In which country is there a volcano called Hecla?
"HMS Hecla (1815) HMS ""Hecla"" was a Royal Navy ""Hecla""-class bomb vessel launched in 1815. Like many other bomb vessels, she was named for a volcano, in this case Hekla in Iceland. She served at the Bombardment of Algiers. Subsequently she took part in three expeditions to the Arctic. She then served as a survey vessel on the coast of West Africa until she was sold in 1831. She became a merchantman and in 1834 a Greenland whaler. She was wrecked in 1840. Commander William Popham commissioned ""Hecla"" for service in the Mediterranean. ""Hecla"" saw wartime service as part of"
"on railways in the Berlin area, with 2 of them going off. The DBU Copenhagen football club """" play at Hekla Park. Hekla Hekla (), or Hecla, is a stratovolcano in the south of Iceland with a height of . Hekla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes; over 20 eruptions have occurred in and around the volcano since 874. During the Middle Ages, Europeans called the volcano the ""Gateway to Hell"". Hekla is part of a volcanic ridge, long. The most active part of this ridge, a fissure about long named ""Heklugjá"", is considered to be within Hekla proper."
"active. The volcano's frequent large eruptions have covered much of Iceland with tephra, and these layers can be used to date eruptions of Iceland's other volcanoes. Approximately 10% of the tephra created in Iceland in the last thousand years has come from Hekla, amounting to 5 km. Cumulatively, the volcano has produced one of the largest volumes of lava of any in the world in the last millennium, around 8 km. In Icelandic ""Hekla"" is the word for a short hooded cloak, which may relate to the frequent cloud cover on the summit. An early Latin source refers to the"
"in Hekla's lava can contain plagioclase, pyroxene, titanomagnetite, olivine, and apatite. When not erupting Hekla is often covered with snow and small glaciers; it is also unusually aseismic with activity only starting 30–80 minutes before an eruption. Hekla is located on the mid-ocean ridge, a diverging plate boundary. Hekla is closely studied today for parameters such as strain, tilt, deformation and other movement and seismic activity. Earthquakes in the volcano's vicinity are generally below magnitude 2 while it is dormant and magnitude 3 when erupting. The earliest recorded eruption of Hekla took place in 1104. Since then there have been"
"Hekla 3 eruption The Hekla 3 eruption (H-3) circa 1000 BC is considered the most severe eruption of Hekla during the Holocene. It threw about 7.3 km of volcanic rock into the atmosphere, placing its Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) at 5. This would have cooled temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere for several years afterwards. An eighteen-year span of global cooling that is recorded in Irish bog oaks has been attributed to H-3. The eruption is detectable in Greenland ice-cores, the bristlecone pine sequence, and the Irish oak sequence of extremely narrow growth rings. Andy Baker's team of researchers dated it"
"largest tephra eruption in the country in historical times with a VEI of 5. Farms upwind of the volcano in Þjórsárdalur valley (15 km away), Hrunamannaafréttur (50 km away) and Lake Hvítárvatn (70 km away) were abandoned because of the damage. The eruption caused Hekla to become famous throughout Europe. A VEI 4 eruption began on 19 January 1158 producing over 0.15 km of lava and 0.2 km of tephra. It is likely to be the source of the ""Efrahvolshraun"" lava on Hekla's west. The VEI 3 eruption began on 4 December. The VEI 2 eruption and the 1206 eruption"
"between twenty and thirty considerable eruptions, with the mountain sometimes remaining active for periods of six years with little pause. Eruptions in Hekla are varied and difficult to predict. Some are very short (a week to ten days) whereas others can stretch into months and years (the 1947 eruption started 29 March 1947 and ended April 1948). But there is a general correlation: the longer Hekla goes dormant, the larger and more catastrophic its opening eruption will be. The most recent eruption was on 26 February 2000. One of the largest Holocene eruptions in Iceland was the Hekla 3 (or"
"base of Hekla, an active volcano in southern Iceland. Speaking about working at the volcano, Scott said, ""If one is afraid of nature in this profession then it would be best to find a different job"". Filming also took place at Dettifoss, one of the most powerful waterfalls in Europe. The Iceland shoot involved 160 Icelandic crew members and over 200 imported crew. Scott said that the filming in Iceland comprised approximately fifteen minutes of footage for the film, and that the area represented the beginning of time. Morocco had been chosen as a location for these scenes, but the"
"on a long volcanic ridge of which the 5.5 km ""Heklugjá"" fissure is considered Hekla proper. This fissure opens along its entire length during major eruptions and is fed by a magma reservoir estimated to have a top 4 km below the surface with centroid 2.5 km lower. The tephra produced by its eruptions is high in fluorine, which is poisonous to animals. Hekla's basaltic andesite lava generally has a SiO content of over 54%, compared to the 45–50% of other nearby transitional alkaline basalt eruptions (see TAS classification). It is the only Icelandic volcano to produce calc-alkaline lavas. Phenocrysts"
"them lost their lives 24 December while Mengistu Neway, seriously wounded, was captured and brought to the capital for trial. Mount Zuqualla Mount Zuqualla (also spelled Zuquala or Chuqqaala) is an extinct volcano in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Situated in Ada'a Chukala woreda of the (East) Shewa Zone, it rises from the plain south of Bushooftuu. With a height of , it is known for its crater lake, lake Dembel, an elliptical crater lake with a maximum diameter of about one kilometer, but the trail around the crater is about 6 kilometers long. Both the mountain and the lake"
"H) eruption circa 1000 BC, which threw about 7.3 km of volcanic rock into the atmosphere, placing its Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) at 5. This would have cooled temperatures in the northern parts of the globe for a few years afterwards. Traces of this eruption have been identified in Scottish peat bogs, and in Ireland a study of tree rings dating from this period has shown negligible tree ring growth for a decade. Unless otherwise stated eruption dates are from Global Volcanism Program, other sources disagree. Hekla 3, 4, and 5 produced huge amounts of rhyolitic ash and tephra, covering"
"farms in the area. A visitor centre, The Hekla Center at Leirubakki Farm, opened in 2007. Hekla has featured in artistic works since the time of its medieval infamy. In the Spanish apocalyptic science fiction film, ""Los Últimos Días"" (2013), some news reporters speculate that three recent eruptions of Mount Hekla could have caused the spreading form of agoraphobia that kills affected people who go outside. In the Boston, Massachusetts area, Hekla pastries can be found – large, upside-down cinnamon rolls with white sugar icing spooned over the top to look like the snow-topped volcano. The British poet William Blake"
"the Gates of Hell could be found in ""the bottomless abyss of Hekla Fell"". The belief that Hekla was the gate to Hell persisted until the 19th century. There is still a legend that witches gather on Hekla during Easter. Hekla has a morphological type between that of a crater row and stratovolcano (built from mixed lava and tephra eruptions) sited at a rift-transform junction in the area where the south Iceland seismic zone and eastern volcanic zone meet. The unusual form of Hekla is found on very few volcanoes around the world, notably Callaqui in Chile. Hekla is situated"
"Hella, Iceland Hella () is a small town in southern Iceland on the shores of the river Ytri-Rangá and has, as of 2011, 781 inhabitants. Hella is situated to the east of Reykjavík on the Hringvegur (Route 1) between Selfoss and Hvolsvöllur. The name of the town comes from caves near the river. It is said that Irish monks lived there in the times of first settlement. There are small industries as well as shops. As in other regions of the country, tourism is a growing sector. The volcano Hekla is nearby so it is possible to go hiking there"
"Háifoss The waterfall Háifoss () is situated near the volcano Hekla in southern Iceland. The river ""Fossá"", a tributary of Þjórsá, drops here from a height of 122 m. This is the fourth highest waterfall of the island, after Morsárfoss, Glymur and Hengifoss. From the historical farm Þjóðveldisbærinn Stöng, which was destroyed by a volcanic eruption of Hekla in the Middle Ages and reconstructed, it is possible to hike to the waterfall along the Fossá (5 to 6 hours both directions). Above the waterfall, there is also a parking lot, to allow hiking to be done in the other direction."
"Háifoss The waterfall Háifoss () is situated near the volcano Hekla in southern Iceland. The river ""Fossá"", a tributary of Þjórsá, drops here from a height of 122 m. This is the fourth highest waterfall of the island, after Morsárfoss, Glymur and Hengifoss. From the historical farm Þjóðveldisbærinn Stöng, which was destroyed by a volcanic eruption of Hekla in the Middle Ages and reconstructed, it is possible to hike to the waterfall along the Fossá (5 to 6 hours both directions). Above the waterfall, there is also a parking lot, to allow hiking to be done in the other direction."
"Hengill Hengill (Icelandic, pronounced ) volcano is situated in the southwest of Iceland, to the south of Þingvellir. The volcano covers an area of about 100 km². The volcano is still active, evidenced by its numerous hot springs and fumaroles, but the last eruption occurred approximately 2,000 years ago. The volcano is an important source of energy for the south of the country, which is captured at the Nesjavellir power station (near the western shore of the lake Þingvallavatn) and the Hellisheiði power station (approximately 11 km southwest of Nesjavellir). Both stations are operated by Orkuveita Reykjavíkur (Reykjavik Energy). The"
"80% of Iceland and providing useful date markers in soil profiles in other parts of Europe such as Orkney, Scandinavia, and elsewhere. H and H produced the largest layers of tephra in Iceland since the last Ice Age. During the last 7,000 years, one third of the volcanic ash deposited in Scandinavia, Germany, Ireland, and the United Kingdom originated from Hekla. Hekla had been dormant for at least 250 years when it erupted explosively in 1104 (probably in the autumn), covering over half of Iceland (55,000 km) with 1.2 km / 2.5 km of rhyodacitic tephra. This was the second"
"between 1 ms and 14 m·s for most of the eruption. This low viscosity lava had a SiO content of approximately 54%. The most recent eruption was relatively short; it started at 18:18 on 26 February 2000 and lasted until 8 March. It was a VEI 3 eruption producing a lava volume of 0.189 km DRE / 0.29 km and 10 m of tephra. The eruption went through four phases: Eruption activity was at a maximum in the first hour, and by the first night the fissure on Hekla had opened to a length of 6–7 km. The steam column"
"Mount Zuqualla Mount Zuqualla (also spelled Zuquala or Chuqqaala) is an extinct volcano in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Situated in Ada'a Chukala woreda of the (East) Shewa Zone, it rises from the plain south of Bushooftuu. With a height of , it is known for its crater lake, lake Dembel, an elliptical crater lake with a maximum diameter of about one kilometer, but the trail around the crater is about 6 kilometers long. Both the mountain and the lake is a holy site to the Oromo living nearby. The ambivalent attitude regarding the holiness of the mountain is seen"
"and the second greatest lava eruption in the world in the period 1900–1970. A total lava volume 0.8 km was produced with 0.21 km of tephra. The height of Hekla was 1,447 m before the eruption, increasing to a maximum of 1,503 m, before dropping to 1,491 m subsequently. The eruption occurred over a century after the last eruption of Hekla proper, the longest dormant period since 1104. Before the eruption the volcano had been visible from the surrounding area but nothing remarkable was noticed. The eruption occurred at 6:41 am ± 3 min with a loud roar; later eruptions"
"rose to a height of almost 15 km, and ash was transported to Grímsey. During this eruption, a NASA DC-8 aeroplane accidentally flew through the plume with all instruments switched on, resulting in unprecedented measurement of a young volcanic plume. Up until this eruption, it had been assumed that Hekla was incapable of producing the most dangerous of volcanic phenomena, the pyroclastic flow. In January 2003, however, a team from the Norvol Institute in Reykjavík, under the leadership of Dr. Ármann Höskuldsson, reported that they found traces of a pyroclastic flow, roughly 5 km long, stretching down the side of"
"and Hekla, a layer of tephra up to a metre thick was deposited, including bombs with a diameter larger than 0.5 m. Bombs with areas of 50 m were dropped onto the slopes of Hekla, up to 1 km away. 51 hours after the eruption had started, ash fell on Helsinki, Finland, having covered 2,860 km in this time. The initial tephra production rate in the first 30 minutes of the eruption was 75,000 m·s, dropping to 22,000 m·s for the next half-hour. The initial phase produced 0.18 km of tephra, equating to 4.5×10 m of solid rock, covering 3,130"
"Hualca Hualca Hualca Hualca (possibly from Aymara and Quechua ""wallqa"" collar) is an extinct volcano in Arequipa Region in the Andes of Peru. It has a height of 6,025 metres. Hualca Hualca is part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, a volcanic belt which occurs where the Nazca Plate subducts beneath the South America Plate. Volcanoes in Peru that are part of the Central Volcanic Zone include Ampato, Casiri, Chachani, Coropuna, El Misti, Huaynaputina, Pichu Pichu, Sabancaya, Sara Sara, Solimana, Ticsani, Tutupaca, Ubinas and Yucamane. Hualca Hualca forms a volcanic complex with the two southerly volcanoes Sabancaya and"
"abandonment of settlement sites in northern Scotland was expressed by John P. Grattan and David D. Gilbertson. Some Egyptologists have firmly dated the eruption to 1159 BC, and blamed it for famines under Ramesses III during the wider Bronze Age collapse. Dugmore has rebutted this dating. Other scholars have held off on this dispute, preferring the neutral and vague ""3000 BP"". Hekla 3 eruption The Hekla 3 eruption (H-3) circa 1000 BC is considered the most severe eruption of Hekla during the Holocene. It threw about 7.3 km of volcanic rock into the atmosphere, placing its Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI)"
"homogeneous layer up to 20 cm thick within 50 years. Hekla is a popular destination for hiking. Following the most recent eruption the path goes most of the way to the summit; the walk takes 3 to 4 hours. In spring, skiing is possible on short routes around the rim of the crater. In summer, there are easy (F) mountaineering routes also around the crater rim, and it is possible to snowcat to the top in winter. The volcano can be reached using the buses to Landmannalaugar 30 km further east, and it is possible to stay or camp at"
"small town of San Jacinto, known for its bubbling mud pits and small geothermal electric generation plant. Telica (volcano) Telica (Spanish: ""Volcán Telica"") is a stratovolcano, one of several volcanoes of the Nicaraguan volcanic front. It is located in Telica municipality, in the León department of Nicaragua. One of Nicaragua's most active volcanoes, Telica has erupted frequently, and ash from those frequent eruptions keeps the slopes of its cone bare of vegetation. Telica has six cones, the tallest of which is 1061 meters high. There is a double crater at the top, 700 meters wide and 120 meters deep. Telica"
"springs and vapour at its sides. The hiking trail ""Laugavegur"" passes by. In front of it there is an obsidian lava field. Brennisteinsalda The Brennisteinsalda is a volcano in the south of Iceland. Its height is about 855 m. It is situated near Landmannalaugar and not far from Hekla. The name means in English: ""sulphur wave"". It comes from the sulphur spots which have coloured its sides. But there are other colours, too: green from mosses, black and blue from lava and ashes, red from iron in the earth. It could very well be the most colourful mountain of Iceland"
"volcanoes are sometimes distant from the actual volcano as was the case with Katmai. The inflation ceased after 1997. At Pinchollo in the collapse scar three geysers were active in the past; one is still active and is named Infiernillo. Hualca Hualca Hualca Hualca (possibly from Aymara and Quechua ""wallqa"" collar) is an extinct volcano in Arequipa Region in the Andes of Peru. It has a height of 6,025 metres. Hualca Hualca is part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, a volcanic belt which occurs where the Nazca Plate subducts beneath the South America Plate. Volcanoes in Peru"
"100 m. The lava beds produced were mainly the ʻAʻā lava type with Pāhoehoe and ""lava a budella"" (lava tubes) areas. In April and May 1948 CO emitted from cracks in the ground pooled in hollows near to Hekla, killing 15 sheep and some wild animals and birds. In total 24,000 tonnes of CO was emitted. Ditches were dug by farmers to drain these hollows, and the CO emission had stopped by the end of the year. The 1970 eruption of Hekla started at 9:23 pm on 5 May 1970 and lasted until 5 July. It had a VEI of"
"Reclus (volcano) Reclus (named after Élisée Reclus; sometimes confused with Cerro Mano del Diablo southwest of Reclus), also written as Reclús, is a volcano located in the Southern Patagonia Ice Field, Chile. Part of the Austral Volcanic Zone of the Andes, its summit rises above sea level and is capped by a crater about wide. Close to the volcano lies the Amalia Glacier, which is actively eroding Reclus. The volcano has been active during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. A large eruption – among the largest known in the Austral Volcanic Zone – occurred 15,260–14,373 years before present and released"
"which runs right through it. This location means that the island is highly geologically active with earthquakes and many volcanoes, notably Hekla, Eldgjá, Herðubreið and Eldfell. Eyjafjallajökull (1,666 m) erupted in 2010, disrupting European air traffic. Iceland has many geysers, including Geysir, from which the English word ""geyser"" is derived. With the widespread availability of geothermal power, and the harnessing of many rivers and waterfalls for hydroelectricity, most residents have access to inexpensive hot water, heating and electricity. The island is composed primarily of basalt, a low-silica lava associated with effusive volcanism as has occurred also in Hawaii. Iceland, however,"
"Hekla eruptions. A small eruption (VEI 3) started on 19 May and deposited around 5×10 m of tephra over the areas west and southwest of Hekla, leading to many cattle deaths, probably mainly from fluorosis. In late 1389 Hekla erupted again (VEI 3), starting with a large ejection of tephra to the southeast. Later ""the eruption fissure moved itself out of the mountain proper and into the woods a little above Skard"". Skard and another nearby farm were destroyed by a large lava flow that now forms the 12.5 km ""Nordurhraun"". In total around 0.3 km of lava and 5×10"