"Vere Essex Cromwell, 4th Earl of Ardglass Vere Essex Cromwell, 4th Earl of Ardglass PC (I), (2 October 1625 – 26 November 1687) was an English nobleman, son of Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Ardglass and Elizabeth Meverell. Vere Essex Cromwell was born at Throwleigh, Staffordshire and was educated at Stone School, Staffordshire, and at Finstock, Oxfordshire. He succeeded his nephew Thomas Cromwell as Earl of Ardglass and Viscount Lecale in the Peerage of Ireland in 1682, as well as Baron Cromwell in the Peerage of England. He died 26 November 1687 at his home in Booncastle, County Down and"
"Lord Essex, was present at the relief of Coventry in August, and at the fight at Powick Bridge, Worcester in September, where he distinguished himself, and subsequently at Edgehill. Of the last two engagements he wrote accounts, viz. ""True and Exact Relation of both the Battles fought by ... Earl of Essex against the Bloudy Cavaliers"" (1642). (See also ""A Narrative of the Late Battle before Worcester taken by a Gentleman of the Inns of Court from the mouth of Master Fiennes"", 1642). In February 1643, Fiennes was sent down to Bristol, arrested Colonel Thomas Essex the governor, executed the"
"Essex in the Peerage of England. On his death the titles passed to his son Robert, the second Earl. He was the highly trusted courtier, soldier and favourite of Queen Elizabeth I. However, Lord Essex after many years defied the Queen and tried to raise a rebellion in London. He was condemned to death for high treason and beheaded in the Tower of London on 25 February 1601. His titles were forfeited. However, his son Robert was restored in blood in 1603 and became the third Earl. He later fought as a Parliamentarian in the Civil War, leading the Parliamentary"
"not printed until 1602. Edward Squire Edward Squire (died 1598) was an English scrivener and sailor, and an alleged conspirator against the life of Elizabeth I of England. He was executed, after an investigation of a series of obscure circumstances led to conviction for his apparent attempts to poison Queen Elizabeth and Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex. A long controversy on the truth of the matter then ensued. Originally he was a scrivener at Greenwich, where he married and had children. He then obtained a post in Queen Elizabeth's stables, but gave up his position to become a sailor."
"son. His titles were forfeited and he was sentenced to death, but his execution was postponed after a plea from the chaplains, who, finding him so ignorant he could barely recite the Lord's Prayer, wanted time to educate him and give him Communion. The execution eventually took place on 6 February 1615, when he was taken to the Market Cross in Edinburgh and beheaded. In 1595 King James suggested the Earl's marriage to Emilia, a sister of Count Maurice of Nassau. An envoy, Colonel Stewart, proposed the plan to the States to cement a league between Scotland and the Netherlands,"
"Thomas Cromwell Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, (; 1485 – 28 July 1540) was an English lawyer and statesman who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII of England from 1532 to 1540, when he was decapitated on orders of the king. Cromwell was one of the strongest and most powerful advocates of the English Reformation. He helped to engineer an annulment of the king's marriage to Queen Catherine so that Henry could lawfully marry Anne Boleyn. Henry failed to obtain the Pope's approval for the annulment in 1534, so Parliament endorsed the king's claim to be Supreme"
"and Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex was first proposed by A.B. Grosart in 1878, and was revived by William Matchett in 1965. Many authors who reject the identification of the lovers as Essex and Elizabeth nevertheless argue that the events of Essex's rebellion and execution in early 1601 may lie behind some of the more obscure symbolism in the poem and the others in the collection. Sir John Salusbury had been knighted for helping to suppress the rebellion, while his cousin Owen Salusbury was killed while participating in it. Sir John's brother, Thomas Salusbury, had been executed after the earlier"
"squander his substantial inheritance. During the Civil War he was in command of a parliamentary company of foot in a regiment commanded by his son, Charles Essex. Sir William was taken prisoner at the Battle of Edgehill in 1642 while his son was killed in action. Essex died probably in 1645 and the baronetcy became extinct. Essex married Jane Harcourt, daughter of Sir Walter Harcourt, of Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire in 1593, having obtained a licence by trickery while he was still in wardship. Sir William Essex, 1st Baronet Sir William Essex, 1st Baronet (c. 1575 – c. 1645), was an"
"later fought as a Royalist in the Civil War. He was tried and condemned to death by the Parliamentarians and beheaded in May 1649. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Baron. In 1661 he was created Viscount Malden, in the County of Essex, and Earl of Essex, with remainder, failing heirs male of his own, to, firstly, his brother Henry Capell (later Baron Capell of Tewkesbury; see below), failing which to, secondly, his brother Edward Capell. These titles are also in the Peerage of England. Lord Essex later served as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland and as First Lord"
"Edward Squire Edward Squire (died 1598) was an English scrivener and sailor, and an alleged conspirator against the life of Elizabeth I of England. He was executed, after an investigation of a series of obscure circumstances led to conviction for his apparent attempts to poison Queen Elizabeth and Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex. A long controversy on the truth of the matter then ensued. Originally he was a scrivener at Greenwich, where he married and had children. He then obtained a post in Queen Elizabeth's stables, but gave up his position to become a sailor. In August 1595 he"
"Charles de Marillac, reported in a letter that the King was now said to be lamenting that, under pretext of some slight offences which he had committed, they had brought several accusations against him, on the strength of which he had put to death the most faithful servant he ever had. There remains an element of what G. R. Elton describes as 'mystery' about Cromwell's demise. In April 1540, just three months before he went to the block, he was created Earl of Essex and Lord Great Chamberlain. The arbitrary and unpredictable streak in the King's personality, which more than"
"Thomas Derrick Thomas Derrick was an English executioner ""c."" 1608. In English history, executioner was not a commonly chosen career path because of the risk of friends and families of the deceased knowing who the executioner was and where to find him. Executioners were sometimes coerced into the role. Derrick in particular had been convicted of rape but was pardoned by the Earl of Essex (clearing him of the death penalty) on the condition that he became an executioner at Tyburn. Derrick executed more than 3,000 people in his career, including his pardoner, the Earl of Essex, in 1601. Derrick"
"Massey’s army in October 1646. In 1645, Essex was given Somerhill House near Tonbridge, Kent, which had been sequestrated by Parliament from his half-brother Ulick Burke, 5th Earl of Clanricarde, following the Battle of Naseby. On 1 December that year Parliament voted for him to be created a Duke but no elevation in his peerage followed. The Earl of Essex died in September 1646 without an heir. After hunting in Windsor Forest he had a stroke on the 10th and died in London, at Essex House, four days later, aged fifty-five. The earldom died with him, until it was revived"
"who was determined to show as much clemency as possible, ignored the charge. Some days before the execution, Captain Thomas Lee was apprehended as he kept watch on the door to the Queen's chambers. His plan had been to confine her until she signed a warrant for the release of Essex. Capt. Lee, who had served in Ireland with the Earl, and who acted as go-between with the Ulster rebels, was tried and put to death the next day. Essex's conviction for treason meant that the earldom was forfeit, and his son did not inherit the title. However, after the"
"at Tyburn on 29 June 1541. An account of the execution in Hall's Chronicle says: Mantell, Frowds and Roidon were also executed for the crime. Dacre's family were stripped of their lands and title, but the title was restored to his second son Gregory in 1558 (the elder son Thomas died before the restitution, aged 15). Fiennes's case was briefly mentioned in the Showtime historical series ""The Tudors"". Thomas Fiennes, 9th Baron Dacre Thomas Fiennes, 9th Baron Dacre (ca. 1515 – 1541) was an English aristocrat notable for his conviction and execution for murder. Dacre was the son of Sir"
"to accept the offer of the queen to make him Earl Marshal of Ireland. He arrived in Dublin in September 1576, but fell ill at the banquet given in his honour at Dublin Castle, and died three weeks later, probably of dysentery. It was suspected that he had been poisoned at the behest of the Earl of Leicester, who married his widow two years later. A post-mortem was carried out and concluded that Essex had died of natural causes (although Alice Draycott, a judge's daughter, who drank from the same cup at the banquet, also died soon afterwards). He was"
"Earl of Essex's troops, being twice unhorsed but eventually taking forty Roundhead prisoners. His fortune later turned however, when the Royalists were defeated: he was forced to pay £50,000 (approximately £3,700,000 in early-2000s terms) in fines and sequestrations and died soon after. Sir Edward Waldegrave, 1st Baronet Sir Edward Waldegrave, 1st Baronet (c. 1568 – c. 1650) was an English soldier, MP and Cavalier during the English Civil War and a grandson of Sir Edward Waldegrave. Waldegrave was knighted by King James I in 1607. In 1643, he was made a baronet by King Charles I, but the Rump Parliament"
"1540 (the exact dates being uncertain), separate printings were made of Coverdale's translations into English of the psalms. These first versions of his psalm renditions were based mainly or completely upon his translation of the Book of Psalms in the 1535 Coverdale Bible. In the final years of the decade, the conservative clerics, led by Stephen Gardiner, bishop of Winchester, were rapidly recovering their power and influence, opposing Cromwell's policies. On 28 June 1539 the Act of Six Articles became law, ending official tolerance of religious reform. Cromwell was executed on 28 July 1540. This was close to the date"
"Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex, KG (16 September 1541 – 22 September 1576), was an English nobleman and general. From 1573 until his death he fought in Ireland in connection with the Plantation of Ulster, where he ordered the Rathlin Island massacre. He was the father of Elizabeth I's favourite of her later years, Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex. Walter Devereux was the eldest son of Sir Richard Devereux, who was created a Knight of the Bath on 20 February 1547 and died that same year, in the lifetime of his father,"
"plays, feature films, and television miniseries, usually as a villainous character. More recently, however, Hilary Mantel's two Man Booker Prize-winning novels ""Wolf Hall"" (2009) and ""Bring up the Bodies"" (2012) have sought to show him in a more sympathetic light, stressing his family affections, genuine respect for Cardinal Wolsey, zeal for the Reformation, and support for a limited degree of social reform. Thomas Cromwell Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Essex, (; 1485 – 28 July 1540) was an English lawyer and statesman who served as chief minister to King Henry VIII of England from 1532 to 1540, when he was"
"to the cross on Good Friday. Later that year, Parliament passed the Six Articles reaffirming Roman Catholic beliefs and practices such as transubstantiation, clerical celibacy, confession to a priest, votive masses, and withholding communion wine from the laity. On 28 June 1540 Cromwell, Henry's longtime advisor and loyal servant, was executed. Different reasons were advanced: that Cromwell would not enforce the Act of Six Articles; that he had supported Robert Barnes, Hugh Latimer and other heretics; and that he was responsible for Henry's marriage to Anne of Cleves, his fourth wife. Many other arrests under the Act followed. On 30"
"The earl was executed in 1547 on suspicion of treason; some (indeed most) of the evidence brought against him was that he had made inappropriate use of the Royal Arms of England, as indeed he does here. He was of royal descent, but these were not his personal arms. A heraldic drawing was produced in evidence, but this painting does not seem to have been mentioned at his trial. A three-quarter length of Edward as Prince of Wales with Hunsdon House, Hertfordshire, in the background and the famous portrait of Elizabeth I as princess (""""), both dated to 1546, have"
"put Lady Jane Grey on the throne after Edward's death. He had been created Baron Parr of Kendal in 1539, Earl of Essex in 1543 and Marquess of Northampton in 1547. Northampton was convicted of high treason and sentenced to death on 18 August 1553 after the accession of Mary I. He was, however, released in the autumn. His titles were restored to him by Elizabeth I in 1559. His wife Elisabeth died in 1565. Five months before he died, he married Helena Snakenborg, a lady in waiting from Sweden. On his death, at Warwick Priory, as he had no"
"The Scottish ambassadors expected to negotiate with the Earl of Essex, but he was executed on 25 February 1601 before their arrival in London. Their first set of instructions are known from a summary by Essex's servant Henry Cuffe who was condemned to hang. James VI then gave his ambassadors new instructions that they should ""walk surely between the precipices of the Queen and the people"", and encouraged them to go forward in private negotiation and secure the individual support of key towns and ports. Although Mar and Bruce gained the confidence of Robert Cecil and an understanding on the"
"the autumn of 1460 he was elected to Parliament for Essex for the second time and elected Speaker of the House. In early 1462 Green and his brother were granted the stewardship of the estates in Essex, Cambridgeshire and Suffolk which had belonged to the John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford, recently executed for treason. In 1467, he attended a meeting of the king's council, and in 1469 he was appointed deputy to Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, the chief steward of the duchy of Lancaster. On his death in 1473 he was buried at Gosfield, Essex. His"
"who had written in commendation of him to Lord Mountjoy. He admitted that, """"it was ever my fault to be loose and lavish of my tongue"""", adding that, """"he had lived in misery and cared not to live, his enemies were so many and so great"""". In reference to the Queen, he simply said he meant, """"to vex her for half an hour, that she might live all the merrier all her life after"""". Upon conviction and sentencing he pleaded for his son's inheritance. He was put to death at Tyburn on 14 February, dying """"very christianly"""". Essex was put"
"connections did not save Catherine's son Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter, 2nd Earl of Devon (1498–1539) from being implicated in a plot and executed in 1539 by King Henry VIII. The Courtenays also held from the 13th-century Okehampton Castle, their original seat in England, and later built Colcombe Castle, both in Devon. After the attainder and execution of Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter, 2nd Earl of Devon (1498–1539) in 1539, King Henry VIII granted Tiverton to John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford, whom the contemporary historian John Leland stated to have been holding it, amongst his other vast"
"Lee ""alias"" Hassall and Russell Lee ""alias"" Hassall, the two illegitimate sons born before their marriage. His will was proved 17 October 1550 by one of his executors, Sir William Paget. None of Sir Anthony Lee's four legitimate sons left legitimate issue, and the heir at law of his eldest son, Sir Henry Lee, was thus Henry Lee (d. 9 October 1657) of Kildare, son of Sir Henry's Lee's half-cousin, Captain Thomas Lee, 'the traitor', executed at Tyburn on 17 February 1601 after the Earl of Essex's rebellion. However Sir Henry Lee contrived to leave his estates, not to his"
"Crown but it was re-granted to their son, Duncan, Earl of Lennox. Duncan, Earl of Lennox's daughter was Isabella, Countess of Lennox who married Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany. When James I of Scotland returned from captivity in England, Lennox became a victim of king's hatred to all those connected with Albany's father who had murdered the king's brother and presided over Scotland into disorder. The Earl of Lennox was beheaded aged eighty in May 1425. The widowed Isabella of Lennox was imprisoned in Tantallon Castle along with her son, Walter de Levenax but he was later transferred to the"
"of the Body to the King. When the revolt known as the Pilgrimage of Grace broke out in Yorkshire in 1536, he was active in suppressing it. In 1540 he was made a Gentleman Pensioner but the next year was arrested and charged with treason for failing to report a conspiracy against the Crown. Initially held in the Tower of London, from there he was taken to York and on 15 June 1541 executed. As his widow and eldest son were pardoned, the family were able to keep their lands and goods. By August 1509, he had married Elizabeth, the"
"1415), became a favorite of Henry V, by whom he was made treasurer in 1410 and employed on diplomatic missions abroad. However, in 1415 he was involved in a conspiracy to assassinate Henry (along with the King's cousin Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge) and was ignominiously executed at Southampton. His title was forfeited. It was, however, restored to his brother John in 1455; and it fell into abeyance on the death, in 1517, of Geoffrey, 11th Baron Scrope of Masham, without male heirs. John Scrope, 8th Baron Scrope of Bolton was a somewhat reluctant supporter of the Pilgrimage"
"Henry of Essex Henry of Essex or Henry de Essex (died c. 1170) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman who held the honours of Rayleigh (by inheritance) and Haughley (by right of his second wife). He was also one of the royal constables during the reigns of Kings Stephen and Henry II by right of his second wife. That office included the duty of bearing the royal standard to indicate the location of the king when on campaign or in battle. He was convicted as a traitor and took the habit in 1163, spending his last years at Reading Abbey. Henry was"
"London (13 July 1683), having been convicted of participation in the Rye House Plot against the King and his brother, and was said to have been discovered in his chamber with his throat cut whilst a prisoner awaiting execution for treason. According to Britton The Earl of Essex's death, by suicide, was controversial:- "" Lawrence Braddon., Gent of the Middle Temple states himself 'upwards of 5 years persecuted or imprisoned for endeavouring to discover this murther the third day after the same was committed' "" The Dictionary of National Biography entry for Braddon says:- ""“ When the Earl of Essex"