"The standard workweek is 48 hours. In 2004 Paraguay's unemployment rate stood at 15 percent. Paraguay's currency is the guarani (PYG). In mid-October 2005, US$1 equaled about PYG6155. Price inflation fell dramatically between 2003 and 2004, from 14.2 percent to a 30-year low of 4.3 percent. President's Duarte's economic reforms and austerity programs have produced results more rapidly than many expected. As of 2005, experts forecast that the inflation rate in Paraguay likely would rise in coming years but remain below 10 percent. Paraguay is a member of the Common Market of the South (Mercado Común del Sur or Mercosur)."
"Paraguayan guaraní The guaraní (, plural: ""guaraníes""; sign: ₲; code: PYG) is the national currency unit of Paraguay. The guaraní was divided into 100 céntimos but, because of inflation, céntimos are no longer in use. The currency sign is . The law creating the guaraní was passed on 5 October 1943, and replaced the peso at a rate of 1 guaraní = 100 pesos. Guaraníes were first issued in 1944. Between 1960 and 1985, the guaraní was pegged to the United States dollar at 126 PYG to US$1. In 1944, aluminum-bronze coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10,"
"(with N₲ as the currency sign, and only the old banknotes available, probably with three zeros crossed out manually), new banknotes with the lower value would be introduced, re-using the name guaraní (₲) for the lower value. However, due to possible confusion and problems with the projects, it is currently suspended. Paraguayan guaraní The guaraní (, plural: ""guaraníes""; sign: ₲; code: PYG) is the national currency unit of Paraguay. The guaraní was divided into 100 céntimos but, because of inflation, céntimos are no longer in use. The currency sign is . The law creating the guaraní was passed on 5"
"Central Bank of Paraguay The Central Bank of Paraguay () is Paraguay's highest monetary authority in, and the country's governing body in, finances and economics. Its headquarters are in Asunción. The institution was created by Law 18/52 of March 25, 1952. In 1995, the legal frame of the Central Bank was replaced by Law 489/95. The bank manages the printing and minting of the Paraguayan currency, the guaraní. The Bank is active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion. It is also one of the original 17 regulatory institutions to make"
"Paraguayan peso The peso was the currency of Paraguay between 1856 and 1944. It replaced the real at a rate of 8 reales = 1 peso. Until 1870, the peso was subdivided into 8 reales. Paraguay then decimalized, with 100 ""centésimos"" = 1 peso. The name of the subdivision was changed to ""centavo"" in 1874. The peso was replaced in 1944 by the ""guaraní"" at a rate of one hundred to one. In 1867, Paraguay issued its first gold coins, for 4 pesos, during the War of the Triple Alliance. Bronze coins were issued in 1870 in denominations of 1,"
"1923. In 1907, the Bank of the Republic issued notes for 5, 10, 50, 100 and 1000 pesos national money which were also denominated as 50 centavos, 1, 5 and 10 pesos in gold. Private banks such as ""El Banco De Comercio"" and ""Lezica y Lanús"" issued notes in Asunción. Paraguayan peso The peso was the currency of Paraguay between 1856 and 1944. It replaced the real at a rate of 8 reales = 1 peso. Until 1870, the peso was subdivided into 8 reales. Paraguay then decimalized, with 100 ""centésimos"" = 1 peso. The name of the subdivision was"
"per US$ - 5,628.1 (2017) 4,555.00 (2011), 6,158.47 (2005), 5,974.6 (2004), 6,424.34 (2003), 5,716.26 (2002), 4,105.92 (2001), 3,332.0 (January 2000), 3,119.1 (1999), 2,726.5 (1998), 2,177.9 (1997), 2,056.8 (1996), 1,963.0 (1995); note - since early 1998, the exchange rate has operated as a managed float; prior to that, the exchange rate was determined freely in the market Fiscal year: calendar year Economy of Paraguay Paraguay has a market economy highly dependent on agriculture products. In recent years, the economy has grown as a result of increased agricultural exports, especially soybeans. Paraguay has the economic advantages of a young population and vast"
"Polish Security Printing Works (Polska Wytwornia Papierow Wartosciowych). On December 22, 2016, new 20,000, 50,000 and 100,000 notes were introduced with upgraded security. The guaraní is currently one of the least valued currency unit in the Americas, 1 Euro being equivalent as of October, 2018, to 6,767 Guaranies (XE). In 2011, plans were released under which the Paraguayan guaraní would be revalued as the ""Nuevo guaraní"" (""New guaraní"") (PYN) at the rate of 1,000:1. From day 1 (currently unknown), there would be a conversion at the rate of 1,000 ₲ = 1 N₲ (""nuevo guaraní""). After a two-year transition period"
"US$3.4 billion, or roughly US$1,000 per capita, ranking Paraguay only ahead of Bolivia among the Spanish-speaking countries of South America. Paraguay was the most agricultural economy of South America, and that sector influenced the performance of virtually every other sector of the economy. The over dependence on agricultural economy and low tax collections deteriorated the already wide gap wealth distribution. The extreme poverty increased from 16% to 20% during 2001 to 2012, even as the economy grew. By 2013, it has a human development index of 0.669 which is even lower than Bolivia. The Paraguayan economic miracle of the 1970s"
"currency for each note of a foreign government held, as Ecuador currently does. Each currency typically has a main currency unit (the dollar, for example, or the euro) and a fractional unit, often defined as of the main unit: 100 cents = 1 dollar, 100 centimes = 1 franc, 100 pence = 1 pound, although units of or occasionally also occur. Some currencies do not have any smaller units at all, such as the Icelandic króna. Mauritania and Madagascar are the only remaining countries that do not use the decimal system; instead, the Mauritanian ouguiya is in theory divided into"
"Spanish for, ""PEACE AND JUSTICE""). While probably most prominent on the reverse of the national flag, the reverse of the seal is also used by the Supreme Court of Paraguay, and is featured alongside the obverse on banknotes of the national currency, the guaraní. The first design of the coat of arms dates to the year 1820, from the time of the dictatorship of Francia. Coat of arms of Paraguay The national coat of arms or national seal of Paraguay (""Escudo de Armas"") or (""Sello Nacional"") has the following construction: The obverse of the arms features a round white background"
"foreign official debt US$2154 million, close to parity. Fiscal surplus is provisionally reported as 0.5% of GDP in 2006 and 2007. Paraguay's economy (GDP) grew 5,8% in 2008, fastest growing sector being agriculture with 10,5% growth Paraguay produces enough basic food to be largely self-sufficient. Corn, cassava, and wheat are the main food crops for local consumption. The global surge in grain prices 2007/2008 was a major impulse for the agricultural sector. Wheat cultivation expanded, so did rice. Most significant was the increase of soy production. In 2004 Paraguay had about 1.6 million hectares dedicated to genetically modified (GM) crops."
"are particularly vital, accounting for 35 percent of total export revenues in 2003. Other agricultural cash crops include cotton, sugarcane, cassava, sunflowers, wheat, and corn. Other significant exports include feed, meat, edible oils, electricity, wood, and leather. Even as Paraguayan export revenue has fluctuated, Brazil remained Paraguay's principal export destination (27.8 percent in 2004), followed by Uruguay (15.9 percent), Italy (7.1 percent), Switzerland (5.6 percent), Argentina (4.3 percent), and the Netherlands (4.2 percent). In 2003 nearly 60 percent of Paraguayan exports went to Mercosur countries. Paraguay had a negative trade balance of about US$400 million in 2004. Higher earnings from"
"Most of Paraguay's trade takes place with Uruguay, Brazil and Argentina. In 2002 Paraguay conducted more than US$400 million in trade with Argentina and nearly US$800 million with Brazil. Paraguay is also a member of the Inter-American Development Bank, Latin American Integration Association, and Latin American Economic System and a signatory to the agreement creating the South American Community of Nations. In 2004 Paraguay signed an energy cooperation agreement with Venezuela to purchase oil and petroleum. Venezuela agreed to concessional financing that allowed Paraguay to pay over a 15-year period at a nominal interest rate. Imports totaled US$3.3 billion in"
"Argentine peso The peso (established as the ""peso convertible"") is the currency of Argentina, identified by the symbol $ preceding the amount in the same way as many countries using dollar currencies. It is subdivided into 100 ""centavos"". Its ISO 4217 code is ARS. Since the late 20th century, the Argentine peso has experienced a substantial rate of devaluation, reaching 25% in 2017. The official exchange rate for the United States dollar hovered around 3:1 from 2002 to 2008, climbing to 6:1 between 2009 and 2013. By August 2018, the rate had risen to 40:1. Amounts in earlier pesos were"
"The various monetary laws from July 12, 1945 on continued to define the monetary unit as the gold bolívar (""bolívar de oro"") of 290.323 mg pure gold. It was only October 30, 1974 that the monetary unit was defined simply as ""bolívar"", with no reference to gold. The bolívar was a very stable currency for a decade after 1964, but by the early 1980s it was in serious trouble. A peg to the US dollar at 14·50 bolívares did not halt the slide. Neither peg, nor crawling peg, nor managed float could keep the bolívar exchange rate under control. It"
"soybeans and cotton could not offset the surge in imported consumer goods and petroleum products. After years of negative balances, Paraguay achieved a positive balance of payments totaling US$234 million in 2003. In 2004, however, the current account had an estimated deficit of US$35.1 million. Paraguay has a sustainable debt level according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). External debt totaled about US$3.4 billion in 2004, low compared to most Latin American countries. Continued reductions in Paraguay's debt to gross domestic product ratio are expected in coming years. Paraguay paid US$412 million in debt service to the IMF in 2004."
"the unit of currency is the pataca, which is currently pegged to the Hong Kong dollar at a rate of HK$1 = MOP1.03. The name pataca is a Portuguese word which was applied to the Mexican dollars that were the main circulating coin in the wider region in the second half of the 19th century. In 1894, the pataca was introduced in both Macau and Portuguese Timor as a unit of account for the Mexican dollar and the other silver dollar coins in circulation. However, the pataca was not the official currency when it was first enacted. In 1901, it"
"unionize and bargain collectively. About 15 percent of workers are members of one of Paraguay's 1,600 unions. Strikes are legal and not uncommon. The 2001 census found that 5 percent of Paraguay's workforce was under the age of 14. Although Paraguay ratified the International Labour Organization's Minimum Age Convention in 2004, child labour continues to be prevalent. Nearly 14 percent of children between the ages of 5 and 17 are employed, many in poor conditions and for negligible pay. The government has mandated a minimum wage of approximately US$158 per month for private-sector employees. Government employees have no minimum wage."
"papayas. The industry – from automobiles, steel and petrochemicals to computers, aircraft and consumer durables – accounted for 30.8% of the gross domestic product. Industry is highly concentrated in metropolitan São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Campinas, Porto Alegre, and Belo Horizonte. Brazil has become the fourth largest car market in the world. Major export products include aircraft, electrical equipment, automobiles, ethanol, textiles, footwear, iron ore, steel, coffee, orange juice, soybeans and corned beef. In total, Brazil ranks 23rd worldwide in value of exports. Brazil pegged its currency, the real, to the U.S. dollar in 1994. However, after the East Asian"
"of commerce was 20.2%, and that of other services, including government, 38.4%. Industry's part (including mining and construction) was about 20%. After years of economic crisis, between 1999 and 2002, the Paraguayan economy grew at between 2.9 and 4.1% per year from 2003 to 2006. For 2007, the estimated growth is about 6.4%. Inflation in 2007 reached 6.0%. Most enterprises are small, micro and individual ones, including subsistence jobs like street vendors. Only 4% of the Paraguayan labor force works in companies with more than 50 employees. In June 2007 external foreign exchange reserves amounted to US$2153 million, and the"
"foreign exchange market, the peso ended the trading session at ₱54.13. It has since recovered to ₱52 as of November 2018. Philippine peso The Philippine peso, also referred to by its Filipino name piso ( , , plural pesos; ; sign: ₱; code: PHP), is the official currency of the Philippines. It is subdivided into 100 centavos or ""sentimos"" in Filipino. As a former colony of the United States, the country used English on its currency, with the word ""peso"" appearing on notes and coinage until 1967. Since the adoption of the usage of the Filipino language on banknotes and"
"issued by Banco Nacional of Buenos Aires for Provincia Oriental (""Eastern Province"", i.e., Uruguay). All parties to the conflict used the Spanish dollar (Spanish ""peso"", Portuguese "" patacão""), which circulated with a value of 8 Spanish reales or 960 Brazilian reis. Circulation consisted of coins from mints in Mexico, Potosí, Brazil, and Buenos Aires. During the turbulent period of conflict preceding independence, a considerable amount of poor-quality copper coin from both Buenos Aires and Brazil came into circulation. Peso (Patacón) = 8 Reales = 800 Centésimos de real (centavos) Onza de oro = 16 Pesos In 1828, Uruguay's currency was"
"as German and Afrikaans. Some have suggested that the Peruvian unit of currency, the ""sol"", is derived from ""solidus"", but the standard unit of Peruvian currency was the ""real"" until 1863. Throughout the Spanish world the dollar equivalent was 8 reales (""pieces of eight""), which circulated legally in the United States until 1857. We hear echoes of that time in the expression ""two bits"" for a quarter dollar, and the ""real"" was last used for accounting in the US stock market, which traded in 1/8 dollars until 2001. The Peruvian ""sol"" was introduced at a rate of 5.25 per British"
"coat of arms represents the independence of Paraguay. The emblem on the reverse side is the seal of the treasury: a yellow lion below a red Phrygian cap on the top of a pole (symbolising courage) and the words ""Paz y Justicia"" (""Peace and Justice""). The differences in the obverse and reverse sides comes from the period when José de Francia was in power (1814–1840). On July 15, 2013, the flag was revised. The coat of arms was simplified and the design was brought closer to its original form. Flag of Paraguay The flag of Paraguay () was first adopted"
"the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas in 1993, successive governments have continued to devalue the currency to lower the accumulated domestic debt in real terms, which in December 2005 reached ₱4.02 trillion. Based on the current price of gold, the Philippine peso has now lost 99% of its original 1903–1949 value. As of September, 2015, it takes ₱1,390.87 to equal the intrinsic purchasing power parity of the 1903–1949 Philippine Commonwealth peso, as per its legal definition: 12.9 grains of pure gold (or 0.026875 XAU). The smallest currency unit is called centavo in English (from Spanish ""centavo""). Following the adoption of the"
"It is used for tourist traffic. Paraguay's railroads operate on a standard 1.435-meter gauge. The total length of rail in Paraguay is . of that is standard gauge at . Another is narrow gauge at , and of the total railway is privately owned. Paraguay has of inland waterways. The Paraguay and Paraná are the country's two main rivers. The Paraguay River, with headwaters at Mato Grosso, Brazil, flows southward, converging with the Paraná in southwestern Paraguay, and then flowing to the Río de la Plata estuary in Argentina, the entrance for the great majority of ships servicing Paraguay's ports."
"Uruguayan peso Uruguayan peso () has been a name of the Uruguayan currency since Uruguay's settlement by Europeans. The present currency, the ""peso uruguayo"" (ISO 4217 code: ""UYU"") was adopted in 1993 and is subdivided into 100 ""centésimos"". There are no ""centésimo"" coins currently in circulation. Uruguay obtained monetary stability in 1896, based on the gold standard. This favorable state of affairs ended after World War I. An unsettled period followed. Economic difficulties after World War II produced inflation, which became serious after 1964 and continued into the 1970s. The peso was replaced on 1 July 1975 by the ""nuevo"
"inflation continued and no coins were issued. Despite the exchange rate, such was the low value of the old kwanza that the smallest denomination of banknote issued was 1000 kwanzas reajustados. Other notes were 5,000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 kwanzas. In 1999, a second currency was introduced simply called the kwanza. It replaced the kwanza reajustado at a rate of 1,000,000 to 1. Unlike the first kwanza, this currency is subdivided into 100 ""cêntimos"". The introduction of this currency saw the reintroduction of coins. Although it suffered early on from high inflation, its value has now stabilized."
"below that symbolic threshold. The exchange rate as of September 2015 was BRL 4.05 to US$1.00, however it has since been in a gradual recovery period, reaching 3.0 BRL per US dollar by February 2017. Along with the first series of currency, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10 and 50 centavos and 1 real; the 25 centavos piece soon followed. All were struck in stainless steel. The original 1-real coins, produced only in 1994, were withdrawn from circulation on 23 December 2003; all other coins remain legal tender. In 1998, a second series of coins was introduced."
"Paraguayan units of measurement A number of units of measurement were used in Paraguay to measure quantities including length, mass, area, capacity, etc. Metric system had been optional since 1890, and adopted since 1899 in Paraguay. Spanish system was used before metric system. A number of units were used to measure length. According to legal equivalents, one vara (old) was 0.838 56 m. One cuerda or One cordel was 83 1/3 vara or 69.88 m, according to legal equivalents. One vara was 0.866 m, according to legal equivalents. Some other units and their legal equivalents are given below: 1 pulgada"
"a minimalist role in the economy through most of the postwar era, curtailing import tariffs and maintaining a realistic exchange rate. In the 1980s, however, Paraguay's exchange rate became overvalued and several state-owned heavy industry plants became operational. In the late 1980s, the major subsectors of manufacturing were food, beverages, and tobacco; textiles, clothing, leather, and shoes; wood and related products; and chemicals, petroleum, and plastics. Despite some increases in heavy industry in the economy during the 1970s and 1980s, Paraguayan industry was generally small-scale. Manufacturing production remained focused on consumer goods, and capital goods comprised under 5 percent of"
"Brazilian real The Brazilian real (, pl. ; sign: R$; code: BRL) is the official currency of Brazil. It is subdivided into 100 centavos. The Central Bank of Brazil is the central bank and the issuing authority. The dollar-like sign (cifrão) in the currency's symbol (both historic and modern), and in all the other past Brazilian currencies, is officially written with two vertical strokes () rather than one. However, Unicode considers the difference to be only a matter of font design, and does not have a separate code for the two-stroked version. As of April 2016, the real is the"