The name of which element is derived from the Latin for lime?
"for sugar refining, among other uses. Lime industries and the use of many of the resulting products date from prehistoric times in both the Old World and the New World. Lime is used extensively for wastewater treatment with ferrous sulfate. The rocks and minerals from which these materials are derived, typically limestone or chalk, are composed primarily of calcium carbonate. They may be cut, crushed, or pulverized and chemically altered. ""Burning"" (calcination) converts them into the highly caustic material ""quicklime"" (calcium oxide, CaO) and, through subsequent addition of water, into the less caustic (but still strongly alkaline) ""slaked lime"" or"
"Berzelius. Silex, meaning flint, is a third-declension Latin noun in the nominative case, thus with the root silic- for the other cases, from which words like silica are derived in English. The phrase ""in silice"" means ""in flint"". However, the adjective in Latin meaning flint-like is ""silicius, silicia, silicium"". Many names of elements with the ending -ium come from this adjectival form, e.g. calx (limestone), calcis (of limestone), calcium (limestone-like). In the end, ""in silico"" appears as an end rhyme on the words ""in vivo"" and ""in vitro"" making the word catchier based on similarity and not sounding odd to"
"name derives from Latin ""calx"" ""lime"", which was obtained from heating limestone. Some calcium compounds were known to the ancients, though their chemistry was unknown until the seventeenth century. Pure calcium was isolated in 1808 via electrolysis of its oxide by Humphry Davy, who named the element. Calcium compounds are widely used in many industries: in foods and pharmaceuticals for calcium supplementation, in the paper industry as bleaches, as components in cement and electrical insulators, and in the manufacture of soaps. On the other hand, the metal in pure form has few applications due to its high reactivity; still, in"
"can regarded as a portmanteau of ""borax"" and ""carbon"". Aluminium was named by Humphry Davy in the early 1800s. It is derived from the Greek word ""alumen"", meaning bitter salt, or the Latin ""alum"", the mineral. Gallium is derived from the Latin ""Gallia"", referring to France, the place of its discovery. Indium comes from the Latin word ""indicum"", meaning indigo dye, and refers to the element's prominent indigo spectroscopic line. Thallium, like indium, is named after the Greek word for the color of its spectroscopic line: ""thallos"", meaning a green twig or shoot. ""Nihonium"" is named after Japan (""Nihon"" in"
"meaning milk in Latin), an allusion to the white substance, now called latex, exuded by cut stems. This word has become the genus name, while ""sativa"" (meaning ""sown"" or ""cultivated"") was added to create the species name. The current word ""lettuce"", originally from Middle English, came from the Old French ""letues"" or ""laitues"", which derived from the Roman name. The name ""romaine"" came from that type's use in the Roman papal gardens, while ""cos"", another term for romaine lettuce, came from the earliest European seeds of the type from the Greek island of Cos, a center of lettuce farming in"
"and restoration of brick and stone-built structures originally built using lime mortar, the use of Portland cement is not recommended. Despite its enduring utility over many centuries, lime mortar's effectiveness as a building material has not been well understood; time-honoured practices were based on tradition, folklore and trade knowledge, vindicated by the vast number of old buildings that remain standing. Only during the last few decades has empirical testing provided a scientific understanding of its remarkable durability. ""Lime"" comes from Old English ""lim"" ""sticky substance, birdlime, mortar, cement, gluten"", and is related to Latin ""limus"" ""slime, mud, mire"", and ""linere"""
"alkaline material the name """"lithion""/""lithina"""", from the Greek word ""λιθoς"" (transliterated as ""lithos"", meaning ""stone""), to reflect its discovery in a solid mineral, as opposed to potassium, which had been discovered in plant ashes, and sodium, which was known partly for its high abundance in animal blood. He named the metal inside the material ""lithium"". Arfwedson later showed that this same element was present in the minerals spodumene and lepidolite. In 1818, Christian Gmelin was the first to observe that lithium salts give a bright red color to flame. However, both Arfwedson and Gmelin tried and failed to isolate the"
"of Giza; this material would later be used for the plaster in the tomb of Tutankhamun. The climate of present-day Italy being warmer than that of Egypt, the ancient Romans instead used lime mortars made by heating limestone (CaCO); the name ""calcium"" itself derives from the Latin word ""calx"" ""lime"". Vitruvius noted that the lime that resulted was lighter than the original limestone, attributing this to the boiling of the water; in 1755, Joseph Black proved that this was due to the loss of carbon dioxide, which as a gas had not been recognised by the ancient Romans. In 1787,"
"Antoine Lavoisier suspected that lime might be an oxide of a fundamental chemical element. In his table of the elements, Lavoisier listed five ""salifiable earths"" (i.e., ores that could be made to react with acids to produce salts (""salis"" = salt, in Latin): ""chaux"" (calcium oxide), ""magnésie"" (magnesia, magnesium oxide), ""baryte"" (barium sulfate), ""alumine"" (alumina, aluminium oxide), and ""silice"" (silica, silicon dioxide). About these ""elements"", Lavoisier speculated: Calcium, along with its congeners magnesium, strontium, and barium, was first isolated by Humphry Davy in 1808. Following the work of Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Magnus Martin af Pontin on electrolysis, Davy isolated"
"Lithium Lithium (from ) is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and is stored in mineral oil. When cut, it exhibits a metallic luster, but moist air corrodes it quickly to a dull silvery gray, then black tarnish. It never occurs freely in nature, but only in (usually ionic) compounds, such as pegmatitic minerals which were once the main source of lithium. Due to its solubility"
"Lepidolite Lepidolite is a lilac-gray or rose-colored member of the mica group of minerals with formula K(Li,Al,Rb)(Al,Si)O(F,OH). It is the most abundant lithium-bearing mineral and is a secondary source of this metal. It is a phyllosilicate mineral and a member of the polylithionite-trilithionite series. It is associated with other lithium-bearing minerals like spodumene in pegmatite bodies. It is one of the major sources of the rare alkali metals rubidium and caesium. In 1861, Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff extracted of lepidolite and yielded a few grams of rubidium salts for analysis, and therefore discovered the new element rubidium. It occurs"
"fruits while preparing cocktails may develop phytophotodermatitis. A class of organic chemical compounds called furanocoumarins are reported to cause phytophotodermatitis in humans. Limes contain numerous furanocoumarin compounds, including limettin (also called citropten), bergapten, isopimpinellin, xanthotoxin (also called methoxsalen), and psoralen. Bergapten appears to be the primary furanocoumarin compound responsible for lime-induced phytophotodermatitis. Lime peel contains higher concentrations of furanocoumarins than lime pulp (by one or two orders of magnitude), and so lime peels are considerably more phototoxic than lime pulp. Persian limes appear to be more phototoxic than Key limes. Lime (fruit) A lime (from French ""lime"", from Arabic ""līma"","
"the mineral from which it was collected. The word ""alum"" comes from ""alumen"", a Latin word meaning ""bitter salt"". The word ""alumen"" stems from the Proto-Indo-European root ""*alu-"" meaning ""bitter"" or ""beer"". British chemist Humphry Davy, who performed a number of experiments aimed to synthesize the metal, is credited as the person who named the element. In 1808, he suggested the metal be named ""alumium"". This suggestion was criticized by contemporary chemists from France, Germany, and Sweden, who insisted the metal should be named for the oxide, alumina, from which it would be isolated. In 1812, Davy chose ""aluminum"", thus"
"This compound's Latin name ""minium"" originates from the Minius, a river in northwest Iberia where it was first mined. Lead(II,IV) oxide was used as a red pigment in ancient Rome, where it was prepared by calcination of white lead. In the ancient and medieval periods it was used as a pigment in the production of illuminated manuscripts, and gave its name to the ""minium"" or miniature, a style of picture painted with the colour. As a finely divided powder, it was also sprinkled on dielectric surfaces to study Lichtenberg figures. In traditional Chinese medicine, red lead is used to treat"
"lime pie. It is also known as West Indian lime, bartender’s lime, Omani lime, or Mexican lime, the last classified as a distinct race with a thicker skin and darker green color. Philippine varieties have various names, including dayap and bilolo. The English word ""lime"" was derived, via Spanish then French, from the Arabic word ""līma"" which itself a derivation of the Persian word ""limu"" . ""Key"" is from Florida Keys, where the fruit is naturalized. The Oxford English Dictionary dates the first use of ""key lime"" to 1905, in an issue of ""Country Gentleman"", which described the fruit as"
"to discover a second element: the element he thought was aluminium (alumina) was in fact beryllium (beryllia), an element that was not officially identified until 1798. Gadolinite and euxenite are quite abundant and are future sources of yttrium sub group rare earths. At present, these elements are recovered from monazite concentrates (after recovery of ceria sub-group metals). Gadolinite Gadolinite, sometimes known as ytterbite, is a silicate mineral consisting principally of the silicates of cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium, beryllium, and iron with the formula (Ce,La,Nd,Y)FeBeSiO. It is called gadolinite-(Ce) or gadolinite-(Y), depending on the prominent composing element (Y if yttrium predominates,"
"Holmium Holmium is a chemical element with symbol Ho and atomic number 67. Part of the lanthanide series, holmium is a rare-earth element. Holmium was discovered by Swedish chemist Per Theodor Cleve. Its oxide was first isolated from rare-earth ores in 1878. The element's name comes from ""Holmia"", the Latin name for the city of Stockholm. Elemental holmium is a relatively soft and malleable silvery-white metal. It is too reactive to be found uncombined in nature, but when isolated, is relatively stable in dry air at room temperature. However, it reacts with water and corrodes readily and also burns in"
"Lime (fruit) A lime (from French ""lime"", from Arabic ""līma"", from Persian ""līmū"", ""lemon"") is a hybrid citrus fruit, which is typically round, green in color, in diameter, and contains acidic juice vesicles. There are several species of citrus trees whose fruits are called limes, including the Key lime (""Citrus aurantifolia""), Persian lime, kaffir lime, and desert lime. Limes are a rich source of vitamin C, sour and are often used to accent the flavours of foods and beverages. They are grown year-round. Plants with fruit called ""limes"" have diverse genetic origins; limes do not form a monophyletic group. The"
"of metals. Cu comes from Cuprum, Fe comes from Ferrum, Ag from Argentum. The symbols were not followed by a period (full stop) as with abbreviations. Later chemical elements were also assigned unique chemical symbols, based on the name of the element, but not necessarily in English. For example, sodium has the chemical symbol 'Na' after the Latin ""natrium"". The same applies to ""W"" (wolfram) for tungsten, ""Fe"" (ferrum) for iron, ""Hg"" (hydrargyrum) for mercury, ""Sn"" (stannum) for tin, ""K"" (kalium) for potassium, ""Au"" (aurum) for gold, ""Ag"" (argentum) for silver, ""Pb"" (plumbum) for lead, ""Cu"" (cuprum) for copper, and"
"Lawrencium Lawrencium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lr (formerly Lw) and atomic number 103. It is named in honor of Ernest Lawrence, inventor of the cyclotron, a device that was used to discover many artificial radioactive elements. A radioactive metal, lawrencium is the eleventh transuranic element and is also the final member of the actinide series. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, lawrencium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. Twelve isotopes of lawrencium are currently known; the most stable is Lr with a half-life of 11 hours, but"
"of vitriol"" (sulfuric acid), and ""cream of tartar"" (potassium bitartrate) borrowed their language from the kitchen. Many more names were based on color; for example, hematite, orpiment, and verdigris come from words meaning ""blood-like stone"", ""gold pigment"", and ""green of Greece"". Some names are based on their use. Lime is a general name for materials combining calcium with carbonates, oxides or hydroxides; the name comes from a root ""sticking or adhering""; its earliest use was as mortar for construction. Water has several systematic names, including ""oxidane"" (the IUPAC name), ""hydrogen oxide"", and ""dihydrogen monoxide"" (DHMO). The latter was the basis"
"which are different in HTML and X11. Displayed is the web color called ""lime green"". Sexuality Lime (color) Lime, also called lime green, lime-green, or bitter lime, is a color that is a shade of green, so named because it is a representation of the color of the citrus fruit called limes. It is the color that is in between the web color chartreuse and yellow on the color wheel. The first recorded use of ""lime green"" as a colour name in English was in 1890. Lime (color hex code #BFFF00) is a pure spectral color at approximately 564 nanometers"
"""water-silver"" (hydr- = water, argyros = silver) — since it is liquid like water and shiny like silver. The element was named after the Roman god Mercury, known for speed and mobility. It is associated with the planet Mercury; the astrological symbol for the planet is also one of the alchemical symbols for the metal. Mercury is the only metal for which the alchemical planetary name became the common name. The heaviest known group 12 element, copernicium, was first created on February 9, 1996, at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) in Darmstadt, Germany, by Sigurd Hofmann, Victor Ninov et al."
"named mendelevium in honor of D.I. Mendeleev, the first to arrange the elements in a periodic manner. Most recently, the synthesis of element 118 (since named oganesson) was reported in October 2006, and the synthesis of element 117 (tennessine) was reported in April 2010. Ten materials familiar to various prehistoric cultures are now known to be chemical elements: Carbon, copper, gold, iron, lead, mercury, silver, sulfur, tin, and zinc. Three additional materials now accepted as elements, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth, were recognized as distinct substances prior to 1500 AD. Phosphorus, cobalt, and platinum were isolated before 1750. Most of the"
"lime is grey in color. Magnesium lime contains more than 5% magnesium oxide (BS 6100) or 5-35% magnesium carbonate (ASTM C 59-91). Dolomitic lime has a high magnesium content of 35-46% magnesium carbonate (ASTM C 59-91) Dolomitic lime is named for the Dolomite Mountains in the Italian and Austrian Alps. In the United States the most commonly used masonry lime is Type S hydrated lime which is intended to be added to Portland cement to improve plasticity, water retention and other qualities. The S in type S stands for special which distinguishes it from Type N hydrated lime where the"
"α-HIB to take place in enough time to separate out the longer-lived isotope Lr, which can be removed from the catcher foil with 0.05 M hydrochloric acid. Lawrencium Lawrencium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lr (formerly Lw) and atomic number 103. It is named in honor of Ernest Lawrence, inventor of the cyclotron, a device that was used to discover many artificial radioactive elements. A radioactive metal, lawrencium is the eleventh transuranic element and is also the final member of the actinide series. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, lawrencium can only be produced in particle"
"""lithos"" (λίθος), meaning ""stone"", after a perceived resemblance of this mineral to cuttlebone. Because of its low specific gravity and its high porosity, it may float upon water, hence its German name. It is sometimes found floating on the Black Sea and rather suggestive of sea-foam, hence the German origin of the name as well as the French name for the same substance, ""écume de mer"". In addition to its use in pipes, sepiolite is used in oil drilling and for cat litter. In construction, sepiolite can be used in lime mortars as water reservoir.<ref name=""DOI: 10.1180/claymin.2011.046.4.621"">ANDREJKOVIČOVÁ et al., (2011)"
"Lutetium Lutetium is a chemical element with symbol Lu and atomic number 71. It is a silvery white metal, which resists corrosion in dry air, but not in moist air. Lutetium is the last element in the lanthanide series, and it is traditionally counted among the rare earths. Lutetium is sometimes considered the first element of the 6th-period transition metals, although lanthanum is more often considered as such. Lutetium was independently discovered in 1907 by French scientist Georges Urbain, Austrian mineralogist Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach, and American chemist Charles James. All of these researchers found lutetium as an impurity"
"(presently about a third of bismuth production) as a replacement for lead. The name ""bismuth"" dates from around the 1660s, and is of uncertain etymology. It is one of the first 10 metals to have been discovered. Bismuth appears in the 1660s, from obsolete German ', ', ' (early 16th century); perhaps related to Old High German ' (""white""). The New Latin ' (due to Georgius Agricola, who Latinized many German mining and technical words) is from the German ', perhaps from """", ""white mass"". The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance"
"Niobium Niobium, formerly known as columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal, often found in the minerals pyrochlore and columbite, hence the former name ""columbium"". Its name comes from Greek mythology, specifically Niobe, who was the daughter of Tantalus, the namesake of tantalum. The name reflects the great similarity between the two elements in their physical and chemical properties, making them difficult to distinguish. The English chemist Charles Hatchett reported a new element similar to tantalum in 1801 and named it columbium. In 1809,"
"meaning. The origin of the Proto-Germanic ""*lauda-"" is not agreed in the linguistic community. One hypothesis suggests it is derived from Proto-Indo-European ""*lAudh-"" (""lead""; capitalization of the vowel is equivalent to the macron). Another hypothesis suggests it is borrowed from Proto-Celtic ""*ɸloud-io-"" (""lead""). This word is related to the Latin ""plumbum"", which gave the element its chemical symbol ""Pb"". The word ""*ɸloud-io-"" is thought to be the origin of Proto-Germanic ""*bliwa-"" (which also means ""lead""), from which stemmed the German ""Blei"". The name of the chemical element is not related to the verb of the same spelling, which is derived"
"by him to form compounds similar to those of sodium and potassium, though its carbonate and hydroxide were less soluble in water and more alkaline than the other alkali metals. Berzelius gave the unknown material the name """"lithion""/""lithina"""", from the Greek word ""λιθoς"" (transliterated as ""lithos"", meaning ""stone""), to reflect its discovery in a solid mineral, as opposed to potassium, which had been discovered in plant ashes, and sodium, which was known partly for its high abundance in animal blood. He named the metal inside the material """"lithium"""". Lithium, sodium, and potassium were part of the discovery of periodicity, as"
"cabbage, to form a crude pH indicator is a popular introductory chemistry demonstration. Litmus, used by alchemists in the Middle Ages and still readily available, is a naturally occurring pH indicator made from a mixture of lichen species, particularly ""Roccella tinctoria"". The word ""litmus"" is literally from 'colored moss' in Old Norse (see Litr). The color changes between red in acid solutions and blue in alkalis. The term 'litmus test' has become a widely used metaphor for any test that purports to distinguish authoritatively between alternatives. ""Hydrangea macrophylla"" flowers can change color depending on soil acidity. In acid soils, chemical"