Elected in 2007, Cristina Kirchner is the female President of which country?
"Argentina's history and the first non-Justicialist to rule the rather wealthy Santa Fe province, and Center-left Fabiana Ríos (ARI) became the first woman to be elected governor of Tierra del Fuego, while the right-wing Mauricio Macri was elected Chief of Government of Buenos Aires City in June 2007. On December 10, 2007, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner took over the presidency from her husband, after winning elections with 44% of the vote. Néstor Kirchner remained a highly influential politician during the term of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. The press developed the term """"presidential marriage"""" to make reference to both of them"
"Néstor Kirchner refused to run for a re-election, and his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner was elected president in 2007. They returned to the standard system: oath of office in the Congress, and exchange of sash and staff in the Casa Rosada. Néstor died in 2010 and Cristina was reelected the following year. The ceremony took place completely in the Congress. She received the sash and staff from her daughter Florencia Kirchner, who did not held any political office. She made the oath of office in the name of God, the nation and ""him"", in reference to the late Kirchner."
"needs change. As Ms Fernández slips out of office the economy is starting to crumble. Currency controls and trade restrictions [...] are choking productivity; inflation hovers at around 25%. [...] Argentina cannot seek external financing until it ends its standoff with creditors who rejected a debt-restructuring plan. Unless the new president quickly reverses Ms Fernández’s populist policies, a crisis is inevitable"" Kirchnerism Kirchnerism ( ) is an Argentinian political group formed by the supporters of the late Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007; and of his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, Senator since 2016 and President from"
"2007 and proposed Cristina Kirchner instead, it was rumored that the couple might attempt to run for the presidency in alternate elections, to circumvent the constitutional limit of a single re-election. The death of Néstor Kirchner in 2010 derailed such a plan. She had a low positive image, below 30%. On 21 June 2011, Cristina Kirchner announced she would run for a second term as president. A few days later, she announced that her economic minister Amado Boudou would run for vice-president on her ticket. This selection was an unexpected one, as Boudou usually acted like a rock star instead"
"current President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Her husband and predecessor, Néstor Kirchner, was considered a top candidate to succeed Fernández until his death on 27 October 2010. Fernández had suffered a significant decline in approval during the 2008 Argentine government conflict with the agricultural sector and the subsequent recession, and the ruling Front for Victory lost its absolute majority in both houses of Congress during the June 2009 mid-term elections. The economy, and her approval ratings, recovered steadily during 2010, however, and the 2011 electoral season began with Fernández' job approval at around 58 percent, with polling indicating that she"
"socialist, feminist, ecologist and internationalist organization. Its internal organization is run by assemblies. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (the President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015) and her husband Néstor Kirchner were said to practice Kirchnerism, a variant of Peronism that was often mentioned alongside other early 21st century Latin American left-wing populist movements in Boliva and Venezuela. During Cristina Fernández de Kirchner time in office, she often engaged in criticism of the United States, gave speeches with anti-globalization overtones and sought to form economic alliances with non-Western countries such as China and Russia, with some degree of success. She has"
"On 28 October the candidate of the Front for Victory, Cristina Fernandez won the general election with 45.29%, leading by over 22 points to Elisa Carrio (Civic Coalition). The formula was imposed in almost all provincial districts and thus became the first woman elected to the office of President of Argentina. She assumed this role on 10 December 2007. One of the first steps taken by President Fernandez was the creation of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, designating responsible Lino Barañao, a renowned molecular biologist. The move was accompanied by the announcement of the creation of a scientific-technological"
"Mireya Moscoso de Arias (Panama, 1999-2004), Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (Argentina, 2007-2015), Laura Chinchilla (Costa Rica, 2010-14), and Dilma Rousseff (Brazil, 2011-2016). Despite the high numbers of female politicians, little progress has been made on issues such as gender-based income inequality. One of the highly significant things and provisions introduced by the new Companies Act of India, is the mandatory inclusion of at least one woman director to the Board of every prescribed class of companies in India. This provision can be considered as revolutionary initiation by the Government of India, for the purposes of empowerment of the women in"
"to the ANSeS' aegis when this choice was made available in December 2006. Massa was elected Mayor of the Paraná Delta ""partido"" of Tigre in October 2007. Those elections also brought President Néstor Kirchner's wife, Senator Cristina Kirchner, to the Presidency. Enjoying large majorities in Congress, her administration suffered its first major setback when her proposals for higher agricultural export taxes were defeated on July 16, 2008, with Vice President Julio Cobos's surprise, tie-breaking vote against them. The controversy helped lead to the July 23 resignation of Alberto Fernández, the president's Cabinet Chief, and to his replacement with Sergio Massa"
"of Congress. At the 2007 presidential election, FPV rallied through the Plural Consensus alliance, including non-PJ candidates. Its presidential candidate Cristina Fernández de Kirchner won the Presidency on the first round, obtaining 45.29% of the total votes, some 22% ahead of her nearest challenger (Elisa Carrió for the Civic Coalition alliance), this being the widest margin any candidate had got on any modern election held in Argentina at that time. At the 2009 mid-term legislative election, the FPV lost its congressional majorities in both chambers, gaining just 30.80% of the national votes, thus narrowly becoming the first minority party at"
"community center in Buenos Aires. Nisman was murdered hours before he was due to testify against the former president, which the Federal Court of Buenos Aires ruled as a ""direct consequence"" of Nisman's accusations against Kirchner. In 2017, Judge Claudio Bonadio accused Kirchner of treason and called on the country’s senate to permit her arrest and trial for allegedly covering up Iranian involvement in a 1994 bomb attack. Kirchner is currently referred for public trial over alleged cover-up of Iranian involvement in 1994 Jewish center bombing. Cristina Fernández was born on 19 February 1953 at Tolosa, a suburb of La"
"the same post under Kirchner's wife and successor, President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, upon her election in 2007. A new system of variable taxes on agricultural exports led to the 2008 Argentine government conflict with the agricultural sector, during which Fernández acted as the government's chief negotiator. The negotiations failed, however, and following Vice President Julio Cobos' surprise, tie-breaking vote against the bill in the Senate, Fernández resigned on July 23, 2008. He was named head of the City of Buenos Aires chapter of the Justicialist Party, but minimized his involvement in Front for Victory campaigns for Congress in 2009."
"needs either more than 45% of the valid votes, or more than 40% of the valid votes with a margin of 10 points from the runner-up. Following months of speculation, and despite high approval ratings, President Kirchner confirmed his decision to forfeit the 2007 race, and the ruling Front for Victory (FpV), a center-left Peronist Party, nominated the First Lady, Senator Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, on July 19. Acknowledging the support of a growing number of UCR figures (""K Radicals"") to the populist policies advanced by Kirchnerism, the FpV nominated Mendoza Province Governor Julio Cobos as her running mate. The"
"Kirchnerism Kirchnerism ( ) is an Argentinian political group formed by the supporters of the late Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina from 2003 to 2007; and of his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, Senator since 2016 and President from 2007 until 2015. Although the Kirchners are members of the Justicialist Party (the original, official and largest Peronist party founded by Juan Perón in 1947), Peronism itself is a broad movement and many Peronists oppose them (""Anti-Kirchnerist Peronism""). Kirchnerism is generally considered to fall into the category of left-wing populism. Although originally a faction in the Justicialist Party, Kirchnerism later received"
"on abortion, declaring March 25 the ""Day of the Unborn Child,"" and was recognized by Pope John Paul II for his dedication to this cause, though several of Argentina’s preeminent bishops condemned his economic policies for the poverty they created. Relations between Church and state experienced some tension after the election of Néstor Kirchner in 2003. His administration clashed with Church authorities sharply over issues of abortion, contraception, and sex education, and castigated the Church for its willingness to accommodate the military regime during the 1970s and early 1980s. Kirchner was succeeded by his wife, Cristina Fernández, in 2007. In"
"2008, Fernández proposed the transfer of nearly US$30 billion in private pension holdings to the social security system, a law that was passed by Congress in late November. President Cristina Kirchner is a member of the Council of Women World Leaders, an international network of current and former women presidents and prime ministers whose mission is to mobilize the highest-level women leaders globally for collective action on issues of critical importance to women and equitable development. Fernández was invited to the prestigious Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy in Washington, D.C., on November 15, 2008, by President George"
"Santos from Colombia, Rafael Correa from Ecuador, Evo Morales from Bolivia, Dilma Rousseff from Brazil, and representatives of other countries attending the inauguration. A car accident in 1994 seriously injured Michetti and left her in a wheelchair. Michetti has one son and had a long relationship with the journalist Eduardo Cura. Michetti is a staunch Roman Catholic and an opponent of abortion legalization and same-sex marriages in her country. Gabriela Michetti Marta Gabriela Michetti Illia (; born 28 May 1965) is an Argentine politician, currently serving as Vice President of Argentina since 10 December 2015. Before her, the only woman"
"which had been approved almost unanimously in Congress (only 3 senators opposed the law). Critics have stated that the President's attitude would threaten over 75% of the country's water reserves. Cristina Kirchner has travelled extensively as president, visiting Algeria, Brazil, Cuba, Egypt, France, Libya, Mexico, Qatar, Russia, Spain, the UK, the U.S. and Venezuela, among other nations. Following the June 28, 2009, mid-term elections, the ruling FPV's party list lost its absolute majority in both houses of Congress, shedding a further 24 seats in the Lower House (including allies) and 4 in the Senate. They lost in the four most"
"Alicia Kirchner Alicia Margarita Kirchner (born July 18, 1946) is an Argentine Justicialist Party politician. She is the elder sister of the late former President Néstor Kirchner and served in his government as Minister of Social Development, a role which she held under President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, her sister-in-law, until the end of her presidential term on December 9, 2015. On December 10, 2015, she was sworn in as the governor of the Province of Santa Cruz. Kirchner worked as a teacher and social worker, holding a PhD in social work. From 1975 to 1983 she served as a"
"Canada's Kim Campbell, the UK's Margaret Thatcher, Australia's Julia Gillard, Israel's Golda Meir, and France's Édith Cresson. Other female national leaders include Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany, President Dilma Rousseff of Brazil, and President Isabel Perón of Argentina. Even Pakistan and Turkey, countries often viewed as particularly male-dominated have had female prime ministers. Therefore, the United States, a country which promotes the rights of women and girls around the world, is conspicuous for having only male presidents. In popular media in the United States, female politicians see some focus on their appearance; more so than their male counterparts. A 2011"
"the chamber of deputies, including the number of legislators needed for quorum. The Kirchners had lost that majority in the 2009 elections. She invited children on stage during the celebrations, and Vice President Amado Boudou played an electric guitar. As she had in 2007, she gave a conciliatory speech. When she first took office, Cristina Kirchner replaced the previous minister of economy, Miguel Gustavo Peirano, who had been appointed by her husband as former president. Peirano was succeeded by Martín Lousteau in December 2007. He served as the first of several ministers of economy under her presidency. The attempt to"
"and Greek. Cristina married team handball player Iñaki Urdangarín in Barcelona on 4 October 1997. On this occasion, she was created Duchess of Palma de Mallorca for life.<ref name=""Real Decreto 1502/1997"">Real Decreto 1502/1997 Boletín Oficial del Estado (BOE)</ref> The couple have four children, all born at Teknon Medical Centre in Barcelona: Juan (born 29 September 1999), Pablo (born 6 December 2000), Miguel (born 30 April 2002), and Irene (born 5 June 2005). They lived in Washington, D.C. from 2009 to 2012, where her husband worked for Telefónica. In August 2013 she moved with her four children to Geneva, Switzerland, to"
"stepped aside in 2007 in support of his wife, Cristina Fernández, who was elected president. He participated in the unsuccessful Operation Emmanuel to release FARC hostages, and was narrowly defeated in the 2009 midterm election for deputy of Buenos Aires Province. Kirchner was appointed Secretary General of UNASUR in 2010. He and his wife were involved (either directly or through their close aides) in the 2013 political scandal known as the Route of the K-Money. Kirchner died of cardiac arrest on 27 October 2010, and received a state funeral. Kirchner was born Néstor Carlos Kirchner Jr. on 25 February 1950,"
"the United States, Mexico and Canada. FTAA negotiations have effectively stalled until at least the conclusion of the 2006 Doha round global trade talks. In 2005, Argentina assumed again (see history here ) the two-year non-permanent position on the UN Security Council. As of 2007, during Kirchner's almost four years in power, Argentina entered into 294 bilateral agreements, including 39 with Venezuela, 37 with Chile, 30 with Bolivia, 21 with Brazil, 12 with China, 10 with Germany, 9 with the United States and Italy, and 7 with Cuba, Paraguay, Spain and Russia. Mauricio Macri started his term with a series"
"In May 2003 Néstor Kirchner became President and appointed his sister to his cabinet in a similar position she had held under him at provincial level. In December 2005, Kirchner was elected to the Argentine Senate as senator for Santa Cruz Province for the Front for Victory faction, replacing her sister-in-law Cristina Fernández de Kirchner who stood in Buenos Aires Province. From her senate seat in a few months she steered two important social development matters through the Senate and was widely seen as still holding great influence in the ministry. However, in August 2006 she returned to her former"
"for the Front for Victory party, becoming President in the 2007 presidential election. Her first term of office started with a conflict with the agricultural sector and her proposed taxation system was rejected. After this, she nationalized private pension funds and fired the president of the Central Bank of Argentina. The price of public services remained subsidized and she denationalized energy firm YPF, a company which had sorely underperformed when under private management. The country fell into a technical sovereign default in 2014 not because of incapacity to service debt, but due to United States legal sanctions imposed on the"
"basic understanding of German, French and Italian. Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović (; born 29 April 1968) is a Croatian politician and diplomat serving as the 4th and current President of Croatia since 2015. She is the first woman to be elected to the office since the first multi-party elections in 1990. At 46 years of age, she also became the youngest person to assume the presidency. Before her election as President of Croatia, Grabar-Kitarović held a number of governmental and diplomatic positions. She was Minister of European Affairs from 2003 to 2005, the first female Minister of Foreign Affairs and"
"current president, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and leader of the ruling Justicialist Party, said in a speech on February 17, 2009, that due to the international crisis, Argentina in 2009 will face ""the most difficult year in the last century."" Ecuador is seeking ways to default on sovereign debts incurred under the government of Gustavo Noboa, which the present government deems to have been incurred illegally. If Ecuador defaults, it will be the first developing country to default on sovereign debt since the crisis began. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) said as soon as February 2008 that a U.S. slowdown"
"Borjana Krišto grew up and attended elementary and high school in Livno. She graduated from law school from the University of Banja Luka in Banja Luka. In 2001, in Sarajevo she passed the bar exam. Borjana Krišto Borjana Krišto (born 13 August 1961) is a Bosnian Croat politician, affiliated with the Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina. She is the former president of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina – one of two political entities to compose Bosnia and Herzegovina – from February 22, 2007 to March 17, 2011. She was also the first woman to hold the position."
"gaining 1.5% or higher of the valid votes will be allowed to run in the main elections. The president and vice-president were chosen directly in a two-round system election. Candidates who obtained less than 1.5% during the preliminary round on 14 August were excluded from the general election on 23 October. Early results on election night awarded incumbent president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner of the Front for Victory (FpV) a second, four-year term. Winning in the City of Buenos Aires and every province except San Luis (won by Federal Commitment candidate Alberto Rodríguez Saá), she became the first candidate to"
"the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Carrió ran again for the Presidency on the 2007 elections, representing a front called the Civic Coalition. In March 2007 she resigned her seat in Congress to conduct the campaign. Together with her running mate Rubén Giustiniani (chairman of the Socialist Party), Carrió obtained about 23% of the vote, coming in a distant second after Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. She won the majority vote in two of the three largest cities of Argentina (Buenos Aires and Rosario), but she suffered a larger defeat in Buenos Aires Province, the most populous district, and came up"
"President Cristina Kirchner, the successor and widow of Néstor Kirchner. She defended the governor against calls from the opposition for impeachment following his refusal to reinstate Eduardo Sosa, a prosecutor who had been dismissed by then-Governor Kirchner in 1995, and who won a federal court ruling to that effect. Peralta presided over a federally and provincially funded public works boom in Santa Cruz. Much as his predecessors did, however, Peralta faced restive labor unions in the province, and contended with a series of general strikes in the educational and petroleum sectors during 2011; strikes in the latter industry reportedly cost"
"for Finnish volunteer organisations in the fields of health and social care. In 2011, she attended the opening of the Harpa concert hall in Reykjavík, Iceland. During a state visit from the Emir of Qatar, Miklič Türk prepared a visit for the First Lady of Qatar to the University of Ljubljana to meet the rector and discuss inter-nation co-operation. Barbara Miklič Türk Barbara Miklič Türk ( Miklič, born 1948) is a Slovenian politician, who was First Lady of Slovenia from 2007 to 2012, when her husband Danilo Türk was President. Miklič Türk was born in 1948 in Ljubljana, Socialist Republic"