Which pre Euro German coin was one hundredth of a mark?
"Pfennig The pfennig (; pfennigs or ; symbol Pf. or ₰) or penny is a former German coin or note, which was official currency from the 9th century until the introduction of the euro in 2002. While a valuable coin during the Middle Ages, it lost its value through the years and was the minor coin of the Mark currencies in the German Reich, West and East Germany, and the reunified Germany until the introduction of the euro. Pfennig was also the name of the subunit of the Danzig mark (1922–1923) and the Danzig gulden (1923–1939) in the Free City"
"1.95583 = €1. One Deutsche Mark was divided into 100 Pfennige. A mark had been the currency of Germany since its original unification in 1871. Before that time, the different German states issued a variety of different currencies, though most were linked to the Vereinsthaler, a silver coin containing grams of pure silver. Although the mark was based on gold rather than silver, a fixed exchange rate between the Vereinsthaler and the mark of 3 marks = 1 Vereinsthaler was used for the conversion. The first mark, known as the Goldmark, was introduced in 1873. With the outbreak of World"
"coins containing traces of silver are rarities minted in 1805. The Mark gold currency, introduced in 1871 (with minting of the 20 Mark gold coin) as currency of the newly founded German Reich, was divided as 1 Mark = 100 Pfennig. This partition was retained through all German currencies until 2001. The last West German one- and two-pfennig coins were steel with a copper coating. The five- and ten-pfennig coins were steel with a brass coating. The latter was called a Groschen, while the five-pfennig coin, half a groschen, was regionally (east of the river Elbe) also referred to as"
"(). It was a face-value coin whose mint price was defined as 24 guilders per Mark of silver since the Munich Coin Treaty of 1837. Therefore, one guilder contained 9.545oz of pure silver. The coins minted in Frankfurt featured the Eagle of Frankfurt on the one side and the label ""1 Gulden"" () with the year, surrounded by oak, on the other side. There were special issues, e.g. for Goethe's 100th birthday in 1849. On the edge of the coin, the text city's motto “Stark im Recht” was engraved. The Guilder was subdivided into 60 Kreuzers. There were secondary coins"
"to differentiate them. Many machines simply had the pound slot disabled with a riveted plate. Many coin-operated machines in Germany would accept the 1992, 1993 and 1995 stampings of the cupronickel Estonian 1 kroon coin as a German 1 mark coin. This was profitable for users of the Estonian coins as the kroon was pegged to the mark at a fixed rate of 8:1. All cupronickel 1 kroon coins were demonetized in May 1998 and the replacement aluminium-bronze Estonian 1 kroon coin was not interchangeable with the German mark in coin-operated machines. The use of 100-won coins for the slug"
"its currency, the Saar franc, which was in a currency union at par with the French franc. On July 9, 1959 the Deutsche Mark replaced the Saar franc at a ratio of 100 francs = DM 0.8507. The Deutsche Mark played an important role in the reunification of Germany. It was introduced as the official currency of East Germany in July 1990, replacing the East German mark (""Mark der DDR""), in preparation for unification on 3 October 1990. East German marks were exchanged for German marks at a rate of 1:1 for the first 4000 marks and 2:1 for larger"
"20-, 50- and 100-Mark notes. The victor nations in World War I decided to assess Germany for their costs of conducting the war against Germany. With no means of paying in gold or currency backed by reserves, Germany ran the presses, causing the value of the Mark to collapse. Between 1914 and the end of 1923 the German papiermark’s rate of exchange against the U.S. dollar plummeted from 4.2 mark/dollar to 4.2 trillion mark/dollar. The price of one gold mark (0.35842g gold weight) in German paper currency at the end of 1918 was two paper mark, but by the end"
"German gold mark The Goldmark (; officially just ""Mark"", sign: ℳ) was the currency used in the German Empire from 1873 to 1914. The Papiermark refers to the German currency from 4 August 1914 when the link between the Mark and gold was abandoned. Before unification, the different German states issued a variety of different currencies, though most were linked to the , a silver coin containing grams of pure silver. Although the mark was based on gold rather than silver, a fixed exchange rate between the and the mark of 3 marks = 1 was used for the conversion."
"small design had its ship and text printed with extra heavy black outlines, while the larger design was printed with contrasting colors like red and green. Most of the stamps were denominated in German currency (1 Mark = 100 Pfennig), although German East Africa used its own currency, the Rupie (1 Rupie = 64 Pesa and, from 1905, 1 Rupie = 100 Heller). The leased port of Kiatschou used the Chinese Dollar ($1 = 100 Cents) as its currency after 1905. The larger, more broadside, and more expensive version was printed in values of 1, 2 3, or 5 marks."
"East German mark The East German mark (German: ), commonly called the eastern mark in West Germany and after the reunification), in East Germany only ""Mark"", was the currency of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). Its ISO 4217 currency code was DDM. The currency was known officially as the ""Deutsche Mark"" from 1948 to 1964, ""Mark der Deutschen Notenbank"" from 1964 to 1967, and from 1968 to 1990 as the ""Mark der DDR"" (Mark of the GDR). It was divided into 100 Pfennig (Pf). On 18 June 1948 a currency reform was announced for the western zones. Subsequently, on"
"the ""Sechser"" (), deriving from the former duodecimal division of the groschen. All four coins had their value imprinted on the obverse and an oak on the reverse. The coins of the Mark der DDR were made of aluminium, except for the 20 pfennigs coin, which was made of an aluminium copper alloy. After the introduction of the euro, some, mainly older, Germans tend to use the term pfennig instead of cent for the copper-coloured coins (and the term Groschen for the 10-cents-coin). The pfennig ligature is defined and coded in Unicode as follows: Pfennig The pfennig (; pfennigs or"
"Reichsmark The Reichsmark (; sign: ℛℳ) was the currency in Germany from 1924 until 20 June 1948 in West Germany, where it was replaced with the Deutsche Mark, and until 23 June in East Germany when it was replaced by the East German mark. The Reichsmark was subdivided into 100 ""Reichspfennig"". The Mark is an ancient Germanic weight measure, traditionally a half pound, later used for several coins; whereas ""Reich"", that is ""realm"" in English, comes from the official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945, Deutsches Reich. The Reichsmark was introduced in 1924 as a permanent"
"Germany was reunified in 1990. The German mark was replaced by the euro, first as an accounting currency on 1 January 1999, at a conversion rate of 1.95583 marks per euro. Thereafter, the mark-denominated notes and coins represented the euro at that conversion rate, and remained legal tender until 1 January 2002, when they were replaced by euro notes and coins. Germany mints its own German euro coins, but all euro coins are legal tender throughout the Eurozone. The remaining Convertible mark of Bosnia-Herzegovina is a currency that officially replaced the German mark as de facto currency of the ruptured"
"economy and hyper-inflation of local divided currencies after the Bosnian war, pegged to the German mark 1:1 at the time, and further pegged to Euro at the rate at which German mark was replaced, i.e. 1 EUR = 1.95583 BAM. Mark (currency) The mark was a currency or unit of account in many nations. It is named for the mark unit of weight. The word ""mark"" comes from a merging of three Teutonic/Germanic words, Latinised in 9th-century post-classical Latin as ', ', ' or '. It was a measure of weight mainly for gold and silver, commonly used throughout Western"
"compared to other currencies, as in its 53-year history, the purchasing power of the German mark was reduced by over 70%. The first Deutsche Mark coins were issued by the Bank deutscher Länder in 1948 and 1949. From 1950, the inscription ""Bundesrepublik Deutschland"" (Federal Republic of Germany) appeared on the coins. These coins were issued in denominations of 1, 2, 5, and 10 pfennigs. The 1- and 2-pfennig coins were struck in bronze clad steel (although during some years the 2 pfennigs was issued in solid bronze) while 5 and 10 pfennigs were brass clad steel. In 1950, cupronickel 50-pfennig"
"was also used as a unit of currency, e.g. in the 1087 poem ""The Rime of King William"" (""marks of gold""), in many Shakespearean plays set in medieval England, and in various incarnations in Germany and Finland until the adoption of the euro in 1999. Mark (unit) The Mark (from Middle High German: Marc, march, brand) is originally a medieval weight or mass unit, which supplanted the pound weight as a precious metals and coinage weight from the 11th century. The Mark is traditionally a half pound weight and was usually divided into 8 ounces or 16 Lot. The significance"
"its portrait of Benjamin Franklin, while a Canadian might refer to it as a ""Borden"", after its portrait of Robert Borden. Since its introduction in 1999, a number of slang terms for the euro have emerged, though differences between languages mean that they are not common across the whole of the eurozone. Some terms are inherited from the legacy currencies, such as ""quid"" from the Irish pound and various translations of ""fiver"" or ""tenner"" being used for notes. The German ""Teuro"" is a play on the word ""teuer"", meaning 'expensive'. The Deutsche Mark by comparison was approximately worth half as"
"1990 (the currency union with East Germany) and July 1, 1991, East German coins in denominations up to 50 pfennigs continued to circulate as Deutsche Mark coins at their face value, owing to a temporary shortage of small coins. These coins were legal tender only in the territory of the former East Germany. In colloquial German the 10-pfennig coin was sometimes called a ""groschen"" (cf. groat). Likewise, ""sechser"" (sixer) could refer to a coin of 5 pfennigs. Both colloquialisms refer to several pre-1871 currencies of the previously independent states (notably Prussia), where a groschen was subdivided into 12 pfennigs, hence"
"Deutsche Mark The Deutsche Mark (, ""German mark""), abbreviated ""DM"" or , was the official currency of West Germany from 1948 until 1990 and later the unified Germany from 1990 until 2002. It was first issued under Allied occupation in 1948 to replace the Reichsmark, and served as the Federal Republic of Germany's official currency from its founding the following year until the adoption of the euro. In English it is commonly called the ""Deutschmark"" (); this expression is unknown in Germany. The Germans usually called it ""D-Mark"" when referring to the currency, and ""Mark"" when talking about individual sums."
"The Deutsche Mark was worth half as much as the euro (a ratio of approximately 2:1) and some grocers and restaurants were accused of taking advantage of the smaller numbers to increase their actual prices with the changeover. In youth and Internet culture the fake plural ""Euronen"" is sometimes used; this form's origin is unknown but it bears resemblance to ""Dublonen"" (Dubloons) and has a retro ring to it. Also, ""Öre"" is occasionally used, the name of the Swedish currency. Among some punks, the word ""Oi"", as in the punk rock subgenre of Oi!, is used. Unlike the previous currencies"
"Vereinsthaler The Vereinsthaler (, ""union thaler"") was a standard silver coin used in most German states and the Austrian Empire in the years before German unification. The Vereinsthaler was introduced in 1857 to replace the previous standard Thaler (based on the Prussian Thaler) which was very slightly heavier. While the earlier Thaler had contained one fourteenth of a Cologne mark of silver (16.704 grams), the Vereinsthaler contained grams of silver, which was indicated on the coins as one thirtieth of a metric pound (pfund, equal to 500 grams). The Vereinsthaler was used as the base for several different currencies. In"
"and 1-mark coins were released, while a cupronickel 2 marks and a .625 silver 5 marks were released in 1951. Cupronickel replaced silver in the 5 marks in 1975. The 2- and 5-mark coins have often been used for commemorative themes, though typically only the generic design for the 5 marks is intended for circulation. Commemorative silver 10-mark coins have also been issued which have periodically found their way into circulation. Unlike other European countries, Germany retained the use of the smallest coins (1 and 2 pfennigs) until adoption of the euro. The weights and dimensions of the coins can"
"a change of monetary system in 1899 - from 60 kreuzer to the gulden to 100 heller to the krone. 1899 also saw the appearance of varnish bars, as diagonal shiny yellowish strips applied to the stamp paper before printing, intended to prevent cleaning and reuse of stamps. The experiment was abandoned with the 1908 issue. In 1908, Austria issued a series of large pictorial stamps, designed by Koloman Moser, to commemorate the 60th year of Franz Josef's reign, depicting previous emperors, Franz Josef at various ages, Schönbrunn Palace, and the Hofburg (both in Vienna). The designs were reused in"
"borders, and chose to decimalise. One Mark, (written as ""1ℳ"" ), was subdivided into one-hundred Pfennig (written as ""100₰"" ), with the mark having an exchange equal to 35 Kreuzer, as the South German Gulden began to be withdrawn over the next three years. From 1 January 1876 the Gulden and the Kreuzer, along with all other forms of currency which existed previously in what was now the German Empire, were abolished. (The decimal Goldmark became the only legal tender, until 4 August 1914 when the link between the Mark and gold was abandoned with the outbreak of World War"
"German euro coins German euro coins have three separate designs for the three series of coins. The 1-cent, 2-cent and 5-cent coins were designed by Rolf Lederbogen, the design for the 10-cent, 20 -cent and 50-cent coins were designed by Reinhard Heinsdorff and the 1 and 2 euro coins were done by Heinz Hoyer and Sneschana Russewa-Hoyer. Featured in all designs are the 12 stars of the EU and the year of minting. In addition to the year, the German coins also feature a small letter as a mint mark indicating the particular mint that minted the coin. The letters"
"time with overprints in a number of territories. In Germany, even after the loss of the colonies, the Reichspost continued to sell yacht stamps of colonies for dealers and collectors until after World War I; such stamps, however, were not postally used. Most German colonial stamps were denominated in German Currency (1 Mark = 100 Pfennig). However, German East Africa used its own currency on stamps of 1893 and later, the Rupie (1 Rupee = 64 Pesa and from 1905 1 Rupie = 100 Heller) and the leased Chinese territory of Kiautschou used the Chinese dollar ($1 = 100 Cents)"
"with intermediate denominations such as the ""Groschen"" or ""Gutegroschen"", worth 12 Pfennig ( of a Reichsthaler), and the ""Mariengroschen"", worth 8 Pfennig ( of a Reichsthaler). In 1750, Prussia adopted a Reichsthaler (also often called the thaler) containing of a Cologne mark of silver. This standard was referred to as the ""Graumannscher Fuß"" after Johann Philipp Graumann, its originator. During the early 19th century, the smaller Prussian standard for the Reichsthaler replaced the larger standard in most of northern Germany. The Prussian standard also became part of the currency used in southern Germany following the currency union of 1837. The"
"but a half-franc coin (see Coins of the Swiss franc). Rappen A Rappen (pl. Rappen) originally was a variant of the medieval Pfennig (""penny"") common to the Alemannic German regions Alsace, Sundgau and northern Switzerland. As with other German pennies, its half-piece was a Haller, the smallest piece which was struck. Today, one-hundredth of a Swiss franc is still officially called a Rappen in German and Swiss German. In French-speaking Switzerland, the modern Swiss coins are called centime (pl. ""centimes"") and in Italian-speaking Switzerland, centesimo (pl. ""centesimi""), respectively. The origin of the term can be traced back to the ""Rappenpfennig"","
"defined as .6242 Deutsche Marks, 1.332 French francs, .08784 British pounds, 151.8 Italian Lira, .2198 Dutch Guilder, 3.431 Belgian Franc, 6.885 Spanish Peseta, .1976 Danish Krone, .00855 Irish Punt, 1.44 Greek Drachma and 1.393 Portuguese Escudo. On December 31, 1998, the Euro would officially become a currency and these exchange rates would become irrevocable and trading DeutscheMarks for Euros would be like exchanging nickels for dimes. Yet, leading up to this conversion, the demand for Euros was so incredibly high that one could buy all of the constituent currencies of the Euro for 98.25% of the value of the Euro"
"1915. 5 Mark gold coins were minted only in 1877 and 1878. Banknotes were issued by the Imperial Treasury (known as ""Reichskassenschein"") and the Reichsbank, as well as by the banks of some of the states. Imperial Treasury notes were issued in denominations of 5, 10, 20 and 50 Mark, whilst Reichsbank notes were produced in denominations of 20, 50, 100 and 1000 Mark. The notes issued after 1914 are referred to as Papiermark. In Unicode, the Mark sign is . The Pfennig is . German gold mark The Goldmark (; officially just ""Mark"", sign: ℳ) was the currency used"
"sold beginning in mid-2001 through German coin dealers on behalf of the Bundesbank. The issue price varied by dealer but averaged approximately 165 United States dollars. German coins bear a mint mark, indicating where the coin was minted. D indicates Munich, F Stuttgart, G Karlsruhe and J Hamburg. Coins minted during the Second World War include the mint marks A (Berlin) and B (Vienna). The mint mark A was also used for German mark coins minted in Berlin beginning in 1990 following the reunification of Germany. These mint marks have been continued on the German euro coins. Between July 1,"
"100 krooni The 100 krooni banknote (100 EEK) is a denomination of the Estonian kroon, the former currency of Estonia. Lydia Koidula (1843–1886), who was an Estonian poet and playwright, is featured on the front side of the banknote, which is why the 100 krooni banknote is often called a """"Koidula"""". A view of the north Estonian limestone shore is featured on the reverse side of the banknote. Before the replacement of the kroon by the euro, the 100 krooni banknote was the main everyday currency used by Estonians and was commonly dispensed by ATMs in Estonia as well as"
"and could be transferred by endorsement, and were accepted as payment. They could also be redeemed. This currency proved to be very stable. Following German unification in 1871, the country adopted the German gold mark (officially known just as the ""mark"") as its currency in 1873. The name was taken from the mark banco. Initially, the coins and banknotes of the various predecessor currencies, such as the , the , and the guilder, continued to circulate, and were treated as fixed multiples of the new unit of account, similarly to the introduction period of the euro between 1999 and 2002."