"detailing various athlete sanctions specified that Menchov had been banned (for a period of two years) until 9 April 2015 due to adverse biological passport findings. Due to this, he has been disqualified from the 2009, 2010 and 2012 Tours de France. In May 2011, newspaper ""l'Equipe"" published a list of cyclists and an index that indicated the suspicion for doping use. 2010 Tour de France The 2010 Tour de France was the 97th edition of the Tour de France cycle race, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It started on with an 8.9 km prologue time trial in Rotterdam, the"
"L'Équipe L'Équipe (, French for ""the team"") is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sport, owned by Éditions Philippe Amaury. The paper is noted for coverage of association football , rugby, motorsport and cycling. Its predecessor was ""L'Auto"", a general sports paper whose name reflected not any narrow interest but the excitement of the time in car racing. ""L'Auto"" originated the Tour de France cycling stage race in 1903 as a circulation booster. The race leader's yellow jersey (French: ""maillot jaune"") was instituted in 1919, probably to reflect the distinctive yellow newsprint on which ""L'Auto"" was published. The competition"
"station, where he worked for the rest of his life. 1903 Tour de France The 1903 Tour de France was the first cycling race set up and sponsored by the newspaper ', ancestor of the current daily, '. It ran from 1 to 19 July in six stages over , and was won by Maurice Garin. The race was invented to boost the circulation of ', after its circulation started to plummet from competition with the long-standing '. Originally scheduled to start in June, the race was postponed one month, and the prize money was increased, after a disappointing level"
"a rival candidate to run the Tour: a consortium of the magazines ""Sports"" and ""Miroir Sprint"". Each organised a candidate race. ""L'Équipe"" and ""Le Parisien Libéré"" had ""La Course du Tour de France"", (""The Race of the Tour de France"" – as close as they dared come to calling the race by its original name), and ""Sports"" and ""Miroir Sprint"" had ""La Ronde de France"". Both were five-stage races, the longest the government would allow because of shortages. From 10 July to 14 July 1946, the Ronde de France was organized. The cyclists were divided in commercial teams, but the"
"1903 Tour de France The 1903 Tour de France was the first cycling race set up and sponsored by the newspaper ', ancestor of the current daily, '. It ran from 1 to 19 July in six stages over , and was won by Maurice Garin. The race was invented to boost the circulation of ', after its circulation started to plummet from competition with the long-standing '. Originally scheduled to start in June, the race was postponed one month, and the prize money was increased, after a disappointing level of applications from competitors. The 1903 Tour de France was"
"floor of the paper's offices in the rue du Faubourg-Montmartre in Paris, a 26-year-old cycling and rugby writer called Géo Lefèvre suggested a race round France, bigger than any other paper could rival and akin to six-day races on the track. The Tour de France proved a success for the newspaper; circulation leapt from 25,000 before the 1903 Tour to 65,000 after it; in 1908 the race boosted circulation past a quarter of a million, and during the 1923 Tour it was selling 500,000 copies a day. The record circulation claimed by Desgrange was 854,000, achieved during the 1933 Tour."
"modern French society. France's largest sports paper, ""Le Vélo"", mixed sports coverage with political comment. Its editor, Pierre Giffard, believed Dreyfus innocent and said so, leading to acrid disagreement with his main advertisers. Among them were the automobile-maker the Comte de Dion and the industrialists Adolphe Clément and Édouard Michelin. Frustrated at Giffard's politics, they planned a rival paper. The editor was a prominent racing cyclist, Henri Desgrange, who had published a book of cycling tactics and training and was working as a publicity writer for Clément. Desgrange was a strong character but lacked confidence, so much doubting the Tour"
"and Garin took French nationality 21 December 1901. In 1902 Garin won Bordeaux–Paris, a race of 500 km from south-west France. The Tour de France began to promote a new daily sports newspaper, ""L'Auto"" ahead of the largest paper in France, ""Le Vélo"", which sold 80,000 copies a day. Some of ""Le Vélo"" 's advertisers had disagreed with the paper's support for Alfred Dreyfus, a soldier found guilty of selling secrets to the Germans but eventually acquitted after being sent to Devil's Island. The Tour was to promote their new rival paper, ""L'Auto"". The editor, Henri Desgrange, planned a five-week"
"he covered was the Tour de France, which since 1947 had been organised by Jacques Goddet as editor of the daily sports paper, ""L'Équipe"". ""L'Équipe"" found the organisation demanding and expensive and came to a deal in 1962 with the owner of ""Parisien Libéré"", Émilion Amaury, to sponsor the Tour. In exchange, Lévitan, would become deputy organiser. Before long Lévitan became co-organiser. He began a drive to recruit as many sponsors as he could, sometimes accepting prizes in kind if he could not get cash. 1976 first prize included a seaside apartment given by the businessman Guy Merlin, sometimes with"
"Le Vélo Le Vélo was the leading French sports newspaper from its inception on 1 December 1892 until it ceased publication in 1904. Mixing sports reporting with news and political comment, it achieved a circulation of 80,000 copies a day. Its use of sporting events as promotional tools led to the creation of the Paris–Roubaix cycle race in 1896, and the popularisation of the Bordeaux–Paris cycle race during the 1890s. Its demise was a consequence of the creation of the Tour de France by ""L'Auto"", a rival newspaper that had been founded in 1900 from the intense animosity generated by"
"not only by ""Le Petit Journal"" but ""L'Auto-Velo"", edited by Henri Desgrange. For the first time, professionals were segregated from the ""touriste-routier"" group (in which a 65-year-old finished in just over 200 hours). The newspapers organized a telegraph system to relay results to their Paris presses, and the public followed the exploits of Maurice Garin, who won in just over 52 hours over 112 other professionals. So many newspapers were sold that Géo Lefèvre at L'Auto suggested an even bigger race, the Tour de France. Under Henri Desgrange's leadership, the first Tour happened in 1903. The next Paris-Brest was in"
"name to ""L'Auto"" it in turn created the Tour de France race in 1903 to boost falling circulation. In 1900 de Dion led a group of wealthy anti-Dreyfusards including Édouard Michelin to start a rival daily sports paper, ""L'Auto-Velo"". De Dion and Michelin were particularly concerned with ""Le Vélo"" – which reported more than cycling – because its financial backer was one of their commercial rivals, the Darracq company. De Dion believed that ""Le Vélo"" gave Darracq too much attention and him too little. De Dion was an outspoken man who already wrote columns for ""Le Figaro"", ""Le Matin"" and"
"Jacques Goddet Jacques Goddet (Paris, 21 June 1905 – Paris, 15 December 2000) was a French sports journalist and director of the Tour de France road cycling race from 1936 to 1986. His father, Victor Goddet, was co-founder and finance director of ""L'Auto"", the newspaper that organised the first Tour in 1903. When Jacques Goddet had ended his studies in 1931, he became editor-in-chief of ""L'Auto"". He covered the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. In 1924 Jacques Goddet went to work for his father's paper in the rue du faubourg-Montmartre, Paris. Four years later he followed his first Tour"
"with three each. The race was created in 1947 by newspaper ""Le Dauphiné libéré"" to promote its circulation. After World War II, as cycling recovered from a universal five- or six-year hiatus, the Grenoble-based newspaper decided to create and organize a cycling stage race covering the Dauphiné region. The race was named after the newspaper and set in June, prior to the Tour de France. Polish rider Edouard Klabinski won the inaugural edition. Because of its mountainous route and date on the calendar, the race served as preparation for the Tour de France by French cyclists. French cycling icons Jean"
"By 1903, in a bid to stem falling circulation, ""L'Auto"" launched the initial Tour de France, and the success of the race boosted its circulation, to the detriment of ""Le Velo"". In 1904 ""Le Vélo"" ceased its activities and ""L'Auto"" eventually transmogrified into ""L'Équipe"" in 1944. Le Vélo Le Vélo was the leading French sports newspaper from its inception on 1 December 1892 until it ceased publication in 1904. Mixing sports reporting with news and political comment, it achieved a circulation of 80,000 copies a day. Its use of sporting events as promotional tools led to the creation of the"
"if sometimes he could appear hard, he was always just in his judgements"". Jacques Goddet Jacques Goddet (Paris, 21 June 1905 – Paris, 15 December 2000) was a French sports journalist and director of the Tour de France road cycling race from 1936 to 1986. His father, Victor Goddet, was co-founder and finance director of ""L'Auto"", the newspaper that organised the first Tour in 1903. When Jacques Goddet had ended his studies in 1931, he became editor-in-chief of ""L'Auto"". He covered the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. In 1924 Jacques Goddet went to work for his father's paper in"
"a bomb killed the editor-in-chief of Agence France Presse at his apartment in Paris. An anonymous caller told a local radio station: ""We have just blasted the home of Cabanes of ""Le Parisien Libéré""."" Bernard Cabanes was unconnected with the dispute; police believed the bomb was intended for the newspaper's editor, another journalist of the same name. Printers denied involvement. The dispute lasted 29 months. The Tour de France cycle race began in 1903 to promote the newspaper, ""L'Auto"". The paper was among those closed at Liberation, its property sequestrated by the state. Its editor, Jacques Goddet, had compiled a"
"on a diet that included a lot of strawberries. British riders took the first four places. Le Véloce-sport Le Véloce-sport was a leading French cycling periodical that was founded in Bordeaux in 1885. It was the organiser and publicist of the first running of the Bordeaux–Paris cycle race in 1891. The ""Véloce-sport"" quickly published various guides for bicycle touring. One can read for example in 1889 a guide for a tour between Aude and Pyrénées-Orientales in southern France, from Quillan to Caudiès-de-Fenouillèdes. Even though the landscape is said to be quite picturesque, it is also very often specified that the"
"He also wrote for Midi Libre for 40 years and for the magazines, ""Miroir du Cyclisme"" and ""Miroir Sprint"" before becoming editor of the monthly, ""Le Cycle"". In 2005 he collaborated in ""Le tour de France pour la liberté de la presse"", a book from which the profits supported the cause of press freedom around the world. The Tour de France was suspended during the second world war and restarted in 1947. The pre-war organiser, Jacques Goddet, was still the organiser but his former employer, L'Auto, had been closed after the war for collaboration with the Germans. Goddet started a"
"Amaury Sport Organisation The Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO) is part of the French media group, EPA (Éditions Philippe Amaury). It organises sporting events including the Tour de France, Vuelta a España and Paris–Nice professional cycle road races, and the Dakar Rally. In 2008 it organised the Central Europe Rally, a rally raid endurance race in Romania and Hungary. The Tour de France was instituted by the newspaper ""L'Auto"" in 1903. The paper was closed after the 1939-45 War because of its links with the occupying Germans and a new paper, L'Équipe, took over. ""L'Équipe"" (now part of EPA) organised the"
"attributed to him by the celestial handicapper"". In the heat of southern France, he adopted khaki shorts and shirt, knee-length socks and a pith helmet. The finances of ""L'Équipe"" were rarely sound and in May 1965 Goddet accepted a merger with a company run by the publisher Émilien Amaury, with whom he had earlier made his successful bid to relaunch the Tour de France. Amaury's condition was that his own cycling reporter, Félix Lévitan, should share organisation of the Tour. Lévitan slowly took over from Goddet, especially in the arrangements for sponsorship and finance. He and Goddet were business partners"
"bears even assuming they reached the summits alive. Desgrange feigned illness and stayed away, leaving the race to his deputy, Victor Breyer. Promotion of the Tour de France proved a great success for the newspaper. Circulation leapt from 25,000 before the Tour to 65,000 after it. In 1908, the race boosted circulation past a quarter of a million, and during the 1923 Tour, it was selling 500,000 copies a day. The record circulation claimed by Desgrange was 854,000, achieved during the 1933 Tour. Lefèvre, whose idea it had been and who had reported the first race while travelling by bicycle"
"dossier to show how much his paper had contributed privately to the Resistance even if its public stance had favoured the Germans. Émilien Amaury was among his supporters. Goddet was forbidden to use the name ""L'Auto"", judged to give an unfair advantage over rival sports papers. The new paper took the name ""L'Équipe"" instead. It applied successfully to organise the Tour de France. ""L'Équipe's"" finances were never secure and in 1968 Amaury bought an interest but maintained Goddet as editor. Amaury's condition was that his own cycling reporter, Félix Lévitan, should share organisation of the Tour. Lévitan slowly took over"
"be rerun in 1904, by which time ' had been forced out of business. After the Dreyfus affair separated advertisers from the newspaper ', a new newspaper ' was founded in 1900, with former cyclist Henri Desgrange as editor. After being forced to change the name of the newspaper to "" in 1903, Desgrange needed something to keep the cycling fans; with circulation at 20,000, he could not afford to lose them. When Desgrange and young employee Géo Lefèvre were returning from the Marseille–Paris cycling race, Lefèvre suggested holding a race around France, similar to the popular six-day races on"
"started later, so they would end after Paris-Soir had to print their newspapers. The Paris-Soir sports editor had countered this by starting his own race, the Grand Prix des Nations, run as an ITT. The first edition in 1932 was not received well by the cyclists, but from 1933 on it was a success. The tour director Henri Desgrange saw the success of the French cyclists in the Grand Prix des Nations, and adapted the individual time trial format in the Tour. Not all cyclists were happy with the ITT. René Vietto, a climber, said it was a dull test"
"been on the Champs-Élysées in Paris; from 1903 to 1967 the race finished at the Parc des Princes stadium in western Paris and from 1968 to 1974 at the Piste Municipale south of the capital. Feliz Levitan, race organizer in the 1980s, was keen to host stages in the United States, but these proposals have never been developed. The following editions of the Tour started, or are planned to start, outside France: The Tour was first followed only by journalists from ""L'Auto"", the organisers. The race was founded to increase sales of a floundering newspaper and its editor, Desgrange, saw"
"had been convicted of selling secrets to the Germans. In 1900 Clément-Bayard was one of the leading ""anti-Dreyfusard"" industrialists, along with comté Jules-Albert de Dion, who cancelled all advertising in the ""Drefusard"" newspaper ""Le Vélo"" and started a rival daily sports paper, ""L'Auto-Velo"". The roots of both the Tour de France cycle race and L'Équipe newspaper, result from Clément's hostile ""anti-Dreyfusard"" stance. The Dreyfus affair was eventually concluded with the official exoneration of Dreyfus (as an innocent person who had been framed). With the end of official inquiries it may be said that Clément-Bayard and de Dion had been wrong"
"football team won the World Cup. It sold 1,645,907 copies. The second best was on 3 July 2000 after France won the European Football Championship and the paper sold 1,255,633 copies. L'Équipe L'Équipe (, French for ""the team"") is a French nationwide daily newspaper devoted to sport, owned by Éditions Philippe Amaury. The paper is noted for coverage of association football , rugby, motorsport and cycling. Its predecessor was ""L'Auto"", a general sports paper whose name reflected not any narrow interest but the excitement of the time in car racing. ""L'Auto"" originated the Tour de France cycling stage race in"
"the ""Dreyfus affair"". ""Le Vélo"" was easily recognised by the green-tinted newsprint on which it was published, so ""L'Auto"" (née ""L'Auto-Vélo"") was distinguished by a yellow tint, and thus the 'Yellow Jersey' worn by the leader of the 'Tour de France'. Pierre Giffard was a French journalist, a pioneer of modern political reporting, a newspaper publisher and a prolific sports organizer. In 1896, he joined his colleague Paul Rousseau at the head of ""Le Vélo"", where he wrote under the name ""Arator"". ""Le Vélo"" was widely considered to be the premier sports newspaper produced in France. He had been a"
"at home on the Mediterranean coast on 16 August 1940. The race was taken over by his deputy, Jacques Goddet. The Tour was again disrupted by War after 1939, and did not return until 1947. In 1944, ""L'Auto"" was closed – its doors nailed shut – and its belongings, including the Tour, sequestrated by the state for publishing articles too close to the Germans. Rights to the Tour were therefore owned by the government. Jacques Goddet was allowed to publish another daily sports paper, ""L'Équipe"", but there was a rival candidate to run the Tour: a consortium of ""Sports"" and"
"with founding the Tour de France in 1903 but the idea came from one of his journalists, Géo Lefèvre, who said he blurted out the idea because he felt under pressure to say something at a crisis meeting held at the newspaper's headquarters at 10 rue faubourg Montmartre to resolve its poor circulation. Desgrange looked at the third man present, Georges Prade, and then back to his young journalist. ""If I understand you right, petit Géo, what you are proposing is a Tour de France"", he said. The words had been used for other sporting events but never for cycling."
"Tour de France and Paris–Roubaix bicycle races, the Paris–Dakar Rally, the Paris Marathon and the Open de France golf tournament. In 1998, the group launched the L'Équipe television channel as an extension to the newspaper L'Équipe. EPA formerly owned ""le Parisien, ""a local newspaper in greater Paris, as well as its national edition, ""Aujourd'hui en France"". LVMH acquired the papers in 2015. Éditions Philippe Amaury Éditions Philippe Amaury (EPA), also known as Groupe EPA or the Amaury Group, is a French media group founded by Philippe Amaury, whose widow Marie-Odile Amaury owns a majority of the company. In partnership with"
"and wears the yellow jersey. While the general classification garners the most attention, there are other contests held within the Tour: the points classification for the sprinters, the mountains classification for the climbers, young rider classification for riders under the age of 26, and the team classification for the fastest teams. Achieving a stage win also provides prestige, often accomplished by a team's cycling sprinter specialist. The Tour de France was created in 1903. The roots of the Tour de France trace back to the emergence of two rival sports newspapers in the country. On one hand was ""Le Vélo"","