"from Agra to Delhi. Originally red and white, the Shah's favourite colours, its design is credited to architect Ustad Ahmad Lahouri, who also constructed the Taj Mahal. The fort lies along the Yamuna River, which fed the moats surrounding most of the walls. Construction began in the sacred month of Muharram, on 13 May 1638. Supervised by Shah Jahan, it was completed on 6 April 1648. Unlike other Mughal forts, the Red Fort's boundary walls are asymmetrical to contain the older Salimgarh Fort. The fortress-palace was a focal point of the medieval city of Shahjahanabad, which is present-day Old Delhi."
"Red Fort. Delhi has been capital of India for more than 1000 years. New Delhi became the capital of India in 1912. The second medieval city of Siri Fort was built during the rule of Ala-ud-Din Khalji of the Delhi Sultanate with the major objective of protecting the city from the onslaught of the Mongols. The city, when built with an oval plan, was best described as presenting an embodiment of richness with palaces and other structures and had seven gates for entry and exit. But, at present, only the Southeastern gate exists, also in ruins (pictured). The destruction of"
"permanently occupied Red fort and Delhi and ruled on north India for next two decades until they were usurped by the British East India Company following the Second Anglo-Maratha War in 1803. During the Second Anglo-Maratha War in 1803, forces of British East India Company defeated Maratha forces in the Battle of Delhi; this ended Maratha rule of the city and their control of the Red Fort. After the battle, the British took over the administration of Mughal territories and installed a Resident at the Red Fort. The last Mughal emperor to occupy the fort, Bahadur Shah II, became a"
"other Mughal emperor, he showed the greatest interest in building new magnificent buildings, holding daily meetings with his architects and supervisors. The court chronicler Lahori, writes that Shah Jahan would make ""appropriate alterations to whatever the skilful architects had designed after considerable thought and would ask the architects competent questions."" Lutfullah Muhandis, two architects are mentioned by name; Ustad Ahmad Lahori and ""Mir Abd-ul Karim"". Ustad Ahmad Lahori had laid the foundations of the Red Fort at Delhi (built between 1638 and 1648). Mir Abd-ul Karim had been the favourite architect of the previous emperor Jahangir and is mentioned as"
"To raise money, the silver ceiling of the Rang Mahal was replaced by copper during this period. Muhammad Shah, known as 'Rangila' (the Colourful) for his interest in art, took over the Red Fort in 1719. In 1739, Persian emperor Nadir Shah easily defeated the Mughal army, plundering the Red Fort including the Peacock Throne. Nadir Shah returned to Persia after three months, leaving a destroyed city and a weakened Mughal empire to Muhammad Shah. The internal weakness of the Mughal empire made the Mughals titular heads of Delhi, and a 1752 treaty made the Marathas protectors of the throne"
"Moti Masjid (Red Fort) The Moti Masjid is a white marble mosque inside the Red Fort complex in Delhi, India. The name translates into English as ""Pearl Mosque."" Located to the west of the ""Hammam"" and close to the Diwan-e-Khas, it was built by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb from 1659-1660. The mosque was built by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb at the Red Fort complex in Delhi, India, from 1659-1660 for his 2nd wife Nawab Bai. The mosque was also used by the ladies of the Zenana. The mosque was constructed at a cost of Rs. 160,000. The prayer hall has"
"and gardens in Delhi, Rajasthan, Punjab, Kashmir, Braj, Rohilkhand and elsewhere. The fort was plundered of its artwork and jewels during Nadir Shah's invasion of the Mughal Empire in 1747. Most of the fort's precious marble structures were subsequently destroyed by the British following the Revolt of 1857. The forts's defensive walls were largely spared, and the fortress was subsequently used as a garrison. The Red Fort was also the site where the British put the last Mughal Emperor on trial before exiling him to Yangon in 1858. Every year on the Independence day of India (15 August), the Prime"
"several Mughal rulers including Emperor Shahjahan who is credited with completing Shahjahanabad in 1639 AD had camped at this fort. It is said that Humayun had camped at this fort for three days before launching his successful attack for recapturing Delhi. Aurangzeb, the Mughal Emperor, converted the fort into a prison, which practice was perpetuated by the British who took control of the fort in 1857. The Fort is part of the Red Fort Complex. The complex was declared as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2007, which obligates Archaeological Survey of India (ASl) to ensure well planned conservation measures"
"Agra Fort Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city of Agra in India. It was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty until 1638, when the capital was shifted from Agra to Delhi. The Agra fort is a UNESCO World Heritage site. It is about 2.5 km northwest of its more famous sister monument, the Taj Mahal. The fort can be more accurately described as a walled city. After the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, Babur stayed in the fort, in the palace of Ibrahim Lodi. He later built a baoli (step well) in"
"side was constructed only in 1854–55 by Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mogul ruler of India. The gate was built in brick masonry with moderate use of red sandstone. The fort was used during the Uprising in 1857 and also as prison, which housed Zebunnisa, daughter of Aurangzeb; the British imprisoned the freedom fighters of Indian National Army. The layout of the Red Fort was organized to retain and integrate this site with the Salimgarh Fort through the Bahadur Shah Gate. Delhi became the capital of British India after the seat of power was shifted from Calcutta in 1911. With"
"Red Fort, Muzaffarabad Red Fort - also known as the ""Muzaffarabad Fort"" was built by the Chak rulers of Kashmir in the 16th century. The current locality is called Center Plate. Locally, it is known as the ""Rutta Qila"" or just ""qila"". Chak rulers of Kashmir anticipated threat to the city from the Mughals. Construction was initiated in 1559 at a strategic location. The Mughal Empire annexed Kashmir in 1587, and the fort lost its importance. Finally, the construction of the fort was completed in 1646 in the reign of Sultan Muzaffar Khan of the Bomba Dynasty — the founder"
"Red Fort Archaeological Museum The Red Fort Archaeological Museum is currently located in the ""Mumtaz Mahal"" of the Red Fort in Delhi, northern India. The museum contains paintings, artifacts, calligraphy, fabrics and other objects dating from the Mughal era. Originally known as the ""Palace Museum"", this museum dates back to 1911 when it was located in the ""Naubhat Khana"". It was later moved to the ""Mumtaz Mahal"", originally used as a mess by the British occupiers. The museum is now under the aegis of the Archaeological Survey of India. Most of the Mughal belongings and jewels of the Red Fort"
"them were originally from Greater Khorasan, an area dominated by Persian language and culture. The Mughal dynasty also came from Greater Khorasan, which is why the book describes Mughal architecture as the Khorasanid or Persian style of architecture. Mughal tombs, made from sandstone and marble, emphasise the Persian influence. Among the architectural achievements of this era are the Red Fort at Agra (1565–74) and the walled city of Fatehpur Sikri (1569–74), as well as the Taj Mahal, which was built as a tomb for Queen Mumtaz Mahal by Shah Jahan (1628–58). With its double dome, its recessed archway, its white"
"Princes' quarter (Red Fort) The Princes' quarter is an area located in the Red Fort of Delhi, India. The quarter of the imperial princes dates back to the late Mughal Empire period. The one structure that has survived has been altered throughout course of time, therefore losing its original appearance. The structure was the first palace built in north Delhi that was constructed for the princes, and served as a home to many members of the Mughal royal family. After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, occupying British forces converted the palace into a meeting and amusement hall and named it"
"was built in 1656. Old Delhi was founded by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan (1628–1658) who built what is commonly known as the old city or walled city, surrounded by a wall, with the main street Chandni Chowk in front of the Red Fort, the imperial residence. Shah Jahan invited several Agrawal Jain merchants to come and settle in the city and granted them some land south of the Chandani Chauk around Dariba Gali. According to Jain scholar Balbhadra Jain's compendium of Digambar Jain shrines in India, the temple was constructed during the reign of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. Balbhadra"
"Chandni Chowk The Chandni Chowk (Moonlight Square) is one of the oldest and busiest markets in Old Delhi, India. Chandni Chowk is located close to Old Delhi Railway Station. The Red Fort monument is located within the market. It was built in the 17th century by Mughal Emperor of India Shah Jahan and designed by his daughter Jahanara. The market was once divided by canals (now closed) to reflect moonlight and remains one of India's largest wholesale markets. The market's history dates to the founding of the capital city of Shahjahanabad when Emperor Shah Jahan established the Red Fort on"
"major cities such as Ghazni, Kabul and Peshawar before advancing onto the Punjab and capturing Lahore. Nader advanced to the river Indus before the end of year as the Mughals mustered their army against him. At the Battle of Karnal on 24 February 1739, Nader led his army to victory over the Mughals. Muhammad Shah surrendered and both entered Delhi together. The keys to the capital of Delhi were surrendered to Nader. He entered the city on 20 March 1739 and occupied Shah Jehan’s imperial suite in the Red Fort. Coins were struck, and prayers said, in his name in"
"Throne of Jahangir The Throne of Jahangir (Urdu: ""Takht-i-Jahangir"") was built by Mughal emperor Jahangir (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627) in 1602 and is located at the ""Diwan-i-Khas"" (hall of private audience) at the Red Fort in Agra. The throne was built in 1605 in Allahabad and kept at the Allahabad Fort. Even after Jahangir became king when his father, emperor Akbar died in 1605, the throne remained there. It was only in 1610, that it was brought from Allahabad to Agra by Jahangir. When the Army of the British East India Company first attacked the Agra Fort"
"Salimgarh Fort Salimgarh Fort (, ،literally ""Salim’s Fort"") was built in 1546 AD, in Delhi, in a former island of the Yamuna River, by Salim Shah Suri, son of Sher Shah Suri. There was a pause in Mughal rule when in 1540 AD Sher Shah Suri defeated the Mughal Emperor Humayun (and ousted him from Delhi) and established the Sur dynasty rule in Delhi. Sur dynasty rule lasted till 1555 AD when Humayun regained his kingdom by defeating Sikander Suri, the last ruler of the dynasty. During the Mughal period, in later years, while building the Red Fort and Shahjahanbad,"
"used was a depiction of the emperor's justice. The projecting tower to the east of the Khas Mahal is called the Octagonal Tower (""Muthamman Burj""). The emperor would address his subjects every morning in a ceremony called ""Jharokha Darshan"". Khas Mahal (Red Fort) The Khas Mahal served as the Mughal emperor's private residence in Delhi. The structure is located inside the Red Fort, which is a large fort complex located inside the city. It consists of three parts: the Chamber of Telling Beads (""Viz-tasbih-khana""), the sleeping chamber, (""khwabgah"") and the wardrobe (""tosha-khana"") or sitting room (""baithak""). The interior is decorated"
"massive walls and a deep moat to keep away raiders. Deeg was a site of a legendary battle between the Jats and a combined Mughal and Maratha army of 8,000 men. Emboldened by his victory, Suraj Mal began making forays into enemy territory. After eight years of success in his forays, Suraj Mal captured Delhi and plundered the Red Fort carrying away masses of valuables including an entire marble building, which was dismantled and numbered. The palace was then reconstructed at Deeg. The Jat rulers were influenced by the magnificence of the Mughal courts of Agra and Delhi. The design"
"late 1778, The Sikhs revolted and defeated the Mughal faujdar of Sirhind, Maulah Ahmad Dad, killing him and driving back Mughal forces. The Sikhs then raided further east all the way up to Delhi whose suburbs were sacked. The red fort was captured by the silk soldiers. The Sikhs hoisted their Sikh flag, the nishan sahib over red fort. Baghel Singh established an octroi post in Chandni Chowk outside the Red Fort in Mughal capital Delhi in March 1783. Baghel Singh Dhaliwal died around 1802 at Hariana. Baba Baghel Singh was cremated (Samadh) in Kalar Khalsa Senior Secondary School in"
"physical evidence at Lal Kot (literally Red Fort, not to be confused with the present day Red Fort), which he is thought to have built and which is the oldest identifiable city in the area, suggests that he lived in the eleventh century but others state that it was the 8th century. Anangpal Tomar Anangpal Tomar was a king of the Tomara dynasty, who ruled over areas of Delhi in India. Sources variously say this was in the 8th century CE or the 11th century. Little is known of Anangpal, who whose ancestors had settled in the Aravalli Hills around"
"of Delhi and Mughal emperors in succession. The first capital was Duparia, now in Shajapur District. Later on it was shifted to Dungarpur (19 km from Rajgarh) and then to Ratanpur (19 km west of Narsinghgarh) and back. In order to avoid disturbance by the frequently passing Mughal armies, the Ruler of the Estate, Mohan Singh, acquired the present side, originally known as Jhanjhanipur from the Bhils in A.D. 1640. Finally he shifted the headquarters in the year 1645, giving the place its present name. During the reign of Akbar (1556–1605) a Khilat and a Sanad were granted to Udaji"
"part of the collection. Portraits of the last Mughal rulers and contemporary personalities like court poet Mirza Ghalib, maps and lithographs depicting scenes of Delhi and Bahadur Shah's letter to Queen Victoria with the thumb impression of his son Mirza Jawan Bakht are some of the other pieces on display. Red Fort Archaeological Museum The Red Fort Archaeological Museum is currently located in the ""Mumtaz Mahal"" of the Red Fort in Delhi, northern India. The museum contains paintings, artifacts, calligraphy, fabrics and other objects dating from the Mughal era. Originally known as the ""Palace Museum"", this museum dates back to"
"Muthamman Burj (Red Fort) The Muthamman Burj, also written ""Musamman Burj"", is a tower of the Red Fort located in Delhi. The structure adjoins the eastern wall of the ""Khwabgah"" of the ""Khas Mahal"". It is a semi-octagonal tower where the Mughal emperor would appear every morning before his subjects. This ceremony was known as the ""Jharokha Darshan"". A balcony, the ""Khwabgah Jharoka"" (Place of Dreams Balcony), projecting from the central side of the tower was constructed in 1808-09 CE by Akbar II. This is described in an inscription over its arches. The dome above was perhaps originally covered in"
"of the Vijayanagar Emperor, Achyutharaya (Dasarahalli record dated 1532) he built Bangalore Fort and the town in AD 1537, and moved his capital from Yelahanka to the new Bengaluru Pete. Kempe Gowda built a red fort with eight gates and a moat surrounding it. Inside the fort two wide roads ran from North to South and East to West. The other roads were made parallel or perpendicular to them. On a supposedly auspicious moment fixed by an astrologer, Kempe Gowda harnessed the bullocks to the ploughs at the central Doddapete square, at the junction of Doddapete (Avenue Road) and Chikka"
"of them built by Shivaji, founder of the Maratha state. A large majority of forts in India are in North India. The most notable forts are the Red Fort at Delhi, the Red Fort at Agra, the Chittor Fort and Mehrangarh Fort in Rajasthan, the Ranthambhor Fort in Rajasthan and Gwalior Fort in Madhya Pradesh. Large tempered earth (i.e. rammed earth) walls were built in ancient China since the Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1050 BC); the capital at ancient Ao had enormous walls built in this fashion (see siege for more info). Although stone walls were built in China during the"
"it. Sultan Sikandar Lodī (1488–1517) was the first to move his capital from Delhi to Agra in 1506. He governed the country from here and Agra assumed the importance of the second capital. He died in 1517 and his son, Ibrāhīm Lodī, remained in power there for nine more years and several palaces, wells and a mosque were built by him in the fort during his period, finally being defeated at the Battle of Panipat in 1526. Between 1540 and 1556, Afghans, beginning with Sher Shah Suri ruled the area. It was the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1556"
"ablaze and stopped food supplies from entering Delhi, while Najib-ul-Daula positioned his heavy artillery outside the vicinity of the Red Fort. Unable to gain any assistance form Ahmad Shah Durrani, who was engaged in quelling various rebellions near Herat; Najib-ul-Daula surrendered after resisting the combined brigands of Maratha Confederacy for more than five months, he conceded defeat and withdrew to Najibabad. When the Marathas entered Delhi the emperor Alamgir II and his royal family had somehow fled to Bharatpur State. The Marathas looted and plundered the city and the people of Delhi. Mosques and Shrines built by the Mughals were"
"1911 during the Delhi Durbar. Muthamman Burj (Red Fort) The Muthamman Burj, also written ""Musamman Burj"", is a tower of the Red Fort located in Delhi. The structure adjoins the eastern wall of the ""Khwabgah"" of the ""Khas Mahal"". It is a semi-octagonal tower where the Mughal emperor would appear every morning before his subjects. This ceremony was known as the ""Jharokha Darshan"". A balcony, the ""Khwabgah Jharoka"" (Place of Dreams Balcony), projecting from the central side of the tower was constructed in 1808-09 CE by Akbar II. This is described in an inscription over its arches. The dome above"
"by red stone in 1657. In the Mughal period, the gates were kept locked at night. The walls have now largely disappeared, but most of the gates are still present. The township of old Delhi is still identifiable in a satellite image because of the density of houses. The famous Khooni Darwaza, south of Delhi Gate and just outside the walled city, was originally constructed by Sher Shah Suri. The main street, now termed Chandni Chowk, runs from the Red Fort to Fatehpuri Masjid. Originally a canal ran through the middle of the street. North of the street, there is"
"been explored by earlier Mughal emperors, and this was the culmination of all those previous works into a national landmark. The 171 meter white tomb rises above a reflecting pool it is dream in marble just a time architect of Islamic culture The Red Fort is also a brilliant example of Mughal Architecture. It was built during the zenith of the Mughal Empire under Shah Jahan. It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2007. As one of the largest forts in India, it served as the official residence of the emperor for nearly 200 years. Indo-Islamic architecture Indo-Islamic"