"tidied up a number of shortcomings in the 1825 Act. In response to representations from traders, the stone and the hundredweight were formally defined as being 14 pounds and 112 pounds respectively and the experiment of defining a ""heaped"" measure as outlined in the 1824 Act was abandoned. Not all trades followed the use of the 14 stone—Britten, in 1880 for example, catalogued a number of different values of the stone in various British towns and cities ranging from 4 lb to 26 lb The 1835 Act also restricted the use of Troy measure to precious metals and required that"
"""one stone"". A ""stone"" is an Imperial unit of weight which is equivalent to 6.35 kg. metric weight and 14 lbs. The letters in the full acronym are taken from key words in the questions: One point is assigned for every ""yes""; a score greater than two (≥2) indicates a possible case of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. SCOFF questionnaire The SCOFF questionnaire utilizes an acronym in a simple five question test devised for use by non-professionals to assess the possible presence of an eating disorder. It was devised by Morgan ""et al."" in 1999. The original SCOFF questionnaire was"
"defined in ""Ordinance No. 22 of 1844"" as avoirdupois pounds. The modern definition is exactly 60.478982 kilograms. The measure was and remains used on occasion in Taiwan where it is defined as 60 kg. The last, a measure of rice, was 20 picul, or 1,200 kg. While the character ""石"" (""stone"") is normally pronounced ""shi"" (Cantonese: ""sek6""), as a unit of measure it is pronounced ""dàn"" (Cantonese: ""daam3""). Historically, during the Qin and Han dynasties, the stone was used as a unit of measurement equal to 120 catties. Government officials at the time were paid in grain, counted in stones."
"only the stone continues in customary use for measuring personal body weight. The present stone is 14 pounds (~6.35 kg), but an earlier unit appears to have been 16 pounds (~7.25 kg). The other units were multiples of 2, 8, and 160 times the stone, or 28, 112, and 2240 pounds (~12.7 kg, 50.8 kg, 1016 kg), respectively. The hundredweight was approximately equal to two talents. The ton of 2240 pounds is called the ""long ton"". The ""short ton"" is equal to 2000 pounds (~907 kg). A tonne (t) is equal to 1000 kg. The division of the circle into"
"same as the United States table up to 1 pound, but above that point the tables differ. The imperial system has a hundredweight, defined as eight stone or 112 lb (), whereas a US hundredweight is 100 lb (). In both systems, 20 hundredweights make a ton. In the US, the terms ""long ton"" (, ) and ""short ton"" (; ) are used to distinguish them. The term ""metric ton"" is also used to denote a tonne (, ), which is about 2% less than the long ton. Comparison of the imperial and US customary measurement systems Both the imperial"
"could weigh around and occupy some of space. In the United Kingdom the ton is defined as 2,240 avoirdupois pounds (1,016 kg). This is equivalent to 20 hundredweight, a hundredweight being eight stone, and a stone weighing 14 pounds. From 1965 the UK embarked upon a programme of metrication and gradually introduced metric units, including the tonne (metric ton), defined as 1000 kg (2,204 lb). The UK Weights and Measures Act 1985 explicitly excluded from use for trade many units and terms, including the ton and the term ""metric ton"" for ""tonne"". In the United States and Canada a ton"
"with commodity. For example, the ""Belfast stone"" for measuring flax equaled 16.75 avoirdupois pounds. The most usual value was 14 pounds. Among the oddities related to the use of the stone was the practice in County Clare of a stone of potatoes being 16 lb in the summer and 18 lb in the winter. The 1772 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica defined the stone:STONE also denotes a certain quantity or weight of some commodities. A stone of beef, in London, is the quantity of eight pounds; in Hertfordshire, twelve pounds; in Scotland sixteen pounds. The Weights and Measures Act of"
"said to weigh, e.g., ""11 stone 4"" (11 stones and 4 pounds), rather than ""72 kilograms"" as in many other countries, or ""158 pounds"" (the conventional way of expressing the same weight in the US). The correct plural form of ""stone"" in this context is ""stone"" (as in, ""11 stone"" or ""12 stone 6 pounds""); in other contexts, the correct plural is ""stones"" (as in, ""Please enter your weight in stones and pounds""). In Australia and New Zealand, metrication has almost entirely displaced stones and pounds since the 1970s. In many sports in both Britain and Ireland, such as professional"
"multiples of the Roman pound. Such weights varied in quality: the Yale Medical Library holds 10 and 50-pound examples of polished serpentine, while a 40-pound example at the Eschborn Museum is made of sandstone. The English stone under law varied by commodity and in practice varied according to local standards. The Assize of Weights and Measures, a statute of uncertain date from , describes stones of 5 merchants' pounds used for glass; stones of 8 lb. used for beeswax, sugar, pepper, alum, cumin, almonds, cinnamon, and nutmegs; stones of 12 lb. used for lead; and the of lb. used for"
"The magnitude of these units varied from place to place. The Babylonians and Sumerians had a system in which there were 60 shekels in a mina and 60 minas in a talent. The Roman talent consisted of 100 libra (pound) which were smaller in magnitude than the mina. The troy pound (~373.2 g) used in England and the United States for monetary purposes, like the Roman pound, was divided into 12 ounces, but the Roman uncia (ounce) was smaller. The carat is a unit for measuring gemstones that had its origin in the carob seed, which later was standardized at"
"drinks or petrol. Though use of kilograms is increasing, most British people also still use imperial units in everyday life for body weight (stones and pounds for adults, pounds and ounces for babies). Some government documents aimed at the public give body weight and height not only in metric units (kilograms centimetres) but also in imperial units (stones and pounds, feet and inches). A survey in 2015 found that many people did not know their body weight or height in one system or the other. People under the age of 40 preferred the metric system but people aged 40 and"
"the Imperial Weights and Measures Act of 1824, the avoirdupois pound was defined as grains exactly. The act of 1855 authorised Miller's new standards to replace those lost in the fire that destroyed the Houses of Parliament. The standard was an avoirdupois pound, the grain being defined as of it. The division of the carat into four grains survives in both senses well into the early twentieth century. For pearls and diamonds, weight is quoted in carats, divided into four grains. The carat was eventually set to 205 milligrams (1877), and later 200 milligrams. For touch or fineness of gold,"
"cumin, and alum (""13½ stone, each stone containing 8 pounds"" or 108 Tower lbs.), coarse and woven linen, hemp canvas (a long hundred of 120 ells), and iron or horseshoes and shillings (a short hundred of 100 pieces). Later versions used the Troy or avoirdupois pounds in their reckonings instead and included hundreds of fresh herrings (a short hundred of 100 fish), cinnamon, nutmegs (13 st. of 8 lbs.), and garlic (""15 ropes of 15 heads"" or 225 heads). Hundred (unit) The hundred () was an English unit of measurement used in the production, sale, and taxation of various items"
"Load (unit) The load (, ""cartload""), also known as a fodder, fother, and charrus, was an English unit of weight or mass of various amounts, depending on the era and the substance being measured. The load of lead was 30 fotmals, 175 stone, or 2,100 Merchant pounds (approx. 919 kg). """"The Load of Lead doth consist of Thirty Fotmals, and every Fotmal containeth Six Stone, except Two Pound; and every Stone doth consist of Twelve Pound, and every Pound consisteth of the Weight of 25 Shillings, whereby the Sum in the Fotmal is Seventy Pound. But the Sum of the"
"""Note:"" The plural form of the unit ""stone"" is either ""stone"" or ""stones"", but ""stone"" is most frequently used. The 13 British colonies in North America used the avoirdupois system, but continued to use the British system as it was, without the evolution that was occurring in Britain in the use of the stone unit. In 1824 there was landmark new weights and measures legislation in the United Kingdom that the United States did not adopt. In the United States, quarters, hundredweights, and tons remain defined as 25, 100, and respectively. The quarter is now virtually unused, as is the"
"displaced it. Where once 240 pence made a tower pound (and 256 make a troy pound), by the time of the United Kingdom Weights and Measures Act of 1824, a troy pound gives 792 silver pence, still minted as such as Maundy Money. Sterling originally referred to the Norman silver penny of the late 11th century. The coin was minted to a fineness of 11 oz, 2 dwt (in the pound), or 925 Millesimal fineness. Troy weight Troy weight is a system of units of mass customarily used for precious metals and gemstones. One troy ounce (abbreviated ""t oz"" or"
"the sceat with the silver penny. This coin was derived from half of a silver dirhem. The weights were then derived by a count of coins, by a mix of Charlemagne and Roman systems. A shilling was set to twelve pence, an ounce to twenty pence, and a pound to twelve ounces or twenty shillings. The penny was quite a lot of money, so weight by coins was not a general practice. Later kings debased the coin, both in weight and fineness. The original pound divided was the tower pound of 5400 grains, but a later pound of 5760 grains"
"A grain is 20 mites, a mite is 24 droits, a droit is 20 perits, a perit is 24 blanks. In Scotland, the Incorporation of Goldsmiths of the City of Edinburgh used a system in multiples of sixteen. (""See Assay-Master's Accounts, 1681–1702, on loan from the Incorporation to the National Archives of Scotland"".) Thus, there were 16 drops to the troy ounce, 16 ounces to the troy pound, and 16 pounds to the troy stone. The Scots had several other ways of measuring precious metals and gems, but this was the common usage for gold and silver. The Pound was"
"of weights in which his ""[decimal] pound"" would have been and the ""[decimal] stone"" would have been . Before the advent of metrication, units called ""stone"" (German: Stein; Dutch: steen; Polish: kamień) were used in many North-Western European countries. Its value, usually between 3 and 10 kg, varied from city to city and sometimes from commodity to commodity. The number of local ""pounds"" in a stone also varied from city to city. During the early 19th century, states such as the Netherlands (including Belgium) and the South Western German states, which had redefined their system of measures using the ""kilogramme"
"64 pounds of 12 ounces of 20 pence of 32 grains. These measures were based on the relatively light tower pound and were rarely used in Scotland, Ireland, or Wales during the Middle Ages. When the Tower system was abolished in the 16th century, the bushel was redefined as 56 avoirdupois pounds. The imperial bushel established by the Weights and Measures Act of 1824 described the bushel as the volume of 80 avoirdupois pounds of distilled water in air at or 8 imperial gallons. This is the bushel in some use in the United Kingdom. Thus, there is no distinction"
"g/cc ≈ 1.00224129 ounces per Imperial fluid ounce = 10.0224129 pounds per Imperial gallon. The density of precious metals could conceivably be based on Troy ounces and pounds, a possible cause of confusion. Density The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ""ρ"" (the lower case Greek letter rho), although the Latin letter ""D"" can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume: where ""ρ"" is the density, ""m"" is the mass, and ""V"" is the volume. In"
"Pound (mass) The pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in the imperial, United States customary and other systems of measurement. Various definitions have been used; the most common today is the international avoirdupois pound, which is legally defined as exactly , and which is divided into 16 avoirdupois ounces. The international standard symbol for the avoirdupois pound is lb; an alternative symbol is lb (for most pound definitions), # (chiefly in the U.S.), and ℔ or ″̶ (specifically for the apothecaries' pound). The unit is descended from the Roman ""libra"" (hence the abbreviation ""lb""). The English word"
"Troy weight Troy weight is a system of units of mass customarily used for precious metals and gemstones. One troy ounce (abbreviated ""t oz"" or ""oz t"") is equal to exactly , (or about 1.0971 oz. avoirdupois, the ""avoirdupois"" ounce being the most common definition of an ""ounce"" in the US). There are only 12 troy ounces per troy pound, rather than the 16 ounces per pound found in the more common avoirdupois system. The avoirdupois pound has 7000 grains whereas the troy pound has only 5760 grains (i.e. 12 × 480 grains). Both systems use the same grain defined"
"have at times been called ""foot-pound-second"" systems after the Imperial units for length, weight and time even though the tons, hundredweights, gallons, and nautical miles, for example, are different for the U.S. units. Many Imperial units remain in use in Britain, which has officially switched to the SI system—with a few exceptions such as road signs, which are still in miles. Draught beer and cider must be sold by the imperial pint, and milk in returnable bottles can be sold by the imperial pint. Many people measure their height in feet and inches and their weight in stone and pounds,"
"standard, thus establishing what became the Imperial system of weights and measures. Late in the 19th century various governments acted to redefine their base standards on a scientific basis and establish ratio-metric equations to SI metric system standards. They did not always pick the same equivalencies, though the pound remained very similar; these independent legal actions led to small differences in certain quantities, such as the American and Imperial pounds. An alternative system of mass, the troy system, is generally used for precious materials. The modern definition of the avoirdupois pound (1 lb) is exactly kilograms. is from Anglo-Norman French"
"6, 12, 18, 24, 32 and 42 pounds; 68-pounders also exist, and other nonstandard weapons use the same scheme. See carronade. A similar definition, using lead balls, exists for determining the gauge of shotguns. Pound (mass) The pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in the imperial, United States customary and other systems of measurement. Various definitions have been used; the most common today is the international avoirdupois pound, which is legally defined as exactly , and which is divided into 16 avoirdupois ounces. The international standard symbol for the avoirdupois pound is lb; an alternative symbol is"
"dressing the animal. Smithfield market continued to use the 8 lb stone for meat until shortly before the Second World War. The ""Oxford English Dictionary"" also lists: The Scottish stone was equal to 16 Scottish pounds (17 lb 8 oz avoirdupois or 7.936 kg). In 1661, the Royal Commission of Scotland recommended that the Troy stone be used as a standard of weight and that it be kept in the custody of the burgh of Lanark. The tron (or local) stone of Edinburgh, also standardised in 1661, was 16 tron pounds (24 lb 1 oz avoirdupois or 9.996 kg). In"
"become known to collectors as the ""bull-head George"". The weight of the new gold sovereigns was calculated on the basis that the value of one troy pound of standard (22 carat) gold was £46 14s 6d. Sovereigns therefore in theory weighed 123.2744783 grains or 7.988030269 grams, although this implies much more precision than it was possible to achieve with the technology of the time. This standard persists to the present day, more than two centuries later. To put a gold standard into effect, and avoid the pitfalls of bimetallism, silver coins were declared legal tender only for sums of money"
"wool. In 1350, Edward III issued a new statute defining the stone weight, to be used for wool and ""other Merchandizes"", at 14 pounds, reaffirmed by Henry VII in 1495. In England, merchants traditionally sold potatoes in half-stone increments of 7 pounds. Live animals were weighed in stones of 14 lb; but, once slaughtered, their carcasses were weighed in stones of 8 lb. Thus, if the animal's carcass accounted for of the animal's weight, the butcher could return the dressed carcasses to the animal's owner stone for stone, keeping the offal, blood and hide as his due for slaughtering and"
"The amount of salary in weight was then used as a ranking system for officials, with the top ministers being paid 2000 stones. In the early days of Hong Kong as a British colony, the stone (石, with a Cantonese pronunciation given as ""shik"") was used as a measurement of weight equal to 120 catties or , alongside the picul of 100 catties. It was made obsolete by subsequent overriding legislation in 1885, which included the picul but not the stone. Picul A picul or tam is a traditional Asian unit of weight, defined as ""a shoulder-load, as much as"
"inches. According to Secretary Adams, Adams goes on to say (paraphrased and simplified): Thus, the key to the whole measurement system of 1266 was the weight of the silver penny sterling. This penny was 1/240th of the Tower pound, which had been used at the London mint for centuries before the Norman conquest, and which continued as legal tender until 1527, when Henry VIII replaced it with the Troy pound. The Tower pound weighed 3/4 Troy ounce less than the Troy pound (15/16th of the Troy pound). Its penny, therefore weighed 22.5 Troy grains. There was also another pound used"
"for the weight of certain precious metals, especially in the trade; these are normally quoted just in ounces (e.g. ""500 ounces"") and, when the type of ounce is not explicitly stated, the troy system is assumed. Historically, the pound sterling was a Tower pound of silver. In 1528, the standard was changed to the Troy pound. The avoirdupois pound, also known as the wool pound, first came into general use c. 1300. It was initially equal to 6992 troy grains. The pound avoirdupois was divided into 16 ounces. During the reign of Queen Elizabeth, the avoirdupois pound was redefined as"
"Troy ounce = 10 Tola<br> Commodity weight 20 CWT = 1 Ton avoirdupois = 40 Bushel = 160 Stones<br> 4 Stones = 1 Bushel = 56 Pound<br> 1 hundredweight (cwt) = 112 Pound = 2 Bushel + 8 Stones<br> 14 Pounds avoirdupois = 1 Stone avoirdupois<br> 16 Ounces avoirdupois = 1 Pound avoirdupois ""Conversion"" 1 Ounce avoirdupois = 28.349523 gram approx.<br> 1 Pound avoirdupois = 453.59237 gram<br> 1 Ton avoirdupois = 2240 pounds avoirdupois<br> Weight of 1 Barley corn = 64.79891 milligram<br> One Troy Ounce = 31.1034768 gram<br> 3.75 Troy ounce = 10 Tola Length In 1950s, Miles and Furlongs"