"in protein, vitamins and minerals. In other countries, it is used as a thickening agent in various manufactured foods. ""Tapioca"" is derived from the word ""tipi'óka"", its name in the Tupí language spoken by natives when the Portuguese first arrived in the Northeast Region of Brazil around 1707. This Tupí word refers to the process by which the cassava starch is made edible. The cassava plant has either red or green branches with blue spindles on them. The root of the green-branched variant requires treatment to remove linamarin, a cyanogenic glycoside occurring naturally in the plant, which otherwise may be"
"male"", ""capisce"", ""mezzo"", ""va bene"", ""ecco"", ""ecco fatto"", ""ecco qui"", ""caspita"", ""schifoso"", ""gelateria"", ""cavolo"", ""incavolarsi"", ""pivete"", ""engambelar"", ""andiamo via"", ""tiramisu"", ""tarantella"", ""grappa"", ""stratoria"". Terms of endearment of Italian origin include ""amore"", ""bambino/a"", ""ragazzo/a"", ""caro/a mio/a"", ""tesoro"", and ""bello/a""; also ""babo"", ""mamma"", ""baderna"" (from ""Marietta Baderna""), ""carcamano"", ""torcicolo"", ""casanova"", ""noccia"", ""noja"", ""che me ne frega"", ""io ti voglio tanto bene"", and ""ti voglio bene assai"". Fewer words have been borrowed from Japanese. The latter borrowings are also mostly related to food and drink or culture-bound concepts, such as ""quimono"", from Japanese kimono, ""karaokê"", ""yakisoba"", ""temakeria"", ""sushi bar"", ""mangá"", ""biombo"" (from Portugal)"
"the English term ""marmalade"" are still used as a generic term for preserves of all fruits, whereas in Britain it refers solely to a citrus preserve. The name originates in Portuguese, where ' applies exclusively to quince jam. In Spanish the term usually refers to what in English is called jam, and ' — used in Mexico and Central America — is similar to the American English jelly. Under the Food and Drug Regulations (C.R.C., c. 870), marmalade strictly requires sweetening ingredient that must be at least 65% water soluble solids. Marmalade can also contain some acid chemical that can"
"instance ""flotilla"" and ""guerrilla""; or related to science and culture, whether created in Arabic, originated in Amerindian civilizations (Cariban: ""cannibal"", ""hurricane""; Mescalero: ""apache""; Nahuatl: ""tomato"", ""coyote"", ""chocolate""; Quechua: ""potato""; Taíno: ""tobacco""), or Iberian Romance languages (""aficionado"", ""albino"", ""alligator"", ""cargo"", ""cigar"", ""embargo"", ""guitar"", ""jade"", ""mesa"", ""paella"", ""platinum"", ""plaza"", ""renegade"", ""rodeo"", ""salsa"", ""savvy"", ""sierra"", ""siesta"", ""tilde"", ""tornado"", ""vanilla"" etc.). Words relating to some music, piano, ""fortissimo"". Or Italian culture, such as ""piazza"", ""pizza"", ""gondola"", ""balcony"", ""fascism"". The English word ""umbrella"" comes from Italian ""ombrello"". Words relating to culture, originating from the colonial era. Many of these words are of Persian origin rather"
"thought that Old French borrowed the Italian ""melarancio"" (""fruit of the orange tree"", with ""mela"" ""fruit"") as ""pume orenge"" (with ""pume"" ""fruit""). Although ""pume orenge"" is attested earlier than ""melarancio"" in available written sources, lexicographers believe that the Italian word is actually older. The word ultimately derives from a Dravidian language — possibly Tamil நாரம் ""nāram"" or Telugu నారింజ ""nāriṃja"" or Malayalam നാരങ്ങ‌ ""nāraŋŋa"" — via Sanskrit नारङ्ग ""nāraṅgaḥ"" ""orange tree"". From there the word entered Persian ""nārang"" and then Arabic ""nāranj"". The initial ""n"" was lost through rebracketing in Italian and French, though some varieties of Arabic lost the"
"difficult to give an exact formula, so scales have been established defining the proportion of each ingredient, giving rise to an excellent quality traditional product. The name comes from the Catalan word ""saïm"", which means 'pork lard' (from the Arabic ""shahim"", meaning 'fat'). In Mallorca and Ibiza there is a sweet called greixonera made with ensaïmada pieces left over from the day before. Among the variants of ensaimada the most common are: The Philippines also adopted the Majorcan ensaïmada (commonly spelled ""ensaymada"" in Philippine languages). As a Spanish colony for over 300 years, the Philippine variant has evolved over the"
"(""pampelmuse""), Latvian (""pampelmūze""), Ido (""pompelmuso""), whereas some other languages use ""pomelo"" (Turkish, Norwegian, Polish, Bulgarian).In Southeast Asia, it is commonly known as limau besar, limau betawi, or limau serdadu in Malay; jeruk bali in Bahasa Indonesia; ส้มโอ [som o:] in Thai; lukban in Tagalog; and bu’o’i in Vietnamese. Another origin theory proposes that ""pomelo"" is an alteration of a compound of English names ""pomme"" (""apple"") + ""melon"".<ref name=""OED2008/06"">“pomelo, ""n.""” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [Draft revision; June 2008]</ref> The fruit is also known as jabong in Hawaii and jambola in varieties of English spoken in South Asia. Typically, the"
"may be filled or topped with either ""doces"" (sweet) or ""salgados"" (salty) ingredients, which define the kind of meal the tapioca is used for: breakfast, afternoon tea or dessert. Choices range from butter, cheese, chocolate, bananas with condensed milk, chocolate with bananas, to various forms of meats. In Brazil, a crunchy meal called ""farinha de mandioca"" (, ""manioc flour"") of varying coarseness is produced for use as a condiment, a base for ""farofa"", or a stand-alone side dish. Detoxified manioc roots are ground to a pulp called a ""massa"" and squeezed with a device called a ""tipiti"" to dry it"
"and tapioca pearls. It is often sold in neighborhoods by street vendors who yell out """"taho"""" in a manner like that of vendors in the stands at sporting events yelling out ""hotdogs"" or ""peanuts"". Sometimes, ""taho"" is served chilled, and flavors have recently been added, such as chocolate or strawberry. ""Taho"" is derived from the original Chinese snack food known as ""douhua"". There is also ""iskrambol"" (from the English ""to scramble""), a kind of iced-based treat similar to a sorbet. The shaved ice is combined with various flavorings and usually topped with chocolate syrup. It is eaten by ""scrambling"" the"
"is made. It may be used for teeth cleaning, a provision cooked with meats or fish, and in desserts such as cassava pone. Specifically in rural Cuba early in Spanish rule, tapioca's popularity grew due to the ability of the natives to cultivate the crop and the ease of transport to nearby Spanish settlements, eventually impacting the way land and people were divided in that early imperial era. In various Asian countries, tapioca pearls are widely used and are known as ""sagudana"", ""sabudana"" or ""shabudana"" (pearl sago) or ""sabba akki"" in Kannada). The pearls are used to make snacks. Tapioca"
"and ""pipoca"" ""popcorn"" from Tupi and ""tucano"" ""toucan"" from Guarani ""tucan"". Finally, it has received a steady influx of loanwords from other European languages, especially French and English. These are by far the most important languages when referring to loanwords. There are many examples such as: ""colchete""/""crochê"" ""bracket""/""crochet"", ""paletó"" ""jacket"", ""batom"" ""lipstick"", and ""filé""/""filete"" ""steak""/""slice"", ""rua"" ""street"" respectively, from French ""crochet"", ""paletot"", ""bâton"", ""filet"", ""rue""; and ""bife"" ""steak"", ""futebol"", ""revólver"", ""stock""/""estoque"", ""folclore"", from English ""beef"", ""football"", ""revolver"", ""stock"", ""folklore"". Examples from other European languages: ""macarrão"" ""pasta"", ""piloto"" ""pilot"", ""carroça"" ""carriage"", and ""barraca"" ""barrack"", from Italian ""maccherone"", ""pilota"", ""carrozza"", and ""baracca"";"
"constructed with wooden poles, woven straw, and palm leaves. The Taino spoke an Arawakan language and did not have writing. Some of the words used by them, such as ""barbacoa"" (""barbecue""), ""hamaca"" (""hammock""), ""kanoa"" (""canoe""), ""tabaco"" (""tobacco""), ""yuca"", ""batata"" (""sweet potato""), and ""juracán"" (""hurricane""), have been incorporated into Spanish and English. Christopher Columbus is believed to be the first European to reach Jamaica. He landed on the island on 5 May 1494, during his second voyage to the Americas. Columbus returned to Jamaica during his fourth voyage to the Americas. He had been sailing around the Caribbean nearly a year"
"Crème caramel Crème caramel (), flan, or caramel dessert is a custard dessert with a layer of clear caramel sauce, as opposed to crème brûlée which is custard with an added hard clear caramel layer on top. Crème caramel used to be ubiquitous in European restaurants; food historian Alan Davidson remarks: Both ""crème caramel"" (French 'caramel cream') and ""flan"" are French names, but ""flan"" has come to have different meanings in different regions. In Spanish-speaking countries and in The United States of America, ""flan"" refers to crème caramel. This was originally a Spanish usage, but the dish is now best"
"it is known as quince paste. The recipe is probably of ancient origin; the Roman cookbook of Apicius, a collection of Roman cookery recipes compiled in the late 4th or early 5th century AD gives recipes for stewing quince with honey. Historically, marmalade was made from quinces. The English word ""marmalade"" comes from the Portuguese word ""marmelada"", meaning ""quince preparation"" (and used to describe quince cheese or quince jam; """"marmelo"""" = ""quince""). Nowadays (in English) ""A marmalade is a jellied fruit product which holds suspended within it all or part of the fruit pulp and the sliced peel. It is"
"of a few drops of liquid is enough to transform a dry ""casabe"" into soft smooth bread. Tapioca pearls, also known as ""boba"" in some cultures, are produced by passing the moist starch through a sieve under pressure. Pearl tapioca is a common ingredient in South, East and Southeast Asian desserts such as falooda, kolak, sago soup, and in sweet drinks such as bubble tea, fruit slush and taho, where they provide a chewy contrast to the sweetness and smooth texture of the drink. Small pearls are preferred for use in puddings. In Brazil, the pearls are cooked with wine"
"the colonial period. Most of these lexical borrowings come from English and Italian and are used to describe new objects or modern concepts (e.g. ""telefishen-ka"", ""television""; ""raadia-ha"", ""radio""). There are as well 300 directly Romance loans, such as ""garawati"" for ""tie"" (from the Italian """"). Indeed the most used loanwords from the Italian are ""ciao"" as a friendly salute, ""dimuqraadi"" from Italian ""democratico"" (democratic), ""mikroskoob"" from ""microscopio (microscope), ""Jalaato"" from ""gelato"" (ice cream), ""baasto"" from ""pasta"" (pasta), ""bataate"" from ""patate"" (potato), ""bistoolad"" from ""pistol"" (pistol), ""fiyoore"" from ""fiore"" (flower) and ""injinyeer"" from ""ingegnere"" (engineer). Somalis call their calendar months as"
"name given by Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus in 1753 is ""Theobroma cacao"", is one of the 22 ""Theobroma"" species. ""Theobroma"" means “food for the Gods"", from the Greek words ""theo"" (god) and ""broma"" (food). This species is utilized as raw materials for pharmaceutical products and cosmetics, however, cacao is primarily used for the production of chocolate and cocoa by processing the beans. In the Filipino language, chocolate is translated as ""tsokolate"", which is also a hot chocolate drink made from ""tablea"". ""Tablea"" are cacao tablets made from roasted and ground cacao nibs molded into rounds or tablets traditionally used in"
"such as ""barbacoa"" (""barbecue""), ""hamaca"" (""hammock""), ""kanoa"" (""canoe""), ""tabaco"" (""tobacco""), ""yuca"", ""batata"" (""sweet potato""), and ""juracán"" (""hurricane""), have been incorporated into Spanish and English. Christopher Columbus set sail on his second voyage to the Americas on September 24, 1493. On November 3, 1493, he landed on an island that he named Dominica. On November 22, he landed on Hispaniola and spent some time exploring the interior of the island for gold. He left Hispaniola on April 24, 1494, and arrived at the island of Juana (Cuba) on April 30 and Jamaica on May 5. He explored the south coast of"
"Guacamole Guacamole (; informally shortened to ""guac"" in English-speaking territories since the 1980s) is an avocado-based dip, spread, or salad first developed by the Aztecs in what is now Mexico. In addition to its use in modern Mexican cuisine, it has become part of international and American cuisine as a dip, condiment and salad ingredient. The name comes from an Aztec dialect via Nahuatl , which literally translates to ""avocado sauce"", from ""āhuacatl"" (""avocado"") + ""molli"" (""sauce"", literally ""concoction""). In Mexican Spanish, it is pronounced , in American English, it is pronounced , and in British English, . Avocados were"
"Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats or ""tea-cakes"" are produced in different variations around the world, with several countries claiming to have invented them or hailing them as their ""national confection"". Scottish chef Boyd Tunnock invented Tunnock's teacake in 1956 when he developed the idea of using Italian meringue, adding it to a biscuit base, and covering it in milk chocolate. In Denmark the treat was originally made using cream (hence the Danish name """" (cream buns)), but the filling was later made from egg whites to help industrialize production and improve shelf life. Many languages used to refer to"
"poem published in 1837. A folkloric interpretation of the word suggests that it is the fusion of two Spanish words: (""ham"") + (a rice dish). However, the evidence for this idea is thin. Ham is not a featured element of the dish, and Spanish speakers would call a ham paella , not . The Atakapa tribe states the origin of the name. The original word ""Sham, pal ha! Ya!"" means ""Be full, not skinny! Eat Up!"" with a French equivalent of ""Bon appétit!"". Spanish influence resulted in the current spelling of the name. Similar dishes: Jambalaya Jambalaya ( , )"
"suggested that ""carambola"", in turn, was derived from a yellow-to-orange, tropical Asian fruit also known in Portuguese as a ""carambola"" (which was a corruption of the original name of the fruit, ""karambal"" in the Marathi language of India), also known as star fruit. But this may simply be folk etymology, as the fruit bears no resemblance to a billiard ball, and there is no direct evidence for such a derivation. In modern French, the word """" means 'successive collision', currently used mainly in reference to or shots in billiards, and to multiple-vehicle car crashes. Cloth has been used to cover"
"numbers, German immigrants dominated New Orleans city bakeries, including those making traditional French bread. They introduced having buttered French bread as a side to eating gumbo, as well as a side of German-style potato salad. Jambalaya is the second of the famous Louisiana Creole dishes. It developed in the European communities of New Orleans. It combined ham with sausage, rice and tomato as a variation of the Spanish dish ""paella,"" and was based on locally available ingredients. The name for jambalaya comes from the Occitan language spoken in southern France, where it means ""mash-up."" The term also refers to a"
"for marmalade, particularly in sandwiches, and kept it in his briefcase wherever he went.. Paddington Bear is now used on the label of the smaller peel (""shred"") and clearer/milder Robertson's 'Golden Shred' marmalade.The previous icon - the famous and historical Robertson's ""Golliwog"" image on the label being now considered racially offensive - supplanted. The 2014 movie Paddington led to a slight increase in marmalade sales in the UK. Marmalade Marmalade generally refers to a fruit preserve made from the juice and peel of citrus fruits boiled with sugar and water. It can be produced from kumquats, lemons, limes, grapefruits, mandarins,"
"Caramac Caramac is the brand name for a caramel-flavoured bar that was created by Mackintosh's, and is now manufactured by Nestlé. It was first introduced in the United Kingdom in 1959. The name is derived from the syllabic abbreviation of ""Caramel""milk and chocolate'. A similar confection is used in the covering of McVitie's Gold biscuit bar. A limited edition Caramac Kit Kat bar was released in the United Kingdom in 2005 and due to popular demand it was brought back in 2007. In 2015 a buttons version was launched. The name of the product was determined in a competition. The"
"the same time. ""Barquillos"" use sweet thin crunchy wafers rolled into tubes that can be sold hollow or filled with ""polvoron"" (sweetened and toasted flour mixed with ground nuts). Meringues are also present in the Philippines, due to the Spanish influence, but they are called ""merengue"" – with all the vowels pronounced. ""Leche flan"" is a type of caramel custard made with eggs and milk similar to the French creme caramel. ""Leche flan"" (the local term for the original Spanish ""flan de leche"", literally ""milk flan"") is a heavier version of the Spanish flan made with condensed milk and more"
"of the USDA - Agricultural Research Service (ARS) - National Plant Germplasm System NGRL. Momordica charantia Momordica charantia (colloquial: bitter melon; bitter apple; bitter gourd; bitter squash; balsam-pear) is a tropical and subtropical vine of the family Cucurbitaceae, widely grown in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean for its edible fruit. Its many varieties differ substantially in the shape and bitterness of the fruit. Bitter melon originated in India and was introduced into China in the 14th century. It is widely used in East Asian, South Asian, and Southeast Asian cuisine. Bitter melon also has names in other languages which have"
"""framboise"" 'raspberry', from OF ""frambeise"", from OLF ""*brāmbesi"" 'blackberry' (cf. Dutch ""braambes"", ""braambezie""; akin to German ""Brombeere"", English dial. ""bramberry"") blended with LL ""fraga"" or OF ""fraie"" 'strawberry', which explains the replacement > and in turn the final ""-se"" of ""framboise"" added to OF ""fraie"" to make ""freise"", modern ""fraise"" (≠ Wallon ""frève"", Romanian ""fragă"", Romansh ""fraja"", Italian ""fragola"", ""fravola"" 'strawberry'). Pope (1934) estimated that perhaps still 15% of the vocabulary of modern French derives from Germanic sources (while the proportion was larger in Old French, because the French language borrowed heavily from Latin and Italian). At the third Council"
"Santa = Saint), ""puisi"" (from poesia = poetry), ""keju"" (from queijo = cheese), ""mentega"" (from manteiga = butter), ""serdadu"" (from soldado = soldier), ""meski"" (from mas que = although), ""kamar"" (from câmara = room), ""laguna"" (from laguna = lagoon), ""lelang"" (from leilão = auction), ""persero"" (from parceiro = company), ""markisa"" (from maracujá = passion fruit), ""limau"" (from limão = lemon), ""kartu"" (from cartão = card), ""Inggris"" (from inglês = English), ""Sabtu"" (from sábado = Saturday), ""Minggu"" (from domingo = Sunday), etc. The former colonial power, the Netherlands, left a sizable amount of vocabulary that can be seen in words such"
"known in the United States in a Latin American context. Elsewhere, including in Britain, a flan is a type of tart somewhat like a quiche. The Modern English word ""flan"" comes from French ""flan"", from Old French ""flaon"", in turn from Medieval Latin ""fladonem"", derived from the Old High German ""flado"", a sort of flat cake, probably from an Indo-European root for 'flat' or 'broad'. The North American sense of ""flan"" as ""crème caramel"" was borrowed from Latin American Spanish. Crème caramel is a variant of plain custard (crème) where sugar syrup cooked to caramel stage is poured into the"
"Chamomile Chamomile (American English) or camomile (British English; see spelling differences) ( or ) is the common name for several daisy-like plants of the family Asteraceae. Two of the species are commonly used to make herbal infusions for medicinal uses, although there is no high-quality evidence for health benefits from consuming chamomile tea. The word ""chamomile"" derives, via French and Latin, from Greek χαμαίμηλον (), i.e. ""earth apple"", from χαμαί (""khamai"") ""on the ground"" and μῆλον (""mēlon"") ""apple"". The spelling ""chamomile"" corresponds to the Latin and Greek source. The spelling ""camomile"" is a British derivation from the French. Some commonly"
"species for up to 36 months, thus harvest may be extended until market conditions are favourable or native starch production capacity is available. Tapioca originated in South America, where it was cultivated for 3,000–7,000 years. The Portuguese and the Spanish took tapioca from Mexico to the Philippines in the 17th century. The Dutch introduced it to Indonesia in the 18th century. It is unclear when tapioca was first introduced to Thailand, but one estimate is that it was imported from what is known now as Malaysia in 1786. Cassava was first commercially planted in the south of Thailand, where it"
"it shares some common names. It is also called ""star fruit"" in English (including Jamaican English and Philippine English) and literally translates into ""Stjernefrugt"" in Danish, ""Sternfrucht"" in German, and ""Stjärnfrukt"" in Swedish. In Spanish, it is known as ""carambola"", ""carambolo"", ""tamarindo chino"", ""tamarindo culí"", ""balimbín"" (Philippine Spanish, from Tagalog ""balimbing"", plural is ""balimbines""), and ""fruta china"" (Ecuador). In maritime Southeast Asia, it is known as ""belimbing"" in Indonesian and Malay and ""balimbíng"" or ""saranate"" in Tagalog. Carambola Carambola, or star fruit, is the fruit of ""Averrhoa carambola"", a species of tree native to Indonesia, the Philippines, and throughout Malesia."