What is the more common name for the condition Circadian Dysrhythmia?
"NTSB cites this as contributing to many accidents and has conducted several research studies in order to find methods of combating fatigue in pilots. Disruption to rhythms usually has a negative effect. Many travelers have experienced the condition known as jet lag, with its associated symptoms of fatigue, disorientation, and insomnia. A number of other disorders, for example bipolar disorder and some sleep disorders such as delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD), are associated with irregular or pathological functioning of circadian rhythms. Disruption to rhythms in the longer term is believed to have significant adverse health consequences on peripheral organs outside"
"and mortality, in industrialized countries. Cardiac arrhythmia Cardiac arrhythmia, also known as ""cardiac dysrhythmia"" or ""irregular heartbeat"", is a group of conditions in which the heartbeat is irregular, too fast, or too slow. A heart rate that is too fast – above 100 beats per minute in adults – is called tachycardia and a heart rate that is too slow – below 60 beats per minute – is called bradycardia. Many types of arrhythmia have no symptoms. When symptoms are present these may include palpitations or feeling a pause between heartbeats. More seriously there may be lightheadedness, passing out, shortness"
"Though often referred to as non-24, for example by the FDA, the disorder is also known as: non-24-hour sleep–wake syndrome or disorder, free running disorder (FRD), hypernychthemeral disorder, circadian rhythm sleep disorder – free-running type or nonentrained type, N24HSWD, Non-24-hour circadian rhythm disorder. The disorder in its extreme form is an invisible disability that can be ""extremely debilitating in that it is incompatible with most social and professional obligations"". The internal circadian clock, located in the hypothalamus of the brain, generates a signal that normally is slightly longer (occasionally shorter) than 24 hours, on average 24 hours and 11 minutes."
"Circadian rhythm sleep disorder Circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD) are a family of sleep disorders affecting (among other bodily processes) the timing of sleep. People with circadian rhythm sleep disorders are unable to go to sleep and awaken at the times commonly required for work and school as well as social needs. They are generally able to get enough sleep if allowed to sleep and wake at the times dictated by their ""body clocks"". The quality of their sleep is usually normal unless they also have another sleep disorder. Humans, like most living organisms, have various biological rhythms. Circadian rhythms,"
"Heart arrhythmia Heart arrhythmia (also known as arrhythmia, dysrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat) is a group of conditions in which the heartbeat is irregular, too fast, or too slow. A heart rate that is too fast – above 100 beats per minute in adults – is called tachycardia and a heart rate that is too slow – below 60 beats per minute – is called bradycardia. Many types of arrhythmia have no symptoms. When symptoms are present these may include palpitations or feeling a pause between heartbeats. In more serious cases there may be lightheadedness, passing out, shortness of breath, or"
"Circadian rhythm A circadian rhythm () is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours. These 24-hour rhythms are driven by a circadian clock, and they have been widely observed in plants, animals, fungi, and cyanobacteria. The term ""circadian"" comes from the Latin ""circa"", meaning ""around"" (or ""approximately""), and ""diēm"", meaning ""day"". The formal study of biological temporal rhythms, such as daily, tidal, weekly, seasonal, and annual rhythms, is called chronobiology. Processes with 24-hour oscillations are more generally called diurnal rhythms; strictly speaking, they should not be called circadian rhythms unless their endogenous nature is"
"Thalamocortical dysrhythmia Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia (TCD) is a theoretical framework in which neuroscientists try to explain the positive and negative symptoms induced by neurological disorders like Parkinson's Disease, neurogenic pain, tinnitus and Epilepsy. In TCD, normal thalamocortical resonance is disrupted by changes in the behaviour of neurons in the thalamus.<br> TCD can be treated with neurosurgical methods like the central lateral thalamotomy, which due to its invasiveness is only used on patients that have proven resistant to conventional therapies. At the base of the theory lies diminished excitatory or increased inhibitory input at the thalamic level. This leads to a switch"
"case medical terminology calls it ""vasospastic syndrome"". Over the years, it has been established that these spasms are usually part of a general dysregulation of blood vessels. These dysregulations can occur in spasms as well as in excessive or insufficient dilation of arteries, veins, and capillaries. The blood vessels of individuals suffering from vasospastic syndrome respond to stimuli insufficiently. If an identifiable disease does not cause this, it is called a primary vascular dysregulation (PVD); in case of an underlying disease it is called secondary PVD. PVD is almost always associated with other vascular and non-vascular symptoms and signs. This"
"asthenia, primary neurasthenia, subacute asthenia and irritable heart. The World Health Organization classifies this condition as a somatoform autonomic dysfunction (a type of psychosomatic disorder) in their ICD-10 coding system. In their ICD-9 system, it was classified under non-psychotic mental disorders. The syndrome is also frequently interpreted as one of a number of imprecisely characterized ""postwar syndromes"". There are many names for the syndrome, which has variously been called cardiac neurosis, chronic asthenia, effort syndrome, functional cardiovascular disease, neurocirculatory asthenia, primary neurasthenia, and subacute asthenia. Da Costa himself called it ""irritable heart"" and the term ""soldier's heart"" was in common"
"Sick sinus syndrome Sick sinus syndrome (SSS), also called sinus dysfunction, or sinoatrial node disease (""SND""), is a group of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) presumably caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker. Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome in which the arrhythmia alternates between slow and fast heart rates. Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is often associated with ischemic heart disease and heart valve disease. Even though many types of sick sinus syndrome produce no symptoms, a person may present with one or more of the following signs and symptoms: It can result in many"
"the dysrhythmia, and with the specific disorder differentiated by the spatial/topographic networks involved. While it is not clear how this happens in detail, surgical intervention by means of lesioning small parts of the central lateral thalamic areas has proven successful as a therapy for Parkinson's Disease as well as neurogenic pain. Neurofeedback, where the brain is trained to emphasise and de-emphasise brain wave frequencies, amplitudes and coherence can be an effective noninvasive therapy. Thalamocortical dysrhythmia Thalamocortical Dysrhythmia (TCD) is a theoretical framework in which neuroscientists try to explain the positive and negative symptoms induced by neurological disorders like Parkinson's Disease,"
"Coronary artery disease Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases. Types include stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Occasionally it may feel like heartburn. Usually symptoms occur with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and improve with rest. Shortness of breath may also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. In many cases, the first sign is a heart attack. Other"
"Hypsarrhythmia Hypsarrhythmia is very chaotic and disorganized brain electrical activity with no recognizable pattern, whereas a normal brain electrical activity shows clear separation between each signal and visible pattern. It is an abnormal interictal pattern, consisting of high amplitude and irregular waves and spikes in a background of chaotic and disorganized activity seen on electroencephalogram (EEG), and frequently encountered in an infant diagnosed with infantile spasms, although it can be found in other conditions. Gibbs and Gibbs described hypsarhythmia (originally spelled with one 'r') in 1952 as ""...random high voltage waves and spikes. These spikes vary from moment to moment,"
"Peripheral artery disease Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an abnormal narrowing of arteries other than those that supply the heart or brain. When narrowing occurs in the heart, it is called coronary artery disease, and in the brain, it is called cerebrovascular disease. Peripheral artery disease most commonly affects the legs, but other arteries may also be involved. The classic symptom is leg pain when walking which resolves with rest, known as intermittent claudication. Other symptoms include skin ulcers, bluish skin, cold skin, or abnormal nail and hair growth in the affected leg. Complications may include an infection or tissue"
"confirmed. Although circadian rhythms are endogenous (""built-in"", self-sustained), they are adjusted (entrained) to the local environment by external cues called zeitgebers (from German, ""time giver""), which include light, temperature and redox cycles. In medical science, an abnormal circadian rhythm in humans is known as circadian rhythm disorder. In 2017, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Young ""for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm"" in fruit flies. The earliest recorded account of a circadian process dates from the 4th century BC, when Androsthenes, a ship captain"
"but are unable to sleep and awaken at socially preferred times. Circadian rhythm abnormalities are extremely commonly co-morbid with ADHD, especially in the form of sleep initiation insomnia. These conditions have been genetically linked by findings of polymorphism in genes in common between those apparently involved in ADHD and those involved in the circadian rhythm and a high proportion of DSPD among those with ADHD; however, no specific or further cause-effect relationship has been proven. As of October 1, 2005, the diagnostic codes for circadian rhythm sleep disorders were changed from the 307 group to the 327 group in the"
"psychological and functional difficulties and are often misdiagnosed and incorrectly treated doctors are unaware of their existence"". One of these disorders is extrinsic (from Latin ""extrinsecus"", from without, on the outside) or circumstantial: Formerly, jet lag, too, was classified as an extrinsic type circadian rhythm disorder. Four of them are intrinsic (from Latin ""intrinsecus"", on the inside, inwardly), ""built-in"": Among people with healthy circadian clocks, there is a continuum of chronotypes from ""larks"", ""morning people"", who prefer to sleep and wake early, to ""owls"", ""evening people"" or ""night people"", who prefer to sleep late at night and wake at late"
"pacemaker activity or a disturbance in impulse propagation, or both. [6] Arrhythmias can be caused by various conditions including ischemia, hypoxia, pH disruptions, B adrenergic activation, drug interactions or the presence of diseased tissue. [5] These events can trigger the development of ectopic pacemaker in the heart, which emit abnormal impulses at random times during the cardiac cycle. An arrhythmia can present itself as either bradycardia or tachycardia. [5] Untreated arrhythmias may progress to atrial fibrillation or ventricular fibrillation. [5] Treatment is aimed at normalizing cardiac rhythm by altering ion flow across the membrane. Antiarrhythmic agents can reduce arrhythmia related"
"Cyclothymia Cyclothymia, also known as cyclothymic disorder, is a mental disorder that involves periods of symptoms of depression and periods of symptoms of hypomania. These symptoms however are not sufficient to be a major depressive episode or a hypomanic episode. Symptoms must last for more than one or two years. The cause is unknown. Risk factors include a family history of bipolar disorder. Cyclothymia differs from bipolar in that major depression, mania, or hypomania have never occurred. Treatment is generally with counselling and mood stabilizers such as lithium. It is estimated that 0.7% of people have cyclothymia at some point"
"short term for those who have frequent life-threatening abnormal heart rhythms, while quinidine may be used longer term. Testing people's family members may be recommended. The condition affects between 1 and 30 per 10,000 people. It is more common in males than females and in those of Asian descent. The onset of symptoms is usually in adulthood. It is named after the Spanish cardiologists Pedro and Josep Brugada who described the condition in 1992. Their brother Ramon Brugada was the first to describe one potential genetic cause in 1998. While many of those with Brugada syndrome do not have any"
"efforts such as the Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool. Circasemidian rhythm In chronobiology, a circasemidian rhythm is a physiological arousal cycle that peaks twice in a 24-hour day. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human circadian rhythms in many measures of performance and physiological activity have a 2-peak daily (circasemidian) pattern. The word, circasemidian, is based upon the Latin words ""circa"" (""about""), ""semi"" (""half"") and ""dia"" (""day""). Thus, this is a rhythm that has two cycles per day, and some investigators have referred to it as the semicircadian rhythm. It usually serves to (1) deepen the pre-dawn nadir in body temperature and"
"to be disrupted. The stabilization of sleep and the circadian rhythm might possibly help to reduce the vulnerability to addiction and reduce the chances of relapse. Circadian rhythms and clock genes expressed in brain regions outside the suprachiasmatic nucleus may significantly influence the effects produced by drugs such as cocaine. Moreover, genetic manipulations of clock genes profoundly affect cocaine's actions. In 2017, Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael W. Young, and Michael Rosbash were awarded Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ""for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm"". Circadian rhythm A circadian rhythm () is any biological process that"
"the past, cyclothymia has been conceptualized to include other characteristics in addition to the flux between depression and hypomania, such as mood reactivity, impulsivity, and anxiety. Cyclothymia, known today as cyclothymic disorder, tends to be underdiagnosed due to its low intensity. The exact rates for cyclothymia have not been widely studied. Some studies estimate the that between 5 and 8% are affected at some point in their life whereas other studies suggest a rate ranging from 0.4 to 2.5%. Males and females appear to be affected equally often, though women are more likely to receive treatment. Cyclothymia is diagnosed in"
"Delayed sleep phase disorder Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD), more often known as delayed sleep phase syndrome and also as delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, is a chronic dysregulation of a person's circadian rhythm (biological clock), compared to those of the general population and societal norms. The disorder affects the timing of sleep, peak period of alertness, the core body temperature rhythm, and hormonal and other daily cycles. People with DSPD generally fall asleep some hours after midnight and have difficulty waking up in the morning. People with DSPD probably have a circadian period significantly longer than 24 hours. Depending on"
"Circasemidian rhythm In chronobiology, a circasemidian rhythm is a physiological arousal cycle that peaks twice in a 24-hour day. Numerous studies have demonstrated that human circadian rhythms in many measures of performance and physiological activity have a 2-peak daily (circasemidian) pattern. The word, circasemidian, is based upon the Latin words ""circa"" (""about""), ""semi"" (""half"") and ""dia"" (""day""). Thus, this is a rhythm that has two cycles per day, and some investigators have referred to it as the semicircadian rhythm. It usually serves to (1) deepen the pre-dawn nadir in body temperature and cognitive performance, (2) create a flat spot during"
"Re-entry ventricular arrhythmia Re-entry ventricular arrhythmia is a type of paroxysmal tachycardia occurring in the ventricle where the cause of the arrhythmia is due to the electric signal not completing the normal circuit, but rather an alternative circuit looping back upon itself. There develops a self-perpetuating rapid and abnormal activation. (""Circus Movement"" is another term for this.) Conditions necessary for re-entry include a combination of unidirectional block and slowed conduction. Circus movement may also occur on a smaller scale within the AV node (dual AV nodal physiology), a large bypass tract is not necessary. Re-entry is divided into two major"
"Central cord syndrome Central cord syndrome (CCS) is the most common form of cervical spinal cord injury. It is characterized by loss of motion and sensation in arms and hands. It usually results from trauma which causes damage to the neck, leading to major injury to the central grey matter of the spinal cord. The syndrome is more common in people over the age of 50 because osteoarthritis in the neck region causes weakening of the vertebrae. CCS most frequently occurs among older persons with cervical spondylosis, however, it also may occur in younger individuals. CCS is the most common"
"Auditory arrhythmia Auditory arrhythmia is the inability to rhythmically perform music, to keep time, and to replicate musical or rhythmic patterns. It has been caused by damage to the cerebrum or rewiring of the brain. An individual with this condition has an especially difficult time maintaining a steady beat, and even has difficulty following along to a steady rhythm. Before it was a known disorder, it was thought that these individuals were just severely uncoordinated, and therefore were unable to follow along with the music. It has been discovered recently that problems with rhythm in Schizophrenia, Parkinson's, and Attention Deficit"
"Disseminated intravascular coagulation Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body, blocking small blood vessels. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, leg pain, problems speaking, or problems moving parts of the body. As clotting factors and platelets are used up, bleeding may occur. This may include blood in the urine, blood in the stool, or bleeding into the skin. Complications may include organ failure. Relatively common causes include sepsis, surgery, major trauma, cancer, and complications of pregnancy. Less common causes include snake bites, frostbite, and burns. There are two main types:"
"some cases terminates by themselves, causing a blackout from which the person then recovers. However, if the abnormal heart rhythm continues, it can degenerate into a more dangerous arrhythmia known as ventricular fibrillation causing a cardiac arrest, and if untreated, sudden death. There are typically very few abnormal signs on clinical examination in persons with CPVT. However, those with CPVT may develop a less serious heart rhythm disturbance called atrial fibrillation, which can be detected on examination as an irregular pulse. Furthermore, approximately 20% of those with CPVT have a slow resting heart rate known as a sinus bradycardia. The"
"20-50 percent of people with depression, anxiety, and related disorders also have cyclothymia. When people with cyclothymia seek mental health resources it tends to be for symptoms of their comorbid condition rather than for their symptoms of cyclothymia. In children and adolescents, the most common comorbidities with cyclothymia are anxiety disorders, impulse control issues, eating disorders, and ADHD. In adults, cyclothymia also tends to be comorbid with impulse control issues. Sensation-seeking behaviors occur in hypomanic states. These often include gambling and compulsive sexuality in men, or compulsive buying and binge eating in women. In addition to sensation-related disorders, cyclothymia has"
"""Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision"" (DSM-IV-TR) to reflect the moving of these disorders from the Mental Disorders section to the Neurological section in the ""International Classification of Diseases"" (ICD-9).. Possible treatments for circadian rhythm sleep disorders include: Circadian rhythm sleep disorder Circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD) are a family of sleep disorders affecting (among other bodily processes) the timing of sleep. People with circadian rhythm sleep disorders are unable to go to sleep and awaken at the times commonly required for work and school as well as social needs. They are generally able to"
"cause is often a non-specific, scar-like degeneration of the cardiac conduction system. Cardiac surgery, especially to the atria, is a common cause of sick sinus syndrome in children. Sick sinus syndrome Sick sinus syndrome (SSS), also called sinus dysfunction, or sinoatrial node disease (""SND""), is a group of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) presumably caused by a malfunction of the sinus node, the heart's primary pacemaker. Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is a variant of sick sinus syndrome in which the arrhythmia alternates between slow and fast heart rates. Tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome is often associated with ischemic heart disease and heart valve disease. Even though"