"horse can be measured with shoes on or off. In the United Kingdom, official measurement of horses is overseen by the Joint Measurement Board (JMB). For JMB purposes, the shoes must be removed and the hooves correctly prepared for shoeing prior to measurement. Hand (unit) The hand is a non-SI unit of measurement of length standardized to . It is used to measure the height of horses in some English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States. It was originally based on the breadth of a human hand. The adoption of the"
"to measure the height of horses, ponies, and other equines. It is used in the U.S., and also in some other nations that use the metric system, such as Canada, Ireland and the UK. In other parts of the world, including continental Europe, and in FEI-regulated international competition, horses are measured in metric units, usually metres or centimetres. In South Africa, measurements may be given in both hands and centimetres, while in Australia, the equestrian regulations stipulate that both measurements are to be given. In those countries where hands are the usual unit for measuring horse height, inches rather than"
"Horse length A horse length, or simply length, is a unit of measurement for the length of a horse from nose to tail, approximately . The length is commonly used in Thoroughbred horse racing, where it describes the distance between horses in a race. Horses may be described as winning by several lengths, as in the notable example of Secretariat, who won the Belmont Stakes by 31 lengths (). More often, winning distances are merely a fraction of a length, such as half a length. In British horse racing the distances between horses are calculated by converting the time between"
"stated in units of hands and inches: one hand is equal to . The height is expressed as the number of full hands, followed by a point, then the number of additional inches, and ending with the abbreviation ""h"" or ""hh"" (for ""hands high""). Thus, a horse described as ""15.2 h"" is 15 hands plus 2 inches, for a total of in height. The size of horses varies by breed, but also is influenced by nutrition. Light riding horses usually range in height from and can weigh from . Larger riding horses usually start at about and often are as"
"hands are commonly used in the measurement of miniature horses, miniature ponies, miniature mules, donkeys, and Shetland ponies. A horse is measured from the ground to the top of the highest non-variable point of the skeleton, the withers. For official measurement, the spinous process of the fifth thoracic vertebra may be identified by palpation, and marked if necessary. Miniature horses, but not miniature ponies, are measured at the base of the last true hairs of the mane rather than at the withers. For international competition regulated by the Fédération Équestre Internationale (FEI) and for USEF competition in the US, a"
"during group riding instruction or at a horse show. In reporting result of horse races winning margins are commonly abbreviated: Horse length A horse length, or simply length, is a unit of measurement for the length of a horse from nose to tail, approximately . The length is commonly used in Thoroughbred horse racing, where it describes the distance between horses in a race. Horses may be described as winning by several lengths, as in the notable example of Secretariat, who won the Belmont Stakes by 31 lengths (). More often, winning distances are merely a fraction of a length,"
"is . The International Federation for Equestrian Sports, the world governing body for horse sport, uses metric measurements and defines a pony as being any horse measuring less than at the withers without shoes, which is just over 14.2 h, and , or just over 14.2 h, with shoes. Height is not the sole criterion for distinguishing horses from ponies. Breed registries for horses that typically produce individuals both under and over 14.2 h consider all animals of that breed to be horses regardless of their height. Conversely, some pony breeds may have features in common with horses, and individual"
"move relative to the ground as the horse's head does, the withers are used as the measuring point for the height of a horse. Horses are commonly measured in hands – one hand is . Horse heights are extremely variable, from small pony breeds to large draft breeds. The height at the withers of an average thoroughbred is , and ponies are up to . The withers of the horse are considered in evaluating conformation. Generally, a horse should have well-defined withers, as they are considered an important attachment point for the muscles of the torso. Withers of medium height"
"divided by four, then the remainder is added after the radix point. Thus, a horse that measures 60 inches is 15 hands high (15 x 4 = 60) and a horse halfway between 15 and 16 hands is 15.2 hands, or 62 inches tall (15 x 4 + 2 = 62) Because the subdivision of a hand is a base 4 system, a horse 64 inches high is 16.0 hands high, not 15.4. A designation of ""15.5 hands"" is not halfway between 15 and 16 hands, but rather reads 15 hands and five inches, an impossibility in a base 4"
"Hand (unit) The hand is a non-SI unit of measurement of length standardized to . It is used to measure the height of horses in some English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, the United Kingdom and the United States. It was originally based on the breadth of a human hand. The adoption of the international inch in 1959 allowed for a standardized imperial form and a metric conversion. It may be abbreviated to ""h"" or ""hh"". Although measurements between whole hands are usually expressed in what appears to be decimal format, the subdivision of the hand is"
"based on pedigree and phenotype, no matter its height. Some full-sized horses may be called ponies for various reasons of tradition or as a term of endearment. For many forms of competition, the official definition of a pony is a horse that measures less than at the withers. Horses are 14.2 or taller. The International Federation for Equestrian Sports defines the official cutoff point at (just over 14.2 h) without shoes and (just over 14.2-1/2 h) with shoes, though allows a margin for competition measurement of up to (14.3 h) without shoes, or (just under 14.3-1/2 h) with shoes. However,"
"inches for the handsbreadth; Mortimer gives the same, three inches for the Hand's-breadth, and four for the ""Handful, or simply, Hand"", but adds ""The hand among horse-dealers, &c. is four-fingers' breadth, being the fist clenched, whereby the height of a horse is measured"", thus equating ""hand"" with both the palm and the fist. Similarly, Wright's 1831 translation of Buffon mentions ""A hand breadth (palmus), the breadth of the four fingers of the hand, or three inches"", but the ""Encyclopædia Perthensis"" of 1816 gives under Palm (4): ""A hand, or measure of lengths comprising three inches"". Today the hand is used"
"were changed to metric. Goods in shops are labelled in metric units. In 2006 it became apparent that the 2009 cut-off for the use of Imperial supplementary units could cause problems in US-EU trade. After consultation, EU Directive 2009/3/EC of 11 March 2009, among other measures, permitted: These amendments were published on 7 May 2009 and became effective on 1 January 2010. Horse racing in Ireland continues to use stones, pounds, miles and furlongs as measurements. Metrication in Ireland Ireland inherited the imperial system of measurement from the United Kingdom, and these units continued to be used after Irish independence."
"most practical measurements. Furlong A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and U.S. customary units equal to one eighth of a mile, equivalent to 660 feet, 220 yards, 40 rods, or 10 chains. Using the international definition of the inch as exactly 25.4 millimetres, one furlong is 201.168 metres. However, the United States does not uniformly use this conversion ratio. Older ratios are in use for surveying purposes in some states, leading to variations in the length of the furlong of two parts per million, or about 0.4 millimetres ( inch). This variation is too small to"
"Furlong A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and U.S. customary units equal to one eighth of a mile, equivalent to 660 feet, 220 yards, 40 rods, or 10 chains. Using the international definition of the inch as exactly 25.4 millimetres, one furlong is 201.168 metres. However, the United States does not uniformly use this conversion ratio. Older ratios are in use for surveying purposes in some states, leading to variations in the length of the furlong of two parts per million, or about 0.4 millimetres ( inch). This variation is too small to have practical consequences"
"over preferred the imperial system. The height of horses in some English-speaking countries, including Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States is usually measured in hands, standardized to 4 inches (101.6 mm). Fuel consumption for vehicles is commonly stated in miles per gallon, though official figures always include litres per 100 km equivalents. When sold draught in licensed premises, beer and cider must be sold in pints and half-pints. Cow's milk is available in both litre- and pint-based containers in supermarkets and shops. Areas of land associated with farming, forestry and real estate are commonly advertised in acres"
"withers about two inches behind the horse's shoulder blade, then shaped to fit across the withers. The shape is then traced onto heavy paper or cardboard. An average horse can be fitted with just this measurement by comparing the angle of the wither tracing to the angle of the piping at the front arch of the saddle. However, horses with an unusual shape are measured in three locations, the second measurement approximately two inches behind the first one, and the last measurement nine inches behind the withers. Often for accurate measurements, a professional saddle fitter may need to be consulted."
"Horsepower Horsepower (hp) is a unit of measurement of power (the rate at which work is done). There are many different standards and types of horsepower. Two common definitions being used today are the mechanical horsepower (or imperial horsepower), which is about 745.7 watts, and the metric horsepower, which is approximately 735.5 watts. The term was adopted in the late 18th century by Scottish engineer James Watt to compare the output of steam engines with the power of draft horses. It was later expanded to include the output power of other types of piston engines, as well as turbines, electric"
"spine is the general; it should be strong. The belly and chest are the city walls; they should be extended. The four legs are the local officials; they should be long. … In judging a horse one begins with the head. The head should be high and erect; it should look as if it were shaved. The head should be heavy, and it is good that there be little flesh, like the skinned head of a rabbit. (56, tr. Harrist 1997:138-9) The Chinese historically used bronze scale models of horses as hippology reference guides to the ideal horse (Harrist 1997:149-150)."
"Withers The withers is the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal, typically a quadruped. In many species it is the tallest point of the body, and in horses and dogs it is the standard place to measure the animal's height. In contrast, cattle are normally measured to the top of the hips. The withers in horses are formed by the dorsal spinal processes of roughly the 3rd through 11th thoracic vertebrae (most horses have 18 thoracic vertebrae), which are unusually long in this area. The processes at the withers can be more than long. Since they do not"
"maps at 1:50000 scale. Personally seen on the Punjab but assumed to be used in the whole of India. ""Conversion"" 1 Inch = Span of 6 Barley corns side by side by thickness, although barleycorns are not a reliable standard of measurement.<br> 1 Inch = 2.54 centimetres<br> 1 Foot = 30.48 cm<br> 1 Yard = 0.914 metre<br> 1 Mile = 1.61 Kilometre 1 coss= 2000 yards Indian units of measurement Before the introduction of the Metric system, one may divide the history of Indian systems of measurement into three main periods: the pre-Akbar's period, the period of the Akbar system,"
"very low withers, making it far more difficult for a saddle to stay in place. Withers The withers is the ridge between the shoulder blades of an animal, typically a quadruped. In many species it is the tallest point of the body, and in horses and dogs it is the standard place to measure the animal's height. In contrast, cattle are normally measured to the top of the hips. The withers in horses are formed by the dorsal spinal processes of roughly the 3rd through 11th thoracic vertebrae (most horses have 18 thoracic vertebrae), which are unusually long in this"
"on the basis of height, especially for competition purposes. However, height alone is not dispositive; the difference between horses and ponies may also include aspects of phenotype, including conformation and temperament. The traditional standard for height of a horse or a pony at maturity is . An animal 14.2 h or over is usually considered to be a horse and one less than 14.2 h a pony, but there are many exceptions to the traditional standard. In Australia, ponies are considered to be those under . For competition in the Western division of the United States Equestrian Federation, the cutoff"
"Hobbit (unit) The hobbit (also hobbett, hobbet, or hobed, from ) is a unit of volume or weight formerly used in Wales for trade in grain and other staples. It was equal to four pecks or two and a half bushels, but was also often used as a unit of weight, which varied depending on the material being measured. The hobbit remained in customary use in markets in northern Wales after Parliament standardized the Winchester bushel as the unit of measure for grain, after which courts gave inconsistent rulings as to its legal status. The hobbit was defined as a"
"Pommel horse The pommel horse (also side horse) is an artistic gymnastics apparatus. Traditionally, it is used by only male gymnasts. Originally made of a metal frame with a wooden body and a leather cover, modern pommel horses have a metal body covered with foam rubber and leather, with plastic handles (or pommels). The pommel horse was developed centuries ago as an artificial horse used by soldiers to practice mounting and dismounting. Alexander the Great is believed to have used two. Measurements of the apparatus are published by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG) in the ""Apparatus Norms"" brochure. A"
"him an inch and he'll take a mile"" and ""Give him an inch and he'll take a yard"". Inch The inch (abbreviation: in or ″) is a unit of length in the (British) imperial and United States customary systems of measurement. It is equal to yard or of a foot. Derived from the Roman uncia (""twelfth""), the word ""inch"" is also sometimes used to translate similar units in other measurement systems, usually understood as deriving from the width of the human thumb. Standards for the exact length of an inch have varied in the past, but since the adoption of"
"feet 4 inches is sometimes denoted as 2′−4″, 2′ 4″ or 2′4″. (See 'minute' for another case where prime and double prime symbols are used to denote first and second cuts in refining measurement.) In the United States, the foot was defined as 12 inches, with the inch being defined by the Mendenhall Order of 1893 by 39.37 inches = 1 m. In Imperial units, the foot was defined as yard, with the yard being realized as a physical standard (separate from the standard meter). The yard standards of the different Commonwealth countries were periodically compared with one another. The"
"ages: In horse racing, these definitions may differ: For example, in the British Isles, Thoroughbred horse racing defines colts and fillies as less than five years old. However, Australian Thoroughbred racing defines colts and fillies as less than four years old. The height of horses is measured at the highest point of the withers, where the neck meets the back. This point is used because it is a stable point of the anatomy, unlike the head or neck, which move up and down in relation to the body of the horse. In English-speaking countries, the height of horses is often"
"the ""Zhouli"" ""Rites of Zhou"" (夏官司馬), which differentiates names for horses of different heights, measured in the ""chi"" ""Chinese foot"" (historically around 23-33 centimeters, see Chinese units of measurement). Horses up to 8 feet tall are called ""long"" 龍 ""dragon"", those up to 7 feet are called ""lai"" , and those up to 6 feet are called ""ma"" 馬 ""horse"". The Han Dynasty scholar Wang Fu (tr. Visser 1913:70) says, ""The people paint the dragon's shape with a horse's head and a snake's tail."" Edward H. Schafer describes the horse's ""tremendous importance"" to Tang Dynasty rulers for military tactics, diplomatic"
"the AMHR, Miniatures cannot exceed 38 inches at the withers (which the AMHR defines as located at the last hair of the mane). There are two divisions in AMHR: the ""A"" division for horses and under, and the ""B"" division for horses . The AMHA requires that horses stand under 34 inches. Horses of any eye or coat color, and any form of white markings, are allowed to be registered. The AMHA standard suggests that if a person were to see a photograph of a miniature horse, without any size reference, it would be identical in characteristics, conformation, and proportion"
"them into lengths by a scale of lengths-per-second. The actual number of lengths-per-second varies according to the type of race and the going conditions. For example, in a flat turf race run on good going, a value of six lengths-per-second is used; in a national hunt race on heavy going, where horses are assumed to be moving more slowly, the value is four lengths-per-second. Distances smaller than that are similarly described in reference to the equine body with terms such as a ""neck"", and a ""head"", a ""short head"" or ""nose"", the smallest possible named advantage by which a horse"
"breeding and often well over 14.2 hands. American Indian tribes also have the tradition of referring to their horses as ""ponies,"" when speaking in English, even though many of the Mustang horses they used in the 19th century were close to or over 14.2 hh, and most horses owned and bred by Native peoples today are of full horse height. The term ""pony"" is also sometimes used to describe a full-sized horse in a humorous or affectionate sense. The United States Pony Club defines ""pony"" to be any mount that is ridden by a member regardless of its breed or"
"tall as , weighing from . Heavy or draft horses are usually at least high and can be as tall as high. They can weigh from about . The largest horse in recorded history was probably a Shire horse named Mammoth, who was born in 1848. He stood high and his peak weight was estimated at . The current record holder for the world's smallest horse is Thumbelina, a fully mature miniature horse affected by dwarfism. She is tall and weighs . Ponies are taxonomically the same animals as horses. The distinction between a horse and pony is commonly drawn"