In which year did two jumbo jets collide at Tenerife airport, killing 583 people?
"number of passengers at Nuremberg Airport reached 100,000 for the first time. In 1961 the runway was extended from 1,900 to , and in 1968 the runway was extended to its present length of , allowing jumbo jets to use it. On 12 July 1970, a Boeing 747 landed at the airport for the first time and attracted 20,000 visitors. The apron was enlarged in 1977 and in 1981 a new passenger terminal with an observation deck and a restaurant replaced the previous building. In December 1986, the one million passenger mark was passed for the first time. In 1997/98,"
"taxiing along the runway. Amongst the passengers and crew on board the two aircraft, all 248 passengers and crew on the KLM flight were killed, along with 335 passengers and crew on the Pan Am flight, but 61 passengers and crew on the Pan Am flight survived. The total death toll was 583 people. Neither flight was originally scheduled to be at the airport; both were scheduled to land at Gran Canaria Airport, but had been diverted to Tenerife North (then Tenerife Los Rodeos) as a result of a bombing at Gran Canaria. Tenerife North Airport Tenerife North Airport ,"
"was the site of the worst accident in aviation history when 583 passengers and crew were killed after two Boeing 747s collided on the runway in heavy fog. Many years before the airport had even been built, the field at Los Rodeos was hastily prepared to accommodate the first (though unofficial) flight into Tenerife operated by an Arado VI (D-1594) aircraft operating from Berlin on behalf of Deutsche Luft Hansa. In May 1930, the Compañía de Líneas Aéreas Subvencionadas S.A. (C.L.A.S.S.A.) established the first air link between the Spanish mainland and the Canary Islands using a Ford 4-AT Trimotor (M-CKKA),"
"Dan-Air Flight 1008 Dan-Air Flight 1008 was a fatal accident involving a Boeing 727-46 jet aircraft operated by Dan Air Services Limited on a non-scheduled international passenger service from Manchester to Tenerife. The crash, which occurred on 25 April 1980 in a forest on Tenerife's mount La Esperanza while the aircraft's flight deck crew wrongly executed an unpublished holding pattern in an area of very high ground, resulted in the aircraft's destruction and the deaths of all 146 on board (138 passengers and eight crew). Flight 1008 was Dan-Air's second major accident in 10 years and the worst accident killing"
"airport (later named Tenerife North Airport) on the nearby island of Tenerife. The resulting runway congestion on the small regional airport was a factor in the subsequent disaster at Los Rodeos, when just after 5:00 p.m. two Boeing 747s originally bound for Gran Canaria collided on the Los Rodeos runway, resulting in 583 deaths, the worst aviation accident in history. Gran Canaria Airport Gran Canaria Airport , (sometimes also known as Gando Airport), () is a passenger and freight airport on the island of Gran Canaria. It is an important airport within the Spanish air-transport network (owned and managed by"
"foggy runway at Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport), on the Spanish island of Tenerife, Canary Islands, killing 583 people, making it the deadliest accident in aviation history. Before takeoff, the KLM flight engineer expressed his concern about the Pan Am not being clear of the runway by asking the pilots in his own cockpit, ""Is he not clear, that Pan American?"" The KLM captain emphatically replied ""Oh, yes"" and continued with the takeoff, snubbing the junior officer's concern. This event led to widespread establishment of crew resource management as a fundamental part of airline pilots' training. On approach"
"the proximity radar until seconds before impact. 1983 TAME 737-200 crash The 1983 TAME Boeing 737-200 crash was an aviation incident in which a Boeing 737-2V2 Advanced, operated by the Ecuadorian national airline TAME, which was flying on a domestic route from the now-closed Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito to Mariscal Lamar Airport in Cuenca, crashed into a hill during final approach just one mile (1.6 km) from its final destination, killing all 119 people on board. The crash was the first and deadliest crash in the history of TAME, and it remains as the deadliest plane crash in"
"it: The capital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife and San Cristóbal de La Laguna (a World Heritage Site). San Cristóbal de La Laguna, the second city of the island is home to the oldest university in the Canary Islands, the University of La Laguna. The Teide, with its is the highest peak of Spain and also a World Heritage Site. Tenerife is the site of the worst air disaster in the history of aviation, in which 583 people were killed in the collision of two Boeing 747s on 27 March 1977. The economy is based primarily on tourism, which makes up"
"aircraft, diverted to Los Rodeos Airport on Tenerife because of a bomb scare at Las Palmas. After Las Palmas airport reopened, the diverted aircraft began preparations for departure. ""Clipper Victor"" was instructed to taxi along the active runway after the preceding KLM. Although visibility was extremely poor due to thick fog, the pilot of the KLM aircraft (also a Boeing 747) commenced takeoff without clearance and collided with the Pan Am airplane still taxiing on the runway. A total of 583 people were killed. 335 passengers on the Pan Am plane died while 61 survived. On September 5, 1986 a"
"""armed struggle"" CIIM bombed the offices of South African Airways in Las Palmas on 3 January 1977, its first attack. CIIM terrorists bombed a florist shop in Las Palmas Airport on 27 March 1977, injuring eight people. Members then threatened to explode a second bomb in the airport, forcing police to shut down air traffic while they searched for the bomb. The chain of events forced the closing of the airport, diverting traffic to the Los Rodeos airport in Tenerife, away, and contributed to the Los Rodeos airplane accident when two Boeing 747 airliners collided resulting in the death of"
"is located near the metropolitan area Santa Cruz-La Laguna (423,000 inhabitants). It serves inter-insular flights as well as national and European flights, and for the last two years, a weekly service to Venezuela. Reina Sofía Airport (south) is the busiest Airport in Tenerife, ranking 7th in Spain. It typically serves the mass of regular and vacation charter flights constantly arriving from most of Europe. Los Rodeos Airport was also the site of the Tenerife Airport Disaster, which killed 583 people and is the deadliest aviation accident in history. The other way to arrive on Tenerife is by ferry, either to"
"1983 TAME 737-200 crash The 1983 TAME Boeing 737-200 crash was an aviation incident in which a Boeing 737-2V2 Advanced, operated by the Ecuadorian national airline TAME, which was flying on a domestic route from the now-closed Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito to Mariscal Lamar Airport in Cuenca, crashed into a hill during final approach just one mile (1.6 km) from its final destination, killing all 119 people on board. The crash was the first and deadliest crash in the history of TAME, and it remains as the deadliest plane crash in the history of Ecuador. An investigation later"
"not been cleared below . A memorial in Southern Cemetery, Manchester commemorates the victims of the disaster, whose names are inscribed on a series of slate tablets within a small grassed enclosure. Dan-Air Flight 1008 Dan-Air Flight 1008 was a fatal accident involving a Boeing 727-46 jet aircraft operated by Dan Air Services Limited on a non-scheduled international passenger service from Manchester to Tenerife. The crash, which occurred on 25 April 1980 in a forest on Tenerife's mount La Esperanza while the aircraft's flight deck crew wrongly executed an unpublished holding pattern in an area of very high ground, resulted"
"Madrid runway disaster The Madrid runway disaster was the collision on 7 December 1983 of two aircraft on the ground at Madrid–Barajas Airport. A departing Iberia Boeing 727 struck an Aviaco McDonnell Douglas DC-9, causing the deaths of 93 passengers and crew. On 7 December 1983, a Boeing 727 of Iberia (Spain's state airline) registered ""EC-CFJ"", operating Iberia Flight 350, a scheduled flight to Rome's Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport, was cleared for take-off from Madrid-Barajas Airport's Runway 01 in conditions of thick fog. At the same time, a DC-9 of Aviaco registered ""EC-CGS"", operating Aviaco Flight 134, was taxiing to"
"passengers, 1 crew member) of the 93 on board the Boeing 727 were killed. Among those killed in the DC-9 were Mexican actress Fanny Cano and South African pianist Marc Raubenheimer. Investigators found that the Boeing 727 and DC-9 had collided due to the poor visibility at the airport, as well as inadequate signs and markings, which led to the DC-9 entering the runway without clearance as the Boeing 727 was taking off. Madrid runway disaster The Madrid runway disaster was the collision on 7 December 1983 of two aircraft on the ground at Madrid–Barajas Airport. A departing Iberia Boeing"
"he touched down on a parallel taxiway and ultimately collided with a Pan Am 727–200 that was taxiing on this taxiway. Baines lost his life in the accident. He was the only fatality. No other injuries were reported. ""Clipper Victor"", which was the first Boeing 747 to carry fare-paying passengers in 1970 (N736PA), was involved in the Tenerife disaster on March 27, 1977, the deadliest aviation accident in history. On that day, ""Clipper Victor"" operated a charter flight, PA 1736, from Los Angeles to Las Palmas in the Canary Islands, Spain, via New York. The aircraft, along with many other"
"Copa Airlines Flight 201 Copa Airlines Flight 201 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight from Tocumen International Airport in Panama City, Panama to Alfonso Bonilla Aragón International Airport in Cali, Colombia. On 6 June 1992, the Boeing 737-204 Advanced operating the route flipped, disintegrated in mid-air, and crashed into the jungle of the Darién Gap 29 minutes after takeoff, killing all 47 people on board. The in-flight break-up was caused by faulty instrument readings and several other contributing factors, including incomplete training. Flight 201 is the deadliest accident in Panamanian aviation history, and also the first (and to date, only)"
"It was flying in formation with a Beech 200 (HC-BHG), which also crashed into the mountain. Fifteen passengers and three crew members on the Twin Otter died. On July 11, 1983, a TAME Boeing 737–200 with registration HC-BIG crashed while on final approach to Mariscal Lamar Airport in Cuenca. The crash was caused by the crew's lack of training in the aircraft type. All 119 people on board were killed. This was the most lethal event in the history of Ecuadorian aviation. (See TAME 737-200 crash). On November 20, 1984, a TAME de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 crashed"
"1953 Mediterranean Sea mid-air collision On 15 January 1953, a twin-engined Vickers Valetta transport aircraft of the Royal Air Force (RAF), serial number VX562, collided over the Mediterranean Sea with a four-engined RAF Avro Lancaster maritime patrol aircraft. All 26 people on board both aircraft were killed. The Valetta had departed RAF Luqa with 16 passengers (15 airmen and one Royal Navy (RN) sailor) on a return flight to the United Kingdom. Just before 05:00, the Valleta was between Pantelleria and Sicily when it collided with the Lancaster in poor visibility and heavy rain. The Lancaster from No. 38 Squadron"
"583 people. it is the deadliest accident in aviation history. In 1979 the CIIM (MPAIAC) made a formal declaration renouncing the ""armed struggle"". Antonio Cubillo, secretary general of the movement, denied responsibility for the accident, saying ""[t]hat was the fault of the control tower at Las Palmas. We had nothing to do with it."" He also noted that the group had warned tourists to stay away from the Canaries. Canary Islands Independence Movement The Canary Islands Independence Movement (CIIM), also known as the Movement for the Independence and Self-determination of the Canaries Archipelago (, MPAIAC), is a defunct independentist organization"
"who died were industrialist and Coventry City Football Club vice-president John Clarkson, and Donald ""Doc"" Campbell of the Campbell Aircraft Company, builder of autogyros. A mass grave and memorial for 19 of the deceased is located north of the crash site at in Brookwood Cemetery, Brookwood, Surrey. The nationality of the 37 casualties are listed below. Iberia Airlines Flight 062 Iberia Airlines Flight 062 was a twin-engined Sud Aviation Caravelle registered ""EC-BDD"" operating a scheduled flight from Málaga Airport, Spain, to London Heathrow Airport. While on approach to Heathrow on 4 November 1967, the Caravelle descended far below the flight"
"the first edge lights and stopping right next to the N-340. Subsequent investigation into the accident revealed that, shortly after the initial engine failure, the First Officer inadvertently shut down both of the aircraft's engines, leading to a total loss of power. Four out of the 44 people on board were killed, including the pilot Capt. Fdez. Ruano. The aircraft was scrapped. Binter Mediterraneo Binter Mediterraneo was a Spanish airline with its head office in the Domestic Departures area of Málaga Airport in Málaga, Spain., the airline was created in 1988 in the likeness of Binter Canarias, another a subsidiary"
"At about 10:30 p.m. on 20 December 1987, the two vessels collided in the open sea in the vicinity of Dumali Point in Tablas Strait between Marinduque and Oriental Mindoro. As the two vessels collided, ""Vector""<nowiki>'s</nowiki> cargo ignited and caused a fire that spilled into the water and rapidly spread to ""Doña Paz"", which sank within hours. ""Vector"" also sank shortly afterwards. Two of the 13 crew members aboard ""Vector"" (Franklin Bornilio and Reynaldo Taripe) survived but all 58 crew of ""Doña Paz"" died. The official death toll on the ferry is 1,565, although some reports claim that the ferry"
"place in the township of Mejorada del Campo, approximately 7.5 miles southeast of the Madrid Airport. The time of the accident was approximately 00:06 on 27 November 1983. The plane hit three different hills on its way down during the crash, with the third hill being the final impact. The debris of the airplane was widely scattered as a consequence of the three impacts. The crash killed 158 passengers, 19 crew members and 4 off-duty crew members. 11 were seriously injured. Of the injured people, nine were ejected out of the airplane, a few of them with their seats still"
"Tenerife North Airport was closed, stranding hundreds of passengers for the duration of the storm. The Education Board of the Canary Islands Government suspended Tuesday classes for all non-university schools for 320,000 students. The shipping company Fred Olsen suspended services linking the islands of Tenerife and La Palma and La Gomera. On the island of El Hierro the exposed road to Sabinosa Health Center was closed as a precaution. Delta caused considerable damage in the Canary Islands. The storm claimed nineteen lives and caused a total of €312 million ($364 million 2005 US dollars) damage throughout the archipelago. Eighteen died"
"Widerøe Flight 933 Widerøe Flight 933, also known as the Mehamn Accident (), was the crash of a de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter operated by Norwegian airline Widerøe. The Twin Otter crashed into the Barents Sea off Gamvik, Norway on 11 March 1982 at 13:27, killing all fifteen people on board. The results of the four official investigations were that the accident was caused by structural failure of the vertical stabilizer during clear-air turbulence. A mechanical fault in the elevator control system caused the pilots to lose control of pitch); and either a series of stalls or a high-speed"
"TAME Flight 120 TAME Flight 120 was a Boeing 727-134 airliner, registration HC-BLF, named ""El Oro"", operating as a scheduled international passenger flight between Quito, Ecuador and Cali, Colombia, with a scheduled stopover at the Ecuadorian border town of Tulcán. The aircraft crashed while on approach to Tulcán's Teniente Coronel Luis A. Mantilla International Airport on January 28, 2002. The pilot flew the approach incorrectly in reportedly foggy conditions, and the aircraft flew into the side of the Cumbal Volcano, located near Ipiales, Colombia, at 10:23 in the morning. All passengers and crew were killed in the crash. The Boeing"
"Cubana de Aviación Flight 389 Cubana de Aviación Flight 389 (CU389/CUB389) was a scheduled domestic passenger flight, flying from Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito to Simón Bolívar International Airport (currently renamed as José Joaquín de Olmedo International Airport) in Guayaquil, operated by Cuban flag carrier Cubana de Aviación. On 29 August 1998, the aircraft operating the flight, a Tupolev Tu-154M overran the runway, smashing buildings and crashed into a soccer field in Quito while taking off from the airport. The aircraft burst into flames and 70 people on board were killed. A total of 10 people on the ground,"
"lightning strikes and rock falls; and 23 were the victims of homicides. In 1956, the Grand Canyon was the site of the deadliest commercial aviation disaster in history at the time. On the morning of June 30, 1956, a TWA Lockheed Super Constellation and a United Airlines Douglas DC-7 departed Los Angeles International Airport within three minutes of one another on eastbound transcontinental flights. Approximately 90 minutes later, the two propeller-driven airliners collided above the canyon while both were flying in unmonitored airspace. The wreckage of both planes fell into the eastern portion of the canyon, on Temple and Chuar"
"Avianca Flight 671 Avianca Flight 671 was a Lockheed Constellation that crashed and burned on landing at Montego Bay, Jamaica, on 21 January 1960, killing more than 25 people, making it the worst accident in Jamaican aviation history. The aircraft was a Lockheed L-1049E Super Constellation that was used by Avianca for its Bogota-Montego Bay routes. Avianca Flight 671, registration HK-177, was a Lockheed L-1049E Super Constellation en route from Miami International Airport to Sangster International Airport, Montego Bay, Jamaica. The plane made a heavy touchdown, bounced and landed back on the runway, then skidded down the runway in flames,"
"Aviation English Aviation English is the ""de facto"" international language of civil aviation. With the expansion of air travel in the 20th century, there were safety concerns about the ability of pilots and air traffic controllers to communicate. In 1951, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommended in ""ICAO Annex 10 ICAO (Vol I, 5.2.1.1.2) to the International Chicago Convention"" that English be universally used for ""international aeronautical radiotelephony communications."" Despite being a recommendation only, ICAO aviation English was widely accepted. Miscommunication has been an important factor in many aviation accidents. Examples include the Tenerife accident in 1977 (583 dead)"
"deaths. Few crashes have been attributed to design flaws of the 747. The Tenerife airport disaster resulted from pilot error and communications failure, while the Japan Airlines Flight 123 and China Airlines Flight 611 crashes stemmed from improper aircraft repair. United Airlines Flight 811, which suffered an explosive decompression mid-flight on February 24, 1989, led the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) to issue a recommendation that 747-200 cargo doors similar to those on the Flight 811 aircraft be modified. Korean Air Lines Flight 007 was shot down by a Soviet fighter aircraft in 1983 after it had strayed into Soviet"
"West Caribbean Airways Flight 9955 West Caribbean Airways Flight 9955 was a scheduled flight between Isla de Providencia and San Andres Island, Colombia that crashed on 25 March 2005, killing 9 of the 14 passengers and crew on board. The aircraft, a Let L-410 Turbolet, had just taken off from El Embrujo Airport at 9:50, when the left engine flamed out. The crew continued with the takeoff, but the speed of the aircraft decreased rapidly. The aircraft then banked dangerously too far to the right and stalled. The aircraft crashed into a mangrove forest, located just from the airport runway."