To which native American tribe did Chief Crazy Horse belong?
"Life Story of a Holy Man of the Oglala Sioux"", from talks with John G. Neihardt: Crazy Horse received a black stone from a medicine man named Horn Chips to protect his horse, a black-and-white pinto he named ""Inyan"" (rock or stone). He placed the stone behind the horse's ear so that the medicine from his vision quest and Horn Chips would combine—he and his horse would be one in battle. The more accepted account, however, is that Horn Chips gave Crazy Horse a sacred stone that protected him from bullets. Subsequently, Crazy Horse was never wounded by a bullet."
"Crazy Horse Crazy Horse ( in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA: , ; – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the 19th century. He took up arms against the United States federal government to fight against encroachment by white American settlers on Native American territory and to preserve the traditional way of life of the Lakota people. His participation in several famous battles of the American Indian Wars on the northern Great Plains, among them the Fetterman Fight in 1866 in which he acted as a decoy and the Battle of the Little"
"shot in Black Hills, South Dakota. Crazy Horse (film) Crazy Horse is a 1996 TV film based on the true story of Crazy Horse, a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota and the Battle of Little Bighorn. The film is directed by John Irvin and stars Michael Greyeyes as the Crazy Horse. Ned Beatty stars as Dr. McGillicuddy, Irene Bedard as Black Buffalo Woman, Wes Studi as Red Cloud and Peter Horton as George Armstrong Custer. Other First Nation stars include Jimmy Herman as Conquering Bear, August Schellenberg as Sitting Bull, Gordon Tootoosis as Akicita and Lorne Cardinal"
"Crazy Horse (film) Crazy Horse is a 1996 TV film based on the true story of Crazy Horse, a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota and the Battle of Little Bighorn. The film is directed by John Irvin and stars Michael Greyeyes as the Crazy Horse. Ned Beatty stars as Dr. McGillicuddy, Irene Bedard as Black Buffalo Woman, Wes Studi as Red Cloud and Peter Horton as George Armstrong Custer. Other First Nation stars include Jimmy Herman as Conquering Bear, August Schellenberg as Sitting Bull, Gordon Tootoosis as Akicita and Lorne Cardinal as Young Man Afraid. It was"
"But it was hardly a triumphal procession. After more than a year of leading the Sioux and the Cheyennes in the Indians last major defense of their land, Chief Crazy Horse was bringing his people to Camp Robinson to surrender. Riding at the head of the file, he guided his 889 proudly arrayed Oglala Sioux into the Red Cloud Agency, where they pitched their lodges. The soldiers took away the Indians' ponies and then their firearms. Crazy Horse gave his feather bonnet and all his other warpath regalia to Red Cloud, his brother-in-law. Then there was more smoking of the"
"Crazy Bear (Assiniboine chief) Crazy Bear (1785–1856) was an Indian chief of the Assiniboine tribes of the northern plains. Their territory included Montana, North Dakota, Alberta and Saskatchewan. He is known as a skilled negotiator with the American Fur Company at Fort Union, North Dakota; and for his participation and representation at the Fort Laramie Treaty Council of 1851—where he was a signatory of the treaty' He earned the name ""Mah-To-Wit-Ko"" (meaning ""Crazy Bear"") because he fought like a crazy bear. ""Wit-Ko"" is a Siouan word that has multiple translations: crazy, foolish, frightening and mad. Crazy Bear has been recorded"
"Memorial Highway. In South Dakota, the designation has been applied to a portion of US 16/US 385 between Custer and Hill City, which passes by the Crazy Horse Memorial. In November 2010, Nebraska Governor Dave Heineman approved designating US 20 from Hay Springs to Fort Robinson in honor of Crazy Horse, capping a year-long effort by citizens of Chadron. The designation may extend east another 100 miles through Cherry County to Valentine. Crazy Horse Crazy Horse ( in Standard Lakota Orthography, IPA: , ; – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota in the"
"the late 1850s and early 1860s, Crazy Horse's reputation as a warrior grew, as did his fame among the Lakota. The Lakota told accounts of him in their oral histories. His first kill was a Shoshone raider who had murdered a Lakota woman washing buffalo meat along the Powder River. Crazy Horse fought in numerous battles between the Lakota and their traditional enemies, the Crow, Shoshone, Pawnee, Blackfeet, and Arikara, among Plains tribes. In 1864, after the Third Colorado Cavalry decimated Cheyenne and Arapaho in the Sand Creek Massacre, Oglala and Minneconjou bands allied with them against the U.S. military."
"out of Thunderhead Mountain, on land considered sacred by some Oglala Lakota, between Custer and Hill City, roughly from Mount Rushmore. The sculpture's final dimensions are planned to be long and high. The arm of Crazy Horse will be long and the head high; by comparison, the heads of the four U.S. Presidents at Mount Rushmore are each high. The monument has been in progress since 1948 and is far from completion. If completed as designed, it would become the world's second tallest sculpture, after the Statue of Unity. Crazy Horse was a Native American war leader of the Oglala"
"Chief Red Fox Chief Red Fox (Lakota: ""Tokála Luta,"" also known as Chief William Red Fox; June 11, 1870 – 1976) was an Oglala Lakota Sioux performer, actor, and Sioux Indian rights advocate, born on the Pine Ridge Reservation in the Dakota Territory. He was a nephew of famed Sioux war leader, Crazy Horse. In 1893, Colonel William Frederick Cody, better known as Buffalo Bill, visited Pine Ridge Reservation to recruit Native Americans as performers in his ""Wild West Show"" and asked Chief Red Fox to join the troupe of performers who were about to make an appearance at the"
"Chief Red Fox Chief Red Fox (Lakota: ""Tokála Luta,"" also known as Chief William Red Fox; June 11, 1870 – 1976) was an Oglala Lakota Sioux performer, actor, and Sioux Indian rights advocate, born on the Pine Ridge Reservation in the Dakota Territory. He was a nephew of famed Sioux war leader, Crazy Horse. In 1893, Colonel William Frederick Cody, better known as Buffalo Bill, visited Pine Ridge Reservation to recruit Native Americans as performers in his ""Wild West Show"" and asked Chief Red Fox to join the troupe of performers who were about to make an appearance at the"
"a Crazy Horse foray, and taken to a distant camp in northern Wyoming, where he was closely guarded for several years to prevent escape. On account of his dark skin and black hair he was believed by his captors to be an Indian. Meanwhile, being fond of adventure, he gradually fell into their ways. He was not only adopted into their tribe, but was for years a member of the household of Chief Crazy Horse. He was also well acquainted with Sitting Bull and most other noted Indians of the north. Moreover, his many hunting forays with them gave him"
"was the prominent warrior Crazy Horse. Fetterman and his troops followed the decoy into an ambush by more than 2,000 Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho. Combined Native American forces suffered only 14 casualties, while they killed the entire 81-man U.S. detachment. Following this battle, a U.S. peace commission toured the Plains in 1867 to gather information to help bring about peace among the tribes and with the US. Finding that the Native Americans had been provoked by white encroachment and competition for resources, the commission recommended assigning definite territories to the Plains tribes. The Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, Arapaho, and other bands"
"in 1982 with a 13¢ postage stamp that is part of its Great Americans series. Henry Standing Bear (""Mato Naji""), an Oglala Lakota chief, and well-known statesman and elder in the Native American community, recruited and commissioned Polish-American sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski to build the Crazy Horse Memorial in the Black Hills of South Dakota. In October 1931, Luther Standing Bear, Henry's older brother, wrote sculptor Gutzon Borglum, who was carving the heads of four American presidents at Mount Rushmore. Luther suggested that it would be ""most fitting to have the face of Crazy Horse sculpted there. Crazy Horse is the"
"Native Americans. It is well-known that Crazy Horse did not want to be photographed during his lifetime and is reportedly buried in an undisclosed location. While Lakota chief Henry Standing Bear believed in the sincerity of the motives, many Native Americans still oppose the intended meaning of the memorial. Opponents of the monument have likened it to pollution and desecration of the landscape and environment of the Black Hills, and of the ideals of Crazy Horse himself. Aside from the monumental sculpture, Crazy Horse has also been honored by having two highways named after him, both called the Crazy Horse"
"Crazy Horse was present at the Battle of Platte Bridge and the Battle of Red Buttes in July 1865. Because of his fighting ability and for his generosity to the tribe, in 1865 Crazy Horse was named an ""Ogle Tanka Un"" (""Shirt Wearer"", or war leader) by the tribe. On December 21, 1866, Crazy Horse and six other warriors, both Lakota and Cheyenne, decoyed Capt. William Fetterman's 53 infantrymen and 27 cavalry troopers under Lt. Grummond into an ambush. They had been sent out from Fort Phil Kearny to follow up on an earlier attack on a wood train. Crazy"
"American Indians"", Crazy Horse was the third in his male line to bear the name of Crazy Horse, which in Lakota is ""Tȟašúŋke Witkó"". Tȟašúŋke Witkó III (1840–1877) was the son of Rattling Blanket Woman and Tȟašúŋke Witkó II. The love of his life was Black Buffalo Woman, whom he courted, but she married another man named No Water. At one point, Crazy Horse persuaded Black Buffalo Woman to run away with him. No Water borrowed a pistol and ran after his wife. When he found her with Crazy Horse, he fired at him, injuring him in the face and"
"considered vigorous battle men of distinction. Crazy Horse and other northern Oglala leaders arrived at the Red Cloud Agency, located near Fort Robinson, Nebraska, on May 5, 1877. Together with He Dog, Little Big Man, Iron Crow and others, they met in a solemn ceremony with First Lieutenant William P. Clark as the first step in their formal surrender. For the next four months, Crazy Horse resided in his village near the Red Cloud Agency. The attention that Crazy Horse received from the Army drew the jealousy of Red Cloud and Spotted Tail, two Lakota who had long before come"
"Horse but they were unsuccessful. The soldiers killed American Horse and much of his family after they holed up in a cave for several hours. On January 8, 1877, Crazy Horse's warriors fought their last major battle at Wolf Mountain, against the US Cavalry in the Montana Territory. His people struggled through the winter, weakened by hunger and the long cold. Crazy Horse decided to surrender with his band to protect them, and went to Fort Robinson in Nebraska. The Last Sun Dance of 1877 is significant in Lakota history as the Sun Dance held to honor Crazy Horse one"
"Crazy Horse Memorial The Crazy Horse Memorial is a mountain monument under construction on privately held land in the Black Hills, in Custer County, South Dakota, United States. It will depict the Oglala Lakota warrior, Crazy Horse, riding a horse and pointing into the distance. The memorial was commissioned by Henry Standing Bear, a Lakota elder, to be sculpted by Korczak Ziolkowski. It is operated by the Crazy Horse Memorial Foundation, a nonprofit organization. The memorial master plan includes the mountain carving monument, an Indian Museum of North America, and a Native American Cultural Center. The monument is being carved"
"Bighorn in 1876 in which he led a war party to victory, earned him great respect from both his enemies and his own people. In September 1877, four months after surrendering to U.S. troops under General George Crook, Crazy Horse was fatally wounded by a bayonet-wielding military guard while allegedly resisting imprisonment at Camp Robinson in present-day Nebraska. He ranks among the most notable and iconic of Native American warriors and was honored by the U.S. Postal Service in 1982 with a 13¢ Great Americans series postage stamp. Sources differ on the precise year of Crazy Horse's birth, but most"
"to the agencies and adopted the white ways. Rumors of Crazy Horse's desire to slip away and return to the old ways of life started to spread at the Red Cloud and Spotted Tail agencies. In August 1877, officers at Camp Robinson received word that the Nez Perce of Chief Joseph had broken out of their reservation in Idaho and were fleeing north through Montana toward Canada. When asked by Lieutenant Clark to join the Army against the Nez Perce, Crazy Horse and the Miniconjou leader Touch the Clouds objected, saying that they had promised to remain at peace when"
"a complaint, walked slowly to a little camp fire, occupied by his people about 20 yards away, and sat down among the women and children."" Crazy Horse attempted to rescue American Horse and his family. Indians who escaped Mills' early morning assault spread the word to nearby Lakota and Cheyenne camps, and informed Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull and other leaders they were attacked by 100-150 soldiers. Crazy Horse immediately assembled 600-800 warriors and rode about ten miles northward to rescue Chief American Horse and recover ponies and supplies. During the afternoon Chief American Horse and some of the squaws informed"
"the famous warriors of Crazy Horse, they fought the Federal government for the rights of the indigenous people of America. Members included Lincoln Red Crow, Gina Bad Horse, Catcher, Lawrence Belcourt, and Reginald Standing Rock. Reginald Standing Rock: One of the activists on the rez back in the day, he was suspected of being an informant for the FBI. Red Crow confronted him alone and although Reggie didn't confirm his status, he didn't deny it. Standing Rock was Red Crow's first murder victim—he choked Standing Rock for 11 minutes. Standing Rock's status as an informant is debated still by members"
"Custer. It contributed to Custer’s subsequent defeat at the Battle of the Little Bighorn. A week later at 3:00 p.m. on June 25, 1876, Custer's 7th Cavalry attacked a large encampment of Cheyenne and Lakota bands along the Little Bighorn River, marking the beginning of his last battle. Crazy Horse's actions during the battle are unknown. Hunkpapa warriors led by Chief Gall led the main body of the attack. Crazy Horse's tactical and leadership role in the battle remains ambiguous. While some historians think that Crazy Horse led a flanking assault, ensuring the death of Custer and his men, the"
"incomplete Crazy Horse Memorial in the Black Hills of South Dakota, near the town of Berne. Like the nearby Mount Rushmore National Memorial, it is a monument carved out of a mountainside. The sculpture was begun by Polish-American sculptor Korczak Ziółkowski, who had worked under Gutzon Borglum on Mount Rushmore, in 1948. Plans call for the completed monument to be wide and high. Ziółkowski was inspired to create the Crazy Horse Memorial after receiving a letter from native Lakota chief Henry Standing Bear, who asked if Ziółkowski would be interested in creating a monument for the native North Americans to"
"popular hiking destination. The presence of Native Americans in the Black Hills is represented by the Crazy Horse Memorial, which is a carved sculpture in the mountains of the martyred Lakota leader, Crazy Horse. The sculpture is designed to symbolize the culture, tradition and living heritage of North American Indians. Today, Lakota people believe that the Black Hills are sacred and should be returned for that reason. Conversely, Historian David Miller in ""Historian's View of S.705: The Sioux Nation Black Hills Bill"" states that people who oppose the return of the Black Hills believe that, since the traditional religious ceremonies"
"captured horse also belonged to the Overland Stage company. After the skirmish, Brigadier General Patrick E. Connor issued an official report on the action dated August 19, 1865. It read as follows: The estimates of where the massacre happened vary from fifty to eighty miles north of Fort Connor, according to the various diaries and reports. It most likely took place somewhere between the mouth of Crazy Woman Creek and present-day Arvada, Wyoming on the Powder River. The site of the graves of the 24 Cheyennes who were killed remains unknown. United States Army, Captain Frank Joshua North Native Americans,"
"with considerable ability and presence while being a recognized trouble maker. Crazy Horse's last words, uttered to Little Big Man and others after he was bayoneted by a soldier, were ""Let me go my friends. You have got me hurt enough."" Little Big Man Little Big Man (Lakota: Wičháša Tȟáŋkala), or Charging Bear, was an Oglala Lakota, or Oglala Sioux, who was a fearless and respected warrior who fought under, and was rivals with, Crazy Horse (""His-Horse-Is-Crazy""). He opposed the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie and fought against efforts by the United States to take control of the ancestral Sioux"
"Lakota wanted the memorial in the sacred Black Hills on a -high mountain. The monument was expected to be the largest sculpture in the world. When completed, it would be high by long. Crazy Horse's head would be large enough to contain all the -high heads of the Presidents at Mount Rushmore. On June 3, 1948, the first blast was made, and the memorial was dedicated to the Native American people. In 1950, Ziolkowski and Ruth Ross, who had become a volunteer at the monument, were married. Work continued slowly, since he refused to accept government grants. Instead, as he"
"in which the United States sought to force Native American tribes in the region onto reservations. United States Army forces under the command of General George Crook were attacked here by a mixed force of Lakota Sioux and Cheyenne commanded by Crazy Horse, stopping an advance that was part of an intended three-pronged movement against Native villages in Bighorn area. Over a six-hour period, the battle extended across a nearly area along Rosebud Creek. It was tactically a stalemate, but Crook failed to make the planned rendezvous and withdrew from the theater of war, ultimately leaving General George Armstrong Custer"
"unique school and produced a new generation of Native American leadership in the United States. Wild Westing and the Carlisle Indian School were portals to education, opportunity and hope, and came at a time when the Lakota people were impoverished, harassed and confined. Most Wild Westers were Oglala Lakota from Pine Ridge, South Dakota, the first Lakota people to go Wild Westing. Known as ""Show Indians"", Oglala Wild Westers referred to themselves as ""Oskate Wicasa"" or ""Show Man"", a title of great honor and respect. On March 31, 1887, Chief Blue Horse, Chief American Horse and Chief Red Shirt and"
"Agency amidst an environment of intense politics. Fearing he was about to break away, the Army moved to surround his village and arrest the leader on September 4, 1877. Crazy Horse slipped away to the Spotted Tail Agency. The following day, Crazy Horse was brought back to Camp Robinson with the promise that he could meet with the post commander. Instead, he was taken to the guard house under arrest. During his struggle to escape, he was fatally bayoneted by a soldier. While many of the Lakota surrendered at the various agencies along the Missouri River or in northwestern Nebraska,"