The etymology of what form of entertainment may come from the valley of 'Vau de Vire' in Normandy where satirical songs were common?
"the kings of France Charles V and Charles VI. He wrote the earliest French cookery book named ""Le Viandier"". ""Confiture de lait"" was also made in Normandy around the 14th century. The dukes of Normandy commissioned and inspired epic literature to record and legitimise their rule. Wace, Orderic Vitalis and Stephen of Rouen were among those who wrote in the service of the dukes. After the division of 1204, French literature provided the model for the development of literature in Normandy. Olivier Basselin wrote of the Vaux de Vire, the origin of literary ""vaudeville"". Among notable Norman writers in French"
"several decades. The origin of this term is obscure, but is often explained as being derived from the French expression ""voix de ville"" (""voice of the city""). A second speculation is that it comes from the 15th-century songs on satire by poet Olivier Basselin, ""Vaux de Vire"". In his ""Connections"" television series, science historian James Burke argues that the term is a corruption of the French ""Vau de Vire"" (""Vire River Valley"", in English), an area known for its bawdy drinking songs and where Basselin lived; Jean le Houx circa 1610 collected these works as """", which is probably the"
"Vaudeville Vaudeville (; ) is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment born in France at the end of the 1700s. A vaudeville is a comedy without psychological or moral intentions, based on a comical situation. It was originally a kind of dramatic composition or light poetry, usually a comedy, interspersed with songs or ballets. It became popular in the United States and Canada from the early 1880s until the early 1930s, but the idea of Vaudeville's theatre changed radically from its French antecedent. In some ways analogous to music hall from Victorian Britain, a typical American vaudeville performance was made"
"Comédie en vaudevilles The comédie en vaudevilles () was a theatrical entertainment which began in Paris towards the end of the 17th century, in which comedy was enlivened through lyrics using the melody of popular vaudeville songs. The annual fairs of Paris at St. Germain and St. Laurent had developed theatrical variety entertainments, with mixed plays, acrobatic displays, and pantomimes, typically featuring vaudevilles (see Théâtre de la foire). Gradually these features began to invade established theatres. The ""Querelle des Bouffons"" (War of the Clowns), a dispute amongst theatrical factions in Paris in the 1750s, in part reflects the rivalry of"
"and in the 17th and 18th century the term ""vaudeville"" came to be used for songs satirizing political and court events. In 1717 a collection was published in Paris of over 300 vaudevilles, entitled ""La clef des chansonniers, ou recueil des vaudevilles depuis 100 ans et plus [The singers' key, or collection of Vaudevilles from over 100 years]"", and in 1733 in the same city a club, ""Le Caveau"", was founded devoted to singing vaudevilles. From these popular but simple airs evolved the ""comédie en vaudeville"", which was itself a precursor of the ""opéra comique"". Vaudeville (song) A vaudeville is"
"genre originated in the early 18th century with humorous and satirical plays performed at the theatres of the Paris fairs which contained songs (""vaudevilles""), with new words set to already existing music. The phrase ""opéra comique en vaudevilles"" or similar was often applied to these early stage works. In the middle of the 18th century, composers began to write original music to replace the ""vaudevilles"", under the influence of the lighter types of Italian opera (especially Giovanni Battista Pergolesi's ""La serva padrona""). This form of ""opéra comique"" was often known as ""comédie mêlée d'ariettes"", but the range of subject matter"
"collection of vaudeville memorabilia, is located at the University of Arizona. The Elgin and Winter Garden Theatres in Toronto houses the world's largest collection of vaudeville props and scenery. The Benjamin Franklin Keith and Edward F. Albee Collection housed at the University of Iowa includes a large collection of managers' report books recording and commenting on the lineup and quality of the acts each night. Vaudeville Vaudeville (; ) is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment born in France at the end of the 1700s. A vaudeville is a comedy without psychological or moral intentions, based on a comical situation."
"as Rossini's ""Il barbiere di Siviglia"" (1816), Gilbert and Sullivan's ""Trial by Jury"" (1875), Verdi's ""Falstaff"" (1893), Ravel's ""L'heure espagnole"" (1911) and Stravinsky's ""The Rake's Progress"" (1951). Comédie en vaudevilles The comédie en vaudevilles () was a theatrical entertainment which began in Paris towards the end of the 17th century, in which comedy was enlivened through lyrics using the melody of popular vaudeville songs. The annual fairs of Paris at St. Germain and St. Laurent had developed theatrical variety entertainments, with mixed plays, acrobatic displays, and pantomimes, typically featuring vaudevilles (see Théâtre de la foire). Gradually these features began to"
"The performers at the fairs invented a new style which combined comic songs with satire, and acrobatics, a form which took the name vaudeville. The foundation of the Royal Academy of Music in 1672 created a growing gulf between the official musicians of the court and the popular musicians of Paris, who were members of the guild of ""ménétriers"" (minstrels), with its own rules and traditions, under their traditional head, the elected ""King of the Minstrels"". While the guild of minstrels had a monopoly over the music in the streets, Lully, the head of the royal academy, had an ordinance"
"direct origin of the word. Some, however, preferred the earlier term ""variety"" to what manager Tony Pastor called its ""sissy and Frenchified"" successor. Thus, vaudeville was marketed as ""variety"" well into the 20th century. With its first subtle appearances within the early 1860s, vaudeville was not initially a common form of entertainment. The form gradually evolved from the concert saloon and variety hall into its mature form throughout the 1870s and 1880s. This more gentle form was known as ""Polite Vaudeville"". In the years before the American Civil War, entertainment existed on a different scale. Certainly, variety theatre existed before"
"Chanson d'aventure The chanson d'aventure (, ) is a genre of medieval poetry originating in France, but which had a substantial influence on poetry in Middle English. The ""chanson d'aventure"" (plural ""chansons d'aventure"") is essentially a framing device, where the singer (or poet) wanders into a wild or rural setting and has a chance encounter, usually in the form of a dialogue; it originates in Old French lyrics usually with an erotic or amorous theme. Sometimes, the ""chanson"" may focus on an overheard dialogue, or lover's complaint. In either way, the chief feature is that of a chance encounter. It"
"Music hall Music hall is a type of British theatrical entertainment that was popular from the early Victorian era, beginning around 1850. It ended, arguably, after the First World War, when the halls rebranded their entertainment as Variety. Perceptions of a distinction in Britain between bold and scandalous Victorian ""Music Hall"" and subsequent, more respectable ""Variety"" differ. Music hall involved a mixture of popular songs, comedy, speciality acts, and variety entertainment. The term is derived from a type of theatre or venue in which such entertainment took place. American vaudeville was in some ways analogous to British music hall, featuring"
"The form was hounded off the ""legitimate stage"" and found itself relegated to saloons and barrooms, and its content mostly raunchy jokes. Vaudeville is a style of variety entertainment predominant in America in the late 19th Century and early 20th Century. Developing from many sources including shows in saloons, minstrelsy, British pantomimes, and other popular entertainments, vaudeville became one of the most popular types of entertainment in America. Part of this entertainment was usually one or more comedians. Vaudeville provided generations of American entertainers including George M. Cohan, George Burns and Gracie Allen, Mae West, Fanny Brice, and W.C. Fields,"
"Revue A revue (from French 'magazine' or 'overview') is a type of multi-act popular theatrical entertainment that combines music, dance, and sketches. The revue has its roots in 19th century popular entertainment and melodrama but grew into a substantial cultural presence of its own during its golden years from 1916 to 1932. Though most famous for their visual spectacle, revues frequently satirized contemporary figures, news or literature. Similar to the related subforms of operetta and musical theatre, the revue art form brings together music, dance and sketches to create a compelling show. In contrast to these, however, revue does not"
"of humour, is based on a traditional festival named ""Peña cum cum"", celebrated every year in the Landes, South-West of France (Félicien lives in this region). The ""Peña cum cum"" of Amou and 'Les Faïences' bands also participated in the background vocals. As it was frequently sung by the contestants and the show was regularly seen by most of people in France, the song became successful, although there was no music video. The song was part of the Belgian compilation ""Hitbox 2002, Vol. 4, Best of"" and the French compilations ""Hits 2002"" and ""NonStop Hits 2002"". In France, it started"
"""Cavalleria Rusticana"", ""Le chalet"", ""La dame blanche"", ""Le domino noir"", ""La fille du régiment"", ""Lakmé"", ""Manon"", ""Mignon"", ""Les noces de Jeannette"", ""Le pré aux clercs"", ""Tosca"", ""La bohème"", ""Werther"" and ""Carmen"", the last having been performed more than 2,500 times. Since the Middle Ages popular light theatrical entertainments had been a part of the seasonal Parisian fairs, especially the Foire Saint-Germain and the Foire Saint-Laurent. They included farces, tightrope acts, acrobatics, and marionettes, and also included music, such as ""vaudevilles"" and popular songs. The audiences were diverse, from all levels of society, and the presentations were given on makeshift stages."
"Variety show Variety shows, also known as variety arts or variety entertainment, is entertainment made up of a variety of acts including musical performances, sketch comedy, magic, acrobatics, juggling, and ventriloquism. It is normally introduced by a compère (master of ceremonies) or host. The variety format made its way from Victorian era stage to radio and then television. Variety shows were a staple of anglophone television from the late 1940s into the 1980s. While still widespread in some parts of the world, such as in the United Kingdom with the ""Royal Variety Performance"", the proliferation of multichannel television and evolving"
"the south of France. These poems contain clever rhyme-schemes, varied use of refrain-lines or words, and different metric patterns. The minstrels of this time were not themselves poets or composers. Instead they adapted the compositions of others to sing, play, and dance to in their own unique versions. Other styles included love songs, political satire, dances, chansons, and dramatic works. According to Grout’s A History of Western Music (1996), common musical instruments of this time period included: harps, imported to continental Europe from Ireland and Britain sometime before the ninth century; Vielle, a prototype of the Renaissance viol and modern"
"up of a series of separate, unrelated acts grouped together on a common bill. Types of acts have included popular and classical musicians, singers, dancers, comedians, trained animals, magicians, ventriloquists, strongmen, female and male impersonators, acrobats, illustrated songs, jugglers, one-act plays or scenes from plays, athletes, lecturing celebrities, minstrels, and movies. A vaudeville performer is often referred to as a ""vaudevillian"". Vaudeville developed from many sources, including the concert saloon, minstrelsy, freak shows, dime museums, and literary American burlesque. Called ""the heart of American show business"", vaudeville was one of the most popular types of entertainment in North America for"
"Loire Valley chansonniers The Loire Valley chansonniers are a related group of songbooks copied in the Loire Valley region of central France c. 1465-c. 1475 and produced in the context of the French royal court. They consist of five chansonniers: Copenhagen, Dijon, Nivelle, Laborde and Wolfenbüttel. The songbooks, smaller than a modern paperback, personalized and lavishly decorated, are the earliest surviving examples of a new genre which offered a combination of words, music, and illuminations. The chansonniers of the late 15th century were objects of leisure, offering artistic, musical and textual aspects to form a multidimensional reading experience. Prior to"
"developed into a wide variety of form to suit a very wide range of personal preferences and cultural expression. Many types are blended or supported by other forms. For example, drama, stories and banqueting (or dining) are commonly enhanced by music; sport and games are incorporated into other activities to increase appeal. Some may have evolved from serious or necessary activities (such as running and jumping) into competition and then become entertainment. It is said, for example, that pole vaulting ""may have originated in the Netherlands, where people used long poles to vault over wide canals rather than wear out"
"Lloyd and George Leybourne, were instrumental in developing a new style of music hall performer, known as the ""lion comique"" or ""swells."" In this style, performers relied less on copying burlesque, and instead sought inspiration in their everyday experiences and the colourful characters of daily street life. Audiences loved to join in the chorus and ""give the bird."" Vance was a great rival of George Leybourne, writer of ""Champagne Charlie"". Vance wrote and performed ""Cliquot"" in response. Vance ended the feud with the song ""Beautiful Beer"". Their style introduced a new genre to the music hall, known as ""lion comique""."
"Vielart de Corbie Vielart, Vielars, Wilars or Wilart de Corbie was one of the earliest trouvères from northern France. In one instance a chansonnier names him Willame (""Guillaume de Corbie"", William from Corbie) and some scholars have followed this, concluding that ""Vielart"" and its variations form a sobriquet meaning ""violist"" (player of a vielle) or perhaps ""old man"" (from French ""vieillard""). He was active in the Île-de-France in the first decades of the thirteenth century at the latest, since his song ""De chanter me semont Amours"" was used as the basis for a contrafactum, ""Quant ces floretes florir voi"", by"
"Le Cabaret des Vampires"". The show was an original tribute to Grand Guignol, a horror vaudeville with various horror and grotesque performances such as monologues, live music and burlesque, with a satirical black humour conduction. While the original Grand Guignol attempted to present naturalistic horror, the performances would seem melodramatic and heightened to today's audience. For this reason, the term is often applied to films and plays of a stylised nature with heightened acting, melodrama and theatrical effects such as """", ""Sleepy Hollow"", ""Quills"", and the Hammer Horror films that went before them. ""What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?""; ""Hush...Hush,"
"from the words of the verse, and as such appeared as a brief rhythmic interlude in the middle of the longer, more chantlike organum. In the 12th century, traveling noblemen and musicians called troubadours began traveling southern France. Inspired by the Code of Chivalry, troubadours composed and performed vernacular songs (in contrast to the older tradition, dating back to the 10th century, of goliards. Provence was the region with the most troubadours, but the practice soon spread north and aristocrats like Adam de la Halle became the first trouvères. Contemporaneous with the troubadours was the rise of the trouvères, another"
"likely evolved from two earlier ""chanson"" subtypes, the ""chanson dramatique"" and the ""chanson pastourelle"". Poets in Middle English adopted the trope for themes other than love, often making the debate's focus a moral or devotional one. The genre shares many common features with the dream vision, although with the important distinction that the poet does not fall asleep. Chanson d'aventure The chanson d'aventure (, ) is a genre of medieval poetry originating in France, but which had a substantial influence on poetry in Middle English. The ""chanson d'aventure"" (plural ""chansons d'aventure"") is essentially a framing device, where the singer (or"
"20th-century author André Gide referred to his 1914 novel ""Les caves du Vatican"" as a ""sotie"". Sotie A sotie (or sottie) is a short satirical play common in 15th- and 16th-century in France. The word (compare modern ""sottise"") comes from the ""sots"", ""fools"", who appeared as characters in the play. In the plays, these fools would make observations and exchange thoughts on contemporary events and individuals. Shorter plays, sometimes referred to as ""parades"", need not have any plot at all, but relied simply on a detached dialogue. The genre has its origin in the Feast of Fools and other Carnival-related"
"Parade (French street entertainment) A parade is a type of French street entertainment which originated during the Renaissance. It consisted of a group of entertainers, which could include actors, singers, dancers, jugglers, and other types of performers, who took part in parades (in the usual sense of the word) and entertained spectators at those times when the procession stopped moving. In the 18th century the term was applied to short improvisational buffooneries, typically incorporating vulgarities, which were performed either on an outdoor platform or a balcony in order to entice passersby into show-booths and theatres at the fairs or on"
"""descorts"", one ""lai"", and one cynical ""tenson"" with Jacques d'Amiens. The nickname ""Muset"" may derive from his inspiration (""muse"") or from his habit of ""muser"" (wandering about, wasting time). Colin Muset Colin Muset (""fl"". ""c"". 1210–50 or 1230–70) was an Old French trouvère and a native of Lorraine. He made his living in the Champagne by travelling from castle to castle singing songs of his own composition and playing the vielle. These are not confined to the praise of courtly love that formed the usual topic of the trouvères, but contain many details of a jongleur's life. His complete works"
"Sotie A sotie (or sottie) is a short satirical play common in 15th- and 16th-century in France. The word (compare modern ""sottise"") comes from the ""sots"", ""fools"", who appeared as characters in the play. In the plays, these fools would make observations and exchange thoughts on contemporary events and individuals. Shorter plays, sometimes referred to as ""parades"", need not have any plot at all, but relied simply on a detached dialogue. The genre has its origin in the Feast of Fools and other Carnival-related festivities. The purpose of these events was to present a world turned upside-down, in this case"
"against the dramatic performance of the comedies is, in general, their large number of narrative segments as opposed to dialogue. Arnulf of Orléans, one of the elegiac writers, seems to have considered his work to have been made for the stage. These performances may have been narrated, mimed, or sung. Elegiac comedy Elegiac comedy was a genre of medieval Latin literature—or drama—which survives as a collection of about twenty texts written in the 12th and 13th centuries in the liberal arts schools of west central France (roughly the Loire Valley). Though commonly identified in manuscripts as ""comoedia"", modern scholars often"
"Divertissement Divertissement (from the French 'diversion' or 'amusement') is used, in a similar sense to the Italian 'divertimento', for a light piece of music for a small group of players, however the French term has additional meanings. During the 17th and 18th century, the term implied incidental aspects of an entertainment (usually involving singing and dancing) that might be inserted in an opera or ballet or other stage performance. In the operas produced by the Académie Royale de Musique, both tragédies lyriques and comédies lyriques, these 'divertissements' were sometimes linked to the main plot, or performed at the close of"
"be revived."" From her retirement, Nellie Farren endorsed this judgment. Victorian burlesque Victorian burlesque, sometimes known as travesty or extravaganza, is a genre of theatrical entertainment that was popular in Victorian England and in the New York theatre of the mid 19th century. It is a form of parody in which a well-known opera or piece of classical theatre or ballet is adapted into a broad comic play, usually a musical play, usually risqué in style, mocking the theatrical and musical conventions and styles of the original work, and often quoting or pastiching text or music from the original work."