"Isabella, Countess of Gloucester Isabella, Countess of Gloucester (c. 1173 – 14 October 1217), was an English noblewoman who was married to King John prior to his accession. Isabella was the daughter of William Fitz Robert, 2nd Earl of Gloucester, and his wife Hawise. Her paternal grandfather, Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, was the illegitimate son of King Henry I. Her father died in 1183, at which time she became Countess of Gloucester ""suo jure"". On 28 September 1176, King Henry II betrothed Isabella to his youngest son, John Lackland. John and Isabella were half-second cousins as great-grandchildren of Henry"
"Æthelstan Æthelstan or Athelstan (; or ""Æðelstān""; meaning ""noble stone""; 894 – 27 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to 939 when he died. He was the son of King Edward the Elder and his first wife, Ecgwynn. Modern historians regard him as the first King of England and one of the greatest Anglo-Saxon kings. He never married and had no children. He was succeeded by his half-brother, Edmund. When Edward died in July 924, Æthelstan was accepted by the Mercians as king. His half-brother Ælfweard may have"
"surviving sources; Æthelstan had no biographer, and the ""Chronicle"" for his reign is scanty. In his own day he was 'the roof-tree of the honour of the western world'"". Æthelstan Æthelstan or Athelstan (; or ""Æðelstān""; meaning ""noble stone""; 894 – 27 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to 939 when he died. He was the son of King Edward the Elder and his first wife, Ecgwynn. Modern historians regard him as the first King of England and one of the greatest Anglo-Saxon kings. He never married and"
"English kings ever since (Edward I, Edward II, Edward III and Richard II) had not been rightful monarchs. Henry IV seems to have been exploiting a legend that Henry III's second son Edmund ""Crouchback"", 1st Earl of Lancaster, was in fact his eldest son but had been removed from succession because he had a physical deformity, which gave origin to his nickname. Since Henry IV was Edmund's descendant and heir through his mother Blanche of Lancaster, he was in fact the rightful king. There is no evidence for this legend, and Edmund's nickname did not stem from a deformity. An"
"Thomas Leland Thomas Leland (1722–1785) was an Irish historian, translator and academic and the author of the early gothic novel ""Longsword, Earl of Salisbury: An Historical Romance"", published in 1762. He was born in Dublin and educated at Thomas Sheridan's school and then at Trinity College, where he became Professor of Oratory in 1763. He translated the Orations of Demosthenes in three volumes and wrote a life of Philip of Macedon in 1758. He wrote an influential ""History of Ireland from the Invasion of Henry II"" in 1773. His portrait, by John Dean, is held by the National Portrait Gallery."
"Edward I of England Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots (), was King of England from 1272 to 1307. Before his accession to the throne, he was commonly referred to as The Lord Edward. The first son of Henry III, Edward was involved early in the political intrigues of his father's reign, which included an outright rebellion by the English barons. In 1259, he briefly sided with a baronial reform movement, supporting the Provisions of Oxford. After reconciliation with his father, however, he remained loyal throughout"
"suggests in his ""New Interpretation"" the sword was made by Henry II for his son John Lackland, on occasion of investing John with lordship over Ireland (1177), the sword being the one with which the Irish giant Morholt was defeated. Matthew Strickland thought it was ""probably"" used in the two coronations of Henry the Young King, in 1154 and 1170. It is known that at Richard I's coronation ""three royal swords.. from the king's treasury"", with scabbards covered in gold were carried by three earls in the procession. Until the 14th century, it was the job of the Earl of"
"Lowland Scots, but in English. with a large admixture of Scottish words. The longest and most important of them are the mock poems ""On the Expedition of the Highland Host who came to destroy the western shires in winter 1678"" and ""On the clergie when they met to consult about taking the Test in the year 1681"". William Cleland William Cleland (ca. 1661 – 21 August 1689) was a Scottish poet and soldier. William was the son of Thomas Cleland, gamekeeper to the Marquess of Douglas, chief of the House of Douglas. He was probably brought up on the Douglas"
"Navy sailor and an Army Veterinary Corps soldier of the Second World War. George Hall (1863–1918) was rector of Ruckland and a member of the Gypsy Lore Society. In 1915 he published his book, ""The Gypsy's Parson - His Experiences and Adventures."" Ruckland Ruckland is a small village about south from the town of Louth, Lincolnshire, England. It lies in the Lincolnshire Wolds, a designated Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. In the 1086 ""Domesday Book"" Ruckland is written as ""Rochland"", with nine households, the Lord of the Manor being Briscard. The population of the village is included in the civil"
"William Longsword William Longsword (, , ; c. 893 – 17 December 942) was the second ruler of Normandy, from 927 until his assassination in 942. He is sometimes anachronistically dubbed ""Duke of Normandy"", even though the title duke (""dux"") did not come into common usage until the 11th century. Longsword was known at the time by the title Count (Latin ""comes"") of Rouen. Flodoard—always detailed about titles—consistently referred to both Rollo and his son William as ""principes"" (chieftains) of the Norse. William Longsword was born ""overseas"" to the Viking Rollo (while he was still a pagan) and his Christian"
"(later Patrick McGoohan's stunt double) played many small non-speaking parts, and stuntman Terry Yorke, who doubled for Richard Greene, played many small roles throughout all four series. The series is set in the 12th century, during the reign of King Richard. Robin of Locksley, a nobleman, is forced into the life of an outlaw, dwelling in Sherwood Forest with a band of men who right the wrongs committed by the rich and powerful against the poor and defenceless. He was given the name Robin Hood by the outlaw band's leader, Will Scatlock, who was fatally wounded. Hood's enemy in the"
"at Hyde Mead, before the Abbey near Winchester. Under the reign of Henry VIII, the royal household paid a wage of two-pence a day to provide a custodian for the sword used to slay Colbrand (specifically one William Hoggenson, a yeoman of the buttery). William Shakespeare mentions Colbrand in both Henry VIII (Act V, scene iii) and King John (Act I, scene 1). Colbrand, as an appellation, had (by the 18th century) developed into a nickname for anyone of considerable size or strength, an example being the character of Colbrand the huge Swiss valet in Pamela; or, Virtue Rewarded, an"
"Thomas Bromley, Lord Chancellor of England; Sir Christopher Hatton, who succeeded Bromley as Lord Chancellor and was also rumored to be Queen Elizabeth's lover; Sir Henry Lee, Queen Elizabeth's first official jousting champion; and George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland, the Queen's second official champion and also an important naval commander who briefly captured Fort San Felipe del Morro. Other notable figures whose suits of armour are displayed in the album are Thomas Sackville, 1st Earl of Dorset (then ""Lord Buckhurst"", which survives in the Wallace Collection in London), who served as Lord High Treasurer but is perhaps best known"
"as to guard their homes and protect their stock. Cúchulain, a name which translates literally as ""hound of Culain"", gained his name when as a child, known then as Sétanta, when he slew the ferocious guard dog of Culain, forcing him to offer himself as a replacement. During the English Conquest of Ireland, only the nobility were allowed to own Irish Wolfhounds, the numbers permitted depending on position. They were much coveted and were frequently given as gifts to important personages and foreign nobles. Wolfhounds were the companions of the regal, and were housed themselves alongside them. King John of"
"has Harold and Harthacnut dividing the realms of their father in an agreement. It also features Harold offering hospitality to his half-brother Edward the Confessor, but they were actually step-brothers, and Edward only settled in England following the death of Harold. Harold Harefoot Harold I ( 1016 – 17 March 1040), also known as Harold Harefoot, was King of England from 1035 to 1040. Harold's nickname ""Harefoot"" is first recorded as ""Harefoh"" or ""Harefah"" in the twelfth century in the history of Ely Abbey, and according to late medieval chroniclers it meant that he was fleet of foot. The son"
"historians, including the authors of the Encyclopædia Britannica article on him, state that it was because of this that he received the nickname 'Crouchback' (which means ""cross-back""), indicating that he was entitled to wear a cross stitched into the back of his garments. On his return from the Crusade of 1271–2, he seems to have made Grosmont Castle his favoured home and undertook much rebuilding there. His son Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster was apparently born there in 1281. Edmund remained loyal to his brother, Edward I; the Charter grants of 1265, 1267, and 1268–9 were confirmed by the King"
"author and wit George Etherege (Tom Hollander) in the 2004 film ""The Libertine"", an adaptation of Stephen Jeffreys' play of the same name, which depicts the Earl of Rochester and the orbit of the ""Merry Gang"". Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset and 1st Earl of Middlesex, KG (24 January 1643 – 29 January 1706) was an English poet and courtier. Sackville was born 24 January 1643, son of Richard Sackville, 5th Earl of Dorset (1622–1677). His mother was the former Lady Frances Cranfield, sister and heiress of the 3rd Earl of Middlesex, to"
"Buggy Bates"" (chimney-sweep), ""Sir John Gnawpost"", ""Sir Thomas Nameless"", ""Sir William Swallowtail"" (basketmaker), ""Sir Thomas Tubbs"" (waterman) and ""Sir Jeffrey Dunstan"" (wigseller). The latter proved to be the most popular ever in the following elections due to his wit, small size and grotesque and unkempt appearance. Swallowtail had come to the poll in a wicker-chariot of his own design and preceded by hand-bell players. Dashwood was pulled around in a boat. Swallowtail and Buggy Bates were blamed of having government contracts, of baskets and soot, respectively. Sir John Harper and Sir Jeffrey Dunstan were ""returned to parliament"". In 1785 elections"
"Highlands. During Montrose's campaign of 1644-5, in which the Royalist army won a series of remarkable victories, Mac Colla was given a knighthood. He died in 1647 in Ireland at the Battle of Knocknanuss. His full name can be translated from Scottish Gaelic as 'Alexander the son of Coll the Left-Handed MacDonald'. Gaelic speakers, preferring the patronymic system, generally referred to him as Alasdair MacColla; English and Scots language speakers generally used the form Alexander MacDonald or MacColl. Mac Colla himself would have used both English and Gaelic forms: the three surviving examples of his signature, all in English language"
"Rosamund Clifford Rosamund Clifford (before 1150 – c. 1176), often called ""The Fair Rosamund"" or the ""Rose of the World"" (""rosa mundi""), was famed for her beauty and was a mistress of King Henry II of England, famous in English folklore. Rosamund is believed to have been the daughter of the marcher lord Walter de Clifford and his wife Margaret. Walter was originally known as Walter fitz Richard (i.e., son of Richard), but his name was gradually changed to that of his major holding, first as steward, then as lord. This was Clifford Castle on the River Wye in Herefordshire."
"about continuing to describe it as a kingdom as early as 1185. Having captured a small part of Ireland on the east coast, Henry used the land to solve a dispute dividing his family. For he had divided his territories between his sons, with the youngest being nicknamed ""Johan sanz Terre"" (in English, ""John Lackland"") as he was left without lands to rule. At the Oxford parliament in May 1177, Henry replaced William FitzAldelm and granted John his Irish lands, so becoming Lord of Ireland (""Dominus Hiberniae"") in 1177 when he was 10 years old, with the territory being known"
"to prove unpopular with his barons, and in 1327 was forced to abdicate the throne in favour of his son Edward III. Thomas, Earl of Lancaster had long been an enemy of the King, alienated by his practice of promoting young favourites (and alleged lovers) such as Piers Gaveston, 1st Earl of Cornwall, who had at one stage been made regent in Edward's absence. Lancaster further demonstrated his disapproval of the King by his refusal to assist Edward in his Scottish campaigns, including the decisive defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn. The resulting raids by the Scottish on Northern England"
"Amlawdd Wledig Amlawdd Wledig (Middle Welsh and other alternative spellings present in relevant sources include Amlawd, Amlawt, Anlawdd, Anlawd, Amlodd, Amlwyd, Aflawdd and Anblaud) was a legendary king of sub-Roman Britain. The Welsh title ""[G]wledig"", archaically ""Gwledic"" or ""Guletic"" and latinised ""Guleticus"", is defined as follows: ""lord, king, prince, ruler; term applied to a number of early British rulers and princes who were prominent in the defence of Britain about the time of the Roman withdrawal; (possibly) commander of the native militia (in a Romano-British province)"". He is described as a king of 'some part of Wales, possibly on the"
"John Nevison John Nevison (1639 – 4 May 1684), also known as William Nevison or Nevinson, was one of Britain's most notorious highwaymen, a gentleman rogue supposedly nicknamed ""Swift Nick"" by King Charles II after a renowned dash from Kent to York to establish an alibi for a robbery he had committed earlier that day. The story inspired William Harrison Ainsworth to include a modified version in his novel ""Rookwood"", in which he attributed the feat to Dick Turpin. There are suggestions that the feat was actually undertaken by Samuel Nicks. Nevison was born in 1639, probably in Wortley in"
"his book ""The King of the North: the life and times of Oswald of Northumbria"" Tolkien based Aragorn on Oswald, a prince of the Northumbrian royal house exiled to the Kingdom of Dál_Riata after Cadwallon King of Gwynedd and Penda King of Mercia laid waste to his ancestral homelands, and who returned years later with a raised army of Anglian exiles and retook his kingdom slaying Cadwallon in the process. Aragorn was voiced by John Hurt in Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated film version of ""The Lord of the Rings"". Bakshi's Aragorn, unlike all other portrayals that were to follow to"
"John Longland John Longland (died 1547) was the English Dean of Salisbury from 1514 to 1521 and Bishop of Lincoln from 1521 to his death in 1547. He was made a Demy at Magdalen College, Oxford in 1491 and became a Fellow. He was King Henry VIII's confessor and was said to have been one of those who first persuaded the King that he should annul his marriage to Katherine of Aragon. In 1519 he was appointed Canon of the sixth stall at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, a position he held until 1520. He was also Lord Almoner from"
"his father, who was supposedly killed by Ælla of Northumbria. While he himself only ruled Northumbria directly for about a year in 876, he placed Ecgberht on the throne as a client-king, who ruled from 867 to 872. Halfdan was killed in Ireland in 877 whilst trying to regain control over Dublin, a land he had ruled since 875. There were no further Viking kings in Northumbria until Guthfrith took over in 883. Æthelstan ruled as King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to 939. The shift in his title reflects that"
"as Old Saxon), suggests that ""Iohannes"" is a signature by John the Old Saxon. The poem describes ""Adalstan"" as a prince and is presumably an encomium to King Alfred's young grandson Æthelstan, who was then five at the oldest but was king from 924 to 939. The poem is embellished with Greek words and archaisms, foreshadowing the complex style which dominated in 10th-century Anglo-Latin literature. Acrostics are rare at this early period, so two further examples which are dedicated to King Alfred and preserved as early 10th-century additions to a late-9th-century manuscript associated with the king are possibly also by"
"1678–79. Despite his gifts he was not popular, being described as dry, formal and arrogant, an uncertain friend and a harsh employer. Many of his colleagues, like Sir Leoline Jenkins, felt the lash of his sharp tongue. On the other hand, his will, in which he remembered all those who had a claim on him, suggests that he did not lack a certain generosity of character; and he was capable of forming lifelong friendships, notably with Samuel Pepys. He is a recurring character in the Thomas Chaloner series of mystery novels by Susanna Gregory, in which he plays a somewhat"
"same, Britain would defend the C.S. by use of its military. This, in addition to the claim of the Lord Lyons character that he envisioned a time where both the U.S. and C.S. would ""stand together, [as] a pair of sturdy brothers,"" is historically untrue. He was also a minor character in the historical novel ""Freedom"" by William Safire. Richard Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons Richard Bickerton Pemell Lyons, 1st Earl Lyons, 1st Viscount Lyons, 2nd Baron Lyons, 2nd Baronet, of Christchurch (26 April 1817 – 5 December 1887) was an eminent British diplomat, the favourite of Queen Victoria. Lyons was"
"Muchland Muchland is a medieval manor in Low Furness in the county of Cumbria in northern England. The manor was the seat of the Lords of Aldingham, and included at its peak the villages of Bardsea, Urswick, Scales, Stainton, Sunbrick, Baycliff, Gleaston, Aldingham, Dendron, Leece and Newbiggin. The area also features the historic remains of Gleaston Castle, Aldingham Castle, Gleaston Water Mill, the Druids' Temple at Birkrigg, plus many prehistoric remains around Urswick and Scales. The area that became Muchland in the Middle Ages is situated on the eastern side of the Furness Peninsula in south west Cumbria. On its"
"Thomas de Strickland Sir Thomas de Strickland (also Stryckeland; 1367 – 30 July 1455) was an English soldier. He is best known for carrying the banner of St. George at the battle of Agincourt. On 21 July 1403, de Strickland fought on the Royalist side at the Battle of Shrewsbury for Henry IV and was awarded by the King, a sum of £38 and two horses which had belonged to the rebel Henry Percy (Hotspur). He was also rewarded for his valiant efforts by being made Keeper of Inglewood royal forest in Cumberland. He was appointed Sheriff of Bedfordshire and"
"Salisbury, Salisbury had four sons and six daughters: William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (c. 1176 – 7 March 1226) (""Long Sword"", Latinised to ""de Longa Spatha"") was an Anglo-Norman nobleman, primarily remembered for his command of the English forces at the Battle of Damme and for remaining loyal to his half-brother, King John. His nickname ""Longespée"" is generally taken as a reference to his great size and the outsize weapons he wielded. William was an illegitimate son of Henry II, King of England. His mother was unknown for many years until the discovery"