"epidemiological studies that leprosy was a specific disease with a specific cause. In 1870–71 Hansen travelled to Bonn and Vienna to gain the training necessary for him to prove his hypothesis. In 1873, he announced the discovery of ""Mycobacterium leprae"" in the tissues of all sufferers, although he did not identify them as bacteria, and received little support. The discovery was made with a ""new and better"" microscope. In 1879 Hansen gave tissue samples to Albert Neisser, who then successfully stained the bacteria and announced his findings in 1880, claiming to have discovered the disease-causing organism. There was some dispute"
"lives of many of the patients who suffer from Hansen's Disease. Damien House Damien House is a non-profit organization that provides support for over 100 Hansen’s Disease patients, especially those at a hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Hansen's disease is a bacterial disease also known as leprosy, and is very similar to tuberculosis. The hospital in Guayaquil treats a roster of around 700 outpatients. Quality medical care is provided seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day. With the help of donations to the US-based Damien House organization, the staff is also able to provide patients with dental care, physical therapy,"
"Leprosy Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacterium ""Mycobacterium leprae"" or ""Mycobacterium lepromatosis"". Initially, infections are without symptoms and typically remain this way for 5 to 20 years. Symptoms that develop include granulomas of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, which can lead to the loss of parts of extremities due to repeated injuries or infection due to unnoticed wounds. Weakness and poor eyesight may also be present. Leprosy is spread between people and possibly from armadillos. This is thought to"
"16 million people worldwide have been cured of leprosy. About 200 cases are reported per year in the United States. Leprosy has affected humanity for thousands of years. The disease takes its name from the Greek word (""léprā""), from (""lepís""; ""scale""), while the term ""Hansen's disease"" is named after the Norwegian physician Gerhard Armauer Hansen. Separating people by placing them in leper colonies still occurs in places such as India, China, and Africa. However, most colonies have closed, since leprosy is not very contagious. Social stigma has been associated with leprosy for much of history, which continues to be a"
"Damien House Damien House is a non-profit organization that provides support for over 100 Hansen’s Disease patients, especially those at a hospital in Guayaquil, Ecuador. Hansen's disease is a bacterial disease also known as leprosy, and is very similar to tuberculosis. The hospital in Guayaquil treats a roster of around 700 outpatients. Quality medical care is provided seven days a week, twenty-four hours a day. With the help of donations to the US-based Damien House organization, the staff is also able to provide patients with dental care, physical therapy, sanitary services, medication, and three well-balanced hot meals every day. Additionally,"
"""M. leprae"" multiplied in macrophages at the site of inoculation and lymph nodes. Leprosy Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacterium ""Mycobacterium leprae"" or ""Mycobacterium lepromatosis"". Initially, infections are without symptoms and typically remain this way for 5 to 20 years. Symptoms that develop include granulomas of the nerves, respiratory tract, skin, and eyes. This may result in a lack of ability to feel pain, which can lead to the loss of parts of extremities due to repeated injuries or infection due to unnoticed wounds. Weakness and poor eyesight may also be present."
"completely eradicated, with no new outbreaks. The WHO stopped providing vaccinations and by 1986, vaccination was no longer necessary to anyone in the world except in the event of future outbreak. Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s Disease, is caused by a bacillus, ""Mycobacterium leprae"". It is a chronic disease with an incubation period of up to five years. Symptoms often include irritation or erosion of the skin, and effects on the peripheral nerves, mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and eyes. The most common sign of leprosy are pale reddish spots on the skin that lack sensation. Leprosy probably originated"
"Mozambique, Tanzania and Nepal as having 90% of Hansen's disease cases. According to recent figures from the WHO, new cases detected worldwide have decreased by approximately 107,000 cases (or 21%) from 2003 to 2004. This decreasing trend has been consistent for the past three years. In addition, the global registered prevalence of HD was 286,063 cases; 407,791 new cases were detected during 2004. In the United States, Hansen's disease is tracked by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), with a total of 92 cases being reported in 2002. Although the number of cases worldwide continues to fall, pockets"
"of a campaign called HDdennomore, pronounced “Hidden no more” (HD is an acronym for the Huntington's disease), which aims to relieve families of the stigma of the disease, particularly those in poor communities in South America where the condition is most common. The event was brought about after Cattaneo wrote to Pope Francis last summer and asked him to meet with someone with the disease. In 2018, Cattaneo was selected to be a new honorary doctor at the Faculty of Medicine at Lund University. Cattaneo has strong links to the research field at Lund University, where she spent time conducting"
"Hansen (surname) Hansen or Hanssen () is a Scandinavian patronymic surname, meaning ""son of Hans"". As of 2008, it is the third most common surname in Denmark, shared by 4.3% of the population. As of 2000, ""Hansen"" is the single most common surname in Norway, not counting spelling variations such as ""Hanssen"", which are also quite common. In the Faroe Islands ""Hansen"" is the second most common surname, while in the North German federal states of Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg ""Hansen"" is the third and fifth most common surname, respectively. In Sweden the parallel form is ""Hansson"". The frequent occurrences of"
"Eugene Kellersberger of the American Leprosy Mission, who had had the vision for establishing such a multifaceted center and had been the main promoter of the project. ALERT (medical facility) ALERT is a medical facility on the edge of Addis Ababa, specializing in Hansen’s disease, also known as “leprosy”. It was originally the All Africa Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Center (hence the acronym), but the official name is now expanded to include tuberculosis: All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Centre. ALERT’s activities focus on its hospital, rehabilitation of leprosy patients, training programs for leprosy personnel from around the world,"
"Louisiana; via a payment to a Hawaii in-patient program; or at any of 11 regional outpatient clinics under contract to the agency. The programs also support scientific research and training for health professionals at the world’s largest and most comprehensive laboratory dedicated to Hansen’s Disease. The programs are the only dedicated source of expertise, treatment and continuing education on the disease in the United States. Though Hansen's disease is very rare in the United States (there are currently only 6500 cases) there is still a widely held stigma because of the history of the disease. With current treatment methods patients"
"populations of 1,000 to 2,700 people living on the peninsula, in the valleys, and in the villages"" but by 1853, there were only about 140 people remaining after epidemics of Eurasian diseases. In 1865 the Kingdom legislature passed a law to try to prevent transmission of leprosy, now known as Hansen's disease after the scientist who discovered the bacterium. The disease had been introduced to the islands about 1830 by foreign workers. At the time it was incurable. Sugar planters had brought pressure on the government as they were worried about the labor supply. The government arranged for Native Hawaiian"
"Gerhard Armauer Hansen Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen (29 July 1841 – 12 February 1912) was a Norwegian physician, remembered for his identification of the bacterium ""Mycobacterium leprae"" in 1873 as the causative agent of leprosy. Hansen was born in Bergen, Norway and attended the Bergen Cathedral School. He worked at Rikshospitalet in Christiania (now Oslo) and as a doctor in Lofoten. In 1868 Hansen returned to Bergen to study leprosy while working at Lungegård Hospital (""Lungegårdshospitalet"") with Daniel Cornelius Danielssen, a noted expert. Leprosy was regarded as largely hereditary or otherwise miasmic in origin. Hansen concluded on the basis of"
"Hansen's problem Hansen's problem is a problem in planar surveying, named after the astronomer Peter Andreas Hansen (1795–1874), who worked on the geodetic survey of Denmark. There are two known points ""A"" and ""B"", and two unknown points ""P"" and ""P"". From ""P"" and ""P"" an observer measures the angles made by the lines of sight to each of the other three points. The problem is to find the positions of ""P"" and ""P"". See figure; the angles measured are (""α"", ""β"", ""α"", ""β""). Since it involves observations of angles made at unknown points, the problem is an example of"
"the death rate fell and discharges increased. There had only been three discharges of Hansen's disease patients from Fantome Island from 1940 the end of 1948; compared to 22 discharges from 1949 to the end of 1952. In March 1950 Abraham Fryberg, Cilento's successor as Director-General of Health and Medical Services, recommended that Peel Island patients be moved to the mainland, and Queensland's Premier, Ned Hanlon, noted that the disease of leprosy would now be known as Hansen's disease. About the same time that Hansen's disease patients were finally receiving effective treatment, there was increased public pressure to end the"
"Leprosy stigma Leprosy stigma is a type of social stigma, a strong negative feeling towards a person with leprosy relating to their moral status in society. It is also referred to as leprosy-related stigma, leprostigma, and stigma of leprosy. Since ancient times leprosy instilled the practice of fear and avoidance in many societies because of the associated physical disfigurement and lack of understanding behind its cause. Because of the historical trauma the word ""leprosy"" invokes, the disease is now referred to as Hansen's disease, named after Gerhard Armauer Hansen who discovered ""Mycobacterium leprae"", the bacterial agent that causes Hansen's disease."
"all the cases in Asia and Europe had involved hantaviruses that caused kidney failure, never respiratory failure. The testing revealed a previously unknown hantavirus which was eventually named Sin Nombre virus, Spanish for ""No Name"" virus. The disease became formally known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) or simply hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Several theories were advanced to explain the emergence of the new virus. These included increased contact between humans and mice due to a ""bumper crop"" in the deer mouse population. Another theory was that something within the virus had changed, allowing it to jump to humans. A third"
"be treated and limit the physical damage, as well as control contagion. In the twenty-first century, effective, free treatment of dapsone, rifampicin, and clofazimine was available through WHO. However, in many parts of the world, lay people still believe the disease to be incurable. The multi-drug therapy provided free to countries where the disease is endemic provides a reliable cure for leprosy. The misconception also stems from the discontinuity between science and government policy. Although the medical community has agreed for decades that Hansen’s disease is only mildly contagious, it still remains on the list of “communicable diseases of public"
"Heck's disease Heck's disease (also known as focal or multifocal epithelial hyperplasia) is an asymptomatic, benign neoplastic condition characterized by multiple white to pinkish papules that occur diffusely in the oral cavity. Can present with slightly pale, smooth or roughened surface morphology. It is caused by the human papilloma virus types 13 and 32. It exhibits surface cells with vacuolated cytoplasm around irregular, pyknotic nuclei and occasional cells with mitosis-like changes within otherwise mature and well-differentiated epithelium. A distinguishing histologic feature is elongated rete ridges with mitosoid bodies present. It was first identified in the Aboriginal population of North America."
"Gyroscope Company on Long Island. His resonator was called a ""rhumbatron"" by the Varian brothers. Hansen died of beryllium disease in 1949 as a result of exposure to beryllium oxide (BeO). During the Second World War, the Axis powers relied mostly on (then low-powered and long wavelength) klystron technology for their radar system microwave generation, while the Allies used the far more powerful but frequency-drifting technology of the cavity magnetron for much shorter-wavelength one centimeter microwave generation. Klystron tube technologies for very high-power applications, such as synchrotrons and radar systems, have since been developed. Right after the war, AT&T used"
"ancient Indian text, the ""Atharava Veda"", as early as 2000 BC. Another Indian text, the ""Manusmriti"" (1500 BC), prohibited contact with those infected with the disease and made marriage to a person infected with leprosy punishable. Biblically speaking, the Hebraic root tsara or tsaraath (צָרַע,—tsaw-rah'—to be struck with leprosy, to be leprous) and the Greek (λεπρός—lepros), are of broader classification than the more narrow use of the term related to Hansen's Disease. Any progressive skin disease (a whitening or splotchy bleaching of skin, raised manifestations of scales, scabs, infections, rashes, etc.…) as well as generalized molds and surface discoloration of"
"fairly recently. Huntington's was given different names throughout this history as understanding of the disease changed. Originally called simply 'chorea' for the jerky dancelike movements associated with the disease, HD has also been called ""hereditary chorea"" and ""chronic progressive chorea"". The first definite mention of HD was in a letter by Charles Oscar Waters, published in the first edition of Robley Dunglison's ""Practice of Medicine"" in 1842. Waters described ""a form of chorea, vulgarly called magrums"", including accurate descriptions of the chorea, its progression, and the strong heredity of the disease. In 1846 Charles Gorman observed how higher prevalence seemed"
"the island of Hawaii. While Father Damien was serving in several parishes on Oʻahu, the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi was struggling with a labor shortage and a public health crisis, as identified by planters. Many of the parishioners Native Hawaiians had high mortality rates to such Eurasian infectious diseases as smallpox, cholera, influenza, syphilis, and whooping cough, brought to the Hawaiian Islands by foreign traders, sailors and immigrants. Thousands of Hawaiians died of such diseases, to which they had no acquired immunity. It is believed that Chinese workers carried leprosy (later known as Hansen's disease) to the islands in the 1830s"
"The family name of all the herpesviridae derives from the Greek word ""herpein"" (""to creep""), referring to the latent, recurring infections typical of this group of viruses. ""Zoster"" comes from Greek ""zōstēr"", meaning ""belt"" or ""girdle"", after the characteristic belt-like dermatomal rash. The common name for the disease, ""shingles"", derives from the Latin ""cingulus"", a variant of Latin ""cingulum"" meaning ""girdle"". In Arabic its name means ""belt of fire"", while in Spanish it means ""small snake""; in Hindi it means ""big rash"" and in Norwegian its name is ""helvetesild"", literally ""hell's fire"". Until the mid 1990s, infectious complications of the"
"tuberculosis. During the 20th century, tuberculosis killed approximately 100 million people. TB is still one of the most important health problems in the developing world. Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is caused by a bacillus, ""Mycobacterium leprae"". It is a chronic disease with an incubation period of up to five years. Since 1985, 15 million people worldwide have been cured of leprosy. Historically, leprosy has affected people since at least 600 BC. Leprosy outbreaks began to occur in Western Europe around 1000 AD. Numerous ""leprosaria"", or leper hospitals, sprang up in the Middle Ages; Matthew Paris estimated that in"
"ALERT (medical facility) ALERT is a medical facility on the edge of Addis Ababa, specializing in Hansen’s disease, also known as “leprosy”. It was originally the All Africa Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Center (hence the acronym), but the official name is now expanded to include tuberculosis: All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Centre. ALERT’s activities focus on its hospital, rehabilitation of leprosy patients, training programs for leprosy personnel from around the world, and leprosy control (administration of the Ethiopian Ministry of Health’s regional leprosy control program). From the beginning, ALERT provided leprosy training for medical students from Addis Ababa"
"– expressed during latency in B cells K11 – vIRF2 K12 – kaposin K13 – vFLIP Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the ninth known human herpesvirus; its formal name according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) is HHV-8. Like other herpesviruses, its informal name (KSHV) is used interchangeably with its more formal ICTV name. This virus causes Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer commonly occurring in AIDS patients, as well as primary effusion lymphoma, HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome. It is one of seven currently known human cancer viruses, or oncoviruses. In"
"Norway, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:83) in the following regions: Notable people with the surname include: Hansen (surname) Hansen or Hanssen () is a Scandinavian patronymic surname, meaning ""son of Hans"". As of 2008, it is the third most common surname in Denmark, shared by 4.3% of the population. As of 2000, ""Hansen"" is the single most common surname in Norway, not counting spelling variations such as ""Hanssen"", which are also quite common. In the Faroe Islands ""Hansen"" is the second most common surname, while in the North German federal states of Schleswig-Holstein and"
"Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) or hereditary sensory neuropathy (HSN) is a condition used to describe any of the types of this disease which inhibit sensation. They are less common than Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Five different clinical entities have been described under hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies – all characterized by progressive loss of function that predominantly affects the peripheral sensory nerves. Their incidence has been estimated to be about 1 in 25,000. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 is a condition characterized by nerve abnormalities in the legs and feet (peripheral neuropathy). Many people with"
"more likely to send the disease into remission. In January 1947, Peel Island patients were treated with the first of several sulfone derivative drugs, which were developed in the United States. These drugs proved the most successful in the long line of treatments for Hansen’s disease sufferers, and from then on, the disease became easy to treat. Hansen’s disease was believed to be highly contagious, with mortality unavoidable. Despite an increase in public understanding of this inaccuracy, this stigma had an incredibly long-lasting impact on the perception of patients on Peel Island. The Queensland Health Department’s decision to allay public"
"or pseudonym--and case number. Many physicians in Louisiana have devoted their lives to researching leprosy. Additionally, numerous patients of Carville have worked to bring attention to the disease. stable/649295 Leprosy in Louisiana From 1894-1999, the leprosarium underwent several name changes: Louisiana Leper Home (1894), U.S. Marine Hospital No. 66 (1921), Gillis W. Long Hansen's (Leprosy) Disease Center (1986). Due to the various names, the leprosarium was commonly referred to as ""Carville."" Carville became known as the national leprosarium because all persons diagnosed with leprosy (Hansen's disease) in the U.S. were required, by law, to be quarantined and treated. The leprosarium"
"is about 20 per 100,000 children per year, making it the most common vasculitis in children. Cases of HSP may occur anytime throughout the year, but some studies have found that fewer cases occur during the summer months. The disease is named after Eduard Heinrich Henoch (1820–1910), a German pediatrician (nephew of Moritz Heinrich Romberg) and his teacher Johann Lukas Schönlein (1793–1864), who described it in the 1860s. Schönlein associated the purpura and arthritis, and Henoch the purpura and gastrointestinal involvement. The English physician William Heberden (1710–1801) and the dermatologist Robert Willan (1757–1812) had already described the disease in 1802"