Nathan Bedford Forrest was the original leader of which American organisation?
"had removed a statue of Forrest from the Health Sciences Park, and a statue of Confederate President Jefferson Davis from an easement in Fourth Bluff Park. Nathan Bedford Forrest Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 – October 29, 1877), called Bedford Forrest in his lifetime, was a cotton farmer, slave owner, slave trader, Confederate Army general during the American Civil War, first leader of the Ku Klux Klan and president of the Selma, Marion & Memphis Railroad. Prior to the outbreak of the war, Forrest amassed substantial wealth as a cotton planter, horse and cattle trader, real estate broker and"
"Americans, ""a cradle-to-the-grave proposition."" Nathan Bedford Forrest Statue Nathan Bedford Forrest Statue is a statue, standing in height, of Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest on a horse, shooting behind himself, flanked by Confederate battle flags near Interstate 65 at 701D Hogan Road, Nashville, Tennessee. The monument was designed by Jack Kershaw, a Vanderbilt University alumnus, co-founder of the League of the South, a white nationalist and white supremacist organization, and a former lawyer to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr's killer. In the face of public criticism of the installation, Kershaw defended the statue by saying, ""Somebody needs to say a"
"Nathan Bedford Forrest Statue Nathan Bedford Forrest Statue is a statue, standing in height, of Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest on a horse, shooting behind himself, flanked by Confederate battle flags near Interstate 65 at 701D Hogan Road, Nashville, Tennessee. The monument was designed by Jack Kershaw, a Vanderbilt University alumnus, co-founder of the League of the South, a white nationalist and white supremacist organization, and a former lawyer to Dr. Martin Luther King Jr's killer. In the face of public criticism of the installation, Kershaw defended the statue by saying, ""Somebody needs to say a good word for slavery."""
"a July 20-style coup attempt against Hitleresque Confederate President Jake Featherston) may be a same-named analog rather than the historical figure. Nathan Bedford Forrest III Nathan Bedford Forrest III (April 6, 1905 – June 13, 1943) was a brigadier general of the United States Army Air Forces, and a great-grandson of Confederate general Nathan Bedford Forrest. He was killed in action in Germany during World War II. Forrest was the first American general to be killed in action during the war in Europe. Forrest was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 6, 1905, the son of Nathan Bedford Forrest II"
"Nathan Bedford Forrest III Nathan Bedford Forrest III (April 6, 1905 – June 13, 1943) was a brigadier general of the United States Army Air Forces, and a great-grandson of Confederate general Nathan Bedford Forrest. He was killed in action in Germany during World War II. Forrest was the first American general to be killed in action during the war in Europe. Forrest was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 6, 1905, the son of Nathan Bedford Forrest II and Mattie Patterson (Patton). On November 22, 1930, he married Frances Brassler. According to the Arlington National Cemetery website he had"
"to reorganize as a mounted infantry under Abraham Buford, but the Confederacy had no horses to supply them. In response, Nathan Bedford Forrest, who had been operating in Mississippi, began to organize a raid on western Tennessee and Kentucky. Besides obtaining mounts for the mounted-infantry-to-be, Forrest intended to disrupt Union supply lines, obtain general provisions for Confederate forces, and discourage enlistment of blacks in Kentucky into the Union army. On March 25, 1864, Forrest commenced his attack. He met Colonel Stephen G. Hicks at Fort Anderson and demanded an unconditional surrender. Knowing that Forrest's main objectives were to obtain supplies"
"Expedition after Forrest Expedition after Forrest was a military movement of the Union Army during the American Civil War. Major General Nathan Bedford Forrest of the Confederate States Army was making raids in west Tennessee, his force giving Union commanders headaches on their supply lines Major General William T. Sherman order his Memphis commanders to catch him on December 24 an expedition began to cut off Forrest's retreat to Mississippi. The Union force set out marching an average of twenty miles a day with many skirmishes with Forrest. Nonetheless, General Forrest still managed to escape across the Tennessee River to"
"FOR Organizing Committee of the United States The FOR Organizing Committee in the United States or FOCUS was a small group of leftists in the United States. It was the US section of the Revolutionary Workers Ferment, known by its Spanish initials FOR (Fomento Obrero Revolutionario). FOCUS was founded by Stephen Schwartz, a writer in San Francisco, who entered into correspondence with the FOR group and began contributing to its French journal ""Alarme"". After visiting France in 1979 and having discussions with the leader of the FOR tendency, G. Munis, Schwartz returned to the US and established FOCUS. The group"
"the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People and other civil rights organizations that believe in and intend to practice law and order."" Austin supported young, new movements whose philosophies were based on nonviolence, such as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference led by Martin Luther King Jr.. Austin was a forerunner to these big movements, as they echoed extremely similar beliefs to those that he had been stressing since the early 1920s. Throughout the 1960s, Austin saw the fruits of his lifetime of hard labor. One significant event in the 1960s was when Thurgood Marshall was selected the first"
"was removed amid protests, but a major push to change its name failed on February 16, 2018, when the Tennessee Historical Commission denied Middle Tennessee State University's petition to rename Forrest Hall. Great-grandson Nathan Bedford Forrest III first pursued a military career in cavalry, then in aviation attained the rank of brigadier general in the United States Army Air Forces where he became the first U.S. general to be killed in action in World War II, while participating in a June 13, 1943 bombing raid over Germany. His family received the Distinguished Service Cross (second only to the Medal of"
"National Action Network The National Action Network is a not-for-profit, civil rights organization founded by the Reverend Al Sharpton in New York City, New York, in early 1991. In a 2016 profile, Vanity Fair has called Sharpton ""arguably the country's most influential civil rights leader."" The organization's Board of Directors is chaired by Rev. Dr. W. Franklyn Richardson, the pastor of Grace Baptist Church in Mount Vernon. The Board of Directors has a tradition of including those most recognized in the civil rights movement of the 1960s, as it was first chaired by Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker, Pastor Emeritus of"
"Fellowship of Reconciliation (United States) United States Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR USA) was founded in 1915 by sixty-eight pacifists, including A. J. Muste, Jane Addams and Bishop Paul Jones, and claims to be the ""largest, oldest interfaith peace and justice organization in the United States."" Norman Thomas, at first skeptical of its program, joined in 1916 and would become the group's president. Its programs and projects involve domestic as well as international issues, and generally emphasize nonviolent alternatives to conflict and the rights of conscience. Unlike the U.K. movements, it is an interfaith body, though its historic roots are in"
"was killed during a bombing raid over Nazi Germany in 1943, becoming the first American general to die in European combat in World War II. Nathan Bedford Forrest was a tall man and had a commanding presence. Out of habit, he was mild mannered, quiet in speech, exemplary in language, considerate and generally kindhearted. Forrest rarely drank and he abstained from tobacco usage. When he was provoked or angered, however, he would become savage, profane and terrifying in appearance. Although he was not formally educated, Forrest was able to read and write in clear and grammatical English. After the Civil"
"downtown area. The village of Brentwood thrived and many plantations were built; cotton was the main cash crop. On March 25, 1863, Confederate Brig. Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest led a column of men into Union-controlled Brentwood intent on capturing the section of the Nashville & Decatur Railroad. Forrest performed a quick sneak attack on Union Lt. Col. Edward Bloodgood. Forrest had cut the telegraph wires, isolating Bloodgood as he brought in heavy artillery. Bloodgood surrendered Brentwood that day, as a significant loss for the Federals. Overall, there were 305 Union and 6 Confederate casualties. Much of Brentwood was destroyed. After"
"as ""Nathan Bedford Forrest Day"". A monument to Forrest in the Confederate Circle section of Old Live Oak Cemetery in Selma, Alabama reads ""Defender of Selma, Wizard of the Saddle, Untutored Genius, The first with the most. This monument stands as testament of our perpetual devotion and respect for Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest. CSA 1821–1877, one of the South's finest heroes. In honor of Gen. Forrest's unwavering defense of Selma, the great state of Alabama, and the Confederacy, this memorial is dedicated. DEO VINDICE"". As an armory for the Confederacy, Selma provided a substantial part of the South's ammunition"
"was the superintendent of Memphis city schools between 1889 and 1907. The KKK (the Klan) was formed by veterans of the Confederate Army in Pulaski, Tennessee, in 1866 and soon expanded throughout the state and beyond. Gordon was an early initiate and likely wrote the organization's original ""Prescript"" in 1867 and its revised edition the following year. Following Gordon's death, his widow, Minnie, claimed that he had been the original Grand Wizard of the Klan and that it was he, not Nathan Bedford Forrest, who disbanded it. Gordon was elected as a Democrat to the Sixtieth, Sixty-first, and Sixty-second Congresses."
"Nathan Bedford Forrest on the Patriot Party in the 1867 Confederate Presidential Election opposing Robert E. Lee and Albert Gallatin Brown. The Forrest-Wigfall ticket lost by a narrow margin. The book uses real quotes of Wigfall. Retrieved on 2008-02-13 Louis Wigfall Louis Wigfall (born Louis Trezevant Wigfall; April 21, 1816 – February 18, 1874) was an American politician who served as a Confederate States Senator from Texas from 1862 to 1865. He was among a group of leading secessionists known as Fire-Eaters, advocating the preservation and expansion of an aristocratic agricultural society based on slave labor. He briefly served as"
"By this time, Schwartz had dropped out of the organization, and ""The Alarm"" had been moved from San Francisco to Portland, Oregon where FOCUS had its largest following. FOR Organizing Committee of the United States The FOR Organizing Committee in the United States or FOCUS was a small group of leftists in the United States. It was the US section of the Revolutionary Workers Ferment, known by its Spanish initials FOR (Fomento Obrero Revolutionario). FOCUS was founded by Stephen Schwartz, a writer in San Francisco, who entered into correspondence with the FOR group and began contributing to its French journal"
"Nashville chapter of the Ku Klux Klan. It was Morton who initiated Nathan Bedford Forrest into the KKK, in Room 10 of the Maxwell House Hotel in fall of 1866. Morton served as the Grand Cyclops of the Louisiana Ku Klux Klan. Morton practised medicine for two years, until he decided to take up farming. From 1881 to 1901, he served as the editor of ""Tennessee Farmer"", an agrarian journal. He also served as the president of the Tennessee Farmers' Publishing Company. Morton served as assistant commissioner of agriculture of Tennessee from 1891 to 1896. He assisted with the Tennessee"
"projects. Eric Foner reports: The Ku Klux Klan was a secret organization of whites that resisted what they saw as the excesses of Reconstruction. They sometimes terrorized and even assassinated Union League leadership. Founder Nathan Bedford Forrest grew uneasy about the group’s tendency to lawlessness, and disbanded it in the late 1860’s. After the Civil War, members of the Union League Club of New York broadened their support of other philanthropic purposes. For instance, they helped to found the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and funded construction of the Statue of Liberty's pedestal and Grant's Tomb. Some former Union League buildings"
"New American Movement The New American Movement (NAM) was an American New Left socialist and feminist political organization established in 1971. The organization continued an independent existence until 1983, when it merged with Michael Harrington's Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee to establish Democratic Socialists of America. The New American Movement was established at a conference held in Davenport, Iowa in December 1971 by radical political activists seeking to create a successor organization to Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). SDS, the leading organization of the New Left movement in America, had recently disintegrated into warring political sects and the need was"
"moderate Republicans. Several 2018 polls had similar results. A February 2018 Quinnipiac poll found that 51% of Americans believe that the policies supported by the NRA are bad for the U.S., a 4% increase since October 2017. The NRA calls itself ""the oldest continuously operating civil liberties organization"" and is ""one of the largest and best-funded lobbying organizations"" in the United States. Its claim that it's one of the oldest civil rights organizations is disputed. While the NRA was founded in 1871, it did not pursue a gun rights agenda until 1934. The National Association for the Deaf (NAD, founded"
"voted to merge with Michael Harrington's Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC) to establish Democratic Socialists of America (DSA). New American Movement The New American Movement (NAM) was an American New Left socialist and feminist political organization established in 1971. The organization continued an independent existence until 1983, when it merged with Michael Harrington's Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee to establish Democratic Socialists of America. The New American Movement was established at a conference held in Davenport, Iowa in December 1971 by radical political activists seeking to create a successor organization to Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). SDS, the leading organization"
"book. There had to be social change. And I remember somewhere in that period coming off an airplane [and] some guy was carrying a sign... It said, ""The first step in revolution is consciousness."" Well, I did the consciousness with ""The Feminine Mystique"". But then there had to be organization and there had to be a movement. And I helped organize NOW, the National Organization for Women and the National Women's Political Caucus and NARAL, the abortion rights [organization] in the next few years."" The National Organization for Women (NOW) was founded in 1966 by 28 women at the Third"
"in honor of leaders in the Selma Voting Rights Movement: F.D. Reese, Marie Foster, and Amelia Boynton. As part of its Civil War history, a monument to native Nathan Bedford Forrest, a Confederate General, was installed in Old Live Oak Cemetery. It was torn down in 2012, reflecting the continuing controversy about him. In August 2012, plans were announced to build a larger monument, more resistant to vandalism, but many African Americans object to it because of his established history as a postwar leader with the KKK and his earlier involvement in the massacre of black Union troops at Fort"
"pressure the US Navy to stop using Vieques as a bombing range. Fellowship of Reconciliation (United States) United States Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR USA) was founded in 1915 by sixty-eight pacifists, including A. J. Muste, Jane Addams and Bishop Paul Jones, and claims to be the ""largest, oldest interfaith peace and justice organization in the United States."" Norman Thomas, at first skeptical of its program, joined in 1916 and would become the group's president. Its programs and projects involve domestic as well as international issues, and generally emphasize nonviolent alternatives to conflict and the rights of conscience. Unlike the U.K."
"Forrest's Cavalry Corps Forrest's Cavalry Corps was part of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War and commanded by Lieutenant General Nathan Bedford Forrest. Formed during the summer of 1862, it took part in the various battles in the Western Theater during the second half of the war. At first serving as part of the Army of Tennessee, both Forrest and the corps were then transferred to northern Mississippi and often launched independent raids into Union occupied western and central Tennessee. In May 1863, Nathan Bedford Forrest was given the cavalry command of Earl Van Dorn, who had"
"National Organization for Women The National Organization for Women (NOW) is an American feminist organization founded in 1966. The organization consists of 550 chapters in all 50 U.S. states and in Washington, D.C. The organization is left-leaning. There were many influences contributing to the rise of NOW. Such influences included the President's Commission on the Status of Women, Betty Friedan's book ""The Feminine Mystique"", and passage and lack of enforcement of the Civil Right Act of 1964 (prohibiting sexual discrimination). The President's Commission on the Status of Women was established in 1961 by John F. Kennedy, in hopes of providing"
"and Wales. United States Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR USA) was founded in 1915 by sixty-eight pacifists, including A. J. Muste, Jane Addams and Bishop Paul Jones. Norman Thomas, at first skeptical of its program, joined in 1916 and would become the group's president. It was formed in opposition to the entry of the United States into World War I. The American Civil Liberties Union developed out of FOR's conscientious objectors program and the Emergency Committee for Civil Liberties. The FOR USA claims to be the ""largest, oldest interfaith peace and justice organization in the United States."" Its programs and projects"
"espoused white supremacist belief. For instance, an applicant should be asked if he was in favor of ""a white man's government,"" ""the reenfranchisement and emancipation of the white men of the South, and the restitution of the Southern people to all their rights."" The latter is a reference to the Ironclad Oath, which stripped the vote from white persons who refused to swear that they had not borne arms against the Union. Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest was elected the first Grand Wizard, and claimed to be the Klan's national leader. In an 1868 newspaper interview, Forrest stated that the"
"National Interest. It is a 501 (c)4 non-profit, non-partisan organization in the United States that works for ""Middle East policies that serve the American national interest."" Its first executive director was ten-term congressman John B. Anderson (R-Il) who ran as an Independent candidate in the 1980 U.S. presidential election. A year after the September 11 attacks in 2001, Findley published an article saying that this attack would never have occurred were it not for the United States' uncritical support of Israel. Findley claimed that the 2003 invasion of Iraq was launched primarily to benefit Israel, at the behest of the"
"NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund The NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc. (NAACP LDF, the Inc. Fund, Legal Defense and Educational Fund, Inc., or LDF) is a leading United States civil rights organization and law firm based in New York City. The organization can trace its origins to the legal department of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People that was created by Charles Hamilton Houston in the 1930s. However, in 1940, Thurgood Marshall established LDF as a separate legal entity and, in 1957, the organization became totally independent of the NAACP. Sherrilyn Ifill currently serves"
"founded by George Jackson in San Quentin State Prison during the Black Power movement. The group later became a recognizable organized crime force in the United States. On August 22, 1989, co-founder and leader of the Black Panther Party for Self Defense, Huey P. Newton was fatally shot outside 1456 9th St in West Oakland by 24-year-old Black Guerilla Family member, Tyrone Robinson. Relations between Newton and factions within the Black Guerilla Family had been strained for nearly two decades. Former Black Panther Party members who became BGF members in jail had become disenchanted with Newton for his perceived abandonment"