Of what is malacology the study?
"(1981), the Haitian gourde (1973), the Nepalese rupee (1989) and Philippine peso (1993). Conchology Conchology (from ""konkhos"", ""cockle"") is the study of mollusc shells. Conchology is one aspect of malacology, the study of molluscs; however, malacology is the study of molluscs as whole organisms, whereas conchology is confined to the study of their shells. It includes the study of land and freshwater mollusc shells as well as seashells and extends to the study of a gastropod's operculum. Conchology is now sometimes seen as an archaic study, because relying on only one aspect of an organism's morphology can be misleading. However,"
"Malacological Society of London The Malacological Society of London is a British learned society and charitable organisation concerned with malacology, the study of molluscs, a large phylum of invertebrate animals divided into nine or ten taxonomic classes, of which two are extinct. Founded in 1893, the Society was one of the earliest such national bodies anywhere in the world concerned only with molluscs, although the Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland is older. The Society was founded in 1893 ""to advance education, research and learning for the public benefit in the study of Mollusca from both pure and applied"
"the UK: In other countries: Malacological Society of London The Malacological Society of London is a British learned society and charitable organisation concerned with malacology, the study of molluscs, a large phylum of invertebrate animals divided into nine or ten taxonomic classes, of which two are extinct. Founded in 1893, the Society was one of the earliest such national bodies anywhere in the world concerned only with molluscs, although the Conchological Society of Great Britain and Ireland is older. The Society was founded in 1893 ""to advance education, research and learning for the public benefit in the study of Mollusca"
"a shell; there is some dispute as to whether these shell-bearing molluscs form a monophyletic group (conchifera) or whether shell-less molluscs are interleaved into their family tree. Malacology, the scientific study of molluscs as living organisms, has a branch devoted to the study of shells, and this is called conchology—although these terms used to be, and to a minor extent still are, used interchangeably, even by scientists (this is more common in Europe). Within some species of molluscs, there is often a wide degree of variation in the exact shape, pattern, ornamentation, and color of the shell. A mollusc shell"
"molluscan animal (as well as the shell) is known as malacology; a person who studies mollusks is known as a malacologist. Seashells are commonly found in beach drift, which is natural detritus deposited along strandlines on beaches by the waves and the tides. Shells are very often washed up onto a beach empty and clean, the animal having already died. Empty seashells are often picked up by beachcombers. However, the majority of seashells which are offered for sale commercially have been collected alive (often in bulk) and then killed and cleaned, specifically for the commercial trade. This type of large-scale"
"Netherlands Malacological Society The Nederlandse Malacologische Vereniging (NMV), known in English as the Netherlands Malacological Society or the Dutch Malacological Society, is a non-profit organisation based in the Netherlands. It is a society devoted to malacology (the study of molluscs) as well as conchology (the study of mollusc shells). The NMV was founded in 1934, and the members include both professionals and amateurs. The NMV created a European malacological society which later became the global society Unitas Malacologica. The society publishes three periodicals: the scientific journal ""Basteria"", ""Vita Malacologica"" (a twice-annual themed supplement to ""Basteria"" published only in English) and"
"Mycology Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their genetic and biochemical properties, their taxonomy and their use to humans as a source for tinder, medicine, food, and entheogens, as well as their dangers, such as toxicity or infection. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist. Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases, and the two disciplines remain closely related because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. Historically, mycology was a branch of botany because, although fungi are evolutionarily more closely related to animals than"
"Anthracology Anthracology (from ""anthrax"" (ἄνθραξ), the Greek word for coal) is a multidisciplinary science that relies on the analysis and identification of charcoal based on wood anatomy, which remains perfectly preserved after carbonization. Remains of carbonized wood may come from archaeological sites or from sediments, and make evidence either of natural or anthropogenic paleofires or of several aspects of human activity. Anthracological studies may also be applied to extant material, in which case they can focus either on the anatomical description of reference material or on the inspection of charcoal of illegal provenience. The identification of species from carbonized wood"
"Thracology Thracology is the scientific study of Ancient Thrace and Thracian antiquities and is a regional and thematic branch of the larger disciplines of ancient history and archaeology. A practitioner of the discipline is a Thracologist. Thracology investigates the range of ancient Thracian culture (language, literature, history, religion, art, economics and ethics) from 1000 BC up to the end of Roman rule in the 4th–7th centuries AD. Modern Thracology (as opposed to an antiquarian interest in the land of Thrace) started with the work of Wilhelm Tomaschek in the late 19th century. In the second part of the 20th century,"
"Dacology Dacology is a branch of Thracology which focuses on the scientific study of Dacia and Dacian antiquities and is a regional and thematic branch of the larger disciplines of ancient history and archaeology. A practitioner of the discipline is a Dacologist. Dacology investigates the range of ancient Dacian culture (language, literature, history, religion, art, economics, and ethics) from c. 1000 BC up to the end of Roman rule in the 4th-7th centuries. It is directly subordinated to Thracology, since Dacians are considered a branch of the Thracians by most mainstream research and historical sources. Other theories sustain that the"
"""Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London"", an international journal to disseminate new research work on molluscs, and also a bulletin, ""The Malacologist"", for its own members, to which there is free access on the Society's web site. The Society organises meetings and symposia and seeks to advance education about and awareness of molluscs. It gives prizes for contributions in its field and makes awards to students (and also to others who are not employed) to enable them to travel and research malacological subjects. An annual Malacological Society ""Molluscan Forum"" takes place at the Natural History Museum, London, with the"
"Archiv für Molluskenkunde Archiv für Molluskenkunde is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Senckenberg Nature Research Society, covering research in malacology. ""Archiv für Molluskenkunde"" publishes original research on all aspects of molluscan biodiversity, preferably on systematics, taxonomy, phylogeny and morphology, also accepting research on ecology and biogeography of all groups of molluscs, both Recent and fossil from the Cenozoic. Articles are in English. ""Archiv für Molluskenkunde"" derives from the ""Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft"" [""Newsletter of the German Malacological Society""], first published in 1868. Hence it is the oldest malacological journal still publishing. The name changed in 1921, but"
"(Celtic Studies and Narrative) in 1986 and her doctorate in Folklore and Mythology (Medieval Studies and Indo-European Comparative Mythology) in 1991. Her areas of expertise include: Folklore; Mythology; King Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table; American Literature; Ancient History; Ancient Literature; Arthurian Studies; Canon Law; Celtic Studies; Comparative Mythology; English Literature; Fiction and Nonfiction Writing; Folklore; Indo European Studies; Late Antiquity; Medieval Art; Medieval Culture; Medieval History; Medieval Languages; Medieval Literature; Medieval Liturgical and Cycle Dramas; Medieval Spirituality; Narrative; Renaissance History; Roman Religions; and Screenwriting. Dr. Malcor is a Freelance Researcher, and Writer. She is an international lecturer,"
"Macroecology Macroecology is the subfield of ecology that deals with the study of relationships between organisms and their environment at large spatial scales to characterise and explain statistical patterns of abundance, distribution and diversity. The term was coined by James Brown of the University of New Mexico and Brian Maurer of Michigan State University in a 1989 paper in ""Science"". Macroecology approaches the idea of studying ecosystems using a ""top down"" approach. It seeks understanding through the study of the properties of the system as a whole; Kevin Gaston and Tim Blackburn make the analogy to seeing the forest for"
"Myrmecology Myrmecology (; from Greek: μύρμηξ, ""myrmex"", ""ant"" and λόγος, ""logos"", ""study"") is a branch of entomology focusing on the scientific study of ants. Some early myrmecologists considered ant society as the ideal form of society and sought to find solutions to human problems by studying them. Ants continue to be a model of choice for the study of questions on the evolution of social systems because of their complex and varied forms of eusociality (social organization). Their diversity and prominence in ecosystems also has made them important components in the study of biodiversity and conservation. Recently, ant colonies are"
"controversial Dacomanic group around Napoleon Săvescu, thus making the term Dacology synonymous with Protochronism in this ambiance. Dacology Dacology is a branch of Thracology which focuses on the scientific study of Dacia and Dacian antiquities and is a regional and thematic branch of the larger disciplines of ancient history and archaeology. A practitioner of the discipline is a Dacologist. Dacology investigates the range of ancient Dacian culture (language, literature, history, religion, art, economics, and ethics) from c. 1000 BC up to the end of Roman rule in the 4th-7th centuries. It is directly subordinated to Thracology, since Dacians are considered"
"Mesology Mesology (Ancient Greek μέσος, ""mésos"" ""middle"" and -λογια ""-logia"" ""branch of study"") is a former term for the science ecology or the study of the mutual interrelationships between the living creatures and their biological, social, and environmental surroundings. (Not to be confused with mesology as being """"the study of ways of achieving happiness"""".) The term mesology was introduced by the English color theorist and philosopher, George Field (1777-1854) in a book published in 1839, ""Outlines of Analogical Philosophy"". The term was later discussed in 1860 in a book by Louis-Adolphe Bertillon. Similar in spirit to Field's interpretation, Bertillon's aim"
"Mammalogy In zoology, mammalogy is the study of mammals – a class of vertebrates with characteristics such as homeothermic metabolism, fur, four-chambered hearts, and complex nervous systems. Mammalogy has also been known as ""mastology,"" ""theriology,"" and ""therology."" There are about 4,200 different species of mammals. The major branches of mammalogy include natural history, taxonomy and systematics, anatomy and physiology, ethology, ecology, and management and control. The approximate salary of a mammalogist varies from $20,000 to $60,000 a year, depending on their experience. Mammalogists are typically involved in activities such as conducting research, managing personnel, and writing proposals. Mammalogy branches off"
"from native forests. Anthracology Anthracology (from ""anthrax"" (ἄνθραξ), the Greek word for coal) is a multidisciplinary science that relies on the analysis and identification of charcoal based on wood anatomy, which remains perfectly preserved after carbonization. Remains of carbonized wood may come from archaeological sites or from sediments, and make evidence either of natural or anthropogenic paleofires or of several aspects of human activity. Anthracological studies may also be applied to extant material, in which case they can focus either on the anatomical description of reference material or on the inspection of charcoal of illegal provenience. The identification of species"
"Carcinology Carcinology is a branch of zoology that consists of the study of crustaceans, a group of arthropods that includes lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, barnacles and crabs. Other names for carcinology are malacostracology, crustaceology, and crustalogy, and a person who studies crustaceans is a ""carcinologist"" or occasionally a ""malacostracologist"", a ""crustaceologist"", or a ""crustalogist"". The word ""carcinology"" derives from Greek , ""karkínos"", ""crab""; and , ""-logia"". Carcinology is a subdivision of arthropodology, the study of arthropods which includes arachnids, insects, and myriapods. Carcinology branches off into taxonomically oriented disciplines such as: Scientific journals devoted to the study of crustaceans include:"
"Carcinology Carcinology is a branch of zoology that consists of the study of crustaceans, a group of arthropods that includes lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, barnacles and crabs. Other names for carcinology are malacostracology, crustaceology, and crustalogy, and a person who studies crustaceans is a ""carcinologist"" or occasionally a ""malacostracologist"", a ""crustaceologist"", or a ""crustalogist"". The word ""carcinology"" derives from Greek , ""karkínos"", ""crab""; and , ""-logia"". Carcinology is a subdivision of arthropodology, the study of arthropods which includes arachnids, insects, and myriapods. Carcinology branches off into taxonomically oriented disciplines such as: Scientific journals devoted to the study of crustaceans include:"
"other taxa of molluscs were named by others in honor of him, including: Bibliography from French Wikipedia version . Jacques Philippe Raymond Draparnaud Jacques Philippe Raymond Draparnaud (3 June 1772, Montpellier – 2 February 1804) was a French naturalist, malacologist and botanist. Draparnaud is considered the father of malacology in France. He was professor of medicine and pathology at the Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier. Draparnaud understood the breadth of the fauna he studied, as can be seen in a quote from him, in ""Histoire Naturelle des Mollusques"", published in 1805:Au reste, quoique j'aie décrit pour la France seule un"
"The Veliger The Veliger was a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering malacology. The journal was established in 1958 and published its last issue in September, 2014. It was published by the California Malacozoological Society and Northern California Malacozoological Club. The journal is abstracted and indexed by: According to the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 0.462. In March 2015 it was reported that ""The Veliger"" had been hijacked by a journal calling itself ""Veliger: An International Journal in Science"". In contrast to the real journal, the fake one has a website, and covers all areas of"
"Scatology In medicine and biology, scatology or coprology is the study of feces. Scatological studies allow one to determine a wide range of biological information about a creature, including its diet (and thus where it has been), health and diseases such as tapeworms. The word derives from the Greek ( ) meaning ""dung, feces""; ""coprology"" derives from the Greek of similar meaning. A comprehensive study of scatology was documented by John Gregory Bourke under the title "" Rites of All Nations"" (1891). An abbreviated version of the work (with a foreword by Sigmund Freud), was published as ""The Portable Scatalog"""
"past. According to Alexander Fol, the concept of ""Mycenean Thrace"" was first developed in 1973 in order to explain the relative cultural unity between the Thracians and the Myceneans. Thracology Thracology is the scientific study of Ancient Thrace and Thracian antiquities and is a regional and thematic branch of the larger disciplines of ancient history and archaeology. A practitioner of the discipline is a Thracologist. Thracology investigates the range of ancient Thracian culture (language, literature, history, religion, art, economics and ethics) from 1000 BC up to the end of Roman rule in the 4th–7th centuries AD. Modern Thracology (as opposed"
"Jacques Philippe Raymond Draparnaud Jacques Philippe Raymond Draparnaud (3 June 1772, Montpellier – 2 February 1804) was a French naturalist, malacologist and botanist. Draparnaud is considered the father of malacology in France. He was professor of medicine and pathology at the Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier. Draparnaud understood the breadth of the fauna he studied, as can be seen in a quote from him, in ""Histoire Naturelle des Mollusques"", published in 1805:Au reste, quoique j'aie décrit pour la France seule un bien plus grand nombre d'espèces que Muller et Schroeter n'ent ont fait connoître pour l'Europe entière, et trois fois"
"Mineralogy Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, as well as their utilization. Early writing on mineralogy, especially on gemstones, comes from ancient Babylonia, the ancient Greco-Roman world, ancient and medieval China, and Sanskrit texts from ancient India and the ancient Islamic World. Books on the subject included the ""Naturalis Historia"" of Pliny the Elder, which not only described many different minerals but"
"Turkology Turkology (or Turcology) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of people speaking Turkic languages and Turkic peoples in chronological and comparative context. This includes ethnic groups from the Sakha in East Siberia to the Balkan Turks and Gagauz in Moldova. Ethnological information on Turkic tribes for the first time was systemized by the 11th-century Turkic philologist Mahmud al-Kashgari in the ""Dīwān ul-Lughat it-Turk"" (Dictionary of Turkic language). Multi-lingual dictionaries were compiled from the late 13th century for the practical application of participants in international trade and political life: Kipchak (Cuman)-Persian-Latin-German ""Codex"
"Calceology Calceology (from Latin ""calcei"" ""shoes"" and , ""-logiā"", ""-logy"") is the study of footwear, especially historical footwear whether as archaeology, shoe fashion history, or otherwise. It is not yet formally recognized as a field of research. Calceology comprises the examination, registration, research and conservation of leather shoe fragments. A wider definition includes the general study of the ancient footwear, its social and cultural history, technical aspects of pre-industrial shoemaking and associated leather trades, as well as reconstruction of archaeological footwear. Among the early studies of footwear from European archaeological excavations, Roman period footwear figures prominently followed by medieval period"
"other attitude is one of self-disgust and misanthropy. This is found in the works of the Earl of Rochester and Jonathan Swift. Scatology In medicine and biology, scatology or coprology is the study of feces. Scatological studies allow one to determine a wide range of biological information about a creature, including its diet (and thus where it has been), health and diseases such as tapeworms. The word derives from the Greek ( ) meaning ""dung, feces""; ""coprology"" derives from the Greek of similar meaning. A comprehensive study of scatology was documented by John Gregory Bourke under the title "" Rites"
"""mycology"", which is derived from the Greek ""mykes"" (μύκης ""mushroom"") and ""logos"" (λόγος ""discourse""), to denote the scientific study of fungi is thought to have originated in 1836 with English naturalist Miles Joseph Berkeley's publication ""The English Flora of Sir James Edward Smith, Vol. 5."" A group of all the fungi present in a particular area or geographic region is known as mycobiota (plural noun, no singular), e.g., ""the mycobiota of Ireland"". Before the introduction of molecular methods for phylogenetic analysis, taxonomists considered fungi to be members of the plant kingdom because of similarities in lifestyle: both fungi and plants"
"20th century, including the unexplained and sudden disappearance of honey bees in a phenomenon known as colony collapse disorder. Anthecology Anthecology, or pollination biology, is the study of pollination as well as the relationships between flowers and their pollinators. Floral biology is a bigger field that includes these studies. Most flowering plants, or angiosperms, are pollinated by animals, and especially by insects. The major flower-frequenting insect taxa include beetles, flies, wasps, bees, ants, thrips, butterflies, and moths. Insects carry out pollination when visiting flowers to obtain nectar or pollen, to prey on other species, or when pseudo-copulating with insect-mimicking flowers"
"Myra Keen Angeline Myra Keen (1905–1986) was an American malacologist and invertebrate paleontologist. She was an expert on the evolution of marine mollusks. With a PhD in psychology. Keen went from being a volunteer, identifying shells at Stanford, and having no formal training in biology or geology, to being one of the world's foremost malacologists. She was called the ""First Lady of Malacology"". Myra Keen was born on May 23, 1905 in Colorado Springs, Colorado to parents Ernest Byron and Mary Thurston Keen. Pursuing being a concert pianist was Myra's first goal even before pursuing earth sciences, classical music was"