"as a cross between the lemon and citron, a recent genomic analysis showed it to solely contain pomelo (""Citrus maxima"") and citron (""Citrus medica"") DNA, perhaps being an F2 hybrid. Thus they cannot derive from true lemons, which have a mandarin orange component. Ponderosa lemon is not widely grown commercially, but it is commonly grown as an ornamental plant. In areas where the winter's cold may damage the plant, they are grown in containers. In such cases they are usually grafted to dwarf rootstocks to help maintain a smaller, more manageable size. The impressive sized fruits may be left on"
"rechristened ""C. lucida"". The pomelo (""Citrus maxima""), a second of the core species from which most citrus hybrids have derived, is native to southeast Asia. Among the hybrids deriving from mandarin/pomelo crosses, there is a direct correlation between the proportion of pomelo DNA in the hybrid and fruit size, while the more palatable mandarins are those that have received specific genes from pomelos that alter their acidity. Some of the more common pomelos are genetically pure, while a number have a single small region of introgressed mandarin DNA on one chromosome, the result of a cross followed by extensive backcrossing"
"citrus among those studied. Of these, seven were native to Asia: pomelo (""Citrus maxima""), the 'pure' mandarins (""C. reticulata"" - most mandarin cultivars were hybrids of this species with pomelo), citrons (""C. medica""), micranthas (""C. micrantha""), the Ichang papeda (""C. ichangensis""), the mangshanyegan (""C. mangshanensis""), and the oval (Nagami) kumquat (""Fortunella margarita"" or ""C. japonica"" var. ""margarita""). In Australia three were identified: the desert lime (""C. glauca""), round lime (""C. australis"") and the finger lime (""C. australasica""). Many other cultivars previously identified as species were found to be closely related variants (subspecies or varieties) or hybrids of these species, though"
"Clementine A clementine (""Citrus × clementina"") is a tangor, a hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange (""C."" × ""deliciosa"") and a sweet orange (""C. × sinensis""), so named in 1902. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance. Clementines can be separated into 7 to 14 segments. Similar to tangerines, they tend to be easy to peel. They are typically juicy and sweet, with less acid than oranges. Their oils, like other citrus fruits, contain mostly limonene as well as myrcene, linalool, α-pinene and many complex aromatics. The clementine is a spontaneous citrus hybrid that arose"
"available through the University of California Citrus Clonal Protection Program. One notable difference is that in temperate climates the fruit will turn a bright orange in response to colder temperatures when the fruits ripen. It is one among many citrus fruits from the region. These include the closely related yellow ""cam canh"" and reddish to yellow ""cam bo ha"" mandarin–pomelos hybrids; the orange-colored ""chun"" or ""sen"", yellow ""bak son"", and pink ""hong"" orange–mandarin hybrids or ""king mandarins"" (C. reticulata × C. sinensis); as well as at least three non-hybridized mandarin (""C. reticulata"") varietals. The term ""king mandarin"" is sometimes applied"
"are complex and the precise number of natural species is unclear, as many of the named species are hybrids clonally propagated through seeds (by apomixis), and there is genetic evidence that even some wild, true-breeding species are of hybrid origin. Most cultivated ""Citrus"" seem to be natural or artificial hybrids of a small number of core ancestral species, including the citron, pomelo, mandarine, and papedas (see image). Natural and cultivated citrus hybrids include commercially important fruit such as oranges, grapefruit, lemons, limes, and some tangerines. Apart from these core citrus species, there are Australian limes and the recently discovered Mangshanyegan."
"than one million tons each in 2016 were Spain, Turkey, Morocco, and Egypt. A clementine contains 87% water, 12% carbohydrates, and negligible amounts of fat and protein (table). Among micronutrients, only vitamin C is in significant content (59% of the Daily Value) in a 100 gram reference serving, with all other nutrients in low amounts. A 2017 study indicated that clementine phytochemicals may interact with drugs in a manner similar to those of grapefruit. Clementine A clementine (""Citrus × clementina"") is a tangor, a hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange (""C."" × ""deliciosa"") and a sweet orange (""C. × sinensis""),"
"Clementine del Golfo di Taranto The Clementine is a citrus hybrid between the willowleaf mandarine (Citrus x deliciosa) and a sweet orange (Citrus x sinensis). According to some sources, it was discovered for the first time in the garden of the orphanage of Brother Marie-Clément in the late 19th century in Misserghin, Algeria and so formally named in 1902. Other sources have attributed a more ancient origin in China because of the similarity with some fruit native to the provinces of Guangxi and Guangdong even though these are mandarin hybrids. The Clementines of the Gulf of Taranto PGI (""Clementine del"
"and ponkans, all pomelo-mandarin hybrids). Many traditional citrus groups, such as true sweet oranges and lemons, seem to be bud sports, clonal families of cultivars that have arisen from distinct spontaneous mutations of a single hybrid ancestor. Mandarin oranges (tangerines, satsumas - ""Citrus reticulata"") are one of the basic species, but the name mandarin is also used more generally for all small, easily peeled citrus, including a large range of hybrids. Swingle saw three species of mandarin, while Tanaka identified five groups with a total of 36 species. Webber (1948) divided them into four groups, king, satsuma, mandarin, and tangerine,"
"and bitter, less palatable fruits than in other citruses, papeda species have only limited commercial cultivation. Some species, like Ichang papeda, are used in landscaping, while others are important for rootstocking and as genome source for breeding disease-resistant and frost-hardy citrus hybrids. In some cases the skin or leaves are used as a flavoring in Asian cuisine. It is believed, based on molecular studies, that the citron, pomelo, mandarin and papedas were the ancestors of most hybrid citrus species and their varieties, which resulted from breeding or natural hybridization among the parental species. For example, the Key lime, a hybrid"
"derive from separate domestication events. Wu, ""et al."", divided mandarins into three types, based on their degree of hybridization. In addition to genetically pure mandarins, a second type are the result of hybridization with pomelos followed by subsequent backcrossing with mandarins to retain only a few pomelo traits. The third type arose more recently from the crossing of these hybrids again with pomelos or sweet oranges (which are themselves crosses of hybrid mandarins and pomelos). This produces mandarins with more, longer stretches of pomelo DNA. Some commercial mandarins are hybrids with lemons, while several were found to have a significant"
"Tangelo The tangelo ( , ; ""C. reticulata × C. maxima"" or ""x C. paradisi""), ""Citrus × tangelo"", is a citrus fruit hybrid of a tangerine and a grapefruit. Sometimes referred to as honeybells, they are the size of an adult fist, have a tart, tangy, tangerine taste, and are juicy at the expense of flesh. They generally have loose skin and are easier to peel than oranges, readily distinguished from them by a characteristic ""nipple"" at the stem. Tangelos can be used as a substitute for mandarin oranges or sweet oranges. The early maturing Orlando tangelo is noted for"
"Orangelo An orangelo (Spanish chironja - C. ×paradisi × C. ×sinensis) is a hybrid citrus fruit believed to have originated in Puerto Rico. The fruit, a cross between a grapefruit and an orange, had spontaneously appeared in the shade-providing trees grown on coffee plantations in the Puerto Rican highlands. In 1956, Carlos G. Moscoso, from the Horticulture, Agricultural Extension Service of the University of Puerto Rico noticed trees that grew fruits that were larger and a brighter yellow than those of the other trees on the plantations. Rootstock trials led to the development of the hybrid commonly known as the"
"Ponderosa lemon The ponderosa lemon (""Citrus "" x ""pyriformis"") is a citrus hybrid of a pomelo and a citron. It is not the same as the 'Yuma Ponderosa' lemon pomello hybrid, that is used as citrus rootstock. Ponderosa lemon trees are slow growing but reach a height of 12 to 24 feet at maturity. The leaves are long, evergreen, glossy, and citron-like, being ovate elliptic in shape and lemon scented. They have medium thick branches, that have many spines. New growth is purple tinged, as are the flowers. Ponderosa lemon also has larger than average citrus flowers, and bears fruit"
"Calamondin Calamondin (""Citrus microcarpa"", × ""Citrofortunella microcarpa"" or × ""Citrofortunella mitis""), also known as calamansi, is an economically-important citrus hybrid predominantly cultivated in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines and surrounding areas in southern China, Taiwan, Borneo, and Sulawesi. Calamondin is ubiquitous in traditional Filipino cuisine. It is used in various condiments, beverages, dishes, marinades, and preserves. Calamondin is also used as ingredients in the cuisines of Malaysia and Indonesia. Calamondin is a citrofortunella, an intergeneric hybrid between a member of the genus ""Citrus"" (in this case probably the mandarin orange) and the kumquat. it was formerly considered"
"derived from the former Satsuma Province in Japan, from which these fruits were first exported to the West. The Afrikaans name ' is also used in South African English. It came originally from the Tamil word ', meaning citrus. Under the Tanaka classification system, ""Citrus unshiu"" is considered a separate species from the mandarin. Under the Swingle system, unshius are considered to be a group of mandarin varieties. Genetic analysis has shown the Satsuma to be a highly-inbred mandarin-pomelo hybrid, with 22% of its genome, a larger proportion than seen in most mandarins, coming from pomelo. It arose when a"
"the fruit splitting in autumn. 'Encore' mandarin 'Encore' mandarin is a citrus cultivar. This cultivar is a hybrid between two mandarins (King x Willowleaf), obtained by H.B.Frost, in California. It began to be commercialized from 1965. It is cultivated in Japan, in greenhouses. In Portugal, its area has increased due to the high prices of the fruits, but at the moment it is stabilized or diminishing. The tree has a characteristic aspect, given by the branches that form an acute angle with the central axis of the tree, without observing pending branches. The fruit is of excellent internal quality, although"
"tangerine with a very thin orange peel when ripe. Each fruit contains 8 to 12 seeds. There is also a variegated mutation of the regular calamondin, showing green stripes on yellow fruit. The fruits are sour and are often used for preserves or cooking. The calamondin bears a small citrus fruit that is used to flavor foods and drinks. Despite its outer appearance and its aroma, the taste of the fruit itself is quite sour, although the peel is sweet. Calamondin marmalade can be made in the same way as orange marmalade. Like other citrus fruits, the calamondin is high"
"not all cultivars were evaluated. Interbreeding seems possible between all citrus plants, and between citrus plants and some plants which may or may not be categorized as citrus. The ability of citrus hybrids to self-pollinate and to reproduce sexually also helps create new varieties. The three predominant ancestral citrus taxa are citron (""C. medica""), pomelo (""C. maxima""), and mandarin (""C. reticulata""). These taxa interbreed freely, despite being quite genetically distinct, having arisen through allopatric speciation, with citrons evolving in northern Indochina, pomelos in the Malay Archipelago, and mandarins in Vietnam, southern China, and Japan. The hybrids of these taxa include"
"mandarin of the low-pomelo huanglingmiao/kishu variety (placed in ""C. reticulata"" by Tanaka) was crossed with a pomelo or pomelo hybrid, then the resulting cultivar was backcrossed with another huanglingmiao/kishu mandarin. Its fruit is ""one of the sweetest citrus varieties, with a meltingly tender texture"" and usually seedless, about the size of other mandarin oranges (""Citrus reticulata""). One of the distinguishing features of the satsuma is the thin, leathery skin dotted with large and prominent oil glands, which is lightly attached around the fruit, enabling it to be peeled very easily in comparison to other citrus fruits. The satsuma also has"
"'Encore' mandarin 'Encore' mandarin is a citrus cultivar. This cultivar is a hybrid between two mandarins (King x Willowleaf), obtained by H.B.Frost, in California. It began to be commercialized from 1965. It is cultivated in Japan, in greenhouses. In Portugal, its area has increased due to the high prices of the fruits, but at the moment it is stabilized or diminishing. The tree has a characteristic aspect, given by the branches that form an acute angle with the central axis of the tree, without observing pending branches. The fruit is of excellent internal quality, although its vitamin C content is"
"relatively recent genomic analysis has revealed some hybrids assigned to the same species to be of quite distinct ancestry. No alternative system of grouping fruit in hybrid species has been adopted. While most citrus hybrids derive from the three core species, hybrids have also been derived from the micrantha, the Ichang papeda and the kumquat. The best known hybrid from micrantha is the Key lime (or Mexican lime), derived from the breeding of a male citron and a female micrantha. Several citrus varieties are Ichang papeda/mandarin crosses (for which Swingle coined the term ichandarin), including Sudachi and Yuzu (which also"
"kumquat, a hybrid of a round and an oval kumquat, and the Satsuma mandarin are the two fruits that were used to parent the Nippon orangequat. Both of these fruits are able to withstand cooler climates, the meiwa being partially dormant in the winter months and the satsuma maturing in October to December. Since both of these citruses are able to grow in the colder season, the orangequat inherited that trait and is also grown and harvested in the colder seasons. Both of the parents of the orangequat are grown in many countries of the world, like China, Japan, South"
"mandarin and pommelo. The fruit normally has large and vigorous trees, but in colder situations they are smaller. They can grow in the Caribbean and Western United States and Mexico, in various soil types. The tree is very productive, producing its fruit in clusters from November to February. They vary from the size of an orange to the size of a grapefruit. The fruit has a thin, easy-to-peel, smooth, yellow rind. Its flesh is seedy, bright yellow or yellow-orange in color, and very juicy. The flavor is sub-acid-like. Due to its tenderness and high seed content, the mandelo has not"
"Blood oranges are also popular in vinaigrette-style dressings, and are sometimes used to flavor niche-market beer. Blood oranges are a source of vitamin C like all citrus fruits. Oranges can also be a valuable source of folate, calcium, and thiamine. Blood orange The blood orange is a variety of orange (""Citrus"" × ""sinensis"") with crimson, almost blood-colored flesh. The distinctive dark flesh color is due to the presence of anthocyanins, a family of antioxidant pigments common to many flowers and fruit, but uncommon in citrus fruits. Chrysanthemin (cyanidin 3-""O""-glucoside) is the main compound found in red oranges. The flesh develops"
"packed in airtight sealed containers. Ascorbic acid may also be added. They are often used in salads, desserts, and baking. In traditional Chinese medicine, the dried peel of the fruit is used in the regulation of ch'i, and also used to treat abdominal distension, to enhance digestion, and to reduce phlegm. Mandarins have also been used in ayurveda (traditional medicine of India). The fruit yield is high, up to 5-6 thousand fruits per tree in a favorable year. In 2016, world production of mandarin oranges (combined with tangerines, clementines, and satsumas in reporting to FAOSTAT) was 32.8 million tonnes, led"
"orange, according to Swingle, belongs to a citrus related genera, called Poncirus, while grapefruit equivocally belongs to the genus citrus, hence the botanical name ""X citroncirus"" is a hybrid genus, derived from citrus and poncirus. Citrumelo Citrumelo or Citromelo (""X Citroncirus"" spp.) is also called ""Swingle citrumelo trifoliate hybrid"", because it is a cold hardy citrus hybrid between a 'Duncan' grapefruit and a trifoliate orange (""Poncirus trifoliata"" (L.) Raf.), developed by Walter Tennyson Swingle. Citrumelo is widely employed as a citrus rootstock, being resistant to the severe citrus tristeza virus and to the Phytophthora foot rot as well as to"
"Pomelo The pomelo, Citrus maxima or Citrus grandis, is the largest citrus fruit from the Rutaceae family. It is a natural (non-hybrid) citrus fruit, similar in appearance to a large grapefruit, native to South and Southeast Asia. The pomelo is one of the original citrus species from which the rest of cultivated citrus hybridized. The popular fruit is used in many Chinese festive celebrations throughout Southeast Asia. After a Captain Shaddock of an East India Company ship introduced it to Barbados, the fruit was called ""shaddock"" in English. From there the name spread to Jamaica in 1696. It remains a"
"Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017). Calamondin Calamondin (""Citrus microcarpa"", × ""Citrofortunella microcarpa"" or × ""Citrofortunella mitis""), also known as calamansi, is an economically-important citrus hybrid predominantly cultivated in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines and surrounding areas in southern China, Taiwan, Borneo, and Sulawesi. Calamondin is ubiquitous in traditional Filipino cuisine. It is used in various condiments, beverages, dishes, marinades, and preserves. Calamondin is also used as ingredients in the cuisines of Malaysia and Indonesia. Calamondin is a citrofortunella, an intergeneric hybrid between a member of the genus ""Citrus"" (in this case probably the mandarin"
"and pomelo. The fruit is of medium size and its shape is round to slightly oblong. When ripe, it turns a light yellow. Its flesh is juicy and sweet with a slightly sour taste. It is usually eaten cut up, sprinkled with sugar and with most of its rather thick pith intact. The fruit's oil is higher than other citrus fruits in trans-β-farnesene, l-carvone, and has a higher number of ketones. Hyuganatsu Hyuganatsu (""Citrus tamurana"", Japanese: 日向夏) is a citrus fruit and plant grown in Japan. The name comes from Hyūga, the ancient name of Miyazaki Prefecture in Kyushu, where"
"technologies have been developed by state agricultural universities and other research institutes of India. Kinnow fruits can be stored at room temperature conditions or under cold storage conditions. Kinnow The 'Kinnow' is a high yield mandarin hybrid cultivated extensively in the wider Punjab region of Pakistan and India . It is a hybrid of two citrus cultivars — 'King' (""Citrus nobilis"") × 'Willow Leaf' (""Citrus × deliciosa"") — first developed by Howard B. Frost, at the University of California Citrus Experiment Station. After evaluation, the 'Kinnow' was released as a new citrus hybrid for commercial cultivation in 1935. In a"
"open pollinated seedling of Kincy; the male parent is uncertain. Thus, the Pixie is either an F2 hybrid resulting from the Kincy F1 hybrid status, or a hybrid by itself between the Kincy and an unknown donor. Pixie mandarin Pixie mandarin, also called Pixie tangerine (""Citrus reticulata"" Blanco), is a variety of mandarin that is late ripening and seedless. Pixie was developed by Howard Brett Frost at the University of California, Riverside Citrus Research Center in 1927, and was eventually released at 1965 by his colleagues James W. Cameron and Robert K. Soost. Frost was trying to cross two mandarin"
"Iyokan The iyokan (伊予柑 - ""Citrus × iyo""), also known as ""anadomikan"" (穴門みかん) and ""Gokaku no Iyokan"", is a Japanese citrus fruit, similar in appearance to a mandarin orange, arising from a cross between the Dancy tangerine and another mandarin variety, the kaikoukan. It is the second most widely produced citrus fruit in Japan after the satsuma mandarin. Iyokan was discovered in Yamaguchi Prefecture during the Meiji era. Nowadays it mostly grows in Ehime Prefecture. Iyokan are named after Ehime Prefecture which was once called ""Iyo-no-kuni"" (Iyo country). The peel is thicker than a mikan, but it can be peeled"