Often called German measles, what is the proper name for this disease?
"of cases), middle ear infection (7%), and pneumonia (6%). Less commonly seizures, blindness, or inflammation of the brain may occur. Rubella, which is sometimes called German measles, and roseola are different diseases caused by unrelated viruses. Measles is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of infected people. It may also be spread through contact with saliva or nasal secretions. Nine out of ten people who are not immune and share living space with an infected person will be infected . People are infectious to others from four days before to four days after the start"
"Rubella Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is an infection caused by the rubella virus. This disease is often mild with half of people not realizing that they are infected. A rash may start around two weeks after exposure and last for three days. It usually starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body. The rash is sometimes itchy and is not as bright as that of measles. Swollen lymph nodes are common and may last a few weeks. A fever, sore throat, and fatigue may also occur. In adults joint pain is"
"the announcement, said there was no chance it would be eradicated worldwide before 2020. Rubella is the third disease to be eliminated from the western hemisphere with vaccination after smallpox and polio. The name ""rubella"" is sometimes confused with ""rubeola"", an alternative name for measles in English-speaking countries; the diseases are unrelated. In some other European languages, like Spanish, ""rubella"" and ""rubeola"" are synonyms, and ""rubeola"" is not an alternative name for measles. Thus, in Spanish, ""rubeola"" refers to rubella and ""sarampión"" refers to measles. Rubella Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is an infection caused by"
"studies by German physician David Bardens, Lanka did not accept the findings, forcing Bardens to appeal in court. The legal case ended with the ruling that Lanka was to pay the prize. The case received wide international coverage that prompted many to comment on it, including neurologist, well-known skeptic and science-based medicine advocate Steven Novella, who called Lanka ""a crank"". Other names include morbilli, rubeola, red measles, and English measles. In May 2015, the journal ""Science"", published a report in which researchers found that the measles infection can leave a population at increased risk for mortality from other diseases for"
"taxonomical names, and acronyms. It was first reported in 1891 as Wipfelkrankheit, which is German for ""treetop disease"". This term is also used in English, as is ""wilt disease"". The term ""flacherie"", a name that refers to an entirely different disease, was once identified as this virus. Another antiquated term, ""caterpillar cholera"", was also used early in the 20th century. The virus has also been referred to as ""Borralinivirus reprimens"". It has many modern names, including ""gypsy moth nucleopolyhedrosis virus"", ""Lymantria dispar"" MNPV, ""Lymantria dispar"" multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus, ""Lymantria dispar"" nuclear polyhedrosis virus, ""Lymantria dispar"" nucleopolyhedrovirus, and ""Lymantria disper"""
"its introduction to the continent between the fifth and seventh centuries. Measles was endemic throughout the highly populated countries of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. In England the disease, then called ""mezils"", was first described in the 13th century, and it was probably one of the 49 plagues that occurred between 526 and 1087. Rinderpest, which is caused by a virus closely related to measles virus, is a disease of cattle known since Roman times. The disease, which originated in Asia, was first brought to Europe by the invading Huns in 370. Later invasions of Mongols, led by"
"the disease became available in 1963. An improved measles vaccine became available in 1968. Measles as an endemic disease was eliminated from the United States in 2000, but continues to be reintroduced by international travelers. German anti-vaccination campaigner and HIV/AIDS denialist Stefan Lanka posed a challenge on his website in 2011, offering a sum of €100,000 for anyone who could scientifically prove that measles is caused by a virus and determine the diameter of the virus. He posits that the illness is psychosomatic and that the measles virus does not exist. When provided with overwhelming scientific evidence from various medical"
"Zakariya al-Razi (865–925) – known as ""Rhazes"" – first identified it. Rhazes used the Arabic name ""hasbah"" for measles. It has had many other names including ""rubeola"" from the Latin word ""rubeus"", ""red"", and ""morbilli"", ""small plague"". The close similarities between measles virus, canine distemper virus and rinderpest virus have given rise to speculation that measles was first transmitted to humans from domesticated dogs or cattle. The measles virus appears to have fully diverged from the then-widespread rinderpest virus by the 12th century. A measles infection confers lifelong immunity. Therefore, the virus requires a high population density to become endemic,"
"fever rarely rises above 38 °C (100.4 °F). The rash of German measles is typically pink or light red. The rash causes itching and often lasts for about three days. The rash disappears after a few days with no staining or peeling of the skin. When the rash clears up, the skin might shed in very small flakes where the rash covered it. Forchheimer's sign occurs in 20% of cases, and is characterized by small, red papules on the area of the soft palate. Rubella can affect anyone of any age. Adult women are particularly prone to arthritis and joint"
"the total deaths. In Sub-Saharan Africa, over 75% of cases were due to ""P. falciparum"", whereas in most other malarial countries, other, less virulent plasmodial species predominate. Falciparum malaria was familiar to the ancient Greeks, who gave the general name ""pyretós"" ""fever"". Hippocrates (c. 460-370 BCE) gave several descriptions on tertian fever and quartan fever. It was prevalent throughout the ancient Egyptian and Roman civilizations. It was the Romans who named the disease ""malaria""—""mala"" for bad, and ""aria"" for air, as they believed that the disease was spread by contaminated air, or miasma. A German physician, Johann Friedrich Meckel, must"
"two to three years. A specific drug treatment for measles, ERDRP-0519 has shown promising results in animal studies, but has not yet been tested in humans. Measles Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus. Symptoms usually develop 10–12 days after exposure to an infected person and last 7–10 days. Initial symptoms typically include fever, often greater than , cough, runny nose, and inflamed eyes. Small white spots known as Koplik's spots may form inside the mouth two or three days after the start of symptoms. A red, flat rash which usually starts on the face"
"Measles virus Measles virus (MeV) is a single-stranded, negative-sense, enveloped (non-segmented) RNA virus of the genus ""Morbillivirus"" within the family ""Paramyxoviridae"". Humans are the natural hosts of the virus; no animal reservoirs are known to exist. The measles virus is the cause of measles, an infection of the respiratory system. Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes and a generalized, maculopapular, erythematous rash. The virus is highly contagious and is spread by coughing and sneezing via close personal contact or direct contact with secretions. The measles virus has two envelope glycoproteins on the viral surface—hemagglutinin (H) and membrane fusion"
"Measles is a respiratory disease caused by the virus of the same name, it normally grows in the cells that line the back of the throat and lungs. In pregnant women in can cause miscarriages or pre-mature births. While measles is almost gone from the United States, it still kills about 164,000 people each year around the world. In developing countries that suffer from malnutrition and vitamin A deficiency, measles has been known to kill as many as 1 out of 4 people and it is the leading cause of blindness among African children. Measles spreads from person to person"
"Measles Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus. Symptoms usually develop 10–12 days after exposure to an infected person and last 7–10 days. Initial symptoms typically include fever, often greater than , cough, runny nose, and inflamed eyes. Small white spots known as Koplik's spots may form inside the mouth two or three days after the start of symptoms. A red, flat rash which usually starts on the face and then spreads to the rest of the body typically begins three to five days after the start of symptoms. Common complications include diarrhea (in 8%"
"where it can lead to a wide plages of subcutaneous necrosis, with swelling of the arm. Ivermectin is efficient for individual treatments of the illness. But surgical excision, although very haemorrhagic, is far more efficient. A similar disease, sometimes referred to as ""Cascado"", occurs in Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia) and is caused by ""Stephanofilaria"" species. Epidemiology differs among the countries in which it has been reported, and is dependent upon temperature and rainfall patterns, and the subsequent multiplication of the fly vectors. In Germany, the verminous nodules start in May and June, 2 to 4 weeks after the beginning of pasture"
"measles patients were treated in Engela, and many children died of this disease. Measles causes lots of complications, such as eye conditions, which increased the number of patients in Engela. In early 1938 Rainio made a health trip to Swakopmund. Now it was found that a tumour that had been found in her lung the previous year, when she had been ill with fever, had grown bigger. Doctor Schwietering wanted to send Rainio to Finland because of this. He had diagnosed the tumour as being lung cancer, but it seems he did not communicate this to Rainio. However, Rainio still"
"The family name of all the herpesviridae derives from the Greek word ""herpein"" (""to creep""), referring to the latent, recurring infections typical of this group of viruses. ""Zoster"" comes from Greek ""zōstēr"", meaning ""belt"" or ""girdle"", after the characteristic belt-like dermatomal rash. The common name for the disease, ""shingles"", derives from the Latin ""cingulus"", a variant of Latin ""cingulum"" meaning ""girdle"". In Arabic its name means ""belt of fire"", while in Spanish it means ""small snake""; in Hindi it means ""big rash"" and in Norwegian its name is ""helvetesild"", literally ""hell's fire"". Until the mid 1990s, infectious complications of the"
"Hamburg killed 8,600 people. Smallpox is caused by either of the two viruses, Variola major and Variola minor. Smallpox vaccine was available in Europe, the United States, and the Spanish Colonies during the last part of the century. The Latin names of this disease are Variola Vera. The words come from varius (spotted) or varus (pimple). In England this disease was first known as the ""pox"" or the ""red plague"". Smallpox settles itself in small blood vessels of the skin and in the mouth and throat. The symptoms of smallpox are rash on the skin and blisters filled with raised"
"of infectious diseases. Werner is remembered for his description of trench fever during an outbreak of the disease in World War I. The disorder is sometimes referred to as ""Werner–His disease"", named in conjunction with Swiss anatomist Wilhelm His, Jr., who also described the malady. The disease is caused by the parasite ""Rickettsia quintana"", and transmitted to humans by the body louse ""Pediculus humanus corporis"". During his career, Werner published a number of articles on tropical and parasitic diseases. Heinrich Werner (physician) Heinrich Werner (14 May 1874 – 1946) was a German physician born in Mühlhausen, Saxony. He studied medicine"
"142 measles-related fatalities. In the Naga Self-Administered Zone in a remote northern region of Myanmar, at least 40 children died during a measles outbreak in August 2016 that was probably caused by lack of vaccination in an area of poor health infrastructure. Estimates based on modern molecular biology place the emergence of measles as a human disease sometime after 500 AD (the former speculation that the Antonine Plague of 165–180 AD was caused by measles is now discounted). The first systematic description of measles, and its distinction from smallpox and chickenpox, is credited to the Persian physician Rhazes (860–932), who"
"and symptoms of illness. Remembering Baron Munchausen, Asher named this condition Munchausen's Syndrome in his article in The Lancet in February 1951, quoted in his obituary in the British Medical Journal: Asher's nomenclature sparked some controversy, with medical authorities debating the appropriateness of the name for about fifty years. While Asher was praised for bringing cases of factitious disorder to light, participants in the debate objected variously that a literary allusion was inappropriate given the seriousness of the disease; that its use of the anglicized spelling ""Munchausen"" showed poor form; that the name linked the disease with the real-life Münchhausen,"
"to mothers who had caught rubella in early pregnancy. Gregg published an account, ""Congenital Cataract Following German Measles in the Mother"", in 1941. He described a variety of problems now known as congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) and noticed that the earlier the mother was infected, the worse the damage was. Since no vaccine was yet available, some popular magazines promoted the idea of ""German measles parties"" for infected children to spread the disease to other children (especially girls) to immunize them for life and protect them from later catching the disease when pregnant. The virus was isolated in tissue culture"
"is also the grandson of the former German Member of Parliament Dr. Hans Bardens. In November 2011 the anti-immunization activist Stefan Lanka guaranteed a prize of €100,000 for proof of the existence of the measles virus and the determination of its diameter. Lanka claims the measles are basically a skin irritation caused by a mixture of psychosomatic triggers and poisoning. Bardens contacted Lanka on January 30, 2012 for confirmation of the contest and eventually provided six publications as an answer to the questions. Legal procedures began on September 29, 2013 when Lanka declared that he would not accept the papers"
"Aedes Aedes is a genus of mosquitoes originally found in tropical and subtropical zones, but now found on all continents except Antarctica. Some species have been spread by human activity. ""Aedes albopictus"", a most invasive species, was recently spread to the New World, including the United States, by the used-tire trade. First described and named by German entomologist Johann Wilhelm Meigen in 1818, the generic name comes from the Ancient Greek ἀηδής, ""aēdēs"", meaning ""unpleasant"" or ""odious"". The type species for ""Aedes"" is ""Aedes cinereus"". Some species of this genus transmit serious diseases, including dengue fever, yellow fever, the Zika"
"and other institutions to close in an attempt to contain the disease. Many children in ultra-Orthodox Jewish communities were affected due to low vaccination coverage. As of 2008, the disease is endemic in the United Kingdom, with 1,217 cases diagnosed in 2008, and epidemics have been reported in Austria, Italy and Switzerland. On February 19, 2009, 505 measles cases were reported in twelve provinces in northern Vietnam, with Hanoi accounting for 160 cases. A high rate of complications, including meningitis and encephalitis, has worried health workers, and the U.S. CDC recommended all travelers be immunized against measles. Beginning in April"
"fever exists, and measures to prevent mosquito bites include: insecticides such as DDT, mosquito traps, insect repellents, and mosquito nets. The genus was named by Johann Wilhelm Meigen in 1818. The generic name comes from the Ancient Greek ἀηδής, ""aēdēs"", meaning ""unpleasant"" or ""odious"". As historically defined, the genus contains over 700 species (see the list of ""Aedes"" species). The genus has been divided into several subgenera (""Aedes"", ""Diceromyia"", ""Finlaya"", ""Stegomyia"", etc.), most of which have been recently treated by some authorities as full genera. The classification was revised in 2009. Aedes Aedes is a genus of mosquitoes originally found"
"were visible. In 1976, the organization changed its name to the March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation. Reducing the toll of premature birth was added as a mission objective in 2005. Rubella, also called German measles, is associated with a disorder called congenital rubella syndrome, which can cause miscarriages and birth defects such as deafness, blindness and mental retardation. Vaccination is an effective preventive measure. On behalf of the March of Dimes, Virginia Apgar testified to the United States Senate in 1969 about the importance of federal funding of a rubella immunization program, and the organization funded a vaccine, which"
"because of the characteristic black skin lesions developed by victims with a cutaneous anthrax infection. The central, black eschar, surrounded by vivid red skin has long been recognised as typical of the disease. The first recorded use of the word ""anthrax"" in English is in a 1398 translation of Bartholomaeus Anglicus' work """" (""On the Properties of Things"", 1240). Anthrax has been known by a wide variety of names, indicating its symptoms, location and groups considered most vulnerable to infection. These include Siberian plague, Cumberland disease, charbon, splenic fever, malignant edema, woolsorter's disease, and even """". Robert Koch, a German"
"They mainly occurred in men of ages 31 to 51 and young adults aged 24–34. Rubella was first described in the mid-eighteenth century. Friedrich Hoffmann made the first clinical description of rubella in 1740, which was confirmed by de Bergen in 1752 and Orlow in 1758. In 1814, George de Maton first suggested that it be considered a disease distinct from both measles and scarlet fever. All these physicians were German, and the disease was known as Rötheln (contemporary German ""Röteln""), hence the common name of ""German measles"". Henry Veale, an English Royal Artillery surgeon, described an outbreak in India."
"myelin of neurons in the CNS, deficiency of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the visual cortex and auditory cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum, which relate to general learning and motor skill acquisition. Rubella, synonymous with German measles, is a disease caused by a virus with the same name and is highly contagious. It is often combated using preventative measures, typically through vaccination. For children and adults it can be overcome quite easily once vaccinated, however, if the fetus is exposed to the virus, especially during the first trimester (the first three months of pregnancy), major implications can occur. Rubella, in a"
"homeless. Outbreaks have been documented, for example, in Seattle and Baltimore in the United States among injection drug users and in Marseille, France, and Burundi. Trench fever is also called Wolhynia fever, shin bone fever, Meuse fever, His disease and His–Werner disease (after Wilhelm His Jr. and Heinrich Werner). The disease is caused by the bacterium ""Bartonella quintana"" (older names: ""Rochalimea quintana"", ""Rickettsia quintana""), found in the stomach walls of the body louse. ""Bartonella quintana"" is closely related to ""Bartonella henselae"", the agent of cat scratch fever and bacillary angiomatosis. The disease is classically a five-day fever of the relapsing"
"Melanie's Marvelous Measles Melanie's Marvelous Measles is a self-published children's book written by Australian author and anti-vaccine activist Stephanie Messenger. Through its story, the book argues that contracting measles is beneficial to health, and that vaccines are ineffective, in contradiction to current scientific data. The book was first published in 2012, but came to attention in 2015 after the Disneyland measles outbreak began during December of the previous year. Many commentators have criticized the book because of the dangers associated with contracting measles, and because its title is reminiscent of ""George's Marvellous Medicine"", by Roald Dahl, whose daughter, Olivia Dahl,"
"a viral hemorrhagic fever resembling ebola, was first recognized and described during an outbreak in the city. Workers accidentally were exposed to infected green monkey tissue at the city's former industrial plant (1967), the Behring-Werke, then part of Hoechst and today of CSL Behring, founded by Marburg citizen and first Nobel Prize in Medicine winner, Emil Adolf von Behring. During the outbreak, 31 people became infected and seven of them died. ""Marburg virus"" is named after the city per the custom of naming viruses after the location of their first recorded outbreak, this being given the name, Marburgvirus. Many homes"