"in MoD Donnington near Telford. The Victoria Cross: For Valour The Victoria Cross: For Valour is a 2003 BBC television historical documentary presented by Jeremy Clarkson. Clarkson examines the history of the Victoria Cross, and follows the story of one of the 1,354 men who were awarded it - Major Robert Henry Cain. The main part of the programme was to describe how in September 1944, Major Cain won what was described as the ""finest Victoria Cross of the whole war"" by his commanding officer Lt Col Derek McNally. At the end of the programme it is revealed that Clarkson"
"The obverse depicts the diademed head of a young Queen Victoria with the legend , designed by William Wyon.<br>The reverse shows a helmeted Britannia holding a wreath in her right hand and a union shield on her left arm. She is standing in front of a lion. Above is the word , with the dates below. The reverse was designed by Leonard Charles Wyon, who also engraved the die of the medal.<br>The wide ribbon is white with two scarlet stripes, with each stripe of equal width. Five clasps were authorised, though the maximum awarded to any one man was four."
"obverse has a central medallion bearing the right facing image of Saint George on horseback slaying the dragon. The reverse of the central medallion bears the Cyrillic monogram of the Order of Saint George ""SG"" (Russian: «СГ»). The reverse of the two lateral arms of the cross bear the serial number of the award, the left arm having an embossed letter ""N"" at its left extremity. The class of the cross is embossed on the reverse of the lower arm, ""1-я степ"" for the first class, ""2-я степ"" for the second class, ""3-я степ"" for the third class and ""4-я"
"death. The obverse of the George V version, instituted in 1910, shows the King in Field Marshal's uniform, facing left. It is inscribed ""GEORGIVS V BRITT: OMN: REX ET IND: IMP:"" around the perimeter. In 1916 a new ribbon began to be used for the medal, as published in Army Order 183 of June 1916, to distinguish it from the ribbon of the Victoria Cross. It was still crimson, but edged with 3 millimetres wide white bands. In 1920 the swivelling scroll suspender was altered to a fixed non-swivelling type. The means of attachment to the medal remained a single-toe"
"of the cross. A circle and two half-circles intersect the cross. Above the cross, upside down, are the letters ""AA"". The cross is flanked by two inscriptions, each one reading ""NINΛ"". Under the cross are the letters ""VΛV"". The whole medalet weighs . Smith felt that the legend on the obverse named a 6th-century bishop of Autun, but D. B. Haigh as well as C. H. V. Sutherland, Arthur Evans, and G. C. Brooke all felt that it referred to Liudhard, a Frankish bishop who accompanied the Frankish princess Bertha to Kent in the late 6th century when the Christian"
"is derived from that of the British original, which was the creation of Albert, Prince Consort, royal consort to Queen Victoria. Canada's Victoria Cross is thus a cross ""pattée"" with straight arms, across in each direction, and made out of bronze coloured alloy, the obverse bearing a lion crowned and statant guardant, similar to that which forms the crest of the Royal Arms of Canada, standing upon a representation of St. Edward's Crown, which itself rests above a semi-circular scroll. On the reverse is a raised circle for engraving the date of the act of gallantry along with the name,"
"inscription, as well as being created from a different unspecified metal. The legend has been changed from to the Latin . Although one Canadian VC has been cast, none has been awarded. In 1999, New Zealand created the Victoria Cross for New Zealand, identical to the Australian and British Victoria Crosses, and this has been awarded once, on 2 July 2007 to Corporal Willie Apiata. The Victoria Cross for Australia is identical to the original design. It is a ""cross pattée 41 millimetres high, 36 millimetres wide. The arms of the Cross have raised edges. The obverse bears a Crowned"
"the obverse, the Latin words ""ELIZABETH II DEI GRATIA REGINA"" (Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen) and ""CANADA"" surrounding an effigy of Queen Elizabeth II, symbolizing her roles as both fount of honour and Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Forces. On the reverse is a laurel wreath with a maple leaf at its base encircling the words: ""GULF AND KUWAIT • 1990-1991 • LE GOLFE ET KUWAIT"". This medallion is worn at the left chest, suspended on a 31.8mm wide ribbon coloured with vertical stripes in light blue (representing the Air Command), scarlet (representing the Land Force Command), and"
"the obverse, a raised Greek cross, the ends splayed and rounded, a laurel wreath visible between them, and a St. Edward's Crown, as a symbol of the Canadian monarch's role as the fount of honour, capping the top arm beyond the circumference of the medal. At the cross' centre is a roundel bearing a maple leaf, and on the reverse is two concentric circles, the inner one containing an etched Royal Cypher of the reigning monarch and Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Forces, and the outer one engraved with the words ""MERITORIOUS SERVICE MÉRITOIRE"". This medallion is worn on the left"
"in silver for the Silver Cross class, in gold for the higher classes. The overall design is clearly derived from the then-recently abolished British Order of the Indian Empire. The obverse central disc bears a portrait of the Holy Virgin with the Divine Child in Her arms with the legend ""ΕΥΠΟΙΙΑ"" («Beneficence») on a white enamel ring. The reverse side bears the emblem of the Hellenic Republic. The ""star"" of the Order is a silver eight-pointed star with straight rays, with the same central disc as the obverse of the badge, while the reverse side also bears the emblem of"
"the cross. The reverse of these Orders contains a red medallion depicting a white eagle, with the words ""Peter I, 1904"" written around it. The bravery medals awarded from June 1915 forward are almost identical to the Orders awarded before that date, save for the crossed swords being present on all of them regardless of class. Such Orders also lacked the phrase etched into the obverse of the older ones and the date 1904 on the reverse, which marked the centenary of the First Serbian Uprising. Instead, they merely had King Peter's name on the obverse beside the year when"
"versions, allows the medal to swivel.<br>All medals awarded bear the recipient’s number, rank, name and unit on the rim. There were eight variants of the obverse:<br> The original Victorian obverse shows a Trophy of Arms, designed by Benedetto Pistrucci, incorporating a central shield bearing the Royal Coat of Arms without any inscription, as also seen on early Army Long Service and Good Conduct Medal. From 1902, after the accession of King Edward VII, the effigy of the reigning monarch replaced the trophy of arms, with the respective titles of the monarch inscribed around the perimeter: The reverse of all versions"
"the obverse, was never awarded since the medal was superseded within a few months of the Queen's succession to the throne. The reverse is smooth with a raised rim and bears the inscription ""FOR EFFICIENT SERVICE"" in three lines. On the South African version, the Afrikaans and English inscriptions are ""VIR BEKWAME DIENS"" and ""FOR EFFICIENT SERVICE"", each language in three lines and the languages separated by a 13 millimetres long line. The name of the recipient was impressed on the rim of the medal. Two versions of the clasp were created. The King George V version, illustrated at the"
"cross is suspended by a ring from a seriffed ""V"" to a bar ornamented with laurel leaves, through which the ribbon passes. The reverse of the suspension bar is engraved with the recipient's name, rank, number and unit. On the reverse of the medal is a circular panel, on which the date of the act for which it was awarded is engraved in the centre. The ribbon is crimson, and is 38 millimetres (1.5 inches) wide. Although the warrants state the colour as red, it is defined by most commentators as ""crimson"" or ""wine-red"". The Victoria Cross for Australia is"
"obverse the words ""FRIDR•AUG•D•G•REX•SAX•INSTAURAVIT"" and on the reverse the motto ""VIRTUTI IN BELLO"" (""Bravery in War""). On the obverse, the medallion was yellow-enameled with a painted portrait of St. Henry, the last Saxon Holy Roman Emperor. On the reverse, the medallion bore the Saxon coat of arms (alternating horizontal black and gold stripes with a diagonal rue crown). Between the arms of the cross were green-enameled rue crowns, a symbol of Saxony. The badge was suspended from a royal crown. The Grand Cross was larger than the Commander's Cross, and the Commander's Cross was larger than the Knight's Cross. The"
"version is only awarded in gold. The obverse depicts the Apostles Saint Peter and Saint Paul. On the left arm of the cross is the inscription ""Pro Ecclesia"" (For Church), on the right arm of the cross is ""Et Pontifice"" (And Pope). At the point of the top arm of the cross is the coat of arms of the reigning Pope. At the points of the other arms are small Greek crosses. Below the depiction of the Saints is the Latin name of the Pope. The reverse depicts a Greek cross. Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice The Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice"
"The obverse of the medal is a Roman sword hanging on a tablet bearing the inscription ""FOR SERVICE IN THE SPANISH WAR"". The tablet is surrounded by a wreath, while the sword is sheathed representing the service of the National Guard within the Continental United States, not in combat. The reverse bears the coat of arms of the United States over a scroll inscribed ""FOR SERVICE"" surrounded by a wreath with the insignia of the Infantry at left, Artillery at the bottom and Cavalry at right. The ribbon is emerald green wide. At the edges are golden yellow stripes wide."
"with the recipient's name, rank, number and unit. On the reverse of the medal is a circular panel on which the date of the act for which it was awarded is engraved in the centre. The Original Warrant Clause 1 states that the Victoria Cross ""shall consist of a Maltese cross of bronze"". Nonetheless, it has always been a cross pattée; the discrepancy with the Warrant has never been corrected. The ribbon is crimson, 1 1/2 "" (38 mm) wide. The original (1856) specification for the award stated that the ribbon should be red for army recipients and dark blue"
"obverse features a portrait of the Queen of Canada, Elizabeth II, based on a photograph commissioned by the Bank of Canada in the 2000s. It received approval from Elizabeth II for use on the banknote. The building in the holographic metallic foil is the Peace Tower of Parliament Hill based on a photograph commissioned by the Bank of Canada. The reverse features the Canadian National Vimy Memorial, reflecting the contributions of Canada in conflicts throughout its military history. The memorial was erected on the highest point of Vimy Ridge on land permanently granted to Canada by the Government of France"
"Cross of Saint Peter The Cross of Saint Peter or Petrine Cross is an inverted Latin cross traditionally used as a Christian symbol, but in recent times also used as an anti-Christian symbol. The origin of the symbol comes from the Catholic tradition that Simon Peter was crucified upside down, as told by Origen of Alexandria. The tradition first appears in the ""Martyrdom of Peter"", a fragmented text found in, but possibly predating, the apocryphal ""Acts of Peter"", which was written no later than 200 A.D. It is believed that Peter requested this form of crucifixion as he felt he"
"of the eyelet. The obverse has a central design of the Royal Cypher ""GRI VI"", surmounted by a crown. A circlet, the top of which is covered by the crown, surrounds the cypher and is inscribed ""THE 1939–1945 STAR"". The reverse is plain. The British Honours Committee decided that Second World War campaign medals awarded to British forces would be issued unnamed, a policy applied by all but three British Commonwealth countries. The recipient's name was impressed on the reverse of the stars awarded to Indians, South Africans and, after a campaign led by veteran organisations, to Australians. In the"
"obverse bore a large V for Victory sign with a relief roaring lion in the V, at lower left was the relief year ""1940"", at lower right the relief year ""1945"". A 3mm wide laurel wreath encircled the entire medal on both the obverse and reverse. On the reverse, within a 5mm wide raised circle, the relief inscriptions () within the upper half and () in the lower half, in the center of the raised circle, two 3mm high raised horizontal bars positioned 8mm apart, the upper one bearing the relief inscription (), the lower one bearing (), at center,"
"reverse and with the suspender struck as an integral part of the medal, such as the one depicted. The John Chard Medal is an oval medallion struck in bronze, 39 millimetres wide, 51 millimetres high and 3 millimetres thick. It depicts a tree, the river and the mission station at Rorke's Drift in Natal, the scene of the 1879 battle in which Lieutenant Chard and ten of his men won the Victoria Cross, and is inscribed ""RORKE'S DRIFT 1879"". The scene is surrounded by the inscriptions ""JOHN CHARD"" at the top and ""MEDALJE : MEDAL"" at the bottom. The reverse"
"the obverse is a nimbate bust of Justinian as a general, armed with a lance, wearing a cuirass and crowned with the diadem and ""toupha"". The inscription reads ""Dominus Noster Iustiniianus Perpetuus Augustus"" (Our Lord Justinian, Perpetual Augustus). The reverse shows Justinian, again with a nimbus, riding a richly-dressed horse whose harness recalls that of the horse on the Barberini ivory. In front of him is a Victory holding a palm and a trophy under her left arm. A star is shown on the field, the exergue inscription gives the mark CONOB (indicating a mint in Constantinople) and the legend"
"Queen Victoria. The medal was struck in silver and is a disk, in diameter, somewhat smaller than subsequent Victorian medals. The obverse bears a fouled Naval anchor or ""killick"", surmounted by a Queen's crown and surrounded on both sides by an oak wreath. The entire is encircled by a rope inside the raised rim of the medal. The reverse is inscribed ""FOR LONG SERVICE AND GOOD CONDUCT"" around the circumference, reading around from the bottom, and the inscription is encircled by a rope inside the raised rim of the medal. In the centre of the disk is an encircled space"
"seven different obverses were used. Edward VII, George V, George VI and Elizabeth II each had a single obverse for farthings produced during their respective reigns. Over the long reign of Queen Victoria two different obverses were used, and the short reign of Edward VIII meant that no farthings bearing his likeness were ever issued. The farthing was first issued with the so-called ""bun head"", or ""draped bust"" of Queen Victoria on the obverse. The inscription around the bust read (abbreviated Latin: Victoria by the grace of God queen of Britain defender of the faith). This was replaced in 1895"
"veiled effigy of Queen Victoria, facing left, with the legend ""VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX"" around the upper perimeter. The reverse, designed by G. W. de Saulles, shows Britannia holding the Union Flag in her left hand and a laurel wreath in her right hand. In the right background are troops marching inland from the coast. In the left background are two men-of-war, with Neptune's Trident and Britannia's shield on the ground in the foreground. Around the top perimeter are the words ""SOUTH AFRICA"". Three types of reverse exist. The clasps were attached to the suspender and to each other in"
"follow the usual design, except that coins minted after 1630 do not bear a date, and the reverse inscription reads , meaning """"I reign under the auspices of Christ"""". During the beginning of Oliver Cromwell's Protectorship there was no portrait minted on the obverse - instead there is a wreathed shield featuring St George's Cross, surrounded by the inscription . The reverse features the combined arms of England and Ireland, surrounded by the inscription . In 1656 the minting of milled coinage resumed, this time with the press of the Frenchman Peter Blondeau. The obverse of Cromwell's milled coinage features"
"obverse was designed by Mr. Thomas Hudson Jones based on General Eisenhower’s request that the medal include an invasion scene. The reverse side was designed by Adolph Alexander Weinman and is the same design as used on the reverse of the Asiatic–Pacific and American Campaign Medals. The Bronze medal is 1 3/8 inches in width. On the obverse is a LST landing craft and troops landing under fire with an airplane in the background below the words ""EUROPEAN AFRICAN MIDDLE EASTERN CAMPAIGN"". On the reverse, an American bald eagle close between the dates ""1941 - 1945"" and the words ""UNITED"
"me ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels""). The inscriptions follow the 14th-century convention of showing figures, imagery and motifs associated with the saved to Christ's right, and those of the damned to his left. The words beneath the lily (the ""benedicti"") read upwards towards Heaven, their curves leaning in towards Christ. The text to the left (the ""maledicti"") flows in the opposite direction; from the highest point downwards. The inscriptions to Christ's right are decorated in light colours, to the extent that they are usually difficult to discern in reproductions. The lettering opposite faces"
"the conversion of the medal to the Distinguished Service Cross, including those converted to the Distinguished Service Medal. The medal is bronze, 1.25 inches in diameter. The obverse depicts an eagle facing left, with its wings partially spread. The eagle is surrounded by the inscription ""VIRTUTIS ET AUDACIAE MONUMENTUM ET PRAEMIUM"" (""Virtue and Audacity are Their Own Monument and Reward""). The reverse of the medal bears the word, ""FOR MERIT"" surrounded by an oak wreath of two branches, the stems joined at the bottom by a bow. Around the edge in relief are the words, ""UNITED STATES ARMY"" at the"
"of the higher classes; crowned monograms ""O"" (for ""Oscar"") appear between the arms of the cross. The obverse central disc is red with the golden Norwegian lion rampart bearing a battle axe; the reverse disc bears the King Oscar's motto «Ret og Sandhed» ""Justice and Truth"" in Norwegian; both discs are surrounded by a white-blue-white ring. The cross is topped by a crown; military awards have crossed swords between the crown and the cross. The ""star"" of the Order for the Grand Cross is an eight-pointed silver star with faceted rays, bearing the obverse of the badge of the Order"
"type, affixed to the medal by means of a claw and a horizontal pin through the upper edge of the medal. On the Queen Victoria version, the suspender mount is a double-toe claw, while the King Edward VII version has a single-toe claw. The obverse of the first version of the medal bears the effigy of Queen Victoria, circumscribed ""VICTORIA REGINA ET IMPERATRIX"". The King Edward VII version has the effigy of the King in Field Marshal's uniform, circumscribed ""EDWARDVS VII REX IMPERATOR"". The reverse of both versions have the words ""FOR MERITORIOUS SERVICE"" in three lines, encircled by a"