"heavily inundated by flood water for at least four months each year. ""H. microphylla"" is not exploited in the wild, probably because of the poor quality of the latex which is mixed with resins, and it is not cultivated. Hevea microphylla Hevea microphylla is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the Amazon basin where it occurs in Venezuela, Colombia and northern Brazil. It was first described in 1905 by the German botanist Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule. It is the only member of the genus to be included in"
"Hevea Hevea is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, with about ten members. It is also one of many names used commercially for the wood of the most economically important rubber tree, ""H. brasiliensis"". The genus is native to tropical South America but is widely cultivated in other tropical countries and naturalized in several of them. It was first described in 1775. French botanist and explorer Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet first described ""Hevea"" as a genus in 1775. ""H. brasiliensis"" and ""H. guianensis"" are large trees, often reaching more than in height. Most of the"
"increasing the disease resistance and improving the growth qualities of ""H. brasiliensis"". The seeds contain toxic substances and are poisonous to humans when raw, but they are eaten by local people when thoroughly cooked. Hevea benthamiana Hevea benthamiana is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. A medium-sized deciduous tree growing to a height of about , it is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. ""H. benthamiana"" is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to around , often with a narrow crown and a swollen, bottle-like trunk; these features seem"
"Hevea spruceana Hevea spruceana is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Guyana. It is named in honour of the English botanist Richard Spruce who spent the years 1849 to 1864 exploring the Amazon basin and sending botanical specimens back to Europe. ""H. spruceana"" is a medium-sized, evergreen tree that sometimes develops a markedly swollen trunk, seemingly a response to periodical flooding. The leaves have three elliptical leaflets. The inflorescence is a panicle with separate male and female flowers; in contrast to other"
"Hevea benthamiana Hevea benthamiana is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. A medium-sized deciduous tree growing to a height of about , it is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela. ""H. benthamiana"" is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to around , often with a narrow crown and a swollen, bottle-like trunk; these features seem to be a response to periodic flooding because they do not occur in cultivated trees. This tree is deciduous, shedding its old foliage before stubby ""winter shoots"" develop. This may be a response to"
"embedded in the pulp. After fruiting, the flower stem develops into a twisting tendril which branches near its tip. Members of this genus exude latex when the bark is damaged. The vines have traditionally been used to supply rubber but that function has increasingly been taken over by the rubber tree, ""Hevea brasiliensis"" which can be conveniently grown in plantations. The latex from these vines is still used to a limited extent for rubber production. Many species have large edible fruits which are sweet and juicy and rich in Beta-Carotene. However, commercialisation of the crop is difficult because of the"
"of three to five stamens in the male flowers. The fruits contain three large, rounded seeds. Hevea camargoana Hevea camargoana is a species of flowering plant in the genus ""Hevea"", the rubber trees, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the island of Marajó in the Amazon delta in northeastern Brazil where it was discovered in 1975. It is a small tree and Its typical habitat is dry savannah and woodland bordering seasonally inundated swamps. In the wild, this species grows to a height of , but in cultivation it can reach twice this height. Distinguishing features include"
"programmes, for example in Malaysia, to increase the disease resistance and improve the growth qualities of ""Hevea brasiliensis"". Hevea pauciflora Hevea pauciflora is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Venezuela, the Guyanas, northern Brazil, Colombia and Peru. It grows on slopes and high river banks where it is not seasonally inundated. ""H. pauciflora"" is a small evergreen tree growing to a height of about . The specific epithet ""pauciflora"", refers to the Latin term for 'few flowered'. It is sometimes tapped for rubber production but"
"Hevea camargoana Hevea camargoana is a species of flowering plant in the genus ""Hevea"", the rubber trees, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the island of Marajó in the Amazon delta in northeastern Brazil where it was discovered in 1975. It is a small tree and Its typical habitat is dry savannah and woodland bordering seasonally inundated swamps. In the wild, this species grows to a height of , but in cultivation it can reach twice this height. Distinguishing features include leaves with pale green undersides, whitish flowers with red bases, toothed basal disks, and single whorls"
"Hevea microphylla Hevea microphylla is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the Amazon basin where it occurs in Venezuela, Colombia and northern Brazil. It was first described in 1905 by the German botanist Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule. It is the only member of the genus to be included in the subgenus ""Microphyllae"". ""H. microphylla"" is a small tree up to tall, with a small, sparse crown and a slender trunk with a swollen, bottle-like base. It bears ""winter shoots"", stubby side shoots with short internodes, scale leaves on"
"Hevea nitida Hevea nitida is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is a medium-sized evergreen tree up to tall. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Colombia. ""H. nitida"" is a medium-sized, evergreen tree growing to with a slender trunk and branching crown. The exception to this is the variety ""toxicodendroides"", which is a shrubby form only growing to about tall. The leaves have three, drooping, elliptical leaflets, that are folded upwards at the midrib; both upper and lower surfaces are glossy bright green. Male and female flowers"
"is still not as quick and cheap to make as petroleum-based rubber, which is why it does not occupy a larger portion of the market. The Hevea tree naturally produces a latex substance which can tapped by cutting into the tree, and the latex can then be processed into rubber. Most hydrocarbon plants are not trees, however, so this technique of tapping the tree is no longer feasible. Instead of tapping the tree, the hydrocarbons are extracted using various organic solvents. This process is especially useful with single-cell algae, such as Botryococcus braunii. This algae has two forms, both of"
"tea. The trees produce a dense wood used for timber in making ships and furniture. The thick bark of some species is used by indigenous peoples of the Amazon to make canoes. Seeds contain large amounts (40% of dry weight) of a highly viscous polysaccharide (xyloglucan) which can be used in several industrial sectors such as food, paper, cosmetic and pharmaceutical. The trees also make hard resins that are used to manufacture varnish, especially the resin from ""Hymenaea courbaril"" (jatobá) in Brazil. The resin that is produced in Brazil is known as South American copal, and ""Hymenaea verrucosa"" is the"
"allergy is an IgE (immune) mediated reaction to proteins found in the ""Hevea brasiliensis"" tree, a type of rubber tree. Testing for type I natural rubber latex allergy is through blood testing to determine if the patient is producing IgE antibodies to latex proteins. Anaphylactic shock can be provoked in allergic persons by the ""previous"" use of latex in an area: latex is typically powdered to prevent sticking, latex proteins become attached to the particles of powder, and the powder becomes airborne when the latex item is used, triggering potentially life-threatening Type I reactions when the latex-contaminated powder is inhaled"
"cream colored. The wood of the tree is used for making charcoal, firewood and wooden stakes. The bark is used for medicine. ""Mimosa verrucosa"" has been proven to be a very important provider of pollen for ""Apis mellifera"", the European honey bee. The tree contains the hallucinogen dimethyltryptamine in its root bark. Mimosa verrucosa Mimosa verrucosa, jurema-branca (""white jurema"") or jurema-de-oeiras is a species of legume in the common bean family, Fabaceae, and in the subfamily and genus of ""Mimosa pudica"", the touch me not. It is a shrub or small tree native to Brazil (Bahia, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco and"
"Hevea guianensis Hevea guianensis is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guyanas, Brazil, Colombia and Peru. It generally grows on well-drained soils or on those that are only lightly inundated, on river banks, in gallery forests, savannah forests and wooded slopes. ""H. guianensis"" is a large evergreen tree growing to a height of . Annual growth is in the form of vigorous short shoots on which flowers and foliage develop before the old leaves are shed. The leaves are tri-foliate (with three"
"Hevea rigidifolia Hevea rigidifolia is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Colombia, where it is endemic to localities near the upper Rio Negro, a north bank tributary of the Amazon River, and its tributary, the Vaupés River. ""H. rigidifolia"" is a small tree reaching about in height. Annual growth is in the form of vigorous spur shoots with short internodes, scale-like leaves on the lower portions and normal foliage on the upper portions. The leaves, which are bent back when they first"
"Pro-hevein Pro-hevein (Alternative name: Major hevein, gene name: HEV1) is a wound-induced and a lectin-like protein from ""Hevea brasiliensis"" (rubber tree) where it is involved in the coagulation of latex. The 187 amino-acid propeptide pro-hevein is cleaved in two fragments: a N-terminal 43 amino-acid Hevein bearing a chitin-binding type-1 domain (also known as CBM18 carbohydrate-binding module) that binds to chitin and a 138 amino-acid Win-like protein bearing a Barwin domain. It has antifungal properties. Hevein is the main IgE-binding epitope of the major latex allergen prohevein as are hevein-like protein domains in fruit class I chitinases. Therefore it is a"
"Stevia Stevia () is a sweetener and sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of the plant species ""Stevia rebaudiana"", native to Brazil and Paraguay. The active compounds are steviol glycosides (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside), which have 30 to 150 times the sweetness of sugar, are heat-stable, pH-stable, and not fermentable. The body does not metabolize the glycosides in stevia and therefore it contains 0 calories like some artificial sweeteners. Stevia's taste has a slower onset and longer duration than that of sugar, and some of its extracts may have a bitter or licorice-like aftertaste at high concentrations. The legal status"
"Stevia Stevia () is a sweetener and sugar substitute extracted from the leaves of the plant species ""Stevia rebaudiana"", native to Brazil and Paraguay. The active compounds are steviol glycosides (mainly stevioside and rebaudioside), which have 30 to 150 times the sweetness of sugar, are heat-stable, pH-stable, and not fermentable. The body does not metabolize the glycosides in stevia and therefore it contains 0 calories like some artificial sweeteners. Stevia's taste has a slower onset and longer duration than that of sugar, and some of its extracts may have a bitter or licorice-like aftertaste at high concentrations. The legal status"
"Cashew The cashew tree (""Anacardium occidentale"") is a tropical evergreen tree that produces the cashew seed (nut) and the cashew apple. It can grow as high as , but the dwarf cashew, growing up to , has proved more profitable, with earlier maturity and higher yields. The species is originally native to northeastern Brazil. Portuguese colonists in Brazil began exporting cashew nuts as early as the 1550s. Major production of cashews occurs in Vietnam, Nigeria, India, and Ivory Coast. The cashew nut, often simply called a cashew, is widely consumed. It is eaten on its own, used in recipes, or"
"possible cause for allergen cross-reactivity between latex and banana or other fruits like chestnuts or avocadoes. Hevein-like genes can be found in many plants including ""Arabidopsis thaliana"". The conformational epitope on hevein is called ""Hev b 6.02"". Pro-hevein Pro-hevein (Alternative name: Major hevein, gene name: HEV1) is a wound-induced and a lectin-like protein from ""Hevea brasiliensis"" (rubber tree) where it is involved in the coagulation of latex. The 187 amino-acid propeptide pro-hevein is cleaved in two fragments: a N-terminal 43 amino-acid Hevein bearing a chitin-binding type-1 domain (also known as CBM18 carbohydrate-binding module) that binds to chitin and a 138"
"""Coffea arabica"" and ""Coffea canephora"", are processed to extract the coffee beans. In many rural areas of the world, fruit is gathered from forest trees for consumption. Many trees bear edible nuts which can loosely be described as being large, oily kernels found inside a hard shell. These include coconuts (""Cocos nucifera""), Brazil nuts (""Bertholletia excelsa""), pecans (""Carya illinoinensis""), hazel nuts (""Corylus""), almonds (""Prunus dulcis""), walnuts (""Juglans regia""), pistachios (""Pistacia vera"") and many others. They are high in nutritive value and contain high-quality protein, vitamins and minerals as well as dietary fibre. Walnuts are particularly beneficial to health and contain"
"traded as an ""ironwood"", or just as ""ipê"" (the entire genus ""Tabebuia""), or as lapacho (properly ""Handroanthus serratifolius"") The bark of ""Handroanthus serratifolius"" contains chemical compounds including lapachol, quercetin, and other flavonoids. Handroanthus serratifolius Handroanthus serratifolius, is a species of tree, commonly known as yellow lapacho, pau d'arco , yellow poui, yellow ipe, pau d'arco amarelo, or ipê-amarelo. It is a tree native to forests throughout Central and South America. This plant grows in the Cerrado vegetation of Brazil, reaching up to French Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay and Northern Argentina. It is one of the largest and strongest of tropical forest"
"tobacco (Alagoas and Bahia) and cashew trees (Piauí, Paraíba and Ceará), as well as fine grapes, mango, melon, acerola and other fruits for domestic consumption and export (Pernambuco, Bahia and Rio Grande do Norte). Also noteworthy are the plantations of Cacau in Ilhéus and Itabuna, coffee plantations in the Planalto da Conquista, Vitória da Conquista region and beans in Irecê, in the state of Bahia. In the region cattle are raised mainly. The largest cattle herds are in Bahia (10,229,459 heads), followed by Maranhão (5,592,007), Ceará (2,105,441), Pernambuco (1,861,570) and Piauí (1,560,552). In the hinterland, producers often suffer losses due"
"Research Council's Rubber Division, and he was a consultant to the War Production Board during World War II. In 1941, he became the first recipient of the Charles Goodyear Medal. He died on September 24, 1957 in New York. In the early years of rubber production, high quality natural rubber was obtained from the tree, ""Hevea braziliensis"", found in the regions bordering the Amazon river. The high quality rubber exhibited desired properties, such as a high tensile strength (greater than 2800 psi) and a two-hour vulcanization time. Vulcanization is the process by which natural rubber is strengthened by cross-linking the"
"""Hevea"" tree comes from the Olmec culture, in which rubber was first used for making balls for the Mesoamerican ballgame. Rubber was later used by the Maya and Aztec cultures – in addition to making balls Aztecs used rubber for other purposes such as making containers and to make textiles waterproof by impregnating them with the latex sap. The Pará rubber tree is indigenous to South America. Charles Marie de La Condamine is credited with introducing samples of rubber to the ""Académie Royale des Sciences"" of France in 1736. In 1751, he presented a paper by François Fresneau to the"
"are ""Serrasalmus serrulatus"" and ""Pristobrycon striolatus"". These fish are more selective, peeling the seeds and discarding the skins before breaking up and swallowing the kernels. Other fish that invade the flooded forest and are found near ""H. spruceana"" are the flesh-eating piranhas, which feed on other fish, insects, birds and animals that have fallen into the water, sometimes supplementing this diet with the fruits and seeds of the rubber tree. Hevea spruceana Hevea spruceana is a species of rubber tree in the genus ""Hevea"", belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae. It is native to the rainforests of northern Brazil and Guyana."
"called it ""ka'a he'ê"" (""sweet herb""). The leaves have been used traditionally for hundreds of years in both Brazil and Paraguay to sweeten local teas and medicines, and as a ""sweet treat"". The genus was named for Spanish botanist and physician Petrus Jacobus Stevus (Pedro Jaime Esteve 1500–1556), a professor of botany at the University of Valencia. In 1899, Swiss botanist Moisés Santiago Bertoni, while conducting research in eastern Paraguay, first described the plant and the sweet taste in detail. Only limited research was conducted on the topic until in 1931 two French chemists isolated the glycosides that give stevia"
"Biancaea sappan Biancaea sappan is a species of flowering tree in the legume family, Fabaceae, that is native to tropical Asia. Common names in English include sappanwood and Indian redwood. Sappanwood is related to Brazilwood (""P. echinata""), and was originally called ""brezel wood"" in Europe. Disease : Twig dieback (""Lasiodiplodia theobromae"") This plant has many uses. It has antibacterial and anticoagulant properties. It also produces a valuable reddish dye called brazilin, used for dyeing fabric as well as making red paints and inks. Slivers of heartwood are used for making herbal drinking water in various regions, such as Kerala and"
"production of oil products such as lacquers and can be used as biodiesel. After filtration, this oil can be used in the engine of a regular diesel automobile. Some natives have been reported to use the fuel for cooking. The wood is highly resistant to natural decay, and as such is used in carpentry where the tree is native. European honey bees are strongly attracted to the tree for its pollen, making it a mainstay of Brazilian apiculture. Natives in the Amazon use the oil collected from the tree as a traditional medicine: primarily as an expectorant and antiseptic, but"
"who first collected specimens of feijoa in southern Brazil. It has been nicknamed ""pineapple guava"", ""Brazilian guava"", ""fig guava"" or ""guavasteen"" among different countries. The fruit, known as feijoa maturing in autumn, is green, ellipsoid, and about the size of a chicken egg. It has a sweet, aromatic flavour, which tastes like pineapple, apple and mint. The flesh is juicy and is divided into a clear, gelatinous seed pulp and a firmer, slightly granular, opaque flesh nearer the skin. The fruit falls to the ground when ripe and at its fullest flavour, but it may be picked from the tree"
"Cupuaçu Cupuaçu (""Theobroma grandiflorum""), also spelled cupuassu, cupuazú, cupu assu, and copoasu, is a tropical rainforest tree related to cacao. Common throughout the Amazon basin, it is cultivated in the jungles of Colombia, Bolivia and Peru and in the north of Brazil, with the largest production in Pará. The pulp of the cupuaçu fruit is consumed throughout Central and South America, is the national fruit of Brazil, and is used to make ice creams, snack bars, and other products. Cupuaçu trees usually range from in height, though some can reach . They have brown bark, and the leaves range from"