"Viscount Grey of Fallodon, George Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, and Anthony Eden. The current holders are Alistair Burt and Henry Bellingham. Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs has been a junior position in the British government since 1782, subordinate to both the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and since 1945 also to the Minister of State for Foreign Affairs. The post has been based at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, which was created in 1968, by the merger of the Foreign Office, where the position was initially based, and"
"for Foreign Affairs, and during the beginning of the 1930s he was Sweden's envoy to Istanbul, Sofia, Athens, Warsaw and Bucharest. In 1938, he was appointed State Secretary for Foreign Affairs and held that position during World War II, up until 1945. During the war he was also Sweden's envoy to Paris, so the Deputy State Secretary for Foreign Affairs, Vilhelm Assarsson, had to step in as Acting Secretary on a number of occasions. He was appointed Ambassador of Sweden to the United Kingdom 1947–48, and Ambassador to the United States 1948–58. He was nominated for Secretary-General of the United"
"Edvard Beneš Edvard Beneš, sometimes anglicised to Edward Benesh (; 28 May 1884 – 3 September 1948), was a Czech politician and statesman who was President of Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938 and again from 1945 to 1948. As President, Beneš faced two major crises which both resulted in his resignation. His first resignation came after the German occupation of Czechoslovakia in 1938 which brought his government into exile, and the second came about with the 1948 communist coup. Beneš was also the 1st Minister of Foreign Affairs (1918–1935) and the 4th Prime Minister (1921–1922) of Czechoslovakia. A member of"
"Anthony Eden Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative politician who served three periods as Foreign Secretary and then a relatively brief term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1955 to 1957. Achieving rapid promotion as a young Member of Parliament, he became Foreign Secretary aged 38, before resigning in protest at Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy towards Mussolini's Italy. He again held that position for most of the Second World War, and a third time in the early 1950s. Having been deputy to Winston Churchill for almost"
"People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs. In 1945-1947, Zorin was the Soviet ambassador to Czechoslovakia. In 1948, he helped organize the Czechoslovak coup d'état. In 1947-1955 and again in 1956-1965, he was Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Soviet Union. At the same time, he held other positions, including that of the permanent Soviet representative at the UN Security Council in 1952-1953. In 1955-1956, Zorin was the first Soviet ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany. In 1956-1965, he again represented the Soviet Union at the UN Security Council, which led to his famous confrontation with Adlai Stevenson on 25"
"Paris from 1929 to 1931, as a secretary at the general consulate in London in 1932. He worked in Norway from 1933 to 1940 and again in London from 1940 to 1945, during the war. He was a deputy under-secretary of state in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1945 to 1948 and 1951 to 1953, and the permanent under-secretary of state (the highest-ranking civil position) from 1958 to 1965. He served as the Norwegian ambassador to Belgium (and Luxembourg) from 1948 to 1951, to Francoist Spain from 1953 to 1957 and to Italy (and Greece and Malta) from 1965"
"Amt"" can be seen that every State Secretary during the Nazi era was a professional diplomat. The State Secretaries of the Third Reich were Prince Bernhard von Bülow (State Secretary 1930-36), Count Hans Georg von Mackensen (State Secretary 1936-38 and ambassador to Italy 1938-42), Baron Ernst von Weizsäcker (State Secretary 1938-43 and ambassador to the Holy See 1943-45) and Baron Gustav Adolf Steengracht von Moyland (State Secretary 1943-45). The overlap in goals between the professional diplomats and the Nazis were well illustrated by the memo on what should be the foreign policy of the Hitler government written by Bülow in"
"Minister of Foreign Affairs 1943-1945. Ambassador to Japan 1951-1952. Minister of Finance 1952. Minister of Economic Affairs 1952-1953 Ambassador to India 1953-1957 Ambassador to Switzerland, Austria and Yugoslavia 1957-1962 Paladbunchagarn - Office of the Prime Minister Leod Supan (Blood of Supan) - Rachamanu - Suek Talang (Battle of Talang - Pra jao Krung Thon (King of Thonburi) - Tai Dab Na (Death at next Sword) - Po Kun Pa Mueng (King Pa Mueng) - Petch Pra Narai (Diamond of King Narai - Lan Leod Lan Rug (Territory of Blood Territory of Love) - Sriharajdecho - Dab Saen Mueng (Sword of"
"Foreign Affairs from 1933 to 1934, then Envoy to Washington, D.C. 1934–1938, Cuba 1934–1938, Rome 1938–1940 and Athens 1938–1940 and Warsaw from 1945 to 1955 (from 1954 Ambassador). He died, aged 81, in Helsinki. Eero Järnefelt (diplomat) Eero Järnefelt (3 May 1888 – 28 January 1970) was a Finnish diplomat. Eero Järnefelt was born in Saint Petersburg. His parents were writer Arvid Järnefelt and Emilia Fredrika Parviainen. He graduated privately in 1905 from the Ressu Upper Secondary School and graduated as a Candidate of Philosophy at the University of Helsinki in 1909. Järnefelt was a journalist for ""Helsingin Sanomat"" in"
"Trygve Lie Trygve Halvdan Lie (; ; 16 July 1896 – 30 December 1968) was a Norwegian politician, labour leader, government official and author. He served as Norwegian Foreign minister during the critical years of the Norwegian government in exile in London from 1940 to 1945. From 1946 to 1952 he was the first Secretary-General of the United Nations. Lie earned a reputation as a pragmatic, determined politician. Lie was born in Kristiania on 16 July 1896. His father, carpenter Martin Lie, left the family to emigrate to the United States in 1902, and was never heard from again. Trygve"
"Foreign Affairs from 1937 to 1938 and the Ministry's Permanent Secretary from 1938 to 1941 and 1946-1950. He was an Envoy in Switzerland from 1941 to 1946 and Belgium and Luxembourg from 1950 to 1957. Voionmaa was the Finnish Ambassador of Spain in 1957-1960 and at the same time also to the Holy See from 1956 to 1960. Voionmaa was also chaired by the International Association for Alcohol Resistance in 1946-1960. Voionmaa wrote the book ""International Social Policy"" (1926) and published studies in the series ""Studies and Reports of the International Labour Office"" and the ""Publications of the Economic Intelligence"
"In 1938, he served as acting foreign minister. He was appointed director general of the political affairs at the foreign ministry in 1938 and his tenure ended in 1939. Then he held the posts of ambassador to Romania and Yugoslavia (1939-1941), ambassador to France (1941-1942), minister of posts and telecommunications (1942) and ambassador to Iraq (1943-1947). He was appointed Iran's ambassador to the United Kingdom on 6 August 1947, replacing Hassan Taqizadeh in the post. He held the post until 1950 and was succeeded by Ali Soheili in the post. Then Rais was appointed foreign minister in 1950 and his"
"Foreign Affairs from 1951 to 1955, second secretary at the Foreign Ministry in 1952, secretary of the committee for the revision of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade agreement from 1954 to 1955 and was first embassy secretary of Permanent Representative of Sweden to the United Nations in New York City in 1955. Rabeus was embassy counsellor in Paris while serving in the Organization for European Economic Cooperation delegation from 1957 to 1959. He was director at the Foreign Ministry from 1959 to 1961, embassy counsellor in Paris from 1961 to 1963 and ambassador in Algiers from 1963 to"
"in office when he was succeeded by Winston Churchill in 1905. From 1912 to 1916, he was private secretary to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, serving Lewis Harcourt and then Bonar Law. In 1916 he was promoted to Principal Clerk and in 1917 was appointed Director of the Overseas Division of the Foreign Office, Department of Overseas Trade, a post he held until 1933, when he was promoted to Assistant Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. He retired in 1938, although he returned to the Foreign Office during the Second World War from September 1939 to September 1940."
"between1966–1969. Aaro Pakaslahti Aaro Antti Pakaslahti (7 June 1903 Oulu – 1969) was a Finnish diplomat, a doctoral student of philosophy. Johannes Pakaslahti is his son. Aaro Pakaslahti attended as high school age old boy from Oulun Lyceum as Member of the National Guard in the Battle of Oulu in February 1918 in the Finnish Civil War and later in the Tribal Wars in Aunus expedition in spring 1919, where he was wounded. He was head of the Political Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1939 to 1941 and served as Permanent Secretary in 1941-1943. After that, he"
"on August 3, 1945 at Palo Alto Hospital while undergoing surgery to repair a hernia. His wife Liisa died of tuberculosis on July 22, 1951. Rudolf Holsti Eino Rudolf Woldemar Holsti (8 October 1881 in Jyväskylä – 3 August 1945 in Palo Alto, California) was a Finnish politician, journalist and diplomat. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1919–1922 and in 1936–1938 and a member of the Finnish Parliament in 1913–1918 representing the Young Finnish Party (""Nuorsuomalainen Puolue""). From 1919 he represented the National Progressive Party. Holsti represented Finland in the League of Nations. He was also a republican"
"1955, Tătărescu died in Bucharest, less than two years later. According to Sanda Tătărescu Negropontes, this came as a result of tuberculosis contracted while in detention. Gheorghe Tătărescu Gheorghe I. Tătărescu (also known as ""Guță Tătărescu"", with a slightly antiquated pet form of his given name; 2 November 1886 – 28 March 1957) was a Romanian politician who served 36th Prime Minister of Romania (1934–1937; 1939–1940), three times as Minister of Foreign Affairs (""interim"" in 1934 and 1938; appointed to the office in 1945-1947), and once as Minister of War (1934). Representing the ""young liberals"" faction inside the National Liberal"
"Delegation of Buenos Aires from 1929 to 1931 and in the Embassy of Berlin in 1931-1932 and as Assistant to the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1932 to 1933. He served as Secretary of State from 1933 to 1935, as Secretary of State in Paris from 1935 to 1939, as Counselor in Stockholm, 1939-1942, as Head of Division for Foreign Affairs in 1942-1944, and as Counselor in Berlin in 1944. He was representing Finland in the Legal Subcommittee of the International Civil Aviation Organization 1935-1939. Soravuo received the Counselor's title for 1937. Soravuo was then from the Ministry of Foreign"
"Reinhold Svento Reinhold Konstantin Svento (until 1938 ""Sventorzetsky"", July 24, 1881, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire - March 30, 1973 Lappeenranta) was a Finnish politician who served as a speaker of the Finnish Social Democratic Party between 1922 and 1945 and MP from the Finnish People's Democratic League 1945-1948, 1944-1948 as II Foreign Minister in three Governments and 1948-1951 as Envoy of Finland to Bern. Svento, also a member of the Helsinki City Council, also acted as a five-times clectoral in presidential elections. Sventorzetsky graduated from the University of St. Petersburg in 1907 and worked as an official in General Governor's"
"Reinhold Svento Reinhold Konstantin Svento (until 1938 ""Sventorzetsky"", July 24, 1881, St. Petersburg, Russian Empire - March 30, 1973 Lappeenranta) was a Finnish politician who served as a speaker of the Finnish Social Democratic Party between 1922 and 1945 and MP from the Finnish People's Democratic League 1945-1948, 1944-1948 as II Foreign Minister in three Governments and 1948-1951 as Envoy of Finland to Bern. Svento, also a member of the Helsinki City Council, also acted as a five-times clectoral in presidential elections. Sventorzetsky graduated from the University of St. Petersburg in 1907 and worked as an official in General Governor's"
"He retired to his family's estates in Enzweihingen, where he died two years later, aged 83. Konstantin von Neurath Konstantin Hermann Karl Freiherr von Neurath (2 February 1873 – 14 August 1956) was a German diplomat remembered mostly for having served as Foreign minister of Germany between 1932 and 1938. Holding this post in the early years of Adolf Hitler's regime, Neurath was regarded as playing a key role in the foreign policy pursuits of the Nazi dictator in undermining the Treaty of Versailles and territorial expansion in the prelude to World War II, although he was often to Hitler's"
"Konstantin von Neurath Konstantin Hermann Karl Freiherr von Neurath (2 February 1873 – 14 August 1956) was a German diplomat remembered mostly for having served as Foreign minister of Germany between 1932 and 1938. Holding this post in the early years of Adolf Hitler's regime, Neurath was regarded as playing a key role in the foreign policy pursuits of the Nazi dictator in undermining the Treaty of Versailles and territorial expansion in the prelude to World War II, although he was often to Hitler's aims tactically if not necessarily ideologically. This aversion eventually induced Hitler to replace Neurath with the"
"of State for Foreign Affairs, then a Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State in the Commonwealth Relations Office from 1954 to 1955, before resuming his junior ministerial position at the Foreign Office in December 1955. He was one of the hosts of Nikolai Bulganin and Nikita Khrushchev when they visited the UK in April 1956, and was in office during the Suez Crisis in October 1956. He opposed the plan for Britain and France to invade Egypt, under the pretext of separating the Egyptians from a prearranged invasion by Israel, but felt it his duty to remain in office, unlike Sir Anthony"
"on September 8, 1951. 1950: Chief Delegate of Egypt and President to the International Civil Aviation Organization in Montreal, Canada. 1954–1948: Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary to the United States. Chief Delegate and Permanent Representative of Egypt for the 5th session of the United Nations Assembly. 1948–1946: Ambassador Plenipotentiary Under Secretary of State for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1944–1946: Minister Plenipotentiary to the Soviet Union. First diplomat to establish diplomatic relations between Egypt and the Soviet Union. 1942–1944: Minister Plenipotentiary to Turkey. 1939–1942: Various assignments in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 1936–1938: Chargé d'Affaires in Poland. 1934–1936: Director of Budgets,"
"of Persia to Bucharest, and then in 1921 he became ambassador to Belgium. 1934-1935 he was Iran's Imperial Ambassador in Afghanistan, and in 1935 arranged the ""Atabay Arbitration"" (territorial exchanges between both countries in the Sistan-Zabulistan region). In 1935 he also became Minister of Transport and with seven other members of the cabinet responsible for the 1935 commemoration stamp set. Finally 1939-1943 he became ambassador in Egypt. There he arranged the marriage of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (in those days Crown Prince of Iran) with Princess Fawzia, daughter of King Fouad I and sister of King Farouk of Egypt on 16"
"then Assistant to the Mission in Paris from 1921 to 1922, serving in the Secretary General's office in the League of Nations in 1923-1925 and as Secretary of State in Paris between 1925 and 1928. Wuorimaa was Finland's Envoy in Tallinn from 1928 to 1933, in Berlin from 1933 to 1940, in Budapest and in Sofia from 1940 to 1944, and later was transferred to non-active status and retired from the post. He later rejoined the active service as Head of the Administrative Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1950 to 1951, and Ambassador to The Hague and"
"team. Sofoklis Venizelos Sofoklis Venizelos (, also transliterated as Sophocles Venizelos) (3 November 1894 – 7 February 1964) was a Greek politician, who three times served as Prime Minister of Greece – in 1944 (in exile), 1950 and 1950–1951. Venizelos was born on 3 November 1894 in Chania, in Crete (then a part of the Ottoman Empire; became an autonomous state under Ottoman suzerainty and the protection of Russia, Britain, France and Italy in 1898). He was the second-born son of the politician Eleftherios Venizelos. During World War I he served with distinction in the Greek Army and in the"
"of Chicago, and the University of Michigan. Wilcox joined the United States Department of State in 1942. From 1947 through 1951, he was the first chief of staff of the United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. During this time, the Committee oversaw the United States' involvement in the creation of NATO and the Marshall Plan. In 1955, President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower nominated Wilcox as Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs and, after Senate confirmation, Wilcox served in this office from July 28, 1955 through January 20, 1961. In this capacity, he had primary"
"to 1940 and the head of the sales office of Uusimaa in 1941–1945. Frietsch was also served as the Secretary of the ""Kontorsvärlden"" newspaper in 1933–1935 and as editor-in-chief from 1935 to 1937 and editor in chief of ""Vi och vårt"" 1937–1945. After the war, Frietsch was a newsreader at the Embassy of Finland in Stockholm from 1946 to 1948, as Secretary of State in Stockholm from 1948 to 1950, and from 1953 to 1956, as Secretary of State in Oslo and Copenhagen from 1948 to 1950, and as Secretary of State in Washington, 1950–1953. Finland's Permanent Representative at the"
"Clement Attlee Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, (3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967) was a British statesman and Labour Party politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951. He was the Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955. In 1940, Attlee took Labour into the wartime coalition government and served under Winston Churchill, becoming, in 1942, the first person to hold the office of Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He went on to lead the Labour Party to an unexpected landslide victory at the 1945 general election; forming"
"advocated the cause of the Indian Muslims through his presidential address. He participated at the Round Table Conferences held from 1930 to 1932 and became the Minister of Railways in May 1935. In 1939, he represented India at the League of Nations. He was appointed the Agent General of India in China in 1942 and represented India as the Indian Government's nominee at the Commonwealth Relations Conference in 1945, where he spoke on India's cause for freedom. From 1935 to 1941, he was a member of the Executive Council of the Viceroy of India. Sir Zafarullah Khan prepared a note"
"most of his party, pro-Nazi. When the National Party won the general election in 1948, he was an obvious choice for the cabinet, firstly as Minister of Economic Affairs, then, from 1955, as Minister of Finance and from 1957 as Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was best known as South Africa's representative at UNO, Commonwealth and other overseas conferences. Between 1948 and 1962 he represented South Africa at UNO on eight occasions. As Minister of Foreign Affairs he assisted Dr HF Verwoerd at the historic Commonwealth conference in London in 1961 when South Africa withdrew her membership. On 31 December"
"1943, he became the ""Minister in the Middle East,"". Following the war he made the choice of serving the Warsaw Government controlled by the Communists, as ambassador to Great Britain in 1945 and 1946. He broke with this Government in 1949 and stayed in London with his wife and children. He died on 2 May 1951, in London, while still in exile. Around 1926, he married Olga Dunin (1902–1972), daughter of Rodryg Dunin. They had two children, Henryk and Teresa. Henryk Leon Strasburger Henryk Leon Strasburger (27 May 1887 – 2 May 1951) was a Polish economist, General Commissioner in"