"the Tavastians and the Karelians. The southwestern part of the country, the province where the Finns lived, was called simply Finland (Finnish: ""Suomi""). In the 17th century the name began to be used to refer to the whole land and a specified name for the lesser Finland was required. The first notes ""Fennigia specialiter dicta"" and ""Fennigia presse dicta"" were recorded in Latin in the 1650s and the Swedish ""Finland för sig sielft"" and ""Egenteliga Finland"" later in the 18th century the modern form ""Egentliga Finland"" being in official use at the end of the century. The Finnish term ""Varsinais-Suomi"""
"Finland Finland ( ; ), officially the Republic of Finland (, ) is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east. Finland is a Nordic country and is situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia. The capital and largest city is Helsinki. Other major cities are Espoo, Vantaa, Tampere, Oulu and Turku. Finland's population is 5.52 million (2018), and the majority of the population is concentrated in the southern region. 88.7% of the population is Finnish and speaks"
"travelled to Spain to support their team. Overall, they chartered more than 40 airplanes. Finland Finland ( ; ), officially the Republic of Finland (, ) is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east. Finland is a Nordic country and is situated in the geographical region of Fennoscandia. The capital and largest city is Helsinki. Other major cities are Espoo, Vantaa, Tampere, Oulu and Turku. Finland's population is 5.52 million (2018), and the majority of the population"
"""saame"" (Sami, a Finno-Ugric people in Lapland) and ""Häme"" (a province in the inland), but that theory is uncertain. The first survived use of word ""Suomi"" is in 811 in the Royal Frankish Annals where it is used as a person name connected to a peace treaty. In the earliest historical sources from the 12th and 13th centuries, the term Finland refers to the coastal region around Turku from Perniö to Uusikaupunki. This region later became known as Finland Proper in distinction from the country name Finland. Finland became a common name for the whole country in a centuries-long process"
"Finns proper Finns proper (from Swedish ""Finnar"" or ""egentliga Finnar"", ) are a historic people and a modern subgroup (heimo) of the Finnish people. They live in areas of the historical province of Finland Proper (Varsinais-Suomi) and speak Southwestern dialects of Finnish. Finns proper had very early strong connections to Scandinavia. Originally, the exonym ""Finland"" and the endonym ""Suomi"" referred only to the Southwestern region inhabited by Finns proper. Later, the meaning of these names expanded to refer to the whole area of modern Finland. Earlier, the name ""Finn"" meant Sami people, especially in older Norse sagas. The Russian name"
"Toponyms of Finland The toponyms of Finland result mainly from the legacy left by three linguistic heritages: the Finnish language (spoken as first language by about 93% of the population), the Swedish language (about 5.5%) and Sami languages (about 0.03%). Finland’s place names range from those of unknown or unrecognizable origins to more clearly derivable onomastics. There are both national and international recommendations on how to use the bilingual country's place names in texts written in different languages. In Finland, the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland and the National Land Survey of Finland are jointly responsible for the"
"the split of the Finns Party in June 2017, Prime Minister Juha Sipilä (kesk.) terminated the government's co-operation with the Finns Party and proposed a new coalition consisting of three groups: the intact Centre and National Coalition parties, as well as Blue Reform, a new party consisting solely of former members of the Finns Party. The Parliament's Finnish name is ""eduskunta"", uncapitalized. This word is used exclusively to refer to Finland's legislature; the general term for legislatures is ""parlamentti"". In Swedish, the Parliament's name is ""riksdag"", uncapitalized. This is also the general term for the Swedish legislature. The Parliament of"
"Finnish, a Uralic language unrelated to the Scandinavian languages; next come the Finland-Swedes (5.3%). Finland is the eighth-largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. The sovereign state is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in the capital city of Helsinki, local governments in 311 municipalities, and one autonomous region, the Åland Islands. Over 1.4 million people live in the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, which produces one third of the country's GDP. Finland was inhabited when the last ice age ended, approximately 9000 BCE. The first settlers left behind artefacts that present"
"Proper, Varsinais-Suomi) and later the whole area of modern Finland. But it is not known how, why, and when this occurred. Petri Kallio has suggested that the name ""Suomi"" may bear even earlier Indo-European echoes with the original meaning of either ""land"" or ""human"". The first known mention of Finns is in the Old English poem Widsith which was compiled in the 10th century, though its contents is probably older. Among the first written sources possibly designating western Finland as the land of Finns are also two rune stones. One of these is in Söderby, Sweden, with the inscription ""finlont"""
"Suomenlinna Suomenlinna (Finnish; until 1918 Viapori), or Sveaborg (Swedish), literal translation in Finnish is ""Castle of Finland"" and in Swedish ""Castle of Sweden"" is an inhabited sea fortress built on six islands (Kustaanmiekka (sv:Vargskär / Gustavssvärd), Susisaari (sv:Vargö), Iso-Mustasaari (sv:Stora Östersvartö), Pikku-Mustasaari (sv:Lilla Östersvartö), Länsi-Mustasaari (sv:Västersvartö), and Långören) and which now forms part of the city of Helsinki, the capital of Finland. Suomenlinna is a UNESCO World Heritage site and popular with tourists and locals, who enjoy it as a picturesque picnic site. Originally named ""Sveaborg"" (Fortress of Svea), or ""Viapori"" as called by Finnish-speaking Finns, it was renamed in"
"the Swedish language is widely spoken even today. Swedish came to be the language of the upper class in many other parts of Finland as well. The name ""Finland"" originally signified only the southwestern province that has been known as ""Finland Proper"" since the 18th century. First known mention of Finland is in runestone Gs 13 from 11th century. The original Swedish name for the realm's eastern part was Österlands in plural, meaning the area of Finland proper, Tavastia and Karelia, but it was later transferred into singular form Österland (lit. Eastern Land) which was in use between 1350–1470. In"
"religion is guaranteed under the Finnish Constitution. The earliest written appearance of the name ""Finland"" is thought to be on three runestones. Two were found in the Swedish province of Uppland and have the inscription ""finlonti"" (U 582). The third was found in Gotland. It has the inscription ""finlandi"" (G 319) and dates back to the 13th century. The name can be assumed to be related to the tribe name ""Finns"", which is mentioned at first known time AD 98 (disputed meaning). The name ""Suomi"" () has uncertain origins, but a candidate for a source is the Proto-Baltic word ""*źemē"","
"(river and town Seinäjoki) ""Seinäjoella (either on river Seinäjoki or in town Seinäjoki. Case of being in or under the river being ""Seinäjoessa). The rest receive internal locative suffixes, as in ""Helsingissä"" (being inflected form of the town, meaning: in Helsinki). Toponyms of Finland The toponyms of Finland result mainly from the legacy left by three linguistic heritages: the Finnish language (spoken as first language by about 93% of the population), the Swedish language (about 5.5%) and Sami languages (about 0.03%). Finland’s place names range from those of unknown or unrecognizable origins to more clearly derivable onomastics. There are both"
"Sweden and many European countries rapidly acknowledged the new nation Finland. Finland has mainly Finnish (increasing) and Swedish (decreasing) surnames and first names. There are two predominant surname traditions among the ""Finnish"" in Finland: the West Finnish and the East Finnish. The surname traditions of ""Swedish-speaking"" farmers, fishermen and craftsmen resembles the West Finnish tradition, while smaller populations of ""Sami"" and ""Romani people"" have traditions of their own. Finland was exposed to a very small immigration from Russia, so Russian names barely exists. Until the mid 20th Century, Finland was a predominantly agrarian society, and the names of West Finns"
"Finnish Maiden The Maiden of Finland (, ) is the national personification of Finland. She is a barefoot young woman in her mid-twenties with often braided blonde hair, blue eyes, wearing a blue and white national costume or a white dress. She was originally called Aura after the Aura River in Turku. As a symbol, the Finnish Maiden has been used since the 19th century when she was pictured as a woman wearing a turreted crown, and then developing as Finland gained a national consciousness and independence. She was depicted in poetry and fine arts. Zachris Topelius and Walter Runeberg"
"Southwest Finland Southwest Finland or, officially, Varsinais-Suomi, also known as Finland Proper (, ) is a region in the south-west of Finland. It borders the regions of Satakunta, Tavastia Proper (Kanta-Häme), and Uusimaa. The region's capital and most populous city is Turku. The area comprising the southwest is largely the same as the historical province of Finland Proper, so named because it is the original home of the tribe known as the Finns. The name of Finland Proper has a historical function. In historic times, in the area of the present southern Finland lived three tribes, which were the Finns,"
"the map on the right. Finnish Maiden The Maiden of Finland (, ) is the national personification of Finland. She is a barefoot young woman in her mid-twenties with often braided blonde hair, blue eyes, wearing a blue and white national costume or a white dress. She was originally called Aura after the Aura River in Turku. As a symbol, the Finnish Maiden has been used since the 19th century when she was pictured as a woman wearing a turreted crown, and then developing as Finland gained a national consciousness and independence. She was depicted in poetry and fine arts."
"Helsinki Helsinki (; ; ) is the capital city and most populous municipality of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of Uusimaa in southern Finland, and has a population of . The city's urban area has a population of , making it by far the most populous urban area in Finland as well as the country's most important center for politics, education, finance, culture, and research. Helsinki is located north of Tallinn, Estonia, east of Stockholm, Sweden, and west of Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has close historical ties with"
"This is not the same, but visually recognizable; since they are not linguistically umlauts, they cannot be substituted with ""ae"" and ""oe"" as in German. Finland has three predominant surname traditions: the West Finnish, the East Finnish and that of the Swedish nobility, clergy, bourgeoisie and military. Until the early 20th century, Finland was a predominantly agrarian society and the names of West Finns were based on their association with a particular area, farm, or homestead (e.g., ""Jaakko Jussila"" (""Jaakko from the farm of Jussi"")). Farm names typically had the suffix ""-la"" and could refer to the husband (like ""Jussila"")"
"Finnish language Finnish (, or ""suomen kieli"" ) is a Finnic language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside Finland. Finnish is one of the two official languages of Finland (the other being the Swedish language); Finnish is also an official minority language in Sweden. In Sweden, both Standard Finnish and Meänkieli, a Finnish dialect, are spoken. The Kven language, a dialect of Finnish, is spoken in Northern Norway by a minority group of Finnish descent. Finnish is a member of the Finnic language family and is typologically between fusional and agglutinative languages."
"Сумь, 'Sum', which appears in Novgorodian chronicles, is believed to refer to Finns proper. ""Sums"" are mentioned as allies of Swedes at the Battle of Neva at 1240. Finns proper Finns proper (from Swedish ""Finnar"" or ""egentliga Finnar"", ) are a historic people and a modern subgroup (heimo) of the Finnish people. They live in areas of the historical province of Finland Proper (Varsinais-Suomi) and speak Southwestern dialects of Finnish. Finns proper had very early strong connections to Scandinavia. Originally, the exonym ""Finland"" and the endonym ""Suomi"" referred only to the Southwestern region inhabited by Finns proper. Later, the meaning"
"writings set in the world of Middle-earth, Quenya is a highly-revered language. Finnish language Finnish (, or ""suomen kieli"" ) is a Finnic language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland and by ethnic Finns outside Finland. Finnish is one of the two official languages of Finland (the other being the Swedish language); Finnish is also an official minority language in Sweden. In Sweden, both Standard Finnish and Meänkieli, a Finnish dialect, are spoken. The Kven language, a dialect of Finnish, is spoken in Northern Norway by a minority group of Finnish descent. Finnish is a member of"
"arriving in Finland. Furthermore, the traditional Finnish lexicon has a large number of words (about one-third) without a known etymology, hinting at the existence of a disappeared Paleo-European language; these include toponyms such as ""niemi"" ""peninsula"". Because the Finnish language itself reached a written form only in the 16th century, little primary data remains of early Finnish life. For example, the origins of such cultural icons as the sauna, the kantele (an instrument of the zither family), and the ""Kalevala"" (national epic) have remained rather obscure. Agriculture supplemented by fishing and hunting has been the traditional livelihood among Finns. Slash-and-burn"
"Finnish: ""Viapori"", today: ""Suomenlinna"") began in 1748. During the Finnish War, Russians captured Helsingfors in March 1808 and besieged the Sveaborg fortress until it surrendered in May. In addition, about one quarter of the town was destroyed by a fire in November of that year. Following the Russian victory in the war, sovereignty over Finland was transferred from Sweden to Russia in 1809, and in 1812 the Russian government relocated the Finnish capital to Helsinki from Turku (in Swedish: ""Åbo""), a city across from Sweden on the Gulf of Bothnia. It was believed that the relative lack of Swedish influence"
"were held in 1952 in Helsinki, Finland. Other notable sporting events held in Finland include the 1983 and 2005 World Championships in Athletics, among others. Some of the most popular recreational sports and activities include floorball, Nordic walking, running, cycling and skiing. Below are listed some of the characteristics of Finnishness. The term ""Finnishness"" is often referred to as the national identity of the Finnish people and its culture. Culture of Finland The culture of Finland combines indigenous heritage, as represented for example by the country's national languages Uralic Finnish and Germanic Swedish, the sauna, with common Nordic, and European"
"Mrs. and Miss are ""herra"", ""rouva"" and ""neiti"", respectively. Thus, for example, in formal contexts, ""Matti Johannes Virtanen"" can be referred to as ""herra Virtanen"" or ""herra Matti Virtanen"", if several Virtanens are present. In most other contexts, simply one name, surname or first name, is used. As in Swedish culture, politeness is often expressed by indirect address, such that the use of names might even be deliberately avoided. In spite of this, formal Finnish features various titles, particularly presidential citations such as ""vuorineuvos"" or ""ministeri"". Finnish name In Finland, a person must have a surname and can have up"
"Independence of Finland Finland declared its independence on 6 December 1917. The formal declaration of Independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland. The subject of an independent Finland was first mentioned in the 18th century, when present-day Finland was still ruled by Sweden. During the Russian occupation in the Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743), on 18 March 1742, Elizabeth of Russia issued a proclamation in Finnish language to the Finnish people asking them to create a Finland which is both independent from Sweden and Russia. This led to preparations to create a Kingdom of Finland"
"Finnhorse The Finnhorse or Finnish Horse (, literally ""horse of Finland""; nickname: ""Suokki"", or , literally ""finnish cold-blood"") is a horse breed with both riding horse and draught horse influences and characteristics, and is the only breed developed fully in Finland. In English it is sometimes called the Finnish Universal, as the Finns consider the breed capable of fulfilling all of Finland's horse needs, including agricultural and forestry work, harness racing, and riding. In 2007, the breed was declared the official national horse breed of Finland. The Finnhorse is claimed to be among the fastest and most versatile ""coldblood"" breeds"
"Union (1940-1941, 1944-1991). See Occupation of the Baltic states. Finnish Declaration of Independence The Finnish Declaration of Independence (; ; ) was adopted by the Parliament of Finland on 6 December 1917. It declared Finland an independent nation, among nations ending its autonomy within Russia as its Grand Duchy of Finland, with reference to a simultaneously delivered bill to the Diet to make Finland an independent republic instead. Declaring the independence was only part of the long process leading to the independence of Finland. The declaration is celebrated as the Independence Day in Finland. After the February Revolution and the"
"Tourism in Finland Finland attracted over 6,7 million foreign tourists in 2017, with most, 3,6 million, coming from European Union states. In 2013 the value added by tourism was about 2.5% of the Finnish GDP, and provided around 136 700 jobs. Most visitors arriving to Finland come from: Finland is famous for its many lakes, nearly 200,000 of them (larger than 500 m²/0.12 acres). Tampere is the biggest city on the Finnish Lakeland with other major cities being Jyväskylä, Mikkeli, Lahti, Joensuu, Lappeenranta, Kuopio and Savonlinna. Finland is also known to have excellent water quality, and green deep woods and"
"Finnish name In Finland, a person must have a surname and can have up to three given names. Surnames are usually inherited patrilineally, while given names are usually chosen by a person's parents. Finnish names come from a variety of dissimilar traditions that were consolidated only in the early 20th century. The first national act on names came into force in 1921, and it made surnames mandatory. Between 1930 and 1985, the Western Finnish tradition whereby a married woman took her husband's surname was mandatory. Previously in Eastern Finland, this was not necessarily the case. Finnish given names are often"
"both Finnish and Swedish became official languages with equal status, and by the time of Finland's independence in 1917, after a Finnicization campaign by the Fennoman movement, Finnish clearly dominated in government and society. See further: Finland's language strife. Finland has since then been a bilingual country with a Swedish-speaking minority (5.6% of mainland Finland's population in 2006) living mostly in the coastal areas of southern, south-western, and western Finland. During the 20th century, the urbanization following the Industrial Revolution has led to large majorities of Finnish speakers in all major cities. The capital Helsinki (in Swedish Helsingfors) became predominantly"
"Finns Finns or Finnish people () are a Finnic ethnic group native to Finland. Finns are traditionally divided into smaller regional groups that span several countries adjacent to Finland, both those who are native to these countries as well as those who have resettled. Also, some of these may be classified as separate ethnic groups, rather than subgroups of Finns. These include the Kvens and Forest Finns in Norway, the Tornedalians in Sweden, and the Ingrian Finns in Russia. Finnish, the language spoken by most Finnic people, is closely related to other Finnic languages, e.g. Estonian and Karelian. The Finnic"