Method acting is based on the theories of which Russian actor and theatre director?
"and not simply a matter of poetics; rather it relates to the issue of function. The use of these critical terms (in an almost directly ""opposed"" sense from the critical mainstream usage detailed above) to describe two different forms of the actor–character relationship within an actor's methodology originates from the American actor and teacher Uta Hagen. She developed this use from a far more ambiguous formulation offered by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski in chapter two of his acting manual ""An Actor's Work"" (1938). In ""When Acting is an Art"", having watched his students' first attempts at a"
"Konstantin Stanislavski Konstantin Sergeievich Stanislavski (""né"" Alexeiev; ; 7 August 1938) was a seminal Russian theatre practitioner. He was widely recognised as an outstanding character actor and the many productions that he directed garnered a reputation as one of the leading theatre directors of his generation. His principal fame and influence, however, rests on his 'system' of actor training, preparation, and rehearsal technique. Stanislavski (his stage name) performed and directed as an amateur until the age of 33, when he co-founded the world-famous Moscow Art Theatre (MAT) company with Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko, following a legendary 18-hour discussion. Its influential tours of"
"Michael Chekhov Mikhail Aleksandrovich ""Michael"" Chekhov (, 29 August 1891 – 30 September 1955) was a Russian-American actor, director, author, and theatre practitioner. His acting technique has been used by actors such as Jack Nicholson, Clint Eastwood, Marilyn Monroe, and Yul Brynner. Konstantin Stanislavski referred to him as his most brilliant student. He was a nephew of the playwright Anton Chekhov. Although mainly a stage actor, he made a few notable appearances on film, perhaps most memorably as the Freudian analyst in Alfred Hitchcock's ""Spellbound"" (1945), for which he received his only Academy Award nomination. He was born in Saint"
"Lee Strasberg Lee Strasberg (born Israel Lee Strassberg; November 17, 1901February 17, 1982) was a Polish-born American actor, director, and theatre practitioner. He co-founded, with directors Harold Clurman and Cheryl Crawford, the Group Theatre in 1931, which was hailed as ""America's first true theatrical collective"". In 1951 he became director of the nonprofit Actors Studio in New York City, considered ""the nation's most prestigious acting school,"" and in 1966 he was involved in the creation of Actors Studio West in Los Angeles. Although other highly regarded teachers also developed ""the Method,"" Strasberg is often considered the ""father of method acting"
"for which Chekhov earned an Oscar nomination. Michael Chekhov Mikhail Aleksandrovich ""Michael"" Chekhov (, 29 August 1891 – 30 September 1955) was a Russian-American actor, director, author, and theatre practitioner. His acting technique has been used by actors such as Jack Nicholson, Clint Eastwood, Marilyn Monroe, and Yul Brynner. Konstantin Stanislavski referred to him as his most brilliant student. He was a nephew of the playwright Anton Chekhov. Although mainly a stage actor, he made a few notable appearances on film, perhaps most memorably as the Freudian analyst in Alfred Hitchcock's ""Spellbound"" (1945), for which he received his only Academy"
"active pedagogical activities in Russia and Europe. He is the founder and head of the School of acting and directing - ""Open Theater School of Lavrenechuka Eugene."" The school education and training program is based on his own method of teaching using the new interpretation of the ideas of Michael Chekhov, Jerzy Grotowski, Antonin Artaud and Konstantin Stanislavsky. The essence of the new method underlying the teaching of acting and directing is antipsychologism as the basis of acting and directorial thinking. This radically changes the basic criteria of acting and elocution. The possibility of an effective alternative to traditional methods"
"Sam Kogan Sam Kogan (22 October 1946 – 11 November 2004) was a Russian actor, director, and acting teacher. He is best known for developing and establishing an acting technique that he called ""The Science of Acting."" He founded The Kogan Academy of Dramatic Arts (formerly The Academy of the Science of Acting and Directing) and The School of the Science of Acting, in London in 1991. He also wrote the book ""The Science of Acting"", which was edited by his daughter, Helen Kogan. Kogan was born to a Jewish family in Sokyriany, a small city in Chernivtsi Oblast in"
"with the American method actor's conception. While method acting melded the character with the actor's own personal memories to create the character's internal motivation, Meyerhold connected psychological and physiological processes. He had actors focus on learning gestures and movements as a way of expressing emotion physically. Following Konstantin Stanislavski's lead, he said that the emotional state of an actor was inextricably linked to his physical state (and vice versa), and that one could call up emotions in performance by practicing and assuming poses, gestures, and movements. He developed a number of body expressions that his actors would use to portray"
"his actors to work in the ""correct"" way than he was in shaping the overall presentation. He gained a reputation with the Theater Guild of New York and helped form the Group Theater in New York in 1931. There, he created a technique that became known as ""the method"" or ""method acting."" His teaching style owed much to the Russian practitioner, Konstantin Stanislavski, whose book, ""An Actor Prepares"" (published in English in 1936), dealt with the psychology of acting. He began by directing, but his time was gradually taken up by the training of actors. Called ""America's first true theatrical"
"Sergey Aydarov Sergey Vasilyevich Aydarov (, born Vishnevsky, Вишневский, 20 October 1867, Moscow, Imperial Russia, — 16 August 1938, Moscow, USSR) was a Russian and Soviet stage actor and theatre director, associated with the Moscow's Maly Theatre where he debuted in 1898. His most acclaimed parts were those in the plays by Alexander Ostrovsky (Krutitsky in ""Enough Stupidity in Every Wise Man"", Vyshnevsky in ""A Profitable Position"", Berendey in ""The Snow Maiden"", Ivan Grozny in ""Vasilisa Melentyeva"", Dulebov in ""Talents and Admirers""), as well in ""Julius Caesar"" and ""The Tempest"" by William Shakespeare. As a theatre director, Aydarov produced several"
"Paul Mann Paul Mann (December 2, 1913 – September 24, 1985) was a Canadian film and theater actor, as well as founder of the Paul Mann Actor's Workshop. His brother was the actor Larry D. Mann. Mann was influential in developing the concept of Method acting in America. While many other Method advocates (including Lee Strasberg) shared their knowledge at the Actors Studio, Mann taught his own classes at his Actor's Workshop, founded in 1953. Along with Lloyd Richards (a fellow Toronto native and chief assistant director of the school), Mann also managed to create a comfortable atmosphere for actors"
"Russia's first professional playwright, Aleksey Pisemsky, and Leo Tolstoy (""The Power of Darkness"" (1886)), began a tradition of psychological realism in Russia which culminated with the establishment of the Moscow Art Theatre by Constantin Stanislavski and Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Their ground-breaking productions of the plays of Anton Chekhov in turn influenced Maxim Gorky and Mikhail Bulgakov. Stanislavski went on to develop his 'system', a form of actor training that is particularly suited to psychological realism. 19th-century realism is closely connected to the development of modern drama, which, as Martin Harrison explains, ""is usually said to have begun in the early 1870s"""
"2004. A funeral service was held at The Russian Orthodox Church in South Kensington attended by family and friends as well as many of Sam's students. Sam Kogan Sam Kogan (22 October 1946 – 11 November 2004) was a Russian actor, director, and acting teacher. He is best known for developing and establishing an acting technique that he called ""The Science of Acting."" He founded The Kogan Academy of Dramatic Arts (formerly The Academy of the Science of Acting and Directing) and The School of the Science of Acting, in London in 1991. He also wrote the book ""The Science"
"(on variety department) and in ""Boris Shchukin Theatre Institute"". On 2004 Butenko created ""Russian Drama School"" where he taught his own system. Butenko is the author of stage transformation theory, stated and published in the books ""Imitation Theory of Stage Transformation"" (2004) and ""Stage Transformation, Theory and Practice"" (2005). Eduard Butenko Eduard Butenko (, February 17, 1941 – September 2, 2006) - Russian actor, theatre director, teacher, theatre theoretic On 1959 Eduard Butenko began his theatre career as an actor in ""Kiev Russian Drama Theatre"" when he was 18. After graduating from the University of Shevchenko (1966) with a BA"
"Moscow Art Theatre The Moscow Art Theatre (or MAT; , ""Moskovskiy Hudojestvenny Akademicheskiy Teatr"" (МHАТ)) is a theatre company in Moscow. It was founded in 1898 by the seminal Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski, together with the playwright and director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. It was conceived as a venue for naturalistic theatre, in contrast to the melodramas that were Russia's dominant form of theatre at the time. The theatre, the first to regularly put on shows implementing Stanislavski's system, proved hugely influential in the acting world and in the development of modern American theatre and drama. At the end of the"
"of the actors most often associated with the Method, Marlon Brando, received rave notices and an Oscar nomination for his portrayal of Mark Antony in the MGM version of ""Julius Caesar"" opposite the great Shakespearian actor John Gielgud Lewis's lectures on Method acting later became the basis of his first book, ""Method — Or Madness?"" (Samuel French, 1958). In addition to teaching at The Group Theatre, The Actors Studio, his own Robert Lewis Theatre Workshop and the Lincoln Center Training Program, Lewis was a popular lecturer at many colleges and universities throughout the country for the better part of his"
"to get into the skin of a character, identifying with their thoughts and feelings; observation of life and the actor's knowledge of their own nature provide the source for an actor's work. In 1848 he wrote: Shchepkin's distinction between the 'actor of reason' and the 'actor of feeling' influenced the formation of the ideas about acting contained in the 'system' devised by Konstantin Stanislavski. Mikhail Shchepkin Mikhail Semyonovich Shchepkin (, , the village Krasnoe, Oboyan county, Kursk Province — ) was the most famous Russian Empire actor of the 19th century. He is considered the ""father"" of realist acting in"
"Arts Theatre. Stanislavski's system Stanislavski's system is a systematic approach to training actors that the Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski developed in the first half of the 20th century. Stanislavski was the first in the West to propose that actor training should involve something more than merely physical and vocal training. His system cultivates what he calls the ""art of experiencing"" (with which he contrasts the ""art of representation""). It mobilises the actor's conscious thought and will in order to activate other, less-controllable psychological processes—such as emotional experience and subconscious behaviour—sympathetically and indirectly. In rehearsal, the actor searches for inner"
"Method — Or Madness? Method — Or Madness? was the title of a series of lectures given by Actors Studio founder Robert Lewis in New York in 1957, and later published as a book of the same title. The first of the eight lectures was presented on the stage of the Playhouse Theatre in New York City, at 11:30 P.M. on the evening of April 15, 1957, to a standing room only audience of professional actors, directors and writers. The lectures embodied an attempt by Mr. Lewis, an early student of the Stanislavski System, or ""method"" of acting, to dispel"
"at the Theatre Guild of Acting. Here he encountered once again Harold Clurman and Lee Strasberg. Strasberg was to become another of the century's most influential acting theorists and the father of method acting, an acting technique derived, like Meisner's own, from the system of Konstantin Stanislavski. The three became friends. In 1931, Clurman, Strasberg, and Cheryl Crawford (another Theatre Guild member) selected 28 actors (one of whom was Meisner) to form the Group Theatre. This company exerted an influence on the entire art of acting in the United States. Meisner summered with the Group Theatre at their 1936 rehearsal"
"One of the streets in Moscow is named after Pudovkin (see ). Vsevolod Pudovkin Vsevolod Illarionovich Pudovkin (; 16 February 1893 – 30 June 1953) was a Russian and Soviet film director, screenwriter and actor who developed influential theories of montage. Pudovkin's masterpieces are often contrasted with those of his contemporary Sergei Eisenstein, but whereas Eisenstein utilized montage to glorify the power of the masses, Pudovkin preferred to concentrate on the courage and resilience of individuals. He was granted the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1948. Vsevolod Pudovkin was born in Penza into a Russian family, the"
"Mikhail Shchepkin Mikhail Semyonovich Shchepkin (, , the village Krasnoe, Oboyan county, Kursk Province — ) was the most famous Russian Empire actor of the 19th century. He is considered the ""father"" of realist acting in Russia and, via the influence of his student, Glikeriya Fedotova, a major influence on the development of the 'system' of Konstantin Stanislavski (who was born in the year in which Shchepkin died). Shchepkin's significance to the Theatre of Russia is comparable to that of David Garrick to the English theatre. He distinguished between two kinds of actors, both of whom are dedicated to the"
"Mikhail Tarkhanov (actor) Mikhail Mikhaylovich Moskvin (, 19 September 1877, Moscow, Imperial Russia, — 18 August 1948, Moscow, USSR) was a Russian and Soviet stage actor and theatre director, better known by his stage name Mikhail Tarkhanov (Тарханов). Having made his stage debut in 1898 on stage the Ryazan Theatre, he performed in numerous troupes (including those led by Nikolai Sinelnikov and Vasily Kachalov) before joining the Moscow Art Theatre in 1922 where he soon became one of the leading actors and, in the late 1920s, a stage director. In 1935 he started to teach drama and in 1942-1948 was"
"Elia Kazan Elia Kazan (; born Elias Kazantzoglou (); September 7, 1909 – September 28, 2003) was a Greek-American director, producer, writer and actor, described by ""The New York Times"" as ""one of the most honored and influential directors in Broadway and Hollywood history"". He was born in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey), to Cappadocian Greek parents. After attending Williams College and then the Yale School of Drama, he acted professionally for eight years, later joining the Group Theatre in 1932, and co-founded the Actors Studio in 1947. With Robert Lewis and Cheryl Crawford, his actors' studio introduced ""Method Acting"" under"
"Stanislavski's system Stanislavski's system is a systematic approach to training actors that the Russian theatre practitioner Konstantin Stanislavski developed in the first half of the 20th century. Stanislavski was the first in the West to propose that actor training should involve something more than merely physical and vocal training. His system cultivates what he calls the ""art of experiencing"" (with which he contrasts the ""art of representation""). It mobilises the actor's conscious thought and will in order to activate other, less-controllable psychological processes—such as emotional experience and subconscious behaviour—sympathetically and indirectly. In rehearsal, the actor searches for inner motives to"
"began its rise slightly later, partly through the influence of Stanislavski's system of acting, with its notion of subtext: ""Chekhov often expressed his thought not in speeches,"" wrote Stanislavski, ""but in pauses or between the lines or in replies consisting of a single word ... the characters often feel and think things not expressed in the lines they speak."" The Group Theatre, in particular, developed the subtextual approach to drama, influencing generations of American playwrights, screenwriters, and actors, including Clifford Odets, Elia Kazan and, in particular, Lee Strasberg. In turn, Strasberg's Actors Studio and the ""Method"" acting approach influenced many"
"Yevgeny Vakhtangov Yevgeny Bagrationovich Vakhtangov (also spelled Evgeny or Eugene; ; 13 February 1883 – 29 May 1922) was a Russian-Armenian actor and theatre director who founded the Vakhtangov Theatre. He was a friend and mentor of Michael Chekhov. Vakhtangov was born to an Armenian father and a Russian mother in Vladikavkaz, Northern Ossetia. He was educated at Moscow State University for a short time and then joined the Moscow Art Theatre in 1911 and rose in the ranks, so that by 1920 he was in charge of his own theatre studio. Four years after his death, the studio was"
"Jurij Alschitz Jurij Leonowitsch Alschitz or Jurij Al'šic (Юрий Леонович Альшиц; born 9 August 1947 in Odessa, Soviet Union) is a theatre director, acting pedagogue and researcher specialising in applied theatre practice. He is known for developing a comprehensive artistic methodological approach for 21 century dramatic arts, ‘Training as Method’. He is the artistic director of the ""European Association for Theatre Culture"" and the ""World Theatre Training Institute AKT-ZENT/ITI"", appointed by the International Theatre Institute as research centre for theatre training methods. Alschitz comes from a theatre family - his mother was the actress Raisa Stavitskaja and his father was"
"Eric Morris (actor) Eric Morris (born November 19, 1931) is an American acting teacher and actor who founded his own theory of acting based on the works of Lee Strasberg and Martin Landau. Morris lives with his wife in Los Angeles and teaches actors the Eric Morris System of Acting. His parents were Russian Immigrants; his father emigrated from Russia to the United States in 1912. Eric lived with his family in various apartments in a neighborhood inhabited chiefly by Jewish immigrants from Russia or Poland until, in seventh grade, when his father bought a house. He spent some years"
"In spite of his brilliance as an actor and his first-hand experience in the development of Stanislavski's groundbreaking work, Chekhov as a teacher was overshadowed by his American counterparts in the 1940s and 1950s and their interpretations of Stanislavski's 'system,' which became known as Method acting. Interest in Chekhov's work has grown, however, with a new generation of teachers. Chekhov's own students included Marilyn Monroe, Anthony Quinn, Clint Eastwood, Dorothy Dandridge, Mala Powers, Yul Brynner, Patricia Neal, Sterling Hayden, Jack Palance, Elia Kazan, Robert Lewis, Paula Strasberg, Guy Gillette, and Lloyd and Dorothy Bridges. In the television programme ""Inside the"
"Actor – Motion Picture for both films. Mann also was professor of acting and director of the theater arts program at the University of Wisconsin-Green Bay. Mann was convicted of eight counts of sexual abuse a year before his death. In most recent order: Paul Mann Paul Mann (December 2, 1913 – September 24, 1985) was a Canadian film and theater actor, as well as founder of the Paul Mann Actor's Workshop. His brother was the actor Larry D. Mann. Mann was influential in developing the concept of Method acting in America. While many other Method advocates (including Lee Strasberg)"
"Nikolai Khmelyov Nikolai Pavlovich Khmelyov , , — 1 November 1945) was a Soviet stage actor and theatre director, associated with the Moscow Art Theatre and later the Yermolova Theatre. Nikolai Khmelyov was born in Sormovo, Nizhny Novgorod, to a working-class family. ""A man who was highly ambitious, always dissatisfied with himself and difficult to contact with,"" he joined the MAT's Second Studio in 1919, soon to become ""one of the most intriguing figures of the 'second generation' of MAT actors,"" according to the theatre historian Inna Solovyova. He excelled in the parts of Tsar Fyodor in ""Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich"""
"to teach method acting at New York's Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre, where he developed an emphasis on what Stanislavski called ""communication"" and ""adaptation"" in an approach that he branded the ""Meisner technique"". Among the actors trained in the Meisner technique are Robert Duvall, Tom Cruise, Diane Keaton and Sydney Pollack. Though many others have contributed to the development of method acting, Strasberg, Adler, and Meisner are associated with ""having set the standard of its success"", though each emphasised different aspects: Strasberg developed the psychological aspects, Adler, the sociological, and Meisner, the behavioral. While each strand of the American"