"seen in the pet trade are rough-skinned newts, Kaiser's spotted newts, banded newts and yellow-spotted newts. Newt A newt is a salamander in the subfamily Pleurodelinae, also called eft during its terrestrial juvenile phase. Unlike other members of the family Salamandridae, newts are semiaquatic, alternating between aquatic and terrestrial habitats over the year, sometimes even staying in the water full-time. Not all aquatic salamanders are considered newts, however. More than 100 known species of newts are found in North America, Europe, North Africa and Asia. Newts metamorphose through three distinct developmental life stages: aquatic larva, terrestrial juvenile (eft), and adult."
"subsequent few months, the larvae undergo metamorphosis, during which they develop legs, and the gills are absorbed and replaced by air-breathing lungs. Some species, such as the North American newts, also become more brightly coloured during this phase. Once fully metamorphosised, they leave the water and live a terrestrial life, when they are known as ""efts"". Only when the eft reaches adulthood will the North American species return to live in water, rarely venturing back onto the land. Conversely, most European species live their adult lives on land and only visit water to breed. Many newts produce toxins in their"
"and transforms into the aquatic adult. The adult's skin is a dull olive green dorsally, with a dull yellow belly, but retains the eft's characteristic black-rimmed red spots. It develops a larger, blade-like tail and characteristically slimy skin. It is common for the peninsula newt (""N. v. piaropicola"") to be neotenic, with a larva transforming directly into a sexually mature aquatic adult, never losing its external gills. The red eft stage is in these cases skipped. Eastern newts home using magnetic orientation. Their magnetoreception system seems to be a hybrid of polarity-based inclination and a sun-dependent compass. Shoreward-bound eastern newts"
"moist soil. The eggs then hatch into aquatic larvae, which live in seepages in the soil, or in small streams. However, some species lack a larval stage, with the eggs hatching into juveniles with the same form as the adults, or else lack eggs and give birth to live young. Traditional taxonomy, which is reflected in the ""Scientific Classification"" box in this article, categorizes extant amphibia into three orders: ""Anura"" (frogs and toads), ""Caudata"" (newts and salamanders), and ""Gymnophiona"" (caecilians). However, there is considerable debate among paleontologists and molecular geneticists concerning the phylogenetic relationship between amphibians, and indeed whether ""Amphibia"""
"that normally prohibit late-term abortions. Use of the word ""fetus"" has been banned by the government of the United States from publication in the submission of budget reports by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A fetus is a stage in the prenatal development of viviparous organisms. This stage lies between embryogenesis and birth . Many vertebrates have fetal stages, ranging from most mammals to many fish. In addition, some invertebrates bear live young, including some species of onychophora and many arthropods. The prevalence of convergent evolution to the fetal stage shows that it is relatively easy to develop."
"Amphibian Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. Modern amphibians are all Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to lizards"
"such project is the Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Project that built on existing conservation efforts in Panama to create a country-wide response to the threat of chytridiomycosis. Amphibian Amphibians are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia. Modern amphibians are all Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use"
"in humid, cover-rich land habitats. Newts are threatened by habitat loss, fragmentation and pollution. Several species are endangered, and at least one species, the Yunnan lake newt, has gone extinct recently. The Old English name of the animal was ""efte, efeta"" (of unknown origin), resulting in Middle English ""eft""; this word was transformed irregularly into ""euft"", ""evete"", or ""ewt(e)"". The initial 'n' was added from the indefinite article 'an' by provection (juncture loss) (""an eft"" -> ""a n'eft"" -> ...) by the early 15th century. The form 'newt' appears to have arisen as a dialectal variant of ""eft"" in Staffordshire,"
"depths of adults. ""Epinephelus marginatus"" adults are solitary and territorial, preferring areas with a rocky substrate but both adults and juveniles will enter brackish waters, such as estuaries. Their main food is molluscs, crustaceans and octopii but as they grow larger other fish form an increasingly important part of their diet, with reef fish being preferred. ""E. marginatus"" is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning that all fish begin adult life as females but as they grow larger and older they develop into males. They attain sexual maturity at quite a late age, females begin to breed when they are around five"
"fins. They also possess a swim bladder, and do not dwell on the bottom, instead dispersing from their hatching grounds as plankton. The length of the planktonic stage varies between different types of flatfishes, but eventually they begin to metamorphose into the adult form. One of the eyes migrates across the top of the head and onto the other side of the body, leaving the fish blind on one side. The larva also loses its swim bladder and spines, and sinks to the bottom, laying its blind side on the underlying surface. In 2008, a 50-million-year-old fossil, ""Amphistium"", was identified"
"will orient themselves quite differently under light with wavelengths around 400 nm than light with wavelengths around 600 nm, while homing newts will orient themselves the same way under both short and long wavelengths. Ferromagnetic material, probably biogenic magnetite, is likely present in the eastern newt's body. Eastern newts are at home in both coniferous and deciduous forests. They need a moist environment with either a temporary or permanent body of water, and thrive best in a muddy environment. During the eft stage, they may travel far from their original location. Red efts may often be seen in a forest"
"(this means they do not usually use running water, larger lakes, nor many garden ponds). After metamorphosis into air-breathing juveniles (or ""efts"") at about four months old, they live terrestrial lives until old enough to breed, which is at about two or three years of age. They may disperse at this age as far as 800 m (about 0.5 mi). Both the juvenile newts and the adults (outside the breeding season) live in terrestrial habitats with dense cover, such as scrub, rough grass, and woodland, usually within about 200 m of the breeding pond. They rest during the day beneath"
"Emerita (genus) Emerita is a small genus of decapod crustaceans, known as mole crabs, sand crabs, sand fleas, sand fiddlers or sea cicada. These small animals burrow in the sand in the swash zone and use their antennae for filter feeding. ""Emerita"" has a barrel-shaped body. It has a tough exoskeleton and can hold its appendages close to the body, allowing it to roll in the tidal currents and waves. It has feathery antennae, which are used to filter plankton and detritus from the swash. Males are typically smaller than females, and in some species, such as ""Emerita rathbunae"", the"
"often found in areas encrusted with coralline algae and sometimes grows on the leaves of eelgrass. It cannot tolerate exposure to the drying air and sunlight. The brooding anemone moves around over the substrate to a greater extent than do other anemones. ""Epiactis prolifera"" is a protogynic hermaphrodite. The young all start life as females but when the pedal disc is about two centimetres in diameter, they develop testes on the mesentery and spend the rest of their lives as hermaphrodites. This means that the population consists of a large number of young females and a small number of older"
"Small shelly fauna The small shelly fauna, small shelly fossils (SSF), or early skeletal fossils (ESF) are mineralized fossils, many only a few millimetres long, with a nearly continuous record from the latest stages of the Ediacaran to the end of the Early Cambrian Period. They are very diverse, and there is no formal definition of ""small shelly fauna"" or ""small shelly fossils"". Almost all are from earlier rocks than more familiar fossils such as trilobites. Since most SSFs were preserved by being covered quickly with phosphate and this method of preservation is mainly limited to the Late Ediacaran and"
"'lamb'. it is cognate with the English verb 'yean', bring forth young (usually lambs). The amnion is a feature of the vertebrate clade Amniota, which includes reptiles, birds, and mammals. Amphibians and fish are not amniotes and thus lack the amnion. The amnion stems from the extra-embryonic somatic mesoderm on the outer side and the extra-embryonic ectoderm or trophoblast on the inner side. In the human embryo, the earliest stages of the formation of the amnion have not been observed; in the youngest embryo which has been studied the amnion was already present as a closed sac, and appears in"
"Emuellidae Emuellidae are a small family of trilobites, a group of extinct marine arthropods, that lived during the late Lower Cambrian (late Botomian) of the East Gondwana supercontinent, in what are today South-Australia and Antarctica. Emuellidae can be recognized among trilobites in having a set of unique features. The headshield or cephalon has large genal spines reaching back as far as the 3rd to 6th segment of the thorax. The eye-ridges contact the back of the frontal lobe of the glabella and extend laterally and backwards, roughly parallel to the frontal and lateral rim of the cephalon. There are small,"
"(dragonflies and damselflies). Nymphs of aquatic insects, as in the Odonata, Ephemeroptera, and Plecoptera, are also called naiads, an Ancient Greek name for mythological water nymphs. In older literature, these were sometimes referred to as the heterometabolous insects, as their adult and immature stages live in different environments (terrestrial vs. aquatic). In fly fishing with artificial flies, this stage of aquatic insects is the basis for an entire series of representative patterns for trout. They account for over half of the over all patterns regularly fished in the United States. Nymph (biology) In biology, a nymph is the immature form"
"have orange young. Epiactis lisbethae Epiactis lisbethae, commonly known as Lisbeth's brooding anemone, is a species of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae. It is similar in appearance to the common brooding anemone (""Epiactis prolifera""), and like it is native to shallow waters on the western coast of North America. ""E. lisbethae"" is similar to the more common brooding anemone (""Epiactis prolifera"") but typically is larger, with a column diameter greater than . When contracted, it is dome-shaped, and sand particles do not adhere to the column. Bold striping on the pedal base, which flares out over the rock surface,"
"tail and use this strategy readily. The tail often continues to twitch after separation which may distract the attacker and allow the salamander to escape. Both tails and limbs can be regenerated. Adult frogs are unable to regrow limbs but tadpoles can do so. Amphibians have a juvenile stage and an adult stage, and the circulatory systems of the two are distinct. In the juvenile (or tadpole) stage, the circulation is similar to that of a fish; the two-chambered heart pumps the blood through the gills where it is oxygenated, and is spread around the body and back to the"
"tube feet. Amphibians are found in and around fresh water lakes and ponds, but not in marine environments. Examples are frogs and toads, salamanders, newts and caecilians (which resemble snakes). They are cold-blooded animals that metamorphose from a juvenile water-breathing form, usually to an adult air-breathing form, though mudpuppies retain juvenile gills in adulthood. Female frogs and toads usually spawn gelatinous egg masses containing thousands of eggs in water. Different species lay eggs in distinctive and identifiable ways. For example, the American toad lays long strings of eggs. The eggs are highly vulnerable to predation, so frogs have evolved many"
"Epiactis fernaldi Epiactis fernaldi, commonly known as the Fernald brooding anemone (not to be confused with ""Cribrinopsis fernaldi"", another sympatric species known as Fernald brooding anemone), is a species of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae. It is native to shallow waters around the San Juan Islands off the western coast of North America. The Fernald brooding anemone is usually under in diameter. It varies in colour, with different individuals being dull green, reddish-brown, dark orange or yellowish-brown; sometimes there are contrasting light or dark spots on the column. The bases of the tentacles are usually white and there are"
"Tadpole A tadpole (also called a pollywog) is the larval stage in the life cycle of an amphibian, particularly that of a frog or toad. They are usually wholly aquatic, though some species have tadpoles that are terrestrial. When first hatched from the egg they have a more or less globular body, a laterally compressed tail and internal or external gills. As they grow they undergo metamorphosis, during which process they grow limbs, develop lungs and reabsorb the tail. Most tadpoles are herbivorous and during metamorphosis the mouth and internal organs are rearranged to prepare for an adult carnivorous lifestyle."
"Epiactis prolifera Epiactis prolifera, the brooding, proliferating or small green anemone, is a species of marine invertebrate in the family Actiniidae. It is found in the north-eastern Pacific. It has a feature rare among animals in that all individuals start life as females but develop testes later in their lives to become hermaphrodites. The brooding anemone grows to three centimetres high and up to five centimetres in diameter and varies in colour, usually being greenish-brown but sometimes brown, pink, red or dull green. There are fine white lines starting at the mouth and spreading radially across the oral disc and"
"fully mature and their development and growth stops. Their juveniles are larvae or nymphs. In vertebrates and some invertebrates (e.g. spiders), larval forms (e.g. tadpoles) are usually considered a development stage of their own, and ""juvenile"" refers to a post-larval stage that is not fully grown and not sexually mature. In amniotes and most plants, the embryo represents the larval stage. Here, a ""juvenile"" is an individual in the time between hatching/birth/germination and reaching maturity. Juvenile (organism) A juvenile is an individual organism that has not yet reached its adult form, sexual maturity or size. Juveniles sometimes look very different"
"smallest reptile-like amphibians known, being a mere 20 cm in adult length. The small size has made it a key fossil in the search for the earliest amniote, as amniote eggs are thought to have evolved in very small animals. It shares many features with reptiles and other early amniotes rather than most amphibious tetrapods of its age. These include a lower number of ankle bones, no labyrinthodont infolding of the dentin, the lack of an otic notch, and a generally small skull. Many of these features are also present in lepospondyls. Ruta ""et al."" (2003) interpreted the long body"
"juveniles can also be found. It is speculated that the juveniles leave their mother's back when the resorption of the gill stalks is complete, coinciding with the consumption of all yolk. Juveniles may leave their mother also prematurely, showing residual gill stalks and yolk in their bellies, in response to stress caused by handling or predation. The duration of development and brooding is not known, but is assumed to require about 2–3 months. Breeding seems more frequent during—but not strictly restricted to—the rainy season. Stefania evansi Stefania evansi is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. ""Stefania evansi"" is,"
"Aquatic rat The aquatic rat, Ecuador fish-eating rat, or fish-eating rat (""Anotomys leander"") is a South American species of semiaquatic rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is the only species in the genus ""Anotomys"". The specific name ""leander"" was not explained in the original species description but probably refers to the Greek mythical figure Leander from the story of Hero and Leander. Its diet is thought to actually consist mainly of aquatic arthropods. The species may be nocturnal. The karyotype has been reported to have 2n = 92, but this number apparently actually came from a specimen of ""Ichthyomys pittieri""."
"after a rainstorm. Adults prefer a muddy aquatic habitat, but will move to land during a dry spell. Eastern newts have some amount of toxins in their skin, which is brightly colored to act as a warning. Even then, only 2% of larvae make it to the eft stage. Some larvae have been found in the pitchers of the carnivorous plant ""Sarracenia purpurea"". Eastern newts eat a variety of prey, such as insects, small mollusks and crustaceans, young amphibians, worms, and frog eggs. Although eastern newts are widespread throughout North America, they, like many other species of amphibians are increasingly"
"amphibians that usually live in the water, though a few tadpoles are semi-terrestrial (""Indirana beddomii"" and ""Thoropa miliaris"") and terrestrial (""Indirana semipalmata"" and ""Adenomera andreae""). During the tadpole stage of the amphibian life cycle, most respire by means of autonomous external or internal gills. They do not usually have arms or legs until the transition to adulthood, and typically have a large, flattened tail with which they swim by lateral undulation, similar to most fish. As a tadpole matures, it most commonly metamorphosizes by gradually growing limbs (usually the back legs first, followed by the front legs) and then (most"
"taste is often described as falling somewhere between that of shrimp and crab. ""Emerita"" has a short lifespan, perhaps no more than two to three years, and can reproduce in its first year of life. The eggs are bright orange, and hatch into larvae, which may live as plankton for more than four months and can be carried long distances by ocean currents. The number of zoeal stages varies between species from six to eleven. Emerita (genus) Emerita is a small genus of decapod crustaceans, known as mole crabs, sand crabs, sand fleas, sand fiddlers or sea cicada. These small"
"not larger. This development of larger limbs is required to physically support the organism during emergence from an aquatic setting to land. The humerus and femur of ""Acanthostega"" also contain evidence of greater development of the appendicular muscles compared to more aquatic tetrapods, hinting at the presence of digits. Similarly, ""Ossinodus"" has two hindlimbs located bilaterally and proximodistally aymmetrical. Due to the presence of a small femur during juvenile development, this Carboniferous- period tetrapod is thought to be aquatic during juvenile development; only emerging onto land once it reaches adulthood. ""Ossinodus"" also has a broad, flat tibia, akin to ""Acanthostega"","
"Eel An eel is an aquatic animal belonging to the order Anguilliformes (), which consists of four suborders, 20 families, 111 genera and about 800 species. Eels undergo considerable development from the early larval stage to the eventual adult stage, and most are predators. The term “eel” originally referred to the European eel, and the name of the genus means “European-eel-shaped.” The term “eel” is also used for some other eel-shaped fish, such as electric eels (genus ""Electrophorus""), spiny eels (family Mastacembelidae), and deep-sea spiny eels (family Notacanthidae). These other clades, however, evolved their eellike shapes independently from the true"