"the family in 1841. ""Myrmecobius fasciatus"" was included in the first part of John Gould's ""The Mammals of Australia"", issued in 1845, with a plate by H. C. Richter illustrating the species. Numbat The numbat (""Myrmecobius fasciatus""), also known as the banded anteater, marsupial anteater, or walpurti, is an insectivorous marsupial native to Western Australia and recently re-introduced to South Australia. Its diet consists almost exclusively of termites. Once widespread across southern Australia, its range is now restricted to several small colonies, and it is listed as an endangered species. The numbat is an emblem of Western Australia and protected"
"its name implies, the rusty numbat was said to have a more reddish coat than the surviving subspecies. Only a very small number of fossil specimens are known, the oldest dating back to the Pleistocene, and no fossils belonging to other species from the same family have yet been discovered. The following is a phylogenetic tree based on mitochondrial genome sequences: The numbat is a small, colourful creature between long, including the tail, with a finely pointed muzzle and a prominent, bushy tail about the same length as its body. Colour varies considerably, from soft grey to reddish-brown, often with"
"fenced reserves, including some in South Australia (Yookamurra Sanctuary) and New South Wales (Scotia Sanctuary). Today, numbats are found only in areas of eucalypt forest, but they were once more widespread in other types of semiarid woodland, spinifex grassland, and even in terrain dominated by sand dune. Numbats are insectivores and eat an exclusive diet of termites. An adult numbat requires up to 20,000 termites each day. The only marsupial fully active by day, the numbat spends most of its time searching for termites. It digs them up from loose earth with its front claws and captures them with its"
"Project Numbat’s main objectives is to raise funds that go towards conservation projects, and to raise awareness through presentations held by volunteers at schools, community groups and events. Numbats can be successfully reintroduced into areas of their former range if protected from introduced predators. The numbat first became known to Europeans in 1831. It was discovered by an exploration party exploring the Avon Valley under the leadership of Robert Dale. George Fletcher Moore, who was a member of the expedition, recounted the discovery: The first classification of specimens was published by George Robert Waterhouse, describing the species in 1836 and"
"an area of brick red on the upper back, and always with a conspicuous black stripe running from the tip of the muzzle through the eyes to the bases of the small, round-tipped ears. Between four and eleven white stripes cross the animal's hindquarters, which gradually become fainter towards the midback. The underside is cream or light grey, while the tail is covered with long, grey hair flecked with white. Weight varies between . Unlike most other marsupials, the numbat is diurnal, largely because of the constraints of having a specialised diet without having the usual physical equipment for it."
"and vision does appear to be the primary sense used to detect potential predators. Numbats regularly enter a state of torpor, which may last up to fifteen hours a day during the winter months. Numbats were formerly found across southern Australia from Western Australia across as far as northwestern New South Wales. However, their range has decreased significantly since the arrival of Europeans, and the species has survived only in two small patches of land in the Dryandra Woodland and the Perup Nature Reserve, both in Western Australia. In recent years, however, it has been successfully reintroduced into a few"
"with the thick hide of its rump, to prevent a predator being able to access the burrow. Numbats have relatively few vocalisations, but have been reported to hiss, growl, or make a repetitive 'tut' sound when disturbed. Numbats breed in February and March, normally producing one litter a year, although they can produce a second if the first is lost. Gestation lasts 15 days, and results in the birth of four young. Unusually among marsupials, female numbats have no pouch, although the four teats are protected by a patch of crimped, golden hair and by the swelling of the surrounding"
"time in 2005 using of BLASTN, MAFFT, very vigorous genome mappings, and phylogenic analysis. Across the animal kingdom, ""Apis mellifera"", from phylum ""Arthropoda"", and ""Hydra magnipapillata"", from phylum ""Cnidaria"", are respectively the first and second animals with the highest ratio of NUMTs to the total size of the nuclear genome while ""Monodelphis Domestica"", or Gray short-tailed opossum, is the record holder for NUMT frequency among vertebrates. Similar to animals, NUMTs are abundant in the plants and the longest NUMT fragment known so far, a 620-kb partially duplicated insertion of the 367-kb mtDNA of ""Arabidopsis thaliana"", was reported. NUMT insertion into"
"the numbat's digging claws. The numbat synchronises its day with termite activity, which is temperature dependent: in winter, it feeds from midmorning to midafternoon; in summer, it rises earlier, takes shelter during the heat of the day, and feeds again in the late afternoon. At night, the numbat retreats to a nest, which can be in a hollow log or tree, or in a burrow, typically a narrow shaft 1–2 m long which terminates in a spherical chamber lined with soft plant material: grass, leaves, flowers and shredded bark. The numbat is able to block the opening of its nest,"
"funds raised have been used for the conservation of Sumatran orangutan, Sumatran tiger, Sumatran elephant, African painted dog, sun bears, tree kangaroos, Javan gibbons and Australian native species. More than $881,000 has been raised since the program began. Working with the Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth Zoo breeds threatened Western Australian animal species for release into managed areas of habitat in the wild as part of its Native Species Breeding Program. As of 2011, Perth Zoo breeds numbats, western swamp tortoises, dibblers, woylies and threatened Western Australian frog species. The numbat (""Myrmecobius fasciatus"") Western Australia's mammal emblem and one"
"Nesolagus Nesolagus is a genus of rabbits containing three species of striped rabbit: the Annamite striped rabbit, the Sumatran striped rabbit, and the extinct species ""N. sinensis"". Overall there is very little known about the genus as a whole, most information coming from the Sumatran rabbit. Genus ""Nesolagus"" includes three species: Due to the small number of individuals, and because of the rare sightings of this genus, there is not much information available on its behavior. One thing that we do know however, is that the Sumatran rabbit is nocturnal and hides out in burrows which it does not make"
"Most ecosystems with a generous supply of termites have a fairly large creature with powerful forelimbs bearing heavy claws. Numbats are not large, and they have five toes on the fore feet, and four on the hind feet. However, like other mammals that eat termites or ants, the numbat has a degenerate jaw with up to 50 very small, nonfunctional teeth, and although it is able to chew, rarely does so, because of the soft nature of its diet. Uniquely among terrestrial mammals, an additional cheek tooth is located between the premolars and molars; whether this represents a supernumerary molar"
"of only two diurnal marsupials, the numbat is the only Australian mammal to feed exclusively on termites. Despite the establishment of several populations by the Department of Environment and Conservation, it is still classified as endangered by the IUCN. Perth Zoo has been breeding numbats for release into the wild since 1986. The first successful birth was in 1993. By early 2011, 165 numbats had been provided by the zoo for release into protected habitat. The western swamp tortoise (""Pseudemydura umbrina"") is a short-necked freshwater tortoise and Australia's most critically endangered reptile. The western swamp tortoise has only been recorded"
"Pied bat The pied bat (""Niumbaha superba""), or badger bat, is a rare species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is the only species in the genus Niumbaha. While not related in any way, the pied bat partly resembles a bee, with light yellow stripes and blotches on its body, the stripes being primarily on its back, but these are more vector-like and symmetrical and have more angles on each stripe. An interesting thing to note is that the pied bat is a completely unique bat. ""Its cranial characters, its wing characters, its size, the ears – literally"
"is a list of species in subgenus ""Vinckeia"" and their hosts. ""Plasmodium achromaticum"" — the bat (""Achromaticatus vesperuginis"") ""Plasmodium aegyptensis"" — Egyptian grass rat (""Arvicanthis niloticus"") ""Plasmodium anomaluri"" — African flying squirrel (""Anomalurus"" species) ""Plasmodium atheruri"" — African porcupine (""Atherurus africanus""), large vesper mouse (""Calomys callosus"") and ""Meriones unguiculatus"", ""Anopheles stephensi"" ""Plasmodium berghei"" — the thicket rat (""Grammomys surdaster""), ""Anopheles stephensi"" ""Plasmodium booliati"" — Malayan giant flying squirrel ""Plasmodium bouillize"" ""Plasmodium brodeni"" — elephant shrews (""Petrodomus teradactylus"") ""Plasmodium bubalis"" — water buffaloes (""Bubalus bubalis"") ""Plasmodium bucki"" ""Plasmodium caprae"" — domestic goat (""Capra hircus"") ""Plasmodium cephalophi"" — the antelope (""Cephalophus grimmi"")"
"Nomascus Nomascus is the second-most speciose genus of gibbons (family Hylobatidae). Originally, this genus was a subgenus of ""Hylobates"", and all individuals were considered one species, ""Hylobates concolor"". Species within ""Nomascus"" are characterized by 52 chromosomes. Some species are all black, some are light with a distinct black tuft of crown fur, and some have distinct, light-colored cheek patches. ""Nomascus"" is found from southern China (Yunnan) to southern Vietnam, and also on Hainan Island. One species, ""Nomascus nasutus,"" has been deemed ""the most critically endangered ape species in the world"". All species in this genus are endangered or critically endangered."
"Nonsense rat The nonsense rat, Nicobar Archipelago rat, or Miller's Nicobar rat (""Rattus burrus"") is endemic to the Nicobar Islands in India. It is found on Great Nicobar, Little Nicobar, and Trinket islands. On Car Nicobar Island, ""Rattus palmarum"" and ""Rattus anadamanensis"" are found instead of the nonsense rat. The nonsense rat was first described in 1902 by Miller, who placed it in the genus ""Mus"". Today it is classified in the genus ""Rattus"". The origin of the name ""nonsense rat"" is uncertain, as Miller did not provide a common name in his original description, but more recent sources, such"
"have been bred as pets and found in homes throughout the world.*Eurasian water vole (""Arvicola amphibius"") The Amur hedgehog (""Erinaceus amurensis"") hails from Manchuria, China. Bats, the only mammals capable of sustained flight, are the second largest order of mammals after rodents. They are divided broadly into microbats, which use echolocation to navigate and hunt insects, and megabats, which rely on large eyes and keen smell to feed on fruits and nectar. Bats are found in great abundance and variety throughout China and are considered to be auspicious animals, symbolizing good fortune. Bat feces collected from caves are used in"
"tooth or a deciduous tooth retained into adult life is unclear. As a result, although not all individuals have the same dental formula, in general, it follows the unique pattern: Like many ant-eating animals, the numbat has an unusually long, narrow tongue, coated with sticky saliva produced by large submandibular glands. A further adaptation to the diet is the presence of numerous ridges along the soft palate, which apparently help to scrape termites off the tongue so they can be swallowed. The digestive system is relatively simple, and lacks many of the adaptations found in other entomophagous animals, presumably because"
"Trinidad dog-like bat The Trinidad dog-like bat (""Peropteryx trinitatis"") is a species of bat from the family Emballonuridae. It is native to Aruba, French Guinea, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. The bat is considered to be rare everywhere in its geographic range, although this may be untrue, as the Trinidad dog-like bat was previously confused with the lesser dog-like bat. It is an aerial insectivore that roosts in hollow trees, hollow rotten logs on the ground, under overhanging banks, and caves in the Llanos of Venezuela. The Trinidad dog-like bat has two subspecies: ""Peropteryx trinitatis trinitatis"" and ""Peropteryx trinitatis"
"North African ostrich (""Struthio camelus camelus"", LC); ferruginous duck (""Aythya nyroca"", NT); lesser flamingo (""Phoenicopterus minor"", NT); white-backed vulture (""Gyps africanus"", NT); Rueppell's griffon (""Gyps rueppellii"", NT); pallid harrier (""Circus macrourus"", NT); red kite (""Milvus milvus"", NT); Stanley bustard (""Neotis denhami"", NT); Nubian bustard (""Neotis nuba"", NT); corn crake (""Crex crex"", NT); black crowned crane (""Balearica pavonina"", NT); Eurasian curlew (""Numenius arquata"", NT); black-tailed godwit (""Limosa limosa"", NT); great snipe (""Gallinago media"", NT); African skimmer (""Rynchops flavirostris"", NT); European roller (""Coracias garrulus"", NT); red-footed falcon (""Falco vespertinus"", NT); sooty falcon (""Falco concolor"", NT); white-headed vulture (""Trigonoceps occipitalis"", VU); Beaudouin's snake-eagle"
"(""Rattus exulans""), bush rat (""Rattus fuscipes""), yellow-tailed rat (""Rattus xanthurus""), tamarin (""Saguinus oedipus""), cottontail rabbit (""Sylvilagus floridanus""), African buffalo (""Syncerus caffer""), eastern chipmunk (""Tamias striatus""), polar bear (""Ursus maritimus""), sea lion (""Zalophus californianus"") and hainag (also known as dzo or khainag) goshawk (""Accipiter gentilis""), great blue heron (""Ardea herodias""), green backed heron (""Butorides striatus""), great egret (""Casmerodius albus""), little blue heron (""Egretta caerulea""), American white ibis (""Eudocimus albus""), bald eagle (""Haliaeetus leucocephalus""), wild turkey (""Meleagris gallopavo""), northern gannet (""Morus bassanus""), yellow-crowned night heron (""Nyctanassa violacea""), common pheasant (""Phasianus colchicus""), thick-billed parrot (""Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha""), northern spotted owl (""Strix occidentalis caurina""), capercaillies"
"natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. Pied bat The pied bat (""Niumbaha superba""), or badger bat, is a rare species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is the only species in the genus Niumbaha. While not related in any way, the pied bat partly resembles a bee, with light yellow stripes and blotches on its body, the stripes being primarily on its back, but these are more vector-like and symmetrical and have more angles on each stripe. An interesting thing to note is"
"experimental program of fox baiting at Dryandra (one of the two remaining sites), numbat sightings increased by a factor of 40. An intensive research and conservation program since 1980 has succeeded in increasing the numbat population substantially, and reintroductions to fox-free areas have begun. Perth Zoo is very closely involved in breeding this native species in captivity for release into the wild. Despite the encouraging degree of success so far, the numbat remains at considerable risk of extinction and is classified as an endangered species. Since 2006, Project Numbat volunteers have helped to save the Numbat from extinction. One of"
"and Perup. The first record of the species described it as beautiful; its appeal led to its selection as the faunal emblem of the state of Western Australia and initiated efforts to conserve it from extinction. The two small Western Australia populations apparently were able to survive because both areas have many hollow logs that may serve as refuge from predators. Being diurnal, the numbat is much more vulnerable to predation than most other marsupials of a similar size: its natural predators include the little eagle, brown goshawk, collared sparrowhawk and carpet python. When the Western Australia government instituted an"
"Bandicoot Bandicoot are a group of about 20 species of small to large-sized, terrestrial marsupial omnivore in the order Peramelemorphia. They are endemic to the Australia–New Guinea region. The bandicoot is a member of the order Peramelemorphia, and the word ""bandicoot"" is often used informally to refer to any peramelemorph, such as the bilby. The term originally referred to the unrelated Indian bandicoot rat from Telugu language word Pandikokku (పందికొక్కు). Most marsupials, including bandicoots, have a bifurcated penis. The embryos of bandicoots have a chorioallantoic placenta that connects them to the uterine wall, in addition to the choriovitelline placenta that"
"Long-tongued nectar bat The long-tongued nectar bat (""Macroglossus minimus""), also known as the northern blossom bat, honey nectar bat, least blossom-bat, dagger-toothed long-nosed fruit bat, and lesser long-tongued fruit bat, is a species of megabat. ""M. minimus"" is one of the smallest species in the family Pteropodidae, with an average length of 60–85 mm. It has a reddish-brown colouring with relatively long hair compared to the other species. The hair on the abdomen is a lighter colour, and a dark brown stripe runs bilaterally down the top of the head and back. ""M. minimus"" represents about 14% of the total"
"Muskrat The muskrat (""Ondatra zibethicus""), the only species in genus Ondatra and tribe Ondatrini, is a medium-sized semiaquatic rodent native to North America and is an introduced species in parts of Europe, Asia, and South America. The muskrat is found in wetlands over a wide range of climates and habitats. It has important effects on the ecology of wetlands, and is a resource of food and fur for humans. The muskrat is the largest species in the subfamily Arvicolinae, which includes 142 other species of rodents, mostly voles and lemmings. Muskrats are referred to as ""rats"" in a general sense"
"comprise about 20% of all classified mammal species worldwide, with over 1,200 species. These were traditionally divided into two suborders: the largely fruit-eating megabats, and the echolocating microbats. But more recent evidence has supported dividing the order into Yinpterochiroptera and Yangochiroptera, with megabats as members of the former along with several species of microbats. Many bats are insectivores, and most of the rest are frugivores (fruit-eaters). A few species feed on animals other than insects; for example, the vampire bats feed on blood. Most bats are nocturnal, and many roost in caves or other refuges; it is uncertain whether bats"
"phaea"". Trinidad dog-like bat The Trinidad dog-like bat (""Peropteryx trinitatis"") is a species of bat from the family Emballonuridae. It is native to Aruba, French Guinea, Grenada, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. The bat is considered to be rare everywhere in its geographic range, although this may be untrue, as the Trinidad dog-like bat was previously confused with the lesser dog-like bat. It is an aerial insectivore that roosts in hollow trees, hollow rotten logs on the ground, under overhanging banks, and caves in the Llanos of Venezuela. The Trinidad dog-like bat has two subspecies: ""Peropteryx trinitatis trinitatis"" and ""Peropteryx"
"88 species of mammals include snow leopard, Indian leopard, clouded leopard, jungle cat, leopard cat, golden jackal, Himalayan wolf, red fox, red panda, black bear, Hanuman langur, Assam macaque, Himalayan tahr, Himalayan goral, muntjac, musk deer, barking deer, Himalayan serow, wild boar, flying squirrel, otters, spotted linsang, weasel and marmot. In May 2009, zoologists obtained the first camera trap image of an Asian golden cat at an altitude of . Makalu Barun National Park Makalu Barun National Park is a national park in the Himalayas of Nepal that was established in 1992 as eastern extension of Sagarmatha National Park. It"
"been severely damaged by overgrazing. Ethiopian amphibious rat The Ethiopian amphibious rat or Ethiopian water mouse (""Nilopegamys plumbeus"") is an insectivorous and semiaquatic species of rodent in the monotypic genus Nilopegamys of the family Muridae. The single known specimen was found along the Lesser Abay River near its source at an altitude of 2600 m in the highlands of northwestern Ethiopia in 1928. ""N. plumbeus"" is considered to be the most aquatically adapted African murid; its unusually large brain is thought to be one consequence of this lifestyle. The species is considered to be critically endangered and possibly extinct, since"
"termites are easier to digest than ants, having a softer exoskeleton. Numbats are apparently able to gain a considerable amount of water from their diets, since their kidneys lack the usual specialisations for retaining water found in other animals living in their arid environment. Numbats also possess a sternal scent gland, which may be used for marking their territories. Although the numbat finds termite mounds primarily using scent, it has the highest visual acuity of any marsupial, and, unusually for marsupials, has a high proportion of cone cells in the retina. These are both likely adaptations for its diurnal habits,"