In which decade did W B Yeats and G B Shaw win the Nobel Prize for Literature?
"research CERN, commented in a scientific meet in Kolkata titled ""Frontiers of Science"" that ""it is unfortunate that pioneering Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose did not win the Nobel Prize for work on quantum physics in the 1920s that provided the foundation of the Bose–Einstein statistics and the theory of the Bose–Einstein condensate"". Albert Einstein's 1921 Nobel Prize Award mainly recognized his 1905 discovery of the mechanism of the photoelectric effect and ""for his services to Theoretical Physics"". The Nobel committee passed on several nominations for his many other seminal contributions, although these led to prizes for others who later"
"as an Irish Senator for two terms. Yeats was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival. In 1923 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, the first Irishman so honoured. Yeats is generally considered one of the few writers who completed their greatest works after being awarded the Nobel Prize: these works include ""The Tower"" (1928) and ""The Winding Stair and Other Poems"" (1929). In addition to W. B. Yeats other important early modernist poets were the American poets T. S. Eliot (1888–1965) and Ezra Pound (1885–1972). Eliot became a British citizen in 1927 but was born and"
"in the last decade of the nineteenth-century, while Synge's plays belong to the first decade of the twentieth-century. Synge's most famous play, ""The Playboy of the Western World"", ""caused outrage and riots when it was first performed"" in Dublin in 1907. George Bernard Shaw turned the Edwardian theatre into an arena for debate about important political and social issues. Novelists who are not considered modernists include H. G. Wells (1866–1946), John Galsworthy (1867–1933), (Nobel Prize in Literature, 1932) whose works include ""The Forsyte Saga"" (1906–21), and E.M. Forster's (1879–1970), though Forster's work is ""frequently regarded as containing both modernist and"
"influenced by the Pre-Raphaelites and made use of Irish ""peasant folk traditions and ancient Celtic myth"" in his early poetry. Subsequently, however, he was drawn to the ""intellectually more vigorous"" poetry of John Donne, along with Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot, and became one of the greatest 20th-century modernist poets. Though Yeats was an Anglo-Irish Protestant he was deeply affected by the Easter Rising of 1916 and supported the independence of Ireland. He received the Nobel Prize for literature in 1923 and was a member of the Irish Senate from 1922–28. A group of early 20th-century Irish poets worth"
"W. B. Yeats. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, and a member of the British Academy, the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and the American Philosophical Society. Wood was born in Lincoln, England. He obtained his BA in 1957 in French and German from St John's College, Cambridge, and his PhD in 1962, also from Cambridge, for a thesis entitled ""The Dramatic Function of Symbol in Maeterlinck and Claudel"". Wood lives in New Jersey with his wife, Elena Wood Uribe, and has three children: Gaby Wood, the literary director of the Man Booker Prize, Patrick"
"late nineteenth-century novelist, Henry James (1843–1916), continued to publish major novels into the twentieth-century, including ""The Golden Bowl"" (1904). Polish-born modernist novelist Joseph Conrad (1857–1924) published his first important works, ""Heart of Darkness"", in 1899 and ""Lord Jim"" in 1900. However, the Victorian Gerard Manley Hopkins's (1844–1889) highly original poetry was not published until 1918, long after his death, while the career of another major modernist poet, Irishman W.B. Yeats (1865–1939), began late in the Victorian era. Yeats was one of the foremost figures of twentieth-century English literature. But while modernism was to become an important literary movement in the"
"responsible for the establishment of the literary movement known as the Celtic Revival. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1923. Apart from Yeats, much of the impetus for the Celtic Revival came from the work of scholarly translators who were aiding in the discovery of both the ancient sagas and Ossianic poetry and the more recent folk song tradition in Irish. One of the most significant of these was Douglas Hyde, later the first President of Ireland, whose ""Love Songs of Connacht"" was widely admired. In the 1910s, Yeats became acquainted with the work of James Joyce, and"
"George Bernard Shaw George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950), known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist and political activist. His influence on Western theatre, culture and politics extended from the 1880s to his death and beyond. He wrote more than sixty plays, including major works such as ""Man and Superman"" (1902), ""Pygmalion"" (1912)"" and Saint Joan"" (1923). With a range incorporating both contemporary satire and historical allegory, Shaw became the leading dramatist of his generation, and in 1925 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Born in Dublin, Shaw"
"Irish rare books and manuscripts in the Western Hemisphere. Dr. Robert K. O'Neill was appointed the first Burns Librarian and over his 26-year career assembled some of the most significant library and archival collections pertaining to the four Irish authors who have thus far been awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature: William Butler Yeats (1923), George Bernard Shaw (1925), Samuel Beckett (1969), and Seamus Heaney (1995). Other notable holdings include the archives of Northern Ireland photojournalist Bobbie Hanvey, comprising more than 75,000 images not only of the paramilitary conﬂicts and daily life during the decades of ""The Troubles"" but also"
"Polish-born modernist novelist Joseph Conrad (1857–1924) published his first important work, ""Heart of Darkness"", in 1899 and ""Lord Jim"" in 1900. The American exponent of Naturalism Theodore Dreiser's (1871–1945) ""Sister Carrie"" was also published in 1900. However, the Victorian Gerard Manley Hopkins's (1844–89) highly original poetry was not published until 1918, long after his death, while the career of another major modernist poet, Irishman W. B. Yeats (1865–1939), began late in the Victorian era. Yeats was one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. A pillar of both the Irish and British literary establishments, in his later years he served"
"1950s, Clarke, returning to poetry after a long absence, turned to a much more personal style and wrote many satires on Irish society and religious practices. Irish poetic Modernism took its lead not from Yeats but from Joyce. The 1930s saw the emergence of a generation of writers who engaged in experimental writing as a matter of course. The best-known of these is Samuel Beckett (1906–1989), who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1969. Beckett's poetry, while not inconsiderable, is not what he is best known for. The most significant of the second generation Modernist Irish poets who first"
"W. B. Yeats William Butler Yeats (13 June 186528 January 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. A pillar of the Irish literary establishment, he helped to found the Abbey Theatre, and in his later years served as a Senator of the Irish Free State for two terms. He was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival along with Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn and others. Yeats was born in Sandymount, Ireland and educated there and in London. He spent childhood holidays in County Sligo and studied poetry from an early age when"
"1913. In the century's first decade, poetry still had a large audience; volumes of verse published in that time included Thomas Hardy's ""The Dynasts"", Christina Rossetti's posthumous ""Poetical Works"", Ernest Dowson's ""Poems"", George Meredith's ""Last Poems"", Robert Service's ""Ballads of a Cheechako"" and John Masefield's ""Ballads and Poems"". Future Nobel Prize winner William Butler Yeats was devoting much of his energy to the Abbey Theatre and writing for the stage, producing relatively little lyric poetry during this period. In 1907, the Nobel Prize for Literature was awarded to Rudyard Kipling. The origins of Imagism are to be found in two"
"writers as Charles Kickham, William Carleton, and (in collaboration) Edith Somerville and Violet Florence Martin. The playwright and poet Oscar Wilde, noted for his epigrams, was born in Ireland. In the 20th century, Ireland produced four winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature: George Bernard Shaw, William Butler Yeats, Samuel Beckett and Seamus Heaney. Although not a Nobel Prize winner, James Joyce is widely considered to be one of the most significant writers of the 20th century. Joyce's 1922 novel ""Ulysses"" is considered one of the most important works of Modernist literature and his life is celebrated annually on 16"
"were similar to Claudel's. As with Eliot, even those who dislike Claudel's religious and political beliefs, have generally admitted his genius as a writer. The British poet W. H. Auden, at that time a left-leaning agnostic, acknowledged the importance of Paul Claudel in his famous poem ""In Memory of W. B. Yeats"" (1939). Writing about Yeats, Auden says in lines 52–55: Jean-Charles de Castelbajac wrote a song ""La soeur de Paul"" pour Mareva Galanter/2010. George Steiner, in ""The Death of Tragedy"", calls him one of the three ""masters of drama"" in the twentieth century. Paul Claudel was elected to the"
"Joyce creates parallels with Homer's epic poem the Odyssey. William Faulkner's ""The Sound and the Fury"" (1929) is another significant modernist novel, that uses the stream of consciousness technique. Novelists who are not considered modernists include: Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936) who was also a successful poet; H. G. Wells (1866–1946); John Galsworthy (1867–1933), (Nobel Prize in Literature, 1932) whose works include a sequence of novels, collectively called ""The Forsyte Saga"" (1906–21); Arnold Bennett (1867–1931) author of ""The Old Wives' Tale"" (1908); G. K. Chesterton (1874–1936); and E.M. Forster's (1879–1970), though Forster's work is ""frequently regarded as containing both modernist and Victorian"
"the world of vision rather than the world of reality. The Tower (poetry collection) The Tower is a book of poems by W. B. Yeats, published in 1928. ""The Tower"" was Yeats's first major collection as Nobel Laureate after receiving the Nobel Prize in 1923. It is considered to be one of the poet's most influential volumes and was well received by the public. The title, which the book shares with the second poem, refers to Ballylee Castle, a Norman tower which Yeats purchased and restored in 1917. Yeats Gaelicized the name to Thoor Ballyllee, and it has retained the"
"pencil or a pen, writing only on a simple sheet of paper and when the person's eyes are shut. Also, the gifted and talented wife, is playing in Yeats's poem as ""a gift"" herself, given only allegedly by the caliph to the Christian and Byzantine philosopher Qusta Ibn Luqa, who acts in the poem as a personification of W. B. Yeats. In July 1934 he was asked by Louis Lambert, while in a tour in the United States, which six books satisfied him most. The list that he gave placed the Arabian Nights, secondary only to William Shakespeare's works. Modern"
"fine writers who, like Thomas Hardy, were not modernists. Novelists include: Rudyard Kipling (1865–1936), who was also a successful poet; H. G. Wells (1866–1946); John Galsworthy (1867–1933), (Nobel Prize in Literature, 1932), whose novels include ""The Forsyte Saga"" (1906–21); Arnold Bennett (1867–1931) author of ""The Old Wives' Tale"" (1908); G. K. Chesterton (1874–1936); E.M. Forster (1879–1970). The most popular British writer of the early years of the 20th century was arguably Rudyard Kipling, a highly versatile writer of novels, short stories and poems, and to date the youngest ever recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature (1907). H. G. Wells"
"Dalloway"" (1925), ""To the Lighthouse"" (1927), and ""The Waves"" (1931). Her essay collection ""A Room of One's Own"" (1929) contains her famous dictum; ""A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction"". But while modernism was to become an important literary movement in the early decades of the new century, there were also many fine novelists who were not modernists. This include E.M. Forster ((1879–1970), John Galsworthy ((1867–1933) (Nobel Prize in Literature, 1932), whose novels include ""The Forsyte Saga"", Arnold Bennett (1867–1931) author of ""The Old Wives' Tale"", and H. G. Wells"
"common critical view from the 1930s onward ranked him as one of the three major twentieth-century British poets, and heir to Eliot and Yeats. New poets starting their careers in the 1950s and 1960s include Philip Larkin (1922–85) (""The Whitsun Weddings"", 1964), Ted Hughes (1930–98) (""The Hawk in the Rain"", 1957) and Irishman (Northern Ireland) Seamus Heaney (1939–2013) (""Death of a Naturalist"", 1966). Northern Ireland has also produced a number of other significant poets, including Derek Mahon and Paul Muldoon. In the 1960s and 1970s Martian poetry aimed to break the grip of 'the familiar', by describing ordinary things in"
"storytelling and the biting edge of his satire in works such as ""An Béal Bocht"". Samuel Beckett, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1969, is one of the great figures in 20th-century world literature. Perhaps best known for his plays, he also wrote works of fiction, including ""Watt"" (1953) and his trilogy ""Molloy"" (1951), ""Malone Dies"" (1956) and ""The Unnamable"" (1960), all three of which were first written, and published, in French. The big house novel prospered into the 20th century, and Aidan Higgins' (1927–2015) first novel ""Langrishe, Go Down"" (1966) is an experimental example of the ""genre""."
"playwright now stands outside the gallery entrance. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925. A sea change in the history of the Irish theatre came with the establishment in Dublin in 1899 of the Irish Literary Theatre by W. B. Yeats, Lady Gregory, George Moore and Edward Martyn. This was followed by the Irish National Theatre Society, later to become the Abbey Theatre. The history of this theatre is well documented, and its importance can be seen from the list of writers whose plays were first performed here in the early days of the 20th century. These included"
"were between the Victorian era, with its strict classicism, and Modernism, with its strident rejection of pure aestheticism. Edward Thomas (1878–1917) is sometimes treated as another Georgian poet. Thomas enlisted in 1915 and is one of the First World War poets along with Wilfred Owen (1893–1918), Rupert Brooke (1887–1915), Isaac Rosenberg (1890–1917), Edmund Blunden (1896–1974) and Siegfried Sassoon (1886–1967). Irish playwrights George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950) and J.M. Synge (1871–1909) were influential in British drama. Shaw's career began in the last decade of the 19th century, while Synge's plays belong to the first decade of the 20th century. Synge's most famous"
"published ""Finnegans Wake"", in which he creates a special language to express the consciousness of a dreaming character. It was also in 1939 that another Irish modernist poet, W.B. Yeats, died. British poet W.H. Auden (1907–1973) was another significant modernist in the 1930s. Though some have seen modernism ending by around 1939, with regard to English literature, ""When (if) modernism petered out and postmodernism began has been contested almost as hotly as when the transition from Victorianism to modernism occurred"". In fact a number of modernists were still living and publishing in the 1950s and 1960, including T.S. Eliot, Dorothy"
"'52). Novelist and short-story writer Joyce Carol Oates received the award in 2003, while poet Seamus Heaney won it in 2004. The 2005 honorees were Umberto Eco, the novelist, and Roger Angell, the New Yorker fiction editor and baseball writer. In 2006 Ian McEwan received the award; Margaret Atwood followed in 2007. In 2009 Louise Erdrich was honored, and in 2010 poet W.S. Merwin received the award. Historian, essayist and critic Simon Schama was the winner in 2011. Author and human rights advocate Elie Wiesel received the honor in 2012. In 2013 the poet Carl Phillips received the award, followed"
"anthologies of poetry. In 1973 Rosenthal was one of the signers of the Humanist Manifesto II. M. L. Rosenthal died on July 21, 1996. Macha Rosenthal Macha Louis Rosenthal (March 14, 1917 – July 21, 1996) was an American poet, critic, editor, and teacher. The W. B. Yeats Society of New York renamed their award for achievement in Yeats studies the M. L. Rosenthal Award after Rosenthal's death. His 1959 essay, ""Poetry as Confession"", is credited with being the first application of the term 'confession' to the writing of poetry and therefore for the naming of the confessional poetry movement."
"presented only a limited challenge to theatre. But by the end of the 1920s, films like ""The Jazz Singer"" could be presented with synchronized sound, and critics wondered if the cinema would replace live theatre altogether. Some dramatists wrote for the new medium, but playwriting continued. Irish playwrights George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950) and J. M. Synge (1871–1909) were influential in British drama. Shaw's career began in the last decade of the nineteenth-century and he wrote more than 60 plays. Synge's plays belong to the first decade of the twentieth century. Synge's most famous play, ""The Playboy of the Western World"","
"other as the greatest novelist ever. In the second half of the century Anton Chekhov excelled in writing short stories and became perhaps the leading dramatist internationally of his period. American literature also progressed with the development of a distinct voice: Mark Twain produced his masterpieces Tom Sawyer and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. In Irish Literature, the Anglo-Irish tradition produced Bram Stoker and Oscar Wilde writing in English and a Gaelic Revival had emerged by the end of the 19th century. The poetry of William Butler Yeats prefigured the emergence of the 20th-century Irish literary giants James Joyce, Samuel Beckett"
"is commemorated in Sligo town by a statue, created in 1989 by sculptor Ronan Gillespie. It was erected outside the Ulster Bank, at the corner of Stephen Street and Markievicz Road, on the 50th anniversary of the poet’s death. Yeats had remarked, on receiving his Nobel Prize that the Royal Palace in Stockholm ""resembled the Ulster Bank in Sligo"". Across the river is the Yeats Memorial Building, home to the Sligo Yeats Society. W. B. Yeats William Butler Yeats (13 June 186528 January 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th-century literature. A pillar of"
"the literary technique known as ""stream of consciousness"", best exemplified in his famous work ""Ulysses"". Joyce also wrote ""Finnegans Wake"", ""Dubliners"", and the semi-autobiographical ""A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man"". ""Ulysses"", often considered to be the greatest novel of the 20th century, is the story of a day in the life of a city, Dublin. ""Finnegans Wake"" is written in an invented language which parodies English, Irish and Latin. Samuel Beckett (1906–1989), who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1969, was born in Dublin but later moved to France. He wrote thereafter in French and English."
"best known of these is Samuel Beckett (1906–1989), who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1969. Beckett's poetry, while not inconsiderable, is not what he is best known for. The most significant of the second generation Modernist Irish poets who first published in the 1920s and 1930s include Brian Coffey (1905–1995), Denis Devlin (1908–1959), Thomas MacGreevy (1893–1967), Blanaid Salkeld (1880–1959), and Mary Devenport O'Neill (1879–1967). While Yeats and his followers wrote about an essentially aristocratic Gaelic Ireland, the reality was that the actual Ireland of the 1930s and 1940s was a society of small farmers and shopkeepers. Inevitably, a"
"its medieval revivalism. Arthur Clough (1819–1861) and George Meredith (1828–1909) are two other important minor poets of this era. Towards the end of the 19th century, English poets began to take an interest in French Symbolism and Victorian poetry entered a decadent ""fin-de-siècle"" phase. Two groups of poets emerged in the 1890s, the ""Yellow Book"" poets who adhered to the tenets of Aestheticism, including Algernon Charles Swinburne, Oscar Wilde and Arthur Symons and the Rhymers' Club group, that included Ernest Dowson, Lionel Johnson and Irishman William Butler Yeats. Yeats went on to become an important modernist in the 20th century."