"Coins of Lundy The coins of Lundy are two unofficial issues of currency from the island of Lundy, in the Bristol Channel off the west coast of England. In 1969 Jack Hayward, a British millionaire, purchased the island for £150,000 and gave it to the British people. The first issue was issued in 1929 by the self-declared 'King of Lundy', Martin Coles Harman, who was an English businessman, born 1885, Steyning, Sussex, who bought Lundy in 1925. There were two coins – the Half Puffin and the One Puffin, which were rated at the same nominal value as the British"
"as do razorbill (""Alca torda""), guillemot (""Uria aalge""), herring gull (""Larus argentatus""), lesser black-backed gull (""Larus fuscus""), fulmar (""Fulmarus glacialis""), shag (""Phalacrocorax aristotelis""), oystercatcher (""Haematopus ostralegus""), skylark (""Alauda arvensis""), meadow pipit (""Anthus pratensis""), common blackbird (""Turdus merula""), robin (""Erithacus rubecula"") and linnet (""Carduelis cannabina""). There are also smaller populations of peregrine falcon (""Falco peregrinus"") and raven (""Corvus corax""). Lundy has attracted many vagrant birds, in particular species from North America. The island's bird list totals 317 species. This has included the following species, each of which represents the sole British record: Ancient murrelet, eastern phoebe and eastern towhee. Records of"
"gull, bridled tern, Pallas's sandgrouse, great spotted, black-billed and yellow-billed (3 records) cuckoos, European roller, olive-backed pipit, citrine wagtail, Alpine accentor, thrush nightingale, red-flanked bluetail, black-eared (2 records) and desert wheatears, White's, Swainson's (3 records), and grey-cheeked (2 records) thrushes, Sardinian (2 records), Arctic (3 records), Radde's and western Bonelli's warblers, Isabelline and lesser grey shrikes, red-eyed vireo (7 records), two-barred crossbill, yellow-rumped and blackpoll warblers, yellow-breasted (2 records) and black-headed (3 records) buntings, rose-breasted grosbeak (2 records), bobolink and Baltimore oriole (2 records). Lundy is home to an unusual range of mammals, almost all introduced, including a distinct breed"
"puffins can be caught in a single morning. The name of the English island Lundy is believed to come from the old Norse word for ""puffin island"" (Lundey), however an alternative explanation has been suggested with Lund referring to a copse, or wooded area. The Atlantic puffin is the provincial bird of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Puffin Puffins are any of three small species of alcids (auks) in the bird genus ""Fratercula"" with a brightly coloured beak during the breeding season. These are pelagic seabirds that feed primarily by diving in the water. They breed in large"
"of wild pony, the Lundy pony. Until recently, Lundy and the Shiant Isles in the Hebrides were the only two places in the UK where the black rat (""Rattus rattus"") could be found regularly. In the rest of the United Kingdom they have largely been replaced by brown rats except for occasional sightings in port towns and the Thames Estuary. It has since been eradicated on the island, in order to protect the nesting seabirds. Other species which have made the island their home include the grey seal (""Halichoerus grypus""), Sika deer (""Cervus nippon""), pygmy shrew (""Sorex minutus"") and feral"
"fascinated by their behaviour. The Norwegian municipality of Værøy has an Atlantic puffin as its civic emblem. Puffins are viewed with affection because they are colourful and full of character. They have been given a number of endearing names including ""clowns of the sea"" and ""sea parrots"", and juvenile puffins may be called ""pufflings"". A number of islands have been named after the bird. The island of Lundy in the United Kingdom is reputed to derive its name from the Norse ""lund-ey"" or ""puffin island"". An alternative explanation has been suggested connected with another meaning of the word ""lund"" referring"
"recorded. It should not be confused with the non-existent Sandy Island, which many maps show as being between Queensland and New Caledonia. The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports a high proportion of the nesting population of flesh-footed shearwaters (with up to 300,000 breeding pairs) and has supported relatively high numbers of breeding fairy terns. Other birds recorded breeding on the island are little shearwaters, sooty oystercatchers and silver gulls. Sandy Island (Windy Harbour) Sandy Island is a 20 ha island lying about 5 km off the coast of Windy"
"the island, and two others – Christmas shearwater and red-footed booby – that still visit but no longer nest. It is hypothesized that the Polynesian settlers may have driven these bird species, along with six terrestrial snail species, to local extinction, and this loss of a ready and regular food supply may have contributed to the Polynesians' subsequent disappearance. The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area for its endemic landbirds and breeding seabirds. The invertebrate species are largely unknown but a third of the island's known non-marine gastropods and insects are endemic. There are"
"Psylliodes luridipennis Psylliodes luridipennis, commonly known as the Lundy cabbage flea beetle or the bronze Lundy cabbage flea beetle, is a species of flea beetle endemic to the island of Lundy, where it lives and feeds upon the endemic Lundy cabbage (""Coincya wrightii""). Along with the true weevil ""Ceutorhynchus contractus"" var. ""pallipes"" and an undescribed race of flea beetle ""Psylliodes napi"", it is known only from the Lundy cabbage. The species was first recorded by Thomas Vernon Wollaston in the 1840s, and was named by the Austrian entomologist Franz Kutschera in 1864. Adult Lundy cabbage flea beetle measure around in"
"Lundy pony The Lundy Pony is a breed of pony first developed on Lundy Island in England. The breed originated in 1928, when the owner of the island, Martin Coles Harman, introduced 34 New Forest pony mares, eight foals, and a Welsh Mountain B strawberry roan stallion. Diana Keast, his daughter, explained why he chose to cross these breeds: “He wanted ponies with a bit of style and height. Dartmoor and Exmoor ponies were nearer and more convenient - after all he had to charter a special train to bring the ponies from Lyndhurst - but they wouldn’t have had"
"off Greenly Island. The tammar wallaby was introduced to Greenly Island (south) in 1905 to provide food for stranded sailors. Their impact on the vegetation is obvious in the marked difference between the north and south islands. Both northern and southern islands support high density populations of bush rats. Birds recorded on Greenly Island include the Cape Barren goose, white-faced heron, ruddy turnstone, Australian raven, Australian kestrel, white-bellied sea eagle, sooty oystercatcher, welcome swallow, silver gull, Pacific gull, rock parrot, little grassbird, red-capped robin, great cormorant, short-tailed shearwater, crested tern, fairy tern, silvereye and little penguin. Reptiles recorded on Greenly"
"Island include the bull skink (""Egernia multiscutata"") and four-toed earless skink (""Hemiergis peronii""), southern four-toed slider (""Lerista dorsalis""), dwarf skink (""Menetia greyii""), Mallee snakeeye (""Morethia obscura"") and marbled gecko (""Phyllodactylus marmoratus""). The first fauna study of Greenly Island was conducted in 1948 and described the little penguins as ""innumerable"". In 2004, the little penguin colony's population was estimated at 1,500 breeding birds. Greenly Island first obtained protected area status as a fauna conservation reserve declared under the ""Crown Lands Act 1929-1966"" on 16 March 1967 . The fauna conservation reserve was reconstituted as the Greenly Island Conservation Park under the"
"the frequently mist-covered tops of their cliffs and were referred to as ""Cloudy Isles"" by James Cook in 1776. The Îles Nuageuses, including Île Clugny, have been identified as a 240 km Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International. At least 25 bird species breed on the islands. Penguins include 7500 pairs of gentoos, 35,000 pairs of northern rockhoppers and up to 50,000 pairs of macaronis. Of albatrosses, there are 1800 pairs of black-browed, 7800 pairs of grey-headed, 50 pairs of Indian yellow-nosed, about five pairs of wandering and some light-mantled albatrosses. Other birds breeding on the islands include Antarctic"
"goats (""Capra aegagrus hircus""). Unusually, 20% of the rabbits (""Leporidae"") on the island are melanistic compared with 4% which is typical in the UK. In mid-2006 the rabbit population was devastated by myxomatosis, leaving only 60 pairs from the previous 15–20,000 individuals. Soay sheep (""Ovis aries"") on the island have been shown to vary their behaviours according to nutritional requirements, the distribution of food and the risk of predation. In 1971 a proposal was made by the Lundy Field Society to establish a marine reserve, and the survey was led by Dr Keith Hiscock, supported by a team of students"
"longer collected on the main island. In 1882 the American schooner ""Henry B. Paul"" was wrecked on the beach at Sandy Point, and black rats came ashore. Within three years they had spread to the entire island, devastating the native birdlife as well as islanders' crops. In 1956 a number of Gough moorhens were reportedly released at Sandy Point, and have subsequently colonised the island. These ""island cocks"" are closely related to the extinct Tristan moorhen, and are believed by the Tristanians to eat the eggs of the Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross. In June 2006 islanders were fishing offshore at Sandy"
"were introduced to the island in the 18th century, but it may have survived until the introduction of feral cats in 1815. The bird was regarded by Storrs Olson as a relative of ""Atlantisia rogersi"", but recent analysis (Bourne et al., 2003) has shown that the differences between the two are greater than previously appreciated. The new genus ""Mundia"" (named after the discoverer Peter Mundy) was created in 2003. Ascension crake The Ascension crake (""Mundia elpenor"") is an extinct flightless bird that previously lived on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean. It was declared extinct by Groombridge in 1994;"
"island leading to the production of unique species. Coincya wrightii Coincya wrightii, known as Lundy cabbage, is a species of primitive brassicoid, endemic to the island of Lundy off the southwestern coast of England, where it is sufficiently isolated to have formed its own species, with its endemic insect pollinators. ""Coincya wrightii"" grows natively only on the eastern cliffs and slopes of the island and nowhere else in the world and is a protected species. It reaches up to a metre in height and with its yellow flowers (seen from May to August) it looks a little similar to oil"
"Coincya wrightii Coincya wrightii, known as Lundy cabbage, is a species of primitive brassicoid, endemic to the island of Lundy off the southwestern coast of England, where it is sufficiently isolated to have formed its own species, with its endemic insect pollinators. ""Coincya wrightii"" grows natively only on the eastern cliffs and slopes of the island and nowhere else in the world and is a protected species. It reaches up to a metre in height and with its yellow flowers (seen from May to August) it looks a little similar to oil seed rape. Although it is a member of"
"species of birds, fish and reptiles. In the lagoon, sparse living coral still can be found; the dominant species is ""Montipora bilaminata"" (family Acroporidae). Most of the coral in the lagoon is dead, presumed to have been killed by influxes of cold water. Though no terrestrial birds are found on the atoll, Ducie Island is known for the seabirds that breed there. Birds that have been recorded nesting on the atoll include the red-billed tropicbird, red-tailed tropicbird, fairy tern, great frigatebird, bristle-thighed curlew, masked booby and red-footed booby. A number of gull species, including the sooty tern, blue noddy, brown"
"a rich variety of species. Several birds of prey exist in South Bruny National Park, including the white-bellied sea eagle (""haliaeetus leucogaster""), the wedge-tailed eagle (""Aquila audax fleayi"") and the grey goshawk (""Accipiter novaehollandiae""). The goshawk is endangered and very rare, and is found on Partridge Island, part of the South Bruny National Park. Also on Partridge island is a breeding penguin colony, the island provides a secluded refuge and ideal habitat for the flightless bird. Nearby Green Island provides the ideal conditions for the kelp gull (""Larus dominicanus"") and is an important breeding ground of which there are very"
"lapponica baueri""), grey-tailed tattler (""Tringa brevipes""), ruddy turnstone (""Arenaria interpres interpres""), red-necked stint (""Calidris ruficollis"") and curlew sandpiper (""Calidris ferruginea""). Other observed visitors include the great cormorant (""Phalacrocorax carbo novaehollandiae""), nankeen kestrel (""Falco cenchroides cenchroides""), banded lapwing (""Vanellus tricolor""), greater sand plover (""Charadrius leschenaultii""), whimbrel (""Numenius phaeopus variegatus""), greenshank (""Tringa nebularia""), sanderling (""Calidris alba""), willie wagtail (""Rhipidura leucophrys leucophrys"") and brown songlark (""Cincloramphus cruralis""). North Island is part of the Houtman Abrolhos Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance for supporting large numbers of breeding seabirds. The entire Houtman Abrolhos is protected by an"
"record of a colony on the island of Lundy from 1274. There were only 70 nests by 1871, and the colony finally disappeared by 1909 at the latest. More than two-thirds of the world population breeds around the coasts of the British Isles. Colonies include: After the breeding season, adult northern gannets disperse over a wide area although they travel no more than from the breeding colony. It is not known if all birds from one colony migrate to the same over-wintering area. Many adults migrate to the west of the Mediterranean, passing over the Strait of Gibraltar and flying"
"Loch of Grimsetter in the east, and the Loch of Brough. Bressay has a large number of migrant birds, especially in the east. The Loch of Grimsetter is a haven for waders and whooper swans. In the far south, there is a colony of Arctic skuas. The name of the island may have been recorded in 1263 as 'Breiðoy' (Old Norse ""broad island""). In a 1490 document the island is referred to as ""Brwsøy"" - ""Brusi's island"" which name may indicate it was the 11th century base for Earl of Orkney Brusi Sigurdsson. This possibility is supported by a later"
"sooty terns. Malden is an important breeding island for about a dozen species including masked boobies (""Sula dactylatra""), red-footed booby (""Sula sula""), tropicbirds (""Phaethontidae""), great frigatebird (""Fregata minor""), lesser frigatebird (""Fregata ariel""), grey-backed tern (""Onychoprion lunata""), red-tailed tropicbird (""Phaethon rubricauda""), sooty terns (""sterna fuscata"") It is also an important winter-stop for the bristle-thighed curlew (""Numenius tahitiensis""), a migrant from Alaska; and other migratory seabirds (nineteen species in all). Two kinds of lizards, the mourning gecko (""Lepidodactylus lugubris"") and snake-eyed skink (""Cryptoblepharus boutonii"") are present on Malden, together with brown libellulid dragonfly. Cats, pigs, goats and house mice were introduced to"
"northwestern direction; the northernmost five acres now lie within the boundaries of Connecticut, with the remaining thirty acres still in Rhode Island. Following the Avalonia Land Conservancy’s acquisition of the island in 1982, Sandy Point has served an important ecological role for wildlife in the region. It mainly serves as a place of refuge and a breeding ground for shoreline birds such as the piping plover, American oystercatcher, least tern, and several species of gulls. A large number of horseshoe crabs also come to the island to breed. The Avalonia Land Conservancy sought assistance from the U.S. Fish & Wildlife"
"but it is the home of the seabirds: magnificent frigatebird (""Fregata magnificens""), brown booby, masked booby, terns, double-crested cormorant (""Phalacrocorax auritus""), pelican, petrels nest on the cliff of the island. Red-footed booby (""Sula sula"") and blue-footed booby (""Sula nebouxii"") are only observable on Grand-Îlet, among the islands of Guadeloupe department. The waste of these birds results in a strong concentration of guano on the rocks and beaches. The beaches of the island are rich in crabs, in particular the blue land crabs, the blackback land crabs and the sand fiddler crab. The wading birds of Lesser Antilles live in the"
"Hayward, a British millionaire, purchased the island for £150,000 (£ today) and gave it to the National Trust, who leased it to the Landmark Trust. The Landmark Trust has managed the island since then, deriving its income from arranging day trips, letting out holiday cottages and from donations. In May 2015 a sculpture by Antony Gormley was erected on Lundy. It is one of five life-sized sculptures, ""Land"", placed near the centre and at four compass points of the UK in a commission by the Landmark Trust, to celebrate its 50th anniversary. The others are at Lowsonford (Warwickshire), Saddell Bay"
"on the offshore Kangaroo Island which is included by the World Wildlife Fund in the Mount Lofty woodlands ecoregion. The western half of Kangaroo Island has more open woodland containing sugar gum (""Eucalyptus cladocalyx"") and drooping sheoak (""Allocasuarina verticillata"") and more endemic plant species in general than are found on the mainland. The mountains are home to a number of marsupials such as the koala, western gray kangaroo, southern brown bandicoot and the tammar wallaby on Kangaroo Island and a monotreme (egg-laying mammal), the echidna (while the platypus remains on Kangaroo Island only). Birds include the southern emu-wren which is"
"other, smaller islands and islets in the Lively Island group. Some of these Islets are linked to Lively Island by sandbars. North East Island which is just off the coast of Lively, was the site of a rat eradication programme in 2003. (The rest of the Lively islands are rat free.) The Lively Island group has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA). Birds for which the site is of conservation significance include Falkland steamer ducks, ruddy-headed geese, gentoo penguins (650 breeding pairs), Magellanic penguins, southern giant petrels (40 pairs), white-bridled finches, blackish cinclodes and Cobb's"
"but this has never been verified. If it is true, then North Island would be the species' most southerly breeding site in Western Australia. The birds most often mentioned in relation to North Island are the Abrolhos painted buttonquail (""Turnix varius scintillans""), a rare subspecies of the widespread painted buttonquail (""Turnix varius"") known only from the Wallabi Group and protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950; and the brush bronzewing (""Phaps elegans""), one of the most common birds on North Island, the mainland populations of which are decreasing. Other birds known to breed on North Island include the osprey (""Pandion"
"of the island at the corner of Ludwig Lane. Two hundred eighty feet of boardwalk allow access to the salt marsh tidal ponds that dominate the area. In this tract, birders can spot a variety of passerines, raptors, colonial birds roosting in the sparse chenier habitat, and wading birds. The second largest stretch of forest is a combination of the Maples tract and the Landry-Leblanc tract. Because of its in the vicinity of a local grocery store, it is locally named the Sureway Woods. Together, the Maples tract and the Landry-LeBlanc tract comprise twenty acres of chenier forest. The remaining"
"Its brassy colour, smaller size, and more finely and closely punctate-striate elytra distinguish it from its ally, ""P. chrysocephala"", which is also found on Lundy. ""P. luridipennis"" is sometimes called the ""bronze Lundy cabbage flea beetle"" to differentiate it from another beetle found on the Lundy cabbage. This latter beetle, the ""blue Lundy cabbage flea beetle"", is a short-winged form of the widespread ""P. napi"". Adult ""Psylliodes luridipennis"" beetles are invariably found on the Lundy cabbage (""Coincya wrightii)"", a species endemic to the island of Lundy, where they feed on the leaves. They are not found on other locally occurring"
"show the island once had an endemic species of barn owl ""Tyto letocarti""; two extinct hawks, ""Accipiter efficax"", ""Accipiter quartus""; a large, flightless galliform bird, ""Sylviornis neocaledoniae""; a snipe, (""Coenocorypha"" sp.); a gallinule, ""Porphyrio kukwiedei""; the lowland kagu, ""Rhynochetos orarius""; a ground dove, ""Gallicolumba longitarsus""; the pile-builder megapode; a hornbill of Lifou (Loyalty Islands); a possibly extinct lorikeet, ""Charmosyna diadema""; as well as a giant bat, arthropods and others. The island also hosted the giant terrestrial turtle ""Meiolania"", unlike any alive today which was armed with a clubbed tail and a spiked head. There was also a species of terrestrial"