"Polish writers and poets achieved international recognition including Stanisław Lem, Czesław Miłosz (Nobel Prize in Literature, 1980), Zbigniew Herbert, Sławomir Mrożek, Wisława Szymborska (Nobel Prize in Literature, 1996), Jerzy Kosiński, Adam Zagajewski, Andrzej Sapkowski, and Olga Tokarczuk. At present, the Polish theatre actor possibly best known outside the country is Andrzej Seweryn, who in the years 1984–1988 was a member of the international group formed by Peter Brook to work on the staging of the Mahabharata, and since 1993 has been linked with the Comédie Française. The most revered actor of the second half of the twentieth century in Poland"
"ironic precision allows the historical and biological context to come to light in fragments of human reality"". She became better known internationally as a result of this. Her work has been translated into English and many European languages, as well as into Arabic, Hebrew, Japanese, Persian and Chinese. Wisława Szymborska was born on 2 July 1923 in Prowent, Poland (now part of Kórnik, Poland), the second daughter of Wincenty Szymborski and Anna (née Rottermund) Szymborska. Her father was at that time the steward of Count Władysław Zamoyski, a Polish patriot and charitable patron. After the death of Count Zamoyski in"
"as well as Anna Walentynowicz, co-founder of the anti-communistic ""Solidarity"" (""Solidarność""). Wisława Szymborska was a Polish poet, recipient of the Nobel Prize in 1996. Women in Poland The character of women in Poland has been shaped by the history of Poland, its culture, and politics. The status of women in the country is one of contradictions. Poland has a long history of feminist activism, and was one of the first nations in Europe to enact women's suffrage. However, Poland is also strongly influenced by conservative social views shaped by the powerful presence of Roman Catholicism in Poland. The history of"
"time. In the 20th century, five Polish novelists and poets were awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature–Henryk Sienkiewicz for ""Quo Vadis"", Władysław Reymont for ""The Peasants"", Isaac Bashevis Singer, Czesław Miłosz and Wisława Szymborska. The history of Polish cinema is as long as history of cinematography itself. Over decades, Poland has produced outstanding directors, film producers, cartoonists and actors that achieved world fame, especially in Hollywood. Moreover, Polish inventors played an important role in the development of world cinematography and modern-day television. Among the most famous directors and producers, who worked in Poland as well as abroad are Roman Polański,"
"Europe"", based on the Greek text of 1 Corinthians 13, is attributed to a character in Kieślowski's """" and plays a dominating role in the story. His music for """" includes a setting of Polish and French versions of a poem by Wisława Szymborska, a Polish Nobel Prize-winning poet. After working with Kieślowski on """", Preisner was hired by the producer Francis Ford Coppola to write the score for ""The Secret Garden"", directed by Polish director Agnieszka Holland. Although Preisner is most closely associated with Kieślowski, he has collaborated with several other directors, winning a César in 1996 for his"
"final poems for publication in the way she would have wanted. Her last poetry was published later in 2012. In 2013, the Wisława Szymborska Award was established in honour of her literary legacy. Szymborska frequently employed literary devices such as ironic precision, paradox, contradiction and understatement, to illuminate philosophical themes and obsessions. Many of her poems feature war and terrorism. She wrote from unusual points of view, such as a cat in the newly empty apartment of its dead owner. Her reputation rests on a relatively small body of work, fewer than 350 poems. When asked why she had published"
"Wisława (album) Wisława is an album by Polish jazz trumpeter and composer Tomasz Stańko's New York Quartet. Dedicated to poet and Nobel Prize-winner Wisława Szymborska, the album was recorded in 2012 and released on the ECM label the following year. The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek awarded the album 4 stars stating ""Throughout this set, Stańko leads this band as he has many others: by example. His democratic sensibilities allow his players to be fully themselves through his compositions, in turn adding depth and heft to them. ""Wisława"" deftly celebrates in a deliberate way, not only the memory of an"
"the Nobel Prize. Famous musicians include Władysław Szpilman and Frédéric Chopin. Though Chopin was born in the village of Żelazowa Wola, about from Warsaw, he moved to the city with his family when he was seven months old. Casimir Pulaski, a Polish general and hero of the American Revolutionary War, was born here in 1745. Tamara de Lempicka was a famous artist born in Warsaw. She was born Maria Górska in Warsaw to wealthy parents and in 1916 married a Polish lawyer Tadeusz Łempicki. Better than anyone else she represented the art deco style in painting and art. Nathan Alterman,"
"the President of Poland. In 1997 he founded Human Mind and Brain Applied Research Center (HMB-ARC) and in 2003 Laboratory & Co (LAB). HMB-ARC adopts cutting-edge scientific discoveries, and creates innovative marketing research instruments. LAB is a research company that integrates neuro and conventional approaches in copy-testing. In 2009 he organized the NEUROCONNECTIONS conference – a global annual meeting to integrate neuromarketing companies and create a platform to exchange ideas and share experience between science and advertising business. Rafał Ohme Rafał Krzysztof Ohme is a professor of psychology, expert in persuasion and unconscious processes. In 1995-1996 he held the Fulbright"
"Ironic precision Ironic precision is a literary style utilized by authors such as Gustave Flaubert and poet Wisława Szymborska, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature. It is a combination of the literary devices of irony and precisionism, an artistic movement prominent in the early to mid-20th century. One of the earliest references to ironic precision can be found in the 1913 novel by Edith Wharton, ""The Custom of the Country"". The most prolific use of ironic precision was highlighted in the Nobel citation for Wisława Szymborska in 1996. She was given the award ""for poetry that with ironic precision"
"country. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the University of Wrocław, previously Breslau University, produced 9 Nobel Prize laureates and is renowned for its high quality of teaching. Wrocław is classified as a Gamma- global city by GaWC. It was placed among the top 100 cities in the world for the quality of life by the consulting company Mercer. The city hosted the Eucharistic Congress in 1997 and the Euro 2012 football championships. In 2016, the city was a European Capital of Culture and the World Book Capital. Also in this year, Wrocław hosted the Theatre Olympics, World Bridge"
"Retro-Circus-Folk Band ""Vladimirska"", Nowa Huta Song and Dance Ensemble, Highland Folk Group Hamernik, Children's Highland Folk Group ""Mali Hamernicy"" and Folk Dance Group ""Krakowiak"". Culture of Kraków Kraków is considered by many to be the cultural capital of Poland. It was named the European Capital of Culture by the European Union for the year 2000. The city has some of the best museums in the country and several famous theaters. It became the residence of two Polish Nobel laureates in literature: Wisława Szymborska and Czesław Miłosz, while a third Nobel laureate, the Yugoslav writer Ivo Andric also lived and studied"
"""Last Tango in Warsaw"" by Polish critics. Polish authorities permitted only a limited release, allowing only two late screenings a day in select theaters. In Poland the film sold about 400,000 tickets. In France, the film had a limited theatrical release and sold 11,150 tickets. Szamanka was also screened during the Venice Film Festival in 1996. Szamanka Szamanka (, ""The Shaman"") is a Polish-French-Swiss film, released in 1996, directed by Andrzej Żuławski and adapted from a screenplay by Manuela Gretkowska. The film, which was controversial upon its release in Poland, is about the obsessive relationship between an anthropology professor and"
"Ban Treaty. A signatory of the Russell–Einstein Manifesto, he was secretary-general of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs from their founding until 1973. He shared, with the Pugwash Conferences, the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize for efforts toward nuclear disarmament. Hilary Koprowski (19162013) was a Polish virologist and immunologist, and the inventor of the world's first effective live polio vaccine. While in the United States, he authored or co-authored over 875 scientific papers and co-edited several scientific journals. Aleksander Wolszczan (born 1946), a Polish astronomer, is the co-discoverer of the first extrasolar planets and pulsar planets. Today Poland has"
"coolant for nuclear reactors) at University of Warsaw with his colleague Jozef Rotblat. Their research was in great demand, as Western scientists began to recognize the potential of harnessing nuclear energy, and both received visas to continue their work in the U.K. and the U.S. Rotblat left for the U.K just before Hitler invaded Poland in 1939 and eventually received the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize for his subsequent opposition to nuclear weapons. Herszaft insisted on visas for his wife and young son, but those came too late. During the war, the family was forced to move into the Warsaw Ghetto,"
"Nobel Prize-winning poet Wisława Szymborska was born in 1923. She was the second daughter of Wincenty and Anna (née Rottermund) Szymborski. Bnin, Kórnik Bnin () is part of the town of Kórnik, south-east of the city of Poznań, in Greater Poland Voivodeship in western Poland, between Lake Kórnickie and Lake Bnińskie. From 1395-1934, Bnin was a town in its own right. It became part of Kórnik in 1961. Near Lake Bnińskie, there are remnants of an ancient fortified settlement. Probably princes of Greater Poland (Wielkopolska) owned it. Later on, the town was the ancestral home of the Bninski family (coat"
"Skłodowska-Curie is the Polish — and later French through naturalization — namesake of the programme and was the first female Nobel prize winner. The only person to win a Nobel Prize for contributions in two different sciences (physics and chemistry), she was also the first — and only woman — to have been awarded a Nobel Price twice. Fellowships are awarded by the European Commission across scientific disciplines within the framework of Horizon 2020. MSCA are grouped into the following schemes: Within the framework of Horizon 2020, which runs from 2014 through 2020, MSCA will award €6.16 billion in funding."
"two Nobel Prize laureates, Wislawa Szymborska and Czeslaw Milosz, nominated Sendler for the Nobel Peace Prize. She was nominated a number of times until her death in May 2008 but never received the prize. However, she received several national and international distinctions for her heroic deeds during the Second World War. After a two-year hiatus from journalism, Kino went to Lebanon to write a report on the Christian minority in Syria, ""Mellan taggtråden"" (Between the Barbed Wire), published in 2013; it was widely cited in the media internationally and gave rise to many debates, among them the U.S. Congress Joint"
"of Sciences, International Union of Radio Science, International Astronomical Union, and Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America. In 1992 Wolszczan won the Prize of the Foundation for Polish Science. In 1996, he was awarded the Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize by the American Astronomical Society, and in 1997 Polish President Aleksander Kwaśniewski presented him with the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta for outstanding contributions to Polish science. In 2002, he appeared on a Polish postage stamp (as part of a series of 16 stamps, titled ""Polish Millennium,"" which summarizes the last 1,000 years of history, culture,"
"when the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff and Robert C. Richardson for their discovery of helium-3 superfluidity. His other major areas of work were superfluid He-3 in rotation, nuclear magnetism and the applications of superconductors. In the early 1980s, Lounasmaa decided to start a new field of study and use his laboratory's experience in magnetometry to study magnetic fields created by brain activity. He and his students played a key role in the development of the theory and technology for magnetoencephalography (MEG), opening new ways to study the brain. He also"
"her colleague, linguist Andrzej Bogusławski, with reviving it in the late 1960s. Wierzbicka was born in 1938, just before the outbreak of World War II. She received her Ph.D. from Institute of Literary Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in 1964 and subsequently her habilitation degree five years later. Since 1973 she has been working at ANU, from 1989 as a professor. 1988 saw her elected fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities. In 1996 she was elected a Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia. Throughout her career she has collaborated closely with Polish researchers, and"
"her a second time, with the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This award was ""in recognition of her services to the advancement of chemistry by the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of this remarkable element."" She was the first person to win or share two Nobel Prizes, and remains alone with Linus Pauling as Nobel laureates in two fields each. A delegation of celebrated Polish men of learning, headed by novelist Henryk Sienkiewicz, encouraged her to return to Poland and continue her research in her"
"the same as in the preceding period. The ""first decade of freedom"" brought mainly state reforms in the financing of cultural institutions and patronage; forcing self-sustainability in an often uncharted territory. Literature, film, visual arts, theater and mass media remained focused on their active participation in public life. Polish literature includes many famous poets and writers concerned with issues pertinent to the present: Jan Kochanowski, Adam Mickiewicz, Bolesław Prus, Juliusz Słowacki, Witold Gombrowicz, Stanisław Lem and Ryszard Kapuściński. Writers Henryk Sienkiewicz, Władysław Reymont, Czesław Miłosz, and Wisława Szymborska have each won the Nobel Prize for Literature. The events that shaped"
"and the need to understand another human being. In 2016, the book was republished, with an introduction by professor Zbigniew Izdebski and a new chapter on contraception. The new edition was released just before the premiere of the biographical film ""The Art of Loving: Story of Michalina Wislocka"" directed by Maria Sadowska, with Magdalena Boczarska in the role of Michalina Wisłocka. Sztuka kochania Sztuka kochania (Polish title; literally ""The Art of Loving"") published in English as A Practical Guide to Marital Bliss) is a popular sex manual written by the pioneering Polish sexologist Michalina Wisłocka, first published in 1978. The"
"role of Prince Mishkin and Nastasja. The film's cinematographer was Pawel Edelman, who subsequently became one of Wajda's great collaborators. In 1996 the director went in a different direction with ""Miss Nobody"", a coming-of-age drama that explored the darker and more spiritual aspects of a relationship between three high-school girls. In 1999 Wajda released the epic film ""Pan Tadeusz"", based on the epic poem of the Polish 19th-century romantic poet Adam Mickiewicz. A year later, at the 2000 Academy Awards, Wajda was presented with an honorary Oscar for his contribution to world cinema; he subsequently donated the award to Kraków's"
"quickly developed in various countries involving hundreds of businesses, giving rise to a new economic theory and praxis. In 1996 Lubich received an Honorary Degree in Social Sciences from the Catholic University of Lublin in Poland. Professor Adam Biela spoke of the ""Copernican revolution in the Social Sciences, brought about by her having given life to a ""paradigm of unity"" which shows the new psychological, social and economic dimensions which today's post-communist society has been waiting for in this new and difficult transitional phase"". In 1996 Lubich was awarded the UNESCO Prize for education to peace, in Paris, motivated by"
"Double"" (1983), ""L'arrache-coeur"" (1992) and ""Madame Curie"" (2011). Her ballets are ""Blow-up"" (1980), ""Waste Land"" (1983), ""La Clef De Verre"" (1986). Elżbieta Sikora Elżbieta Sikora (born 20 October 1943 in Lwów) is a Polish composer who has been resident in France since 1981. She has composed stage, orchestral, chamber, choral, vocal, and electroacoustic works as well as film scores. Sikora studied under Pierre Schaeffer, François Bayle, Tadeusz Baird, Zbigniew Rudzinski. She received numerous honors including First Prize in the GEDOK competition in Mannheim (1981, for Guernica, hommage à Pablo Picasso), the Prix de la Partition Pédagogique and the Prix Stéphane"
"and future double Nobel laureate, did her first scientific work. He also founded the Warsaw Mechanical-Technical School in 1895, together with his faithful friend and collaborator, his brother-in-law (Cтанислав Ротванд, Stanisław Rotwand), an 1860 alumnus of the University of Saint Petersburg law school. Hipolit Wawelberg Hipolit Wawelberg (1843–1901) was a Polish Jewish banker, and one of the most prominent members of the Wawelberg banking family. He was a known Polish patriot and a lifelong philanthropist. In 1869, following the January Uprising, Hipolit Wawelberg moved to St. Petersburg where he launched a new venture, the Wawelberg Bank. Wawelberg made a fortune"
"with a group whose possibilities already seem limitless. With an unmistakable allegiance to the tradition, even as it twists, turns and occasionally collapses its supporting structures and introduces incidental contextual ideas from beyond, Stańko's New York Quartet feels like the group he's been searching for all along"" ""All compositions by Tomasz Stańko except as indicated"" Disc One: Disc Two: Wisława (album) Wisława is an album by Polish jazz trumpeter and composer Tomasz Stańko's New York Quartet. Dedicated to poet and Nobel Prize-winner Wisława Szymborska, the album was recorded in 2012 and released on the ECM label the following year. The"
"Polish physicist, and later Nobel Prize winner (1995), Joseph Rotblat at the University of London and they conducted experiments using thousands of mice to determine the effect of radiation on living organisms. Together they published 40 papers on the subject. Later, Lindop became professor of radiation biology at St Bartholomew's but not before facing opposition to the appointment of a woman to the post. Lindop organised at least 100 ""Pugwash"" conferences with Rotblat, who had worked on the Manhattan Project to develop nuclear weapons during the Second World War but became vehemently opposed to them after seeing their effects on"
"sculptor, and Maria Magdalena and Andrzej Antczak are recognized archaeologists. Andres Gluski is CEO of AES. Ángel Rosenblat was a philologist, essayist and hispanist. Mieczysław Detyniecki is a painter. David Smolansky, politician, Voluntad Popular, mayor of El Hatillo, Miranda State. Franco de Peña, film director. Two Polish Venezuelans have achieved considerable success in the Miss Venezuela. In 1996, Miss Venezuela for Miss World pageant was Ana Cepinska who then get the third place in the Miss World 1996 pageant in India. In 2003 one of the 10 finalists of Miss Venezuela was Francys Sudnicka, who later represented Poland in the"
"Szamanka Szamanka (, ""The Shaman"") is a Polish-French-Swiss film, released in 1996, directed by Andrzej Żuławski and adapted from a screenplay by Manuela Gretkowska. The film, which was controversial upon its release in Poland, is about the obsessive relationship between an anthropology professor and a strange young woman only known as the ""Italian"". The name of the film is the Polish feminine form of the word ""shaman"". In Warsaw, a student only known as the ""Italian"" (Polish: ""Włoszka"", played by Iwona Petry is on the search for an apartment. The Italian, who is beautiful and a free spirit, is originally"
"books at the Department of Polish, University of Warsaw. In the 1990s, he became one of the most popular Polish science-fiction authors. For his novels ""Pieprzony los kataryniarza"" (1995) and ""Walc stulecia"" (1998), as well as his short story ""Śpiąca królewna"" (1996), he was awarded the Zajdel Award, the most prestigious Polish award for science fiction and fantasy literature. He was also awarded Śląkfa for Writer of a Year in 1990 and 1998. A popular theme in his works is the fate of Poland and more broadly, Europe, in the near future (from several to several dozen years). His books"