"was demolished, but made little difference to the area's reputation. In 1844, a resident suggested the street should be renamed as a continuation of Wellington Street to distance itself from the reputation Bow Street had acquired. Bow Street's character changed during the 18th century to cover police and law. No. 4, originally built by James Browne in 1703-4, served as a magistrates' court from 1740. The forerunner of the modern police force, the Bow Street Runners, were founded there by novelist and dramatist Henry Fielding around 1750, after he assembled a group of volunteers who would be paid for securing"
"from his office, which he called ""the dirtiest money upon earth,"" dwindled because he refused to take money from the very poor. Joined by his younger half-brother John, he helped found what some have called London's first police force, the Bow Street Runners, in 1749. According to the historian G. M. Trevelyan, they were two of the best magistrates in 18th-century London, who did much to enhance judicial reform and improve prison conditions. Fielding's influential pamphlets and enquiries included a proposal for the abolition of public hangings. This did not, however, imply opposition to capital punishment as such – as"
"actively as they had before. Their incomes from London crime diminished as the position that Bow Street had once held in the commitment of felons to trial continued to erode with the expansion of the patrol and the creation of new police offices from 1792. By the early 1820s, Bow Street was responsible for just over 10% of the accused felons being committed to trial at the Old Bailey. After 1815, the Runners' most regular employment was to respond to help requests from prosecutors outside London. These were likely cases in which their skill and experience was thought to be"
"Bow Street Magistrates' Court Bow Street Magistrates' Court became one of the most famous magistrates' court in England. Over its 266-year existence it occupied various buildings on Bow Street in Central London, immediately north-west of Covent Garden. It closed in 2006 and its work moved to a set of four Magistrates' Courts: Westminster, Camberwell Green, Highbury Corner and the City of London Magistrates' Court. The first court at Bow Street was established in 1740, when Colonel Sir Thomas de Veil, a Westminster justice, sat as a magistrate in his home at number 4. De Veil was succeeded by novelist and"
"competence of those engaged in administering justice in London. They formed the first professional police force, the Bow Street Runners. Through the regular circulation of a ""police gazette"" containing descriptions of known criminals, Fielding also established the basis for the first police criminal records department. When Henry died in 1754, John was appointed magistrate at Bow Street in his place, becoming renowned as the ""Blind Beak"", and allegedly being able to recognize three thousand criminals by the sounds of their voices. He also continued to develop his ideas on crime prevention and youth employment, helping to found the Asylum for"
"to be known as the Bow Street Runners. Fielding's blind half-brother, Sir John Fielding (known as the ""Blind Beak of Bow Street""), succeeded his brother as magistrate in 1754 and refined the patrol into the first truly effective police force for the capital. The early 19th century saw a dramatic increase in number and scope of the police based at Bow Street with the 1805 formation of the Bow Street Horse Patrole, which covered to the edge of London and was the first uniformed police unit in Britain, and in 1821 the Dismounted Horse Patrole which covered suburban areas. When"
"convictions and could take private commission or rewards. Fielding called them ""theif-takers"", but the Bow Street Runner name did not appear until later in the century. Following his death, Fielding was succeeded by his half-brother John. Many of the early records of the Bow Street Runners were destroyed in the Gordon Riots of 1780, when the magistrates' court became a target. Records of arrest history and convictions were burned to expunge the rioters' criminal records. In 1832, the Metropolitan Police Service built a new station house on the site of Nos. 33–34. This did not include the Bow Street Runners,"
"of street life, beginning in London. Contrary to several popular sources, the Bow Street Runners were not nicknamed ""Robin Redbreasts"", an epithet reserved for the Bow Street Horse Patrol. The horse patrol was organised in 1763 by Richard Ford, Sir John Fielding's successor at Bow Street, who secured a government grant of £600 to establish the force to deal with highway robbery. It was so successful in cutting crime that funding stopped—and highwaymen soon returned. The Patrol was not re-introduced until 1805 following Patrick Colquhoun's campaign. They wore a distinctive scarlet waistcoat under their blue greatcoats. Up to the early"
"1754 and refined his small band of officers (formerly known as the Bow Street Runners) into an effective police force for the capital. Stipendiaries remained in charge of the police until 1839. The first paid magistrate outside London was appointed in 1813 in Manchester. The Municipal Corporations Act 1835 gave boroughs the ability to request the appointment of a stipendiary magistrate in their locality. Originally stipendiaries were not required to have any qualifications, however they could only be appointed from the ranks of barristers (from 1839) and solicitors (from 1849). Women in England and Wales were not allowed to become"
"is evident, for example, in his presiding in 1751 over the trial of the notorious criminal James Field, finding him guilty in a robbery and sentencing him to hang. John Fielding, despite being blind by then, succeeded his older brother as chief magistrate, becoming known as the ""Blind Beak of Bow Street"" for his ability to recognise criminals by their voices alone. In January 1752 Fielding started a fortnightly periodical entitled ""The Covent-Garden Journal"", which he would publish under the pseudonym of ""Sir Alexander Drawcansir, Knt. Censor of Great Britain"" until November of the same year. In this periodical, Fielding"
"filthy gutters. Corrupt night-watchmen and thief-takers turn a blind eye to wrongdoing. And dark creatures lurk in back alleys, called from beyond by the desperate with nothing left to lose. But there is a new force on the streets of London; for the author and magistrate Henry Fielding has teamed up with his brother John to form the city’s first police force – the Bow Street Runners. The Fieldings have persuaded parliament to fund their crime-fighting endeavour, but they know that there is something behind the vice – for John Fielding’s blind eyes can see things that others cannot –"
"aim of every good system of legislation, which is the art of leading men to the greatest possible happiness or to the least possible misery, according to calculation of all the goods and evils of life. Patrick Colquhoun's influential work, ""A Treatise on the Police of the Metropolis"" (1797) was heavily influenced by Benthamite thought. Colquhoun's Thames River Police was founded on these principles, and in contrast to the Bow Street Runners, acted as a deterrent by their continual presence on the riverfront, in addition to being able to intervene if they spotted a crime in progress. Edwin Chadwick's 1829"
"Henry Fielding (1707—1754), who also founded the Bow Street Runners, lived in the manor house for three years, after inheriting it. During this time he spent his fortune and consequently became a professional writer. The house, sited west of the church, was demolished in 1835, though its mullioned windows were probably incorporated into its replacement, which previously was called Fielding's Farm but in 1919 became Church Farm. East Stour, Dorset East Stour is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset in southern England. It lies within the North Dorset administrative district, about south of the town of"
"in 1785 failed to bring adequate supervision of justices. However, the Middlesex Justices Act of 1792 set up seven public offices, in addition to Bow Street, London, with three justices in each, with salaries of £400 a year. The power to take fees was removed from all justices in the city. Six constables were appointed to each office, with powers of arrest. This was the origin of the modern stipendiary magistrate (district judge). One famous magistrate was Sir John Fielding (known as the ""Blind Beak of Bow Street""), who succeeded his half-brother as magistrate in Bow Street Magistrates' Court in"
"Thomas de Veil Sir Thomas de Veil (21 November 1684 – 7 October 1746), also known as deVeil, was Bow Street's first magistrate; he was known for having enforced the Gin Act in 1736, and, with Sir John Gonson, Henry Fielding, and John Fielding, was responsible for creating the first professional police and justice system in England. Thomas de Veil was born in St Paul's Churchyard, London, in 1684. The identity of his parents is unclear: while a contemporary biographer had pinpointed Revd. Dr. Hans de Veil as his father, the parish of St Augustine, London, records the birth of"
"based at No. 34 Bow Street since 1994. A police station in Bow Street is mentioned in the Sherlock Holmes story ""The Man with the Twisted Lip"". At the station, Holmes reveals that the beggar Hugh Boone is the aristocrat Neville St. Clair in disguise. Bow Street is one of the streets on the British version of the game Monopoly, which is based in London. It forms a group with Marlborough Street and Vine Street, all of which have connections to the police and law. Citations Sources Bow Street Bow Street is a thoroughfare in Covent Garden, Westminster, London. It"
"figured as Lord Fanny, Sporus, Adonis and Narcissus, lived in the street until he sold his house in 1730. James Wolfe, later General Wolfe, lived in the street as a junior officer in 1743 and 1744. Mark Akenside, physician and poet and author of ""The Pleasures of the Imagination"" lived in the street from 1762 until his death in 1770. During the corn riots of 1815, a mob attacked number 15, the home of Dr. Frederick (Prosperity) Robinson, tore up the railings outside and battered down the front door. Soldiers inside fired on the crowd and killed a midshipman named"
"Westminster in 1729. Soon after being appointed to the commissions of the peace he opened his first office in Leicester Fields, conducting criminal hearings there. He would move to Thrift Street, Soho, sometime in either 1737 or 1738, and finally to Bow Street in 1740. He would be the first magistrate to set up court there, effectively creating the Bow Street Magistrates' Court. From 1729, when he was first appointed Court Justice, until his death, he was the most active magistrate in London, and would provide the public access to his services on a regular basis. He broke up many"
"Bow Street between 1678 and 1721, while the physician John Radcliffe stayed on the street in the 1680s. Author and scribe John Ayres stayed at Bow street during the late 17th century, as did the playwright William Wycherley. The actor-manager David Garrick lived at No. 6 between 1742 and 1744 while Charles Macklin stayed in the street between 1743 and 1748. Will's Coffee House was founded at No. 71 Bow Street in 1671 by William Urvin. It became popular during the 1690s, extending to No. 20 Russell Street, and survived until 1751. Many residents moved away from Bow Street after"
"Bow Street Bow Street is a thoroughfare in Covent Garden, Westminster, London. It connects Long Acre, Russell Street and Wellington Street, and is part of a route from St Giles to Waterloo Bridge. The street was developed in 1633 by Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford for residential purposes. A number of notable people lived here in the 17th and 18th centuries, including Oliver Cromwell and Robert Harley, 1st Earl of Oxford. In the 18th century, the street declined as a place of residence following the establishment of the Royal Opera House and the nearby Covent Garden Theatre which led"
"useful in investigating offences in the provinces. After the establishment of the Metropolitan Police in 1829, the policing responsibilities of the Bow Street magistrates were very considerably diminished. The Bow Street patrol was gradually absorbed into the new police force and Bow Street was left with only the Runners. Even then, the Home Office held much of the authority over the activity of the Runners and was mainly concerned to bring Bow Street's finances under control. The Bow Street magistrates' effective loss of authority over the activity of the Runners and the government concern to control costs meant that the"
"Palace (then called Buckingham House) from the Duke of Buckingham. It was enlarged over the next 75 years by architects such as John Nash. A phenomenon of the era was the coffeehouse, which became a popular place to debate ideas. Growing literacy and the development of the printing press meant that news became widely available. Fleet Street became the centre of the embryonic national press during the century. 18th-century London was dogged by crime. The Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force. Penalties for crime were harsh, with the death penalty being applied for fairly"
"was completed. During the Georgian era, new districts such as Mayfair were formed in the west; new bridges over the Thames encouraged development in South London. In the east, the Port of London expanded downstream. London's development as an international financial centre matured for much of the 1700s. In 1762, George III acquired Buckingham House and it was enlarged over the next 75 years. During the 18th century, London was dogged by crime, and the Bow Street Runners were established in 1750 as a professional police force. In total, more than 200 offences were punishable by death, including petty theft."
"the Bow Street office and to encourage private citizens to report crimes and provide information about offenders; the advertisements would be published in the ""Public Advertiser"", a paper in which, as some critics have pointed out, the Fielding brothers had a financial interest. In late 1753, the government approved Fielding's proposal and established an annual subvention of £200, that allowed Fielding not only to support the advertisement and the Bow Street officers, but also to maintain a stable group of clerks who kept detailed records of their activities. A new kind of magistrate's office and of policing activity was therefore"
"a wealthy merchant and financially assisted the children of Robert Burns after Burns's death in 1796. He was elected alderman for Portsoken in 1798 and became Sheriff of London and Middlesex in 1803. Shaw had developed a reputation as a ""gentleman and a citizen"" and was sponsored for the office of Lord Mayor of London by the Scriveners' Company, and became only the second member of that guild to achieve that honour. Having taken office in 1805, Shaw determined to re-establish the tradition whereby the Lord Mayor took precedence in public processions within the City of London over all except"
"Fog Rises"" (Warner, UK). A book which “reeks with the pervasive stench of excrement” as Iain Sinclair […] put it, this is a lowlife spectacular set in the seediest sections of the capital. Derek Raymond Robert William Arthur Cook (12 June 1931 – 30 July 1994), better known since the 1980s by his pen name Derek Raymond, was an English crime writer, credited with being a founder of British noir. The eldest son of a textile magnate, Cook spent his early years at the family's London house, off Baker Street, tormenting a series of nannies. In 1937, in anticipation of"
"Robert Dodsley Robert Dodsley (13 February 1704 – 23 September 1764) was an English bookseller, poet, playwright, and miscellaneous writer. Dodsley was born near Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, where his father was master of the free school. He is said to have been apprenticed to a stocking-weaver in Mansfield, from whom he ran away, going into service as a footman. Profits and fame from his early literary works enabled Dodsley to establish himself with the help of his friends (Alexander Pope lent him £100) as a bookseller at the sign of Tully's Head in Pall Mall, London, in 1735. He soon became"
"such as Christopher Smart, Bonnell Thornton, William Kenrick, Arthur Murphy, and Tobias Smollett. However, both Hill and Fielding had previously attacked Philip D'Halluin, and D'Halluin hired Bonnell Thorton, a friend of Smart's, to respond in kind. Not far after Thorton's involvement in the dispute, a pamphlet in the ""London Daily Advertiser"" called ""The March of the Lion"", 29 January 1752, introduces Smart via a reference to his ""Mrs. Mary Midnight"" pseudonym, although Smart was not yet a participant. During this conflict, Smart tried to publish his first collection, and the 851 people subscribers to Smart's ""Poems"" could not keep it"
"was just getting underway. The syndicate also built Bond Street and Albemarle Street. In June 1797 John Nash moved into 28 Dover Street a building of his own design, he built an even bigger house next door at 29 into which he moved the following year. Edward Moxon moved from premises he had established in 1830 in New Bond Street to 44 Dover Street. He published Wordsworth from 1835 onwards and in 1839 issued the first complete edition of Shelley's poems. In 1841, he was found guilty of blasphemy for passages in Shelley's ""Queen Mab"". Anne Lister (1791–1840), a notable"
"a large audience for his examinations of suspected offenders, opened and available for the public for long and regular hours. In doing so, he turned the office from being the mere house of a magistrate to being the Bow Street Magistrates' Court in which several justices were employed in rotation in order to keep the office open for long hours every day. This process of transformation was further amplified by Fielding's success in encouraging the London press to attend and provide their readers with a weekly report on his activity. Just after John Fielding's death in 1780, the crisis of"
"Elizabeth Bowen Elizabeth Bowen, CBE (; 7 June 1899 – 22 February 1973) was an Irish novelist and short story writer, notable for some of the best fiction about life in wartime London. Elizabeth Dorothea Cole Bowen was born on 7 June 1899 at 15 Herbert Place in Dublin and baptised in the nearby St Stephen's Church on Upper Mount Street. Her parents, Henry Charles Cole Bowen and Florence (née Colley) Bowen, later brought her to Bowen's Court at Farahy, near Kildorrery, County Cork, where she spent her summers. When her father became mentally ill in 1907, she and her"
"was ineffective, advocating instead punishments that, in the mind of the criminal, fit the crime. Police Magistrate John Fielding, head of the Bow Street Runners, believed that ""It is much better to prevent even one man from being a rogue than apprehending and bringing forty to justice."" Fielding's Bow Street ""thief takers"", however, were a stipendiary force, and were primarily relegated to policing crime after it was committed. Despite the introduction of the Bow Street Runners and other paid professionals, private citizens were still overwhelmingly responsible for initiating criminal charges against culprits. Research suggests this reliance on the public to"
"architects such as John Nash. It would not be until the 19th century that the palace would become the principal London royal residence. A phenomenon of 18th-century London was the coffee house, which became a popular place to debate ideas. Growing literacy and the development of the printing press meant that news became widely available. Fleet Street became the centre of the embryonic British press during the century. Up until 1750, London Bridge was the only crossing over the Thames, but in that year Westminster Bridge was opened. The Bow Street Runners were established in 1749 as a professional police"