"Esparto, California Esparto (formerly Esperanza) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yolo County, California, United States. It is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,108 at the 2010 census. Vaca Valley Railroad officials gave the name Esperanza (""hope"" in Spanish) to their new townsite in 1888, but when the post office was established in 1890 the name had to be changed because there was already an Esperanza in Tulare County. The name Esparto was chosen as the new name, and it means ""feather grass"" (Stipa tenacissima) in Spanish. In 1888 Esparto was laid with track from"
"including cords and ropes. This species grows forming a steppic landscape - esparto grasslands - which covers large parts of Spain and Algeria. Esparto leaves have been used for millennia. The oldest baskets of esparto, dating back 7,000 years, were found in a cave in southern Spain (Cueva de los Murciélagos, Albuñol, Granada). This collection is now in the National Archaeological Museum of Spain. There are many esparto remains in archaeological settlements from as long ago as the Neolithic period, including rugs, ropes, clothes, etc. Iberians used esparto rugs as floor coverings. For Greeks, Phoenicians and Romans, esparto was the"
"best raw material for boat ropes. For centuries, esparto grasslands have been managed by local populations in order to boost the harvest, due to its economic value. In southern Spain there is an ""Esparto culture"": a deep knowledge about the many uses of this fiber forms part of the traditions of these communities. After the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), esparto was declared a ""national fiber""; there was even a National Esparto Service. The opening of markets to other fibers and plastics eventually led to the decline of the esparto industry. Esparto leaves are traditionally harvested with a stick; usually of"
"Eupatorium Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennials growing to tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most are commonly called bonesets, thoroughworts or snakeroots in North America. The genus is named for Mithridates Eupator, king of Pontus. ""Eupatorium"" has at times been held to contain as many as 800 species, but many of these have been moved (at least by some authors) to other genera, including ""Ageratina"", ""Chromolaena"", ""Condylidium"", ""Conoclinium"","
"Espostoa Espostoa is a genus of columnar cacti, comprising 16 species known from the Andes of southern Ecuador and Peru. It usually lives at an altitude of between 800m and 2500m. Its fruit is edible, sweet, and juicy. The genus is named after Nicolas E. Esposto, a renowned botanist from Lima. These candle-like cacti are covered with thorns and white hair. Only the older specimens can divide. In adulthood, a cephalium sometimes appears, similar to the Mexican genus Cephalocereus. They were discovered by Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland in the early nineteenth century. They are appreciated for their decorative"
"are frailejones, that are plants of the genus ""Espeletia"". The lower altitude parts of the páramo are characterised by ""Espeletia barclayana"", ""Espeletia jaramilloi"", ""Espeletia congestiflora"" and ""Espeletia argentea"", while ""Espeletia grandiflora"" is growing in a wider altitude distribution. ""Chusquea tessellata"" is characteristic of the Eastern Ranges. On the Ocetá Páramo, formerly written as Oseta, various species have been described by Thomas van der Hammen; ""Bryum argenteum"", ""Breutelia polygastrica"", ""Calamagrostis effusa"", ""Ceratodon stenocarpus"", ""Didymodon laevigatus"", ""Leptodontium flexifolium"" and ""Sphagnum sancto-josephense"". Other flora occurring on the páramo are ""Pentacalia vernicosa"", ""Ageratina tinifolia"", ""Bidens andicola"", ""Lupinus alopecuroides"", ""Viola sp."", ""Arnica sp."" and various"
"appendages surrounding the actual flowers. There are four male flowers and a single female flower, the latter developing into a lobed, hairy fruit wide. ""E. prostrata"" is similar to both ""Euphorbia maculata"" and ""Euphorbia serpens"", but is often hairy on the leaves and stems, while the latter two species are often smooth. It differs from ""E. maculata"" by its less elongated and less lanceolate leaves. ""E. serpens"" by contrast has much more rounded leaves than ""E. prostrata"" with relatively larger and more conspicuous flowers. The flowers of ""E. prostrata"" do not typically show the white ""petals"" seen in ""E. serpens"""
"erect stem up to about 30 centimeters tall. It usually has a strong skunky scent. The leaves are divided into narrow, sharp-tipped lobes, the ones at the tip of each leaf hooked. The inflorescence is a head filled with leaflike green bracts. The pink or purple flowers are tubular with five-lobed corollas and measure up to 1.5 centimeters long. Navarretia hamata Navarretia hamata is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name hooked pincushionplant. The plant is native to the coastal mountains and valleys of California and Baja California. It is found from the"
"Euphorbia × martini Euphorbia ""×"" martini, Martin’s spurge, is a hybrid between two species of flowering plant, ""E. amygdaloides"" × ""E. characias"" subsp. ""characias"" in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It was found growing wild in southern France. Growing to tall and broad, it is a dwarf evergreen subshrub with narrow grey-green leaves and in late spring and early summer, sprays of lime green flowers, often with a red or maroon eye. It is useful as a spreading, weed-smothering groundcover. Though hardy down to , it is a Mediterranean plant best grown in a sheltered spot in well-drained soil in full"
"Escobaria Escobaria, pincushion cactus or foxtail cactus is a genus of low-growing cacti that range from the southernmost parts of central and western Canada through northern Mexico, with one species in Cuba. The genus comprises about 23 species. The term ""pincushion cactus"" may also refer to the related ""Mammillaria"". The stems of ""Escobaria"" range from globose to cylindrical, and lack nectar-secreting glands; while ribs are absent, tubercles are present, tending to become corky and deciduous as they age. The flowers usually appear in spring and may have a variety of colors, while the fruits are almost always red. The seeds"
"wood or iron, but in ancient times, of bone. The stick is used to pull up a handful of leaves at a time. The esparto is not normally used immediately after harvesting. Instead, the leaves are left to dry in the sun until they turn yellowish. This is the raw esparto, which is used for different basketry techniques. An alternative is to soak the leaves in water for about a month, before drying and then crushing them. This material is known as ""crushed esparto"", which is stronger and easier to weave. The main techniques are: Plaited esparto: people weave a"
"Eupatorieae Eupatorieae is a tribe of over 2000 species of plants in the aster family. Most of the species are native to tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate areas of the Americas, but some are found elsewhere. Well-known members are ""Stevia rebaudiana"" (used as a sugar substitute), a number of medicinal plants (""Eupatorium""), and a variety of late summer to autumn blooming garden flowers, including ""Ageratum"" (flossflower), ""Conoclinium"" (mistflower), and ""Liatris"" (blazing star or gayfeather). Plants in this tribe have only disc florets (no ray florets) and petals which are white, slightly yellowish off-white, pink, or purple (never a full yellow)."
"Euaresta Euaresta is a genus of flies in the family Tephritidae that live in plants of the closely related genera ""Ambrosia"", ""Xanthium"", and ""Dicoria"", and feed on their flowers and seeds. The 15 species of ""Euaresta"" are endemic to the Americas, eight being native to North America and seven to South America. Only one specimen has been collected in Central America (""E. toba"" in El Salvador), and one or two species occur in the Antilles. ""Euaresta bullans"" has been introduced, perhaps accidentally, from South America to California and Arizona, southern Europe, the Middle East, South Africa and Australia, where it"
"regular branches to form a rounded aspect. The smooth and spherical appearance of the species is given by the droop of the branchlets, the similar colour and size of the leaves and flowers, and upcurving of the outward branches. The specific name is derived from the Latin word ""esparto"", referring to a kind of Spanish grass that was used for its fibre. It was first described by Robert Brown, in 1810, having collected the plants on his visit to King George Sound in 1802. One of the species' common names, native cherry, is given to another cogenor with an edible"
"Lygeum Lygeum is a genus of Mediterranean plants in the grass family. It is placed in its own tribe Lygeeae, which is sister to Nardeae. The only known species is Lygeum spartum, commonly called esparto grass or cord grass or albardine, which is distributed in arid areas around the Mediterranean Sea. It is similar to ""Stipa tenacissima"" and both species are used to produce a fiber product known as esparto or esparto grass. ""Lygeum spartum"" is a rhizomatous hermaphroditic, perennial grass growing up to tall. The rhizome and the base of the stem are scaly. The leaves are threadlike but"
"Ageratina Ageratina (snakeroot) is a genus of more than 330 perennials and rounded shrubs in the family Asteraceae. These plants grow mainly in the warmer regions of the Americas and West Indies. Over 150 species are native to Mexico. Some flourish in the cooler areas of the eastern United States. Two Mexican species have become a pest in parts of Australia and Taiwan. ""Ageratina"" used to belong to the genus ""Eupatorium"", but it has been reclassified. The genus name ""Ageratina"" means ""like ""Ageratum"""" and consists of ""Ageratum"" and ""-ina"", the feminine form of the Latin adjectival suffix . The inflorescence"
"It may occasionally be confused with ""Euphorbia serpens"" but the very short and rounded leaves of ""E. serpens"" in combination with the much larger (but still inconspicuous) flowers should remove any potential for confusion. Euphorbia maculata Euphorbia maculata, variously called spotted spurge or prostrate spurge, the latter name not to be confused with ""Euphorbia prostrata"", is a fast-growing annual plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to North America. It is a common garden and lawn weed in the United States. It grows in sunny locations and a variety of soils, and functions as a pioneer species in ecological succession. The"
"and the fruit from a disc floret has a more ""bristle-like contorted pappus"". Barnadesia Barnadesia is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is native to South America, where it is distributed from Colombia to northern Argentina, with most species occurring in the Andes. Common names include clavelillo, chivo caspi, espino de gato, and espino santo. These plants are mainly shrubs and small trees, the largest exceeding four meters in height. The stems are spiny. The flower heads contain pink, red, or purple florets, including 8 to 13 hairy ray florets and usually either one or"
"Empetrum Empetrum is a genus of three species of dwarf evergreen shrubs in the heath family Ericaceae. They are commonly known as crowberries and bear edible fruit. They are commonly found in the northern hemisphere, from temperate to subarctic climates, and also in the Southern Andes of South America and on the South Atlantic islands of South Georgia, the Falklands and Tristan da Cunha. The typical habitat is on moorlands, tundra, muskeg and spruce forests. They are also often found in areas of coastal exposure on the sand dunes and dune slacks. Species of ""Empetrum"" include: ""E. nigrum"" (crowberry or"
"Eupatorium japonicum Eupatorium japonicum, known as fragrant eupatorium in English and 白头婆 bai tou po, in Chinese, is a herbaceous plant species in Asteraceae. It is native to China, Japan and Korea. ""Eupatorium japonicum"" is a herbaceous perennial growing 50–200 cm tall from short rhizomes with many fibrous roots. The stems are upright and marked with purplish red, ending with simple or corymbose, (flat) inflorescence that branch near their ends. The leaves are oppositely arranged on the stems and have short but rather thick petioles that are 1–2 cm long. The leaves midway up the stems are elliptic, narrowly elliptic,"
"Scarlet eggplant The scarlet eggplant is a fruiting plant of the genus ""Solanum"", related to the tomato and eggplant. Its green fruit is known as Gilo (Brazilian Portuguese: Jiló) . It was once treated as a distinct species, ""Solanum gilo"", but it is now known to be a cultivar group of ""Solanum aethiopicum"" (the Ethiopian Eggplant or ""nakati""). Gilo was brought to Brazil from West Africa during the slave trade. It is still grown in West Africa, where it is sometimes called ""garden eggs."" Widely grown in Brazil, it is normally cooked as a vegetable. The fruit turns orange-red when"
"need or a free creation, such as toys for children or animals. Every kind of basket has a special name that describes its use. For example, a ""cesto rosero"" is a basket used traditionally to gather saffron flowers. A special esparto basketry piece is the esparto canteen. Made with crushed esparto and waterproofed with pine pitch, they were used by the shepherds of southeastern Spain to carry water in the mountains. The Archaeological Museum of Cartagena has an example of a Roman esparto canteen two thousand years old. Esparto was also used for making slingshots. In ancient times these were"
"Selected Plant Families recognized the following species: Prospero (plant) Prospero is a genus of bulbous flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae (also treated as the family Hyacinthaceae). It is distributed in Europe, around the Mediterranean, and through the Middle East to the Caucasus. Species of ""Prospero"" grow from bulbs, the leaves and flowers appearing in the autumn and dying down in spring. The leaves are relatively narrow. Each bulb produces one to four flowering stems (scapes) bearing dense racemes of pink to violet flowers. The long tepals are not joined together. The stamens have filaments coloured like the"
"Prospero (plant) Prospero is a genus of bulbous flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae (also treated as the family Hyacinthaceae). It is distributed in Europe, around the Mediterranean, and through the Middle East to the Caucasus. Species of ""Prospero"" grow from bulbs, the leaves and flowers appearing in the autumn and dying down in spring. The leaves are relatively narrow. Each bulb produces one to four flowering stems (scapes) bearing dense racemes of pink to violet flowers. The long tepals are not joined together. The stamens have filaments coloured like the tepals and short purple anthers. The dark"
"Euphorbia spathulata Euphorbia spathulata is a species of spurge known by the common names warty spurge and roughpod spurge. It is native to the Americas, where it is widespread in many habitats. ""Euphorbia spathulata"" is an annual herb not exceeding half a meter in height with oval-shaped leaves one to three centimeters long. The upper stem may be bright to dull red and is hairless. At the tips of the stems are inflorescences of tiny glandular flowers. The fruit is a rounded green capsule a few millimeters wide with obvious bumps on the surface. It contains light brown netted seeds."
"Euphorbia spathulata Euphorbia spathulata is a species of spurge known by the common names warty spurge and roughpod spurge. It is native to the Americas, where it is widespread in many habitats. ""Euphorbia spathulata"" is an annual herb not exceeding half a meter in height with oval-shaped leaves one to three centimeters long. The upper stem may be bright to dull red and is hairless. At the tips of the stems are inflorescences of tiny glandular flowers. The fruit is a rounded green capsule a few millimeters wide with obvious bumps on the surface. It contains light brown netted seeds."
"Stipa Stipa is a genus of around 300 large perennial hermaphroditic grasses collectively known as feather grass, needle grass, and spear grass. They are placed in the subfamily Pooideae and the tribe Stipeae. Many species are important forage crops. Several species such as ""Stipa brachytricha"", ""S. arundinacea"", ""S. splendens"", ""S. calamagrostis"", ""S. gigantea"" and ""S. pulchra"" are used as ornamental plants. One species, esparto grass (""Stipa tenacissima""), is used for crafts and extensively in paper making. Species of the genus ""Stipa"" can occur in grasslands or in savanna habitats. Certain specific prairie plant associations are dominated by grasses of the"
"line for many years after Lehmann had separated ""Encephalartos"" as a separate genus. His concept was originally much broader than the one accepted today, including also the Australian plants we now know as ""Macrozamia"" and ""Lepidozamia"". Encephalartos Encephalartos is a genus of cycad native to Africa. Several species of ""Encephalartos"" are commonly referred to as bread trees, bread palms or kaffir bread, since a bread-like starchy food can be prepared from the centre of the stem. The genus name is derived from the Greek words ""en"" (within), ""kephali"" (head), and ""artos"" (bread), referring to the use of the pith to"
"Aspalathus Aspalathus is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. The yellow flowers and spiny habit of some species have suggested a resemblance to ""Ulex europaeus"", the thorny ""English gorse"" Accordingly, ""Cape Gorse"" has been proposed as a common name although the resemblance is largely superficial; for instance, gorse is thorny, whereas ""Aspalathus"" species are variously spiny or unarmed. The genus belongs to the sub family Faboideae. There are over 270 species, mainly endemic to southwestern fynbos regions in South Africa, with over fifty occurring on the Cape Peninsula alone. The species ""Aspalathus linearis"" is commercially important,"
"Eustoma Eustoma, commonly known as lisianthus or prairie gentian, is a small genus in the gentian family. They are native to warm regions of the southern United States, Mexico, Caribbean and northern South America. This genus is typically found in grasslands and in areas of disturbed ground. They are herbaceous annuals, growing to 15–60 cm tall, with bluish green, slightly succulent leaves and large funnel-shaped flowers growing on long straight stems: sometimes erect single stems, other times growing on branching stems that can rise to be three feet tall. The flowers can grow up to two inches across and can"
"and about 3.5 mm long, and are covered with yellow glands. The 5 mm long pappus are white. This species blooms and fruits from June to November. King and Robinson, in a 1987 paper, considered ""E. japonicum"" to be part of a more broadly defined ""E. chinense"". There are two varieties of ""Eupatorium japonicum"": ""Eupatorium japonicum"" contains tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Eupatorium japonicum Eupatorium japonicum, known as fragrant eupatorium in English and 白头婆 bai tou po, in Chinese, is a herbaceous plant species in Asteraceae. It is native to China, Japan and Korea. ""Eupatorium japonicum"" is a herbaceous perennial growing 50–200"
"it can be found elsewhere, including the United States, Australia, and New Zealand as an introduced species. It is grown as a leaf vegetable known as erba stella, mostly incorporated in salad mixes for specialty markets. Recently it has become popular as a frost-hardy winter crop for farmers in northern climates, and is usually grown in unheated hightunnels. Plantago coronopus Plantago coronopus (known as buck's-horn plantain, minutina or erba stella) is a herbaceous annual to perennial flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. ""Plantago coronopus"" produces a basal rosette of narrowly lance-shaped leaves up to 25 centimeters long that are toothed"
"Aegopodium Aegopodium is a plant genus of the carrot family Apiaceae native to Europe and western Asia. It is represented by about seven species, all are perennial herbs. Flowers are compounded, umbels appearing in spring-summer and are visited by many types of insect pollinators. Fruit consists of two-winged or ribbed nuts that separate on ripening. The most well-known member is the ""Aegopodium podagraria"", the ground elder also known as snow-on-the-mountain, Bishop's weed, goutweed, native to Europe and Asia. It is variegated green and white that sometimes reverts to solid green within a patch. Small, white, five-petal flowers are held about"