"countries (the other being Colombia), to support Britain (and then only indirectly) by providing a military and naval diversion. In 1978 Argentina initiated Operation ""Soberania"" in order to invade the islands around Cape Horn, but stopped the operation a few hours later for military and political reasons. The Argentine government planned to seize the disputed Beagle Channel islands after the occupation of the Falklands. Basilio Lami Dozo disclosed that Leopoldo Galtieri announced to him that """"[Chile] have to know that what we are doing now, because they will be the next in turn."" Also Óscar Camilión, the last Argentine Foreign"
"Mario Menéndez Mario Benjamin Menéndez (3 April 1930 – 18 September 2015) was the Argentine governor of the Falklands during the 1982 Argentine occupation of the islands. He also served in the Argentine Army. Menéndez surrendered Argentine forces to Britain during the Falklands War. Menéndez progressed from a cadet at the national military college to the top ranks of the Argentine military. As a full colonel serving in the 5th Infantry Brigade, he participated between July 1975 and January 1976 in Operativo Independencia, a counter-insurgency campaign against trotskyist ERP guerrilla operating in Tucuman province. He later commanded the 6th Mountain"
"Argentine naval forces in the Falklands War This article describes the composition and actions of the Argentine naval forces in the Falklands War. For a list of naval forces from the United Kingdom, see British naval forces in the Falklands War. The Argentine Navy (ARA), particularly its commander-in-chief and Junta member, Admiral Jorge Anaya, was the main architect and supporter of a military solution to resolve the long-standing claim of sovereignty over the islands. By 1982 the country was already in the midst of a devastating economic crisis and large-scale civil unrest against the repressive government and Anaya, now a"
"gone on record saying the field punishments were acceptable in the case there were no military lock ups and concluded: ""It is a cruelty and it comes from inexplicable sadism, but it's true that it was within the rules"". Mario Menéndez Mario Benjamin Menéndez (3 April 1930 – 18 September 2015) was the Argentine governor of the Falklands during the 1982 Argentine occupation of the islands. He also served in the Argentine Army. Menéndez surrendered Argentine forces to Britain during the Falklands War. Menéndez progressed from a cadet at the national military college to the top ranks of the Argentine"
"the conflict. Büsser died of a heart attack in September 2012. He had since 2009 been under house arrest for alleged human rights abuses committed in the Bahía Blanca area during the 1970s dictatorship. Carlos Büsser Rear Admiral Carlos Alberto César Büsser (January 10, 1928 – September 29, 2012) was the commander of Argentine forces during Operation ""Rosario"", the amphibious operation that took the Falkland Islands in 1982, and forced the surrender of their Governor, Rex Hunt. Following the Argentine defeat in the Falklands War, he was appointed Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a position he held until"
"Britain was the main purchaser of Argentine beef and grain. During the Second World War, Argentina refused to go along with the American anti-German policies. Washington responded by trying to shut down Argentine exports. President Franklin Roosevelt asked Prime Minister Winston Churchill to stop buying Argentine beef and grain. Churchill refused, saying the food was urgently needed. On 2 April 1982, Argentina under President Leopoldo Galtieri launched an invasion of the Falkland Islands () and on 3 April 1982 this was followed by the Argentine invasion of South Georgia Island. This resulted in the British deploying forces to the Falkland"
"Brigade in Neuquén province. In March 1982, Menéndez (according to historian Max Hastings and Simon Jenkins) was a general in the Argentine Army, and the commander of the Buenos Aires first corps. According to his memoirs, Menéndez was in fact a member of the Military Committee in Buenos Aires that addressed the Argentine president on a weekly basis on a range of issues, including foreign diplomacy, military training and the military budget. On 2 April 1982, Argentine forces invaded the Falkland Islands, which is British territory, and gained control that day. On 3 April, the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher"
"change in either country's position regarding the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands was made explicit. In 1994, Argentina's claim to the territories was added to its constitution. In the period leading up to the war—and, in particular, following the transfer of power between the military dictators General Jorge Rafael Videla and General Roberto Eduardo Viola late in March 1981—Argentina had been in the midst of a devastating economic stagnation and large-scale civil unrest against the military ""junta"" that had been governing the country since 1976. In December 1981 there was a further change in the Argentine military regime, bringing to"
"Sea Fleet Command (Argentina) The Sea Fleet Command (; COFM) is an arm of the Argentine Navy, is headquartered on Puerto Belgrano Naval Base (BNPB). The Sea Fleet is in charge of the integrated naval training, counts on marines unit () and a naval aviation unit () attached. Between April and June 1982 Argentina entered into conflict in the Falklands War with the United Kingdom. An amphibious landing force, under the command of Admiral Walter Allara, occupied the Islands within a few hours on the morning of April 2. The flagship was the destroyer ARA Santísima Trinidad (D-2), which led"
"they were Republicans or ""Franquistas"". At the end of the war, Argentina maintained diplomatic relations with the government of General Francisco Franco. Maintaining diplomatic relations allowed for the first lady of Argentina Eva Perón to visit Spain in 1947 and donate five million tons of food to the Spanish people. After the death of General Franco in Spain in 1975, Argentina entered a period of military dictatorship between 1976–1983. In 1982, Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, also known as the ""Malvinas"" in Spanish. Spain recognized and supported the claims of Argentine territorial rights over the islands. In 2012, British documents"
"Lami Dozo, chief of the Argentine Air Force during the Falklands war, in an interview with the Argentine magazine ""Perfil"": Augusto Pinochet foresaw a long and bloody war, a kind of partisan war: Argentine Falklands War veteran Martín Balza, Chief of Staff of the Argentine Army (1991–1999), caused a stir in 2003 when he declared his conviction that in 1978, Chile would have won the war had it broken out. Operation Soberanía Operación Soberanía (Operation Sovereignty) was a planned Argentine military invasion of Chile started on 22 December 1978 due to the Beagle conflict dispute. The invasion was halted after"
"Carlos Büsser Rear Admiral Carlos Alberto César Büsser (January 10, 1928 – September 29, 2012) was the commander of Argentine forces during Operation ""Rosario"", the amphibious operation that took the Falkland Islands in 1982, and forced the surrender of their Governor, Rex Hunt. Following the Argentine defeat in the Falklands War, he was appointed Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, a position he held until his retirement in December 1983. In 1984, Büsser published the book ""Operación Rosario"", a detailed account of the Argentine landings on the Falklands and in 1987 ""Malvinas, la guerra inconclusa"", an overall analysis of"
"Falklands War as commander of the 3rd Artillery Group. He was awarded the Argentine Army to the Military Merit Medal for his conduct during this campaign. In 1991 he became Chief of Staff of the Argentine Army during the presidencies of Carlos Menem and Fernando De la Rua. During this period Human Rights Watch mentions the following incident: In 2003 he caused a stir as he declared his conviction that in 1978 Chile would have won the war during the Beagle conflict. In 2009, his superior in the Falklands War, Mario Menéndez claimed that oft-quoted figure of 30,000 disappeared people"
"the guerrilla threat. Nevertheless, the junta stayed in power. In 1982, the then head of state, General Leopoldo Galtieri, authorised the invasion of the British territories of South Georgia and, on 2 April, of the Falkland Islands. This led to the Falklands War with the United Kingdom and an Argentinian surrender on 14 June. Rioting on the streets of Buenos Aires followed the defeat and the military leadership responsible for the humiliation stood down. Reynaldo Bignone replaced Galtieri and began to organize the transition to democratic rule. Raúl Alfonsín won the 1983 elections campaigning for the prosecution of those responsible"
"1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands On 2 April 1982, Argentine forces launched the invasion of the Falkland Islands (), beginning the Falklands War. The Argentines mounted amphibious landings, and the invasion ended with the surrender of Government House. Governor Rex Hunt was informed by the British Government of a possible Argentine invasion on 1 April 1982. At 3:30 pm that day he received a telegram from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office stating: The Governor summoned the two senior Royal Marine officers of Naval Party 8901 to Government House in Stanley to discuss the options for defending the Falklands. He"
"forces also created paramilitary death squads, operating behind ""fronts"" as supposedly independent units. Argentina coordinated actions with other South American dictatorships as in Operation Condor. Faced with increasing public opposition and severe economic problems, the military tried to regain popularity by occupying the disputed Falkland Islands. During the resulting Falklands War, the military government lost any remaining favour after its defeat by Britain, forcing it to step aside in disgrace and allow for free elections to be held in late 1983. The democratic government of Raúl Alfonsín was elected to office in 1983. Alfonsín organized the National Commission on the"
"over them. On 5 April, the British government dispatched a naval task force to engage the Argentine Navy and Air Force before making an amphibious assault on the islands. The conflict lasted 74 days and ended with the Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982, returning the islands to British control. In total, 649 Argentine military personnel, 255 British military personnel, and three Falkland Islanders died during the hostilities. The conflict was a major episode in the protracted confrontation over the territories' sovereignty. Argentina asserted (and maintains) that the islands are Argentine territory, and the Argentine government thus characterised its military"
"Pope John Paul II and in the form of a Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina (""Tratado de Paz y Amistad""), granting the islands to Chile and most of the Exclusive economic zone to Argentina; since then, other border disputes with Chile have been resolved via diplomatic negotiations. After nearly twenty years of intermittent negotiations with the United Kingdom, the military dictatorship in Argentina invaded and occupied the British-controlled Falkland Islands and adjoining archipelagos on 2 April 1982, starting the Falklands War (). The war itself lasted just 74 days but cost the lives of"
"led to the 1982 war. However, no talks on sovereignty took place during the visit, and Argentina's President Néstor Kirchner stated that he regarded gaining sovereignty over the islands as a ""top priority"" of his government. Argentina renewed claims in June 2006, citing concern over fishing and petroleum rights; the UK changed from annually granting fishing concessions, to granting a 25-year concession. On 28 March 2009, UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown stated that there was ""nothing to discuss"" with Cristina Kirchner, the Argentine president, over sovereignty of the islands, when they met in Chile on his pre-2009 G-20 London Summit"
"went to war against the United Kingdom in the Falklands War. The Argentine plan included the military occupation of the disputed islands at the Beagle channel after the invasion of the Falklands, as stated by Brigadier Basilio Lami Dozo, chief of the Argentine Air Force during the Falklands war, in an interview with the Argentine magazine Perfil: In 1982, Argentina still secretly considered Chile an enemy. Chile, perhaps suspecting an Argentine invasion, argued that it was not bound to support Argentina against the UK under the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance because that treaty was defensive in nature, while Argentina"
"Leopoldo Galtieri Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri Castelli (; 15 July 1926 12 January 2003) was an Argentine general and President of Argentina from 22 December 1981 to 18 June 1982, during the last military dictatorship (known officially as the National Reorganization Process). The death squad, 601 Intelligence Battalion, directly reported to him. He was removed from power soon after the British re-took the Falkland Islands, whose invasion and occupation he had ordered. Galtieri was an Italian Argentine born to working class immigrant parents. At 17 he enrolled at the National Military Academy to study civil engineering, and his early military career"
"use today. In April 1982, East Falkland was invaded by Argentina. Governor Sir Rex Hunt was informed by the British Government of a possible Argentinian invasion on Wednesday 31 March. Governor Hunt summoned the two senior Royal Marines officers of Naval Party 8901 to Government House in Stanley to discuss how to defend the Falklands. Major Mike Norman was given overall command of the Marines because of his seniority, while Major Gary Noott became Hunt's military advisor. The total strength was only 68 Marines and 11 sailors, which nevertheless was more than would normally have been available, since the garrison"
"Jorge Anaya Admiral Jorge Isaac Anaya (27 September 1926 – 9 January 2008) was a Commander-in-Chief of the Argentine Navy. He was born in Bahía Blanca, in the province of Buenos Aires. He participated in the Right-wing military dictatorship known as the National Reorganisation Process (1976–1983) and, along with Leopoldo Fortunato Galtieri and Basilio Lami Dozo, was a member of the Third Military ""Junta"" that ruled Argentina between 1981 and 1982. He was the main architect and supporter of a military solution for the long-standing claim over the Falkland Islands that led to the Falklands War (). In 1955, Ship-of-the-Line"
"Óscar Camilión, the last Argentine Foreign Minister before the war (29 March 1981 to 11 December 1981) has stated that: These preparations were public. On 2 June 1982 the newspaper ""La Prensa"" published an article by Manfred Schönfeld explaining what would follow Argentina's expected victory in the Falkland Islands: Argentine General Osiris Villegas demanded (in April 1982) after the successful Argentine landing in the Falklands that his government stop negotiations with Chile and seize the islands south of the Beagle. In his book ""La propuesta pontificia y el espacio nacional comprometido"", (p. 2), he asked: This intention was probably known"
"and refrain from further military action. Panama voted against this resolution, with China, Poland, Spain and the Soviet Union abstaining. All 10 remaining members voted for the resolution. At 16:30 local time on 2 April 1982, the last telex conversation between the operator in the Falklands and an operative in London, announced that the islands were under Argentine control. LON (London): HELLO THERE WHAT ARE ALL THESE RUMOURS WE HEAR THIS IS LON<br> FK (Falklands): WE HAVE LOTS OF NEW FRIENDS <br> LON: WHAT ABOUT INVASION RUMOURS<br> FK: THOSE ARE THE FRIENDS I WAS MEANING<br> LON: THEY HAVE LANDED<br> FK:"
"Six days later, on 20 June, British forces landed on the South Sandwich Islands and Southern Thule where 10 unarmed Argentines handed over their station. 649 Argentines, 255 Brits and 3 Falkland Islanders died during the war. The Argentine Administration officially continued to exist until 15 May 1985 when it was dissolved by President Raúl Alfonsín. Since then, Argentina has claimed the islands are part of Tierra del Fuego (then an Argentine National Territory) which became a fully-fledged province of Argentina in 1990. Occupation of the Falkland Islands The occupation of the Falkland Islands and of South Georgia and the"
"radical effects of the ""Agrarian Reform"" initiated by Velasco, and reversed the independent stance that the Military Government of Velasco had with the United States. At the outbreak of the 1982 Falklands War between Argentina and Britain, Belaúnde declared that ""Peru was ready to support Argentina with all the resources it needed."" This included a number of fighter planes from the Peruvian Air Force, ships, and medical teams. Belaúnde's government proposed a peace settlement between the two countries, but the Argentine military junta rejected it and the British launched an attack on the Argentinian forces deployed around the islands. In"
"Juan Lombardo Juan José Lombardo (born 19 March 1927 in Salto, Buenos Aires) is a retired Argentine Vice Admiral imprisoned for crimes against humanity. He was the commander-in-chief of the ""Teatro de Operaciones del Atlántico sur"" (""TOAS"", South Atlantic Theatre of Operations) during the 1982 Falklands War. He was also the mastermind of Operation ""Rosario"", the Argentine invasion of the Falklands. In 2010 he was put under house arrest for crimes against humanity (""lesa humanidad"") committed in Argentina during the 1976-1980 dictatorship. He was later one of the 63 accused of such crimes during the dictatorship in a series of"
"that new elections would be held by early 1984. Following the defeat of Argentina in the Falklands War and the cessation of hostilities, Aguirre Lanari led international negotiations. He managed to get the United Nations to approve Resolution 37/9 in November 1982, which called on all parties to negotiate a solution to the Falkland Islands crisis. A member and former leader of the Liberal Party of Corrientes, Aguirre Lanari was elected to the Argentine Senate, representing his native Corrientes Province on three occasions: the 1963 general election, and the 1987 and 1989 elections following the transition to democracy. Aguirre Lanari"
"local airports of the Falklands Islands. Mj Brig Hughes also organized the deployment of the anti-aircraft artillery around the two main airfields. About 10 British incoming Harriers of different types were shot down or severely damaged, most of them at low altitude. Argentina lost about 60 planes and 8 ships. By the end of the war on June 1982, he was pointed by the surviving pilots to become the new Commander-in-Chief of the Argentine Air Force. In 1983, elections were called and 5 days before president Alfonsin took power on December 10th, he retired and his pilot career came to"
"in the Falklands. On 2 April 1982, Argentine forces mounted amphibious landings, known as Operation Rosario, on the Falkland Islands. The invasion was met with a nominal defence organised by the Falkland Islands' Governor Sir Rex Hunt, giving command to Major Mike Norman of the Royal Marines. The events of the invasion included the landing of Lieutenant Commander Guillermo Sanchez-Sabarots' Amphibious Commandos Group, the attack on Moody Brook barracks, the engagement between the troops of Hugo Santillan and Bill Trollope at Stanley, and the final engagement and surrender at Government House. Word of the invasion first reached the UK from"
"1976. After the defeat of Argentina in the Falklands War in 1982, the last dictator, General Reynaldo Bignone, signalled support for prompt elections. Contín, however, lost support from the majority of UCR delegates, who shifted towards the center-left leader of the ""Movement for Renewal and Change"" faction, Raúl Alfonsín. Alfonsín had been among the few political figures of any party to publicly oppose the ill-conceived invasion, and succeeded Contín as president of the National Committee of the UCR. Elections ultimately took place on October 30, 1983, and Alfonsín was elected President of Argentina. Contín accepted a post as Vice President"
"1982, starting the Falklands War. During their military occupation of the islands, the Argentine government shut-down the Legislative Council and deported several of its elected members (most notably Bill Luxton and his family), describing them as potential troublemakers. British forces liberated the Falkland Islanders from Argentine occupation on 14 June 1982, with civilian rule being restored on 25 June with the return of Governor Rex Hunt. On 18 April 1985 the Falkland Islands Constitution Order 1985 came into force which increased the number elected members of the Council to eight and in 1997 the constitution was amended with regard to"