"was reversed more than 750 years later, in 1804, by the order of Napoleon. Since then, the city gate has reverted almost to its original Gallo-Roman condition. Only the Romanesque east side of the choir still testifies from the outside to the fact that the Porta Nigra was once an imposing church. Simeonstift of Trier The St. Simeon’s Collegiate Church [German: ""Simeonstift""] was a collegiate church in Trier, Germany, near the Roman city gate of the Porta Nigra [Latin, “Black Gate”]. Named after the Greek monk, St. Simeon of Trier, it is now a city museum in the former collegiate"
"Trier Trier (; ), formerly known in English as Treves (, ) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle. Trier lies in a valley between low vine-covered hills of red sandstone in the west of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, near the border with Luxembourg and within the important Moselle wine region. The German philosopher and one of the founders of Marxism, Karl Marx was born in the city in 1818. Founded by the Celts in the late-4th century BC as ""Treuorum"", it was later conquered by the Romans"
"the Kingdom of Prussia in 1815 and made part of the Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine, with six administrative districts. Trier became seat of one these district administrations, the Regierungsbezirk Trier. Because of the new political situation and the new customs frontiers in the West, the economy of Trier began a steady decline that was to last until 1840. The Province of the Lower Rhine was merged into the Rhine Province in 1822. The influential philosopher and revolutionary Karl Marx was born in Trier in 1818. His birthplace, the ""Karl-Marx-Haus"", was opened in 1947 and renovated in 1983. From"
"barrel making and toys. The celebrated Luxembourg artist Nico Klopp was born in Bech-Kleinmacher on 18 September 1894. Olympian Marcel Chennaux was born here. Bech-Kleinmacher Bech-Kleinmacher () is a small village in the commune of Schengen, in south-eastern Luxembourg. , the village has a population of 536. The village lies along the Moselle River, which forms the border with Germany. The area has been settled at least since Roman times as evidenced by the reconstructed funeral chamber that sits on a hilltop overlooking the river. Wine production is a major industry in Bech-Kleinmacher and the village is surrounded by vineyards."
"some stained-glass windows from Trier Cathedral. A scale model of Porta Nigra/St. Simeon's as it appeared around 1800, clarifies how some Roman monuments in Trier survived as churches. A magnificent triumphal arch is a reconstruction of the funeral monument that Christoph von Rheineck had erected in the Liebfrauenkirche in 1535. It is the earliest Renaissance monument in Germany. The original sculptures are kept in the Museum am Dom. A much more humble 17th or 18th-century relief of the three first bishops of Trier from the former abbey of St. Matthias is accompanied by a pious poem in Latin and German."
"his birthplace. A parallel street to the Brühl is now named ""Richard-Wagner-Straße"". Brühl (Leipzig) The is a street in Leipzig, Germany, just within the former city wall. On the corner of the Brühl and Katharinestrasse stands the Romanus house, built for the mayor of Leipzig between 1701 and 1704, and one of the finest baroque buildings remaining in the town. In the late 18th century and early 19th century, the Brühl was part of the Jewish quarter of the city. The Brühl retained Jewish connections into the 20th century. The street was the centre of the World fur trade. Chaim"
"for the Protection of the Constitution, commemoration of Liebknecht and Luxemburg continues to play an important role among the German far-left. Liebknecht was born in Leipzig, Saxony, Germany, the son of Wilhelm Martin Philipp Christian Ludwig Liebknecht and his second wife Natalie (née Reh), who also came from a family with a strong political background; her father, Theodor, was a member of the Frankfurt Parliament of 1848. Liebknecht's parents were second cousins; his maternal great-grandmother was the sister of one of his paternal great-grandfathers. His father was a co-founder with August Bebel of the Marxist Social Democratic Party of Germany"
"which separated the Germanies by less than in many parts. The northernmost border-crossing was in Lübeck's district of Schlutup. Lübeck spent decades restoring its historic city centre. In 1987, UNESCO designated this area a World Heritage Site. Lübeck became the scene of a notable art scandal in the 1950s. Lothar Malskat was hired to restore the medieval frescoes of the cathedral of the Marienkirche, which were discovered after the cathedral had been badly damaged during World War II. Instead he painted new works which he passed off as restorations, fooling many experts. Malskat later revealed the deception himself. Günter Grass"
"more moderate social democratic schools of socialism, Luxemburg has had a somewhat ambivalent reception among scholars and theorists of the political left. Nonetheless, Luxemburg and Liebknecht were extensively idolized as communist martyrs by the East German communist regime. The German Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution notes that idolization of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht is an important tradition of German far-left extremism. Luxemburg was born on 5 March 1871, in Zamość. The Luxemburg family were Polish Jews living in Russian-controlled Poland. She was the fifth and youngest child of timber trader Eliasz Luxemburg and Line Löwenstein. Luxemburg"
"Heinrich Marx Heinrich Marx (15 April 1777, Saarlouis – 10 May 1838, Trier) was a lawyer and the father of the socialist philosopher Karl Marx. Heinrich Marx was born Heschel Levi, to Marx Levy Mordechai (1743–1804) and Eva Lwow (1753–1823). Heinrich Marx's father was the rabbi of Trier, a role which his older brother would later assume. Heinrich Marx qualified as a lawyer in 1814, but upon Napoleon's 1815 defeat at Waterloo, the Rhineland came into the conservative control of the Kingdom of Prussia, from its more detached French administration. An 1812 edict, unenforced by the French, asserted that Jews"
"Neubrandenburg Neubrandenburg (lit. ""New Brandenburg"", ) is a city in the southeast of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is located on the shore of a lake called Tollensesee and forms the urban centre of the Mecklenburg Lakeland. The city is famous for its rich medieval heritage of Brick Gothic, especially the world's best preserved defensive wall of this style, and the Concert Church (Saint Mary), home venue of the Neubrandenburg Philharmonic. Neubrandenburg is nicknamed for its four medieval city gates - ""Stadt der Vier Tore"" (""City of Four Gates""). It is part of the European Route of Brick Gothic, a route which"
"Karl Marx House The Karl Marx House museum () is a writer's house museum in Trier (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany). In 1818, Karl Marx, the father of modern socialism and communism, was born in the house. It is now a museum about Karl Marx's life and writings as well as the history of communism. The significance of the house went unnoticed until 1904, at which point the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) worked hard to buy it, succeeding in 1928. After the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, the building was confiscated and turned into a printing house. On 5"
"the Gothic minster (Ulm Minster, German: Ulmer Münster), and as the birthplace of Albert Einstein. Ulm lies at the point where the rivers Blau and Iller join the Danube, at an altitude of above sea level. Most parts of the city, including the old town, are situated on the left bank of the Danube; only the districts of Wiblingen, Gögglingen, Donaustetten and Unterweiler lie on the right bank. Across from the old town, on the other side of the river, lies the twin city of Neu-Ulm in the state of Bavaria, smaller than Ulm and, until 1810, a part of"
"the philosophers Immanuel Kant and Voltaire. A classical liberal, he took part in agitation for a constitution and reforms in Prussia, then governed by an absolute monarchy. In 1815 Heinrich Marx began work as an attorney, in 1819 moving his family to a ten-room property near the Roman Porta Nigra archway. His wife, Henriette Pressburg (1788–1863), belonged to a prosperous Jewish business family from Nijmegen in the Netherlands. Henriette’s sister Sophie Pressburg (1797–1854), Karl Marx's aunt, married Lion Philips (1794–1866), a wealthy Dutch tobacco manufacturer and industrialist, upon whom Karl and Jenny Marx would later often come to rely for"
"in the Soviet Union, China, Central and Eastern Europe. The Karl Marx House museum currently receives about 32,000 visitors a year, about a third of whom are tourists from China, for whom it is one of the main attractions in Germany. Karl Marx House The Karl Marx House museum () is a writer's house museum in Trier (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany). In 1818, Karl Marx, the father of modern socialism and communism, was born in the house. It is now a museum about Karl Marx's life and writings as well as the history of communism. The significance of the house went unnoticed"
"2000. 539 p. . Trier is a fellow member of the QuattroPole union of cities, along with Luxembourg, Saarbrücken, and Metz (neighbouring countries: Luxembourg and France). Trier is twinned with: <br> Trier Trier (; ), formerly known in English as Treves (, ) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle. Trier lies in a valley between low vine-covered hills of red sandstone in the west of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate, near the border with Luxembourg and within the important Moselle wine region. The German philosopher and one of"
"and after the abrogation of Jewish emancipation in the Rhineland, Herschel converted from Judaism to join the state Evangelical Church of Prussia, taking on the German forename Heinrich over the Yiddish Herschel. Largely non-religious, Heinrich was a man of the Enlightenment, interested in the ideas of the philosophers Immanuel Kant and Voltaire. A classical liberal, he took part in agitation for a constitution and reforms in Prussia, at that time being an absolute monarchy. In 1815, Heinrich Marx began working as an attorney and in 1819 moved his family to a ten-room property near the Porta Nigra. His wife, Henriette"
"existence, ""Ich und Du"" (later translated into English as ""I and Thou""), and in 1925, he began translating the Hebrew Bible into the German language. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature ten times, and Nobel Peace Prize seven times. Martin (Hebrew name: ""מָרְדֳּכַי,"" ""Mordechai"") Buber was born in Vienna to an Orthodox Jewish family. Buber was a direct descendant of the 16th-century rabbi Meir Katzenellenbogen, known as the Maharam of Padua. Karl Marx is another notable relative.After the divorce of his parents when he was three years old, he was raised by his grandfather in Lvov. His"
"honour that the notable Dancing procession of Echternach takes place annually on Whit Tuesday. The river Sauer that flows past the town now forms the border between Luxembourg and Germany; in the later Roman Empire and under the Merovingians by contrast, the Sauer did not form a border or march in this area. The Roman villa at Echternach (traces of which were rediscovered in 1975) was reputed to be the largest North of the Alps. It was later part of the Electorate of Trier (present-day Germany) and was presented to Willibrord by Irmina (Irmine), daughter of Dagobert II, king of"
"the place where Goethe and Schiller spent their most productive years (see: Weimar Classicism). The first European porcelain was invented at Meissen by Johann Friedrich Böttger. The area has also been one of the regions with the earliest development of industrialisation in Germany and looks back to a long tradition of industry culture, being an early home of the German labour movement and social democracy (General German Workers' Association). Karl Marx received his PhD degree from Jena University as the intellectual environment here was more liberal and open than in the Prussia-controlled Rhineland or even Berlin where his ideas had"
"the 1957 Treaty of Rome. The signing of the Agreement is documented with historic photos and video and sound footage as well as statements by those involved at the time. Schengen, Luxembourg Schengen () is a small wine-making town and commune in far south-eastern Luxembourg, on the western bank of the river Moselle. The commune border includes the tripoint where the borders of Germany, France, and Luxembourg meet. Other villages within the commune include Remerschen and Wintrange. After the mergers with Burmerange and Wellenstein in 2011, the commune has a population of 4,223 with an area of . The largest"
"inhabitants of Bernkastel from aggression by intruders. The figure is a copy while the original is exhibited in the museum of the Catholic Diocese of Trier. Graach Gate The Graach Gate (German: ""Graacher Tor"") is the last remaining town gate of the German town of Bernkastel-Kues. The name ""Graach"" refers to the neighbouring village of Graach connected by a narrow road to the gate. Currently the building is used as a museum of local history. The Graach gate was built in 1300 as part of a town wall protecting the town of Bernkastel against foreign aggression. In 1689 it was"
"Luxembourg City Luxembourg (, , ), also known as Luxembourg City ( or """", , ), is the capital city of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (also named ""Luxembourg""), and the country's most populous commune. Standing at the confluence of the Alzette and Pétrusse rivers in southern Luxembourg, the city lies at the heart of Western Europe, situated by road from Brussels, from Paris, and from Cologne. The city contains Luxembourg Castle, established by the Franks in the Early Middle Ages, around which a settlement developed. , Luxembourg City had a population of 116,323, which is more than three times"
"Carl Gotthard Langhans Carl Gotthard Langhans (15 December 1732 – 1 October 1808) was a Prussian master builder and royal architect. His churches, palaces, grand houses, interiors, city gates and theatres in Silesia (now Poland), Berlin, Potsdam and elsewhere belong to the earliest examples of Neoclassical architecture in Germany. His best-known work is the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin, national symbol of today’s Germany and German reunification in 1989/90. Langhans was born in Landeshut, Silesia (now Kamienna Góra in Poland). He was not educated as an architect. He studied law from 1753 to 1757 in Halle, and then mathematics and languages,"
"Ludwigshafen Ludwigshafen am Rhein () is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the river Rhine, opposite Mannheim. With Mannheim, Heidelberg, and the surrounding region, it forms the Rhine Neckar Area. Known primarily as an industrial city, Ludwigshafen is the home of chemical giant BASF and other companies. Among its cultural facilities are the Staatsphilharmonie Rheinland-Pfalz. It is the birthplace of the former German chancellor Helmut Kohl and the philosopher Ernst Bloch. The city is a global city with 'sufficiency' status. In antiquity, Celtic and Germanic tribes settled in the Rhine Neckar area. During the 1st century B.C. the Romans conquered"
"Altmark The (English: Old March) is a historic region in Germany, comprising the northern third of Saxony-Anhalt. As the initial territory of the March of Brandenburg, it is sometimes referred to as the ""Cradle of Prussia"", as by Otto von Bismarck, a native from Schönhausen near Stendal. The Altmark is located west of the Elbe river between the cities of Hamburg and Magdeburg, mostly included in the districts of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel and Stendal. In the west, the Drawehn hill range and the Drömling depression separate it from the Lüneburg Heath in Lower Saxony; the Altmark also borders the Wendland region"
"rebuilding characterized by simple modernist architecture. The Roman Empire once extended over much of today's German Federal Republic, and there are still remains from around 100-150AD at the ""Limes Romanus"", the border defence system of Ancient Rome marking the boundaries of the Roman Empire at that time. In addition to military structures such as forts and military camps built by the Romans, and other border fortifications, there are also spas, bridges, and amphitheatres. Trier, on the banks of the Moselle River, is the oldest city in Germany, a great metropolis founded in or before 16 BC. The best-known survival from"
"Neuss Neuss (; spelled ""Neuß"" until 1968; Limburgish: ""Nüss""; Latin: ""Novaesium"") is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located on the west bank of the Rhine opposing Düsseldorf. Neuss is the largest city within the Rhein-Kreis Neuss district. It is primarily known for its historic Roman sites, as well as the annual Neusser Bürger-Schützenfest. Neuss and Trier share the title of ""Germany's oldest city"", with Neuss celebrating 2000 years since its foundation in 1984. Neuss was founded by the Romans in 16 BC as a military fortification (""castrum"") with the current city to the north of the castrum,"
"a luxury hotel, a gourmet restaurant and a modern casino. Perl, Saarland Perl is a municipality in the district Merzig-Wadern, in Saarland, Germany. In 2010 its population was 7,593. It is situated on the right bank of the river Moselle, on the border with Luxembourg and France, approx. 25 km southeast of Luxembourg City. It is joined by a bridge across the Moselle River with Schengen in Luxembourg and by a second bridge between Nennig and Remich. A fine Roman mosaic has been found in the village Nennig, part of the municipality of Perl. The municipality counts Perl and 13"
"of their disagreements, Karl always retained a strong affection for his father, his daughter Eleanor writing “he never tired of talking about him, and always carried an old daguerreotype photograph of him”. On Karl's death, Engels laid the photograph in his coffin. Heinrich Marx Heinrich Marx (15 April 1777, Saarlouis – 10 May 1838, Trier) was a lawyer and the father of the socialist philosopher Karl Marx. Heinrich Marx was born Heschel Levi, to Marx Levy Mordechai (1743–1804) and Eva Lwow (1753–1823). Heinrich Marx's father was the rabbi of Trier, a role which his older brother would later assume. Heinrich"
"proved the existence of a trade settlement during Roman times. Treva Treva is the historical original name -during the short-lived creation of the roman province of Germania- of the actual city of Hamburg in Germany. Romans reached the Elbe river under Augustus and conquered all the German territories west of this river. Some evidences indicate that they built a ""marching camp"" in a small island of the estuary of the river Elbe, in a place where their ships could arrive (and be protected by a small port) when sailing from Flevum - a Roman port near the Rhine river. This"
"area. Other major rivers include the Alzette in the south and the Wiltz in the north. The capital, and by far the largest city, is Luxembourg City, which is located in the Gutland, as are most of the country's main population centres, including Esch-sur-Alzette, Dudelange, and Differdange. Besides Luxembourg City, the other main towns are primarily located in the southern Red Lands region, which lines the border between Luxembourg and France to the south. Despite its small size, Luxembourg has a varied topography, with two main features to its landscape. The northern section of the country is formed by part"
"Wine), is located in beside the theater. The Mainzer Weinmarkt (wine market) is one of the great wine fairs in Germany. The Schott AG, one of the world's largest glass manufactures, as well as the Werner & Mertz, a large chemical factory, are based in Mainz. Other companies such as IBM, QUINN Plastics, or Novo Nordisk have their German administration in Mainz as well. Johann-Joseph Krug, founder of France's famous Krug champagne house in 1843, was born in Mainz in 1800. Mainz is a major transport hub in southern Germany. It is an important component in European distribution, as it"