The Bodleian Library, one of the oldest libraries in Europe, is the main research library of which seminal institution?
"Bodleian Law Library The Bodleian Law Library (BLL) is an academic library in Oxford, England. It is part of Oxford University, the Bodleian Libraries and is also the library of the Faculty of Law. It is situated in part of the Grade II*-listed St Cross Building on St Cross Road in the parish of Holywell, on the corner of Manor Road. The library is one of the largest open-access law libraries in Europe. Opened in 1964, it now contains over 450,000 volumes on 16,000 linear metres of shelving, and is housed in purpose-built library accommodation designed by the distinguished architects"
"after the British Library. The Bodleian is a legal deposit library, which means that it is entitled to request a free copy of every book published in the UK. As such, its collection is growing at a rate of over three miles (five kilometres) of shelving every year. The buildings referred to as the university's main research library, The Bodleian, consist of the original Bodleian Library in the Old Schools Quadrangle, founded by Sir Thomas Bodley in 1598 and opened in 1602, the Radcliffe Camera, the Clarendon Building, and the Weston Library. A tunnel underneath Broad Street connects these buildings,"
"were common.Thomas Bodley founded the Bodleian Library, which was open to the ""whole republic of the learned"", Norwich City library was established in 1608, and the British Library was established in 1753. Chetham's Library in Manchester, which claims to be the oldest public library in the English-speaking world, opened in 1653. Other early town libraries of the UK include those of Ipswich (1612), Bristol (founded in 1613 and opened in 1615), and Leicester (1632). Shrewsbury School also opened its library to townsfolk. The Mazarine Library and the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève were founded in Paris, the Austrian National Library in Vienna, the"
"Duke Humfrey's Library Duke Humfrey's Library is the oldest reading room in the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford. Until 2015, it functioned primarily as a reading room for maps, music, and pre-1641 rare books; following the opening of the new Weston Library, it is now an additional reading room for all users of the Bodleian, as the Weston Library operates reading room for special collections. It consists of the original medieval section (1487), the Arts End (1612), and the Selden End (1637). It houses collections of maps, music, Western manuscripts, and theology and arts materials. It is the"
"the Bodleian Library which is recognised as holding one of the foremost collections of modern political papers in Britain, including the private papers of six British Prime Ministers. The cost of maintaining the Archive at the Bodleian is borne entirely by the Conservative Party Archive Trust, an educational charity, which raises funds from private donors; no financial support is received from the Conservative Party. While the oldest papers in the Archive date back to 1867, sadly many records were lost during the wars, and a number of moves by Conservative Central Office led to the destruction of still more, particularly"
"Dublin, and the National Library of Wales. The London-based Copyright Agency became the Edinburgh-based Agency for the Legal Deposit Libraries in 2009. US-based Google Inc. began scanning pages of Bodleian Library volumes in 2005, as part of its new Google Books Library Project. Books in the United Kingdom As of 2018, seven firms in the United Kingdom rank among the world's biggest publishers of books in terms of revenue: Bloomsbury, Cambridge University Press, Informa, Oxford University Press, Pearson, Quarto, and RELX Group. In 1477 William Caxton in Westminster printed ""The Dictes or Sayengis of the Philosophres,"" considered ""the first dated"
"hosted by the Bodleian Group include the ""Electronic Enlightenment Project"", which was awarded the 2010 Digital Prize by the British Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies. Oxford maintains a number of museums and galleries, open for free to the public. The Ashmolean Museum, founded in 1683, is the oldest museum in the UK, and the oldest university museum in the world. It holds significant collections of art and archaeology, including works by Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Turner, and Picasso, as well as treasures such as the Scorpion Macehead, the Parian Marble and the Alfred Jewel. It also contains ""The Messiah"", a pristine"
"walls on either side with integral readers' desks. The ceiling consists of panels painted with the arms of the university. Duke Humfrey's Library Duke Humfrey's Library is the oldest reading room in the Bodleian Library at the University of Oxford. Until 2015, it functioned primarily as a reading room for maps, music, and pre-1641 rare books; following the opening of the new Weston Library, it is now an additional reading room for all users of the Bodleian, as the Weston Library operates reading room for special collections. It consists of the original medieval section (1487), the Arts End (1612), and"
"Bodley's Librarian The head of the Bodleian Library, the main library at the University of Oxford, is known as Bodley's Librarian: Sir Thomas Bodley, as founder, gave his name to both the institution and the position. Although there had been a university library at Oxford since about 1320, it had declined by the end of the 16th century. It was ""denuded"" of its books in 1550 in the time of King Edward VI when ""superstitious books and images"" that did not comply with the prevailing Anglican view were removed. Poor management and inadequate financial resources have also been blamed for"
"a new John Lewis department store and a number of new homes. It opened in October 2017. Blackwell's Bookshop is a large bookshop which claims the largest single room devoted to book sales in the whole of Europe, the cavernous Norrington Room (10,000 sq ft). The University of Oxford maintains the largest university library system in the UK, and, with over 11 million volumes housed on of shelving, the Bodleian group is the second-largest library in the UK, after the British Library. The Bodleian is a legal deposit library, which means that it is entitled to request a free copy"
"English College, the Pontifical North American College, the Scots College, and the Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome. Rome's major libraries include: the Biblioteca Angelica, opened in 1604, making it Italy's first public library; the Biblioteca Vallicelliana, established in 1565; the Biblioteca Casanatense, opened in 1701; the National Central Library, one of the two national libraries in Italy, which contains 4,126,002 volumes; The Biblioteca del Ministero degli Affari Esteri, specialised in diplomacy, foreign affairs and modern history; the Biblioteca dell'Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana; the Biblioteca Don Bosco, one of the largest and most modern of all Salesian libraries; the Biblioteca e"
"(Oxford Libraries Information System), the Bodleian Libraries' online union catalogue. Much of the library's archives were digitized and put online for public access in 2015. The Bodleian Library occupies a group of five buildings near Broad Street: the 15th-century Duke Humfrey's Library, the 17th-century Schools Quadrangle, the 18th-century Clarendon Building and Radcliffe Camera, and the 20th and 21st-century Weston Library. Since the 19th century a number of underground stores have been built, while the principal off-site storage area is located at South Marston on the edge of Swindon. Before being granted access to the library, new readers are required to"
"documents. Tianyi Chamber, founded in 1561 by Fan Qin during the Ming Dynasty, is the oldest existing library in China. In its heyday it boasted a collection of 70,000 volumes of antique books. The 17th and 18th centuries include what is known as a golden age of libraries; during this some of the more important libraries were founded in Europe. Francis Trigge Chained Library of St. Wulfram's Church, Grantham, Lincolnshire was founded in 1598 by the rector of nearby Welbourne. Thomas Bodley founded the Bodleian Library, which was open to the ""whole republic of the learned"", Norwich City library was"
"Philip Gaskell, Ronald Brunlees McKerrow, and Alfred W. Pollard. The Antiquarian Booksellers Association formed in 1906, and the Provincial Booksellers Fairs Association in 1972. The University of Oxford's Bodleian Library was founded in 1602. The British Library was formally established in 1973, its collection previously part of the British Museum (est. 1753). The Legal Deposit Libraries Act 2003 stipulates that the British Library receives a copy of every printed work published in the United Kingdom. Five other libraries are entitled to copies: Cambridge University Library, University of Oxford's Bodleian Library, the National Library of Scotland, the Library of Trinity College,"
"their energy to perform their duties to the fullest extent. Gottfried Leibniz upheld that the librarian was the most important factor in the aid of learning. He is credited as including science texts in addition to conventional literature within library collections. Another key figure of this time was Sir Thomas Bodley, who gave up his career as a diplomat and established Oxford's Bodleian library. He is credited as creating the first functional library of modern times. Subsequent librarians following Bodley were called ""Protobibliothecarius Bodleianus"", Bodley's Librarian. They would earn £40 a year. The ideas formed with these librarians continued to"
"libraries, as well as the libraries of individual colleges and other faculty libraries, which are not members of the group but do share cataloguing information. A new book depository opened in South Marston, Swindon in October 2010, and recent building projects include the remodelling of the New Bodleian building, which was renamed the Weston Library when it reopened in 2015. The renovation is designed to better showcase the library's various treasures (which include a Shakespeare First Folio and a Gutenberg Bible) as well as temporary exhibitions. The Bodleian engaged in a mass-digitisation project with Google in 2004. Notable electronic resources"
"reference is made to a deed of that date by which it was ""appointed that all who wish to enter for the sake of instruction shall have 'free access and recess' at certain times"". In the early years of the 17th century, many famous collegiate and town libraries were founded in England. Norwich City library was established in 1608 (six years after Thomas Bodley founded the Bodleian Library, which was open to the ""whole republic of the learned"") and Chetham's Library in Manchester, which claims to be the oldest public library in the English-speaking world, opened in 1653. Claude Sallier,"
"are substituted for the originals whenever possible. The library has a close relationship with the Oxford Digital Library, which is in the process of digitising some of the many rare and unusual items in the University's collection. The head of the Bodleian Library is known as ""Bodley's Librarian"". The first librarian, Thomas James, was selected by Bodley in 1599, and the university confirmed James in his post in 1602. Bodley wanted his librarian to be ""some one that is noted and known for a diligent Student, and in all his conversation to be trusty, active, and discreet, a graduate also"
"Musaeum The Musaeum or Mouseion at Alexandria (), which included the famous Library of Alexandria, was an institution founded by Ptolemy I Soter or, perhaps more likely, by his son Ptolemy II Philadelphus. This original ""Musaeum"" (""Institution of the Muses"") was the home of music or poetry, a philosophical school and library such as Plato's Academy, also a storehouse of texts. It did not have a collection of works of art, rather it was an institution that brought together some of the best scholars of the Hellenistic world, analogous to a modern university. This original ""Musaeum"" was the source for"
"catalogued on OLIS, the Oxford University library catalogue. Anyone wishing to use the library must either be a student at the University of Oxford, or obtain a reader's card from the Bodleian Library. The library's reading room was closed on September 10, 2010. To access the books, readers have to request their delivery to other reading rooms of the Bodleian library. Indian Institute Library The Indian Institute Library is a dependent library of the Bodleian and part of the University of Oxford in Oxford, England. Opened in 1886, the library specialises in the history and culture of South Asia, Tibet"
"Bibliothèque Mazarine The Bibliothèque Mazarine, or Mazarin Library, is located within the ""Palais de l'institut de France"", or the Palace of the Institute of France (previously the Collège des Quatre-Nations of the University of Paris), at 23 quai de Conti in the 6th arrondissement, on the Left Bank of the Seine facing the Pont des Arts and the Louvre. Originally created by Cardinal Mazarin as his personal library in the 17th century, it today has one of the richest collections of rare books and manuscripts in France, and is the oldest public library in the country. The founder of the"
"company limited by guarantee incorporated in England, under English law. Today, it is the leading academic Jewish studies centre in Europe. Its Fellows and Lecturers provide courses in Hebrew and Jewish studies for undergraduates and postgraduates up to doctoral level in many faculties within the University of Oxford. The Centre also promotes Jewish studies based on the Bodleian Library’s Hebrew and Jewish collections by supporting research, by development projects, and by shared staffing with the Centre’s Leopold Muller Memorial Library. The Centre's library is named the Leopold Muller Memorial Library. It is housed in the basement of the Clarendon Institute."
"Jagiellonian Library Jagiellonian Library (, popular nickname ""Jagiellonka"") is the library of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków and with almost 6.7 million volumes, one of the biggest libraries in Poland, serving as a public library, university library and part of the Polish national library system. It has a large collection of medieval manuscripts, for example Copernicus' ""De Revolutionibus"" and Jan Długosz's ""Banderia Prutenorum"", and a large collection of underground literature (so-called ""drugi obieg"" or samizdat) from the period of communist rule in Poland (1945–1989). The Jagiellonian also houses the ""Berlinka"" art collection, whose legal status is in dispute with Germany."
"building is now the Oxford Martin School of the University of Oxford, the History Faculty having moved to the old City of Oxford School building on George Street and its library to the Bodleian site. The Indian Institute Library opened in 1886. It became a dependent library of the Bodleian Library, the main library of the University, in 1927. It specialises in the history and culture of South Asia, especially the Himalayas and Tibet. The library was formerly located in the Indian Institute building, but was moved to the top floor of the New Bodleian Library. The Museum was an"
"Bodley Medal The Bodley Medal is awarded by the Bodleian Library at Oxford University to individuals who have made ""outstanding contributions ... to the worlds of communications and literature"" and who have helped the library achieve ""the vision of its founder, Sir Thomas Bodley, to be a library not just to Oxford University but also to the world"". The medal's obverse shows the right profile of Thomas Bodley and bears the Latin inscription ""TH BODLY EQ AVR PVBL BIBLIOTH OXON FVNDATOR"", which translates ""Sir Thomas Bodley, Founder of the Public Library at Oxford"". The reverse reads ""R P LITERARIAE AETERNITAS"","
"current librarian, Richard Ovenden, was appointed in 2014. The librarians' affiliations with the colleges of the University of Oxford are given, marked with (A) for alumni and (F) for Fellows of the college. Bodley's Librarian The head of the Bodleian Library, the main library at the University of Oxford, is known as Bodley's Librarian: Sir Thomas Bodley, as founder, gave his name to both the institution and the position. Although there had been a university library at Oxford since about 1320, it had declined by the end of the 16th century. It was ""denuded"" of its books in 1550 in"
"with the Gladstone Link, which opened to readers in 2011, connecting the Old Bodleian and Radcliffe Camera. The Bodleian Libraries group was formed in 2000, bringing the Bodleian Library and some of the subject libraries together. It now comprises 28 libraries, a number of which have been created by bringing previously separate collections together, including the Sackler Library, Social Science Library and Radcliffe Science Library. Another major product of this collaboration has been a joint integrated library system, OLIS (Oxford Libraries Information System), and its public interface, SOLO (Search Oxford Libraries Online), which provides an electronic catalogue covering all member"
"Russian books in the Taylorian and Bodleian Libraries and the creation in the Bodleian of the only specialised Slavonic reading room in the country. He believed that it was these library collections along with a group of Russian academic teachers recruited by Serge Konovalov, Maurice Bowra, and Isaiah Berlin, that led to the establishment of Oxford as the only centre for Slavonic studies in England. John Simmons remained an important figure in the field of Slavonics right to his death in September 2005. His Sandars lectures, given in Cambridge in 1974 are still the only serious English-language history of Russian"
"Bodmer Library The Bodmer Foundation (French: ""Fondation Bodmer"") is a library and museum specialised in manuscripts and precious editions. It is located in Cologny, Switzerland just outside Geneva. Also known as Bibliotheca Bodmeriana (or Bodmer Library), it is a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The library was established by Martin Bodmer and is famous as the home of the Bodmer Papyri. Some of these papyri are among the oldest remaining copies of the New Testament. Some manuscripts are written in Greek, others in Coptic (e.g. ""Papyrus Bodmer III""). The first of the manuscripts was purchased in 1956 (""Papyrus Bodmer"
"the emblem of the Bodleian Library. Duke Humfrey's Library is named after Humphrey of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Gloucester, a younger son of Henry IV of England. He was a connoisseur of literature and commissioned translations of classical works from Greek into Latin. When he died in 1447, he donated his collection of 281 books to the University of Oxford. At the time, this was considered an incredibly generous donation since the university only had 20 books. All classes back then were taught via oral lectures. Books were hand written at the time and were only for the extremely wealthy."
"all the French editions of Voltaire's Candide printed in 1759, the year of first publication. The Taylorian also owns one of the only two known copies of the first edition of Benjamin Constant's ""Adolphe"". Taylor Institution The Taylor Institution (commonly known as the Taylorian) is the Oxford University library dedicated to the study of the European Languages. Its building also includes lecture rooms used by the Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages, University of Oxford. Since 1889 a prestigious Annual Lecture on a subject of Foreign Literature has been given at the Taylorian Institution. The Taylor Institution was established in"
"the 1480s. The building is physically attached to the Bodleian Library (with Duke Humfrey's Library on the first floor above it the Bodleian Library), and is opposite the Sheldonian Theatre where students matriculate and graduate. At the far end from the Bodleian Library entrance, a door leads to Convocation House (built 1634–7). Divinity School, Oxford The Divinity School is a medieval building and room in the Perpendicular style in Oxford, England, part of the University of Oxford. Built between 1427 and 1483, it is the oldest surviving purpose-built building for university use, specifically for lectures, oral exams and discussions on"
"National Libraries system. It is home to a world-renowned collection of medieval manuscripts, which includes Copernicus' ""De Revolutionibus"" and the ""Balthasar Behem Codex"". The library also has an extensive collection of underground political literature (so-called ""drugi obieg"" or ""samizdat"") from Poland's period of Communist rule between 1945 and 1989. The beginning of the Jagiellonian Library is traditionally considered the same as that of the entire university – in 1364; however, instead of having one central library it had several smaller branches at buildings of various departments (the largest collection was in ""Collegium Maius"", where works related to theology and liberal"