"to the city gates. It was this moment, and this poignant mix of defeat, heroic self-sacrifice, and willingness to face imminent death that Rodin captured in his sculpture, scaled somewhat larger than life. According to Froissart's story, the burghers expected to be executed, but their lives were spared by the intervention of England's queen, Philippa of Hainault, who persuaded her husband to exercise mercy by claiming that their deaths would be a bad omen for her unborn child. (Her son, Thomas of Windsor, only lived for one year.) The City of Calais had attempted to erect a statue of Eustache"
"Jean de Fiennes Jean de Fiennes is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, first produced between 1885 and 1886. A bronze cast of it is now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. It is an individual nude modello for his group ""The Burghers of Calais"", showing Jean de Fiennes, captain of Calais and the youngest of the burghers. However, de Fiennes' name was only assigned to one of the burghers long after the historical event in 1346 and he is not mentioned in the contemporary accounts of the siege of Calais such as Froissart's ""Chronicles"". Rodin made"
"decorator and later as a designer for the Sèvres porcelain factory. He gradually won attention for his design for the Gates of Hell, a museum of decorative art which was never built; its plan included what became his most famous work, ""The Thinker"". He was commissioned by the city of Calais to make a monument, ""The Burghers of Calais"" (1884), to commemorate an event that took place in that city in 1347, during the Hundred Years' War. He was also commissioned to make a monument to Balzac (now on the Boulevard Raspail), which caused a scandal and made him a"
"Pierre de Wiessant Pierre de Wiessant is a bronze sculpture by French artist Auguste Rodin, part of his sculptural group ""The Burghers of Calais"". This sculpture represents one of the six burghers who, according to Jean Froissart surrendered themselves in 1347, at the beginning of the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453), in order to save the inhabitants of the French city of Calais from the English laying siege to the city. Between 1884 and 1886, Rodin created nude studies of each of the burghers, then draped them in wet canvas in order to cover to better grasp how the human figures"
"The Gate of Calais The Gate of Calais or O, the Roast Beef of Old England is a 1748 painting by William Hogarth, reproduced as a print from an engraving the next year. Hogarth produced the painting directly after his return from France, where he had been arrested as a spy while sketching in Calais. The scene depicts a side of beef being transported from the harbour to an English tavern in the port, while a group of undernourished, ragged French soldiers and a fat friar look on hungrily. Hogarth painted himself in the left corner with a ""soldier's hand"
"top of the gate, which is absent in the engraving. The crow was a late addition to the painting to disguise an accidental tear, apparently caused by the canvas falling on a nail shortly after it was completed, although no evidence of damage was found when the painting was restored in 1966. The Gate of Calais The Gate of Calais or O, the Roast Beef of Old England is a 1748 painting by William Hogarth, reproduced as a print from an engraving the next year. Hogarth produced the painting directly after his return from France, where he had been arrested"
"Jean d'Aire Jean d'Aire is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, first conceived around 1885 as part of the planning for his group ""The Burghers of Calais"". After the first group modello, he made individual studies of each figure. The first such study of d'Aire was nude, followed by one partially covered in a kind of toga and with the noose round his neck more obvious. He holds a cushion bearing the keys of Calais and is drawn to the left by the noose. A bronze cast of this second version is now in the Museo Soumaya in"
"Eustache de Saint Pierre (sculpture) Eustache de Saint Pierre is a sculpture by Auguste Rodin, now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. It was conceived between 1885 and 1886 as part of his ""The Burghers of Calais"" group. The other figures in the group (Jean de Fiennes, Pierre de Wiessant, Jacques de Wiessant, Jean d´Aire and Andrieu d'Andres) were also cast as individual figures. In Rodin's first maquette for the project, the figure of Eustache de Saint Pierre (the oldest of the burghers) was in a dominant position within the group, carrying the town's keys. The second maquette still"
"Mexico City and other collections. Jean d'Aire Jean d'Aire is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, first conceived around 1885 as part of the planning for his group ""The Burghers of Calais"". After the first group modello, he made individual studies of each figure. The first such study of d'Aire was nude, followed by one partially covered in a kind of toga and with the noose round his neck more obvious. He holds a cushion bearing the keys of Calais and is drawn to the left by the noose. A bronze cast of this second version is now"
"""Psyche"", ""Daphne and Cupid"" and ""Cursed Women"". Ovid's Metamorphoses (sculpture) Ovid's Metamorphoses or The Satyrs is a sculpture by Auguste Rodin, created as part of ""The Gates of Hell"". It draws on the tale of Salmacis and Hermaphroditus in Book IV, lines 285-388 of Ovid's ""Metamorphoses"". One edition of the bronze cast of it is now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. Another edition of this bronze cast is on display at the Yamasaki Majak Museum of Art in Nagoya Japan. His models were two ballerinas at the Paris Opera, recommended to him in the mid-1880s by Edgar Degas."
"""The Pool of Bethesda"" and ""The Good Samaritan"", executed in 1736–1737 for St Bartholomew's Hospital; ""Moses brought before Pharaoh's Daughter"", painted for the Foundling Hospital (1747, formerly at the Thomas Coram Foundation for Children, now in the Foundling Museum); ""Paul before Felix"" (1748) at Lincoln's Inn; and his altarpiece for St. Mary Redcliffe, Bristol (1755–56). ""The Gate of Calais"" (1748; now in Tate Britain) was produced soon after his return from a visit to France. Horace Walpole wrote that Hogarth had run a great risk to go there since the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle: he went to France, and was so"
"Eustache de Saint Pierre Eustache de Saint Pierre is the best known figure of the group of six known as The Burghers of Calais, the first to volunteer and surrender, wearing ""a shirt and a rope around his neck"" to the King of England at that time, Edward III, to save the people of Calais (August 1347). According to the chronicler Jean Froissart, the king pardoned him at the request of his wife, Philippa of Hainault. The scene of the surrender of the mayor of Calais was immortalized in a bronze statue by Rodin and can be seen in twelve"
"the entry courtyard. Visitors once entered through a cast of ""The Gates of Hell"", located at the main entrance to the museum, which is no longer used. This massive 5.5-m-tall bronze doorway was originally created for the Museum of Decorative Arts (which was to have been located in Paris but never came into existence). Rodin sculpted more than 100 figures for these doors from 1880 until his death in 1917. This casting is one of the three originals; several others have been made since. Several of his most famous works, including ""The Thinker"", are actually studies for these doors which"
"for an edition of his works published in 1795), plus a smaller portrait of Rousseau; a small profile of Cicero after Moreau; and both drew and engraved a portrait of ""Hue de Miroménil"" (keeper of the seal and deputy to the Chancellor of France (Minister of Justice) from 1774 to 1787). Amongst other large works, he engraved ""The Siege of Calais"", after Jean-Simon Berthélemy. He dedicated the engraving to the National Assembly, who accepted the honour officially in a session of 16 September 1789. The citizens of Calais also showed their appreciation by making him a ""Burgher of Calais"" on"
"the eldest of the six men, Rodin conceived the sculpture as a study in the varied and complex emotions under which all six men were laboring. One year into the commission, the Calais committee was not impressed with Rodin's progress. Rodin indicated his willingness to end the project rather than change his design to meet the committee's conservative expectations, but Calais said to continue. In 1889, ""The Burghers of Calais"" was first displayed to general acclaim. It is a bronze sculpture weighing two tons (1,814 kg), and its figures are 6.6 ft (2 m) tall. The six men portrayed do"
"casts now in the Musée Rodin in Paris, the Cantor Sculpture Garden at Stanford University, in the California Palace of the Legion of Honor, the Rodin Museum in Philadelphia and the Museo Soumaya in Mexico . An autograph plaster copy dating to 1917 is also in the Musée d'arts de Nantes. The Three Shades The Three Shades (""Les Trois Ombres"") is a sculptural group produced in plaster by Auguste Rodin in 1886 for his ""The Gates of Hell"". He made several individual studies for the ""Shades"" before finally deciding to put them together as three identical figures gathered around a"
"Ovid's Metamorphoses (sculpture) Ovid's Metamorphoses or The Satyrs is a sculpture by Auguste Rodin, created as part of ""The Gates of Hell"". It draws on the tale of Salmacis and Hermaphroditus in Book IV, lines 285-388 of Ovid's ""Metamorphoses"". One edition of the bronze cast of it is now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. Another edition of this bronze cast is on display at the Yamasaki Majak Museum of Art in Nagoya Japan. His models were two ballerinas at the Paris Opera, recommended to him in the mid-1880s by Edgar Degas. They also served as models for his"
"copies, including the Belfry square in Calais, the Victoria Tower Gardens adjoining Parliament in London, or at the art museum Glyptotek in Copenhagen (Denmark), and the Rodin Museum in Paris. A cast of the figure representing Saint Pierre is in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. Eustache de Saint Pierre Eustache de Saint Pierre is the best known figure of the group of six known as The Burghers of Calais, the first to volunteer and surrender, wearing ""a shirt and a rope around his neck"" to the King of England at that time, Edward III, to save the people of"
"buildings. Dating from 1229, when Philip I, Count of Boulogne, built the fortifications of Calais, it is one of the oldest monuments of Calais, although the oldest remaining traces date to 1302. It has a height of 35–39 metres (sources differ). An earthquake in 1580 split the tower in two, and at one time it threatened to collapse completely. The tower was repaired in 1606, and then had the purpose of serving as a hall to accommodate the merchants of Calais. It was damaged in 1658 when a young stable boy set fire to it, while it was temporarily being"
"his ""The Gates of Hell"". Kneeling Female Faun Kneeling Female Faun is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin. A variant of his work ""The Martyr"", it is made of bronze. It was originally conceived in 1884 and exhibited in 1889 in Georges Petit's gallery. It exists in two contemporary variants. The first has animal features and an upright head, whilst the second leans her head to the right with a sweeter expression. Both were possibly modelled on Carmen Visconti from Fiesole in Italy, who modelled for Rodin between 1880 and 1893. It was used in the left half"
"spare them if six of the principal citizens would come to him prepared to die, bareheaded and barefooted and with ropes around their necks. When they came, he ordered that they be executed, but pardoned them when his queen, Philippa of Hainault, begged him to spare their lives. ""The Burghers of Calais"" depicts the men as they are leaving for the king's camp, carrying keys to the town's gates and citadel. Rodin began the project in 1884, inspired by the chronicles of the siege by Jean Froissart. Though the town envisioned an allegorical, heroic piece centered on Eustache de Saint-Pierre,"
"of the Ministry of Public Works, on île des cygnes, founded by Colbert. Edme Gaulle Edme Gaulle (1762, Langres - January 1841, Paris) was a French sculptor. He began by studying drawing with Francois Devosge at the school in Dijon, then going to follow Jean Guillaume Moitte's course at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He won the second prize for sculpture in 1791 with ""Pericles coming to visit Anaxagoras"", and the first prize for sculpture (Prix de Rome) in 1803 for ""Ulysses recognising his nurse Eurycleia"", but the Napoleonic Wars prevented him setting out for Rome for his stay"
"Finchley"", which he painted in 1749/50, provides a companion theme to ""The Gate of Calais"": it depicts a fictional gathering of robust English guardsman who are to march north to defend London against the invasion of Bonnie Prince Charlie's Jacobites in 1745. Further anti-French sentiment is apparent in his two ""Invasion"" engravings, published in 1756, and in ""Beer Street"", where Rev. James Townley's accompanying verses stress the superiority of the English. ""The Gate of Calais"" secondary title, ""O, the Roast Beef of Old England"", is a reference to the popular patriotic ballad 'The Roast Beef of Old England' from Henry"
"more hair on his head and with more detail in the facial features. In the final group the figure is clothed but has his arms extended as in the first nude modello. However, overall the figure of de Fiennes in the final group is the one with the most changes from the initial modello. Jean de Fiennes Jean de Fiennes is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, first produced between 1885 and 1886. A bronze cast of it is now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. It is an individual nude modello for his group ""The Burghers"
"Rodin worked throughout his life on ""The Gates of Hell"", a monumental sculptural group depicting scenes from Dante's ""Inferno"" in high relief. Often lacking a clear conception of his major works, Rodin compensated with hard work and a striving for perfection. He conceived ""The Gates"" with the ""surmoulage"" controversy still in mind: ""...I had made the ""St. John"" to refute [the charges of casting from a model], but it only partially succeeded. To prove completely that I could model from life as well as other sculptors, I determined...to make the sculpture on the door of figures smaller than life."" Laws"
"woman of this piece and in other female figures prominent in works he created in the mid-1880s. The work was reproduced several times in bronze and marble. A marble version dating to c. 1901 was sold at auction in May 2016 for a then record-breaking $20 million. Eternal Springtime Eternal Springtime () is a c. 1884 sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, depicting a pair of lovers. It was created at the same time as ""The Gates of Hell"" and originally intended to be part of it. Rodin originally conceived of ""Eternal Springtime"" as part of ""The Gates of"
"upon my shoulder."" In July 1748, Hogarth took a trip to Paris, taking advantage of the armistice which preceded the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in October that year. He travelled with some artist friends, including Thomas Hudson, Joseph and Alexander Van Aken, Francis Hayman, and Henry Cheere. George Vertue reports that the group split up on the return journey, with Hogarth and Hayman making their way to Calais to catch the boat to England and the others continuing their tour to Flanders and the Netherlands. While waiting in Calais, Hogarth decided to sketch the gate of the port"
"physiognomy held that each region had a specific set of facial features. Although clothed in a robe and with a noose round his neck, the figure of Saint Pierre in the finished group is otherwise almost identical to the model. Eustache de Saint Pierre (sculpture) Eustache de Saint Pierre is a sculpture by Auguste Rodin, now in the Museo Soumaya in Mexico City. It was conceived between 1885 and 1886 as part of his ""The Burghers of Calais"" group. The other figures in the group (Jean de Fiennes, Pierre de Wiessant, Jacques de Wiessant, Jean d´Aire and Andrieu d'Andres) were"
"simply showing the figure's facial expression. Andromeda (Rodin) Andromeda is a sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin, named after Andromeda. It is one of the sculptures produced as part of his ""The Gates of Hell"" project and appears on the left door next to the personification of Day and on the right door as part of the group showing a falling winged genius. It was exhibited for the first time in 1889 at the Galerie Georges Petit in a joint exhibition with Claude Monet. The poet Rainer Maria Rilke praised the work's expressive quality, which he held to be"
"first conceived the figure as part of his work ""The Gates of Hell"" commissioned in 1880, but the first of the familiar monumental bronze castings did not appear until 1904. ""The Thinker"" was initially named The Poet (), and was part of a large commission begun in 1880 for a doorway surround called ""The Gates of Hell"". Rodin based this on ""The Divine Comedy"" of Dante Alighieri, and most of the figures in the work represented the main characters in the poem with ""The Thinker"" at the center of the composition over the doorway and about larger than most of"
"or ""Little Eve"", whose original is also in the Musée Rodin in Paris). He also reused the same figure of Eve in his marble ""Eve and the Serpent"" (1901) and his plaster ""Adam and Eve"" (1884). Eve (Rodin) Eve is a nude sculpture by the French artist Auguste Rodin. It shows Eve despairing after the Fall. In 1880 Rodin was commissioned to produce ""The Gates of Hell"", for which he exhibited ""Adam"" at the 1881 Paris Salon. In a sketch for ""Gates"" Rodin showed a central silhouette possibly intended as Eve (both the sketch and ""Gates"" are now in the"
"The Three Shades The Three Shades (""Les Trois Ombres"") is a sculptural group produced in plaster by Auguste Rodin in 1886 for his ""The Gates of Hell"". He made several individual studies for the ""Shades"" before finally deciding to put them together as three identical figures gathered around a central point. The heads hang lower than it would be possible for them to do in reality, meaning that the neck and shoulders form an almost-horizontal plane. They were to be placed above the gates looking down on the viewer. It was later cast in bronze in several editions, with such"
"Museum of Decorative Arts in Paris on the remains of the Court of Accounts. Several artists were summoned to work on the project and Haquette introduced Rodin to his brother Georges Haquette, who in turn knew undersecretary Edmond Turquet. Turquet and Georges Haquette recommended Rodin for the project and commissioned him to produce ""The Gates of Hell"". On the reverse is inscribed ""À mon ami Haquette"" (To my friend Haquette) - it is thought to have been cast as a thank-you gift for the ""Gates of Hell"" commission. Bust of Maurice Haquette The Bust of Maurice Haquette is an 1883"