Which Englishman (680-755) is known as The Apostle of Germany?
"Latin equivalent of ""apostle"", i.e. """", the source of the English word ""missionary"". For example, Saint Patrick (AD 373–463) was the ""Apostle of Ireland"", Saint Boniface (680–755) was the ""Apostle to the Germans"", Saint José de Anchieta (1534–1597) was the ""Apostle of Brazil"" and Saint Peter of Betancur (1626–1667) was the ""Apostle of Guatemala"". While Christian tradition often refers to the apostles as being twelve in number, different gospel writers give different names for the same individual, and apostles mentioned in one gospel are not mentioned in others. The commissioning of the Twelve Apostles during the ministry of Jesus is"
"of Jesus. Philip the Apostle Philip the Apostle (; , ""Philippos"") was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Greece, Syria, and Phrygia. In the Roman Rite, the feast day of Philip, along with that of James the Less, was traditionally observed on 1 May, the anniversary of the dedication of the church dedicated to them in Rome (now called the Church of the Twelve Apostles). The Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates Philip's feast day on 14 November. One of the Gnostic codices discovered in the Nag Hammadi library in"
"Augustine of Canterbury Augustine of Canterbury (born first third of the 6th century – died probably 26 May 604) was a Benedictine monk who became the first Archbishop of Canterbury in the year 597. He is considered the ""Apostle to the English"" and a founder of the English Church. Augustine was the prior of a monastery in Rome when Pope Gregory the Great chose him in 595 to lead a mission, usually known as the Gregorian mission, to Britain to Christianize King Æthelberht and his Kingdom of Kent from Anglo-Saxon paganism. Kent was probably chosen because Æthelberht had married a"
"Paul Luther Paul Luther (28 January 1533 – 8 March 1593) was a German physician, medical chemist, and alchemist. He was the third son of the German Protestant Reformer Martin Luther and was successively physician to John Frederick II, Duke of Saxony; Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg; Augustus, Elector of Saxony and his successor Christian I, Elector of Saxony. He taught alchemy to Anne of Denmark. Born at Wittenberg, the third son of Martin Luther by his marriage to Katharina von Bora, Luther was named after Saint Paul the Apostle and proved such an energetic child that his father"
"the Great. Gunther of Bamberg Gunther (1025/1030 – 23 July 1065) was a German nobleman and prelate of the Holy Roman Empire. He served as Chancellor of Italy from 1054 until 1057 and as Bishop of Bamberg from 1057 until his death. He was the leader of the Great German Pilgrimage of 1064–65, on which he died. Gunther was a regular at the imperial court, a man of luxurious living and a patron of letters. He revived High German literature with his commissioning of the ""Ezzolied"" on the eve of his pilgrimage. He was buried in a rich silk, the"
"Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII (German: ""Heinrich""; c. 1275 – 24 August 1313) was the King of Germany (or ""Rex Romanorum"") from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312. He was the first emperor of the House of Luxembourg. During his brief career he reinvigorated the imperial cause in Italy, which was racked with the partisan struggles between the divided Guelf and Ghibelline factions, and inspired the praise of Dino Compagni and Dante Alighieri. He was the first emperor since the death of Frederick II in 1250, ending the great interregnum of the Holy Roman Empire; however, his"
"Andrew the Apostle Andrew the Apostle (; , ""Andreas""; from the late 1st century BC – mid to late 1st century AD), also known as Saint Andrew and referred to in the Orthodox tradition as the First-Called (, ""Prōtoklētos""), was a Christian Apostle and the brother of Saint Peter. The name ""Andrew"" (Greek: manly, brave, from ἀνδρεία, ""Andreia"", ""manhood, valour""), like other Greek names, appears to have been common among the Jews, Christians, and other Hellenized people of Judea. No Hebrew or Aramaic name is recorded for him. According to Orthodox tradition, the apostolic successor to Saint Andrew is the"
"Worship"", used by the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America as well as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Canada, the feast date for Matthias is on 14 May. It is claimed that St Matthias the Apostle's remains are interred in the Abbey of St. Matthias, Trier, Germany, brought there through Empress Helena of Constantinople, mother of Emperor Constantine I (the Great). According to Greek sources, the remains of the apostle are buried in the castle of Gonio-Apsaros, Georgia. Saint Matthias Matthias (Hebrew transliteration: ""Mattityahu""; Koine Greek: Μαθθίας; ; died c. 80 AD) was, according to the Acts of the Apostles, the"
"Paul the Apostle Paul the Apostle (; ; ; c. 5 – c. 64 or 67), commonly known as Saint Paul and also known by his Jewish name Saul of Tarsus (; ), was an apostle (though not one of the Twelve Apostles) who taught the gospel of Christ to the first-century world. Paul is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age and in the mid-30s to the mid-50s AD he founded several churches in Asia Minor and Europe. He took advantage of his status as both a Jew and a Roman citizen to minister"
"Pope Gregory I Pope Gregory I (; – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great, was Pope of the Catholic Church from 3 September 590 to 12 March 604 AD. He is famous for instigating the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregorian Mission, to convert the then-pagan Anglo-Saxons in England to Christianity. Gregory is also well known for his writings, which were more prolific than those of any of his predecessors as Pope. The epithet Saint Gregory the Dialogist has been attached to him in Eastern Christianity because of his ""Dialogues"". English translations of Eastern"
"of his texts in the apostolic constitution proclaiming Mary's assumption into heaven a dogma of the Church. Among his writings was the hymn ""Μέγα καί παράδοξον θαῦμα"" translated by John Mason Neale as ""A Great and Mighty Wonder"", although Neale misattributed this to Saint Anatolius. Germanus I of Constantinople Saint Germanus I (c. 634 – 733 or 740) was Patriarch of Constantinople from 715 to 730. He is regarded as a saint, by both the Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches, with a feast day of 12 May. According to Theophanes the Confessor, Germanus was a son of patrician Justinian, who"
"Gunther of Bamberg Gunther (1025/1030 – 23 July 1065) was a German nobleman and prelate of the Holy Roman Empire. He served as Chancellor of Italy from 1054 until 1057 and as Bishop of Bamberg from 1057 until his death. He was the leader of the Great German Pilgrimage of 1064–65, on which he died. Gunther was a regular at the imperial court, a man of luxurious living and a patron of letters. He revived High German literature with his commissioning of the ""Ezzolied"" on the eve of his pilgrimage. He was buried in a rich silk, the so-called ""Gunthertuch"","
"Adulf Saint Adulf (also Adolph, Adolf, Athwulf, Æthelwulf or Æðelwulf) (died 680 AD) was an Anglo-Saxon saint. The saint is said to have been the brother of Botolph, but virtually nothing is known about his life. The story, which originated with a monk of Thorney, Folcard's, account of Botolph's life, that Adulf was at one time bishop of Maastricht, is now generally thought to rest on a confusion of names and to have no substance. However, it does explain the reason today's saint is often honored as a bishop. The monastery at Iken, in East Anglia, was destroyed in Viking"
"Ansgar Saint Ansgar (8 September 801 – 3 February 865), also known as Anskar or Saint Anschar, was a Archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen – a northern part of the Kingdom of the East Franks. The See of Hamburg was designated a mission to bring Christianity to Northern Europe, and Ansgar became known as the ""Apostle of the North"". Ansgar was the son of a noble Frankish family, born near Amiens. After his mother's early death, Ansgar was brought up in Corbie Abbey, and was educated at the Benedictine monastery in Picardy. According to the ""Vita Ansgarii"" (""Life of Ansgar""), when the"
"Thomas the Apostle Thomas the Apostle (; ; ""Thoma Shliha""; also called Didymus which means ""the twin"") was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, according to the New Testament. Thomas is informally referred to as ""Doubting Thomas"" because he doubted Jesus' resurrection when first told (in the Gospel of John account only), followed later by his confession of faith, ""My Lord and my God,"" on seeing Jesus' wounded body. Traditionally, Thomas is believed to have travelled outside the Roman Empire to preach the Gospel, travelling as far as Tamilakam which are the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in"
"Philip the Apostle Philip the Apostle (; , ""Philippos"") was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Later Christian traditions describe Philip as the apostle who preached in Greece, Syria, and Phrygia. In the Roman Rite, the feast day of Philip, along with that of James the Less, was traditionally observed on 1 May, the anniversary of the dedication of the church dedicated to them in Rome (now called the Church of the Twelve Apostles). The Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates Philip's feast day on 14 November. One of the Gnostic codices discovered in the Nag Hammadi library in 1945 bears"
"his worthiness to become an apostle. Paul the Apostle Paul the Apostle (; ; ; c. 5 – c. 64 or 67), commonly known as Saint Paul and also known by his Jewish name Saul of Tarsus (; ), was an apostle (though not one of the Twelve Apostles) who taught the gospel of Christ to the first-century world. Paul is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age and in the mid-30s to the mid-50s AD he founded several churches in Asia Minor and Europe. He took advantage of his status as both a Jew"
"Adalbert of Magdeburg Adalbert of Magdeburg, sometimes incorrectly shortened to ""Albert"" (c. 910 - 20 June 981), and known as the Apostle of the Slavs, was the first Archbishop of Magdeburg (from 968) and a successful missionary to the Polabian Slavs to the east of what is contemporarily Germany. He was later canonised and his liturgical feast day was assigned as 20 June. Adalbert was born c. 910, possibly in Alsace or Lorraine, France. He was a German monk at the Benedictine Monastery of St. Maximinus in Trier, Germany. He was consecrated a Roman Catholic bishop and in 961 was"
"cast (1890) of the tomb in the Cast Courts of the Victoria and Albert Museum. Henry was married in Tervuren 9 July 1292 to Margaret of Brabant, daughter of John I, Duke of Brabant, and had the following children: Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII (German: ""Heinrich""; c. 1275 – 24 August 1313) was the King of Germany (or ""Rex Romanorum"") from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312. He was the first emperor of the House of Luxembourg. During his brief career he reinvigorated the imperial cause in Italy, which was racked with the partisan struggles between the"
"the time, such as the 1954 collection ""Sankt Bonifatius: Gedenkgabe zum Zwölfhundertsten Todestag"" and the 2004 collection ""Bonifatius—Vom Angelsächsischen Missionar zum Apostel der Deutschen"". In the modern era, published a number of biographies and articles on the saint focusing on his missionary praxis and his relics. The most authoritative biography is still Theodor Schieffer's ""Winfrid-Bonifatius und die Christliche Grundlegung Europas"" (1954). Saint Boniface Saint Boniface (; 675 – 5 June 754 AD), born Winfrid (also spelled Winifred, Wynfrith, Winfrith or Wynfryth) in the Devon town of Crediton, England, was a leading figure in the Anglo-Saxon mission to the Germanic parts"
"Saint Boniface Saint Boniface (; 675 – 5 June 754 AD), born Winfrid (also spelled Winifred, Wynfrith, Winfrith or Wynfryth) in the Devon town of Crediton, England, was a leading figure in the Anglo-Saxon mission to the Germanic parts of the Frankish Empire during the 8th century. He organized Christianity in many parts of Germania and was made archbishop of Mainz by Pope Gregory III. He was martyred in Frisia in 754, along with 52 others, and his remains were returned to Fulda, where they rest in a sarcophagus which became a site of pilgrimage. Boniface's life and death as"
"Saint Peter Saint Peter (Syriac/Aramaic: ܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ ܟܹ݁ܐܦ݂ܵܐ, ""Shemayon Keppa""; ; ; ; ; r. AD 30; died between AD 64 and 68), also known as Simon Peter, Simeon, or Simon (, ), according to the New Testament, was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ, leaders of the early Christian Great Church. Pope Gregory I called him repeatedly the ""Prince of the Apostles"". According to Catholic teaching, Jesus promised Peter in the ""Rock of My Church"" dialogue in Matthew a special position in the Church. He is traditionally counted as the first Bishop of Romeor popeand also by Eastern"
"Lebuinus Lebuinus (also known as ""Lebuin"", ""Lebwin"" or ""Liafwin[e]""), Apostle of the Frisians and patron of Deventer (born in England of Anglo-Saxon parents, date unknown; died at Deventer c. 775). Lebuinus was a monk in Wilfrid's monastery at Ripon. Inspired by the example of Saint Boniface, Saint Willibrord and other great English missionaries, he resolved to devote his life to the conversion of the Germans. After his ordination, he proceeded in 754 to Utrecht, and was welcomed by Saint Gregory, acting bishop of that place, who entrusted him with the mission of Overijssel on the borders of Westphalia, and gave"
"from his kingdom and native land, came to the emperor while he was still at Nijmegen, and after he had made known the reason for his coming, he set out for Rome; and on his return from Rome he was escorted by envoys of the Roman pontiff and of the lord emperor back into his kingdom. At that time Leo III ruled over the Roman church, and his messenger, the deacon Ealdwulf from that same Britain, a Saxon by race, was sent to Britain, and with him two abbots, Hruotfrid the notary and Nantharius of St. Omer, sent by the"
"in Nuremberg. He died, aged 71, in Nürnberg, and was buried at St. Rochus Cemetery. Salomon Schweigger Salomon Schweigger (also spelled Solomon Schweiger) (30 March 1551 – 21 June 1622) was a German Lutheran theologian, minister, anthropologist and orientalist of the 16th century. He provided a valuable insight during his travels in the Balkans, Constantinople and the Middle East, and published a famous travel book of his exploits. He also published the first German language translation of the Qur'an. Schweigger was born in Sulz am Neckar. His father was Henry Schweigger, notarius (court and town clerk) and praefectus pupillorum (superior"
"Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was one of two rival kings of Germany from 1198 on, sole king from 1208 on, and Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until he was forced to abdicate in 1215. The only German king of the Welf dynasty, he incurred the wrath of Pope Innocent III and was excommunicated in 1210. Otto was the third son of Henry the Lion, Duke of Bavaria and Saxony, and Matilda of England. His exact birthplace is not given by any original source. He grew up in England in the care of"
"Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV (; 11 November 1050 – 7 August 1106) became King of the Germans in 1056. From 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105, he was also referred to as the King of the Romans and Holy Roman Emperor. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century. His reign was marked by the Investiture Controversy with the Papacy, and he was excommunicated five times by three different popes. Civil wars over his throne took place in both Italy and Germany."
"patron saint of Germany. His feast day falls on 1 March. Suitbert of Kaiserswerdt Saint Suitbert, Suidbert, Suitbertus, Swithbert, or Swidbert was the ""Apostle of the Frisians"", born in Northumbria, England, in the seventh century. He studied in Ireland, at Rathmelsigi, Connacht, along with St. Egbert. The latter, filled with zeal for the conversion of the Germans, had sent St. Wihtberht, or Wigbert, to evangelize the Frisians, but owing to the opposition of the pagan ruler Rathbod, Wihtberht was unsuccessful and returned to England. Egbert then sent St. Willibrord and his twelve companions, among whom was St. Suitbert. They landed"
"Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (, ), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973. He was the oldest son of Henry I the Fowler and Matilda. Otto inherited the Duchy of Saxony and the kingship of the Germans upon his father's death in 936. He continued his father's work of unifying all German tribes into a single kingdom and greatly expanded the king's powers at the expense of the aristocracy. Through strategic marriages and personal appointments,"
"times and is said by tradition to have reached even further, to Persia (Church of the East) and to India (Saint Thomas Christians). During the Middle Ages, the Christian monasteries and missionaries such as Saint Patrick (5th century), and Adalbert of Prague (ca 956-997) propagated learning and religion beyond the European boundaries of the old Roman Empire. In 596, Pope Gregory the Great (in office 590-604) sent the Gregorian Mission (including Augustine of Canterbury) into England. In their turn, Christians from Ireland (the Hiberno-Scottish mission) and from Britain (Saint Boniface (ca 675-754), and the Anglo-Saxon mission, for example) became prominent"
"and scriptorium. He is often counted as the first named author in German and is sometimes credited with the composition of the ""Codex Abrogans,"" a bilingual vocabulary in Latin and Old High German, often described as the first German book. He is buried in Freising. His commemoration day in the Catholic Church is 4 May. An affiliation with Margrave Aribo, progenitor of the Aribonids is possible but has not been established. Arbeo of Freising Arbeo (also Aribo or Arbo) of Freising (723 or earlier near Meran – 4 May 784) was an early medieval author and Bishop of Freising from"
"John the Apostle John the Apostle ( ; ; Koine Greek: Ἰωάννης; ; Latin: ""Ioannes""; ) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus according to the New Testament, which refers to him as Ἰωάννης. Generally listed as the youngest apostle, he was the son of Zebedee and Salome or Joanna. His brother was James, who was another of the Twelve Apostles. The Church Fathers identify him as John the Evangelist, John of Patmos, John the Elder and the Beloved Disciple, and testify that he outlived the remaining apostles and that he was the only one to die of natural"
"more than a single, coherent system. Although Grabmann's works in German are numerous, only ""Thomas Aquinas"" (1928) is available in English. Martin Grabmann Martin Grabmann (5 January 1875 – 9 January 1949) was a German Catholic priest, medievalist and historian of theology and philosophy. He was a pioneer of the history of medieval philosophy and has been called ""the greatest Catholic scholar of his time."" Grabmann was born in Winterzhofen, Bavaria, Germany, on 5 January 1875 to a deeply religious Bavarian parents, Joseph Grabmann (1848-1915), a farmer, and Walburga Bauer (1850-1886). He had two brothers. He attended the gymnasium in"