"""Polly"", ""Achilles"" uses not only tunes from popular music, but also employs melodies from concertante works of Arcangelo Corelli. ""Achilles"" proved popular; the first performance alone brought John Rich over £200, and the opera ran for over a month after its premiere on 10 February 1733. The opera takes place on the isle of Skyros, (called ""Scyros"" in the libretto). Achilles is disguised by his mother the goddess Thetis as Pyrrha, a woman, in an attempt to prevent him going to Troy, where she is convinced he will die. However, he falls in love with Deidamia, the daughter of the"
"mother of Achilles, but there is some evidence that as the sea-goddess she played a more central role in the religious beliefs and practices of Archaic Greece. The pre-modern etymology of her name, from ""tithemi"" (τίθημι), ""to set up, establish,"" suggests a perception among Classical Greeks of an early political role. Walter Burkert considers her name a transformed doublet of Tethys. In ""Iliad"" I, Achilles recalls to his mother her role in defending, and thus legitimizing, the reign of Zeus against an incipient rebellion by three Olympians, each of whom has pre-Olympian roots: You alone of all the gods saved"
"them both from Aegina. Endeïs In Greek mythology, Queen Endeïs (; Ancient Greek: Ενδηίς or Ενδαΐς) was the wife of King Aeacus and mother of the heroes Telamon and Peleus (since Peleus was the father of Achilles, Endeïs was Achilles's grandmother). The name is a dialect variant of Engaios (""Ἐγγαῖος"", ""in the earth""). Endeïs was either the daughter of Chiron and the nymph Chariclo; the daughter of Pandion of Athens; or the daughter of the Megarian warlord Sciron. In some versions, Endeïs's father, Sciron, married her to Aeacus after he declared Sciron the military leader of Megara. Endeïs hated her"
"Achlys Achlys ( ""mist"" or ""darkness"") is an ancient Greek goddess, symbol mist of death; in Greek mythology, according to some ancient cosmogonies, is the eternal Night before Chaos. If Achlys was a daughter of Nyx (Night) then she may have been numbered amongst the Keres. According to Hesiod, Achlys was the personification of misery and sadness, and as such she was represented on the shield of Heracles: pale, emaciated, and weeping, with chattering teeth, swollen knees, long nails on her fingers, bloody cheeks, and her shoulders thickly covered with dust. She may also have been the goddess of deadly"
"were invited to the marriage of Peleus and Thetis (the eventual parents of Achilles). Only Eris, goddess of discord, was not invited. She was annoyed at this, so she arrived with a golden apple inscribed with the word καλλίστῃ (kallistēi, ""for the fairest""), which she threw among the goddesses. Aphrodite, Hera, and Athena all claimed to be the fairest, and thus the rightful owner of the apple. The goddesses chose to place the matter before Zeus, who, not wanting to favor one of the goddesses, put the choice into the hands of Paris, a Trojan prince. After bathing in the"
"Doris (mythology) Doris (; Δωρίς ""bounty""), an Oceanid, was a sea nymph in Greek mythology, whose name represented the bounty of the sea. She was the daughter of Oceanus and Tethys and the wife of Nereus. She was also aunt to Atlas, the Titan who was made to carry the sky upon his shoulders, whose mother Clymene was a sister of Doris. Doris was mother to Nerites and the fifty Nereids, including Thetis, who was the mother of Achilles, and Amphitrite, Poseidon's wife, and mother of Triton. Doris when not associated with a god, was considered the fertility of the"
"from the loins to feet underneath. Achlys Achlys ( ""mist"" or ""darkness"") is an ancient Greek goddess, symbol mist of death; in Greek mythology, according to some ancient cosmogonies, is the eternal Night before Chaos. If Achlys was a daughter of Nyx (Night) then she may have been numbered amongst the Keres. According to Hesiod, Achlys was the personification of misery and sadness, and as such she was represented on the shield of Heracles: pale, emaciated, and weeping, with chattering teeth, swollen knees, long nails on her fingers, bloody cheeks, and her shoulders thickly covered with dust. She may also"
"tomb of Achilles. However, some details in the pictorial evidence of the sacrifice hint at varying and perhaps earlier versions of the myth. For instance, some images appear to show Polyxena sacrificed over an altar, rather than a tomb, and one sarcophagus relief, from Gümüşçay, dated to c. 500 BC shows a tripod placed next to the tomb. These details have been interpreted as indicating an association between the burial mound of Achilles and sacred ground dedicated to Apollo. Polyxena In Greek mythology, Polyxena (; Greek: ) was the youngest daughter of King Priam of Troy and his queen, Hecuba."
"Endeïs In Greek mythology, Queen Endeïs (; Ancient Greek: Ενδηίς or Ενδαΐς) was the wife of King Aeacus and mother of the heroes Telamon and Peleus (since Peleus was the father of Achilles, Endeïs was Achilles's grandmother). The name is a dialect variant of Engaios (""Ἐγγαῖος"", ""in the earth""). Endeïs was either the daughter of Chiron and the nymph Chariclo; the daughter of Pandion of Athens; or the daughter of the Megarian warlord Sciron. In some versions, Endeïs's father, Sciron, married her to Aeacus after he declared Sciron the military leader of Megara. Endeïs hated her stepson Phocus, Aeacus's son"
"nearly drowning Achilles. According to Hesiod, there were also three thousand Oceanids. These included: Metis, Zeus' first wife, whom Zeus impregnated with Athena and then swallowed; Eurynome, Zeus' third wife, and mother of the Charites; Doris, the wife of Nereus and mother of the Nereids; Callirhoe, the wife of Chrysaor and mother of Geryon; Clymene, the wife of Iapetus, and mother of Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus; Perseis, wife of Helios and mother of Circe and Aeetes; Idyia, wife of Aeetes and mother of Medea; and Styx, goddess of the river Styx, and the wife of Pallas and mother of"
"oceans off the Greek coast, would become greater than his father. Possibly for this reasons, Thetis was betrothed to an elderly human king, Peleus son of Aeacus, either upon Zeus' orders, or because she wished to please Hera, who had raised her. All the gods and goddesses as well as various mortals were invited to the marriage of Peleus and Thetis (the eventual parents of Achilles) and brought many gifts. Only Eris, goddess of discord, was not invited and was stopped at the door by Hermes, on Zeus' order. She was annoyed at this, so she threw from the door"
"son of Nestor and a great favourite of Achilles. Achilles then kills Memnon, and Zeus makes Memnon immortal at Eos' request. But in his rage Achilles pursues the Trojans into the very gates of Troy, and at the Scaean Gates he is killed by an arrow shot by Paris, assisted by the god Apollo. Achilles' body is rescued by Ajax and Odysseus. The Greeks hold a funeral for Antilochus. Achilles' mother, the sea nymph Thetis, comes with her sisters and the Muses to lament over Achilles' body. Funeral games are held in honour of Achilles, at which Achilles' armor and"
"held a banquet in celebration of the marriage of Peleus and Thetis (parents of Achilles). However, Eris, goddess of discord was not invited, for it was believed she would have made the party unpleasant for everyone. Angered by this snub, Eris arrived at the celebration with a golden apple from the Garden of the Hesperides, which she threw into the proceedings as a prize of beauty. According to some later versions, upon the apple was the inscription ""καλλίστῃ"" (""kallistēi"", ""To/for the fairest one""). Three goddesses claimed the apple: Hera, Athena and Aphrodite. They asked Zeus to judge which of them"
"in battle or securing a victory in the Olympic Games were considered ""agathos"" (good) and, hence, deserving of ""timê"" (honor). So, not only is Achilles a brave and brilliant warrior but also, from the outset, he is destined to die in battle at Troy with the utmost glory—a guarantor of Arete. Arete was occasionally personified as a goddess, the sister of Homonoia (not to be confused with Harmonia), and the daughter of the goddess of justice, Praxidike. Arete and Homonoia were known jointly as the ""Praxidikai"" (Exacters of Justice). As with many minor Greek deities, there is little or no"
"Artemis Artemis (; Artemis, ), in the ancient Greek religion and myth, is the goddess of the hunt, the wilderness, wild animals and chastity. Artemis is the daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister of Apollo. She was the patron and protector of young girls, and was believed to bring disease upon women and relieve them of it. In later Hellenistic times, she even assumed the role of Eileithyia in aiding women during childbirth. Much like Athena and Hestia, Artemis preferred to remain a maiden and is sworn never to marry. Artemis was one of the most widely"
"Acacallis (mythology) Acacallis (Ancient Greek: Ἀκακαλλίς means ""unwalled"") in Greek mythology, was princess of Crete. The ""Bibliotheca"" calls her Acalle (Greek: Ἀκάλλη). Acacallis was the daughter of Minos, king of Crete, and Pasiphae or Crete. She was the sister Ariadne, Androgeus, Deucalion, Phaedra, Glaucus, Catreus and Xenodice. According to a Cretan mythological tradition, she bore a son to Hermes, Cydon, the founder of Cydonia. Other traditions give Cydon as the offspring of Acacallis and Apollo. Yet others wrote that Acacallis mothered Cydon with Hermes, and Naxos (eponym of the island Naxos) with Apollo. Another tradition relates that Acacallis and Apollo"
"Agdistis Agdistis () was a deity of Greek, Roman and Anatolian mythology, possessing both male and female sexual organs. She is closely associated with the Phrygian goddess Cybele. Her androgyny was seen as symbolic of a wild and uncontrollable nature. It was this trait which was threatening to the gods and ultimately led to her destruction. According to Pausanias, on one occasion Zeus unwittingly begot by the Earth a superhuman being which was at once man and woman, and was called Agdistis. In other versions, there was a rock, called ""Agdo"", on which the Great Mother slept. Zeus impregnated the"
"his brother Poseidon made arrangements for her to marry a human, Peleus, son of Aeacus, but she refused him. Proteus, an early sea-god, advised Peleus to find the sea nymph when she was asleep and bind her tightly to keep her from escaping by changing forms. She did shift shapes, becoming flame, water, a raging lioness, and a serpent. Peleus held fast. Subdued, she then consented to marry him. Thetis is the mother of Achilles by Peleus, who became king of the Myrmidons. According to classical mythology, the wedding of Thetis and Peleus was celebrated on Mount Pelion, outside the"
"Aega (mythology) In Greek mythology, Aega (Greek: ) or Pine or Cynosura or Melissa was, according to Hyginus, a daughter of Olenus, who was a descendant of Hephaestus. Aega and her sister Helice nursed the infant Zeus in Crete, and the former was afterwards changed by the god into the constellation called Capella. According to other traditions mentioned by Hyginus, Aega was a daughter of Melisseus, king of Crete, and was chosen to suckle the infant Zeus; but as she was found unable to do it, the service was performed by the goat Amalthea. Hyginus also reports a tradition that"
"Morpho achilles Morpho achilles, the Achilles morpho, blue-banded morpho or banded blue morpho, is a Neotropical butterfly. The genus name ""Morpho"" comes from the Greek epithet of Aphrodite, goddess of love. Achilles was a Greek hero of the Trojan War, the central character of Homer's ""Iliad"". In ""Morpho achilles"", the dorsal sides of the forewings are black, with two broad vertical bands of brilliant blue. The undersides of the hindwings are olive brownish, with several ocelli formed by blue, yellow, red and red concentric rings. The caterpillars feed on various species of climbing plants (""Dalbergia"", ""Inga"", ""Machaerium"", ""Machaerium aculeatum"", ""Myrocarpus"","
"Achilles was pursued by Apollo during the Trojan War and it was thus that Achilles was killed. Damysus (Giant) Damysus or Damysos (), was the fastest of all the Giants in the Greek mythology. In the sixth book of the ""New History"", ascribed by Photius to Ptolemy Hephaestion, mention that Thetis, the mother of Achilles, burned in a secret place the children she had by Peleus, but when she had Achilles, Peleus noticed and tore him from the flames with only a burnt foot. Then confided him to centaur Chiron. Later Chiron exhumed the body of the Damysus who was"
"to the goat which was believed to have suckled the infant Zeus in Crete. Aega (mythology) In Greek mythology, Aega (Greek: ) or Pine or Cynosura or Melissa was, according to Hyginus, a daughter of Olenus, who was a descendant of Hephaestus. Aega and her sister Helice nursed the infant Zeus in Crete, and the former was afterwards changed by the god into the constellation called Capella. According to other traditions mentioned by Hyginus, Aega was a daughter of Melisseus, king of Crete, and was chosen to suckle the infant Zeus; but as she was found unable to do it,"
"The Shield of Achilles The Shield of Achilles is a poem by W. H. Auden first published in 1952, and the title work of a collection of poems by Auden, published in 1955. It is Auden's response to the detailed description, or ""ekphrasis"", of the shield borne by the hero Achilles in Homer's epic poem the ""Iliad"". Auden's poem is written in two different stanza forms, one form with shorter lines, the other with longer lines. The stanzas with shorter lines describe the making of the shield by the god Hephaestus, and report the scenes that Achilles' mother, the Nereid"
"the greatest of all mortal warriors. After Calchas' prophesy, Thetis hid Achilles in Skyros at the court of King Lycomedes, where he was disguised as a girl. At a crucial point in the war, she assists her son by providing weapons divinely forged by Hephaestus (see below). The most beautiful woman in the world was Helen, one of the daughters of Tyndareus, King of Sparta. Her mother was Leda, who had been either raped or seduced by Zeus in the form of a swan. Accounts differ over which of Leda's four children, two pairs of twins, were fathered by Zeus"
"of the ""Aeneid"" reveals a prophecy for Aeneas by the Sibyl of Cumae stating that a Latin-born Achilles, who is also the son of a goddess (""Aeneid"", Book VI, lines 89–90), exists. There are many scholarly debates on who this Latin-born Achilles is, whether he is Aeneas, Turnus, or some other character, and if so, is the opponent symbolic of another character from the ""Iliad""? If comparing Aeneas to Achilles and Turnus to Hector, several parallels can be drawn. One example is when Aeneas is absent from the battlefield, Turnus lays waste to the Trojan army, just as Hector did"
"Harmonia In Greek mythology, Harmonia (; ) is the immortal goddess of harmony and concord. Her Roman counterpart is Concordia. Her Greek opposite is Eris, whose Roman counterpart is Discordia. There was also a nymph called Harmonia. According to Apollonius of Rhodes, she was a naiad of the Akmonian Wood who was mother of the Amazons. According to one account, she is the daughter of Ares and Aphrodite. By another account, Harmonia was from Samothrace and was the daughter of Zeus and Electra, her brother Iasion being the founder of the mystic rites celebrated on the island. Almost always, Harmonia"
"at Amyklai and at Olympia, upon looking at statues and illustrations where Eos (Hemera) is present. Hemera In Greek mythology Hemera (; ""Day"") was the personification of day and one of the Greek primordial deities. She is the goddess of the daytime and, according to Hesiod, the daughter of Erebus and Nyx (the goddess of night). Hemera is remarked upon in Cicero's ""De Natura Deorum"", where it is logically determined that ""Dies"" (Hemera) must be a god, if Uranus is a god. The poet Bacchylides states that Nyx and Chronos are the parents, but Hyginus in his preface to the"
"the center of Homer's epic ""The Iliad"" and the deciding factor of the Trojan War. He is the son of Peleus and the sea goddess Thetis. Achilles is the self-proclaimed ""aristos Akhaiôn"" or ""best of the Achaeans""; although this title is given to many throughout the ""Iliad"", Achilles is the unparalleled warrior. Known for his godlike strength, ferocious temper and divine rage or ""menis"", Achilles is an example of what a hero should be physically, embodying an animalistic or nature oriented image, as many similes in epic refer to. Often referred to as ""podokes"" or swift footed, or ""godlike Achilles"","
"name from the mythical king Peleus, father of Achilles) was the homeland of Chiron the Centaur, tutor of many ancient Greek heroes, such as Jason, Achilles, Theseus and Heracles. It was in Mount Pelion, near Chiron's cave, that the marriage of Thetis and Peleus took place. The uninvited goddess Eris, to take revenge for having been kept outside the party, brought a golden apple with the inscription ""To the Fairest"". The dispute that then arose between the goddesses Hera, Aphrodite and Athena resulted in events leading to the Trojan War. When the twins Otus and Ephialtes attempted to storm Olympus,"
"beings like Chaos, Nyx, or Ananke. The Charites/Graces were usually considered the daughters of Zeus and Eurynome but they were also said to be daughters of Dionysus and Aphrodite or of Helios and the naiad Aegle. Some accounts say that Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus were born parthenogenetically. According to one version, Athena is said to be born parthenogenetically. Helen was either the daughter of Leda or Nemesis. Tyche is usually considered a daughter of Aphrodite and Hermes. Zeus played a dominant role, presiding over the Greek Olympian pantheon. He fathered many of the heroes and was featured in many of"
"sea creatures. After Ares' death Zeus thanks Diana by informing her that he killed her newfound god Kāne Milohai, used the dead god's heart to create Achilles, and urges Diana to return to the Olympian faith. This causes a reverse reaction and Diana physically strikes Zeus and denounces her Amazon heritage. Zeus then decrees that the Gargareans and the Amazons are to become one people. To head the new nation Hippolyta is to step down from her royal station and be replaced by Achilles. Achilles then takes the rogue Amazon Alkyone as his bride. But unbeknownst to everyone else, Alkyone"
"was present at the birth of Athena and wields the axe with which he split Zeus' head to free her. In the latter account, Hephaestus is there represented as older than Athena, so the mythology of Hephaestus is inconsistent in this respect. In one branch of Greek mythology, Hera ejected Hephaestus from the heavens because he was ""shrivelled of foot"". He fell into the ocean and was raised by Thetis (mother of Achilles and one of the 50 Nereids) and the Oceanid Eurynome. In another account, Hephaestus, attempting to rescue his mother from Zeus' advances, was flung down from the"
"Rhea (mythology) Rhea (; Ancient Greek: Ῥέα ) is a character in Greek mythology, the Titaness daughter of the earth goddess Gaia and the sky god Uranus as well as sister and wife to Cronus. In early traditions, she is known as ""the mother of gods"" and therefore is strongly associated with Gaia and Cybele, who have similar functions. The classical Greeks saw her as the mother of the Olympian gods and goddesses, but not as an Olympian goddess in her own right. The Romans identified her with Magna Mater (their form of Cybele), and the Goddess Ops. Most ancient"