The magnificent Ishtar Gate constructed around 575 BC served as one of the entrances to what ancient city?
"is now reconstructed in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, was the main entrance into Babylon, built in about 575 BC by Nebuchadnezzar II, the king of the Neo-Babylonian who exiled the Jews; the empire lasted from 626 BC to 539 BC. The walls, which surrounded the entrance and were decorated with rows of large relief animals in glazed brick on either side of the route, have retained their colours. The Ishtar Gate was part of a much larger scheme for a processional way into the city, from which there are sections in many other museums. The Processional Way, the route"
"Way) and gateway (the Ishtar Gate) lavishly decorated with glazed brick. Each spring equinox (the start of the New Year), the god Marduk would leave his city temple for a temple outside the walls, returning through the Ishtar Gate and down the Processional Way, paved with colored stone and lined with molded lions, amidst rejoicing crowds. The Babylonian king's two sieges of Jerusalem (in 597 and 587 BCE) are depicted in 2 Kings 24–25. The Book of Jeremiah calls Nebuchadnezzar the ""destroyer of nations"" (Jer. 4:7) and gives an account of the second siege of Jerusalem (587 BC) and the"
"Empire. Nineveh was one of the oldest and greatest cities in antiquity. The area was settled as early as 6000 BC during the late Neolithic. The deep sounding at Nineveh uncovered layers now dated to early Hassuna culture period. By 3000 BC, the area had become an important religious center for the Mesopotamian goddess Ishtar. The early city (and subsequent buildings) was constructed on a fault line and, consequently, suffered damage from a number of earthquakes. One such event destroyed the first temple of Ishtar, which was rebuilt in 2260 BC by the Akkadian king Manishtushu. Texts from the Hellenistic"
"built the Ishtar Gate. Exceptions were few—notably, ancient Sparta and ancient Rome did not have walls for a long time, choosing to rely on their militaries for defence instead. Initially, these fortifications were simple constructions of wood and earth, which were later replaced by mixed constructions of stones piled on top of each other without mortar. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). In classical era Greece, the city of Athens built two parallel stone walls, called the"
"biggest and the most important entrance of Philippopolis. Eastern gate of Philippopolis The Eastern gate of Philippopolis is one of the three entrances of the ancient city that have been discovered in Plovdiv. The gate was built on the main road to Byzantium and the Bosphorus. Initially constructed in the 2nd century AD during the reign of Hadrian, the gate and the complex around it were completely rebuilt in the 4th century, and partially repaired in the 5th century. The Eastern gate was discovered in the 1970s. After it was rebuilt in the 4th century, the Eastern gate of Philippopolis"
"taken loosely from the Ishtar Gate, once an entrance to the city of Babylon, which today resides in the Pergamon Museum in Berlin. The ceiling has been described as ""a polychromatic menagerie of winged Mesopotamian beasts."" One can see lions and a bird of prey, like a vulture or turkey; also long-necked dragons and other mythical beasts. The vibrant blue coloration also is seen on the gates. At the intersection of the two passageways on the ceiling are two men, whose clothing evokes the ancient Assyrians, with drawn bow and arrow. Similar figures are seen elsewhere on the ceiling. The"
"the Ishtar Gate, three deities were represented: the lion of Ishtar, the war goddess, the dragon of Marduk, the lord of the gods, and the bull of Adad, the storm god. The lion is pictured upon a blue enameled tile background and an orange colored border that runs along the very bottom portion of the wall. Having a white body and yellow mane, the lion of Ishtar was an embodiment of vivid naturalism that further enhanced the glory of Babylon’s Procession Street. The lion served as a protector of the city as well as a guide for ritual processions through"
"Assur Aššur (; Akkadian; ""Āšūr""; Old Persian ""Aθur"", : ""Āšūr""; : ', ), also known as Ashur and Qal'at Sherqat, was an Assyrian city, capital of the Old Assyrian Empire (2025–1750 BC), of the Middle Assyrian Empire (1365–1050 BC), and for a time, of the Neo-Assyrian Empire of 911–608 BC. The remains of the city lie on the western bank of the Tigris River, north of the confluence with the tributary Little Zab River, in modern-day Iraq, more precisely in the Al-Shirqat District of the Saladin Governorate. Occupation of the city itself continued for approximately 4,000 years, from the mid-3rd"
"Jaffa Gate Jaffa Gate (, ""Sha'ar Yafo""; , Bab al-Khalil, ""Hebron Gate""; also Arabic, Bab Mihrab Dawud, ""Gate of David's Chamber""; Crusader name: ""David's Gate"") is a stone portal in the historic walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. It is one of seven main open gates in Jerusalem's Old City walls. The name Jaffa Gate is currently used for both the historical Ottoman gate from 1538, and for the wide gap in the city wall adjacent to it to the south. The old gate has the shape of a medieval gate tower with an L-shaped entryway, which was secured"
"has defensive walls and square bastions of sun dried bricks. Babylon was one of the most famous cities of the ancient world, especially as a result of the building program of Nebuchadnezzar, who expanded the walls and built the Ishtar Gate. Exceptions were few, but neither ancient Sparta nor ancient Rome had walls for a long time, choosing to rely on their militaries for defense instead. Initially, these fortifications were simple constructions of wood and earth, which were later replaced by mixed constructions of stones piled on top of each other without mortar. In Central Europe, the Celts built large"
"of the goddess Ishtar, and it remained as such during the Middle Assyrian Empire (1365–1056 BC). During the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–605 BC) Nineveh grew in size and importance, particularly from the reigns of Tukulti-Ninurta II and Ashurnasirpal II (883–859 BC) onward, however he chose the city of Kalhu (the Biblical ""Calah"", modern Nimrud) as his capital in place of the ancient traditional capital of Aššur (Ashur), from present day Mosul. Thereafter successive Assyrian emperor-monarchs such as Shalmaneser III, Adad-nirari III, Tiglath-Pileser III, Shalmaneser V and Sargon II continued to expand the city. In approximately 700 BC, King Sennacherib made Nineveh"
"Isartor The Isartor at the Isartorplatz in Munich is one of four main gates of the medieval city wall. It served as a fortification for the defence and is the most easterly of Munich's three remaining gothic town gates (""Isartor"", ""Sendlinger Tor"" and ""Karlstor""). The gate (German: ""Tor"") is located close to the Isar and was named after the river. The Isartor was constructed in 1337 within the scope of the enlargement of Munich and the construction of the ""second city wall"" between 1285 and 1337 which was completed under the Emperor Louis IV. The gate first consisted of a"
"monuments from the ancient city of Philippopolis. Hisar Kapia is a medieval gate in Plovdiv's old town built in the 11th century AD over the foundations of a gate from Roman times (probably from the 2nd century AD). Hisar Kapia is one of the three entrances (Eastern, Northern and Southern) to the acropolis of ancient Philippopolis. During the rule of the Ottoman empire revival houses were embedded in the remains of the old stone walls around the gate. The Eastern gate of Philippopolis is one of the three entrances of the ancient city that have been discovered in Plovdiv. The"
"Istakhr Istakhr (Middle Persian: ""Stakhr"", ""Estakhr"") was an ancient city located in southern Iran, in Fars province, five kilometers north of Persepolis. It was a prosperous city under the Sasanian Empire and briefly served as its capital from 224 to 226 CE. Istakhr first appears in history as an Achaemenid city. It gained its importance not only from its close association with Persepolis: it also commanded the western end of an ancient caravan-route that ran from the Indus Valley via Kandahar and Drangiana to Persia. The city temporarily became the capital of the Sasanian Empire during the reign of Ardashir"
"Dung Gate The Dung Gate ( Sha'ar Ha'ashpot), known in Arabic historically as the Moroccan or Mughrabi Gate () and since medieval times also known as Silwan Gate, is one of the gates in the walls of the Old City of Jerusalem. It was built in the 16th century. The gate is situated near the southeast corner of the Old City, southwest of the Temple Mount. Directly behind the gate lies the entrance to the Western Wall Plaza. Dung Gate is a main passage for vehicles coming out of the Old City and for buses headed to the Western Wall."
"(see Etymology of Syria) before also being applied to the Levant and its inhabitants by the Seleucid Empire in the 3rd century BC. Archaeology reveals the site of the city was occupied by the middle of the 3rd millennium BC. This was still the Sumerian period, before Assyria emerged in the 25th to 21st century BC. The oldest remains of the city were discovered in the foundations of the Ishtar temple, as well as at the Old Palace. In the subsequent period, the city was ruled by kings from the Akkadian Empire. During the Third Dynasty of Ur, the city"
"were constructed in order to reinforce the structure, and artisans then reconstructed the barbican, following the drawings made in 1779. Golden Gate, Vladimir The Golden Gate of Vladimir (), constructed between 1158 and 1164, is the only (albeit partially) preserved ancient Russian city gate. A museum inside focuses on the history of the Mongol invasion of Russia in the 13th century. Golden Gates existed in the holiest cities of Eastern Orthodoxy: Jerusalem, Constantinople, and Kiev. On making Vladimir his capital, Andrew the Pious aspired to emulate these structures, commissioning a lofty tower over the city's main gate to be erected"
"blocks. The Divar defensive wall has also been known variously as Alexander Dam, Anushirvân Dam, Firuz Dam and Golestan's Defense Wall in various historical texts. Dr. Kiani, who led the archaeological team in 1971, believes that the wall was built during the Parthian dynasty, simultaneously with the construction of the Great Wall of China, and that it was restored during the Sassanid era (3rd to 7th centuries AD). During the Neolithic period, this area had many populated settlements. For example, Yarim Tepe (Iran). The Jeitun culture started before 6000 BC. Gonbad-e Kavus Gonbad-e Kavus (; ) is the Iranian city"
"Eastern gate of Philippopolis The Eastern gate of Philippopolis is one of the three entrances of the ancient city that have been discovered in Plovdiv. The gate was built on the main road to Byzantium and the Bosphorus. Initially constructed in the 2nd century AD during the reign of Hadrian, the gate and the complex around it were completely rebuilt in the 4th century, and partially repaired in the 5th century. The Eastern gate was discovered in the 1970s. After it was rebuilt in the 4th century, the Eastern gate of Philippopolis had one wide central entrance and two narrower"
"in the time of Nebuchadnezzar II (605-562 BC), jews also inhabited in Kulwatha and they have history from city, The most prominent historians who spoke about this city Diodorus Siculus, Yaqut al-Hamawi, Al-Masudi, Said al-Andalusi and Bar Hebraeus. Kulwatha Kulwatha () also called Kulwathi is an ancient city mentioned in the writings of Greeks and the Arabs, Syriacs historians, was located on the east bank of the Tigris River and was built opposite which the other bank of the city of Baghdad (Karkh now), in ancient there gate named ""Kulawatha gate"", today this city is part of Al-Rusafa and called"
"would have passed through a predecessor version of Hadrian's Gate, as she and Solomon lived approximately a thousand years before Hadrian. Hadrian's Gate The Hadrian's Gate or Üçkapılar (""The Three Gates"" in Turkish) is a triumphal arch located in Antalya, Turkey, which was built in the name of the Roman emperor Hadrian, who visited the city in the year 130. It is the only remaining entrance gate in the walls that surround the city and harbor. The gate was discovered by Irish-British hydrographer Rear Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort in 1817. Hadrian's Gate consists of two colonnaded facades, three entry arches"
"Assyria proper along the Tigris river and further upriver into Upper Mesopotamia, although there are various other theories placing it sometimes a little further out to the north, west, and/or east within the Tigris–Euphrates river system. Assur was the capital city of Assyria c. 2025 BC – c. 1754 BC and c. 1681 BC – c. 1379 BC. The oldest remains of the city were discovered in the foundations of the Ishtar temple, as well as at the Old Palace. In around 2025 BC, Puzur-Ashur I founded a new dynasty, and his successors such as Ilu-shuma, Erishum I and Sargon"
"the city once more became the throne of a magnanimous empire from 1365 BC to 1076 BC. Tukulti-Ninurta I (1244–1208 BC) also constructed a new temple to the goddess Ishtar. The Anu-Adad temple was established later during the reign of Tiglath-Pileser I (1115–1075 BC). The walled area of the city in the Middle Assyrian period made up some . In the Neo-Assyrian Empire (912–605 BC), the royal residence was transferred to other Assyrian cities. Ashur-nasir-pal II (884–859 BC) moved the capital from Assur to Kalhu (Calah/Nimrud) following a series of successful campaigns and produced some of the greatest artworks in"
"Golden Gate, Vladimir The Golden Gate of Vladimir (), constructed between 1158 and 1164, is the only (albeit partially) preserved ancient Russian city gate. A museum inside focuses on the history of the Mongol invasion of Russia in the 13th century. Golden Gates existed in the holiest cities of Eastern Orthodoxy: Jerusalem, Constantinople, and Kiev. On making Vladimir his capital, Andrew the Pious aspired to emulate these structures, commissioning a lofty tower over the city's main gate to be erected in limestone and lined with golden plaques. According to ancient Russian chronicles, the masons were invited from Friedrich Barbarossa. The"
"city identify him as builder of the temple of the gods Adad and An, Ištar of Assyria and Aššur. He built a palace in Bumariyah, ancient ""Apqu ša Adad"", as witnessed by a baked brick inscription. His most significant construction efforts were witnessed at his capital, Nineveh, the location of his palace, the ""Egalšaḫulla"" (“The Palace of Joyfulness”), where he rebuilt the tower-gates of the temple of Ishtar which had been damaged by earthquakes during the earlier reigns of Šulmānu-ašarēdu I (c. 1274–1245 BC) and Aššur-dān I (c. 1179 to 1134 BC), the latter being his grandfather. These were flanked"
"represented the power of sexual attraction and was thought to be savage and determined. Symbolized by the star and her sacred animal, the lion, she was also the goddess of war and the protector of ruling dynasties and their armies. The idea of protection of the city is further incorporated into this gateway design by the use of crenelated buttresses along both sides to this entrance into the city. Friezes with sixty ferocious lions representing Ishtar decorated each side of the Processional Way, designed with variations in the color of the fur and the manes. On the east side, they"
"Bishapur Bishapur (Middle Persian: ""Bay-Šāpūr""; , ""Bishâpûr"") was an ancient city in Sasanid Persia (Iran) on the ancient road between Persis and Elam. The road linked the Sassanid capitals Estakhr (very close to Persepolis) and Ctesiphon. It is located south of modern Faliyan in the Kazerun County of Pars Province, Iran. Bishapur was built near a river crossing and at the same site there is also a fort with rock-cut reservoirs and a river valley with six Sassanid rock reliefs. The most important point about this city, is the combination of Persian and Roman art and architecture that hadn't been"
"Damascus Gate Damascus Gate (, , ""Sha'ar Sh'khem"") is one of the main entrances to the Old City of Jerusalem. It is located in the wall on the city's northwest side and connects to a highway leading out to Nablus, which in the Hebrew Bible was called Shechem or Sichem, and from there, in times past, to the capital of Syria, Damascus; as such, its modern English name is Damascus Gate, and its modern Hebrew name, ""Sha'ar Shkhem"" (), meaning Shechem Gate, or Nablus Gate. Of its Arabic names, ""Bab al-Nasr"" () means ""gate of victory,"" and Bab al-Amud ()"
"cities of Hatra, Khorsabad, and Nimrud, fears rose that Assur would be destroyed too. According to some sources, the citadel of Assur was destroyed or badly damaged in May 2015 by members of IS using improvised explosive devices. As of February 2017, the group no longer controls the site, however it is not secure enough for archaeological experts to evaluate. Assur Aššur (; Akkadian; ""Āšūr""; Old Persian ""Aθur"", : ""Āšūr""; : ', ), also known as Ashur and Qal'at Sherqat, was an Assyrian city, capital of the Old Assyrian Empire (2025–1750 BC), of the Middle Assyrian Empire (1365–1050 BC), and"
"with several cities naming their principal entrance thus, for instance Thessaloniki (also known as the Vardar Gate) or Antioch (the Gate of Daphne), as well as the Kievan Rus', who built monumental ""Golden Gates"" at Kiev and Vladimir. The entrance to San Francisco Bay in California was similarly named the Golden Gate in the middle of the nineteenth century, in a distant historical tribute to Byzantium. The date of the gate's construction is uncertain, with scholars divided between Theodosius I and Theodosius II. Earlier scholars favored the former, but the current majority view tends to the latter, meaning that the"
"thousands of Jews captive to Babylonia. Nebuchadnezzar reconstructed Babylon, making it the largest and most impressive city of its day. The tremendous city walls were wide enough at the top to have rows of small houses on either side. In the center of Babylon ran the famous Procession Street, which passed through the Ishtar Gate. This arch, which was adorned with brilliant tile animals, is the best remaining example of Babylonian architecture. The immense palace of Nebuchadnezzar towered terrace upon terrace, each resplendent with masses of ferns, flowers, and trees. These roof gardens, the famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon, were"
"Bab al-Saghir Bāb aṣ-Ṣaghīr (, ""Small Gate""), also called ""Goristan-e-Ghariban"", may refer to one of the seven gates in the Old City of Damascus, and street in the modern city of Damascus, Syria. It has ""qubûr"" (, graves) on either side of the road, and is located in the Dimashq Neighborhood, southwest of the Umayyad Mosque. The ""bāb"" (, gate) was initially built by the Arameans, then it was dedicated to Zeus during the Seleucid era. During the Roman era, the gate was dedicated to Jupiter. Maqbarah al-Bāb aṣ-Ṣaghīr () is the ancient ""maqbarah"" (, cemetery) which is adjacent to"
"The Dragon of the Ishtar Gate The Dragon of the Ishtar Gate is a historical novel by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, first published in hardcover by Doubleday in 1961, and in paperback by Lancer Books in 1968. The first trade paperback edition was issued by The Donning Company in 1982. The book was reissued with a new introduction by Harry Turtledove as a trade paperback and ebook by Phoenix Pick in September 2013. It is the third of de Camp's historical novels in order of writing, and earliest chronologically. It is set in 466-465 BCE, the last years"