"the Pennines (often called ""the backbone of England"") continues into the Yorkshire Dales, a limestone-dominated area of broad valleys and moorland. The Yorkshire Three Peaks are some of the highest summits in the area, which became a national park in 1954. The Yorkshire Dales end at Skipton, and a short distance to the south is a range of moors that rises up between the urban cores of Greater Manchester and West Yorkshire. The range has no continuous name - the western part as far as Blackburn is called the West Pennine Moors, the eastern part north of the A646 (including"
"cities like Manchester and Leeds, nor the majority of Yorkshire. Northern England is not a homogenous unit, and some have entirely rejected the idea that the North exists as a coherent entity, claiming that considerable cultural differences across the area overwhelm any similarities. Through the North of England run the Pennines, an upland chain, often referred to as ""the backbone of England"", which stretches from the Tyne Gap to the Peak District. Other uplands in the North include the Lake District with England's highest mountains, the Cheviot Hills adjoining the border with Scotland, and the North York Moors near the"
"in Scotland. Pennines The Pennines , also known as the Pennine Chain or Pennine Hills, are a range of mountains and hills in England separating North West England from Yorkshire and North East England. Often described as the ""backbone of England"", the Pennine Hills form a more-or-less continuous range stretching northwards from the Peak District in the northern Midlands, through the South Pennines, Yorkshire Dales and North Pennines up to the Tyne Gap, which separates the range from the Cheviot Hills. Some definitions of the Pennines also include the Cheviot Hills while excluding the southern Peak District. South of the"
"Pennines The Pennines , also known as the Pennine Chain or Pennine Hills, are a range of mountains and hills in England separating North West England from Yorkshire and North East England. Often described as the ""backbone of England"", the Pennine Hills form a more-or-less continuous range stretching northwards from the Peak District in the northern Midlands, through the South Pennines, Yorkshire Dales and North Pennines up to the Tyne Gap, which separates the range from the Cheviot Hills. Some definitions of the Pennines also include the Cheviot Hills while excluding the southern Peak District. South of the Aire Gap"
"Exmoor are two upland areas in the south-west of the country. The approximate dividing line between terrain types is often indicated by the Tees-Exe line. In geological terms, the Pennines, known as the ""backbone of England"", are the oldest range of mountains in the country, originating from the end of the Paleozoic Era around 300 million years ago. Their geological composition includes, among others, sandstone and limestone, and also coal. There are karst landscapes in calcite areas such as parts of Yorkshire and Derbyshire. The Pennine landscape is high moorland in upland areas, indented by fertile valleys of the region's"
"corner of this entry, providing a list of all notable eras within the history of England."" Line 9, Celts and Britons [""known by?""]: Wood, Michael. ""The Story of England"". 2011, Penguin Books: London. Celts, page 6, Britons, page 20. (Recommend entire book is read.) History of England England became inhabited more than 800,000 years ago, as the discovery of stone tools and footprints at Happisburgh in Norfolk has revealed. The earliest evidence for early modern humans in North West Europe, a jawbone discovered in Devon at Kents Cavern in 1927, was re-dated in 2011 to between 41,000 and 44,000 years"
"Back of the Wight Back of the Wight is an area on the Isle of Wight in England. The area has a distinct historical and social background and geographically isolated by the chalk hills immediately to the North and until recently , poor transport infrastructure. Primarily agricultural, the Back of the Wight is made up of small villages spread out along the coast, including Brighstone, Shorwell and Mottistone. The geographical boundaries of the Back of the Wight are imprecise and vary according to interpretation, however roughly speaking it comprises all the land located South of the Downs and East of"
"- the Aire Valley or Airedale. However, an alternative suggestion of the word ""Holme"", in old Viking Danelaw, would be that of reclaimed marshland (or an ""island"" in a wet area) and Den or Denu, in Old English, means Valley. This would also make sense given the areas many springs, marshy terrain and being situated in a valley. Denholme is also on the eastern flank of the Pennines, commonly known as the ""backbone of England"", about midway along their length. The village sits astride the old Roman Road from Manchester (Mamucium or Mancunium) to Ilkley (Olicana) though there is no"
"History of England England became inhabited more than 800,000 years ago, as the discovery of stone tools and footprints at Happisburgh in Norfolk has revealed. The earliest evidence for early modern humans in North West Europe, a jawbone discovered in Devon at Kents Cavern in 1927, was re-dated in 2011 to between 41,000 and 44,000 years old. Continuous human habitation in England dates to around 13,000 years ago (see Creswellian), at the end of the last glacial period. The region has numerous remains from the Mesolithic, Neolithic, and Bronze Age, such as Stonehenge and Avebury. In the Iron Age, England,"
"leave the European Union during the 2016 European Union membership referendum. Members of the Countryside Alliance may be considered to be typical of Middle England, while members of the Women's Institute have been described as ""the backbone of Middle England"". Other demographic personas associated with Middle England include ""Mondeo Man"" (a term attributed to Tony Blair which describes a middle-class floating voter who owns a Ford Mondeo); ""Worcester woman"" (a provincial voter with little actual political awareness); ""Essex Man"" (an aspirational lower-middle-class voter from Essex); and ""Pebbledash people"" (a term coined by ICM Research to describe married white collar couples"
"as the crow flies. The traversal of the length of England is sometimes used to define charitable events such as walks and cycle-rides. A variant is the ""Four Points Challenge"", to walk to each of the four extremities of England and return to the starting point. The location of the northernmost point of England has varied historically, dependent upon the location of England's northern border. The Kingdom of England emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in the early 10th century, with the Humber and Ribble rivers on its northernmost border. The Kingdom of Northumbria was unified with Anglo-Saxon England in the"
"deeper or there was no chalk in the proximity. The southeast of England consists of rock strata that is more recent than most of Great Britain. It consists of a large denuded anticline, an anticline that has been eroded away leaving a series of escarpments separated by low lying vales, The Cretaceous ridges are known as the North Downs and South Downs. The Downs have been cut through, with the Medway Valley being the most prominent. The Hoo peninsula is a Eocene (Thanet sands) ridge. The London basin is an Eocene structure composed of London Clay. All this solid geology"
"– the lowland areas of the south, east, and midlands and the more rugged and upland areas of the north and west. East Anglia is the lowest area of England, having no high hills or mountains and hosting an area of the Fens, the lowest area of England. The highest area of England is the North West, which contains England's highest hills and mountains, including its highest – Scafell Pike. In England, a mountain is officially defined as land over 600 metres, so most fall in Northern England. Some hill and mountain chains in England are: The main English islands"
"Southern England Southern England, or the South of England, also known as the South, refers roughly to the southern counties of England. The extent of this area can take a number of different interpretations depending on the context, including geographical, cultural, political and economic. Geographically, the extent of the south of England may vary from the southern quarter (below the M4/Northern M25), via one-third of the country (excluding central England), to the southern half, bordering northern England. The South is often considered a principal cultural area of England, along with the Midlands and Northern England. Many consider the area to"
"Pennines. The majority of the rest of England and Wales north of the Variscan Front are considered to constitute the Avalon Composite Terrane. Central to this composite terrane is the triangular-shaped Midlands Microcraton; within it, the north-south aligned Malvern Line (or 'Malvern Lineament') divides the Wrekin Terrane in the west from the Charnwood Terrane in the east. The Isle of Anglesey and parts of the Lleyn peninsula are deemed to be composed of numerous micro-terranes, known collectively as the Rosslare - Monian Terranes. Northern England is characterised by a series of fault-bound blocks separated by sedimentary basins whose origin can"
"Northern England Northern England, also known as the North of England or simply the North, is the northern part of England, considered as a single cultural area. It extends from the Scottish border in the north to near the River Trent in the south, although precise definitions of its southern extent vary. Northern England approximately comprises three statistical regions: the North East, North West and Yorkshire and the Humber. These have a combined population of around 14.9 million as of the 2011 Census and an area of 37,331 km (14,414 sq mi). Northern England contains much of England's national parkland"
"country and is often indicative of trends across wider culture in England, such as in clothing and music. Different sports directly represent the different social classes within England. Rugby league, for instance, was traditionally associated with the old mill towns of north-west England, whereas cricket and rugby union have their origins in the private schools of the 18th and 19th centuries respectively. The English use as their national flag the red cross of St George. St George's Day is marked as the day of the patron saint, and is also celebrated as the day of the birth and death of"
"Geology of Cornwall The geology of Cornwall, England, is dominated by its granite backbone, part of the Cornubian batholith, formed during the Variscan orogeny. Around this is an extensive metamorphic aureole (known locally as killas) formed in the mainly Devonian slates that make up most of the rest of the county. There is an area of sandstone and shale of Carboniferous age in the north east, and the Lizard peninsula is formed of a rare section of uplifted oceanic crust. Cornwall forms the tip of the south-west peninsula of the island Great Britain, and is therefore exposed to the full"
"sea Point farthest from high tide mark (including tidal rivers) Centre of a rectangle enclosing precisely all of England and Wales Centre of England For centuries the parish of Meriden to the west of Coventry has claimed to be the geographical centre of England, and there has been a stone cross there commemorating the claim for at least 500 years. The justification is that the point farthest from the sea is in the parish. Morton, Derbyshire also claims to be the centre of England as it is not only midway along England's longest north-south axis, but also midway between the"
"North West and Yorkshire and the Humber. This is not to say that the south is uniformly wealthy; some of the worst pockets of deprivation can be found in London, especially inner London, while Hastings and Bexhill-on-Sea, on the south coast, are also subject to urgent regeneration efforts. """"This island is made mainly of coal and surrounded by fish. Only an organising genius could produce a shortage of coal and fish at the same time.""""<br> Aneurin Bevan, ""From a speech in Blackpool, 25 May 1945"" Economic geography of the United Kingdom The economic geography of the United Kingdom reflects its"
"is the Thames, which is in length. There are many lakes in England; the largest is Windermere, within the aptly named Lake District. Most of England's landscape consists of low hills and plains, with upland and mountainous terrain in the north and west of the country. The northern uplands include the Pennines, a chain of uplands dividing east and west, the Lake District mountains in Cumbria, and the Cheviot Hills, straddling the border between England and Scotland. The highest point in England, at , is Scafell Pike in the Lake District. The Shropshire Hills are near Wales while Dartmoor and"
"of Natural Beauty, have been a popular location for filming period films and television programmes over the years. Gloucester Cathedral has been particularly popular. Cotswolds The Cotswolds ( , ) is an area in south central England containing the Cotswold Hills, a range of rolling hills which rise from the meadows of the upper Thames to an escarpment, known as the Cotswold Edge, above the Severn Valley and Evesham Vale. The area is defined by the bedrock of Jurassic limestone that creates a type of grassland habitat rare in the UK and that is quarried for the golden coloured Cotswold"
"Geology of England The geology of England is mainly sedimentary. The youngest rocks are in the south east around London, progressing in age in a north westerly direction. The Tees-Exe line marks the division between younger, softer and low-lying rocks in the south east and the generally older and harder rocks of the north and west which give rise to higher relief in those regions. The geology of England is recognisable in the landscape of its counties, the building materials of its towns and its regional extractive industries. The bedrock consists of many layers formed over vast periods of time."
"William Shakespeare. In 1198, King Richard the Lionheart introduced the coat of arms of England, depicting three lions. The three lions form the basis of several emblems of English national sports teams, such as the England national football team, and the English national cricket team (though in blue rather than gold). The English oak and the Tudor rose are also English symbols; a modernised version of the rose is used by the England national rugby union team. England has no official anthem; however, the United Kingdom's ""God Save the Queen"" is commonly used. Other songs are sometimes used, including ""Land"
"a modern England we all know and some us do not care about, the England of ""desirable residences within easy reach of the railway station"", and ""on gravel soil,"" not forgetting ""with fine views""; and the sport if the ""sport"" of syndicates. But as the railway line is left behind the country grows wilder, and the Downs are again approached; the rough lanes twine and tumble in and over the spurs and valleys that run up the dominating heights of Walbury and Inkpen. On one such rise stands the church of East Woodhay, well above that village. The grey, ivy-covered"
"the south-west, is smaller (Brown Willy: ), and is perhaps best known for the Beast of Bodmin Moor. Like Dartmoor, it is a granite plateau, whereas Exmoor is Old Red Sandstone. Mountains and hills of England The mountains and hills of England comprise very different kinds of terrain, from a mountain range which reaches almost high, to several smaller areas of lower mountains, foothills and sea cliffs. Most of the major upland areas have been designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) or national parks. The highest and most extensive areas are in the north and west (including south-west),"
"arms of Normandy. England does not have an official designated national anthem, as the United Kingdom as a whole has ""God Save the Queen"". However, the following are often considered unofficial English national anthems: ""Jerusalem"", ""Land of Hope and Glory"" (used for England during the 2002 Commonwealth Games), and ""I Vow to Thee, My Country"". England's National Day is 23 April which is St George's Day: St George is the patron saint of England. England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west."
"England. The main settlements are Aylesbury, Milton Keynes, Northampton, Corby, Kettering, Wellingborough, Rushden, Bedford and Luton. A report in 2002 found that: ""The most successful economies are those of Milton Keynes and Northampton. Bedford, Corby and the Luton/Dunstable/Houghton Regis area are in need of regeneration."" South Midlands The South Midlands is a notional area of England, (as distinct from the formally designated Regions of England). According to one definition, it is the southern portion of the East Midlands Region (Northamptonshire, south Leicestershire and Rutland) together with the northern portion of the South East England Region (north Buckinghamshire and the Borough"
"Mountains and hills of England The mountains and hills of England comprise very different kinds of terrain, from a mountain range which reaches almost high, to several smaller areas of lower mountains, foothills and sea cliffs. Most of the major upland areas have been designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) or national parks. The highest and most extensive areas are in the north and west (including south-west), while the south-east and east of the country tend to be low-lying. The Lake District is near the coast and is famous for collecting precious gems. The North of England includes"
"alongside parts of Fitzrovia, Marylebone, Edgware Road, Paddington and Bayswater. The Cities of London and Westminster seat contains the two historical centres of the capital. The City of London is an international financial centre - while Westminster, home to the Houses of Parliament, Whitehall and Downing Street, represents Britain's political and cultural heart. The seat includes iconic landmarks such as Buckingham Palace and St Paul's Cathedral, the West End's Theatreland and Soho. Some of the country's wealthiest residents live in exclusive Mayfair, Belgravia and Knightsbridge. Less than half the population was born in the UK - a fifth hail from"
"in the modern name for its eastern region, East Anglia. Anglia and England both mean ""land of the Angles"", a Germanic people originating in the north German peninsula of Angeln, that is, the region of today's Lower Saxony that joins the Jutland Peninsula and thus forms an angle, so the Romans named it ""Angulus"". It is also often used incorrectly to refer to ""British"" in historical and other contexts after the Acts of Union 1707, for example such as in the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824, where in later years agreement was between the British government and the Dutch, not an"
"South West England, which is the 4th strongest region in England, Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly (combined into a NUTS:3 region for statistical purposes) is the weakest area in England, with a GDP per capita of €18 645 per capita, or 79% of the EU average of €21 503. The British Chambers of Commerce Quarterly Economic Survey has information on how the economy of each region has performed since 1989. Economy of England The economy of England is the largest economy of the four countries of the United Kingdom. England is a highly industrialised country. It is an important"
"who live in semi-detached houses covered in pebbledash). Middle England The phrase ""Middle England"" is a socio-political term which generally refers to middle class or lower-middle class people in England who hold traditional conservative or right-wing views. The origins of the term ""Middle England"" are not known. Writer Ian Hislop found evidence of the British Prime Minister Lord Salisbury's using the term in 1882, but it did not gain popularity at the time. Modern popular usage of the phrase has been attributed to Margaret Thatcher who, according to the historian David Cannadine, introduced the expression into political phraseology by adopting"