"Heath fritillary The heath fritillary (""Melitaea athalia"") is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found throughout the Palaearctic from western Europe to Japan, in heathland, grassland, and in coppiced woodland. Its association with coppiced woodland earned it the name ""woodman's follower"" in parts of the UK. It is considered a threatened species in the UK and Germany, but not Europe-wide or globally. Heath fritillaries have a wingspan of 39–47 mm. The upperside is predominantly dark brown and orange brown, with the orange-brown spots delineated by dark brown (along and across the wing veins); there is a white fringe"
"Fritillaria Fritillaria (fritillaries) is a genus of spring flowering herbaceous bulbous perennial plants in the lily family (Liliaceae). The type species, ""Fritillaria meleagris"", was first described in Europe in 1571, while other species from the Middle East and Asia were also introduced to Europe at that time. The genus has about 130–140 species divided among eight subgenera. The flowers are usually solitary, nodding and bell-shaped with bulbs that have fleshy scales, resembling those of lilies. They are known for their very large genome size and genetically are very closely related to lilies. They are native to the temperate regions of"
"has six thick tepals one to two centimeters long. They are yellow to purple and densely mottled. The fruits are winged. Fritillaria glauca Fritillaria glauca is a species of fritillary known by the common names Siskiyou fritillary and Siskiyou missionbells. It is native to northern California (as far south as Lake County) and southern Oregon (as far north as Lane County), where it is found in the serpentine talus on the slopes of the local mountains. This uncommon wildflower grows a short stem reaching 5 to 20 centimeters tall and surrounded by two to four thick, sickle-shaped leaves. It is"
"Speyeria mormonia ""Speyeria mormonia,"" commonly known as the Mormon Fritillary, is a North American butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is highly diverse, having differentiated into several subspecies which occupy a wide geographic range. ""S. mormonia"" exhibits extreme protandry, which is the emergence of male adults before female adults. This has several consequences on male and female behavior. Habitat specificity is still being investigated, as there are few known environmental predictors, and ""S. mormonia"" appears to be associated with a wide range of habitats. This species is not under threat, and conservation efforts are generally not necessary. ""S. mormonia"""
"be more mobile than females, as they fly close to the ground to search for mates. Flight period shows a close dependency on weather patterns, with a lack of rainfall correlating to shorter flight periods. Speyeria mormonia ""Speyeria mormonia,"" commonly known as the Mormon Fritillary, is a North American butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is highly diverse, having differentiated into several subspecies which occupy a wide geographic range. ""S. mormonia"" exhibits extreme protandry, which is the emergence of male adults before female adults. This has several consequences on male and female behavior. Habitat specificity is still being investigated,"
"the Northern hemisphere, from the Mediterranean and North Africa through Eurasia and southwest Asia to western North America. Many are endangered due to enthusiastic picking. The name ""Fritillaria"" is thought to refer to the checkered pattern of ""F. meleagris"", resembling a box in which dice were carried. Fritillaries are commercially important in horticulture as ornamental garden plants and also in traditional Chinese medicine, which is also endangering a number of species. ""Fritillaria"" flowers have been popular subjects for artists to depict and as emblems of regions and organisations. ""Fritillaria"" is a genus of herbaceous bulbous perennials. It is characterised by"
"of Ishikawa Prefecture and Obihiro City in Japan. Its Japanese name is ""kuroyuri"" (クロユリ), meaning ""dark lily"". ""Fritillaria montana"" is the floral emblem of Giardino Botanico Alpino di Pietra Corva, a botanical garden in Italy. Fritillaria Fritillaria (fritillaries) is a genus of spring flowering herbaceous bulbous perennial plants in the lily family (Liliaceae). The type species, ""Fritillaria meleagris"", was first described in Europe in 1571, while other species from the Middle East and Asia were also introduced to Europe at that time. The genus has about 130–140 species divided among eight subgenera. The flowers are usually solitary, nodding and bell-shaped"
"contrasting colors and chose subjects that he enjoyed, such as painting still lifes. Fritillary is a bulb that flowers in the spring with between three and ten flowers for each bulb. Imperial fritillaries, with an orange-red flower, were grown in French and Dutch gardens at the end of the 19th century. The Gladiolus, plural Gladioli, was one of Van Gogh's favorite flower. He especially enjoyed how they opened up like a fan after having been placed in a vase. Because of their height, Van Gogh liked to use Gladioli to create triangular-structured compositions, such as ""Vase with Gladioli and Carnation"""
"inflorescence of one or nodding bell-shaped flowers. Each flower has 6 tepals one to two centimeters long which are pale to very dark greenish. Fritillaria viridea Fritillaria viridea is a rare species of flowering plant in the lily family known by the common name San Benito fritillary. It is endemic to the Central Coast Ranges of California, where it is an uncommon member of the chaparral and serpentine soils flora. There are confirmed records of this species from San Benito and Monterey Counties plus unconfirmed reports from Fresno and San Luis Obispo Counties. This bulbous perennial herb produces an erect"
"Fritillaria glauca Fritillaria glauca is a species of fritillary known by the common names Siskiyou fritillary and Siskiyou missionbells. It is native to northern California (as far south as Lake County) and southern Oregon (as far north as Lane County), where it is found in the serpentine talus on the slopes of the local mountains. This uncommon wildflower grows a short stem reaching 5 to 20 centimeters tall and surrounded by two to four thick, sickle-shaped leaves. It is sometimes stunted-looking with a curled or warped stem; it often grows in exposed mountainous areas. The lily flower is nodding and"
"Fritillaria liliacea Fritillaria liliacea, commonly known as fragrant fritillary, is a threatened perennial herb in the lily family. It is native to the region surrounding San Francisco Bay in California. The bell-shaped white flowers have greenish stripes and are set on a nodding pedicel of about 37 centimeters in height. The blossoms are odorless to faintly fragrant. ""Fritillia liliacea"" prefers heavy soils including clays; for example, andesitic and basaltic soils derived from the Sonoma Volcanic soil layers are suitable substrate for this species. The range of this wildflower is over parts of southwestern Northern California, United States, especially Solano and"
"Fragilaria Fragilaria is a genus of freshwater and saltwater diatoms. It is usually a colonial diatom, forming filaments of cells mechanically joined by protrusions on the face and in the center of their valves. The individual diatoms appear swollen in their centers where they are joined to the colonial ribbon. the genus grows as both plankton and benthic species, free living in colonies or epiphytic. Some species are bloom forming diatoms in eutrophic lakes. The type species is ""Fragilaria pectinalis"" Lyngbye from designating a lectotype from ""Conferva pectinalis"" O.F.Müller. The taxonomy of the genus is still uncertain. The ""Fragilaria"" have"
"the Loire meadows in 1570, he wrote to Carolus Clusius, describing it, and saying that it was known locally as Fritillaria because the checkered pattern on the flower resembled the board on which checkers was played (""Dames"" in French). Clusius believed this to be an error, in that ""Fritillus"" is actually the Latin name for the box in which the dice used in the game were kept, not the board itself. Some North American species are called ""mission bells"". ""Fritillaria"" are distributed in most temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, from western North America, through Europe, the Mediterranean, Middle East"
"Fritillaria viridea Fritillaria viridea is a rare species of flowering plant in the lily family known by the common name San Benito fritillary. It is endemic to the Central Coast Ranges of California, where it is an uncommon member of the chaparral and serpentine soils flora. There are confirmed records of this species from San Benito and Monterey Counties plus unconfirmed reports from Fresno and San Luis Obispo Counties. This bulbous perennial herb produces an erect stem 30 to 65 centimeters tall surrounded by several lance-shaped leaves up to 10 centimeters long. The smooth stem is topped with a raceme"
"Fritillaria meleagris Fritillaria meleagris is a Eurasian species of flowering plant in the lily family. Its common names include snake's head fritillary, snake's head (the original English name), chess flower, frog-cup, guinea-hen flower, guinea flower, leper lily (because its shape resembled the bell once carried by lepers), Lazarus bell, chequered lily, chequered daffodil, drooping tulip or, in northern Europe, simply fritillary. The name ""Fritillaria"" comes from the Latin ""fritillus"" meaning dice-box, possibly referring to the chequered pattern on the flowers although this derivation has been disputed. The name ""meleagris"" means ""spotted like a guineafowl"". The common name ""snake's head"" probably"
"his paintings, as well as ""F. persica"". In Britain, ""F. imperialis"" was first seen in the London garden of James Nasmyth, surgeon to King James I in April 1605. The majority of species are spring-flowering. Lily beetles (scarlet lily beetle, ""Lilioceris lilii"" and ""Lilioceris chodjaii"") feed on fritillaries, and may become a pest where these plants are grown in gardens or commercially. A number of species of Fritillaria are endangered, from over-harvesting, habitat fragmentation, over-grazing and international demand for herbals. These include many species in Greece, and ""Fritillaria gentneri"" in the pacific Northwest of North America. In Japan, five of"
"to two centimeters long which are greenish outside and yellow mottled with purple-brown inside. Fritillaria falcata Fritillaria falcata is a species of fritillary known by the common name talus fritillary. It is endemic to California, known only from 5 counties south and east of San Francisco Bay (Monterey, San Benito, Stanislaus, Alameda and Santa Clara). It grows in the Coast Ranges at elevations of 300–1200 m, mostly on serpentine talus. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of ""Fritillaria atropurpurea"". ""Fritillaria falcata"" grows a short stem about 10 to 20 centimeters tall surrounded by two to six flat, sickle-shaped leaves up"
"plants. In May – which gives them their German name “Maivogel” (Lit. May bird) – the fully grown caterpillars pupate. The Fritillary butterfly is threatened by extinction and is one of Germany’s most endangered species of butterflies. On the IUCN Red List they are marked as “critically endangered” whereas in Austria they are marked one rank below as “endangered”. They are also marked in sections II and IV of the FHH guidelines (Habitats Directive; Lit. Fauna-Flora-Habitat-Guideline). The decline of the species is accounted to the loss of their habitats because of forestry, the draining of wetlands and the agricultural use"
"or marks and pink tinting. Fritillaria purdyi Fritillaria purdyi, known by the common name Purdy's fritillary, is a rare species of flowering plant in the lily family. It is endemic to northwestern California, from San Francisco Bay north, where it grows in the serpentine soils of the coastal and inland California Coast Ranges. ""Fritillaria purdyi"" is a bulb-forming perennial herb with an erect stem 10 to 40 centimeters tall. Leaves are ovate, up to 10 centimeters long. The smooth stem is topped with a raceme inflorescence of one or more cup- or bell-shaped flowers. Each flower has 6 white tepals"
"Fritillaria purdyi Fritillaria purdyi, known by the common name Purdy's fritillary, is a rare species of flowering plant in the lily family. It is endemic to northwestern California, from San Francisco Bay north, where it grows in the serpentine soils of the coastal and inland California Coast Ranges. ""Fritillaria purdyi"" is a bulb-forming perennial herb with an erect stem 10 to 40 centimeters tall. Leaves are ovate, up to 10 centimeters long. The smooth stem is topped with a raceme inflorescence of one or more cup- or bell-shaped flowers. Each flower has 6 white tepals heavily shaded with brownish-purple streaks"
"Fritillaria camschatcensis Fritillaria camschatcensis is a species of fritillary native to northeastern Asia and northwestern North America, including northern Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Alaska, northern Japan, and the Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands). It has many common names, typically Kamchatka fritillary or Kamchatka lily. It is also called rice lily, northern rice-root, or (misleadingly) ""Indian rice"" or ""wild rice"", because of the rice-like bulblets that form around its roots. It is also sometimes known as skunk lily, dirty diaper and outhouse lily because of the flower's unpleasant smell. Yet another vernacular name"
"Euptoieta claudia Euptoieta claudia, the variegated fritillary, is a North and South American butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. Even though the variegated fritillary has some very different characteristics from the ""Speyeria"" fritillaries, it is still closely related to them. Some of the differences are: variegated fritillaries have two or three broods per year vs. one per year in ""Speyeria""; they are nomadic vs. sedentary; and they use a wide range of host plants vs. just violets. And because of their use of passionflowers as a host plant, variegated fritillaries also have taxonomic links to the heliconians. Their flight is low"
"two centimeters long which are yellowish or cream colored with heavy dark purple-brown mottling. The center of the flower has a central style surrounded by stamens with very large yellow anthers. This species is similar to ""Fritillaria pinetorum"", but it has nodding flowers compared with the latter's erect blooms. Fritillaria atropurpurea Fritillaria atropurpurea is a species of fritillary known by several common names, including spotted fritillary, purple fritillary, spotted mountainbells, and spotted missionbells. ""Fritillaria atropurpurea"" is native to the Western United States, where it is often found beneath trees in moldy leaf litter at elevations of 1000–3200 m. This species"
"Fritillaria falcata Fritillaria falcata is a species of fritillary known by the common name talus fritillary. It is endemic to California, known only from 5 counties south and east of San Francisco Bay (Monterey, San Benito, Stanislaus, Alameda and Santa Clara). It grows in the Coast Ranges at elevations of 300–1200 m, mostly on serpentine talus. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of ""Fritillaria atropurpurea"". ""Fritillaria falcata"" grows a short stem about 10 to 20 centimeters tall surrounded by two to six flat, sickle-shaped leaves up to about 8 centimeters in length. The erect, star-shaped flower has six tepals one"
"Fritillaria japonica Fritillari japonica is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant, endemic to Japan. It is a species in the genus ""Fritillaria"", in the Liliaceae family. It is placed in the subgenus ""Japonica"". ""F. japonica"" is characterised by the presence of a distinctly divided style, having smooth tepal margins and nectaries and white anthers. The flower is campanulate. Bulb c. 1 cm, stem 6–12 cm in height. Leaves lanceolate, about 6 cm in length. The lower leaves are opposite, the upper in a whorl of three. Flowers single, broad, campanulate, white with brown marking, unscented. Tepals 1.5–2 cm in length, nectaries"
"to pinkish markings on the outer surface and purple-brown on the inner surface. The nectaries inside the flower are long and prominent. The flower has an unpleasant odor. Fritillaria agrestis Fritillaria agrestis is a species of fritillary known by the common name stinkbells. It is endemic to California, where it is found in scattered populations from Mendocino County and Butte County to Ventura County. It grows in heavy soils, particularly clay. It is not common. ""Fritillaria agrestis"" grows an erect stem reaching about half a meter in height with a clump of 5 to 12 long, narrow leaves clustered around"
"mixture of different coloured cultivars. The species and the pure white-flowered variety ""F. meleagris"" var. ""unicolor"" subvar. ""alba"" have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Like many plants in the lily family, ""F. meleagris"" is susceptible to the scarlet lily beetle, which can seriously damage or kill it. Fritillaria meleagris Fritillaria meleagris is a Eurasian species of flowering plant in the lily family. Its common names include snake's head fritillary, snake's head (the original English name), chess flower, frog-cup, guinea-hen flower, guinea flower, leper lily (because its shape resembled the bell once carried by lepers), Lazarus bell,"
"the Indigenous peoples of the region. In 2012 there was a small movement to revive the use of plant in British Columbia by West Coast First Nations. Fritillaria camschatcensis Fritillaria camschatcensis is a species of fritillary native to northeastern Asia and northwestern North America, including northern Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, Alaska, northern Japan, and the Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands). It has many common names, typically Kamchatka fritillary or Kamchatka lily. It is also called rice lily, northern rice-root, or (misleadingly) ""Indian rice"" or ""wild rice"", because of the rice-like bulblets that"
"Fritillaria micrantha Fritillaria micrantha, known by the common names brown fritillary and brown bells, is a California species of fritillary in the lily family. ""Fritillaria micrantha"" grows an erect stem reaching heights between one half and one meter. The long, straight, very narrow leaves grow in whorls about the lower stem and in pairs near the top. The stem has one or more nodding flowers at each node. The flower has six narrow tepals are each one or two centimeters long. They are variable in appearance but are usually purplish to greenish-yellow and often mottled or edged with color. The"
"Fritillaria assyriaca Fritillaria assyriaca is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant occurring in a region stretching from Turkey to Iran. It is a species in the genus ""Fritillaria"", in the Liliaceae family. It is placed in the subgenus ""Fritillaria"". ""F. assyriaca"" is one of the more variable ""Fritillaria"" species. Flowers are 1–2, occasionally 5, narrow and campanulate tubular, perianth segments variable usually greenish or dusky reddish or purplish brown with green fascia, occasionally striped, yellowish inside. and sometimes reflexed (recurved) towards the tip. The outer segments measure 1525×4–5 mm and are narrowly oblong. The inner segments measuring 5–10 mm in width"
"Viviparous brotula The viviparous brotulas form a family, the Bythitidae, of ophidiiform fishes. They are known as viviparous brotulas as they generally bear live young, although there are indications that some species (at least ""Didymothallus criniceps"") do not. They are generally infrequently seen, somewhat tadpole-like in overall shape and mostly about in length, but some species grow far larger and may surpass . Although many live near the coast in tropical or subtropical oceans, there are also species in deep water and cold oceans, for example ""Bythites"". ""Thermichthys hollisi"", which lives at depths of around , is associated with thermal"
"fritillary was known only from the Isle of Wight and the coast of Kent between Folkestone and Sandwich. It became extinct in Kent by the mid-1860s. ""Melitaea cinxia"" has a wingspan of about . These medium-sized butterflies have orange, black and white ""checkerspot"" forewings. On the upperside of the hindwings they have a row of black dots. The hindwings have white and orange bands and a series of black dots inside them, also clearly visible on the reverse. Females are usually more dull than males with more developed black dots. Caterpillars are about 25 mm long with a reddish-brown head"
"Larvacea Larvaceans (Class Appendicularia) are solitary, free-swimming tunicates found throughout the world's oceans. Like most tunicates, appendicularians are filter feeders. Unlike most other tunicates, they live in the pelagic zone, specifically in the upper sunlit portion of the ocean (photic zone) or sometimes deeper. They are transparent planktonic animals, generally less than in body length (excluding the tail). The appendicularian body shape resembles that of the tadpole-like larvae of most tunicates. Like a common tunicate larva, the adult appendicularian form has a discrete trunk and tail. Evolution by retaining juvenile traits as an adult is known as neoteny. Like most"