In Celtic mythology a kelpie is a water spirit in the form of which animal?
"this, she has been linked to the Romano-Celtic fertility horse goddess Epona and other instances of the veneration of horses in early Indo-European culture. White horses are the most common type of hill figure in England. Though many are modern, the Uffington White Horse at least dates back to the Bronze Age. In Scottish folklore, the kelpie or each uisge, a deadly supernatural water demon in the shape of a horse, is sometimes described as white, though other stories say it is black. In Greek mythology, the white winged horse Pegasus was the son of Poseidon and the gorgon Medusa."
"Ceffyl Dŵr Ceffyl Dŵr is a water horse in Welsh folklore, a counterpart of the Scottish kelpie. In her 1973 book ""Folk-lore and Folk-tales of Wales"", Marie Trevelyan says that the Ceffyl Dŵr was believed to shapeshift and even fly, although this varies depending on region. For example, in North Wales he is represented as being rather formidable with fiery eyes and a dark forbidding presence, whereas in South Wales he is seen more positively as, at worst a cheeky pest to travelers and at best, as Trevelyan puts it, ""luminous, fascinating and sometimes a winged steed"". The Ceffyl Dŵr"
"Milton Smith has hypothesised that the kelpie myth might originate with the water spouts that can form over the surface of Scottish lochs, giving the impression of a living form as they move across the water. Sir Walter Scott alludes to a similar explanation in his epic poem ""The Lady of the Lake"" (1810), which contains the lines Pictish stones dating from the 6th to 9th centuries featuring what has been dubbed the Pictish Beast may be the earliest representations of a kelpie or kelpie-like creature. Other depictions show kelpies as poolside maidens, as in Draper's 1913 oil on canvas."
"lexicographer Edward Dwelly, in the Scottish Gaelic terms for the blue men – ""na fir ghorma"", ""fear gorm"" and ""sruth nam fear gorm"" – the word ""gorm"" refers to any shade of blue and ""fear"" can be translated as ""man"", ""na fir"" representing the plural ""the men"". The blue men are also styled as storm kelpies. The most common water spirits in Scottish folklore, kelpies are usually described as powerful horses, but the name is attributed to several different forms and fables throughout the country. The name ""kelpie"" may be derived from the Scottish Gaelic ""calpa"" or ""cailpeach"", meaning ""heifer"""
"Scottish selkie, which needs its sealskin to regain its form. In ""The Great Silkie of Sule Skerry"" the (male) selkie seduces a human woman. Such stories surrounding these creatures are usually romantic tragedies. Scottish mythology features shapeshifters, which allows the various creatures to trick, deceive, hunt, and kill humans. Water spirits such as the each uisge, which inhabit lochs and waterways in Scotland, were said to appear as a horse or a young man. Other tales include kelpies who emerge from lochs and rivers in the disguise of a horse or woman in order to ensnare and kill weary travelers."
"is said to inhabit mountain pools and waterfalls. Even though it appears solid, it can evaporate into the mist. In one form of the legend the Ceffyl Dŵr, as a horse, leaps out of the water to trample and kill lone travelers. Another form of the legend reports that the Ceffyl Dŵr entices the unwary traveler to ride him. Flying into the air, the Ceffyl Dŵr evaporates, dropping the unfortunate rider to his death. Citations Bibliography Ceffyl Dŵr Ceffyl Dŵr is a water horse in Welsh folklore, a counterpart of the Scottish kelpie. In her 1973 book ""Folk-lore and Folk-tales"
"are referred to as kelpies in English accounts, and thus mistakenly attribute lake-dwelling habits to the latter. Others associate the term ""kelpie"" with a wide variety of mythical creatures. Counterparts in some regions of Scotland include the shoopiltee and nuggle of Shetland and the tangie of Orkney; in other parts of the United Kingdom they include the Welsh ceffyl dŵr and the Manx cabbyl-ushtey. Parallels to the general Germanic neck and the Scandinavian bäckahäst have been observed; Nick Middleton observes that ""the kelpie of Scottish folklore is a direct parallel of the [sic] bäckahästen [of Scandinavian folklore]"". The wihwin of"
"their shorter than normal ears, a characteristic shared by the mythical water bull or ""tarbh uisge"" in Scottish Gaelic, similar to the Manx ""tarroo ushtey"". Kelpies have the ability to transform themselves into non-equine forms, and can take on the outward appearance of human figures, in which guise they may betray themselves by the presence of water weeds in their hair. In their human form, kelpies are almost invariably male. One of the few stories describing the creature in female form is set at Conon House in Ross and Cromarty. It tells of a ""tall woman dressed in green"", with"
"describing horse-like creatures, they were intended to keep children away from the loch. Sjögren wrote that the kelpie legends have developed into descriptions reflecting a modern awareness of plesiosaurs. The kelpie as a water horse in Loch Ness was mentioned in an 1879 Scottish newspaper, and inspired Tim Dinsdale's ""Project Water Horse"". A study of pre-1933 Highland folklore references to kelpies, water horses and water bulls indicated that Ness was the loch most frequently cited. A number of hoax attempts have been made, some of which were successful. Other hoaxes were revealed rather quickly by the perpetrators or exposed after"
"soft mass like jelly-fish"" according to an account published by Spence. When a blacksmith's family were being frightened by the repeated appearances of a water kelpie at their summer cottage, the blacksmith managed to render it into a ""heap of starch, or something like it"" by penetrating the spirit's flanks with two sharp iron spears that had been heated in a fire. Almost every sizeable Scottish body of water has a kelpie story associated with it, but the most widely reported is the kelpie of Loch Ness. Several stories of mythical spirits and monsters are attached to the loch dating"
"two high steel sculptures in Falkirk, ""The Kelpies"", completed in October 2013. The etymology of the Scots word ""kelpie"" is uncertain, but it may be derived from the Gaelic ""calpa"" or ""cailpeach"", meaning ""heifer"" or ""colt"". The first recorded use of the term to describe a mythological creature, then spelled ""kaelpie"", appears in the manuscript of an ode by William Collins, composed some time before 1759 and reproduced in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh of 1788. The place names Kelpie hoall and Kelpie hooll are reported in ""A Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue"" as appearing in"
"diving suddenly, could be from real-life encounters with a sea turtle such as the leatherback sea turtle. Each-uisge The each-uisge (, literally ""water horse"") is a water spirit in Scottish folklore, known as the each-uisce (anglicized as ""aughisky"" or ""ech-ushkya"") in Ireland and cabyll-ushtey on the Isle of Man. It usually takes the form of a horse, and is similar to the kelpie but far more vicious. The each-uisge, a supernatural water horse found in the Scottish Highlands, has been described as ""perhaps the fiercest and most dangerous of all the water-horses"" by the folklorist Katharine Briggs. Often mistaken for"
"back to 6th-century reports of Saint Columba defeating a monster there. The early 19th-century kelpie that haunted the woods and shores of Loch Ness was tacked up with its own saddle and bridle. A fable attached to the notoriously nasty creature has the Highlander James MacGrigor taking it by surprise and cutting off its bridle, the source of its power and life, without which it would die within twenty-four hours. As the kelpie had the power of speech, it attempted unsuccessfully to bargain with MacGrigor for the return of its bridle. After following MacGrigor to his home, the kelpie asserted"
"Water bull The water bull, also known as tarbh uisge in Scottish Gaelic, is a mythological Scottish creature similar to the Manx ""tarroo ushtey"". Generally regarded as a nocturnal resident of moorland lochs, it is usually more amiable than its equine counterpart the water horse, but has similar amphibious and shapeshifting abilities. The water bull is said to reproduce with standard cattle, the resulting progeny distinguishable by the small size of their ears. According to some myths, the calves of water bulls and ordinary cows ought to be killed at birth by any method other than drowning – they cannot"
"legend surrounds Norse king Breacan. In various stories, Breacan moored his boat near the whirlpool to impress a local princess, or alternatively to flee from his father across the gulf. In both stories Breacan was swept into the whirlpool, and his body dragged ashore later by his dog. Breacan may be named after the whirlpool, or its current name may be a Gaelic pun on his name. Charles Mackay's poem ""The Kelpie of Corrievreckan"" tells the story of a young woman who leaves her lover for a sea kelpie. She discovers too late that the kelpie lives at the bottom"
"Australia, dog breeders were unlikely to admit the practice. At the time of the origin of the kelpie, it was illegal to keep dingoes as pets, and the owners of some dingoes and dingo crosses evidently registered their animals as kelpies. The first dog known as a kelpie was a black and tan female pup with floppy ears bought by Jack Gleeson about 1872 from a litter born on Warrock Station near Casterton, owned by George Robertson, a Scot. This dog was named ""kelpie"" after the kelpie, a mythological shape shifting water spirit of Celtic folklore. Legend has it that"
"composite of a water horse from Celtic mythology and a creature imported by the Norsemen. As with similar malevolent entities such as the kelpie, it possibly offered an explanation for incidents that islanders in ancient times could not otherwise understand. The late 19th century saw an upsurge of interest in transcribing folklore, but the recorders used inconsistent spelling and frequently anglicised words, thus the same entity could be given different names. The term ""nuckelavee"" derives from Orcadian ""knoggelvi"", and according to Orkney resident and 19th-century folklorist Walter Traill Dennison means ""Devil of the Sea"". The same demon is called a"
"Blue men of the Minch The blue men of the Minch, also known as storm kelpies ( ), are mythological creatures inhabiting the stretch of water between the northern Outer Hebrides and mainland Scotland, looking for sailors to drown and stricken boats to sink. They appear to be localised to the Minch and surrounding areas, unknown in other parts of Scotland and without counterparts in the rest of the world. Apart from their blue colour, the mythical creatures look much like humans, and are about the same size. They have the power to create storms, but when the weather is"
"form of the water bull, but historian and symbologist Charles Milton Smith has suggested that such mythological creatures might originate with the water spouts that can form over the surface of Scottish lochs, which can give the impression of a living form as they move across the water. Water bull The water bull, also known as tarbh uisge in Scottish Gaelic, is a mythological Scottish creature similar to the Manx ""tarroo ushtey"". Generally regarded as a nocturnal resident of moorland lochs, it is usually more amiable than its equine counterpart the water horse, but has similar amphibious and shapeshifting abilities."
"white and could entice victims onto its back by singing. The creature's nature was described by Walter Gregor, a folklorist and one of the first members of the Folklore Society, as ""useful"", ""hurtful"", or seeking ""human companionship""; in some cases, kelpies take their victims into the water, devour them, and throw the entrails to the water's edge. In its equine form the kelpie is able to extend the length of its back to carry many riders together into the depths; a common theme in the tales is of several children clambering onto the creature's back while one remains on the"
"Clyde (mascot) Clyde was the official mascot of the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Clyde is an anthropomorphic thistle (the floral emblem of Scotland) and is named after the River Clyde which flows through the centre of Glasgow. The mascot was designed by Beth Gilmour from Cumbernauld, who won a competition run by Glasgow 2014 for children to design the Mascot. Beth's drawing was then brought to life by digital agency Nerv, who turned it into a commercial character, created a full backstory, gave it a name – Clyde – and created a website for him. Clyde was finally revealed"
"shore. Usually a little boy, he then pets the horse but his hand sticks to its neck. In some variations the lad cuts off his fingers or hand to free himself; he survives but the other children are carried off and drowned, with only some of their entrails being found later. Such a creature said to inhabit Glen Keltney in Perthshire is considered to be a kelpie by 20th-century folklorist Katharine Mary Briggs, but a similar tale also set in Perthshire has an ""each uisge"" as the culprit and omits the embellishment of the young boy. The lad does cut"
"Fuath A fuath (plural ""fuathan""; ) or vough (phonetic transcription), literally meaning ""hate"" in Scottish Gaelic and Irish Gaelic, designates a class of malevolent Highland Gaelic mythological water spirits, inhabiting the sea, rivers, fresh water, or sea lochs. As a generic term the ""fuath"" can include the beithir (behir), peallaidh and ùruisg. The ""fuath"" in collected Gaelic folklore is substituted by the term ""kelpie"" in the English translation and commentary portions of John Francis Campbell's ""Popular Tales of the West Highlands"". More broadly, this name is even given to highland or nature spirits. Their appearance ranges from covered in shaggy,"
"also many wheels that seem to have been amulets. The many animals depicted on the cauldron include elephants, a dolphin, leopard-like felines, and various fantastic animals, as well as animals that are widespread across Eurasia, such as snakes, cattle, deer, boars and birds. Celtic art often includes animals, but not often in fantastic forms with wings and aspects of different animals combined. There are exceptions to this, some when motifs are clearly borrowed, as the boy riding a dolphin is borrowed from Greek art, and others that are more native, like the ram-headed horned snake who appears three times on"
"is defined as a ""female fairy or water-kelpie"". Caoineag The caoineag () is a female spirit in Scottish folklore and a type of Highland banshee, her name meaning ""weeper"". She is normally invisible and foretells death in her clan by lamenting in the night at a waterfall, stream or lake, or in a glen or on a mountainside. Unlike the related death portent known as the bean nighe, the caoineag cannot be approached or questioned or be made to grant wishes. The Scottish folklorist Alexander Carmichael in ""Carmina Gadelica"" states that she foretells the death of those slain in battle,"
"southern Europe. Another possible source of the myth is the European eel (""Anguilla anguilla""), which spawn in the Atlantic Ocean and swim upstream into freshwater, and grow up to . Beithir The beithir is a large snakelike creature or dragon in Scottish folklore, possibly originating from sightings of large grass snakes (""Natrix natrix"") or European eels (""Anguilla anguilla""). The Scottish Gaelic word ""beithir"" has been defined variously as ""serpent"", ""lightning"", and ""thunderbolt"". It is also referred to as beithir-nimh (""venomous serpent"") and nathair (""serpent"" and ""adder""). The word may also mean ""wild beast"" and may be derived from the Norse"
"men of the Minch"" (also known as storm kelpies), who occupy the stretch of water between Lewis and mainland Scotland, looking for sailors to drown and stricken boats to sink. ""Seonaidh"" - a water-spirit who had to be offered ale. It has been claimed that there is a mermaid's grave in Benbecula, but the exact location is unknown. The mermaid was killed in the early nineteenth century after having been seen for a couple of days, before a teenage boy threw a rock at it, killing the entity. Accounts stated that the upper part of the creature was the size"
"in Nordic myth. Sea monsters lived in every ocean from the seven-headed crocodile-serpent Leviathan of Hebrew myth to the sea-god Koloowisi of the Zuni people of North America and the Greek monster Scylla with twelve snake-necks. In some cultures, eels (which spend their early lives in freshwater before returning to the sea as adults) were regarded as magical creatures. Rivers and lakes often had snake-gods or snake-guardians including Untekhi the fearsome water-spirit of the Missouri River. Until recently, some northern European communities held well dressing ceremonies to appease the snake-spirits which lived in village wells and told legends of saints"
"Clyde mascot cuddly toys had been sold. Due to popularity in the city, the Clyde mascots are currently proposed official mascots of the City of Glasgow. https://web.archive.org/web/20150227141514/http://www.nerv.co.uk/work/glasgow-2014-commonwealth-games/ http://www.glasgow2014.com/celebrate/mascot Clyde (mascot) Clyde was the official mascot of the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Clyde is an anthropomorphic thistle (the floral emblem of Scotland) and is named after the River Clyde which flows through the centre of Glasgow. The mascot was designed by Beth Gilmour from Cumbernauld, who won a competition run by Glasgow 2014 for children to design the Mascot. Beth's drawing was then brought to life by digital agency Nerv,"
"as the Xulsigiae, who are perhaps water nymphs. An inscription from Kaul in Luxembourg appears to invoke Lenus Mars ‘Veraudunus’ along with the Celtic goddess Inciona. Lenus was not the only Celtic god identified with Mars by the Treveri; others, such as Iovantucarus (apparently a protector of youth), Intarabus, Camulos, and Loucetios were identified with Mars and perhaps, by extension, with Lenus. His name occasionally appears as ‘Mars Laenus’; the more usual form ‘Lenus Mars’ is accompanied by the epithets ""Arterancus"" and ""Exsobinus"" on one inscription each. In Britain, Mars Lenus may have been identified with Ocelus Vellaunus, on the"
"Melusine Melusine () or Melusina is a figure of European folklore and mythology (mostly Celtic), a female spirit of fresh water in a sacred spring or river. She is usually depicted as a woman who is a serpent or fish from the waist down (much like a mermaid). She is also sometimes illustrated with wings, two tails, or both. Her legends are especially connected with the northern and western areas of France, Luxembourg, and the Low Countries. The House of Luxembourg (which ruled the Holy Roman Empire from AD 1308 to AD 1437 as well as Bohemia and Hungary), the"
"inland waterways. ""The Kelpies"" represent the lineage of the heavy horse of Scottish industry and economy, pulling the wagons, ploughs, barges and coalships that shaped the geographical layout of the Falkirk area. According to sculptor Andy Scott, ""The original concept of mythical water horses was a valid starting point for the artistic development of the structures."" He also said that he “took that concept and moved with it towards a more equine and contemporary response, shifting from any mythological references towards a socio-historical monument intended to celebrate the horse’s role in industry and agriculture as well as the obvious association"
"Púca The púca (Irish for ""spirit/ghost""), pooka, phouka, phooka, phooca, puca or púka is primarily a creature of Celtic folklore. Considered to be bringers both of good and bad fortune, they could either help or hinder rural and marine communities. The Púca can have dark or white fur or hair. The creatures were said to be shape changers which could take the appearance of horses, goats, cats, dogs, and hares. They may also take a human form, which includes various animal features, such as ears or a tail. The ""púca"" has counterparts throughout the Celtic cultures of Northwest Europe. For"