"systems use gray insulation, although this particular color code is not currently an explicit requirement of the NEC. The United Kingdom requires the use of wire covered with green/yellow striped insulation, for safety earthing (grounding) connections. This growing international standard was adopted for its distinctive appearance, to reduce the likelihood of dangerous confusion of safety earthing (grounding) wires with other electrical functions, especially by persons affected by red-green colour blindness. In the UK, phases could be identified as being live by using coloured indicator lights: red, yellow and blue. The new cable colours of brown, black and grey do not"
"by use of a red wire. The new standard colour code does not use red. Where new wiring is mixed with old, cables must be clearly marked to prevent interchange of phase and neutral. Variation in the earth/ground conductor's colour means its colour should ""not"" be used as the decision of the old vs new standard cable or colour assignment. Cables of American origin have a white neutral lead and a black lead. This can occur on IEC mains leads and dual 220/110 V imported equipment. On telecommunications nominal 48 V DC supplies, the live is usually −42 V (flat"
"blue). Light blue is the color used to identify intrinsically safe conductors, and must not be used for any other type of conductor. The preferred colours for AC phase conductors are: For a single AC phase: brown The colour combination green/yellow is always and exclusively used to identify the protective conductor. On any 15 mm length of the conductor, one of these two colours should cover between 30% and 70% of the area and the other the remaining area. Insulated PEN conductors (combined protective earth + neutral in TN–C systems) should be marked: The cable must have a cross section"
"As of March 2011, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) requires the use of green/yellow colour cables as protective conductors, blue as neutral conductors and brown as single-phase conductors. The United States National Electrical Code requires a bare copper, or green or green/yellow insulated protective conductor, a white or grey neutral, with any other color used for single phase. The NEC also requires the ""high leg"" conductor of a High-leg delta or ""bastard-leg"" system to have orange insulation. The introduction of the NEC clearly states that it is not intended to be a design manual, and therefore, creating a"
"They are also sometimes used in situations where their special capabilities (such as high current rating or three-phase facilities) are not needed, to discourage potential users from connecting domestic appliances to the sockets, as 'normal' domestic plugs will not fit. The cable connectors and sockets are keyed and colour-coded, according to the voltage range and frequency used; common colours for 50–60 Hz AC power are yellow for 100–130 volts, blue for 200–250 volts, and red for 380–480 volts. The blue fittings are often used for providing weather-proofed exterior sockets for outdoor apparatus. In camping situations, the large 32 A blue"
"series D.C. motors) and it was considered more important to identify the live wire than the polarity. In later years of D.C. supplies, however, much more equipment became sensitive to polarity, such as many domestic radios & television sets. Where all three wires were available, the historical colour code was red (positive), black (middle) and white (negative). The negative line changed to yellow in 1964, and then to blue in 1966. The colour of the overall sheath is currently grey, or white for low halogen material. Previously cables from different manufacturers were available variously in grey or white, with no"
"is likewise red. 277/480-volt cable is identical to 120/240, except that neutral is grey and hot is yellow (plus an optional orange, used as the red is). The higher voltage, used only in large non-residential buildings, allows more than twice as much electrical power (in watts) to be drawn through the same gauge of wire. UF-B cable is “underground feeder” cable, which regardless of wire gauge has a solid waterproof grey sheath completely surrounding and filling the space between the conductors, which still have their individual colors. Other types of armored or metallic cable (types AC and MC) have an"
"batteries) to almost −57 V (float charge). The IEC currently specifies a colour-coding for new local DC distribution. These are: There is a long history of colour changes; prior to 1964 white was used instead of yellow as the second phase, and before World War II, a black earth and a green third phase in place of green earth and white phase was permitted. The regulations actually permitted (and still do) the use of any wire colour that is not an earth colour, providing it is unambiguously identified at all connections by clear labelling or by correctly coloured over-sleeving. It"
"volt) 3 phase supply systems which had been developed by Siemens and AEG in Germany. Residential installations followed a mixture of British (BS) and German (DVE) & (DIN) standards. Siemens standard diazed and the more modern neozed fuses remain the standard type of fuse used in domestic and industrial installations and modern circuit breakers comply with German DIN standards. British core colours Live (Red), Black (Neutral) and Green (Earth/Ground) were used. These were later updated to Live (Brown), Neutral (Blue) and Earth/Ground (Green & Yellow) as per CENELEC and European standards. Three phase core colours also comply with EU standards:"
"on equipment was once usually red for live, black for neutral, and green for earth, but this was changed as it was a hazard for color-blind people, who might confuse red and green; different countries use different conventions. Red and black are frequently used for positive and negative of battery or other single-voltage DC wiring. Thermocouple wires and extension cables are identified by color code for the type of thermocouple; interchanging thermocouples with unsuitable extension wires destroys the accuracy of the measurement. Automotive wiring is color-coded but standards vary by manufacturer; differing SAE and DIN standards exist. Modern personal computer"
"The insulation of the wire may be solidly colored, or where more combinations are needed, one or two tracer stripes may be added. Some wiring color codes are set by national regulations, but often a color code is specific to a manufacturer or industry. Building wiring under the US National Electrical Code and the Canadian Electrical Code is identified by colors to show energized and neutral conductors, grounding conductors and to identify phases. Other color codes are used in the UK and other areas to identify building wiring or flexible cable wiring. Mains electrical wiring, both in a building and"
"Hz is applied between the copper core wire and the fine wire that surrounds the copper core. The wire can be modeled as a coaxial capacitor with about 1 nF of capacitance per foot, and the rapid charging and discharging of this capacitor excites the phosphor to emit light. The colors of light that can be produced efficiently by phosphors are limited, so many types of wire use an additional fluorescent organic dye in the clear PVC sleeve to produce the final result. These organic dyes produce colors like red and purple when excited by the blue-green light of the"
"high-rise structures. In type NM cable, conductor insulation is color-coded for identification, typically one black, one white, and a bare grounding conductor. The National Electrical Code (NEC) specifies that the black conductor represent the ""hot"" conductor, with significant voltage to earth ground; the white conductor represent the identified or neutral conductor, near ground potential; and the bare/green conductor, the safety grounding conductor not normally used to carry circuit current. Wires may be re-colored, so these rules are commonly excepted. In 240-volt applications not requiring a neutral conductor, the white wire may be used as the second hot conductor, but must"
"of 16 mm (5 AWG) or greater. The three countries United States, Canada and Japan are mentioned in a note in the standard for using different colours: British Standard BS 7671:2001 Amendment No 2:2004 adopted the IEC 60446 colours for fixed wiring in the United Kingdom , with the extension that grey can also be used for line conductors, such that three colours are available for three-phase installations. This extension is expected to be adopted across Europe and may even find its way into a future revision of IEC 60446. Where conductors are in addition identified by letters and numbers,"
"for hot wires and White is used as the neutral wire in a 120/208 V circuit. Brown, Orange and Yellow are used as hot wires and gray is used as the neutral wire in a 277/480 V. For grounding, regardless of the voltage, Green is used. Several other types of wiring systems are used for building wiring in the United States; these include corrugated metal armored cable, mineral-insulated cable, other types of power cable, and various types of electrical conduit. In industrial applications cables may be laid in cable trays. Cable type TC is especially intended for use in tray"
"and electric magenta. Thus, electric purple is the purest and brightest purple that it is possible to display on a computer screen. Its RGB code is (191, 0, 255). An old name for this color, used by Robert Ridgway in his 1912 book on color nomenclature, ""Color Standards and Color Nomenclature"", is true purple. This purple used in HTML and CSS actually is deeper and has a more reddish hue (#800080) than the X11 color purple shown below as ""purple"" (X11 color) (#A020F0), which is bluer and brighter. This color may be called HTML/CSS purple. It seems likely that this"
"Electroluminescent wire Electroluminescent wire (often abbreviated as EL wire) is a thin copper wire coated in a phosphor which glows when an alternating current is applied to it. It can be used in a wide variety of applications—vehicle and structure decoration, safety and emergency lighting, toys, clothing etc.—much as rope light or Christmas lights are often used. Unlike these types of strand lights, EL wire is not a series of points, but produces a 360 degree unbroken line of visible light. Its thin diameter makes it flexible and ideal for use in a variety of applications such as clothing or"
"was not uncommon on commercial builds of the 1960s with a three phase supply for the phase colours (red, yellow, blue) to be used throughout single phase sub circuits thus indicating the phase origin of the supply, in this case no oversleeving was used and can give rise to confusion when encountered today. Direct current mains supplies are now only of historical interest in the UK but the colour coding was red for live and black for earthed (regardless of the actual polarity). Hardly any loads were polarity sensitive when D.C. systems were introduced (principally incandescent lighting, heating systems or"
"or color for use in identification. The colour code used above resembles PE copper cables used in standard telephone wiring. In the UK the colour codes for COF200 and 201 are different. Each 12 fibre bundle or element within a Cable Optical Fibre 200/201 cable is coloured as follows: Each element is in a tube within the cable (not a blown fibre tube) The cable elements start with the red tube and are counted around the cable to the green tube. Active elements are in white tubes and yellow fillers or dummies are laid in the cable to fill it"
"given first). Plug B (pin 2 is first, pin 1 second): e:brown/blue, d:red/green, c:black/white, b:orange/yellow, a:violet/gray. Note the implementation the ""half twist"", routing inputs and outputs to the same pins on each plug. The Pin 1C/black, may carry 5 volts, while 2C/white may carry return. If the power supply is present it must have a self-healing fuse, and may have ground fault protection. If it is absent, the pins should include a 1 MΩ resistor to ground to leak away static voltages. TS-FO stands for ""Three of Six, Fiber Optical."" This is a fiber optic standard designed for affordable plastic"
"frayed. The plugs are normal NEMA 5-15, 5-20, 6-15, 6-20 or 6-30 plugs, depending on the air conditioner, typically molded-on plugs. The protection device is equipped with ""Test"" and ""Reset"" buttons on the housing. The color of a device neither identifies its voltage class nor power system. Because the colors are not identified by national standards, the purpose of color-coding a receptacle is set by the building owner. In this case, building owners may select brown, ivory, white, almond, grey, and black receptacles in the 5-15 configuration to blend with the decor of a room. However, although colors are not"
"color combinations are applied to the insulation that covers each conductor. Typically, one color was a prominent background color of the insulation, and the other was a tracer, consisting of stripes, rings, or dots, applied over the background. The background color always matches the tracer color of its paired conductor, and vice versa. The major, or primary group of colors consists of the sequence of white, red, black, yellow, and violet. The minor, or secondary color was chosen from the sequence blue, orange, green, brown, and slate. The wire pairs are referred to either directly by their color combination, or"
"colours were allowed (but not both), provided that any changes in the colour scheme are clearly labelled. From April 2006, only the new colours should be used for any new wiring. The UK changed colour codes three decades after most other European countries, as the change in standard was not considered safe. Blue, previously used as a phase colour, is now the colour for neutral. Black, which was previously used for neutral, now indicates a phase. Household wiring does not usually use three-phase supplies and the clash only occurs in three-phase systems. Wiring to the old standard can be detected"
"blue for the finishing lead of the primary, red for the B+ lead of the primary, brown for a primary center tap, green for the finishing lead of the secondary, black for grid lead of the secondary, and yellow for a tapped secondary. Each lead had a different color since relative polarity or phase was more important for these transformers. Intermediate-frequency tuned transformers were coded blue and red for the primary and green and black for the secondary. Wires may be color-coded to identify their function, voltage class, polarity, phase or to identify the circuit in which they are used."
"up one strand of EL wire in a constant-on mode, and some drivers may additionally have a blink or strobe mode. A sound-activated driver will light EL wire in synchronization to music, speech, or other ambient sound, but an EL wire sequencer will allow multiple lengths of EL wire to be flashed in a desired sequence. The lengths of EL wire can all be the same color, or a variety of colors. The images above show a sign that displays a telephone number, where the numbers were formed using different colors of EL wire. There are ten numbers, each of"
"ordered, an orange (color 2 in its set) with a yellow (color 4) is the color scheme for the 4·5 + 2 − 5 = 17th pair of wires. If the yellow is the more prominent, thicker stripe, then the wire is a tip conductor connecting to the pin numbered 25 + the pair #, which is pin 42 in this case. Ring conductors connect to the same pin number as the pair number. A conventional enumeration of wire color pairs then begins blue (and white), orange (and white), green (and white) and brown (and white), which subsumes a color-coding"
"in a process known as harmonisation. In the United Kingdom, wiring installations are regulated by the Institution of Engineering and Technology ""Requirements for Electrical Installations: IEE Wiring Regulations, BS 7671: 2008,"" which are harmonised with IEC 60364. The 17th edition (issued in January 2008) includes new sections for microgeneration and solar photovoltaic systems. The first edition was published in 1882. In a typical electrical code, some colour-coding of wires is mandatory. Many local rules and exceptions exist per country, state or region. Older installations vary in colour codes, and colours may fade with insulation exposure to heat, light and ageing."
"on the basis of color blindness. However, there is a claim that there is no firm evidence that color deficiency did cause the collision, or that it might have not been the sole cause. Color vision is important for occupations using telephone or computer networking cabling, as the individual wires inside the cables are color-coded using green, orange, brown, blue and white colors. Electronic wiring, transformers, resistors, and capacitors are color-coded as well, using black, brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, gray, white, silver, gold. Some countries have refused to grant driving licenses to individuals with color blindness. In"
"This type is called a stackable or stacking plug. For high voltage use, sheathed versions of the banana plug and socket are used. These add an insulating sheath around both the male and female connectors to avoid accidental contact. The sheathed male plug will not work with an unsheathed female socket, but an unsheathed male plug will fit a sheathed female socket. Individual banana plugs and jacks are commonly color-coded red and black, but are available in a wide variety of colors. Dual banana plugs are often black with some physical feature such as a molded ridge or thick tab,"
"including brown, orange, yellow, pink, and dark blue. Trirated Cable is designed specifically for use in the switch, control, relay and instrumentation panels of power circuits and as internal connectors in rectifier equipment, motor starters and controllers. BS 6231 is a British Standard last updated in 2006 by the BSI Group. This standard specifies the performance and construction requirements of electrical cables that are single core, non-sheathed, PVC-insulated and of rated voltage 600/1000 V. Wire approved to BS 6231 may not also carry the UL and CSA ratings. Trirated cable Trirated Cable is a high temperature, flame retardant electrical wire"
"regulations in other European countries and the international IEC 60446 standard. However, there are a number of specific national practices, habits and traditions that differ significantly from other countries, and which in some cases survived harmonisation. These include the use of ring circuits for domestic and light commercial fixed wiring, fused plugs, and for circuits installed prior to harmonisation, historically unique wiring colours. The standard wiring colours in the UK are () the same as elsewhere in Europe and follow international standard IEC 60446. This colour scheme had already been introduced for appliance flexes in the UK in the early"
"be recolored with tape or by some other method. Four-wire flexible equipment connection cords have red as the fourth color; unlike older European practices, color-coding in flexible cords is the same as for fixed wiring. In commercial and industrial, unenclosed NM cable is often prohibited in certain areas or altogether (depending on what the building is used for and local/state building codes). Therefore, it is almost never used by commercial electrical contractors. Most wiring is put in non-flexible conduit, usually EMT because of its cost and durability. Rigid may be required for certain areas and additionally, vapor-lock fittings may be"
"and will therefore fit into 32 A sockets but not vice versa. Instead of a distinguished earth pin, an optional minor key is an additional 5 mm wide groove cut through the shroud. The pin opposite the major key is also optional and may be omitted to make a 2-pin variant. The colour of the housing indicates the type of power available. The primary distinction is by rated operating voltage, as follows: Commonly used colours are yellow (125 V), blue (250 V), and red (400 V). The black version (500 V) can often be found on ships. In addition to"