"leading predator, and the jaguar (""Panthera onca""), which are found with greater rheas and opportunistically hunt them in the Paraguayan chaco, central Bolivia and the Brazilian cerrado. Feral dogs are known to kill younger birds, and the southern caracara (""Caracara plancus"") is suspected to prey on hatchlings. Armadillos sometimes feed on greater rhea eggs; nests have been found which had been undermined by a six-banded armadillo (""Euphractus sexcinctus"") or a big hairy armadillo (""Chaetophractus villosus"") and the rhea eggs were broken apart. Predation on young rheas has also been reportedly committed by greater grisons (""Galictis vittata""). Captive-bred greater rheas exhibit"
"derives from classical Latin ""panthēra"", itself from the ancient Greek ""pánthēr"" (πάνθηρ). In Mexican Spanish, its nickname is ""el tigre"": 16th century Spaniards had no native word in their language for the jaguar, which is smaller than a lion, but bigger than a leopard, nor had ever encountered it in the Old World, and so named it after the tiger, since its ferocity would have been known to them through Roman writings and popular literature during the Renaissance. ""Onca"" is the Portuguese ""onça"", with the cedilla dropped for typographical reasons, found in English as ""ounce"" for the snow leopard, ""Panthera"
"Big cat The term ""big cat"" is typically used to refer to any of the five living members of the genus ""Panthera"", namely tiger, lion, jaguar, leopard, and snow leopard. Except the snow leopard, these species are able to roar. A more liberal and expansive definition of the term includes species outside of ""Panthera"" including the cougar, clouded leopard, Sunda clouded leopard and cheetah, although these added species also do not roar. Despite enormous differences in size, various cat species are quite similar in both structure and behaviour, with the exception of the cheetah, which significantly stands out from the"
"– where ""lonce"" was interpreted as ""l'once"", in which ""l"" is the elided form of the French definite article ""la"" ('the'), leaving ""once"" to be perceived as the animal's name. This, like the English version ""ounce"", came to be used for other lynx-sized cats, and eventually for the snow leopard. The word ""panther"" derives from classical Latin ""panthēra"", itself from the ancient Greek ""pánthēr"" (πάνθηρ). The snow leopard was first described by the German naturalist Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber on the basis of an illustration in his 1777 publication ""Die Säugethiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen"". Schreber"
"Panthera Corporation Panthera Corporation, or Panthera is a charitable organization devoted to preserving big cats and their ecosystems around the globe. Founded in 2006, Panthera focuses its efforts on conservation of the world's largest, most imperiled cats: tigers, lions, jaguars and snow leopards, and also developing conservation programs for cheetahs, leopards and cougars. The organization has offices in New York City and London. Panthera works in partnership with local and international NGOs, scientific institutions, and government agencies to develop and implement range-wide species conservation strategies. It has funded the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit at Oxford University, with a diploma program"
"not been selectively bred. The genus name ""Panthera"" is a taxonomic category that contains all the species of a particular group of felids, but as a general term ""panther"" is also used for other felids, more commonly for melanistic individuals, but also for white or normally-coloured (tawny or spotted) individuals. The white jaguar is a prime example of the genetis helusius mutation that has been proven to be the largest growing mutation among big cats. This genetic deformity causes the species it has afflicted to become more aggressive than the average big cat. In some cases the panther has been"
"""Onça"" is the Brazilian Portuguese word for jaguar, ""Panthera onca"", where a spotted jaguar is known as ""onça-pintada"" and a melanistic one as ""onça-preta"". These are real animals, occurring as far north as Mexico and possibly into the southwest of the United States. Also, a cat some call the ""puma"" ""Puma concolor"" is known most often as ""onça-parda"" in some areas of Brazil (in others, it is known by the name that predates American cougar, ""suçuarana""). A legend that is claimed to be less well known among cryptozoologists states that there are two species of jaguarundi living in Mexico, one"
"Oncilla The oncilla (""Leopardus tigrinus""), also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because the population is threatened by deforestation and conversion of habitat to agricultural land. In 2013, it was proposed to assign the population in southern Brazil and Cuyoaco to a new species ""L. guttulus"", after it was found not to be interbreeding with the ""L. tigrinus"" population in northeast Brazil. The oncilla resembles the margay and the ocelot, but it is"
"Exceptionally heavy male lions and tigers have been recorded to exceed in the wilderness, and weigh around in captivity. The liger can grow to be much larger than its parent species, the lion and tiger. In particular, a liger called 'Nook' is reported to have weighed over . Big cat The term ""big cat"" is typically used to refer to any of the five living members of the genus ""Panthera"", namely tiger, lion, jaguar, leopard, and snow leopard. Except the snow leopard, these species are able to roar. A more liberal and expansive definition of the term includes species outside"
", ""P. tigris"" about , ""P. uncia"" about and ""P. pardus"" about . Mitochondrial sequence data from fossils suggest that the American lion (""P. l. atrox"") is a sister lineage to Upper Pleistocene Eurasian cave lion (""P. l. spelaea"") that diverged about . The prehistoric cat ""Panthera onca gombaszogensis"", often called European jaguar is probably closely related to the modern jaguar. The earliest evidence of the species was obtained at Olivola in Italy, and dates 1.6 million years. During the 19th and 20th centuries, various explorers and staff of natural history museums suggested numerous subspecies, or at times called races,"
"that have gone one year without killing a snow leopard, and livestock vaccinations in Pakistan, where loss to disease is greater than leopard depredation. Panthera Corporation Panthera Corporation, or Panthera is a charitable organization devoted to preserving big cats and their ecosystems around the globe. Founded in 2006, Panthera focuses its efforts on conservation of the world's largest, most imperiled cats: tigers, lions, jaguars and snow leopards, and also developing conservation programs for cheetahs, leopards and cougars. The organization has offices in New York City and London. Panthera works in partnership with local and international NGOs, scientific institutions, and government"
"Tiger The tiger (""Panthera tigris"") is the largest cat species, most recognizable for its pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus ""Panthera"" with the lion, jaguar, leopard, and snow leopard. It is an apex predator, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids. It is territorial and generally a solitary but social predator, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support its prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that it is indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on Earth, has caused significant"
"panther. ""P. concolor"" holds the Guinness record for the animal with the greatest number of names, with over 40 in English alone. ""Cougar"" is borrowed from the Portuguese ""çuçuarana"", via French; the term was originally derived from the Tupi language. A current form in Brazil is ""suçuarana"". In the 17th century, German naturalist Georg Marcgrave named the cat the ""cuguacu ara"". Marcgrave's rendering was reproduced in 1648 by his associate, Dutch naturalist Willem Piso. ""Cuguacu ara"" was then adopted by English naturalist John Ray in 1693. The French naturalist Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1774 (probably influenced by the"
"jaguar (Panthera onca) is called ""onça"". The dogs are called ""cachorro"". The game is also known as Jaguar and Dogs. It is thought that the Spanish brought Alquerque to the Americas, and this accounts for the use of the Alquerque board in this game. The jaguar attempts to capture at least five dogs in order to stalemate the game; a stalemate is a win for the jaguar. The dogs try to surround the jaguar, and block its movements. The board used is an expanded Alquerque board with one triangular patterned board on one of its sides. There is only 1"
"White panther A white panther is a white specimen of any of several species of larger cat. ""Panther"" is used in some parts of North America to mean the cougar (""Puma concolor""), in South America to mean the jaguar (""Panthera onca"") and elsewhere it refers to the leopard (""Panthera pardus""). A white panther may therefore be a white cougar, a white jaguar or a white leopard. Of these, white leopards appear to be the most common, although still very rare. White panthers may be the result of albinism, leucism or the chinchilla mutation. Unlike the black panther, white panthers have"
"in North America, and a few in zoos in Europe and South America. In captivity, the oncilla tends to have high infant mortality rate. Oncilla The oncilla (""Leopardus tigrinus""), also known as the northern tiger cat, little spotted cat, and tigrillo, is a small spotted cat ranging from Central America to central Brazil. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because the population is threatened by deforestation and conversion of habitat to agricultural land. In 2013, it was proposed to assign the population in southern Brazil and Cuyoaco to a new species ""L. guttulus"", after it was"
"Onza The Onza is claimed to be a feline species similar to a cougar. It is a cryptid—a creature whose existence has been alleged but not proven. The term has also been used to refer to the jaguarundi (""Puma yaguaroundi""). The Spanish name ""onza"" derives from the Latin ""lynx"", ""lyncis"", and is equivalent to the English word ""ounce"", originally applied to the lynx but now more commonly to the snow leopard (""Uncia uncia""). There are old texts written by Spanish conquistadors about the onza, but they might refer to the jaguarundi, which is known as ""onza"" in many Mexican states."
"species. In some Mexican states the jaguarundi is also referred to as ""onza"". Furthermore, there are also local legends claiming that there are two species of jaguarundi, one of which is usually called ""onza"". Onza The Onza is claimed to be a feline species similar to a cougar. It is a cryptid—a creature whose existence has been alleged but not proven. The term has also been used to refer to the jaguarundi (""Puma yaguaroundi""). The Spanish name ""onza"" derives from the Latin ""lynx"", ""lyncis"", and is equivalent to the English word ""ounce"", originally applied to the lynx but now more"
"Pantera foundation Stichting Pantera or The Pantera Foundation is a big cat foundation in Netherlands, established 5 May 1993. Pantera has an animal sanctuary for big cats in Nijeberkoop, Netherlands, and houses some 30 big cats; including tigers, lions, and leopards. It works as a weystation for unwanted big cats from zoos and circuses, and attempts to place the animals in accredited facilities. If the animals cannot be placed, for behavioral or health reasons, Pantera provides a permanent home. Through the ""Äfrika Project"", there is an intention to find ways to release captive born animals to large wildlife reserves in"
"Dr. Alan Rabinowitz in 2006. Panthera is devoted to preserving the big cats and their ecosystems and has been recognized as a leading force in felid conservation. Conservationist Doug Tompkins has referred to Panthera as ""the foremost big cat conservation organization in the world,"" with ""National Geographic"" saying Panthera ""represents the most comprehensive effort of its kind in wildcat conservation."" For his work as an environmentalist, Kaplan was the recipient of the ""Hero of the Year Award"" by the IWFF in 2012. Kaplan and his wife Dafna helped establish a globally recognized felid conservation program at Oxford University in collaboration"
"Cougar The cougar (""Puma concolor""), also commonly known as the puma, mountain lion, panther or catamount, is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae native to the Americas. Its range, from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes of South America, is the widest of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere. An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in most American habitat types. It is the biggest cat in North America, and the second-heaviest cat in the New World after the jaguar. Secretive and largely solitary by nature, the cougar is properly considered both nocturnal and"
"appropriate forensic knowledge. Cougar The cougar (""Puma concolor""), also commonly known as the puma, mountain lion, panther or catamount, is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae native to the Americas. Its range, from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes of South America, is the widest of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere. An adaptable, generalist species, the cougar is found in most American habitat types. It is the biggest cat in North America, and the second-heaviest cat in the New World after the jaguar. Secretive and largely solitary by nature, the cougar is properly considered"
"eating bone based on the evidence of its carnassial teeth, and it was a fast eater that likely could consume a great deal of flesh before another predator, such as hyenas, the machairodont ""Homotherium"", or wolves arrived to drive the cat from its kill. Within the same species, as shown in the modern South American jaguar (""Panthera onca"") and the Asian tiger (""Panthera tigris""), individuals in higher and colder areas grow to larger sizes. The fossil record for cheetahs is scarce. In contrast to ""Smilodon fatalis"", severe injuries lead to death and there is no sign of cooperation as seen"
"described in 1954 as ""Panthera schaubi"", but was assigned in 1965 to a new genus as ""Viretailurus schaubi"" due to distinct differences from other pantherin cats. In 2001, however, it was pointed out that the various puma-like fossils in Eurasia could all be attributed to a single species, ""Puma pardoides"". Puma pardoides Puma pardoides, sometimes called the Eurasian puma or Owen's panther, is an extinct prehistoric cat. It was long regarded as a primitive species of leopard (genus ""Panthera""). Recent work however has shown that ""Panthera pardoides"" and ""Panthera schaubi"" are actually the same species, and are probably not pantherine"
"their native habitats. Stichting Pantera operates under the principles of the UN Convention on Biological Diversity of 1992. Pantera foundation Stichting Pantera or The Pantera Foundation is a big cat foundation in Netherlands, established 5 May 1993. Pantera has an animal sanctuary for big cats in Nijeberkoop, Netherlands, and houses some 30 big cats; including tigers, lions, and leopards. It works as a weystation for unwanted big cats from zoos and circuses, and attempts to place the animals in accredited facilities. If the animals cannot be placed, for behavioral or health reasons, Pantera provides a permanent home. Through the ""Äfrika"
"to be from the late Miocene, about 9.9 Ma. After its original description, no further material was assigned to the species. In 2017, a review of the species ""Felis pamiri"" concluded that it was likely closely related to ""S. lorteti"", and reassigned both species to the genus ""Miopanthera"". The paper also noted that the species ""Panthera blytheae"", which had been described not long before, lacked features that assigned it specifically to the genus ""Panthera"", but that further examination of the material had the potential to clarify ""Miopanthera""'s relation to the modern panthrin (""Panthera"" and ""Neofelis"") cats. ""Miopanthera lorteti"" ranged in"
"onca""), the world’s largest living rodents, capybaras (""Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris""), kinkajous (""Potos flavus""), and white-lipped peccaries (""Tayassu pecari""). Some of the globally threatened animals found in this region include black caimans (""Melanosuchus niger"") and spectacled caimans (""Caiman crocodilus crocodilus""), woolly monkeys (""Lagothrix lagotricha""), giant otters (""Pteronura brasiliensis""), giant anteaters (""Myrmecophaga tridactyla""), and ocelots (""Leopardus pardalis""). Pygmy marmosets (""Cebuella pygmaea""), Goeldi marmosets (""Callimico goeldii""), pacaranas (""Dinomys branickii""), and eastern lowland olingos (""Bassaricyon alleni"") are found here, but not in regions to the east. Other primates present include tamarins (""Saguinus fuscicollis"" and ""Saguinus imperator""), brown pale-fronted capuchins (""Cebus albifrons""), squirrel monkeys (""Saimiri sciureus""),"
"would have appeared like a jaguar, stout and strong. The conical upper canines were not present in the fossil, but the lower canines bear the vertical grooves typical of ""Panthera"". Panthera palaeosinensis Panthera palaeosinensis was an early Pleistocene species from northern China. It is often incorrectly referenced as the ancestral tiger, ""Panthera tigris"", although it shares features with all living large cats. Recent studies place it close to the base of the genus ""Panthera"". ""Panthera palaeosinensis"" was first described in 1924 as ""Felis paneosinensis"" by Otto Zdansky in his work ""Jungtertiäre Carnivoren Chinas"". The dating is not certain, but estimates"
"Puma (genus) Puma is a genus in the family Felidae that contains the cougar (also known as the puma, among other names), and may also include several poorly known Old World fossil representatives (for example, ""Puma pardoides"", or Owen's panther, a large, cougar-like cat of Eurasia's Pliocene). In addition to these potential Old World fossils, a few New World fossil representatives are possible, such as ""Puma pumoides"" and the two proposed species of the so-called ""American cheetah"". Pumas are large, secretive cats. They are also commonly known as cougars and mountain lions, and are able to reach larger sizes than"
"leopards. In 2010, Rabinowitz and his work were featured on 60 minutes. Rabinowitz was diagnosed with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in 2001. He died on August 5, 2018 from the progression of his cancer. Conservation magazine ""Conjour"" said he left behind a ""legacy of inspirational big cat conservation"". Alan Rabinowitz Alan Robert Rabinowitz (December 31, 1953 – August 5, 2018) was an American zoologist who served as the President, CEO, and chief scientist at Panthera Corporation, a nonprofit conservation organization devoted to protecting the world's 40 wild cat species. Called the ""Indiana Jones of Wildlife Protection"" by ""Time"", he studied jaguars,"
"to roar. ""Panthera"" probably evolved in Asia, but the roots of the genus remain unclear. Genetic studies indicate that pantherine cats diverged from the subfamily Felinae between six and ten million years ago. Fossil records that appear to belong within the genus ""Panthera"" reach only 2.0 to 3.8 million years back. The snow leopard was initially seen at the base of ""Panthera"", but newer molecular studies suggest that it is nestled within ""Panthera"" and is a sister species of the tiger. Many place the snow leopard within the genus ""Panthera"", but there is currently no consensus as to whether the"
"the inconclusiveness of the only known fossil. Other carnivorans during the Pleistocene that, based on their large size, were possibly occasional predators of early brown bears (at least females and cubs) were primarily big cats, including the cave lion (""Panthera spelaea"") and the saber-toothed ""Machairodus"" in Eurasia and, perhaps rarely in southern Beringia, the American lion (""Panthera leo atrox"") and the saber-toothed ""Smilodon"" and, in North America, ""Homotherium"". Interactions with these large cats were probably not highly disparate from those that continue today between brown bears and the Siberian tiger. Unlike most of these species, the brown bear was able"
"named the cat ""Felis uncia"" and gave its type locality as Barbary, Persia, East India, and China. In 1854, the British zoologist John Edward Gray proposed the genus ""Uncia"", to which he subordinated the snow leopard under the name ""Uncia irbis"". British zoologist Reginald Innes Pocock corroborated this classification, but attributed the scientific name ""Uncia uncia"". He also described morphological differences between snow leopards and the then-accepted ""Panthera"" species. Following Schreber's description of the species, several snow leopard subspecies were proposed: Until spring 2017, there was no evidence available for recognition of subspecies. Results of a phylogeographic study published in"