Killikrates and Iktinos were the architects of which building completed on the 5th century BC?
"Attica fell to the Persian army, who captured and burnt Athens. After the defeat of the Persians, the Telesterion was rebuilt some time later by Pericles. At some point in the 5th century BC, Iktinos, the great architect of the Parthenon, built the Telesterion big enough to hold thousands of people. In about 318 BC, Philon added a portico with twelve Doric columns. In AD 170, during the rule of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius, an ancient tribe called the Costoboci launched an invasion of Roman territory south of the Danube, entering Thracia and ravaging the provinces of Macedonia and Achaea"
"Callicrates Callicrates (; , ""Callicrátēs"") was an ancient Greek architect active in the middle of the fifth century BC. He and Ictinus were architects of the Parthenon (Plutarch, ""Pericles"", 13). An inscription identifies him as the architect of ""the Temple of Nike"" in the Sanctuary of Athena Nike on the Acropolis (IG I 35). The temple in question is either the amphiprostyle Temple of Athena Nike now visible on the site or a small-scale predecessor (naiskos) whose remains were found in the later temple's foundations. An inscription identifies Callicrates as one of the architects of the Classical circuit wall of"
"the Acropolis (IG I 45), and Plutarch further states (loc. cit.) that he contracted to build the Middle of three amazing walls linking Athens and Piraeus. Callicrates Callicrates (; , ""Callicrátēs"") was an ancient Greek architect active in the middle of the fifth century BC. He and Ictinus were architects of the Parthenon (Plutarch, ""Pericles"", 13). An inscription identifies him as the architect of ""the Temple of Nike"" in the Sanctuary of Athena Nike on the Acropolis (IG I 35). The temple in question is either the amphiprostyle Temple of Athena Nike now visible on the site or a small-scale"
"built in Athens, and on a platform with a massive polygonal terrace wall. It is believed that it was designed by the architect Callicrates who designed the Temple of Hephaestus in Athens, the Poseidon Temple at Cape Sounion and the Ares temple in Acharnes. The euthynteria and lowest level of the crepidoma were made from local dark marble, while the rest was constructed of white marble. The Peloponnesian War must have interrupted the completion from 431 BC and carving of the column flutes was not done and the stylobate blocks were left unfinished, retaining the protective excess marble on their"
"tyrant Pisistratus—during his archonship. The fifth century historian Thucydides gives the following account of the dedication of the Altar and its subsequent modification: The dedication has thus been dated to 522/1 BC, the most probable date for the archonship of Pisistratus the Younger, while the expansion of the Altar, noted by Thucydides above, has been dated to the last third of the fifth century BC, thus probably during the Peloponnesian War. From at least the 5th century BC, the Altar became the zero point from which distances to Athens were calculated. A milestone, c. 400 BC, found near the gate"
"only complete architectural study of the arch in 1751-53 CE, were perplexed by the fact that the arch is not aligned with the Temple of Olympian Zeus, despite the fact that it is only c. 20m from the ""peribolos"" wall (boundary wall) of that complex. Excavations in the intervening time have shown that the arch is aligned with an ancient road that was roughly on the same course as modern Lysikrates street. The arch faces the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates 207m to the northwest along this street. At the time that it was recorded architecturally by Stuart and Revett in"
"its east by one of the two Senate houses of the city, built by Constantine or Julian (r. 360–363) and rebuilt by Justinian with a porch of six great columns adorning its front. Next to the Senate, at the southeastern corner stood the monumental ""Chalkē"" Gate, the entrance to the imperial palace precinct, while to the southwest stood the great Baths of Zeuxippus and the northern end of the Hippodrome. In the 7th century, probably under Patriarch Thomas I (r. 607–610) a big three-aisled basilica called the ""Thōmaitēs"" (Θωμαΐτης) was erected on the southeastern side of the square. It was"
"and Thucydides state that Polykrates ruled during the reign of the Persian king Kambyses (c. 529-522 BC). This would thus date the monument at about 525 BC. one source considers the date of construction as more likely some time absolutely limited to after 480 BC (Whitley). The croquis of the treasury develops in two parts; a pronaos, or porch, and a cella, or enclosure. The pronaos is distyle in antis, i.e., the side walls extend to the front of the porch, and the pediment is supported by two caryatids instead of plain pilasters. Below the pediment runs a continuous frieze."
"sanctuary. The classical period, between the 5th and 4th centuries BC, was the golden age of the site at Olympia. A wide range of new religious and secular buildings and structures were constructed. The Temple of Zeus was built in the middle of the 5th century BC. Its size, scale and ornamentation was beyond anything previously constructed on the site. Further sporting facilities, including the final iteration of the stadium, and the hippodrome (for chariot-racing) were constructed. The Prytaneion was built at the northwest side of the site in 470 BC. Also, the Greek Baths were constructed in the middle"
"two rows of acanthus leaves and four scrolls. It is commonly regarded as the most elegant of the three orders. The shaft of the Corinthian order has 24 flutes. The column is commonly ten diameters high. The Roman writer Vitruvius credited the invention of the Corinthian order to Callimachus, a Greek sculptor of the 5th century BC. The oldest known building built according to this order is the Choragic Monument of Lysicrates in Athens, constructed from 335 to 334 BC. The Corinthian order was raised to rank by the writings of Vitruvius in the 1st century BC. The Romans adapted"
"Chrysotriklinos The Chrysotriklinos (, ""golden reception hall"", cf. ""triclinium""), Latinized as Chrysotriclinus or Chrysotriclinium, was the main reception and ceremonial hall of the Great Palace of Constantinople from its construction, in the late 6th century, until the 10th century. Its appearance is known only through literary descriptions, chiefly the 10th-century ""De Ceremoniis"", a collection of imperial ceremonies, but, as the chief symbol of imperial power, it inspired the construction of Charlemagne's Palatine Chapel in Aachen. The hall is usually attributed to Emperor Justin II (r. 565–578), with his successor, Tiberius II (r. 578–582) finishing it and carrying out its decoration."
"mid 5th century as a Christian healing center. The prosperity brought by the asclepeion enabled Epidaurus to construct civic monuments, including the huge theatre that delighted Pausanias for its symmetry and beauty, used again today for dramatic performances, the ceremonial ""hestiatoreion"" (banqueting hall), and a palaestra. The ancient theatre of Epidaurus was designed by Polykleitos the Younger in the 4th century BC. The original 34 rows were extended in Roman times by another 21 rows. As is usual for Greek theatres (and as opposed to Roman ones), the view on a lush landscape behind the ""skênê"" is an integral part"
"passed from Triphylia to Elis, or in the 5th century BC when the famous Temple of Zeus was built. The temple measures at the level of the temple platform, the ""stylobate"". It was longer and narrower than the common architecture of the previous era, though the elongated proportions are a common feature of early Doric architecture. It has a ""peripteros"" — a colonnaded perimeter — of 6 by 16 columns which were originally wooden because those were the materials available at the time. The travel writer Pausanias described it in his ""Description of Greece"": A long-standing theory holds that the"
"Bouleuterion of Ancient Olympia The Bouleuterion (Council House) of Ancient Olympia was a building inside the archaeological site of Olympia. A bouleuterion was an assembly house for local legislatures and other meetings. The Bouleuterion is situated inside the sacred enclosure of the Altis, south of the temple of Zeus. The Bouleuterion consisted of two apsidal buildings on its west side, which were connected to a square hall and an Ionic portico on the east side. Construction begun in the sixth century BC and was completed in the fourth century BC. However, minor additions and changes were made during the Roman"
"hall, two transverse halls, and a barque sanctuary surrounded by chapels."" The building was started during the reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes and completed in 57 BC under Ptolemy XII Auletes. It was built on the site of an earlier, smaller temple also dedicated to Horus, although the previous structure was oriented east-west rather than north-south as in the present site. A ruined pylon lies just to the east of the current temple; inscriptional evidence has been found indicating a building program under the New Kingdom rulers Ramesses I, Seti I and Ramesses II. A naos of Nectanebo II, a"
"of the one-eyed giants known as the Cyclopes (singular: Cyclops). Within these walls, much of which can still be seen, successive monumental palaces were built. The final palace, remains of which are currently visible on the acropolis of Mycenae, dates to the start of LHIIIA:2. Earlier palaces must have existed, but they had been cleared away or built over. The construction of palaces at that time with a similar architecture was general throughout southern Greece. They all featured a megaron, or throne room, with a raised central hearth under an opening in the roof, which was supported by four columns"
"three walls and an interior central line of columns to support a roof structure. A much larger temple was built by the architects Rhoikos and Theodoros ca. 570-550 BC. The temple stood opposite the cult altar of Hera in her walled and gated ""temenos"". It was a dipteral temple, that is with a portico of columns two deep, which surrounded it entirely (peripteral). It had a deep square-roofed pronaos in front of a closed cella. Cella and pronaos were divided into three equal aisles by two rows of columns that marched down the pronaos and through the temple. The result"
"of the sculptural decoration. The architects Ictinos and Callicrates began their work in 447 BC, and the building was substantially completed by 432, but work on the decorations continued until at least 431. The Parthenon is a peripteral octastyle Doric temple with Ionic architectural features. It stands on a platform or stylobate of three steps. In common with other Greek temples, it is of post and lintel construction and is surrounded by columns (""peripteral"") carrying an entablature. There are eight columns at either end (""octastyle"") and seventeen on the sides. There is a double row of columns at either end."
"Asclepius. The architectural design of the building was credited in antiquity to the sculptor Polykleitos the Younger, son of the Classical Greek sculptor Polykleitos the Elder. The temple was erected in the 4th century BC. These capitals, in one of the most-visited sacred sites of Greece, influenced later Hellenistic and Roman designs for the Corinthian order. The concave sides of the abacus meet at a sharp keel edge, easily damaged, which in later and post-Renaissance practice has generally been replaced by a canted corner. Behind the scrolls the spreading cylindrical form of the central shaft is plainly visible. Much later,"
"Hekatompedon temple The Hekatompedon or Hekatompedos (, from , ""hundred"", and πούς, ""foot""), also known as ""Ur-Parthenon"" and ""H–Architektur"", was an ancient Greek temple on the Acropolis of Athens built from limestone in the Archaic period, and was placed in the position of the present Parthenon. The name of the temple was found in inscriptions and means “100 feet long” (ca. 30 m), although its length reached 46 m. The temple was built around 570–550 BC. It was demolished by the Athenians in 490 BC after the victory over the Persians at Marathon to build a larger temple known as"
"which was completed in 320 BC. William Bell Dinsmoor notes that expense reports suggest that Xenodorus and Agathon continued Spintharus' construction on the fourth century temple. Middleton also suggested Spintharus also built the temple at Corinth due to similarities in some of the details such as the hypotrachelia. Spintharus of Corinth Spintharus of Corinth () was an ancient Greek architect. Pausanias reported in his ""Descriptions of Greece"" that the Alcmaeonids hired him to build a temple at Delphi. This is the only record of Spintharus. The temple to Apollo at Delphi had to be rebuilt after a fire in 548"
"order to complete it between 211 (when Severus died) and 216. Work on additional decorations continued under Caracalla's successors Elagabalus and Severus Alexander. The baths were likely mostly finished by 235. Later renovations were conducted under Aurelian (after a fire) and by Diocletian. Under Constantine the Great the ""caldarium"" was modified. The building was heated by a hypocaust, a system of burning coal and wood underneath the ground to heat water provided by a dedicated aqueduct. The baths were free and open to the public. The baths were fully functional in the 5th century when they were referred to as"
"to the latter half of the sixth century, BC. Karl Julius Sillig wrote Spintharus lived around the time of the 60th Olympiad, i.e., 540 BC. However, James George Frazer argued he built the fourth century temple. He notes that Xenodorus is inscribed as the fourth century architect, but suggests Spintharus planned and began construction and Xenodorus continued construction after his death. Janina K. Darling reports Spintharus began construction in 346 BC and after his death the project was completed by the architects Xenodorus and Agathon. Hélène Perdicoyianni-Paléologou also lists all three architects as working on the rebuilding of the temple,"
"was constructed between 525-505 BC and ruined by fire or earthquake in 373 BC, the sixth temple of Apollo was finished in 320 BC and is the one visible today. Temple of Apollo (Delphi) The ruins of the Temple of Apollo visible today date from the 4th century BC, and are of a peripteral Doric building. It was erected by Spintharus, Xenodoros, and Agathon on the remains of an earlier temple, dated to the 6th century BC which itself was erected on the site of a 7th-century BC construction attributed to the architects Trophonios and Agamedes. The 6th-century BC temple"
"the ""Discophoros"" (""Discus-bearer""), ""Diadumenos"" (""Youth tying a headband"") and a Hermes at one time placed, according to Pliny, in Lysimachia (Thrace). Polykleitos' ""Astragalizontes"" (""Boys Playing at Knuckle-bones"") was claimed by the Emperor Titus and set in a place of honour in his atrium. Pliny also mentions that Polykleitos was one of the five major sculptors who competed in the fifth century B.C. to make a wounded Amazon for the temple of Artemis; marble copies associated with the competition survive. Polykleitos, along with Phidias, created the Classical Greek style. Although none of his original works survive, literary sources identifying Roman marble"
"Dinocrates Dinocrates of Rhodes (also Deinocrates, Dimocrates, Cheirocrates and Stasicrates; , fl. last quarter of the 4th century BC) was a Greek architect and technical adviser for Alexander the Great. He is known for his plan for the city of Alexandria, the monumental funeral pyre for Hephaestion and the reconstruction of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, as well as other works. Prior to the building of Alexandria, when Alexander was looking to build a city in his glory, Dinocrates proposed to build a city on Mount Athos. Alexander dropped the proposal as Dinocrates reportedly did not consider the living"
"Chersiphron Chersiphron (; ; fl. 6th century BC), an architect of Knossos in ancient Crete, was the builder of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, on the Ionian coast. The original temple was destroyed in the 7th century BC, and about 550 BC Chersiphron and his son Metagenes began a new temple, the ""Artemision"", which became one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World in each of its three manifestations. It was burned by Herostratus in July 356 BC and rebuilt again. The architect's name is recalled in Vitruvius, and in a passage of Pliny as ""Ctesiphon"", perhaps in"
"the building of the church a monastery bearing the same name was built near the edifice. Construction of the new church began shortly before that of Hagia Sophia, built from 532 to 537. It was believed that the building had been designed by the same architects, Isidorus of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, as a kind of ""dress rehearsal"" for that of the largest church of the Byzantine Empire. However, the building is quite different in architectural detail from the Hagia Sophia and the notion that it was but a small-scale version has largely been discredited. During the years 536"
"that it was built shortly after the Triumvirate's vote in 43 BCE, between 20 and 10 BCE, or during the reign of Caligula (37-41 CE). The whole complex was also rebuilt by Domitian after its destruction in the great fire of 80, and later restored by Severus Alexander. If still in use during the 4th-century, it would have been closed during the persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire. A fire in the 5th century CE left the structure dilapidated, and its last remains were probably destroyed in the following centuries, although parts of it (such as the two"
"signifying three different buildings of the 6th century B.C. The tholos of the Sicyonians was probably the oldest construction, dating to ca 580 B.C. and built right after the First Sacred War at the instigation of the tyrant of Sicyon Cleisthenes, who was the most prominent leader in that war. It measured 6.3 meters at the base and 3.54 meters at the floor level and was surrounded by a colonnade consisting of 13 Doric columns and a Doric architrave. The cella was circular, made of ashlar masonry with a single door. The height of the walls was 4.04 meters. The"
"location another archaeologist named Ross excavated in 1834. Once Wilhelm saw the same ruins he cleared in 1834, Wilhelm went towards the ruins to examine and he immediately confirmed it was the old temple of Athena. Wilhelm Dörpfeld assumed that the original structure was a double temple ""In antis"", dating to about 570 BC, lengthened and broadened by the addition of the P""eristasis"" under Peisistratus, between 529 and 520 BC. This idea led to a subdivision of the foundations into an inner smaller structure known as ""H-Architektur"" and assumed to be the oldest part of the building, followed by a"
"This Doric limestone building, from which many relics survive, is referred to as the ""Hekatompedon"" (Greek for ""hundred–footed""), ""Ur-Parthenon"" (German for ""original Parthenon"" or ""primitive Parthenon""), ""H–Architecture"" or ""Bluebeard"" temple, after the pedimental three-bodied man-serpent sculpture, whose beards were painted dark blue. Whether this temple replaced an older one, or just a sacred precinct or altar, is not known. Probably, the ""Hekatompedon"" was built where the Parthenon now stands. Between 529–520 BC yet another temple was built by the Peisistratids, the Old Temple of Athena, usually referred to as the ""Arkhaios Neōs"" (ἀρχαῖος νεώς, ""ancient temple""). This temple of Athena"
"one. The temple was constructed in the 5th-century BC. It was situated at the top peak of the Acrocorinth. According to the myth, the Acrocorinth had been given to Aphrodite by Poseidon. It was a small building, 10 by 16 metres. It cointained a famous statue of Armed Aphrodite, dressed in armour and holding a shield before herself as a mirror. Temple of Aphrodite at Acrocorinth is above all famous for the temple prostition of courtesans, which where dedicated to the service of the temple, and contributed to the attraction of visitors to the city of Corinth. The alleged temple"