In which year were the Liberal Democrats formed?
"Brecon and Radnor seat in a famous by-election in 1985 (Richard Livsey). In 1988 the SDP and most of the Liberals merged in Wales and after various names the three Welsh MPs insisted on the name being Welsh Liberal Democrats, which set a precedent for the rest of the Liberal Party. In 1992 Howells lost his seat and went to the Lords, Livsey lost Brecon and Radnor, which he would retake again five years later. This left Alex Carlile as the sole Liberal Democrat MP. In 1996 Carlile announced his resignation and he was in turn replaced by Lembit Öpik."
"the Liberal Democrats in 1988. Support for the new party has increased since then, and the Liberal Democrats (often referred to as Lib Dems) gained an increased number of seats in the House of Commons at both the 2001 and 2005 general elections. The Labour Party was defeated in a landslide at the 1983 general election, and Michael Foot was replaced shortly thereafter by Neil Kinnock as party leader. Kinnock progressively expelled members of Militant, a far left group which practised entryism, and moderated many of the party's policies. Despite these changes, as well as electoral gains and also due"
"Leader of the Liberal Party (UK) The Liberal Party was formally established in 1859 and existed until merging with the Social Democratic Party in 1988 to create the Liberal Democrats. Before the adoption of the 1969 constitution of the party, the party was led by the prime minister or the most recent politically active prime minister from the party. In the absence of one of these, the leaders in the House of Lords and House of Commons were of equal status and jointly led the party. When a new leader was required, with the party in government, the monarch selected"
"Liberal Party (UK, 1989) The Liberal Party () is a British political party that was founded in 1989 by members of the original Liberal Party opposed to its merger with the Social Democratic Party (SDP) to form the Liberal Democrats. The party holds nine local council seats. The original Liberal Party entered into an alliance with the Social Democratic Party in 1981 and merged with it in 1988–1989 to form the Liberal Democrats. The Liberal Party, founded in 1859, was descended from the Whigs, Radicals and Peelites, while the SDP was a party created in 1981 by former Labour members,"
"Liberal Democratic Party (Australia) The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP or Liberal Democrats) is an Australian political party founded in Canberra in 2001. The party espouses smaller government, and supports policies that are based on classical liberal and right-libertarian principles. The LDP is a registered party in the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, and Western Australia, and is also registered for federal elections with the Australian Electoral Commission. The party has one senator, David Leyonhjelm, elected to parliament at the 2013 federal election. It also has a member of the Western Australian Legislative Council, Aaron Stonehouse, and"
"At the 1987 general election, its share of the vote fell below 23% and the Liberal and Social Democratic parties merged in 1988 to form the Liberal Democrats. A splinter group reconstituted the Liberal Party in 1989. It was formed by party members opposed to the merger who saw the Liberal Democrats diluting Liberal ideals. Prominent intellectuals associated with the Liberal Party include the philosopher John Stuart Mill, the economist John Maynard Keynes and social planner William Beveridge. The Liberal Party grew out of the Whigs, who had their origins in an aristocratic faction in the reign of Charles II"
"1947. On 26 March 1976, the Federation of Liberal and Democrat Parties in Europe was established in Stuttgart. The founding parties of the federation were the Free Democratic Party of Germany, Radical Party of France, Liberal Party of Denmark, Italian Liberal Party, Dutch People's Party for Freedom and Democracy and Democratic Party of Luxembourg. Observer members joining later in 1976 were the Danish Social Liberal Party, French Radical Party of the Left and Independent Republicans, British Liberal Party, and Italian Republican Party. In 1977, the federation was renamed European Liberals and Democrats, in 1986, European Liberal Democrats and Reformists. It"
"Party. However, in 2008 the party successfully applied to the Australian Electoral Commission to change its federally registered name to Liberal Democratic Party. During this period, the party remained registered under its original name in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). In 2016 the Liberal Party again sought to challenge the name but ultimately abandoned the action. Liberal Democratic Party (Australia) The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP or Liberal Democrats) is an Australian political party founded in Canberra in 2001. The party espouses smaller government, and supports policies that are based on classical liberal and right-libertarian principles. The LDP is a registered"
"Liberal Democratic Party (New South Wales) The Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) was an Australian political party that contested the 1943 federal election and the 1944 New South Wales state election. In 1931 Joseph Lyons resigned from the Australian Labor Party and together with the opposition Nationalist Party, five dissident Labor MPs and three conservative independent MPs formed the United Australia Party (UAP). This unified the mainstream urban conservative forces in Australia but, in substance, it was largely a continuation of the Nationalists under a new name. The UAP, in coalition with the Country Party was in power federally and in"
"was adopted by the 48th Congress of Liberal International, which was held on 27–30 November 1997 in the Oxford Town Hall. In addition to the member organizations listed below, the International has a single individual member, Martin Lee, the founding chairman of Democratic Party (Hong Kong). The International is also in a loose association with the following organisations: Liberal International Liberal International (LI) is a political international federation for liberal political parties. Its headquarters is located at 1 Whitehall Place, London, SW1A 2HD within the National Liberal Club. It was founded in Oxford in 1947, and has become the pre-eminent"
"Liberal Party); they merged in 1955 as the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). By 1955 the political system stabilized in what was called the 1955 System. The two chief parties were the conservative LDP and the leftist Social Democratic Party. Throughout the period 1955 to 2007, the LDP was dominant (with a brief interlude in 1993-94). The LDP was pro-business, pro-American, and had a strong rural base. Shigeru Yoshida was elected as Prime Minister of Japan. His policy, known as the ""Yoshida Doctrine"", emphasized military reliance on the United States and promoted unrestrained economic growth. As Cold War tensions rose, the"
"Liberal Democratic Party (Spain, 1982) The Liberal Democratic Party (""Partido Demócrata Liberal"" in Spanish language, PDL) was a liberal Spanish political party led by Antonio Garrigues Walker, founded in 1982. The PDL tried to reach a coalition agreement with the Union of the Democratic Center (UCD) for the general elections held in October 1982. Finally, due to the failure to reach an agreement, the PDL chose not to present themselves to the elections. In the autonomic and local elections of 1983 the PDL gained one seat in the regional parliaments of Castille and León and the Balearic Islands, along with"
"into the Liberal Party. The term 'Liberal Party' was first used officially in 1868, though it had been in use colloquially for decades beforehand. The Liberal Party formed a government in 1868 and then alternated with the Conservative Party as the party of government throughout the late-nineteenth century and early-twentieth century. The Liberal Democrats are a party with policies on constitutional and political reforms, including changing the voting system for general elections (UK Alternative Vote (AV) referendum, 2011), abolishing the House of Lords and replacing it with a 300-member elected Senate, introducing fixed five-year Parliaments, and introducing a National Register"
"the board as well. At first there were some conversations about forming a united center-right democratic party with the Christian Democrats, but the idea was abandoned soon and the name was changed to Liberal Democratic Party (""Liberal-Demokratische Partei"", LDP) before the party's official founding on 5 July 1946. It was first of all aimed at uniting Weimar Republic-era members of the German Democratic Party, German People's Party and German National People's Party. Unlike the East German Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the Liberal Democratic Party was firmly for private ownership and opposed to nationalization of important private enterprises. Among the new"
"Liberal and Democratic Union The Liberal and Democratic Union (LDU) was a South Australian political party formed by early liberals, as opposed to the conservatives. It was formed in 1906 when liberal party structures were becoming more solid. Its leader, Archibald Peake, stressed that the LDU represented 'something not so sharply set as Labourism, not so dull in its edge as conservatism'. But with Labor taking over the middle ground, Kingstonian liberals like Peake had to choose. At the 1905 election, Peake sought a Liberal alliance with Price Labor: 'the only difference between us is a difference of degree and"
"Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party The Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party (ALDE Party) is a European political party mainly active in the European Union, composed of 60 national-level liberal parties from across Europe. On 26 March 1976, it was founded in Stuttgart as a confederation of national political parties under the name Federation of Liberal and Democrat Parties in Europe and renamed European Liberals and Democrats (ELD) in 1977 and European Liberal Democrats and Reformists (ELDR) in 1986. On 30 April 2004, the ELDR was reformed as an official European party, the European Liberal"
"party from 3 March 1988. An interim working name for the party, the ""Democrats"", was adopted by conference on 26 September 1988. This proved to be unpopular, and the party was renamed the Liberal Democrats in October 1989, as had been originally proposed at the September 1988 conference by the party's Tiverton branch. Most SDP members, including SDP MP and future Liberal Democrat leader Charles Kennedy, joined Maclennan in the merged party, but Owen created a continuing SDP, along with two other MPs, John Cartwright and Rosie Barnes. This party performed poorly at the May 1990 by-election in Bootle, behind"
"Liberal Democratic Party (Czechoslovakia) The Liberal Democratic Party (; LDS), originally known as the Czechoslovak Democratic Initiative, was a Czechoslovakian liberal political party formed on 31 January 1990, shortly after the Velvet Revolution, by Emanuel Mandler (born 1932) and his political group, inspired by the political ideas of Tomas Garrigue Masaryk. LDS was initially active in the Civic Forum, before splitting from the party after the June 1990 parliamentary elections to work as an separate party. At this point the party had two representatives in the Federal Assembly, five in the Czech National Council, and 25 local branches with a"
"of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a right-wing Labour breakaway movement formed in 1981. The Liberals and SDP had contested elections together as the SDP–Liberal Alliance for seven years previously. The modern Liberal Party had been founded in 1859 as an outgrowth of the Whig movement or party (which began at the same time as the Tory Party and was its historical rival) as well as the Radical and Peelite tendencies. The Liberal Party was one of the two dominant parties (along with the Conservatives) from its founding until the 1920s, when it rapidly declined in"
"at the first meeting of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (the Parliament's predecessor) on 10 September 1952, but the Group was officially founded as the ""Group of Liberals and Allies"" on 23 June 1953. As the Assembly grew into the Parliament, the French Gaullists split from the Group on 21 January 1965 and the Group started the process of changing its name to match the liberal/centrist traditions of the new member states, firstly to the ""Liberal and Democratic Group"" in 1976, then to the ""Liberal and Democratic Reformist Group"" on 13 December 1985, then to"
"a merger between the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party, which had formed a pact nearly seven years earlier as the SDP–Liberal Alliance. The Liberal Party, founded in 1859, were descended from the Whigs, Radicals and Peelites, while the SDP were a party created in 1981 by former Labour Party members, MPs and cabinet ministers, but also gained defections from the Conservative Party. Having declined to third party status after the rise of the Labour Party from 1918 and especially during the 1920s, the Liberals were challenged for this position in the 1980s when a group of Labour MPs"
"Liberal Democratic Order The Liberal Democratic Order (Ordem Liberal Democrata, or OLD) is a São Toméan political party, officially founded after the 2014 general elections, in São Tomé, by a group of citizens outraged by what they regard as the cyclical political crisis in the country and the current inability of the ruling class to manage public affairs in a transparent, orderly and productive manner. The OLD seeks to uphold the rule of law and representative democracy, and struggles to build a more just, united and prosperous society through the promotion of the Nation, Order, and Excellence as fundamental pillars"
"continued as Liberals (hence the disputed foundation date), but no MPs. Since then, the number of Liberal councillors has been broadly constant. In 2002, Meadowcroft stepped down from the party presidency and was replaced by Councillor Steve Radford. In 2007, Meadowcroft left and joined the Liberal Democrats. In 2009, Radford stood down and was replaced as president of the party by former councillor Rob Wheway. Wheway served a year as leader; Radford was re-elected party president in 2010. In June 2015, Fran Oborski announced that she had left the continuing Liberal Party and joined the Liberal Democrats. Party members take"
"Liberal Democratic Foundation The Liberal Democratic Foundation (""Fondazione Liberaldemocratica"", FLD) was a Christian-democratic and liberal Italian political party. It was founded on 28 April 1994 by splinters from Patto Segni led by Giulio Tremonti (an ex-Socialist) and Alberto Michelini (an ex-Christian-Democrat). They ackonowledged the defeat of their party (which won 4.7% of the votes and got elected only 13 deputies in the 1994 general election, in coalition with the Italian People's Party) and, after that they understood that Mario Segni would have led it into an alliance with the left-wing Democratic Party of the Left (that happened for the 1995"
"It is a member of Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE). Soon after World War II, the Soviet Union forced the creation of political parties. In July 1945 William Kulice and Eugen Schiffer called for the establishment of a pan-German Party, whose constitution the Allies hesitantly approved only in the Soviet occupation zone as the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany. In September 1945, citizens in Hamburg established the Party of Free Democrats (PFD) as a bourgeois Left Party and the first Liberal Party in the Western zones. In the first state elections in Hamburg"
"Liberal Democratic Party (Central African Republic) The Liberal Democratic Party (, PLD) is a political party in the Central African Republic. The PLD was established in 1991. In the 1993 general elections it won seven seats in the National Assembly, becoming the joint third-largest faction. Following the elections it became part of a coalition government headed by Jean-Luc Mandaba of the Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People (MLPC). In the next parliamentary elections in 1998 the PLD was part of the Presidential Movement, but was reduced to two seats. The party again allied itself with the MLPC,"
"Federalists and Liberal Democrats The Federalists and Liberal Democrats (, FLD) was a federalist and liberal political party in Italy, which was active mainly as a parliamentary group in the Chamber of Deputies from December 1994 to May 1996. The FLD was founded on 16 December 1994 as a parliamentary group within the Chamber of Deputies by twelve dissident members of Lega Nord, four members of Forza Italia, two members of the Liberal Democratic Foundation, Raffaele Costa (leader of the Union of the Centre and Minister of Health) and Pietro Cerullo (representative of the Southern Action League). Indeed, twenty members"
"membership of between 1300 and 5000. However, the party struggled to survive outside of Civic Forum, and was dependent on support from the German Free Democratic Party. The party elected a new leader, Viktorie Hradská (born 1944), in November 1991, but soon split, with Hradská's faction soon merging with the Civic Democratic Alliance. The party was liquidated in 1992. Liberal Democratic Party (Czechoslovakia) The Liberal Democratic Party (; LDS), originally known as the Czechoslovak Democratic Initiative, was a Czechoslovakian liberal political party formed on 31 January 1990, shortly after the Velvet Revolution, by Emanuel Mandler (born 1932) and his political"
"which had split since 1951 and the merger of two conservative parties (Japan Democratic Party and Liberal Party) led to the formation of Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in November 1955, was called ""1955 System or setup"", and was dominated by two parties. This resulted later in ""one and half party system"" since the LDP had about two-times more seats than the opposition party, JSP, in the Diet. After the formation of 1955 System or setup, the LDP was the dominant political party until 1993. From 1970 to 1983, in every House of Representatives election the opposition parties received more votes"
"June 1945, the party was reconstituted as the Patriotic and Democratic Group, which would become the Democratic Party. Leading members of the party included Nicolas Braunshausen, Gaston Diderich, Norbert Dumont, Étienne Schmit. Diderich was the Mayor of Luxembourg City for the duration of the party's existence, whilst the other three all held cabinet positions. Radical Liberal Party (Luxembourg) The Radical Liberal Party (, ), abbreviated to PRL, was a Luxembourgian political party that existed from 1932 until 1945. It was the main party bridging the gap between the former Liberal League and the current Democratic Party. The party was founded"
"the New UDF). 50% of DL voters had high school diplomas, compared to 40% of New UDF voters. Throughout its existence, Alain Madelin was Liberal Democracy's only President, with Jean-Pierre Raffarin as his Vice-President. Liberal Democracy (France) Liberal Democracy (, DL) was a conservative-liberal political party in France existing between 1997 and 2002. Headed by Alain Madelin, the party replaced the Republican Party, which was the classical liberal component of the Union for French Democracy (UDF). After Madelin won the leadership of the Republican Party on 24 June 1997 with 59.9% of the vote, he renamed the organisation 'Liberal Democracy',"
"British Liberal Democrats became the first chair of ALDE. The national parties that are members of ALDE are as follows: In September 1952, the third-largest grouping in the Common Assembly was the Liberal grouping with 11 members. The Group of Liberals and Allies was officially founded on 23 June 1953. By mid-September 1953, it was again the third-largest Group with 10 members. ALDE is a coalition of liberal and centrist MEPs. It does not have formal subgroups, although the MEPs fall naturally into two informal subgroups, depending on whether they associate with the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe"
"Liberal Democratic Party (France) The Liberal Democratic Party (, PLD) is a classical liberal political party in France. It was founded in 2008 by a split in the Liberal Alternative. It seeks to fulfil the same role as the former Liberal Democracy, uniting supporters of Alain Madelin. In the 2010 regional elections, the PLD were allied to Liberal Alternative and the Centrist Alliance. In the 2012 presidential election, the PLD didn't run its own candidate, but endorsed François Bayrou in the first round and Nicolas Sarkozy in the second round. In the 2012 legislative election, the party ran some of"