Larkspur is another name for which perennial plants?
"long, S-shaped pedicels, often arranged along one side of the stem. The sepals are deep blue to purple, one to two centimeters long, and with a spur up to 2 centimeters in length. Delphinium polycladon Delphinium polycladon is a species of larkspur known by the common name mountain marsh larkspur. It is native to the High Sierra Nevada and the White and Inyo Mountains of eastern California and far western Nevada, where it grows in wet sites in the talus. It is a perennial herb producing one or more erect stems which easily exceed a meter in height but often"
"Consolida regalis Consolida regalis, with the common names forking larkspur, rocket-larkspur, and field larkspur, is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus ""Consolida"" of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). ""Consolida regalis"" is native to: The plant is found growing on sandy or chalky soils. It is present at an altitude of above sea level. It is common in dry weedy places and roadside ditches, and in cereal crop fields. The plant has become quite rare in central and southern Europe because of the increased use of herbicides and intensive soil cultivation. This species is grown as an ornamental plant. ""Consolida"
"ingestion. Death occurs due to neuromuscular blocking effects as well as cardiotoxic effects. Delphinium scopulorum Delphinium scopulorum, commonly known as the Rocky Mountain larkspur is found dominantly in upper elevations of moist meadows. It is a non-woody plant and has a perennial duration, indicating a yearly growth. ""Scopulorum"" means ""of the mountains. ""Delphinium scopulorum"" is found in a floral region in the lower North America. It is specifically found in the states of New Mexico and Arizona. Its growth habit is forb or herb. Its Native Status is L48 (N), with a National and Regional Wetland Indicator Status of (FAC)"
"seeds ripen from June through September. All plant parts are poisonous in large doses, especially the seeds, that contain up to 1.4% of alkaloids. Consolida regalis Consolida regalis, with the common names forking larkspur, rocket-larkspur, and field larkspur, is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus ""Consolida"" of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). ""Consolida regalis"" is native to: The plant is found growing on sandy or chalky soils. It is present at an altitude of above sea level. It is common in dry weedy places and roadside ditches, and in cereal crop fields. The plant has become quite rare in"
"accelerating the invasion of weeds into the habitat. Delphinium barbeyi Delphinium barbeyi is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common names subalpine larkspur, tall larkspur, and Barbey's larkspur. It is native to the interior western United States, where it occurs in the states of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming. This species is a perennial herb growing up to 1.5 meters tall. The leaves line the stem but disappear from the lowest part of the stem by the time the plant blooms. The leaves are somewhat rounded in outline and are divided into"
"the eastern and northern parts of the desert, and pink in some areas in California. Flowering occurs between April and June. Delphinium parishii Delphinium parishii, the desert larkspur, is a flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae (the buttercup family) native to the Mojave Desert, in the southwestern United States and northwest Mexico. In Southern California it is also found in the Tehachapi Mountains and other Transverse Ranges. It is found between of elevation in California, Arizona, southwestern Utah, and Baja California. ""Delphinium parishi"" is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 17–60 cm tall, rarely to 100 cm tall, with palmately"
"Delphinium scopulorum Delphinium scopulorum, commonly known as the Rocky Mountain larkspur is found dominantly in upper elevations of moist meadows. It is a non-woody plant and has a perennial duration, indicating a yearly growth. ""Scopulorum"" means ""of the mountains. ""Delphinium scopulorum"" is found in a floral region in the lower North America. It is specifically found in the states of New Mexico and Arizona. Its growth habit is forb or herb. Its Native Status is L48 (N), with a National and Regional Wetland Indicator Status of (FAC) and 7(FAC), respectively. The stems of ""Delphinium scopulorum"" are 50–120 cm in length"
"Delphinium tricorne Delphinium tricorne, known by the common name dwarf larkspur, is a flowering plant in the buttercup family. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is the most common ""Delphinium"" found. It is found in rich mesic forests, often over calcareous rocks. It a perennial that sends up long, stringy thin stems with few leaves and bears attractive flowers in shades of blue. The diterpenoid alkaloids lycoctonine and tricornine (otherwise known as lycoctonine-18-O-acetate) have been isolated from ""D. tricorne"". The toxicology and pharmacology of lycoctonine have been quite well studied, but there is only limited information"
"each on an upright pedicel which may exceed 10 centimeters long. The flower is blue with the longest sepals 1.4 centimeters long and a spur about the same length. The fruit is one or two centimeters long. Delphinium uliginosum Delphinium uliginosum is a species of larkspur known by the common names swamp larkspur and bog larkspur. It is endemic to California, where it is known from very localized populations in the Inner North Coast Ranges. It grows in chaparral, grassland, and other habitat in the hills, generally on serpentine soils. This is a perennial herb producing a hairless, erect stem"
"sepals each about 2 centimeters long and a spur of 1 to 2 centimeters. The plant is poisonous to cattle, less so to sheep, and it is occasionally eaten by various species of wild cervids. Delphinium bicolor Delphinium bicolor is a species of larkspur known as little larkspur and low larkspur. It is native to northwestern North America from British Columbia to South Dakota, where it grows in mountain forests and foothill scrub and prairie. This is a perennial herb growing from a thickly branching root system. It produces solitary stems to 40 centimeters in height and green with reddish"
"habitat area cut down 30 to 50 Baker's larkspurs. Scientists initially believed the action may have caused the species' extinction. In October 2004, the plant was nearly made extinct in earnest by road workers using heavy machinery to unclog a roadside drain. The last remaining population of about 100 plants was reduced to five individuals. Delphinium bakeri Delphinium bakeri, or Baker's larkspur, is a perennial herb in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is endemic to California in the United States, where it is a federally listed endangered species. It is known in the wild from one remaining occurrence near Salmon"
"Delphinium pavonaceum Delphinium pavonaceum (syn. ""Delphinium"" × ""pavonaceum"") is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name peacock larkspur. It is endemic to Oregon in the United States, where it is limited to the Willamette Valley. This larkspur has white sepals and blue upper petals. It is likely a hybrid between ""Delphinium menziesii"" and ""D. trolliifolium"". It grows up to 90 centimeters tall from a network of tubers. The inflorescence is pyramidal, with the lower pedicels much longer than the upper. Flowering occurs in April through June. Flowers are pollinated by bumblebees. This plant"
"upper petals. The sepals are usually curved back, the trait which gives the plant its name. Delphinium recurvatum Delphinium recurvatum is a species of larkspur known by the common names Byron larkspur, recurved larkspur, and valley larkspur. It is endemic to California, where most of its historical range is in the Central Valley. The grasslands of the valley have been mostly claimed for development and agriculture, so this species is now uncommon. This wildflower reaches a maximum height of about half a meter. Its deeply lobed leaves are mainly basal, with those located further up the dark purple stem being"
"grows on prairies and floodplains, in well-drained areas. Associated plants include ""Potentilla gracilis"", ""Deschampsia cespitosa"", ""Poa pratensis"", ""Rosa"" spp., ""Spiraea douglasii"", ""Rubus"" spp., ""Rhus diversiloba"", and ""Fraxinus latifolia"". Threats to the species include loss of habitat to urban development and agriculture, as well as herbicides and hybridization. Delphinium pavonaceum Delphinium pavonaceum (syn. ""Delphinium"" × ""pavonaceum"") is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name peacock larkspur. It is endemic to Oregon in the United States, where it is limited to the Willamette Valley. This larkspur has white sepals and blue upper petals. It is"
"available concerning the biological properties of tricornine. Both alkaloids have neuro-muscular blocking properties, and ""D. tricorne"" should be treated as a potentially poisonous plant. This species has long been regarded as poisonous to livestock. Delphinium tricorne Delphinium tricorne, known by the common name dwarf larkspur, is a flowering plant in the buttercup family. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is the most common ""Delphinium"" found. It is found in rich mesic forests, often over calcareous rocks. It a perennial that sends up long, stringy thin stems with few leaves and bears attractive flowers in shades of"
"Delphinium bakeri Delphinium bakeri, or Baker's larkspur, is a perennial herb in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is endemic to California in the United States, where it is a federally listed endangered species. It is known in the wild from one remaining occurrence near Salmon Creek in Sonoma County, where only seven plants remained . This endangered species grows from a thickened, tuber-like, fleshy cluster of roots, to a height of 70 cm (26 inches). The leaves occur primarily along the upper third of the stem and are green at the time the plant flowers. The flowers are irregularly shaped."
"It has five conspicuous sepals, bright dark blue or purplish, with the rear sepal elongated into a spur. The inconspicuous petals occur in two pairs. The lower pair is oblong and blue-purple, the upper pair oblique and white. Seeds are produced in several dry, many-seeded fruits that split open at maturity on only one side. The species flowers from April through May. Baker's larkspur grows on decomposed shale within coastal scrub plant community. Its range historically included the Point Reyes Peninsula and areas between Camp Meeker and Petaluma, California. In July 2002, county-hired road crews mowing weeds in the critical"
"is about two centimeters long. Larkspurs have long been associated with livestock-poisoning in North America, and ""D. glaucum"" (under the name ""D. brownii"") is a species that has caused problems in the rangelands of Alberta, in western Canada. The earliest phytochemical research on ""D.glaucum"" (then known as ""D. brownii"" ) was that of Richard Manske, working at the National Research Laboratories in Ottawa, Canada, in 1938, who isolated an alkaloid that he was unable to purify adequately, and the common plant-sugar, mannitol. A few years later, John Goodson, at the Wellcome Chemical Research Laboratories in London, England, isolated what he"
"are usually a brilliant blue or purple, and sometimes lighter pinkish to white. Often the sepals are dark in color and the petals lighter. The spur is about one to two centimeters long. There are three subspecies of this plant. The Cuyamaca larkspur (ssp. ""cuyamacae"") is native to the Peninsular Ranges, occurring near Cuyamaca Lake and possibly Palomar Mountain in San Diego County. The ssp. ""hesperium"" is native to the North Coast Ranges. The pale-flowered western larkspur (ssp. ""pallescens""), which has white, pink, or light blue sepals, occurs in the Coast Ranges. Delphinium hesperium Delphinium hesperium is a species of"
"certain times of the year. The plant contains many toxic alkaloids. The alkaloids barbinine and barbinidine were first isolated from this species. The most hazardous are called methyl succidimido anthramoyl lycoctomine (MSAL) diterpenoids. About two kilograms dry weight of the plant is estimated to provide a fatal dose of alkaloid. Paralysis occurs and death is caused by respiratory paralysis. Toxicity reactions in animals, sometimes called larkspur toxicosis, can be treated with physostigmine. Ranchers sometimes attempt to kill this larkspur with the herbicide tebuthiuron. Glyphosate and picloram have been effective in research trials, but these chemicals kill nontarget plants as well,"
"Delphinium parishii Delphinium parishii, the desert larkspur, is a flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae (the buttercup family) native to the Mojave Desert, in the southwestern United States and northwest Mexico. In Southern California it is also found in the Tehachapi Mountains and other Transverse Ranges. It is found between of elevation in California, Arizona, southwestern Utah, and Baja California. ""Delphinium parishi"" is a perennial herbaceous plant growing to 17–60 cm tall, rarely to 100 cm tall, with palmately lobed leaves. The flowers vary across the species' range, from dark blue to purplish near Joshua Tree National Park, sky-blue in"
"the mouse, and the LD for nudicauline is ~3 mg/kg, i.v., in the mouse. Delphinium nudicaule Delphinium nudicaule, known by the common names canyon larkspur, red larkspur, orange larkspur, and canyon delphinium, is a flowering perennial herb in the Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae). It is native to the low elevation canyons and slopes, foothills, and mountain ranges, of California from the Sierra Nevada to the California Coast Ranges, and of Oregon. It grows below . The plant sends up thin and long stems with finely dissected leaves. It bears attractive larkspur flowers in shades of red and orange. The flowers generally"
"Consolida ajacis Consolida ajacis (syn. ""Consolida ambigua"", ""Delphinium ajacis"", ""Delphinium ambiguum"", doubtful knight's spur, rocket larkspur) is an annual flowering plant of the family Ranunculaceae native to Eurasia. It is widespread in other areas, including much of North America, where it was an introduced species. It is frequently grown in gardens as an ornamental for its spikes of blue, pink or white flowers. It may reach a meter in height. Since the aerial parts and seeds of ""C. ajacis"" have been found to contain diterpenoid alkaloids (see below), including the highly toxic methyllycaconitine, the plants should be considered as poisonous."
"Delphinium nudicaule Delphinium nudicaule, known by the common names canyon larkspur, red larkspur, orange larkspur, and canyon delphinium, is a flowering perennial herb in the Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae). It is native to the low elevation canyons and slopes, foothills, and mountain ranges, of California from the Sierra Nevada to the California Coast Ranges, and of Oregon. It grows below . The plant sends up thin and long stems with finely dissected leaves. It bears attractive larkspur flowers in shades of red and orange. The flowers generally pollinated by hummingbirds. The root of ""Delphinium nudicaule"" has been historically used as a"
"of above sea level. Delphinium brunonianum Delphinium brunonianum, common name musk larkspur, is a species of larkspur belonging to the family Ranunculaceae. ""Delphinium brunonianum"" can reach a height of . It has a strong musky smell (hence the common name). The leaves are palmately lobed, petiolate and alternate. This plant produces racemes with 5 - 10 blue to purple cup-shaped flowers. Tepals have slender white hairs on both sides and spurs are short. They bloom from July to September. This species is native to Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Tibet and the Himalaya. It can be found in stony mountain slopes"
"Delphinium staphisagria Delphinium staphisagria is a species of ""Delphinium"", or larkspur, of the family Ranunculaceae. This plant is also known as lice-bane or stavesacre. It is described botanically as a stoutly-stemmed, hairy biennial with large palmate leaves up to 6 inches (15 cm) across. The flowers are mauve-blue to blue, short-spurred, and up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) across, occurring in racemes. The plant grows to a height of 4–5 feet. It grows throughout the Mediterranean. The dark-colored, wrinkled seeds of ""D. staphisagria"" are characteristically quite large (~5x6 mm), and it is likely that the species name, which translates to"
"fellow provers were: Cubitz, Franz, Gross, Gutmann, Hartmann, Haymel, Herrman, Kumer, Langhammer, Staph, Teuthorn. Delphinium staphisagria Delphinium staphisagria is a species of ""Delphinium"", or larkspur, of the family Ranunculaceae. This plant is also known as lice-bane or stavesacre. It is described botanically as a stoutly-stemmed, hairy biennial with large palmate leaves up to 6 inches (15 cm) across. The flowers are mauve-blue to blue, short-spurred, and up to 1 inch (2.5 cm) across, occurring in racemes. The plant grows to a height of 4–5 feet. It grows throughout the Mediterranean. The dark-colored, wrinkled seeds of ""D. staphisagria"" are characteristically quite"
"Delphinium robustum Delphinium robustum is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common names Wahatoya Creek larkspur and robust larkspur. It is native to Colorado and New Mexico in the United States. This species is a perennial herb with stems growing up to about 2 meters tall, or sometimes taller. It is known to exceed 3 meters tall at times. The stems are hairless, waxy, and sometimes red in color near the base. The leaves have rounded lobed blades borne on long petioles. The inflorescence is a raceme that sometimes branches, becoming a panicle. It"
"Delphinium hesperium Delphinium hesperium is a species of larkspur known by the common name foothill larkspur. It is also sometimes called western larkspur and coastal larkspur, but these names are less specific since other species share them. It is endemic to California, where it grows in woodland and grassland in the northern half of the state. This wildflower generally reaches one half to one meter in height. It has deeply lobed, prominently veined leaves, mostly located near the base of the plant. The inflorescence may hold very few to over 100 flowers, each on a long, thick pedicel. The flowers"
"the same color, and two upper petals which are usually white. The spur is up to two centimeters long and curves down at the tip. Delphinium hutchinsoniae Delphinium hutchinsoniae is a rare species of larkspur known by the common names Monterey larkspur and Hutchinson's larkspur. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from Monterey County. This wildflower reaches a meter in height but is usually shorter. The leaves are divided into lobes which are further divided into smaller lobes, and they are mostly located low on the plant. The top of the thin, erect stem is occupied"
"Delphinium uliginosum Delphinium uliginosum is a species of larkspur known by the common names swamp larkspur and bog larkspur. It is endemic to California, where it is known from very localized populations in the Inner North Coast Ranges. It grows in chaparral, grassland, and other habitat in the hills, generally on serpentine soils. This is a perennial herb producing a hairless, erect stem up to 70 centimeters tall. It can be identified by its leaves, which are fan-shaped, a characteristic unique among the larkspurs, which generally have palmate leaves with narrow, fingerlike lobes. The inflorescence bears up to 45 flowers,"
"of identifying the compounds responsible for its toxicity. These researchers again found methyllycaconitine and browniine in the plant, but also a closely related alkaloid, browniine-14-acetate, as well as the alkaloid magnoflorine, belonging to the aporphine class. Of these, methyllycaconitine was found to be the most toxic. Delphinium glaucum Delphinium glaucum is a species of ""tall"" larkspur known by the common names Sierra larkspur, mountain larkspur, and glaucous larkspur. Although Ewan, in his survey of North American ""Delphiniums"", treated ""D. glaucum"" and D. brownii as two separate species, some taxonomists now seem inclined to treat ""D. brownii"" as a local form"
"Delphinium glaucum Delphinium glaucum is a species of ""tall"" larkspur known by the common names Sierra larkspur, mountain larkspur, and glaucous larkspur. Although Ewan, in his survey of North American ""Delphiniums"", treated ""D. glaucum"" and D. brownii as two separate species, some taxonomists now seem inclined to treat ""D. brownii"" as a local form of ""D. glaucum"". However, the matter does not yet appear to be completely resolved. This wildflower is native to western North America from Arizona to Alaska. It grows in moist mountainous environments, such as riverbanks and meadows. This plant sprouts one to several tall, stout, pale"