What is the brightest star in the constellation Cygnus?
"Cygnus (constellation) Cygnus is a northern constellation lying on the plane of the Milky Way, deriving its name from the Latinized Greek word for swan. The swan is one of the most recognizable constellations of the northern summer and autumn, and it features a prominent asterism known as the Northern Cross (in contrast to the Southern Cross). Cygnus was among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy, and it remains one of the 88 modern constellations. Cygnus contains Deneb, one of the brightest stars in the night sky and one corner of the Summer Triangle, as well"
"NML Cygni NML Cygni or V1489 Cygni is a red hypergiant (RHG) or red supergiant (RSG) in the constellation Cygnus. It is one of the largest stars currently known, and is also one of the most luminous and massive cool hypergiants, as well as one of the most luminous stars in the Milky Way. If placed at the center of the Solar System, its surface would extend past the orbit of Jupiter or Saturn. The distance of NML Cygni from Earth is estimated to be around 1.6 kpc, about 5,300 light-years. It is a part of the Cygnus OB2 association,"
"on the outskirts of the massive Cygnus OB2 association, the detectable effects of NML Cygni's radiation on the surrounding dust and gas are limited to the region away from the central hot stars of the association. NML Cygni NML Cygni or V1489 Cygni is a red hypergiant (RHG) or red supergiant (RSG) in the constellation Cygnus. It is one of the largest stars currently known, and is also one of the most luminous and massive cool hypergiants, as well as one of the most luminous stars in the Milky Way. If placed at the center of the Solar System, its"
"KY Cygni KY Cygni is a red supergiant of spectral class M3.5Ia located in the constellation Cygnus. It is one of the largest and most luminous stars, with a luminosity about 300,000 or more times that of the Sun and a radius of over 1,000 times that of the Sun. If it was placed at the center of the Solar System, it would extend past the orbit of Jupiter (or Saturn). It is approximately 5,000 light-years away. KY Cyg lies near the bright open cluster NGC 6913, but is not thought to be a member. The location is close to"
"is the third-brightest star in the constellation Cygnus, is actually a close binary itself. Also in the Cygnus constellation is Cygnus X-1, an X-ray source considered to be a black hole. It is a high-mass X-ray binary, with the optical counterpart being a variable star. Sirius is another binary and the brightest star in the night time sky, with a visual apparent magnitude of −1.46. It is located in the constellation Canis Major. In 1844 Friedrich Bessel deduced that Sirius was a binary. In 1862 Alvan Graham Clark discovered the companion (Sirius B; the visible star is Sirius A). In"
"part of the Gamma Cygni Nebula. The other stars, approximately 3700 light-years from Earth, are mostly blue-white and very hot. Other open clusters in Cygnus include Dolidze 9, Collinder 421, Dolidze 11, and Berkeley 90. Dolidze 9, 2800 light-years from Earth and relatively young at 20 million light-years old, is a faint open cluster with up to 22 stars visible in small and medium-sized amateur telescopes. Nebulosity is visible to the north and east of the cluster, which is 7 arcminutes in diameter. The brightest star appears in the eastern part of the cluster and is of the 7th magnitude;"
"P Cygni P Cygni (34 Cyg) is a variable star in the constellation Cygnus. The designation ""P"" was originally assigned by Johann Bayer in ""Uranometria"" as a nova. Located about 5000 to 6000 light-years (1500–1800 parsecs) from Earth, it is a hypergiant luminous blue variable (LBV) star of spectral type B1Ia that is one of the most luminous stars in the Milky Way. The star is located about 5000 to 6000 light-years (1500–1800 parsecs) from Earth. Despite this vast distance, it is visible to the naked eye in suitable dark sky locations. It was unknown until the end of the"
"orbit. Infall of matter into the secondary star would produce the release of gravitational energy, part of which would cause an increase of the luminosity of the system. P Cygni P Cygni (34 Cyg) is a variable star in the constellation Cygnus. The designation ""P"" was originally assigned by Johann Bayer in ""Uranometria"" as a nova. Located about 5000 to 6000 light-years (1500–1800 parsecs) from Earth, it is a hypergiant luminous blue variable (LBV) star of spectral type B1Ia that is one of the most luminous stars in the Milky Way. The star is located about 5000 to 6000 light-years"
"Delta Cygni Delta Cygni (δ Cygni, abbreviated Delta Cyg, δ Cyg) is a binary star of a combined third-magnitude in the constellation of Cygnus. It is also part of the Northern Cross asterism whose brightest star is Deneb. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, Delta Cygni is located roughly distant from the Sun. Delta Cygni's two components are designated Delta Cygni A (also named Fawaris) and B. More widely separated is a faint third component, a 12th magnitude star that is moving along with the others. Together they form a triple star system. ""δ Cygni"" (Latinised to"
"of magnitude 8.4 and 9.9. Frequency analysis of its light curve shows no significant periods. BI Cyg is one of largest known stars with a radius around based on the assumption of an effective temperature of 3,575 K and a bolometric luminosity of . More recent studies derive lower luminosities below , suggesting an initial mass of , and consequently lower values for the radius. BI Cygni BI Cygni (BI Cyg, IRC +40408, BD+36 4025) is a red supergiant in the constellation Cygnus. It is an irregular variable star with a maximum brightness of magnitude 8.4 and a minimum of"
"Sigma Cygni Sigma Cygni, Latinised from σ Cygni, is a blue supergiant star in the constellation Cygnus. Its apparent magnitude is 4.2. It belongs to the Cygnus OB4 stellar association and is located approximately 3,300 light years away from Earth. Because of its location at the galactic disk, σ Cyg is obstructed by interstellar dust and is reddened by around 0.2 magnitudes and loses about 0.6 magnitudes at visual wavelengths. Allowing for this, the star is over 50,000 times as luminous as the sun. Spectral analysis of the star showed that photospheric Si and He lines display a simultaneous, periodic"
"a concurrent helium flash. This dust had dissipated by 2002, with subsequent luminosities returning to pre-1985 levels. CH Cygni CH Cygni (CH Cyg / HIP 95413 / BD +49 2999) is a red giant, variable, symbiotic binary in the constellation Cygnus. It is the nearest symbiotic star to Earth, and one of the brightest, making it an ideal candidate for study. CH Cygni has a mass of and a radius of . Its white-dwarf companion has a mass of , and the orbital period of the two stars is 5689 days. CH Cygni is classified as M7IIIab + Be. The"
"over a wide area; their conformation appears triangular. The brightest stars of M39 are of the 7th magnitude. Another open cluster in Cygnus is NGC 6910, also called the Rocking Horse Cluster, possessing 16 stars with a diameter of 5 arcminutes visible in a small amateur instrument; it is of magnitude 7.4. The brightest of these are two gold-hued stars, which represent the bottom of the toy it is named for. A larger amateur instrument reveals 8 more stars, nebulosity to the east and west of the cluster, and a diameter of 9 arcminutes. The nebulosity in this region is"
"(not shown on the main map as it is located below the map's southeastern corner, north is up). Instead, the brightest star is Epsilon Sagittarii (ε Sgr) (""Kaus Australis,"" or ""southern part of the bow""), at magnitude 1.85. Sigma Sagittarii (σ Sgr) (""Nunki"") is the constellation's second-brightest star at magnitude 2.08. Nunki is a B2V star approximately 260 light years away. ""Nunki"" is a Babylonian name of uncertain origin, but thought to represent the sacred Babylonian city of Eridu on the Euphrates, which would make Nunki the oldest star name currently in use. Zeta Sagittarii (ζ Sgr) (""Ascella""), with apparent"
"Nu Cygni Nu Cygni, Latinized from ν Cygni, is a binary star system in the constellation Cygnus. Its apparent magnitude is 3.94 and it is approximately 374 light years away based on parallax. The brighter component is a magnitude 4.07 A-type giant star with a stellar classification of A0III n, where the 'n' indicates broad ""nebulous"" absorption lines due to rapid rotation. This white-hued star has an estimated 3.6 times the mass of the Sun and about 1.9 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 412 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,462 K."
"30 Cygni 30 Cygni is a class A5III (white giant) star in the constellation Cygnus. Its apparent magnitude is 4.83 and it is approximately 610 light years away based on parallax. The Bayer letter ο (omicron) has been variously applied to two or three of the stars 30, 31, and 32 Cygni. 30 Cygni has sometimes been designated as ο Cygni with the other two stars being ο and ο respectively. For clarity, it is preferred to use the Flamsteed designation 30 Cygni rather than one of the Bayer designations. 30 Cygni is about six arc-minutes from 31 Cygni A"
"Omega2 Cygni Omega Cygni, Latinized from ω Cygni, is the Bayer designation for a solitary star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.5, which is faintly visible to the naked eye on a dark night. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 8.17 mas, it is located roughly 399 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.08 due to interstellar dust. This is a red giant star on the asymptotic giant branch, with a stellar classification of M2 III. It is a"
"wavelengths from U band to the 60 micron microwave flux gives an even lower luminosity of . KY Cygni is a variable star with a large amplitude but no clear periodicity. At times it varies rapidly, at others it is fairly constant for long periods. The photographic magnitude range is given as 13.5 - 15.5, while a visual range is 10.60 - 11.74. KY Cygni KY Cygni is a red supergiant of spectral class M3.5Ia located in the constellation Cygnus. It is one of the largest and most luminous stars, with a luminosity about 300,000 or more times that of"
"Canopus Canopus (), also designated Alpha Carinae (α Carinae, abbreviated Alpha Car, α Car), is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina, and the second-brightest star in the night sky, after Sirius. Canopus's visual magnitude is −0.74, and it has an absolute magnitude of −5.71. Canopus is a bright giant of spectral type A9, so it is essentially white when seen with the naked eye. It is located in the far southern sky, at a year 2000 declination of and a right ascension of . Its name is generally considered to originate from the mythological Canopus, who was"
"held by Polaris which is just 0.5° off of the precessional path. Both δ Cygni A and B have been suspected to vary in brightness. δ Cygni A was reported in 1951 as varying between magnitudes 2.85 and 2.89, and δ Cygni B was reported in 1837 to vary between magnitudes 6.3 and 8.5. The variability of the stars has not been confirmed. Delta Cygni Delta Cygni (δ Cygni, abbreviated Delta Cyg, δ Cyg) is a binary star of a combined third-magnitude in the constellation of Cygnus. It is also part of the Northern Cross asterism whose brightest star is"
"BI Cygni BI Cygni (BI Cyg, IRC +40408, BD+36 4025) is a red supergiant in the constellation Cygnus. It is an irregular variable star with a maximum brightness of magnitude 8.4 and a minimum of magnitude 9.9. It has a current mass of . It is considered a member of the stellar Cygnus OB1 association, its distance is 1,580 parsecs (5,150 light-years) of the Solar System. It is less than a degree south of another variable red supergiant, BC Cygni. BI Cyg is a slow irregular variable star classified as type Lc, an irregular supergiant. Its brightness changes between extremes"
"CH Cygni CH Cygni (CH Cyg / HIP 95413 / BD +49 2999) is a red giant, variable, symbiotic binary in the constellation Cygnus. It is the nearest symbiotic star to Earth, and one of the brightest, making it an ideal candidate for study. CH Cygni has a mass of and a radius of . Its white-dwarf companion has a mass of , and the orbital period of the two stars is 5689 days. CH Cygni is classified as M7IIIab + Be. The earliest observations of CH Cygni were made in 1890 by Pickering and Wendel using wedge photometer, and"
"Its traditional name means ""breast"" and refers to its position in the constellation. Delta Cygni (the proper name is Fawaris) is another bright binary star in Cygnus, 171 light-years with a period of 800 years. The primary is a blue-white hued giant star of magnitude 2.9, and the secondary is a star of magnitude 6.6. The two components are divisible in a medium-sized amateur telescope. The fifth star in Cygnus above magnitude 3 is Aljanah, designated Epsilon Cygni. It is an orange-hued giant star of magnitude 2.5, 72 light-years from Earth. There are several other dimmer double and binary stars"
"Gamma Cygni Gamma Cygni (γ Cygni, abbreviated Gamma Cyg, γ Cyg), also named Sadr, is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus, forming the intersection of an asterism of five stars called the Northern Cross. Based upon parallax measurements obtained during the Hipparcos mission, it is approximately 1,800 light-years (560 parsecs) from the Sun. It forms the primary or 'A' component of a multiple star system designated WDS J20222+4015 (the secondary or 'BC' component is CCDM J20222+4015BC, a close pair of stars 40"" away from γ Cygni). ""γ Cygni"" (Latinised to ""Gamma Cygni"") is the star's Bayer designation. WDS"
"Epsilon Cygni Epsilon Cygni (ε Cygni, abbreviated Epsilon Cyg, ε Cyg) is multiple star system in the constellation of Cygnus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 2.48, it is readily visible to the naked eye at night as one of the brighter members of Cygnus. Based upon parallax measurement, Epsilon Cygni is about 73 light-years from the Sun. The system has three constituents: a spectroscopic binary (designated Epsilon Cygni A); an optical companion (B) and a single star (C). A's two components are themselves designated Epsilon Cygni Aa (also named Aljanah) and Ab. ""ε Cygni"" (Latinised to ""Epsilon Cygni"") is"
"Eta Cygni Eta Cygni (η Cygni) is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.889. The star lies along the main body of the constellation, about midway between Gamma Cygni and Albireo. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 24.17 mas, it is located 135 light years from the Sun. At an age of about 3.3 billion years, this is an evolved red clump giant star with a stellar classification of K0 III. It is presently on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through the"
"studying the association which he called VI Cygni. Cygnus OB2 Cygnus OB2 is an OB association that is home to some of the most massive and most luminous stars known, including suspected Luminous blue variable Cyg OB2 #12. It also includes one of the largest known stars, NML Cygni. The region is embedded within a wider one of star formation known as Cygnus X, which is one of the most luminous objects in the sky at radio wavelengths. The region is approximately 1,400 parsecs from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. The young cluster is one of the largest known"
"Zeta Cygni Zeta Cygni (ζ Cyg) is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Cygnus, the swan. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.26 and, based upon parallax measurements, is about away. The primary component, ζ Cyg A is a giant star with a spectral type of G8 IIIp. Its most likely status is as a red clump giant, an evolved star that has begun core helium fusion. It has around three times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to about 15 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 112 times the brightness of the"
"Pi1 Cygni Pi¹ Cygni (π¹ Cygni, abbreviated Pi¹ Cyg, π¹ Cyg) is a binary star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It is visible to the naked eye, having a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.66. The distance to this system can be roughly gauged by its annual parallax shift of 1.89 mas, which yields a separation of around 1,700 light years from the Sun, give or take a hundred light years. The two components are designated Pi¹ Cygni A (also named Azelfafage) and B. ""π¹ Cygni"" (Latinised to ""Pi¹ Cygni"") is the star's Bayer designation. The designations of the"
"Kappa Cygni Kappa Cygni, Latinized from κ Cygni, is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.8, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. In the constellation, it forms the tip of Cygnus the swan's left wing. The radiant of the minor Kappa Cygnids meteor shower is located about 5° north of this star. Examination of this star's spectrum show it to match a stellar classification of G9 III, with the 'III' luminosity class revealing that it has consumed the hydrogen fuel at its core and expanded into"
"8 Cygni 8 Cygni is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. Based upon its parallax of 3.79 mas, it is approximately 860 light-years (260 parsecs) away from Earth. Its apparent magnitude is about 4.7, making it faintly visible to the naked eye. 8 Cygni is a bluish-white subgiant star, as indicated by its spectral type of B3IV. Therefore, its surface temperature of 16,100 K fits into the normal range of B-type stars: 11,000 to 25,000 K. 8 Cygni is about twice as hot as that of the Sun, and it is larger and many times brighter in comparison."
"8 Cygni 8 Cygni is a star in the northern constellation of Cygnus. Based upon its parallax of 3.79 mas, it is approximately 860 light-years (260 parsecs) away from Earth. Its apparent magnitude is about 4.7, making it faintly visible to the naked eye. 8 Cygni is a bluish-white subgiant star, as indicated by its spectral type of B3IV. Therefore, its surface temperature of 16,100 K fits into the normal range of B-type stars: 11,000 to 25,000 K. 8 Cygni is about twice as hot as that of the Sun, and it is larger and many times brighter in comparison."
"Cygnus OB2-12 Cygnus OB2 #12 is an extremely bright blue hypergiant with an absolute bolometric magnitude (all electromagnetic radiation) of −10.9, among the most luminous stars known in the galaxy. This makes the star nearly two million times more luminous than the Sun, although less than half the estimates when the star was first discovered. It is now known to be a binary, with the companion approximately a tenth as bright. A very approximate initial estimate of the orbit gives the total system mass as and the period as 30 years. It is a member of the Cyg OB2 Association,"