Which Italian form of bowling that starts when a ball called 'pallino' is thrown has been played since Roman times?
"an invention of the Lydians in Asia Minor. About 2,000 years ago, in the Roman Empire, a similar game evolved between Roman legionaries entailing the tossing of stone objects as close as possible to other stone objects, which eventually evolved into Italian Bocce, or outdoor bowling. Around 400 AD, bowling began in Germany as a religious ritual to cleanse oneself from sin by rolling a rock into a club (kegel) representing the heathen, resulting in bowlers being called keglers. In 1299 the oldest known bowling green for target style bowling to survive to modern times was built. Master's Close (now"
"Pallone Pallone (; Italian for an inflated ball, source of the English word ""balloon"") is the name of several traditional ball games, played in all regions of Italy, with few differences in regulations. Pallone col bracciale or simply ""bracciale"" was particularly popular throughout Italy and it was considered the most popular sport of ancient Italian national sports since the 16th century and its first official regulations invented by Antonio Scaino from Salò date back to 1555. This sport and its champions were described by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Karl Philipp Moritz, Christian Joseph Jagemann, Richard Colt Hoare, Jacob Burckhardt, William"
"the pila, or small ball, used in catching games, the paganica, a heavy ball stuffed with feathers, and the follis, a leather ball filled with air, the largest of the three. This was struck from player to player, who wore a kind of gauntlet on the arm. There was a game known as trigon, played by three players standing in the form of a triangle, and played with the follis, and also one known as harpastum, which seems to imply a ""scrimmage"" among several players for the ball. These games are known to us through the Romans, though the names"
"local forms of round ball throwing and rolling games, such as bocce in Italy and bowls in England became popular by the Renaissance. It has been suggested that a game similar to bowls was played around 5,000 BC in Ancient Egypt, based upon items found in ancient Egyptian tombs. However, it has been suggested that bowls itself likely originated from Ancient Rome, in a game played by Roman soldiers that involved rolling a ball ""as close as possible to mark on the ground."" Many types and varieties of ball games exist. Several cultures have created forms of ball games. For"
"Tamburello Tamburello (named Tambass in Piedmont) is a court game invented in the northern provinces of Italy during the 16th century. It is a modification of the ancient game of pallone col bracciale, bearing the same general relation to it as Squash does to Racquets. Nowadays various forms of tamburello are popular in many nations of the world. This form is played at professional level in Italy where there are two varieties: the first kind taking place in a specialised sports venue called a sphaeristerium (""sferisterio"" in Italian), with a lateral wall which permits the ball to rebound; the second"
"Palla Palla (Italian for ""ball"") is a traditional Tuscan ball game played in villages between Siena and Grosseto. It is also called palla EH! (or pallaeh!) because players call out ""eh!"" before serving. Small handmade balls contain a lead pellet wrapped in rubber and wool with a leather cover. The game is played by facing teams who strike (not catch) the ball with either a bare or gloved hand. Courts are marked out with painted lines on town streets, but there is no net, and players can move between sides. Adjacent buildings, objects, and sometimes spectators, are considered ""in play."""
"Borella (game) Borella is a bowling game that has been played in northern Italy since at least the 16th Century. Borella was played in streets and parks around Treviso by ordinary people. Borella is still played at the Club Marconi, Bossley Park, NSW, Australia. Borella is a kind of 'three-pin bowling', but unlike ten-pin bowling where the pins are in rows, the three borella pins are placed in single file behind each other. Borella is traditionally played with a large ball made of wood from the maple tree. The three wooden pins or skittles, called ""sòni"", are about 60 cm"
"high. To play the game a player stands 30 metres away from the pins, runs and throws the ball–a bit like a cricket bowler–to strike them at speed. Borella (game) Borella is a bowling game that has been played in northern Italy since at least the 16th Century. Borella was played in streets and parks around Treviso by ordinary people. Borella is still played at the Club Marconi, Bossley Park, NSW, Australia. Borella is a kind of 'three-pin bowling', but unlike ten-pin bowling where the pins are in rows, the three borella pins are placed in single file behind each"
"Pall-mall Pall-mall, paille-maille, palle-maille, pell-mell, or palle-malle (, , or ) is a lawn game that was mostly played in the 16th and 17th centuries, a precursor to croquet. Related to Italian trucco (also known as lawn billiards or trucks in English) and similar games, pall-mall is an early modern development from ""jeu de mail"", a French form of ground billiards. The name comes from the Italian ""pallamaglio"", which literally means ""ball mallet"", ultimately derived from Latin ""palla"", meaning ""ball"", and ""malleus"" meaning ""maul, hammer or mallet"". An alternative etymology has been suggested, from Middle French ""pale-mail"" or ""straw-mallet"", in"
"Balloon (game) Balloon, balloon-ball or wind-ball was a game similar to the modern game of volleyball in which a leather ball would be batted by the fist or forearm to prevent it from touching the ground. The game was played in ancient Rome where it was known as follis— the Latin word for a leather bag. Such a ball made of leather was quite heavy and so protection might be used such as a leather gauntlet or wooden bracer. Once rubber became available, modern players in Great Britain played the game with lighter balls of inflated rubber, so that younger"
"play the street game, but could afford a more private and much cleaner setting. Similarities to cloisters in later court designs could either be coincidence, or intentional innovations. The proportions of the court and features such as penthouses and windows could easily relate to medieval streets. The game is still practiced today in six villages in Southern Tuscany. Normally the game is played from Spring through Summer. Tournaments are held in each village between July and August. The actual schedule of the tournaments is confirmed each year a few weeks before its start. Palla Palla (Italian for ""ball"") is a"
"Palio Palio is the name given in Italy to an annual athletic contest, very often of a historical character, pitting the neighbourhoods of a town or the hamlets of a ""comune"" against each other. Typically they are fought in costume and commemorate some event or tradition of the Middle Ages, and thus often involve horse racing, archery, jousting, crossbow shooting, and similar medieval sports. Once purely a matter of local rivalries, many have now become events staged with an eye to visitors and foreign tourists. The oldest extant palio is the Palio di Ferrara, but the Palio di Siena is"
"needs of players with physical disabilities. Such variations produce a wide variety of boules-type games played all over the world. In Italian bocce, balls may be thrown in three ways: punto, raffa and volo. There is a wide variation in the size and materials of the balls used in boules-type games. Originally, in ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, the balls were probably made of stone. Gallic tribes, which were introduced to boules by the Romans, used wooden boules. In the 1800s in France, boules were typically made of a very hard wood, boxwood root. In the mid-1800s techniques were developed"
"children could play too. Balloon (game) Balloon, balloon-ball or wind-ball was a game similar to the modern game of volleyball in which a leather ball would be batted by the fist or forearm to prevent it from touching the ground. The game was played in ancient Rome where it was known as follis— the Latin word for a leather bag. Such a ball made of leather was quite heavy and so protection might be used such as a leather gauntlet or wooden bracer. Once rubber became available, modern players in Great Britain played the game with lighter balls of inflated"
"in 15th-century Scotland, the game's ancient origins are unclear and much debated. Some historians trace the sport back to the Roman game of paganica, in which participants used a bent stick to hit a stuffed leather ball. One theory asserts that paganica spread throughout Europe as the Romans conquered most of the continent, during the first century BC, and eventually evolved into the modern game. Others cite chuiwan (""chui"" means striking and ""wan"" means small ball) as the progenitor, a Chinese game played between the eighth and fourteenth centuries. A Ming Dynasty scroll dating back to 1368 entitled ""The Autumn"
"Bocce volo ' (""flying boules""), or ' (""Lyonnais boules""), is a boules-type game. In ', the balls are thrown overhand (palm down) and are metal. In standard ', the wooden or plastic balls are tossed underhand (palm up) and rolled. ', as it is called for short by the Italians, derives its name from the Italian verb ' meaning 'to fly', and refers to the technique of throwing a ball through the air in an attempt to knock away an opponent's ball. ' is similar to ' in that the ball is thrown rather than rolled or bowled. It is"
"with the outdoor lawn game known as bowls and is thus distantly related to billiard sports, some of which also retain the use of skittles. The skittle dates to the earliest known forms of bowling and ground billiards, even as far back as c. 3300 BCE in Ancient Egypt. Skittles is usually played indoors on a bowling alley, with one or more heavy balls, usually spherical but sometimes oblate, and several (most commonly nine) , or small bowling pins. The general object of the game is to use the ball(s) to knock over the skittles, either specific ones or all"
"of bowling date back to ancient Egypt. Remnants of balls used at the time were found among artifacts in ancient Egypt going back to the Egyptian protodynastic period in 3200 BC. Balls were made using the husks of grains, covered in a material such as leather, and bound with string. Other balls made of porcelain have also been found, indicating that these were rolled along the ground rather than thrown due to their size and weight. Some of these resemble the modern day jack used in target bowl games. Bowling games of different forms are also noted by Herodotus as"
"A match consists of one set or three sets. This game is played in all Italian 20 regions and they dispute regular championship. Pantalera or ""pallapugno alla pantalera"" is generally played on urban streets. The first action of every match consists of playing the ball onto a roof called the ""pantalera"" in Piedmontese language. Other rules are the same as pallapugno. This form was invented by Italian physical education teacher Luigi Gigante in 1986 and in 1992 started a regular championship. Each team has 5 players and there are 2 goals at ends of court. Pallonetto or ""pallonetto ligure al"
"similar to traditional ' (and different from ') in that the ball is delivered with a run-up. A ' players' run-up is athletic, even theatrical, as in '. Bocce volo ' (""flying boules""), or ' (""Lyonnais boules""), is a boules-type game. In ', the balls are thrown overhand (palm down) and are metal. In standard ', the wooden or plastic balls are tossed underhand (palm up) and rolled. ', as it is called for short by the Italians, derives its name from the Italian verb ' meaning 'to fly', and refers to the technique of throwing a ball through the"
"Sferisterio di Macerata The Sferisterio is an open-air stadium or sphaeristerium in Macerata, Italy. An ancient Italian national sport or pallone col bracciale was the most popular sport in Italy for almost five centuries. This game dated back to the 15th century. The people of Macerata decided that they needed somewhere large to play and watch it; a place that could also be used for public spectacles such as circuses and even bull fights. One hundred citizens raised the money themselves, and got Ireneo Aleandri to design and build it. The design involved the destruction and rebuilding of some of"
"Ballo The ballo was an Italian dance form during the fifteenth century, most noted for its frequent changes of tempo and meter. The name ""ballo"" has its origin in Latin ""ballō"", ""ballāre"", meaning ""to dance"", which in turn comes from the Greek ""βαλλίζω"" (""ballizō""), ""to dance, to jump about"". In Greece there is the Greek dance named Ballos. During the Quattrocento ""balli"" were written by various composers, primarily the dance masters Domenico da Piacenza and Guglielmo Ebreo da Pesaro who also wrote treatises including choreographies to their works. Domenico wrote of the balli as dealing with four ""misure"": The Renaissance"
"dance should be distinguished from the early baroque genre of the ballo, which was enlarged to include vocal numbers by such composers as Monteverdi; ""Il ballo delle ingrate"", and Francesco Lambardi; ""Una festa a ballo"". Ballo The ballo was an Italian dance form during the fifteenth century, most noted for its frequent changes of tempo and meter. The name ""ballo"" has its origin in Latin ""ballō"", ""ballāre"", meaning ""to dance"", which in turn comes from the Greek ""βαλλίζω"" (""ballizō""), ""to dance, to jump about"". In Greece there is the Greek dance named Ballos. During the Quattrocento ""balli"" were written by"
"Follis (ball) Follis, a term used in the Ancient Rome or Ball of Wind (pilota de vent), a term used in the 15th and 16th centuries in Spain and Italy. was a hollow ball, inflated with air under pressure, which allowed the ball to jump and bounce when impacting at a certain speed with any solid body. The different types of balls of wind were commonly used to play a variety of ball games that were popular on that particular period of time. Today, although many of the existing balls are inflated with air, the modern name is simplified to"
"Italian Game The Italian Game is a family of chess openings beginning with the moves: The opening is defined by the of the white bishop to c4 (the so-called """"), where it attacks Black's vulnerable f7-square. It is part of the large family of Open Games or Double King's Pawn Games. The Italian Game is one of the oldest recorded chess openings; it occurs in the Göttingen manuscript and was developed by players such as Damiano and Polerio in the 16th century, and later by Greco in 1620, who gave the game its main line. It has been extensively analysed"
"at will. Pallone is often played on courts marked out on town streets. Four kinds of pallone are now played: A pallone player is called ""pallonista"". Celebrated former professional champions include: Pallapugno, or formerly ""pallone elastico"", is a game originally played in Piedmont and Liguria with a bandaged fist. This sport and its champions were described by Cesare Pavese, Beppe Fenoglio, Giovanni Arpino. In the second half of the 20th century a championship was organized in California and played during various years. The professional Italian pallapugno league is the top level of competition: in 2008 ten teams competed. Each team"
"near the middle). The present day opera festival, beginning in the late 1980s and under the auspices of the Macerata Opera, takes place in this location Sferisterio di Macerata The Sferisterio is an open-air stadium or sphaeristerium in Macerata, Italy. An ancient Italian national sport or pallone col bracciale was the most popular sport in Italy for almost five centuries. This game dated back to the 15th century. The people of Macerata decided that they needed somewhere large to play and watch it; a place that could also be used for public spectacles such as circuses and even bull fights."
"Trigon (game) Trigon was a ball game played by the ancient Romans. The name derives from Greek τρίγωνος (""trigōnos""), "" three-cornered, triangular"", and it may have been a romanized version of a Greek game called τρίγων (""trigōn""). It was a type of juggling game, probably involved three players standing in a triangle (hence the name) and passing a hard ball back and forth, catching with the right and throwing with the left hand. Besides the three players, called ""trigonali"", there were also assistants called ""pilecripi"", who kept score and retrieved runaway balls. Petronius's ""Satyricon"" has a description of a ball"
"lungo"" is generally played on urban streets with tennis balls without covering felt. The playing field is long, between 60 and 90 metres, with a width of 18 metres, with or without a lateral wall. Players strike the ball using one bandaged hand in these version: Whoever wins 5 games is the winner of the match; other rules are the same of pallapugno. Other versions of this game are: Pallone Pallone (; Italian for an inflated ball, source of the English word ""balloon"") is the name of several traditional ball games, played in all regions of Italy, with few differences"
"the one that has been running for a longer time without interruption and it is definitely the better known internationally. There are, nevertheless, many other palios that are held throughout the various regions of Italy. Here follows an incomplete list: Palio Palio is the name given in Italy to an annual athletic contest, very often of a historical character, pitting the neighbourhoods of a town or the hamlets of a ""comune"" against each other. Typically they are fought in costume and commemorate some event or tradition of the Middle Ages, and thus often involve horse racing, archery, jousting, crossbow shooting,"
"called trigon, which involved three players passing a ball to one another by hand. The ball was usually small and hard, but occasionally it was a ""follis"" or large bladder-ball. Italy is home to a number of forms of traditional football, some of which have features which are more similar to rugby, than to association football, such as handling the ball. A prime example of this is ""calcio fiorentino"" played in Florence. The ""Piazza Santa Croce"" of Florence is the cradle of this sport, that became known as ""giuoco del calcio fiorentino"" (""Florentine kick game"") or simply ""calcio"" (""kick""). The"
"Bowls Bowls or lawn bowls is a sport in which the objective is to roll biased balls so that they stop close to a smaller ball called a ""jack"" or ""kitty"". It is played on a bowling green which may be flat (for ""flat-green bowls"") or convex or uneven (for ""crown green bowls""). It is normally played outdoors (although there are many indoor venues) and the outdoor surface is either natural grass, artificial turf, or cotula (in New Zealand). It has been traced certainly to the 13th century, and conjecturally to the 12th. William Fitzstephen (d. about 1190), in his"
"game, stooping down to measure the points. After the Romans, the stone balls were replaced by wooden balls. In the Middle Ages, Erasmus referred to the game as ""globurum,"" but it became commonly known as ""boules"" (i.e. 'balls'), and it was played throughout Europe. King Henry III of England banned the playing of the game by his archers — he wanted them to be practicing archery, not playing boules. In the 14th century, Charles IV and Charles V of France forbade the sport to commoners; only in the 17th century was the ban lifted. By the 19th century, in England"