What was the name of the Greek shipping tycoon, sometimes known as 'The Golden Greek', who built the first supertankers capable of transporting large quantities of oil?
"Triomphe, in 2004, and her filly Divine Proportions capturing the 2005 Prix de Diane by winning 9 out of her 10 races until a serious tendon injury cut the horse's racing career short. Stavros Niarchos Stavros Spyros Niarchos (, ; 3 July 1909 – 16 April 1996) was a multi-billionaire Greek shipping tycoon. Starting in 1952, he had the world's biggest supertankers built for his fleet. Propelled by both the Suez Crisis and an increasing demand for oil, he and rival Aristotle Onassis became giants in global petroleum shipping. Niarchos was also a noted thoroughbred horse breeder and racer, several"
"supertankers. Livanos managed his business from Lausanne. With over 100 ships, his fleet was the largest merchant navy in Greece. He also created a shipping company, which pioneered fast ferry services between the Greek Isles, introducing coastal passenger hydrofoils on an extensive network of routes linking the mainland with nearby islands. For two decades, the services operated under the Ceres Flying Dolphins' brand name, became a household expression in Greece. Diversifying in latter years, he invested in real estate, and in banking with Basil Goulandris, another Lausanne-based Greek shipowner. In 1994, Livanos' fortune was an estimated US$3 billion. He was"
"more than 80 tankers worldwide. He and Aristotle Onassis were great shipping rivals. In 1952, high-capacity oil supertankers were built for the competing Niarchos and Onassis fleets, who both claimed to own the largest tanker in the world. In 1955, Vickers Armstrongs Shipbuilders Ltd launched the . Then the world's largest supertanker, it was named after Niarchos' second son, Spyros, born earlier that year. In 1956, the Suez Canal Crisis considerably increased the demand for the type of large-tonnage ships that Niarchos owned. Business flourished and he became a billionaire. Niarchos was married five times: From the late 1970s until"
"George Prokopiou George J. Prokopiou (born 1946) is a billionaire Greek shipowner, founder of Dynacom Tankers, Sea Traders and Dynagas. George J. Prokopiou was born in Athens in 1946. He was educated at the National Technical University of Athens. Prokopiou bought his first ship in 1971, a 55,000-tonne tanker, ""Pennsylvania"". He is the founder of Dynacom Tankers, Sea Traders and Dynagas. In June 2014, the Dynacom Tankers fleet encompassed 54 vessels, the Sea Traders company had a fleet of 29 dry bulk carriers and Dynagas had a fleet of 10 LNG carriers, including four new buildings. In March 2015, he"
"oil to Rhodesia. However, Vardinogiannis continued to sail for Beira in Mozambique, then a colony of Portugal. Here the pipeline would allow oil to be pumped to landlocked Rhodesia. He was president of Greek football club Panathinaikos FC for 21 years (1979–2000) and had the nickname ""Kapetanios"" (Captain). Yiorgos Vardinogiannis Yiorgos Vardinogiannis () is a Greek businessman and a shipping magnate, former owner and president of the Panathinaikos football club.He was born in Episkopi, Rethymno in 1936. He is the brother of oil and shipping tycoon Vardis Vardinogiannis. Yiorgos Vardinoyannis was captain of the oil tanker MV ""Arietta Venezelos"" which"
"of tonnage, with a total DWT of 334,649,089 tons and a fleet of 5,226 Greek-owned vessels, according to Lloyd's List. Greece is also ranked in the top for all kinds of ships, including first for tankers and bulk carriers. Many Greek shipping companies have their headquarters located either in Athens or London and New York City, and are run by Greek traditional shipping families which are notable for their great wealth and influence in the international maritime industry, such as the Onasis, Vardinoyannis, Latsis, Livanos, Angelicoussis, Niarchos, Angelopoulos and Goulandris. The 7th Secretary General (2003-2011) of the International Maritime Organization"
"wife. While living in London, until 1965, he built a fleet of more than 20 cargo vessels and became an important client of British shipbrokers, especially Clarksons. Later he moved to Athens and he realised that the future of shipping was in international oil trade. He bought his first tanker in 1969 and became a big force in the market, within 10 years. Loucas Haji-Ioannou Loucas Haji-Ioannou (15 September 1927 - 17 December 2008) was a Greek-Cypriot shipping entrepreneur. He was one of the handful of Greek ship owners whose fleets dominated the global shipping industry for most of the"
"tankers to its fleet. Arcadia Shipmanagement Co. Ltd. has a fleet of 11 oil tankers. Arcadia Shipmanagement Arcadia Shipmanagement Co. Ltd. is an oil tanker shipping company in Athens, Greece. It specializes in the shipping of oil, and other petroleum products. Arcadia Shipmanagement Co. Ltd. is run by its founder, Constantine Angelopoulos, and his sons, Panagiotis Angelopoulos and Giorgos Angelopoulos. Arcadia Shipmanagement Co. Ltd. was established in 1998, by Constantine Angelopoulos. The company was named the Greek oil tanker company of the year in 2007. It completed an expansion to its fleet of oil tankers in 2012. In 2012, the"
"tanker projects and long-term business, and her husband Tony Lauritzen is CEO of Dynagas LNG Partners. The youngest, Maria-Elena, was studying economics at Bocconi University in Milan in 2014. Official company websites: George Prokopiou George J. Prokopiou (born 1946) is a billionaire Greek shipowner, founder of Dynacom Tankers, Sea Traders and Dynagas. George J. Prokopiou was born in Athens in 1946. He was educated at the National Technical University of Athens. Prokopiou bought his first ship in 1971, a 55,000-tonne tanker, ""Pennsylvania"". He is the founder of Dynacom Tankers, Sea Traders and Dynagas. In June 2014, the Dynacom Tankers fleet"
"transport the colossal stone. Marinos Carburis (Μαρίνος Χαρμπούρης), a Greek from the Island of Kefallonia and serving as lieutenant-colonel in the Russian Army, offered to undertake the project. Carburis had studied engineering in Vienna and is considered to be the first Greek to hold a diploma in engineering. Carburis directed workmen to wait for winter, when the ground was frozen, and then had them drag the large stone over the frozen ground to the sea for shipment and transport to the city. He developed a metallic sledge that slid over bronze spheres about 13.5 cm (6 inches) in diameter, over"
"away from the engine room to avoid fires. Other challenges included allowing for the cargo to expand and contract due to temperature changes, and providing a method to ventilate the tanks. The first successful oil tanker was ""Zoroaster"", which carried its 242 long tons of kerosene cargo in two iron tanks joined by pipes. One tank was forward of the midships engine room and the other was aft. The ship also featured a set of 21 vertical watertight compartments for extra buoyancy. The ship had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draft of . Unlike"
"barges and cylindrical railroad tank-cars similar to those in use today. The modern oil tanker was developed in the period from 1877 to 1885. In 1876, Ludvig and Robert Nobel, brothers of Alfred Nobel, founded Branobel (short for Brothers Nobel) in Baku, Azerbaijan. It was, during the late 19th century, one of the largest oil companies in the world. Ludvig was a pioneer in the development of early oil tankers. He first experimented with carrying oil in bulk on single-hulled barges. Turning his attention to self-propelled tankships, he faced a number of challenges. A primary concern was to keep the"
"Dimitris Melissanidis Dimitris Melissanidis (Greek: Δημήτρης Μελισσανίδης) born March 8, 1951 in Nikaia, Greece, is a Greek business shipping magnate and oil tycoon who is one of Greece's most successful businessmen. Dimitris Melissanidis is sometimes described as the largest independent supplier of fuel oil on the planet. He is the founder and ex-owner of Aegean Marine Petroleum Network Inc. which is the largest independent fuel supplier in the world. He also owned the second largest Oil company in Greece, Aegean Oil and leader of AEK Athens F.C.. Melissanidis was ranked 98th in 2015 and 97th in 2014 in the world"
"Vardis Vardinogiannis Vardis Vardinogiannis (; born 1933) is a Greek billionaire oil and shipping businessman. He is the chairman and controlling shareholder of Motor Oil Hellas, Vegas Oil and Gas and involved in numerous other shipping and business interests. Vardinogiannis was included in Lloyd's List's ""Most Influential People in Shipping"". Vardis Vardinogiannis was born in 1933 in Episkopi, Rethymno, Crete, the son of poor farmers. They had eight children, six boys and two girls. Everyone helped in the fields from an early age. Vardinoyannis took elementary school during the Second World War, when Crete was occupied by the Germans. In"
"OPAP. Dimitris Melissanidis Dimitris Melissanidis (Greek: Δημήτρης Μελισσανίδης) born March 8, 1951 in Nikaia, Greece, is a Greek business shipping magnate and oil tycoon who is one of Greece's most successful businessmen. Dimitris Melissanidis is sometimes described as the largest independent supplier of fuel oil on the planet. He is the founder and ex-owner of Aegean Marine Petroleum Network Inc. which is the largest independent fuel supplier in the world. He also owned the second largest Oil company in Greece, Aegean Oil and leader of AEK Athens F.C.. Melissanidis was ranked 98th in 2015 and 97th in 2014 in the"
"Argo In Greek mythology, Argo (; in Greek: ) was the ship on which Jason and the Argonauts sailed from Iolcos to Colchis to retrieve the Golden Fleece. She was named after her builder, Argus. ""Argo"" was constructed by the shipwright Argus, and its crew were specially protected by the goddess Hera. The best source for the myth is the ""Argonautica"" by Apollonius Rhodius. According to a variety of sources of the legend, ""Argo"" was said to have been planned or constructed with the help of Athena. According to certain sources, ""Argo"" was the first ship to sail the seas."
"steam-driven ocean-going tanker in the world and was the first ship in which oil could be pumped directly into the vessel hull instead of being loaded in barrels or drums. It was also the first tanker with a horizontal bulkhead; its features included cargo valves operable from the deck, cargo main piping, a vapor line, cofferdams for added safety, and the ability to fill a ballast tank with seawater when empty of cargo. The ship was built in Britain. and was purchased by Wilhelm Anton Riedemann, an agent for the Standard Oil Company along with several of her sister ships."
"tank-cars similar to those in use today. The modern oil tanker was developed in the period from 1877 to 1885. In 1876, Ludvig and Robert Nobel, brothers of Alfred Nobel, founded Branobel (short for Brothers Nobel) in Baku, Azerbaijan. It was, during the late 19th century, one of the largest oil companies in the world. Ludvig was a pioneer in the development of early oil tankers. He first experimented with carrying oil in bulk on single-hulled barges. Turning his attention to self-propelled tankships, he faced a number of challenges. A primary concern was to keep the cargo and fumes well"
"company started to use iron reservoirs for oil storage. The first successful oil tanker in the world — a refurbished metal ship called ""Zoroastr"" — was built in 1877 in Sweden by Nobels. By 1890 345 tankers, including 133 steam vessels and 212 sailing vessels were sailing on the Caspian Sea. For instance, Mazut Trading Co, created by Rothschild Frères in 1898, possessed 13 tankers in Caspian Sea alone. During these years, native Azerbaijani shipowners appeared, of which the largest fleet belonged to Shamsi Asadullayev. In 1877, construction of the first-ever oil pipeline linking Surakhany oil field and refinery in"
"SS Grecian The Grecian was a steel bulk freighters built in 1891 by Globe Iron Works at Cleveland, Ohio. She was a sister ship to the ""Norman"", also wrecked nearby. The ship was 296 feet long, with a beam of 40 feet and a gross tonnage of 2348 tons. The ""Grecian"" was built to carry iron ore for the Chapin Iron Mining Company, and ran between the company's docks in Escanaba, Michigan and Cleveland, Ohio. In 1896 made 35 trips through the Great Lakes, carrying 93,000 tons of iron ore. On June 7, 1906 the unladen Grecian struck a rock"
"crude carriers (ULCC) built in the 1970s were over long and had a capacity of . Several factors encouraged this growth. Hostilities in the Middle East which interrupted traffic through the Suez Canal contributed, as did nationalization of Middle East oil refineries. Fierce competition among shipowners also played a part. But apart from these considerations is a simple economic advantage: the larger an oil tanker is, the more cheaply it can move crude oil, and the better it can help meet growing demands for oil. In 1955 the world's largest supertanker was and : SS ""Spyros Niarchos"" launched that year"
"in Egypt, with visitors and scribes coming to view and record the pyramids and other religious monuments. The earliest maritime travel occurred on the Nile and other rivers in the Near East. Due to the lack of roads in ancient Greece, the most efficient way of shipping large amounts of goods, such as olive oil, was over the sea. Greek ships were built in varying sizes, with the largest accommodating as much as 500 tons of goods. Despite reliance on favorable weather, relatively little effort went into short sea voyages beyond the packing and management of the ship, although there"
"Pericles Panagopoulos Pericles Panagopoulos (born 1935) is a Greek shipping magnate. In 1972 in partnership with Barney A. Ebsworth, he formed Royal Cruise Line. The m/s Golden Odyssey was the company's first cruise ship. Built in Helsingor Shipyard and delivered in 1974, she was designed to carry 450 passengers as this was the capacity of the 747 Jumbo Jet airplane. The company grew with the addition of the 850-passenger Royal Odyssey in 1982 and the 1000-passenger Crown Odyssey in 1988 before getting acquired by Kloster Cruises in 1989. In 1993, Periklis Panagopoulos co-founded with his son Alexander Superfast Ferries, as"
"by Vickers Armstrongs Shipbuilders Ltd in England for Stavros Niarchos. In 1958 United States shipping magnate Daniel K. Ludwig broke the record of 100,000 long tons of heavy displacement. His ""Universe Apollo"" displaced 104,500 long tons, a 23% increase from the previous record-holder, ""Universe Leader"" which also belonged to Ludwig. The world's largest supertanker was built in 1979 at the Oppama shipyard by Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., named ""Seawise Giant"". This ship was built with a capacity of , a length overall of and a draft of . She had 46 tanks, of deck, and at her full load draft,"
"from Aker, the largest ships the world had seen so far. He contacted other Norwegian shipping magnates, suggesting that they merge into one giant shipping firm. The others withdrew from the plan though, realizing that Reksten intended to dominate the colossus. In 1970 Reksten signed the shipping contract of all times, when Libya cut down on oil production, while Nigeria was in chaos, and Syria closed the oil pipeline from the Middle East to the Mediterranean. Twelve of his supertankers were now hired out to British Petroleum under a contract providing Reksten with a net profit of 500 million kroner."
"brother-in-law Ted Kennedy. This amount would reportedly grow to several hundred million under the financial stewardship of her companion Maurice Tempelsman. Christina's share has since passed to her only child Athina, at the time making Athina one of the wealthiest women in the world. References Sources Aristotle Onassis Aristotle Socrates Onassis (; , ""Aristotelis Onasis""; 20 January 1906 – 15 March 1975), commonly called Ari or Aristo Onassis, was a Greek shipping magnate who amassed the world's largest privately owned shipping fleet and was one of the world's richest and most famous men. He was known for his business success,"
"oil. Where the refinery of oil had taken place near the well earlier, this moved to the consumer location during this stage. Oil production in the Middle East developed and the dominance of product tankers was replaced by crude oil carriers. Soon, Panamax tankers were built, soon followed by Aframax and Suezmax tankers because of economics. After the war, it was expected that a large number of tankers would be laid up, which indeed happened. The United States Maritime Commission had replaced the War Shipping Board, but fraudulent activities remained. Aristotle Onassis and Stavros Niarchos used this to buy tankers"
"tankers: the ""Mohammed"", ""Tatarin"", ""Bramah"", ""Spinoza"", ""Socrates"", ""Darwin"", ""Koran"", ""Talmud"", and ""Calmuck"". Branobel experienced one of the first oil tanker disasters. In 1881 ""Zoroaster""'s sister-ship, ""Nordenskjöld"", exploded in Baku while taking on kerosene. The pipe carrying the cargo was jerked away from the hold when the ship was hit by a gust of wind. Kerosene then spilled onto the deck and down into the engine room, where mechanics were working in the light of kerosene lanterns. The ship then exploded, killing half the crew. Nobel responded to the disaster by creating a flexible, leakproof loading pipe which was much more"
"in the yard at Norfolk, Virginia, Ludwig went to Japan where he introduced the block construction method at the Kure Naval Yard. Here, in 1952, he built the ""Petrokure"" of 38,000 long tons. That same year, Onassis had a tanker of 45,000 long tons built and also Niarchos had supertankers built. Both Onassis and Niarchos claimed to be the largest independent tanker owner in the world. The ""Sinclair Petrolore"" that Ludwig had built in 1955, was at 56,000 long tons not only the largest freighter in the world, but also a self-unloading ore-oil carrier, the only one of that type"
"in bulk on single-hulled barges. Turning his attention to self-propelled tankships, a primary concern was to keep the cargo and fumes well away from the engine room to avoid fires. Other challenges included allowing for the cargo to expand and contract due to temperature changes, and providing a method to ventilate the tanks. The world's first successful oil tanker was Nobel's ""Zoroaster"". He designed this in Lindholmen-Motala in Sweden with Sven Almqvist. The contract to build it was signed January 1878, and it made its first run later that year from Baku to Astrakhan. The design was widely studied and"
"yachting, was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science by the Massachusetts Maritime Academy. He is also a majority shareholder of the car manufacturer Aston Martin Peter Livanos Peter G. Livanos (born 1958), is a Greek shipping tycoon. He owns the Greek shipping company Ceres Hellenic, and was involved in the restructuring of the shipping company into the group Ceres Hellenic. Livanos lives with his family at Lake Geneva, Athens and London. He controls 100% of Ceres Hellenic Shipping, the largest Greek fleet, in terms of tonnage, and a smaller ferry line of Russian-made hydrofoils that serve the Greek Islands. Livanos"
"engines, as opposed to the older steam engines. The ""Vandal"", the first diesel-electric ship, was capable of carrying 750 long tons of refined oil was powered by three diesel motors. The larger ""Sarmat"" employed four 180 h.p. engines. The first seagoing diesel-powered tanker, 4,500 ton ""Mysl"", was built by Nobel's competitors in Kolomna. Nobel responded with ""Emanuel Nobel"" and ""Karl Hagelin"", 4,600 long ton kerosene tankers with engines. The 475 ft., 7-masted schooner ""Thomas W. Lawson"", built in 1902, was the largest purely sail tanker ever built. It carried coal, and oil in barrels from Texas to the East Coast"
"tons and 1,322 ships (of which 287 were steam boats). During the 1960s, the size of the Greek fleet nearly doubled, primarily through the investment undertaken by the shipping magnates Onassis, Vardinoyannis, Livanos and Niarchos. The basis of the modern Greek maritime industry was formed after World War II when Greek shipping businessmen were able to amass surplus ships sold to them by the United States Government through the Ship Sales Act of the 1940s. Greece has the largest merchant navy in the world, accounting for more than 15% of the world's total deadweight tonnage (dwt) according to the United"