What is the English name for the Japanese Parliament?
"Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament The Petition Movement for the Establishment of a Taiwanese Parliament (or alternatively translated ... Taiwan Representative Assembly, Taiwan Parliament Petition League Movement) took place in the first half of the twentieth century. It demanded that the Imperial Diet of Japan establish a self-governing parliament, or representative assembly, in Taiwan. Started by New People Society of Taiwan, this movement marked a transition in Taiwanese colonial politics, from armed resistance to modern political movement. It was the longest political movement during the Japanese occupation period of Taiwan.. The movement was led by Lin"
"House of Councillors (Japan) The is the upper house of the National Diet of Japan. The House of Representatives is the lower house. The House of Councillors is the successor to the pre-war House of Peers. If the two houses disagree on matters of the budget, treaties, or designation of the prime minister, the House of Representatives can insist on its decision. In other decisions, the House of Representatives can override a vote of the House of Councillors only by a two-thirds majority of members present. The House of Councillors has 242 members who each serve six-year terms, two years"
"in the lower house and 125 seats in the upper house. The Prime Minister of Japan is the head of government and is appointed by the Emperor after being designated by the Diet from among its members. The Prime Minister is the head of the Cabinet, and appoints and dismisses the Ministers of State. Following the LDP's landslide victory in the 2012 general election, Shinzō Abe replaced Yoshihiko Noda as the Prime Minister on December 26, 2012. Historically influenced by Chinese law, the Japanese legal system developed independently during the Edo period through texts such as ""Kujikata Osadamegaki"". However, since"
"bills, and each house has the right to compel the appearance of Cabinet members. Japan's first modern legislature was the established by the Meiji Constitution in force from 1889 to 1947. The Meiji Constitution was adopted on February 11, 1889 and the Imperial Diet first met on November 29, 1890 when the document entered into operation. The Diet consisted of a House of Representatives and a . The House of Representatives was directly elected, if on a limited franchise; universal adult male suffrage was introduced in 1925. The House of Peers, much like the British House of Lords, consisted of"
"House of Representatives (Japan) The is the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors is the upper house. The House of Representatives has 465 members, elected for a four-year term. Of these, 176 members are elected from 11 multi-member constituencies by a party-list system of proportional representation, and 289 are elected from single-member constituencies. 233 seats are required for a majority. The overall voting system used to elect the House of Representatives is a parallel system, a form of semi-proportional representation. Under a parallel system the allocation of list seats does not take into account"
"shout the Three Cheers of Banzai (萬歲). The House of Councillors of Japan (参議院) is the Upper house, with half the members of the house being elected once every three years, for a six-year term. As of November 18, 2017, it has 242 members. Of these, 73 are elected from the 47 prefectural districts, by single non-transferable votes, and 48 are elected from a nationwide list by proportional representation with open lists. The House of Councillors cannot be dissolved by the Prime Minister. Members of the house must be of Japanese nationality; those aged 18 years and older may vote,"
"2016 Japanese House of Councillors election The 24th regular election of members of the House of Councillors (""dai-nijūyon-kai Sangiin giin tsūjō senkyo"", 第24回参議院議員通常選挙) was held on Sunday 10 July 2016 to elect 121 of the 242 members of the House of Councillors, the upper house of the 717-member bicameral National Diet of Japan, for a term of six years. As a result of the election, the LDP/Komeito coalition gained ten seats for a total of 146 (60.3% of all seats in the house), the largest coalition achieved since the size of the house was set at 242 seats. 76 members"
"with the Emperor) passed the postwar constitution which took effect in 1947. In the National Diet, the House of Peers would be replaced by an elected upper house, the House of Councillors, and the House of Representatives is now able to override the upper house in important matters. The constitution also gave the Diet exclusive legislative authority (without the Emperor) and explicitly made the cabinet responsible to and the prime minister elected by the Diet. House of Representatives (Japan) The is the lower house of the National Diet of Japan. The House of Councillors is the upper house. The House"
"National Diet, signed by the Ministers of State, countersigned by the Prime Minister, and then finally promulgated by the Emperor; however, without specifically giving the Emperor the power to oppose legislation. The House of Representatives of Japan (衆議院) is the Lower house, with the members of the house being elected once every four years, or when dissolved, for a four-year term. As of November 18, 2017, it has 465 members. Of these, 176 members are elected from 11 multi-member constituencies by a party-list system of proportional representation, and 289 are elected from single-member constituencies. 233 seats are required for majority."
"Politics of Japan The politics of Japan are conducted in a framework of a multi-party bicameral parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy whereby the Emperor is the ceremonial head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government and the head of the Cabinet, which directs the executive branch. Legislative power is vested in the National Diet, which consists of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. Judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court and lower courts, and sovereignty is vested in the Japanese people by the Constitution. Japan is considered a constitutional monarchy with a"
"the Diet. of the Constitution of Japan and the Board of Audit Act of 1947 gives this body substantial independence from both controls. The Legislative branch organ of Japan is the National Diet (国会). It is a bicameral legislature, composing of a lower house, the House of Representatives, and an upper house, the House of Councillors. Empowered by the Constitution to be ""the highest organ of State power"" and the only ""sole law-making organ of the State"", its houses are both directly elected under a parallel voting system and is ensured by the Constitution to have no discrimination on the"
"in the sense of being unconstituted and all MKs losing their seats automatically 14 days after elections, simultaneously with the start of the newly-elected Knesset's term. In Japan, the House of Representatives of the National Diet (parliament) can be dissolved at any time by the Emperor, on the advice of the Cabinet, headed by the Prime Minister. The Constitution of Japan specifies that all members of the House can serve up to a four-year term. So far, however, parliaments have been dissolved prematurely with the exception of the 9 December 1976 dissolution. The House of Councillors however, cannot be dissolved"
"by the House of Representatives or become ineffective. Such emergency sessions have been called twice in history, in 1952 and 1953. Any session of the Diet may be cut short by a dissolution of the House of Representatives. In the table, this is listed simply as ""(dissolution)""; the House of Councillors or the National Diet as such cannot be dissolved. National Diet The is Japan's bicameral legislature. It is composed of a lower house called the House of Representatives, and an upper house, called the House of Councillors. Both houses of the Diet are directly elected under parallel voting systems."
"Liberal League (Japan) The Liberal League; Japanese Jiyu Rengo (自由連合); was a free market liberal party in Japan. It was a minor party which held one seat in the House of Representatives in the Diet at its peak. The League, whose name can also be translated as ""Freedom League"" or ""Libertarian Union"" (even though its official English translation is Liberal League), had a liberal and free market libertarian political agenda. The party was formed in 1994 and won a few seats in its first election; however, in the 2003 parliamentary elections, it won only one. It won no seats in"
"elections, the first time since 1989 that the LDP has held an outright majority in the House of Councillors. The third reshuffle occurred in August 2017. <br> <br> R = Member of the House of Representatives <br>C = Member of the House of Councillors Pages at the Kantei (English website): Third Abe Cabinet The Third Abe Cabinet governed Japan under the leadership of Prime Minister Shinzō Abe from December 2014 to November 2017. The government is a coalition between the Liberal Democratic Party and the Komeito (which had changed its name from ""New Komeito"" in the 2012–2014 term) and controls"
"2017 Japanese general election The took place on 22 October 2017. Voting took place in all Representatives constituencies of Japan – 289 single-member districts and eleven proportional blocks – in order to appoint all 465 members (down from 475) of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the then 707-member bicameral National Diet of Japan. Incumbent Prime Minister Shinzō Abe's governing coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Komeito retained their seats in light of what was perceived as weak opposition, winning his fourth term in office and holding on to the two-thirds supermajority in order to revise"
"from the European peerage, the Japanese titles were taken from Chinese and based on the ancient feudal system in China. Itō Hirobumi and the other Meiji leaders deliberately modeled the chamber on the British House of Lords, as a counterweight to the popularly elected House of Representatives (""Shūgiin""). In 1889, the House of Peers Ordinance established the House of Peers and its composition. For the first session of the Imperial Diet (1889–1890), there were 145 hereditary members and 106 imperial appointees and high taxpayers, for a total of 251 members. With the creation of new peers, additional seats for members"
"reflected both Prussian and British influences, most notably in the inclusion of the House of Representatives as the lower house (existing currently, under the Article 42 of the post-war Japanese Constitution based on bicameralism) and the House of Peers as the upper house, (which resembled the Prussian ""Herrenhaus"" and the British House of Lords, now the House of Councillors of Japan under the Article 42 of the post-war Japanese Constitution based on bicameralism), and in the formal Speech from the Throne delivered by the Emperor on Opening Day (existing currently, under the Article 7 of the post-war Japanese Constitution). The"
"over the executive branch, and no law or Cabinet order can take effect without the Prime Minister's countersignature (and the Emperor's promulgation). While Cabinet Ministers in most other parliamentary democracies theoretically have some freedom of action (within the limits of cabinet collective responsibility), the Japanese Cabinet is effectively an extension of the Prime Minister's authority. The members of the current cabinet of Japan headed by the Liberal Democratic Party lawmaker Shinzō Abe as of 2 October 2018 are as follows: Cabinet of Japan The is the executive branch of the government of Japan. It consists of the Prime Minister, who"
"term of half of the other members, hence for the members who were not up for election, the incoming members take office midway through their terms. While the House of Councillors of Japan uses a staggered election, there are no fixed terms to compare with as the House of Representatives has a variable term, and the position of the emperor is hereditary. Despite the fact that the Prime Minister of Japan is elected by the House of Representatives, the Prime Minister usually would take the responsibilities following the House of Councillors election results, include resignation or cabinet reshuffle. Conversely, in"
"Japanese House of Councillors national proportional representation block The Japanese National Proportional Representation Block, known in Japan as the is an electoral district for the House of Councillors, the upper house of the National Diet of Japan. It consists of the whole nation and elects 48 members per election, 96 in total, by D'Hondt method proportional representation (PR). Proportional voting was introduced to Japan in the 1983 House of Concillors election. The proportional district replaced the previous which elected 100 members of the House of Councillors (50 per election) by single non-transferable vote, i.e. votes were for individuals not parties"
"are used. Japan's National Diet consists of two houses. The House of Representatives, also known as the Lower House, consists of 295 single-member districts and 11 multi-member (6-29 members) proportional representation blocks that represent broader regions of the country. This gives a total of 475 members in the house. The House of Councillors (Upper House) has 47 districts of 2-10 members that correspond with the 47 prefectures of Japan and a national proportional representation block that elects 96 members, giving a total of 242 members in the house. Problems with imbalance in the representation of rural and urban voters has"
"2007 Japanese House of Councillors election The for the upper house of the legislature of Japan were held on July 29, 2007. The date was originally to be July 22, but the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) decided in mid-June to extend the session of the House for a week to finish up legislative business; this step was criticised due to the short-term delay. The House of Councillors consists of 242 members who serve six-year terms. Approximately half the members are elected every three years. The last election took place in 2004 when Junichiro Koizumi, Abe's predecessor, was in office."
"National Diet The is Japan's bicameral legislature. It is composed of a lower house called the House of Representatives, and an upper house, called the House of Councillors. Both houses of the Diet are directly elected under parallel voting systems. In addition to passing laws, the Diet is formally responsible for selecting the Prime Minister. The Diet was first convened as the Imperial Diet in 1889 as a result of adopting the Meiji Constitution. The Diet took its current form in 1947 upon the adoption of the post-war constitution and is considered by the Constitution to be the highest organ"
"by the SCAP, the sovereign state of Japan has maintained a unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy with an Emperor and an elected legislature called the National Diet. Japan is a member of the ASEAN Plus mechanism, UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, and the G20, and is considered a great power. Its economy is the world's third-largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer. Japan benefits from a highly skilled and educated workforce; it has among the world's largest proportion of citizens holding a tertiary education degree."
"House of Representatives (lower house). Article 41 of the Constitution provides that ""the Diet shall be the highest organ of State power, and shall be the sole law-making organ of the State."" Statutory law originates from the National Diet, with the approval of the Emperor as a formality. Under the current constitution, the Emperor does not have the power to veto or otherwise refuse to approve a law passed by the Diet. The judicial system of Japan consists of the Supreme Court, eight high courts and fifty district and family courts. For more serious crimes long terms of confinement or"
"the Socialist Party. The 2009 House of Representatives elections handed the first non-LDP victory to the Democratic Party of Japan. According to a survey by ""Yomiuri Shimbun"" in April 2010, almost half of Japanese voters do not support any political parties due to political inefficiency. Between 1885 and 1947 in the Empire of Japan, the prime minister was not elected, but responsible to, chosen and appointed by the Emperor. In practice, the Genrō usually nominated a candidate for appointment. The Imperial Diet and its elected lower house, the House of Representatives, which were set up in 1890 according to the"
"of the former Korean nobility and four seats for representatives from The Japan Imperial Academy, membership peaked at 409 seats by 1938. In 1947 during its 92nd and final session, the number of members was 373. After revisions to the ordinance, notably in 1925, the House of Peers comprised: After World War II, under the current Constitution of Japan, in effect from 3 May 1947, the unelected House of Peers was replaced by an elected House of Councillors. House of Peers (Japan) The was the upper house of the Imperial Diet as mandated under the Constitution of the Empire of"
"declined to run for reelection. The party disbanded shortly afterwards. Liberal League (Japan) The Liberal League; Japanese Jiyu Rengo (自由連合); was a free market liberal party in Japan. It was a minor party which held one seat in the House of Representatives in the Diet at its peak. The League, whose name can also be translated as ""Freedom League"" or ""Libertarian Union"" (even though its official English translation is Liberal League), had a liberal and free market libertarian political agenda. The party was formed in 1994 and won a few seats in its first election; however, in the 2003 parliamentary"
"NRP, President Masaaki Yamazaki (LDP – Fukui), Vice-President Azuma Koshiishi (DPJ – Yamanashi) and Keiko Itokazu (OSMP – Okinawa) are independents in terms of parliamentary group. Abbreviations and translations used in this table for (nominating – endorsing) parties: 2013 Japanese House of Councillors election The for the upper house of the National Diet, the legislature of Japan, was held on July 21, 2013. In the last election in 2010, the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) remained the largest party, but the DPJ-led ruling coalition lost its majority. The House of Councillors is elected by halves to six year terms. In"
"Kyoto Protocol, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change. Japan is a constitutional monarchy and sovereign state whereby the power of the Emperor is very limited. As a ceremonial figurehead, he is defined by the constitution to be ""the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people"". Executive power is wielded chiefly by the Prime Minister and his cabinet, while sovereignty is vested in the Japanese people. Japan's legislative body is the National Diet, seated in Chiyoda, Tokyo. The Diet is a bicameral body,"
"English to distinguish the party from its predecessor. In September 2014 the party changed its English name from New Komeito back to Komeito. After the 2012 general election, the party held 31 seats in the lower house and 19 seats in the upper house. The number of lower house seats increased to 35 after the 2014 general election and to 25 seats in the upper house after winning 14 in the 2016 general election. In the July 2017 Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly election, the Komeito garnered a total of 23 seats, 1 up from the previously held 22 seats. The party"
"not control a similar super-majority of seats in the House of Councillors, necessary to initiate amendments of the Constitution of Japan. ""(as of March 15, 2018)"" In the class of members facing re-election, the ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Kōmeitō and Party for Japanese Kokoro (PJK) had a combined 81 of 121 seats (as of March 2018). The governing coalition would have to lose 30 seats or more to forfeit its overall majority in the House of Councillors and face a technically divided Diet. However, as independents and minor opposition groups might be willing to support the"