"second book of the series, ""The Judas Rose"", the constructors of Láadan use Thursday-night women's prayer services beyond their own households. Part of this task involves translating the King James Version into Láadan. A portion of Psalm 23, verse 5 is translated with cultural shifts: The King James Version reads, here, ""…thou anointest my head with oil…"" Bible translations into fictional languages Bible translations into constructed languages that were created as part of a fictional setting include: Quenya is a fictional language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien. Various parts of the Bible have been translated into Neo-Quenya, an attempt"
"Entish Entish is a constructed language from the fictional works of J.R.R. Tolkien. It is the language spoken by the Ents in Middle-earth. Ents are not hasty creatures; they take their time. Even their language is ""unhasty"". Their language appears to be based on an ancient form of Common Eldarin, later enriched by Quenya and Sindarin, although it includes many unique 'tree-ish' additions. There are actually two different languages: Old Entish and ""New Entish"". Originally, the Ents had no ""language"" of their own. However the first Elves encountered the first Ents in the primeval forests of Middle-earth, not long after"
"concept was later dropped. Oromëan In an older version of J.R.R. Tolkien's conception of the languages of Middle-earth as expounded in the Lhammas, Oromëan is the language family to which all Elvish languages, such as Quenya and Sindarin, belong. It is there contrasted with Aulëan, the language phylum of Khuzdul, the language of the Dwarves; and with the Melkian languages of Orcs, Balrogs and other monsters. The Oromëan languages are so named because their ancestral language supposedly derives from the speech of Oromë, the Vala of the Forest, who was the first of the Valar to meet the Elves at"
"Telerin Telerin (""Lindalambë"") is a constructed language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien. It is one of the many fictional languages set in his fictional world, Arda, often referred to as Middle-earth, where it is the language of the Teleri of Valinor. Telerin evolved directly from Common Telerin, the primordial tongue of the Teleri or Lindar, a clan of the Elves. During the Great Journey it diverged from Common Eldarin, which itself was descended from Primitive Quendian, the original language of all Quendi, or Elves. The descendants of Common Telerin are Telerin, Sindarin, and the various Nandorin languages. The language"
"and he said his stories grew out of his languages. Indeed, the languages were the first thing Tolkien ever created for his mythos, starting with what he originally called ""Elfin"" or ""Qenya"". This was later spelled Quenya (High-elven) and, along with Sindarin (Grey-elven), is one of the two most complete of Tolkien's constructed languages. In addition to these two Tolkien also created many other (related) Elvish languages. Elves are also credited with creating the Tengwar (by Fëanor) and Cirth (Daeron) scripts. The 1977 Rankin Bass animated version of ""The Hobbit"", with character designs by Lester Abrams, features Wood Elves as"
"Oromëan In an older version of J.R.R. Tolkien's conception of the languages of Middle-earth as expounded in the Lhammas, Oromëan is the language family to which all Elvish languages, such as Quenya and Sindarin, belong. It is there contrasted with Aulëan, the language phylum of Khuzdul, the language of the Dwarves; and with the Melkian languages of Orcs, Balrogs and other monsters. The Oromëan languages are so named because their ancestral language supposedly derives from the speech of Oromë, the Vala of the Forest, who was the first of the Valar to meet the Elves at Cuiviénen in Middle-earth. This"
"of Tolkien's Elvish languages was his development of a complex internal history of characters to speak those tongues in their own fictional universe. He felt that his languages changed and developed over time, as with the historical languages which he studied professionally—not in a vacuum, but as a result of the migrations and interactions of the peoples who spoke them. Within Tolkien's legendarium, Quenya is one of the many Elvish languages spoken by the immortal Elves, called ""Quendi"" ('speakers') in Quenya. Quenya translates as simply ""language"" or, in contrast to other tongues that the Elves met later in their long"
"Elvish languages (Middle-earth) J. R. R. Tolkien constructed many Elvish languages. These were the languages spoken by the tribes of his Elves. Tolkien was a philologist by profession, and spent much time on his constructed languages. The Elvish languages were the first thing he imagined for his secondary world. Tolkien said that his stories grew out of his languages. Tolkien also created scripts for his Elvish languages, of which the best known are the Sarati, the Tengwar, and the Cirth. J. R. R. Tolkien began to construct his first ""Elvin tongue"" c. 1910–1911 while he was at the King Edward's"
"Goldogrin Goldogrin is a constructed language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien and used in his secondary world, often called Middle-earth. Goldogrin was spoken by the Second Clan of Elves, called ""Goldorim"" in that language, ""Gnomes"" in English (whence Gnomish for their language). In ""The Book of Lost Tales"" the second clan of Elves was also known in Elfin as the Noldoli and their language was called Noldorin. Tolkien was interested in languages from an early age, and developed several constructed languages while still a teen. Eventually, as a young adult, he created an entire family of constructed languages spoken"
"an Elf) contemporary with the fifth century mariner Eriol who came to Tol Eressëa. Goldogrin has a complex series of mutations. The most important is called ""Grammatical Mutation"" (or GM) for it was generalized to a rule and is used in many case not justified purely on phonological grounds. The apostrophe ’ indicates elision. Thus: ""Egla"" ""Elf"", ""in·Egla"" ""the Elf""; ""bess"" ""wife"", ""i·vess"" ""the wife"". Goldogrin Goldogrin is a constructed language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien and used in his secondary world, often called Middle-earth. Goldogrin was spoken by the Second Clan of Elves, called ""Goldorim"" in that language,"
"Elf (Middle-earth) In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, Elves are one of the races that inhabit a fictional Earth, often called Middle-earth, and set in the remote past. They appear in ""The Hobbit"" and in ""The Lord of the Rings"", but their complex history is described more fully in ""The Silmarillion"". Tolkien had been writing about Elves long before he published ""The Hobbit"". The modern English word ""elf"" derives from the Old English word ""ælf"" (which has cognates in all other Germanic languages). Numerous types of elves appear in Germanic mythology, the West Germanic concept appears to have come to"
"which he presented at ELFcon III in 1993. In Middle-earth, Taliska, when first devised, was the language spoken by Men of the houses of Bëor and Hador. Adûnaic, the language of Númenor, later displaced Taliska. During the writing of ""The Lord of the Rings"", Tolkien toyed with the idea of making Taliska the primordial tongue of the people of Rohan who spoke Old English in his translated setting of ""The Lord of the Rings"". Taliska Taliska is a constructed language devised by fantasy writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It is one of the many fictional languages set in his secondary"
"by Elves and a secondary world where these could evolve. Goldogrin was created c. 1915. It was Tolkien's first constructed language inspired by the Celtic languages. He wrote a substantial dictionary of Gnomish and a grammar. At the same time Tolkien conceived a History of the Elves and wrote it in the ""Book of Lost Tales"". Gnomish was spoken by the Gnomes, the Second Clan of Elves. At the same time, ""Elfin"" was the other tongue spoken by the great majority of the Elves of the Lonely Isle. The beginning of the ""Name-list of the ""Fall of Gondolin"""", one of"
"was inspired by the Celtic languages. Tolkien called it ""Goldogrin"" or ""Gnomish"" in English. He wrote a substantial dictionary of Gnomish and a grammar. This is the first conceptual stage of the Sindarin language. At the same time Tolkien conceived a History of the Elves and wrote it in the ""Book of Lost Tales"". Gnomish was spoken by the Gnomes or ""Noldoli"", the Second Clan of Elves, and ""Elfin"" was the other tongue spoken by the great majority of the Elves of the Lonely Isle. The beginning of the ""Name-list of the ""Fall of Gondolin"""", one of the ""Lost Tales"","
"possessed by a spirit or spirits that are stronger than the human vessel), and Ra'zac. Alagaësia was once host to a now extinct race or people known as the Grey Folk. There are multiple languages in the world of Alagaësia – many races have their own, and the ancient language - which is used to control magic - is spoken mainly by the elves. No one knows the true name of the ancient language, except for Eragon, Arya, and Murtagh. You cannot lie while speaking the ancient language, but you can still write lies through the Liduen Kvaedhí. The common"
"decided that the proto-language of the Elves was Valarin, the tongue of the gods or Valar: ""The language of the Elves derived in the beginning from the Valar, but they change it even in the learning, and moreover modified and enriched it constantly at all times by their own invention."" In his ""Comparative Tables"" Tolkien describes the mechanisms of sound change in the following daughter languages: ""Qenya, Lindarin"" (a dialect of Qenya), ""Telerin, Old Noldorin"" (or ""Fëanorian""), ""Noldorin"" (or ""Gondolinian""), ""Ilkorin"" (esp. of Doriath), ""Danian of Ossiriand, East Danian, Taliska, West Lemberin, North Lemberin, and East Lemberin"". In his lifetime"
"the Valarin language family is subdivided into Oromëan, Aulëan and Melkian tongues. In this work, all Elvish languages are descended from the tongue of Oromë, while the Dwarves spoke the tongue devised by the Vala Aulë, and the Speech of the Orcs was invented for them by the Vala Melkor. The Eldila in ""The Space Trilogy"" of C. S. Lewis bear a passing resemblance to the Valar. Tolkien and Lewis regularly critiqued one another's writing, and Lewis knew of the Valar before he wrote ""Out of the Silent Planet"", the first book in the Space Trilogy. Both the Valar and"
"Sindar In the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, the fictional Sindar (meaning ""Grey People"", singular ""Sinda"", although the latter term was not generally used by Tolkien) are Elves of Telerin descent. They are also known as the Grey Elves. Their language is Sindarin. The King of Doriath, Elu Thingol (Elwë) was the King of the Sindar. The Sindar were happy in Middle-earth, but once the desire for the Sea was aroused in them, they could not be content until they sailed to Eldamar. Although less learned and powerful than the Calaquendi and less interested in crafts than the Noldor,"
"and set in his Secondary world, often called Middle-earth. In the setting of Tolkien's works, Nandorin is the language of the Nandor Elves. It gradually disappeared from Middle-earth after the end of the First Age, when Sindar elves merged with the Silvan folk and were taken as their lords. Nandorin/Silvan gradually became extinct, surviving only in placenames such as Laurelindórinan/Lindórinand (old names for Lórien) and proper names such as Amroth. The daily tongue of the Silvan elves became Sindarin, or Sindarin with some Silvan influences. Nandor (Middle-earth) In the fictional world of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Nandor (singular ""Nando"")"
"less powerful than Light Elves, but the term 'Dark' did not imply they were in any way evil. In later years some of the Light Elves (chiefly the Noldor clan) returned to Middle-earth, mainly on a quest to retrieve precious jewels called the Silmarils, stolen from them by Morgoth. Originally Elves all spoke the same Common Eldarin ancestral tongue, but after the long separation of thousands of years it diverged into different languages. The two main Elven languages were Quenya, spoken by the Light Elves, and Sindarin, spoken by the Sindar, the Dark Elves who stayed behind in Beleriand as"
"Khuzdul Khuzdul is a fictional language created by J. R. R. Tolkien, and is one of the languages which feature in Middle-earth, and is the secret and private language of the Dwarves. Although not known, Tolkien had begun developing Khuzdul within the 1930's before the publication of The Hobbit, with some names appearing in the early versions of The Silmarillion. Tolkien based Khuzdul on Semitic languages primarily on Hebrew, featuring triconsonantal roots and similarities to Hebrew's phonology and morphology. Tolkien noted some similarities between Dwarves and Jews: both were ""at once natives and aliens in their habitations, speaking the languages"
"realms of Lórinand and Eryn Galen of the Wood Elves or establishing the kingdoms of Lindon, Eregion, Lothlórien and Imladris. The Havens of the Eldar are as follows: It has been observed in the ""Lhammas"" and other writings like ""The Etymologies"" that Tolkien employed the Indo-European type of proto-languages with branches and sub-branches of language families while inventing his various languages of Middle-earth. This ""concept of increasing separation"" is analogous to the Sundering of the Elves. Sundering of the Elves In J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium, the Elves are a sundered (divided) people. They awoke at Cuiviénen on the continent"
"war gods of classical myth. These characters are dropped from Tolkien's later works. Tolkien at first decided that Valarin, the tongue of the Valar as it is called in Quenya, would be the proto-language of the Elves, the tongue Oromë taught to the speechless Elves. He then developed the Valarin tongue and its grammar in the early 1930s. Ten years later he decided to drop that idea, and the tongue he had developed became Primitive Quendian instead. He then conceived an entirely new tongue for the Valar, still called Valarin in Quenya. The Valar as spiritual immortal beings have the"
"""The Monsters and the Critics"". A faulty fragment of the poem ""Narqelion"", written in early Quenya or Elfin between November 1915 and March 1916, was published by Humphrey Carpenter in his ""Biography"". A facsimile of the entire poem was published only in April 1999 in ""Vinyar Tengwar"" No. 40. Quenya Quenya () is one of the fictional languages devised by J. R. R. Tolkien and used by the Elves in his legendarium. Tolkien began devising the language around 1910 and restructured the grammar several times until Quenya reached its final state. The vocabulary remained relatively stable throughout the creation process."
"the Elves, the firstborn of the races of Middle-earth, because of their close connection to Valinor, and its decreasing use also became symbolic of the slowly declining Elven culture in Middle-earth. In the Second Age of Middle-earth's chronology the Men of Númenor learnt the Quenya tongue. In the Third Age, the time of the setting of ""The Lord of the Rings"", Quenya was learnt as a second language by all Elves of Noldorin origin, and it continued to be used in spoken and written form, but their mother-tongue was the Sindarin of the Grey-elves. As the Noldor remained in Middle-earth,"
"Quenya in the Third Age had almost the same status as the Latin language had in medieval Europe, and was called ""Elven-latin"" by Tolkien. Quenya has a variety of language registers: The pronunciation of the Elvish languages by Elves, Men and Hobbits has been described in a variety of sources by J.R.R. Tolkien. The documentation about late Quenya phonology is contained in the Appendix E of the ""Lord of the Rings"" and the ""Outline of Phonology"", a text written by J.R.R. Tolkien and published in ""Parma Eldalemberon"" No. 19. Tolkien based Quenya pronunciation more on Latin than on Finnish. Thus,"
"Lhammas The Lhammas is a work of fictional sociolinguistics by J. R. R. Tolkien. It was published in ""The Lost Road and Other Writings"", volume V of ""The History of Middle-earth"". The ""Lhammas"" as published presents the theory that all the languages of Middle-earth descend from the language of the angelic beings or Valar, Valarin, and were divided in three branches: Tolkien later revised this internal history. The Elves were said by Tolkien to have been able of inventing (constructing) their own language (see Primitive Quendian). Tolkien never wrote an 'updated' version of the ""Lhammas"" that would be coherent with"
"ability to communicate through thought, and had no need for a spoken language, but it appears that Valarin developed because of their assumption of physical, humanlike (or elf-like) forms. Valarin is unrelated to the other languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien. Only a few words (mainly proper names) of Valarin have been recorded by the Elves. Valarin was alien to the ears of the Elves, sometimes to the point of genuine displeasure, and very few of them ever learned the language, only adopting some of the Valarin words into their own Quenya. The Valar knew Quenya, and used it"
"Most samples of the Elvish language done by Tolkien were written out with the Latin alphabet, but within the fiction Tolkien imagined many writing systems for his Elves. The best-known are the ""tengwar of Fëanor"", but the first system he created, c. 1919, is the ""tengwar of Rúmil"", also called the sarati. In chronological order : Prior to their exile, the Elves of the Second Clan (the Noldor) used first the sarati of Rúmil to record their tongue, Quenya. In Middle-earth, Sindarin was first recorded using the ""Elvish runes"" or cirth, named later ""certar"" in Quenya. A runic inscription in"
"of ""The Lord of the Rings"" Hobbits had long spoken the Mannish tongue Westron, though their dialect of Westron indicates that they formerly spoke a language akin to that of the Men of Rohan. The Ents were shepherds of trees. They were created by Ilúvatar at the request of Yavanna, to protect trees from the depredations of Elves, Dwarves, and Men. When the Elves first awoke, they ""desired to converse with all things"", and taught the Ents to speak. The Ents developed their own peculiar ""Entish"" language, which was impossible for other races to learn due to its long descriptive"
"learned both Quenya and Sindarin in order to communicate with the Elves, most notably the Noldor and Sindar. By the Third Age, however, the Dwarves were estranged from the Elves and no longer routinely learned their language. For Tolkien's constructed languages we must distinguish two timelines of development: Tolkien was interested in languages from an early age, and developed several constructed languages while still a teen. Eventually, as a young adult, he created an entire family of constructed languages spoken by Elves and a secondary world where these could evolve. One of these languages was created c. 1915 and it"
"Taliska Taliska is a constructed language devised by fantasy writer J. R. R. Tolkien. It is one of the many fictional languages set in his secondary world, commonly known as Middle-earth, as part of the Lord of the Rings universe. Taliska was based on the Gothic language. Gothic was an early interest of Tolkien. A 272 manuscript-page historical grammar of Taliska is known to exist, but it has not been published. Carl Hostetter has noted that the grammar contains a considerable amount of vocabulary, not all of which is glossed. Hostetter extracted and compiled these words into a Taliska Dictionary"
"Silvan Elves of Mirkwood and Lothlórien were Nandor (but most of their lords were not), as were the Elves which dwelt at Edhellond near Dol Amroth. They also mixed with Avarin Elves and in minor part with the Sindar and the Noldor (the latter especially mixing with the Silvan Elves of Lothlórien, these were exiles and survivors from the Elven realm of Eregion). ""Nandor"" meant ""those who turn back"" in Quenya. They called themselves ""Danas"" after their leader Dan. Nandorin is a constructed language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien. It is one of the many fictional languages he created"