"Denis Basilica. Louis, Dauphin of France (son of Louis XV) Louis, Dauphin of France (4 September 1729 – 20 December 1765) was the elder and only son of King Louis XV of France and his wife, Queen Marie Leszczyńska to survive to adulthood. He had a younger brother, Philippe, who died as a toddler. As a son of the king, Louis was a ""fils de France"". As heir apparent, he became Dauphin of France. However, he died before ascending to the throne. Three of his sons became kings of France: Louis XVI (reign: 1774–1792), Louis XVIII (reign: 1814–1815; 1815–1824) and"
"Prince Louis of France as king. However, with John's death, his barons saw his young son as a safer option. John's eldest son became Henry III, and the French were driven away from the country. On Henry III's death, on 16 November 1272, the throne passed to his eldest son, Edward I. On Edward I's death, on 7 July 1307, the throne passed to his eldest son, Edward II. On the day of Edward II's abdication, 25 January 1327, the throne passed to his eldest son, Edward III. The succession to Edward III was governed according to his entail to"
"continental possessions except for the Pale of Calais. The last years of Charles VII were marked by conflicts with his turbulent son, the future Louis XI of France. Born at the ""Hôtel Saint-Pol"", the royal residence in Paris, Charles was given the title of ""comte de Ponthieu"" at his birth in 1403. He was the eleventh child and fifth son of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. His four elder brothers, Charles (1386), Charles (1392–1401), Louis (1397–1415) and John (1398–1417) had each held the title of Dauphin of France (heir to the French throne) in turn. All died"
"France must be Catholic. Yet since religion could be changed, it could not be the basis for permanent exclusion from the throne. Louis XIV, grandson of Henry IV, was the longest-reigning king in European history. Louis XIV had only one son to survive to adulthood, the Dauphin Louis. The Dauphin, in turn, had three sons: Louis, Duke of Burgundy, Philip, Duke of Anjou, and Charles, Duke of Berry. In 1700, Charles II of Spain died. His heir, in accordance to cognatic primogeniture followed in Spain, would have been the Dauphin Louis. However, since the Dauphin was the heir to the"
"Fils de France Fils de France (, ""Son of France"") was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France. A daughter was known as a fille de France (, ""Daughter of France""). The children of the dauphin (a title reserved for the king's heir apparent whether son, grandson or great-grandson of the monarch) were accorded the same style and status as if they were the king's children instead of his grandchildren or great-grandchildren. The king, queen, queen dowager, ""enfants de France"" (children of France) and ""petits-enfants de France"" (grandchildren of France) constituted the"
"made a statement on an Orleanist Web site, ""Institut de la Maison Royale de France"" where he presented his eldest son Francis as ""Dauphin of France"", and his younger son Jean, as ""Regent of the Dauphin"" because of mental disability of the elder: ""The fact that my eldest son, the dauphin, has a disability is not a sufficient reason to deprive him of his rights. Such an arbitrary act would open the door to all sorts of further abuse. That's why my son Jean, Duke of Vendome, bears the burden of his elder brother as Regent of the Dauphin. """
"who held the style of ""Mademoiselle"" at the same time. Fils de France Fils de France (, ""Son of France"") was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France. A daughter was known as a fille de France (, ""Daughter of France""). The children of the dauphin (a title reserved for the king's heir apparent whether son, grandson or great-grandson of the monarch) were accorded the same style and status as if they were the king's children instead of his grandchildren or great-grandchildren. The king, queen, queen dowager, ""enfants de France"" (children of"
"the kings of France are: Capetian dynasty The Capetian dynasty (), also known as the House of France, is a dynasty of Frankish origin, founded by Hugh Capet. It is among the largest and oldest royal houses in Europe and the world, and consists of Hugh Capet's male-line descendants. The senior line ruled in France as the House of Capet from the election of Hugh Capet in 987 until the death of Charles IV in 1328. That line was succeeded by cadet branches, the Houses of Valois and then Bourbon, which ruled until the French Revolution. The dynasty had a"
"the honorific ""Madame"", while sons were referred to by their main peerage title (usually ducal), with the exception of the dauphin. The king's eldest daughter was known as ""Madame Royale"" until she married, whereupon the next eldest ""fille de France"" succeeded to that style. Although the children of monarchs are often referred to in English as ""prince"" or ""princess"", those terms were used as general descriptions for royalty in France but not as titular prefixes or direct forms of address for individuals (with the exception of ""Monsieur le Prince"" for the senior ""prince du sang"") prior to the July Monarchy"
"The French obtained so little of what they had fought for that they adopted the expressions ""Bête comme la paix"" (""Stupid as the peace"") and ""Travailler pour le roi de Prusse"" (""To work for the king of Prussia"", i.e. working for nothing). Between 1727 and 1737, the Queen gave birth to two sons and eight daughters. The first son, born 4 September 1729, became the ""dauphin"" and heir to the throne, though he did not live to rule. The second son, the Duke of Anjou, born in 1730, died in 1733. Only the two oldest children were raised at Versailles;"
"kings of France was interrupted. It was then decided to wait until his pregnant widow, Clementia of Hungary, delivered the child. The king's brother, Philip the Tall, was in charge of the regency of the kingdom against his uncle Charles of Valois. The birth of a male child was expected to give France its king. The problem of succession returned when John died five days after birth. Philip ascended the throne at the expense of John's four-year-old half-sister, Joan, daughter of Louis X and Margaret of Burgundy. Various legends circulated about this royal child. First, it was claimed that his"
"Francis, Duke of Anjou Francis, Duke of Anjou and Alençon (""Hercule François""; 18 March 1555 – 10 June 1584) was the youngest son of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici. An attractive child, he was scarred by smallpox at age eight, and his pitted face and slightly deformed spine did not suit his august birth name of ""Hercule"". He changed his name to Francis in honour of his late brother Francis II of France when he was confirmed. The royal children were raised under the supervision of the governor and governess of the royal children, Claude d'Urfé and"
"the English at the time. King Charles was crowned at the age of 11, since when his four uncles (the dukes of Burgundy, Berry, Anjou and Bourbon) had been entrusted with governing France. The Cardinal of Laon proposed in court that Charles VI relieve the dukes of their duties and assume control of the government on 2 November 1388. The marmousets swore to stay united as friends, interdependent towards one another. Their relationship ended on 5 August 1392 due to the king's decline into insanity. Bureau de la Rivière, Pierre de Villaines and Jean Le Mercier were imprisoned, Jean de"
"and the Orleanists (Armagnacs). The situation was made worse by an alliance among the Duke of Burgundy, John the Fearless, the English, and the French queen, Isabeau of Bavaria, who submitted to the Duke of Burgundy's scheme to deny the crown of France to the children of Charles VI. Fearing the abusive power building behind the Duke of Burgundy, Louis II had Yolande move with her children and future son-in-law, Charles, to Provence in southern France. In the years 1415 and 1417, the two oldest surviving sons of Charles VI of France died in quick succession: first Louis, then Jean."
"they were sometimes accorded the lower rank and/or privileges associated with the ""princes du sang"". All ""enfants de France"" were entitled to the style of Royal Highness (""altesse royale"") from the reign of Louis XIII. However, in practice that formal honorific was less often used than the more traditionally French styles of ""Monsieur, Madame"" or ""Mademoiselle"". The styles of the royal family varied as follows: Under the Valois monarchs, the titles borne by the sons of kings became regularized. Philip VI made his eldest son ""Duke of Normandy"" and his second son ""Duke of Orléans"". Normandy would have become the"
"the King of the French on 9 August 1830. Charles d'Orléans, Duke of Penthièvre Charles d'Orléans (""Charles Ferdinand Louis Philippe Emmanuel""; 1 January 1820 – 25 July 1828) was the eighth child of the Duke and Duchess of Orléans, future Louis Philippe I and la Reine Marie Amélie. He was created Duke of Penthièvre, a title previously held by his great grandfather. Charles d'Orléans was born at the Palais Royal in Paris, the official city residence of the Orléans family since 1692. Inside his family, he was nicknamed ""Pimpin"". He was the fourth of six sons born to the Orléans;"
"""famille du roi"" (royal family). More remote legitimate, male-line descendants of France's kings held the designation and rank of ""princes du sang"" (princes of the blood) or, if legally recognised despite a bar sinister on the escutcheon, they were customarily deemed ""princes légitimés"" (legitimated princes). The dauphin, the heir to the French throne, was the most senior of the ""fils de France"" and was usually addressed as ""Monsieur le dauphin"". The king's next younger brother, also a ""fils de France"", was known simply as ""Monsieur"", and his wife as ""Madame"". Daughters were referred to by their given name prefaced with"
"is one of the oldest in Europe. Louis, Grand Dauphin Louis of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711) was the eldest son and heir of Louis XIV, King of France, and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain. As the heir apparent to the French throne, he was styled Dauphin. He became known as Le Grand Dauphin after the birth of his own son, ""Le Petit Dauphin"". As he died before his father, he never became king. His grandson became Louis XV of France. Louis was born on 1 November 1661 at the Château de Fontainebleau, the eldest son"
"Louis of France (1264–1276) Louis of France (1264 – Château de Vincennes, before May 1276), was an heir apparent to the French throne. He was the eldest son of King Philip III of France and his first wife, Isabella of Aragon (1247-1271). He was the heir apparent to the French throne from August 25, 1270 (at the death of his grandfather Louis IX of France), until his own premature death, at the age of around 12. He had three younger brothers: Philip IV the Fair, Robert and Charles. His mother died in Calabria following a riding accident during her pregnancy"
"(1830–1848). Collectively, the legitimate children of the kings and dauphins were known as ""enfants de France"" (""children of France""), while examples abound in reputable works of ""fils de France"" and ""fille de France"" being converted into other languages as ""Prince/Princess of France"" (however the same works, as cited, leave the Spanish equivalent, ""Infante/Infanta de España)"", untranslated. The illegitimate children of French kings, dauphins, and ""princes du sang"" were not entitled to any rights or styles ""per se"", but often they were legitimised by their fathers. Even then, however, they were never elevated to the rank of ""fils de France"", although"
"the longest in European history. The reign of Louis XIV was so long that he outlived both his son and eldest grandson. He was succeeded by his great-grandson Louis XV. Louis XV was born on 15 February 1710 and was thus aged only five at his ascension, the third Louis in a row to become king of France before the age of thirteen (Louis XIII became king at 9, Louis XIV at almost 5 and himself at 5). Initially, the regency was held by Philip, Duke of Orléans, Louis XIV's nephew, as nearest adult male to the throne. This ""Regence"""
"king of France as ""Jean III"". The title was disputed by members of the Spanish Anjou branch of the family, descended from Louis XIV of France. He died in Larache, Morocco, in 1940. He was succeeded as claimant to the French throne by his only son, Henri d' Orléans, Count of Paris. In 1899, he married his first cousin, Isabelle d'Orléans (1878–1961). She was the younger sister of Philip VIII, and the daughter of Philip VII and Marie Isabelle d'Orléans. They had four children: Prince Jean, Duke of Guise Prince Jean of Orléans, Duke of Guise (Jean Pierre Clément Marie;"
"Prince d'Orléans Prince d'Orléans (""Prince of Orleans"" in English) is a title generally used by junior members of the Royal House of France instead of or in addition to the traditional Petit-fils de France. The current French royal family are descended in the male line from Philippe I, Duke of Orléans the younger son of Louis XIII of France. Accordingly, they are often called the House of Bourbon-Orléans. Since the title ""Petit-fils de France"" meaning ""Grandson of France"" is not understood by non-French speakers (or even by French speakers unfamiliar with their history) it can cause confusion in the modern"
"seven children together: François Louis, Prince of Conti François Louis de Bourbon, le Grand Conti (30 April 1664 – 9 February 1709), was Prince de Conti, succeeding his brother, Louis Armand de Bourbon, in 1685. Until this date, he used the title of Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon. He was son of Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti and Anne Marie Martinozzi, daughter of Girolamo Martinozzi and niece of Cardinal Mazarin, through her mother. He was proclaimed as the King of Poland in 1697. He is the most famous member of the Conti family, a cadet branch of the Princes of"
"when he was crowned King of France. Although Charles was entitled to rule personally from the age of 14, the dukes maintained their grip on power until Charles terminated the regency at the age of 21. During his minority, France was ruled by Charles' uncles, as regents. The regents were Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, Louis I, Duke of Anjou, and John, Duke of Berry - all brothers of Charles V - along with Louis II, Duke of Bourbon, Charles VI's maternal uncle. Philip took the dominant role during the regency. Louis of Anjou was fighting for his claim"
"Louis Joseph, Dauphin of France Louis Joseph de France (Louis Joseph Xavier François; 22 October 1781 – 4 June 1789) was the second child and elder son of King Louis XVI of France and Marie Antoinette. As son of a king of France, he was a ""fils de France"" (""Son of France""), and as the eldest son and heir apparent, he was Dauphin of France, (the twenty-sixth ""crown prince"" of the Valois and Bourbon monarchies). Louis Joseph died at age seven of tuberculosis and was succeeded as ""Dauphin de France"" by his four-year-old brother Louis-Charles. Louis Joseph Xavier François de"
"customary in the royal house of France to name the children only at the time of their baptism. His youngest brother, Gaston de France, titled at birth as Duke of Anjou as was customary for the third son, was born in 1608. At a very young age, he had been engaged to Marie de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier, heiress of the House of Bourbon-Montpensier. Marie was the greatest heiress of the age and was the future mother of ""la Grande Mademoiselle"". The Duke of Orléans died at the age of four as a result of an epileptic attack. The title"
"older brother were dressed as chevaliers, in which Henry wore Diane's colors. Extremely confident, mature and intelligent, Diane left Catherine powerless to intervene. She did, however, insist that Henry sleep with Catherine in order to produce heirs to the throne. When his elder brother Francis, the Dauphin and Duke of Brittany, died in 1536 after a game of tennis, Henry became heir apparent to the throne. He succeeded his father on his 28th birthday and was crowned King of France on 25 July 1547 at Reims Cathedral. Henry's reign was marked by wars with Austria and the persecution of Protestants,"
"in 1984 and his father's one in 1989, he respectively became, under the same pretension, ""Duke of Bourbon"" and ""Duke of Anjou"". He is the current legitimist pretender to the title of King of France as ""Louis XX"". As pretender, he has not, so far, re-created the title, conferring on his twin sons, the titles of ""Dauphin of France, Duke of Burgundy"" and ""Duke of Berry"" respectively. Duke of Touraine Duke of Touraine was a title in the Peerage of France, relating to Touraine. It was first created in 1360 for Philip, youngest son of King John II of France."
"he recognised non-dynastic titles for their wives and children. His decision was later annulled by his son and successor, Henri. Henri, Count of Paris, died of prostate cancer at Cherisy, near Dreux, France, aged 90 on June 19, 1999. Incidentally, his grandson Prince Eudes, Duke of Angoulême married on the very same day. Henri, Count of Paris, and his wife Isabelle had eleven children: Henri's three great-grandfathers (Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans, is a double great-grandfather) were sons of King Louis-Philippe, making Henri a quadruple great-great-grandson of the King, as well as being the grandson of four members of the"
"the direct line upon birth, accession of the parent to the throne or death of the previous Dauphin, unlike the British title ""Prince of Wales"", which has always been in the gift of the monarch. The sons of the King of France hold the style and rank of ""fils de France"" (son of France), while male-line grandsons hold the style and rank of ""petits-enfants de France"" (Grandson of France). The sons and grandsons of the Dauphin ranked higher than their cousins, being treated as the king's children and grandchildren respectively. The sons of the Dauphin, though grandsons of the king,"
"has been termed a ""cold war"" over several decades. Henry expanded his empire, often at Louis' expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse; despite numerous peace conferences and treaties, no lasting agreement was reached. Henry and Eleanor had eight children – three daughters and five sons. Three of his sons would be king, though Henry the Young King was named his father's co-ruler rather than a stand-alone king. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the empire began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In"
"part of the former Burgundian lands as Duchy of Burgundy (""Bourgogne"") was included in the kingdom of West Francia. Shortly before his death in 855, Lothair I divided his kingdom among his three sons in three parts - Lotharingia, Kingdom of Italy and regions of Lower Burgundy and Provence which were left to the youngest son - Charles of Provence. This partition created more conflicts, as older Carolingians who ruled West Francia and East Francia viewed themselves as the true heirs of Middle Francia. As Charles of Provence was too young to rule, the actual power was held by regent,"