"paying a fine to the family of the deceased. Such fines traditionally were paid with cattle or goats but nowadays substantial amounts of money can be asked for. If they bury their dead family members, they would come back at some point to cleanse the stone of the burial. if someone bets his or her parents he would suffer after death of the parents due to their spirit. Shona people The Shona () are a Bantu ethnic group native to Zimbabwe and neighboring countries. The people are divided into five major clans and adjacent to other groups of very similar"
"""stone""). A second suggests that Zimbabwe is a contracted form of ""dzimba-hwe,"" which means ""venerated houses"" in the Zezuru dialect of Shona, as usually applied to the houses or graves of chiefs. The majority of scholars believe that it was built by members of the Gokomere culture, who were ancestors of modern Shona in Zimbabwe. The Great Zimbabwe area was settled by the fourth century AD. Between the fourth and the seventh centuries, communities of the Gokomere or Ziwa cultures farmed the valley, and mined and worked iron, but built no stone structures. These are the earliest Iron Age settlements"
"Shona (one of the two major languages in the country), means ""houses of stone"". Meanwhile, the white Rhodesian community was reluctant to drop the name ""Rhodesia"", hence a compromise was met. The Constitution named the new State simply as ""Zimbabwe Rhodesia"", with no reference to its status as a republic in its name. As such, it was similar in style to post-1994 South Africa renaming the Natal province as ""KwaZulu-Natal"". Although the official name contained no hyphen, the country's name was hyphenated in some foreign publications as ""Zimbabwe-Rhodesia"". The country was also nicknamed ""Rhobabwe"", a portmanteau of ""Rhodesia"" and ""Zimbabwe""."
"Javangwe, gadzijava; mushava; Javavhu. The clan name shava is a reference to the light brown colour of the eland or ""mhofu"" in Shona. The granite hill is a National Monument of Zimbabwe and has some examples of cave paintings which date back almost 6000 years. The majority of these paintings can be found in a cave which is some walk from the rock formations at the top of the hill. There is also a hole in the cave that leads to the top hill. For many years, primarily in the later 20th-century, Domboshawa was a major location of truck gardening"
"they had (and have) separate round huts for the special functions, such as kitchen and lounging around a yard (ruvanze) cleared from ground vegetation. The Shona are known for the high quality of their stone sculptures. Also traditional pottery is of a high level. Traditional textile production was expensive and of high quality. People preferred to wear skins or imported tissues. Shona traditional music, in contrast to European tradition but embedded in other African traditions, tends to constant melodies and variable rhythms. The most important instrument besides drums is the mbira. Singing is also important and families would group together"
"carved birds are from the ruined city of Great Zimbabwe, which was built by ancestors of the Shona, starting in the 11th century and inhabited for over 300 years. The ruins, after which modern Zimbabwe was named, cover some and are the largest ancient stone construction in sub-Saharan Africa. Among its notable elements are the soapstone bird sculptures, about tall and standing on columns more than tall, which were originally installed on walls and monoliths within the city. They are unique to Great Zimbabwe; nothing like them has been discovered elsewhere. Various explanations have been advanced to explain the symbolic"
"local itinerant Christian preacher, Mukaera, whose Apostolic Church he joined and he learned to read the Bible in Shona. Eventually he became village blacksmith, and also worked as a carpenter and tobacco grader. Central Zimbabwe contains the ""Great Dyke"" – a source of serpentine rocks of many types including a hard variety locally called springstone. An early pre-colonial culture of Shona peoples settled the high plateau around 900 AD and “Great Zimbabwe”, which dates from about 1250–1450 AD, was a stone-walled town showing evidence in its archaeology of skilled stone working. The walls were made of a local granite and"
"(in modern age replaced by maize), yam, beans, bananas (since middle of the first millennium), African groundnuts, and, not before the 16th century, pumpkins. Sorghum and maize are used to prepare the main dish, a thickened porridge called ""sadza"", and the traditional beer, called ""hwahwa"". The Shona also keep cattle and goats, in history partly as transhumant herders. The livestock had a special importance as a food reserve in times of drought. Already the precolonial Shona states received a great deal of their revenues from the export of mining products, especially gold and copper. In their traditional homes, called ""musha"","
"name is derived from one of two possible terms: the Shona (""dzimba dza mabwe"" or ""great stone houses"") or Kalanga (""Nzi we mabwe"" or ""Homestead of Stone""). Although the Kingdom of Zimbabwe was formally established during the medieval period, archaeological excavations in the region suggest that state formation here was considerably more ancient. In the early 11th century, people from the Kingdom of Mapungubwe in Southern Africa are believed to have settled on the Zimbabwe plateau. There, they would establish the Kingdom of Zimbabwe around 1220. 16th century records left by the explorer João de Barros indicate that Great Zimbabwe"
"has been widely used by the Northern Sotho people of the area to refer to the name of this place and was adopted by Afrikaner colonisers as Tzaneen. Nonetheless, the name 'Tzaneen' is given by the Afrikaner people, and the Tlou tribe, under Makgoba, rightfully named the place 'Tsaneng' because it is today a place where Northern Sotho, Tsonga, Afrikaner, English and other people 'gather', thus fulfilling the name. Tzaneen is Limpopo's paradise and it has been nicknamed 'Land of Silver Mist' because of the frequent mist that occur on the mountains above it. It is located in lush, tropical"
"from all over Mthwakazi territory, including notably Mambo of the Kalanga and Mzilikazi. Before Mzilikazi came in to settle in this ""unnamed"" land, the Portuguese were the first to arrive and they traded for ivory with the Shona groups in the Mutapa Kingdom. These Shona groups built stone structures such as khami and the great Zimbabwe ruins. The ethnics groups which were found in this ""unnamed"" area are the Kalanga, Venda, Xhosa, Sotho, Nambya, Tonga and the Karanga, Zezuru, Korekore, Ndau and Manyika (made up the eastern Shona dialects). The kingdom united the Kalanga tribe, the Wewuska tribe, the Ngsma"
"Songo Mnara On the Swahili Coast in southern Tanzania lie the ruins of a stone town known as Songo Mnara. The stone town was occupied from the 14th to 16th centuries. Songo Mnara has been recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with nearby stone town Kilwa Kisiwani. In total, archaeologists have found six mosques, four cemeteries, and two dozen house blocks along with three enclosed open spaces on the island. Songo Mnara was constructed from rough-coral and mortar. This stonetown was built as one of many trade towns on the Indian Ocean. Archaeologists have been analyzing the layout"
"Athi house (formerly Rhodes house); Baringo house (formerly Hawke house); Elgon house (formerly Clive house); Kirinyaga house (formerly Grigg house); Marsabit (formerly Scott house); Naivasha house (formerly known as Fletcher house); Serengeti house (formerly known as Nicholson house) and Tana house (formerly junior house ). The name changes, reflecting geographical areas in Kenya, were adopted in 1975 as part of a deliberate policy of Africanisation. The administration block was used as the setting for the Government House in the Oscar-winning movie ""Out of Africa"", based on a book with the same title by the Danish writer Karen Blixen. 'Old Boys'"
"House of Wonders The House of Wonders or Palace of Wonders (in Arabic: Beit-al-Ajaib, بيت العجايب) is a landmark building in Stone Town, Zanzibar. It is the largest and tallest building of Stone Town and occupies a prominent place facing the Forodhani Gardens on the old town's seafront, in Mizingani Road. It is located between the Old Fort and the Palace Museum (and former Sultan's Palace). It is one of six palaces built by Barghash bin Said, second Sultan of Zanzibar, and it is said to be located on the site of the 17th-century palace of Zanzibari queen Fatuma. The"
"Ezana's Stele. Later, during the Zagwe Dynasty Churches carved out of solid rocks like Church of Saint George at Lalibela. In southern Africa one finds ancient and widespread traditions of building in stone. Two broad categories of these traditions have been noted: 1. Zimbabwean style 2. Transvaal Free State style. North of the Zambezi one finds very few stone ruins. Great Zimbabwe, Khami, and Thulamela uses the Zimbabwean style. Tsotho/Tswana architecture represents the Transvaal Free State style. ||Khauxa!nas stone settlement in Namibia represents both traditions. The Kingdom of Mapungubwe (1075–1220) was a pre-colonial Southern African state located at the confluence"
"Africa and was the center of an empire, consolidating lesser Shona polities. Stone building was inherited from Mapungubwe. These building techniques were enhanced and came into maturity at Great Zimbabwe, represented by the wall of the Great Enclosure. The dry-stack stone masonry technology was also used to build smaller compounds in the area. Great Zimbabwe flourished by trading with Swahili Kilwa and Sofala. The rise of Great Zimbabwe parallels the rise of Kilwa. Great Zimbabwe was a major source of gold. Its royal court lived in luxury, wore Indian cotton, surrounded themselves with copper and gold ornaments, and ate on"
"Shona) and Karanga (Western Shona), but speakers of those languages prefer their distinct identities and usually reject any connection to the term Shona. Shona is the most spoken Bantu language in Southern Africa by the criterion of number of native speakers. According to ""Ethnologue"", Shona, comprising the Karanga, Zezuru and Korekore dialects, is spoken by about 10.8 million people. The Manyika and Ndau dialects of Shona are listed separately by ""Ethnologue"", and are spoken by 1,025,000 and 2,380,000 people, respectively. The total figure of Shona speakers is then about 14.2 million people. Zulu is the second most widely spoken Bantu"
"its founding in the early 1960s). Societies speaking proto-Shona languages first emerged in the middle Limpopo valley in the 9th century before moving on to the Zimbabwean highlands. The Zimbabwean plateau eventually became the centre of subsequent Shona states, beginning around the 10th century. Around the early 10th century, trade developed with Arab merchants on the Indian Ocean coast, helping to develop the Kingdom of Mapungubwe in the 11th century. This was the precursor to the more impressive Shona civilisations that would dominate the region during the 13th to 15th centuries, evidenced by ruins at Great Zimbabwe, near Masvingo, and"
"18. Magwasha/Enock 19. Nhova 20. Tavengwa 21. Takawira 22. Chandidzora/Mereki. Kadungure Mapondera Chief Kadungure Mapondera helped to lead the Shona people of Southern Africa against British colonial forces in the 1890s. He eventually surrendered to his enemies and was tried and sentenced to imprisonment. Son of Nyahunzvi and his wife Mwera, Nyahunzvi son of Zhengeni, Zhenjeni son of Chiwodza (Chiwodzamamera) who became first Chief Negomo. Chiwodza was son of Mugumu (Kanogumura),a descendant of the Rozvi Dynasty of Zimbabwe from early 1690s, and his wife Chimoyo, sister of Gwangwadza and children of Chiumbe of Nehoreka dynasty. Mugumu's brother was Kuredzamuswe. The"
"Mombasa Island. Importantly, both of these names have linguistic and spiritual connections with Central Africa. ""Mkisi"" is considered the personification of ""ukisi"" which means ""the holy"" in kiKongo. ""Kongowea"" can similarly be interpreted as the Swahili locative of ""kongo"" which denotes the essence of civilizational order in central Africa. These legends can be read as an acknowledgment of the Bantu-speaking origins of the Swahili people. Shehe Mvita superseded the dynasty of Mwana Mkisi and established the first permanent stone mosque on Mombasa Island. Mombasa's oldest extant stone mosque, Mnara, was built c. 1300. Shehe Mvita is remembered as a Muslim"
"stone, haematite, sisal, coconut shell, beads and ebony wood. Sculptures can be wooden, ceramic or carved out of stone like the famous Shona sculptures, and decorated or sculpted pottery comes from many regions. Various forms of textiles are made including chitenge, mud cloth and kente cloth. Mosaics made of butterfly wings or colored sand are popular in west Africa. The Traditional African religions had been influential in African art. The very nature of African art stem from their themes of religious symbolism, functionalism and utilitarianism. In the various Traditional African beliefs, Africans draw from their artistic traditions as sources of"
"Shava Totem Shava is a totem name variant of Mhofu/Mpofu, which is the name of the Eland that is common in Southern Africa. The meanings attached to Shava include the fairness of the skin, resembling the colors of the Eland, or becoming self-sufficient such as by hunting or fishing. Shava is associated with the Vahera tribe, descendants of Mbiru, who lived at Gombe Hill in present-day Buhera, East of Zimbabwe. The Vahera are Shona, a collective name of many tribes who lived in present-day Zimbabwe before Mzilikazi settled there with his Ndebele people. The Ndebele use the name Mpofu in"
"and sing traditional songs. The term Shona is as recent as the 1920s. The Karanga, from the 11th century, created empires and states on the Zimbabwe plateau. These states include the Great Zimbabwe state (12-16th century), the Torwa State, and the Munhumutapa states, which succeeded the Great Zimbabwe state as well as the Rozwi state, which succeeded the Torwa State, and with the Mutapa state existed into the 19th century. The states were based on kingship with certain dynasties being royals. The major dynasties were the Rozwi of the Moyo (Heart) Totem, the Elephant (of the Mutapa state), and the"
"Mavuradona, Zimbabwe Mavuradona (""Mvuradona"") is a wilderness area in Northern Zimbabwe. The name is Shona, roughly translating as 'Land of Falling Water' or simply 'water falls'. The area, lying north of Centenary on the Zambezi Escarpment, is relatively unknown. Characterised by rugged mountainous hills and miombo woodland, the wild landscape was a main theatre of conflict during the war. Declared a game reserve in 1988, its protected status has lured wildlife back. Antelope include sable, eland, kudu, waterbuck and impala. Elephant roam the area, baboon, warthog, zebra and leopard are common and lion are occasionally seen. The 290 species of"
"of the word ""ibwe,"" which means stone or rock in Shona language. Mapungubwe, in this respect, means the 'rocks of the bateleur eagles'—an indication that there were many bateleurs in the area or location. Chapungu Village in Harare, Zimbabwe's capital, which showcases the country's arts and sculpture traditions, is a tribute to the spirit of the bateleur, a bird which has deep religious connotations in Shona culture.The word Mapungubwe may also have originated from the Shona word ""mhungu"" which means ""black mamba"", the plural of mhungu is ""mapungu"". Mapungubwe is then a diminutive for ""ibwe re mapungu"" which refers to"
"mining venture between De Beers and the Botswana government. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) has its headquarters in Gaborone; the organization was formed in 1980 to increase economic cooperation among its members and reduce dependence on South Africa. Several international companies have invested in the city: Hyundai, SABMiller, Daewoo, Volvo, and Siemens. Orapa House, owned by Debswana, is where the diamonds mined from Debswana are sorted and valued. Orapa House is located at the intersection of Khama Crescent and Nelson Mandela Drive. It has a unique style of architecture that allows the perfect amount of indirect sunlight to shine"
"who claim descent from the ancient Jews via Sena in Yemen, this belief however is due to Christian influence. The modern descendants of the waRozwi are called the baRotse tribe. Gokomere also refers to a school located close to the town of Masvingo. They speak the Karanga language and second languages like English in Zimbabwe and Sena, Ndau dialect of Shona, and Portuguese in Mozambique. Gokomere Gokomere is a place in Zimbabwe, sixteen kilometers from Masvingo known for its rock art dating from 300 to 650 AD. The ancient Bantu people who inhabited the area of Great Zimbabwe around the"
"move the audiences who visited the house with his performance. Many public personalities visit the House of Slaves, which plays the role of a site of memory of slavery. In June 2013, President of the United States Barack Obama visited the House of Slaves. The island of Gorée was one of the first places in Africa to be settled by Europeans, as the Portuguese settled on the island in 1444. It was captured by the United Netherlands in 1588, then the Portuguese again, and again the Dutch. They named it after the Dutch island of , before the British took"
"Legends of Africa The Legends of Africa reflects a wide-ranging series of kings, queens, chiefs and other leaders from across the African continent including Mali, Benin, Ghana, Nigeria, Congo, Ethiopia and Eritrea. Shango was the fourth king of the Oyo clan in Yorubaland who brought prosperity to the Empire he inherited. Many stories have been told about him, and several myths surround him. He stands as the cornerstone of many Afro-Caribbean religions. In the Yoruba religion, Shango (Xangô or Changó in Latin America), is perhaps the most popular Orisha. He is the orisha of thunder and one of the principal"
"with Fula names (Diallo, Diakite, Sangare, Sidibe) who display Fula cultural characteristics, but only speak the language of the Maninka or Bamana. The Songhay are not an ethnic or a linguistic group but one that traces its history to the Songhai Empire and inhabits the great bend of the mid River Niger. Vieux Farka Toure, son of Ali Farka Toure, has gained popularity after playing in front of an estimated 1 billion viewers worldwide at the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. He has also been called, ""the Hendrix of the Sahara"", since his music explores the affinity between"
"White minority rule had recently ended in Rhodesia/Zimbabwe, and many believed that Zimbabwe would become a prosperous western-style democracy. Over time it was recognized that 'House of Stone' was indeed a fitting name, given the structure's craggy exterior and oft stoned inhabitants, and was accepted by the USCA. In the spring of 2001, the residents voted during house council to change the house name to Krackistan (though this has never been recognized by anyone outside of the house). Casa Zimbabwe closed December 19, 2006 in order to perform major seismic retrofitting work. The house reopened August 23, 2007. The residents"
"various economic challenges. Grades 6 and 7 participated in the program. Shona language is the favorite here because of the inspiration by one of Zimbabwe's leading Shona-novelists, Morgan Mahanya who lives only about a kilometre northwest of the school. Totororo Secondary School Totororo Secondary School is a school in Empress Mine Ward of Kwekwe District in the Midlands Province of Zimbabwe. Totororo is a Shona dialect for the Ndebele name Totololo. Some of the earliest settlers here in the early twentieth century were the Mathe-Mbalekelwa family who came from Silobela in search for greener pastures for their cattle. These people"
"and Zezuru. Standard Shona is derived from the Central Shona dialects, especially Karanga and Zezuru. According to Ethnologue, Shona is spoken by roughly 10.8 million people, making it the most widely spoken Bantu language of Zimbabwe. The Manyika and Ndau dialects are listed separately by Ethnologue, and are spoken by around 1 million and 2.4 million people, respectively. When Manyika and Ndau is the total, Shona is spoken by over 14 million people. The Northern Ndebele language, known in Zimbabwe as simply Ndebele, is an Nguni Bantu language spoken by the Northern Ndebele people of Zimbabwe's Matabeleland region. The Ndebele"