"2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes The 2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes struck in northern Afghanistan during the month of March. At least 166 people were killed with a very large and intermediate-depth mainshock on March 3. Three weeks later, at least a further thousand were killed during a large, but shallow aftershock that had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (""Very strong""). The M7.4 and M6.1 reverse events were focused in the Hindu Kush mountain range area. At 12:08:19 UTC a 7.4 tremor hit an area S of Feyzabad, Afghanistan. At least 150 people were killed, several injured and 400 houses damaged"
"""Hindu Kush"" has been commonly seen to mean ""Hindu killer"", but two other meanings of the term include ""sparkling snows of India"" and ""mountains of India"" with ""Kush"" possibly a soft variant of ""Kuh"" which means ""mountain"". Hindu Kush in Arabic means mountains of India. To Arab geographers, states Allan, Hindu Kush was the frontier boundary where Hindustan started. According to McColl, the origins of the Hindu Kush name are controversial. Along with its origin in the perishing of Indian slaves, two other possibilities exist. The term could be a corruption of Hindu Koh from pre-Islamic times where it separated"
"""Hindu Kush"" meant both ""mountains of India"" and ""sparkling snows of India"", as he notes, from a Central Asian perspective. Furthermore, some believe it to be the name derived from the rule of the Hindu god Rama's son, Kusha, who ruled in Kasur, in present-day Punjab, Pakistan. Hindū Kūh (ھندوکوه) and Kūh-e Hind (کوهِ ھند) are usually applied to the entire range separating the basins of the Kabul and Helmand rivers from that of the Amu River (ancient Oxus), or more specifically, to that part of the range lying northwest of the Afghan capital Kabul. Sanskrit documents possibly refer to"
"Hindu Kush westwards. The Hindu Kush represents the southern edge of a great central upheaval or plateau. It breaks up into long spurs southwards, deep amongst which are hidden the valleys of Nuristan, almost isolated from each other by the rugged and snow-capped altitudes which divide them. To the north the plateau gradually slopes away towards the Oxus, falling from an average altitude of 15,000 feet to 4,000 feet about Faizabad, in the centre of Badakhshan, but tailing off to ~100 at Kunduz, in Kataghan, where it merges into the flat plains bordering the Oxus river. The Kokcha River traverses"
"55 million years ago, towards the end of Palaeocene. This collision created the Himalayas, including the Hindu Kush. The Hindu Kush range remains geologically active and is still rising. It is prone to earthquakes. The origins of the name ""Hindu Kush"" are uncertain, with various theories being propounded by different scholars and writers. According to ""Hobson-Jobson"", the name might be a possible corruption of ""Indicus Caucasus"", with another explanation mentioned first by Ibn Batuta remaining popular despite doubts upon it, and the modification of the name by some later writers into Hindu ""Koh"" is factitious and throws no light on"
"the Hindu Kush as Pāriyātra Parvata. The Persian-English dictionary indicates that the word 'koš' [kʰoʃ] is derived from the verb ('koštan' ), meaning ""to kill"". According to Francis Joseph Steingass, the word and suffix ""-kush"" means ""a male; (imp. of kushtan in comp.) a killer, who kills, slays, murders, oppresses as ""azhdaha-kush"""". ""A Practical Dictionary of the Persian Language"" gives the meaning of the word ""kush"" as ""hotbed"". According to one interpretation, the name ""Hindu Kush"" means ""kills the Hindu"" or ""Hindu killer"" and is a reminder of the days when slaves from the Indian subcontinent died in the harsh"
"which many Indian slaves died of the cold weather. Battuta wrote, The name Hindu Kush is relatively young, states Ervin Grötzbach, and it is ""missing from the accounts of the early Arab geographers and occurs for the first time in Ibn Baṭṭuṭa (ca. 1330)"". Ibn Baṭṭuṭa, states Grötzbach, saw the ""origin of the name Hindu Kush (Hindu-killer) in the fact that numerous Hindu slaves died crossing the pass on their way from India to Turkestan"". In contrast, state Fosco Maraini and Nigel Allan, the earliest known usage occurs on a map published about 1000 CE. According to Allan, the term"
"the name's origin. In the time of Alexander the Great, the Hindu Kush range was referred to as the ""Caucasus Indicus"" or the ""Caucasus of the Indus River"" (as opposed to the Greater Caucasus range between the Caspian and Black Seas), and in the time of Islam in India, the regular invasions possibly derived Hind Kash as ""Hindu Kush"" ""Hindū Kūh"" () and ""Kūh-e Hind"" () usually applied to the entire range separating the basins of the Kabul and Helmand Rivers from that of the Amu Darya, or, more specifically, to that part of the range lying northwest of Kabul."
"Azerbaijan and Turkey. The people of these mountains have very diverse origins, with cultures influenced by periods of Turkic, Iranian and Russian control. Some, including the Georgians and Armenians, are mostly Christian, while others are Muslim in religion. The Hindu Kush is a mountain range located between Afghanistan and Pakistan. It is the westernmost extension of the Pamir Mountains, the Karakoram Range, and is a sub-range of the Himalayas. Lower mountains including the Sulaiman Range extend south to the Arabian Sea. The people of this region generally speak Indo-Iranian languages such as Pashto, Balochi, and languages of the Dardic and"
"in the Chitral District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. To the north, near its northeastern end, the Hindu Kush buttresses the Pamir Mountains near the point where the borders of China, Pakistan and Afghanistan meet, after which it runs southwest through Pakistan and into Afghanistan near their border. The eastern end of the Hindu Kush in the north merges with the Karakoram Range. Towards its southern end, it connects with the Spin Ghar Range near the Kabul River. The Hindu Kush range region was a historically significant centre of Buddhism with sites such as the Bamiyan Buddhas. The range and communities"
"the Hindu Kush. The dense forests of the southeast cover only 2.7% of the country. Roundwood production in 2003 was 3,148,000 cubic metres, with 44% used for fuel. The destruction of the forests to create agricultural land, logging, forest fires, plant diseases, and insect pests are all causes of the reduction in forest coverage. Illegal logging and clear-cutting by timber smugglers have exacerbated this destructive process. There is currently a ban on cutting new timber in Afghanistan. Prior to 2001 and under Taliban rule, massive deforestation of the country side was permitted and Afghans moved large quantities of logs into"
"water from the western Hindu Kush. The basin of these rivers serves the ecology and economy of the region west to Hindu Kush, but the water flow in these rivers fluctuates severely and has been a historical problem for any settlement. Extreme and extended droughts have been common. The Hindu Kush are orographically described in several parts. The western Hindu Kush, states Yarshater, rises to over and stretches between Darra-ye Sekari and the Shibar Pass in the west and the Khawak Pass in the east. The central Hindu Kush rising over has numerous spurs between the Khawak Pass in the"
"settled in it hosted ancient monasteries, important trade networks, and travelers between Central Asia and South Asia. The Hindu Kush range has also been the passageway during the invasions of the Indian subcontinent, and continues to be important during modern era warfare in Afghanistan. Geologically, the range is rooted in the formation of a subcontinent from a region of Gondwana that drifted away from East Africa about 160 million years ago, around the Middle Jurassic period. The Indian subcontinent, Australia and islands of the Indian Ocean rifted further, drifting northeastwards, with the Indian subcontinent colliding with the Eurasian plate nearly"
"Mir, Noshaq, and Istoro Nal, the highest peaks in the Hindu Kush. The range also extends into Ghizar, Yasin Valley, and Ishkoman in Pakistan's Northern Areas. Chitral, Pakistan, is considered to be the pinnacle of the Hindu Kush region. The highest peaks, as well as countless passes and massive glaciers, are located in this region. The Chiantar, Kurambar, and Terich glaciers are amongst the most extensive in the Hindu Kush and the meltwater from these glaciers form the Kunar River, which eventually flows south into Afghanistan and joins the Bashgal, Panjshir, and eventually the much smaller Kabul River. The mountains"
"Kara Kush Kara Kush, subtitled ""The Gold of Ahmad Shah"", is an adventure novel by the Anglo–Afghan writer, thinker and teacher in the Sufi mystical tradition, Idries Shah. In Afghan-Turki, kara kush means ""eagle"" and in the book this refers to the central character, a resistance leader nicknamed ""The Eagle"". First published in 1986, it is to be republished in October 2018 by ISF Publishing, including new hardcover and paperback editions. Ebook and audiobook editions of ""Kara Kush"" will be produced for the first time. The novel is set in 20th–century Afghanistan during the Soviet–Afghan War, which lasted from 1979"
"Kuh-e Bandaka Kuh-e Bandaka (Pashto: کوه بندکا) or Kohe Bandaka, Koh-i Bandaka, Bandako, or incorrectly ""Koh-i-Bandakor"") is one of the highest peaks of the Hindu Kush mountain range in northeastern Afghanistan. It is northeast of Kabul and west of Chitral. Separated by a relatively low pass from the core of the Hindu Kush, it is the second highest mountain entirely within Afghanistan, and the most topographically prominent peak in all of Afghanistan. On September 22, 1960, the second German expedition to visit the Hindu Kush made the first ascent of Kuh-e Bandaka. The members of the expedition were Wolfgang von"
"have historical significance in the Indian subcontinent and China. The Hindu Kush range was a major centre of Buddhism with sites such as the Bamiyan Buddhas. It has also been the passageway during the invasions of the Indian subcontinent, a region where the Taliban and Al Qaeda grew, and to modern era warfare in Afghanistan. Buddhism was widespread in the ancient Hindu Kush region. Ancient artwork of Buddhism include the giant rock carved statues called the Bamiyan Buddha, in the southern and western end of the Hindu Kush. These statues were blown up by the Taliban Islamists. The southeastern valleys"
"The Kafirs of the Hindu Kush The Kafirs of the Hindu Kush is a book written by Sir George Scott Robertson and originally published in 1896 by Lawrence & Bullen Ltd. Sir George Scott Robertson was the first Victorian to travel into Kafiristan and recounted the experience of his adventures in Kafiristan in his book ""The Kafirs of the Hindu Kush"" published in 1896. The book dispelled many popular fictions about the Kafirs, their customs and their lineage. ""The Kafirs of the Hindu Kush"" was the first book which brought the inhabitants of Kafiristan and their animism to the attention"
"Koh e Hindu Koh e Hindu ( ""Mountain of the Hindu"") is a mountain of the Hindu Kush in Afghanistan. It is located in near Shakardara District and Mir Bacha Kot District, Kabul Province. For Hindus, in ancient times, for example, in pre-Islamic times, when even the name Afghanistan was not, but then the mountains of Hindus have for residents with Hindu religious denominations in the Iranian plateau (eastern) enormous importance. The Islamization of the ""Iranzamin"" or Aryana or Ariana in the east began to eleventh century. There are still some names with the religious terminology of Hinduism that the"
"weather typical of the Afghani mountains while being taken to Central Asia. ""The World Book Encyclopedia"" states that the word ""kush"" means death, and was probably given to the mountains because of their dangerous passes. In his travel memoirs about India, the 14th century Moroccan traveller Muhammad Ibn Battuta mentioned crossing into India via the mountain passes of the Hindu Kush. In his ""Rihla"", he mentions these mountains and the history of the range in slave trading. Alexander von Humboldt stated that it can be learned from his work that the name only referred to a single mountain pass upon"
"Kusha (Ramayana) Kusha or Kusa (Sanskrit: कुश) and his twin brother Lava were the children of Rama and Sita. Their story is recounted in the Hindu epic, the Ramayana. Hindu traditions claim he ruled the entire region of Kashmir, Indus River and Hindu Kush as frontier lands of India known as Hindu Kush Kshetra and founded the city of Kashmir in the valley and Kasur with Lavapuri of lava in base lands, though local lore contends Kasur was founded in 1525 by Pashtun migrants. His brother Lava is traditionally believed to have founded ""Lavapuri"" (current day city of Lahore). The"
"A Short Walk in the Hindu Kush A Short Walk in the Hindu Kush is a 1958 book by the English travel writer Eric Newby. It is an autobiographical account of his adventures in the Hindu Kush, around the Nuristan mountains of Afghanistan, ostensibly to make the first mountaineering ascent of Mir Samir. Critics have found it comic, intensely English, and understated. It has sold over 500,000 copies in paperback. The action in the book moves from Newby's life in the fashion business in London to Afghanistan. On the way Newby describes his very brief training in mountaineering in North"
"and love) and moksha (pursuit of self-knowledge and liberation). Hindu Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism. It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. The historical meaning of the term ""Hindu"" has evolved with time. Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the"
"past record of Gupta, national president of Hindu Sena"". Bassi had added, ""The caller had already come to the police's notice because of his past record."" Hindu Sena Hindu Sena (IAST: Hindu Sēnā) (translation; ""Army of Hindus""), also known by the name Sena, is an Indian Non-profit organization. Its ideology is based on pro-Hindu ideology and Hindu nationalism (Hindutva), founded on 10 August 2011 by Vishnu Gupta, who is also its current leader. The organization originally emerged from a movement in New Delhi demanding equal treatment for Hindus. Members of Hindu Sena are referred to as Hindu sainiks. Although the"
"newspaper, Nasser Yousaf states that Kara Kush provides ""a fulfilling reading into the Afghan history, culture, geography and ethnology as the writer takes his readers on a tour de force of the snow–covered mountains, parched deserts, fecund vineyards and orchards, dense woods and dirt tracks of a country at war with a super power."" Kara Kush Kara Kush, subtitled ""The Gold of Ahmad Shah"", is an adventure novel by the Anglo–Afghan writer, thinker and teacher in the Sufi mystical tradition, Idries Shah. In Afghan-Turki, kara kush means ""eagle"" and in the book this refers to the central character, a resistance"
"sediment of Zoroastrianism (northeast), Paganism (south and east), Buddhism (southeast), Hinduism (Kabul/Logar) and others. It was inhabited by various peoples, including Persians, Khalaj, Turks, and Afghans. South of the Hindu Kush was ruled by the Zunbils, offspring of the southern-Hephthalite. The east was controlled by the Kabul Shahis. The Zunbil and Kabul Shahis were connected by culture with the rest of the Indian subcontinent. The Zunbil kings worshipped a sun god by the name of ""Zun"" from which they derived their name. Some contemporary historians wrongly assume that everyone who worshipped idols in South Asia were Hindus. For example, André"
"Hindu Kush mountains, where it occurs at elevations of . Besides the Shibar Pass, it is known from Deh Sabz and Unai Pass, and a few other localities between 67° and 69° E in the northerly ranges of the Hindu Kush. This species disperses in the winter especially after heavy snowfalls, and moves slightly beyond its breeding range, into lower altitudes and northwards into Badghis Province. It has been recorded on occasion as a vagrant in southern Turkmenistan. Its habitats are stony mountain slopes, plateaux, and open hillsides in the passes. Despite having a relatively small range and population, it"
"language and Kharoṣṭhī script, while others are in Sanskrit and written in forms of the Gupta script. According to Alfred Foucher, the Hindu Kush and nearby regions gradually converted to Buddhism by the 1st century CE, and this region was the base from where Buddhism crossed the Hindu Kush expanding into the Oxus valley region of Central Asia. After the Islamic conquest of the region and Islam becoming the state religion, Buddhism vanished and locals became Muslims. The significance of the Hindu Kush mountains ranges has been recorded since the time of Darius I of Persia. Alexander the Great entered"
"while its southeastern end witness the fringe of Indian subcontinent summer monsoons. From about , states Yarshater, ""sklerophyllous forests are predominant with Quercus and Olea (wild olive); above that up to a height of about one finds coniferous forests with cedars, Picea, Abies, Pinus, and junipers"". The inner valleys of the Hindu Kush see little rain and have desert vegetation. Numerous high passes (""""kotal"""") transect the mountains, forming a strategically important network for the transit of caravans. The most important mountain pass is the Salang Pass (Kotal-e Salang) (); it links Kabul and points south of it to northern Afghanistan."
"Iranian and Turkic cultures. Alone in the food and customs can be seen in this room Chinese, Turanian, Iranian and Indian ways of life. The River of Kabul and the other rivers of the Hindu Kush have been praised in Vedic and Avestan hymns, especially the eastern and southern watersheds of the Hindu Kush, the western sources of the Indus (Sindh). ""Koh"" (eastern sound of Persian) or ""Kuh"" (western sound) () or serval words with sound change, mean in all indo-Iranian linguages ""mountain"" or refer to mountains. ""चोटी"" (""cōṭī"" or ""Kuta"") and दर्रा (""Darrā"") and कूतल (Kūtala), ""Lutke"" are the"
"mountain range to and from the north by the Karakoram. This consists of three mountain ranges, namely: Karakoram, Himalayas and Hindu Kush. The clash between these ranges of the three major geology makes for an interesting and very complex in northern Pakistan. Three main domains; A) Karakoram B) Himalayas I. And Siwaliks Second. Below the Himalayas or the external Third. Central Himalayas C) Hindu Kush Land between two rivers is called DOAB in the local language.The name Indus comes from the Sanskrit word ""sindhu"", meaning ""ocean"", from which also come the words Sindh, Hindu, and India. The Indus River, one"
"Hindu Sena Hindu Sena (IAST: Hindu Sēnā) (translation; ""Army of Hindus""), also known by the name Sena, is an Indian Non-profit organization. Its ideology is based on pro-Hindu ideology and Hindu nationalism (Hindutva), founded on 10 August 2011 by Vishnu Gupta, who is also its current leader. The organization originally emerged from a movement in New Delhi demanding equal treatment for Hindus. Members of Hindu Sena are referred to as Hindu sainiks. Although the organization's primary base is still in New Delhi, it has tried to expand to a PAN-India base. Hindu Sena has active units in the states of"
"century, the Sikh Empire expanded under Ranjit Singh in the northwest till the Hindu Kush range. The Hindu Kush served as a geographical barrier to the British empire, leading to paucity of information and scarce direct interaction between the British colonial officials and Central Asian peoples. The British had to rely on tribal chiefs, Sadozai and Barakzai noblemen for information, and they generally downplayed the reports of slavery and other violence for geo-political strategic considerations. In the colonial era, the Hindu Kush were considered, informally, the dividing line between Russian and British areas of influence in Afghanistan. During the Cold"