"some of his former crew members had not received all their pay from the ""Endurance"" expedition, many of them signed on with their former ""Boss"". When the party arrived in Rio de Janeiro, Shackleton suffered a suspected heart attack. He refused a proper medical examination, so ""Quest"" continued south, and on 4 January 1922, arrived at South Georgia. In the early hours of the next morning, Shackleton summoned the expedition's physician, Alexander Macklin, to his cabin, complaining of back pains and other discomfort. According to Macklin's own account, Macklin told him he had been overdoing things and should try to"
"the addition of a deckhouse. Shackleton was a member of the Royal Yacht Squadron, and so for this voyage ""Quest"" bore the RYS suffix and flew the White Ensign. Sailing from London for the Southern Ocean on 17 September 1921, the ship reached South Georgia on 4 January 1922 while preparing to enter Antarctic waters. The following night Shackleton, the commander of the expedition, died aboard the vessel while she was at anchor in Grytviken. This ended all prospects of the expedition's carrying out its original program of exploring the Antarctic coastline of Enderby Land. Led by Frank Wild, ""Quest"""
"RRS Ernest Shackleton RRS ""Ernest Shackleton"" is a Royal Research Ship operated by the British Antarctic Survey. She is primarily a logistics ship used for the resupply of scientific stations in the Antarctic. Launched in 1995 as MV ""Polar Queen"" for GC Rieber Shipping, she was operated in the Antarctic by other national programmes. The British Antarctic Survey acquired her on a long-term bareboat charter in August 1999 and renamed her RRS ""Ernest Shackleton"" after the Anglo-Irish polar explorer Sir Ernest Shackleton. She replaced RRS ""Bransfield"". Known to users as the Shack, the ship was chartered to Crystal Cruise Line"
"of the Order of the British Empire on 11 November 1919 and awarded the Russian Order of Saint Stanislaus. He resigned his commission on 23 March 1920, retaining the rank of captain. Together with former ""Endurance"" crew members Worsley, Hussey, Wild, McIlroy, Kerr, MacLeod and Charles Green, Shackleton invited Macklin to join him for the Shackleton-Rowett Expedition in 1922 on board the ""Quest"". Shackleton had no fixed plans for the expedition; the ship put in at Rio de Janeiro and then headed for South Georgia. Shackleton was troubled with heart pain throughout the voyage, but despite Macklin's orders refused to"
"History Museum, London suggests the Antarctic Circumpolar Current could preserve the wreck on the seabed by keeping wood-boring ""ship worms"" away. Endurance (1912 ship) Endurance was the three-masted barquentine in which Sir Ernest Shackleton sailed for the Antarctic on the 1914 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. She was launched in 1912 from Sandefjord in Norway and was crushed by ice, causing her to sink three years later in the Weddell Sea off Antarctica. Designed by Ole Aanderud Larsen, ""Endurance"" was built at the Framnæs shipyard in Sandefjord, Norway and fully completed on 17 December 1912. She was built under the supervision of"
"HMS Endurance (1967) HMS ""Endurance"" was a Royal Navy ice patrol vessel that served from 1967 to 1991. She came to public notice when she was involved in the Falklands War of 1982. The final surrender of the war in the South Sandwich Islands, took place aboard ""Endurance"". Grogerwerft of Germany built her in 1956 as ""Anita Dan"" for Lauritzen Lines. The UK government bought her in 1967 and had Harland & Wolff convert her. She was commissioned into the Royal Navy as HMS ""Endurance"", named after the sailing ship ""Endurance"" that took the explorer Ernest Shackleton's expedition to the"
"was employed during the last weeks of the war on special service in Murmansk, with the Army rank of Major. This occupied him until March 1919. He thereafter organised one final Antarctic expedition, the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition on ""Quest"", which left London on 17 September 1921. From the ""Endurance"" crew, Wild, Worsley, Macklin, McIlroy, Hussey, Alexander Kerr, Thomas McLeod and cook Charles Green, all sailed with ""Quest"". Shackleton died of a heart attack on 5 January 1922, while ""Quest"" was anchored at South Georgia. After his death the original programme, which had included an exploration of Enderby Land, was abandoned. Wild"
"the Great Ice Barrier, in order to supply Shackleton's party crossing from the Weddell Sea. All the required depots were laid, but in the process three men, including the leader Mackintosh, lost their lives. Shackleton's last expedition and the one that brought the 'Heroic Age' to a close, was the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition from 1921-1922 on board the ship ""Quest"". Its vaguely defined objectives included coastal mapping, a possible continental circumnavigation, the investigation of sub-Antarctic islands, and oceanographic work. After Shackleton's death on 5 January 1922, ""Quest"" completed a shortened programme before returning home.| After Shackleton's last expedition, there was a"
"year, returning in May/June. After annual refit/drydock, ""Ernest Shackleton"" is chartered out for commercial use in the northern summer. RRS Ernest Shackleton RRS ""Ernest Shackleton"" is a Royal Research Ship operated by the British Antarctic Survey. She is primarily a logistics ship used for the resupply of scientific stations in the Antarctic. Launched in 1995 as MV ""Polar Queen"" for GC Rieber Shipping, she was operated in the Antarctic by other national programmes. The British Antarctic Survey acquired her on a long-term bareboat charter in August 1999 and renamed her RRS ""Ernest Shackleton"" after the Anglo-Irish polar explorer Sir Ernest"
"ships'. He later also took part in World War II as a Royal Navy Reserve Convoy Commodore. Hudson died on 15 June 1942 on convoy HG84 when his ship, the merchant vessel PELAYO, was torpedoed by U552. Hubert Hudson Huberht Tor Hudson (17 September 1886 – 15 June 1942), commonly known as Hubert Hudson instead of by his actual first name (an Old English version of the name), was a navigating officer in the British Royal Navy, who took part in Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition to Antarctica. Hudson joined the expedition whilst a 'mate' within the Royal Navy. He"
"in Chile on 3 September 1916. The ""James Caird"" was returned to England in 1919. In 1921, Shackleton went back to Antarctica, leading the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition. On 5 January 1922, he died suddenly of a heart attack, while the expedition’s ship was moored at South Georgia. Later that year John Quiller Rowett, who had financed this last expedition and was a former schoolfriend of Shackleton’s from Dulwich College, South London, decided to present the ""James Caird"" to the college. It remained there until 1967, although its display building was severely damaged by bombs in 1944. In 1967, thanks to a"
"The ship was broken by the ice on 27 October 1915. The 28 crew members managed to flee to Elephant Island off Antarctica, bringing three small boats with them. Shackleton and five other men managed to reach the southern coast of South Georgia in the ""James Caird"". They arrived at Cave Cove, and camped at Peggotty Bluff, from where they trekked to Stromness on the northeast coast. From Grytviken, Shackleton organised a rescue operation to bring home the remaining men. He again returned to Grytviken, but posthumously. In 1922 he had died unexpectedly from a heart attack at the beginning"
"from the explorers were found but all later died. Franklin had died in 1847 and the remainder had tried to travel south. Robert McClure completed the route in 1850. James Clark Ross surveyed Victoria Land in Antarctica in 1842. The Ross Sea and Ross Island are named after him as is a ship of the British Antarctic Survey. Robert Falcon Scott surveyed the Great Ice Barrier in the Antarctic in 1901-4 in RRS ""Discovery"". He died in 1910 on the journey back from the South Pole. Ernest Shackleton led an expedition to try to cross Antarctica in 1914. His ship"
"Allied intervention in Russia. After the war, Wild went to South Africa where he farmed in British Nyasaland with Francis Bickerton and James McIlroy, two former Antarctic comrades. From 1921 to 1922 Wild was second-in-command of the Shackleton–Rowett Expedition, a poorly equipped expedition with no clear plan, and a small ship, the ""Quest"". Shackleton died of a heart attack on South Georgia during the expedition, and Wild took over command and completed the journey, combating unfavourable weather to Elephant Island and along the Antarctic coast. Frank Wild's younger brother Ernest Wild also went on to become a Royal Naval seaman"
"Voyage of the James Caird The voyage of the ""James Caird"" was a small-boat journey from Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands to South Georgia in the southern Atlantic Ocean, a distance of . Undertaken by Sir Ernest Shackleton and five companions, it aimed to obtain rescue for the main body of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914–1917, which was stranded on Elephant Island after the loss of its ship ""Endurance"". Polar historians regard the voyage as one of the greatest small-boat journeys ever completed. In October 1915 pack ice in the Weddell Sea had sunk ""Endurance"", leaving Shackleton"
"Endurance (1912 ship) Endurance was the three-masted barquentine in which Sir Ernest Shackleton sailed for the Antarctic on the 1914 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. She was launched in 1912 from Sandefjord in Norway and was crushed by ice, causing her to sink three years later in the Weddell Sea off Antarctica. Designed by Ole Aanderud Larsen, ""Endurance"" was built at the Framnæs shipyard in Sandefjord, Norway and fully completed on 17 December 1912. She was built under the supervision of master wood shipbuilder Christian Jacobsen, who was renowned for insisting that all men in his employment were not just skilled shipwrights"
"Ernest Shackleton Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton (; 15 February 1874 – 5 January 1922) was a British polar explorer who led three British expeditions to the Antarctic. He was one of the principal figures of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Born in Kilkea, County Kildare, Ireland (then part of the United Kingdom), Shackleton and his Anglo-Irish family moved to Sydenham in suburban south London when he was ten. His first experience of the polar regions was as third officer on Captain Robert Falcon Scott's Discovery Expedition 1901–1904, from which he was sent home early on"
"Nimrod (ship) Nimrod was the ship Ernest Shackleton used in his 1908 Antarctic Nimrod Expedition for the South Pole. It was a 41-year-old schooner of 334 gross register tons that had been used to hunt seals and whales. Shackleton, who paid £5,000 for the ship, had it re-rigged as a barquentine. It also had an auxiliary steam engine, but had a top speed of only six knots under this power. In addition, the ship was so overloaded with supplies for the expedition that it could not carry enough coal to make passage to the Antarctic from New Zealand, and Shackleton"
"note it will require considerable investment"". The vessel left Portsmouth under tow on her final voyage to the breakers yard in Turkey on the 1 June 2016. ""Endurance"" was named after the ship which Sir Ernest Shackleton used in his Antarctic expedition of 1914-1917. The names of ""Endurance""s boats and landing craft continued the Shackleton connection: ""James Caird"" and ""Dudley Docker"" were named after boats carried by Shackleton's ""Endurance"", ""Nimrod"" was named after the ship which Shackleton used on his Antarctic expedition of 1907-1909, and ""Eddie Shackleton"" was named after the explorer's son. The motto of ""Endurance"", """"fortitudine vincimus"""" (""by"
"a beam of , and depth of hold. The vessel has been variously rated at 209 and 214 gross register tons, possibly due to the 1924 refit described below. ""Quest"" was originally built in Risør, Norway in 1917 as the wooden-hulled sealer ""Foca I"" or ""Foca II"". She was the polar expedition vessel of the Shackleton-Rowett Expedition of 1921-1922. The vessel was renamed ""Quest"" by Lady Emily Shackleton, wife of expedition leader Ernest Shackleton. At the expense of expedition financier John Quiller Rowett, ""Quest"" was refitted for the expedition with modifications overseen by sailing master Frank Worsley, including re-rigging and"
"meteorologist. Worsley was the master of the ""Quest"", but would also be the expedition's hydrographer. The ""Quest"", a two-masted sealing ship sourced from Norway, set sail on 18 September 1921. Problems soon arose; the ship did not sail well and it leaked. There were also problems with the engine. A week was spent in Portugal undergoing repairs, and after crossing the Atlantic, the ""Quest"" spent a month in the docks of Rio de Janeiro. While in Brazil, Shackleton, whose health had been poor for some time, suffered a heart attack. After he declined treatment for his condition, the expedition left"
"Shackleton died. After Shackleton's death, Rowett was instrumental in acquiring the whaleboat ""James Caird"", in which Shackleton had made his famed 1916 open-boat voyage from Elephant Island to South Georgia, and presenting it to Dulwich College. He was a co-founder of the Rowett Research Institute, an animal nutrition research laboratory now part of the University of Aberdeen, and was also a benefactor to hospital charities. On 1 October 1924, believing his business affairs to be on a downturn, Rowett took his own life at age 48. A mountain on Gough Island, a remote volcanic island of the Tristan da Cunha"
"return from the Antarctic, was to be battered to pieces in the North Sea, after running aground on the Barber Sands off the Norfolk coast on 31 January 1919. Only two of her 12-person crew survived. A number of geographic features of Antarctica were named after the ship, including Nimrod Glacier. Nimrod (ship) Nimrod was the ship Ernest Shackleton used in his 1908 Antarctic Nimrod Expedition for the South Pole. It was a 41-year-old schooner of 334 gross register tons that had been used to hunt seals and whales. Shackleton, who paid £5,000 for the ship, had it re-rigged as"
"John Vincent (sailor) John William Vincent (24 January 1884 – 19 January 1941) was an English seaman and member of Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition. He was one of the five men who accompanied Shackleton on his epic crossing from Elephant Island to South Georgia and was one of only four of the crew of ""Endurance"" not to receive the Polar Medal. Vincent was born in Birmingham on 24 January 1884. He became a sailor at the age of 13, and later became a trawlerman working in the North Sea fleet out of Hull. At the time, trawling was one"
"by its poor sailing performance and by frequent engine problems. Before the expedition's work could properly begin, Shackleton died on board the ship, just after its arrival at the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia. The major part of the subsequent attenuated expedition was a three-month cruise to the eastern Antarctic, under the leadership of the party's second-in-command, Frank Wild. The shortcomings of ""Quest"" were soon in evidence: slow speed, heavy fuel consumption, a tendency to roll in heavy seas, and a steady leak. The ship was unable to proceed further than longitude 20°E, well short of its easterly target, and"
"Shackleton placed an advertisement in a newspaper reading: No trace of the supposed advertisement has come to light. Alfred Lansing wrote a book titled """" about the ordeal that Shackleton and his men endured aboard the ship. It became a bestseller when first published in 1959. Two Antarctic patrol ships of the British Royal Navy have been named ""Endurance"" in honour of Shackleton's ship. The first , launched in May 1956 and awarded pennant number A171 sometime later, acted as an ice patrol and hydrographic survey ship until 1986. The second was bought from Norway in 1992 where she was"
"in experiments in the North Sea to intercept Zeppelins on 24 April 1916. ""E22"" carried two Sopwith Schneider seaplane scouts on her casing. The boat would then submerge in calm waters and the planes would float on the surface. They would then take off and then return to the East coast of England at Felixstowe. The trials were not repeated. ""E22"" was torpedoed by the German U-boat off Great Yarmouth in the North Sea on 25 April 1916. There were two survivors, ERA F.S. Buckingham and Signalman William Harrod, taken prisoner by the U-Boat. HMS E22 HMS ""E22"" was a"
"Aeneas Mackintosh Aeneas Lionel Acton Mackintosh (1 July 1879 – 8 May 1916) was a British Merchant Navy officer and Antarctic explorer, who commanded the Ross Sea party as part of Sir Ernest Shackleton's Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1914–17. The Ross Sea party's mission was to support Shackleton's proposed transcontinental march by laying supply depots along the latter stages of the march's intended route. In the face of persistent setbacks and practical difficulties, Mackintosh's party fulfilled its task, although he and two others died in the course of their duties. Mackintosh's first Antarctic experience was as second officer on Shackleton's Nimrod"
"The Endurance: Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic Expedition The Endurance is a 2000 documentary film directed by George Butler about Ernest Shackleton's legendary Antarctic expedition in 1914. ""The Endurance"" was the name of the ship of Shackleton's expedition. After failing to be the first to reach the South pole by only 97 miles in 1909, Shackleton set out to be the first to cross the Antarctic continent via the pole. The expedition met disastrous results when its ship became trapped and ultimately crushed in the ice pack. Shackleton and his 28-man crew endured the long polar winter before ultimately finding rescue following"
"work at the Middlesex Hospital. In March 1921, Shackleton renamed his expedition vessel ""Quest"". She was a small ship, 125 tons according to Huntford, with sail and auxiliary engine power purportedly capable of making eight knots, but in fact rarely making more than five-and-a-half. Huntford describes her as ""straight-stemmed"", with an awkward square rig, and a tendency to wallow in heavy seas. Fisher reports that she was built in 1917, weighed 204 tons, and had a large and spacious deck. Although she had some modern facilities, such as electric lights in the cabins, she was unsuited to long oceanic voyages;"
"Chile as captain of the steam tug ""Yelcho"". During the ill-fated Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, Sir Ernest Shackleton's ship ""Endurance"" became trapped in the ice of the Weddell Sea, in January 1915. Nine months later the ""Endurance"" was crushed by the ice and sank on 27 October 1915. Shackleton and his crew of 27 made their way by foot, sledge and lifeboats to Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula facing South America. On 24 April 1916 Shackleton and five of his men began an epic 800-mile open-boat voyage to the Island of"
"Luis Pardo Luis Antonio Pardo Villalón (born Santiago, Chile, 20 September 1882—died Santiago, 21 February 1935) was the captain of the Chilean naval steam tug ""Yelcho"" which rescued the 22 stranded crewmen of Sir Ernest Shackleton's ship ""Endurance"" from Elephant Island, Antarctica, in August 1916. In Chile he is frequently referred to by his rank, ""Piloto Pardo"". Captain Pardo entered the Chilean Naval Pilot's School in July 1900, and joined the Chilean Navy as a Pilot 3rd Class in June 1906. He was promoted to Pilot 2nd class in September 1910, and assigned to the Magallanes Naval Base in southern"
"Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage Endurance: Shackleton's Incredible Voyage is a bestselling book written by Alfred Lansing. It was first published in 1959. The book recounts the failure of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition led by Sir Ernest Shackleton in its attempt to cross the Antarctic continent in 1914 and the subsequent struggle for survival endured by the twenty-eight man crew for almost two years. The book's title refers to the ship Shackleton used for the expedition, the ""Endurance"". The ship was beset and eventually crushed by ice floes in the Weddell Sea leaving the men stranded on the pack ice. All"