"are herbivores that eat shrubs and other plant matter. As they can drink large amounts of water at a time, camas can survive with little or no water for long periods. The camelid family consists of the Old World camelids (the dromedary camels, Bactrian camels, and wild Bactrian camels) and the New World camelids (the llama, vicuna, suri alpaca, huacaya alpaca, and guanaco). Though there have been successful and fertile hybrids within both major groups of camelids, the cama marks the first instance of cross-breeding. The following is a table comparing some of the characteristics of camelids. Cama (animal) A"
"Guanaco The guanaco (""Lama guanicoe"") (from Quechua ""Wanaku"", via Spanish) is a camelid native to South America, closely related to the llama. Its name comes from the Quechua word ""huanaco"" (modern spelling ""wanaku""). Young guanacos are called ""chulengos"". Guanacos inhabit both the Pampas plains and mountainous regions of South America. They are found in the altiplano of Peru, Bolivia and Chile, and in Patagonia, with a small population in Paraguay. In Argentina and Chile, they are more numerous in Patagonian regions, as well as in places such as the Torres del Paine National Park, and Isla Grande de Tierra del"
"The guanaco's soft wool is valued second only to that of the vicuña. The pelts, particularly from the calves, are sometimes used as a substitute for red fox pelts, because the texture is difficult to differentiate. Like their domestic descendant, the llama, the guanaco is double-coated with coarse guard hairs and a soft undercoat, the hairs of which are about 16–18 µ in diameter and comparable to the best cashmere. Guanaco The guanaco (""Lama guanicoe"") (from Quechua ""Wanaku"", via Spanish) is a camelid native to South America, closely related to the llama. Its name comes from the Quechua word ""huanaco"""
"a strand diameter of 18–25 micrometers. The guanaco is a wild camelid, standing at at the shoulder and at the head. It can weigh up to . Its pelage is longer than that of the vicuña but shorter than that of the alpaca; it is considered to be of excellent quality and has a light brown, reddish, or brown-yellow color. The diameter of its fleece's fibers varies between 16 and 18 micrometers. 90% of the world's guanacos are in Argentina, distributed from the islands of the Beagle Channel and the southern extremity of the Patagonia to the Puna grassland in"
"male around one year of age. Although the species is still considered wild, around 300 guanacos are in US zoos and around 200 are registered in private herds. Guanacos were once thought to be the parent species of the domesticated llama, but research into their DNA has shown that vicuña are the more likely ancestors of llamas. The guanaco stands between at the shoulder, and weighs . Its color varies very little (unlike the domestic llama), ranging from a light brown to dark cinnamon and shading to white underneath. Guanacos have grey faces and small, straight ears. Guanacos are one"
"may be difficult to tell apart at a distance. The vicuña is smaller and more slender in its proportions, and has a shorter head than the guanaco. The guanaco has an extensive geographical range, from the high lands of the Andean region of Ecuador and Peru to the open plains of Patagonia, and even the wooded islands of Tierra del Fuego. It constituted the principal food of the Patagonian Indians, and they use its skin for the material from which their long robes are made. It is about the size of a European red deer, and is an elegant animal"
"Guaiabero The guaiabero (""Bolbopsittacus lunulatus"") is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae, belonging to the monotypic genus Bolbopsittacus and closely related to the lovebirds (""Agapornis"") and hanging parrots (""Loriculus""). It is endemic to the Philippines and locally known as ""bubutok"". Its common name is derived from its reputation for eating guavas. Measuring around in length, it is a smallish, stout parrot with a large bill and stubby tail. The sexes differ in plumage. The adult male is green overall, with more yellowish underparts and a pale blue face and collar and wing primaries. The rump is yellow-green. The"
"Orinoco goose The Orinoco goose (""Neochen jubata"") is a member of the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae. It is in the shelduck subfamily Tadorninae, and placed in the genus ""Neochen"". Three fossil relatives have been described from Pleistocene sites: ""Neochen pugil"" from Brazil, ""Neochen debilis"" from Argentina and ""Neochen barbadiana"" from Barbados. Orinoco geese are long and are resident breeders in the forests of tropical South America. Its preference is forest lakes or marshes with access to open woodland or savanna. The Orinoco goose has escaped or been deliberately released in to Florida, USA, but there is no evidence"
"by IUCN. Some taxonomic authorities, including the International Ornithologists' Union, place this species in the genus ""Leucocarbo"". Others place it in the genus ""Phalacrocorax"". The scientific name commemorates the French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville. The bird's droppings were such an important source of fertilizer to the peoples of the Andes that it was protected by Inca rulers, who supposedly made disturbing the cormorants in any way punishable by death. Guanay cormorant The Guanay cormorant or Guanay shag (""Leucocarbo bougainvillii"") is a member of the cormorant family found on the Pacific coast of Peru and northern Chile. (The Argentinian population"
"appear to have survived as a result of their less specialized plant diet, adapting to the change in vegetation that accompanied the warming Holocene. Guanaco population sizes initially dipped along with other grazing species, but eventually recovered. Analysis of canine remains found in all five human occupation levels of the cave initially suggested they were those of domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This would have been remarkable as the earliest evidence for the domestic dog in the Americas. However subsequent analyses suggest the skull and teeth remains to have been from two wild species: Pseudalopex griseus (South American gray fox) and"
"of the largest wild mammal species found in South America, along with the manatee, the Amazon river dolphin, the tapir, and the jaguar. The guanaco has thick skin on its neck, a trait also found in its domestic counterpart, the llama and in its relatives, the wild vicuña and domesticated alpaca. This protects its neck from predator attacks. Bolivians use the neck-skin of these animals to make shoes, flattening and pounding the skin to be used for the soles. In Chile, hunting is allowed only in Tierra del Fuego, where the only population not classified as endangered in the country"
"conservation are the ""Lama vicugna"" (vicuna) and ""Lama guanicoe"". The guanaco (""Lama guanicoe"") is a camelid native to South America. This animal can grow up to four feet tall (1.2 metres). Bird populations in the puna ecosystem are surprisingly diverse for such a harsh and extreme environment. For example, the Lauca National Park includes 148 species of birds, which represents about one third of the entire Chilean bird population. Many of these species are rare and attract visitors to the area. One example of this rare avifauna is the giant flightless Darwin's rhea (""Rhea pennata""), which is similar to the"
"Vicuña The vicuña (""Vicugna vicugna"") or vicuna (both , very rarely spelled ""vicugna"", which is actually the name of its genus) is one of the two wild South American camelids which live in the high alpine areas of the Andes, the other being the guanaco. It is a relative of the llama, and is now believed to be the wild ancestor of domesticated alpacas, which are raised for their coats. Vicuñas produce small amounts of extremely fine wool, which is very expensive because the animal can only be shorn every three years, and has to be caught from the wild."
"entrance. It is open for visits from Monday to Sunday from 8:30 to 12:30 and from 14:00 to 18:00. The guanaco is the main mammal found in the park. Other mammals include culpeo fox, chilla fox and European hare. The shoreline area is home to marine mammals, such as the marine otter and the South American sea lion. Among the birds are the Humboldt penguin and Peruvian pelican. Also reptile species of the genera ""Tropidurus"" and ""Callopistes"" inhabit the park. Pan de Azúcar National Park Pan de Azúcar National Park is a national park of Chile. The park straddles the"
"Lama (genus) Lama is a genus containing two South American camelids, the wild guanaco and the domesticated llama. This genus is closely allied to the wild vicuña and domesticated alpaca of the genus ""Vicugna"". Before the Spanish conquest of the Americas, llamas and alpacas were the only domesticated ungulates of the continent. They were kept not only for their value as beasts of burden, but also for their flesh, hides, and wool. Although they were often compared to sheep by early writers, their affinity to the camel was soon perceived. They were included in the genus ""Camelus"" in the ""Systema"
"Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. Pheasant cuckoo The pheasant cuckoo (""Dromococcyx phasianellus"") is a species of neotropical cuckoo in the subfamily Neomorphinae of the Cuculidae family. It is native to Central and South America where it occurs in lowland tropical forest. The pheasant cuckoo is a large cuckoo with a short crest tipped with rusty brown. The bird's upper parts are dark sooty-brown and the underparts are pale buff with small black streaks on the breast. The feathers of the large tail are of varying lengths, with the central ones being the longest. The call"
"Guianas to northern Argentina), ""M. t. centralis"" (native to Central America, northwestern Colombia, and northern Ecuador), and ""M. t. artata"" (native to northeastern Colombia and northwestern Venezuela). The giant anteater is grouped with the semiarboreal northern and southern tamanduas in the family Myrmecophagidae. Together with the family Cyclopedidae, whose only extant member is the arboreal silky anteater, the two families comprise the suborder Vermilingua. Anteaters and sloths belong to order Pilosa and share superorder Xenarthra with the Cingulata (whose only extant members are armadillos). The two orders of Xenarthra split 66 million years ago (Mya) during the Late Cretaceous epoch."
"Lamini Lamini (members are called ""laminoids"") is a tribe of the subfamily Camelinae. It contains two extant genera with four species, all exclusively from South America: llamas, alpacas, vicuñas, and guanacos. The former two are domesticated species, while the latter two are only found in the wild. None display sexual dimorphism. The four species can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Additionally, there are two extinct genera known from the fossil record. The digestive system of lamoids allows them to digest certain toxins. Laminoids also lack a gallbladder. The alpaca, a domestic camelid, weighs between , while its height at the"
"Guanay cormorant The Guanay cormorant or Guanay shag (""Leucocarbo bougainvillii"") is a member of the cormorant family found on the Pacific coast of Peru and northern Chile. (The Argentinian population on the Patagonian Atlantic coast appears to be extirpated.) After breeding it spreads south to southern parts of Chile and north to Ecuador, and has also been recorded as far north as Panama and Colombia – probably a result of mass dispersal due to food shortage in El Niño years. Its major habitats include shallow seawater and rocky shores. The Guanay cormorant is similar in coloration to the rock cormorant,"
"Guinea pig The guinea pig or domestic guinea pig (""Cavia porcellus""), also known as cavy or domestic cavy, is a species of rodent belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus ""Cavia"". Despite their common name, these animals are not in the pig family Suidae, nor do they come from Guinea in Africa, and the origin of their name is still unclear; they originated in the Andes of South America and studies based on biochemistry and hybridization suggest they are domesticated descendants of a closely related species of cavy such as ""C. tschudii"", and therefore do not exist naturally in"
"population of guanaco and other species since prehistoric times. Cougars also prey on bear cubs. A pumapard is a hybrid animal resulting from a union between a puma and a leopard. Whether born to a female puma mated to a male leopard or to a male puma mated to a female leopard, pumapards inherit a form of dwarfism. Those reported grew to only half the size of the parents. They have a puma-like long body (proportional to the limbs, but nevertheless shorter than either parent), but short legs. The coat is variously described as sandy, tawny or greyish with brown,"
"nest or termitaria. The guaiabero was first described as ""Psittacus lunulatus"" by Tyrolean naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1786. The only member of its genus, it is distinctive. Four subspecies have been recognised. The nominate race ""lunulatus"" occurs on Luzon, birds on Leyte are darker with a more distinctive blue collar and some purple-tinge on the face and classified as subspecies ""intermedius"", those on Mindanao and Panaon have greener cheeks and are classified as subspecies ""mindanensis"", and finally those on Samar are similar to the Leyte subspecies, but with a more yellow tone overall and classified as ""callainipictus"". Guaiabero The"
"a high-pitched, bleating call. The male usually runs behind the herd to defend them. They can run at 56 km (35 mi) per hour, often over steep and rocky terrain. They are also excellent swimmers. A guanaco's typical lifespan is 20 to 25 years. Some guanacos live in the Atacama Desert, where in some areas it has not rained for over 50 years. A mountainous coastline running parallel to the desert enables them to survive in what are called ""fog oases"" or lomas. Where the cool water touches the hotter land, the air above the desert is cooled, creating a"
"Guineafowl Guineafowl (; sometimes called ""pet speckled hen"", or ""original fowl"") are birds of the family Numididae in the order Galliformes. They are endemic to Africa and rank among the oldest of the gallinaceous birds. Phylogenetically, they branch off from the core Galliformes after the Cracidae and before the Odontophoridae. An Eocene fossil lineage, ""Telecrex"", has been associated with guineafowl. ""Telecrex"" inhabited Mongolia, and may have given rise to the oldest of the true Phasianids such as ""Ithaginis"" and ""Crossoptilon"", which evolved into high-altitude montane-adapted species with the rise of the Tibetan Plateau. While modern guineafowl species are endemic to"
"guanaco, and smaller. A key distinguishing element of morphology is the better-developed incisor roots for the guanaco. The vicuña's long, woolly coat is tawny brown on the back, whereas the hair on the throat and chest is white and quite long. The head is slightly shorter than the guanaco's and the ears are slightly longer. The length of head and body ranges from 1.45 to 1.60 m (about 5 ft); shoulder height is from 75 to 85 cm (around 3 ft); its weight is from 35 to 65 kg (under 150 lb). To prevent poaching, a round-up is held every"
"Carabao The carabao () is a swamp-type domestic water buffalo (""Bubalus bubalis"") native to the Philippines. It has been declared as national animal of the Philippines due to its aid in the First Philippine Revolution. In modern times, the carabao's declaration as the national animal is justified by schools through its hard-working nature. Carabaos were also introduced to Guam from the Philippines in the 17th century. They have also acquired great cultural significance to native Guamanians and is considered as the unofficial national animal of Guam. In Malaysia, carabaos (known as kerbau in Malay) are also the official animal of"
"largest native animal on the reserve, the guanaco ""Lama guanicoe"". A cooperative of around 20 families, Cooperativa Payun Matru, live on the reserve. They round up the wild guanaco every year and shear the animals for their fur. The annual round up is monitored by the Wildlife Conservation Society, and wool and yarn are exported abroad. The area is covered by many small volcanoes, and the biggest are Payún Matrú, Payún Liso and Santa María. Volcanic ash forms a black terrain known as ""Pampas Negras"" (Spanish: ""Black Pampas""). The Grande River flows in the zone across volcanic rocks cracks. Reserva"
"Enterolobium cyclocarpum Enterolobium cyclocarpum, commonly known as guanacaste, caro caro, or elephant-ear tree, is a species of flowering tree in the pea family, Fabaceae, that is native to tropical regions of the Americas, from central Mexico south to northern Brazil (Roraima) and Venezuela. It is known for its large proportions, its expansive, often spherical crown, and its curiously shaped seedpods. The abundance of this tree, especially in Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica, where it is prized for the shady relief it provides from the intense sun, coupled with its immensity, have made it a widely recognized species. It is the national"
"islands in the Beaver Island Group The guanaco population, from 15 animals introduced in 1938-39, rapidly grew to around 275 by 1956, when culling began in order to replace them with sheep. By the early 1960s, they had been reduced to around 10-20 animals. The population oscillated between a few hundred and a few dozen, with repeated culling; as of 2004, the population had risen back to around 400 animals. Other introduced species in the 1930s included a pair of lesser rheas (known to Falklanders as ""ostriches"") and a number of Humboldt's hog-nosed skunks; the rheas did not establish themselves,"
"resides. Between 2007 and 2012, 13,200 guanacos were legally hunted in Tierra del Fuego. Guanacos are often found at high altitudes, up to 4,000 meters above sea level, except in Patagonia, where the southerly latitude means ice covers the vegetation at these altitudes. For guanacos to survive in the low oxygen levels found at these high altitudes, their blood is rich in red blood cells. A teaspoon of guanaco blood contains about 68 billion red blood cells – four times that of a human. Guanaco fiber is particularly prized for its soft, warm feel and is found in luxury fabric."
"North America. As of 2007, there were over seven million llamas and alpacas in South America, and due to importation from South America in the late 20th century, there are now over 158,000 llamas and 100,000 alpacas in the United States and Canada. Lamoids, or llamas (as they are more generally known as a group), consist of the vicuña (""Vicugna vicugna"", prev. ""Lama vicugna""), guanaco (""Lama guanicoe""), Suri alpaca, and Huacaya alpaca (""Vicugna pacos"", prev. ""Lama guanicoe pacos""), and the domestic llama (""Lama glama""). Guanacos and vicuñas live in the wild, while llamas and alpacas exist only as domesticated animals."
"shorter and broader, and are joined by the premaxilla. Vertebrae: Ears are rather long and pointed. No dorsal hump is present. Feet are narrow, the toes being more separated than in the camels, each having a distinct plantar pad. The tail is short, and the fur is long and woolly. The llama and alpaca are only known in the domestic state, and are variable in size and color, being often white, black, or piebald. The wild guanaco and vicuña are of a nearly uniform light-brown colour, passing into white below. The vicuña and guanaco share an obvious family resemblance and"
"Cracidae The chachalacas, guans and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae. These are species of tropical and subtropical Central and South America. One species, the plain chachalaca, just reaches southernmost Texas in the USA. Two species, the Trinidad piping guan and the rufous-vented chachalaca occur on the islands of Trinidad and Tobago respectively. The family Cracidae was introduced (as Craxia) by the French polymath Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1815. The Cracidae are an ancient group related to the Australasian mound-builders. They are sometimes united with these in a distinct order, ""Craciformes"", but this is not supported by more recent"