"future of the section was in doubt. However, a massive recruitment exercise resulted in a significant increase in numbers and the future of girls rugby at Letchworth for the next four or five years seems assured. Letchworth Garden City RUFC Letchworth Garden City Rugby Union Football Club is a rugby club based in Letchworth Garden City, Hertfordshire, England. The club runs up to four senior teams each week and has thriving Mini, Junior and Girls' sections. The first team currently plays in London 2 North West following the clubs relegation from London 1 North at the end of the 2017-18"
"The first branch railway line in England was the Aylesbury one, which opened in 1839. It had a station in Hertfordshire, at Marston Gate. Another rail line grew out from London towards Cambridge, reaching Broxbourne in 1840, Harlow in 1841, and Bishops Stortford in 1842. A branch to Hertford opened in 1843. The first Hatfield train crash took place on Boxing Day, 1870. The London Underground rail line reached Rickmansworth in 1887. The two flagship garden cities of Letchworth and Welwyn were central to the development of town planning in England. The first Garden City Company formed in 1903, with"
"reached full population, another garden city would be developed nearby. Howard envisaged a cluster of several garden cities as satellites of a central city of 50,000 people, linked by road and rail. He founded First Garden City, Ltd. in 1899 to create the first garden city at Letchworth, Hertfordshire. Donors to the project collected interest on their investment if the garden city generated profits through rents or, as Fishman calls the process, ‘philanthropic land speculation’. Howard tried to include working class cooperative organisations, which included over two million members, but could not win their financial support. In 1904, Raymond Unwin,"
"Chelsea Physic Garden The Chelsea Physic Garden was established as the Apothecaries' Garden in London, England, in 1673 by the Worshipful Society of Apothecaries to grow plants to be used as medicines. This four acre physic garden, the term here referring to the science of healing, is among the oldest botanical gardens in Britain, after the University of Oxford Botanic Garden, which was founded in 1621 and the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh founded in 1670. Its rock garden is the oldest English garden devoted to alpine plants. The largest fruiting olive tree in Britain is there, protected by the garden's"
"an adjacent farm with the purpose of developing the land into a residential park. The Garden City Movement arose in England during the 19th century as a reaction to the crowding and pollution of cities as a result of its Industrial Revolution. While the movement had spread to United States by the 1920s, early residential developers had begun experimenting with the 'Garden City' concept way before it gained the title, including Adrian G Iselin, who planned ""Residence Park"" in 1885. The neighborhood can be viewed as the grandfather to suburban living in the modern American city. Prior to its existence,"
"Garden city movement The garden city movement is a method of urban planning in which self-contained communities are surrounded by ""greenbelts"", containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. The idea was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom. Inspired by the utopian novel ""Looking Backward"" and Henry George's work ""Progress and Poverty"", Howard published the book "": a Peaceful Path to Real Reform"" in 1898 (which was reissued in 1902 as ""Garden Cities of To-morrow""). His idealised garden city would house 32,000 people on a site of 6,000 acres (2,400 ha), planned on a concentric"
"Ebenezer Howard Sir Ebenezer Howard (29 January 1850 – 1 May 1928), the English founder of the garden city movement, is known for his publication """" (1898), the description of a utopian city in which people live harmoniously together with nature. The publication resulted in the founding of the garden city movement, and the building of the First Garden City, Letchworth Garden City, commenced in 1903. The second true Garden City was Welwyn Garden City (1920) and the movement influenced the development of several model suburbs in other countries, such as Forest Hills Gardens designed by F. L. Olmsted Jr."
"a public garden. The development of Humberstone Garden was based on the principles of the Garden city movement. Garden suburbs modified the principles of garden cities to allow for residential ""garden suburbs"" without the commercial and industrial components of the garden city. They were built on the outskirts of cities, in rural settings such as Humberstone. The Humberstone Garden Suburb is notable because it is the only example in which a UK workers cooperative has created a housing cooperative and built a housing estate for its members. The Anchor Tenants Housing Association was formed in 1887 by the workers cooperative"
"with the Glenard and Mount Eagle Estates and the Ranelagh and Milleara Estates in Victoria. Related urban design concepts Garden city movement The garden city movement is a method of urban planning in which self-contained communities are surrounded by ""greenbelts"", containing proportionate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. The idea was initiated in 1898 by Sir Ebenezer Howard in the United Kingdom. Inspired by the utopian novel ""Looking Backward"" and Henry George's work ""Progress and Poverty"", Howard published the book "": a Peaceful Path to Real Reform"" in 1898 (which was reissued in 1902 as ""Garden Cities of To-morrow""). His"
"the Garden city movement, but suburban developments around the world. Sir John Betjeman described Bedford Park ""the most significant suburb built in the last century, probably in the western world"". Herman Muthesius, the celebrated German critic who wrote ""The English House"" in 1904 said, ""It signifies neither more nor less than the starting point of the smaller modern house, which spread from there over the whole country."" The developer was Jonathan Carr, (brother of J. Comyns Carr) who in 1875 bought of land just north of Turnham Green Station in West London which had been constructed six years earlier. The"
"in Britain, founded by William Roscoe in 1802. Amongst the tropical plants is the National Collection of ""Dracaena"" (dragon trees); there are orchids and the National Collection of ""Codiaeum""; pelargoniums and the National Collection of ""Solenostemon"" (coleus) as well as a rich collection of bromeliads. Liverpool was once world-famous for its orchids as the collection is composed mainly of wild collected species rather than the more usual garden hybrids. In March 2013, it was announced that a £400,000 programme would be undertaken to restore the damaged Queen Anne wing which was gutted by fire in 1952. Liverpool City Council announced"
"of the City of Westminster in central London from 1743, when it was commissioned by the newly elevated Prime Minister, Henry Pelham. When Kent died, the work was completed by Stephen Wright. As a landscape designer, Kent was one of the originators of the English landscape garden, a style of ""natural"" gardening that revolutionised the laying out of gardens and estates. His projects included Chiswick House, Stowe, Buckinghamshire, from about 1730 onwards, designs for Alexander Pope's villa garden at Twickenham, for Queen Caroline at Richmond, and notably at Rousham House, Oxfordshire, where he created a sequence of Arcadian set-pieces punctuated"
"Ground is an extensive modern playground catering for all age groups of children that has been created within the park. Derby Arboretum Derby Arboretum is a public park and arboretum in the city of Derby, England, located about south of the city centre in the Rose Hill area. It was opened in 1840, following the donation of the land by local philanthropist Joseph Strutt, and to designs by John Claudius Loudon. It was the first publicly owned, landscaped, urban, recreational park in England. After many years of neglect, the Arboretum was extensively refurbished in the early 21st century with the"
"and England in the 1700s when André Le Nôtre designed the gardens of Versailles that included a small area of grass called the """", or ""green carpet"". It was not until the 17th and 18th century that the garden and the lawn became a place created first as walkways and social areas. They were made up of meadow plants, such as camomile, a particular favorite. In the early 17th century, the Jacobean epoch of gardening began; during this period, the closely cut ""English"" lawn was born. By the end of this period, the English lawn was a symbol of status"
"referred to as the 'Parish Clerk's Land' in the Crondall Hundred, was laid out as the Municipal Gardens and opened to the public in 1904. On 'Arbour Day' on 13 December 1905 32 trees including lime, chestnut, acacia and sycamore were planted by their donors who were prominent local people. With its main entrance through restored Edwardian gates on Grosvenor Road, the Municipal Gardens are situated within the Aldershot West Conservation Area at the edge of the town centre. Entrances to the gardens are also located in Arlington Terrace and Laburnum Road. The park is set out in a typical"
"towns that were to combine the benefits of the city and the countryside and to avoid the disadvantages of both. The Garden Cities and Town Planning Association had defined a garden city as ""a town designed for healthy living and industry of a size that makes possible a full measure of social life but not larger, surrounded by a rural belt; the whole of the land being in public ownership, or held in trust for the community"" In 1919, Howard arranged for the purchase of land in Hertfordshire that had already been identified as a suitable site. On 29 April"
"London, ringed by agriculture green belts, with schools and housing surrounding a highly prescribed commercial center. The Garden City would allow a maximum of 30,000 residents in each town, and called for a permanent public authority to carefully regulate land use and ward off the temptation to increase commercial activity or population density. Industrial factories were allowed on the periphery, provided they were masked behind green spaces. The Garden City concept was first embodied in the UK by the development of Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City, and in the US suburb of Radburn, NJ. Jacobs tracks Howard's influence through American"
"the Piggeries. The area was purchased from the Adams family in 1889. After the area was filled in and terraformed the park was formally opened on 2 June 1892. Avondale Park Avondale Park is a small park in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, London, England, between Walmer and Sirdar Roads. It has a mix of formal gardens, sports facilities and lawns. Notably, it is home to what is believed to be Britain's first floral lawn. The park is named after the late Duke of Clarence and Avondale. The lawn is made just of flowering dicots include lawn chamomile,"
"UK was undoubtedly the Edinburgh New Town, built in accordance with a 1766 master plan by James Craig, and (along with Bath and Dublin) the archetype of the elegant Georgian style of British architecture. The term ""new town"" often refers in the UK to towns built after World War II under the New Towns Act 1946. These were influenced by the garden city movement, launched around 1900 by Ebenezer Howard and Sir Patrick Geddes and the work of Raymond Unwin, and manifested at Letchworth Garden City and Welwyn Garden City in Hertfordshire. Following World War II, some 28 projected towns"
"changes from 1880 saw the area absorbed into the town of Oldham. On August 7, 1909 the Garden Suburb, off Hollins Road, was officially opened with the first gala ceremony. The Suburbs, as they are known, grew out of the garden suburb movement of the south. The oasis of winding streets with a deliberate country lane feel, gardens, trees, and verges, was intended as an alternative to terrace houses. Garden Suburb was the idea of Mary Higgs, founder of the Beautiful Oldham Society, who was impressed by Hampstead Garden Suburb in London. Dame Sarah Lees, the philanthropist and first woman"
"the Garden City Association was Sir Frederic Osborn, who extended the movement to regional planning. The principles of the garden city were soon applied to the planning of city suburbs. The first such project was the Hampstead Garden Suburb founded by Henrietta Barnett and planned by Parker and Unwin. The scheme's utopian ideals were that it should be open to all classes of people with free access to woods and gardens and that the housing should be of low density with wide, tree-lined roads. In North America, the Garden City movement was also popular, and evolved into the ""Neighbourhood Unit"""
"in 1803. The establishment of the Portico Library in 1806, the Royal Manchester Institution (later the Art Gallery) in 1823, and the Manchester Botanical and Horticultural Society in 1827 are evidences of this. The growth of city government continued with Manchester finally being incorporated as a borough in 1838, covering what is now the city centre, along with Cheetham, Beswick, Ardwick, Chorlton upon Medlock and Hulme. In 1841, Robert Angus Smith took up work as an analytical chemist at the Royal Manchester Institution and started to research the unprecedented environmental problems. Smith went on to become the first director of"
"Association, recalled him saying, ""The only way to get anything done is to do it yourself."" Likely in frustration, Howard bought land at Welwyn to house the second garden city in 1919. The purchase was at auction, with money Howard desperately and successfully borrowed from friends. The Welwyn Garden City Corporation was formed to oversee the construction. But Welwyn did not become self-sustaining because it was only 20 miles from London. Even until the end of the 1930s, Letchworth and Welwyn remained as the only existing garden cities in the United Kingdom. However, the movement did succeed in emphasizing the"
"Samuel, had started the Whitechapel Art Gallery and Toynbee Hall. In 1906, Barnett set up the Hampstead Garden Suburb Trust Ltd, which purchased 243 acres of land from Eton College for the scheme and appointed Raymond Unwin as its architect. Among the scheme's aims were the following: This required a private bill before Parliament, as it was counter to local bylaws. The provisions of the new act, Hampstead Garden Suburb Act 1906, allowed less land to be taken up by roads and more by gardens and open spaces. The ideas for the ""Garden Suburb"" were clearly based on the ideas"
"1937 by a staff headed by Joseph Crane, Elbert Peets, Harry Bentley, and Walter C. Thomas for a site that had formerly consisted of of farmland. In Canada, the Ontario towns of Don Mills (now incorporated into the City of Toronto) and Walkerville are, in part, garden cities, as well as the Montreal suburb of Mount Royal. The historic Townsite of Powell River, British Columbia and the Hydrostone district of Halifax, Nova Scotia are recognized as National Historic Sites of Canada built upon the Garden City Movement. In Montreal, la Cité-jardin du Tricentenaire is a classic form of Garden City"
"garden cities were intended to be planned, self-contained communities surrounded by parks, containing proportionate and separate areas of residences, industry, and agriculture. Inspired by the Utopian novel ""Looking Backward"" and Henry George's work Progress and Poverty, Howard published his book ""Garden Cities of To-morrow"" in 1898, commonly regarded as the most important book in the history of urban planning. His idealised garden city would house 32,000 people on a site of , planned on a concentric pattern with open spaces, public parks and six radial boulevards, wide, extending from the centre. The garden city would be self-sufficient and when it"
"conurbation centred in London. Starting in the early 20th century, environmentalist opposition to urban sprawl began to coalesce, with roots in the garden city movement, as well as pressure from campaign groups such as the Campaign to Protect Rural England (CPRE). Under Herbert Morrison's 1934 leadership of the London County Council, the first formal proposal was made by the Greater London Regional Planning Committee ""to provide a reserve supply of public open spaces and of recreational areas and to establish a green belt or girdle of open space"". It was again included in an advisory Greater London Plan prepared by"
"Gardens, comprising a zoo, gardens, amusement park, exhibition complex and speedway stadium, was opened in 1836 in Gorton and became one of the leading attractions in the UK. The site spanned 165 acres of land and attracted over two million visitors a year. The zoo was the third-largest in the UK, and the exhibition hall held concerts from a range of national and international artists, such as Jimi Hendrix and The Rolling Stones. After 141 years, the zoo closed in 1977, with the rest of the site finally cleared for redevelopment in 1982 to build a new zoo for local"
"benchmark national standard for publicly accessible parks and green spaces in the United Kingdom. Grappenhall Heys Walled Garden Grappenhall Heys Walled Garden is a historic walled garden in Grappenhall, Warrington, Cheshire, England. The garden was built by Thomas Parr around 1830 as both a pleasure garden for relaxing strolls and as a kitchen garden to produce fruit, vegetables, and herbs. After a period of decline, the garden was restored first by English Partnerships and then by the local parish council in conjunction with the friends of the garden. The walled garden was built around 1830 by Warrington banker Thomas Parr"
"Towns"" after World War II by the British government. This produced more than 30 communities, the first being Stevenage, Hertfordshire (about halfway between Letchworth and Welwyn), and the last (and largest) being Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire. Howard's ideas also influenced other planners such as Frederick Law Olmsted II and Clarence Perry. Walt Disney used elements of Howard's concepts in his original design for EPCOT (Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow). In 1913 Howard founded the 'Garden Cities and Town Planning Association' – presently the International Federation for Housing and Planning. Its goal was to promote the concept of planned housing and to"
"and bowls. The trees lining the streets are protected and provide a boulevard feel, particularly Risley Avenue, privet hedges to the front fascia of the properties within the conservation area are protected. Tower Gardens Estate Tower Gardens in North Tottenham is a distinctive semi-circular estate bounded by Lordship Lane and the Roundway. Constructed between 1904 and 1928, it was one of the first municipal ""cottage estates"" in the world. It is now a conservation area and is featured in the annual London Open City architecture weekend held third weekend in September. When first built by the London County Council (LCC)"
"the idea with his ""Three Magnets"" diagram. His ideas were conceived for the context of a capitalist economic system, and sought to balance individual and community needs. Two English towns were built as garden cities, Letchworth and Welwyn. Though they did not completely measure up to the ideal, they provided a model for controlling urban sprawl. Garden Cities of To-morrow Garden Cities of To-morrow is a book by the British urban planner Ebenezer Howard. When it was published in 1898, the book was titled ""To-morrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform"". In 1902 it was reprinted as ""Garden Cities of"
"Letchworth Garden City, a suburban garden city 37 miles north of London. A second garden city, Welwyn Garden City, was started after World War I. His acquaintance with German architects Hermann Muthesius and Bruno Taut resulted in the application of humane design principles in many large housing projects built in the Weimar Republic. Hermann Muthesius also played an important role in the creation of Germany's first garden city of Hellerau in 1909, the only German garden city where Howard's ideas were thoroughly adopted. The creation of Letchworth Garden City and Welwyn Garden City were influential for the development of ""New"