"as effective as aspirin alone or in combination with codeine. However, simple analgesics may have little effect on some causes of toothache, and the severe pain can drive individuals to exceed the maximum dose. For example, when acetaminophen (paracetamol) is taken for toothache, an accidental overdose is more likely to occur when compared to people who are taking acetaminophen for other reasons. Another risk in persons with toothache is a painful chemical burn of the oral mucosa caused by holding a caustic substance such as aspirin tablets and toothache remedies containing eugenol (such as clove oil) against the gum. Although"
"used as a remedy for toothache. It has, however, been used as a sialagogue, an agent that increases saliva. The crushed roots have a strong scent. The lower part of the stem produces a numbing sensation when it is chewed. The agents responsible for this action are isobutylamides. Ctenium aromaticum Ctenium aromaticum is a species of grass known by the common name toothache grass. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it grows on the coastal plain. This is a perennial grass that forms clumps of stems reaching 1 to 1.5 meters in maximum height. The leaves are"
"medicine, including ""cedria"" and ""pissinum"". ""Cedria"" was the pitch and resin of the cedar tree, being equivalent to the oil of tar and pyroligneous acid which are used in the first stage of distilling creosote. He recommends cedria to ease the pain in a toothache, as an injection in the ear in case of hardness of hearing, to kill parasitic worms, as a preventative for impregnation, as a treatment for phthiriasis and porrigo, as an antidote for the poison of the sea hare, as a liniment for elephantiasis, and as an ointment to treat ulcers both on the skin and"
"effect."" There have been some modern studies of the oil's chemical constituents and their antifungal and cytotoxic effects. In 2012, a Pennsylvania distillery introduced a bitters called Bartram's Bitters that uses prickly ash bark as one of several botanical ingredients. The concoction was based on a recipe for ""Bartram's Homestead Bitters"" that was found in a book that belonged to the family of botanist John Bartram. Zanthoxylum americanum Zanthoxylum americanum, the common prickly-ash, common pricklyash, common prickly ash or northern prickly-ash (also sometimes called toothache tree, yellow wood, or suterberry), is an aromatic shrub or small tree native to central"
"called ""toothache plant"". Pellitory (Anacyclus pyrethrum) was traditionally used to relieve toothache. In Kathmandu, Nepal, there is a shrine to Vaishya Dev, the Newar god of toothache. The shrine consists of part of an old tree to which sufferers of toothache nail a rupee coin in order to ask the god to relieve their pain. The lump of wood is called the ""toothache tree"" and is said to have been cut from the legendary tree, Bangemudha. On this street, many traditional tooth pullers still work and many of the city's dentists have advertisements placed next to the tree. The phrase"
"toothache. The Ebers papyrus (1500 BC) details a recipe to treat ""gnawing of the blood in the tooth"", which included fruit of the gebu plant, onion, cake, and dough, to be chewed for four days. Archigenes of Apamea describes use of a mouthwash made by boiling gallnuts and hallicacabum in vinegar, and a mixture of roasted earthworms, spikenard ointment, and crushed spider eggs. Pliny advises toothache sufferers to ask a frog to take away the pain by moonlight. Claudius' physician Scribonius Largus recommends """"fumigations made with the seeds of the hyoscyamus scattered on burning charcoal ... followed by rinsings of"
"medicinal value include hare, fox (fox grease is recommended for muscle cramps), goat, ox, elephant ivory, and beaver. Some of the minerals and liquids listed are lyme, glass, magnets, pearls, amber, sulpher, water, and vinegar. Foods that double as remedies are also present, with cheese prescribed for purgation, butter, honey, and zipules (a type of heavy fritter) recommended for toothaches. Some of the entries feature truly unusual remedies, such as a lengthy section on the use of mummy (spelled as mommie), the powdered version of which is described as a remedy for stopping nosebleeds. Besides medical uses, these entries also"
"tobacco is also used in ethnobotany for medical treatment of physical conditions. As a pain killer it has been used for earache and toothache and occasionally as a poultice. Some indigenous peoples in California have used tobacco as one ingredient in smoking mixtures for treating colds; usually it is mixed with the leaves of the small desert sage, ""Salvia dorrii"", or the root of Indian balsam or cough root, ""Leptotaenia multifida"" (the addition of which was thought to be particularly good for asthma and tuberculosis). In addition to its traditional medicinal uses, tobacco was also used as a form of"
"as tension preventatives. It is an oil for massage gout, arthritis, bursitis, and more. Black Pepper is also a cancer pre-emptive, in many occasions a lifespan enhancer. It helps heart problems such as disease and high cholesterol. Hot peppers, a capsaicin main ingredient, is a pain reliever that prevents colds, flus, and those above. In addition, Plantains keeps the heart healthy by containing high potassium. Poppy seeds are cancer presenters (blocking 80% of the chromosomal damage in carcinogen). Spices have a high amount of biological activity and enhance life. Next, Thyme helps with/does: helps digestion., breaks fever, relieves the following:"
"as treating swollen gums and toothaches. The stalks of this plant have also been commonly used as a food ingredient. The stems have been made into decorative items. The seeds are often used as a seasoning condiment in food as well as a source of flavoring in liqueur. Another popular usage for this herb is its ingredient in cosmetic products. Aside from the medicinal properties that this plant offers, this species also contain furocoumarins which increases skin sensitivity to sunlight and may cause dermatitis. Another compound called the angelicotoxin, is an active ingredient within the root. This has an excitatory"
"flavour and containing 50% or more volatile oil. It is used mainly for flavouring food products such as cakes and confectionary. Ground spice has been replaced by oils and oleoresin in food industry. Commonly used in the formulation of health and beauty aids, the very distinct scent of cinnamon ""leaf"" is less aromatherapeutic and more medicinal than the very familiar, more pleasant cinnamon ""bark"" oil. Also the oil of the leaves has antiseptic properties and so is included as a constituent of many toiletry and remedial products like cleansers, oral rinses and topical skin applications. Leaf oil distillations are normally"
"an alkaloid, a glucoside, tannins, β-sitosterol, γ-sitosterol and a long chain aliphatic compound, fatty oils, resins and colouring matters. Roots contain tetracosyl ferrulate and β-sitosterol-D-glucoside. In the Yunani system, the root is used as a tonic for the liver and brain; effective against bronchitis, piles, lumbago, toothache, and boils of the scalp; it also is said to lessen inflammation and heal fractures. The root is said to be fragrant, bitter and useful in rheumatism and allied disorders, in which it is prescribed in a variety of forms. It is also used in the composition of several medicated oils for external"
"a recipe for a tooth-powder of sage and salt. It appears in recipes for Four Thieves Vinegar, a blend of herbs which was supposed to ward off the plague. In past centuries, it was also used for hair care, insect bites and wasp stings, nervous conditions, mental conditions, oral preparations for inflammation of the mouth, tongue and throat, and also to reduce fevers. In Britain, sage has for generations been listed as one of the essential herbs, along with parsley, rosemary, and thyme (as in the folk song ""Scarborough Fair""). It has a savory, slightly peppery flavor. Sage appears in"
"are then sown in nursery beds of sand and soil at the rate of 3:1, and germination has been noted to occur within 70 days. Its chemical composition is known by the name “ashtagandha”, which means a fragrant smell, which is used for making incense sticks commonly used for worship. It is used for fumigation and also for Hindu ritual of fire sacrifice called yagna. Its wide therapeutic use, after making a decoction of the bark is for curing arthritis, anorexia, cardiac debility, to remove intestinal worms, inflammation, leprosy and rheumatism. Its oil is used for curing ear ache and"
"diaphoretic, emetic, emmenagogue, purgative, stimulant, stomachic, and tonic for a wide range of ailments including diarrhea, dysentery, ear infections, fever, gastritis, leucorrhea, malaria, rheumatism, skin disorders, snakebite, and typhoid. In Mexico it has been used as a diaphoretic, stimulant, tonic against fever, inflammation, snake bite, toothache, and tumors. The first description of the plant, root and its medical usage in Mexico is said to have been made by the Spanish naturalist and physician Francisco Hernández de Toledo in the 16th century: “The herb called Tozpàtli has a round root about the size of a hazelnut, with thin fibrous roots, and"
"used in mediaeval texts to describe the dried leaves of a number of trees of the genus ""Cinnamomum"", which were thought to have medicinal properties. The Greeks used ""kásia"" (cassia) or ""malabathron"" to flavour wine, with absinth wormwood (""Artemisia absinthium""). Malabathrum leaves (""folia"") were used in cooking and for distilling an oil used in a caraway-sauce for oysters by the Roman gourmet Gaius Gavius Apicius. Malabathrum is among the spices that, according to Apicius, any good kitchen should contain. Malobathrum from Egypt (Dioscorides I, 63) was based on beef fat and contained cinnamon, as well; one pound cost 300 ""denarii""."
"Snake oil Snake oil is a traditional Chinese medicament utilizing fat extracted from the Chinese water snake (""Enhydris chinensis""). It is a rubefacient and/or ointment, and is applied topically to relieve minor physical pain. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for many centuries, and is a relatively common medication prescribed by doctors ascribing the practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Its effectiveness as medicine has been a historical source of controversy in the Western world, where there is much confusion over its origin and constitution due to a U.S. District Court judgment against Clark Stanley. In Western culture, snake"
"called it ""Anethon"" from which the botanical name was derived. The common name comes from the Anglo-Saxon dylle or dylla, which then changed to dill. The word means 'to lull' – referring to its soothing properties. In the Middle Ages it was used as a charm against witchcraft. From 812 onwards, when Charlemagne, Emperor of France, ordered the extensive cultivation of this herb, it has been widely used, especially as a culinary herb. Dill oil is known for its grass-like smell and its pale yellow color, with a watery viscosity. Dill oil is used for the relief of flatulence, especially"
"Acmella Acmella is a genus of plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, described as a genus in 1807. It is native to the Americas and has been introduced to Asia, Africa, the Pacific islands, and Australia. One familiar species is ""Acmella oleracea"", which has been widely cultivated for centuries. It is used for food and medicine, and as an insecticide and an ornamental plant. Its common use as an herbal remedy for toothache and oral infections earned it the nickname toothache plant. These are annual or perennial herbs with branching stems usually reaching 10 to 20 centimeters in length, growing"
"made from the dried seeds of the rainforest orchid tree. It is widely grown, especially in Madagascar. ""This is not an advertisement for these medicines, but a discussion of these plants."" Anise manages the upper respiratory problems like bronchitis, coughs, and stuffy noses. Moreover, it relieves upset stomach and aids digestion. It is useful to curb flatulence and aids asthma. It also alleviates female organ troubles and conditions. Castor oil is a cathartic reliever. The practice is a poultice of warm oil soaked in wool flannel and applied with a heating pad (1 hour, 3 times a week) to cause"
"be applied to abrasions and other minor skin ailments. Myrrh has also been recommended as an analgesic for toothaches and can be used in linament for bruises, aches, and sprains. Myrrh is a common ingredient of tooth powders. Myrrh and borax in tincture can be used as a mouthwash. A compound tincture, or horse tincture, using myrrh is used in veterinary practice for healing wounds. Myrrh gum is commonly claimed to remedy indigestion, ulcers, colds, cough, asthma, lung congestion, arthritis pain, and cancer. In traditional Chinese medicine, myrrh is classified as bitter and spicy, with a neutral temperature. It is"
"pepper (""Piper nigrum"") was a costly and rarely obtainable spice. Like the rest of the genus ""Clematis"", it contains essential oils and compounds which are extremely irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Unlike Black Pepper or ""Capsicum"", however, the compounds in clematis cause internal bleeding of the digestive tract if ingested internally in large amounts. The plants are essentially toxic. Despite its toxicity, Native Americans used very small amounts of clematis for migraine headaches and nervous disorders. It was also used as an effective treatment of skin infections. A whole-plant hot water extraction was used to treat eczema, and"
"""Nardostachys jatamansi"" may have been used as an ingredient in the incense known as spikenard, although lavender has also been suggested as a candidate for the spikenard of classical times. It also has a variety of purported uses in the state of Sikkim located in Northeastern India. Nardostachys jatamansi Nardostachys jatamansi is a flowering plant of the Valerian family that grows in the Himalayas. It is a source of a type of intensely aromatic amber-colored essential oil, spikenard. The oil has, since ancient times, been used as a perfume, as a medicine and in religious contexts. It is also called"
"above TDI. Cinnamon Cinnamon ( ) is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ""Cinnamomum"". Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, breakfast cereals, snackfoods, tea and traditional foods. The aroma and flavour of cinnamon derive from its essential oil and principal component, cinnamaldehyde, as well as numerous other constituents, including eugenol. The term ""cinnamon"" also is used to describe its mid-brown colour. Cinnamon is the name for several species of trees and the commercial spice products that some"
"Allspice Allspice, also called pimenta, Jamaica pimenta, or myrtle pepper, is the dried unripe fruit (berries, used as a spice) of ""Pimenta dioica"", a midcanopy tree native to the Greater Antilles, southern Mexico, and Central America, now cultivated in many warm parts of the world. The name ""allspice"" was coined as early as 1621 by the English, who thought it combined the flavour of cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves. Several unrelated fragrant shrubs are called ""Carolina allspice"" (""Calycanthus floridus""), ""Japanese allspice"" (""Chimonanthus praecox""), or ""wild allspice"" (""Lindera benzoin""). ""Allspice"" is also sometimes used to refer to the herb costmary (""Tanacetum balsamita"")."
"Croton oil Croton oil (""Crotonis oleum"") is an oil prepared from the seeds of ""Croton tiglium"", a tree belonging to the order Euphorbiales and family Euphorbiaceae, and native or cultivated in India and the Malay Archipelago. Small doses taken internally cause diarrhea. Externally, the oil can cause irritation and swelling. Croton oil is used in some chemical peels, due to its caustic exfoliating effects it has on the skin. Used in conjunction with phenol solutions, it results in an intense reaction which leads to initial skin sloughing. Since croton oil is very irritating and painful, it is used in laboratory"
"Mustard oil The term mustard oil is used for two different oils that are made from mustard seeds: The pungency of mustard oil is due to the presence of allyl isothiocyanate, an activator of the TRPA1 channel. This oil has a distinctive pungent taste, characteristic of all plants in the mustard (Brassicaceae) family (for example, cabbage, cauliflower, turnip, radish, horseradish, or wasabi). It is often used for cooking in North India, Eastern India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. In Bengal, Orissa, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, and Nepal, it is the traditionally preferred oil for cooking. The oil makes up about 30% of"
"Sometimes, chopi leaves are added to anchovy-salt mixture to make herbed fish sauce, called ""chopi-aekjeot"". In Japan, the thick wood of the tree is traditionally made into a gnarled and rough-hewn wooden pestle, to use with suribachi. The husks are used medicinally. In traditional Chinese medicine it finds uses similar to the ""hua jiao"" or Sichuan pepper In Japanese pharmaceuticals, the mature husks with seeds removed are considered the crude medicine form of ""sanshō"". It is an ingredient in , and the ""toso"" wine served ceremonially. The pungent taste derives from sanshool and sanshoamide. It also contains aromatic oils geraniol,"
"This oil is mainly estragole but also contains substantial amounts of linalool. Estragole is the primary constituent of essential oil of tarragon (comprising 60–75%). It is also present in pine oil, turpentine, fennel, anise (2%), ""Clausena anisata"" and ""Syzygium anisatum"". Estragole is used in perfumes and as a food additive for flavor. Upon treatment with potassium hydroxide, estragole converts to anethole. A known use of estragole is in the synthesis of magnolol. Estragole is suspected to be carcinogenic and genotoxic, as is indicated by a report of the European Union, Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products. Several studies have clearly established"
"treatment of asthma and internal injury. The rhizome is also chewed by the local inhabitants of Uttarakhand to remove the bad smell from their teeth or mouth. The paste of fresh rhizome is given orally with hot water to the cattle and other domestic animals in case of stomach disorder. However, in Manipur, the rhizome is cooked to prepare chutney.[14] In Himachal Pradesh, leaves are used in making mats for the home, combined with wheat straw, enhancing the durability of the product. The aromatic dried root of this plant is often used as an incense in Ethiopia. Hedychium spicatum Hedychium"
"as a crop. Coumarin derivatives are also used medicinally, as anti-coagulants. Tonka bean oil Tonka bean oil is extracted from the seed of ""Dipteryx odorata"". The oil is composed primarily of coumarin, which is used to flavor tobacco. It is neither a pressed oil, nor an essential oil, but was traditionally obtained by soaking the large, single tonka bean seed in rum or other alcohol for 24 hours, after which crystals of coumarin appear on the outside of the seed, and are then collected. The seeds contain up to 46% oil by dry weight. In recent years, most commercially produced"
"Tetrapharmacum Tetrapharmacum, Latinized from the Greek τετραφάρμακος ""tetrapharmakos"" (feminine; also τετραϕάρμακον ""tetrapharmakon"") ""the ""fourfold drug"", was an ancient Greek pharmaceutical compound, a mixture of wax, pine resin, pitch and animal fat, most often pork fat. The word ""tetrapharmakos"" has been used metaphorically by 1st-century Epicureans to refer to the four Κύριαι Δόξαι (""chief doctrines"") or remedies for healing the soul. Apparently named after this unprepossessing concoction, ""tetrapharmacum""(or """"tetrafarmacum"") was a complicated and expensive dish in Roman Imperial cuisine. It contained sow's udder, pheasant, wild boar and ham in pastry. The only surviving source of information on the tetrafarmacum is the"
"warm aroma are due to its essential oil content, primarily the aroma compound, cuminaldehyde. Other aroma compounds of toasted cumin are the substituted pyrazines, 2-ethoxy-3-isopropylpyrazine, 2-methoxy-3-""sec""-butylpyrazine, and 2-methoxy-3-methylpyrazine. Other components include γ-terpinene, safranal, p-cymene, and β-pinene. In a 100-g reference amount, cumin seeds provide high amounts of the Daily Value for fat (especially monounsaturated fat), protein, and dietary fiber (table). B vitamins, vitamin E, and several dietary minerals, especially iron, magnesium, and manganese, are present in substantial Daily Value amounts (table). Cumin seeds contain petroselinic acid. Cumin is sometimes confused with caraway (""Carum carvi""), another umbelliferous spice. Cumin, though, is"