Element 112, Cn, is named after which astronomer?
"team's discovery, the IUPAC asked them to suggest a permanent name for element 112. On 14 July 2009, they proposed ""copernicium"" with the element symbol Cp, after Nicolaus Copernicus ""to honor an outstanding scientist, who changed our view of the world"". During the standard six-month discussion period among the scientific community about the naming, it was pointed out that the symbol ""Cp"" was previously associated with the name ""cassiopeium"" (cassiopium), now known as lutetium (Lu). For this reason, the IUPAC disallowed the use of Cp as a future symbol, prompting the GSI team to put forward the symbol Cn as"
"asteroid, 3948 Bohr, was named after him, as was the Bohr lunar crater and bohrium, the chemical element with atomic number 107. Niels Bohr Niels Henrik David Bohr (; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research. Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits"
"112 Iphigenia Iphigenia (; minor planet designation: 112 Iphigenia) is a fairly large and exceedingly dark main-belt asteroid. Based upon a classification as a C-type asteroid, it has probably a primitive carbonaceous composition. It was discovered by German-American astronomer C. H. F. Peters on September 19, 1870, and named after Iphigenia, the princess sacrificed by her father in Greek mythology. The orbital elements for 112 Iphigenia were published by German astronomer Friedrich Tietjen in 1871. Photometric observations of this asteroid during 2007 at the Observatorio Astronómico de Mallorca were used to create a light curve plot, which was published in"
"an absolute magnitude of 12.41. This minor planet was named after Polish astronomer and mathematician Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543), the founder of modern astronomy who formulated the heliocentric model that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the Universe. The official naming citation was mentioned in ""The Names of the Minor Planets"" by Paul Herget in 1955 (). The lunar crater ""Copernicus"" as well as the Martian crater ""Copernicus"" are both named in his honor. The asteroid's unusual spelling, ""Coppernicus"", is attributed to German biographer Leopold Prowe. 1322 Coppernicus 1322 Coppernicus, provisional designation , is a stony"
"CNES and other institutions, which gave a period of hours (), and by Italian astronomer Federico Manzini at SAS observatory in Novara, Jean Strajnic and Raoul Behrend from December 2012, which rendered a period of hours with an amplitude of 0.66 in magnitude (). This minor planet was named in honour of the German-born, Swiss–American physicist and Nobelist Albert Einstein (1879–1955). It is considered suitable, that the body discovered at Bern is named after the 1921 Nobel prize for physics laureate, since it was the place where he had his golden years while working as a clerk at the Swiss"
"the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft in 1997. The American Chemical Society honoured Peter Armbruster 1997 as one of few non-Americans with the 'Nuclear Chemistry Award'. Jefferson Lab Peter Armbruster Peter Armbruster (born 25 July 1931 in Dachau, Bavaria) is a physicist at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI) facility in Darmstadt, Germany, and is credited with co-discovering elements 107 (bohrium), 108 (hassium), 109 (meitnerium), 110 (darmstadtium), 111 (roentgenium), and 112 (copernicium) with research partner Gottfried Münzenberg. He studied physics at the Technical University of Stuttgart and Munich, and obtained his Ph.D. in 1961 under Heinz Maier-Leibnitz, Technical University of Munich. His major"
"Sneden's Star BPS CS22892-0052 (Sneden's Star) is an old population II star located at a distance of 4.7 kpc in the galactic halo. It belongs to a class of ultra-metal-poor stars (Metallicity [Fe/H]=-3.1), specifically the very rare subclass of neutron-capture (r-process) enhanced stars. It was discovered by Tim C. Beers and collaborators with the Curtis Schmidt telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Extended high-resolution spectroscopic observations since around 1995 (with Chris Sneden from the University of Texas at Austin as the leading observer) allowed observers to determine the abundances of 53 chemical elements in this star, as"
"Sylvain Arend Sylvain Julien Victor Arend (6 August 1902 – 18 February 1992) was a Belgian astronomer born in Robelmont, Luxembourg province, Belgium. His main interest was astrometry. Together with Georges Roland, he discovered the bright comet C/1956 R1 (Arend-Roland). He also discovered, or co-discovered, the periodic comets 49P/Arend-Rigaux and 50P/Arend, Nova Scuti 1952, and a number of asteroids, including notably the Amor asteroid 1916 Boreas and the Trojan asteroid 1583 Antilochus. He also discovered 1652 Hergé which is named after Hergé, the creator of ""The Adventures of Tintin"". The asteroid 1563 Noël is named after his son, Emanuel Arend."
"Danish chemist and astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung (1873–1967), best known for the famous Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, a spectral classification system for stars he developed jointly with Russel, after whom the asteroid was named. From 1934 to 1945, Hertzsprung was the head of the Leiden Observatory in the Netherlands. As a prominent expert in photometry, he initiated a survey of variable stars in the Southern Milky Way at the Leiden Southern Station. A number of asteroids and comets were also discovered during the course of this survey. The asteroid's name was suggested by the staff at Leiden Observatory. The official naming citation was"
"a naming contest which attracted 6,000 entries from fifty states and sixty-one countries. The Chandra X-ray Observatory was launched and deployed by Space Shuttle ""Columbia"" on 23 July 1999. The Chandrasekhar number, an important dimensionless number of magnetohydrodynamics, is named after him. The asteroid 1958 Chandra is also named after Chandrasekhar. The Himalayan Chandra Telescope is named after him. In the ""Biographical Memoirs of the Fellows of the Royal Society of London"", R. J. Tayler wrote: ""Chandrasekhar was a classical applied mathematician whose research was primarily applied in astronomy and whose like will probably never be seen again."" Chandrasekhar guided"
"located in a grove of trees at the southwest corner of the grounds of the National Academy of Sciences on Constitution Avenue. The chemical element 99, einsteinium, was named for him in August 1955, four months after Einstein's death. 2001 Einstein is an inner main belt asteroid discovered on 5 March 1973. In 1999 ""Time"" magazine named him the Person of the Century, ahead of Mahatma Gandhi and Franklin Roosevelt, among others. In the words of a biographer, ""to the scientifically literate and the public at large, Einstein is synonymous with genius"". Also in 1999, an opinion poll of 100"
"Einsteinium Einsteinium is a synthetic element with symbol Es and atomic number 99. A member of the actinide series, it is the seventh transuranic element. Einsteinium was discovered as a component of the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion in 1952, and named after Albert Einstein. Its most common isotope einsteinium-253 (half-life 20.47 days) is produced artificially from decay of californium-253 in a few dedicated high-power nuclear reactors with a total yield on the order of one milligram per year. The reactor synthesis is followed by a complex process of separating einsteinium-253 from other actinides and products of their"
"he did at the boarding school in which he studied. The astronomer Rafael Ferrando baptized the asteroid 108113 as ""Maza"", in honor of José Maza Sancho. José Maza Sancho José María Maza Sancho (born 1948) is a Chilean astronomer and astrophysicist. His work has focused on the study of supernovas, the execution of a search for objects with emission lines, dark energy, and quasars with an objective prism, which led him to be awarded the National Prize for Exact Sciences in 1999. After studying at the Internado Nacional Barros Arana, he entered the University of Chile as an astronomy student."
"Sciences since 1988. He was awarded the Prix Jules Janssen of the Société astronomique de France (Astronomical Society of France), in 2001. Cayrel and his colleagues discovered thorium and uranium in the ultra-metal-poor halo star BPS CS31082-0001, which was named Cayrel's Star to honour him. From the thorium and uranium content, an age of 12.5 Billion years could be calculated. Since 1954, he has been married to the Italian astronomer Giusa de Strobel. Roger Cayrel Roger Victor Emile Cayrel (born 4 December 1925, Bordeaux, France) is a French astronomer. His main interests are stellar atmospheres, galactic chemical evolution and metal-poor"
"planet Uranus — for which he proposed the names ""Astraea"", ""Cybele"", and ""Neptune"" — and its satellites. He was also one of the first to calculate the orbit of the first asteroid, 1 Ceres, in 1801. Prosperin calculated orbits for a total of 84 comets, especially Comet Messier (C/1769 P1), Comet Lexell (D/1770 L1), the Great Comet of 1771 (C/1771 A1, 1770 II), Comet Montaigne (C/1774 P1), Comet Bode (C/1779 A1), and Comet Encke (2P/1795 V1). The asteroid 7292 Prosperin was named in his honor. Erik Prosperin Erik Prosperin (25 July 1739 – 4 April 1803) was a Swedish astronomer."
"2010. This showed a relatively long synodic rotation period of 31.385 ± 0.006 hours (1.3 days) and a brightness variation of 0.30 ± 0.02 magnitude during each cycle. These findings agree with independent results reported in 2008, which gave a period of 31.466 ± 0.001 hours. 112 Iphigenia Iphigenia (; minor planet designation: 112 Iphigenia) is a fairly large and exceedingly dark main-belt asteroid. Based upon a classification as a C-type asteroid, it has probably a primitive carbonaceous composition. It was discovered by German-American astronomer C. H. F. Peters on September 19, 1870, and named after Iphigenia, the princess sacrificed"
"Gregory Robert Choppin Gregory R. Choppin (November 9, 1927, Texas, United States – October 21, 2015, Tallahassee, Florida) was an American nuclear chemist and co-discoverer of the element Mendelevium, atomic number 101 Others in the discovery group were Albert Ghiorso, Bernard G. Harvey, Stanley G. Thompson, and Glenn T. Seaborg. The element was named in honor of Dmitri Mendeleev. Choppin received a Bachelor of Science degree at Loyola University New Orleans and earned his doctorate at the University of Texas in 1953. He then worked as a Postdoctoral researcher at the University of California, Berkeley from 1953-1956. While at Berkeley"
"Lawrencium Lawrencium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lr (formerly Lw) and atomic number 103. It is named in honor of Ernest Lawrence, inventor of the cyclotron, a device that was used to discover many artificial radioactive elements. A radioactive metal, lawrencium is the eleventh transuranic element and is also the final member of the actinide series. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, lawrencium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. Twelve isotopes of lawrencium are currently known; the most stable is Lr with a half-life of 11 hours, but"
"and astronomy, who founded the Kraków Observatory (). The lunar crater ""Sniadecki"" is also named in his honor. The official naming citation was mentioned in ""The Names of the Minor Planets"" by Paul Herget in 1955 (). 1262 Sniadeckia 1262 Sniadeckia, provisional designation , is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 54 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 23 March 1933, by Belgian astronomer Sylvain Arend at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle. The asteroid was named for Polish astronomer Jan Śniadecki. It has a notably low eccentricity of only 0.005."
"Niobium Niobium, formerly known as columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a soft, grey, crystalline, ductile transition metal, often found in the minerals pyrochlore and columbite, hence the former name ""columbium"". Its name comes from Greek mythology, specifically Niobe, who was the daughter of Tantalus, the namesake of tantalum. The name reflects the great similarity between the two elements in their physical and chemical properties, making them difficult to distinguish. The English chemist Charles Hatchett reported a new element similar to tantalum in 1801 and named it columbium. In 1809,"
"in Roskilde in 1967. The asteroid 1693 Hertzsprung was named in his honour. Ejnar Hertzsprung Ejnar Hertzsprung (; 8 October 1873 – 21 October 1967) was a Danish chemist and astronomer born in Copenhagen. In the period 1911–1913, together with Henry Norris Russell, he developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. In 1913 he determined the distances to several Cepheid variable stars by statistical parallax, and was thus able to calibrate the relationship discovered by Henrietta Leavitt between Cepheid period and luminosity. In this determination he made a mistake, possibly a slip of the pen, putting the stars 10 times too close. He"
"111 Ate Ate (minor planet designation: 111 Ate) is a main-belt asteroid that was discovered by the German-American astronomer C. H. F. Peters on August 14, 1870, and named after Ate, the goddess of mischief and destruction in Greek mythology. In the Tholen classification system, it is categorized as a carbonaceous C-type asteroid, while the Bus asteroid taxonomy system lists it as an Ch asteroid. Two stellar occultations by Ate were observed in 2000, only two months apart. The occultation of the star HIP 2559 by 111 Ate was used to determine a chord length of 125.6 ± 7.2 km"
"Witold Nazarewicz Dr. Witold Nazarewicz (born 1954) is a nuclear physicist born in Warsaw, Poland, currently teaching at Michigan State University. He is also the scientific director of the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. He earned his doctorate in physics from the Warsaw Institute of Technology in 1981 and holds the title of ""professor ordinarius"" in Poland. Dr. Nazarewicz has been twice featured in the New York Times, once on February 1, 2004 in an article about the discovery of elements 113 and 115, and the second time on October 17, 2006 in an article"
"Christiaan Huygens Christiaan Huygens ( ; ; ; 14 April 1629 – 8 July 1695) was a Dutch physicist, mathematician, astronomer and inventor, who is widely regarded as one of the greatest scientists of all time and a major figure in the scientific revolution. In physics, Huygens made groundbreaking contributions in optics and mechanics, while as an astronomer he is chiefly known for his studies of the rings of Saturn and the discovery of its moon Titan. As an inventor, he improved the design of the telescope with the invention of the Huygenian eyepiece. His most famous invention, however, was"
"becomes highly explosive, and realize that this element, somehow working its way from deep in the Earth, is responsible for the earthquakes. Although the material is not analyzed for specific atomic traits, it is named Element 112 just because so far, 111 chemical elements had been discovered. A computer determines that in approximately one month, enough of Element 112 will emerge from the deep earth to cause the entire planet to explode. A desperate operation ensues worldwide to blast and trench the ground to let water in and cover Element 112, keeping it from drying out and expanding. ""The Night"
"and undiscovered elements, copernicium should be known as ""eka-mercury"". In 1979, IUPAC published recommendations according to which the element was to be called ""ununbium"" (with the corresponding symbol of ""Uub""), a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the element was discovered (and the discovery then confirmed) and a permanent name was decided on. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who either called it ""element 112"", with the symbol of ""E112"", ""(112)"", or even simply ""112"". After acknowledging the GSI"
"nearly 70%, and helium to be about 27%. Just before the war, he discovered the so-called Strömgren Spheres — huge interstellar shells of ionized hydrogen around stars. And in the 1950s and 1960s, he pioneered photoelectric photometry with a novel four-color system, now called Strömgren photometric system. Apart from the Danish observatory of Brorfelde, Strömgren was active in the early organisation of the joint European observatory of ESO in La Silla. Awards Named after him Miscellaneous Bengt Strömgren Bengt Georg Daniel Strömgren (21 January 1908 – 4 July 1987) was a Danish astronomer and astrophysicist. Bengt Strömgren was born in"
"Nobelium Nobelium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol No and atomic number 102. It is named in honor of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite and benefactor of science. A radioactive metal, it is the tenth transuranic element and is the penultimate member of the actinide series. Like all elements with atomic number over 100, nobelium can only be produced in particle accelerators by bombarding lighter elements with charged particles. A total of twelve nobelium isotopes are known to exist; the most stable is No with a half-life of 58 minutes, but the shorter-lived No (half-life 3.1 minutes) is"
"an enormous work task before the advent of any computer based assistance. The outer main-belt asteroid 1111 Reinmuthia, discovered by himself at Heidelberg in 1912, was named in his honor (). Among his most notable discoveries are the two near-Earth objects (NEOs) 1862 Apollo, the namesake of the Apollo group which became the largest group of asteroids within the NEO category with nearly 8,000 members, and 69230 Hermes, famous for being a lost asteroid for more than half a century until its recovery in 2003, and for being the only unnumbered but named asteroid during that period. He also discovered"
"Robert Strutt, 4th Baron Rayleigh Robert John Strutt, 4th Baron Rayleigh FRS (28 August 1875 – 13 December 1947) was a British peer and physicist. He discovered ""active nitrogen"" and was the first to distinguish the glow of the night sky. Strutt was born at Terling Place, the family home near Witham, Essex, the eldest son of John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh and his wife Evelyn Georgiana Mary (née Balfour). He was thus a nephew of Arthur Balfour and of Eleanor Mildred Sidgwick. He was educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he initially read mathematics, but"
"1122 Neith 1122 Neith ( ""or"" ), provisional designation , is a background asteroid from the central region of the asteroid belt, approximately 12 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by Belgian astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle on 17 September 1928. The asteroid was named after the goddess Neith from Egyptian mythology. ""Neith"" is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 1.9–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,536 days; semi-major axis of 2.61 AU). Its orbit"
"Ejnar Hertzsprung Ejnar Hertzsprung (; 8 October 1873 – 21 October 1967) was a Danish chemist and astronomer born in Copenhagen. In the period 1911–1913, together with Henry Norris Russell, he developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. In 1913 he determined the distances to several Cepheid variable stars by statistical parallax, and was thus able to calibrate the relationship discovered by Henrietta Leavitt between Cepheid period and luminosity. In this determination he made a mistake, possibly a slip of the pen, putting the stars 10 times too close. He used this relationship to estimate the distance to the Small Magellanic Cloud. From"
"was the first director of the Paris Observatory from 1671 until his death. He discovered the four moons of Saturn – Iapetus, Rhea, Tethys and Dione – the major gap in its rings, known as Cassini Division, and was the first to write down observations of the zodiacal light. The Cassini–Huygens spacecraft is named after him and Christiaan Huygens. The lunar and Martian craters ""Cassini"" are also named in his honor. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 21 September 2002 (). 24101 Cassini 24101 Cassini, provisional designation """", is an eccentric background asteroid from"