"the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, and left a replica in its stead. Several more Egyptian obelisks have been re-erected elsewhere. The best-known examples outside Rome are the pair of Cleopatra's Needles in London () and New York City () and the obelisk at the Place de la Concorde in Paris. There are ancient Egyptian obelisks in the following locations: Obelisk monuments are also known from the Assyrian civilization, where they were erected as public monuments that commemorated the achievements of the Assyrian king. The British Museum possesses four Assyrian obelisks: The White Obelisk of Ashurnasirpal I (named due to its"
"Ramesseum The Ramesseum is the memorial temple (or mortuary temple) of Pharaoh Ramesses II (""Ramesses the Great"", also spelled ""Ramses"" and ""Rameses""). It is located in the Theban necropolis in Upper Egypt, across the River Nile from the modern city of Luxor. The name – or at least its French form, Rhamesséion – was coined by Jean-François Champollion, who visited the ruins of the site in 1829 and first identified the hieroglyphs making up Ramesses's names and titles on the walls. It was originally called the ""House of millions of years of Usermaatra-setepenra that unites with Thebes-the-city in the domain"
"Statue of Ramesses II The Statue of Ramesses II is a 3,200-year-old figure of Ramesses II, depicting him standing. It was discovered in 1820 by Giovanni Battista Caviglia at the Great Temple of Ptah near Memphis, Egypt. It is made from red granite. The statue was found broken in six pieces and earlier attempts at restoration failed. In 1955, Egyptian Prime Minister Gamal Abdel Nasser moved it to the large Bab Al-Hadid square in Cairo that was then renamed Ramses Square. There the statue was restored to its full height of 11 meters and erected on a three-metre pedestal at"
"pair until 1835, when the other one was taken to Paris where it now stands in the centre of the Place de la Concorde. Through the pylon gateway leads into a peristyle courtyard, also built by Ramesses II. This area, and the pylon, were built at an oblique angle to the rest of the temple, presumably to accommodate the three pre-existing barque shrines located in the northwest corner. After the peristyle courtyard comes the processional colonnade built by Amenhotep III – a corridor lined by 14 papyrus-capital columns. Friezes on the wall describe the stages in the Opet Festival, from"
"and restoring the Ramesseum and its environs since 1991. Among their discoveries during excavations include kitchens, bakeries and supply rooms for the temple to the south, and a school where boys were taught to be scribes to the southeast. Some of the challenges in preserving the area have been the control of modern Egyptian farmers using the area for farming and encroaching on the ruins. Ramesseum The Ramesseum is the memorial temple (or mortuary temple) of Pharaoh Ramesses II (""Ramesses the Great"", also spelled ""Ramses"" and ""Rameses""). It is located in the Theban necropolis in Upper Egypt, across the River"
"decorated with hieroglyphics exalting the reign of the pharaoh Ramesses II. It is one of two the Egyptian government gave to the French in the 19th century. The other one stayed in Egypt, too difficult and heavy to move to France with the technology at that time. In the 1990s, President François Mitterrand gave the second obelisk back to the Egyptians. The obelisk once marked the entrance to the Luxor Temple. The self-declared Khedive of Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha, offered the 3,300-year-old Luxor Obelisk to France in 1829. It arrived in Paris on 21 December 1833. Three years later, on"
"contain as many as 200 corridors and chambers. It is believed that at least four of Ramesses's sons, including Meryatum, Sety, Amun-her-khepeshef (Ramesses's first-born son) and ""the King's Principal Son of His Body, the Generalissimo Ramesses, justified"" (i.e., deceased) were buried there from inscriptions, ostraca or canopic jars discovered in the tomb. Joyce Tyldesley writes that thus far The colossal statue of Ramesses II dates back 3,200 years, and was originally discovered in six pieces in a temple near Memphis. Weighing some , it was transported, reconstructed, and erected in Ramesses Square in Cairo in 1955. In August 2006, contractors"
"and engineer Milène Guermont, was installed in Place de la Concorde next to the Obelisk. Any passer-by could transmit her or his heartbeat directly into PHARES thanks to a cardiac sensor and this artwork sparkled and illuminated the Obelisk at her or his heart rhythm. This federative, sustainable and monumental artwork of 30 meters high was also in dialogue with the Eiffel Tower and the Montparnasse Tower. Place de la Concorde The Place de la Concorde () is one of the major public squares in Paris, France. Measuring in area, it is the largest square in the French capital. It"
"at the end of the central route. The obelisk is a small example given to the Mattei in 1582. Its lower part is made up of parts of several obelisks and is of unknown origin, but the top part (2.68m high) has hieroglyphics of Ramesses II, derives from the Temple of the Sun at Heliopolis, and was (like those now in piazza della Minerva and via delle Terme di Diocleziano) brought to Rome in antiquity to adorn the Temple of Isis (in the area of the present via di Pie' di Marmo). In the 14th century it was placed on"
"brightly painted. Ramses II, a 19th Dynasty pharaoh ruled Egypt from around 1279 to 1213 BCE. Among Ramses II many accomplishments, such as the expanding of the Egyptian borders, he constructed a massive temple called the Ramesseum. The temple is located near the city of Thebes, which at the time was the capital for the New kingdom pharaoh. The Ramesseum was a magnificent temple, completed with monument status to guard its entrance; the most impressive of which was a 62 foot tall statue of Ramses himself. Only fragments of this structure remain, particularly its base and torso are all that"
"indicated by a stone of the parvis. Parvis Notre-Dame – place Jean-Paul-II Parvis Notre-Dame – place Jean-Paul-II is the official name of the square consisting of the parvise of Notre-Dame de Paris on the Île de la Cité, France. It was known simply as the place du Parvis-Notre-Dame until 2006 when it was renamed in honour of Pope John Paul II who died in 2005. The change generated controversy. The parvis was originally much smaller and its current shape dates back to the extensive urban renewal plans of Baron Haussmann during the Second French Empire. The square is also the"
"Square René-Viviani The Square René Viviani (Official French name: ""Square René Viviani-Montebello"") is a public square adjacent to the Church of Saint-Julien-le-Pauvre in the 5th arrondissement of Paris. The Square René Viviani is a city park located slightly to the north of the Gothic church of Saint-Julien-le-Pauvre, built at the same time as Notre-Dame Cathedral and consequently one of Paris' oldest churches. Disaffected during the Revolution, in the 19th century the ruinous church was taken over by the city's Greek Melchite Church and is today the center of that religious community in Paris. The Square is an irregular polygon in"
"in the 16th century. Known as ""Le Pluvinel"", this was the forerunner of the classical equestrian school, and it is commemorated by a plaque above the entrance to the Hôtel Regina restaurant. The gilded bronze equestrian statue of Joan of Arc on this square was produced by Emmanuel Frémiet in 1874. Place des Pyramides Place des Pyramides is a public square in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France. It is located in the middle of the Rue de Rivoli, at its intersection with the Rue des Pyramides and Avenue du General Lemonnier, at the western end of the Tuileries Garden."
"square centred on the Via Flaminia. Valadier's Piazza del Popolo, however, incorporated the verdure of trees as an essential element; he conceived his space in a third dimension, expressed in the building of the ""viale"" that leads up to the balustraded overlook from the Pincio (""above, right""). An Egyptian obelisk of Sety I (later erected by Rameses II) from Heliopolis stands in the centre of the Piazza. Three sides of the obelisk were carved during the reign of Sety I and the fourth side, under Rameses II. The obelisk, known as the ""Flaminio Obelisk"" or the ""Popolo Obelisk"", is the"
"This obelisk was listed on the 1840 inventory of historic sites in France. It is part of a 1981-designated UNESCO world heritage site, the Arles, Roman and Romanesque Monuments. Obélisque d'Arles The Obélisque d'Arles (""Arles Obelisk"") is a 4th-century Roman obelisk, erected in the center of the ""Place de la République"", in front of the town hall of Arles, France. The obelisk is made of granite from Asia Minor. It does not feature any inscription. Its height together with its pedestal is approximately 20 m. The obelisk was first erected under the Roman emperor Constantine II in the center of"
"remaining a friendly neutral as the European powers – France and Britain – maneuvered to secure political control of the Egyptian Government. The Paris needle is in the Place de la Concorde. The centre of the Place is occupied by the giant Egyptian obelisk decorated with hieroglyphs exalting the reign of the pharaoh Ramesses II. Along with its twin (still in situ), it once marked the entrance to the Luxor Temple. The ruler of Egypt and Sudan, Muhammad Ali, presented the New York needle to France in 1828, but it was exchanged in 1830 with the 3,300-year-old Luxor Obelisk. King"
"trapezoidal as the rue Gasparin was opened and new buildings were added. Some mosaics found on the square provided indications of what Roman houses looked like. In 2004, a plaque recounting its history was added to the square. Originally, there was a cross on the square, but it was removed in 1562 by the Protestants. Subsequently, a formal approval in 1599 allowed to rebuild a cross, and between 1603 and 1609, Philippe Lalyame erected a pyramidal obelisk surmounted by a cross representing the Trinity and with the God's name in at least 24 languages. During the 1662 civil war, the"
"idea of cutting a flat-bottomed barge in half across its center, installing the obelisk, then rebuilding the barge so it could be towed down the Nile and on to France. The steam corvette ""Le Sphinx"", a three-masted schooner that was the first steam vessel of the French Navy, was used to tow the specially built ""Le Luxor"" barge, which carried the obelisk from Thebes to Paris. Verninac published an account of the voyage in 1834, ""Le voyage du Luxor en Égypte"". The obelisk remained on the quay of the Seine for two years before being erected in the Place de"
"Obélisque d'Arles The Obélisque d'Arles (""Arles Obelisk"") is a 4th-century Roman obelisk, erected in the center of the ""Place de la République"", in front of the town hall of Arles, France. The obelisk is made of granite from Asia Minor. It does not feature any inscription. Its height together with its pedestal is approximately 20 m. The obelisk was first erected under the Roman emperor Constantine II in the center of the ""spina"" of the Roman circus of Arles. After the circus was abandoned in the 6th century, the obelisk fell down and was broken in two parts. It was"
"Place Kléber The Place Kléber is the central square of Strasbourg, France. Place Kleber, the largest square at the center of the city of Strasbourg in the heart of the city's commercial area, was named after general Jean-Baptiste Kléber, born in Strasbourg in 1753. In the square is a statue of Kléber, under which is a vault containing his remains. On the north side of the square is the Aubette (Orderly Room), built by Blondel in 1765-1772. Located in Strasbourg's historic center (the ""Grande Île"" (""Large Island"")) the area was classified a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1988, the"
"had been planned and passed by it. Similarly the same artist has created another monumental column, the Kolonna Eterna, which was also described as being phallic by critics. The Obelisk of Luxor, which stands in the Place de la Concorde of Paris, France, was given to the French by the Egyptians in the 1800s. The 23-meter (75-foot) obelisk originally stood at the front of Luxor Temple, honoring Ramses II, pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt. According to Michael D. Garval, the French perceived the obelisk as ""prodigiously phallic"" from the moment it arrived. The Oriental Pearl TV Tower, located"
"deified Ramesses II before the Pylon and at the entrance to the Colonnade are clearly Ka-statues, cult statues of the king as embodiment of the royal Ka. Six barque shrines, serving as way stations for the barques of the gods during festival processions, were set up on the avenue between the Karnak and Luxor Temple. The avenue which went in a straight line between the Luxor Temple and the Karnak area was recently lined with human-headed sphinxes of Nekhtanebo I,21, in ancient times it is probable that these replaced earlier sphinxes which may have had different heads. Along the avenue"
"Parvis Notre-Dame – place Jean-Paul-II Parvis Notre-Dame – place Jean-Paul-II is the official name of the square consisting of the parvise of Notre-Dame de Paris on the Île de la Cité, France. It was known simply as the place du Parvis-Notre-Dame until 2006 when it was renamed in honour of Pope John Paul II who died in 2005. The change generated controversy. The parvis was originally much smaller and its current shape dates back to the extensive urban renewal plans of Baron Haussmann during the Second French Empire. The square is also the location of France's Kilometre zero which is"
"ago, a Sorbonne professor discovered an ancient map depicting the site of the cemetery, which now lay under an open square in the city of Troyes. After this discovery, French Jews erected a large monument in the center of the square—a large, black and white globe featuring the three Hebrew letters of רשי artfully arranged counterclockwise in negative space, evoking the style of Hebrew microcalligraphy. The granite base of the monument is engraved: ""Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki — Commentator and Guide"". In 2005, Yisroel Meir Gabbai erected an additional plaque at this site marking the square as a burial ground. The"
"Champs-Élysées The Avenue des Champs-Élysées () is an avenue in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France, long and wide, running between the Place de la Concorde and the Place Charles de Gaulle, where the Arc de Triomphe is located. It is known for its theatres, cafés, and luxury shops, for the annual Bastille Day military parade, and as the finish of the Tour de France cycle race. The name is French for the Elysian Fields, the paradise for dead heroes in Greek mythology. Champs-Élysées is widely regarded to be one of the most recognisable avenues in the world. The avenue"
"in having only two pharaohs leave their mark on its architectural structure. The temple proper begins with the high First Pylon, built by Ramesses II. The pylon was decorated with scenes of Ramesses's military triumphs (particularly the Battle of Qadesh); later pharaohs, particularly those of the Nubian and Ethiopian dynasties, also recorded their victories there. This main entrance to the temple complex was originally flanked by six colossal statues of Ramesses – four seated, and two standing – but only two (both seated) have survived. Modern visitors can also see a tall pink granite obelisk: this one of a matching"
"stone) and ""Pont d'Auvergne"" (1892, iron), as well as architect Marc Mimram's futuristic ""Passerelle"" over the Rhine, opened in 2004. The largest square at the centre of the city of Strasbourg is the Place Kléber. Located in the heart of the city's commercial area, it was named after general Jean-Baptiste Kléber, born in Strasbourg in 1753 and assassinated in 1800 in Cairo. In the square is a statue of Kléber, under which is a vault containing his remains. On the north side of the square is the Aubette (Orderly Room), built by Jacques François Blondel, architect of the king, in"
"Place des Vosges The Place des Vosges (), originally Place Royale, is the oldest planned square in Paris, France. It is located in the ""Marais"" district, and it straddles the dividing-line between the 3rd and 4th arrondissements of Paris. It was a fashionable and expensive square to live in during the 17th and 18th centuries, and one of the central reasons of the fashionable nature of Le Marais for the Parisian nobility. Originally known as the ""Place Royale"", the Place des Vosges was built by Henri IV from 1605 to 1612. A true square (140 m × 140 m), it"
"Eugène Simonis in 1848 to replace the statue of Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine that had been melted down for the metal during the French Revolution. / enters the square from the south, / from the southwest, and / and the Mont des Arts from the northwest. It is served by the metro stations Gare Centrale/Centraal Station, Parc/Park and Trône/Troon. Place Royale (Brussels) The Place Royale (French, ""Royal Square"") or Koningsplein (Dutch, ""King's Square"") is a historic neoclassical square near the centre of Brussels, Belgium. The square itself is built on the former site of Bailles Square (French: , Dutch:"
"Place des Pyramides Place des Pyramides is a public square in the 1st arrondissement of Paris, France. It is located in the middle of the Rue de Rivoli, at its intersection with the Rue des Pyramides and Avenue du General Lemonnier, at the western end of the Tuileries Garden. The square was named for the street, Rue des Pyramides, and the street was named for the Battle of the Pyramids, a Napoleonic victory achieved in Egypt in 1798. A riding academy under Antoine de Pluvinel, squire to Henry III, Henry IV and Louis XIII, was set up in this area"
"Square d'Orléans The Square d'Orléans (also known as the cité des Trois-Frères), is a residential square in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, at 80, rue Taitbout. The square was designed by the English architect Edward Cresy, and built in 1829 on land that had originally belonged to the family of the musician Daniel Auber. The original entry to the square was at 36, rue Saint-Lazare. The name 'Square d'Orléans' was probably a tribute to Louis Philippe of the Orléans family, who became King of France in 1830. ('Trois-Frères', the alternative name for the square, is the name of a former"
"Panthéon The Panthéon (, from Greek πάνθειον (ἱερόν) '(temple) to all the gods') is a building in the Latin Quarter in Paris, France. It was originally built as a church dedicated to St. Genevieve and to house the reliquary châsse containing her relics but, after many changes, now functions as a secular mausoleum containing the remains of distinguished French citizens. It is an early example of neo-classicism, with a façade modelled on the Pantheon in Rome, surmounted by a dome that owes some of its character to Bramante's ""Tempietto"". Located in the 5th arrondissement on the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève, the Panthéon"
"granite obelisk weighs 120 tons—. A pink granite megalithic colossus statue, with features resembling those of the Pharaoh Ramesses II, was found in El Matareya in 2006, weighing five tons—. It was at the ruins of a sun temple dating back to the reign of Ramses II (reigned 1279 BCE—1213 BCE), at the site of later Souk El-Khamis. The underground tombs of High Priests of Re of the Sixth Dynasty (2345 BCE—2181 BCE) were found in the southeast corner of the Re-Atum Temple archaeological site in El Matareya. The Necropolis of Heliopolis, east of the Masalla obelisk in El Matareya,"