"invasions mainly targeted the most productive central region of the Punjab known as the Majha region, which is also the bedrock of Punjabi culture and traditions. The Punjab region is often referred to as the breadbasket in both India and Pakistan. The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu, the Vedic land of the seven rivers flowing into the ocean. The Sanskrit name for the region, as mentioned in the Ramayana and Mahabharata for example, was ""Panchanada"" which means ""Land of the Five Rivers"", and was translated to Persian as ""Punjab"" after the Muslim conquests. The later name of the region,"
"Punjab The Punjab (, , , ), also spelled Panjab (from Persian ""panj"", ""five"" + ""āb"", ""water"" or ""river"", thus ""land of ""five rivers""""; Punjabi: ), is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India. The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts. Until the Partition of Punjab in 1947, the British Punjab Province encompassed the present-day Indian states and union territories of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Delhi; and the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Islamabad"
"Punjabis The Punjabis (Punjabi: , ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) or Punjabi people are an ethnic group associated with the Punjab region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, presently divided between Punjab, India and Punjab, Pakistan. They speak Punjabi, a language from the Indo-Aryan language family. The name Punjab literally means the ""land of five waters"" in Persian: panj (""five"") āb (""waters""). The name of the region was introduced by the Turko-Persian conquerors of the Indian subcontinent. The historical Punjab region (see the partition of Punjab for important historical context) is often referred to as the breadbasket in"
"the provincial capital is Lahore. The name Punjab literally translates from Persian into the words 'Panj' (پانج) five, and 'Aab' (آب) water respectively, which can be translated as ""five water"" (hence the poetic name land of the five rivers), referring to the Beas, Ravi, Sutlej, Chenab and Jhelum rivers. Part of the Indus river also lies in Punjab, but it is not considered one of the ""five"" rivers. There are 48 departments in Punjab government. Each Department is headed by a provincial Minister (elected member of the provincial assembly) and a provincial Secretary (a civil servant of usually BPS-20 or"
"""Punjab"", is a compound of two Persian words, ""Panj"" (five) and ""āb"" (water), introduced to the region by the Turko-Persian conquerors of India, and more formally popularised during the Mughal Empire. Punjab thus means ""The Land of Five Waters"", referring to the rivers Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas. All are tributaries of the Indus River, the Chenab being the largest. There are two main definitions of the Punjab region: the 1947 definition and the older 1846–1849 definition. A third definition incorporates both the 1947 and the older definitions but also includes northern Rajasthan on a linguistic basis and ancient"
"of the seven rivers flowing into the ocean. The Sanskrit name for the region, as mentioned in the Ramayana and Mahabharata for example, was ""Panchanada"" which means ""Land of the Five Rivers"", and was translated to Persian as ""Punjab"" after the Muslim conquests. The word ""Punjab"" is a compound of the Persian words ""panj"" (five) and ""āb"" (waters). Thus ""Panjāb"" roughly means ""the land of five rivers"". The five rivers are the Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Chenab and Jehlum (also spelled Jhelum). Traditionally, in English, there used to be a definite article before the name, i.e. ""The Punjab"". The name is"
"Punjab Province (British India) Punjab, also spelled Panjab, was a province of British India. Most of the Punjab region was annexed by the East India Company in 1849, and was one of the last areas of the Indian subcontinent to fall under British control. It comprised five administrative divisions, Delhi, Jullundur, Lahore, Multan and Rawalpindi and a number of princely states. In 1947, the partition of India led to the province being divided into East Punjab and West Punjab, in the newly created Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan respectively. The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu, the Vedic"
"land of the seven rivers flowing into the ocean. The Sanskrit name for the region, as mentioned in the Ramayana and Mahabharata for example, was ""Panchanada"" which means ""Land of the Five Rivers"", and was translated to Persian as ""Punjab"" after the Muslim conquests. The later name ""Punjab"" is a compound of two Persian words Panj (five) and āb (water) and was introduced to the region by the Turko-Persian conquerors of India and more formally popularised during the Mughal Empire. Punjab literally means """"(The Land of) Five Waters"""" referring to the rivers: Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas. All are"
"Punjabi culture The culture of the Punjab encompasses the spoken language, written literature, cuisine, science, technology, military warfare, architecture, traditions, values and history of the Punjabi people native to the Indian subcontinent. The term 'Punjabi' can mean both a person who lives in Punjab and also a speaker of the Punjabi language. This name originates from the Persian language 'panj', (five), and 'ab', (water). Combined together the word becomes Panjab or Punjab: land of the five rivers. Indus River (the largest river in this five river system), and the five other rivers to the south eventually join Indus or merge"
"""The Bread Basket of India"", Indian Punjab produces 1% of the world's rice, 2% of its wheat, and 2% of its cotton. In 2001, it was recorded that farmers made up 39% of Indian Punjab's workforce. Punjab The Punjab (, , , ), also spelled Panjab (from Persian ""panj"", ""five"" + ""āb"", ""water"" or ""river"", thus ""land of ""five rivers""""; Punjabi: ), is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India. The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical"
"e Fluviis"" meaning, ""Let it grow from the rivers"" was the Latin motto used in the Coat of arms for Punjab Province. As per the book ""History of the Sikhs"" written by Khushwant Singh, it means Strength from the Rivers. Punjab Province (British India) Punjab, also spelled Panjab, was a province of British India. Most of the Punjab region was annexed by the East India Company in 1849, and was one of the last areas of the Indian subcontinent to fall under British control. It comprised five administrative divisions, Delhi, Jullundur, Lahore, Multan and Rawalpindi and a number of princely"
"in Punjab. The homelands of Punjabi Muslims are mainly concentrated in the Pakistani province of Punjab. They have a worldwide diaspora, with significant communities in North America and the United Kingdom, and large expatriate populations in the Middle East. Punjab literally means the land of five waters (Persian: panj (""five"") āb (""waters"")). Punjab is often referred to as the breadbasket in both Pakistan and India. The coalescence of the various tribes, castes and the inhabitants of the Punjab into a broader common ""Punjabi"" identity initiated from the onset of the 18th century CE. Prior to that the sense and perception"
"History of Punjab The History of Punjab is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions of South Asia, Central Asia and West Asia. Historically known as Sapta Sindhu, or the ""Land of Seven Rivers"", the name Punjab was given by later Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent. Ancient Punjab region was the primary geographical extent of the Indus Valley Civilisation, which was notable for advanced technologies and amenities that the people of the region had used. The region was historically a Hindu-Buddhist region, known for its high activity of scholarship, technology, and arts. Intermittent"
"America and Europe, and most of the Sikh fringe separatist movements were based in Pakistan. History of Punjab The History of Punjab is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions of South Asia, Central Asia and West Asia. Historically known as Sapta Sindhu, or the ""Land of Seven Rivers"", the name Punjab was given by later Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent. Ancient Punjab region was the primary geographical extent of the Indus Valley Civilisation, which was notable for advanced technologies and amenities that the people of the region had used. The region was"
"river movements. The 1947 definition defines the Punjab region with reference to the dissolution of British India whereby the then British Punjab Province was partitioned between India and Pakistan. In Pakistan, the region now includes the Punjab province and Islamabad Capital Territory. In India, it includes the Punjab state, Chandigarh, Haryana, and Himachal Pradesh. Using the 1947 definition, the Punjab borders the Balochistan and Pashtunistan regions to the west, Kashmir to the north, the Hindi Belt to the east, and Rajasthan and Sindh to the south. Accordingly, the Punjab region is very diverse and stretches from the hills of the"
"Punjabi ghagra. The patiala salwar is also very popular. Punjabis celebrate cultural, seasonal and religious festivals, which include Maghi, Mela Chiraghan in Lahore, Lohri, Holi, Baisakhi, Teeyan, Diwali, Dussehra, and Guru Nanak Jayant. Punjabi culture The culture of the Punjab encompasses the spoken language, written literature, cuisine, science, technology, military warfare, architecture, traditions, values and history of the Punjabi people native to the Indian subcontinent. The term 'Punjabi' can mean both a person who lives in Punjab and also a speaker of the Punjabi language. This name originates from the Persian language 'panj', (five), and 'ab', (water). Combined together the"
"Punjab, Pakistan Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: , ""panj-āb"", ""five waters"": ) is Pakistan's second largest province by area, after Balochistan, and its most populous province, with an estimated population of 110,012,442 as of 2017. Forming part of the larger Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, it is bordered by the Pakistan provinces of Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the enclave of Islamabad, and Azad Kashmir. It also shares borders with the Indian states of Punjab, Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir. The provincial capital of Punjab is the city Lahore, a cultural, historical, economic and cosmopolitan centre of Pakistan where the country's"
"the linguistically correct and meaningful name. Etymology of Pakistan The name Pakistan ( or ; ) means ""Land of (the) Spiritually Pure"" in both Urdu and Persian languages. Many South-central Asian states and regions end with the element -""stan,"" such as ""Afghanistan,"" ""PAKISTAN,"" ""Baluchistan,"" ""Kurdistan,"" and ""Turkistan."" This -""stan"" is formed from the Iranian root *STA ""to stand, stay,"" and means ""place (where one stays), home, country"". Iranian peoples have been the principal inhabitants of the various geographical region of the Ancient Persian Empires now occupied by the states for over a thousand years. The names are compounds of -""stan"""
"in meaning to the Sanskrit and Greek name for the region. The five rivers, namely Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej, flow via the Panjnad River into the Indus River and eventually into the Arabian Sea. Of the five great rivers of Punjab, four course through Pakistan's Punjab province. Due to its location, the Punjab region came under constant attack and witnessed centuries of foreign invasions by the Persians, Greeks, Kushans, Scythians, Turks and Afghans. The northwestern part of South Asia, including Punjab, was repeatedly invaded or conquered by various foreign empires, including those of Tamerlane, Alexander the Great, and"
"Capital Territory. It bordered the Balochistan and Pashtunistan regions to the west, Kashmir to the north, the Hindi Belt to the east, and Rajasthan and Sindh to the south. The people of the Punjab today are called Punjabis, and their principal language is Punjabi. The main religions of the Punjab region are Islam, Sikhism, and Hinduism. Other religious groups are Christianity, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Ravidassia. The Punjab region has been inhabited by the Indus Valley Civilisation, Indo-Aryan peoples, and Indo-Scythians, and has seen numerous invasions by the Persians, Greeks, Kushans, Ghaznavids, Timurids, Mughals, Pashtuns, British, and others. Historic foreign"
"Etymology of Pakistan The name Pakistan ( or ; ) means ""Land of (the) Spiritually Pure"" in both Urdu and Persian languages. Many South-central Asian states and regions end with the element -""stan,"" such as ""Afghanistan,"" ""PAKISTAN,"" ""Baluchistan,"" ""Kurdistan,"" and ""Turkistan."" This -""stan"" is formed from the Iranian root *STA ""to stand, stay,"" and means ""place (where one stays), home, country"". Iranian peoples have been the principal inhabitants of the various geographical region of the Ancient Persian Empires now occupied by the states for over a thousand years. The names are compounds of -""stan"" and the name of the peoples"
"The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu, the Vedic land of the seven rivers flowing into the ocean. The Sanskrit name for the region, as mentioned in the Ramayana and Mahabharata for example, was ""Panchanada"" which means ""Land of the Five Rivers"", and was translated to Persian as ""Punjab"" after the Muslim conquests. The region was known to the Greeks as ""Pentapotamia"", meaning the region of five rivers. The word ""Punjab"" was formally introduced in the early 17th century CE as an elision of the Persian words ""panj"" (""five"") and ""āb"" (""water""), thus meaning the (land of) ""five rivers"", similar"
"Punjabi is the most widely spoken and official language of the state. The main ethnic group are the Punjabis, with Sikhs (57.7%) forming the demographic majority, followed by Hindus (38.5%). The state capital is Chandigarh, a Union Territory and also the capital of the neighboring state of Haryana. The five rivers from which the region took its name were Sutlej, Ravi, Beas, Chenab and Jhelum; Sutlej, Ravi and Beas are part of the Indian Punjab. The Punjab region was home to the Indus Valley Civilization until 1900 BCE. The Punjab was conquered by Alexander the Great in 330 BCE and"
"also sometimes spelled as ""Panjab"". The Greeks called Punjab a ""pentapotamia"", an inland delta of five converging rivers; the name ""Punjab"" was given to the region by the Central Asian Turkic conquerors of India, and popularised by the Turco-Mongol Mughals. During the period when the epic ""Mahabharata"" was written, around 800–400 BCE, Punjab was known as Trigarta and ruled by Katoch kings. The Indus Valley Civilization spanned much of the Punjab region with cities such as Ropar. The Vedic Civilization spread along the length of the Sarasvati River to cover most of northern India including Punjab. This civilisation shaped subsequent"
"of a common ""Punjabi"" ethno-cultural identity and community did not exist, even though the majority of the various communities of the Punjab had long shared linguistic, cultural and racial commonalities. Punjab during Mahabharata times was known as Panchanada. Punjab was part of the Indus Valley Civilization, more than 5000 years old. The main site in Punjab was the city of Harrapa. The Indus Valley Civilization spanned much of what is today Pakistan and eventually evolved into the Indo-Aryan civilization. The arrival of the Indo-Aryans led to the flourishing of the Vedic civilization along the length of the Indus River. This"
"Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the Punjab region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh invaded and occupied Gujrat District. During the period of British rule, Gujrat District increased in population and importance. The actual name of that town was Deen Gha (hub of Islamic education) but with the interval of time during the British empire its name became Dinga. Many people say that the name of this city called on a Gurjar family,"
"East Punjab East Punjab (known simply as Punjab from 1950) was a province and later a state of India from 1947 until 1966, consisting of the parts of the Punjab Province of British India that went to India following the partition of the province between India and Pakistan by the Radcliffe Commission in 1947. The mostly Muslim western parts of the old Punjab became Pakistan's West Punjab, later renamed as Punjab Province, while the mostly Hindu and Sikh eastern parts went to India. With the partition of the British Indian Empire, the Punjab province was to be divided in two"
"Tourism in Punjab, India The state of Punjab is renowned for its cuisine, culture and history. Punjab has a vast public transportation and communication network. Some of the main cities in Punjab are Amritsar, Jalandhar, Patiala, Pathankot and Ludhiana. is known for the combines made here while Patiala is known for the historical forts. Punjab also has a rich Sikh religious history. Wagah (Punjabi (Gurmukhi): ਵਾਹਗਾ, Hindi: वाघा, Urdu: واہگہ) is a village situated near a road border crossing, goods transit terminal and a railway station between Pakistan and India,[1] and lies on the Grand Trunk Road between the cities"
"Rechna Doab The Rechna Doab, or Rachna Doab (in Pakistan), can be classified as one of the main regions of Punjab. Punjab historically has been divided into regions based on its various rivers, since the name Punjab is based on its five main rivers. The Rechna includes all the area between the Chenab and Ravi Rivers, all the way from the Jammu Division of the Jammu and Kashmir state in India till their confluence in Punjab, Pakistan. It lies between 30° 35' and 32° 50' N. and 71° 50' and 75° 3'E. The name was formed by the Mughal emperor"
"Sarhad (), derived from the province's Urdu name, which means ""frontier"". Pakhtunkhwa, Pakhtoonkhwa, Pukhtunkhwa or Pashtunkhwa () has often been the name used by the Pashtun people for the Pashtunized and Pashtun-dominated areas of Pakistan. More recently it was used by Pashtun nationalists in Pakistan as the name by which they wanted to rename the former North-West Frontier Province (NWFP), where they are the ethnic majority. ""Pakhtunkhwa"" (and the other transliteration variants) is derived from ""Pakhtun"" and ""khwa"", the former refers to the ethnic group and the latter literally means ""heart"". Metaphorically, it is used to indicate ""near the Pakhtuns"
"and West Punjab are also often used in modern India and Pakistan when making a comparison between the two territories. There are 22 districts in the State of Punjab. East Punjab East Punjab (known simply as Punjab from 1950) was a province and later a state of India from 1947 until 1966, consisting of the parts of the Punjab Province of British India that went to India following the partition of the province between India and Pakistan by the Radcliffe Commission in 1947. The mostly Muslim western parts of the old Punjab became Pakistan's West Punjab, later renamed as Punjab"
"Punjab migrated from Kashmir and Jammu during the 1878 famine, and are Brahmin Hindu converts to Islam. A large number of such Muslim Kashmiris migrated to the Punjab in the late 19th century due to natural disasters and oppression at the hands of the Rajput Dogra Hindu rulers of Kashmir. Bhat Bhat (, ), also spelled as Butt (), both of which are a shortened rendition of Bhatta, also spelled Bhatt, (, ), is a common surname in India and Pakistan. Historians state the surname is a distorted form of ""Bhatta"", which originates from Sanskrit (भटट), meaning ""scholar"" according to"
"a Hindu-Sikh majority area that would go to the secular state of India, and a Muslim majority area that would go to the Islamic state of Pakistan to prevent conflict. Punjab in ancient times was known as the ""Sapt-Sindhava"", or ""land of the seven rivers"". The name ""Punjab"" was given by later Islamic invaders. The aforementioned seven rivers were the Vitsta and Vitamasa (Jhelum), Asikni (Chenab), Parusni and Iravati (Ravi), Vipasa (Beas), and the Satudri (Sutlej). It is believed by most scholars that the earliest trace of human habitation in India traces to the Soan valley between the Indus and"