"Lisa del Giocondo Lisa del Giocondo (; née Gherardini ; June 15, 1479 – July 15, 1542) was an Italian noblewoman, member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany. Her name was given to the ""Mona Lisa"", her portrait commissioned by her husband and painted by Leonardo da Vinci during the Italian Renaissance. Little is known about Lisa's life. Born in Florence and married in her teens to a cloth and silk merchant who later became a local official, she was a mother to five children and led what is thought to have been a comfortable and ordinary middle-class"
"portrait of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, and is in oil on a white Lombardy poplar panel. It had been believed to have been painted between 1503 and 1506; however, Leonardo may have continued working on it as late as 1517. Recent academic work suggests that it would not have been started before 1513. It was acquired by King Francis I of France and is now the property of the French Republic, on permanent display at the Louvre Museum in Paris since 1797. The subject's expression, which is frequently described as enigmatic, the monumentality of the composition,"
"portraiture to traditional religious and classical subjects. Leonardo and Pisanello were among the first Italian artists to add allegorical symbols to their secular portraits. One of best-known portraits in the Western world is Leonardo da Vinci's painting titled ""Mona Lisa"", named for Lisa del Giocondo, a member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany and the wife of wealthy Florentine silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo. The famous ""Mona Lisa smile"" is an excellent example of applying subtle asymmetry to a face. In his notebooks, Leonardo advises on the qualities of light in portrait painting: A very high degree of"
"painting, in 1503, the portrait of a Florentine lady by the name of Lisa del Giocondo. About this we are now certain. Unfortunately, we cannot be absolutely certain that this portrait of Lisa del Giocondo is the painting of the Louvre."" The model, Lisa del Giocondo, was a member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany, and the wife of wealthy Florentine silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo. The painting is thought to have been commissioned for their new home, and to celebrate the birth of their second son, Andrea. The Italian name for the painting, ""La Gioconda"", means ""jocund"""
"between the family and Tintoretto, except that the Gherardinis were members of the Great Council of the Republic of Venice and, therefore, frequented Venice. However, in 1568 the Venetian painter drew the portrait of Francesco Gherardini. The portrait is on display at the Ca' Rezzonico Museum of Venice. Although there were contacts with Leonardo da Vinci, their full nature is not known. Leonardo drew both the portrait of Lisa Gherardini and the Gherardinis' Chapel in Montagliari. A painting commissioned by the family in 2010 can be seen in the Church of Sant'Appiano, still used by the family and where Gherarduccio"
"a primarily religious character based on the models of Cerano with a particular focus of the theatrical elements. Melchiorre Gherardini Melchiorre Gherardini (1607–1668), known as Ceranino, was an Italian painter. Born in Milan in 1607, Gherardini was closely linked in his artistic career to Giovan Battista Crespi, known as Cerano, his master and father-in-law. On Cerano’s death, he inherited his workshop and house, where he is documented as resident with his wife from 1633 on. This was also the year when he adopted the byname ""Ceranino"" in order to celebrate the memory of the great figure of 17th-century painting and"
"crowded historic center of Pietrasanta to more spacious premises in the nearby town of Camaiore. Sem Ghelardini Sem Ghelardini (30 March 1927 – 12 January 1997) was an Italian sculptor and artisan. He was known as a master marble-carver and was the founder of Studio Sem in Pietrasanta which has executed the monumental works of many contemporary sculptors, including Henry Moore and Joan Miro. Helaine Blumenfeld and Harold F. Clayton are amongst the artists who learned marble carving at his studio. Ghelardini died in Pietrasanta, the city of his birth, at the age of 69. Studio Sem continues to the"
"as professor of painting. Initially interested in historical subjects, starting from the second half of the 1860s Gilardi eventually specialized in genre painting, and from the middle of the 1870s focused in often humorous depictions of elderly subjects and of church everyday life. He got a large popularity due to the painting ""Hodie mihi cras tibi"" (1884), now in the Modern Art Gallery of Turin. Among his pupils was Giovanni Guarlotti and Giovanni Rava. Pier Celestino Gilardi Pier Celestino Gilardi (16 September 1837 – 4 October 1905) was an Italian painter and sculptor. Born in Campertogno, the son of a"
"Sem Ghelardini Sem Ghelardini (30 March 1927 – 12 January 1997) was an Italian sculptor and artisan. He was known as a master marble-carver and was the founder of Studio Sem in Pietrasanta which has executed the monumental works of many contemporary sculptors, including Henry Moore and Joan Miro. Helaine Blumenfeld and Harold F. Clayton are amongst the artists who learned marble carving at his studio. Ghelardini died in Pietrasanta, the city of his birth, at the age of 69. Studio Sem continues to the present day, directed by his former assistant and collaborator Keara McMartin and his youngest son"
"watercolor. Two of her daughters went on to become painters as well: Antoinette (1813–1866) and Fulvia (1818–1911). Ernesta Legnani Bisi Ernesta Legnani Bisi (June 18, 1788 – November 13, 1859) was an Italian painter and engraver. Born in Milan, she became a student of the Brera Academy, where she studied under the direction of Giuseppe Longhi. She was recognized as a brilliant student, and won the prize in 1810 for the design of the Academy. In 1811 she married Giuseppe Bisi from Genoa, a painter and professor of the Academy, by whom she had five children. She was a strong"
"Girondini Arte Contemporanea, Verona, Italy in 2000. The title comes from Sylvia Plath’s “Lady Lazarus” and was inspired by the quote, “Dying/Is an art, like everything else.” It examines her fascination with death, especially her own. In a series of around 30 stylized photographs, rich with allusions to Mannerist painting, she documented possible scenarios of her own demise. In the series Eyre’s poses are rehearsals for possible ends that she absorbs into her own body. The resonant photos depict the photographer in staged death poses: in a bathtub, knife on the bathroom tiles; head leaning on an open oven door;"
"Deboni, internationally renowned for his glass creations. Gabriella Crespi Gabriella Crespi (17 February 1922 – 14 February 2017) was an Italian artist-designer whose work spanned furniture design, jewelry and sculpture. Transforming objects by adding changes in their function, Crespi developed her style with a repertoire of more than two thousand pieces. Her work methods recall those of Renaissance workshops, bringing craftsmanship and artistic approach together. Her design pieces have been appreciated and owned by public figures as King Faisal, the Shah Reza Pahlavi, Grace Kelly, George Livanos, Thomas Hoving, Audrey Hepburn, Gunter Sachs and celebrated by design enthusiasts and magazines."
"of this, neorealism effectively ended with that film; subsequent works turned toward lighter atmospheres, perhaps more coherent with the improving conditions of the country, and this genre has been called ""pink neorealism"". This trend allowed better-""equipped"" actresses to become real celebrities, such as Sophia Loren, Gina Lollobrigida, Silvana Pampanini, Lucia Bosé, Barbara Bouchet, Eleonora Rossi Drago, Silvana Mangano, Virna Lisi, Claudia Cardinale and Stefania Sandrelli. Soon pink neorealism, such as ""Pane, amore e gelosia"" (1954, released in the US as ""Frisky"") with Vittorio DeSica and Gina Lollobrigida, was replaced by the ""Commedia all'italiana"", a unique genre that, born on an"
"Organization. On 1 February 2018, Lollobrigida received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Gina Lollobrigida Luigina ""Gina"" Lollobrigida (born 4 July 1927) is an Italian actress, photojournalist and sculptor. She was one of the highest profile European actresses of the 1950s and early 1960s, a period in which she was an international sex symbol. As her film career slowed, she established second careers as a photojournalist and sculptress. In the 1970s, she achieved a scoop by gaining access to Fidel Castro for an exclusive interview. She has continued as an active supporter of Italian and Italian American causes,"
"1913 by Hugh Blaker, an art connoisseur. The painting was presented to the media in 2012 by the Mona Lisa Foundation. It is a painting of the same subject as Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa. The painting is claimed by a majority of experts to be mostly an original work of Leonardo dating from the early 16th century. Other experts, including Zöllner and Kemp, deny the attribution. Notes Bibliography Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa (; or La Gioconda , ) is a half-length portrait painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Leonardo da Vinci that has been described as ""the best"
"Bondone in the late 13th century. One of the most influential artists who ever lived, Giotto changed the course of Western art by painting in a new realistic style. Florence became the center of early Renaissance art. The great Florentine masters of painting included Masaccio, Fra Angelico, Andrea Mantegna, Sandro Botticelli, and Paolo Uccello. The greatest artist of the 15th century was probably Leonardo da Vinci. His portrait ""Mona Lisa"" and his religious scene ""The Last Supper"" are among the most famous paintings in history. The later Renaissance was dominated by Raphael and Michelangelo. Raphael painted balanced, harmonious pictures that"
"largest in Europe. While economically successful, there were great disparities in wealth among Florence's inhabitants. Antonmaria di Noldo Gherardini, Lisa's father, lost two wives, Lisa di Giovanni Filippo de' Carducci, whom he married in 1465, and Caterina di Mariotto Rucellai, whom he married in 1473. Both died in childbirth. Lisa's mother was Lucrezia del Caccia, daughter of Piera Spinelli, and Gherardini's wife by his third marriage in 1476. Gherardini at one time owned or rented six farms in Chianti that produced wheat, wine and olive oil and where livestock was raised. Lisa was born in Florence on June 15, 1479,"
"whom Rossetti drew and painted often and can be seen as the subject of many of his works at this time such as La Ghirlandata and Veronica Veronese. She is standing amongst vegetation. with an exotic instrument, staring out into the distance. The bird on the instrument acts to identify the female figure as a siren from antiquity, as they were originally depicted with wings or ""birds inhabited by soulds of the dead. Outside of his inner circle of friends, family, and wealthy patrons, Rossetti was often more well known for his poetry and pieces of literature than his paintings"
"Hippolytus (died as a baby); Anthony (died in the war of Hungary); Alemanno (Knight of Malta) and Fabio, who was the last to die in Denmark in 1743. None of them left any heir. This was the branch Lisa Gherardini, the Gioconda, belonged to. In 1632, this branch and the current branch built the Chapel of Santa Maria della Neve in Montagliari (subsequently drawn by Leonardo da Vinci). In January 1857, with a Decree of the Duke of Modena, another branch took on ""Gherardini-Parigi"" as its surname in order to continue the line of Gian Marco Gherardini's mother, Alda Parigi"
"of the most reproduced works of art; countless copies have been made in every medium from carpets to cameos. Among the works created by Leonardo in the 16th century is the small portrait known as the ""Mona Lisa"" or ""la Gioconda"", the laughing one. In the present era, it is arguably the most famous painting in the world. Its fame rests, in particular, on the elusive smile on the woman's face, its mysterious quality perhaps due to the subtly shadowed corners of the mouth and eyes such that the exact nature of the smile cannot be determined. The shadowy quality"
"a modestly successful cloth and silk merchant, becoming his third wife. Lisa's dowry was 170 florins and the San Silvestro farm near her family's country home, which lies between Castellina and San Donato in Poggio, near two farms later owned by Michelangelo. The modest dowry may be a sign that the Gherardini family was not wealthy at the time and lends reason to think she and her husband loved each other. Neither poor nor among the most well-to-do in Florence, the couple lived a middle-class life. Lisa's marriage may have increased her social status because her husband's family may have"
"and geology; his interest in physiognomy and the way humans register emotion in expression and gesture; his innovative use of the human form in figurative composition; and his use of subtle gradation of tone. All these qualities come together in his most famous painted works, the ""Mona Lisa"", the ""Last Supper"", and the ""Virgin of the Rocks"". Leonardo first gained notoriety for his work on the ""Baptism of Christ"", painted in conjunction with Verrocchio. Two other paintings appear to date from his time at Verrocchio's workshop, both of which are Annunciations. One is small, long and high. It is a"
"15th Century to early 16th Century. Although it is unknown who the sitter truly was, it is known for fact that the painting was created in Florence, Italy between the years 1503-1506. In August, 2013, Researchers opened a tomb in Florence they believe may hold the remains of Lisa Gheradini. By comparing the DNA from the remains in the tomb with those of her son, the researchers hope to solidify her remains as Lisa Gheradini before creating a reconstruction of her face based on the skeletal remains. The centuries-old question may finally be close to an answer. It is the"
"Madonnina (painting) The Madonnina, commonly known as the Madonna of the Streets, was a painting created by Roberto Ferruzzi (1854–1934) that won the second Venice Biennale in 1897. The models for this painting were Angelina Cian (age 11) and her younger brother. Although not originally painted as a religious picture, this painting became popularized as an image of the Virgin Mary holding her infant son, and has become the most renowned of Ferruzzi's works. The original painting made its first appearance at an art exhibition in Venice in 1897. John George Alexander Leishman, steel millionaire and diplomat, who died in"
"to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife"" (). The portrait's Italian name ""La Gioconda"" is the feminine form of her married name. In French it is known by the variant ""La Joconde"". Though derived from Lisa's married name there is the added significance that the name derives from the word for ""happy"" (in English, ""jocund"") or ""the happy one"". Speculation assigned Lisa's name to at least four different paintings and her identity to at least ten different people. By the end of the 20th century, the painting was a global icon that had been"
"angel, whose method of propulsion is a whirlygig rather than wings. One of her largest paintings (9 x 6 feet) is a surreal oil on canvas, entitled “Leda and the Folks,” from 1963. It is one of Sharrer’s earlier forays into surrealism, featuring three somewhat oddly proportioned figures, two of which are based on Elvis Presley 's parents, while the third, a Renaissance-like, golden-haired nude young woman, represents Sharrer’s take on the ancient Greek myth of Leda and the Swan, in which Zeus transformed himself into a swan to get close to and seduce a beautiful woman. The painting is"
"alongside her husband (of now 50 years), she found herself artistically in her 30s where she rediscovered her love of art, developing into the renowned artist she was—having dedicated herself artistically to acrylic paintings on canvas for almost four decades. Her work is often compared to the Dutch Masters of the 17th century for her mastery of light and the art of ""chiaroscuro"", an Italian term that describes the technique of contrasting light and shade in order to enhance shape, form, texture and transparency. Oranges—her indisputable object of artistic focus—center in most of her current paintings due to their unmistakable"
"been richer than her own. Francesco is thought to have benefited because Gherardini is an ""old name"". They lived in shared accommodation until March 5, 1503, when Francesco was able to buy a house next door to his family's old home in the Via della Stufa. Leonardo is thought to have begun painting Lisa's portrait the same year. Lisa and Francesco had five children: Piero, Camilla, Andrea, Giocondo, and Marietta, four of them between 1496 and 1507. Lisa lost a baby daughter in 1499. Lisa also raised Bartolomeo, the son of Francesco and his first wife Camilla di Mariotto Rucellai,"
"herself to raising children. In her free time she organized artistic events, whose donations were given to refugees from Istria. She also participated with funding the building of a House for the Relief of Non-performing loans, commissioned by Padre Pio. In the 1950s, Galeazzo dies, and she managed the family business, continuing to paint in her free time. In the 1960s, she returned to full-time to painting and poetry. Cosmology fascinated her. She began to produce geometric paintings. By the end of that decade she had achieved fame. Dozens of exhibitions included her paintings. Positivde commentors included Francesco Ogliari Monteverdi"
"that emphasized massive, immobile forms. In paintings such as ""La Lampada"" of 1919 (Pinateca di Brera, Milan), mannequins substitute for figures, as in the metaphysical paintings of Giorgio de Chirico and Carlo Carrà. In 1922, Sironi was one of the founders of the Novecento Italiano movement, which was part of the return to order in European art during the post-war period. Paintings such as ""Venere"" of 1921–1923 (Galleria Civica d'Arte Moderna, Turin) and ""Solitudine"" (""Solitude"", 1925; Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome), with their contained, geometric forms, bear some kinship to the neoclassicism evident in works produced at the same time"
"crochet and table-carpets. More than any other artist, he advanced the study and painting of ""atmosphere"". In his paintings such as the ""Mona Lisa"" (c.1503-1517) and ""Virgin of the Rocks"" (1483-1486) (the earliest complete work fully of his hand), he used light and shade with such subtlety that, for want of a better word, it became known as Leonardo's ""sfumato"" or ""smoke"". He exhibited a revolutionary use of colour by defining the transition between figures by colour modulation instead of by actual lines. His work invited the viewer into a mysterious world of shifting shadows, chaotic mountains and whirling torrents."
"the viewer to a merely passive or non-interactive receiver. ""Aristocratic cool"", known as sprezzatura, has existed in Europe for centuries, particularly when relating to frank amorality and love or illicit pleasures behind closed doors; Raphael's ""Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione"" and Leonardo da Vinci's ""Mona Lisa"" are classic examples of ""sprezzatura"". The ""sprezzatura"" of the Mona Lisa is seen in both her smile and the positioning of her hands. Both the smile and hands are intended to convey her grandeur, self-confidence and societal position. Sprezzatura means, literally, disdain and detachment. It is the art of refraining from the appearance of trying"
"of her work, three at SoHo galleries and one at the Wadsworth Atheneum, which revived her legacy just before her death in 1999 at the age 68. In a 2001 interview, Lucy Lippard noted, ""Lee was extraordinarily intense, one of the first, if not the first person (along with Ian Wilson) who did the life-as-art thing. The kind of things other people did as art, she really did as life--and it took us a while to figure that out."" Lee Lozano Lee Lozano (November 5, 1930 – October 2, 1999) was an American painter, and visual and conceptual artist. Born"