"Moscow Mule, Bloody Mary and Bloody Caesar. The name ""vodka"" is a diminutive form of the Slavic word ""voda"" (water), interpreted as ""little water"": root вод- (""vod-"") [water] + -к- (""-k-"") (diminutive suffix, among other functions) + ""-a"" (ending of feminine gender). The word ""vodka"" was recorded for the first time in 1405 in ""Akta Grodzkie"", the court documents from the Palatinate of Sandomierz in Poland. At the time, ""wódka"" referred to medicines and cosmetic products, while the beverage was called ""gorzałka"" (from the Old Polish ""gorzeć"" meaning ""to burn""), which is also the source of Ukrainian ""horilka"" (). The"
"production). That's why this bevarage for a long time was associated with Moscow. ""Vodka"" is an augmentative from Russian ""voda"" (""water""). The first written usage of the word vodka in an official Russian document in its modern meaning is dated by the decree of Empress Elizabeth of June 8, 1751, which regulated the ownership of vodka distilleries. Isidore (inventor) Isidore () was a 15th-century Russian Orthodox monk from Chudov Monastery in Moscow, credited with producing the first genuine recipe of Russian vodka circa 1430, a fact later recognised by international arbitration in 1982. A type of distilled liquor close to"
"Isidore (inventor) Isidore () was a 15th-century Russian Orthodox monk from Chudov Monastery in Moscow, credited with producing the first genuine recipe of Russian vodka circa 1430, a fact later recognised by international arbitration in 1982. A type of distilled liquor close to one that would later become generally designated by the Russian word ""vodka"" came to Russia in the late 14th century. In 1386 the Genoese ambassadors brought the first ""aqua vitae"" (""the living water"") to Moscow and presented it to Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy, who previously had defeated Tatar-Mongols and their Genoese mercenaries in the remarkable large-scale Battle"
"Vodka Vodka ( , ) is a distilled beverage composed primarily of water and ethanol, but sometimes with traces of impurities and flavorings. Traditionally, vodka is made through the distillation of cereal grains or potatoes that have been fermented, though some modern brands, such as Ciroc, CooranBong, and Bombora, use fruits or sugar. Since the 1890s, the standard Polish, Russian, Belarusian, Czech, Estonian, Hungarian, Icelandic, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Slovak, Swedish and Ukrainian vodkas are 40% ABV or alcohol by volume (80 US proof), a percentage widely misattributed to Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev. Meanwhile, the European Union has established a minimum"
"similar etymology, from the Irish/Scottish Gaelic ""uisce beatha""/uisge-beatha.) People in the area of vodka's probable origin have names for vodka with roots meaning ""to burn"": ; ; ; ; is also in use, colloquially and in proverbs); ; . In Russian during the 17th and 18th centuries, (""goryashchee vino"", ""burning wine"" or ""hot wine"") was widely used. Others languages include the German ""Branntwein"", Danish ""brændevin"", , , and (although the latter terms refer to any strong alcoholic beverage). Scholars debate the beginnings of vodka. It is a contentious issue because very little historical material is available. For many centuries, beverages"
"a translation from German), Johann Gottlieb Georgi correctly explained that """"kabak"" in the Russian language signifies a public house for the common people to drink ""vodka"" (a sort of brandy) in."" William Tooke in 1799 glossed ""vodka"" as ""rectified corn-spirits"". In French, Théophile Gautier in 1800 glossed it as a ""grain liquor"" served with meals in Poland ("" de grain""). Another possible connection of ""vodka"" with ""water"" is the name of the medieval alcoholic beverage ""aqua vitae"" (Latin, literally, ""water of life""), which is reflected in Polish ""okowita"", Ukrainian , Belarusian , and Scandinavian ""akvavit"". (Note that whiskey has a"
"word vodka written in Cyrillic appeared first in 1533, in relation to a medicinal drink brought from Poland to Russia by the merchants of Kievan Rus'. Although the word ""vodka"" could be found in early manuscripts and in ""lubok"" pictograms, it began to appear in Russian dictionaries only in the mid-19th century. It was attested in Sámuel Gyarmathi's Russian-German-Hungarian glossary of 1799, where it is glossed with Latin ""vinum adustum"" (""burnt [i.e. distilled] wine""). In English literature the word vodka was attested already in the late 18th century. In a book of his travels published in English in 1780 (presumably,"
"Latin), from where came the name of this substance in many European languages (like English spirit, or Russian ""spirt""). According to a legend, around 1430 a monk called Isidore from Chudov Monastery inside the Moscow Kremlin made a recipe of the first Russian vodka. Having a special knowledge and distillation devices he became an author of the alcoholic beverage of a new, higher quality. This ""bread wine"" as it was initially known, was produced for a long time exclusively in the Grand Duchy of Moscow and in no other principality of Rus' (this situation persisted until the era of industrial"
"commonly, it was referred to as ""burning wine"", ""bread wine"", or even in some locations simply ""wine"". In some locations, grape wine may have been so expensive that it was a drink only for aristocrats. Burning wine was usually diluted with water to 24% ABV or less before drinking. It was mostly sold in taverns and was quite expensive. At the same time, the word ""vodka"" was already in use, but it described herbal tinctures (similar to absinthe), containing up to 75% ABV, and made for medicinal purposes. The first written usage of the word ""vodka"" in an official Russian"
"Russia in the late 14th century. In 1386, the Genoese ambassadors brought the first ""aqua vitae"" (""the water of life"") to Moscow and presented it to Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy. The liquid obtained by distillation of grape must was thought to be a concentrate and a ""spirit"" of wine (""spiritus vini"" in Latin), from where came the name of this substance in many European languages (like English spirit, or Russian , ). According to a legend, around 1430, a monk named Isidore from Chudov Monastery inside the Moscow Kremlin made a recipe of the first Russian vodka. Having a special"
"Vozhd Vozhd () is a Russian Church Slavonic loanword derived from the verb ""vesti"" (, meaning ""to lead"", ""to guide""). In Russian it was often used in reference to the Soviet leaders such as Joseph Stalin or Lenin as Vozhd of the proletariat (), Vozhd of the Russian Communist Party (), Vozhd of the World Revolution (), Vozhd of the Peoples (). In modern Russian, ""vozhd"" became exclusive for the Communist leaders or leaders of aboriginal tribes. The word is becoming somewhat obsolete and is being replaced by its English version, ""leader"". In German language is a counterpart of Führer."
"38% is the ideal strength of vodka, and that this number was later rounded to 40% to simplify the calculation of alcohol tax. However, Mendeleev's dissertation was about alcohol concentrations over 70% and he never wrote anything about vodka. Furthermore, the 40% standard strength was introduced by the Russian government already in 1843, when Mendeleev was nine years old. Russian Standard (vodka) Russian Standard () Vodka is a major Russian company producer of the premium vodka brand with the same name. The brand was founded by Roustam Tariko in 1998. The brand was introduced as the ""Russian Standard"" vodka in"
"Russian Standard (vodka) Russian Standard () Vodka is a major Russian company producer of the premium vodka brand with the same name. The brand was founded by Roustam Tariko in 1998. The brand was introduced as the ""Russian Standard"" vodka in 1998 by the Russian Standard company of Roustam Tariko. The ""Russian Standard"", later called ""Original"", vodka established the brand as one of the top premium vodka brands in the Russian market. Its new ""Russian"", Soviet-free identity, turned (unusually for a premium beverage) an advantage in the rapidly developing market of the 1990s Russia. Two years after a successful Russian"
"name should be translated as ""white water"" Folk-etymology sometimes associates the name ""Vologda"" with the Russian word ""volok"" () meaning ""portage"" or ""stretch of forest"". The source of the Vologda lies in the western part of Vologodsky District. The river flows north, enters Sheksninsky District for several kilometers, returns to Vologodsky District and turns southwest. The valley of the Vologda is heavily populated. Upstream of the city of Vologda, the river accepts the Toshnya from the right and turns east, flowing through the city of Vologda. East of Vologda, the river flows northeast past unpopulated swampy areas and joins the"
"""Vozhd"" also has connotations to ""master"" in the Russian language, from the days of serfdom. Vozhd Vozhd () is a Russian Church Slavonic loanword derived from the verb ""vesti"" (, meaning ""to lead"", ""to guide""). In Russian it was often used in reference to the Soviet leaders such as Joseph Stalin or Lenin as Vozhd of the proletariat (), Vozhd of the Russian Communist Party (), Vozhd of the World Revolution (), Vozhd of the Peoples (). In modern Russian, ""vozhd"" became exclusive for the Communist leaders or leaders of aboriginal tribes. The word is becoming somewhat obsolete and is"
"years, this industry experienced significant growth. ""Tochka"" () is a popular euphemism for an outdoor market for prostitutes in Moscow and other large Russian cities, a word literally meaning 'point' or 'location' in Russian. (The word ""tochka"" may also be used in many other contexts. Its usage is originated from the notion ""a point on the map"". Initially it was used in military and geologist slang to denote, e.g., a military or geologist base or other specific location. Over time its usages was expanded. For example, in alcoholics' parlance, a ""tochka"" is a place where vodka is sold.) Starting from"
"in 1405 from ""Akta Grodzkie"" recorder of deeds, in the court documents from the Palatinate of Sandomierz in Poland and it went on to become a popular drink there. At the time, the word ""wódka"" referred to chemical compounds such as medicines and cosmetics' cleansers, while the popular beverage currently known as vodka was called ""gorzałka"" (from the Old Polish verb ""gorzeć"" meaning ""to burn""), which is also the source of Ukrainian ""horilka"" (горілка). The word written in Cyrillic appeared first in 1533, in relation to a medicinal drink brought from Poland to Russia by the merchants of Kievan Rus'."
"which has since been replaced by tea as the Russian mainstay beverage. Of Russia's alcoholic beverages, perhaps the most ancient is Medovukha, a sweet, low-alcohol drink, made with fermented-honey with the addition of various spices. A stronger honey-based beverage, stavlenniy myod, also exists in Russia and is broadly equivalent to Scandinavian mead; it is typically made with the admixture of berry juices. Vodka is most well-known of Russia's alcoholic products and is produced, with some variation, throughout the country. Vodka can be either grain or potato based and is frequently flavored with a great variety of ingredients ranging from hot-pepper"
"Okovita Aquavit or okovita (Latin: ""aqua vitae"", ""water of life"") has two meanings. It is an old name for vodka, and it can also be a strong alcoholic beverage, usually around 70-80% alcohol, of very low quality. It was usually unclear, as it was distilled with alcohol content and cheap price in mind, with little regard to taste. It is likely that the name ""vodka"" (from ""voda"" (or ""woda""), ""water"") stems from the difference between high-quality clear (and thus water-like in appearance) products and the lower-class stronger okovita. Also, the former was preferred by upper classes of the society, while"
"of 37.5% ABV for any ""European vodka"" to be named as such. Products sold as ""vodka"" in the United States must have a minimum alcohol content of 40%. Even with these loose restrictions, most vodka sold contains 40% ABV. Vodka is traditionally drunk ""neat"" (not mixed with water, ice, or other mixer), though it is often served freezer chilled in the vodka belt countries of Belarus, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Lithuania, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden and Ukraine. It is also used in cocktails and mixed drinks, such as the Vodka martini, Cosmopolitan, Vodka Tonic, Screwdriver, Greyhound, Black or White Russian,"
"A History of Vodka A History of Vodka (, Romanized: ) is an academic monograph by William Pokhlyobkin, which was awarded the Langhe Ceretto Prize. Although the work had been was finished in 1979, it was published just before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In his book, in particular, Pokhlyobkin wanted the Russian vodka to be legally produced only from the rye stuff. After years of painstaking research Pokhlyobkin concluded that Russia's first grain-based vodka could have been distilled at the premises of the Chudov Monastery in the Moscow Kremlin by a monk called Isidore circa 1430. Apparently, the"
"– added to the vodka by the illegal traders because of its high alcohol content and low price. Death toll estimates list at least 120 dead and more than 1,000 poisoned. The death toll is expected to rise due to the chronic nature of the cirrhosis that is causing the jaundice. However, there are also much higher estimates of the annual death toll (dozens or even hundreds of thousand of lives) produced by the vodka consumption in Russia. Vodka can also be used in cooking and various recipes are improved by the addition of vodka or rely on it as"
"Moskovskaya vodka Moskovskaya special vodka (; ) or simply Moskovskaya vodka is an early Russian brand of vodka introduced in 1894 by the Russian state vodka monopoly. Its production was stopped (along with other strong spirits) with the introduction of the World War I prohibition in Russia. The brand was restored in 1925 in the Soviet Union. Moskovskaya has been recognized by the green color of its label throughout its history. Currently its trademark is held in Russia by Soyuzplodimport and, along with a number of other Soviet legacy vodka brands has been a matter of various legal battles. In"
"the ""voivodes"" and the officials of various ""prikazes"". The term was first mentioned in the ""Sudebnik"" of 1497 and later in the statutory charters of Novgorod of Vasili III of Russia. Nowadays, usage of the term often refers to its 19th-century meaning: under the Russian state alcohol monopoly, vodka sellers in taverns were commonly called ""tselovalniks"" because they gave a cross-kissing oath not to dilute vodka supplied from state-controlled distilleries and to sell it according to the demand. Tselovalnik Tselovalnik (, literally, ""kisser"", actually ""sworn man""), was a common term for various officials in Muscovy elected by ""zemshchina"" (the population,"
"of yorsh described there included mead, however. Yorsh Yorsh (Also known as Mora Grogg) ( which means ""Ruffe"") is a Russian mixed drink consisting of beer thoroughly mixed with an ample quantity of vodka. It is traditionally drunk in a social setting, typically with a toast followed by downing a full glass of it at one go. Vodka is a neutral spirit which does not greatly alter the flavor of the beer, but does greatly increase its alcohol content. Probably the first evidence of presence of such a mix in Russian drinking culture is the Tale of Woe and Misfortune,"
"not participate in a crusade as there was no mead in the Holy Land. Also, vodka became popular, possibly among the lower classes first. There is written evidence suggesting that vodka originated in Poland. The word ""vodka"" was recorded for the first time ever in 1405 in ""Akta Grodzkie"", the court documents from the Palatinate of Sandomierz in Poland. At that time, the word wódka (vodka) referred to chemical compounds such as medicines and cosmetic cleansers, while the popular beverage was called ""gorzałka"" (from the Old Polish ""gorzeć""). Along with the Italian queen Bona Sforza (second wife of Sigismund I"
"particular, it is contested by the SPI Group. Moskovskaya vodka Moskovskaya special vodka (; ) or simply Moskovskaya vodka is an early Russian brand of vodka introduced in 1894 by the Russian state vodka monopoly. Its production was stopped (along with other strong spirits) with the introduction of the World War I prohibition in Russia. The brand was restored in 1925 in the Soviet Union. Moskovskaya has been recognized by the green color of its label throughout its history. Currently its trademark is held in Russia by Soyuzplodimport and, along with a number of other Soviet legacy vodka brands has"
"a wide margin. The song speaks of a spy in Gorky Park in Moscow, ""in a danger zone"" where everywhere is ""pitch dark"". She is being chased because she deciphered the code which everyone wants so badly, and the word is ""Vodka"". ""Vodka"" is sung in English, but starts with the word ""Na Zdarovye"", a supposedly Russian word for ""Cheers!"" toast. The song sparked comments that it was crafted to attract Eastern Europeans' votes, but the authors denied the accusations saying that the song was not even intended to enter the competition. The song title is a source of numerous"
"Ruskova Ruskova is a true Russian vodka that is distilled in the region of Nizhniy Novgorod. Ruskova is a product manufactured under 7 Mile Spirits LLC and is owned by an entrepreneur Boris Nikomarov. It was Nikomarov's vision to bring to America a brand of vodka that is truly of Russian origin and not merely American vodka slapped with a Russian looking label. The story began in 2005 when Nikomarov established 7 Mile Spirits LLC with the goal of developing a true Russian vodka using his father's recipe, which has been passed down from generation to generation. During the developmental"
"Yorsh Yorsh (Also known as Mora Grogg) ( which means ""Ruffe"") is a Russian mixed drink consisting of beer thoroughly mixed with an ample quantity of vodka. It is traditionally drunk in a social setting, typically with a toast followed by downing a full glass of it at one go. Vodka is a neutral spirit which does not greatly alter the flavor of the beer, but does greatly increase its alcohol content. Probably the first evidence of presence of such a mix in Russian drinking culture is the Tale of Woe and Misfortune, an anonymous 17th century-poem. The early version"
"consumed in Russia. This level has fluctuated somewhat during the 20th century, but remained quite high at all times. The most recent estimates put it at 70% (2001). Today, some popular Russian vodka producers or brands are (amongst others) Stolichnaya and Russian Standard. During the late 1970s, Russian culinary author William Pokhlebkin compiled a history of the production of vodka in Russia, as part of the Soviet case in a trade dispute; this was later published as ""A History of Vodka"". Pokhlebkin claimed that while there is a wealth of publications about the history of consumption and distribution of vodka,"
"Volodya (and variants with diminutive suffixes]: Volodka, Volodyen'ka, etc.), Vova (and diminituves: Vovka, Vovochka, etc.), Vovchik, Vovan. In West and South Slavic countries, other short versions are used: e.g., Vladi, Vlado, Vladko, Vlatko, Vlajko, Vladik, Wladik, Wladek, Wlodik and Wlodek. Vladimir (name) Vladimir () is a male Slavic given name of Old Slavic origin, now widespread throughout all Slavic nations (in different spellings). The Old Russian form of the name is Володимѣръ ""Volodiměr"", the Old Church Slavonic one ""Vladiměr"". According to Max Vasmer, the name is composed of Slavic владь ""vladĭ"" ""power"" and ""*mēri"" ""great"" (related to Gothic element ""mērs"","
"its chief international rival Stolichnaya. At that time, Stolichnaya was distilled in Russia but bottled in Latvia. Stolichnaya distributor, Pernod Ricard, responded by insisting that Stolichnaya is an authentic Russian vodka, as nothing is added or removed during the bottling. In a 2006 overview of Russian premium vodkas for ""Vanity Fair"", the ""Imperia"" product stood alone with a top A+ grade. Production of the Russian Standard Original is based on a four-tier protocol: Higher-end products add more purification steps. Winter grain from Russian steppes are milled and fermented. The raw spirit is distilled four times for the ""Original"", six times"