"in the form of a substrate or otherwise, can be demonstrated by linguistic evidence. Only the toponyms are known to have survived from ancient Ligurian, the name ""Liguria"" being the most obvious example. Variants of the Ligurian language are: The Ligurian alphabet has: According to the spelling of the Genoese ""Académia Ligùstica do Brénno"" Ligurian (Romance language) Ligurian (""ligure"" or ""lengua ligure"") is a Gallo-Italic language spoken in Liguria in Northern Italy, parts of the Mediterranean coastal zone of France, Monaco and in the villages of Carloforte and Calasetta in Sardinia. It is part of the Gallo-Italic and Western Romance"
"part. The sea receives the Arno River from the east and many other rivers that originate in the Apennines. The ports of Genoa, La Spezia, and Livorno are on its rocky coast. It reaches a maximum depth of more than northwest of Corsica. The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Ligurian Sea as follows: ""On the Southwest."" A line joining Cape Corse (Cape Grosso, 9°23′E) the Northern point of Corsica to the frontier between France and Italy (7°31′E). ""On the Southeast."" A line joining Cape Corse with Tinetto Island () and thence through Tino and Palmaria Islands to"
"the Ligurian Sea, a region of the Mediterranean bordered by Western Spain, Southern France and Northwestern Italy. Control of the island, and in particular the harbour at San Fiorenzo, can allow a naval force to exercise regional dominance over this important waterway. Corsica was for centuries a part of the Republic of Genoa, although by the mid-eighteenth century it was ""de facto"" independent as the Corsican Republic, led by Pasquale Paoli. Unable to contest Paoli's control of the island, the Genoese sold Corsica to the Kingdom of France in 1768, and a French invasion swiftly captured and annexed the island."
"Ligurian Alps The Ligurian Alps are a mountain range in northwestern Italy. A small part is located in France. They form the south-western extremity of the Alps, separated from the Apennines by the Colle di Cadibona. The Col de Tende separates them from the Maritime Alps. They form the border between Piedmont in the north and Liguria in the south. Administratively the range is divided between the Italian provinces of Cuneo, Imperia and Savona and the French department of Alpes-Maritimes (south-western slopes). The Ligurian Alps are drained by the Tanaro River, along with other tributaries of the Po River, on"
"Nervia The Nervia is a stream of Liguria (Italy). The river rises near Monte Pietravecchia, in the Ligurian Alps, and flows through the Valle Nervia mainly heading south. It passes through the communes of Pigna and Isolabona; around one km before Dolceacqua it receives from right the Barbaira, its most important tributary. After Camporosso and enters the Ligurian Sea between Ventimiglia and Vallecrosia. Nervia basin (195 km2) is almost totally included in the Province of Imperia, besides 3.5 km2 belonging to France and located in its upper part. The mouth of the Nervia and its surrounding area are included in"
"Genova. The ""Département du Bisagne"" o ""Dipartimento del Bisagno"" of Ligurian Republic took its name at the end of the 18th century from the stream. Bisagno (stream) The Bisagno (in Ligurian ""Besagno"" ) is a stream of Liguria (Italy). The river rises near Scoffera pass at around 600 m in the Ligurian Apennines. It flows south-west in the Bisagno Valley and receives its two main tributaries, called ""torrente Lentro"" (from the left hand) and ""torrente Canate"" (from the right hand). Heading south it reaches Genova and ends its course in the Ligurian Sea. The last part of its course, from"
"relate to maritime people or sailors. Liguria is bordered by France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) to the west, Piedmont to the north, and Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany to the east. It lies on the Ligurian Sea. The narrow strip of land is bordered by the sea, the Alps and the Apennines mountains. Some mountains rise above ; the watershed line runs at an average altitude of about . The highest point of the region is the summit of Monte Saccarello (). The winding arched extension goes from Ventimiglia to La Spezia. Of this, are mountainous (65% of the total) and are hills (35%"
"Polcevera The Polcevera (in Ligurian ""Pûçéivia"" or ""Ponçéivia"") is a river in Liguria (Italy). The river is named the Polcevera from Pontedecimo, at the confluence of the Torrente Riccò (left-hand) and torrente Verde (right-hand). Between Pontedecimo and the Ligurian Sea, the Polcevera is long, but its total length including the Torrente Verde is . From Pontedecimo the Polcevera heads south, and at Bolzaneto it receives the waters of the Torrente Secca, another important left-hand tributary. After being crossed by the , a motorway bridge that partially collapsed in August 2018, it ends its course in the Ligurian Sea between Sampierdarena"
"Liguria Liguria (; ; ; ) is a coastal region of north-western Italy; its capital is Genoa. The region almost coincides with the Italian Riviera and is popular with tourists for its beaches, towns, and cuisine. The name ""Liguria"" predates Latin and is of obscure origin, however the Latin adjectives ""Ligusticum"" (as in ""Mare Ligusticum"") and ""Liguscus"" reveal the original -sc- in the root ligusc-, which shortened to -s- and turned into -r- in the Latin name ""Liguria"" according to rhotacism. The formant -sc- (-sk-) is present in the names Etruscan, Basque, Gascony and is believed by some researchers to"
"sides: the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea in the south, and the Ligurian Sea and the Tyrrhenian Sea in the west. Most of rivers of Italy drain either into the Adriatic Sea, such as the Po, Piave, Adige, Brenta, Tagliamento, and Reno, or into the Tyrrhenian, like the Arno, Tiber and Volturno. The waters from some border municipalities (Livigno in Lombardy, Innichen and Sexten in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol) drain into the Black Sea through the basin of the Drava, a tributary of the Danube, and the waters from the Lago di Lei in Lombardy drain into the North"
"of wheat including emmer). Ligurian pasta includes ""trenette"" and ""trofie"", and the fresh pasta pockets called ""pansòuti"". ""See also: "" Liguria Liguria (; ; ; ) is a coastal region of north-western Italy; its capital is Genoa. The region almost coincides with the Italian Riviera and is popular with tourists for its beaches, towns, and cuisine. The name ""Liguria"" predates Latin and is of obscure origin, however the Latin adjectives ""Ligusticum"" (as in ""Mare Ligusticum"") and ""Liguscus"" reveal the original -sc- in the root ligusc-, which shortened to -s- and turned into -r- in the Latin name ""Liguria"" according to"
"Italian Riviera The Italian Riviera, or Ligurian Riviera (; ) is the narrow coastal strip which lies between the Ligurian Sea and the mountain chain formed by the Maritime Alps and the Apennines. Longitudinally it extends from the border with France and the French Riviera (or ""Côte d'Azur"") near Ventimiglia (a former customs post) to Capo Corvo (also known as Punta Bianca) which marks the eastern end of the Gulf of La Spezia and is close to the border with Tuscany. The Italian Riviera thus includes nearly all of the coastline of Liguria. (Historically the ""Riviera"" extended further to the"
"Gulf of La Spezia The Gulf of La Spezia (Italian: ""Golfo della Spezia"" or ""Golfo dei poeti"") is a body of water on the north-western coast of Italy and part of the northern Tyrrhenian Sea, specifically of Ligurian Sea. It measures some 4.5 (length) by 3-3.5 (width) kilometers. The gulf is named for the Italian city of La Spezia, located at its middle point, which is also the main military and cargo port in the gulf, including several arsenals of the Italian Marina Militare. At the gulf extremities are the two tourist resorts of Lerici (western) and Porto Venere (eastern)."
"Bisagno (stream) The Bisagno (in Ligurian ""Besagno"" ) is a stream of Liguria (Italy). The river rises near Scoffera pass at around 600 m in the Ligurian Apennines. It flows south-west in the Bisagno Valley and receives its two main tributaries, called ""torrente Lentro"" (from the left hand) and ""torrente Canate"" (from the right hand). Heading south it reaches Genova and ends its course in the Ligurian Sea. The last part of its course, from Genova Brignole railway station to the mouth, has been transformed in a water tunnel. Bisagno basin (95 km2) is totally included in the Province of"
"to the east, Greece to the south and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. The coastline has a total length of and specifically marked by a mountainous landscape supplied with deep bays, numerous islands, high cliffs, rocky and sandy coasts and a unique marine life. The Ionian Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea positioned south of the Adriatic Sea, which extend from Sicily up to the Strait of Otranto between Salento and Bay of Vlorë. It is bordered by Italy in the west, Greece and Albania in the east. Though considered by ancient authors to be part of"
"Piemont-Liguria Ocean The Piemont-Liguria basin or the Piemont-Liguria Ocean (sometimes only one of the two names is used, for example: Piemonte Ocean) was a former piece of oceanic crust that is seen as part of the Tethys Ocean. Together with some other oceanic basins that existed between the continents Europe and Africa, the Piemont-Liguria Ocean is called the Western or Alpine Tethys Ocean. The Piemont-Liguria Ocean was formed in the Jurassic period, when the paleocontinents Laurasia (to the north, with Europe) and Gondwana (to the south, with Africa) started to move away from each other. The oceanic crust that formed"
"Ligérian The Ligérian is a regional geological substage of the Turonian. It designates sediments of the Lower Turonian in western France. The name Ligérian, in French ""Ligérien"", is derived from the Latin ""Ligera"", which stands for the Loire River. The Ligérian is encountered in the Touraine (southwestern part of the Paris Basin) near Saumur along the River Loire, type locality of the Turonian. But it can equally be found in the northern Aquitaine Basin. The Ligérian, abbreviated as c3a on French geological maps, is the lowest substage of the Turonian. It overlies the Cenomanian and is in turn overlain by"
"canoe or kayak. Stura di Ovada The Stura di Ovada is a stream of Liguria and Piedmont (Italy); it is the main tributary of the Orba. The stream rises from monte Orditano (Ceranesi municipality), in the Ligurian Apennine, with the name ""Sturetta"" (""little Stura""). After Piani di Praglia in Mele municipality it receives Rio di Fregeu from left hand assuming the name of ""Stura"". In this brief part of its course the Stura marks the border between the regions of Piemonte and Liguria, and the right part of its valley is encompassed in the Capanne di Marcarolo Natural Regional Park."
"the Tyrrhenian Sea. The northern and southern segments comprise parallel chains that can be viewed as single overall mountain ridges, such as the Ligurian Mountains. The center, being thicker and more complex, is geologically divided into an inner and an outer arc with regard to the centers of curvature. The geologic definition, however, is not the same as the geographic. Based on rock type and orogenic incidents, the northern segment of the arc is divided into the Outer Northern Apennines (ONA) and the Inner Northern Apennines (INA). The Central Apennines are divided into the Umbrian–Marchean (') or Roman Apennines in"
"Alboran Sea The Alboran Sea is the westernmost portion of the Mediterranean Sea, lying between the Iberian Peninsula and the north of Africa (Spain on the north and Morocco and Algeria on the south). The Strait of Gibraltar, which lies at the west end of the Alboran Sea, connects the Mediterranean with the Atlantic Ocean. Its average depth is and maximum depth is . The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Alboran Sea as follows: ""On the West."" The Eastern limit of the Strait of Gibraltar: A line joining from tip (Europa Point) of ""Cap Gibraltar"" in Europe"
"""heel"" and the ""boot"" is the Gulf of Taranto, named after the city of Taranto, which is at an angle between the heel and the boot itself. It is an arm of the Ionian Sea. The island of Sardinia, right below the French island of Corsica, might also be included. On the eastern coast is the Adriatic Sea, leading into the rest of the Mediterranean through the Strait of Otranto (named after the largest city on the tip of the heel). On the Adriatic, south of the ""spur"" of the boot, the peninsula of Monte Gargano; on the Tyrrhenian Sea,"
"fishermen and guided scuba diving tours and the last and least stringent Partial Nature Reserve that allows monitored recreational fishing. This part of the Ligurian Sea is included in the Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean marine mammals, an international protected area that includes territories of France, Monaco and Italy. Founded in 2002, The Pelagos Sanctuary focuses on the protection of Mediterranean cetaceans under threat from human involvement. In Italy, past practices included deep-net fishing and pollution from cruise ships that dock in areas like Cinque Terre, endangering the habitats of dolphins and other cetaceans that live in its waters. Goals are"
"of Italy. Liguria is divided into four provinces: Liguria is the original source of pesto, one of the most popular sauces in Italian cuisine, made with fresh basil, pine kernels, olive oil, garlic and Parmesan cheese. Seafood is a major staple of Mediterranean cuisine, the Ligurian variety being no exception, as the sea has been part of the region's culture since its beginning. ""Ciuppin"" soup is made from fish leftovers and stale bread, flavoured with white wine, onion, and garlic. Vegetables, especially beans, are important in Ligurian cooking. ""Mesciua"" soup is made from beans, olive oil and farro (old kinds"
"Maritime Alps The Maritime Alps ( ; ) are a mountain range in the southwestern part of the Alps. They form the border between the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur and the Italian regions of Piedmont and Liguria. They are the southernmost part of the Alps. Administratively the range is divided between the Italian provinces of Cuneo and Imperia (eastern slopes) and the French department of Alpes-Maritimes (western slopes). The Maritime Alps are drained by the rivers Roya, Var and Verdon and their tributaries on the French side; by the Stura di Demonte and other tributaries of the Tanaro and"
"a SIC ""(Site of Community Importance)"" of around 44 ha called ""Torrente Nervia"" (code IT1315719); Monte Pietravecchia too, at the sources of the stream, is included in a SIC called "" Monte Toraggio - Monte Pietravecchia"" (cod. IT1315421). Nervia The Nervia is a stream of Liguria (Italy). The river rises near Monte Pietravecchia, in the Ligurian Alps, and flows through the Valle Nervia mainly heading south. It passes through the communes of Pigna and Isolabona; around one km before Dolceacqua it receives from right the Barbaira, its most important tributary. After Camporosso and enters the Ligurian Sea between Ventimiglia and"
"50° and forming the Ligurian Sea. The sea covered the hill of Turin, the Langhe, Montferrat and the Po Valley. The rotation of the Corsica-Sardinia block opposed by the African block produced a pressure that gave rise to the Apennines. 8 million years ago to the east of the Corsica-Sardinia block opened wide north-south divide that separated the Italian peninsula from Corsica and Sardinia, this gap widened to become the Tyrrhenian Sea. In the period from 7 to 5 million years ago the Mediterranean Sea was closed and remained isolated from the Atlantic Ocean. This resulted in the increase of"
"area of Labourd. Cantabrian Sea The Cantabrian Sea is the coastal sea of the Atlantic Ocean that washes the northern coast of Spain and the southwest side of the Atlantic coast of France; it represents the south area of the Bay of Biscay. It extends from the cape Estaca de Bares in the province of A Coruña, to the mouth of the Adour river, near the city of Bayonne on the coast of the department of Pyrenees Atlantiques in French Basque Country. It washes of coastline shared by the Spanish provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Asturias, Cantabria, Biscay and Gipuzkoa,"
"and Cornigliano, two of Genoa. The drainage basin of the Polcevera is totally included in the Province of Genova. Its highest point is Monte Taccone (1,113 m). The ""Département du Polcevera"" or ""Dipartimento della Polcevera"" of Ligurian Republic took its name at the end of the 18th century from the stream. Polcevera The Polcevera (in Ligurian ""Pûçéivia"" or ""Ponçéivia"") is a river in Liguria (Italy). The river is named the Polcevera from Pontedecimo, at the confluence of the Torrente Riccò (left-hand) and torrente Verde (right-hand). Between Pontedecimo and the Ligurian Sea, the Polcevera is long, but its total length including"
"Cantabrian Sea The Cantabrian Sea is the coastal sea of the Atlantic Ocean that washes the northern coast of Spain and the southwest side of the Atlantic coast of France; it represents the south area of the Bay of Biscay. It extends from the cape Estaca de Bares in the province of A Coruña, to the mouth of the Adour river, near the city of Bayonne on the coast of the department of Pyrenees Atlantiques in French Basque Country. It washes of coastline shared by the Spanish provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, Asturias, Cantabria, Biscay and Gipuzkoa, and the French"
"Livorno Livorno () is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 158,493 residents in December 2017. It has traditionally been known in English as Leghorn ( ). The origins of Livorno are controversial, although the place was inhabited since the Neolithic Age as shown by worked bones, pieces of copper and ceramic found on the Livorno Hills in a cave between ""Ardenza"" and ""Montenero"". The construction of the Via Aurelia coincided with the occupation of the region by the Romans,"
"Colle dei Signori The Colle dei Signori (in Italian) or Col des Seigneurs (in French) at 2,107 m is a mountain pass in the Ligurian Alps. It connects the valleys of Roya in France and Tanaro in Italy. The Colle dei Signori is located on the main chain of the Alps between the Cime de Capoves and Cima di Gaina. It connects the basins of the Ligurian Sea (West of the pass) and the River Po. Administratively is located between Italian municipality of Briga Alta and one exclave of the Frenc municipality of La Brigue. The pass up to World"
"south of Genoa, north and west into what is now French territory past Monaco and sometimes as far as Marseilles. Now it is divided into the Italian Riviera and the French Riviera, although the French use the term ""Riviera"" to refer to the Italian Riviera and call the French portion the ""Côte d'Azur"". As a result of the fame of the Ligurian rivieras, the term came into English to refer to any shoreline, especially one that is sunny, topographically diverse and popular with tourists. Such places using the term include the Australian Riviera in Queensland and the Turkish Riviera along"
"Black Sea The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between the Balkans, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia. It is supplied by a number of major rivers, such as the Danube, Dnieper, Southern Bug, Dniester, Don, and the Rioni. About a third of Europe drains into the Black Sea, including the countries of Austria, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey and Ukraine. The Black Sea has an area of (not including the Sea of Azov), a maximum depth"