. This means that areas farther away from the Equator seam to be disproportionately large. Greenland, for example, appears to be larger than the continent of Africa. In reality, Africa’s area is 14 times greater than that of Greenland. Due to its common usage, the Mercator had"
"regions are shown as increasingly larger than they actually are the further from the equator they are. Mercator is also credited as the first to use the word ""atlas"" to describe a collection of maps. In the later years of his life, Mercator resolved to create his Atlas, a book filled with many maps of different regions of the world, as well as a chronological history of the world from the Earth's creation by God until 1568. He was unable to complete it to his satisfaction before he died. Still, some additions were made to the Atlas after his death"
"1680. Goos was born in 1616 into a cartographer's family in Amsterdam, Netherlands. His father, Abraham, was an established cartographer having published globes as well as land and sea maps at Antwerp. His mother was Stijntgen Theunisdr de Ram. In Antwerp, his father had associated with Jodocus Hondius and Johannes Janssonius. Goos followed in his footsteps, first creating pilot books and then moving into global sea atlases to assist navigation. His son, Henrik, followed in the family tradition of cartography and publishing. Goos operated from Amsterdam, which was the focal point of cartography (as Antwerp was affected by war) and"
"The map is preserved in the Museo Correr in Venice. The world map of Henricus Martellus Germanus (Heinrich Hammer), c. 1490, was remarkably similar to the terrestrial globe later produced by Martin Behaim in 1492, the ""Erdapfel"". Both show heavy influences from Ptolemy, and both possibly derive from maps created around 1485 in Lisbon by Bartolomeo Columbus. Although Martellus is believed to have been born in Nuremberg, Behaim's home town, he lived and worked in Florence from 1480 to 1496. The ""Erdapfel"" () produced by Martin Behaim in 1492 is considered to be the oldest surviving terrestrial globe. It is"
"Claudius Clavus Claudius Clavus (Suartho) also known as ""Nicholas Niger"", (), (September 14, 1388-?), was a Danish geographer sometimes considered to be the first Nordic cartographer. It is believed that he was born in the village of Salling on the Danish island of Funen. He is commemorated by a plaque in the local ""Aagaarden"". In 1412-13 at the age of 25 he started to travel around Europe and appeared eleven years later (1423–24) in Rome. It is believed he travelled as far north as the 70°10' N. lat. In Rome he became friends with the cardinal Giordano Orsini and the"
"is a land here, but its size and the limits of its boundaries are uncertain”). The outline of Fine’s ""Regio Patalis,"" though shown as a promontory of this smaller Antarctic continent, is likewise unnamed. In 1564, Mercator’s Flemish contemporary, Abraham Ortelius published a world map, ""Typus Orbis Terrarum"", on which he identified the ""Regio Patalis"" with ""Locach"" as a northward extension of the ""Terra Australis"": ”This tract is called by some Patalis""; and ""The Region of Locach seems to be placed here by Marco Polo the Venetian"". The great promontory terminated in the north with New Guinea, ""recently discovered, so"
"and often deliberately mistranslated to make the prophecies fit whatever events the translator believed they were supposed to have predicted. Nostradamus was born on either 14 or 21 December 1503 in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, Provence, France, where his claimed birthplace still exists, and baptized Michel. He was one of at least nine children of notary Jaume (or Jacques) de Nostredame and Reynière, granddaughter of Pierre de Saint-Rémy who worked as a physician in Saint-Rémy. Jaume's family had originally been Jewish, but his father, Cresquas, a grain and money dealer based in Avignon, had converted to Catholicism around 1459–60, taking the Christian name"
"Jan Janssonius Johannes Janssonius (1588, Arnhem – buried July 11, 1664, Amsterdam) (born Jan Janszoon, in English also Jan Jansson) was a Dutch cartographer and publisher who lived and worked in Amsterdam in the 17th century. Janssonius was born in Arnhem, the son of Jan Janszoon the Elder, a publisher and bookseller. In 1612 he married Elisabeth de Hondt, the daughter of Jodocus Hondius. He produced his first maps in 1616 of France and Italy. In 1623 Janssonius owned a bookstore in Frankfurt am Main, later also in Danzig, Stockholm, Copenhagen, Berlin, Königsberg, Geneva and Lyon. Elisabeth Hondius died in"
"Michael van Langren Michael Florent van Langren (bapt. 27 April 1598 Amsterdam – May 1675 Brussels) was an astronomer and cartographer of the Low Countries in the service of the Spanish Monarchy. His Latinized name is Langrenus. Michael van Langren was the youngest member of a family of Dutch cartographers. His grandfather, Jacob Floris van Langren was born in Gelderland but moved to the Southern Netherlands and later to Amsterdam, where his sons Arnoldus and Henricus were born. Unusually, each member of the family retained the second name Floris rather than a patronym. Jacob and his sons produced globes from"
"(including Spain and Portugal) and in 1606 a new edition appeared under his name but with full acknowledgement that most maps were created by Mercator. The title page now included a picture of Hondius and Mercator together although they had never met. Hondius was an accomplished business man and under his guidance the Atlas was an enormous success; he (followed by his son Henricus, and son-in-law Johannes Janssonius) produced 29 editions between 1609 and 1641, including one in English. In addition they published the atlas in a compact form, the Atlas Minor, which meant that it was readily available to"