Which king was on the throne at the time of 'Hereward the Wake's' resistance?
"Cultural depictions of Edgar the Ætheling Edgar the Ætheling was the Anglo-Saxon challenger to William the Conqueror for the throne of England after the death of Harold II. He has been depicted sporadically in British culture. In Charles Kingsley's novel ""Hereward the Wake"" he appears as a teenager: ""a fair lad, with long straw-colored hair, and soft blue eyes staring into vacancy"" who is almost killed by Herward by mistake. He is the protagonist of a historical novel, ""Crusade"" (2012) by Stewart Binns. Initially covering years of intrigue as Edgar conspires with others, aiming to overthrow William the Conqueror and"
"Hereward the Wake (novel) Hereward the Wake: Last of the English (also published as Hereward, the Last of the English) is an 1866 novel by Charles Kingsley. It tells the story of Hereward, a historical Anglo-Saxon figure who led resistance against the Normans from a base in Ely surrounded by fen land. It was Kingsley's last historical novel, and was instrumental in elevating Hereward into an English folk-hero. Hereward is, in Kingsley's novel, the son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva. He is introduced as an eighteen-year-old ""bully and the ruffian of the fens"" who is outlawed by"
"Alfred Lynch. However, not one episode of this BBC series has survived, according to the archive records. Hereward the Wake (novel) Hereward the Wake: Last of the English (also published as Hereward, the Last of the English) is an 1866 novel by Charles Kingsley. It tells the story of Hereward, a historical Anglo-Saxon figure who led resistance against the Normans from a base in Ely surrounded by fen land. It was Kingsley's last historical novel, and was instrumental in elevating Hereward into an English folk-hero. Hereward is, in Kingsley's novel, the son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, and Lady Godiva."
"the theory that traditional English liberties were destroyed by the ""Norman yoke"", an idea earlier popularised in Walter Scott's novel ""Ivanhoe"". Both novels helped create the image of a romantic Anglo-Saxon England violated by Norman tyranny. After its publication Hereward appears in numerous popular historical works. Hereward the Wake Hereward the Wake (pronounced /ˈhɛrɪwəd/) (c. 1035 – c.1072), (also known as Hereward the Outlaw or Hereward the Exile), was an Anglo-Saxon nobleman and a leader of local resistance to the Norman Conquest of England. His base, when leading the rebellion against the Norman rulers, was the Isle of Ely in"
"the rebel leader Hereward the Wake was based. Hereward escaped capture during the siege but was caught and imprisoned; Taillebois dissuaded William from freeing him. His power base appears to have been in Lincolnshire, where he probably became High Sheriff of Lincolnshire before 1068. He married Lucy, daughter of Turold, the Sheriff of Lincolnshire before the conquest, later Countess of Chester, in whose name he held the extensive honor of Bolingbroke in Lincolnshire. In the Domesday Book he appears as a tenant-in-chief also holding Bourne and many of its manors. William Rufus further endowed him with the lands of Ribblesdale"
"Siward Barn Siward Barn () was an 11th-century English thegn and landowner-warrior. He appears in the extant sources in the period following the Norman Conquest of England, joining the northern resistance to William the Conqueror by the end of the 1060s. Siward's resistance continued until his capture on the Isle of Ely alongside Æthelwine, Bishop of Durham, Earl Morcar, and Hereward (""the Wake"") as cited in the ""Anglo-Saxon Chronicle"". Siward and his confiscated properties in central and northern England were mentioned in ""Domesday Book"", and from this it is clear that he was one of the main ""antecessors"" of Henry"
"Lord of the Manor of Headington. They later divorced. Richard Siward Richard Siward (died 1248) was a 13th-century soldier who fought as a mercenary. In 1217 he fought on the side of Henry III of England in the Battle of Sandwich. He was a member of Henry's Royal Council. In 1220 he supported William de Forz's rebellion against King Henry III. The rebellion failed in 1221 though Siward was pardoned later that year. In 1234 Siward was given control of Bolsover Castle by the English king. He participated in the 6th Crusade as documented in the Chronica Majora by Matthew"
"Fulk FitzWarin Fulk III FitzWarin (c. 1160–1258; ""alias"" Fulke, Fouke, FitzWaryn, FitzWarren, Fitz Warine, etc., Latinised to ""Fulco Filius Warini"", ""Fulk son of Warin"") was a powerful marcher lord seated at Whittington Castle in Shropshire in England on the border with Wales, and also at Alveston in Gloucestershire. He rebelled against King John (1199–1216) from 1200 to 1203, mainly over a dispute concerning his familial right to Whittington Castle, and was declared an outlaw. He was the subject of the famous mediaeval legend or ""ancestral romance"" entitled ""Fouke le Fitz Waryn"", which relates the story of his life as an"
"Eadric the Wild Eadric ""the Wild (or Eadric ""Silvaticus), also known as Wild Edric, Eadric ""Cild (or Child) and Edric ""the Forester, was an Anglo-Saxon magnate of the West Midlands who led English resistance to the Norman Conquest, active in 1068-70. The early 12th-century historian John of Worcester writes that Eadric the Wild was a son of one Ælfric, whom he identifies as a brother of Eadric Streona, ealdorman of Mercia under King Æthelred the Unready. While five of Eadric Streona's brothers appear to attest witness-lists of King Æthelred's charters, no Ælfric makes a plausible candidate for identification with a"
"later ""Historia Croylandensis"", though with some variations. By the 15th century, the Wake family were claiming descent from him and elevating his ancestry by asserting that he was the son of Leofric, Earl of Mercia and Lady Godiva. It is possible that some of the stories about Hereward mutated into tales about Robin Hood or influenced them. Hereward nevertheless remained a minor figure until the Victorian period, when the idea of native Anglo-Saxon heroism became popular. Charles Kingsley’s 1865 novel ""Hereward the Wake: the Last of the English"" elevated Hereward to the position of a national hero. It drew on"
"by playwright Donal O'Kelly with music by the composer Michael Holohan, commemorating The Flight of the Earls 1607-2007 Attribution Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone Hugh O'Neill (Irish: ""Aodh Mór Ó Néill""; literally ""Hugh The Great O'Neill""; c. 1550 – 20 July 1616), was an Irish Gaelic lord, Earl of Tyrone (known as the Great Earl) and was later created ""The Ó Néill"". O'Neill's career was played out against the background of the Tudor conquest of Ireland, and he is best known for leading the resistance during the Nine Years' War, the strongest threat to English authority in Ireland since the"
"Buckingham's rebellion Buckingham's rebellion was a failed but significant uprising, or collection of uprisings, of October 1483 in England and parts of Wales against Richard III of England. To the extent that these local risings had a central coordination, the plot revolved around Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, who had become disaffected from Richard, and had backing from the exiled Henry Tudor (the future king Henry VII) and his mother Margaret Beaufort. Rebels took arms against the king, who had assumed power from Edward V in June of that year. They included many loyalists of Edward V, and others"
"The Lion Wakes The Lion Wakes is the first novel of the ""Kingdom"" series by Scottish writer of historical fiction, Robert Low, released on 14 April 2011 through Harper. The novel was well received. The story revolves around the fictional character of Hal Sientcler of Herdmanston. Hal owns a minor holding in Lothian and the novel describes Hal's problems regarding the appointment of John Balliol by Edward I of England as the King of Scotland. The book follows the beginning of the story of William Wallace and Robert the Bruce, culminating in the Battle of Falkirk, during the Wars of"
"1449 when Anne de Beauchamp, 15th Countess of Warwick, died. Richard Neville, the ""Kingmaker"", became the next Earl of Warwick through his wife's inheritance of the title. During the summer of 1469, Neville rebelled against King Edward IV of England and imprisoned him in Warwick Castle. Neville attempted to rule in the King's name; however, constant protests by the King's supporters forced the Earl to release King Edward IV. Neville was subsequently killed in the Battle of Barnet, fighting against the King in 1471 during the Wars of the Roses. Warwick Castle then passed from Neville to his son-in-law, George"
"Battle of Wakefield The Battle of Wakefield took place in Sandal Magna near Wakefield, in West Yorkshire in Northern England, on 30 December 1460. It was a major battle of the Wars of the Roses. The opposing forces were an army led by nobles loyal to the captive King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster, his Queen Margaret of Anjou and their seven-year-old son Edward, Prince of Wales on one side, and the army of Richard, Duke of York, the rival claimant to the throne, on the other. For several years before the battle, the Duke of York had"
"position after his victory at the First Battle of St Albans in 1455, in which his chief rival Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, was killed. However, Henry's Queen, Margaret of Anjou, rebuilt a powerful faction to oppose the Yorkists over the following years. In 1459 Margaret moved against the Duke of York and his principal supporters—his brother-in-law Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, and Salisbury's son Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, who rose in revolt. The Yorkist leaders fled from England after the collapse of their army in the confrontation at Ludford Bridge. The Duke of York took refuge in Ireland,"
"location in the defence of Ely has led some to suggest that the ringfort may have been the Castle of Aldreth. According to the recorded history of the revolt led by Hereward the Wake at the turn of the 11th century, Hereward's troops retreated to the Isle of Ely, surrounded by fenland which was impassable to the Norman cavalry. An attempt was made to build a mile-long causeway, but the weight of the Norman armour caused the causeway to sink. Eventually, the Norman troops bribed a local monk to show them a safe passage across the fen. Belsar's Hill Belsar's"
"Hereford, Donnington and Caldicot were all the sites of Norman strongholds. Then William the Conqueror entrusted the subjugation of Herefordshire to William FitzOsbern, but Edric the Wild in conjunction with the Welsh prolonged violent resistance against him for two years. During ""The Anarchy"" – the prolonged civil war of Stephen's reign – Hereford Castle and Weobley castle were held against the King, but were captured in 1138. Edward, afterwards Edward I, was imprisoned in Hereford Castle, and made his famous escape thence in 1265. In 1326 the parliament assembled at Hereford which deposed Edward II. In the 14th and 15th"
"then joined by a small army led by Morcar, the Saxon former Earl of Northumbria who had been ousted by William. William sent an army to deal with the rebels. In 1071, Hereward and Morcar were forced to retreat to their stronghold and made a desperate stand on the Isle of Ely against the Conqueror's rule. Both the ""Gesta Herewardi"" and the ""Liber Eliensis"" claim that the Normans made a frontal assault, aided by a huge, mile-long timber causeway, but that this sank under the weight of armour and horses. The Normans then tried to intimidate the English with a"
"Robin of Redesdale Robin of Redesdale, sometimes called ""Robin Mend-All"", was the leader of an insurrection against King Edward IV of England. His true identity is unknown, but it is thought he could have been either Sir John Conyers of Hornby (d. 1490) or his brother Sir William Conyers of Marske (d. 1469), or even both. Whoever he was, the power behind his rebellion was Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (""Warwick the Kingmaker""). During April 1469, the rebellion was raised in the north of England. The rebels were defeated in April by John Neville, Earl of Northumberland, but further"
"the Anarchy in England. The usurpation and conflict it caused eroded central authority in England. The revolt began in south Wales, as Hywel ap Maredudd, lord of Brycheiniog (""Brecknockshire""), gathered his men and marched to the Gower, defeating the Norman and English colonists there. Inspired by Hywel of Brycheiniog's success, Gruffydd ap Rhys, Prince of Deheubarth, hastened to meet with Gruffudd ap Cynan of Gwynedd, his father-in-law, to enlist his aid in the revolt. However, with Gruffydd ap Rhys' absence the Normans increased their incursions into Deheubarth, and Gwenllian, Princess of Deheubarth, gathered a host for the defense of her"
"the rebels. Howard managed to subdue the uprising and hanged the leaders in York. In 1492 a further uprising occurred in Ackworth of which little is known except that Howard once again subdued the insurgents. A further link to a historical battle could possibly be made with the Battle of Winwaed in 655 between Penda of Mercia and Oswiu of Northumbria, King of Berenicia. The battle was mentioned by Bede although the exact location of the battle is not known. Options include Oswestry in Shropshire, Winwick in Lancashire, Whinmoor north east of Leeds and between Wentbridge and Ackworth where the"
"has been described as the biggest battle ever fought on English soil: it resulted in Edward taking the throne for himself as King Edward IV, and King Henry and Queen Margaret escaping into Scottish exile. Edward reigned for the next ten years, supported by his close allies the Neville family—pre-eminent amongst them, Richard, Earl of Warwick. It was not particularly peaceful; until 1464, there were continuous sieges, clashes and encounters in the North of England, until these were eventually crushed by Warwick's brother John. John was rewarded with the earldom of Northumberland, a title that had traditionally been held by"
"to place another of the King's brothers, George, Duke of Clarence, on the throne so that he could regain his influence. To do so, he called on former supporters of the defeated House of Lancaster. The rebellion was initiated in 1470 by Sir Robert Welles, son of Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles, a former Lancastrian, when his family fell foul of Edward. Sir Robert turned to Warwick for help. Warwick judged the time was ripe for another coup d'état, to kill Edward or remove him from the throne. Welles started gathering troops at his base in Lincolnshire, ready for a"
"Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone Hugh O'Neill (Irish: ""Aodh Mór Ó Néill""; literally ""Hugh The Great O'Neill""; c. 1550 – 20 July 1616), was an Irish Gaelic lord, Earl of Tyrone (known as the Great Earl) and was later created ""The Ó Néill"". O'Neill's career was played out against the background of the Tudor conquest of Ireland, and he is best known for leading the resistance during the Nine Years' War, the strongest threat to English authority in Ireland since the revolt of Silken Thomas. O'Neill came from a line of the O'Neill dynasty - derbfine - that the English"
"Leofric (fl. 1070) Leofric (""fl."" 1070) was an English cleric and writer who wrote an Old English history of Hereward the Wake. The author of the ""Gesta Herewardi"" claims that Leofric was Hereward's priest and wrote an account of Hereward's life in Old English. The ""Gesta""s author then used the Old English work as a source for his Latin ""Gesta"". According to the ""Gesta"", Leofric was a priest at Bourne while Hereward was active with his rebellion. No version of Leofric's work survives. The number of details in the first part of the ""Gesta"", which is where the ""Gesta""s author"
"Bigod's rebellion Bigod's rebellion of January 1537 was an armed rebellion by English Roman Catholics in Cumberland and Westmorland against King Henry VIII of England and the English Parliament. It was led by Sir Francis Bigod, of Settrington in the North Riding of Yorkshire. Following the Pilgrimage of Grace of 1536, the King had made promises which had not yet been kept and, in January 1537, a new rising began to take shape, although Robert Aske (a leader of the Pilgrimage of Grace) tried to prevent it. An undated letter from Aske to the Commons, probably early in 1537, tells"
"Shakespeare in his play, ""Henry VI, Part 2"". Jack Cade's Rebellion Jack Cade was the leader of a popular revolt against the government of England in 1450. At the time of the revolt, the weak and unpopular King Henry VI was on the throne. While little is known about the rebel leader himself, the events of the rebellion to which he gave his name are well recorded in fifteenth-century chronicles. The Jack Cade Rebellion stemmed from local grievances concerned about the corruption and abuse of power surrounding the king's regime and his closest advisors. Furthermore, the rebels were angered by"
"Wake, a local thegn. Hereward's forces attacked Peterborough Abbey, which they captured and looted. William was able to secure the departure of Sweyn and his fleet in 1070, allowing him to return to the continent to deal with troubles in Maine, where the town of Le Mans had revolted in 1069. Another concern was the death of Count Baldwin VI of Flanders in July 1070, which led to a succession crisis as his widow, Richilde, was ruling for their two young sons, Arnulf and Baldwin. Her rule, however, was contested by Robert, Baldwin's brother. Richilde proposed marriage to William fitzOsbern,"
"Richard Siward Richard Siward (died 1248) was a 13th-century soldier who fought as a mercenary. In 1217 he fought on the side of Henry III of England in the Battle of Sandwich. He was a member of Henry's Royal Council. In 1220 he supported William de Forz's rebellion against King Henry III. The rebellion failed in 1221 though Siward was pardoned later that year. In 1234 Siward was given control of Bolsover Castle by the English king. He participated in the 6th Crusade as documented in the Chronica Majora by Matthew Paris. He was married to Phillipa Basset. Thus becoming"
"Battle of Hexham The Battle of Hexham (15 May 1464) marked the end of significant Lancastrian resistance in the north of England during the early part of the reign of Edward IV. The battle was fought near the town of Hexham in Northumberland. John Neville, later to be 1st Marquess of Montagu, led a modest force of 3,000-4,000 men, and routed the rebel Lancastrians. Most of the rebel leaders were captured and executed, including Henry Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, and Lord Hungerford. Henry VI, however, was kept safely away (having been captured in battle three times earlier), and escaped to"
"1258. The French-born nobleman Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, emerged as the leader of this characteristically English rebellion. In the following years, those supporting Montfort and those supporting the king grew more hostile to each other. Henry obtained a papal bull in 1263 exempting him from his oath and both sides began to raise armies. At the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, Henry was defeated and taken prisoner by Montfort's army. However, many of the peers who had initially supported Montfort began to suspect that he had gone too far with his reforming zeal. His support amongst"
"Christianity are central themes. Charles Kingsley's ""Hereward the Wake: Last of the English"" (1866) tells the story of Hereward, the last Anglo-Saxon holdout against the Normans. It was Kingsley's last historical novel, and was instrumental in elevating Hereward into an English folk-hero. Tim Severin is a more recent novelist who has written several novels about the Saxons: ""The Book of Dreams"" (2012); ""The Emperor's Elephant"" (2013); ""The Pope's Assassin"" (2015). Robert Louis Stevenson wrote several historical romances including ""The Black Arrow: A Tale of the Two Roses"" (1888), and ""Kidnappped"" (1886). ""The Black Arrow"" is both a historical adventure novel"