"of the quarantine's efficacy. There is a prohibition on transporting homegrown or foraged fruit from the quarantine zone into the pest free zone, except for fruit that has first been processed through canning, jarring, juicing, or drying. In addition, any yard waste from the quarantine zone must be disposed of within the zone and cannot be transported across its boundaries. Store-bought fruit is exempt from the quarantine as it is already subject to inspection by state authorities. In addition, under state law pest control officials can order property owners to spray with pesticides trees in which the apple maggot has"
"Kumquat Kumquats (or cumquats in Australian English, ; ""Citrus japonica"") are a group of small fruit-bearing trees in the flowering plant family Rutaceae. They were previously classified as forming the now historical genus ""Fortunella"", or placed within ""Citrus sensu lato"". The edible fruit closely resembles the orange (""Citrus sinensis"") in color and shape but is much smaller, being approximately the size of a large olive. Kumquat is a fairly cold-hardy citrus. The English name ""kumquat"" derives from the Cantonese ""gām-gwāt"" , literally meaning ""golden orange"" or ""golden tangerine"". The kumquat plant is native to south Asia and the Asia-Pacific region."
"such as citronellal (0.6%) and 2-methylundecanal. Other oxygenated compounds include nerol (0.22%) and trans-linalool oxide (0.15%). Hybrid forms of the kumquat include the following: Kumquat Kumquats (or cumquats in Australian English, ; ""Citrus japonica"") are a group of small fruit-bearing trees in the flowering plant family Rutaceae. They were previously classified as forming the now historical genus ""Fortunella"", or placed within ""Citrus sensu lato"". The edible fruit closely resembles the orange (""Citrus sinensis"") in color and shape but is much smaller, being approximately the size of a large olive. Kumquat is a fairly cold-hardy citrus. The English name ""kumquat"" derives"
"Tangerine The tangerine (""Citrus tangerina"") is a group of orange-colored citrus fruit consisting of hybrids of mandarin orange (""Citrus reticulata""). The name was first used for fruit coming from Tangier, Morocco, described as a mandarin variety. Under the Tanaka classification system, ""Citrus tangerina"" is considered a separate species. Under the Swingle system, tangerines are considered to be a group of mandarin (""C. reticulata"") varieties. Genetic study has shown tangerines to be mandarin orange hybrids containing some pomelo DNA. Some differ only in disease resistance. The term is currently applied to any reddish-orange mandarin (and, in some jurisdictions, mandarin-like hybrids, including"
"More specifically, ""gourd"" refers to the fruits of plants in the two Cucurbitaceae genera ""Lagenaria"" and ""Cucurbita"", or also to their hollow, dried-out shell. A gourd can also have a hard shell when dehydrated. There are many different gourds worldwide. The main plants referred to as gourds include several species from the genus ""Cucurbita"" (mostly native to North America, including the Malabar gourd and turban squash), ""Crescentia cujete"" (the tree gourd or calabash tree, native to the American tropics) and ""Lagenaria siceraria"" (bottle gourd, thought to be originally from Africa but present worldwide). Other plants with gourd in their name"
"of the USDA - Agricultural Research Service (ARS) - National Plant Germplasm System NGRL. Momordica charantia Momordica charantia (colloquial: bitter melon; bitter apple; bitter gourd; bitter squash; balsam-pear) is a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for its edible fruit. Its many varieties differ substantially in the shape and bitterness of the fruit. Bitter melon originated in India and was introduced into China in the 14th century. It is widely used in East Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asian cuisine. Bitter melon also has names in other languages which have"
"fruit is a hairy capsule under a centimeter long suspended on a short, often curvy pedicel. There are three subspecies. One, the San Bernardino Mountains bladderpod (ssp. ""bernardina""), is a very rare plant known from only a few spots near Big Bear in the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California. Because of threats to the plant from mining and other human activities, this subspecies is treated as an endangered species on the federal level. Physaria kingii Physaria kingii is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name King bladderpod. It is native to western"
"Clementine del Golfo di Taranto The Clementine is a citrus hybrid between the willowleaf mandarine (Citrus x deliciosa) and a sweet orange (Citrus x sinensis). According to some sources, it was discovered for the first time in the garden of the orphanage of Brother Marie-Clément in the late 19th century in Misserghin, Algeria and so formally named in 1902. Other sources have attributed a more ancient origin in China because of the similarity with some fruit native to the provinces of Guangxi and Guangdong even though these are mandarin hybrids. The Clementines of the Gulf of Taranto PGI (""Clementine del"
"Quercetin Quercetin, a plant flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols, is found in many fruits, vegetables, leaves, and grains; red onions and kale are common foods containing appreciable content of quercetin. It has a bitter flavor and is used as an ingredient in dietary supplements, beverages, and foods. Quercetin is a flavonoid widely distributed in nature. The name has been used since 1857, and is derived from ""quercetum"" (oak forest), after ""Quercus"". It is a naturally occurring polar auxin transport inhibitor. Quercetin is one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids, with an average daily consumption of 25–50 milligrams. In"
"Cucurbita Cucurbita (Latin for gourd) is a genus of herbaceous vines in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae, also known as cucurbits, native to the Andes and Mesoamerica. Five species are grown worldwide for their edible fruit, variously known as squash, pumpkin, or gourd depending on species, variety, and local parlance, and for their seeds. Other kinds of gourd, also called bottle-gourds, are native to Africa and belong to the genus ""Lagenaria"", which is in the same family and subfamily as ""Cucurbita"" but in a different tribe. These other gourds are used as utensils or vessels, and their young fruits are eaten"
"together, from late spring to mid summer. The fruit is a globose to oblong red hip 1–2 cm diameter. The name ""eglantine"" is from Middle English ""eglentyn"", from Old French ""aiglantin"" (adj.), from ""aiglent"" 'sweetbrier', from Vulgar Latin *""aculentus"" (with the ending of ""spinulentus"" 'thorny, prickly'), from Latin ""aculeus"" 'prickle', from ""acus"" 'needle'. ""Sweet"" refers to the sweet, apple fragrance of the leaves, while ""briar"" ~ ""brier"" refers to it being a thorny bush. In addition to its pink flowers, it is valued for its scent, and the hips that form after the flowers and persist well into the winter."
"Pomegranate The pomegranate (""Punica granatum"") is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree in the family Lythraceae that grows between tall. The fruit is typically in season in the Northern Hemisphere from September to February, and in the Southern Hemisphere from March to May. As intact arils or juice, pomegranates are used in baking, cooking, juice blends, meal garnishes, smoothies, and alcoholic beverages, such as cocktails and wine. The pomegranate originated in the region extending from modern-day Iran to northern India, and has been cultivated since ancient times throughout the Mediterranean region. It was introduced into Spanish America in the"
"orange, according to Swingle, belongs to a citrus related genera, called Poncirus, while grapefruit equivocally belongs to the genus citrus, hence the botanical name ""X citroncirus"" is a hybrid genus, derived from citrus and poncirus. Citrumelo Citrumelo or Citromelo (""X Citroncirus"" spp.) is also called ""Swingle citrumelo trifoliate hybrid"", because it is a cold hardy citrus hybrid between a 'Duncan' grapefruit and a trifoliate orange (""Poncirus trifoliata"" (L.) Raf.), developed by Walter Tennyson Swingle. Citrumelo is widely employed as a citrus rootstock, being resistant to the severe citrus tristeza virus and to the Phytophthora foot rot as well as to"
"Mandarin orange The mandarin orange (""Citrus reticulata""), also known as the mandarin or mandarine, is a small citrus tree with fruit resembling other oranges, usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. Specifically reddish-orange mandarin cultivars can be marketed as tangerines, but this is not a botanical classification. Mandarins are smaller and oblate, rather than spherical like the common oranges (which are a mandarin hybrid). The taste is considered less sour, as well as sweeter and stronger. A ripe mandarin is firm to slightly soft, heavy for its size, and pebbly-skinned. The peel is very thin, with very little bitter white"
"three categories: those fruits that are berries under both definitions; those fruits that are botanical berries but not commonly known as berries; and those parts of plants commonly known as berries that are not botanical berries, and may not even be fruits. Berries under both definitions include blueberries, cranberries, lingonberries, and the fruits of many other members of the heather family, as well as gooseberries, goji berries and elderberries. The fruits of some ""currants"" (""Ribes"" species), such as blackcurrants, red currants and white currants, are botanical berries, and are treated as horticultural berries (or as soft fruit in the UK),"
"Clementine A clementine (""Citrus × clementina"") is a tangor, a hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange (""C."" × ""deliciosa"") and a sweet orange (""C. × sinensis""), so named in 1902. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance. Clementines can be separated into 7 to 14 segments. Similar to tangerines, they tend to be easy to peel. They are typically juicy and sweet, with less acid than oranges. Their oils, like other citrus fruits, contain mostly limonene as well as myrcene, linalool, α-pinene and many complex aromatics. The clementine is a spontaneous citrus hybrid that arose"
"Momordica charantia Momordica charantia (colloquial: bitter melon; bitter apple; bitter gourd; bitter squash; balsam-pear) is a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for its edible fruit. Its many varieties differ substantially in the shape and bitterness of the fruit. Bitter melon originated in India and was introduced into China in the 14th century. It is widely used in East Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asian cuisine. Bitter melon also has names in other languages which have entered English as loanwords. Following are a few: This herbaceous, tendril-bearing vine grows up"
"Tatler"" in 1710 with similar uses from the 1800s. The adjective was applied to the fruit, once known scientifically as """"Citrus nobilis"" var. ""tangeriana"""" which grew in the region of Tangiers. This usage appears in the 1800s In India it is called ""Narangi"" in Hindi (Hindi:नारंगी), ""Narangi"" means ""Orange color"" and hence it refers to the bright orange color of the fruit. Tangerine The tangerine (""Citrus tangerina"") is a group of orange-colored citrus fruit consisting of hybrids of mandarin orange (""Citrus reticulata""). The name was first used for fruit coming from Tangier, Morocco, described as a mandarin variety. Under the"
"Charantin Charantin is a chemical substance obtained from the Asian bitter melon (""Momordica charantia""), reputed to be responsible for the hypoglycaemic properties of those plants. It was identified by Lolitkar and Rao in 1960. It was also found in the similar African species ""M. foetida"", by A. Olaniyi in 1975, under the name foetidin. Charantin is actually a 1:1 mixture of two steroidal saponins, β-sitosteryl glucoside () and 5,25-stigmasteryl glucoside (). It is a whitish crystalline substance, neutral and tasteless, melting at 266–268 °C. It is sparingly soluble in water or other highly polar solvents, as well as in apolar"
"red flowers, each surrounded by white and purple filaments. Requiring a minimum temperature of , in temperate zones it must be grown under glass. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit. Giant granadilla The giant granadilla, barbadine (Trinidad), grenadine (Haiti), giant tumbo or badea (), ටං ටිං (), Passiflora quadrangularis, produces the largest fruit of any species within the genus ""Passiflora"". It is a perennial native to the Neotropics, having smooth, cordate, ovate or acuminate leaves; petioles bearing from 4 to 6 glands; an emetic and narcotic root; scented flowers; and a large, oblong fruit, containing"
"Giant granadilla The giant granadilla, barbadine (Trinidad), grenadine (Haiti), giant tumbo or badea (), ටං ටිං (), Passiflora quadrangularis, produces the largest fruit of any species within the genus ""Passiflora"". It is a perennial native to the Neotropics, having smooth, cordate, ovate or acuminate leaves; petioles bearing from 4 to 6 glands; an emetic and narcotic root; scented flowers; and a large, oblong fruit, containing numerous seeds, embedded in a subacid edible pulp. The badea is sometimes grown in greenhouses. The fruits of several other species of Passiflora are eaten. ""P. laurifolia"" is the water lemon and ""P. maliformis"" the"
"1940s. 'Hayward' is the most commonly available cultivar in stores. It is a large, egg-shaped fruit with a sweet flavour. 'Saanichton 12', from British Columbia, is somewhat more rectangular than 'Hayward' and comparably sweet, but the inner core of the fruit can be tough. 'Blake' can self-pollinate, but it has a smaller, more oval fruit and the flavour is considered inferior. Kiwi berries are edible berry- or grape-sized fruits similar to fuzzy kiwifruit in taste and appearance, but with thin, smooth green skin. They are primarily produced by three species: ""Actinidia arguta"" (hardy kiwi), ""A. kolomikta"" (Arctic kiwifruit) and ""A."
"Vaccinium Vaccinium is a common and widespread genus of shrubs or dwarf shrubs in the heath family (Ericaceae). The fruits of many species are eaten by humans and some are of commercial importance, including the cranberry, blueberry, bilberry (whortleberry), lingonberry (cowberry), and huckleberry. Like many other ericaceous plants, they are generally restricted to acidic soils. The plant structure varies between species: some trail along the ground, some are dwarf shrubs, and some are larger shrubs perhaps tall. The fruit develops from an inferior ovary, and is a berry; it is usually brightly coloured, often being red or bluish with purple"
"relatively recent genomic analysis has revealed some hybrids assigned to the same species to be of quite distinct ancestry. No alternative system of grouping fruit in hybrid species has been adopted. While most citrus hybrids derive from the three core species, hybrids have also been derived from the micrantha, the Ichang papeda and the kumquat. The best known hybrid from micrantha is the Key lime (or Mexican lime), derived from the breeding of a male citron and a female micrantha. Several citrus varieties are Ichang papeda/mandarin crosses (for which Swingle coined the term ichandarin), including Sudachi and Yuzu (which also"
"Astringent An astringent (sometimes called adstringent) is a chemical that shrinks or constricts body tissues. The word derives from the Latin ""adstringere"", which means ""to bind fast"". Calamine lotion, witch hazel, and yerba mansa, a Californian plant, are astringents. Astringency, the dry, puckering mouthfeel caused by the tannins in unripe fruits, lets the fruit mature by deterring eating. Ripe fruits and fruit parts including blackthorn (sloe berries), ""Aronia"" chokeberry, chokecherry, bird cherry, quince and persimmon fruits, and banana skins are very astringent; citrus fruits, like lemons, are somewhat astringent. Tannins, being a kind of polyphenol, bind salivary proteins and make"
"fields of prohibited grain or during packaging. However, in December 2013 the Orthodox Union, the world's largest kosher certification agency, announced it would begin certifying quinoa as kosher for Passover. Quinoa Quinoa (""Chenopodium quinoa""; ( or , from Quechua ' or ') is a flowering plant in the amaranth family. It is a herbaceous annual plant grown as a grain crop primarily for its edible seeds. Quinoa is not a grass, but rather a pseudocereal botanically related to spinach and amaranth (""Amaranthus"" spp.). Quinoa provides protein, dietary fiber, B vitamins, and dietary minerals in rich amounts above those of wheat,"
"Grapefruit The grapefruit (""Citrus"" × ""paradisi"") is a subtropical citrus tree known for its sour to semi-sweet, somewhat bitter fruit. Grapefruit is a hybrid originating in Barbados as an accidental cross between two introduced species, sweet orange (""C. sinensis"") and pomelo, or shaddock (""C. maxima""), both of which were introduced from Asia in the seventeenth century. When found, it was named the ""forbidden fruit""; and frequently, it has been misidentified with the pomelo. The grapefruit's name alludes to clusters of the fruit on the tree, which often appear similar to that of grapes. The evergreen grapefruit trees usually grow to"
"mostly in Baja California Sur. Botanists Bemis and Whitaker suggest that ""C. cordata"" and ""C. cylindrata"" may be a case of sympatric speciation. The juvenile leaves of ""C. cylindrata"", ""C. cordata"", ""C. digitata"", and ""C. palmata"" show a high degree of similarity, but their mature leaves are visibly different, as are their root structures. ""C. cylindrata"" fruits are dark green, striped, and round. It was first identified by Liberty Hyde Bailey in 1943. Cucurbita cylindrata Cucurbita cylindrata is a species of flowering plant in the squash family. It is similar to ""Cucurbita californica"", ""Cucurbita cordata"", ""Cucurbita digitata"", and ""Cucurbita palmata"""
"Orangelo An orangelo (Spanish chironja - C. ×paradisi × C. ×sinensis) is a hybrid citrus fruit believed to have originated in Puerto Rico. The fruit, a cross between a grapefruit and an orange, had spontaneously appeared in the shade-providing trees grown on coffee plantations in the Puerto Rican highlands. In 1956, Carlos G. Moscoso, from the Horticulture, Agricultural Extension Service of the University of Puerto Rico noticed trees that grew fruits that were larger and a brighter yellow than those of the other trees on the plantations. Rootstock trials led to the development of the hybrid commonly known as the"
"Citron melon The citron melon (""Citrullus caffer"") is a relative of the watermelon, also called ""Citrullus lanatus"" var. ""citroides"" and Citrullus amarus, fodder melon, preserving melon, red-seeded citron, jam melon, stock melon, Kalahari melon or tsamma melon. It is in the family Cucurbitaceae which consists of various squashes, melons, and gourds. Its fruit has a hard white flesh, rendering it less likely to be eaten raw; more often it is pickled or used to make fruit preserves, and is used for cattle feed. It is especially useful for fruit preserves, because it has a high pectin content. The citron melon"
"if a large quantity is eaten. Four other species previously included in the genus ""Cydonia"" are now treated in separate genera. These are ""Pseudocydonia sinensis"" and the three flowering quinces of eastern Asia in the genus ""Chaenomeles"". Another unrelated fruit, the bael, is sometimes called the ""Bengal quince"". The modern name originated in the 14th century as a plural of ""quoyn"", via Old French ""cooin"" from Latin ""cotoneum malum"" / ""cydonium malum"", ultimately from Greek κυδώνιον μῆλον, ""kydonion melon"" ""Kydonian apple"". ""Cydonia"" is included in the subfamily Amygdaloideae. Quince is native to rocky slopes and woodland margins in South-West Asia,"
"variety would be named. The trees grow upright, but often have branches bent or broken by heavy fruiting at the ends. It is widely grown in Florida, where it matures in January to March. Citrus scab and alternaria fungus disease attack Murcotts. The Murcott is one parent of the Clementine-like hybrid variously called the Afourer, Nadorcott or W. Murcott cultivar, the other parent being unknown. Murcott (fruit) The Murcott (marketed as: Honey Tangerine) is a tangor, or mandarin–sweet orange hybrid. The Murcott arose out of citrus pioneer Walter Tennyson Swingle's attempts to produce novel citrus hybrids. Its seed parent has"
"is then converted into naringenin using chalcone isomerase. Naringenin is converted into eriodictyol using flavanoid 3′-hydroxylase. Eriodictyol is then converted into dihydroquercetin with flavanone 3-hydroxylase, which is then converted into quercetin using flavonol synthase. Quercetin is the aglycone form of a number of other flavonoid glycosides, such as rutin and quercitrin, found in citrus fruit, buckwheat and onions. Quercetin forms the glycosides quercitrin and rutin together with rhamnose and rutinose, respectively. Likewise guaijaverin is the 3-""O""-arabinoside, hyperoside is the 3-""O""-galactoside, isoquercitin is the 3-""O""-glucoside and spiraeoside is the 4′-""O""-glucoside. CTN-986 is a quercetin derivative found in cottonseeds and cottonseed oil."