In his 1999 book The Lexus and the Olive Tree, in what came to be known as the Golden Arches theory, Thomas L. Friedman wrote that no two nations with a McDonald's franchise had ever gone to war. He upgraded this theory in The World is Flat taking the name of what technology company to further underscore the link between strong economic ties and peace?
"more adaptable, Friedman argues, will keep it more employable. He also suggests that the government make it easier for people to switch jobs by making retirement benefits and health insurance less dependent on one's employer and by providing insurance that would partly cover a possible drop in income when changing jobs. Friedman also believes there should be more inspiration for youth to become scientists, engineers, and mathematicians because of a decrease in the percentage of those professionals who are American. The Dell Theory of Conflict Prevention, also known as simply the Dell Theory, is a capitalist peace theory and an"
"interactions that are shaping the world, you surely cannot strategize about the world."" He states that ""you need a strategy for how to choose prosperity for your country or company."" The book puts forward a capitalist peace theory, first published as an opinion piece in The New York Times in December 1996, called the Golden Arches Theory of Conflict Prevention; although slightly tongue-in-cheek, it states: No two countries that both had McDonald's had fought a war against each other since each got its McDonald's. He supported that observation, as a theory, by stating that when a country has reached an"
"if men want to oppose war, it is statism that they must oppose. So long as they hold the tribal notion that the individual is sacrificial fodder for the collective, that some men have the right to rule others by force, and that some (any) alleged ""good"" can justify it—there can be no peace within a nation and no peace among nations. In Thomas L. Friedman's 1999 book ""The Lexus and the Olive Tree"", the following observation was presented: ""No two countries that both had McDonald's had fought a war against each other since each got its McDonald's"". He supported"
"economic development where it has a middle class strong enough to support a McDonald's network, it would become a ""McDonald's country"", and will not be interested in fighting wars anymore. Friedman's point is that due to globalization, countries that have made strong economic ties with one another have too much to lose to ever go to war with one another. Regardless of whether the statement is true, the conclusions to be drawn are unclear. The global expansion of McDonald's restaurants is a relatively recent phenomenon when put into the context of the history of warfare, and, with a few notable"
"become emblematic of globalization, sometimes referred to as the ""McDonaldization"" of society. ""The Economist"" newspaper uses the ""Big Mac Index"": the comparison of a Big Mac's cost in various world currencies can be used to informally judge these currencies' purchasing power parity. Switzerland has the most expensive Big Mac in the world as of July 2015, while the country with the least expensive Big Mac is India (albeit for a Maharaja Mac—the next cheapest Big Mac is Hong Kong). Thomas Friedman once said that no country with a McDonald's had gone to war with another. However, the ""Golden Arches Theory"
"The World Is Flat The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century is an international best-selling book by Thomas L. Friedman that analyzes globalization, primarily in the early 21st century. The title is a metaphor for viewing the world as a level playing field in terms of commerce, wherein all competitors have an equal opportunity. As the first edition cover illustration indicates, the title also alludes to the perceptual shift required for countries, companies, and individuals to remain competitive in a global market in which historical and geographic divisions are becoming increasingly irrelevant. Friedman himself is a"
"The Lexus and the Olive Tree The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization is a 1999 book by Thomas L. Friedman that posits that the world is currently undergoing two struggles: the drive for prosperity and development, symbolized by the Lexus LS, and the desire to retain identity and traditions, symbolized by the olive tree. He says he came to this realization while eating a sushi box lunch on a Japanese bullet train after visiting a Lexus factory and reading an article about conflict in the Middle East. Friedman explains ""globalization"" by recounting stories of his actual experiences in"
"a maple leaf in the middle of the Golden Arches. Alan Hess summarized the arch's origin in Googie architecture and ultimate significance as follows: The term ""Golden Arches"" is sometimes used as metonym, symbolizing capitalism or globalization in phrases such as the ""Golden Arches Theory of Conflict Prevention"", since McDonald's is one of the more prominent American corporations that have become global in their reach (along with Coca-Cola and Nike). The McDonald's arches in Sedona, Arizona were made turquoise when the yellow color had been deemed by government officials to be contrasting too much against the scenic red rock. Some"
"that observation, as a theory, by stating that when a country has reached an economic development where it has a middle class strong enough to support a McDonald's network, it would become a ""McDonald's country"", and will not be interested in fighting wars anymore. Shortly after the book was published, NATO bombed Yugoslavia. On the first day of the bombing, McDonald's restaurants in Belgrade were demolished by angry protesters and were rebuilt only after the bombing ended. In the 2000 edition of the book, Friedman argued that this exception proved the rule: the war ended quickly, he argued, partly because"
"new insights into the continuing trends of globalization and the forces behind the process, leading him to write a follow-up analysis, ""The World Is Flat"" (2005). The book was on the ""New York Times"" Best Seller list from its April 2005 publication until May 2007. One of Friedman's theses states that individual countries must sacrifice some degree of economic sovereignty to global institutions (such as capital markets and multinational corporations), a situation he has termed the ""golden straitjacket"". In today's global situation, Friedman is concerned about the United States' lack of independence when it comes to energy. He states, ""First"
"shipment management system developed by the company. Aramex went public on the Dubai Financial Market in February 2005. The IPO raised $270 million. The company's revenue increased 23% over 2004 and net income increased 56% that year. As part of its expansion plans, Aramex concluded a series of acquisitions, including Priority Airfreight, InfoFort, Freight Professionals and TwoWay-Vanguard. World-renowned writer and columnist Thomas Friedman used Aramex in his book, ""The World Is Flat"", as an example of companies that benefit from what he calls the flattening of the world. The flattening of the world is the leveling of the economic field"
"World Is Flat"" a conceptual analysis accessible to a broad public. The book was first released in 2005, was later released as an ""updated and expanded"" edition in 2006, and was yet again released with additional updates in 2007 as ""further updated and expanded: Release 3.0"". The title was derived from a statement by Nandan Nilekani, former CEO of Infosys. ""The World Is Flat"" won the inaugural Financial Times and Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year Award in 2005. In his book ""The World Is Flat"", Friedman recounts a journey to Bangalore, India, when he realized globalization has changed"
"make the decisions. The Internet and the ability of organizational members to connect with anyone both inside and outside the organization—and to find information both inside and outside the organization—disrupted this traditional notion of power. Power and authority came to be based less on hierarchical position and more on knowledge sharing, trust, credibility, and end results. The ""New York Times"" columnist Thomas Friedman wrote in his book ""The World Is Flat"" that the web allowed individuals to be global players in much the same way that company structures of the 1800s and political structures of the Renaissance did. As a"
"neither fully supporting the theory at large nor denouncing it, rather placing the construct firmly in the realm of the theoretical. Roland neither views technological determinism as completely dominant over history nor completely absent as well; in accordance with the above criterion of technological determinist structure, would Roland be classified as a ""soft determinist"". Thomas L. Friedman, American journalist, columnist and author, admits to being a technological determinist in his book ""The World is Flat"". Futurist Raymond Kurzweil's theories about a technological singularity follow a technologically deterministic view of history. Some interpret Karl Marx as advocating technological determinism, with such"
"established between the have and have-not regions in the current world-system. Geographer Harm de Blij detailed those arguments for the general public in ""Why Geography Matters: Three Challenges Facing America"" (2005) and ""The Power of Place: Geography, Destiny, and Globalization's Rough Landscape"" (2008). The World Is Flat The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century is an international best-selling book by Thomas L. Friedman that analyzes globalization, primarily in the early 21st century. The title is a metaphor for viewing the world as a level playing field in terms of commerce, wherein all competitors have an equal"
"warns in his book ""The World Is Flat"" that the Dell Theory should not be interpreted as a guarantee that nations who are deeply involved in global supply chains will not go to war with each other. It rather means that the governments of these nations and their citizens will have very heavy economic costs to consider as they contemplate the possibility of war. These costs include the long-term loss of the country's profitable participation in the global supply chain. This theory relates with how conflict prevention occurred between India and Pakistan in their 2001 - 2002 nuclear standoff, where"
"interfacing with many of the global movers and shakers. He proposes that ""globalization is not simply a trend or fad but is, rather, an international system. It is the system that has replaced the old Cold War system, and, like that Cold War System, globalization has its own rules and logic that today directly or indirectly influence the politics, environment, geopolitics and economics of virtually every country in the world."" The ""Big Idea"" in ""The Lexus and the Olive Tree"" is found on page 223 where Friedman explains that: ""if you can't see the world, and you can't see the"
"the country. On August 23, 2014, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Arkady Dvorkovich ruled out any government move to ban McDonald's and dismissed the notion that the temporary closures had anything to do with the sanctions. Some observers have suggested that the company should be given credit for increasing the standard of service in markets that it enters. A group of anthropologists in a study entitled ""Golden Arches East"" looked at the impact McDonald's had on East Asia and Hong Kong, in particular. When it opened in Hong Kong in 1975, McDonald's was the first restaurant to consistently offer clean restrooms,"
"Golden Arches The Golden Arches are the symbol of McDonald's, the global fast food restaurant chain. Originally, real arches were part of the restaurant design. They were incorporated into the chain's logo in 1962, which resembled a stylized restaurant, and in the current Golden Arches logo, introduced 1968, resembling an ""M"" for ""McDonald's"". They are widely regarded to be one of the most recognizable logos in the world. In 1952, brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald decided they needed a new building to house their hamburger restaurant in San Bernardino, California. They wanted this building to have an entirely new design"
"McDonald's McDonald's is an American fast food company, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand, and later turned the company into a franchise, with the Golden Arches logo being introduced in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona. In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers. McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but moved its global headquarters to Chicago in early 2018. McDonald's"
"at risk of losing its global partners. The relationship between the People's Republic of China and Taiwan was also cited as an example of that theory: both countries have strong supply relations with each other, and a war between the two seems very unlikely today. ""The World Is Flat"" received generally positive popular and critical reception as well as some negative criticism, peppered with doubt. ""The Washington Post"" called the book an ""engrossing tour"" and an ""enthralling read"". The review closed with, ""We've no real idea how the 21st century's history will unfold, but this terrifically stimulating book will certainly"
"for his edited book, ""Golden Arches East: McDonald's in East Asia"" (1997, 2006). He is married to the anthropologist Rubie S. Watson. Watson is known to friends and colleagues as ""Woody."" One of James L. Watson's articles talks about how the cultural change happening in Hong Kong is a result of globalization. It is apparent that the Hong Kong natives became accustomed to American fast food values, drifting away from their local culture. The author also demonstrates how McDonald's encourages cultural integration. James L. Watson's article on ""McDonald's in Hong Kong"" explains the penetration process in Hong Kong. Many believed"
"focused more on the threat of terrorism and the Middle East. He was awarded the 2002 Pulitzer Prize for Commentary ""for his clarity of vision, based on extensive reporting, in commenting on the worldwide impact of the terrorist threat"". These columns were collected and published in the book ""Longitudes and Attitudes"". For a while, his reporting on post-9/11 topics led him to diverge from his prior interests in technological advances and globalization, until he began to research ""The World Is Flat"". After the 7/7 London bombings, Friedman called for the U.S. State Department to ""shine a spotlight on hate speech"
"companies develop and implement their China strategies and to assist Chinese companies develop global footprints. Jack Perkowski was mentioned in ""The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century"" by journalist and Pulitzer Prize winning author Thomas Friedman. In 2008, he authored ""Managing the Dragon: How I’m Building a Billion Dollar Business in China,"" published by Crown Business. Periodically, Perkowski contributes to the Morning Whistle newspaper owned by 21st Century Media. Jack Perkowski Jack Perkowski is a Wall Street veteran, author, and the founder and Managing Partner of JFP Holdings, Ltd. He is also the former CEO and"
"""globalization"" grew in the late 1990s and early 2000s and works such as Thomas Friedman's ""The World is Flat"" gained notoriety, Rugman proposed that most of the world's largest firms are mainly regional Rugman authored or coauthored more than 400 publications including books, book chapters and journal articles. Selected books Selected journal articles Alan M. Rugman Alan M. Rugman (1945-2014) was a leading scholar in the field of international business. In his last academic role, he served as Head of International Business and Strategy at Henley Business School, University of Reading in Reading, UK. The English-born Rugman earned his B.A."
"that is flat, but Thomas Friedman's 'brain' is flat"". Some critics have pointed out that the book is written from an American perspective. Friedman's work history has been mostly with ""The New York Times"", and that may have influenced the way the book was written – some would have preferred a book written in a more ""inclusive voice"". Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz has been critical of Friedman's book: Richard Florida expresses similar views in his 2005 ""Atlantic"" article ""The World Is Spiky"". John Gray, formerly a School Professor of European Thought at the London School of Economics and Political"
"exceptions, has proceeded into relatively stable markets. Shortly after the book was published, NATO bombed Yugoslavia. On the first day of the bombing, McDonald's restaurants in Belgrade were demolished by the Serbian people and were rebuilt only after the bombing ended. In the 2000 edition of the book, Friedman argued that this exception proved the rule: the war ended quickly, he argued, partly because the Serbian population did not want to lose their place in a global system ""symbolised by McDonald's"" (Friedman 2000: 252–253). Critics have pointed to other conflicts as counterexamples, depending on what one considers ""a war"": In"
"Center, the U.S. Army War College, National Defense University and the RAND Corporation, on security and national defense matters. Friedman pursued political philosophy with his early work focusing on Marxism, as well as international conflict, including examination of the U.S.-Soviet relationship from a military perspective. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, he studied potential for a U.S.–Japan conflict and co-authored ""The Coming War with Japan"" in 1991. In 1996, he founded Stratfor, a private intelligence and forecasting company, and served as the company's CEO and Chief Intelligence Officer. Stratfor's head office is in Austin, Texas. He resigned from Stratfor"
"Kingdom he challenged the East Kingdom, and later as king of the East accepted the challenge...and lost. He is a long-time science fiction fan, and has written two fantasy novels, ""Harald"" (Baen Books, 2006) and ""Salamander"" (2011). He has spoken in favor of a non-interventionist foreign policy. David D. Friedman David Director Friedman (born February 12, 1945) is an American economist, physicist, legal scholar, and libertarian theorist. He is known for his textbook writings on microeconomics and the libertarian theory of anarcho-capitalism, which is the subject of his most popular book, ""The Machinery of Freedom"". Besides ""The Machinery of Freedom"","
"the Emergency Board, the Public Commission on the Legislature, the Joint Information and Management Technology Committee, the Senate General Government Committee, and the Oregon Innovation and Technology Council. In 2006, Morse delivered a speech on globalization, and specifically on Thomas Friedman's book ""The World is Flat"", to the Friends of the Albany Public Library. He was criticized for purchasing research for the speech from a firm in India that was cited as a primary source in Friedman's book. In 2007, Morse proposed a comprehensive reform to Oregon's tax system, along with Democratic Senators Ben Westlund, Ryan Deckert, and Kurt Schrader."
"trademark on a new logo—an overlapping, double-arched ""M"" symbol. But before the double arches, McDonald's used the a single arch for the architecture of their buildings. Although the ""Golden Arches"" logo appeared in various forms, the present version was not used until November 18, 1968, when the company was favored a U.S. trademark. The present corporation credits its founding to franchised businessman Ray Kroc in on April 15, 1955. This was in fact the ninth opened McDonald's restaurant overall, although this location was destroyed and rebuilt in 1984. Kroc later purchased the McDonald brothers' equity in the company and begun"
"world. The project was inspired by topics included in Thomas Friedman's international bestselling book ""The World Is Flat: The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-First Century"" and was featured in the 2007 update ""Release 3.0"" of that book. The original project served as a foundation which has been recreated and expanded. Currently the project runs three times a year. The project has gained international recognition and awards from the International Society of Technology Educators(ISTE), Taking IT Global, World Innovation Summit for Education, and Edublog Awards and has fostered four similar projects based on the same holistic and"
"per day. When employees enter the factory floor, they pass through an air shower to remove dust. They are required to exercise and perform other physical activities such as holding and rolling golf balls in their palms. These motor exercises keep staff sharp, and Toyota believes these behaviors are essential to help retain the standards necessary to produce flawless vehicles. ""The New York Times"" columnist Thomas Friedman visited the plant in the early 1990s, and described the experience as an example of globalization in his best-selling 1999 book, ""The Lexus and the Olive Tree"". In his book, Friedman detailed the"