Which is 'Queen of the Sciences'?
"into Doklady Earth Sciences. Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences The Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences (, Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR (DAN SSSR), ) was a Soviet journal that was dedicated to publishing original, academic research papers in physics, mathematics, chemistry, geology, and biology. It was first published in 1933 and ended in 1992 with volume 322, issue 3. Today, it is continued by Doklady Akademii Nauk (), which began publication in 1992. The journal is also known as the ""Proceedings of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)"". ""Doklady"" has had a complicated publication and translation history."
"in a given formal system without needing to be derived using the rules of the system. The German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss referred to mathematics as ""the Queen of the Sciences"". More recently, Marcus du Sautoy has called mathematics ""the Queen of Science ... the main driving force behind scientific discovery"". In the original Latin ""Regina Scientiarum"", as well as in German ""Königin der Wissenschaften"", the word corresponding to ""science"" means a ""field of knowledge"", and this was the original meaning of ""science"" in English, also; mathematics is in this sense a field of knowledge. The specialization restricting the meaning"
"a phrase attributed to Carl Friedrich Gauss that ""Mathematics is the queen of the sciences and number theory is the queen of mathematics."" Some people believe that it is the extreme non-applicability of number theory that led Gauss to the above statement about number theory; however, Hardy points out that this is certainly not the reason. If an application of number theory were to be found, then certainly no one would try to dethrone the ""queen of mathematics"" because of that. What Gauss meant, according to Hardy, is that the underlying concepts that constitute number theory are deeper and more"
"and medals. Albert Einstein reportedly remarked that she was probably the only person who could not be corrupted by fame. As one of the most famous women scientists to date, Marie Curie has become an icon in the scientific world and has received tributes from across the globe, even in the realm of pop culture. In a 2009 poll carried out by ""New Scientist"", she was voted the ""most inspirational woman in science"". Curie received 25.1 per cent of all votes cast, nearly twice as many as second-place Rosalind Franklin (14.2 per cent). Poland and France declared 2011 the Year"
"Katharine Park Katharine Park is a Radcliffe Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University. She specializes in the history of gender, sexuality, and the female body in medieval and Renaissance Europe, as well as categories and practices of experience and observation in the Middle Ages. She finished an MPhil in the combined historical studies of the Renaissance at the Warburg Institute, University of London in 1974 before earning a PhD in the history of science at Harvard in 1981. ""Wonders of Nature"" which she co-authored with Lorraine Daston won the Pfizer Award of the History of Science Society"
"Mildred Dresselhaus Mildred Dresselhaus (née Spiewak; November 11, 1930 – February 20, 2017), known as the ""queen of carbon science"", was the first female Institute Professor and professor emerita of physics and electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dresselhaus won numerous awards including the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the National Medal of Science, the Enrico Fermi Award and the Vannevar Bush Award. Mildred was born Mildred Spiewak on November 11, 1930, in Brooklyn, the daughter of Ethel (Teichtheil) and Meyer Spiewak, who were Polish Jewish immigrants. Raised in the Bronx, Dresselhaus received her high school degree at Hunter"
"History of Science until 2010. Aileen Fyfe Aileen Fyfe is a historian at St Andrews University and Director of Research for the School of History. Her research is focused on the circulation and consumption of knowledge from the late seventeenth century onwards. In 2013 she was awarded the Edelstein Prize, recognizing ""Steam-Powered Knowledge"" for the best book on the history of technology. Fyfe is a member of the Council of the History of Science Society (USA). From 2002 to 2007 she was Treasurer of the British Society for the History of Science, and she was the Chair of the Royal"
"of Archimedes' tomb, with the carving illustrating his theorem On the Sphere and Cylinder, behind a branch. (This is the mathematical result of which Archimedes was reportedly most proud: Given a sphere and a circumscribed cylinder of the same height and diameter, the ratio between their volumes is equal to ⅔.) The rim bears the name of the prizewinner. In terms of the most prestigious awards in STEM fields, only a small proportion have been awarded to women. The Fields Medal has been obtained only one time by a woman, Maryam Mirzakhani, in 2014, out of a total of (currently)"
"of Science from its opening in 1871, although the first women did not enter until 1880, and it had over thirty women students by 1893. The situation was allowed to rest for a while, until in 1892 Ella Bryant passed the BSc examination with second class honours in physics. In June 1893 she tried to pay the fee for the BSc degree, but was refused. The university applied for a supplemental charter ""almost immediately"" after this, allowing it to grant degrees to women in all subjects but divinity, and it was granted in 1895. Bryant received her BSc on 24"
"of the British Empire, for services to chemistry, education and the community. She became a Dame Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to chemistry and education, in the 2018 Queen's Birthday Honours. O'Connor was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand in 1986, and is also a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry and a Fellow of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry. In 2018, during the celebrations to mark 125 years of women's suffrage in New Zealand, the science faculty at the University of Auckland was temporarily renamed the Dame Charmian"
"Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2004, of the International Academy of the History of Science in 2005, and of the Academia Europaea in 2013. In 2013–2014 she was the holder of the Sarton Chair of History of Science at Ghent University. Karine Chemla Karine Chemla (born February 8, 1957) is a French historian of mathematics and sinologist who works as a director of research at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS). Her research interests include Chinese mathematics, 19th century French geometry, and the theory of the history of mathematics. She is also a senior fellow at the New"
"stories of women from astronomy. In 2014 Masers won the Women of the Future Award for Science. That year she was listed as one of the BBC's top 100 women. Karen Masters Karen Masters (born 1979) is an Associate Professor of Astrophysics interested in galaxy formation who works in Haverford College, Pennsylvania. She is project scientist for the citizen science project Galaxy Zoo, and uses the classifications to study the evolution of galaxies. Masters was born in Birmingham and attended King Edward VI College, Nuneaton. She completed a BSc in Physics at the University of Oxford in 2000. She received"
"of Science from 1971-1981, when she retired from the university. Sandars received an honorary PhD from the University of Queensland in 1995, in recognition of her long standing work for the University. Before her death, Sandars and her friend, Irene Lee agreed to provide a legacy for researchers, by funding a number of scholarships through the Churchill Fellowship Trust. Dorothea Sandars Dorothea Sandars (1919-2002) was an Australian academic and parasitologist who specialised in fish parasites. Dorothea Fanny Sandars was born in Perth, Western Australia in 1919. She attended Perth Modern School. Sandars graduated with a BSc with Honours in 1943,"
"of Engineering in 2011, and was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath the same year. In 2018, Saunders was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) for ""services to Science and Engineering,"" announced as part of the 2018 Queen's Birthday Honour List. Frances Saunders (scientist) Dame Frances Carolyn Saunders (born 28 June 1954) is a British scientist and former civil servant. She was the chief executive of Dstl between August 2007 and March 2012. Prior to this Saunders was a policy officer at the Office of Science and Technology and research scientist"
"may be visited (the list below is arranged by date of her occupancy): Mary Baker Eddy Mary Baker Eddy (July 16, 1821 – December 3, 1910) established the Church of Christ, Scientist, as a Christian denomination and worldwide movement of spiritual healers. She wrote and published the movement's textbook, ""Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures"" and 15 other books. She started several weekly and monthly magazines—the ""Christian Science Sentinel"", ""The Christian Science Journal"", and ""The Herald of Christian Science""—that feature articles on Christian Science practice and verified testimonies of healing. In 1908, at the age of 87, she"
"in 1860. In 1893 Maria Ogilvie was the first woman to receive this degree. However, the University of London ceased awarding the degree more than ten years ago. In former times the doctorate in science was regarded as a greater distinction than a professorial chair and hence a professor who was also a D.Sc. would be known as Doctor. The Doctor of Science may also be awarded as an honorary degree, that is, given to individuals who have made extensive contributions to a particular field and not for specific academic accomplishments. It is usual to signify this by adding D.Sc."
"Woman in Science Woman in Science is a book written by H. J. Mozans (a pseudonym for John Augustine Zahm) in 1913. It is an account of women who have contributed to the sciences, up to the time when it was published. The comprehensive theme that is depicted throughout ""Woman in Science"" is that of women's biological capacity. It is asserted that women being less prominent than men in science is due to the lack of educational and career opportunities available rather than, the biological aspects of brain size or structure. In addition, the book encompasses the many developments of"
"Collections were renamed the ""Art Museum"", which eventually became the Victoria and Albert Museum. When Queen Victoria laid the foundation stone for the new building for the Art Museum, she stipulated that the museum be renamed after herself and her late husband. This was initially applied to the whole museum, but when that new building finally opened ten years later, the title was confined to the Art Collections and the Science Collections had to be divorced from it. On 26 June 1909 the Science Museum, as an independent entity, came into existence. The Science Museum's present quarters, designed by Sir"
"The World of Science (Golden book) The World of Science was a youth-oriented science book first published in 1958 under the Golden Books imprint. The principal author was Jane Werner Watson, but the science material was contributed by contemporary scientists, many of whom worked at the California Institute of Technology, including the author's husband Earnest C. Watson (1892-1970), who was Dean of the Faculty from 1945 to 1959. Rather than being an introduction to science in the usual sense, ""The World of Science"" concentrated on describing the activities of scientists at the time of publication. Topics included geology and other"
"Brahe. In 1690 Sigüenza moved to defend his previous work by publishing ""Libra Astronómica y Filosófica""; it was unlike many of his other writings, which remained in manuscript form because he could not afford to publish them. He directly attacks Kino by saying ""I hereby point out that neither his Reverence [Kino] nor any other mathematician, even if he is Ptolemy himself, can set up dogmas in these sciences, because authority has no place in them at all, but only proof and demonstration."" Theology was known as the ""Queen of the Sciences"", but Sigüenza's stance is on the side of"
"Academy of Sciences in Paris. Its purpose is to honour a French mathematician for research in the foundations of mathematics. This award, in the amount of €8,000, was established in 2003, under the auspices of the Institut de France. Sophie Germain Marie-Sophie Germain (; 1 April 1776 – 27 June 1831) was a French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. Despite initial opposition from her parents and difficulties presented by society, she gained education from books in her father's library including ones by Leonhard Euler and from correspondence with famous mathematicians such as Lagrange, Legendre, and Gauss. One of the pioneers of"
"for the best book in the history of science in 1999; the book was translated into Italian and German. Her most recent book, ""Secrets of Women"", won the Margaret W. Rossiter History of Women in Science Prize in 2007. Katharine Park Katharine Park is a Radcliffe Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University. She specializes in the history of gender, sexuality, and the female body in medieval and Renaissance Europe, as well as categories and practices of experience and observation in the Middle Ages. She finished an MPhil in the combined historical studies of the Renaissance at the"
"awarded her the Amelia Earhart Medal in 1975; and in 1979 the Ontario Association of Professional Engineers presented her with their gold medal. In 1983 she was inducted into Canada's Aviation Hall of Fame, and in 1992 she was a founding inductee in the Canadian Science and Engineering Hall of Fame in Ottawa. In 2016, she is proposed as one of five finalists to be on Canadian banknotes, a competition closed to men. Elsie MacGill Elizabeth Muriel Gregory ""Elsie"" MacGill, OC (March 27, 1905 – November 4, 1980), known as the ""Queen of the Hurricanes"", was likely the world's first"
"addition, many of these scientists have extensive bodies of work listed in detail elsewhere. The below list links the science professionals who Angier interviewed for ""The Canon"" with additional details relating to their work: The Canon (Natalie Angier book) The Canon: A Whirligig Tour of the Beautiful Basics of Science is a book written by American science author Natalie Angier. ""The Canon"" presents a summary of some of the different areas of science, as well as extensive descriptions of, and interviews with, contemporary scientists who work in these fields. Angier’s tenet is that an understanding of the basics of major"
"He is purported to have said, ""Tell her to wait a moment till I'm done."" This anecdote is briefly discussed in G. Waldo Dunnington's ""Gauss, Titan of Science"" where it is suggested that it is an apocryphal story. He referred to mathematics as ""the queen of sciences"" and supposedly once espoused a belief in the necessity of immediately understanding Euler's identity as a benchmark pursuant to becoming a first-class mathematician. From 1989 through 2001, Gauss's portrait, a normal distribution curve and some prominent Göttingen buildings were featured on the German ten-mark banknote. The reverse featured the approach for Hanover. Germany"
"of Oceanography is named ""Ángeles Alvariño"". The vessel was launched in 2012 by Ángele's daughter, Maria de los Angeles Leira Alvariño María de los Ángeles Alvariño González María de los Ángeles Alvariño González (October 3, 1916 – May 29, 2005) was a Spanish fishery research biologist and oceanographer globally recognized as an authority in plankton biology. She was the first woman ever appointed as scientist aboard any British or Spanish exploration ships. She discovered 22 new species of marine animals and published over a hundred scientific books, chapters and articles. In her late career she studied the history of early"
"the 'Queen of the curve', Zaha Hadid liberated architectural geometry with the creation of highly expressive, sweeping fluid forms of multiple perspective points and fragmented geometry that evoke the chaos and flux of modern life. A pioneer of parametricism, and an icon of neo-futurism, with a formidable personality, her acclaimed work and ground-breaking forms include the aquatic centre for the London 2012 Olympics. In 2010 and 2011 she received the Stirling Prize, the UK's most prestigious architectural award, and in 2015 she became the first woman to be awarded the Royal Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects."
"21st century, the notion of Mary Baker Eddy as somehow related to the Woman of Prophecy was decidedly the minority opinion. Bliss Knapp Bliss Knapp (June 7, 1877 – March 14, 1958), the son of Ira O. and Flavia S. Knapp, students of Mary Baker Eddy, was an early Christian Science lecturer, practitioner, teacher and the author of ""The Destiny of the Mother Church"". Bliss Knapp, C.S.B., was born on June 7, 1877 in Lyman, New Hampshire. His parents, Ira Oscar Knapp and Flavia Stickney Knapp, were students of Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of Christian Science, and they were"
"The Age of Wonder The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic Generation Discovered the Beauty and Terror of Science is a 2008 popular science book about the history of science written by Richard Holmes. In it, the author describes the scientific discoveries of the polymaths of the late eighteenth century, and describes how this period formed the basis for modern scientific discoveries. It won the 2009 Royal Society Prize for Science Books, the 2009 National Book Critics Circle Award for General Nonfiction, and the 2010 National Academies Communication Award. Holmes focuses particularly on the lives and works of Sir Joseph"
"n.d.). Vinogradov's main attraction consists in its set of problems, which quickly lead to Vinogradov's own research interests; the text itself is very basic and close to minimal. Other popular first introductions are: Popular choices for a second textbook include: Number theory Number theory (or arithmetic or higher arithmetic in older usage) is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers. German mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) said, ""Mathematics is the queen of the sciences—and number theory is the queen of mathematics."" Number theorists study prime numbers as well as the properties of objects made"
"Sciences"". In 1971 the Museum employed the late designer James Gardner to design and produce ""The Story of the Earth"", which was acknowledged as a significant breakthrough in science museum design and critically acclaimed and imitated worldwide. It was opened by Queen Elizabeth II and became well known for the huge reproduction of a rock face, cast from site in Scotland, and for its planetarium, active volcano model and earthquake machine. Between 1971 and 1974 the museum formed its own design team which, working closely with the scientists and technicians, produced a series of temporary and permanent exhibitions starting with"
"direct descendant of Muhammad, the founder of Islam. Nisreen El-Hashemite Nisreen El-Hashemite (full name and title: HRH Princess Dr. Nisreen Bint Prince Mohammed Bin King Faisal (I) Bin El-Sharif Hussein El-Hashemite) is an Iraqi scientist and activist, active particularly in the promotion of women in science, and women's health and development. Born in Kuwait, graduated in Biomedical Sciences and is a doctor in human genetics. She worked at University College London, where she developed a technique to diagnose genetic disorders, and at Harvard Medical School, where she investigated tuberous sclerosis. In 2007 she left her scientific career to devote herself"
"about in a dark labyrinth."" Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) referred to mathematics as ""the Queen of the Sciences"". Benjamin Peirce (1809–1880) called mathematics ""the science that draws necessary conclusions"". David Hilbert said of mathematics: ""We are not speaking here of arbitrariness in any sense. Mathematics is not like a game whose tasks are determined by arbitrarily stipulated rules. Rather, it is a conceptual system possessing internal necessity that can only be so and by no means otherwise."" Albert Einstein (1879–1955) stated that ""as far as the laws of mathematics refer to reality, they are not certain; and as far as"