"March 5, 1872. Westinghouse made numerous alterations to improve his air pressured brake invention, which led to various forms of the automatic brake. In the early 20th century, after its advantages were proven in railway use, it was adopted by manufacturers of trucks and heavy road vehicles. Air brake systems are typically used on heavy trucks and buses. The system consists of service brakes, parking brakes, a control pedal, and an air storage tank. For the parking brake, there is a disc or drum arrangement which is designed to be held in the 'applied' position by spring pressure. Air pressure"
"Drum The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments. In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system, it is a membranophone. Drums consist of at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drum skin, that is stretched over a shell and struck, either directly with the player's hands, or with a percussion mallet, to produce sound. There is usually a ""resonance head"" on the underside of the drum, typically tuned to a slightly lower pitch than the top drumhead. Other techniques have been used to cause drums to make sound, such as the thumb roll. Drums are the world's"
"Drum (container) A drum is a cylindrical container used for shipping bulk cargo. Drums can be made of steel, dense paperboard (commonly called a fiber drum), or plastics, and are generally used for the transportation and storage of liquids and powders. Drums are often certified for shipment of dangerous goods. Shipped goods must be matched with the make of drum necessary to comply with applicable regulations. Drums are also called barrels in common usage. It is common to hear a drum referred to as a barrel and the two terms are used nearly interchangeably. Many drums have a common nominal"
"solid walled disc drum), pseudo continuously (self-cleaning disc drum) or continuously (nozzle drum). The drum is the centerpiece of the separator, in which the separation process takes place. There are two types of drums: the chamber drum (known as chamber separators) and the disc drum (known as disc separators). The power transmission on the spindle and thereby on the drum can take place by using one of the three drive motors: helical gears, a belt drive or direct drive, via a special motor. The sealing of the separators is differentiated into four types: open, semi-closed, hydro-hermetic (sealing of the product"
"the battle drum"". Drum The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments. In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system, it is a membranophone. Drums consist of at least one membrane, called a drumhead or drum skin, that is stretched over a shell and struck, either directly with the player's hands, or with a percussion mallet, to produce sound. There is usually a ""resonance head"" on the underside of the drum, typically tuned to a slightly lower pitch than the top drumhead. Other techniques have been used to cause drums to make sound, such as the thumb roll. Drums"
"Bass drum A bass drum, or kick drum, is a large drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. Bass drums are percussion instruments and vary in size and are used in several musical genres. Three major types of bass drums can be distinguished. A bass drum is typically cylindrical with the drum's diameter much greater than the drum's depth. There is normally a struck head at both ends of the cylinder. The heads may be made of calf skin or plastic. There is normally a means of adjusting the tension either by threaded taps or by"
"Drum kit A drum kit — also called a drum set, trap set (a term using a contraction of the word, ""contraption""), or simply drums — is a collection of drums and other percussion instruments, typically cymbals, which are set up on stands to be played by a single player, with drumsticks held in both hands, and the feet operating pedals that control the hi-hat cymbal and the beater for the bass drum. A drum kit consists of a mix of drums (categorized classically as membranophones, Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2) and idiophones – most significantly cymbals, but can also include"
"""chimes"" or rims: sometimes called ""chines"". Most steel drums have reinforcing ""rolling hoops"" or rings of thickened metal or plastic. The open-top sub-type is sealed by a mechanical ring clamp (concave inwards) that exerts sufficient pressure to hold many non-volatile liquids and make an airtight seal against a gasket, as it exerts force inward and downward when tightened by a normal three-quarter inch wrench or ratchet wrench. Tops exist with bung holes as above, and these hybrid drums with lid can be used to ship many non-volatile liquids as well as industrial powders. Many drums are used to ship and"
"turn. However, note that the turn should be smooth and not jerky. A common problem may result from not stopping the weight of the drum at the end of the turn and letting the momentum get the better of the player. The solution to that problem involves tightening the core (abdominals and back muscles). Bass drum A bass drum, or kick drum, is a large drum that produces a note of low definite or indefinite pitch. Bass drums are percussion instruments and vary in size and are used in several musical genres. Three major types of bass drums can be"
"drum) is an electronic drum that has all of its pads (except foot pedals) and the electronic sound module combined in a single table-top unit. It usually has a small amplifier and small loudspeakers incorporated. The sound generation is generally simpler (single-layered samples) when compared to more expensive, full-size electronic kits. Also, the feel when playing a table-top drum/pad is very different from using a full-size electronic kit or an acoustic kit. The advantages of table-top drums are the portability and the relatively lower price. Some acoustic drummers use a table-top electronic drum as their first foray into electronic drumming,"
"Membranophone A membranophone is any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched membrane. It is one of the four main divisions of instruments in the original Hornbostel-Sachs scheme of musical instrument classification. Most membranophones are drums. Hornbostel-Sachs divides drums into three main types: struck drums, where the skin is hit with a stick, the hand, or something else; string drums, where a knotted string attached to the drum's skin is pulled, passing its vibrations onto the skin; and friction drums, where some sort of rubbing motion causes the skin to vibrate (a common type has"
"snare drum, a loud and distinctive-sounding percussion instrument. In pop and rock, the rhythm parts of a song are played by the rhythm section, which includes chord-playing instruments (e.g., electric guitar, acoustic guitar, piano, or other keyboard instruments), a bass instrument (typically electric bass or for some styles such as jazz and bluegrass, double bass) and a drum kit player. Musical texture is the overall sound of a piece of music or song. The texture of a piece or sing is determined by how the melodic, rhythmic, and harmonic materials are combined in a composition, thus determining the overall nature"
"Water drum Water drums are a category of membranophone characterized by the filling of the drum chamber with some amount of water to create a unique resonant sound. Water drums are used all over the world, including American Indian music, and are made of various materials, with a membrane stretched over a hard body such as a metal, clay, or wooden pot. Water drumming, the """" (Spanish: drum of water), ""bungo"", or ""liquindi"", of African origin, is water, such as a river, which is played by striking the surface directly with one's hands. It is performed by the Baka in"
"include the Moog Minimoog, ARP Odyssey, Yamaha CS-80, Korg MS-20, Sequential Circuits Prophet-5, Fairlight CMI, PPG Wave, Roland TB-303, Roland Alpha Juno, Nord Modular and Korg M1. A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument designed to imitate the sound of drums, cymbals, other percussion instruments, and often basslines. Drum machines either play back prerecorded samples of drums and cymbals or synthesized re-creations of drum/cymbal sounds in a rhythm and tempo that is programmed by a musician. Drum machines are most commonly associated with electronic dance music genres such as house music, but are also used in many other genres."
"with powdered goods, though they might ""store"" them very well, so are not used for such goods, being reserved for liquids transport and storage. Plastic drums are manufactured using injection blow moulding technology and have either a separate lid (similar to those on fiber drums) or a welded type top with the bung holes molded in. Metal drums are manufactured with cold-rolled steel sheets, welded themselves into long pipe-like sections then ""forged"" on a stamping press into drum bodies. A rolled seam is then made for the drum bottom, or bottom and top both. Drums have top and (usually) bottom"
"Steelpan Steelpans (also known as steel drums or pans, and sometimes, collectively with other musicians, as a steel band or orchestra) is a musical instrument originating from Trinidad and Tobago. Steel pan musicians are called pannists. The modern pan is a chromatically pitched percussion instrument made from 55 gallon industrial drums that formerly contained chemicals. ""Drum"" refers to the steel drum containers from which the pans are made; the steel drum is more correctly called a ""steel pan"" or ""pan"" as it falls into the idiophone family of instruments, and so is not a drum (which is a membranophone). Steel"
"Cylindrical drum Cylindrical drums are a category of drum instruments that include a wide range of implementations, including the bass drum and the Iranian ""dohol"". Cylindrical drums are generally two-headed and straight-sided, and sometimes use a buzzing, percussive string. The Iranian ""dohol"" is a famous form of cylindrical drum. Many music areas nears in the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia include variations on the dohol and cylindrical drum forms, including the ""dhol"" of Armenia, ""daval"" of Kurdistan and the ""tabl ballady"" of Egypt. Southeastern Europe is home to cylindrical drums like the ""tapan"" of Macedonia and the ""dauli"""
"of water drums: the Iroquois type and the Yaqui type. The Iroquois water drum is a small cup-shaped wooden vessel, with water inside it, and a moistened tanned hide stretched across the top opening; the wetness and tightness of the tanned hide produce changes in pitch as the water drum is played over time. The Yaqui type of water drum is actually a half gourd, large in size, that floats in a tub of water like a bubble on the surface; the outer round surface of the gourd is struck with a drum stick, and the vibrations are amplified using"
"approximately 2006, the American heavy metal band, Mushroomhead have used nontraditional water drums in their live show. Water drum Water drums are a category of membranophone characterized by the filling of the drum chamber with some amount of water to create a unique resonant sound. Water drums are used all over the world, including American Indian music, and are made of various materials, with a membrane stretched over a hard body such as a metal, clay, or wooden pot. Water drumming, the """" (Spanish: drum of water), ""bungo"", or ""liquindi"", of African origin, is water, such as a river, which"
"Electronic drum An electronic drum, also known as electric drums, digital drums, or electronic percussion, is a modern electronic musical instrument, a special type of synthesizer or sampler, primarily designed to serve as an alternative to an acoustic drum kit or other percussion instruments. An electronic drum consists of an electronic or digital sound module which produces the synthesized or sampled percussion sounds and one or more electric sensors to trigger the sounds. Like regular drums, the sensors are struck by drum sticks or by the hands (depending on the type of drum pad) and they are played in a"
"Drying drum Drying drum, also named drum dryer, is a machine for drying process, which people call drum drying. It’s a special kiln that usually co-works with burning system, like coal burner or oil burner. The heat goes through its inner cylinder, dehydrating the material inside. The materials can be added in and withdrawn during the drying process, so it can work continuously. The drying drum contains single-cylinder drying drum, twin-cylinder drying drum and multiple cylinder drying drum. Material goes in from one side of the drum dryer, and goes out from the other side. And the hot air (heat)"
"Foot drum ""For another term, see footed drum"" A foot drum is any type of drum that is typically played by striking it with the bare foot or pedal and beater combination. The most common type of foot drum is the kick drum or bass drum of a drum set or trap kit, which consists of a deep cylindrical shell with drumheads attached to both ends. Since the 1930s, many Chicago area musicians, producers, and engineers have referred to the bass drum as the ""foot drum"" or ""foot."" It is different from the term footed drum. Although not commonly used"
"of Greece. Cylindrical drum Cylindrical drums are a category of drum instruments that include a wide range of implementations, including the bass drum and the Iranian ""dohol"". Cylindrical drums are generally two-headed and straight-sided, and sometimes use a buzzing, percussive string. The Iranian ""dohol"" is a famous form of cylindrical drum. Many music areas nears in the Middle East, North Africa and Central Asia include variations on the dohol and cylindrical drum forms, including the ""dhol"" of Armenia, ""daval"" of Kurdistan and the ""tabl ballady"" of Egypt. Southeastern Europe is home to cylindrical drums like the ""tapan"" of Macedonia and"
"Drum machine A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument that creates percussion. Drum machines may imitate drum kits or other percussion instruments, or produce unique sounds. Most modern drum machines allow users to program their own rhythms. Drum machines may create sounds using analog synthesis or play prerecorded samples. Drum machines have had a lasting impact on popular music. The Roland TR-808, introduced in 1980, significantly influenced the development of dance and hip hop music; its successor, the TR-909, introduced in 1983, influenced genres such as techno, house and acid house. The first drum machine to use samples of"
"Friction drum A friction drum is a musical instrument found in various forms in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America. In Europe it emerged in the 16th century and was associated with specific religious and ceremonial occasions. A friction drum is a percussion instrument consisting of a single membrane stretched over a sound box, whose sound is produced by the player causing the membrane to vibrate by friction. The sound box may be a pot or jug or some open-ended hollow object. To produce the friction, the membrane may be directly rubbed with the fingers or through the use of"
"to accompany himself on drumkit, to a heel struck Cajon or a small stompbox. Foot drum ""For another term, see footed drum"" A foot drum is any type of drum that is typically played by striking it with the bare foot or pedal and beater combination. The most common type of foot drum is the kick drum or bass drum of a drum set or trap kit, which consists of a deep cylindrical shell with drumheads attached to both ends. Since the 1930s, many Chicago area musicians, producers, and engineers have referred to the bass drum as the ""foot drum"""
"music and the music of Africa, water drums are characterized by a unique sound caused by filling the drum with some amount of water. The ""talking drum"" is an important category of West African membranophone, characterized by the use of varying tones to ""talk"". Talking drums are used to communicate across distances. Military drums or ""war drums"" are drums in various forms that have been used in the military. Membranophone A membranophone is any musical instrument which produces sound primarily by way of a vibrating stretched membrane. It is one of the four main divisions of instruments in the original"
"Drum stick A drumstick is a type of percussion mallet used particularly for playing snare drum, drum kit and some other percussion instruments, and particularly for playing unpitched percussion. Specialized beaters used on some other percussion instruments, such as the metal beater or ""wand"" used with a triangle, and particularly beaters or ""mallets"" used with tuned percussion such as xylophone and timpani, are not normally referred to as ""drumsticks"". Drumsticks generally have all of the following characteristics: The archetypical drumstick is turned from a single piece of wood, most commonly of hickory, less commonly of maple, and least commonly but"
"Drum hardware Drum hardware refers to the parts of a drum or drum kit that are used to tension, position, and otherwise support the instruments themselves. Occasionally, the hardware is used percussively as well, the most common example being a rim shot. John Morrison is noted for his drum solos played entirely on a hi-hat stand (and occasionally also on other parts of the kit hardware, adjacent furniture, and audience). A drum ""hoop"" or ""rim"" may be made of metal, wood, or other materials and is used to hold a drumhead against a drum shell, either with bolts through metal"
"Four on the floor (music) Four-on-the-floor (or four-to-the-floor) is a rhythm pattern used primarily in disco and electronic dance music. It is a steady, uniformly accented beat in 4/4 time in which the bass drum is hit on every beat (1, 2, 3, 4) in common time. This was popularized in the disco music of the 1970s and the term ""four-on-the-floor"" was widely used in that era: it originated with the pedal-operated, drum-kit bass drum. Earl Young is seen as the inventor of the disco style of rock drumming (in Harold Melvin & The Blue Notes's ""The Love I Lost"""
"drums, frying pans, tin utensils, graters and ""güiros"" (Pérez I 1988:102)."" The present-day instruments fall into four categories. First are the ""campanas"" (Brea and Millet 1993:181), which are instruments of metal struck with metal beaters. Preferably, brake drums from older model American vehicles (1950s or older) are used. Originally, before brake drums were available, frying pans were used (Pérez I 1988:310, Pérez II 1988:23, etc.) and possibly plow blades as well (Pérez I 1988:106 and 134). The second category is the ""bocuses"" (sing. ""bocú"" alt. pl. ""bocúes""), also called ""fondos"" (""bottoms"").“The ""bokú"" is a single-headed drum, skin nailed to the"
"History of drum and bass Drum and bass (commonly abbreviated to DnB, D&B, Drum n Bass and Drum & Bass) is a type of electronic dance music. This article deals with the history of this musical style. Drum and bass began as a musical paradigm shift of the United Kingdom breakbeat hardcore and rave scene of the mid 1990s; and over the first decade and a half of its existence there have been many permutations in its style, incorporating elements from dancehall, electro, funk, hip hop, house, jazz, pop-created fusion of hardcore, house and techno (with a strong accent of"
"Drummer A drummer is a percussionist who creates music using drums. Most contemporary western bands that play rock, pop, jazz, R&B music include a drummer for purposes including timekeeping and embellishing the musical timbre. The drummer's equipment includes a drum kit (or ""drum set"" or ""trap set"") which includes various drums, cymbals and an assortment of accessory hardware such as pedals, standing support mechanisms, and drum sticks. In other genres, particularly in the traditional music of many countries, drummers use individual drums of various sizes and designs rather than drum kits. Some use only their hands to strike the drums."