With what social reform is Elizabeth Fry associated?
"Award was established in her honour. Margery Fry Sara Margery Fry (11 March 1874 – 21 April 1958) was a British prison reformer as well as one of the first women to become a magistrate. She was the secretary of the Howard League for Penal Reform and the principal of Somerville College, Oxford. Fry was born in London in 1874. She was the child of Quakers Sir Edward Fry, a judge, and his wife, Mariabella Hodgkin (1833–1930). Her siblings included Joan Mary Fry, the social reformer, Roger Fry of the Bloomsbury Group, the biographer Agnes Fry and pacifist Anna Ruth"
"Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Fry (née Gurney, often referred to as ""Betsy""; 21 May 1780 – 12 October 1845) was an English prison reformer, social reformer and, as a Quaker, a Christian philanthropist. She has sometimes been referred to as the ""angel of prisons"". Fry was a major driving force behind new legislation to make the treatment of prisoners more humane, and she was supported in her efforts by Queen Victoria. She was depicted on the Bank of England £5 note from 2001–2016. Fry kept extensive and revealing diaries. Elizabeth Fry was born in Gurney Court, off Magdalen Street, Norwich, Norfolk,"
"of UK commemorative stamps in 1976. Fry kept extensive diaries which give unique insight into her work, life and personality. Elizabeth Fry Elizabeth Fry (née Gurney, often referred to as ""Betsy""; 21 May 1780 – 12 October 1845) was an English prison reformer, social reformer and, as a Quaker, a Christian philanthropist. She has sometimes been referred to as the ""angel of prisons"". Fry was a major driving force behind new legislation to make the treatment of prisoners more humane, and she was supported in her efforts by Queen Victoria. She was depicted on the Bank of England £5 note"
"they could learn to sew and knit and once they were out of prison and then could earn money for themselves. This led to the eventual creation of the ""British Ladies' Society for Promoting the Reformation of Female Prisoners"" in 1821. She also promoted the idea of rehabilitation instead of harsh punishment which was taken on by the city authorities in London as well as many other authorities and prisons. In 1827, Fry visited women prisoners in Ireland (see ""Memoirs of Mrs. Elizabeth Fry"", Thomas Timpson, NY: Stanford & Swords, 1847, pp. 82-99). Elizabeth Fry also campaigned for the rights"
"face of the Reformers Monument in Kensal Green Cemetery, London. She is depicted in stained glass at All Saints Church, Cambridge alongside Edith Cavell and Josephine Butler. Due to her work as a prison reformer, there are several memorials to Elizabeth Fry. One of the buildings which make up the Home Office headquarters, 2 Marsham St, is named after her. She is also commemorated in prisons and courthouses, including a terracotta bust in the gatehouse of HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs and a stone statue in the Old Bailey. The Canadian Association of Elizabeth Fry Societies honours her memory by advocating"
"Fry gave evidence to a House of Commons committee on the conditions prevalent in British prisons, becoming the first woman to present evidence in Parliament. Elizabeth Fry also helped the homeless, establishing a ""nightly shelter"" in London after seeing the body of a young boy in the winter of 1819/1820. In 1824, during a visit to Brighton, she instituted the Brighton District Visiting Society. The society arranged for volunteers to visit the homes of the poor and provide help and comfort to them. The plan was successful and was duplicated in other districts and towns across Britain. Elizabeth Fry used"
"Women on the west wall of the Chapel features Elizabeth Fry. The Church of England includes her on its liturgical calendar on Oct. 12. Since 2001, Fry has been depicted on the reverse of £5 notes issued by the Bank of England. She is shown reading to prisoners at Newgate Prison. The design also incorporates a key, representing the key to the prison which was awarded to Fry in recognition of her work. However, as of 2016, Fry's image on these notes was replaced by that of Winston Churchill. She was one of the social reformers honoured on an issue"
"for women who are in the criminal justice system. They also celebrate and promote a National Elizabeth Fry Week in Canada each May. Elizabeth Fry is also commemorated in a number of educational and care-based settings. The University of East Anglia's School of Social Work and Psychology is housed in a building named after her. There is an Elizabeth Fry Ward at Scarborough General Hospital in North Yorkshire, United Kingdom. A road is named for Fry at Guilford College, a school in Greensboro, North Carolina, which was founded by Quakers. There is a bust of Elizabeth Fry located in East"
"prison reform movement of her sister Elizabeth Fry and her own husband. However, her main concern became education. Her ""Hints for the Improvement of Early Education and Nursery Discipline"" (1819) was originally written for the nursemaid (nanny) to the first of her six children. ""Good education,"" she wrote in the introduction, ""must be the result of one consistent and connected system."" The book continued to sell well for eighty years. Her experience was enriched by family tradition and by the influences of 18th and 19th-century authorities as such as John Locke, François Fénelon, John Foster, Thomas Babington, and Philip Doddridge,"
"Canadian Association of Elizabeth Fry Societies The Canadian Association of Elizabeth Fry Societies (CAEFS) is an association of groups operating under the Elizabeth Fry Society banner, similar in many respects to the John Howard Society. The Elizabeth Fry Society groups work on issues affecting women and girls in the justice system. The societies take their name from prison reformer Elizabeth Fry. The organization was started in 1969, with formal incorporation as a non-profit organization occurring in 1978. They help female offenders to re-integrate into society. They work independently from the government. The original Elizabeth Fry Society of Canada was founded"
"each woman and child would at least get a share of food and water on the long journey. Later she arranged each woman to be given scraps of material and sewing tools so that they could use the long journey to make quilts and have something to sell as well as useful skills when they reached their destination. She also included a bible and useful items such as string and knives and forks in this vital care package. Elizabeth Fry visited 106 transport ships and saw 12,000 convicts. Her work helped to start a movement for the abolition of transportation."
"RCMP refute the reported abuse. The husband was not called to testify during the trial. Canadian Association of Elizabeth Fry Societies The Canadian Association of Elizabeth Fry Societies (CAEFS) is an association of groups operating under the Elizabeth Fry Society banner, similar in many respects to the John Howard Society. The Elizabeth Fry Society groups work on issues affecting women and girls in the justice system. The societies take their name from prison reformer Elizabeth Fry. The organization was started in 1969, with formal incorporation as a non-profit organization occurring in 1978. They help female offenders to re-integrate into society."
"as a United Farmers of Ontario–Labour MP for the newly formed Grey—Bruce riding. She was allowed to use the party's name, even after it stopped being a political organization in 1934. She was always a strong voice for rural issues. Macphail was also a strong advocate for penal reform and her efforts contributed to the launch of the investigative Archambault Commission in 1936. The final report became the basis for reform in Canadian penitentiaries following World War II. Macphail's concern for women in the criminal justice system led her, in 1939, to found the Elizabeth Fry Society of Canada, named"
"who married the actor David Niven."" She volunteered with the Prisoners' Wives Service, which Cressida Connolly links to her ancestor Elizabeth Fry, the great social reformer. Jennifer Ross Ann Jennifer Evelyn Elizabeth Fry Ross (nee Fry, 16 March 1916 - 10 December 2003) was a British literary muse who financed ""The London Magazine"". She was the only child of Sir Geoffrey Fry, 1st Baronet and his wife Alathea Gardner. She grew up at Oare House, Wiltshire. Her father was private secretary to two prime ministers, and descended from the Quaker family of cocoa manufacturers. Her mother was the daughter of"
"Transportation was officially abolished in 1837, however Elizabeth Fry was still visiting transportation ships until 1843. Elizabeth Fry wrote in her book ""Prisons in Scotland and the North of England"" that she stayed the night in some of the prisons and invited nobility to come and stay and see for themselves the conditions prisoners lived in. Her kindness helped her gain the friendship of the prisoners and they began to try to improve their conditions for themselves. Thomas Fowell Buxton, Fry's brother-in-law, was elected to Parliament for Weymouth and began to promote her work among his fellow MPs. In 1818"
"after British reformer Elizabeth Fry. Causes she championed included pensions for seniors and workers' rights. Macphail was also the first Canadian woman delegate to the League of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland, where she worked with the World Disarmament Committee. Although a pacifist, she voted for Canada to enter World War II. In the 1940 election, she was defeated. With the death of United Reform MP for Saskatoon City, Walter George Brown, a few days after the election, Macphail was recruited by the United Reform Movement to run in the by-election to fill the seat. On August 19, she was defeated"
"provided magistrates with the powers to implement many of these reforms, and eventually, in 1815, gaol fees were abolished. Quakers were prominent in campaigning against and publicizing the dire state of the prisons at the time. Elizabeth Fry documented the conditions that prevailed at Newgate prison, where the ladies' section was overcrowded with women and children, some of whom had not even received a trial. The inmates did their own cooking and washing in the small cells in which they slept on straw. In 1816, Fry was able to found a prison school for the children who were imprisoned with"
"reformer Elizabeth Fry, including prisoners who were bound for transportation. In 1833 Elizabeth Hanbury was recognized as a minister in the Quaker church. She married Cornelius Hanbury of the chemist company Allen & Hanburys in 1826, becoming his second wife. (Cornelius had been married to a daughter of his business partner William Allen.) He was the first cousin of the Gurney family of Norwich. In 1830 the Hanburys had a daughter named Charlotte, who was to become a missionary in Morocco; an autobiography of Elizabeth was published soon after her death in 1900. The Hanburys had one son, also named"
"Sophia Fry Sophia Fry later Lady Fry (11 June 1837 – 30 March 1897) was a British political activist, notable for founding the Women's Liberal Federation. Born in Darlington as Sophia Pease, she was brought up as a Quaker and as an activist in liberal politics. Her parents were John Pease who was a Quaker and a director of the Stockton and Darlington Railway and Sophia Pease who was also a Quaker. She and her sister Mary Anna were educated at home, and for one year at a school in Frenchay, where she met Sarah Sturge and Theodore Fry. She"
"in 1939 by Member of Parliament Agnes Macphail. The current Executive Director of CAEFS is Kassandra Churcher. The Elizabeth Fry Society has also taken an active approach to criminal cases involving females. They have had intervenor status in a number of Supreme Court of Canada cases including R v Ryan, in which Nicole Patricia Ryan was arrested by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police after attempting to hire an undercover officer as a hitman to kill her husband. The RCMP were criticized by the Supreme Court for failing to protect Ryan from an abusive husband, however both the husband and the"
"however honourably accompanied"". Among their joint works was Impington Village College, Cambridgeshire: Gropius created the original design, and Fry revised it and supervised construction after Gropius had gone. Fry first met pioneering social reformer Elizabeth Denby in 1934, whom he described as ""a small dynamic woman"", at a party in Henry Moore's studio. Denby had a sponsor, Lady Mozelle Sassoon, for the flats - R. E. Sassoon House - they had designed as part of a working-class estate around the Pioneer Health Centre in Peckham, London. As pleasant social housing at minimum cost, Sassoon House became his first collaboration with"
"required the installation of female wardens to guard female prisoners. The act was largely ineffective, because there were no inspectors to make sure that it was being followed. The Prisons Act 1835 offered a remedy by providing for the appointment of five paid prison inspectors. Gaols Act 1823 The Gaols Act 1823 (4 Geo IV c 64) The idea of prison reform was promoted in the early 19th century by Elizabeth Fry and her brother Joseph John Gurney. In particular, Fry was appalled at the conditions in the women's section of Newgate Prison. This act was introduced and supported by"
"over control of the London billbroking business of ""Richardson, Overend & Company"", whose title was subsequently changed to ""Overend, Gurney and Company"". It went on to become the world's largest discounting house. John Gurney and his wife Catherine Bell had 13 children, of whom several died young. The surviving children include John Gurney (1749–1809) John Gurney (10 November 1749 – 28 October 1809) was an English banker and member of the Gurney family of Norwich. Besides his role as a partner in Gurney's bank he is notable as the father of the social reformers Elizabeth Fry and Joseph John Gurney,"
"is considered oppression. Frye is openly lesbian, and much of her work explores social categories—in particular, those based on race and gender. Marilyn Frye Marilyn Frye (born 1941 in Tulsa, Oklahoma) is an American philosopher and radical feminist theorist. She is known for her theories on sexism, racism, oppression, and sexuality. Her writings offer discussions of feminist topics, such as: white supremacy, male privilege, and gay and lesbian marginalization. Although she approaches the issues from the perspective of justice, she is also deeply engaged with the metaphysics, epistemology, and moral psychology of social categories. Frye received the BA with honors"
"has some relevance to the shift in this occupation being predominantly male-dominated to, in some cases, being more female-dominated. The increase in the number of females working in this field is mainly due to helping alleviate staff shortages and providing women seeking employment with more opportunities to work in the correctional system. For a long time, a majority of female correctional officers were working exclusively with female inmates due to the work of Elizabeth Fry and other rehabilitation volunteers in the early 1800s in London. These volunteer were religious, conservative women with comfortable economic backgrounds, who isolated themselves from men"
"her influential network and worked with other prominent Quakers to campaign for the abolition of the slave trade. After her husband went bankrupt in 1828, Fry's brother became her business manager and benefactor. Thanks to him, her work went on and expanded. In 1838 the Friends sent a party to France. Fry and her husband, Lydia Irving, and abolitionists Josiah Forster and William Allen. They were there on other business but despite the language barrier Fry and Lydia Irving visited French prisons. In 1840 Fry opened a training school for nurses. Her programme inspired Florence Nightingale, who took a team"
"who campaigned for universal education. William Forster (philanthropist) William Forster (23 March 1784 – 27 January 1854) was a preacher, Quaker elder and a fervent abolitionist. He was an early member of the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society in 1839. It was William and Stephen Grellet who introduced Elizabeth Fry to her life's work with prisons, but it was William's brother, Josiah, who accompanied Fry on her tour and inspection of prisons in France. Forster was born in 1784. He initially trained as a land agent with his mother's brother in Sheffield, but he then started to tour England and"
"Elizabeth Finn Care Elizabeth Finn Care, established by Elizabeth Anne Finn in 1897 as the Distressed Gentlefolk's Aid Association, is a British charity providing help and assistance to relieve the problems of old age, illness, social isolation and disability. In May 2015 Elizabeth Finn Care came under the Turn2us brand. Elizabeth Finn Care was established as the Distressed Gentlefolk's Aid Association in 1897 by Elizabeth Finn, aged 72, and her daughter Constance, after learning that gentlefolk – a British class description for ""people of the better sort"" – were living destitute. One of these gentlefolk was an 80-year-old woman, dying"
"Joan Mary Fry Joan Mary Fry (27 July 1862 – 25 November 1955) was an English Quaker campaigner for peace and social reform. Joan Fry was born on 27 July 1862 in London, into a wealthy family of Quakers. She was the daughter of a judge, Sir Edward Fry and his wife, Mariabella Hodgkin (1833 – 1930), and sister of art critic Roger Fry, who was a member of the avant-garde Bloomsbury Group. During the First World War she served as a Quaker Prison Chaplain and helped conscientious objectors to military service at their tribunals and in prison. In 1919"
"in the Underground Railroad, a transportation network for sending escaped slaves to freedom. Quakers were among the first to pioneer humane treatment for the mentally ill, with The Retreat, in York, England, an asylum set up by William Tuke (1732–1822) as a reaction to the harsh nature of 18th century asylum care. In the 19th Century Elizabeth Fry and her brother, Joseph John Gurney, campaigned for the humane treatment of prisoners. Fry went into prisons herself to provide food, blankets, education, and other assistance to the prisoners. They were able to persuade Members of Parliament to pass reform legislation to"
"with food and clothes for some prisoners. She was unable to personally further her work for nearly four years because of difficulties within the Fry family, including financial difficulties in the Fry bank. Fry returned in 1816 and was eventually able to fund a prison school for the children who were imprisoned with their mothers. Rather than attempt to impose discipline on the women, she suggested rules and then asked the prisoners to vote on them. In 1817 she helped found the ""Association for the Reformation of the Female Prisoners in Newgate"". This association provided materials for women so that"
"Beatrice Webb Martha Beatrice Webb, Baroness Passfield, (née Potter; 22 January 1858 – 30 April 1943), was an English sociologist, economist, socialist, labour historian and social reformer. It was Webb who coined the term ""collective bargaining"". She was among the founders of the London School of Economics and played a crucial role in forming the Fabian Society. Beatrice Potter was born in Standish House in the village of Standish, Gloucestershire, the last but one of the nine daughters of businessman Richard Potter and Laurencina Heyworth, a Liverpool merchant's daughter. Her paternal grandfather was Liberal Party MP Richard Potter, co-founder of"
"researching enslaved African culture with a special emphasis on the material artifacts of enslaved African women, while earning degrees in history and folklore at Howard University and a PhD at Indiana University. Fry was a Bunting Institute Fellow from 1988-1989 at Radcliffe College, Cambridge, MA, and retired Professor Emerita from the University of Maryland, College Park in 2000. Fry was a frequent lecturer at educational institutions in the United States and abroad. She curated a dozen exhibitions that have been hosted at major institutions. Among them are the Eva and Morris Feld Gallery of the Museum of American Folk Art"