"Waved albatross The waved albatross (""Phoebastria irrorata""), also known as Galapagos albatross, is the only member of the family Diomedeidae located in the tropics. When they forage, they follow a straight path to a single site off the coast of Peru, about to the east. During the non-breeding season, these birds reside primarily on the Ecuadorian and Peruvian coasts. Waved albatrosses are a type of albatross that belong to Diomedeidae family and come from the Procellariiformes order, along with shearwaters, fulmars, storm petrels, and diving petrels. They share certain identifying features. First, they have nasal passages that attach to the"
"many different kinds of seabirds, including wedge-tailed shearwaters, and dolphins and tuna, which push shoaling fish up towards the surface. The fulmarine petrels are generalists, which for the most part take many species of fish and crustacea. The giant petrels, uniquely for Procellariiformes, will feed on land, eating the carrion of other seabirds and seals. They will also attack the chicks of other seabirds. The diet of the giant petrels varies according to sex, with the females taking more krill and the males more carrion. All the fulmarine petrels readily feed on fisheries discards at sea, a habit that has"
"""Psychroteuthis"", ""Gonatus"" and ""Galiteuthis"". Food is usually picked from the surface of the water but the bird will occasionally dive. Southern fulmar The southern fulmar (""Fulmarus glacialoides"") is a seabird of the Southern Hemisphere. Along with the northern fulmar, ""F. glacialis"", it belongs to the fulmar genus ""Fulmarus"" in the family Procellariidae, the true petrels. It is also known as the Antarctic fulmar or silver-grey fulmar. It is largely pale grey above and white below with a distinctive white patch on the wing. It breeds on the coast of Antarctica and on surrounding islands, moving north in winter. It nests"
"Old Norse word ""fúll"" meaning foul, and ""már"" meaning gull, in reference to the smell of their stomach oil. The two fulmars are closely related seabirds occupying the same niche in different oceans. The northern fulmar (""Fulmarus glacialis"") or just fulmar lives in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, whereas the southern fulmar, (""Fulmarus glacialoides"") is, as its name implies, a bird of the Southern Ocean. These birds look superficially like gulls, but are unrelated, and are in fact petrels. The northern species is grey and white with a yellow bill, in length with a wingspan. The southern form is"
"Southern fulmar The southern fulmar (""Fulmarus glacialoides"") is a seabird of the Southern Hemisphere. Along with the northern fulmar, ""F. glacialis"", it belongs to the fulmar genus ""Fulmarus"" in the family Procellariidae, the true petrels. It is also known as the Antarctic fulmar or silver-grey fulmar. It is largely pale grey above and white below with a distinctive white patch on the wing. It breeds on the coast of Antarctica and on surrounding islands, moving north in winter. It nests in colonies on cliffs, laying a single egg on a ledge or crevice. Its diet includes krill, fish and squid"
"Fulmar The fulmars are tubenosed seabirds of the family Procellariidae. The family consists of two extant species and two extinct fossil species from the Miocene. Fulmars superficially resemble gulls, but are readily distinguished by their flight on stiff wings, and their tube noses. They breed on cliffs, laying one or rarely two eggs on a ledge of bare rock or on a grassy cliff. Outside the breeding season, they are pelagic, feeding on fish, squid and shrimp in the open ocean. They are long-lived for birds, living for up to 40 years. Historically, the northern fulmar lived on the Isle"
"refers to St. Peter and from the story of him walking on water, which refers to how they run on top of the water as they are getting airborne. They were also called ""fulmar"", which comes from ""full"" an Old Norse word meaning ""foul"", and ""mar"" meaning ""gull"". They resemble seagulls and they have the ability of spitting a foul smelling concoction at predators. This and its sister species are the largest members of the Procellariidae. The southern giant petrel measures with a wingspan of . Both this and the northern giant petrel vary considerably in size, with southern colonies"
"and most of the seas. They are absent from the Bay of Bengal and Hudson Bay, but are present year round or seasonally in the rest. The seas north of New Zealand are the centre of procellariid biodiversity, with the most species. Among the four groups, the fulmarine petrels have a mostly polar distribution, with most species living around Antarctica and one, the northern fulmar ranging in the Northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The prions are restricted to the Southern Ocean, and the gadfly petrels are found mostly in the tropics with some temperate species. The shearwaters are the most"
"Cape petrel The Cape petrel (""Daption capense""), also called the Cape pigeon, pintado petrel, or Cape fulmar, is a common seabird of the Southern Ocean from the family Procellariidae. It is the only member of the genus ""Daption"", and is allied to the fulmarine petrels, and the giant petrels. They are extremely common seabirds with an estimated population of around 2 million. The Cape petrel is the only known member of the genus ""Daption"" and is in turn a member of the family Procellariidae and order Procellariiformes. There appears to be a subgroup within the family consisting of the giant"
"White-headed petrel The white-headed petrel (""Pterodroma lessonii""), also known as the white-headed fulmar is a species of seabird in the petrel family, or Procellariidae. Its length is about 400 mm. White-headed petrels breed alone or in colonies in burrows dug among tussocks and herbfields on subantarctic islands. They appear to feed pelagically on cephalopods and crustaceans. The white-headed petrel distinct with a pale white head, and prominent dark eye patch. It has long narrow wings and long pointed tail. Upper surface is pale grey which is contrasting with darker grey on the upper wings and the rump. The underside is"
"the wind, it pushes itself off the water's surface in a succession of bounding jumps. The Procellariiformes are for the most part exclusively marine foragers; the only exception to this rule are the two species of giant petrel, which regularly feed on carrion or other seabirds while on land. While some other species of fulmarine and ""Procellaria"" petrels also take carrion, the diet of most species of albatrosses and petrels is dominated by fish, squid, krill and other marine zooplankton. The importance of these food sources varies from species to species and family to family. For example, of the two"
"Diving petrel The diving petrels are seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes. There are five very similar species all in the family Procellariidae and genus Pelecanoides (Lacépède, 1799), distinguished only by small differences in the coloration of their plumage, habitat, and bill construction. They are only found in the Southern Hemisphere. Some authorities place the diving petrels in their own family, the Pelecanoididae.[2] Diving petrels are auk-like small petrels of the southern oceans. The resemblances with the auks are due to convergent evolution, since both families feed by pursuit diving, although some researchers have in the past suggested that the"
"the majority nest in burrows or crevices, with a few tropical species nesting in the open. There are several reasons for these differences. The fulmarine petrels are probably precluded from burrowing by their large size (the crevice-nesting snow petrel is the smallest fulmarine petrel) and the high latitudes they breed in, where frozen ground is difficult to burrow into. The smaller size of the other species, and their lack of agility on land, mean that even on islands free from mammal predators they are still vulnerable to skuas, gulls and other avian predators, something the aggressive oil-spitting fulmars are not."
"Southern giant petrel The southern giant petrel (""Macronectes giganteus""), also known as the Antarctic giant petrel, giant fulmar, stinker, and stinkpot, is a large seabird of the southern oceans. Its distribution overlaps broadly with the similar northern giant petrel, though it overall is centered slightly further south. Adults of the two species can be distinguished by the colour of their bill-tip: greenish in the southern and reddish in the northern. The southern giant petrel is one of two members of the genus Macronectes, which in turn, along with 14 other genera, comprise the Procellariidae family. Macronectes, also referred to as"
"St Kilda in 1930, the fulmar population did not suddenly grow. Fulmar The fulmars are tubenosed seabirds of the family Procellariidae. The family consists of two extant species and two extinct fossil species from the Miocene. Fulmars superficially resemble gulls, but are readily distinguished by their flight on stiff wings, and their tube noses. They breed on cliffs, laying one or rarely two eggs on a ledge of bare rock or on a grassy cliff. Outside the breeding season, they are pelagic, feeding on fish, squid and shrimp in the open ocean. They are long-lived for birds, living for up"
"Procellariidae The family Procellariidae is a group of seabirds that comprises the fulmarine petrels, the gadfly petrels, the prions, and the shearwaters. This family is part of the bird order Procellariiformes (or tubenoses), which also includes the albatrosses, the storm petrels, and the diving petrels. The procellariids are the most numerous family of tubenoses, and the most diverse. They range in size from the giant petrels, which are almost as large as the albatrosses, to the prions, which are as small as the larger storm petrels. They feed on fish, squid and crustacea, with many also taking fisheries discards and"
"""b"" sequence analysis has proven them to be closely related to the shearwaters in the genus ""Puffinus"" and especially the ""Procellaria"" petrels. Bulweria Bulweria is a genus of seabirds in the family Procellariidae named after English naturalist James Bulwer. The genus has two extant species, Bulwer's petrel (""B. bulwerii"") and Jouanin's petrel (""B. fallax""). A third species, the Olson's petrel (""Bulweria bifax""), became extinct in the early 16th century; it is known only from skeletal remains. Bulwer's Petrel ranges in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, whereas Joaunin's Petrel is confined to the northwestern Indian Ocean. Olson's Petrel is known"
"increase has been especially notable in the British Isles. Like other petrels, their walking ability is limited, but they are strong fliers, with a stiff wing action quite unlike the gulls. They look bull-necked compared to gulls, and have short stubby bills. They are long-lived, the longest recorded lifespan for ""F. glacialis"" being 40 years, 10 months and 16 days. Fulmars have for centuries been exploited for food. The engraver Thomas Bewick wrote in 1804 that ""Pennant, speaking of those [birds] which breed on, or inhabit, the Isle of St Kilda, says—'No bird is of so much use to the"
"northern fulmar has a wingspan of and is in length. Body mass can range from . This species is gray and white with a pale yellow, thick, bill and bluish legs; however there is both a light morph and dark, or 'blue' morph. In the Pacific Ocean there is an intermediate morph as well. All morphs have certain similarities, such as only the dark morph has more than dark edges on the underneath, and they all have pale inner primaries on the top of the wings. The Pacific morph has a darker tail than the Atlantic morph. Like other petrels,"
"Bulweria Bulweria is a genus of seabirds in the family Procellariidae named after English naturalist James Bulwer. The genus has two extant species, Bulwer's petrel (""B. bulwerii"") and Jouanin's petrel (""B. fallax""). A third species, the Olson's petrel (""Bulweria bifax""), became extinct in the early 16th century; it is known only from skeletal remains. Bulwer's Petrel ranges in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans, whereas Joaunin's Petrel is confined to the northwestern Indian Ocean. Olson's Petrel is known from the Atlantic. ""Bulweria"" petrels have long been considered related to the gadfly petrels in the genus ""Pterodroma"", but recent mtDNA cytochrome"
"a single clear white egg, which is incubated for 45 days by both sexes. The egg usually measures . Like most other fulmars, they will defend their nest by spitting stomach oil. Skuas in particular will prey on Cape petrel eggs and chicks. Upon hatching, the chick is brooded for ten days until it can thermoregulate, after which both parents assist in the feeding. The chicks fledge after 45 more days, around March. During breeding season, Cape petrels feed around Antarctica's shelf and during the winter they range further north, as far as Angola and the Galapagos Islands. They breed"
"Phoenix petrel The Phoenix petrel (""Pterodroma alba"") is a medium-sized tropical seabird, measuring up to long, with a wingspan of . It has a dark brown upperparts plumage, white below and whitish throat. The sexes are similar. The Phoenix petrel is found throughout oceans and coastal areas in the central Pacific Ocean. Their colonies can be found on Phoenix, Tonga, Kiritimati, Tuamotu, Marquesas and Pitcairn Island. Females lay one white egg on the ground surface. The diet consists mainly of squid, fish and crustaceans. Due to ongoing habitat loss, small population size, predation by invasive species and human exploitation, the"
"species of diving petrels, genus ""Pelacanoides"". These are auk-like small petrels of the southern oceans. The word ""petrel"" comes from the Latin name for the Christian Saint Peter, and refers to the habits of certain species to hover just above the ocean waves, with their feet barely touching the water, thus giving an appearance of walking on water, as St. Peter is said to have done. Petrel Petrels are tube-nosed seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes. The common name does not indicate relationship beyond that point, as ""petrels"" occur in three of the four families within that group (all except"
"Fulmar prion The fulmar prion (""Pachyptila crassirostris"") is a species of seabird in the Procellariidae family, found in the southern oceans. Its common name ""prion"" means ""saw"", referring to the bill; ""fulmar"" means ""foul-gull"". The species was once assigned under the now-obsolete genus ""Fulmariprion"" (from ""fulmar"" and ""prion""). The genus ""Pachyptila"" means ""thick feathers"". Its specific name ""crassirostris"" means ""thick-beaked"". The fulmar prion is a member of the ""Pachyptila"" genus – and along with the blue petrel – makes up the prions. They in turn are members of the Procellariidae family and the Procellariiformes order. The prions are small and"
"Paleogene are those from the extinct family Diomedeoididae, fossils of which have been found in Central Europe and Iran. Procellariiformes Procellariiformes is an order of seabirds that comprises four families: the albatrosses, petrels and shearwaters, and 2 families of storm petrels. Formerly called Tubinares and still called tubenoses in English, they are often referred to collectively as the petrels, a term that has been applied to all Procellariiformes, or more commonly all the families except the albatrosses. They are almost exclusively pelagic (feeding in the open ocean), and have a cosmopolitan distribution across the world's oceans, with the highest diversity"
"found in tropical, temperate and polar zones of both the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres, though the majority do not breed in the tropics, and half the species are restricted to southern temperate and polar regions. The gadfly petrels, ""Pterodroma"", have a generally tropical and temperate distribution, whereas the fulmarine petrels are mostly polar with some temperate species. The majority of the fulmarine petrels, along with the prions, are confined to the Southern Hemisphere. The storm petrels are almost as widespread as the procellariids, and fall into two distinct subfamilies; the Oceanitinae have a mostly Southern Hemisphere distribution and the"
"from the genus ""Macronectes"". Long considered to be conspecific (they were not established as separate species until 1966), the two species, the southern giant petrel, ""M. giganteus"", and northern giant petrel, ""M. halli"", are considered with the two fulmars, ""Fulmarus"", to form a distinct subgroup within the Procellariidae, and including the Antarctic petrel, Cape petrel, and snow petrel, they form a separate group from the rest of the family. The southern giant petrel is slightly larger than the northern giant petrel, at , across the wings, and of body length. The northern giant petrel is , across the wings and"
"an energy rich food source for chicks and for the adults during their long flights. It will mat the plumage of avian predators, which can lead to their death. Fulmars have a salt gland that is situated above the nasal passage and helps desalinate their bodies, due to the high amount of ocean water that they imbibe. It excretes a strong saline solution from their nose. Two prehistoric species have been described from fossil bones found on the Pacific coast of California: ""Fulmarus miocaenus"" (Temblor Formation) and ""Fulmarus hammeri"" from the Miocene. The genus name ""Fulmarus"" is derived from the"
"cats have been introduced, and it suffers natural predation from gulls, skuas, owls and falcons. Although the population may be declining slightly, this petrel is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as being of Least Concern due to its high total numbers. Its presence in rough weather at sea has led to various mariners' superstitions, and, by analogy, to its use as a symbol by revolutionary and anarchist groups. The storm petrels, Hydrobatidae, are one of the four major families of the Procellariiformes or ""tubenoses"", an order of seabirds that also includes the albatrosses, the Procellariidae, and"
"the threats posed to them, and these efforts have led to the signing of the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels, a legally binding international treaty signed in 2001. The Procellariiformes have a cosmopolitan distribution across the world's oceans and seas, although at the levels of family and genus there are some clear patterns. Antarctic petrels, ""Thalassoica antarctica"", have to fly over to get to the ocean from their breeding colonies in Antarctica, and northern fulmars breed on the northeastern tip of Greenland, the furthest north piece of land. The most cosmopolitan family is the Procellariidae, which are"
"additional crustaceans (such as crabs, krill, and shrimp) and plankton. Bulwer's petrel Bulwer's petrel (""Bulweria bulwerii"") is a small petrel in the family Procellariidae, and found in the genus ""Bulweria"" (Bonaparte, 1843). This bird is named after the Scottish naturalist James Bulwer. This very long-winged petrel is 25–29 cm in length with a 78–90 cm wingspan. It has mainly brown plumage and a long pointed tail. It has a buoyant twisting flight as it picks planktonic food items from the ocean surface. The species breeds in the north Atlantic in colonies on islands in the Cape Verde Islands, Azores, Canary"
"seals, which feed in the surrounding ocean, including the emperor penguin, which famously breeds in the cold, dark Antarctic winter. Seabirds of the coast include southern fulmar ""(Fulmarus glacialoides)"", the scavenging southern giant petrel ""(Macronectes giganteus)"", Cape petrel ""(Daption capense)"", snow petrel ""(Pagodroma nivea)"", the small Wilson's storm-petrel ""(Oceanites oceanicus)"", the large south polar skua ""(Catharacta maccormicki)"", and Antarctic petrel ""(Thalassoica antarctica)"". The seals of the Antarctic Ocean include leopard seal ""(Hydrurga leptonyx)"", Weddell seal ""(Leptonychotes weddellii)"", the huge southern elephant seal ""(Mirounga leonina)"", crabeater seal ""(Lobodon carcinophagus)"" and Ross seal (""Ommatophoca rossii""). There are no large land animals but"
"Petrel Petrels are tube-nosed seabirds in the bird order Procellariiformes. The common name does not indicate relationship beyond that point, as ""petrels"" occur in three of the four families within that group (all except the albatross family, Diomedeidae). Having a fossil record that was assumed to extend back at least 60 million years, the Procellariiformes was long considered to be among the older bird groupings, other than the ratites, with presumably distant ties to penguins and loons. However, recent research and fossil finds such as ""Vegavis"" show that the Galliformes (pheasants, grouse and relatives), and Anseriformes (ducks, geese) are still"