"barrows. Grave goods are a common characteristic of chamber tomb burials. In Neolithic and Bronze Age Europe, stone-built examples of these burials are known by the generic term of megalithic tombs. Chamber tombs are often distinguished by the layout of their chambers and entrances or the shape and material of the structure that covered them, either an earth barrow or stone cairn. A wide variety of local types has been identified, and some designs appear to have influenced others. General terms: Chamber tomb A chamber tomb is a tomb for burial used in many different cultures. In the case of"
"Age tumulus with a stone ring around its foot. Tombs of this kind are characteristic for the Tumulus culture named after this burial practice. Soil discoloration indicated two treetrunk coffin burials. A palstave and bronze needle were found as grave goods. There were more tumuli in the area which have been destroyed. The Urnfield culture which succeeded the Tumulus culture is also represented at the site. This culture was named after its method of burial as well, the burial of cremated remains in urnfields. An urnfield cemetery with 940 graves dating to the early Iron Age lies between the megalithic"
"tumulus was a stone chamber, into which human remains were deposited on at least two separate occasions during the Early Neolithic. Osteoarchaeological analysis of these remains has shown them to be those of at least seventeen individuals, a mixture of men, women, children and adults. At least one of the bodies had been dismembered before burial, potentially reflecting a funerary tradition of excarnation and secondary burial. As with other barrows, Coldrum has been interpreted as a tomb to house the remains of the dead, perhaps as part of a belief system involving ancestor veneration, although archaeologists have suggested that it"
"wide for this type of grave, opens in two places, with stone doorframes and doorsteps. At its one end lies a big flat stone, presumably used to close the entry. In 1960, the grave was excavated by one of Europe's leading experts in late Stone Age burials, Håkon Berg of the Langeland Museum. In the separate section in the grave chamber, sharpened flint axes and chisels, flint daggers, transverse arrowheads, decorated ceramics, amber beads as well as heaps of bones of 36 adults and 17 children were found. A skull found in the passage shows what might be the earliest"
"containing 18 burials. There may have been more, but if so they are now beneath the bypass. Most of the bodies lay with their heads pointing east or north. Three of the adults had been beheaded, and were laid with their heads between their legs. This was a burial practice in the late Roman and early Anglo-Saxon eras. It is not known whether beheading was the cause of death or was done posthumously. In a later phase of settlement, a midden covered the cemetery. Artefacts found included a whetstone made from local limestone, a copper alloy brooch, a copper finger"
"called Grave 1 and the two adolescent children in Grave 2, placed head-to-head, together with an adult femur filled with red ochre. The three people buried at Sungir were all adorned with elaborate grave goods that included ivory-beaded jewelry, clothing, and spears. More than 13,000 beads were found (which would have taken 10,000 hours to produce). Red ochre, an important ritual material associated with burials at this time, covered the burials. The children are considered a twin burial, thought to have ritual purpose, likely sacrifice. The findings of such complete skeletons are rare in late Stone Age, and indicate the"
"that at least forty people of all ages and sexes were buried there during the Neolithic period; it would appear to be a burial chamber used by the whole settlement. The corpses of the dead were probably left exposed before being moved into the burial chamber. Neolithic and Bell-Beaker style pottery has also been found, this showed that the burial chamber tomb was probably used by a community over a long period of time, maybe up until the early Bronze Age period. Restoration work was carried out at the same time, with a brick pillar built to support the capstone."
"sites from the Late Iron Age in southern Britain. There is little evidence for burial in the Iron Age until late on in the period, and it is believed that the prevalent method of disposing of a body was by excarnation. Wheeler's excavations on the cemetery in the eastern gateway revealed 52 burials, but only part of the cemetery was investigated, so the total number of burials is likely to be at least double this figure. One area of the cemetery featured burials of 14 people who had died in violent circumstances, including one body with a Roman catapult bolt"
"which only one single deceased was buried, around the central graves further graves were created. The middle grave is larger and deeper than the others. The pits were edged with stone and have a depth of up to 1.30 meters. Archaeologists found the skeletons of 17 people who died at the age of 20 to 50 years; as grave goods mainly pottery were found. 16 people were buried here, skeletons of 12 adults and four children were discovered. The cemetery is located in the immediate vicinity of a Roman farmhouse and was created in the first half of the 4th"
"Talheim Death Pit The Talheim Death Pit (German: ""Massaker von Talheim""), discovered in 1983, was a mass grave found in a Linear Pottery Culture settlement, also known as a Linearbandkeramik (LBK) culture. It dates back to about 5000 BC. The pit takes its name from its site in Talheim, Germany. The pit contained the remains of 34 bodies, and evidence points towards the first signs of organized violence in Early Neolithic Europe. The Talheim grave contained a total of 34 skeletons, consisting of 16 children, nine adult males, seven adult women, and two more adults of indeterminate sex. Several skeletons"
"to 50 infants, juveniles and adults. These remains date back to the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods displaying clear differences in between the two periods. The Neolithic bones exhibit exposure to fire and cutting marks, whereas the Chalcolithic remains lack either of these two features. Additionally, the distribution of both groups along with the specific pattern of fractures they present, indicate that the corpses were not deposited, but thrown. Hence, the most likely places through which they were thrown are the hollows that connect the upper cave and the chasm itself. Cave of the Angel The Cave of the Angel refers"
"a hole or chamber ""filled to the brim"" with children's skeletons underneath a concrete slab. One of them later said he had seen about twenty skeletons. The slab was believed by some to have covered the former Home's septic tank. Locals speculated that these were the remains of victims of the Great Famine, unbaptised babies, and/or stillborn babies from the Home. The number of bodies was then unknown, but was assumed to be small. It was re-sealed shortly afterwards, following prayers at the site by a priest. For the next 35 years the burial site was tended to by a"
"stones surrounding the whole site, known as a ""Hünenbett"". This is missing at Goldbusch, although there may have been one initially. The chamber was probably originally buried under an earth mound covered in turn with boulders. The grave site was constructed in the New Stone Age by the agricultural peoples of the Funnelbeaker culture and used for several centuries. The dead would have been laid out for extended periods outdoors. The bones were laid down together with the grave goods in the chamber. In the local area around the Goldbusch tomb was a large number of similar sites. On the"
"Tinkinswood Tinkinswood or its full name Tinkinswood Burial Chamber (), also known as Castell Carreg, Llech-y-Filiast and Maes-y-Filiast, is a megalithic burial chamber, built around 6,000 BP (before Present), during the Neolithic period, in the Vale of Glamorgan, near Cardiff, Wales. The structure is called a dolmen, which was the most common megalithic structure in Europe. The dolmen is of the Severn-Cotswold tomb type, and consists of a large capstone on top, with smaller upright stones supporting it. The limestone capstone at Tinkinswood weighs approximately 40 long tons and measures x ; it is thought to be the largest in"
"a second stone circle. Harrespil Harrespil is the Basque name, that can be translated by ""stone circle"", given to small megalithic monuments which abounds on mountains of the Basque Country in particular. They are also called baratz, a basque word meaning ""garden"" and traditionally applied to the prehistoric necropoles. Gathered in necropoles of 5 to 20 monuments, they appeared during the late bronze age (from approximately -1200) but remained used during the iron age. These burials are distinguished from the preceding ones by the recourse to cremation, like in the urnfield culture. More spectacular by its fitting than by the"
"the bodies were then placed in the mound itself. Over 40 remains have been removed from the mound. They had been buried in the Bronze Age style, with inverted cinerary urns placed over the cremation ashes. The full body of a Bronze Age adolescent was also discovered in the mound. The body was placed in a crouched position in a simple pit dug in the mound. Grave goods found with the body include a decorated bead necklace, a bronze knife, and a bronze awl—a suggestion that he was a person of some importance. Unlike some similar structures, there is no"
"Giants' grave Giants' tomb (Italian: ""Tomba dei giganti"", Sardinian: ""Tumba de zigantes"" / ""gigantis"") is the name given by local people and archaeologists to a type of Sardinian megalithic gallery grave built during the Bronze Age by the Nuragic civilization. They were collective tombs and can be found throughout Sardinia, with 800 being discovered there. A stone cairn lies over the burial chambers, with some examples having a cup-shaped entrance similar to the court cairn tombs of Ireland. There are two general types of giants' tomb. In the so-called ""slab type"", uncut slabs are buried on end in the ground,"
"site is of metal age, dating 70- 370 AD and 5 BC to AD 225. This site consisted of sixteen dug-out wooden coffins in varying designs and woods used. Materials found were different varieties of metal implements such as bolos, metal spearheads and beads. This site is of early Iron Age, AD 140 +/- 340. This site is a huge burial site where a total of 51 burials were found. Materials were same with the other sites, with the inclusion of a large amount of trade goods from china, especially porcelain. Local imitations of porcelain were also found. This site"
"Vätteryd The Vätteryd grave field (Swedish: ""Vätteryds gravfält""), also known as Vätterydshed, is an Iron Age grave field in Hässleholm Municipality in the Swedish province of Scania. It is located in a heathfield between the localities of Tjörnarp and Sösdala. The grave field consists of 183 menhirs, 15 stone ships - the largest 25 m long and 8 m wide - and 2 circles. Many of the stone ships are so damaged that all that remains are parts smaller than half the original size. In the beginning of the 19th century, Vätteryd, with about 600 menhirs, was considered the largest"
"the Protoclassic. Burial 21 was found under the temple at the summit of Building C when archaeologists investigated a looters' tunnel. It dates to the Postclassic and was an adult male aged between 35 and 50 years of age, lying horizontally with an east-west orientation. There were few graves goods recovered, a monochrome vessel with a lid containing three small pieces of jade, a piece of quartz crystal, a shell bead and some pieces of turquoise. Burial 22 is a collection of disarticulated longbones, belonging to a young child of between 2½ to 4 years old, buried at the base"
"further 14 individuals were scattered in front of it. Analysis of these remains indicated that they had been subjected to excarnation before burial and deposited in possibly four different phases. Postholes at one end have been interpreted as supporting a timber facade. The whole monument was covered by an earth barrow with material excavated from two flanking ditches and measured around 20m in length. The later stone tomb consists of two opposing transept chambers and terminal chamber; along with the longer entrance chamber, this gives the burial area a cruciform appearance in plan. At the entrance four large sarsen stones"
"was a rare example of a single woman given a full ceremonial burial in a wooden chamber tomb in the fifth century BC, accompanied by six horses. She had been buried over 2,400 years ago in a casket fashioned from the hollowed-out trunk of a Siberian larch tree. On the outside of the casket were stylized images of deer and snow leopards carved in leather. Shortly after burial the grave had apparently been flooded by freezing rain, and the entire contents of the burial chamber had remained frozen in permafrost. Six horses wearing elaborate harnesses had been sacrificed and lay"
"a circle and an altarlike sarcophagus. In the memorial stone are memorial books with the names of the dead from the originally 12, now 13, singing circles. The wrought iron altar wing bears the Latin inscription ""Mortui vivimus"" – ""We, the dead, live"". The ""Jungfernhöhle"" (""Maids’ Cave"") near Tiefenellern is a Neolithic archaeological site. Digs here brought to light use of the cave by four cultures in the New Stone Age and by almost all subsequent ones. The name ""Jungfernhöhle"" refers to the human remains found here, which were overwhelmingly female. On the road from Litzendorf to Geisfeld are found"
"stage of Stonehenge, and it was in use until around 2500 BC. The mound has been damaged by indiscriminate digging, but archaeological excavations in 1859 and 1955-56 found at least 46 burials, ranging from babies to elderly persons. The bones were disarticulated with some of the skulls and long bones missing. It has been suggested that the bones were removed periodically for display or transported elsewhere. Recent re-analysis of the dating evidence suggests that the 46 people all died within 20 – 30 years of each other, but that the tomb was open for 1,000 years. The latest excavations also"
"early Neolithic up to 1600 - 1700 BCE. There are an estimated 250 - 500 bodies buried in the mound, organised into layers under the passage. The dead were most often cremated, and their ashes and grave goods spread on the floor of the tomb. These grave goods include decorative pottery and urns, stone beads, and bone pins. The remains were then covered with stone slabs. With this method, layers of ashes and stone built up over time and successive burials. More burials occurred at this site in the Bronze Age, and space in the passage eventually became unavailable, so"
"and several items labelled as ""personal belongings"" frequently used by Cao Cao, including weapons and stone pillows. The bones of three persons were also unearthed and identified to be those of a man in his 60s, a woman in her 50s and another woman in her 20s. The tomb, made of bricks, faced east and formed a shape resembling the Chinese character ""jia"" () when viewed from above. It covered an area of roughly 740 square metres and its deepest point was about 15 metres below the ground. The underground tomb has two main chambers (front and back), four side"
"a fortification, Herxheim was an enclosed center for ritual. Talheim Death Pit The Talheim Death Pit (German: ""Massaker von Talheim""), discovered in 1983, was a mass grave found in a Linear Pottery Culture settlement, also known as a Linearbandkeramik (LBK) culture. It dates back to about 5000 BC. The pit takes its name from its site in Talheim, Germany. The pit contained the remains of 34 bodies, and evidence points towards the first signs of organized violence in Early Neolithic Europe. The Talheim grave contained a total of 34 skeletons, consisting of 16 children, nine adult males, seven adult women,"
"tomb and the tumulus tomb. The graves are covered by heterogeneous stone pavement of up to four meters in diameter next to a standing stone. Circles of small stelae surround the graves and probably served to mark the graves and to protect the earthenware vessels. Occasionally, the cremated remains lay in a small stone box. Mainly adults were buried here, it was mostly women whose urns lay under the cobblestone pavement. In a less densely populated part of the urn cemetery a flat grave was found which dated to the Funnelbeaker culture. A stone axe was found as grave good."
"Street was used as a burial ground. The name Tuam is a cognate with the Latin term tumulus (burial mound). The town's ancient name was ""Tuaim Dá Ghualann"", i.e. the burial mound of two shoulders. The name probably refers to the high ground on either side of the River Nanny, overlooking a probable fording point over the River Nanny (or Corchra). In 1875, a Bronze Age burial urn was discovered in the area by workmen, dating from c.1500 B.C. An early glass photograph still exists. The history of Tuam as a settlement dates from the early sixth century. Legend states"
"were begun by G. Taylor in 1962 after ploughing disturbed remains. Three burial areas, dating from around the mid-5th and 6th centuries, have since been identified; north/south along the hill crest, east/west on the hill's western slope and a deposit of cremations on the eastern slope. From 1962 to July 1976, 76 graves and 5 cremations were recorded. In one grave the decapitated body of a woman was placed on top of that of an 'important old man'. The cemetery passed out of use in the late 6th or early 7th centuries, and its activity, in the early Anglo-Saxon period,"
"tumulus, a pair of grave cairns, about 300 stone circles in different shapes, two stone ships, 14 stone circles. In Sweden, such circles are called Domarringar (judge circles), Domkretsar (judge circles) or Domarsäten (judge seats), which are different from the stone circles of the Bronze Age and Britain. There are also 38 rectangular stone circles, about 300 menhirs and three sunken lanes. The grave field, situated on relatively high ground on the southern part of Jordbromalm's esker, was already populated during the early stone age when the area was right next to the beach. The Grave Field is roughly 500"
"burial mound 52 metres wide (and thus the largest of its kind in western Europe). Dubbed the ""king's grave"" (""Vorstengraf (Oss)""), it contained extraordinary objects, including an iron sword with an inlay of gold and coral. In the centuries just before the arrival of the Romans, northern areas formerly occupied by the Elp culture emerged as the probably Germanic Harpstedt culture while the southern parts were influenced by the Hallstatt culture and assimilated into the Celtic La Tène culture. The contemporary southern and western migration of Germanic groups and the northern expansion of the Hallstatt culture drew these peoples into"
"period dating to the 5th century have been found as well. The name of a certain Urbanibal, a person of Carthaginian descent who lived during the Roman period, is preserved on a funeral urn discovered in the Roman cemetery and now displayed in the Carmona City Museum ""(Museo de la Ciudad de Carmona)"". The bodies were cremated in crematories excavated in the rock, where the funeral pyre stood. Sometimes these crematories were also used for burials; the ashes were deposited in them, then they were covered with stone blocks, bricks, and tegulae. A stele was placed to indicate their location"