"Deshret Deshret, from Ancient Egyptian, was the formal name for the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and for the desert Red Land on either side of Kemet (Black Land), the fertile Nile river basin. When combined with the Hedjet (White Crown) of Upper Egypt, it forms the Pschent (Double Crown), in Ancient Egyptian called the ""sekhemti"". The Red Crown in Egyptian language hieroglyphs eventually was used as the vertical letter ""n"" . The original ""n"" hieroglyph from the Predynastic Period, and the Old Kingdom was the sign depicting ripples of water. In mythology, the earth deity Geb, original ruler of"
"and ""km"" was the etymological root of other words, such as Kam or Ham, which refer to Black people in Hebrew tradition. Diop, William Leo Hansberry, Aboubacry Moussa Lam and other supporters of the Black Egyptian hypothesis have argued that the name ""kmt"" or ""Kemet"" was derived from the skin color of the Nile valley people, which Diop ""et al."" claim was black. The claim that the Ancient Egyptians had black skin has become a cornerstone of Afrocentric historiography, but it is rejected by most Egyptologists. Mainstream scholars hold that ""kmt"" means ""the black land"" or ""the black place"", and"
"is of unknown etymology"". Diop, William Leo Hansberry, and Aboubacry Moussa Lam have argued that ""kmt"" was derived from the skin color of the Nile valley people, which Diop claimed was black. The claim that the ancient Egyptians had black skin has become a cornerstone of Afrocentric historiography. Mainstream scholars hold that ""kmt"" means ""the black land"" or ""the black place"", and that this is a reference to the fertile black soil that was washed down from Central Africa by the annual Nile inundation. By contrast the barren desert outside the narrow confines of the Nile watercourse was called ""dšrt"""
"Emet (geographic region) Emet (or Em) is a Kalenjin term for the largest recognized territorial division within the Kalenjin society of pre-colonial Kenya. The word Emet in contemporary Kalenjin as used to denote a country derives from this term. Ehret posits that the Emet territorial division of the Kalenjin is of ancient origin. From linguistic evidence, it seems probable that the Southern Nilotes, organised themselves into clans or at least different clusters of associated clans - what could be called tribes - which coincided with particular territories. These ""tribes"" and the territory they occupied were called *e:m. The traditional Kalenjin"
"Welkait is known for its fertile alluvial soil, which grows cash crops such sesame, cotton and also sorghum. Because this region has long and strong historical ties with Sudan, Tigray, Eritrea and Gonder, it has become a hot spot for all people from all the parts of Ethiopia and neighbouring countries. Until the 1995 administrative reorganization, Welkait was part of Semien and Begemder provinces. Welkait was then split into two parts once ethnic federalism was established in Ethiopia. One of the two parts with an Amhara majority went to the new Amhara Region, the other (which kept the old name)"
"aspect which is lacking in the face of Khafre"". Ancient Egyptians referred to their homeland as ""Kmt"" (conventionally pronounced as ""Kemet""). According to Cheikh Anta Diop, the Egyptians referred to themselves as ""Black"" people or ""kmt"", and ""km"" was the etymological root of other words, such as Kam or Ham, which refer to Black people in Hebrew tradition. A review of David Goldenberg's ""The Curse of Ham: Race and Slavery in Early Judaism, Christianity and Islam"" states that Goldenberg ""argues persuasively that the biblical name Ham bears no relationship at all to the notion of blackness and as of now"
"and agriculture from spreading southwards. Only in quite recent times has agriculture spread to the more humid regions south of the equator, through the spread of cattle, sheep and crops such as millet. Language distributions suggest that this most likely occurred from Sudan into the African Great Lakes region, since the Nilotic languages spoken by these pre-Bantu farmers have their closest relatives in the middle Nile basin. Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, northern Somalia, and the Red Sea coast of Sudan are considered the most likely location of the land known to the Ancient Egyptians as ""Punt"". The old kingdom's first mention"
"that symbolized death. As the Nile was such an important factor in Egyptian life, the ancient calendar was even based on the 3 cycles of the Nile. These seasons, each consisting of four months of thirty days each, were called Akhet, Peret, and Shemu. Akhet, which means inundation, was the time of the year when the Nile flooded, leaving several layers of fertile soil behind, aiding in agricultural growth. Peret was the growing season, and Shemu, the last season, was the harvest season when there were no rains. Owing to their failure to penetrate the sudd wetlands of South Sudan,"
"(conventionally pronounced ""deshret"") or ""the red land"". Raymond Faulkner's ""Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian"" translates ""kmt"" into ""Egyptians"", Gardiner translates it as ""the Black Land, Egypt"". At the UNESCO Symposium in 1974, Sauneron, Obenga, and Diop concluded that KMT and KM meant black. However, Sauneron clarified that the adjective ""Kmtyw"" means ""people of the black land"" rather than ""black people"", and that the Egyptians never used the adjective ""Kmtyw"" to refer to the various black peoples they knew of, they only used it to refer to themselves. Ancient Egyptian tombs and temples contained thousands of paintings, sculptures, and written works,"
"country, Nineveh, Kalaḫ and Arbela, were all on the east bank of the Tigris. The reason was its abundant supply of water, whereas the great plain on the western side had to depend on streams flowing into the Euphrates. Mesopotamia means ""(Land) between two rivers"" in ancient Greek. The oldest known occurrence of the name Mesopotamia dates to the 4th century BCE, when it was used to designate the land east of the Euphrates in north Syria. In modern times it has been more generally applied to all the lands between the Euphrates and the Tigris, thereby incorporating not only"
"""the Egyptian [science]"", borrowing from the Coptic word for ""Egypt"", ""kēme"" (or its equivalent in the Mediaeval Bohairic dialect of Coptic, ""khēme""). This Coptic word derives from Demotic ""kmỉ"", itself from ancient Egyptian ""kmt"". The ancient Egyptian word referred to both the country and the colour ""black"" (Egypt was the ""Black Land"", by contrast with the ""Red Land"", the surrounding desert); so this etymology could also explain the nickname ""Egyptian black arts"". However, according to Mahn, this theory may be an example of folk etymology. Assuming an Egyptian origin, chemistry is defined as follows: Thus, according to Budge and others,"
"as the ""kite"", from the Coptic form of the same name ( or ). In 19th-century sources, the deben and qedet are often mistakenly transliterated as the ""uten"" and ""kat"" respectively, although this was corrected by the 20th century. The former annual flooding of the Nile organized prehistoric and ancient Egypt into three seasons: Akhet (""Flood""), Peret (""Growth""), and Shemu or Shomu (""Low Water"" or ""Harvest""). The Egyptian civil calendar in place by Dynasty V followed regnal eras resetting with the ascension of each new pharaoh. It was based on the solar year and apparently initiated during a heliacal rising"
"by merit rather than birth. The local religion is one of ancestor-worship, worship of Ala the ""earth deity"", and seasonal agricultural festivals. Water is abundant in the Niger delta, and the vegetation luxurious. However, over-farming and poor farming practices are depleting soil nutrients on many farms and plots. Popular surnames include Odungide, Edoho, Udoakagha, Ukpong, Etteh (actually meaning father), Udofia, Ukoetuk, Uku, Abia and Nsien. Just like the remainder of West Africa, the family name normally is an indicator of which specific region one is from. Eket Eket is the second largest city in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. The name"
"Negroland Negroland or Nigritia, was an archaic term in European mapping, describing the inland and, by westerners, poorly explored region in West Africa as an area populated with negro people. This area comprised at least the western part of the region called Sudan (not to be confused with the modern country). The term is probably a direct translation of the Arabic term ""Bilad al-Sudan"" meaning ""Land of the blacks"", corresponding to about the same area. There were various kinds of people in the area, including the Jews of Bilad el-Sudan. Some of the greatest states of those considered part of"
"with Oman, and the Middle East in general. Writings in the Ur-III period describe Meluhha as the 'land of the black mountains'. Almost all scholars suggest that ""Meluhha"" was the Sumerian name for the Indus Valley Civilization. Finnish scholars Asko and Simo Parpola identify ""Meluhha"" (earlier variant ""Me-lah-ha"") from earlier Sumerian documents with Dravidian ""mel akam"" ""high abode"" or ""high country"". Many items of trade such as wood, minerals, and gemstones were indeed extracted from the hilly regions near the Indus settlements. They further claim that ""Meluhha"" is the origin of the Sanskrit ""mleccha"", meaning ""barbarian, foreigner"". Early texts (""c""."
"Paremhat Paremhat (), also known as Phamenoth (, ""Phamenṓth"") and Baramhat (), is the seventh month of the Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between March 10 and April 8 of the Gregorian calendar. Paremhat is also the third month of the Season of ""Proyet"" (Growth and Emergence) in Ancient Egypt, where the Nile floods recede and the crops start to grow throughout the land of Egypt. The Coptic name ""Paremhat"" comes from the ancient Egyptian name ""Month of Amenhotep I"" (), who was deified at the end of his reign BC. The month had formerly been known as Rekeh-Nedjes."
"Paremhat Paremhat (), also known as Phamenoth (, ""Phamenṓth"") and Baramhat (), is the seventh month of the Egyptian and Coptic calendars. It lies between March 10 and April 8 of the Gregorian calendar. Paremhat is also the third month of the Season of ""Proyet"" (Growth and Emergence) in Ancient Egypt, where the Nile floods recede and the crops start to grow throughout the land of Egypt. The Coptic name ""Paremhat"" comes from the ancient Egyptian name ""Month of Amenhotep I"" (), who was deified at the end of his reign BC. The month had formerly been known as Rekeh-Nedjes."
"lakes. These waters also create a flood plain known as the toic that provides grazing when the flood waters retreat to the permanent swamp and sluggish river, the Bahr al Jabal, as the White Nile is called here. The land rising to the south and west of the southern clay plain is referred to as the Ironstone Plateau, a name derived from its laterite soils and increasing elevation. The plateau rises from the west bank of the Nile, sloping gradually upward to the Congo-Nile watershed. The land is well watered, providing rich cultivation, but the streams and rivers that come"
"after which the country is named (and which in turn takes its name from the Kanuri word for ""lake""), is the remains of an immense lake that occupied of the Chad Basin 7,000 years ago. Although in the 21st century it covers only , and its surface area is subject to heavy seasonal fluctuations, the lake is Africa's second largest wetland. The region's tall grasses and extensive marshes make it favourable for birds, reptiles, and large mammals. Chad's major rivers—the Chari, Logone and their tributaries—flow through the southern savannas from the southeast into Lake Chad. Each year a tropical weather"
"Arabia. Land of Punt The Land of Punt (Egyptian: ""pwnt""; alternate Egyptological readings Pwene(t)) was an ancient kingdom. A trading partner of Egypt, it was known for producing and exporting gold, aromatic resins, blackwood, ebony, ivory, and wild animals. The region is known from ancient Egyptian records of trade expeditions to it. It is possible that it corresponds to Opone as later known by the ancient Greeks, while some biblical scholars have identified it with the biblical land of Put. At times Punt is referred to as ""Ta netjer"" (""tꜣ nṯr""), the ""Land of the God"". The exact location of"
"Furthermore, ""If the Egyptians were Negroes, sons of Ham...it is not by chance that this curse on the father of Mesraim, Phut, Kush, and Canaan, fell only on Canaan."" A review of David Goldenberg's ""The Curse of Ham: Race and Slavery in Early Judaism, Christianity and Islam"" states that Goldenberg ""argues persuasively that the biblical name Ham bears no relationship at all to the notion of blackness and as of now is of unknown etymology"". Ancient Egyptians referred to their homeland as ""Kmt"" (conventionally pronounced as ""Kemet""). According to Diop, the Egyptians referred to themselves as ""Black"" people or ""kmt"","
"Wallis Budge, the Arabic word ""al-kīmiyaʾ"" actually means ""the Egyptian [science]"", borrowing from the Coptic word for ""Egypt"", ""kēme"" (or its equivalent in the Mediaeval Bohairic dialect of Coptic, ""khēme""). This Coptic word derives from Demotic ""kmỉ"", itself from ancient Egyptian ""kmt"". The ancient Egyptian word referred to both the country and the colour ""black"" (Egypt was the ""Black Land"", by contrast with the ""Red Land"", the surrounding desert); so this etymology could also explain the nickname ""Egyptian black arts"". However, according to Mahn, this theory may be an example of folk etymology. Assuming an Egyptian origin, chemistry is defined"
"Adiabene, Osroene, and Hatra. Mesopotamia is the site of the earliest developments of the Neolithic Revolution from around 10,000 BC. It has been identified as having ""inspired some of the most important developments in human history including the invention of the wheel, the planting of the first cereal crops and the development of cursive script, mathematics, astronomy and agriculture"". The regional toponym ""Mesopotamia"" (, ""[land] between rivers""; ""bilād ar-rāfidayn""; ; ""miyān rudān""; ""Beth Nahrain"" ""land of rivers"") comes from the ancient Greek root words μέσος (""meso"") ""middle"" and ποταμός (""potamos"") ""river"" and translates to ""(Land) between two/the rivers"". It is"
"medieval early modern state, whence the coffee plant was exported to the Arabian Peninsula. The land of the former kingdom is mountainous with stretches of forest. The land is very fertile, capable of three harvests a year. The term ""coffee"" derives from the Arabic ""qahwah"" () and is traced to Kaffa. The Highlands are divided into northwestern and southeastern portions by the Main Ethiopian Rift, which contains a number of salt lakes. The northwestern portion, which covers the Tigray and Amhara Regions, includes the Semien Mountains, part of which has been designated the Simien Mountains National Park. Its summit, Ras"
"Nkolmetet Nkolmetet is the name of one of the villages of the Beti tribe in the Nyong ang So'o division, in the center province of Cameroon. Nkolmetet is a combined word of two different Beti words ""Nkol"" which means hill and the word ""Metet"" which is a kind of edible plant also called in Beti ""yolyolo"". Because of it bitterness, the plant is commonly called in Cameroon ""Ndole"" of Ewondo and Duala language; also known as ""bitterleaf"" (""Vernonia amygdalina""). Some 25 years ago the late prince Zang Zambo Salomon Dessalo, a wise man of the locality, predicted Nkolmetet will be"
"Land of Punt The Land of Punt (Egyptian: ""pwnt""; alternate Egyptological readings Pwene(t)) was an ancient kingdom. A trading partner of Egypt, it was known for producing and exporting gold, aromatic resins, blackwood, ebony, ivory, and wild animals. The region is known from ancient Egyptian records of trade expeditions to it. It is possible that it corresponds to Opone as later known by the ancient Greeks, while some biblical scholars have identified it with the biblical land of Put. At times Punt is referred to as ""Ta netjer"" (""tꜣ nṯr""), the ""Land of the God"". The exact location of Punt"
"resources were silver and gems. Militarily, Ket had been both the victim of invasion and an aggressor seeking new territory. Much of southern Ket was covered by the Bramblewood, a vast primeval forest that had one main road ""and possibly some secondary tracks"". Ket lay on a high plateau, and two major rivers, the Tuflik and the Fals, originated within Ket before flowing off the plateau to the north and south respectively. Ket's coat of arms in the 1980 edition was blazoned thus: Gules, a scimitar in pale argent, the point to the base. Just prior to being forced out"
"Land of Tema The Land of Tema, te'-ma or tema', ( תֵּמָא, Θαιμάν, تيماء (مدينة) and Thaiman) is a place mentioned in the Bible where the descendants of Ishmael's son Tema dwelt. In Hebrew, the name means ""south country"" and was named for Tema, a son of Ishmael and the tribe descended from him The Bible mentions it five times. It was located in Edom and is described as a remote oasis on a main trade route through Arabia. It is often associated with the Land of Dumah. It was admonished by Amos and Jeremiah. It was mentioned by Ptolemy,"
"includes much greater territory than that of the republic of Yemen. It stretches from the northern 'Asir Region in southwestern Saudi Arabia to Dhofar Governorate in southern Oman. One etymology derives Yemen from ""ymnt"", meaning ""South"", and significantly plays on the notion of the land to the right (𐩺𐩣𐩬). Other sources claim that Yemen is related to ""yamn"" or ""yumn"", meaning ""felicity"" or ""blessed"", as much of the country is fertile. The Romans called it ""Arabia Felix"" (happy Arabia), as opposed to ""Arabia Deserta"" (deserted Arabia). With its long sea border between eastern and western civilizations, Yemen has long existed"
"country like Libya. Camels, goats and sheep are herded in and around the Jebel Akhdar and the herders tend to be nomadic. Documents created during the New Kingdom of Egypt record that to the west there were large populations of metal workers who lived in towns and had plentiful livestock. The only plausible location for these ""Libyans"" is the Jebel Akhdar. The ancient Greek colony of Cyrene was located in a lush valley in the Jebel Akhdar, with the ruins remaining. It was the Greeks who introduced farming to the Jebal Akhdar when they colonised its verdant valleys in around"
"population expansion but emerged from the Ngok. NgokLand is an area on the Sobat river extending from Dome to Baliet and from Akoka to Renk on the eastern side of the White Nile including Melut and Paloc. More lived along the Sobat than along the Nile in Baliet. The civil wars of 1955 and 1983 affected their distribution. NgokLand sinclude Baliet, Dakjur (Adong), Tubuu, Gel Dhiaak, Abwong (""Abɔ̈ŋ""), Gel Achol and to Dome (""Dömë"") up to Abwong Cheng Nyankiir. The land features many broad tree lines and a pastoral grassland within the central area. Many tributaries divide the land. Most"
"geographic division, emet, primarily served as a territorial identity, it had limited military mobilization capacity and played no administrative functions. In contemporary Kalenjin lexicon, the word emet is used to mean country, e.g. emet'ab Kenya where 'ab is of. Emet (geographic region) Emet (or Em) is a Kalenjin term for the largest recognized territorial division within the Kalenjin society of pre-colonial Kenya. The word Emet in contemporary Kalenjin as used to denote a country derives from this term. Ehret posits that the Emet territorial division of the Kalenjin is of ancient origin. From linguistic evidence, it seems probable that the"
"Mmen language Mmem (Bafmeng) is a Grassfields Bantu language of Cameroon. As a Centre Ring language of Narrow Grassfields, a subdivision of Wide Grassfields within the Southern Bantoid languages, Mmen is part of a cluster including six other languages i.e. Babanki, Bum, Kom, Kuk, Kung and Oku (Lewis 2009). The name Mmen ([mɛn]) comes from the verb sé mwɛ̀yn [sémɣɛ̀yn] ‘to open up thick bush-covered land’ and is used by the speakers referring to both their language and their land. It was also used by surrounding people until the German colonizers entered the area and gave it the name Bafumen"