"Chester Chester is a walled city in Cheshire, England, on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales. With a population of 118,200 in 2011, it is the most populous settlement of Cheshire West and Chester, which had a population of 332,200 in 2014. Chester was granted city status in 1541. Chester was founded as a ""castrum"" or Roman fort with the name ""Deva Victrix"" in the reign of the Emperor Vespasian in 79 AD. One of the main army camps in Roman Britain, Deva later became a major civilian settlement. In 689, King Æthelred of Mercia founded the"
"Via Devana The Via Devana was a Roman Road in England that ran from Colchester in the south-east, through Cambridge in the interior, and on to Chester in the north-west. These were important Roman military centres and it is conjectured that the main reason the road was constructed was military rather than civilian. The Latin name for Chester is ""Deva"" and it was thus 'The Chester Road'. Colchester was ""Colonia Victricensis"", 'the City of Victory', and lays claim to be the oldest Roman city in Britain. The Via Devana had little civilian rationale and the road eventually fell into disuse"
"after his death. Its route ran north and west as follows: Via Devana The Via Devana was a Roman Road in England that ran from Colchester in the south-east, through Cambridge in the interior, and on to Chester in the north-west. These were important Roman military centres and it is conjectured that the main reason the road was constructed was military rather than civilian. The Latin name for Chester is ""Deva"" and it was thus 'The Chester Road'. Colchester was ""Colonia Victricensis"", 'the City of Victory', and lays claim to be the oldest Roman city in Britain. The Via Devana"
"Deva, Romania Deva (; Hungarian: ""Déva"", ; German: ""Diemrich"", ""Schlossberg"", ""Denburg""; Latin: ""Sargetia""; Turkish: ""Deve"", ""Devevar"") is a city in Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, on the left bank of the Mureș River. It is the capital of Hunedoara County. Its name was first recorded in 1269 as castrum ""Dewa"". The origin of the name gave rise to controversy. Some thought that the name is of old Turkic origin from the name Gyeücsa. Others assert that the name is probably of Slavic origin where ""Deva"" or ""Devín"" means ""girl"" or ""maiden"". (A similar case exists in Slovakian for"
"Deva is considered the ""Gymnastics capital of Romania"" because the National gymnastics training center is located within the city. Many of the country's Olympic gymnasts have trained in Deva. Deva, Romania Deva (; Hungarian: ""Déva"", ; German: ""Diemrich"", ""Schlossberg"", ""Denburg""; Latin: ""Sargetia""; Turkish: ""Deve"", ""Devevar"") is a city in Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania, on the left bank of the Mureș River. It is the capital of Hunedoara County. Its name was first recorded in 1269 as castrum ""Dewa"". The origin of the name gave rise to controversy. Some thought that the name is of old Turkic origin"
"The city grew as a trading port until the power of the Port of Liverpool overtook it. However the city did not decline and during the Georgian and Victorian periods was seen as a place of escape from the more industrial cities of Manchester and Liverpool. The Romans founded Chester as Deva Victrix in AD 70s in the land of the Celtic Cornovii, according to ancient cartographer Ptolemy, as a fortress during the Roman expansion north. It was named Deva either after the goddess of the Dee, or directly from the British name for the river. The 'victrix' part of"
"as Delia or Deri) in what is now the borough of San Pasquale. This city followed the events of the wars between the major Greek centres in the area, Reggio, Locri and Syracuse, and was later subjected by the latter. After the Roman conquest, it became a town with citizenship rights. In 440 Delia was ravaged by the Vandals. The unceasing attacks from sea pushed most of the towns in the area to resettle in safer locations far from the coast. The inhabitants from Delia founded the current Bova on a slope of the Aspromonte, at some in elevation. This"
"Deva is situated in the central part of Hunedoara County, on the left bank of the middle course of the Mureș River at 187 m above sea level. The city administers four villages: Archia (""Árki""), Bârcea Mică (""Kisbarcsa""), Cristur (""Csernakeresztúr"") and Sântuhalm (""Szántóhalma""). According to the last census, from 2011, there were 56,647 people living within the city of Deva, making it the 37th largest city in Romania. The ethnic makeup is as follows: Automotive, commerce, construction materials and power industries are important to Deva's economy. A private University of Ecology and Tourism was established in the city in 1990,"
"the specific names for each may only have little relation to the Roman names (e.g. modern Chester was actually called Deva by the Romans). Modern Winchester was ""Venta Belgarum"", the ""Win-"" element deriving from ""Venta"" in a similar way to the names ""Caerwent"" and ""Gwent"" from ""Venta Silurum"" in south Wales. In Cornwall, most placenames are Cornish in origin: e.g. ""Penzance"" (holy headland). In eastern Cornwall, the names show a stronger English influence. Placenames of Cornish origin are also found in the South Hams, North Devon and West Somerset. Brythonic but non-Cornish placenames, sometimes showing Cornish or Welsh influence, are"
"the name was taken from the title of the Legio XX ""Valeria Victrix"" who were based at Deva. A civilian settlement grew around the settlement, probably starting as a group of traders and their families who were profiting from trade with the fortress. The fortress was 20% larger than other fortresses in Britannia built around the same time at York (Eboracum) and Caerleon (Isca Augusta); this has led to the suggestion that the fortress may have been intended to become the capital of the province rather than London (Londinium). The civilian amphitheatre which was built in 1st century could sit"
"speculated on in a ""Timewatch"" investigation. Another factor pointing to Deva Victrix as a provincial capital is the presence of a port. From Deva, Ireland (Hibernia) was also accessible, a land which Agricola had plans to conquer; he even launched an expedition to Ireland, though where from is unclear. Also, the Flavian dynasty was expansionist, and Deva was closer to what would then have been the front, making administration quicker and easier. Furthermore, historian Vittorio Di Martino believes that Agricola could have chosen Deva Victrix as a possible future capital of Roman Britain because it was practically placed at the"
"tourists, and this has given it the grand title of the second most photographed clock in the UK (perhaps even the World) after Big Ben. History of Chester The history of Chester extends back nearly two millennia, covering all periods of British history in between then and the present day. The city of Chester was founded as a fort, known as ""Deva"", by the Romans in AD 79. The city was the scene of battles between warring Welsh and Saxon kingdoms throughout the post-Roman years until the Saxons strengthened the fort against raiding Danes. Following the Norman Conquest in 1066,"
"complete. The Industrial Revolution brought railways, canals, and new roads to the city, which saw substantial expansion and development – Chester Town Hall and the Grosvenor Museum are examples of Victorian architecture from this period. The Roman Legio II Adiutrix during the reign of the Emperor Vespasian founded Chester in AD 79, as a ""castrum"" or Roman fort with the name ""Deva Victrix"". It was established in the land of the Celtic Cornovii, according to ancient cartographer Ptolemy, as a fortress during the Roman expansion northward, and was named Deva either after the goddess of the Dee, or directly from"
"the city's existence first appeared in 1269 when Stephen V, King of Hungary and Duke of Transilvania, mentioned ""the royal castle of Deva"" in a privilege-grant for the Count Chyl of Kelling (). Under Voivod John Hunyadi, Deva became an important military and administrative centre. Partially destroyed by the Ottoman Turks in 1550, it was afterward rebuilt and the fortress extended. In 1621 Prince Gabriel Bethlen transformed and extended the Magna Curia Palace (also known as the Bethlen Castle) in Renaissance style. In 1711–1712, Deva was settled by a group of Roman Catholic Bulgarian merchant colonists, refugees from the unsuccessful"
"Deva, Gijón Deva is a parish of the municipality of Gijón, in Asturias, Spain. The toponym itself comes from an ancient pre-Roman/astur deity. Its population was 705 in 2012. Deva is a residential and rural area which borders the municipality of Villaviciosa in the east, and with the districts of Cabueñes in the north and Caldones in the south. The area is mainly made up of fields (occupied mainly by cows), belonging to adjacent farmhouses. There are also many chalets and houses, and a horseriding center. A small river passes through the area and it is common for cityfolk to"
"and defeated them at a battle at The Wrekin. By 70 AD the Romans had founded the fortress and town of Deva Victrix, now Chester, according to ancient cartographer Ptolemy, The fortress was 20% larger than other fortresses in Britannia built around the same time at York (Eboracum) and Caerleon (Isca Augusta); this has led to the suggestion that the fortress, rather than London (Londinium), was intended to become the capital of the Roman province of Britannia Superior. The civilian amphitheatre, which was built in the 1st century, could seat between 8,000 and 10,000 people. It is the largest known"
"the British name for the river. The 'victrix' part of the name was taken from the title of the Legio XX ""Valeria Victrix"" which was based at Deva. Central Chester's four main roads, Eastgate, Northgate, Watergate and Bridgegate, follow routes laid out at this time. A civilian settlement grew around the military base, probably originating from trade with the fortress. The fortress was 20% larger than other fortresses in the Roman province of Britannia built around the same time at York (Eboracum) and Caerleon (Isca Augusta); this has led to the suggestion that the fortress, rather than London (Londinium), was"
"the uniqueness of the elliptical building, the method of construction, and the unusual size of the fortress – 20% larger than other Roman fortresses in Britain – suggest that it may have been intended as the base for a potential invasion of Ireland, and perhaps eventually to become the capital of the unified British Isles under Rome. According to the 1st and 2nd century geographer Ptolemy, Deva was in the lands of the Cornovii. Their land bordered that of the Brigantes in the north and the Ordovices in the west and included parts of what is now Cheshire, Shropshire, and"
"Devon Devon (), also known as Devonshire, which was formerly its common and official name, is a county of England, reaching from the Bristol Channel in the north to the English Channel in the south. It is part of South West England, bounded by Cornwall to the west, Somerset to the north east, and Dorset to the east. The city of Exeter is the county town. The county includes the districts of East Devon, Mid Devon, North Devon, South Hams, Teignbridge, Torridge, and West Devon. Plymouth and Torbay are each geographically part of Devon, but are administered as unitary authorities."
"and the academic centres of Timișoara and Cluj-Napoca have opened branches in the city. Deva is also the home of Romania's national women gymnastics training center called Colegiul National Sportiv ""Cetatea"" Deva . Here is a list of the high schools from Deva: Deva has a humid continental climate Deva is dominated by the Citadel Hill, a protected nature reserve because of its rare floral species and the presence of the horned adder. Perched on the top of the hill are the ruins of the Citadel built in the 13th century. Tourists can visit the Citadel by climbing the hill"
"the original A-text), who may have come from Gloucester, taking part in the Battle of Dyrham in 577, when the city was conquered by the Anglo-Saxons. http://www.glosarch.org.uk/Gloucestercityresearch.html#GLEVUM Glevum Glevum (or, more formally, Colonia Nervia Glevensium, or occasionally ""Glouvia"") was a Roman fort in Roman Britain that became a ""colonia"" of retired legionaries in AD 97. Today, it is known as Gloucester, located in the English county of Gloucestershire. The name Glevum is taken by many present-day businesses in the area and also by the 26-mile ""Glevum Way"", a long-distance footpath or recreational walk encircling modern Gloucester. Glevum was established around"
"walls rather than town walls. The presence of unusual buildings at the heart of the fortress – accounting for the by which Deva was larger than other fortresses – has been taken as evidence that their construction was specifically ordered by the provincial governor. The governor (""Legatus Augusti pro praetore"") when construction first started was Gnaeus Julius Agricola. Lead piping found in the elliptical building bears his name, the only evidence in Britain of a building under his direct control. These differences suggest that Deva may have been Agricola’s administrative headquarters – in effect the capital of Britannia. This was"
"History of Chester The history of Chester extends back nearly two millennia, covering all periods of British history in between then and the present day. The city of Chester was founded as a fort, known as ""Deva"", by the Romans in AD 79. The city was the scene of battles between warring Welsh and Saxon kingdoms throughout the post-Roman years until the Saxons strengthened the fort against raiding Danes. Following the Norman Conquest in 1066, Chester came under the Earl of Chester. It became a centre of the defense against Welsh raiders and a launch point for raids on Ireland."
"other discoveries at the city's Royal Albert Memorial Museum. Isca Dumnoniorum Isca Dumnoniorum, also known simply as Isca, was a town in the Roman province of Britannia at the site of present-day Exeter in the English county of Devon in the United Kingdom. It served as the tribal capital of the Dumnonians under and after the Romans. The city walls of Exeter (some 70% of which survive) mark the former perimeter of Isca and excavations in the 1970s and 1980s verified that the town was home to a Roman fortress almost certainly for the Second Augustan Legion. The town seems"
"Rykeneld Street Rykeneld Street or Ryknield Street was a Roman road which ran through the northern Midlands of England from Deva (Chester) to Derventio (Derby) via what is now Stoke-on-Trent. It is not to be confused with the Icknield Street. It has in the past also been called by Victorian antiquarians the ""Via Devina"". The territory traversed would have been that of the Cornovii. Beginning at Chester the road ran south-east to a known Roman fort structure at Chesterton in North Staffordshire (partly excavated with modern methods from 1969 to 1971). It then ran through Wolstanton, as discovered when the"
"museum in Chester is the Grosvenor Museum, which includes a collection of Roman tombstones and an art gallery. Associated with the museum is 20 Castle Street in which rooms are furnished in different historical styles. The Deva Roman Experience has hands-on exhibits and a reconstructed Roman street. One of the blocks in the forecourt of the Castle houses the Cheshire Military Museum. The major public park in Chester is Grosvenor Park. On the south side of the River Dee, in Handbridge, is Edgar's Field, another public park, which contains Minerva's Shrine, a Roman shrine to the goddess Minerva. A war"
"heavy losses in Gaul before returning to Britain. Following attacks against barbarians in the early 3rd century under Septimius Severus, the fortress at Deva was again rebuilt, this time using an estimated of stone. Although both Gildas and Bede located the early 4th-century Roman martyrs, Julius and Aaron, in the ""City of the Legions"", generally identified as being Isca Augusta (Caerleon) rather than Deva. During the 4th century the size of the legion, and therefore of the garrison, may have diminished in line with the rest of the empire's forces. Most of the fortress' major buildings were still being maintained"
"as it was not possible to maintain extensive public works following withdrawal of the last Roman legion from Britain in 407. As a result, its route is difficult to find today, especially in its more northern reaches. It is omitted from some historians' maps for this reason but most nowadays accept its existence. The undocumented name ""Via Devana"" was coined by Charles Mason, D.D., of Trinity College, Cambridge, who was also rector of Orwell, Cambridgeshire, and Woodwardian Professor of Fossils at Cambridge University. During his life, Mason compiled a complete map of Cambridgeshire which was later published in 1808, long"
"*dhewa 'settlement', cognate with Zazaki ""dewe"", meaning ""village"". The ""dava"" towns can be found as south as Sandanski and Plovdiv. Strabo specified that the Daci are the Getae. The Dacians, Getae and their kings were always considered as Thracians by the ancients (Dio Cassius, Trogus Pompeius, Appian, Strabo, Herodotus and Pliny the Elder), and were both said to speak the same Thracian language. Below is a list of Dacian towns which include various forms of ""dava"" in their name: Dava (Dacian) Dava (Latin alphabet plural davae) is a Geto-Dacian name for a city, town or fortress. Generally, the name indicated"
"and ""-caster"" are common suffixes in the names of other English cities that began as Roman camps. In 88 AD, the Emperor Domitian ordered the Legio II ""Adiutrix"" to the lower Danube. The Legio XX ""Valeria Victrix"" was deployed to garrison Deva Victrix, abandoning the fort they had been building in Scotland, at Inchtuthil. On their arrival they began to rebuild Deva, first in timber and from the end of the 1st century in stone. The new stone fortress walls were thick at the base and thick at the top. Located at regular intervals, approximately apart, along the walls were"
"anti-Ottoman Chiprovtsi Uprising of 1688. The colonists were originally mostly from Chiprovtsi and Zhelezna in northwest Bulgaria, though also from the neighbouring Kopilovtsi and Klisura. However, the colonists came to Deva from Wallachia and from Alvinc (now ""Vinţu de Jos"", Romania), where a similar colony had been established in 1700. The Bulgarian merchants, who in 1716 numbered 51 families and three Franciscan friars, established their own neighbourhood, which was known to the locals as ""Greci"" (""Greeks"", i.e. ""merchants""). Their influence over local affairs caused Deva to be officially called a ""Bulgarian town"" for a short period, even though the maximum"
"of the city of Chester. The name 'Boughton' or 'bluestone' may have originated from the placement of a blue boundary stone (now lost) alongside the road similar to the Gloverstone which stood outside Chester Castle. The Romans were known to have used water flowing from a well in the area. The water was piped directly into the centre of the Roman fortress of Deva (present day Chester). How long this waterway operated is unknown, but by medieval times it had been either restored or rebuilt, for the use of the Benedictine Abbey of St Werburgh in Chester (later Chester Cathedral)."
"Exeter Exeter () is a cathedral city in Devon, England, with a population of 129,800 (mid-2016 EST). The city is located on the River Exe approximately northeast of Plymouth and southwest of Bristol. It is the county town of Devon, and the base of Devon County Council. Also situated in Exeter, are two campuses of the University of Exeter, Streatham Campus and St Luke's Campus. Exeter was the most south-westerly Roman fortified settlement in Britain. Exeter became a religious centre during the Middle Ages and into the Tudor times: Exeter Cathedral, founded in the mid 11th century, became Anglican during"