The Battle of Coral Sea in WWII in 1942 is notable for the first fleet action of what type of craft that are still in vogue?
"and ultimate outcome of the Pacific War. Battle of the Coral Sea The Battle of the Coral Sea, fought from 4 to 8 May 1942, was a major naval battle between the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and naval and air forces from the United States and Australia, taking place in the Pacific Theatre of World War II. The battle is historically significant as the first action in which aircraft carriers engaged each other, as well as the first in which neither side's ships sighted nor fired directly upon the other. In an attempt to strengthen their defensive position in the"
"to make the attacks, in the Battle of Coral Sea. Modern warships are generally divided into seven main categories, which are: aircraft carriers, cruisers, destroyers, frigates, corvettes, submarines and amphibious assault ships. Battleships comprise an eighth category, but are not in current service with any navy in the world. Only the deactivated American s still exist as potential combatants, and battleships in general are unlikely to re-emerge as a ship class without redefinition. The destroyer is generally regarded as the dominant surface-combat vessel of most modern blue-water navies. However, the once distinct roles and appearances of cruisers, destroyers, frigates, and"
"two ( and ) were converted into the United States' first fleet carriers. Both saw extensive action in World War II, with ""Lexington"" conducting a number of raids before being sunk during the Battle of Coral Sea and ""Saratoga"" serving in multiple campaigns in the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Though she was hit by torpedoes on two different occasions, ""Saratoga"" survived the war only to be sunk as a target ship during Operation Crossroads. As early as 1903, questions arose in the Naval War College (NWC) about the overall effectiveness of large armored cruisers such as the - and"
"the Battle of the Coral Sea, the world’s first engagement between aircraft carriers. On 7 May 1942, VF-2 escorted strike aircraft against the Japanese aircraft carrier Shōhō. VF-2 claimed 6 confirmed aerial kills and 3 probable kills. The next day, Japanese carriers Shokaku and Zuikaku exchanged air strikes with the US force, and VF-2 lost 5 aircraft while claiming 11 kills. succumbed to torpedo damage and was sunk, without an aircraft carrier, VF-2 was disestablished on 1 July 1942. VF-2 (1927-42) Fighter Squadron 2 or VF-2 was an aviation unit of the United States Navy. Originally established as VF-2 on"
"mast and raised and lowered by means of halyards. Modern warships carry a variety of rocket-powered missile weapons. Dedicated rocket ships were also occasionally used in the 20th century, such as the Landing Craft Tank (Rocket) used to support amphibious assaults in WWII. Rocket vessel A rocket vessel was a ship equipped with rockets as a weapon. The most famous ship of this type was HMS ""Erebus"", which at the Battle of Baltimore in 1814 provided the ""rockets' red glare"" that was memorialized by Francis Scott Key in The Star-Spangled Banner. Rocket vessels were also used by the Royal Navy"
"1797, built as one of the original six heavy frigates for the revived American navy, and the oldest warship still commissioned in the United States Navy. , a 1943 World War II-era ""Fletcher""-class destroyer serving as a museum ship, is also berthed here. The museum area includes a dock which is a stop on the MBTA Boat water transport system. Among local people in the area and the National Park Service, it is still known as the Charlestown Navy Yard. The South Boston Naval Annex was located along the waterfront in South Boston. The earliest naval shipbuilding activities in Charlestown,"
"""Pedestal"" on 13 August 1942. It seems that the torpedo that mortally struck Manchester was launched by M.S. 22 (TV Franco Mezzadra) from a distance of about 600 meters. Boats similar to torpedo boats are still in use, but are armed with long-range anti-ship missiles that can be used at ranges between 30 and 70 km. This reduces the need for high-speed chases and gives them much more room to operate in while approaching their targets. Aircraft are a major threat, making the use of boats against any fleet with air cover very risky. The low height of the radar"
"extremely successful as carriers and experience with the ""Lexington"" class convinced the Navy of the value of large carriers. They were the largest aircraft carriers in the USN until the s were completed beginning in 1945. The ships served in World War II, seeing action in many battles. Although was sunk in the first carrier battle in history (the Battle of the Coral Sea) in 1942, served throughout the war, despite being torpedoed twice, notably participating in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in mid-1942 where her aircraft sank the Japanese light carrier . She supported Allied operations in the"
"order the construction of small fleets of ocean-going concrete ships, the largest of which was the SS ""Selma"". Few concrete ships were completed in time to see wartime service during World War I, but during 1944 and 1945, concrete ships and barges were used to support U.S. and British invasions in Europe and the Pacific. Since the late 1930s, there have also been ferrocement pleasure boats. The oldest known ferrocement watercraft was a dinghy built by Joseph-Louis Lambot in Southern France in 1848. Lambot's boat was featured in the Exposition Universelle held in Paris in 1855. Beginning in the 1860s,"
"Sea, and the Battle of Midway that aircraft carriers and the planes that they carried had replaced the battleship as the greatest weapon on the seas. Leading navy aircraft in World War II included the Grumman F4F Wildcat, the Grumman F6F Hellcat, the Chance Vought F4U Corsair, the Douglas SBD Dauntless, and the Grumman TBF Avenger. Navy aircraft also played a significant role in conflicts during the following Cold War years, with the F-4 Phantom II and the F-14 Tomcat becoming military icons of the era. The navy's current primary fighter and attack airplanes are the multi-mission F/A-18C/D Hornet and"
"World War, despite their age. ""Calypso"" caught the German blockade-runner ""Konsul Hendrik Fisser"" in 1939. That same year, ""Caradoc"" intercepted the German tanker ""Emmy Friedrich"", whose crew subsequently scuttled her. A number of ships took part in the Norwegian campaign in 1940. The C class were also extensively used in the Mediterranean Sea; the first notable engagement by a ship of the class being ""Coventry""s participation in the Battle of Cape Spartivento in 1940. In 1941, ""Calcutta"" and ""Carlisle"" took part in the Battle of Cape Matapan, in which a number of Italian warships were sunk. C-class cruisers also took"
"USS Portland (CA-33) USS ""Portland"" (CL/CA–33), the lead ship of her class of cruiser, was the first ship of the United States Navy named after the city of Portland, Maine. Launched in 1932, she saw a number of training and goodwill cruises in the interwar period. In World War II, she saw extensive service beginning at the 1942 Battle of Coral Sea, where she escorted the aircraft carrier and picked up survivors from the sunken carrier . She screened for ""Yorktown"" again in the Battle of Midway, picking up her survivors as well. She then supported the carrier during the"
"an aerial-gunnery expert and World War II squadron and air group commander. As executive officer of Fighter Squadron 42 (VF-42), he was one of the key participants in the Battle of the Coral Sea in May 1942—the first carrier-vs.-carrier duel. A few days before, Flatley had been ordered back to the United States to form a new fighter squadron, but he managed to get permission to stay for the coming battle. Flatley was awarded the Navy Cross for ""extraordinary heroism and conspicuous courage"" during the Battle of the Coral Sea. After Coral Sea, he returned to the United States to"
"of destroyer flotillas and name these ships after famous land and sea battles, thus these ships became known as the 1942 Battle class. The first ten ships were ordered on 27 April 1942. These comprised ""Barfleur"", ""Trafalgar"" and ""St Kitts"" (with Swan Hunter, Wallsend); ""Armada"", ""Solebay"" and ""Saintes"" (with Hawthorn Leslie); ""Camperdown"" and ""Finisterre"" (with Fairfield, Govan); and ""Hogue"" and (with White, Cowes). The remaining six ships were ordered on 12 August 1942. These comprised ""Gabbard"" (with Swan Hunter); ""Gravelines"" and ""Sluys"" (with Cammell Laird); and ""Cadiz"", ""St James"" and ""Vigo"" (with Fairfield, Govan). The order for ""Hogue"" and ""Lagos"""
"their proficiency as mobile anti-ballistic missile and anti-satellite weaponry platforms. Of the 27 completed vessels, 19 were built by Ingalls Shipbuilding and eight by Bath Iron Works (BIW). All but one () of the ships in the class are named for noteworthy events in U.S. military history, and at least twelve—, , , , , , , , , , , , and —share their names with World War II aircraft carriers. In 2016, 22 ships were still active and expected to serve for 35 years since commissioning. One ship of the class, , became infamous in 1988 when, in"
"ship. The bow of , sunk on 12 February 1942 by German aircraft, rests below sea level in Valletta's Marsamxett Harbour, Malta, and is a popular scuba diving site. Tribal-class destroyer (1936) The Tribal class, or ""Afridi"" class, were a class of destroyers built for the Royal Navy, Royal Canadian Navy and Royal Australian Navy that saw service in World War II. Originally conceived during design studies for a light fleet cruiser, the Tribals evolved into fast, powerful destroyers, with greater emphasis on guns over torpedoes than previous destroyers, in response to new designs by Japan, Italy, and Germany. The"
"were in intermittent use in the Baltic Sea, with its short distances and extensive archipelagoes. There was a minor revival of galley warfare in the 18th century in the wars among Russia, Sweden and Denmark. The term ""galley"" derives from the medieval Greek ""galea"", a smaller version of the dromon, the prime warship of the Byzantine navy. The origin of the Greek word is unclear but could possibly be related to ""galeos"", dogfish shark. The word ""galley"" has been attested in English from c. 1300 and has been used in most European languages from around 1500 both as a general"
"retrospect many believe the claims were greatly overstated. Concrete barges also served in the Pacific during 1944 and 1945. From the Charleroi, Pennsylvania, ""Mail"", February 5, 1945: One concrete barge under tow by ""Jicarilla"" (ATF-104) was lost off Saipan during a typhoon, and another barge damaged the Moreton Bay Pile Light in Brisbane, but the rest served admirably. Modern hobbyists also build ferrocement boats (ferroboats), as their construction methods do not require special tools, and the materials are comparatively cheap. A pioneer in this movement is Hartley Boats, which has been selling plans for concrete boats since 1938. Meanwhile, since"
"Azalea, Arabis, Aubrietia and Anchusa), in numerous roles, including escort duty and anti-submarine warfare, during World War I. The same was true during the Second World War, when the Royal Navy used the . During World War II, Royal Navy sloops destroyed five German submarines. The new Littoral combat ship (LCS) type of the United States Navy, being intermediate between a frigate and a corvette, is roughly equivalent to a sloop. The U.S. Navy intends these for operations in the littoral zone (close to shore). The type is ""envisioned to be a networked, agile, stealthy surface combatant capable of defeating"
"was a model introduced in 1867 which saw wide service in World War I and even some limited service in World War II. The typical main armament during most of this boat's service life was a Hotchkiss 3–pounder, adopted by the Royal Navy in 1886. Ships today from large cruise ships to small private yachts continue to carry ship's boats as tenders and lifeboats. Aboard military vessels ship's boats, often rigid-hulled inflatable, continue to do many of the things expected of their Age of Sail predecessor. Ship's boat Ship's boats are utility boats carried by larger vessels to act as"
"difficult. Flower-class corvettes were used extensively by both the RN and RCN in the war-long Battle of the Atlantic. They also saw limited service elsewhere with the RN, as well as the USN and several Allied navies such as the Royal Netherlands Navy, the Royal Norwegian Navy, the Royal Hellenic Navy, the Free French Naval Forces, the Royal Indian Navy, and the Royal New Zealand Navy. The Belgian Navy manned some of these vessels during World War II, and have continued to use Flower names for their minehunters to this day. Most Royal Navy Flower-class ships drew their officers and"
"was only slowly replaced in the latter stages of World War II with the introduction of the Curtiss SC Seahawk, the first examples reaching the U.S. Navy in October 1944. At least eight Kingfishers survive in collections of historic aircraft around the world: Vought OS2U Kingfisher The Vought OS2U Kingfisher is an American catapult-launched observation floatplane. It was a compact mid-wing monoplane, with a large central float and small stabilizing floats. Performance was modest because of its light engine. The OS2U could also operate on fixed, wheeled, taildragger landing gear. The OS2U was the main shipboard observation aircraft used by"
"battleships in port by using carrier borne aircraft, the obsolescent Fairey Swordfish, in the Battle of Taranto. As a result, the Italian fleet was withdrawn from Taranto and never again based in such a forward position. The Japanese used lessons from this battle in planning their attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941. The first fleet action of the war in the Mediterranean was the Battle of Cape Matapan. It was a decisive Allied victory, fought off the Peloponnesus coast of Greece from 27 March to 29 March 1941 in which Royal Navy and Royal Australian Navy forces, under"
"at the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway, scuttling the disabled aircraft carrier with torpedoes at the former battle. ""Balch"" rescued survivors of the aircraft carrier at Midway. While operating out of Trinidad in the Caribbean, ""Moffett"" assisted in sinking two U-boats, and . Notable engagements for other ships of the class included the invasion of Guadalcanal and the Marianas campaign. By September 1944 the class was concentrated in the Atlantic. was the class's only loss, in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands on 26 October 1942. lost her bow to a torpedo in the"
"flight decks, being the first to have such modification begun. Those first faltering steps gave little indication of just how important the aircraft carrier was to prove to be. During the inter-war years (between the World Wars), Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States built up significant carrier fleets so that by the beginning of World War II, they had 18 carriers between them. The 1940 Battle of Taranto and the 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor in retrospect showed the world that the aircraft carrier was to be the most important ship in the modern fleet. Today, aircraft carriers"
"Battle of the Coral Sea order of battle This is an order of battle for the Battle of the Coral Sea. The battle, fought during 4–8 May 1942, was a major naval battle in the Pacific Theater of World War II between the Imperial Japanese Navy and Allied naval and air forces from the United States (U.S.) and Australia. In an attempt to strengthen their defensive positioning for their empire in the South Pacific, Imperial Japanese forces decided to invade and occupy Port Moresby in New Guinea and Tulagi in the southeastern Solomon Islands. The plan to accomplish this, called"
"and nowadays only about 70 groups live in the area around the GBR. The sea was the location for the Battle of the Coral Sea, a major confrontation during World War II between the navies of the Empire of Japan, and the United States and Australia. An example is the wreckage of the ""USS Lexington"" found in 2018. Navigation has long been a traditional human activity on the Coral Sea and there are 10 major ports on the Queensland coast alone. More than 3,500 ships operated in this area in 2007, making over 9,700 voyages that transported coal, sugar, iron"
"lengthy reconstruction, and four more lightly to moderately damaged, forcing the U.S. Navy to rely primarily on aircraft carriers and submarines for many months afterward. Subsequently Pacific Fleet engagements during World War II included the Battle of Guam, the Marshalls-Gilberts raids, the Doolittle Raid, the Solomon Islands campaign, the Battle of the Coral Sea, the Battle of Midway, the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, the Battle of the Philippine Sea, the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, the Battle of Leyte Gulf, and the Battle of Okinawa. More minor battles included the Battle of"
"sailing schooners. These were notorious as the were used by commerce raiders and privateers. This type of activity led to the British attack in September 1814, during the War of 1812 known as the Battle of Baltimore. It is noted for the famous bombardment of Fort McHenry as well as a land attack to the southeast at the Battle of North Point which attacked fortifications on the east side of town at Loudenschlager's and Potter's Hills (today's Hampstead Hill/Patterson Park). Fells Point was incorporated into old Baltimore Town in 1773. The Continental Navy ordered their first frigate warship, USS ""Virginia"","
"tanks, probably used as targets, are sometimes exposed at low tide. The wreck of the SS ""Vina"", a cargo steamer built in 1894, can be seen at low tide. In 1944, she was anchored offshore for use as an RAF target when a gale dragged her to her present location and sank her. After the war, some of the wreck was salvaged as scrap. The remains of the ""Vina"" are accessible at low tide, but visiting them is potentially hazardous as the wreck is quickly cut off and submerged by the incoming tide. A warning sign on the wreck advises"
"shot. Such seaplanes were launched by a catapult and recovered by crane from the water after landing. They were successful even during World War II. There were many notable successes early in the war, such as 's float-equipped Swordfish during the Second Battle of Narvik in 1940, which spotted for the guns of the British warships, helping to sink seven German destroyers, and sank the submarine with bombs. The Japanese Nakajima A6M2-N ""Rufe"" floatplane, was derived from the Zero. History of the aircraft carrier Aircraft carriers are warships that evolved from balloon-carrying wooden vessels into nuclear-powered vessels carrying scores of"
"the USS Franklin D. Roosevelt was scrapped before the award was ever established and would have had to still be in active service to have received the award. USS Franklin D. Roosevelt (CV-42) USS ""Franklin D. Roosevelt"" (CVB/CVA/CV-42) was the second of three s. To her crew, she was known as """"Swanky Franky"","" """"Foo-De-Roo"","" or """"Rosie"","" with the last nickname probably the most popular. ""Roosevelt"" spent most of her active deployed career operating in the Mediterranean Sea as part of the United States Sixth Fleet. The ship was decommissioned in 1977 and was scrapped shortly afterward. She was the first"
"Navy. Built to mercantile standards and with (initially) simple armaments, these vessels, notably the and classes, were produced in large numbers for the Battle of the Atlantic. In 1948 the Royal Navy reclassified its remaining sloops and corvettes as frigates (even though the term sloop had been officially defunct for nine years). The Royal Navy has proposed a concept, known as the """"Future Black Swan-class Sloop-of-war"""", as an alternative to the Global Corvette of the Global Combat Ship programme. Sloop-of-war In the 18th century and most of the 19th, a sloop-of-war in the Royal Navy was a warship with a"