"Jupiter as the god who has ""potestas"" (power) over the forces by which anything happens in the world. Janus, however, has the privilege of being invoked first in rites, since in his power are the beginnings of things (""prima""), the appearance of Jupiter included. The Latins considered Saturn the predecessor of Jupiter. Saturn reigned in Latium during a mythical Golden Age reenacted every year at the festival of Saturnalia. Saturn also retained primacy in matters of agriculture and money. Unlike the Greek tradition of Cronus and Zeus, the usurpation of Saturn as king of the gods by Jupiter was not"
"Jupiter (mythology) Jupiter (from or ""Iuppiter"" , from Proto-Italic *djous ""day, sky"" + *patēr ""father"", thus ""sky father""), also known as Jove gen. ""Iovis"" , is the god of the sky and thunder and king of the gods in Ancient Roman religion and mythology. Jupiter was the chief deity of Roman state religion throughout the Republican and Imperial eras, until Christianity became the dominant religion of the Empire. In Roman mythology, he negotiates with Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome, to establish principles of Roman religion such as offering, or sacrifice. Jupiter is usually thought to have originated as"
"he became identified with Jupiter, as indicated by an inscription that reads ""Optimus Maximus Caelus Aeternus Iup<pi>ter"". According to Cicero and Hyginus, Caelus was the son of Aether and Dies (""Day"" or ""Daylight""). Caelus and Dies were in this tradition the parents of Mercury. With Trivia, Caelus was the father of the distinctively Roman god Janus, as well as of Saturn and Ops. Caelus was also the father of one of the three forms of Jupiter, the other two fathers being Aether and Saturn. In one tradition, Caelus was the father with Tellus of the Muses, though was this probably"
"be sacred to the principal god of Roman mythology, whose name comes from the Proto-Indo-European vocative compound *""Dyēu-pəter"" (nominative: *""Dyēus-pətēr"", meaning ""Father Sky-God"", or ""Father Day-God""). In turn, Jupiter was the counterpart to the mythical Greek ""Zeus"" (Ζεύς), also referred to as ""Dias"" (Δίας), the planetary name of which is retained in modern Greek. The ancient Greeks knew the planet as Phaethon, meaning ""shining one"". The astronomical symbol for the planet, , is a stylized representation of the god's lightning bolt. The original Greek deity ""Zeus"" supplies the root ""zeno-"", used to form some Jupiter-related words, such as ""zenographic"". ""Jovian"""
"the Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus. Caelus Caelus or Coelus was a primal god of the sky in Roman myth and theology, iconography, and literature (compare ""caelum"", the Latin word for ""sky"" or ""the heavens"", hence English ""celestial""). The deity's name usually appears in masculine grammatical form when he is conceived of as a male generative force, but the neuter form Caelum is also found as a divine personification. The name of Caelus indicates that he was the Roman counterpart of the Greek god Uranus (Οὐρανός, ""Ouranos""), who was of major importance in the theogonies of the Greeks. Varro couples him"
"father and others seeking a land in which to settle. In others, Ascanius was the son of Creüsa, while Iulus was the son of Lavinia, daughter of Latinus, the king of Latium with whom Aeneas made peace after landing in Italy. In still different accounts, Iulus was the son not of Aeneas, but of Ascanius. Perhaps an indigenous origin of the name is suggested by ""De Origo Gentis Romanae"", in which Iulus and Ascanius are identical. Described as the son of Jupiter, he was originally known as ""Jobus"", and then ""Julus"". This calls to mind the use of ""Jove"" for"
"Phaethon Phaethon (; , ""Phaéthōn"", ) was the Ancient Greek name for the planet Jupiter, the motions and cycles of which were personified in poetry and myth. Phaethon was said to be the son of the Oceanid Clymene and the solar deity Helios. Alternatively, less common genealogies make him a son of Clymenus by Oceanid Merope, of Helios and Rhodos (thus a full brother of the Heliadae) or of Helios and Prote. Phaethon, challenged by his playmates, sought assurance from his mother that his father was the sun god Helios. She gave him the requested assurance and told him to"
"at the mouth of the Loxahatchee River and whose name is also preserved in the name of nearby Hobe Sound. A mapmaker misunderstood the Spanish spelling ""Jobe"" of the native people name ""Hobe"" and recorded it as ""Jove"". Subsequent mapmakers further misunderstood this to be the name of the Roman god also known as Jupiter, and they adopted the more familiar name of ""Jupiter"". The god Jupiter (or Zeus in the Greek mythology) is the chief Roman god, and god of light, of the sky and weather, and of the state and its welfare and its laws. Jupiter's consort was"
"Uranus (mythology) Uranus (; Ancient Greek , ""Ouranos"" meaning ""sky"" or ""heaven"") was the primal Greek god personifying the sky and one of the Greek primordial deities. Uranus is associated with the Roman god Caelus. In Ancient Greek literature, Uranus or Father Sky was the son and husband of Gaia, Mother Earth. According to Hesiod's ""Theogony"", Uranus was conceived by Gaia alone, but other sources cite Aether as his father. Uranus and Gaia were the parents of the first generation of Titans, and the ancestors of most of the Greek gods, but no cult addressed directly to Uranus survived into"
"Iapetus In Greek mythology, Iapetus (), also Japetus ( ""Iapetos""), was a Titan, the son of Uranus and Gaia, and father (by an Oceanid named Clymene or Asia) of Atlas, Prometheus, Epimetheus and Menoetius. He was also called the father of Buphagus and Anchiale in other sources. Iapetus as the progenitor of mankind has been equated with Japheth (יֶפֶת), the son of Noah, based on the similarity of their names and the tradition, reported by Josephus (""Antiquities of the Jews""), which made Japheth the ancestor of the ""Japhetites"". Iapetus was linked to Japheth by 17th-century theologian Matthew Poole and, more"
"Zeus Zeus (; , ""Zeús"" ) is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who rules as king of the gods of Mount Olympus. His name is cognate with the first element of his Roman equivalent Jupiter. His mythologies and powers are similar, though not identical, to those of Indo-European deities such as Indra, Jupiter, Perkūnas, Perun, Thor, and Odin. Zeus is the child of Cronus and Rhea, the youngest of his siblings to be born, though sometimes reckoned the eldest as the others required disgorging from Cronus's stomach. In most traditions, he is married to Hera, by"
"to Jupiter, the highest Roman god, originally the supreme sky-god of the Indo-Europeans. These are headed with the initials ""IOM"", for ""Iovi Optimo Maximo"" (""to Jupiter the Best and Greatest""). One of these was jointly dedicated to Jupiter and to the ""numen"" (""Divine Spirit"") of the first emperor Augustus, who was officially deified after his death. One altar is dedicated to the Roman god of war Mars and one to the god of the sea, Neptune. Only one altar was dedicated to a native British deity, the Celtic god Cocidius (after whom the fort occupied by the cohort before Banna"
"of the story of the birth of Romulus the details are identical even though Vulcan is not explicitly mentioned. Some scholars think that he might be the unknown god who impregnated goddesses Fortuna Primigenia at Praeneste and Feronia at Anxur. In this case he would be the father of Jupiter. This view is though in conflict with that which links the goddess to Jupiter, as his daughter (""puer Jovis"") and his mother too, as ""primigenia"", meaning ""primordial"". In all of the above-mentioned stories the god's fertilizing power is related to that of the fire of the house hearth. In the"
"Jupiter Indiges According to the Roman historian Livy, Jupiter Indiges is the name given to the deified hero Aeneas. In some versions of his story, he is raised up to become a god after his death by Numicius, a local deity of the river of the same name, at the request of Aeneas' mother Venus. The title Pater Indiges or simply Indiges is also used. The Greek historian Dionysius of Halicarnassus notes that when the body of Aeneas was not found after a battle between his group of Trojan exiles in Italy and the native Rutulians, it was assumed that"
"Jupiter from Zeus. Marcus Terentius Varro and Verrius Flaccus were the main sources on the theology of Jupiter and archaic Roman religion in general. Varro was acquainted with the ""libri pontificum"" (""books of the Pontiffs"") and their archaic classifications. On these two sources depend other ancient authorities, such as Ovid, Servius, Aulus Gellius, Macrobius, patristic texts, Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Plutarch. One of the most important sources which preserve the theology of Jupiter and other Roman deities is ""The City of God against the Pagans"" by Augustine of Hippo. Augustine's criticism of traditional Roman religion is based on Varro's lost"
"a poet, grammarian, and antiquarian is quoted by St. Augustine in the ""De civitate Dei"" (7.9) to support his view that the tutelary deity of Rome was the Capitoline Jupiter: ""Iuppiter omnipotens regum rerumque deumque ""progenitor genetrixque deum, deus unus et omnes …"" The syntax poses difficulties in attempts at translation, and there may be some corruption of the text. It seems to say something like ""Jupiter All-powerful, of kings and the material world and of gods the Father (""progenitor""), the Mother (""genetrix"") of gods, God that is One and All … ."" Augustine says that his source for the"
"other agricultural inventions. And according to Diodorus, these inventions, which greatly reduced manual labor, so pleased the people that they ""accorded to him honours and sacrifices like those offered to the gods, since all men were eager, because of the magnitude of his service to them, to accord to him immortality."" Firmicus Maternus gives a rationalized euhemeristic account of the myth whereby Liber (Dionysus) was the bastard son of a Cretan king named Jupiter (Zeus). When Jupiter left his kingdom in the boy's charge, the king's jealous wife Juno (Hera), conspired with her servants the Titans to murder the bastard"
"Dius Fidius In ancient Roman religion, Dius Fidius (less often as Dius Fidus) was a god of oaths associated with Jupiter. His name was thought to be related to Fides. ""Fidius"" may be an earlier form for ""filius"", ""son"", with the name Dius Fidius originally referring to Hercules as a son of Jupiter. According to some writers, the phrase ""medius fidius"" was equivalent to ""mehercule"" ""My Hercules!"", a common interjection. Varro states that his teacher Aelius Stilo called this god ""Diovis filium"", i.e. ""Dius Filius"" as the Greek ""Διόσκορον Castorem"" on the grounds of the alteration of the letters ""d"""
"and armor for various gods and heroes, including the lightning bolts of Jupiter. He was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and the husband of Maia and Aphrodite (Venus). His smithy was believed to be situated underneath Mount Etna in Sicily. As the son of Jupiter, the king of the gods, and Juno, the queen of the gods, Vulcan should have been quite handsome, but baby Vulcan was small and ugly with a red, bawling face. Juno was so horrified that she hurled the tiny baby off the top of Mount Olympus. Vulcan fell down for a day and a"
"by Emperor Diocletian. Scottish architect Robert Adam considered this temple to be one of Europe's most beautiful monuments. The Temple of Jupiter was constructed between 295 and 305 as part of Diocletian's Palace. It was dedicated to the supreme Roman god and Diocletian's ""divine father"", Jupiter. The temple is located in the western, religious part of the palace. Since the Emperor unexpectedly abdicated the throne in 305 and arrived at the palace from Nicomedia earlier, finishing work on the construction of the Palace was stopped so parts of the Temple remained unfinished. Reliefs depicting gods and various heroes, such as"
"Capitoline Triad The Capitoline Triad was a group of three deities who were worshipped in ancient Roman religion in an elaborate temple on Rome's Capitoline Hill (Latin ""Capitolium""). It comprised Jupiter, Juno and Minerva. The triad held a central place in the public religion of Rome. The three deities who are most commonly referred to as the ""Capitoline Triad"" are Jupiter, the king of the gods; Juno (in her aspect as ""Iuno Regina"", ""Queen Juno""), his wife and sister; and Jupiter's daughter Minerva, the goddess of wisdom. This grouping of a male god and two goddesses was highly unusual in"
"Mercury (mythology) Mercury (; Latin: ""Mercurius"" ) is a major god in Roman religion and mythology, being one of the Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon. He is the god of financial gain, commerce, eloquence, messages, communication (including divination), travelers, boundaries, luck, trickery and thieves; he also serves as the guide of souls to the underworld. He was considered the son of Maia, who was a daughter of the Titan Atlas, and Jupiter in Roman mythology. His name is possibly related to the Latin word ""merx"" (""merchandise""; cf. ""merchant"", ""commerce"", etc.), ""mercari"" (""to trade""), and ""merces"" (""wages""); another possible"
"Hill, where the citadel was located. In the Capitoline Triad, he was the central guardian of the state with Juno and Minerva. His sacred tree was the oak. The Romans regarded Jupiter as the equivalent of the Greek Zeus, and in Latin literature and Roman art, the myths and iconography of Zeus are adapted under the name ""Iuppiter"". In the Greek-influenced tradition, Jupiter was the brother of Neptune and Pluto, the Roman equivalents of Poseidon and Hades respectively. Each presided over one of the three realms of the universe: sky, the waters, and the underworld. The Italic Diespiter was also"
"Greek) the son of Uranus. What is anomalous is that, while the others take Roman names, ""Uranus"" is a name derived from Greek in contrast to the Roman Caelus. Uranus (mythology) Uranus (; Ancient Greek , ""Ouranos"" meaning ""sky"" or ""heaven"") was the primal Greek god personifying the sky and one of the Greek primordial deities. Uranus is associated with the Roman god Caelus. In Ancient Greek literature, Uranus or Father Sky was the son and husband of Gaia, Mother Earth. According to Hesiod's ""Theogony"", Uranus was conceived by Gaia alone, but other sources cite Aether as his father. Uranus"
"about Hercules. Hercules Hercules () is a Roman hero and god. He was the equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Zeus (Roman equivalent Jupiter) and the mortal Alcmene. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures. The Romans adapted the Greek hero's iconography and myths for their literature and art under the name ""Hercules"". In later Western art and literature and in popular culture, ""Hercules"" is more commonly used than ""Heracles"" as the name of the hero. Hercules was a multifaceted figure with contradictory characteristics, which enabled"
"Juno (mythology) Juno (; , ) was an ancient Roman goddess, the protector and special counselor of the state. A daughter of Saturn, she is the wife of Jupiter and the mother of Mars, Vulcan, Bellona and Juventas. She is the Roman equivalent of Hera, queen of the gods in Greek mythology; like Hera, her sacred animal was the peacock. Her Etruscan counterpart was Uni, and she was said to also watch over the women of Rome. As the patron goddess of Rome and the Roman Empire, Juno was called (""Queen"") and was a member of the Capitoline Triad (""Juno"
"Temple of Jupiter Stator (2nd century BC) The Temple of Jupiter Stator (Jupiter the Stayer) was a temple of Ancient Rome in the southern Campus Martius. The Temple of Jupiter Stator was a temple of Ancient Rome, named after the god Jupiter, in his form of Jupiter Stator (Jupiter the stayer). Together with the Temple of Juno Regina (Juno in the form of ""Queen Juno"") and the enclosing Porticus Metelli (later rebuilt as the Porticus Octaviae), it was built by Quintus Caecilius Metellus Macedonicus after his triumph, in 146 BC. It is referred to as ""aedes Iovis Metellina"" and aedes"
"Pallas (Titan) In Greek mythology, Pallas (; ) was one of the Titans. According to Hesiod, he was the son of Crius and Eurybia, the brother of Astraeus and Perses, the husband of Styx, and the father of Zelus (""Zeal"" or ""Emulation""), Nike (""Victory""), Kratos (""Strength"" or ""Power""), and Bia (""Might"" or ""Force""). Hyginus says that Pallas, whom he calls ""the giant"", also fathered with Styx: Scylla, Fontes (""Fountains"") and Lacus (""Lakes""). Pallas was sometimes regarded as the Titan god of warcraft and of the springtime campaign season. The ""Homeric Hymn to Hermes"" makes the moon goddess Selene (usually the"
"are both named after the god. The Roman land preserved the remembrance of a very remote time during which Saturn and Janus reigned on the site of the city before its foundation: the Capitol was called . The Romans identified Saturn with the Greek Cronus, whose myths were adapted for Latin literature and Roman art. In particular, Cronus's role in the genealogy of the Greek gods was transferred to Saturn. As early as Livius Andronicus (3rd century BC), Jupiter was called the son of Saturn. Saturn had two mistresses who represented different aspects of the god. The name of his"
"to Virgil, Ascanius was also called Iulus or Julus. The Gens Julia, or the Julians, the clan to which Julius Caesar belonged, claimed to have been descended from Ascanius/Iulus, his father Aeneas, and, ultimately, the goddess Venus, the mother of Aeneas in myth, his father being the mortal Anchises. According to Dionysius of Halicarnassus, however, Julus was a son of Ascanius who disputed the succession of the kingdom of Alba Longa with Silvius, upon the death of Ascanius. According to another legend mentioned by Livy, Ascanius may have been the son of Aeneas and Lavinia and thus born in Latium,"
"families and their homes. Houses, doors, gates, streets, districts, tribes, each one had its own ""genius"". The supreme hierarchy of the Roman gods, like that of the Greeks, was modelled after a human family. It featured a father, Jupiter, who was also the supreme divine unity, and a mother, ""Juno"", queen of the gods. These supreme unities were subdivided into ""genii"" for each individual family; hence, the ""genius"" of each female, representing the female domestic reproductive power, was a Juno. The male function was a Jupiter. The juno was worshipped under many titles: ""Genii"" were often viewed as protective spirits,"
"language is poorly understood and there is no scholarly consensus for the translation. Tinia appears in several inscriptions, including: Tinia Tinia (also Tin, Tinh, Tins or ""Tina"") was the god of the sky and the highest god in Etruscan mythology, equivalent to the Roman Jupiter and the Greek Zeus. He was the husband of Thalna or Uni and the father of Hercle. The Etruscans believed in Nine Great Gods, who had the power of hurling thunderbolts; they were called ""Novensiles"" by the Romans. Of thunderbolts there were eleven sorts, of which Tinia, as the supreme thunder-god, wielded three. Tinia was"
"Hercules Hercules () is a Roman hero and god. He was the equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, who was the son of Zeus (Roman equivalent Jupiter) and the mortal Alcmene. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures. The Romans adapted the Greek hero's iconography and myths for their literature and art under the name ""Hercules"". In later Western art and literature and in popular culture, ""Hercules"" is more commonly used than ""Heracles"" as the name of the hero. Hercules was a multifaceted figure with contradictory characteristics, which enabled later artists"