"Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (PNG; , ; ; ), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia. Its capital, located along its southeastern coast, is Port Moresby. The western half of New Guinea forms the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua. At the national level, after being ruled by three external powers since 1884, Papua New Guinea established its sovereignty in 1975. This followed nearly 60"
"Bismarck Sea The Bismarck Sea () lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean within the nation of Papua New Guinea. It is located northeast of the island of New Guinea and south of the Bismarck Archipelago and the Admiralty Islands. It has coastlines in districts of the Islands Region, Momase Region, and Papua Region. Like the Bismarck Archipelago, it is named in honour of the first German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. The Bismarck Archipelago extends round to the east and north of the sea, enclosing the Bismarck Sea and separating it from the Southern Pacific Ocean. To the south it is"
"Solomon Sea The Solomon Sea is a sea located within the Pacific Ocean. It lies between Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Many major battles were fought there during World War II. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Solomon Sea as follows: ""On the Northwest."" By the Southeast limit of Bismarck Sea [A line from the Southern point of New Ireland along the parallel of 4°50' South to the coast of New Britain, along its Northern coast and thence a line from its Western extreme through the Northern point of Umboi Island to Teliata Point, New"
"of the Bismarck Sea during World War II on 3 and 4 March 1943. Bismarck Sea The Bismarck Sea () lies in the southwestern Pacific Ocean within the nation of Papua New Guinea. It is located northeast of the island of New Guinea and south of the Bismarck Archipelago and the Admiralty Islands. It has coastlines in districts of the Islands Region, Momase Region, and Papua Region. Like the Bismarck Archipelago, it is named in honour of the first German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. The Bismarck Archipelago extends round to the east and north of the sea, enclosing the Bismarck"
"New Guinea New Guinea (; ; ; , historically, """") is a large island off the continent of Australia. It is the world's second-largest, after Greenland, covering a land area of , and the largest wholly or partly within the Southern Hemisphere and Oceania. The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the independent state of Papua New Guinea. The western half, referred to as either Western New Guinea or West Papua, has been administered by Indonesia since 1962 and comprises the provinces of Papua and West Papua. The island has been known by various names:"
"in the Planet Deep. Solomon Sea The Solomon Sea is a sea located within the Pacific Ocean. It lies between Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Many major battles were fought there during World War II. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Solomon Sea as follows: ""On the Northwest."" By the Southeast limit of Bismarck Sea [A line from the Southern point of New Ireland along the parallel of 4°50' South to the coast of New Britain, along its Northern coast and thence a line from its Western extreme through the Northern point of Umboi Island"
"has failed. See Religion in Papua New Guinea. New Guinea New Guinea (; ; ; , historically, """") is a large island off the continent of Australia. It is the world's second-largest, after Greenland, covering a land area of , and the largest wholly or partly within the Southern Hemisphere and Oceania. The eastern half of the island is the major land mass of the independent state of Papua New Guinea. The western half, referred to as either Western New Guinea or West Papua, has been administered by Indonesia since 1962 and comprises the provinces of Papua and West Papua."
"Western New Guinea Western New Guinea, also known as Papua (: ID-PP), is the Indonesian part of the island of New Guinea. Since the island is also named as Papua, the region is sometimes called West Papua. Lying to the west of the independent state of Papua New Guinea, it is the only Indonesian territory to be situated in Oceania. The territory is mostly in the Southern Hemisphere and also includes nearby islands, including the Schouten and Raja Ampat archipelagoes. The region is predominantly covered with ancient rainforest where numerous traditional tribes live such as the Dani of the Baliem"
"divides the island of New Guinea. Across the 820 km (509 mi) border, the western half of New Guinea is officially known as Papua province, governed by Indonesia. Papua New Guinea's border with Indonesia is not straight; the border loops slightly to the west in the south-central part of New Guinea. Papua New Guinea's Western Province contains that loop. There are maritime borders with Australia to the south and Solomon Islands to the southeast. Papua New Guinea has a total area of 462 840 km², of which 452 860 km² is land and 9 980 km² is water. Its coastline"
"paid by Admiral Bruni d'Entrecasteaux in 1793, and Captain Owen Stanley in 1849. The islands have a moist tropical climate, and are largely covered with tropical moist broadleaf forests. Samarai Islands The Samarai Islands archipelago, part of the larger Louisiade Archipelago, is located southeast of mainland New Guinea island, within the nation of Papua New Guinea. The archipelago consists of: 4 larger volcanic islands frequently fringed by coral reefs; and 30 smaller coral islands. The islands stretch over more than , and spread over an ocean area of , between the Solomon Sea to the north and the Coral Sea"
"islands north and east of Australia in the Pacific Ocean. The designation is sometimes applied to all the lands and islands of the Pacific Ocean lying between the equator and latitude 47° south. Papua New Guinea also includes approximately 600 offshore islands. Most of Australasia lies on the southern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate, flanked by the Indian Ocean to the west and the Southern Ocean to the south. Peripheral territories lie on the Eurasian Plate to the northwest, the Philippine Plate to the north, and in the Pacific Ocean – including numerous marginal seas – atop the Pacific Plate"
"Gulf of Papua The Gulf of Papua is a 400 kilometer wide region on the south coast of New Guinea. Some of New Guinea's largest rivers, such as the Fly River, Turama River, Kikori River and Purari River, flow into the gulf, making it a large delta. While the western coast is characterized by swampy tidal waterways, land to the east ending at Cape Possession is flat and sandy. The Papuan Gulf's central and eastern interior slowly rises to meet the mountainous Southern Highlands, and is covered in a variety of inland swamps and dense tropical hardwood forests. The western"
"Coral Sea The Coral Sea () is a marginal sea of the South Pacific off the northeast coast of Australia, and classified as an interim Australian bioregion. The Coral Sea extends down the Australian northeast coast. It is bounded in the west by the east coast of Queensland, thereby including the Great Barrier Reef, in the east by Vanuatu (formerly the New Hebrides) and by New Caledonia, and in the northeast approximately by the southern extremity of the Solomon Islands. In the northwest, it reaches to the south coast of eastern New Guinea, thereby including the Gulf of Papua. It"
"Nukumanu Islands Nukumanu, formerly Tasman Islands, is a medium-sized atoll of Papua New Guinea, located in the Southwestern Pacific Ocean, 4 degrees south of the equator. Comprising a ring of more than twenty islets on a reef surrounding a large lagoon, Nukumanu's sandy islands are located on a strip of coral rising no more than above sea level. The main inhabited islands of Nukumanu are located on the eastern end of the atoll. Administratively Nukumanu is part of Papua New Guinea, but it lies quite far away from the closest territory of Papua New Guinea proper, which is the coast"
"name was used until 2001, when the name ""Papua"" was again used for the island and the province. The name ""Irian"", which was originally favored by natives, is now considered to be a name imposed by the authority of Jakarta. New Guinea is an island to the north of Australia, but south of the equator. It is isolated by the Arafura Sea to the west, and the Torres Strait and Coral Sea to the east. Sometimes considered to be the easternmost island of the Indonesian archipelago, it lies north of Australia's Top End, the Gulf of Carpentaria and Cape York"
"to the ""Encyclopædia Britannica"", the Pacific islands consist of three regions: The islands are scattered across a triangle covering the east-central region of the Pacific Ocean. The triangle is bound by the Hawaiian Islands in the north, New Zealand in the west, and Easter Island in the east. The rest of Polynesia includes the Samoan islands (American Samoa and Western Samoa), the Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti and The Society Islands, Marquesas Islands, Austral Islands and the Tuamotu Archipelago), Niue Island, Tokelau and Tuvalu, Tonga, Wallis and Futuna, Rotuma Island and Pitcairn Island. The island of New Guinea, the Bismarck"
"on the coast of Guinea in West Africa. The names of Papua and Nueva Guinea were preserved for almost two centuries, only then did the name Nieuw Guinea from the Netherlands emerge, and both names were widely known throughout the world, especially in the 19th century. The population of the archipelago is familiar with the name Papua and while the name Nieuw Guinea became famous since the 16th century after the name appeared on the world map so that it was used by the outside world, especially in European countries. After the arrival of Europeans, namely in 1660, an agreement"
"consists of New Guinea, the country of Australia, Timor, other islands, and submerged continental shelf), and in Oceania, the tallest island mountain on Earth, as well as the 5th highest mountain in political Southeast Asia. It is also the highest point between the Himalayas and the Andes. Some sources claim Papua New Guinea's Mount Wilhelm, , as the highest mountain peak in Oceania, on account of Indonesia being part of Asia (Southeast Asia). The massive, open cut Grasberg mine is within of Puncak Jaya. The highlands surrounding the peak were inhabited before European contact, and the peak was known as"
"D'Entrecasteaux Islands D'Entrecasteaux Islands () are situated near the eastern tip of New Guinea in the Solomon Sea in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The group spans a distance of , has a total land area of approximately and is separated from the Papua New Guinea mainland by the wide Ward Hunt Strait in the north and the wide Goschen Strait in the south. D'Entrecasteaux Islands show signs of volcanism. The inhabitants of D'Entrecasteaux Islands are indigenous subsistence horticulturalists living in small, traditional settlements. People of this area produced and traded clay pots as well as participated in"
"Samarai Islands The Samarai Islands archipelago, part of the larger Louisiade Archipelago, is located southeast of mainland New Guinea island, within the nation of Papua New Guinea. The archipelago consists of: 4 larger volcanic islands frequently fringed by coral reefs; and 30 smaller coral islands. The islands stretch over more than , and spread over an ocean area of , between the Solomon Sea to the north and the Coral Sea to the south. The aggregate land area of the islands is about , with Basilaki Island being the largest. Logea Island, Samarai Island and Sariba Island lie closest to"
"most of the islands in the world. There are about 25,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. The islands entirely within the Pacific Ocean can be divided into three main groups known as Micronesia, Melanesia and Polynesia. Micronesia, which lies north of the equator and west of the International Date Line, includes the Mariana Islands in the northwest, the Caroline Islands in the center, the Marshall Islands to the west and the islands of Kiribati in the southeast. Melanesia, to the southwest, includes New Guinea, the world's second largest island after Greenland and by far the largest of the Pacific islands."
"New Britain New Britain () is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from the island of New Guinea by the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel. The main towns of New Britain are Rabaul/Kokopo and Kimbe. The island is roughly the size of Taiwan. While the island was part of German New Guinea, it was named Neupommern (""New Pomerania""). New Britain extends from 148°18'31"" to 152°23'57"" E longitude and from 4°08'25"" to 6°18'31"" S latitude. It is crescent-shaped, approximately along its southeastern coastline, and from 29"
"the Viet Cong. New Guinea, located just north of Australia, is the world's second-largest island. A central east-west mountain range dominates the geography of New Guinea and contains the highest mountains in Oceania, rising up to 4884 m high. The island is populated by very nearly a thousand different tribal groups and a near-equivalent number of separate languages, which makes New Guinea the most linguistically diverse area in the world. They fall into one of two groups, speakers of the Papuan languages and later arrivals who speak Austronesian languages. The gardens of the New Guinea Highlands are ancient, intensive permacultures,"
"Geography of the Solomon Islands Solomon Islands is a nation in the South Pacific Ocean, that lies east of Papua New Guinea. The Solomon Islands consists of an extensive archipelago: Choiseul, the Shortland Islands, the New Georgia Islands, Santa Isabel, the Russell Islands, the Florida Islands, Malaita, Guadalcanal, Sikaiana, Maramasike, Ulawa, Uki, Makira (San Cristobal), Santa Ana, Rennell, Bellona and the Santa Cruz Islands. The distance between the most western and most eastern islands is about . Especially the Santa Cruz Islands, North of Vanuatu, (of which Tikopia is part) are isolated at more than from the other islands. Bougainville"
"Niue Niue ( ; ) is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean, northeast of New Zealand, east of Tonga, south of Samoa, and west of the Cook Islands. Niue's land area is about and its population, predominantly Polynesian, was about 1,600 in 2016. The island is commonly referred to as ""The Rock"", which comes from the traditional name ""Rock of Polynesia"". Niue is one of the world's largest coral islands. The terrain of the island has two noticeable levels. The higher level is made up of a limestone cliff running along the coast, with a plateau in the"
"Pacific island groups, including the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu. Geologically, the island of New Guinea is a northern extension of the Indo-Australian tectonic plate, forming part of a single land mass which is Australia-New Guinea (also called ""Sahul"" or ""Meganesia""). It is connected to the Australian segment by a shallow continental shelf across the Torres Strait, which in former ages lay exposed as a land bridge, particularly during ice ages when sea levels were lower than at present. Consequently, many species of birds and mammals found on New Guinea have close genetic links with corresponding species found in Australia. One"
"crossed the Dampier Strait on landing craft. Dampier Strait (Papua New Guinea) Dampier Strait in Papua New Guinea separates Umboi Island and New Britain, linking the Bismarck Sea to the north with the Solomon Sea to the south. The strait is named after the first European to sail through it, British navigator William Dampier in 1700 in . Dampier described his discoveries in his ""A Continuation of a Voyage to New Holland"" Ch. 4 New Britain Discovered in these terms: NEW BRITAIN. The easternmost part of New Guinea lies 40 miles to the westward of this tract of land, and"
"Duchateau Islands The Duchateau Islands are an island group in the Coral Sea, belonging to Papua New Guinea. They lie to the east of Panarairai Island in the Louisiade Archipelago. Politically they belong to the province of Milne Bay in the southeastern part of Papua New Guinea . They are controlled by the chief of Utian Island, the nearest inhabited island. The Duchateau Islands consist of three small low-lying islands. They lie on the southwestern edge of the barrier reef of Vanatinai. The highest point is . They are located south-east of the Jomard Islands and immediately northeast of Montemont"
"Dampier Strait (Papua New Guinea) Dampier Strait in Papua New Guinea separates Umboi Island and New Britain, linking the Bismarck Sea to the north with the Solomon Sea to the south. The strait is named after the first European to sail through it, British navigator William Dampier in 1700 in . Dampier described his discoveries in his ""A Continuation of a Voyage to New Holland"" Ch. 4 New Britain Discovered in these terms: NEW BRITAIN. The easternmost part of New Guinea lies 40 miles to the westward of this tract of land, and by hydrographers they are made joining together:"
"the tropical Indian Ocean, including most of the Indian Ocean coast of the Indonesian archipelago, the northern Australian coast, and the Cocos and Christmas islands. It extends through the tropical seas connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans, including the Java Sea in central Indonesia, the South China Sea between the Asian land mass and the Philippine and Malay archipelagos, and the Arafura Sea separating Australia and New Guinea. It includes the seas surrounding island groups of the western Pacific, including the Ryukyu Islands, Caroline Islands, Marianas Islands, New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga,"
"Guinea (Western Papua and Papua New Guinea), New Britain, and Bougainville Island. It occurs in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, on Christmas Island. In Australia, it occurs in the Northern Territory near Darwin, and at the northern tip of Queensland and other parts of queensland like sunshine coast. In Oceania, it occurs on Palau, Guam, Fiji, Saipan, and the Hawaiian Islands. In the Americas, it occurs in the United States (California, Connecticut, Florida, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Arizona, Hawaii and Texas), western and southern Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Barbados and on the Cayman Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands. It has been found in the"
"Louisiade Archipelago The Louisiade Archipelago is a string of ten larger volcanic islands frequently fringed by coral reefs, and 90 smaller coral islands in Papua New Guinea. It is located 200 km southeast of New Guinea, stretching over more than and spread over an ocean area of between the Solomon Sea to the north and the Coral Sea to the south. The aggregate land area of the islands is about , with Vanatinai (Tagula) being the largest. Rogeia, Samarai and Sariba lie closest to New Guinea, while Misima, Vanatinai, and Rossel islands lie further east. The archipelago is divided into"
"Jayapura Jayapura is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Papua. It is situated on the island of New Guinea, on Yos Sudarso Bay (formerly known as ""Humboldt Bay""). It covers an area of , and borders Jayapura Regency to the west, Keerom Regency to the south, the nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the north. It had a population of 256,705 at the 2010 Census; the latest official estimate (as of January 2014) is 315,872. Jayapura is the largest city in the Indonesian part of New Guinea. It is"