Which species of penguin is the only penguin that lives north of the equator in the wild?
"they are not found only in cold climates, such as Antarctica. In fact, only a few species of penguin live so far south. Several species are found in the temperate zone, and one species, the Galápagos penguin, lives near the equator. The largest living species is the emperor penguin (""Aptenodytes forsteri""): on average, adults are about tall and weigh . The smallest penguin species is the little blue penguin (""Eudyptula minor""), also known as the fairy penguin, which stands around tall and weighs . Among extant penguins, larger penguins inhabit colder regions, while smaller penguins are generally found in temperate"
"described as hailing from the Falklands. Opus was a comical, ""existentialist"" penguin character in the cartoons ""Bloom County"", ""Outland"" and ""Opus"". He was also the star in the Christmas show ""A Wish for Wings That Work"". In the mid-2000s, penguins became one of the most publicized species of animals that form lasting homosexual couples. A children's book, ""And Tango Makes Three"", was written about one such penguin family in the New York Zoo. Penguin Penguins (order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with only one species, the Galapagos"
"Erect-crested penguin The erect-crested penguin (""Eudyptes sclateri"") is a penguin known only from New Zealand, where it breeds on the Bounty and Antipodes Islands, although previously also known from Campbell Island. It has black upper parts, white underparts and a yellow eye stripe and crest. It spends the winter at sea and little is known about its biology and breeding habits. Populations have declined during the last few decades of the twentieth century, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has listed it as being ""endangered"". This is a small-to-medium-sized, yellow-crested, black-and-white penguin, at and weighing . As in"
"almost all located in the Southern Hemisphere (the only exception is the equatorial Galapagos penguin), with the greatest concentration located on and around Antarctica. Four of the 18 penguin species live and breed on the mainland and its close offshore islands. Another four species live on the subantarctic islands. Emperor penguins have four overlapping layers of feathers, keeping them warm. They are the only Antarctic animal to breed during the winter. Compared to other major oceans, there are few fish species in few families in the Southern Ocean. The most species-rich family are the snailfish (Liparidae), followed by the cod"
"on the IUCN Red List, the erect-crested penguin is listed as endangered and granted protection under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Erect-crested penguin The erect-crested penguin (""Eudyptes sclateri"") is a penguin known only from New Zealand, where it breeds on the Bounty and Antipodes Islands, although previously also known from Campbell Island. It has black upper parts, white underparts and a yellow eye stripe and crest. It spends the winter at sea and little is known about its biology and breeding habits. Populations have declined during the last few decades of the twentieth century, and the International Union for Conservation"
"Adélie penguin The Adélie penguin (""Pygoscelis adeliae"") is a species of penguin common along the entire coast of the Antarctic continent, which is their only residence. They are the most widely spread penguin species, as well as the most southerly distributed of all penguins, along with the emperor penguin. They are named after Adélie Land, in turn named for Adèle Dumont d'Urville, the wife of French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville, who discovered these penguins in 1840. They obtain their food by both predation and foraging, with a diet of mainly krill and fish. The Adélie penguin is one of three"
"on all continents excluding Africa, Australia and Antarctica, and the polar bear solely in the Arctic Circle and adjacent land masses. Penguins are found only around the South Pole despite similar weather conditions at the North Pole. Families of sirenians are distributed around the earth's waters, where manatees are located in western Africa waters, northern South American waters, and West Indian waters only while the related family, the dugongs, are located only in Oceanic waters north of Australia, and the coasts surrounding the Indian Ocean. The now extinct Steller's sea cow resided in the Bering Sea. The same kinds of"
"ninety percent of the Galápagos penguins live among the western islands of Fernandina and Isabela, they also occur on Santiago, Bartolomé, northern Santa Cruz, and Floreana. The northern tip of Isabela crosses the equator, meaning that some Galápagos penguins live in the northern hemisphere, the only penguins to do so. The penguins stay in the archipelago. They stay by the Cromwell Current during the day since it is cooler and return to the land at night. They eat small schooling fish, mainly mullet, sardines, and sometimes crustaceans. They search for food only during the day and normally within a few"
"on the sub-Antarctic islands of the Indo-Pacific Ocean: Prince Edward, Crozet, Kerguelen, Heard, Macquarie, Campbell, Auckland, and the Antipodes Islands. Eastern rockhopper penguin The eastern rockhopper penguin (""Eudyptes chrysocome filholi"") although genetically different is still often considered a subspecies of the southern rockhopper penguin. This species of penguin is also known to be one of the smallest species of penguins they are approximately 45–55 cm in length, and weighing 2.2–4.3 kg. The adult eastern rockhopper penguins feed on small fish, octopus, squid, and krill-like crustaceans. The rockhopper penguin ""Eudyptes chrysocome"" is sometimes considered two species, northern and southern rockhopper penguin,"
"Because of the Galápagos penguin's smaller size, it has many predators. On land, the penguins are preyed upon by crabs, snakes, rice rats, cats, Galapagos hawks, and short-eared owls. While in the water they are preyed upon by sharks, fur seals, and sea lions. They face many hazards due to humans, as well as the hazards of unreliable food resources and volcanic activity. Illegal fishermen may interrupt the penguins’ nesting, and they are often caught in fishing nets by mistake. Galapagos penguin The Galápagos penguin (""Spheniscus mendiculus"") is a penguin endemic to the Galápagos Islands. It is the only penguin"
"The flightless midge ""Belgica antarctica"", up to in size, is the largest purely terrestrial animal in Antarctica. The snow petrel is one of only three birds that breed exclusively in Antarctica. Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton. Antarctic sea life includes penguins, blue whales, orcas, colossal squids and fur seals. The emperor penguin is the only penguin that breeds during the winter in Antarctica, while the Adélie penguin breeds farther south than any other penguin. The southern rockhopper penguin has distinctive feathers around the eyes, giving the appearance of elaborate eyelashes. King"
"are shown: Crested penguin The term crested penguin is the common name given collectively to species of penguins of the genus Eudyptes. The exact number of species in the genus varies between four and seven depending on the authority, and a Chatham Islands species may have become extinct in the 19th century. All are black and white penguins with yellow crests, red bills and eyes, and are found on Subantarctic islands in the world's southern oceans. All lay two eggs, but raise only one young per breeding season; the first egg laid is substantially smaller than the second. The genus"
"Fiordland penguin The Fiordland penguin (""Eudyptes pachyrhynchus""), also known as the Fiordland crested penguin (in Māori, tawaki or ""pokotiwha""), is a crested penguin species endemic to New Zealand. It currently breeds along the south-western coasts of New Zealand's South Island as well as on Stewart Island/Rakiura and its outlying islands. Because it originally ranged beyond Fiordland, it is sometimes referred to as the New Zealand crested penguin. The Fiordland crested penguin was described in 1845 by English zoologist George Robert Gray, its specific epithet derived from the Ancient Greek ""pachy-""/παχυ- ""thick"" and ""rhynchos""/ρύγχος ""beak"". It is one of six species"
"Crested penguin The term crested penguin is the common name given collectively to species of penguins of the genus Eudyptes. The exact number of species in the genus varies between four and seven depending on the authority, and a Chatham Islands species may have become extinct in the 19th century. All are black and white penguins with yellow crests, red bills and eyes, and are found on Subantarctic islands in the world's southern oceans. All lay two eggs, but raise only one young per breeding season; the first egg laid is substantially smaller than the second. The genus was described"
"Emperor penguin The emperor penguin (""Aptenodytes forsteri"") is the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic to Antarctica. The male and female are similar in plumage and size, reaching in height and weighing from . The dorsal side and head are black and sharply delineated from the white belly, pale-yellow breast and bright-yellow ear patches. Like all penguins it is flightless, with a streamlined body, and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. Its diet consists primarily of fish, but can also include crustaceans, such as krill, and cephalopods, such as squid. In"
"Southern rockhopper penguin The southern rockhopper penguin group (""Eudyptes chrysocome""), are two subspecies of rockhopper penguin, that together are sometimes considered distinct from the northern rockhopper penguin. It occurs in subantarctic waters of the western Pacific and Indian Oceans, as well as around the southern coasts of South America. This is the smallest yellow-crested, black-and-white penguin in the genus ""Eudyptes"". It reaches a length of and typically weighs , although there are records of exceptionally large rockhoppers weighing . It has slate-grey upper parts and has straight, bright yellow eyebrows ending in long yellowish plumes projecting sideways behind a red"
"penguin. Magellanic penguins share a similar characteristic that often confuses the two; Magellanics have a double bar on the throat and chest, whereas the African has a single bar. These penguins have the nickname of ""jackass penguin"" which comes from the loud noises they make. The African penguin is only found on the south-western coast of Africa, living in colonies on 24 islands between Namibia and Algoa Bay, near Port Elizabeth, South Africa. It is the only penguin species that breeds in Africa and its presence gave name to the Penguin Islands. Two colonies were established by penguins in the"
"for which the waters to the northwest are an important feeding area. Puñihuil Puñihuil is a cove with a small community on the northwestern coast of the Isla Grande de Chiloe, which lies near the coast of Northern Patagonia in Chile. The Islotes de Puñihuil Natural Monument, three small islands, lie to the west and north of the cove. The monument is the only known shared breeding site for Humboldt and Magellanic penguins. It is also a breeding area for other species including the red-legged cormorant and kelp gull. The Alfaguara project, a marine life conservation project operates from Puñihuil."
"and New Zealand, and moved closer to the equator around 10 million years ago. Since ""Icadyptes salasi"" lived in Peru during a period of great warmth, penguins must have adapted to warm climates around 30 million years earlier than previously believed. Icadyptes Icadyptes is an extinct genus of giant penguins from the Late Eocene tropics of South America. The genus name is a combination of """"Ica"""" for the Peruvian region where the type species was found and ""dyptes"" from the Greek word for diver. The species epithet ""salasi"" refers to Rodolfo Salas, a noted Peruvian paleontologist. Standing about tall, the"
"which are concentrating waste products in their digestive tracts and nasal glands. These excretions inevitably drop to the ground. The concentration of salts and nitrogenous wastes helps to facilitate the flow of material from the sea to the land, serving to make it habitable for bacteria which live in the soils. Adélie penguin The Adélie penguin (""Pygoscelis adeliae"") is a species of penguin common along the entire coast of the Antarctic continent, which is their only residence. They are the most widely spread penguin species, as well as the most southerly distributed of all penguins, along with the emperor penguin."
"pattern; they are unique among living penguins by nesting in burrows. This group probably radiated eastwards with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current out of the ancestral range of modern penguins throughout the Chattian (Late Oligocene), starting approximately 28 mya. While the two genera separated during this time, the present-day diversity is the result of a Pliocene radiation, taking place some 4–2 mya. The ""Megadyptes""–""Eudyptes"" clade occurs at similar latitudes (though not as far north as the Galapagos penguin), has its highest diversity in the New Zealand region, and represents a westward dispersal. They are characterized by hairy yellow ornamental head feathers;"
"Southern Hemisphere, with the greatest concentration located on and around Antarctica. Four of the 18 penguin species live and breed on the mainland and its close offshore islands. Another four species live on the subantarctic islands. Emperor penguins have four overlapping layers of feathers, keeping them warm. They are the only Antarctic animal to breed during the winter. There are relatively few fish species in few families in the Southern Ocean. The most species-rich family are the snailfish (Liparidae), followed by the cod icefish (Nototheniidae) and eelpout (Zoarcidae). Together the snailfish, eelpouts and notothenioids (which includes cod icefish and several"
"are the chinstrap and gentoo, with the only breeding colony of emperor penguins in West Antarctica an isolated population on the Dion Islands, in Marguerite Bay on the west coast of the peninsula. Most emperor penguins breed in East Antarctica. Seabirds of the Southern Ocean and West Antarctica found on the peninsula include: southern fulmar (""Fulmarus glacialoides""), the scavenging southern giant petrel (""Macronectes giganteus""), Cape petrel (""Daption capense""), snow petrel (""Pagodroma nivea""), the small Wilson's storm-petrel (""Oceanites oceanicus""), imperial shag (""Phalacrocorax atriceps""), snowy sheathbill (""Chionis alba""), the large south polar skua (""Catharacta maccormicki""), brown skua (""Catharacta lönnbergi""), kelp gull (""Larus"
"The children's book ""And Tango Makes Three"" was written based on this event. Chinstrap penguin The chinstrap penguin (""Pygoscelis antarcticus"") is a species of penguin which inhabits a variety of islands and shores in the Southern Pacific and the Antarctic Ocean. Its name derives from the narrow black band under its head which makes it appear as if it were wearing a black helmet, making it one of the most easily identified types of penguin. Other common names are ""ringed penguin"", ""bearded penguin"", and ""stonecracker penguin"" due to its loud, harsh call. Chinstrap penguins have an average body length of"
"Islotes de Puñihuil Natural Monument Islotes de Puñihuil Natural Monument is a Chilean Natural Monument located southwest of Ancud. It consists of three islets off the western coast of Chiloé Island to the west and north of Puñihuil. The monument is notable for being the only known shared breeding site for Humboldt and Magellanic penguins. Also is reproduction area for other species, as are the red-legged cormorant and kelp gull. Other bird species residing in the area include kelp goose and Fuegian steamer duck. Marine otters find refuge in this protected area. Following a 2007 study by the staff from"
"African penguin The African penguin (""Spheniscus demersus""), also known as the jackass penguin and black-footed penguin, is a species of penguin, confined to southern African waters. It is also widely known as the ""jackass"" penguin for its loud, donkey-like bray, although several related species of South American penguins produce the same sound. Like all extant penguins it is flightless, with a streamlined body, and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. Adults weigh on average and are tall. It has distinctive pink patches of skin above the eyes and a black facial mask; the body upperparts are"
"that the macaroni was the most abundant species of penguin, with a minimum of 11,841,600 pairs worldwide. Macaroni penguins range from the Subantarctic to the Antarctic Peninsula; at least 216 breeding colonies at 50 sites have been recorded. In South America, macaroni penguins are found in southern Chile, the Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, and South Orkney Islands. They also occupy much of Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, including the northern South Shetland Islands, Bouvet Island, the Prince Edward and Marion islands, the Crozet Islands, the Kerguelen Islands, and the Heard and McDonald Islands. While foraging"
"Eastern rockhopper penguin The eastern rockhopper penguin (""Eudyptes chrysocome filholi"") although genetically different is still often considered a subspecies of the southern rockhopper penguin. This species of penguin is also known to be one of the smallest species of penguins they are approximately 45–55 cm in length, and weighing 2.2–4.3 kg. The adult eastern rockhopper penguins feed on small fish, octopus, squid, and krill-like crustaceans. The rockhopper penguin ""Eudyptes chrysocome"" is sometimes considered two species, northern and southern rockhopper penguin, after research published in 2006 demonstrated morphological, vocal and genetic differences between the two populations. Molecular datings suggest that the"
"that inhabits many of the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere. The northern goshawk is the only species in the genus ""Accipiter"" found in both Eurasia and North America. It may have the widest distribution of any true member of the family Accipitridae, behind arguably only the hen harrier (""Circus cyaenus"") (which is often considered two species between North America and Eurasia) and occurring over a slightly wider range than either golden eagles (""Aquila chrysaetos"") or rough-legged buzzards (""Buteo lagopus""). Except in a small portion of southern Asia, it is the only species of ""goshawk"" in its range and it"
"Curio Bay Curio Bay is a coastal embayment in the Southland District of New Zealand, best known as the site of a petrified forest some 180 million years old. It also hosts a yellow-eyed penguin colony, arguably the rarest of penguin species, with approximately 1600 breeding pairs in the extant population. The bay, along with neighbouring Porpoise Bay, is home to the endemic Hector's dolphin. Southern right whales are occasionally observed offshore, as on numerous parts of the country's coast. Located near the southernmost point of the South Island, Curio Bay is one of the major attractions in the Catlins,"
"Macaroni penguin The macaroni penguin (""Eudyptes chrysolophus"") is a species of penguin found from the Subantarctic to the Antarctic Peninsula. One of six species of crested penguin, it is very closely related to the royal penguin, and some authorities consider the two to be a single species. It bears a distinctive yellow crest, and the face and upperparts are black and sharply delineated from the white underparts. Adults weigh on average and are in length. The male and female are similar in appearance; the male is slightly larger and stronger with a relatively larger bill. Like all penguins, it is"
"include: leopard seal (""Hydrurga leptonyx""), Weddell seal (""Leptonychotes weddellii""), the huge southern elephant seal (""Mirounga leonina""), and crabeater seal (""Lobodon carcinophagus""). Penguin species found on the peninsula, especially near the tip and surrounding islands, include the chinstrap penguin, emperor penguin, gentoo penguin and the Adelie penguin. Petermann Island is the world's southernmost colony of gentoo penguins. The exposed rocks on the island is one of many locations on the peninsula that provides a good habitat for rookeries. The penguins return each year and may reach populations of more than ten thousand. Of these the most common on the Antarctic Peninsula"
"King penguin The king penguin (""Aptenodytes patagonicus"") is a large species of penguin, second only to the emperor penguin in size. There are two subspecies: ""A. p. patagonicus"" and ""A. p. halli""; ""patagonicus"" is found in the South Atlantic and ""halli"" found at the Kerguelen Islands and Crozet Island, Prince Edward Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, and Macquarie Island. King penguins eat small fish, mainly lanternfish, squid and krill. On foraging trips king penguins repeatedly dive to over , and have been recorded at depths greater than . King penguins breed on the subantarctic islands at the northern reaches"