"Iris florentina Iris florentina is the white flowered variant of Iris germanica now classified as ""Iris germanica nothovar. florentina"". It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions almost worldwide. It is also grown to produce orris-root, a scented substance used in perfumes, soaps, tooth cleanser, clothes washing powder. Medicinally it was also used as an expectorant and decongestant. It is made from the rhizomes of ""Iris florentina"", ""Iris germanica"" and ""Iris pallida"". It is a rhizomatous perennial, from southern Europe, mainly Italy (including the city of Florence), and France. It has a thick, violet scented rhizome, sword-like, green"
"for congestion of the liver. It is rarely used medicinally nowadays. It has been chewed as a breath freshener, carved into rosary beads, and given to babies as a teething aid. It is still used in cosmetics, perfumes, soaps and sweets. Also it is used for maturing Chianti wine, and as an ingredient in Bombay Sapphire Gin. ""Iris florentina"" is considered one of the irises (with ""Iris pseudacorus"") that inspired the fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-luce) of heraldry, which was the symbol of the city of Florence for centuries, and is on the coat of arms of the city. A legend of"
"also referred to as 'orris root butter' or 'butter of iris', making it a highly prized substance. Its fragrance has been described as tenaciously flowery, heavy and woody (paraphrasing ""Pavia"", Dutch translation, page 40). It is similar to violets. Typical iris perfumes (where orris prevails over the other components) are: ""Orris Noir"" by the London-based perfume house Ormonde Jayne Perfumery, ""Infusion d'iris"" (Prada*); ""N°15"" by Auphorie,; ""Iris Silver Mist"" (Serge Lutens*); ""Tumulte"" (Christian Lacroix*); ""Aqua di Parma""* and ""Iris nobile"" (Aqua di Parma*); ""Irisia""(Creed*); ""Y"" (Yves Saint Laurent*) and ""Vol de nuit"" (Guerlain*); ""Fantasy The Naughty Remix"" (Britney Spears*.) ""Orris"
"in the 14th and 15th centuries. It can not be distinguished from 'sap green' (or 'verte de vessie' or 'verde di vesica') a paint juice derived from Buckthorn berries. On the triptych painting, ""Adorazione dei Pastori"" by painter Hugo van der Goes (in 1475 or 1476), it has images of ""Iris florentina"" and ""Iris pallida"". It is in the Botticelli room of the Uffizi Gallery. The white flowers of ""Iris florentina"" are also used church decoration, and planted around graves in the city of Florence, as a token of respect to the deceased. Iris florentina Iris florentina is the white"
"Iris persica Iris persica or Persian Iris is a native plant of Iran. It is particularly known for its beauty and fragrance. This was one of the first 'Junos' to be described, this species has been in cultivation for centuries and was listed by Philip Miller in his book of 1732. It was originally grown as an indoor plant. The plant is short, about 4 inches (10 cm) high. The leaves are 0.2 to 0.6 inches (5 to 15 mm) wide with a pale edge and a grey underside. The flowers are 2 inches (5 cm) across, varying in colour"
"plant was also believed able to induce abortion. Parts were used in the ancient world as an anti-perspirant and for the manufacture of perfumes. Iris illyrica Iris illyrica, with the common name Illyrian Iris, is a perennial plant from the iris family (Iridaceae), native to Southeastern Europe. Its native range consists of much of the ancient region Illyria, for which it is named, located on the Balkan Peninsula. It can be found growing wild in modern Slovenia, Dalmatia (Croatia), Albania, Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and parts of Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia. ""Iris illyrica"" grows up to 40"
"winter should be protected by a covering of half-decayed leaves or fresh coco-fiber. Rhizomes of the German Iris (""I. germanica"") and Sweet Iris (""I. pallida"") are traded as orris root and are used in perfume and medicine, though more common in ancient times than today. Today Iris essential oil (absolute) from flowers are sometimes used in aromatherapy as sedative medicines. The dried rhizomes are also given whole to babies to help in teething. Gin brands such as Bombay Sapphire and Magellan Gin use orris root and sometimes iris flowers for flavor and color. For orris root production, iris rhizomes are"
"various kinds of Iris, of which so many bloom in June... in a snug sunny place at the foot of a south wall ""Iris persica"", whose delicate petals of palest greenish-blue are boldly painted with stronger colours..."" Iris persica Iris persica or Persian Iris is a native plant of Iran. It is particularly known for its beauty and fragrance. This was one of the first 'Junos' to be described, this species has been in cultivation for centuries and was listed by Philip Miller in his book of 1732. It was originally grown as an indoor plant. The plant is short,"
"and ""Iris crocea"" had the lowest content. In 2014, eight Irises from the Limniris section (""Iris crocea"", ""Iris ensata"", ""Iris orientalis"", ""Iris pseudacorus"", ""Iris setosa"", ""Iris sibirica"" with its cultivars ´Supernatural´ and ´Whiskey White´, ""Iris spuria"" and ""Iris versicolor"") were studied to find 12 chemical compounds (flavonoids, phenols, quinones, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, glycosides and proteins. ""Iris orientalis"" is pronounced as 'EYE-ris (Iris) or-ee-en-TAY-liss (Orientalis). It has several common names including; ""yellow band iris"" (in America), ""oriental iris"", ""Turkish Iris"" in the UK, ""eastern iris"", and ""russian beauty iris"". It is also known as ""gullbandsiris"" in Sweden."
"Iris albicans Iris albicans, also known as the cemetery iris, white cemetery iris, or the white flag iris, is a species of iris which was planted on graves in Muslim regions and grows in many countries throughout the Middle East and northern Africa. It was later introduced to Spain, and then other European countries. It is a natural hybrid. It grows to 30–60 cm tall. The leaves are grey-green, and broadly sword-shaped. The inflorescence is fan-shaped and contains two or three fragrant flowers. The flowers are grey or silvery in bud, and are white or off-white and 8 cm wide"
"exquisite material lends to very fine effects in various perfume types other than the old fashioned violet. Orris oil Orris oil (orris butter or Beurre d'Iris) is an essential oil derived from irises, particularly ""Iris germanica"". It is sometimes used as a flavoring agent and as an ingredient in perfume production. It can also have uses in body lotions. The rhizomes (roots) must be stored in a cool, dry location for three years to develop the scent. The fresh rhizomes are almost odorless. The distilled oil solidifies in the receiver as a wax-like and cream-colored mass known as orris concrete."
"a period of warmth and heat; they also need some moisture. Some seeds need stratification (the cold treatment), which can be carried out indoors or outdoors. Seedlings are generally potted on (or transplanted) when they have 3 leaves. Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves). If mistakenly ingested it can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Handling the plant may cause skin irritation or an allergic reaction. The iris has inspired a fragrance perfume called ""Infusion d'Iris Cedre"" from Prada. One of a set of six released in 2015, the perfume contains scents of"
"which ended in 1250. or 1267. The colours were then reversed, and the red lily (or red giglio,) on a field of white, which became the symbol of Florence. During the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period, ‘Iris green' (or 'Verdelis' and 'Vert d'iris'), was a rare, paint pigment colour used by manuscript illuminators and painters. It was made from the juice of the fresh flowers of ""Iris florentine"" and/or ""Iris germanica"". The bluish or purplish petal juice was steeped (soaked) in boiling water, then combined and thickened with alum. It then produces a clear green paint. It was used"
"Iris brandzae Iris brandzae is a species in the genus ""Iris"", it is also in the subgenus of ""Limniris"" and in Series ""Spuriae"". It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, originally from Romania with violet and white flowers. It was once thought to be a subspecies of ""Iris sintenisii"", but now classified as a separate species. It is also called ""Iris Brandzy"" or ""Prodan Iris"" in Russia. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. ""Iris brandzae"" is similar in form to ""Iris sintenisii"", but with several differences, including leaf form, flower shape and spathe form. It has an"
"white aril (coatings). As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. It has a chromosome count: 2n=44. It has the common names of 'Pamiriris'. It is known as 'Pobegonosy Iris' in Russia. The Latin specific epithet ""stolonifera"" derives from its thin stolon-like roots. (See description for more details.) It was first collected by Olga Fedtschenko in around 1870, It was first published and described by Karl Maximovich in the 'Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg' Vol.26 on page 535 in 1880. It was also published in 'Mélanges Biol."
"notes of juniper berries and oud. Turin and Sanchez also included the pair in their book of 100 “classics” in perfumery. Other notable Ormonde Jayne fragrances include Orris Noir, based on purple-black iris, pink pepper and pimento berries; Champaca, an orange wildflower from India mixed with green tea, basmati rice and myrrh; Sampaquita, named after a species of jasmine that is also the national flower of the Philippines; Ta’if, a rose and saffron fragrance named for the city in Saudi Arabia where the rose ingredient is grown; Tolu, a resin mixed with rose; Vanille d’Iris, vanilla and iris as well"
"in her book ""L'univers des Parfums"" (1995, ed. Solar), states that in the manufacturing of perfumes using orris, the scent of the iris root differs from that of the flower. After preparation the scent is reminiscent of the smell of violets. After an initial drying period, which can take five years or more depending on the use, the root is ground. For potpourri, this powder is used without further processing. For other uses, it is dissolved in water and then distilled. It becomes a highly scented, yellow-brown crystalline form. One ton of iris root produces two kilos of essential oil,"
"Iris foetidissima Iris foetidissima (stinking iris, gladdon, Gladwin iris, roast-beef plant, stinking gladwin), is a species of iris found in open woodland, hedgebanks and sea-cliffs. Its natural range is Western Europe, including England south of Durham and also Ireland, and from France south and east to N. Africa, Italy and Greece. It is one of two iris species native to Britain, the other being the yellow iris (""Iris pseudacorus""). Its flowers are usually of a dull, leaden-blue colour, or dull buff-yellow tinged with blue; the capsules, which remain attached to the plant throughout the winter, are 5–8 cm long; and"
"1811. In 1981, in his book ""The Iris"", Brian Mathew uses the name ""Iris sanguinea"" Donn. This was then used by other authors.(See Other Sources section) The Latin specific epithet ""sanguinea"" refers to the Latin word for blood, referring to the red-purple colour of the spathe valves of the iris. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service on 15 March 2002. ""Iris sanguinea"" is native to the temperate regions of eastern Asia. It is found between Russia (East of Lake Baikal in Siberia,"
"successful effort in the history of perfumery. Diorissimo also has notes of ylang-ylang, amaryllis, boronia and jasmine. The scent was reportedly a favorite of Diana, Princess of Wales. Over time, Diorissimo has been reformulated to comply with the regulations of International Fragrance Association (IFRA), in particular to remove two key components identified as potential allergens. Nevertheless, in the 21st century, Diorissimo has continued to be named to lists of the greatest fragrances of all time. Diorissimo Diorissimo is a floral perfume released by fashion brand Christian Dior and created by French master perfumier Edmond Roudnitska. Originally introduced in 1956, Diorissimo"
"the 'white flowered iris' or in the US as 'milky iris'. It is known as 'majiris', in Sweden. In Ladakhi of Tibet, it is known as 'Tesmamentok', meaning pale purple flower. The Latin specific epithet ""Lactea"" means milky color, hence the common name 'milky iris'. In China, it is written as 白花马蔺 白花马蔺 in Chinese script and known as 'bai hua ma lin' in Pidgin in China. It also known as Ma Lin or Malan flower. It was first published and described by Pallas in 'Reise Russ. Reich' (Reise durch Verschiedene Provinzen des Russischen Reichs – translated as 'Travel through"
"Helichrysum italicum Helichrysum italicum is a flowering plant of the daisy family Asteraceae. It is sometimes called the curry plant because of the strong smell of its leaves. Other common names include Italian strawflower and immortelle. It grows on dry, rocky or sandy ground around the Mediterranean. The stems are woody at the base and can reach or more in height. The clusters of yellow flowers are produced in summer, they retain their colour after picking and are used in dried flower arrangements. It is used as a fixative in perfumes and has an intense fragrance. This plant is sometimes"
"""Iris florentina"". In 2014, a study was carried out on the essential oil of ""Iris florentina"". It found several compounds including decanoic acid, ethanon, α-Iron, trans-2,6-γ-Iron, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, 9,12 oktadecadienoic acid and hexanedioic acid bis ester. In 2015, a study was carried out on the antioxidant and anticholinesterase potential of the iris. As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. It has a count of 2n=44, meaning it is a tetraploid. It has the common names of 'Florentine Iris', 'Florentine Flag' (in the"
"tender white form 'Alba', and a dwarf variety ""I. unguicularis"" subsp. ""cretensis"". The cultivar 'Mary Barnard' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. In 2013, a chemical analysis study was carried on ""Iris loczyi"" and ""Iris unguicularis"" as both plants are known as medicinally important. The rhizomes of ""Iris unguicularis"" contains 1,3-O-diferuloylsucrose, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxychromone, irilone, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-6-methoxyflavanone, tectorigenin, kaempferol, 4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,8-dimethoxyflavanone, 8-methoxyeriodictyol, hispidulin and mangiferin. Iris unguicularis Iris unguicularis (also commonly known as the Algerian iris) is a rhizomatous flowering plant in the genus ""Iris"", native to Greece, Turkey, Western Syria, and Tunisia. It grows to , with grassy evergreen"
"no scent. Iris graminea Iris graminea, is a species in the genus ""Iris"" belonging to the subgenus Limniris, in particular the series ""Spuriae"". It is a rhizomatous perennial, with purple or violet blue flowers almost hidden by narrow, grass-like leaves, and a plum scented fragrance. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It has several common names, including grass-leaved flag, grass leaved iris, plum iris and plum tart iris (due to its scent). This species naturally occurs in the southern half of Europe, from Spain and France in the West to Russia and the Caucasus in the"
"Orris oil Orris oil (orris butter or Beurre d'Iris) is an essential oil derived from irises, particularly ""Iris germanica"". It is sometimes used as a flavoring agent and as an ingredient in perfume production. It can also have uses in body lotions. The rhizomes (roots) must be stored in a cool, dry location for three years to develop the scent. The fresh rhizomes are almost odorless. The distilled oil solidifies in the receiver as a wax-like and cream-colored mass known as orris concrete. It is solid because of the high content of myristic acid (85%), a white sterin-like substance. Orris"
"(Iris) EYE-ris (graminea) gram-IN-ee-a. It is known as ""Iris à feuilles de graminées"" or ""Iris de Bayonne"" in France, and ""Giaggiolo susino"" in Italy. It is known as ""kosaciec trawolistny"" in Polish, and ""Iris trávolistý"" in Czechoslovakia. and it is known as ""zlakovidny iris"" in Russia, and ""gräsiris"" in Swedish,(meaning grass iris). The Latin specific epithet ""graminea"" refers to ""grassy"" due to the grass-like leaves. It has common names of ""Grass-Leaved Flag"" (in the US) or ""Grass leaved Iris"", ""Plum Iris"", and ""Plum tart Iris"", or ""Plum scented Iris"", (because of the scent). It was originally published and described by"
"the plant. Since, being introduced it has been used in many plant breeding or hybridizing programmes. Robert Wallace (of Essex,) introduced many crosses (including 'Caterina', 'Crusader' and 'Lady Foster') after Dr Foster's death in 1907. As well as Iris 'Kashmir White' (in 1912). A known ""Iris cypriana"" cultivar is 'Cypriana Tarsus'. Known ""Iris cypriana"" crosses include; 'Ambrose Wiseman', 'Amy Brandon Thomas', 'Arac', 'Bashi – Bazouk', 'Bolinbroke', 'Caterina', 'Crusader', 'Erato', 'Halstead', 'Hamdo'llah', 'John Foster', 'Korolcyp', 'Lady Foster', 'Mareschal', 'Mother Of Pearl', 'Muriel', 'Nirvana', 'Red Embers', 'Shelford Chieftain', 'Stamboul', 'Tamerlain', 'Yolande'. Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous"
"reaction. The rhizomes of the plant can be used in herbal medicines to be used as a laxative. The rhizomes also contain as isoflavone (containing a scent) which is used in perfumery. Iris leptophylla Iris leptophylla is a species in the genus ""Iris"", it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the ""Pseudoregelia section"". It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China. It has thin, long grey-green leaves, long slender stem and 2 fragrant purple, blue-purple, violet or lavender pink flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It has a thick rhizome, which is swollen"
"Iris sambucina Iris sambucina ('elder scented iris') is a species in the genus ""Iris"", it is also in the subgenus of Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from southern and central Europe (Germany, GB and Ireland, Italy, the Balkans, Croatia), and Spain. It has green, curved or sword-like leaves, tall round stem (with branches), multiple flowers in shades from brown violet, or brown-purple, to purple-violet, blue violet, mauve, and to purple. The large flowers are fragrant, with the scent of elderflowers, hence the name. It was once separate species (when found), then it was classified as a synonym of ""Iris"
"oil, a smell which some find objectionable. However, according to others ""the smell is not all that bad."" ""Rosa foetida"" was imported to Europe from Persia (""R. foetida"" 'persiana' being the name of one of its varieties), and was important to European horticulture since it had no native yellow roses. It was described (in 1583) and successfully cultivated by Carolus Clusius; he grew them in the imperial garden of Rudolf II in Vienna. Its popularity was aided by Clusius's contemporary, Flemish painter and engraver Joris Hoefnagel, who contrasted it with the Eglantine rose in a manuscript illustration. An important rose,"
"cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction. It is normally used as a garden ornamental plant, but they have also been planted in cemeteries, including in Rajib. The iris rhizome has been used in a perfume called 'Iris Nazarena', by ""Aedes de Venustas"", a New York-based fragrance boutique. One source states that the iris was chosen, as the logo of The Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel, but it is in fact ""Iris haynei"" (the Gilboa Iris). The 'Nazareth Iris' is known as the symbol of the"
"of this discovery was reported extensively through the world press and many artifacts are already on display in Rome. The Bible describes a sacred perfume (Exodus 30:22-33) consisting of liquid myrrh, fragrant cinnamon, fragrant cane, and cassia. Its use was forbidden, except by the priests. The women wore perfume to present their beauty. Islamic cultures contributed significantly to the development of Western perfumery in two significant areas: perfecting the extraction of fragrances through steam distillation and introducing new raw materials. Both have greatly influenced Western perfumery and scientific developments, particularly chemistry. With a rise of Islam, Muslims improved perfume production"