"Guru Nanak Home for Handicapped Children Guru Nanak Home for Handicapped Children (GNH) is a charitable home for handicapped children in Ranchi, India. The home was established in February 1970 to commemorate the 500th birth anniversary of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the central figure in Sikhism. It was founded by Ishar Singh Chopra, Sureshwar Pandey, Harnam Singh Gandhok and Ujjal Singh. Amarjit Chopra, son of Ishar Singh Chopra, put forward the idea of his father and the renowned orthopaedic surgeon Dr Sureshwar Pandey at a meeting of Newham International Community in Forest Gate, London where Mr Avtar Singh Kalha, their"
"into two main philosophical branches of astika, which venerates Veda (e.g., six orthodox schools of Hinduism) and nastika (e.g., Buddhism, Jainism, Charvaka, etc.). However, both branches shared the related concepts of Yoga, ""saṃsāra"" (the cycle of birth and death) and ""moksha"" (liberation from that cycle). The Puranic Period (200 BCE – 500 CE) and Early Medieval period (500–1100 CE) gave rise to new configurations of Hinduism, especially bhakti and Shaivism, Shaktism, Vaishnavism, Smarta and much smaller groups like the conservative Shrauta. The early Islamic period (1100–1500 CE) also gave rise to new movements. Sikhism was founded in the 15th century"
"reformer, mystic, poet, traveller, and spiritual figure, who was born and lived in the city and employed in the tannery industry. Numerous eminent scholars and preachers visited the city from across India and south Asia. Guru Nanak visited Varanasi for Maha Shivaratri in 1507, a trip that played a large role in the founding of Sikhism. Varanasi experienced a ""Hindu"" cultural revival in the 16th century under the Muslim Mughal emperor Akbar, who invested in the city and built two large temples dedicated to Shiva and Vishnu. The Raja of Pune established the Annapurna Mandir, and the Akbari Bridge was"
"was established in 1215 by Dharmadas from Adalaj. King Jayarajsing defeated Mahamad Khalji of Delhi. A warrior and farmer named Dharmadas and his five brothers and other relatives were a great help in defeating Khalji, so the king rewarded him with of land at the border of his kingdom. They were to protect the border and farm the land. They build seven homes and started living in the centre, and divided the land equally. Swaminarayan temple is situated at Nani Bhagol. This temple was built by Sadhu Balramdas whose guru Anandswami was one of the main saint of Swaminarayan and"
"Kabir's ideas were one of the many influences on Guru Nanak, who went on to found Sikhism in the fifteenth century. Other Sikh scholars disagree, stating there are differences between the views and practices of Kabir and Nanak. Harpreet Singh, quoting Hew McLeod, states, ""In its earliest stage Sikhism was clearly a movement within the Hindu tradition; Nanak was raised a Hindu and eventually belonged to the Sant tradition of northern India, a movement associated with the great poet and mystic Kabir."" Surjit Singh Gandhi disagrees, and writes ""Guru Nanak in his thought pattern as well as in action model"
"was Rishabha, who lived long before Mahavira. Next to the Bahá'í Faith, Sikhism is the youngest of the world's major monotheistic religions. Sikhism was established in the 15th century in the state of Punjab in North India. Although born into a Hindu household in 1469 in the Punjab region, Guru Nanak challenged existing practices and is considered the founder of the new faith. The Guru loved to travel and observe concepts and ideas regarding spiritual practices of various faiths. At the heart of his message was a philosophy of universal love, devotion to God. By the time he had left"
"by Nanak in the 15th century, during the bhakti movement period, and scholars call it a Bhakti sect of Indian traditions. The movement has traditionally been considered as an influential social reformation in Hinduism, and provided an individual-focused alternative path to spirituality regardless of one's birth caste or gender. Postmodern scholars question this traditional view and whether the Bhakti movement were ever a social reform or rebellion of any kind. They suggest Bhakti movement was a revival, reworking and recontextualization of ancient Vedic traditions. The ""Bhagavad Gita"", variously dated to have been composed in 5th to 2nd century BCE, introduces"
"five items, called the Five Ks (in Punjabi known as ""pañj kakkē"" or ""pañj kakār""), at all times. The five items are: ""kēs"" (uncut hair), ""kaṅghā"" (small wooden comb), ""kaṛā"" (circular steel or iron bracelet), ""kirpān"" (sword/dagger), and ""kacchera"" (special undergarment). The Five Ks have both practical and symbolic purposes. Guru Nanak (1469–1539), the founder of Sikhism, was born in the village of ""Rāi Bhōi dī Talwandī"", now called Nankana Sahib (in present-day Pakistan). His parents were Khatri Hindus. According to the hagiography ""Puratan Janamsakhi"" composed more than two centuries after his death and probably based on oral tradition, Nanak"
"Mandars and Muslims would go to Sufi mosques, where often different religions and casts would not mix or eat with each other. The Sikhs created the Sikh Langar, by making it an institution for all regardless of background and making it available 24hrs a day to all. The Sikh Langar concept was an innovative charity and symbol of equality created by the founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak around 1500 CE, as its aim was to bring all backgrounds regardless of religion, cast or creed together, which was quite different from the Hindu, Buddhist and Sufi forms, were food was given"
"a small wooden comb. Initiated male and female Sikhs must cover their hair with a turban. Guru Nanak (1469–1539), founder of Sikhism, was born to Mehta Kalu and Mata Tripta, in the village of Talwandi, now called Nankana Sahib, near Lahore. Guru Nanak was a religious leader and social reformer. However, Sikh political history may be said to begin with the death of the fifth Sikh guru, Guru Arjan Dev, in 1606. Religious practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh on 30 March 1699. Gobind Singh initiated five people from a variety of social backgrounds, known as the ""Panj Piare"""
"ruling around Delhi region. For a short time in the late 16th century, Lahore was the capital of the empire. The architectural legacy of the Mughals includes the Lahore Fort, Wazir Khan Mosque, Shalimar Gardens, Tomb of Jahangir, Tomb of Nur Jahan, Akbari Sarai, Hiran Minar, Shah Jahan Mosque and the Badshahi Mosque. The Mughal Empire had a great impact on the culture, cuisine, and architecture of Pakistan. Guru Nanak, Sikhism's founder, was born into a Hindu Khatri family in the village of ""Rāi Bhōi dī Talwandī (""present day Nankana, near Sial in modern-day Pakistan). He was an influential religious"
"Baba Sali and Rabbi Joel Landau. Rabbis who have rejected the idea include Saadia Gaon, David Kimhi, Hasdai Crescas, Joseph Albo, Abraham ibn Daud, Leon de Modena, Solomon ben Aderet, Maimonides and Asher ben Jehiel. Among the Geonim, Hai Gaon argued in favour of ""gilgulim"". Founded in the 15th century, Sikhism's founder Guru Nanak had a choice between the cyclical reincarnation concept of ancient Indian religions and the linear concept of early 7th-century Islam, and he chose the cyclical concept of time. Sikhism teaches reincarnation theory similar to those in Hinduism, but with some differences from its traditional doctrines. Sikh"
"introduced new forms of voluntary social giving such as ""Seva"" (service, for example to a temple or ""guru"" school or community construction), ""Dāna"" (charity), and community kitchens with free shared food. Of community kitchen concepts, the vegetarian Guru ka Langar introduced by Nanak became a well established institution over time, starting with northwest India, and expanding to everywhere Sikh communities are found. Other saints such as Dadu Dayal championed similar social movement, a community that believed in Ahimsa (non-violence) towards all living beings, social equality, and vegetarian kitchen, as well as mutual social service concepts. Bhakti temples and matha (Hindu"
"breathing exercises. It marks the development of asanas (plural) into the full body 'postures' now in popular usage and, along with its many modern variations, is the style that many people associate with the word ""yoga"" today. Various yogic groups had become prominent in Punjab in the 15th and 16th century, when Sikhism was in its nascent stage. Compositions of Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, describe many dialogues he had with Jogis, a Hindu community which practiced yoga. Guru Nanak rejected the austerities, rites and rituals connected with Hatha Yoga. He propounded the path of Sahaja yoga or Nama"
"as a boy was fascinated by religion and spiritual matters, spending time with wandering ascetics and holy men. His friend was Mardana, a Muslim. Together they would sing devotional songs all night in front of the public, and bathe in the river in the morning. One day, at the usual bath, Nanak went missing and his family feared he had drowned. Three days later he returned home, and declared: ""There is no Hindu, there is no Muslim"" (""""nā kōi hindū nā kōi musalmān""""). Thereafter, Nanak started preaching his ideas that form the tenets of Sikhism. In 1526, Guru Nanak at"
"in 1504 AD on the right bank of the Ravi River. The name ""Kartarpur"" means ""place of God"". Here all people, irrespective of their religion or caste, lived together, representing the first 'Sikh commune'. After his travels for about 20 years, Guru Nanak settled in Kartarpur along with his family. Following his death in 1539, Hindus and Muslims both claimed him as their own, and raised mausoleums in his memory with a common wall between them. The changing course of the Ravi River eventually washed away the mausoleums. But Guru Nanak's son saved the urn containing his ashes and reburied"
"to worshippers. Guru Nanak started the Sikh Langar as he came across divided people from different backgrounds who were in need of food, as a young boy. Where he decided in a act of grace and Charity to spend all of his saving, which his father had given to him to start a business. Describing it as sucha sauda, (the truest and highest of all business) to bring all together. In Sikhism, the practice of the ""langar"", or free kitchen, is believed to have been started by the first Sikh Guru, Guru Nanak. It was designed to uphold the principle"
"Buddhist monks. During this period Nashik was very prosperous . It laid on trade route from Tagara and Pratishthana to Broach and was an important trading centre. The Nashik silk was so famous that so many European historian believe that the stylo of silk and gold brocade that Marco Polo (1290) found being woven at Baghdad and called as nasich and nac originally came from Nashik. These silks were known in Europe in the 14th century as nac, nacquts, nachis, naciz, and nasis Abhira Dynasty (220-377 AD): After fall of Satavahana empire, Abhira Dynasty came into prominence, the Abhiras ruled"
"Nakai Misl The Nakai Misl ( , ), founded by Sandhu Jats, was one of the twelve Sikh Misls that later became the Sikh Empire. It held territory between the Ravi and Sutlej rivers to the southwest of Lahore in what is now modern-day Pakistan. The misl fought against the Sials, the Pathans and the Kharals before being incorporated into the Sikh Empire of the Sukerchakia Misl by Ranjit Singh. As the legend goes, in 1595, Guru Arjan Dev (1563–1606), the Fifth Sikh Guru, with some of his followers visited the village of Baherwal. However, the holy man was not"
"religious migration of Punjabi Muslims in East Punjab. Guru Nanak (1469–1539), founder of Sikhism, was born to Mehta Kalu and Mata Tripta, in a Hindu family in the village of Talwandi, now called Nankana Sahib, near Lahore. His father, named Mehta Kalu, was a Patwari, an accountant of land revenue in the government. Nanak's mother was Mata Tripta, and he had one older sister, Bibi Nanki. From an early age, Guru Nanak Dev Ji seemed to have acquired a questioning and enquiring mind and refused as a child to wear the ritualistic ""sacred"" thread called a Janeu and instead said"
"son of Shivadatla. This dynasty originated in A. D. 249-50, an era called Kalachuri or Chedi in later times. In Kritayuga, Nashik was 'Trikantak', 'Janasthana' in Dwaparyuga and later in Kuliyuga it became 'Navashikh' or 'Nashik'. Classical Sanskrit poets like Valmiki, Kālidāsa and Bhavabhuti have paid rich tributes here. In 150 BC Nashik was the country's largest market place. From 1487 A.D, the province came under the rule of Mughals and was known as Gulshanabad. It was also home of Emperor Akbar who wrote at length about Nashik in Ein-e-Akbari. It was also known as the 'Land of the Brave'"
"century, who eventually achieved independence from the Timurids. Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, is believed to have visited the town (c. 1521 AD) during his important journey between Hindustan and Mecca in Arabia. Tamerlane's descendant, Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, annexed Kandahar in 1508. In 1554, Babur's son, Humayun, handed it over to the Safavid Shah Tahmasp in return of 70,000 soldiers he received from the Shah to reconquer India. In 1595, Humayun's son Akbar the Great conquered the city by diplomacy. Akbar died in 1605 and when this news reached the Persian court, Shah Abbas ordered"
"death in the Adi Granth. The Janamsakhis, stories on the life and legend of Guru Nanak (1469–1539), are early examples of Punjabi prose literature. Nanak himself composed Punjabi verse incorporating vocabulary from Sanskrit, Arabic, Persian, and other Indic languages as characteristic of the Gurbani tradition. Sufi poetry developed under Shah Hussain (1538–1599), Sultan Bahu (1628–1691), Shah Sharaf (1640–1724), Ali Haider (1690–1785), and Bulleh Shah (1680–1757). In contrast to Persian poets who had preferred the ghazal for poetic expression, Punjabi Sufi poets tended to compose in the Kafi.[3]. Punjabi Sufi poetry also influenced other Punjabi literary traditions particularly the Punjabi Qissa,"
"Sikhism in Nepal Sikhs first entered Nepal in the 18th century. Today, there is a small community of Sikhs living in Nepal, totaling around 7,000 people according to the 2011 census. Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism, spent more than a year meditating on a site now known as Nanak Math, located in Balaju, Kathmandu. It is believed that Guru Nanak visited the math in 1516. Following conflict with the British East India Company, Maharani Jind Kaur, the youngest wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, managed to escape from the Punjab disguised as a servant girl and came to Nepal"
"was founded as a Palace Library by the Nayak kings of Thanjavur (1535–1675), it was however Serfoji who enriched it with priceless works, maps, dictionaries, coins and artwork. The bibliophile that he was, he purchased around 4000 books from different parts of the world and enriched his library with his enormous book collection. Medical treatises, in the library collection contained his remarks alongside, in English. His library included treatises on Vedanta, grammar, music, dance and drama, architecture, astronomy, medicine, training of elephants and horses, etc. Serfoji set up the first Devanagari printing press in South India, using stone letters. He"
"was built to commemorate the site where Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, settled after his missionary work. He assembled a Sikh community there, and lived for 18 years until his death in 1539. The gurdwara is built where Guru Nanak is said to have died. According to Lahore-based art historian Fakr Syed Aijazuddin, the shrine houses the last copies of the original Guru Granth Sahib. A Sikh pilgrim remarked, ""every step here reminds us of the Guru's life"". Indian Sikhs gather in large numbers on bluffs on the Indian side of the border to obtain ""darshan"", or sacred viewing,"
"all who are wrongfully oppressed or persecuted irrespective of their colour, caste, or creed. Kirpans are curved and have a single cutting edge that may be either blunt or sharp. They are often between and long, and must be made of steel or iron. Sikhism was founded in the 15th century the Punjab region of medieval India. At the time of its founding, this culturally rich region had been conquered by the Mughal Empire from central Asia. During the time of the founder of the Sikh faith and its first guru, Guru Nanak, Sikhism flourished as a counter to both"
"one of the finest works of Tughluq architecture, which dwarfed even the tomb of Baba Farid. Firuz Tughluq undertook repairs at the shrine of Baba Farid in the 14th century, and began to grant robes to honour descendants of Baba Farid. Eventually, subsequent ""diwans"" of the shrine became closely associated with the Tughluq court in Delhi, and the shrine began to increasingly rely upon royal patronage. Tamerlane visited the shrine in 1398 during his invasion of northern India. The founder of Sikhism, Guru Nanak, visited the shrine in the early 1500s to collect compositions of Baba Farid's poetry from Sheikh"
"believe that Guru Nanak, the founder of Sikhism, visited Skardu during his second ""udasi"" journey between 1510 and 1515. In the early 1500s, Sultan Said Khan of the Timurid ""Yarkent"" Khanate, based in what is now Xinjiang province of China, raided Skardu and Baltistan. Given the threat illustrated by the Sultan Said's invasion, Mughal attention was roused, prompting the 1586 conquest of Baltistan by the Mughal Emperor Akbar. The local Maqpon rulers pledged allegiance, and from that point onwards beginning with Ali Sher Khan Anchan, the kings of Skardu were mentioned as rulers of Little Tibet in the historiography of"
"Manikaran until the 1905 Kangra earthquake. According to the Sikhs, during third Udasi, the founder of Sikhism Guru Nanak came to this place in 15 Asu 1574 Bikrami with his disciple Bhai Mardana. Mardana felt hungry and they had no food. Guru Nanak sent Mardana to collect food for the langar (the Community Kitchen). Many people donated atta (flour) to make Roti(bread). The one problem was that there was no fire to cook the food. Guru Nanak asked Mardana to lift a stone and he complied and a hot spring appeared. As directed by Guru Nanak, Mardana put the rolled"
"the population is under 6 years of age. According to 2011 Census of India, Nahan has a population of 56000. The sex ratio was 916 females per thousand males and literacy rate stood at 83.4% with male literacy at 87.01% and female literacy at 76.71%. Nahan is situated on a hill top in the Shiwalik Hills, overlooking green hills. Traditionally, saints and princes are linked with the origin of Nahan. The city was founded as in 1621 by Raja Karam Prakash. Another version recalls a saint who lived with a companion named Nahar on the site where the Nahan palace"
"according to Cole and Sambhi, is based on hagiographical Janamsakhis, and states that Nanak's teachings and Sikhism were a revelation from God, and not a social protest movement nor any attempt to reconcile Hinduism and Islam in the 15th century. The other states, Nanak was a Guru. According to Singha, ""Sikhism does not subscribe to the theory of incarnation or the concept of prophethood. But it has a pivotal concept of Guru. He is not an incarnation of God, not even a prophet. He is an illumined soul."" The hagiographical ""Janamsakhis"" were not written by Nanak, but by later followers"
"similar forms of worship where his songs are sung daily. Other rituals of aarti and distributing prasad are similar to other Hindu temples. The followers of Kabir are vegetarians and abstain from alcohol. Kabir's verses were incorporated into Adi Granth, the scripture of Sikhism, with verses attributed to Kabir constituting the largest non-Sikh contribution. Some scholars state Kabir's ideas were one of the many influences on Guru Nanak, who went on to found Sikhism in the fifteenth century. Other Sikh scholars disagree, stating there are differences between the views and practices of Kabir and Nanak. Harpreet Singh, quoting Hew McLeod,"