"said to have first risen from the mound, as the general sun-god Ra or as the god Khepri, who represented the newly-risen sun. There were many versions of the sun's emergence, and it was said to have emerged directly from the mound or from a lotus flower that grew from the mound, in the form of a heron, falcon, scarab beetle, or human child. Another common element of Egyptian cosmogonies is the familiar figure of the cosmic egg, a substitute for the primeval waters or the primeval mound. One variant of the cosmic egg version teaches that the sun god,"
"identity was often combined with other gods, forming an interconnection between deities. Ra Ra (; or ""rˤ;"" also transliterated ""rˤw;"" cuneiform: ""ri-a"" or ""ri-ia"") or Re (; , ""Rē"") is the ancient Egyptian deity of the sun. By the Fifth Dynasty in the 25th and 24th centuries BC, he had become one of the most important gods in ancient Egyptian religion, identified primarily with the noon sun. In later Egyptian dynastic times, Ra was merged with the major god Horus into Ra-Horakhty (""Ra, who is Horus of the Two Horizons""). He was believed to rule in all parts of the"
"Ra Ra (; or ""rˤ;"" also transliterated ""rˤw;"" cuneiform: ""ri-a"" or ""ri-ia"") or Re (; , ""Rē"") is the ancient Egyptian deity of the sun. By the Fifth Dynasty in the 25th and 24th centuries BC, he had become one of the most important gods in ancient Egyptian religion, identified primarily with the noon sun. In later Egyptian dynastic times, Ra was merged with the major god Horus into Ra-Horakhty (""Ra, who is Horus of the Two Horizons""). He was believed to rule in all parts of the created world: the sky, the Earth, and the underworld. He was synonymous"
"Helios Helios (; ""Hēlios""; Latinized as ""Helius""; in Homeric Greek) is the god and personification of the Sun in Greek mythology. He is the son of the Titan Hyperion and the Titaness Theia (according to Hesiod), also known as Euryphaessa (in ""Homeric Hymn 31"") and brother of the goddesses Selene, the moon, and Eos, the dawn. Helios was described as a handsome young man crowned with the shining aureole of the Sun, who drove the chariot of the sun across the sky each day to earth-circling Oceanus and through the world-ocean returned to the East at night. In the ""Homeric"
"in Egypt, there was a religion that worshipped the sun directly, and was among the first monotheistic religions: Atenism. Sun worship was prevalent in ancient Egyptian religion. The earliest deities associated with the sun are all goddesses: Wadjet, Sekhmet, Hathor, Nut, Bast, Bat, and Menhit. First Hathor, and then Isis, give birth to and nurse Horus and Ra. Hathor the horned-cow is one of the 12 daughters of Ra, gifted with joy and is a wet-nurse to Horus. From at least the 4th Dynasty of ancient Egypt, the sun was worshipped as the deity Re (pronounced probably as Riya, meaning"
"Khepri Khepri (Egyptian: ""ḫprj,"" also transliterated Khepera, Kheper, Khepra, Chepri) is a god in ancient Egyptian religion who represents the rising or morning sun. By extension, he can also represent creation and the renewal of life. Khepri ""ḫprj"" is derived from Egyptian language verb ""ḫpr,"" meaning ""develop"", ""come into being"", or ""create"". The god was connected with the scarab beetle (""ḫprr"" in Egyptian), because the scarab rolls balls of dung across the ground, an act that the Egyptians saw as a symbol of the forces that move the sun across the sky. Khepri was thus a solar deity. Young dung"
"Aten Aten (also Aton, ) is the disk of the sun in ancient Egyptian mythology, and originally an aspect of the god Ra. The deified Aten is the focus of the monotheistic religion of Atenism established by Amenhotep IV, who later took the name Akhenaten (died ca. 1335 BCE) in worship and recognition of Aten. In his poem ""Great Hymn to the Aten"", Akhenaten praises Aten as the creator, giver of life, and nurturing spirit of the world. Aten does not have a Creation Myth or family but is mentioned in the Book of the Dead. The worship of Aten"
"are viewed in person, rather than merely in photographs. Egyptologists have vocalized the word variously as Aten, Aton, Atonu, and Itn. Aten Aten (also Aton, ) is the disk of the sun in ancient Egyptian mythology, and originally an aspect of the god Ra. The deified Aten is the focus of the monotheistic religion of Atenism established by Amenhotep IV, who later took the name Akhenaten (died ca. 1335 BCE) in worship and recognition of Aten. In his poem ""Great Hymn to the Aten"", Akhenaten praises Aten as the creator, giver of life, and nurturing spirit of the world. Aten"
"Atet The Atet () was the solar barge of the sun god Ra in the mythology of the ancient Egyptians. It was also known as the Mandjet (), the Boat of Millions of Years (), and, during the night, as the Mesektet (). Ra — variously conflated with other solar gods such as Amun and Hathor — was said to travel through the sky on the barge, providing light to the world. Each twelfth of his journey formed one of the twelve Egyptian hours of the day, each overseen by a protective deity. Ra then rode the Atet through the"
"sun god; without the Atenist period, it would barely have figured in Egyptian history. Although there are indications that it was becoming slightly more important during the eighteenth dynasty, notably Amenhotep III's naming of his royal barge as ""Spirit of the Aten"", it was Amenhotep IV who introduced the Atenist revolution in a series of steps culminating in the official installment of the Aten as Egypt's sole god. Although each line of kings prior to the reign of Akhenaten had previously adopted one deity as the royal patron and supreme state god, there had never been an attempt to exclude"
"was said to dwell in the sky with Ra and other gods who personified the sun. Egyptians thought of the sky as a body of water through which the sun god sailed, and they connected it with the waters from which, according to their creation myths, the sun emerged at the beginning of time. This cosmic mother goddess was often represented as a cow. Hathor and Mehet-Weret were both thought of as the cow who gave birth to the sun god and placed him between her horns. Like another celestial goddess, Nut, Hathor was also said to give birth to"
"Mehet-Weret Mehet-Weret () is an ancient Egyptian deity of the sky in ancient Egyptian religion. Her name means ""Great Flood"". She was mentioned in the Pyramid Texts. In ancient Egyptian creation myths, she gives birth to the sun at the beginning of time, and in art she is portrayed as a cow with a sun disk between her horns. She is associated with the goddesses Neith, Hathor, and Isis, all of whom have similar characteristics, and like them she could be called the ""Eye of Ra"". Mehet-Weret is primarily known as being the “Celestial Cow” or “Cow Goddess” because of"
"Koyash Koyash (Turkish: ""Kuyaş"") is the god of sun in Turkish mythology. Gök Tanrı created the earth with rays of sun light, thus, Koyash took part in the creation of earth. Solar rays are also considered to be ""strings"" between the sun and the spirits of plants, animals and humans. Turks who worship Koyash turn towards the sunrise when praying. Koyash is the son of Gok Tengri """"Sky God"""" (Tenger means sky in Mongolian) and the Earth Goddess. The power and vital force of the Sun God, making it a priority to bow to him each morning as he rises."
"of the sea. He can take the form of all animals of the zodiac. Some lists, cited by Hyginus, of the names of horses that pulled Helios' chariot, are as follows. Helios Helios (; ""Hēlios""; Latinized as ""Helius""; in Homeric Greek) is the god and personification of the Sun in Greek mythology. He is the son of the Titan Hyperion and the Titaness Theia (according to Hesiod), also known as Euryphaessa (in ""Homeric Hymn 31"") and brother of the goddesses Selene, the moon, and Eos, the dawn. Helios was described as a handsome young man crowned with the shining aureole"
"mummified, and thus became the god of the underworld. The Greeks melded Osiris with their underworldly Hades to produce the essentially Alexandrian syncretism known as Serapis. Among the Egyptians, the full-grown Horus was considered the victorious god of the sun who each day overcomes darkness. He is often represented with the head of a Eurasian sparrowhawk, which was sacred to him, as the hawk flies high above the Earth. Horus fought battles against Set, until he finally achieved victory and became the ruler of Egypt. Thereafter, the pharaohs of Egypt were seen as reincarnations of the victorious Horus. Steles depicting"
"her beer mixed with red dye, which she drank in mistake for blood. To the Egyptians, the sun represented light, warmth, and growth. This made the sun deity very important, as the sun was seen as the ruler of all that he created. The sun disk was either seen as the body or eye of Ra. Ra was the father of Shu and Tefnut, whom he created by his own power. Shu was the god of the wind, and Tefnut was the goddess of the rain. Sekhmet was the Eye of Ra and was created by the fire in Ra's"
"of the Sun disc Aten, the Sun had a brief resurgence during the Amarna Period when it again became the preeminent, if not only, divinity for the Pharaoh Akhenaton. In Proto-Indo-European religion, the Sun was personified as the goddess ""*Sehul"". Derivatives of this goddess in Indo-European languages include the Old Norse ""Sól"", Sanskrit ""Surya"", Gaulish ""Sulis"", Lithuanian ""Saulė"", and Slavic ""Solntse"". In ancient Greek religion, the sun deity was the male god Helios, but traces of an earlier female solar deity are preserved in Helen of Troy. In later times, Helios was syncretized with Apollo. In the Bible, mentions the"
"and funerary papyri he is represented as a human male with a scarab as a head. He is also depicted as a scarab in a solar barque held aloft by Nun. The scarab amulets that the Egyptians used as jewelry and as seals represent Khepri. Khepri Khepri (Egyptian: ""ḫprj,"" also transliterated Khepera, Kheper, Khepra, Chepri) is a god in ancient Egyptian religion who represents the rising or morning sun. By extension, he can also represent creation and the renewal of life. Khepri ""ḫprj"" is derived from Egyptian language verb ""ḫpr,"" meaning ""develop"", ""come into being"", or ""create"". The god was"
"and defender as the sun god does he sometimes receive a lion's head. He carries an ankh, the symbol of life. Shu (Egyptian god) Shu (Egyptian for ""emptiness"" and ""he who rises up"") was one of the primordial Egyptian gods, a personification of dry air, spouse and counterpart to goddess Tefnut and one of the nine deities of the Ennead of the Heliopolis cosmogony. In Heliopolitan theology, Atum created the first couple of the Ennead, Shu and Tefnut by masturbating or by spitting. Shu was the father of Nut and Geb and grandfather of Osiris, Isis, Set, and Nephthys. His"
"Ennead The Ennead or Great Ennead was a group of nine deities in Egyptian mythology worshiped at Heliopolis: the sun god Atum; his children Shu and Tefnut; their children Geb and Nut; and their children Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys. The Ennead sometimes includes the son of Osiris and Isis, Horus. It rose to importance in Dynasties V and VI and remained prominent in Egypt into its occupation by the Macedonian Ptolemaic dynasty established by Alexander the Great's successor in the area, Ptolemy I. The Great Ennead was only one of several such groupings of nine deities in ancient Egypt"
"period and various locations throughout ancient Egypt. Matet boat In Egyptian mythology the Matet Boat was the first of two boats traveled in by Ra, the sun god as he traveled the sky daily with the sun on his head. During the period between dawn and noon, Ra occupies the Matet (growing stronger) boat. During the period between noon and dusk Ra travels in the Sektet (growing weaker) boat. Ra travels the underworld during the night where he encounters and battles many foes. Matet and Sektet seem to have many different spellings and Ra himself is often mixed with another"
"Harpocrates Harpocrates () was the god of silence, secrets and confidentiality in the Hellenistic religion developed in Ptolemaic Alexandria (and also an embodiment of hope, according to Plutarch). Harpocrates was adapted by the Greeks from the Egyptian child god Horus, who represented the newborn sun, rising each day at dawn. Harpocrates's name was a Hellenization of the Egyptian ""Har-pa-khered"" or ""Heru-pa-khered"", meaning ""Horus the Child"". In Egyptian mythology, Horus was the child of Isis and Osiris. Osiris was the original divine pharaoh of Egypt, who had been murdered by his brother Set (by ""interpretatio graeca"", identified with Typhon or Chaos),"
"Iabet Iabet (Iabtet, Iab, Abet, Abtet, Ab) is a goddess in Egyptian mythology, counterpart of Imentet. She is a cleanser of the Sun god Ra, and goddess of the east. Her main husband is the fertility god Min. She was worshiped in Panopolis, with her husband. In the ""Amduat"", Iabet is depicted as a woman with her arms by her sides, under the name of Iab. Along with eleven other goddesses, including Isis and her grandmother Tefnut, the group was known as """"Those who give praises to Ra as he passes over Wernes"""". One princess – Nefertiabet – is named"
"the sun god each dawn. Hathor's name, ""ḥwt-ḥrw"" or ""ḥwt-ḥr"", may allude to this aspect of her character. The name is typically translated ""house of Horus"", referring to the falcon god Horus who, among other things, represented the sky or the sun, although it can also be rendered as ""my house is the sky"". The ""house"" may be the sky in which Horus lives or the goddess's womb, from which he, as a sun god, is born each day. Hathor was herself a solar deity, a feminine counterpart to sun gods like Horus and Ra, and she was a member"
"the sun resemble those of the Bennu bird, although Egyptian sources do not mention the bird's death. Bennu The Bennu is an ancient Egyptian deity linked with the sun, creation, and rebirth. It may have been the inspiration for the phoenix in Greek mythology. According to Egyptian mythology, the Bennu was a self-created being said to have played a role in the creation of the world. It was said to be the ""ba"" of Ra and enabled the creative actions of Atum. It was said to have flown over the waters of Nun that existed before creation, landing on a"
"are the Memphite Tradition and Hermopolitian/Ogdoad. Ennead The Ennead or Great Ennead was a group of nine deities in Egyptian mythology worshiped at Heliopolis: the sun god Atum; his children Shu and Tefnut; their children Geb and Nut; and their children Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys. The Ennead sometimes includes the son of Osiris and Isis, Horus. It rose to importance in Dynasties V and VI and remained prominent in Egypt into its occupation by the Macedonian Ptolemaic dynasty established by Alexander the Great's successor in the area, Ptolemy I. The Great Ennead was only one of several such groupings"
"as bright as the sun was explained by a tale, known as ""The Contendings of Horus and Seth"". In this tale, it was said that Set, the patron of Upper Egypt, and Horus, the patron of Lower Egypt, had battled for Egypt brutally, with neither side victorious, until eventually the gods sided with Horus. As Horus was the ultimate victor he became known as ""ḥr.w wr"" ""Horus the Great"", but more usually translated ""Horus the Elder"". In the struggle, Set had lost a testicle, and Horus's eye was gouged out. Horus represented the eclipsing binary Algol in the Calendar of"
"Sol (mythology) Sol is the personification of the Sun and a god in ancient Roman religion. It was long thought that Rome actually had two different, consecutive sun gods. The first, Sol Indiges, was thought to have been unimportant, disappearing altogether at an early period. Only in the late Roman Empire, scholars argued, did solar cult re-appear with the arrival in Rome of the Syrian Sol Invictus, perhaps under the influence of the Mithraic mysteries. Recent publications have challenged the notion of two different sun gods in Rome, pointing to the abundant evidence for the continuity of the cult of"
"Sekhmet In Egyptian mythology, Sekhmet ( or Sachmis (), also spelled Sakhmet, Sekhet, or Sakhet, among other spellings, is a warrior goddess as well as goddess of healing. She is depicted as a lioness, the fiercest hunter known to the Egyptians. It was said that her breath formed the desert. She was seen as the protector of the pharaohs and led them in warfare. Sekhmet is also a solar deity, sometimes called the daughter of Ra and often associated with the goddesses Hathor and Bastet. She bears the Uraeus, which associates her with Wadjet and royalty, and the solar disk."
"after this goddess. Her father was Pharaoh Khufu. Iabet Iabet (Iabtet, Iab, Abet, Abtet, Ab) is a goddess in Egyptian mythology, counterpart of Imentet. She is a cleanser of the Sun god Ra, and goddess of the east. Her main husband is the fertility god Min. She was worshiped in Panopolis, with her husband. In the ""Amduat"", Iabet is depicted as a woman with her arms by her sides, under the name of Iab. Along with eleven other goddesses, including Isis and her grandmother Tefnut, the group was known as """"Those who give praises to Ra as he passes over"
"earliest-known monotheistic head of state, Akhenaten changed the polytheistic religion of Egypt to a monotheistic one, Atenism of the solar-disk and is the first recorded state monotheism. All other deities were replaced by the Aten, including Amun-Ra, the reigning sun god of Akhenaten's own region. Unlike other deities, the Aten did not have multiple forms. His only image was a disk—a symbol of the sun. Soon after Akhenaten's death, worship of the traditional deities was reestablished by the religious leaders (Ay the High-Priest of Amen-Ra, mentor of Tutankhaten/Tutankhamen) who had adopted the Aten during the reign of Akhenaten. In Aztec"
"the sun god Malakbel. ""Baalshamin"" and ""Ba'al Šamem"" are the most frequently used terms, as a Phoenician god, respectively. Other variations which are seen less frequently in modern sources include: Ba'al Shamin, Ba'al Samin, Ba'al-Shamem, Ba'al Shamim, Baal Shamem, Ba'alsamem, Baal Shamin, Baal-Samin, Beelsamen, Ba'alsamin, Baal-Samen, Baal-Shamen, Baalsamin, Baalsamen, Baal-shamim, Ba'alshamin, Baal-Samim, Baal-Samem, Baalsamem, Baalsamim, Baalshamem, Beelsamin, Beel-Samen, Beelshamen, Baal-Shamayim, Ba'alsamen, Beel-Samin, Baalshamim, Baalshamen. This name was originally a title of Baal Hadad, in the 2nd millennium BC, but came to designate a distinct god circa 1000 BC. The earliest known mention of this god or title is in a"
"Hathor Hathor was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion who played a wide variety of roles. As a sky deity, she was the mother or consort of the sky god Horus and the sun god Ra, both of whom were connected with kingship, and thus she was the symbolic mother of their earthly representatives, the pharaohs. She was one of several goddesses who acted as the Eye of Ra, Ra's feminine counterpart, and in this form she had a vengeful aspect that protected him from his enemies. Her contrasting, beneficent side represented music, dance, joy, love, sexuality, and maternal"