Sid Weighell, Jimmy Knapp and Ray Buckton were trade union officials in which industry in the 1970's and 1980's?
"Sidney Weighell Sidney Weighell (pronounce ""weal""; 31 March 1922 – 13 February 2002) was a British footballer, trade unionist and the General Secretary of the National Union of Railwaymen from 1975 to 1983. He was born at 25 Gladstone Street Northallerton, North Riding of Yorkshire in 1922 into a ""Railway Family"" (his father, Tom Weighell was a signalman, his grandfather Bill was a guard and his brother Maurice was a driver). He was educated at a Church of England school, which he left at 15 and became an apprentice mechanic. In 1938 he took an apprenticeship at the road motor"
"Ray Buckton Raymond William Buckton (20 October 1922 – 7 May 1995) was general secretary of ASLEF, the rail drivers' trade union in Great Britain. He was born in Rillington, East Riding of Yorkshire. His father was a farm worker on a large estate, who became a member of the Junior Imperial and Constitutional League (later the Young Conservatives). He was the eldest of seven children, attending Appleton Roebuck Elementary School. He left school at 14 to work as a groundsman on a local country estate. He started as an engine cleaner on the York to Scarborough Line aged 16."
"age of 31. He moved to London in 1972 to work as a divisional officer, and worked in the NUR headquarters from 1981. When Sid Weighell resigned in 1983, Knapp was the successful left-wing candidate to replace him as General Secretary of the NUR. Knapp had been a relatively junior union officer, having failed an exam to become assistant general secretary. A ""candidate from nowhere"", he beat the sitting assistant general secretary Charlie Turnock by a wide margin, despite Weighell describing him as ""a stooge of the Communist and Trotskyite Left"" and ""wet behind the ears"". As General Secretary of"
"arguing that the best conversion in the long-term would be to electrical power. He failed to convince either the National Executive or Harold Wilson, but made more progress in the 1970s with his new leverage as General Secretary, attacking Anthony Crosland's White Paper on transport integration. A stroke of luck saw Crosland moved to the foreign office in 1976 and replaced by William Rodgers, who was more receptive to comments from the NUR. The result was the Transport Act 1978, which Weighell saw as a victory. In 1945 he joined the Labour Party, becoming a member of the local trades"
"to the High Court of England and Wales, which rejected the Burnley and Nelson union's claim. With widespread redundancies in the industry, the union lost two-thirds of its members before it merged into the General, Municipal, Boilermakers and Allied Trades Union in 1985. Based in Rochdale, the union's final general secretary was Jack Brown. Amalgamated Textile Workers' Union The Amalgamated Textile Workers' Union (ATWU) was a trade union in Great Britain. The union was founded in 1974, when the Amalgamated Weavers' Association merged with the National Union of Textile and Allied Workers. The Amalgamated Textile Warehousemen's Association developed close links"
"elements described herein) occurred in the mid-1970s. Ray Rogers, a staff organizer with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America (ACWA), ran a comprehensive campaign against J.P. Stevens, a large textile manufacturer in the South. The union eventually organized more than 3,000 Stevens workers at 10 plants. The organizing drive was featured in the Academy Award-winning film ""Norma Rae"" in 1979. A second major comprehensive campaign occurred roughly a decade later. In 1984, the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers International Union (OCAW) waged a comprehensive campaign against the German chemical company BASF. OCAW mounted a campaign that involved environmental groups and"
"of Wakefield. The glass and textile industries closed in the 1970s and 1980s, and coal faced competition from alternative sources and demand decreased. The coal mines around Wakefield were amongst the first in Yorkshire to close under the government of Margaret Thatcher, which altered the national energy policy from a reliance on British coal and opposed the political power of the NUM. Between 1979 and 1983, the pits at Lofthouse, Manor, Newmarket, Newmillerdam, Parkhill and Walton all closed. As the Wakefield pits closed, the Selby Coalfield was being opened, many colliers in Wakefield accepted offers to transfer to the new"
"1970s. When Chrysler entered financial difficulties in the late 1970s, S&Z began to build up business with Ford and General Motors. S&Z’s laborers organized a union in the mid-1970s, joining the United Auto Workers, Local No. 70. Employment peaked at around 300 in the early 1980s. The company remained unionized until its closure. The U. S. automotive industry became more stratified in the early 1980s as the Big Three manufacturers began to subcontract the assemblies for which S&Z was furnishing components. These projects went to tier 1 companies such Tenneco, Johnson Controls, Valeo, Delphi Corporation and Visteon, all of which"
"addressed eight-hour work days and safety inspection of boilers in the work place. [Central] The late 1800s and early 1900s saw a growth in the organization and an increase in union memberships. In 1900 several new unions – Cooks and Waitresses Union, Barbers Union, Leather Workers Union and Telephone Operators Union – were organized and joined the WCLU. Due to the growth, $14,000 was raised to build a new Labor Temple in Seattle, WA. [Central] Mainstay unions of the WCLU at this time were the Sailors, Brewery Workers, Cigarmakers, Tailors, Stonecutters, Typographers, Iron Molders, Stage Employees, Musicians, Bricklayers, Printing Pressmen"
"1980 becoming secretary of its successor, the Council of Civil Service Unions. In this role, he was known for his close working relationship with his press officer, Jimmy O'Dea, and spent considerable amounts of time courting the media. Although nominated repeatedly for the General Council of the Trades Union Congress, he was never elected, and he retired in 1983. Bill Kendall (trade unionist) William Leslie Kendall (10 March 1923 – 5 March 2000) was a British trade unionist. Kendall grew up in South Shields, where he joined the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB). He served in the Royal Air"
"had a greater union presence than other sections of the British textile industry. The woollen and worsted industries, by contrast, were poorly organised. Closed shop agreements covered the majority of workers employed in textile finishing. From 1966 to 1973, the union was led by Jack Peel, a controversial figure who left to work for the European Economic Community and later led many attacks on trade unions in the UK. One successor, Bill Maddocks, described him as a ""Judas"". Under Maddocks' leadership, the union became more campaigning, particularly in opposing the use of benzidine-based dyes. By the start of the 1980s,"
"of coal and coke caused great divisions. Local branches agreed deals with local steel plants on the amounts to be delivered. In June 1984, the NUM area leader for South Wales, Emlyn Williams, defied orders from Scargill to stop deliveries of coal by rail to steel plants, but he capitulated after a vote by the national executive to end dispensations. Violence in Nottinghamshire was directed towards strikers or supporters of the NUM national line. NUM secretary Jimmy Hood reported his car was vandalised and his garage set on fire. In Leicestershire, ""scab"" was chanted at the working majority against the"
"council, and was elected to the National Executive Committee in 1953. He was initially regarded as a disruptive influence and sacked from the trades council for introducing politics into the proceedings. At the Labour Party conference in 1982, the NUR delegation decided to vote for the National Union of Mineworkers, led by Arthur Scargill. Weighell, however, secretly voted for the EETPU, a fact quickly discovered by conference officials. Branded a cheat, Weighell was forced to offer his resignation, which a union conference convened in Birmingham accepted 41–36. Despite the scandal he maintained he had done the right thing, saying ""I'm"
"important part in guiding the party toward the Trade Union reforms introduced by James Prior, who was appointed Secretary of State for Employment after Thatcher became Prime Minister in 1979. In the 1990s, with the decline in union influence, CTU membership waned. After the Conservative defeat in the 1997 General Election the organisation was renamed Conservatives at Work, CaW. Peter Bottomley (a member of the Transport and General Workers' Union) was CTU president from 1978 to 1980. Sir Brian Mawhinney was president from 1987 to 1990. Conservatives at Work Conservatives at Work, formerly Conservative Trade Unionists (CTU), is an organisation"
"raising industry standards, as well as maintaining an active phone line for booking information. IWW musicians such as Utah Phillips, Faith Petric, Bob Bovee, and Jim Ringer also toured and promoted the union, and in 1987 an anthology album, ""Rebel Voices"", was released. Other IWW organizing campaigns of the 1970s included a ShopRite supermarket in Milwaukee, at Coronet Foods in Wheeling, West Virginia, chemical and fast food workers (including KFC and Roy Rogers) in State College, Pennsylvania, and hospital workers in Boston, all in 1973; shipyards in Houston, Texas and restaurant workers in Pittsburgh in 1974; unsuccessful campaigns at the"
"Kawerau. In the 1970s and 1980s, he served as the secretary of the Wellington branch, and then national secretary, of the Boilermakers' Union. During this period, the union was involved in a number of high-profile disputes involving heavy engineering projects—most notably the building of the BNZ Centre in Wellington and the expansion of the Marsden Point Oil Refinery and the pulp and paper mills at Kinleith and Kawerau—and the Wellington and Kawerau branches were deregistered by prime minister of the day Rob Muldoon. He became the head of the New Zealand Trade Union Federation, which later merged into the New"
"of Jacksonville, Illinois, which manufactured clothing and other textiles, achieving sales of $1 million annually by 1901, and employing around 500 people by 1901. William Thomas Capps, Sr., the uncle of Henry S. Taylor, was a founder of the Midland Life Insurance Company of Chicago. Henry Taylor was the first cousin of Henry McClure Capps, prominent Hollywood art director, husband of Ruth Goldwyn, and son-in-law of renowned producer Samuel Goldwyn. Henry Stryker Taylor was the father-in-law of Thomas Keister Greer, Esq., a renowned corporate lawyer and trial lawyer of Virginia and California, who either represented or helped to build several"
"prime contractors, they found themselves progressively squeezed throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s as operating costs rose far more than rates. For the first time since the 1880s, owner drivers joined the union in large numbers. They had quickly found the TWU was the only serious industrial force that could stand up to the transport conglomerates. From the early 1970s, the TWU became a cohesive, centrally directed force with a substantial presence, actively recruiting members and training job delegates. The early 1980s were a time of strong gains in wages and the TWU was for a time the pacesetter,"
"attention, with the local secondary school receiving visits from agencies such as Sky News. It had some effect, with less vandalism taking place ever since. Wigton's principal employer is the Innovia Factory (locally known as The Factory) in the centre of the town. In 1936 the British New Wrap Co Ltd was formed in Wigton, Cumbria, and production of cellulose film began at the site which had previously been a jam-making facility, and then set up to produce ""artificial silk"" or Rayon. In 1936 the company changed its name to British Rayophane Ltd. The company's main products are: Wigton is"
"several ""bargaining conferences"", the industry divisions internal to the United Steelworkers. These include the Chemical Industry, Energy and Utilities, Manufacturing, Mining, and Pharmacies and Pharmaceuticals conferences. Robert Wages, president of OCAW from 1980 to 1999, is currently retired. Kip Phillips a former Vice President is now a Vice President at large with the USW. Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers International Union The Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Union (OCAW) was a trade union in the United States which existed between 1917 and 1999. At the time of its dissolution and merger, the International represented 80,000 workers and was affiliated with"
"Aluminum, Bethlehem Steel, Goodyear and Bridgestone Firestone. Leo W. Gerard, the USWA's president, was quoted as saying that “It is difficult to overstate his impact on the union...His role with the union was much broader then the typical duties of general counsel.” In the 1980s, Mr. Kleiman negotiated deals with two companies that were close to bankruptcy, the Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation and the Allegheny Ludlum Corporation, allowing them to pay smaller compensation packages than steelmakers in better financial shape. When the industry rebounded in the late 1980s, Mr. Kleiman spearheaded efforts to restore a pattern in which all steelmakers provided"
"in Industrial Cape Breton. In the summer of 1973, workers at the Duke Power-owned Eastover Mining Company's Brookside Mine and Prep Plant in Harlan County, Kentucky voted to join the union. Eastover management refused to sign the contract and the miners went on strike. Duke Power attempted to bring in replacement non-union workers or ""scabs"" but many were blocked from entering the mine by striking workers and their families on the picket line. Local judge F. Byrd Hogg was a coal operator himself and consistently ruled for Eastover. During much of the strike the mine workers' wives and children joined"
"early 1982. Three weeks later, a machinist narrowly escaped serious injury when a shot fired into the picket line hit his belt buckle. The National Labor Relations Board later charged Brown & Sharpe with regressive bargaining, and of entering into negotiations with the express purpose of not reaching an agreement with the union. It was not until 1998, nearly seventeen years after the strike began, that the Rhode Island Supreme Court ended the legal battle, ultimately siding with Brown & Sharpe in its plea that it had not illegally forced the strike. By this point, both Brown & Sharpe and"
"crime). In 1994, a federal jury convicted Jerry Dale Lowe of killing Eddie York, and he was sentenced to 11 years in prison. Although all eight of those charged had violated various UMWA picket-line rules against drinking, masking their faces, rock-throwing, and having guns at the picket line, none were subject to any UMWA discipline. On the contrary, the union successfully fought to get the seven who pled guilty their old jobs back after the strike. In Miami, during a 1997 Teamsters Union strike against UPS, a group of men pulled UPS truck driver Rod Carter out of his truck,"
"aerospace firms, such as Lockheed. The Bay Area was an early center of ham radio with about 10% of the operators in the United States. William Eitel, Jack McCullough, and Charles Litton, who together pioneered vacuum tube manufacturing in the Bay Area, were hobbyists with training in technology gained locally who participated in development of shortwave radio by the ham radio hobby. High frequency, and especially, Very high frequency, VHF, transmission in the 10 meter band, required higher quality power tubes than were manufactured by the consortium of RCA, Western Electric, General Electric, Westinghouse which controlled vacuum tube manufacture. Litton,"
"a result of the Miner's Strike. Ironically, he was unable to persuade the membership to vote in favour of a strike in 1985, when driver-only operation trains (without a guard) were introduced more widely, but he then led a series of one-day strikes in 1989 which resulted in an improved pay offer. The NUR merged with the National Union of Seamen (NUS) in 1990 to become the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers, and Knapp continued as General Secretary of the merged union. He opposed rail privatisation in the early 1990s but the Conservative government forced the policy"
"the Cutters and Trimmers Union of New South Wales and the Tailors' Trade Protection Society. These unions primarily represented skilled, male craftsmen in what was already a largely female industry. This created an ongoing tension within the CATU between the need to represent the whole of the workforce within the industry, and the greater level of organisation and distinction within some male-dominated trade occupations. During the 1970s and 80s the removal of tariff protections for manufactured goods in Australia, automation of production processes, and an increase in the availability of cheap imports from Asia greatly reduced the size of the"
"Following the breakdown of relations between the NUM and the ISTC (Iron and Steel Trades Confederation), NUM pickets threw bricks, concrete and eggs full of paint at lorries transporting coal and iron ore to South Wales. In September 1984, Viv Brook, assistant chief constable of South Wales Police, warned that throwing concrete from motorway bridges was likely to kill someone. Taxi driver, David Wilkie, was killed on 30 November 1984 while driving a non-striking miner to Merthyr Vale Colliery, in South Wales. Two striking miners dropped a concrete post onto his car from a road bridge and he died at"
"Sammy Thompson Sammy Thompson (1932 or 1933 – August 1988) was a British trade unionist. Thompson left school in 1948 and began working as a coal miner at Markham Main Colliery. He became active in the Yorkshire Area of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM), and became a leading ally of Arthur Scargill through his activism during the strikes of 1972, 1974 and 1984 to 1985. Shortly after the defeat of this last strike, Owen Briscoe, general secretary of the Yorkshire Area, resigned and Thompson was elected to succeed him. In 1987, Thompson was elected as Vice-President of the NUM,"
"150 branches. The union's increase in dues, was the basis for the 1950 court case ""Edwards v Halliwell"". It merged with the Transport and General Workers' Union (TGWU) in 1972, forming a new automotive trade group within the TGWU. The union sponsored Labour Party candidates in several Parliamentary elections. National Union of Vehicle Builders The National Union of Vehicle Builders (NUVB) was a trade union in the United Kingdom. The NUVB represented a mixture of skilled and unskilled workers in the automotive industry. The union was formed in 1834 as the United Kingdom Society of Coachmakers, adopting the name National"
"the Association of Broadcasting Staffs to form the Broadcasting Entertainment Cinematograph and Allied Trades Union (BECTU) of which he was briefly Joint General Secretary. He acquired a reputation for supporting militant action to defend technicians' pay and conditions, in particular in the ITV strike of 1979, where he secured an almost 30% pay rise. He supported the proposal of some union members for the nationalisation of the British film industry (both as a socialist principle and as a means of providing financial stability for the rocky industry) and for the appointment of the first trade union researcher into discrimination against"
"proposed by President Gerald Ford in 1975, and President Jimmy Carter followed through by seeking and winning passage of the Motor Carrier Act of 1980. One of the last national negotiations Fitzsimmons oversaw was another national trucking contract. With deregulation moving forward, the negotiations (which began in early 1979) were particularly difficult. Fitzsimmons gambled and decided to engage in a series of whipsaw strikes in order to pressure the employers to agree to terms, but the trucking companies responded with a lockout on April 2. The Carter administration had imposed wage and price controls which sought to hold collective bargaining"
"without unions. The situation for the automotive industry and UAW members heightened with the 1973 oil embargo. Rising fuel prices caused the U.S. auto makers to lose market share to foreign manufacturers who placed more emphasis on fuel efficiency. This started years of layoffs and wage reductions, and the UAW found itself in the position of giving up many of the benefits it had won for workers over the decades. By the early 1980s, auto producing states, especially in the Midwestern United States and Canada, had been impacted economically from losses in jobs and income. This peaked with the near-bankruptcy"