"oboe, close to the Chinese Suona or the Zurna, is often made from jujube, mulberry or yuzu wood. Citrus junos Citrus junos or yuzu (from Japanese ) (or more precisely, ""Citrus"" × ""junos"" [""C. reticulata"" × ""C. ichangensis""]) is a citrus fruit and plant in the family Rutaceae. It is called yuja (from Korean ) in Korean cuisine context. Both Japanese ""yuzu"" and Korean ""yuja"" are cognates of Chinese ""yòuzi"" (), but the Chinese word means pomelo. Yuzu is called ""xiāngchéng"" () in Chinese. The fruit looks somewhat like a small grapefruit with an uneven skin, and can be either"
"Pomelo The pomelo, Citrus maxima or Citrus grandis, is the largest citrus fruit from the Rutaceae family. It is a natural (non-hybrid) citrus fruit, similar in appearance to a large grapefruit, native to South and Southeast Asia. The pomelo is one of the original citrus species from which the rest of cultivated citrus hybridized. The popular fruit is used in many Chinese festive celebrations throughout Southeast Asia. After a Captain Shaddock of an East India Company ship introduced it to Barbados, the fruit was called ""shaddock"" in English. From there the name spread to Jamaica in 1696. It remains a"
"pomelo is one of the original citrus species from which the rest of cultivated citrus hybridized, (others being citron, mandarin, and to a lesser extent, papedas and kumquat). In particular, the common orange and the grapefruit are presumed to be naturally occurring hybrids between the pomelo and the mandarin, with the pomelo providing the larger size and greater firmness. The pomelo is employed today in artificial breeding programs: Pomelo The pomelo, Citrus maxima or Citrus grandis, is the largest citrus fruit from the Rutaceae family. It is a natural (non-hybrid) citrus fruit, similar in appearance to a large grapefruit, native"
"by China with 52% of the global total (table). Producing more than one million tonnes each in 2016 were Spain, Turkey, Morocco, and Egypt. Mandarin orange is the most cultivated citrus fruit in China, tropical Asia, India, Korea, Japan, the Mediterranean, and in Florida in the United States. A hardy Japanese species of mandarin orange called unshiu is grown in the Caucasian country of Georgia which is a major exporter of mandarins to Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia and Azerbaijan, although there is also some production in Russia on the Black Sea coast of Caucasus and in the Krasnodar"
"Citron The citron (""Citrus medica"") is a large fragrant citrus fruit with a thick rind. It is one of the original citrus fruits from which all other citrus types developed through natural hybrid speciation or artificial hybridization. Though citron cultivars take on a wide variety of physical forms, they are all closely related genetically. It is used widely in Asian cuisine, and also in traditional medicines, perfume, and for religious rituals and offerings. Hybrids of citrons with other citrus are commercially prominent, notably lemons and many limes. The fruit's English name ""citron"" derives ultimately from Latin, ""citrus"", which is also"
"cultivation areas, improvements in transportation and packaging, rising incomes and consumer preference for healthy foods. This trend was projected to change from 2000 to 2010 since the high production levels have slowed the rate of new plantings. Citrus fruits are produced all over the world; according to UNCTAD, as of 2004 there were 140 citrus-producing countries. Around 70% of the world's total citrus production is grown in the Northern Hemisphere, in particular countries around the Mediterranean and the United States, although Brazil is the largest citrus producer. In the United States, most orange juice and grapefruit is produced in Florida,"
"while citrus fruits for consumption as fresh fruit are mainly grown in California, Arizona, and Texas. Smaller markets for citrus growth in the United States originate in South Carolina, Georgia, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and the gulf coastal states, including Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, and Georgia, as well as North Carolina. Independent cultivars are found in Kentucky, Virginia, and even Missouri, Southern Illinois, and far Southern Kansas. The farther north the range, the more seasonal the cultivation. Florida produces approximately 100 million boxes annually (each box is 90 lbs). China could be a major player in the orange juice and processed citrus markets,"
"other types and hybrids. As the interfertility of oranges and other citrus has produced numerous hybrids and cultivars, and bud mutations have also been selected, citrus taxonomy is fairly controversial, confusing or inconsistent. The fruit of any citrus tree is considered a hesperidium, a kind of modified berry; it is covered by a rind originated by a rugged thickening of the ovary wall. Different names have been given to the many varieties of the genus. ""Orange"" applies primarily to the sweet orange – ""Citrus sinensis"" (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of"
"is not very juicy. Like a citron, it can grow to a formidable size. There is variety of Lumia called Pomme D'Adammo or Adam's apple, and is also included under the name ""Citrus lumia"", according to Risso & Poit, the variety name is ""pomum adami"". The most known origin for the Lumia is from the Mediterranean basin. The Lumia is also classified as ""Citrus limon var. lumia"" by Swingle which places it under the taxonomy of lemon, and ""Citrus medica L. var. lumia"", that suggests it is similar to citron. Lumias represent several distinct citrus hybrids. Usually lumias are referred"
"that of cedar. Collectively, ""Citrus"" fruits and plants are also known by the Romance loanword agrumes (literally ""sour fruits""). The large citrus fruit of today evolved originally from small, edible berries over millions of years. Citrus plants diverged from a common ancestor about 15 million years ago, which was about when it diverged from the closely related severinia, for example the Chinese box orange. About 7 million years ago, citrus plants diverged into two groups, the main citrus genus and the ancestors of the Trifoliate orange (poncirus), which is closely enough related that it can still be hybridized with all"
"and is occasionally used as a substitute for those fruits. Like other citrus fruit with ""C. ichangensis"" ancestry, the ""shangjuan"" is relatively cold-tolerant. The fruit looks a bit like a grapefruit, and can be either pale yellow or green depending on the degree of ripeness. ""Shangjuan"" fruits, which are very aromatic, can be as large as a grapefruit (up to 10 cm or larger). Shangjuan The shangjuan, or Ichang lemon (""Citrus ichangensis × C. maxima""), is a cold-hardy citrus fruit and plant originating in East Asia. According to some it is the best bet for cold-hardy citrus with edible fruit."
"Citrus macroptera Citrus macroptera, with English common names Melanesian papeda, wild orange, cabuyao, shatkora, hatkhora, hatxora or satkara, is a semi-wild species of citrus native to Malesia and Melanesia. Some authorities consider ""C. macroptera"" to be a taxonomic synonym of ""C. hystrix"" (kaffir lime), while others consider ""C. macroptera"" var. ""annamensis"" to be a synonym of ""C. hystrix"", but not ""C. macroptera"" var. ""macroptera"". ""Citrus macroptera"" is so-named because of the large ""wings"" (-ptera) on the petiole, which is as large as the blade of the leaf. The tree, which has thorns, can reach 5 m in height. Its fruit"
"goes back to at least 7,000 BP, and possibly to 10,000 BP. The history of cultivated citrus fruit remains unclear, although some recent research suggests a possible origin in Papuasia rather than continental south-east Asia. Chinese documents show that mandarins and pomelos were established in cultivation there by around 4,200 BP. According to FAOSTAT data, in 2013 four of the five top fruit crops in terms of world production by weight were botanical berries. The other was a pome (apples). According to FAOSTAT, in 2001, bananas (including plantains) and citrus comprised over 25% by value of the world's exported fruits"
"citrus among those studied. Of these, seven were native to Asia: pomelo (""Citrus maxima""), the 'pure' mandarins (""C. reticulata"" - most mandarin cultivars were hybrids of this species with pomelo), citrons (""C. medica""), micranthas (""C. micrantha""), the Ichang papeda (""C. ichangensis""), the mangshanyegan (""C. mangshanensis""), and the oval (Nagami) kumquat (""Fortunella margarita"" or ""C. japonica"" var. ""margarita""). In Australia three were identified: the desert lime (""C. glauca""), round lime (""C. australis"") and the finger lime (""C. australasica""). Many other cultivars previously identified as species were found to be closely related variants (subspecies or varieties) or hybrids of these species, though"
"to 16 cm long, 3 to 7 cm wide with a rounded and sometimes notched ending. The yellowish flowers appear in summer. The fruit matures in autumn, being around 10 to 20 mm in diameter. The lemon coloured fleshy fruit is citrus scented, containing a hard capsule. Within the capsule are usually four cells, many of which are empty. But other cells contain one (or rarely two) pointed black seeds. Germination is slow and sometimes difficult. Liberation of the seeds from the fruit capsules improves germination results. This is accomplished by using a sharp knife, and a pin to prize"
"America, but is confined through the west African tropics. Citrus fruits are of the most valued fruits in tropical Asia. More than 55 million tons are sold annually, including oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, tangerines, and more. The largest citrus is the pummelo. The scented flower buds of cloves come from a tropical evergreen tree native to Zanzibar, Madagascar, and Indonesia. Coconuts are originally native to the Indo-Pacific area and are around every tropical area except rainforests. They can be used for oil, fruit, and fibers. Coffee, probably native to North East Africa, is grown throughout the tropics. In addition, grown"
"varieties. Medium-thorny with some large, stout spines. The incredibly fragrant blossom appears in March–April and lasts until September, producing good honey with honey bees. Flowers, buds and new growth are not purple-tinted. The tree produces large fruit, ellipsoid to very slightly obovate; basal area slightly depressed and radially furrowed; apical nipple suppressed or indistinct. Color lemon-yellow when ripe. Rind very thick and fleshy, sweet with some bitter after-taste; surface rather rough, bumpy, and commonly somewhat ribbed. Flesh crisp and solid; lacking in juice; flavor sweet without acid. Seeds white yellowish. This giant citron can measure up to 25 cm in"
"at the Dayton Art Institute in Dayton, Ohio. Asimina triloba Asimina triloba, the papaw, pawpaw, paw paw, or paw-paw, among many regional names, is a small deciduous tree native to the eastern United States and Canada, producing a large, yellowish-green to brown fruit. It belongs to the genus ""Asimina"" in the same plant family (the Annonaceae) as the custard-apple, cherimoya, sweetsop, ylang-ylang and soursop. The pawpaw is a patch-forming (clonal) understory tree found in well-drained, deep, fertile bottom-land and hilly upland habitat, with large, simple leaves. Pawpaw fruits are the largest edible fruit indigenous to the United States (not counting"
"in Volunteer Park, Seattle, Washington. Crataegus sanguinea Crataegus sanguinea (common names redhaw hawthorn or Siberian hawthorn) is a species of hawthorn that is native to southern Siberia, Mongolia, and the extreme north of China. It is cultivated for its edible red berry-like fruit which actually is a pome. The fruit can be eaten raw or cooked. They can be used to make jam, jelly, and fruit preserves. They are also grown in gardens as ornamental plants. The flowers are small, white in color, and occur in clusters. The flowers give off a carrion smell. The world's largest living individual of"
"fruit is pale green to yellow when ripe, with sweet white (or, more rarely, pink or red) flesh, and a very thick albedo (rind pith). It is a large citrus fruit, in diameter, usually weighing . Leaf petioles are distinctly winged. The fruit tastes like a sweet, mild grapefruit (believed to be a hybrid of ""Citrus maxima"" and the orange), although the typical pomelo is much larger than the grapefruit, and also has a much thicker rind. The pomelo has none, or very little, of the common grapefruit's bitterness, but the enveloping membranous material around the segments is bitter, considered"
"Asimina triloba Asimina triloba, the papaw, pawpaw, paw paw, or paw-paw, among many regional names, is a small deciduous tree native to the eastern United States and Canada, producing a large, yellowish-green to brown fruit. It belongs to the genus ""Asimina"" in the same plant family (the Annonaceae) as the custard-apple, cherimoya, sweetsop, ylang-ylang and soursop. The pawpaw is a patch-forming (clonal) understory tree found in well-drained, deep, fertile bottom-land and hilly upland habitat, with large, simple leaves. Pawpaw fruits are the largest edible fruit indigenous to the United States (not counting gourds, which are typically considered vegetables rather than"
"rechristened ""C. lucida"". The pomelo (""Citrus maxima""), a second of the core species from which most citrus hybrids have derived, is native to southeast Asia. Among the hybrids deriving from mandarin/pomelo crosses, there is a direct correlation between the proportion of pomelo DNA in the hybrid and fruit size, while the more palatable mandarins are those that have received specific genes from pomelos that alter their acidity. Some of the more common pomelos are genetically pure, while a number have a single small region of introgressed mandarin DNA on one chromosome, the result of a cross followed by extensive backcrossing"
"spread to southern Europe. Citrus fruits spread throughout Europe during the Middle Ages, and were then brought to the Americas by Spanish explorers. Worldwide trade in citrus fruits didn't appear until the 20th century and trade in orange juice developed as late as 1940. Total production and consumption of citrus fruit has grown strongly since the 1980s. Current annual worldwide citrus production is estimated at over 70 million tons, with more than half of this being oranges. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the rise in citrus production is mainly due to the increase in"
"Citrus × deliciosa Citrus"" × ""deliciosa (thorny (Australia), amarillo, beladi, ""Willowleaf Mandarin"", ""Mediterranean Mandarin"") is a citrus hybrid mandarin orange with just under 6 % pumelo ancestry. It is related to the ponkan. It has been widely grown around the Mediterranean since it appeared in Italy (between 1810 and 1818), but was not found in the orient until it was exported there. It is one of the most commercially important citrus. Its sweet fruit is eaten, its rind oil is used to flavour food and drinks, and petitgrain oil is extracted from the pruned leaves. Flower (particularly petals) are also"
"Tangelo The tangelo ( , ; ""C. reticulata × C. maxima"" or ""x C. paradisi""), ""Citrus × tangelo"", is a citrus fruit hybrid of a tangerine and a grapefruit. Sometimes referred to as honeybells, they are the size of an adult fist, have a tart, tangy, tangerine taste, and are juicy at the expense of flesh. They generally have loose skin and are easier to peel than oranges, readily distinguished from them by a characteristic ""nipple"" at the stem. Tangelos can be used as a substitute for mandarin oranges or sweet oranges. The early maturing Orlando tangelo is noted for"
"Ponderosa lemon The ponderosa lemon (""Citrus "" x ""pyriformis"") is a citrus hybrid of a pomelo and a citron. It is not the same as the 'Yuma Ponderosa' lemon pomello hybrid, that is used as citrus rootstock. Ponderosa lemon trees are slow growing but reach a height of 12 to 24 feet at maturity. The leaves are long, evergreen, glossy, and citron-like, being ovate elliptic in shape and lemon scented. They have medium thick branches, that have many spines. New growth is purple tinged, as are the flowers. Ponderosa lemon also has larger than average citrus flowers, and bears fruit"
"to farmers by the biosecurity unit of the Queensland Department of Primary Industries in early 2009. Citrus is an important domestic and export crop for Brazil. Citrus agriculture is the second-most important agricultural activity in the state of São Paulo, the largest sweet orange production area in the world. Over 100,000 groves are in São Paulo, and the area planted with citrus is increasing. Of the estimated 2 million trees, greater than 80% are a single variety of orange, and the remainder is made up of tangerine and lemon trees. Because of the uniformity in citrus variety the state has"
"and pomelo. The fruit is of medium size and its shape is round to slightly oblong. When ripe, it turns a light yellow. Its flesh is juicy and sweet with a slightly sour taste. It is usually eaten cut up, sprinkled with sugar and with most of its rather thick pith intact. The fruit's oil is higher than other citrus fruits in trans-β-farnesene, l-carvone, and has a higher number of ketones. Hyuganatsu Hyuganatsu (""Citrus tamurana"", Japanese: 日向夏) is a citrus fruit and plant grown in Japan. The name comes from Hyūga, the ancient name of Miyazaki Prefecture in Kyushu, where"
"coconut, cupuaçu, fig, guava, grapes, jambo, jocote, kiwi, mangaba, mango, mangosteen, mulberry, muruci, nectarine, papaya, passionfruit, patawa, peach, pear, pequi, persimmon, physalis, pineapple, pine nuts, plum, rambutan, raspberry, sapodilla, sapote, sorva, soursop, starfruit, strawberry, tucuma, walnut, and watermelon. In 2002 the fruit sector grossed 9.6 billion dollars – 18% of Brazil's total. National production is higher than 38 million tons, cultivated on 3.4 million hectares. Between 1990 and 2004 exports grew 183% in value, 277% in quantity and 915% net. Every ten thousand dollars invested in fruit production generates three direct jobs and two indirect jobs. Brazil is the world's"
"Citrus longispina Citrus longispina (winged lime, blacktwig lime, or megacarpa papeda) is an unusual sweet lime-like citrus that has been classed as a papeda. It is called ""Tai la mi san"" in Chinese, ""Taramisan"" in Japanese and ""Tanisan"" or ""Talamisan"" in the Philippines. ""Citrus longispina"" is a very beautiful citrus tree, which has striking colors, with a background of dark colored twigs, pale green leaves and pale yellow fruit. Twigs are unusually dark brown, almost black, hence the name ""blacktwig"". The tree can reach eight feet in height, and often has a spreading bushy appearance. Twigs are commonly long and"
"as the mukakukishu, are seedless. The species is used in creating seedless hybrid citrus. The largest variety is the hirakishu. The fruit is thought to have arisen in Southern China, where its name was recorded in the records of Jianchang during the Ming Dynasty, and its agricultural growth is widespread in Jiangxi province. Japanese oranges were cultivated from the cherry orange about 700 years ago. Genetic studies have found it to be closely related to the Huanglingmiao mandarin, carrying the same pomelo (""Citrus maxima"") introgression, indicating that the two diverged from the same backcrossed domesticated ancestor. Under the Tanaka system"
"length and weigh up to 4 kg. Corsican citron The Corsican citron (alimea in corsican cedrat in french) is a citron variety that contains a non-acidic pulp. The name is from its most original cultivation center which is even today, at the French Island of Corsica or Corse. It is said to be one of the first citrus fruit to reach the Corsican soil. Traditionally, it was one of the most important varieties employed in Succade production. The fruit used to be shipped to Genoa, Italy, where it was de-pulped in the large centers in Livorno, hence its name the"
"Sunsweet Growers Sunsweet Growers Incorporated is an agricultural marketing cooperative founded in 1917 as the ""California Prune and Apricot Growers Association"". Sunsweet is headquartered in Yuba City, California, USA. The company operates the largest dried fruit plant in the world. Sunsweet manufactures a variety of dried fruit and juice products, although it is best known for prunes. The company produces and distributes prunes, cranberries, apricots, nectarines, pineapples, mangoes and dates. Other recent Sunsweet products include Ones (individually wrapped prunes), Jumbo Red Raisins (from large red flame Chilean grapes), PlumSweets (chocolate-covered prunes), PlumSmart plum juice, and Specialty mangoes, blueberries, cherries, and"