"The Logic of Scientific Discovery The Logic of Scientific Discovery is a 1959 book about the philosophy of science by Karl Popper. Popper rewrote his book in English from the 1934 German original, titled ""Logik der Forschung. Zur Erkenntnistheorie der modernen Naturwissenschaft"", which literally translates as, ""Logic of Research: On the Epistemology of Modern Natural Science""'. Popper argues that science should adopt a methodology based on falsifiability, because no number of experiments can ever prove a theory, but a reproducible experiment or observation can refute one. According to Popper: ""non-reproducible single occurrences are of no significance to science. Thus a"
"example, just sent his manuscripts to Planck who then subsequently published them. Some of the most famous papers published in ""Annalen der Physik"" were: The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 3.443, ranking it 11th out of 79 journals in the category 'Physics Multidisciplinary'. Annalen der Physik Annalen der Physik (English: ""Annals of Physics"") is one of the oldest scientific journals on physics and has been published since 1799. The journal publishes original, peer-reviewed papers in the areas of experimental, theoretical, applied, and mathematical physics and"
"design of improving natural knowledge, and perfecting all Philosophical Arts, and Sciences."" The term ""academic journal"" applies to scholarly publications in all fields; this article discusses the aspects common to all academic field journals. Scientific journals and journals of the quantitative social sciences vary in form and function from journals of the humanities and qualitative social sciences; their specific aspects are separately discussed. The first academic journal was ""Journal des sçavans"" (January 1665), followed soon after by ""Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society"" (March 1665), and ""Mémoires de l'Académie des Sciences"" (1666). The first fully peer-reviewed journal was ""Medical Essays"
"The Lancet The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal. It is among the world's oldest, most prestigious, and best known general medical journals. The journal was founded in 1823 by Thomas Wakley, an English surgeon who named it after the surgical instrument called a lancet, as well as after the architectural term ""lancet arch"", a window with a sharp pointed arch, to indicate the ""light of wisdom"" or ""to let in light"". The journal publishes original research articles, review articles (""seminars"" and ""reviews""), editorials, book reviews, correspondence, as well as news features and case reports. ""The Lancet"" has"
"Science (journal) Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals. It was first published in 1880, is currently circulated weekly and has a print subscriber base of around 130,000. Because institutional subscriptions and online access serve a larger audience, its estimated readership is 570,400 people. The major focus of the journal is publishing important original scientific research and research reviews, but ""Science"" also publishes science-related news, opinions on science policy and other matters of interest to scientists"
"process now widespread in scientific journals. Its founding editor was Henry Oldenburg, the society's first secretary. Through Royal Society Publishing, the society publishes the following journals: ""Philosophical Transactions"" is the oldest and longest-running scientific journal in the world, having first been published in March 1665 by the first secretary of the society, Henry Oldenburg. It now publishes themed issues on specific topics and, since 1886, has been divided into two parts; A, which deals with mathematics and the physical sciences, and B, which deals with the biological sciences. ""Proceedings of the Royal Society"" consists of freely submitted research articles and"
"Creative Commons license. Rockefeller University Press The Rockefeller University Press (RUP) is a department of The Rockefeller University. Rockefeller University Press publishes three scientific journals: ""Journal of Experimental Medicine"", founded in 1896, ""Journal of General Physiology"", founded in 1918, and ""Journal of Cell Biology"", founded in 1955 under the title ""The Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology"". All editorial decisions on manuscripts submitted to the three journals are made by active scientists in conjunction with in-house scientific editors, and all peer-review operations and pre-press production functions are carried out at the Rockefeller University Press offices. In 2018, Rockefeller University Press"
"alone from 1870, and sold it in 1878, when the title was changed to ""Journal of Science"", a monthly appearing to 1885. Quarterly Journal of Science Quarterly Journal of Science was the title of two British scientific periodicals of the 19th century. The first was established in 1816 by William Thomas Brande, as the Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts. He edited it with John Millington and then Michael Faraday. To a large extent a vehicle for authors associated with the Royal Institution, it was taken over by the Institution in 1830, and then appeared as the ""Journal"
"chapters from different authors. Many journals have a regional focus, specializing in publishing papers from a particular geographic region, like ""African Invertebrates"". The history of scientific journals dates from 1665, when the French ""Journal des sçavans"" and the English ""Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society"" first began systematically publishing research results. Over a thousand, mostly ephemeral, were founded in the 18th century, and the number has increased rapidly after that. Prior to mid-20th century, peer review was not always necessary, but gradually it became essentially compulsory. The authors of scientific articles are active researchers instead of journalists; typically, a graduate"
"journals communicate and document the results of research carried out in universities and various other research institutions, serving as an archival record of science. The first scientific journals, ""Journal des Sçavans"" followed by the ""Philosophical Transactions"", began publication in 1665. Since that time the total number of active periodicals has steadily increased. In 1981, one estimate for the number of scientific and technical journals in publication was 11,500. The United States National Library of Medicine currently indexes 5,516 journals that contain articles on topics related to the life sciences. Although the journals are in 39 languages, 91 percent of the"
"first academic journal devoted to science, and the foundation for the growth of scientific publishing. By 1699 there were 30 scientific journals; by 1790 there were 1052. Since then publishing has expanded at even greater rates. The first popular science periodical of its kind was published in 1872, under a suggestive name that is still a modern portal for the offering science journalism: Popular Science. The magazine claims to have documented the invention of the telephone, the phonograph, the electric light and the onset of automobile technology. The magazine goes so far as to claim that the ""history of Popular"
"working in the field of botany. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society is a scientific journal publishing original papers relating to the taxonomy of all plant groups and fungi, including anatomy, biosystematics, cytology, ecology, ethnobotany, electron microscopy, morphogenesis, palaeobotany, palynology and phytochemistry. The journal is published by the Linnean Society of London and is available in both print and searchable online formats. Like the ""Biological Journal of the Linnean Society"" (published since 1858), the journal evolved from the Society's original journal ""Transactions"", which covered early papers by Darwin and Wallace, becoming an essential,"
"Philosophy of Science (journal) Philosophy of Science is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Philosophy of Science Association. The journal contains essays, discussion articles, and book reviews in the field of the philosophy of science. The first issue of ""Philosophy of Science"" appeared in January 1934, in which editor William Malisoff sought papers ranging from studies on ""the analysis of meaning, definition, symbolism,"" in scientific theories to those on ""the nature and formulation of theoretical principles"" and ""in the function and significance of science within various contexts."" Past Editors have included"
"concerns in the field. The journal is abstracted and indexed in: World Archaeology World Archaeology is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering all aspects of archaeology. It was established in 1969 and originally published triannually by Routledge & Kegan Paul. In 2004 it changed to a quarterly publication schedule while remaining under the Routledge imprint. Each of the year's first three issues within a volume are dedicated to specific individual themes and topics within archaeology, and contributions address the topic from a variety of perspectives. The fourth and last issue of the year has been given over to coverage of current"
"Annals of Botany Annals of Botany is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal, founded in 1887, that publishes research articles, brief communications, and reviews in all areas of botany. The journal is supported and managed by Annals of Botany Company, a non-profit educational charity, and published through Oxford University Press. According to the 2011 ""Journal Citation Reports"" it has an impact factor of 4.041, in 2016 ranking 22nd out of 211 in the category Plant Sciences. There was an earlier periodical ""Annals of Botany"" edited by Carl Dietrich Eberhard König (Charles Konig) and John Sims which started in 1804 and published"
"Rockefeller University Press The Rockefeller University Press (RUP) is a department of The Rockefeller University. Rockefeller University Press publishes three scientific journals: ""Journal of Experimental Medicine"", founded in 1896, ""Journal of General Physiology"", founded in 1918, and ""Journal of Cell Biology"", founded in 1955 under the title ""The Journal of Biophysical and Biochemical Cytology"". All editorial decisions on manuscripts submitted to the three journals are made by active scientists in conjunction with in-house scientific editors, and all peer-review operations and pre-press production functions are carried out at the Rockefeller University Press offices. In 2018, Rockefeller University Press partnered with EMBO"
"the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 4.039, ranking it 6th out of 55 journals in the category ""Multidisciplinary sciences"". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences The Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences is an academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the New York Academy of Sciences. It is one of the oldest science journals still being published, having been founded in 1823. The editor-in-chief is Douglas Braaten. Each issue is of substantial length and explores a single topic with a multidisciplinary approach. A review published on ""Ulrichsweb"" states"
"Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society is a scientific journal publishing original papers relating to the taxonomy of all plant groups and fungi, including anatomy, biosystematics, cytology, ecology, ethnobotany, electron microscopy, morphogenesis, palaeobotany, palynology and phytochemistry. The journal is published by the Linnean Society of London and is available in both print and searchable online formats. Like the ""Biological Journal of the Linnean Society"" (published since 1858), the journal evolved from the Society's original journal ""Transactions"", which covered early papers by Darwin and Wallace, becoming an essential, contemporary publication for all those currently"
"Oecologia Oecologia is an international peer-reviewed English-language journal published by Springer since 1968 (some articles were published in German or French until 1976). The journal publishes original research in a range of topics related to plant and animal ecology. Oecologia has an international focus and presents original papers, methods, reviews and special topics. Papers focus on population ecology, plant-animal interactions, ecosystem ecology, community ecology, global change ecology, conservation ecology, behavioral ecology and physiological ecology. Oecologia had an impact factor of 3.011 (2012) and is ranked 37 out of 136 in the subject category ""ecology"". As of June 2014, the journal"
"Scientific American Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm or sometimes SA) is an American popular science magazine. Many famous scientists, including Albert Einstein, have contributed articles to it. It is the oldest continuously published monthly magazine in the United States (though it only became monthly in 1921). ""Scientific American"" was founded by inventor and publisher Rufus M. Porter in 1845 as a four-page weekly newspaper. Throughout its early years, much emphasis was placed on reports of what was going on at the U.S. Patent Office. It also reported on a broad range of inventions including perpetual motion machines, an 1860 device"
"has six editors in chief: Oecologia Oecologia is an international peer-reviewed English-language journal published by Springer since 1968 (some articles were published in German or French until 1976). The journal publishes original research in a range of topics related to plant and animal ecology. Oecologia has an international focus and presents original papers, methods, reviews and special topics. Papers focus on population ecology, plant-animal interactions, ecosystem ecology, community ecology, global change ecology, conservation ecology, behavioral ecology and physiological ecology. Oecologia had an impact factor of 3.011 (2012) and is ranked 37 out of 136 in the subject category ""ecology"". As"
"printed format up until January 2018, before going fully online. ""Research Journal"" was the first journal from the UNED that reached international audiences UNED ""Research Journal"" publishes articles across all fields of science. Most articles cover education and natural sciences, which correspond with UNED's two largest schools. Other scientific fields are accepted, as long as the research is of general interest to the academic audience. Publication formats include feature articles, short reports, literature reviews, notes, cases, opinion letters and hypothesis presentation. Qualis (CAPES) System categorizes this journal in the fields of Biodiversity (B5) and Biological Science (C). The journal publishes"
"General medical journal A general medical journal is an academic journal dedicated to medicine in general, rather than a specific field of medicine. The first English-language general medical journal was ""Medicina Curiosa"", which was established in 1684 and ceased publication after only two issues. Among the oldest general medical journals that are still published today are ""the Lancet"", which was established in 1823, and the ""New England Journal of Medicine"", which was established in 1812. In 1999, Medscape launched ""Medscape General Medicine"", the world's first online-only general medical journal. Journals that are considered general medical journals include ""the Lancet"", ""the"
"The Journal of Philosophy The Journal of Philosophy is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal on philosophy, founded in 1904 at Columbia University. Its stated purpose is ""To publish philosophical articles of current interest and encourage the interchange of ideas, especially the exploration of the borderline between philosophy and other disciplines."" Subscriptions and online access are managed by the Philosophy Documentation Center. The Journal was ranked the second highest-quality philosophy journal in a poll conducted on the popular philosophy blog Leiter Reports, and is widely regarded as one of the most prestigious journals in the field. The journal also publishes the"
"current name in 1869, with volume numbering restarting at 1. The journals is abstracted and indexed in: According to the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.693. Journal of Microscopy The Journal of Microscopy is the monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Royal Microscopical Society which covers all aspects of microscopy including spatially resolved spectroscopy, compositional mapping, and image analysis. This includes technology and applications in physics, chemistry, material science, and the life sciences. It is published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society. The editor-in-chief is Pete Nellist, a Materials Science professor at Oxford"
"Annalen der Physik Annalen der Physik (English: ""Annals of Physics"") is one of the oldest scientific journals on physics and has been published since 1799. The journal publishes original, peer-reviewed papers in the areas of experimental, theoretical, applied, and mathematical physics and related areas. The current editor-in-chief is Stefan Hildebrandt. Prior to 2008, its ISO 4 abbreviation was ""Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)"", and after 2008 ""Ann. Phys. (Berl.)"". The journal is the successor to ""Journal der Physik"" published from 1790 until 1794, and ""Neues Journal der Physik"" published from 1795 until 1797. The journal has been published under a variety of"
"Quarterly Journal of Economics The Quarterly Journal of Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Oxford University Press. Its current editors-in-chief are Pol Antràs, Robert J. Barro, Lawrence F. Katz, and Andrei Shleifer (Harvard University). It is the oldest professional journal of economics in the English language, and covers all aspects of the field—from the journal's traditional emphasis on microtheory, to both empirical and theoretical macroeconomics. According to the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 6.662, ranking it first out of 347 journals in the category ""Economics"". Some of the most influential and"
"scientific reviews and began to focus on the history of science. It is now commonly listed among journals in history, STS, and HPS. The journal is abstracted and indexed by: According to the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 0.500. Endeavour (journal) Endeavour is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by Elsevier. It began as a scientific review publication published by Imperial Chemical Industries in 1942, and since has evolved into a scholarly journal covering the fields of history and philosophy of science, technology, and medicine. Its editors are Richard Bellon of Michigan State University"
"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) is the official scientific journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915. With broad coverage, spanning the biological, physical, and social sciences, the journal publishes original research alongside scientific reviews, commentaries, and letters. From 1999–2009, the last period for which data are available, ""PNAS"" was the second most cited journal across all fields of science. ""PNAS"" is published weekly in print, and daily online in ""PNAS Early Edition"". ""PNAS"" was established"
"Popular Science Popular Science (also known as PopSci) is an American quarterly magazine carrying popular science content, which refers to articles for the general reader on science and technology subjects. ""Popular Science"" has won over 58 awards, including the American Society of Magazine Editors awards for its journalistic excellence in both 2003 (for General Excellence) and 2004 (for Best Magazine Section). With roots beginning in 1872, ""Popular Science"" has been translated into over 30 languages and is distributed to at least 45 countries. """", as the publication was originally called, was founded in May 1872 by Edward L. Youmans to"
"Journal des sçavans The Journal des sçavans (later renamed Journal des savans and then Journal des savants), established by Denis de Sallo, was the earliest academic journal published in Europe. Its content included obituaries of famous men, church history, and legal reports. The first issue appeared as a twelve-page quarto pamphlet on Monday, 5 January 1665. This was shortly before the first appearance of the ""Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,"" on 6 March 1665. The 18th-century French physician and encyclopédiste Louis-Anne La Virotte (1725–1759) was introduced to the journal through the protection of chancellor Henri François d'Aguesseau. The journal"
"factor of 1.356. Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie (English: ""Journal of Physical Chemistry"") is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering physical chemistry that is published by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. Its English subtitle is ""International Journal of Research in Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics"". It was established in 1887 by Wilhelm Ostwald, Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, and Svante August Arrhenius as the first scientific journal for publications specifically in the field of physical chemistry. The editor-in-chief is Karl-Michael Weitzel (University of Marburg). The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the ""Journal Citation Reports"", the journal has"
"The Scientific World Journal The Scientific World Journal (formerly, ""The ScientificWorldJournal"") is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering fields in the life sciences ranging from biomedicine to environmental sciences. It was established in 2001 and is published by Hindawi Publishing Corporation. The journal was delisted in the 2015 ""Journal Citation Reports"" (thus not receiving an impact factor) because of ""anomalous citation patterns"". The journal was established in 2001 and is published online and in print. From 2001 to 2011, the managing editor was Graham Lees. In 2011, the journal was acquired by Hindawi Publishing Corporation and converted to open access and"