"title personally until 1035. In that year Duke William, Robert’s son, then granted the title to his cousin, Guy de Burgundy. The lordship seems to have passed to Hugh de Vernon in 1047 following the failed rebellion of Guy de Burgundy. Hugh survived until the early 1050s when he was succeeded as lord of Vernon by his son William. For descendants of this family see:- Vernon (surname) Vernon is a surname, from a masculine name that is derived from the Gaul word ""vern"" for Alder tree (also springlike, flourishing, or full of life) and a Gaulish-Latin suffix indicating a location."
"the meaning ""the place where the Boii lived"". These terms survive today in the modern name Bohemia, and more generally the name of the Boii survives not only in ""Bohemia"" but also in the name of the neighbouring German region of Bavaria. Baemi The Baemi, (Bæmi) or Baimoi, were a Germanic tribe who are only known by their mention in Ptolemy's ""Geography"". He described them as a large tribe living on the north side of the Danube, near the Luna forest, and the Quadi, and with the Gambreta forest of the Marcomanni to their northwest. This would place them in"
"changed in their American lives. One favored theory is the surname is based on two syllables, ""Bosch"" and ""ung"". Bosch is considered a Germanic topographical name, derived from the Latin word, ""boscus"" which translates to ""wood"", as in forest. Subsequently, the patronymic suffix ""ung"" was added to the original name and means ""descendants of"" (the Bosch). It has been theorized that the reason to differentiate from an original Bosch family, with the addition of the suffix, was that there had been a large well established Bosch family. The patronymic suffix identified them as having separated by proximity from the original"
"German words ""Amber"" and ""Gau"". ""Amber"" has its origin in the Proto-Indo-European language and has the word stem ""mb(h)"", was means something like dampness. That is probably related to the wet areas that existed at that time, like those of the River Nette. Gau is a word for the enclosed settlement area of Germanic peoples. The term ""Ambergo"" was also used. The Ambergau lies between the northwestern edge of the Harz Mountains and the Hildesheim Börde. The hill ridges surrounding it are predominantly covered by beech woods. The basin-shaped valley is today a largely treeless arable farming region that has"
"Bachmann Bachmann is a surname of Switzerland and Germany. It originates as a description of the bearer as dwelling near a brook (""Bach""), such as a farm ""Hofstatt am Bach"" also called ""Bachmanns Hofstatt"" near Hinwil or Dürnten (recorded 1387), or the ""Hof zum Bach"" near Richterswil (recorded 1555). Low German variants of the name include ""Beckman(n); Beekman(n)"". There are three main lines of Bachmann families in Switzerland, A Bachmann family of Bohemia is attested as bearing arms in the 15th century. Their coat of arms displays two linden leaves. The name is often anglicized to ""Bachman"" in North America,"
"land or to the curvature of a river. The language spoken might not have been Old High German, as Low Saxon was spoken there later. Other theories hold that the castle was named for the word of a surrounding vast forest, ""hammen"". ""Hamm"" as a place name occurs a number of times in Germany, but its meaning is equally uncertain. It could be related to ""heim"" and Hamburg could have been placed in the territory of the ancient Chamavi. However, a derivation of ""home city"" is perhaps too direct, as the city was named after the castle. Another theory is"
"living near the Quadi and the Luna forest. Banochaemae The Banochaemae, Baenochaemae, Bainochaimai or Bonochamae were a Germanic tribe recorded only in the ""Geography"" of Claudius Ptolemy. The name is generally considered to be equivalent to the modern term ""Bohemian"" in its origins, although this does not mean that this people is ancestral to the modern Bohemians, nor speaking an ancestral language, nor living in Bohemia. Rather the name represents a combination of the more ancient tribal name of the Boii, and the Germanic word found in modern German heim, or English ""home"". (The Boii's name is also found in"
"part of this region in the time of Maroboduus who formed the Germanic Marcomannic kingdom with its capital in this forested area. ""Boi"" became ""Bai"" according to typical Germanic linguistic changes happening at that time and a Germanic word similar to English ""home"" or modern German """"Heim"""" was added. Strabo therefore reports Boihaemum (Greek Βουίαιμον). Tacitus similarly reports that ""Boihaemi"" is the name given to the area where the Boii had lived. These forms lead to modern Bohemia which lies to the east of modern Bavaria and completely to the north of the Danube, in the modern Czech Republic. At"
"Baemi The Baemi, (Bæmi) or Baimoi, were a Germanic tribe who are only known by their mention in Ptolemy's ""Geography"". He described them as a large tribe living on the north side of the Danube, near the Luna forest, and the Quadi, and with the Gambreta forest of the Marcomanni to their northwest. This would place them in or around modern Slovakia, Moravia and Lower Austria. Commentators generally compare the term to another one found in the same text (but located further north), the ""Bainochaimai"". And both terms are considered related to references to similar terms in older authors, Strabo"
"Cham, Germany Cham () is the capital of the district of Cham in the Upper Palatinate in Bavaria in Germany. Cham lies within the Cham-Furth lowland, which is bordered on the south by the Bavarian Forest and on the north by the Oberpfälzer Wald. The city lies on the Regen River, which joins the Danube at Regensburg. The name ""Cham"" is of Celtic origin and probably means ""bend"" or ""curvature"". In fact, a few kilometers from the city, a winding brook called the Chamb flows into the Regen; it probably gave its name to Cham, the first settlement at the"
"and ""Boiodurum"" (""gate/fort of the Boii"", modern Passau) in Germany. Their memory also survives in the modern regional names of Bohemia (""Boiohaemum""), a mixed-language form from boio- and Proto-Germanic *""haimaz"", ""home"": ""home of the Boii,"" and 'Bayern', Bavaria, which is derived from the Germanic ""Baiovarii"" tribe (Germ. ""*baja-warjaz"": the first component is most plausibly explained as a Germanic version of ""Boii""; the second part is a common formational morpheme of Germanic tribal names, meaning 'dwellers', as in Old English ""-ware""); this combination ""Boii-dwellers"" may have meant ""those who dwell where the Boii formerly dwelt"". According to the ancient authors, the"
"""Eck"" is thought by linguistic experts to be derived from the word ""Ache"", commonly used in the Upper German dialects of South Germany to mean ""river"" or ""stream"", which in turn came from the Old High German word ""aha"". In the Middle Ages the Eckbach bore the name ""Leinbach"", which is where its association with the lime tree arose. ""Leinbaum"" is the local word for both the large-leaved lime and the Norway maple; two species of tree that used to be very common on the banks of the ""Eckbach"". They differ, however, especially in terms of the leaf shape: maple"
"bend of the larger river. Alternatively, the name may have derived from ""Kamm"" (comb). The city's coat of arms contains a comb. A partner city, also called ""Cham"" in Switzerland, is actually pronounced with an initial ""ch"" sound (Ach-Laut), whereas Bavarian Cham is pronounced with a . Monks from Regensburg founded the Marienmünster, the first and oldest church in the Bavarian forest, at Chammünster in the 8th century. The first reference to Cham as a city appears in 976. An imperial castle stood on the Galgenberg (German: ""gallows hill""), providing protection for the trade route into Bohemia. Cham was granted"
"to a Germanic compound of –""haim"", meaning ‘home’ or ‘residence’, and a derivative ending –""inga"". The first part of the name ""Aaigem"" is commonly assigned to the Germanic name of ""Ago"", a currently unknown person. In its totality, the compound ""Agingahaim"" meant ‘residence of the followers or tribal members of Ago’. ""Gem""-toponyms are typical for the period of Frankish settlement during the Merovingian era, though nothing is known about the village of Aaigem at that time, with the earliest records about the Aaigem dating back to the 11th century. The territory of Aaigem might have belonged to the Abbey of"
"area. Baumberg Baumberg (also ""Monheim-Baumberg"") is part of the city of Monheim am Rhein in the district of Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) at the southern border of Düsseldorf, placed on the eastern bank of the river Rhine. Baumberg consists of an area of about 6 km², with about 13000 residents (2005). Baumberg was first recorded in 1296 as ""Boimberg"", a village part of the Earldom of Berg. The tower of the Catholic Church ""St Dionysius"" was built in the 12th century. Until the 20th century Baumberg was a rural village, inhabited by mainly fishermen, (goat-)farmers and traditional craftsmen like"
"9th century). The simplex noun ""aha"" remained uncontracted, however, and Old High German ""-aha"" (Modern German ""-ach"") could be restituted in compounds at any time. Related is the German Aue (variant Au) with a meaning ""river island, wetland, floodplain, riparian woodland"", i.e. a cultivated landscape in a riparian zone. It is derived from the same root, but with a ""-yo-"" suffix (Proto-Germanic ""*awjō""). This word was also reduced to a suffix, as ""-au"" (as in ""Reichenau""). It is frequent as a river name, as in Große Aue, Aue (Elbe), Aue (Weser), etc., as well as the name of a settlement,"
"""Citrus aurantifolia"", the tree that produces the lime (fruit)). In those days, both the Norway Maple (""Acer platanoides"") and the Large-leaved Linden (""Tilia platyphyllos"") were called ""Leinbaum"" in German. Both species were common on the banks of the Eckbach. One difference between the species is the shape of the leaves: maple leaves are five lobed, lime leaves are undivided. The coat of arms of the House of Leiningen shows a stylized tree with five-lobed leaves and five-pointed flowers clearly point to a maple. The House of Leiningen originated in the area around the upper Eckbach. It is entirely possible that"
"name from the adjacent German tribe (Schwaben), who lived in Württemberg. The Grand Duchy had an area of and consisted of a considerable portion of the eastern half of the fertile valley of the Rhine and of the mountains which form its boundary. The mountainous part was by far the most extensive, forming nearly 80% of the whole area. From Lake Constance in the south to the river Neckar in the north is a portion of the Black Forest (), which is divided by the valley of the Kinzig into two districts of different elevation. To the south of the"
"Toman (name) Toman is usually a surname, which is of German and Czech Origin. The English equivalent surname is ""Thomas"" The surname first emerged in medieval times across the borders of Bavaria,Germany and Bohemia,Czech Between the 13th and 14th centuries onwards the name was associated with the great social and economic evolution in Bavaria which made the territory a landmark contributor to the development of the German nation. In Czech the surname is extremely distinguished. Known as playing an instrumental part and major roles in the development of the medieval society in various regions of Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia, and the"
"name"" (referring to a non-agricultural property). Individuals may traditionally be referred to by their oeconyms rather than their surnames in Basque, Finnish, Norwegian, Slovene, and other languages. In these cultures the name of the property is more or less fixed and may be used to refer to the people living there at any particular time, regardless of their actual surname or whether they recently purchased or moved to the property. German oeconyms () were often adopted as surnames. Surnames with such origins are most common in Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. Explicit reference is made to oeconyms (and their lack"
"toponyms ""lo"" always refers to 'forest' and ""heim"" (""heem"", ""em"" or ""um"") to 'home' or 'house'. ""Haar"", however, has several meanings, one of them corresponding with the location of Haarlem on a sand dune: 'elevated place'. The name Haarlem or Haarloheim would therefore mean 'home on a forested dune'. There was a stream called ""De Beek"", dug from the peat grounds west of the river Spaarne as a drainage canal. Over the centuries the Beek was turned into an underground canal, as the city grew larger and the space was needed for construction. Over time it began to silt up"
"Germania ""Germania"" (; ) was the Roman term for the geographical region in north-central Europe inhabited mainly by Germanic peoples. It extended from the Danube in the south to the Baltic Sea, and from the Rhine in the west to the Vistula. The Roman portions formed two provinces of the Empire, Germania Inferior to the north (present-day southern Netherlands, Belgium, and western Germany), and Germania Superior to the south (Switzerland, southwestern Germany, and eastern France). Germania was inhabited mostly by Germanic tribes, but also Celts, Balts, Scythians and later on Early Slavs. The population mix changed over time by assimilation,"
"Edinburgh had a coat of arms containing 3 oak trees and the motto ""vivunt dum virent"" (they live while green). The influential pioneer family of Western Australia also have this motto and similar arms in their history. Forrest (surname) Forrest is a surname of English and Scottish origins. This name derives from the Old French ""forest"" (Latin ""foresta"", a derivative of ""foris"" meaning ""outside""). The word was introduced by the Normans, and referred to a Royal Forest. Variants include Forest, De Forest, De Forrest, DeForest and DeForrest. Forrest is associated with Clan Forrester and Clan Douglas. Variants of the name"
"many larger farms as an ""Austragshaus"" for the older generation, as they hand over the farm. Waldlerhaus The Waldlerhaus is a local form of agricultural building, typical of the Bavarian Forest and Upper Palatine Forest in Germany. The term ""Waldlerhaus"" goes back to the 19th century and describes the house of a person who lives in and from the forest. Its distribution area is bounded by the edges of the Bavarian and Upper Palatine Forests. The boundary of the associated cultural-historical region has been complicated by recent history. Until the Second World War the area of the lower Bavarian Forest,"
"or a homestead. Only beginning in the mid 18th century did the current spelling “Auen” establish itself as the customary one. In Modern High German, the name literally means “floodplains” or “riverside flats”, and indeed this would seem to be its derivation. Thus it is Germanic, but from Celtic ""dhwö"", from Proto-Indo-European ""akua"" (“water”), ""a(z)wjö"" (“island”). It is akin to the Latin ""aqua"" (“water”) and the Old High German ""auw(i)a"" (“land at, in or near water”). Over the ages, Auen has borne the following names: Auen has always been a small village that has never emerged from the shadows. In"
"bound permanently to parcels of land. A peasant is called a ""Bauer"" in German and ""Bur"" in Low German (pronounced in English like ""boor""). In most of Germany, farming was handled by tenant farmers who paid rents and obligatory services to the landlord—typically a nobleman. Peasant leaders supervised the fields and ditches and grazing rights, maintained public order and morals, and supported a village court which handled minor offenses. Inside the family the patriarch made all the decisions, and tried to arrange advantageous marriages for his children. Much of the villages' communal life centered on church services and holy days."
"Baumberg Baumberg (also ""Monheim-Baumberg"") is part of the city of Monheim am Rhein in the district of Mettmann in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) at the southern border of Düsseldorf, placed on the eastern bank of the river Rhine. Baumberg consists of an area of about 6 km², with about 13000 residents (2005). Baumberg was first recorded in 1296 as ""Boimberg"", a village part of the Earldom of Berg. The tower of the Catholic Church ""St Dionysius"" was built in the 12th century. Until the 20th century Baumberg was a rural village, inhabited by mainly fishermen, (goat-)farmers and traditional craftsmen like basket-makers."
"or ""fortified refuge"" and is a widespread component of place names. The first element of the name is perhaps from Old High German ""hamma"", referring to a bend in a river, or Middle High German ""hamme"", referring to an enclosed area of pastureland. ""Hamburger"" in German is the demonym of Hamburg, similar to ""frankfurter"" and ""wiener"", names for other meat-based foods and demonyms of the cities of Frankfurt and Vienna (Wien), respectively. The term ""burger"", a back-formation, is associated with many different types of sandwiches, similar to a (ground meat) hamburger, but made of different meats such as buffalo in"
"a compound noun comprising the nouns ""Holz"", ""Hausen"", and ""Linde"". ""Holz"", meaning timber/lumber, probably originates from the Old Saxon ""holt"" meaning forest, wood, timber/lumber and the Old High German ""hulta"" also meaning timber/lumber. The noun ""Hausen"" which in standard German is only found as a suffix in place names (the verb ""hausen"" means to dwell, to reside) probably originates from the Old High German ""husen"" meaning hamlet or settlement. The compounds ""holtshusen"", ""hultshusen"" and similar would mean ""hamlet/settlement (in the clearing) in/[at the edge of] the forest/wood"". ""Linde"", meaning lime/linden tree, would extend the compound ""Holzhausen"" to mean ""hamlet/settlement with"
"derived from the Middle High German word ""deig"", a term denoting a moat in front of a rampart. This is further supported by the similarity to the Greek τεĩχος - ""wall"" or the word ""Deich"", which has come to signify ""dike"" in contemporary german. During the early Middle Ages, the social standing of inhabitants was reflected by whether they lived on the lower levels of the city in the vicinity of the rhine, or on the slopes of either the ""Münsterhügel"" (cathedral hill) or the ""Spalenberg"" hill. Living on a hillside not only conveyed the family's high social standing, the"
"the Alemanni ""barbari,"" meaning ""savages."" The archaeology, however, shows that they were largely Romanized, lived in Roman-style houses and used Roman artifacts, the Alemannic women having adopted the Roman fashion of the ""tunica"" even earlier than the men. Most of the Alemanni were probably at the time, in fact, resident in or close to the borders of Germania Superior. Although Dio is the earliest writer to mention them, Ammianus Marcellinus used the name to refer to Germans on the Limes Germanicus in the time of Trajan's governorship of the province shortly after it was formed, around 98-99 AD. At that"
"Bienstand The Bienstand, in several histories and novels called the ""Bistand"", is a low mountain ridge, high, in the Bavarian Forest between the villages of Sankt Oswald-Riedlhütte and Grafenau, immediately south of the clearly higher mountains of the Rachel and Lusen, which lie within the Bavarian Forest National Park. Its name probably comes from the Middle High German (""bien""=""near"" and ""stand""=""forest pasture"", see also Kirchlinger Stand) and means ""near the forest pasture"". On the flat summit plateau stands a great wooden cross. The view to the south is open and, on föhn days extends to the chain of the Alps"
"result, the inscription has been interpreted in various ways. The first line clearly reads: The first word, boso, represents a man's name found in Old High German (""Poso"", ""Buoso"" or ""Buaso""), Old English (""Bōsa"") and Old Norse (""Bōsi""). Since ""boso"" also appears in compound (dithematic) names such as ""Bosogast"" and ""Bosochind"", ""boso"" in the inscription may be a shortened form of a longer name. It could also be connected with Bosenheim (Bad Kreuznach), a small town located a few miles to the north of Frei-Laubersheim which is believed to have taken its name from the Boso clan which settled there"