"in a variety of recipes, such as polenta, pesto, and purée. Nettle soup is a common use of the plant, particularly in Northern and Eastern Europe. Nettles are sometimes used in cheesemaking, for example in the production of Cornish Yarg and as a flavouring in varieties of Gouda. Nettles are used in Albania as part of the dough filling for the ""börek"". The top baby leaves are selected and simmered, then mixed with other ingredients such as herbs and rice, before being used as a filling between dough layers. Similarly, in Greece the tender leaves are often used, after simmering,"
"eaten as a salad in Russia. A variety of Cornish Yarg cheese has a rind coated in wild garlic leaves. The bulbs and flowers are also edible. It is used for preparing herbed cheese, a Van speciality in Turkey. The leaves are also used as fodder. Cows that have fed on ramsons give milk that tastes slightly of garlic, and butter made from this milk used to be very popular in 19th-century Switzerland. The first evidence of the human use of ""A. ursinum"" comes from the Mesolithic settlement of Barkær (Denmark), where an impression of a leaf has been found."
"foundation and cobbled floor are the only parts of the 18th-century structure that remain. In 2015 the summer house was burnt to the ground by vandals. It was rebuilt in 2016, with a significant proportion of the funding for the project raised from the local community. The most notable tree on the estate is the Florence Court Yew. This specimen is survivor of the two original Irish Yew (""Taxus baccata"" 'fastigiata') saplings discovered in 1767 by local farmer George Willis on Cuilcagh mountain. As the Irish Yew can be propagated only from cuttings, this tree is the progenitor of almost"
"may be that the Craigends Yew was amongst the first plantings on the estate by the Cuninghames in who held these lands from at least the time of Alexander Cuninghame (1426–1488), father of William, the first laird. In 2016 the Craigends Yew was shortlisted for Scotland's Tree of the Year by the Woodland Trust. Other examples of ancient layering yews can be found at Ormiston, Traquair House, Whittingehame and Broich, near Kippen. Craigends Yew The Craigends Yew (NS4199566134) is an ancient European layering yew (""Taxus baccata"") growing next to the River Gryffe in what were the grounds of the Craigends"
"although they are donated by a local daffodil grower and it is already considered to be the National flower of Wales. As part of a 2002 marketing campaign, the plant conservation charity Plantlife chose Thrift (""Armeria maritima"") as the ""county flower"" of the Isles of Scilly. The Cornish national tree is the sessile oak, known in Cornwall as the Cornish oak. The Cornish national dish is the Cornish pasty. The arms of the Diocese of Truro include a saltire gules on which are a crossed sword and key: below this is a fleur de lys sable, all surrounded by a"
"and the Hanging Rock Nature Reserve are all in the surrounding area. The Florence Court Yew is located in the old garden at Florence Court House. It is the surviving specimen of the two original Irish Yew seedlings and the mother of most Irish Yew trees worldwide. The seedlings were discovered on the slopes of Cuilcagh mountain near Florencecourt by George Willis in 1764. Willis presented one seedling to his landlord, Lord Mount Florence, and transplanted the other to his own garden where it died around 1860. The yew has been severely damaged over the years by the number of"
"its foliage and habit, suggest that it may be a hybrid of wych elm and Cornish Elm. Cornish Aromatic is an apple cultivar with a crisp, nut-like aromatic flavour that was first recorded in Cornwall in 1813. The Cornish Gilliflower cultivar of apple is so named as it was found in Truro, Cornwall, around 1800, the word 'gilliflower' being a corruption of a French word ""giroflier"" meaning clove, believed to be a reference to its odour. The cultivar was brought to the attention of commercial growers in 1813. Dufflin is an old variety of cider apple from Cornwall. It was"
"Lynher Dairies from an old recipe. Lynher Dairies also make Cornish Garland and Tiskey Meadow. Local cakes and desserts include saffron cake, heavy (""hevva"") cake (similar to Welsh cakes), fairing biscuits, figgy 'obbin, or ""fuggan"", scones (often served with jam and clotted cream) and whortleberry pie. Baking cakes using yeast is more common here than in the rest of England. The Cornish Gilliflower is a variety of apple tree found at Truro in 1813 which was afterwards grown commercially. Other Cornish cultivars include the Cornish Aromatic and the King Byerd. Various fruit trees can be grown in Cornwall but it"
"a Latin word meaning ""frosty"" or ""rimy"". The toothed helmet orchid grows in forest with shrubs between Nelson Bay, Moruya and Paterson. Corybas pruinosus Corybas pruinosus, commonly known as the toothed helmet orchid, is a species of terrestrial orchid endemic to New South Wales. It grows in moist forests and has a single round or heart-shaped leaf and a relatively small, translucent grey flower with dark red markings. ""Corybas pruinosus"" is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with a single round or heart-shaped leaf long and wide. The leaf is green on the upper surface and silvery green on the lower"
"Cornish Gilliflower The Cornish Gilliflower is a cultivar of apple. This cultivar was found in a cottage garden in Truro, Cornwall, England, UK, in about 1800 and in 1813 was brought to the attention of the Royal Horticultural Society by Sir Christopher Hawkins, who was awarded a silver medal ""for his exertions"". The word 'gilliflower' is possibly a corruption of a French word ""girofle"" meaning clove, believed to be a reference to its odour when cut. The leaves are small and the tree is not a strong grower. It ripens in October. The Cornish Gillyflower is used as a base"
"of Corning Glass Works. Centaurea cyanus Centaurea cyanus, commonly known as cornflower or bachelor's button, is an annual flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to Europe. In the past it often grew as a weed in cornfields (in the broad sense of ""corn"", referring to grains, such as wheat, barley, rye, or oats), hence its name. It is now endangered in its native habitat by agricultural intensification, particularly over-use of herbicides, destroying its habitat. It is also, however, through introduction as an ornamental plant in gardens and a seed contaminant in crop seeds, now naturalised in many other parts"
"Cortinarius caperatus Cortinarius caperatus, commonly known as the gypsy mushroom, is an edible mushroom of the genus ""Cortinarius"" found in northern regions of Europe and North America. It was known as ""Rozites caperata"" for many years before genetic studies revealed that it belonged to the genus ""Cortinarius"". The fruit bodies appear in autumn in coniferous and beech woods as well as heathlands in late summer and autumn. The ochre-coloured cap is up to 10 cm (4 in) across and has a fibrous surface. The clay-colored gills are attached to the stipe under the cap, and the stipe is whitish with"
"the small cheese plant that Fred constructed more than 75 years ago in the shadow of E.H.’s milking barn. The prize-winning herd is gone, but the barn remains and the company uses fresh milk from neighbor dairy farmers. The hand-formed wheels are aged for approximately six months to reach the peak of cave-ripened perfection. Maytag Dairy Farms is now owned by eleven members of the Maytag family and led by E.H. Maytag's great-grandson John Dannerbeck, who is Chairman of the Board and Treasurer. Maytag Dairy Farms Maytag Dairy Farms is a manufacturer of blue cheese and other cheeses based in"
"Harlow Carr arboretum in Yorkshire. The cultivar ""Quercus castaneifolia"" 'Green Spire' has been selected for its erect growth. Quercus castaneifolia Quercus castaneifolia, the chestnut-leaved oak, is a species of oak in the turkey oak section ""Quercus"" sect. ""Cerris"". It is native to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains of Iran, and resembles the closely related Turkey Oak in appearance. ""Q. castaneifolia"" is a deciduous tree growing < 35 m tall, with a trunk < 2.5 m diameter (exceptionally up to 50 m tall with a trunk < 3.5 m diameter). The leaves are 10–20 cm long and 3–5 cm wide, with"
"Barbarea verna Land cress (""Barbarea verna""), also known as American cress, bank cress, black wood cress, Belle Isle cress, Bermuda cress, early yellowrocket, early wintercress, scurvy cress, creasy greens, and upland cress, is a biennial herb in the family Brassicaceae. It is native to southern Europe and western Asia, and naturalized elsewhere It has been cultivated as a leaf vegetable in England since the 17th century. As it requires less water than watercress, it is easier to cultivate. Land cress is considered a satisfactory substitute for watercress. It can be used in sandwiches, or salads, or cooked like spinach, or"
"still the heart shield in the arms of Keutschach am See. Turnip The turnip or white turnip (""Brassica rapa"" subsp. ""rapa"") is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates worldwide for its white, fleshy taproot. The word ""turnip"" is a compound of ""tur-"" as in turned/rounded on a lathe and ""neep"", derived from Latin ""napus"", the word for the plant. Small, tender varieties are grown for human consumption, while larger varieties are grown as feed for livestock. In the north of England, Scotland, Ireland, Cornwall and eastern Canada (Newfoundland), turnip (or ""neep"") often refers to rutabaga, a larger, yellow"
"the first decades of the 20th-century. There is a rich ""Lobaria"" community including tree lungwort (""Lobaria pulmonaria"") which grow on the oaks. A number of species are confined to north Cornwall and Devon, these include ""Bombyliospora pachycarpa"", ""Graphina ruziana"", ""Lecidea carollii"", ""Melaspilea ochrothalamia"", ""Pannaria rubiginosa"", ""Parmeliellia atlantica"" and ""Parmeliellia plumbea"". Other notable lichens include the blue-grey ""Stricta limbata"" and the yellow-orange ""Pseudocyphellaria crocata"". Dizzard The Dizzard (, meaning ""very steep"") is an area, in the civil parish of St Gennys, Cornwall, containing five farms (or former farms). On the coast is Dizzard Point (), and the unique, dwarf oak, Dizzard"
"Lathyrus hirsutus Lathyrus hirsutus is a species of wild pea known by several common names, including Caley pea, hairy vetchling, and Austrian winterpea. It is native to Europe, North Africa, and much of Asia, and it is known from other continents, including North America, as an introduced species. This is an annual herb producing a winged stem and leaves each made up of two leaflike leaflets with a branching, coiled tendril. The inflorescence holds one or two pink, blue, or bicolored pea flowers each 1 to 1.5 centimeters wide. The fruit is a dehiscent legume pod covered in hairs with"
"Erica vagans Erica vagans (Cornish heath, wandering heath) is a species of flowering plant in the family Ericaceae, native to Ireland, Cornwall, western France and Spain. It is a vigorous, spreading, evergreen heather reaching tall and wide, with pink flowers borne in racemes long in summer and autumn. The Latin specific epithet ""vagans"" literally means ""wandering""; in this context it means ""widely distributed"". In Great Britain it is only found on the Lizard peninsula in Cornwall, where the unusual geology gives rise to the alkaline soils that it favours. It was voted the County flower of Cornwall in 2002 following"
"and June. The fruit is an inflated legume pod covered in shiny hairs. It is up to 3 centimeters long. Astragalus loanus Astragalus loanus is a rare species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common name Glenwood milkvetch. It is endemic to Utah in the United States, where it occurs only in Sevier County. It is limited to volcanic gravel substrates. This perennial herb is just a few centimeters tall. It is stemless, with a caudex covered in the remains of previous seasons' leaves. The leaves are up to 8 centimeters long and are made up"
"Aphanes arvensis Aphanes arvensis, known as parsley-piert, is a sprawling, downy plant common all over the British Isles where It grows on arable fields and bare wastelands, particularly in dry sites. The short-stalked leaves have three segments each lobed at the tip. Flowers April–September. The tiny green flower has four sepals and no petals, the fruit is oval pointed. Stipules form a leaf-like cup, enclosing the flower. The name of parsley piert has nothing to do with parsley. It is a corruption of the French ""perce-pierre"", meaning 'stone-piercer' and was given to the plant because of its habit of growing"
"which is said to be the favorite flower of St. Moluag, the Irish missionary whose staff the clan chiefs hold. Three Grass of Parnassus flowers appear on the Flag of Cumberland, a British county, as that flower grows on Cumberland's lofty fells. Species include: Parnassia The genus Parnassia, also known as grass of Parnassus or bog-stars, are plants in the family Celastraceae. The plants occur in arctic and alpine habitats, as well as in dune systems and fens, swamps, wet meadows, open seepage areas, moist woods, and across the Northern Hemisphere. It is actually not a grass, but an herbaceous"
"which are longer than the petals (technically, the ligules of the ray flowers). The flowers are like that of ""Tragopogon pratensis"", but are larger and dull purple, across. The flowers are hermaphroditic, and pollination is by insects. The fruits are achenes. The root, and sometimes the young shoots, of ""T. porrifolius"" are used as a vegetable, and historically the plant was cultivated for that purpose; it is mentioned by classical authors such as Pliny the Elder. Cultivation in Europe began in the 16th century in France and Italy. In the United Kingdom it was initially grown for its flower and"
"them in the hot earth beside the fire until they are just firm. Esteemed artist Emily Kngwarreye had an individual Dreaming around the pencil yam. This meant she had been given stories about the origins of the pencil yam, and was entitled to tell these stories and paint the yam. Vigna lanceolata Vigna lanceolata, known as the pencil yam, native bean, Maloga bean, parsnip bean, Ngarlajiyi, small yam, yam, bush carrot, Wapurtali, Wapirti, and Wajaraki is an Australian native plant. Its name in the Arrernte language of Central Australia is Merne arlatyeye. Bush carrot is an important bush tucker food"
"is Turkey, specifically the Giresun Province. Turkish hazelnut production of 625,000 tonnes accounts for approximately 75% of worldwide production. Corylus avellana Corylus avellana, the common hazel, is a species of hazel native to Europe and western Asia, from the British Isles south to Iberia, Greece, Turkey and Cyprus, north to central Scandinavia, and east to the central Ural Mountains, the Caucasus, and northwestern Iran. It is an important component of the hedgerows that were the traditional field boundaries in lowland England. The wood was traditionally grown as coppice, the poles cut being used for wattle-and-daub building and agricultural fencing. Common"
"Borage Borage (; Borago officinalis), also known as a starflower, is an annual herb in the flowering plant family Boraginaceae. It is native to the Mediterranean region and has naturalized in many other locales. It grows satisfactorily in gardens in the UK climate, remaining in the garden from year to year by self-seeding. The leaves are edible and the plant is grown in gardens for that purpose in some parts of Europe. The plant is also commercially cultivated for borage seed oil extracted from its seeds. The plant contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids, some of which are hepatotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic (see"
"Colombia and elsewhere in the northern Andes mountains of South America. It is grown and sold in New Zealand as ""New Zealand yam"" (although not a true yam), and varieties are now available in yellow, orange, apricot, and pink, as well as the traditional red-orange. The leaves of scurvy-grass sorrel (""O. enneaphylla"") were eaten by sailors travelling around Patagonia as a source of vitamin C to avoid scurvy. In India, creeping wood sorrel (""O. corniculata"") is eaten only seasonally, starting in December–January. The Bodos of north east India sometimes prepare a sour fish curry with its leaves. The leaves of"
"its natural extent), heather moorland and coastal machair. In addition to the native varieties of vascular plants there are numerous non-native introductions, now believed to make up some 43% of the species in the country. There are a variety of important trees species and specimens; a Grand Fir in Argyll is the tallest tree in the United Kingdom and the Fortingall Yew may be the oldest tree in Europe. The Arran Whitebeams, Shetland Mouse-ear and Scottish Primrose are endemic flowering plants and there are a variety of endemic mosses and lichens. Conservation of the natural environment is well developed and"
"them, often growing out of their mouths. They are found in all areas of the chapel, with one example in the Lady chapel, between the two middle altars of the east wall. Other carvings represent plants, including depictions of wheat, strawberries or lilies. The authors Robert Lomas and Christopher Knight have hypothesized that some carvings in the chapel represent ears of new world corn or maize, a plant which was unknown in Europe at the time of the chapel's construction. Knight and Lomas view these carvings as evidence supporting the idea that Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, travelled to"
"included in orchard trials by Long Ashton Research Station in 1957. This is an apple variety which originated in Coad's Green. The King Byerd is a Cornish cultivar of apple. It is a heavy cropping, large fruit, suitable for culinary or desert use. Harvested from late October. The Kea Plum is a damson-like variety deriving its name from the parish of Kea. The Cornish heath (""Erica vagans"") is found only on the Lizard and has been recognised as the floral emblem of Cornwall although it has been reported to be found in Fermanagh, according to W. Keble Martin. In recent"
"North America and parts of Australia. Cornflower is an annual plant growing to 40–90 cm tall, with grey-green branched stems. The leaves are lanceolate, 1–4 cm long. The flowers are most commonly an intense blue colour, produced in flowerheads (capitula) 1.5–3 cm diameter, with a ring of a few large, spreading ray florets surrounding a central cluster of disc florets. The blue pigment is protocyanin, which in roses is red. It flowers all summer. ""Centaurea cyanus"" is native to temperate Europe, but is widely naturalized outside its native range. It has been present in the British Isles as an archaeophyte"
"thick flesh that is associated with modern varieties of squash. ""Cucurbita argyrosperma"" has been found in the region dated to circa 1300-1500 BCE. ""C. pepo"" cultivars crookneck, acorn, and scallop squash appeared later. Other plants of the EAC include little barley (""Hordeum pusillum""), goosefoot or lambsquarters (""Chenopodium berlandieri""), erect knotweed (""Polygonum erectum""), maygrass (""Phalaris caroliniana""), sumpweed or marsh elder (""Iva annua""), and sunflower (""Helianthus annuus""). The plants are often divided into ""oily"" or ""starchy"" categories. Sunflower and sumpweed have edible seeds rich in oil. Erect knotweed and goosefoot, a leafy vegetable, are starches, as are maygrass and little barley, both"
"Craigends Yew The Craigends Yew (NS4199566134) is an ancient European layering yew (""Taxus baccata"") growing next to the River Gryffe in what were the grounds of the Craigends Estate, Houston in Renfrewshire, Scotland. Estimates put its age at around 500 to 700 years old and it is one of the largest and oldest examples of a heritage layering yew in Scotland. The Ancient Tree Inventory records the Craigends Yew as tree number 31486. Layering yews differ from the standard growth form in that their branches grow in a pendulous fashion and upon contacting the soil level they root, a process"