KOH is the formula for which chemical compound?
"Potassium hydroxide Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash. Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), this colorless solid is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which exploit its corrosive nature and its reactivity toward acids. An estimated 700,000 to 800,000 tonnes were produced in 2005. About 100 times more NaOH than KOH is produced annually. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals. It is a white, solid that is dangerously corrosive. Most commercial samples"
"Dodecahydroxycyclohexane Dodecahydroxycyclohexane is an organic compound with molecular formula COH or C(OH). It is a sixfold geminal diol with a cyclohexane backbone and can be regarded as a sixfold hydrate of cyclohexanehexone (CO). The dihydrate COH·2HO can be crystallized from methanol as colorless plates or prisms, that decompose at about 100 C. This compound was synthetized by J. Lerch in 1862 by oxidation of benzenehexol C(OH) or tetrahydroxy-""p""-benzoquinone C(OH)O and characterized by R. Nietzki and others in 1885, although the product was for a long time assumed to be hexaketocyclohexane with water of crystallization (CO·8HO). Indeed, this product is still"
"hydroxide. It is deliquescent and will absorb water from the atmosphere, initiating this vigorous reaction. The chemical formula KO (or simply 'K') is used in several industrial contexts: the N-P-K numbers for fertilizers, in cement formulas, and in glassmaking formulas. Potassium oxide is often not used directly in these products, but the amount of potassium is reported in terms of the KO equivalent for whatever type of potash was used, such as potassium carbonate. For example, potassium oxide is about 83% potassium by weight, while potassium chloride is only 52%. Potassium chloride provides less potassium than an equal amount of"
"(between and in size). At room temperature, the groups are ordered and the environment about the centers is distorted, with distances ranging from 2.69 to 3.15 Å, depending on the orientation of the OH group. KOH forms a series of crystalline hydrates, namely the monohydrate KOH·, the dihydrate KOH·2 and the tetrahydrate KOH·4 . Like NaOH, KOH exhibits high thermal stability. The gaseous species is dimeric. Because of its high stability and relatively low melting point, it is often melt-cast as pellets or rods, forms that have low surface area and convenient handling properties. About 121 g of KOH dissolve"
"Tetrarhodium dodecacarbonyl Tetrarhodium dodecacarbonyl is the chemical compound with the formula Rh(CO). This dark-red crystalline solid is the smallest stable binary rhodium carbonyl. It is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. The structure of Rh(CO) is described by a tetrahedral array of four Rh atoms with nine terminal CO ligands and three bridging CO ligands. The structure can be expressed as Rh(CO)(µ-CO). It is prepared by treatment of an aqueous solution of rhodium trichloride with activated copper metal under an atmosphere of CO. Alternatively, the compound can be prepared by treatment of a methanolic solution of RhCl(HO) with CO"
"Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone Tetrahydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone, also called tetrahydroxy-""p""-benzoquinone, tetrahydroxybenzoquinone, or tetrahydroxyquinone (THBQ, THQ), is an organic compound with formula CO(OH). Its molecular structure consists of a cyclohexadiene ring with four hydroxyl groups and two ketone groups in opposite (""para"") positions. The compound gives a light red solution in water, and crystallizes as the glistening bluish-black (but non-conducting) dihydrate CO(OH)·2HO. The compound can be synthesized from glyoxal or from ""myo""-inositol (phytic acid), a natural compound widely present in plants. THBQ forms an adduct with 4,4'-bipyridine in the 2:3 ratio. Like most phenols, THBQ is acidic and easily loses the four H ions from the"
"and hydroformylation. Hexadecacarbonylhexarhodium Hexadecacarbonylhexarhodium is a metal carbonyl cluster with the formula Rh(CO). It exists as black crystals that are soluble in organic solvents. Rh(CO) was first prepared by Heiber in 1943 by carbonylation of RhCl·3HO at 80-230 °C and 200 atm carbon monoxide with silver or copper as a halide acceptor, and was incorrectly formulated as Rh(CO). Subsequently, the carbonylation of a mixture of anhydrous rhodium trichloride and iron pentacarbonyl was shown to give good yields of Rh(CO). Other compounds of rhodium are also effective precursors such as [(CO)Rh(μ-Cl)] and rhodium(II) acetate: Rh(CO) catalyzes a number of organic reactions"
"Cobalt(II) nitrate Cobalt Nitrate is the Inorganic compound with the formula Co(NO3)xHO. It is cobalt(II) salt. The most common form is the hexahydrate Co(NO)·6HO, which is a red-brown deliquescent salt that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. As well as the anhydrous compound Co(NO), several hydrates of cobalt(II) nitrate exist. These hydrates have the chemical formula Co(NO)·""n""HO, where ""n"" = 0, 2, 4, 6. Anhydrous cobalt(II) nitrate adopts a three-dimensional polymeric network structure, with each cobalt(II) atom approximately octahedrally coordinated by six oxygen atoms, each from a different nitrate ion. Each nitrate ion coordinates to three cobalts. The"
"to convert to Ru(CO). Tetrarhodium dodecacarbonyl Tetrarhodium dodecacarbonyl is the chemical compound with the formula Rh(CO). This dark-red crystalline solid is the smallest stable binary rhodium carbonyl. It is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. The structure of Rh(CO) is described by a tetrahedral array of four Rh atoms with nine terminal CO ligands and three bridging CO ligands. The structure can be expressed as Rh(CO)(µ-CO). It is prepared by treatment of an aqueous solution of rhodium trichloride with activated copper metal under an atmosphere of CO. Alternatively, the compound can be prepared by treatment of a methanolic solution"
"or one of its oxides, hydroxides, or carbonate with nitric acid: Cobalt(II) nitrate Cobalt Nitrate is the Inorganic compound with the formula Co(NO3)xHO. It is cobalt(II) salt. The most common form is the hexahydrate Co(NO)·6HO, which is a red-brown deliquescent salt that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. As well as the anhydrous compound Co(NO), several hydrates of cobalt(II) nitrate exist. These hydrates have the chemical formula Co(NO)·""n""HO, where ""n"" = 0, 2, 4, 6. Anhydrous cobalt(II) nitrate adopts a three-dimensional polymeric network structure, with each cobalt(II) atom approximately octahedrally coordinated by six oxygen atoms, each from a"
"Hexadecacarbonylhexarhodium Hexadecacarbonylhexarhodium is a metal carbonyl cluster with the formula Rh(CO). It exists as black crystals that are soluble in organic solvents. Rh(CO) was first prepared by Heiber in 1943 by carbonylation of RhCl·3HO at 80-230 °C and 200 atm carbon monoxide with silver or copper as a halide acceptor, and was incorrectly formulated as Rh(CO). Subsequently, the carbonylation of a mixture of anhydrous rhodium trichloride and iron pentacarbonyl was shown to give good yields of Rh(CO). Other compounds of rhodium are also effective precursors such as [(CO)Rh(μ-Cl)] and rhodium(II) acetate: Rh(CO) catalyzes a number of organic reactions including hydrogenation"
"Rhodizonic acid Rhodizonic acid is a chemical compound with formula CHO or (CO)(COH). It can be seen as a two-fold enol and four-fold ketone of cyclohexene, more precisely 5,6-dihydroxycyclohex-5-ene-1,2,3,4-tetrone. Rhodizonic acid is usually obtained in the form of a ""dihydrate"" CHO·2HO. The latter is actually 2,3,5,5,6,6-hexahydroxycyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione, where two of the original ketone groups are replaced by two pairs of geminal diols. The orange to deep-red and highly hygroscopic anhydrous acid can be obtained by low-pressure sublimation of the dihydrate. Like many other enols, rhodizonic acid can lose the hydrogen cations H from the hydroxyls (pK = 4.378 ± 0.009, pK"
"Cobalt(II,III) oxide Cobalt(II,III) oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula CoO. It is one of two well characterized cobalt oxides. It is a black antiferromagnetic solid. As a mixed valence compound, its formula is sometimes written as CoCoO and sometimes as CoO•CoO. CoO adopts the normal spinel structure, with Co ions in tetrahedral interstices and Co ions in the octahedral interstices of the cubic close-packed lattice of oxide anions. Cobalt(II) oxide, CoO, converts to CoO upon heating at around 600-700 °C in air. Above 900 °C, CoO is stable. These reaction are described by the following equilibrium: Cobalt(II,III) oxide"
"Cobalt(II) fluoride Cobalt(II) fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula (CoF). It is a pink crystalline solid compound which is antiferromagnetic at low temperatures (T=37.7 K) The formula is given for both the red tetragonal crystal, (CoF), and the tetrahydrate red orthogonal crystal, (CoF·4HO). CoF is used in oxygen-sensitive fields, namely metal production. In low concentrations, it has public health uses. CoF is sparingly soluble in water. The compound can be dissolved in warm mineral acid, and will decompose in boiling water. Yet the hydrate is water-soluble, especially the di-hydrate CoF·2H O and tri-hydrate CoF·3HO forms of the compound."
"bipyrimidal structure with the equatorial CO ligands slightly bent out of the equatorial plane. The hydride ligand occupies one of the axial positions, thus the symmetry of the molecule is ""C"". The Co–CO and Co–H bond distances were determined by gas-phase electron diffraction to be 1.764 and 1.556 Å, respectively. Assuming the presence of a formal hydride ion, the oxidation state of cobalt in this compound is +1. Unlike some other transition-metal hydrides complexes, HCo(CO) is highly acidic, with a p""K"" of 8.5. It readily undergoes substitution by tertiary phosphines and other Lewis-bases. For example, triphenylphosphine gives HCo(CO)PPh and HCo(CO)(PPh)."
"2,100 K. Using computational chemistry many other polyhydrides are predicted, including LiH, LiH, LiH, CsH, KH RbH, RbH, NaH, BaH, CaH, MgH, MgH, MgH, SrH, SrH, SrH, SrH, ScH, ScH, ScH, YH and YH, YH, LaH, LaH, YH, LaH, CeH, CeH, CeH, PrH, PrH, ThH, ThH and ThH, UH, UH, UH, UH, AlH, GaH, InH, SnH, SnH, SnH, PbH, SiH (subsequently discovered), GeH, (although GeH may be stable instead) AsH, SbH, BiH, BiH, BiH, HSe, HS, TeH, TeH, PoH, PoH, HF, HF, HCl, HCl, HCl, HCl, HBr, HBr, HBr, HBr, HI, XeH, XeH. Among the transition elements, VH in a"
"Number 13595-83-0). Some compounds have been fully characterised with single crystal studies and found to contain the octahedral [BiO(OH)] cation. There is indirect evidence that either the octahedral cation BiO(OH) or the octahedral cation Bi(OH) is present in aqueous solution following the polymerisation of Bi(HO), the Bi ion present in acidic solutions. The ion BiO(OH) is found in the perchlorate compound BiO(OH)ClO·7HO and is isoelectronic with the octahedral SnO(OH) cluster found in the hydrate of tin(II) oxide, 3SnO·HO. The compounds that contain this are:- The compound BiO(OH)(NO).3HO(equivalent to 6BiO.5NO.9HO) also contains the octahedral units but this time they are joined"
"Molybdenum hexacarbonyl Molybdenum hexacarbonyl (also called molybdenum carbonyl) is the chemical compound with the formula Mo(CO). This colorless solid, like its chromium and tungsten analogues, is noteworthy as a volatile, air-stable derivative of a metal in its zero oxidation state. Mo(CO) adopts an octahedral geometry consisting of six rod-like CO ligands radiating from the central Mo atom. A recurring minor debate in some chemical circles concerns the definition of an ""organometallic"" compound. Usually, organometallic indicates the presence of a metal directly bonded via a M–C bond to an organic fragment, which must in turn have a C–H bond. By this"
"Tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl hydride Tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl hydride [Carbonyl(hydrido)tris(triphenylphosphane)rhodium(I)] is an organorhodium compound with the formula [RhH(CO)(PPh)] (Ph = CH). It is a yellow, benzene-soluble solid, which is used industrially for hydroformylation. [RhH(CO)(PPh)] was first prepared by the reduction of [RhCl(CO)(PPh)], e.g. with sodium tetrahydroborate, or triethylamine and hydrogen, in ethanol in the presence of excess triphenylphosphine: It can also be prepared from an aldehyde, rhodium trichloride and triphenylphosphine in basic alcoholic media. The complex adopts a trigonal bipyramidal geometry with trans CO and hydrido ligands, resulting in ""pseudo""-C symmetry. The Rh-P, Rh-C, and Rh-H distances are 2.32, 1.83, and 1.60 Å,"
"Diethylhydroxylamine Diethylhydroxylamine (DEHA) is an organic compound with the formula (CH)NOH. It is a colorless liquid, although it is usually encountered as a solution. It is mainly used as an oxygen scavenger in water treatment. It is a volatile oxygen scavenger and reacts in a ratio of 2.8/1 DEHA/O. It is employed in high pressure (>70 bar) boiler systems due to a very low rate of reaction at low temperatures and pressures. Due to its volatility, it acts as an oxygen scavenger throughout the entire boiler system due to steam carryover. DEHA also reacts with ferrous metals to form a"
"Chromium hexacarbonyl Chromium carbonyl, also known as chromium hexacarbonyl, is the chemical compound with the formula Cr(CO). At room temperature the solid is stable to air, although it does have a high vapor pressure and sublimes readily. Cr(CO) is zerovalent, meaning that Cr has an oxidation state of zero, and it is a homoleptic complex, which means that all the ligands are identical. The complex is octahedral with Cr–C and C–O distances of 1.91 and 1.14 Å, respectively. When heated or photolyzed in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution, Cr(CO) converts to Cr(CO)(THF) with loss of one CO ligand. Similarly, heating a solution"
"Alloxan Alloxan, sometimes referred to as ""alloxan hydrate"", refers to the organic compound with the formula OC(N(H)CO)C(OH). It is classified as a derivative of pyrimidine. The anhydrous derivative (OC(N(H)CO)CO is also known as well as a dimeric derivative. These are some of the earliest known organic compounds. They also exhibit a variety of biological activities. The compound was discovered by Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler. It is one of the oldest named organic compounds. It was originally prepared in 1818 by Brugnatelli (1761-1818) and was named in 1838 by Wöhler and Liebig. The name ""Alloxan"" emerged from an amalgamation"
"variety of related complexes such as Cr(H)(CO) and [Fe(H)(H)(dppe)]. Kubas et al.'s findings also led to a reevaluation of previously described compounds. For example, the complex ""RuH(PPh)"" described in 1968 was reformulated as a dihydrogen complex. Dihydrogen complex Dihydrogen complexes are coordination complexes containing intact H as a ligand. The prototypical complex is W(CO)(PCy)(H). This class of compounds represent intermediates in metal-catalyzed reactions involving hydrogen. Hundreds of dihydrogen complexes have been reported. Most examples are cationic transition metals complexes with octahedral geometry. Upon complexation, the H−H bond is extended to 0.81–0.82 Å as indicated by neutron diffraction, about a 10%"
"both inorganic and organic materials. Aqueous KOH saponifies esters: When R is a long chain, the product is called a potassium soap. This reaction is manifested by the ""greasy"" feel that KOH gives when touched — fats on the skin are rapidly converted to soap and glycerol. Molten KOH is used to displace halides and other leaving groups. The reaction is especially useful for aromatic reagents to give the corresponding phenols. Complementary to its reactivity toward acids, KOH attacks oxides. Thus, SiO is attacked by KOH to give soluble potassium silicates. KOH reacts with carbon dioxide to give bicarbonate: Historically,"
"Phenol Phenol is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula CHOH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. The molecule consists of a phenyl group (−CH) bonded to a hydroxy group (−OH). It is mildly acidic and requires careful handling due to its propensity to cause chemical burns. Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 billion kg/year) from petroleum. It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds. It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials. Phenol and its"
"Dicarboxylic acid A dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl functional groups (−COOH). The general molecular formula for dicarboxylic acids can be written as HOC−R−COH, where R can be aliphatic or aromatic. In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are also used in the preparation of copolymers such as polyamides and polyesters. The most widely used dicarboxylic acid in the industry is adipic acid, which is a precursor used in the production of nylon. Other examples of dicarboxylic acids include aspartic acid and glutamic acid, two amino acids in the"
"W(CO) is a dangerous source of volatile metal as well as CO. Tungsten hexacarbonyl Tungsten hexacarbonyl (also called tungsten carbonyl) is the chemical compound with the formula W(CO). This complex gave rise to the first example of a dihydrogen complex. This colorless compound, like its chromium and molybdenum analogs, is noteworthy as a volatile, air-stable derivative of tungsten in its zero oxidation state. W(CO) is prepared by the reduction of WCl under a pressure of carbon monoxide. The compound is relatively air-stable. It is sparingly soluble in nonpolar organic solvents. Tungsten carbonyl is widely used in electron beam-induced deposition technique"
"reaction of very electropositive metals (Na, K, Rb, Cs, etc.) with oxygen; these species contain oxygen-oxygen bonds. All potassium-oxygen binary compounds are known to react with water violently, forming potassium hydroxide. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a very strong alkali, and up to 1.21 kg of it can dissolve in merely one liter of water. KOH reacts readily with carbon dioxide to produce potassium carbonate, and is used to remove traces of the gas from air. In general, potassium compounds are highly ionic and, owing to the high hydration energy of the ion, have excellent water solubility. The main species in"
"KOH was made by adding potassium carbonate to a strong solution of calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) The salt metathesis reaction results in precipitation of solid calcium carbonate, leaving potassium hydroxide in solution: Filtering off the precipitated calcium carbonate and boiling down the solution gives potassium hydroxide (""calcinated or caustic potash""). This method of producing potassium hydroxide remained dominnt until the late 19th century, when it was largely replaced by the current method of electrolysis of potassium chloride solutions. The method is analogous to the manufacture of sodium hydroxide (see chloralkali process): Hydrogen gas forms as a byproduct on the cathode;"
"Potassium superoxide Potassium superoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula KO. It is a yellow paramagnetic solid that decomposes in moist air. It is a rare example of a stable salt of the superoxide anion. Potassium superoxide is used as a scrubber, dehumidifier and generator in rebreathers, spacecraft, submarines and spacesuit life support systems. Potassium superoxide is produced by burning molten potassium in an atmosphere of oxygen. The salt consists of and ions, linked by ionic bonding. The O−O distance is 1.28 Å. Hydrolysis gives oxygen gas, hydrogen peroxide and potassium hydroxide: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) absorbing carbon dioxide produces"
"in 100 mL water at room temperature, which contrasts with 100 g/100 mL for NaOH. Thus on a molar basis, KOH is slightly less soluble than NaOH. Lower molecular-weight alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and propanols are also excellent solvents.They participate in an acid-base equilibria. In the case of methanol the potassium methoxide (methylate) forms: Because of its high affinity for water, KOH serves as a desiccant in the laboratory. It is often used to dry basic solvents, especially amines and pyridines. KOH, like NaOH, serves as a source of , a highly nucleophilic anion that attacks polar bonds in"
"Sodium hydride Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula NaH. This alkali metal hydride is primarily used as a strong, yet combustible base in organic synthesis. NaH is representative of the saline hydrides, meaning it is a salt-like hydride, composed of Na and H ions, in contrast to the more molecular hydrides such as borane, methane, ammonia and water. It is an ionic material that is insoluble in organic solvents (although soluble in molten Na), consistent with the fact that H remains an unknown anion in solution. Because of the insolubility of NaH, all reactions involving NaH"
"Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanol is the organic compound with the formula HOCH(CH). The molecule is related to cyclohexane ring by replacement of one hydrogen atom by a hydroxyl group. This compound exists as a deliquescent colorless solid with a camphor-like odor, which, when very pure, melts near room temperature. Billions of kilograms are produced annually, mainly as a precursor to nylon. Cyclohexanol is produced by the oxidation of cyclohexane in air, typically using cobalt catalysts: This process co-forms cyclohexanone, and this mixture (""KA oil"" for ketone-alcohol oil) is the main feedstock for the production of adipic acid. The oxidation involves radicals and"