"tribute, and decided to fund Christopher Columbus's expedition in the hope of bypassing Portugal's monopoly on west African sea routes, to reach ""the Indies"" (east and south Asia) by travelling west. Twice before, in 1485 and 1488, Columbus had presented the project to king John II of Portugal, who rejected it. On the evening of 3 August 1492, Columbus departed from Palos de la Frontera with three ships; one larger carrack, ""Santa María"", nicknamed ""Gallega"" (""the Galician""), and two smaller caravels, ""Pinta"" (""the Painted"") and ""Santa Clara"", nicknamed ""Niña"". Columbus first sailed to the Canary Islands, where he restocked for"
"people could fit into a single canoe. The Taino came in contact with the Caribs, another indigenous tribe, often. The caribs lived mostly in modern day Puerto Rico and northeast Hispaniola and were known to be hostile towards other tribes. The Arawak/Taino people had to defend themselves using bow and arrows with poisoned tips and some war clubs. When Columbus landed on Hispaniola, many Taino leaders wanted protection from the Caribs. Christopher Columbus inadvertently landed on the island during his first voyage across the Atlantic in 1492, where his flagship, the ""Santa Maria"", sank after running aground on December 25."
"sailed east around Africa. On March 14, 1502 Columbus made a fourth voyage with strict orders from the king and queen which instructed him not to stop at Hispaniola, but only to search for a westward passage to the Indian Ocean mainland. Accompanied by his stepbrother Bartolomeo, Diego Mendez, and his son Fernando, he left Cádiz, Spain on May 12, 1502, with his flagship, ""Capitana"", as well as the ""Gallega"", ""Vizcaína,"" and ""Santiago de Palos"". He sailed to Arzila on the Moroccan coast to rescue the Portuguese soldiers who he heard were under siege by the Moors. On June 15,"
"1414, while a Portuguese crew claimed to have landed on Antillia in the 1430s. In a later version of the legend, the bishops fled from Mérida, Spain, when Moors attacked it around the year 1150. With this legend underpinning the growing reports of a bountiful civilisation midway between Europe and Cipangu, or Japan, the quest to discover the Seven Cities attracted significant attention. However, by the last decade of the 15th century, the Portuguese state's official sponsorship of such exploratory voyages had ended, and in 1492, under the Spanish flag of Ferdinand and Isabella, Christopher Columbus set out on his"
"1492, the ""Santa María"", ""Pinta"", and ""Niña"" left Palos on their voyage of discovery. Admiral Columbus captained the flagship ""Santa María"", Pinzón was captain of the ""Pinta""; his middle brother Francisco was master. It was from the ""Pinta"" that Rodrigo de Triana would be the first to sight land in the Americas. During the voyage, Pinzón demonstrated on several occasions his gifts as an expert mariner and as a leader. When the tiller of the ""Pinta"" broke ""en route"" to the Canary Islands, Columbus, who could not get close enough to help from the ""Santa María"": These and other acts"
"sail off into nowhere just because an orange was round."" 1492: Conquest of Paradise 1492: Conquest of Paradise (in French, 1492 : Christophe Colomb) is a 1992 English-language French-Spanish epic historical drama film directed by Ridley Scott and written by Roselyne Bosch, which tells the fictionalized story of the travels to the New World by the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus (Gérard Depardieu) and the effect this had on the indigenous peoples of the Americas. The film was released by Paramount Pictures to celebrate the 500th anniversary of Columbus' voyage. The premiere debuted at almost exactly the same time as """","
"flag appointed to him by the Spanish Crown claimed the island, which he named ""San Juan Bautista"", in the name of Spain. Columbus wrote in his logbook that on October 12, 1492, he used the Royal Flag, and that his captains used two flags which the Admiral carried in all the ships as ensign, each white with a green cross in the middle and an 'F' and 'Y', both green and crowned with golden, open royal crowns, for Ferdinand II of Aragon and Ysabel (Isabel I). The conquistadores under the command of Juan Ponce de León proceeded to conquer and"
"Bartolomeu Dias who had just sailed around the Cape of Good Hope. Juan de la Cosa sailed with Christopher Columbus on his first three voyages to the New World. He owned and was master of the ""Santa María"", flagship of Columbus's first voyage in 1492. The vessel shipwrecked that year on the night of 24–25 December off the present-day site of Cap-Haïtien, Haiti. De la Cosa, in a notable act of cowardice (or treason, in Columbus's documented opinion), fled the sinking Santa Maria (his partial ownership of the vessel notwithstanding) in the flagship's boat, rather than endeavor to assist Columbus"
"1492: Conquest of Paradise 1492: Conquest of Paradise (in French, 1492 : Christophe Colomb) is a 1992 English-language French-Spanish epic historical drama film directed by Ridley Scott and written by Roselyne Bosch, which tells the fictionalized story of the travels to the New World by the Italian explorer Christopher Columbus (Gérard Depardieu) and the effect this had on the indigenous peoples of the Americas. The film was released by Paramount Pictures to celebrate the 500th anniversary of Columbus' voyage. The premiere debuted at almost exactly the same time as """", often leading to confusion between the two films. In the"
"Columbus's vow Columbus's vow () was a vow by Christopher Columbus and other members of the crew of the caravel ""Niña"" on 14 February 1493, during the return trip of Columbus's first voyage to perform certain acts, including pilgrimages, upon their return to Spain. The vow was taken at Columbus's behest during a severe storm at sea. Of the three ships on Columbus's first voyage, the flagship, the ""Santa María"", had been shipwrecked in Hispaniola on December 25, 1492, leaving only the ""Niña"" and ""Pinta"" to make the homeward voyage. 39 men were left behind, the first Spanish colonists in"
"scale. Christopher Columbus set sail in the ""Santa Maria"" on what is probably history’s most well known voyage of discovery on August 3, 1492. Leaving from the town of Palos, in southern Spain, Columbus headed west. After a brief stop in the Canary Islands for provisions and repairs, he set out for Asia. He reached San Salvador first, it is believed, (easternmost of the Bahamas) in October, and then sailed past Cuba and Hispaniola, still searching for Asia. He returned home in 1493 to a hero's welcome, and within six months had 1,500 men and 17 vessels at his command."
"or tuns) burthen, or burden, and was used as the flagship for the expedition. ""Santa María"" had a single deck and three small masts. The other ships of the Columbus expedition were the smaller caravel-type ships ""Santa Clara""; one particular ship sailed for 46 years and was remembered as ""La Niña"" (""""The Girl""""), and ""La Pinta"" (""""The Painted""""). All these ships were second-hand (if not third- or more) and were not intended for exploration. ""Niña"", ""Pinta"", and the ""Santa María"" were modest-sized merchant vessels comparable in size to a modern cruising yacht. The exact measurements of length and width of"
"""Santa Maria"", flagship of Christopher Columbus. Proof of its authenticity was a 15th-century cannon on the wreck site, which is directly out from the beach upon which archaeologists had discovered the site of Columbus' fort, precisely as Columbus wrote in his diary. His discovery is peer-supported. In the following October UNESCO's expert team published their final report, concluding that the wreck could not be Columbus's vessel, claiming fastenings used in the hull, and possible copper sheathing dated it to the 17th or even 18th century. The report was heavily challenged by Clifford saying “It was highly political” and “They conducted"
"captain in the service of the Crown of Castile, set out on his first voyage in August 1492 with the objective of reaching the East Indies by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean. As is well known, instead of reaching Asia, Columbus stumbled upon the Caribbean islands of the Americas. Convinced nonetheless he had discovered the edges of Asia, Columbus set sail back to Spain on January 15, 1493, aboard the caravel ""Niña"". According to the journal of his voyage, on February 14, Columbus was caught in a storm off the Azores islands. The resulting poor condition of his ship"
"was also graced with the hereditary dignity of I Marquis of Jamaica and the lordship of the island, putting an end to the Viceroyalty of the Indies Columbian Viceroyalty The Columbian Viceroyalty, Viceroyalty of India or First Viceroyalty in the Indies is the name that designates the number of titles and rights granted to Christopher Columbus by the Catholic Monarchs in 1492 on the lands discovered and undiscovered, before embarking on his first trip that culminated in the discovery of the Americas. The titles and powers over discovered lands granted to Christopher Columbus were entered in the capitulations of Santa"
"anniversary of the discovery of the Americas by Christopher Columbus (1492-1992). The exposition was to be jointly held with the City of Chicago, however, due to national, state, and local funding difficulties, Chicago did not accept the offer. Expo'92 Seville was widely known for its massive site, held at the Isla de la Cartuja, reputed site of reference for Columbus for his voyage to the New World, and required at least several days to visit most of the Pavilions. It was also known for its numerous spectacular gates and bridges, and the diversity of transport within the Expo site from"
"1492 to explore an alternative route to Asia, by sailing west. When Columbus eventually made landfall in the Caribbean Antilles he believed he had reached the coast of India, and that the people he encountered there were Indians with red skin. This is why Native Americans have been called Indians or red-Indians. In truth, Columbus had arrived on a continent that was new to the Europeans, the Americas. After Columbus' first trips, competing Spanish and Portuguese claims to new territories and sea routes were solved with the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494, which divided the world outside of Europe in"
"Niña La Niña (Spanish for ""The Girl"") was one of the three Spanish ships used by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus in his first voyage to the West Indies in 1492. As was tradition for Spanish ships of the day, she bore a female saint's name, Santa Clara. However, she was commonly referred to by her nickname, ""La Niña,"" which was probably a pun on the name of her owner, Juan Niño of Moguer. She was a standard caravel-type vessel. The other ships of the Columbus expedition were the caravel-type and the carrack-type . ""Niña"" was by far Columbus' favorite. She"
"taken part in many races, including the annual The Tall Ships' Races organised by Sail Training International, winning various prizes. In the Grand Regatta Columbus 1992, celebrating the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus in 1492, ""Mir"" came out as the absolute winner. ""Mir"" was involved in the SAIL Amsterdam event in August 2010. It sailed into the harbour and was open to the public for several days. During the afternoon of the 28 June 2005 Elizabeth II, as Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom, embarked on board HMS ""Endurance"" and, escorted by THV ""Patricia"", set sail to review"
"On 30 July 1502, during his fourth voyage, Christopher Columbus arrived at Guanaja, one of the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras. He sent his brother Bartholomew to scout the island. As Bartholomew explored the island with two boats, a large canoe approached from the west, apparently en route to the island. The canoe was carved from one large tree trunk and was powered by twenty-five naked rowers. Curious as to the visitors, Bartholomew Columbus seized and boarded it. He found it was a Maya trading canoe from Yucatán, carrying well-dressed Maya and a rich cargo that included ceramics,"
"direction of Henry the Navigator, the Portuguese developed a new, much lighter ship, the caravel, which could sail further and faster, and, above all, was highly manoeuvrable and could sail much nearer the wind, or ""into the wind"". In 1488 Bartolomeu Dias reached the Indian Ocean by this route. In 1492 the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon funded Christopher Columbus's plan to sail west to reach the Indies by crossing the Atlantic. He landed on a continent uncharted by Europeans and seen as a new world, the Americas. To prevent conflict between Portugal and Castile (the crown under which"
"Columbian Viceroyalty The Columbian Viceroyalty, Viceroyalty of India or First Viceroyalty in the Indies is the name that designates the number of titles and rights granted to Christopher Columbus by the Catholic Monarchs in 1492 on the lands discovered and undiscovered, before embarking on his first trip that culminated in the discovery of the Americas. The titles and powers over discovered lands granted to Christopher Columbus were entered in the capitulations of Santa Fe agreed on April 17 of 1492. Under them, the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella and Ferdinand, awarded ""for the period of his life, and after his death, to"
"them, becoming part of their celebration. ""Spain, 1492"" Columbus is at the court of Queen Isabella bidding them farewell as he prepares to set sail for the Indies. He is promised untold riches and power on his return. Suddenly this scene fades and we realise that we are aboard Columbus' ship; he has been reminiscing about his departure. It is the 32nd day of the voyage. Doubts are beginning to set in as they sail the endless blue ocean. Isabella appears to him in a vision and reminds him of the faith of Noah and of the Virgin Mary and"
"Santa María (ship) La Santa María de la Inmaculada Concepción (Spanish for: The Holy Mary of the Immaculate Conception), or La Santa María, originally La Gallega, was the largest of the three ships used by Christopher Columbus in his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. Her master and owner was Juan de la Cosa. ""Santa María"" was built in Pontevedra, Galicia, in Spain's north-west region. ""Santa María"" was probably a medium-sized nau (carrack), about long on deck, and according to Juan Escalante de Mendoza in 1575, ""Santa Maria"" was """"very little larger than"" 100 toneladas"" (about 100 tons,"
"Genoa Expo '92 L'Esposizione Internazionale Specializzata Genova '92 - Colombo '92 (in English ""International Exhibition Genoa '92 - Colombo '92"") or more informally Expo 1992, held in Genoa, Italy from 15 May to 15 August 1992. The theme was ""Christopher Columbus, The Ship and the Sea"", and the Expo was timed to celebrate the 500 years since the Discovery of America by the Genoese sailor Christopher Columbus. Because of the theme, the expo was also known as ""Colombiadi"". It was a specialized Exhibition with 54 countries represented. Total visitors were 694,800. Although not related, the exposition ran at the same"
"Fontanilla The Fontanilla is the former public fountain of Palos de la Frontera in Spain where, according to tradition, these fountains provided the water for the ships of Cristopher Columbus's first voyage—the ""Santa María"", the ""Niña"", and the ""Pinta""—when, on 3 August 1492, they departed from Palos de la Frontera, captained by Columbus and by Palos's own Pinzón Brothers. That voyage is widely considered to constitute the discovery of the Americas by Europeans. La Fontanilla is the least dramatic, but perhaps the most original and authentic monument among the so-called ""Lugares colombinos"", the places in Huelva closely associated with Columbus's"
"Columbus, an Italian navigator, launched four voyages of discovery to the new world."" Similarly, the fountain has multiple inscriptions. One on the south side reads, ""1892 A dream shared / by later generations / who explored a vast continent / where freedom and opportunity / beckoned to those with / the courage and imagination to venture westward"". Another on the east side reads, ""1932 Westward into Ohio / came the successors / to the spirit of Columbus, / naming the capital city / of the new state / after the man who symbolized / the spirit of the frontier"". The"
"ships. The largest was a carrack (Spanish: ""nao""), the ""Santa María"" ex-""Gallega"" (""Galician""). The other two were smaller caravels. The name of one is lost: it is known today only by the nickname ""Pinta"", which in Castilian of the time meant ""painted one"". The ""Santa Clara"" was nicknamed affectionately the ""Niña"" (""the little one""), a pun on the name of her owner, Juan Niño of Moguer. The monarchs forced the citizens of Palos to contribute to the expedition. The ""Santa María"" was owned by Juan de la Cosa and captained by Columbus. The ""Pinta"" and the ""Niña"" were piloted by"
"the Indies in various patrol duties. There is some confusion over the flagship of the fleet. Most sources suggest it was the ""São Jerónimo"", but some claim it was the ""São Rafael"". The confusion may be caused by the fact that Fernão Soares (""São Rafael"") was indeed designated to be the captain-major (""capitão-mor"") of the ""return"" fleet of early 1506. But, in the outward journey, it seems vice-roy Almeida was aboard the ""São Jerónimo"". A few sources identify the flagship as ""Bom Jesus"", but since a ship of this name is not given in most lists, that may just be"
"his successful voyage of discovery, the Spanish sovereigns granted Columbus the right to bear arms. According to the blazon specified in letters patent dated May 20, 1493, Columbus was to bear in the first and the second quarters the royal charges of Castile and Leon, the Castle and the Lion, but with different tinctures or colours. In the third quarter would be islands in a wavy sea, and in the fourth, the customary arms of his family. The arms of the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon, whose marriage unified Spain, were: After Isabella I's"
"to sail the Mediterranean sea, not the open ocean. It was greatly surpassed in size by ships like of the Hanseatic League, built in 1462, in length, and the English carrack , built during the period 1420–1439, weighing between 1,400 and 2,750 tons, and long, in both weight and length. On Columbus' first expedition, ""Niña"" carried 26 men, captained by Vicente Yáñez Pinzón. They left Palos de la Frontera on 3 August 1492, stopping at the Canary Islands on 12 August 1492, and continued westward. Landfall was made in the Bahamas at dawn on 12 October 1492. On 14 February"
"Voyages of Christopher Columbus In 1492, a Spanish-based transatlantic maritime expedition led by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus encountered the Americas, continents which were largely unknown in Europe and were outside the Old World political and economic system. The four voyages of Columbus began the Spanish colonization of the Americas. For a long time it was generally believed that Columbus and his crew had been the first Europeans to make landfall in the Americas. In fact they were not the first explorers from Europe to reach the Americas, having been preceded by the Viking expedition led by Leif Erikson in the"
"in the ""Alcázar"" castle. Isabella turned him down on the advice of her confessor. Columbus was leaving town by mule in despair when Ferdinand intervened. Isabella then sent a royal guard to fetch him, and Ferdinand later claimed credit for being ""the principal cause why those islands were discovered"". In the April 1492 ""Capitulations of Santa Fe"", King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella promised Columbus that if he succeeded he would be given the rank of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and appointed Viceroy and Governor of all the new lands he could claim for Spain. He had the right to"