"according to their form and the variation in their specific gravities. It contains the first statement of what is now known as Archimedes' principle. Archimedes lived in the Greek city-state of Syracuse, Sicily. He is credited with laying the foundations of hydrostatics (which he established in ""On Floating Bodies""), statics and calculating the underlying mathematics of the lever. A leading scientist of classical antiquity, Archimedes also developed elaborate systems of pulleys to move large objects with a minimum of effort. The Archimedes' screw underpins modern hydroengineering, and his machines of war helped to hold back the armies of Rome in"
"an end to piracy acts. Sicily has long been associated with the arts; many poets, writers, philosophers, intellectuals, architects and painters have roots on the island. The history of prestige in this field can be traced back to Greek philosopher Archimedes, a Syracuse native who has gone on to become renowned as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. Gorgias and Empedocles are two other highly noted early Sicilian-Greek philosophers, while the Syracusan Epicharmus is held to be the inventor of comedy. Terracotta ceramics from the island are well known, the art of ceramics on Sicily goes back to"
"Archimedes Archimedes of Syracuse (; ; ) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Generally considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time, Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and analysis by applying concepts of infinitesimals and the method of exhaustion to derive and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems, including the area of a circle, the surface area and volume of a sphere, and the area under a parabola. Other mathematical achievements"
"of which is situated on Mount Etna at . Syracuse is also an experimental centre for the solar technologies through the creation of the project Archimede solar power plant that is the first concentrated solar power plant to use molten salt for heat transfer and storage which is integrated with a combined-cycle gas facility. All the plant is owned and operated by Enel. The touristic town of Erice is also an important science place thanks to the Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture which embraces 123 schools from all over the world, covering all branches of science, offering"
"Syros Syros (; ), or Siros or Syra is a Greek island in the Cyclades, in the Aegean Sea. It is located south-east of Athens. The area of the island is and it has 21,507 inhabitants (2011 census). The largest towns are Ermoupoli, Ano Syros, and . Ermoupoli is the capital of the island and of the Cyclades. It has always been a significant port town, and during the 19th century it was even more significant than Piraeus. Other villages are Galissas, Foinikas, Pagos, Manna, Kini and Poseidonia. Ermoupoli () stands on a naturally amphitheatrical site, with neo-classical buildings, old"
"Cyprus Cyprus (; ; ), officially the Republic of Cyprus (; ), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece. The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two"
"Palazzolo Acreide Palazzolo Acreide (Sicilian: Palazzolu Acrèidi, in the local dialect: Palazzuolu) is a town and ""comune"" in the Province of Syracuse, Sicily (southern Italy). It is from the city of Syracuse in the Hyblean Mountains. The area around Palazzolo Acreide has been inhabited since ancient times. In the 10th-11th centuries BC, the Sicels lived here in small villages. The town occupies the site of the ancient Akrai (Latin ""Acrae""), founded by Syracuse around 664 BC. The city was important as it controlled the paths of communication between the towns on the southern coast of the island. According to Thucydides,"
"Syracuse, New York Syracuse () is a city in and the county seat of Onondaga County, New York, in the United States. It is the fifth-most populous city in the state of New York following New York City, Buffalo, Rochester, and Yonkers. At the 2010 census, the city population was 145,252, and its metropolitan area had a population of 662,577. It is the economic and educational hub of Central New York, a region with over one million inhabitants. Syracuse is also well-provided with convention sites, with a downtown convention complex. Syracuse was named after the classical Greek city Syracuse (""Siracusa"""
"Greece. Local specialities of the island include: Syros Syros (; ), or Siros or Syra is a Greek island in the Cyclades, in the Aegean Sea. It is located south-east of Athens. The area of the island is and it has 21,507 inhabitants (2011 census). The largest towns are Ermoupoli, Ano Syros, and . Ermoupoli is the capital of the island and of the Cyclades. It has always been a significant port town, and during the 19th century it was even more significant than Piraeus. Other villages are Galissas, Foinikas, Pagos, Manna, Kini and Poseidonia. Ermoupoli () stands on a"
"most famous Syracusan, the mathematician and natural philosopher Archimedes. Among his many inventions were various military engines including the claw of Archimedes, later used to resist the Roman siege of 214 BC–212 BC. Literary figures included Theocritus and others. Hiero's successor, the young Hieronymus (ruled from 215 BC), broke the alliance with the Romans after their defeat at the Battle of Cannae and accepted Carthage's support. The Romans, led by consul Marcus Claudius Marcellus, besieged the city in 214 BC. The city held out for three years, but fell in 212 BC. The successes of the Syracusians in repelling the"
"channel. Two bridges connect the island to mainland Sicily. The island is an extremely popular place for tourism, shopping, entertainment and also a residential area. Ortygia Ortigia (; ; ) is a small island which is the historical centre of the city of Syracuse, Sicily. The island, also known as Città Vecchia (Old City), contains many historical landmarks. The name originates from the Ancient Greek ""ortyx"" (ὄρτυξ), which means ""Quail"". The Homeric Hymn to Delian Apollo has it that the goddess Leto stopped at Ortygia to give birth to Artemis, the firstborn of her twins. Artemis then helped Leto across"
"ponderibus et mensuris"" of the 4th or 5th century describes the use of a hydrostatic balance to solve the problem of the crown, and attributes the method to Archimedes. A large part of Archimedes' work in engineering arose from fulfilling the needs of his home city of Syracuse. The Greek writer Athenaeus of Naucratis described how King Hiero II commissioned Archimedes to design a huge ship, the ""Syracusia"", which could be used for luxury travel, carrying supplies, and as a naval warship. The ""Syracusia"" is said to have been the largest ship built in classical antiquity. According to Athenaeus, it"
"of the theorem."" d. ""It was usual to smear the seams or even the whole hull with pitch or with pitch and wax"". In Νεκρικοὶ Διάλογοι (""Dialogues of the Dead""), Lucian refers to coating the seams of a skiff with wax, a reference to pitch (tar) or wax. Archimedes Archimedes of Syracuse (; ; ) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Generally considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time, Archimedes"
"is owned and operated by Enel. The plant is called ""Archimedes"" (the famous resident of the nearby Magna Graecia Hellenistic city of Syracuse) after the rows of huge parabolic mirrors used to capture the sun's rays, which recall the ""burning mirrors"" that Archimedes is said to have used to set fire to the Roman ships besieging Syracuse during the Siege of Syracuse (214–212 BC). The existing gas-fired power plant is on about a site area (excluding the solar field), and is augmented by the Archimede solar field. There are two Siemens V94 3/A gas turbine groups with 257 MWe net"
"Ortygia Ortigia (; ; ) is a small island which is the historical centre of the city of Syracuse, Sicily. The island, also known as Città Vecchia (Old City), contains many historical landmarks. The name originates from the Ancient Greek ""ortyx"" (ὄρτυξ), which means ""Quail"". The Homeric Hymn to Delian Apollo has it that the goddess Leto stopped at Ortygia to give birth to Artemis, the firstborn of her twins. Artemis then helped Leto across the sea to the island of Delos, where Leto gave birth to Apollo. Other ancient sources state that the twins were born in the same"
"significant fortifications, great walls that protected the city from attack. Among the Syracuse defenders was the mathematician and scientist Archimedes. The city was fiercely defended for many months against all the measures the Romans could bring to bear. Realizing how difficult the siege would be, the Romans brought their own unique devices and inventions to aid their assault. These included the ""sambuca"", a floating siege tower with grappling hooks, as well as ship-mounted scaling ladders that were lowered with pulleys onto the city walls. Despite these novel inventions, Archimedes devised defensive devices to counter the Roman efforts including a huge"
"Posidonius Posidonius (, ""Poseidonios"", meaning ""of Poseidon"") ""of Apameia"" (ὁ Ἀπαμεύς) or ""of Rhodes"" (ὁ Ῥόδιος) (c. 135 BCE – c. 51 BCE), was a Greek Stoic philosopher, politician, astronomer, geographer, historian and teacher native to Apamea, Syria. He was acclaimed as the greatest polymath of his age. His vast body of work exists today only in fragments. Writers such as Strabo and Seneca provide most of the information, from history, about his life. Posidonius, nicknamed ""the Athlete"", was born to a Greek family in Apamea, a Hellenistic city on the river Orontes in northern Syria. Posidonius completed his higher"
"Fountain of Arethusa The Fountain of Arethusa () is a natural fountain on the island of Ortygia in the historical centre of the city of Syracuse in Sicily. According to Greek mythology, the fresh water fountain is the place where the nymph Arethusa, the patron figure of ancient Syracuse, returned to earth's surface after escaping from her undersea home in Arcadia. The fountain is mentioned in a number of works of literature, for instance John Milton’s pastoral elegy ""Lycidas"" (l. 85) and his masque ""Arcades"", as well as Alexander Pope’s satire ""The Dunciad"" (Bk 2, l. 342) and William Wordsworth's"
"Salamis Island Salamis (; ""Salamína"", Ancient and Katharevousa: Σαλαμίς ""Salamís""), is the largest Greek island in the Saronic Gulf, about 1 nautical mile (2 km) off-coast from Piraeus and about west of central Athens. The chief city, Salamina, lies in the west-facing core of the crescent on Salamis Bay, which opens into the Saronic Gulf. On the Eastern side of the island is its main port, Paloukia, in size second in Greece only to Piraeus, the port of Athens. The traditional etymology of Salamis derives it from the eponymous nymph Salamis, the mother of Cychreus, the legendary first king of"
"to consider three other cities: Thessaloniki, Chios and Smyrna. Despite the political turbulence of the era over the city of Smyrna, the famous mathematician constructed a ""plan for the creation of a new University in Greece"", named “Ionian University” on 20 October 1919. The city of Smyrna was the ancient center of the Ionian civilization along with the islands of Samos and Chios and had the distinct cultural heritage from great Greek philosophers and mathematicians such as Herodotus and Pythagoras, who was born in Samos. Consequently, the greek government decided to materialize Carathéodory's vision and establish the Ionian University, based"
"marvel of ancient engineering. Samos is the birthplace of the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras, after whom the Pythagorean theorem is named, the philosopher Epicurus, and the astronomer Aristarchus of Samos, the first known individual to propose that the Earth revolves around the sun. Samian wine was well known in antiquity, and is still produced on the island. The island was governed by the semi-autonomous Principality of Samos under Ottoman suzerainty from 1835 until it joined Greece in 1912. Strabo derived the name from the Phoenician word ""sama"" meaning ""high"". The area of the island is , and it is"
"underground and appeared here, thus providing water for the city. Arethusa and her pursuer, the river god Alpheus, came from Arcadia in Greece; coincidentally the colony of Syracuse was founded by Greeks from Corinth. See main article: Syracuse, Sicily Ortygia, being an island just off the coast, was easily transformed into a natural fortress with harbors and was big enough that it could hold a significant population in ancient times. Therefore, the history of Ortygia is synonymous with the early history of Syracuse. Ortygia is located at the eastern end of Syracuse and is separated from it by a narrow"
"History of the Cyclades The Cyclades (Greek: Κυκλάδες ""Kykládes"") are Greek islands located in the southern part of the Aegean Sea. The archipelago contains some 2,200 islands, islets and rocks; just 33 islands are inhabited. For the ancients, they formed a circle (κύκλος / kyklos in Greek) around the sacred island of Delos, hence the name of the archipelago. The best-known are, from north to south and from east to west: Andros, Tinos, Mykonos, Naxos, Amorgos, Syros, Paros and Antiparos, Ios, Santorini, Anafi, Kea, Kythnos, Serifos, Sifnos, Folegandros and Sikinos, Milos and Kimolos; to these can be added the little"
"History of Syracuse, New York Syracuse is a city in Central New York sited on the former lands of the Onondaga Nation. Officially incorporated as a village in 1825, it has been at a major crossroads over the last two centuries, first of the Erie Canal and its branch canals, then on the railway network. The city grew on the back of its salt and chemical industries, and later as a center of manufacturing and engineering. Although its industries have dwindled, the city has remained the economic and educational hub of Central New York, a region with over a million"
"also wrote extensively on other subjects, such as conic sections, optics, spherical geometry, and mechanics, but only half of his writings survive. Archimedes (c. 287–212 BC) of Syracuse, widely considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity, used the method of exhaustion to calculate the area under the arc of a parabola with the summation of an infinite series, in a manner not too dissimilar from modern calculus. He also showed one could use the method of exhaustion to calculate the value of π with as much precision as desired, and obtained the most accurate value of π then known, . He"
"on 13 December. Syracuse and its surrounding area have been inhabited since ancient times, as shown by the findings in the villages of Stentinello, Ognina, Plemmirio, Matrensa, Cozzo Pantano and ""Thapsos"", which already had a relationship with Mycenaean Greece. Syracuse was founded in 734 or 733 BC by Greek settlers from Corinth and Tenea, led by the ""oecist"" (colonizer) Archias. There are many attested variants of the name of the city including ""Syrakousai"", ""Syrakosai"" and ""Syrakō"". A possible origin of the city's name was given by Vibius Sequester citing first Stephanus Byzantius in that there was a Syracusian marsh ()"
"Odyssey, Syros was the country of the swineherd Eumaeus who described it at length (Odyssey, XV, 403 sq.). The island was also the home of the philosopher Pherecydes, the teacher of Pythagoras. It possessed two leading cities, Syros (now the modern Ermoupoli) and another city on the western coast where Galissas now stands. The island did not play an important role during antiquity nor the early Christian years , it was not even a diocese at a time when even the smallest island possessed its bishop. During Roman times the capital of Syros was situated in the area of contemporary"
"called ""Syrako"" and secondly Marcian's ""Periegesis"" wherein Archias gave the city the name of a nearby marsh; hence one gets ""Syrako"" (and thereby ""Syrakousai"" and other variants) for the name of Syracuse, a name also attested by Epicharmus. The settlement of Syracuse was a planned event, as a strong central leader, Arkhias the aristocrat, laid out how property would be divided up for the settlers, as well as plans for how the streets of the settlement should be arranged, and how wide they should be. The nucleus of the ancient city was the small island of Ortygia. The settlers found"
"a particular theory was developed, and of the perennial interest in the Odyssey of Homer, and the facts of his life. Theorists, and excavations elsewhere, on the location of ""Homer's 'Ithaca'"" Homer's Ithaca Ithaca (; Greek: Ιθάκη, ""Ithakē"" ]) was, in Greek history, the island home of the hero Odysseus (Odyssey). The specific location of the island, as it was described in Homer's ""Odyssey"", is a matter for debate. There have been various theories about its location, although modern Ithaca (Ithaki) is generally accepted to be Homer's island by most scholars. The central character of the ancient allegory, Odyssey, Odysseus,"
"Seal of City of Syracuse The Seal of City of Syracuse, New York, dates back to founding of Syracuse in 1848, with the joining of the villages of Syracuse and Geddes. The first city seal included a man or god of antiquity, possibly Neptune, reclining in front of a locomotive, three small buildings, and a salt barn. The locomotive and the buildings protrude steam in the depiction. By 1860 the seal had been modified to include more smoke stacks, solar salt vats, and hills. The ancient man or god disappeared by 1877, and the depiction changes to a canal boat,"
"Cyclades The Cyclades (; ) are an island group in the Aegean Sea, southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece. They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago. The name refers to the islands ""around"" (κυκλάς) the sacred island of Delos. The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos. The significant Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Cycladic culture is best known for its schematic, flat idols carved out of the islands' pure white marble centuries before the great Middle Bronze Age Minoan civilization arose in Crete to the south. (These figures"
"Syracuse, Missouri Syracuse is a city in Morgan County, Missouri, United States. The population was 172 at the 2010 census. In the middle of the 19th century, the city was the western terminus of the Pacific Railway that reached 108 miles from St. Louis. The current mayor of Syracuse is Duane A. Doyle. Syracuse was originally called Pacific City, and under the latter name was laid out in 1858. The present name is after Syracuse, New York. Syracuse is located at (38.669904, -92.874911). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land."
"Amyclae Amyclae or Amyklai () was a city of ancient Laconia, situated on the right or eastern bank of the Eurotas, 20 stadia south of Sparta, in a district remarkable for the abundance of its trees and its fertility. Amyclae was one of the most celebrated cities of Peloponnesus in the heroic age. It is, said to have been founded by the Lacedaemonian king Amyclas, the father of Hyacinthus, and to have been the abode of Tyndarus, and of Castor and Pollux, who are hence called ""Amyclaei Fratres"". Amyclae is mentioned by Homer, and it continned to maintain its independence"