"Heritage status by UNESCO in 1997, Lumbini Grove is a Buddhist pilgrimage site in the Rupandehi District of Nepal. It is the place where, according to Buddhist tradition, Queen Mayadevi gave birth to Siddhartha Gautama in 623 BCE. Gautama, who achieved nirvana some time around 543 BCE, became the Lord Gautama Buddha and founded Buddhism after achieving Enlightenment. The Mayadevi Temple is located at Lumbini. The concept of sacred groves is present in Nigerian mythology as well. The Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, containing dense forests, is located just outside the city of Osogbo, and is regarded as one of the last"
"up in may have been invented and interpolated at a later time into the Buddhist texts."" Siddhartha Gautama was born in Lumbini and raised in the Shakya capital of Kapilavastu. According to legend, Śuddhodana went to great lengths to prevent Siddhartha from becoming a śramaṇa. But at the age of 29, after experiencing the Four Sights, Siddhartha left his home in search of spiritual answers to the unsatisfactory nature of life, leaving behind his wife Yasodharā and infant son Rāhula. The story of Siddhartha's departure is traditionally called The Great Renunciation. Śuddhodana lamented his son's departure and spent considerable effort"
"vows, including ""ahimsa"" (non-violence), ""satya"" (truthfulness), ""asteya"" (non-stealing) and ""aparigraha"" (non-attachment). Jain orthodoxy believes the teachings of the Tirthankaras predates all known time and scholars believe Parshva, accorded status as the 23rd Tirthankara, was a historical figure. The Vedas are believed to have documented a few Tirthankaras and an ascetic order similar to the shramana movement. Buddhism was historically founded by Siddhartha Gautama, a Kshatriya prince-turned-ascetic, and was spread beyond India through missionaries. It later experienced a decline in India, but survived in Nepal and Sri Lanka, and remains more widespread in Southeast and East Asia. Gautama Buddha, who was"
"Gautama Siddhartha, the founder of Buddhism, 563–483 BC. In Hinduism, the concept of Dharma or righteousness clearly divides the world into good and evil, and clearly explains that wars have to be waged sometimes to establish and protect Dharma, this war is called Dharmayuddha. This division of good and evil is of major importance in both the Hindu epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata. The main emphasis in Hinduism is on bad action, rather than bad people. The Hindu holy text, the Bhagavad Gita, speaks of the balance of good and evil. When this balance goes off, divine incarnations come to"
"Kaundinya Kauṇḍinya (Sanskrit; Pali: ""Koṇḍañña"") also known as ""Ājñātakauṇḍinya"", Pali: ""Añña Koṇḍañña"") was a Buddhist monk follower of Gautama Buddha and the first to become an arhat. He lived during the 6th century BCE in what are now Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, India. Kaundinya was a brahmin who first came to prominence as a youth due to his mastery of the ""Vedas"" and was later appointed as a royal court scholar of King Suddhodana of the Sakyas in Kapilavastu. There Koṇḍañña was the only scholar who unequivocally predicted upon the birth of Prince Siddhartha that the prince would become an"
"to be known as Gautama Buddha. Siddhartha was the son of Śuddhodana, the chosen leader of the Śākya Gaṇarājya. The Shakyas are mentioned in later Buddhist texts as well, including the (c. late 2nd century BCE), and , a commentary by Buddhaghoṣa on the Digha Nikaya (c. 5th century CE), mostly in the accounts of the birth of the Buddha, as a part of the ""Adicchabandhu""s (kinsmen of the sun) or the s and as descendants of the legendary king Ikshvaku: Buddhaghoṣa's work (II, 1–24) traces the origin of the Shakyas to king Ikshvaku and gives their genealogy from Maha"
"Rāhula Rāhula (Pāli and Sanskrit) was the only son of Siddhārtha Gautama (commonly known as the Buddha) ( ), and his wife and princess Yaśodharā. He is mentioned in numerous Buddhist texts, from the early period onward. Accounts about Rāhula indicate a mutual impact between Prince Siddhārtha's life and those of his family members. According to the Pāli tradition, Rāhula is born on the day of Prince Siddhārta's renunciation, and is therefore named ""Rāhula"", meaning a fetter on the path to enlightenment. According to the Mūlasarvāstivāda tradition, and numerous other later sources, however, Rāhula is only ""conceived"" on the day"
"Siddhartha Gautama eventually became the Buddha, for Kenji Misumi's 1961 film ""Buddha"". Then in 1988 he reworked the film music to create his three-movement symphonic ode ""Gotama the Buddha"". Meanwhile, he had returned to teaching at the Tokyo College of Music, becoming president of the college the following year, and in 1987 retired to become head of the College's ethnomusicology department. He trained younger generation composers such as Toshiro Mayuzumi, Yasushi Akutagawa, Akio Yashiro, Teizo Matsumura, Sei Ikeno, Minoru Miki, Maki Ishii, Kaoru Wada, Yssimal Motoji and Imai Satoshi. He also published ""Orchestration"", a 1,000-page book on theory, widely used"
"movements, schisms, and schools, among them the Theravāda, Mahāyāna and Vajrayāna traditions, with contrasting periods of expansion and retreat. Siddhārtha Gautama was the historical founder of Buddhism. The early sources state he was born in the small Shakya (Pali: Sakka) Republic, which was part of the Kosala realm of ancient India, now in modern-day Nepal. He is thus also known as the ""Shakyamuni"" (literally: ""The sage of the Shakya clan""). The republic was ruled by a council of household heads, and Gautama was born to one of these elites, so that he described himself as a Kshatriya when talking to"
"Siddhartha Gautama was born and devised his own way of teaching. His path to enlightenment lay somewhere between the two extremes; different from the lavish and structured lifestyle of Brahmin priesthood, as well as the harsh and isolated lifestyle of the renouncers. Because he took a sort of middle of the road approach in his own teachings, it became known as the Middle Path. At the time he started sharing his teachings, there was a good amount of people that had grown tired of the extreme positions offered by the priests and renouncers, but were still dedicated to their faith"
"Sariputta Sāriputta (Pali) or (Sanskrit) was one of two chief male disciples of Gautama Buddha along with Moggallāna, counterparts to the bhikkhunis Khema and Uppalavanna, his two chief female disciples. He became an arhat renowned for his teaching and is depicted in the Theravada tradition as one of the most important disciples of the Buddha. Sariputta is regarded as the disciple of the Buddha who was foremost in wisdom. ""Śāri"" was his mother's name and is also a particular bird's name. ""Putra"" means son. He was also called ""Upatissa."" This name came from his father's name, Tissa. In the Japanese"
"Mahanipata Jataka The Mahanipata Jataka (), sometimes translated as the Ten Great Birth Stories of the Buddha, are a set of stories from the Jataka tales describing the ten final lives of the Bodisattva who would finally be born as Siddharta Gautama and eventually become Gautama Buddha. These jataka tales revolve around Benares, the current Varanasi in India. The final ten are the best known of the total 547 jataka tales. In Cambodia and Thailand, they are known as and , respectively ( or the tales of the 10 rebirths). These render the 10 virtues of mankind, that the enlightenment"
"were several great and renowned rishis, who belonged to the Gautam gotra but all of them assumed the generic name of ""Gautam"" only. The name had a conjuring effect by virtue of the merits of the great Vedic rishi Gautam and his illustrious descendent rishis so much so that, numerous other persons sought to assume this name in ancient times. A Gautam gotriya Brahmin named, Indrabhuti of Gochchar village of the ancient Magadha kingdom, who became the chief disciple of Lord Mahavira, the 24th Jain Tirthankara, was called as Gautam Swami. Siddhartha (founder of Buddhism) was born in the Shakya"
"Bodhi Day Bodhi Day is the Buddhist holiday that commemorates the day that the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama (Shakyamuni), experienced enlightenment, also known as ""bodhi"" in Sanskrit and Pali. According to tradition, Siddhartha had recently forsaken years of extreme ascetic practices and resolved to sit under a peepal tree and simply meditate until he found the root of suffering, and how to liberate oneself from it. Traditions vary on what happened. Some say Siddhartha made a great vow to Nirvana and Earth to find the root of suffering, or die trying. In other traditions, while meditating he was harassed and"
"enlightened Buddha, and vowed to become his disciple. Koṇḍañña and four colleagues followed Siddhartha in six years of ascetic practice, but abandoned him in disgust after Siddhartha gave up the practice of self-mortification. Upon enlightenment, Siddhartha gave his first dharma talk to Koṇḍañña's group. Koṇḍañña was the first to comprehend the teaching and thus became the first bhikkhu and arahat. Koṇḍañña was aware as the foremost of the five initial disciples of the Buddha and later travelled around India spreading the dharma. Among his notable converts was his nephew Puṇṇa, who the Buddha acknowledged as the foremost preacher of the"
"Buddha's Birthday Buddha's birthday is a holiday traditionally celebrated in most of East Asia to commemorate the birth of the Prince Siddhartha Gautama, later the Gautama Buddha and founder of Buddhism. It is also celebrated in South and Southeast Asia as ""Vesak"" which also acknowledges the enlightenment and death of the Buddha. According to the Theravada Tripitaka scriptures (from Pali, meaning ""three baskets""), Gautama was born in Lumbini in ancient India now in modern-day Nepal, in the year 563 B.C., according to the Nepalese Account, and raised in Kapilavastu. At the age of thirty five, he attained enlightenment (nirvana) underneath"
"world, this prompted him to leave his home in search of enlightenment. At the start of his travels Siddhartha became a beggar and studied philosophy; however, his studies did not lead him to the answers that he sought. He then tried asceticism alongside five monks for six years; this practice also failed to bring him enlightenment. After giving up asceticism, Siddhartha decided to meditate until he found the enlightenment that he was searching for. After much meditation, he became enlightened and was henceforth known as Buddha, which means 'awakened one'. During his meditation he had a vision of humankind and"
"Assaji Assaji (Pali: ""Assaji"", Sanskrit: ""Aśvajit"") was one of the first five arahants of Gautama Buddha. He is known for his conversion of Sariputta and Mahamoggallana, the Buddha's two chief male disciples, counterparts to the nuns Khema and Uppalavanna, the chief female disciples. He lived in what is now Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in northern India, during the 6th century BCE. Assaji was born into a brahmin family. His father was one of the eight brahmin scholars who were invited by Suddhodana, the monarch of the Sakyan kingdom to Kapilavastu to read the fortune of his son Siddhartha. Assaji's father"
"of 400 BCE for the Buddha's death. These alternative chronologies, however, have not been accepted by all historians. The evidence of the early texts suggests that Siddhārtha Gautama was born into the Shakya clan, a community that was on the periphery, both geographically and culturally, of the eastern Indian subcontinent in the 5th century BCE. One of his usual names was ""Sakamuni"" or ""Sakyamunī"" (""Sage of the Shakyas""). It was either a small republic, or an oligarchy, and his father was an elected chieftain, or oligarch. According to the Buddhist tradition, Gautama was born in Lumbini, now in modern-day Nepal,"
"sight of this drastic change strengthened his resolve to leave in search of an end to the suffering of beings. After this incident and realizing the true nature of life after observing the four sights, Siddhārtha left the palace on his horse Kanthaka, accompanied only by Channa. He sent Channa back with his possessions and began an ascetic life, at the end of which he attained enlightenment as Gautama Buddha. Before this, he saw a group of people meditating and he decided to join them. The leaders of this group thought him to be so good that they asked him"
"he renounced the world to become a samaṇa (ascetic). Koṇḍañña, along with Bhaddiya, Vappa, Mahanama and Assaji, variously described as four of the other scholars who had read Siddhartha's future or the sons of those scholars, followed him into the ascetic life, with the approval of Suddhodana, who was worried about Siddhartha's safety. They were known as ""the group of five"" or ""the group of five fortunate ones"". After Siddhartha had mastered all the teachings of Alara Kalama and then Uddaka Ramaputta, he left and began practicing self mortification along with Koṇḍañña and his four colleagues at Uruvela. Koṇḍañña and"
"a Buddha filling 10 Paramita"" or ""perfections"". Some sources and scriptures recount that the Bodhisattva Gautama was born as Prince Sumedha in the time of Dīpankara Buddha, and was rich and gave away all his wealth to become a monk. It is said that Gautama Bodhisattva received his first Niyatha Vivarana, (or definite foresighting by a Buddha) from Dīpankara Buddha. This encounter, among many other predictions of Shakyamuni Buddha's future enlightenment, can be found in a Mahayana text named the Sangatha Sutra. By the 17th century, Dīpankara had become a figure of veneration in Nepalese Buddhist communities. These followers consider"
"Rāhula have left behind teaching material which could be used for teaching children of different ages, and were sophisticated for the time period. Theravāda tradition further built on this genre, with Pāli manuals of religious teaching for novices. Rāhula Rāhula (Pāli and Sanskrit) was the only son of Siddhārtha Gautama (commonly known as the Buddha) ( ), and his wife and princess Yaśodharā. He is mentioned in numerous Buddhist texts, from the early period onward. Accounts about Rāhula indicate a mutual impact between Prince Siddhārtha's life and those of his family members. According to the Pāli tradition, Rāhula is born"
"ascetic, which eventually led to his enlightenment. The spiritual feeling of urgency experienced by Siddhārtha Gautama is referred to as saṃvega. After the birth of his son, King Śuddhodana called upon eight Brahmins to predict his son's future. While seven of them declared that the prince would either be a Buddha or a great King, the Brahmin Kaundinya was confident that he would renounce the world and become a Buddha. Śuddhodana, who was determined that his son should be a great king, confined the prince within the palace and surrounded him with earthly pleasures and luxury, thereby concealing the realities"
"(who later became known as Shakyamuni, the ""Sage of the Shakyans,"" or the Buddha). Maya died shortly after Siddhartha was born. Suddhodana next elevated to chief consort Maya's sister Mahapajapati Gotami, with whom he had a second son Nanda and a daughter Sundarī Nandā. Both children became Buddhist monastics. At the age of 16, Siddhartha married his cousin Yasodharā, the niece of Maha Maya and Mahapajapati. Yasodhara's father was traditionally said to be Suppabuddha, but by some accounts it was Dandapani. Though frequently depicted and referenced as a king, most recent scholarship on the matter refutes the notion that Śuddhodana"
"Siddhartha Mukherjee Siddhartha Mukherjee (born 21 July 1970) is an Indian-American physician, biologist, oncologist, and author. He is best known for his 2010 book, """" that won notable literary prizes including the 2011 Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction, and Guardian First Book Award, among others. The book was listed in the ""All-""Time"" 100 Nonfiction Books"" (the 100 most influential books of the last century) by ""Time"" magazine in 2011. His 2016 book """" made it to #1 on ""The New York Times"" Best Seller list, and was among ""The"" ""New York Times"" 100 best books of 2016, and a finalist"
"Gautama. He is incarnated in the Dalai Lama, who is a tulku and the most revered Tibetan Buddhist monk. Gautama might have representations in a hundred different attitudes or positions, of which four follow. Slides Easily confused Buddhist representations Easily confused Buddhist representations are images or statues that may resemble the mortal, historical Buddha known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Śākyamuni, or Tathāgata (or others), but were actually created to represent other individuals. Depictions could be Gautama, or a bodhisattva, guardian, protector, disciple, or saint. Clues to a figure's identity are found in, for example, the physical characteristics of the Buddha, the"
"and the rewards of generosity in Buddhism are not distinct from the path to Nirvana that is the focus of Buddhist monastics. Anathapindika Anathapindika (; ) was a wealthy merchant and banker, believed to have been the wealthiest merchant in Savatthi in the time of Gautama Buddha. Born Sudatta, he received the nickname ""Anathapindika"", literally ""one who gives alms to the poor"", due to his reputation of loving to give to those in need. Anathapindika was the chief male lay disciple and the greatest patron of Gautama Buddha along with his female counterpart Visakha. Anathapindika is known as the male"
"Anathapindika Anathapindika (; ) was a wealthy merchant and banker, believed to have been the wealthiest merchant in Savatthi in the time of Gautama Buddha. Born Sudatta, he received the nickname ""Anathapindika"", literally ""one who gives alms to the poor"", due to his reputation of loving to give to those in need. Anathapindika was the chief male lay disciple and the greatest patron of Gautama Buddha along with his female counterpart Visakha. Anathapindika is known as the male lay disciple of the Buddha who was foremost in generosity. Anathapindika is frequently referred to as Anathapindika-""setthi"" (""setthi"" meaning ""wealthy person"" or"
"Anuruddha Anuruddha (; ) was one of the ten principal disciples and a cousin of Gautama Buddha. Anuruddha was the son of Sukkōdana and brother to Mahanama. Since Amitodana was the brother of Suddhodana, king of the Sakyas in Kapilavastu, Anuruddha was cousin to Siddhartha, (Gautama Buddha). He was a kshatriya by birth, enabling him to be raised in wealth. Gautama Buddha returned to his home town two years after his enlightenment, preaching his ideas to the Sakyan kingdom. Together with his 3 cousins Bhaddiya, Ananda, and Devadatta and their servant Upali, became ordained by the Buddha at the Anupiya"
"Yaśodharā Yaśodharā (Pali: ""Yasodharā"") was the former wife of Gautama Buddha —before he left his home to became a śramaṇa—, the mother of Rāhula, and the sister of Devadatta. She later became a bhikkhunī and is considered an arahatā. Yaśodhara was the daughter of King Suppabuddha, and Amita, sister of the Buddha's father, King Śuddhodana. She was born on same day in the month of ""Vaishaka"" as Prince Gautama. Her grandfather was Añjana a Koliya chief, her father was Suppabuddha and her mother, Amitā, came from a Shakya family. The Shakya and the Koliya were branches of the Ādicca or"
"root of evil? Desire is the root of evil, illusion is the root of evil."" Gautama Siddhartha, the founder of Buddhism, 563-483 B.C. In Hinduism the concept of Dharma or righteousness clearly divides the world into good and evil, and clearly explains that wars have to be waged sometimes to establish and protect Dharma, this war is called Dharmayuddha. This division of good and evil is of major importance in both the Hindu epics of Ramayana and Mahabharata. However, the main emphasis in Hinduism is on bad action, rather than bad people. The Hindu holy text, the Bhagavad Gita, speaks"
"December of the following year, aged 69. The young Dharmapala helped Colonel Olcott in his work, particularly by acting as his translator. Dharmapala also became quite close to Madame Blavatsky, who advised him to study Pāli and to work for the good of humanity – which is what he did. It was at this time that he changed his name to ""Dharmapala"" (meaning ""Guardian of the Dharma""). In 1891 Anagarika Dharmapala was on a pilgrimage to the recently restored Mahabodhi Temple, where Siddhartha Gautama – the Buddha – attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, India. Here he experienced a shock to"