"in 1893, in his seminal dissertation on the painting. The group at the right of the painting was inspired by a description by the Roman poet Ovid of the arrival of Spring (""Fasti"", Book 5, May 2). In this the wood nymph Chloris recounts how her naked charms attracted the first wind of Spring, Zephyr. Zephyr pursued her and as she was ravished, flowers sprang from her mouth and she became transformed into Flora, goddess of flowers. In Ovid's work the reader is told 'till then the earth had been but of one colour'. From Chloris' name the colour may"
"among several fertility goddesses, her association with the spring gave her particular importance at the coming of springtime. Her festival, the Floralia, was held between April 28 and May 3 and symbolized the renewal of the cycle of life, drinking, and flowers. Fiorina Fiorina is a surname (in Italian it is also a given name), and may refer to: This name comes from the Latin root ""Flōs"", meaning “flower, blossom, (figuratively) innocence, virginity”. This name is linked to ""Flōrĕo / Flōrens"" (bloom, be in flower (figuratively) flourish, shine, prosper, be overjoyed). The term “flora”, was used since the 13th century,"
"(""Abundance, Resources""), and Carna, the goddess of the Bean Kalends on June 1. Roses were distributed to the Arval Brothers, an archaic priesthood of Rome, after their banquets for the May festival of Dea Dia. Although the month opened with the revelry of Flora, in mid-May the Romans observed the three-day Lemuria for propitiating the wandering dead. The season of roses thus coincided with traditional Roman festivals pertaining to blooming and dying. The demand for flowers and perfumes for festal and funerary purposes made floriculture an important economic activity, especially for the rich estates of Roman Africa. One Roman tomb"
"known as ""Venus"". Venus' signs were for the most part the same as Aphrodite's. They include roses, which were offered in Venus' Porta Collina rites, and above all, myrtle (Latin ""murtos""), which was cultivated for its white, sweetly scented flowers, aromatic, evergreen leaves and its various medical-magical properties. Venus' statues, and her worshipers, wore myrtle crowns at her festivals. Before its adoption into Venus' cults, myrtle was used in the purification rites of Cloacina, the Etruscan-Roman goddess of Rome's main sewer; later, Cloacina's association with Venus' sacred plant made her Venus Cloacina. Likewise, Roman folk-etymology transformed the ancient, obscure goddess"
"accommodate the blooming season. For month allegories in mosaics, May is often represented with floral wreaths, the fillets or ribbons worn for sacrifice, and wine amphorae. May (Latin ""Maius"") began in the middle of the ""Ludi Florae"", a series of games in honor of the goddess Flora that opened April 28 of the Julian calendar and concluded May 3. Flora was a goddess of flowers and blooming, and her festivities were enjoyed with a notable degree of sexual liberty. In the 2nd century AD, Philostratus connects rose garlands with Flora's festival. A Greek epigram from the ""Palatine Anthology"" has May"
"petioles. Except for 'filiformis', all of these can be stages in leaf production of any plant depending on season (decumbent in summer versus short versus semi-erect in spring), length of photoperiod (long petioles in spring versus short in summer), and intensity of light (wide petioles in low light intensity versus narrow in brighter light). The plant's common name refers to Venus, the Roman goddess of love. The genus name, ""Dionaea"" (""daughter of Dione""), refers to the Greek goddess Aphrodite, while the species name, ""muscipula"", is Latin for ""mousetrap"". Historically, the plant was also known by the slang term ""tipitiwitchet"" or"
"tradition, such as Ovid and Lucretius. A girdle of flowers recalls that of the Spring goddesses Venus and Flora; ears of corn and poppies refer to the goddess of fertility and summer, Ceres. The cherub of autumn recalls a satyr and holds a basket of grapes - symbolising the wine and autumn god Bacchus. The winter and spring cherubs face each other, as do the cherubs of autumn and summer. The altar was probably intended less for cultic purposes than as an evocative garden decoration. Also, in the early imperial period, Imperial princes were depicted as cherubs, so there is"
"of Hell and Satan (or, more specifically, a traditional stage Mephistopheles). """"There once was a time in the long, long, ago, when there was joy and laughter everywhere, when the flowers that grew, blossomed all the year through, and the world was eternally fair. For there lived a maiden, so gentle was she, that all the world loved her tenderly, and life was then so pleasant, that joy was ever present, and the world grew more lovely each day. The flowers danced around her, they formed a wreath and crowned her, the Goddess of Eternal Spring, the Goddess of Eternal"
"Barbara Lazaroff compare the cookbook's author to Alphito: Maida Heatter is the fairy godmother of anything sweet, spicy, crunchy, chewy, or fluffy you could possibly imagine baking. In Greek mythology, Maida, with her elegant halo of silver hair, would have been known as the goddess Alphito, the symbol of flour and lady guardian of the mill. Alphito Alphito () is a supernatural being first recorded in the ""Moralia"" of Plutarch, where ""apotropaic nursery tales"" about her are told by nursemaids to frighten little children into behaving. Her name is related to ""alphita"", ""white flour"" (compare Latin ""albus""), and ""alphitomanteia"", a"
"Life-giving Spring The Mother of God of the Life-giving Spring or Life-giving Font (Greek: ""Ζωοδόχος Πηγή,"" ""Zoodochos Pigi"", Russian: ""Живоносный Источник"") is an epithet of the Holy Theotokos that originated with her revelation of a sacred spring (, ""hagiasma"") in Valoukli, Constantinople, to a soldier named Leo Marcellus, who later became Byzantine Emperor Leo I (457-474). Leo built the historic Church of St. Mary of the Spring over this site, which witnessed numerous miraculous healings over the centuries, through her intercessions, becoming one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Greek Orthodoxy. Thus the term """"Life-giving Font"""" became an epithet"
"Fiorina Fiorina is a surname (in Italian it is also a given name), and may refer to: This name comes from the Latin root ""Flōs"", meaning “flower, blossom, (figuratively) innocence, virginity”. This name is linked to ""Flōrĕo / Flōrens"" (bloom, be in flower (figuratively) flourish, shine, prosper, be overjoyed). The term “flora”, was used since the 13th century, in the sense of ""virginity”. Flōra in Roman mythology was the goddess of flowers, gardens and spring and the guardian of the flora, an equivalent of the Greek Chlori. While she was otherwise a relatively minor figure in Roman mythology, being one"
"Christian sources such as the Czech 9th century Mater Verborum compare her to the Greek goddess Hecate, associating her with sorcery. 15th century Polish chronicler Jan Długosz likened her in his ""Annales"" to Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture (together with another Slavic goddess Dziewanna). In modern times the rituals associated with Marzanna have lost their sacred character and are a pastime – an occasion to have fun and celebrate the beginning of spring. The tradition is usually celebrated around the spring equinox (March 21). Usually schoolchildren and young people participate in the celebrations alongside local folklore groups and other"
"uncertain. The traditional etymology is from the verb ""aperire"", ""to open"", in allusion to its being the season when trees and flowers begin to ""open"", which is supported by comparison with the modern Greek use of άνοιξη (""ánixi"") (opening) for spring. Since some of the Roman months were named in honor of divinities, and as April was sacred to the goddess Venus, her Veneralia being held on the first day, it has been suggested that Aprilis was originally her month Aphrilis, from her equivalent Greek goddess name Aphrodite (""Aphros""), or from the Etruscan name ""Apru"". Jacob Grimm suggests the name"
"A goddess of flowers, vegetation, and fertility, she received sacrifices ""(piacula)"" in the sacred grove of the Arval Brothers, an archaic priesthood. Her altar at Rome was said to have been established by the Sabine king Titus Tatius during the semi-legendary Regal period. ""Flusalis"" (linguistically equivalent to ""Floralia"") was a month on the Sabine calendar, and Varro counted Flora among the Sabine deities. The Temple of Flora was built in Rome upon consultation with the Sibylline Books shortly after a drought that occurred around 241–238 BCE. The temple was located near the Circus Maximus on the lower slope of the"
"Furrina Furrina, also spelled Furina, was an ancient Roman goddess whose function had become obscure by the 1st century BC. Her cult dated to the earliest period of Roman religious history, since she was one of the fifteen deities who had their own flamen, the ""Furrinalis"", one of the ""flamines minores"". There is some evidence that Furrina was associated with water. According to Varro and Georges Dumézil Furrina was a goddess of springs. Her name would be related to the Indoeuropean root *bhr-u-n, Sanskrite"" bhurvan"", indicating the moving or bubbling of water, cognate to Gothic ""brunna"" (""spring""), Latin ""fervēre"", from"
"""Aphrodite"", and the common Roman derivation from ""aperio"" may be the correct one. In the latter years of Nero's reign, the Senate briefly renamed April ""Neronius"" in his honor. The farmers' almanacs ""(menologia rustica)"" concur that Venus—in Roman religion a goddess of gardens— was the tutelary deity of April, and that sheep were to be purified ""(oves lustrantur)"". In his agricultural treatise, Varro enumerates duties such as weeding crops, breaking ground, cutting willows, fencing meadows, and planting and pruning olives. The second half of April brought a series of festivals pertaining to farm life: Of these, the Fordicidia and Robigalia"
"her sisters. Euphrosyne is a Goddess of Joy or Mirth, and the incarnation of grace and beauty. The other two Charites are Thalia (Good Cheer) and Aglaea (Beauty or Splendor). Her half-brother is Hephaistos, or Hephaestus, the god of metalworking and volcanoes. Her name is the female version of a Greek word euphrosynos, which means ""merriment"". In Roman myths the Graces where known as the ""Gratiae"". She can be seen along with the other two Graces at the left of the painting in Botticelli's ""Primavera"". The sculptor Antonio Canova made a well-known piece in white marble representing the three Graces,"
"Fornacalia The Fornacalia was an Ancient Roman religious festival celebrated in honour of the goddess ""Fornax"", a divine personification of the oven (""fornax""), and was related to the proper baking of bread. Ovid wrote that ""the oven was made a goddess, Fornax: the farmers, pleased with her, prayed she’d regulate the grain’s heat."" It was held in early February on various dates in different ""curiae"", which in the period of the Roman monarchy and the Roman Republic were the thirty wards of the city of Rome. It was proclaimed every year by the ""curio maximus"", who was a priest who"
"of her as a singer that appeared in the Eclogue. The nymph Amaryllis and her story inspired the name of the (Christmas) flower Amaryllis that is known today. In English, the flower is also called belladonna or Jersey Lily. There are several nicknames deriving from name Amaryllis, including Roula, Lia, Amara and Litsa, but in general Amaryllis does not have many diminutives and nicknames. Amaryllis (given name) Amaryllis (Αμαρυλλίς) is a female ancient Greek name and means ""sparkling"". According to mythology, the name of the flower Amaryllis derived from the nymph Amaryllis. Amaryllis is not a very popular name in"
"resembles a combination of jasmine and hyacinth. The earliest mention of poet's daffodil is likely in the botanical writings of Theophrastus (371 – c. 287 BCE), who wrote about a spring-blooming narcissus that the Loeb Classical Library editors identify as ""Narcissus poeticus"". The poet Virgil, in his fifth ""Eclogue"", also wrote about a narcissus whose description corresponds with that of ""Narcissus poeticus"". In one version of the myth about the Greek hero Narcissus, he was punished by the Goddess of vengeance, Nemesis, who turned him into a Narcissus flower that historians associate with ""Narcissus poeticus"". The fragrant ""Narcissus poeticus"" has"
"Greek Goddess Maia, who was identified with the Roman era goddess of fertility, Bona Dea, whose festival was held in May. Conversely, the Roman poet Ovid provides a second etymology, in which he says that the month of May is named for the ""maiores,"" Latin for ""elders,"" and that the following month (June) is named for the ""iuniores,"" or ""young people"" (""Fasti VI.88""). Mayovka, in the context of the late Russian Empire, was a picnic in the countryside or in a park in the early days of May, hence the name. Eventually, ""mayovka"" (specifically, ""proletarian mayovka"") came to mean an"
"as the Bellonaria plant (solanum). Which is a corruption on the name Belladonna, a deadly nightshade, was used by priests at this festival, Dies Sanguinis. When a priest ate its seeds, they would start to hallucinate. Those hallucinations were used by them to make prophetic and oracular statements in the name of their goddess. These festivities celebrated the death of the god. Among these, there were the ""Sanguem"" and the ""Hilaria"". The Hilaria on 25 March brought renewed joy and hope. There was feasting in honor of the Great Mother, Cybele, and good cheer. The spring festival came to a"
"the several figures on the Augustan Ara Pacis, one doubles as a portrait of the Empress Livia, who wears Ceres' ""corona spicea"". Another has been variously identified in modern scholarship as Tellus, Venus, Pax or Ceres, or in Spaeth's analysis, a deliberately broad composite of them all. The emperor Claudius' reformed the grain supply and created its embodiment as an Imperial goddess, Annona, a junior partner to Ceres and the Imperial family. The traditional, Cerean virtues of provision and nourishment were symbolically extended to Imperial family members; some coinage shows Claudius' mother Antonia as an Augusta, wearing the ""corona spicea""."
"digs, besides the Roman spring complex, a votive altar was unearthed. This had been endowed by a Roman officer’s daughter, Julia Frontina, as thanks to the Celtic goddess Sirona and god Grannus (corresponding to the Roman god Apollo) for being healed. Furthermore, a stone basin was also found with coins that had become sheathed in plaster over the ages. These, however, showed no sign of wear and had apparently been cast into the spring by healed guests. The mintages came from various emperors’ reigns: Domitian (86), Nerva (98), Trajan (100 and 112), Hadrian (118 and 119), Antoninus Pius (145), Gordian"
"or dress to cover Venus when she reaches the shore, as she is about to do. She is one of the three Horae or Hours, Greek minor goddesses of the seasons and of other divisions of time, and attendants of Venus. The floral decoration of her dress suggests she is the Hora of Spring. Alternative identifications for the two secondary female figures involve those also found in the ""Primavera""; the nymph held by Zephyr may be Chloris, a flower nymph he married in some versions of her story, and the figure on land may be Flora. Flora is generally the"
"was the goddess of married women, in Norse mythology. She helped women give birth to children, and as Scandinavians used the plant lady's bedstraw (""Galium verum"") as a sedative, they called it ""Frigg's grass"". In Romanian folklore, it is called ""sânziana"" and it is linked to the Sânziene fairies and their festival on June 24. In Gaelic mythology, the hero Cú Chulainn, who suffered fits of rage during battle, would take a tea of this plant to calm his frenzy. The plant is known as ""lus chneas Chù-Chulainn"" 'the herb of Cú Chulainn's skin' in Scottish Gaelic, and in the"
"figure prominently in art and literature, often as a symbol of spring, purity and religion in poetry (see Symbols), such as Walter de la Mare's poem ""The Snowdrop"" (1929). In this poem, he likened the triple tepals in each whorl (""A triplet of green-pencilled snow"") to the Holy Trinity. He used snowdrop imagery several times in his poetry, such as ""Blow, Northern Wind"" (1950) - see Box. Early names refer to the association with the religious feast of Candlemas (February 2) the optimum flowering time in which white-robed young women proceeded in the procession associated with the Purification, an alternative"
"and prescribes a sacrifice to Silvanus on five occasions in the year, among them the Rosalia. Although Silvanus is typically regarded as a deity of the woods and the wild, Vergil describes him as bearing flowering fennel and lilies. In other inscriptions, three donors to Silvanus had adopted the cultic name ""Anthus"" (Greek ""anthos"", ""flower"") and a fourth, of less certain reading, may have the Latin name ""Florus"", the masculine form of Flora. Since trees are the form of plant life most often emblematic of Silvanus, his connection with flowers is obscure. His female counterparts the Silvanae, primarily found in"
"the females on the right, who are two stages of the same person in the usual interpretation. The woman in the flowered dress may be called Primavera (a personification of Spring), with Flora the figure pursued by Zephyrus. One scholar suggested in 2011 that the central figure is not Venus at all, but Persephone. In addition to its overt meaning, the painting has been interpreted as an illustration of the ideal of Neoplatonic love popularized among the Medicis and their followers by Marsilio Ficino. Under Ficino’s teachings, the Platonic god of Love and Jesus, the Christian God of Love, were"
"spring as well as the fertility of vegetation. Similar myths appear in the Orient, in the cults of male gods like Attis, Adonis, and Osiris, and in Minoan Crete. Persephone as a vegetation goddess and her mother Demeter were the central figures of the Eleusinian Mysteries, which promised the initiated a more enjoyable prospect after death. In some versions, Persephone is the mother of Zeus' sons Dionysus, Iacchus, or Zagreus. The origins of her cult are uncertain, but it was based on very old agrarian cults of agricultural communities. Persephone was commonly worshipped along with Demeter and with the same"
"Rome. Her festival, the ""Floralia"", was held between April 28 and May 3 and symbolized the renewal of the cycle of life, drinking, and flowers. Her Greek equivalent is Chloris, a nymph. The nymphs are generally regarded as divine spirits who animate nature, and are usually depicted as beautiful, young nubile maidens who love to dance and sing. They are believed to dwell in mountains and groves, by springs and rivers, and also in trees and in valleys and cool grottoes. Although they would never die of old age or illness and could give birth to fully immortal children if"
"with the Greek goddess Athena. Her epithet ""hriuwama"", meaning ""the Empowerer"" suggests that she was a goddess of vegetation. The lexicographer Hesychius also equates Malis (Μαλίς) with Athena, Theocritus mentions a nymph of the same name, and on the island of Lesbos, Malis (Μᾶλις) was a spinning goddess like Athena. According to Hellanicus, Malis (Μαλίς) was a slave of the Lydian queen Omphale who had a child, Akeles, with Heracles. Finally, Sophocles refers to the Maliadian nymphes (Μαλιάδες). Maliya Maliya is the Hittite goddess of gardens, often associated with the horse-god Pirwa and the goddess Kamrušepa. All three gods are"
"year 1776. Adonis : according to"" Stearn's Dictionary of Plant Names,"" the genus names derives from the Adonis, a Greek deity: ""The flower is supposed to have sprung from the blood of Adonis who was gored to death by a wild boar. He was beloved of Aphrodite and by some accounts was unsuccessfully wooed by her. Adonis was regarded by the Greeks as the god of plants. It was believed that he disappeared into the earth in autumn and winter only to reappear in spring and summer. To celebrate his return, the Greeks adopted the Semitic custom of making Adonis"