Which English king died from Dysentery reputedly caused by poisoned ale and a surfeit of Peaches?
"the German King Sigismund of Luxembourg to recognize Jacqueline as his rightful heir in the Counties of Holland, Zeeland and Hainaut. In March 1416, Count William raised the matter with Sigismund while the latter was the guest of the English king, Henry V in England, but was rejected; he angrily returned home. Dauphin John died (probably poisoned) on 4 April 1417, leaving Jacqueline as a widow aged 16. Two months later on 31 May, she unexpectedly lost her father. Duke William II was bitten by a dog, which caused a blood infection that quickly killed him. The politically inexperienced Jacqueline"
"some symptoms. James described his urine to physician Théodore de Mayerne as being the ""dark red colour of Alicante wine"". The theory is dismissed by some experts, particularly in James's case, because he had kidney stones which can lead to blood in the urine, colouring it red. In early 1625, James was plagued by severe attacks of arthritis, gout, and fainting fits, and fell seriously ill in March with tertian ague and then suffered a stroke. He died at Theobalds House on 27 March during a violent attack of dysentery, with Buckingham at his bedside. James's funeral on 7 May"
"Wednesday evening, ""he complained of feeling unwell, but his colleagues thought he was suffering from the effects of excitement"". The following day, the newspaper reported, a doctor was called and pronounced that Whitehead had ""English cholera"", now called dysentery; he died the same evening. Further explanation came from an inquest held the following week: Whitehead, the inquest heard, had drunk some ""stale beer"" while playing for Stratford Cricket Club on the Saturday preceding his benefit match and that, combined with consumption (tuberculosis), had produced ""acute gastro enteritis"" which was cited as the cause of death. James Whitehead (cricketer, born 1860)"
"annual dinner to the King's Counsel, it was noticed that he was unable to drink his wine properly. He went to the Midland Circuit in June, as it was the easiest one, but he suffered from ""a violent cough"" and other symptoms, returning to his home in Hendon. After the first day of a two-day case he found himself losing his appetite and suffering from a fever, which caused him to talk incoherently and become delirious. The disease baffled doctors, and finally killed him on 4 November 1832 at his home in Queen Square, London; his last words were ""and"
"the lymph nodes in the neck and an abnormal amount of fluid in the ventricles of his brain: ""four and a half ounces of a limpid humour were taken out."" A modern diagnosis is that Gloucester died of acute bacterial pharyngitis, with associated pneumonia. Had he lived, though, it is almost certain the prince would have succumbed to complications of his hydrocephalus. King William, who was in the Netherlands, wrote to Marlborough, ""It is so great a loss to me as well as to all England, that it pierces my heart."" Anne was prostrate with grief, taking to her chamber."
"to accept the offer of the queen to make him Earl Marshal of Ireland. He arrived in Dublin in September 1576, but fell ill at the banquet given in his honour at Dublin Castle, and died three weeks later, probably of dysentery. It was suspected that he had been poisoned at the behest of the Earl of Leicester, who married his widow two years later. A post-mortem was carried out and concluded that Essex had died of natural causes (although Alice Draycott, a judge's daughter, who drank from the same cup at the banquet, also died soon afterwards). He was"
"treatment of many of England's most powerful nobles. Although both John and the barons agreed to the "" peace treaty in 1215, neither side complied with its conditions. Civil war broke out shortly afterwards, with the barons aided by Louis of France. It soon descended into a stalemate. John died of dysentery contracted whilst on campaign in eastern England during late 1216; supporters of his son Henry III went on to achieve victory over Louis and the rebel barons the following year. Contemporary chroniclers were mostly critical of John's performance as king, and his reign has since been the subject"
"of poisoning, and it is most likely that both Essex and Alice died of dysentery. Leicester's enemies habitually blamed the death of anyone he had a grudge against on him, but there appears to be no substance to any of these claims. Draycott's last direct male descendant, Henry Draycott of Mornington, died in 1694 without lawful issue: this led to a notable lawsuit, ""Draycott v. Talbot"" in which one Edward Draycott claimed, unsuccessfully, to be Henry's lawful son and heir. Henry Draycott Henry Draycott (c. 1510–1572) was an English-born Crown official and judge in sixteenth-century Ireland, who held a number"
"of ""estilicido""», i.e., severe infection of the larynx. On 5 December 1706 he was stricken with a «legitimate pleurisy», that derived a seizure, with which he lost consciousness. The bloodletting from his feet didn't yield results, and on 9 December, the attack became fatal. It is believed nowadays that the King suffered from a liver disease, because the autopsy found «a part of his liver twisted where25 stones in the gall would be found.» He is buried in Lisbon, in the Pantheon of the Braganzas. Historian Veríssimo Serrão says of The King in his «History of Portugal», Volume IV, page"
"in his room, probably as the result of his delicate health. His death was used as one of the core elements of the Black Legend in the Netherlands, which needed to justify a revolt against the king. It was later claimed that he was poisoned on the orders of King Philip, especially by William the Silent in his ""Apology"", a 1581 propaganda work against the Spanish king. The idea of the poisoning had been held by central and north European historians, based on the pieces of propaganda produced in the Netherlands, until the 20th century, while most Spanish and Italian"
"in terms of efficiency and as a method of reducing the corruption endemic within the nobility of the Middle Ages. In 1502, Henry VII's first son and heir apparent, Arthur, Prince of Wales, died suddenly at Ludlow Castle, very likely from a viral respiratory illness known at the time as the ""English sweating sickness"". This made Henry, Duke of York (Henry VIII) heir apparent to the throne. The King, normally a reserved man who rarely showed much emotion in public unless angry, surprised his courtiers by his intense grief and sobbing at his son's death, while his concern for the"
"The strongest argument against the poison theory is the fact that twelve days passed between the start of his illness and his death; such long-acting poisons were probably not available. However, in a 2003 BBC documentary investigating the death of Alexander, Leo Schep from the New Zealand National Poisons Centre proposed that the plant white hellebore (""Veratrum album""), which was known in antiquity, may have been used to poison Alexander. In a 2014 manuscript in the journal Clinical Toxicology, Schep suggested Alexander's wine was spiked with ""Veratrum album"", and that this would produce poisoning symptoms that match the course of"
"an effort to dull the pain Emma drank spirits and took laudanum. She died on 15 January 1815, aged 49, of amoebic dysentery—-an illness she probably contracted during her years in Naples (Sir William Hamilton had also suffered from amoebic dysentery)—-and consequent organ failure. Emma was buried in Calais on 21 January in public ground outside the town, with her faithful friend Joshua Smith paying for the modest funeral at the Catholic church. It was reported that ""all the English gentlemen in Calais attended"". Her grave was subsequently lost due to wartime destruction, but in 1994 a group of supporters"
"a disease of the kidneys from which he had been suffering for some time. He had been housebound for some years on account of paralysis of the legs, though his chloral addiction is believed to have been a means of alleviating pain from a botched hydrocele removal. He had been suffering from alcohol psychosis for some time brought on by the excessive amounts of whisky he used to drown out the bitter taste of the chloral hydrate. He is buried in the churchyard of All Saints at Birchington-on-Sea, Kent, England. Tate Britain, Birmingham, Manchester, Salford Museum and Art Galleries and"
"the middle of the Hall, and lastly at the foot of the Throne, each time repeating the challenge. Each time the gauntlet was recovered by Garter. The Champion was rewarded with a gilt-covered cup, the monarch having first drunk to the Champion from it. John II Walshe (d.1546/7) of Little Sodbury, Gloucestershire, was King's Champion at the coronation of Henry VIII in 1509 and was a great favourite of the young king's. The words of the challenge varied over the years, but those used for King George IV were these: William IV held no coronation banquet in 1831, so the"
"suffered a sudden apoplectic fit on the morning of 2 February 1685, and died aged 54 at 11:45 am four days later at Whitehall Palace. The suddenness of his illness and death led to suspicion of poison in the minds of many, including one of the royal doctors; however, a more modern medical analysis has held that the symptoms of his final illness are similar to those of uraemia (a clinical syndrome due to kidney dysfunction). In the days between his collapse and his death, Charles endured a variety of torturous treatments including bloodletting, purging and cupping in hopes of"
"of Holland and his ally Robrecht the Frisian, Count of Flanders. King Wenceslaus III of Bohemia was murdered with a spear while sitting in the garderobe on August 4, 1306. George II of Great Britain died on the toilet on October 25, 1760 from an aortic dissection. According to Horace Walpole's memoirs, King George ""rose as usual at six, and drank his chocolate; for all his actions were invariably methodic. A quarter after seven he went into a little closet. His German ""valet de chambre"" in waiting heard a noise, and running in, found the King dead on the floor."""
"upper gastrointestinal bleeding resulting from the rupture of a blood vessel in his stomach. A large tumour ""the size of an orange"" was found attached to his bladder; his heart was enlarged, had heavily calcified valves and was surrounded by a large fat deposit. The King was buried in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, on 15 July. His only legitimate child, Princess Charlotte of Wales, had died from post-partum complications in 1817, after delivering a stillborn son. His oldest brother, George III's second son Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany, had died childless in 1827, so the succession passed"
"as far more probable. The theory is treated in ""Purple Secret,"" which documents the ultimately unsuccessful search for genetic evidence of porphyria in the remains of royals suspected to have had it. In 2005, it was suggested that arsenic (which is known to be porphyrogenic) given to George III with antimony may have caused his porphyria. This study found high levels of arsenic in King George's hair. In 2010, one analysis of historical records argued that the porphyria claim was based on spurious and selective interpretation of contemporary medical and historical sources. The mental illness of George III is the"
"the mediæval French and Italian ""botte"") or pipe was half a tun, or 1008 pints. Tradition has it that George, Duke of Clarence, the brother of Edward IV of England, was drowned in a butt of malmsey on 18 February 1478. (However, Josephine Tey in ""The Daughter of Time"" suggests that ""drowned in a butt of malmsey"" means rather that George, Duke of Clarence, drank himself to death rather than literally drowning in a container of wine.) In Edgar Allan Poe's short story ""The Cask of Amontillado"", the narrator claims he has received ""a pipe of what passes for Amontillado""."
"27 April. During this period, Becker was mostly unconscious and died on 29 April, and was buried near the graves of William Purcell and Charles Stone who had died a few days earlier. The Royal Commission to enquire into the causes of the deaths of Burke and Wills also found, from Dr Beckler's evidence, that Dr Becker died of dysentery and the exhaustion consequent upon it; of course with some peculiar symptoms, which were principally owing to the affection of scurvy. After his burial, Becker's clothes, bedding and tent were burned and his other effects were placed in a pack"
"confirmed on 20 December 1153. On his return to York, while crossing the Ouse Bridge in York in triumphal procession, the bridge collapsed, yet no one was killed. After less than a month back in York, William died, on 8 June 1154, allegedly due to poison administered in the chalice at Mass. One of William's clerks accused Osbert de Bayeux, an archdeacon of York, of the murder, and Osbert was summoned before the king to be tried at the royal court. Stephen died before the trial could take place. William was buried in York Minster and within a few months"
"quickly to correlate with historical accounts. Alexander was ill for twelve days and suffered symptoms synonymous with ""Veratrum Album"" poisoning. Notably, the theory is furthered by the proposal that Alexander drank wine poisoned with ""Veratrum Album"". Accounts from Diodorus detail that the king was struck with pain after drinking a large bowl of unmixed wine in honor of Hercules. Veratrum album Veratrum album (commonly known as false helleborine, white hellebore, European white hellebore, or white veratrum; syn. ""Veratrum lobelianum"" ""Bernh"") is a poisonous medicinal plant of the Liliaceae or Melanthiaceae. It is native to Europe and parts of western Asia"
"William, then Prince of Orange. A horse, ""White Sorrel,"" owned by Fenwick was among items of his estate confiscated by the Crown on his attainder and a fall from that horse was partly responsible for William's death. The horse purportedly stumbled when it stepped on a mole hill. In recognition of this, the Jacobites' secret toast was to 'The little Gentleman in Black Velvet.' He is also commemorated in the folk tune ""Sir John Fenwick's The Flower Among Them All"". Sir John Fenwick, 3rd Baronet Sir John Fenwick, 3rd Baronet (c. 1645 – 28 January 1697) was an English Jacobite"
"attempts at pushing for greater religious toleration were defeated by Walpole's supporters. Just after the collapse of the South Sea Bubble, for which he was partly responsible, the earl was defending his government with customary vigour and panache in House of Lords on 4 February 1721 when he was taken ill with a violent headache. After some apparent recovery the following day, he died of a stroke at eight o'clock that evening. The king was shocked and distraught at the sudden ""loss of so able and faithful a minister, of whose service his Majesty had so great need at this"
"his death hint at leprosy. Penman states that it is very difficult to accept the notion of Robert as a functioning king serving in war, performing face-to-face acts of lordship, holding parliament and court, travelling widely and fathering several children, all while displaying the infectious symptoms of a leper. Along with suggestions of eczema, tuberculosis, syphilis, motor neurone disease, cancer or stroke, a diet of rich court food has also been suggested as a possible contributory factor in Robert's death. His Milanese physician, Maino De Maineri, did criticise the king's eating of eels as dangerous to his health in advancing"
"through a mucosal ulcer"". Following reports attributing his death to complications arising from malaria, the BBC Editorial Complaints Unit's investigation established that he had contracted malaria during his final African expedition. However, the pathologist had suggested the possibility that the ulceration and consequent haemorrhage had resulted from a pill (which might have been taken because of malarial symptoms) lodging in the diverticulum; but, even if this suggestion were correct, the link between malaria and the observed causes of death would be entirely indirect. A secular memorial service (he was an agnostic) was held at the Chapel of New College, Oxford"
"examine the chicory water. She was given common contemporary treatments for colic, as well as anti-poisons. The royal family arrived at Saint Cloud having heard the news within hours. Bishop Bossuet was called and later administered Extreme Unction. At 2 o'clock in the morning of 30 June 1670, Princess Henrietta died. The Chevalier de Lorraine and the Marquis d'Effiat were rumoured by many to be accomplices in poisoning Henrietta. Seventeen French and two English physicians, the English ambassador, and roughly 100 other onlookers observed the autopsy, and though the official report stated ""death from cholera morbus (gastroenteritis) caused by heated"
"ill, and Reid recommended a dose of radium; coughing from smoking cigars. Told the Kaiser that the King ""was rapidly sinking."" On 6 March 1910, the King was treated for ""acute cardiac distress"" (heart disease). Reid's prognosis was possible pneumonia; but he recovered on 22 March. Reid decided to hide the facts from his family; and by 25 March, knowing the King was dying, gave a clean bill of health. The patient was permanently wheezing, asthmatic, and could not walk upstairs, ignoring the doctor's advice. By 5 May, the King was turning blue, and so Reid proposed strychnine as a"
"1763 and retired to England shortly afterwards. He died at Brentford in 1776: Elrington Ball has an interesting reference to the cause of death as ""accidental poisoning"". A contemporary newspaper report describes the poisoning as being the result of an unfortunate mistake by his servant: Yorke, who was suffering agonies from a kidney stone, had been prescribed laudanum to alleviate the pain. Although the servant had been instructed by the apothecary as to the proper dosage, on the day in question he evidently forgot his instructions, and simply handed the full bottle of laudanum to Yorke, who was in such"
"1740, ""Rule, Britannia!"" (an aria by the English composer Thomas Arne) was first performed in public in the cliff-side amphitheatre at Cliveden. It was played as part of a masque to celebrate the third birthday of the Prince's daughter Augusta. It is believed that it was while playing cricket in the grounds at Cliveden in 1751 that the Prince received a blow to the chest from a batted ball—it had been thought this caused an infection which proved fatal, but it is now believed he died from a cold followed by a pulmonary embolism After his death, Frederick's family retained"
"which proceeded from the air"". Other possibilities that have been suggested include tuberculosis (""consumption""), plague (Black Death), and influenza. In 2002, Arthur's tomb was opened, but experts could not determine the exact cause of death; a genetic ailment which also affected Arthur's nephew, Edward VI, was mentioned as a possible cause being investigated. While Catherine recovered, Arthur died on 2 April 1502 in his home at Ludlow Castle, six months short of his sixteenth birthday. In 1507, a second, less widespread outbreak occurred, followed in 1517 by a third and much more severe epidemic, when it also spread to Calais."
"or that his wife died in 1818. At Christmas 1819, he spoke nonsense for 58 hours, and for the last few weeks of his life was unable to walk. He died at Windsor Castle at 8:38 pm on 29 January 1820, six days after the death of his fourth son, the Duke of Kent. His favourite son, Frederick, Duke of York, was with him. George III was buried on 16 February in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle. George was succeeded by two of his sons, George IV and William IV, who both died without surviving legitimate children, leaving the throne"