"Jack Kerouac's ""On the Road"", as the narrator travels by car back to her childhood home. The novel has also been compared to Sylvia Plath's ""The Bell Jar"". Atwood's unnamed narrator and Plath's Esther Greenwood are both driven to psychological breakdowns due to their unwillingness to adhere to the social expectations imposed on women. In her essay ""Margaret Atwood: Beyond Victimhood"", Marge Piercy was skeptical of the narrator's abrupt declaration of love for Joe at the end of the novel, saying it did not stop the narrator from being a victim: by choosing a man who opts to be a"
"expect her to be."" Esther is expected to become a housewife, and a self-sufficient woman, without the options to achieve independence. Esther feels she is a prisoner to domestic duties and she fears the loss of her inner self. ""The Bell Jar"" sets out to highlight the problems with oppressive patriarchal society in mid-20th-century America. Esther Greenwood, the main character in ""The Bell Jar"" describes her life as being suffocated by a bell jar. Analysis of the phrase ""bell jar"" shows it represents ""Esther's mental suffocation by the unavoidable settling of depression upon her psyche."" Throughout the novel, Esther talks"
"near the beginning of the novel that, in later years, Esther goes on to have a baby. According to her husband, Plath began writing the novel in 1961, after publishing ""The Colossus"", her first collection of poetry. Plath finished writing the novel in August 1961. After she separated from Hughes, Plath moved to a smaller flat in London, ""giving her time and place to work uninterruptedly. Then at top speed and with very little revision from start to finish she wrote ""The Bell Jar"","" he explained. Plath was writing the novel under the sponsorship of the Eugene F. Saxton Fellowship,"
"Golden Notebook by Doris Lessing (1962) 82. A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess (1962) 83. A Single Man by Christopher Isherwood (1964) 84. In Cold Blood by Truman Capote (1966) 85. The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath (1966) 86. Portnoy’s Complaint by Philip Roth (1969) 87. Mrs Palfrey at the Claremont by Elizabeth Taylor (1971) 88. Rabbit Redux by John Updike (1971) 89. Song of Solomon by Toni Morrison (1977) 90. A Bend in the River by VS Naipaul (1979) 91. Midnight’s Children by Salman Rushdie (1981) 92. Housekeeping by Marilynne Robinson (1981) 93. Money: A Suicide Note by Martin"
"authors. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, what has come to be known as the ""fab five"" were published: ""I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings"" (1969), an autobiography of the early years of American poet Maya Angelou; ""The Friends"" (1973) by Rosa Guy; the semi-autobiographical ""The Bell Jar"" (US 1963, under a pseudonym; UK 1967) by poet Sylvia Plath; ""Bless the Beasts and Children"" (1970) by Glendon Swarthout; and ""Deathwatch"" (1972) by Robb White, which was awarded 1973 Edgar Award for Best Juvenile Mystery by the Mystery Writers of America. The works of Angelou, Guy, and Plath were"
"The Bell (novel) The Bell is a novel by Iris Murdoch. Published in 1958, it was her fourth novel. It is set in a lay religious community situated next to an enclosed order of Benedictine nuns in Gloucestershire. The setting is Imber Court, a country house in Gloucestershire that is the home of a small Anglican lay religious community. It is situated next to Imber Abbey, a convent belonging to an enclosed order of Benedictine nuns. The owner of Imber Court and the community's de facto leader is Michael Meade, a former schoolmaster in his late 30s. The community supports"
"For Whom the Bell Tolls For Whom the Bell Tolls is a novel by Ernest Hemingway published in 1940. It tells the story of Robert Jordan, a young American in the International Brigades attached to a republican guerrilla unit during the Spanish Civil War. As a dynamiter, he is assigned to blow up a bridge during an attack on the city of Segovia. The novel is regarded as one of Hemingway's best works, along with ""The Sun Also Rises"", ""A Farewell to Arms"", and ""The Old Man and the Sea"". Ernest Hemingway wrote ""For Whom the Bell Tolls"" in Havana,"
"as described by Joseph Campbell in his book ""The Hero with a Thousand Faces"", was taken from a passage in ""Finnegans Wake"". The work of Marshall McLuhan was inspired by James Joyce; his collage book ""War and Peace in the Global Village"" has numerous references to ""Finnegans Wake"". The novel was also the source of the title of Clay Shirky's book ""Here Comes Everybody"". Esther Greenwood, Sylvia Plath's protagonist in ""The Bell Jar"", is writing her college thesis on the 'twin images' in ""Finnegans Wake"", although she never manages to finish either the book or her thesis. According to James"
"Nicholas Ferrar (1592 – 1637). After her son was born, Plath wrote most of the poems that would comprise her most famous collection of poems (the posthumously published ""Ariel""), and published her semi-autobiographical novel about mental illness, ""The Bell Jar"". In the summer of 1962, Ted Hughes began an affair with Assia Wevill; Hughes and Plath separated in the autumn of 1962. On February 11, 1963, while Nicholas, age one, and his sister Frieda, two and a half, slept upstairs, Plath taped shut the doorframe of the room in which the children slept, then placed towels around the kitchen door"
"affiliated with publisher Harper & Row, but it was disappointed by the manuscript and withdrew, calling it ""disappointing, juvenile and overwrought."" Early working titles of the novel included ""Diary of a Suicide"" and ""The Girl in the Mirror."" The novel is written using a series of flashbacks that show up parts of Esther's past. The flashbacks primarily deal with Esther's relationship with Buddy Willard. The reader also learns more about her early college years. ""The Bell Jar"" addresses the question of socially acceptable identity. It examines Esther's ""quest to forge her own identity, to be herself rather than what others"
"blue plaque for the Irish poet. Plath was pleased by this fact and considered it a good omen. The northern winter of 1962–1963 was one of the coldest in 100 years; the pipes froze, the children—now two years old and nine months—were often sick, and the house had no telephone. Her depression returned but she completed the rest of her poetry collection which would be published after her death (1965 in the UK, 1966 in the US). Her only novel, ""The Bell Jar,"" was released in January 1963, published under the pen name Victoria Lucas, and was met with critical"
"1963. Plath is credited with advancing the genre of confessional poetry and is best known for two of her published collections, ""The Colossus and Other Poems"" and ""Ariel"", and ""The Bell Jar"", a semi-autobiographical novel published shortly before her death. In 1982, she won a posthumous Pulitzer Prize for ""The Collected Poems"". Sylvia Plath was born on October 27, 1932, in Boston, Massachusetts. Her mother, Aurelia Schober Plath (1906–1994), was a second-generation American of Austrian descent, and her father, Otto Plath (1885–1940), was from Grabow, Germany. Plath's father was an entomologist and a professor of biology at Boston University who"
"story ""Sunday at the Mintons"" won first prize and $500, as well as publication in the magazine. Her experiences during the summer of 1953 as a guest editor at ""Mademoiselle"" provided the basis for her novel, ""The Bell Jar"". The August 1961 ""college issue"" of ""Mademoiselle"" included a photo of UCLA senior class president Willette Murphy, who did not realize she was making history as the first African-American model to appear in a mainstream fashion magazine. In the sixties, ""Mademoiselle"" magazine was geared “to the smart young woman”. They categorically stated in their editorials that despite their young, maidenly name"
"write in order to free myself from the past"". She dated a Yale senior named Dick Norton during her junior year. Norton, upon whom the character of Buddy in ""The Bell Jar"" is based, contracted tuberculosis and was treated at the Ray Brook Sanatorium near Saranac Lake. While visiting Norton, Plath broke her leg skiing, an incident that was fictionalized in the novel. Plath also used the novel to highlight the issue of women in the workforce during the 1950s. She strongly believed in their abilities to be writers and editors, while society forced them to fulfill secretarial roles. As"
"wish to leave behind a meaningful legacy was fulfilled when her ""Ariel"" collection of poetry, and her semi-autobiographical novel ""The Bell Jar"", were hailed as masterpieces of modern feminism, causing her to become a feminist icon in the 1970s. Hughes's apparent wish for redemption is realized in this autobiographical collection of poetry. The literary response to the publication of this collection was one of sensation. It was unknown at the time that Hughes was suffering from a terminal disease that may have prompted this unexpected release. Hughes's ""Birthday Letters"" topped the best-seller lists immediately. This was arguably due to public"
"Jar"" has been referred to many times in the popular media, including ""Gilmore Girls"", ""The Simpsons"", ""Family Guy"", ""Sabrina the Teenage Witch"", ""Warehouse 13"", ""Robot Chicken"" and in the finale of ""Master of None"". When Heather Chandler crashes through the glass table in ""Heathers"", CliffsNotes for ""The Bell Jar"" are seen on the floor. Immediately after this sighting, J.D. decides to frame Heather's death as a suicide. Iris Jamahl Dunkle wrote of the novel that ""often, when the novel appears in American films and television series, it stands as a symbol for teenage angst."" Larry Peerce's ""The Bell Jar"" (1979)"
"New Yorker"" that """"Catcher in the Rye"" rewrites"" among each new generation had become ""a literary genre all its own"". He classed among them Sylvia Plath's ""The Bell Jar"" (1963), Hunter S. Thompson's ""Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas"" (1971), Jay McInerney's ""Bright Lights, Big City"" (1984), and Dave Eggers's ""A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius"" (2000). Writer Aimee Bender was struggling with her first short stories when a friend gave her a copy of ""Nine Stories""; inspired, she later described Salinger's effect on writers, explaining: ""[I]t feels like Salinger wrote ""The Catcher in the Rye"" in a day, and"
"of the novel. In 1941 the Pulitzer Prize committee for letters unanimously recommended ""For Whom the Bell Tolls"" be awarded the prize for that year. The Pulitzer Board agreed. However, Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University ""ex officio"" head of the Pulitzer board at that time, found the novel offensive and persuaded the board to reverse its determination; no award was given for letters that year. The novel takes place in late May 1937 during the second year of the Spanish Civil War. References made to Valladolid, Segovia, El Escorial and Madrid suggest the novel takes place within the"
"of her marriage and possibly others. Janet McCann links Plath's search for feminine independence with a self-described neurotic psychology. Plath's husband has at one point insinuated that ""The Bell Jar"" might have been written as a response to many years of electroshock treatment and the scars it left. ""The Bell Jar"" received ""warily positive reviews."" The short time span between the publication of the book and Plath's suicide resulted in ""few innocent readings"" of the novel. The majority of early readers focused primarily on autobiographical connections from Plath to the protagonist. In response to autobiographical criticism, critic Elizabeth Hardwick urged"
"but that no one notices. The Judas Window The Judas Window (also published as ""The Crossbow Murder"") is a famous locked room mystery novel by the American writer John Dickson Carr (1906–1977), writing under the name of Carter Dickson, published in 1938 and featuring detective Sir Henry Merrivale. In a poll of 17 mystery writers and reviewers, this novel was voted as the fifth best locked room mystery of all time. ""The Hollow Man"" also by John Dickson Carr was voted the best. James Caplon Answell arranges to visit his future father-in-law, Avory Hume, at his house in London. Hume"
"The Judas Window The Judas Window (also published as ""The Crossbow Murder"") is a famous locked room mystery novel by the American writer John Dickson Carr (1906–1977), writing under the name of Carter Dickson, published in 1938 and featuring detective Sir Henry Merrivale. In a poll of 17 mystery writers and reviewers, this novel was voted as the fifth best locked room mystery of all time. ""The Hollow Man"" also by John Dickson Carr was voted the best. James Caplon Answell arranges to visit his future father-in-law, Avory Hume, at his house in London. Hume invites the prospective bridegroom into"
"The Bells (symphony) The Bells (, ""Kolokola""), Op. 35, is a choral symphony by Sergei Rachmaninoff, written in 1913. The words are from the poem ""The Bells"" by Edgar Allan Poe, very freely translated into Russian by the symbolist poet Konstantin Balmont. The traditional Gregorian melody ""Dies Irae"" is used frequently throughout the work. It was one of Rachmaninoff's two favorite compositions, along with his ""All-Night Vigil"", and is considered by some to be his secular choral masterpiece. Rachmaninoff called the work both a choral symphony and (unofficially) his Third Symphony shortly after writing it; however, he would later write"
"is especially remembered for his dystopian novel ""A Clockwork Orange"" 1962. Mervyn Peake (1911–68) published his Gothic fantasy Gormenghast trilogy between 1946 and 1959. Angela Carter (1940–1992) was a novelist and journalist, known for her feminist, magical realism, and picaresque works. Writing from the 1960s until the 1980s. Sir Salman Rushdie is among a number of post Second World War writers from former British colonies who permanently settled in Britain. Rushdie achieved fame with ""Midnight's Children"" (1981). His most controversial novel ""The Satanic Verses"" (1989) was inspired in part by the life of Muhammad. Doris Lessing from Southern Rhodesia (now"
"she encountered as a result of endowing a Smith College scholarship for ""promising young writers"". She supported Plath financially in the wake of Plath's unsuccessful 1953 suicide attempt: Plath's husband, Ted Hughes, would later refer in ""Birthday Letters"" to how “Prouty was there, tender and buoyant moon”. Many, including Plath's mother Aurelia, have held the view that Plath employed her memories of Prouty as the basis of the character of ""Philomena Guinea"" in her 1963 novel, ""The Bell Jar"", a figure who is described as supporting the protagonist because ""at the peak of her career, she had been in an"
"divorced. Their son William Janney was a film actor in the 1930s. Russell Janney Russell Janney (April 14, 1884 – July 14, 1963) was a theatrical producer and author. He is best known for his 1946 best-selling book and first novel, ""The Miracle of the Bells"", which was made into a film of the same name in 1948. He also produced and co-authored the 1925 musical ""The Vagabond King"", working with Brian Hooker and composer Rudolf Friml. Janney also produced other plays including ""Marjolaine"" (1922) (based on Pomander Walk by Louis N. Parker), ""White Eagle"" (1927) (based on Edwin Milton"
"The Jar The Jar is a 1984 American horror film directed by Bruce Toscano. A motorist named Paul gets in an auto accident with an old man. After bringing the old man to his apartment to heal him, Paul finds that the man has disappeared, leaving behind a bottle in a paper bag. Within the bottle is a demon who possesses Paul and induces hallucinations. Paul murders his neighbor and passes on his demonic possession to his boss. In 2015, the film was featured in episode 33 of ""Best of the Worst"" on the channel Red Letter Media together with"
"S. Burroughs' ""Naked Lunch"", Allen Ginsberg's ""Howl"", and Jack Kerouac's ""On the Road"". This decade is also marked by some of the most famous works of science fiction by science fiction writers Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, Ray Bradbury, Theodore Sturgeon, A. E. van Vogt, and Robert A. Heinlein. Other significant literary works of the decade included: Though it was not published until 1960, John Updike's ""Rabbit, Run"" was written during and exemplifies the culture of the 1950s. The novel ""Revolutionary Road"" by Richard Yates, published in 1961, is concerned with mid-1950s life and culture. Sylvia Plath's ""The Bell Jar"","
"Aurelia Plath Aurelia Frances Plath (née Schober; April 26, 1906 – March 11, 1994) was the wife of Otto Emil Plath, the mother of the American poet Sylvia Plath, and her brother Warren, and the grandmother of Frieda Rebecca Hughes and Nicholas Farrar Hughes. Aurelia Plath was born in Boston, Massachusetts, the daughter of Franz (Frank) Schober of Bad Aussee, Styria, and his wife Aurelia Grünwald (Greenwood). Sylvia Plath made reference to her grandmother by making ""Esther Greenwood"" the name of the heroine in her semi-autobiographical novel ""The Bell Jar"". The relationship between Aurelia and her daughter was a rather"
"magazine, ""The New Criterion"", ""The Weekly Standard"", ""The Washington Post"", ""The Wall Street Journal"", and ""The New York Times"". Charles Murray (political scientist) Charles Alan Murray (; born January 8, 1943) is an American political scientist, author, and columnist. His book ""Losing Ground: American Social Policy 1950–1980"" (1984), which discussed the American welfare system, was widely read and discussed, and influenced subsequent government policy. He became well known for his controversial book ""The Bell Curve"" (1994), written with Richard Herrnstein, in which he argues that intelligence is a better predictor than parental socio-economic status or education level of many individual"
"brother named Henry who did not exist; rather than correct the error, the timid Mr. Barrie was burdened with this error afterwards. The incident was also referred to by G. K. Chesterton, the model for Dr. Fell. The Hollow Man (Carr novel) The Hollow Man is a famous locked room mystery novel by the American writer John Dickson Carr (1906–1977), published in 1935. It was published in the US under the title The Three Coffins and in 1981 was selected as the best locked room mystery of all time by a panel of 17 mystery authors and reviewers. Professor Charles"
"in over Coney Island and Brooklyn, bringing to the upper East Side a teasing sniff of the ocean. Trembling with energy, unable to contain itself, Manhattan was popping wheelies beneath her. In every direction, her tired eyes saw flashing lights, lights that caromed off the horizons and joined with the stars in the sky. The city seemed to be inhaling Benzedrine and exhaling light; a neon-lunged Buddha chanting and vibrating in a temple of filth."" In Sylvia Plath's only novel, ""The Bell Jar"", the title character Esther Greenwood dreams up a list of unrealistic expectations for herself in the midst"
"of self-pity. Revisionist critics such as Tracy Brain have, however, argued against a tightly autobiographical interpretation of Plath's material. Plath's letters were published in 1975, edited and selected by her mother Aurelia Plath. The collection, ""Letters Home: Correspondence 1950–1963"", came out partly in response to the strong public reaction to the publication of ""The Bell Jar"" in America. Plath began keeping a diary from the age of 11 and continued doing so until her suicide. Her adult diaries, starting from her first year at Smith College in 1950, were first published in 1982 as ""The Journals of Sylvia Plath,"" edited"
"Russell Janney Russell Janney (April 14, 1884 – July 14, 1963) was a theatrical producer and author. He is best known for his 1946 best-selling book and first novel, ""The Miracle of the Bells"", which was made into a film of the same name in 1948. He also produced and co-authored the 1925 musical ""The Vagabond King"", working with Brian Hooker and composer Rudolf Friml. Janney also produced other plays including ""Marjolaine"" (1922) (based on Pomander Walk by Louis N. Parker), ""White Eagle"" (1927) (based on Edwin Milton Royle's ""The Squaw Man""), ""June Love"", ""Ballyhoo"" (1927), and an adaption of"