What is the soft shawl made from the under fleece of goats in Northern India?
"pashmina, found on the shawl-goat, a variety of ""Capra hircus"" inhabiting the elevated regions of Tibet. There are several varieties of pashm, but the finest is a strict monopoly of the maharaja of Kashmir. Inferior pashm and Kerman wool — a fine soft Persian sheep's wool — are used for shawl weaving at Amritsar and other places in the Punjab, where colonies of Kashmiri weavers are established. Of shawls, apart from shape and pattern, there are only two principal classes: (1) loom-woven shawls called tiliwalla, tilikar or kani kar — sometimes woven in one piece, but more often in small"
"animal; that from the under-belly, which is shed on the approach of hot weather. Materials of an inferior grade were of the wool of the wild Himalayan mountain sheep or the Himalayan ibex. However, the best fleece wool is soft, silky and warm is of the wild goats, and painstakingly gathered from shrubs and rough rocks against which the animals rub off their fleece on the approach of summer. This was undoubtedly the soft fleece wool from which were made the famous and much coveted 'ring shawls' in Mughal times. Unfortunately very inferior and second rate wool taken from domesticated"
"India, and the chyangara or Nepalese pashmina goat from Nepal. Often shawls called ""shahmina"" are made from this material in Kashmir and Nepal; these shawls are hand spun and woven from the very fine cashmere fibre. Woven shawls in South Asia have been worn as early as the Indus Valley Civilisation. A famous example is the statue of a priest-king found at Mohenjo-Daro, who is draped in a shawl decorated with trefoil patterns. Woolen shawls made in Kashmir are mentioned in Afghan texts between the 3rd century BC and the 11th century AD. However, the founder of the pashmina industry"
"cashmere wool. In the spring (the moulting season), the goats naturally shed their undercoat, which regrows in winter. This undercoat is collected by combing the goat, not by shearing, as in other fine wools. A traditional producer of pashmina wool in the Ladakh region of the Himalayas are a people known as the Changpa. These are a nomadic people and inhabit the Changthang plateau of Tibet, which has a lowest altitude of 13,500 feet above sea level and a winter temperature which can drop to −40 degree Celsius. The Changpa rear sheep in these harsh climates for meat, and pashmina"
"they are too coarse, difficult to spin and difficult to dye. The cashmere goat produces a commercial quantity of cashmere wool, which is one of the most expensive natural fibers commercially produced; cashmere is very fine and soft. The cashmere goat fiber is harvested once a year, yielding around of down. In South Asia, cashmere is called ""pashmina"" (from Persian ""pashmina"", ""fine wool""). In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Kashmir (then called Cashmere by the British), had a thriving industry producing shawls from goat-hair imported from Tibet and Tartary through Ladakh. The shawls were introduced into Western Europe when"
"then knitted before washing the yarn. The yarn and fiber is not washed until the shawl has been knitted and is ready for blocking and sale. The shawls are knitted into a variety of geometric designs. The shawls are made in many shapes; rectangular, square and triangular. The size varies from a 5 ft by 5 ft square shawls to a headscarf-sized ones. Color varies depending on the coloring of the goats. Some shawls contain more than one color. The down hair of Orenburg goats is the thinnest in the world – 16-18 micrometers, and that of Angora goats (mohair)"
"although the shawls are quite large, a shawl knit in the traditional fashion is so fine that it can be pulled through a wedding ring. The shawls are made from a blend of silk and indigenous goat fiber, similar to cashmere or mohair. Harsh climate and the specific features of the area created perfect conditions for successful breeding of the Guberlinskoy breed that has a light, warm, soft, silky and long-fiber fluff. This particular type of wool is exclusively peculiar to this breed. The goats are brushed each spring to collect the fiber. Each goat gives off about a pound"
"Gagra choli Gagra choli or ghagra choli, which is also known as lehenga choli and locally as chaniya choli, is the traditional clothing of women from the Indian subcontinent, notable in Indian states of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu, as well as in Nepal. In Punjab it was traditionally worn with the kurti and salwar. It is a combination of the ""gagra"" or ""lehenga"" (long skirt) and the ""choli"" (blouse). Historically, the gagra choli evolved from the three-piece attire worn by women in ancient India. The attire consisted of the ""antriya"" lower"
"a height of around . It covers an area of (from India to China). The water in India is salty, in China interest not, but in spite of that, during the winter the water freezes. The Pashmina goat is famous for its ultra fine Cashmere wool. Pasmina in Persian means 'made from wool' and in Kashmiri it translates to 'soft gold'. This breed of goat inhabits the Changthang plateau and therefrom gets its name. Pashmina shawls are hand spun in Kashmir and Nepal. Mohd Iqbal Yatoo, Maheshwar Singh, Syed Shafat Kubrevi, Mir Shabir, Ruksar Dar, Kunzes Angmo (2014). Safeguarding a"
"in India until the 1840s). So when Hastings told the directors of the Company about an alternative means of remittance, a rare and precious raw material that could easily and profitably be shipped from India directly to London, they were at once interested. The raw material in question was a superior-quality wool: the exquisitely soft and durable animal down that had been used since time immemorial to make the famous wraps, or shawls, of Kashmir. This down was found only on the shawl-wool goat, and the shawl-wool goat was found only in certain areas of western Tibet. It refused to"
"Gamucha A gamucha (also ""gamocha"" (ga=body, mocha=wipe), ""gamchcha"", ""gamcha"") is a traditional thin, coarse cotton towel found in India, Bangladesh as well as various parts of South and Southeast Asia and is used to dry the body after bathing or wiping sweat. It is often just worn on one side of the shoulder. Its appearance varies from region to region, and it has been traditionally worn as a scarf by the men of Orissa which was mentioned in Oriya Mahabharata by Sarala Dasa. Male villagers wear it as dhoti. Children of tribal communities in Orissa wear gamucha until their adolescence"
"Changthangi The Changthangi ,""'Changra""'or Pashmina goat, is a breed of goat inhabiting the plateaus in Tibet, Nepal, parts of Burma and neighbouring areas of Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, India. They are raised for ultra-fine cashmere wool (known as pashmina once woven) but were also reared for meat in the past. This bloodline of the ""capra hircus"" or Cashmere goat, grows a thick, warm undercoat which is the source of Kashmir Pashmina wool - the world's finest Cashmere measuring between 12-15 microns in fiber thickness. These goats are generally domesticated and are reared by nomadic communities called the Changpa in"
"Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST) in Shuhama, 25 km east of Srinagar, on March 15, 2012. Changthangi The Changthangi ,""'Changra""'or Pashmina goat, is a breed of goat inhabiting the plateaus in Tibet, Nepal, parts of Burma and neighbouring areas of Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, India. They are raised for ultra-fine cashmere wool (known as pashmina once woven) but were also reared for meat in the past. This bloodline of the ""capra hircus"" or Cashmere goat, grows a thick, warm undercoat which is the source of Kashmir Pashmina wool - the world's finest Cashmere measuring between 12-15 microns"
"made from natural or synthetic fiber are sold under the name ""pashmina"", creating confusion in the market. . The exorbitant price of a real pashmina shawl is due to the amount of expert craftsmanship that goes into creating each shawl and the rarity of the pashmina wool – the wool is used in a Kashmiri pashmina shawl is often sourced from the changthangi breed of goat and this breed constitutes less than 0.1% of global cashmere production. Goats used for pashmina shed their winter coat every spring. One goat sheds approximately 80–170 gram (3–6 ounces) of the fibre. See also"
"Cashmere wool Cashmere wool, usually simply known as cashmere, is a fiber obtained from cashmere goats and other types of goat. The word ""cashmere"" is an old spelling of ""Kashmir"", northernmost geographical region of Indian Subcontinent. Common usage defines the fiber as wool but it is finer and softer than sheep's wool. Cashmere is finer, stronger, lighter, softer, and approximately three times more insulating than sheep wool. In the United States, under the U.S. Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939, as amended, (15 U. S. Code Section 68b(a)(6)), a wool or textile product may be labelled as containing cashmere only"
"the Changthang region of Greater Ladakh. The Changpa communities are a sub-sect of the larger Buddhist Drokpa community in northern Indian state of Jammu & Kashmir. They survive on grass in Ladakh, where temperatures plunge to as low as . These goats provide the wool for Kashmir's famous Pashmina shawls. Shawls made from Pashmina wool are considered very fine, and are exported worldwide. The Changthangi goats have revitalized the poor economy of Changthang, Leh and Ladakh region. Noori, the world's first cloned Pashmina goat, was cloned at the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry of the Sher-e-Kashmir University of"
"if the following criteria are met: Cashmere wool fiber for clothing and other textile articles is obtained from the neck region of Cashmere and other goats. Historically, fine-haired Cashmere goats have been called ""Capra hircus laniger"", as if they were a subspecies of the domestic goat ""Capra hircus"". However, they are now more commonly considered part of the domestic goat subspecies ""Capra aegagrus hircus"". Cashmere goats produce a double fleece that consists of a fine, soft undercoat or underdown of hair mingled with a straighter and much coarser outer coating of hair called guard hair. For the fine underdown to"
"Tangaliya Shawl A Tangaliya Shawl is a handwoven, GI protected shawl and textile made by the Dangasia community from Schedule Caste in Gujarat, India. The 700-year-old indigenous craft is native to the Surendranagar district, of Saurashtra-region of the state. Traditional variations like Ramraj, Charmalia, Dhunslu, and Lobdi are woven in village clusters of Dedara, Vastadi, Godavari and Vadla in the district. The textile is usually used as shawl and wraparound skirt by women of the Bharwad shepherd community of the Wankaner, Amreli, Dehgam, Surendranagar, Joravarnagar, Botad, Bhavnagar and Kutch areas. The shawls are woven in pit looms at homes and"
"is still produced by communities in Indian Kashmir but its rarity and high price, along with political instability in the region, make it very hard to source and to regulate quality. It is estimated that on average yearly production per goat is . Pure cashmere can be dyed and spun into yarns and knitted into jumpers (sweaters), hats, gloves, socks and other clothing, or woven into fabrics then cut and assembled into garments such as outer coats, jackets, trousers (pants), pajamas, scarves, blankets, and other items. Fabric and garment producers in Scotland, Italy, and Japan have long been known as"
"At present pashmina wool is being imported from China to fulfill demand, due to the rarity of pashmina goat, which is a special breed of goat indigenous to high altitudes of the Himalayas in Ladakh. Pashmina shawls are hand spun and woven and the textiles are embroidered in Kashmir, where more than 10 million people are associated with this industry. Noori (goat) Noori (Arabic word for ""light"") is a female pashmina goat, the first pashmina goat to be cloned using the process of nuclear transfer. Born on 9 March 2012, she is kept at the place of her birth, at"
"Kachchh shawl A Kachchh shawl is a traditional shawl woven in the Kutch region of the Gujarat, India. These are largely woven with Kachchhi motifs in Bhujodi village of Kutch. Traditionally Kachchhi weavers belong to Marwada and Maheswari communities. Kachchhi shawls have received geographical indication tag under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999. There are two stories about the migration of weavers into the Kutch region around 500 years ago. According to the first story a girl belonging to a rich Rabari family was married to a man in Kutch and she was given a weaver"
"Khalat A khalat ( / ALA-LC: ""xalat"") is a loose, long-sleeved outer silk or cotton robe common in Central Asia, Pakistan and northern India and worn both by men and women, although in differing styles. Historically, richly adorned khalats have been used as honorific awards, similarly to mantle. The word khalat/khilat was also used to denote the ceremony of awarding the honorific robe. Such social aspects of clothing have been known in many societies. By the 19th century in British India the word ""khillat"" had come to mean any gift of money or goods awarded by the Government of India"
"design continued to be very popular in the 1970s and 1980s particularly associated with the hippie subculture. Afghan coat An Afghan coat is a sheepskin or goatskin coat made with the fleece on the inside and the soft suede-like leather on the outside. It is a development of the traditional overcoat of the Afghan tribes, called the Pashtuns, which could be anywhere from jacket- to ankle-length, with full or partial sleeves. Modern Afghan coats originate from Ghazni province, situated between Kabul and Kandahar. The coats were made from sheepskins that were fully cured and tanned, colourful and finely embroidered with"
"South Asia, cashmere is called ""pashmina"" (from Persian ""pashmina"", ""fine wool""). In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Kashmir (then called Cashmere by the British), had a thriving industry producing shawls from goat-hair imported from Tibet and Tartary through Ladakh. The shawls were introduced into Western Europe when the General in Chief of the French campaign in Egypt (1799–1802) sent one to Paris. Since these shawls were produced in the upper Kashmir and Ladakh region, the wool came to be known as ""cashmere"". The cashmere goat produces a commercial quantity of cashmere wool, which is one of the most expensive"
"Shahtoosh Shahtoosh (also written shahtush, a Persian word meaning ""king of fine wools"") is the name given to a specific kind of shawl, which is woven with the down hair of the Tibetan antelope (chiru), by craftsmen and women of Kashmir. The Shahtoosh shawl is now a banned item with possession and sale being illegal in most countries for the Chiru is an endangered species under CITES. However, the weaving of Shahtoosh shawls continues in secret in Kashmir due to high demand by western buyers. The estimated market value of one Shahtoosh shawl in the western market is around $5000–6000."
"Afghan coat An Afghan coat is a sheepskin or goatskin coat made with the fleece on the inside and the soft suede-like leather on the outside. It is a development of the traditional overcoat of the Afghan tribes, called the Pashtuns, which could be anywhere from jacket- to ankle-length, with full or partial sleeves. Modern Afghan coats originate from Ghazni province, situated between Kabul and Kandahar. The coats were made from sheepskins that were fully cured and tanned, colourful and finely embroidered with silk thread. They were first imported to the UK in 1966 by Craig Sams, who sold them"
"greater cost, including cashmere (from the Kashmir goat), angora (from the Angora rabbit), alpaca, or huarizo (from a hybrid of alpaca and llama). Evening over-frock coats, worn over Evening dress could be made from Mohair (from the Angora goat), which produced an additional sheen. Evening over-frocks often have silk revers, like the dress coat worn underneath. Both could be lined on the inside with fur of animals ranging from nutria or rabbit to silver fox or Imperial sable, depending on the owner's means and preferences. To order coat lined in sable, beaver, seal, or mink from one's tailor would be"
"received GI registration status. These days, the textile is used for dupatta, dress material and home furnishing products like bedsheets and pillow covers. Instead of traditional cotton or sheep wool yarn, merino wool and eri silk are used. Tangaliya Shawl A Tangaliya Shawl is a handwoven, GI protected shawl and textile made by the Dangasia community from Schedule Caste in Gujarat, India. The 700-year-old indigenous craft is native to the Surendranagar district, of Saurashtra-region of the state. Traditional variations like Ramraj, Charmalia, Dhunslu, and Lobdi are woven in village clusters of Dedara, Vastadi, Godavari and Vadla in the district. The"
"Mashk A mashk (Hindi: मश्क) - (Urdu: مشک) or mashq (मश्क़, مشق) is a traditional water-carrying bag, usually made of waterproofed goat-skin, from North India, Pakistan and Nepal. ""Mashqs"" can vary in size, from a hand-held bag, which was often used to carry liquids such as alcohol, to a large man-sized bag that comes with shoulder strap. They usually have only one narrowed opening. A person who is carrying a large ""mashq"" is called a ""māshqi"" (माश्क़ी, ماشقی). Traditionally, in the northern part of the South Asia, the larger ""mashq"" was associated with the ""Bhishti"" (भिश्ती, بهِشتی) subcaste who were"
"Pashmina Pashmina is a fine type of cashmere wool. The textiles made from it were first woven in Kashmir. The name comes from / ""pašmina"", meaning ""made from wool"". Pashmina came to be known as 'cashmere' in the West because Europeans first encountered this fibre in Kashmir. The wool comes from a number of different breeds of the cashmere goat; such as the changthangi or Kashmir pashmina goat from the Changthang Plateau in Tibet and part of the Ladakh region, the malra from the Kargil area in the Kashmir region, the chegu from Himachal Pradesh in the Himalayas of northern"
"Angora wool Angora hair or Angora fibre refers to the downy coat produced by the Angora rabbit. While their names are similar, Angora fibre is distinct from mohair, which comes from the Angora goat. Angora fibre is also distinct from cashmere, which comes from the cashmere goat. Angora is known for its softness, thin fibres, and what knitters refer to as a halo (fluffiness). It is also known for its silky texture. It is much warmer and lighter than wool due to the hollow core of the angora fibre. It also gives them their characteristic floating feel. Angora rabbits produce"
"a good carpet-quality wool breed, with the densest and heaviest fleeces among the breeds of Rajasthan and a wool of reasonably good carpet quality. References Acharya R.M., 1982, “Sheep and goat breeds of India,” Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. [Web Reference] ICAR-CSWRI, 2016, “Breed Profiles - Breeds of Sheep in different agro-ecological regions in India and their major products,” ICAR-Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, India. [Web Reference] NBAGR, “Registered Breeds of Sheep,” [Web Reference] Lohi sheep The Lohi sheep is found in southern Punjab in India. It is used for its carpet quality wool and"
"under the agreement, illegal hunting and selling of shahtoosh remains a serious problem in Tibet. Shahtoosh Shahtoosh (also written shahtush, a Persian word meaning ""king of fine wools"") is the name given to a specific kind of shawl, which is woven with the down hair of the Tibetan antelope (chiru), by craftsmen and women of Kashmir. The Shahtoosh shawl is now a banned item with possession and sale being illegal in most countries for the Chiru is an endangered species under CITES. However, the weaving of Shahtoosh shawls continues in secret in Kashmir due to high demand by western buyers."