Which organisation was founded by British lawyer Peter Benenson in 1961?
"Luis Kutner Luis Kutner (June 9, 1908 – March 1, 1993), was a US human rights activist and lawyer who co-founded Amnesty International with Peter Benenson in 1961, and created the concept of a living will. He was also notable for his advocacy of ""world ""habeas corpus"""", the development of an international writ of ""habeas corpus"" to protect individual human rights. He was a founder of World Habeas Corpus, an organization created to fight for international policies which would protect individuals against unwarranted imprisonment. Kutner's papers are at the Hoover Institution Archives at Stanford University. Kutner gained national recognition in"
"year, Benenson had a book published, ""Persecution 1961"", which detailed the cases of nine prisoners of conscience investigated and compiled by Benenson and Baker (Maurice Adin, Ashton Jones, Agostinho Neto, Patrick Duncan, Olga Ivinskaya, Luis Taruc, Constantin Noica, Antonio Amat and Hu Feng). In July 1961 the leadership had decided that the appeal would form the basis of a permanent organization, Amnesty, with the first meeting taking place in London. Benenson ensured that all three major political parties were represented, enlisting members of parliament from the Labour Party, the Conservative Party, and the Liberal Party. On 30 September 1962, it"
"Sir Trevor McDonald explained the inextricably linked nature of this relationship: ""Amnesty persists where journalism leaves off. We visit these scenes and then move on. Amnesty has the virtue of sticking with the story and making sure the truth comes out."" The most recent awards ceremony was held on 26 November 2015 at the Barbican Centre in central London. The shortlist and the winners are available below. Amnesty International has always championed the importance of media in exposing human rights abuses. Amnesty itself began as a media story. In 1961, Peter Benenson, the founder of Amnesty, was so enraged that"
"practising as a barrister before joining the Labour Party and standing unsuccessfully for election at Streatham in 1950 and for North Herts constituency till 1959. He was one of a group of British lawyers who, in 1957, founded JUSTICE, the UK-based human rights and law reform organisation. In 1958, he fell ill and moved to Italy to convalesce. In the same year, he converted to the Roman Catholic Church. Benenson was shocked and angered by a newspaper report of two Portuguese students from Coimbra sentenced to seven years in prison for raising their glasses in a toast to freedom during"
"the work of the library and groups, Amnesty International's activities were expanding to helping prisoners' families, sending observers to trials, making representations to governments, and finding asylum or overseas employment for prisoners. Its activity and influence were also increasing within intergovernmental organizations; it would be awarded consultative status by the United Nations, the Council of Europe and UNESCO before the decade ended. In 1967, Peter Benenson resigned after an independent inquiry did not support his claims that AI had been infiltrated by British agents. Later he claimed that the Central Intelligence Agency had become involved in Amnesty. Leading Amnesty International"
"""Appeal for Amnesty 1961"" campaign by publishing front-page article in the British newspaper ""The Observer"". Reprinted in newspapers across the world, Benenson's call to action was the spark that ignited a fire of hope and inspiration in people around the world. It marked the beginning of what has become a global movement of more than 3 million supporters, members, and activists in more than 150 countries and territories worldwide. In the spring of 2011 Carlton and Campbell wrote the song within five days in a New York hotel. The basic tracks were recorded at the legendary Levon Helm Studios in"
"Flora Solomon Flora Solomon, OBE (28 September 1895 – 18 July 1984) was born Flora Benenson in Pinsk, Imperial Russia, in 1895. She was known as an influential Zionist. She was the first woman hired to improve working conditions at Marks & Spencer in London. She was the mother of Peter Benenson, founder of Amnesty International. Solomon was born in Pinsk, in what is now Belarus. She was a daughter of the Jewish Russian gold tycoon Grigori Benenson, related to the Rothschild family. She was married to Harold Solomon, a member of a London stockbroking family and a career soldier"
"the European Court of Human Rights in connection with the second inter-state case brought by Georgia against the Russian Federation in relation to the alleged attacks against civilians and the property in Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Ben Emmerson Ben Emmerson, QC (born 10 August 1963) is a British lawyer, specialising in European human rights law, public international law and international criminal law. He was a founder member of Matrix Chambers and has 25 years’ experience litigating before international courts and tribunals including the International Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights, the European Court of Justice, the International"
"him in Majorca, could have leaked to the KGB from its source inside MI5."" Pincher goes onto argue that the source was probably Roger Hollis, the director-general of MI5. Flora Solomon Flora Solomon, OBE (28 September 1895 – 18 July 1984) was born Flora Benenson in Pinsk, Imperial Russia, in 1895. She was known as an influential Zionist. She was the first woman hired to improve working conditions at Marks & Spencer in London. She was the mother of Peter Benenson, founder of Amnesty International. Solomon was born in Pinsk, in what is now Belarus. She was a daughter of"
"Peace Council from 1954 to 1959. In this role he wrote an article entitled 'Psychological warfare a challenge to democracy', and a policy statement on a 'Campaign to secure international agreement on the prohibition of nuclear weapons', Dec 1959. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Baker made four peace missions to Cyprus on behalf of the Friends Peace & International Affairs Committee (FPIAC), writing about the peace settlement there While working on the Cyprus issue Baker became a friend of Peter Benenson, the primary founder of Amnesty International (AI). They discussed political, ethical and religious issues. Benenson described Baker"
"or, put another way, to violations, by governments, of articles 18 and 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The article described these violations occurring, on a global scale, in the context of restrictions to press freedom, to political oppositions, to timely public trial before impartial courts, and to asylum. It marked the launch of ""Appeal for Amnesty, 1961"", the aim of which was to mobilize public opinion, quickly and widely, in defence of these individuals, whom Benenson named ""Prisoners of Conscience"". The ""Appeal for Amnesty"" was reprinted by a large number of international newspapers. In the same"
"Hunter and Hugh Callaghan. Initially Blom-Cooper argued that the publication of the book in Ireland was outside of his control. When this failed, he relied on European Convention on Human Rights#Article 10—right to freedom of expression and the newly formulated defence of Qualified privilege—provided good practice was followed it was acceptable to get things wrong. Previously inaccuracy would have led to financial penalty. Despite this, solicitor Gareth Peirce accused Blom-Cooper of ""shoddy research"" and ""total nonsense"" in respect of the book. Blom-Cooper was involved in the foundation of Amnesty International in 1961, supporting Peter Benenson's idea for an appeal for"
"Ben Emmerson Ben Emmerson, QC (born 10 August 1963) is a British lawyer, specialising in European human rights law, public international law and international criminal law. He was a founder member of Matrix Chambers and has 25 years’ experience litigating before international courts and tribunals including the International Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights, the European Court of Justice, the International Criminal Court and the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. He helped draft the 1998 Human Rights Act introduced by Tony Blair. Within the UK he is a deputy High Court Judge, a Master of"
"group was created by Eisenhower in 1958 to serve in the event of a national emergency. Benson was an outspoken opponent of communism and socialism, and a strong supporter, but not an official member, of the John Birch Society, which he praised as ""the most effective non-church organization in our fight against creeping socialism and Godless Communism."" When Nikita Khrushchev came in September 1959 to the USA, Benson opposed his visit. He published a 1966 pamphlet entitled ""Civil Rights, Tool of Communist Deception"". In a similar vein, during a 1972 general conference of the LDS Church, Benson recommended that all"
"of Friends who had been involved in funding the British Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament as well as becoming head of Quaker Peace and Social Witness, and in his memoirs Benenson described him as ""a partner in the launching of the project"". In consultation with other writers, academics and lawyers and, in particular, Alec Digges, they wrote via Louis Blom-Cooper to David Astor, editor of ""The Observer"" newspaper, who, on 28 May 1961, published Benenson's article ""The Forgotten Prisoners"". The article brought the reader's attention to those ""imprisoned, tortured or executed because his opinions or religion are unacceptable to his government"""
"8. In 2011, the International Center for Law and Religion Studies and J. Reuben Clark Law School of Brigham Young University presented Hasson the ""International Religious Liberty Award"" in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the promotion and preservation of religious freedom. Kevin Hasson Kevin J. ""Seamus"" Hasson, Esq. is Founder and President Emeritus of The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, a non-profit, public interest law firm that represents persons of all faiths. Before founding the Becket Fund in 1994, Hasson was an attorney at Williams & Connolly in Washington D.C., where he focused on religious liberty litigation. From 1986"
"Harry letters affair The ""Harry"" letters, written by Peter Benenson, founder of the international human rights group Amnesty International, detail the funding during 1966 of Amnesty's mission in the Rhodesian capital of Salisbury by somebody or something referred to as ""Harry"", commonly interpreted as code for the British government, then headed by Prime Minister Harold Wilson. The letters were made public in March 1967 by Polly Toynbee, an Englishwoman who had worked for Amnesty in Salisbury while a 19-year-old gap year student during early 1966. Scandal resulted within both the British government and Amnesty; Benenson left the group soon after."
"Britain First Britain First is a British fascist political organisation formed in 2011 by former members of the British National Party (BNP). A part of the far-right, the group was founded by Jim Dowson, an anti-abortion and far-right campaigner. The organisation's leader is former BNP councillor Paul Golding, and its deputy leader is Jayda Fransen. Britain First campaigns primarily against multiculturalism and what it sees as the Islamisation of the United Kingdom, and advocates the preservation of traditional British culture. It attracted attention by taking direct action such as its ""Christian patrols"" and ""invasions"" of British mosques. It has been"
"Iain Benson Iain Tyrrell Benson (born 1955 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a legal philosopher, writer, professor and practising legal consultant. The main focus of his work in relation to law and society has been to examine some of the various meanings that underlie terms of common but confused usage. His work towards an understanding of ""secular"" and ""secularism"" has been cited by the Supreme Court of Canada and the Constitutional Court of South Africa. He has also given critical study to the terms ""pluralism"", ""faith"", ""believer"", ""unbeliever"", ""liberalism"" and ""accommodation"" and examined the implications for various legal and non-legal usages."
"a friend and advocate. Peg Belson Margaret ""Peg"" Belson, MBE (1921–2012) was a British health care campaigner who made voluntary contributions over 60 years, in the UK and abroad, in the field of children’s welfare in hospitals, including the establishment of the Action for Sick Children Association. She was a founding member of the European Association for Children In Hospital (EACH). She was a holder of BA (Syd) and PhD (Hon). Margaret Belson (née Harris) was born in England in 1921 before emigrating to Australia at an early age, where she qualified as a teacher. She met her husband, William"
"Humane Research Trust The Humane Research Trust (HRT) is a British medical research charity with the aim of spreading the practice of humane research. They work with scientists as well as students to further the commitment of non-animal based research. The HRT began life in 1961, after two years of discussions between the National Anti-Vivisection Society (NAVS), the Scottish Society for the Prevention of Vivisection (SSPV), and the British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection (BUAV), as ""The Lawson Tait Memorial Trust"". These discussions were chaired by Wilfred Risdon, Secretary of the NAVS, who also became Secretary of the new"
"resident). British Science Association The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science. Until 2009 it was known as the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BA). The Chief Executive is Katherine Mathieson. The Association was founded in 1831 and modelled on the German Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte. The prime mover (who is regarded as the main founder) was Reverend William Vernon Harcourt, following a suggestion by Sir David Brewster, who was disillusioned with the elitist and conservative attitude of the Royal Society. Charles"
"blocked in error. Bennett Haselton Bennett Haselton (born November 20, 1978) is the founder of Circumventor.com and Peacefire.org, two US-based websites dedicated to combating Internet censorship. Peacefire.org is focused on documenting flaws in commercial Internet blocking programs. Circumventor.com is dedicated to distributing anti-censorship tools to users in countries such as China and Iran, and as of 2011 has over 3 million subscribers through distribution channels including email and Facebook pages. Haselton has appeared on CNN and ""The Montel Williams Show"" to discuss First Amendment issues and been quoted in ""The New York Times"", ""The Washington Post"", ""The Seattle Times"", and"
"Abortion Rights (organisation) Abortion Rights is an advocacy organisation that promotes access to abortion in the United Kingdom. It was formed in 2003 by the merger of the Abortion Law Reform Association (ALRA) and the National Abortion Campaign (NAC). The ALRA campaigned effectively after World War II for the elimination of legal obstacles to abortion and the peak of its work was the Abortion Act 1967. The ""Abortion Law Reform Association"" was founded in the United Kingdom in 1936 by Janet Chance, Alice Jenkins, Joan Malleson and Stella Browne. Its intention was to change attitudes and the law to allow"
"Association merged with the Penal Reform League in 1921 to become the Howard League for Penal Reform. Today, the Howard League is Britain's biggest penal reform organisation. John Howard's name was adopted by non-profit organizations in Canada which call themselves the John Howard Society of their given geographic area and each society seeks to develop effective, just and humane responses to crime and its consequences. There are currently over 60 John Howard societies spread across every province of Canada and the Northwest Territories. The Howard Association, a benevolent organisation founded in 1855 in Norfolk, Virginia, United States, was also named"
"Coeliac UK Coeliac UK is a UK charity for people with coeliac disease (spelt celiac in America), a condition estimated to affect 1 out of every 100 people and to be twice as common in women as in men, and the skin manifestation of the condition, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). Founded in 1968 by Amnesty International founder Peter Benenson, and Elizabeth Segall, Coeliac UK (originally called The Coeliac Society) launched the first symbol that acknowledged and advertised that a product contained no gluten, namely the Crossed Grain symbol. Noted clinician Sir Christopher Booth was a founding member. The charity renamed itself"
"Benenson, the son of his neighbour in London, as when Benenson founded Amnesty International in 1960, but resigned as treasurer in 1971 when Amnesty refused to investigate reports of torture by British troops in Northern Ireland. He was married four times, but also had numerous affairs with other women. He married Lady Ursula Manners, eldest daughter of the 9th Duke of Rutland in 1943, but they divorced in 1948. While serving in Germany, he became the lover of Lali Horstmann, then aged 66, the widow of Alfred Horstmann. He then became involved with Louise de Vilmorin through the late 1940s"
"Scotland has its own professional association, Rights Advice Scotland (RAS). The Flemming Rule of 1960, named after Arthur Flemming, was an administrative ruling which decreed that states could not deny income assistance eligibility through the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program on the basis of a home being considered unsuitable per the woman's children being termed as illegitimate. In 1963 Johnnie Tillmon founded ANC (Aid to Needy Children) Mothers Anonymous, which was one of the first grassroots welfare mothers’ organizations, and which eventually became part of the National Welfare Rights Organization. The National Welfare Rights Organization, active from 1966"
"Bennett Haselton Bennett Haselton (born November 20, 1978) is the founder of Circumventor.com and Peacefire.org, two US-based websites dedicated to combating Internet censorship. Peacefire.org is focused on documenting flaws in commercial Internet blocking programs. Circumventor.com is dedicated to distributing anti-censorship tools to users in countries such as China and Iran, and as of 2011 has over 3 million subscribers through distribution channels including email and Facebook pages. Haselton has appeared on CNN and ""The Montel Williams Show"" to discuss First Amendment issues and been quoted in ""The New York Times"", ""The Washington Post"", ""The Seattle Times"", and ""The Village Voice""."
"Benjamin Peterson Ben Peterson is a Canadian social entrepreneur and venture capitalist. In 2002 he co-founded Journalists for Human Rights (JHR), a leading Canadian non-governmental organization (NGO), where he served as Executive Director until November 2011. He now holds the position of ""Chair Emeritus"" at the charity. In January 2012, he co-founded Newsana, an online news community. He served as Newsana's CEO until September 2015, when the business was sold to a Toronto-based creative agency. He current holds the position of Senior Partner at AHL Venture Partners, an impact-focused venture capital firm in Africa. Peterson is the son of former"
"Reprieve (organisation) Reprieve is a nonprofit organisation of international lawyers and investigators whose stated goal is to ""fight for the victims of extreme human rights abuses with legal action and public education"". Their main focus is on the death penalty, indefinite detention without trial (such as in Guantanamo), extraordinary rendition and extrajudicial killing. The founding Reprieve organisation is in the UK, and there are also organisations in the United States, Australia and the Netherlands, with additional supporters and volunteers worldwide. The first and largest of the Reprieve organisations, Reprieve UK, was founded in 1999, one year after the death penalty"
"Becket Fund for Religious Liberty The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. that describes itself as ""a non-profit, public interest law firm defending the freedom of religion of people of all faiths."" The Becket Fund promotes accommodationism and is active in the judicial system, the media, and in education. The Becket Fund was founded in 1994 by Kevin Hasson, who had previously worked at the Office of Legal Counsel at the Justice Department and the Washington law firm Williams & Connolly, in which capacity he became well-known and controversial for defending Catholic University's"
"Richard Benson on the Tell MAMA project. In January 2013, Tell MAMA was nominated for the Charity of the Year award at the British Muslim Awards. In January 2016, Tell MAMA was once again nominated for the Charity of the Year award at the British Muslim Awards. Tell MAMA Tell MAMA (Measuring Anti-Muslim Attacks) is a national project which records and measures anti-Muslim incidents in the United Kingdom. It is modelled on the Jewish Community Security Trust (CST) and like the CST it also provides support for victims, working closely with organisations such as Victim Support. Tell MAMA was launched"