"hobby (""Falco subbuteo""), lapwing (""Vanellus vanellus""), curlew (""Numenius arquata""), green sandpiper (""Tringa ochropus""), Eurasian woodcock (""Scolopax rusticola""), common snipe (""Gallinago gallinago""), collared dove (""Streptopelia decaocto""), cuckoo (""Cuculus canorus""), long-eared owl (""Asio otus""), tawny owl (""Strix aluco""), common swift (""Apus apus""), hoopoe (""Upupa epops""), grey-headed woodpecker (""Picus canus""), European green woodpecker (""Picus viridis""), barn swallow (""Hirundo rustica""), house martin (""Delichon urbica""), tree pipit (""Anthus trivialis""), dunnock (""Prunella modularis""), redstart (""Phoenicurus phoenicurus""), wheatear (""Oenanthe oenanthe""), redwing (""Turdus iliacus""), mistle thrush (""Turdus viscivorus""), sedge warbler (""Acrocephalus schoenobaenus""), aquatic warbler (""Acrocephalus paludicola""), reed warbler (""Acrocephalus scirpaceus""), icterine warbler (""Hippolais icterina""), lesser whitethroat (""Sylvia curruca""),"
"fulva""), greater hoopoe-lark (""Alaemon alaudipes""), greater short-toed lark (""Calandrella brachydactyla""), helmeted guineafowl (""Numida meleagris""), hottentot teal (""Anas hottentota""), lanner falcon (""Falco biarmicus""), lappet-faced vulture (""Torgos tracheliotus""), laughing dove (""Streptopelia senegalensis""), Lichtenstein's sandgrouse (""Pterocles lichtensteinii""), little owl (""Athene noctua""), northern wheatear (""Oenanthe oenanthe""), Nubian bustard (""Neotis Nuba""), pallid swift (""Apus pallidus""), pygmy sunbird (""Anthreptes platurus""), red-billed teal (""Anas erythrorhyncha""), rock dove (""Columba livia""), rock martin (""Ptyonoprogne fuligula""), rufous-tailed scrub robin (""Erythropygia galactotes""), Rüppell's warbler (""Sylvia rueppelli""), sand martin (""Riparia riparia""), southern grey shrike (""Lanius meridionalis""), spotted sandgrouse (""Pterocles senegallus""), striolated bunting (""Emberiza striolata""), subalpine warbler (""Sylvia cantillans""), Sudan golden sparrow (""Passer"
"Burma. As a vagrant it has occurred in Japan, Thailand, and Taiwan as well as to most of Europe west of its normal range. The scientific name comes from Latin. ""Turdus"" is ""thrush"" and the specific ""atrogularis"" is derived from ""ater"", ""black"", and ""gula"", ""throat"". Formerly considered conspecific with the red-throated thrush ""T. ruficollis"" but now considered a separate species. Black-throated thrush The black-throated thrush (""Turdus atrogularis"") is a passerine bird in the thrush family. It is sometimes regarded as one subspecies of a polytypic species, ""dark-throated thrush"", red-throated thrush then being the other subspecies. More recent treatments regard the"
"red throat. Females and young birds lack the bib, but have black-streaked underparts. This bird species is a very rare vagrant to western Europe. Red-throated thrush The red-throated thrush (""Turdus ruficollis"") is a passerine bird in the thrush family. It is sometimes regarded as one subspecies of a polytypic species, ""dark-throated thrush"", black-throated thrush then being the other subspecies. More recent treatments regard the two as separate species. The scientific name comes from Latin. ""Turdus"" is ""thrush"" and the specific ""ruficollis"" is derived from ""rufus', ""red"", and ""collum"", ""neck"". The red-throated thrush is a migratory Asian species. Its range overlaps"
"local names including ""guardabarranco"" (""ravine-guard"") in Nicaragua, Torogoz in El Salvador (based on its call) and ""pájaro reloj"" (""clock bird"") in the Yucatán, based on its habit of wagging its tail like a pendulum. In Costa Rica it is known as ""momoto cejiceleste"" or the far-less flattering ""pájaro bobo"" (""foolish bird""), owing to its tendency to allow humans to come very near it without flying away. Turquoise-browed motmot The turquoise-browed motmot (""Eumomota superciliosa"") is a colourful, medium-sized bird of the motmot family, Momotidae. It inhabits Central America from south-east Mexico (mostly the Yucatán Peninsula), to Costa Rica, where it is"
"Woodcock The woodcocks are a group of seven or eight very similar living species of wading birds in the genus Scolopax. The genus name is Latin for a snipe or woodcock, and until around 1800 was used to refer to a variety of waders. The English name was first recorded in about 1050. Only two woodcocks are widespread, the others being localized island endemics. Most are found in the Northern Hemisphere but a few range into the Greater Sundas, Wallacea and New Guinea. Their closest relatives are the typical snipes of the genus ""Gallinago"". As with many other sandpiper genera,"
"Woodcock The woodcocks are a group of seven or eight very similar living species of wading birds in the genus Scolopax. The genus name is Latin for a snipe or woodcock, and until around 1800 was used to refer to a variety of waders. The English name was first recorded in about 1050. Only two woodcocks are widespread, the others being localized island endemics. Most are found in the Northern Hemisphere but a few range into the Greater Sundas, Wallacea and New Guinea. Their closest relatives are the typical snipes of the genus ""Gallinago"". As with many other sandpiper genera,"
"temperate. This common and conspicuous species has given rise to a number of literary and cultural references, frequently related to its song. The common blackbird was described by Linnaeus in the 10th edition of his ""Systema Naturae"" in 1758 as ""Turdus merula"" (characterised as ""T. ater, rostro palpebrisque fulvis""). The binomial name derives from two Latin words, ""turdus"", ""thrush"", and ""merula"", ""blackbird"", the latter giving rise to its French name, ""merle"", and its Scots name, ""merl"". About 65 species of medium to large thrushes are in the genus ""Turdus"", characterised by rounded heads, longish, pointed wings, and usually melodious songs."
"Australian shelduck The Australian shelduck (""Tadorna tadornoides""), also known as the chestnut-breasted shelduck or mountain duck, is a shelduck part of the bird family Anatidae. The genus name ""Tadorna"" comes from Celtic roots and means ""pied waterfowl"". They are protected under the National Parks and Wildlife Act, 1974. Kukabrak (Ngarrindjeri) Yaraldi clan Mulbarapa would have known the Australian shelduck as their ngatji (totem) ""Nongkalalwori"" for millennia. William Jardine and Prideaux John Selby described the Australian shelduck in 1828. The males are mostly dark, with a chestnut breast. They have white neck collars and dark green heads. The females are similar,"
"Red-throated thrush The red-throated thrush (""Turdus ruficollis"") is a passerine bird in the thrush family. It is sometimes regarded as one subspecies of a polytypic species, ""dark-throated thrush"", black-throated thrush then being the other subspecies. More recent treatments regard the two as separate species. The scientific name comes from Latin. ""Turdus"" is ""thrush"" and the specific ""ruficollis"" is derived from ""rufus', ""red"", and ""collum"", ""neck"". The red-throated thrush is a migratory Asian species. Its range overlaps with the more westerly-breeding black-throated thrush. It is a large thrush with a plain grey back and reddish underwings. The adult male has a"
"""Circaetus gallicus"", ""Falco naumanni"", ""Falco eleonorae"", ""Falco peregrinus"", ""Falco biarmicus"" ""Aquila chrysaetos, Clamator glandarius, Melanocorypha calandra, Acrocephalus melanopogon, Phylloscopus bonelli, Sitta neumayer"",""Oriolus oriolus Corvus corax Emberiza hortulana, Emberiza caesia, Emberiza melanocephala, Lanius collurio, Hippolais olivetorum, Sylvia ruppeli, Saxicola rubetra"". Passage migrants include ""Nycticorax nycticorax"", ""Ardeola ralloides"", ""Ardea purpurea"", ""Plegadis falcinellus"", ""Pandion haliaetus"", ""Falco vespertinus"", ""Milvus migrans"", ""Circus pygargus"", ""Hieraaetus pennatus"", ""Himantopus himantopus"", ""Glareola pratincola"", ""Calidris temminckii"", ""Tringa stagnatilis"", ""Larus audouinii"", ""Gelochelidon nilotica"", ""Chlidonias leucopterus"", ""Chlidonias hybridus"", ""Coracias garrulus"", ""Anthus cervinus"", ""Plegadis falcinellus"", ""Oenanthe isabellina"" and ""Oenanthe pleschanka"". Vagrant birds (many from nearby Turkey) include ""Circus macrourus, Charadrius leschenaultii, Apus affinis,"
"Norfolk thrush The Norfolk thrush (""Turdus poliocephalus poliocephalus""), also known as the grey-headed blackbird or guava bird, was a bird in the thrush family endemic to Norfolk Island, an Australian territory in the Tasman Sea. It is the extinct nominate subspecies of the island thrush (""Turdus poliocephalus""). The Norfolk thrush was mainly dark brown in colour, with a pale grey-brown head and upper breast. It was about 21 cm in length, with a wingspan of 34 cm and a weight of 55 g. It had a yellow bill, orbital ring and legs. Males and females were similar in size and"
"Watercock The watercock (""Gallicrex cinerea"") is a waterbird in the rail and crake family, Rallidae. It is the only member of the genus Gallicrex. Traditionally held to be closely related to moorhens (which the adult male visually closely resembles), it is actually member of a mostly tropical Asian clade containing also ""Aenigmatolimnas, Amaurornis, Himantornis"" and ""Megacrex"". Their breeding habitat is swamps across south Asia from India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka to south China, Korea, Japan, Philippines and Indonesia. They nest in a dry location on the ground in marsh vegetation, laying 3-6 eggs. These large rails are mainly permanent residents"
"winter it often forms flocks. The diet is typical of thrushes: fruit and invertebrates, especially insects. Reproduction resembles that of other ""Turdus"" species. The eggs are whitish with heavy red-brown markings. Rufous-backed thrush The rufous-backed thrush (""Turdus rufopalliatus"") is a songbird of the thrush family. It is endemic to the Pacific slope of Mexico. It is also known as the rufous-backed robin. This species resembles its widespread relative the American robin in general appearance, but is a bit smaller at long, with an average wingspan of and weight of . It is named for the adult's rufous or olive-rufous upper"
"genus ""Phragamaticola"" or ""Arundinax"", the oldest available genus name which has priority. Keyserling and Blasius gave no explanation of the genus name ""Iduna"". The specific ""aedon"" is from Latin ""aëdon"" or Ancient Greek ""aedon"" and means nightingale. In Greek mythology Aëdon was changed into a nightingale after killing her own son while attempting to murder one of the sons of her sister Niobe. Thick-billed warbler The thick-billed warbler (""Arundinax aedon)"" breeds in temperate east Asia. It is migratory, wintering in tropical South Asia and South-east Asia. It is a very rare vagrant to western Europe. This passerine bird is a"
"Ring ouzel The ring ouzel (""Turdus torquatus"") is a European member of the thrush family, Turdidae. It is the mountain equivalent of the closely related common blackbird, and breeds in gullies, rocky areas or scree slopes. ""Ouzel"" (or ""ousel"") is an old name for common blackbird from Old English ""osle"". ""Ouzel"" may also be applied to a group of superficially similar but unrelated birds, the dippers, the European representative of which is sometimes known as the water ouzel. As with the English name, the scientific name also refers to the male's obvious white neck crescent, being derived from the Latin"
"a combination of the Latin words ""rufus"" 'reddish-brown', and ""ater"" 'black'. Their placement in the genus ""Icterus"" has since been revised, and the two saddleback species are now in their own separate genus, ""Philesturnus"". This genus, created by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1832, comes from a portmanteau of two bird genera - ""Philemon"" (friarbirds) and ""Sturnus"" (starlings). Historically, there has been some uncertainty over the status of the North Island saddleback as its own species. North Island and South Island saddlebacks were formerly considered to be two subspecies of ""Philesturnus carunculatus"", with the North Island subspecies being designated ""P. c."
"Turtur afer, Turtur tympanistria, Trachyphonus purpuratus, Andropadus gracilirostis, Treron australis, Andropadus virens, Hylia prasina, Camaroptera brachyuran, Stephanoaetus corononatus, Gymnobucco calvus, Malimbus nitens, Pycnonotus barbatus, Psittacus erithacus Chalconitra adelbert, Francolinus albogularis,Centropus senegalensis, Turacus persa, Mesopicus pyrrhogaster, Ceratogymna atrata, Trachyponus purpuratus. Reptila Dendroaspis viridis, Atheris chloraechis, Naja melaleuca, Thelotornis kirtlandii, Python sebae Calabaria reinhardtii, Grayia smythii, Bitis nasicornis, Bitis gabonica, Varanus niloticus ornatus Osetelolanus tetraspis, Crocodilus niloticus, Kinixys homeana, Kinixys belliana, Kinixys erosa Pelonedusa subrufa, Pelusios casteneus. Primata Pan troglodytes versus, Colobus polykomos, Colobus versus, Colobus badius, Cercopithecus Diana, Cercopithecus petaurista, Cercopithecus toquatus, Cercopithecus mona, Perodicticus potto, Galago demidov. Artiodactyla Synecros caffer"
"(""Leopardus pardalis""), coatis, armadillos and southern tamandua (""Tamandua tetradactyla""). There are also Brazilian squirrel (""Sciurus aestuans""), tapeti (""Sylvilagus brasiliensis""), oncilla (""Leopardus tigrinus""), maned wolf (""Chrysocyon brachyurus""), cougar (""Puma concolor"") and buffy-tufted marmoset (""Callithrix aurita""). 78 species of birds have been identified from 30 families and 14 orders. Birds include drab-breasted bamboo tyrant (""Hemitriccus diops""), variable antshrike (""Thamnophilus caerulescens""), olivaceous woodcreeper (""Sittasomus griseicapillus""), blue dacnis (""Dacnis cayana""), blue manakin (""Chiroxiphia caudata""), robust woodpecker (""Campephilus robustus""), red-ruffed fruitcrow (""Pyroderus scutatus""), shrike-like laniisoma (""Laniisoma elegans""), saffron finch (""Sicalis flaveola""), wedge-tailed grass finch (""Emberizoides herbicola"") and yellow-faced siskin (""Spinus yarrellii""). The insect ""pachymeroceroides novabadensis"","
"or hide between stones. Broods of more than one female have been found to form a single foraging group. Tibetan snowcock The Tibetan snowcock (""Tetraogallus tibetanus"") is a bird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. This species is found in high-altitude regions of the Western Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau, where it overlaps in part with the larger Himalayan snowcock. The head is greyish and there is a white crescent patch behind the eye and underside is white with black stripes. In flight the secondaries show a broad white trailing edge. Smaller than Himalayan snowcock,"
"snowcock in that it does not have the drop in pitch at the end of the song shown by that species. The calls include loud cackles and bubbled ""buck-buck-buck-buck-burrrrrr"". Caspian snowcock The Caspian snowcock (""Tetraogallus caspius"") is a snowcock in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. It is found in the mountains of eastern Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan and throughout the Alborz Mountains of Northern Iran. It breeds at altitudes from on bare stony ground with some alpine scrub. It nests in a bare ground scrape and lays 6–9 greenish eggs, which are incubated only by the"
"American woodcock The American woodcock (""Scolopax minor""), sometimes colloquially referred to as the timberdoodle, is a small chunky shorebird species found primarily in the eastern half of North America. Woodcocks spend most of their time on the ground in brushy, young-forest habitats, where the birds' brown, black, and gray plumage provides excellent camouflage. Because of the male woodcock's unique, beautiful courtship flights, the bird is welcomed as a harbinger of spring in northern areas. It is also a popular game bird, with about 540,000 killed annually by some 133,000 hunters in the U.S. The American woodcock is the only species"
"a neat cup-shaped nest. Ring ouzel The ring ouzel (""Turdus torquatus"") is a European member of the thrush family, Turdidae. It is the mountain equivalent of the closely related common blackbird, and breeds in gullies, rocky areas or scree slopes. ""Ouzel"" (or ""ousel"") is an old name for common blackbird from Old English ""osle"". ""Ouzel"" may also be applied to a group of superficially similar but unrelated birds, the dippers, the European representative of which is sometimes known as the water ouzel. As with the English name, the scientific name also refers to the male's obvious white neck crescent, being"
"ibis (""Nipponia nippon""), brown mesite (""Mesitornis unicolor""), red-breasted coua (""serriana""), red-fronted coua (""reynaudii""), red owl (""Tyto soumagnei""), blue coua (""Coua caerulea""), collared nightjar (""Caprimulgus enarratus""), velvet asity (""Philepitta castanea""), sunbird asity (""Neodrepanis coruscans""), helmet vanga (""Euryceros prevostii""), yellow-bellied asity (""Neodrepanis hypoxantha""), short-legged ground roller (""Brachypteracias leptosomus""), scaly ground roller (""Brachypteracias squamiger""), pitta-like ground roller (""Atelornis pittoides""), rufous-headed ground roller (""Atelornis crossleyi""), Bernier's vanga (""Oriolia bernieri""), Pollen's vanga (""Xenopirostris polleni""), helmet vanga (""Euryceros prevostii""), nuthatch vanga (""Hypositta corallirostris""), dark newtonia (""Newtonia amphichroa""), red-tailed newtonia (""Newtonia fanovanae""), Ward's flycatcher (""Pseudobias wardi""), Crossley's babbler (""Mystacornis crossleyi""), brown emutail (""Bradypterus brunneus""), white-throated oxylabes (""Oxylabes"
"blackbirds, as well as by interbreeding with the latter species producing sterile offspring. Norfolk thrush The Norfolk thrush (""Turdus poliocephalus poliocephalus""), also known as the grey-headed blackbird or guava bird, was a bird in the thrush family endemic to Norfolk Island, an Australian territory in the Tasman Sea. It is the extinct nominate subspecies of the island thrush (""Turdus poliocephalus""). The Norfolk thrush was mainly dark brown in colour, with a pale grey-brown head and upper breast. It was about 21 cm in length, with a wingspan of 34 cm and a weight of 55 g. It had a yellow"
"include the European adder (""Vipera berus"") and grass snake (""Natrix natrix""). Multiple bird species include Bewick's swan (""Cygnus columbianus bewickii""), Eurasian bittern (""Botaurus stellaris""), Eurasian bullfinch (""Pyrrhula pyrrhula""), *Eurasian wigeon (""Anas penelope""), European starling (""Sturnus vulgaris""), gadwall (""Anas strepera""), grasshopper warbler (""Locustella naevia""), hen harrier (""Circus cyaneus""), house sparrow (""Passer domesticus""), linnet (""Carduelis cannabina""), marsh harrier (""Circus aeruginosus""), marsh tit (""Poecile palustris""), merlin (""Falco columbarius""), northern lapwing (""Vanellus vanellus""), peregrine (""Falco peregrinus""), reed bunting (""Emberiza schoeniclus""), short-eared owl (""Asio flammeus""), skylark (""Alauda arvensis""), song thrush (""Turdus philomelos""), teal (""Anas cracca""), willow tit (""Poecile montanus"") and yellowhammer (""Emberiza citrinella""). Mammalian species"
"are laid, and incubated for between thirty and thirty-three days. Australian shelduck The Australian shelduck (""Tadorna tadornoides""), also known as the chestnut-breasted shelduck or mountain duck, is a shelduck part of the bird family Anatidae. The genus name ""Tadorna"" comes from Celtic roots and means ""pied waterfowl"". They are protected under the National Parks and Wildlife Act, 1974. Kukabrak (Ngarrindjeri) Yaraldi clan Mulbarapa would have known the Australian shelduck as their ngatji (totem) ""Nongkalalwori"" for millennia. William Jardine and Prideaux John Selby described the Australian shelduck in 1828. The males are mostly dark, with a chestnut breast. They have white"
"Clay-colored thrush The clay-colored thrush (""Turdus grayi"") is a common Middle American bird of the thrush family (Turdidae). It is the national bird of Costa Rica, where it is well known as the yigüirro (Spanish: ). Other common names include clay-colored robin. It ranges from South Texas (where it is rapidly expanding its range) to northern Colombia; west and north of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. It is limited to the Atlantic slope, except for a population around Oaxaca City, Mexico that probably originates from escaped cage birds. In general appearance and habits it resembles other ""Turdus"" thrushes such as the"
"Tibetan snowcock The Tibetan snowcock (""Tetraogallus tibetanus"") is a bird in the pheasant family Phasianidae of the order Galliformes, gallinaceous birds. This species is found in high-altitude regions of the Western Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau, where it overlaps in part with the larger Himalayan snowcock. The head is greyish and there is a white crescent patch behind the eye and underside is white with black stripes. In flight the secondaries show a broad white trailing edge. Smaller than Himalayan snowcock, this species has a grey head and neck with a white patch behind the eye and above the dark"
"senator""), abejaruco (""Merops apiaster""), estornino (""Sturnus unicolor""), rabilargo (""Cyanopica cooki""), El petirrojo (""Erithacus rubecula""), el ruiseñor (""Luscinia megarhynchos""), el mirlo (""Turdus merula""), el verdecillo (""Serinus serinus""), el verderón (""Carduelis chloris""), el pardillo (""Carduelis cannabina""), and el zorzal (""Turdus spp.""). There are also some species for hunting, such as la perdiz (""Alectoris rufa""), la codorniz (""Coturnix coturnix""), la tórtola (""Streptopelia turtur"") and la paloma torcaz (""Columba palumbus""). Among the raptor birds are aguilucho ratonero (""Buteo buteo"") and al elanio azul (""Elanus caeruleus""). The municipality shelters, especially in protected zones, ardilla roja (""Sciurus vulgaris""), erizo europeo (""Erinaceus europaeus""), conejo (""Oryctolagus cuniculus""), liebre"
"Bimaculated lark The bimaculated lark (""Melanocorypha bimaculata"") breeds in warm temperate countries eastwards from Turkey into central Asia. It is the eastern counterpart of its relative, the calandra lark. The bimaculated lark was originally placed in the genus ""Alauda"". The current genus name, ""Melanocorypha"" is from Ancient Greek ""melas"", ""black"", and ""koruphos"" a term used by ancient writers for a now unknown bird, but here confused with ""korudos"", ""lark"". ""Bimaculate"" and the specific ""bimaculata"" are from New Latin ""bimaculatus"", ""two-spotted"". The alternate name calandra lark should not be confused with the species of the same name. The alternate name Eastern"
"words ""turdus"", ""thrush"", and ""torquatus"", ""collared"". The adult male is all black except for a white crescent on the breast and a yellowish bill. The wings have a silvery appearance due to white feather edgings. The male sings its loud and mournful song from trees or rocks. The female is similar but duller, and younger birds often lack the breast crescent. The juvenile has brown plumage. This species was first described by Linnaeus in his ""Systema naturae"" in 1758 under its current scientific name. It breeds in the higher regions of western and central Europe and also in the Caucasus"
"horned owl (""Bubo virginianus""), northern cardinal (""Cardinalis cardinalis""), northern flicker (""Colaptes auratus""), red-bellied woodpecker (""Melanerpes carolinus""), red-headed woodpecker (""Melanerpes erythrocephalus""), red-shouldered hawk (""Buteo lineatus""), red-tailed hawk (""Buteo jamaicensis""), red-winged blackbird (""Agelaius phoeniceus""), ruby-throated hummingbird (""Archilochus colubris""), sharp-shinned hawk (""Accipiter striatus""), starling (""Sturnus vulgaris""), summer tanager (""Piranga rubra""), Swainson’s thrush (""Catharus ustulatus""), white-throated sparrow (""Zanotrichia albicollis""), wood thrush (""Hylocichla mustelina""), yellow-bellied sapsucker (""Sphyrapicus varius""), Mammals Beaver (genus ""Castor""), bobcat (""Felis rufa""), common raccoon (""Procyon lotor""), coyote (""Canis latrans""), deer, feral hog, grey fox (""Urocyon cinereoagenteus""), muskrat (""Ondatra zibethicus""), north American river otter (""Lutra Canadensis""), red fox (""Vulpes fulva""), skunk, squirrel. Reptiles"