"remarried in 1876. On the recommendation of Huxley, in 1884 Saville-Kent became Inspector of Fisheries in Tasmania. In 1889, he became Commissioner of Fisheries for Queensland, and in 1892, Commissioner of Fisheries for Western Australia, a position he held until 1895. During this time he experimented with culturing pearls on Thursday Island; his experiments were successful, and modern-day spherical cultured pearls are primarily the result of discoveries he made. These discoveries were later patented by Dr. Tokichi Nishikawa of Japan, who had heard of Saville-Kent's techniques. Later, Saville-Kent went on to chair the Royal Society of Queensland from 1889–1890. Saville-Kent"
"William Saville-Kent William Saville-Kent (10 July 1845, Sidmouth, Devon – 11 October 1908, Bournemouth, Dorset) was an English marine biologist. Born in Sidmouth, Saville-Kent's childhood was marred by several unfortunate events: the death of his mother, the murder of his half-brother, and the subsequent conviction of his sister, Constance. The detective responsible for the investigation of his half-brother's murder, Detective Inspector Jack Whicher, also suspected that William was an accomplice, but no charges were ever made. Constance was sentenced to life in prison, which at the time was twenty years. Saville-Kent was educated at King's College London and then at"
"of the descendants of Fox and discovered his diaries and letters. For the next 25 year, he continued doing research in this area and published his work in the 2009 book, A Natural Calling: The Life Letters and Diaries of Charles Darwin and William Darwin Fox. He is now engaged on a second book on the interaction of Charles Lyell with Charles Darwin. Anthony Larkum Anthony W D Larkum is a plant scientist and academic based in Sydney. He is Professor Emeritus of Plant Sciences at the University of Sydney and Adjunct Professor at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS)."
"the field. In addition to science he was interested in political causes like abolitionism, capital punishment, keeping Sunday special and the temperance movement. In 1828 he received an honour when Mount Greville in Queensland was named in Greville's honour by a fellow botanist, Allan Cunningham. Mount Greville became part of an Australian National park in 1948 and is now part of Moogerah Peaks National Park. The aboriginal name for Mount Greville and the area around it (including Cunninghams Gap) is Moogerah which gave its name to the Park. In the 1830s he is listed as living at 1 Wharton Place"
"for the existence of a creator. Accordingly, a parson-naturalist frequently made use of his insights into philosophy and theology when interpreting what he observed in natural history. The tradition of clerical naturalists may be traced back to some monastic writings of the Middle Ages, although some argue that their writings about animals and plants cannot be correctly classified as natural history. Notable early parson-naturalists were William Turner (1508–1568), John Ray (1627–1705), William Derham (1657–1735), and Gilbert White (1720–1793). The 19th century witnessed the wide proliferation of the tradition, which continued into the 20th century. Charles Darwin aspired to be a"
"were published posthumously in 1705. William Smith (1769–1839), an English canal engineer, observed that rocks of different ages (based on the law of superposition) preserved different assemblages of fossils, and that these assemblages succeeded one another in a regular and determinable order. He observed that rocks from distant locations could be correlated based on the fossils they contained. He termed this the principle of ""faunal succession"". This principle became one of Darwin's chief pieces of evidence that biological evolution was real. Georges Cuvier came to believe that most if not all the animal fossils he examined were remains of extinct"
"one time Premier of Queensland and the first Chief Justice of the High Court of Australia, wrote: 'On the whole he was a remarkable man, and his name deserves to be remembered as one of the foremost worthies of New South Wales.' Rowland S. Ward, ""Presbyterian Leaders in 19th Century Australia"" (Wantirna, Victoria 1993) 82-97 William McIntyre (minister) William McIntyre (6 March 1806 – 12 July 1870) was a Scottish-Australian Presbyterian minister and educator. William McIntyre was the 5th son and 7th child of Duncan McIntyre and Catherine Kennedy, who were sheep farmers in the parish of Kilmonivaig, Scotland near"
"of his firsts in publishing and duelling, he is noted by Dominic Serventy and Hubert Whittell in the seminal work ""Birds of Western Australia"" (1948, ""et seq"") as having published observations on birds of Southwest Australia and the first list of its avifauna. His poetry has occasionally been selected for anthologies of historic prose or republished in Australian newspapers. William Nairne Clark William Nairne Clark (1804–1854) was a public notary and publisher, active at the Swan River Colony and Tasmanian settlements founded in Australia. The son of Charles Clark of Princeland, he was born in Scotland at Coupar Angus, Perthshire,"
"of Hugh Miller, stonemason and geologist, who followed in the tradition of Naturphilosophie, arguing that nature was a pre-ordained progression towards the human race. Publisher, historian, antiquarian and scientist Robert Chambers (1802–71) became a friend of Scott, writing a biography of him after the author's death. Chambers also became a geologist, researching in Scandinavia and Canada. His most influential work was the anonymously published ""Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation"" (1844), which was the most comprehensive written argument in favour of evolution before the work of Charles Darwin (1809–82). His work was strongly influenced by transcendental anatomy, which, drawing"
"the Simpson Desert. Although he was not the first to cross the desert, he has become known as the last of the ""classic"" explorers of central Australia. For many years he worked as a lecturer in geology at the University of Adelaide. He married Wynnis Knight Wollaston, a native of Adelaide, Australia, whilst he was in London in 1915. The daughter of Cecil Madigan is renowned Australian sculptor Rosemary Madigan, and her daughter is leading harpist Alice Giles. Other descendants include David Madigan (deceased) and his two children, Sir Russell Madigan (deceased) and his five children, Neith Madigan (deceased) and"
"and conchologist (the study of sea-shells). Several New Zealand molluscs are named after him and a collection of his shells can be found in the Auckland War Memorial Museum. In 1798, John Webster, a farmer, bought the Upton manor house, Upton Hall, and title ""Lord of the Manor"". He was subsequently known Squire. His son William was a philanthropist and was widely popular. William's father married Elizabeth Matthews, ca. 1845, but she died sometime before 1861. The census of that year shows William married to Sophia Elizabeth Curme. However William senior's eldest son, John Egerton Webster (William Henry's uncle) was"
"receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws (LL.D.). In 1887 he married Mina Holland, one of three sisters. They had no children. Both of his brothers-in-law were eminent scientists themselves (Arthur Lapworth and Frederick Kipping). He died in Oxford on 17 September 1929. William Henry Perkin Jr. William Henry Perkin Jr., FRS HFRSE (17 June 1860 – 17 September 1929) was an English organic chemist who was primarily known for his groundbreaking research work on the degradation of naturally occurring organic compounds. He was the eldest son of Sir William Henry Perkin who had founded the aniline dye industry, and"
"nature is part of the law of England: thirdly, that the law of nature was before any judicial or municipal law: fourthly, that the law of nature is immutable."" To support these findings, the assembled judges (as reported by Coke, who was one of them) cited as authorities Aristotle, Cicero, and the Apostle Paul; as well as Bracton, Fortescue, and St. Germain. After Coke, the most famous common law jurist of the seventeenth century is Sir Matthew Hale. Hale wrote a treatise on natural law that circulated among English lawyers in the eighteenth century and survives in three manuscript copies."
"by binding the bare soil. He began to acquire expertise with botanical taxonomy and systematics and by the mid 1920s was corresponding with other Australian botanists. He established a home nursery, purchasing adjoining land so he could expand it and his garden. He made field trips into the country around Broken Hill, studying and collecting specimens of the indigenous flora and observing the local ecosystems. In 1920 with Margaret Morris and W.D.K. McGillivray (1868-1933), a local doctor and also a prominent Australian ornithologist and natural scientist, Albert helped establish the Broken Hill-based Barrier Field Naturalists Club and acted as its"
"mechanism of inheritance remained a mystery. In the early 20th century, the rediscovery of Mendel's work led to the rapid development of genetics by Thomas Hunt Morgan and his students, and by the 1930s the combination of population genetics and natural selection in the ""neo-Darwinian synthesis"". The 1859 publication of Darwin's theory in ""On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life"" is often considered the central event in the history of modern zoology. Darwin's established credibility as a naturalist, the sober tone of the work, and most"
"would change according to which climatic zone they were in relative to their elevation. This simple discovery aided the theorization of the ""life zone concept,"" which would eventually give way to the popularization of the concept of ecosystems. Another voyager, William Beebe, researched many species of birds in tropical locations and published a large gamut of academic works on his findings that greatly shaped the field of ornithology. According to his biographer Carol Grant Gould, ""The effects William Beebe had on science... are enormous and lasting. He made an effective transition between the Victorian natural historian, content to collect and"
"Augustinian friar Gregor Mendel (1822-1884), aligning himself with the ""new doctrine of special creation"" proposed by Linnaeus, concluded that new species of plants could indeed arise, although limitedly and retaining their own stability. Georges Cuvier's analysis of fossils and discovery of extinction disrupted static views of nature in the early 19th century, confirming geology as showing a historical sequence of life. British natural theology, which sought examples of adaptation to show design by a benevolent Creator, adopted catastrophism to show earlier organisms being replaced in a series of creations by new organisms better adapted to a changed environment. Charles Lyell"
"having important conservation value with the bushland extending from the sea to tuart and banksia woodland, a rarity in the metropolitan area. Vincent spoke publicly of the importance of this land for its vegetation, landforms and habitat for local fauna and migratory birds. Vincent Serventy was a younger brother of the eminent Australian ornithologist Dom Serventy. Serventy wrote numerous articles on natural history and conservation. Some of his books are: Vincent Serventy Vincent Noel Serventy AM (6 January 1916 – 8 September 2007) was a noted Australian author, ornithologist and conservationist. Born in Armadale, Western Australia, the youngest of eight"
"the argument from design). Over the 18th and 19th centuries, zoology became increasingly professional scientific disciplines. Explorer-naturalists such as Alexander von Humboldt investigated the interaction between organisms and their environment, and the ways this relationship depends on geography—laying the foundations for biogeography, ecology and ethology. Naturalists began to reject essentialism and consider the importance of extinction and the mutability of species. Cell theory provided a new perspective on the fundamental basis of life. These developments, as well as the results from embryology and paleontology, were synthesized in Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection. In 1859, Darwin placed the"
"scalps, registering births, deaths and marriages, processing the mail and issuing licences. He also documented the customs, beliefs and technology of the local people. He became an authority on Central Australian Aborigines, in particularlar, the Wangkangurru people of eastern Lake Eyre, whom he photographed along with the Birdsville Track life and landscapes. He was particularly concerned with the customs of Aboriginal people of the Dieri, Wonkonguru/Wangkangurru and Yaurorka tribes of the Lake Eyre]region of Central Australia and in 1920 he corresponded with the Melbourne art dealer and anthropologist William Henry Gill, through whom he contacted other amateur anthropologists and archaeologists,"
"conducted by Walter Baldwin Spencer and Frank Gillen in their renowned anthropological study ""The Native Tribes of Central Australia"" in (1899) earned international renown and provides a valuable 19th century study of an indigenous Australian society. Around this time, Aboriginal welfare advocate and anthropologist Daisy Bates commenced her work among the Aborigines after reading an allegation in The Times about atrocities against Aboriginals in north-west Australia. Bates came to fear that the Aboriginal race was destined for extinction. Once Europeans had gained control of Aboriginal territory, the local Aborigines who had not been affected by disease or conflict were generally"
"where natural theology was very influential in the early 19th century, a group of geologists that included Buckland, and Robert Jameson insisted on explicitly linking the most recent of Cuvier's catastrophes to the biblical flood. Catastrophism had a religious overtone in Britain that was absent elsewhere. Partly in response to what he saw as unsound and unscientific speculations by William Buckland and other practitioners of flood geology, Charles Lyell advocated the geological theory of uniformitarianism in his influential work ""Principles of Geology"". Lyell amassed evidence, both from his own field research and the work of others, that most geological features"
"They married in Baptist tradition. As the Government Botanist, White aided farmers and naturalists in identifying noxious weeds and evaluating native species for pastures and fodder. Between 1915 and 1926, he worked on a 42-part series on weeds which appeared in the ""Queensland Agricultural Journal"". His books, ""An Elementary Textbook of Australian Forest Botany"" (1922) and ""Principles of Botany for Queensland Farmers"" (1938) were used as the textbooks for courses in forestry that he held at University of Queensland. In 1921–1927, he authored a 41-part series on Queensland trees. Also, he co-wrote a 12-part, illustrated series on eucalyptuses with William"
"nature writing traces its roots to the works of natural history that were popular in the second half of the 18th century and throughout the 19th. An important early figures was the ""parson-naturalist"" Gilbert White (1720 – 1793), a pioneering English naturalist and ornithologist. He is best known for his ""Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne"" (1789). William Bartram (1739 – 1823) is a significant early American pioneer naturalist who first work was published in 1791. Gilbert White is regarded by many as England's first ecologist, and one of those who shaped the modern attitude of respect for nature. He"
"Hogarth on 3 April 1857. Robert Kaye Greville Dr Robert Kaye Greville FRSE FLS LLD (13 December 1794 – 4 June 1866) was an English mycologist, bryologist, and botanist. He was an accomplished artist and illustrator of natural history. In addition to art and science he was interested in causes like abolitionism, capital punishment, keeping Sunday special and the temperance movement. He has a mountain in Queensland named after him. Greville was born at Bishop Auckland, Durham, but was brought up in Derbyshire as his father, Robert Greville, became the rector of the small village of Edlaston and its nearby"
"philosophy (i.e., physics and chemistry). Humboldt's work laid the foundations of biogeography and inspired several generations of scientists. The emerging discipline of geology also brought natural history and natural philosophy closer together; Georges Cuvier and others made great strides in comparative anatomy and paleontology in the late 1790s and early 19th century. In a series of lectures and papers that made detailed comparisons between living mammals and fossil remains Cuvier was able to establish that the fossils were remains of species that had become extinct—rather than being remains of species still alive elsewhere in the world, as had been widely"
"powers and in resistance by the native population. In 1867, diamonds were discovered in the Kimberley region of South Africa. In 1886, gold was discovered in Transvaal. This led to colonization in Southern Africa by the British and business interests, led by Cecil Rhodes. The 19th century saw the birth of science as a profession; the term scientist was coined in 1833 by William Whewell, which soon replaced the older term of (natural) philosopher. Among the most influential ideas of the 19th century were those of Charles Darwin (alongside the independent researches of Alfred Russel Wallace), who in 1859 published"
"William Turner (naturalist) William Turner MA (1509/10 – 13 July 1568) was an English divine and reformer, a physician and a natural historian. He studied medicine in Italy, and was a friend of the great Swiss naturalist, Conrad Gessner. He was an early herbalist and ornithologist, and it is in these fields that the most interest lies today. Turner was born in Morpeth, Northumberland, in or around 1508. His father was probably a tanner of the same name. He studied at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge University, from 1526 to 1533, where he received his B.A. in 1530 and his M.A. in"
"environment ... ', and that it had ' ... set policy agendas and legislative programs for longterm change at national and State levels in freight and urban transport, shipping and ports, electricity and energy, and toxic wastes'."" In 1991 he was admitted to Fellowship in the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, the highest professional award. He is married to Jennifer Uscinski and has four sons-Domininc, Lawrence, Justin, and Benjamin-from a former marriage to Anne Callaghan. McDonell, the second son of William and Catherine (née Breen) McDonell, was born and raised in Brisbane, Queensland, educated at St. Joseph's College,"
"Rev. William Samuel Symonds, the well-known geologist. Jardine's daughter, Catherine Dorcas Maule Jardine, married Hugh Edwin Strickland and produced many of the illustrations for ""Illustrations of Ornithology"" (identifiable by her initials, CDMS). The Olympic rower Sir Matthew Pinsent is a direct descendant of Jardine. Jardine edited the series of books that were published a part of ""The Naturalist's Library"", and include (in the order in which they were published): Later supplements include the following titles: The Natural History of Man, Humming Birds Volume 3 and a single volume that collated the memoirs of 'great naturalists'. Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet"
"what could be dug out of the ground. Samuel Hartlib was an intelligencer whose wide-ranging group of correspondents is now identified as the Hartlib Circle; Child had joined it by 1645. He was in agreement with other members of the Circle in approving of enclosures of land. Gerard and Arnold Boate's ""Ireland's Naturall History"" was representative of the Circle's interests, and took up Child's suggestion in a survey of ""Metals, Minerals ..."" in Ireland. In 1651 Child was invited by Arthur Hill to his estate in Ulster. He remained there for the rest of his life, working on natural history"
"of Edinburgh and the University of Cambridge. Influenced by Charles Lyell's ""Principles of Geology"", he became an able geologist as well as collecting plant and animal specimens, and fossils of gigantic extinct mammals. By the return journey, he was connecting patterns of geographical and historical distribution, and starting to doubt the stability of Species. In September 1838 he conceived his theory of natural selection as the cause of evolution, then as well as developing his career as a geologist and writer worked privately on finding evidence and answering possible objections, and set out his ideas in an essay written in"
"office since the organization's founding in 1904. Semple was a key figure in the theory of environmental determinism, along with Ellsworth Huntington and Griffith Taylor. Influenced by the works of Charles Darwin and inspired by her mentor Freidrich Ratzel, Semple theorized that human activity was primarily determined by the physical environment. Although environmental determinism is today heavily critiqued and has lost favor in social theory, it was widely accepted in academia in the late 19th-early 20th centuries. Still, Semple's influence can be seen in the works of many modern-day geographers, including Jared Diamond. In a series of books and papers"