Which type of creature is a cassowary?
"dwarf cassowary from a specimen from New Britain, in 1857. The dwarf cassowary is a large bird but is slightly smaller than other living cassowaries (the southern cassowary and northern cassowary). It is between long and weighs between . It is a flightless bird with hard and stiff black plumage, a low triangular casque, pink cheek and red patches of skin on its blue neck. Compared to other cassowaries, the dwarf cassowary is shorter, with a tarsi length of , with a slightly smaller bill, at . The feet are large and powerful, equipped with dagger-like claws on the inner"
"Casuariidae The bird family Casuariidae has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary and the emu. All living members of the family are very large flightless birds native to Australia-New Guinea, though the extinct potential member ""Hypselornis"" was native to India. The characteristics of the family are those of its members. The fossil record of casuariforms is interesting, but not very extensive. Some Australian fossils initially believed to be from emus were recognized to represent a distinct genus, ""Emuarius"", which had a cassowary-like skull and femur and an emu-like lower leg and foot. A Pliocene Indian ratite, ""Hypselornis"", has"
"a dagger-like claw that can be long. This claw is particularly fearsome since cassowaries sometimes kick humans and animals with their enormously powerful legs. Cassowaries can run at up to through the dense forest and can jump up to . They are good swimmers, crossing wide rivers and swimming in the sea. All three species have a keratinous skin-covered on their heads which grows with age. The casque's shape and size, up to , is species-dependent. ""Casuarius casuarius"" has the largest and ""Casuarius bennetti"" the smallest (tricorn shape), with ""Casuarius unappendiculatus"" having variations in between. Contrary to earlier findings, the"
"Dwarf cassowary The dwarf cassowary (""Casuarius bennetti"") also known as the Bennett's cassowary, little cassowary, mountain cassowary, or mooruk, is the smallest of the three species of cassowaries. The scientific name commemorates the Australian naturalist George Bennett. He was the first scientist to examine these birds after a few were brought to Australia aboard a ship. Recognising them as a new species of cassowary, he sent specimens back to England, where other taxonomists confirmed his perception. On the west side of Geelvink Bay, western Papua, there is a distinctive form that may merit a split. ""C. papuanus"" is the tentative"
"been classified as a casuariid based on its similarities to modern cassowaries and emus. However, no recent studies have been performed on these remains. Casuariidae The bird family Casuariidae has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary and the emu. All living members of the family are very large flightless birds native to Australia-New Guinea, though the extinct potential member ""Hypselornis"" was native to India. The characteristics of the family are those of its members. The fossil record of casuariforms is interesting, but not very extensive. Some Australian fossils initially believed to be from emus were recognized to represent"
"Threatened by the IUCN from 2004 to 2013 due to pressure by habitat loss, habitat degradation, being hunted for food, and often being kept in captivity. However, the species was downgraded to Least Concern in 2015, as current populations appear to be stable (although population trends remain generally unknown) and there is substantially less hunting pressure than in the past. Dwarf cassowary The dwarf cassowary (""Casuarius bennetti"") also known as the Bennett's cassowary, little cassowary, mountain cassowary, or mooruk, is the smallest of the three species of cassowaries. The scientific name commemorates the Australian naturalist George Bennett. He was the"
"common in European and American zoos, where it is known for its unmistakable appearance. Only Weltvogelpark Walsrode has all three species of cassowary in its collection, with the others being the single wattled cassowary (""Casuarius unappendiculatus"") and Bennett's cassowary (""Casuarius bennetti""), both of which are endemic to the tropical rainforest of New Guinea. The second, also known as the dwarf cassowary, is the smallest species. If subspecies are recognized, Weltvogelpark Walsrode has ""Casuarius bennettii westermanni"" and ""Casuarius unappendiculatus rufotinctus"". Some New Guinea Highlands societies capture cassowary chicks and raise them as semi-tame poultry, for use in ceremonial gift exchanges and"
"species of the genus ""Casuarius"". The southern cassowary has been described under a large number of scientific names, all of which are now considered taxonomic synonyms for the species. The southern cassowary has stiff, bristly black plumage, a blue face and neck, red on the cape and two red wattles measuring around in length hanging down around its throat. A horn-like brown casque, measuring high, sits atop the head. The bill can range from . The three-toed feet are thick and powerful, equipped with a lethal dagger-like claw up to on the inner toe. The plumage is sexually monomorphic, but"
"The cassowary has solitary habits and breeds less frequently in zoos than other ratites such as ostrich and emu. Unlike other ratites, it lives exclusively in tropical rainforest, and it is important to recreate this habitat well. Unlike the emu, which will live with other sympatric species like kangaroos in ""mixed Australian fauna"" displays, the cassowary does not cohabit well. Individual specimens must even be in separate enclosures, due to their solitary and aggressive nature. Territoriality is one of their most important aspects. The double wattled cassowary (""Casuarius casuarius"") is the most popular species in captivity and it is fairly"
"Casuariiformes The Casuariiformes is an order of large flightless bird that has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary, and the only remaining species of emu. They are divided into either a single family, Casuariidae, or more typically two, with the emu splitting off into its own family, Dromaiidae. All four living members are native to Australia-New Guinea, but some possible extinct taxa occurred in other landmasses. The emus form a distinct family, characterized by legs adapted for running. As with all ratites, there are several contested theories concerning their evolution and relationships. As regards this order, it is"
"of biogeography this assignment is not certain and it might belong to the prehistoric ""Emuarius"", which were cassowary-like primitive emus. All cassowaries are usually shy birds, found in the deep forest. They are adept at disappearing long before a human knows they are there. The southern cassowary of the far north Queensland rain forests is not well studied, and the northern and dwarf cassowaries even less so. Females are bigger and more brightly coloured. Adult southern cassowaries are tall, although some females may reach , and weigh . All cassowaries have feathers that consist of a shaft and loose barbules."
"Caseosaurus Caseosaurus ( ) is a dubious genus of herrerasaurid theropod dinosaur that lived approximately 235 to 228 million years ago during the latter part of the Triassic Period in what is now Texas, in North America. ""Caseosaurus"" was a small, lightly-built, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore, that could grow up to long. The genus ""Caseosaurus"", is known from specimen UMMP 8870, an isolated hip bone that measures nearly 141 mm. A 3D model of this specimen is available on the University of Michigan Online Repository of Fossils. Size estimates suggest that ""Caseosaurus"" was at best long and weighed at most. The"
"wound which may have severed his jugular vein. The boy died of his injuries shortly thereafter. Cassowary strikes to the abdomen are among the rarest of all, but there is one case of a dog that was kicked in the belly in 1995. The blow left no puncture, but there was severe bruising. The dog later died from an apparent intestinal rupture. Cassowary Cassowaries (), genus Casuarius, are ratites (flightless birds without a keel on their sternum bone) that are native to the tropical forests of New Guinea (Papua New Guinea and Indonesia), nearby islands, and northeastern Australia. There are"
"Fossorial A fossorial (from Latin ""fossor"", meaning ""digger"") is an animal adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examples are badgers, naked mole-rats, clams, and mole salamanders. Most bees and wasps are called ""fossorial Hymenoptera"". Many rodent species are also considered fossorial as they live in burrows for most of the day, though they may be surface-dwelling during other parts of the day. Species that live exclusively underground, on the other hand, are described as ""subterranean"". Some organisms are fossorial to aid in temperature regulation while others use the underground habitat for protection from predators or"
"especially interesting whether emus or cassowaries are the more primitive form: the latter are generally assumed to retain more plesiomorphic features, but this does not need to be true at all; the fossil record is also ambiguous, and the present state of genomics does not allow for sufficiently comprehensive analyses. A combination of all these approaches with considerations of plate tectonics at least is necessary for resolving this issue. The total number of cassowary species described, based on minor differences in casque shape and color variations, formerly reached nine. Now, however, only 3 species are recognized, and most authorities only"
", but a slightly longer tarsal length, at . Casuariidae is the family of the northern cassowary. There are only four members, three of which are Cassowaries; the other, the only remaining species of emu. All are similar. Emus were classified in a different family until it was decided that they are similar enough to the cassowaries that they could be classified in the same family. All four members of the Casuariidae are large flightless birds. The northern cassowary and the emu share homologous features. For example, both have a blue patch of colour on their face/neck, but the functions"
"species: the southern cassowary (""Casuarius casuarius"") and the northern cassowary (""Casuarius unappendiculatus"") reach heights of 1.8 metres (6 ft). The southern cassowary is also native to northern Australia. The cassowary is one of the world's most dangerous birds, for it is capable of inflicting fatal injuries with its powerful legs and the dagger-like claw on its inner toe. It is known to have killed humans. The pigeons and parrots are well represented in New Guinea. They achieve their greatest evolutionary diversity in New Guinea for the island is abundant in fruits and nectar producing plants. The parrots of New Guinea,"
"Caseasauria Caseasauria is one of the two main clades of early synapsids, the other being the Eupelycosauria. Caseasaurs are currently known only from the Late Carboniferous and the Permian, and include two superficially different families, the small insectivorous or carnivorous Eothyrididae, and the large, herbivorous, potentially aquatic Caseidae. These two groups share a number of specialised features associated with the morphology of the snout and external naris. The ancestor of caseasaurs can be traced back to an insect eating or an omnivorous reptile-like synapsid from the Pennsylvanian time of the Carboniferous, possibly resembling ""Archaeothyris"", the earliest known synapsid. The caseasaurs"
"as food. They are the only indigenous Australasian animal known to have been partly domesticated by people prior to European arrival. Cassowaries have a reputation in folklore for being dangerous to people and domestic animals. During World War II American and Australian troops stationed in New Guinea were warned to steer clear of them. In his book ""Living Birds of the World"" from 1958, ornithologist Ernest Thomas Gilliard wrote: The inner or second of the three toes is fitted with a long, straight, murderous nail which can sever an arm or eviscerate an abdomen with ease. There are many records"
"but when provoked they are capable of inflicting injuries, occasionally fatal, to dogs and people. The genus ""Casuarius"" was erected by the French scientist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in his ""Ornithologie"" published in 1760. The type species is the southern cassowary (""Casuarius casuarius""). The Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus had introduced the genus ""Casuarius"" in the 6th edition of his ""Systema Naturae"" published in 1748, but Linnaeus dropped the genus in the important tenth edition of 1758 and put the southern cassowary together with the common ostrich and the greater rhea in the genus ""Struthio"". As the publication date of Linnaeus's sixth"
"described – fades in specimens), and that locals are known to have traded live cassowaries for hundreds, if not thousands of years, some of which are likely to have escaped/been deliberately introduced to regions away from their origin. Cassowaries are closely related to the kiwis, both families diverging from a common ancestor approximately 40 million years ago. The binomial name ""Casuarius casuarius"" is derived from its Malay name ""kesuari"". The southern cassowary was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 18th century work, ""Systema Naturae"", as ""Struthio casuarius"", from a specimen from Seram, in 1758. It is now the type"
"Cosesaurus Cosesaurus is a genus of archosauromorph reptiles likely belonging to the family Tanystropheidae. It is known from fossil imprints of a single small skeleton, MGB V1, which was found in Muschelkalk outcrops near the municipalities of Mont-ral and Alcover in Spain. These outcrops are dated to the Ladinian age of the middle Triassic about 242 to 237 million years ago. The specimen is stored at the Museu Martorell (a.k.a. the Museu Geologia de Barcelona), which is now part of the Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona. The poor preservation and likely juvenile nature of the specimen has led to"
"Carnosauria Carnosauria is a large group of predatory dinosaurs that lived during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. While it originally contained a wide assortment of giant theropods that were not closely related, the group has since been defined to encompass only the allosaurs and their closest kin. Starting from the 1990s, scientists have discovered some very large carnosaurs in the carcharodontosaurid family, such as ""Giganotosaurus"" and ""Tyrannotitan"" which are among the largest known predatory dinosaurs. Distinctive characteristics of carnosaurs include large eyes, a long narrow skull and modifications of the legs and pelvis such as the thigh (femur) being longer"
"a man. Kofron (1999 and 2003) studied 241 documented cassowary attacks and found that one human and two dogs had been killed, but no evidence that cassowaries can disembowel or dismember other animals. Cassowaries use their claws to defend themselves, to attack threatening animals, and in agonistic displays such as the Bowed Threat Display. The seriema also has an enlarged second toe claw, and uses it to tear apart small prey items for swallowing. In 2011, a study suggested that the sickle claw would likely have been used to pin down prey while biting it, rather than as a slashing"
"edition was before the 1758 starting point of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, Brisson and not Linnaeus is considered as the authority for the genus. Cassowaries (from the Malay name ""kasuārī"") are part of the ratite group, which also includes the emu, rheas, ostriches, and kiwi, and the extinct moas and elephant birds. Three extant species are recognized, and one extinct: Most authorities consider the taxonomic classification above to be monotypic; however, several subspecies of each have been described, and some of them have even been suggested as separate species, e.g., ""C. (b) papuanus"". The taxonomic name ""C. (b)"
"Champsosaurus Champsosaurus is an extinct genus of diapsid reptiles belonging to the order Choristodera, that existed in the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene periods. It consists of seven species: ""C. albertensis, C. ambulator, C. gigas, C. laramiensis, C. lindoei, C. natator,"" and ""C. tenuis."" The name ""Champsosaurus"" is thought to come from χαμψαι [champsai] (said in an Ancient Greek source to be an Egyptian word for ""crocodiles""), and σαύρος [sauros] (Greek for ""lizard""). The largest species, ""C. gigas"", grew to 3-3.5 m (10–12 ft) in length. Its fossils have been found in North America (Alberta, Saskatchewan, Montana, New Mexico, Texas, Colorado,"
"the open plains and woodlands. Also native to Australia and the islands to the north are the three species of cassowary. Shorter than an emu, but heavier and solidly built, cassowaries prefer thickly vegetated tropical forest. They can be very dangerous when surprised or cornered because of their razor sharp talons. In New Guinea, cassowary eggs are brought back to villages and the chicks raised for eating as a much-prized delicacy, despite (or perhaps because of) the risk they pose to life and limb. They reach up to tall and weigh as much as South America has two species of"
"or adding litter to regulate the temperature, then protects the chicks, who stay in the nest for about nine months, defending them fiercely against all potential predators, including humans. The young males then go off to find a territory of their own. The female does not care for the eggs or the chicks but moves on to lay eggs in the nests of several other males. Cassowaries are predominantly frugivorous. Besides fruits, their diet includes flowers, fungi, snails, insects, frogs, birds, fish, rats, mice, and carrion. Fruit from at least 26 plant families has been documented in the diet of"
"is the lowest frequency bird-call known and is at the lower limit of human hearing. A cooling function for the very similar casques of guineafowl has been proposed. The average lifespan of wild cassowaries is believed to be about 40 to 50 years. Cassowaries are native to the humid rainforests of New Guinea and nearby smaller islands, and northeastern Australia. They will, however, venture out into palm scrub, grassland, savanna, and swamp forest. It is unclear if some islands' populations are natural or the result of trade in young birds by natives. Cassowaries are solitary birds except during courtship, egg-laying,"
"phylogenetic position is uncertain, and it has also been suggested ""Casineria"" is a basal temnospondyl amphibian. Casineria Casineria is an extinct genus of tetrapod which lived about 340 million years ago in the Mississippian epoch of the Carboniferous period. Its generic name, ""Casineria"", is a latinization of Cheese Bay, the site near Edinburgh, Scotland where the holotype fossil was found. When originally described in 1999, it was identified as a transitional fossil noted for its mix of basal (amphibian-like) and advanced (reptile-like) characteristics, putting it at or very near the origin of the amniotes, the group containing all mammals, birds,"
"Casineria Casineria is an extinct genus of tetrapod which lived about 340 million years ago in the Mississippian epoch of the Carboniferous period. Its generic name, ""Casineria"", is a latinization of Cheese Bay, the site near Edinburgh, Scotland where the holotype fossil was found. When originally described in 1999, it was identified as a transitional fossil noted for its mix of basal (amphibian-like) and advanced (reptile-like) characteristics, putting it at or very near the origin of the amniotes, the group containing all mammals, birds, modern reptiles, and other descendants of their reptile-like common ancestor. However, the sole known fossil is"
"the current South American ratite lineage, the rheas. If this was the case, not only it expanded the fossil range of this lineage spatially, but temporally as well, since ""Diogenornis"" occurs in the late Paleocene and is among the earliest known ratites. The Pliocene indian ""Hypselornis"" has also been linked to emus and cassowaries, but no recent (post-30s) studies have been performed in this extremely obscure taxon. Casuariiformes (Sclater, 1880) Forbes 1884 Casuariiformes The Casuariiformes is an order of large flightless bird that has four surviving members: the three species of cassowary, and the only remaining species of emu. They"
"contain burrowing animals have considerably higher amounts of and as well as greater nitrification potential and microbial consumption than in vegetated soils. The primary mechanism for this occurrence is caused by the removal of the covering grassland. Fossorial A fossorial (from Latin ""fossor"", meaning ""digger"") is an animal adapted to digging which lives primarily, but not solely, underground. Some examples are badgers, naked mole-rats, clams, and mole salamanders. Most bees and wasps are called ""fossorial Hymenoptera"". Many rodent species are also considered fossorial as they live in burrows for most of the day, though they may be surface-dwelling during other"