"chemical element darmstadtium (atomic number: 110), named after the city in 2003. This makes Darmstadt one of only eight settlements with elements named after them (the others being Ytterby in Sweden (four elements); Stockholm in Sweden (holmium); Strontian in Scotland; Copenhagen in Denmark (whose Latin name gives hafnium); Paris (whose Latin name gives lutetium); Berkeley, California; and Dubna in Russia). Various other elements, including meitnerium (atomic number: 109) (1982), hassium (atomic number: 108) (1984), roentgenium (atomic number: 111) (1994) and copernicium (atomic number: 112) (1996) were also synthesized in the Darmstadt facility. The European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) of the"
"timescale, a stage or age in the Eocene Epoch. The asteroid 21 Lutetia, discovered in 1852 by Hermann Goldschmidt, is named after the city. Lutetia is featured in the French comic series ""The Adventures of Asterix"". Lutetia The Roman city of Lutetia (also ""Lutetia Parisiorum"" in Latin, in French ""Lutèce"") was the predecessor of present-day Paris. Impressive monumental remains of the ancient city can still be seen ""in situ"". The city was referred to as ""Λουκοτοκία"" (Lukotokía) by Strabo, ""Λευκοτεκία"" (Lefkotekía) by Ptolemy and ""Lutetia"" by Julius Caesar. The origin of this name is uncertain. The name may contain the"
"Lutetian Limestone Lutetian Limestone (in French, ""calcaire lutécien"", and formerly ""calcaire grossier"") — also known as “Paris stone” — is a variety of limestone particular to the Paris, France, area. It has been a source of wealth as an economic and versatile building material since ancient Roman times (see Mines of Paris) and has contributed markedly to the unique visual appeal of the “City of Light”. (It has been hailed as “the warm, elusive, cream-grey stone of the French capital”.) Its formation dates to the Eocene epoch's Lutetian age (between ). The name ""Lutetian"" derives from Lutetia (French, ""Lutèce"") which"
"Lutetium Lutetium is a chemical element with symbol Lu and atomic number 71. It is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry air, but not in moist air. Lutetium is the last element in the lanthanide series, and it is traditionally counted among the rare earths. Lutetium is sometimes considered the first element of the 6th-period transition metals, although lanthanum is more often considered as such. Lutetium was independently discovered in 1907 by French scientist Georges Urbain, Austrian mineralogist Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach, and American chemist Charles James. All of these researchers found lutetium as an impurity"
"Curie campus. Remains of private houses dating from the reign of Augustus (27 BC-14 AD) and containing heated floors were found. Everyday items like flowerpots, bronze chains, ceramics, and drawer handles were found. The owners were wealthy enough to own baths found in one of the homes, a status symbol among Roman citizens. Several scientific discoveries have been named after Lutetia. The element lutetium was named in honor of its discovery in a Paris laboratory, and the characteristic building material of the city of Paris — Lutetian Limestone — derives from the ancient name. The ""Lutetian"" is, in the geologic"
"Lutetia The Roman city of Lutetia (also ""Lutetia Parisiorum"" in Latin, in French ""Lutèce"") was the predecessor of present-day Paris. Impressive monumental remains of the ancient city can still be seen ""in situ"". The city was referred to as ""Λουκοτοκία"" (Lukotokía) by Strabo, ""Λευκοτεκία"" (Lefkotekía) by Ptolemy and ""Lutetia"" by Julius Caesar. The origin of this name is uncertain. The name may contain the Celtic root ""*luco-t-"", which means ""mouse"" and ""-ek(t)ia"", meaning ""the mice"" and which can be found today in the Breton word ""logod"", the Welsh ""llygod"", and the Irish ""luch"". Alternatively, it may derive from another Celtic"
"city, the asteroid's craters are named after cities of the Roman Empire and the adjacent parts of Europe during the time of Lutetia's existence. Its regions are named after the discoverer of Lutetia (Goldschmidt) and after provinces of the Roman Empire at the time of Lutetia. Other features are named after rivers of the Roman Empire and the adjacent parts of Europe at the time of the city. The composition of Lutetia suggests that it formed in the inner Solar System, among the terrestrial planets, and was ejected into the asteroid belt through an interaction with one of them. 21"
"salts, he named it from the Ancient Greek ""λανθάνειν"" [lanthanein] (lit. ""to lie hidden""). Relatively pure lanthanum metal was first isolated in 1923. Lutetium was independently discovered in 1907 by French scientist Georges Urbain, Austrian mineralogist Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach, and American chemist Charles James as an impurity in the mineral ytterbia, which was thought by most chemists to consist entirely of ytterbium. Welsbach proposed the names ""cassiopeium"" for element 71 (after the constellation Cassiopeia) and ""aldebaranium"" (after the star Aldebaran) for the new name of ytterbium but these naming proposals were rejected, although many German scientists in the"
"21 Lutetia Lutetia (minor planet designation: 21 Lutetia) is a large asteroid in the asteroid belt of an unusual spectral type. It measures about 100 kilometers in diameter (120 km along its major axis). It was discovered in 1852 by Hermann Goldschmidt, and is named after Lutetia, the Latin name of Paris. Lutetia has an irregular shape and is heavily cratered, with the largest impact crater reaching 45 km in diameter. The surface is geologically heterogeneous and is intersected by a system of grooves and scarps, which are thought to be fractures. It has a high average density, meaning that"
"Lutetian The Lutetian is, in the geologic timescale, a stage or age in the Eocene. It spans the time between . The Lutetian is preceded by the Ypresian and is followed by the Bartonian. Together with the Bartonian it is sometimes referred to as the Middle Eocene subepoch. The Lutetian was named after Lutetia, the Latin name for the city of Paris. The Lutetian stage was introduced in scientific literature by French geologist Albert de Lapparent in 1883 and revised by A. Blondeau in 1981. The base of the Lutetian stage is at the first appearance of the nanofossil ""Blackites"
"in the mineral ytterbia, which was previously thought to consist entirely of ytterbium. The dispute on the priority of the discovery occurred shortly after, with Urbain and Welsbach accusing each other of publishing results influenced by the published research of the other; the naming honor went to Urbain, as he had published his results earlier. He chose the name lutecium for the new element, but in 1949 the spelling of element 71 was changed to lutetium. In 1909, the priority was finally granted to Urbain and his names were adopted as official ones; however, the name ""cassiopeium"" (or later ""cassiopium"")"
"1950s called the element 71 cassiopeium. Urbain chose the names ""neoytterbium"" (Latin for ""new ytterbium"") for ytterbium and ""lutecium"" (from Latin Lutetia, for Paris) for the new element. The dispute on the priority of the discovery is documented in two articles in which Urbain and von Welsbach accuse each other of publishing results influenced by the published research of the other. The Commission on Atomic Mass, which was responsible for the attribution of the names for the new elements, settled the dispute in 1909 by granting priority to Urbain and adopting his names as official ones. An obvious problem with"
"and four of them are named (yttrium, ytterbium, erbium, terbium) after the city and a fifth *(holmium) after Stockholm; scandium is named after Scandinavia, thulium after the old name Thule, and the immediately-following group 4 element (number 72) hafnium is named for the Latin name of the city of Copenhagen. Samarskite (a mineral which is the source of the name of the element samarium) and other similar minerals in particular also have these elements in association with the nearby metals tantalum, niobium, hafnium, zirconium, vanadium, and titanium, from group 4 and group 5 often in similar oxidation states. Monazite is"
"Latium Latium (; ) is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire. Latium was originally a small triangle of fertile, volcanic soil on which resided the tribe of the Latins or Latians. It was located on the left bank (east and south) of the River Tiber, extending northward to the River Anio (a left-bank tributary of the Tiber) and southeastward to the Pomptina Palus (Pontine Marshes, now the Pontine Fields) as far south as the Circeian promontory. The right bank of the"
"root, ""luto-"" or ""luteuo-"", which means ""marsh"" or ""swamp"" and which survives today in the Gaelic ""loth"" (""marsh"") and the Breton ""loudour"" (""dirty""). As such, it would be related to other place names in Europe including ""Lutudarum"" (Derbyshire, England); Lodève (""Luteua"") and Ludesse (France); ""Lutitia"" (Germany); Lutsk (Ukraine); Pryluky (Ukraine) and Velikiye Luki (Russia). Archaeological excavations between 1994 and 2005 show that the location of Gallic Lutetia lay in Nanterre, a large area of proto-urbanisation of several main streets and hundreds of houses over 15 hectares in the suburbs of Paris, not far from the future location of Lutetia. In"
"Laurentum Laurentum was an ancient Roman city of Latium situated between Ostia and Lavinium, on the west coast of the Italian Peninsula southwest of Rome. Roman writers regarded it as the original capital of Italy, before Lavinium assumed that role after the death of King Latinus. In historical times, Laurentum was united with Lavinium, and the name Lauro-Lavinium is sometimes used to refer to both. According to Livy, in the 8th century BC at the time when Romulus and Titus Tatius jointly ruled Rome, the ambassadors of the Laurentes came to Rome but were beaten by Tatius' relatives. The Laurentes"
"the reign of Pope Pius IX, and France's defeat at Sedan, completed Italian unification, and Latium was incorporated into the Kingdom of Italy. Latium, often referred to by the Italian name ""Lazio"", is a government region, i.e. one of the first-level administrative divisions of the state. There are twenty regions in Italy. Originally meant as administrative districts of the central state, the regions acquired a significant level of autonomy following a constitutional reform in 2001. The modern region of Latium contains the national capital Rome. <br> Latium Latium (; ) is the region of central western Italy in which the"
"reappraisal of Welsbach's work on element 71, so that the element was renamed to ""cassiopeium"" in German-speaking countries for some time. Charles James, who stayed out of the priority argument, worked on a much larger scale and possessed the largest supply of lutetium at the time. Pure lutetium metal was first produced in 1953. Found with almost all other rare-earth metals but never by itself, lutetium is very difficult to separate from other elements. Its principal commercial source is as a by-product from the processing of the rare earth phosphate mineral monazite (Ce,La...)PO, which has concentrations of only 0.0001% of"
"chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac separated from the rare earth ""erbia"" another independent component, which he called ""ytterbia"", for Ytterby, the village in Sweden near where he found the new component of erbium. He suspected that ytterbia was a compound of a new element that he called ""ytterbium"" (in total, four elements were named after the village, the others being yttrium, terbium and erbium). In 1907, the new earth ""lutecia"" was separated from ytterbia, from which the element ""lutecium"" (now lutetium) was extracted by Georges Urbain, Carl Auer von Welsbach, and Charles James. After some discussion, Marignac's name ""ytterbium"""
"the silica-based sea life abundant then. As sea creatures died and settled to the lagoon bottom, their shells mixed with the deposits already present; pressure from additional sea-life sedimentation and the chemical action of the water transformed the result into a sedimentary stone quite particular to the Paris area, ""calcaire grossier"" (""calcaire lutécien"" in more modern publications). Paris' most important deposits of this stone occurred during the Eocene epoch's Lutetian age; in fact, the age itself is named for the sedimentary activity in the Paris region, as Lutetia was the city's name during Roman times. Paris' next important mineral deposit"
"Ruthenium Ruthenium is a chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most other chemicals. Russian-born scientist of Baltic-German ancestry Karl Ernst Claus discovered the element in 1844 at Kazan State University and named it after the Latin name of his homeland, ""Ruthenia"". Ruthenium is usually found as a minor component of platinum ores; the annual production has risen from about 19 tonnes in 2009 to some 35.5 tonnes in 2017. Most"
"its strontium ruthenate form), and high-temperature ferromagnetism. Ruthenium Ruthenium is a chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most other chemicals. Russian-born scientist of Baltic-German ancestry Karl Ernst Claus discovered the element in 1844 at Kazan State University and named it after the Latin name of his homeland, ""Ruthenia"". Ruthenium is usually found as a minor component of platinum ores; the annual production has risen from about 19 tonnes in 2009"
"Lutetium(III) oxide Lutetium(III) oxide, a white solid, is a cubic compound of lutetium sometimes used in the preparation of specialty glasses. It is also called lutecia. It is a lanthanide oxide, also known as a rare earth. In 1879, Jean-Charles-Galissard de Margnac (1817–1894), a French chemist, claimed to have discovered ytterbium, but he had found a mixture of elements. In 1907, a French chemist Georges Urbain (1872–1938) reported that ytterbium was a mixture of two new elements and not a single element. Two more chemists came to the same conclusion. They were from Germany, Karl Auer (1858–1929) and America, Charles"
"Lyon, France), capital of the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis. Other such place-names include Lugdunum Clavatum (modern Laon, France) and Luguvalium (modern Carlisle, England). It is also possible that Lucus Augusti (modern Lugo in Galicia, Spain) is derived from the theonym Lugus, but Lucus in that place may in fact be purely Latin (""lucus"" = 'sacred grove/forest'). Other places which are likely named after him include: Ethnonyms which may derive from Lugus include the Luggones of Asturias, and the ""Lougei"", known from inscriptions in Lugo and El Bierzo. Julius Caesar in his ""De Bello Gallico"" identified six gods worshipped in"
"of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). According to IUPAC recommendations, the discoverer(s) of a new element has the right to suggest a name. A suggested name was ""langevinium"", after Paul Langevin. Later, the Dubna team mentioned the name ""moscovium"" several times as one among many possibilities, referring to the Moscow Oblast where Dubna is located. In June 2016, IUPAC endorsed the latter proposal to be formally accepted by the end of the year, which it was on 28 November 2016. The naming made Russia one of two countries with an element named after both itself and its capital. The naming"
"They are also called ""Nanterroises"" (feminine) and ""Nanterrois"" (masculine). The sacred shrine of antiquity that is referred to etymologically had been placed by tradition in Mont-Valérien. However, archeological discoveries made between 1994 and 2005 found a Gallic necropolis which has been dated to the third century BC, and also call into debate both the exact location of the pre-Roman capital of the Parisii and the initial site of Lutetia, the Roman era Paris. The large necropolis, as well as working people's homes from some time later in the ancient era, is near the bank of the Seine, in the northwest"
"Hesperium Hesperium (also known as esperium; atomic symbol Es) was the name assigned to the element with atomic number 94, now known as plutonium. It was named in Italian ""Esperio"" after a Greek name of Italy, Hesperia, ""the land of the West"". The same team assigned the name ausonium to element 93, after Ausonia, a poetic name of Italy. By comparison, uranium, the heaviest of the primordial elements, has atomic number 92. The discovery of the element, now discredited, was claimed by Enrico Fermi and a team of scientists at the University of Rome in 1934. Following the discovery of"
"lawrencium and the symbol ""Lr"" during a meeting in Geneva. Lawrencium is the final member of the actinide series and is sometimes considered to be a group 3 element, along with scandium, yttrium, and lutetium, as its filled f-shell is expected to make it resemble the 7th-period transition metals. In the periodic table, it is located to the right of the actinide nobelium, to the left of the 6d transition metal rutherfordium, and under the lanthanide lutetium with which it shares many physical and chemical properties. Lawrencium is expected to be a solid under normal conditions and assume a hexagonal"
"of Notre-Dame de Paris, site of ancient Lutetia, the ""civitas"" capital of the Celtic Parisii. The distinctive stone pillar is an important monument of Gallo-Roman religion. Its low reliefs depict and label by name several Roman deities such as Jupiter, Vulcan, and Castor and Pollux, along with Gallic deities such as Esus, Smertrios, and Tarvos Trigaranus. The name ""Cernunnos"" can be read clearly on 18th century drawings of the inscriptions, but the initial letter has been obscured since, so that today only a reading ""[_]ernunnos"" can be verified Additional evidence is given by one inscription on a metal plaque from"
"Lucentum Lucentum (, ""Loúkenton""), called Lucentia by Pomponius Mela, is the name of the Roman predecessor of the city of Alicante, Spain. Particularly, it refers to the archaeological site in which the remains of this ancient settlement lie, at a place known as ""El Tossal de Manises"", in the neighborhood of Albufereta. Diodorus ascribes Lucentum's foundation to the Carthaginian leader Hamilcar Barcas. As a Mediterranean and Iberian commercial center, it had trading contacts with Greece, Phoenicia, and the southern Iberian city of Tartessos, absorbing some of their influences. This unique mixture gave rise to a culture called Contestani by Pliny"
"Lutetia. The town was Christianised in the 3rd century AD, and after the collapse of the Roman Empire, it was occupied by Clovis I, the King of the Franks, who made it his capital in 508. During the Middle Ages, Paris was the largest city in Europe, an important religious and commercial centre, and the birthplace of the Gothic style of architecture. The University of Paris on the Left Bank, organised in the mid-13th century, was one of the first in Europe. It suffered from the Bubonic Plague in the 14th century and the Hundred Years War in the 15th"
"was erected by a corporation of local river merchants and sailors (nautes) and dedicated to Tiberius and to several gods, showing that there was an important port on the river. Major public works and monuments were constructed in the 2nd century AD. Lutetia expanded with a population estimated at around 8,000 but did not have a great deal of political importance - the capital of its province, ""Lugdunensis Senona"", was ""Agedincum"" (modern Sens, Yonne). An aqueduct 26 km in length, with a flow rate estimated at 2000 cubic metres a day, provided the city with spring water collected from several"
"the Roman town ""Lutetia"" dates back from the 1st century BC, which was built after the conquest of the Gaulish site, situated on the île de la Cité by the Romans. The Ministry of Higher Education and Research has its head office in the arrondissement. Previously the Bureau d'Enquêtes sur les Événements de Mer (BEAmer) had its head office in the 5th arrondissement. (ソニーコンピュータサイエンス研究所) Paris is in the arrondissement. As part of the Latin Quarter, the 5th arrondissement is known for its high concentration of educational and research establishments. 5th arrondissement of Paris The 5th arrondissement of Paris (""V arrondissement"")"