The Wachau (say Vak-ow) is a principal wine growing area of which country?
"wines up to 11.5% alcohol level, ""Federspiel"" for wines between 11.5–12.5% and ""Smaragd"" that must have a minimum of 12.5% alcohol level. Despite its renown, the Wachau is a small wine region that usually accounts for only around 3% of Austria's wine production. Archeological evidence suggests that viticulture may have been introduced to the lands around the Danube by the Celtic tribes, most notably the La Tène and Noricum federation, prior to the Roman influence that came into the area following conquest around the 1st century BCE. Viticulture continued to flourish under Roman rule, with the introduction of Roman technology"
"to constitute at least 85% of the grape variety. Similarly, at least 85% of the grapes from a given harvest must come from the a vintage year on the label. The Vinea Wachau is an organization of Wachau producers who united in 1983 to create a trade association that will not only promote Wachau wines worldwide but also protect the image and integrity of the Wachau wine region. Using the historical seal of Leuthold I von Kuenring (1243–1313), a local Ministerialengeschlecht or knight of the powerful Kuenringer family, the organization outlined the ""Vinea Wachau Nobilis Districtus"" or ""heart of Wachau"""
"often necessary during the peak months of the growing season when yearly rain totals fall below . The vineyard soils of the Wachau are varied but consist primarily of rock outcrops with occasional layers of loess. The geography of the region is characterized by steep, rocky river banks (as steep as those found in the Mosel and Côte-Rôtie) that have had vineyards terraced into the hillsides. Higher up on the hills, the soils are rich in iron deposits and contain mixtures of gneiss, granite and slate. Closer to the river and in the flatter plains areas that dot the region,"
"Wachau wine region. The Müller-Thurgau grape is the leading planting of the area at and 18.4% (2008 figures) followed by Riesling at 14.5% and Weissburgunder (Pinot blanc) at 11.9%. The majority of the wine production, around 90%, is in dry wine. The most cultivated grape varieties, by area in 2008, were: Saxony (wine region) Saxony (""Sachsen"") is a region for quality wine in Germany located in the German federal state of Saxony. The region is sometimes referred to colloquially as ""the Elbtal"" (Elbe valley). The wine region covers , which makes it Germany's third smallest region, just ahead of Mittelrhein"
"Wahluke Slope AVA Established in 2006 The Wahluke Slope AVA Wahluke, was named after a Native American word for ""watering place,"" is an American Viticultural area located within Grant County, Washington and is home to more than 20 vineyards and at least three wine production facilitiesIt is part of the larger Columbia Valley AVA. The 80,490 acre region features approximately 8,931 acres of vineyards: nearly 15 percent of the total wine grape acreage in the state. Top grape varieties: Merlot, Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling, Chardonnay, and Chenin Blanc, but this area is primarily known for Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. The"
"Hawaii wine Hawaii wine refers to wine made from the U.S. state of Hawaii. The island of Maui is where the bulk of the state's wine is produced though there is some production on the island of Hawaii. The state mainly produces fruit wine such as a pineapple sparkling wine. The Symphony grape is the principal grape wine made in the state and produces an off-dry, fruity white wine. Viticulture in Hawaii is made possible by the higher elevation of the area's volcanic mountains and ridges. A law passed in 2001 and signed by Governor Ben Cayetano opened up the"
"20th century, the Wachau would gain a global reputation for the quality of its dry Riesling and Grüner Veltliner. Then the 1985 diethylene glycol wine scandal, caused by producers outside the Wachau, gained international attention and caused a dramatic drop in sales for Austrian wines across the board. The Wachau, along with the rest of the Austrian wine industry, responded to the scandal with the development of strict wine laws and quality assurances. Producers in the Wachau already had a head start on this movement with the development a couple years earlier of the Vinea Wachau in 1983, a collaborative"
"more similar to the wines of Alsace than of their German counterparts. Unlike most Austrian wines which follow a classification system similar to Germany (which includes wines labeled based on must weight at harvest such as Spätlese, Auslese, etc.), the Wachau has its own classification system for quality wine. In favorable vintages, producers may experience botrytis and can produce botrytized wines that carry the same classification as their counterparts in other Austrian wine regions—namely Beerenauslese and Trockenbeerenauslese. The Wachau designations include: Like other Austrian wines, wines from the Wachau are usually labeled by varietal with the grape variety listed needing"
"mentioned above, the Vinea Wachau Nobilis Districtus still clings to its own classification of Steinfeder, Federspiel and Smaragd, reserved for wines that are made 100% from Wachau grapes. Downstream of the Wachau lies the Kremstal region, centred on the town of Krems. The valley opens out a little, the climate is a little warmer allowing more red wine to be produced, but otherwise Kremstal is quite similar to the Wachau. To the north of Krems lies Langenlois, which is the main town of Kamptal, the valley of the river Kamp. The sandstone slopes are so steep that only a thin"
"Yakima Valley AVA The Yakima Valley AVA was the first American Viticultural Area established within Washington State, gaining the recognition in 1983. Part of the larger Columbia Valley AVA, Yakima Valley AVA is home to more than of vineyards, giving the area the largest concentration of wineries and vineyards in the state of Washington. The most widely planted varietals in the area are Chardonnay, Riesling, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot gris, and Syrah. Nearly 40% of Washington state yearly wine production is made from Yakima Valley grapes. In addition to grapes, the Yakima Valley is also home to several fruit orchards"
"as the Wagram region) and in the Wachau region of Lower Austria. Along the Danube river warm air currents come in from the Pannonian Basin to the east and blow westward, warming the vines. This area tends to produce more full bodied wines with peach flavor notes. The Weinviertel region in the northeast, along the border with the Czech Republic and Slovakia, is home to more than half of all Austrian Grüner Veltliner with 8,529 hectares (21,076 acres) reported in 2012. Here the grape can achieve very high yields (up to 100 hectoliters/hectare or 5.7 tonnes/acre) and can produce simple,"
"state. Wahluke Slope AVA Established in 2006 The Wahluke Slope AVA Wahluke, was named after a Native American word for ""watering place,"" is an American Viticultural area located within Grant County, Washington and is home to more than 20 vineyards and at least three wine production facilitiesIt is part of the larger Columbia Valley AVA. The 80,490 acre region features approximately 8,931 acres of vineyards: nearly 15 percent of the total wine grape acreage in the state. Top grape varieties: Merlot, Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling, Chardonnay, and Chenin Blanc, but this area is primarily known for Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon."
"nitrogen production. It benefits from being 850 m up in the Tian Shan mountains of the southeast of the country. Other wineries include Bakhus and the Turgen Winery. There are 210 hectares of vineyards in the Zailiyskiy region of the Almaty Oblast. In Soviet times there were vineyards and wineries in the Sarkand and Alakol regions of Dzhungar Alatau, in the Almaty Oblast, but these were hit hard by the breakup of the Soviet Union. Kazakh wine Kazakh wine is wine made in Kazakhstan. The roots of the Kazakh wine industry can be traced to the 7th century AD when"
"Kazakh wine Kazakh wine is wine made in Kazakhstan. The roots of the Kazakh wine industry can be traced to the 7th century AD when grapevines were brought to the region from neighboring Uzbekistan and China. While only around 4% of the land in Kazakhstan is ideally situated for viticulture, the country does manage to produce over 6.2 million gallons (236,000 hl) of wine annually from . Buoyed by its mineral wealth, the country is an enthusiastic consumer of wine but must import 80% of the 30 m bottles it drinks. The earliest evidence of viticulture in Kazakhstan appear during"
"quoted the description from the famous British wine critic Hugh Johnson that China is arising wine country. The red wine made by Ningxia Chateau Changyu Moser XV is very easy to be taken as a product similar to those produced in Bordeaux. 6.Wall Street Journal According to a 2009 report by the ""Wall Street Journal"", Morgan Stanley included Changyu in its basket of stocks which, as it appraised, would probably benefit from China's growing consumption expenditures. 1.Changyu was the pioneer of Shandong wine industry and now absolutely is the industrial leader. —Jancis Robinson, British wine master. 2.Changyu demonstrates how to"
"and widely planted grape in the area, followed by Merlot, Syrah, Sangiovese, and Cabernet Franc. ""As of 2007:"" Walla Walla Valley AVA The Walla Walla Valley AVA is an American Viticultural Area located within Washington State and extending partly into the northeastern corner of Oregon. The wine region is entirely included within the larger Columbia Valley AVA. In addition to grapes, the area produces sweet onions, wheat and strawberries. After the Yakima Valley AVA, the Walla Walla AVA has the second highest concentration of vineyards and wineries in Washington State. The area is named after the Walla Walla river valley."
"vineyards with nearly every major Washington wine maker securing at least some of their grapes from this appellation. Red Willow Vineyard near Wapato stands at the highest point in the Yakima Valley AVA at above sea level. The vineyard is known as the primary grape supplier to Columbia Winery. It was from this vineyard that winemaker David Lake produced the first Syrah in Washington state. Chardonnay is a popular planting in this cool climate appellation with most wine growers preferring a single clonal variety. Nearly any grape can ripen at some location within this diverse AVA. The most sought after"
"systems including cool, moist air from the Waldviertel forests of the northwest with warmer air coming from the east off the Pannonian Plain. This creates a continental climate with marked diurnal temperature variations that include a dramatic drop in nighttime temperatures. Along with the moderating influence of the Danube river, the Wachau has a macroclimate which includes constant air and heat circulation, allowing for sugars and phenolic compounds to build up during the day but acids and aromas to be preserved by the cooler nights. This creates white wines that tend to be high in extract and acidity. Irrigation is"
"in valleys around Stellenbosch, Franschhoek, Paarl and Barrydale. South African wine has a history dating back to 1659, and at one time Constantia was considered one of the greatest wines in the world. Access to international markets has unleashed a burst of new energy and new investment. Production is concentrated around Cape Town, with major vineyard and production centres at Paarl, Stellenbosch and Worcester. There are about 60 appellations within the Wine of Origin (WO) system, which was implemented in 1973 with a hierarchy of designated production regions, districts and wards. WO wines must be made 100% from grapes from"
"Turkish wine Turkish wine is wine made in the transcontinental Eurasian country Turkey. The Caucasus region, where Georgia and Iran are located, played a pivotal role in the early history of wine and is likely to have been one of the earliest wine-producing regions of the world. Ampelographers estimate that Turkey is home to between 600–1200 indigenous varieties of ""Vitis vinifera"" (the European grapevine), though less than 60 of these are grown commercially. With over planted under vine, Turkey is the world's fourth-leading producer of grapes for wine production. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Turkey's first president, established the country's first commercial"
"and ethno-linguistic groups. Transcaucasia, in particular where modern-day Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran are located, is one of the native areas of the wine-producing vine ""Vitis vinifera"". Some experts speculate that Transcaucasia may be the birthplace of wine production. Archaeological excavations and carbon dating of grape seeds from the area have dated back to 7000–5000 BC. Wine found in Iran has been dated to BC and BC, while wine found in Georgia has been dated to BC. The earliest winery, dated to BC, was found in Armenia. Transcaucasia Transcaucasia (), (, ) or the South Caucasus (), () is"
"Wine in China Wine (Chinese: ""pútáojiǔ"" ""grape alcohol"") has a long history in China. Although long overshadowed by ""huangjiu"" (sometimes translated as ""yellow wine"") and the much stronger distilled spirit ""baijiu"", wine consumption has grown dramatically since the economic reforms of the 1980s. China is now numbered among the top ten global markets for wine. Ties with French producers are especially strong, and Ningxia wines have received international recognition. Use of wild grapes in production of alcoholic beverages has been attested at the Jiahu archaeological site (c. 7000 BC). In 1995, a joint Sino-USA archaeology team including archaeologists from the"
"of a larger trend of increase in cold-climate winemaking. In many cases, new vineyards have been created in areas previously known for orchards. Wine production occurs in both Wallonia and Flanders. As French is one of Belgium's official languages, the official terms used for Belgian wine regions are the same as those for French wine. Belgium has five officially demarcated ""Appellations d'origine contrôlées"" (AOCs), four in Flanders and one in Wallonia, and two ""Vin de pays"" regions. Hageland, situated in Flemish Brabant close to Leuven, was the first AOC was created, in 1997. AOC Haspengouw (Hesbaye) followed in 2000, located"
"French wine growing regions of Bordeaux and Burgundy. The northern latitude gives the areas two more hours of additional daylight during the summer growing season than wine regions of California receive. The volcanic and sandy loam soil of the valley offers good drainage and is poor in nutrients, ideal in forcing the vine to concentrate its resources into the grape clusters. Nine smaller AVAs designate unique growing areas of special distinction within the larger Columbia Valley AVA. These are the Ancient Lakes AVA, Yakima Valley AVA, the Red Mountain AVA, the Walla Walla Valley AVA, the Horse Heaven Hills AVA,"
"Macabeo Macabeo, also called Viura or Macabeu (, ) is a white variety of wine grape. It is widely grown in the Rioja region of northeastern Spain, the Cava producing areas south of Barcelona, and the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France. Spanish plantations stood at near in 2004, and French plantations at in 2007. The grape is mostly used to make mildly acidic and young white wines mostly suitable for early consumption or blending with other varieties, both red and white. Some of the most pleasurable examples of the variety are planted along the Pyrenees, where it is used to produce"
"still being produced today by the state run vineyards of Tekel near the town of Elazığ by the Euphrates river. Turkish wine Turkish wine is wine made in the transcontinental Eurasian country Turkey. The Caucasus region, where Georgia and Iran are located, played a pivotal role in the early history of wine and is likely to have been one of the earliest wine-producing regions of the world. Ampelographers estimate that Turkey is home to between 600–1200 indigenous varieties of ""Vitis vinifera"" (the European grapevine), though less than 60 of these are grown commercially. With over planted under vine, Turkey is"
"other growers. Two of the wines are matured in traditional French oak barrels, and traditional French and German wine making techniques feature strongly in most of the wines produced by the vineyard. Wickham Vineyards Wickham Vineyards are a vineyard and wine maker in England, located in Wickham, Hampshire. Established in 1984, the vineyard occupies of a estate. One of the white wines, named ""Fumé"", that the vineyard produces is served as the United Kingdom House of Commons house wine. As well as the areas set aside for vines, the estate also comprises the winery, a single building where the grapes"
"century, the first proper winery was established in Yamanashi. After the second half of the 20th century, production of Japanese Wine from locally grown grapes increased dramatically. There are now more than 80 wineries in Yamanashi Prefecture; they turn out about 40% of Japan’s domestic wine production, and Yamanashi has 95% of the Koshu plantings in the country. Koshu (grape) Koshu (甲州 ""kōshū"") is a white wine grape variety that has been grown primarily in Yamanashi Prefecture of Japan. Though long thought to be of exclusively European origin, it is now known to be a hybrid (probably naturally occurring) of"
"entire glass being finished at once. This is particularly true when served during restaurant meals. Wine in China Wine (Chinese: ""pútáojiǔ"" ""grape alcohol"") has a long history in China. Although long overshadowed by ""huangjiu"" (sometimes translated as ""yellow wine"") and the much stronger distilled spirit ""baijiu"", wine consumption has grown dramatically since the economic reforms of the 1980s. China is now numbered among the top ten global markets for wine. Ties with French producers are especially strong, and Ningxia wines have received international recognition. Use of wild grapes in production of alcoholic beverages has been attested at the Jiahu archaeological"
"Vacqueyras AOC Vacqueyras is a French wine ""Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée"" (AOC) in the southern Rhône wine region of France, along the banks of the River Ouvèze.It is primarily a red wine region with some white and rosé wines being produced. Being a little brother of Châteauneuf-du-Pape and, arguably, Gigondas, the wine is moderately prestigious and can yield pleasing results when treated correctly. Wine has been produced in the region since the 15th century. However records are sparse, reduced to mentioning large vineyards and a decree on how to keep hungry goats away from the grapes. Vacqueyras received the A.O.C. Côtes"
"Washington wine Washington wine is wine produced from grape varieties grown in the U.S. state of Washington. Washington ranks second in the United States (behind California) in the production of wine. By 2011, the state had over of vineyards, a harvest of of grapes, and exports going to over 40 countries around the world from the 850+ wineries located in the state. While there are some viticultural activities in the cooler, wetter western half of the state, the majority (99.9%) of wine grape production takes place in the shrub-steppe eastern half. The rain shadow of the Cascade Range leaves the"
"the Loire Valley). In Spain, paradoxically, Castile-La Mancha accounts for 50% of the Spanish vineyards, producing mostly white wine on a very large production area in a high temperature zone. The Catalonia region produces a lot of white grapes which are transformed into Sparkling wine called ""Cava"". The producing area for Cava is 45,000 hectares out of a total producing area of 65,600 hectares. The Americas have developed both white and red wines, some of which are now recognized worldwide. White wines have to conquer hostile territories where red wine dominates such as the Rocky Mountains or Canada. In Canada,"
"Barakoni wine Barakoni () red wine is grown on the steep slopes of the Rioni gorge in the mountainous western region of Racha (modern-day Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti) in Georgia. This wine, made from Alexandreuli and Mudzhuretuli grapes (the same grapes from which Khvanchkara is made), is naturally semi-dry. Barakoni contains 10-12% alcohol, 1.5-2.5% sugar and has 5-7% titrated acidity. Produced since 1981, Barakoni wine is named after the Georgian Orthodox Barakoni Church of the Mother of God (Georgian: ბარაკონის ღვთისმშობლის ტაძარი), commonly known as Barakoni (ბარაკონი). It is an important surviving example of the medieval tradition of Georgian architecture."