"cm large flowers with short petals and noticeable upper lip and lower lip. Bird pollination was documented (island populations of ""Phylloscopus""-species). The fruit is a capsule. ""Digitalis canariensis"" contains cardenolids (cardiac glycosids), which are toxic in the case of an overdose. Medical use is documented (primarily historic). For reasons of species conservation it is to refrain to influence wild stocks. ""Digitalis canariensis"" is endemic to the Canary Islands. It grows in woody areas (laurel forest, ""Erica arborea""-covered woods) of Tenerife, La Gomera and La Palma. Digitalis canariensis Digitalis canariensis is a member of the genus ""Digitalis"". It is commonly called"
"practiced as a folk herbalist in Shropshire, who used the plant as part of a polyherbal formulation containing over 20 different ingredients to successfully treat this condition. Withering deduced that Digitalis was the ""active"" ingredient in the formulation, and over the ensuing nine years he carefully tried out different preparations of various parts of the plant (collected in different seasons) documenting 156 cases where he had employed digitalis, and describing the effects and the best - and safest - way of using it. At least one of these cases was a patient for whom Erasmus Darwin had asked Withering for"
"Reading, England. Isoplexis Isoplexis is a section of 4 species of flowering plants within the genus ""Digitalis"" in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. The species of section Isoplexis differ from other plants in the genus ""Digitalis"" in that their monosymmetric (sometimes called zygomorphic) flowers have a distinctive large upper lip rather than large lower lip and the species are endemic to the Canary Islands (the species ""D. canariensis"", ""D. chalcantha"", and ""D. isabelliana"") and Madeira (""D. sceptrum""). Two ""Isoplexis"" species, ""D. canariensis"" and ""D. sceptrum"", were first described by Linnaeus in 1753 as part of the genus ""Digitalis"". Since then the"
"Digitaria Digitaria is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and warm temperate regions. Common names include crabgrass, finger-grass, and fonio. They are slender monocotyledonous annual and perennial lawn, pasture, and forage plants; some are often considered lawn pests. ""Digitus"" is the Latin word for ""finger"", and they are distinguished by the long, finger-like inflorescences they produce. ""Digitaria"" species occur in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of both hemispheres. Though some ""Digitaria"" species are weeds, others have uses, especially as food. The seeds, most notably those of fonio, can be toasted and ground into a flour,"
"Isoplexis Isoplexis is a section of 4 species of flowering plants within the genus ""Digitalis"" in the plantain family Plantaginaceae. The species of section Isoplexis differ from other plants in the genus ""Digitalis"" in that their monosymmetric (sometimes called zygomorphic) flowers have a distinctive large upper lip rather than large lower lip and the species are endemic to the Canary Islands (the species ""D. canariensis"", ""D. chalcantha"", and ""D. isabelliana"") and Madeira (""D. sceptrum""). Two ""Isoplexis"" species, ""D. canariensis"" and ""D. sceptrum"", were first described by Linnaeus in 1753 as part of the genus ""Digitalis"". Since then the section has"
"as an annual plant, crabgrass dies off in autumn and needs open conditions for its germination the following spring. Digitaria Digitaria is a genus of plants in the grass family native to tropical and warm temperate regions. Common names include crabgrass, finger-grass, and fonio. They are slender monocotyledonous annual and perennial lawn, pasture, and forage plants; some are often considered lawn pests. ""Digitus"" is the Latin word for ""finger"", and they are distinguished by the long, finger-like inflorescences they produce. ""Digitaria"" species occur in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions of both hemispheres. Though some ""Digitaria"" species are weeds, others have"
"Mother Hutton Mother Hutton was an 18th-century British pharmacist and herbalist responsible for the discovery of digitalis and its essential use in the curing of heart problems. She is sometimes referred to as Mrs. Hutton, Old mother Hutton and ""the old woman from Shropshire"". As her last name alludes, she hailed from Shropshire, England. She was a successful practitioner of general medicine but became most famous for her ability to treat heart disease, kidney troubles and dropsy. She discovered the usefulness of the foxglove plant (""Digitalis purpura"") in treating the above. She experimented with the foxglove until she worked it"
"Digitaria exilis Digitaria exilis, referred to as findi in areas of Africa, such as The Gambia, with English common names white fonio, fonio millet, and hungry rice or acha rice, is a grass species. It is the most important of a diverse group of wild and domesticated ""Digitaria"" species known as fonio that are harvested in the savannas of West Africa. The grains are very small. It has potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable use of the land. Despite its valuable characteristics and widespread cultivation, fonio has generally received limited attention research and"
"also introduced to the general audience the screw down plant press and the vasculum. In 1787 he was elected a Fellow of the Linnaean Society in recognition of his contribution to botany. Subsequently, the plant ""Witheringia solanacea"" was named in his honour, and he became known on the continent of Europe as ""The English Linnaeus"". The William Withering Chair in Medicine at the University of Birmingham Medical School is named after him, as is the medical school's annual William Withering Lecture. Withering first learned of the use of Digitalis in treating ""dropsy"" (edema) from ""Mother Hutton"", an old woman who"
"ingredient is now known as digitalis, after the plant's scientific name. In 1785, Withering published ""An Account of the Foxglove and some of its Medical Uses"", which contained reports on clinical trials and notes on digitalis's effects and toxicity. Born in England, Withering attended Edinburgh Medical School from 1762 to 1766. In 1767 he started as a consultant at Stafford Royal Infirmary. He married Helena Cookes (an amateur botanical illustrator, and erstwhile patient of his) in 1772; they had three children (the first, Helena was born in 1775 but died a few days later, William was born in 1776, and"
"Salvia digitaloides Salvia digitaloides is a herbaceous perennial shrub native to the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan, and Yunnan, first collected by Scot botanist George Forrest and named by Friedrich Ludwig Emil Diels in Germany in 1912, from Forrest's specimens. In its native habitat it grows between 7,000-11,000 ft elevation in dry shady pine forests, in east-facing scrub oak forests, and on grassy hillsides and valleys. Uncommon in horticulture, seeds have been collected and plants displayed at Quarryhill Botanical Garden in Glen Ellyn, California. The plant is used medicinally in Yunnan. ""Salvia digitaloides"" forms a 1–2 ft high and wide"
"was the property of monks, particularly Benedictine, and the purpose of those early herbals was primarily medicinal rather than plant science ""per se"". It would require the invention of the printing press (1450) to make such information more widely available. Leonhart Fuchs, a German physician and botanist is often considered the originator of Latin names for the rapidly increasing number of plants known to science. For instance he coined the name ""Digitalis"" in his ""De Historia Stirpium Commentarii Insignes"" (1542). A key event was Linnaeus’ adoption of binomial names for plant species in his ""Species Plantarum"" (1753). In the nineteenth"
"Digoxigenin Digoxigenin (DIG) is a steroid found exclusively in the flowers and leaves of the plants ""Digitalis purpurea"", ""Digitalis orientalis"" and ""Digitalis lanata"" (foxgloves), where it is attached to sugars, to form the glycosides (e.g. Lanatoside C). Digoxigenin is a hapten, a small molecule with high antigenicity, that is used in many molecular biology applications similarly to other popular haptens such as 2,4-Dinitrophenol, biotin, and fluorescein. Typically, digoxigenin is introduced chemically (conjugation) into biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids) to be detected in further assays. DIG-binding proteins. Tinberg et al. designed artificial proteins that bind DIG. Their best binder, DIG10.3, was a"
"to be economically efficient. To clean the threshed seeds winnowing machines or rotational sieves could be used. The CIRAD developed a decortication machine of the GMBF type especially for fonio. ""Digitaria exilis"" is a crop that has not been pursued for domestication worldwide, but actually has many qualities that make it a good crop candidate. ""Digitaria exilis"" is an annual plant that has a C4 metabolism and is medium in height. It can be planted alone or among other crops in the marginal land. Farmers value how quickly ""Digitaria exilis"" comes to maturation. In as little as six to eight"
"such as digitalis. ""Digitalis purpurea"", the variety of foxglove flower that is the normal source of digitalis, has become common in the area after introduction by European settlers; the foxglove variety that is native to Africa, ""Ceratotheca triloba"", resembles the poisonous plant but does not contain digitalis. In the ""Forbes"" article, David Kroll surmises that while crocodile bile is reputed by local villagers to be highly toxic, this is almost certainly false. Crocodile bile resembles mammalian bile which is universally found in the digestive tract of all higher animals. Mice experimentally fed extracts of the bile did not die, and"
"William Withering William Withering FRS (17 March 1741 – 6 October 1799) was an English botanist, geologist, chemist, physician and the discoverer of digitalis. Withering was born in Wellington, Shropshire, the son of a surgeon. He trained as a physician and studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh Medical School. He worked at Birmingham General Hospital from 1779. The story is that he noticed a person with dropsy (swelling from congestive heart failure) improve remarkably after taking a traditional herbal remedy; Withering became famous for recognising that the active ingredient in the mixture came from the foxglove plant. The active"
"his medical colleagues (and the Dean was treated with Digitalis Root not Leaves) . This myth has been created by authors not going back to primary sources but instead copying and then embellishing the work of others. See ""Withering and The Foxglove; the making of a myth"" by D.M. Krikler Br Heart J 1985 54: 256-257. Mother Hutton Mother Hutton was an 18th-century British pharmacist and herbalist responsible for the discovery of digitalis and its essential use in the curing of heart problems. She is sometimes referred to as Mrs. Hutton, Old mother Hutton and ""the old woman from Shropshire""."
"angiotensin levels and decreased sympathetic discharge, causing indirect vasodilation. Digoxin also affects the kidney by increased renal blood flow and increased glomerular filtration rate. A mild diuretic effect is seen only in heart failure. Derivatives of plants of genus ""Digitalis"" have a long history of medical use. The English physician William Withering is credited with the first published description of the use of digitalis derivatives in his 1785 book ""An Account of the Foxglove and some of its Medical Uses With Practical Remarks on Dropsy and Other Diseases"". It effects were first explained by Arthur Robertson Cushny. Charles Cullen admitted"
"Date-plum Diospyros lotus, with common names date-plum, Caucasian persimmon, or lilac persimmon, is a widely cultivated species of the genus ""Diospyros"", native to subtropical southwest Asia and southeast Europe. Its English name derives from the small fruit, which have a taste reminiscent of both plums and dates. It is among the oldest plants in cultivation. The species area extends from East Asia to the west of the Mediterranean, down to Spain. The date-plum is native to southwest Asia and southeast Europe. It was known to the ancient Greeks as ""God's fruit"" (, ""Diós pŷrós""), hence the scientific name of the"
"Digitaria sanguinalis Digitaria sanguinalis is a species of grass known by several common names, including hairy crabgrass, hairy finger-grass, large crabgrass, crab finger grass, purple crabgrass. It is one of the better-known species of the genus ""Digitaria"", and one that is known nearly worldwide as a common weed. It is used as animal fodder, and the seeds are edible and have been used as a grain in Germany and especially Poland, where it is sometimes cultivated. This has earned it the name Polish millet. It is an annual grass with an inflorescence of up to nine very long, very thin,"
"advice if their diet is lacking a certain protein or fiber. Digitaria exilis Digitaria exilis, referred to as findi in areas of Africa, such as The Gambia, with English common names white fonio, fonio millet, and hungry rice or acha rice, is a grass species. It is the most important of a diverse group of wild and domesticated ""Digitaria"" species known as fonio that are harvested in the savannas of West Africa. The grains are very small. It has potential to improve nutrition, boost food security, foster rural development and support sustainable use of the land. Despite its valuable characteristics"
"marked with yellow and violet, and appear similar in photographs, but they are quite different: those of ""grandiflora"" are much larger, last three days, and have dark spots at the base of the outer tepals, while those of ""iridioides"" are small, last only one day, and lack the spots. ""D. grandiflora"" is also a larger plant overall. Dietes Dietes is a genus of rhizomatous plants of the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1866. Common names include wood iris, Fortnight lily, African iris, Japanese iris and Butterfly iris, each of which may be used differently in different regions"
"Digitaria eriantha Digitaria eriantha, commonly known as digitgrass or Pangola-grass, is a grass grown in tropical and subtropical climates. It grows relatively well in various soils, but grows especially well in moist soils. It is tolerant to droughts, water lodging, suppresses weeds and grows relatively quickly post grazing. This grass demonstrates great potential for farmers in Africa in subtropical and tropical climates, mostly for livestock feed. ""Digitaria eriantha"" is a monocot and in the family of Poaceae. ""It is perennial, sometimes stoloniferous or tufted"". This grass grows a dense tussock with extended stolons, which are covered with hairs or without"
"allows to make : Digoxigenin Digoxigenin (DIG) is a steroid found exclusively in the flowers and leaves of the plants ""Digitalis purpurea"", ""Digitalis orientalis"" and ""Digitalis lanata"" (foxgloves), where it is attached to sugars, to form the glycosides (e.g. Lanatoside C). Digoxigenin is a hapten, a small molecule with high antigenicity, that is used in many molecular biology applications similarly to other popular haptens such as 2,4-Dinitrophenol, biotin, and fluorescein. Typically, digoxigenin is introduced chemically (conjugation) into biomolecules (proteins, nucleic acids) to be detected in further assays. DIG-binding proteins. Tinberg et al. designed artificial proteins that bind DIG. Their best"
"clump, with thick velvety looking oblong leaves that are rounded at the top and base, with the edges rolled slightly under, and with white veining on the underside. The soft yellow flowers are about 1 in long, on 6 in inflorescences, with 4-6 flowers in widely spaced whorls. The upper lip is broadly triangular, while the lower lip is longer and dusted with purple spots. The green calyx has purple veins, and every part of the plant is covered with long straight hairs. Salvia digitaloides Salvia digitaloides is a herbaceous perennial shrub native to the Chinese provinces of Guizhou, Sichuan,"
"many scientific interests, publishing ""A Botanical Materia Medica: Consisting of the Generic and Specific Characters of the Plants Used in Medicine and Diet, with Synonyms, and References to Medical Authors"" (1812) and ""Botanical Commentaries"" (1830). He died in Chesterfield on 30 April 1831 and was buried at St Mary's, Chesterfield. The plant ""Stokesia cyanea"" or ""Stokesia laevis"" (Asteraceae/Compositae) is named after him. Jonathan Stokes Jonathan Stokes (c. 1755 – 30 April 1831) was an English physician and botanist, a member of the Lunar Society of Birmingham, and an early adopter of the heart drug digitalis. Stokes was probably born in"
"digitalis plant, the broom plant, the leaves of the fraxinus, or ash tree, and the bark of the alder tree, but they rapidly faded or changed color. Only in the 16th century was a good green dye produced, by first dyeing the cloth blue with woad, and then yellow with ""Reseda luteola"", also known as yellow-weed. The pigments available to painters were more varied; monks in monasteries used verdigris, made by soaking copper in fermenting wine, to color medieval manuscripts. They also used finely-ground malachite, which made a luminous green. They used green earth colors for backgrounds. During the early"
"Diuris Diuris, commonly known as donkey orchids, is a genus of more than sixty species of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae and is endemic to Australia, apart from one species endemic to Timor. The name """"Diuris"""" refers to the hanging sepals but the common name derives from the ear-like petals common to all species. Many have mainly yellow flowers with darker markings and are thought to mimic nectar-producing flowers which open at the same time. Orchids in the genus ""Diuris"" are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs, usually with a few inconspicuous, fine roots and one or two tubers"
"undergone several changes, the addition of two more species and more importantly being moved to a separate genus, under the genus name of ""Isoplexis"" or sometimes ""Callianassa"", back and forth many times (Lindley 1821, Loudon 1829, Bentham 1835, Webb 1845, Wetstein 1891, Himmelbaeur and Zwillinger 1927, Werner 1960-1966, Heywood 1972). The position of ""Isoplexis"" as a section within ""Digitalis"" was finally proven by Carvalho in 1999 using molecular data and published by Brauchler et al. in 2004. ""Isoplexis"" species grow in woody habitats: ""D. canariensis"" in humid woodland areas and rarely in dry woodland areas, ""D. isabelliana"" in ""Pinus canariensis"""
"salty soil or water. In the USA it grows best in American Horticultural Society zones 9 to 7, which are generally found in the southern USA. Cultivars include the pink-flowerd 'Hendersonii Rubra' as well as 'Apple Blossom' and 'Snowdrift'. 'Clematis’ is the Greek name for several climbing plants, and is a diminutive of ‘klema’ means ‘vine shoot’. Named for Father Armand David (1826-1900), a Jesuit missionary and plant collector in China. Clematis armandii Clematis armandii (also called Armand clematis or evergreen clematis) is a flowering climbing plant of the genus ""Clematis"". Like many members of that genus, it is prized"
"equipped with grow lights (often LED lights) which are switched on at night to increase the amount of light the plants get, hereby increasing the yield with certain crops. The possibility of using carbon dioxide enrichment in greenhouse cultivation to enhance plant growth has been known for nearly 100 years. After the development of equipment for the controlled serial enrichment of carbon dioxide, the technique was established on a broad scale in the Netherlands. Secondary metabolites, e.g., cardiac glycosides in ""Digitalis lanata"", are produced in higher amounts by greenhouse cultivation at enhanced temperature and at enhanced carbon dioxide concentration. Carbon"
"Diuris orientis Diuris orientis, commonly called the wallflower orchid or eastern wallflower orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to eastern Australia. Like others in the genus ""Diuris"", it has two ear-like petals and is similar to the common donkey orchid (""Diuris corymbosa"") of Western Australia with which it has been confused. This species is found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania and its stalk-like petal ""claw"" is shorter in than those of ""D. corymbosa"". ""Diuris orientis"" is a tuberous, perennial, terrestrial herb, usually growing to a height of . There are up to three"
"Dianthus Dianthus is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native mainly to Europe and Asia, with a few species extending south to north Africa, and one species (""D. repens"") in arctic North America. Common names include carnation (""D. caryophyllus""), pink (""D. plumarius"" and related species) and sweet william (""D. barbatus""). The species are mostly herbaceous perennials, a few are annual or biennial, and some are low subshrubs with woody basal stems. The leaves are opposite, simple, mostly linear and often strongly glaucous grey-green to blue-green. The flowers have five petals, typically with a"