"""The Perfect Storm"" (1997). The Grand Banks are also portrayed in the 1990 film ""The Hunt for Red October"". Grand Banks of Newfoundland The Grand Banks of Newfoundland are a group of underwater plateaus south-east of Newfoundland on the North American continental shelf. These areas are relatively shallow, ranging from in depth. The cold Labrador Current mixes with the warm waters of the Gulf Stream here. The mixing of these waters and the shape of the ocean bottom lifts nutrients to the surface. These conditions helped to create one of the richest fishing grounds in the world. Fish species include"
"Newfoundland's fishing industry. The Avalon Peninsula is itself pinched into peninsulas by St. Mary's Bay and Conception Bay. St. John's is located in the northeast of the peninsula. The Avalon Peninsula is a noted region for Precambrian fossils, and many Lagerstätten of the diverse Ediacaran biota are found on the peninsula. Mistaken Point is the original location of the first documented Ediacaran, ""Aspidella terranovica"" (which gets its specific name from Newfoundland). The peninsula gives its name to the ancient micro-continent Avalonia of which it was part. In 1497, explorer John Cabot led an expedition from England in an attempt to"
"and crab, have become an increasing component of the fishing industry, which has been in decline. Since the late 1990s, the Hibernia oil field has become an important economic resource for Newfoundland and Labrador, and the Terra Nova oil field is increasingly important to Nova Scotia. Further oil and gas exploration is being conducted on the Scotian Shelf. Most of the waters in this zone are thousands of metres deep, with the exception of the Grand Banks, which average about 150 metres before the sea floor drops precipitously beyond the continental shelf. Exceptionally dense fog is common where the cold"
"rock crabs. The deeper waters are home to a variety of fish, such as Atlantic cod, sculpins and cunners, halibut, haddock, sharks, and marine mammals, such as dolphins, porpoises, and whales. Whales seen off Newfoundland include Pilot whales, minkes, sei whales, fin whales and humpbacks. Harp and hooded seals are usually found in the spring, giving birth to their young on coastal ice floes. The tundra is a sub-Arctic zone with long, cold winters and short, warm summers. Precipitation is low. Soil a meter below ground and deeper is permanently frozen (permafrost), which does not allow water to drain easily"
"the early British settlers soon turned to fishing to survive; fishing remains a significant economic driver. Largely due to its inhospitable climate and remoteness, Down East Maine has remained one of the state's least developed areas. In Canada, ""Down East"" typically refers to the Maritime Provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island. Newfoundland and the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec are sometimes included. The term gave its name to Down East fiddling, which developed in the Maritimes and has become one of the most prominent styles of Canadian fiddling. The style is closely associated with New Brunswick native Don"
"island's highest points, the Lewis Hills and Gros Morne are located within this mountain range. To the east is a depression or graben about wide, which is occupied by Deer Lake and Grand Lake. The main plateau of the central part of the island, which was once the sea bottom of the ancient Iapetus Ocean, has been heavily eroded by water and ice. Steep, solitary rock knobs, called ""tolts"" in Newfoundland (elsewhere known as inselbergs or monadnocks), which jut or more above the generally flat terrain are the remnants of a former higher landscape level. Glaciers which helped shape these"
"lobster, rose fish, seals, and whales. The fishing industry depends very heavily upon exports and world conditions. Agriculture in the West started with Peter Pond gardening plots at Lake Athabasca in 1778. Although large-scale agriculture was still many years off, Hudson's Bay Company traders, gold rush miners, and missionaries cultivated crops, gardens and raised livestock. The Northwest Territories, Yukon, and Nunavut are covered with the Canadian Shield, and rocky outcrops, sub Arctic forest soils, and stony phases make up most of the geography. It is an area of comparatively smaller population and not commercially exploited for the most part. Whaling,"
"which resulted in extensive damage to transatlantic cables and generated a rare Atlantic tsunami that struck the south coast of Newfoundland and eastern Cape Breton Island, claiming 28 lives in the Burin Peninsula. Technological advances in fishing such as large factory ships and sonar, as well as geopolitical disputes over territorial sea and exclusive economic zone (EEZ) boundaries, have led to overfishing and a serious decline in the fish stocks of the Grand Banks from around 1990. Canada's EEZ currently occupies the majority of the Grand Banks except for the lucrative ""nose"" (eastern extremity, near the Flemish Cap) and ""tail"""
"wooded area, the North Island is smaller, mostly barren. It is located in Notre Dame Bay, on the northeast coast of the island of Newfoundland. The community was first established as a series of random settlements around the islands tied to seasonal fishing activity which developed into a cohesive community. The first European settlers arrived sometime in the mid-18th century to fish. The residents of Change Islands have preserved many of their traditional homes, stages, and stores (fishing sheds); many of these landmarks are disappearing in much of coastal Newfoundland and Labrador with the collapse of the ground fishery. There"
"southern shore is formed by Nova Scotia. The only island of note is Ephraim Island, located in Upper Cape, New Brunswick. Baie Verte has several sub-basins, the most notable being Pugwash Harbour and Pugwash Basin, formed by the tidal estuary of the Pugwash River. Baie Verte is home to nesting colonies of sea birds and is a nursery area for fin and shell fishes. Its extensive salt marshes at the western end of the bay create important habitat for wetland animals. The bay supports several recreational areas, primarily at Heather Beach Provincial Park, Northport Beach Provincial Park, Amherst Shore Provincial"
"the main communities are Burin, Marystown, and Placentia. On 14 August 1941 US Naval Station Argentia located in Little Placentia Sound was the site of the Atlantic Conference for the Atlantic Charter, where Winston Churchill and Franklin D. Roosevelt met face to face for the first time since both took office and the start of World War II. Placentia Bay Placentia Bay () is a body of water on the southeast coast of Newfoundland, Canada. It is formed by Burin Peninsula on the west and Avalon Peninsula on the east. Fishing grounds in the bay were used by native people"
"Atlantic Marine Ecozone The Atlantic Marine Ecozone, as defined by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), is a Canadian marine ecozone that stretches from the Davis Strait to encompass the Grand Banks, to the Avalon Peninsula on the shores of Newfoundland. It includes all of the southern coast of Newfoundland, all the eastern coast of Nova Scotia, and portions of the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf of Maine. The waters of this zone have been overfished, and in 1992 the Government of Canada banned cod fishing, though there are no restrictions on other species. Shellfish species, including lobster, shrimp,"
"Cape Shore The Cape Shore is a region on the southwestern portion of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. Often confused or conflated with the Southern Shore (a rural district with strong Irish-Newfoundland heritage stretching south from St. John's to Trepassey), the Cape Shore is similarly rural and populated by Irish Newfoundlanders, but is geographically distinct. It is named for Cape St. Mary's, the southeastern tip of Placentia Bay, celebrated in the famous Newfoundland ballad ""Let Me Fish Off Cape St. Mary's"". The Cape Shore begins south of Placentia and continues along the eastern shore of Placentia"
"The Maritimes The Maritimes, also called the Maritime provinces () or the Canadian Maritimes, is a region of Eastern Canada consisting of three provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island (PEI). The Maritimes had a population of 1,813,606 in 2016. The Maritimes, together with Canada's easternmost province, Newfoundland and Labrador, make up the region of Atlantic Canada. Located along the Atlantic coast, various aquatic sub-basins are located in the Maritimes, such as the Gulf of Maine and Gulf of St. Lawrence. The region is located northeast of New England, southeast of Quebec's Gaspé Peninsula, and southwest of the"
"Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, as well as Île-Saint-Jean (Prince Edward Island), Île-Royale (Cape Breton Island), and other shorelines of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in present-day Newfoundland and Labrador, and Quebec. Acadian settlements had primarily agrarian economies, although there were many early examples of Acadian fishing settlements in southwestern Nova Scotia and in Île-Royale, as well as along the south and west coasts of Newfoundland, the Gaspé Peninsula, and the present-day Côte-Nord region of Quebec. Most Acadian fishing activities were overshadowed by the comparatively enormous seasonal European fishing fleets based out of Newfoundland which took advantage of proximity to"
"stocks on the Grand Banks off Newfoundland launched this industry in the 16th century. Today these stocks are nearly depleted, and their conservation has become a preoccupation of the Atlantic Provinces. On the West Coast, tuna stocks are now restricted. The less depleted (but still greatly diminished) salmon population continues to drive a strong fisheries industry. Canada claims of territorial sea, a contiguous zone of , an exclusive economic zone of and a continental shelf of or to the edge of the continental margin. Forestry has long been a major industry in Canada. Forest products contribute one fifth of the"
"surrounding low land and marshes along the Bay of Fundy shore, namely the Fort Lawrence Ridge (in Nova Scotia), the Aulac Ridge, the Sackville Ridge, and the Memramcook Ridge (in New Brunswick). In contrast to the Bay of Fundy shoreline in the west, the Northumberland Strait shoreline in the east is largely forested, with serpentine tidal estuaries such as the Tidnish River penetrating inland. The narrowest point on the Northumberland shoreline is opposite the Cumberland Basin at Baie Verte. If sea levels were to rise by 12 meters, the isthmus would be flooded, effectively making mainland Nova Scotia an island."
"population is still found along the coast. Settlement of Labrador followed a similar pattern, with the interior being settled only in the latter part of the 20th century with the development of the iron ore mines at Wabush, hydroelectric generation at Churchill Falls and the military base at Goose Bay. Aboriginal peoples include the Innu, Inuit and Métis of Labrador and the Mi'kmaq in Newfoundland. One aboriginal group, the Beothuks, became extinct in the early 19th century. Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province in Canada. The Strait of Belle Isle separates the province into"
"Newfoundland (island) Newfoundland (, ; ) is a large Canadian island off the east coast of the North American mainland, and the most populous part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It has 29 percent of the province's land area. The island is separated from the Labrador Peninsula by the Strait of Belle Isle and from Cape Breton Island by the Cabot Strait. It blocks the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River, creating the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, the world's largest estuary. Newfoundland's nearest neighbour is the French overseas community of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. With an area of"
"3 towns and one census subdivision was 1,117. Cape Shore The Cape Shore is a region on the southwestern portion of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. Often confused or conflated with the Southern Shore (a rural district with strong Irish-Newfoundland heritage stretching south from St. John's to Trepassey), the Cape Shore is similarly rural and populated by Irish Newfoundlanders, but is geographically distinct. It is named for Cape St. Mary's, the southeastern tip of Placentia Bay, celebrated in the famous Newfoundland ballad ""Let Me Fish Off Cape St. Mary's"". The Cape Shore begins south of Placentia"
"Burin Peninsula The Burin Peninsula is a peninsula located on the south coast of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The Burin Peninsula extends to the southwest from the main island of Newfoundland, separating Fortune Bay to the west from Placentia Bay to the east. It measures approximately in length and between in width. It is connected by a wide isthmus between Terrenceville and Monkstown. It was originally named the Buria Peninsula by fishermen from the Basque region during the 16th century. For centuries there were plentiful cod, other fish and crustaceans, which supplied a"
"valley that separates the plateau proper from the Scotia Arc – an underwater ridge that links Tierra Del Fuego with the Burdwood Bank (where the water is only deep) and, further into the Atlantic Ocean/Great Southern Ocean, with a number of islands including South Orkneys, South Sandwich Islands and South Georgia. Licences to harvest the large variety of fish that live on the shelf provides a major source of income for the islands as does the licensing of oil exploration. The Falkland Islands have a maritime climate in the transition region between the tundra and subarctic zones (Köppen classifications ""ET"""
"depths. In shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, petroleum and natural gas are extracted, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Papua New Guinea, Nicaragua, Panama, and the Philippines, although in sharply declining volume in some cases. Fish are an important economic asset in the Pacific. The shallower shoreline waters of the continents and the more temperate islands yield herring, salmon, sardines, snapper, swordfish, and tuna, as well as shellfish. Overfishing has become a serious problem in some areas. For example, catches in the rich fishing grounds of the"
"Haystack, Newfoundland and Labrador Haystack was a former fishing settlement located on the northern portion of Long Island, Placentia Bay of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It was resettled during the resettlement program of the 1950s and 60s. The community takes its name from a natural protuberance approximately 50 feet in height located (47.633829, -54.062453) on the extreme end of the peninsula surrounding the natural harbour; called the haystack. Prior to any settlement within Haystack, it's close proximity to good fishing grounds it served as a seasonal base for fisherman. As the number"
"Placentia Bay Placentia Bay () is a body of water on the southeast coast of Newfoundland, Canada. It is formed by Burin Peninsula on the west and Avalon Peninsula on the east. Fishing grounds in the bay were used by native people long before the first European fishermen arrived in the 16th century. For a time, the French controlled the bay. They built their capital at Placentia on the east coast. The British gained Placentia during the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. The town and nearby Castle Hill are national historic sites. English settlement followed in the bay and today"
"to 23 °C in the south. In spring, phytoplankton biomass increases significantly, becoming a rich source of food within the ecozone. Atlantic Marine Ecozone The Atlantic Marine Ecozone, as defined by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC), is a Canadian marine ecozone that stretches from the Davis Strait to encompass the Grand Banks, to the Avalon Peninsula on the shores of Newfoundland. It includes all of the southern coast of Newfoundland, all the eastern coast of Nova Scotia, and portions of the Bay of Fundy and the Gulf of Maine. The waters of this zone have been overfished, and in"
"of the artifacts place them between AD 200-700. For navigational safety a gas lamp was erected at Gull Island, Cape Freels in 1924. 'Cape Freels Coastline and Cabot Island' is designated as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International. The area provides important nesting habitat for seabirds such as Common Eider, Common Murre, Razorbill, Common Tern, and Arctic Tern. Cape Freels Cape Freels is a headland on the island of Newfoundland, in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, and the location of a community of the same name. This cape, located at the northern extremity of Bonavista Bay, is"
"Newfoundland. The Iapetus Ocean was an ancient ocean which existed in the Southern Hemisphere approximately 600 million years ago and was bordered by several paleocontinents: Laurentia, Ganderia, Carolinia, Avalonia, and Baltica. During a series of geological events, the Salinic orogeny and Caledonian orogeny all three land masses began to converge upon each other slowly diminishing the ocean by subducting the oceanic crust. By the end of the Silurian period, approximately 420 million years ago, the ocean had disappeared. The geological fault zone resulting from the continental collision is known as the Iapetus Suture, named after the ocean it replaced. The"
"the state; the central Piedmont region, and the Mountain region in the west, which is part of the Appalachian Mountains. The coastal plain consists of more specifically-defined areas known as the Outer Banks, a string of sandy, narrow barrier islands separated from the mainland by sounds or inlets, including Albemarle Sound and Pamlico Sound, the tidewater region, the native home of the venus flytrap, and the inner coastal plain, where longleaf pine trees are native. So many ships have been lost off Cape Hatteras that the area is known as the ""Graveyard of the Atlantic""; more than 1,000 ships have"
"Geography of Newfoundland and Labrador Newfoundland and Labrador is the easternmost province in Canada. The Strait of Belle Isle separates the province into two geographical divisions, Labrador and the island of Newfoundland. The province also includes over seven thousand small islands. Labrador is the easternmost part of the Canadian Shield, a vast area of ancient metamorphic rock comprising much of northeastern North America. Colliding tectonic plates have shaped much of the geology of Newfoundland. Gros Morne National Park has a reputation of being an outstanding example of tectonics at work, and as such has been designated a World Heritage Site."
"Grand Codroy Estuary The Grand Codroy Estuary is a 925 hectare wetland on the southwestern coast of the island of Newfoundland in Canada, approximately 30 km north of Port aux Basques. It is ""[one] of the most productive of Newfoundland's few estuarine wetland sites"", and is ""the province's most important wetland"". It is a Wetland of International Importance under the Ramsar Convention, receiving this designation on May 27, 1987. To the south is a globally significant Important Bird Area. As a result of the provincial Order in Council named the Hunting Prohibition Order, hunting has not been permitted on the"
"Grand Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador) Grand Bay ( NST) is a small bay immediately to the west of Channel-Port aux Basques, Newfoundland, Canada. Two communities line the bay, on the east is Grand Bay East and on the west, Grand Bay West. Grand Bay first appeared on Captain James Cook's 1766 chart of the south coast of Newfoundland. It was the landing place for Micmac and French groups who crossed the Cabot Strait in the early 18th century in contravention of the terms of the Treaty of Utrecht (1713). Kettle and Lomond were common surnames among the settlers in the"
"Great Brehat Great Brehat is a small fishing village on the Great Northern Peninsula of Newfoundland, located 10 km north of St.Anthony. As fishing has declined, the village has become a tourist attraction. Great Brehat is located on a small bay, Great Brehat Bay, on the eastern side of the Great Northern Peninsula. Flat Point Lookout is located at the northern end of the bay. Brehat Point forms the southern boundary of the bay. The black shales in the area may yield precious metals. The original settled indigenous peoples were of the Dorset culture, and the area was visited by"