"at the time had not had any art training he was employed at Nelson’s book publishers in Edinburgh as a book illustrator. He attended the RSA Life schools and simultaneously was taught by a French artist to paint and draw. He first exhibited at the Royal Scottish Academy in 1873 and was elected a member there in 1889. He continued to exhibit at the RSA until 1914. McGregor travelled frequently to France in particular to Brittany and Normandy and to the Netherlands. In France he was influenced by the painters Jean-François Millet (1814–1875) and Jules Bastien-Lepage(1848–1889). In the Netherlands he"
"Jules Breton Jules Adolphe Aimé Louis Breton (1 May 1827 – 5 July 1906) was a 19th-century French Realist painter. His paintings are heavily influenced by the French countryside and his absorption of traditional methods of painting helped make Jules Breton one of the primary transmitters of the beauty and idyllic vision of rural existence. Breton was born on 1 May 1827 in Courrières, a small Pas-de-Calais village. His father, Marie-Louis Breton, supervised land for a wealthy landowner. His mother died when Jules was 4 and he was brought up by his father. Other family members who lived in the"
"Gustave Courbet Jean Désiré Gustave Courbet (; 10 June 1819 – 31 December 1877) was a French painter who led the Realism movement in 19th-century French painting. Committed to painting only what he could see, he rejected academic convention and the Romanticism of the previous generation of visual artists. His independence set an example that was important to later artists, such as the Impressionists and the Cubists. Courbet occupies an important place in 19th-century French painting as an innovator and as an artist willing to make bold social statements through his work. Courbet's paintings of the late 1840s and early"
"started treating more prosaic subjects such as a ship hauler, a peasant couple near the barrier of the barnyard and a gardener crouching near some flower pots. Theodoor Verstraete Theodoor Verstraete, also spelled Theodor Verstraete and Théodore Verstraete (5 January 1850 – 8 January 1907) was a Belgian Realist painter and printmaker who is known for his landscapes depicting life in the countryside as well as his paintings of the Belgian coastal landscape. He has been called the 'poet of rural life' who depicted the humble life of the people in the countryside with empathy. Verstraete was born in Ghent,"
"Léon Augustin Lhermitte Léon Augustin Lhermitte (31 July 1844, Mont-Saint-Père – 28 July 1925, Paris) was a French realist painter and etcher whose primary subject matter was rural scenes depicting peasants at work. He was a student of Lecoq de Boisbaudran, he gained recognition after his show in the Paris Salon in 1864. His many awards include the French Legion of Honour (1884) and the Grand Prize at the Exposition Universelle in 1889. Lhermitte’s innovative use of pastels won him the admiration of his contemporaries. Vincent van Gogh wrote that ""If every month ""Le Monde Illustré"" published one of his"
"Antoine Guillemet Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Guillemet (June 30, 1843 in Chantilly (Oise) – May 19, 1918 in Mareuil-sur-Belle (Dordogne)) was a French renowned landscape painter and longtime Jury member of the Salon des Artistes Francais. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. Antoine Guillemet born in Chantilly, in the Oise, he studied under Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Achille-François Oudinot (1820-1891), Charles-François Daubigny and Gustave Courbet. Guillemet showed an early interest in sailing, a pursuit which was actively discouraged by his parents. He briefly studied law, but this too"
"Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin (; November 2, 1699 – December 6, 1779) was an 18th-century French painter. He is considered a master of still life, and is also noted for his genre paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities. Carefully balanced composition, soft diffusion of light, and granular impasto characterize his work. Chardin was born in Paris, the son of a cabinetmaker, and rarely left the city. He lived on the Left Bank near Saint-Sulpice until 1757, when Louis XV granted him a studio and living quarters in the Louvre. Chardin entered into a marriage contract with Marguerite"
"Jean-Michel Picart Jean-Michel Picart or Jean-Michel Picard (Antwerp, c. 1600 – Paris, 24 November 1682) was a Flemish still life painter and art dealer active in France. After training in Antwerp, he moved to Paris where he had a brilliant career and became court painter to king Louis XIV. He is known for his flower and fruit still lifes. He was together with Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer one of the most successful still life painters in France in his time. As an art dealer he was a link between Antwerp dealers and the Paris market. Little is known about the life of"
"works would inspire Giacomo Ceruti, Antonio Cifrondi, and Giuseppe Maria Crespi among many others. Louis le Nain was an important exponent of genre painting in 17th-century France, painting groups of peasants at home, where the 18th century would bring a heightened interest in the depiction of everyday life, whether through the romanticized paintings of Watteau and Fragonard, or the careful realism of Chardin. Jean-Baptiste Greuze (1725-1805) and others painted detailed and rather sentimental groups or individual portraits of peasants that were to be influential on 19th-century painting. In England, William Hogarth (1697–1764) conveyed comedy, social criticism and moral lessons through"
"turn towards Realism at mid-century was Gustave Courbet, whose unidealized paintings of common people offended viewers accustomed to the conventional subject matter and licked finish of academic art, but inspired many younger artists. The leading Barbizon School painter Jean-François Millet also painted landscapes and scenes of peasant life. Loosely associated with the Barbizon School was Camille Corot, who painted in both a romantic and a realistic vein; his work prefigures Impressionism, as did the paintings of Johan Jongkind and Eugène Boudin (who was one of the first French landscape painters to paint outdoors). Boudin was an important influence on the"
"was shown to wide acclaim at the Salon of 1884. By a curious coincidence she succumbed to chronic illness the same year as her mentor. Jules Bastien-Lepage Jules Bastien-Lepage (1 November 1848 – 10 December 1884) was a French painter closely associated with the beginning of naturalism, an artistic style that emerged from the later phase of the Realist movement. Bastien-Lepage was born in the village of Damvillers, Meuse, and spent his childhood there. Bastien's father grew grapes in a vineyard to support the family. His grandfather also lived in the village; his garden had fruit trees of apple, pear,"
"Édouard Debat-Ponsan Édouard Debat-Ponsan (Toulouse, 25 April 1847 – Paris, 29 January 1913) was a French academic painter noted for his allegorical works, scenes of peasant life and Orientalist works. A pupil of Cabanel, Debat-Ponsan was famous for his portraits of wealthy citizens and politicians in Paris, paintings of ancient history and scenes of peasant life. As a Republican and veteran of the War of 1870, Debat-Ponsan engaged in the struggle for rehabilitation of Captain Alfred Dreyfus, he exhibited his allegorical painting ""Vérité sortant du puits"" (shown here) at the 1898 Salon, In 1877 he traveled to Italy thanks to"
"is in the naturalist style popularised since the 1870s by Léon Augustin Lhermitte and Jules Bastien-Lepage. He continued in this vein with his ""Portrait du père de l’artiste en ouvrier"", and his most ambitious realist work, the triptych ""Chez les Chouans"", representing the universal themes of youth, family and old age. This portrayal of the peasant world, a representation of the working environment of the farmyard, is a clear departure from the tradition of historical painting. An admirer of Jules Breton, Bourgeois was also interested in the world of the sea. He visited Étaples several times, where the port’s hustle"
"Édouard Manet Édouard Manet (; ; ; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French modernist painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. Born into an upper-class household with strong political connections, Manet rejected the future originally envisioned for him, and became engrossed in the world of painting. His early masterworks, ""The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe)"" and ""Olympia"", both 1863, caused great controversy and served as rallying points for the young painters who would create Impressionism. Today,"
"Guillaume Fouace Guillaume Fouace (22 May 1837, Réville - 7 January 1895, Paris) was a French painter. He produced over 700 paintings in a realist style, mainly portraits, still lifes and landscapes - the Musée d'Orsay has some of them, whilst 40 are displayed in a 'Salle de Fouace' at the Musée Thomas-Henry in Cherbourg-Octeville. Born to farmers in Réville, a hamlet of Jonville, he took over the family farm aged 24 after his father's death. He had produced drawings since he was a child and his talent was recognised by the museum curator in Cherbourg, who gained Fouace two"
"returned again and again to the subject of the life of farm workers and villagers as a rich source of inspiration. In the eighteenth century, when the pastoral ideal was prevalent in landscape art, rural life was transformed into a sanitized, picturesque ideal. For example, in France, Gustave Courbet and Jean-François Millet shocked the urban public with their powerful paintings of poverty and backbreaking work in the fields. Farms are rare found in the commercial city Hong Kong and Ma had ventured out to Pao On County, Shenzhen, to a large paddy field and painted the harvest. Artists should only"
"the start of the 19th century, artistic fashion had settled around the neoclassical tradition as exemplified by the work of the painter Jacques-Louis David. Alongside this academicism, the romantic tradition formalized by Gericault, Bonington and Delacroix was gaining momentum. In 1824, the Paris Salon exhibited some of the works of John Constable. His rural scenes had a decisive influence on younger artists, leading them to abandon the formalism of the time and take their inspiration from Nature. They produced paintings, often of rural scenes, that broke from the dramatic mythological themes. During the 1848 revolution, the painters that would soon"
"a concern for the depiction of ordinary working people with formal aesthetic elements that captured the subject in the context of the modern world. Like many of his French naturalist colleagues, Laugée's focus was primarily on rural life−whether domestic scenes of beautiful young peasant mothers or grittier images of farm workers dragging themselves home at the end of a day of back-breaking labor."" Some Naturalist painters, such as Jules-Alexis Muenier (1863-1942), leaned more in the direction of photo-realism, akin to the Pre-Raphaelites, even to the point of utilizing photography to help with composition. Laugée and Dupré however did not take"
"Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series) Peasant Character Studies is a series of works that Vincent van Gogh made between 1881 and 1885. Van Gogh had a particular attachment and sympathy for peasants and other working class people that was fueled in several ways. He was particularly fond of the peasant genre work of Jean-François Millet and others. He found the subjects noble and important in the development of modern art. Van Gogh had seen the changing landscape in the Netherlands as industrialization encroached on once pastoral settings and the livelihoods of the working poor with little opportunity to change"
"Paul-Emmanuel Péraire, Gabriel-Hippolyte Lebas, Albert Charpin, Félix Ziem, François-Louis Français, Émile van Marcke, and Alexandre Defaux. Millet extended the idea from landscape to figures — peasant figures, scenes of peasant life, and work in the fields. In ""The Gleaners"" (1857), for example, Millet portrays three peasant women working at the harvest. Gleaners are poor people who are permitted to gather the remains after the owners of the field complete the main harvest. The owners (portrayed as wealthy) and their laborers are seen in the back of the painting. Millet shifted the focus and the subject matter from the rich and"
"works. Its chief exponents were Gustave Courbet, Jean-François Millet, Honoré Daumier, and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot. According to Ross Finocchio, formerly of the Department of European Paintings at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Realists used unprettified detail depicting the existence of ordinary contemporary life, coinciding in the contemporaneous naturalist literature of Émile Zola, Honoré de Balzac, and Gustave Flaubert. The French Realist movement had equivalents in all other Western countries, developing somewhat later. In particular the Peredvizhniki or ""Wanderers"" group in Russia who formed in the 1860s and organized exhibitions from 1871 included many realists such as Ilya Repin, Vasily Perov, and"
"French Impressionism was just beginning to emerge. In the annual Salons, the American painters were exposed to the soft, simple, muted Barbizon landscapes of forests and ponds painted by artists like Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796–1875), Rosseau and Diaz de la Pena. They also saw the roughly painted peasant scenes by Jean-François Millet, who lived in the tiny village of Barbizon, south of Paris. Some of the Americans became enthusiastic acolytes of the French movement and actually moved to the Village of Barbizon. The Bostonian William Morris Hunt (1824–1879) studied under Millet for several years after the conclusion of his Parisian studies."
"Member: The French Artists Society Exhibition: La Societe des Artistes Francais Reference: Dictionnaire des Petits Maitres de la Peinture 1820-1920, by Gerald Schurr & Pierre Cabanne, pg. 50-51, Tomes I, A and H. Gaston Anglade Gaston Vincent Anglade (1854 – 1919) was a French impressionist painter known for his pastoral scenes of Dordogne, Pyrenées and Alsace. Anglade was born in Bordeaux and worked in Paris and Dordogne. He studied with Léon Germain Pelouse (1838–1891) and made his reputation with paintings of mist-infused, multi-layered landscapes in a style similar to that of William Didier-Pouget. The large number of similar landscapes he"
"sketch; he also made a version as a lithograph. Peasant Character Studies (Van Gogh series) Peasant Character Studies is a series of works that Vincent van Gogh made between 1881 and 1885. Van Gogh had a particular attachment and sympathy for peasants and other working class people that was fueled in several ways. He was particularly fond of the peasant genre work of Jean-François Millet and others. He found the subjects noble and important in the development of modern art. Van Gogh had seen the changing landscape in the Netherlands as industrialization encroached on once pastoral settings and the livelihoods"
"Day massacre. Debat-Ponsan may have actually intended to refer to more recent events in French history, such as the bloody suppression of the Commune of Paris, nine years before this painting was made. Select list of paintings Édouard Debat-Ponsan Édouard Debat-Ponsan (Toulouse, 25 April 1847 – Paris, 29 January 1913) was a French academic painter noted for his allegorical works, scenes of peasant life and Orientalist works. A pupil of Cabanel, Debat-Ponsan was famous for his portraits of wealthy citizens and politicians in Paris, paintings of ancient history and scenes of peasant life. As a Republican and veteran of the"
"their unprecedented depictions of peasants and their labors, mark a turning point in 19th-century art. Before Millet, peasant figures were just one of many elements in picturesque or nostalgic scenes. In Millet's work, individual men and women became heroic and real. Millet was the only major artist of the Barbizon School who was not interested in 'pure' landscape painting."" Van Gogh made twenty-one paintings in Saint-Rémy that were ""translations"" of the work of Jean-François Millet. Van Gogh did not intend for his works to be literal copies of the originals. Speaking specifically of the works after Millet, he explained, ""it's"
"Enclosed Field with Peasant Enclosed Field with Peasant is an oil painting by Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh, painted in October 1889. It is currently part of the permanent collection at the Indianapolis Museum of Art. The painting's hurried lines accentuate a vibrant, moving field. The whole painting seems to pulsate with life, even though only one human is shown. It is the most topographically accurate of four views of a wheat field at the base of the Alpilles. Van Gogh intended this piece to be a pendant with the painting ""The Reaper"". Van Gogh's iconic style and layering embrace"
"Léon Bonvin Charles Léon Bonvin (February 28, 1834 – January 30, 1866) was a French watercolor artist known for genre painting, realist still life and delicate and melancholic landscapes. Bonvin was born in Vaugirard (at the time a municipality on the outskirts of Paris, today part of the city) in humble circumstances. He was the son of a constable and a seamstress who owned a poor guinguette. He had numerous siblings and lived in a barren plain; the household money was scarce. As a young boy he began making small charcoal sketches, and gradually ink drawings. His older step brother"
"Louis-Pierre Verwee Louis-Pierre Verwee or Louis Pierre Verwée (Kortrijk, 19 March 1807 – Brussels, November 1877) was a Belgian painter known for his rural landscapes with cattle and winter landscapes. He is the principal representative of the Romantic school in Belgian landscape painting characterised by a return to nature. Louis-Pierre Verwee was born in Kortrijk. He abandoned school prematurely to become a student at the Academy of Fine Arts of Kortrijk. Here his instructors included prominent landscape and animal painter Jan Baptiste de Jonghe (1785–1844). He later studied with the landscape and animal painter Eugène Verboeckhoven in Ghent. He established"
"Gaston Anglade Gaston Vincent Anglade (1854 – 1919) was a French impressionist painter known for his pastoral scenes of Dordogne, Pyrenées and Alsace. Anglade was born in Bordeaux and worked in Paris and Dordogne. He studied with Léon Germain Pelouse (1838–1891) and made his reputation with paintings of mist-infused, multi-layered landscapes in a style similar to that of William Didier-Pouget. The large number of similar landscapes he painted, especially of heather-colored hills in the region of the Meuse and Creuze likely contributed to relatively sparse attention to his well-executed works. In recent years, however, they have attracted considerably greater interest."
"the breakthrough of pictorial romanticism in France when it was officially presented at the 1819 Salon. The competing Realist tendency was represented by Jean-François Millet, a native of La Hague. The landscape painter Eugène Boudin, born in Honfleur, was a determining influence on the impressionnists and was highly considered by Monet. Breaking away from the more formalised and classical themes of the early part of the 19th century, Impressionist painters preferred to paint outdoors, in natural light, and to concentrate on landscapes, towns and scenes of daily life. Leader of the movement and father of modern painting, Claude Monet is"
"known for his landscapes with sheep, similar in style to those of Charles Jacque. He was well known for his barnyard subjects. He was also influenced by the Romantic scenes with cattle by the Belgian artist Eugène Joseph Verboeckhoven, which he reinterpreted in a more realistic manner. His compositions often depict, with small variations, the Belgian flat countryside with low horizon, vegetation and water surfaces in the foreground and miniature figures. Partially as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, the depiction of farm animals and pastoral scenes gained popularity in the nineteenth century. The simple, rural subjects perhaps evoked nostalgia"
"artists, such as John Constable and Camille Corot, chose landscapes to serve that end. When Neoclassicism started to go into decline by the 1830s, genre and portrait painting became the focus for the Realist and Romantic artistic revolutions. Many of the great artists of that period included still life in their body of work. The still-life paintings of Francisco Goya, Gustave Courbet, and Eugène Delacroix convey a strong emotional current, and are less concerned with exactitude and more interested in mood. Though patterned on the earlier still-life subjects of Chardin, Édouard Manet's still-life paintings are strongly tonal and clearly headed"