"Random House Troubled Sleep Troubled Sleep () is a 1949 novel by Jean-Paul Sartre. The book was originally translated as ""Iron in the Soul"". It is the third part in the trilogy ""Les chemins de la liberté"" (""The Roads to Freedom""). ""The third novel in Sartre's monumental Roads to Freedom series, ""Troubled Sleep"" powerfully depicts the fall of France in 1940, and the anguished feelings of a group of Frenchmen whose pre-war apathy gives way to a consciousness of the dignity of individual resistance - to the German occupation and to fate in general - and solidarity with people similarly"
"The Age of Unreason The Age of Unreason is a series of four novels written by Gregory Keyes: Its title is a reference to Thomas Paine's treatise ""The Age of Reason"". The story spans the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, with the action moving between England and France, later involving Russia, Austria, the Republic of Venice, and North America. The author makes use of pseudosciences (scientific alchemy instead of our physics) that were popular at the time: using affinity and aether, for example. Some historical characters appear in important roles: Isaac Newton, Voltaire, Benjamin Franklin, Cotton Mather, King Louis"
"The Age of Reason The Age of Reason; Being an Investigation of True and Fabulous Theology is a work by English and American political activist Thomas Paine, arguing for the philosophical position of Deism. It follows in the tradition of eighteenth-century British deism, and challenges institutionalized religion and the legitimacy of the Bible. It was published in three parts in 1794, 1795, and 1807. It was a best-seller in the United States, where it caused a short-lived deistic revival. British audiences, fearing increased political radicalism as a result of the French Revolution, received it with more hostility. ""The Age of"
"The Age of Anxiety The Age of Anxiety: A Baroque Eclogue (1947; first UK edition, 1948) is a long poem in six parts by W. H. Auden, written mostly in a modern version of Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. The poem deals, in eclogue form, with man's quest to find substance and identity in a shifting and increasingly industrialized world. Set in a wartime bar in New York City, Auden uses four characters – Quant, Malin, Rosetta, and Emble – to explore and develop his themes. The poem won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1948. It inspired a symphony by composer"
"dark time, we shall require an age of reason"". His ends with the claim that ""in a time ... when both rights and reason are under several kinds of open and covert attack, the life and writing of Thomas Paine will always be part of the arsenal on which we shall need to depend."" The Age of Reason The Age of Reason; Being an Investigation of True and Fabulous Theology is a work by English and American political activist Thomas Paine, arguing for the philosophical position of Deism. It follows in the tradition of eighteenth-century British deism, and challenges institutionalized"
"XIV of France, Emperor Peter the Great of Russia, King Charles XII of Sweden, and Edward Teach, better known as the pirate Blackbeard. The Age of Unreason The Age of Unreason is a series of four novels written by Gregory Keyes: Its title is a reference to Thomas Paine's treatise ""The Age of Reason"". The story spans the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century, with the action moving between England and France, later involving Russia, Austria, the Republic of Venice, and North America. The author makes use of pseudosciences (scientific alchemy instead of our physics) that were popular at the"
"the Age of Reason and the Lumières, one approach is to compare Thomas Hobbes with John Locke. Hobbes, who lived for three quarters of the 17th century, had worked to create an ontology of human emotions, ultimately trying to make order out of an inherently chaotic universe. In the alternate, Locke saw in Nature a source of unity and universal rights, with the State's assurance of protection. This ""culture revolution"" over the 17th and 18th centuries was a battle between these two viewpoints of the relationship between Man and Nature. This resulted, in France, in the spread of the notion"
"The Life of Reason The Life of Reason: The Phases of Human Progress is a book published in five volumes from 1905 to 1906, by Spanish-born American philosopher George Santayana (1863–1952). It consists of ""Reason in Common Sense"", ""Reason in Society"", ""Reason in Religion"", ""Reason in Art"", and ""Reason in Science"". The work is considered to be the most complete expression of Santayana's moral philosophy; by contrast, his later ""magnum opus"", the four-volume ""The Realms of Being"", more fully develops his metaphysical and epistemological theory, particularly his doctrine of essences. Santayana's philosophy is strongly influenced by the materialism of Democritus"
"the extended essay ""L'existentialisme est un humanisme"" (""Existentialism is a Form of Humanism""). In April 1938, Sartre’s first novel ""Nausea"" was published. Three months later in July, he wrote to Simone de Beauvoir, “I have all at once found the subject of my [next] novel, its proportions and its title... The subject is freedom.” Originally it was to be titled “Lucifer,” and written in two parts - “La Revolte” and “Le Serment” (The Oath). In the autumn of 1938, Sartre began writing the novel that was to become ""The Age of Reason,"" and continued working on the novel on and"
"Robert Louis Stevenson Robert Louis Stevenson (13 November 1850 – 3 December 1894) was a Scottish novelist, poet, essayist, musician and travel writer. His most famous works are ""Treasure Island"", ""Kidnapped"", ""Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde"", and ""A Child's Garden of Verses"". He was a literary celebrity during his lifetime, and now ranks as the 26th most translated author in the world. His works have been admired by many other writers, including Jorge Luis Borges, Bertolt Brecht, Marcel Proust, Arthur Conan Doyle, Henry James, Cesare Pavese, Emilio Salgari, Ernest Hemingway, Rudyard Kipling, Jack London, Vladimir Nabokov, J."
"unable to complete the series. ""The first novel, ""L’âge de raison"" (1945; The Age of Reason), centers on philosophy student Mathieu Delarue’s uncertainty over whether to devote himself to his pregnant mistress or to his political party. The second volume, ""Le sursis"" (1945, ""The Reprieve""), explores the ramifications of the appeasement pact that Great Britain and France signed with Nazi Germany in 1938. In the third book, ""La mort dans l’âme"" (1949; ""Troubled Sleep,"" published in Great Britain as ""Iron in the Soul""), Delarue ends his indecisiveness by attempting to defend a village under attack from the Germans. Although he"
"Ruth Nanda Anshen Ruth Nanda Anshen (June 14, 1900 – December 2, 2003) was an American philosopher, author and editor. She was the author of several books including ""The Anatomy of Evil"", ""Biography of An Idea"", ""Morals Equals Manners"" and ""The Mystery of Consciousness: A Prescription for Human Survival"". Anshen was born on June 14, 1900 in Lynn, Massachusetts to Jewish Russian immigrants. She studied at Boston University under Alfred North Whitehead. During her education, she developed a desire to unite scholars from all over the world from varying fields. In 1941, she put together the Science of Culture Series,"
"was a popular perception among the ""philosophes"", who adopted deistic attitudes to varying degrees. Deism greatly influenced the thought of intellectuals and Founding Fathers, including John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, perhaps George Washington and, especially, Thomas Jefferson. The most articulate exponent was Thomas Paine, whose ""The Age of Reason"" was written in France in the early 1790s, and soon reached the United States. Paine was highly controversial; when Jefferson was attacked for his deism in the 1800 election, Democratic-Republican politicians took pains to distance their candidate from Paine. Unitarianism and Deism were strongly connected, the former being brought to America by"
"and skills play an important role in the development of the story. Gregory Keyes Gregory Keyes is an American writer of science fiction and fantasy who has written both original and media-related novels under both the names J. Gregory Keyes and Greg Keyes. Keyes was born in Meridian, Mississippi, as John Gregory Keyes. He received degrees in anthropology from Mississippi State University and the University of Georgia before becoming a full-time writer. He is famous for his tetralogy ""The Age of Unreason"", a steampunk/alchemical story featuring Benjamin Franklin and Isaac Newton. He wrote the Babylon 5 ""Psi Corps"" trilogy, a"
"assumption that humans are necessarily superior to animals, noting that mammalian mothers in the wild recognize and nurture their offspring as do human mothers. Editions Commentary Lucretius Titus Lucretius Carus (; 15 October 99 BC – c. 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the philosophical poem ""De rerum natura"", a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, and which is usually translated into English as ""On the Nature of Things"". Lucretius has been credited with originating the concept of the three-age system which was formalised from 1834 by C. J. Thomsen."
"Aldous Huxley Aldous Leonard Huxley (26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer, novelist, philosopher, and prominent member of the Huxley family. He graduated from Balliol College, Oxford with a first-class honours degree in English literature. The author of nearly fifty books, Huxley was best known for his novels (among them ""Brave New World"", set in a dystopian future); for nonfiction works, such as ""The Doors of Perception"", in which he recalls his experiences taking psychedelic drugs; and for his wide-ranging essays. Early in his career, Huxley published short stories and poetry, and edited the literary magazine"
"varying degrees, especially since the 1920s. Louis-Ferdinand Céline's ""Journey to the End of the Night"" (Voyage au bout de la nuit, 1932) celebrated by both Sartre and Beauvoir, contained many of the themes that would be found in later existential literature, and is in some ways, the proto-existential novel. Jean-Paul Sartre's 1938 novel ""Nausea"" was ""steeped in Existential ideas"", and is considered an accessible way of grasping his philosophical stance. Between 1900 and 1960, other authors such as Albert Camus, Franz Kafka, Rainer Maria Rilke, T.S. Eliot, Herman Hesse, Luigi Pirandello, Ralph Ellison, and Jack Kerouac, composed literature or poetry"
"An Essay Concerning Human Understanding An Essay Concerning Human Understanding is a work by John Locke concerning the foundation of human knowledge and understanding. It first appeared in 1689 (although dated 1690) with the printed title An Essay Concerning Humane Understanding. He describes the mind at birth as a blank slate (""tabula rasa"", although he did not use those actual words) filled later through experience. The essay was one of the principal sources of empiricism in modern philosophy, and influenced many enlightenment philosophers, such as David Hume and George Berkeley. Book I of the ""Essay"" is Locke's attempt to refute"
"Gregory Keyes Gregory Keyes is an American writer of science fiction and fantasy who has written both original and media-related novels under both the names J. Gregory Keyes and Greg Keyes. Keyes was born in Meridian, Mississippi, as John Gregory Keyes. He received degrees in anthropology from Mississippi State University and the University of Georgia before becoming a full-time writer. He is famous for his tetralogy ""The Age of Unreason"", a steampunk/alchemical story featuring Benjamin Franklin and Isaac Newton. He wrote the Babylon 5 ""Psi Corps"" trilogy, a history of the Psi Corps and a biography of Psi Corps member"
"Nausea (novel) Nausea () is a philosophical novel by the existentialist philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre, published in 1938. It is Sartre's first novel and, in his opinion, one of his best works. The novel takes place in 'Bouville' (literally, 'Mud town') a town similar to Le Havre, and it concerns a dejected historian, who becomes convinced that inanimate objects and situations encroach on his ability to define himself, on his intellectual and spiritual freedom, evoking in the protagonist a sense of nausea. French writer Simone de Beauvoir, Sartre's lifelong partner, argues that ""La Nausée"" grants consciousness a remarkable independence and gives"
"plagues and desolation throughout the world."" Thomas Paine, a Deistic American political theorist and pamphleteer, wrote in his three-part work ""The Age of Reason"" (published in 1794, 1795, and 1807), ""The study of theology, as it stands in Christian churches, is the study of nothing; it is founded on nothing; it rests on no principles; it proceeds by no authorities; it has no data; it can demonstrate nothing; and it admits of no conclusion. Not anything can be studied as a science, without our being in possession of the principles upon which it is founded; and as this is the"
"declared seditious in Britain and he was forced to flee to France in order to avoid arrest. Dismayed by the French revolution's turn toward secularism and atheism, he composed Part I of ""The Age of Reason"" in 1792 and 1793: Although Paine wrote ""The Age of Reason"" for the French, he dedicated it to his ""Fellow Citizens of the United States of America"", alluding to his bond with the American revolutionaries. It is unclear when exactly Paine drafted Part I although he says in the preface to Part II: According to Paine scholars Edward Davidson and William Scheick, he probably"
"Lucretius Titus Lucretius Carus (; 15 October 99 BC – c. 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. His only known work is the philosophical poem ""De rerum natura"", a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, and which is usually translated into English as ""On the Nature of Things"". Lucretius has been credited with originating the concept of the three-age system which was formalised from 1834 by C. J. Thomsen. Very little is known about Lucretius's life; the only certain fact is that he was either a friend or client of Gaius Memmius, to whom the"
"Thomas Paine's reputation in American intellectual history, which had decreased after the publication of ""The Age of Reason"" published during 1794-95. Paine postulated that men, not God, had written the Bible, and Ingersoll included this work in his lectures on freethinking. As the only freethinker of his time with a wide audience outside of the unbelieving circle, he reintroduced Paine's ideas to a new generation. Ingersoll died from congestive heart failure at the age of 65. Soon after his death, his brother-in-law, Clinton P. Farrell, collected copies of Ingersoll's speeches for publication. The 12-volume ""Dresden Editions"" kept interest in Ingersoll's"
"Henry David Thoreau Henry David Thoreau (see name pronunciation; July 12, 1817 – May 6, 1862) was an American essayist, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, and historian. A leading transcendentalist, Thoreau is best known for his book ""Walden"", a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings, and his essay ""Civil Disobedience"" (originally published as ""Resistance to Civil Government""), an argument for disobedience to an unjust state. Thoreau's books, articles, essays, journals, and poetry amount to more than 20 volumes. Among his lasting contributions are his writings on natural history and philosophy, in which he anticipated the"
"that effect could be deduced from cause; Hume argued that it could not and from this inferred that nothing at all could be known ""a priori"" in relation to cause and effect. Kant (1724–1804), who was brought up under the auspices of rationalism, was deeply disturbed by Hume's skepticism. ""Kant tells us that David Hume awakened him from his dogmatic slumbers."" Kant decided to find an answer and spent at least twelve years thinking about the subject. Although the ""Critique of Pure Reason"" was set down in written form in just four to five months, while Kant was also lecturing"
"An Age An Age (published in the United States as Cryptozoic!) is a 1967 science fiction novel written by English writer Brian Aldiss. The book, set principally in 2093, combines the popular science fiction themes of time travel, totalitarian dystopia, and the untapped potential of the human mind. It was nominated for a Ditmar Award in 1969 in the ""Best International Science Fiction of any length, or collection"" category. The future society described in the novel has developed a form of psychological time travel called ""mind travel"" by which, with the aid of the psychoactive drug CSD (no explanation of"
"Robert Nozick Robert Nozick (; November 16, 1938 – January 23, 2002) was an American philosopher. He held the Joseph Pellegrino University Professorship at Harvard University, and was president of the American Philosophical Association. He is best known for his books ""Philosophical Explanations"" (1981), which included his counterfactual theory of knowledge, and ""Anarchy, State, and Utopia"" (1974), a libertarian answer to John Rawls' ""A Theory of Justice"" (1971), in which Nozick also presented his own theory of utopia as one in which people can freely choose the rules of the society they enter into. His other work involved ethics, decision"
"""at some time"". While Avicenna (980-1037) often relied on deductive reasoning in philosophy, he used a different approach in medicine. Ibn Sina contributed inventively to the development of inductive logic, which he used to pioneer the idea of a syndrome. In his medical writings, Avicenna was the first to describe the methods of agreement, difference and concomitant variation which are critical to inductive logic and the scientific method. Ibn Hazm (994-1064) wrote the ""Scope of Logic"", in which he stressed on the importance of sense perception as a source of knowledge. Al-Ghazali (Algazel) (1058–1111) had an important influence on the"
"particularly drawn to Hume's description of religion as ""a positive source of harm to society"" that ""led men to be factious, ambitious and intolerant"". More of an influence on Paine than Hume was Spinoza's ""Tractatus Theologico-politicus"" (1678). Paine would have been exposed to Spinoza's ideas through the works of other eighteenth-century deists, most notably Conyers Middleton. Though these larger philosophical traditions are clear influences on ""The Age of Reason"", Paine owes the greatest intellectual debt to the English deists of the early eighteenth century, such as Peter Annet. John Toland had argued for the use of reason in interpreting scripture,"
"systems and structures of profit and greed"". In 2017 he was one of three recipients awarded the Seán MacBride Peace Prize ""for his tireless commitment to peace, his strong critiques to U.S. foreign policy, and his anti-imperialism"". Noam Chomsky Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, political activist, and social critic. Sometimes called ""the father of modern linguistics"", Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science. He holds a joint appointment as Institute Professor Emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of"
"Times"" notable book, and short-listed for the Royal Society Science Book Prize; The Grand Design, co-authored with Stephen Hawking, which argues that invoking God is not necessary to explain the origins of the universe; ""War of the Worldviews"", co-authored with Deepak Chopra; and ""Subliminal: How Your Unconscious Mind Rules Your Behavior"", which won the 2013 PEN/E.O. Wilson Award for Literary Science Writing. He is also known through his public lectures and media appearances on programs ranging from ""Morning Joe"" to ""Through the Wormhole"", and for debating Deepak Chopra on ABC's ""Nightline"". Mlodinow was born in Chicago, Illinois, of parents who"
"published by Harper & Row, Credo Perspectives Series, published by Pocket Books/Simon & Schuster, The Perspectives in Humanism Series, published by World Publishing Company, The Tree of Life Series published by Seabury Press, and The Convergence Series published by Columbia University Press. Ruth Nanda Anshen Ruth Nanda Anshen (June 14, 1900 – December 2, 2003) was an American philosopher, author and editor. She was the author of several books including ""The Anatomy of Evil"", ""Biography of An Idea"", ""Morals Equals Manners"" and ""The Mystery of Consciousness: A Prescription for Human Survival"". Anshen was born on June 14, 1900 in Lynn,"