In World War 11 R.A.F. slang what were cookies
"believed that Bomber Command's heavy bombs – 4,000 lb ""cookies"" – were more effective than an equivalent weight of smaller bombs. Both RAF and USAAF dropped a large number of bombs on oil targets that failed to explode: 19% and 12% respectively. Oil campaign of World War II The Allied oil campaign of World War II was directed by the RAF and USAAF against facilities supplying Nazi Germany with petroleum, oil, and lubrication (POL) products. Part of the immense Allied strategic bombing effort during the war, the targets in Germany and ""Axis Europe"" included refineries for natural oil, factories producing"
"Blockbuster bomb A blockbuster bomb or cookie was any of several of the largest conventional bombs used in World War II by the Royal Air Force (RAF). The term ""blockbuster"" was originally a name coined by the press and referred to a bomb which had enough explosive power to destroy an entire street or large building through the effects of blast in conjunction with incendiary bombs. The bombs then called ""Blockbusters"" were the RAF's HC (high capacity) bombs. These bombs had especially thin casings that allowed them to contain approximately three-quarters of their weight in explosive, with a 4,000-pound bomb"
"Raisin Bombers Raisin Bombers () or (in US English) ""Candy Bombers"" were colloquial terms Berliners gave to the Western Allied (American and British) transport aircraft which brought in supplies by airlift to West Berlin during the Soviet Berlin Blockade in 1948/1949. The name came from the fact that some pilots started voluntarily to throw sweets and candy (and, presumably, also raisins) on little tinkered parachutes out of the window to children lined up on the edges of the West Berlin airfields watching the planes. These actions were first attributed to American pilot Gail Halvorsen, nicknamed ""Uncle Wiggly Wings"", who began"
"aircraft. During their stay in that country, they got acquainted to American food: baked beans, powdered eggs and powdered milk, among other items. The then Cel.-Av. Geraldo Guia de Aquino dubbed the pilots ""Ostriches"" and the nickname caught. The war cry ""Senta a Pua!"" was a suggestion from Ten.-Av. Rui who had heard it several times from Cap.-Av. Firmino Alves de Araujo while serving at Salvador Air Base; it was used by the latter on his subordinates, inviting them to do their tasks at once and quickly. It became the Brazilian equivalent of the British ""Tally-Ho"" and the French ""À"
"the use of 50 parachute naval mines, which caused extensive blast damage. The British called these devices ""air-mines"", a calque of the German term """". These types were used also during air raids on Malta, especially on its harbour areas. Blockbuster bomb A blockbuster bomb or cookie was any of several of the largest conventional bombs used in World War II by the Royal Air Force (RAF). The term ""blockbuster"" was originally a name coined by the press and referred to a bomb which had enough explosive power to destroy an entire street or large building through the effects of"
"that the cookie was (re)introduced to Germany by American GIs in the 1950s. German ""Amerikaner"" are often frosted entirely with vanilla. In the former East Germany, due to anti-American sentiment, the name ""Ammonplätzchen"" (Ammonia cookies) was used. Black-and-white cookies are mentioned twice on ""Seinfeld"", set in New York City. In the episode ""The Dinner Party"", Jerry eats a black-and-white cookie while waiting in a bakery with Elaine. He uses the cookie as a metaphor for racial harmony, saying if ""chocolate and vanilla"" can co-exist on a cookie they should be able to in life, suggesting people should ""Look to the"
"Tommy cooker A Tommy cooker was a compact, portable stove, fuelled by something referred to as ""solidified alcohol"" which was issued to British troops (Tommies) in World War I. It was notoriously ineffective; one soldier complained that it took two hours to boil half a pint of water. A variety of commercial or improvised alternatives were in use. A refined version remained in use during World War II, using gelled fuel in a tin can; a steel ring fitted to the can supported a mess tin. The British army still uses compact portable solid fuel (hexamine) stoves. The term also"
"from its factories in Blackpool. Six years later, Lyons changed the company's name to Symbol Biscuits Ltd. and began selling biscuits under the Symbol and Lyons brand names: one of their innovations was Maryland Cookies in 1956. In 1990, Lyons changed the Symbol Biscuits name to Lyons Biscuits Ltd. The rearmament period just before World War II saw a big expansion in the number of Royal Ordnance Factories (ROFs), which were British government-owned. However, due to shortages of management resources some ROFs were run as agency factories; and J. Lyons and Co. ran at least one, ROF Elstow. The management"
"(sometimes ""a lot of hot cock""). Something that was useless was ""as much use as a cuntful of cold piss"" (or ""not worth a cuntful of cold water""), and a malfunctioning piece of equipment was ""cactus"" (originally 1940s RAAF slang, and briefly revived in the 1980s). Other Digger slang expressions involving complaint and error were ""whinge"", ""balls-up"", and ""upter"" (a contraction of ""up to shit""). Food was called ""afterbirth"", a cook was a ""bait layer"", a quartermaster a ""q bastard"", and a sergeant's mess a ""snake pit"". Someone who wanted to ""give the game to the blacks"" was expressing unhappiness"
"RAF slang The Royal Air Force developed a distinctive slang which has been documented in works such as ""Piece of Cake"" and the ""Dictionary of RAF slang"". The following is a comprehensive selection of slang terms and common abbreviations used by British Armed Forces from before World War II until the present day; less common abbreviations are not included. Often common colloquial terms are used as well by airmen, as well as less savory ones. In addition some terms have come into common parlance such as ""I ""pranged"" the car last night"". Other slang was used by British and Empire"
"articles were very laudatory towards the US Foreign Service, talking about the conditions encountered at the time, versus stereotypes of diplomats being ""striped pants Cookie Pushers from Harvard."" Ivor Evans in ""Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable"" uses the term denoting a junior diplomat who functions as a roving waiter at an official reception, presumably ""pushing"" appetizers on people who don't really want them. Cookie pusher The term Cookie Pusher has been applied as a reference to diplomats in general and members of the United States Foreign Service specifically. The Listserv of the American Dialect Society documents ""cookie pusher"" as"
"the cookbook was the first to include the recipe ""Toll House Chocolate Crunch Cookie"" which rapidly became a favorite cookie in American homes. During WWII, soldiers from Massachusetts who were stationed overseas shared the cookies they received in care packages from back home with soldiers from other parts of the United States. Soon, hundreds of soldiers were writing home asking their families to send them some Toll House cookies, and Wakefield was soon inundated with letters from around the world requesting her recipe. Thus began the nationwide craze for the chocolate chip cookie. The recipe for chocolate chip cookies was"
"bombs or ""Cookies."" Particularly after the introduction of H2S (radar) in some Mosquitos, these raids carrying larger bombs succeeded to the extent that they provided a significant additional form of attack to the large formations of ""heavies."" Latterly in the war, there were a significant number of all-Mosquito raids on big German cities involving up to 100 or more aircraft. On the night of 20/21 February 1945, for example, Mosquitos of No. 8 Group mounted the first of 36 consecutive night raids on Berlin. From 1943, Mosquitos with RAF Coastal Command attacked ""Kriegsmarine"" U-boats and intercepted transport ship concentrations. After"
"Cookie pusher The term Cookie Pusher has been applied as a reference to diplomats in general and members of the United States Foreign Service specifically. The Listserv of the American Dialect Society documents ""cookie pusher"" as being coined by US diplomat Hugh S. Gibson in 1924. The term has been used a number of times throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, sometimes in derogatory form but at other times in the spirit of a pseudonym for American Foreign Service Officers. A series of articles in the Christian Science Monitor that ran in February 1950 were subtitled ""Alias Cookie Pushers."" The"
"names for Russian aircraft e.g. ""Bear"". Aircraft may also be referred to by their enumerated designations: F fighter, B bomber, C Transport etc. e.g. B-52 bomber. RAF slang The Royal Air Force developed a distinctive slang which has been documented in works such as ""Piece of Cake"" and the ""Dictionary of RAF slang"". The following is a comprehensive selection of slang terms and common abbreviations used by British Armed Forces from before World War II until the present day; less common abbreviations are not included. Often common colloquial terms are used as well by airmen, as well as less savory"
"commercial bakers to produce cookies, in order to increase availability and reduce lead time, starting with Keebler-Weyl Bakery. Southern Biscuit Company and Burry Biscuit, both later acquired by the Interbake Foods division of George Weston Limited, were added in 1937. One hundred twenty five troops launched cookie sales that first year. During World War II the Girl Scouts sold calendars in addition to cookies, because of shortages of flour, sugar, and butter. In 1943 there were 48 cookies per box. By 1943 Girl Scouts also collected fat in cans to aid the war effort and sold war bonds at no"
"commanding officer was upset when the story appeared in the news, but when Tunner heard about it, he approved of the gesture and immediately expanded it into ""Operation Little Vittles"". Other pilots participated, and when news reached the US, children all over the country sent in their own candy to help out. Soon, major candy manufacturers joined in. In the end, over twenty three tons of candy were dropped on Berlin and the ""operation"" became a major propaganda success. German children christened the candy-dropping aircraft ""raisin bombers"". The Soviets had an advantage in conventional military forces, but were preoccupied with"
"Dutch in New Amsterdam in the late 1620s. The Dutch word ""koekje"" was Anglicized to ""cookie"" or cooky. The earliest reference to cookies in America is in 1703, when ""The Dutch in New York provided...'in 1703...at a funeral 800 cookies...'"" The most common modern cookie, given its style by the creaming of butter and sugar, was not common until the 18th century. Cookies are broadly classified according to how they are formed, including at least these categories: Cookies also may be decorated with an icing, especially chocolate, and closely resemble a type of confectionery. Cookie A cookie is a baked"
"groundswell of support, Little Vittles pilots, of which Halvorsen was now one of many, were dropping candy every other day. Children all over Berlin had sweets, and more and more artwork was getting sent back with kind letters attached to them. The American candy bombers became known as the Rosinenbomber (Raisin Bombers), while Halvorsen himself became known by many nicknames to the children of Berlin, including his original moniker of ""Uncle Wiggly Wings,"" as well as ""The Chocolate Uncle"", ""The Gum Drop Kid"" and ""The Chocolate Flier."" Operation ""Little Vittles"" was in effect from September 22, 1948 to May 13,"
"Rhino tank ""Rhino tank"" (initially called ""Rhinoceros"") was the American nickname for Allied tanks fitted with ""tusks"", or hedgerow cutting devices, during World War II. The British designation for the modifications was Prongs. In the summer of 1944, during the Battle of Normandy, Allied forces – particularly the Americans – had become bogged down fighting the Germans in the Normandy bocage. This landscape of thick banked hedges proved difficult for tanks to breach. In an effort to restore battlefield mobility, various devices were invented to allow tanks to navigate the terrain. Initially the devices were manufactured in Normandy, largely from"
"Camouflages for sabotage equipment used by the German sabotage services in World War II During the Second World War, German saboteurs operating against Britain designed a range of unconventional bombs disguised as, amongst others: tins of plums, throat lozenges, shaving brushes, batteries, wood, coal and stuffed dogs. Arguably the most unconventional bomb was the ""chocolate bar bomb"" that was intended to be smuggled into the homes of the Royals with the purpose of assassination. None of the chocolate bars reached Britain, but British authorities did capture some in places as far away as Turkey, The bomb was made of steel"
"4,000 pounds—the so-called two-ton ""cookies"", also known as ""blockbusters,"" because they could destroy an entire large building or street. The high explosives were intended to rupture water mains and blow off roofs, doors, and windows to create an air flow to feed the fires caused by the incendiaries that followed. The Lancasters crossed into French airspace near the Somme, then into Germany just north of Cologne. At 22:00 hours, the force heading for Böhlen split away from Plate Rack, which turned south east toward the Elbe. By this time, ten of the Lancasters were out of service, leaving 244 to"
"lighter), and ""Tommycooker"" (by the Germans, who referred to British soldiers as ""Tommies""; a tommy cooker was a World War I-era trench stove). Fuel fires occasionally occurred, but such fires were far less common and less deadly than ammunition fires. In many cases, the fuel tank of the Sherman was found intact after a fire. Tankers described ""fierce, blinding jets of flame"", which is inconsistent with gasoline-related fires. Upgrades included the rectangular armor patches protecting ammunition stowage mentioned above, and smaller armor patches in front of each of the protruding hatchway structures in the glacis in an attempt to mitigate"
"War. The B-unit (bread and dessert portion) contained several calorie-dense Crackers, 3 sugar tablets, 3 dextrose energy tablets, and a packet or small can of beverage mix (instant coffee, powdered synthetic lemon drink, containing the rations' main source of vitamin C; or bouillon soup powder). Later revisions added orange drink powder (1944), sweetened cocoa powder (1944), and grape drink powder (1945), all enriched with Vitamin C, to the list of beverages. In 1941, the energy tablets were replaced with loose candy, such as candy-coated peanuts or raisins, Charms hard candy, or Brachs Chocolate Caramels. Due to spoilage, the loose candy"
"""frontovik"" lived on a diet of black rye bread; canned meats like fish and ""tushonka"" (stewed pork); ""shchi"" (cabbage soup) and ""kasha"" (porridge).”. ""Kasha"" and ""shchi"" were so common that a popular slogan in the Red Army was “""shchi ee kasha, pisha nasha""” (“""schchi"" and ""kasha"", that's our fare.”). ""Chai"" (hot sugared tea) was an extremely popular beverage together with beer and vodka. ""Makhorka"", a type of cheap tobacco roiled in handmade cigarettes was the standard cigarette. Rottmann described medical care as “marginal”. A shortage of doctors, medical equipment and drugs meant those wounded often died, usually in immense pain."
"for George"", etc. Several alphabets were used, before being superseded by the adoption of the NATO/ICAO radiotelephony alphabet. During World War I both the British Army and the Royal Navy had developed their own quite separate spelling alphabets. The Navy system was a full alphabet, starting: ""Apples, Butter, Charlie, Duff, Edward"", but the RAF alphabet was based on that of the ""signalese"" of the army signallers. This was not a full alphabet, but differentiated only the letters most frequently misunderstood: ""Ack (originally ""Ak""), Beer (or Bar), C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, eMma, N, O, Pip,"
"""Good for two ounces of butter, one loaf of bread,"" or whatever. The bread was just like an accordion. You could pull it way out or squeeze it tightly together. (This is called ""balloon bread"" in America.) The coupons were color-coded. For example, milk was yellow, bread was red, and so on. Geertruida as did her sister began taking in refugees, some of whom were Jews, others members of the resistance movement sought by the Gestapo and its Dutch counterpart, either in Geertriuda's family home or at the Cafe Monopol Amstel in Amsterdam. During 1943, 1944, and 1945, when Dutch"
"the recipe. However, some bakers do include butter. Boiled raisin-type cakes date back at least to the American Civil War. Depression cake has been referred to as “War Cake” by texts dating back to World War I. In a pamphlet distributed by the United States Food Administration in 1918 entitled “War Economy in Food,” War Cake is listed under “Recipes for Conservation Sweets.” The United States Food Administration stressed the importance of reducing sugar consumption during the war and offered molasses, corn syrup, and raisins in its place. When the Great Depression hit America following the Stock Market Crash of"
"Molotov criticised Nikita Khrushchev for being a ""right-wing deviationist"". The Molotov cocktail is a term coined by the Finns during the Winter War, as a generic name used for a variety of improvised incendiary weapons. During the Winter War, the Soviet air force made extensive use of incendiaries and cluster bombs against Finnish troops and fortifications. When Molotov claimed in radio broadcasts that they were not bombing, but rather delivering food to the starving Finns, the Finns started to call the air bombs ""Molotov bread baskets"". Soon they responded by attacking advancing tanks with ""Molotov cocktails,"" which were ""a drink"
"the Allied bombings against German cities. The V-2 rocket was also the first artificial object to cross the boundary of space. These two rocketry advances took the lives of many civilians in London during the years 1944 and 1945. After the war, many of the inventions created during World War II that were invented for the troops were later sold to the civilian population. During 1932, the creator of M&M's, Forrest Mars Sr. moved to England, and began manufacturing Mars Bars for troops in the UK. During the Spanish Civil War, Forrest purportedly encountered troops eating small beads of chocolate"
"Biscuits donated over 21,000 Vienna Fingers and Hydrox cookies to a contingent of American troops from Fort Eustis Army Base. The company's action was a follow up to a similar Sunshine shipment sent to troops during the 1990–1991 Gulf War and a soldier's scrawled response note on an Oreo box, ""Please deploy cookies."" In the company's words, ""the donation of these cookie favorites will give the troops a taste of home and make their time away from their families a little more pleasant."" The Vienna Fingers and Hydrox cookies were brought with the troops to the refugee-filled border area between"
"extended, surrounded by the words ""FAITH ET BLIND HOPE"" and underneath the legend ""Dieu et Mon Doigt"" [God and my finger]. (The use of the index finger indicated clearly that the finger of blame was being pointed at the recipient, rather than the middle finger as a contemporary obscene gesture.) If appropriate, a 'Joint' was awarded for additional acts of stupidity, analogous to a Medal bar. Most recipients were aircrew, as they generally made the most spectacular and public errors, although any RAF personnel were eligible. Among those receiving the award were the crew of a bomber who became lost"
"of the radio show ""A Way with Words"", suggested that the phrase is an eponym of George Cukor. Moreover, a specious claim cited by ""Directing and Producing Television"" maintained that the term arose from the Greek 'kukaloris', breaking of light, 'loris' conceivably cognate with 'luo', 'I break'. Generally, cookies fall into three groups: hard cookies, made from thin plywood or heavy poster board with random shapes cut out of the body; soft cookies (often called ""celo"" cookies), made from plastic impregnated screen (the same screen one might find in a storm window), also with random shapes cut or burned out;"