What was the alias used by Salman Rushdie during his period in hiding after his 1989 fatwa? It is also the title of his latest book.
"September 2012. Joseph Anton was Rushdie's secret alias. In February 1997, Ayatollah Hasan Sane'i, leader of the bonyad panzdah-e khordad (Fifteenth of Khordad Foundation), reported that the blood money offered by the foundation for the assassination of Rushdie would be increased from $2 million to $2.5 million. Then a semi-official religious foundation in Iran increased the reward it had offered for the killing of Rushdie from $2.8 million to $3.3 million. In November 2015, former Indian minister P. Chidambaram acknowledged that banning ""The Satanic Verses"" was wrong. In 1998, Iran's former president Mohammad Khatami proclaimed the fatwa “finished”; but it"
"suffer persecution as authorities recognize their unique power and ability to impact on the masses. Salman Rushdie, an awarded British-Muslim novelist and essayist of Indian origin became a target following the publication his fourth novel, The Satanic Verses (1988). The book was the center of a major controversy in the Islamic world because of what was perceived as an irreverent depiction of Muhammad. Death threats were made against him, including a fatwā issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of Iran, on 14 February 1989 and a bounty was offered for Rushdie's death. Rushdi was forced to hide and"
"The pen name Ibn Warraq (, most literally ""son of a papermaker"") is used due to his concerns for his personal safety; Warraq stated, ""I was afraid of becoming the second Salman Rushdie."" It is a name that has been adopted by dissident authors throughout the history of Islam. The name refers to the 9th-century skeptical scholar Abu Isa al-Warraq. Warraq adopted the pseudonym in 1995 when he completed his first book, entitled ""Why I Am Not a Muslim"". He is the author of nine books, including """" (1998), ""The Quest for the Historical Muhammad"" (2000), ""What the Koran Really"
"Salman Rushdie provides an example of ""takfir"" that featured prominently in Western media. Rushdie went into hiding after Ayatollah Khomeini issued a fatwa in 1989, officially declaring him a ""kafir"" who should be executed for his book ""The Satanic Verses"", which is perceived to contain passages that draw into question the basis of Islam. Similar cases have occurred in Egypt: for example, Nasr Abu Zayd was accused of apostasy following his work on Islamic sources, describing the Qur'an as a historical document. During the Algerian Civil War of 1991-2002 the Islamist insurgent group the GIA (Armed Islamic Group of Algeria)"
"was an account of his childhood in the poverty-ridden Dongri area of Mumbai. His latest novel, ""Sufi"", describes the parallel lives of two friends: the author himself and a man called Iqbal Rupani, who rose to become the kingpin of the Mumbai underworld in the 1960s and 1970s. In 1975, his fictional version based on the ""Devil's Bible"", entitled ""The Black Book"", created a nationwide controversy. Even amidst critical acclaim, it was translated into seven languages and voted Book of the Year in Kannada. He earned the nickname the ""Salman Rushdie of India"" after his ""Black Book"" was published. He"
"""If I hadn't had an operation, in a couple of years from now I wouldn't have been able to open my eyes at all,"" he said. Since 2000, Rushdie has ""lived mostly near Union Square"" in New York City. He is a fan of the English football club Tottenham Hotspur. Salman Rushdie Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie (born 19 June 1947) is a British Indian novelist and essayist. His second novel, ""Midnight's Children"" (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be ""the best novel of all winners"" on two separate occasions, marking the 25th and the 40th"
"controversies raised in the non-Muslim world, especially over depictions of Muhammad, questionning issues relating to the religious offense to minorities in secular countries. A key case was the 1989 fatwa against English author Salman Rushdie for his 1988 book entitled ""The Satanic Verses"", the title of which refers to an account that Muhammad, in the course of revealing the Quran, received a revelation from Satan and incorporated it therein until made by Allah to retract it. Several translators of his book into foreign languages have been murdered. In the UK, many supporters of Salman Rushdie and his publishers advocated unrestricted"
"is also the founder and chairman of the ""Small Kindness"" charity, which initially assisted famine victims in Africa and now supports thousands of orphans and families in the Balkans, Indonesia, and Iraq. He served as chairman of the charity Muslim Aid from 1985 to 1993. In 1989 following an address by Islam to students at London's Kingston University, where he was asked about the fatwa calling for the killing of Salman Rushdie, author of the novel ""The Satanic Verses"", Islam made a series of comments that appeared to show his support for the fatwa. He released a statement the following"
"religious duty and that the result is a marginal issue?"" In an interview with Gareth Porter, Mohsen Rafighdoost, the eight-year war time minister of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, disclosed how Khomeini had opposed his proposal for beginning working on both nuclear and chemical weapons by a fatwa which had never been made public in details of when and how it was issued. In early 1989, Khomeini issued a fatwā calling for the assassination of Salman Rushdie, an India-born British author. Rushdie's book, ""The Satanic Verses"", published in 1988, was alleged to commit blasphemy against Islam and Khomeini's juristic ruling"
"the more casual nickname, ""Joe."" The memoir is an account of his life under the ongoing fatwa. It also discusses other aspects of his personal life, such as his friendship with other writers such as Bruce Chatwin, Paul Theroux, Bill Buford and Martin Amis and other public figures such as Alan Yentob. It also includes the story of the break-up of his relationship with his second wife, Marianne Wiggins, and the acrimonious nature of their split, and his third and fourth marriages (and break-ups) to Elizabeth West and Padma Lakshmi. The memoir is unusual in the sense that Rushdie writes"
"to live under police protection for several years. On 7 March 1989, the United Kingdom and Iran broke diplomatic relations over the Rushdie controversy. When, on BBC Radio 4, he was asked for a response to the threat, Rushdie said, ""Frankly, I wish I had written a more critical book,"" and 'I'm very sad that it should have happened. It's not true that this book is a blasphemy against Islam. I doubt very much that Khomeini or anyone else in Iran has read the book or more than selected extracts out of context.' Later, he wrote that he was ""proud,"
"""an anti-religious novel. It is, however, an attempt to write about migration, its stresses and transformations."" On 14 February 1989—Valentine's Day, and also the day of his close friend Bruce Chatwin's funeral—a ""fatwā"" ordering Rushdie's execution was proclaimed on Radio Tehran by Ayatollah Khomeini, the spiritual leader of Iran at the time, calling the book ""blasphemous against Islam"". (Chapter IV of the book depicts the character of an Imam in exile who returns to incite revolt from the people of his country with no regard for their safety.) A bounty was offered for Rushdie's death, and he was thus forced"
"Salman Rushdie Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie (born 19 June 1947) is a British Indian novelist and essayist. His second novel, ""Midnight's Children"" (1981), won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be ""the best novel of all winners"" on two separate occasions, marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize. Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent. He combines magical realism with historical fiction; his work is concerned with the many connections, disruptions, and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations. His fourth novel, ""The Satanic Verses"" (1988), was the subject of a major"
"This was the first time they had commented on the issue since publication. The Satanic Verses The Satanic Verses is Salman Rushdie's fourth novel, first published in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad, the prophet of Islam. As with his previous books, Rushdie used magical realism and relied on contemporary events and people to create his characters. The title refers to the satanic verses, a group of Quranic verses that refer to three Pagan Meccan goddesses: Allāt, Uzza, and Manāt. The part of the story that deals with the ""satanic verses"" was based on accounts from"
"all of his guitars for charity and left his musical career in order to devote himself to educational and philanthropic causes in the Muslim community. He was embroiled in a long-running controversy regarding comments which he made in 1989 about the death fatwa on author Salman Rushdie. He has received two honorary doctorates and awards for promoting peace from two organisations founded by Mikhail Gorbachev. In 2006, he returned to pop music – releasing his first album of new pop songs in 28 years, titled ""An Other Cup"". With that release and subsequent ones, he dropped the surname ""Islam"" from"
"Fury (Rushdie novel) Fury, published in 2001, is the seventh novel by postcolonial author Salman Rushdie. Rushdie depicts contemporary New York City as the epicenter of globalization and all of its tragic flaws. Malik Solanka, a Cambridge-educated millionaire from Bombay, is looking for an escape from himself. At first he escapes from his academic life by immersing himself into a world of miniatures (after becoming enamored with the miniature houses on display at the Rijksmuseum Amsterdam), eventually creating a puppet called ""Little Brain"" and leaving the academy for television. However, dissatisfaction with the rising popularity of ""Little Brain"" serves to"
"Shame (Rushdie novel) Shame is Salman Rushdie's third novel, published in 1983. This book was written out of a desire to approach the problem of ""artificial"" (other-made) country divisions, their residents' complicity, and the problems of post-colonialism, when Pakistan was created to separate the Muslims from the Hindus, when England gave up control of ""India""... The book was written in the style of magic realism. It portrays the lives of Iskander Harappa (sometimes assumed to be Zulfikar Ali Bhutto), and General Raza Hyder (sometimes assumed to be General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq), and their relationship. The central theme of the novel is"
"taken place. Justifications offered for the alleged executions vary, but one of the most common theories advanced is that they were in retaliation for the 1988 attack on the western borders of Iran by the PMOI Mujahedin. However, this does not fully account for the targeting of other leftist groups who opposed the Mujahedin invasion. Salman Rushdie is a prominent contemporary figure accused of apostasy. In 1989 a fatwa was issued by Ayatollah Khomeini, the ruler of Iran at the time, calling for the death of Salman Rushdie for the blasphemy of authoring the book ""The Satanic Verses"". Hossein Soodmand,"
"The Satanic Verses controversy ""The Satanic Verses"" controversy, also known as the Rushdie Affair, was the heated and frequently violent reaction of Muslims to the publication of Salman Rushdie's novel ""The Satanic Verses"", which was first published in the United Kingdom in 1988 and inspired in part by the life of Muhammad. Many Muslims accused Rushdie of blasphemy or unbelief and in 1989 the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini of Iran issued a fatwa ordering Muslims to kill Rushdie. Numerous killings, attempted killings, and bombings resulted from violent Muslims over the novel. The Iranian government backed the fatwa against Rushdie until 1998,"
"and had their careers ruined during the era of McCarthyism and the Second Red Scare, or even killed like Julius and Ethel Rosenberg. The McCarthyites 'never produced a single Communist spy whose guilt was proved in court.' In 1989, Ayatollah Khomeini, supreme leader of Iran, pronounced a death sentence by fatwa on Salman Rushdie and anyone assisting publication of his book, ""The Satanic Verses""; 'I call on all Muslims wherever they may be in the world to kill them without delay'. the Fatwa was condemned for violating national sovereignty, freedom of speech, and the Muslim principle of fiqh. In the"
"Mariwan Halabjaee Mariwan Halabjaee or Mariwan Halabjayi (, """") also referred to as Salman Rushdie of Iraqi Kurdistan (born 1 August 1963) is the Iraqi Kurdish writer, public speaker, and human rights activist. He is the author of sixteen books and producer of over ninety documentaries, covering topics on theology, psychology, and human rights. He is the author of the book ""Sex, Sharia and Women in the History of Islam"" (alternate title: ""Sex, Legislation and Women in Islamic History""). The book gained international fame when published in 2005, and has since been reprinted eleven times and translated into Arabic, Persian,"
"Appeal ordered that Krekar pay 130,000 kroner in damages compensation to each of the three Kurds he threatened, and to serve two years and ten months in prison, less the 255 days he was in custody. Mariwan Halabjaee Mariwan Halabjaee or Mariwan Halabjayi (, """") also referred to as Salman Rushdie of Iraqi Kurdistan (born 1 August 1963) is the Iraqi Kurdish writer, public speaker, and human rights activist. He is the author of sixteen books and producer of over ninety documentaries, covering topics on theology, psychology, and human rights. He is the author of the book ""Sex, Sharia and"
"support such a judgement. Over the next few days, Iranian officials offered a bounty of $6 million for killing Rushdie, who was thus forced to live under police protection for the next nine years. On 7 March 1989, the United Kingdom and Iran broke diplomatic relations over the Rushdie controversy. On 18 February, Iran's President Ali Khamenei (who would later that year succeed Khomeini as Supreme Leader) suggested that if Rushdie ""apologises and disowns the book, people may forgive him"". Following this, Rushdie issued ""a carefully worded statement"", saying: I recognize that Muslims in many parts of the world are"
"politician Norman Tebbit, the party's former chairman, called Rushdie an ""outstanding villain"" whose ""public life has been a record of despicable acts of betrayal of his upbringing, religion, adopted home and nationality"". Journalist Christopher Hitchens staunchly defended Rushdie and urged critics to condemn the violence of the fatwa instead of blaming the novel or the author. Hitchens understood the fatwa to be the opening shot in a cultural war on freedom. Despite a conciliatory statement by Iran in 1998, and Rushdie's declaration that he would stop living in hiding, the Iranian state news agency reported in 2006 that the fatwa"
"His novel ""Luka and the Fire of Life"" was published in November 2010. Earlier that year, he announced that he was writing his memoirs, entitled """", which was published in September 2012. In 2012, Salman Rushdie became one of the first major authors to embrace Booktrack (a company that synchronises ebooks with customised soundtracks), when he published his short story ""In the South"" on the platform. The Year 2015 saw the publication of Rushdie's novel Two Years Eight Months and Twenty-Eight Nights, a shift back to his old beloved technique of magic realism. This novel is designed in the structure"
"apology from a former police driver who had written ""appalling lies"" about the novelist and essayist Sir Salman Rushdie in a book he wrote. One allegation was that Rushdie had profited from the fatwa issued against him after publishing ""The Satanic Verses"". January 2010 brought the first – known colloquially as the ""alphabet soup case"" – in the (then) new UK Supreme Court, Stephens represented several media organisations to argue that the names of several people who were accused of funding terrorist organisations should have their anonymity stripped. The judges agreed with the media and ruled that the names should"
"natural voice."" Wiggins lived in London for 16 years, and for brief periods in Paris, Brussels and Rome. In January 1988, she married the novelist Salman Rushdie in London. On February 14, 1989 the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini issued a ""Fatwa"" ordering Rushdie's assassination for alleged blasphemy in his book, ""The Satanic Verses"". Although Wiggins had told Rushdie only five days prior that she wished to end their marriage, she nevertheless went into hiding along with him. In 1993, the two divorced. Wiggins currently lives in Los Angeles, California, where she has been in the English department of the University of"
"the prayer meeting breaks up"". He discusses the 1989 fatwa issued on author and friend Salman Rushdie by the Ayatollah Khomeini because of the contents of Rushdie's book ""The Satanic Verses"". He criticises several public figures for laying the blame for the incident on Rushdie himself. He also writes about the events following the September 11 attacks, describing how religion, particularly major religious figures, allowed matters to ""deteriorate in the interval between the removal of the Taliban and the overthrow of Saddam Hussein"". Hitchens discusses the prohibition on eating pigs (""porcophobia"" as Hitchens calls it) in Judaism, also adopted by"
"the hero of Muslims."" Canadian author and Muslim Irshad Manji pointed out that Pakistan's Parliament has been silent on Islamist ""assaults on fellow believers"" in Iraq and Afghanistan, writing ""I am offended that amid the internecine carnage, a professed atheist named Salman Rushdie tops the to-do list."" In reaction to the announcement of the knighthood, the Pakistan Ulema Council bestowed Osama bin Laden with the title ""Saifullah"", or sword of Allah. Their chairman, Tahir Ashrafi, said ""We have awarded this title in reply to Britain's decision to knight blasphemer Rushdie. If a blasphemer can be given the title 'Sir' by"
"The Ground Beneath Her Feet The Ground Beneath Her Feet is Salman Rushdie's sixth novel. Published in 1999, it is a variation on the Orpheus/Eurydice myth with rock music replacing Orpheus' lyre. The myth works as a red thread from which the author sometimes strays, but to which he attaches an endless series of references. The book, while at its core detailing the love of two men, Ormus Cama and Umeed ""Rai"" Merchant (the narrator of the story), for the same woman, Vina Apsara, provides a background and alternate history to the entire 1950s–1990s period of the growth of rock"
"The Ground Beneath Her Feet The Ground Beneath Her Feet is Salman Rushdie's sixth novel. Published in 1999, it is a variation on the Orpheus/Eurydice myth with rock music replacing Orpheus' lyre. The myth works as a red thread from which the author sometimes strays, but to which he attaches an endless series of references. The book, while at its core detailing the love of two men, Ormus Cama and Umeed ""Rai"" Merchant (the narrator of the story), for the same woman, Vina Apsara, provides a background and alternate history to the entire 1950s–1990s period of the growth of rock"
"Hindu."" In 1990, in the ""hope that it would reduce the threat of Muslims acting on the fatwa to kill him,"" he issued a statement claiming he had renewed his Muslim faith, had repudiated the attacks on Islam made by characters in his novel and was committed to working for better understanding of the religion across the world. However, Rushdie later said that he was only ""pretending"". His books often focus on the role of religion in society and conflicts between faiths and between the religious and those of no faith. Rushdie advocates the application of higher criticism, pioneered during"
"and disappear, amid disturbingly conflicting testimonies from observers about whether they just drowned or were in fact miraculously able to cross the sea. A third dream sequence presents the figure of a fanatic expatriate religious leader, the ""Imam"", in a late-20th-century setting. This figure is a transparent allusion to the life of Ruhollah Khomeini in his Parisian exile, but it is also linked through various recurrent narrative motifs to the figure of the ""Messenger"". Overall, the book received favourable reviews from literary critics. In a 2003 volume of criticism of Rushdie's career, the influential critic Harold Bloom named ""The Satanic"