"Tantalus Tantalus ( ""Tántalos"") was a Greek mythological figure, most famous for his eternal punishment in Tartarus. He was also called Atys. He was made to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches, with the fruit ever eluding his grasp, and the water always receding before he could take a drink. He was the father of Pelops, Niobe and Broteas, and was a son of Zeus and the nymph Plouto. Thus, like other heroes in Greek mythology such as Theseus and the Dioskouroi, Tantalus had both a hidden, divine parent and a mortal one."
"Prosymnus Prosymnus (Ancient Greek: Πρόσυμνος) or Polymnus (Πόλυμνος), in Greek mythology, was a shepherd living near the reputedly bottomless Alcyonian Lake, hazardous to swimmers, which lay in the Argolid, on the coast of the Gulf of Argos, near the prehistoric site of Lerna. When the wine god Dionysus went to Hades to rescue his mother Semele, Prosymnus guided him to the entrance by rowing him to the middle of the lake. The reward demanded by Prosymnus for this service was the right to make love to Dionysus. However, when Dionysus returned to earth by a different route, he found that"
"have to be treated with reserve because their aim is to discredit pagan mythology. Annual nocturnal rites took place at the Alcyonian Lake in classical times; Pausanias refuses to describe them. Prosymnus Prosymnus (Ancient Greek: Πρόσυμνος) or Polymnus (Πόλυμνος), in Greek mythology, was a shepherd living near the reputedly bottomless Alcyonian Lake, hazardous to swimmers, which lay in the Argolid, on the coast of the Gulf of Argos, near the prehistoric site of Lerna. When the wine god Dionysus went to Hades to rescue his mother Semele, Prosymnus guided him to the entrance by rowing him to the middle of"
"the Swan Lake because of that, and when Phylius died, he was buried near it. Ovid also incorporates the story of Cycnus and Phylius in his ""Metamorphoses"": in his version, Phylius performs the three tasks but refuses to deliver the tamed bull to Cycnus. The latter is scorned and throws himself off a cliff, but transforms into a swan as he is falling and flies away. His mother Hyrie, unaware of the transformation and thinking that he is dead, dissolves away in tears, thus changing into the lake Hyrie. Cycnus of Aetolia In Greek mythology, Cycnus (Ancient Greek: Κύκνος ""swan"")"
"drink, the water receded before he could get any. Over his head towers a threatening stone like the one that Sisyphus is punished to roll up a hill. This fate has cursed him with eternal deprivation of nourishment. In a different story, Tantalus was blamed for indirectly having stolen the dog made of gold created by Hephaestus (god of metals and smithing) for Rhea to watch over infant Zeus. Tantalus's friend Pandareus stole the dog and gave it to Tantalus for safekeeping. When asked later by Pandareus to return the dog, Tantalus denied that he had it, saying he ""had"
"Lernaean Hydra The Lernaean Hydra or Hydra of Lerna (, ""Lernaîa Hýdra""), more often known simply as the Hydra, is a serpentine water monster in Greek and Roman mythology. Its lair was the lake of Lerna in the Argolid, which was also the site of the myth of the Danaïdes. Lerna was reputed to be an entrance to the Underworld, and archaeology has established it as a sacred site older than Mycenaean Argos. In the canonical Hydra myth, the monster is killed by Heracles (Hercules) as the second of his Twelve Labors. According to Hesiod, the Hydra was the offspring"
"Lethe In Greek mythology, Lethe (Greek: , ""Lḗthē""; , ) was one of the five rivers of the underworld of Hades. Also known as the ""Ameles potamos"" (river of unmindfulness), the Lethe flowed around the cave of Hypnos and through the Underworld, where all those who drank from it experienced complete forgetfulness. Lethe was also the name of the Greek spirit of forgetfulness and oblivion, with whom the river was often identified. In Classical Greek, the word lethe (λήθη) literally means ""oblivion"", ""forgetfulness"", or ""concealment"". It is related to the Greek word for ""truth"", ""aletheia"" (ἀλήθεια), which through the privative"
"Lityerses In Greek mythology, Lityerses (Ancient Greek: Λιτυέρσης) was an illegitimate son of Midas (or of Comis) dwelling in Celaenae, Phrygia. He challenged people to harvesting contests and beheaded those he beat, putting the rest of their bodies in the sheaves. Heracles won the contest and killed him, then threw his body into the river Maeander. He was also known as the reaper of men. One source describes him as a glutton who could eat ""three asses' panniers"" of food and drink ""a ten-amphora cask"" of wine at a time. The Phrygian reapers used to celebrate his memory in a"
"ferryman by telling him a myth concerning Charybdis. With one gulp of the sea, she brought the mountains to view; islands appeared after the next. The third is yet to come and will dry the sea altogether, thus depriving the ferryman of his livelihood. Charybdis Charybdis (; Ancient Greek: Χάρυβδις, , ""Kharybdis"") was a sea monster in the Greek Mythology, which was later rationalized as a whirlpool and considered a shipping hazard in the Strait of Messina. The sea monster Charybdis was believed to live under a small rock on one side of a narrow channel. Opposite her was Scylla,"
"Glaucus In Greek mythology, Glaucus (; ""Glaukos ""greyish blue"" or ""bluish green"" and ""glimmering"""") was a Greek prophetic sea-god, born mortal and turned immortal upon eating a magical herb. It was believed that he commonly came to the rescue of sailors and fishermen in storms, having once been one himself. Glaucus' parentage is different in the different traditions, which Athenaeus lists: The story of Glaucus' deification was dealt with in detail by Ovid in ""Metamorphoses"" and briefly referenced by many other authors. According to Ovid, Glaucus began his life as a mortal fisherman living in the Boeotian city of Anthedon."
"(VI.703-751) writes that it is only when the dead have had their memories erased by the Lethe that they may be reincarnated. Lethe was also the name of the personification of forgetfulness and oblivion, with whom the river was often associated. Hesiod's ""Theogony"" identifies her as the daughter of Eris (""strife""), and the sister of Ponos (""Hardship""), Limos (""Starvation""), Algea (""Pains""), Hysminai (""Battles""), Makhai (""Wars""), Phonoi (""Murders""), Androktasiai (""Manslaughters""), Neikea (""Quarrels""), Pseudea (""Lies""), Logoi (""Stories""), Amphillogiai (""Disputes""), Dysnomia (""Anarchy""), Ate (""Ruin""), and Horkos (""Oath""). Some ancient Greeks believed that souls were made to drink from the river before being reincarnated,"
"Hippomedon (Seven Against Thebes) In Greek mythology, Hippomedon (Ἰππομέδων, ""gen"".: Ἰππομέδοντος) was one of the Seven Against Thebes. He lived near the lake Lerna in Peloponessus; the foundations of his house on Mount Pontinus at Lerna were shown in Pausanias' times. In Euripides' ""The Suppliants"", he is characterized as a person uninterested in comfort and entertainments, eager to face hardships, and dedicating a lot of time to training for combat. Hippomedon's father was either Talaus, the father of Adrastus, or Aristomachus (a son of Talaus), or Mnesimachus. If he is the son of Mnesimachus, then his mother is Metidice, daughter"
"up, and reared him. Feeling that he was being guarded by the will of the gods, they gave him the name Hippothous (Hippothoon). The body of Alope was then turned by Poseidon into a fountain, called by the name Alope, near Eleusis. Cercyon was said to have treated strangers wickedly, especially in wrestling with them against their will. He stood on the roads around Eleusis and challenged passers-by to a wrestling match. Other writers identified Cercyon as a robber who operated around Eleusis. The loser (always the passer-by) was murdered, though Cercyon promised his kingdom to anyone who won. In"
"Cyane In Roman mythology, Cyane (Κυανῆ ""Kuanē̂"" ""dark blue"" in Greek) was a nymph who tried to prevent Dis from abducting Proserpina, her playmate. Upon failure, she dissolved away in tears and melted into her pool. In a slightly different version, Cyane was the Naiad (i.e. the fresh-water nymph) of a spring in the Sicilian town of Syracuse. After witnessing Hades's abduction of the goddess Persephone and trying to prevent it, she was turned to liquid by Hades. Cyane had as a partner the river god Anapos (or Anapis). She cited their love as an example of consensual relationship while"
"θεοὺς πάντας τε καὶ πάσας ἵστορας ποιεύμενος ἐπιτελέα ποιήσειν κατὰ δύναμιν καὶ κρίσιν ἐμὴν ὅρκον τόνδε καὶ ξυγγραφὴν τήνδε. I swear, calling upon Apollo the physician and Asclepius, Hygeia and Panaceia and all the gods and goddesses as witnesses, that I will fulfill this oath and this contract according to my ability and judgment. A river in Thrace/Moesia took its name from the goddess, and is still known in modern Bulgaria as the river Zlatna Panega (""Golden Panega"", from Greek ""panakeia""). Panacea In Greek mythology, Panacea (Greek ""Πανάκεια"", Panakeia) was a goddess of universal remedy and the daughter of Asclepius"
"Horkos In Greek mythology, the figure of Horkos (Greek: , ""oath"") personifies the curse that will be inflicted on any person who swears a false oath. In Aesop’s Fables there is a cautionary story, numbered 239 in the Perry Index, indicating that retribution is swift where the god is defied. Oath-taking and the penalties for perjuring oneself played an important part in the Ancient Greek concept of justice. Hesiod's ""Theogony"" identifies Horkos as the son of Eris (""strife"") and brother of various tribulations: ""Ponos (""Hardship""), Lethe (""Forgetfulness""), Limos (""Starvation""), Algae (""Pains""), Hysminai (""Battles""), Makhai (""Wars""), Phonoi (""Murders""), Androktasiai (Manslaughters""), Neikea"
"land she stole from him, captured and chained her to the sea-bed. Charybdis was then cursed by the god into a hideous bladder of a monster, with flippers for arms and legs, and an uncontrollable thirst for the sea. As such, she drank the water from the sea thrice a day to quench it, which created whirlpools. She lingered on a rock with Scylla facing her directly on another rock, making a strait. Odysseus faced both Charybdis and Scylla while rowing through a narrow channel. He ordered his men to avoid Charybdis, thus forcing them to pass near Scylla, which"
"after Antigone is taken away (960 in the Greek text). In Homer's ""Iliad"", an older source than Aeschylus, Lycurgus's punishment for his disrespect towards the gods, particularly Dionysus, is blindness inflicted by Zeus followed not long after by death. According to Sophocles, the frenzied Lycurgus mocked at Dionysus and as punishment was shut in ""a prison of stone"" until his madness went away. Lycurgus of Thrace In Greek mythology, Lycurgus (/laɪˈkɜːrɡəs/; Ancient Greek: Λυκοῦργος ""Lykoûrgos"", Ancient Greek: [lykôrɡos]; c. 820 BC) (also Lykurgos, Lykourgos) was the king of the Edoni in Thrace, son of Dryas, the ""oak"", and father of"
"Methe. Methe In Greek mythology, Methe was the spirit and personification of drunkenness. She entered the retinue of Dionysus and was mentioned in association with the god or other companions of his. The ""Anacreontea"" thus describes the mythological connections of Methe: """"Let us be merry and drink wine and sing of Bacchus . . . thanks to him Methe"" (Drunkenness) ""was brought forth,"" ""the Charis"" (Grace) ""was born, Lype"" (Pain) ""takes rest and Ania"" (Trouble) ""goes to sleep."""" Pausanias mentions a painting of Methe drinking wine in the temple of Asclepius at Epidaurus, and another one of her offering wine"
"become immortal but will be sent to stay in a cave. The event portrayed in the ""Iliad"" also provides the action of the play ""Rhesus"", transmitted among the plays of Euripides. Scholia to the ""Iliad"" episode and the ""Rhesus"" agree in giving Rhesus a more heroic stature, incompatible with Homer's version. Rhesus is also named as one of the eight rivers that Poseidon raged from Mount Ida to the sea in order to knock down the wall that the Achaeans built. There was also a river in Bithynia named Rhesus, with Greek myth providing an attendant river god of the"
"Orseis In Greek mythology, Orseïs (; Ancient Greek: Ὀρσηΐς, derived from ὄρσω - ""orsô"", ""to rouse, stir, awaken, excite or arise"") was the water-nymph (Naiad) of a spring in Thessalia, Greece, and the mythical ancestor of the Greeks. In some accounts, she was described as a mountain nymph (oread). It is uncertain whether Orseis was believed to be the daughter of Oceanus or the river-god of Thessalia, Peneios. There is even a possibility that she was the daughter of Zeus and Deino the Graeae. According to the ""Library"", Orseis married Hellen, son of Deucalion and Pyrrha and brother of Pandora,"
"431 BC, features a character named ""Elpenor"". Elpenor In Greek mythology, Elpenor (; Ancient Greek: Ἐλπήνωρ, gen.: Ἐλπήνορος), also spelled Elpinor , was the youngest comrade of Odysseus. While on the island of Circe, he became drunk and decided to spend the night on the roof. In the morning he slipped on the ladder, fell, and broke his neck. Elpenor was not especially notable for his intelligence or strength, but he survived the Trojan War, and appears in the ""Odyssey"". He is the youngest man to survive the Laestrygonians. While Odysseus was staying on Aeaea, Circe's island, Elpenor became drunk"
"Poseidon Poseidon (; , ) was one of the Twelve Olympians in ancient Greek religion and myth. He was god of the Sea and other waters; of earthquakes; and of horses. In pre-Olympian Bronze Age Greece, he was venerated as a chief deity at Pylos and Thebes. His Roman equivalent is Neptune. Poseidon was protector of seafarers, and of many Hellenic cities and colonies. In Homer's ""Iliad"", Poseidon supports the Greeks against the Trojans during the Trojan War. In the ""Odyssey"", during the sea-voyage from Troy back home to Ithaca, the Greek hero Odysseus provokes Poseidon's fury by blinding his"
"Nicaea (mythology) In Greek mythology, Nicaea or Nikaia was a naiad nymph (""the Astakid nymph"", as referred to by Nonnus) of the springs or fountain of the Greek colony of Nikaia in Bithynia (northwestern Anatolia) or else the goddess of the adjacent lake Askanios (Ascanius). She was the daughter of the river-god Sangarius and Cybele. By the god of wine, Dionysus, she mothered Telete (consecration) She was a devotee of the goddess Artemis. When a shepherd, Hymen, pursued Nicaea, she killed him with an arrow to the heart. This enraged Eros, who inspired Dionysus to fall in love with her."
"was ""trigle"" and later ""trigla"". He goes on to quote a fragment of verse ""O mistress Hecate, Trioditis / With three forms and three faces / Propitiated with mullets"". In relation to Greek concepts of pollution, Parker observes, ""The fish that was most commonly banned was the red mullet (""trigle""), which fits neatly into the pattern. It 'delighted in polluted things,' and 'would eat the corpse of a fish or a man'. Blood-coloured itself, it was sacred to the blood-eating goddess Hecate. It seems a symbolic summation of all the negative characteristics of the creatures of the deep."" At Athens,"
"Salmacis In Greek mythology, Salmacis () was an atypical naiad who rejected the ways of the virginal Greek goddess Artemis in favour of vanity and idleness. Her attempted rape of Hermaphroditus places her as the only nymph rapist in the Greek mythological canon (though see also Dercetis). In Ovid's Metamorphoses, she becomes one with Hermaphroditus, and Hermaphroditus curses the fountain to have the same effect on others. Salmacis fountain is located near the ancient Mausoleum of Halicarnassus, and it is now a tourist attraction located in present-day Bodrum, Turkey. The waters of Salmacis fountain were said to have relaxing properties."
"by pious relatives. Paupers and the friendless gathered for a hundred years on the near shore according to Book VI of Vergil's Aeneid. Greeks offered propitiatory libations to prevent the deceased from returning to the upper world to ""haunt"" those who had not given them a proper burial. The far side of the river was guarded by Cerberus, the three-headed dog defeated by Heracles (Roman Hercules). Passing beyond Cerberus, the shades of the departed entered the land of the dead to be judged. The five rivers of the realm of Hades, and their symbolic meanings, are Acheron (the river of"
"took him to Mount Olympus to teach him to use chariots. Later, Zeus threw Pelops out of Olympus due to his anger at Tantalus. The Greeks of classical times claimed to be horrified by Tantalus's doings; cannibalism and filicide were atrocities and taboo. Tantalus's punishment for his act, now a proverbial term for temptation without satisfaction (the source of the English word ""tantalise""), was to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches. Whenever he reached for the fruit, the branches raised his intended meal from his grasp. Whenever he bent down to get a"
"young men; Zeus then stole him from Eos and employed him as cup-bearer. Yet another figure associated with the water bearer is Cecrops I, a king of Athens who sacrificed water instead of wine to the gods. In the first century, Ptolemy's ""Almagest"" established the common Western depiction of Aquarius. His water jar, an asterism itself, consists of Gamma, Pi, Eta, and Zeta Aquarii; it pours water in a stream of more than 20 stars terminating with Fomalhaut, now assigned solely to Piscis Austrinus. The water bearer's head is represented by 5th magnitude 25 Aquarii while his left shoulder is"
"wrote a novel titled “Circe” (2018) in which she describes the relationship between Glaucus and Circe. Glaucus In Greek mythology, Glaucus (; ""Glaukos ""greyish blue"" or ""bluish green"" and ""glimmering"""") was a Greek prophetic sea-god, born mortal and turned immortal upon eating a magical herb. It was believed that he commonly came to the rescue of sailors and fishermen in storms, having once been one himself. Glaucus' parentage is different in the different traditions, which Athenaeus lists: The story of Glaucus' deification was dealt with in detail by Ovid in ""Metamorphoses"" and briefly referenced by many other authors. According to"
"Methe In Greek mythology, Methe was the spirit and personification of drunkenness. She entered the retinue of Dionysus and was mentioned in association with the god or other companions of his. The ""Anacreontea"" thus describes the mythological connections of Methe: """"Let us be merry and drink wine and sing of Bacchus . . . thanks to him Methe"" (Drunkenness) ""was brought forth,"" ""the Charis"" (Grace) ""was born, Lype"" (Pain) ""takes rest and Ania"" (Trouble) ""goes to sleep."""" Pausanias mentions a painting of Methe drinking wine in the temple of Asclepius at Epidaurus, and another one of her offering wine to"
"that Hephaestus, the god of fire, sat below the volcano Etna, forging the weapons of Zeus. The Greek word used to describe volcanoes was ""etna"", or ""hiera"", after Heracles, the son of Zeus. The Roman poet Virgil, in interpreting the Greek mythos, held that the giant Enceladus was buried beneath Etna by the goddess Athena as punishment for rebellion against the gods; the mountain's rumblings were his tormented cries, the flames his breath and the tremors his railing against the bars of his prison. Enceladus' brother Mimas was buried beneath Vesuvius by Hephaestus, and the blood of other defeated giants"
"Charybdis Charybdis (; Ancient Greek: Χάρυβδις, , ""Kharybdis"") was a sea monster in the Greek Mythology, which was later rationalized as a whirlpool and considered a shipping hazard in the Strait of Messina. The sea monster Charybdis was believed to live under a small rock on one side of a narrow channel. Opposite her was Scylla, another sea monster, that lived inside a much larger rock. The sides of the strait were within an arrow-shot of each other, and sailors attempting to avoid one of them would come in reach of the other. To be ""between Scylla and Charybdis"" therefore"