"Magellanic penguin The Magellanic penguin (""Spheniscus magellanicus"") is a South American penguin, breeding in coastal Argentina, Chile and the Falkland Islands, with some migrating to Brazil where they are occasionally seen as far north as Rio de Janeiro. It is the most numerous of the ""Spheniscus"" penguins. Its nearest relatives are the African, the Humboldt penguin and the Galápagos penguins. The Magellanic penguin was named after Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, who spotted the birds in 1520. The species is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN. Magellanic penguins are medium-sized penguins which grow to be tall and weigh between ."
"Peculiar Penguins Peculiar Penguins is a ""Silly Symphonies"" animated Disney short film. It was released in 1934. A male penguin named Peter sees a female penguin named Polly, and attempts to woo her. First he offers her an ice cream made of snow and icicle, which she accepts. He then catches her a pufferfish, but when she swallows it, she begins inflating and deflating repeatedly until Peter makes her spit out the fish, which then returns to water. Angry at him for being humiliated, she slaps him and leaves to swim on a piece of ice. A shark spots her"
"been warmed and limits heat loss from the flippers. This system allows penguins to efficiently use their body heat and explains why such small animals can survive in the extreme cold. They can drink salt water because their supraorbital gland filters excess salt from the bloodstream. The salt is excreted in a concentrated fluid from the nasal passages. The great auk of the Northern Hemisphere, now extinct, was superficially similar to penguins, and the word ""penguin"" was originally used for that bird, centuries ago. They are only distantly related to the penguins, but are an example of convergent evolution. Perhaps"
"for an aquatic lifestyle. It may have resembled a flightless loon in body shape, and possibly the great auk in its manner of locomotion. Both DNA sequence analyses and anatomy argue for a close relationship between penguins and loons, with penguins being specialized for wing-propelled diving, and loons for foot-propelled diving. Discovered in the Kokoamu Greensand near the Waipara River, in Canterbury, New Zealand, in 1980, the name ""Waimanu"" comes from Māori for ""waterbird"". One species is known, Waimanu manneringi from the Middle Paleocene about 60 million years ago (mya). A second species, Waimanu tuatahi, was moved to ""Muriwaimanu"" in"
"underwater viewing areas. The exhibit is also accompanied by a variety of education information about penguins. The air temperature in the exhibit is chilled to . The pool has a water temperature of . Lighting is incorporated into the exhibit to replicate the Antarctic months where there is over 20 hours daylight in summer and 6 hours of light during winter. Up to of snow is generated daily for Penguin Encounter. The penguins are fed live fish twice daily. The exhibit was designed by Sculpt Studios. Penguin Encounter was originally home to 12 penguins all of which were moved from"
"and New Zealand, and moved closer to the equator around 10 million years ago. Since ""Icadyptes salasi"" lived in Peru during a period of great warmth, penguins must have adapted to warm climates around 30 million years earlier than previously believed. Icadyptes Icadyptes is an extinct genus of giant penguins from the Late Eocene tropics of South America. The genus name is a combination of """"Ica"""" for the Peruvian region where the type species was found and ""dyptes"" from the Greek word for diver. The species epithet ""salasi"" refers to Rodolfo Salas, a noted Peruvian paleontologist. Standing about tall, the"
"both oxygen- and nutrient-rich. A large number of fish are concentrated in it. Upwelling occurs near the Galapagos islands. This brings food supplies to the surface for Galápagos penguin. Upwelling, however, is a sporadic phenomenon; it fails to occur on a regular basis, and so the food supply comes and goes. The penguins have several adaptations to cope with this, including versatility in their breeding habits. The effect of this current on world climate is not well understood. Cromwell Current The Cromwell Current (also called Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent or just Equatorial Undercurrent) is an eastward-flowing subsurface current that extends the"
"Inkayacu Inkayacu is a genus of extinct penguins. It lived in what is now Peru during the Late Eocene, around 36 million years ago. A nearly complete skeleton was discovered in 2008 and includes fossilized feathers, the first known in penguins. A study of the melanosomes, pigment-containing organelles within the feathers, indicated that they were gray or reddish brown. This differs from modern penguins, which get their dark black-brown feathers from unique melanosomes that are large and ellipsoidal. The genus name derives from the Quechua words ""Inka"" for emperor or king and ""yacu"" for water; ""Water King"". The specific epithet"
"each penguin gets a turn in the center of the heat pack. Calculations of the heat loss and retention ability of marine endotherms suggest that most extant penguins are too small to survive in such cold environments. In 2007, Thomas and Fordyce wrote about the ""heterothermic loophole"" that penguins utilize in order to survive in Antarctica. All extant penguins, even those that live in warmer climates, have a counter-current heat exchanger called the humeral plexus. The flippers of penguins have at least three branches of the axillary artery, which allows cold blood to be heated by blood that has already"
"The children's book ""And Tango Makes Three"" was written based on this event. Chinstrap penguin The chinstrap penguin (""Pygoscelis antarcticus"") is a species of penguin which inhabits a variety of islands and shores in the Southern Pacific and the Antarctic Ocean. Its name derives from the narrow black band under its head which makes it appear as if it were wearing a black helmet, making it one of the most easily identified types of penguin. Other common names are ""ringed penguin"", ""bearded penguin"", and ""stonecracker penguin"" due to its loud, harsh call. Chinstrap penguins have an average body length of"
"have preferred the tropics over colder latitudes. ""Perudyptes devriesi"" is named after the country, and Thomas DeVries, a Vashon Island High School science teacher who has long worked in Peru. ""Icadyptes salasi"" and ""Perudyptes devriesi"" appear to have flourished at warmer latitudes at a time when world temperatures were at their warmest over the past 65 million years. Only a few modern-day penguins, such as the African and Galapagos penguins prefer such a balmy climate. The discovery of the fossils has caused a re-evaluation of penguin evolution and expansion. Previously, scientists believed that penguins evolved near the poles in Antarctica"
"of the study team in five field seasons. Ponganis Icefall Ponganis Icefall () is an icefall, high and wide on the east side of Coulman Island in the Ross Sea. The icefall descends from the Hawkes Heights caldera to the sea at Cape Main. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2005 after Paul J. Ponganis, Center for Marine Biotechnology, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who studied the behavior and census of Emperor penguins at Cape Crozier, Cape Washington, Beaufort Island, Franklin Island and Coulman Island in 13 field seasons, from 1987 to 2004, and for Katherine"
"black and sharply delineated from the white underparts, which are spotted and marked with a black band. The pink gland above their eyes helps them to cope with changing temperatures. When the temperature gets hotter, the body of the African penguin sends more blood to these glands to be cooled by the air surrounding it. This then causes the gland to turn a darker shade of pink. The African penguin is a pursuit diver and feeds primarily on fish and squid. Once extremely numerous, the African penguin is declining rapidly due to a combination of several threats and is classified"
"of the Calgary Zoo. The exhibit includes King penguins, Humboldt penguins, Gentoo penguins, and both Northern and Southern Rockhopper penguins . Penguin Plunge consists of two main areas, an indoor climate-controlled habitat and an outdoor open-air habitat. In summer, the outdoor exhibit holds the warm-weather South American Humboldt penguins which are housed inside during the winter. On winter days when the temperature is between +5 °C and -25 °C without wind above 20 km/h, the king penguins go on scheduled walks for exercise and enrichment. The zoo contains a flock of flamingos next to the enclosure containing both a herd"
"one day, Popper learns that his father has died during an adventure to Antarctica and, as per his will, has left him with a ""souvenir"" from his adventures in Antarctica. The following week, a crate containing a gentoo penguin, named Captain, shows up at his door. Popper gets immediately annoyed with the penguin and locks him in a bathroom before going to work. After Captain accidentally floods his house with bath water, Popper calls his father's organization asking to return the penguin, but, due to a miscommunication, ends up receiving a shipment of 5 more penguins. Popper intends to give"
"Penguin Penguins (order Sphenisciformes, family Spheniscidae) are a group of aquatic, flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with only one species, the Galapagos penguin, found north of the equator. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershaded dark and white plumage, and their wings have evolved into flippers. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sea life which they catch while swimming underwater. They spend roughly half of their lives on land and the other half in the sea. Although almost all penguin species are native to the Southern Hemisphere,"
"""Captain Cook"" after the famous James Cook. Mr. Popper cleans out the icebox so that the penguin can sleep inside. As time goes by, the Poppers find that Captain Cook is growing large, but his health is failing. Mr. Popper writes to the curator of a large aquarium, asking for help. The curator replies that the aquarium has a female penguin, Greta, who unfortunately is also experiencing the same symptoms, and he suggests that perhaps the penguins are simply lonely. Soon after, the Poppers receive their second penguin in the mail. The pair of penguins are revitalized by each other's"
"range of water pHs, but prefers acidic water for breeding. Thayeria boehlkei Thayeria boehlkei is a species of characin fish endemic to the Amazon river basin and Araguaia river, in Peru and Brazil respectively. The species is popular with aquarium hobbyists where it is traded under a variety of common names including blackline penguinfish, blackline thayeria, hockey-stick tetra, penguin fish and penguin tetra. ""Thayeria"" inhabits small streams and the margins of smaller rivers in the lowland Amazon basin, where it is part of the highly diverse Neotropical fish fauna. The species was previously misidentified as ""Thayeria sanctaemariae"" and ""Thayeria obliqua""."
"hunting, the species can remain submerged up to 18 minutes, diving to a depth of . It has several adaptations to facilitate this, including an unusually structured haemoglobin to allow it to function at low oxygen levels, solid bones to reduce barotrauma, and the ability to reduce its metabolism and shut down non-essential organ functions. The only penguin species that breeds during the Antarctic winter, emperor penguins trek over the ice to breeding colonies which may include thousands of individuals. The female lays a single egg, which then is incubated by the male while the female returns to the sea"
"Falkland Current The Falkland Current (also called Malvinas Current or Falklands Current) is a cold water current that flows northward along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia as far north as the mouth of the Río de la Plata. This current results from the movement of water from the West Wind Drift as it rounds Cape Horn. It takes its name from the Falkland Islands (). This cold current mixes with the tropical Brazil Current in the Argentine Sea (see Brazil–Falkland Confluence), giving it its temperate climate. The current is an equatorward flowing current that carries cold and relatively fresh subantarctic"
"African penguin The African penguin (""Spheniscus demersus""), also known as the jackass penguin and black-footed penguin, is a species of penguin, confined to southern African waters. It is also widely known as the ""jackass"" penguin for its loud, donkey-like bray, although several related species of South American penguins produce the same sound. Like all extant penguins it is flightless, with a streamlined body, and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine habitat. Adults weigh on average and are tall. It has distinctive pink patches of skin above the eyes and a black facial mask; the body upperparts are"
"originated in South America, even though the oldest fossils assigned to the taxon are from Antarctica. The oldest ""Spheniscus"" fossils are also the oldest penguin fossils from Antarctica. African, Humboldt, and Magellanic penguins all live in temperate climates. The African penguin lives in South Africa, the Humboldt penguin lives in coastal Peru and Chile while the Magellanic penguin lives in coastal Chile, Argentina, and the Falkland Islands. Humboldt and Magellanic penguins are partially sympatric, since their ranges overlap in southern Chile. The Galápagos penguin is endemic to the Galápagos Islands, making it the most northerly of all penguin species. Banded"
"Chinstrap penguin The chinstrap penguin (""Pygoscelis antarcticus"") is a species of penguin which inhabits a variety of islands and shores in the Southern Pacific and the Antarctic Ocean. Its name derives from the narrow black band under its head which makes it appear as if it were wearing a black helmet, making it one of the most easily identified types of penguin. Other common names are ""ringed penguin"", ""bearded penguin"", and ""stonecracker penguin"" due to its loud, harsh call. Chinstrap penguins have an average body length of and a weight of , but their weight can drop as low as"
"open water where the penguins can feed. However, by the end of winter, the breeding ground is over away from the nearest open water. To reach it, all the penguins of breeding age must traverse this great distance. The penguins practice serial monogamy within each breeding season. The female lays a single egg, and the co-operation of the parents is needed if the chick is to survive. After the female lays the egg, she transfers it to the feet of the waiting male with minimal exposure to the elements, as the intense cold could kill the developing embryo. The male"
"no fixed nest sites that individuals can use to locate their own partner or chick, emperor penguins must rely on vocal calls alone for identification. They use a complex set of calls that are critical to individual recognition between parents, offspring and mates, displaying the widest variation in individual calls of all penguins. Vocalizing emperor penguins use two frequency bands simultaneously. Chicks use a frequency-modulated whistle to beg for food and to contact parents. The emperor penguin breeds in the coldest environment of any bird species; air temperatures may reach , and wind speeds may reach . Water temperature is"
"they are not found only in cold climates, such as Antarctica. In fact, only a few species of penguin live so far south. Several species are found in the temperate zone, and one species, the Galápagos penguin, lives near the equator. The largest living species is the emperor penguin (""Aptenodytes forsteri""): on average, adults are about tall and weigh . The smallest penguin species is the little blue penguin (""Eudyptula minor""), also known as the fairy penguin, which stands around tall and weighs . Among extant penguins, larger penguins inhabit colder regions, while smaller penguins are generally found in temperate"
"Polar bears inhabit the Northern Hemisphere, while all penguin species live in the Southern Hemisphere. Cultural depictions of penguins Penguins are popular around the world for their unusually upright, waddling gait, their cuteness, their magnificent swimming ability and (compared with other birds) their lack of fear toward humans. Their striking black and white plumage is often likened to a white tie suit and generates humorous remarks about the bird being ""well dressed"". Penguins had a resurgence as figures in pop culture in the mid-2000s thanks to films like ""March of the Penguins"", ""Madagascar"", ""Happy Feet"", and ""Surf's Up"". As an"
"Popper is a house painter of modest means, living with his wife and two children (Bill and Janie) in the small town of Stillwater, Minnesota. He has a happy life, but he is also a restless dreamer, spending his time reading of famous explorers in faraway places. One day, the Popper family tunes in to a radio broadcast by an Admiral exploring polar regions. Mr. Popper had previously sent the Admiral fan mail, and the Admiral promises Mr. Popper a surprise. The surprise turns out to be a penguin, which comes in a large box. Mr. Popper names the penguin"
"Adélie penguin in Antarctica. At Trepassey Bay, gentoo and Adélie penguins also breed, as well as Cape petrels, snow petrels, skuas and kelp gulls. Weddell seals often haul out on the beach and leopard seals hunt offshore. Antarctic Sound The Antarctic Sound is a body of water about long and from wide, separating the Joinville Island group from the northeast end of the Antarctic Peninsula. The sound was named by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskjöld for the expedition ship ""Antarctic"" which in 1902, under the command of Carl Anton Larsen, was the first vessel to navigate it. Since"
"the bitter cold that would have otherwise killed him. It was sewn in the shape of a vest, to allow movement when waddling and swimming. The 3 mm-thick neoprene vest was fastened using Velcro. The neoprene material allowed for wet/dry movement and warmth. The colors white, brown, and black were all tested, but each one seemed to draw curiosity from the other penguins. Black was the most discreet option, so that color was chosen for the vest. The vest had holes for Pierre's wings so that he could move them freely. The Velcro fastener ran vertically on the vest, so"
"kilometers of their breeding site. They depend on the cold nutrient-rich currents to bring them food. The temperature on the Galapagos Islands stays between . During El Niño seasons, the penguins put off breeding, because their food becomes less abundant; this makes the chances of raising offspring successfully unfavorable compared to the chances of dying in the attempt. They usually breed when the sea surface temperature is below which results in more food for them. The strong sun is the main problem for the penguins. Their primary means of cooling off is going into the water, but they have other"
"Icadyptes Icadyptes is an extinct genus of giant penguins from the Late Eocene tropics of South America. The genus name is a combination of """"Ica"""" for the Peruvian region where the type species was found and ""dyptes"" from the Greek word for diver. The species epithet ""salasi"" refers to Rodolfo Salas, a noted Peruvian paleontologist. Standing about tall, the penguin was much larger than any of its modern-day cousins, yet ""Icadyptes salasi"" is merely the third largest penguin ever described. It had an exceptionally long spear-like beak resembling that of a heron. The researchers who discovered the penguins believe the"
"Ponganis Icefall Ponganis Icefall () is an icefall, high and wide on the east side of Coulman Island in the Ross Sea. The icefall descends from the Hawkes Heights caldera to the sea at Cape Main. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 2005 after Paul J. Ponganis, Center for Marine Biotechnology, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, who studied the behavior and census of Emperor penguins at Cape Crozier, Cape Washington, Beaufort Island, Franklin Island and Coulman Island in 13 field seasons, from 1987 to 2004, and for Katherine V. Ponganis (Mrs. Paul J. Ponganis), a member"