Which Duke commanded the Government forces at the 1745 Battle of Culloden?
"Prince William, Duke of Cumberland Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, (26 April 1721 – 31 October 1765), was the third and youngest son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland and his wife, Caroline of Ansbach. He was Duke of Cumberland from 1726. He is best remembered for his role in putting down the Jacobite Rising at the Battle of Culloden in 1746, which made him immensely popular throughout Britain. He is often referred to by the nickname given to him by his Tory opponents: 'Butcher' Cumberland. Despite his triumph at Culloden, he had a largely unsuccessful"
"that Dugald, the Younger, was imprisoned in September 1745 and that the Chief (Archibald) was quite elderly, during the 1745 Jacobite Rising, some of the MacTavishes fought within the ranks of their neighbor, MacIntosh. On 16 April 1746 at the Battle of Culloden, the Jacobite army was defeated by a much larger force of the British government army (5000 fighting for Prince Charles and 9000 fighting for the government). On that day, the Jacobite army of Prince Charles lost the battle, and the fate of the Jacobite cause was sealed. Unfortunately, in the immediate aftermath of Culloden, the Duke of"
"1745. During the 1745 rising the chief of Mackintoshes and Clan Chattan was however a serving officer in the Black Watch regiment of the British Army but his wife, Lady Anne Farquharson-MacKintosh rallied the Chattan Confederation in support of the Jacobites and placed chief Alexander MacGillivray in command of the Clan Chattan regiment. Alexander MacGillivray was killed leading his clan at the Battle of Culloden in 1746, along with many of his followers. A graveyard at Dunlichity commemorates the many MacGillivrays who fell in the battle. After Culloden many MacGillivrays emigrated across the Atlantic where many of them were successful,"
"of State, he was assassinated at Grunberg in Silesia by agents of Tsaritsa Anna of Russia. In 1745, 4 June, Sir James Sinclair of Rosslyn, a lieutenant general with the Royal Scots regiment, was appointed the commander of the British Forces in Flanders. In 1746, 16 April, at the Battle of Culloden he commanded the Royal Scots regiment on the British-Hanoverian Government side. The Jacobite rebel, John Mackenzie, Lord MacLeod, tried raising the Sinclairs in arms but had little success: only about thirty men under Sinclair of Scotscalder arrived at the place of muster, and Sinclair of Scotscalder's estates were"
"Siege of Culloden House (1745) The Siege of Culloden House took place on the night of 15/16 October 1745 and was part of the Jacobite rising of 1745. 200 men of the Jacobite Clan Fraser of Lovat attempted to capture Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden who was the Lord President of the Court of Session, the most senior legal officer in Scotland. Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, chief of the Clan Fraser of Lovat, had for a long time held back in committing himself to the Jacobite cause. However, he sent one of his leading clansmen, James Fraser of Foyers, to"
"Government forces. The chief led 500 men of the MacLeod Independent Highland Companies in support of the Government at the Battle of Inverurie, on 23 December 1745, where they were defeated. The Macleods of Raasay, a branch of the MacLeods of Lewis, fought at the Battle of Culloden as part of the Glengarry Regiment, in retribution, the MacLeods of Dunvegan, under their chief, Norman MacLeod, burned and pillaged the Island of Raasay, harassing its inhabitants for many weeks in the late summer of 1746. As a result, Norman MacLeod became known as ""The Wicked Man"". In 1745, MacLeod of Dunvegan"
"into England or their subsequent retreat back from Derby to Scotland; Wade was replaced as Commander-in-Chief by Prince William, Duke of Cumberland who led the army to success at the Battle of Culloden in April 1746. It was because of the difficulties Wade encountered marching his troops cross-country from Newcastle to Carlisle, that he built his Military Road west of Newcastle in 1746, entailing such destruction of Hadrian's Wall. Wade helped plan the road, but had died before construction began in 1751. His Military Road is still in use today as the B6318; it should not be confused with the"
"forced with Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden and George Munro of Culcairn to withdraw through the Black Isle into Ross-shire being pressed by a much larger Jacobite force. According to historian Ruairidh MacLeod, at this time George Munro of Culcairn was the most experienced military man in the north. After the Battle of Falkirk (1746), Mackenzie Jacobites had burned Foulis Castle leaving it a semi ruin. In April of that year the Jacobite army was finally defeated at the Battle of Culloden by Government forces but although Loudon's regiment were present Harry Munro was listed as missing on leave and George"
"again led to the defeat of government forces, this time at the Battle of Inverurie (1745). One branch of the Clan Grant, the Grants of Glenmoriston sided with the Jacobites and fought at the Battle of Prestonpans in 1745 and are credited with winning the day due to their timely reinforcement. The Grants of Glenmoriston branch also fought as Jacobites at the Battle of Culloden in 1746. Eighty-four Grants of Glenmoriston were captured at Culloden and were transported to Barbados, in violation of their terms of surrender, where they were sold as slaves. At the Siege of Inverness (1746) the"
"Jacobites and visited twice by Bonnie Prince Charlie. During the Jacobite risings of 1745 to 1746, Prince Charles Edward Stuart – ""Bonnie Prince Charlie"" – visited the Castle shortly after the raising of the Royal Standard at Glenfinnan and is said to have rested there after his defeat at the Battle of Culloden, in 1746. In the aftermath of Culloden it was sacked and partially blown up by troops under Duke of Cumberland as part of his systematic suppression of the Highlands. However the stout walls refused to yield and have survived the centuries to serve as a reminder to"
"1745. In April 1746, the Jacobite leader Charles Edward Stuart requisitioned Culloden House and used it as his headquarters in the days leading up to the more famous Battle of Culloden that brought an end to the Jacobite rising. Siege of Culloden House (1745) The Siege of Culloden House took place on the night of 15/16 October 1745 and was part of the Jacobite rising of 1745. 200 men of the Jacobite Clan Fraser of Lovat attempted to capture Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden who was the Lord President of the Court of Session, the most senior legal officer in Scotland."
"later, during the War of the Spanish Succession, the Duke of Marlborough preferred to engage the enemy in pitched battles, rather than engage in siege warfare, although he was very proficient in both types of warfare. On 15 April 1746, the day before the Battle of Culloden, at Dunrobin Castle, a party of William Sutherland's militia conducted the last siege fought on the mainland of Great Britain against Jacobite members of Clan MacLeod. In the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, new techniques stressed the division of armies into all-arms corps that would march separately and only come together on the"
"seems lost, the Duke of Newcastle appears in haste to tell him that George II, head of the Hanoverian dynasty has fled back to Hanover, and to belatedly declare his loyalty. (It has been speculated by some historians that Newcastle, known to have flirted with Jacobitism, actually was contemplating a judicious ""conversion"" to the Stuart cause when the Prince's army reached Derby.) As a result, large elements of the people and army came over to the Stuart side, and there was never the disastrous retreat and thus, there was never a Battle of Culloden in 1746, all leading to a"
"Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden Duncan Forbes of Culloden (10 November 1685 – 10 December 1747) was a Scottish politician and lawyer. As Lord President and senior Scottish legal officer, he played a major role in helping the government suppress the 1745 Jacobite Rising. Duncan Forbes was born on 10 November 1685, in Culloden House, near Inverness, second son of Duncan Forbes and Mary Innes. His elder brother, John (1673-1734) was 12 years older but despite the age difference, the two were close friends all their lives. Duncan was educated first at the local grammar school before progressing to Marischal College,"
"David Morier David Morier, (1705? – Around Jan. 8, 1770) was an Anglo-Swiss painter of portraits, military subjects and historical scenes around and after the time of the War of the Austrian Succession and the related Jacobite rising of 1745. His most recognizable work is entitled ""An Incident in the Rebellion of 1745"" but is more commonly known as ""The Battle of Culloden"". Morier thrived during the 1750s under the patronage of the Duke of Cumberland, the effective commander-in-chief of the British Army. He produced a number of equestrian portraits, of his patron and other senior officers, as well as"
"his throne. Lord George's elder brother, the next duke, supported the British-Hanoverian Government. As a result, at the Battle of Prestonpans (1745), two British regiments, Murray's 46th and 42nd met a Murray regiment in the Jacobite lines led by Lord George Murray. George would go on to lead the Jacobite charge at the Battle of Falkirk (1746) and the Battle of Culloden (1746). He died in exile in the Netherlands in 1760. After Culloden, on 27 April 1746, William Murray, Marquess of Tullibardine, who had landed with the Jacobite leader, Charles Edward Stuart in Scotland, suffering from bad health and"
"Battle of Culloden, the last pitched battle fought on British soil. The ravaged Jacobite troops were routed by the government army. Charles escaped to France, but many of his supporters were caught and executed. Jacobitism was all but crushed; no further serious attempt was made at restoring the House of Stuart. The War of the Austrian Succession continued until 1748, when Maria Theresa was recognized as Archduchess of Austria. The peace was celebrated by a fête in Green Park, London, for which Handel composed ""Music for the Royal Fireworks"". In the general election of 1747, the Prince of Wales again"
"""Culloden"" but Queen Victoria had ""Culloden"" removed. An equestrian statue of the Duke was erected in London's Cavendish Square in 1770, but was removed in 1868 since by that time the 'butcher of Culloden' was generally reviled. The original plinth remained. Attribution: Prince William, Duke of Cumberland Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, (26 April 1721 – 31 October 1765), was the third and youngest son of King George II of Great Britain and Ireland and his wife, Caroline of Ansbach. He was Duke of Cumberland from 1726. He is best remembered for his role in putting down the Jacobite"
"for anyway. On 14 April 1746, two days before the Battle of Culloden, the Munro Independent Company and the 1st Sutherland Independent Company joined up with Prince William, Duke of Cumberland at Nairn. These two companies had been fighting with groups of Highlanders who were trying to join up with Prince Charlie at Inverness. However, during the Battle of Culloden itself on 16 April the Independent Highland Companies (1st Sutherland) were kept in reserve, and the Munro company had already returned north. Eight companies of other Highland infantry did take part in the fighting at Culloden for the Government; 4"
"brandy was distributed to the assembled highlanders to celebrate the occasion. Eight months later, Charles Stuart's claim to the throne ended in failure at the Battle of Culloden on the 16 April 1746. Many Macfies, who came from Glenfinnan, followed Donald Cameron of Lochiel on the right flank of the Jacobite Army at the battle. Charles Stuart returned to the area after Culloden during his flight to evade the government troops of Prince William, Duke of Cumberland. After being hidden by loyal supporters, he boarded a French frigate on the shores of Loch nan Uamh close to where he had"
"line had become extinct and the chiefship passed to MacMillan of Dunmore, whose lands were on the side of Loch Tarbert. The MacMillans were not noted Jacobites and during the Jacobite rising of 1745, John MacMillan of Murlaggan, whose line later headed the Lochaber MacMillans, refused to join Charles Edward Stuart unless the Stuarts renounced the Catholic faith. However MacMillan's eldest son defied him and formed a company of Cameron of Lochiel's regiment which fought at the Battle of Culloden. Both sons were killed in the battle. Donald MacMillan of Tulloch surrendered to the Duke of Cumberland under the impression"
"left him £1000 when he died in 1732. Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden Duncan Forbes of Culloden (10 November 1685 – 10 December 1747) was a Scottish politician and lawyer. As Lord President and senior Scottish legal officer, he played a major role in helping the government suppress the 1745 Jacobite Rising. Duncan Forbes was born on 10 November 1685, in Culloden House, near Inverness, second son of Duncan Forbes and Mary Innes. His elder brother, John (1673-1734) was 12 years older but despite the age difference, the two were close friends all their lives. Duncan was educated first at the"
"of men of his regiment are prominently featured in the 1964 Peter Watkins docudrama Culloden. Alexander Macdonald, 17th of Keppoch Alexander Macdonald, 17th of Keppoch (died 1746) was a Scottish clan chief, military officer, and prominent Jacobite who took part in both the 1715 and 1745 Jacobite risings. He was killed at the Battle of Culloden leading a regiment composed largely of members of his clan, the Macdonalds of Keppoch. Some genealogies give him the title 16th of Keppoch, following a previous dispute of succession. Keppoch was the son of 16th chief Coll Macdonald (known as ""Colla nam Bo"", ""Coll"
"the British Army. He was attached to the staff at Gibraltar from October 1838 to April 1839. After serving in Ireland with the 12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales's), he was appointed substantive lieutenant-colonel of the 8th Light Dragoons on 15 April 1842 and colonel of the 17th Lancers on 25 April 1842. From 1843 to 1845, he served as a colonel on the staff in the Ionian islands, then was promoted Major-General on 7 May 1845. He succeeded to his father's titles of Duke of Cambridge, Earl of Tipperary, and Baron Culloden on 8 July 1850. The Duke of"
"Appin supported the deposed House of Stuart. Appin naturally supported the Jacobite risings and sent men to fight in the Jacobite rising of 1715. Dugald Stewart, 9th Chief of Appin, was created Lord Appin in the Jacobite peerage on 6 June 1743. Appin also sent men to fight in the Jacobite rising of 1745. At the Battle of Culloden in 1746, the Appin Regiment suffered 92 killed and 65 wounded out of a fighting force of approximately 300. Charles Stewart of Ardsheal led the men of the regiment (which included men of ~19 other clans) most notably Clan MacLaren during"
"Graham, 1st Marquis of Montrose at the Battle of Auldearn in 1645. Later, however, after the king had been handed over to Parliament by the Scottish army, Rose led a regiment of dragoons as part of the Duke of Hamilton's regiment, which planned to rescue the king. When the Jacobite rising of 1715 broke out the Roses declared for the British government. Aurthur Rose was killed leading a detachment of the Clan Rose in seizing Inverness back from the Jacobites of Clan Mackenzie. See: Siege of Inverness (1715). During the Jacobite rising of 1745 the Baron of Kilravock entertained the"
"John Huske John Huske (1692? – 18 January 1761) was a British Army general known for his leadership at the Battle of Falkirk and the Battle of Culloden during the Jacobite rising of 1745. From 1749 he was governor of Jersey. He was appointed on 7 April 1708 ensign in Colonel Toby Caulfield's (afterwards David Creighton's) regiment of foot, then campaigning in Spain, and subsequently disbanded. He obtained his company in Lord Hertford's (15th foot) on 11 January 1715. On 22 July 1715 he was appointed captain and lieutenant-colonel of one of the four new companies then added to the"
"her 1562 progress around Scotland. The site of the Battle of Culloden is located within the same parish approximately 7 miles west of the village. The Jacobite army would have passed close to the village on the night of 15 April 1746 as part of their failed attempt to attack the government forces camped near Nairn. Prince Charles Edward Stuart was entertained at Kilravock Castle four days before the battle. This was followed by a visit by Prince William, Duke of Cumberland shortly after the Jacobite defeat. Tradition states that Baron Rose justified his impartial treatment of the two sides"
"Highland Companies of militia and also the Campbell of Argyll Militia. The Jacobite rising of 1745 had ultimately been defeated at the Battle of Culloden that took place on 16 April 1746, not far from Inverness. On 7 May Lord Loudoun (John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun), supporter of the British-Hanoverian Government, left Inverness and ordered the independent companies to march to Fort Augustus. They arrived there from Urquhart and Beauly on 8 May. On 14 May George Munro, 1st of Culcairn's company reached Fort Augustus and by this time there were rumours that the Jacobite leader, known as the"
"fire once, and then bayonet the man to the right, thereby catching the enemy under their lifted sword arm. On 8 April 1746, he set out from Aberdeen for Inverness, and, on 16 April, he fought the decisive Battle of Culloden, in which the Stuart forces were completely destroyed. Cumberland ordered his troops to show no quarter against any remaining Jacobite rebels (French Army personnel, including those who were British-or Irish-born, were treated as legitimate combatants). His troops traversed the battlefield and stabbed any of the rebel soldiers who were still alive. When Cumberland learned that a wounded soldier lying"
"the Battle of Culloden during the Jacobite rising of 1745. Two of his brothers, William and Thomas, also joined the British army. In 1740 the War of the Austrian Succession broke out in Europe. Despite British troops having been engaged on the European continent since 1742, it was not until 1747 that Carleton and his regiment were despatched to Flanders. They fought the French, but were unable to prevent the Fall of Bergen-op-Zoom, a major Dutch fortress, and the war was brought to a halt by an armistice. In 1748 the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed and Carleton returned to"
"his Jacobite army: in early September 1745, for several days, and then in early February 1746, again for several days. However, the Jacobites then unwisely abandoned it and Government forces, including Lowland Clan Agnew then occupied it. They held Blair Castle against the Jacobites, who laid siege to the castle during the last stages of the rising, in March 1746 They were besieged to near starvation until the Jacobite forces withdrew to fight the British Government forces at the Battle of Culloden. In 1844 Queen Victoria and her consort, Prince Albert visited and stayed at Blair Castle. It was after"
"of Fort William where the Jacobites were defeated. The Campbells were also involved in the Skirmish of Keith around the same time. At the Battle of Culloden in 1746 where the Jacobites were finally defeated, involved in the fighting on the Government side were four companies from the Campbell of Argyll Militia, three companies from Loudon's Highlanders who were under the command of Lieutenant Colonel John Campbell and one company from the 43rd Highlanders who were under the command of Captain Dugald Campbell of Auchrossan. Castles that have belonged to the Clan Campbell have included amongst many others: Although mills"