What is the common name for nitrous oxide?
"audio capacities of televisions (especially those attached to home theater systems) over typical computer systems has been suggested as one of the advantages to restricting the game to the console market and not releasing it as a PC game. The Crystal Method supplied the music with tracks from their debut album, ""Vegas"": N2O: Nitrous Oxide NO (or NO: Nitrous Oxide) is a tunnel shooter (similar to the 1980 hit ""Tempest"") notably featuring a soundtrack composed by the American electronic music duo, The Crystal Method. The soundtrack was heavily used to promote the game, and the music is stored in Red"
"Nitric oxide Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula NO. It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen. Nitric oxide is a free radical, i.e., it has an unpaired electron, which is sometimes denoted by a dot in its chemical formula, i.e., ·NO. Nitric oxide is also a heteronuclear diatomic molecule, a historic class that drew researches which spawned early modern theories of chemical bonding. An important intermediate in chemical industry, nitric oxide forms in combustion systems and can be generated by lightning in thunderstorms. In mammals, including humans, nitric oxide is"
"an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 ppm, nitric oxide is immediately dangerous to life and health. Nitric oxide Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula NO. It is one of the principal oxides of nitrogen. Nitric oxide is a free radical, i.e., it has an unpaired electron, which is sometimes denoted by a dot in its chemical formula, i.e., ·NO. Nitric oxide is also a heteronuclear diatomic molecule, a historic class that drew researches which spawned early modern theories of chemical bonding. An important intermediate in chemical industry, nitric oxide forms in"
"NOx In atmospheric chemistry, is a generic term for the nitrogen oxides that are most relevant for air pollution, namely nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (). These gases contribute to the formation of smog and acid rain, as well as affecting tropospheric ozone. The term is chemistry shorthand for molecules containing one nitrogen and one or more oxygen atom. It is generally meant to include nitrous oxide (NO), although nitrous oxide is a fairly inert oxide of nitrogen that has many uses as an oxidizer for rockets and car engines, an anesthetic, and a propellant for aerosol sprays and"
"whipped cream. Nitrous oxide plays hardly any role in air pollution, although it may have a significant impact on the ozone layer, and is a significant greenhouse gas. ' is defined as the sum of plus the ' compounds produced from the oxidation of which include nitric acid, nitrous acid(HONO), dinitrogen pentoxide(NO), peroxyacetyl nitrate(PAN), alkyl nitrates (RONO), peroxyalkyl nitrates (ROONO), the nitrate radical (NO), and peroxynitric acid(HNO). Because of energy limitations, oxygen and nitrogen do not react at ambient temperatures. But at high temperatures, they undergo an endothermic reaction producing various oxides of nitrogen. Such temperatures arise inside an internal"
"previously, which is very serious and can even be fatal Nitrous oxide, also sometimes known as laughing gas, is a legally available gas used for purposes that include anesthesia during certain dental and surgical procedures, as well as food preparation and the fueling of rocket and racing engines. Substance abusers also sometimes use the gas as an inhalant. Like all other inhalants, it's popular because it provides consciousness-altering effects while allowing users to avoid some of the legal issues surrounding illicit or illegal drugs of abuse. Abuse of nitrogenous oxide can produce significant short-term and long-term damage to human health,"
"can cause violent oxidation of organic material. Nitrogen Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name ""nitrogène"" was suggested by French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790, when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates. Antoine Lavoisier suggested instead the name azote, from the Greek άζωτικός ""no life"", as"
"Nitroxyl Nitroxyl (common name) or azanone (IUPAC name) is the chemical compound HNO. It is well known in the gas phase. NO It is the reduced form of nitric oxide (NO) and is isoelectronic with dioxygen. Nitroxyl can be formed as a reaction intermediate. Nitroxyl is produced from the reagents ""Angeli's salt"" (NaNO) and ""Piloty's acid"" (PhSONHOH). Other notable studies on the production of HNO exploit cycloadducts of acyl nitroso species, which are known to decompose via hydrolysis to HNO and acyl acid. Upon photolysis these compounds release the acyl nitroso species which then further decompose. HNO is generated via"
"Biological functions of nitric oxide Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide) is a molecule and chemical compound with chemical formula of NO. In mammals including humans, nitric oxide is a signaling molecule involved in many physiological and pathological processes. It is a powerful vasodilator with a half-life of a few seconds in the blood. Standard pharmaceuticals such as nitroglycerine and amyl nitrite are precursors to nitric oxide. Low levels of nitric oxide production are typically due to ischemic damage in the liver. As a consequence of its importance in neuroscience, physiology, and immunology, nitric oxide was proclaimed ""Molecule of the Year"" in"
"For instance, nitryl benzene is normally called nitrobenzene (PhNO). Nitryl Nitryl is the nitrogen dioxide (NO) moiety when it occurs in a larger compound as a univalent fragment. Examples include nitryl fluoride (NOF) and nitryl chloride (NOCl). Like nitrogen dioxide, the nitryl moiety contains a nitrogen atom with two bonds to the two oxygen atoms, and a third bond shared equally between the nitrogen and the two oxygen atoms. The nitrogen-centred radical is then free to form a bond with another univalent fragment (X) to produce an N-X bond, where X can be F, Cl, OH, etc. In organic nomenclature,"
"halogenating agents. Nitrogen forms nine molecular oxides, some of which were the first gases to be identified: NO (nitrous oxide), NO (nitric oxide), NO (dinitrogen trioxide), NO (nitrogen dioxide), NO (dinitrogen tetroxide), NO (dinitrogen pentoxide), NO (nitrosylazide), and N(NO) (trinitramide). All are thermally unstable towards decomposition to their elements. One other possible oxide that has not yet been synthesised is oxatetrazole (NO), an aromatic ring. Nitrous oxide (NO), better known as laughing gas, is made by thermal decomposition of molten ammonium nitrate at 250 °C. This is a redox reaction and thus nitric oxide and nitrogen are also produced as"
"Nitrogen Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7. It was first discovered and isolated by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772. Although Carl Wilhelm Scheele and Henry Cavendish had independently done so at about the same time, Rutherford is generally accorded the credit because his work was published first. The name ""nitrogène"" was suggested by French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal in 1790, when it was found that nitrogen was present in nitric acid and nitrates. Antoine Lavoisier suggested instead the name azote, from the Greek άζωτικός ""no life"", as it is an asphyxiant gas; this name"
"Nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin (NG), also known as nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the formation of the nitric acid ester. Chemically, the substance is an organic nitrate compound rather than a nitro compound, yet the traditional name is often retained. Invented in 1847, nitroglycerin has been used as an active ingredient in the manufacture of explosives, mostly dynamite, and as such it is employed in the construction, demolition, and mining industries. Since the 1880s, it has"
"metabolite excreted in the urine, accounting for >70% of the nitric oxide dose inhaled. Nitrate is cleared from the plasma by the kidney at rates approaching the rate of glomerular filtration. NO is a potential therapeutic intervention in acute and chronic lung infections. Biological functions of nitric oxide Nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide) is a molecule and chemical compound with chemical formula of NO. In mammals including humans, nitric oxide is a signaling molecule involved in many physiological and pathological processes. It is a powerful vasodilator with a half-life of a few seconds in the blood. Standard pharmaceuticals such as nitroglycerine"
"The resulting mixture of nitrogen and oxygen is known as nitrox. The traces of argon and other atmospheric gases are considered to be unimportant. Nitrox is a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen. Technically this can include hypoxic nitrox mixtures, where the gas fraction of oxygen is less than in air (21%), but these are not generally used. Nitrox is generally understood as air enriched by additional oxygen. Gas fraction of oxygen may range from 22% to 99%, but is more usually in the range of 25% to 40% for bottom gas (breathed during the main part of the dive), and"
"known by many names: Enriched Air Nitrox, Oxygen Enriched Air, Nitrox, EANx or Safe Air. Since the word is a compound contraction or coined word and not an acronym, it should not be written in all upper case characters as ""NITROX"", but may be initially capitalized when referring to specific mixtures such as Nitrox32, which contains 68% nitrogen and 32% oxygen. When one figure is stated, it refers to the oxygen percentage, not the nitrogen percentage. The original convention, Nitrox68/32 became shortened as the first figure is redundant. The term ""nitrox"" was originally used to refer to the breathing gas"
"Nitryl Nitryl is the nitrogen dioxide (NO) moiety when it occurs in a larger compound as a univalent fragment. Examples include nitryl fluoride (NOF) and nitryl chloride (NOCl). Like nitrogen dioxide, the nitryl moiety contains a nitrogen atom with two bonds to the two oxygen atoms, and a third bond shared equally between the nitrogen and the two oxygen atoms. The nitrogen-centred radical is then free to form a bond with another univalent fragment (X) to produce an N-X bond, where X can be F, Cl, OH, etc. In organic nomenclature, the nitryl moiety is known as the nitro group."
"ozone-depleting emissions and is expected to remain the largest throughout the 21st century. Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 298 times that of carbon dioxide. Global warming potential is a way to compare global warming impacts of different gases relative to carbon dioxide emissions. Since nitrous oxide has such a high global warming potential, it is able to warm the earth more effectively compared to other greenhouse gases. Although generally unreactive in the troposphere, nitrous oxide is destroyed during photolysis or reactions with excited oxygen atoms and catalyzes the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere."
"people thought this gas to be lethal, even in small doses, like some other nitrogen oxides. However, in 1799, British chemist and inventor Humphry Davy decided to find out by experimenting on himself. To his astonishment he found that nitrous oxide made him laugh, so he nicknamed it ""laughing gas"". In 1800 Davy wrote about the potential anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide in relieving pain during surgery, but nobody at that time pursued the matter any further. American physician Crawford W. Long noticed that his friends felt no pain when they injured themselves while staggering around under the influence of"
"Nitric oxide synthase Nitric oxide synthases () (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. NO is an important cellular signaling molecule. It helps modulate vascular tone, insulin secretion, airway tone, and peristalsis, and is involved in angiogenesis and neural development. It may function as a retrograde neurotransmitter. Nitric oxide is mediated in mammals by the calcium-calmodulin controlled isoenzymes eNOS (endothelial NOS) and nNOS (neuronal NOS). The inducible isoform, iNOS, involved in immune response, binds calmodulin at physiologically relevant concentrations, and produces NO as an immune defense mechanism, as NO is a free"
"Nitrite oxidoreductase Nitrite oxidoreductase (NOR or NXR) is an enzyme involved in nitrification. It is the last step in the process of aerobic ammonia oxidation, which is carried out by two groups of nitrifying bacteria: ammonia oxidizers such as ""Nitrosospira"", ""Nitrosomonas"" and ""Nitrosococcus"" convert ammonia to nitrite, while nitrite oxidizers such as ""Nitrobacter"" and ""Nitrospira"" oxidize nitrite to nitrate. The enzyme is bound to the inner cytoplasmic surface of the bacterial membrane and contains multiple subunits, iron-sulfur centers and a molybdenum cofactor. The enzyme is relatively abundant, making up 10-30% of the total protein in these bacteria and forms densely"
"Nitrous acid Nitrous acid (molecular formula HNO) is a weak and monobasic acid known only in solution and in the form of nitrite salts. Nitrous acid is used to make diazonium salts from amines. The resulting diazonium salts are reagents in azo coupling reactions to give azo dyes. In the gas phase, the planar nitrous acid molecule can adopt both a ""cis"" and a ""trans"" form. The ""trans"" form predominates at room temperature, and IR measurements indicate it is more stable by around 2.3 kJ mol. Nitrous acid is usually generated by acidification of aqueous solutions sodium nitrite with a"
"Dinitrogen pentoxide Dinitrogen pentoxide is the chemical compound with the formula NO. Also known as nitrogen pentoxide, NO is one of the binary nitrogen oxides, a family of compounds that only contain nitrogen and oxygen. It is an unstable and potentially dangerous oxidizer that once was used as a reagent when dissolved in chloroform for nitrations but has largely been superseded by NOBF (nitronium tetrafluoroborate). NO is a rare example of a compound that adopts two structures depending on the conditions: most commonly it is a salt, but under some conditions it is a polar molecule: NO was first reported"
"·NO is endothermic, NO can be decomposed to the elements. Catalytic converters in cars exploit this reaction: When exposed to oxygen, nitric oxide converts into nitrogen dioxide. This conversion has been speculated as occurring via the ONOONO intermediate. In water, nitric oxide reacts with oxygen and water to form nitrous acid (HNO). The reaction is thought to proceed via the following stoichiometry: Nitric oxide reacts with fluorine, chlorine, and bromine to form the nitrosyl halides, such as nitrosyl chloride: With NO, also a radical, NO combines to form the intensely blue dinitrogen trioxide: Nitric oxide reacts with acetone and an"
"hydroxyl radicals. Nitrous acid Nitrous acid (molecular formula HNO) is a weak and monobasic acid known only in solution and in the form of nitrite salts. Nitrous acid is used to make diazonium salts from amines. The resulting diazonium salts are reagents in azo coupling reactions to give azo dyes. In the gas phase, the planar nitrous acid molecule can adopt both a ""cis"" and a ""trans"" form. The ""trans"" form predominates at room temperature, and IR measurements indicate it is more stable by around 2.3 kJ mol. Nitrous acid is usually generated by acidification of aqueous solutions sodium nitrite"
"Nitrox Nitrox refers to any gas mixture composed (excepting trace gases) of nitrogen and oxygen. This includes atmospheric air, which is approximately 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases, primarily argon. In the usual application, underwater diving, nitrox is normally distinguished from air and handled differently. The most common use of nitrox mixtures containing oxygen in higher proportions than atmospheric air is in scuba diving, where the reduced partial pressure of nitrogen is advantageous in reducing nitrogen uptake in the body's tissues, thereby extending the practicable underwater dive time by reducing the decompression requirement, or reducing the risk of"
"compound. This makes the name easier to pronounce; for example, CO is ""carbon monoxide"" (as opposed to ""monooxide""). There are a number of exceptions and special cases that violate the above rules. Sometimes the prefix is left off of the initial atom: IO is known as ""iodine pentoxide"", but it should be called ""diiodine pentoxide"". NO is called ""nitrogen sesquioxide"" (""sesqui-"" means ). The main oxide of phosphorus is called ""phosphorus pentoxide"". It should actually be ""diphosphorus pentoxide"", but it is assumed that there are two phosphorus atoms (PO), as they are needed in order to balance the oxidation numbers"
"packed structures on the membrane surface. Nitrite oxidoreductase Nitrite oxidoreductase (NOR or NXR) is an enzyme involved in nitrification. It is the last step in the process of aerobic ammonia oxidation, which is carried out by two groups of nitrifying bacteria: ammonia oxidizers such as ""Nitrosospira"", ""Nitrosomonas"" and ""Nitrosococcus"" convert ammonia to nitrite, while nitrite oxidizers such as ""Nitrobacter"" and ""Nitrospira"" oxidize nitrite to nitrate. The enzyme is bound to the inner cytoplasmic surface of the bacterial membrane and contains multiple subunits, iron-sulfur centers and a molybdenum cofactor. The enzyme is relatively abundant, making up 10-30% of the total protein"
"(indeed, with the sole exception of oxygen) are mephitic, it is used in many languages (French, Italian, Portuguese, Polish, Russian, Albanian, Turkish, etc.; the German ""Stickstoff"" similarly refers to the same characteristic, viz. ""sticken"" ""to choke or suffocate"") and still remains in English in the common names of many nitrogen compounds, such as hydrazine and compounds of the azide ion. Finally, it led to the name ""pnictogens"" for the group headed by nitrogen, from the Greek πνίγειν ""to choke"". The English word nitrogen (1794) entered the language from the French ""nitrogène"", coined in 1790 by French chemist Jean-Antoine Chaptal (1756–1832),"
"legal cyclohexyl nitrite as the primary ingredient in their products, which are sold as video head cleaners, polish removers, or room odorants. In the United States, possession of nitrous oxide is legal under federal law and is not subject to DEA purview. It is, however, regulated by the Food and Drug Administration under the Food Drug and Cosmetics Act; prosecution is possible under its ""misbranding"" clauses, prohibiting the sale or distribution of nitrous oxide for the purpose of human consumption as a recreational drug. Many states have laws regulating the possession, sale, and distribution of nitrous oxide. Such laws usually"
"niger"". Glucose oxidase is synthesized in several species of fungi and insects where it is used to produce hydrogen peroxide which in turn kills bacteria. Notatin, extracted from antibacterial cultures of ""Penicillium notatum"", was originally named Penicillin A, but was renamed to avoid confusion with penicillin. Notatin was shown to be identical to Penicillin B and glucose oxidase, enzymes extracted from other molds besides ""P. notatum""; it is now generally known as glucose oxidase. Early experiments showed that notatin exhibits ""in vitro"" antibacterial activity (in the presence of glucose) due to hydrogen peroxide formation. ""In vivo"" tests showed that notatin"
"of different NONOates can be used to give a sustained release of nitric oxide. At pH 5.0, most NONOates are considered to decompose almost instantaneously. NONOate In chemistry, a NONOate is a compound having the chemical formula RRN−(NO)−N=O, where R and R are alkyl groups. One example for this is ""1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazine"", or ""diethylamine dinitric oxide"". These compounds are unusual in having three sequential nitrogen atoms: an amine functional group, a bridging NO group, and a terminal nitrosyl group. In contact with water, these compounds release NO (nitric oxide). Most NONOates are stable in alkaline solution above pH 8.0 (e. g."
"Amine oxide An amine oxide, also known as amine-""N""-oxide and ""N""-oxide, is a chemical compound that contains the functional group RN−O, an N−O coordinate covalent bond with three additional hydrogen and/or hydrocarbon side chains attached to N. Sometimes it is written as RN→O or, wrongly, as RN=O. In the strict sense, the term ""amine oxide"" applies only to oxides of tertiary amines. Sometimes it is also used for the analogous derivatives of primary and secondary amines. Examples of amine oxides include pyridine-""N""-oxide, a water-soluble crystalline solid with melting point 62–67 °C, and ""N""-methylmorpholine ""N""-oxide, which is an oxidant. Amine oxides"