What is the name of the 'rover' that landed on Mars in August 2012?
"some sort of active source must be replenishing the gas. Clathrate hydrates, or water-rock reactions could be possible geological sources of methane but there is presently no consensus on the source or existence of Martian methane. The Curiosity rover landed on Mars in August 2012. It is able to make precise abundance measurements and also distinguish between different isotopologues of methane. The first measurements with the Tunable Laser Spectrometer (TLS) indicate that there is less than 5 ppb of methane at the landing site. On September 19, 2013 NASA scientists used further measurements from Curiosity to report a non-detection of"
"has transferred 128,224 pictures in its lifetime. Spirit (rover) Spirit, also known as MER-A (Mars Exploration Rover – A) or MER-2, is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, ""Opportunity"" (MER-B), which landed on the other side of the planet. Its name was chosen through a NASA-sponsored student essay competition. The rover became stuck in late 2009, and its last communication with Earth was sent on"
"significant milestones in robotic spaceflight occurred in 2012, including the landing of NASA's ""Curiosity"" rover on Mars in August, and the first commercial resupply missions to the ISS in May and October. The latter also marked the first fully operational use of SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft. Elsewhere in the Solar System, NASA's ""Dawn"" spacecraft completed its mission to 4 Vesta in September 2012, while China achieved its first asteroid flyby in December. For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch"
"by an Atlas V rocket on November 26, 2011 and landed successfully on August 6, 2012 on the plains of Aeolis Palus in Gale Crater near Aeolis Mons (formerly ""Mount Sharp""). On Mars it is helping to assess Mars' habitability. It can chemically analyze samples by scooping up soil and drill rocks using a laser and sensor system. The ""Curiosity"" rover is about two times longer and fives times more massive than the ""Spirit"" or ""Opportunity"" Mars Exploration Rovers and carries more than ten times the mass of scientific instruments. Unmanned NASA missions Following is a sampling of some of"
"Spirit (rover) Spirit, also known as MER-A (Mars Exploration Rover – A) or MER-2, is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, ""Opportunity"" (MER-B), which landed on the other side of the planet. Its name was chosen through a NASA-sponsored student essay competition. The rover became stuck in late 2009, and its last communication with Earth was sent on March 22, 2010. The rover completed its"
"10, 2012). On August 8, 2012, Mission Control began upgrading the rover's dual computers by deleting the entry-descent-landing software, then uploading and installing the surface operation software; the switchover was completed by August 15. On August 15, 2012, the rover began several days of instrument checks and mobility tests. The first laser testing of the ChemCam by ""Curiosity"" on Mars was performed on a rock, N165 (""Coronation"" rock), near Bradbury Landing on August 19, 2012. The science and operations teams have identified at least six possible routes to the base of Mount Sharp, and estimate about a year studying the"
"successfully. The Phoenix Scout lander descended to the surface with retro-rockets, however, their fuel was hydrazine, and the end products of the plume (water, nitrogen, and ammonia) were not found to have affected the soils at the landing site. The question of life on Mars will probably not be resolved entirely until future missions to Mars either conclusively demonstrate the presence of life on the planet, identify the chemical(s) responsible for the Viking results, or both. The Mars Science Laboratory mission landed the ""Curiosity"" rover on August 6, 2012, and its goals include investigation of the Martian climate, geology, and"
"and first European probe to achieve a soft landing on Mars. NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission (MER), started in 2003, is an ongoing robotic space mission involving two rovers, Spirit (MER-A) and Opportunity, (MER-B) exploring the Martian surface geology. The mission's scientific objective is to search for and characterize a wide range of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity on Mars. The mission is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, which includes three previous successful landers: the two Viking program landers in 1976; and Mars Pathfinder probe in 1997. The ""Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter"" (MRO) is a"
"Endeavour Crater, eight years after landing. The orbital spectroscopy of this crater rim show the signs of phyllosilicate rocks, indicative of older sedimentary deposits. Mars Exploration Rover NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission is an ongoing robotic space mission involving two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, exploring the planet Mars. It began in 2003 with the launch of the two rovers: MER-A ""Spirit"" and MER-B ""Opportunity""—to explore the Martian surface and geology; both landed on Mars at separate locations in January 2004. Both rovers far outlived their planned missions of 90 Martian solar days: MER-A ""Spirit"" was active until 2010,"
"of Physics. In 2001, he enrolled at MIT and joined the Lean Aerospace Initiative where he stayed until 2003. Ferdowsi joined JPL in late 2003, and worked on the Mars Science Laboratory mission through its successful landing nearly nine years later on August 6, 2012. He was a science planner on the ""Cassini–Huygens"" mission, and is involved with the ""Europa Clipper"" as a systems engineer. , Ferdowsi is Fault Protection lead on the NISAR joint Earth observation mission at Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Ferdowsi became a media ""sensation"", or ""meme"", when during the August 6, 2012, landing of the Curiosity rover"
"Mars Pathfinder Mars Pathfinder (MESUR Pathfinder) is an American robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars in 1997. It consisted of a lander, renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station, and a lightweight (10.6 kg/23 lb) wheeled robotic Mars rover named ""Sojourner"", which became the first rover to operate outside the Earth–Moon system. Launched on December 4, 1996 by NASA aboard a Delta II booster a month after the ""Mars Global Surveyor"" was launched, it landed on July 4, 1997 on Mars's Ares Vallis, in a region called Chryse Planitia in the Oxia Palus quadrangle."
"the Trace Gas Orbiter successfully entered Mars orbit on October 19, 2016, ""Schiaparelli"" crashed during its landing attempt. In May 2018 NASA's ""InSight"" lander was launched, along with the twin MarCO CubeSats that will fly by Mars and provide a telemetry relay for the landing. The mission arrived at Mars in November 2018. NASA plans to launch its Mars 2020 astrobiology rover in July or August 2020. The European Space Agency will launch the ExoMars rover and surface platform in July 2020. The United Arab Emirates' ""Mars Hope"" orbiter is planned for launch in 2020, reaching Mars orbit in 2021."
"the rover on the surface of Mars on August 5, 2012. He led the project's mechanical engineering technical development during the mission. Umland also lead his team to invent the rover's ""Sky-crane"". Prior to MSL, Umland was the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's structural dynamics lead for the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), which flew on STS-99. Currently, Umland is the Chief Mechanical Engineer for NASA's InSight mission, which is expected to launch in March 2016 and land on Mars in September 2016. Jeffrey Umland Jeffrey Umland is the Chief Mechanical Engineer of NASA's InSight mission. He previously served as the Chief"
"Mars Exploration Rover NASA's Mars Exploration Rover (MER) mission is an ongoing robotic space mission involving two Mars rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, exploring the planet Mars. It began in 2003 with the launch of the two rovers: MER-A ""Spirit"" and MER-B ""Opportunity""—to explore the Martian surface and geology; both landed on Mars at separate locations in January 2004. Both rovers far outlived their planned missions of 90 Martian solar days: MER-A ""Spirit"" was active until 2010, while MER-B ""Opportunity"" is still active in 2018, and holds the record for the longest distance driven by any off-Earth wheeled vehicle. The mission's"
"surface of Mars. In August 2012, NASA selected ""InSight"", a $425 million lander mission with a heat flow probe and seismometer, to determine the deep interior structure of Mars. Two flyby CubeSats called MarCO were launched with ""InSight"" on 5 May 2018 to provide real-time telemetry during the entry and landing of ""InSight"". The CubeSats separated from the Atlas V booster 1.5 hours after launch and traveled their own trajectories to Mars. ""InSight"" landed successfully on Mars on 26 November 2018. Other future mission concepts include polar probes, Martian aircraft and a network of small meteorological stations. Longterm areas of"
"about above the floor of Gale—three times higher than the Grand Canyon is deep. At 10:32 p.m. PDT on Aug. 5, 2012 (1:32 a.m. EDT on Aug. 6, 2012), the Mars Science Laboratory rover ""Curiosity"" landed on Mars at , at the foot of the layered mountain inside Gale crater. ""Curiosity"" landed within a landing ellipse approximately by . The landing ellipse is about below Martian ""sea level"" (defined as the average elevation around the equator). The expected near-surface atmospheric temperatures at the landing site during ""Curiosity""s primary mission (1 Martian year or 687 Earth days) are from to ."
"Mars Global Remote Sensing Orbiter and Small Rover The Mars Global Remote Sensing Orbiter and Small Rover (HX-1) is a planned project by China to deploy an orbiter and rover on Mars. The mission is planned to be launched in July or August 2020 with a Long March 5 heavy lift rocket. Its stated objective is to search for evidence of both current and past life, and assessing the planet's environment. China's Mars program started in 2009 in a partnership with Russia. However, the Russian spacecraft Fobos-Grunt carrying a Chinese orbiter Yinghuo-1 crashed on 15 January 2012, days after lift-off."
"and mission sols, which are Mars days counted from its landing and typical of Mars surface mission time reporting. Topographic lines and various feature names are also common Opportunity (rover) Opportunity, also known as MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B) or MER-1, is a robotic rover active on Mars since 2004. Launched on July 7, 2003 as part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover program, it landed in Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004, three weeks after its twin ""Spirit"" (MER-A) touched down on the other side of the planet. With a planned 90 sol duration of activity (slightly more than"
"example from the Instrument Context Camera (ICC)"" InSight The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission is a robotic lander designed to study the deep interior of the planet Mars. It was manufactured by Lockheed Martin, is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and most payload instruments it carries were built by European agencies. The mission launched on 5 May 2018 at 11:05 UTC aboard an Atlas V-401 rocket and successfully landed at Elysium Planitia on Mars on 26 November 2018 at 19:52:59 UTC. ""InSight"" traveled during its journey. ""InSight"" objectives are to place a seismometer,"
"compared to Earth's. The mission launched on 5 May 2018 and landed on the surface of Mars at Elysium Planitia on 26 November 2018. The Principal Investigator for RISE is William Folkner of JPL, who led the 1997 investigation of Mars' core using the radio link between Earth and NASA's ""Mars Pathfinder"" (also included the ""Sojourner"" rover). RISE uses the spacecraft's radio connection with Earth to assess perturbations of Mars' rotation axis to within 10 centimeters. These measurements can provide information about the size and composition of Mars' core. The radio science equipment is largely the same as used for"
"tip. Beagle 2 failed while attempting to land on Mars in 2003. ""Spirit"" is a robotic rover on Mars, active from 2004 to 2010. It was one of two rovers of NASA's ongoing Mars Exploration Rover Mission. It landed successfully on Mars at 04:35 Ground UTC on January 4, 2004, three weeks before its twin, ""Opportunity"" (MER-B), landed on the other side of the planet. Its name was chosen through a NASA-sponsored student essay competition. The rover became stuck in late 2009, and its last communication with Earth was sent on March 22, 2010. Chang'e 3 is a Chinese Moon"
"Opportunity mission timeline Opportunity, MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B), is a robotic rover active on the planet Mars since 2004. Launched on July 7, 2003, ""Opportunity"" landed on Mars' Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004 at 05:05 Ground UTC (about 13:15 Mars local time), three weeks after its twin ""Spirit"" (MER-A), also part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission, touched down on the other side of the planet. While ""Spirit"" became immobile in 2009 and ceased communications in 2010, ""Opportunity"" remains active as of December 11, 2017, having already exceeded its planned 90 sol (Martian days) duration of activity"
"Opportunity (rover) Opportunity, also known as MER-B (Mars Exploration Rover – B) or MER-1, is a robotic rover active on Mars since 2004. Launched on July 7, 2003 as part of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover program, it landed in Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004, three weeks after its twin ""Spirit"" (MER-A) touched down on the other side of the planet. With a planned 90 sol duration of activity (slightly more than 90 earth days), ""Spirit"" functioned until getting stuck in 2009 and ceased communications in 2010, while ""Opportunity"" was active as of June 10, 2018 when a dust storm"
"he has worked for about ten years designing, testing and building the sky crane landing system for the ""Curiosity"" rover. Steltzner was phase lead and development manager for EDL (Entry, Descent and Landing) of the lander, which successfully landed on Mars on August 5, 2012. The sky crane is an entirely new technology system, Steltzner said of it ""When people look at it...it looks crazy. That's a very natural thing. Sometimes when we look at it, it looks crazy. It is the result of reasoned, engineering thought. But it still looks crazy."" The sky crane allows for a precise landing"
"the ""InSight"" Mars lander mission in September 2016. The maneuver's engine burn lasted for 75 seconds. ""InSight"" was delayed and missed the 2016 launch window, but was successfully launched during the next window on May 5, 2018 and landed on November 26, 2018. Three cameras, two spectrometers and a radar are included on the orbiter along with two ""science-facility instruments"", which use data from engineering subsystems to collect science data. Three technology experiments will test and demonstrate new equipment for future missions. It is expected MRO will obtain about 5,000 images per year. The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment camera"
"of early January 2018, the rover has traveled over and climbed over in elevation to, and around, the mountain base since landing at ""Bradbury Landing"" in August 2012. <br> Mount Sharp Mount Sharp, officially Aeolis Mons (), is a mountain on Mars. It forms the central peak within Gale crater and is located around , rising high from the valley floor. It has the ID of 15,000 in the ""Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature"" from the US Geological Survey. On August 6, 2012, ""Curiosity"" (the Mars Science Laboratory rover) landed in ""Yellowknife"" ""Quad 51"" of Aeolis Palus, next to the mountain."
"Laboratory-class rover with precision landing and sampling/caching capability. To provide a name that fit the mission concept better, it was changed in August 2009 from the generic Mid-Range Rover (MRR) to Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher (MAX-C). In April 2011, because of a budgeting crisis, a proposal was announced to fly only one rover in 2018 that would be larger than either of the vehicles in the paired concept, ExoMars (ESA) and MAX-C (NASA). One suggestion was that the new vehicle be built in Europe and take on a combination of European and USA instruments. NASA proposed to provide a launch rocket"
"lift vehicle. The Space Launch System is intended to launch the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle and other elements towards the Moon, near-Earth asteroids, and one day Mars. The Orion MPCV conducted an unmanned test launch on a Delta IV Heavy rocket in December 2014. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is currently scheduled to launch in May 2020. On August 6, 2012, NASA landed the rover ""Curiosity"" on Mars. On August 27, 2012, ""Curiosity"" transmitted the first pre-recorded message from the surface of Mars back to Earth, made by Administrator Charlie Bolden: NASA's ongoing investigations include in-depth surveys of Mars"
"InSight The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport (InSight) mission is a robotic lander designed to study the deep interior of the planet Mars. It was manufactured by Lockheed Martin, is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and most payload instruments it carries were built by European agencies. The mission launched on 5 May 2018 at 11:05 UTC aboard an Atlas V-401 rocket and successfully landed at Elysium Planitia on Mars on 26 November 2018 at 19:52:59 UTC. ""InSight"" traveled during its journey. ""InSight"" objectives are to place a seismometer, called SEIS, on the surface of Mars"
"on the order of landing on Mars (""Spirit"" first then ""Opportunity""). The rovers were named through a student essay competition sponsored by NASA, the Planetary Society and Lego. The winning entry was by Sofi Collis, a third-grade Russian-American student from Arizona, who named both rovers. The mission is known as the Mars Science Laboratory. The rover vehicle was named through an essay contest. Finalist names were ranked by the public between March 23–29, 2009 from among Adventure, Amelia, Journey, Perception, Pursuit, Sunrise, Vision, Wonder, and Curiosity. through a public poll on the NASA website. On May 27, 2009, the winning"
"two ramps. The ""Mars Pathfinder"" entry descent and landing system design was used (with some modification) on the Mars Exploration Rover mission. Likewise, many design aspects of the ""Sojourner"" rover (e.g. the rocker-bogie mobility architecture and the navigation algorithms) were also successfully used on the Mars Exploration Rover mission. The ""Sojourner"" rover exit from the lander occurred on Sol 2, after its landing on July 4, 1997. As the next sols progressed it approached some rocks, which the scientists named ""Barnacle Bill"", ""Yogi"", and ""Scooby-Doo"", after famous cartoon characters. The rover made measurements of the elements found in those rocks"
"Bradbury Landing Bradbury Landing is a landing location on the planet Mars inside Gale crater. It marks the landing site of Mars Science Laboratory ""Curiosity"" rover on August 6, 2012. The location was named by NASA for Ray Bradbury on August 22, 2012, his 92nd birthday, in honor of the author who died a few months earlier, on June 5. The coordinates of the landing site are: . Gale Crater is the MSL landing site. Within Gale Crater is a mountain, named Aeolis Mons (""Mount Sharp""), of layered rocks, rising about above the crater floor, that ""Curiosity"" will investigate. The"
"it landed on the Martian Meridiani Planum on January 25, 2004 at 05:05 Ground UTC (about 13:15 local time), three weeks after its twin ""Spirit"" (MER-A) touched down on the other side of the planet. On July 28, 2014, NASA announced that ""Opportunity"", after having traveled over on the planet Mars, has set a new ""off-world"" record as the rover having driven the greatest distance, surpassing the previous record held by the Soviet Union's Lunokhod 2 rover that had traveled . () On 26 November 2011, NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission was successfully launched for Mars. The mission successfully landed"