"the U.S. are Cornish and White Rock. Chickens raised specifically for food are called broilers. In the U.S., broilers are typically butchered at a young age. Modern Cornish Cross hybrids, for example, are butchered as early as 8 weeks for fryers and 12 weeks for roasting birds. Capons (castrated cocks) produce more and fattier meat. For this reason, they are considered a delicacy and were particularly popular in the Middle Ages. Chicken meat contains about two to three times as much polyunsaturated fat as most types of red meat when measured as weight percentage. Chicken generally includes low fat in"
"Castration Castration (also known as gonadectomy) is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which an individual loses use of the testicles. Surgical castration is bilateral orchiectomy (excision of both testes), and chemical castration uses pharmaceutical drugs to deactivate the testes. Castration causes sterilization (preventing the castrated person or animal from reproducing); it also greatly reduces the production of certain hormones, such as testosterone. Surgical castration in animals is often called neutering. The term ""castration"" is sometimes also used to refer to the removal of the ovaries in the female, otherwise known as an oophorectomy or, in animals, spaying. Estrogen"
"Capon A capon (from ) is a cockerel (rooster) that has been castrated to improve the quality of its flesh for food and, in some countries like Spain, fattened by forced feeding. In the United Kingdom, birds sold as capons are chemically or physically castrated cocks. The origins of caponised chickens are contested. They were known in ancient China as well as in ancient Greece and ancient Rome. An early record of caponisation is found under the Roman Republic: the Lex Faunia of 162 BC forbade fattening hens to conserve grain rations, so the Romans instead castrated roosters, which resulted"
"in female pets is often called spaying). Testicular cancer is rare in dogs, and also prostate problems are somewhat common in castrated male dogs when they get older. Neutered individuals have a much higher risk of developing prostate problems in comparison. Castrated male cats are more likely to develop an obstruction in their urethra, preventing them from urinating to some degree. A specialized vocabulary has arisen for neutered animals of given species: An incompletely castrated male in livestock species (horse and cattle) is known as a ""rig"". The term ""stag"" is used for a male animal castrated after the secondary"
"it to grow larger than normal. Castration Castration (also known as gonadectomy) is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which an individual loses use of the testicles. Surgical castration is bilateral orchiectomy (excision of both testes), and chemical castration uses pharmaceutical drugs to deactivate the testes. Castration causes sterilization (preventing the castrated person or animal from reproducing); it also greatly reduces the production of certain hormones, such as testosterone. Surgical castration in animals is often called neutering. The term ""castration"" is sometimes also used to refer to the removal of the ovaries in the female, otherwise known as an"
"is: Czubatka (ˈtʃubætkə). For centuries Poles kept their Czubatka domestic fowls in small farms scattered all over Polish territories. The full name of Polish chicken is 'Czubatka Staropolska' or 'Czubatka Dworska', where in Polish language 'Czubatka' simply indicates a hen or rooster with 'czub' (a tuft of feathers growing on top of the head), the word 'Staropolska' is an adjective meaning 'old-Polish' and the alternative nickname 'Dworska' is an adjective meaning 'court'. The Czubatka has multiple representations in Polish literature and art, and the Czubatka rooster is an iconic image symbolizing a country gentleman - character. To wind down, it"
"or not available (e.g., sudden death) to attend the ceremony. A red silk scarf is placed on the chicken's head and a close relative of the absent bride/groom holds the chicken so the ceremony may proceed. However, this practice is rare today. A cockatrice was supposed to have been born from an egg laid by a rooster, as well as killed by a rooster's call. An early domestication of chickens in Southeast Asia is probable, since the word for domestic chicken (""*manuk"") is part of the reconstructed Proto-Austronesian language . Chickens, together with dogs and pigs, were the domestic animals"
"Poularde Poularde is culinary term for a chicken that is at least 120 days old at the time of slaughter and fattened with a rich diet that delays egg production. In the past it was common to spay the chickens early in life to ensure desirable meat quality, similar to the castration of a capon. In France many varieties of poularde exist, including the Poularde de Bresse, the Poularde du Mans and the Poularde de Loué, which are generally protected by the AOC or Label Rouge certifications. The high price of these chickens meant that they were traditionally reserved for"
"Elastration Elastration (a portmanteau of ""elastic"" and ""castration"") is a bloodless method of male castration and docking commonly used for livestock. Elastration is simply banding the body part (scrotum or tail) until it drops off. This method is favored for its simplicity, low cost, and minimal training requirements. Elastration is the most common method used to castrate sheep and goats, but is also common in cattle. Elastration involves restraining the animal, without the need for anesthesia or sedation (unlike most other castration methods), in a position that provides access to the genitals. Special ""elastrator pliers"" are then used to place"
"holiday meals, such as Christmas feasts. Examples of protected certifications outside France include the Poularde de Bruxelles from Belgium, the Steierische Poularde from Austria, and the Poularde Den Dungen from the Netherlands. Poularde Poularde is culinary term for a chicken that is at least 120 days old at the time of slaughter and fattened with a rich diet that delays egg production. In the past it was common to spay the chickens early in life to ensure desirable meat quality, similar to the castration of a capon. In France many varieties of poularde exist, including the Poularde de Bresse, the"
"also called sheep marking in Australia. Elastration Elastration (a portmanteau of ""elastic"" and ""castration"") is a bloodless method of male castration and docking commonly used for livestock. Elastration is simply banding the body part (scrotum or tail) until it drops off. This method is favored for its simplicity, low cost, and minimal training requirements. Elastration is the most common method used to castrate sheep and goats, but is also common in cattle. Elastration involves restraining the animal, without the need for anesthesia or sedation (unlike most other castration methods), in a position that provides access to the genitals. Special ""elastrator"
"Chicken The chicken (""Gallus gallus domesticus"") is a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl. It is one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of more than 19 billion as of 2011. There are more chickens in the world than any other bird or domesticated fowl. Humans keep chickens primarily as a source of food (consuming both their meat and eggs) and, less commonly, as pets. Originally raised for cockfighting or for special ceremonies, chickens were not kept for food until the Hellenistic period (4th–2nd centuries BC). Genetic studies have pointed"
"Gelding A gelding is a castrated horse or other equine, such as a donkey or a mule. Castration, as well as the elimination of hormonally-driven behavior associated with a stallion, allows a male horse to be calmer and better-behaved, making the animal quieter, gentler and potentially more suitable as an everyday working animal. The gerund and participle ""gelding"" and the infinitive ""to geld"" refer to the castration procedure itself. The verb ""to geld"" comes from the Old Norse ""gelda"", from the adjective ""geldr"" (""barren""). The noun ""gelding"" is from the Old Norse ""geldingr"". The Scythians are thought to have been"
"Ox An ox (plural oxen), also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal or riding animal. Oxen are commonly castrated adult male cattle; castration makes the animals more docile. Cows (adult females) or bulls (intact males) may also be used in some areas. Oxen are used for plowing, for transport (pulling carts, hauling wagons and riding), for threshing grain by trampling, and for powering machines that grind grain or supply irrigation among other purposes. Oxen may be also used to skid logs in forests, particularly in low-impact, select-cut logging. Draft oxen"
"Greater prairie chicken The greater prairie chicken or pinnated grouse (""Tympanuchus cupido""), sometimes called a boomer, is a large bird in the grouse family. This North American species was once abundant, but has become extremely rare and extirpated over much of its range due to habitat loss. Conservation measures are underway to ensure the sustainability of existing small populations. One of the most famous aspects of these creatures is the mating ritual called booming. Adults of both sexes are medium to large chicken-like birds, stocky with round-wings. They have short tails which are typically rounded and blue in color. Adult"
"ovaries are broken down and the blood vessels are ligated and both organs are removed. The body wall, subcutis, and skin are sutured. To castrate (medical term: orchiectomy) is to remove the testicles of a male animal. Different techniques are used depending on the type of animal, including ligation of the spermatic cord with suture material, placing a rubber band around the cord to restrict blood flow to the testes, or crushing the cord with a specialized instrument like the Burdizzo. Neutering is usually performed to prevent breeding, prevent unwanted behavior, or decrease risk of future medical problems. Neutering is"
"Australia to a draught animal. Usage of these terms varies considerably with area and dialect. Colloquially, people unfamiliar with cattle may refer to both castrated and intact animals as ""bulls"". A wild, young, unmarked bull is known as a ""micky"" in Australia. Improper or late castration on a bull results in it becoming a ""coarse steer"", also known as a ""stag"" in Australia, Canada and New Zealand. In some countries an incompletely castrated male is known also as a ""rig"" or ""ridgling"". The word ""bull"" also denotes the males of other bovines, including bison and water buffalo as well as"
"Poultry Poultry () are domesticated birds kept by humans for their eggs, their meat or their feathers. These birds are most typically members of the superorder Galloanserae (fowl), especially the order Galliformes (which includes chickens, quails, and turkeys). Poultry also includes other birds that are killed for their meat, such as the young of pigeons (known as squabs) but does not include similar wild birds hunted for sport or food and known as game. The word ""poultry"" comes from the French/Norman word ""poule"", itself derived from the Latin word ""pullus"", which means small animal. The domestication of poultry took place"
"Classico is a black rooster. A black cockerel was believed in medieval times to be a symbol of witchcraft along with the black cat, with the rooster ""used as symbols of either virtue or vice"" until modern times. Rooster A rooster, also known as a cockerel or cock, is an adult male gallinaceous bird, usually an adult male chicken (""Gallus gallus domesticus""). Mature male chickens less than one year old are called cockerels. The term ""rooster"" originates in the United States, and the term is widely used throughout North America, as well as Australia and New Zealand. The older terms"
"Cattle mutilation Cattle mutilation (also known as bovine excision and unexplained livestock death) is the killing and mutilation of cattle under unusual, usually bloodless and anomalous circumstances. Worldwide, sheep, horses, goats, pigs, rabbits, cats, dogs, bison, deer and elk have been reported mutilated with similar bloodless excisions; often an ear, eyeball, jaw flesh, tongue, lymph nodes, genitals and rectum are removed. Since the first reports of animal mutilations, various explanations have been offered, ranging from natural decomposition and normal predation to cults and secretive governmental and military agencies, to a range of speculations, including cryptid predators (like the Chupacabra) and"
"Rooster A rooster, also known as a cockerel or cock, is an adult male gallinaceous bird, usually an adult male chicken (""Gallus gallus domesticus""). Mature male chickens less than one year old are called cockerels. The term ""rooster"" originates in the United States, and the term is widely used throughout North America, as well as Australia and New Zealand. The older terms ""cock"" or ""cockerel"", the latter denoting a young cock, are used in the United Kingdom and Ireland. ""Roosting"" is the action of perching aloft to sleep at day, which is done by both sexes. The rooster is polygamous,"
"Neutering Neutering, from the Latin ""neuter"" ('of neither sex'), is the removal of an animal's reproductive organ, either all of it or a considerably large part. ""Neutering"" is often used incorrectly to refer only to male animals, but the term actually applies to both sexes. The male-specific term is castration, while spaying is usually reserved for female animals. Colloquially, both terms are often referred to as fixing. In male horses, castrating is referred to as ""gelding"". Modern veterinary practice tends to use the term de-sexing. Neutering is the most common method for the sterilization of animals. Humane societies, animal shelters,"
"Calf A calf (plural, calves) is the young of domestic cattle. Calves are reared to become adult cattle, or are slaughtered for their meat, called veal, and for their calfskin. The term ""calf"" is also used for some other species. See ""Other animals"" below. ""Calf"" is the term used from birth to weaning, when it becomes known as a ""weaner"" or ""weaner calf"", though in some areas the term ""calf"" may be used until the animal is a yearling. The birth of a calf is known as ""calving"". A calf that has lost its mother is an orphan calf, also"
"Broiler A broiler (""Gallus gallus domesticus"") is any chicken that is bred and raised specifically for meat production. Many typical broilers have white feathers and yellowish skin. Most commercial broilers reach slaughter-weight between four and seven weeks of age, although slower growing breeds reach slaughter-weight at approximately 14 weeks of age. Due to extensive breeding selection for rapid early growth and the husbandry used to sustain this, broilers are susceptible to several welfare concerns, particularly skeletal malformation and dysfunction, skin and eye lesions and congestive heart conditions. Management of ventilation, housing, stocking density and in-house procedures must be evaluated regularly"
"Burdizzo The Burdizzo is a castration device which employs a large clamp designed to break the blood vessels leading into the testicles. Once the blood supply to the testicles is lost, testicular necrosis occurs, and the testicles shrink, soften, and eventually deteriorate completely. When the device is used, the operator crushes the spermatic cords one at a time, leaving a space in between in order to prevent an interruption of blood-flow to the scrotum. The burdizzo is used primarily on farm animals such as cattle and sheep. For example, pampered cattle, used for Kobe beef, are often castrated by this"
"and all types of chickens including bantams. In colloquial speech, the term ""fowl"" is often used near-synonymously with ""domesticated chicken"" (""Gallus gallus""), or with ""poultry"" or even just ""bird"", and many languages do not distinguish between ""poultry"" and ""fowl"". Both words are also used for the flesh of these birds. Poultry can be distinguished from ""game"", defined as wild birds or mammals hunted for food or sport, a word also used to describe the flesh of these when eaten. Chickens are medium-sized, chunky birds with an upright stance and characterised by fleshy red combs and wattles on their heads. Males,"
"Crested chickens Crested chickens are a special ornamental group of chicken breeds, which are characterised by a tuft (""crest"") of elongated feathers on the head. Excavations in England have proved the presence of crested chicken in Roman times. The first pictures of these animals can be found on Dutch rural paintings of the 17th century. After the exhibition poultry breeding developed in Europe and North-America in the 19th century, several old crested breeds became widely known. Original crested chickens originate from the Netherlands, France, Italy, Poland, Russia and in the Western Balkans. Apart from these breeds, crested chicken are found"
"sacrificial offerings. The Chinese language term used for ""ox"" is rather non-specific. It can refer to a male, castrate or not, or to a female, young or old, of various species of the bovine family which have been domesticated for use as draft animals, with their strength being harnessed for various purposes, especially carting loads and various types of farm work, such as plowing. ""Niú"" also can be construed as singular or plural. However, male cattle used for hard labor are often castrated in order to make them more tractable, as well as providing better quality meat when finally consumed."
"a species); or to reduce other consequences of sexual behavior that may make animal husbandry more difficult, such as boundary/fence/enclosure destruction when attempting to get to nearby females of the species. Male horses are usually castrated (gelded) using emasculators, because stallions are rather aggressive and troublesome. The same applies to male mules, although they are sterile. Male cattle are castrated to improve fattening and docility in feedlots or for use as oxen. Breeding individuals are kept entire and used for breeding: they may fetch higher prices when sold. Livestock may be castrated when used for food to increase growth or"
"hatch first; this causes the prairie chickens to leave the nest thinking that the young have hatched. In reality the eggs did not hatch and the young usually die because the mother is not there to incubate the eggs. Greater prairie chicken The greater prairie chicken or pinnated grouse (""Tympanuchus cupido""), sometimes called a boomer, is a large bird in the grouse family. This North American species was once abundant, but has become extremely rare and extirpated over much of its range due to habitat loss. Conservation measures are underway to ensure the sustainability of existing small populations. One of"
"caged systems. Countries such as Austria, Belgium or Germany are planning to ban furnished cages until 2025 additionally to the already banned conventional cages. Meat chickens, commonly called broilers, are floor-raised on litter such as wood shavings, peanut shells, and rice hulls, indoors in climate-controlled housing. Under modern farming methods, meat chickens reared indoors reach slaughter weight at 5 to 9 weeks of age, as they have been selectively bred to do so. In the first week of a broiler’s life, it can grow up to 300 percent of its body size. A nine-week-old broiler averages over 9 pounds in"
"sedated and after local anesthetic has been applied), while others, like dogs and cats, are anesthetised and recumbent when surgically castrated with a pre-scrotal incision in the case of dogs, or a pre-scrotal or scrotal incision used for cats. In veterinary practice an ""open"" castration refers to a castration in which the inguinal tunic is incised and not sutured. A ""closed"" castration refers to when the procedure is performed so that the inguinal tunic is sutured together after incision. Some parasitic nematodes chemically castrate their hosts. For example, ""Microphallus pseudopygmaeus"" chemically castrates its host, the snail ""Onoba aculeus"", and causes"
"Cannulated cow A cannulated cow or ""fistulated cow"" refers to a cow that has been surgically fitted with a cannula. A cannula acts as a porthole-like device that allows access to the rumen of a cow, to perform research and analysis of the digestive system. The practice can be traced back to as early as the 1920s. A forage analysis can take place due to the access of the rumen through a cannula. Once the cannula is surgically placed in the cow, a cow is then allowed to graze for a certain period of time. Once the allotted time is"