Which nation invented the Molotov Cocktail
"this way, though Soviet loss records do not support this assessment. On 30 November 1939, the Soviet Union attacked Finland, starting what came to be known as the Winter War. The Finns perfected the design and tactical use of the petrol bomb. The fuel for the Molotov cocktail was refined to a slightly sticky mixture of gasoline, kerosene, tar, and potassium chlorate. Further refinements included the attachment of wind-proof matches or a phial of chemicals that would ignite on breakage, thereby removing the need to pre-ignite the bottle, and leaving the bottle about one-third empty was found to make breaking"
"Molotov cocktail received its name during the Soviet invasion of Finland in 1939 Winter War but had been used earlier in the decade by Franco's troops during the Spanish Civil War. It was named by Finnish troops during the Winter War, after the former Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov, whom they deemed responsible for the war, and a humorous reference to the Soviet bombs nicknamed ""Molotov bread baskets"" in Finland. Practice grenades are similar in handling and function to other hand grenades, except that they only produce a loud popping noise and a puff of smoke on detonation. The grenade"
"more likely. A British War Office report dated June 1940 noted that: Molotov cocktails were eventually mass-produced by the Alko corporation at its Rajamäki distillery, bundled with matches to light them. Production totalled 450,000 during the Winter War. The original recipe of the Molotov cocktail was a mixture of ethanol, tar and gasoline in a bottle. The bottle had two long pyrotechnic storm matches attached to either side. Before use, one or both of the matches was lit; when the bottle broke on impact, the mixture ignited. The storm matches were found to be safer to use than a burning"
"reference to Molotov's propaganda broadcasts. When the hand-held bottle firebomb was developed to attack Soviet tanks, the Finns called it the ""Molotov cocktail"", as ""a drink to go with the food"". A Molotov cocktail is a breakable glass bottle containing a flammable substance such as gasoline, alcohol or a napalm-like mixture, with some motor oil added, and usually a source of ignition such as a burning cloth wick held in place by the bottle's stopper. The wick is usually soaked in alcohol or kerosene, rather than petrol. In action, the wick is lit and the bottle hurled at a target"
"The United States Marine Corps developed a version during World War II that used a tube of nitric acid and a lump of metallic sodium to ignite a mixture of petrol and diesel fuel. Molotov cocktails were reportedly used in the U.S. for arson attacks on shops and other buildings during the 1992 Los Angeles riots. During the Second Battle of Fallujah in 2004, U.S. Marines employed Molotov cocktails made with ""one part liquid laundry detergent, two parts gas"" for 'burning out' their enemies from houses. Molotov cocktails were also used by protesters and civilian militia in Ukraine during violent"
"Molotov cocktail A Molotov cocktail, also known as a petrol bomb, bottle bomb, poor man's grenade, Molotovin koktaili (Finnish), polttopullo (Finnish), fire bomb (not to be confused with an actual fire bomb) or just Molotov, sometimes shortened as Molly, is a generic name used for a variety of bottle-based improvised incendiary weapons. Due to the relative ease of production, Molotov cocktails have been used by street criminals, protesters, rioters, criminal gangs, urban guerrillas, terrorists, hard-line militants, anarchists, irregular soldiers, or even regular soldiers short on equivalent military-issue weapons. They are primarily intended to ignite rather than obliterate targets. The name"
"Molotov criticised Nikita Khrushchev for being a ""right-wing deviationist"". The Molotov cocktail is a term coined by the Finns during the Winter War, as a generic name used for a variety of improvised incendiary weapons. During the Winter War, the Soviet air force made extensive use of incendiaries and cluster bombs against Finnish troops and fortifications. When Molotov claimed in radio broadcasts that they were not bombing, but rather delivering food to the starving Finns, the Finns started to call the air bombs ""Molotov bread baskets"". Soon they responded by attacking advancing tanks with ""Molotov cocktails,"" which were ""a drink"
"Portland, Oregon, protesters began throwing balloons filled with ""unknown, foul-smelling liquid"" at officers. As incendiary devices, Molotov cocktails are illegal to manufacture or possess in many regions. In the United States, Molotov cocktails are considered ""destructive devices"" under the National Firearms Act and regulated by the ATF. Molotov cocktail A Molotov cocktail, also known as a petrol bomb, bottle bomb, poor man's grenade, Molotovin koktaili (Finnish), polttopullo (Finnish), fire bomb (not to be confused with an actual fire bomb) or just Molotov, sometimes shortened as Molly, is a generic name used for a variety of bottle-based improvised incendiary weapons. Due"
"liquid adhere to the target and create clouds of thick, choking smoke. In addition, toxic substances are also known to be added to the mixture, in order to create a suffocating or poisonous gas on the resulting explosion, effectively turning the Molotov cocktail into a makeshift chemical weapon. These include bleach, chlorine, various strong acids, pesticides, among others. Improvised incendiary devices of this type were used for the first time in the Spanish Civil War between July 1936 and April 1939, before they became known as ""Molotov cocktails."" In 1936, General Francisco Franco ordered Spanish Nationalist forces to use the"
"Molotov Man Molotov Man is the title by which a photograph taken by Susan Meiselas during the 1979 Nicaraguan Revolution has come to be known. Famous in its Nicaraguan context as a symbol of the Sandinista revolution, it has been widely reproduced and remixed. Latterly, outside this context, it was reproduced via an internet meme based on Joy Garnett's 2003 painting ""Molotov"", becoming a prominent case-study of re-use of art. The photograph depicts a man (later found to be called Pablo 'Bareta' Arauz) poised to throw a molotov cocktail, made from a Pepsi bottle, in his right hand, while holding"
"weapons and insufficient training in modern anti-tank tactics. According to Trotter, the favoured Soviet armoured tactic was a simple frontal charge, the weaknesses of which could be exploited. The Finns learned that at close range, tanks could be dealt with in many ways; for example, logs and crowbars jammed into the bogie wheels would often immobilise a tank. Soon, Finns fielded a better ad hoc weapon, the Molotov cocktail, a glass bottle filled with flammable liquids and with a simple hand-lit fuse. Molotov cocktails were eventually mass-produced by the Finnish ""Alko"" alcoholic beverage corporation and bundled with matches with which"
"76 Special Incendiary Grenade by the British Home Guard during World War II. Thermite and white phosphorus cause some of the worst and most painful burn injuries because they burn so quickly and at such a high temperature. In addition, white phosphorus is very poisonous: a dose of 50–100 milligrams is lethal to the average human. The Molotov cocktail is an improvised incendiary grenade prepared from a glass bottle filled with gasoline (petrol) or other flammable liquid, ignited by an attached burning strip of cloth when the thrown bottle shatters against its target, dousing the immediate area in flames. The"
"Oxygen cocktail The oxygen cocktail is a foamy substance containing a beverage drink (juice, milk, etc.) enriched in gaseous oxygen. The drink is used as part of oxygen therapy by a number of Russian medical institutions; their research suggest that the drink, by supplying oxygen, reduces chronic fatigue syndrome and hypoxia and activates metabolism. The oxygen cocktail was developed in the 1960s by the Russian academician N. N. Sirotinin. While researching the respiratory function of the stomach and the possibility of filling the body with oxygen through the digestive tract, Soviet doctors put probes into the patients’ stomachs, through which"
"outbreaks of the Euromaidan and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. Protesters during the Ferguson riots used Molotov cocktails. In Bangladesh during anti government protests at the time of the 2014 national election, many buses and cars were targeted with petrol bombs. A number of people burnt to death and many more were injured during the period 2013-2014 due to petrol bomb attacks. During the protests in Venezuela from 2014 and into 2017, protesters had used Molotov cocktails similar demonstrators in other countries. As the 2017 Venezuelan protests intensified, demonstrators began using ""Puputovs"", a play on words of Molotov, with glass devices"
"items. Examples of makeshift weapons include: The improvised Molotov cocktail was used with great success by the heavily outnumbered Finnish forces in the Winter War against the Soviet Union. The mixture of flammable petroleum, often thickened with soap or tar, was so effective against the Soviet tanks that the Finns began mass producing Molotov cocktails, and issuing them to their troops. While the first documented use of such improvised incendiary devices was in the Spanish Civil War, their use in the Winter War was much more prevalent, and it was at that time they were named after the Soviet Foreign"
"strain into the chilled cocktail glass and serve. Garnish with a slice of honeydew melon. A variation can be made by replacing the Cointreau with vodka. Japanese slipper A Japanese slipper is a drink made from Midori, Cointreau, and lemon juice. It was created in 1984 by Jean-Paul Bourguignon at Mietta's Restaurant in Melbourne. The Japanese Slipper appears in literature as early as The bulletin: Issues 5617-5625 in 1988 ""you might care for one of the other current favorites — a Toblerone, a Japanese Slipper or a Mind Eraser. ... Bailey's, grand marnier) or a Melon Bullet (Midori, Mainstay, cointreau,"
"which is the world's largest bombard by caliber, is a masterpiece of Russian cannon making. It was cast in 1586 by Andrey Chokhov and is notable for its rich, decorative relief. Another technology, that according to one hypothesis originally was brought from Europe by the Italians, resulted in the development of vodka, the national beverage of Russia. As early as 1386 Genoese ambassadors brought the first aqua vitae (""water of life"") to Moscow and presented it to Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy. The Genoese likely developed this beverage with the help of the alchemists of Provence, who used an Arab-invented distillation"
"Smirnoff Smirnoff (; ) is a brand of vodka owned and produced by the British company Diageo. The Smirnoff brand began with a vodka distillery founded in Moscow by Pyotr Arsenievich Smirnov (1831–1898). It is now distributed in 130 countries and produced in several countries including Albania, Brazil, Honduras, India, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Mongolia, the Philippines, the United Kingdom and the United States. Smirnoff products include vodka, flavoured vodka, and malt beverages. In March 2006, Diageo North America claimed that Smirnoff vodka was the best-selling distilled spirit brand in the world. In 2015 India's Officer's Choice overtook Smirnoff vodka to"
"including blister agents, blood agents, and nerve agents, which required soldiers to get into clumsy and hot chemical protective suits. A ""Featherston Fizz"" is composed of gasoline in a bottle, lit by a cloth wick, and thrown at armored vehicles from close range. In our timeline, they are called Molotov cocktails. The U.S. is one of the first nations to introduce the portable flamethrower, first using it in 1915 against Mormon rebels. Though there are no descriptions of the weapon, it may resemble the German ""Flammenwerfer"" or other early World War I devices. The German Empire was the first state"
"States entered into World War II with an unprepared military, low stocks of arms and munitions, and fears of attack or invasion by the Axis Powers. To counter this looming threat, a series of Molotov cocktail-style devices, nominally designated as ""grenades"", were developed in early 1942. It consisted of a pint-sized brown or clear glass bottle that was sealed with a crimped metal cap (like a beer or soda bottle). It had a number of fillers it could contain, each with their own properties, but they were compounds selected because they were activated by exposure to the air. In September"
"""Molotov cocktails""). The Soviet BT-5 and BT-7 light tanks, which had been operating in temperatures greater than 100F on the Mongolian plains, easily caught fire when a Molotov cocktail ignited their gasoline engines. General Georgy Zhukov made it one of his ""points"" when briefing Joseph Stalin, that his ""...BT tanks were a bit fireprone..."" Conversely, many Japanese tank crews held the Soviet 45mm anti-tank/tank guns in high esteem, noting, ""...no sooner did they see the flash from a Russian gun, than they'd notice a hole in their tank, adding that the Soviet gunners were accurate too!"" After the Khalkhin Gol"
"vodka"". The origin and recipe of the beverage are based on anecdotal reference. The concept of mixing vodka and liquorice probably existed long before the 1990s, since both Koskenkorva Viina vodka and Turkish Pepper liquorice were around before the alleged invention of the cocktail. On the other hand, Salmiakki Koskenkorva was one of the first pre-mixed cocktails sold in Finland. Another well-known anecdote says that singer Jari Sillanpää invented the drink when he was working as a bartender in the late 1980s. The taste of Salmiakki Koskenkorva resembles strongly that of black liquorice and cough medicine (this is because the"
"to the name of the club where it originated—""the ""Manhattan"" cocktail"". However, Lady Randolph was in France at the time and pregnant, so the story is likely a fiction. However, there are prior references to various similar cocktail recipes called ""Manhattan"" and served in the Manhattan area. By one account it was invented in the 1860s by a bartender named Black at a bar on Broadway near Houston Street. The original ""Manhattan cocktail"" was a mix of ""American Whiskey, Italian Vermouth and Angostura bitters"". During Prohibition (1920–1933) Canadian whisky was primarily used because it was available. An early record of"
"famous cocktail created in Australia"". It is included in the 1864 Australian cookbook ""The English and Australian Cookery Book"". Cocktail historian Sebastian Raeburn has stated that Melbourne was ""one of the great cocktail centres of the world."" An alternate version of the cocktail in the mid-19th century in Australia was prepared using a mixture of porter, brandy, rum, lemon or lime juice, sugar and boiling water. Blow My Skull Off Blow My Skull Off, sometimes referred to as Blow My Skull, is a cocktail that originated in the mid-19th century in Australia, and at that time was prepared using rum,"
"Ángel Rivero Méndez Captain Ángel Rivero Méndez (October 2, 1856 – February 23, 1930) was a Puerto Rican soldier, writer, journalist and a businessman who is credited with inventing the ""Kola Champagne"" soft drink. Rivero Méndez was a Captain in the Spanish Army during the Spanish–American War. He is credited with ordering the first shot against the United States in Puerto Rico in said conflict. Rivero Méndez was born on October 2, 1856 in Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico to Juan Rivero and Rosa Méndez, who had immigrated to Puerto Rico from the Canary Islands. Rivero received his secondary education at"
"Bloody Mary (cocktail) A Bloody Mary is a cocktail containing vodka, tomato juice, and combinations of other spices and flavorings including Worcestershire sauce, hot sauces, garlic, herbs, horseradish, celery, olives, salt, black pepper, lemon juice, lime juice and/or celery salt. In the United States, it is usually consumed in the morning or early afternoon, and is popular as a hangover cure. The Bloody Mary was invented in the 1920s or 1930s; there are various theories as to the origin of the drink, as well as the origin of its name. It has many variants, most notably the Red Snapper, the"
"Clover Club Cocktail The Clover Club Cocktail is a cocktail consisting of gin, lemon juice, raspberry syrup, and an egg white. The egg white is not added for the purpose of giving the drink flavor, but rather acts as an emulsifier. Thus when the drink is shaken a characteristic foamy head is formed. It was first made by Zlatko Roskos a Slovakian bartender in 1997 in Bratislava. The Clover Club Cocktail is a drink that pre-dates Prohibition in the United States, and is named for the Philadelphia men's club of the same name, which met in the Bellevue-Stratford Hotel on"
"basket."" They also named the improvised incendiary device that they used to counter Soviet tanks, commonly known as the Molotov cocktail, ""a drink to go with the food."" This description seems to have become common currency among the British public in 1940. During the Bristol Blitz, the locals dubbed a similar German device ""Goering's bread basket"". The Soviets had several versions: RRAB-1, RRAB-2, RRAB-3, with capacities of 1000, 500, and 250 kg respectively, each capable of holding various types of submunitions including HE, incendiary, and chemical. Molotov bread basket The RRAB-3 (, ""rotationally dispersing aviation bomb""), nicknamed the Molotov bread"
"sweet vermouth, and Amer Picon in place of the Manhattan's angostura bitters. The Manhattan is one of six basic drinks listed in David A. Embury's classic ""The Fine Art of Mixing Drinks"". A popular history suggests that the drink originated at the Manhattan Club in New York City in the early 1870s, where it was invented by Dr. Iain Marshall for a banquet hosted by Jennie Jerome (Lady Randolph Churchill, mother of Winston) in honor of presidential candidate Samuel J. Tilden. The success of the banquet made the drink fashionable, later prompting several people to request the drink by referring"
"an international market research company found that in 2016 the Mojito was the most popular cocktail in Britain and France. Many hotels in Havana also add Angostura bitters to cut the sweetness of the Mojito; while icing sugar is often muddled with the mint leaves rather than cane sugar, and many establishments simply use sugar syrup to control sweetness. Many bars today in Havana use lemon juice rather than fresh lime. The ""Rose Mojito,"" which is a Mojito variation containing the rose-flavored spirit, Lanique, was first created at the Albert's Schloss bar in Manchester, England. A Mojito without alcohol is"
"Russian Spring Punch The Russian Spring Punch is a highball cocktail of vodka and liqueur, per IBA specified ingredients, the International Bartenders Association lists the beverage in its New Era Drinks category. The Russian Spring Punch was created in London, England by Dick Bradsell in the 1980s. He claims not to remember which bar he was working at at the time, but tells the story of how he created the recipe for personal friends wishing to hold a cocktail party while minimizing the amount of money they had to spend on alcohol. Participants were provided with the vodka, cassis, sugar"
"and the blackness of the coffee liqueur. Black Russian The Black Russian is a cocktail of vodka and coffee liqueur. It contains five parts vodka to two parts coffee liqueur, per IBA specified ingredients. Traditionally, the drink is made by pouring the vodka over ice cubes or cracked ice in an old-fashioned glass, followed by the coffee liqueur. This combination first appeared in 1949 and is ascribed to Gustave Tops, a Belgian barman, who created it at the Hotel Metropole in Brussels in honor of Perle Mesta, then United States Ambassador to Luxembourg. The cocktail owes its name to the"
"Skittle Bomb The Skittle Bomb also known in France as ""Retreau"" (pronounced ""Rétro"") is an alcoholic bomb shot cocktail that gets its name from its Skittles confectionery taste. The method of preparation is similar to that of the Jägerbomb. It consists of a shot glass of Cointreau dropped into a glass containing Red Bull. In South-East Asia (mainly Singapore) the Skittle Bomb is also known as C-Bomb where the C stands for Cointreau. The terms ""depth charge"" and ""bomb shot"" refer to cocktails that are made by dropping a shot glass filled with liquor into another drink. A Skittle bomb"