"The words burcad badeed mean ""ocean robber"" in what African language?"
"province of Puntland until the regional administration launched a major anti-piracy campaign and operation and established a maritime police force (PMPF). According to a 2008 BBC report, the pirates can be divided into three main categories: The closest Somali term for 'pirate' is ""burcad badeed"", which means ""ocean robber"". However, the pirates themselves prefer to be called ""badaadinta badah"" or ""saviours of the sea"" (often translated as ""coastguard""). The methods used in a typical pirate attack have been analyzed. They show that while attacks can be expected at any time, most occur during the day; often in the early hours."
"as the migration of the Banu Hilal and Banu Sulaym tribes to North Africa. Medieval Arabic sources frequently refer to North Africa (excluding Egypt) as ""Bilad Al Barbar"" or 'Land of the Berbers' (Arabic: بلادالبربر) prior to the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb. This designation may have given rise to the term Barbary Coast which was used by Europeans until the 19th century to refer to coastal Northwest Africa. But the cultural impact of Islam was big as it was the only boost for the spread of the Arabic language. Since the populations were partially affiliated with the Arab Muslim"
"the non-Arabs in North Africa (though not by themselves). The geographical term Barbary or Barbary Coast, and the name of the Barbary pirates based on that coast (and who were not necessarily Berbers) were also derived from it. The term has also been used to refer to people from Barbary, a region encompassing most of North Africa. The name of the region, ""Barbary,"" comes from the Arabic word ""Barbar,"" possibly from the Latin word ""barbaricum,"" meaning ""land of the barbarians."" Many languages define the ""Other"" as those who do not speak one's language; Greek ""barbaroi"" was paralleled by Arabic ""ajam"""
"as (Darija or Derja (), which means ""everyday/colloquial language"". The variants of Maghrebi derja have a significant Berber, Latin and possibly Neo-Punic substratum. However, they also have many loanwords from French, Turkish, Italian and the languages of Spain. Medieval Arabic sources refers to Northwest Africa as ""Ifriqiya"", ""Mauretania"" or as ""Bilad Al Barbar"" ('Land of the Berbers') (Arabic: بلادالبربر). This designation may have given rise to the term Barbary Coast which was used by Europeans until the 19th century to refer to coastal Northwest Africa. Since the populations were partially affiliated with the Arab Muslim culture, Northwest Africa also started"
"called Ottoman corsairs or Berber pirates, were pirates and privateers who operated from North Africa, based primarily in the ports of Tunis, Tripoli, and Algiers. This area was known in Europe as the Barbary Coast, a term derived from the name of its Berber inhabitants. Their predation extended throughout the Mediterranean, south along West Africa's Atlantic seaboard and even to the eastern coast of South America with Brazil, and into the North Atlantic Ocean as far north as Iceland, but they primarily operated in the western Mediterranean. In addition to seizing ships, they engaged in ""razzias"", raids on European coastal"
"Beidane Beidane or Beidan () is an Arabic term used in the Maghreb region of North Africa to refer to the Caucasian or white Moors. In contrast to Haratin, which refers to those with a darker complexion, or black. The Beidane inhabit most of what is now Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and to a lesser extent Egypt. The Beidane refers to those of Arab, Berber, or Arab-Berber descent, however, large populations on the northern coast of North Africa, also have Iberian blood; going back to the Spanish Reconquista. The main language of the Beidane is Arabic and to a lesser"
"Barbary pirates The Barbary pirates, sometimes called Barbary corsairs or Ottoman corsairs, were Ottoman and Maghrebis pirates and privateers who operated from North Africa, based primarily in the ports of Salé, Rabat, Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli. This area was known in Europe as the Barbary Coast, a term derived from the name of its Berber inhabitants. Their predation extended throughout the Mediterranean, south along West Africa's Atlantic seaboard and into the North Atlantic as far north as Iceland, but they primarily operated in the western Mediterranean. In addition to seizing merchant ships, they engaged in ""Razzias"", raids on European coastal"
"are inhabited by the people of Bilad Al-Berber a medieval term used by Arabs to describe Somalis. For many years Mogadishu functioned as the pre-eminent city in the بلد البربر (""Bilad al Barbar"" - ""Land of the Berbers""), as medieval Arabic-speakers named the Somali coast. Following his visit to the city, the 12th-century Syrian historian Yaqut al-Hamawi (a former slave of Greek origin) wrote a global history of many places he visited Mogadishu and called it the richest and most powerful city in the region and was an Islamic center across the Indian Ocean. Archaeological excavations have recovered many coins"
"(said to mean ""black""), and the Arabic word ""barr"", which means coast or shore. The indigenous populations of eastern Africa are thought to be the linguistically isolated Hadza and Sandawe hunter-gatherers of Tanzania. The first wave of migration was by Southern Cushitic speakers who moved south from Ethiopia into Tanzania. They are ancestral to the Iraqw, Gorowa, and Burunge. Based on linguistic evidence, there may also have been two movements into Tanzania of Eastern Cushitic people at about 4,000 and 2,000 years ago, originating from north of Lake Turkana. Archaeological evidence supports the conclusion that Southern Nilotes, including the Datoog,"
"of Africa. Gothic Vandals briefly established a kingdom there in the 5th century, which shortly thereafter fell to the Romans again, this time the Byzantines. The whole of Roman/Byzantine North Africa eventually fell to the Arabs in the 7th century. Arabs introduced the Arabic language and Islam in the early Medieval period, while the Malay people introduced varieties of their language to Madagascar even earlier. Early European expeditions by the Portuguese concentrated on colonising previously uninhabited islands such as the Cape Verde Islands and São Tomé Island, or establishing coastal forts as a base for trade. Established empires, notably Britain,"
"of the Arab conquest of North Africa, and the intermarriage between the Arabian and Persian people who immigrated to those regions and local mainly Roman Africans and other Berber people; in addition, Banu Hilal and Sulaym Arab tribes originating in the Arabian Peninsula invaded the region and intermarried with the local rural mainly Berber populations, and were a major factor in the linguistic, cultural and ethnic Arabization of the Maghreb. Alongside Berber speakers, arabized Berbers form the core of the native populations of the Maghreb, namely Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia. Arab-Berbers primarily speak variants of Maghrebi Arabic, also known"
"Harraga Harragas (from Arabic حراقة, ""ḥarrāga, ḥarrāg"", ""those who burn"" (the frontier)) are North African migrants who attempt to illegally immigrate to Europe or to European-controlled islands in makeshift boats. The word Harraga (in ar: حراقة), is from Algerian Arabic, designating ""those who burn."", meaning those who burn their ID-papers and seek their fortune as asylumseekers in Europe. The Harrga is the action of ""burning the borders and the sea."" On the Mediterranean coast of North Africa, Algerian, Tunisian, and Moroccan harragas typically hope to cross the Strait of Gibraltar in order to reach Spain, specifically the Spanish regions of"
"is derived from the Berber populations of the pre-Islamic period. Arabized Berber Arabized Berber denotes an inhabitant of the Maghreb region in northwestern Africa, whose native language is a local dialect of Arabic and whose origins are Berber. The expression holds that most populations in North Africa are of Berber heritage, including those inhabiting Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Western Sahara, and Mauritania. The widespread language shift from Berber to Arabic happened, at least partially, due to the privileged status that the Arabic language has generally been given in the states of North Africa, from the Arab conquest in 652 up"
"bunder: Bandar (port) Bandar or Bunder (in Persian بندر) is a Persian word meaning ""port"" and ""haven"". Etymologically it combines Persian بند ""Band"" (enclosed) and در ""dar"" (gate, door) meaning ""an enclosed area"" (i.e. protected from the sea). The word travelled with Persian sailors over a wide area leading to several coastal places in Iran and elsewhere having Bandar (haven) as part of their names. In some Indian languages the word Bandargah means ""port"". In Indonesian Malay it means ""port"". In Assamese-Bengali languages ""bondor"" means port. Various ports around the world derive their names from the word ""bandar"". Some of"
"most famous of the corsairs in North Africa were brothers Oruç and Hızır Hayreddin. They, and two less well-known brothers, all became Barbary corsairs; they were called the Barbarossas (Italian for Redbeards) after the red beard of Oruç, the eldest. Oruç captured the island of Djerba for the Ottoman Empire in 1502 or 1503. He often attacked Spanish territories on the coast of North Africa; during one failed attempt in 1512 he lost his left arm to a cannonball. The eldest Barbarossa also went on a rampage through Algiers in 1516, and captured the town with the help of the"
"Barbary Coast The term Barbary Coast or Berbery or Berber Coast was used by Europeans from the 16th to early 19th century to refer to much of the collective land of the Berber people. The term ""Barbary Coast"" emphasizes the Berber coastal regions and cities throughout the middle and western coastal regions of North Africa – what is now modern nations of Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya. The English term ""Barbary"" (and its European varieties: ""Barbaria"", ""Berbérie"", etc.) referred mainly to the entire Berber lands including non-coastal regions, deep into the African continent, as seen in European geographical and political"
"Marinids (Morocco, 1248–1465) and the Wattasids (Morocco, 1471–1554). Unlike the conquests of previous religions and cultures, the coming of Islam, which was spread by Arabs, was to have extensive and long-lasting effects on the Maghreb. The new faith, in its various forms, would penetrate nearly all segments of Berber society, bringing with it armies, learned men, and fervent mystics, and in large part replacing tribal practices and loyalties with new social norms and political idioms. Nonetheless, the Islamization and Arabization of the region was a complicated and lengthy process. Whereas nomadic Berbers were quick to convert and assist the Arab"
"but the Sahel in general, a region dubbed ""bilad al-sudan"", 'the land of the blacks', by Arabs as far back as the medieval era. In the era of British colonialism in Africa, colonial administrators too used ""the Sudan"" to mean the entire Sahel. How this Arabic language arose is unknown. In 1994, Braukämper proposed that it arose in Chad starting in 1635 by the fusion of a population of Arabic speakers with a population of Fulani nomads. (The Fulani are a people, or group of peoples, who originate at or near the Atlantic coast but have expanded into most of"
"main predators in North Africa were the Barbary leopard, the Barbary lion, and caracal, but now only humans threaten their populations. The binomial name ""Ammotragus lervia"" derives from the Greek ""ammos"" (""sand"", referring to the sand-coloured coat) and ""tragos"" (""goat""). ""Lervia"" derives from the wild sheep of northern Africa described as ""lerwee"" by Rev. T. Shaw in his ""Travels and Observations"" about parts of Barbary and Levant. The Spanish named this sheep the ""arruis"", and the Spanish Legion even used it as a mascot for a time. ""Aoudad"" () is the name for this sheep used by the Berbers, a"
"language does not have a native name shared by all its speakers, beyond ""Arabic"". It arose as the native language of nomadic cattle herders (""baggāra"", Standard Arabic ""baqqāra"", means 'cattlemen', from ""baqar""). Since the publication of a grammar of a Nigerian dialect in 1920, this language has become widely cited academically as ""Shuwa Arabic""; however, the term ""Shuwa"" was in use only among ""non-Arab people"" in Borno State. Around 2000, the term ""Western Sudanic Arabic"" was proposed by a specialist in the language, Jonathan Owens. The geographical sense of ""Sudanic"" invoked by Owens is not the modern country of Sudan,"
"maps published during the 17th–20th centuries. The name derives from the Berber people of North Africa (from greek ""Bàrbaroi"", Βάρβαροι, ""barbaric""). In the West, the name commonly evoked the Barbary pirates and Barbary slave traders based on that coast—who attacked ships and coastal settlements in the Mediterranean Sea and eastern North Atlantic Ocean, and captured and traded slaves or goods from Europe, America and sub-Saharan Africa. These actions finally provoked the Barbary Wars of the early 19th century. The slaves and goods were being traded and sold throughout the Ottoman Empire or to the Europeans themselves. ""Barbary"" was not always"
"Berbers Berbers, or Amazighs (Berber languages: ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵉⵗⴻⵏ, ""Imaziɣen""; singular: ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵗ, ""Amaziɣ""), are an ethnic group indigenous to North Africa, primarily inhabiting Algeria, northern Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, northern Niger, Tunisia, Libya and a part of western Egypt. Berbers are distributed in an area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Siwa Oasis in Egypt and from the Mediterranean Sea to the Niger River in West Africa. Historically, they spoke Berber languages, which together form the Berber branch of the Afroasiatic family. Since the Muslim conquest of North Africa in the 7th century, a large number of Berbers inhabiting the Maghreb (Tamazgha)"
"(cf. The Journeys of Sinbad in the ""One Thousand and One Nights"") for contact between Muslim traders and Pacific islands prior to European discoveries and landfalls. Captain Cook noted the expression """"ko e vaka no papalangi"""" (the boats of Papalangi) in Tonga, with Cook's transcription being ""Towacka no papalangie"" and his translation as ""cloth ships"". The specific origin of this term remains uncertain. The term has gained widespread use throughout much of western Polynesia including Tokelau, Tuvalu, 'Uvea and Futuna, etc., with the expansion of use of the term being though to have occurred in the 18th century when Tongans,"
"Arabized Berber Arabized Berber denotes an inhabitant of the Maghreb region in northwestern Africa, whose native language is a local dialect of Arabic and whose origins are Berber. The expression holds that most populations in North Africa are of Berber heritage, including those inhabiting Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Western Sahara, and Mauritania. The widespread language shift from Berber to Arabic happened, at least partially, due to the privileged status that the Arabic language has generally been given in the states of North Africa, from the Arab conquest in 652 up until the European conquest in the twentieth century, as well"
"Baggara The Baggāra are a grouping of Arab ethnic groups inhabiting the portion of Africa's Sahel mainly between Lake Chad and southern Kordofan, numbering over one million. They are known as Baggara in Sudan, and as Shuwa/Diffa Arabs in Chad and Nigeria. Their name derives from the Arabic word () literally meaning ""cattle herder"". They have a common language, Shuwa Arabic, which is one of the regional varieties of Arabic. They also have a common traditional mode of subsistence, nomadic cattle herding, although nowadays many lead a settled existence. Nevertheless, collectively they do not all necessarily consider themselves one people,"
"Lisan al-Gharbi Lisan al-Gharbi (Arabic for ""Western dialect"") is the name given to an extinct dialect of Berber that was spoken over much of the Atlantic plains of Morocco. It was closely related to Tashelhit. The Lisan al-Gharbi was the official language of the Barghawata Confederacy, and the idiom used in Salih ibn Tarif's ""indigenous Qur'an"". The Barghawata's defeat by Almoravids in the 11th century, the settlement of several Arab and Zenata tribes in the area by Almohads and Marinids, the Portuguese invasion in the 15th century, several famines and the resulting displacement of populations made the Masmouda minoritary while"
"disappeared, archaeological evidence of their existence remains in the form of middens containing seashells, pottery and the bones of whales and seals, as well as ash and charcoal. The name is Afrikaans and Dutch for “beach walker”. The term has been extended by archaeologists to refer to coastal communities with subsistence economies based on beachcombing and a marine diet. The term was also borrowed during South Africa's apartheid era by some white South Africans, as a gesture of rejection of the government's racial policies through self-identification with the native inhabitants of the country, and subsequently by those attracted by the"
"in the 1340s of Ibn Battutah. The well-known North African traveler wrote how a Moroccan, one ""Abu Barakat the Berber"", was believed to have been responsible for spreading Islam in the islands, reportedly convincing the local king after having subdued Ranna Maari, a demon coming from the sea. Even though this report has been contested in later sources, it does explain some crucial aspects of Maldivian culture. For instance, historically Arabic has been the prime language of administration there, instead of the Persian and Urdu languages used in the nearby Muslim states. Another link to North Africa was the Maliki"
"Indian Ocean for the rest of their history. Mir Ali Beg Mir Ali Beg, or Mir Ali Bey was an Ottoman corsair (or buccaneer) in the late 16th century. Throughout the 1580s, Ali Beg reportedly led several expeditions in the attempt of the Ottoman Empire to contest the Portuguese control of the Persian Gulf, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean down the Eastern Coast of Africa. He began this chain of expeditions in 1581, when he raided the Portuguese controlled city of Muscat, Oman, which appears to have been a resounding success. From there he would begin making his way down"
"to the north. The term largely fell out of use post- Middle Ages. Beidane Beidane or Beidan () is an Arabic term used in the Maghreb region of North Africa to refer to the Caucasian or white Moors. In contrast to Haratin, which refers to those with a darker complexion, or black. The Beidane inhabit most of what is now Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and to a lesser extent Egypt. The Beidane refers to those of Arab, Berber, or Arab-Berber descent, however, large populations on the northern coast of North Africa, also have Iberian blood; going back to the Spanish"
"Bajan Creole Bajan () or Barbadian English is an English-based creole language with African influences spoken on the Caribbean island of Barbados. Bajan is primarily a spoken language, meaning that in general, standard English is used in print, in the media, in the judicial system, in government, and in day-to-day business, while Bajan is reserved for less formal situations, in music, or in social commentary. Ethnologue estimates that Barbados has around 1,000 people who use English as their main language and 286,000 people who use Bajan as their main language. Bajan is the Caribbean creole with grammar that most resembles"
"to the Sultan of Sulu's subjects as Moros (Spanish for ""Moors""). The word Moor was derived from the ancient ""Mauri/Maure"" tribe of North Africa, found in the ancient Roman Provinces of Mauretania Tingitana and Mauretania Caesariensis. Today, the descendants of the Mauri/Maure - the Berbers - continue to occupy the northwestern coasts of Africa, and are spread throughout the countries of Morocco, western Algeria, and Mauritania, all of which are North African countries just across the narrow western end of the Mediterranean Sea from Spain, and peopled by Muslims which conquered and ruled Spain for 800 years. This explains the"
"his Admiral, Hussein the Kurd. Jeddah by forced labor was soon fortified under Barakat II bin Muhammad better known as Barakat Efendi as a harbor of refuge from the Portuguese; now Arabia and the Red Sea were protected. But the fleets in the Indian Ocean were at the mercy of the enemy. Various engagements took place; in one of these, an Egyptian ship belonging to Al-Ashraf Qansuh al-Ghawri, and in the following year a fleet of seventeen vessels from Arabian harbors- were after a hard struggle taken by the Portuguese, the cargo seized, the pilgrims and crew slain, and the"