"campaigns are largely fictional. In the archaeological community, the Battle of Jericho has been thoroughly studied, and the consensus of modern scholars is the battles described in the Book of Joshua are not realistic, are not supported by the archeological record, and are not consistent with other texts in the Bible; for example, the Book of Joshua describes the extermination of the Canaanite tribes, yet at a later time Judges 1:1-2:5 suggests that the extermination was not complete. Historian Paul Copan and philosopher Matthew Flannagan say the violent texts of ""ḥerem"" warfare are ""hagiographic hyperbole"", a kind of historical writing"
"Book of Lamentations The Book of Lamentations (, ""‘Êykhôh"", from its incipit meaning ""how"") is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem. In the Hebrew Bible it appears in the Ketuvim (""Writings""), beside the Song of Songs, Book of Ruth, Ecclesiastes and the Book of Esther (the Megilloth or ""Five Scrolls""), although there is no set order; in the Christian Old Testament it follows the Book of Jeremiah, as the prophet Jeremiah is its traditional author. Jeremiah's authorship is no longer generally accepted, although it is generally accepted that the destruction of Jerusalem by Babylon in 586"
"Bethel), Tel ed-Duweir, (identified as Lachish), Hazor, and Jericho. However, flaws in the conquest narrative appeared. The most high-profile example was the ""fall of Jericho"", excavated by John Garstang in the 1930s. Garstang originally announced that he had found fallen walls dating to the time of the biblical Battle of Jericho, but later revised the destruction to a much earlier period. Kathleen Kenyon dated the destruction of the walled city to the middle of the 16th century ( 1550 BCE), too early to match the usual dating of the Exodus to Pharaoh Ramses, on the basis of her excavations in"
"fall to the Israelites as they began their conquest of the Promised Land - an event which the Bible's internal chronology places at around 1406 BC, based on the early 15th century BC exodus-conquest model. This is based on . During a series of excavations from 1930 to 1936 John Garstang found a destruction layer at Jericho corresponding to the termination of City IV which he identified with the biblical story of Joshua and dated to c. 1400 BC. It was therefore a shock when Kathleen Kenyon in the 1950s, using more scientific methods than had been available to Garstang,"
"Book of Joshua The Book of Joshua ( """") is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible (the Christian Old Testament) and the first book of the Deuteronomistic history, the story of Israel from the conquest of Canaan to the Babylonian exile. It tells of the campaigns of the Israelites in central, southern and northern Canaan, the destruction of their enemies, and the division of the land among the Twelve Tribes, framed by two set-piece speeches, the first by God commanding the conquest of the land, and, at the end, the last by Joshua warning of the need for faithful"
"Jeremiah 39 Jeremiah 39 is the thirty-ninth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 46 in Septuagint. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Jeremiah, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter records the fall of Jerusalem, Jeremiah 39:1-10; and Jeremiah's fate, Jeremiah 39:11-18. A part of a narrative section consisting of Jeremiah chapters 37-44. Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language: Ancient translations in Koine Greek: NKJV groups this chapter into: Cross reference:"
"described in Zechariah revealed ""no direct or indirect evidence that Jerusalem was damaged."" Amos 1 Amos 1 is the first chapter of the Book of Amos in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Amos, especially God's judgments on Syria, Philistia, Tyre, Edom, and Ammon. It is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets. Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language: Ancient translations in Koine Greek: NKJV groups this chapter into: Cross reference: Research by Creationist geology professor Steven A. Austin"
"critical edition (1957) in ""Göttingen LXX"". ""Swete's Introduction"" mostly agrees with Rahlfs edition (=CATSS). Jeremiah 34 Jeremiah 34 is the thirty-fourth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 41 in Septuagint. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Jeremiah, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter contains a record of the final moments in the assault of Babylonian army against Jerusalem, when Jeremiah foretold the destruction of the city and the captivity of Zedekiah (Jeremiah 34:1-7), and"
"or Protestant bibles (the Letter of Jeremiah appears in Catholic bibles as the sixth chapter of Baruch). Jeremiah is mentioned by name in Chronicles and the Book of Ezra, both dating from the later Persian period, and his prophecy that the Babylonian exile would last 70 years was taken up and reapplied by the author of the Book of Daniel in the 2nd century BCE. The understanding of the early Christians that Jesus represented a ""new covenant"" (see 1 Corinthians 11:25 and Hebrews 8:6–13) is based on Jeremiah 31:31–34, in which a future Israel will repent and give God the"
"Jeremiah 34 Jeremiah 34 is the thirty-fourth chapter of the Book of Jeremiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. It is numbered as Jeremiah 41 in Septuagint. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Jeremiah, and is a part of the Books of the Prophets. This chapter contains a record of the final moments in the assault of Babylonian army against Jerusalem, when Jeremiah foretold the destruction of the city and the captivity of Zedekiah (Jeremiah 34:1-7), and sharply criticized the treacherous dealings of the princes and people with the slaves that"
"Mark 13 Mark 13 is the thirteenth chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It contains Jesus' predictions of the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem and disaster for Judea, as well as his eschatological discourse. The New King James Version organizes this chapter as follows: After his teachings in the previous chapter, all set in the Temple courts, Jesus finishes his teaching in the Temple for the day and leaves. On his way out of the Temple an unnamed disciple remarks how extensive the Temple (Herod's Temple) is. The buildings might have"
"the Ark compassed the city seven times and, with a great shout, Jericho's wall fell down flat and the people took the city. After the defeat at Ai, Joshua lamented before the Ark. When Joshua read the Law to the people between Mount Gerizim and Mount Ebal, they stood on each side of the Ark. We next hear of the Ark in Bethel where it was being cared for by the priest Phineas the grandson of Aaron (where 'Bethel' is translated 'the House of God' in the King James Version). According to this verse it was consulted by the people"
"any preparation or Operating Manual to tell them how to navigate when the walls tumble and the doors of perception fly open, leaving the brain suddenly free of the limits of ""mind"". The title refers not only to the walls of Jericho in the Bible story but also to the tunnel-walls of the labyrinth of Minos in the Greek myth, which hid Theseus and the Minotaur from each other before their final confrontation. It also refers to the Leary-Wilson reality-tunnels. The plot revolves around three characters, Michael, Simon, and Cathy. The Walls Came Tumbling Down The Walls Came Tumbling Down"
"Book of Nehemiah The Book of Nehemiah has been, since the 16th century, a separate book of the Hebrew Bible. Before that date, it had been included in the Book of Ezra; but in Latin Christian bibles from the 13th century onwards, the Books of Ezra and Nehemiah become separated; a separation that became canonised with the first printed bibles in Hebrew and Latin. Told largely in the form of a first-person memoir, it concerns the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem by Nehemiah, a Jew who is a high official at the Persian court, and the dedication of the"
"style and tradition from those at the end of the verse: they stoned them with stones"" (emphasis added). Achan (biblical figure) Achan (; ), the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, is a figure who appears in the Book of Joshua in the Hebrew Bible in connection with the fall of Jericho and conquest of Ai. His name is given as Achar in . According to the narrative of Joshua chapter 7, Achan pillaged an ingot of gold, a quantity of silver, and a ""beautiful Babylonian garment"" from Jericho, in"
"the twelfth hour of the Good Friday service, that commemorates the burial of Jesus. Book of Lamentations The Book of Lamentations (, ""‘Êykhôh"", from its incipit meaning ""how"") is a collection of poetic laments for the destruction of Jerusalem. In the Hebrew Bible it appears in the Ketuvim (""Writings""), beside the Song of Songs, Book of Ruth, Ecclesiastes and the Book of Esther (the Megilloth or ""Five Scrolls""), although there is no set order; in the Christian Old Testament it follows the Book of Jeremiah, as the prophet Jeremiah is its traditional author. Jeremiah's authorship is no longer generally accepted,"
"paradigm of how Israel was to live there: twelve tribes, with a designated leader, united by covenant in warfare and in worship of Yahweh alone at a single sanctuary, all in obedience to the commands of Moses as found in the Book of Deuteronomy. The Book of Joshua takes forward Deuteronomy's theme of Israel as a single people worshipping Yahweh in the land God has given them. Yahweh, as the main character in the book, takes the initiative in conquering the land, and Yahweh's power wins the battles. For example, the walls of Jericho fall because Yahweh fights for Israel,"
"for six days with the priests and the Ark of the Covenant. On the seventh day they marched seven times around the walls, then the priests blew their ram's horns, the Israelites raised a great shout, and the walls of the city fell. Following God's law of herem the Israelites took no slaves or plunder but slaughtered every man, woman and child in Jericho, sparing only Rahab, a Canaanite prostitute who had sheltered the spies, and her family. In 1868, Charles Warren identified Tell es-Sultan as the site of Jericho. In 1930–36, John Garstang conducted excavations there and discovered the"
"early form of Joshua written late in the reign of King Josiah (reigned 640–609 BCE), and the book was revised and completed after the fall of Jerusalem to the Babylonians in 586, and possibly after the return from the Babylonian exile in 538. The combination of archaeological evidence and analysis of the composition history and theological purposes of the Book of Joshua led archaeologist William G. Dever to deem the biblical story of the fall of Jericho as ""[not] founded on genuine historical sources"" and ""invented out of whole cloth."" Battle of Jericho In the narrative of the conquest of"
"remains of a network of collapsed walls which he dated to about 1400 BCE. Kathleen Kenyon re-excavated the site over 1952–1958 and demonstrated that the destruction occurred c.1500 BCE during a well-attested Egyptian campaign of that period, and that Jericho had been deserted throughout the mid-late 13th century BCE. Kenyon's work was corroborated in 1995 by radiocarbon tests which dated the destruction level to the late 17th or 16th centuries. A small unwalled settlement was rebuilt in the 15th century, but the tell was unoccupied from the late 15th century until the 10th/9th centuries. Most scholars agree that the book"
"Matthew 24 Matthew 24 is the twenty-fourth chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records the Olivet Discourse spoken by Jesus Christ and his prediction of the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Matthew the Apostle composed this Gospel. The New King James Version organises this chapter as follows (with cross references to passages in the other gospels): In the preceding chapters, Jesus has been teaching in the Temple and debating with the Pharisees, Herodians and Sadducees. Jesus"
"Matthew 19 Matthew 19 is the nineteenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Matthew composed this Gospel. Jesus continues his final journey to Jerusalem ministering through Perea. The narrative can be divided into the following subsections: This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): The events recorded in this chapter took place in Galilee and Judea beyond the Jordan (Perea), before Jesus and his party later enter Jericho, on their way"
"Matthew 19 Matthew 19 is the nineteenth chapter in the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament section of the Christian Bible. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that Matthew composed this Gospel. Jesus continues his final journey to Jerusalem ministering through Perea. The narrative can be divided into the following subsections: This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): The events recorded in this chapter took place in Galilee and Judea beyond the Jordan (Perea), before Jesus and his party later enter Jericho, on their way"
"from the early 4th century BC; further editing continued well into the following centuries. Book of Nehemiah The Book of Nehemiah has been, since the 16th century, a separate book of the Hebrew Bible. Before that date, it had been included in the Book of Ezra; but in Latin Christian bibles from the 13th century onwards, the Books of Ezra and Nehemiah become separated; a separation that became canonised with the first printed bibles in Hebrew and Latin. Told largely in the form of a first-person memoir, it concerns the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem by Nehemiah, a Jew"
"Joel 2 Joel 2 is the second chapter of the Book of Joel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Joel, and is a part of the Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets. Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter in Hebrew language: Ancient translations in Koine Greek: NKJV groups this chapter (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): Cross reference: Exact identity of these locusts is unknown. Cross reference for verse 28-32: On the day of Pentecost, 50 days after the resurrection of"
"John 11 John 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Gospel of John in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It records the raising of Lazarus from the dead, a miracle of Jesus Christ and subsequent development of the plot against Jesus. The book containing this chapter is anonymous, but early Christian tradition uniformly affirmed that John composed this Gospel. Events recorded in this chapter refer to the following locations: The New King James Version organises this chapter as follows: Chapter 10 ended with Jesus leaving Jerusalem as the Jews threatened to stone him, and travelling to the east"
"ivory ... eat lambs from the flock and calves ... [and] sing idle songs ..."" (Amos vi. 4-5). The book of Kings, written a century, later condemns Jeroboam for doing ""evil in the eyes of the Lord"", meaning both the oppression of the poor and his continuing support of the cult centres of Dan and Bethel, in opposition to the temple in Jerusalem. A major earthquake had occurred in Israel c. 760 BC, which may have been during the time of Jeroboam II, towards the end of his rule. This earthquake is mentioned in the Book of Amos as having"
"God appointed Joshua to succeed Moses as leader of the Israelites along with giving him a blessing of invincibility during his lifetime (Joshua 1:5). The first part of the book of Joshua covers the period when he led the conquest of Canaan. At the Jordan River, the waters parted, as they had for Moses at the Red Sea. The first battle after the crossing of the Jordan was the Battle of Jericho. Joshua led the destruction of Jericho, then moved on to Ai, a small neighboring city to the west. However, they were defeated with thirty-six Israelite deaths. The defeat"
"Gregor Meyer, Choir of Leipzig Gewandhaus. Notes Sources Die Zerstörung Jerusalems (oratorio) Die Zerstörung Jerusalems (German: ""The Destruction of Jerusalem""), (Op. 24), is an 1840 oratorio by Ferdinand Hiller to a libretto by Salomon Steinheim largely based on biblical texts from the Book of Jeremiah and the Psalms. The oratorio deals with the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II in 587 BC. There are solo roles for the prophet Jeremiah (baritone), King Zedekiah (tenor), and for the non-historical characters of Chamital, Zedekiah's mother (soprano), Achicam, a pious Jew (tenor), and Hanna, Achicam's sister (mezzo-soprano). Steinheim's libretto is largely based on"
"the sheep and cattle, the fat calves and lambs—everything that was good."" For this, Saul is rebuked by Samuel, who reminds him that God had commanded him to ""completely destroy"" the Amalekites (verse 15). Samuel ""hacked Agag to pieces"" himself (verse 33, ESV). Most scholars conclude that the biblical accounts of extermination are exaggerated, fictional, or metaphorical. In the archaeological community, the Battle of Jericho is very thoroughly studied, and the consensus of modern scholars is that the story of battle and the associated extermination are a pious fiction and did not happen as described in the Book of Joshua."
"is to explain the disaster as God's response to Israel's pagan worship: the people, says Jeremiah, are like an unfaithful wife and rebellious children: their infidelity and rebelliousness make judgement inevitable, although restoration and a new covenant are foreshadowed. It is difficult to discern any structure in Jeremiah, probably because the book had such a long and complex composition history. It can be divided into roughly 6 sections: The background to Jeremiah is briefly described in the superscription to the book: Jeremiah began his prophetic mission in the thirteenth year of king Josiah (about 627 BC) and finished in the"
"Die Zerstörung Jerusalems (oratorio) Die Zerstörung Jerusalems (German: ""The Destruction of Jerusalem""), (Op. 24), is an 1840 oratorio by Ferdinand Hiller to a libretto by Salomon Steinheim largely based on biblical texts from the Book of Jeremiah and the Psalms. The oratorio deals with the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar II in 587 BC. There are solo roles for the prophet Jeremiah (baritone), King Zedekiah (tenor), and for the non-historical characters of Chamital, Zedekiah's mother (soprano), Achicam, a pious Jew (tenor), and Hanna, Achicam's sister (mezzo-soprano). Steinheim's libretto is largely based on Martin Luther's translation of the Bible into German."
"These events represent the final section in the historical narrative of the Hebrew Bible. The original core of the book of Nehemiah, the first-person memoir, may have been combined with the core of the Book of Ezra around 400 BCE. Further editing probably continued into the Hellenistic era. The book tells how Nehemiah, at the court of the king in Susa, is informed that Jerusalem is without walls and resolves to restore them. The king appoints him as governor of the province Yehud Medinata and he travels to Jerusalem. There he rebuilds the walls, despite the opposition of Israel's enemies,"