"Ronald Ross Sir Ronald Ross (13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932), was a British medical doctor who received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for his work on the transmission of malaria, becoming the first British Nobel laureate, and the first born outside Europe. His discovery of the malarial parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of a mosquito in 1897 proved that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes, and laid the foundation for the method of combating the disease. He was a polymath, writing a number of poems, published several novels, and composed songs. He was also an"
"Fenham Case"". He married Clara Marion Horton, the widow of an officer in the Royal Artillery, in 1905; they had no children. Charles Ross (British Army officer, born 1864) Major-General Charles Ross (10 March 1864 – 21 December 1930), CB, DSO, was a British Army officer, active during the Boer War and the First World War, where he commanded 6th Division from 1915 to 1917. He was the younger brother of Sir Ronald Ross, who received the 1902 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering the method by which malaria was transmitted. Ross was born in 1864, the third son of"
"his work on malaria, ""by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it"". He identified the mosquito as the transmitter of malaria, and worked tirelessly on measures to prevent malaria worldwide. The 1903 prize was awarded to Niels Ryberg Finsen, the first Faroese laureate, ""in recognition of his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science"". He died within a year after receiving the prize at the"
"awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1907. In the early 1880s Laveran's germ theory of malaria was generally accepted by the science community. However pivotal problems still remained, such as what transmit the malarial parasites and how. The scientific clue emerged when a British medical officer Patrick Manson discovered for the first time that parasites were transmitted by mosquitoes. In 1877 while working in Amoy, a coastal town in China, he found that the mosquito ""Culex fatigans"" (now ""Culex quinquefasciatus"") was the vector of the filarial roundworm that he called ""Filaria sanguinis hominis"" (but now ""Wuchereria bancrofti"")."
"confidant Ronald Ross in the late 1890s. Ross discovered that malaria was transmitted by the biting of specific species of mosquito. For this Ross won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902. Further experimental proof was provided by Manson who induced malaria in healthy human subjects from malaria-carrying mosquitoes. Thus the theory became the foundation of malariology and the strategy of control of malaria. Malaria was prevalent in the Roman Empire, and the Roman scholars associated the disease with the marshy or swampy lands where the disease was particularly rampant. It was from those Romans the name ""malaria"""
"for which Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy had to be called for from Calcutta to Panihati. The delay proved to be fatal. He died in July 1929 when there was continuous rainfall for three days. Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay (Bengali: কিশোরীমোহন বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায় ) (1877–1929) was an Indian scientist, social worker and freedom fighter. He worked as one of the laboratory assistants to Ronald Ross in 1898 at the Culcutta Presidency General Hospital. After Ross was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for the discovery of transmission of malaria by mosquito, Bandyopadhyay was awarded King Edward"
"Charles Ross (British Army officer, born 1864) Major-General Charles Ross (10 March 1864 – 21 December 1930), CB, DSO, was a British Army officer, active during the Boer War and the First World War, where he commanded 6th Division from 1915 to 1917. He was the younger brother of Sir Ronald Ross, who received the 1902 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering the method by which malaria was transmitted. Ross was born in 1864, the third son of General Sir C. C. G. Ross. His eldest brother, Ronald, would later become a medical researcher, and was eventually awarded the 1902"
"healthy man in a non-malarial zone had contracted tertian malaria after being bitten by an experimentally infected ""Anopheles claviger"" specimen. In 1898–1899, Bastianelli, Bignami and Grassi were the first to observe the complete transmission cycle of ""P. falciparum"", ""P. vivax"" and ""P. malaria"" from mosquito to human and back in ""A. claviger"". A dispute broke out between the British and Italian schools of malariology over priority, but Ross received the 1902 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for ""his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful"
"transmit malaria to birds. He isolated malaria parasites from the salivary glands of mosquitoes that had fed on infected birds. For this work, Ross received the 1902 Nobel Prize in Medicine. After resigning from the Indian Medical Service, Ross worked at the newly established Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine and directed malaria-control efforts in Egypt, Panama, Greece and Mauritius. The findings of Finlay and Ross were later confirmed by a medical board headed by Walter Reed in 1900. Its recommendations were implemented by William C. Gorgas in the health measures undertaken during construction of the Panama Canal. This public-health work"
"Ronald Martin did put their mark in medical treatment and research. Sir Ronald Ross made his epoch-making-discovery of ""Cycle of Malarial Parasite"" in this hospital and was awarded Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology on 10 Dec 1902. He also received the Barkley Bronze Memorial Medal from Asiatic Society, Calcutta on 20 May 1903, Sir Ronald Ross is the first Indian (born at Almorah) Nobel laureate. After his retirement from service on 31 July 1899, he visited PG Hospital in January 1927, when the ""Gate of Commemoration"" bearing his statue and poem in the plaque was unveiled by Lord Lytton."
"When the 1902 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was considered, the Nobel Committee initially intended the prize to be shared between Ross and Grassi, however Ross accused Grassi of deliberate fraud. The weight of favour ultimately fell on Ross, largely due to the influences of Robert Koch, the appointed neutral arbitrator in the committee; as reported, ""Koch threw the full weight of his considerable authority in insisting that Grassi did not deserve the honor"". Ross was the first to show that malarial parasite was transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes, in his case the avian ""Plasmodium relictum"". Ronald"
"of a mosquito. On his return to London, he was appointed Medical Advisor to the Colonial Office. He strongly believed that doctors should be trained in tropical medicine to treat British colonial administrators and others working throughout Britain's tropical empire. He also encouraged and mentored Ronald Ross during this period to uncover the correct etiology of malaria, which Ross subsequently discovered in 1897, winning the Nobel Prize for his efforts. The original school was established as part of the Seamen's Hospital Society. In 1902, the benefactor Petit wrote the following about the institution in a letter to Sir Francis Lovell"
"""Plasmodium falciparum"", and discovered that only female anopheline mosquitoes are capable of transmitting the disease. His works in malaria remain a lasting controversy in the history of Nobel Prizes, because a British army surgeon Ronald Ross, who discovered the transmission of malarial parasite in birds was given the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. But Grassi, who demonstrated the complete route of transmission of human ""Plasmodium"", and correctly identified the types of malarial parasite as well as the mosquito vector, ""Anopheles claviger"", was denied. Grassi was the first to demonstrate the life cycle of human dwarf tapeworm"" Taenia nana"","
"of this part of Putney Hill. It is now a no-through-road leading to Tibbet's Corner. Several of the mansions remain. The most southern of the homes was named Bath House, which included a keeper's lodge and large grounds. In 1926 it was opened as the Ross Institute and Hospital for Tropical Diseases by the then Prince of Wales, the future Edward VIII. The hospital was founded by malariologist Ronald Ross, who discovered that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes. He won the 1902 Nobel Prize for his discovery. After his death and burial at nearby Putney Vale Cemetery in 1932, the"
"Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work on the transmission of malaria. He was educated at Stubbington, and joined the Norfolk Regiment in 1884. He was attached to the Egyptian Army in 1893 and 1894, and attended the Staff College, Camberley from 1897 to 1899. Shortly after leaving, he was posted to South Africa, following the outbreak of hostilities there, to act as a divisional signalling officer. He was then assigned to intelligence work on the staff, and remained in the country until July 1902, being mentioned in despatches and awarded the Distinguished Service Order. In 1904 he was posted"
"1902 ""for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it"". 20 August is celebrated by London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine as ""World Mosquito Day"" to commemorate Ross' discovery in 1897. Additionally, Ross' name, along with 22 other pioneers of public health and tropical medicine, appears on the School's Frieze. The papers of Sir Ronald Ross are now preserved by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons"
"Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay Kishori Mohan Bandyopadhyay (Bengali: কিশোরীমোহন বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায় ) (1877–1929) was an Indian scientist, social worker and freedom fighter. He worked as one of the laboratory assistants to Ronald Ross in 1898 at the Culcutta Presidency General Hospital. After Ross was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for the discovery of transmission of malaria by mosquito, Bandyopadhyay was awarded King Edward VII's Gold Medal in 1903 for his contribution. The Bandyopadhyay family was originally from Jessore, now in Bangladesh. The family moved to Panihati, 24 Paragana, West Bengal. Bandyopadhyay was born in Entally area of"
"because by that time leading physicians such as Theodor Albrecht Edwin Klebs and Corrado Tommasi-Crudeli claimed that they had discovered a bacterium (which they called ""Bacillus malariae"") as the pathogen of malaria. Laveran's discovery was widely accepted only after five years when Camillo Golgi confirmed the parasite using better microscope and staining technique. Laveran was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1907 for his work. In 1900, the Italian zoologist Giovanni Battista Grassi categorized ""Plasmodium"" species based on the timing of fever in the patient; malignant tertian malaria was caused by ""Laverania malariae"" (now ""P. falciparum""), benign"
"protozoan which he named ""Oscillaria malariae"", but later renamed ""Plasmodium"". This was the first time that protozoans were shown to be a cause of disease of any kind. The discovery was therefore a validation of the germ theory of diseases. Laveran later worked on the trypanosomes, particularly sleeping sickness, and showed once again that protozoans were responsible for the disease. Laveran was awarded the Bréant Prize (""Prix Bréant"") of the French Academy of Sciences in 1889 and the Edward Jenner Medal of the Royal Society of Medicine in 1902 for his discovery of the malarial parasite. He received the Nobel"
"most of the winners have been doctors or other medical professionals; an exception was Frederick Warner, an engineer who won the medal in 1982 ""for his important role in reducing pollution of the River Thames and of his significant contributions to risk assessment"". One winner has also won a Nobel Prize: Barry Marshall, who was awarded the Buchanan Medal in 1998 ""in recognition of his work on discovering the role of Helicobacter pylori as a cause of diseases such as duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer and gastritis-associated dyspepsia"" and won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2005."
"in attaching themselves with the institute. Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Parasitology Sir Ronald Ross Institute of Parasitology is a malaria research institute located in Begumpet, Secunderabad, Hyderabad, India. Established in 1955, the institute is a division of Osmania University. The institute is named after Sir Ronald Ross, winner of Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, 1902. Sir Ronald Ross was posted as a general duty medical officer to the regiment stationed in Secunderabad in 1893. Though he was a surgeon by qualification, Ross was attracted towards research in tropical diseases, especially malaria. During his posting, he worked on his"
"microbiologist and founder of modern bacteriology, Robert Koch, who received a Nobel Prize in 1905 for his groundbreaking research on tuberculosis. His studies in Germany demonstrated his accurate observation and original thought in the field of research. Returning from Berlin in 1890 he served as Obstetric Resident at St Bartholomew's Hospital While holding this position he was appointed by the Royal College of Surgeons, Royal College of Physicians, and the Executive Committee of the National Leprosy Fund as one of the Special Commissioners to investigate the prevalence and treatment of leprosy in India. Among his conclusions were that direct contagion"
"is transmitted by sandflies.) In 1899, Ross resigned from Indian Medical Service and went to England to join the faculty of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine as lecturer. He continued to work on prevention of malaria in different parts of the world, including West Africa, the Suez Canal zone, Greece, Mauritius, Cyprus, and in the areas affected by the First World War. He also initiated organisations, which proved to be well established, for fighting malaria in India and Sri Lanka. He was appointed as Professor and Chair of Tropical Medicine of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in 1902,"
"advance in 1880, when Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran—a French army doctor working in the military hospital of Constantine in Algeria—observed parasites inside the red blood cells of infected people for the first time. He, therefore, proposed that malaria is caused by this organism, the first time a protist was identified as causing disease. For this and later discoveries, he was awarded the 1907 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. A year later, Carlos Finlay, a Cuban doctor treating people with yellow fever in Havana, provided strong evidence that mosquitoes were transmitting disease to and from humans. This work followed earlier"
"John Sulston Sir John Edward Sulston (27 March 1942 – 6 March 2018) was a British biologist and academic who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the cell lineage and genome of the worm ""Caenorhabditis elegans"" in 2002 with his colleagues Sydney Brenner and Robert Horvitz. He was a leader in human genome research and Chair of the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation at the University of Manchester. Sulston was in favour of science in the public interest, such as free public access of scientific information and against the patenting of genes and"
"1897–1898. At the same time, Giovanni Battista Grassi and others described the malaria parasite's life cycle stages in ""Anopheles"" mosquitoes. Ross was controversially awarded the 1902 Nobel prize for his work, while Grassi was not. In 1903, David Bruce identified the protozoan parasite and the tsetse fly vector of African trypanosomiasis. Given the importance of malaria, with some 220 million people infected annually, many attempts have been made to interrupt its transmission. Various methods of malaria prophylaxis have been tried including the use of antimalarial drugs to kill off the parasites in the blood, the eradication of its mosquito vectors"
"suggestions by Josiah C. Nott, and work by Sir Patrick Manson, the ""father of tropical medicine"", on the transmission of filariasis. In April 1894, a Scottish physician, Sir Ronald Ross, visited Sir Patrick Manson at his house on Queen Anne Street, London. This visit was the start of four years of collaboration and fervent research that culminated in 1897 when Ross, who was working in the Presidency General Hospital in Calcutta, proved the complete life-cycle of the malaria parasite in mosquitoes. He thus proved that the mosquito was the vector for malaria in humans by showing that certain mosquito species"
"other diseases and won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the bacterium causing tuberculosis. Although Koch arguably made the greatest theoretical contribution to our understanding of anthrax, other researchers were more concerned with the practical questions of how to prevent the disease. In Britain, where anthrax affected workers in the wool, worsted, hides and tanning industries, it was viewed with fear. John Henry Bell, a doctor based in Bradford, first made the link between the mysterious and deadly ""woolsorter's disease"" and anthrax, showing in 1878 that they were one and the same. In the"
"Emil von Behring Emil von Behring (Emil Adolf von Behring), born as Emil Adolf Behring (15 March 1854 – 31 March 1917), was a German physiologist who received the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the first one awarded, for his discovery of a diphtheria antitoxin. He was widely known as a ""saviour of children,"" as diphtheria used to be a major cause of child death. He was honored with Prussian nobility in 1901, henceforth being known by the surname ""von Behring."" Behring was born in Hansdorf, Kreis Rosenberg, Province of Prussia (now Ławice, Iława County, Poland). His father"
"was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May 1926. He was the sixteenth president of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene from 1939 to 1943. An expert on tropical medicines, Christophers studied many diseases, particularly malaria. His work on the research of this disease won him the Royal Society's 1952 Buchanan Medal for ""outstanding research"" on the Anopheles mosquito that transmitted malaria. In his career he also contributed to the taxonomy of other parasites. Rickard Christophers Brevet Colonel Sir (Samuel) Rickard Christophers CIE, OBE, FRS (27 November 1873 – 19 February 1978) was a British protozoologist"
"600 scientific communications. Some of his major books are: Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran (18 June 1845 – 18 May 1922) was a French physician who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1907 for his discoveries of parasitic protozoans as causative agents of infectious diseases such as malaria and trypanosomiasis. Following his father, Louis Théodore Laveran, he took up military medicine as his profession. He obtained his medical degree from University of Strasbourg in 1867. At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, he joined the French Army. At the age of 29"
"Indian Medical Service demonstrated the transmission of bird malarial parasite (then ""Proteosoma"" but now ""Plasmodium relictum"") by a mosquito (then ""Culex fatigans"", but now ""Culex quinquefasciatus""), for which Ross won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902. In 1899 MacCallum and T.W. Hastings described a new species of pathogenic Gram-positive bacterium which they named ""Micrococcus zymogenes"". The bacterium was discovered to be the causative agent of heart infection (acute endocarditis). The bacterium was a very small, occurred mainly in pairs, sometimes in short chains, and developed in small, pale, grayish-white colonies. It was uniquely capable of fermenting milk,"
"would commend my hypothesis to the attention of medical men in India and elsewhere, where malarial patients and suctorial insects abound."""" Sir Ronald Ross approached Manson in London and went on to prove this theory. The subsequent correspondence between Ross and Manson is documented as one of the most legendary collaborations in the history of medicine. Manson's theory was finally proved by Ross in 1898 who described the full life cycle of the malarial parasite (of birds) inside the female mosquito. Ross won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for this discovery. Both Manson and Laveran were"