In 1774 who named Norfolk Island after Mary Howard Duchess of Norfolk?
"(c. 1654–1695) of Elmore in Gloucestershire. The Blount-Guise marriage was commemorated by the surviving heraldic overmantel above the fireplace of the great hall of Blagdon manor house. This shows the initials ""EB"" and displays the arms of Blount (""Barry nebuly of six or and sable"") impaling ""Gules, seven mascles vair 3,3,1"" (Guise) above a scroll inscribed with a Latin motto ""Lux Tua Via Mea"" (""Your light is my path"") with the date ""1708"". James Cook named Norfolk Island in honour of the Duchess of Norfolk in 1774, although he did not know at the time that she was already dead."
"Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk (died 1773) Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk (née Mary Blount; ( 1712 – 1773), was a British noblewoman after whom Norfolk Island, a small island in the Pacific Ocean, was named. The youngest of three daughters of Edward Blount (d. 1726) of Blagdon, Paignton in Devon, by his wife Anne Guise, a daughter of Sir John Guise, 2nd Baronet. She was a co-heiress of her father's property. Born into an exiled Roman Catholic family, she spent her adolescence and early years of marriage on the continent. On 26 November 1727, she married Edward Howard, who"
"1774, on his second voyage to the South Pacific on HMS ""Resolution"". He named it after Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk ( 17121773). Sir John Call argued the advantages of Norfolk Island in that it was uninhabited and that New Zealand flax grew there. In 1786 the British government included Norfolk Island as an auxiliary settlement, as proposed by John Call, in its plan for colonisation of New South Wales. The decision to settle Norfolk Island was taken due to Empress Catherine II of Russia's decision to restrict sales of hemp. Practically all the hemp and flax required by the"
"Cook came across the island on 10 October 1774. Finding the island uninhabited, Cook claimed it for Britain and named it after English noblewoman Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk. The Norfolk Island Act of 1913 established Norfolk Island as a territory under the authority of the Commonwealth of Australia, transferring the territory from the British crown in July 1914. In 1786 the British government included Norfolk Island as an auxiliary settlement, proposed by Sir John Call. When the First Fleet arrived at Port Jackson in January 1788, its commander, Captain Arthur Phillip, ordered Lieutenant Philip Gidley King to take control"
"named in 1788 by Lieutenant Philip Gidley King for Evan Nepean, Under Secretary of the Home Department of the United Kingdom. However, it may have been named after Captain Nepean, who commanded the colony when King sailed to New Zealand in the ""Britannia"" to return two Māoris. The island is made of calcareous rock dating from the late Pleistocene and is a breeding site for several species of seabirds. Before being cleared in the 1790s, the island was home to about 200 Norfolk Island Pines. Today, native plants present on the island include Pigface, Native Spinach, Moo-oo, Native Flax and"
"Maria Howard, Duchess of Norfolk Maria Winifreda Francisca Howard, Duchess of Norfolk (""née"" Shireburn or Sherburne; – 26 September 1754) was an English noblewoman and the wife of Thomas Howard, 8th Duke of Norfolk. The only surviving child and heir of Sir Nicholas Shireburn, 1st and last Baronet, of Stonyhurst, she was born into a prominent Catholic Lancashire family. She was sixteen years old when she married the Duke of Norfolk on 26 May 1709. She brought a large dowry of more than £30,000. When her husband was arrested on 29 October 1722 under suspicion of involvement in a Jacobite"
"Norfolk Island, which proved a challenge for the hardy pioneers during the first few years, but eventually the district became self-supporting. In 1825 the original name of the town, Elizabeth Town, was changed to New Norfolk in honour of their former home. Many founding folk were ""First Fleeters"", transferred from Sydney to Norfolk Island when it was settled just a few weeks after Sydney. Ten First Fleeters are buried in the Methodist Chapel at Lawitta, New Norfolk. Notable is Betty King, née Elizabeth Thackery, a first fleet convict girl who married at New Norfolk on the 28th January 1810. The"
"Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk (died 1705) Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk and 7th Baroness Mordaunt (c.1659–17 November 1705) was a British peer. Born Lady Mary Mordaunt, she was the only child and heiress of Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough and Lady Penelope O'Brien, daughter of Barnabas O'Brien, 6th Earl of Thomond. On 8 August 1677, she married Henry Howard, Earl of Arundel, who later succeeded his father as Duke of Norfolk in 1684. The duke and duchess separated a year later and she succeeded to her father's barony in 1697. The duke and duchess were divorced in 1700,"
"HMS Norfolk (1757) HMS ""Norfolk"" was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, and the second ship to bear the name. She was launched on 8 December 1757 at Deptford Dockyard. Her first commander was Captain Robert Hughes and she flew the broad pennant of Commodore Sir Peircy Brett. ""Norfolk"" emulated her predecessor (HMS ""Norfolk"" of 1693) by reinforcing the West Indies, where she escorted a fleet that was transporting vital stores and six infantry regiments to that region. She became flagship of the Commander-In-Chief East Indies Station, Rear-Admiral and his successor Vice-Admiral Samuel Cornish. ""Norfolk"""
"was decommissioned in 1764, after her return to Portsmouth was broken up in 1774. HMS Norfolk (1757) HMS ""Norfolk"" was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, and the second ship to bear the name. She was launched on 8 December 1757 at Deptford Dockyard. Her first commander was Captain Robert Hughes and she flew the broad pennant of Commodore Sir Peircy Brett. ""Norfolk"" emulated her predecessor (HMS ""Norfolk"" of 1693) by reinforcing the West Indies, where she escorted a fleet that was transporting vital stores and six infantry regiments to that region. She became flagship"
"set in Norfolk Island, which thus made its first appearance in a work of fiction. Georg Forster had been one of the party of the first Europeans to ever to set foot on Norfolk Island when it was discovered in October 1774 during Cook’s second voyage, and Therese had drawn on his description of it in his ""Reise um die Welt"". ""(in German)"" Therese Huber's published works as cited by ""An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers"". Other Publications Therese Huber Therese Huber (7 May 1764 – 15 June 1829) was a German author. She was one of the so-called ""Universitätsmamsellen"","
"for Norfolk Island, being a popular ornamental tree on mainland Australia, (where two related species grow), and also worldwide. Norfolk Island was settled by East Polynesian seafarers either from the Kermadec Islands north of New Zealand or from the North Island of New Zealand. They arrived in the thirteenth or fourteenth century, and survived for several generations before disappearing. They must have disappeared at least a few hundred years before Europeans arrived as the island was covered with forest by then. The first European known to have sighted and landed on the island was Captain James Cook, on 10 October"
"but changed it to Hervey Island in honor of Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol, then a Lord of the Admiralty when he decided instead give the name of ""Sandwich Islands"" to the Hawaiian Islands. This name was later corrupted to Hervey's Island, or Hervey's Isle, and later applied to the entire southern group, as the Hervey Islands. This name remained popular until 1824 when the islands were renamed the Cook Islands by the Russian cartographer von Krusenstern, in honor of Capt. Cook who had died in 1779. In April/May 1965 the population briefly increased to 120 when the island"
"the settlement of Norfolk Island into their plan, with its attractions of timber and flax, proposed by Banks' Royal Society colleagues, Sir John Call and Sir George Young. At the same time, humanitarians and reformers were campaigning in Britain against the appalling conditions in British prisons and hulks. In 1777 prison reformer John Howard wrote ""The State of Prisons in England and Wales"", exposing the harsh conditions of the prison system to ""genteel society"". Penal transportation was already well-established as a central plank of English criminal law and until the American Revolution about a thousand criminals per year were sent"
"Amelia"" had been broken up. She herself was broken up in 1757. HMS Norfolk (1693) HMS ""Norfolk"" was an 80-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was built at Southampton and launched on 28 March 1693, and was the first ship to bear the name. She was rebuilt at Plymouth according to the 1719 Establishment, and was re-launched on 21 September 1728. Instead of carrying her armament on two decks as she had done originally, she now carried them on three gundecks, though she continued to be rated a third rate. She gained her first"
"HMS Norfolk (1693) HMS ""Norfolk"" was an 80-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was built at Southampton and launched on 28 March 1693, and was the first ship to bear the name. She was rebuilt at Plymouth according to the 1719 Establishment, and was re-launched on 21 September 1728. Instead of carrying her armament on two decks as she had done originally, she now carried them on three gundecks, though she continued to be rated a third rate. She gained her first battle honour at Vélez-Málaga in 1704. The ship conducted a number of"
"Norfolk (1798 sloop) The Colonial sloop Norfolk was built on Norfolk Island in 1798 of Norfolk Island Pine. She was wrecked in 1800. Geoffrey Ingleton states that ""Norfolk"" ""... started life as the longboat of HMS Sirius"" Cumpston describes ""Norfolk"" as, “A decked longboat built at Norfolk I[sland].” Governor Hunter quickly put ""Norfolk"" under the command of Matthew Flinders to be used as a survey vessel. In 1798-99 ""Norfolk"" was used by Flinders and Bass to circumnavigate Tasmania – proving the existence of Bass Strait. Flinders also took ""Norfolk"" north to chart Cook's ""Morton's Bay"" (now Moreton Bay) and Hervey's"
"City Shire, which included an area on both sides of Hampton Roads. The northern portion became Elizabeth City County in 1643. It is now incorporated into the city limits of Hampton. In 1636 the southern portion of Elizabeth City Shire became New Norfolk County by order of King Charles I of England. This area was divided again in 1637 into Upper and Lower Norfolk counties. In 1691 Lower Norfolk County was in turn divided in two to form Norfolk and Princess Anne counties to accommodate settlement. Captain Adam Thoroughgood (1604–1640) is credited with naming Norfolk County. Thoroughgood was a prominent"
"Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk, (11 January 1655 – 2 April 1701) was an English nobleman, politician, and soldier. He was the son of Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk and Lady Anne Somerset, daughter of Edward Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Worcester and Elizabeth Dormer. He was summoned to the House of Lords in his own right as Baron Mowbray in 1678. His unhappy marriage was a subject of much gossip, and ended in divorce. He married Mary Mordaunt, the only daughter and heiress of the 2nd Earl of Peterborough and Penelope O'Brien."
"a final county subdivision took place when Lower Norfolk County was split to form Norfolk County (present day Norfolk, Chesapeake, and parts of Portsmouth) and Princess Anne County (present day Virginia Beach). Norfolk was incorporated in 1705 and re-chartered as a borough in 1736. In 1753, Lt. Governor Robert Dinwiddie presented the growing city of 4,000 with a long, 104 ounce silver mace. The mace was a symbol of royal authority and is currently displayed in the Chrysler Museum of Art. By 1775, Norfolk had developed into one of the most prosperous cities in Virginia. It was a major shipbuilding"
"and 12–14 cm diameter, and take about 18 months to mature. They disintegrate at maturity to release the nut-like edible seeds. The scientific name ""heterophylla"" (""different leaves"") derives from the variation in the leaves between young and adult plants. The first European known to have sighted Norfolk Island was Captain James Cook. In 1774 on his second voyage to the South Pacific in HMS ""Resolution"", Cook noted the presence of large forests of tall, straight trees that appeared to be suitable for use as masts and yards for sailing ships. However, when the island was occupied in 1788 by convicts"
"Charlotte Fitzalan-Howard, Duchess of Norfolk Charlotte Sophia Fitzalan-Howard (""née"" Leveson-Gower), Duchess of Norfolk (bapt. 9 July 1788–7 July 1870) was a daughter of the 1st Duke of Sutherland and his wife, Elizabeth, suo jure Countess of Sutherland. On 27 December 1814, she married Henry Charles Howard (b. 1791), the son and heir of Bernard Edward Howard, who was the heir presumptive to his childless and elderly cousin Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk. She became the Countess of Arundel and Surrey in 1815 when Bernard succeeded as 12th Duke, and upon the death of her husband's father in 1842, she"
"Polynesian settlement of the area occurred between AD 1200 and AD 1600. Discovered by Captain James Cook RN in 1774, Norfolk Island was settled on 6 March 1788, six weeks after the First Fleet landed in Sydney. Cook reported the island had rich soils, tall pines suitable for ships masts and spars, and native flax that could be used for making canvas. Governor Philip had instructions to settle and secure the island as soon as possible to secure its potential naval supplies. Arriving on the ""Supply"", Lieutenant Philip Gidley King RN and a party of nine male and six female"
"named after Royal Navy Lieutenant Henry Lidgbird Ball, who reported discovering it in 1788. On the same voyage, Ball also reported discovering Lord Howe Island. In ""The Voyage Of Governor Phillip To Botany Bay With An Account Of The Establishment Of The Colonies Of Port Jackson And Norfolk Island"" (1789), Arthur Phillip gives this description of the area around Ball's Pyramid, before describing Lord Howe Island: There lies about four miles from the south-west part of the pyramid, a dangerous rock, which shows itself a little above the surface of the water, and appears not to be larger than a"
"the original structure and erected a magnificent new building with two fronts. The house and estate passed to Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk. The estate was confiscated by the Crown when he was arrested on suspicion of treason. The house served as a residence for both of Henry VIII's daughters: Princess Mary and Princess Elizabeth at different times during the reign of Edward VI. When Mary became Queen in 1553, she granted the estate to the 3rd Duke's grandson, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk. The 4th Duke held the estate until 1572, when he was attainted for high"
"Padua, Italy. Thomas' brother, Sir Henry Howard served as Earl Marshal until Thomas died in 1677, then succeeded him as Duke. Another brother, Philip, became a Catholic cardinal. Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk (9 March 162713 December 1677) was an English nobleman. Thomas Howard was born to Henry Frederick Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel and Elizabeth Stuart, Countess of Arundel. In 1660 King Charles II, acting on a virtually unanimous petition from the House of Lords, recreated the dukedom of Norfolk, which had been forfeited for treason in 1572, and gave it to"
"Norfolk. The crown seized Arundel upon his execution for conspiring to marry Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1572. The castle was later returned to his heirs, the successor Earls of Arundel. Although the castle remained in the hands of the Howard family over the succeeding centuries, it was not their favourite residence, and the various Dukes of Norfolk invested their time and energy into improving other ducal estates, including Norfolk House in London and Worksop. Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk, was known for his restoration work and improvements to the castle beginning in 1787 and continuing for a number"
"May 1794. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1803. In 1834, the Duke of Norfolk was invested by King William IV into the Order of the Garter. He died in 1842 at the age of 76. Upon his death, his only son, Henry Charles Howard, became the 13th Duke of Norfolk. An ardent Roman Catholic, like most of his family, he strongly supported Catholic Emancipation, and gave offence to his Protestant neighbours by giving a banquet to celebrate the passage of the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829, He was also"
"History of Norfolk Island The history of Norfolk Island dates back to the fourteenth or fifteenth century when it was settled by Polynesian seafarers. Norfolk Island was first settled by East Polynesian seafarers either from the Kermadec Islands north of New Zealand or from the North Island of New Zealand. They arrived in the fourteenth or fifteenth century, and survived for several generations before disappearing. Their main village site has been excavated at Emily Bay, and they also left behind stone tools, the Polynesian rat, and banana trees as evidence of their sojourn. The ""harakeke"" (""Phormium tenax""), or New Zealand"
"Pasquale Paoli in 1755, to give women the right to vote. By the mid-1850s the Pitcairn community was outgrowing the island and they appealed to Queen Victoria for help. Queen Victoria offered them Norfolk Island, and on 3 May 1856, the entire community of 193 people set sail for Norfolk Island on board the ""Morayshire"". They arrived on 8 June after a miserable 5 week trip. However, after 18 months, 17 returned to Pitcairn and in 1864 another 27 returned. In 1858, while the island was uninhabited, survivors of the ""Wild Wave"" shipwreck had spent several months there until rescued"
"1st Duke of Norfolk (1366–1399). The line of Dukes died out in 1476 and the heiress of the last Duke, Anne Mowbray, died at the age of nine in 1481; after declaring her widower King Edward IV's son Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, illegitimate, Richard III of England created the son of Sir Robert and Lady Margaret, John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, of a new creation on 28 June 1483, the 200th anniversary of the Barony of Mowbray to which he was also senior co-heir. John had previously been summoned to Parliament as Lord Howard by Edward"
"the U.S. Federal Government bought the fortified land in Norfolk and established Fort Norfolk. Both fortifications were reinforced and used to prevent any further naval assaults on the cities which lie on the Elizabeth River. There is a marker at St. Paul's Boulevard and City Hall Avenue in Norfolk commemorating the action. Burning of Norfolk The Burning of Norfolk was an incident that occurred on January 1, 1776, during the American Revolutionary War. British Royal Navy ships in the harbor of Norfolk, Virginia began shelling the town, and landing parties came ashore to burn specific properties. The town, whose significantly"
"be cultivated until the loss of HMS Sirius on Norfolk Island in 1790. Although gardening flourished for some time, the new name of the island, and its associations with the navy, became a permanent reminder if its history since 1788. In 1789, the Row Boat Guard was established to patrol the harbour for smugglers, and a watch house was built on the island, but later transferred to Watsons Bay because of a lack of fresh water. In 1796 the island was transferred to the company of HMS Supply, and a house was built with convict labour – the first permanent"