On which of the pipes of a set of bagpipes is the tune fingered
"of the two-chanter bagpipe have been created in small numbers since the late 20th century. The double chanter configuration permits interesting harmonies. One chanter plays the upper half of the octave, the other the lower half. Both chanters can play the tonic note and thus, using covered fingering, one can create a constant drone whilst playing the melody. This drone effect is a striking feature of the double chanter bagpipes. Such bagpipes are also good for low, rich accompaniments. From the 1990s onward, pipemakers like Julian Goodacre have produced a number of Cornish double-pipes. In late 2009 the numbers playing"
"of the hornpipe or ""stock-and-horn"", a historical reed pipe of Scotland with a capped double reed and bell made of horn, played by shepherds, among others. Chanter The chanter is the part of the bagpipe upon which the player creates the melody. It consists of a number of finger-holes, and in its simpler forms looks similar to a recorder. On more elaborate bagpipes, such as the Northumbrian bagpipes or the Uilleann pipes, it also may have a number of keys, to increase the instrument's range and/or the number of keys (in the modal sense) it can play in. Like the"
"Chanter The chanter is the part of the bagpipe upon which the player creates the melody. It consists of a number of finger-holes, and in its simpler forms looks similar to a recorder. On more elaborate bagpipes, such as the Northumbrian bagpipes or the Uilleann pipes, it also may have a number of keys, to increase the instrument's range and/or the number of keys (in the modal sense) it can play in. Like the rest of the bagpipe, they are often decorated with a variety of substances, including metal (silver/nickel/gold/brass), bone, ivory, or plastic mountings. Chanters come in two main"
"rhythmic possibilities: in the simplest case, one pipe is used to play the melody while the second provides a variable drone, while more complex pipes may separate certain individual notes into separate, stopped pipes. Because of the accompanying drone or drones, the lack of modulation in bagpipe melody, and stable timbre of the reed sound, in many bagpipe traditions the tones of the chanter are tuned using just intonation, although bagpipe tuning is highly variable across traditions. On the Great Highland bagpipe, tuning of the individual notes of the chanter is done using tape to slightly cover the finger holes"
"name of cornemuse for all bagpipes. The term pijpzak refers to a type of two-droned Flemish bagpipe, as portrayed in the artwork of Pieter Bruegel the Elder and many others. The instrument is held rather in front of the player than under the arm, as can be seen on the painting on top of this article. The two drone pipes, which have single reeds and are typically a fifth apart, are in the same stock and face directly up or slightly forward, depending on the individual position of the piper. The chanter has a conical pierce and a double reed."
"c sharp; cross-fingering would then have been needed to sound a c sharp. Some instruments are made in other pitches, typically B flat or G, rather than A. The instrument has three cylindrically bored drones inserted into the pipebag by a common stock, typically tuned A, a, e', or A, a, a. In contrast, the Great Highland Bagpipe has each drone in a separate stock. The drone tuning A, e, a was used in half-long pipes in the early 20th century, and though still rare, sets are now beginning to be made with this drone tuning again. The bag is"
"Bagpipes Bagpipes are a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. The Scottish Great Highland bagpipes are the best known in the Anglophone world; however, bagpipes have been played for a millennium or more throughout large parts of Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia, including Turkey, the Caucasus, and around the Persian Gulf. The term ""bagpipe"" is equally correct in the singular or plural, though pipers usually refer to the bagpipes as ""the pipes"", ""a set of pipes"" or ""a stand of pipes"". A set of bagpipes minimally consists"
"uilleann pipes are distinguished from many other forms of bagpipes by their tone and wide range of notes – the chanter has a range of two full octaves, including sharps and flats – together with the unique blend of chanter, drones, and regulators. The regulators are equipped with closed keys that can be opened by the piper's wrist action enabling the piper to play simple chords, giving a rhythmic and harmonic accompaniment as needed. There are also many ""ornaments"" based on multiple or single grace notes. The chanter can also be played staccato by resting the bottom of the chanter"
"bagpipes is the placement of the tenor drone alongside the chanter rather than in the same stock as the bass drone. In the northern regions of Occitania: Auvergne, is found the (generally) bellows blown ""cabreta"", and in Limousin the mouth blown ""chabreta"". The cabrette is much played in areas of Paris where Auvergnats tended to settle; this bagpipe is in most cases played without a drone, and together with an accordion. The chabrette, while having a similar name, is a quite different pipe, with a triple-bored bass drone played across the player's arm rather than over the shoulder. The form"
"tree, but today some of the pipes have been made of plastic, as it is cheaper and less difficult to make. Some sources indicate that the ""parkapzuk"" is single chantered, while others indicate it is double-chantered like the ""tulum"". Parkapzuk The parkapzuk () is a droneless, horn-belled bagpipe played in Armenia. The double-chanters each have five or six finger-holes, but the chanters are tuned slightly apart, giving a ""beat"" as the soundwaves of each interfere, resulting in a penetrating tone. Researchers in 1996 and 1997 noted they recorded one of the last active pipers of that time. The Parkapzuk is"
"Northumbrian smallpipes The Northumbrian smallpipes (also known as the Northumbrian pipes) are bellows-blown bagpipes from North East England, particularly Northumberland and Tyne and Wear. In a survey of the bagpipes in the Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford University, the organologist Anthony Baines wrote: ""It is perhaps the most civilized of the bagpipes, making no attempt to go farther than the traditional bagpipe music of melody over drone, but refining this music to the last degree."" The instrument consists of one chanter (generally with keys) and usually four drones. The cylindrically-bored chanter has a number of metal keys, most commonly seven, but"
"tunes in D major. The earliest bagpipe tunes from Northumberland, or indeed from anywhere in the British Isles, are found in William Dixon's manuscript from the 1730s. Some of these can be played on Border pipes or an open-ended smallpipe like the modern Scottish smallpipes, but about half the tunes have a single octave range and sound well on the single-octave, simple, keyless Northumbrian pipe chanter. These tunes are almost all extended variation sets on dance tunes in various rhythms – reels, jigs, compound triple-time tunes (now known as slip jigs), and triple-time hornpipes. At the beginning of the 19th"
"include the Spanish ""gaita gastoreña"", the Basque ""alboka"" and the Eastern European ""zhaleika"". When joined with a bag, Baines refers to the instruments as ""bag-hornpipes"". The traditional hornpipe has one or two narrow internal bores between 4 mm and 12 mm each, with one or two idioglot single-reeds respectively, similar to the bagpipe drone reed, which is sometimes surrounded by a cap made of horn or wood which is sealed with the players lips. The melody pipe(s) can have between 5 (pentatonic) and 8 finger holes (one of which may be a thumb hole) giving a first register range of"
"chanter (; Asturian: ""punteru"") with the left arm controlling the pressure inside the bag. The chanter has a double reed similar to a shawm or oboe, and a conical bore with seven finger-holes on the front. The bass drone (""ronco"" or ""roncón"") is situated on the player's left shoulder and is pitched two octaves below the key note of the chanter; it has a single reed. Some bagpipes have up to two more drones, including the ""ronquillo"" or ""ronquilla"", which sticks out from the bag and plays an octave above the ""ronco"", or the smaller ""chillón"". This two extra drones"
"(“guda”). The second is a yoked double-chante (""stviri""), terminating in a single horn bell, which makes the gudastviri a member of the hornpipe class of bagpipes. There is a small wooden blow-pipe (""khreko"") with a check-valve tied into one leg, or corner of the bag. A fixed round wooden stock holding the chanter, is tied into the bag, in the opposite foreleg, or corner. The chanter itself has two wooden pipes (""dedani"") of equal length, bore and wall thickness, which are inserted into the stock. The left chanter tube ""leader"" has the most finger holes, it is also called “teller”"
"Parkapzuk The parkapzuk () is a droneless, horn-belled bagpipe played in Armenia. The double-chanters each have five or six finger-holes, but the chanters are tuned slightly apart, giving a ""beat"" as the soundwaves of each interfere, resulting in a penetrating tone. Researchers in 1996 and 1997 noted they recorded one of the last active pipers of that time. The Parkapzuk is made of sheep or lamb skin, which has been gutted and hardened. The size of the 'bag', depends on the player's comfortable size. The pipes are made of wood. Wood was the original material, preferably wood from an apricot"
"bagpipes). The drum is struck either with the bare hand or with a lathe-turned piece of wood called a ""bone"", ""tipper"", ""beater"", or ""cipín"". Tippers were originally fashioned from a double-ended knuckle bone, but are now commonly made from ash, holly,or hickory wood. Brush-ended beaters, and a ""rim shot"" (striking the rim) technique for contrast, were introduced by Johnny McDonagh. The drum is usually played in a seated position, held vertically on the player's thigh and supported by his or her upper body and arm (usually on the left side, for a right-handed player), with the hand placed on the"
"Bagpipe, Scottish smallpipes, gaita, cornamuse, mediaeval bagpipes and hümmelchen. The programming allows different fingerings and tunings. The bag of the redpipe is stuffed with filling material and a pneumatically driven automatic valve that controls the pressure of the bag. By applying pressure with the arm the player can start and control the chanter and drones, as well as the overblowing function. The pressure that has to be applied to the bag can be adjusted, which allows players handicapped by age or physical restraints to play the instrument easily. The bag must be filled with air before starting to play, either"
"The bagpipes require finger articulations (""graces""), since direct tonguing is impossible. Tonguing Tonguing is a technique used with wind instruments to enunciate different notes using the tongue on the reed or woodwind mouthpiece or brass mouthpiece. A silent ""tee"" is made when the tongue strikes the reed or roof of the mouth causing a slight breach in the air flow through the instrument. If a more soft tone is desired, the syllable ""da"" (as in ""dou""ble) is preferred. The technique also works for whistling. Tonguing also refers to articulation, which is how a musician begins the note (punchy, legato, or"
"of tabor pipe in the Basque region is tuned ""tone, semitone, tone"", as in the pipe of Andalusia. The most common form in Provence is tuned ""tone, tone, tone"". The English tabor pipe is commonly tuned ""tone, tone, semitone"", and corresponds to the three lowest holes of a tinwhistle. Three-hole pipe The three-hole pipe, also commonly known as tabor pipe is a wind instrument designed to be played by one hand, leaving the other hand free to play a tabor drum, bell, psalterium or ""tambourin à cordes"", bones, triangle or other percussive instrument. The three-hole pipe's origins are not known,"
"Sac de gemecs The sac de gemecs (; literally ""bag of moans"", also known as buna in Andorra or coixinera , gaita or botella ) is a type of bagpipe found in Catalonia (eastern Spain spilling over into southern France). The instrument consists of a chanter, a mouthblown blowpipe, and three drones. The lowest drone (""bordó llarg"") plays a note two octaves below the tonic of the chanter. The middle drone (""bordó mitjà"") plays a fifth above the bass. The high drone (""bordó petit"") plays an octave below the chanter, thus one octave above the bass drone. The instrument figures"
"Pipe and tabor Pipe and tabor is a pair of instruments played by a single player, consisting of a three-hole pipe played with one hand, and a small drum played with the other. The tabor (drum) hangs on the performer's left arm or around the neck, leaving the hands free to beat the drum with a stick in the right hand and play the pipe with thumb and first two fingers of the left hand. The pipe is made out of wood, metal or plastic and consists of a cylindrical tube of narrow bore (1:40 diameter:length ratio) pierced with three"
"of 20 inches or greater are generally played with open fingering. Cornemuse du Centre The cornemuse du Centre France (or musette du Centre) (bagpipes of Central France) is a type of bagpipes native to Central France. They have two drones, one an octave below the tonic of the chanter, and the other two octaves below the tonic of the chanter. They can be found in the Bourbonnais, Berry, Nivernais, and Morvan regions of France and in different tonalities. The drones consist of two pieces of wood (three for the larger drone) that telescope into one another to tune the instrument."
"the Northumbrian smallpipe. Another variant of the chanter is the two-piped chanter (often called a double chanter). The chanter pipes may be designed to be played separately, one with each hand, or the two chanters may be played in unison (as in most Arabic bagpipes). One chanter may provide a drone accompaniment to the other, or the two chanters may play in a harmony of thirds and sixths (as in the southern Italian ""zampogna""). In pipes of the Carpathian basin up to five separate chanter bores may be placed in parallel within a single chanter assembly, providing both melodic and"
"Practice chanter The bagpipe practice chanter is a double reed woodwind instrument whose main function is as an adjunct to the Great Highland bagpipe. As its name implies, the practice chanter is used as a practice instrument, firstly for learning to finger the different melody notes of bagpipe music, and after the bagpipe is mastered to practice new music. The practice chanter is essentially a long, thin piece of wood or plastic (in two parts) with a small-diameter hole bored lengthwise through the centre. Air is directed into and through this bore hole and passes through a reed, the vibration"
"of his own design. The earliest known description of such an instrument in Britain is in the Talbot manuscript from about 1695. The descriptions of bagpipes mentioned in this early source are reproduced in One of these instruments was a bellows-blown 'Bagpipe, Scotch', with three drones, whose keyless chanter had a one-octave range from G to g, with each note being sounded by uncovering a single hole, as in the modern instrument. This seems to have been a closed-ended chanter, for the lowest note is sounded by uncovering the lowest finger-hole – there was no bell-note, sounding with all holes"
"Pipe organ The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air (called ""wind"") through the organ pipes selected via a keyboard. Because each pipe produces a single pitch, the pipes are provided in sets called ""ranks"", each of which has a common timbre and volume throughout the keyboard compass. Most organs have multiple ranks of pipes of differing timbre, pitch, and volume that the player can employ singly or in combination through the use of controls called stops. A pipe organ has one or more keyboards (called ""manuals"") played by the hands, and a pedalboard"
"form, and did not become merged with the bagpipe. Bladder pipe The Bladder pipe (""German"": Platerspiel or Blaterpfeife) is a medieval simplified bagpipe, consisting of an insufflation tube (blow pipe), a bladder (bag) and a chanter; sounded by a double reed, which is fitted into a reed seat at the top of the chanter. The reed, inside the inflated bladder, is sounded continuously, and cannot be tongued. Some bladder pipes were made with a single drone pipe, and reproductions are similar to a loud, continuous crumhorn. The chanter has an outside tenon, at the top, near the reed, which fits"
"cane blade lapped onto copper tubing set into motion when wind is fed by arm pressure on a goat-skin bag. The pipe is held in a wooden socket tied into the bag, which is inflated by the mouth (through a blowpipe with a leather nonreturn valve). The finger holes of the pipe, or chanter, play melodies while the remaining pipes, or drones, sound single notes tuned against the chanter by means of extendable joints. Koza A Koza (meaning ""goat"") is the generic term for one of five basic types of bagpipes used in Polish folk music. The koza comes from"
"regulators at once if so desired. Many airs end a section on a G or A in the first octave, at which point a piper will often play one of these hand chords for dramatic effect. The chanter is the part of the uilleann pipes that is used to play the melody. It has eight finger holes (example given of a D pitched chanter): bottom D, E, E, F, G, A, B, C, C, high D (also called ""back D""). To achieve the bottom D (D) the chanter is lifted off the knee, exposing the exit of the chanter's bore,"
"note. The pipes are generally equipped with three drones: the tenor drone, as the highest sounding pipe, which is pitched the same as the lowest note of the chanter; the baritone drone pitched one octave below that; and the bass drone, as the lowest sounding pipe, two octaves below the bottom note of the chanter. The Pastoral pipes had four drones: these three plus one more that would play a harmony note at the fourth or fifth interval. These drones are connected to the pipe bag by a ""stock"". This is an intricately made wooden cylinder tied into the bag"
"Redpipe The redpipe is a brand of electronic bagpipes, an electronic musical instrument made to emulate the sound and characteristics of the bagpipe. In contrast with many other electronic bagpipes which are based solely on a bagpipe chanter, redpipes feature a pressure-sensitive bag in emulation of a bagpipe's bag. ""Redpipes"" consists of a chanter which, instead of finger-holes, is equipped with sensors that identify the position of the fingers. These sensors transfer signals to microprocessors inside the bag of the instrument. The software implemented in the redpipe stores the different sounds of a variety of bagpipes, including the Great Highland"
"largest manufacturers of tabor pipes today is the Kelischeck Workshop, in North Carolina, makers of the Susato line of instruments. A similar tradition existed in the United States of playing the panpipes together with a tambourine. Pipe and tabor Pipe and tabor is a pair of instruments played by a single player, consisting of a three-hole pipe played with one hand, and a small drum played with the other. The tabor (drum) hangs on the performer's left arm or around the neck, leaving the hands free to beat the drum with a stick in the right hand and play the"