"distorted in strange ways or their reflection may frighten them. Some people may also fear being pulled into the mirror by some preternatural force. Spectrophobia Spectrophobia (from Latin: ""spectrum"", n. specio, an appearance, form, image of a thing; an apparition, spectre) or catoptrophobia (from Greek κάτοπτρον ""kátoptron"", ""mirror"") is a kind of specific phobia involving a morbid fear of mirrors, sometimes related to the fear of ghosts or the undead. This phobia is distinct from eisoptrophobia, which is the fear of one's own reflection. Generally, an individual that deals with spectrophobia has been traumatized in an event where they believe"
"Oikophobia In psychiatry, oikophobia (synonymous with domatophobia and ecophobia) is an aversion to home surroundings. It can also be used more generally to mean an abnormal fear (a phobia) of the home, or of the contents of a house (""fear of household appliances, equipment, bathtubs, household chemicals, and other common objects in the home""). The term derives from the Greek words ""oikos"", meaning household, house, or family, and ""phobia"", meaning ""fear"". In 1808 the poet and essayist Robert Southey used the word to describe a desire (particularly by the English) to leave home and travel. Southey's usage as a synonym"
"writer Thierry Baudet, which he describes in his book, ""Oikophobia: The fear of home"". Oikophobia In psychiatry, oikophobia (synonymous with domatophobia and ecophobia) is an aversion to home surroundings. It can also be used more generally to mean an abnormal fear (a phobia) of the home, or of the contents of a house (""fear of household appliances, equipment, bathtubs, household chemicals, and other common objects in the home""). The term derives from the Greek words ""oikos"", meaning household, house, or family, and ""phobia"", meaning ""fear"". In 1808 the poet and essayist Robert Southey used the word to describe a desire"
"leprae"" which causes leprosy. Thermophobic response in living organisms is negative response to higher temperatures. In physics, thermophobia is motion of particles in mixtures (solutions, suspensions, etc.) towards the areas of lower temperatures, a particular case of thermophoresis. In medicine, thermophobia refers to a sensory dysfunction, sensation of abnormal heat, which may be associated with, e.g., hyperthyroidism. Thermophobia Thermophobia (adjective: thermophobic) is intolerance for high temperatures by either inorganic materials or organisms. The term has a number of specific usages. In pharmacy, a thermophobic foam consisting of 0.1% betamethasone valerate was found to be at least as effective as conventional"
"Thermophobia Thermophobia (adjective: thermophobic) is intolerance for high temperatures by either inorganic materials or organisms. The term has a number of specific usages. In pharmacy, a thermophobic foam consisting of 0.1% betamethasone valerate was found to be at least as effective as conventional remedies for treating dandruff. In addition, the foam is non-greasy and does not irritate the scalp. Another use of thermophobic material is in treating hyperhydrosis of the axilla and the palm: A thermophobic foam named Bettamousse developed by Mipharm, an Italian company, was found to treat hyperhydrosis effectively. In biology, some bacteria are thermophobic, such as ""mycobacterium"
"Aichmophobia Aichmophobia () is a kind of specific phobia, the morbid fear of sharp things, such as pencils, needles, knives, a pointing finger, or even the sharp end of an umbrella and different sorts of protruding corners or sharp edges in furnitures and building constructions/materials. It is derived from the Greek ""aichmē"" (point) and ""phobos"" (fear). This fear may also be referred to as belonephobia or enetophobia. Sometimes this general term is used to refer to what is more specifically called fear of needles, or needle phobia. Fear of needles is the extreme and irrational fear of medical procedures involving"
"Claustrophobia Claustrophobia is the fear of being enclosed in a small space or room and unable to escape or get out. It can be triggered by many situations or stimuli, including elevators crowded to capacity, windowless rooms, hotel rooms with closed doors and sealed windows, small cars and even tight-necked clothing. It is typically classified as an anxiety disorder, which often results in panic attacks. The onset of claustrophobia has been attributed to many factors, including a reduction in the size of the amygdala, classical conditioning, or a genetic predisposition to fear small spaces. One study indicates that anywhere from"
"Icephobicity Icephobicity (from ""ice"" and Greek φόβος ""phobos"" ""fear"") is the ability of a solid surface to repel ice or prevent ice formation due to a certain topographical structure of the surface. The word “icephobic” was used for the first time at least in 1950; however, the progress in micropatterned surfaces resulted in growing interest towards icephobicity since the 2000s. The term ""icephobicity"" is similar to the term hydrophobicity and other “-phobicities” in physical chemistry (oleophobicity, lipophobicity, omniphobicity, amphiphobicity, etc.). The icephobicity is different from deicing and anti-icing in that icephobic surfaces, unlike the anti-icing surfaces, do not require special"
"injections or hypodermic needles. Not to be confused with similar condition (Avoidance behavior) the Visual looming syndrome, where the patient does not fear sharp items, but feels pain or discomfort at gazing upon sharp objects nearby. Aichmophobia Aichmophobia () is a kind of specific phobia, the morbid fear of sharp things, such as pencils, needles, knives, a pointing finger, or even the sharp end of an umbrella and different sorts of protruding corners or sharp edges in furnitures and building constructions/materials. It is derived from the Greek ""aichmē"" (point) and ""phobos"" (fear). This fear may also be referred to as"
"Technophobia Technophobia (from Greek τέχνη ""technē"", ""art, skill, craft"" and φόβος ""phobos"", ""fear"") is the fear or dislike of advanced technology or complex devices, especially computers. Although there are numerous interpretations of technophobia, they become more complex as technology continues to evolve. The term is generally used in the sense of an irrational fear, but others contend fears are justified. It is related to cyberphobia and is the opposite of technophilia. Dr. Larry Rosen, a research psychologist, computer educator, and professor at the California State University, suggests that there are three dominant subcategories of technophobes - the ""uncomfortable users"", the"
"Mysophobia Mysophobia, also known as verminophobia, germophobia, germaphobia, bacillophobia and bacteriophobia, is a pathological fear of contamination and germs. The term was coined by William A. Hammond in 1879 when describing a case of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibited in repeatedly washing one's hands. Mysophobia has long been related to compulsive hand washing. Names pertaining directly to the abnormal fear of dirt and filth include molysmophobia or molysomophobia, rhypophobia, and rupophobia, whereas the terms bacillophobia and bacteriophobia specifically refer to the fear of bacteria and microbes in general. The term ""mysophobia"" comes from the Greek μύσος (""musos""), ""uncleanness"" and φόβος (""phobos""),"
"toy kitten, and finally a live kitten which the patient subsequently adopted. As the kitten grew, she also became less afraid of full-grown cats. In the 1965 animated television special ""A Charlie Brown Christmas,"" the character Lucy lists a number of phobias to Charlie Brown and incorrectly states, ""If you’re afraid of cats, you have ailurophasia."" The word-forming element ""-phasia"" is a scientific Greek suffix used to form the names of disorders and phenomena relating to words and speech, such as cryptophasia, aphasia, dysphasia, and schizophasia. In the 1969 horror film, Eye of the Cat, where the protagonist planning the"
"for wanderlust was picked up by other nineteenth century writers. The term has also been used in political contexts to refer critically to political ideologies that repudiate one's own culture and laud others. The first such usage was by Roger Scruton in a 2004 book. In psychiatric usage oikophobia typically refers to fear of the physical space of the home interior, and is especially linked to fear of household appliances, baths, electrical equipment and other aspects of the home perceived to be potentially dangerous. The term is properly applied only to fear of objects within the house. Fear of the"
"Frigophobia Frigophobia is a phobia pertaining to the fear of becoming too cold. Sufferers of this problem bundle up in heavy clothes and blankets, regardless of the ambient air temperature. This disorder has been linked to other psychological disorders such as hypochondriasis and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In a 1975 study among ethnic Chinese in Taiwan, it was noted that frigophobia may be culturally linked to koro. Where that disorder causes male sufferers to feel that their penis is retracting into the body due to an insufficiency of ""male element"" (or ""yang""), male frigophobia sufferers correlate coldness with an over-abundance of ""female"
"and greasy substances in general. Hydrophobic materials are used for oil removal from water, the management of oil spills, and chemical separation processes to remove non-polar substances from polar compounds. Hydrophobic is often used interchangeably with lipophilic, ""fat-loving"". However, the two terms are not synonymous. While hydrophobic substances are usually lipophilic, there are exceptions, such as the silicones and fluorocarbons. The term ""hydrophobe"" comes from the Ancient Greek ὑδρόφοβος, ""having a horror of water"", constructed from ὕδωρ, ""water"", and φόβος, ""fear"". The hydrophobic interaction is mostly an entropic effect originating from the disruption of the highly dynamic hydrogen bonds between"
"Lilapsophobia Lilapsophobia is an abnormal fear of tornadoes or hurricanes. Lilapsophobia is considered the more severe type of astraphobia, which is a fear of thunder and lightning. The Greek basis word is λαῖλα|ψ -απος ""laíla|ps"" -""apos"" for which reason the term should strictly have been *lailapophobia – like myrmecophobia from ""mýrmē|x"" -""ēkos"". Greek words ending in ψ (""ps"") and ξ (""ks"") would regularly become -pos / -kos (respectively) in oblique cases, conventionally given as the genitive form. This rule also obtains for Latin, cf. ""pax"", ""pac""|""is"", and it is from the accusative form ""pacem"" that all Romance languages have taken"
"cause some claustrophobia to fear trivial matters such as sitting in a barber's chair or waiting in a queue at a shop simply out of a fear of confinement to a single space. Another possible site for claustrophobic attacks is a dentist's chair, particularly during dental surgery; in that scenario, the fear is not of pain, but of being confined. Often, when confined to an area. claustrophobics begin to fear suffocation, believing that there may be a lack of air in the area to which they are confined. Claustrophobia is the fear of having no escape, and being closed into"
"footballer Paolo Di Canio describes finding that his then team-mate, Peter Grant suffered from ichthyophobia. During a practical joke, Di Canio describes Grant's fearful reaction after finding a salmon head in his bed. Grant told ""The Independent"" that item in his bed was in fact a ""shark's head"" and ""to say I got a fright when I put my feet between the sheets is an understatement."" The term ""ichthyophobia"" comes from the Greek ἰχθῦς - ""ichthus"", meaning ""fish"" and φόβος - ""phobos"", ""fear"". ""Galeophobia"" comes from the Greek γαλεός - ""galeos"", ""small shark"". Fear of fish Fear of fish or"
"element"" (or ""yin""). Frigophobia is defined as a persistent, abnormal, and unwarranted fear of coldness despite conscious understanding by the phobic individual and reassurance by others that there is no danger. It is also known as cheimaphobia or cheimatophobia. In China, frigophobia is known as ""weihanzheng"" (畏寒症, lit. ""coldness-fearing syndrome""). From the standpoint of traditional Chinese beliefs, the disorder is highly influenced by an imbalance of yin (the female element) and yang (the male element). Chinese traditional beliefs also states that working women are particularly susceptible to frigophobia, triggered by a combination of stress, menopause, pregnancy and other disorders such"
"religion. Technophobia Technophobia (from Greek τέχνη ""technē"", ""art, skill, craft"" and φόβος ""phobos"", ""fear"") is the fear or dislike of advanced technology or complex devices, especially computers. Although there are numerous interpretations of technophobia, they become more complex as technology continues to evolve. The term is generally used in the sense of an irrational fear, but others contend fears are justified. It is related to cyberphobia and is the opposite of technophilia. Dr. Larry Rosen, a research psychologist, computer educator, and professor at the California State University, suggests that there are three dominant subcategories of technophobes - the ""uncomfortable users"","
"5–7% of the world population is affected by severe claustrophobia, but only a small percentage of these people receive some kind of treatment for the disorder. The term ""claustrophobia"" comes from Latin ""claustrum"" ""a shut in place"" and Greek """", ""phóbos"", ""fear"". Claustrophobia is typically thought to have two key symptoms: fear of restriction and fear of suffocation. A typical claustrophobic will fear restriction in at least one, if not several, of the following areas: small rooms, locked rooms, MRI or CAT scan apparatus, cars, airplanes, trains, tunnels, underwater caves, cellars, elevators and caves. Additionally, the fear of restriction can"
"in general. Fear of mice Fear of mice and rats is one of the most common specific phobias. It is sometimes referred to as musophobia (from Greek ""μῦς"" ""mouse"") or murophobia (a coinage from the taxonomic adjective ""murine"" for the family Muridae that encompasses mice and rats), or as suriphobia, from French ""souris"", ""mouse"". The phobia, as an unreasonable and disproportionate fear, is distinct from reasonable concern about rats and mice contaminating food supplies, which may potentially be universal to all times, places, and cultures where stored grain attracts rodents, which then consume or contaminate the food supply. In many"
"Fear of fish Fear of fish or ichthyophobia ranges from cultural phenomena such as fear of eating fish, fear of touching raw fish, or fear of dead fish, up to irrational fear (specific phobia). Galeophobia is the fear specifically of sharks. Ichthyophobia is described in ""Psychology: An International Perspective"" as an ""unusual"" specific phobia. Both symptoms and remedies of ichthyophobia are common to most specific phobias. John B. Watson, a renowned name in behaviorism, describes an example, quoted in many books in psychology, of conditioned fear of a goldfish in an infant and a way of unconditioning of the fear"
"""fear"". Mysophobia Mysophobia, also known as verminophobia, germophobia, germaphobia, bacillophobia and bacteriophobia, is a pathological fear of contamination and germs. The term was coined by William A. Hammond in 1879 when describing a case of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibited in repeatedly washing one's hands. Mysophobia has long been related to compulsive hand washing. Names pertaining directly to the abnormal fear of dirt and filth include molysmophobia or molysomophobia, rhypophobia, and rupophobia, whereas the terms bacillophobia and bacteriophobia specifically refer to the fear of bacteria and microbes in general. The term ""mysophobia"" comes from the Greek μύσος (""musos""), ""uncleanness"" and φόβος"
"Fear of mice Fear of mice and rats is one of the most common specific phobias. It is sometimes referred to as musophobia (from Greek ""μῦς"" ""mouse"") or murophobia (a coinage from the taxonomic adjective ""murine"" for the family Muridae that encompasses mice and rats), or as suriphobia, from French ""souris"", ""mouse"". The phobia, as an unreasonable and disproportionate fear, is distinct from reasonable concern about rats and mice contaminating food supplies, which may potentially be universal to all times, places, and cultures where stored grain attracts rodents, which then consume or contaminate the food supply. In many cases a"
"Chemophobia Chemophobia (or chemphobia or chemonoia) is an aversion to or prejudice against chemicals or chemistry. The phenomenon has been ascribed both to a reasonable concern over the potential adverse effects of synthetic chemicals, and to an irrational fear of these substances because of misconceptions about their potential for harm, particularly the possibility of certain exposures to some synthetic chemicals elevating an individual's risk of cancer. Consumer products with labels such as ""natural"" and ""chemical-free"" appeal to chemophobic sentiments by offering consumers what appears to be a safer alternative (see appeal to nature and the naturalistic fallacy). There are differing"
"and the Greek ""phobos"" () for ""fear"". Necrophobia Necrophobia is a specific phobia which is the irrational fear of dead things (e.g., corpses) as well as things associated with death (e.g., coffins, tombstones, funerals, cemeteries). With all types of emotions, obsession with death becomes evident in both fascination and objectification. In a cultural sense, necrophobia may also be used to mean a fear of the dead by a cultural group, e.g., a belief that the spirits of the dead will return to haunt the living. Symptoms include: shortness of breath, rapid breathing, irregular heartbeat, sweating, dry mouth and shaking, feeling"
"Mageirocophobia Mageirocophobia (""pronunciation"": ˌmædʒaɪrɪk-a-pho-bee-a) is the fear of cooking. It is spectral and can take on several forms, although it is not considered severe enough for treatment unless a person is severely afraid or impacted. Most frequently, it is a common social anxiety disorder caused by negative reactions to common culinary mishaps, post-traumatic stress episodes from cooking or the fear of others' cooking for the phobic person that either prevents them from eating, eating only pre-prepared foods and snacks, or causes them to eat away or take away foods that can result in unhealthy diets associated with hypertension, obesity, and"
"Astraphobia Astraphobia, also known as astrapophobia, brontophobia, keraunophobia, or tonitrophobia is an abnormal fear of thunder and lightning, a type of specific phobia. It is a treatable phobia that both humans and animals can develop. The term astraphobia is composed of the words ἀστραπή (astrape; lightning) and φόβος (phobos; fear). A person with astraphobia will often feel anxious during a thunderstorm even when they understand that the threat to them is minimal. Some symptoms are those accompanied with many phobias, such as trembling, crying, sweating, panicked reactions, the sudden feeling of using the bathroom, nausea, the feeling of dread, insertion"
"substrate also of great importance since ice shedding occurs as fracture, either in the Mode I (normal) or Mode II (shear) cracking, so that crack concentrators are major contributors to the reduced strength. Icephobicity Icephobicity (from ""ice"" and Greek φόβος ""phobos"" ""fear"") is the ability of a solid surface to repel ice or prevent ice formation due to a certain topographical structure of the surface. The word “icephobic” was used for the first time at least in 1950; however, the progress in micropatterned surfaces resulted in growing interest towards icephobicity since the 2000s. The term ""icephobicity"" is similar to the"
"perceived need for a word to describe a mental aberration consisting of an unreasoning terror of gadgetry, specifically, weapons. The most common manifestation of hoplophobia is the idea that instruments possess a will of their own, apart from that of their user. This is not a reasoned position, but when you point this out to a hoplophobe he is not impressed because his is an unreasonable position. To convince a man that he is not making sense is not to change his viewpoint but rather to make an enemy. Thus hoplophobia is a useful word, but as with all words,"
"Pagophagia Pagophagia (from Greek: ""pagos"", frost, + ""phagō"", to eat) is the compulsive consumption of ice or iced drinks. It is a form of the disorder pica. It has been associated with iron deficiency anemia, and shown to respond to iron supplementation, leading some investigators to postulate that some forms of pica may be the result of nutritional deficiency. Chewing ice may lessen pain in glossitis related to iron deficiency anemia. However, the American Dental Association recommends not chewing ice because it can crack teeth; instead ice should be allowed to melt in the mouth. Folk wisdom (and some early"
"term ""ergophobia"" comes from the Greek ""ergon"" (work) and ""phobos"" (fear). A phobia is a psychological condition in which an individual has a persisting fear of situations or objects, disproportionate to the threat they actually pose. Once the fearful individual encounters the situation or object of their phobia, the emotional, cognitive and physical reaction is almost immediate. This condition creates immense distress that stems from the need to constantly be alert and to be able to avoid the triggering source of the phobia. Phobias can be specific to a certain stimulus or general to social situations. The most effective treatment"