"Anish Kapoor and Cecil Balmond of engineering Group Arup. Announced on 31 March 2010, it was expected to be completed by December 2011. The project came about after Mayor of London Boris Johnson and Olympics Minister Tessa Jowell decided in 2008 that the Olympic Park needed ""something extra"". Designers were asked for ideas for an ""Olympic tower"" at least high, and ""Orbit"" was the unanimous choice from proposals considered by a nine-person advisory panel. Kapoor and Balmond believed that ""Orbit"" represented a radical advance in the architectural field of combining sculpture and structural engineering, and that it combined both stability"
"ArcelorMittal Orbit The ArcelorMittal ""Orbit (often referred to as the Orbit Tower or its original name, Orbit"") is a 114.5-metre-high sculpture and observation tower in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London. It is Britain's largest piece of public art, and is intended to be a permanent lasting legacy of London's hosting of the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games, assisting in the post-Olympics regeneration of the Stratford area. Sited between the Olympic Stadium and the Aquatics Centre, it allows visitors to view the whole Olympic Park from two observation platforms. ""Orbit"" was designed by Turner-Prize winning artist Sir"
"Balmond's ""Orbit"" was announced as the winner on 31 March 2010. According to ""The Guardian"", Orbit was chosen from a short list of three, beating a design by Antony Gormley and one by the architectural firm Caruso St John. According to ""The Times"", Gormley's design was a steel colossus titled ""Olympian Man"", a trademark piece of a statue of himself, rejected mainly on the grounds of its projected cost, estimated at £40 million. Johnson and Jowell agreed to issue a commission for ""Orbit"" in partnership with Mittal after it was chosen by a 9 person advisory panel brought together by"
"sponsor, with ""Orbit"", the original working title for Kapoor and Balmond's design. The ArcelorMittal ""Orbit"" closed after the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, while the South Plaza area of the Park (in which ""Orbit"" is positioned) underwent reconstruction for its long-term legacy use as a public outdoor space. It re-opened to the public on 5 April 2014. The structure incorporates the world's tallest and longest (178 metres) tunnel slide, designed by Carsten Höller. The idea was originally envisioned by the London Legacy Development Corporation as a way to attract more visitors to the tower. The slide includes transparent sections to"
"fitting monument for the 2012 Olympics, billed as a 'world's first sustainable Olympics'. Despite this criticism, it has been included in the new 2015 design of the British passport. The advisory panel consisted of: In announcing the winning design, Johnson thanked the Greater London Authority, the Olympic Delivery Authority and the London Organising Committee of the Olympic Games and Paralympic Games, as well as David McAlpine and Philip Dilley of Arup, and Sir Robin Wales and Jules Pipe for their involvement and support in the project. ArcelorMittal Orbit The ArcelorMittal ""Orbit (often referred to as the Orbit Tower or its"
"structure"". Kapoor and Balmond stated that their interests have blurred and crossed over into each other's fields, since they had first begun working together in 2002 on Kapoor's ""Marsyas"" installation in the Turbine Hall of the Tate Modern. As well as ""Orbit"", in 2010 Kapoor and Balmond were also working on the Tees Valley Giants, a public art project in northern England. The sculpture was engineered by the Global engineer Arup who developed the overall geometry, structural design and the building services including the lighting displayed extensively during the Olympic games. Architectural input was by Ushida Findlay Architects(Kathryn Findlay) as"
"""the Bean"") in Chicago's Millennium Park; ""Sky Mirror"", exhibited at the Rockefeller Center in New York City in 2006 and Kensington Gardens in London in 2010; ""Temenos"", at Middlehaven, Middlesbrough; ""Leviathan"", at the Grand Palais in Paris in 2011; and ""ArcelorMittal Orbit"", commissioned as a permanent artwork for London's Olympic Park and completed in 2012. In 2017 Kapoor designed the statuette for the 2018 Brit Awards. Kapoor received a knighthood in the 2013 Birthday Honours for services to visual arts. He was awarded an honorary doctorate degree from the University of Oxford in 2014. In 2012, he was awarded the"
"scale. In 2010, ""Turning the World Upside Down, Jerusalem"" was commissioned and installed at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. The sculpture is described as a ""16-foot tall polished-steel hourglass"" and it ""reflects and reverses the Jerusalem sky and the museum's landscape, a likely reference to the city's duality of celestial and earthly, holy and profane"". Also in June, Kapoor's ""Orbit"" was announced as the winning proposal for an artwork for the 2012 Olympic Games. The Greater London Authority selected Kapoor's sculpture from a shortlist of five artists as the permanent artwork for the Olympic Park. At 115 metres tall, ""Orbit"""
"the Olympics 2012. In 2003, the composition ""Lamentate"" (""Homage to Anish Kapoor and his sculpture ""Marsyas"""") for piano and orchestra by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt was premiered in the Tate Modern Turbine Hall. Marsyas (sculpture) Marsyas is a 150-meter-long, ten storey high sculpture designed by Anish Kapoor and Cecil Balmond. It was on show at Tate Modern gallery, London in 2003 and was commissioned as part of the Unilever Series. ""Marsyas"" was the third in a series of commissions for Tate Modern’s Turbine Hall and the first to make use of the entire space. Anish Kapoor is renowned for his"
"role of leaving a lasting legacy and transformed landscape in east London. During the opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Paralympics, Joe Townsend (a Royal Marine and double amputee) delivered the Paralympic flame into Olympic Stadium via a zipline that was attached to the top of ""Orbit"". In 2016 a permanent slide designed by German artist Carsten Höller was added to the sculpture. The slide is reported to be the world's tallest and longest tunnel slide at 178 metres. Though it was originally reported that admission to the slide would cost around £5, the general adult price for entry to"
"and instability in a work that visitors can engage with and experience via an incorporated spiral walkway. It has been both praised and criticised for its bold design, and has especially received criticism as a vanity project of questionable lasting use or merit as a public art project. The project was expected to cost £19.1 million, with £16 million coming from Britain's then richest man, the steel tycoon Lakshmi Mittal, Chairman of the ArcelorMittal steel company, and the balance of £3.1 million coming from the London Development Agency. The name ""ArcelorMittal Orbit"" combines the name of Mittal's company, as chief"
"of violist Lionel Tertis, on permanent display at the Royal Academy of Music; a marble torso placed within London's Law Courts; and a bird sculpture on permanent show in Lake Farm Country Park in Hayes, west London. Ben Dearnley Ben Dearnley (born 1964) is an English sculptor. He was born in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. In 1997 Dearnley began his training in carving stone with sculptor Les Sandham. Dearnley was selected as an Official Olympic Artist for London's 2012 Olympics, and is best known for his 'Avenue of Champions' series, a collaboration with some of Britain’s finest Olympic and Paralympics athletes"
"After the March 2010 confirmation of Orbit as the winning design, construction began in November 2010 and it reached its full height in November 2011. Steel is the primary material used in the sculpture. According to Balmond, there was no other feasible alternative, as steel was the only material that could give the minimum thickness and maximum strength represented in the coiling structure. It was built from approximately 2000 tons of steel, produced as much as possible from ArcelorMittal plants, with the exact sourcing being determined by the grades of steel required and the technical requirements of the project. 60%"
"refers to Marsyas, the satyr in Greek mythology, who was flayed alive by the god Apollo. ""The Guardian"" called it “the biggest sculpture at Tate Modern and probably the biggest in any art gallery in the world.” Kapoor and Balmond have collaborated on other art projects. They jointly designed ""Temenos"", ‘a gently twisted tube on a vast butterfly net’ which appeared in June, located in the UK’s Teesside. It is the first of five giant sculpture which will form in the biggest public art work in the world. Balmond and Kapoor have also designed ArcelorMittal Orbit which will open for"
"Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, in London, England, United Kingdom, is a sporting complex built for the 2012 Summer Olympics and the Paralympics, situated to the east of the city adjacent to the Stratford City development. It contains the athletes' Olympic Village and several of the sporting venues including the London Stadium and London Aquatics Centre, besides the London Olympics Media Centre. The park is overlooked by the ArcelorMittal Orbit, an observation tower and Britain's largest piece of public art. It was simply called Olympic Park during the Games but was later renamed to commemorate the Diamond"
"Anish Kapoor Sir Anish Mikhail Kapoor, (born 12 March 1954) is a British sculptor. Born in Bombay, Kapoor has lived and worked in London since the early 1970s when he moved to study art, first at the Hornsey College of Art and later at the Chelsea School of Art and Design. Kapoor represented Britain at the XLIV Venice Biennale in 1990, when he was awarded the Premio Duemila Prize. In 1991, he received the Turner Prize and in 2002 received the Unilever Commission for the Turbine Hall at Tate Modern. His notable public sculptures include ""Cloud Gate"" (colloquially known as"
"who ""liberated architectural geometry, giving it a whole new expressive identity"". Her major works include the aquatic centre for the London 2012 Olympics, Michigan State University's Broad Art Museum in the US, the Guangzhou Opera House in China, and the Beijing Daxing International Airport, also in China. Some of her awards have been presented posthumously, including the statuette for the 2017 Brit Awards. Several of her buildings were still under construction at the time of her death, including the Daxing airport and the Al Wakrah Stadium in Qatar, a venue for the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Zaha Hadid was born"
"Ben Dearnley Ben Dearnley (born 1964) is an English sculptor. He was born in Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. In 1997 Dearnley began his training in carving stone with sculptor Les Sandham. Dearnley was selected as an Official Olympic Artist for London's 2012 Olympics, and is best known for his 'Avenue of Champions' series, a collaboration with some of Britain’s finest Olympic and Paralympics athletes to commemorate the 2012 Games. Athletes depicted in the series include: Mark Foster, Ade Adepitan, Debbie Flood, Alex O'Connell, Christine Ohuruogu, Lee Pearson, Louis Smith, Leon Taylor and Steve Williams. Dearnley's other works include: a bronze portrait"
"opened in April 2014. The ambition is that the sculpture, as well as being a focal point for the Olympic Park during the Games, will form part of the wider Stratford regeneration plans, which aim to turn the Olympic site into a permanent tourist destination after the Games. Tessa Jowell said ""Orbit"" will be ""like to honey to bees for the millions of tourists that visit London each year"". Boris Johnson predicted it would become ""the perfect iconic cultural legacy"". According to Lord Coe, chairman of the London 2012 Olympic organisers, it would play a central part in the Game's"
"Jason deCaires Taylor Jason deCaires Taylor (born 12 August 1974 in Dover) is a British sculptor and creator of the world's first underwater sculpture park – the Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park – and underwater museum. He is best known for installing site-specific underwater sculptures which develop into artificial coral reefs integrating his skills as a sculptor, marine conservationist, underwater photographer and scuba diving instructor. His works in Grenada have been listed among the Top 25 Wonders of the World by National Geographic. His most ambitious projects to date are the creation of the world's largest underwater sculpture museum, the Cancún"
"said that his early concept for the project was something more modest than ""Orbit"", along the lines of ""a kind of 21st-century Trajan's Column"", but this was dropped when more daring ideas were received. The media reported unconfirmed details of the project in October 2009, describing the interest of the steel magnate Lakshmi Mittal, one of Britain's richest men, in funding a project that would cost around £15 million. Boris Johnson was believed to want something like the Eiffel Tower or the Statue of Liberty. At that time there were understood to be five short-listed artists, including Antony Gormley, being"
"Stephen Kettle Stephen Kettle (born 12 July 1966, in Castle Bromwich, Warwickshire, England) is a British sculptor who works exclusively with slate. Kettle is a self-taught sculptor with no formal training. His best known works include Supermarine Spitfire designer R. J. Mitchell, commissioned for the Science Museum in London, which was the first statue of its type in the world, and a life size statue of Alan Turing, the founder of computer science and Enigma codebreaker, commissioned by the American philanthropist Sidney E Frank for Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire. Kettle lives with his wife and three children in west London."
"Stephen Kettle Stephen Kettle (born 12 July 1966, in Castle Bromwich, Warwickshire, England) is a British sculptor who works exclusively with slate. Kettle is a self-taught sculptor with no formal training. His best known works include Supermarine Spitfire designer R. J. Mitchell, commissioned for the Science Museum in London, which was the first statue of its type in the world, and a life size statue of Alan Turing, the founder of computer science and Enigma codebreaker, commissioned by the American philanthropist Sidney E Frank for Bletchley Park in Buckinghamshire. Kettle lives with his wife and three children in west London."
"Giuseppe Moretti Giuseppe Moretti (3 February 1857 – February 1935) was an Italian émigré sculptor who became known in the United States for his public monuments in bronze and marble. Notable among his works is ""Vulcan"" in Birmingham, Alabama, which is the largest cast iron statue in the world. On a personal level, Moretti was ""known for his eclectic personality and for always wearing a green tie,"" but professionally, is claimed to be ""the first man to use aluminum in art."" Moretti enjoyed some celebrity in his lifetime, and was a friend of famed Italian tenor Enrico Caruso. It is"
"Nicholas Serota, a member of the design panel, said that ""Orbit"" was a tower with an interesting twist, with ""the energy you might traditionally associate with this type of structure but in a surprisingly female form"". According to Mittal, ""Orbit"" was already the working title, as it symbolised a continuous journey, a creative representation of the ""extraordinary physical and emotional effort"" that Olympians undertake in their continuous drive to do better. It was decided to keep this as the final name and prepend ArcelorMittal (as the project supporter). On the public announcement of the design Johnson conceded that it might"
"cone and came up with a design for a cone built out of 117 individually shaped steel panels with a total surface area of 586 square metres. The entire cone weighs 84 tonnes. Early contradictory reports suggested the tower would be tall. However, it finally measured in at making it the UK's tallest sculpture surpassing ""Aspire"" (at 60m). The Greater London Authority on announcing the project described ""Orbit""s height in comparison with the Statue of Liberty, stating that it would be taller – the Statue of Liberty is high, including the statue and its pedestal. While the media picked up"
"of the steel used for the sculpture was made of recycled steel in the Esch Belval steel plant in Luxembourg. On 14 March 2011, with construction already underway on the main pylon, ""The One Show"" broadcast footage of the on-site status of project, and profiled the four-man team putting it together, comprising two steel erectors, a crane operator and a site foreman. As an observation tower, ""Orbit"" has two indoor viewing platforms on two levels, with each level having the capacity for 150 people. In comparison to Orbit's 114.5 metre height, the nearby Olympic Stadium is high. According to the"
"by Greenpeace for awareness of Global Warming ahead of the 2010 United Nations Climate Conference in Cancún. Taylor's website includes images of many of his works. The most notable include: Jason deCaires Taylor Jason deCaires Taylor (born 12 August 1974 in Dover) is a British sculptor and creator of the world's first underwater sculpture park – the Molinere Underwater Sculpture Park – and underwater museum. He is best known for installing site-specific underwater sculptures which develop into artificial coral reefs integrating his skills as a sculptor, marine conservationist, underwater photographer and scuba diving instructor. His works in Grenada have been"
"Alan Turing statue The Alan Turing statue, created in slate by Stephen Kettle in 2007, is located at Bletchley Park in England as part of an exhibition on Alan Turing. It was commissioned by the American businessman and philanthropist Sidney Frank (1919–2006). The slate for the sculpture was selected from North Wales because the sculptor learned that Turing used to holiday there as a child and adult. The slate originated from Llechwedd, near Blaenau Ffestiniog. Turing is depicted seated and looking at a German Enigma machine. He is dressed in a jacket, but there is some deliberate untidiness in his"
"the 2010 Winter Olympics and Paralympics. It was installed at the Cordova Street median at Thurlow in 2014, after being stored at the city works yard for four years. The bronze sculpture is tall. A version of the statue was installed in the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, London in 2012. It is made of bronze. Nike (Kougioumtzis) Nike is an abstract sculpture depicting Nike, the Greek goddess of victory, designed by Greek artist Pavlos Angelos Kougioumtzis. Versions of the statue have been donated to every host city of the Olympics since 1996. A bronze, tall version of the sculpture was installed"
"""The Guardian"" opposing Scottish independence in the run-up to September's referendum on that issue. Maggi Hambling Maggi Hambling (born 23 October 1945) is a British painter and sculptor. Perhaps her best-known public works are the sculptures ""A Conversation with Oscar Wilde"" in London and ""Scallop"", a 4-metre-high steel piece on Aldeburgh beach dedicated to Benjamin Britten. Both works have attracted a great degree of controversy. Maggi Hambling was born in Sudbury, Suffolk She had two siblings, a sister, Ann, who was 11 years older, and a brother, Roger, nine years older than Hambling. Her brother had wanted a brother but"
"Tony Heaton Anthony James Heaton OBE (born 11 October 1954) is a British sculptor, disability rights activist and arts administrator, who was awarded an OBE in 2013 for services to the arts and the disability arts movement. He was CEO of the arts charity Shape until March 2017. In 2012, he won the competition to produce an installation celebrating Channel 4's involvement in the London 2012 Paralympic Games. This produced his 'Monument for the Unintended Performer'. Heaton was born in Preston, Lancashire, in 1954, the son of a coppersmith. When, at the age of 16, a motor bike accident left"
"48-story light sculpture became the icon for the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games, and his Malta ""Millennium"" sculpture, commissioned by the government of Malta, ushered in 2000. Other important projects include ""Light Muse"", the transformation of the Tribune Tower into a light sculpture to celebrate the ""Chicago Tribune""s sesquicentennial in 1997, and ""Lightscape '89"", a display projected on the IBM Building in Chicago in honor of the company's 75th anniversary. In North America, Mooney's commissions include ""Crystara"", a 30-foot-long Waterford Crystal and aluminum suspended sculpture created for the John Crerar Library at the University of Chicago; the ""Miami Wave"", a 57,000"