Name the spacecraft launched in 2004 by the European Space Agency to chase the comet 67P Churuyumov-Gerasimenko?
"would approach and land, then subsequently hop to other locations on the comet. As the comet approached the Sun, the spacecraft would land and hop multiple times. The final landing would occur at 1.5 AU. As the comet approached the Sun and became more active, the spacecraft would be able to record surface changes. Also, 46P/Wirtanen was the original destination of the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft mission, but launch delays meant that the comet was no longer easily reachable and another periodic comet, 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, was chosen as the mission's target instead. Russian forecaster Mikhail Maslov had predicted that the"
"be primordial. CAESAR is a proposed sample-return mission aimed at returning to 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, capturing regolith from the surface, and returning it to Earth. This mission is competing in NASA's New Frontiers mission 4 selection process, and as of December 2017 is one of two finalists in the program. 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko (abbreviated as 67P or 67P/C-G) is a Jupiter-family comet, originally from the Kuiper belt, with a current orbital period of 6.45 years, a rotation period of approximately 12.4 hours and a maximum velocity of . Churyumov–Gerasimenko is approximately at its longest and widest dimensions. It was first observed on photographic"
"Kosmos 2404 Kosmos 2404 ( meaning ""Cosmos 2404"") is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2003 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2402 and Kosmos 2403. This satellite is the first GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 701. Kosmos 2402/3/4 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 17:42 UTC on 10 December 2003. The launch successfully placed the satellites into"
"Foton-M No.4 Foton-M No.4 is a Russian microgravity and bioscience research spacecraft launched in July 2014 as part of the Foton programme. It is the fourth spacecraft in the Foton-M series, and the first to use the 34KSM configuration incorporating the equipment module from a Yantar satellite in place of that of a Zenit on earlier missions. Foton-M No.4 was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome on 18 July 2014, atop a Soyuz-2-1a carrier rocket. The launch was completed successfully, with the satellite separating from its rocket and beginning data transmission to its controllers. However, after four orbits, it ceased responding"
"trip and were able to breed and develop successfully. Another experiment aboard the spacecraft is designed to measure the effects of microgravity on semiconductor crystal growth, with the ultimate goal of producing higher-quality crystals for use in electronics. Foton-M No.4 Foton-M No.4 is a Russian microgravity and bioscience research spacecraft launched in July 2014 as part of the Foton programme. It is the fourth spacecraft in the Foton-M series, and the first to use the 34KSM configuration incorporating the equipment module from a Yantar satellite in place of that of a Zenit on earlier missions. Foton-M No.4 was launched from"
"first time on a comet, the Churyumov-Gerasimenko, after a ten-year star voyage, and the routine operations of the Venus Express mission, and is used currently as support for the Mars Express.He will participate in upcoming missions, such as BepiColombo, which will visit Mercury, as well as the follow-up of the Herschel, Planck, LISA Pathfinder and Gaia space telescopes. Cebreros Station Cebreros Station (also known as DSA 2 or Deep Space Antenna 2) is a European Space Agency, ESTRACK radio antenna station for communication with spacecraft, located about 10 km east of Cebreros and 90 km from Madrid, Spain, operated by"
"on 25 June 1967. Kosmos 167 Kosmos 167 ( meaning ""Cosmos 167""), or 4V-1 No.311, was a 1967 Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A 4V-1 spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 167 was intended to land on Venus, but never departed low Earth orbit due to a launch failure. The 4V-1 No.311 spacecraft was the second of two 4V-1 vehicles built and operated by Lavochkin, following Venera 4. A Molniya-M carrier rocket was used to launch 3MV-4 No.6. The launch occurred from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 02:36:38 UTC on 17 June 1967. Due"
"Kosmos 2499 Kosmos 2499 (International Designator 2014-028E, catalogue number 39765) is a Russian satellite currently orbiting the Earth. The satellite was launched on May 23, 2014, from Plesetsk, Russia on a Rokot/Briz-KM launch vehicle. Following launch the spacecraft was provisionally described by the NASA Orbital Debris Program Office as Object E until its identity was confirmed. NORAD tracked it under the designation Norad 39765. Some reports have speculated, based on its unusual powered maneuvers, that it may be an experimental anti-satellite weapon, satellite maintenance vehicle, or collector of space debris. Chatham House research director and space security expert Patricia Lewis"
"Kosmos 167 Kosmos 167 ( meaning ""Cosmos 167""), or 4V-1 No.311, was a 1967 Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A 4V-1 spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 167 was intended to land on Venus, but never departed low Earth orbit due to a launch failure. The 4V-1 No.311 spacecraft was the second of two 4V-1 vehicles built and operated by Lavochkin, following Venera 4. A Molniya-M carrier rocket was used to launch 3MV-4 No.6. The launch occurred from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 02:36:38 UTC on 17 June 1967. Due to a turbopump cooling"
"CAESAR (spacecraft) CAESAR (Comet Astrobiology Exploration Sample Return) is a proposed sample-return mission to comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. The mission was proposed in 2017 to NASA's New Frontiers program mission 4, and on 20 December 2017 it was one of two finalists selected for further concept development. If selected in July 2019, it may launch between 2024 and 2025, with a capsule delivering a sample back to Earth in 2038. The Principal Investigator is Steve Squyres of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. ""CAESAR"" would be managed by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The spacecraft would be built by"
"Progress M-04M Progress M-04M (), identified by NASA as Progress 36P, is a Russian Progress spacecraft which was launched in February 2010 to resupply the International Space Station. It was docked with the aft port of the ""Zvezda"" module of the station. Progress M-04M was launched by a Soyuz-U carrier rocket, flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The launch occurred at 03:45 UTC on 3 February 2010, and after just over three days of free flight, Progress M-04M docked with the ""Zvezda"" module of the International Space Station at 04:26 UTC on 5 February. Its docking marked the"
"00:11 on April 30. The Expedition 10 crew, Leroy Chiao-Cdr U.S.A. and Salizhan Sharipov-Russia replaced the Expedition 9 crew, Gennady Padalka-Cdr Russia and Michael Fincke-Flight Engineer-U.S.A. on October 16, 2004. Soyuz TMA-4 Soyuz TMA-4 was a Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS) launched by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle. It was launched on April 19, 2004 (UTC) from Baikonur Cosmodrome. Gennady Padalka from Russia, Michael Fincke from the USA and André Kuipers from the Netherlands were flown to the International Space Station. Kuipers returned to Earth 9 days later together with ISS crew 8 with the re-entry module"
"of the European Space Agency's Living Planet programme. It was selected for further studies in 1999, and following completion of a feasibility study the mission was authorised. The construction phase began in 2001, and in 2002 EADS Astrium was awarded a contract to build the spacecraft. A contract was also signed with Eurockot, to conduct the launch of the satellite using a Rokot/Briz-KM carrier rocket. Construction of the original spacecraft was completed in August 2004. Following testing, the spacecraft was shipped to the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia during August 2005 and arrived on 1 September. The launch occurred from Site"
"Svetlana Gerasimenko Svetlana Ivanovna Gerasimenko (; ) is a Soviet and Tajikistani astronomer of Ukrainian origin and discoverer of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. On 11 September 1969 Gerasimenko while working at the Alma-Ata Astrophysical Institute, near Almaty, the then-capital city of Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union photographed the comet 32P/Comas Solà using a 50-cm Maksutov telescope. After returning to her home institute, Klim Ivanovych Churyumov of the Kiev National University's Astronomical Observatory examined this photograph and found a cometary object near the edge of the plate, but assumed that this was Comas Solà. On 22 October, about a month after the"
"Kosmos 1604 Kosmos 1604 ( meaning ""Cosmos 1604"") is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1984 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors. Kosmos 1604 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 19:49 UTC on 4 October 1984. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the"
"Progress MS-04 Progress MS-04 (), identified by NASA as Progress 65 or 65P, was a Progress cargo spacecraft launched by Roscosmos in an unsuccessful attempt to resupply the International Space Station (ISS). The Progress MS-4 spacecraft was carrying about 2450 kg of cargo and supplies to the International Space Station. The spacecraft was delivering food, fuel and supplies, including 705 kg of propellant, 50 kg of oxygen and air, and 420 kg of water. Progress MS-4 was scheduled to dock with the aft docking port of the Zvezda module. Progress MS-4 was launched on December 1, 2016 from the Baikonur"
"international designator 1984-107A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 15350. Kosmos 1604 Kosmos 1604 ( meaning ""Cosmos 1604"") is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1984 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors. Kosmos 1604 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 19:49 UTC on 4 October 1984. The launch successfully"
"Soyuz TMA-4 Soyuz TMA-4 was a Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS) launched by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle. It was launched on April 19, 2004 (UTC) from Baikonur Cosmodrome. Gennady Padalka from Russia, Michael Fincke from the USA and André Kuipers from the Netherlands were flown to the International Space Station. Kuipers returned to Earth 9 days later together with ISS crew 8 with the re-entry module of the Soyuz TMA-3, the other two stayed as ISS crew 9. The craft landed October 24, 2004 with Padalka, Fincke and Yuri Shargin aboard. Soyuz TMA-4 is a Russian"
"Kosmos 2494 Kosmos 2494 ( meaning ""Space 2494"") is a Russian military satellite launched in 2014 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. This satellite is a GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 754. Kosmos 2494 was launched from Site 43/4 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in northern Russia. A Soyuz-2-1b carrier rocket with a Fregat upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 22:54 UTC on 23 March 2014. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2014-012A."
"old electronics box for a high-gain communications antenna. At completion, the two cosmonauts set a new record for the longest Russian spacewalk to date. Official website Alexander Misurkin Alexander Alexanderovich Misurkin () born on September 23, 1977, a major in the Russian Air Force, is a Russian cosmonaut, selected in 2006. He flew aboard Soyuz TMA-08M on 28 March 2013 as his first space mission, and launched on Soyuz MS-06 as his second flight, in 2017. He was Commander of the International Space Station for Expedition 54. Misurkin is married to Olga Anatolievna Misurkina. The couple has two children. His"
"as a short-term one, which would be over long before Cassini arrived at Saturn in 2004. But after a brief return to Imperial, in May 2001 he became Director of Science at ESA. The first launch under his directorship was the gamma-ray observatory Integral in October 2002. This was followed by three low-cost planetary missions: Smart-1 to the Moon (2003), Mars Express (2003), and Venus Express (2005). Mars Express and Venus Express each used a large amount of hardware in common with the Rosetta mission to comet Churymuov-Gerasimenko (launched 2004). On 14 January 2005 ESA’s Huygens probe, which had detached"
"Kosmos 104 Kosmos 104 ( meaning ""Cosmos 104"") or Zenit-2 No.36 was a Soviet optical film-return reconnaissance satellite launched in 1966. A Zenit-2 spacecraft, Kosmos 104 was the thirty-second of eighty-one such satellites to be launched and had a mass of . Kosmos 104 was launched by a Vostok-2 rocket flying from Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The launch took place at 08:24 UTC on 7 January 1966; however, the carrier rocket malfunctioned, placing the spacecraft into the wrong orbit. The spacecraft received a Kosmos designation, along with the International Designator 1966-001A and the Satellite Catalog Number 1903. Despite"
"spacewalk marked the fourth EVA conducted during the Expedition 38 and lasted six hours and eight minutes. On 17 August 2017, Ryazansky performed his fourth spacewalk with cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin. The cosmonauts tested a new version of the Orlan space suit, deploying five nano-satellites and installing external experiments. Spacewalk lasted of 7 hours, 34 minutes. Sergey Ryazansky Sergey Nikolayevich Ryazansky (; born November 13, 1974) is a Russian cosmonaut. He was selected as commander of the IMBP-6 cosmonaut group in 2003, but later transferred to the TsPK Cosmonaut Group. Ryazansky made his first spaceflight aboard the Soyuz TMA-10M/Expedition 37/Expedition 38"
"the experiments were designed by the ESA's student programme. One notable experiment tested the ability of lichen to survive in space. It was successful, as the lichen survived over 14 days of exposure to space. Foton-M No.2 Foton-M No.2 was an unmanned Foton-M spacecraft which carried a European payload for the European Space Agency (ESA). It was placed into orbit by a Russian Soyuz-U rocket launched at 12:00 UTC on 20 June 2005 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan by the Russian Space Agency (RKA). The Foton-M No.2 mission was a replacement for the failed Foton-M No.1 mission, which was"
"433 Eros, was performed in 2001 by the probe NEAR Shoemaker despite the fact that NEAR was not originally designed to be capable of landing. The ""Hayabusa"" probe made several attempts to land on 25143 Itokawa in 2005 with mixed success, including a failed attempt to deploy a rover. Meanwhile, it was the second lander on asteroid and in 2010 the first sample returm mission from asteroid. The ""Rosetta"" probe, launched 2 March 2004, put the first robotic lander ""Philae"" on comet Churyumov–Gerasimenko on 12 November 2014. Due to the extremely low gravity of such bodies, the landing system includes"
"of the Foton-M. The first was in 2002 from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome, which ended in failure due to a problem in the launch vehicle. The last three were from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, in 2005, 2007, and 2014; all were successful. Both the Foton and Foton-M series used Soyuz-U (11A511U and 11A511U2) rockets as launch vehicles. Starting with the Foton-7 mission, the European Space Agency has been a partner in the Foton program. Foton-M is a new generation of Russian robotic spacecraft for research conducted in the microgravity environment of Earth orbit. The Foton-M design is based on the design of"
"Kosmos 2402 Kosmos 2402 ( meaning ""Cosmos 2402"") is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2003 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2403 and Kosmos 2404. This satellite is a GLONASS satellite, also known as Uragan, and is numbered Uragan No. 794. Kosmos 2402/3/4 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 17:42 UTC on 10 December 2003. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium"
"and possibly a JAXA-led Jupiter Magnetospheric Orbiter. ESA's contribution faced funding competition from other ESA projects, but on 2 May 2012 the European part of the mission, renamed Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer (JUICE), obtained a L1 launch slot in 2022 with an Ariane 5 in the ESA's Cosmic Vision science programme. The spacecraft will orbit Ganymede and conduct multiple flyby investigations of Callisto and Europa. The Russian Space Research Institute is currently evaluating the Ganymede Lander (GL) mission, with emphasis on astrobiology. The Ganymede Lander would be a partner mission for JUpiter ICy moon Explorer (JUICE). If selected, it would"
"Foton-M No.1 Foton-M No.1 was an unmanned space mission by the European Space Agency aboard a Russian Soyuz-U rocket that failed to launch successfully. The spacecraft's payload consisted of 44 experiments prepared by the European Space Agency, Fluidpac, BIOPAN-4, Telescience Support Unit, and others. The mission was supposed to consist of 15 days spent in orbit of the Earth and then re-enter for a landing near the Russia-Kazakhstan border. The launch occurred at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 15 October 2002 at 18:20 UTC. The Blok D strap-on produced an abnormal start transient, but for unknown reasons, ground controllers did not"
"Kosmos 96 Kosmos 96 ( meaning ""Cosmos 96""), or 3MV-4 No.6, was a Soviet spacecraft intended to explore Venus. A 3MV-4 spacecraft launched as part of the Venera programme, Kosmos 96 was to have made a flyby of Venus, however due to a launch failure it did not depart low Earth orbit. The 3MV-4 No.6 spacecraft was originally built for a mission to Mars, with launch scheduled for late 1964. After it was not launched by the end of its launch window, the spacecraft was repurposed, along with two other spacecraft which were launched as Venera 2 and Venera 3,"
"Kosmos 2403 Kosmos 2403 ( meaning ""Cosmos 2403"") is one of a set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2003 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2402 and Kosmos 2404. This satellite is a GLONASS satellite, also known as Uragan, and is numbered Uragan No. 795. Kosmos 2402/3/4 were launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 17:42 UTC on 10 December 2003. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium"
"missions, for example: European Space Agency's Cassini–Huygens mission (investigation of Saturn and Titan), INTEGRAL (space laboratory of high energy astrophysics), Mars Express (Mars orbiter), Rosetta (mission to comet), Venus Express (Venus orbiter), Herschel Space Observatory (investigation of the coldest and most distant objects in the Universe), BepiColombo (mission to Mercury), Roscosmos's Koronas-F, Koronas-I, Koronas-Foton and Fobos-Grunt missions, and CNES' DEMETER and TARANIS missions. Space Research Centre has co-operated with the ESA since 1991. SRC has also collaborated with NASA (IBEX mission) and ISRO (Chandrayaan programme). The Space Research Centre is composed of multiple R&D facilities spread across locations in Warsaw,"
"Kosmos 2397 Kosmos 2397 ( meaning ""Cosmos 2397"") is a Russian US-KMO missile early warning satellite which was launched in 2003 as part of the Russian Space Forces' Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using infrared telescopes. Kosmos 2397 was launched from Site 81/24 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-K carrier rocket with a DM-2 upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 04:23 UTC on 24 April 2003. The launch successfully placed the satellite into geostationary orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 2003-015A. The United"