"in a romantic relationship with him, and her death was a source of deep, lasting pain. Paula Hitler, the younger sister of Hitler and the last living member of his immediate family, died in June 1960. Hitler exploited documentary films and newsreels to inspire a cult of personality. He was involved and appeared in a series of propaganda films throughout his political career—such as ""Der Sieg des Glaubens"" and ""Triumph des Willens""—made by Leni Riefenstahl, regarded as a pioneer of modern filmmaking. Informational notes Citations Bibliography Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a"
"relatively unheard of at the time, but Leni’s use and augmentation of them set a standard, and is the reason why they are still used to this day. Riefenstahl's work on ""Olympia"" has been cited as a major influence in modern sports photography. Riefenstahl filmed competitors of all races, including African-American Jesse Owens in what later became famous footage. ""Olympia"" premiered for Hitler's 49th birthday in 1938. Its international debut led Riefenstahl to embark on an American publicity tour in an attempt to secure commercial release. In February 1937, Riefenstahl enthusiastically told a reporter for the ""Detroit News"", ""To me,"
"1938's ""Olympia"", was meant to prove that the Reich was a democratic and open society under Nazi rule. It had the perfect venue, the 1936 Berlin Olympics in which to showcase Adolf Hitler's Aryan ideals and prowess. One of the most notable shots is Hitler congratulating the African American Jesse Owens on his four gold medals, whose successes spoiled Hitler's wish to depict those of African descent as racially inferior. The film won a number of prestigious film awards but fell from grace, particularly in the United States when, in November 1938, the world learned of the program against the"
"an Aryan forerunner of the modern German Reich. The event was designed to demonstrate the growing influence and power of the Third Reich. It was internationally viewed as a great success, sufficient for it to be replicated in all Games thereafter. Leni Riefenstahl, a film-maker admired by Hitler, filmed the relay for the 1938 release ""Olympia"". While the film is often seen as a prime example of Nazi propaganda, it has also been hailed as one of the greatest films of all time and won many awards upon its release. Sculptor Walter Lemcke designed the 27 cm wood and metal"
"be under Nazi domination within ten years. The event was filmed by Hitler's favorite director, Leni Riefenstahl, and branded with the giants of German industry: the lighting-mirrors were made by the Zeiss corporation, and the torches themselves, fueled with magnesium to prevent them from going out in bad weather, were constructed by Krupp, the huge steel and munitions conglomerate that armed Germany for both world wars. The final leg of the relay was completed on August 1 by Fritz Schilgen, a German electrical engineer and national champion runner, who ran into the stadium and lit the Olympic cauldron to open"
"Great Depression, which contributed to the low number of competitors (the fewest since the St. Louis games). The 1936 Berlin Games were seen by the German government as a golden opportunity to promote their ideology. The ruling Nazi Party commissioned film-maker Leni Riefenstahl to film the games. The result, ""Olympia"", was widely considered to be a masterpiece, despite Hitler's theories of Aryan racial superiority being repeatedly shown up by ""non-Aryan"" athletes. In particular, African-American sprinter and long jumper Jesse Owens won four gold medals. The 1936 Berlin Games also saw the reintroduction of the Torch Relay. Due to World War"
"new 100,000-seat track and field stadium built, as well as six gymnasiums and many other smaller arenas. The games were the first to be televised, and radio broadcasts reached 41 countries. Filmmaker Leni Riefenstahl was commissioned by the German Olympic Committee to film the Games for $7 million. Her film, titled ""Olympia"", pioneered many of the techniques now common in the filming of sports. Hitler saw the Games as an opportunity to promote his government and ideals of racial supremacy and antisemitism, and the official Nazi party paper, the ""Völkischer Beobachter"", wrote in the strongest terms that Jews should not"
"The Wonderful Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl () is a 1993 German documentary film about the life of German film director Leni Riefenstahl, directed by Ray Müller. Riefenstahl was best known for her documentary film ""Olympia"" (1938), on the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin and her Nazi propaganda films, ""Der Sieg des Glaubens"" (1933), ""Triumph of the Will"" (1935), and ""Tag der Freiheit"" (1935), which are regarded by historians as among the greatest propaganda films of all time. The United States release of this film, in 1993, coincided with the publication of Riefenstahl's"
"Erinnerungsort Olympia-Attentat The Erinnerungsort Olympia-Attentat is a memorial in the Munich Olympiapark for the victims of the Munich massacre during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, at which eleven Israeli Olympic team members were taken hostage and eventually killed, along with a German police officer, by the Palestinian terrorist group Black September. The 10 minutes long 11 meter width Video Installation loop is shown each day from 8 to 22 o'clock. Language is german with english subtitles. The memorial was opened on September 6. 2017 by the President of Israel Reuven Rivlin and President of Germany Frank-Walter Steinmeier."
"Erinnerungsort Olympia-Attentat The Erinnerungsort Olympia-Attentat is a memorial in the Munich Olympiapark for the victims of the Munich massacre during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, at which eleven Israeli Olympic team members were taken hostage and eventually killed, along with a German police officer, by the Palestinian terrorist group Black September. The 10 minutes long 11 meter width Video Installation loop is shown each day from 8 to 22 o'clock. Language is german with english subtitles. The memorial was opened on September 6. 2017 by the President of Israel Reuven Rivlin and President of Germany Frank-Walter Steinmeier."
"1929, she starred in five successful motion pictures. In 1932, Riefenstahl decided to try directing with her own film called ""Das Blaue Licht"" (""The Blue Light""). In the 1930s, she directed ""Triumph des Willens"" (""Triumph of the Will"") and ""Olympia"", resulting in worldwide attention and acclaim. The movies are widely considered two of the most effective, and technically innovative, propaganda films ever made. Her involvement in ""Triumph des Willens"", however, significantly damaged her career and reputation after the war. The exact nature of her relationship with Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler remains a matter of debate. However, Hitler was in"
"A slightly abbreviated version of the Olympische Hymne can be heard on the soundtrack to the closing sequence of part 1 of Leni Riefenstahl's Olympia, the film of the 1936 Olympics. (It follows the Marathon sequence.) Olympische Hymne Olympische Hymne (Olympic Hymn) is a composition for orchestra and mixed chorus by Richard Strauss. In 1932, Richard Strauss was approached by Dr. Theodor Lewald, the German Olympic Committee’s representative to the International Olympic Committee (IOC). The German committee desired an anthem composed for the 1936 Summer Olympics to be held in Berlin. Early in 1933, Strauss agreed to compose an Olympic"
"to the human body and to sports"", arguing that the director Leni Riefenstahl was able to capture ""will an strength."" Waddell acknowledged the film's blatant use by Adolf Hitler as Nazi propaganda, but argued that viewers should be able to see it as both an example of what the Olympics should and should not be, calling it the best Olympic film that was out yet in terms of quality despite the clear pro-Nazi messaging. This caused an issue among many. Gay and lesbian Jewish people who passed around leaflets that denounced the film as Nazi propaganda and demanded the SFAA"
"was a spectator at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome when Boston took the gold medal in the long jump. The long-jump victory is documented, along with many other 1936 events, in the 1938 film ""Olympia"" by Leni Riefenstahl. On August 1, 1936, Hitler shook hands with the German victors only and then left the stadium. International Olympic Committee president Henri de Baillet-Latour insisted that Hitler greet every medalist or none at all. Hitler opted for the latter and skipped all further medal presentations. Owens first competed on Day 2 (August 2), running in the first (10:30 a.m.) and second"
"""Der Sieg des Glaubens"" and ""Triumph des Willens"", this was filmed at the annual Nazi Party rally at Nuremberg. Riefenstahl said this film was a sub-set of ""Der Sieg des Glaubens"", added to mollify the German Army which felt it was not represented well in ""Triumph des Willens"". Hitler invited Riefenstahl to film the 1936 Summer Olympics scheduled to be held in Berlin, a film which Riefenstahl claimed had been commissioned by the International Olympic Committee. She visited Greece to take footage of the route of the inaugural torch relay and the games' original site at ""Olympia"", where she was"
"placing tracking shot rails within the bleachers. The techniques employed are almost universally admired, but the film is controversial due to its political context. Nevertheless, the film appears on many lists of the greatest films of all time, including ""Time"" magazine's ""All-Time 100 Movies."" ""Olympia"" set the precedent for future films documenting and glorifying the Olympic Games, particularly the Summer Games. The 1936 Summer Olympics torch relay was devised by the German sports official Dr. Carl Diem for these Olympic Games in Berlin. Riefenstahl later staged the torch relay for this film, with competitive events of the Games. ""Olympia"" was"
"Olympics film, and he contacted Tony Maylam to direct and write the film. However, they felt that only two films had ""worked"". ""Olympia"" by Leni Riefenstahl of the 1936 Summer Olympics held in Berlin and the Kon Ichikawa film ""Tokyo Olympiad"" of the 1964 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo. Yet they decided that they didn't want the film to be a documentary, but a feature film. Tony Maylam made two music movies ""White Rock"" and """", also known as the ""Genesis Concert Movie"", which is a movie shot in concert at The Apollo Theatre, Glasgow and the New Bingley Hall,"
"Brundage, who is convinced by Goebbels to do so to avoid a scandal over a business arrangement Brundage entered with the Nazis before the games. Director Leni Riefenstahl films the event against Goebbels' orders, then asks Owens to repeat his medal-winning broad jump to get a few more shots for her next film, ""Olympia"". John Boyega was initially set to star as Owens; however, he eventually dropped out to star in """". and was subsequently replaced by Stephan James. German and Canadian distribution was handled by Squareone Entertainment and Entertainment One with Focus Features handling the distribution in the United"
"Goebbels insisted that all German performers contribute to it, and concluded that a film based on it would be even more successful. During the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, the young Inge Wagner and Luftwaffe Fliegerleutnant (Flight Lieutenant) Herbert Koch meet, and within a few days fall in love. They make plans for their joint future, but before they can get married, Herbert is seconded to the Condor Legion and ordered to the Spanish Civil War; he is forced to leave immediately without giving Inge any explanation. The mission is top secret and all contact with home is forbidden, including"
"the Olympics with colorful posters and athletic imagery, drawing a link between Nazi Germany and ancient Greece. Leni Reifenstahl, the film maker behind ""Triumph of the Will"" (1934), was employed and created a controversial documentary titled ""Olympia"" (1938) about the Summer Games. Elaborate plans were created and constructed, including a new stadium as well as a state-of-the-art Olympic Village. Hitler placed the full resources of the state behind the Olympic preparations. Goebbels and the Nazi regime covered up their violent, racist policies throughout the Games by removing anti-Semitic signs and toning back rhetoric of newspapers. Orders were made to allow"
"designated sites of the Games, had no ancient precedent and was introduced by Carl Diem at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin which were organized by the Nazis under the guidance of Joseph Goebbels. At the first Olympic torch relay, the flame was transported from Olympia to Berlin over 3,187 kilometres by 3,331 runners in twelve days and eleven nights. There were minor protests in Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia on the way, which were suppressed by the local security forces. Leni Riefenstahl later staged the torch relay for the 1938 film ""Olympia"". The Olympic fire is ignited several months before the"
"German Olympic Decoration The German Olympic Decoration () was a civil decoration of Nazi Germany awarded to administrators of the IV Olympic Winter Games in Garmisch-Partenkirchen and the Games of the XI Olympiad in Berlin 1936. The award was not intended for actual participants in the Olympic Games, but rather in recognition of those who had orchestrated the ""behind the scenes"" preparations and work for the events. Several members of the SS, including Reinhard Heydrich, Karl Wolff and Heinrich Himmler were awarded the Olympic Games decoration for providing security during the event. Hermann Fegelein was awarded the decoration for overseeing"
"Hitler's Madman Hitler's Madman is a 1943 World War II film about the assassination of Nazi Reinhard Heydrich and the Lidice massacre revenge taken by the Germans. The picture was produced by Seymour Nebenzal for PRC and Angelus Pictures, Inc. It starred Patricia Morison and featured John Carradine as Reinhard Heydrich. The movie's opening credits say that Edna St. Vincent Millay's 1942 poem, Murder of Lidice was the inspiration of the this movie and parts of the poem are read at the beginning of the film to introduce the audience to the doomed village. The shooting of ""Hitler's Madman"" took"
"to the musicians, Theodor Lewald stepped onto a rostrum to address the nearly 4,000 athletes from 49 nations who had just marched in. His remarks concluded with the news that the Olympic Committee had decided the day before to make Richard Strauss's Olympic Hymn the hymn for all future meets. He expressed his thanks to the composer. After a short opening proclamation by Adolf Hitler, and an artillery salute and the release of several thousand white pigeons; Richard Strauss conducted the Olympische Hymne at 5:16 p.m. The duration of the work is approximately three and one-half minutes. A piano-vocal score"
"Summer Olympics in Berlin. Although the German technology promised the use of one and the same material for different purposes, ranging from photographic negative film for prints to photographic slides and motion picture films, it took another three years—until July 1939—for any German motion picture film studio to experiment with the film. The Third Reich's Minister of Propaganda Joseph Goebbels was in a hurry. He admired Hollywood movies and examined them carefully in regular private screenings (sometimes with Adolf Hitler and his staff). Technicolor films such as ""The Garden of Allah"" (1936), ""Gone with the Wind"" (1939) and Disney's ""Snow"
"Hitler: A Film from Germany Hitler: A Film from Germany (), called Our Hitler in the US, is a 1977 Franco-British-German experimental film directed by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg, produced by Bernd Eichinger, and co-produced by the BBC. It starred Heinz Schubert, who played both Adolf Hitler and Heinrich Himmler. Along with Syberberg's characteristic and unusual motifs and style, the film is also notable for its 442-minute running time. ""Hitler: A Film from Germany"" has no clear plot or chronology. Instead, each part explores one particular topic. One particular plot device, especially for mocking post-war fascination and cliches about Hitler and Nazism,"
"of Kristallnacht, an especially large pogrom against the Jews of Germany. Riefenstahl was touring the U.S. to promote the film at that time and was immediately asked to leave the country. The film won several awards; There had been few screenings of ""Olympia"" in English-speaking countries upon its original release; the film was not shown in the United States until 1940, and was then re-released in 1948 under the title ""Kings of the Olympics"" in a truncated version acquired from Germany by the U.S. Office of Alien Property Custodian and severely edited without Riefenstahl's involvement. In 1955 Riefenstahl agreed to"
"Berlin 36 Berlin 36 is a 2009 German film telling the fate of Jewish track and field athlete Gretel Bergmann in the 1936 Summer Olympics. She was replaced by the Nazi regime by an athlete later discovered to be an intersex man. The film, based on a true story, was released in Germany on September 10, 2009. Reporters at ""Der Spiegel"" challenged the historical basis for many of the events in the film, pointing to arrest records and medical examinations indicating German authorities did not learn Dora Ratjen was male until 1938. The athlete Gretel Bergmann wins the high jump"
"Hitler is the greatest man who ever lived. He truly is without fault, so simple and at the same time possessed of masculine strength"". She arrived in New York City on 4 November 1938, five days before ""Kristallnacht"" (the ""Night of the Broken Glass""). When news of the event reached the United States, Riefenstahl publicly defended Hitler. On 18 November, she was received by Henry Ford in Detroit. ""Olympia"" was shown at the Chicago Engineers Club two days later. Avery Brundage, President of the International Olympic Committee, praised the film and held Riefenstahl in the highest regard. She negotiated with"
"was nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 77th Academy Awards. The scene where Hitler displays rage after Felix Steiner fails to obey his orders has spawned a series of Internet memes, initially prompting Constantin Film to order their takedown due to perceived copyright infringement. In November 1942, at the Wolf's Lair in East Prussia, Chancellor of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler selects Traudl Junge as his personal secretary. Three years later, in April 1945, the Red Army has surrounded Berlin, pushing Germany back. On Hitler's 56th birthday, ""Reichsführer-SS"" Heinrich Himmler tries to persuade him to leave Berlin, but Hitler"
"aided by Greek photographer Nelly's. This material became ""Olympia"", a hugely successful film which has since been widely noted for its technical and aesthetic achievements. ""Olympia"" was secretly funded by the Third Reich. She was one of the first filmmakers to use tracking shots in a documentary, placing a camera on rails to follow the athletes' movement. The film is also noted for its slow motion shots. Riefenstahl played with the idea of slow motion, underwater diving shots, extremely high and low shooting angles, panoramic aerial shots, and tracking system shots for allowing fast action. Many of these shots were"
"wondered why she never got naked in the shower. Being so shy at seventeen, it seemed absurd, but we thought, well, it is bizarre and weird"". Berlin 36 Berlin 36 is a 2009 German film telling the fate of Jewish track and field athlete Gretel Bergmann in the 1936 Summer Olympics. She was replaced by the Nazi regime by an athlete later discovered to be an intersex man. The film, based on a true story, was released in Germany on September 10, 2009. Reporters at ""Der Spiegel"" challenged the historical basis for many of the events in the film, pointing"
"13 Minutes 13 Minutes () is a 2015 German drama film directed by Oliver Hirschbiegel that tells the true story of Georg Elser's failed attempt to assassinate Adolf Hitler in November 1939. The title of the film is drawn from the fact that Elser's bomb detonated in a venue that the Fuhrer had left just 13 minutes before. It was screened out of competition at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival. It was one of eight films shortlisted by Germany to be their submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards, but it"