"Heaven’s doorsill.” Moldovan leu The leu (sign: L; ISO 4217 code: MDL) is the currency of Moldova. Like the Romanian leu, the Moldovan leu (plural: lei) is subdivided into 100 bani (singular: ban). The name of the currency originates from a Romanian word which means ""lion"". Between 1918 and 1940 and again between 1941 and 1944, when Moldova was part of Romania, the Romanian leu was used in what was then the eastern part of the broader Romanian region of Moldavia (""Moldova"" in Romanian). The Moldovan leu was established on 29 November 1993, following the collapse of the Soviet Union"
"One leu The current one leu banknote is the smallest circulating denomination of the Romanian leu. It is the same size as the 5 Euro banknote. The main color of the current banknote is green. It pictures, on the obverse Prime-minister and historian Nicolae Iorga, and on the reverse the Curtea de Argeş Cathedral, which suffered a massive restoration under his Government, and a crossed eagle, the Wallachian traditional heraldic element. In the past, the denomination was also in the coin form, as follows: First leu (1867-1947) Second leu (1947-1952) Third leu - ROL(1952-2005) Fourth leu - RON (since 2005)"
"""leu"" (""lion"") and following a denomination in 2005, it has been valued at €0.2–0.3. After joining the EU in 2007, Romania is expected to adopt the Euro sometime around 2020. On the 1 July 2015, Romania's external debt was reported to be situated at the sum of €90.59 billion. According to the ""INSSE"", Romania's total road network was estimated in 2015 at . The World Bank estimates the railway network at of track, the fourth-largest railroad network in Europe. Rail transport experienced a dramatic decline after 1989, and was estimated at 99 million passenger journeys in 2004; but has experienced"
"Bank of Romania website Fifty lei The fifty-lei banknote is one of the circulating denomination of the Romanian leu. It is the same size as the 50 Euro banknote. The main color of the banknote is yellow. It pictures, on the obverse, pilot and engineer Aurel Vlaicu, and on the reverse the ""A Vlaicu Nr. II airplane"" design, the head of an eagle, and the sketch of the Gnome motor of his airplane. In the past, the denomination was also in the coin form, as follows: First leu (1867-1947) Second leu (1947-1952) Third leu - ROL (1952-2005) Fourth leu -"
"of Romania website Five lei The five lei banknote is one of the circulating denomination of the Romanian leu. It is the same size as the 10 Euro banknote. The main color of the banknote is purple. It pictures, on the obverse composer and violinist George Enescu, and on the reverse the Romanian Athenaeum, headquarters of the George Enescu Philharmonic Orchestra, a piano, and a line from his opera, Œdipe . In the past, the denomination was also in the coin form, as follows: First leu (1867-1947) Second leu (1947-1952) Third leu - ROL (1952-2005) Fourth leu - RON (since"
"Fifty lei The fifty-lei banknote is one of the circulating denomination of the Romanian leu. It is the same size as the 50 Euro banknote. The main color of the banknote is yellow. It pictures, on the obverse, pilot and engineer Aurel Vlaicu, and on the reverse the ""A Vlaicu Nr. II airplane"" design, the head of an eagle, and the sketch of the Gnome motor of his airplane. In the past, the denomination was also in the coin form, as follows: First leu (1867-1947) Second leu (1947-1952) Third leu - ROL (1952-2005) Fourth leu - RON (since 2005) National"
"adopting the currency on that date. In 2013 Latvia gained the support of the European Commission, Central Bank and Parliament for accession on 1 January 2014 with Latvia adopting the currency on that date. On 23 July 2014 Lithuania became the last Baltic state to gain permission to join the euro, which was adopted on 1 January 2015. The chart below provides a full summary of all applying exchange-rate regimes for EU members, since the European Monetary System with its Exchange Rate Mechanism and the related new common currency ECU was born on 13 March 1979. The euro replaced the"
"Reserve System."" Lithuania and the euro Lithuania is an EU member state which joined the Eurozone by adopting the euro on 1 January 2015. This made it the last of the three Baltic states to adopt the euro, after Estonia (2011) and Latvia (2014). Before then, its currency, the litas, was pegged to the euro at 3.4528 litas to 1 euro. All members of the European Union, except Denmark and the UK, are required by treaty to join the euro once certain economic criteria have been met. The Lithuanian litas participated in ERM II since 28 June 2004, and was"
"members of the Eurozone include Austria, Germany, Luxembourg, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland use their currencies (Croatian kuna, Czech koruna, Hungarian forint, Polish złoty), but are obliged to adopt the Euro. Switzerland uses its own currency, Swiss franc. Countries in descending order of Human Development Index (2014 data): The index of globalization in Central European countries (2015 data): Legatum Prosperity Index demonstrates an average and high level of prosperity in Central Europe (2016 data): Most countries in Central Europe score tend to score above the average in the Corruption Perceptions Index (2015 data): According to"
"Lithuania and the euro Lithuania is an EU member state which joined the Eurozone by adopting the euro on 1 January 2015. This made it the last of the three Baltic states to adopt the euro, after Estonia (2011) and Latvia (2014). Before then, its currency, the litas, was pegged to the euro at 3.4528 litas to 1 euro. All members of the European Union, except Denmark and the UK, are required by treaty to join the euro once certain economic criteria have been met. The Lithuanian litas participated in ERM II since 28 June 2004, and was pegged to"
"equal to 5 grams of 83.5% silver or 0.29032 grams of gold. The first leu coin was minted in Romania in 1870. Before 1878 the silver Russian ruble was valued so highly as to drive the native coins out of circulation. Consequently, in 1889, Romania unilaterally joined the Latin Monetary Union and adopted a gold standard. Silver coins were legal tender only up to 50 lei. All taxes and customs dues were to be paid in gold and, owing to the small quantities issued from the Romanian mint, foreign gold coins were current, especially French 20-franc pieces (equal at par"
"austerity while France and the United States were relatively strong creditors – gained attention in summer 2012 even as Germany received a debt-rating warning of its own. In the enduring of this scenario the Euro serves as a mean of quantitative primitive accumulation. The euro is the sole currency of 19 EU member states: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. These countries constitute the ""eurozone"", some 343 million people in total . With all but two of the remaining EU members obliged to join, together"
"also in the coin form, as follows: First leu (1867-1947) Second leu (1947-1952) Third leu - ROL (1952-2005) Fourth leu - RON (since 2005) National Bank of Romania website One hundred lei The one hundred lei banknote is one of the circulating denomination of the Romanian leu. It is the same size as the 100 Euro banknote. The main color of the banknote is blue. It pictures, on the obverse the playwright, short story writer, poet, theater manager, political commentator and journalist Ion Luca Caragiale, and on the reverse the old building of the Bucharest National Theatre, and the statue"
"leu coins were minted in 1924, and the specifications changed. The diameter was reduced to 21mm, and the composition to 75% copper and 25% nickel, which reduced the mass to 3.5g. The obverse bore the coat of arms with the country name above and year below, with three stars to each side. The reverse had a wreath of wheat at the bottom, with the denomination as ""BUN PENTRU"" (good for) 1 leu. One million coins were minted in Brussels and 1,007,255 in Poissy, France. The Brussels coins had no distinguishing mark but the coins from Poissy bore a lightning mark"
"December 31, 2005), but all accounts have been converted starting July 1, 2005. There is no conversion time limit between the currencies. Retailers had to display prices in both old and new currency from March 1, 2005 until June 30, 2006. The appreciation of the leu during 2005 was about 20% against a basket of major currencies. As of 2006, the revaluation was a potential source of confusion, especially to visitors, since both old and new currency values were commonly quoted. When written, the very large amounts in old currency are usually obvious, but in speaking inhabitants might refer to"
"and gave their name to the currencies of Romania and Moldova, the ""leu"", and of Bulgaria, the ""leva"", which literally translates to ""lion"". In the Netherlands, the name ""rijksdaalder"" lived on until the ""gulden"" was replaced by the euro in 2002. But in the Caribbean the coin still exists today. On Curaçao and Sint Maarten, the Netherlands Antillean guilder will be replaced by the newly created Caribbean guilder no earlier than 2013. The new currency will not keep the ""rijksdaalder"". The thaler was introduced and became the most widespread currency in Scandinavia under the name daler during the early 17th"
"Five lei The five lei banknote is one of the circulating denomination of the Romanian leu. It is the same size as the 10 Euro banknote. The main color of the banknote is purple. It pictures, on the obverse composer and violinist George Enescu, and on the reverse the Romanian Athenaeum, headquarters of the George Enescu Philharmonic Orchestra, a piano, and a line from his opera, Œdipe . In the past, the denomination was also in the coin form, as follows: First leu (1867-1947) Second leu (1947-1952) Third leu - ROL (1952-2005) Fourth leu - RON (since 2005) National Bank"
"Polish złoty, the Czech koruna, and the Hungarian forint), the two countries which joined on 1 January 2007 (the Bulgarian lev, and the Romanian leu) as well Croatia, which joined the EU on 1 July 2013 (the Croatian kuna), are required to join in accordance with the terms of the applicable treaties of accession. Sweden has voted in a referendum to stay out of the mechanism, despite being expected to join by the ECB, since Sweden has no opt-out like Denmark or the UK. EU members are required to join the ERM by the Maastricht convergence criteria. Bulgaria sent a"
"as its currency since 1 January 2014, replacing the Latvian lats. The name ""Latvija"" is derived from the name of the ancient Latgalians, one of four Indo-European Baltic tribes (along with Couronians, Selonians and Semigallians), which formed the ethnic core of modern Latvians together with the Finnic Livonians. Henry of Latvia coined the latinisations of the country's name, ""Lettigallia"" and ""Lethia"", both derived from the Latgalians. The terms inspired the variations on the country's name in Romance languages from ""Letonia"" and in several Germanic languages from ""Lettland"". Around 3000 BC, the proto-Baltic ancestors of the Latvian people settled on the"
"a liberal economy and its re-orientation toward Western Europe, Latvia is one of the fastest growing economies in the European Union. In 2014, Riga was the European Capital of Culture, the euro was introduced as the currency of the country and a Latvian was named vice-president of the European Commission. In 2015 Latvia held the presidency of Council of the European Union. Big European events have been celebrated in Riga such as the Eurovision Song Contest 2003 and the European Film Awards 2014. On 1 July 2016, Latvia became a member of the OECD. Latvia lies in Northern Europe, on"
"137 ranked countries). Lithuania joined NATO in 2004, EU in 2004, Schengen in 2007 and OECD in 2018. On 1 January 2015, euro became the national currency replacing litas at the rate of EUR 1.00 = LTL 3.45280. Agricultural products and food made 18.3%, chemical products and plastics – 17.8%, machinery and appliances – 15.8%, mineral products – 14.7%, wood and furniture – 12.5% of exports. Lithuanian GDP experienced very high real growth rates for decade up to 2009, peaking at 11.1% in 2007. As a result, the country was often termed as a Baltic Tiger. However, in 2009 due"
"a member of the World Trade Organization (1999) and the European Union (2004). On 1 January 2014, the Euro became the country's currency, superseding the Lats. According to statistics in late 2013, 45% of the population supported the introduction of the euro, while 52% opposed it. Following the introduction of the Euro, Eurobarometer surveys in January 2014 showed support for the Euro to be around 53%, close to the European average. Since the year 2000, Latvia has had one of the highest (GDP) growth rates in Europe. However, the chiefly consumption-driven growth in Latvia resulted in the collapse of Latvian"
"Lithuanian litas The Lithuanian litas (ISO currency code LTL, symbolized as Lt; plural ""litai"" (nominative) or ""litų"" (genitive)) was the currency of Lithuania, until 1 January 2015, when it was replaced by the euro. It was divided into 100 centų (genitive case; singular ""centas"", nominative plural ""centai""). The litas was first introduced on 2 October 1922 after World War I, when Lithuania declared independence and was reintroduced on 25 June 1993, following a period of currency exchange from the ruble to the litas with the temporary talonas then in place. The name was modeled after the name of the country"
"(574 euro) (December, 2017). The national currency is the lev (plural leva), pegged to the euro at a rate of 1.95583 leva for 1 euro. The lev is the strongest and most stable currency in Eastern Europe. The strongest sectors in the economy are energy, mining, metallurgy, machine building, agriculture and tourism. Primary industrial exports are clothing, iron and steel, machinery and refined fuels. The trading partners with largest contribution to the import/export are Germany, Italy, Romania, Turkey, Greece, Russia, France, Spain, Poland, Netherlands, China, Hungary and Belgium. Sofia is the capital and economic heart of Bulgaria and home to"
"for ""Europe"". In Leonese, a language spoken in the Spanish provinces of León and Zamora, the word for ""euro"" is ""euru"", the plural being ""euros"". In Lithuanian the euro and cent are called ""euras"" () and ""centas"" () (in common language usually ""eurocentas"", to distinguish from the cents of the former Lithuanian currency, ""litas""), while plural forms are ""eurai"" and ""centai"" (""eurocentai""). The Lithuanian language routinely adapts foreign words by re-spelling them according to Lithuanian phonetic rules and adding standardised endings, resulting in words like ""kompiuteris"" or ""Tonis Bleiras"". In Luxembourgish the Euro is officially called ""Euro"" (pronounced ""oi-ro""), both"
"2011, polls showed narrow opposition to the currency. On 23 July 2014, the Council of the European Union adopted a decision allowing Lithuania to adopt the euro as its currency on 1 January 2015. Litas and euro were both legal tender in Lithuania until 16 January 2015. Lithuanian litas The Lithuanian litas (ISO currency code LTL, symbolized as Lt; plural ""litai"" (nominative) or ""litų"" (genitive)) was the currency of Lithuania, until 1 January 2015, when it was replaced by the euro. It was divided into 100 centų (genitive case; singular ""centas"", nominative plural ""centai""). The litas was first introduced on"
"reaching rates as high as 300% per year in 1993. By September 2003, one euro was exchanged for more than 40,000 lei, this being its peak value. Following a number of successful monetary policies in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the situation became gradually more stable, with one-digit inflation in 2005. The Romanian leu was briefly the world's least valued currency unit, from January (when the Turkish lira dropped six zeros) to July 2005. However, the 1,000,000-lei banknote was not the highest Romanian denomination ever; a 5,000,000-lei note had been issued in 1947. On 1 July 2005, the leu"
"the euro at a rate of 3.45280 litai = €1. Lithuania originally set 1 January 2007 as their target date for joining the euro, and in March 2006 requested that the European Commission and the European Central Bank conduct an assessment on their readiness to adopt the currency. The Commission's report found that while Lithuania met four of the five criteria, their average annual inflation was 2.7%, exceeding the limit of 2.6%. As a result, the Commission concluded that ""there should be no change at present to Lithuania's status as a Member State with a derogation."" Lithuania is the only"
"the Roman solidus, were the equivalent coins in France, while the (nuevo) sol (PEN) remains the currency of Peru. As in France, the Peruvian sol was originally named after the Roman solidus, but the name of the Peruvian currency is now much more closely linked to the Spanish word for the sun (""sol""). This helps explain the name of its temporary replacement, the inti, named for the Incan sun god. Shilling The shilling is a unit of currency formerly used in Austria, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, United States, and other British Commonwealth countries. Currently the shilling is used"
"II on 28 June 2004; the Cypriot pound, the Latvian lats and the Maltese lira on 2 May 2005; the Slovak koruna on 28 November 2005. These states have all since joined the eurozone, and hence left ERM II: Slovenia (1 January 2007), Cyprus (1 January 2008), Malta (1 January 2008), Slovakia (1 January 2009), Estonia (1 January 2011), Latvia (1 January 2014), and Lithuania (1 January 2015). As of 2016, only the Danish krone participates in ERM II. The currencies of Sweden (the Swedish krona), the three largest countries which joined the European Union on 1 May 2004 (the"
"common currency. In the majority of European countries surveyed in 2015 by Gallup International most respondents ""oppose the Euro."" In the two ""key Eurozone members"" Germany and France, as well as in Spain, majorities in favour of retaining the Euro as common currency are present. Among Eurozone members the strongest anti-Euro sentiments were registered in Italy and Greece. In 2015, the Greek parliament approved the government's proposal for a referendum that would ostensibly decide, through a decision between ""Yes"" or ""No,"" the way forward in the ongoing negotiations of Greece with the creditors' institutions. Despite the claims by analysts abroad"
"Lūsis and Jānis Strupulis. All banknotes are 130 × 65 mm in size. They were printed by Giesecke & Devrient GmbH in Germany and were designed by Imants Žodžiks and Valdis Ošiņš. The lats was the fourth-highest-valued currency unit after the Kuwaiti dinar, Bahraini dinar, and the Omani rial at the end of its circulation. The 500 latu note was the world's third most valuable banknote after the $10,000 Singapore note and the 1,000 Swiss franc note. Latvian lats The lats (plural: ""lati"" (2–9) ""latu"" (10 and more)), ISO 4217 currency code: LVL or 428) was the currency of Latvia"
"to the adoption of a national currency, the Romanian leu. This step signaled Romania's unilateral emancipation from the Ottoman Empire, her nominal overlord, but was received with alarm by leftists such as Hasdeu—while ""Térra"" called it ""grand"" news, Hasdeu's pamphlet regarded the leu as the newest symbol of Carlist usurpation. Meanwhile, the Western world was becoming outraged about discrimination and antisemitism in Romania. The nationality law was strongly supported by the liberal left, and, trying to appease the foreign governments, ""Domnitor"" Carol ceased all collaboration with the ""Reds"". In April 1870, the 33-year-old ""Junimist"" joined the Epureanu conservative cabinet (or"