"eight male, and two juvenile interments. Grave goods were more costly than in Circle B. The presence of engraved and inlaid swords and daggers, with spear points and arrowheads, leave little doubt that warrior chieftains and their families were buried here. Some art objects obtained from the graves are the Silver Siege Rhyton, the Mask of Agamemnon, the Cup of Nestor, and weapons both votive and practical. Alan Wace divided the nine tholos tombs of Mycenae into three groups of three, each based on architecture. His earliest – the Cyclopean Tomb, Epano Phournos, and the Tomb of Aegisthus – are"
"Agamemnon (Seneca) Agamemnon is a ""fabula crepidata"" (Roman tragedy with Greek subject) of c. 1012 lines of verse written by Lucius Annaeus Seneca in the first century AD, which tells the story of Agamemnon, who was killed by his wife Clytemnestra in his palace after his return from Troy. The scene is laid partly inside and partly outside the palace of Agamemnon at Argos or Mycenae, on the day of the return of the king from his long absence at Troy, beginning in the period of darkness just preceding the dawn. The blood-feud between Atreus and Thyestes was not ended"
"to murder. In Richard Strauss's and Hugo von Hofmannsthal's opera, ""Elektra"" his voice is ""a decidedly high-pitched tenor, punctuated by irrational upward leaps, that rises to high pitched squeals during his death colloquy with Elektra."" In the first production he was depicted as ""an epicene...with long curly locks and rouged lips, half-cringing, half-posturing seductively."" An ancient tomb in Mycenae is fancifully known as the 'Tomb of Aigisthus'. It dates from around 1470 BC. Aegisthus Aegisthus (; ; also transliterated as Aigisthos, ) was a figure in Greek mythology. Aegisthus was the son of Thyestes and Thyestes' own daughter Pelopia, an"
"his bath, according to different versions. Cassandra was also killed. Agamemnon's son Orestes, who had been away, returned and conspired with his sister Electra to avenge their father. He killed Clytemnestra and Aegisthus and succeeded to his father's throne. Odysseus' ten-year journey home to Ithaca was told in Homer's ""Odyssey"". Odysseus and his men were blown far off course to lands unknown to the Achaeans; there Odysseus had many adventures, including the famous encounter with the Cyclops Polyphemus, and an audience with the seer Teiresias in Hades. On the island of Thrinacia, Odysseus' men ate the cattle sacred to the"
"and Clytemnestra then ruled Agamemnon's kingdom for a time, Aegisthus claiming his right of revenge for Agamemnon's father Atreus having fed Thyestes his own children (Thyestes then crying out ""So perish all the race of Pleisthenes!"", thus explaining Aegisthus' action as justified by his father's curse). Agamemnon's son Orestes later avenged his father's murder, with the help or encouragement of his sister Electra, by murdering Aegisthus and Clytemnestra (his own mother), thereby inciting the wrath of the Erinyes (English: the Furies), winged goddesses who tracked down wrongdoers with their hounds' noses and drove them to insanity. Athenaeus tells a tale"
"Oresteia The Oresteia () is a trilogy of Greek tragedies written by Aeschylus in the 5th century BC, concerning the murder of Agamemnon by Clytemnestra, the murder of Clytemnestra by Orestes, the trial of Orestes, the end of the curse on the House of Atreus and pacification of the Erinyes. The trilogy—consisting of ""Agamemnon"" (), ""The Libation Bearers"" (), and ""The Eumenides"" ()—also shows how the Greek gods interacted with the characters and influenced their decisions pertaining to events and disputes. The only extant example of an ancient Greek theatre trilogy, the ""Oresteia"" won first prize at the Dionysia festival"
"Pleisthenes of Mycenae Pleisthenes (), in Greek mythology, was the son of Atreus and Aerope. According to Hesiod, Pleisthenes married Cleolla, daughter of Dias, and is the father of Agamemnon, Menelaus, and Anaxibia. Aeschylus also followed this tradition when he called the Atreidai ""the race of Pleisthenes"" (τὸ Πλεισθένους γένος). According to Hyginus, Pleisthenes was raised by Atreus's brother Thyestes, accompanied Thyestes into exile, and was sent by Thyestes to kill Atreus. Not realizing that he was the young man's father, Atreus killed Pleisthenes. Agamemnon and Menelaus are commonly considered the sons of Atreus; hence they are often given the"
"see her as morally responsible for her husband's death. The theme of revenge plays a large role in the ""Oresteia"". It is easily seen as a principal motivator of the actions of almost all of the characters. It all starts in ""Agamemnon"" with Clytemnestra, who murders her husband, Agamemnon, in order to obtain vengeance for his sacrificing of their daughter, Iphigenia. The death of Cassandra, the princess of Troy, taken captive by Agamemnon in order to fill a place as a concubine, can also be seen as an act of revenge for taking another woman as well as the life"
"festival of Artemis in Hypoplacian Thebe or in Lyrnessus where she was taken as prisoner by Achilles. According to some, she was the wife of Eetion, king of Lyrnessus (usually described as the ruler of nearby Cilician Thebe) who was killed by the son of Peleus during his campaigns against the allies of Troy. In the first book of the ""Iliad"", during the distribution of the booty brought by Achilles, she was given to Agamemnon by unanimous decision in view of his kingly office. As a war prize, Agamemnon who admitted that she was finer than his own wife Clytemnestra,"
"Clitennestra Clitennestra is an opera in a prelude and two acts, was the last work by Ildebrando Pizzetti. The libretto is in Italian language. The opera play is based from ancient Greek mythology written by Aeschylus and Sophocles. It premiered at La Scala in Milan on 1 March 1965, conducted by Gianandrea Gavazzeni. On his return from the Trojan war, Agamennone was murdered by his wife Clitennestra, who claims to punish him for sacrificing their daughter Iphigenia, but in reality she killed him to be with her lover, Egisto. Seven years later, Clitennestra was killed by her son Oreste, who"
"interest by killing Polydorus before he avenges his brothers and father. Hecuba refutes this claim by stating that Greece has no interest in allying with barbarians. Agamemnon sides with Hecuba and declares Polymestor's actions to be murder. Agamemnon has his soldiers seize Polymestor. As he is being taken away, Polymestor reveals the deaths of Hecuba and Agamemnon. Polymestor In Greek mythology, Polymestor or Polymnestor () was a King of Thrace. His wife was Ilione, the eldest daughter of King Priam. Polymestor appears in Euripides' play ""Hecuba"" and in the Ovidian myth ""Hecuba, Polyxena and Polydorus"". Polymestor was also a Greek"
"and the fact that he was the rapist, Pelopia stabbed herself with her father's sword. Aegisthus then killed Atreus and restored the kingdom to Thyestes. Pelopia (daughter of Thyestes) In Greek mythology, Pelopia (or Pelopea or Pelopeia; ), less commonly known as Mnesiphae, was the daughter of Thyestes. Thyestes had been fighting with his brother, Atreus, for the throne of Mycenae for some time, as well as having an affair with Atreus' wife, Aerope. In vengeance for the affair, Atreus killed Thyestes' sons and served them to him at a banquet. Thyestes swore vengeance. An oracle then advised Thyestes that,"
"Zeus. Then, he is visited by Alcmene, the mother of Heracles by Zeus, and Heracle's wife Megara. He is also visited by Epicaste, the mother of Oedipus, and Chloris, the queen of Pylos. Odysseus is then visited by Leda, the mother of Castor and Polydeuces and Iphimedeia, mother of the Aloadae by Poseidon. Odysseus then sees a list of women whom he only briefly mentions: Phaedra, Procris, Ariadne, Maera, Clymene, and Eriphyle, all also lovers of gods or heroes. Next to visit Odysseus is Agamemnon, the king of Mycenae. Agamemnon tells Odysseus of his death by his wife, Clytemnestra and"
"Cycnus (son of Ares) In Greek mythology, Cycnus (Ancient Greek: Κύκνος means ""swan"") or Cygnus, was a bloodthirsty and cruel man who dwelt either in Pagasae, Thessaly or by the river Echedorus in Macedonia. Cycnus was the son of Ares by Pelopia or Pyrene. He married Themistonoe, daughter of King Ceyx of Trachis and possibly, Alcyone, daughter of Aeolus. Cycnus killed all of his guests until he was slain by Heracles. According to Pausanias, one of the men murdered by him was Lycus of Thrace. Pseudo-Apollodorus wrote of Cycnus the Thessalian, the son of Pelopia, and Cycnus the Macedonian, the"
"Or it is said she sued Orestes to murder of her parents. Erigone (daughter of Aegisthus) In Greek mythology, Erigone () was the daughter of Aegisthus and Clytemnestra, rulers of Mycenae. Some accounts said that by her half-brother, Orestes, Erigone was the mother of Penthilus. Erigone would have been slain by Orestes along with her brother Aletes if not for the intervention of Artemis, who rescued her and made her a priestess in Attica. In some stories, she hangs herself after the child is born, though this may be a confusion with Erigone, daughter of Icarius. Also, after Hermione died,"
"he was urged by Electra to return home and avenge his father's death. He returned home along with his friend Pylades, Strophius's son. The same myth is told differently by Sophocles and Euripides in their ""Electra"" plays. In ""The Greek Myths"" the mythographer and poet Robert Graves translates and interprets the legends and myth fragments about Clytemnestra, Agamemnon, and Orestes, as suggesting a ritual killing of a """"king"""" (Agamemnon) in very early religious ceremonies that were suppressed when patriarchy replaced the matriarchies of very ancient Greece. Graves interprets the sacrilege for which the Erinyes pursued Orestes, namely the killing of"
"the hand of Heracles. Cycnus (son of Ares) In Greek mythology, Cycnus (Ancient Greek: Κύκνος means ""swan"") or Cygnus, was a bloodthirsty and cruel man who dwelt either in Pagasae, Thessaly or by the river Echedorus in Macedonia. Cycnus was the son of Ares by Pelopia or Pyrene. He married Themistonoe, daughter of King Ceyx of Trachis and possibly, Alcyone, daughter of Aeolus. Cycnus killed all of his guests until he was slain by Heracles. According to Pausanias, one of the men murdered by him was Lycus of Thrace. Pseudo-Apollodorus wrote of Cycnus the Thessalian, the son of Pelopia, and"
"Echemus In Greek mythology, Echemus (, ""Ekhemos"") was the king of Arcadia. He succeeded Lycurgus, and married Timandra, daughter of Leda and Tyndareus of Sparta. Timandra bore him a son, Laodocus, before deserting Echemus for Phyleus, the king of Dulichium. After the death of Eurystheus, Hyllus led the Heracleidae to attack Mycenae. Echemus offered himself as the champion of the defending Arcadian forces and killed Hyllus in single combat, thus forcing the Heracleidae to withdraw. This story is mentioned by the Tegeans as an example of their people's bravery in book 9 of ""The History"" by Herodotus. Echemus was the"
"Polymestor In Greek mythology, Polymestor or Polymnestor () was a King of Thrace. His wife was Ilione, the eldest daughter of King Priam. Polymestor appears in Euripides' play ""Hecuba"" and in the Ovidian myth ""Hecuba, Polyxena and Polydorus"". Polymestor was also a Greek king of Arcadia. During the Trojan War, King Priam was frightened for his youngest son Polydorus's safety since Polydorus could not fight for himself. Priam sent the child, along with gifts of jewelry and gold, to the court of King Polymestor to keep him away from the fighting. After Troy fell, Polymestor betrayed Priam and threw Polydorus"
"killing violent criminals. In Aeschylus' ""The Oresteia"", the title character is pursued by the Furies in revenge for the murder of his mother Clytemnestra. The saga tells the story of the decimation of the line of Atreus; Clytemnestra had hacked to death her husband Agamemnon, and later slew Cassandra, who had foreseen the murders and declared: ""Drunken, drunken with blood / To make them dare the more, a reveling rout / Is in the rooms which no man shall cast out, of sister Furies."" Bacon did not seek to illustrate the narrative of the tale, however. He told the French"
"influenced by the Chorus, come up with a plan to kill both Clytemnestra and Aegisthus. Orestes then heads to the palace door where he is unexpectedly greeted by Clytemnestra. In his response to her he pretends he is a stranger and tells Clytemnestra that he (Orestes) is dead, causing her to send for Aegisthus. Unrecognized, Orestes is then able to enter the palace where he then kills Aegisthus, who was without a guard due to the intervention of the Chorus in relaying Clytemnestra's message. Clytemnestra then enters the room. Orestes hesitates to kill her, but Pylades reminds him of Apollo's"
"perform rites to the dead; a recognition took place, and they arranged how Orestes should accomplish his revenge. Orestes and his friend Pylades, son of King Strophius of Phocis and Anaxibia, killed Clytemnestra and Aegisthus (in some accounts with Electra helping). Before her death, Clytemnestra cursed Orestes. The Erinyes or Furies, whose duty it is to punish any violation of the ties of family piety, fulfill this curse with their torment. They pursue Orestes, urging him to end his life. Electra was not hounded by the Erinyes. In ""Iphigeneia in Tauris"", Euripides tells the tale somewhat differently. In his version,"
"of Amestris. Fullmetal Alchemist also referenced Xerxes as the fallen city in the middle of the great desert between Amestris and Xing. Amestris Amestris (, ""Amēstris"", perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, ""Amāstris"", from Old Persian ""Amāstrī-"", ""strong woman"") was the wife of Xerxes I of Persia, mother of Achaemenid King of Kings Artaxerxes I of Persia. She was known to have been poorly regarded by ancient Greek historians. Amestris was the daughter of Otanes, one of the seven noblemen reputed to have killed the magus who was impersonating King Bardiya in 522 BC. After this, Darius I the Great of"
"army. Mithridates VI withdrew to the citadel in Panticapaeum, where he committed suicide. Pompey buried Mithridates VI in a rock-cut tomb in either Sinope or Amasia, the capital of the Kingdom of Pontus. After the death of Mithridates VI (63 BC), Pharnaces II (63 – 47 BC) supplicated to Pompey, and then tried to regain his dominion during Julius Caesar's Civil War, but was defeated by Caesar at Zela and was later killed by his former governor and son-in-law Asander. Before the death of Pharnaces II, Asander had married Pharnaces II’s daughter Dynamis. Asander and Dynamis were the ruling monarchs"
"Erigone (daughter of Aegisthus) In Greek mythology, Erigone () was the daughter of Aegisthus and Clytemnestra, rulers of Mycenae. Some accounts said that by her half-brother, Orestes, Erigone was the mother of Penthilus. Erigone would have been slain by Orestes along with her brother Aletes if not for the intervention of Artemis, who rescued her and made her a priestess in Attica. In some stories, she hangs herself after the child is born, though this may be a confusion with Erigone, daughter of Icarius. Also, after Hermione died, she is said to have married Orestes and gave birth to Penthilus."
"possession of his father's kingdom of Mycenae (killing Aegisthus' son, Alete) to which were added Argos and Laconia. He was said to have died of a snakebite in Arcadia. His body was conveyed to Sparta for burial (where he was the object of a cult) or, according to a Roman legend, to Aricia, when it was removed to Rome (Servius on Aeneid, ii. 116). Before the Trojan War, Orestes was to marry his cousin Hermione, daughter of Menelaus and Helen. Things soon changed after Orestes committed matricide: Menelaus then gave his daughter to Neoptolemus, son of Achilles and Deidamia. According"
"and eventually marries his cousin Hermione, who lives in Sparta (he is also said to have traveled to Crimea to visit Iphigenia, who in some stories miraculously survived her father's attempt to sacrifice her to Artemis). Meanwhile, Aletes has come of age, and he assumes the throne at Mycenae. Orestes returns with troops, kills Aletes, and takes the throne. Orestes is said to have a son, Penthilus, with his half-sister Erigone, though stories differ as to whether this was by rape or if they married. Some say Erigone hanged herself. Aletes of Mycenae In Greek mythology, Aletes () was the"
"of how Agamemnon mourned the loss of his friend or lover Argynnus, when he drowned in the Cephisus river. He buried him, honored with a tomb and a shrine to Aphrodite Argynnis. This episode is also found in Clement of Alexandria, in Stephen of Byzantium ""(Kopai"" and ""Argunnos),"" and in Propertius, III with minor variations. The fortunes of Agamemnon have formed the subject of numerous tragedies, ancient and modern, the most famous being the ""Oresteia"" of Aeschylus. In the legends of the Peloponnesus, Agamemnon was regarded as the highest type of a powerful monarch, and in Sparta he was worshipped"
"her. Cf. also above for the version that made Glaucus an Argonaut himself. In Euripides' play ""Orestes"" Glaucus appeared in front of Menelaus on the latter's voyage home, announcing to him the death of his brother Agamemnon by the hand of Clytaemnestra. According to Ovid and Hyginus, Glaucus fell in love with the beautiful nymph Scylla and wanted her for his wife, but she was appalled by his fish-like features and fled onto land when he tried to approach her. He asked the witch Circe for a potion to make Scylla fall in love with him, but Circe fell in"
"Tyndareus In Greek mythology, Tyndareus (; Ancient Greek: Τυνδάρεος, ""Tundáreos""; Attic: Τυνδάρεως, ""Tundáreōs""; ) was a Spartan king. Tyndareus was the son of Oebalus (or Perieres) and Gorgophone (or Bateia). He married the Aetolian princess, Leda by whom he became the father of Castor, Clytemnestra, Timandra, Phoebe and Philonoe, and the stepfather of Helen of Troy and Pollux. Tyndareus had a brother named Hippocoon, who seized power and exiled Tyndareus. He was reinstated by Heracles, who killed Hippocoon and his sons. Tyndareus’ other brother was Icarius, the father of Penelope. Tyndareus’ wife Leda was seduced by Zeus, who disguised himself"
"Amestris Amestris (, ""Amēstris"", perhaps the same as Άμαστρις, ""Amāstris"", from Old Persian ""Amāstrī-"", ""strong woman"") was the wife of Xerxes I of Persia, mother of Achaemenid King of Kings Artaxerxes I of Persia. She was known to have been poorly regarded by ancient Greek historians. Amestris was the daughter of Otanes, one of the seven noblemen reputed to have killed the magus who was impersonating King Bardiya in 522 BC. After this, Darius I the Great of Persia assumed the throne. According to Herodotus, Otanes was honoured with royal marriages. Darius I married Otanes' daughter Phaedymia while Otanes married"
"also Tyndareus’ daughter, Clytemnestra, but according to other accounts he had died prior to the Trojan War. In some versions of the myth, Tyndareus was one of the dead men resurrected by Asclepius to live again. Tyndareus In Greek mythology, Tyndareus (; Ancient Greek: Τυνδάρεος, ""Tundáreos""; Attic: Τυνδάρεως, ""Tundáreōs""; ) was a Spartan king. Tyndareus was the son of Oebalus (or Perieres) and Gorgophone (or Bateia). He married the Aetolian princess, Leda by whom he became the father of Castor, Clytemnestra, Timandra, Phoebe and Philonoe, and the stepfather of Helen of Troy and Pollux. Tyndareus had a brother named Hippocoon,"
"Iphinoe were Evippus, Timalcus, and Evaechme; he also had a son Hippomenes by Merope. With the aid of the god Apollo, Alcathous killed the Cithaeronian lion, for which Megareus gave him his daughter Euaechme as wife. He subsequently made Alcathous his successor, because his own sons did not outlive him: Evippus was killed by the lion, and Timalcus was slain by Theseus, having joined the Dioscuri in the campaign against him. Megareus of Onchestus In Greek mythology, Megareus (Ancient Greek: Μεγαρέα) was king of Onchestus in Boeotia. Megareus was either son of Poseidon and Oenope, daughter of Epopeus, or of"