"two ""Carmen Suites"". Guiraud is perhaps most famous for constructing the recitatives — both beloved and criticized— that replaced the spoken dialogue in performances of ""Carmen"" for more than a century. He also wrote the recitatives and completed the score of Jacques Offenbach's masterpiece ""Les contes d'Hoffman"" (""The Tales of Hoffmann"") which was left unfinished at Offenbach's death. Guiraud's version was very popular but it was not exclusively performed because Offenbach left an enormous number of sketches that various composers and arrangers have used to make their realisations of the opera. The amount of Guiraud's own musical output is small,"
"a five-act opera by Léo Delibes. However, it was left unfinished due to his own death in Paris at age 54. Ernest Guiraud Ernest Guiraud (; 26 June 1837 – 6 May 1892) was a French composer and music teacher born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is best known for writing the traditional orchestral recitatives used for Bizet's opera ""Carmen"" and for Offenbach's opera ""Les contes d'Hoffmann"" (""The Tales of Hoffmann""). Guiraud began his schooling in Louisiana under the tutelage of his father, Jean-Baptiste-Louis Guiraud, who had won the Prix de Rome in 1827. At age 15, he set a"
"""nocturnes""), Charles Gounod (best known for his ""Ave Maria"" and his opera ""Faust""), Jacques Offenbach (best known for his 100 operettas of the 1850s–1870s and his uncompleted opera ""The Tales of Hoffmann""), Édouard Lalo (best known for his ""Symphonie espagnole"" for violin and orchestra and his Cello Concerto in D minor), Jules Massenet (best known for his operas, of which he wrote more than thirty, the most frequently staged are ""Manon"" (1884) and ""Werther"" (1892)) and Camille Saint-Saëns (he has many frequently-performed works, including ""The Carnival of the Animals"", ""Danse macabre"", ""Samson and Delilah"" (Opera), ""Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso"" and"
"Underworld"" and ""Belle Hélène"". Those who called him 'The Mozart of the Boulevards' were not much mistaken"". Debussy, Bizet, Mussorgsky and Rimsky-Korsakov loved Offenbach's operettas. Debussy rated them higher than ""The Tales of Hoffmann"": ""The one work in which [Offenbach] tried to be serious met with no success."" A London critic wrote, on Offenbach's death: Efforts to present critical editions of Offenbach's works have been hampered by the dispersion of his autograph scores to several collections after his death, some of which do not grant access to scholars. Jacques Offenbach Jacques Offenbach (; ; 20 June 1819 – 5 October"
"Richard Strauss Richard Georg Strauss (; 11 June 1864 – 8 September 1949) was a leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras. He is known for his operas, which include ""Der Rosenkavalier"", ""Elektra"", ""Die Frau ohne Schatten"" and ""Salome""; his Lieder, especially his ""Four Last Songs""; his tone poems, including ""Don Juan"", ""Death and Transfiguration"", ""Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks"", ""Also sprach Zarathustra"", ""Ein Heldenleben"", ""Symphonia Domestica"", and ""An Alpine Symphony""; and other instrumental works such as ""Metamorphosen"" and his Oboe Concerto. Strauss was also a prominent conductor in Western Europe and the Americas, enjoying quasi-celebrity status"
"Georges Hugon Georges Hugon (23 July 1904 – 19 June 1980) was a French composer. He is the father of actress Sophie Daumier. His compositional output includes several chamber works, the ballet ""La Reine de Saba"" (1933, dedicated to Gustave Flaubert), two completed symphonies (1941 and 1949), and the unfinished symphony ""Prometheus"". Born in Paris, he studied with Georges Caussade, Paul Dukas, Jean Gallon, and Isidor Philipp at the Conservatoire de Paris. He was awarded premiere prixs from the conservatoire in piano (1921), harmony (1921), and composition (1930). He was awarded a medal for composition by the Blumenthal Foundation in"
"François-Benoît Hoffman François-Benoît Hoffman (11 July 1760 – 25 April 1828) was a French playwright and critic, best known today for his operatic librettos, including those set to music by Étienne Méhul and Luigi Cherubini (most notably Cherubini's ""Médée"", 1797). Hoffman was born in Nancy, and studied law at the University of Strasbourg. However, his stammer hindered his legal career, and he entered military service in Corsica. He served there for only a very short time, and, returning to Nancy, wrote some poems which brought him into notice at the little court of Lunéville over which the Marquise de Boufflers"
"Charles Gounod Charles-François Gounod (; ; 17 June 181817 or 18 October 1893) was a French composer, best known for his ""Ave Maria,"" based on a work by Bach, as well as his opera ""Faust"". Another opera by Gounod still performed is ""Roméo et Juliette"". Gounod died at Saint-Cloud in 1893, after a final revision of his twelve operas. His funeral took place ten days later at the Church of the Madeleine, with Camille Saint-Saëns playing the organ and Gabriel Fauré conducting. He was buried at the Cimetière d'Auteuil in Paris. Gounod was born in Paris, the son of a"
"Johann Vogel (composer) Johann Christoph Vogel (also given as Fogel) (18 March 1756 Nuremberg-28 June 1788 Paris) was a German composer. He spent most of his life working in France. He moved to Paris in 1776, and entered the service of the Duke of Montmorency and then of the Count of Valentinois as a horn player. He composed a great number of orchestral and chamber works but is best remembered for his oratorio ""Jephté"", performed at the Concert Spirituel in September 1781, and for his two operas. Although his music was received favourably, his works never became extremely popular because"
"he produced a new musical score for Philippe Quinault's libretto ""Alceste"", originally set by Jean-Baptiste Lully in 1674. Floquet's version was rehearsed but then rejected by the Paris Opéra. The composer was in poor health and the disappointment at his failure to have ""Alceste"" staged was said to have contributed to his early death soon afterwards. He left two unfinished operas, one of which, the ""fairyland opera"" (""opéra féerie"") ""Alcindor"", was completed by Nicolas Dezède and given its unsuccessful première on 17 April 1787. Étienne-Joseph Floquet Étienne-Joseph Floquet (23 November 174810 May 1785) was a French composer, mainly of operas."
"Selective bibliography Richard Strauss Richard Georg Strauss (; 11 June 1864 – 8 September 1949) was a leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras. He is known for his operas, which include ""Der Rosenkavalier"", ""Elektra"", ""Die Frau ohne Schatten"" and ""Salome""; his Lieder, especially his ""Four Last Songs""; his tone poems, including ""Don Juan"", ""Death and Transfiguration"", ""Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks"", ""Also sprach Zarathustra"", ""Ein Heldenleben"", ""Symphonia Domestica"", and ""An Alpine Symphony""; and other instrumental works such as ""Metamorphosen"" and his Oboe Concerto. Strauss was also a prominent conductor in Western Europe and the Americas, enjoying"
"matters of orchestration), Cornelius's relations with the so-called ""New German School"" of composition were sometimes rocky. For instance, he did not attend the premiere of ""Tristan und Isolde"", using the premiere of his own opera ""Der Cid"" as an excuse. Cornelius's third and final operatic project, ""Gunlöd"", based on the Norse eddas, was left incomplete at his death (from diabetes) in Mainz. He was buried in the city's Hauptfriedhof, and his grave can still be seen there. Peter Cornelius Carl August Peter Cornelius (24 December 1824 – 26 October 1874) was a German composer, writer about music, poet and translator."
"Ernest Guiraud Ernest Guiraud (; 26 June 1837 – 6 May 1892) was a French composer and music teacher born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He is best known for writing the traditional orchestral recitatives used for Bizet's opera ""Carmen"" and for Offenbach's opera ""Les contes d'Hoffmann"" (""The Tales of Hoffmann""). Guiraud began his schooling in Louisiana under the tutelage of his father, Jean-Baptiste-Louis Guiraud, who had won the Prix de Rome in 1827. At age 15, he set a full-length libretto about King David to music that he and his father had found on a trip to Paris. The result"
"Julien Hoffmann Julien Hoffmann (31 May 1924 – 2007) was a Luxembourgian composer and Professor of Music. Notable arrangements by Hoffman include ""Arrangement fir 3 gleich Stömmen"" ""Arrangement fir Gemöschte Cho'er"" and ""La Provence"", the last composed with Ralph Siegel. Other compositions include ""Léif Consolatrix"", arranged by Patrick Colombo and published by the Musica International Musica Sacra Luxembourg and "" Halleluja "" with Kobi Oshrat, which like ""La Provence"" was published by Bosworth Musikverlag. Hoffmann composed the march ""La marche du Grand-Duc Henri"", first performed at a special concert before the Grand Ducal family at the Grand Ducal Palace at"
"was especially active in directing the famous Wagner performances at the Prinzregententheater up to 1903, in which year, on September 4, he died suddenly, aged 53. Among his compositions were: a fairy opera, ""Anhana"" (Berlin, 1880), ""Die verwunschene Prinzessin"", operettas """" (Hamburg, 1886), ""Karin"" (Hamburg, 1888), and ""Polnische Wirtschaft"" (Berlin, 1891). At his death the score of another opera, ""Sawitri"", was found incomplete and was scored by Gustav von Roessler, and produced at Schwerin. Hermann Zumpe Hermann Zumpe (9 April 1850 – 4 September 1903) was a German conductor and composer. Born in Oppach, Saxony, Zumpe grew up in Taubenheim"
"Felix Mendelssohn Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 1809 4 November 1847), born and widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early romantic period. Mendelssohn wrote symphonies, concertos, oratorios, piano music and chamber music. His best-known works include his Overture and incidental music for ""A Midsummer Night's Dream"", the ""Italian Symphony"", the ""Scottish Symphony"", the overture ""The Hebrides"", his mature Violin Concerto, and his String Octet. His ""Songs Without Words"" are his most famous solo piano compositions. After a long period of relative denigration due to changing musical tastes and antisemitism"
"composer Franz Schubert. The famous Schubert song ""An Sylvia"" used Bauernfeld's translation of Shakespeare: Schubert also set a handful of original Bauernfeld poems. At his death Schubert left an unfinished opera ""Der Graf von Gleichen"" to a libretto by Bauernfeld. There are Memoirs of Schubert and his circle (including the painter Moritz von Schwind who Bauernfeld had known from the Gymnasium (school) in Vienna and remained close friends with until old age) from Bauernfeld in Deutsch's book ""Schubert Memoirs by his friends"". Bauernfeld’s immortal beloved was Clotilde Neilreich Dornau (1805-1885). He also used the pseudonyms ""Rusticocampus"" or ""Feld"". Eduard von"
"least 135 works, of which ', set to music by Aimé Maillart, was perhaps the most successful. Carré, who had initially trained as a painter, had worked with Jules Barbier on Gounod's opera ""Faust"" and had co-written the play ', which became the basis of the libretto for Offenbach's opera ""The Tales of Hoffmann"". Before ' Cormon and Carré had previously written a libretto for Maillart on a similar theme, ', which had been performed in 1860; they had originally planned to set their new story in Mexico before changing its location to Ceylon. By general critical consent the libretto"
"the most influential and important of French 19th-century operatic composers."" ""See: List of operas by Ambroise Thomas."" solo voice and piano, except where otherwise stated Ambroise Thomas Charles Louis Ambroise Thomas (; 5 August 1811 – 12 February 1896) was a French composer and teacher, best known for his operas ""Mignon"" (1866) and ""Hamlet"" (1868). Born into a musical family, Thomas was a student at the Conservatoire de Paris, winning France's top music prize, the Prix de Rome. He pursued a career as a composer of operas, completing his first opera, ""La double échelle"", in 1837. He wrote twenty further"
"Bernd Alois Zimmermann Bernd Alois Zimmermann (20 March 1918, Bliesheim, Rhine Province – 10 August 1970, Königsdorf (Frechen); full name ""Bernhard Alois Zimmermann"") was a German composer. He is perhaps best known for his opera ""Die Soldaten"", which is regarded as one of the most important German operas of the 20th century, after those of Berg. As a result of his individual style, it is hard to label his music as avant-garde, serial or postmodern. His music employs a wide range of methods including the twelve-tone row and musical quotation. Zimmermann was born in Bliesheim (now part of Erftstadt) near"
"and Knapp believe that, despite the years of relative neglect, Handel's achievements as a composer of opera entitle him to rank alongside Monteverdi, Mozart, Verdi, and Richard Wagner as one of the supreme masters of the genre. Handel's lost Hamburg operas In 1703, the 18-year-old composer George Frideric Handel took up residence in Hamburg, Germany, where he remained until 1706. During this period he composed four operas, only the first of which, ""Almira"", has survived more or less intact. Of the other three, the music for ""Nero"" is lost, while only short orchestral excerpts from ""Florindo"" and ""Daphne"" survive. Handel"
"incorporated into Pierre Gardel's ballet-pantomime ""Psyché"" (1790), which had more than 1000 performances at the Opéra National de Paris between its première and 1829. Johann Vogel (composer) Johann Christoph Vogel (also given as Fogel) (18 March 1756 Nuremberg-28 June 1788 Paris) was a German composer. He spent most of his life working in France. He moved to Paris in 1776, and entered the service of the Duke of Montmorency and then of the Count of Valentinois as a horn player. He composed a great number of orchestral and chamber works but is best remembered for his oratorio ""Jephté"", performed at"
"Handel's lost Hamburg operas In 1703, the 18-year-old composer George Frideric Handel took up residence in Hamburg, Germany, where he remained until 1706. During this period he composed four operas, only the first of which, ""Almira"", has survived more or less intact. Of the other three, the music for ""Nero"" is lost, while only short orchestral excerpts from ""Florindo"" and ""Daphne"" survive. Handel was born and grew up in Halle, where he received his early musical education and became an accomplished organist. In Hamburg he obtained employment as a violinist at the Oper am Gänsemarkt, the city's famous opera house."
"""The Tales of Hoffmann"", was originally intended as a grand opera. When the work was accepted by Léon Carvalho for production at the Opéra-Comique, Offenbach agreed to make it an opéra comique with spoken dialogue. It was incomplete when he died; Faris speculates that, but for Georges Bizet's premature death, Bizet rather than Guiraud would have been asked to complete the piece and would have done so more satisfactorily. The critic Tim Ashley writes, ""Stylistically, the opera reveals a remarkable amalgam of French and German influences … Weberian chorales preface Hoffmann's narrative. Olympia delivers a big coloratura aria straight out"
"Ambroise Thomas Charles Louis Ambroise Thomas (; 5 August 1811 – 12 February 1896) was a French composer and teacher, best known for his operas ""Mignon"" (1866) and ""Hamlet"" (1868). Born into a musical family, Thomas was a student at the Conservatoire de Paris, winning France's top music prize, the Prix de Rome. He pursued a career as a composer of operas, completing his first opera, ""La double échelle"", in 1837. He wrote twenty further operas over the next decades, mostly comic, but he also treated more serious subjects, finding considerable success with audiences in France and abroad. Thomas was"
"Adolphe Adam Adolphe Charles Adam (; 24 July 1803 – 3 May 1856) was a French composer and music critic. A prolific composer of operas and ballets, he is best known today for his ballets ""Giselle"" (1841) and ""Le corsaire"" (1856, his last work), his operas ""Le postillon de Lonjumeau"" (1836), ""Le toréador"" (1849) and ""Si j'étais roi"" (1852) Adolphe Adam was born in Paris, to Jean-Louis Adam (1758–1848), who was a prominent Alsatian composer, as well a professor at the Paris Conservatoire. His mother was the daughter of a physician. As a child, Adolphe Adam preferred to improvise music"
"August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben (; 2 April 179819 January 1874) was a German poet. He is best known for writing ""Das Lied der Deutschen"", its third stanza now being the national anthem of Germany, and a number of popular children's songs, considered part of the Young Germany movement. Hoffmann was born in Fallersleben in Lower Saxony, then in the duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg. The son of a merchant and mayor of his native city, he was educated at the classical schools of Helmstedt and Braunschweig, and afterwards at the universities of Göttingen and Bonn. His"
"honorary director of the St Cecilia Choir of Walferdange. His daughter is mezzo-soprano Yannchen Hoffmann. Hoffman died in 2007. Julien Hoffmann Julien Hoffmann (31 May 1924 – 2007) was a Luxembourgian composer and Professor of Music. Notable arrangements by Hoffman include ""Arrangement fir 3 gleich Stömmen"" ""Arrangement fir Gemöschte Cho'er"" and ""La Provence"", the last composed with Ralph Siegel. Other compositions include ""Léif Consolatrix"", arranged by Patrick Colombo and published by the Musica International Musica Sacra Luxembourg and "" Halleluja "" with Kobi Oshrat, which like ""La Provence"" was published by Bosworth Musikverlag. Hoffmann composed the march ""La marche du"
"later. Offenbach died in Paris in 1880 at the age of 61. His cause of death was certified as heart failure brought on by acute gout. He was given a state funeral; ""The Times"" wrote, ""The crowd of distinguished men that accompanied him on his last journey amid the general sympathy of the public shows that the late composer was reckoned among the masters of his art."" He is buried in the Montmartre Cemetery. In ""The Musical Times"", Mark Lubbock wrote in 1957: Among other well-known Offenbach numbers are the Doll Song, ""Les oiseaux dans la charmille"" (""The Tales of"
"Melchior Hoffmann (composer) Georg Melchior Hoffmann (c. 1679 – 6 October 1715) was a Baroque composer who was influential as the leader at the Collegium Musicum in Leipzig. His compositions have been mistaken for those of Johann Sebastian Bach. Hoffman was born sometime around 1679 (or 1685 according to some sources) in Bärenstein, Saxony, Germany. His first musical service was as a choirboy in Dresden, under the tutelage of Johann Christoph Schmidt. In 1702 he moved to Leipzig to study law. Simultaneously he joined Georg Philipp Telemann at the Collegium Musicum in Leipzig and acted as the organization's copyist. Hoffmann"
"""Requiem for a Young Poet"", the text is used to progress the piece by overlapping texts from various sources. He created his own musical stance using the metaphor ""the spherical form of time"". Bernd Alois Zimmermann Bernd Alois Zimmermann (20 March 1918, Bliesheim, Rhine Province – 10 August 1970, Königsdorf (Frechen); full name ""Bernhard Alois Zimmermann"") was a German composer. He is perhaps best known for his opera ""Die Soldaten"", which is regarded as one of the most important German operas of the 20th century, after those of Berg. As a result of his individual style, it is hard to"
"Charles Lecocq Alexandre Charles Lecocq (3 June 1832 – 24 October 1918) was a French composer, known for his opérettes and opéras comiques. He became the most prominent successor to Jacques Offenbach in this sphere, and enjoyed considerable success in the 1870s and early 1880s, before the changing musical fashions of the late 19th century made his style of composition less popular. His few serious works include the opera ""Plutus"" (1886), which was not a success, and the ballet ""Le cygne"" (1899). His only piece to survive in the regular modern operatic repertory is his 1872 opéra comique ""La fille"
"sometimes fully staged as operas. With the rediscovery of his theatrical works, Handel, in addition to his renown as instrumentalist, orchestral writer, and melodist, is now perceived as being one of opera's great musical dramatists. The original form of his name, Georg Friedrich Händel, is generally used in Germany and elsewhere, but he is known as ""Haendel"" in France. A different composer, Jacob Handl or Händl (1550–1591) is usually known by the Latin form Jacobus Gallus that appears in his publications. Handel has generally been accorded high esteem by fellow composers, both in his own time and since. Bach attempted,"