"Felipe Varela Felipe Varela is a Spanish fashion designer. Felipe Varela studied design and pattern design at Esmod College in Paris. He went on to stud yHaute Couture and Textiles at the I.F.M., where he was awarded with the Oscar for Young Designer. As a student in Paris, Varela worked for international fashion houses such as Kenzo, Dior, Thierry Mugler, Lanvin, Angelo Tarlazzi and Torrente. In January 1994 he arrived in Madrid, where he set up his eponymous brand Felipe Varela brand. In 1996, he started showing his creations at the Cibeles Madrid Fashion Week. In 1998 he opened his"
"to a post-war clientele. Other important houses of the period included Pierre Balmain and Hubert de Givenchy (opened in 1952). The fashion magazine ""Elle"" was founded in 1945. In 1952, Coco Chanel herself returned to Paris. Post-war fashion returned to prominence through Christian Dior's famous ""New Look"" in 1947: the collection contained dresses with tiny waists, majestic busts, and full skirts swelling out beneath small bodices, in a manner very similar to the style of the ""Belle Époque"". The extravagant use of fabric and the feminine elegance of the designs appealed greatly to a post-war clientele. Other important houses of"
"City, and in 2011, the Global Language Monitor ranked Paris as the world's third top fashion capital. In addition to fashion and leather goods, Paris is home to a number of well-known jewelers, such as Cartier, Boucheron, Chaumet, and Van Cleef & Arpels. These and other jewelers have their flagships at the famed Place Vendôme. Perfume and cosmetics are yet another fashion-related enterprise associated with Paris. Coty, Chanel, Helena Rubenstein, L'Oreal, Lancôme, Kérastase, Clarins, Sephora, and many other worldwide brands are based in Paris. French women are the biggest consumers of these products in the world (spending on average around"
"Gauche section of Paris in 1994. Since the opening of the original store, Anne Fontaine has expanded to 85 boutiques worldwide including Paris, Tokyo and New York City. Anne Fontaine (brand) Anne Fontaine is a women's fashion brand. The company is based in France, and its products include clothing, shoes, handbags and accessories. Fontaine has been the recipient of several awards, including the French National Order of Merit () and received the award of l'élan de Mode in 2006 (French Federation of Fashion) In 2011, Fontaine created the New York-based Anne Fontaine Foundation, to support the protection of endangered forests"
"in the Saint-Germain area of Paris in 1994. Fontaine followed with stores in Boston and Tokyo in 1995. Since launching, the company now operates 60 stores worldwide (28 of which are in the United States). While the brand is still known for its iconic white women's shirts, the fashion line has expanded to include ready-to-wear clothing, accessories, handbags and shoes. In 2003 Fontaine launched her first handbag line, and in 2008, launched a collection crafted by French artisans called Les Precieuses. Fontaine received the French National Order of Merit and received the award of l'élan de Mode in 2006 (French"
"dancer and actress Brigitte Bardot's 1956 film Et Dieu créa la femme. In 1959, Repetto opened up a store at 22 rue de la Paix in Paris near the National Opera that remains open today. The brand fell out of the limelight after Repetto's death in 1984, but French entrepreneur Jean-Marc Gaucher helped turn around the company when he took over as CEO in 1999. Since then, Repetto has expanded internationally and tried to define itself as a luxury lifestyle brand. It has branched out into a footwear collection for women, men and children, ready-to-wear, small leather goods and fragrances."
"of the first luxury brands in the industry, Céline, a made-to-measure children's shoe business, and opened a first boutique at 52 rue Malte in Paris. The brand was recognised by its logo, the red elephant created by Raymont Peynet. In 1960, the brand decided to change its positioning by focusing its business on a ready-to-wear fashion brand for women with a sportswear approach. Henceforth, the brand offered a range of leather goods such as bags, loafers, gloves and clothes. Céline Vipiana remained the designer from 1945-1997. In 1964, the launch of the new fragrance ""Vent fou"" and the new ‘American"
"dead in her bath on 6 October 1986 in Paris, France, with the cause of death unknown, and was buried in Monchy-Humières, near Estrées-Saint-Denis. The French designer Coco Chanel launched her first post-war collection at her rue Cambon showroom in Paris on 5 February 1954. For the show she approached Marie-Hélène de Rothschild to ask her friends whether they would appear on the catwalk; Chanel had decided to use ""personalities"", women ""with bosoms and hips – with a real shape – they must have elegance"", rather than the sylphlike and anonymous models she had use pre-war whose function was to"
"high-end fashion house. Another woman was Estée Lauder, who was working on the idea for her beauty products which officially launched in 1946, a year after the war ended. When the war ended, many women still had to maintain their place in the business world; because, many of the men who returned were injured. The Federation of Business and Professional Women's Clubs were sources of encouragement to female entrepreneurs. They often would hold workshops with already established entrepreneurs, such as Elizabeth Arden, who would give advice. During the 1950s, women found themselves surrounded by messages everywhere, stating what their role"
"Coco Chanel Gabrielle Bonheur ""Coco"" Chanel (19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a French fashion designer and business woman. The founder and namesake of the Chanel brand, she was credited in the post-World War I era with liberating women from the constraints of the ""corseted silhouette"" and popularizing a sporty, casual chic as the feminine standard of style. A prolific fashion creator, Chanel extended her influence beyond couture clothing, realizing her design aesthetic in jewellery, handbags, and fragrance. Her signature scent, Chanel No. 5, has become an iconic product. She is the only fashion designer listed on ""Time"""
"the period included Pierre Balmain and Hubert de Givenchy (opened in 1952). The fashion magazine ""Elle"" was founded in 1945. In 1952, Coco Chanel herself returned to Paris. In the 1960s, ""high fashion"" came under criticism from France's youth culture (including the ""yé-yés"") who were turning increasingly to London and to casual styles. In 1966, the designer Yves Saint Laurent broke with established high fashion norms by launching a ""prêt-à-porter"" (""ready to wear"") line and expanding French fashion into mass manufacturing and marketing (member houses of the ""Chambre Syndicale"" were forbidden to use even sewing machines). In 1985, Caroline Rennolds"
"to Paris in 1954), Elsa Schiaparelli, Balenciaga, and Nina Ricci re-opened salons, and were joined by other new designers; besides Dior, they included Jacques Fath, Yves Saint-Laurent, Pierre Balmain, Pierre Cardin, Hubert de Givenchy, and Guy Laroche. The success of French designers, led by Dior, earned a significant amount of hard currency for the cash-strapped French economy. Coco Chanel branched out from clothing into perfume in the 1920s, inventing Chanel No. 5. In 1955, she branched out again with a new design of a handbag, which was soon imitated, in various forms, by other designers. By 1995, eighteen fashion houses"
"in 1925) and Balenciaga (founded by a Spaniard in 1937). In the post war year, fashion returned to prominence through Christian Dior's famous ""new look"" in 1947, and through the houses of Pierre Balmain and Hubert de Givenchy (opened in 1952). In the 1960s, ""high fashion"" came under criticism from France's youth culture while designers like Yves Saint Laurent broke with established high fashion norms by launching ""prêt-à-porter"" (""ready to wear"") lines and expanding French fashion into mass manufacturing and marketing. Further innovations were carried out by Paco Rabanne and Pierre Cardin. With a greater focus on marketing and manufacturing,"
"of the entry, with various sized events and shows as fashion weeks and fests. Paris is regarded as the world fashion capital, and spread throughout the city are many fashion boutiques. Most of the major French fashion brands, such as Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Dior, and Lacroix, are currently headquartered here. Numerous international fashion labels also operate shops in Paris, such as Valentino, Gucci, Loewe, Escada, Bottega Veneta, and Burberry, as well as an Abercrombie & Fitch flagship store which has become a main consumer attraction. Paris hosts a fashion week twice a year, similar to other international centers such as"
"""World’s Most Innovative Companies"", citing its expanded offering of broadly diverse and inclusive product lines like Fenty Beauty. Sephora Sephora is a Paris, France-based multinational chain of personal care and beauty stores founded in Paris in 1970. Featuring nearly 300 brands, along with its own private label, Sephora offers beauty products including cosmetics, skincare, body, fragrance, nail color, and haircare. Sephora is owned by luxury conglomerate LVMH as of 1997. The Sephora logo is a white ""S""-shaped flame against a black background. The name comes from the Greek spelling of Zipporah (, ""Sepphōra""), wife of Moses. Sephora first launched in"
"Celine (brand) CELINE is a French ready-to-wear and leather luxury goods brand that has been owned by LVMH group since 1996. It was founded in 1945 by Céline Vipiana. Since November 2015, the headquarters are located at 16 rue Vivienne in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris at the Hôtel Colbert de Torcy, which has French Historic Monument classification. Séverine Merle is the Chief Executive Officer since April 2017. On January 21, 2018, LVMH announced that Hedi Slimane will take over at Celine as its artistic, creative and image director. In 1945, Céline Vipiana (1915–1997) and her husband, Richard, created one"
"black dress, she felt taken advantage of by Wertheimer, and, after World War II, fought against her own perfumes in creating competitive fragrances under her own name, for instance ""Mademoiselle Chanel Nº 1"" (1946), sold exclusively in her own shops. In France this was prohibited by judicial action for counterfeiting, but Saks Fifth Avenue in New York and Neiman Marcus in Texas kept distributing, and, when customers reacted with puzzlement, Wertheimer gave in and raised Coco Chanel's share in the company. In 1947, Wertheimer and Chanel made peace, and when Chanel wanted to resurrect her couture house, he even backed"
"set the trends for fashion in Europe; it remains the second largest industry in France, and is heavily regulated and supported by the government ""for its economic and tourist value"". The city has produced many notable design houses, such as Chanel, Dior, Yves Saint Laurent, Chloé, Givenchy, Lanvin, Céline, Hermès, and Louis Vuitton. Paris also remains a premier destination for shopping, with streets such as Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré and the Champs-Élysées hosting boutiques from designers around the world. The city is generally considered to be part of the ""big four"" global fashion capitals, alongside Milan, London and New York"
"wear Slimane’s first Celine collection on the red carpet for the Los Angeles premiere of Suspiria. The brand owns almost 150 stores worldwide and is distributed through a selective network including department stores such as Barneys New York (New York), Bergdorf Goodman (New York), Harrods (London) and Galeries Lafayette (Paris). Celine (brand) CELINE is a French ready-to-wear and leather luxury goods brand that has been owned by LVMH group since 1996. It was founded in 1945 by Céline Vipiana. Since November 2015, the headquarters are located at 16 rue Vivienne in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris at the Hôtel Colbert"
"Louis Vuitton Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton (), or shortened to LV, is a French fashion house and luxury retail company founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. The label's LV monogram appears on most of its products, ranging from luxury trunks and leather goods to ready-to-wear, shoes, watches, jewelry, accessories, sunglasses and books. Louis Vuitton is one of the world's leading international fashion houses; it sells its products through standalone boutiques, lease departments in high-end department stores, and through the e-commerce section of its website. For six consecutive years (2006–2012), Louis Vuitton was named the world's"
"distribution subsidiaries. Longchamp (company) Longchamp is a French luxury leather goods company, founded in Paris in 1948 by Jean Cassegrain. Jean Cassegrain produced the world's first luxury leather-covered pipes, then expanded into small leather goods, such as wallets, passport covers, etc.. Longchamp launched its first women handbag in 1971 and became one of France's leading leather goods makers. The company's real breakthrough came with the use of nylon. In the 1970s, Longchamp created a leather and nylon fabric luggage collection. For the first time, luggage were light, contrary to the overweight suitcases usually sold at that time. This innovation led"
"in ""good taste"". The term ""prêt-à-porter"" was born in the 1960s, reacting against the traditional notions of fashion and garment-making process, satisfying the needs of pop culture and mass media. Paris acts as the center of the fashion industry and holds the name of ""global fashion capital"". The city is home to many prime designers, including Chanel, Louis Vuitton, Givenchy, Pierre Cardin, Yves Saint Laurent, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, Hermès, Lanvin, Chloé, Rochas, and Céline. With the decentralization of the fashion industry, many cities including: Lyon, Marseille, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Lille and Strasbourg have their own luxury districts and avenues. In"
"Hussein Chalayan, Gareth Pugh, Stella McCartney, Mulberry, Thomas Pink and Vivienne Westwood. Most French fashion houses are in Paris, which is the capital of French fashion. Traditionally, French fashion is chic and stylish, defined by its sophistication, cut, and smart accessories. French fashion is internationally acclaimed. Famous brands and designers from France include Chanel, Louis Vuitton, L'Oreal, Christian Louboutin, Balmain, Lancôme, Givenchy, Le Coq Sportif, Cartier, Guerlain, Sonia Rykiel, Longchamp, Pierre Cardin, Kenzo, Yves Saint Laurent, Dior, Clarins, A.P.C., Jean Paul Gaultier, Lacoste, Hermès, Thierry Mugler, Lanvin, Inès de La Fressange, Quechua, Chloé, Lolita Lempicka, Nina Ricci, Rochas, Cerruti, Oxbow"
"century, as the Renaissance started to fade away, with the power of the French court under Louis XIV, Paris established itself as Europe's main fashion centre. During the 19th century, with the powerful British Empire and a young Queen Victoria on the throne (from 1837), London once again became a major fashion leader. However, it continued to look to Paris for stylistic inspiration, and the British 'father of haute couture' Charles Frederick Worth relocated to Paris in 1846 to perfect and then commercialise his craft, also holding the first fashion shows and launching the concept of fashion labels there. During"
"Longchamp (company) Longchamp is a French luxury leather goods company, founded in Paris in 1948 by Jean Cassegrain. Jean Cassegrain produced the world's first luxury leather-covered pipes, then expanded into small leather goods, such as wallets, passport covers, etc.. Longchamp launched its first women handbag in 1971 and became one of France's leading leather goods makers. The company's real breakthrough came with the use of nylon. In the 1970s, Longchamp created a leather and nylon fabric luggage collection. For the first time, luggage were light, contrary to the overweight suitcases usually sold at that time. This innovation led the company"
"Bar Refaeli closed the show with the other models. Passionata Passionata, a brand in the Chantelle Group, is a French lingerie brand founded in 1988. Its target market is working women and its icon is the image of a woman who lives life to the full. The brand enjoys a strong presence in Europe with a large distribution network: retailers, department stores, mass distribution and, since 2008, has stores in France and Germany. Passionata originated in France in 1988. Its first advertising campaign features working women: a passionate archeologist and a photographer, among others. Within a year, the Passionata brand"
"Yves Saint Laurent (brand) Yves Saint Laurent SAS (; YSL), also known as Saint Laurent, is a French luxury fashion house founded by Yves Saint Laurent and his partner, Pierre Bergé. The company revived its haute couture collection in 2015 under former Creative Director Hedi Slimane. In April 2016, Anthony Vaccarello was appointed as the Creative Director. Founded in 1961, it has been considered one of the world's most prominent fashion houses and is known for its modern and iconic pieces, such as its tuxedo jackets for women. Today, Saint Laurent markets a broad range of women's and men's ready-to-wear"
"women's offerings, the company also operates the ""Dior Homme"" division for men and the ""baby Dior"" label for children's wear. Products are sold throughout its portfolio of retail stores worldwide, as well as through its online store. The House of Dior was established on 16 December 1946 in ""a private house"" at 30 Avenue Montaigne Paris B. However, the current Dior corporation celebrates ""1947"" as the opening year. Dior was financially backed by wealthy businessman Marcel Boussac. Boussac had originally invited Dior to design for Philippe et Gaston, but Dior refused, wishing to make a fresh start under his own"
"Sephora Sephora is a Paris, France-based multinational chain of personal care and beauty stores founded in Paris in 1970. Featuring nearly 300 brands, along with its own private label, Sephora offers beauty products including cosmetics, skincare, body, fragrance, nail color, and haircare. Sephora is owned by luxury conglomerate LVMH as of 1997. The Sephora logo is a white ""S""-shaped flame against a black background. The name comes from the Greek spelling of Zipporah (, ""Sepphōra""), wife of Moses. Sephora first launched in Paris on 14 August 1969. It was acquired by Dominique Mandonnaud in 1993, who merged the purchase with"
"and this outfit is arguably the most referenced and revisited of all of her items of clothing and her trademark. There was long-time question among fashion historians and experts whether the suit was a genuine Chanel or a quality copy purchased from New York's semiannual Karl Lagerfeld or Chez Ninon collections, resolved in favor of a ""Chanel"" by her biographer, Justine Picardie. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Chanel suit was one of the strongest symbols of bourgeois female chic that could be found anywhere in the Western world, evoking a powerful image of a sophisticated, intelligent and"
"women and has been worn by countless celebrities including Meryl Streep, Madonna, Halle Berry, Katy Perry, Mary J. Blige Book launch on Nov 14th, Une Femme Française, St Martins Press, pre-order on Amazon HSN (home shopping network), exclusive collection for HSN: ""French Rendez-Vous"" Lifetime Brand Home Collection 2002 - Repetto, French shoe company limited edition collection of ballerina shoes 2009 - Cointreau, French liquor company design of the bottle and the packaging - won the Silver Pentaward Design Packaging 2010 - BMW, German car company inspiration behind the new car Nomad based on the S/S 2010 collection, worldwide media exposure"
"and its brands to Helene Wajnblum-Liu and her husband, who added handbags and leather accessories to the line as well as expanding the chain of Frizon boutiques. The firm remains headquartered in Paris, with boutiques in Paris, Lyon, New York, Beijing and Hong Kong. Maud Frizon Maud Frizon de Marco (born Danielle Maud Frizon; 1941 in Paris, France) is a fashion designer specializing in women's shoes. She began her career in the 1960s as a model for Parisian Haute Couture Houses of Nina Ricci, Jean Patou, and André Courrèges. At the time models had to provide their own shoes to"
"and socialists. In 1946 the new government nationalized the private electric and gas utility companies, and closed a long-time Paris institution, the houses of prostitution (""Loi Marthe Richard""). The end of the war did not end the hardships of the Parisians. Rationing of bread continued until February 1948, and coffee, cooking oil, sugar and rice were rationed until May 1949. Many of the factories around the city had been bombed during the war, and were still in ruins. Some Paris institutions were quick to get back on their feet. On February 12, 1946, the first major fashion show after the"