"Aulë Aulë is a fictional character from J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, who is primarily discussed in ""The Silmarillion"", but appears also in Tolkien's other works. In Tolkien's pantheon of Middle-earth, Aulë is a knowledge deity, sometimes worshipped as a god by men, representing skill and craftsmanship, who is also thematically associated with Earth, stone, metal and the dwarves. Because of his associations with smithing and skill, Aulë is similar in thematic role to the Greek god Hephaestus, the Roman god Vulcan, the Finnish god Ilmarinen, the Yoruba god Ogun, and the Norse god Völundr. Aulë the Smith is a"
"that Hephaestus, the god of fire, sat below the volcano Etna, forging the weapons of Zeus. The Greek word used to describe volcanoes was ""etna"", or ""hiera"", after Heracles, the son of Zeus. The Roman poet Virgil, in interpreting the Greek mythos, held that the giant Enceladus was buried beneath Etna by the goddess Athena as punishment for rebellion against the gods; the mountain's rumblings were his tormented cries, the flames his breath and the tremors his railing against the bars of his prison. Enceladus' brother Mimas was buried beneath Vesuvius by Hephaestus, and the blood of other defeated giants"
"and the pre-Christian Roman Empire. Herodotus was one of the earliest authors to engage in this form of interpretation. In his observations regarding the Egyptians, he establishes Greco-Egyptian equivalents that endured into the Hellenistic era, including Amon/Zeus, Osiris/Dionysus, and Ptah/Hephaestus. In his observations regarding the Scythians, he equates their queen of the gods, Tabiti, to Hestia, Papaios and Api to Zeus and Gaia respectively, and Argimpasa to Aphrodite Urania, whilst also claiming that the Scythians worshipped equivalents to Herakles and Ares, but which he doesn't name. Some pairs of Greek and Roman gods, such as Zeus and Jupiter, are thought"
"Hercules Hercules () is a Roman hero and god. He was the equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Zeus (Roman equivalent Jupiter) and the mortal Alcmene. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures. The Romans adapted the Greek hero's iconography and myths for their literature and art under the name ""Hercules"". In later Western art and literature and in popular culture, ""Hercules"" is more commonly used than ""Heracles"" as the name of the hero. Hercules was a multifaceted figure with contradictory characteristics, which enabled later artists"
"about Hercules. Hercules Hercules () is a Roman hero and god. He was the equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Zeus (Roman equivalent Jupiter) and the mortal Alcmene. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures. The Romans adapted the Greek hero's iconography and myths for their literature and art under the name ""Hercules"". In later Western art and literature and in popular culture, ""Hercules"" is more commonly used than ""Heracles"" as the name of the hero. Hercules was a multifaceted figure with contradictory characteristics, which enabled"
"god of literature, science and art based on the Avestan Tishtrya and fused with the Greek Apollo. In 51 AD the Roman procurator of Cappadocia, Julius Paelignus, invaded Armenia and ravaged the country, then under an Iberian usurper Rhadamistus. Rhadamistus had killed his uncle Mithridates, the legitimate king of Armenia, by luring the Roman garrison that was protecting him outside of the fortress of Gornea. Acting without instruction, Paelignus recognized Rhadamistus as the new king of Armenia. Syrian governor Ummidius Quadratus sent Helvidius Priscus with a legion to repair these outrages, but he was recalled so as not to provoke"
"Hesperus In Greek mythology, Hesperus ( ""Hesperos"") is the Evening Star, the planet Venus in the evening. He is the son of the dawn goddess Eos (Roman Aurora) and is the half-brother of her other son, Phosphorus (also called Eosphorus; the ""Morning Star""). Hesperus' Roman equivalent is Vesper (cf. ""evening"", ""supper"", ""evening star"", ""west""). By one account Hesperus' father was Cephalus, a mortal, while Phosphorus' was the star god Astraios. Other sources, however, state that Hesperus was the brother of Atlas, and thus the son of Iapetus. Hesperus is the personification of the ""evening star"", the planet Venus in the"
"Aetna (nymph) Aetna (Greek: , ""Aἴtnē"") was in Greek and Roman mythology a Sicilian nymph and, according to Alcimus, a daughter of Uranus and Gaia, or of Briareus. Stephanus of Byzantium says that according to one account Aetna was a daughter of Oceanus. Simonides said that she had acted as arbitrator between Hephaestus and Demeter respecting the possession of Sicily. By Zeus or Hephaestus she became the mother of the Palici. Mount Aetna in Sicily was believed to have derived its name from her, and under it Zeus buried Typhon, Enceladus, or Briareus. The mountain itself was believed to be"
"Neptune (mythology) Neptune ( ) was the god of freshwater and the sea in Roman religion. He is the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon. In the Greek-influenced tradition, Neptune was the brother of Jupiter and Pluto; the brothers presided over the realms of Heaven, the earthly world, and the Underworld. Salacia was his wife. Depictions of Neptune in Roman mosaics, especially those of North Africa, are influenced by Hellenistic conventions. Neptune was likely associated with fresh water springs before the sea. Like Poseidon, Neptune was worshipped by the Romans also as a god of horses, under the name ""Neptunus"
"Caelus Caelus or Coelus was a primal god of the sky in Roman myth and theology, iconography, and literature (compare ""caelum"", the Latin word for ""sky"" or ""the heavens"", hence English ""celestial""). The deity's name usually appears in masculine grammatical form when he is conceived of as a male generative force, but the neuter form Caelum is also found as a divine personification. The name of Caelus indicates that he was the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Uranus (Οὐρανός, ""Ouranos""), who was of major importance in the theogonies of the Greeks. Varro couples him with Terra (Earth) as ""pater"""
"the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus. Caelus Caelus or Coelus was a primal god of the sky in Roman myth and theology, iconography, and literature (compare ""caelum"", the Latin word for ""sky"" or ""the heavens"", hence English ""celestial""). The deity's name usually appears in masculine grammatical form when he is conceived of as a male generative force, but the neuter form Caelum is also found as a divine personification. The name of Caelus indicates that he was the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Uranus (Οὐρανός, ""Ouranos""), who was of major importance in the theogonies of the Greeks. Varro couples him"
"make love to Athena: at the moment of climax she pushes him aside, and his semen falls to the earth where it impregnates Gaia."" Hephaestus was associated by Greek colonists in southern Italy with the volcano gods Adranus (of Mount Etna) and Vulcanus of the Lipari islands. The first-century sage Apollonius of Tyana is said to have observed, ""there are many other mountains all over the earth that are on fire, and yet we should never be done with it if we assigned to them giants and gods like Hephaestus"". In the Trojan war, Hephaestus sided with the Greeks, but"
"knowledge of something necessary (in this case the identity of Hesperus and Phosphorus) could be empirical rather than knowable ""a priori"". Hesperus In Greek mythology, Hesperus ( ""Hesperos"") is the Evening Star, the planet Venus in the evening. He is the son of the dawn goddess Eos (Roman Aurora) and is the half-brother of her other son, Phosphorus (also called Eosphorus; the ""Morning Star""). Hesperus' Roman equivalent is Vesper (cf. ""evening"", ""supper"", ""evening star"", ""west""). By one account Hesperus' father was Cephalus, a mortal, while Phosphorus' was the star god Astraios. Other sources, however, state that Hesperus was the brother"
"Asclepius Asclepius (; ""Asklēpiós"" ; ) or Hepius was a hero and god of medicine in ancient Greek religion and mythology. Asclepius represents the healing aspect of the medical arts; his daughters are Hygieia (""Hygiene"", the goddess/personification of health, cleanliness, and sanitation), Iaso (the goddess of recuperation from illness), Aceso (the goddess of the healing process), Aglæa/Ægle (the goddess of the glow of good health), and Panacea (the goddess of universal remedy). He was associated with the Roman/Etruscan god Vediovis and the Egyptian Imhotep. He was one of Apollo's sons, sharing with Apollo the epithet ""Paean"" (""the Healer""). The rod"
"Aega (mythology) In Greek mythology, Aega (Greek: ) or Pine or Cynosura or Melissa was, according to Hyginus, a daughter of Olenus, who was a descendant of Hephaestus. Aega and her sister Helice nursed the infant Zeus in Crete, and the former was afterwards changed by the god into the constellation called Capella. According to other traditions mentioned by Hyginus, Aega was a daughter of Melisseus, king of Crete, and was chosen to suckle the infant Zeus; but as she was found unable to do it, the service was performed by the goat Amalthea. Hyginus also reports a tradition that"
"known as (where characteristics perceived to be similar by Romans result in identification of a non-Roman god as a Roman deity)—as either the Roman god Jupiter (also known as ""Jove"") or the Greco-Roman god Hercules. The first clear example of this occurs in the Roman historian Tacitus's late first-century work , where, writing about the religion of the (a confederation of Germanic peoples), he comments that ""among the gods Mercury is the one they principally worship. They regard it as a religious duty to offer to him, on fixed days, human as well as other sacrificial victims. Hercules and Mars"
"Hill, where the citadel was located. In the Capitoline Triad, he was the central guardian of the state with Juno and Minerva. His sacred tree was the oak. The Romans regarded Jupiter as the equivalent of the Greek Zeus, and in Latin literature and Roman art, the myths and iconography of Zeus are adapted under the name ""Iuppiter"". In the Greek-influenced tradition, Jupiter was the brother of Neptune and Pluto, the Roman equivalents of Poseidon and Hades respectively. Each presided over one of the three realms of the universe: sky, the waters, and the underworld. The Italic Diespiter was also"
"to the goat which was believed to have suckled the infant Zeus in Crete. Aega (mythology) In Greek mythology, Aega (Greek: ) or Pine or Cynosura or Melissa was, according to Hyginus, a daughter of Olenus, who was a descendant of Hephaestus. Aega and her sister Helice nursed the infant Zeus in Crete, and the former was afterwards changed by the god into the constellation called Capella. According to other traditions mentioned by Hyginus, Aega was a daughter of Melisseus, king of Crete, and was chosen to suckle the infant Zeus; but as she was found unable to do it,"
"well observed by a French author, that the Romans, in the madness of paganism, finished by deifying the most immodest objects and the most disgusting actions. They had the gods Sterculius, Crepitus, Priapus; and the goddesses , Pertunda, &c, &c. Sterquilinus In Roman mythology, Sterquilinus (""manure"" or ""feces"") — also called Stercutus and Sterculius — was a god of feces. He may have been equivalent to Picumnus. The ""Larousse Encyclopaedia of Mythology"" gives the name as Stercutius, a pseudonym of Saturn, under which the latter used to supervise the manuring of the fields. The name Sterquilinus comes from the Latin"
"Acestes In Roman mythology, Acestes or Egestes (Greek ) was the son of the Sicilian river-god Crinisus by a Dardanian or Trojan woman named Egesta or Segesta. According to Servius, this woman Egesta or Segesta was sent by her father, Hippotes or Ipsostratus, to Sicily, that she might not be devoured by the monsters, which infested the territory of Troy, and which had been sent into the land, because the Trojans had refused to reward Poseidon and Apollo for having built the walls of their city. When Egesta arrived in Sicily, the river-god Crinisus in the form of a bear"
"Salus Salus (, ""safety"", ""salvation"", ""welfare"") was a Roman goddess. She was the goddess of safety and well-being (welfare, health and prosperity) of both the individual and the state. She is sometimes equated with the Greek goddess Hygieia, though her functions differ considerably. Salus is one of the most ancient Roman Goddesses: she is also recorded once as ""Salus Semonia"", a fact that might hint to her belonging to the category of the ""Semones"", such as god ""Semo Sancus Dius Fidius"". This view though is disputed among scholars. The issue is discussed in the section below. The two gods had"
"substituted for the Nordic deities to help suppress paganism. The Roman pantheon had numerous deities, both Greek and non-Greek. The more famed deities, found in the mythologies and the 2nd millennium CE European arts, have been the anthropomorphic deities syncretized with the Greek deities. These include the six gods and six goddesses: Venus, Apollo, Mars, Diana, Minerva, Ceres, Vulcan, Juno, Mercury, Vesta, Neptune, Jupiter (Jove, Zeus); as well Bacchus, Pluto and Hercules. The non-Greek major deities include Janus, Fortuna, Vesta, Quirinus and Tellus (mother goddess, probably most ancient). Some of the non-Greek deities had likely origins in more ancient European"
"the place in which Hephaestus and the Cyclops made the thunderbolts for Zeus. Aetna (nymph) Aetna (Greek: , ""Aἴtnē"") was in Greek and Roman mythology a Sicilian nymph and, according to Alcimus, a daughter of Uranus and Gaia, or of Briareus. Stephanus of Byzantium says that according to one account Aetna was a daughter of Oceanus. Simonides said that she had acted as arbitrator between Hephaestus and Demeter respecting the possession of Sicily. By Zeus or Hephaestus she became the mother of the Palici. Mount Aetna in Sicily was believed to have derived its name from her, and under it"
"mythic Italic shepherd called ""Recaranus"" or ""Garanus"", famous for his strength. This hero dedicated the Ara Maxima which became associated with the earliest Roman cult of Hercules. Hercules in ancient Rome In ancient Roman religion and myth, Hercules was venerated as a divinized hero and incorporated into the legends of Rome's founding. The Romans adapted Greek myths and the iconography of Heracles into their own literature and art, but the hero developed distinctly Roman characteristics. Some Greek sources as early as the 6th and 5th century BC gave Heracles Roman connections during his famous labors. Dionysius of Halicarnassus places Hercules"
"Severus Alexander. Elagabalus's family held hereditary rights to the priesthood of the sun god Elagabal, of whom Elagabalus was the high priest at Emesa (modern Homs) in Roman Syria. The deity Elagabalus was initially venerated at Emesa. This form of the god's name is a Latinized version of the Syrian ""Ilāh hag-Gabal"", which derives from ""Ilāh"" (a Semitic word for ""god"") and ""gabal"" (an Arabic word for ""mountain""), resulting in ""the God of the Mountain,"" the Emesene manifestation of the deity. The cult of the deity spread to other parts of the Roman Empire in the 2nd century; a dedication"
"holds a dolphin in each hand (identification with Aplu-Apollo is clear also because Uśil holds a bow). Nethuns holds a double-ended trident, suggesting he might be one of the gods who can wield lightningbolts. Neptune (mythology) Neptune ( ) was the god of freshwater and the sea in Roman religion. He is the counterpart of the Greek god Poseidon. In the Greek-influenced tradition, Neptune was the brother of Jupiter and Pluto; the brothers presided over the realms of Heaven, the earthly world, and the Underworld. Salacia was his wife. Depictions of Neptune in Roman mosaics, especially those of North Africa,"
"Hermathena Hermathena or Hermathene () was a composite statue, or rather a herm, which may have been a terminal bust or a Janus-like bust, representing the Greek gods Hermes and Athena, or their Roman counterparts Mercury and Minerva. It was natural to see these two deities unified or fused as one form: the Greek god Hermes presided over eloquence, the goddess Athena over crafts and the sciences. The reverse of a medal of the Roman Emperor Hadrian, who prided himself on his learning and eloquence, depicts Hermathena. In early Greek poetry and myth, Hermes and Athena share or 'double' each"
"Dius Fidius In ancient Roman religion, Dius Fidius (less often as Dius Fidus) was a god of oaths associated with Jupiter. His name was thought to be related to Fides. ""Fidius"" may be an earlier form for ""filius"", ""son"", with the name Dius Fidius originally referring to Hercules as a son of Jupiter. According to some writers, the phrase ""medius fidius"" was equivalent to ""mehercule"" ""My Hercules!"", a common interjection. Varro states that his teacher Aelius Stilo called this god ""Diovis filium"", i.e. ""Dius Filius"" as the Greek ""Διόσκορον Castorem"" on the grounds of the alteration of the letters ""d"""
"throughout the Roman Empire. Elagabalus used his authority to install El-Gabal as the chief deity of the Roman pantheon, merging the god with the Roman sun gods to form ""Deus Sol Invictus"", meaning ""God - the Undefeated Sun"", and making him superior to Jupiter, and assigning either Astarte, Minerva, Urania, or some combination of the three, as El-Gabal's wife. He rode roughshod over other elements of traditional religion, marrying a Vestal Virgin (who were legally required to remain unmarried virgins during their service), and moved the most sacred relics of Roman religion (including the fire of Vesta, the Shields of"
"Heracles Heracles ( ; , ""Hēraklês"", Glory/Pride of ""Hēra"", ""Hera""), born Alcaeus (, ""Alkaios"") () or Alcides (, ""Alkeidēs"") () was a divine hero in Greek mythology, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, foster son of Amphitryon. He was a great-grandson and half-brother (as they are both sired by the god Zeus) of Perseus. He was the greatest of the Greek heroes, a paragon of masculinity, the ancestor of royal clans who claimed to be Heracleidae (), and a champion of the Olympian order against chthonic monsters. In Rome and the modern West, he is known as Hercules, with whom"
"Hephaestus was somehow connected with the archaic, pre-Greek Phrygian and Thracian mystery cult of the Kabeiroi, who were also called the ""Hephaistoi"", ""the Hephaestus-men"", in Lemnos. One of the three Lemnian tribes also called themselves Hephaestion and claimed direct descent from the god. Hephaestus is to the male gods as Athena is to the females, for he gives skill to mortal artists and was believed to have taught men the arts alongside Athena. He was nevertheless believed to be far inferior to the sublime character of Athena. At Athens they had temples and festivals in common. Both were believed to"
"Faun The faun (, , ""phaunos"", ) is a mythological half human–half goat creature appearing in Ancient Rome. The goat man, more commonly affiliated with the Satyrs of Greek mythology or Fauns of Roman, is a bipedal creature with the legs and tail of a goat and the head, arms and torso of a man and is often depicted with goat's horns and pointed ears. These creatures in turn borrowed their appearance from the god Pan of the Greek pantheon. They were a symbol of fertility, and their chieftain was Silenus, a minor deity of Greek mythology. Romans believed fauns"
"Helenus In Greek mythology, Helenus (; , ""Helenos"", ) was the son of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy, and the twin brother of the prophetess Cassandra. He was also called Scamandrios. According to legend, Cassandra, having been given the power of prophecy by Apollo, taught it to her brother. Like Cassandra, he was always right, but unlike her, others believed him. Helenus was part of the Trojan forces led by his brother Hector that beat the Greeks back from the plains west of Troy, and attacked their camp in the ""Iliad"". When the Myrmidons led by Achilles turn"