"""aloha"" corresponds to Māori ""aroha"", ""love, tender emotion"". Similarly, the Hawaiian word for kava is ""awa"". Similarities in basic vocabulary may allow speakers from different island groups to achieve a surprising degree of understanding of each other's speech. When a particular language shows unexpectedly large divergence in vocabulary, this may be the result of a name-avoidance taboo situation – see examples in Tahitian, where this has happened often. Many Polynesian languages have been greatly affected by European colonization. Both Māori and Hawaiian, for example, have lost many speakers to English, and only in the last twenty years have they resurged"
"elsewhere, the name of the largest Sāmoan island preserves a cognate with the word ""Hawaiki"", as does the name of the Polynesian islands of (the denoting a glottal stop that replaces the ""k"" in some Polynesian languages). On several island groups including New Zealand and the Marquesas the term has been recorded as associated with the underworld and death. William Wyatt Gill discusses at length the legends about Avaiki as the underworld or Hades of Mangaia in the Cook Islands. Gill (1876:155) records a proverb: ""Ua po Avaiki, ua ao nunga nei"" – 'Tis night now in spirit-land, for 'tis"
"Pendek which means short. The Department additionally bans names with the meaning of colors, animals and natural phenomena. This effectively renders many traditional names illegal including Puteh or Putih (white), Wulan or Bulan (moon), Suria (sun), Rimau (tiger) and Awan (cloud). Because of these restrictions, the vast majority of Malays today tend to favour Arabic names. However, names from the following languages are common as well: Names of Arabo-Hebrew origins are also common, for example Adam, Yaakob, Ishak, Bunyamin and Danial and Sarah. Additionally, names of Arabo-Hebrew origins that are seldom used by the Muslim Arabs are widespread among Malays,"
"to scare away potential trouble-making natives. Jan Tent, a Macquarie University linguist, and Dr. Paul Geraghty, director of the Institute of Fijian Language and Culture in Suva, suggest that the word may have its origins in the travels of the Polynesians themselves. They believe that the Polynesian islanders may have encountered Malay travellers prior to contact with Europeans, and adopted the Malay word ""barang"" (meaning: imported cloth). These researchers also suggest another possible etymology - the Malay word for European, as used in the 17th and 18th centuries, was ""faranggi"". However, they discount this possibility as the word ""palangi"" seems"
"gained widespread use throughout much of western Polynesia, including in Tokelau, Tuvalu, 'Uvea and Futuna. Written ""Pālagi"" or ""Papālagi"" in Samoan, and ""Papālangi"" or ""Pālangi"" in Tongan, the term ""Pālagi"" is also used in Niuean. The etymology of the term ""Palagi"" is disputed. An explanation that emerged in the 19th century is that word is derived from the Polynesian rootwords ""pa"" (meaning: gates) and ""lagi"" (meaning: sky or heaven), hence the standard translation ""gates of heaven"" It has been suggested that the compound word comes from the Polynesian's reaction to seeing for the first time, European missionaries enter the country."
"enforce a ban on Hawaiian. Beginning in 1900, Mary Kawena Pukui, who was later the co-author of the Hawaiian–English Dictionary, was punished for speaking Hawaiian by being rapped on the forehead, allowed to eat only bread and water for lunch, and denied home visits on holidays. Winona Beamer was expelled from Kamehameha Schools in 1937 for chanting Hawaiian. In 1949, the legislature of the Territory of Hawaii commissioned Mary Pukui and Samuel Elbert to write a new dictionary of Hawaiian, either revising the Andrews-Parker work or starting from scratch. Pukui and Elbert took a middle course, using what they could"
"Hantu demon Hantu is the Malay and Indonesian word for spirit or ghost. In modern usage it generally means spirits of the dead but has also come to erroneously refer to any legendary invisible being, such as demons. In its traditional context the term also referred to animistic nature spirits or ancestral souls. The word is derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian ""*qanitu"" and Proto-Austronesian ""*qaNiCu"". Cognates in other Austronesian languages include the Micronesian ""aniti"", Nage ""nitu"", Tao ""anito"", Taivoan ""alid"", Seediq and Atayal ""utux"", Bunun ""hanitu"" or ""hanidu"", Polynesian ""aitu"" or ""atua"", and Tsou ""hicu"" among Taiwanese aborigines. In terms of concept"
"town of Gore (not coincidentally, the nearest large town to Invercargill). Even today, the term ""Hokonui"" conjures up images of illicit whisky to many New Zealanders. In many countries in Latin America, the Philippines, Turkey and several US states, the sale but not the consumption of alcohol is prohibited before and during elections. Prohibition Prohibition is the act or practice of forbidding something by law; more particularly the term refers to the banning of the manufacture, storage (whether in barrels or in bottles), transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The word is also used to refer to a"
"regions dedicated to the gods where people are forbidden to go. Sacred groves are often present in such places, as also in Gusukus – fortified areas which contain sacred sites within them. The Seifa-utaki was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site designated in 2003. It consists of a triangular cavern formed by gigantic rocks, and contains a sacred grove with rare, indigenous trees like the Kubanoki (a kind of palm) and the ""yabunikkei"" or Cinnamomum japonicum (a form of wild cinnamon). Direct access to the grove is forbidden. Much of the ways of the ancient inhabitants of Malaysia have"
"Polynesia, which is sometimes differentiated with the name ""Maria Est"" (East). There is also another island once known as Hull Island in the Phoenix Islands, which is now known as Orona. According to Polynesian legend, the uninhabited island was discovered by Chief Ama'itera'i of Rurutu in ancient times. It was made a place of exile by King Teuruarii IV and his mother and regent Taarouru. The island was also claimed by the neighboring island kingdom of Rimatara. The territorial dispute wouldn't be settled until 1937, when two of the four atolls were awarded to each party. This atoll is named"
"Aitu In Polynesian languages the word aitu refers to ghosts or spirits, often malevolent. The word is common to many languages of Western and Eastern Polynesia. In the mythology of Tonga, for example, ""aitu"" or ""eitu"" are lesser gods, many being patrons of specific villages and families. They often take the form of plants or animals, and are often more cruel than other gods. These trouble-making gods are regarded as having come from Samoa. The Tongan word ""tangi lauaitu"" means to cry from grief, to lament. In Māori mythology, the word ""aitu"" refers to sickness, calamity, or demons; the related"
"Hawaiian name Mokule’ia means “district of abundance."" Because the area is a protected marine preserve, fishing and spearing are not allowed and harming or taking any marine life is prohibited. In the winter, the beach's waves are typically very large and often dangerous, though experts frequently use the beach for surfing and bodyboarding. Large waves break approximately two hundred feet out from the shoreline during the winter. There is also a hidden sandbar that is located about one hundred feet from the shore where it seems you may easily swim out to this sandbar and stand in approximately three feet"
"such habits as infanticide, cannibalism and tribal wars, it also enabled them to introduce the idea of sin, which was unknown on Tahiti until then. The joy of dancing, so dear to the Polynesian heart, was one of the first to be axed. The famous Pōmare code of 1819 declared the upaupa (and tattooing in the same line) to be bad and immoral habitudes, severely to be opposed. The Leewards followed suit soon after. But dancing continued in secret. In the code of 1842 many restrictions were relaxed, but the upaupa (the general term for dancing then) remained on the"
"in the Javanese language it is known as the ""upas"" or ""ancar"". In the Indonesian language it is known as ""bemu"". In the related official language of the Philippines, Filipino, ""upas"", and in Malaysia's Malaysian language as ""Ipoh"" or ""ancar"". In Thai it is the ยางน่อง (yangnong). In Mandinka, it is the ""jafo"" and in Wolof the ""kan"" or ""man"". The Chinese of Hainan Island, refer to the tree as the ""Poison Arrow Tree"" ( — ""Arrow Poison Wood,"") because its latex was smeared on arrowheads in ancient times by the Li people for use in hunting and warfare. Currently"
"held in the manner of a rocket launcher. Originating in the province of Cavite, use of the device has been banned by the Philippine government since 2006. Bamboo cannon A bamboo cannon (, Jawi: مريام بولوه ; ; , Bahasa Indonesia: ""meriam bambu"", Javanese: ""mercon bumbung"") is a type of home-made firecracker which is popular during the Hari Raya festive season in Malaysia, and during New Year's Eve celebrations in the Philippines. Like other fireworks, bamboo cannons are illegal as stated in Malaysian Explosive Act 1957; more Malay children turn to the more dangerous bamboo cannon as an alternative to"
"Kapu Kapu is the ancient Hawaiian code of conduct of laws and regulations. The ""kapu"" system was universal in lifestyle, gender roles, politics and religion. An offense that was ""kapu"" was often a capital offense, but also often denoted a threat to spiritual power, or theft of ""mana"". ""Kapus"" were strictly enforced. Breaking one, even unintentionally, often meant immediate death, ""Koo kapu"". The concept is related to taboo and the ""tapu"" or ""tabu"" found in other Polynesian cultures. The Hawaiian word ""kapu"" is usually translated to English as ""forbidden"", though it also carries the meanings of ""keep out"", ""no trespassing"","
"word ""aituā"" means misfortune, accident, disaster. In Tahitian, ""aitu"" (syn. atua/raitu) can mean 'god' or 'spirit'; in other languages, including Rarotongan, Samoan, Sikaiana, Kapingamarangi, Takuu, Tuamotuan, and Niuean, ""aitu"" are ghosts or spirits. In Cook Islands ""Aitu"" is also the name of ancient tribes who came from the east. In the Samoa Islands, ""aitu"" also means ghost. In other Austronesian cultures, cognates of ""aitu"" include the Polynesian ""atua"", Micronesian ""aniti"", Bunun ""hanitu"", Filipino and Tao ""anito"", and Malaysian and Indonesian ""hantu"" or ""antu"". Aitu In Polynesian languages the word aitu refers to ghosts or spirits, often malevolent. The word is"
"to the death by drowning of a woman and the hospitalisation of a teen, allegedly due to attempts to remove such a curse. Makutu Mākutu in the Māori language of New Zealand means ""witchcraft"", ""sorcery"", ""to bewitch""; and also a ""spell or incantation"". It may also be described as a belief in malignant occult powers possessed by certain people. Elsdon Best (1859-1931) portrayed the belief in mākutu as ""universal and prominent in pre-European times"", stating that it acted as ""a disciplinary force in the old days; it was one of the substitutes for civil law that preserved order in a"
"themselves. The Umbrawarra Gorge Nature Park was a Dreaming site of the bird, in this area known as ""Kuna-ngarrk-ngarrk"". It was similarly symbolic to the Tasmanian indigenous people—""Nairanaa"" was one name used there. Known as ""Manulab"" to the people of Nissan Island, the white-bellied sea eagle is considered special and killing it is forbidden. Its calls at night are said to foretell danger, and seeing a group of calling eagles flying overhead is a sign that someone has died. Local Malay folk tales tell of the white-bellied sea eagle screaming to warn the shellfish of the turning of tides, and"
"""sacred"". Some terms using Kapu: Kapu Kapu is the ancient Hawaiian code of conduct of laws and regulations. The ""kapu"" system was universal in lifestyle, gender roles, politics and religion. An offense that was ""kapu"" was often a capital offense, but also often denoted a threat to spiritual power, or theft of ""mana"". ""Kapus"" were strictly enforced. Breaking one, even unintentionally, often meant immediate death, ""Koo kapu"". The concept is related to taboo and the ""tapu"" or ""tabu"" found in other Polynesian cultures. The Hawaiian word ""kapu"" is usually translated to English as ""forbidden"", though it also carries the meanings"
"Mbula language Mbula (also known as Mangap-Mbula, Mangaaba, Mangaawa, Mangaava, Kaimanga) is an Austronesian language spoken by around 2,500 people on Umboi Island and Sakar Island in the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea. Its basic word order is subject–verb–object; it has a nominative–accusative case-marking strategy. Mbula speakers generally display difficulty expressing a name for their language. Historically it has been referenced as Mangap or Kaimanga but Kaimanga is considered an offensive term along the lines of ""unsophisticated bush person"". Mangap is not in known use however Mangaaba is the name given to Mbula speakers by Siassi Islanders. Mbula is"
"these were considered parts of the male gods. Punishment for violation could be severe, as a woman might endanger a man's mana, or soul, by eating with him or otherwise by eating the forbidden food because doing so dishonored all the male gods. As the system broke down after 1810, introductions of foods from laborers on plantations began to be included at feasts and much cross pollination occurred, where Asian foodstuffs mixed with Polynesian foodstuffs like breadfruit, kukui nuts, and purple sweet potatoes. Some notable Hawaiian fare includes seared ahi tuna, opakapaka (snapper) with passionfruit, Hawaiian island-raised lamb, beef and"
"Malay and Indonesian. The dictionary published by the Bangla Academy gives the meaning of the Bengali word ""মালাউন"" as someone cursed or deprived of Allah's mercy or forcefully evicted or a Kafir. It mentions that the word is used as a slur by the Muslims against the non-Muslims. In Bangladesh, the word is more specifically used to refer to the Hindu religious minority. In colloquial usage, the word is sometimes shortened to ""Malu"". Nirmal Kumar Bose noted the usage of the term as early as 1946 in Noakhali. During the 1971 Bangladesh Genocide, the Pakistani officers addressed Dr. Govinda Chandra"
"deceased relatives by name. Other restrictions apply to the objects of nature, harvest, hunting and fishing, for which certain words should be chosen depending on the island area. These taboos have explanations in associated myths of legends. In all cases, the words for taboo items are not omitted, but substituted by alternatives. All Buru dialects have loanwords. Many of them originated from Dutch and Portuguese during the Dutch colonization and referred to the objects not previously seen on the island. Other types of borrowed words came from Malayan languages as a result of inflow of people from the nearby island."
"glottal stop, it is 'Avaiki; in the Hawaiian Islands, where w is used and k is replaced with the glottal stop, the largest island of the group is named Hawai'i; in Samoa, where s has not been replaced by h, v is used instead of w, and k is replaced with the glottal stop, the largest island is called Savai'i. In the Society Islands, k and ng are replaced by the glottal stop, so the name for the ancestral homeland is pronounced Havai'i. Polynesian languages fall into two branches, Tongic and Nuclear Polynesian. Tongan and Niuean constitute the Tongic branch;"
"Pelesit Pelesit is a Malay term for an inherited spirit or demon which serves a master. It is found in early Malay animism. The Pelesit is reared by a woman as a shield for protection, guidance, and most probably as a weapon to harm other people. In that way it is associated with a black magic practitioner. It is the female version of Hantu Raya which confers great power on the owner. In old Malay culture some people chose to live alone thus isolating themselves from society. They practiced black magic in order to gain strength, power, protection, beauty, but"
"Pusaka Pusaka is a Sanskrit word meaning treasure or heirloom. Within Javanese Kejawen culture and other Austronesian cultures affected by it, known as the Malays, but most specifically the inhabitants of modern-day Indonesia and Malaysia; (Minangs), Balinese Bataks, Bugis, Manado, Minang, Moro, Pampangan, Tagalog and many others, ""pusaka"" specifically refers to family heirlooms inherited from ancestors, which must be treasured and protected. These ""pusaka"" may have individual names, honorific titles and may have supernatural attributes and qualities. The possessor of the ""pusaka"" may be positively or negatively affected by the ""pusaka"", depending on the will or spirit of the item."
"October through February), war and unnecessary work was kapu (forbidden). In Hawaiian weather terminology, the winter Kona storms that bring rain to leeward areas are associated with Lono. Lono brings on the rains and dispenses fertility, and as such was sometimes referred to as Lono-makua (Lono the Provider). Ceremonies went through a monthly and yearly cycle. For 8 months of the year, the luakini (temple) was dedicated to Ku-with strict kapus. Four periods (kapu pule) each month required strict ceremonies. Violators could have their property seized by priests or overlord chiefs, or be sentenced to death for serious breaches. Some"
"name of its master. However, it is not uncommon for the polong to name some other person to misguide the ""pawang"" (shaman). Hence, the admission must be taken cautiously. Polong Polong is Malay for a spirit enslaved by a man (most of the time) for personal use. Like the Hantu Raya and Toyol, it has a master. It is an unseen ghost that can be used by a black magic practitioner to harm someone. It is particularly meant to harm other people, especially when the owner has wicked intentions towards these people. Polong is one of the ghosts mentioned in"
"birth. The word ""pontianak"" is reportedly a corruption of the Malay ""perempuan mati beranak"", or “woman who died in childbirth”. Another theory is that the word is a combination of ""puan"" (woman) + ""mati"" (die) + ""anak"" (child). The term ""matianak"" means ""death of a child"". The city of Pontianak in Indonesia is named after this wicked creature, which was a ghosts' nest until Syarif Abdurrahman Alkadrie and his Army fought and extruded ghosts who attacked his group by shooting cannon balls. Pontianaks are usually depicted as pale-skinned women with long black hair, red eyes, and white dress smeared in"
"was why the movie did not depict any attempt to convert Jason (the Chinese non-Muslim main character) to Islam after he had fallen in love with a Malay girl. In 2014 the biblical film Noah was banned by the Malaysian authorities reasoning that the film was un-Islamic. On 10 December 2007, Malaysian authorities banned the Malay-language section of a Catholic weekly newspaper, The Catholic Herald due to its use of the word Allah, the name for God which Christians had used for hundreds of years in the country. Their reasoning is that the word Allah by Christians would confuse Malay"
"""pololū"" (long spears), ""ōō"" (digging sticks), ""hohoa"" (round ""kapa"" beaters) ""ie kūkū"" (square ""kapa"" beaters), ""leiomano"" (shark tooth clubs), and ""kii"" (tiki carvings) with it. ""A. ponderosa"" is considered a vulnerable species by the IUCN because of its fragmented distribution and declining population. Major threats include rats, pigs, deer, competition with introduced species of plants, and wildfire. Alphitonia ponderosa Alphitonia ponderosa is a species of flowering tree in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae, that is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It is locally known as kauila, as is the related ""Colubrina oppositifolia"". ""A. ponderosa"" is a medium to large tree, reaching"
"away to Bali (or elsewhere) to earn money to send home. Helong is an Austronesian language, a group of languages spoken in Polynesia, an area north of Australia. Helong belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of Austronesian languages, placing it among languages totaling over 385 million speakers Helong shares its repetition of words in other words like ""dua~dua"" (English: pair) with the nuclear Malayo-Polynesian languages. Some languages in this family include Hawaiian, Samoan, Tahitian, and Fijian. The Endangered Languages Project has classified Helong as ""vulnerable"", based on the most recent data from 1997. The largest threat to Helong is a dialect"