"persists after flowering, but instead of withering, begins to grow until it forms a bladder-like enclosure around the fruit. This is an effective protection against some kinds of birds and insects, for example in ""Hibiscus trionum"" and the Cape gooseberry. Morphologically, both sepals and petals are modified leaves. The calyx (the sepals) and the corolla (the petals) are the outer sterile whorls of the flower, which together form what is known as the ""perianth"". The term ""tepal"" is usually applied when the parts of the perianth are difficult to distinguish, e.g. the petals and sepals share the same color, or"
"Some are herbaceous plants; others have woody rootstocks. The leaves of most species are somewhat hairy and partly divided into lobes, but a few are smooth and some species have simple leaves. The flowers are borne on inflorescences in the form of heads; each head contains many small florets, each floret cupped in a membranous, saucer-shaped bract. The calyx has five sepals in the form of awns almost as long as the petals. After the flowers have dropped, the calyces together with the bracts form a spiky ball that may be the reason for the ""pincushion"" common name. The calyx"
"spreading, ascending, or erect, together forming a tube-, bell- or urn-shaped calyx. Each flower has four petals, set alternating with the sepals, although in some species these are rudimentary or absent. They may be differentiated into a blade and a claw or not, and consistently lack basal appendages. The blade is entire or has an indent at the tip, and may sometimes be much smaller than the claws. The mostly six stamens are set in two whorls: usually the two lateral, outer ones are shorter than the four inner stamens, but very rarely the stamens can all have the same"
"long and just a few millimeters wide. The generic name is derived from the Greek words ""χεῖλος"", (""cheilos""), meaning ""lip,"" and ""ὄψις"" (""opsis""), meaning ""resembling,"" referring to the flowers. They occur in a terminal panicle or raceme, blooming in May through September. About two to four flowers at a time are open in each inflorescence. The calyx is about 8–14 mm, slightly inflated, and varying shades of purple, while the corolla is 2–5 cm, and with colors ranging from lavender to light pink. The throat and lower lip has a pattern of yellow ridges and purple lines, and the margins"
"usually tall, occasionally shorter or up to . The first one or two leaves consist only of sheaths; the remaining 5–8(–11) leaves have curved (falcate) blades mainly long by wide (although lengths and widths outside this range are also found). The sheaths sometimes have small 'ears' (auriculate) at the junction of the blade and sheath, where there is also a small ligule, extending to about . The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike (inflorescence) is held within the leaves. The bracts which subtend the flowers are more or less the same length as the calyx. Each flower has the typical"
"flowering stalks rising 3 feet (91.4 cm) above the plant. The 6-12 inch (15 to 30 cm) leaves, with long petioles, have distinct veins on the underside. The inflorescence is branched, with widely spaced whorls of flowers opening a few at once. The 1 inch (2.54 cm) flowers are fat, with an unusual purple-red or red-brown color. The calyx is hairy and glandular, red-brown and two-lipped. It is usually seen only in botanical gardens, though seeds have become available for gardeners since the 1980s. Botanists have segregated the species into four varieties, distinguished by leaf shape and differences in the"
"the term hemicyclic may be used. The suffix -cyclic is used to denote the number of whorls contained within a flower. The most common case is the pentacyclic flower, which contains five whorls: a calyx, a corolla, two whorls of stamens, and a single whorl of carpels. Another common case is the tetracyclic flower, which contains only one whorl of stamens, and therefore only four whorls in total. Tricyclic flowers also occur, generally where there is a single undifferentiated perianth. Flowers with more than five whorls are also not uncommon. The greatest variation occurs in the calyx and the androecium."
"the Greek κάλυξ (""kalyx""), a bud, a calyx, a husk or wrapping, (cf Sanskrit ""kalika"", a bud) while ""calix"" derived from the Greek κυλιξ (""kylix""), a cup or goblet, and the words have been used interchangeably in botanical Latin. After flowering, most plants have no more use for the calyx which withers or becomes vestigial. Some plants retain a thorny calyx, either dried or live, as protection for the fruit or seeds. Examples include species of ""Acaena"", some of the Solanaceae (for example the Tomatillo, ""Physalis philadelphica""), and the water caltrop, ""Trapa natans"". In some species the calyx not only"
"The calyx consists of five sepals which are yellowish, apricot or blue-grey and sometimes tinged with purple, with triangular equal size lobes (8–13×4–8 mm), with a slender spur of 12–20 mm long, with a narrow base. The petals are a compromised yellow, pinkish yellow, orange-yellow or dark yellow with purple veins and have a more or less red-purplish staining on back of lobes. The petals consist of a claw and plate (or lamina) and the upper two have an almost elliptical lamina, with a blunt tip and wavy margins, each about 12–17×5–12 mm, while the lower three have longer claws,"
"holding the whole inflorescence is called a peduncle and the major axis (incorrectly referred to as the main stem) holding the flowers or more branches within the inflorescence is called the rachis. The stalk of each single flower is called a pedicel. A flower that is not part of an inflorescence is called a solitary flower and its stalk is also referred to as a peduncle. Any flower in an inflorescence may be referred to as a floret, especially when the individual flowers are particularly small and borne in a tight cluster, such as in a pseudanthium. The fruiting stage"
"four kinds of structures attached to the tip of a short stalk. Each of these kinds of parts is arranged in a whorl on the receptacle. The four main whorls (starting from the base of the flower or lowest node and working upwards) are as follows: Collectively the calyx and corolla form the perianth (see diagram). Although the arrangement described above is considered ""typical"", plant species show a wide variation in floral structure. These modifications have significance in the evolution of flowering plants and are used extensively by botanists to establish relationships among plant species. The four main parts of"
"wide, that is topped by a crest of more or less upright, smallish green leaves. Each flower head sits in the axil of an plain green leaf standing out horizontally. Each flower head contains as many as 25–35 individual flowers, while those lower down usually contain the fewest flowers. The bracts that encircle the flower heads are tightly overlapping. The bracts in the outer whorl are oval with a blunt tip, later slightly spade-shaped, 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.08–0.12 in) wide, covered in dense woolly hairs at the base, rounded, thickened, and eventually hairless at the"
"apex. The leaves are opposite, sessile and rather crowded. They are fairly thick, slightly leathery and bluntly linear to narrowly cuneate Some of the flowers may be solitary, while some are borne in inflorescences in the form of lax cymes, borne ly or in the axils of upper leaves. The calyx has five lobes fitting loosely round the base of the corolla. The tube is short and campanulate, with an annular, crenulate disk inside at the base. The calyx lobes oblong and mucronate, without a dorsal keel. The corolla is a vibrant candy pink, or rarely white, setting off the"
"is mildly indented at the nodes. The leaves are membranaceous and have connate bases and have a mildly pubescent underside. The calyx of the flowers is about 3 mm long, five-lobed, and tubular. Nerves in the calyx extend beyond the lobes to form teeth. The posterior nerve is always shortest. The corolla is formed of fused petals that spread open at the end, and is just a little longer than the calyx. The flower possesses reproductive organs of both sexes. The ovary is superior and bicarpellary. The fruit is a schizocarp, a type of dry fruit that splits when mature."
"flowers are borne singly. The calyx has sepals that are broadly ovate, long and wide at the base, joined only for the first . The sepal margins curve outwards along about a third or half their length. The flowers have five petals, joined at the base to form a tube long, whitish at the base and pinkish-red to red towards the end. The free lobes at the end of the petals bend outwards. There are two prominent folds (plicae) running along the length of the base of the flower tube, bearing numerous yellow hairs long. There are four fertile stamens,"
"(lacking hairs and glands) to pubescent (hairy) or stellate (with star-shaped hairs) below and are finely stellate above. The leaves are somewhat thick and fleshy with long petioles (leaf stalks). The leaves are dimorphic (have two forms) with the lower (basal) leaves having more shallow lobes. The flowers have light- to deep pink petals 1 to 2 centimeters (0.4 to 0.8 inch) long. The flowers are borne on stalks ranging from 1 to 10 millimeters (0.04 to 0.4 inch) in length. The calyx (outer whorl of floral parts) ranges from uniformly finely stellate to bristly with a mixture of longer,"
"and usually face upward. They are large compared to the rest of the plant, 2 to 3mm in diameter with male and female parts both present and functional. The calyx consists of five broad, often unequal sepals that are joined in the lower part to form a floral cup that encloses the lower half of the ovary and is thickened along its fissures to form five ribs. The sepals persist beyond the maturity of the fruit. The petals are scale-like, white and barely visible, on the rim of the floral cup between the sepals, or sometimes absent. They die but"
"branch or stem or at an angle from where the leaf joins the stem and have bracts. Often with this family, bisexual and male flowers occur on some plants, and bisexual and female flowers are on others, or flowers have both stamens and pistils (perfect). A calyx with three to seven cleft sepals and the same number of petals, occasionally no petals, overlap each other in the bud. Stamens are twice as many or equal to the number of petals, inserted at the base of the fleshy ring or cup-shaped disk, and inserted below the pistil(s). Stamen stalks are separate,"
"Petal Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla. Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals, that collectively form the ""calyx"" and lie just beneath the corolla. The calyx and the corolla together make up the perianth. When the petals and sepals of a flower are difficult to distinguish, they are collectively called tepals. Examples of plants in which the term ""tepal"" is appropriate include genera such as ""Aloe"""
"in one thickened tip. The surface is initially covered in rough felty hairs, which eventually are lost. The inflorescence is broadly cylinder-shaped, 6–10 cm (2⅓–4 in) long and 6–8 cm (2⅓–3¼ in) in diameter, topped by more or less upright leaves not unlike all other leaves. In the axils of the higher leaves are flower heads each containing ten to thirteen (most frequently eleven) flowers, the subtending leaves broadly oval, 2½–4 cm (1–1¾ in) long and 1½–2 (⅔–¾ in) broad, set with rough hairs, and with a row of rough hairs along the margin, sometimes flushed reddish. The outer whorl"
"is generally hairy to woolly or bristly. The leaf blades are usually entire, but the occasional species has lobed leaves. They are palmately veined and have wavy or serrated edges. Flowers are solitary, paired, or borne in small inflorescences in the leaf axils or toward the branch tips. The calyx is bell-shaped with five lobes. The corolla is usually bell-shaped to wheel-shaped, with five petals joined at the bases. The flowers of wild species are most often yellow or orange, but can be red or pinkish, sometimes with a darker center. The stamens are fused into a tube lined at"
"The inflorescence appears in July in the native habitat of the species and takes the form of a dense spike about long. Each flower has a complex structure. A red bract surrounds the sepals, which are largely fused, forming a tubular calyx, split along one side. The calyx is shorter than the bract, being long. Inside the calyx, the three petals are fused at the base to form a tube about the same length as the calyx. At the end of the tube the petals form three lobes, long. Inside the petals are three petal-like structures (staminodes). The two side"
"and are found at the bottom of the leaves. The flowers come in many, are short stalked, small in size, have a brown-yellow color, five parted, 1 cm in length and have a small fragrance to them. The calyx contains are lobed (2-3), have hairs that are brown or light grey in color, as well as greenish. They have 5 petals with a yellow-like stamen, 15anthers per pistil, 5 stigmas (combined), ovary lighter green in color with hairs, and also contains a style. The fruit which have capsules that are round to elliptical in shape are 15-25mm in length. They"
"average of height, with a maximum of , inflorescence included. It has basal clusters of deeply lobed and cut, shiny dark green leaves, soft to the touch, up to long and broad, with a long petiole. The inflorescence is a cylindrical spike long and can produce up to 120 flowers. The flowers are tubular, whitish, and lilac or rose in colour. Each flower is up to long and it is surrounded by three green or purplish bracts. The central bract is spiny and larger than the other two. The calyx has two lips: the upper is purple on top, rather"
"have glandular, sticky patches on their upper parts. The linear or lance-shaped leaves are up to 8 centimeters long low on the stem and smaller on the distal branches. Flowers occur in a terminal cyme at the top of the stem, as well as in some of the leaf axils. Each has a hairy, glandular calyx of fused sepals with ten red veins. The calyx is open at the top, revealing five white or purple-pink petals which may be almost 3 centimeters long. The petals have usually four fringelike lobes at the tips and feathery appendages at their bases. The"
"flower"" entire or pinnately divided, 12–18 mm, elliptical, acute, entire, arched outward, purplish. Flower ""calyx"" purplish, 10–15 mm (shorter than the inner floral bract), tube 2–4 mm, tip bifid 2–3 mm deep, ca 1/3 of the calyx length; ""corolla"" 10–20 mm, erect, straight or nearly so, maroon, puberulent with reflexed hairs; lips subequal in length: galea pale, whitish, with a yellow-tip, finely pubescent and dark purple dorsally: lower lip shorter than upper: throat moderately inflated, 4–6 mm wide; ""stamens"" 2: filaments glabrous or nearly so, dilated above base and forming a U-shaped curve near the anther: anther sac 1 (with"
"Pappus (botany) The pappus is the modified calyx, the part of an individual floret, that surrounds the base of the corolla tube in flower heads of the plant family Asteraceae. The term is sometimes used in other plant families such as Asclepiadaceae (milkweeds), whose seeds have a similar structure attached, although it is not related to the calyx of the flower. The Asteraceae pappus may be composed of bristles (sometimes feathery), awns, scales, or may be absent. In some species, the pappus is too small to see without magnification. In species such as Dandelion or ""Eupatorium"", feathery bristles of the"
"forming right angles to the main stem. The plant drops its leaves in dry conditions (drought deciduous). The leaves are opposite, small, 3–15 mm long and 2–8 mm wide, ovate to elliptic, have smooth edges (entire), and with a very short or nonexistent petiole. The 2-lipped flowers develop in pairs facing away from each other; the upper lip is white to light violet and hairy, while the lower lip is 3-lobed and intense dark violet. The calyx starts out as simply a base to the flower, reddish-purple in shade, and then as the flower ages, it expands into its distinctive"
"the stem up to long, decreasing in size higher up the stem. The flower stalks are typically branched, with four to six flowers in each verticil forming a lax spike. The flowers open from the base of the inflorescence, which grows up to long. The small calyx is dark brown. The corolla is irregular, long, fused with two lips and long-tubed. The upper lip arches in a crescent shape and the lower lip is three-lobed with the central lobe larger than the lateral lobes. In the wild the corolla is usually bluish-violet. In cultivation, the flowers have a wide variety"
"bear opposite, sessile leaves, lacking lobes, which are linear and wide. Leaves on branches may be borne alternately. The flowers appear from August to September. They are borne in racemes, on pedicels of , borne in the leaf axils of the upper leaves. They are surrounded by a calyx of five sepals, fused into a tube at the base and separated into distinct lobes above. The pointed, triangular lobes of the calyx are almost as long as its tube. Within the calyx lies the corolla of the flower, which is campanulate (bell-shaped) and pink to purple in color, with five"
"are slightly longer than the outer ones. In this variety, the bisexual flower is solitary and is produced on an erect angular peduncle and it is about 2.5 cm long. The calyx consists of four lanceolate green leaves, while the corolla consists of four linear acute ones, of a similar color. Both the calyx and the corolla remain on the plant until the fruit ripens. The fruits are purplish-black four-celled berries, which contain, in each cell, six or eight seeds in a double series. The seeds are surrounded by a red, succulent aril, which will grow in the Spring. The"
"calyx and corolla, except in ""Macleaya"" where the corolla is lacking. The flowers are medium-sized or large. The terminal flowers are solitary in many species. In others the terminal inflorescence is cymose or racemose. The flowers are odourless and regular. There are many stamens, mostly 16 to 60, arranged in two separate whorls, the outer one with stamens alternating with petals, the inner one opposite, or numerous in the subfamily Papaveroideae. The gynoecium consists of a compound pistil with 2 to 100 carpels. The ovary is superior and unilocular. The ovary is either stemless (sessile) or on a short stem"
"Each flower has the typical structure for ""Roscoea"" (see the diagrams in that article). There is a tube-shaped outer calyx, some 2.5 cm long, which is hairy (pubescent), particularly along the veins, and is split on one side with two teeth at the end. Next the three petals (the corolla) form a tube which is shorter than the calyx and terminates in three lobes, a more-or-less oblong upright central lobe, about 2 cm long, which is hooded, and two side lobes, longer than the central lobe. Inside the petals are structures formed from four sterile stamens (staminodes): two lateral staminodes"