"year, the last remaining pure-bred Fribourgeois bull died, and the breed became effectively extinct. The modern Swiss Holstein is considered to derive from it. The breed has spread throughout Switzerland, and constitutes approximately 13% of the national dairy herd. In 2011 there were about cows, with 459 bulls. In 2015 a population of was reported. The Swiss Holstein is a large black-pied breed of dairy cattle. It produces large quantities of milk, but is less well-suited than the Braunvieh and Simmental to the extensive pasture management that is traditional in Switzerland. The Swiss Holstein is a dedicated dairy breed. Average"
"Groningen horse The Groningen Horse is a Dutch horse breed developed for light draft and agricultural work. It is closely related to heavy warmblood breeds like the East Friesian and Alt-Oldenburger. The breed was nearly lost in the mid-20th century because a significant number of mares were used for crossbreeding to create the Dutch Warmblood, leaving few purebreds. The Groningen shares much of its initial foundation with the Friesian, East Friesian and Alt-Oldenburger, and Holsteiner: small native farm horses and medieval destriers were influenced by popular Spanish, Neapolitan, and Arabian horses in the 17th and 18th centuries. Horses like England's"
"Heavy warmblood The heavy warmbloods () are a group of horse breeds primarily from continental Europe. The title includes the Ostfriesen (""East Friesian"") and Alt-Oldenburger (""Old-Oldenburger""), Groningen, and similar horses from Silesia, Saxony-Thuringia, and Bavaria. Breeds like the Hungarian Nonius, Kladruber, and Cleveland Bay are also often classed as ""heavy warmbloods."" They are the ancestors of the modern warmbloods, and are typically bred by preservation groups to fit the pre-World War model of the all-purpose utility horse. Unlike the registries of the sport horses that followed them, many heavy warmblood registries maintain closed or partly closed studbooks. However, external evaluation"
"temperaments, though they are seldom spiritless. They are described as ""sober"" with a tremendous work ethic. Dark colors predominate in the Groningen: almost 90% are black or some shade of bay. A small percentage are chestnut or grey, and there are strains known for the sabino or tobiano pattern though minimally-marked horses are favored. Photographs and records show that silver dapple coloring was present as well, though it is not known if any examples of this color have survived to modern day. The Groningen is typically shown in a white bridle without a cavesson, traditionally braided with contrasting white and"
"forms show the 2 curved lines of the forewing and 1 on the hindwing. — ab. ""grisearia"" Fuchs differs little from Linnes first type, but is stillgreyer. Frequent in Scotland. Also recorded from Germany and Austria. — ab. ""manitaria"" H.-Sch. is of a umform dark liver-colour with the lines obliterated. — ab. ""cinereostrigaria"" Klem. has the lines dark grey instead of white. The type specimens (females) were also narrow-winged. — ab. ""ochreochrearia"" Joan. (= ""ochracearia"" Rbl.) is clear ochreous, nearly as in ""Ennomos erosaria"" ab. ""intermediaria"" Gmpbg. is a transitional form, green with red costal margin, fringes, and edging to"
"a powerful, elegant horse about 15.2hh with an active, efficient trot, longevity, soundness, and an even temperament. While greys and chestnuts are permitted, discretely marked black, brown, and dark bay horses are preferred. Heavy warmbloods bred at Moritzburg are just as suitable for driving and leisure as those bred elsewhere. The Groningen horse was originally bred in the Groningen region of the Netherlands to perform agricultural work in the heavy soil. They were influenced by the other heavy warmblood breeds of Frisia: Ostfriesen, Oldenburgers, and Holsteiners. From 1897 to 1942 they were managed by the Gronings Paardenstamboek (""Groninger Studbook"" abbreviated"
"which in turn sprang from the Proto-Germanic root ""*bebruz"". Cognates in other Germanic languages include the Old Saxon ""bibar"", the Old Norse ""bjorr"", the Middle Dutch and Dutch ""bever"", the Low German ""bever"", the Old High German ""bibar"" and the Modern German ""Biber"". The Proto-Germanic word in turn came from the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) word ""*bhebhrus"", a reduplication of the PIE root ""*bher-"", meaning ""brown"" or ""bright"", whose own descendants now include the Lithuanian ""bebras"" and the Czech ""bobr"", as well as the Germanic forms. The North American and Eurasian beavers are the only extant members of the family Castoridae, contained"
"Geestharden house The Geestharden house (), also called the Cimbrian house (""Cimbrisches Haus""), Schleswig house (""Schleswiger Haus""), Slesvig house () or Southern Jutland house (""Sønderjysk gård"") due to its geographical spread in Jutland, is one of three basic forms on which the many farmhouse types in the north German state of Schleswig-Holstein are based. The other two basic designs are the Gulf house (including its variant, the Haubarg) and the Low German hall house. By far the best known variant of the Geestharden house is the ""Uthland-Frisian house"" (""Uhtlandfriesische Haus"" or ""Frisergård"") which is also referred to as the ""Frisian"
"known as a Suffused Yellow. In the blue series the absence of the yellow pigment turns the body colour to white, although this is usually suffused with blue, often quite heavily. When the suffusion is light, Dilute Skyblues are known as Whites; when it is heavy they are known as Suffused Whites. Dilute Cobalts and Mauves are usually known as Suffused Whites. Budgerigars were first introduced into Europe by the ornithologist and bird artist, John Gould, in 1840, when he imported to England a pair which had been bred by his brother-in-law, Charles Coxon. They grew steadily in popularity. For"
"— ab. ""pallida"" Tutt represents a very white form taken in Scotland, with many of the dark transverse markings obsolete; — ""bimaculosa"" Esp. is the darker grey form with blacker markings; — ""robsoni"" Collins is a strong melanic form from Cheshire in the W. of England only; there are also two aberrations from E. Asia, — ""asiatica"" Stgr. (= lama Stgr.) being dull grey and smaller than typical, while""askolda"" Oberth. from Askold Island [now ssp.] is a large brown form; — ab. ""calabrica"" nov. [Warren] is a very large form; the forewing with pale blue-grey ground colour, irrorated and suffused"
"Gelderlanders, the Dutch Warmblood, is a dominant force in sport. The Gelderlander is considered to be a more amateur-friendly horse. Heavy warmblood The heavy warmbloods () are a group of horse breeds primarily from continental Europe. The title includes the Ostfriesen (""East Friesian"") and Alt-Oldenburger (""Old-Oldenburger""), Groningen, and similar horses from Silesia, Saxony-Thuringia, and Bavaria. Breeds like the Hungarian Nonius, Kladruber, and Cleveland Bay are also often classed as ""heavy warmbloods."" They are the ancestors of the modern warmbloods, and are typically bred by preservation groups to fit the pre-World War model of the all-purpose utility horse. Unlike the registries"
"mares made their way back into the breeding population. So to do the Holsteiner ""Manfreid"" (""Markgraf""), Swedish ""Rousseau"" (Herzog), and the Hanoverians ""Atlantic"" (""Abglanz""), ""Ergo"" (""Abendjaeger""), and ""Boheme"" (""Bolero""). Otherwise, the Frederiksborger has been purebred for the past century, which accounts for their uniform type. Today, the numbers of Frederiksborgers are low, but the remaining examples are handsome horses. They are most often vividly marked flaxen chestnuts, though bays, buckskins, palominos, and greys are seen, as well. They usually have sabino-type markings and many have rabicano roaning, as well. In conformation and type, the Frederiksborger was ""ahead of its time"","
"The result of these exchanges was that at the turn of the century, the Groningen, East Friesian, Oldenburger, and Holsteiner were calm, substantial farm and carriage horses with primarily dark coats. In the 1920s and 30's, horses were bred to be rather heavier, fulfilling the roles of tractor horse and artillery horse, though the lighter ""Karossier"" type was still present in all populations. Following the wars, the breeding of heavy agricultural horses collapsed, and the breeders had to adapt. In 1964, the southern studbook opened a ""Sportregister"" with the aim of producing riding horses, and in 1969 the NWP and"
"association, called simply ""The Groningen Horse"", was recognized by Royal Decree and by the European Union 10 years later. Alt-Oldenburg/East Friesian, Silesian, East-German, and Holsteiner horses of the appropriate type were used to re-establish the Groningen, as well as one Cleveland Bay stallion. Today there are 25 approved stallions and over 400 mares. The Groningen standard calls for a correct horse; heavy, with the legs about half the horse's height, and a rectangular frame, with the body from point-of-shoulder to point-of-buttock about 10% greater than the height of the horse at the withers. The topline is level, muscular neck set"
"both sexes in the brown suffused forms: - the form ""sericea"" Speyer, from Holland and Germany, is described as having narrower silky grey forewings; -in [now full species ""levis"" Stgr.], from W. Turkestan and Asia Minor, the yellower ochreous tint is predominant and the dark markings are conspicuous but in some pale examples from Segovia, Spain- ab. ""ochrea"" ab. nov. [Warren] the dark markings tend to become effaced, the head, thorax, and forewings being pale yellow ochreous - ""amurensis"" Stgr. indicates small dark examples from Ussuri, Amurland. Similar to and confused with ""Hoplodrina octogenaria"" and ""Hoplodrina blanda"". Certain identification requires"
"by some commentators. In the Canadian provinces of Newfoundland and Labrador and Nova Scotia, this species is commonly referred to as a ""dogberry"" tree. In German, ""Sorbus aucuparia"" is known as the ""Vogelbeerbaum"" (""bird-berry tree"") or as ""Eberesche"". The latter is a compound of the name of the ash tree (""Esche"") with what is contemporarily the name of the boar (""Eber""), but in fact the continuation of a Gaulish name, ""eburo-"" (also the name for a dark reddish-brown colour, cognate with Greek ""orphnos"", Old Norse ""iarpr"" ""brown""); like ""sorbus"", ""eburo-"" seems to have referred to the colour of the berries;"
"modern niche as combined driving horses, a sport in which many, including the stallion Meinhold, compete internationally. The greatest concern for the Groningen is inbreeding. As in other warmblood registries, stallions must undergo a veterinary examination before they are allowed to breed. In consequence, the breed is sound, long-lived, and thrifty. Groningen horse The Groningen Horse is a Dutch horse breed developed for light draft and agricultural work. It is closely related to heavy warmblood breeds like the East Friesian and Alt-Oldenburger. The breed was nearly lost in the mid-20th century because a significant number of mares were used for"
"Brazil, a similar combination of Holstein and Gir cattle is called ""Girolanda"". For many decades, Girolanda has been widely used in Brazil, as a source of milk, with success. Australian Friesian Sahiwal The Australian Friesian Sahiwal, is an Australian breed of dairy cattle whose development commenced in the 1960s by the Queensland Government. It is a combination of the Sahiwal, a dairy breed of ""Bos indicus"" from Pakistan and Holstein (""Bos taurus"") breeds, designed for the tropical regions of Australia. Cows produce approximately 3,000 litres of milk per lactation under tropical pasture conditions with a high resistance to heat, humidity,"
"green ribbons. Fillies are named as the breeder desires, while colts are named patrilineally (e.g. Batavier by Bazalt). The Groningen is, above all ""a family horse"". Their calm nature and low-maintenance constitutions make them ideal horses for leisure. They are quick to mature, sound, long-lived and easy keepers, and do not need to be worked every day to be enjoyed. Several Groningen horses, including approved stallions, compete in dressage at the Dutch national Z-level (about USDF 4th level) or higher, and some compete in show jumping above 4 feet as well, though this is less common. They have found their"
"and the Trait du Nord share the same ancestry, and the Trait du Nord has a history that is very similar to the Ardennes, due to the influence of the latter breed on the former. The Ardennes, Belgian, Dutch Heavy Draft, Trait du Nord and Auxois are all considered to come from the same group of breeds, due to their heritage, physical characteristics and selection for draft work. Until relatively recently, the breeds were not differentiated, and were frequently crossbred. The region of Flanders is particularly conducive to agriculture, and in the 19th century the draining of the swamps and"
"Belgian, Clydesdale, Percheron, Shire, and Suffolk. The Draft Cross Breeders and Owners Association recognizes the following breeds as draft horses: Additional breeds may be classified as draft horses by other organizations. The terms harness horse and light harness horse refer to horses of a lighter build, such as traditional carriage horses and show horses, and are not terms generally used to denote ""heavy"" or draft horses. Harness horse breeds include heavy warmblood breeds such as the Oldenburg and Cleveland Bay, as well as lighter breeds such as the Hackney, and in some disciplines, such as combined driving, light riding breeds"
"has a lot more white on the body and face, followed with black or red eyes, nose and ears, but Witrick’s of all patterns can be found with much ""speckling or brockling"" on the face, body, and legs. The brockling may be in the form of round or elliptical spots or roaning or both. Of the variations found, the Witrick variety predominating over the Gloucester. The English Longhorn, Irish Moiled, Norwegian Telemark, Swedish Mountain, and Dutch Witrick have the Witrick as their characteristic marking, while the Gloucester pattern in which brockling does not occur is exemplified by the English Old"
"somewhat in shape;in colour it is usually pale dull reddish, sometimes darker reddish, sometimes grey or even blackish brown. — ab. ""algidata"" (Möschl.) Stgr. has the median band almost obsolete, being chiefly indicated by the principal lines which traverse it. It occurs in Iceland , but is said to be a common form, perhaps a local race, in Labrador.On the other hand Möschler says that his ""algidata"" cannot be confounded with any known species and the Zeller collection contained under this name a moth more like the Canadian ""fossaria"" Tayl. — ab. ""infuscata"" ab. nov. [Prout] Forewing much infuscated, dirty"
"Horse, was formed in 1982 and recognized by royal decree in 1985. Today there are 25 stallions and over 400 mares, most of which are black, brown, or dark bay. There are rather fewer light bays, even fewer chestnuts, and a handful of greys, sabinos, and tobianos. Groningen horses are known for their steady temperaments, longevity, and low-maintenance constitutions. The Gelderlander was originally bred in the Gelderland region of the Netherlands. Although geographically close to Groningen, the soil in Gelderland is much sandier and does not require a horse with the same power as the Groningen horse. While breeders in"
"Hamburg chicken The Hamburg, , , is a breed of chicken which is thought to have originated in Holland sometime prior to the fourteenth century. The name may be spelled Hamburgh in the United Kingdom and in Australia. The Hamburg is a small or medium-sized breed. Cocks weigh and hens about , with slender legs and a neat rose comb. Ring size is for cocks and for hens. Eleven different colour varieties are recognised in Germany and Holland, including silver-spangled, gold-spangled, gold-pencilled, citron-pencilled, silver-pencilled, white, black and citron-spangled; six of these are included in the American standard of perfection. Pencilled"
"Triangle. The Gulf house developed from the Old Frisian farmhouse. The Geestharden house named for the geography of part of the region it is found, the geest, in Northern Germany, Denmark, and northern Netherlands. The Geestharden, Gulf house (including its variant, the Haubarg) and the Low German hall house are the three basic, historic farmhouse types in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein. Other house types in southern Germany include: The Upper Lusatian house or Umgebinde is another barn-house type found in a region in part of Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic, a wider range than the historical region of"
"a separate name.- ""qriseaia"" indicates the more extreme examples of this English race, in which the greyish tone of the markings becomes more pronounced and there is even some admixture of fuscous; the ground-colour remains white, but the hindwing is greyish. - ""subfasciaria"" Boh. is a small yellowish-grey or brownish-grey form, in general weakly marked, and occurs in some of the Scandinavian mountains and in the Shetland Islands. - ab. ""thules"" Weir is merely an extremely darkened aberration of ""subfasciaria"", perhaps found only in the Shetlands. -""dissoluta"" Strand, from Arctic Norway, is paler than the type, perhaps on an average"
"which has been compared to a lighter and more tart version of Silvaner. Varietal Elbling wine is most commonly found in Luxembourg. Elbling is known under the following synonyms: Albana, Albe, Alben, Albig, Albuelin, Albuelis, Allemand, Allemand Blanc, Alsacien, Alva, Argentin, Biela Zrebnina, Bielovacka, Bielovcka, Blesec, Blesez, Bourgeois, Burgauer, Burgeger, Burgegger, Burger, Burger Elbling, Burgundertraube Gruen, Burgyre, Dickelbling, Elbai Feher, Elbe, Elbele, Elben, Elben Feher, Elber, Elbling Weiss, Elbinger, Elmene, Facum, Facun, Facun Blanc, Farantbily, Faucun, Frankenthal Blanc, Gemeine Traube, Geschlachter Burger, Gonais Blanc, Gouais Blanc, Grobburger, Grobe, Grobriesling, Gros Blanc, Grossriesler, Grossriesling, Hartalbe, Haussard, Herblink, Heunisch Gruen, Isodora Brachybus,"
"Bastelb. is deeper red, the median area of forewing and basal half of hindwing more orange-, the rest more purple-tinged, lines thick, antemedian rather curved, postmedian less broad anteriorly than in the type. Rather small and round-winged. Rheingau - ab. ""unicolor"" Hirschke has both wings uniform brown, dark-dusted, without lines or band. - ""gadmensis"" Ratzer is a rather small, brighter (yellower) brown form from Switzerland (Gadmenthal), with the median area almost or quite concolorous, the lines remaining.- ""violacearia"" Graeser (15 h), from Amurland, is a very small form, coloured nearly like ""marginepurpuraria"", which must perhaps sink to it, but the"
"the Alpine region, in Austria, in Germany, in Italy and in Spain, as well as the Brown Swiss in the United States. The Montafon breed from the southern Vorarlberg is of medium weight, muscular, usually brown with a pale dorsal stripe. Cows weigh 500–600 kg, and bulls 750–1000 kg. It was widespread in 19th century, but became increasingly similar to the Braunvieh through cross-breeding with the Brown Swiss. The Bruna Alpina or Bruna Italiana is distributed throughout Italy. Braunvieh were imported from central Switzerland from the sixteenth century, and diffused from the Alpine valleys into the flat country of Lombardy"
"in the budgerigar literature. In 1935 T S Bowman of Carlisle bred a Skyblue Slate and a Cobalt Slate, both hens, from a Cobalt cock and a Skyblue hen. As the Slate mutation is a sex-linked recessive, presumably the cock was split for Slate. In a series of articles published in the Budgerigar Bulletin, Mr Bowman described the establishment of the Slate mutation. After breeding a few Slates of the blue series, he deliberately paired a Cobalt split Slate cock to a Light Yellow hen to produce Slates of the green series, and in 1937 he succeeded in breeding both"
"Switzerland (""Holsteinische Schweiz""). On the Bungsberg is the only ski lift in the state (not permanently installed). The Schleswig-Holstein Upland comprises the following sub-regions: Schleswig-Holstein Uplands The Schleswig-Holstein Uplands or Schleswig-Holstein Morainic Uplands (German: ""Schleswig-Holsteinisches Hügelland"") is one of the three landscapes of the German state of Schleswig-Holstein; the others being the marsch (on the North Sea coast) and the geest (in the interior). In addition, the gently rolling hills or ""Hügelland"" of the Baltic Uplands, the many small lakes and the long, deep embayments (""Förde"") formed by the moraines of the Weichselian Ice Age are characteristic features of the"
"main dark-skinned ""noir"" variety. These include a white wine grape variety, Tibouren blanc, and a non-hermaphroditic female grape vine known as Tibouren gris. A separate white French wine grape variety, known as Bicane (best known for being a parent of Gutenborner), has ""Tibouren gris"" as a synonym but there is currently no known connection between this grape and Tibouren noir. Tibouren Tibouren or Rossese di Dolceacqua is a red French wine grape variety that is primarily grown in Provence and Liguria but originated in Greece and possibly even the Middle East. Intensely aromatic, with an earthy bouquet that wine expert"