"the scene of the ""Bombing of Gernika"" by the Condor Legion of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. The Germans were attacking to support the efforts of Francisco Franco to overthrow the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. The town was devastated, though the Biscayan assembly and the Oak of Gernika survived. Pablo Picasso painted his mural sized ""Guernica"" to commemorate the horrors of the bombing. In its final form, ""Guernica"" is an immense black and white, tall and wide mural painted in oil. The mural presents a scene of death, violence, brutality, suffering, and helplessness without portraying their immediate causes. The"
"Guernica (Picasso) Guernica () is a large oil painting on canvas by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso completed in June 1937, at his home on Rue des Grands Augustins, in Paris. The painting, now in the Museo Reina Sofia in Madrid, was done with a palette of gray, black, and white, and is regarded by many art critics as one of the most moving and powerful anti-war paintings in history. Standing at tall and wide, the painting shows the suffering of people and animals wrenched by violence and chaos. Prominent in the composition are a gored horse, a bull, and flames."
"mural painted in oil. The mural presents a scene of death, violence, brutality, suffering, and helplessness without portraying their immediate causes. The choice to paint in black and white contrasts with the intensity of the scene depicted and invokes the immediacy of a newspaper photograph. Picasso painted the mural sized painting called ""Guernica"" in protest of the bombing. The painting was first exhibited in Paris in 1937, then Scandinavia, then London in 1938 and finally in 1939 at Picasso's request the painting was sent to the United States in an extended loan (for safekeeping) at MoMA. The painting went on"
"theatrical production of ""Guernica"" (2011–2012). Art and design historian Dr Nicola Ashmore curated an exhibition, ""Guernica Remakings"", at the University of Brighton galleries from 29 July 2017 to 23 August 2017. ""Guernica"" has become a universal and powerful symbol warning humanity against the suffering and devastation of war. Moreover, the fact that there are no obvious references to the specific attack has contributed to making its message universal and timeless. Guernica (Picasso) Guernica () is a large oil painting on canvas by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso completed in June 1937, at his home on Rue des Grands Augustins, in Paris."
"the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. Pablo Picasso painted his mural sized ""Guernica"" to commemorate the horrors of the bombing. ""Guernica"" is an immense black-and-white, 3.5 metre (11 ft) tall and 7.8 metre (23 ft) wide mural painted in oil. The mural presents a scene of death, violence, brutality, suffering, and helplessness without portraying their immediate causes. The choice to paint in black and white invokes the immediacy of a newspaper photograph. The painting was first exhibited in Paris in 1937, then Scandinavia and London, and in 1939 at Picasso's request the painting was sent to the United"
"26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, the Basque town of Gernika was the scene of the ""Bombing of Gernika"" by the Condor Legion of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. The Germans were attacking to support the efforts of Francisco Franco to overthrow the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. The town was devastated, though the Biscayan assembly and the Oak of Gernika survived. Pablo Picasso painted his mural sized ""Guernica"" to commemorate the horrors of the bombing. In its final form, ""Guernica"" is an immense black and white, 3.5 metre (11 ft) tall and 7.8 metre (23 ft) wide"
"choice to paint in black and white contrasts with the intensity of the scene depicted and invokes the immediacy of a newspaper photograph. Picasso painted the mural sized painting called ""Guernica"" in protest of the bombing. The painting was first exhibited in Paris in 1937, then Scandinavia, then London in 1938 and finally in 1939 at Picasso's request the painting was sent to the United States in an extended loan (for safekeeping) at MoMA. The painting went on a tour of museums throughout the USA until its final return to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City where"
"Guernica, 1937. Joan Miró painted a huge mural entitled ""Catalan Peasant in Revolt"" (aka The Reaper, destroyed), and he did a poster entitled “Aidez l’Espagne” (Help Spain), meant to support the Republicans’ cause. The American artist Alexander Calder created the abstract sculpture ""Mercury Fountain"" (1937). The involvement of a non-Spanish artist was also an important statement in an era dominated by the rise of nationalism, both in democratic and totalitarian regimes. Even in democracies, voices called for a return to a more representational style. For instance, some criticized the central place given to Picasso's Guernica because it was not explicit"
"for a moment that I could be in agreement with reaction and death? ... In the panel on which I am working, which I shall call ""Guernica"", and in all my recent works of art, I clearly express my abhorrence of the military caste which has sunk Spain in an ocean of pain and death."" After 35 days of work, he finished the painting on 4 June 1937. The scene is within a room where, on the left, a wide-eyed bull stands over a grieving woman who holds a dead child in her arms. The center of the painting is"
"The painting was created in response to the bombing of Guernica, a Basque Country town in northern Spain, by Nazi Germany and Italian warplanes at the request of the Spanish Nationalists. Upon completion, ""Guernica"" was exhibited at the Spanish display at the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (Paris International Exposition) in the 1937 World's Fair in Paris and then at other venues around the world. The touring exhibition was used to raise funds for Spanish war relief. The painting became famous and widely acclaimed, and it helped bring worldwide attention to the Spanish Civil War."
"the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War – ""Guernica"". This large canvas embodies for many the inhumanity, brutality and hopelessness of war. Asked to explain its symbolism, Picasso said, ""It isn't up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be better if he wrote them out in so many words! The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them."" ""Guernica"" was exhibited in July 1937 at the Spanish Pavilion at the Paris International Exposition, and then became the centerpiece of an exhibition of 118 works by Picasso, Matisse,"
"Calder's ""Fuente de mercurio"" (Mercury Fountain) a protest work by the American against the Nationalist forced control of Almadén and the mercury mines there. Pablo Picasso painted ""Guernica"" in 1937, taking inspiration from the bombing of Guernica, and in Leonardo da Vinci's ""Battle of Anghiari"". ""Guernica"", like many important Republican masterpieces, was featured at the 1937 International Exhibition in Paris. The work's size (11 ft by 25.6 ft) grabbed much attention and cast the horrors of the mounting Spanish civil unrest into a global spotlight. The painting has since been heralded as an anti-war work and a symbol of peace"
"allegedly asked him, upon seeing a photo of ""Guernica"" in his apartment, ""Did you do that?"" Picasso responded, ""No, you did."" The photographer Dora Maar—who had worked with Picasso since mid-1936, photographing his studio and teaching him the technique of cameraless photography— documented the stages ""Guernica"" went through on its way to completion. Apart from their documentary and publicity value, Maar's photographs ""helped Picasso to eschew color and give the work the black-and-white immediacy of a photograph"", according to John Richardson. The work was painted using a matte house paint specially formulated at Picasso's request to have the least possible"
"Guernica (sculpture) Guernica is a 1937 statue made by French sculptor René Iché. It is one of Iché's most personal and violent works. He created this sculpture immediately after the bombing of Guernica on 26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. Shocked by the horror of the civilians' massacre, Iché worked all the day and the next night on his plaster statue. His daughter, Hélène, who was six at the time, was his model. However, Iché refused to exhibit his work because of its violence. It was revealed to the general public in 1997, at the exhibition commemorating the"
"light can be seen. On the far right, a woman with arms raised in terror is entrapped by fire from above and below; her right hand suggests the shape of an airplane. A dark wall with an open door defines the right end of the mural. Two ""hidden"" images formed by the horse appear in ""Guernica"": Interpretations of ""Guernica"" vary widely and contradict one another. This extends, for example, to the mural's two dominant elements: the bull and the horse. Art historian Patricia Failing said, ""The bull and the horse are important characters in Spanish culture. Picasso himself certainly used"
"of Guernica, the poet Juan Larrea visited Picasso and urged him to make the bombing his subject. However, it was only on 1 May, having read George Steer's eyewitness account of the bombing (originally published in both ""The Times"" and ""The New York Times"" on 28 April), that he abandoned his initial project and started sketching a series of preliminary drawings for ""Guernica"". Guernica is a town in the province of Biscay in Basque Country. During the Spanish Civil War, it was regarded as the northern bastion of the Republican resistance movement and the center of Basque culture, adding to"
"Canadian pavilion depicted aspects of Canadian culture. The Spanish pavilion attracted attention as the exposition took place during the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish pavilion was built by the Spanish architect Josep Lluis Sert. The pavilion, set up by the Republican government, included Pablo Picasso's famous painting ""Guernica"", a depiction of the horrors of war, Alexander Calder's sculpture ""Mercury Fountain"" and Joan Miró's painting ""Catalan peasant in revolt"". Two of the other notable pavilions were those of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. The organization of the world exhibition had placed the German and the Soviet pavilions directly across from"
"""Guernica"", and from January to April 1938 the tour visited Oslo, Copenhagen, Stockholm and Göteborg. In September 1938 the painting travelled to England, exhibited in London's Whitechapel Art Gallery organized by Roland Penrose with Clement Attlee, where it arrived on 30 September 1938, the same day the Munich Agreement was signed by the leaders of the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. It then travelled onwards to Leeds, Liverpool and in early 1939 Manchester. There, Manchester Foodship For Spain, a group of artists and activists engaged in sending aid to the people of Spain, exhibited the painting in the HE"
"Guernica Guernica (), official and Basque name Gernika, is a town in the province of Biscay, in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, Spain. The town of Guernica is united in one municipality with neighbouring Lumo, as Gernika-Lumo. The population of the municipality is 16,224 . Gernika is best known to those residing outside the Basque region as the scene of the April 26, 1937, Bombing of Guernica, one of the first aerial bombings by Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. It inspired the painting ""Guernica"" by Pablo Picasso. This village is situated at 10m altitude, in the region of Busturialdea, in"
"Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (; ; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and playwright who spent most of his adult life in France. Regarded as one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist ""Les Demoiselles d'Avignon"" (1907), and ""Guernica"" (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica"
"heard of the bombing of Guernica. Before the bombing of Guernica took place, Picasso never cared much for anything that had to do with politics. Once Picasso heard the news he changed his commissioned work for Spain into a reflection on the massacre. Picasso began the painting on 11 May 1937, working on a piece of unbleached muslin (349 cm x 776 cm). Since the work was so large, Picasso had to use a ladder and a long-handled brush to reach the furthest corners of the canvas. He spent over two months creating ""Guernica"". He used only black and white"
"Mural (1943) Mural is a large painting by American artist Jackson Pollock. Although signed and dated 1943, the signature and date were not added until 1947, and the work was probably completed in early 1944. It was made with oil paint (and an off-white water-based paint) on linen, and is Pollock's largest canvas, measuring . The work was commissioned by Peggy Guggenheim for the long entrance hall of her townhouse at 155 East 61st Street in New York City. The work marks an important transitional moment in Pollock's artistic career, from his earlier works of surrealist abstraction towards action painting."
"Guernica (2016 film) Guernica (Spanish/Basque: Gernika) is a 2016 Spanish-American war romance drama film directed by Koldo Serra, starring James D'Arcy, María Valverde and Jack Davenport. It is the first ever feature-length film made about the 1937 bombing of Guernica. The film centres on an American journalist (D'Arcy) covering the Spanish Civil War and the bombing of Guernica who falls in love with a censor (Valverde) for the Spanish Republican government. The journalist's character is loosely based on George Steer, the British reporter who covered the war and bombing for the UK media, as well as Ernest Hemingway and Robert"
"Minister for the Arts, Race Mathews. The demands included increases to funding for the arts; threats were made that the painting would be destroyed. After an anonymous tip-off to police, the painting was found undamaged in a locker at Spencer Street station on 19 August 1986. The theft still remains unsolved. After painting ""Guernica"", Picasso created a series of works depicting one of the figures in the work, a weeping woman. The model for these works was his mistress Dora Maar. The definitive work in the series is in the collection of the Tate Modern. One of the series was"
"Spanish art. Highlights of the museum include excellent collections of Spain's two greatest 20th-century masters, Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí. Certainly, the most famous masterpiece in the museum is Picasso's painting ""Guernica"". Along with its extensive collection, the museum offers a mixture of national and international temporary exhibitions in its many galleries, making it one of the world's largest museums for modern and contemporary art. It also hosts a free-access library specializing in art, with a collection of over 100,000 books, over 3,500 sound recordings, and almost 1,000 videos. The museum is mainly dedicated to Spanish art. Highlights of the"
"Picasso’s native Spanish, and shared his political concerns. She even assisted with the execution of the monumental ""Guernica"" and produced the only photo-documentary of the work in progress. She was an intellectual force – a characteristic that both stimulated and challenged Picasso and her influence on him resulted in some of his most powerful and daring portraits of his 75-year career. Among the best of them are the oils completed during the late 1930s and early 1940s, when Picasso’s art resonated with the drama and emotional upheaval of the era and which Dora came to personify. The luminous ""Dora Maar"
"Modern Art acquired the painting for $24,000. The museum raised $18,000 toward the purchase price by selling a Degas painting and the rest came from donations from the co-owners of the gallery Germain Seligman and Cesar de Hauke. The Museum of Modern Art in New York City mounted an important Picasso exhibition on 15 November 1939 that remained on view until 7 January 1940. The exhibition entitled: ""Picasso:40 Years of His Art,"" was organized by Alfred H. Barr (1902–1981), in collaboration with the Art Institute of Chicago. The exhibition contained 344 works, including the major and then newly painted ""Guernica"""
"The Charnel House The Charnel House (Le Charnier) is a c.1944–1948 painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso (1881–1973), purportedly dealing with the Nazi genocide of the Holocaust. The black and white 'grisaille' composition centres on a massed pile of corpses, and was based primarily upon film and photographs of a slaughtered family during the Spanish Civil War. It is considered to be Picasso's second major anti-war painting, the first being the monumental ""Guernica"" (1937), but it is not thought to be as significant as that work because the artist left it unfinished. Picasso spent at least six months working on"
"poster versions soon followed, and it was carried in protest marches around the world, all further increasing its viewership. In a further protest of MoMA's decision to pull out of the project, copies of the poster were carried by members of the AWC into the MoMA and unfurled in front of Picasso's painting ""Guernica"" — on loan to MoMA at the time, the painting depicts the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon innocent civilians. One member of the group was Tony Shafrazi, who returned in 1974 to spray paint the ""Guernica"" with the words ""KILL LIES ALL"""
"museum include excellent collections of Spain's two greatest 20th-century masters, Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí. Certainly, the most famous masterpiece in the museum is Picasso's painting ""Guernica"". The Reina Sofía collection has works by artists such as Joan Miró, Eduardo Chillida, Pablo Gargallo, Julio González, Luis Gordillo, Juan Gris, José Gutiérrez Solana, Lucio Muñoz, Jorge Oteiza, Julio Romero de Torres, Pablo Serrano, and Antoni Tàpies. International art represented in the collection include works by Francis Bacon, Joseph Beuys, Pierre Bonnard, Georges Braque, Alexander Calder, Robert Delaunay, Max Ernst, Lucio Fontana, Sarah Grilo, Damien Hirst, Donald Judd, Vasily Kandinsky, Paul Klee,"
"of Art from 1963 to 1967 before coming to New York in 1969, where he lectured at several universities, including the School of Visual Arts. On February 28, 1974, Shafrazi spray-painted Picasso's painting ""Guernica"", which hung in the Museum of Modern Art, with the words ""KILL LIES ALL"" in foot-high letters. When a guard finally grabbed him, Shafrazi shouted, ""Call the curator. I am an artist."" The paint was easily removed as the painting was heavily varnished. It is believed that Shafrazi was protesting the announcement, the day before, of the release on bail of U.S. lieutenant William Calley. Calley,"
"the bombing of Guernica, and four additional panels were added, three of which relate directly to the Guernica mural. According to scholar Beverly Ray, the following list of interpretations reflects the general consensus of historians: ""The shape and posture of the bodies express protest""; ""Picasso uses black, white, and grey paint to set a somber mood and express pain and chaos""; ""flaming buildings and crumbling walls not only express the destruction of Guernica, but reflect the destructive power of civil war""; ""the newspaper print used in the painting reflects how Picasso learned of the massacre""; ""The light bulb in the"
"by José Montini in ""Eisenstein in Guanajuato"" (2015). Rivera, Frida Kahlo, and Leon Trotsky are principal characters in Barbara Kingsolver's novel, ""The Lacuna"". Diego Rivera Diego María de la Concepción Juan Nepomuceno Estanislao de la Rivera y Barrientos Acosta y Rodríguez, known as Diego Rivera (; December 8, 1886 – November 24, 1957) was a prominent Mexican painter. His large frescoes helped establish the Mexican mural movement in Mexican art. Between 1922 and 1953, Rivera painted murals in, among other places, Mexico City, Chapingo, Cuernavaca, San Francisco, Detroit, and New York City. In 1931, a retrospective exhibition of his works"