Loop, bight, elbow, standing end and working end are the components of what, the varieties of which are the subject of a 1944 encyclopedic work The Ashley Book of ___?
"to the publisher is believed to have been lost, but many had been collected from a series of articles in ""Knotting Matters"", the Guild's quarterly publication. Additional errors have been identified since the 1991 corrections. At least one knot, the Hunter's bend (#1425A), was added in 1979. The Ashley Book of Knots The Ashley Book of Knots is an encyclopedia of knots written and illustrated by the American artist Clifford W. Ashley. First published in 1944, it was the culmination of over 11 years of work. The book contains exactly 3854 numbered entries and an estimated 7000 illustrations. The entries"
"the series of six articles in his own work as, ""...the best discussion of knots available in English, but out of print, and difficult to obtain."" Ashley also wrote ""The Yankee Whaler"" (1926) and ""The Whaleships of New Bedford"" (1929), studies of sperm whaling in New England in the late 18th century and early 19th century. Mount Ashley, standing south of the Bay of Isles, South Georgia, is named after Ashley. Clifford Warren Ashley Clifford Warren Ashley (December 18, 1881 – September 18, 1947) was an American artist, author, sailor, and knot expert. He was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts,"
"Ashley's bend Ashley's bend is a knot used to securely join the ends of two ropes together. It is similar to several related bend knots which consist of two interlocking overhand knots, and in particular the alpine butterfly bend. These related bends differ by the way the two constituent overhand knots are interlocked. The name ""Ashley's bend"" is now associated with the knot described in entry #1452 of ""The Ashley Book of Knots"". Clifford Ashley developed this bend and believed it to be original, along with several similar ones. Rather than giving it a name he simply noted the date"
"Ashley's bend Ashley's bend is a knot used to securely join the ends of two ropes together. It is similar to several related bend knots which consist of two interlocking overhand knots, and in particular the alpine butterfly bend. These related bends differ by the way the two constituent overhand knots are interlocked. The name ""Ashley's bend"" is now associated with the knot described in entry #1452 of ""The Ashley Book of Knots"". Clifford Ashley developed this bend and believed it to be original, along with several similar ones. Rather than giving it a name he simply noted the date"
"structure of the knot was not identified by Clifford Ashley (in 1944). All of the maneuvers to tie this knot are generally in the opposite (or 'anti' direction) relative to the bowline. Dan Lehman regards the general, bowline-like structure as an 'anti-bowline' in the sense of ""anti-clockwise"": in that with regard to the main nipping loop, the tail on returning from forming the eye is brought through this loop in the opposite direction relative to what is done for a bowline. When this knot is ring-loaded – and the knot effectively becomes an end-to-end knot – it is effectively a"
"Ashley Book of Knots"" was compiled and first published before the introduction of synthetic fiber ropes, during a time when natural fiber cordage - typically twisted, laid, or braided rope - was most commonly used. The commentary on some knots may fail to address their behavior when tied with modern synthetic fiber or kernmantle style ropes. Ashley suffered a debilitating stroke the year after the book was published. He was not able to produce an erratum or oversee a corrected edition. Corrections submitted by the International Guild of Knot Tyers were incorporated in 1991. The original list of revisions submitted"
"at the top of the hitched-to bight of the larger material. Presumably, Ashley et al. --though it is hard to excuse Swedish Sam Svensson, here!-- saw only the mistaken image and presumed the function of the knot. Whether it has ever seen actual nautical use is a fair question --it is there for the taking, but is also of a rather insecure/instable nature for doing serious work such as pulling a line through heavy seas. It is knot number 1463 in ""The Ashley Book of Knots"", and appeared in the 1916 Swedish knot manual ""Om Knutar"". Heaving line bend The"
"(ABOK #1734 and #1735) and the Magnus hitch (#1736). These three closely related hitches have a long and muddled naming history that leads to ambiguity in the naming of their adjustable loop forms as well. The use of the Ashley reference numbers for these inconsistently named hitches can eliminate ambiguity when required. See the adjacent image for an illustration of these related knots. An early use of the taut-line hitch name is found in Howard W. Riley's 1912 ""Knots, Hitches, and Splices"", although it is shown in the rolling hitch form and suggested for use as a stopper. Ashley uses"
"added that it ""might be rash to claim they have never been used before."" When Clifford Ashley covered the knot in 1944, calling it the lineman's loop, he attributed its first publication to J.M. Drew but made no specific reference as to the source of this claim. A 1912 article called ""Some Knots and Splices"" by Drew appears in the bibliography of ""The Ashley Book of Knots"". A 1913 reprint of this Drew article does not mention the butterfly loop. The loop is typically attached to a climbing harness by carabiner. It can also be used to isolate a worn"
"Ashley's stopper knot Ashley's stopper knot, also known as the oysterman's stopper, is a knot developed by Clifford W. Ashley around 1910. It makes a well-balanced trefoil-faced stopper at the end of the rope, giving greater resistance to pulling through an opening than other common stoppers. Essentially, the knot is a common overhand noose, but with the end of the rope passing through the noose eye, which closes upon it. It may be multiplied to form a larger knot with more than three bights appearing around the knot. It is the result of implementing a double wall knot in one"
"in at least three fundamentally different forms: mercantile, managerial, and entrepreneurial. ""The Shield of Achilles"" puts the subject of the State back on the table for constitutional theorists and historians after a long period in which other subjects—rights, for example—had eclipsed its centrality. Originally the work, in lengthier versions, was divided into separate books that were intended to stand alone. Book I, ""State of War"", describes a two-way, mutually affecting causal process that mediates between fundamental changes in the constitutional basis of society and deep innovations in its military strategy. To the much-debated question of whether state formation was caused"
"of England'), and achieved first-class honours in Modern History in 1929. He went on to take a DPhil, studying under David Ogg, and it was his doctoral thesis that became ""Financial and Commercial Policy Under the Commonwealth Protectorate"". Ashley's father worked as an official at the Board of Trade. In 1929 he was appointed literary assistant to Winston Churchill, who had just begun work on his biography """". Ashley provided Churchill with original material from archives in Britain and Europe, earning £300 a year for this half-time employment. Although he was unimpressed by Ashley's socialistic views, Churchill praised his ""competence"
"when he first tied it: ""(2/3/34.)"". Cyrus L. Day, a contemporary of Ashley's, called the knot by the name ""Ashley's Bend"" in his 1947 book ""The Art of Knotting & Splicing"" just a few years after the publication of Ashley's book. Later authors have continued to use this name. In the 1930s, Ashley performed security tests on a number of bends for the Collins and Aikman company. The manufacturer wanted a bend that would not slip when tied in mohair, a stiff slippery material. The jerk testing Ashley performed placed his bend, #1452, equal to the barrel knot in exhibiting"
"thousands of knots. He was the first author to publish several knots, including what are now called Ashley's stopper knot and Ashley's bend. However Ashley's initial foray as a knot author occurred with the 1925 publication of ""The Sailor and His Knots"", serialized in a Street & Smith pulp called ""Sea Stories Magazine"". While far less expansive than his later magnum opus, the articles have stylistic elements that Ashley would use again. This includes symbols adjacent to some illustrations to indicate the characteristics or shortcomings of particular knots. In 1935 Cyrus Day, a knot author and correspondent of Ashley's, cited"
"work ""A Sea Grammar"" under the name Boling knot. Smith considered the knot to be strong and secure, saying, ""The ""Boling knot"" is also so firmly made and fastened by the bridles into the cringles of the sails, they will break, or the sail split before it will slip."" Another possible finding was discovered on the rigging of the Ancient Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu's solar ship during an excavation in 1954. The bowline is used to make a loop at one end of a line. It is tied with the rope's working end also known as the ""tail"" or ""end"". The"
"The numbers Ashley assigned to each knot can be used to unambiguously identify them. This helps to identify knots despite local colloquialisms or identification changes. Citations to Ashley numbers are usually in the form: ""The Constrictor Knot (ABOK #1249)"", ""ABOK #1249"" or even simply ""#1249"" if the context of the reference is clear or already established. Some knots have more than one Ashley number due to having multiple uses or forms. For example, the main entry for #1249 is in the chapter on binding knots but it is also listed as #176 in a chapter on occupational knot usage. ""The"
"European Civil War, which extends the beginning of the period to the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 but still concludes with the Second World War in 1945. The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace, and the Course of History The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History is a historico-philosophical work by Philip Bobbitt. It was first published in 2002 by Alfred Knopf in the US and Penguin in the UK. The work consists of two volumes, each written in three parts. Each part is preceded by a thesis. The interplay between strategic and constitutional innovation changes the constitutional"
"The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace, and the Course of History The Shield of Achilles: War, Peace and the Course of History is a historico-philosophical work by Philip Bobbitt. It was first published in 2002 by Alfred Knopf in the US and Penguin in the UK. The work consists of two volumes, each written in three parts. Each part is preceded by a thesis. The interplay between strategic and constitutional innovation changes the constitutional order of the State. The relationship between strategy and law is such that any fundamental change in the nature of strategy will produce a fundamental change"
"Leonard R. N. Ashley Leonard R. N. Ashley (born December 5, 1928 in Miami) is an American writer on the English language. He was for many years professor of English at Brooklyn College. (retired 2016) He served as secretary of the International Linguistic Society (1980 - 1982) and later on its board, was vice-president of Amici Linguarum, and participated in the International Conference on Onomastic Sciences in Europe. He is a president emeritus of The American Society of Geolinguistics. Aside from more traditional works on English drama. fiction, and poetry, and books on onomastics and geolinguistics, he is also known"
"even more familiar with the topic. To this end he set sail aboard the bark ""Sunbeam"" for six weeks, beginning in August of that year. During the voyage he witnessed the hunt and killing of three whales. Upon publication, the master of the ""Sunbeam"" praised the articles, stating, ""I think it is the best whale story I ever read ... The illustrations are so true to life that even the Old Barnacles here cannot find fault with them."" Ashley is perhaps most famous for ""The Ashley Book of Knots"" (1944), an encyclopedic reference manual with directions for and illustrations of"
"for his series of popular dictionaries of the occult. Leonard R. N. Ashley Leonard R. N. Ashley (born December 5, 1928 in Miami) is an American writer on the English language. He was for many years professor of English at Brooklyn College. (retired 2016) He served as secretary of the International Linguistic Society (1980 - 1982) and later on its board, was vice-president of Amici Linguarum, and participated in the International Conference on Onomastic Sciences in Europe. He is a president emeritus of The American Society of Geolinguistics. Aside from more traditional works on English drama. fiction, and poetry, and"
"Clifford Warren Ashley Clifford Warren Ashley (December 18, 1881 – September 18, 1947) was an American artist, author, sailor, and knot expert. He was born in New Bedford, Massachusetts, son of Abiel Davis Ashley and Caroline Morse. Ashley married Sarah Scudder Clark in 1932 and had two daughters, one of whom is practicing painter Jane Ashley, also adopting his wife's oldest daughter from a previous marriage. He died in Westport Point, Massachusetts. Taking an interest in art while still in high school, he went on to attend the Eric Pape Art School in Boston. In the summer of 1901 Ashley,"
"Anthony Biddle were taught Fairbairn's methods at a training facility in Scotland, and adopted the program for the training of OSS operatives at a newly opened camp near Lake Ontario in Canada. Applegate published his work in 1943, called ""Kill or Get Killed"". During the war, training was provided to British Commandos, the Devil's Brigade, OSS, U.S. Army Rangers and Marine Raiders. Other combat systems designed for military combat were introduced elsewhere; including European Unifight, Chinese Sanshou, Soviet/Russian sambo, and the Israeli Kapap and Krav Maga. The prevalence and style of hand-to-hand combat training often changes based on perceived need."
"club in Wallington. After the war, Bernard was posted to India with the Gurkhas, and the pair corresponded by letter. From 1945 to 1952, she worked as a secretary for the National Federation of Women's Institutes in London, marrying Bernard in 1949. While working as a secretary and raising her first two children, Ashley undertook some development work for the Women's Institute on quilting. Revisiting the craft she had learnt with her grandmother, she began designing headscarves, napkins, table mats and tea-towels which Bernard printed on a machine he had designed in their attic flat at 83 Cambridge Street, Pimlico."
"Ashley part-time for a salary of £300 per year to carry out research about Marlborough. Ashley later produced his own biography of Marlborough, in 1939. Churchill, with other assistants, worked on and published a number of different historical books while work on Marlborough was proceeding. Churchill turned seriously to writing Marlborough after Easter 1932, following pressure from his publishers. His initial draft was passed to Edward Marsh, who had been his private secretary while a government minister, with instructions to look out for repetitions, boring passages or clumsy sentences. He wrote over 300 letters requesting information or opinions about the"
"two hitches, and is used in wharfs and docks. If one hitch fails, the other hitch should hold until the load can be safely and swiftly lowered to the ground. Formed from a bight turned up over itself (like a girth hitch) but with an extra twist on each side. In variations, there may be multiple extra twists. Form a bight in the middle of the line, and pull it back over itself like a girth hitch. This forms two loops, turned in opposite directions. Convert each loop into an elbow by adding a twist in the direction that will"
"Tomlinson’s Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts,"" (London & New York: circa 1866). Tomlinson's Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts Tomlinson’s Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts is a multi-volume encyclopedia focusing on manufacturing, mining, and engineering. It was edited by Charles Tomlinson, a Fellow of the Royal Society, and a lecturer at King’s College School, London. The original was published between 1852 and 1854. . It was published in 1852 in two volumes (vol. 1, 832pp, vol. 2, 1052pp) with 40 steel engravings and 2,477 woodcuts. A supplement was published in 1862, which was published by James S. Virtue, London and New York City. A"
"applied to the highest of the mountains, Mount Ashley. Mount Ashley Mount Ashley () is a mountain, high, standing south of the Bay of Isles, South Georgia, between the heads of Grace Glacier and Lucas Glacier. It is named for Clifford Warren Ashley, an American artist, author, and whaling historian. The name ""Clifford Ashley Mountains"" was used by Robert Cushman Murphy for a number of scattered mountains and ridges on the south side of the Bay of Isles, following his visit to South Georgia in 1912–13. The South Georgia Survey, 1955–56, reported that a group name for these features is"
"Robert Ashley Robert Reynolds Ashley (March 28, 1930 – March 3, 2014) was an American composer, who was best known for his operas and other theatrical works, many of which incorporate electronics and extended techniques. Ashley was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He studied at the University of Michigan with Ross Lee Finney. Later, he studied at the Manhattan School of Music, and then became a musician in the US Army. After moving back to Michigan, Ashley worked at the University of Michigan's Speech Research Laboratories. Although he was not officially a student in the acoustic research program there, he"
"benchwork to support layouts is still popular today, largely because of its flexibility and economy, as is his ""hardshell"" method of building landscapes. Linn also pioneered a scenery finishing technique known as zip texturing which is widely used. He travel widely in the US, making extensive documentation of prototype railroad structures, equipment, and practices. Westcott was also an operator of John Allen's Gorre & Daphetid railroad in Monterey, California. After John Allen's death, he compiled a book entitled ""Model Railroading with John Allen"" using much of Allen's correspondence, photographs and writing. The book was published in 1981. Other books by"
"Tomlinson's Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts Tomlinson’s Cyclopaedia of Useful Arts is a multi-volume encyclopedia focusing on manufacturing, mining, and engineering. It was edited by Charles Tomlinson, a Fellow of the Royal Society, and a lecturer at King’s College School, London. The original was published between 1852 and 1854. . It was published in 1852 in two volumes (vol. 1, 832pp, vol. 2, 1052pp) with 40 steel engravings and 2,477 woodcuts. A supplement was published in 1862, which was published by James S. Virtue, London and New York City. A new edition was published no earlier than 1866 with the intent"
"strand. Ashley developed this knot in trying to duplicate a knot he saw on a boat in a local oyster fishing fleet. When he had a chance to observe the knot up close at a later time he realized it was just a badly water-swollen figure eight stopper knot. Ashley's stopper knot Ashley's stopper knot, also known as the oysterman's stopper, is a knot developed by Clifford W. Ashley around 1910. It makes a well-balanced trefoil-faced stopper at the end of the rope, giving greater resistance to pulling through an opening than other common stoppers. Essentially, the knot is a"
"palms and plants, and a host of other topics that piqued his interest. The British Museum catalogue lists nine books written by Lord. The best-known of these is ""Shifts and Expedients of Camp Life, Travel and Exploration"" first published in 1868 in serial form, and lavishly illustrated with woodcuts and text contributions by Thomas Baines and engraved by ""Butterworth & Heath"". This manual of survival in the wild, was a 19th-century equivalent of the Whole Earth Catalogue, and still retains its usefulness in the 21st century as an encyclopaedia of practical living. Guides to travelling featuring useful hints were quite"