"drupe attached to the receptacle. In some bramble fruits (such as blackberry) the receptacle is elongated and part of the ripe fruit, making the blackberry an ""aggregate-accessory"" fruit. The strawberry is also an aggregate-accessory fruit, only one in which the seeds are contained in achenes. In all these examples, the fruit develops from a single flower with numerous pistils. A multiple fruit is one formed from a cluster of flowers (called an ""inflorescence""). Each flower produces a fruit, but these mature into a single mass. Examples are the pineapple, fig, mulberry, osage-orange, and breadfruit. In the photograph on the right,"
"the fruits cannot germinate unless the shells are broken open, and with the exception of horses and humans, no animals currently living in its native range can break open the fruits. It has been observed that domestic horses may smash the fruit with their hooves and eat the pulp and seeds (suggesting that they may serve as seed distribution vectors). Daniel Janzen suggested that gomphotheres (extinct elephant-like animals) may have previously been responsible for the dispersal of ""C. alata"" seeds. With their extinction, ""C. alata"" became threatened with the possibility of habitat loss and suffered an extremely limited ability to"
"fruit is a globular, hard, greenish nut, 4-6mm long, containing one seed. It is found on top of a short stalk, the pedicel. As the fruit develops the stalk swells to 5-6mm in diameter and turns yellow or red, to form the edible ""cherry"" (which lacks the hard stone of a European cherry). The true, seed-like fruit (actually a nut containing the seed, like the acorn) is found on the outside of the fleshy false ""fruit"" (actually a swollen pedicel), hence the original name ""Exocarpos"", from the Latin meaning ""outside fruit"". Indigenous Australias used the wood of the plant to"
"Achene An achene (; Greek ἀ, ""a"", privative + χαίνειν, ""chainein"", to gape; also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp) is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain a single seed that nearly fills the pericarp, but does not adhere to it. In many species, what is called the ""seed"" is an achene, a fruit containing the seed. The seed-like appearance is owed to the hardening of the wall of the seed-vessel, which encloses the"
"ground on stalks which then bend and push back under the ground. The fruit then grows at a depth of between . It develops a tough skin which is water-resistant, and can remain intact for months without decay. The plant grows as a trailing herb from in tropical Africa and in southern Africa. It is the only fruit (and only form of plant matter) eaten by aardvark, which normally feeds exclusively on ants and termites. Aardvarks eat the fruit for its water content, and propagate the seeds through their feces, which are then buried by the animals. Due to the"
"also collected and distributed hundreds of seeds to botanical gardens and horticultural specialists. There are 22 plants at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and it is expected these will eventually all flower and fruit. However, as the plant has very specific climatic requirements, there is only one record of fruiting in outdoor cultivation outside Venezuela and Colombia, and that is of a plant in a frost-free microclimate in northern New Zealand. Plants are remarkably slow growing, whether grown in the greenhouse or outdoors. Greenhouse-grown plants in northern Europe do not tolerate the hot summer temperatures and cold short day-length winters"
"solitary seed so closely as to seem like an outer coat. The fruits of buttercup, buckwheat, caraway and cannabis are typical achenes. The achenes of the strawberry are sometimes mistaken for seeds. The strawberry is an aggregate fruit with an aggregate of achenes, and what is eaten is accessory tissue. A rose also produces achenes. Each fruit, called a rose hip, holds a few achenes. A winged achene, such as in maple, is called a samara. Some achenes have accessory hair-like structures that cause them to tumble in the wind in a manner similar to a tumbleweed. This type sometimes"
"one locule). A special term for the Asteraceae fruit is cypsela (plural cypselae or cypselas). For example, the white-gray husks of a sunflower ""seed"" are the walls of the cypsela fruit. Many cypselas (e.g. dandelion) have calyx tissue attached that functions in biological dispersal of the seed. Achene An achene (; Greek ἀ, ""a"", privative + χαίνειν, ""chainein"", to gape; also sometimes called akene and occasionally achenium or achenocarp) is a type of simple dry fruit produced by many species of flowering plants. Achenes are monocarpellate (formed from one carpel) and indehiscent (they do not open at maturity). Achenes contain"
"Fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (also known as angiosperms) formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which angiosperms disseminate seeds. Edible fruits, in particular, have propagated with the movements of humans and animals in a symbiotic relationship as a means for seed dispersal and nutrition; in fact, humans and many animals have become dependent on fruits as a source of food. Accordingly, fruits account for a substantial fraction of the world's agricultural output, and some (such as the apple and the pomegranate) have acquired extensive cultural and symbolic meanings."
"at a time favorable for germination and growth. When the fruits open and release their seeds in a regular way, it is called dehiscent, which is often distinctive for related groups of plants; these fruits include capsules, follicles, legumes, silicles and siliques. When fruits do not open and release their seeds in a regular fashion, they are called indehiscent, which include the fruits achenes, caryopsis, nuts, samaras, and utricles. Other seeds are enclosed in fruit structures that aid wind dispersal in similar ways: Myrmecochory is the dispersal of seeds by ants. Foraging ants disperse seeds which have appendages called elaiosomes"
"The fruit is a pair of samaras (winged seeds). The seeds are globose, in diameter, the wing long. The seeds fall from the tree in autumn, where they must be exposed to 90 days of temperatures below to break their coating down. Germination of ""A. saccharum"" is slow, not taking place until the following spring when the soil has warmed and all frost danger is past. It is closely related to the black maple, which is sometimes included in this species, but sometimes separated as ""Acer nigrum"". The western American bigtooth maple (""Acer grandidentatum"") is also treated as a variety"
"Caryopsis In botany, a caryopsis (plural caryopses) is a type of simple dry fruit—one that is monocarpellate (formed from a single carpel) and indehiscent (not opening at maturity) and resembles an achene, except that in a caryopsis the pericarp is fused with the thin seed coat. The caryopsis is popularly called a grain and is the fruit typical of the family Poaceae (or Gramineae), which includes wheat, rice, and corn. The term ""grain"" is also used in a more general sense as synonymous with cereal (as in ""cereal grains"", which include some non-Poaceae). Considering that the fruit wall and the"
"and vegetables, citrus fruits being more valuable than bananas. Export quantities of fruit are not entirely comparable with production quantities, since slightly different categories are used. The top five fruit exports by weight in 2012 are shown in the table below. The top two places are again occupied by bananas and citrus. Berry (botany) In botany, a berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone produced from a single flower containing one ovary. Berries so defined include grapes, currants, and tomatoes, as well as cucumbers, eggplants (aubergines) and bananas, but exclude certain fruits commonly called berries, such as strawberries and"
"and wide, with finely toothed margins. The species is unique in the genus ""Dendrocnide"" in having monoecious inflorescences in which the few male flowers are surrounded by female flowers. The flowers are small, and once pollinated, the stalk swells to form the fruit. Fruits are juicy, mulberry-like, and are bright pink to purple. Each fruit contains a single seed on the outside of the fruit. The species is an early coloniser in rainforest gaps; seeds germinate in full sunlight after soil disturbance. Although relatively common in Queensland, the species is uncommon in its southern-most range, and is listed as an"
"Nuts, on the other hand, do not release seeds as they are a compound ovary containing both a single seed and the fruit. Nuts also do not split. In the Brazil nut, a lid on the capsule opens, but is too small to release the dozen or so seeds (the actual ""Brazil nut"" of commerce) within. These germinate inside the capsule after it falls to the ground. Capsule (fruit) In botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry, though rarely fleshy dehiscent fruit produced by many species of angiosperms (flowering plants). The capsule (Latin: ""capsula"", small box) is derived"
"outer covering of a seed is tough because the parent plant needs to protect the plant growing. Fruits are found in three main anatomical categories: simple fruits, aggregate fruits, and multiple fruits. Aggregate fruits are formed from a single compound flower and contain many ovaries or fruitlets. Examples include raspberries and blackberries. Multiple fruits are formed from the fused ovaries of multiple flowers or inflorescence. An example of multiple fruits are the fig, mulberry, and the pineapple. Simple fruit are formed from a single ovary and may contain one or many seeds. They can be either fleshy or dry. In"
"in captivity. These large parrots are one of the few animals, aside from humans, capable of cracking the shell and removing the seed. Macadamia Macadamia is a genus of four species of trees indigenous to Australia, and constituting part of the plant family Proteaceae. They are native to north eastern New South Wales and central and south eastern Queensland. Three species of the genus are commercially important for their fruit, the macadamia nut (or simply ""macadamia""), with a total global production of in 2015. Other names include Queensland nut, bush nut, maroochi nut, bauple nut, and Hawaii nut. In Australian"
"Samara (fruit) A samara (, ) is a winged achene, a type of fruit in which a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue develops from the ovary wall. A samara is a ""simple dry fruit"" and ""indehiscent"" (not opening along a seam). The shape of a samara enables the wind to carry the seed farther away than regular seeds from the parent tree, and is thus a form of anemochory. In some cases the seed is in the centre of the wing, as in the elms (genus ""Ulmus""), the hoptree (""Ptelea trifoliata""), and the bushwillows (genus ""Combretum""). In other cases"
"Berry (botany) In botany, a berry is a fleshy fruit without a stone produced from a single flower containing one ovary. Berries so defined include grapes, currants, and tomatoes, as well as cucumbers, eggplants (aubergines) and bananas, but exclude certain fruits commonly called berries, such as strawberries and raspberries. The berry is the most common type of fleshy fruit in which the entire outer layer of the ovary wall ripens into a potentially edible ""pericarp"". Berries may be formed from one or more carpels from the same flower (i.e. from a simple or a compound ovary). The seeds are usually"
"berries, but a true berry is a simple fruit produced from a single ovary, whereas a pome is an accessory fruit. Rowan is used as a food plant by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species; see Lepidoptera that feed on ""Sorbus"". The best-known species is the European rowan ""Sorbus aucuparia"", a small tree typically 4–12 m tall growing in a variety of habitats throughout northern Europe and in mountains in southern Europe and southwest Asia. Its berries are a favourite food for many birds and are a traditional wild-collected food in Britain and Scandinavia. It is one of the hardiest"
"can be found on the sea surface, thus explaining why the trees are limited in range to just two islands. ""Lodoicea"" inhabit rainforests where there are deep, well-drained soils and open exposed slopes; although growth is reduced on such eroded soils. Formerly ""Lodoicea"" was known as Maldive coconut. Its scientific name, ""Lodoicea maldivica"", originated before the 18th century when the Seychelles were uninhabited. In centuries past the coconuts that fell from the trees and ended up in the sea would be carried away eastwards by the prevailing sea currents. The nuts can only float after the germination process, when they"
"not a nut but a drupe. The outer covering or exocarp, fleshy in other members of ""Prunus"" such as the plum and cherry, is instead a thick, leathery, grey-green coat (with a downy exterior), called the hull. Inside the hull is a reticulated, hard, woody shell (like the outside of a peach pit) called the endocarp. Inside the shell is the edible seed, commonly called a nut. Generally, one seed is present, but occasionally two occur. After the fruit matures, the hull splits and separates from the shell, and an abscission layer forms between the stem and the fruit so"
"hawthorn, include the various-leaved hawthorn of the Caucasus, which is only very occasionally found in parks and gardens. The fruit of hawthorn, called haws, are edible raw but are commonly made into jellies, jams, and syrups, used to make wine, or to add flavour to brandy. Botanically they are pomes, but they look similar to berries. A haw is small and oblong, similar in size and shape to a small olive or grape, and red when ripe. Haws develop in groups of two or three along smaller branches. They are pulpy and delicate in taste. In this species (""C. monogyna"")"
"Seedless fruit A seedless fruit is a fruit developed to possess no mature seeds. As consumption of seedless fruits is generally easier and more convenient, they are considered commercially valuable. Most commercially produced seedless fruits have been developed from plants whose fruits normally contain numerous relatively large hard seeds distributed throughout the flesh of the fruit. Common varieties of seedless fruits include watermelons, tomatoes, grapes (such as Termarina rossa), and bananas. Additionally, there are numerous seedless citrus fruits, such as oranges, lemons and limes. The term ""seedless fruit"" is biologically somewhat contradictory, since fruits are usually defined botanically as mature"
"a single style; they are moderately fragrant. The flowers are pollinated by midges, bees and other insects and later in the year bear numerous ""haws"". The haw is a small, oval dark red fruit about 10 mm long, berry-like, but structurally a pome containing a single seed. Haws are important for wildlife in winter, particularly thrushes and waxwings; these birds eat the haws and disperse the seeds in their droppings. The common hawthorn is distinguished from the related but less widespread Midland hawthorn (""C. laevigata"") by its more upright growth, the leaves being deeply lobed, with spreading lobes, and in"
"flowers. The fruit is 5 to 8 millimeters long and has broad wings. This plant grows in bare scree of slate and limestone in subalpine and alpine climates. Other plants in the habitat include spreading wheatgrass (""Agropyron scribneri""), Michaux's wormwood (""Artemisia michuaxiana""), broadkeel milkvetch (""Astragalus platytropis""), dwarf alpine hawksbeard (""Crepis nana""), desert draba (""Draba arida""), dwarf mountain fleabane (""Erigeron compositus""), ballhead ipomopsis (""Ipomopsis congesta""), granite prickly phlox (""Linanthus pungens""), spike fescue (""Leucopoa kingii""), sky pilot (""Polemonium viscosum""), wax currant (""Ribes cereum""), and mountain gooseberry (""Ribes montigenum""). Cymopterus goodrichii Cymopterus goodrichii is a rare species of flowering plant in the carrot"
"has a single seed wrapped in a hard coat. When the fruits fall they separate from the dome. Germination is favored by moisture and light. ""Ocotea foetens"" is endemic to Madeira and the Canary Islands, appearing in laurel forest habitat, generally between 400 and 1400 m altitude. In the Canary Islands it is not present on Lanzarote or Fuerteventura. In the archipelago of Madeira it is absent from Porto Santo. In Azores Islands it is an introduced species. It is the only Paleoendemic ""Ocotea"" species in the wetter relict forest areas of Macaronesia. Its berries are consumed mostly by the"
"as early as 1733. The fact that an export cultivar popular in Japan is called ""Maro"" has led some people to assume mistakenly that the English name ""marrowfat"" is derived from Japanese. Pea The pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas, which can be green or yellow. Pea pods are botanically fruit, since they contain seeds and develop from the ovary of a (pea) flower. The name is also used to describe other edible seeds from the Fabaceae such as the pigeon pea (""Cajanus cajan""),"
"ovaries containing seeds. Seedless fruits can develop in one of two ways: either the fruit develops without fertilization (parthenocarpy), or pollination triggers fruit development, but the ovules or embryos abort without producing mature seeds (stenospermocarpy). Seedless banana and watermelon fruits are produced on triploid plants, whose three sets of chromosomes make it very unlikely for meiosis to successfully produce spores and gametophytes. This is because one of the three copies of each chromosome can't pair with another appropriate chromosome before separating into daughter cells, so these extra third copies end up randomly distributed between the two daughter cells from meiosis"
"Although commonly confused with a seed, in the study of botany a wheat berry is technically a simple fruit known as a caryopsis, which has the same structure as an apple. Just as an apple is a fleshy fruit that contains seeds, a grain is a dry fruit that absorbs water and contains a seed. The confusion comes from the fact that the fruit of a grass happens to have a form similar to some seeds. A fresco in the 13th-century Plaincourault Abbey in France depicts Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, flanking a Tree of Knowledge that"
"These attributes suggest a long evolutionary history under relatively stable conditions. Of the six monospecific endemic palms in Seychelles, ""Lodoicea"" is the ""only true case of island gigantism among Seychelles flowering plants, a unique feature of Seychelles vegetation"". It holds five botanical records: It produces the largest wild fruit so far recorded, weighing up to 42 kg,(although domesticated pumpkins and watermelons can be much heavier); the mature seeds weighing up to 17.6 kg are the world's heaviest, The seed upon germinating, produces the longest known cotyledon, up to four meters (13 feet). The female flowers are the largest of any"
"Pea The pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas, which can be green or yellow. Pea pods are botanically fruit, since they contain seeds and develop from the ovary of a (pea) flower. The name is also used to describe other edible seeds from the Fabaceae such as the pigeon pea (""Cajanus cajan""), the cowpea (""Vigna unguiculata""), and the seeds from several species of ""Lathyrus"". ""P. sativum"" is an annual plant, with a life cycle of one year. It is a cool-season crop grown in"
"fruits that release seeds in mid-summer. Plants are often found growing along the margins of hedges, giving rise to the old British folk name of Jack-by-the-hedge. Other common names include Garlic Mustard, garlic root, hedge garlic, sauce-alone, Jack-in-the-bush, penny hedge and poor man's mustard. The genus name ""Alliaria"", ""resembling ""Allium"""", refers to the garlic-like odor of the crushed foliage. All parts of the plant, including the roots, give off a strong odor. It is an herbaceous biennial plant growing from a deeply growing, thin, white taproot that is scented like horseradish. In the first year, plants appear as a rosette"