"implicit in Manet's painting, Wall updates the theme by positioning the camera at the centre of the work, so that it captures the act of making the image (the scene reflected in the mirror) and, at the same time, looks straight out at us. References Sources A Bar at the Folies-Bergère A Bar at the Folies-Bergère (), painted and exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1882, is considered the last major work of French painter Édouard Manet. It depicts a scene in the Folies Bergère nightclub in Paris. The painting originally belonged to the composer Emmanuel Chabrier, who was a"
"operettas, opéra comique (comic opera), popular songs, and gymnastics. It became the Folies Bergère on 13 September 1872, named after a nearby street, rue Bergère (""bergère"" means ""shepherdess""). In 1882, Édouard Manet painted his well-known painting ""A Bar at the Folies-Bergère"" which depicts a bar-girl, one of the demimondaines, standing before a mirror. In 1886, Édouard Marchand conceived a new genre of entertainment for the Folies Bergère: the music-hall revue. Women would be the heart of Marchand's concept for the Folies. In the early 1890s, the American dancer Loie Fuller starred at the Folies Bergère. In 1902, illness forced Marchand"
"last years Manet painted many small-scale still lifes of fruits and vegetables, such as ""Bunch of Asparagus"" and ""The Lemon"" (both 1880). He completed his last major work, ""A Bar at the Folies-Bergère (Un Bar aux Folies-Bergère)"", in 1882 and it hung in the Salon that year. Afterwards he limited himself to small formats. His last paintings were of flowers in glass vases. In April 1883, his left foot was amputated because of gangrene, due to complications from syphilis and rheumatism. He died eleven days later on 30 April in Paris. He is buried in the Passy Cemetery in the"
"in Paris on 20 August 1785. Jean-Baptiste Pigalle Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (26 January 1714 – 20 August 1785) was a French sculptor. Pigalle was born in Paris, the seventh child of a carpenter. Although he failed to obtain the ""Prix de Rome"", after a severe struggle he entered the ""Académie Royale"" and became one of the most popular sculptors of his day. His earlier work, such as ""Child with Cage"" (model at Sèvres) and ""Mercury Fastening his Sandals"" (Berlin, and lead cast in Louvre), is less commonplace than that of his more mature years, but his nude statue of Voltaire, dated"
"it subsequently. The original owner of Manet’s 1882 painting was Chabrier; it now hangs in the Courtauld Institute of Art in London. ""Bar aux Folies-Bergère"" was first performed on 15 May 1934 by Ballet Rambert at the Ballet Club at the Mercury Theatre, Notting Hill, London. The cast included Alicia Markova as the can-can dancer La Goulue, Frederick Ashton as the waiter Valentin le Désossé, Pearl Argyle as the Barmaid, with Diana Gould, Mary Skeaping, Tamara Svetlova and Mona Kimberley (Can-can dancers), William Chappell and Walter Gore (Adolphe and Gustave, habitues of the Bar), Oliver Reynolds (an old man) and"
"his best-known students may be numbered Paul-Émile Bécat, Roger Bissière, André Fau, Luis Ricardo Falero and Albert Lynch. Gabriel Ferrier Gabriel-Joseph-Marie-Augustin Ferrier (29 September 1847 in Nîmes – 6 June 1914 in Paris) was a French portrait painter and orientalist. His father was a pharmacist. He began his studies at the École des Beaux-Arts, where he worked with Ernest Hébert and Isidore Pils. His first exhibit was at the Salon in 1869. Two years later, he was awarded the Prix de Rome for his depiction of a scene from the Flood and studied at the French Academy in Rome from"
"Gabriel Ferrier Gabriel-Joseph-Marie-Augustin Ferrier (29 September 1847 in Nîmes – 6 June 1914 in Paris) was a French portrait painter and orientalist. His father was a pharmacist. He began his studies at the École des Beaux-Arts, where he worked with Ernest Hébert and Isidore Pils. His first exhibit was at the Salon in 1869. Two years later, he was awarded the Prix de Rome for his depiction of a scene from the Flood and studied at the French Academy in Rome from 1873 to 1876. Upon returning to France, he specialized in painting portraits of notable figures connected with the"
"so intense that he forced Haussmann to become a scapegoat, hoping his resignation would satisfy the bourgeois parties which had become increasingly angered during the economic depression of the late 1860s. Haussmann's plans, with their radical redevelopment, coincided with a time of intense political activity in Paris. Many Parisians were troubled by the destruction of ""old roots"". Historian Robert Herbert says that ""the impressionist movement depicted this loss of connection in such paintings as Manet's ""A Bar at the Folies-Bergère""."" The subject of the painting is talking to a man, seen in the mirror behind her, but seems disengaged. According"
"5 May 1984. He is buried in Paris, in the Montparnasse Cemetery. Gustave Singier Gustave Singier (11 February 1909, Warneton – 5 May 1984, Paris) was a Belgian non-figurative painter active in France as part of the new Paris School of Lyrical Abstraction and the Salon de Mai. He spent his childhood in German occupied Belgium, then moved to France in 1919. From the age of 14, he started to paint. In 1923 he enrolled as a student at the Boulle school, attending until 1926. From 1927, he worked as a draughtsman, designing interior architecture and furniture until 1936. 1936"
"birthplace, in Eymoutiers (30 miles east of Limoges). Paul Rebeyrolle Paul Rebeyrolle (November 3, 1926 in Eymoutiers – February 7, 2005 in Côte-d'Or) was a French painter. As a child he had tuberculosis of the bone, which caused for long periods of immobility. Later he studied in Limoges and joined the French Communist Party. He ultimately broke with the party because of events related to the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. His art is often concerned with landscapes, but is marked by violence and rage. He received praise from François Pinault, Jean-Paul Sartre, Michel Foucault and others. Rebeyrolle has his own"
"Folies Bergère The Folies Bergère () is a cabaret music hall, located in Paris, France. Located at 32 rue Richer in the 9th Arrondissement, the Folies Bergère was built as an opera house by the architect Plumeret. It opened on 2 May 1869 as the Folies Trévise, with light entertainment including operettas, comic opera, popular songs, and gymnastics. It became the Folies Bergère on 13 September 1872, named after nearby rue Bergère. The house was at the height of its fame and popularity from the 1890s' ""Belle Époque"" through the 1920s. Revues featured extravagant costumes, sets and effects, and often"
"did, however, die in Paris. Hippolyte Sebron Hippolyte Victor Valentin Sebron (21 August 1801, Caudebec-en-Caux - 1 September 1879, Paris) was a French landscape, cityscape and portrait painter. He was also a photographer and worked in pastels. He studied at the École des Beaux-arts. At first, he worked as a decorative painter. His first exhibition at the Salon came in 1825. Soon, he gained a reputation as a painter of interior portraits. Later, he became a student of Léon Cogniet. In 1827, while decorating the new Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, he was taken as a student by Louis Daguerre and became"
"shot himself following an argument with his mistress. Guilaumet is buried in Montmartre Cemetery. His tomb bears a sculpture by Louis-Ernest Barrias of a ""Young girl from Bou Saâda"", dropping flowers onto a portrait of Guillaumet embossed on a medallion. Gustave Achille Guillaumet Gustave Achille Guillaumet (26 March 1840 – 14 March 1887) was a French artist. He is best known for his paintings of North Africa. Gustave Guillaumet was born in 1840 in Puteaux (now in the Hauts-de-Seine, Paris). Guillaumet was initially a student of François-Edouard Picot and Félix-Joseph Barrias. In 1857 he joined the École nationale supérieure des"
"effet du matin"" (""Morning Effect. Lake at Mortefontaine"") was much praised at the Salon of 1881. His pictures show the influence of Corot and the other Barbizon masters. The Musée des beaux-arts at Bagnères-de-Bigorre holds one of his works and two drawings are held by the Louvre. Among his chief pictures are: Paul Emmanuel Péraire Paul-Emmanuel Péraire (September 12, 1819, Bordeaux – January 21, 1893, Paris) was a French landscape painter of the Barbizon school. He was born in Bordeaux and originally worked as a stockbroker before studying painting under Eugène Isabey and Évariste Vital Luminais. It was not until"
"and the Child"", is loosely based on the avuncular rapport that ensued. His novels deal with incest, homosexuality, sadism and even bestiality. They also describe his trips to North Africa and Greece. André Gide acted as one of his mentors. He died in a public hospital in Dordogne in 1971. François Augiéras François Augiéras (1925–1971) was an American-born French painter and writer. François Augiéras was born in Rochester, New York, where his father taught the piano at the Eastman School of Music. He moved to Dordogne in France with his mother after his father died while he was still a"
"Jean-Baptiste Pigalle Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (26 January 1714 – 20 August 1785) was a French sculptor. Pigalle was born in Paris, the seventh child of a carpenter. Although he failed to obtain the ""Prix de Rome"", after a severe struggle he entered the ""Académie Royale"" and became one of the most popular sculptors of his day. His earlier work, such as ""Child with Cage"" (model at Sèvres) and ""Mercury Fastening his Sandals"" (Berlin, and lead cast in Louvre), is less commonplace than that of his more mature years, but his nude statue of Voltaire, dated 1776 (initially in the Institut de"
"etc. Many of these ""Borne du Front"" stones are still extant. See image below. Moreau-Vauthier died in 1936 in a car accident at Ruffigny near Niort in Deux-Sèvres, and is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. Paul Moreau-Vauthier Paul Moreau-Vauthier (26 November 1871 – 2 February 1936) was a French sculptor. Moreau-Vauthier first achieved public renown with his statue ""La Parisienne"" shown at the Exposition Universelle (1900) in Paris, and is now perhaps best known for his memorial wall to the ""Victimes des révolutions"" (""Mur des Fédérés"") on Avenue Gambetta, Paris. He also created an allegorical work to commemorate"
"Feral Benga Francois ""Feral"" Benga (1906-1957) was a Senegalese dancer and became a sought after model of the Harlem Renaissance, his portraits and sculptures taken by Carl Van Vechten, Richmond Barthé and George Platt Lynes among others. Francois ""Feral"" Benga was the illegitimate grandchild of one of Dakar's wealthiest property owners. Benga left Dakar in 1925 to move to Paris and his father disinherited him. In 1930 Benga starred in ""The Blood of a Poet"", an avant-garde film directed by Jean Cocteau and financed by Charles de Noailles. In France, Benga was the Folies Bergère star; for a brief period"
"Paul Emmanuel Péraire Paul-Emmanuel Péraire (September 12, 1819, Bordeaux – January 21, 1893, Paris) was a French landscape painter of the Barbizon school. He was born in Bordeaux and originally worked as a stockbroker before studying painting under Eugène Isabey and Évariste Vital Luminais. It was not until he was nearly forty years old that he began to show his works which usually depict landscape or architectural subjects. He exhibited at the Salon from 1866 to 1892. He received a bronze medal at the Salon of 1880 for his painting ""The Seine at Saint-Dennis"" and his work ""L'Etang à Mortefontaine,"
"A recent example is Faceboyz Folliez, a monthly burlesque and variety show at the Bowery Poetry Club in New York City. Folies Bergère The Folies Bergère () is a cabaret music hall, located in Paris, France. Located at 32 rue Richer in the 9th Arrondissement, the Folies Bergère was built as an opera house by the architect Plumeret. It opened on 2 May 1869 as the Folies Trévise, with light entertainment including operettas, comic opera, popular songs, and gymnastics. It became the Folies Bergère on 13 September 1872, named after nearby rue Bergère. The house was at the height of"
"knife in self-defense and her face contorted and screaming. The image can faintly be seen in the pentimento as well. Her references can be provocative as she addresses timely social, political and personal concerns. Gilje create a number of portraits in which her subjects were placed in the context of an historic painting of their choice; these were displayed in her exhibition ""Curators and Connoisseur"" at Francis M. Naumann Fine Art, New York, in 2006. For example, art historian Linda Nochlin chose Édouard Manet’s 1882 ""Bar at the Folies Bergère"" for Gilje’s ""Linda Nochlin at the Bar at the Folies"
"of their attitude to Nature that such a position should be desirable."" Claude Lorrain Claude Lorrain (; born Claude Gellée , called le Lorrain in French; traditionally just Claude in English; c. 1600 – 23 November 1682) was a French painter, draughtsman and etcher of the Baroque era. He spent most of his life in Italy, and is one of the earliest important artists, apart from his contemporaries in Dutch Golden Age painting, to concentrate on landscape painting. His landscapes are usually turned into the more prestigious genre of history paintings by the addition of a few small figures, typically"
"the state of financial insecurity he was in, a sale of paintings was realized in his favor in 1892 by his painter friends but a new attack of paralysis struck him. He died at his home boulevard de Clichy in May 1892. He is buried at Père Lachaise Cemetery (47th division). His tomb is adorned with a bronze bust by Eutrope Bouret. Alexis Bouvier Alexis Bouvier (15 January 1836 –18 May 1892) was a 19th-century French novelist and playwright. Born into a working-class family, Alexis Bouvier began his professional life as a sculptor in bronze until 1863, while taking care"
"Jacques Majorelle, Thérèse Geraldy and Émile Louis Picault. He signed his artwork Henri Royer. Henri Royer Henri Paul Royer (22 January 1869, Nancy – 31 October 1938, Neuilly-sur-Seine, more commonly known as Henri Royer, was a French painter, remembered especially for his genre works from Brittany. After attending the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, in 1890 he continued his studies at the Académie Julian under Jules Joseph Lefebvre and François Flameng. He exhibited regularly at the Paris Salon, specializing in genre paintings and portraits. As a portraitist, he encountered many famous figures from the aristocracy, politics, diplomacy, science and the"
"sitters connected with Orléans, but also in Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lyon. Farther afield he may have been in Turin and Rome, and in Spain, Hamburg, Poland, Russia and England. He died in Amsterdam virtually unknown, according to his biographers. Jean-Baptiste Perronneau Jean-Baptiste Perronneau (c. 1715 – 19 November 1783) was a French painter who specialized in portraits executed in pastels. Perronneau was born in Paris. He began his career as an engraver, apparently studying with Laurent Cars, whose portrait he drew, and working for the entrepreneurial printseller Gabriel Huquier, rue Saint-Jacques, Paris, making his first portraits in oils, and especially in"
"chaotic Paris and painted landscapes of the surrounding areas, Béraud - like his friend Édouard Manet (1832-1883), and in some of their paintings, Edgar Degas (1834-1917), depicted the urban life. Artistic techniques used by Béraud, in particular, when drawing the so-called ""À la salle Graffard"", later became a classic. The upper part of the picture is hidden in a light haze, the musicians and spectators are depicted in the foreground, while performers stand out against a darker background. Jean Béraud Jean Béraud (; January 12, 1848 – October 4, 1935) was a French painter renowned for his numerous paintings depicting"
"days later to take his body back for burial at Montpellier over a week later. Frédéric Bazille Jean Frédéric Bazille (December 6, 1841 – November 28, 1870) was a French Impressionist painter. Many of Bazille's major works are examples of figure painting in which he placed the subject figure within a landscape painted ""en plein air"". Frédéric Bazille was born in Montpellier, Hérault, Languedoc-Roussillon, France, into a wealthy Protestant family. He became interested in painting after seeing some works of Eugène Delacroix. His family agreed to let him study painting, but only if he also studied medicine. Bazille began studying"
"of eight canvases by Perrier. François Perrier (painter) François Perrier (1590–1650) was a French painter, draftsman, and printmaker. Perrier was instrumental in introducing into France the grand style of the decorative painters of the Roman Baroque. He is also remembered for his two collections of prints after antique sculptures, the ""Segmenta nobilium signorum et statuarum quae temporis dentem invidium evasere"" (Paris, 1638), and ""Icones et segmenta...quae Romae adhuc extant"" (Paris, 1645). These prints provided visual repertories of classical models for generations of European artists and connoisseurs. Perrier was born in Pontarlier. During the years 1620–1625, he resided in Rome, where"
"monument to Victorien Sardou which was erected by a public fountain in the Place de la Madeleine. In bronze the sculpture depicted a seated Sardou and behind him were allegories of comedy and drama. In 1941 the Germans had the monument dismantled so that the bronze could be melted down and reused. Albert Bartholomé Paul-Albert Bartholomé was a French painter and sculptor. He was born on 29 August 1848 in Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, France, and died in 1928 in Paris. He won the Grand Prize for sculpture at the Exposition Universelle in 1900. He exhibited paintings at the Salon from 1879"
"Paul Rebeyrolle Paul Rebeyrolle (November 3, 1926 in Eymoutiers – February 7, 2005 in Côte-d'Or) was a French painter. As a child he had tuberculosis of the bone, which caused for long periods of immobility. Later he studied in Limoges and joined the French Communist Party. He ultimately broke with the party because of events related to the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. His art is often concerned with landscapes, but is marked by violence and rage. He received praise from François Pinault, Jean-Paul Sartre, Michel Foucault and others. Rebeyrolle has his own Museum, the ""Espace Paul Rebeyrolle"", located near his"
"Marie-Anne-Julie Forestier Marie-Anne-Julie Forestier (13 June 1782 - after 1843) was a French painter. Born in Paris, she became a pupil of Jacques-Louis David and in June 1806 became engaged to Jean-Dominique Ingres. However, Ingres left for Rome that September and the engagement did not survive until his return to France, since he won the first prize for painting in 1801 and thus had to stay in Rome. She exhibited at the Paris Salons of 1802, 1810, 1812, 1814 and 1819. Her works include a portrait of Philippe Pinel with his family and a copy of Ingres' ""Self-Portrait Aged 24"""
"the légion d'honneur, first painter to the king – he worked on, sad and discouraged; the revolution of 1830 added to his disquiet; and on 11 January 1837, after three days of fever, he died. Gérard is best remembered for his portraits; the color of his paintings has suffered, but his drawings show in uninjured delicacy the purity of his line; and those of women are specially remarkable for a virginal simplicity and frankness of expression. His students included Heinrich Christoph Kolbe. François Gérard François Pascal Simon, Baron Gérard (4 May 1770 – 11 January 1837), was a French painter"
"Édouard Manet Édouard Manet (; ; ; 23 January 1832 – 30 April 1883) was a French modernist painter. He was one of the first 19th-century artists to paint modern life, and a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism. Born into an upper-class household with strong political connections, Manet rejected the future originally envisioned for him, and became engrossed in the world of painting. His early masterworks, ""The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe)"" and ""Olympia"", both 1863, caused great controversy and served as rallying points for the young painters who would create Impressionism. Today,"