"former French president Nicolas Sarkozy, committing to halt illegal immigration to the United Kingdom via Calais. A reception facility named Sangatte, opened and administered by the French Red Cross, was established near the Port of Calais in 1999 but rapidly became overcrowded. The original ""jungle"" was established in the woods around the Port after Sangatte was closed in November 2002 by Nicolas Sarkozy, then the French Minister of the Interior. In an April 2009 raid on a migrant camp, the French authorities had arrested 190 people and used bulldozers to destroy tents, but by July 2009 a new camp was"
"the edge of Calais where they were building again an open-air shanty town known as ""the new jungle"". Charity workers said that 100 people in that ""new jungle"" had already claimed asylum in France but still had no accommodation. A camp has also sprung up in Dunkirk, around 40 km from Calais. Most of the migrants are Kurdish Iraqis. 90 percent of the migrants are Kurds. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, ten people have died trying to cross the Channel Tunnel since the start of June 2015. One Calais jungle from 2015 has been estimated to"
"refugee camp, colloquially dubbed Sans-gate (Lit. 'without gate') (see Channel Tunnel article for details). Nicolas Sarkozy, then Minister of the Interior, ordered its closure. There were riots in 2001 and 2002, the year the camp closed. In the BBC Two show ""Top Gear"", the three presenters Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond and James May crossed the Channel in an amphibious Nissan Navara and instead of finishing at Calais after leaving Dover, they ended up along the coast in Sangatte. Sangatte Sangatte is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department on the northern coast of France on the English Channel. Like many place"
"Calais Jungle The Calais Jungle was a refugee and migrant encampment in the vicinity of Calais, France, in use from January 2015 to October 2016. This camp was an example of the issue of migrants around Calais, who attempt to enter the United Kingdom via the Port of Calais or the Channel Tunnel by stowing away on lorries, ferries, cars, or trains travelling to the UK. The camp gained global attention during the peak of the European migrant crisis in 2015 when the population of the camp rapidly grew and French authorities began carrying out evictions. Some 6,400 migrants were"
"these persons from shopping at their shops. Calais Jungle The Calais Jungle was a refugee and migrant encampment in the vicinity of Calais, France, in use from January 2015 to October 2016. This camp was an example of the issue of migrants around Calais, who attempt to enter the United Kingdom via the Port of Calais or the Channel Tunnel by stowing away on lorries, ferries, cars, or trains travelling to the UK. The camp gained global attention during the peak of the European migrant crisis in 2015 when the population of the camp rapidly grew and French authorities began"
"Migrants around Calais Since 1999, thousands of migrants and refugees (mostly from Africa and Asia) have gathered around the French port city of Calais, seeking to enter the United Kingdom by crossing the Channel Tunnel or by surreptitiously boarding the cargo area of lorries heading for ferries that cross the English Channel. They have formed an unauthorised community commonly referred to as the ""Calais Jungle"". This issue has affected the British and French governments, the Eurotunnel and P&O Ferries companies, and lorry drivers heading for the UK and their companies. Eurotunnel, the company that operates the Channel Tunnel, said that"
"the Association of Calais Traders took a physical approach to protesting the Calais Jungle migrant camp, which was dismantled in October 2016. Migrants around Calais Since 1999, thousands of migrants and refugees (mostly from Africa and Asia) have gathered around the French port city of Calais, seeking to enter the United Kingdom by crossing the Channel Tunnel or by surreptitiously boarding the cargo area of lorries heading for ferries that cross the English Channel. They have formed an unauthorised community commonly referred to as the ""Calais Jungle"". This issue has affected the British and French governments, the Eurotunnel and P&O"
"2016, French authorities announced that the camp had been cleared. Calais is located on the Pas de Calais, which marks the boundary between the English Channel and North Sea and located at the opposite end of the Channel Tunnel, from Dover. On a clear day the White cliffs of Dover can be viewed across the channel. Aside from being an important port and boarding point between France and England, it is at the nucleus of many major railway and highway networks and connected by road to Arras, Lens, Béthune and St. Omer. Dunkirk is located about to the east. Calais"
"driver suffered severe head injuries and the migrants were arrested. The Calais blockade was a 2016 protest in France in response to the town's migrant camp. It involves lorry drivers and farmers using their vehicles on the A16 motorway to slow down entry to the Port of Calais. The camp, informally known as the Calais Jungle, has become the focal point of France's migrant crisis, with about 7,000 people, mainly from the Middle East, Afghanistan and Africa, living there. The protest, organised by local lorry drivers and farmers, has also attracted a number of local trade unions and Calais protestors."
"and France opened a large centre for refugees sleeping rough in Calais, France, under the name ""Kronstadt Hangar"". Calais authorities have accused ""extremist activists"" within to the No Borders network of being ""driven by an anarchist ideology of hatred of all laws and frontiers"" and engaging in, and encouraging, violence and harassment against French police and social workers at the Calais Jungle migrant camp, as well as ""manipulating"" and ""misleading"" the migrants living there. No Border network The No Border Network (In the United Kingdom also called ""No Borders Network"" or ""Noborders Network"") refers to loose associations of autonomous organisations,"
"the camp near Calais, known as the ""Jungle"", riots broke out when authorities started to demolish the illegally constructed campsite on 29 January 2015. Amid the protests, which included hunger strikes, thousands of refugees living in the camp were relocated to France's ""first international-standard refugee camp"" of La Liniere refugee camp in Grande-Synthe which replaced the predecessor encampment at Basroch refugee camp. On 13 September 2015, it was reported that the local authorities had estimated the flow of 300 asylum seekers per day entering via the northern land border from Sweden into Tornio, which is the main route of migration"
"Calais border barrier The Calais border barrier is an international border barrier under construction jointly by France and the United Kingdom designed to prevent illegal migrants from gaining access to the Channel Tunnel and from the port of Calais as a means of illegal entry to Britain. Construction, funded by Britain, began in September 2016. It aims, in particular, to prevent migrants from entering Britain by stowing away on trucks and ferry boats. The wall will cut the large migrant encampment known as the Calais Jungle off from access to the port and tunnel entrance. The government of Calais opposes"
"December 2002, the French Minister of Home Affairs, Nicolas Sarkozy, announced the definitive closure of the camp at Sangatte on 30 December 2002, in exchange for the promise of the British government to accept 1,000 Kurdish refugees and some 250 Afghans, who would all receive a work permit for three months, which dealt with 80% of the refugees and migrants in Sangatte at that time. The remaining people received a residence permit in France. Since 2002, migrants in Calais slept in squats, slums and outdoor camps known as ""jungles"" that were repeatedly raided or bulldozed by police before cropping up"
"Thus many of them seek to enter the United Kingdom, resulting in camps of migrants around Calais, where one of the Eurotunnel entrances is located. During the summer of 2015, at least nine people died in attempts to reach Britain, including falling from, or being hit by trains, and drowning in a canal at the Eurotunnel entrance. Migrants from the camps also attempt to enter trucks bound for the UK, with some truck drivers being threatened by migrants, and cargo being stolen or damaged. In response, a UK financed fence was built along the A 216 highway in Calais. At"
"which to board trains at the Fréthun Eurotunnel rail freight terminal grew, as it was from Calais. Eurotunnel stated in 2001 that they were stopping 200 refugees each night, mostly from Sangatte, who aimed to smuggle themselves into Britain, and called on France to shut the camp. On Christmas Day 2001, a mass of people broke through all security barriers, and 500 of them stormed the Channel Tunnel. By 2002, the Eurotunnel company had spent £6 million (€8 million) on security measures around the terminal site, such as fences, razor wire, cameras, and 360 security guards patrolling daily. On 3"
"most buildings were modern ones. Since 1999 or earlier, an increasingly large number of migrants and refugees started to arrive in the vicinity of Calais, living in the ""Calais jungle,"" the nickname given to a series of makeshift camps. The people lived there while they attempted to enter the United Kingdom by stowing away on lorries, ferries, cars, or trains travelling through the Port of Calais or the Eurotunnel Calais Terminal. The people were a mix of refugees, asylum seekers and economic migrants from Darfur, Afghanistan, Syria, Iraq, Eritrea and other troubled areas of the world. The Calais migrant crisis"
"Camp residents would have to pay locally or travel to the Palestine Red Crescent Hospital in Cairo. Israel and Egypt disputed over the location where refugees could cross the border. Israel wanted them to use the Israel–controlled Rafah Terminal, Egypt insisted that the Salah al Din Gate in downtown Rafah (also known as the “pishpash” gate) be used, as it was the only direct crossing between Egypt and Gaza without going through Israeli-controlled areas. Canada Camp Canada Camp was a Palestinian refugee camp in the northern Sinai near Rafah, formed in 1972 and evacuated in 2000. The Camp was named"
"UK. There have been various ""jungle"" camps around Calais since 1999, where illegal migrants would set up camp on unoccupied land, and moving to new locations around the town once they would be closed down by the French authorities. At the same time, other migrants squat in abandoned buildings. In April 2015, ""The Guardian"" reported that the ""official"" and principal ""jungle"" in Calais was located at a former landfill site, five kilometres (three miles) from the centre of town, and occupied by 1,000 of the 6,000 migrants in Calais. According to the paper, it was one of nine camps then"
"the current jungle had 3,000 inhabitants. As of November 2015, there were an estimated 6,000 migrants living in the jungle. At the end of February 2016, the BBC noted: ""[the] Total camp population is disputed - Calais officials say it houses 3,700, while Help Refugees puts it at 5,497"". In January 2016, French authorities opened a shelter in the northeastern part of the camp. Authorities had earlier cleared tents and shacks from this area and erected 125 metal shipping containers in their place, converting the containers into shelters for up to 1,500 migrants. Shipping containers, rather than more permanent structures,"
"firefighters, and eleven ambulances responded to the scene; French authorities opened an investigation. At the time, Deutsche Welle estimated that 4,000 to 5,000 people lived in the camp. As of October 2016, Help Refugees put the number at 8,143. and a subsequent academic article estimated that the population reached 10,000 before the camp's demolition. In September 2016, workers began building a barrier, dubbed ""The Great Wall Of Calais"", to block refugees from accessing a highway where they could stow away on vehicles bound for Britain. On 26 October 2016 the prefect of Pas-de-Calais, Fabienne Buccio, announced that the camp had"
"September 2014, some 1,200 to 1,500 migrants, mainly Eritreans, Sudanese, Afghans, Somalis and Syrians, lived in makeshift camps or disused buildings in Calais and made regular attempts to hide in lorries bound to cross the Channel to Britain. On 4 September, at the P&O Ferry docks of Calais, 100 migrants forced open a gate, climbed over fences and tried to storm onto a ferry to Britain. One ship's crew used their fire hoses to prevent them from boarding. Days later, 250 migrants tried to storm and get into vehicles on a lorry park about to cross to the UK, the"
"northern part of the country. The largest of these is the Grande-Synthe site near Dunkirk. On that site, in the first and older camp of Basroch refugee camp, migrants (mostly Iraqi Kurdish families) lived under deplorable conditions on a boggy wasteland site, without adequate sanitation facilities or shelter; the site was cited as being worse than Calais. In March 2016, as demolition work was taking place at the ""Jungle"" site in Calais, a new camp called La Liniere refugee camp was developed at the Grande-Synthe site—""France's first ever refugee camp to meet international humanitarian standards."" It opened with 200 of"
"construction of the wall, preferring that the central government instead dismantle the Jungle because the illegal migrants living there place a strain on local resources. The $23 million cost will be shared by Britain and France. Calais border barrier The Calais border barrier is an international border barrier under construction jointly by France and the United Kingdom designed to prevent illegal migrants from gaining access to the Channel Tunnel and from the port of Calais as a means of illegal entry to Britain. Construction, funded by Britain, began in September 2016. It aims, in particular, to prevent migrants from entering"
"were living in the temporary camps erected in Calais at the time of an official count in July 2015. An estimated 3,000 to 5,000 migrants were waiting in Calais for a chance to get to England. Britain and France operate a system of Juxtaposed controls on immigration and customs, where investigations happen before travel. France is part of the Schengen Agreement, which has largely abolished border checks between member nations, but the United Kingdom is not. Most illegal immigrants and would-be asylum seekers who got into Britain found some way to ride a freight train. Trucks are loaded onto freight"
"The protest calls for the closure and removal of the local town's migrant camp, commonly known as the Calais Jungle. The president of the Association of Calais Traders has stated ""We will not budge from the motorway until the state gives us the dates for the total demolition of the northern zone of the Jungle."" This protest marks the first time the Association of Calais Traders has taken a physical approach to protesting the migrant camp. Other smaller, migrant sites exist in France outside Calais; the charity ""Association Terre d'Errance"" (Wandering Earth Association) estimates that eleven camps exist in the"
"375 projected cabins already built by Medecins Sans Frontieres. A total capacity of 2,500 people is expected. Traffickers sexually abuse migrants both women and children by raping them in exchange for blankets, food or opportunity to evade to the UK. Other than Calais and Grande-Synthe, encampments were reported to exist in 2015 in Paris, Dieppe, Boulogne and Le Havre. In August 2015, Vincent Cochetel, the director for Europe at the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, described the crisis as a ""civil emergency"". Later that month, Yvette Cooper, the Shadow Home Secretary of the United Kingdom, said that the United"
"have approximately 6,000 inhabitants. In early June 2015, the police dismantled some smaller encampments in Calais. By mid-June, the city council of Calais estimated 3,000 migrants to be living in encampments. As of November 2015, there were an estimated 6,000 migrants living in the camp. As of October 2016, 'Help Refugees' put the number at 8,143. Starting on 24 October 2016, the French government planned to evacuate 6,400 migrants from the encampment in 170 buses with the intent of resettling the migrants in different regions of France. On 26 October 2016, French authorities announced that the camp had been cleared"
"tear gas to disperse them. At an unknown date, a Syrian refugee sneaked into the UK on a trailer loaded with new lorry cabs and eventually was granted asylum in the UK. In January 2015, the French government opened the Jules Ferry day centre for migrants at Calais, in a former children's holiday camp. It was intended to provide overnight accommodation for 50 women and children (but not to men), one hot meal per day and daytime showers and toilets (to everyone including men), and mobile phone charging. By April 2015, over 1,000 men were sleeping rough on wasteland on"
"been cleared. About 6,000 migrants were bussed to temporary reception centres, while many others relocated to a camp in Grande-Synthe or to informal settlements near the ports of northern France. Aid groups reported that thousands of former Calais residents moved to the streets of Paris. According to a July 2016 census by ""Help Refugees"", the camp was populated by 7,307 migrants - the highest number to date. Of those, 761 were minors according to the census. The population of the camp grew by 50 people a day on average. It has been stated that the population had surged to nearly"
"Channel Tunnel The Channel Tunnel (; also nicknamed the Chunnel) is a rail tunnel linking Folkestone, Kent, in the United Kingdom, with Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais, near Calais in northern France, beneath the English Channel at the Strait of Dover. It is the only fixed link between the island of Great Britain and the European mainland. At its lowest point, it is deep below the sea bed and below sea level. At , the tunnel has the longest undersea portion of any tunnel in the world, although the Seikan Tunnel in Japan is both longer overall at and deeper at below sea"
"that France was ""one of only five OECD countries where income inequality and poverty have declined over the past 20 years"". As a result of the European migrant crisis, beginning in 2015, makeshift and squalid migrant camps have begun regularly appearing around the capital city with French officials routinely clearing and dismantling them as of October 2016. Such camps are also becoming a common occurrence in Northern France, along the coast of La Manche, which migrants hope to cross in an attempt to reach Britain. The Calais Jungle is perhaps the best known example of this. The poverty threshold was"
"Eurotunnel Shuttle Eurotunnel Le Shuttle (sometimes shortened to Le Shuttle or The Shuttle) is a railway shuttle service between Coquelles (near Calais) in Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France and Cheriton (near Folkestone) in Kent, United Kingdom. It conveys road vehicles (including bicycles by appointment) and passengers (including some animals) by rail through the Channel Tunnel. Passenger and freight vehicles are carried in separate shuttle trains hauled by the same locomotives. The service is owned and operated by Getlink, the Channel Tunnel owners. Both the terminals are provided with passport and vehicle check in booths, a large convenience outlet, long loading platforms and a"
"highly exposed countries such as Greece, Malta and Italy more evenly across the EU, Besson agreed to the resettlement of refugees from Malta to France, making France the first country to act on the scheme. Besson subsequently supported the creation of a common European asylum system and advocated for Malta to host the newly established European Asylum Support Office. In September 2009, an area known as ""the Jungle"" near Calais, where many illegal immigrants had settled in order to cross the British channel to the UK, was cleared. According to Besson, the operation was targeting the ""logistical infrastructure and mafia-style"