The ultra left-wing group Red Army Faction associated with the names Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof was active in what country in the later part of the 20th century?
"before his Red Army Faction (RAF) involvement. He was one of the few members of the RAF movement who did not attend a university. In 1968 Baader and his girlfriend Gudrun Ensslin were convicted of the arson bombing of a department store in Frankfurt am Main to protest what they regarded as the public's ""indifference to the genocide in Vietnam"". DM675,000 in damage was caused; no-one was injured or killed. After being sentenced, Baader and Ensslin fled in November 1969. They were smuggled out of West Germany by sympathizers and made the tour of the left-wing communities of France, Switzerland,"
"Red Army Faction The Red Army Faction (RAF; German: '), also known as the Baader-Meinhof Group or Baader-Meinhof Gang (), was a West German far-left militant organization founded in 1970. Key early figures included Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, Horst Mahler and Ulrike Meinhof, among others. Ulrike Meinhof was involved in Baader's escape from jail in 1970. The West German government as well as most Western media and literature considered the Red Army Faction to be a terrorist organization. The Red Army Faction engaged in a series of bombings, assassinations, kidnappings, bank robberies and shoot-outs with police over the course of"
"Andreas Baader Berndt Andreas Baader (6 May 1943 – 18 October 1977) was one of the first leaders of the West German left-wing militant organization Red Army Faction, also commonly known as ""the Baader-Meinhof Group"". Andreas Baader was born in Munich on 6 May 1943. He was the only child of historian and archivist Dr. Berndt Phillipp Baader and Anneliese Hermine ""Nina"" (Kröcher). Berndt Baader served in the German Wehrmacht, was captured on the Russian Front in 1945, and never returned. Andreas was raised by his doting mother, aunt, and grandmother. Baader was a high school dropout and a bohemian"
"brain, a death mask was made of Baader. The brains of all but Meinhof have apparently been lost and cannot be accounted for by German authorities. Andreas Baader Berndt Andreas Baader (6 May 1943 – 18 October 1977) was one of the first leaders of the West German left-wing militant organization Red Army Faction, also commonly known as ""the Baader-Meinhof Group"". Andreas Baader was born in Munich on 6 May 1943. He was the only child of historian and archivist Dr. Berndt Phillipp Baader and Anneliese Hermine ""Nina"" (Kröcher). Berndt Baader served in the German Wehrmacht, was captured on the"
"Ulrike Meinhof Ulrike Marie Meinhof (7 October 1934 – 9 May 1976) was a West German far-left militant. She co-founded the Red Army Faction (""Rote Armee Fraktion"" or ""RAF"") in 1970, after having worked as a journalist for the monthly left-wing magazine ""konkret"". She was arrested in 1972, charged with numerous murders and the formation of a criminal association. In 1976, before the trial concluded, Meinhof was found hanged in her prison cell. The official statement claimed that Meinhof had committed suicide; however, several facts led to public controversy about her death. Ulrike Meinhof was born in 1934 in Oldenburg,"
"& Dorfmeister, and The Amalgamation of Soundz. The German duo Andreas Ammer and F.M. Einheit released an album in 1996 entitled ""Deutsche Krieger"", a substantial portion of which consists of audio recordings of and about Ulrike Meinhof. London-based experimental group Cindytalk have an electronic side-project called Bambule, named after the Meinhof film . Works of the Red Army Faction Books Films Ulrike Meinhof Ulrike Marie Meinhof (7 October 1934 – 9 May 1976) was a West German far-left militant. She co-founded the Red Army Faction (""Rote Armee Fraktion"" or ""RAF"") in 1970, after having worked as a journalist for the"
"Hitler's Children: The Story of the Baader-Meinhof Terrorist Gang Hitler's Children: The Story of the Baader-Meinhof Terrorist Gang is a 1977 book about the West German militant left-wing group, the Red Army Faction (also known as The Baader-Meinhof Gang), by the British author Jillian Becker. Note that neither the 1943 or 2012 films were on this subject. The first edition was published in June 1977 by J. B. Lippincott & Co. It recounts the deeds of the group up to the suicides of Ulrike Meinhof and Andreas Baader. A second expanded edition was published in January 1978 as a Panther"
"flying around the area. In spite of this, the arrested guerrillas had firearms smuggled to them. Ulrike Meinhof was found hanged on 9 May 1976. Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin and Jan-Carl Raspe reportedly committed suicide in the high security block during the night of 18 October 1977, which became known as the ""Death Night"" for the leaders of the Red Army Faction. Andreas Baader and Jan-Carl Raspe were said to have shot themselves, whereas Gudrun Ensslin apparently chose a method of supposed suicide similar to that of Ulrike Meinhof. A fourth member, Irmgard Möller, allegedly stabbed herself four times in"
"Gudrun Ensslin Gudrun Ensslin (; 15 August 1940 – 18 October 1977) was a founder of the West German far-left militant group Red Army Faction (""Rote Armee Fraktion"", or RAF, also known as the Baader-Meinhof Gang). After becoming involved with co-founder Andreas Baader, Ensslin was influential in the politicization of Baader's anarchistic beliefs. Ensslin was perhaps the intellectual head of the RAF. She was involved in five bomb attacks, with four deaths, was arrested in 1972 and died on 18 October 1977 in what has been called Stammheim Prison's ""Death Night"". Ensslin, the fourth of seven children, was born in"
"Baader Meinhof (album) Baader Meinhof is a 1996 album by Luke Haines, under the pseudonym Baader Meinhof. The name is taken from two of the main members of the Red Army Faction, Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof, and the album, composed of 10 tracks, tells the history of group, since the ideas that might have inspired the group (in the first track, there's a quote from the student movement leader Rudi Dutschke: ""Rudi said 'we got to be wise and we got to get armed'""), their first actions (""Burn Warehouse Burn""), their travel to Jordan (""Meet Me at the Airport""),"
"communism and far-left extremism. Ulrike later co-founded the Red Army Faction, also known as the RAF or the Baader-Meinhof Gang, together with Gudrun Ensslin, Andreas Baader, and Jan-Carl Raspe. Articles in ""konkret"" openly advocated sex with minors. His marriage with Ulrike was his second marriage. From his first marriage he also has a daughter Αnja Röhl, who in May 2010 accused him of sexual harassment against her. As a consequence of the radicalization in the late 1960s, and subsequent leftist terrorism, he turned away from Marxism and gave his magazine a more moderate tone. This led to a power struggle"
"in a choir and takes care of a friend's children. Monika Berberich has never distanced herself from the objectives and methods of the RAF. In 1995 she gave an interview to the BBC in which she characterised contemporary Germany as a ""fascist state"". Monika Berberich Monika Berberich is a convicted West German terrorist and a founding member of the Red Army Faction (RAF). She was involved in the violent Andreas Baader in 1970, and served a prison sentence between 1970 and 1988 in connection with it. Unlike some other former RAF members, she has never attempted to distance herself from"
"late 1970s, the municipal district of Stammheim was centre stage to one of the most controversial periods of German post-war history. Stammheim Prison, built from 1959 to 1963, came to be the place of incarceration for Ulrike Meinhof, Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, and Jan-Carl Raspe, members of a communist terrorist organization known as the Red Army Faction, during their trial at the Oberlandesgericht Stuttgart in 1975. Several attempts were made by the organization to free the terrorists during the ""German Autumn"" of 1977 that culminated in such events as the kidnap and murder of Hanns-Martin Schleyer and the hijacking of"
"The Baader Meinhof Complex The Baader Meinhof Complex () is a 2008 German film by Uli Edel in his first non-TV directorial project since 2000's ""The Little Vampire"". Written and produced by Bernd Eichinger, it stars Moritz Bleibtreu, Martina Gedeck, and Johanna Wokalek. The film is based on the 1985 German best selling non-fiction book of the same name by Stefan Aust. It retells the story of the early years of the West German far-left militant group the ""Rote Armee Fraktion"" (Red Army Fraction, or Red Army Faction, a.k.a. RAF) from 1967 to 1977. The film was nominated for Best"
"Monika Berberich Monika Berberich is a convicted West German terrorist and a founding member of the Red Army Faction (RAF). She was involved in the violent Andreas Baader in 1970, and served a prison sentence between 1970 and 1988 in connection with it. Unlike some other former RAF members, she has never attempted to distance herself from the goals and methods. Monika Berberich was born and grew up in Oberursel, a small town on the northern fringes of Frankfurt. Her upbringing was powerfully catholic. She studied jurisprudence at Frankfurt and West Berlin, emerging with a law degree. Her first serious"
"The Murder of Andreas Baader The Murder of Andreas Baader () is a 1978 painting by the Norwegian artist Odd Nerdrum. It depicts the speculative murder of Andreas Baader, one of the leaders of the terrorist organisation Red Army Faction, in the Stammheim Prison in 1977. The painting is in the collections of the Astrup Fearnley Museum of Modern Art in Oslo. Andreas Baader is partially naked in his cell in the Stammheim Prison. Two men hold Baader while a third lies beaten on the floor before him. A fourth man in trenchcoat executes Baader with a gun shot to"
"court on 12 February 2007 and Eva Haule was released 17 August 2007. Police in Europe investigating the whereabouts of Ernst-Volker Staub, Burkhard Garweg and Daniela Klette stated that a search has been made in Spain, France and Italy after initial reports suggested that they could be hiding in the Netherlands in 2017 after being suspected for masterminding robberies in supermarkets and cash transit vehicles in Wolfsburg and Cremilngen between 2011 and 2016. The usual translation into English is the Red Army ""Faction""; however, the founders wanted it not to reflect a splinter group but rather an embryonic militant unit"
"their capture, the hijacking of a Lufthansa airplane by the members of the ""second generation"" of the RAF, in 1977 (one of the events that marked the German Autumn) (""Mogadishu""). In 2014, British independent record label 3 Loop Music re-released the album on heavyweight 180gsm vinyl and as an Expanded CD Edition which included four remixes from a previously unreleased EP. Baader Meinhof (album) Baader Meinhof is a 1996 album by Luke Haines, under the pseudonym Baader Meinhof. The name is taken from two of the main members of the Red Army Faction, Andreas Baader and Ulrike Meinhof, and the"
"were able to reach the 5% minimum required to obtain parliamentary seats in the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen state election, and with the foundation of the national party in 1980 developed into one of the most politically successful green movements in the world. Another result of the unrest in the 1960s was the founding of the Red Army Faction (RAF). The RAF was active from 1968, carrying out a succession of terrorist attacks in West Germany during the 1970s. Even in the 1990s, attacks were still being committed under the name ""RAF"". The last action took place in 1993,"
"a German left-wing terrorist and journalist, co-founded the Red Army Faction and participated in a range of bombings and bank robberies. The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)'s Leila Khaled is considered to be the first women to hijack an airplane, drawing international attention. Fusako Shigenobu founded and led the Japanese Red Army, a communist militant group that conducted hijackings and massacres. A number of Italian women were active in Italian terrorist organizations between 1970-1984. Females played fundamental roles in Puerto Rican nationalist movements such as the Puerto Rican Armed Forces of National Liberation (FLAN) and Los Macheteros,"
"Wolfgang Grams Wolfgang Grams (March 6, 1953 – June 27, 1993) was a member of the Red Army Faction (RAF), a German far-left terrorist organisation. Wolfgang Grams was born in Wiesbaden, Germany. His parents, Werner and Ruth Grams, were expelled from the east. Werner Grams volunteered for service in the ""Waffen-SS"". They had another son, Rainer. During Grams' younger years, his family lived near the Wiesbaden Army Airfield, and he demonstrated against the Vietnam War. While living in a commune, he was given the nickname ""Gaks"". After the arrest of Andreas Baader and Gudrun Ensslin, he started visiting RAF prisoners"
"of APO activists such as Andreas Baader, Gudrun Ensslin, journalist Ulrike Meinhof resorted to arson in department stores and illegal underground work. They collaborated in the ""Rote Armee Fraktion"" (RAF) that was commonly known as the ""bewaffneten Widerstand"" (armed opposition). Bank robberies, kidnappings and even murders were committed against protagonists of businesses, politics and justice by the RAF, the ""Bewegung 2. Juni"" (Movement of the 2nd June) and the ""Revolutionären Zellen"" (Revolutionary Cells) until the 1980s. Außerparlamentarische Opposition The Außerparlamentarische Opposition (German for ""extra-parliamentary opposition"", commonly known as the APO), was a political protest movement in West Germany during the"
"still issuing commands from prison. In 1979 Haag was sentenced to 15 years in prison by a Stuttgart court. He was released in 1987 on account of ailing health and apparently regretted his previous life of terrorism. Siegfried Haag Siegfried Haag (born 13 March 1945) was a member of the West German terrorist Red Army Faction (RAF). He became a leading figure of the second generation of the group. After qualifying in 1973, Haag worked as a lawyer in Heidelberg and briefly defended Holger Meins in 1974 and Andreas Baader in 1975 during his trial at Stammheim. Haag was known"
"Red Army. In 1946, Hendel left the USSR using forged Polish papers; afraid that the KGB would track him down, he changed his surname to Lieberman. After short stays in Paris and London, in 1951 he settled in Brooklyn, New York, where he became a devoted Hasid, follower of Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson, the seventh Lubavitcher Rebbe. Hendel Lieberman's art is noted for its depiction of Jewish and Hasidic life and customs. His paintings hang in a number of museums including the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art, London’s Tate Gallery, and museums in Paris. The Chabad rock band ""Feter"
"that attempts to set out more correctly their prevailing ideology. It also included the first use of the name ""Rote Armee Fraktion"" and, in the publications of it, the first use of the RAF insignia. Her practical importance in the group, however, was often overstated by the media, the most obvious example being the common name ""Baader-Meinhof gang"" for the RAF. (Gudrun Ensslin is often considered to have been the effective female co-leader of the group rather than Meinhof.) On 14 June 1972, in Langenhagen, Fritz Rodewald, a teacher who had been providing accommodation to deserters from the U.S. Armed"
"Jan-Carl Raspe Jan-Carl Raspe (24 July 1944 – 18 October 1977) was a member of the German militant group, the Red Army Faction. Raspe was born in Seefeld in Tirol. He was described as gentle but had difficulty communicating with other people. His father claimed Jan-Carl couldn't stand violence. Although living in East Berlin, he went to West Berlin when the Berlin Wall was built in 1961, and stayed there, living with his uncle and aunt. He co-founded Kommune II in 1967 and joined the Red Army Faction, also known as the ""Baader-Meinhof Gang"", in 1970. On 1 June 1972,"
"violent actions, and the Red Army Faction. Ensslin became one of the most wanted people in Germany. In May 1971, Bernward Vesper committed suicide and Felix was sent to live with foster parents. Ensslin was arrested in a boutique on 8 June 1972 in Hamburg. The Red Army Faction's second generation made several attempts to free Ensslin and her comrades from prison. One attempt involved the kidnapping of Hanns-Martin Schleyer on 5 September 1977, and a proposed prisoner exchange. When this failed to work, the RAF orchestrated the hijacking of a Lufthansa airliner on 17 October. After the airplane was"
"in November of that year, the Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) demanded that they return to custody. Only Horst Söhnlein complied with the order; the rest went underground and made their way to France, where they stayed for a time in a house owned by prominent French journalist and revolutionary, Régis Debray, famous for his friendship with Che Guevara and the ""foco"" theory of guerrilla warfare. Eventually they made their way to Italy, where the lawyer Mahler visited them and encouraged them to return to Germany with him to form an underground guerrilla group. The Red Army Faction was formed with"
"Mohnhaupt, a member of the Red Army Faction (""Rote Armee Fraktion"" or R.A.F., a German terrorist group of Marxist ideology active from the late 1960s to 1998), and leader of its second generation. Also in 2008, Nadja Uhl participated in a TV production, also based on real events, about the Lufthansa Flight 181 hijacking (during the German Autumn of 1977), which was perpetrated by four terrorists of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine in collusion with the R.A.F. Here, Nadja Uhl plays flight attendant Gabriele Dillmann, who was one of the victims of the hijacking. Coincidentally, at the"
"that was embedded, in or part of, a wider communist workers' movement, i.e. a ""fraction"" of a whole. The group always called itself the ""Rote Armee Fraktion"", never the Baader-Meinhof Group or Gang. The name refers to all incarnations of the organization: the ""first generation"" RAF, which consisted of Baader, Ensslin, Meinhof, and others; the ""second generation"" RAF; and the ""third generation"" RAF, which existed in the 1980s and 90s. The terms ""Baader-Meinhof Gang"" and ""Baader-Meinhof Group"" were first used by the media and the government. The group never used these names to refer to itself, since it viewed itself"
"walk her home, leaving the bar with her. The woman was Birgit Hogefeld, a member of the Red Army Faction, a militant far-left organization that carried out attacks against American military targets in West Germany. Pimental was killed by a shot to the head in the nearby woods, and his U.S. military identification card was stolen. Pimental's identification card was used the next morning by a male Red Army Faction member to gain access to the Rhein-Main Air Base and place a car bomb. A Volkswagen Passat loaded with about 240 kg of explosives was detonated at the base, resulting"
"Der Staatsfeind"" (""Enemy of the State"") (2003); Ben Lewis's ""In Love With Terror"", for BBC Four (2003); and ""Ulrike Meinhof – Wege in den Terror"" (""Ways into Terror"") (2006). The 2010 feature documentary ""Children of the Revolution"" tells Ulrike Meinhof's story from the perspective of her daughter, journalist and historian Bettina Röhl, while Andres Veiel's 2011 feature film ""If Not Us, Who?"" provides a context for the RAF's origins through the perspective of Gudrun Ensslin's partner Bernward Vesper. In 2015, Jean-Gabriel Périot released his feature-length, found-footage documentary ""A German Youth"" on the Red Amy Faction. Red Army Faction The Red"
"Astrid Proll Astrid Huberta Isolde Marie Luise Hildegard Proll (born 29 May 1947) was an early member of the Red Army Faction (Baader-Meinhof Gang). Proll was the younger sister of Thorwald Proll. They were children of an architect. They met Andreas Baader and Gudrun Ensslin through him; Thorwald left the group relatively early in its history, after being involved in firebombings in Frankfurt in 1968. Proll was involved in bank robbery. She was the getaway driver for Andreas Baader when he escaped from police custody with the help of Gudrun Ensslin, Ulrike Meinhof, Ingrid Schubert, Irene Goergens in 1970. Proll,"