"2005 breeding population estimated to be only two or three pairs, as a consequence of depredations by brown and black rats (""Rattus rattus"") (which have now been eliminated) and possibly also as a result of commercial fishing for sand eels, the puffins' principal prey. Since 2005, the breeding numbers have been slowly increasing. Adults were seen taking fish into four burrows in 2007, and six burrows in 2008. As an isolated island on major migration routes, Lundy has a rich bird life and is a popular site for birdwatching. Large numbers of black-legged kittiwake (""Rissa tridactyla"") nest on the cliffs,"
"as do razorbill (""Alca torda""), guillemot (""Uria aalge""), herring gull (""Larus argentatus""), lesser black-backed gull (""Larus fuscus""), fulmar (""Fulmarus glacialis""), shag (""Phalacrocorax aristotelis""), oystercatcher (""Haematopus ostralegus""), skylark (""Alauda arvensis""), meadow pipit (""Anthus pratensis""), common blackbird (""Turdus merula""), robin (""Erithacus rubecula"") and linnet (""Carduelis cannabina""). There are also smaller populations of peregrine falcon (""Falco peregrinus"") and raven (""Corvus corax""). Lundy has attracted many vagrant birds, in particular species from North America. The island's bird list totals 317 species. This has included the following species, each of which represents the sole British record: Ancient murrelet, eastern phoebe and eastern towhee. Records of"
"gull, bridled tern, Pallas's sandgrouse, great spotted, black-billed and yellow-billed (3 records) cuckoos, European roller, olive-backed pipit, citrine wagtail, Alpine accentor, thrush nightingale, red-flanked bluetail, black-eared (2 records) and desert wheatears, White's, Swainson's (3 records), and grey-cheeked (2 records) thrushes, Sardinian (2 records), Arctic (3 records), Radde's and western Bonelli's warblers, Isabelline and lesser grey shrikes, red-eyed vireo (7 records), two-barred crossbill, yellow-rumped and blackpoll warblers, yellow-breasted (2 records) and black-headed (3 records) buntings, rose-breasted grosbeak (2 records), bobolink and Baltimore oriole (2 records). Lundy is home to an unusual range of mammals, almost all introduced, including a distinct breed"
"fascinated by their behaviour. The Norwegian municipality of Værøy has an Atlantic puffin as its civic emblem. Puffins are viewed with affection because they are colourful and full of character. They have been given a number of endearing names including ""clowns of the sea"" and ""sea parrots"", and juvenile puffins may be called ""pufflings"". A number of islands have been named after the bird. The island of Lundy in the United Kingdom is reputed to derive its name from the Norse ""lund-ey"" or ""puffin island"". An alternative explanation has been suggested connected with another meaning of the word ""lund"" referring"
"puffins can be caught in a single morning. The name of the English island Lundy is believed to come from the old Norse word for ""puffin island"" (Lundey), however an alternative explanation has been suggested with Lund referring to a copse, or wooded area. The Atlantic puffin is the provincial bird of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Puffin Puffins are any of three small species of alcids (auks) in the bird genus ""Fratercula"" with a brightly coloured beak during the breeding season. These are pelagic seabirds that feed primarily by diving in the water. They breed in large"
"of wild pony, the Lundy pony. Until recently, Lundy and the Shiant Isles in the Hebrides were the only two places in the UK where the black rat (""Rattus rattus"") could be found regularly. In the rest of the United Kingdom they have largely been replaced by brown rats except for occasional sightings in port towns and the Thames Estuary. It has since been eradicated on the island, in order to protect the nesting seabirds. Other species which have made the island their home include the grey seal (""Halichoerus grypus""), Sika deer (""Cervus nippon""), pygmy shrew (""Sorex minutus"") and feral"
"goats (""Capra aegagrus hircus""). Unusually, 20% of the rabbits (""Leporidae"") on the island are melanistic compared with 4% which is typical in the UK. In mid-2006 the rabbit population was devastated by myxomatosis, leaving only 60 pairs from the previous 15–20,000 individuals. Soay sheep (""Ovis aries"") on the island have been shown to vary their behaviours according to nutritional requirements, the distribution of food and the risk of predation. In 1971 a proposal was made by the Lundy Field Society to establish a marine reserve, and the survey was led by Dr Keith Hiscock, supported by a team of students"
"the island, and two others – Christmas shearwater and red-footed booby – that still visit but no longer nest. It is hypothesized that the Polynesian settlers may have driven these bird species, along with six terrestrial snail species, to local extinction, and this loss of a ready and regular food supply may have contributed to the Polynesians' subsequent disappearance. The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area for its endemic landbirds and breeding seabirds. The invertebrate species are largely unknown but a third of the island's known non-marine gastropods and insects are endemic. There are"
"longer collected on the main island. In 1882 the American schooner ""Henry B. Paul"" was wrecked on the beach at Sandy Point, and black rats came ashore. Within three years they had spread to the entire island, devastating the native birdlife as well as islanders' crops. In 1956 a number of Gough moorhens were reportedly released at Sandy Point, and have subsequently colonised the island. These ""island cocks"" are closely related to the extinct Tristan moorhen, and are believed by the Tristanians to eat the eggs of the Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross. In June 2006 islanders were fishing offshore at Sandy"
"Lundy pony The Lundy Pony is a breed of pony first developed on Lundy Island in England. The breed originated in 1928, when the owner of the island, Martin Coles Harman, introduced 34 New Forest pony mares, eight foals, and a Welsh Mountain B strawberry roan stallion. Diana Keast, his daughter, explained why he chose to cross these breeds: “He wanted ponies with a bit of style and height. Dartmoor and Exmoor ponies were nearer and more convenient - after all he had to charter a special train to bring the ponies from Lyndhurst - but they wouldn’t have had"
"recorded. It should not be confused with the non-existent Sandy Island, which many maps show as being between Queensland and New Caledonia. The island has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports a high proportion of the nesting population of flesh-footed shearwaters (with up to 300,000 breeding pairs) and has supported relatively high numbers of breeding fairy terns. Other birds recorded breeding on the island are little shearwaters, sooty oystercatchers and silver gulls. Sandy Island (Windy Harbour) Sandy Island is a 20 ha island lying about 5 km off the coast of Windy"
"the frequently mist-covered tops of their cliffs and were referred to as ""Cloudy Isles"" by James Cook in 1776. The Îles Nuageuses, including Île Clugny, have been identified as a 240 km Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International. At least 25 bird species breed on the islands. Penguins include 7500 pairs of gentoos, 35,000 pairs of northern rockhoppers and up to 50,000 pairs of macaronis. Of albatrosses, there are 1800 pairs of black-browed, 7800 pairs of grey-headed, 50 pairs of Indian yellow-nosed, about five pairs of wandering and some light-mantled albatrosses. Other birds breeding on the islands include Antarctic"
"Psylliodes luridipennis Psylliodes luridipennis, commonly known as the Lundy cabbage flea beetle or the bronze Lundy cabbage flea beetle, is a species of flea beetle endemic to the island of Lundy, where it lives and feeds upon the endemic Lundy cabbage (""Coincya wrightii""). Along with the true weevil ""Ceutorhynchus contractus"" var. ""pallipes"" and an undescribed race of flea beetle ""Psylliodes napi"", it is known only from the Lundy cabbage. The species was first recorded by Thomas Vernon Wollaston in the 1840s, and was named by the Austrian entomologist Franz Kutschera in 1864. Adult Lundy cabbage flea beetle measure around in"
"off Greenly Island. The tammar wallaby was introduced to Greenly Island (south) in 1905 to provide food for stranded sailors. Their impact on the vegetation is obvious in the marked difference between the north and south islands. Both northern and southern islands support high density populations of bush rats. Birds recorded on Greenly Island include the Cape Barren goose, white-faced heron, ruddy turnstone, Australian raven, Australian kestrel, white-bellied sea eagle, sooty oystercatcher, welcome swallow, silver gull, Pacific gull, rock parrot, little grassbird, red-capped robin, great cormorant, short-tailed shearwater, crested tern, fairy tern, silvereye and little penguin. Reptiles recorded on Greenly"
"species of birds, fish and reptiles. In the lagoon, sparse living coral still can be found; the dominant species is ""Montipora bilaminata"" (family Acroporidae). Most of the coral in the lagoon is dead, presumed to have been killed by influxes of cold water. Though no terrestrial birds are found on the atoll, Ducie Island is known for the seabirds that breed there. Birds that have been recorded nesting on the atoll include the red-billed tropicbird, red-tailed tropicbird, fairy tern, great frigatebird, bristle-thighed curlew, masked booby and red-footed booby. A number of gull species, including the sooty tern, blue noddy, brown"
"Loch of Grimsetter in the east, and the Loch of Brough. Bressay has a large number of migrant birds, especially in the east. The Loch of Grimsetter is a haven for waders and whooper swans. In the far south, there is a colony of Arctic skuas. The name of the island may have been recorded in 1263 as 'Breiðoy' (Old Norse ""broad island""). In a 1490 document the island is referred to as ""Brwsøy"" - ""Brusi's island"" which name may indicate it was the 11th century base for Earl of Orkney Brusi Sigurdsson. This possibility is supported by a later"
"Island include the bull skink (""Egernia multiscutata"") and four-toed earless skink (""Hemiergis peronii""), southern four-toed slider (""Lerista dorsalis""), dwarf skink (""Menetia greyii""), Mallee snakeeye (""Morethia obscura"") and marbled gecko (""Phyllodactylus marmoratus""). The first fauna study of Greenly Island was conducted in 1948 and described the little penguins as ""innumerable"". In 2004, the little penguin colony's population was estimated at 1,500 breeding birds. Greenly Island first obtained protected area status as a fauna conservation reserve declared under the ""Crown Lands Act 1929-1966"" on 16 March 1967 . The fauna conservation reserve was reconstituted as the Greenly Island Conservation Park under the"
"but this has never been verified. If it is true, then North Island would be the species' most southerly breeding site in Western Australia. The birds most often mentioned in relation to North Island are the Abrolhos painted buttonquail (""Turnix varius scintillans""), a rare subspecies of the widespread painted buttonquail (""Turnix varius"") known only from the Wallabi Group and protected under the Wildlife Conservation Act 1950; and the brush bronzewing (""Phaps elegans""), one of the most common birds on North Island, the mainland populations of which are decreasing. Other birds known to breed on North Island include the osprey (""Pandion"
"island leading to the production of unique species. Coincya wrightii Coincya wrightii, known as Lundy cabbage, is a species of primitive brassicoid, endemic to the island of Lundy off the southwestern coast of England, where it is sufficiently isolated to have formed its own species, with its endemic insect pollinators. ""Coincya wrightii"" grows natively only on the eastern cliffs and slopes of the island and nowhere else in the world and is a protected species. It reaches up to a metre in height and with its yellow flowers (seen from May to August) it looks a little similar to oil"
"were introduced to the island in the 18th century, but it may have survived until the introduction of feral cats in 1815. The bird was regarded by Storrs Olson as a relative of ""Atlantisia rogersi"", but recent analysis (Bourne et al., 2003) has shown that the differences between the two are greater than previously appreciated. The new genus ""Mundia"" (named after the discoverer Peter Mundy) was created in 2003. Ascension crake The Ascension crake (""Mundia elpenor"") is an extinct flightless bird that previously lived on Ascension Island in the South Atlantic Ocean. It was declared extinct by Groombridge in 1994;"
"greatest number of muttonbirds (334,800 pairs). It lies only from the mainland and was farmed from 1859 until it was added to the conservation park in 1988. Since sheep grazing ceased the vegetation has become dominated by regenerating native plant communities with patches of mallee woodland. It was named in 1627 by Thijssen after Nuyts' patron saint. Gliddon Reef is an islet to the south-west of St Peter, it supports a sea lion breeding colony. Purdie Islands are little more than a chain of low rocks, they were named by Flinders on 3 February 1802 after Robert Purdie, the surgeon’s"
"record of a colony on the island of Lundy from 1274. There were only 70 nests by 1871, and the colony finally disappeared by 1909 at the latest. More than two-thirds of the world population breeds around the coasts of the British Isles. Colonies include: After the breeding season, adult northern gannets disperse over a wide area although they travel no more than from the breeding colony. It is not known if all birds from one colony migrate to the same over-wintering area. Many adults migrate to the west of the Mediterranean, passing over the Strait of Gibraltar and flying"
"at the same time. The name Fugloy comes from the Faroese word ""fuglur"" for ""bird"" so it is not surprising that the island has a rich fauna of sea and land birds, especially puffins (Faroese: lundi) which inhabit the island in thousands. The view over to the nearest islands Svínoy and Borðoy is excellent, and sunsets that can be seen are among the things that make Fugloy feature in old pictures of the Faroe Islands. There are several myths connected to this island. In old Faroese Culture trolls played a large part in the mythology of the Faroe Islands: ""It"
"Atlantic canary The Atlantic canary (""Serinus canaria""), known worldwide simply as the wild canary and also called the island canary, canary, or common canary, is a small passerine bird belonging to the genus ""Serinus"" in the finch family, Fringillidae. It is native to the Canary Islands, the Azores, and Madeira. Wild birds are mostly yellow-green, with brownish streaking on the back. The species is common in captivity and a number of colour varieties have been bred. This bird is the natural symbol of the Canary Islands, together with the Canary Island date palm. The wild Atlantic canary can range from"
"was introduced on purpose by people from Klaksvík, to the island in 1914 over some slight, and it has done tremendous damage to the bird population since then, most notably the Atlantic puffin. The island has the following eleven mountains, shown with their overall rank in the Faroe Islands: The top of Klubbin is well known for its vegetation, as it is one of the few areas where there never have been grazing sheep. Kunoy Kunoy (meaning ""Woman island"", ) is an island located in the north-east of the Faroe Islands between Kalsoy and Borðoy (to which it is linked"
"Coincya wrightii Coincya wrightii, known as Lundy cabbage, is a species of primitive brassicoid, endemic to the island of Lundy off the southwestern coast of England, where it is sufficiently isolated to have formed its own species, with its endemic insect pollinators. ""Coincya wrightii"" grows natively only on the eastern cliffs and slopes of the island and nowhere else in the world and is a protected species. It reaches up to a metre in height and with its yellow flowers (seen from May to August) it looks a little similar to oil seed rape. Although it is a member of"
"centipede snake (""Tantilla longifrontalis"") also inhabit the island. Terrestrial mammals include the introduced white-headed capuchin, brown-throated sloth, Gorgona spiny rat and the agouti. As well, there are over a dozen species of bat found on the island. There are few species of terrestrial birds on the island, probably due to the large number of reptile predators. The most common include endemic subspecies of black-crowned antshrike (""Thamnophilus atrinucha gorgonae""), bananaquit (""Coereba flaveola gorgonae"") and red-legged honeycreeper (""Cyanerpes cyaneus gigas""). The island is well known for the yearly passage of the humpback whale and their newborn pay its shores from August to"
"show the island once had an endemic species of barn owl ""Tyto letocarti""; two extinct hawks, ""Accipiter efficax"", ""Accipiter quartus""; a large, flightless galliform bird, ""Sylviornis neocaledoniae""; a snipe, (""Coenocorypha"" sp.); a gallinule, ""Porphyrio kukwiedei""; the lowland kagu, ""Rhynochetos orarius""; a ground dove, ""Gallicolumba longitarsus""; the pile-builder megapode; a hornbill of Lifou (Loyalty Islands); a possibly extinct lorikeet, ""Charmosyna diadema""; as well as a giant bat, arthropods and others. The island also hosted the giant terrestrial turtle ""Meiolania"", unlike any alive today which was armed with a clubbed tail and a spiked head. There was also a species of terrestrial"
"the Lardil people. The traditional name of Manowar Island is ""Delmerriya"" or ""Wudma""; that of Rocky Island is ""Kalamburriya"". The islands have been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because they support over 1% of the world populations of brown boobies (up to 12,000 breeding pairs) and lesser frigatebirds (up to 7700 breeding pairs). Large numbers of Australian pelicans and smaller numbers of eastern reef egrets, ospreys and white-bellied sea-eagles also breed on the islands. Manowar and Rocky Islands Important Bird Area The Manowar and Rocky Islands Important Bird Area comprise two small islands in the"
"of the island at the corner of Ludwig Lane. Two hundred eighty feet of boardwalk allow access to the salt marsh tidal ponds that dominate the area. In this tract, birders can spot a variety of passerines, raptors, colonial birds roosting in the sparse chenier habitat, and wading birds. The second largest stretch of forest is a combination of the Maples tract and the Landry-Leblanc tract. Because of its in the vicinity of a local grocery store, it is locally named the Sureway Woods. Together, the Maples tract and the Landry-LeBlanc tract comprise twenty acres of chenier forest. The remaining"
"Conservation Committee recognise ""Psylliodes luridipennis"" as a ""priority species"" for conservation purposes, due to the fluctuating numbers of Lundy cabbages. Though the committee notes that ""[h]ost plant numbers have been low, but relatively stable since 2001"", it claims that ""P. luridipennis"" ""has been noticeably difficult to find in recent years"". Based on pre-1994 IUCN Red List guidelines, the species was informally deemed as ""vulnerable"". Psylliodes luridipennis Psylliodes luridipennis, commonly known as the Lundy cabbage flea beetle or the bronze Lundy cabbage flea beetle, is a species of flea beetle endemic to the island of Lundy, where it lives and feeds"
"a rich variety of species. Several birds of prey exist in South Bruny National Park, including the white-bellied sea eagle (""haliaeetus leucogaster""), the wedge-tailed eagle (""Aquila audax fleayi"") and the grey goshawk (""Accipiter novaehollandiae""). The goshawk is endangered and very rare, and is found on Partridge Island, part of the South Bruny National Park. Also on Partridge island is a breeding penguin colony, the island provides a secluded refuge and ideal habitat for the flightless bird. Nearby Green Island provides the ideal conditions for the kelp gull (""Larus dominicanus"") and is an important breeding ground of which there are very"
"Cordylobia rodhaini Cordylobia rodhaini also known as the Lund's fly derived its common name from captain Lund, who was the first European to show symptoms of the disease caused by the larvae of the same fly. The Lund’s fly belongs to the genus Cordylobia, a group of flies from the family Calliphoridae. The currently known species comprising the genus Cordylobia include: ""C. anthropophaga"", ""C. ebadiana"", ""C. praegrandis"", ""C. rodhaini"" and ""C. ruandae"". The larvae of the Lund’s fly are parasites of thinned-skinned mammals, especially the Gambian rat, mona monkey and small antelopes and are only accidental parasites of humans. The"