"B. T. Dowd, a cartographer and historian of the NSW Lands Department. His study reaffirmed that the mountain named by Strzelecki as Mt Kosciuszko was indeed, as the NSW maps had always shown, Australia's highest summit. When Macarthur's field book of the historical journey was published in 1941 by C. Daley it further confirmed Dowd's clarification. This means that Targangil, mentioned in Spencer's 1885 article, was the indigenous name of Mt Townsend, not of Mt Kosciuszko. Mount Townsend Mount Townsend, a mountain in the Main Range of the Great Dividing Range, is located in the Snowy Mountains region of New"
"Australian Alps montane grasslands The Australian Alps montane grasslands is a montane grassland ecoregion of south-eastern Australia, restricted to the montane regions above 1300 metres (the upper altitudinal limit of ""Eucalyptus pauciflora""). The Australian Alps occupy less than 0.3% of the Australian landmass and run for 600 km from the Brindabella Ranges near Canberra along the borders of the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales and Victoria almost as far as Melbourne. The highest point is Mount Kosciuszko (2,228 m) in the Snowy Mountains. On the Australian mainland these are the south-eastern section of the country's Great Dividing Range while"
"Guinea's Bismarck Range as the highest mountain in Australia, on account of Indonesia being part of Asia. (See List of Southeast Asian mountains, which includes Puncak Jaya and other mountains in Papua, Indonesia.) However, such a definition is political, not geophysical, and would mean that Papua changed continents in 1969. For a list of elevation extremes based on national political boundaries see List of elevation extremes by country. In terms of Australia as a country, Mawson Peak () is higher than Kosciuszko; however, it is not located in Oceania, but on Heard island, a small island territory in the southern"
"Kosciuszko would likely revert to being the highest of that plate (see also Australasia). The highest mountain on the Australian mainland is Mount Kosciuszko, above sea level. However, the highest mountain in the Australian continent which includes Australia and New Guinea is Puncak Jaya, above sea level, in the Indonesian province of Papua on the island of New Guinea, which lies on the Australian continental shelf. Mount Kosciuszko is very easy to climb, being a four hour, grade 3 return walk from the nearest car park, while Puncak Jaya is difficult. Some sources claim Mount Wilhelm () in Papua New"
"Kosciuszko National Park The Kosciuszko National Park is a national park and contains mainland Australia's highest peak, Mount Kosciuszko, for which it is named, and Cabramurra the highest town in Australia. Its borders contain a mix of rugged mountains and wilderness, characterised by an alpine climate, which makes it popular with recreational skiers and bushwalkers. The park is located in the southeastern corner of New South Wales, southwest of Sydney, and is contiguous with the Alpine National Park in Victoria to the south, and the Namadgi National Park in the Australian Capital Territory to the northeast. The larger towns of"
"mainland Australia, Mount Kosciuszko (), to represent the Australian continent's highest summit. Reinhold Messner proposed another list (the ""Messner"" or ""Carstensz"" list) replacing Mount Kosciuszko with Western New Guinea's Puncak Jaya (), which is part of Indonesia. Following the Bass list, Mount Twynam is the third-highest summit () in Australia. According to the Messner list, Puncak Trikora (4,750 m) on New Guinea is the third-highest of the Australian continent. Heights of mountain peaks in West Papua are poorly established. However, SRTM data do support Puncak Mandala being taller than Puncak Trikora. Both lists consider the Caucasus Mountains as European. This"
"of summiting the high points on the smaller plates. The first Seven Summits list as postulated by Bass (the Bass or Kosciusko list) chose the highest mountain of mainland Australia, Mount Kosciuszko (), to represent the Australian continent's highest summit. Reinhold Messner postulated another list (the Messner or Carstensz list), replacing Mount Kosciuszko with Indonesia's Puncak Jaya, or Carstensz Pyramid (). Neither the Bass nor the Messner list includes Mont Blanc. From a mountaineering point of view, the Messner list is the more challenging one. Climbing Carstensz Pyramid has the character of an expedition, whereas the ascent of Kosciuszko is"
"includes, for example, the mountainous islands of New Zealand. For both the geological and conventional continent, New Guinea's Carstensz Pyramid () is the highest summit. When considering a continent as a continuous landmass surrounded by oceans, mainland Australia would be its own continent, with Mount Kosciuszko () as its highest summit. The Seven Second Summits list follows the Seven Summits list created by Richard Bass, who chose the highest mountain of mainland Australia, Mount Kosciuszko (2,228 m), to represent the Australian continent's highest summit. Reinhold Messner proposed another list (the Messner or Carstensz list), replacing Mount Kosciuszko with Western New"
"Gungartan Gungartan is a mountain located in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. With an elevation of above sea level, Gungartan is the highest mountain on mainland Australia not within the Main Range. It is located close to Whites River Hut in Kosciuszko National Park. Many walkers climb to the peak in summer as it offers excellent views of the surrounding national park. The overall climb to the peak is fairly easy and involves only minor scrambling close to the peak. In winter the mountain is generally snow covered and offers excellent backcountry skiing across the saddle."
"Gungartan Gungartan is a mountain located in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. With an elevation of above sea level, Gungartan is the highest mountain on mainland Australia not within the Main Range. It is located close to Whites River Hut in Kosciuszko National Park. Many walkers climb to the peak in summer as it offers excellent views of the surrounding national park. The overall climb to the peak is fairly easy and involves only minor scrambling close to the peak. In winter the mountain is generally snow covered and offers excellent backcountry skiing across the saddle."
"Kocsiuszko commences near the confluence of the Geehi River and the Swampy Plains River. This is the overlooked 3rd and most challenging route to the summit of Australia's highest mountain and Australia's biggest vertical ascent - 1800metres. Difficult Geehi River The Geehi River, a perennial river of the Murray catchment of the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Snowy Mountains region of New South Wales, Australia. The Geehi River rises below Mount Jagungal, part of Strumbo Range within the Kosciuszko National Park, and flows generally southwest before reaching its confluence with the Swampy Plain River, below Mount Youngal, near the"
"parts of the highlands are too rugged for agriculture and have been used for forestry. Many parts of the highlands which were not developed are now included in National Parks. All of mainland Australia's alpine areas, including its highest mountain, Mount Kosciuszko ( AHD), are part of this range, called the Main Range. The highest areas in southern New South Wales and eastern Victoria are known as the Australian Alps. The central core of the Great Dividing Range is dotted with hundreds of peaks and is surrounded by many smaller mountain ranges or spurs, canyons, valleys and plains of regional"
"when it was still a part of Gondwana. Its highest peak is Mount Kosciuszko at , which is relatively low in comparison to the highest mountains on other continents. Charles Rowland Twidale estimates that between 10 and 20% of Australia's modern landscapes formed during the Mesozoic when the continent was part of Gondwana. Australia is situated in the middle of the tectonic plate, and therefore currently has no active volcanism. Minor earthquakes which produce no damage occur regularly, while major earthquakes measuring greater than magnitude 6 occur on average every five years. The terrain is mostly low plateau with deserts,"
"Paweł Strzelecki Sir Paweł Edmund Strzelecki (; 24 June 17976 October 1873), also known as Paul Edmund de Strzelecki, was a Polish explorer and geologist who in 1845 also became a British subject. He is noted for his contributions to the exploration of Australia, particularly the Snowy Mountains and Tasmania as well as climbing and naming the highest mountain on the continent – Mount Kosciuszko (2,228 m). Strzelecki was born in 1797, in Glausche, Kingdom of Prussia (today the town is called Głuszyna, part of Nowe Miasto, Poznań, Poland), the third child of Franciszek Strzelecki, a Polish nobleman (szlachcic) leasing"
"zone does not include the Australian Antarctic Territory. Apart from Macquarie Island, Australia lies between latitudes 9° and 44°S, and longitudes 112° and 154°E. The Great Barrier Reef, the world's largest coral reef, lies a short distance off the north-east coast and extends for over . Mount Augustus, claimed to be the world's largest monolith, is located in Western Australia. At , Mount Kosciuszko on the Great Dividing Range is the highest mountain on the Australian mainland. Even taller are Mawson Peak (at ), on the remote Australian external territory of Heard Island, and, in the Australian Antarctic Territory, Mount"
"in Melbourne. Mount Kosciuszko, the highest mountain in Australia (not including its external territories), was named by the Polish explorer Count Paul Edmund Strzelecki in 1840, in honour of the Polish and American national hero and hero of the American Revolutionary War General Tadeusz Kościuszko, because Strzelecki perceived resemblance to the Kościuszko Mound in Kraków. Melbourne, Victoria has the largest Polish population in Australia which comprises a large part of the city's eclectic multicultural community. In 1986, the state of Victoria accounted for 36.4 percent of Australia's Polish-born population compared with 25.8 percent of the national population. A vast majority"
"Strzelecki, Polish patriot and Australian explorer, to name the highest mountain in Australia Mount Kosciuszko, because of its perceived resemblance to the Kościuszko Mound in Kraków. Kościuszko Mound Kościuszko Mound () in Kraków, Poland, erected by Cracovians in commemoration of the Polish national leader Tadeusz Kościuszko, is an artificial mound modeled after Kraków's prehistoric mounds of Krak and Wanda. A serpentine path leads to the top, approx. above sea level, with a panoramic view of the Vistula River and the city. It was completed in November 1823. The location selected for the monument was the natural Blessed Bronisława Hill (),"
"Australian Alps The Australian Alps, an interim Australian bioregion, is the highest mountain range in Australia. This range is located in southeastern Australia, and it straddles eastern Victoria, southeastern New South Wales, and the Australian Capital Territory. The Australian Alps contain Australia's only peaks exceeding in elevation above sea level. The Alps are the only bioregion on the Australian mainland in which deep snow falls annually. The Alps comprise an area of . The Australian Alps are part of the Great Dividing Range, the series of mountains, hills, and highlands that runs about from northern Queensland, through New South Wales,"
"includes ""The Messner List"" which omitted the Mount Kosciuszko in Australia, supporter of this list argues that the Puncak Jaya in Indonesia should be regarded as the Peak for the Australisia or Oceania continent. It is also due to the fact that the summiting the Mount Kosciuszko is relatively an easier task, as the mountain is significantly lower than other summits (only 2,228m above sea level). Another list is called ""The Bass List"", named after Richard Bass, the first mountaineer completed his list of ""seven summits"" which omitted the Puncak Jaya in Indonesia from the Eight Summits. This results in"
"Musgrave Ranges Musgrave Ranges is a mountain range in Central Australia, straddling the boundary of South Australia (Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara) and the Northern Territory (MacDonnell Shire), extending into Western Australia. It is between the Great Victoria Desert to the south and the Gibson Desert to the north. They have a length of and many peaks that have a height of more than , the highest being Mount Woodroffe at . They were originally inhabited by the indigenous Yankunytjatjara people. The English explorer William Gosse and his team were the first white people to visit the region in the 1870s. Gosse"
"were friends of the Morosini-Negroni family. Polish explorer Count Paweł Edmund Strzelecki named the highest mountain in Australia, Mount Kosciuszko. The mountain is the central feature of Kosciuszko National Park. There is a Kosciusko Avenue in Geelong, and one in Canberra, the capital of Australia. There are also streets named for Kościuszko in Saint Petersburg, Russia; downtown Belgrade, Serbia (""Ulica Tadeuša Košćuška""); Budapest, Hungary (""Kosciuszkó Tádé utca""); and Vilnius, Lithuania (""Kosciuškos gatvė""). A small street is named for Kościuszko in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A Kościuszko monument in Minsk, Belarus, was dedicated in 2005. Kościuszko is mentioned in Lord Byron's"
"Australia's highest terrain. The growing number of ski enthusiasts heading to Charlotte Pass led to the establishment of a cafe at Smiggin Holes around 1939, where horse-drawn sleighs would deliver skiers to be begin the arduous ski to the Kosciusko Chalet. The Kosciuszko National Park came into existence as the National Chase Snowy Mountains on 5 December 1906. In 1944 this became the Kosciuszko State Park, and then the Kosciuszko National Park in 1967. The name was misspelt as Kosciusko until 1997. The existence of the Park ensured the decline of the summer grazing industry, but the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric"
"Australian Alps. In 1840 he climbed the highest peak on mainland Australia and named it Mount Kosciuszko. He reached Melbourne on 28 May 1840. From 1840 to 1842 Strzelecki explored Tasmania (then known as Van Diemen's Land). Having travelled 11,000 kilometres (7,000 miles) through New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania, examining the geology along the way Strzelecki returned to England where he was awarded in May 1846 the Gold Medal of the Royal Geographical Society. The first settlers from Poland arrived in South Australia in 1856 and settled in the Clare Valley region in a place later called Polish Hill"
"the snowfields in Australia varies with latitude, however viable winter snows are generally found above 1500m: Thredbo, near mount Kosciuszko, has Australia's highest lifted point at 2037m and its base elevation is 1365m. Kiandra, in the Northern Skifields, has an elevation of 1400m, while Mount Mawson near Hobart, Tasmania is at 1250m. A number of well serviced resorts have been developed, including: Thredbo, Perisher, Charlotte Pass and Selwyn Snowfields in New South Wales; Mount Buller, Falls Creek, Mount Hotham, Mount Baw Baw and Mount Buffalo in Victoria; as well as the small resorts of Ben Lomond and Mount Mawson in"
"Australian Alps Walking Track The Australian Alps Walking Track is a long distance walking trail through the alpine areas of Victoria, New South Wales and ACT. It is 655 km long, starting at Walhalla, Victoria and running through to Tharwa, ACT near Canberra. The track weaves mainly through Australian national parks, such as Alpine National Park and Kosciuszko National Park, though it is not exclusively restricted to national parks. It ascends many peaks including Mount Kosciuszko, Mount Bogong, and Bimberi Peak, the highest points in N.S.W., Victoria, and the A.C.T. respectively. The AAWT crosses exposed high plains including the Victorian"
"Range Nature Reserves near Canberra, Kosciuszko in New South Wales, and Alpine and Snowy River National Parks and the Avon Wilderness Park in Victoria. This parkland which does suffer litter, trampling of wildlife and other damage associated with tourism including the clearance of parkland to create ski resorts. Australian Alps montane grasslands The Australian Alps montane grasslands is a montane grassland ecoregion of south-eastern Australia, restricted to the montane regions above 1300 metres (the upper altitudinal limit of ""Eucalyptus pauciflora""). The Australian Alps occupy less than 0.3% of the Australian landmass and run for 600 km from the Brindabella Ranges"
"the mountain each summer. The third and often overlooked route up Mount Kosciuszko is up the very challenging and historic Hannel's Spur Track (15.5 km) which approaches from the NW and is the only route to pass through the Western Fall Wilderness Zone – passing through 4 different bio-diversity bands along the ascent. The Hannel's Spur Track is officially Australia's biggest vertical ascent of 1800m. This is the same route that explorer Paul Strzelecki climbed and 'discovered' Kosciuszko in 1840 and also the same annual route that the stockmen once brought the cattle up/down from the valley almost 2 km"
"Australian Alps in 1839 and became the first European to ascend Australia's highest peak, which he named Mount Kosciuszko in honour of the Polish patriot Tadeusz Kościuszko. European explorers made their last great, often arduous and sometimes tragic expeditions into the interior of Australia during the second half of the 19th century—some with the official sponsorship of the colonial authorities and others commissioned by private investors. By 1850, large areas of the inland were still unknown to Europeans. Trailblazers like Edmund Kennedy and the Prussian naturalist Ludwig Leichhardt, had met tragic ends attempting to fill in the gaps during the"
"within Mount Kosciuszko National Park in the Snowy Mountains in New South Wales. It is only found at 1300 m above sea level (Osborne 1989). It is currently listed as critically endangered and is considered to be one of, if not, Australia's most endangered species. The northern corroboree frog has not suffered as badly as the southern. It is more widely distributed across about 550 km² of the Brindabella and Fiery Ranges in Namadgi National Park, Australian Capital Territory, and Kosciuszko National Park and Buccleuch State Forest in New South Wales. It is found above about 1000m and is found"
"of Mount Kosciuszko after starting at the coast away. Paul Every, who is credited as being the one who thought of holding such a race, was the inaugural co-winner in 2004. Higher peaks exist within territory administered or claimed by Australia, but outside the continent are Mawson Peak () on Heard Island and Dome Argus (), Mount McClintock () and Mount Menzies () in the Australian Antarctic Territory. Higher peaks in the region, but outside the mainland continent include: Australian rock band Midnight Oil performed a song called ""Kosciusko"" on its 1984 album ""Red Sails in the Sunset"", referring to"
"steep, many peaks of the range rise above , with the highest Mount Kosciuszko at . Skiing in Australia began in this region at Kiandra around 1861. The relatively short ski season underwrites the tourist industry in the Snowy Mountains. Agriculture, particularly the wool industry, is important throughout the highlands. Major centres include Armidale, Bathurst, Bowral, Goulburn, Inverell, Orange, Queanbeyan and Tamworth. There are numerous forests in New South Wales, with such tree species as Red Gum Eucalyptus and Crow Ash (""Flindersia australis""), being represented. Forest floors have a diverse set of understory shrubs and fungi. One of the widespread"
"used his instruments to make observations. He noticed that the neighbouring peak was higher. In the presence of Macarthur he named the higher summit Mt Kosciusko after the Polish and American hero fighting for freedom and equal rights. As it was late, Macarthur decided to return to camp and Strzelecki alone climbed the Kosciuszko summit. Based on Strzelecki’s records, Australia’s highest summit was mapped. A cartographical mistake made in an edition of Victorian maps transposed Mt Kosciusko to the position of the present Mt Townsend. Later editions of the map, continued to show the original location. NSW maps did not"
"only the peaks of the main range are subject to consistent heavy winter snow. The climate station at Charlotte Pass recorded Australia's lowest temperature of on 28 June 1994. During the last ice age, which peaked about 20,000 years ago in the Pleistocene epoch, the highest peaks of the main range near Mount Kosciuszko experienced a climate which favoured the formation of glaciers, evidence of which can still be seen today. Cirques moraines, tarn lakes, roche moutonnées and other glacial features can all be seen in the area. Lake Cootapatamba, which was formed by an ice spilling from Mount Kosciuszko's"