"style makes possible extensive dramatic activity within numbers."" They continue stating that it is in the duets that a sectional form is employed so that ""the opening section allows dramatic confrontation between the characters, who express their often differing emotions in parallel stanzas."" There follows a lyrical section – ""with further dramatic interaction"" – and then the cabaletta which allows for greater confrontation or accord, thus reflecting any changes in the dramatic configuration. Notes Sources Tancredi Tancredi is a ""melodramma eroico"" (opera seria or 'heroic' opera) in two acts by composer Gioachino Rossini and librettist Gaetano Rossi (who was also"
"Adelaide Malanotte Adelaide Malanotte (1785 – 31 December 1832) was an Italian operatic contralto who performed in major opera houses in Italy from 1806–1821. She is best known for creating the title role in the world premiere of Gioachino Rossini's ""Tancredi"" in 1813. After her marriage, she performed under the name Adelaide Montresor. Her son, Giovanni Battista Montresor, had a career as a tenor and impresario in the United States. From 1812 until her death 20 years later she carried on an extra-marital affair with the poet Luigi Lechi. Born in Verona, Malanotte made her professional opera debut in her"
"and intonation perfect"". Malanotte sang in two more world premieres at La Fenice during her career: Pavesi's ""Le Danaidi romane"" (1816, Cajo Valerio) and Francesco Basili's ""L'ira d'Achille"" (1817, Achille). She retired from the stage in 1821. She died in Salò in 1832 at the age of 47. Notes Sources Adelaide Malanotte Adelaide Malanotte (1785 – 31 December 1832) was an Italian operatic contralto who performed in major opera houses in Italy from 1806–1821. She is best known for creating the title role in the world premiere of Gioachino Rossini's ""Tancredi"" in 1813. After her marriage, she performed under the"
"Tancrède Tancrède is a 1702 ""tragédie en musique"" (a French opera in the lyric tragedy tradition) in a prologue and five acts by composer André Campra and librettist Antoine Danchet, based on ""Gerusalemme liberata"" by Torquato Tasso. The opera contains 23 dances in addition to the singing, but is famous for the alleged first contralto role in French opera (though in modern terms more of a mezzo-soprano range) written for Julie d'Aubigny, known as 'La Maupin', the most colorful singer of this era, or any other. It's also notable for the unusual choice of three low-lying voices for the main"
"""Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda"" (The battle of Tancred and Clorinda) for the 1624–25 carnival. When the first public opera house in the world opened in Venice in 1637, Monteverdi, by then in his 70th year, returned to writing full-scale opera. He may have been influenced by the solicitations of Giacomo Badoaro, an aristocratic poet and intellectual who sent the elderly composer the libretto for ""Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria"" (The return of Ulysses). For the 1639–40 carnival season, Monteverdi revived ""L'Arianna"" at the Teatro San Moisè and later produced his setting of ""Il ritorno"" at the Teatro San"
"original score after Tancredi learns from Argirio that her letter was written for him, and not for Solamir (rather than there being a denial from Solamir). 19th century ""Tancredi"" premiered in February 1813 at La Fenice in Venice with Adelaide Malanotte in the title role. The first two performances suffered because of vocal problems from its two female principals, but its success was assured over six performances into the following month. It was quickly re-mounted in a revised version in Ferrara in March of that year which reverted to Voltaire's tragic ending, but audiences disliked it and subsequent performances there"
"compose works for the stage, though not actual operas. He wrote several ballets and, for the Venice carnival of 1624–25, ""Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda"" (""The Battle of Tancred and Clorinda""), a hybrid work with some characteristics of ballet, opera and oratorio. In 1637 fully-fledged opera came to Venice with the opening of the Teatro San Cassiano. Sponsored by the wealthy Tron family, this theatre was the first in the world specifically devoted to opera. The theatre's inaugural performance, on 6 March 1637, was ""L'Andromeda"" by Francesco Manelli and Benedetto Ferrari. This work was received with great enthusiasm, as"
"Lost operas by Claudio Monteverdi The Italian composer Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643), in addition to a large output of church music and madrigals, wrote prolifically for the stage. His theatrical works were written between 1604 and 1643 and included ten operas, of which three—""L'Orfeo"" (1607), ""Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria"" (1640) and ""L'incoronazione di Poppea"" (1643)—have survived with their music and librettos intact. In the case of the other seven operas, the music has disappeared almost entirely, although some of the librettos exist. The loss of these works, written during a critical period of early opera history, has been much regretted"
"Gioachino Rossini Gioachino Antonio Rossini (; 29 February 1792 – 13 November 1868) was an Italian composer who wrote 39 operas as well as some sacred music, songs, chamber music, and piano pieces. He was a precocious composer of operas, and he made his debut at age 18 with ""La cambiale di matrimonio"". His best-known operas include the Italian comedies ""The Barber of Seville"" (""Il barbiere di Siviglia""), ""The Italian Girl in Algiers"" (""L'italiana in Algeri""), and ""Cinderella"" (""La Cenerentola""). He also wrote a string of serious operas in Italian, including works such as ""Tancredi"", ""Otello"", and ""Semiramide"". ""The Thieving"
"a narrator. Sub-operatic forms of dramatic music continued to thrive as opera itself developed; the blurred boundaries that existed for many years between these forms and ""opera"" has led to debate about how to categorise some works. For example, the precise genre of Monteverdi's ""Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda"" (1624) has proved particularly difficult to define. Monteverdi's first acknowledged opera is ""L'Orfeo"" (1607). He composed, in all, 24 works for the stage. Of these, ten are usually classified as operas, of which the music for seven has been lost apart from a few fragments. Most of what is known"
"Claudio Monteverdi Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (; 15 May 1567 (baptized) – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, string player and choirmaster. A composer of both secular and sacred music, and a pioneer in the development of opera, he is considered a crucial transitional figure between the Renaissance and the Baroque periods of music history. Born in Cremona, where he undertook his first musical studies and compositions, Monteverdi developed his career first at the court of Mantua (c. 1590–1613) and then until his death in the Republic of Venice where he was ""maestro di capella"" at the basilica of"
"and as Scarpia in ""Tosca"" and as Falstaff in ""Falstaff"", both conducted by Herbert von Karajan. ""Year – Opera – Composer – Director – Singer – Character"" 1940–1949 1950–1959 1960–1969 1970–1979 1980–1989 1990–1999 Giuseppe Taddei Giuseppe Taddei (26 June 1916 – 2 June 2010) was an Italian lyric baritone, who performed mostly the operas of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Giuseppe Verdi. Taddei was born in Genoa, Italy, and studied in Rome, where he made his professional debut in 1936 as the Herald in Wagner's ""Lohengrin"". He sang at the Rome Opera until he was conscripted into the army in 1942."
"Jacopo Peri Jacopo Peri (20 August 156112 August 1633), known under the pseudonym Il Zazzerino, I was an Italian composer and singer of the transitional period between the Renaissance and Baroque styles, and is often called the inventor of opera. He wrote the first work to be called an opera today, ""Dafne"" (around 1597), and also the first opera to have survived to the present day, ""Euridice"" (1600). Peri was born in Rome, but studied in Florence with Cristofano Malvezzi, and went on to work in a number of churches there, both as an organist and as a singer. He"
"Scala premiere on 8 November 1823 with Brigida Lorenzani as Tancredi. The United States premiere occurred on 31 December 1825 at the Park Theatre in New York City using the revised Ferrara version by Lechi. The Paris Opéra mounted the work for the first time with Maria Malibran in the title role on 30 March 1829. After an 1833 revival at the Teatro Comunale di Bologna, ""Tancredi"" was not mounted again until almost 120 years later. 20th century and beyond The Maggio Musicale Fiorentino revived the work on 17 May 1952 with Giulietta Simionato in the title role, Teresa Stich-Randall"
"male parts. ""Tancrède"" was first performed on 7 November 1702 by the Académie Royale de Musique at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris under the direction of Marin Marais. It was successful and remained in the repertoire until the 1760s. Tancrède Tancrède is a 1702 ""tragédie en musique"" (a French opera in the lyric tragedy tradition) in a prologue and five acts by composer André Campra and librettist Antoine Danchet, based on ""Gerusalemme liberata"" by Torquato Tasso. The opera contains 23 dances in addition to the singing, but is famous for the alleged first contralto role in French opera (though"
"Tancredi Pasero Tancredi Pasero (11 January 1893 in Turin – 17 February 1983 in Milan) was an Italian bass who enjoyed a long and distinguished singing career in his native country and abroad. After studying with the baritone Arturo Pessina in Turin, Pasero made his debut there, during 1917, as Ramphis in Verdi's ""Aida""—although he always considered his official operatic debut to have taken place in Vicenza, on 15 December 1918, as Rodolfo in Vincenzo Bellini's ""La sonnambula"". According to ""The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera"", Pasero went on to make guest appearances in London, Paris, Barcelona, Berlin, Hamburg, Brussels,"
"Giacomo Puccini Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria Puccini (; 22 December 1858 29 November 1924) was an Italian opera composer who has been called ""the greatest composer of Italian opera after Verdi"". Puccini's early work was rooted in traditional late-19th-century romantic Italian opera. Later, he successfully developed his work in the realistic ""verismo"" style, of which he became one of the leading exponents. Puccini's most renowned works are ""La bohème"" (1896), ""Tosca"" (1900), ""Madama Butterfly"" (1904), and ""Turandot"" (1924), all of which are among the important operas played as standards. Puccini was born Giacomo Antonio Domenico Michele Secondo Maria"
"Benedetto Ferrari Benedetto Ferrari (ca. 1603 – 1681) was an Italian composer, particularly of opera, librettist, and theorbo player. Ferrari was born in Reggio nell'Emilia. He worked in Rome (1617–1618), Parma (1619–1623), and possibly in Modena at some time between 1623 and 1637. He created music and libretti in Venice and Bologna, 1637-1644. Ferrari's ""Andromeda"", with music by Francesco Manelli, was the first Venetian opera performed in a public theatre (in 1637). Subsequently he provided both the text and the music for two operas, both presented in Venice: ""La maga fulminata"" (1638) and ""Il pastor regio"" (1640). The 1641 Bolognese"
"more humorous in Alfred Duggan's novel ""Count Bohemond"". Tancred also appears as one of the Crusade leaders in Sir Walter Scott's novel 'Count Robert of Paris' who returned to Constantinople from Scutari to ensure a fair contest between Count Robert and his challenger. The novel ""Tancred, or the New Crusade"" by Benjamin Disraeli centres around the adventures of an imagined modern descendant and namesake of the Prince of Galilee. Rossini's opera ""Tancredi"" is based on Tasso, via Voltaire's play ""Tancrède"" of 1759. Tancred, Prince of Galilee Tancred (1075 – December 5 or December 12, 1112) was an Italo-Norman leader of"
"This latter device was so revolutionary that Monteverdi had considerable difficulty getting the players of his day to perform it correctly. These innovations, like the fourfold division of the strings, were not taken up by Monteverdi’s contemporaries or immediate successors. Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (SV 153) is an operatic ""scena"" for three voices by Claudio Monteverdi, although many dispute how the piece should be classified. The piece has a libretto drawn from Torquato Tasso's ""La Gerusalemme Liberata"" (""Jerusalem Delivered"", Canto XII, 52–62, 64–68), a Romance set against the backdrop of the First"
"Romualdo Tancredi Romualdo Tancredi, O.S.B. (1637–1694) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Montalcino (1688–1694). Romualdo Tancredi was born in 7 July 1637 in Siena, Italy and ordained a priest in the Order of Saint Benedict. On 9 August 1688, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent XI as Bishop of Montalcino. On 22 August 1688, he was consecrated bishop by Savo Millini, Bishop of Orvieto, with Pietro Francesco Orsini de Gravina, Archbishop of Benevento, and Gianfrancesco Riccamonti, Bishop of Cervia, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Montalcino until his death in December"
"tragedy. The theme of Orpheus, the demi-god of music, was understandably popular and attracted Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) who wrote his first opera, ""La Favola d'Orfeo"" (The Fable of Orpheus), in 1607 for the court of Mantua. Monteverdi insisted on a strong relationship between the words and music. When ""Orfeo"" was performed in Mantua, an orchestra of 38 instruments, numerous choruses and recitatives were used to make a lively drama. It was a far more ambitious version than those previously performed — more opulent, more varied in recitatives, more exotic in scenery — with stronger musical climaxes which allowed the full"
"Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda Il combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (SV 153) is an operatic ""scena"" for three voices by Claudio Monteverdi, although many dispute how the piece should be classified. The piece has a libretto drawn from Torquato Tasso's ""La Gerusalemme Liberata"" (""Jerusalem Delivered"", Canto XII, 52–62, 64–68), a Romance set against the backdrop of the First Crusade, when Godfrey of Bouillon conquered Jerusalem. ""Il Combattimento"" was first produced in 1624 but not printed until 1638, when it appeared with several other pieces in Monteverdi’s eighth book of madrigals (written over a period of many years). In"
"was dedicated to Marie Antoinette. Armida (Sacchini) Armida is an ""opera seria"" in three acts with music by Antonio Sacchini set to a libretto by Jacopo Durandi (a.k.a. Giacomo Duranti), based on the epic poem ""Gerusalemme liberata"" by Torquato Tasso. The opera was first performed during the 1772 Carnival season at the Teatro Regio Ducal in Milan. In ""Armida"", Sacchini incorporated many elements of French opera, including frequent use of chorus, ballet, and theatrical spectacle on a grand scale. Sacchini later wrote two more operas loosely based on the same story from Tasso: the 1780 London work ""Rinaldo"", and his"
"popular soprano, Lorenza Correa, sang the role of Queen Zenobia. The orchestra at the premiere was conducted by Alessandro Rolla, with the staging directed by Alessandro Sanquirico. The opera's opening night proved disappointing to the Milanese critics who praised the production but considered the music inferior to that of Rossini's ""Tancredi"" which had premiered in Venice earlier that year. There was also criticism of the three principal singers. Nevertheless, it had a run of 14 performances at La Scala that season and was performed sporadically in various Italian theatres (including the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples) between 1814 and"
"'40s, he also made many impressive recordings of individual arias from operas by Verdi, Bellini, Donizetti, Ponchielli and several French composers. Made originally for the Fonotipia, Columbia, Cetra and HMV labels, many of these 78-rpm discs have been re-released on CD in recent times by Preiser and other firms. After retiring from the stage, Pasero dedicated his time to teaching. Among his pupils was Zdeněk Kroupa. He died in Milan in 1983 at the age of 90 and is buried at the city's Monumental Cemetery. Tancredi Pasero Tancredi Pasero (11 January 1893 in Turin – 17 February 1983 in Milan)"
"Giovanni Battista De Negri Giovanni Battista De Negri (30 July 1851 – 3 April 1924) was an Italian operatic tenor particularly known for his portrayal of the title roles in Wagner's ""Tannhäuser"" and Verdi's ""Otello"". In 1895, he created the title role in Mascagni's ""Guglielmo Ratcliff"". De Negri was born in Alessandria, a city in Italy's Piedmont Region. In 1873 he began studying singing, first in his native city with Carlo Guasco and then in Milan with Luigia Abbadia. He made his debut on 26 December 1876 at the Teatro Sociale in Bergamo in Filippo Sangiorgi's opera ""Diana di Chaverny"""
"may refer to the French-influenced poetry of Gabriello Chiabrera, some of which was set by Monteverdi in his ""Scherzi musicali"", and which departs from the traditional Italian style of lines of 9 or 11 syllables). Monteverdi may possibly have been a member of Vincenzo's entourage at Florence in 1600 for the marriage of Maria de' Medici and Henry IV of France, at which celebrations Jacopo Peri's opera ""Euridice"" (the earliest surviving opera) was premiered. On the death of Pallavicino in 1601 Monteverdi was confirmed as the new ""maestro di capella"". At the turn of the 17th century, Monteverdi found himself"
"matrimonio"" (""The Marriage Contract""), was produced at Venice when he was a youth of 18 years. Two years before this he had already received the prize at the Conservatorio of Bologna for his cantata ""Il pianto d'Armonia sulla morte d'Orfeo"". Between 1810 and 1813 at Bologna, Rome, Venice and Milan, Rossini produced operas of varying success, most notably ""La pietra del paragone"" and ""Il signor Bruschino"", with its brilliant and unique overture. In 1813, ""Tancredi"" and ""L'italiana in Algeri"" were even bigger successes, and catapulted the 20-year-old composer to international fame. The libretto for ""Tancredi"" was an arrangement by Gaetano"
"making his mark with a number of brilliant comic operas (most notably ""Il barbiere di Siviglia"", ""La Cenerentola"", ""Il turco in Italia"", and ""L'italiana in Algeri""), Rossini turned more and more to serious opera (""opere serie""). During the years 1813 (when Rossini composed ""Tancredi"") until 1822 he wrote a considerable series of them, mostly for the Teatro di San Carlo, Naples"". One reason for his new interest in the serious genre was his connection with the great dramatic soprano Isabella Colbran, who was first his mistress, then his wife. She created the leading female roles in ""Elisabetta, regina d'Inghilterra"" (1815),"
"1694. Romualdo Tancredi Romualdo Tancredi, O.S.B. (1637–1694) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Montalcino (1688–1694). Romualdo Tancredi was born in 7 July 1637 in Siena, Italy and ordained a priest in the Order of Saint Benedict. On 9 August 1688, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Innocent XI as Bishop of Montalcino. On 22 August 1688, he was consecrated bishop by Savo Millini, Bishop of Orvieto, with Pietro Francesco Orsini de Gravina, Archbishop of Benevento, and Gianfrancesco Riccamonti, Bishop of Cervia, serving as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Montalcino until his death in"
"Semiramide Semiramide () is an opera in two acts by Gioachino Rossini. The libretto by Gaetano Rossi is based on Voltaire's tragedy ""Semiramis"", which in turn was based on the legend of Semiramis of Assyria. The opera was first performed at La Fenice in Venice on 3 February 1823. ""Semiramide"" was Rossini's final Italian opera and according to Richard Osborne, ""could well be dubbed ""Tancredi Revisited"""". As in ""Tancredi"", Rossi's libretto was based on a Voltaire tragedy. The music took the form of a return to vocal traditions of Rossini's youth, and was a melodrama in which he ""recreated the"
"Luigi Lechi rework the libretto to emulate the original tragic ending by Voltaire. In this new ending, presented at the Teatro Comunale in Ferrara on 21 March 1813, Tancredi wins the battle but is mortally wounded, and only then does he learn that Amenaide never betrayed him. Argirio marries the lovers in time for Tancredi to die in his wife's arms. As has been stated by Philip Gossett and Patricia Brauner, it was the rediscovery of the score of this ending in 1974 (although elsewhere Gossett provides evidence that it was 1976) that resulted in the version which is usually"