"infected area. The eruptions may appear on many different areas of the body at once."" It can usually be treated with long-term use of a topical antifungal medications such as selenium sulfide shampoo. However, in some cases an oral antifungal such as griseofulvin may have to be prescribed. Tinea manuum Tinea manuum (or tinea manus) is a fungal infection of the hand. It is typically more aggressive than tinea pedis but similar in look. Itching, burning, cracking, and scaling are observable and may be transmitted sexually or otherwise, whether or not symptoms are present. Alternatively, it may be caused by"
"scalp, and tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) on the foot. Although they are not harmful, they are highly contagious and difficult to treat. The symptoms of ringworm include patches of skin that are red, swollen, and irritated, forming the shape of a ring. Ringworm will last between two and four weeks with treatment. Tinea infections can be combatted orally or topically with numerous different medications. Some topical treatments include Mentax 1%, Lamisil 1%, Naftin 1% and Spectazole and these creams should be applied two times a day until the infection is gone. Oral treaments for Tinea include Lamisil, Sporanox, and Diflucan."
"others. If pets are kept in the household or premises, they should get the animal checked for tinea, especially if hair loss in patches is noticed or the pet is scratching excessively. The majority of people who have acquired tinea know how uncomfortable the infection can be. However, the fungus can easily be treated and prevented in individuals with a healthy immune system. When the dermatophytic infection presents in wrestlers, with skin lesions typically found on the head, neck, and arms it is sometimes called tinea corporis gladiatorum. Tinea corporis Tinea corporis (also known as ringworm, tinea circinata, and tinea"
"features of tinea corporis include: Tinea corporis is caused by a tiny fungus known as dermatophyte. These tiny organisms normally live on the superficial skin surface, and when the opportunity is right, they can induce a rash or infection. The disease can also be acquired by person-to-person transfer usually via direct skin contact with an infected individual. Animal-to-human transmission is also common. Ringworm commonly occurs on pets (dogs, cats) and the fungus can be acquired while petting or grooming an animal. Ringworm can also be acquired from other animals such as horses, pigs, ferrets and cows. The fungus can also"
"the groin or inner thighs (tinea cruris); on the scalp and hair (tinea capitis) resulting in brittle hair shafts that fall out easily. Tinea unguium affects the nails and athlete's foot (tinea pedis) affects the feet. Tinea versicolor refers to a fungal infection of the skin caused by ""Malassezia furfur"". It appears anywhere on the skin and produces red or gray, scaly patches of itchy skin. Deeper infections may be discoloured, ulcerative and purulent. A ""Candida"" yeast infection can also be identified by a KOH test by taking scrapings from the mouth (oral thrush), vagina (vaginitis) and skin (candidiasis). There"
"healing. Terbinafine is preferred over itraconazole due to fewer drug interactions. Tinea corpora (body), tinea manus (hands), tinea cruris (groin), tinea pedis (foot) and tinea facie (face) can be treated topically. Tinea unguum (nails) usually will require oral treatment with terbinafine, itraconizole, or griseofulvin. Griseofulvin is usually not as effective as terbinafine or itraconizole. A lacquer (Penlac) can be used daily, but is ineffective unless combined with aggressive debridement of the affected nail. Tinea capitis (scalp) must be treated orally, as the medication must be present deep in the hair follicles to eradicate the fungus. Usually griseofulvin is given orally"
"of the skin, and is surrounded by a thick layer of calloused skin. Depending on the development of the Verrucae, the surface may show signs of blood vessels, which feed the infection. Tinea infections, more commonly known as Ringworm, are the most common skin infections transmitted through wrestling. It is caused by parasitic fungi that survive on keratin, an organic material that is found in skin, hair, and nails. There are several varieties of Tinea, which are classified depending on their location. Tinea corporis is found on the body, tinea cruris (jock itch) on the groin, tinea capitis on the"
"treat syphilis leads to progressive degeneration of the nerve roots and posterior columns. The bacteria Treponema pallidum that causes syphilis results in locomotor ataxia and tabes dorsalis. Further complications from tabes dorsalis include optic nerve damage, blindness, shooting pains, urinary incontinence, and degeneration of the joints. In most cases, lesions present bilaterally. However, in rare cases, lesions have been seen unilaterally. Moreover, general symptoms of posterior spinal artery infarcts include ipsilateral loss of proprioceptive sensation, fine touch, pressure, and vibration below the lesion; deep tendon areflexia; and in severe circumstances, complete paralysis below the portion of the spinal cord affected."
"dandruff shampoo, which contains selenium sulfide, over the skin. Topical antifungal imidazoles may also be used, such as ketoconazole. This is the same treatment plan for tinea or pityriasis versicolor. Tinea nigra Tinea nigra (also known as ""superficial phaeohyphomycosis,"" and ""Tinea nigra palmaris et plantaris"") is a superficial fungal infection that causes dark brown to black painless patches on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. This infection is caused by the fungus formerly classified as ""Exophiala werneckii"", but more recently classified as ""Hortaea werneckii"". The causative organism has also been described as ""Phaeoannellomyces werneckii"". Diagnosis"
"Tinea nigra Tinea nigra (also known as ""superficial phaeohyphomycosis,"" and ""Tinea nigra palmaris et plantaris"") is a superficial fungal infection that causes dark brown to black painless patches on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. This infection is caused by the fungus formerly classified as ""Exophiala werneckii"", but more recently classified as ""Hortaea werneckii"". The causative organism has also been described as ""Phaeoannellomyces werneckii"". Diagnosis of tinea nigra causing fungus is made on microscopic examination of skin scrapings, mixed with potassium hydroxide (KOH). The KOH lyses the nonfungal debris. Treatment consists of topical application of"
"The fungus spores are carried to the groin from scratching from putting on underclothing or pants. The infection frequently extends from the groin to the perianal skin and gluteal cleft. The rashes appear red, scaly, and pustular, and is often accompanied by itch. Tinea cruris should be differentiated from other similar dermal conditions such as intertriginous candidiasis, erythrasma, and psoriasis. Lesions appear as round, red, scaly, patches with well-defined, raised edges, often with a central clearing and very itchy (usually on trunk, limbs, and also in other body parts). The lesions can be confused with contact dermatitis, eczema, and psoriasis."
"tinea corporis known as tinea imbricata, otherwise known as tokelau. This is characterized by concentric rings of overlapping scales called papulosquamous patches which may exist for an individual's lifetime. While these lesions appears to affect mostly the trunk region of the body, it may affect any other area. There has been rare occurrences where the nails, skin and palms are affected but it has not been known to invade hair. Most lesions begin on the face and subsequently spread to larger areas of the body. Pruritis has been the most common symptom of infection and it is most severe in"
"for 2 to 3 months. Clinically dosage up to twice the recommended dose might be used due to relative resistance of some strains of dermatophytes. Tinea pedis is usually treated with topical medicines, like ketoconazole or terbinafine, and pills, or with medicines that contains miconazole, clotrimazole, or tolnaftate. Antibiotics may be necessary to treat secondary bacterial infections that occur in addition to the fungus (for example, from scratching). Tinea cruris (groin) should be kept dry as much as possible. Dermatophyte Dermatophytes (from Greek "" derma"" ""skin"" ( ""dermatos"") and ""phyton"" ""plant"") are a common label for a group of three"
"teeth grinding, trismus, salivation, drooling, convulsions, nystagmus, clonic convulsions, and recumbency. Early administration of thiamine may be curative, but if the lesion is more advanced, then surviving animals may remain partially blind and mentally dull. Polioencephalomalacia Polioencephalomalacia (PEM), also referred to as cerebrocortical necrosis (CCN), is a neurological disease seen in ruminants that is caused by disrupted thiamine production in the body. Thiamine is a key chemical in glucose metabolism that, when definicient, is most threatening to neurological activity. Cattles, sheep, goat, and other ruminants that are diagnosed with PEM or pre-PEM suffer opishotonus, cortical blindness, disoriented movement, and eventually"
"well as bacterial infection (by streptococcus and staphylococcus) or cellulites due to fissures developing between the toes., Another implication of tinea pedis, especially for older adults or those with vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, or nail trauma, is onychomycosis of the toenails. Nails become thick, discolored, and brittle, and often onycholysis (painless separation of nail from nail bed) occurs. More commonly occurs in men than women. Tinea cruris may be exacerbated by sweat and tight clothing (hence the term ""jock itch""). Frequently, the feet are also involved. The theory is that the feet get infected first from contact with the ground."
"other causes of this disease. Treatment can vary with severity of the infection. Moderate cases of Tinea Barbaea can be treated with topical antifungal medications. Topical antifungal medications will come in the form of cream, which can normally be obtained over the counter. More serious cases of Tinea Barbae warrant an oral antifungal medication. Tinea barbae Tinea barbæ (also known as ""Barber's itch,"" ""Ringworm of the beard,"" and ""Tinea sycosis"") is a fungal infection of the hair. Tinea barbae is due to a dermatophytic infection around the bearded area of men. Generally, the infection occurs as a follicular inflammation, or"
"papulosquamous patches. ""Trichophyton rubrum"" and ""Trichophyton interdigitale"" cause athlete's foot (tinea pedis), toenail fungal infections (a.k.a. tinea unguium, a.k.a. onychomycosis), crotch itch (a.k.a. tinea cruris), and ringworm (a misnomer, as there is no worm involved; it is also known as tinea corporis). The fungi can easily spread to other areas of the body as well and to the host's home environs (socks, shoes, clothes, showers, bathtubs, counters, floors, carpets, etc.). They can be transmitted by direct contact, by contact with infested particles (of dead skin, nails, hair) shed by the host, and by contact with the fungi's spores. These fungi"
"Tinea capitis Tinea capitis (also known as ""herpes tonsurans"", ""ringworm of the hair"", ""ringworm of the scalp"", ""scalp ringworm"", and ""tinea tonsurans"") is a cutaneous fungal infection (dermatophytosis) of the scalp. The disease is primarily caused by dermatophytes in the ""Trichophyton"" and ""Microsporum"" genera that invade the hair shaft. The clinical presentation is typically single or multiple patches of hair loss, sometimes with a 'black dot' pattern (often with broken-off hairs), that may be accompanied by inflammation, scaling, pustules, and itching. Uncommon in adults, tinea capitis is predominantly seen in pre-pubertal children, more often boys than girls. At least eight"
"a bacterial infection can result in the cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid circulates through the brain and spinal cord, and it is produced in the choroid plexuses. The meninges consists of three connective tissues that cover the spinal cord and brain. They are lined with vertebral cavities, which is used as protection for the central nervous system. When the cerebrospinal fluid is infected, the meninges become inflamed and can start to deteriorate. This inflammation of the membranes causes meningitis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that is brought upon by the gram negative bacteria, Treponema pallidum. Treponema pallidum are various spiral"
"pain if too many of the lesions are present in the feet. Suppuration (pus formation), auto-amputation of digits (via ainhum), and chronic lymphedema may also be seen. If the patient is not vaccinated, tetanus is often a complication due to secondary infection. Gangrene is another common complication of severe infestation and superinfection. Staphylococcus aureus and Wolbachia endobacteria can be transmitted by the chigoe flea, as well as nearly 150 other different pathogens. For these reasons, the chigoe flea should be removed as soon as possible. Because of the relatively rapid onset of tungiasis, the incubation period tends to be short."
"from PID in that it can create symptoms of acute-onset pelvic pain. Typically this disease is found in sexually active women. Complications of TOA are related to the possible removal of one or both ovaries and fallopian tubes. Without these reproductive structures, fertility can be affected. Surgical complications can develop and include: The development of TOA is thought to begin with the pathogens spreading from the cervix to the endometrium, through the salpinx, into the peritoneal cavity and forming the tubo-ovarian abscess with (in some cases) pelvic peritonitis. TOA can develop from the lymphatic system with infection of the parametrium"
"the bloodstream and invade host tissues. This clinical condition, called cysticercosis, is the most frequent and severe disease caused by any tapeworm. It can lead to severe headaches, dizziness, occasional seizures, dementia, hypertension, lesions in the brain, blindness, tumor-like growths, and low eosinophil levels. It is the cause of major neurological problems, such as hydrocephalus, paraplegy, meningitis, convulsions, and even death. ""Taenia saginata"" infection is asymptomatic, but heavy infection causes weight loss, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headaches, nausea, constipation, chronic indigestion, and loss of appetite. It can cause antigen reaction that induce allergic reaction. It is also a rare cause"
"use of topical steroids in addition to an antifungal is unclear. There might be a greater cure rate but no guidelines currently recommend its addition. The effect of Whitfield's ointment is also unclear. Tinea corporis is moderately contagious and can affect both humans and pets. If a person acquires it, the proper measures must be taken to prevent it from spreading. Young children in particular should be educated about the infection and preventive measures: avoid skin to skin contact with infected persons and animals, wear clothing that allows the skin to breathe, and don't share towels, clothing or combs with"
"cases the bites of these spiders develop into a medical emergency. Antivenom is available for severe widow and funnel-web envenomation. In almost all cases, recluse bites are self-limited and typically heal without any medical intervention. Recommendations to limit the extent of damage include elevation and immobilization of the affected limb, application of ice. Both local wound care, and tetanus prophylaxis are simple standards. There is no established treatment for more extensive necrosis. Many therapies have been used including hyperbaric oxygen, dapsone, antihistamines (e.g., cyproheptadine), antibiotics, dextran, glucocorticoids, vasodilators, heparin, nitroglycerin, electric shock, curettage, surgical excision, and antivenom. None of these"
"human excrement. Cysticercosis is the most common preventable cause of epilepsy in the developing world. Cysticercosis occurs after ingestion of contaminated food, water, or soil. Cysts and lesions can cause headaches, blindness, seizures, hydrocephalus, meningitis, and dementia. Neurocystocercosis, or the parasitic infection of the nervous system, can be fatal. Taeniasis is not fatal. It is usually contracted after eating undercooked contaminated pork. Taeniasis has mild symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, or constipation. Drugs are used to treat both diseases. Infection can be prevented through stricter meat-inspection standards, livestock confinement, improved hygiene and sanitation, health education, safe meat preparation, and"
"shared resources and facilities such as pillows, couches, rugs, and pets, which should be thoroughly examined because they can be carriers of ""T. tonsurans"". Children are most susceptible to Tinea capitis whereas adult infections more often manifest as tinea corporis. This species is a major cause of family and institutional outbreaks because of its persistent nature in indoor environments, and its ability to be transmitted through asymptomatic carriers. Once the fungal infection has been contracted, it invades hairs and sporulates in the hair shaft, causing it to burst and curl, creating a black dot on the scalp. Tinea capitis is"
"and nails and are named using ""tinea"" followed by the Latin term for the area that is affected. Manifestation of infection tends to involve erythema, induration, itching, and scaling. Dermatophytoses tend to occur in moist areas and skin folds. The degree of infection depends on the specific site of infection, the fungal species, and the host inflammatory response. Although symptoms can be barely noticeable in some cases, dermatophytoses can produce ""chronic progressive eruptions that last months or years, causing considerable discomfort and disfiguration."" Dermatophytoses are generally painless and are not life-threatening. Contrary to the name, tinea pedis does not solely"
"nodules that can protrude out of the body. These nodules can be painful, uncomfortable, and can cause loss of muscle function. The definitive hosts for these ""Taenia"" species are canids. The adult tapeworms live in the intestines of animals like dogs, foxes, and coyotes. Intermediate hosts such as rabbits, goats, sheep, horses, cattle and sometimes humans get the disease by inadvertently ingesting tapeworm eggs (gravid proglottids) that have been passed in the feces of an infected canid. This can happen from ingesting food, water or soil that has been contaminated by dog feces. The disease cannot be transmitted from one"
"affect athletes. Tinea pedis affects men more than women, and is uncommon in children. Even in developed countries, tinea pedis is one of the most common superficial skin infections by fungi. The infection can be seen between the toes (interdigital pattern) and may spread to the sole of the foot in a ""moccasin"" pattern. In some cases, the infection may progress into a ""vesiculobullous pattern"" in which small, fluid-filled blisters are present. The lesions may be accompanied by peeling, maceration (peeling due to moisture), and itching. Later stages of tinea pedis might include hyperkeratosis (thickened skin) of the soles, as"
"contact of an infected animal to the skin of a human. Infection can occasionally be transmitted through contact of infected animal hair on human skin. Tinea Barbae is very rarely transmitted through human to human contact but is not completely impossible. Main symptoms that occur when affected with Tinea Barbae is pimple or blister amongst affected area, swelling and redness around infected area, red and lumpy skin on infected area. Crusting around hairs in infected area will occur, hairs on infected area will also be effortless to pull out. Tinea Barbae can be itchy or painful to touch but these"
"a form of tinea capitis in which crusts are seen on the scalp. Infected hair shafts are broken off just at the base, leaving a black dot just under the surface of the skin, and alopecia can result. Scraping these residual black dot will yield the best diagnostic scrapings for microscopic exam. Numerous green arthrospores will be seen under the microscope inside the stubbles of broken hair shafts at 400x. Tinea capitis cannot be treated topically, and must be treated systemically with antifungals. In most cases of tinea manuum, only one hand is involved. Frequently both feet are involved concurrently,"
"Tinea cruris Tinea cruris is a dermatophyte, a type of fungal infection of the groin region in either sex, though more often seen in males. This condition is most clearly identified by the ring like rash which forms. It is typically a red or brown irritated patch of skin with clear rings. The infection causes itching or a burning sensation in the area which is affected. Most likely originating from the groin, thigh skin folds or anus. Infection may involve the inner thighs and genital areas, as well as extending back to the perineum and perianal areas, and the rash"
"Tinea cruris Tinea cruris is a dermatophyte, a type of fungal infection of the groin region in either sex, though more often seen in males. This condition is most clearly identified by the ring like rash which forms. It is typically a red or brown irritated patch of skin with clear rings. The infection causes itching or a burning sensation in the area which is affected. Most likely originating from the groin, thigh skin folds or anus. Infection may involve the inner thighs and genital areas, as well as extending back to the perineum and perianal areas, and the rash"