"Guiana Space Centre The Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG) is a French and European spaceport to the northwest of Kourou in French Guiana, France. Operational since 1968, it is particularly suitable as a location for a spaceport as it fulfills the two major geographical requirements of such a site: The European Space Agency (ESA), the French space agency CNES (National Centre for Space Studies), and the commercial companies Arianespace and Azercosmos conduct launches from Kourou. This was the spaceport used by the ESA to send supplies to the International Space Station using the Automated Transfer"
"Vehicle. The location was selected in 1964 to become the spaceport of France. In 1975, France offered to share Kourou with ESA. Commercial launches are bought also by non-European companies. ESA pays two thirds of the spaceport's annual budget and has also financed the upgrades made during the development of the Ariane launchers. On 4 April 2017, the centre was occupied by 30 labour union leaders in the midst of the 2017 social unrest in French Guiana, but was taken back on April 24, 2017. Kourou is located approximately north of the equator, at a latitude of 5°. It is"
"at Kourou, French Guiana. The main European launch vehicle Ariane 5 is operated through Arianespace with ESA sharing in the costs of launching and further developing this launch vehicle. The agency is also working with NASA to manufacture the Orion Spacecraft service module, that will fly on the Space Launch System. The agency's facilities are distributed among the following centres: After World War II, many European scientists left Western Europe in order to work with the United States. Although the 1950s boom made it possible for Western European countries to invest in research and specifically in space-related activities, Western European"
"even though it is located at the South-American continent. Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana was chosen as launch site because it is close to the equator from which commercially important orbits are easier to access. During the era of Ariane 4 ESA gained the position of market leader in commercial space launches. The ESA has launched the first set of satellites required for the Galileo GPS network. This is mainly a political decision by the EU to reduce dependence on American military technology and can thus be seen as a political statement. The Galileo system is operated under"
"shipped to French Guiana for assembly. ESA benefits because it gains a medium payload launcher, complementing its fleet while saving on development costs. In addition, the Soyuz rocket—which has been the Russian's space launch workhorse for some 40 years—is proven technology with a very good safety record. Russia benefits in that it gets access to the Kourou launch site. Due to its proximity to the equator, launching from Kourou rather than Baikonur nearly doubles Soyuz's payload to GTO (3.0 tonnes vs. 1.7 tonnes). Soyuz first launched from Kourou on 21 October 2011, and successfully placed two Galileo satellites into orbit"
"However, because most other facilities of the Centre Spatial Guyanais are in the neighbouring and more populous Kourou commune, and because the entire CSG itself is thus often called the Kourou space centre, the Guianan Soyuz site/project is also occasionally called ""Soyuz at Kourou"", even though this is technically incorrect. Sinnamary Sinnamary is a town and commune on the coast of French Guiana, between Kourou and Iracoubo. Sinnamary was the second French settlement to be founded in French Guiana: the town was founded in 1664. It lies on the Sinnamary River. The town contains an Indonesian community, as well as"
"Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz The Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (ELS) (in English Soyuz Launch Complex) is a launch complex at the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou/Sinnamary, French Guiana. It is used by Soyuz-ST rockets: modified versions of the Soyuz-2 optimised for launch from Kourou under Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre programme. The first launch to use the complex occurred on 21 October 2011, when a Soyuz ST-B launched the first two Galileo In Orbit Validation spacecraft. The site's equatorial latitude allows a greater payload mass to be delivered into geosynchronous transfer orbit compared to existing Soyuz launch facilities at"
"in Kourou, French Guiana, are good locations for spaceports as they have a faster rotational speed than other latitudes; the added velocity reduces the fuel needed to launch spacecraft. Since Earth rotates eastward, spacecraft must also be launched eastward (if not, to the southeast or northeast) to take advantage of this Earth-boost of speed. The precise location of the Equator is not truly fixed; the true equatorial plane is perpendicular to the Earth's spin axis, which drifts about during a year. This effect must be accounted for in detailed geophysical measurements. The International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and the International"
"Kourou on 31 August 2012 to begin launch preparations. ""Albert Einstein"" was launched on an Ariane 5ES rocket from the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana at 21:52:11 UTC on 5 June 2013. The launch was conducted by Arianespace on behalf of the European Space Agency (ESA). At the time of its launch, ""Albert Einstein"" was the heaviest spacecraft ever launched to orbit by an Ariane rocket, with a total mass of . The ATV docked successfully with the ISS at 14:07 UTC (16:07 CEST) on 15 June 2013. After a successful five-month mission, ""Albert Einstein"" re-entered the Earth's"
"quantity of payload orders requiring fuelling at the launch complex S3B site had been identified as a possible bottleneck in flight operations FCube, a new clean room fuelling facility dedicated to the Fregat upper stage and potentially additional small satellite payloads was built which will cut fuelling times from five weeks to as little as one. Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz The Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz (ELS) (in English Soyuz Launch Complex) is a launch complex at the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou/Sinnamary, French Guiana. It is used by Soyuz-ST rockets: modified versions of the Soyuz-2 optimised for launch from Kourou"
"Spaceport America Spaceport America is an FAA-licensed spaceport located on of State Trust Land in the Jornada del Muerto desert basin in New Mexico, United States directly west and adjacent to U.S. Army's White Sands Missile Range. It lies north of El Paso, north of Las Cruces, and southeast of Truth or Consequences. The site has been described as ""the world's first purpose-built commercial spaceport"" because it is the first spaceport designed and constructed specifically for commercial users that had not previously been an airport or federal infrastructure of any kind. The site is built to accommodate both vertical and"
"Centre in Kourou, French Guiana, in September 2012. It was launched successfully on an Ariane 5ES rocket at 21:52:11 UTC (23:52:11 CEST) on 5 June 2013. After launch, ""Albert Einstein"" spent ten days conducting orbital manoeuvres before docking with the ISS. This time frame was chosen for logistical rather than technological reasons – the ATV is capable of docking with the station five days after launch, as demonstrated by the ""Edoardo Amaldi"" ATV in 2012, but the launch from Kourou could not occur later, as the launch pad was required for subsequent commercial launches. In addition, docking with the ISS"
"for Europe's Galileo space navigation system. In 2008, Surrey formed a US subsidiary, ""Surrey Satellite Technology-US"", in Englewood, Colorado to focus on the US smallsat market. At the time, plans were that the office could grow to over 200 people. In June 2017, SSTL announced they would close the Colorado satellite manufacturing facility in the US and would consolidate all manufacturing back into the UK. Mission Objective: S-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar to help monitor suspicious shipping activity. Launched on 16 September 2018, by ISRO. Customer: Airbus Defence and Space Customer: Ghalam LLP (Kazakhstan) Mission: Medium Resolution Earth Observation and space"
"Port of Santos The Port of Santos (in Portuguese: ""Porto de Santos"") is located in the city of Santos, state of São Paulo, Brazil. As of 2006, it is the busiest container port in Latin America. It possesses a wide variety of cargo handling terminals—solid and liquid bulk, containers, and general loads. It is Brazil's leading port in container traffic. The terrestrial access system to the port is made up by the Anchieta and Imigrantes highways and by the railroads operated by Ferroban and MRS. It was once considered the ""port of death"" in the 19th century due to yellow"
"Rafael Cordero Santiago Port of the Americas The Rafael Cordero Santiago Port of the Americas (PLA) is a megaport currently under construction in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The project aims to convert the current Port of Ponce into a value-added tax-free customs-free international shipping hub similar to, though not as large as, the megaports located in Singapore and Rotterdam. The Port of the Americas is considered Puerto Rico's main Caribbean port, and, at a depth of 50 feet, it is also the deepest port in the Caribbean. The port was originally overseen by the Port of the Americas Authority () a"
"Malargüe Station Malargüe Station (also known as DSA 3 or Deep Space Antenna 3) is a 35-metre ESTRACK radio antenna in Argentina. It enables the European Space Agency (ESA) to communication with spacecraft in deep space. It is located south of the town of Malargüe, Argentina. The Malargüe antenna has two sister stations, Cebreros Station, near Madrid, Spain, and New Norcia Station near New Norcia, Australia. The completion of this station allows ESTRACK to track deep space missions continuously. On 7 December 2011, the station's 35 m-diameter dish antenna was hoisted into place. The operation took several hours and had"
"May 2015, a specialized press article stated that due to the technical success of the landing attempts on the sea on the autonomous spaceport drone ship (ASDS), SpaceX was planning on using the New Mexico site for testing the returned stages. But to date, no work has occurred at the facility. On 19 February 2015 SpaceX announced that the F9R Dev2 would be discontinued. Spaceport America Spaceport America is an FAA-licensed spaceport located on of State Trust Land in the Jornada del Muerto desert basin in New Mexico, United States directly west and adjacent to U.S. Army's White Sands Missile"
"launching Russian-built Soyuz-2 rockets. The first Soyuz launch from ELS was postponed several times, but launched on October 21, 2011. ELS is located on the territory of Sinnamary commune, from Kourou harbor. It is north of the site used for the Ariane 5 launches. Under the terms of the Russo-European joint venture, ESA will augment its own launch vehicle fleet with Soyuz rockets—using them to launch ESA or commercial payloads—and the Russians will get access to the Kourou spaceport for launching their own payloads with Soyuz rockets. Russia will use the Guiana Space Centre in addition to Baikonur Cosmodrome. The"
"while many large industries continue to work in such a small area, there will always be some pollution. Cubatão was mentioned in the Jello Biafra-Sepultura collaboration ""Biotech is Godzilla"" on the group's 1993 album ""Chaos A.D."" Cubatão is the name of an A La Carte song from 1981. Cubatão Cubatão is a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, 12 kilometers away from Santos seaport, the largest in Latin America. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista. The population is 127,006 (2015 est.) in an area of 142.88 km². It hosts industries, refining oil, steel mills"
"a common misconception that the main advantage of launching a rocket from the equator is the extra boost provided by the speed of the Earth's rotation. For example, the eastward boost provided by the Earth's rotation is about at the Guiana Space Centre, as compared to about at the United States east coast Cape Canaveral and Kennedy Space Center spaceports which are at 28°27′N latitude in Florida. This means that rockets need around 60 m/s more delta-v to reach Low Earth Orbit (LEO) from Cape Canaveral, which is an insignificant disadvantage. In reality, the main benefit of Kourou is that"
"Lockheed Martin, etc.); Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Bombardier, Pratt & Whitney Canada); Toulouse, France (Airbus/EADS); Hamburg, Germany (Airbus/EADS); and São José dos Campos, Brazil (Embraer), Querétaro, Mexico (Bombardier Aerospace, General Electric Aviation) and Mexicali, Mexico (United Technologies Corporation, Gulfstream Aerospace). In the European Union, aerospace companies such as EADS, BAE Systems, Thales, Dassault, Saab AB and Leonardo S.p.A. (formerly Finmeccnica) account for a large share of the global aerospace industry and research effort, with the European Space Agency as one of the largest consumers of aerospace technology and products. In India, Bangalore is a major center of the aerospace industry, where"
"PortAventura World PortAventura World is an entertainment resort in Salou and Vila-seca, Tarragona, on the Costa Daurada in Catalonia, Spain. It was built around the PortAventura Park theme park, which attracts around 3.5 million visitors per year, making it the most visited theme park in Spain and the sixth most visited theme park in Europe. The resort includes a second theme park, Ferrari Land, since 2017 and also includes PortAventura Caribe Aquatic Park, five hotels, a convention centre and a RV park. It is the biggest resort in the south of Europe which attracts around 5 million visitors per year."
"Salou Salou () is a municipality of the ""comarca"" of Tarragonès, in the province of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain. The city is approximately 10 km from Tarragona and Reus on the Costa Daurada and 112 km from Barcelona. Aside from its string of beaches interrupted by rocky coves, and its landscaped promenade, one of its main attractions is the PortAventura World resort. The Dutch movie ""Costa!"" and the television series with the same title were both filmed in Salou. Used as a port by Greeks (who named it ""Salauris"") and Romans, it appeared again in an important historic event, when"
"an old prison fountain near the moucaya palm trees. In 1965, the ""Centre Spatial Guyanais"" (CSG) was founded a little behind the town by the CNES. With the launch facility being used by the European Space Agency (ESA) since 1975, the urbanisation of Kourou began in earnest. The population of the town grew rapidly, and has not shown any signs of slowing since. The 3rd Foreign Infantry Regiment of the French Foreign Legion, whose mission is to protect the CSG, has had a base in the ""Forget"" neighbourhood since 1973. They clashed with the Creoles in 1985 and 2006. Average"
"Spaceport Sweden Spaceport Sweden is a company that plans to make Kiruna the primary European Spaceport for personal suborbital spaceflight for space tourism, research, education, and a hub for cross-industry innovation. Located in Kiruna, in Swedish Lapland, Spaceport Sweden is being developed at Kiruna Airport which will be a hybrid for air and space travel as well as learning adventures, education and research. Swedish Minister for Enterprise and Communication Maud Olofsson inaugurated the project as a national initiative in 2007. The current CEO of the spaceport is Karin Nilsdotter. The official inauguration of the company was made on 26 January"
"The main themes are motivation and space travel. Marcos received numerous awards through his career. Marcos Pontes Marcos Cesar Pontes (born March 11, 1963) is a Brazilian Air Force pilot, engineer, AEB astronaut and author. He became the first South American and the first Lusophone to go into space when he launched into the International Space Station aboard Soyuz TMA-8 on March 30, 2006. He is the only Brazilian to have completed the NASA astronaut training program, although he switched to training in Russia after NASA's Space Shuttle program encountered problems. He currently lives in Houston with his wife and"
"establish commercial spaceflight in Kiruna, in Swedish Lapland. Spaceport Sweden Spaceport Sweden is a company that plans to make Kiruna the primary European Spaceport for personal suborbital spaceflight for space tourism, research, education, and a hub for cross-industry innovation. Located in Kiruna, in Swedish Lapland, Spaceport Sweden is being developed at Kiruna Airport which will be a hybrid for air and space travel as well as learning adventures, education and research. Swedish Minister for Enterprise and Communication Maud Olofsson inaugurated the project as a national initiative in 2007. The current CEO of the spaceport is Karin Nilsdotter. The official inauguration"
"Space Centre near Kourou in French Guiana and the North European Aerospace Test Range, located in northern Sweden. Pre-orders are expected in the 2011–2013 time frame coinciding with the formation of the manufacturing consortium. On 8 December 2011, Alan Bond stated that Skylon would enter into service by 2021–2022 instead of 2020 as previously envisaged. On 13 July 2012, ESA Director-General Jean-Jacques Dordain publicly stated that the ESA would be holding a series of talks with REL with the aim of developing a further ""technical understanding"". In November 2012, REL announced that it would commence work upon a three-and-a-half-year project"
"because ""a white stork carries an image of conveying an important thing (a baby, happiness, and other joyful things), therefore, it precisely expresses the HTV's mission to transport essential materials to the ISS"". White Kounotori can carry of cargo in total, about of which is accessible by the crew in the pressurized section, the remainder is unpressurised cargo on Exposed Pallet to be handled by the ISS's robotic arm. The European Space Agency (ESA) uses the Guiana Space Centre or, more commonly, Centre Spatial Guyanais (CSG). It is a French spaceport near Kourou in French Guiana. Operational since 1968, it"
"Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca Buenaventura is a coastal seaport city on the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia (South America). Buenaventura (Spanish for ""good fortune"") is the main port of Colombia in the Pacific Ocean. Buenaventura is a city with a population of 333,194 as of the 2005 census (most of city development lies on Cascajal Island) and it is the size of Los Angeles' metropolitan area; most of the city's land is rural with scattered small villages throughout. It is served by the Gerardo Tobar López Airport. The city is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network after it"
"Pineda, PortAventura, Reus and Tarragona. Salou Salou () is a municipality of the ""comarca"" of Tarragonès, in the province of Tarragona, in Catalonia, Spain. The city is approximately 10 km from Tarragona and Reus on the Costa Daurada and 112 km from Barcelona. Aside from its string of beaches interrupted by rocky coves, and its landscaped promenade, one of its main attractions is the PortAventura World resort. The Dutch movie ""Costa!"" and the television series with the same title were both filmed in Salou. Used as a port by Greeks (who named it ""Salauris"") and Romans, it appeared again in"
"Space Coast The Space Coast is a region in the U.S. state of Florida around the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. All of NASA-launched manned spaceflights (running from Project Mercury in 1961 to the end of the Space Shuttle program in 2011) have departed from either KSC or Cape Canaveral. The Air Force Station has also launched unmanned military and civilian rockets. Cities in the area include Titusville, Cocoa, Rockledge, Cape Canaveral, Merritt Island (unincorporated), Cocoa Beach, Melbourne, Indialantic, Palm Bay, and Viera (unincorporated). Most of the area lies within Brevard County. It is bounded"
"entering Neuquén Province, but is only partially built and not well maintained beyond Malargüe City. Air traffic in the area (only local flights) is served by the Comodoro D. Ricardo Salomón Airport. Malargüe is also home to the southern site of the Pierre Auger Observatory, an international physics experiment searching for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The European Space Agency began construction of a deep space ground station 30 km south of Malargüe in 2010. It became operational in early 2013 Malargüe Station and is the third 35m dish in its ESTRACK network. Malargüe Malargüe () is a city in the"