"Thirtieth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland The Thirtieth Amendment of the Constitution (Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union) Act 2012 (previously bill no. 23 of 2012) amended the Constitution of Ireland to permit Ireland to ratify the 2012 European Fiscal Compact and to preclude measures taken under the Compact from being held to be inconsistent with the Irish constitution. It was approved by referendum on 31 May 2012, by 60.3% to 39.7%, on a turnout of 50% and was signed into law by President Michael D. Higgins on 27 June 2012. The decision"
"the rest of the government. However, the president has ultimate discretion in some instances, an example of which would be that the president can refer a bill to the Supreme Court to rule on its constitutionality. Another duty of the president is to appoint the Taoiseach (prime minister), as nominated by the Dáil Éireann. The president can then appoint other ministers to the government by the nomination of the Taoiseach. The president is the commander of the Defence Forces. The President of Ireland since 2012 is Michael D. Higgins, who was elected in October 2011. The Italian presidency is based"
"Michael D. Higgins Michael Daniel Higgins (; born 18 April 1941) is an Irish politician who has served as the President of Ireland since November 2011. Higgins is a politician, poet, sociologist, and broadcaster. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Galway West constituency and was Minister for Arts, Culture and the Gaeltacht from 1993 to 1997. He was the President of the Labour Party from 2003 until 2011, when he resigned following his election as President of Ireland. He has used his time in office to address issues concerning justice, social equality, social inclusion, anti-sectarianism, anti-racism and"
"absolute discretion in some areas, such as referring a bill to the Supreme Court for a judgment on its constitutionality. Michael D. Higgins became the ninth President of Ireland on 11 November 2011. The ' (Prime Minister) serves as the head of government and is appointed by the President upon the nomination of the . Most ' have served as the leader of the political party that gains the most seats in national elections. It has become customary for coalitions to form a government, as there has not been a single-party government since 1989. Leo Varadkar succeeded Enda Kenny as"
"On 11 November 2018, Higgins was inaugurated as president of Ireland in St. Patrick's Hall, Dublin Castle it was attended by the Taoiseach Leo Varadkar, and former presidents Mary Robinson and Mary McAleese, as well as representatives of all political parties. The ceremony was moved to the evening, so Higgins could attend Armistice Day commemorations in the morning. Higgins appointed his Council of State nominees on 6 January 2012. The nominees were: As well as having a successful political career Higgins has had a career as a poet and broadcaster and has produced works of non-fiction. He has contributed widely"
"used for other countries' prime ministers (who are referred to in Irish as '). The Irish form, ', is sometimes used in English instead of ""the Taoiseach"". Outside of Ireland, the Taoiseach is sometimes referred to as the ""Prime Minister of Ireland"". Leo Varadkar TD is the current Taoiseach; he took office on 14 June 2017, following his election as leader of Fine Gael on 2 June 2017. Varadkar is the youngest Taoiseach in the history of the Irish state, having taken office at the age of 38, and the first openly LGBT person and the first person of Indian"
"reconciliation. He made the first state visit by an Irish President to the United Kingdom in April 2014. Higgins ran for a second term as President of Ireland in 2018 and was re-elected in a landslide victory. Higgins attained the largest personal mandate in the history of the Republic of Ireland, with 822,566 first preference votes. Higgins' second presidential inauguration took place on 11 November 2018. Higgins was born on 18 April 1941 in Limerick. His father, John Higgins, was from Ballycar, County Clare, and was a lieutenant with the Charleville Company, 3rd Battalion, 2nd Cork Brigade of the Irish"
"a Fianna Fáil member, although they were in coalition. Three Tánaistí later held the office of Taoiseach: Seán Lemass, Bertie Ahern, and Brian Cowen. Two Tánaistí were later elected as President of Ireland: Seán T. O'Kelly and Erskine H. Childers. Tánaiste The Tánaiste () is the deputy head of government of Ireland and thus its second-most senior office. The Tánaiste is appointed by the President of Ireland on the advice of the Taoiseach. The current office holder is Simon Coveney, TD, who was appointed on 30 November 2017. ' was the Irish word for the heir of the chief (')"
"Irish presidential election The Irish presidential election determines who serves as the President of Ireland, the head of state of Ireland. The last election took place on 27 October 2018. Where only one candidate is nominated, that candidate is declared elected without a ballot; this has occurred on six occasions. Presidential elections are conducted in line with Article 12 of the Constitution and under the Presidential Elections Act 1993, as amended. The President of Ireland is formally elected by the citizens of Ireland once in every seven years, except in the event of premature vacancy, when an election must be"
"of money and should be abolished. The functions of the President were exercised by the Presidential Commission from the coming into force of the Constitution on 29 December 1937 until the election of Douglas Hyde in 1938, and during the vacancies of 1974, 1976, and 1997. Currently, there are two living former presidents: Mary Robinson and Mary McAleese. Former presidents who are able and willing to act are members of the Council of State. President of Ireland The President of Ireland () is the head of state of Ireland and the Supreme Commander of the Irish Defence Forces. The president"
"President of Ireland The President of Ireland () is the head of state of Ireland and the Supreme Commander of the Irish Defence Forces. The president holds office for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms. The President is directly elected by the people, although there is no poll if only one candidate is nominated, which has occurred on six occasions to date. The presidency is largely a ceremonial office, but the President does exercise certain limited powers with absolute discretion. The President acts as a representative of the Irish state and guardian of the"
"be dissolved within five years after its first meeting following the previous election, and a general election for members of the Dáil must take place no later than thirty days after the dissolution. According to the Constitution of Ireland, parliamentary elections must be held at least every seven years, though a lower limit may be set by statute law. The current government is a Fine Gael led minority government led by Leo Varadkar as Taoiseach and Simon Coveney as Tánaiste. It is supported by a number of independents including Shane Ross and former Senator Katherine Zappone. The minority government is"
"in Northern Ireland (Operation Banner) and began withdrawing troops. On 27 June 2012, Northern Ireland's deputy first minister and former IRA commander, Martin McGuinness, shook hands with Queen Elizabeth II in Belfast, symbolising reconciliation between the two sides. Politically, the island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, an independent state, and Northern Ireland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom). They share an open border and both are part of the Common Travel Area. Both the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom are members of the European Union, having both acceded to its precursor entity, the European Economic"
"received from them will be deemed valid. Presidential elections are conducted in line with Article 12 of the Constitution and under the Presidential Elections Act 1993, as amended. The President of Ireland is elected through proportional representation - single transferable vote. All Irish citizens entered on the current electoral register are eligible to vote. Under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 2011, there is a spending limit by each candidate of €750,000. Candidates who are elected or who reach 12.5% of the vote on their elimination are entitled to a reimbursement of expenses up to €200,000. On 28 August the Minister for"
"hero's welcome at a victory reception on 30 October at Eyre Square, Galway; approximately 5,000 people turned out to welcome him home. 2011 Irish presidential election The Irish presidential election of 2011 was the thirteenth presidential election to be held in Ireland, and was contested by a record seven candidates. It was held on Thursday, 27 October 2011. The election was held to elect a successor to Mary McAleese, with the winner to be inaugurated as the ninth President of Ireland on 11 November 2011. Two constitutional referendums and a by-election for a vacant Dáil seat in the Dublin West"
"was announced on 2 June 2017 when, at a special meeting, the parliamentary party cast their votes. Varadkar became Fine Gael leader immediately upon the announcement of the result, but did not immediately assume the office of Taoiseach. On 13 June at a Fine Gael parliamentary party meeting, he announced that the runner up Simon Coveney would be appointed the deputy leader of the party. Varadkar was appointed by the President to the office of Taoiseach following his nomination by a vote in Dáil Éireann on 14 June. He became Ireland's youngest Taoiseach, as well as the first who is"
"these jobs. Also, the number of multinational companies in Ireland is something you won’t get in other countries and they continue to create job opportunities for skilled graduates."" It followed the enticing prospect of extended visas to work in Ireland with chances to apply for residency and citizenship. Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru: 1949 & 1956<br> President Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan: 1964<br> President Neelam Sanjiva Reddy: 1982<br> Prime Minister Narendra Modi: 2015 Éamon de Valera: 1948<br> President Patrick Hillery: 1978<br> President Mary Robinson: 1993<br> Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald: 1984<br> Taoiseach Bertie Ahern: 2006 India–Ireland relations Indo-Irish relations are the bilateral ties between India and"
"approximately 98,450. The civil service of Ireland consists of two broad components, the ""Civil Service of the Government"" and the ""Civil Service of the State"". While this partition is largely theoretical, the two parts do have some fundamental operational differences. The civil service is expected to maintain political impartiality in its work, and some parts of it are entirely independent of Government decision making. Leo Varadkar was elected as Taoiseach by Dáil Éireann on 14 June 2017, and the Dáil approved the new government later that day. Ministers are listed here by seniority. Government of Ireland The Government of Ireland"
"Clans of Ireland, including its Order of Merit. On the President's behalf, Minister for Transport, Tourism and Sport Leo Varadkar, awarded ""Companionship"" in this Order of Clans of Ireland to several nominees at a ceremony in the Mansion House, Dublin on 28 April 2012. On 11 May 2012, he became the 28th Freeman of Galway six months to the day after his inauguration. In June 2012, nonprofit housing organisation Habitat for Humanity Ireland announced that President Higgins would be their sole Patron. In October 2012, President Higgins and his wife Sabina went to South America for a two-week trip to"
"Reform Act 2014, separate county councils and borough/town councils were elected in parallel. The 2014 act replaced borough and town councils with municipal district councils comprising the county councillors from the LEA coterminous with the district. Some members of Údarás na Gaeltachta were directly elected by Gaeltacht residents between 1980 and 2012, since then all have been appointed by the government. The President of Ireland is formally elected by the citizens of Ireland once in every seven years, except in the event of premature vacancy, when an election must be held within sixty days. The President is directly elected by"
"2018 Irish presidential election The Irish presidential election of 2018 took place on Friday, 26 October, between 7.00 a.m. and 10.00 p.m. President Michael D. Higgins, who was elected in 2011, was seeking re-election. This was the first time since the 1966 election that an incumbent president faced a contest for a second term, and the first occasion on which an incumbent president nominating themselves for re-election had been opposed, as Éamon de Valera was nominated by Fianna Fáil when he sought re-election in 1966. It was also the first election with two candidates (Higgins and Seán Gallagher) who contested"
"President of Ireland with Labour support. After mergers with the Democratic Socialist Party and the Independent Socialist Party, Labour performed well in the 1992 general election and formed a coalition with Fianna Fáil, with Spring as Tánaiste. then in 1994 without a further election joined a coalition with Fine Gael and Democratic Left (the ""Rainbow Coalition""). After defeat in the 1997 general election, Labour merged with Democratic Left, and the former Democratic Left member Pat Rabbitte became leader in 2002. Rabbitte implemented the “Mullingar Accord”, a pre-election voting pact with Fine Gael, but this did not lead to greater election"
"Mary McAleese Mary Patricia McAleese (; ; ; born 27 June 1951) is an Irish Fianna Fáil and independent politician who served as the eighth President of Ireland from November 1997 to November 2011. She was the second female president of Ireland. She was first elected in 1997, succeeding Mary Robinson, making McAleese the world's first woman to succeed another as president. She was reelected unopposed for a second term in office in 2004. McAleese is the first president of Ireland to have come from either Northern Ireland or Ulster. McAleese graduated in Law from Queen's University Belfast. In 1975,"
"noted Irish individuals such as: President John F. Kennedy and the Kennedys, Henry Ford, Donald Keough, and President Clinton. Donald Keough : Chairman of the Board of Allen & Company Inc.; Former president, COO, and a director of The Coca-Cola Company — Inducted November 2010 Dr. Kevin Cahill : Medical Doctor and Chief Medical Advisor for Counterterrorism — Inducted March 2011 Bill Clinton : 42nd President of the United States — Inducted March 2011 Mary Higgins Clark : World-renowned author of suspense novels — Inducted March 2011 Charles Feeney : Entrepreneur, Philanthropist, and Humanitarian — Inducted March 2011 Michael Flatley"
"be a joint appointment between the university's College of Arts and College of Social Sciences. On 8 June 2013, a ceremony was held to rename a bridge on the M1 motorway near Drogheda as the Mary McAleese Boyne Valley Bridge to honour McAleese's contribution to the Northern Ireland peace process. Mary McAleese Mary Patricia McAleese (; ; ; born 27 June 1951) is an Irish Fianna Fáil and independent politician who served as the eighth President of Ireland from November 1997 to November 2011. She was the second female president of Ireland. She was first elected in 1997, succeeding Mary"
"later rejoined the Fianna Fáil parliamentary party in April 2008. Ministers are listed in order of seniority. The 28th Government of Ireland (7 May 2008 – 9 March 2011) was formed following the resignation of Bertie Ahern as Taoiseach on 6 May 2008 and the subsequent election of Brian Cowen as Ireland's 12th head of government. It was initially composed of Fianna Fáil, the Green Party, the Progressive Democrats and supported by independent TDs Jackie Healy-Rae, Michael Lowry and Finian McGrath. McGrath later withdrew his support in October 2008. Following the disbandment of the Progressive Democrats in 2009, it became"
"2011 Irish presidential election The Irish presidential election of 2011 was the thirteenth presidential election to be held in Ireland, and was contested by a record seven candidates. It was held on Thursday, 27 October 2011. The election was held to elect a successor to Mary McAleese, with the winner to be inaugurated as the ninth President of Ireland on 11 November 2011. Two constitutional referendums and a by-election for a vacant Dáil seat in the Dublin West constituency took place on the same day. The seven candidates were Mary Davis, Seán Gallagher, Michael D. Higgins, Martin McGuinness, Gay Mitchell,"
"Chief Justice of Ireland The Chief Justice of Ireland () is the president of the Supreme Court of Ireland. The current Chief Justice is Frank Clarke. Under the Constitution of Ireland, the Chief Justice also occupies certain ""ex officio"" positions: Under s. 2(5) of the Referendum Act 1998, the Chief Justice nominates the chairperson of the Referendum Commission. The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was created under the Courts of Justice Act 1924. Before 1924 the Lord Chancellor of Ireland was the highest judicial office in Ireland. The Supreme Court sits in the Four Courts. When the Supreme Court"
"vacancies are filled by co-option and European vacancies by an individual from a list of replacements nominated by the MEP at the time of his election. The office of President of Ireland has existed since the adoption of the current Constitution of Ireland in 1937, which provided that the President would be elected by IRV. However the first election did not occur until 1945. This is because the constitution also allows that, where there is agreement among political parties, a consensus candidate can come to office without the occurrence of an election. The President occupies a largely ceremonial position, as"
"2012. Taoiseach The Taoiseach () is the prime minister, chief executive and head of government of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas (parliament), and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil. The word means ""chief"" or ""leader"" in Irish and was adopted in the 1937 Constitution of Ireland as the title of the ""head of the Government, or Prime Minister"". Taoiseach is the official title of the head of government in both English and Irish, and is"
"Justice Clarke is particularly noted for the clarity of his judgments and highly proficient style of writing. He is married to Dr. Jacqueline Hayden since 1977 and they have a son and a daughter. Frank Clarke (judge) Frank Clarke (born 10 October 1951) is the 12th and current Chief Justice of Ireland. He took his seat on 28 July 2017, having been appointed by Michael D. Higgins. He has served as a Judge of the Supreme Court since February 2012. He previously served as a Judge of the High Court from 2004 to 2012. Clarke was born on 10 October"
"League of Ireland promotion/relegation play-off at Terryland Park, wrapped in the scarf of his favourite team, and being greeted by a large banner hanging from a stand declaring ""Welcome home to Galway, Mr President"". Higgins was inaugurated as President of Ireland at Dublin Castle on 11 November 2011 as part of the ceremony. The ceremony had a humanist element, alongside Christian, Jewish and Muslim ones. Higgins receives an annual salary of €250,000. After assuming office, the President wrote to the Department of Public Expenditure and Reform to request that his salary be reduced by 23.5 percent from €325,000 to about"
"of state is the President of Ireland. In keeping with the state's parliamentary system of government the President exercises a mainly ceremonial role but does possess certain specific powers. The presidency is open to all Irish citizens who are at least 35. They are directly elected by secret ballot under the alternative vote. A candidate may be nominated for election as President by no fewer than 20 members of the Oireachtas or by four or more of Ireland's 31 County and City Councils. A retiring President may nominate themselves as a candidate for re-election. If only one valid candidate is"