"The Lancet The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is among the world's oldest, most prestigious, and best known general medical journals. The journal was founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley, an English surgeon who named it after the surgical instrument called a lancet, as well as after the architectural term ""lancet arch"", a window with a sharp pointed arch, to indicate the ""light of wisdom"" or ""to let in light"". The journal publishes original research articles, review articles (""seminars"" and ""reviews""), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. ""The Lancet"" has"
"Lancet window A lancet window is a tall, narrow window with a pointed arch at its top. It acquired the ""lancet"" name from its resemblance to a lance. Instances of this architectural motif are typical of Gothic church edifices of the earliest period. Lancet windows may occur singly, or paired under a single moulding, or grouped in an odd number with the tallest window at the centre. The architectural motif first appeared in the early French Gothic period (c. 1140–1200), and later in the English period of Gothic architecture (1200–1275). So common was the lancet window feature that this era"
"is sometimes known as the ""Lancet Period"". The term ""lancet window"" is properly applied to windows of austere form, without tracery. Paired windows were sometimes surmounted by a simple opening such as a quatrefoil cut in plate tracery. This form gave way to the more ornate, multi-light traceried windowed. Lancet window A lancet window is a tall, narrow window with a pointed arch at its top. It acquired the ""lancet"" name from its resemblance to a lance. Instances of this architectural motif are typical of Gothic church edifices of the earliest period. Lancet windows may occur singly, or paired under"
"building. The barrel vaults and groin vaults characteristic of Romanesque building were replaced by rib vaults, which made possible a wider range of proportions between height, width and length. The arched windows are usually narrow by comparison to their height and are without tracery. For this reason Early English Gothic is sometimes known as the Lancet style. Although arches of equilateral proportion are most often employed, lancet arches of very acute proportions are frequently found and are highly characteristic of the style. A notable example of steeply pointed lancets being used structurally is the apsidal arcade of Westminster Abbey. The"
"Balconet A balconet or balconette is an architectural term to describe a false balcony, or railing at the outer plane of a window-opening reaching to the floor, and having, when the window is open, the appearance of a balcony. They are common in France, Portugal, Spain, and Italy. They are often referred to as Juliet balconies after the scene from Shakespeare's play ""Romeo and Juliet"". A prominent example of a balconette is on the Palazzo Labia in Venice. The term has also been applied to a style of brassiere featuring low-cut cups and wide set straps that give the appearance"
"Lunette In architecture, a lunette (French ""lunette"", ""little moon"") is a half-moon shaped space, either filled with recessed masonry or void. A lunette is formed when a horizontal cornice transects a round-headed arch at the level of the imposts, where the arch springs. If a door is set within a round-headed arch, the space within the arch above the door, masonry or glass, is a lunette. If the door is a major access, and the lunette above is massive and deeply set, it may be called a ""tympanum"". The term is usefully employed to describe the section of interior wall"
"Early English period was the pointed arch known as the lancet. Pointed arches were used almost universally, not only in arches of wide span such as those of the nave arcade, but also for doorways and lancet windows. Romanesque builders generally used round arches, although they had very occasionally employed slightly pointed ones, notably at Durham Cathedral, where they are used for structural purposes in the Nave aisles. Compared with the rounded Romanesque style, the pointed arch of the Early English Gothic looks more refined; more importantly, it is more efficient at distributing the weight of the stonework above it,"
"Lancet openings of windows and decorative arcading are often grouped in twos or threes. This characteristic is seen throughout Salisbury Cathedral, where groups of two lancet windows line the nave and groups of three line the clerestory. At York Minster the north transept has a cluster of five lancet windows known as the Five Sisters; each is 50 feet tall and still retains ancient glass. Instead of being massive, solid pillars, the columns were often composed of clusters of slender, detached shafts (often made of dark, polished Purbeck ""marble"") surrounding a central pillar, or pier, to which they are attached"
"Latticework Latticework is an openwork framework consisting of a criss-crossed pattern of strips of building material, typically wood or metal. The design is created by crossing the strips to form a grid or weave. Latticework may be functional – for example, to allow airflow to or through an area; structural, as a truss in a lattice girder; used to add privacy, as through a lattice screen; purely decorative; or some combination of these. Latticework in stone or wood from the classical period is also called transenna (plural transenne). In India, the house of a rich or noble person may be"
"be an arc taken from an oval. The spaces are still lunettes. A lunette is commonly called a ""half-moon window"", when the space is used as a window. Lunette In architecture, a lunette (French ""lunette"", ""little moon"") is a half-moon shaped space, either filled with recessed masonry or void. A lunette is formed when a horizontal cornice transects a round-headed arch at the level of the imposts, where the arch springs. If a door is set within a round-headed arch, the space within the arch above the door, masonry or glass, is a lunette. If the door is a major"
"Tholobate A tholobate (from ) or drum, in architecture, is the upright part of a building on which a dome is raised. It is generally in the shape of a cylinder or a polygonal prism. In the earlier Byzantine churches, the dome rested direct on the pendentives and the windows were pierced in the dome itself; in later examples, between the pendentive and the dome an intervening circular wall was built, in which the windows were pierced, and this is the type which was universally employed by the architects of the Renaissance, of whose works the best-known example is St."
"with angle buttresses rising to octagonal pinnacles. It has a west doorway under a crocketed gable above which is a tall lancet window. In three sides of the third stage are clock faces. In the top stage are arcades of tall lancets, the outer ones being blind. The parapet is embattled. The nave and aisles are in seven bays. The bays of the aisles are separated by buttresses rising to pinnacles, and each bay contains a pair of lancet windows. Each bay of the clerestory also contains a pair of lancets. The east window consists of five stepped lancets. Inside"
"the maze cross section. Lintels may be visible or recessed in the roof of the facility, and reduce dose rate in publicly accessible areas by reducing the maze cross section. Lintel A lintel or lintol is a structural horizontal block that spans the space or opening between two vertical supports. It can be a decorative architectural element, or a combined ornamented structural item. It is often found over portals, doors, windows and fireplaces. In the case of windows, the bottom span is instead referred to as a sill, but, unlike a lintel, does not serve to bear a load to"
"Lance The lance is a pole weapon designed to be used by a mounted warrior or cavalry soldier (lancer). During the periods of classical and medieval warfare, it evolved into being the leading weapon in cavalry charges, and was unsuited for throwing or for repeated thrusting, unlike similar weapons of the javelin/pike family typically used by infantry. Lances were often equipped with a vamplate – a small circular plate to prevent the hand sliding up the shaft upon impact. Though best known as a military and sporting weapon carried by European knights, the use of lances was widespread throughout Asia,"
"Galleting Galleting, sometimes known as garreting or garneting, is an architectural technique in which spalls (small pieces of stone) are pushed into wet mortar joints during the construction of a masonry building. The term comes from the French word ""galet"", which means ""pebble."" In general, the word ""galleting"" refers to the practice while the word ""gallet"" refers to the spall. Galleting was mostly used in England, where it was common in South East England and the county of Norfolk. Galleting is mainly used in stone masonry buildings constructed out of sandstone or flint. The technique varies depending on which of"
"Lintel A lintel or lintol is a structural horizontal block that spans the space or opening between two vertical supports. It can be a decorative architectural element, or a combined ornamented structural item. It is often found over portals, doors, windows and fireplaces. In the case of windows, the bottom span is instead referred to as a sill, but, unlike a lintel, does not serve to bear a load to ensure the integrity of the wall. Modern day lintels are made using prestressed concrete and are also referred to as beams in beam and block slabs or ribs in rib"
"in pre-Islamic as well as Islamic architecture before they were employed structurally in medieval architecture, and are thought to have been the inspiration for their use in Sicily and France; as at Autun Cathedral, which is otherwise stylistically Romanesque. In Gothic architecture, ogives are the intersecting transverse ribs of arches which establish the surface of a Gothic vault. An ogive or ogival arch is a pointed, ""Gothic"" arch, drawn with compasses as outlined above, or with arcs of an ellipse as described. A very narrow, steeply pointed ogive arch is sometimes called a ""lancet arch"". The most common form is"
"a vertical impact and not funneled inward towards the slit. In the 19th century each step was known as a Redent. Embrasure In military architecture, an embrasure is the opening in a crenellation or battlement between the two raised solid portions or merlons, sometimes called a ""crenel"" or ""crenelle"". In domestic architecture this refers to the outward splay of a window or arrow slit on the inside. A loophole, arrow loop or arrowslit passes through a solid wall and was originally for use by archers. The purpose of embrasures is to allow weapons to be fired out from the fortification"
"is a triple lancet. The north porch has a gable surmounted by a cross, and it contains stone benches. The chancel is in two bays. At its east end is a triple lancet window, and there are three double lancets along each side, and a blocked doorway on the north side. On the arch of the south porch is a sundial acting as a finial. To the right of the porch is a double and a triple lancet window. At the east end of the south aisle is a blocked triple lancet. The arcades in the nave are in four"
"with a round or trefoil opening placed above them, often contained within a blind arch which gives the whole assemblage a pointed lancet shape (see the example from Soissons Cathedral, right). With this type of design, the spandrels (i.e. the spaces between the tops of the lancet windows and the oculus) are just blank wall. The practicalities of building window tracery in this way severely limited the complexity of designs that could be produced and although plate tracery designs evolved over the course of the 12th and early 13th centuries, in practice, the only real variation was in the number"
"the South Carolina battle flag), which are used for formations by the Corps of Cadets. Quadrangles are also found in traditional Kerala houses (Naalukettu) and is known as the ""Nadumittam"" (""Middle Space""). Quadrangle (architecture) In architecture, a quadrangle (or colloquially, a quad) is a space or a courtyard, usually rectangular (square or oblong) in plan, the sides of which are entirely or mainly occupied by parts of a large building (or several smaller buildings). The word is probably most closely associated with college or university campus architecture, but quadrangles are also found in other buildings such as palaces. Most quadrangles"
"double lancet window, on the north side is a double lancet window with Decorated tracery, and in the east wall is another lancet with similar tracery. The chancel is in two bays, and has a cross on its east gable. The east window is a triple lancet. On the south side is a priest's door and a triple lancet window. The south aisle is in three bays. In its east and west walls are triple lancet windows, and there is a double lancet on the south side. The south porch contains stone benches and has a gable with a cross."
"its east wall. There are five lancets around the apse of the chancel, and another in the east wall of the south transept. In the south wall of the transept is a doorway with a pointed moulded arch flanked by buttresses. In the gable above the doorway is a lancet window, also with a moulded head. In the south wall of the south aisle are two further lancet windows. The nave is separated from the aisles by two-bay arcades. The walls of the aisles and nave consist of bands of red brick and ashlar stone. Around the tops of the"
"and block slabs. These prestressed concrete lintels and blocks are components that are packed together and propped to form a suspended floor concrete slab. In worldwide architecture of different eras and many cultures, a lintel has been an element of post and lintel construction. Many different building materials have been used for lintels. In classical Western architecture and construction methods, by ""Merriam-Webster"" definition, a lintel is a load-bearing member and is placed over an entranceway. Called an architrave, the lintel is a structural element that is usually rested on stone pillars or stacked stone columns, over a portal or entranceway."
"later adopted in less prestigious buildings once timber framing was supplanted by masonry construction. Galleting Galleting, sometimes known as garreting or garneting, is an architectural technique in which spalls (small pieces of stone) are pushed into wet mortar joints during the construction of a masonry building. The term comes from the French word ""galet"", which means ""pebble."" In general, the word ""galleting"" refers to the practice while the word ""gallet"" refers to the spall. Galleting was mostly used in England, where it was common in South East England and the county of Norfolk. Galleting is mainly used in stone masonry"
"lancet windows on three of its sides, and above this is an octagonal drum. There was originally a spire, but this has been removed. Along the sides of the nave are pilaster buttresses and round-headed lancet windows. The east window consists of five stepped lancets. On the south side of the chancel is a priest's door. The interior has been altered, but three panelled galleries have been retained. Christ Church, Adlington Christ Church is on Church Street, Adlington, Lancashire, England. It is a redundant Anglican church, and is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade"
"Atlas (architecture) In European architectural sculpture, an atlas (also known as an atlant, or atlante or atlantid; plural atlantes) is a support sculpted in the form of a man, which may take the place of a column, a pier or a pilaster. The Roman term for such a sculptural support is a telamon (plural telamones or telamons). The term ""atlantes"" is the Greek plural of the name Atlas—the Titan who was forced to hold the sky on his shoulders for eternity. The alternative term, ""telamones"", also is derived from a later mythological hero, Telamon, one of the Argonauts, who was"
"Lozenge A lozenge (◊), often referred to as a diamond, is a form of rhombus. The definition of lozenge is not strictly fixed, and it is sometimes used simply as a synonym (from the French ""losange"") for rhombus. Most often, though, lozenge refers to a thin rhombus—a rhombus with two acute and two obtuse angles, especially one with acute angles of 45°. The lozenge shape is often used in parquetry (with acute angles that are 360°/""n"" with ""n"" being an integer higher than 4, because they can be used to form set of tiles of the same shape and size,"
"louvres as part of the overall aesthetic effect of their buildings. The most well-known example is Finnish modernist architect Alvar Aalto who would create aesthetic effects in the facades of his buildings through the combination of different types and sizes of louvers, some fixed some moveable, and made mostly from wood (e.g., the various buildings of the Helsinki University of Technology). A second example, taking influence from Aalto, is the second-generation modernist architect Juha Leiviskä. Louver A louver (American English) or louvre (British English) is a window blind or shutter with horizontal slats that are angled to admit light and"
"Roof lantern A roof lantern is a daylighting architectural element. Architectural lanterns are atop a larger roof and provide natural light into the space or room below. In contemporary use it is an architectural skylight structure. The term 'roof top lantern' is used to describe the lighted decorative lanterns atop taxi cabs in Japan, designed to reflect the cultural heritage of Japanese paper lanterns. The glazed lantern was developed during the Middle Ages. Roof lanterns of masonry and glass were used in Renaissance architecture, such as in principal cathedrals. In 16th-century France and Italy, they began usage in orangeries, an"
"Battlement A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet (i.e., a defensive low wall between chest-height and head-height), in which gaps or indentations, which are often rectangular, occur at intervals to allow for the launch of arrows or other projectiles from within the defences. These gaps are termed ""crenels"" (also known as ""carnels"", or ""embrasures""), and the act of adding crenels to a previously unbroken parapet is termed crenellation. Thus, a defensive building might be designed and built with battlements, or a manor house might be fortified by adding battlements, where no"
"deadbolts extend into a recess in the doorjamb when engaged, making the accuracy of the plumb (i.e. true vertical) and strength of the doorjambs vitally important to the overall operational durability and security of the door. The word jamb is also used to describe a wing of a building, perhaps just in Scottish architecture. John Adam added a 'jamb' to the old Leith Customs house in the Citadel of Leith in 1754-55. Jamb A jamb (from French ""jambe"", ""leg""), in architecture, is the side-post or lining of a doorway or other aperture. The jambs of a window outside the frame"
"building, there is a door in the middle of to two single-lancet windows, similar to the ones in the front. The door is particularly decorated and is used as the main entrance of the church. The transept is opened by two single-lancet windows located in a low level, and a oculus in the middle. The apse is closed by the transept, and it is divided into three parts by two half pedastals. Each part is defined by a single-lancet splayed window with an arch and solid Angera's stones. The single-lancet window of the central part is bigger than the others"