"the music-dramas of Wagner, he also led the original productions of the Richard Strauss operas ""Feuersnot"" (1901), ""Salome"" (1905), ""Elektra"" (1909) and ""Der Rosenkavalier"" (1911) as well as the first German productions of operas by Puccini and Mascagni, and the Dresden première of Wagner's ""Parsifal"" on 24 March 1914, his last new production before his death on 10 May. Also highly valued as a nonoperatic conductor, he was particularly known in the concert hall for his renditions of the orchestral works of Felix Draeseke and Strauss. He married coloratura soprano Clementine von Schuch-Proska (Klementine Procházka) (1850-1932), who became an honorary"
"""Salome"" (1905) and ""Elektra"" (1909) quickly established his reputation as Germany's leading opera composer. These two operas stretched the tonal music system to its breaking point. The highly chromatic music featured harsh dissonances and unresolved harmonies. This, paired with the gruesome subject matter, looked forward to expressionism. ""Elektra"" also marked the beginning of Strauss's working relationship with the leading Austrian poet and playwright Hugo von Hofmannsthal, who would provide another five libretti for the composer. With ""Der Rosenkavalier"" of 1911, Strauss changed direction, looking towards Mozart and the world of the Viennese waltz as much as towards Wagner. Modernist critics"
"and ""Die Frau ohne Schatten"". The most recent figures covering the five seasons 2011/12 to 2015/2016 show that Strauss was the tenth most performed opera composer, with ""Der Rosenkavalier"" overtaking ""Salome"" to become his most performed opera (the ranking of the other four remains the same). Strauss was a prolific composer of Lieder. He often composed them with the voice of his wife in mind. His Lieder were written for voice and piano, and he orchestrated several of them after the fact. In 1894–1895, around the age of 30, he published several well-known songs including ""Ruhe, meine Seele!"", ""Cäcilie"", ""Morgen!"","
"of the patronage from Ludwig II of Bavaria, exclusively dedicated to performing his own works in the style he wanted. Opera would never be the same after Wagner and for many composers his legacy proved a heavy burden. On the other hand, Richard Strauss accepted Wagnerian ideas but took them in wholly new directions, along with incorporating the new form introduced by Verdi. He first won fame with the scandalous ""Salome"" and the dark tragedy ""Elektra"", in which tonality was pushed to the limits. Then Strauss changed tack in his greatest success, ""Der Rosenkavalier"", where Mozart and Viennese waltzes became"
"Hugo Reichenberger Hugo Reichenberger (28 July 187311 October 1938) was a German conductor and composer. After stations in Bremen, Aachen, Stuttgart and Munich (National Theatre) Hugo Reichenberger became 1st ""Kapellmeister"" at the Stadttheater Frankfurt/Main in 1905 where he premiered Richard Strauss' ""Salome"" in 1907. From 1908 to 1935 he was a permanent conductor at the Vienna Court Opera and State Opera. He was one of the most frequent conductors of the Vienna State Opera, giving more than 2000 performances, among which emerge the premieres of Richard Strauss' ""Elektra"" in 1909 and Leos Janáceks ""Jenufa"" in 1918. As a guest conductor"
"(1990), listed below. Emanuel Schikaneder Emanuel Schikaneder (1 September 1751 – 21 September 1812), born Johann Joseph Schickeneder, was a German impresario, dramatist, actor, singer, and composer. He wrote the libretto of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera ""The Magic Flute"" and was the builder of the Theater an der Wien. Peter Branscombe called him ""one of the most talented theatre men of his era"". Schikaneder was born in Straubing in Bavaria to Joseph Schickeneder and Juliana Schiessl. Both of his parents worked as domestic servants and were extremely poor. They had a total of four children: Urban (born 1746), Johann Joseph"
"Joseph Gregor. Strauss's final opera, ""Capriccio"" (1942), had a libretto by Clemens Krauss, although the genesis for it came from Stefan Zweig and Joseph Gregor. According to statistics compiled by Operabase, in number of operas performed worldwide over the five seasons from 2008/09 to 2012/13, Strauss was the second-most performed 20th-century opera composer, ahead of Benjamin Britten and behind only Giacomo Puccini. Strauss tied with Handel as the eighth most-performed opera composer from any century over those five seasons. Over the five seasons from 2008/09 to 2012/13, Strauss's top five most-performed operas were ""Salome"", ""Ariadne auf Naxos"", ""Der Rosenkavalier"", ""Elektra"","
"he visited Madrid, Berlin (Philharmonic Orchestra), Coburg, Bukarest, Munich, Warsaw, Budapest, Amsterdam, Antwerpen, Brussels and Egypt. Hugo Reichenberger Hugo Reichenberger (28 July 187311 October 1938) was a German conductor and composer. After stations in Bremen, Aachen, Stuttgart and Munich (National Theatre) Hugo Reichenberger became 1st ""Kapellmeister"" at the Stadttheater Frankfurt/Main in 1905 where he premiered Richard Strauss' ""Salome"" in 1907. From 1908 to 1935 he was a permanent conductor at the Vienna Court Opera and State Opera. He was one of the most frequent conductors of the Vienna State Opera, giving more than 2000 performances, among which emerge the premieres"
"It's Methodist and Holiness and Baptist. It's blues and jazz, and it has a high lonesome sound."" In the early years of the century, Wagnerian chromatic harmony was extended by opera composers such as Richard Strauss (""Salome"", 1905; ""Elektra"", 1906–1908; ""Der Rosenkavalier"", 1910; ""Ariadne auf Naxos"", 1912; ""Die Frau ohne Schatten"", 1917), Claude Debussy (""Pelléas et Mélisande"", 1902), Giacomo Puccini (""Madama Butterfly"", 1904; ""La fanciulla del West"", 1910; ""Il trittico"", 1918), Ferruccio Busoni (""Doktor Faust"", 1916, posthumously completed by his student Philipp Jarnach), Béla Bartók (""Bluebeard's Castle"", 1911–17), Leos Janáček (""Jenůfa"", 1904; ""Osud"", 1907; ""Kát´a Kabanová"", 1919-1921) and Hans Pfitzner"
"Emanuel Schikaneder Emanuel Schikaneder (1 September 1751 – 21 September 1812), born Johann Joseph Schickeneder, was a German impresario, dramatist, actor, singer, and composer. He wrote the libretto of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera ""The Magic Flute"" and was the builder of the Theater an der Wien. Peter Branscombe called him ""one of the most talented theatre men of his era"". Schikaneder was born in Straubing in Bavaria to Joseph Schickeneder and Juliana Schiessl. Both of his parents worked as domestic servants and were extremely poor. They had a total of four children: Urban (born 1746), Johann Joseph (died at age"
"Margarethe Siems Margarethe Siems (20 December 1879 – 13 April 1952) was a German operatic soprano and voice teacher. A Kammersängerin of the Dresden State Opera, between 1909 and 1912 Siems created leading roles in three operas by Richard Strauss: Chrysothemis in ""Elektra"", the Marschallin in ""Der Rosenkavalier"", and Zerbinetta in ""Ariadne auf Naxos"". Margarethe Siems was born in Breslau (now Wrocław). After early training in piano and violin, she studied singing at the Dresden conservatory with the Hungarian soprano, Aglaja Orgeni, who had herself been a pupil of Pauline Viardot and Mathilde Marchesi. She made her opera début at"
"BWV 186a. He also most likely wrote the text for BWV 12, BWV 172 and BWV 21. probably by Salomon Franck (1714) From Evangelisches Andachts-Opffer (1715) From Evangelische Sonn- und Fest-Tages-Andachten (1717) Salomon Franck Salomon (also Salomo) Franck, 6 March 1659 – 11 July 1725), was a German lawyer, scientist, and poet. Franck was working at Weimar at the same time as the composer Johann Sebastian Bach and he was the librettist of some of the best-known Bach cantatas. Franck was born in Weimar. After studying law and theology at Jena he held government posts at Zwickau, Arnstadt, Jena and"
"the younger woman. Though a comic opera, the work incorporates some weighty themes (particularly through the Marschallin's character arc), including infidelity, aging, sexual predation, and selflessness (or the lack of it) in love. There are many recordings of the opera and it is regularly performed. ""Der Rosenkavalier"" premiered in 1911 in Dresden under the baton of Ernst von Schuch, who had previously conducted the premieres of Strauss's ""Feuersnot"", ""Salome"" and ""Elektra""; Georg Toller was originally slated to produce the opera, but he backed out and was replaced by Max Reinhardt. Soprano Margarethe Siems (Strauss's first Chrysothemis) sang the Marschallin, in"
"and Knapp believe that, despite the years of relative neglect, Handel's achievements as a composer of opera entitle him to rank alongside Monteverdi, Mozart, Verdi, and Richard Wagner as one of the supreme masters of the genre. Handel's lost Hamburg operas In 1703, the 18-year-old composer George Frideric Handel took up residence in Hamburg, Germany, where he remained until 1706. During this period he composed four operas, only the first of which, ""Almira"", has survived more or less intact. Of the other three, the music for ""Nero"" is lost, while only short orchestral excerpts from ""Florindo"" and ""Daphne"" survive. Handel"
"Johann Peter Salomon Johann Peter Salomon (20 February 1745 [baptized] – 28 November 1815) was a German violinist, composer, conductor and musical impresario. He was born in Bonn and was the second son of Philipp Salomon, an oboist at the court in Bonn. His birth home was at Bonngasse 515, coincidentally the later birth home of Beethoven. At the age of thirteen, he became a violinist in the court orchestra and six years later became the concert master of the orchestra of Prince Heinrich of Prussia. He composed several works for the court, including four operas and an oratorio. He"
"Giselher Klebe Giselher Wolfgang Klebe (28 June 19255 October 2009) was a German composer, and an academic teacher. He composed more than 140 works, among them 14 literary operas, eight symphonies, 15 solo concerts, chamber music, piano works, and sacred music. Giselher Klebe was born in Mannheim, Germany. He received musical tuition early in his life from his mother, the violinist Gertrud Klebe. The family relocated in 1932 to Munich, where his mother's sister, Melanie Michaelis, continued the training. His father's profession required a further relocation in 1936 to Rostock. Following the separation of his parents, Klebe moved with his"
"Paul Hindemith Paul Hindemith (; 16 November 1895 – 28 December 1963) was a prolific German composer, violist, violinist, teacher and conductor. In the 1920s, he became a major advocate of the ""Neue Sachlichkeit"" (new objectivity) style of music. Notable compositions include his song cycle ""Das Marienleben"" (1923), ""Der Schwanendreher"" for viola and orchestra (1935), and opera ""Mathis der Maler"" (1938). Hindemith's most popular work, both on record and in the concert hall, is likely the ""Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber"", written in 1943. Born in Hanau, near Frankfurt am Main, Hindemith was taught the violin"
"rather than simultaneously. Elektra (opera) Elektra, Op. 58, is a one-act opera by Richard Strauss, to a German-language libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal, which he adapted from his 1903 drama ""Elektra"". The opera was the first of many collaborations between Strauss and Hofmannsthal. It was first performed at the Königliches Opernhaus on 25 January 1909. It was dedicated to his friends Natalie and Willy Levin. While based on ancient Greek mythology, the opera is highly modernist and expressionist. Hofmannsthal and Strauss's adaptation of the story focuses tightly on Elektra, thoroughly developing her character by single-mindedly expressing her emotions and psychology"
"sonatas, string trio (1928), a flute sonata, four woodwind quintets, a string quartet (in G minor, his opus 51), a comic opera ""Die Fünfuhrthee"" (""The Five-o'Clock Tea"") (produced in Berlin and in Bremen in 1912) and a symphonic poem ""Erlösung"". Some of his chamber music has been recorded on three CDs on the label Crystal Records. Theodor Blumer Theodor Anton Blumer (24 March 1881 – 21 September 1964) was a German composer and conductor. Blumer was born in Dresden. He studied composition with Felix Draeseke and W. Brookman at the Dresden Conservatory. In 1931 he became the conductor of the"
"taught many students who went on to become well-known composers: Theo Brandmüller, , , Matthias Pintscher, and . On 10 September 1946 Klebe married the violinist Lore Schiller. They had two daughters, Sonja Katharina and Annette Marianne. Lore Klebe wrote the librettos for some of his operas, including ""Der Jüngste Tag"" (""Doomsday""). Klebe died on 5 October 2009 in Detmold at the age of 84 after a long illness. Notes Sources Giselher Klebe Giselher Wolfgang Klebe (28 June 19255 October 2009) was a German composer, and an academic teacher. He composed more than 140 works, among them 14 literary operas,"
"(as Rosalinde) with Erika Köth, Walter Berry, Regina Resnik and Herbert von Karajan (cond.); Chorus and Orchestra of the Vienna State Opera; rec.1960 (Decca) 6. Johann Strauss: ""Der Zigeunerbaron"" (as Saffi) with Karl Terkal, Walter Berry, Anneliese Rothenberger and Heinrich Hollreiser (cond.); Chorus and Orchestra of the Vienna State Opera; rec.1959 (EMI) 7. Richard Strauss: ""Daphne"" (as Daphne) with Fritz Wunderlich, James King, Paul Schoffler and Karl Böhm (cond.); Chorus and Orchestra of the Vienna State Opera; rec.1964/live (DG) 8. Richard Strauss: ""Der Rosenkavalier"" (as Sophie) with Maria Reining, Sena Jurinac and Erich Kleiber (cond.); Chorus and Orchestra of the"
"Friederike Sophie Seyler Friederike Sophie Seyler or F.S. Seyler, formerly Friederike Sophie Hensel (1737 or 1738, Dresden – 22 November 1789, Schleswig, née Sparmann; also referred to as ""Sophie Friederike""), was a German actress, playwright and librettist. Alongside Friederike Caroline Neuber, she was widely considered Germany's greatest actress of the 18th century. Her libretto for the Singspiel ""Oberon"" (originally titled ""Huon and Amanda"") was a major inspiration for Emanuel Schikaneder's libretto for the opera ""The Magic Flute"". She was briefly married to the actor Johann Gottlieb Hensel and then married the famous theatre director Abel Seyler. As an actress, she"
"Siegfried Salomon Siegfried Salomon (3 August 1885 – 29 October 1962) was a Danish composer. Salomon was born in Copenhagen. In 1899 he entered the Conservatory in Leipzig and studied there for four years. He also spent some time in Paris studying with Paul Le Flem. From 1903 he worked as an orchestral cellist and violist and appeared as a soloist in Copenhagen, Paris and Stockholm. His greatest success as a composer and conductor was with the opera ""Leonora Christina"" which premiered at Det Kongelige Teater in 1926. The opera was successful due to its use of popular style and"
"Conradin Kreutzer Conradin Kreutzer or Kreuzer (Messkirch in Baden, 22 November 1780 – Riga, 14 December 1849) was a German composer and conductor. His works include the opera ""Das Nachtlager in Granada"", and ""Der Verschwender"" (Incidental music), both produced in 1834 in Vienna. Kreutzer abandoned his studies in the law (University of Freiburg) and went to Vienna about 1804, where he met Joseph Haydn and may have studied with Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, while he tried his hand unsuccessfully at singspielen. He spent 1811–12 in Stuttgart, where at least three of his operas were staged and he was awarded the post"
"of Hofkapellmeister. He was from 1812 to 1816 Kapellmeister to the king of Württemberg. Once he was successful, he became a prolific composer, and wrote a number of operas for the Theater am Kärntnertor, Theater in der Josefstadt and Theater an der Wien Vienna, which have disappeared from the stage. In 1840 he became conductor of the opera at Cologne. His daughters, Cecilia and Marie Kreutzer, were sopranos of some renown. Kreutzer owes his fame almost exclusively to ""Das Nachtlager in Granada"" (1834), which kept the stage for half a century in spite of changes in musical taste. It was"
"Lotte Lehmann Charlotte ""Lotte"" Lehmann (February 27, 1888 – August 26, 1976) was a German soprano who was especially associated with German repertory. She gave memorable performances in the operas of Richard Strauss, Richard Wagner, Ludwig van Beethoven, Puccini, Mozart, and Massenet. The Marschallin in ""Der Rosenkavalier"", Sieglinde in ""Die Walküre"" and the title-role in ""Fidelio"" are considered her greatest roles. During her long career, Lehmann also made more than five hundred recordings. Her performances in the world of Lieder are considered among the best ever recorded. Lehmann was born in Perleberg, Province of Brandenburg. After studying in Berlin with"
"Handel's lost Hamburg operas In 1703, the 18-year-old composer George Frideric Handel took up residence in Hamburg, Germany, where he remained until 1706. During this period he composed four operas, only the first of which, ""Almira"", has survived more or less intact. Of the other three, the music for ""Nero"" is lost, while only short orchestral excerpts from ""Florindo"" and ""Daphne"" survive. Handel was born and grew up in Halle, where he received his early musical education and became an accomplished organist. In Hamburg he obtained employment as a violinist at the Oper am Gänsemarkt, the city's famous opera house."
"Clamor Heinrich Abel Clamor Heinrich Abel (1634 – 25 July 1696) was a German composer, violinist and organist. Abel was born in Hünnefeld, Westphalia, Germany. He worked as a court musician in Köthen, an organist in Celle and from 1666, as a ducal chamber musician in Hanover. From 1694, he was ""Obermusicus"" in Bremen and he remained at this post until his death at Bremen in 1696. Among his best-known works are compositions for string orchestra and chamber music. He composed a collection of 59 individual works under the title ""Erstlinge musikalischer Blumen"". They included works for four instruments and"
"and 1970, staged by Oscar Fritz Schuh and conducted by Wolfgang Sawallisch; 1974 staged by Strehler and conducted by Karajan, and Valzacchi in Richard Strauss' ""Der Rosenkavalier"" (1969, staged by Rudolf Hartmann, designed by Teo Otto, and conducted by Karl Böhm). He occasionally played Mime, for example in La Scala's 1975 production staged by Luca Ronconi, designed by Pier Luigi Pizzi, and conducted by Sawallisch. His other commercial recordings include the Otto Klemperer recording of ""The Magic Flute"" (1963), as Monastatos, and the Georg Solti Decca recording of ""Elektra"". Gerhard Unger Gerhard Unger (November 26, 1916 – July 4, 2011)"
"Heinrich Schütz Heinrich Schütz (; – 6 November 1672) was a German composer and organist, generally regarded as the most important German composer before Johann Sebastian Bach, as well as one of the most important composers of the 17th century. He wrote what is traditionally considered to be the first German opera, ""Dafne"", performed at Torgau in 1627, the music of which has since been lost. He is commemorated as a musician in the Calendar of Saints of some North American Lutheran churches on 28 July with Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel. Schütz was born in Köstritz, the"
"Elektra (opera) Elektra, Op. 58, is a one-act opera by Richard Strauss, to a German-language libretto by Hugo von Hofmannsthal, which he adapted from his 1903 drama ""Elektra"". The opera was the first of many collaborations between Strauss and Hofmannsthal. It was first performed at the Königliches Opernhaus on 25 January 1909. It was dedicated to his friends Natalie and Willy Levin. While based on ancient Greek mythology, the opera is highly modernist and expressionist. Hofmannsthal and Strauss's adaptation of the story focuses tightly on Elektra, thoroughly developing her character by single-mindedly expressing her emotions and psychology as she meets"
"Johann Theile Johann Theile (29 July 1646 – 24 June 1724) was a German composer of the Baroque era, famous for the opera ""Adam und Eva, Der erschaffene, gefallene und aufgerichtete Mensch"", first performed in Hamburg on 2 January 1678. After studying law in Leipzig and Halle, Theile took instruction in composition in Weißenfels. His teacher there was the great Heinrich Schütz, the most prominent German composer of the 17th century. Theile is believed to have been one of his last pupils, and is considered one of the most gifted among them. Between 1673 and 1675 he held the position"
"theorist in musical pedagogy. Theile taught Johann Mattheson. Dietrich Buxtehude was his most important pupil (despite having been nine years older and having pre-deceased him by more than a decade). Johann Theile Johann Theile (29 July 1646 – 24 June 1724) was a German composer of the Baroque era, famous for the opera ""Adam und Eva, Der erschaffene, gefallene und aufgerichtete Mensch"", first performed in Hamburg on 2 January 1678. After studying law in Leipzig and Halle, Theile took instruction in composition in Weißenfels. His teacher there was the great Heinrich Schütz, the most prominent German composer of the 17th"