"all non-marine avian species in southern Africa."" There are 24 species of snakes in the Drakensberg, two of which are highly venomous. There is one bird that is endemic to the high peaks, the mountain pipit ""(Anthus hoeschi)"", while another six are found mainly here: Bush blackcap ""(Lioptilus nigricapillus)"", buff-streaked chat ""(Oenanthe bifasciata)"", Rudd's lark ""(Heteromirafra ruddi)"", Drakensberg rockjumper ""(Chaetops aurantius)"", yellow-breasted pipit ""(Anthus chloris)"", and Drakensberg siskin ""(Serinus symonsi)"". The endangered Cape vulture and lesser kestrel are two of the birds of prey that hunt in the mountains. Mammals include klipspringer ""(Oreotragus oreotragus)"", eland ""(Taurotragus oryx)"" and mountain reedbuck"
"Amphitheatre (Drakensberg) The Amphitheatre is one of the geographical features of the Northern Drakensberg, South Africa, and is widely regarded as one of the most impressive cliff faces on earth. The cliff face of the Amphitheatre is roughly three times the size of the total combined area of all the cliff faces in Yosemite's famous El Capitan, and more than 10 times the size of El Capitan's most famous (South Western) face. It is part of the Royal Natal National Park. The Amphitheatre is over in length and has precipitous cliffs rising approximately along its entire length. The bottom of"
"River with the Amphitheatre in the background. The real location of the battle was to the north east near the isolated hill at Isandlwana. Amphitheatre (Drakensberg) The Amphitheatre is one of the geographical features of the Northern Drakensberg, South Africa, and is widely regarded as one of the most impressive cliff faces on earth. The cliff face of the Amphitheatre is roughly three times the size of the total combined area of all the cliff faces in Yosemite's famous El Capitan, and more than 10 times the size of El Capitan's most famous (South Western) face. It is part of"
"Cliffs of Sangstrup The Cliffs of Sangstrup and Karlby in Denmark, Northern Europe, at the entrance to the Baltic Sea, are two, up to 17 meters tall, and 5 km long coastal lime cliffs originating from a 65-million-year-old coral reef in a prehistorical and tropical Danish sea. Today the climate in Denmark is coastal temperate. It is possible – and legal for anyone – to search for fossils in the cliffs. New cliff material is exposed regularly due coastal erosion, prompting rock falls. Here and there corroded cannonball holes can be found in the cliffs, supposedly from target shooting performed"
"there are forests, streams and game parks that are quite spectacular, which would be great on screen. Once we'd decided on the locations in and around Kruger National Park, my directorial team set out for the mountains of Drakensberg and the deserts of Kalahari. Drakensberg has numerous valleys, water bodies and trails that could serve for the famous Richtersveld Mountains described in the novel. The Sentinel peak and KwaZulu-Natal offer brilliant vistas, but visually, the Kalahari is the most stunning. Like all deserts, the temperature varies from 51° Celsius in the day to 5° Celsius in the evening. About 17"
"elevations and warm, dry summers. Drakenstein The Drakenstein (""Dragonstone"") Mountains are part of the Cape Fold Belt and are in the Western Cape province of South Africa; they were named in honour of Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede tot Drakenstein who visited the Cape as Commissioner-General in 1685; Drakenstein (modern spelling usually Drakestein) was the name of his estate in the Netherlands. They actually comprise two separate ranges, the Klein Drakenstein and Groot Drakenstein Mountains. The former located just to the east of Paarl being punctuated by the Huguenot Tunnel on the N1 highway and Du Toitskloof Pass () as the"
"Königsstuhl (Rügen) The Königsstuhl (""King's Chair"") is the best-known chalk cliff on the Stubbenkammer in the Jasmund National Park on the Baltic Sea island of Rügen. It lies at . In 2004 the Königsstuhl was incorporated into the terrain of the Königsstuhl National Park Centre. It can be reached along a cliff top path, 11 kilometres long in total, that runs from Sassnitz to Lohme, or from the large car park in Hagen (in the municipality of Lohme) 3 km away. Since 2004, entry to the National Park Centre and hence access to the Königsstuhl has been subject to a"
"of basaltic lava over the Clarens desert, covering nearly the whole of Southern Africa and other portions of Gondwana.The pile of lava that accumulated over the course of several eruptions was more than 1600 m thick, especially in the east (in present-day Lesotho). This massive lava outpouring brought the Karoo sedimention to an abrupt end. The name Drakensberg group is derived from the fact that this layer forms the uppermost 1400 m of the Great Escarpment on the international border between Lesotho and KwaZulu-Natal, often referred to as ""the"" Drakensberg (although technically the ""Drakensberg"" refers to the entire 1000 km"
"stretch is known as the Drakensberg. The south and south-western parts of the plateau (at approximately 11001800m above sea level), and the adjoining plain below (at approximately 700800m above sea levelsee map on the right) is known as the Great Karoo, which consists of sparsely populated scrubland. To the north the Great Karoo fades into the even drier and more arid Bushmanland, which eventually becomes the Kalahari desert in the very north-west of the country. The mid-eastern, and highest part of the plateau is known as the Highveld. This relatively well-watered area is home to a great proportion of the"
"Drakenstein The Drakenstein (""Dragonstone"") Mountains are part of the Cape Fold Belt and are in the Western Cape province of South Africa; they were named in honour of Hendrik Adriaan van Rheede tot Drakenstein who visited the Cape as Commissioner-General in 1685; Drakenstein (modern spelling usually Drakestein) was the name of his estate in the Netherlands. They actually comprise two separate ranges, the Klein Drakenstein and Groot Drakenstein Mountains. The former located just to the east of Paarl being punctuated by the Huguenot Tunnel on the N1 highway and Du Toitskloof Pass () as the R101 route. The latter is"
"Tanzania. An isolated population inhabits the Drakensberg of South Africa. This species is almost entirely associated with mountains and inselbergs with plentiful cliffs, crags, precipices, canyons and gorges. They are often found near alpine pastures and meadows, montane grassland and heath, steep-sided, rocky wadis, high steppe and are occasional around forests. They seem to prefer desolate, lightly-populated areas where predators who provide many bones, such as wolves and golden eagles, have healthy populations. In Ethiopia, they are now common at refuse tips on the outskirts of small villages and towns. Although they occasionally descend to , bearded vultures are rare"
"a boulder hop. A little chain ladder takes one over the final stretch from where there is a stunning view of the falls rushing down the Amphitheatre in a series of five spectacular cascades. The Tugela Falls, which is situated at the top of the Amphitheatre is said to be the highlight of Drakensberg. In 1964, film director Cy Endfield shot the exterior locations in the mountainous Drakensberg National Park for the epic war film ""Zulu"" starring Michael Caine and Stanley Baker. The set for the British field hospital and supply depot at Rorke's Drift was created by the Tugela"
"the most well-known section being the Drakensberg (diagram on the right). The Schwarzrand and edge of the Khomas Highland in Namibia, as well as the Serra da Chela in Angola, are also well-known names. About 180 million years ago, a mantle plume under southern Gondwana caused bulging of the continental crust in the area that would later become southern Africa. Within 10 – 20 million years rift valleys formed on either side of the central bulge, which became flooded to become the proto-Atlantic and proto-Indian Oceans. The stepped steep walls of these rift valleys formed escarpments that surrounded the newly"
"Great Escarpment which extends northwards to about 10° south of the Equator (i.e. into Angola in the west, and the Muchinga Escarpment in Zambia in the east.) In South Africa the plateau is at its highest in the east where its edge varies in altitude between 2,000 m and 3,300 m. This edge of the plateau, as the land drops sharply to the coastal plain, forms a very high, steep escarpment known as the Drakensberg Mountains. The southern and western extents of the escarpment are not as high as Drakensberg, but are also known by a wide variety of local"
"mountain areas of the range. Towns and cities in the Drakensberg area include, from South to North, Matatiele and Barkly East in the Eastern Cape Province; Ladysmith, Newcastle, Ulundi – the former Zulu capital, Dundee and Ixopo in KwaZulu-Natal; all of Lesotho, whose capital is Maseru and Tzaneen in Limpopo Province. There are numerous caves in the easily eroded sandstone of Clarens Formation, the layer below the thick, hard basalt layer on the KwaZulu Natal-Lesotho border. Many of these caves have rock paintings by the San (Bushmen). This portion of the Drakensberg has between 35,000 and 40,000 works of San"
"use the correct datum as WGS 84 is not always the default. Some GPS waypoints for the Drakensberg are listed below: Drakensberg hiking Hiking in the Natal Drakensberg is a popular activity for outdoor South Africans. The escarpment allows one to hike on a cliff of roughly 1000m high that stretches for 240 km from Sentinel Buttress in the North to Bushman's Neck Didima camp in the South. Hiking is however not recommended for inexperienced hikers as conditions can change quickly and harsh weather can occur for extended periods. KZN (KwaZulu-Natal) Wildlife distributes 6 1:50,000 maps that can be used"
"a very rugged mountainous appearance, both from the ground and from the air. The higher parts of Drakensberg has a mildly periglacial environment. It is possible that recent climate change has diminished the intensity of periglaciation. Knight and Grab mapped out the distribution of lightning strikes in the Drakensburg and discovered that lightning significantly controls the evolution of the mountain landscapes because it helps to shape the summit areas – the highest areas – with this blasting effect. Previously, angular debris was assumed to have been created by changes typical of cold, periglacial environments, such as fracturing due to frost."
"The geological composition of Drakensberg (escarpment wall) varies considerably along its more than 1000 km length. The Limpopo and Mpumalanga Drakensberg are capped by an erosion resistant quartzite layer which is part of the Transvaal Supergroup which also forms the Magaliesberg to the north and northwest of Pretoria. These rocks are more than 2000 million years old. South of the 26°S parallel the Drakensberg escarpment is composed of Ecca shales, which belong to the Karoo Supergroup, which are 300 million years old. The portion of the Drakensberg that forms the KwaZulu-Natal – Free State border is formed by slightly younger"
"Encephalartos ghellinckii Encephalartos ghellinckii Lem. or Drakensberg cycad is endemic to South Africa, and is one of about 70 species found in sub-Saharan Africa. Strongly associated with the Natal Drakensberg, this 3m tall evergreen species is found from the foothills to fairly high altitudes, growing on stream banks, steep grassy slopes and sandstone outcrops. Its preferred habitat lying within grassveld, it has developed resistance to veldfires, and also the intense cold brought on by snow and frost. It is found in three distinct and separate areas in KwaZulu-Natal and northern Transkei. Plants from the high-altitude areas are more robust and"
"the Cape Fold Belt and formed the thick Beaufort Group of rocks of the Karoo basin. As the escarpment eroded, moving inland, the buried Cape Fold Mountains that had formed 150 million years earlier, were gradually re-exposed. Being composed of erosion resistant quartzitic sandstone they erupted through the eroding landscape, ultimately to form the parallel mountain ranges that protrude from the coastal plain of the south and south-west Cape. The eastern portion of the Great Escarpment (the Drakensberg) goes as far north as Tzaneen at about the 22° S parallel, from there it veers west to Potgietersrust, where it is"
"combine to resemble the profile of a sleeping giant, is essentially a grassy plateau that nestles among the deep valleys of this part of the Drakensberg. Giants Castle Game Reserve is considered the home of the eland as well as the bearded vulture. Another Giants Castle highlight is the superb bushman rock art at main caves which is easy to get to and well presented. The well known vulture hide can be booked to allow up to three photographers to observe and photograph bearded vultures and Cape vultures. It needs to be booked well in advance, especially in the busy"
"Drachenfels (Central Palatinate Forest) The Drachenfels (""Dragon Rock"") is a hill in the northern part of the Palatine Forest in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate) on the forest estate of the county town of Bad Dürkheim. At , it is the highest point of the Palatine Forest north of the Hochspeyerbach - Speyerbach line. The Drachenfels area has been designated as a nature reserve. The hill lies in the west of a triangle whose sides are about 14 kilometres long, formed by the Isenach valley (B 37) in the north, the German Wine Route in the east and the valleys"
"Drakensberg hiking Hiking in the Natal Drakensberg is a popular activity for outdoor South Africans. The escarpment allows one to hike on a cliff of roughly 1000m high that stretches for 240 km from Sentinel Buttress in the North to Bushman's Neck Didima camp in the South. Hiking is however not recommended for inexperienced hikers as conditions can change quickly and harsh weather can occur for extended periods. KZN (KwaZulu-Natal) Wildlife distributes 6 1:50,000 maps that can be used while hiking in the Drakensberg. The maps use the Cape datum as the geodesic reference. GPS users should be careful to"
"in these cliffs provided the key to the general tectonic structure of the area. Keystone Cliffs The Keystone Cliffs () are a set of cliffs, high, marking the east face of the sedimentary ridge between Mercury Glacier and Venus Glacier, on the east coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The coast in this vicinity was first seen from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 23, 1935, and roughly mapped from photos obtained on that flight by W.L.G. Joerg. The cliffs were roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition and resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies"
"Teufelsmauer The Teufelsmauer (""Devil's Wall"") is a rock formation made of hard sandstones of the Upper Cretaceous in the northern part of the Harz Foreland in central Germany. This wall of rock runs from Blankenburg (Harz) via Weddersleben and Rieder to Ballenstedt. The most prominent individual rocks of the Teufelsmauer have their own names. The Teufelsmauer near Weddersleben is also called the ""Adlersklippen"" (""Eagle Crags""). Many legends and myths have been woven in order to try to explain the unusual rock formation. It was placed under protection as early as 1833 and, in 1852, by the head of the district"
"the present-day coastal plain. The position of the present escarpment is therefore approximately inland from the original fault lines which formed the walls of the rift valley that developed along the coast-line during the break-up of Gondwana. The rate of the erosion of the escarpment, in the Drakensberg region is said to average per 1000 years, or per year. Because of the extensive erosion of the plateau itself, during most of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras, none of its surface rocks (except the Kalahari sands) are younger than 180 million years. The youngest rocks that remain cap the plateau in"
"2011 the beech forest in the park was added to UNESCO World Heritage Site as an extension of the Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and the Ancient Beech Forests of Germany. The chalk cliffs face constant erosion. With every storm, parts of the cliffs fall, including rocks and fossils of sponges, oysters and sea urchins. The most majestic part of the cliffs is the ""Königsstuhl"" (English: king's chair) which stands at . One of the most scenic and best known of the chalk outcrops, the ""Wissower Klinken"", collapsed into the Baltic Sea on February 24, 2005, in a landslide"
"Keystone Cliffs The Keystone Cliffs () are a set of cliffs, high, marking the east face of the sedimentary ridge between Mercury Glacier and Venus Glacier, on the east coast of Alexander Island, Antarctica. The coast in this vicinity was first seen from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 23, 1935, and roughly mapped from photos obtained on that flight by W.L.G. Joerg. The cliffs were roughly surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition and resurveyed in 1948 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS). They were so named by the FIDS because the geologic structures revealed"
"animals painted here and at other sites such as the Pech Merle in France, also visited by Spivey, did not match the bones discovered and abstract patterns revealed the artists weren't merely copying from real life. Spivey next travels to the Drakensberg Mountains of South Africa, where rock painting made 200 years ago by the San people and similarly dismissed as hunting scenes, are revealed by anthropologist David Lewis-Williams to contain many of the same unusual features. 19th century interviews with the San by German linguist Wilhelm Bleek reveal the importance of trance within their culture, an observation confirmed by"
"for white washing. Burnt lime is also a main ingredient in mortar used for building with bricks. Cliffs of Sangstrup The Cliffs of Sangstrup and Karlby in Denmark, Northern Europe, at the entrance to the Baltic Sea, are two, up to 17 meters tall, and 5 km long coastal lime cliffs originating from a 65-million-year-old coral reef in a prehistorical and tropical Danish sea. Today the climate in Denmark is coastal temperate. It is possible – and legal for anyone – to search for fossils in the cliffs. New cliff material is exposed regularly due coastal erosion, prompting rock falls."
"Several possible reasons for this name include the pointy tops giving an appearance similar to that of the back of the mythical European dragon, old local myths of dragons roaming the mountains, and possible findings of dinosaur fossils (which would have been confused with the remains of dragons). When most South Africans and visitors speak of ""the"" Drakensberg, they refer to the Great Escarpment that forms the border between Lesotho and KwaZulu-Natal, believing it to be a range of mountains extending into Lesotho, more correctly known as the Lesotho Highlands. This highest portion of the Great Escarpment is known as"
"floodplain mudstones with subordinate channel and crevasse splay deposits. These were interpreted as a mixed load dominated meandering system in an increasingly arid setting. Towards the top of the formation aeolian sediments occur as metre-scale intercalations in the fluvial deposits of the Elliot Formation. The white cliffs of the middle Drakensberg are composed of Clarens Formation sandstone. These sandstones were deposited as large dunes in a desert environment. Worm burrows and dinosaur footprints can also be found in these rocks. The Clarens Formation consists of yellow fine-grained sandstones, sandy siltstones and mudstones. This indicates strong aridification of the climate. Wind"
"mostly dry throughout the Cenozoic. The conspicuous scarps on the plateau have massive sandstone caps over easily weathered rock such as shale. Freeze-thaw and groundwater sapping contribute to scarp retreat in this region. The Drakensberg mountains in South Africa are capped by a layer of Karoo basalts about thick, which overlay Clarens formation sandstones. They have long been considered a classic example of a landform created by scarp retreat following continental break-up, with the retreat controlled by an inland drainage divide. However, they have inland-facing scarps as well as seaward-facing scarps, so factors other than continental break-up have contributed to"