Which runner, who died in 2011, broke the world marathon record by 2 minutes at her first attempt, she won the New York marathon nine times and London twice?
"Grete Waitz Grete Waitz (née Andersen, 1 October 1953 – 19 April 2011) was a Norwegian marathon runner and former world record holder. In 1979, she became the first woman in history to run the marathon in under two and a half hours. She won nine New York City Marathons between 1978 and 1988, more than any other runner in history. She won a silver medal at the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles and a gold medal at the 1983 World Championships in Helsinki. Her other marathon victories included winning the London Marathon in 1983 and 1986. She was"
"being an important role model. Waitz received the St. Olav's Medal in 1981 and Medal of St. Hallvard in 1989. Grete Waitz Grete Waitz (née Andersen, 1 October 1953 – 19 April 2011) was a Norwegian marathon runner and former world record holder. In 1979, she became the first woman in history to run the marathon in under two and a half hours. She won nine New York City Marathons between 1978 and 1988, more than any other runner in history. She won a silver medal at the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles and a gold medal at the"
"Allison Roe Allison Pamela Roe, MBE (née Deed; born 30 May 1956 in Auckland) is a former long-distance athlete from New Zealand. In 1981, she won both the Boston Marathon and New York City Marathon, becoming the second of only two women to accomplish the feat in the same year. In Boston, she ran 2:26:46 to improve the course record by almost eight minutes, set the previous year by Jacqueline Gareau. In New York, she set a worlds best woman marathon time with 2:25:29, to break Grete Waitz's time of 2:25:42 from the 1980 New York Marathon. However, after re-measurement,"
"Joyce Smith Joyce Esther Smith (née Byatt, born 26 October 1937) is a British former long-distance runner. She broke the world record in the 3000 metres in 1971 and is a three-time medallist at the International/World Cross Country Championships, including winning in 1972. She went on to twice win the London Marathon, becoming the first British woman in history to run under 2:30 when winning in 1981 with 2:29:57, before further improving the British record to 2:29:43 when winning in 1982. She also competed in the 1500 metres at the 1972 Munich Olympics and finished 11th in the marathon at"
"the MBE. She and her husband, Bryan, are on the board of trustees of the London Marathon Charitable Trust. Bryan is a marathon coach who also organises the Mini London Marathon. Joyce Smith Joyce Esther Smith (née Byatt, born 26 October 1937) is a British former long-distance runner. She broke the world record in the 3000 metres in 1971 and is a three-time medallist at the International/World Cross Country Championships, including winning in 1972. She went on to twice win the London Marathon, becoming the first British woman in history to run under 2:30 when winning in 1981 with 2:29:57,"
"Jenny Wood-Allen Jenny Wood-Allen MBE (20 November 1911 – 30 December 2010) was a Scottish marathon runner and Guinness World Record holder, running in over 30 marathons since 1983 and earning more than £70,000 for charity. Hailing from Dundee, Scotland, Wood-Allen initially took up sport in 1983 as a ""one-off"". Wood-Allen made national headlines across the UK when she was 87 years old after completing the 1999 London Marathon. Her time of 7hours 14mins 46secs, earned her the current Guinness World Record for Oldest Female Marathon Finisher. In 2001, Wood-Allen ran for the last time in the London Marathon before"
"Paula Radcliffe Paula Jane Radcliffe, MBE (born 17 December 1973) is a British long-distance runner. She is a three-time winner of the London Marathon (2002, 2003, 2005), three-time New York Marathon champion (2004, 2007, 2008), and 2002 Chicago Marathon winner. She is the fastest female marathoner of all time and has held the Women’s World Marathon Record in a time of 2:15:25 since 2003. Radcliffe is a former world champion in the marathon, half marathon and cross country. She has also been European champion over 10,000 metres and in cross country. On the track, Radcliffe won the 10,000 metres silver"
"was cremated at Dundee Crematorium. Jenny Wood-Allen Jenny Wood-Allen MBE (20 November 1911 – 30 December 2010) was a Scottish marathon runner and Guinness World Record holder, running in over 30 marathons since 1983 and earning more than £70,000 for charity. Hailing from Dundee, Scotland, Wood-Allen initially took up sport in 1983 as a ""one-off"". Wood-Allen made national headlines across the UK when she was 87 years old after completing the 1999 London Marathon. Her time of 7hours 14mins 46secs, earned her the current Guinness World Record for Oldest Female Marathon Finisher. In 2001, Wood-Allen ran for the last time"
"2013, aged 39. She has been married since 2002. Mara Yamauchi Mara Rosalind Yamauchi (born Mara Myers 13 August 1973) is a British long-distance track and road running athlete. She currently holds the second fastest time by a British woman over the marathon, behind the world-record holder, Paula Radcliffe. Yamauchi was born in Oxford, Oxfordshire, England to Dorothy and Norman Myers, and lived with her family until she was eight years old in Nairobi, Kenya. She was named after the Mara River which runs through Kenya where her parents lived for 25 years in total. Yamauchi started running with Oxford"
"She started the Edna Kiplagat Foundation to raise awareness of breast cancer. Kiplagat also volunteers to create awareness for garbage management toward keeping a clean environment. Edna Kiplagat Edna Ngeringwony Kiplagat (born 15 September 1979) is a Kenyan long-distance runner. She is the 2011 and 2013 IAAF World Champion in the marathon. She established herself as an elite marathon runner with wins at the Los Angeles and New York City Marathons in 2010. Her personal best for the distance is 2:19:50 hours, set at the London Marathon in 2012. At age 37, Kiplagat won the 2017 Boston Marathon in a"
"in Ontario (1991 and 1992). In 2003, aged 47, she finished 24th at the London Marathon, running 2:55:01. Marot (as of 2017) still ranks third on the UK all-time list behind Radcliffe and Mara Yamauchi. Note: In 1985 Marot ran the London Marathon just 8 days after running in the World Cup Marathon. <br> Véronique Marot Marie-Véronique Antoinette Colette Jeannine Marot (born 16 September 1955) is a former marathon runner from France who moved to England in 1976. She twice broke the British record for the marathon, with 2:28:04 at the 1985 Chicago Marathon and 2:25:56 when winning the 1989"
"hours (a two-second improvement). Caroline Kilel Caroline Cheptanui Kilel (born 21 March 1981) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who competes road running competitions, including the marathon. She was the winner at the 2011 Boston Marathon and the Frankfurt Marathon in 2010 and 2013. Kilel has also won marathons in Ljubljana, Taipei, Nairobi and Palermo. Her personal best for the distance is 2:22:34 hours (set in Frankfurt in 2013). She also competes in half marathons and has a personal best of 1:08:16 hours over that distance. At the 2003 World Cross Country Championships she finished eighth in the long race, while"
"Véronique Marot Marie-Véronique Antoinette Colette Jeannine Marot (born 16 September 1955) is a former marathon runner from France who moved to England in 1976. She twice broke the British record for the marathon, with 2:28:04 at the 1985 Chicago Marathon and 2:25:56 when winning the 1989 London Marathon. The latter time stood as the UK record for 13 years. She is also a three-time winner of the Houston Marathon and represented Great Britain at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics. Marot was born in Compiègne, France. She moved to England in 1976 to study at York University and became a British citizen"
"Zoe Koplowitz Zoe Koplowitz (b. Lindsay Koplowitz September 12, 1948 in New York, New York) is a marathon runner who is afflicted with multiple sclerosis and diabetes, an inspirational speaker, and the author of ""The Winning Spirit—Life Lessons Learned In Last Place."" As of and including 2013, Koplowitz has completed a total of 25 New York City Marathons, all of them in last place. Her 33-hour-9-minute run in 2000 set a world record for the longest marathon time in the history of women's running. ""The race belongs not only to the swift and strong but to those who keep on"
"the start is quite far west of the finish, allowing a helpful tailwind, the Boston Marathon does not satisfy two of the criteria necessary for the ratification of world or American records. On April 18, 2011, Geoffrey Mutai of Kenya ran the fastest marathon ever in a time of 2:03:02 at the 2011 Boston Marathon (since surpassed by Dennis Kipruto Kimetto's 2:02:57 in Berlin 2014). Bezunesh Deba from Ethiopia set the women's course record with a 2:19:59 performance on April 21, 2014. This was declared after Rita Jeptoo from Kenya was disqualified following a confirmed doping violation. Other course records"
"second, third and fourth fastest times in race history. Mary Keitany was in a pack of women that passed halfway in 1:15:50 but then she ran the second 13.1 miles in 1:06:58, the fastest time ever for any second half of a marathon, to capture her fourth NYC crown in 2:22:48, the second fastest time ever there. London winner, Vivian Cheruiyot was second in 2:26:02 and American Shalane Flanagan placed third in 2:26:22, 31 seconds faster than her winning time the previous year. Once again there were a world record number of finishers, with 52,812 (30,669 men/22,143 women) runners completing"
"Tegla Loroupe Tegla Chepkite Loroupe (born 9 May 1973) is a Kenyan long-distance track and road runner. She is also a global spokeswoman for peace, women's rights and education. Loroupe holds the world records for 20, 25 and 30 kilometres and previously held the world marathon record. She was the first African woman to hold the marathon World Record, which she held from April 19th 1998 until September 30th 2001. She is the three-time World Half-Marathon champion. Loroupe was also the first woman from Africa to win the New York City Marathon, which she has won twice. She has won"
"a time of 2:08:14. The race featured 37-year-old world record holder Haile Gebrselassie, who ran with a bad knee and dropped out of the race at the 16th mile. Afterwards, he announced his retirement, but later reversed this decision. Edna Kiplagat won the women's title with a time of 2 hours, 28 minutes, 20 seconds, ahead of American Shalane Flanagan. The total number of official finishers, 44,829 (28,757 men and 16,072 women) was a new world record for a marathon race. The 2011 Marathon was held on November 6. The men's event was won by Geoffrey Mutai of Kenya in"
"hours. She returned to Kenya in 2011 and came second at the Discovery Kenya Cross Country behind Priscah Jepleting. She won the Goyang Joongang Half Marathon in March, setting a new personal best of 1:10:26 hours for the distance. Jeptoo had a significant breakthrough at the 2011 Paris Marathon: although she did not expect to win, she successfully held off challenges from Agnes Kiprop and Koren Yal to be the first woman across the line, recording a time of 2:22:55 hours. This knocked off more than four minutes from her previous best and was the second fastest run ever recorded"
"Marathons. The women's winner was the world Marathon record holder Paula Radcliffe from Great Britain in a time of 2:23:09, one second faster than her 2004 win. The 2008 New York City Marathon was held on Sunday, November 2. A field of 37,899 runners participated. The men's winner was Marílson Gomes dos Santos in 2:08:43. Paula Radcliffe won her third NYC marathon in 2:23:56. The 2008 marathon events were marred by the deaths of three marathon participants: The 2009 New York City Marathon was held Sunday November 1, 2009. Meb Keflezighi of the United States won the men's race (the"
"Priscilla Welch Priscilla June Welch (born 22 November 1944) is a British retired marathon runner. She twice broke the British record for the marathon, with 2:28:54 when finishing sixth at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics and 2:26:51 when finishing second at the 1987 London Marathon. The latter time stood as the W40 World Masters record for over 20 years. She also won the 1987 New York City Marathon. Born in Bedford, England, she had a most unlikely career in international athletics, having been a smoker of a pack a day until she began running competitively at age 35. An officer"
"Aselefech Mergia Aselefech Mergia Medessa (Amharic: አሰለፈች መርግአ; born 23 January 1985) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in the marathon. She was a bronze medallist in the event at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics. She is a two-time winner of the Dubai Marathon and has finished in the top three at the Paris and London Marathons. She was retrospectively confirmed as the winner of the 2010 London Marathon after the top two were disqualified. Her personal best of 2:19:31 hours is a former Ethiopian record for the distance and places her within the top ten of all-time."
"set a fast pace. Only Radcliffe followed, but she fell back after 12 km as she was unable to match the Kenyan's speed. Kiplagat was never overtaken and crossed the line in a time of 2:19:44 hours, becoming the ninth fastest woman of all-time and completing her first ever marathon (she had started the 2011 Boston Marathon but dropped out). Radcliffe was in second place for much of the race, but was overtaken after 33 km by Mikitenko, who ran a more steady-paced race. The German was the eventual runner-up in 2:22:18 hours, while Radcliffe took third with a time"
"until near the end of the race. A subsequent investigation concluded that Ruiz had skipped most of the race and blended into the crowd about one mile (1.6 km) from the finish line, where she then ran to her bogus victory. Ruiz was officially disqualified, and Canadian Jacqueline Gareau was proclaimed the winner. In 1905, James Edward Brooks of North Adams, Massachusetts died of pneumonia shortly after running the marathon. In 1996, a 61-year-old Swedish man, Humphrey Siesage, died of a heart attack during the 100th running. In 2002, Cynthia Lucero, 28, died of hyponatremia. On Monday, April 18, 2011"
"Nina Kuscsik Nina Kuscsik (born January 2, 1939) is a retired female long-distance runner from the United States. She was the first woman to officially win the Boston Marathon, 1972. Alongside Beth Bonner, Kuscsik became the second American woman to complete a marathon in under three hours, running a time of 2:56:04 at the 1971 New York City Marathon (Bonner did so in the same race with 2:55:22). Kuscsik is a former American women's record-holder for a 50-mile run, through her run of 6:35:53 in 1977 in Central Park, New York. She continued running into her later years and was"
"a marathon by collecting £1.8 million in sponsorship. This broke the record set the previous year by the founder of the Oasis Trust, Steve Chalke MBE, who had collected over £1.25 million. Steve Chalke recovered the record in 2007, raising £1.86 million. In 2011 Chalke broke the record for a third time, raising £2.32 million. The £500 that Claire Squires collected before the race increased to £920,000 after she died having collapsed during the 2012 race. A small number of runners, known as the ""Ever Presents"", have completed each of the London Marathons since 1981. After 2014 their number has"
"Mary Jepkosgei Keitany Mary Jepkosgei Keitany (born 18 January 1982) is a Kenyan long distance runner. She is the world record holder in a women-only marathon, having won the 2017 London Marathon in a time of 2:17:01. Her half marathon personal best of 1:05:50 is a former women's world record. She also has held the world record at 10 miles (50:05 minutes), 20 kilometres (1:02:36), and 25 kilometres (1:19:53), all of which were set in road races. In August 2018 she was honored by the Shoe4Africa foundation and she opened the Mary Keitany Shoe4Africa school in Torokwonin, Baringo County, Kenya."
"second in the London Marathon setting a personal best time of 2:23:12 after earlier setting a half marathon personal best when winning the Marugame Half Marathon (68 m 29 secs). She suffered a foot injury after this and was eventually forced to withdraw from the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in September, missing out on a medal chance in the marathon race. Having fully recovered, she scored a prominent win at the 2010 New York City Half Marathon, seeing off competition from Deena Kastor to cross the finish line in 1:09:25 – an 18-second improvement on the course record. At"
"recruiting top Americans to the marathon. In February 2011, Meb Keflezighi, the 2009 winner of the New York City Marathon and considered along with Ryan Hall to be one of the two most prominent American marathoners, announced through his website that race organizers had failed to make an appearance fee offer to him and that he would not be participating in the race. 2011 Boston Marathon The 2011 Boston Marathon took place on Monday, April 18, 2011. Geoffrey Mutai of Kenya won the men's race in a time of 2:03:02. In recognizing Mutai's mark as the ""fastest Marathon ever run"","
"Half Marathon Championships in Nanning, his athletes Florence Kiplagat and Wilson Kiprop became world champions in a 22-minute period. At the 2011 Boston Marathon, Moses Mosop finished in 2:03:06, the fastest debut marathon of all-time and the second-fastest marathon in history at the time. On June 3, 2011, Mosop set both the 25000m (1:12:25.4) and 30000m (1:26:47.4) world records in a special race at the Prefontaine Classic in Eugene, Oregon. On 16 February 2014 in Barcelona, his athlete Florence Kiplagat set world records at 20 km (1:01:56) and half-marathon (1:05:12). At the same race on 15 February 2015, she set"
"Adriana Fernández Adriana Fernández Miranda (born April 4, 1971) is a long-distance runner from México. Fernández was 2nd in 1998, and in 1999, she became the first Mexican woman to win the New York City Marathon in a time of 2:25:06 in a dominant performance by taking charge on a windy day and kept building her lead. In 2003, Fernández held Mexican records in the 5,000 meter run, the 10,000 meter run, the half marathon, and the marathon. Her personal best time in a marathon was established at the 1999 London Marathon, where her time was 2:24:06. She represented her"
"However, the winner of the 2013 London Marathon and silver medalist at the 2012 London Olympics, Priscah Jeptoo from Kenya, won the race in the third fastest time ever for a half marathon (1:05.45). Only Radcliffe and Kenya's Susan Chepkemei had run faster. Defar finished second with a personal best and Dibaba third in a personal best time of 1:06:55. Dibaba made her marathon debut at the 2014 London Marathon. She finished third in a time of 2:20:35, 14 seconds behind winner Edna Kiplagat and 11 seconds back of runner-up Florence Kiplagat (unrelated). Dibaba stopped briefly near the 30 kilometre"
"Marathon for the second consecutive year in a time of 2:03:05. His performance broke the course record in London, and became the second-fastest marathon time in history, missing Dennis Kimetto's world record by 8 seconds. On 20 November 2016, Kipchoge ran in the Airtel Delhi Half Marathon, winning the race clocking a time of 59:44. 2017 On 6 May 2017, Kipchoge, along with Zersenay Tadese (world record holder in the half marathon) and Lelisa Desisa (2 time Boston Marathon winner) attempted the first sub-two-hour assisted marathon, in the Nike Breaking2 project on the Monza Formula 1 racetrack near Milan, Italy."