"Joseph Banks Sir Joseph Banks, 1st Baronet, (19 June 1820) was an English naturalist, botanist and patron of the natural sciences. Banks made his name on the 1766 natural history expedition to Newfoundland and Labrador. He took part in Captain James Cook's first great voyage (1768–1771), visiting Brazil, Tahiti, and, after 6 months in New Zealand, Australia, returning to immediate fame. He held the position of President of the Royal Society for over 41 years. He advised King George III on the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and by sending botanists around the world to collect plants, he made Kew the"
"this, the value of the Botanic Gardens has never been seriously questioned. In the midst of this crisis, Hooker was elected as President of the Royal Society in 1873. This showed publicly the high regard which Hooker's fellow scientists had for him, and the great importance they attached to his work. Hooker Oak in Chico, California, was named after him. Joseph Dalton Hooker Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker (30 June 1817 – 10 December 1911) was a British botanist and explorer in the 19th century. He was a founder of geographical botany and Charles Darwin's closest friend. For twenty years he"
"Lieutenant James Cook (the spelling being an error in the published account of Cook's voyage in ). Lord Morton had been influential in obtaining a grant of £4,000 to finance the voyage. James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton, KT, PRS (1702 – 12 October 1768) was a Scottish astronomer and representative peer who was President of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh from its foundation in 1737 until his death. He also became President of the Royal Society (24 March 1764), and was a distinguished patron of science, and particularly of astronomy. He was born"
"London; the records of the Royal Society mention making a provision of £50 per annum for his wife for the duration of the expedition. Green's sister Mary married the astronomer William Wales, who was part of a Royal Society expedition to Hudson Bay to observe the 1769 transit of Venus and who replaced Green for Cook's next voyage. Charles Green (astronomer) Charles Green (baptised 26 December 1734 – 29 January 1771) was a British astronomer, noted for his assignment by the Royal Society in 1768 to the expedition sent to the Pacific Ocean in order to observe the transit of"
"on 13 March 1771, and reached the English port of Deal on 12 July. The voyage lasted almost three years. The year following his return Cook set out on a second voyage of the Pacific, which lasted from 1772 to 1775. His third and final voyage lasted from 1776 to 1779. On 16 February 1768 the Royal Society petitioned King George III to finance a scientific expedition to the Pacific to study and observe the 1769 transit of Venus across the sun to enable the measurement of the distance from the Earth to the Sun. Royal approval was granted for"
"1760 in his family's London home at 22 Soho Square. In the 1770s, the naturalist Joseph Banks who had circumvented the globe with James Cook, moved into 32 Soho Square in the south-west corner of the square. In 1778, Banks was elected president of the Royal Society and his home became a kind of scientific salon hosting scientists visiting from around the world. His library and herbarium containing many plants gathered during his travels were open to the general public. Between 1778 and 1801 the Square was home to the infamous White House brothel at the Manor House, 21 Soho"
"the Royal Society of London. He was succeeded by Herman Boerhaave. The genus ""Hottonia"" (family Primulaceae) is named in his honor. Petrus Houttuyn Petrus Houttuyn (18 June 1648, Amsterdam – 10 January 1709, Leiden), often cited as Peter Hotton, was a Dutch botanist and medical professor of medicine and botany at Leiden University. As professor of botany, he was ex officio supervisor of the university's botanic garden and was given an official residence and an allowance for foreign correspondence and the exchange of seeds and plants. He studied medicine in Leiden, obtaining his doctor's degree in 1672. In 1695 he"
"his country. He caught dysentery and died in Rabba, Nigeria in 1859. Plants of the genus ""Barteria"" Hook. f. in the Passifloraceae commemorate his name. Charles Barter Charles Barter (1821 – 15 July 1859) was a Scottish gardener and botanist who trained at Kew Gardens in London from 1849 to 1851. He was foreman of Regent's Park of the Royal Botanic Society from 1851 to 1857. In 1857, he joined an expedition to Niger led by William Balfour Baikie (1825–1864), a naturalist and philologist from Scotland, who was in correspondence with Charles Darwin. The expedition ended prematurely when the ship"
"1776 Cook left on the voyage on which he was killed almost three years later, and Boulton's records show no further mention of the instrument. In addition to the scientific discussions and experiments conducted by the group, Boulton had a business relationship with some of the members. Watt and Boulton were partners for a quarter century. Boulton purchased vases from Wedgwood's pottery to be decorated with ormolu, and contemplated a partnership with him. Keir was a long-time supplier and associate of Boulton, though Keir never became his partner as he hoped. In 1785 both Boulton and Watt were elected as"
"Royal Horticultural Society: Fellow of the Royal Society, Haarlem; and President of the Richmond Athenæum, 1907. A rhododendron (""Rhododendron wattii"") was named after him by Cowan and an iris (""Iris wattii"") was named after him by Joseph Dalton Hooker. ""Eranthemum wattii"" (originally ""Daedalacanthus wattii"") was described and named after him by R. H. Beddome. Other plants named after him include ""Clematis wattii"" and ""Primula wattii"". George Watt (botanist) Sir George Watt, CIE FLS (24 April 1851 – 2 April 1930) was a Scottish physician and botanist who worked in India as ""Reporter"" on economic botany and during the course of"
"the difference in the observations and refused to present his findings to the Royal Society until March 1770; however, his report of the expedition, including the astronomical results as well as other climatic and botanical observations, met with approval and he was invited by James Cook to join his next expedition. Wales and William Bayly were appointed by the Board of Longitude to accompany James Cook on his second voyage of 1772–75, with Wales accompanying Cook aboard the ""Resolution"". Wales' brother-in-law Charles Green, had been the astronomer appointed by the Royal Society to observe the 1769 transit of Venus but"
"a member of the Botanical Society of Edinburgh. William Carruthers (botanist) William C Carruthers (29 May 1830 – 2 June 1922) was a Scottish botanist. Carruthers was keeper of the Botanical Department at the Natural History Museum from 1871 to 1895. He was consulting botanist to the Royal Agricultural Society (1871–1909). He was born in Moffat, Dumfriesshire, the son of merchant Samuel Carruthers. Educated at Moffat Academy, he graduated from the University of Edinburgh. He married in 1865 Jeanie, daughter of William Moffat, architect, of Edinburgh. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society in 1871. He was president of"
"Royal Society In 1781 Born proposed that Austria undertake a scientific voyage round the world, emulating those of Cook. Born himself hoped to lead the expedition, but the poor state of his health meant that he had to relinquish the post of leader in favour of Franz Josef Maerter, who was accompanied by Franz Boos. Subsequently, in July 1789, Born recommended Thaddaeus Haenke to the Spanish Government for appointment as botanist on the Malaspina expedition. At the time of his death in 1791, he was writing ""Fasti Leopoldini"", probably relating to the prudent conduct of Leopold II, the successor of"
"Flora Antarctica The Flora Antarctica or formally and correctly The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships Erebus and Terror in the years 1839–1843, under the Command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross, is a description of the many plants discovered on the Ross expedition, which visited islands off the coast of the Antarctic continent, with a summary of the expedition itself, written by Joseph Dalton Hooker and published in parts between 1844 and 1859 by Reeve Brothers in London. Hooker sailed on HMS ""Erebus"" as assistant surgeon. The botanical findings of the Ross expedition were published in"
"of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1747. Whilst living in Mill Hill, he lived in what is now the Ridgeway House boarding house of Mill Hill School. Furthermore, the school also has a Collinson House and more recently a Cedars House, named after the trees Collinson planted. <ol type=”I” start=""1""> Peter Collinson (botanist) Peter Collinson FRS (January 1694 – 11 August 1768) was a Fellow of the Royal Society, an avid gardener, and the middleman for an international exchange of scientific ideas in mid-18th century London. He is best known for his horticultural friendship with John Bartram and"
"two artists, a scientific secretary, and two black servants from his estate. In 1772 he was travelling with James Cook and docked in Simons Town. There he met Christoffel Brand and a friendship started. He was the godfather of Brand's grandson Christoffel Brand. The voyage went to Brazil, where Banks made the first scientific description of a now common garden plant, bougainvillea (named after Cook's French counterpart, Louis Antoine de Bougainville), and to other parts of South America. The voyage then progressed to Tahiti (where the transit of Venus was observed, the overt purpose of the mission), to New Zealand"
"eminent botanist and president of the Royal Society. Five years after this purchase Banks gave Smith his full support in founding the Linnean Society, and he became one of the first Honorary Members of the new society. The society has numbered many prominent scientists amongst its fellows. One such was the botanist Robert Brown, who was president (1849-1853); he named the cell nucleus and discovered Brownian motion. In 1854 Charles Darwin was elected a fellow; he is undoubtedly the most illustrious scientist ever to appear on the membership rolls of the society. Another famous fellow was biologist Thomas Huxley, who"
"languages). Cook theorised that Polynesians originated from Asia, which scientist Bryan Sykes later verified. In New Zealand the coming of Cook is often used to signify the onset of colonisation. Cook carried several scientists on his voyages; they made significant observations and discoveries. Two botanists, Joseph Banks and Swede Daniel Solander, were on the first voyage. The two collected over 3,000 plant species. Banks subsequently strongly promoted British settlement of Australia. Artists also sailed on Cook's first voyage. Sydney Parkinson was heavily involved in documenting the botanists' findings, completing 264 drawings before his death near the end of the voyage."
"when the society stopped holding meetings. However it was re-instituted in 1842 when the Wilkes expedition of the South Seas brought back a collection of plants. In 1838, Lieutenant Charles Wilkes set out on the United States Exploring Expedition commissioned by Congress to circumnavigate the globe and explore the Pacific Ocean. Between the years 1838–1842, the expedition, consisting of six government ships, traveled 87,000 miles and collected a large assortment of horticultural and botanical specimens. These formed the nucleus of the present garden. The expedition also confirmed that Antarctica was a continent. The staff included a botanist, W. D. Breckenridge"
"and to the east coast of Australia, where Cook mapped the coastline and made landfall at Botany Bay then at Round Hill (23-25 May 1770) which is now known as Seventeen Seventy and at Endeavour River (near modern Cooktown) in Queensland, where they spent almost seven weeks ashore while the ship was repaired after becoming holed on the Great Barrier Reef. While they were in Australia, Banks, Daniel Solander and the Finnish botanist Dr. Herman Spöring Jr. made the first major collection of Australian flora, describing many species new to science. Almost 800 specimens were illustrated by the artist Sydney"
"Society primarily promoted science, which was undertaken by gentlemen of means acting independently. The Royal Society created its charters and established a system of governance. Its most famous leader was Isaac Newton, president from 1703 until his death in 1727. Other notable members include diarist John Evelyn, writer Thomas Sprat, and scientist Robert Hooke, the Society's first curator of experiments. It played an international role to adjudicate scientific findings, and published the journal ""Philosophical Transactions"" edited by Henry Oldenburg. The seventeenth century saw new academies open in France, Germany, and elsewhere. By 1700 they were found in most major cultural"
"sometimes included dried plant specimens and natural history curiosities as well. Live plants were more difficult and expensive to send and were reserved for Collinson and a few special correspondents. In 1765 after lobbying by Collinson and Benjamin Franklin in London, George III rewarded Bartram a pension of £50 per year as King's Botanist for North America, a post he held until his death. With this position, Bartram's seeds and plants also went to the royal collection at Kew Gardens. Bartram also contributed seeds to the Oxford and Edinburgh botanic gardens. He was elected a foreign member of the Royal"
"the voyage made by Captain Cook. One of the historians, Alexander Cook, documented the journey in his 2004 article ""Sailing on ""The Ship"": Re-enactment and the Quest for Popular History"". First voyage of James Cook The first voyage of James Cook was a combined Royal Navy and Royal Society expedition to the south Pacific Ocean aboard HMS ""Endeavour"", from 1768 to 1771. It was the first of three Pacific voyages of which Cook was the commander. The aims of this first expedition were to observe the 1769 transit of Venus across the Sun (3–4 June of that year), and to"
"with many botanical specimens. In 1773, he toured south Wales in the company of artist Paul Sandby. When he settled in London he began work on his Florilegium. He kept in touch with most of the scientists of his time, was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1773, and added a fresh interest when he was elected to the Dilettante Society in 1774. He was afterwards secretary of this society from 1778 to 1797. On 30 November 1778 he was elected President of the Royal Society, a position he was to hold with great"
"an auction catalogue after her death. Among the collection that Lightfoot had curated was the ancient ""Portland Vase"" now named after her family. By 1770 Lightfoot had a close and useful friendship with the leading botanist in England at the time, Joseph Banks, and with a pupil of the Swedish botanist Carl von Linné (Linnaeus), Daniel Solander. It was an age for scientists to go on journeys of carefully documented discovery: Banks and Solander accompanied Captain James Cook on a voyage of exploration to the Pacific Ocean. Lightfoot travelled from Chester to Scotland with the Welsh author Thomas Pennant and"
"often used to signify the onset of colonization. He also theorised that Polynesians originated from Asia, which was later proved to be correct by scientist Bryan Sykes. Cook was accompanied by many scientists, whose observations and discoveries added to the importance of the voyages. Two botanists went on the first voyage, Englishman Joseph Banks and Swedish Daniel Solander, between them collecting over 3,000 plant species. Banks became one of the strongest promoters of the settlement of Australia by the British, based on his own personal observations. Cook was also accompanied by artists. Sydney Parkinson completed 264 drawings before his death"
"Thomas Hoy (botanist) Thomas Hoy (c.1750–1 May 1822), was gardener to the Duke of Northumberland at Syon House in Middlesex in the United Kingdom, a position he held for 40 years. Described as ""an experienced botanist and able cultivator"" he became a fellow of the Linnean Society of London in 1788 and presented a number of flowering plants to the society from which several species were first formally described including the Australian plants ""Acacia suaveolens"", ""Acacia myrtifolia"" and ""Goodenia ovata"". He died in Isleworth in 1822 aged 72. Botanist Robert Brown named the plant genus ""Hoya"" in his honour describing"
"of the Royal Society in January 1733. Houstoun's writings and plant specimens, now preserved in the botanical department of the British Museum, passed from Miller to Sir Joseph Banks, by whom the manuscripts were published as ""Reliquiae Houstounianae"" in 1781. The genus ""Houstonia"" was named for him by Gronovius, and adopted by Linnaeus. William Houstoun (botanist) William Houstoun (occasionally spelt Houston) (1695?–1733) was a Scottish surgeon and botanist who collected plants in the West Indies, Mexico and South America. Houstoun was born in Houston, Renfrewshire. He began a degree course in medicine at St Andrew's University but interrupted his studies"
"had become a highly skilled navigator; Bligh gave him one of the master's mate's berths on ""Bounty"", and in March 1788 promoted him to the rank of Acting Lieutenant, effectively making Christian second-in-command. Another of the young gentlemen recommended to Bligh was 15-year-old Peter Heywood, a Manxman and a distant relation of Christian's. His recommendation came from Bligh's father-in-law, who was a Heywood family friend. The two botanists, or ""gardeners"", were chosen by Sir Joseph Banks, the president of the Royal Society and the expedition's chief promoter. The chief botanist, David Nelson, was another veteran of Cook's third voyage and"
"found that the ship would not work, and it is remarkable that in the whole course of our voyage we had seen no place that our present circumstances could have afforded us the same relief"". The British crew spent seven weeks on the site of present-day Cooktown, repairing their ship, replenishing food and water supplies, and caring for their sick. The extraordinary scientist, Joseph Banks, and Swedish naturalist Daniel Solander, who accompanied Cook on the expedition, collected, preserved and documented over 200 new species of plants. The young artist Sydney Parkinson illustrated the specimens and he was the first British"
"anniversary of the arrival of James Cook in Botany Bay in April 1770. The reserve was named after Joseph Banks (1743-1820), naturalist and patron of the sciences, who accompanied Cook and collected many botanical specimens around Botany Bay including from the new Banksia genus. The reserve showcases a wide range of Australian native plants from around Australia in planted theme gardens including an acacia garden, sun-loving plants, rainforest, silver foliage garden, bush tucker, shade garden, fern garden and lily garden. The reserve also includes an unplanted natural area showing the original remnant Sydney sandstone vegetation. Over 600 plants are labelled"
"during Lieutenant (later Captain) James Cook's first voyage to the Pacific Ocean. Cook landed on Australian soil for the first time on 29 April 1770, at a place that he later named Botany Bay in recognition of ""the great quantity of plants Mr Banks and Dr Solander found in this place"". Over the next seven weeks, Banks and Solander collected thousands of plant specimens, including the first specimens of a new genus that would later be named ""Banksia"" in Banks' honour. Every specimen collected during the ""Endeavour"" voyage was sketched by Banks' botanical illustrator Sydney Parkinson. On the ""Endeavour"" return"
"cost of plates for his son's ""Botany of the Antarctic Voyages"", and an annual stipend of £200 for Joseph while he worked on the flora. Hooker's flora was also to include that collected on the voyages of Cook and Menzies held by the British Museum and collections made on the ""Beagle"". The floras were illustrated by Walter Hood Fitch (trained in botanical illustration by William Hooker), who would go on to become the most prolific Victorian botanical artist. Hooker's collections from the Antarctic voyage were described eventually in one of two volumes published as the ""Flora Antarctica"" (1844–47). In the"