"протест против тираније и вјековну тежњу наших народа за слободом.)"" In 1992, soldiers of the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina destroyed both the plaque and Princip's footprints. German forces had removed the 1930 plaque in 1941. The museum still exists today, but nowadays documents aspects of life in Bosnia & Herzegovina during Austro-Hungarian rule. Young Bosnia Young Bosnia (/Млада Босна) was a revolutionary movement active in the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina before World War I. The members were predominantly school students, primarily Bosnian Serbs, but also Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats. There were two key ideologies"
"movement that later became known as Young Bosnia. The assassination led directly to the First World War when Austria-Hungary subsequently issued an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia, which was partially rejected. Austria-Hungary then declared war, triggering actions leading to war between most European states. In charge of these Serbian military conspirators was Chief of Serbian Military Intelligence Dragutin Dimitrijević, his right-hand man Major Vojislav Tankosić, and the spy Rade Malobabić. Tankosić armed the assassins with bombs and pistols and trained them. The assassins were given access to the same clandestine network of safe-houses and agents that Malobabić used for"
"His act had great impact on young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina, while official press in Sarajevo and Belgrade generally referred to it as an act of a disturbed lunatic, which was also generally the view of an older generation of Sarajevo Serbs. Žerajić and Špiro Soldo were leaders of the secret society ""Freedom"" () established in 1905/1906. Žerajić's friendship with Vladimir Gaćinović and his attempted assassination of Varešanin additionally inspired the members of the revolutionary movement Young Bosnia, including Gavrilo Princip. Gaćinović was the real ideologue of the revolutionary movement Young Bosnia and advocated tyrannicide as a method of"
"the arms and assassins into Sarajevo. """"The political union of the Yugoslavs [..] was my basic idea [..] I am a Yugoslav nationalist, aiming for the unification of all Yugoslavs, and I do not care what form of state, but it must be free from Austria""""<br>-Gavrilo Princip during his trial Claimed members of Young Bosnia who participated in the assassination were: An evening before the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Princip, Čabrinović and Ilić visited the grave of Bogdan Žerajić for the last time. Žerajić's proclamation ""He who wants to live, let him die. He who wants to die, let"
"action brought Young Bosnia to the public attention. Žerajić's attempt of assassination had a significant influence on young people of Bosnia and Herzegovina. After this attempt new revolutionary circles were established in Sarajevo, Mostar, Tuzla and Banja Luka. An evening before the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Gavrilo Princip, Čabrinović and Ilić visited the grave of Žerajić for the last time. Žerajić's proclamation ""He who wants to live, let him die. He who wants to die, let him live"", was quoted by Gavrilo Princip in one of the songs he wrote (). The official press in Bosnia and"
"Bosnia leader to join Black Hand, although he condemned the assassination in a letter (presumably as a way to strip responsibility). The members were predominantly school students, primarily Serbs but also Bosniaks and Croats. There were several motivations promoted amongst different members of the group. There were members who promoted Yugoslavist aims of pan-South Slav unification of territories including Bosnia into a Yugoslavia. There were members who promoted Serbian nationalist aims of pan-Serb unification into Serbia. Young Bosnia was inspired from a variety of ideas, movements, and events; such as German romanticism, anarchism, Russian revolutionary socialism, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Friedrich Nietzsche,"
"as Rigoberto López Pérez, who shot Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza García in 1956. Others were prosecuted for the killing: Antonio de la Maza and his conspirators were executed after their shooting of Rafael Trujillo, dictator of the Dominican Republic in 1961, as was Kim Jaegyu, who shot South Korean dictator Park Chung-hee in 1979. Five of the members of Young Bosnia who were involved with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo were sentenced to death by hanging, while eleven were sentenced to various years in prison, including Gavrilo Princip who fired the fatal shot. Khalid Islambouli was one"
"this we all become members of one united Jugo-slav nation. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by Yugoslavist revolutionary Gavrilo Princip, a Serb associated with Young Bosnia, a group composed of mainly Serbs, but also Bosnian Muslims and Croats, marked the beginning of a militant nationalist activity by South Slavs against Austro-Hungarian rule. At his trial in 1914, Princip stated: ""I am a Yugoslav nationalist, aiming for the unification of all Yugoslavs, and I do not care what form of state, but it must be free from Austria."" The assassination of Franz Ferdinand however triggered resentment amongst those"
"Slobodan Milošević's secret service during the 1990s and was used during Milošević's rule for special operations in Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo, as well as for the elimination of Milošević's political opponents. It was Ulemek who ordered Zvezdan Jovanović to carry out the assassination. Ulemek was connected to the powerful Zemun Clan of the Serbian mafia and had been recently sentenced to 40 years in jail for other offences that included murder and attempted murder. The assassin, Zvezdan Jovanović, was born in 1965 in a village near the town of Peć, Yugoslavia. Jovanović was a Lieutenant colonel in the JSO. Jovanović"
"secondary school in Sarajevo. There, he joined the revolutionary organisation known as Young Bosnia and became a friend of Gavrilo Princip, the assassin who killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on 28 June 1914. The day of the assassination, Jevđević's father was arrested by the Austro-Hungarian police for his connections with the Serb revolutionary organisation ""Narodna Odbrana"" (National Defence). He was charged with high treason, sentenced to death by hanging in April 1916 and executed in Banja Luka. Jevđević was a successful writer and poet in his youth. He studied law at the universities of Zagreb, Belgrade, and Vienna and"
"Young Bosnia Young Bosnia (/Млада Босна) was a revolutionary movement active in the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina before World War I. The members were predominantly school students, primarily Bosnian Serbs, but also Bosnian Muslims and Bosnian Croats. There were two key ideologies promoted amongst the members of the group, the Yugoslavist (unification into a Yugoslavia), and the Pan-Serb (unification into Serbia). Young Bosnia was inspired from a variety of ideas, movements, and events; such as German romanticism, anarchism, Russian revolutionary socialism, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Friedrich Nietzsche, and the Battle of Kosovo. The rise to power of the popular Karađorđević dynasty"
"was buried in the Butmir district of Sarajevo, on the outskirts of the city. Muhamed Mehmedbašić Muhamed Mehmedbašić (; 1887–29 May 1943) was a Bosnian revolutionary and conspirator in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Mehmedbašić was born in 1887 into a poor Muslim family in Stolac, in the region of Herzegovina (at the time part of Austro-Hungarian Bosnia and Herzegovina). His father was impoverished, formerly part of the Ottoman Bosnian nobility. Mehmedbašić worked as a carpenter. During a Muslim youth organization's trip to Belgrade, Mehmedbašić befriended Mustafa Golubić (another Muslim, also from Stolac) who influenced his revolutionary feelings. Mehmedbašić,"
"died. Nedeljko Čabrinović Nedeljko Čabrinović (; 2 February 1895 – 20 January 1916) was a Bosnian Serb member of the pro-Yugoslav Young Bosnia movement and one of seven young men of a secret society known as the Black Hand who conspired to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand during his June 1914 visit to Sarajevo. All seven men were arrested; during the trial, Čabrinović and other members stated that the assassination reflected their anarchist beliefs. In response, Austria-Hungary issued a démarche to Serbia known as the July Ultimatum, leading to the outbreak of World War I. Nedeljko Čabrinović was born in Sarajevo,"
"constructed the type of single Yugoslav civilization-the final and most important goal of our country."" On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip shot and killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austrian throne, and his wife, in Sarajevo. Princip was a member of Young Bosnia, a group whose aims included the unification of the Yugoslavs and independence from Austria-Hungary. The assassination in Sarajevo set into motion a series of fast-moving events that eventually escalated into full-scale war. After his capture, during his trial, he stated ""I am a Yugoslav nationalist, aiming for the unification of all Yugoslavs, and I do"
"him live"", was quoted by Gavrilo Princip in one of the songs he wrote (). The Museum of Young Bosnia was built in the period of SFR Yugoslavia in 1953, at the place where the assassination took place. It commemorates the assassins, popularly known in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia as the ""Vidovdan heroes"". At the front of the museum was a plaque, inscribed: ""From this place, on 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, expressed with his shot the people's revolt against tyranny and their centuries-old struggle for freedom. (Са овога мјеста 28. јуна 1914. године Гаврило Принцип својим пуцњем изрази народни"
"his notebooks they found a list of members. Vasiljević kept this information as evidence of the payment of membership fees. All those on the list, including Stojanović, were arrested on 3 July 1914. Soon after, Stojanović's younger brother Sreten was arrested for anti-Austrian revolutionary correspondence between himself and Ilić. Beside the conspirators behind the assassination, six groups of activists of Young Bosnia were arrested. The group containing the members of National Unity was called the Tuzla group. The criminal investigation against them began on 9 July, and lasted for more than a year. They were kept in prisons in Tuzla,"
"that the killer was Vlado Chernozemski. Vlado Chernozemski Vlado Chernozemski () (19 October 1897 – 9 October 1934), born Velichko Dimitrov Kerin (), was a Bulgarian revolutionary. Also known as ""Vlado the Chauffeur"", Chernozemski is considered a hero in Bulgaria today, and in his time, in Croat circles and in the Macedonian Bulgarian diaspora. His contribution to the independence of Macedonia has also won him a similar status in some ethnic Macedonian circles today, while in others he is regarded as a ""Bulgarian fascist"". Chernozemski began his revolutionary activities in 1922, when he joined the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO)."
"number of schools in Bosnia and Belgrade have been named after him as well. Slobodan Princip Slobodan Princip (; 25 May 1914–May 1942), nicknamed Seljo (Сељо), was a Yugoslav Partisan fighter and the district staff chief of Partisan Sarajevo Oblast during World War II. He was posthumously awarded the Hero of Yugoslavia. He was the nephew of Gavrilo Princip. Princip was born in Hadžići, near Sarajevo, Austria-Hungary (now Bosnia and Herzegovina), into an ethnic Serb family. His father Jovan (""Jovo"") was the brother of Gavrilo Princip, the assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. He joined the Communist Youth (SKOJ)"
"Nedeljko Čabrinović Nedeljko Čabrinović (; 2 February 1895 – 20 January 1916) was a Bosnian Serb member of the pro-Yugoslav Young Bosnia movement and one of seven young men of a secret society known as the Black Hand who conspired to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand during his June 1914 visit to Sarajevo. All seven men were arrested; during the trial, Čabrinović and other members stated that the assassination reflected their anarchist beliefs. In response, Austria-Hungary issued a démarche to Serbia known as the July Ultimatum, leading to the outbreak of World War I. Nedeljko Čabrinović was born in Sarajevo, Bosnia"
"embraced the notion of ""Kosovo tyrannicide"", à la Miloš Obilić, as a method of political struggle. Gaćinović was the actual ideologue of the revolutionary movement Young Bosnia, and was thus responsible for introducing the cult of tyrannicide. Bogdan Žerajić was the first to pursue this method in practice. When Franz Joseph I of Austria visited Bosnia and Herzegovina on 3 June 1910, Žerajić had intended to attempt his assassination during his passage through Mostar, but eventually gave up his plan for unknown reasons. Žerajić attempted to assassinate Austro-Hungarian governor Marijan Varešanin in Sarajevo a week later, but killed himself when"
"Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece. When Bulgaria attacked both Serbia and Greece on 16 June 1913, it lost most of its Macedonian region to those countries, and additionally the Southern Dobruja region to Romania and Adrianople (the present-day city of Edirne) to Turkey in the 33-day Second Balkan War, which further destabilized the region. On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb student and member of a multi-ethnic organisation of national revolutionaries called Young Bosnia, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo, Bosnia. The political objective of the assassination was the independence of"
"killers is disputed. Historian Noel Malcolm writes that he was killed by pro-Ustaše members of his militia. Journalist Tim Judah states that his killers were Bosnian Muslims working either for the Ustaše or the Partisans. Miljković is a controversial figure. His followers organized a unit known as the Green Cadre (""Zeleni kadar"") following his death and joined the Ustaše in carrying out atrocities against Serb civilians. They also committed terrorist acts throughout northwestern Bosnia for several years following the war. Several dozen people were killed in such attacks, which lasted until the last of the outlaws were captured in 1950."
"of the group, 15 were killed, 10 in action, whilst 5 were summarily executed after having surrendered. The last four members of the group were captured, tried and sentenced on December 21, 1972. Ludvig Pavlović, who was a minor, was sentenced to 20 years in prison, and the remaining three were executed by firing squad on March 17, 1973, at the Police headquarters in Sarajevo. Pavlović was released from prison in 1990 and was killed in controversial circumstances during the Yugoslav Wars on September 18, 1991. Bugojno group The Bugojno group () was the name of a Croatian paramilitary formation"
"17 years old when she was publicly executed. Lepa Radić Lepa Svetozara Radić (; 19 December 1925 – February 8, 1943) was a Bosnian Serb member of the Yugoslav Partisans during World War II in Yugoslavia who was posthumously awarded the Order of the People's Hero on 20 December 1951, for her role in the resistance movement against the Axis powers—becoming the youngest recipient at the time. She was executed in February 1943 at the age of 17 for shooting at German troops during World War II. As her captors tied the noose around her neck, they offered her a"
"not attracted either by fascist ustaše or communist-led resistance. After ustaše campaign of ethnic cleansing and terror, targeting Serbs, Jews, and Roma, a brutal civil war ensued. Ustaše regime also persecuted any opponents or dissidents among Bosnian Croats, especially communists, pre-war members of the now-banned Croatian Peasant Party, and those connected with the partisan resistance. Ustaše executed many Bosnian Croats, for instance, resistance fighters and supporters Jakov Dugandžić, Mostar's Ljubo Brešan and 19-year old Mostar gymnasium student Ante Zuanić, as well as a prominent Mostar CPP member Blaž Slišković (in Jasenovac concentration camp). Prominent Croat communist intellectual from Bosnia, Ognjen"
"Ferdinand and his wife with a lying in state aboard SMS ""Viribus Unitis"". On Sunday, 28 June 1914, at about 10:45 am, Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo, the capital of the Austro-Hungarian province of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The perpetrator was 19-year-old Gavrilo Princip, a member of Young Bosnia and one of a group of assassins organized and armed by the Black Hand. Earlier in the day, the couple had been attacked by Nedeljko Čabrinović, who had thrown a grenade at their car. However, the bomb detonated behind them, injuring the occupants in the following car. On"
"the plot failed. Gaćinović, who was personal friends with European socialists such as Victor Serge and Julius Martov, met Leon Trotsky by chance in Paris. His revolutionary zeal impressed Trotsky. From autumn 1910 to the summer of 1912, Gaćinović was a student at Vienna University. In his late teens, after visiting the Kingdom of Serbia, Gaćinović organized underground cells, ""kruzoks"", amongst Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Zagreb, and western Slavonia. In 1911, he became the only Young Bosnia leader to join Unification or Death, Dragutin Dimitrijević's secret society. In the same year, the term ""Mlada Bosna"" (Young Bosnia) was popularized"
"and Bosniaks fought over territory in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. International sanctions were imposed on Serbia starting in May 1992 and Serbia became economically isolated. This prompted the breakthrough for criminal organizations. Desperate for money, many former soldiers and youngsters turned to a life of crime. In 1992, members of the ""Peca"" gang were arrested in a massive police-operation. One of the gang's members was Dušan Spasojević, who later became the head of the Zemun clan. A young mobster from the Belgrade suburb of Voždovac, Aleksandar ""Knele"" Knežević, was murdered in October of that year, prompting a brief, but"
"Bosnian conflict; he was found guilty of more than sixty crimes including rape, murder and torturing Croat and Bosniak civilians. Veselin Vlahović Veselin Vlahović also known as ""Batko"" or the ""Monster of Grbavica"" (born in 1969) is a Montenegrin Serb war criminal whose crimes include murders, rape, illegal detention and torture committed against Bosniaks and Croats in the Grbavica neighbourhood of Sarajevo during the Bosnian War. In Montenegro, Vlahović was imprisoned for three years for robbery and violence but escaped in 2001. Shortly after escaping from prison, Vlahović shot a man to death in a bar in Serbia, and was"
"Bosnian Muslims). The dead included members of other ethnicities, such as Serbs deemed unloyal by the local authorities. The killing was committed by a local paramilitary group known as Mirko's Chetniks and by the Serb Volunteer Guard (SDG, also known as Arkan's Tigers), a Serbia-based paramilitary group under the command of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) that was controlled by Serbian President Slobodan Milošević. The village of Batković in the municipality of Bijeljina was the site of the Batković concentration camp, believed to be the first concentration camp in operation during the Bosnian War. It was run by Serbs from"
"and beyond. On 28 June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, visited the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo. A group of six assassins (Cvjetko Popović, Gavrilo Princip, Muhamed Mehmedbašić, Nedeljko Čabrinović, Trifko Grabež, and Vaso Čubrilović) from the Yugoslavist group Mlada Bosna, supplied with arms by the Serbian Black Hand, gathered on the street where the Archduke's motorcade was to pass, with the intention of assassinating him. The political objective of the assassination was to break off Austria-Hungary's South Slav provinces, which Austria-Hungary had annexated from the Ottoman Empire, so they could be combined into a Yugoslavia. Čabrinović"
"Presidency awarded Čubrilović the Order of the Yugoslav Star. He died in Belgrade on 11 June 1990, aged 93. At the time of his death, he was the last surviving participant in the conspiracy to kill Franz Ferdinand. Vaso Čubrilović Vaso Čubrilović (; 14 January 1897 – 11 June 1990) was a Bosnian Serb scholar and Yugoslav politician. As a teenager, he joined the South Slav student movement known as Young Bosnia and was involved in the conspiracy to assassinate Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria on 28 June 1914. His brother, Veljko, was also involved in the plot. Čubrilović was"
"Lepa Radić Lepa Svetozara Radić (; 19 December 1925 – February 8, 1943) was a Bosnian Serb member of the Yugoslav Partisans during World War II in Yugoslavia who was posthumously awarded the Order of the People's Hero on 20 December 1951, for her role in the resistance movement against the Axis powers—becoming the youngest recipient at the time. She was executed in February 1943 at the age of 17 for shooting at German troops during World War II. As her captors tied the noose around her neck, they offered her a way out of the gallows by revealing her"