"Years' War"") and the French Bourbons were undoubtedly the prime example of ""haughty tyrants"", whose ""slaves"" Britons should never be. According to Armitage ""Rule, Britannia'"" was the most lasting expression of the conception of Britain and the British Empire that emerged in the 1730s, ""predicated on a mixture of adulterated mercantilism, nationalistic anxiety and libertarian fervour"". He equates the song with Bolingbroke's ""On the Idea of a Patriot King"" (1738), also written for the private circle of Frederick, Prince of Wales, in which Bolingbroke had ""raised the spectre of permanent standing armies that might be turned against the British people"
"Rule Britannia (novel) Rule Britannia is Daphne du Maurier's last novel, published in 1972 by Victor Gollancz. The novel is set in a fictional near future in which the UK's recent withdrawal from the EEC has brought the country to the verge of bankruptcy. Emma, 20, lives with her elderly grandmother, Mad (short for ‘Madam’), a famous retired actress, in the small village of Poldrea in Cornwall. They share a large house near the coast with Mad's six ‘maladjusted’ adopted sons who range in age from 3 to 18. One morning, Emma wakes to the sound of aeroplanes overhead. An"
"saw it happen or where they were when they heard about it."" Lord British Lord British, whose full name is Lord Cantabrigian British, is the name of the fictional ruler of Britannia, a kingdom in the fictional world of Sosaria, created by Richard Garriott for his computer game series ""Ultima"". Garriott himself is also known to his fans as Lord British. ""Ultima"" series creator Richard Garriott acquired the nickname ""British"" as a teenager from friends at computer camp who claimed his greeting to them, ""hello"", was distinct from the usual American ""hi"". The Lord title was later added when he"
"opening phrase of ""Rule, Britannia!"" in his choral work ""The Music Makers"", based on Arthur O'Shaughnessy's ""Ode"" at the line ""We fashion an empire's glory"", where he also quotes ""La Marseillaise"". Rule, Britannia! ""Rule, Britannia!"" is a British patriotic song, originating from the poem ""Rule, Britannia"" by James Thomson and set to music by Thomas Arne in 1740. It is strongly associated with the Royal Navy, but also used by the British Army. This British national air was originally included in ""Alfred"", a masque about Alfred the Great co-written by Thomson and David Mallet and first performed at Cliveden, country"
"Lord British Lord British, whose full name is Lord Cantabrigian British, is the name of the fictional ruler of Britannia, a kingdom in the fictional world of Sosaria, created by Richard Garriott for his computer game series ""Ultima"". Garriott himself is also known to his fans as Lord British. ""Ultima"" series creator Richard Garriott acquired the nickname ""British"" as a teenager from friends at computer camp who claimed his greeting to them, ""hello"", was distinct from the usual American ""hi"". The Lord title was later added when he played the dungeon master in Dungeons & Dragons games. When his first"
"Rule, Britannia! ""Rule, Britannia!"" is a British patriotic song, originating from the poem ""Rule, Britannia"" by James Thomson and set to music by Thomas Arne in 1740. It is strongly associated with the Royal Navy, but also used by the British Army. This British national air was originally included in ""Alfred"", a masque about Alfred the Great co-written by Thomson and David Mallet and first performed at Cliveden, country home of Frederick, Prince of Wales (the eldest son of George II and father of the future George III, as well as the great-grandfather of Queen Victoria), on 1 August 1740,"
"Cool Britannia Cool Britannia was a period of increased pride in the culture of the United Kingdom throughout most of the 1990s, inspired by 1960s pop culture. The success of Britpop and musical acts such as the Spice Girls, Blur, Oasis and Pulp led to a renewed feeling of optimism in the United Kingdom following the tumultuous years of the 1970s and 1980s. The name is a pun on the title of the British patriotic song ""Rule, Britannia!"". The phrase ""Cool Britannia"" was first used in 1967 as a song title by the Bonzo Dog Doo Dah Band. The phrase"
"the grammar. Richard Dawkins recounts in ""The Selfish Gene"" that the repeated exclamation ""Rule, Britannia! Britannia, rule the waves!"" is often rendered as ""Rule, Britannia! Britannia rules the waves!"", changing both the meaning and inflection of the verse. This addition of a terminal 's' to the lyrics is used as an example of a successful meme. Maurice Willson Disher notes that the change from ""Britannia, rule the waves"" to ""Britannia rules the waves"" occurred in the Victorian era, at a time when the British did rule the waves and no longer needed to be exhorted to rule them. Disher also"
"the modern Welsh ""Prydain"". After centuries of declining use, the Latin form was revived during the English Renaissance as a rhetorical evocation of a British national identity. Especially following the Acts of Union in 1707, which joined the Kingdoms of England and Scotland, the personification of the martial Britannia was used as an emblem of British maritime power and unity, most notably in ""Rule, Britannia!"". A British cultural icon, she was featured on all modern British coinage series until the redesign in 2008, and still appears annually on the gold and silver ""Britannia"" bullion coin series. In 2015 a new"
"the Darlings. But du Maurier also put more of her own character into Mad than she realised. Westland suggested that du Maurier's motive in writing the book was to explore her own feelings about the Britain that her grandchildren would inherit. She hated the superior attitude of London, and the crass interventions from up-country. In the novel she tried to give Cornwall back to the Cornish and let them defend their own land. Rule Britannia (novel) Rule Britannia is Daphne du Maurier's last novel, published in 1972 by Victor Gollancz. The novel is set in a fictional near future in"
"showing influence on Cumbric not found in Welsh. The royal seal of Alexander III of Scotland (who reigned 4 September 1241 – 19 March 1286) bore the title ""Rex Scotorum et Britanniarum"", or ""King of Scots and Britons"". In 1305 Edward I of England prohibited the ""Leges inter Brettos et Scottos"". The term Brets or Britons refers to the native, traditionally Cumbric speaking people of southern Scotland. It seems that Cumbric could well have survived into the middle of the 12th century as a community language and even lasted into the 13th on the tongues of the last remaining speakers."
"British Raj The British Raj (; from ""rāj"", literally, ""rule"" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947. The rule is also called Crown rule in India, or direct rule in India. The region under British control was commonly called British India or simply India in contemporaneous usage, and included areas directly administered by the United Kingdom, which were collectively called British India, and those ruled by indigenous rulers, but under British tutelage or paramountcy, and called the princely states. The whole was also informally called the Indian Empire. As India,"
"King of the Britons The title King of the Britons (Latin ""Rex Britannorum"") was used (often retrospectively) to refer to the most powerful ruler among the Celtic Britons, both before and after the period of Roman Britain up until the Norman conquest of England. The Britons were the Brittonic-speaking peoples of what is now England, Wales, and southern Scotland, whose ethnic identity is today maintained by the Welsh, Cornish and Bretons. The same title was also used to refer to some of the rulers of Brittany in the ninth century, but there it is best translated as King of the"
"2011, 2013, 2014, and 2015. ""Rule, Britannia!"" has been given a place in the programme in its own right, and was still performed in the years in which the full ""Fantasia"" was omitted.. ""Rule, Britannia!"" was originally included in the ""Fantasia"", but for many years up to the 2000 it had been performed in an arrangement by Sir Malcolm Sargent, with a noted opera singer to encourage the audience to sing the refrain. From 2002 to 2007, the BBC reverted to the original arrangement that Sir Henry Wood made for the ""Fantasia"", performing just one verse with chorus for audience"
"language. Zinkin argues that in the long-run, what matters most about the legacy of the Raj is the British political ideologies which the Indians took over after 1947, especially the belief in unity, democracy, the rule of law and a certain equality beyond caste and creed. Zinkin sees this not just in the Congress party but also among Hindu nationalists in the Bharatiya Janata Party, which specifically emphasises Hindu traditions. British Raj The British Raj (; from ""rāj"", literally, ""rule"" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947. The rule is"
"Ruled Britannia Ruled Britannia is an alternate history novel by Harry Turtledove, first published in hardcover by New American Library in 2002. The book is set in the years 1597–1598, in an alternate universe where the Spanish Armada is successful in 1588. The Kingdom of England has been conquered and returned to the fold of the Roman Catholic Church under the rule of Queen Isabella, daughter of Philip II of Spain. Queen Elizabeth is deposed and is imprisoned within the Tower of London as her fellow Protestants are burned as heretics by the English Inquisition. The story is seen from"
"Last Post The ""Last Post"" is either a B♭ bugle call within British infantry regiments, or an E♭ cavalry trumpet call in British cavalry and Royal Regiment of Artillery (Royal Horse Artillery and Royal Artillery), and is used at Commonwealth military funerals, and ceremonies commemorating those who have been killed in war. Its duration varies typically from a little over one minute to nearly three minutes. For ceremonial use, the Last Post is often followed by ""The Rouse"", or less usually the longer ""Reveille"". The two regimental traditions have separate music for the call (see ""Trumpet & Bugle Calls for"
"Britannia Britannia () has been used in several different senses. The name is a Latinisation of the native Brittonic word for the island, ""Pretanī"", which also produced the Greek form ""Prettanike"" or ""Brettaniai"", which originally, in the fourth to the first centuries BC, designated a collection of islands with individual names, including Albion or Britain. In Modern Welsh the name remains ""Prydain"". By the 1st century BC, Britannia came to be used for Great Britain specifically. After the Roman conquest in 43 AD, Britannia meant Roman Britain, a province covering the island south of Caledonia (roughly Scotland). When Roman Britain"
"the climax of the same game, Lord British finally ventures outside the confines of his castle to help the Avatar in a final showdown with Lord Blackthorn. One of the most famous attributes of Lord British is that he is almost invincible. In every Ultima game in which he has appeared, he is designed to be ""almost"" impervious to a player's character predations. However, there are ways for a player thinking outside the box to assassinate him. This phenomenon is the origin of the ""Lord British Postulate"" which states: ""If it exists as a living creature in an MMORPG, someone,"
"United Kingdom, originating from Roman Britain. Britannia is symbolised as a young woman with brown or golden hair, wearing a Corinthian helmet and white robes. She holds Poseidon's three-pronged trident and a shield, bearing the Union Flag. Sometimes she is depicted as riding on the back of a lion. Since the height of the British Empire in the late 19th century, Britannia has often been associated with British maritime dominance, as in the patriotic song ""Rule, Britannia!"". Up until 2008, the lion symbol was depicted behind Britannia on the British fifty pence coin and on the back of the British"
"sometimes ""King of Alba"". Only after 900 does the latter title become standard. From the reign of David I, the title became either """"rex Scottorum"""" (""King of Scots"") or """"rex Scotiae"""" (""King of Scotland""). The former term was the most common, but the latter was used sometimes. James VI and I proclaimed himself ""King of Great Brittaine, France and Ireland” by Royal Proclamation, but this was not accepted by the English Parliament. The last three monarchs of Scotland—William II (William III of England), Mary II and Anne—all used ""King/Queen of Scotland"" in preference to ""of Scots"". Style of the British"
"Beechey family of Lincoln, UK. Amy Beechey had eight sons who all enlisted to fight during the First World War; only three of them survived. The bugle call is played during the final moments of the play. The play was directed by Janie Smith and performed by people of Lincoln. Last Post The ""Last Post"" is either a B♭ bugle call within British infantry regiments, or an E♭ cavalry trumpet call in British cavalry and Royal Regiment of Artillery (Royal Horse Artillery and Royal Artillery), and is used at Commonwealth military funerals, and ceremonies commemorating those who have been killed"
"in , the Three Principles and the Eight Virtues marked a reinvention of the game focus from a traditional role-playing model into an ethically framed one. Each virtue is associated with a party member, one of Britannia's cities, and one of the eight other planets in Britannia's solar system. Each virtue also has a mantra and each principle a word of power that the player must learn. The Eight Virtues explored in ""Ultima"" are Honesty, Compassion, Valor, Justice, Sacrifice, Honor, Spirituality, and Humility. These Eight Virtues are based on the Three Principles of Truth, Love, and Courage. The Principles are"
"that cannot be replicated later in the game), the Avatar brings the heavily wounded Shamino to Iolo's nearby hut where Iolo fills him in on recent developments: Lord British has been lost on an expedition into the Underworld, and a tyrant known as Lord Blackthorn now rules Britannia in his stead. Blackthorn enforces a strict, rigid version of the Virtues, which leads to results that are anything but virtuous (such as, ""Thou shalt not lie, or thou shalt lose thy tongue"", ""Thou shalt donate half thy income to charity, or thou shalt have no income"" or ""Thou shalt enforce the"
"Britannia Prima Britannia Prima or Britannia I (Latin for ""First Britain"") was one of the provinces of the Diocese of ""the Britains"" created during the Diocletian Reforms at the end of the 3rd century. It was probably created after the defeat of the usurper Allectus by Constantius Chlorus in 296 and was mentioned in the Verona List of the Roman provinces. Its position and capital remain uncertain, although it was probably located closer to Rome than Britannia II. At present, most scholars place Britannia I in Wales, Cornwall, and the lands connecting them. On the basis of a recovered inscription,"
"""Rule, Britannia!"". During the various solos, the performing artist often ""ad libbed"" their own variation on the melody and various parts of the ""Fantasia"" were often repeated at the request of the audience, whose participation was usually encouraged by light-hearted mockery on the part of the conductor. Fantasia on British Sea Songs Fantasia on British Sea Songs or Fantasy on British Sea Songs is a medley of British sea songs arranged by Sir Henry Wood in 1905 to mark the centenary of the Battle of Trafalgar. For many years it was seen as an indispensable item at the BBC's Last"
"by the main characters as well as updates along the journey at Old Kent Road, New Cross, Blackheath, Dartford, Gravesend, Rochester, Chatham Naval Memorial and Canterbury Cathedral. The title 'Last Orders' not only refers to these instructions as stipulated in Jack Dodd's will, but also alludes to the 'last orders (of the day)' - the last round of drinks to be ordered before a pub closes, as drinking was a favourite pastime of Jack and the other characters. The plot and style are influenced by William Faulkner's ""As I Lay Dying"". In June 1996, Swift declared that it was an"
"makes the virtue system more of a ""philosophical journey"" than an ordinary game puzzle. The ""Ultima"" series of computer games employed several different artificial scripts. The people of Britannia, the fantasy world where the games are set, speak English, and most of the day-to-day things are written in Latin alphabet. However, there still are other scripts, which are used by tradition. Britannian runes are the most commonly seen script. In many of the games of the series, most signs are written in runic. The runes are based on Germanic runes, but closer to Dwarven runes in Tolkien's ""The Lord of"
"released with the ""Ultima Collection"" contained all copy protection answers for every game. In ""Ultima VII Part 2: Serpent Isle"", the copy protection was changed slightly. Players were asked questions at two points in the game, and if they could not answer after two attempts, all NPCs said nothing but altered versions of famous quotes, such as ""My kingdom for a hammer!"", ""Honor thy father and thy hoe, babycakes"" and ""Oh my, twig, I don't think we're in Britannia anymore"". Everything would also be labeled ""Oink!"", preventing the game from being played. From Ultima VIII onward, copy protection questions were"
"With heads carried high, we will banish all fear;<br> To honour we call you, as freemen not slaves,<br> For who are so free as the sons of the waves? Alternative last verse:<br> Britannia triumphant her ships rule the seas,<br> Her watchword is 'Justice' her password is 'Free',<br> So come cheer up my lads, with one heart let us sing,<br> Our soldiers, our sailors, our statesmen, our King [Queen]. A new version was presented on 16 April 1809 and published in the ""Spirit of the public Journals,"" vol. XIII, p. 75 by Reverend Rylance. When Alfred, our King, drove the Dane"
"a literary invention that used the name of a historical person to advance the plot of the story. In Book XII, Chapter XIV of the ""Historia"", Cadwaladr is given as the last in a line of kings that began with Brutus of Troy. Chapters XV – XVIII have him leaving a depopulated Britain for Brittany, where the British people have resettled. Britain itself has been almost emptied by plague; for eleven years the country was ""completely abandoned by all the Britons"" except for parts of Wales. Cadwaladr is received as a guest by Alan Hir, King of Brittany. Taking advantage"
"would become the Avatar) dealt with Mondain this time, but three-fourths of the world mysteriously disappeared for causes unknown. Numerous plotlines and side quests in the Ultima games revolve around one of Lord British's adventures or public works projects. He had a key role in founding the Museum, Conservatory and other institutions of the Britannian society. In the ""Ultima"" series, Lord British rules from his throne inside Castle Britannia, and continuously provides healing, resurrection and other miscellaneous help for the Avatar (the main character) and his adventuring party. In the first three ""Ultima"" games, British charged a significant sum of"
"both are eventually killed, sparking a civil war. This leads to Britain being ruled by five kings, who keep attacking each other. Dunvallo Molmutius, the son of Cloten, the King of Cornwall, becomes pre-eminent. He eventually defeats the other kings and establishes his rule over the whole island. He is said to have ""established the so-called Molmutine Laws which are still famous today among the English"". Dunvallo's sons, Belinus and Brennius, fight a civil war before being reconciled by their mother, and proceed to sack Rome. Victorious, Brennius remains in Italy, while Belinus returns to rule Britain. Numerous brief accounts"