Which French monk, doctor, plant collector and ribald satirist lived from about 1494 to about 1553?
"their works in the northern dialects of France. A second form of legend in France during the Middle Ages was epic poetry, partly historical and partly legend with themes covering the formation of France, war, kingship, and important battles. This genre was known as chansons de geste which is Old French for ""songs of heroic deeds."" It is also called the epics of the ""Matter of France"": Another folkloric medium in the Middle Ages were fables, mock epics and animal folk tales, notably: François Rabelais, 1494–1553, wrote: French fairy tales are particularly known by their literary rather than their folk,"
"salons than of sacred poetry. Cotin is remembered for his violent squabbles with Nicolas Boileau and Molière, who gave him a stinging satiric immortality as the character Trissotin in ""Les Femmes savantes"". Charles Cotin Charles Cotin or Abbé Cotin (1604 – December 1681) was a French abbé, philosopher and poet. He was made a member of the Académie française on 7 January 1655. Cotin was born and died in Paris. He was a scholar of Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and Syriac, an advisor to Louis XIV, and renowned in his time for his sermons, poetry, and erudition. He frequented the Paris"
"Gilles de Corbeil Gilles de Corbeil (Latin: ""Egidius de Corbolio"" or ""Egidius Corboliensis""; also ""Aegidius"") was a French royal physician, teacher, and poet. He was born in approximately 1140 and died in the first quarter of the 13th century. He is the author of four medical poems and a scathing anti-clerical satire, all in Latin dactylic hexameters. Gilles de Corbeil was born in Corbeil-Essonnes. He studied at the Schola Medica Salernitana, absorbing its theories and practices and becoming a teacher himself. He praises his teachers Romuald Guarna and Peter Musandinus (in turn the student of Bartholomew of Salerno) in his"
"Jean-Paul Bignon The Abbé Jean-Paul Bignon, Cong.Orat. (19 September 1662, Paris – 14 March 1743, Île Belle) was a French ecclesiastic, statesman, writer and preacher and librarian to Louis XIV of France. His protégé, Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, named the ""genus"" Bignonia (Virginia jasmine) after him in 1694. Born in Paris, Bignon was the grandson of the lawyer and statesman, Jérôme Bignon, and, though older, the nephew of the Count Jérôme Phélypeaux. He did his elementary studies at the school of the famed Abbey of Port Royal in Paris, then studied at the Collège d'Harcourt, following which he entered the"
"Jean Robin (botanist) Jean Robin is a French botanist, born in 1550 in Paris and dead on 25 April 1629 in this same city. Jean Robin was the gardener of the French kings Henry III, Henry IV and Louis XIII. He was described as ""simplicist"" (i.e. person growing ""simples"", medieval medicinal herbs) or ""arborist"" (person growing trees, ""arbres"" in French). He sowed in 1601 the first Robinia introduced in Europe, either in his garden, where is now the place Dauphine, either in the garden of the School of Medicine, which included the current square René-Viviani (where the robinia always stands)."
"Nicolas Rapin Nicolas Rapin (1535 – 16 February 1608) was a French Renaissance magistrate, royal officer, translator, poet and satirist, known for being one of the authors of the Satire Ménippée (1593/4) and an outspoken critic of the excesses of the Holy League during the Wars of Religion. Born at Fontenay-le-Comte, Vendée into a family of ""noblesse de robe"", Rapin pursued legal studies, practiced law at the parlement of Poitiers, and became ""échevin"" (municipal leader) and later mayor (1569–1570) of Fontenay-le Comte. At the start of the civil wars, he participated at the defense of Poitiers against the forces of"
"Jean Ruel Jean Ruel (1474 – 24 September 1537), also known as Jean Ruelle or Ioannes Ruellius in its Latinised form, was a French physician and botanist noted for the 1536 publication in Paris of ""De Natura Stirpium"", a Renaissance treatise on botany. Ruel was born in Soissons. He was self-taught in Greek and Latin, and studied medicine, graduating in 1508, or, according to other sources in 1502. In 1509 he became physician to Francis I, devoted himself at the same time to a study of botany and pharmacology. He was a professor at the University of Paris, and a"
"his honour. Charles Flahault Charles Henri Marie Flahault (3 October 1852 – 3 February 1935) was a French botanist, among the early pioneers of phytogeography, phytosociology, and forest ecology. The word ""relevé"" for a plant community sample is his invention. Flahault was born in Bailleul, Nord, and received his Baccalauréat de Lettres at Douai in 1872, after which he became a gardener at the Jardin des Plantes de Paris. There he came to the notice of Joseph Decaisne (1807–1882), who gave him private lessons, after which he entered the Sorbonne in 1874 to study in the laboratory of Philippe Van"
"be recognized, containing six species formerly known as Labatia, but this classification is disputed. Jean-Baptiste Labat Jean-Baptiste Labat (sometimes called, simply, Père Labat) (1663 – 6 January 1738) was a French clergyman, botanist, writer, explorer, ethnographer, soldier, engineer, and landowner. Labat was born and died in Paris. He entered the order of the Dominicans at the age of twenty. He was ordained at the completion of his philosophical and theological studies. Besides preaching, he taught philosophy and mathematics to secular students at Nancy. Abandoning this work, he devoted himself to missionary activity and for many years preached in the various"
"summopere considerando miraculo"", in which he again expounded upon the interrelatedness of all parts of the universe and his imminent restoration of the world order. As a result, he was sentenced to house arrest by the parlement of Paris, and eventually spent the last eleven years of his life confined to the monastery of St. Martin des Champs. Guillaume Postel Guillaume Postel (25 March 1510 – 6 September 1581) was a French linguist, astronomer, Cabbalist, diplomat, professor, and religious universalist. Born in the village of Barenton in Normandy, Postel made his way to Paris to further his education. While studying"
"the world, let alone the year 2012. In 2017, Nostradamus was the subject of an episode of the TV comedy series ""Over My Dead Body"" on Amazon Prime. Nostradamus Michel de Nostredame (depending on the source, 14 or 21 December 1503 – 2 July 1566), usually Latinised as Nostradamus, was a French physician and reputed seer, who is best known for his book ""Les Propheties"", a collection of 942 poetic quatrains allegedly predicting future events. The book was first published in 1555 and has rarely been out of print since his death. Nostradamus's family was originally Jewish, but had converted"
"Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet (November 4, 1720 – May 6, 1778) was a French pharmacist, botanist and explorer. Born in Salon-de-Provence, he joined the French East India Company and in 1752 was sent to Mauritius (then known as ""l'Île de France"") to establish a pharmacy and a botanical garden. He worked there for nine years. During this time he was accused of having destroyed plants from the collection of Pierre Poivre, being jealous of the latter's success. In 1762 he was sent to Cayenne in French Guiana, where he assembled a vast herbarium which"
"Charles Flahault Charles Henri Marie Flahault (3 October 1852 – 3 February 1935) was a French botanist, among the early pioneers of phytogeography, phytosociology, and forest ecology. The word ""relevé"" for a plant community sample is his invention. Flahault was born in Bailleul, Nord, and received his Baccalauréat de Lettres at Douai in 1872, after which he became a gardener at the Jardin des Plantes de Paris. There he came to the notice of Joseph Decaisne (1807–1882), who gave him private lessons, after which he entered the Sorbonne in 1874 to study in the laboratory of Philippe Van Tieghem (1839–1914),"
"Robert Céneau Robert Céneau (1483 – 7 April 1560) was a French bishop, historian, and controversialist. He was born in Paris. In 1513 he became doctor of the Faculty of Theology in the Sorbonne, and in 1515 was made Bishop of Vence. From here he was transferred in 1530 to the See of Riez, and in 1532 to that of Avranches. He took an active part in the religious and polemical discussions that attended the Protestant Reformation. He wrote several controversial works, the most important of which are: In the same year and place in which the last-named work was"
"Augustin Abel Hector Léveillé Augustin Abel Hector Léveillé (13 March 1864, Le Mans – 25 November 1918) was a French botanist and clergyman. He attended medical school prior to entering into the priesthood. In 1887 he traveled to India as a missionary, being appointed as a professor of natural history at the College of Pondicherry. In 1891 he returned to France for health reasons, settling in his hometown of Le Mans. Following a meeting with botanist Adrien René Franchet in 1900, he agreed to perform studies on the many thousands of plant specimens sent by collectors from the Far East."
"François Richard de Tussac François Richard de Tussac aka Chevalier de Tussac (1751 Poitou – 1837), was a French botanist and naturalist from a wealthy family with colonial holdings, and is noted for his four-volume ""Flore des Antilles, ou Histoire générale botanique, rurale et économique des végétaux indigènes des Antilles"", published in Paris by F. Schoell et Hautel, and one of the earliest floras of the West Indies. He became senator for Guadeloupe in the Antilles and traveled widely through St. Domingue, Jamaica and Cuba. In his book ""Cri des Colons"" (Cry of the Colonies) he opposed giving Blacks more"
"Jean Michel Claude Richard Jean Michel Claude Richard (16 August 1787 – 1868) was a noted French botanist and plant collector active in Senegal, Madagascar, Mauritius, and Réunion, and a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur. Richard was born in Volon, Haute-Saône. He was sent to Senegal in 1816 as the colony's gardener-in-chief, but served without obvious distinction until the arrival in 1822 of Baron Jacques-François Roger (1787-1849) who entrusted to Richard the creation of an experimental garden on the left bank of the Sénégal River, near the village of Nghiao, and named it ""Richard Toll"" (toll means ""garden"" in the"
"Nostradamus Michel de Nostredame (depending on the source, 14 or 21 December 1503 – 2 July 1566), usually Latinised as Nostradamus, was a French physician and reputed seer, who is best known for his book ""Les Propheties"", a collection of 942 poetic quatrains allegedly predicting future events. The book was first published in 1555 and has rarely been out of print since his death. Nostradamus's family was originally Jewish, but had converted to Catholicism before he was born. He studied at the University of Avignon, but was forced to leave after just over a year when the university closed due"
"Frère Jacques Beaulieu Frère Jacques Beaulieu (); 1651–1720), also known as Frère Jacques Baulot, was a travelling lithotomist with scant knowledge of anatomy and was also a Dominican friar. Beaulieu performed the frequently deadly procedure in France into the early 18th century. The urologic community often claims Beaulieu is subject of the French nursery rhyme ""Frère Jacques"", but this is not well-established. A possible connection between ""Frère Jacques"" and Beaulieu, as claimed by Irvine Loudon and many others, was explored by J. P. Ganem and C. C. Carson without finding any evidence for a connection. Some have suggested that ""Frère"
"patients with plants. Charles Bouvard Charles Bouvard (1572 in Montoire– October, 25 1658) was a French chemist and physician. Bouvard served as the physician of France's King Louis XIII (as successor of Jean Héroard) and as the superintendent of the Jardin des Plantes in Paris. Bouvard was himself a son of a physician from his native city who taught him his profession in Bouvard's earliest childhood, yet died when Bouvard was still a small child leaving him an orphan Recognising his skill, he was brought up by Marin Liberge, a professor at the famous university of Angers which was to"
"Gaspard Bauhin Gaspard Bauhin or Caspar Bauhin (; 17 January 1560 – 5 December 1624), was a Swiss botanist whose ""Phytopinax"" (1596) described thousands of plants and classified them in a manner that draws comparisons to the later binomial nomenclature of Linnaeus. He was a disciple of the famous Italian physician Girolamo Mercuriale and he also worked on human anatomical nomenclature. Linnaeus honored the Bauhin brothers Gaspard and Jean in the genus name ""Bauhinia"". Jean and Gaspard were the sons of Jean Bauhin (1511–1582), a French physician who had to leave his native country on becoming a convert to Protestantism."
"Conrad Gessner Conrad Gessner (; ; or ; 26 March 1516 – 13 December 1565) was a Swiss physician, naturalist, bibliographer, and philologist. Born into a poor family in Zürich, Switzerland, his father and teachers quickly realised his talents and supported him through university, where he studied classical languages, theology and medicine. He became Zürich's City Physician, but was able to spend much of his time on collecting, research and writing. Gessner compiled monumental works on bibliography (""Bibliotheca universalis"" 1545–1549) and zoology (""Historiae animalium"" 1551–1558) and was working on a major botanical text at the time of his death from"
"Jean-Baptiste Labat Jean-Baptiste Labat (sometimes called, simply, Père Labat) (1663 – 6 January 1738) was a French clergyman, botanist, writer, explorer, ethnographer, soldier, engineer, and landowner. Labat was born and died in Paris. He entered the order of the Dominicans at the age of twenty. He was ordained at the completion of his philosophical and theological studies. Besides preaching, he taught philosophy and mathematics to secular students at Nancy. Abandoning this work, he devoted himself to missionary activity and for many years preached in the various churches of France. In 1693, determined to devote himself to foreign missionary work, he"
"Charles Cotin Charles Cotin or Abbé Cotin (1604 – December 1681) was a French abbé, philosopher and poet. He was made a member of the Académie française on 7 January 1655. Cotin was born and died in Paris. He was a scholar of Latin, Greek, Hebrew, and Syriac, an advisor to Louis XIV, and renowned in his time for his sermons, poetry, and erudition. He frequented the Paris literary salons, particularly that of the Hôtel de Rambouillet as a friend of Mlle de Gournay, and his translation of the Song of Songs is more notable for its flavor of fashionable"
"Benjamin Balansa Gaspard Joseph Benedict Balansa, also known as Benjamin Balansa or Benedict Balansa (25 March 1825 – 2 November 1891) was a French botanist. Born in Narbonne in 1825, Balansa made numerous collecting trips for the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle in Paris which holds most of his plant specimens. Others are in Muséum de Toulouse. His first journey, from 1847 to 1848, was to Algiers and Mostaganem in Algeria. From 1850 to 1853, Balansa returned to Algeria, collecting plants again in Mostaganem and later in Oran, Muaskar, the Northern Sahara, Biskra and Batna. From 1854 to 1855 he undertook"
"Jacques"" was instead written to mock the Jacobin monks of France (Jacobins are what the Dominicans are called in Paris). Also responsible for the very common song - ""Brother John"" Frère Jacques Beaulieu Frère Jacques Beaulieu (); 1651–1720), also known as Frère Jacques Baulot, was a travelling lithotomist with scant knowledge of anatomy and was also a Dominican friar. Beaulieu performed the frequently deadly procedure in France into the early 18th century. The urologic community often claims Beaulieu is subject of the French nursery rhyme ""Frère Jacques"", but this is not well-established. A possible connection between ""Frère Jacques"" and Beaulieu,"
"the end of the 20th century, Albius was considered the true discoverer. Jean Michel Claude Richard Jean Michel Claude Richard (16 August 1787 – 1868) was a noted French botanist and plant collector active in Senegal, Madagascar, Mauritius, and Réunion, and a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur. Richard was born in Volon, Haute-Saône. He was sent to Senegal in 1816 as the colony's gardener-in-chief, but served without obvious distinction until the arrival in 1822 of Baron Jacques-François Roger (1787-1849) who entrusted to Richard the creation of an experimental garden on the left bank of the Sénégal River, near the village"
"by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. Jean Pierre Étienne Vaucher Jean Pierre Étienne Vaucher (17 April 1763 – 5 or 6 January 1841) was a Swiss Protestant pastor and botanist who was a native of the Republic of Geneva. He studied theology at Geneva, and from 1795 to 1821 was a pastor at the Church of Saint-Gervais. From 1808 to 1840 he was a professor of church history at the University of Geneva, and for a number of years he also taught classes in botany. Among his better-known students were botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle (1778-1841), scientist Hans Conrad Escher von"
"Guy de La Brosse Guy de La Brosse (1586 – 1641 in Paris), was a French botanist, doctor, and pharmacist. A physician to King Louis XIII of France, he is also notable for the creation of a major botanical garden of medicinal herbs, which was commissioned by the king. This garden, the ""Jardin des Plantes"" (originally ""Jardin du Roi"") was the first botanical garden in Paris, and the second in France (after the Montpellier garden created in 1593). Guy de La Brosse, doctor to Louis XIII, obtained royal permission on 6 July 1626 to found, in Paris, a herb garden"
"world. He finally demonstrated the unity of mankind in his book dedicated to our species. Dominique Alexandre Godron Dominique Alexandre Godron (March 25, 1807 - August 16, 1880) was a French physician, botanist, geologist and speleologist born in the town of Hayange, in the ""département"" Moselle. Godron studied medicine at the University of Strasbourg, and during his career distinguished himself in natural sciences as well as in the field of medicine. In 1854 he became dean and professor of natural history to the Faculty of Sciences at Nancy. Here he established a natural history museum and reorganized its botanical garden"
"in Saint-Benoît [ 2 ]. With the mathematician Émile Borel, biologist Maurice Caullery and the physicist Aimé Cotton, he co-published the scientific and literary journal La Revue du mois. Noël Bernard (botanist) Noël Pierre Joseph León Bernard (* 13 March 1874 in Paris in 17th ; † 16 January 1911 in Saint-Benoît, Vienne) was an important French botanist who died when he was finally overcome with tuberculosis. Noël Bernard was known as the famous discoverer of the symbiotic germination of orchid seeds. He also discovered Phytoalexins which are antimicrobial and often antioxidative substances synthesized ""de novo"" by plants that accumulate"
"Louis La Caze Dr. Louis La Caze (6 May 1798 — 28 September 1869) was a successful French physician and collector of paintings whose bequest of 583 paintings to the Musée du Louvre was one of the largest the museum has ever received. Among the paintings, the most famous are likely to be ""Pierrot"" (""""Gilles"""") by Antoine Watteau, or Rembrandt's ""Bathsheba at Her Bath"". Born to a family of social standing, he retreated to simple rooms in the Latin Quarter of Paris. A dedicated student devoted to the theory of medicine, he demonstrated during the cholera epidemic of 1831-32 that"
"into French in 1500 under the title of ""Jardin de santé : herbes, arbres et choses qui de iceuly coqueurent et conviennet a lusage de medecine"". ""Hortus sanitatis"" is divided into several treatises: This work has an obvious medical orientation, including the sections on animals and certain minerals. The illustrations are sketchy although quite lifelike. These and the text will be repeatedly reused in other works, even if the scientific quality of the work is very poor. The author uncritically reproduces many legends, such as the tree of life and coiled snakes; ""De animalibus vitam in terris ducentium"", in addition"