"Volgograd Volgograd (), formerly Tsaritsyn (), 1589–1925, and Stalingrad (), 1925–1961, is an important industrial city and the administrative centre of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. It lies on the western bank of the Volga River. The Battle of Stalingrad in World War II was one of the largest and bloodiest battles in the history of warfare. Known as the hero city locally, it is home to The Motherland Calls, an 85 meter statue dedicated to the heroes of the battle. The city also has many tourist attractions, such as museums, sandy beaches, and a self-propelled floating church. Population: Although the city"
"expanded. In 1924, it was renamed ""Stalino"", and in 1932 the city became the centre of the Donetsk region. Renamed Donetsk in 1961, the city today remains the centre for coal mining and steel industry. Since April 2014, Donetsk and its surrounding areas have been one of the major sites of fighting in the ongoing Donbass War, as pro-Russian separatist forces have battled against Ukrainian military forces for control of the city and surrounding areas. Through the majority of the course of this war, the city of Donetsk has been administered by the pro-Russian separatist forces, with outlying territories of"
"Tsaritsyno (Moscow Metro) Tsaritsyno () is a Moscow Metro station in Tsaritsyno District, Southern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Zamoskvoretskaya line, between Kantemirovskaya and Orekhovo stations. Tsaritsyno opened on 30 December 1984 as part of an extension but was closed the very next day because of flooding. It reopened on 9 February 1985. From its opening until November 1990, the station was named ""Lenino"" for the Lenino-Dachnoye region. The city renamed the station Tsaritsyno for Tsaritsyno Park, which houses a palace once owned by Catherine the Great. The station was designed by architects V. Cheremin and A. Vigdorov."
"of personality. On 9 November 1961, the city of Staline was renamed to Donetsk and the oblast followed suit. Exactly a year later, the city and oblast of Stanislaviv was renamed to Ivano-Frankivsk in honour of the Ukrainian writer and poet Ivan Franko. Following the death of Kliment Voroshilov in December 1969, the city and oblast of Luhansk once again became Voroshylovhrad on 5 January 1970. This arrangement would enter a stable phase right into the perestroika. On 4 May 1990 Voroshylovhrad would be once again reverted to Luhansk, along with the oblast. On 11 June 1991, the city of"
"1846, it was included in the Borchali uyezd of Tiflis Governorate. In 1935, during the Soviet rule, the settlement was renamed ""Kalinino"" after the Russian Bolshevik revolutionary leader Mikhail Kalinin and was called. In 1961, Kalinino was granted the statues of an urban-type settlement to become the centre of ""Kalinino raion"". In 1983, it was granted with the status of a town. With the independence of Armenia in 1991, the town was renamed Tashir after the historic Tashir canton of Gugark, and was eventually included within the Lori Province formed as per the 1995 administrative reforms of independent Armenia. Situated"
"got its first tram-line, and the city's first electric lights were installed in the city center. During the Russian Civil War of 1917–1923, Tsaritsyn came under Soviet control from November 1917. In 1918 White troops under the Ataman of the Don Cossack Host, Pyotr Krasnov, besieged Tsaritsyn. The Reds repulsed three assaults by the Whites. However, in June 1919 the White Armed Forces of South Russia under the command of General Denikin captured Tsaritsyn, which they held until January 1920. The fighting from July 1918 to January 1920 became known as the Battle for Tsaritsyn. The city was renamed Stalingrad"
"death of his son Leonid, he asked Stalin in a letter to release his imprisoned son Peter, but he was subsequently shot. Petrovsky died in 1958. Petrovsky's body is interred near the Kremlin wall in Moscow. The city Dnipro (originally named Yekaterinoslav) was named ""Dnipropetrovsk"" after Petrovsky from 1926 until 2016. On 20 May 2016 the city was renamed ""Dnipro"". Some Ukrainians believed that the city should have been renamed after Ukraine gained independence in 1991. The city was eventually renamed to comply with 2015 decommunization laws. Ukraine's Dnipropetrovsk oblast was not renamed because as such it is mentioned in"
"Tsaritsyno Palace Tsaritsyno () is a palace museum and park reserve in the south of Moscow. It was founded in 1776 by the order of Catherine the Great. The palace has lent its name to the surrounding district and the nearby metro station. The estate is known from the late 16th century, when it belonged to Tsaritsa Irina, sister of Tsar Boris Godunov. At that time it was called Bogorodskoye. In the 17th century it belonged to the Streshnevs and then to the Galitzines. In 1775, the estate was bought by empress Catherine the Great, who happened to be passing"
"Governorate; in 1719 to the Astrakhan Governorate. According to the census in 1720, the city had a population of 408 people. In 1773 the city became a provincial and district town. From 1779 it belonged to the Saratov Viceroyalty. In 1780 the city came under the newly-established Saratov Governorate. In the 19th century Tsaritsyn became an important river-port and commercial center. The population expanded rapidly, increasing from fewer than 3,000 people in 1807 to about 84,000 in 1900. The first railway reached the town in 1862. The first theatre opened in 1872, the first cinema in 1907. In 1913 Tsaritsyn"
"and then again after the October Revolution of 1917. The Bolsheviks did not regain control over northern Sakhalin until May 1925. Derbinskoye became the administrative center of Rykovsky District in 1928. The settlement was given its present name of November 15, 1949. Under Joseph Stalin, Tymovskoye was home to a prison camp of the gulag system. In 1950-1953, this particular camp was the base for forced labor used in the construction of a railway connecting the planned tunnel between Sakhalin and the Russian mainland with the existing Sakhalin rail network. In 1963, Tymovskoye was granted urban-type settlement status. Within the"
"For its first century of existence, Cherkessk was a ""stanitsa"", a village inside a Cossack host, which from 1825 to 1931 was named Batalpashinskaya stanitsa (Russian: ""Batalpašinskaja stanica"") and nicknamed Pashinka ( ""Pašinka"") In 1931, it was renamed Batalpashinsk ( ""Batałpašinsk""), and then in quick succession Sulimov ( ""Sulimov"") in 1934 for Daniil Sulimov, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR, and following Sulimov's execution in the Great Purge, Yezhovo-Cherkessk ( ""Ježovo-Čerkessk"") in 1937 for Nikolai Yezhov, head of the NKVD. With Yezhov's arrest, the initial ""Yezhovo-"" was dropped, and the city received its present name"
"to the city's wordy name, unofficially it is sometimes called simply Franyk (Франик) by its residents. Even though Ivano-Frankivsk is the officially accepted name, the city's original name has never been fully abandoned and/or forgotten and can be found throughout the city in all kinds of variations. The name of the city was altered several times through the centuries. It was founded as Stanisławów; but in 1772 transliteration changed to Stanislau, in 1919 to Stanislaviv and again to Stanisławów. In 1939 transliteration changed to Stanislav, in 1941 to Stanislau, in 1944 again to Stanislav. And finally, on November 9, 1962,"
"from 1525. The name of the town originates from certain Kolyaga, a land proprietor in the 15th century. In the 18th century, the area was included into Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Kalyazin was granted town rights and Kalyazinsky Uyezd was established. It was a part of newly established Tver Viceroyalty. In 1796, the Viceroyalty was abolished and transformed into Tver Governorate. Kalyazinsky Uyezd was abolished, but in 1803, it was re-established. On May 30, 1922, Kalyazinsky Uyezd was abolished and merged into Kashinsky Uyezd. On October 3, 1927, Kashinsky Uyezd itself was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Kimrsky Uyezds."
"It frequently was a residence of Russian Tsars, for instance, Pavel I grew up in Gatchina, and Alexander III lived almost exclusively there. On November 20, 1918 Tsarskoye Selo was renamed Detskoye Selo, and the uyezd was renamed Detskoselsky. On February 14, 1923 Detskoselsky and Petergofsky Uyezds were abolished and merged into Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina. On February 14, 1923 Gatchina was renamed Trotsk, and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after Leon Trotsky. On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Trotsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Trotsk, was"
"1922 after Vladimir Lenin whose original surname was Ulyanov. On August 12, 1922 Detskoselsky Uyezd was merged with Petergofsky Uyezd to form Gatchinsky Uyezd (since 1923, Trotsky Uyezd). On June 16, 1925 Ulyanovka was granted urban-type settlement status. On February 7, 1927, it was transferred to Leningradsky Uyezd. The governorate was renamed Petrogradsky in 1913 and Leningradsky in 1924. On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Kolpinsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Kolpino, was established. The governorates were also abolished, and the district was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. Ulyanovka became"
"ensemble consisting of a park and a number of buildings. In the end of the 19th century, Taytsy belonged to Tsarskoselsky Uyezd of Saint Petersburg Governorate (renamed in 1913 Petrograd Governorate and in 1924 Leningrad Governorate). On November 20, 1918 the uyezd was renamed Detskoselsky. On February 14, 1923 Detskoselsky and Petergofsky Uyezds were abolished and merged into Gatchinsky Uyezd, with the administrative center located in Gatchina. On February 14, 1923 Gatchina was renamed Trotsk, and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after Leon Trotsky. On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Trotsky District, with the administrative center"
"built in the city. Léon Theremin worked at that station in 1918–1919. In 1918, after the October Revolution, the palace and park complex was declared as museum and national property. On 7 November 1918 it was renamed to Detskoye Selo (, ""Children's Village""), because of the large number of children's institutions established in the area, and due to a general trend to rename Tsar-related geographical names. On 10 February 1937, on the occasion of the 100-year anniversary of the death of Aleksandr Pushkin, the town was given his name. On 10 June 1939, the Catherine Cathedral was demolished by the"
"added and their historical appearance has been altered. A number of buildings house the Russian museum of folk and applied art. The atrium of the “Bread House” is used for concerts of Moscow musicians. The park grounds contain a group of burial mounds (Kurgans) that belong to the Early Slavs tribe Vyatichs dated to the 11th-13th century. Tsaritsyno Palace Tsaritsyno () is a palace museum and park reserve in the south of Moscow. It was founded in 1776 by the order of Catherine the Great. The palace has lent its name to the surrounding district and the nearby metro station."
"Gatchina Gatchina (, ) is a town and the administrative center of Gatchinsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located south of St. Petersburg, along the E95 highway leading to Pskov. Population: It was previously known as ""Khotchino"", ""Gatchina"" (until February 14, 1923), ""Trotsk"" (until August 2, 1929), ""Krasnogvardeysk"" (until January 28, 1944). Gatchina is the largest town in Leningrad Oblast, and is best known as the location of the Great Gatchina Palace, one of the main residences of the Russian Imperial Family during the 18th and 19th centuries. Gatchina is frequently placed high in quality of life rankings"
"Gadzhiyevo Gadzhiyevo () is a town under the administrative jurisdiction of the closed administrative-territorial formation of Alexandrovsk in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Population: It was previously known as ""Yagelnaya Guba"" (until 1967), ""Gadzhiyevo"" (until 1981), ""Murmansk-130"" (until 1994), ""Skalisty"" (until 1999). First mentioned in 1957, it was known as Yagelnaya Guba () until 1967 and as Skalisty () from 1981 to 1994, although it was often referred to as Murmansk-130 (). The name Skalisty was made official in 1994, but in 1999 the town was renamed back to Gadzhiyevo—the name it previously bore from 1967 to 1981. The current name is"
"ever since, but was renamed Babushkinsky in 1941. During the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform of the 1960s, Babushkinsky District was briefly disestablished in 1962 and then reestablished in 1965. In 1918, Northern Dvina Governorate with the administrative center in Veliky Ustyug was established on the areas previously in the northeast of Vologda Governorate. In 1924, the uyezds in Northern Dvina Governorate were abolished and replaced with the districts. On June 10, 1924, Roslyatinsky District was established, among others. The administrative center of Roslyatinsky District was the ""selo"" of Roslyatino. In 1929, Northern Dvina Governorate was merged into Northern Krai. On"
"the newly formed Tsaritsyn governorate. The structure of the governorate came from the province of Samara, Nicholas Uyezd and Novouzensk Uyezd. In 1920, due to downsizing Novouzensk Uyezd formed Dergachyovsky and Pokrovsk Uyezds. In 1921, due to downsizing Atkarsk Uyezd formed Yelansky Uyezd. In 1922 Pokrovsk Uyezd was transferred to the Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In 1923, the Khvalynsky Uyezd was abolished, its territory is divided between Volsk Uyezd and Kuznetsk Uyezd. Dergachyovsky District was formed through consolidation of Novouzensk Uyezd and Elansky Uyezd with Atkarskaya Uyezd. In a Resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on May"
"Alexandrov Kremlin The tsar’s residence in the Alexandrovskaya village (also known as the Alexandrovsky Kremlin) is an old Russian fortress which served as the actual capital of the ""oprichnina"" in the Moscow state from 1564 until 1581. It was situated on the current territory of the city of Alexandrov, Vladimir Oblast. Alexandrovskaya village dates back to the middle of the 14th century. Grand Duke Vasily III had a country palace built there and used to bring his family and the entire court to it. The palace did not survive. The Pokrovsky (Intercession of the Virgin) cathedral was sanctified in 1513"
"Gatchina. On February 14, 1923 Gatchina was renamed Trotsk, and Gatchinsky Uyezd was renamed Trotsky Uyezd, after Leon Trotsky. On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished and Oranienbaumsky District, with the administrative center in the town of Oranienbaum, was established. The governorates were also abolished, and the district was a part of Leningrad Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. It included parts of former Trotsky Uyezd. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished as well, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On August 27, 1939 Bolshaya Izhora was made an urban-type settlement, and on September 17, 1939"
"which encircles St. Petersburg. A paved road connects Gatchina with Kingisepp via Volosovo. There are also local roads. Gatchina is the site of the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute. Gatchina Gatchina (, ) is a town and the administrative center of Gatchinsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It is located south of St. Petersburg, along the E95 highway leading to Pskov. Population: It was previously known as ""Khotchino"", ""Gatchina"" (until February 14, 1923), ""Trotsk"" (until August 2, 1929), ""Krasnogvardeysk"" (until January 28, 1944). Gatchina is the largest town in Leningrad Oblast, and is best known as the location of the Great"
"town of Staritsa was established. It belonged to Rzhev Okrug of Western Oblast. On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 29 January 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Staritsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. During World War II, in 1941—1942, a considerable part of the district, including Staritsa, was occupied by German troops. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast. On 12 July 1929 Yemelyanovsky District, with the center in the selo of Yemelyanovo was created as well. It was a part of Tver Okrug of Moscow"
"and ""Catharinoslav"" are found on some maps from the nineteenth century. In some Anglophone media the city was also known as the Rocket City. In 1918, the Central Council of Ukraine proposed to change the name of the city to ""Sicheslav""; however, this was never finallized. In 1926 the city was renamed after Communist leader Grigory Petrovsky. The 2015 law on decommunization thus required the city had to be renamed. On 19 May 2016 the Ukrainian parliament passed a bill to officially rename the city to the name ""Dnipro"". A monastery was founded by Byzantine monks on Monastyrsky Island, probably"
"1914 to a merchant’s widow, Raisa Ivanovna Vlasova. In 1918 a large number of the Tsaritsyno dachas were nationalized. The former summer cottages of S. A. Muromtsev and N. P. Bakhrushin were transformed into an elementary and a high school called “Vlasovka” and “Bakhrushinka” after the names of their former owners. In 1937 a new brick building was erected, and the old ones were transformed into flats for the teachers. During the German-Soviet War the area was heavily bombed by the German air force because of the proximity of the largest urban grain elevator. During one of the bomb raids"
"On January 29, 1935, Kalinin Oblast was established and Kashin was transferred to it. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast. Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kashin serves as the administrative center of Kashinsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Kashinsky District as Kashin Urban Settlement. As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Kashinsky Municipal District. The mean temperature in Kashin is in January and in July. The town is an important part of the oblast's economy. It is home to ""Veresk"", one of the"
"nunnery were used as a museum. At present, the territory of the Kremlin is shared by a museum and the revived nunnery. Alexandrov Kremlin The tsar’s residence in the Alexandrovskaya village (also known as the Alexandrovsky Kremlin) is an old Russian fortress which served as the actual capital of the ""oprichnina"" in the Moscow state from 1564 until 1581. It was situated on the current territory of the city of Alexandrov, Vladimir Oblast. Alexandrovskaya village dates back to the middle of the 14th century. Grand Duke Vasily III had a country palace built there and used to bring his family"
"were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 29 January 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Oleninsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. During World War II, from October 10, 1941 to March 4, 1943, Olenino was occupied by German troops. On 13 February 1963, Oleninsky District was abolished and merged into Nelidovsky District; on 4 March 1964, it was reestablished. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast. There are enterprises of food and timber industries. The railway which connects Moscow and Riga via Rzhev, runs through Olenino. There is passenger railway traffic. Olenino is"
"Sarov Sarov () is a closed town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It was known as Arzamas-16 () from 1946 to 1991. Until 1995, it was known as Kremlyov (). The town is closed as it is the Russian center for nuclear research. Population: 92,047 (2010 Census); 87,652 (2002 Census) The history of the town can be divided into two different periods. In the earlier history of Russia it was known as one of the holy places of the Russian Orthodox Church, because of its monastery, that gave Russia one of its greatest saints, St. Seraphim. Since the 1940s, it"
"and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On 29 January 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Staritsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. During World War II, between 12 October 1941 and 1 January 1942, the town was occupied by the German army. In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast. Within the framework of administrative divisions, Staritsa serves as the administrative center of Staritsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Staritsky District as Staritsa Urban Settlement. As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Staritsky"