"management, anxiety, and depression. Over the long term, distress can lead to diminished health and/or increased propensity to illness; to avoid this, stress must be managed. Stress management encompasses techniques intended to equip a person with effective coping mechanisms for dealing with psychological stress, with stress defined as a person's physiological response to an internal or external stimulus that triggers the fight-or-flight response. Stress management is effective when a person uses strategies to cope with or alter stressful situations. There are several ways of coping with stress, such as controlling the source of stress or learning to set limits and"
"letter plates, locks, hinges, hooks, cabinet fittings and window furniture. There has even been renewed use of “blacksmith nails” – four-sided hand-made rosehead nails. This is typical of a trend that has seen greater appreciation of designs that have stood the test of time, that has allowed hand-forged ironmongery to find a much wider application than use in property restoration – although the practice of incorporating traditional ironmongery into contemporary housing has been helped by thoroughly modern techniques like galvanising and powder coating to inhibit rust. In some areas, ""ironmonger"" is also slang for an arms dealer, giving rise to"
"gemstone, refers to a cat's eye chrysoberyl. It is also used as an adjective which indicates the chatoyance phenomenon in another stone, e.g., cat's eye aquamarine. Chatoyancy in wood occurs in various species – particularly hardwoods, and particularly where stresses from the weight of the growing tree result in denser patches, or where stresses cause burl or ""bird’s eye"". This ‘figure’, which has a striking three-dimensional appearance, is highly prized by woodworkers and their clients alike, and is featured regularly in furniture, musical instruments, and other decorative wood products. Figuring takes on a variety of forms and is referred to"
"times simple, but some of considerable complexity, and then arranging the resulting stones, often together with mortar, to form structures. The basic tools, methods and skills of the banker mason have existed as a trade for thousands of years. The modern stonemason undergoes comprehensive training, both in the classroom and in the working environment. Hands-on skill is complemented by intimate knowledge of each stone type, its application and best uses, and how to work and fix each stone in place. The mason may be skilled and competent to carry out one or all of the various branches of stonemasonry. In"
"for them of ""St Peter's keys"". This has frequently been represented allegorically, drawing the name of ""St Peter"" as ""the Rock on which I shall found my Church"" into an allegory between the fabric of a church building and the community of the church itself. Some illustrations of St Peter even show him carrying a bunch of keys which appear to have no wards. These aren't keys in the lock-making sense, but in this sense of stonemasonry. The external lewis, kerb lifter or slab lifter is a type of lifting device used in the stonemasonry trade since Medieval times. The"
"produce rubble or pinnings or snecks. Stonemasons use a lewis together with a crane or block and tackle to hoist building stones into place. Today power tools such as compressed-air chisels, abrasive spinners and angle grinders are much used: these save time and money, but are hazardous and require just as much skill as the hand tools that they augment. But many of the basic tools of stonemasonry have remained virtually the same throughout vast amounts of time, even thousands of years, for instance when comparing chisels that can be bought today with chisels found at the pyramids of Giza"
"it. For general use, conventional residual stress relaxation methodologies are recommended. Historically, the first type of stress relief was performed on castings by storing them outside for months or even years. This was referred to as ""curing"", a term used for long-term storage of freshly hewn wood. Fresh castings were referred to as being green, meaning, they were prone to distortion during precision machining, just as ""green"" wood bows during cutting. Later, thermal stress relief (TSR) was developed to alleviate the lengthy time requirements of curing. It has been known for many years, however, that TSR has limitations or shortcomings,"
"form of masonry, whereas stonemasonry is a specialist occupation involved in the cutting and shaping of stones and stonework. Bricklaying may also enjoyed as a hobby. For example, Winston Churchill did bricklaying as a hobby. Bricklayers occasionally enter competitions where both speed and accuracy are judged. The largest is the ""Spec-Mix Bricklayer 500"" held annually in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA. Bricklaying and masonry are ancient professions that even centuries later require modern training. Masons must attend trade school and/or serve apprenticeships requiring they demonstrate they know how to protect homes from humidity or water ingress, know about thermal insulation, and"
"in boats and ships, industrial flooring, roofing (as shingles), fine indoor and outdoor furniture, coffin wood (esteemed by Chinese due to ability to withstand rot and insect attack) and tool handles (especially those exposed to continual high impact (the wood does not splinter and thus injure hands, eyes or endanger the operator on catastrophic failure) such as shovels, axes, block splitters, sledge hammers, heavy mallets, demolition hammers, mattocks, picks, hoes and hammers). Some expert cabinet-makers treasure an ""ulin""-headed carpenter's mallet as an excellent intermediate density hammer face between the usual wood and a metal one and is able to quite"
"the great metaphors of Western life. Focus grew on stress in certain settings, such as workplace stress, and stress management techniques were developed. The term also became a euphemism, a way of referring to problems and eliciting sympathy without being explicitly confessional, just ""stressed out"". It came to cover a huge range of phenomena from mild irritation to the kind of severe problems that might result in a real breakdown of health. In popular usage, almost any event or situation between these extremes could be described as stressful. The American Psychological Association's 2015 Stress In America Study found that nationwide"
"stress may negatively impact health, and has been cited as a factor in cognitive impairment with aging, depressive illness, and expression of disease. Stress management is the application of methods to either reduce stress or increase tolerance to stress. Relaxation techniques are physical methods used to relieve stress. Psychological methods include cognitive therapy, meditation, and positive thinking, which work by reducing response to stress. Improving relevant skills, such as problem solving and time management skills, reduces uncertainty and builds confidence, which also reduces the reaction to stress-causing situations where those skills are applicable. In addition to safety risks, many jobs"
"later adopted in less prestigious buildings once timber framing was supplanted by masonry construction. Galleting Galleting, sometimes known as garreting or garneting, is an architectural technique in which spalls (small pieces of stone) are pushed into wet mortar joints during the construction of a masonry building. The term comes from the French word ""galet"", which means ""pebble."" In general, the word ""galleting"" refers to the practice while the word ""gallet"" refers to the spall. Galleting was mostly used in England, where it was common in South East England and the county of Norfolk. Galleting is mainly used in stone masonry"
"these problems. The workers who perform this task are called chimney sweeps or steeplejacks. This work used to be done largely by child labour, and as such features in Victorian literature. In the Middle Ages in some parts of Europe, a crow-stepped gable design was developed, partly to provide access to chimneys without use of ladders. Masonry (brick) chimneys have also proven to be particularly prone to crumbling during an earthquake. Government housing authorities in cities prone to earthquakes such as San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego now recommend building new homes with stud-framed chimneys around a metal flue."
"defined as ""a response aimed at diminishing the physical, emotional, and psychological burden that is linked to stressful life events and daily hassles"" It is found that proper coping strategies will reduce the burden of short-term stress and will help relieve long-term stress. Stress can be reduced by building resources that inhibit or buffer future challenges. For some people, these effective resources could be physiological, psychological or social. Terror management theory maintains that people suffer cognitive dissonance (anxiety) when they are reminded of their inevitable death. Through terror management, individuals are motivated to seek consonant elements – symbols which make"
"both for ore layer and layer in a blast furnace), and ""schlif"" (German Schliff) (the grinding or cutting of a stone) fall into this category. Terms from chess are ""Zugzwang"" ""цугцванг"", ""Zeitnot"" ""цейтнот"", ""Endspiel"" ""эндшпиль"" (endgame), Mittelspiel"" ""мительшпиль"" (middlegame), ""Grossmeister"" ""(гроссмейстер) (grandmaster). Modern expressions are ""Strichcode"" ""штрихкод"" (barcode), ""Butterbrot"" ""бутерброд"", and even ""Brandmauer"", for which in German the English expression is used. ""Schram"" ""Шрам"" is a scar and originates from the German word ""Schramme"" (scratch, scar). A ""schtolnja"" ""штольня"" (German ""Stollen"") is an adit. A ""schpagat"" ""шпагат"" (German spelling Spagat) is a Split (gymnastics), ""schpinat"" ""шпинат"" (German spelling Spinat) spinach"
"English ""destresse"", derived via Old French from the Latin ""stringere"", ""to draw tight"". The word had long been in use in physics to refer to the internal distribution of a force exerted on a material body, resulting in strain. In the 1920s and '30s, biological and psychological circles occasionally used the term to refer to a mental strain or to a harmful environmental agent that could cause illness. Walter Cannon used it in 1926 to refer to external factors that disrupted what he called homeostasis. But ""...stress as an explanation of lived experience is absent from both lay and expert"
"Honyaki Honyaki (literally true-fired) is the name for the Japanese traditional method of construction most often seen in kitchen knives (but also other tools) of forging a blade in technique most similar to the tradition of nihonto from a single piece of high-carbon steel covered with clay to yield upon quench a soft, resilient spine, a hamon (or temper line), and hard, sharp edge. Honyaki as a term alone can refer to either mizu honyaki (water-quench) or abura honyaki (oil quench). The goal is to produce a sharper, longer lasting edge than is usually achievable with the lamination method. The"
"has been taken as a carpentry-image by some Christian commentators. The suggested term ""naggar"" ""craftsman"" is not found in biblical Aramaic or Hebrew, or in Aramaic documents of the New Testament period, but is found in later Talmudic texts where the term ""craftsman"" is used as a metaphor for a skilled handler of the word of God. Tektōn The Ancient Greek noun tektōn (τέκτων) is a common term for an artisan/craftsman, in particular a carpenter, wood-worker, mason, builder or teacher. The term is frequently contrasted with an iron-worker, or smith (χαλκεύς) and the stone-worker or mason (λιθολόγος, λαξευτής). The characteristic"
"Frame and panel Frame and panel construction, also called rail and stile, is a woodworking technique often used in the making of doors, wainscoting, and other decorative features for cabinets, furniture, and homes. The basic idea is to capture a 'floating' panel within a sturdy frame, as opposed to techniques used in making a slab solid wood cabinet door or drawer front, the door is constructed of several solid wood pieces running in a vertical or horizontal direction with exposed endgrains. Usually, the panel is not glued to the frame but is left to 'float' within it so that seasonal"
"Tektōn The Ancient Greek noun tektōn (τέκτων) is a common term for an artisan/craftsman, in particular a carpenter, wood-worker, mason, builder or teacher. The term is frequently contrasted with an iron-worker, or smith (χαλκεύς) and the stone-worker or mason (λιθολόγος, λαξευτής). The characteristic Ancient Greek distinction between the general worker or wood-worker and the stonemason and the metal-worker occurs frequently in the Septuagint: The distinction occurs in lists of workmen working on building or repairs to the temple in Jerusalem, for example in the repairs carried out under the priest Jehoiada and ""the carpenters and builders, that wrought upon the"
"blacksmiths of old. Categories: Stonemasonry The craft of stonemasonry (or stonecraft) involves creating buildings, structures, and sculpture using stone from the earth, and is one of the oldest trades in human history. These materials have been used to construct many of the long-lasting, ancient monuments, artifacts, cathedrals, and cities in a wide variety of cultures. Famous works of stonemasonry include the Egyptian Pyramids, the Taj Mahal, Cusco's Incan Wall, Easter Island's statues, Angkor Wat, Borobudur, Tihuanaco, Tenochtitlan, Persepolis, the Parthenon, Stonehenge, Great Wall of China, Chartres Cathedral, and Pumapunku. Masonry is the craft of shaping rough pieces of rock into"
"Galleting Galleting, sometimes known as garreting or garneting, is an architectural technique in which spalls (small pieces of stone) are pushed into wet mortar joints during the construction of a masonry building. The term comes from the French word ""galet"", which means ""pebble."" In general, the word ""galleting"" refers to the practice while the word ""gallet"" refers to the spall. Galleting was mostly used in England, where it was common in South East England and the county of Norfolk. Galleting is mainly used in stone masonry buildings constructed out of sandstone or flint. The technique varies depending on which of"
"Vibratory stress relief Vibratory Stress Relief, often abbreviated VSR, is a non-thermal stress relief method used by the metal working industry to enhance the dimensional stability and mechanical integrity of castings, forgings, and welded components, chiefly for two categories of these metal workpieces: These stresses are called ""residual stresses"", because they reside within the metal workpiece. Residual stresses are caused by rapid, unequal cooling as opposed to the stresses caused by external loading. This unequal cooling occurs during welding, casting, forging, rough machining or hot rolling. These stresses often lead to distortion or warping of the structure during machining, assembly,"
"accented stress. Different traditions and genres of poetry tend to use different meters, ranging from the Shakespearean iambic pentameter and the Homeric dactylic hexameter to the anapestic tetrameter used in many nursery rhymes. However, a number of variations to the established meter are common, both to provide emphasis or attention to a given foot or line and to avoid boring repetition. For example, the stress in a foot may be inverted, a caesura (or pause) may be added (sometimes in place of a foot or stress), or the final foot in a line may be given a feminine ending to"
"Stonemasonry The craft of stonemasonry (or stonecraft) involves creating buildings, structures, and sculpture using stone from the earth, and is one of the oldest trades in human history. These materials have been used to construct many of the long-lasting, ancient monuments, artifacts, cathedrals, and cities in a wide variety of cultures. Famous works of stonemasonry include the Egyptian Pyramids, the Taj Mahal, Cusco's Incan Wall, Easter Island's statues, Angkor Wat, Borobudur, Tihuanaco, Tenochtitlan, Persepolis, the Parthenon, Stonehenge, Great Wall of China, Chartres Cathedral, and Pumapunku. Masonry is the craft of shaping rough pieces of rock into accurate geometrical shapes, at"
"of paint speckled over wood grain underneath. This becomes the ""finished"" piece. Distressing has become a popular design style and decorative art form. The artisan attempts a rustic, attractive, one-of-a-kind appearance or vintage look. The final appearance is often called the patina. Distressing can be applied to a variety of surfaces and materials such as wood, glass, metal, plastic, stone, concrete, plaster, and paint. Solid pine furniture in particular is one of the most ideal furniture types to apply distressing to. The Shabby chic style has made both distressing and antiquing popular. The technique is sometimes applied to electric guitars,"
"to say ""no"" to some of the demands that bosses or family members may make. A person's capacity to tolerate the source of stress may be increased by thinking about another topic such as a hobby, listening to music, or spending time in a wilderness. A way to control stress is first dealing with what is causing the stress if it is something the individual has control over. Other methods to control stress and reduce it can be: to not procrastinate and leave tasks for last minute, do things you like, exercise, do breathing routines, go out with friends, and"
"syllables of a word, with some rare exceptions at the fourth-last or earlier syllables. The ""tendencies"" of stress assignment are as follows: In addition to the many exceptions to these tendencies, there are numerous minimal pairs that contrast solely on stress such as ('sheet') and ('savannah'); ('boundary'), ('[that] he/she limits') and ('I limited'); ('liquid'), ('I sell off') and ('he/she sold off'). The orthographic system unambiguously reflects where the stress occurs: in the absence of an accent mark, the stress falls on the last syllable unless the last letter is , , or a vowel, in which cases the stress falls"
"Woodworking Woodworking is the activity or skill of making items from wood, and includes cabinet making (cabinetry and furniture), wood carving, joinery, carpentry, and woodturning. Along with stone, clay and animal parts, wood was one of the first materials worked by early humans. Microwear analysis of the Mousterian stone tools used by the Neanderthals show that many were used to work wood. The development of civilization was closely tied to the development of increasingly greater degrees of skill in working these materials. Among early finds of wooden tools are the worked sticks from Kalambo Falls, Clacton-on-Sea and Lehringen. The spears"
"known as a dudgeon. Although one ""in high dudgeon"" is indignant and enraged, and while the image of a dagger held high, ready to plunge into an enemy, has a certain appeal, lexicographers have no real evidence as to the origin of the phrase. Due to its high density and resistance to chipping, boxwood is a relatively economical material, and has been used to make parts for various stringed instruments since antiquity. It is mostly used to make tailpieces, chin rests and tuning pegs, but may be used for a variety of other parts as well. Other woods used for"
"Woodcraft The term woodcraft — or woodlore — denotes skills and experience in matters relating to living and thriving in the woods—such as hunting, fishing, and camping—whether on a short- or long-term basis. Traditionally, woodcraft pertains to subsistence lifestyles, with implications of hunting-gathering. In more recent times, and in developed countries, it relates more to either outdoor recreationalism or survivalism. Whether traditional or modern, ""woodcraft"" may be roughly equated to the phrase ""living off the land"". A partial list of recreational woodcraft techniques might include knowledge of wildlife behavior, identifying and utilizing wild plants and animals (especially for food), camp"
"be determined by rhythmic factors so that one word will have different stress in different contexts, such as áĝadax̂ compared to àĝádax̂, both meaning 'arrow'. In Atkan and Attuan Aleut, stronger stress more commonly falls on the first syllable. However, long vowels, sonorants, etc. have similar effects on stress as in Eastern Aleut. For example, qánáang 'how many' vs qánang 'where'; ùĝálux̂ 'spear' vs álaĝux̂ 'sea'. Stress may also be expressive, as with exclamations or polite requests. Stronger stress falls on the last syllable and is accompanied by a lengthening of a short vowel. For example, kúufyax̂ àqakúx̂""! 'coffee is"
"Eigenstrain The word ""eigenstrain"" was introduced by T. Mura on the basis of the German words ""Eigenspannungen"" and ""Eigenspannungsquellen"". In the field of continuum mechanics, an eigenstrain is a kind of strain (deformation) produced without external forces (stress-free). Thermal expansion and phase changes are eigenstrains. An eigenstrain can produce a self-equilibrated stress field called ""eigenstress"". As an example, if a piece of metal is not uniformly heated, the inhomogeneity of the thermal expansion (the incompatibility of the eigenstrain) induces stresses in the metal, without external forces: the eigenstress. A bimetal is used to estimate the temperature thanks to the deformation"