"in solar energy. CAS-IPE scientists ran a complex molecular dynamics simulation on all 7,168 NVIDIA Tesla GPUs to achieve a performance of 1.87 petaflops (about the same performance as 130,000 laptops). The Tianhe-1A supercomputer was shut down after the National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin was damaged by an explosion nearby. The computer was not damaged and still remains operational. Tianhe-1 Tianhe-I, Tianhe-1, or TH-1 (, ; ""Sky River Number One"") is a supercomputer capable of an Rmax (maximum range) of 2.5 petaFLOPS. Located at the National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin, China, it was the fastest computer in the world from"
"2012, the TOP500 list certified Titan as the world's fastest supercomputer per the LINPACK benchmark, at 17.59 petaFLOPS. It was developed by Cray Inc. at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and combines AMD Opteron processors with ""Kepler"" NVIDIA Tesla graphic processing unit (GPU) technologies. On June 10, 2013, China's Tianhe-2 was ranked the world's fastest with 33.86 petaFLOPS. On June 20, 2016, China's Sunway TaihuLight was ranked the world's fastest with 93 petaFLOPS on the LINPACK benchmark (out of 125 peak petaFLOPS). The system, which is almost exclusively based on technology developed in China, is installed at the National Supercomputing"
"announced that K had set a LINPACK record with a performance of 8.162 petaflops, making it the fastest supercomputer in the world at the time; it achieved this performance with a computing efficiency ratio of 93.0%. The previous record holder was the Chinese National University of Defense Technology's Tianhe-1A, which performed at 2.507 petaflops. The TOP500 list is revised semiannually, and the rankings change frequently, indicating the speed at which computing power is increasing. In November 2011, Riken reported that K had become the first supercomputer to exceed 10 petaflops, achieving a LINPACK performance of 10.51 quadrillion computations per second"
"of top500.org. Nebulae (computer) Nebulae () is a petascale supercomputer located at the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Built from a Dawning TC3600 Blade system with Intel Xeon X5650 processors and Nvidia Tesla C2050 GPUs, it has a peak performance of 1.271 petaflops using the LINPACK benchmark suite. Nebulae was ranked the second most powerful computer in the world in the June 2010 list of the fastest supercomputers according to TOP500. Nebulae has a theoretical peak performance of 2.9843 petaflops. This computer is used for multiple applications requiring advanced processing capabilities. It is ranked 10th among the June"
"list is the Summit, in the United States, with a LINPACK benchmarkscore of 122.3 PFLOPS, exceeding the previous record holder, Sunway TaihuLight, by around 29 PFLOPS. The term supercomputer does not refer to a specific technology. Rather it indicates the fastest computations available at any given time. In mid 2011, the fastest supercomputers boasted speeds exceeding one petaflop, or 1 quadrillion (10^15 or 1,000 trillion) floating point operations per second. Supercomputers are fast but extremely costly, so they are generally used by large organizations to execute computationally demanding tasks involving large data sets. Supercomputers typically run military and scientific applications."
"Nebulae (computer) Nebulae () is a petascale supercomputer located at the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Built from a Dawning TC3600 Blade system with Intel Xeon X5650 processors and Nvidia Tesla C2050 GPUs, it has a peak performance of 1.271 petaflops using the LINPACK benchmark suite. Nebulae was ranked the second most powerful computer in the world in the June 2010 list of the fastest supercomputers according to TOP500. Nebulae has a theoretical peak performance of 2.9843 petaflops. This computer is used for multiple applications requiring advanced processing capabilities. It is ranked 10th among the June 2012 list"
"active as far back as 1984 when it developed the 16-bit TQ-0671 microcomputer system. A commercial affiliate of the Tianjin center had previously made the PHPC100 personal supercomputer in 2008 which was about twice the size of a normal desktop computer, but had 40 times the speed. In 2010 a second generation model was released. The ""National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi"" houses the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer, the second most powerful supercomputer in the world as of June 2018. Supercomputing in China China operates a number of supercomputer centers which, altogether, hold 29.3% performance share of world's fastest 500 supercomputers. The"
"write the necessary code"", he added. The location of Tianhe-2 is in Southern China, where the warmer weather with higher temperature could increase the electricity consumption by about 10% compared with a location in Northern China. Tianhe-2 Tianhe-2 or TH-2 (, that is, ""Milky Way 2"") is a 33.86-petaflop supercomputer located in National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou, China. It was developed by a team of 1,300 scientists and engineers. It was the world's fastest supercomputer according to the TOP500 lists for June 2013, November 2013, June 2014, November 2014, June 2015, and November 2015. The record was surpassed in June"
"National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin The National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin () is located at the National Defense Science and Technology University in Tianjin, China. One of the fastest supercomputers in the world (see ""The TOP500 Project"" list of supercomputers), Tianhe-1A, is located at the facility. The Tianjin Computer Institute had been active as far back as 1984 and had developed the 16-bit TQ-0671 microcomputer system. As the National Supercomputing Center, the facilities came under the direction (purview) of the National Supercomputing Center council, consisting of members of the National Defense Science and Technology University, the various departments of the"
"Tianhe-2 Tianhe-2 or TH-2 (, that is, ""Milky Way 2"") is a 33.86-petaflop supercomputer located in National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou, China. It was developed by a team of 1,300 scientists and engineers. It was the world's fastest supercomputer according to the TOP500 lists for June 2013, November 2013, June 2014, November 2014, June 2015, and November 2015. The record was surpassed in June 2016 by the Sunway TaihuLight. In 2015, plans of the Sun Yat-sen University in collaboration with Guangzhou district and city administration to double its computing capacities were stopped by a US government rejection of Intel's application"
"exceeding the second placing (United States) which had 124. The progress of supercomputing in China has been rapid; the country's most powerful supercomputer placed 43rd in November 2002 (DeepComp 1800), 11th by November 2003 (DeepComp 6800), 10th by June 2004 (Dawning 4000A), and by November 2010 (Tianhe-1A) held top spot. China would go on to fall behind Japan in June 2011 until June 2013 when the country's most powerful supercomputer once again clocked in as the world record. Prior to the Sunway TaihuLight, Chinese supercomputers have used ""off the shelf"" processors, e.g. Tianhe-I uses thousands of Intel and Nvidia chips,"
"It was surpassed in 2013 by China's Tianhe-2 supercomputer. However, in June 2018 the Department of Energy announced that the USA had retaken the crown of ""world's fastest supercomputer"" from China after IBM and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) unveiled ""Summit"", a new supercomputer that is claimed to be more than twice as powerful as the current world leader, with a peak performance of 200,000 trillion calculations per second. By comparison, China's Tianhe-2 has a processing power of 93 petaflops (93,000 trillion calculations per second). Tours of parts of the original facility are available to American citizens from June"
"Department of Energy's (DOE's) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) raised the system's computing power to a peak 1.64 petaFLOPS, making Jaguar the world's first petaFLOPS system dedicated to open research. In early 2009 the supercomputer was named after a mythical creature, Kraken. Kraken was declared the world's fastest university-managed supercomputer and sixth fastest overall in the 2009 TOP500 list. In 2010 Kraken was upgraded and can operate faster and is more powerful. In 2009, the Cray Jaguar performed at 1.75 petaFLOPS, beating the IBM Roadrunner for the number one spot on the TOP500 list. In October 2010, China unveiled the"
"use over 60,000 processors, with 2048 processors ""per rack"", and connects them via a three-dimensional torus interconnect. Progress in China has been rapid, in that China placed 51st on the TOP500 list in June 2003, then 14th in November 2003, and 10th in June 2004 and then 5th during 2005, before gaining the top spot in 2010 with the 2.5 petaflop Tianhe-I supercomputer. In July 2011, the 8.1 petaflop Japanese K computer became the fastest in the world using over 60,000 SPARC64 VIIIfx processors housed in over 600 cabinets. The fact that K computer is over 60 times faster than"
"its place as world's fastest supercomputer. The two computers, Sierra and Summit, will each exceed Tianhe-2's 55 peak petaflops. Summit, the more powerful of the two, will deliver 150–300 peak petaflops. On 10 April 2015, US government agencies banned selling chips, from Nvidia, to supercomputing centers in China as ""acting contrary to the national security ... interests of the United States""; and Intel Corporation from providing Xeon chips to China due to their use, according to the US, in researching nuclear weaponsresearch to which US export control law bans US companies from contributing""The Department of Commerce refused, saying it was"
"the Tianhe-2 supercomputer was announced by TOP500 as the world's fastest. Tianhe-2 used Intel Ivy Bridge Xeon and Xeon Phi processors to achieve 33.86 petaFLOPS. It was the fastest on the list for two and a half years, lastly in November 2015. The cores of Knights Corner are based on a modified version of P54C design, used in the original Pentium. The basis of the Intel MIC architecture is to leverage x86 legacy by creating an x86-compatible multiprocessor architecture that can use existing parallelization software tools. Programming tools include OpenMP, OpenCL, Cilk/Cilk Plus and specialised versions of Intel's Fortran, C++"
"and other fields. At the release of the TOP500 supercomputer rankings in June 2010 the CCI was ranked the 80th most powerful supercomputer in the world, with a peak processing power of 91.75 Teraflops or 91.75 trillion floating point operations per second. When finished, all of the systems at the center will have a combined power surpassing 100 teraflops. The original supercomputer consisted of a series of IBM BlueGene/L systems which contain a total of 32,768 PowerPC 440 700 MHz processors. There is also a heterogeneous array of Power-based Linux machines and AMD Opteron processor-based clusters running on a common"
"Supercomputing in China China operates a number of supercomputer centers which, altogether, hold 29.3% performance share of world's fastest 500 supercomputers. The origins of these centers go back to 1989, when the State Planning Commission, the State Science and Technology Commission and the World Bank jointly launched a project to develop networking and supercomputer facilities in China. In addition to network facilities, the project included three supercomputer centers. China's Sunway TaihuLight ranks second in the TOP500 list. As of 2018, China dominated the globe's highest performance machines list with 206 out of the top 500 fastest supercomputers in the world,"
"was used for was the part of human genome mapping that China was responsible for. The fifth member of the Dawning family, Dawning 4000A, debuted as one of the top 10 fastest supercomputers in the world, on the TOP500 list, capable of 806.1 billion FLOPS. The system, at the Shanghai Supercomputer Center, utilizes over 2,560 AMD Opteron processors, and can reach speeds of 8 teraflops. The newest member of the Dawning family is Dawning 5000A. It integrated 7,680 1.9 GHz AMD Opteron Quad-core processors, resulting in 30,720 cores, and Infiniband interconnecting network. Dawning 5000A occupies an area of 75 square"
"Tianhe-1, a supercomputer that operates at a peak computing rate of 2.5 petaFLOPS. On December 2, 2010, the US Air Force unveiled a defense supercomputer made up of 1,760 PlayStation 3 consoles that can run 500 teraFLOPS. In November 2011, it was announced that Japan had achieved 10.51 petaFLOPS with its K computer. It is still under development and software performance tuning is currently underway. It has 88,128 SPARC64 VIIIfx processors in 864 racks, with theoretical performance of 11.28 petaFLOPS. It is named after the Japanese word ""kei"", which stands for 10 quadrillion, corresponding to the target speed of 10"
"with a computation speed of over 8 petaflops, and in November 2011, K became the first computer to top 10 petaflops. It had originally been slated for completion in June 2012. In June 2012, K was superseded as the world's fastest supercomputer by the American IBM Sequoia. , K is the world's eighteenth-fastest computer, with the IBM's Summit & Sierra being the fastest supercomputers. , the K computer holds the third place for the HPCG benchmark. It held the first place till June 2018, until it was superseded by Summit & Sierra. On 20 June 2011, the TOP500 Project Committee"
"first revealed to the public on 2009, and was immediately ranked as the world's fifth fastest supercomputer in the TOP500 list released at the 2009 Supercomputing Conference (SC09) held in Portland, Oregon, on 2009. Tianhe achieved a speed of 563 teraflops in its first Top 500 test and had a peak performance of 1.2 petaflops. Thus at startup, the system had an efficiency of 46%. Originally, Tianhe-1 was powered by 4,096 Intel Xeon E5540 processors and 1,024 Intel Xeon E5450 processors, with 5,120 AMD graphics processing units (GPUs), which were made up of 2,560 dual-GPU ATI Radeon HD 4870 X2"
"Summit (supercomputer) Summit or OLCF-4 is a supercomputer developed by IBM for use at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which as of November, 2018 is the fastest supercomputer in the world, capable of 200 petaflops. Its current LINPACK benchmark is clocked at 143.5 petaflops. As of November 2018, the supercomputer is also the 3rd most energy efficient in the world with a measured power efficiency of 14.668 GFlops/watts. Summit is the first supercomputer to reach exaop (exa operations per second) speed, achieving 1.88 exaops during a genomic analysis and is expected to reach 3.3 exaops using mixed precision calculations. The United"
"Computer by Fujitsu of Japan. Tianhe-2 was the fastest supercomputer in the world until 2016, when it was surpassed by Sunway TaihuLight at the Chinese National Supercomputing Center. Tianhe-2A is currently ranked as the world's fourth fastest supercomputer on the TOP500 list, having achieved a performance level of 61.44 PFLOPS National University of Defense Technology National University of Defense Technology (NUDT, ) or People's Liberation Army National University of Defense Science and Technology in full () is a top military academy, as well as a research type national key university located in Changsha, Hunan province, China. It is under the"
"The government of Tianjin Binhai New Area, NUDT and the National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin are working on the project. The investment is likely to hit 3 billion yuan ($470.6 million). Sunway TaihuLight The Sunway TaihuLight (, ""Shénwēi·tàihú zhī guāng"") is a Chinese supercomputer which, , is ranked third in the TOP500 list,<ref name=""top500/June2018""></ref> with a LINPACK benchmark rating of 93 petaflops. This is nearly three times as fast as the previous Tianhe-2, which ran at 34 petaflops. , it is ranked as the 16th most energy-efficient supercomputer in the Green500, with an efficiency of 6.051 GFlops/watt. It was designed"
"graphics cards. In October 2010, Tianhe-1A, an upgraded supercomputer, was unveiled at HPC 2010 China. It is now equipped with 14,336 Xeon X5670 processors and 7,168 Nvidia Tesla M2050 general purpose GPUs. 2,048 FeiTeng 1000 SPARC-based processors are also installed in the system, but their computing power was not counted into the machine's official LINPACK statistics as of October 2010. Tianhe-1A has a theoretical peak performance of 4.701 petaflops. NVIDIA suggests that it would have taken ""50,000 CPUs and twice as much floor space to deliver the same performance using CPUs alone."" The current heterogeneous system consumes 4.04 megawatts compared"
"Sunway TaihuLight The Sunway TaihuLight (, ""Shénwēi·tàihú zhī guāng"") is a Chinese supercomputer which, , is ranked third in the TOP500 list,<ref name=""top500/June2018""></ref> with a LINPACK benchmark rating of 93 petaflops. This is nearly three times as fast as the previous Tianhe-2, which ran at 34 petaflops. , it is ranked as the 16th most energy-efficient supercomputer in the Green500, with an efficiency of 6.051 GFlops/watt. It was designed by the National Research Center of Parallel Computer Engineering & Technology (NRCPC) and is located at the National Supercomputing Center in Wuxi in the city of Wuxi, in Jiangsu province, China."
"same year. This was a deskside blade server system, comprising up to 16 dual- or quad-core Intel Xeon processors, with either Microsoft Windows HPC Server 2008 or Red Hat Enterprise Linux installed. By 2009, the largest computer system Cray had delivered was the XT5 system at National Center for Computational Sciences at Oak Ridge National Laboratories. This system, with over 224,000 processing cores, was dubbed ""Jaguar"" and was the fastest computer in the world as measured by the LINPACK benchmark at the speed of 1.75 petaflops until being surpassed by the Tianhe-1A in October 2010. It was the first system"
"result to 2 teraFLOPS at 6.26 GHz, although the thermal dissipation at this frequency exceeds 190 watts. On June 26, 2007, IBM announced the second generation of its top supercomputer, dubbed Blue Gene/P and designed to continuously operate at speeds exceeding one petaFLOPS. When configured to do so, it can reach speeds in excess of three petaFLOPS. In June 2007, Top500.org reported the fastest computer in the world to be the IBM Blue Gene/L supercomputer, measuring a peak of 596 teraFLOPS. The Cray XT4 hit second place with 101.7 teraFLOPS. On October 25, 2007, NEC Corporation of Japan issued a"
"of off-the-shelf processors became the norm. The US has long been the leader in the supercomputer field, first through Cray's almost uninterrupted dominance of the field, and later through a variety of technology companies. Japan made major strides in the field in the 1980s and 90s, but since then China has become increasingly active in the field. As of June 2018, the fastest supercomputer on the TOP500 supercomputer list is the Summit, in the United States, with a LINPACK benchmark score of 122.3 PFLOPS, exceeding the previous record holder, Sunway TaihuLight, by around 29 PFLOPS. Sunway TaihuLight's is notable for"
"In 2005 Jaguar was built, a Cray XT3 based system that performed at 25 teraFLOPS and received incremental upgrades up to the XT5 platform that performed at 2.3 petaFLOPS in 2009. It was recognised as the world's fastest from November 2009 until November 2010. Summit was built for Oak Ridge National Laboratory during 2018, which benchedmarked at 122.3 petaflops. As of June 2018, Summit stands as the world's fasted [clocked] supercomputer with 202,752 CPU cores, 27,648 Nvidia Tesla GPUs and 250 Petabytes of storage. Since 1992 the National Center for Computational Sciences (NCCS) has overseen high performance computing at ORNL."
"Center in Wuxi, and represents more performance than the next five most powerful systems on the TOP500 list combined. In June 2018, Summit, an IBM-built supercomputer now running at the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), captured the number one spot with a performance of 122.3 petaflops on High Performance Linpack (HPL), the benchmark used to rank the TOP500 list. Summit has 4,356 nodes, each one equipped with two 22-core Power9 CPUs, and six NVIDIA Tesla V100 GPUs. Distributed computing uses the Internet to link personal computers to achieve more FLOPS: In 2008, James Bamford's book ""The"
"of 10 petaflops, or 10 quadrillion floating point operations per second, in order to ""increase the computational capabilities for research, [and] modeling and simulation work at the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) facility."" Built in 2008 and named for the Pleiades open star cluster, the supercomputer debuted as the third most powerful supercomputer in the world at 487 teraflops. It originally contained 100 SGI Altix ICE 8200EX racks with 12,800 Intel Xeon quad-core E5472 Harpertown processors connected with more than 20 miles of InfiniBand double data rate (DDR) cabling. With the addition of ten more racks of quad-core X5570 Nehalem processors"