"by Charles of France at Paris a few years earlier, upon the arrival of his consort Isabel of Bavaria. Geoffrey Chaucer supervised preparations for the tournament as a clerk to the King. Along with Tyburn, Smithfield was for centuries the main site for the public execution of heretics and dissidents in London. The Scottish nobleman Sir William Wallace was executed in 1305 at West Smithfield. The market was the meeting place prior to the Peasants' Revolt and where the Revolt's leader, Wat Tyler, was slain by Sir William Walworth, Lord Mayor of London on 15 June 1381. Religious dissenters (Catholics"
"hunted man in Scotland for years, but especially for the past eighteen months. He was quickly taken through the Scottish countryside, his legs bound beneath his horse, towards London, where, after a show trial, the English authorities had him executed on 23 August 1305, at the Elms of Smithfield in the traditional manner for a traitor. He was hanged, then drawn and quartered, and his head placed on a spike on London Bridge. The English government displayed his limbs separately in Newcastle, Berwick, Stirling, and Perth. On 15 September, the English parliament met with the Scottish representatives to decide the"
"but probably resigned as Guardian of Scotland. In 1305 he fell into the hands of the English, who executed him for treason despite the fact that he believed he owed no allegiance to England. Rivals John Comyn and Robert the Bruce, grandson of the claimant, were appointed as joint guardians in his place. On 10 February 1306, Bruce participated in the murder of Comyn, at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. Less than seven weeks later, on 25 March, Bruce was crowned as king. However, Edward's forces overran the country after defeating Bruce's small army at the Battle of Methven. Despite the"
"are unknown. After the capture and execution of Wallace in 1305, Scotland seemed to have been finally conquered and the revolt calmed for a period. On 10 February 1306, during a meeting between Bruce and Comyn, the two surviving claimants for the Scottish throne, Bruce quarrelled with and killed John Comyn at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. At this moment the rebellion was sparked again. Comyn, it seems, had broken an agreement between the two, and informed King Edward of Bruce's plans to be king. The agreement was that one of the two claimants would renounce his claim on the throne"
"John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch and Lord of Lochaber, also known simply as the Red Comyn (c. 1269 – 10 February 1306), was a Scottish nobleman who was an important figure in the First War of Scottish Independence, and was Guardian of Scotland during the Second Interregnum (1296–1306). In this capacity, he commanded the defence of Scotland against English attacks. He is best known for having been stabbed to death by Robert the Bruce before the altar at the church of the Greyfriars at Dumfries. His father, John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch,"
"was again obtained from the nobles and the burghs, and a parliament was held to elect those who would meet later in the year with the English parliament to establish rules for the governance of Scotland. The Earl of Richmond, Edward's nephew, was to head up the subordinate government of Scotland. While all this took place, William Wallace was finally captured near Glasgow, and he was hanged, drawn, and quartered in London on 23 August 1305. In September 1305, Edward ordered Robert Bruce to put his castle at Kildrummy, ""in the keeping of such a man as he himself will"
"after the battle and for a short time Wallace ruled Scotland in the name of John Balliol as Guardian of the realm. Edward came north in person and defeated Wallace at the Battle of Falkirk. Wallace escaped but probably resigned as Guardian of Scotland. In 1305 he fell into the hands of the English, who executed him for treason despite the fact that he owed no allegiance to England. Rivals John Comyn and Robert the Bruce, grandson of the claimant Robert Bruce of Annandale, were appointed as joint guardians in Wallace's place. On 10 February 1306, Bruce participated in the"
"for their sanctity, on the consecrated host, the holy gospels, and certain relics of saints. He also agreed to submit to instant excommunication if he should break his allegiance to Edward. Convinced that his faith was to his country in spite of all, he once again took up the Scottish patriotic cause and died in the service of The Bruce in 1309. James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland James Stewart (died 16 July 1309) was the 5th hereditary High Steward of Scotland and a Guardian of Scotland during the First Interregnum. James was a son of Alexander Stewart, 4th"
"Robert the Bruce Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (Medieval Gaelic: '; modern Scottish Gaelic: '; Norman French: ' or '; Early Scots: ""Robert Brus""; ), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert was one of the most famous warriors of his generation, and eventually led Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against England. He fought successfully during his reign to regain Scotland's place as an independent country and is today revered in Scotland as a national hero. Descended from the Anglo-Norman and Gaelic"
"hanged (though not drawn and quartered) on 28 August 1588, at Clerkenwell. Unusually, the executions which took place on this day and shortly thereafter were not all at the usual sites for executions in London, but were spread across the city to make an example of those condemned for their treasonous acts. This has been interpreted as a gesture of reprisal following the defeat of the Spanish Armada. In the 2004 edition of the Roman Martyrology, Holford is listed as one of a group of eight martyrs who died in London on 28 August 1588. Following the Roman custom of"
"a letter from the King of Scots, Robert I, and a letter from four Scottish bishops which all presumably made similar points. The Declaration was part of a broader diplomatic campaign which sought to assert Scotland's position as an independent kingdom, rather than being a feudal land controlled by England's Norman kings, as well as lift the excommunication of Robert the Bruce. The Pope had recognised Edward I of England's claim to overlordship of Scotland in 1305 and Bruce was excommunicated by the Pope for murdering John Comyn before the altar in Greyfriars Church in Dumfries in 1306. The Declaration"
"Justices were to be appointed in pairs, one Englishman and one Scot. Militarily strategic localities were to be controlled by English sheriffs and constables, but most others by Scots. A council was formed to advise the Earl of Richmond, including Bruce, Comyn and Lamberton. For all the apparent participation by Scots in the government, however, the English held the real power. While all this took place, William Wallace was finally captured at Robroyston near Glasgow on 3 August 1305. He was delivered to the English by retainers in the service of Sir John Menteith. Wallace had been easily the most"
"London Bridge, along with Wallace's. Simon is known to have had the following issue: Simon Fraser (died 1306) Sir Simon Fraser of Oliver and Neidpath was a Scottish knight who fought in the Wars of Scottish Independence, for which he was hanged, drawn, and quartered in 1306. Simon Fraser was the son of Simon Fraser (died 1291) and Maria. Simon was captured during the Battle of Dunbar on 27 April 1296 and was sent to a prison in England. He was forfeited of his lands. He was released to serve King Edward I of England's expedition in Flanders in 1297."
"of Methven in June 1306. Seton was captured at the battle by the English and was executed in London with great brutality. In 1320, Sir Alexander Seton, who was probably Sir Christopher's brother signed the Declaration of Arbroath that asserted Scottish independence. Sir Alexander Seton was later Governor of Berwick from 1327 until 1333 when the town surrendered to the English. The English had already hanged Seton's son whom they had held as a hostage. Seton's remaining two sons were also both killed - one drowning in a sea battle with an English fleet and the other was killed fighting"
"demands would be accepted and their personal safety guaranteed. Once Scrope's army had been disbanded on 29 May, Scrope, Mowbray and Plumpton were arrested, summarily condemned to death for treason, and beheaded outside the walls of York on 8 June 1405. Although Westmorland handed Scrope and his allies over to the King at Pontefract, he played no role in their hasty and irregular trial and execution, having been sent north by the King on 4 June to seize Northumberland's castles. It is unclear whether Northumberland had initially planned to rebel openly in concert with Scrope, but in the event he"
"Scottish Independence. Its principal focus is Robert the Bruce and Sir James Douglas, but the second half of the poem also features actions of Robert II's Stewart forebears in the conflict. Barbour's purpose in the poem was partly historical and partly patriotic. He celebrates The Bruce (Robert I) and Douglas throughout as the flowers of Scottish chivalry. The poem opens with a description of the state of Scotland at the death of Alexander III (1286) and concludes (more or less) with the death of Douglas and the burial of the Bruce's heart (1332). Its central episode is the Battle of"
"are only about an hour's drive away. Loch Monzievaird Loch Monzievaird (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Moighidh a' Bhàird) is a loch in Scotland, located in the region of Perthshire. King Kenneth III of Scotland was killed at the battle of Monzievaird in 1005. On the north side of the loch are the remains of an old fortress called Castle Cluggy. This was the original home of the lairds of Ochtertyre. The fortress was referred to as 'ancient' in a charter of 1467. It belonged to Red Comyn, who was killed in 1306 by Robert the Bruce in the convent of the"
"favourite axe. To this day, the story stands in folklore as a testament of the Scottish people and their culture. Robert the Bruce Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (Medieval Gaelic: '; modern Scottish Gaelic: '; Norman French: ' or '; Early Scots: ""Robert Brus""; ), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert was one of the most famous warriors of his generation, and eventually led Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against England. He fought successfully during his reign to regain Scotland's place"
"England, and the Scots.' In the surrender of the patriotic party in February 1304 Wishart was initially condemned to banishment from Scotland for two or three years 'on account of the great evils he has caused.' On 10 February 1306 Robert Bruce and a small party of supporters murdered John Comyn, a leading rival, in the Church of the Greyfriars in Dumfries. It was an act of political rebellion: perhaps even more serious, it was an act of supreme sacrilege. He now faced the future as an outlaw and an excommunicate, an enemy of the state and the church. It"
"23 October 1295, known as the Auld Alliance (1295–1560). War ensued and King John was deposed by Edward who took personal control of Scotland. Andrew Moray and William Wallace initially emerged as the principal leaders of the resistance to English rule in what became known as the Wars of Scottish Independence (1296–1328). The nature of the struggle changed significantly when Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick, killed his rival John Comyn on 10 February 1306 at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. He was crowned king as Robert I less than seven weeks later. Robert I battled to restore Scottish Independence as"
"bravery in defence of the independence of his country was basely betrayed into the hands of his enemies by whom, to their everlasting disgrace, he was unjustifiably put to death on the XXII. of August, MCCC. Centuries have not dimmed the lustre of his heroic achievements; and the memory of this most disinterested of patriots shall through all ages be honoured and revered by his countrymen."""" Side 2 - """"Sir William Wallace, Regent of Scotland, MCCXCVII. In resistance to treacherous invasion, and in defence of the laws and liberties of his country, he fought against fearful odds the desperate battles"
"to the elderly Father Starr, a Catholic priest who had had a personal devotion to the Gateshead martyr for many years and had made a walk in his honour. Their motive from the start was to promote the Cause for the canonization of Blessed John Ingram. John Ingram (martyr) The Blessed John Ingram (1565 – 26 July 1594) was an English Jesuit and martyr from Stoke Edith, Herefordshire, who was executed in Gateshead on 26 July 1594, during the reign of Elizabeth I. Ingram was probably the son of Anthony Ingram of Wolford, Warwickshire, by Dorothy, daughter of Sir John"
"Loch Monzievaird Loch Monzievaird (Scottish Gaelic: Loch Moighidh a' Bhàird) is a loch in Scotland, located in the region of Perthshire. King Kenneth III of Scotland was killed at the battle of Monzievaird in 1005. On the north side of the loch are the remains of an old fortress called Castle Cluggy. This was the original home of the lairds of Ochtertyre. The fortress was referred to as 'ancient' in a charter of 1467. It belonged to Red Comyn, who was killed in 1306 by Robert the Bruce in the convent of the Minorites (Greyfriars Kirk) at Dumfries. It is"
"been hung drawn and quartered, and the others had escaped into England. There is monument to Bastie at Preston, Scottish Borders, erected by General James Home in early 19th-century in honour of Antoine d'Arces. It consists of a square plinth and pedestal embossed with crosses with a classical cornice, topped by a stylised urn. Antoine's body was buried nearby, it is said, close to the scene of the murder in a field at Swallowdene farm. Antoine d'Arces Antoine d'Arcy, sieur de la Bastie-sur-Meylan and of , (d. 18 September 1517) was a French nobleman involved in the government of Scotland."
"Christopher Slaughterford Christopher Slaughterford of London was executed in Guildford July 9, 1709, for the murder of Jane Young, his fiancée. His case is very important, as he was the first person in modern England executed for murder based exclusively on circumstantial evidence. He is also famous for supposedly finding his fiancée's killer, one of his servants, in the form of a ghost. Slaughterford was the last person seen in Jane Young's company on October 5, 1703. He exhibited tell-tale signs of his innocence in that he cooperated fully with all police investigations and had previously been acquitted at trial"
"any degree of precision: various dates between 1308 and 1309 have been suggested, though the late summer of 1308 would seem to be the most likely. Traquair dates it to August 1308. The slaying of John Comyn was a decisive act in Scottish political history. Soon after this Bruce had been crowned with the full support of the Scottish Church, which effectively set aside a papal interdict, although he still faced some formidable obstacles. The balance of power in Scotland shifted firmly in favour of the English. The chief weakness of the campaigns of Edward I of England, virtually from"
"de Mowbray, the Standard Bearer of Scotland who was arrested in 1320 for treason against King Robert I of Scotland. Philip Mowbray Sir Philip Mowbray or Philip de Mowbray (died 1318) was a Scottish gentleman who opposed Robert the Bruce in the Wars of Scottish Independence. He was the son of Sir Geoffrey Mowbray by a daughter of Red John Comyn, Justiciary of Scotland. Philip married Eve, Lady Redcastle. In 1307, he was at the head of an English force of 1,000 men going from Bothwell Castle to Kyle when they were ambushed by Bruce's ally Sir James Douglas. While"
"English. James was acting according to Scotland's obligations to France under an older mutual defence treaty, the Auld Alliance. James was excommunicated by Pope Leo X and the English Cardinal Bainbridge for breaking his sworn treaty with England. The subsequent invasion by the Scots met defeat when James was killed on 9 September 1513 at the Battle of Flodden in Northumberland. Despite this abrogation, the Treaty of Perpetual Peace had a long-lasting effect because of the marriage between James Stewart and Margaret Tudor. Specifically, their great-grandson King James VI of Scotland was able to succeed to the English throne in"
"February 1307. He was executed by hanging in Carlisle, England. He may have been related to the Ronald Crawford who was hanged at the Barns of Ayr, but this issue is surrounded by uncertainty and later legend. Reginald Crawford (died 1307) Sir Reginald Crawford (died 1307) was a Scottish knight who took part in the Wars of Scottish Independence. In 1296 he was appointed as Sheriff of Ayr by the English administration. In June 1297 he was one of several Scots nobles who did a deal where they were released by the English to fight against Andrew Moray. This suggests"
"by Parliament for unspecified acts presumably relating to hostility to Henry VIII's church policies. He was beheaded at the Tower of London on 9 July 1539. His servants were also killed for treason on the same day but were hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn. Fortescue was twice married: The Order of St. John of Jerusalem has advocated devotion to Blessed Adrian as a martyr since the 17th century and Pope Leo XIII beatified him on 13 May 1895. Adrian Fortescue (martyr) Sir Adrian Fortescue (1476 – 9 July 1539) was a courtier at the court of King Henry VIII"
"of the rebels were executed, including the Abbot of Hailes (near Gloucester), who was dressed in full armour. The Bishop of Bangor was spared because he was wearing his vestments. Percy was defeated, and the Earl himself died fighting a furious rearguard action as his army was routed. His ally Thomas Bardolf, 5th Baron Bardolf was mortally wounded early in the action and later died. Very few of his soldiers escaped the pursuit and returned to Scotland. Percy was hung, drawn and quartered; his head was placed on London Bridge, with other parts of his anatomy displayed elsewhere (as was"
"known as Castle William, for upon this sted Sir William Wallace held a ryall house, a crown property. On 10 February 1306, Robert the Bruce killed John Comyn at Greyfriars Kirk, Dumfries. By May of that year Bruce was crowned King of Scots at Scone but early setbacks against English forces saw him seek refuge in the Western Isles and then in Ireland. In the spring of 1307 Bruce and his followers returned to the Scottish mainland and ambushed an English force under the command of Sir Aymer de Vallence at Glen Trool, Galloway. Worse was to follow for the"
"Alexander Ramsay of Dalhousie Sir Alexander Ramsay of Dalhousie (sometimes spelt: ""Dalwolsey"") (died 1342) was a Scottish patriot known for his prowess in battle, and the 1342 capture of Roxburgh Castle. Alexander Ramsay (abt 1290-1342) was the eldest of two sons born to Sir William Ramsay of Dalhousie( abt 1235-1320), the other being Sir William Ramsay of Inverleith. Sir Alexander became Warden of the Middle Marches in command of Lothian men, and one of the Regent's chief commanders at Boroughmuir, where Guy de Namur, a Flemish ally of England, was defeated. He was present at the capture of Leuchars Castle,"