"been printed every year in the period but that the banknote has been issued more than once in the stated period. Ghanaian cedi The Ghanaian cedi (currency sign: GH₵; currency code: GHS) is the unit of currency of Ghana. It is the fourth historical and only current legal tender in the Republic of Ghana. One cedi is divided into one hundred pesewas (Gp). After it gained independence Ghana separated itself from the British West African pound, which was the currency of the British colonies in the region. The new republic's first independent currency was the Ghanaian pound (1958-1965). In 1965,"
"the Sahrawi refugee camps and the SADR-controlled part of Western Sahara. As it is not an official currency and not circulating, the exchange rate is not really realistic. Despite this, the Sahrawi peseta was pegged at par to the Spanish peseta and, when the latter was phased out for the euro, the rate became €1 for 166.386 Pts. Non-commemorative coins are supposedly designated for circulation. They are made from cupronickel. The denominations are: 1, 2, 5, 50, 100, 200 and 500 pesetas. There have also been commemorative issues in copper, silver and gold, as some of those shown here: Sahrawi"
"is a common species in the Indian Ocean. The porcelain-like shells came to West Africa, beginning in the 14th century, through trade with Arab merchants. The shells became an important currency in the slave trade. The first modern coins exclusively used at the Gold Coast was produced in 1796 but cowries was used alongside coins and gold dust as currency until 1901. The first cedi was introduced in 1965, replacing the pound at a rate of 2.4 cedi = 1 pound, or 1 pesewa = 1 penny. The first cedi was pegged to the British pound at a rate of"
"Sahrawi peseta The Sahrawi peseta (, ) is the currency of the partially recognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. It is divided in 100 céntimos, although coins with this denomination have never been minted, nor have banknotes been printed. The official international currency code is EHP. The first Sahrawi pesetas were minted in 1990, but they were not adopted as the national coin of Western Sahara until 1997. As this territory is mostly controlled by Morocco, the circulating currency in that part of the country is the Moroccan dirham, with Algerian dinars and Mauritanian ouguiyas circulating alongside the Sahrawi peseta in"
"is one-hundredth of the following basic monetary units: Céntimo The céntimo (in Spanish-speaking countries) or cêntimo (in Portuguese-speaking countries) was a currency unit of Spain, Portugal and their former colonies. The word derived from the Latin meaning ""hundredth part"". The main Spanish currency, before the euro, was the peseta which was divided into 100 céntimos. In Portugal it was the real and later the escudo, until it was also replaced by the euro. In the European community ""cent"" is the official name for one hundredth of a euro. However, both ""céntimo"" (in Spanish) and ""cêntimo"" (in Portuguese) are commonly used"
"2.4 cedis = 1 pound. The first cedi was replaced in 1967 by a ""new cedi"" which was worth 1.2 first cedis. This allowed a decimal conversion with the pound, namely 2 second cedis = 1 pound. The change also provided an opportunity to remove Kwame Nkrumah's image from coins and notes. The second cedi was initially pegged to the British pound at a rate of 2 cedi = 1 pound. However, within months, the second cedi was devalued to a rate of 2.45 second cedi = 1 pound, less than the value of the first cedi. This rate was"
"Céntimo The céntimo (in Spanish-speaking countries) or cêntimo (in Portuguese-speaking countries) was a currency unit of Spain, Portugal and their former colonies. The word derived from the Latin meaning ""hundredth part"". The main Spanish currency, before the euro, was the peseta which was divided into 100 céntimos. In Portugal it was the real and later the escudo, until it was also replaced by the euro. In the European community ""cent"" is the official name for one hundredth of a euro. However, both ""céntimo"" (in Spanish) and ""cêntimo"" (in Portuguese) are commonly used to describe the euro cent. Céntimo or cêntimo"
"to mean 1000 escudos and is now used to mean five euros, almost exactly the converted value of 1000 escudos or one million réis (1 conto is approximately €4.98798). Coins and banknotes were also issued denominated in réis for use in the different parts of the Portuguese empire. See: Angolan real, Azorean real, Brazilian real, Cape Verde real, Mozambican real, Portuguese Guinea real and São Tomé and Príncipe real. Brazil has revived the real as the denomination of its present currency. Before the middle of the 19th century, many different denominations were minted, often with values in terms of the"
"of 100 ""centavos"" to the peso was first used in 1819 on early banknotes but did not reappear until the early 1860s on banknotes and was not used on the coinage until 1872. In 1871, Colombia went on the gold standard, pegging the peso to the French franc at a rate of 1 peso = 5 francs. This peg only lasted until 1886. From 1888, printing press inflation caused Colombia's paper money (pegged to the British pound at a rate of 5 pesos = 1 pound) to depreciate and the exchange rate between coins and paper money was fixed at"
"the Ghanaian cedi, . Nonetheless, the commonly available cent symbol '¢' is frequently used locally to designate the colón in price markings and advertisements. The colón was introduced in 1896, replacing the Costa Rican peso at par. The colón is divided into 100 centimos, although, between 1917 and 1919, coins were issued using the name centavo for the 1/100 subunit of the colón. Because the colón replaced the peso at par, there was no immediate need for new coins in 1896. In 1897, gold 2, 5, 10 and 20 colones were issued, followed by silver 50 centimos, and followed by"
"Cape Verdean escudo The escudo (sign: ; ISO 4217: CVE) is the currency of the Republic of Cape Verde. Amounts are generally written by using the ""cifrão"" as the decimal separator, such as for 20 escudos, or for 1000. The escudo became the currency of Cape Verde in 1914. It replaced the Cape Verdean real at a rate of 1000 réis = 1 escudo. Until 1930, Cape Verde used Portuguese coins, although banknotes were issued by the Banco Nacional Ultramarino specifically for Cape Verde beginning in 1865. Until independence in 1975, the Cape Verde escudo was equal to the Portuguese"
"into 100 ""centavos"", although there are no current centavo-denominated coins. The exchange rate was around CLP$600 to 1 United States dollar at the end of 2014 and as of 1 April 2018. The first Chilean peso was introduced in 1817, at a value of 8 Spanish colonial reales. Until 1851, the peso was subdivided into 8 reales, with the ""escudo"" worth 2 pesos. In 1835, copper coins denominated in ""centavos"" were introduced, but it was not until 1851 that the real and escudo denominations ceased to be issued and further issues in centavos and ""décimos"" (worth 10 centavos) commenced. Also"
"of the cedi against foreign currencies. Inflation continued (see exchange rate chart) until by July 2007, the cedi was worth about 9500 to one US dollar, and a transition to the third cedi was initiated. In 1979 a currency confiscation took place. New banknotes were issued which were exchanged for old at a rate of 10 old for 7 new. Coins and bank accounts were unaffected. A second confiscation took place in 1982, when the ₵50 note (the highest denomination) was demonetized. Ghanaians, in theory, could exchange any number of ₵50 notes for coins or other banknotes without loss, but"
"due to the introduction of the euro and inflation, most products cost a multiple of €0.60 or €1. Most of these shops maintain their name in pesetas, and most of them have been renamed as ""Casi todo a 100"" (""almost everything for 100 [pesetas]""), ""Todo a 100, 300, 500 y más"" (""everything for 100, 300, 500 or more"") or ""Todo a un euro"". Colloquially, the expression ""todo a 100"" implies that something is either cheap, kitsch or low quality. In Portugal, there were ""Trezentos"" shops (300 escudos, €1.50), but with the introduction of the Euro currency, this designation is not"
"peseta at a rate of 1 peseta = 10 francs. In 1960, the dirham was introduced. It was subdivided into 100 francs. The franc was replaced as the subdivision of the dirham by the centime in 1974. In 1921, coins were introduced under the reign of Yusuf, in denominations of 25 and 50 centimes and 1 franc. The 25 centimes is a holed, cupro-nickel coin, and comes with three Privy mark varieties: no privy mark, minted in 1921 at Paris, thunderbolt privy mark minted in 1924 at Poissy, and thunderbolt and torch privy marks minted in 1924 at Poissy. The"
"Dominican peso The Dominican peso is the currency of the Dominican Republic (). Its symbol is ""$"", with ""RD$"" used when distinction from other pesos (or dollars) is required; its ISO 4217 code is ""DOP"". Each peso is divided into 100 ""centavos"" (""cents""), for which the ¢ symbol is used. It is the only currency that is legal tender in the Dominican Republic for all monetary transactions, whether public or private. The first Dominican peso was introduced with the country's independence from Haiti in 1844. It replaced the Haitian gourde at par and was divided into 8 ""reales"". The Dominican"
"Portuguese escudo The Portuguese escudo is the currency of Portugal prior to the introduction of the euro on 1 January 1999 and its removal from circulation on 28 February 2002. The escudo was subdivided into 100 ""centavos"". The word ""escudo"" means ""shield"". Amounts in escudos were written as ""escudos"" $ ""centavos"" with the ""cifrão"" as the decimal separator (e.g. ""25$00"" means $25.00, ""100$50"" means $100.50). Because of the conversion rate of 1000 réis = $1, three decimal places were initially used ($1 = 1$000). Escudo gold coinage was initially introduced in 1722 with denominations including escudo, 2, 4, and 8"
"Portuguese Guinean escudo The escudo was the currency of Portuguese Guinea between 1914 and 1975. It was equal to the Portuguese escudo and replaced the real at a rate of 1000 réis = 1 escudo. The escudo was subdivided into 100 ""centavos"". Portugal issued banknotes (starting in 1914) and coins (starting in 1933) for use in Portuguese Guinea. Following independence, the peso replaced the escudo at par. In 1933, coins were introduced in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 centavos and 1 escudo. Coins of 2½, 10 and 20 escudos were added in 1952, with 5 escudos coins introduced"
"currency for each note of a foreign government held, as Ecuador currently does. Each currency typically has a main currency unit (the dollar, for example, or the euro) and a fractional unit, often defined as of the main unit: 100 cents = 1 dollar, 100 centimes = 1 franc, 100 pence = 1 pound, although units of or occasionally also occur. Some currencies do not have any smaller units at all, such as the Icelandic króna. Mauritania and Madagascar are the only remaining countries that do not use the decimal system; instead, the Mauritanian ouguiya is in theory divided into"
"government later in 1890. In 1904 the German government took over currency matters and established the Ostafrikanische Bank. The Rupie was initially equivalent to the Indian rupee. Until 1904, it was subdivided into 64 ""Pesa"" (equivalent to the Indian ""pice"" or ""paisa""). The currency was decimalized on 28 February 1904, with 1 Rupie = 100 ""Heller"". At the same time, a fixed exchange rate of 15 Rupien = 20 German Mark was established. In 1915 and 1916 in the period of fighting in East Africa during World War I a large series of emergency issues of paper money were issued."
"Coins of the South African rand The coins of the South African rand are part of the physical form of South Africa's currency, the South African rand. In 1961, South Africa replaced the pound with a decimal currency: 100 cents (100c) = 1 rand (R1), 1 rand being valued at 10 shillings and 1 cent at 1.2 pence. The rand was introduced in the then Union of South Africa on 14 February 1961, shortly before the establishment of the Republic on 31 May 1961. The coins bore the forward-facing portrait of Jan van Riebeeck on the obverse. The initial circulation"
"East Timor centavo coins East Timor centavo coins were introduced in East Timor in 2003 for use alongside United States dollar banknotes and coins, which had been introduced in 2000 to replace the Indonesian rupiah following the commencement of U.N. administration. One centavo is equal to one US cent. Coins issued for general circulation are in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 centavos and feature images of local plants and animals. East Timor does not yet issue its own banknotes. The coins are minted in Lisbon by the Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, the Portuguese national mint. Unlike coins"
"Mozambican escudo The escudo was the currency of Mozambique from 1914 until 1980. It was subdivided into 100 ""centavos"". The escudo replaced the real at a rate of 1 escudo = 1000 réis. It was equal in value to the Portuguese escudo until 1977. Initially, Mozambique had its own paper money but used Portuguese coins. Only in 1935 were coins issued specifically for use in Mozambique. In 1975, the metica was proposed as a replacement for the escudo, but it was not used. The escudo was replaced by the metical in 1980 at par. Between 1935 and 1936, coins for"
"of Portugal in the Eurozone, the conversion rate to the euro was set at 200$482 to €1. The escudo was used in the Portuguese mainland, the Azores and Madeira, with no distinction of coins or banknotes. In Portugal's African colonies, the escudo was generally used up to independence, with Portuguese and sometime local coins circulating alongside banknotes of the Banco Nacional Ultramarino, rather than those of the Bank of Portugal used on the mainland. For more details, see the escudos of Angola, Cape Verde, Mozambique, Portuguese Guinea and São Tomé and Príncipe. Only Cape Verde continues to use the escudo."
"90 kilometres (55.92 miles) from Europe, is attached to the municipality of Almería on the Iberian Peninsula. The ""plazas de soberanía"" are small islands and peninsulas off the coast of Morocco (the only peninsula, Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera, was an island until a 1934 storm formed a sand bridge with the mainland). They are guarded by military garrisons and administered directly by the Spanish central government. Like Ceuta and Melilla, they are a part of Spain, therefore also part of the European Union, and their currency is the euro. Morocco claims sovereignty over the Spanish North African territories,"
"presented in a vertical format. Eastern Caribbean dollar The Eastern Caribbean dollar (symbol: $; code: XCD) is the currency of all seven full members and one associate member of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The successor to the British West Indies dollar, it has existed since 1965, and it is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign ""$"" or, alternatively, ""EC$"" to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. The EC$ is subdivided into 100 cents. It has been pegged to the United States dollar since 7 July 1976, and the exchange rate is US$1 = EC$2.70. Six of the"
"at a rate of 1 peso for 1,000 escudos. This peso was subdivided into 100 centavos until 1984. In 1975, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, and 50 centavos and 1 peso. The 1-, 5-, and 10-centavo coins were very similar to the 10-, 50-, and 100-escudo coins they replaced. Since 1983, inflation has left the centavo coins obsolete. Five- and 10-peso coins were introduced in 1976, followed by 50- and 100-peso coins in 1981 and by a 500-peso coin in 2000. Coins currently in circulation are in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500"
"escudo. Subsequently it depreciated, declining by about 30 per cent in 1977-8 and by a further 40 per cent in 1982–84. Thereafter, it remained fairly stable against the Portuguese escudo. In mid-1998 an agreement with Portugal established a pegged rate of 1 Portuguese escudo = 0.55 Cape Verdean escudo. Since the replacement of the Portuguese escudo with the euro, the Cape Verdean escudo has been pegged to the euro at a rate of 1 EUR = 110.265 CVE. This peg is supported by a credit facility from the Portuguese government. Under Portuguese rule, coins were introduced in 1930 in denominations"
"equivalent to 1 cedi = 0.98 U.S. dollars and the rate to the dollar was maintained when the British pound was devalued in November 1967. Further pegs were set of $0.55 in 1971, $0.78 in 1972, and $0.8696 in 1973 before the currency was floated in 1978. High inflation ensued, and so the cedi was re-pegged at ₵2.80 = $1.00. Inflation continued to eat away at the cedi's value on the black market. In the early 1980s, the government started cracking down hard on the retail of products at prices other than the official established sale price (price controls). This"
"the French language of Belgium recommended in 2001 the use of ""centime"", since ""cent"" is also the French word for ""hundred"". An analogous decision was published in the ""Journal officiel"" in France (2 December 1997). In Morocco, dirhams are divided into 100 ""centime""s and one may find prices in the country quoted in ""centime""s rather than in dirhams. Sometimes ""centime""s are known as francs or in former Spanish areas, pesetas. A centime is one-hundredth of the following basic monetary units: Centime Centime (from ) is French for ""cent"", and is used in English as the name of the fraction currency"
"São Tomé and Príncipe escudo The escudo was the currency of São Tomé and Príncipe between 1914 and 1977. It was equivalent to the Portuguese escudo and subdivided into 100 centavos. The escudo replaced the real at a rate of 1000 réis = 1 escudo. Initially, only banknotes were issued in the name of São Tomé and Príncipe and the colony used Portuguese coins. Only in 1929 were coins also issued for the colony. The escudo was replaced at par by the dobra following independence. In 1929, nickel-bronze 10, 20 and 50 centavos coins were introduced. These were followed in"
"Swaziland, Namibia, and South Africa also form a common currency and exchange control area known as the Rand Monetary Area that uses the South African rand as the common currency. In 1980, Lesotho introduced its own currency, the loti (plural: maloti). One hundred lisente equal one loti. The Loti is at par with the rand. Until the political insecurity in September 1998, Lesotho's economy had grown steadily since 1992. The riots, however, destroyed nearly 80% of commercial infrastructure in Maseru and two other major towns in the country, having a disastrous effect on the country's economy. Nonetheless, the country has"
"has a code point U+00A2 in Unicode (or 162 in decimal), or with the cedi sign ₵, which has a code point U+20B5 in Unicode (or 8373 in decimal). Nonetheless, the commonly available cent symbol '¢' is frequently used locally to designate the colón in price markings and advertisements. On October 1, 1892, the government of President Carlos Ezeta, decided that the Salvadoran peso be called 'Colon', in homage to the ""discoverer"" of America. The colón replaced the peso at par in 1919. It was initially pegged to the U.S. dollar at a rate of 2 colones = 1 dollar."