"shown in this actual legal description of rural real estate: The terms ""pole"", ""perch"", ""rod"" and ""rood"" have been used as units of area, and ""perch"" is also used as a unit of volume. As a unit of area, a ""square perch"" (the perch being standardized to equal feet, or yards) is equal to a square rod, or acre. There are 40 square perches to a rood (e.g., a rectangular area one furlong (10 chains i.e. 40 rods) in length by one rod in width), and 160 square perches to an acre (an area one furlong by one chain (i.e."
"of land are approximately 80 chains (one mile or 1.6 km), 40 chains (half a mile or 800 m), and 20 chains (a quarter mile or 400 m) on a side. The chain is still used in agriculture: measuring wheels with a circumference of 0.1 chain (diameter ≈ 2.1 ft or 64 cm) are still readily available in Canada and the United States. For a rectangular tract, multiplying the number of turns of a chain wheel for each of two adjacent sides and dividing by 1000 gives the area in acres. In Canada, road allowances were originally 1 chain wide"
"7.92 inches long. A quarter chain, or 25 links, measures 5½ yards and thus measures a rod (or pole). Ten chains measure a furlong and 80 chains measure a statute mile. Gunter's chain reconciled two seemingly incompatible systems: the traditional English land measurements, based on the number four, and decimals based on the number 10. Since an acre measured 10 square chains (or 100,000 square links) in Gunter's system, the entire process of land measurement could be computed using measurements in links, and then converted to acres by dividing the results by 100,000. The method of surveying a field or"
"all modern variants of the acre contain 4,840 square yards, there are alternative definitions of a yard, so the exact size of an acre depends on which yard it is based. Originally, an acre was understood as a selion of land sized at forty perches (660 ft, or 1 furlong) long and four perches (66 ft) wide; this may have also been understood as an approximation of the amount of land a yoke of oxen could plough in one day. A square enclosing one acre is approximately 69.57 yards, or 208 feet 9 inches () on a side. As a"
"Chain Road, by Lee Kernaghan, include the line ""He lived out on the three chain road"". Chain (unit) The chain is a unit of length equal to 66 feet (22 yards). It is subdivided into 100 links or 4 rods. There are 10 chains in a furlong, and 80 chains in one statute mile. In metric terms, it is 20.1168 m long. By extension, chainage (running distance) is the distance along a curved or straight survey line from a fixed commencing point, as given by an odometer. The chain has been used for several centuries in England and in some"
"Chain (unit) The chain is a unit of length equal to 66 feet (22 yards). It is subdivided into 100 links or 4 rods. There are 10 chains in a furlong, and 80 chains in one statute mile. In metric terms, it is 20.1168 m long. By extension, chainage (running distance) is the distance along a curved or straight survey line from a fixed commencing point, as given by an odometer. The chain has been used for several centuries in England and in some other countries influenced by English practice. In the United Kingdom, there were 80 chains to the"
"such as corners of a field, and using triangulation the field or other area could be plotted on a plane, and its area calculated. A chain long, with intermediate measurements indicated, was chosen for the purpose, and is called Gunter's chain. The length of the chain chosen, , being called a chain gives a unit easily converted to area. Therefore, a parcel of 10 square chains gives 1 acre. The area of any parcel measured in chains will thereby be easily calculated. Gunter's quadrant is an instrument made of wood, brass or other substance, containing a kind of stereographic projection"
"the book ""Connections"": the English monk Richard Benese ""produced a book on how to survey land using the simple tools of the time, a rod with cord carrying knots at certain intervals, waxed and resined against wet weather."" Benese poetically described the measure of an acre in terms of a perch: The practice of using surveyor's chains, and perch-length rods made into a detachable stiff chain, came about a century later when iron was a more plentiful and common material. A chain is a larger unit of length measuring , or 22 yards, or 100 links, or 4 rods (20.1168"
"because turning a team of oxen pulling a heavy plough was difficult. This offset the drainage advantages of short furrows and meant furrows were made as long as possible. An acre is an area that is one furlong long and one chain (66 feet or 22 yards) wide. For this reason, the furlong was once also called an acre's length, though in modern usage an area of one acre can be of any shape. The term furlong, or shot, was also used to describe a grouping of adjacent strips within an open field. Among the early Anglo-Saxons, the rod was"
"Rod (unit) The rod or perch or pole is a surveyor’s tool and unit of length exactly equal to yards, 16 feet, of a statute mile or one-fourth of a surveyor's chain (approximately 5.0292 meters). The rod is useful as a unit of length because whole number multiples of it can form one acre of square measure. The 'perfect acre' is a rectangular area of 43,560 square feet, bounded by sides of length 660 feet and 66 feet (220 yards and 22 yards) or, equivalently, 40 rods and 4 rods. An acre is therefore 160 square rods. A rod is"
"published in the chain unit to maintain the consistency of a two-hundred-year-old database. In the Midwest of the US it is not uncommon to encounter deeds with references to chains, poles, or rod units, especially in farming country. Minor roads surveyed in Australia and New Zealand were in the 19th and early 20th centuries customarily one chain wide. The length of a cricket pitch is one chain (22 yards). A similar American system, of lesser popularity, is ""Ramsden’s"" or the ""engineer’s system"", where the chain consists also of 100 links, each one foot (0.3048 m) long. The original of such"
"The term ""chain"" is used by wildland firefighters in day-to-day operations as a unit of distance. In Australia and New Zealand, most building lots in the past were a quarter of an acre, measuring one chain by two and a half chains, and other lots would be multiples or fractions of a chain. The street frontages of many houses in these countries are one chain wide—roads were almost always wide in urban areas, sometimes or . Laneways would be half a chain (10.1 m). In rural areas the roads were wider, up to where a stock route was required. roads"
"Cuerda The term ""cuerda"" (and ""Spanish acre"") refers to various units of measurement in some Spanish-speaking regions, including Spain, Puerto Rico, Guatemala, Cuba, and Paraguay. Cuerda is a unit of area, volume, and distance (length), depending on the country of use. In Puerto Rico, a ""cuerda"" is a traditional unit of land area nearly equivalent to 3,930 square meters, or 4,700 square yards, 0.971 acre, or 0.393 hectare (ha). The precise conversion is 1 cuerda = 3,930.395625 m. The term ""Spanish acre"" instead has been used sometimes by mainlanders. A cuerda and an acre have often been treated as equal"
"Hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is an SI accepted metric system unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides, or 10,000 m, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is about 0.405 hectare and one hectare contains about 2.47 acres. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the ""are"" was defined as 100 :square metres and the hectare (""hecto-"" + ""are"") was thus 100 ""ares"" or km. When the metric system was further rationalised in 1960, resulting in the International System of Units"
"chains, of lengths 5 m, 10 m, 20 m and 30 m, are widely used in India. Tolerances are +/- 3 mm for 5 m and 10 m chains, +/- 5 mm for a 20 m chain, and +/- 8 mm for a 30 m chain. In India, a revenue chain with 16 links and of length 33 ft is used in cadastral surveys. Also in North America, a variant of the chain is used in forestry for traverse surveys. This modern chain is a static cord (thin rope) 50 metres long, marked with a small tag at each metre,"
"unit of measure, an acre has no prescribed shape; any area of 43,560 square feet is an acre. In the international yard and pound agreement of 1959 the United States and five countries of the Commonwealth of Nations defined the international yard to be exactly 0.9144 metres. By inference, an ""international acre"" may be declared as exactly square metres but it does not have a basis in any international agreement. Both the international acre and the US survey acre contain of a square mile or 4,840 square yards, but alternative definitions of a yard are used (see survey foot and"
"the United States both the international acre and the US survey acre are in use, but they differ by only two parts per million: see below. The most common use of the acre is to measure tracts of land. The acre, based upon the International yard and pound agreement of 1959, is defined as exactly square metres. Traditionally, in the Middle Ages, an acre was defined as the area of land that could be ploughed in one day by a ""yoke"" of oxen. One acre equals (0.0015625) square mile, 4,840 square yards, 43,560 square feet or about (see below). While"
"The surveyors chain was first mentioned 1579 and appears in an illustration in 1607. In 1593 the English mile was redefined by a statute of Queen Elizabeth I as 5280 feet, to tie in with agricultural practice. In 1620, the polymath Edmund Gunter developed a method of accurately surveying land using a surveyors chain 66 feet long with 100 links. The 66 feet unit, which was four perches or rods, took on the name the chain. By 1675 it was accepted, and Ogilby wrote: ...a Word or two of Dimensurators or Measuring Instruments, whereof the mosts usual has been the"
"(1,000,000,000 m, or 1000 GL), with 1000 TAF or 1 million acre-feet approximately equalling 1.233 km. Acre-foot The acre-foot is a unit of volume commonly used in the United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs, aqueducts, canals, sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows. As the name suggests, an acre-foot is defined as the volume of one acre of surface area to a depth of one foot. Since an acre is defined as a chain by a furlong (i.e. ), an acre-foot is . There are two definitions of an acre-foot (differing by about 0.0006%),"
"that two consecutive concession roads and two consecutive side roads enclosed a square of . Another system used 100-acre lots each 30 by 33.333 chains, again arranged in 1000-acre blocks. Concession roads were 5/6-mile apart, while sideroads were 1-7/8 mile apart. Other plans used during colonial surveying used different layouts and lot sizes of 100, 150, 160, 200 or 320 acres. In a ""Single Front"" survey, lots were measured from one side of the concession to the other. Any errors in the survey became apparent at the road junctions, with the side roads being offset.Example Jogged Intersection in Single Front"
"survey yard), so the exact size of an acre depends upon which yard it is based. The US survey acre is about square metres; its exact value ( m) is based on an inch defined by 1 metre = 39.37 inches exactly, as established by the Mendenhall Order. Surveyors in the United States use both international and survey feet, and consequently, both varieties of acre. Since the difference between the US survey acre and international acre is only about a quarter of the size of an A4 sheet of paper (0.016 square metres, 160 square centimetres or 24.8 square inches),"
"was historically spelled ""aker"". A possible wording of the Act on the Composition of Yards and Perches, dating from around 1300, is: It is ordained that 3 grains of barley dry and round do make an inch, 12 inches make 1 foot, 3 feet make 1 yard, 5 yards and a half make a perch, and 40 perches in length and 4 in breadth make an acre. The acre was roughly the amount of land tillable by a yoke of oxen in one day. This explains one definition as the area of a rectangle with sides of length one chain"
"("", of approximately ), and the arpent used in Paris, which was defined as 220 French feet. Historically, in North America, 1 (square) arpent (""), also known as a French acre, was 180 French feet × 180 French feet = 32,400 French square feet = about 3419 square metres = about 0.845 English acres. Certain U.S. states have official definitions of the arpent which vary slightly: In Paris, the square arpent was 220 French feet × 220 French feet = 48,400 French square feet, about . In Mauritius and Seychelles, an arpent is about 4220.87 square metres, 0.4221 hectares, 1.043"
"different lengths. Based on data from the following: In England, the rod is first defined in law by the Composition of Yards and Perches, one of the statutes of uncertain date from the late 13th to early 14th centuries. The length of the ""chain"" was standardized in 1620 by Edmund Gunter at exactly four rods. Fields were measured in ""acres"", which were one chain (four rods) by one furlong (in the United Kingdom, ten chains). Bars of metal one rod long were used as standards of length when surveying land. The rod was still in use as a common unit"
"in bold. One hectare is also equivalent to: Hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is an SI accepted metric system unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides, or 10,000 m, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is about 0.405 hectare and one hectare contains about 2.47 acres. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the ""are"" was defined as 100 :square metres and the hectare (""hecto-"" + ""are"") was thus 100 ""ares"" or km. When the metric system was further rationalised in"
"1873 Return; similar applications were made to the guardians of parishes not under the Union Assessment Committee Act. The columns were headed from left to right: ""Surname, Christian name, Acres, Rods, Perches, £s. Area is listed as A/R/P. ""A"" is acre (640 to the square mile). ""R"" is rood: a ploughing strip 220 yards long (one furlong) and wide (one rod, pole or perch). Four roods equal one acre. ""P"" is a square pole []; 40 square poles equal one rood. Rentals are in £ (pounds) and s (shillings); 20 shillings equal £1. The £s value relates to the land's"
"and one furlong. A long, narrow strip of land is more efficient to plough than a square plot, since the plough does not have to be turned so often. The word ""furlong"" itself derives from the fact that it is one furrow long. Before the enactment of the metric system, many countries in Europe used their own official acres. These were differently sized in different countries: for instance, the historical French acre was 4,221 square metres, whereas in Germany there were many variants of ""acre"", differing between the German states: Statutory values for the acre were enacted in England, and"
"with each square called a quadrant 486 nautical miles to a side. E.g CA covered the East Coast of the United States from about Portsmouth, Hampshire south to Cape Fear, North Carolina. Each such sector was further sub-divided into a 3 x 3 matrix, so that there were nine squares. Each of the nine squares were again divided into nine smaller squares. This was known as a Grid, so that there were now 81 total grid squares within a sector. Each grid was given a two-digit designation, so the Grid System would now have two alphabets and two digits. Each"
"letters of the second line. Tetrad (area) A tetrad is an area 2 km x 2 km square. The term has a particular use in connection with the British Ordnance Survey national grid, and then refers to any of the 25 such squares which make up a standard hectad. Tetrads are sometimes used by biologists for reporting the distribution of species to maintain a degree of confidentiality about their data, though the system is not in universal use. The tetrads are labelled from ""A"" to ""Z"" (omitting ""O"") according to the ""DINTY"" system as shown in the grid below, which"
"mile, but until the early nineteenth century the Scottish and Irish customary miles were longer than the statute mile; consequently a Scots chain was about 74 (imperial) feet, an Irish chain 84 feet. These longer chains became obsolete following the adoption of the imperial system in 1824. This unit ceased to be permitted to be ""used for trade"" in 1985. The UK statute chain is 22 yards []. Until the Weights and Measures Act 1985, this length was a formal unit of statute measure in the United Kingdom. One link is a hundredth part of a chain, so is ."
"chains was that constructed, to very high precision, for the measurement of the baselines of the Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790) and the Principal Triangulation of Great Britain. The even less common ""Rathborn system"", also from the 17th century, is based on a 200-link chain of two rods (33 feet, 10.0584 m) length. Each rod (or perch or pole) consists of 100 links, (1.98 inches, 50.292 mm each), which are called ""seconds"" (″), ten of which make a ""prime"" (′, 19.8 inches, 0.503 m). Vincent Wing made chains with 9.90-inch links, most commonly as 33-foot half-chains of 40 links. These chains were"
"Quarter acre In Australian and New Zealand English, a quarter acre is a term for a suburban plot of land. Traditionally, Australians and New Zealanders aspired to own a 3- or 4-bedroom house or bungalow on a section of around a quarter of an acre (about 1,000 square metres), also known locally as the Australian Dream or the New Zealand dream. The land was frequently put to use with vegetable gardens, fruit trees, or lawns for family recreation. The quarter-acre aspiration has changed in recent decades, with sub-divisions, infill housing, apartments, and townhouses becoming more common in large cities, and"
"usage of ""foot."" 1 square foot is equivalent to: 1 acre is equivalent to 43,560 square feet. Square foot The square foot (plural square feet; abbreviated sq. ft, sf, ft) is an imperial unit and U.S. customary unit (non-SI, non-metric) of area, used mainly in the United States and partially in Bangladesh, Canada, Ghana, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Singapore and the United Kingdom. It is defined as the area of a square with sides of 1 foot. Although the pluralisation is regular in the noun form, when used as an adjective, the singular is preferred. So, a flat"