"significantly warm the mistral. The causes and characteristics of the mistral are very similar to those of the Tramontane, another wind of the French Mediterranean region. In France, the mistral particularly affects Provence, Languedoc east of Montpellier, as well as all of the Rhône Valley from Lyon to Marseille, and as far southeast as Corsica and Sardinia. The mistral usually blows from the north or northwest, but in certain pre-alpine valleys and along the Côte d'Azur, the wind is channelled by the mountains so that it blows from east to west. Sometimes it also blows from the north-north-east toward the"
"Winds of Provence The Winds of Provence, the region of southeast France along the Mediterranean from the Alps to the mouth of the Rhone River, are an important feature of Provençal life, and each one has a traditional local name, in the Provençal language. The most famous Provençal winds are: The Marin, a strong, wet and cloudy south wind, which blows in from the Gulf of Lion. The Sirocco, a southeast wind coming from the Sahara desert in Africa, can reach hurricane force, and brings either reddish dust or heavy rains. The Provençal names for the winds are very similar"
"wind that blows from the Alps to the Venice bay over Trieste, Slovenian coast and Istria with gusts sometimes as high as 200 km/h (usually 80 km/h). It has a transitional nature (from 2 to 4 hours in Koper bay) and it often quickly turns to a bora. Due to its strength, it can uproot trees and often damages boats by crashing them into the coast. Tramontane Tramontane is a classical name for a northern wind. The exact form of the name and precise direction varies from country to country. The word came to English from Italian ""tramontana"", which developed"
"to the sea and readily start their fishing campaigns. It is a northeasterly or northerly winter wind that blows from the Alps and Apennines (South of the Alps) to the Italian coast. It is very prevalent on the west coast of Italy and Northern Corsica. It is caused by a weather system from the west following a depression on the Mediterranean. It is strongest before sunrise, when it can reach speeds of 70 km/h (45 mph). It is a fresh wind of the fine weather mistral type. In Slovenia a word tramontana is used for a strong northerly, often hurricane-force"
"Sirocco Sirocco (), scirocco, jugo or, rarely, siroc (; ; ; ; ; ; , literally ""southerly;"" Libyan Arabic: Ghibli; Egypt: khamsin; Tunisia: ch'hilli) is a Mediterranean wind that comes from the Sahara and can reach hurricane speeds in North Africa and Southern Europe, especially during the summer season. It arises from a warm, dry, tropical airmass that is pulled northward by low-pressure cells moving eastward across the Mediterranean Sea, with the wind originating in the Arabian or Sahara deserts. The hotter, drier continental air mixes with the cooler, wetter air of the maritime cyclone, and the counter-clockwise circulation of"
"ship on the coast of Malta on his way to Rome . Gregale The Gregale (, , , , , , ""Graigos"") is a Mediterranean wind that can occur during times when a low-pressure area moves through the area to the south of Malta and causes a strong, cool, northeasterly wind to affect the island. It also affects other islands of the Western Mediterranean. The name derives from the Italian ""grecale"", which refers to the island of Zakynthos, in Greece. This is likely to be the Euroclydon wind, from Greek ""Euros"" (east) and ""kludon"" (billow, surge) or Latin ""Aquilo"" (north)"
"Levant (wind) The levant (, , , , ) is an easterly wind that blows in the western Mediterranean Sea and southern France, an example of mountain-gap wind. In Roussillon it is called ""llevant"" and in Corsica ""levante"". In the western Mediterranean, particularly when the wind blows through the Strait of Gibraltar, it is called the Viento de Levante or the Levanter. It is also known as the Solano. When blowing moderately or strongly, the levant causes heavy swells on the Mediterranean. Usually gentle and damp, the levant frequently brings clouds and rain. When it brings good weather, it is"
"tramontana in Spanish, Galician and Basque. The wind also lends its name to the Serra de Tramuntana in Majorca. On the Croatian Adriatic coast it is called tramontana (pronounced ""tramòntāna"", in Dalmatia), with a number of local variations (""termuntana"", ""trmuntana"", ""t(a)rmuntona"" and others). Like levant, it is considered a transitional wind, associated with the change of weather, which frequently transforms into bora. Like bora, it is a strong wind capable of generating large waves, but is less gusty. The tramontane in France is a strong, dry cold wind from the north (on the Mediterranean) or from the northwest (in lower"
"is the Marin a south east wind which occurs across the Iberian Peninsula. Cers (wind) The Cers, also called the Narbonnais by those who live southeast of Narbonne, is a very dry wind that is colder during the winter and warmer during the summer. Originating from moist Atlantic air-masses flowing across the Toulouse area, the Cers is intensified through the Lauragais gap. Cers winds are frequent across the Aude region in south-western France. Exceptionally red sunsets and lenticularis clouds usually herald the onset of the Cers. It is closely related to the Mistral, but the term Cers refers specifically to"
"Marin (wind) The Marin is a warm, moist wind in the Gulf of Lion of France, blowing from the southeast or south-southeast onto the coast of Languedoc and Roussillon. It brings rain to this region which it has picked up crossing the Mediterranean, and also can bring coastal fog. The clouds carried by the Marin frequently cause rain on the slopes of the mountains in the interior, the Corbières, Montagne Noire, and the Cévennes. The wind is usually dried by the föhn effect when it crosses the mountains and descends on the other side. The Marin wind contributes to the"
"Cierzo The cierzo is a strong, dry and usually cold wind that blows from the North or Northwest through the regions of Aragon, La Rioja and Navarra in the Ebro valley in Spain. It takes place when there is an anticyclone in the Bay of Biscay and an low-pressure area in the Mediterranean Sea. It is known since ancient times, and its name stems from the Latin word ""circius"", which probably came from an Iberian word. Cato the Elder described it in the 2nd century BC as ""a wind that fills your mouth and tumbles waggons and armed men."" It"
"to a very dry wind, full of fine particles of sand, blowing from the desert towards the sea. Known in Egypt as the khamsin, on the Mediterranean as the sirocco, it is called on the Guinea coast the harmattan. This wind is not invariably hot; its great dryness causes so much evaporation that cold is not infrequently the result. Similar dry winds blow from the Kalahari Desert in the south. On the eastern coast the monsoons of the Indian Ocean are regularly felt, and on the southeast hurricanes are occasionally experienced. The climate of Africa lends itself to certain environmental"
"means ""hairdryer,"" and the form ""phon"" is used in French-speaking parts of Switzerland as well as in Italy. The form ""fen"" is used in Croatia and Slovenia. Regionally, these winds are known by many different names. These include: Foehn wind A föhn or foehn (, ) is a type of dry, warm, down-slope wind that occurs in the lee (downwind side) of a mountain range. It is a rain shadow wind that results from the subsequent adiabatic warming of air that has dropped most of its moisture on windward slopes (""see"" orographic lift). As a consequence of the different adiabatic"
"on a compass. In Italy it is called tramontana . In Italy its etymology is still very much debated, and varies from region to region: on the Sorrento coast, for instance, reputedly, the name derives from the village Tramonti, from where, to an observer on the shore, the wind appears to blow after gathering pace down a narrow valley and, at the time when Flavio Gioia – believed by some historians to have perfected the sailors' compass – lived there in the 14th century and named the Mediterranean winds, the tramontana made it easier for fishing vessels to take swiftly"
"Gregale The Gregale (, , , , , , ""Graigos"") is a Mediterranean wind that can occur during times when a low-pressure area moves through the area to the south of Malta and causes a strong, cool, northeasterly wind to affect the island. It also affects other islands of the Western Mediterranean. The name derives from the Italian ""grecale"", which refers to the island of Zakynthos, in Greece. This is likely to be the Euroclydon wind, from Greek ""Euros"" (east) and ""kludon"" (billow, surge) or Latin ""Aquilo"" (north) ""northeaster"" or the island Clauda (Acts 27:16), which wrecked the apostle Paul's"
"Ponente Ponente (, , , , , , , ) is the traditional cardinal point West, more specifically a wind that blows from the west. The name is derived from the Latin via Italian for ""setting"", meaning sunset, and appeared by that name in the traditional compass rose on the Mediterranean Sea nautical charts since the Middle Ages. Regional variations include the Catalan ""ponent"" and the Spanish ""poniente"", which is the name for the warm and dry westerly breeze that blows across the Atlantic onto the west Mediterranean coast and through the Straits of Gibraltar. It sometimes appears as Zephyrus,"
"episodes. On the coast from Ravenna to Venice and Trieste, snow falls more rarely: during cold spells from the east, the cold can be harsh but with bright skies; while during the snowfalls that affect Northern Italy, the Adriatic coast can see a milder Sirocco wind which makes snow turn to rain—the mild effects of this wind often disappear just a few kilometres inside the plain, and sometimes the coast from Venice to Grado sees snow while it is raining in Trieste, the Po River mouths and Ravenna. Rarely, the city of Trieste may see snow blizzards with north-eastern winds;"
"ecological significance: bora and jugo. Strong cold downslope winds of Bura type appear in winter and are most severe in the Bay of Risan. Gusts reach 250 km/h and can lead to a significant fall of temperatures in several hours with freezing events problematic for most of the Mediterranean cultures. Jugo is a warm humid wind and is important as it brings heavy rain. It appears throughout the year but is most frequent in autumn and spring. The region came under Venetian rule after the Cretan War (1645–69). The Bay of Kotor, part of Venetian Albania, was also called ""Upper"
"main characteristic is an almost constant wind which blows and dries the Rhône corridor. Dubbed the ""mistral"" when it comes from the north, it brings good weather and coolness in the summer, but an impression of freezing cold in winter. When it comes from the south, it usually announces the arrival of stormy disturbances. It is then called ""le vent du midi ou le vent des fous"" [the midi wind or the uncaring wind] because, for some people, it makes the atmosphere painful to bear, especially in the summer. The climate is semi-continental with Mediterranean influences. The Gotheron weather station"
"Tramontane Tramontane is a classical name for a northern wind. The exact form of the name and precise direction varies from country to country. The word came to English from Italian ""tramontana"", which developed from Latin ""trānsmontānus"" (""trāns-"" + ""montānus""), ""beyond/across the mountains"", referring to the Alps in the North of Italy. The word has other non-wind-related senses: it can refer to anything that comes from, or anyone who lives on, the other side of mountains, or even more generally, anything seen as foreign, strange, or even barbarous. In Spain the wind is called the tramuntana or in Catalan and"
"to the names in the Catalan language: Traditional compass roses in Provence (see illustration, which shows Midi, or the South, at the top) have the names of the winds by the points of the compass. Jean Vialar, Les vents régionaux et locaux, 1948, réédité par Météo-France en 2003 Winds of Provence The Winds of Provence, the region of southeast France along the Mediterranean from the Alps to the mouth of the Rhone River, are an important feature of Provençal life, and each one has a traditional local name, in the Provençal language. The most famous Provençal winds are: The Marin,"
"the wind over the crest. These winds are usually northeasterly or easterly and may be several Beaufort forces stronger than the mean wind before and after. Levant (wind) The levant (, , , , ) is an easterly wind that blows in the western Mediterranean Sea and southern France, an example of mountain-gap wind. In Roussillon it is called ""llevant"" and in Corsica ""levante"". In the western Mediterranean, particularly when the wind blows through the Strait of Gibraltar, it is called the Viento de Levante or the Levanter. It is also known as the Solano. When blowing moderately or strongly,"
"sunny days a year, and ground frosts (at worst) in mid-winter. From time-to-time a little snow falls, but this only dusts the ground and is gone by mid-day. Marseillanais make day trips into the mountains to experience snowballing and to make snowmen. The prevailing winds are from the south-west, and south. Marseillan receives the hot winds from the Sahara but does not suffer the pink sand that those winds carry out to sea. The Mistral blows down the Rhone valley and, although a northerly wind is sometimes referred to as a “mistral” it has none of the severity nor persistence"
"climate in Lemnos is mainly Mediterranean.[4] Winters are generally mild, but there will be a snowfall occasionally. Strong winds are a feature of the island, especially in August and in winter time, hence its nickname ""the wind-ridden one"" (in Greek, Ανεμόεσσα). The temperature is typically 2 to 5 degrees Celsius less than in Athens, especially in summertime. Modern day Myrina is built upon a shallow bay split into two by a promontory jutting out to sea and carrying the ruins of a Venetian castle. To the north of the promontory lies the so-called Roman Shore (in Greek, Ρωμέϊκος ΄Γιαλός), along"
"Cers (wind) The Cers, also called the Narbonnais by those who live southeast of Narbonne, is a very dry wind that is colder during the winter and warmer during the summer. Originating from moist Atlantic air-masses flowing across the Toulouse area, the Cers is intensified through the Lauragais gap. Cers winds are frequent across the Aude region in south-western France. Exceptionally red sunsets and lenticularis clouds usually herald the onset of the Cers. It is closely related to the Mistral, but the term Cers refers specifically to the very strong wind in the bas-Languedoc. The opposite to this wind type"
"cold storm, as this wind situation usually occurs after the passage of a cold front from the west. Alpine föhn The Alpine föhn () is the name given to the föhn wind in the Alpine region. The name ""föhn"" was originally used to refer to the south wind which blows during the winter months and brings thaw conditions to the northern side of the Alps. Because föhn later became a generic term that was extended to other mountain ranges around the world that experience similar phenomena, the name ""Alpine föhn"" (""Alpenföhn"") was coined for the föhns of the Alpine region."
"is blowing. In the Rhône Valley and on the plain of la Crau, the regularity and force of the mistral causes the trees to grow leaning to the south. Once the forest has been razed by fire, the strong wind makes it difficult for new trees to grow. The farmers of the Rhône Valley have long planted rows of cypress trees to shelter their crops from the dry force of the mistral. The mistral can also have beneficial effects—the moving air can save crops from the spring frost, which can last until the end of April. As summer visitors to"
"are from the West. During the spring and autumn, southern winds are responsible for massive precipitation. During winter, winds from the north or east bring dry and cold days; sometimes their interaction with wet tepid masses from the Atlantic or Mediterranean creates the conditions for heavy snowfall. Foehn is a fall or winter wind that can provoke sudden higher temperature. The main local winds are: ""Breva dal Segrin"" (from the south), ""Breva da Caslin"" (from the west), ""Vent dal Sant Prim"" (from the north), and ""Ariasc di Alp"" (from the east). Summer is warm, with temperatures around 30 °C. Winters"
"the ancient Greek name, probably derived from ""zopho"" (meaning dark, gloomy, a reference to the sunset rather than the quality of the wind.) Romans also called it ""Favonius"", probably meaning ""favorable"", as the westerly wind in the Mediterranean was regarded as a mild wind that brought relief from the summer heat and some useful moisture for crops. Ponente Ponente (, , , , , , , ) is the traditional cardinal point West, more specifically a wind that blows from the west. The name is derived from the Latin via Italian for ""setting"", meaning sunset, and appeared by that name"
"Chergui (wind) The chergui or sharqi ( """") is the name of a continental easterly or southeasterly wind which blows on the southernmost part of Morocco, a hot and dry wind coming from the Sahara Desert. This wind can be compared with the sirocco, a very hot and very dry desert wind. The Arabic word means ""coming from the east"", as the chergui emanates from the desert east of the Atlas Mountains. This is a rain shadow wind as it falls down after passing over the top of the mountain range as a very hot and dry air into the"
"and dust along the African coastal regions, or because of the cool dampness in Europe. The dust within the sirocco winds can cause abrasion in mechanical devices and penetrate buildings. Sirocco winds with speeds of up to are most common during autumn and spring. They reach a peak in March and in November when it is very hot. When combined with a rising tide, the sirocco can cause the ""acqua alta"" phenomenon in the Venetian Lagoon. Sirocco Sirocco (), scirocco, jugo or, rarely, siroc (; ; ; ; ; ; , literally ""southerly;"" Libyan Arabic: Ghibli; Egypt: khamsin; Tunisia: ch'hilli)"
"the Rhône turning to ice, but since then it has become very rare. The mistral is a very powerful north/north-east wind, blowing strongly 100 days per year on average and slightly 83 days per year, which leaves only 182 days without wind per year. It is said to be two sorts of mistral: the ""white mistral"" clearing the sky from any cloud and the ""black mistral"" accompanied by rain. Lamanon does not have a weather station, the nearest being in Salon-de-Provence. The following table shows temperatures and rains for the period 1971-2000 : On the northern part of the current"
"the North Wind. Historical linguists speculate that the name may derive from a Proto-Indo-European root *""gworh""- meaning ""mountain"" and giving rise to Germanic ""burg"" and ""berg"". A similar pattern is seen in the cognate name of the ""buran"" winds of central Asia and the name ""purga"" of their Siberian subtype. The changeable bora can often be felt all over Montenegrin Littoral, Dalmatia, Istria, Rijeka, the Slovenian Littoral, Trieste, and the rest of the Adriatic east coast. It blows in gusts. The bora is most common during the winter. It blows hardest, as the meteorologist Baron Ferdinand von Wrangel explained it"