Deriving from the French for 'long coat', what name is given to the close-fitting, ankle length robe worn by Christian clergymen?
"black cummerbund. The only outer coat prescribed for both black- and white-tie events is the army blue cape with branch color lining. Certain clergymen wear, in place of white-tie outfits, a cassock with ferraiolone, which is a light-weight ankle-length cape intended to be worn indoors. The colour and fabric of the ferraiolone is determined by the rank of the cleric and can be scarlet watered silk, purple silk, black silk or black wool. For outerwear the black cape (cappa nigra), also known as a choir cape (cappa choralis), is most traditional. It is a long black woollen cloak fastened with"
"Cassock The cassock or soutane is an item of Christian clerical clothing used by the clergy of Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, Lutheran, and Reformed churches, among others. ""Ankle-length garment"" is the literal meaning of the corresponding Latin term, ""vestis talaris"". It is related to the habit, which is traditionally worn by nuns, monks, and friars. The cassock derives historically from the tunic that in ancient Rome was worn underneath the toga and the chiton that was worn beneath the himation in ancient Greece. In religious services, it has traditionally been worn underneath vestments, such as the alb. In the West,"
"Geneva gown The Geneva gown, also called a pulpit gown, pulpit robe, or preaching robe, is an ecclesiastical garment customarily worn by ordained ministers in the Christian churches that arose out of the historic Protestant Reformation. It is particularly associated with Protestant churches of the Reformed and Methodist tradition. The gown, analogous to the Western doctoral robe and similar to American judicial attire, is constructed from heavy material, most appropriately of black color, and usually features double-bell sleeves with a cuff (mimicking the cassock once worn under it) and velvet facings (or panels) running over the neck and down both"
"Alb The alb (from the Latin ""Albus"", meaning ""white""), one of the liturgical vestments of the Roman Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, and Methodist churches, is an ample white garment coming down to the ankles and is usually girdled with a cincture (a type of belt, sometimes of rope similar to the type used with monk garments). It is simply the long, white linen tunic used by the Romans. As a simple derivative of ordinary first-century clothing, the alb was adopted very early by Christians, and especially by the clergy for the Eucharistic liturgy. In early Medieval Europe it was also normally"
"Cope The cope (known in Latin as ""pluviale"" 'rain coat' or ""cappa"" 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp. It may be of any liturgical colour. A cope may be worn by any rank of the clergy, and also by lay ministers in certain circumstances. If worn by a bishop, it is generally accompanied by a mitre. The clasp, which is often highly ornamented, is called a ""morse"". In art, angels are often shown wearing copes, especially in Early Netherlandish painting. There"
"dress by being generally black and by incorporating a clerical collar. The word ""cassock"" comes from Middle French , meaning a long coat. In turn, the Old French word may come ultimately from Turkish (nomad, adventurer – the source of the word ""Cossack""), an allusion to their typical riding coat, or from Persian (padded garment) – (raw silk) + (stuffed). The name was originally specially applied to the dress worn by soldiers and horsemen, and later to the long garment worn in civil life by both men and women. As an ecclesiastical term the word ""cassock"" came into use somewhat"
"of the Word. ""Original text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica"". Surplice A surplice (Late Latin ""superpelliceum"", from ""super"", ""over"" and ""pellicia"", ""fur garment"") is a liturgical vestment of the Western Christian Church. The surplice is in the form of a tunic of white linen or cotton fabric, reaching to the knees, with wide or moderately wide sleeves. It was originally a long garment with open sleeves reaching nearly to the ground. As it remains in the Western Catholic, Anglican, and some Lutheran traditions, the surplice often has shorter, closed sleeves and square shoulders. Anglicans typically refer to a Roman-style surplice"
"Surplice A surplice (Late Latin ""superpelliceum"", from ""super"", ""over"" and ""pellicia"", ""fur garment"") is a liturgical vestment of the Western Christian Church. The surplice is in the form of a tunic of white linen or cotton fabric, reaching to the knees, with wide or moderately wide sleeves. It was originally a long garment with open sleeves reaching nearly to the ground. As it remains in the Western Catholic, Anglican, and some Lutheran traditions, the surplice often has shorter, closed sleeves and square shoulders. Anglicans typically refer to a Roman-style surplice with the Medieval Latin term ""cotta"" (meaning ""cut-off' in Italian),"
"Cowl The cowl (from the Latin ""cuculla"", meaning ""a hood"") is an item of clothing consisting of a long, hooded garment with wide sleeves. Originally it may have referred simply to the hooded portion of a cloak. In contemporary usage, however, it is distinguished from a cloak or cape (""cappa"") by the fact that it refers to an entire closed garment. Today it is worn primarily by most Catholic and Anglican monks when participating in liturgical services. Developed during the early Middle Ages in Northern Europe, they became the formal garment for those in monastic life. Originally they were worn"
"Rochet A rochet is a white vestment generally worn by a Roman Catholic or Anglican bishop in choir dress. It is unknown in the Eastern churches. The rochet in its Roman form is similar to a surplice, except that the sleeves are narrower. In its Anglican form it is a descendent of the traditional albs worn by deacons and priests. In the Roman Catholic tradition, the rochet comes below the knee and its sleeves and hem are sometimes made of lace; in the Anglican tradition, the rochet comes down almost to the hem of the cassock and its sleeves are"
"gathered at the wrist. The word stems from the Latin ""rochettum"" (from the late Latin ""roccus"", connected with the Old High German ""roch"", ""roc"" and the A.S. ""rocc""; Dutch ""koorhemd, rochet"", French ""rochet"", German ""Rochett, Chorkleid"", Italian ""rocchetto"", Spanish ""roquete""), means an ecclesiastical vestment. In the Catholic Church, cardinals, bishops and certain other dignitaries use a rochet, a garment that is worn over the cassock for non-eucharistic functions. The Catholic rochet is a tunic of white, usually fine linen or muslin (batiste, mull) reaching about to the knee, and distinguished from the surplice mainly by the narrower sleeves which make"
"14th century, and it seems to have been already at that time proper to particular members of the clergy. Other Roman names for the vestment were ""succa, sucta""; it was not till the 14th century that the name ""rochettum"" appeared at Rome, but it was not long before it had superseded all the native designations. Outside Rome, too, the vestment is early met with, e.g. in the Frankish empire (9th century) as ""alba clericalis"", in contrast to the liturgical alb, and in England (10th century) under the name of ""oferslip"" in the 46th canon of the ecclesiastical laws of Edgar."
"The academic cope is similar to the parliamentary robes of prelates in the House of Lords, worn during the British State Opening of Parliament. Cope The cope (known in Latin as ""pluviale"" 'rain coat' or ""cappa"" 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp. It may be of any liturgical colour. A cope may be worn by any rank of the clergy, and also by lay ministers in certain circumstances. If worn by a bishop, it is generally accompanied by a mitre. The"
"clergy in 1812, and has changed little since. The douillette came to be called a ""greca,"" the Italian word for ""Greek,"" as it reminded Roman clergy of the long black overcoat worn by Eastern priests. Greca (clothing) The greca, or more properly the douillette, is a clerical double-breasted overcoat worn over the cassock. The greca is slightly longer than the cassock so as to entirely cover it. The greca is black except in the case of the Pope who wears a white greca. The black greca may have either a plain or velvet collar. The greca is usually worn in"
"territory of their jurisdiction. Eastern Orthodox bishops also traditionally use a cloak with a long train known as the Mandyas, which may have parallels with the development of the Catholic ""cappa magna"". For male peers, the Coronation robe is a cloak of crimson velvet extending to the feet, open in the front (with white silk satin ribbon ties) with train trailing behind. The Parliament robe of a British peer is a full-length garment of scarlet wool with a collar of white miniver fur, cut long as a train, but this is usually kept hooked up inside the garment. Court dresses"
"Sticharion The sticharion (also ""stikharion"" or ""stichar""; Greek: στιχάριον; Slavonic: стихарь) is a liturgical vestment of the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, roughly analogous in function to the alb of the Western Church. The sticharion is worn by all classes of ordained ministers in the Constantinopolitan Rite and comes in two forms: one worn by priests and one worn by deacon and other altar servers. The sticharion is derived from the ""chiton"", a long, sleeved garment which reached to the ground and was worn in ancient times by both men and women. In the form worn by deacons, subdeacons,"
"a clasp at the neck and often has a hood. Cardinals and bishops may also wear a black plush hat or, less formally, a biretta. In practice, the cassock and especially the ferraiolone have become much less common and no particular formal attire has appeared to replace them. The most formal alternative is a clerical waistcoat incorporating a Roman collar (a rabat) worn with a collarless French cuff shirt and a black suit, although this is closer to ""black-tie"" than white-tie. Historically, clerics in the Church of England would wear a knee-length cassock called an apron, accompanied by a tailcoat"
"Rite concerning details of which these documents were silent, reference is to older documents, the best of which is Nainfa's ""Costume of Prelates of the Catholic Church"".[1] The customs and documents of the Church can only express the dignity of wearing such formal dress in the appropriate venues, such as academic commencements, formal balls, dinners, and other local or state gatherings that mandate wearing formal attire. As with many other items of clerical clothing and vestments, the ferraiolo originated as an item of clothing for ancient Roman citizens, originally extending to the knee. Ferraiolo The ferraiolo (also ferraiuolo, ferraiolone) is"
"Seamless robe of Jesus The Seamless Robe of Jesus (also known as the Holy Robe, the Holy Tunic, the Honorable Robe, and the Chiton of the Lord) is the robe said to have been worn by Jesus during or shortly before his crucifixion. Competing traditions claim that the robe has been preserved to the present day. One tradition places it in the Cathedral of Trier, another places it in Argenteuil, and several traditions claim that it is now in various Eastern Orthodox churches. According to the Gospel of John, the soldiers who crucified Jesus did not divide his tunic after"
"being baptized into the Roman Catholic faith is a baptismal gown, a very long, white infants' garment now made especially for the ceremony of christening and usually only worn then. They are in fact the normal, or at least ""best"", outer clothing of Western babies until about the 19th century. The moment of progression to shorter dresses (for both boys and girls) was known as ""shortcoating"", which usually coincided with the beginning of crawling, which was difficult in a long robe, or at five to six months of age. Christening gowns are usually made of fine white linen or cotton"
"Greca (clothing) The greca, or more properly the douillette, is a clerical double-breasted overcoat worn over the cassock. The greca is slightly longer than the cassock so as to entirely cover it. The greca is black except in the case of the Pope who wears a white greca. The black greca may have either a plain or velvet collar. The greca is usually worn in place of the manto, the clerical ankle-length cloak, with or without shoulder cape, worn over the cassock. The greca, or douillette, came into the Catholic Church through France, was adapted from civil wear for the"
"Chimere A chimere ( , or ) is a garment worn by Anglican bishops in choir dress, and, formally as part of academic dress. A descendant of a riding cloak, the chimere resembles an academic gown but without sleeves, and is usually made of scarlet or black cloth. In modern English use the garment is worn as part of the ceremonial dress of Anglican bishops. It is a long sleeveless gown of silk or satin, open down the front, gathered in at the back between the shoulders, and with slits for the arms. It is worn over the rochet, colored"
"Priestly robe (Judaism) The priestly robe ( ""me'il""), sometimes robe of the ephod ( ""meil ha-ephod""), is one of the sacred articles of clothing (""bigdei kehunah"") of the Jewish High Priest. The robe is described in . It was worn under the Ephod. Like all the priestly garments, it was to be made by 'gifted artisans ... filled with the spirit of wisdom'. The Hebrew noun ""meil"" occurs 30 times in the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible, and refers not only to the robe of the high priest but also any robe worn over a tunic by men of"
"ministry. Generally, one has to be blessed to wear a cassock usually in the case of exercising a clerical duty. The ""cassock"" can also refer to a loose-fitting, pullover, hip-length jacket worn by ordinary soldiers in the 17th century. A cassock has attached sleeves and is open down the sides, similar to a mandilion. Such garments are popularly recognized as the formal uniform of the Musketeers of the Guard in ""The Three Musketeers"" – though this is suspect historically. Cassock The cassock or soutane is an item of Christian clerical clothing used by the clergy of Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican,"
"white alb and coloured chasuble. A cassock-alb is a vestment that combines features of the cassock and alb. It developed as a more convenient undergarment worn by clergy and as an alternative to the alb for deacons and acolytes. Alb The alb (from the Latin ""Albus"", meaning ""white""), one of the liturgical vestments of the Roman Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, and Methodist churches, is an ample white garment coming down to the ankles and is usually girdled with a cincture (a type of belt, sometimes of rope similar to the type used with monk garments). It is simply the long, white"
"Justacorps A justacorps or justaucorps is a long, knee-length coat worn by men in the latter half of the 17th century, and throughout the 18th century. The garment is of French origin, and was introduced in England as a component of a three-piece ensemble, also consisting of breeches and a long vest or waistcoat. This ensemble served as the prototype of the modern-day three-piece suit. The fabric selection and styling of the justacorps varied throughout time periods, as fashions frequently altered. In 1666, Charles II of England declared to reset men’s fashion by introducing a new garment, referred to as"
"soldiers since Napoleonic times were unsuitable for fighting in winter conditions. A new longer jacket was introduced which reached down to the mid thigh and this was named the 'tunic' after the 'tunica' of the intrepid ancient Roman soldier. This type of jacket soon became standard for most armies. In Western culture, its use continues primarily in a religious and uniform context. It is the primary garment worn by the clergy and members of religious orders. The religious tunic reaches to the feet and was the source of the clerical cassock, as well as, in its liturgical form, the alb,"
"when made a cardinal of the Catholic Church at the consistory of 1965. Koukoulion The koukoulion (Slavonic: ""kukol"") is a traditional headdress worn by monks of the highest degree in Eastern Christianity. (See Degrees of Eastern Orthodox monasticism.) From the 17th century, following the reforms of Patriarch Nikon, the upper vesture worn by monks of the Great Schema (""skhimonakh"") is in the form of a pointed hood with two long lappets which cover the back and breast. It is black in color, and embroidered with crosses, six-winged seraphim, and the text of the Trisagion. It is worn above the mandyas"
"the 16th century, and even, here and there, so late as the 19th. Moreover, in further contrast to the Roman use, it had, especially in the German dioceses, a liturgical character, being used instead of the surplice. The rochet was originally a robe-like tunic, and was therefore girdled, like the liturgical alb. So as late as 1260 the provincial synod of Cologne decreed that the ""vestis camisialis"" must be long enough entirely to cover the everyday dress. A good example of the camisia of the 12th century is the rochet of Thomas Becket, preserved at Dammartin in the Pas de"
"Sakkos The sakkos (Greek: σάκκος, ""sackcloth"") is a vestment worn by Orthodox and Greek Catholic bishops instead of the priest's ""phelonion"". The garment is a tunic with wide sleeves, and a distinctive pattern of trim. It reaches below the knees and is fastened up the sides with buttons or tied with ribbons. It is similar in form to the western dalmatic, which is similarly derived from Byzantine dress. The ""sakkos"" was originally worn by the Emperor as an imperial vestment, symbolizing the tunic of disgrace worn by Christ during his trial and mockery. The ""sakkos"" is usually made of a"
"person. The Reformed Protestant Reformers of western Europe rejected the traditional dress worn by members of the Roman Catholic Church because they disagreed with what it represented. Instead, they began attending church in their daily clothes, which happened to be long black robes due to the fact that the majority of the Reformation leaders were of the scholarly class. This was eventually defined as liturgical dress, and the traditional garment for those in leadership roles. By convention a minister may wear the gown only at expressly Christian services of worship wherein a sermon, that is an exposition of Scripture, is"
"is chanted by the choir during the vesting of the bishop. Sticharion The sticharion (also ""stikharion"" or ""stichar""; Greek: στιχάριον; Slavonic: стихарь) is a liturgical vestment of the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, roughly analogous in function to the alb of the Western Church. The sticharion is worn by all classes of ordained ministers in the Constantinopolitan Rite and comes in two forms: one worn by priests and one worn by deacon and other altar servers. The sticharion is derived from the ""chiton"", a long, sleeved garment which reached to the ground and was worn in ancient times by"
"modern gown is derived from the ""roba"" worn under the ""cappa clausa"", a garment resembling a long black cape. In early medieval times, all students at the universities were in at least minor orders, and were required to wear the ""cappa"" or other clerical dress, and restricted to clothes of black or other dark colour. The gowns most commonly worn, that of the clerical type gowns of Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Master of Arts (MA), are substantially the same throughout the English-speaking world. Both are traditionally made of black cloth, (although occasionally the gown is dyed in one of"