NH3 is the chemical formula for which gaseous base?
"Amar Opening The Amar Opening (also known as Paris Opening, Drunken Knight Opening, or Ammonia Opening) is a chess opening defined by the move: This opening is sometimes known as the Ammonia Opening, since NH is the chemical formula for ammonia. The Parisian amateur Charles Amar played it in the 1930s. It was probably named by Savielly Tartakower who used both names for this opening, although the chess author Tim Harding has jokingly suggested that ""Amar"" is an acronym for ""Absolutely mad and ridiculous"" . Since 1.Nh3 is considered an irregular opening, it is classified under the A00 code in"
"CH3O The molecular formula CHO may refer to: The chemical name for CH3O is methoxide. It is a base formed from methanol by replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen with a metal. A strong base and a good nucleophile. Methoxide contains one atom of carbon, three atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Methoxides are mainly organic salts and alkoxide. The organic salts are produced by a reaction between an organic acid (organic compound having acidic properties) and an inorganic base (a base that is composed of an inorganic compound). Alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol. An organic"
"HN3 (nitrogen mustard) Tris(2-chloroethyl)amine is the organic compound with the formula N(CHCHCl). Often abbreviated HN3, it is a powerful blister agent and a nitrogen mustard gas (although it is not a gas) used for chemical warfare. HN3 was the last of the nitrogen mustard agents developed. It was designed as a military agent and is the only one of the nitrogen mustards that is still used for military purposes. It is the principal representative of the nitrogen mustards because its vesicant properties are almost equal to those of HD and thus the analogy between the two types of mustard is"
"bioorthogonal chemical reporters. Azide Azide is the anion with the formula N. It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid (HN). N is a linear anion that is isoelectronic with CO, NCO, NO, NO and NCF. Per valence bond theory, azide can be described by several resonance structures; an important one being <chem>^-N=\overset{+}N=N^-</chem>. Azide is also a functional group in organic chemistry, RN. The dominant application of azides is as a propellant in air bags. Sodium azide is made industrially by the reaction of nitrous oxide, NO with sodium amide in liquid ammonia as solvent: Many inorganic azides can be"
"Azide Azide is the anion with the formula N. It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid (HN). N is a linear anion that is isoelectronic with CO, NCO, NO, NO and NCF. Per valence bond theory, azide can be described by several resonance structures; an important one being <chem>^-N=\overset{+}N=N^-</chem>. Azide is also a functional group in organic chemistry, RN. The dominant application of azides is as a propellant in air bags. Sodium azide is made industrially by the reaction of nitrous oxide, NO with sodium amide in liquid ammonia as solvent: Many inorganic azides can be prepared directly or"
"group is bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom in an alkoxide. CH3O The molecular formula CHO may refer to: The chemical name for CH3O is methoxide. It is a base formed from methanol by replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen with a metal. A strong base and a good nucleophile. Methoxide contains one atom of carbon, three atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Methoxides are mainly organic salts and alkoxide. The organic salts are produced by a reaction between an organic acid (organic compound having acidic properties) and an inorganic base (a base that is composed of an"
"Nickel oxide hydroxide Nickel oxide hydroxide is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NiO(OH). It is a black solid that is insoluble in all solvents but attacked by base and acid. It is a component of the nickel-metal hydride battery. Nickel(III) oxides are often poorly characterized and are assumed to be nonstoichiometric compounds. Nickel(III) oxide (NiO) has not been verified crystallographically. For applications in organic chemistry, nickel oxides or peroxides are generated in situ and lack crystallographic characterization. For example, ""nickel peroxide"" (CAS# 12035-36-8) is also closely related to or even identical with NiO(OH). Its layered structure resembles that"
"Guanidine Guanidine is the compound with the formula HNC(NH). It is a colourless solid that dissolves in polar solvents. It is a strong base that is used in the production of plastics and explosives. It is found in urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. A guanidine moiety also appears in larger organic molecules, including on the side chain of arginine. Guanidine can be thought of as a nitrogenous analogue of carbonic acid. That is, the C=O group in carbonic acid is replaced by a C=NH group, and each OH is replaced by a group. A detailed crystallographic analysis"
"the reorganized Hercules Powder Company. These newer and more powerful propellants were more stable and thus safer to handle than Poudre B. Currently, propellants using nitrocellulose (detonation velocity ) (typically an ether-alcohol colloid of nitrocellulose) as the sole explosive propellant ingredient are described as single-base powder. Propellants mixtures containing nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin (detonation velocity ) as explosive propellant ingredients are known as double-base powder. During the 1930s triple-base propellant containing nitrocellulose, nitroglycerin, and a substantial quantity of nitroguanidine (detonation velocity ) as explosive propellant ingredients was developed. These propellant mixtures have reduced flash and flame temperature without sacrificing chamber pressure"
"nitro groups only one of them is selectively reduced. Ammonium hydrosulfide Ammonium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula (NH)HS. It is the salt derived from the ammonium cation and the hydrosulfide anion. The salt exists as colourless, water-soluble, micaceous crystals. On Earth the compound is encountered mainly as a solution, not as the solid, but NHSH ice is believed to be a substantial component of the cloud decks of the gas-giant planets Jupiter and Saturn, with sulfur produced by its photolysis responsible for the color of some of those planets' clouds. It can be generated by mixing hydrogen"
"non-nucleophilic bases are sodium hydride and potassium hydride. These compounds are dense, salt-like materials that are insoluble and operate by surface reactions. Some reagents are of high basicity (pK of conjugate acid around 17) but of modest but not negligible nucleophilicity. Examples include sodium ""tert""-butoxide and potassium ""tert""-butoxide. The following diagram shows how the hindered base, lithium diisopropylamide, is used to deprotonate an ester to give the enolate in the Claisen ester condensation, instead of undergoing a nucleophilic substitution. This reaction (deprotonation with LDA) is commonly used to generate enolates. Non-nucleophilic base As the name suggests, a non-nucleophilic base is"
"N,N-Diisopropylethylamine N"",""N""-Diisopropylethylamine, or Hünig's base, is an organic compound and an amine. It is named after the German chemist Siegfried Hünig. It is used in organic chemistry as a base. It is commonly abbreviated as DIPEA, DIEA, or i""-PrNEt. DIPEA consists of a central nitrogen that is bonded to an ethyl group and two isopropyl groups. A lone pair of electrons resides on the nitrogen atom, which can react with electrophiles. However, as the two isopropyl groups and the ethyl group occupy much of the space surrounding the nitrogen, only small electrophiles such as protons can react with the nitrogen"
"Ammonium hydrosulfide Ammonium hydrosulfide is the chemical compound with the formula (NH)HS. It is the salt derived from the ammonium cation and the hydrosulfide anion. The salt exists as colourless, water-soluble, micaceous crystals. On Earth the compound is encountered mainly as a solution, not as the solid, but NHSH ice is believed to be a substantial component of the cloud decks of the gas-giant planets Jupiter and Saturn, with sulfur produced by its photolysis responsible for the color of some of those planets' clouds. It can be generated by mixing hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Solutions of ammonium hydrosulfide can be"
"bases: Dinitrogen trioxide Dinitrogen trioxide is the chemical compound with the formula NO. This deep blue solid is one of the simple nitrogen oxides. It forms upon mixing equal parts of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide and cooling the mixture below −21 °C (−6 °F): Dinitrogen trioxide is only isolable at low temperatures, i.e. in the liquid and solid phases. At higher temperatures the equilibrium favors the constituent gases, with ""K"" = 193 kPa (25 °C). Typically, N–N bonds are similar in length to that in hydrazine (145 pm). Dinitrogen trioxide, however, has an unusually long N–N bond at 186"
"in triethylamine. However, triethylamine is a slightly stronger base than DIPEA; the pKas of the respective conjugate acids in dimethyl sulfoxide are 9.0 and 8.5, respectively. N,N-Diisopropylethylamine N"",""N""-Diisopropylethylamine, or Hünig's base, is an organic compound and an amine. It is named after the German chemist Siegfried Hünig. It is used in organic chemistry as a base. It is commonly abbreviated as DIPEA, DIEA, or i""-PrNEt. DIPEA consists of a central nitrogen that is bonded to an ethyl group and two isopropyl groups. A lone pair of electrons resides on the nitrogen atom, which can react with electrophiles. However, as the"
"Nitrogenous base A nitrogenous base, or nitrogen-containing base, is an organic molecule with a nitrogen atom that has the chemical properties of a base. The main biological function of a nitrogenous base is to bond nucleic acids together. A nitrogenous base owes its basic properties to the lone pair of electrons of a nitrogen atom. Nitrogenous bases are typically classified as the derivatives of two parent compounds, pyrimidine and purine. They are non-polar and due to their aromaticity, planar. Both pyrimidines and purines resemble pyridine and are thus weak bases and relatively unreactive towards electrophilic aromatic substitution. In the biological"
"are: Barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, iron(II) hydroxide, tin(II) hydroxide, lead(II) hydroxide, copper(II) hydroxide, etc. When one molecule of base via complete ionization produces three hydroxide ions, the base is said to be triacidic. Examples of triacidic bases are: Aluminium hydroxide, ferrous hydroxide, Gold Trihydroxide, The concept of base stems from an older alchemical notion of ""the matrix"": Base (chemistry) In chemistry, bases are substances that, in aqueous solution, release hydroxide (OH) ions, are slippery to the touch, can taste bitter if an alkali, change the color of indicators (e.g., turn red litmus paper blue), react with"
"byproducts. It is mostly used as a propellant and aerating agent for sprayed canned whipped cream, and was formerly commonly used as an anaesthetic. Despite appearances, it cannot be considered to be the anhydride of hyponitrous acid (HNO) because that acid is not produced by the dissolution of nitrous oxide in water. It is rather unreactive (not reacting with the halogens, the alkali metals, or ozone at room temperature, although reactivity increases upon heating) and has the unsymmetrical structure N–N–O (N≡NO↔N=N=O): above 600 °C it dissociates by breaking the weaker N–O bond. Nitric oxide (NO) is the simplest stable molecule"
"Free base Free base (freebase, free-base) is the conjugate base (deprotonated) form of an amine, as opposed to its conjugate acid (protonated) form. The amine is often an alkaloid, such as nicotine, cocaine, morphine, and ephedrine, or derivatives thereof. Some alkaloids are more stable as ionic salts than as free base. The salts usually exhibit greater water solubility. Common counterions include chloride, bromide, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, acetate, oxalate, citrate, and tartrate. Ammonium salts formed from the acid-base reaction with hydrochloric acid are known as hydrochlorides. For example, compare the free base hydroxylamine (NHOH) with the salt hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NHOH Cl)."
"it is not a nitrogen hydride, hydroxylamine (NHOH) is similar in properties and structure to ammonia and hydrazine as well. Hydrazine is a fuming, colourless liquid that smells similarly to ammonia. Its physical properties are very similar to those of water (melting point 2.0 °C, boiling point 113.5 °C, density 1.00 g/cm). Despite it being an endothermic compound, it is kinetically stable. It burns quickly and completely in air very exothermically to give nitrogen and water vapour. It is a very useful and versatile reducing agent and is a weaker base than ammonia. It is also commonly used as a"
"base in organic synthesis. Sodium amide can be prepared by the reaction of sodium with ammonia gas, but it is usually prepared by the reaction in liquid ammonia using iron(III) nitrate as a catalyst. The reaction is fastest at the boiling point of the ammonia, c. −33 °C. An electride, [Na(NH)]e, is formed as a reaction intermediate. NaNH is a salt-like material and as such, crystallizes as an infinite polymer. The geometry about sodium is tetrahedral. In ammonia, NaNH forms conductive solutions, consistent with the presence of Na(NH) and NH ions. Sodium amide is mainly used as a strong base"
"and boiling (−33 °C) points. As a liquid, it is a very good solvent with a high heat of vaporisation (enabling it to be used in vacuum flasks), that also has a low viscosity and electrical conductivity and high dielectric constant, and is less dense than water. However, the hydrogen bonding in NH is weaker than that in HO due to the lower electronegativity of nitrogen compared to oxygen and the presence of only one lone pair in NH rather than two in HO. It is a weak base in aqueous solution (p""K"" 4.74); its conjugate acid is ammonium, ."
"odorless, tasteless, non-toxic, nonmetallic, highly combustible diatomic gas with the molecular formula H. Since hydrogen readily forms covalent compounds with most nonmetallic elements, most of the hydrogen on Earth exists in molecular forms such as water or organic compounds. Hydrogen plays a particularly important role in acid–base reactions because most acid-base reactions involve the exchange of protons between soluble molecules. In ionic compounds, hydrogen can take the form of a negative charge (i.e., anion) when it is known as a hydride, or as a positively charged (i.e., cation) species denoted by the symbol H. The hydrogen cation is written as"
"Turbo-Hauser bases ""Turbo""-Hauser bases are amido magnesium halides that contain stoichiometric amounts of LiCl. These mixed Mg/Li amides of the type RNMgCl⋅LiCl are used in organic chemistry as non-nucleophilic bases for metalation reactions of aromatic and heteroaromatic substrates. Compared to their LiCl free ancestors ""Turbo""-Hauser bases show an enhanced kinetic basicity, excellent regioselectivity, high functional group tolerance and a better solubility. Typically ""Turbo""-Hauser bases are prepared by reacting an amine with a Grignard reagent or by mixing a lithium amide with stoichiometric amounts of MgCl. ""i""PrNMgCl·LiCl, ""i""Pr-""Turbo""-Hauser base TMPMgCl·LiCl, TMP-""Turbo""-Hauser base, also called ""Knochel""-Hauser Base (TMP = 2,2,6,6,tetramethylpiperidino) So far"
"Manganese(III) acetate Manganese(III) acetate describes a family of coordination complexes with the approximate formula Mn(OCCH). All are brown solids, which are soluble in acetic acid and water. These compounds are used in organic synthesis as oxidizing agents. Compounds with the formula Mn(OCCH) have not been verified. Instead manganese(III) acetate adopts the structure reminiscent of those of basic chromium acetate and basic iron acetate. For this reason, manganese(III) acetate is sometimes referred to as basic manganese acetate. The formula is [MnO(OCCH)L]X where L is a ligand and X is an anion. The coordination polymer [MnO(OCCH)]OCCHHOCCH has been crystallized. It is usually"
"Gallium(III) oxide Gallium(III) oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula GaO. It exists as several polymorphs, all of which are white, water-insoluble solids. Although no commercial applications exist, GaO is an intermediate in the purification of gallium, which is consumed almost exclusively as gallium arsenide. Gallium oxide is precipitated in hydrated form upon neutralization of acidic or basic solution of gallium salt. Also, it is formed on heating gallium in air or by thermally decomposing gallium nitrate at 200–250 ˚C. It can occur in five different modifications, α, β, γ, δ, and ε. Of these modifications β-GaO is the"
"Hauser base Hauser bases, also called magnesium amide bases, are magnesium compounds used in organic chemistry as bases for metalation reactions. These compounds were first described by Charles R. Hauser in 1947. Compared with organolithium reagents, the magnesium compounds have more covalent, and therefore less reactive, metal-ligand bonds. Consequently, they display a higher degree of functional group tolerance and a much greater chemoselectivity. Generally, Hauser bases are used at room temperature while reactions with organolithium reagents are performed at low temperatures, commonly at -78 °C. Like all Grignard dimers, Hauser bases derived from 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (TMP) and HMDS are bridged by"
"hydroxyl radicals. Nitrous acid Nitrous acid (molecular formula HNO) is a weak and monobasic acid known only in solution and in the form of nitrite salts. Nitrous acid is used to make diazonium salts from amines. The resulting diazonium salts are reagents in azo coupling reactions to give azo dyes. In the gas phase, the planar nitrous acid molecule can adopt both a ""cis"" and a ""trans"" form. The ""trans"" form predominates at room temperature, and IR measurements indicate it is more stable by around 2.3 kJ mol. Nitrous acid is usually generated by acidification of aqueous solutions sodium nitrite"
"Nitrate) and amines to form best high performance monopropellants for space propulsion systems. HAN is sometimes used in nuclear reprocessing as a reducing agent for plutonium ions. Hydroxylammonium nitrate Hydroxylammonium nitrate or hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NHOHNO. It is a salt derived from hydroxylamine and nitric acid. In its pure form, it is a colourless hygroscopic solid. It has potential to be used as a rocket propellant either as a solution in monopropellants or bipropellants. Hydroxylammonium Nitrate (HAN) based propellants are viable and effective solution for future green propellant based missions, as it"
"Gallic acid Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants. The chemical formula of gallic acid is CH(OH)COOH. It is found both free and as part of hydrolyzable tannins. The gallic acid groups are usually bonded to form dimers such as ellagic acid. Hydrolyzable tannins break down on hydrolysis to give gallic acid and glucose or ellagic acid and glucose, known as gallotannins and ellagitannins, respectively. Gallic acid forms intermolecular esters (depsides) such as digallic and trigallic acids, and"
"Forming gas Forming gas is a mixture of hydrogen (mole fraction varies) and nitrogen. It is sometimes called a ""dissociated ammonia atmosphere"" due to the reaction which generates it: It can also be manufactured by thermal cracking of ammonia, in an ammonia cracker or forming gas generator. Forming gas is used as an atmosphere for processes that need the properties of hydrogen gas. Typical forming gas formulations (5% H2 in N2) are not explosive. It is used in chambers for gas hypersensitization, a process in which photographic film is heated in forming gas to drive out moisture and oxygen and"
"third gaseous HCl and NH combine to form the solid. A third, only marginally related concept was proposed in 1923 by Gilbert N. Lewis, which includes reactions with acid-base characteristics that do not involve a proton transfer. A Lewis acid is a species that accepts a pair of electrons from another species; in other words, it is an electron pair acceptor. Brønsted acid-base reactions are proton transfer reactions while Lewis acid-base reactions are electron pair transfers. Many Lewis acids are not Brønsted-Lowry acids. Contrast how the following reactions are described in terms of acid-base chemistry: In the first reaction a"
"reactions, i.e. the gas-phase basicity includes entropic terms in contrast to the proton affinity. The higher the proton affinity, the stronger the base and the weaker the conjugate acid ""in the gas phase"". The (reportedly) strongest known base is the ortho-diethynylbenzene dianion (""E"" = 1843 kJ/mol), followed by the methanide anion (""E"" = 1743 kJ/mol) and the hydride ion (""E"" = 1675 kJ/mol), making methane the weakest proton acid in the gas phase, followed by dihydrogen. The weakest known base is the helium atom (""E"" = 177.8 kJ/mol), making the hydrohelium(1+) ion the strongest known proton acid. Proton affinities illustrate"