"the daughter of Athamas, was drowned at the Dardanelles in the legend of the Golden Fleece. Likewise, the strait was the scene of the legend of Hero and Leander, wherein the lovesick Leander swam the strait nightly in order to tryst with his beloved, the priestess Hero, and was drowned in a storm. The Dardanelles were vital to the defence of Constantinople during the Byzantine period. Also, the Dardanelles was an important source of income for the ruler of the region. At the Istanbul Archaeological Museum a marble plate contains a law by the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius I (491–518 AD),"
"the Dardanelles. The Ottoman Empire, backed by Britain and France, refused Russia's demands, and a joint British-French fleet was sent to support the Ottoman Empire. When Russia refused to leave the Romanian territories it had occupied, Britain and France declared war on March 27, 1854. It took France and Britain six months to organize a full-scale military expedition to the Black Sea. The Anglo-French fleet landed thirty thousand French and twenty thousand British soldiers in the Crimea on 14 September, and began to lay siege to the major Russian port of Sevastopol. As the siege dragged on, the French and"
"Dardanelles, a strait that provided a sea route to what was then the Russian Empire, one of the Allied powers during the war. Intending to secure it, Russia's allies Britain and France launched a naval attack followed by an amphibious landing on the peninsula with the eventual aim of capturing the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul). Although the naval attack was repelled and the land campaign failed, the campaign was the first modern amphibious landing, and featured air support, specialized landing craft and a naval bombardment. The seaplane tender HMS ""Ark Royal"" supported the landings under the command of"
"their nickname the ‘Mediterranean Beagles’, were recalled with the idea of forming the Tenth Destroyer Flotilla for operations up to and including a landing on the Flanders Coast. However, with the Russians urging the British to bring pressure on the Turks and relieve the offensive in the Caucasus these eight ‘Beagles’ were returned to the Mediterranean Fleet for the Dardanelles campaign in March. By March 1915 she deployed with the Fifth Destroyer Flotilla to the Dardanelles. On 16 April 1916 while on G Patrol off the mouth of the Dardanelles, she struck a contact mine off Gallipoli. She was badly"
"was later renamed as Lansdowne after the then Viceroy of India, on 4 November 1887. In 1891, the two Gurkha companies moved away to form the nucleus of 2nd Battalion, 3rd Gurkha Rifles and the remaining Battalion was re-designated as 39th (Garhwáli) Regiment of the Bengal Infantry. The ‘Crossed Khukris’ of the Gurkhas were replaced by the ‘Phoenix’, the mythical bird which rises out of its own ashes, in the crest, marking the formal beginnings of the Garhwális as a distinct class Regiment. The official title of ‘Rifles’ was received in 1892. The ‘Phoenix’ was later dropped, and the Maltese"
"the Ottomans initially remained neutral. On 6 September 1914, ""Mesudiye"" was sent to Nara to protect the minefields guarding the entrance to the Dardanelles. She was supported by the minelayer and the tug . Tensions between the Ottomans and a British fleet patrolling the entrance to the Dardanelles increased until 5 November, when Britain and France declared war on the Ottoman Empire. On the morning of 13 December, the British submarine , commanded by Lieutenant Norman Holbrook, entered the Dardanelles. At around 11:30, she spotted ""Mesudiye"" at anchor and fired a single torpedo from a distance of . The torpedo"
"more valuable dreadnoughts, where they could protect the dreadnoughts by watching for mines or by being the first to strike them. On 6 November 1915, a division of the 3rd Battle Squadron consisting of battleships ""Hibernia"" (the flagship), ""Russell"", ""Albemarle"", and ""Zealandia"" was detached from the Grand Fleet to serve in the Dardanelles Campaign. ""Albemarle"" had to return for repairs. – assisted by ""Hibernia"" and accompanied by ""Zealandia"" – after suffering severe damage on the first night of the outbound voyage, but the other three ships pressed on and arrived at the Dardanelles on 14 December 1915. In late January"
"Dardani The Dardani (; ; ), or Dardanians (Δαρδανίωνες) were an Indo-European tribe which settled in the region that took its name from them of Dardania, at the Thraco-Illyrian contact zone. Their identification as either an Illyrian or Thracian tribe is uncertain. They and their territory were by most writers not considered part of Illyria. The ethnonym was spelled in Greek as ""Dardaneis"", ""Dardanioi"" and ""Dardanoi"", and in Latin as ""Dardani"". In 1854 within the context of 19th century historical linguistics, Johann Georg von Hahn was the first to propose that the names ""Dardanoi"" and ""Dardania"" were derived from a"
"army. It was hoped that an attack on the Ottomans would also draw Bulgaria and Greece (both formerly ruled by the Ottomans) into the war on the Allied side. On 2 January 1915, Grand Duke Nicholas of Russia appealed successfully to Britain for assistance against the Ottomans, who were conducting an offensive in the Caucasus. Planning began for a naval demonstration in the Dardanelles to divert troops from the Caucasian theatre of operations. On 17 February 1915, a British seaplane from flew a reconnaissance sortie over the Straits. Two days later, the first attack on the Dardanelles began when a"
"the Dardanelles, fighting against Turkish defenders on a narrow beach. The NZ&A-held position, a series of trenches which became known as Courtney's Post, was where Jacka won the Victoria Cross. On 19 May 1915, the Turks launched an assault against the Anzac Line, capturing a section of the trench at Courtney's Post; one end of which was guarded by Jacka. For several minutes he fired warning shots into the trench wall until reinforcements arrived, after which he attempted to enter the trench with three others; all but Jacka were either wounded or pinned. It was then decided that while a"
"the Dardanelles to assist British ships in blockading the Dardanelles to prevent any sortie by the German battlecruiser and the light cruiser back into the Mediterranean. On 3 November the two French pre-dreadnoughts joined British ships bombarding the Ottoman fortifications at the mouth of the Dardanelles. The short, eleven-minute, bombardment by the French did little damage, but alerted the Ottomans that their defences there required strengthening. On 16 November ""Suffren"" sailed for Toulon for a lengthy refit. ""Suffren"" returned to the Dardanelles on 9 January 1915 and became the flagship of the squadron of four French battleships, commanded by Rear-Admiral"
"Dardanelles on 15 January 1422 in ships provided by Adorno. Mustafa tried to escape to Wallachia but was recognized, seized and hanged at Edirne. Following Junayd's return to Smyrna, Mustafa, an Aydınid who had been active in the area of Ayasoluk, gathered his forces and marched against him. Junayd hastily began to assemble his own army. He was crucially aided, according to Doukas, by the mountain-dwellers of the area, who were ""very bellicose and martial and friends of Juneid's father"". Within a week he had gathered a force of over two thousand, which he equipped with bows, axes, javelins, and"
"the Dardanelles on 12 November. The Fleet sighted the minarets of Constantinople at 07:00 on 13 November and anchored an hour later. The destroyers maintained an anti-submarine patrol to the west of the anchored fleet. Along with most ships of her class, she was laid up after the war, and on 9 May 1921 she was sold to Ward of Rainham for breaking. HMS Hornet (1911) HMS ""Hornet"" was an ""Acheron""-class destroyer of the Royal Navy that served during the First World War and was sold for breaking in 1921. She was the seventh Royal Navy ship to be named"
"and ultimately capture Constantinople. Known as The Gallipoli Campaign, or the Dardanelles Campaign, in Turkey it is referred to as the Battle of Çanakkale (), during March 1915 when the Royal Navy failed to force the Dardanelles and suffered severe losses. During a series of operations, ""HMS Triumph"", ""HMS Ocean"", ""HMS Goliath"", ""HMS Irresistible"" and the French battleship ""Bouvet"" were all sunk. The French submarine Q84 ""Joule"" and the Australian submarine ""AE2"" were also destroyed and several other important ships were crippled too. Most of the damage was inflicted by mines, though a German U-Boat and Turkish small craft contributed"
"scrapped in 1953. Ottoman destroyer Muavenet-i Milliye Muavenet-i Milliye or Muâvenet-i Millîye was a destroyer built for the Ottoman Navy prior to World War I. The ship is most notable for sinking the British pre-dreadnought battleship during the Dardanelles Campaign in World War I. ""Muâvenet"" means ""support"" in Ottoman Turkish, and the full name of this first ship of that name, ""Muâvenet-i Millîye"", signifies ""national support"". Her name was given in honor of the Ottoman Navy National Support Association (""Donanma-i Osmânî Muâvenet-i Millîye Cemiyeti"", in short Navy Association / ""Donanma Cemiyeti""). This association was founded on the initiative of a"
"the Russians at the Battle of Tannenberg. In 1915 Britain and France launched the well-intentioned but poorly conceived and ultimately fruitless Dardanelles Campaign, combining naval power and an amphibious landing, in an effort to aid their Russian ally and knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war. The Palestine campaign was dominated by cavalry, which flourished in the local terrain, and the British achieved two breakthrough victories at Gaza (1917) and Megiddo (1918). Colonel T. E. Lawrence and other British officers led Arab irregulars on a guerrilla campaign against the Ottomans, using strategy and tactics developed during the Boer Wars."
"Dardanelles Campaign preceding the Gallipoli campaign on 18 March 1915. Among the exhibits, Cartridge of French ship Bouvet (a battle ship sunk during the operations) and a rare identification label of a downed French airplane are notable. The hall to the left is dedicated to the general interest exhibits of the war. There are special sections on Turkish commander colonel Mustafa Kemal (later Atatürk, the founder of the Turkish republic) and the British commander Ian Standish Monteith Hamilton. One room on the left is designed as the typical barrack of the Turkish soldiers during the campaign. The last room on"
"models. The Balkan League, of which Greece was a member, declared war on the Ottoman Empire in October 1912. Two months later, the Ottoman fleet attacked the Greek navy, in an attempt to disrupt the naval blockade surrounding the Dardanelles. The Ottoman fleet, which included the pre-dreadnought battleships ""Turgut Reis"", ""Barbaros Hayreddin"", the outdated ironclad battleships and , nine destroyers, and six torpedo boats, sortied from the Dardanelles in the morning, at 09:30. The smaller ships remained at the mouth of the straits while the battleships sailed north, remaining near to the coast. The Greek flotilla, which included the armored"
"war"") for declaring war against Russia. On 28 March 1854, after Russia ignored an Anglo-French ultimatum to withdraw from the Danubian Principalities, the UK and France declared war. Britain was concerned about Russian activity and Sir John Burgoyne, senior advisor to Lord Aberdeen, urged that the Dardanelles should be occupied and works of sufficient strength built to block any Russian move to capture Constantinople and gain access to the Mediterranean Sea. The Corps of Royal Engineers sent men to the Dardanelles, while Burgoyne went to Paris, meeting the British Ambassador and the French Emperor. Lord Cowley wrote on 8 February"
"Ottoman destroyer Muavenet-i Milliye Muavenet-i Milliye or Muâvenet-i Millîye was a destroyer built for the Ottoman Navy prior to World War I. The ship is most notable for sinking the British pre-dreadnought battleship during the Dardanelles Campaign in World War I. ""Muâvenet"" means ""support"" in Ottoman Turkish, and the full name of this first ship of that name, ""Muâvenet-i Millîye"", signifies ""national support"". Her name was given in honor of the Ottoman Navy National Support Association (""Donanma-i Osmânî Muâvenet-i Millîye Cemiyeti"", in short Navy Association / ""Donanma Cemiyeti""). This association was founded on the initiative of a merchant named Yağcızade"
"Establishment, Cranwell was officially born. The first commander was Commodore Godfrey M. Paine. As the naval personnel were held on the books of HMS ""Daedalus"", a hulk that was moored on the River Medway, this gave rise to a misconception that Cranwell was first established as HMS ""Daedalus"". With the establishment of the Royal Air Force as an independent service in 1918, the RNAS Training Establishment became RAF Cranwell. T. E. Lawrence, better known as ""Lawrence of Arabia"", was stationed at RAF Cranwell just after the war, in 1926, where he wrote a revised version of his ""Seven Pillars of"
"six British and French battleships selected to lead the first attack on the straits on 19 February, under the operational control of Vice Admiral John de Robeck. The operational plan called for ""Cornwallis"" to suppress the Ottoman ""Orkanie"" coastal battery. At 09:51 on 19 February, ""Cornwallis"" fired the first shots of the Dardanelles campaign when she began her bombardment of the ""Orkanie"" battery, but her time on station was cut short when a defective capstan prevented her from dropping anchor. The Ottomans had not returned fire, so de Roebeck ordered his ships to anchor in place to improve their accuracy."
"the Dardanelles, not far from ancient Troy and in depicting the soldiers naked, Lambert alludes to the heroes and legends of Greek myth. The National Gallery of Australia suggests that this depiction shows the soldiers as ""more than men and that they are like Greek gods ..."" The painting is part of the collection of the Mildura Arts Centre, acquired in 1955 as part of the bequest of R. D. Elliot. Geroge Washington Lambert accepted a position as an official war artist from the Australian government in 1917, in the midst of the First World War. In this role, Lambert"
"a brief engagement at extreme range, the Ottomans and Greeks withdrew to the Dardanelles and Imbros, respectively. In late July 1914, World War I broke out in Europe, though the Ottomans initially remained neutral. On 14 August, ""Berk-i Satvet"" joined patrols of the Dardanelles, the defenses of which were strengthened with several new minefields. Tensions between the Ottomans and a British fleet patrolling the entrance to the Dardanelles increased until 5 November, when Britain and France declared war on the Ottoman Empire. In the meantime, ""Berk-i Satvet"" had been transferred to the Black Sea. She joined the cruiser ""Midilli"", formerly"
"believe that Souchon was heading for the Dardanelles, and so he resolved to guard the exit from the Aegean, unaware that the ""Goeben"" did not intend to come out. ""Indomitable"" remained in the Mediterranean to blockade the Dardanelles, but ""Inflexible"" was ordered home on 18 August. On 3 November 1914, Churchill ordered the first British attack on the Dardanelles following the opening of hostilities between Turkey and Russia. The attack was carried out by ""Indomitable"" and ""Indefatigable"", as well as the French pre-dreadnought battleships ""Suffren"" and ""Vérité"". The intention of the attack was to test the fortifications and measure the"
"would not get entangled and dragged down to the boat. On 13 December 1914, ""B11"", commanded by Lieutenant Norman Douglas Holbrook, entered the Dardanelles during in the early morning. Shortly after departure one of the guards broke and began banging against the hull, making a lot of noise and vibration. Lieutenant Holbrook ordered the boat to the surface in an attempt to cut the guard loose even though the boat was in full view of the Turkish guns defending the entrance. They succeeded before dawn revealed their presence to the Turks and proceeded up the Dardanelles at a depth of"
"one of the sons of Illyrius (the others being Enchelus, Autarieus, Maedus, Taulas, and Perrhaebus) was the eponymous ancestor of the ""Dardanoi"" (Δάρδανοι). Some Roman ethnographers proposed a connection between Dardani of the Balkans and the Dardans of Troy, having a group of Dardan colonists settle in the Balkans and subsequently degenerate into a state of barbarism, but the Romans considered them to be Greeks as a whole, which contradicts modern scholarship. The Dardani are first mentioned in the 4th century BC, when their king Bardylis succeeded in bringing various tribes into a single organization. Under his leadership the Dardani"
"Dardanians (Trojan) The Dardanoi (; its anglicized modern terms being Dardanians or Dardans) in classical writings were either the same people as, or a people closely related to, the Trojans, an ancient people of the Troad, located in northwestern Anatolia. The Dardanoi derived their name from Dardanus, the mythical founder of Dardania, an ancient city in the Troad. Rule of the Troad was divided between Dardania and Troy. Homer makes a clear distinction between the Trojans and the Dardanoi. The Royal House of Troy was also divided into two branches, that of the Dardanoi, and that of the Trojans (their"
"known as the Dardanelles Operation. Although Duckworth's force reached Constantinople they were heavily battered by enemy fire and were forced to withdraw soon afterwards, ""Canpous"" suffering severely from massive stone shot fired from Turkish cannon. For his service in this operation, Louis was highly praised by Duckworth. Louis returned with the fleet to rejoin British forces in Alexandria, Egypt, but the unidentified sickness that had plagued him in the West Indies returned and he became gravely ill. He died in May 1807 and his body was transferred to Malta for burial, being interred at Manoel Island. His death was widely"
"to guard the exit from the Aegean, unaware that the ""Goeben"" did not intend to come out. On 3 November 1914, Churchill ordered the first British attack on the Dardanelles following the opening of hostilities between Turkey and Russia. The attack was carried out by ""Indomitable"" and ""Indefatigable"", as well as the French pre-dreadnought battleships and . The intention of the attack was to test the fortifications and measure the Turkish response. The results were deceptively encouraging. In a twenty-minute bombardment, a single shell struck the magazine of the fort at Sedd el Bahr at the tip of the Gallipoli"
"François Darlan. These ships were one light cruiser, two destroyers (""contre-torpilleur"") of the , four torpedo boats (""torpilleur""), four submarines of the , one mine-laying submarine, two avisos, six , four small seaplane tenders, one oil tanker, and twelve submarine chasers. Collectively this order was named ""Tranche 1937"". The four torpedo boats were to be named, ""Le Fier"", ""L'Agile"", ""L'Entreprenant"", and ""Le Farouche"" and were also referred to as ""torpilleurs légers de 1010"" in reference to their displacement in tons. Exactly one year after the 1937 tranche, on December 31, 1937 the chamber of deputies approved a second naval procurement"
"the Dardanelles almost a month earlier. Christian casualties were 56 killed and 125 wounded in the sailing ships and about 19 casualties in the rowing vessels. Battle of Andros (1696) The Battle of Andros took place on 22 August 1696 southeast of the Greek island of Andros between the fleets of the Republic of Venice and the Papal States under Bartolomeo Contarini on the one side and the Ottoman Navy, under Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha, and allied Barbary forces on the other. The encounter was indecisive, and no vessels were lost on either side. Contarini, with 22 sailing ships, left"
"the war on the Central Powers side in late 1914, the Allies began preparations to capture the Dardanelles in order to secure a supply route to Russia. As part of these preparations, the Corps Expeditionnaire d'Orient was raised on 22 February 1915 under the command of General Albert d'Amade, who had previously served in Morocco and the Western Front. Throughout February and March, Anglo-French naval forces attempted to penetrate the Dardanelles, aided by small landing parties that were put ashore to destroy Ottoman fortifications. Several small-scale operations were undertaken, starting on 19 February, but they were hampered by bad weather"