What breed of dog was the royal hunting dog in ancient Egypt?
"retrievers, herding dogs, scent-hounds, and sight-hounds. There were 17 breeds that conflicted with phenotype or function and these were thought to be the result of crossing some of the other phenotypes. As in a 2004 study that found 9 ‘ancient breeds’ to be genetically divergent, the study found 13 breeds that were genetically divergent from the modern breeds: the Basenji, Saluki, Afghan hound, Samoyed, Canaan dog, New Guinea singing dog, dingo, Chow Chow, Chinese Shar Pei, Akita, Alaskan malamute, Siberian husky and American Eskimo dog. Results also indicated that the Basenji had recent admixture with Middle Eastern wolves. The study"
"Tesem Tesem (, ) was the Ancient Egyptian name for ""hunting dog"". In popular literature it denotes the prick-eared, leggy dog with a curled tail from the early Egyptian age, but it was also used with reference to the lop-eared ""saluki/sloughi"" type; it was one of several types of dogs in Ancient Egypt, particularly the latter type had an appearance most similar to that of a greyhound. Three main types of dogs are shown in Ancient Egypt, these being the pariah dog, the greyhound-like dog and a molosser-type dog. It is assumed that there were two types of greyhound-like breeds,"
"Pharaoh Hound The Pharaoh Hound is a Maltese breed of dog and the national dog of Malta. In Maltese it is called , which means ""rabbit dog"". It is traditionally used for hunting rabbit in the Maltese Islands. Based on DNA analysis, the breed have been recreated in more recent times from combinations of other breeds. However, a popular myth holds that the breed is descended from the Tesem, one of the ancient Egyptian hunting dogs. Some believe that there are similarities between the breed and images of dogs found on the walls of ancient Egyptian tombs. This myth proposes"
"BC to 3000 BC). The dogs were drawn with upright ears and a tightly curled tail. One of the earliest known recordings of these dogs is the ""Khufu dog"" from the tomb of King Khufu, who reigned between 2609–2584 BC. This dog was named Akbaru, and was depicted wearing a collar. They continued to appear during the Middle Kingdom period (2055 BC and 1650 BC), but by the time of the New Kingdom (1550 BC - 1069 BC), they were replaced by dogs with hanging ears and a straight tail. These dogs were of the saluki/sloughi type. The Pharaoh Hound"
"Armant dog Armant (also known as Egyptian Sheepdog) is a medium-sized breed of herding dog. Armants originate from Egypt and were originally used as guard dogs. It is believed to be a descendant of European dogs, that were introduced by Napoleon's troops, crossed with Briards. They are named after the town of Armant in Egypt. The breed's fearlessness when confronted by predators as well as its loyalty see them put to use in Egypt as guard dogs. A typical dog is at the withers and weighs between . It has a large head, small eyes and a deep, broad chest."
"by some smaller associations, such the Continental Kennel Club. Armant dog Armant (also known as Egyptian Sheepdog) is a medium-sized breed of herding dog. Armants originate from Egypt and were originally used as guard dogs. It is believed to be a descendant of European dogs, that were introduced by Napoleon's troops, crossed with Briards. They are named after the town of Armant in Egypt. The breed's fearlessness when confronted by predators as well as its loyalty see them put to use in Egypt as guard dogs. A typical dog is at the withers and weighs between . It has a"
"unchanged since 2011. Around 20% of the Trust's funding comes from gifts left to the Trust in wills. The Greyhound is one of the oldest breeds in existence, and has been traced back thousands of years to early cave drawings. It is also the only dog mentioned in the Bible. The greyhound was the dog of the pharaohs in Ancient Egypt, the dog of the kings of Ancient Greece and of the landed gentry and nobles in England. According to H Edward Clarke, greyhounds can be traced back 4000 years. Originating in Southern Arabia, the greyhound was introduced to Britain"
"(Kelb tal-Ġlied, sometimes called the Maltese Bulldog or Maltese Mastiff). It is number 141 out of 154 breeds by dogs registered in 2005 by the AKC. Pharaoh Hound The Pharaoh Hound is a Maltese breed of dog and the national dog of Malta. In Maltese it is called , which means ""rabbit dog"". It is traditionally used for hunting rabbit in the Maltese Islands. Based on DNA analysis, the breed have been recreated in more recent times from combinations of other breeds. However, a popular myth holds that the breed is descended from the Tesem, one of the ancient Egyptian"
"into its afterlife through the ceremonial burial. Although no images of Abuwtiyuw have been found, the text characterizes him as ""ṯzm"" (Tesem), a lightly built hunting dog similar to a greyhound, with erect ears and a curly tail. The Tesem dog features in predynastic depictions, making it one of the oldest known breeds of dog, and images of it are common throughout Ancient Egyptian history. According to Reisner, the name ""Abuwtiyuw"" is not fully translatable, but he surmised that ""ꜥbw"" ""(""abuw"")"" is an onomatopoeic representation of a dog's bark, as this component often is found in Ancient Egyptian dog names."
"these being the older Tesem and the Saluki/Sloughi type. The two greyhound-types were clearly distinguished in tomb decorations, with the Tesem thought to be similar to modern pariah dogs. One scholar applies the name Tesem to both types of greyhound-like dogs. The prick-eared Tesem's origins are presumed to be from further south than Egypt, from Nubia and also the Land of Punt, whose location is unclear but thought to be to the south east of Egypt on the Horn of Africa. A drawing of a Tesem type dog appears in Nagada, dated from the Protodynastic Period of Egypt (dated 3200"
"depictions bearing erect, pointed ears. Dogs that look like Salukis and Greyhounds were increasingly depicted on Egyptian tombs from the Middle Kingdom (2134 BC–1785 BC) onward, however it was during the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt that Salukis-like dogs rose to prominence, replacing dogs called ""tesem"" (thought to be similar to modern pariah dogs or a generic term for a dog) in ancient Egyptian art. The variety spread southward into the Sudan. From Iran, such dogs are mentioned in the poetry of Khaghani (1121–1190), depicted in miniature paintings of hunting scenes along with horseback archers by Master Kamāl ud-Dīn Behzād (1450–1535),"
"millenia until becoming standardized, making identification a difficult process; there is debate as to which hieroglyphs actually depict Set and the associated animal. Egyptologist Ken Moss has suggested the Set animal is in fact the Saluki, as it is one of the oldest breeds of domesticated dog, has a curved snout and nearly identical body, and is native to the region. Further, when the Saluki runs, its ears and tail become vertical, and cropped ears are a common and historic practice performed on hunting dogs throughout the Levant. The Saluki is further depicted in hieroglyphs without a connection to Set,"
"Egyptian wolf The Egyptian wolf (""Canis anthus lupaster"") is a subspecies of African golden wolf native to northern, eastern and western Africa. The Egyptian wolf had an unresolved taxonomic identity and was formerly known as the Egyptian jackal. Throughout much of the 20th century, the animal was classed as a subspecies of golden jackal, ""Canis aureus lupaster"". Notice was however taken by numerous zoologists of the animal's morphology, which corresponds more to that of the grey wolf. This was corroborated through mtDNA studies, which initially indicated that the animal was a subspecies of grey wolf, and should be renamed African"
"Egypt and Asia Minor. Xerxes I of Persia led predatory wars to enlarge the borders of his empire, taking with him large war dogs in his army. Mastiffs were used to fight in the Roman amphitheater against lions and may have been used in lion hunting. They are the root of many shepherd and mountain dog breeds. The Alans kept Mastiff-like dogs taken from Eastern Europe which acted as retrievers, guard dogs, and fighting dogs. The name associated with these dogs is Alaunt, or in Spanish, Alano. The Mastiffs were used in unison with sighthounds to hunt wisent, aurochs, and"
"in the tombs of Egyptian pharaohs, sitting at the feet of their masters, looking just as they do today, with pricked ears and tightly curled tails. Dogs of this type were originally kept for hunting small game by tracking and driving the game into nets. Europeans first described the type of dog the Basenji breed derives from in 1895—in the Congo. These local dogs, which Europeans identified as a unique breed and called ""basenji,"" were prized by locals for their intelligence, courage, speed, and silence. An article published called The Intelligence of Dogs by Stanley Coren, Ph.D. questions this. It"
"evaluations. The name of the breed is a reference to the breed's popularity in Renaissance Italy. Mummified dogs very similar to the Italian Greyhound (or small Greyhounds) have been found in Egypt, and pictorials of small Greyhounds have been found in Pompeii, and they were probably the only accepted companion-dog there. Dogs similar to Italian Greyhounds are recorded as having been seen around Emperor Nero's court in Rome in the first century AD. The breed is believed to have originated more than 2,000 years ago in the countries now known as Greece and Turkey. This belief is based on the"
"servants of the royal household. Ashkelon cemetery in the Southern District of Israel is perhaps the best-documented dog cemetery in the ancient world, but dog mummies have been unearthed en masse in sites across Egypt including Rhoda in Upper Egypt, Thebes, Abydos, and near Maghagha. The ancient Egyptians mummified many animal species, from cats and gazelles to crocodiles, baboons, and birds. Typically, many animal species were consumed as meat after death, but it is highly unlikely that dogs would have been eaten. Radiographs of exhumed dogs in the ancient world have revealed that the mummification process involved wrapping the embalmed"
"Edward C. Martin Jr. claims that the name means ""With Pointed Ears"", which would fit the description of the Tesem. Abuwtiyuw The Egyptian dog Abuwtiyuw, also transcribed as Abutiu (died before 2280 BC), was one of the earliest documented domestic animals whose name is known. He is believed to have been a royal guard dog who lived in the Sixth Dynasty (2345–2181 BC), and received an elaborate ceremonial burial in the Giza Necropolis at the behest of a pharaoh whose name is unknown. An inscribed stone listing the gifts donated by the pharaoh for Abuwtiyuw's funeral was discovered by Egyptologist"
"Abuwtiyuw The Egyptian dog Abuwtiyuw, also transcribed as Abutiu (died before 2280 BC), was one of the earliest documented domestic animals whose name is known. He is believed to have been a royal guard dog who lived in the Sixth Dynasty (2345–2181 BC), and received an elaborate ceremonial burial in the Giza Necropolis at the behest of a pharaoh whose name is unknown. An inscribed stone listing the gifts donated by the pharaoh for Abuwtiyuw's funeral was discovered by Egyptologist George A. Reisner in October 1935. It was apparently part of the spoil material incorporated into the structure of a"
"Molossus (dog) The Molossus () or Molossian hound is a breed of dog from ancient southern Europe. This ancient extinct breed of dog is considered to be the ancestor (in rivalry with the Alaunt, the dog of the Alans) of today's Mastiff-type dogs and of many other modern breeds. Mastiff-type dogs are often referred to as Molossus dogs or Molossers. It is one of the best-known breeds of antiquity; however, its function and physical characteristics are debated. This large ancient breed was, along with the Tibetan Mastiff, an important ancestor of modern breeds such as the modern Molossus in Greece,"
"to hunt by sight, coursing game in open areas at high speeds. One can find numerous representations of small greyhound-like hounds in art dating back to Ancient Egyptian times. Pharaohs bred a small sighthound dog related to the greyhound to keep in their palaces, and this dog may be the ancestor of today's Whippets. In medieval England, a small greyhound breed became popular for use as a ratting dog. The first written English use of the word ""whippet"" with regard to a type of dog was in 1610. However, the first dog to be called a Whippet was actually a"
"Bull Arab The Bull Arab is an Australian breed of pig hunting dog. The Bull Arab was developed in the 1970s by crossing the Bull Terrier, German Shorthaired Pointer and Greyhound, although it has been variously described as a cross of the Pointer and a terrier, the Great Dane and a mastiff, or the Doberman and Bull Terrier. The Bull Arab was originally bred for feral pig hunting purposes, it was specially developed to locate pigs, pull them to the ground and hold them by the ear. The breed has an acute sense of smell and is able to locate"
"Greek Harehound The Greek Harehound (; FCI No. 214) is a rare breed of dog that only comes in a black and tan color, originally bred as a scent hound for tracking and chasing hare in Southern Greece. The Greek Harehound is a scent hound with a shorthaired black and tan coat. It is a medium-sized dog, weighing between . Males and females should have a height of and at the withers respectively. The Greek Harehound has a lively, confident and outgoing temperament. These dogs are skilled, fearless hunters, and have a keen sense of smell as well as excellent"
"Romans used the heavier Molossian dogs for hunting ""(canis venaticus)"", to guard the home, and watch over livestock ""(canis pastoralis)"". ""Never, with them on guard,"" says Virgil, ""need you fear for your stalls a midnight thief, or onslaught of wolves, or Iberian brigands at your back."" Aristotle mentions them in ""The History of Animals"", praising their bravery and physical superiority. The breed's name was used to name the bat ""Molossus"" and, in turn, the family Molossidae. Molossus (dog) The Molossus () or Molossian hound is a breed of dog from ancient southern Europe. This ancient extinct breed of dog is"
"as a war-dog as well as a livestock guardian. Later, during the classical era, Alexander the Great had been taking these dogs to his expeditions to enlarge the country's size. Molossus of Epirus The Molossus of Epirus (Greek: Μολοσσός της Ηπείρου) is a large dog breed originating from Greece. It is a livestock guardian that has been bred since the age of Alexander the Great for protecting livestock from carnivorous mammals including the wolf, European jackal and the brown bear in the mountainous regions of Greece, especially Epirus. The Molossus is a pure Greek breed and is believed to be"
"Dog's fashion Dog's fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in canine clothing and accessories. Dog fashion is a distinctive trend of the style in which people dress their canine companions. This trend dates back to the Egyptian pre-dynastic period and in recent times it has expanded due to increased consumer capitalism. There is evidence from ancient Egypt that people were using decorative collars to adorn their dogs. One collar was discovered in the tomb of the ancient Egyptian nobleman Maiharpiri in 1440 BC. It depicts hunting scenes embossed into leather. The dog's name, Tantanouit, is visible on the"
"as having a wide, short muzzle and a heavy dewlap (similar to modern Mastiff breeds), the Molossus was used to fight tigers, lions, elephants, and men in battle. A Roman copy of a sculpture of a guard dog (known as the Jennings Dog) on display at the British Museum, is generally considered to represent a Molossus. Others argue it was primarily a lightweight dog used for hunting and herding — with physical characteristics more akin to Greyhounds or possibly the American Pit Bull Terrier. Most scholars agree the Molossus originated with the Molossis people in the mountainous regions of ancient"
"Dogs in warfare Dogs in warfare have a long history starting in ancient times. From war dogs trained in combat to their use as scouts, sentries and trackers, their uses have been varied and some continue to exist in modern military usage. War dogs were used by the Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Sarmatians, Baganda, Alans, Slavs, Britons, and the Romans. The Molossus dog of the Molossia region of Epirus was the strongest known to the Romans, and was specifically trained for battle. Among the Greeks and Romans, dogs served most often as sentries or patrols, though they were sometimes taken into"
"Qing was later shown in the United States and went on to become the top winning Pharaoh Hound in the history of the breed. His American Kennel Club ranking as of December 2011 included placing as the number 8 dog all breeds, the number 2 hound, and the number 1 Pharaoh Hound. The Kelb tal-Fenek is not the only breed of dog specific to the tiny islands of Malta. There is also the Kelb tal-But (""pocket dog"", a toy breed), Kelb tal-Kaċċa (""hunting dog"", a breed used for bird hunting), and lastly a type of Mastiff which is now extinct"
"of Malta and the Cirneco dell'Etna of Sicily were both popularly and controversially thought to be possible descendants of the Tesem. Ancient Egyptians gave the name Tesem to the early curly tailed dogs that resembled a sighthound. These dogs were featured on monuments, and in wall paintings that showed their lean body with noticeable prick ears. They had a greyish-yellow coat, with long legs and a broad prominent forehead. Their size exceeded the pariah dogs of the time. The structure of their skeleton was closer to the modern terrier than that of the modern greyhound. Tesem Tesem (, ) was"
"to dogs. It is suggestive of digging for burrowing prey animals, but there is also a story of dogs being thrown toward quarry animals by a camel-mounted hunter. The name used for the modern breed could be derived from , the Arabic form of Seleucia, appearing in pre-Islamic Arabic poetry. However, this is disputed. British diplomat Terence Clark wrote that the Arabic word indicates 'person or thing from a place named Saluq'. Arab tradition states that Saluq was an ancient town in Yemen not far from modern Ta'izz, and the Arabs associate this town with the origin of the breed."
"to the present-day Canaan Dog. Rather than being a single breed, they appear to represent examples of a naturally occurring canid population adapted to the hot and semi-arid conditions of the region. Dogs of this type gave rise to the Canaan Dog through selective breeding in modern times. Numerous dog burials with religious contexts have been found in the southern Levant, dating back as far as 3500 BC. The phenomenon of dog burials in the region appears to have reached a peak under the Persian rule (586–332 BC) and continued into the Hellenistic period, though the reasons for the growth"
"dog is found in its name, which is the namesake of the people who first used these dogs: Molosser is an of King Molossus, the grandchild of the mighty Achilles famed in the Trojan War, who ruled the ancient tribe of Molossians in Epirus. The people of Epirus were a seafaring people, and these dogs sailed with their masters to Asia, where selective breeding gave them multiple phenotypes that were better suited to their new climates and roles. As these ancient Molosser dogs were exported to West Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, and North Africa, they soon adapted to their"