Which classical composer completed 104 symphonies?
"typical, but the recapitulation does not occur immediately. Instead, the development is extended with a section in F minor, after which the recapitulation in D major follows immediately. Symphony No. 104 (Haydn) The Symphony No. 104 in D major (H. 1/104) is Joseph Haydn's final symphony. It is the last of the twelve London symphonies, and is known (somewhat arbitrarily, given the existence of eleven others) as the London Symphony. In Germany it is commonly known as the Salomon Symphony after Johann Peter Salomon, who arranged Haydn's two tours of London, even though it is one of three of the"
"Schubert's symphonies Franz Schubert completed seven symphonies; nonetheless, one of his incomplete symphonies, the ""Unfinished Symphony"" is among his most popular works. By 1818, Schubert had completed 6 symphonies: Apart from the ""Great C major"" (D. 944), all of Schubert's late symphony projects remained unfinished. Confusion arose quite early over the numbering of Schubert's symphonies, in particular the ""Great C major"" Symphony. George Grove, who rediscovered many of Schubert's symphonies, assigned the following numbering after his 1867 visit to Vienna: Breitkopf & Härtel, when preparing the 1897 complete works publication, originally planned to publish only complete works (which would have"
"symphonies The following sources illustrate the confusion around the numbering of Schubert's late symphonies. The B minor ""Unfinished"" Symphony is variously published as No. 7 and No. 8, in both German and English. Franz Schubert Franz Peter Schubert (; 31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras. Despite his short lifetime, Schubert left behind a vast oeuvre, including more than 600 secular vocal works (mainly Lieder), seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a large body of piano and chamber music. His major works include the Piano Quintet in"
"is a massive work in the Classical idiom. Of the early Romantics, Felix Mendelssohn (five symphonies) and Robert Schumann (four) continued to write symphonies in the classical mold, though using their own musical language. In contrast, Hector Berlioz favored programmatic works, including his ""dramatic symphony"" ""Roméo et Juliette"" and the highly original ""Symphonie fantastique"". The latter is also a programme work and has both a march and a waltz and five movements instead of the customary four. His fourth and last symphony, the ""Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale"" (originally titled ""Symphonie militaire"") was composed in 1840 for a 200-piece marching"
"Symphony No. 41 (Mozart) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completed his Symphony No. 41 in C major, K. 551, on 10 August 1788. The longest and last symphony that he composed, it is regarded by many critics as among the greatest symphonies in classical music. The work is nicknamed the ""Jupiter"" Symphony. This name stems not from Mozart but rather was likely coined by the impresario Johann Peter Salomon. The symphony is scored for flute, two oboes, two bassoons, two horns in C, two trumpets in C, timpani in C and G, and strings. Symphony No. 41 is the last of a"
"of the most complex symphonic writing ever created. As scholars study Bruckner's scores they continue to revel in the complexity of Bruckner's creative logic."" Bruckner composed eleven symphonies, the first, the Study Symphony in F minor in 1863, the last, the unfinished Symphony No. 9 in D minor in 1887–96. With the exception of Symphony No. 4 (""Romantic""), none of Bruckner's symphonies has a subtitle and in the case of those that now do, the nicknames or subtitles did not originate with the composer. Bruckner's symphonies are scored for a fairly standard orchestra of woodwinds in pairs, four horns, two"
"Sinfonia Concertante for Violin, Viola, Cello and Orchestra (Mozart) The Sinfonia Concertante for Violin, Viola, Cello and Orchestra in A major, K.Anh 104 (320e), is an incomplete composition by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Mozart is believed to have started work on this concerto around the same time as the Sinfonia Concertante in E-flat major K. 364. For unknown reasons Mozart abandoned the work after writing 134 bars of the opening movement. As completed the work consists of a single movement ""Allegro"". Several composers have completed the movement. Around 1870, Otto Bach composed a completion which Dennis Pajot described as having a"
"which have the advantage of indicating the groups of six quartets that Haydn published together; thus for example the string quartet Opus 76, No. 3 is the third of the six quartets published in 1799 as Opus 76. Informational notes Citations Bibliography<br> Joseph Haydn (Franz) Joseph Haydn (; ; 31 March 173231 May 1809) was an Austrian composer of the Classical period. He was instrumental in the development of chamber music such as the piano trio. His contributions to musical form have earned him the epithets ""Father of the Symphony"" and ""Father of the String Quartet"". Haydn spent much of"
"numbers, in addition to a number of nearly 140 works without such numbers. He wrote music in all genres. His nine symphonies (a tenth was completed, but withdrawn: Cf.) show a progress from the classical style of his predecessors to program music: his sixth symphony represents successive styles from ""Bach–Handel"" to the moderns; his seventh symphony represents the 'sacred and secular in human life' with a double orchestra; and his ninth symphony represents ""Die Jahreszeiten"" (The Seasons). (The autograph score of the tenth symphony, which bears the complete work, is held by the Staatsbibliothek Berlin. Furthermore the same institution holds"
"Symphonic poems (Liszt) The symphonic poems of the Hungarian composer Franz Liszt are a series of 13 orchestral works, numbered S.95–107. The first 12 were composed between 1848 and 1858 (though some use material conceived earlier); the last, ""Von der Wiege bis zum Grabe"" (""From the Cradle to the Grave""), followed in 1882. These works helped establish the genre of orchestral program music—compositions written to illustrate an extra-musical plan derived from a play, poem, painting or work of nature. They inspired the symphonic poems of Bedřich Smetana, Antonín Dvořák, Richard Strauss and others. Liszt's intent, according to musicologist Hugh MacDonald,"
"Symphony, K. 111+120 (Mozart) The Symphony in D major ""No. 48"", K. 111+120, was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1771. The first two movements are from the overture to the opera ""Ascanio in Alba"", K. 111, and the last movement, K. 120, was composed separately. <score vorbis=""1""> \relative c"" { </score> The symphony is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two horns, two trumpets, timpani and strings. The trumpets and timpani are silent for the second movement. The symphony consists of the following movements: The Alte Mozart-Ausgabe (published 1879–1882) gives the numbering sequence 1–41 for the 41 numbered symphonies."
"Symphony, K. 81 (Mozart) The Symphony in D major ""No. 44"", K. 81/73l, may have been written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1770 in Rome, although it has sometimes also been attributed to his father Leopold Mozart. The symphony is scored for two oboes, two horns and strings. In contemporary orchestras, it was also usual to include bassoons and harpsichord if they were available in the orchestra to reinforce the bass line and act as the continuo. The horns are silent for the second movement. The duration is approximately 10 minutes. \relative c' { </score> The symphony consists of the"
"Symphony No. 101 (Haydn) The Symphony No. 101 in D major (Hoboken 1/101) is the ninth of the twelve London symphonies written by Joseph Haydn. It is popularly known as The Clock because of the ""ticking"" rhythm throughout the second movement. Haydn completed the symphony in 1793 or 1794. He wrote it for the second of his two visits to London. Having heard one of his symphonies played in London with an orchestra of 300-strong, his ""Clock"" Symphony has that large scale grandeur written in it. On 3 March 1794, the work was premiered with an orchestra of 60 personally"
"it!..."" Musicologist Dr. Alan Walker stated that Liszt's Beethoven Symphony transcriptions ""are arguably the greatest work of transcription ever completed in the history of music."" Beethoven Symphonies (Liszt) Beethoven Symphonies (), S.464, are a set of nine transcriptions for solo piano by Franz Liszt of Ludwig van Beethoven's symphonies 1–9. They are among the most technically demanding piano music ever written. By 1837, Liszt appears to have completed the transcriptions of the fifth, sixth and seventh symphonies, of which the fifth and sixth were published by Breitkopf & Härtel and the seventh by Tobias Haslinger. In 1843, he arranged the"
"Symphony No. 100 (Haydn) The Symphony No. 100 in G major, Hoboken I/100, is the eighth of the twelve London symphonies written by Joseph Haydn and completed in 1793 or 1794. It is popularly known as the Military Symphony. The nickname ""Military"" derives from the second movement, which features prominent fanfares written for C-trumpets and percussion effects. One reviewer wrote after the premiere that the second movement evoked the ""hellish roar of war increas[ing] to a climax of horrid sublimity!"" The work is in standard four movement form and scored for two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets, two bassoons, two"
"Discography of Sibelius symphony cycles This article aims to include information on the conductors and orchestras that have recorded the seven symphonies of the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius (1865–1957). A complete cycle includes the following compositions: To date, the Finnish conductor Paavo Berglund and the English conductor Sir Colin Davis have recorded the Sibelius cycles three times. A number of other conductors have recorded the complete Sibelius symphonies twice: Vladimir Ashkenazy, Pietari Inkinen, Neemi Järvi, Lorin Maazel, Sir Simon Rattle, Leif Segerstam, Osmo Vänskä, and Akeo Watanabe. Bernstein's second cycle, listed below, is incomplete as are those of Herbert von"
"Symphony No. 103 (Haydn) Symphony No. 103 in E major (H. 1/103) is the eleventh of the twelve London symphonies written by Joseph Haydn. This symphony is nicknamed The Drumroll after the long roll on the timpani with which it begins. It is from 1795, and his penultimate symphony. The symphony was the eleventh of twelve that were composed for performance in England during Haydn's two journeys there (1791–1792, 1794–1795), arranged and organized by the great impresario, Johann Peter Salomon. Haydn's music was well known in England well before the composer traveled there, and members of the British musical public"
"Symphony No. 84 (Haydn) The Symphony No. 84 in E major, Hoboken I/84, is the third of the six Paris Symphonies (numbers 82–87) written by Joseph Haydn. It is sometimes known by the subtitle In nomine Domini. The symphony was one of a series of six symphonies commissioned in 1784 by the Concert de la Loge Olympique, a popular concert subscription in Paris (hence the name for the series as a whole). Like the other Paris symphonies, Symphony no. 84 was written for the largest orchestral ensemble that Haydn had written for up until that time, including reinforced woodwind parts"
"Robert Simpson (composer) Robert Wilfred Levick Simpson (2 March 1921 – 21 November 1997) was an English composer and long-serving BBC producer and broadcaster. He is best known for his orchestral and chamber music (particularly those in the key classical forms: 11 symphonies and 15 string quartets), and for his writings on the music of Beethoven, Bruckner, Nielsen and Sibelius. He studied composition under Herbert Howells. Remarkably for a living contemporary composer, a Robert Simpson Society was formed in 1980 by individuals concerned that Simpson's music had been unfairly neglected. The Society aims to bring Simpson's music to a wider"
"Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (; ; baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Classical music, he remains one of the most recognised and influential of all composers. His best-known compositions include 9 symphonies; 5 piano concertos; 1 violin concerto; 32 piano sonatas; 16 string quartets; a mass, the ""Missa solemnis""; and an opera, ""Fidelio"". Beethoven was born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of the Holy Roman Empire. He displayed his musical talents at"
"Symphony, K. 74g (Mozart) The Symphony in B major ""No. 54"", K. Anh. 216/74g/Anh.C 11.03, may have been written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1771 in Salzburg. \relative c"" { </score> The symphony is scored for two oboes or two flutes, two horns and strings. In contemporary orchestras, it was also usual to include bassoons and harpsichord if they were available in the orchestra to reinforce the bass line and act as the continuo. The duration is approximately 14 minutes. The symphony consists of the following movements: The Alte Mozart-Ausgabe (published 1879–1882) gives the numbering sequence 1–41 for the 41"
"Symphony in D minor (Franck) The Symphony in D minor is the most famous orchestral work and the only mature symphony written by the 19th-century Belgian composer César Franck. After two years of work, the symphony was completed 22 August 1888. It was premiered at the Paris Conservatory on 17 February 1889 under the direction of Jules Garcin. Franck dedicated it to his pupil Henri Duparc. The score calls for 2 flutes, 2 oboes, cor anglais, 2 soprano clarinets, bass clarinet, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 cornets, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, 3 timpani, cymbals, triangle, bass drum, tam-tam harp"
"Franz Schubert Franz Peter Schubert (; 31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras. Despite his short lifetime, Schubert left behind a vast oeuvre, including more than 600 secular vocal works (mainly Lieder), seven complete symphonies, sacred music, operas, incidental music and a large body of piano and chamber music. His major works include the Piano Quintet in A major, D. 667 (""Trout Quintet""), the Symphony No. 8 in B minor, D. 759 (""Unfinished Symphony""), the three last piano sonatas (D. 958–960), the opera ""Fierrabras"" (D. 796), the incidental music to"
"Selective bibliography Richard Strauss Richard Georg Strauss (; 11 June 1864 – 8 September 1949) was a leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras. He is known for his operas, which include ""Der Rosenkavalier"", ""Elektra"", ""Die Frau ohne Schatten"" and ""Salome""; his Lieder, especially his ""Four Last Songs""; his tone poems, including ""Don Juan"", ""Death and Transfiguration"", ""Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks"", ""Also sprach Zarathustra"", ""Ein Heldenleben"", ""Symphonia Domestica"", and ""An Alpine Symphony""; and other instrumental works such as ""Metamorphosen"" and his Oboe Concerto. Strauss was also a prominent conductor in Western Europe and the Americas, enjoying"
"(D 615 and D 708A). In conclusion, the resulting and most current order followed by the English-speaking world is: The following citations illustrate the confusion around the numbering of Schubert's late symphonies. The B minor ""Unfinished"" Symphony is variously published as No. 7 and No. 8, in both German and English. All of these editions appeared to be in print (or at least somewhat readily available) in 2008. Schubert's symphonies Franz Schubert completed seven symphonies; nonetheless, one of his incomplete symphonies, the ""Unfinished Symphony"" is among his most popular works. By 1818, Schubert had completed 6 symphonies: Apart from the"
"Vivaldi (1678–1741). In addition to his nearly 60 extant ripieno concertos, Vivaldi composed approximately 425 concertos for one or more soloists, including about 350 solo concertos (two-thirds for solo violin) and 45 double concertos (over half for two violins). Vivaldi's concertos firmly establish the three-movement form as the norm. The virtuosity of the solo sections increases markedly, especially in the later works, and concurrently the texture becomes more homophonic. Concertos for instruments other than violin began to appear early in the 18th century, including the oboe concertos of George Frideric Handel and the numerous concertos for flute, oboe, bassoon, cello,"
"Inventions and Sinfonias (Bach) The Inventions and Sinfonias, BWV 772–801, also known as the Two- and Three-Part Inventions, are a collection of thirty short keyboard compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750): 15 ""inventions"", which are two-part contrapuntal pieces, and 15 ""sinfonias"", which are three-part contrapuntal pieces. They were originally written as musical exercises for his students. Bach titled the collection: Forthright instruction, wherewith lovers of the clavier, especially those desirous of learning, are shown in a clear way not only 1) to learn to play two voices clearly, but also after further progress 2) to deal correctly and well with"
"Symphony No. 94 (Haydn) The Symphony No. 94 in G major (H. 1/94) is the second of the twelve London symphonies written by Joseph Haydn. It is popularly known as the Surprise Symphony. Haydn wrote the symphony in 1791 in London for a concert series he gave during the first of his visits to England (1791–1792). The premiere took place at the Hanover Square Rooms in London on March 23, 1792, with Haydn leading the orchestra seated at a fortepiano. The Surprise Symphony is scored for a Classical-era orchestra consisting of two each of flutes, oboes, bassoons, horns, trumpets, plus"
"Symphony No. 1 (Herrmann) Symphony No. 1 is a four-movement orchestral composition by American composer Bernard Herrmann. The work was jointly commissioned in 1940 by CBS and the New York Philharmonic and was completed March 29, 1941, though Herrmann revised the work in 1973. It premiered July 27, 1941 at the CBS Radio Theater, with Herrmann conducting the CBS Symphony Orchestra. Though he would continue to compose concert music and film scores throughout his later life, the symphony would be Herrmann's last foray into nonprogrammatic music. The symphony has a duration of roughly 35 minutes and is composed in four"
"Chamber Symphony (Enescu) The Chamber Symphony, Op. 33, in E major, is a symphony written for twelve instruments, and the last work finished by the Romanian composer George Enescu. The earliest ideas eventually taken up in the Chamber Symphony date back to a sketch for a septet for winds and piano, dating from around the time of the Octet for strings, Op. 7 (1900). The score is dated May 1954, a year before his death but less than two months before Enescu suffered the cerebral stroke in July that made all work impossible. The final markings to the score had"
"Symphony No. 102 (Haydn) The Symphony No. 102 in B major, Hoboken I/102, is the tenth of the twelve London symphonies written by Joseph Haydn, at the instigation of impresario Johann Peter Salomon. It is one of three symphonies he worked on in 1794, along with his 103 and 104th symphonies. Despite being lesser-known than many of the other works in the group, it is sometimes viewed as Haydn's best symphony, in terms of successful use of compositional strengths unified in a quality undisturbed throughout the work. It was completed in the summer of 1794, and premiered at benefit concerts"
"Symphony No. 4 (Lutosławski) Polish composer Witold Lutosławski wrote his Symphony No. 4 in 1988–92, completing it on 22 August 1992. The symphony, lasting 20–25 minutes, is in one continuous movement embodying two sections: a preparatory section and a development section with an epilogue. See Stucky. 3 flutes (3rd flute also taking piccolo), 3 oboes (3rd oboe also taking English horn), 3 clarinets (2nd also taking E clarinet; 3rd clarinet also taking bass clarinet), 3 bassoons (3rd also on contrabassoon), 4 horns, 3 trumpets, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, percussion (bass drum, bongos, chimes, glockenspiel, marimba, snare drum, suspended cymbals, tam-tam,"
"Symphony No. 44 (Haydn) Symphony No. 44 in E minor, Hoboken I/44, was completed in 1772 by Joseph Haydn. It is popularly known as Trauer (). Late in life, Haydn asked for the slow movement of this symphony to be played at his funeral. The work is in four movements and is scored for two oboes, bassoon, two horns (in E and G), continuo (harpsichord) and strings: The piece is typical of Haydn's ""Sturm und Drang"" (storm and stress) period. The first movement, which is in sonata form, begins with a four-note motif played in unison which occurs throughout the"