"to the victims of the collapse. The Maccabiah Games, organized by Maccabi World Union (MWU) and first staged in 1932, is an athletic event held every four years in Tel Aviv, Israel, to celebrate the , and to demonstrate the unity and athleticism of the Jewish people. The games include competitions for adults and for junior athletes aged 15 to 18, and are open to all Israelis and Jews from around the world. The 15th Maccabiah Games, held in 1997 and billed as the third largest sporting event in the world, included 5,300 participants from 56 nations competing in 38"
"banks were raised and reinforced, hiking and bicycling paths were built, and picnic and fishing areas were developed with the help of contributions from the Australian Jewish community via the Jewish National Fund. On July 14, 1997, four members of the Australian delegation to the Maccabiah Games were killed and 60 injured as a result of the collapse of a temporary pedestrian bridge over the Yarkon. The deaths were eventually traced to a fungal infection caused by aspiration of the heavily polluted water. Eran Eldar, ‘The Yarkon is always green’: the ecological problems of the Yarkon River, Israel affairs, Volume"
"polluted after the 1950s, many blaming this on the construction of the Reading Power Station which is situated near its mouth. When the river's headwaters were diverted to the Negev via the National Water Carrier for irrigation purposes, the state of the Yarkon declined. As sewage replaced the flow of fresh water, habitats were destroyed and flora and fauna disappeared. This was exacerbated by continuous discharges of industrial effluents and municipal sewage into the rivers, which allowed algae to multiply. On July 14, 1997, the infamous Maccabiah bridge collapse led to the death of four athletes, three of which died"
"of the Yarkon River Authority, who explained that 36 hours before the collapse, mosquito larvicide oil, a mixture of jet fuel and oil, had been sprayed on the surface of the Yarkon to suppress mosquitoes. Subsequent lab tests, however, found no traces of the substance in the sick athletes. Bowler Yetty Bennett, 50, died later that day from asphyxia. Elizabeth Sawicki, 47, a member of the delegation's bridge team, died July 26 from complications from infection. Bowler Warren Zines, 54, died on August 10, 1997 of severe respiratory-tract infection at Sheba Medical Center. Zines was the fourth and final fatality"
"1997 Maccabiah Games The 1997 Maccabiah Games are remembered for being marred by a bridge collapse that killed several participants. The 15th Maccabiah had more than 5,000 athletes from 33 countries competing in 36 sports. New sports for the Games included beach volleyball, ice hockey, and taekwondo. The Maccabiah Games were first held in 1932. In 1961, they were declared a ""Regional Sports Event"" by, and under the auspices and supervision of, the International Olympic Committee. The Games were marred by the collapse of the bridge, causing some athletes on the bridge who were marching into the Ramat Gan Stadium"
"Yarkon River. Four athletes were killed, and 63 injured. More than 5,000 participants from over 50 countries competed in those Games. Over the last two decades, the number of participants grew to 9,000 athletes in the 19th Maccabiah, from 78 countries, making it the 3rd-largest sporting event in the world and the largest sporting event in 2013, behind the Pan-Am Games and the Olympics. It is a forum for Jewish athletes to meet and convene, and provides the athletes with opportunities to explore Israel and Jewish history. Prior to World War II there was an attempt to organize a winter"
"stadium. Although the MWU responded that Eyal had a right to attend the ceremony in an official capacity, Eyal acceded to the Australian's request. The Australian team declined to stay at the Maccabiah athletes' village for the duration of the 2005 games. At the 2005 games, a memorial for the victims was unveiled at the site of the collapse, including a permanent footbridge, dubbed ""Bridge of Remembrance,"" and a stone marker with the names of those who died. Family members of three of the deceased attended the ceremony. In 2007 on the tenth anniversary of the collapse, a memorial service"
"was wrong when none of the scheduled events took place, including the march of the athletes, and when they listened to the radio. Many inquests were completed into the collapse of the bridge by both Israeli and Australian authorities and Yoram Eyal was convicted has his culpability in the incident. To commemorate the tenth anniversary of the disaster, on July 20, 2007, a ceremony was held at Tel Aviv's Hayarkon Park. Michael Halika of Israel who won the 800m Freestyle and the 400m Individual Medley, among a total of 5 individual and 2 team gold medals. American 1992 Olympian Tamara"
"across the Tongkou River failed, sending six cars into the rushing waters. At least twelve people went missing as a result and are presumed dead. The bridge had only returned to service a few days earlier after undergoing repairs for earthquake damage. Flood waters in the area were measured at , the highest recorded flow rate since records began in 1954. Two other bridges collapsed in Sichuan with no reported injuries. In Dujiangyan City, Sichuan a landslide buried 11 homes and numerous vacation cottages on 10 July. At least 18 people were killed by the landslide which covered , and"
"lung operations. Elterman ultimately survived her ordeal, but her lungs permanently lost 40% of their capacity and she suffered from periodic convulsions. Ten other athletes who returned to Australia shortly after the accident were admitted to hospitals with respiratory problems, but recovered. Israel's deputy minister of education, Moshe Peled, immediately convened a public commission, chaired by Yishai Dotan, to investigate the collapse. Israel Police also conducted its own investigation. The Dotan Commission released its findings on the 23rd of July, 1997. The commission found that the Maccabiah Games' organising committee, led by Yoram Eyal, had departed from the usual practice"
"Tangiwai disaster The Tangiwai disaster occurred at 22:21 on 24 December 1953 when the Whangaehu River bridge collapsed beneath Wellington-to-Auckland express passenger train No. 626 at Tangiwai, in the central North Island of New Zealand. The locomotive and first six carriages derailed into the river, killing 151 people. The subsequent Board of Inquiry found that the accident was caused by the collapse of the tephra dam holding back nearby Mount Ruapehu's crater lake, creating a large lahar in the Whangaehu River, which destroyed one of the bridge piers at Tangiwai only minutes before the train reached the bridge. The disaster"
"A district court in Haifa eventually awarded the claimants almost $US20 million in compensation, with the last judgement and payment made in 2004. The court ruled that the games' insurance provider, Phoenix Insurance Company, was liable for about two-thirds of the amount, with the Israeli government responsible for the remainder. The bridge accident highlighted Israel's environmental issues, especially pollution in the nation's rivers and waterways. Said Dror Avisar, chief hydrologist for the Israel Union for Environmental Defense, shortly after the collapse, ""Almost every major river inside Israel is polluted."" The pollution in the waterways, including the Yarkon, was mainly due"
"Far'a/Tirzah Valley to the west and the Zarqa/Yabbok Valley to the east. Still visible are ruins of several consecutive bridges: the stone bridge built by the Mamluk sultan Baibars in the 13th century, blown up by Haganah forces during Operation Markolet (known as the Night of the bridges) on the night of 16–17 June 1946; a British bridge built soon after, and a Jordanian one from the 1950s, both destroyed by the Israeli army during the 6-Day War of 1967. Right after the war, in August 1967, Israeli Minister of Defense Moshe Dayan allowed the uncontrolled traffic of goods between"
"of green which Steinman preferred. In the Gulf War the bridge was attacked on 9 February 1991 during ""Operation Desert Storm"", which killed three and injured six, causing large-scale damage to the bridge. The bridge was re-opened on 25 October 2003 after the fall of Saddam Hussein. However, following a bombing in Baghdad on 13 November 2003, it was closed until the middle of 2004 for safety reasons. 14th of July Bridge The Bridge of the 14th July () is a suspension bridge over the Tigris in Baghdad, Iraq that carries vehicle and pedestrian traffic. The bridge carries Arbataash Tamuz"
"deaths and 2 missing. On the morning of August 17, a bridge spanning the Yarkand River was destroyed by the mountain torrents, incurring a regional block of National Highway 315. In July, 10 people were killed in Chongqing and two left missing by July 9. The direct economic damages from the floods in the city were yuan, and 92 flights were delayed due to the floods. The Chinese government helped with flood relief efforts, rescue work and supplies following flooding and landslides in many regions. Donations from Chinese citizens also contributed to relief supplies. On August 31, the Ministry of"
"The main chain joint failed and the entire structure fell into the river, killing 46 people who were traveling in vehicles across the bridge. Rust in the eyebar joint had caused a stress corrosion crack, which went critical as a result of high bridge loading and low temperature. The failure was exacerbated by a high level of residual stress in the eyebar. The disaster led to a nationwide reappraisal of bridges. Suspended ceilings in indoor swimming pools are safety-relevant components. As was demonstrated by the collapses of the ceiling of the Uster (Switzerland) indoor swimming pool (1985), and again at"
"Tasman Bridge disaster The Tasman Bridge disaster occurred on the evening of 5 January 1975, in Hobart, the capital city of Australia's island state of Tasmania, when a bulk ore carrier travelling up the Derwent River collided with several pylons of the Tasman Bridge, causing a large section of the bridge deck to collapse onto the ship and into the river below. Twelve people were killed, including seven crew on board the ship, and the five occupants of four cars which fell 45 m (150 feet) after driving off the bridge. This severed Hobart from its eastern suburbs, and the"
"(both being on both sides of the bridge), and one near the Ghazala market. These explosions followed other bombings elsewhere in the Sinai Peninsula in previous years: in Sharm el-Sheikh on 23 July 2005 and in Taba on 6 October 2004. At least 23 people were killed, mostly Egyptians, but including a German, Lebanese, Russian, Swiss, and a Hungarian. Around 80 people were injured, including tourists from Australia, Denmark, France, Germany, Israel, Lebanon, Palestine, South Korea, United Kingdom and the United States. The governor of South Sinai reported that the blasts might have been suicide attacks, but later Habib Adly,"
"Olympic Bridge Olympic Bridge or Grand Olympic Bridge () is a bridge over the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. The bridge links the Gwangjin and Songpa districts. Its construction started in 1985, but was not completed until 1990, after the Seoul Olympic Games of 1988, because the bridge under construction had collapsed. On May 29, 2001, a CH-47D helicopter from ROK Army, attempting to lower a sculpture onto the top of the bridge, crashed and fell into the Han River, killing all three on board. The job was finished later and to this day, the dead are not memorialized"
"hung from a bridge spanning the Euphrates River. This bridge is unofficially referred to as ""Blackwater Bridge"" by Coalition Forces operating there. Photographs of the event were released to news agencies worldwide, causing outrage in the United States, and prompting the announcement of a campaign to reestablish American control over the city. This led to an abortive US operation to recapture control of the city in Operation Vigilant Resolve, and a successful recapture operation in the city in November 2004, called Operation Phantom Fury in English and Operation Al Fajr in Arabic. Operation Phantom Fury resulted in the reputed death"
"(estimated to weigh 12 tonnes) struck and dislodged one of the pylons as it was swept downstream by floodwaters. The bridge then collapsed as the Rockhampton-bound Midlander passed over it, resulting in 7 dead and 43 injured. The leading engine made it across the bridge and derailed on the other side, however, the C class second engine, the power van, and three passenger sleeping cars fell 7.6 meters into the Creek. The four passengers who died were in these cars, with the other fatalities being three train crewmen. On 7 November 1968, two people were killed. A coal train driver"
"of 1938, was postponed until 1950 due to British concerns of large-scale illegal immigration, World War II, and the Independence War. It became the first Maccabiah to be held after the establishment of the State of Israel. Starting from the 4th Maccabiah, the games were changed to take place every four years in the year following the Olympics. The 15th edition was marred by what became known as the Maccabiah bridge disaster, when a temporary bridge built for the march of athletes at the opening ceremony collapsed, plunging about 100 members of the Australian delegation into the waters of the"
"in May 2013, from shelling by the Assad Regime Forces (Syrian Army) forces) during the Syrian Civil War , where they had destroyed all the bridges in the city to cut the supply way to the Free Syrian army . After the suspension bridge was destroyed, the Siyasiyeh Bridge became the last entry route across the Euphrates to the western section of the city and the adjoining province of Hasakeh. However the locally renamed ""bridge of death"" was sufficiently dangerous to attacks that only one vehicle could speed across the bridge at a time during night time darkness. It was"
"located in a 300-metre-wide concourse between the Ramses Hilton Hotel and the Egyptian Museum near Cairo's main traffic intersection. Ehab Yousri Yassin, an Egyptian man suspected of involvement in the 7 April attack, was being pursued along the Sixth of October Bridge, a flyover leading into centre of Cairo from the River Nile island of Gezira. He apparently leapt from the bridge down into the bus station below, with a nail bomb that he was carrying detonating as he fell. The bomber was killed and seven passersby were injured: three Egyptians and four foreign tourists (an Israeli couple, an Italian"
"bridge collapse who still resides in Gaspe, Dean Patterson. Beaver Dam Bridge The Beaver Dam Bridge () was a bridge along the York River in Quebec, Canada. The bridge was situated on Quebec Route 198 and connected the Quebecois municipalities of Murdochville and Gaspe. The bridge collapsed on May 22, 1963, due to flood damage and killed 6 people, all mine workers heading toward Murdochville. On May 22, 1963, a pillar of the Beaver Dam Bridge was knocked down and swept away by flood waters early in the morning. Six cars who weren't aware of the pillar collapse plunged into"
"construction. Photographs taken after the collapse showed that the bridge was constructed of rusty metal pipes bound together with wire. The commission concluded that the bridge's engineer, Micha Bar-Ilan, did not submit a blueprint for the bridge, designed a bridge that was inadequate for its intended use, and did not properly supervise or coordinate the bridge's construction. The commission faulted the Maccabiah Games' organizers for poor coordination and oversight over the bridge's assembly. An investigation by Augustine Zycher for the Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council reported that the IDF had employed Tamir Rowner, an experienced bridge construction engineer, to build"
"Minnesota, United States. The bridge was completed in 1967, and its maintenance was performed by the Minnesota Department of Transportation. The bridge was Minnesota's fifth–busiest, carrying 140,000 vehicles daily. The bridge catastrophically failed during the evening rush hour on 1 August 2007, collapsing to the river and riverbanks beneath. Thirteen people were killed and 145 were injured. Following the collapse, the Federal Highway Administration advised states to inspect the 700 U.S. bridges of similar construction after a possible design flaw in the bridge was discovered, related to large steel sheets called gusset plates which were used to connect girders together"
"in the truss structure. Officials expressed concern about many other bridges in the United States sharing the same design and raised questions as to why such a flaw would not have been discovered in over 40 years of inspections. On 4 April 2013, a building collapsed on tribal land in Mumbra, a suburb of Thane in Maharashtra, India. It has been called the worst building collapse in the area: 74 people died, including 18 children, 23 women, and 33 men, while more than 100 people survived. The building was under construction and did not have an occupancy certificate for its"
"the above quotation and in the quotations below."" An accident occurred on 9 February 1897 during the reconstruction while a gang of 17 workmen were working below the viaduct superstructure on a platform that collapsed, throwing 12 of the men to their deaths. They were working in the seventh span; cross-girders had been installed and they were positioning a longitudinal wrought iron rail-bearer, moving it by hand with one end supported on the viaduct pier. The rail-bearer was 20 feet long. The ""platform"" they were working on, spanning that gap, was supported by a second-hand timber beam formerly used as"
"Ma'ale Akrabim massacre The Ma'ale Akrabim massacre, known in English as the Scorpions Pass Massacre, was an attack on an Israeli passenger bus, carried out on 17 March 1954, in the middle of the day. Eleven passengers were shot dead by the attackers who ambushed and boarded the bus. One passenger died 32 years later of his injuries, in a state of paralysis and partial recognition. Four passengers survived, two of whom had been injured by the gunmen. Scorpions Pass (, ""Ma'ale Akrabim"") is a narrow, winding grade on the old road connecting Eilat and Beersheba, just south of Makhtesh"
"14th of July Bridge The Bridge of the 14th July () is a suspension bridge over the Tigris in Baghdad, Iraq that carries vehicle and pedestrian traffic. The bridge carries Arbataash Tamuz (14th of July) street from the center of the city (formerly the Green Zone) south into the Karrada peninsula. The bridge is named after July 14, 1958, the day in which the Hashemite monarchy was overthrown in a coup d'état. It is the only suspension bridge in Baghdad. The bridge has two lanes in each direction, but in practice only one lane is used because of the strict"
"are considered by many to be ""essential for Istanbul's ecological and economic sustainability, and a possible pollution of the groundwater would provoke the collapse of the city"". In 1995, Erdoğan, then mayor of Istanbul, declared that a third bridge would mean ""the murder of the city"". On 5 April 2014, at about 21:00 local time, a fatal accident occurred during construction work at the link road to the bridge on the Asian side of the Bosphorus near Çavuşbaşı, Beykoz. Three workers were killed and another was injured by falling from a collapsed scaffolding while concrete was poured at a viaduct."
"in any official form, plaque or otherwise on the bridge. Olympic Bridge Olympic Bridge or Grand Olympic Bridge () is a bridge over the Han River in Seoul, South Korea. The bridge links the Gwangjin and Songpa districts. Its construction started in 1985, but was not completed until 1990, after the Seoul Olympic Games of 1988, because the bridge under construction had collapsed. On May 29, 2001, a CH-47D helicopter from ROK Army, attempting to lower a sculpture onto the top of the bridge, crashed and fell into the Han River, killing all three on board. The job was finished"