"color in Chinese. The Russian language also distinguishes between red (красный, krasniy) and pink (розовый, rozoviy). Similarly English descriptions of rainbows have often distinguished between blue or turquoise and indigo, the latter of which is often described as dark blue or ultramarine. The Serbo-Croatian color system makes a distinction between blue, green and black: ""Modra"" may also mean dark purple and is used to describe a bruise, ""modrica"". Native speakers cannot pinpoint a color on the spectrum which would correspond to ""modra"". ""Sinje"", analogue to Bulgarian синьо, ""sinyo""/Russian синий, ""siniy"", is archaic, and denotes blue-gray, usually used to describe dark"
"French gem merchant Jean-Baptiste Tavernier. Its last owner was famed jeweler Harry Winston before he donated it to the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. Colorless (“White”) diamonds have remained the most popular type of diamond through the millennia, but the existence of this blue diamond so long ago affirms the reality of the demand for fancy color diamonds over the years. In gemology, color is divided into three components: ""hue"", ""saturation"" and ""tone"". Blue diamonds occur in hues ranging from green-blue to gray-blue, with the primary hue necessarily being blue. Green and gray are the normal"
"and J. D. Whitney in 1847. Chlorastrolite, also known as greenstone, is the official state gem of Michigan. Chlorastrolite Chlorastrolite also known as ""Isle Royale Greenstone,"" is a green or bluish green stone. Chlorastrolite has finely radiating or stellate (for examples, see crystal habits) masses that have a ""turtleback"" pattern. The stellate masses tend to be chatoyant, meaning they have a varying luster. This chatoyancy can be subtranslucent to opaque. Cholorastrolite is a variety of pumpellyite: Ca(Mg,Fe)Al(SiO)(SiO)(OH)·HO. Chlorastrolite was once thought to be an impure variety of prehnite or thomsonite. Chlorastrolite occurs as amygdaloid structures and fracture fillings in basalt,"
"the Native American style, or as tumbled or roughly hewn beads in chunky necklaces. Lesser material may be carved into fetishes, such as those crafted by the Zuni. While strong sky blues remain superior in value, mottled green and yellowish material is popular with artisans. In many cultures of the Old and New Worlds, this gemstone has been esteemed for thousands of years as a holy stone, a bringer of good fortune or a talisman. The oldest evidence for this claim was found in Ancient Egypt, where grave furnishings with turquoise inlay were discovered, dating from approximately 3000 BCE. In"
"shattuckite, ajoite and baryte in Arizona, and with quartz, native copper and ajoite in South Africa. Its bright blue color is the mineral's most notable characteristic. It is used as a gemstone. <br> Papagoite Papagoite is a rare cyclosilicate mineral. Chemically, it is a calcium copper aluminium silicate hydroxide, found as a secondary mineral on slip surfaces and in altered granodiorite veins, either in massive form or as microscopic crystals that may form spherical aggregates. Its chemical formula is CaCuAlSiO(OH). It was discovered in 1960 in Ajo, Arizona, US, and was named after the Sand Papago peoples (now named Hia"
"Dome Rock Mountains of La Paz County, Arizona, Stockdale, Riley County, Kansas; Cortlandt, New York; and Clay County, North Carolina. Sapphirine Sapphirine is a rare mineral, a silicate of magnesium and aluminium with the chemical formula (Mg,Al)(Al,Si)O (with iron as a major impurity). Named for its sapphire-like colour, sapphirine is primarily of interest to researchers and collectors: well-formed crystals are treasured and occasionally cut into gemstones. Sapphirine has also been synthesized for experimental purposes via a hydrothermal process. Typical colours range from light to dark sapphire blue, bluish to brownish green, green, and bluish or greenish gray to black; less"
"owing to its unique hue. In many cultures of the Old and New Worlds, this gemstone has been esteemed for thousands of years as a holy stone, a bringer of good fortune or a talisman. The oldest evidence for this claim was found in ancient Egypt, where grave furnishings with turquoise inlay were discovered, dating from approximately 3000 BC. In the ancient Persian Empire, the sky-blue gemstones were earlier worn round the neck or wrist as protection against unnatural death. If they changed color, the wearer was thought to have reason to fear the approach of doom. Meanwhile, it has"
"thought to be stable and fairly durable. Often referred to as ""Egyptian turquoise"", Sinai material is typically the most translucent, and under magnification its surface structure is revealed to be peppered with dark blue discs not seen in material from other localities. The Southwest United States is a significant source of turquoise; Arizona, California (San Bernardino, Imperial, Inyo counties), Colorado (Conejos, El Paso, Lake, Saguache counties), New Mexico (Eddy, Grant, Otero, Santa Fe counties) and Nevada (Clark, Elko, Esmeralda County, Eureka, Lander, Mineral County and Nye counties) are (or were) especially rich. The deposits of California and New Mexico were"
"of America, while its sister the Ocean Dream is valued at over $10 million. Ocean Paradise Diamond The Ocean Paradise is a diamond measuring 1.6 carats (0.32 g) after polish and was discovered in Brazil and currently owned by the Nahshonov Group. When discovered, it measured 6.43 carats (1.29 g). The Ocean Paradise is the second and one of the only natural diamonds known to the GIA to possess a blue-green hue (the first being the Ocean Dream Diamond owned by the Cora Diamond Corp., found in Central Africa), making it one of the rarest diamonds in the world. The"
"unique mineral composition. Bluebellite was discovered within the D-shaft of the Bluebell mine in the Mojave Desert, California. The surrounding rock was composed of very siliceous hornfels along with murdochite, calcite, fluorite, and hemimorphite. This new mineral was discovered along with mojaveite within the Blue Bell area. Bluebellite has a adamantine luster and has an overall bright bluish-green color. This sometimes has a dull appearance because of the roughness of the surface. It is very soft, a 1 on the Mohs hardness scale. Bluebellite has a pale blueish-green streak and has an uneven fracture. It has perfect cleavage along the"
"long been rumored to carry a curse, possibly due to agents trying to arouse interest in the stone. It was last reported to be insured for $250 million. The Hope Diamond, also known as Le Bijou du Roi (""the King's Jewel""), Le bleu de France (""France's Blue""), and the Tavernier Blue, is a large, , deep-blue diamond, and now housed in the National Gem and Mineral collection at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. It is blue to the naked eye because of trace amounts of boron within its crystal structure, and exhibits a red phosphorescence under"
"Celestine (mineral) Celestine or celestite is a mineral consisting of strontium sulfate (SrSO). The mineral is named for its occasional delicate blue color. Celestine and the carbonate mineral strontianite are the principal sources of the element strontium, commonly used in fireworks and in various metal alloys. Celestine derives its name from the Latin word ""caelestis"" meaning celestial, which in turn is derived from the Latin word ""caelum"" meaning sky or heaven. Celestine occurs as crystals, and also in compact massive and fibrous forms. It is mostly found in sedimentary rocks, often associated with the minerals gypsum, anhydrite, and halite. The"
"U.S., and is named from the Greek, gymnos meaning bare or naked. In 1965, the California Legislature designated serpentine (the mineral) as “the official State Rock and lithologic emblem.” Serpentine subgroup The serpentine subgroup (part of the kaolinite-serpentine group) are greenish, brownish, or spotted minerals commonly found in serpentinite rocks. They are used as a source of magnesium and asbestos, and as a decorative stone. The name is thought to come from the greenish color being that of a serpent. The serpentine group describes a group of common rock-forming hydrous magnesium iron phyllosilicate ((, )) minerals, resulting from the metamorphism"
"The Siletz Tribe in Oregon), Black onyx, Bone, Bear fetish (Pipestone), Bamboo Coral, Blue shell, Cornelian Agate, Citrene, Coral (Italian), Carved Wood, Bone, Peridot, Iolite, Eilot, Emerald, Fluorite, Goldstone, Garnet, Green Onyx, Green Pearl, Green Tourmaline, Hematite, Hassonite Garnet, Iolite, Jade (carved Buddha from VietNam), Jasper, Jet, kynite, Lapis Lazuli, Lemon Citrene, Labradorite, Mother-of-pearl carved fetishes, Malachite, Moonstone, Peridot, Pearls (white, grey, green, red, brown), Quartz crystal, Rutillated quartz, Rainbow Moonstone, Rubellite, Rose Quartz, Spectralite, Sodolite, Scarab (from Egypt), Sapphire, Soapstone, Smokey Quartz, Tourquoise, Tourmaline, Tiger Eye, Vasuvialite, Watermelon Tourmaline, Yellow onyx The International Peace Belt relies on caretakers and"
"the Florida State Gemstone; it was designated as such in 1970 to commemorate the Moon landings, which took off from Kennedy Space Center. Despite it being the Florida State Gemstone, it does not naturally occur in the state. Moonstone (gemstone) Moonstone is a sodium potassium aluminium silicate ((Na,K)AlSiO) of the feldspar group that displays a pearly and opalescent schiller. An alternative name is ""hecatolite"". Its name is derived from a visual effect, sheen or schiller (play of color), caused by light diffraction within a micro-structure consisting of regular exsolution layers (lamellae) of different alkali feldspars (orthoclase and sodium-rich plagioclase). Moonstone"
"Brazil, and China. Some material labeled ""unakite"" lacks the feldspar and is more properly called epidosite, and is also used as beads and cabochons. R. V. Dietrich ""Gemrocks: Unakite"" Unakite Unakite is an altered granite composed of pink orthoclase feldspar, green epidote, and generally colorless quartz. It was first discovered in the United States in the Unakas mountains of North Carolina from which it gets its name. Unakite exists in various shades of green and pink and is usually mottled in appearance. A good quality unakite is considered a semiprecious stone; it will take a good polish and is often"
"many parts of the country to visit family and friends and to enjoy the festivities. Manassa turquoise is mined east of Manassa. It is known for its blue-green to green color with a golden or brown, non-webbed matrix. The Manassa mine is still in production and owned by the King family, thus the alternate name sometimes used for this turquoise. This stone is a favorite of many; the beautiful green color is very striking, excellent when used in gold. This site, originally mined by Ancestral Pueblo peoples, was rediscovered in 1890 by gold prospector I.P. King, and his descendants still"
"from this quarry is considered the softest stone available. Blue pipestone – is used predominantly by the Plains Tribes for certain types of ceremonial pipes. Deposits of the stone are found in South Dakota. Bluestone – a hard, greenish-blue quartzite stone from the southern Appalachian Mountains. After being worked, it takes on a decidedly greenish cast. This stone has been used by several Eastern Woodlands tribes for pipemaking. Several ancient Mississippian culture bluestone pipes have been excavated. Salmon alabaster – the Uncompahgre Ute People make ceremonial pipes from salmon alabaster mined in central Colorado. Green pipestone – A white on"
"more common than turquoise, its wide availability, and vivid, beautiful blue and blue-green colors, chrysocolla has been popular for use as a gemstone for carvings and ornamental use since antiquity. It is often used in silversmithing and goldsmithing in place of turquoise and is relatively easy to work and shape. Chrysocolla exhibits a wide range of Mohs hardness ranging from 2 through 7, which is dependent on the amount of silica incorporated into the stone when it is forming. Generally, dark navy blue chrysocolla is too soft to be used in jewelry, while cyan, green, and blue green chrysocolla can"
"Glauconite is authigenic and highly mature. The high concentration of this mineral is related to a depositional environment with a low sedimentation rate. The glauconitic siltstone has resulted from a high level flooding event in the Bambuí Basin. The sedimentary provenance is from supracrustal felsic elements on continental margin environment with acid magmatic arc (foreland basin). Glauconite Glauconite is an iron potassium phyllosilicate (mica group) mineral of characteristic green color with very low weathering resistance and very friable. It crystallizes with a monoclinic geometry. Its name is derived from the Greek ""glaucos"" (""γλαυκος"") meaning 'blue', referring to the common blue-green"
"a gemstone. Wavellite Wavellite is a phosphate mineral with formula Al(PO)(OH, F)·5HO. It normally occurs as translucent green radial or spherical clusters. It was first described in 1805 for an occurrence at High Down, Filleigh, Devon, England and named for William Wavell of England who brought the mineral to the attention of the Scientific community. It occurs in association with crandallite and variscite in fractures in aluminous metamorphic rock, in hydrothermal regions and in phosphate rock deposits. It is found in a wide variety of locations notably in the Mount Ida, Arkansas area in the Ouachita Mountains. It is sometimes"
"weighed more than 24,000 carats, and was discovered in Wyoming, US. Another name for blue iolite is steinheilite, after Fabian Steinheil, the Russian military governor of Finland who observed that it was a different mineral from quartz. Praseolite is another iolite variety which results from heat treatment. It should not be confused with prasiolite. Cordierite """"Praseolite"" redirects here. For the green variety of quartz see prasiolite."" Cordierite (mineralogy) or iolite (gemology) is a magnesium iron aluminium cyclosilicate. Iron is almost always present and a solid solution exists between Mg-rich cordierite and Fe-rich sekaninaite with a series formula: (,)() to (,)()."
"Sweden, small brilliant and translucent crystals (pajsbergite) and cleavage masses occur. Fowlerite occurs as large, rough crystals, somewhat resembling pink feldspar, with franklinite and zinc ores in granular limestone at Franklin Furnace in New Jersey. Rhodonite is the official gemstone of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Rhodonite Rhodonite is a manganese inosilicate, (Mn, Fe, Mg, Ca)SiO and member of the pyroxenoid group of minerals, crystallizing in the triclinic system. It commonly occurs as cleavable to compact masses with a rose-red color (the name comes from the Greek ῥόδος ""rhodos"", rosy), often tending to brown because of surface oxidation. Rhodonite crystals often"
"(being the most common of the gem garnets). Almandine occurs in metamorphic rocks like mica schists, associated with minerals such as staurolite, kyanite, andalusite, and others. Almandine has nicknames of Oriental garnet, almandine ruby, and carbuncle. Pyrope (from the Greek ""pyrōpós"" meaning ""fire-eyed"") is red in color and chemically an aluminium silicate with the formula MgAl(SiO), though the magnesium can be replaced in part by calcium and ferrous iron. The color of pyrope varies from deep red to black. Pyrope and spessartine gemstones have been recovered from the Sloan diamondiferous kimberlites in Colorado, from the Bishop Conglomerate and in a"
"孔雀石 (lit. ""peacock stone"") or ""shílǜ"" 石綠 (lit. ""stone green""). Comparing blue-green stones that were known in early East Asia, Schafer disqualified several conceivable identities; demantoid garnet and green tourmaline are rarely of gem quality, while neither apple-green chrysoprase nor light greenish-blue turquoise typically have dark hues. This leaves malachite, This handsome green carbonate of copper has important credentials. It is often found in copper mines, and is therefore regularly at the disposal of copper- and bronze-producing peoples. It has, in certain varieties, a lovely silky luster, caused by its fibrous structure. It is soft and easily cut. It takes"
"as gemstones. The gemstone varieties occur in shades of green, red, yellow, and orange. In the US it is known as the birthstone for January. It is the state mineral of Connecticut, New York's gemstone, and star garnet (garnet with rutile asterisms) is the state gemstone of Idaho. Garnet sand is a good abrasive, and a common replacement for silica sand in sand blasting. Alluvial garnet grains which are rounder are more suitable for such blasting treatments. Mixed with very high pressure water, garnet is used to cut steel and other materials in water jets. For water jet cutting, garnet"
"intensely green, translucent varieties, though traditionally white has been considered the most valuable of the jades by the Chinese. Other colors, like ""Olmec blue"" jade, which is characterized by its deep blue-green, translucent hue with white flecking, are also becoming more highly valued because of its unique beauty and historical use by the Mesoamerican Olmec and also in Costa Rica; however, this variety was only recently rediscovered and is only being minimally exploited by native Guatemalans. It is thus difficult to obtain and as yet too rare and little known to have attained great value as a gemstone. The commercial"
"notable occurrence is the old Mammoth-Saint Anthony Mine near Mammoth, Arizona where small crystals that make fine micromount specimens are found. In addition, many small, pale-green colored crystals of dioptase have come from the Christmas Mine near Hayden, Arizona. Another classic locality for fine specimens is Renéville, Congo-Brazzaville. Finally, an interesting occurrence is the Malpaso Quarry in and near Agua de Oro Argentina. Here tiny bluish-green dioptase is found on and in quartz. It appears at this occurrence, dioptase is primary and has crystallized with quartz, native copper, and malachite. Dioptase is popular with mineral collectors and it is occasionally"
"and calcium carbonate, which are often derived either from dissolution or from alteration of the sand after it was buried. Colors will usually be tan or yellow (from a blend of the clear quartz with the dark amber feldspar content of the sand). A predominant additional colourant in the southwestern United States is iron oxide, which imparts reddish tints ranging from pink to dark red (terracotta), with additional manganese imparting a purplish hue. Red sandstones are also seen in the Southwest and West of Britain, as well as central Europe and Mongolia. The regularity of the latter favours use as"
"Turquoise Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula CuAl(PO)(OH)·4HO. It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone and ornamental stone for thousands of years owing to its unique hue. In recent times, turquoise has been devalued, like most other opaque gems, by the introduction onto the market of treatments, imitations and synthetics. The gemstone has been known by many names. Pliny the Elder referred to the mineral as ""callais"" (from Ancient Greek ) and the Aztecs knew it as ""chalchihuitl"". The"
"DC, United States, where it was displayed in the Harry Winston pavilion next to the largest blue diamond in the world, the Hope Diamond. The stone's unique apple green color is due to natural exposure to radioactive materials, as the irradiation of diamonds can produce changes in color. The Dresden Green Diamond has been used to compare natural versus lab-produced green diamonds — it is hoped that it can be used to devise a test to differentiate between naturally green diamonds, which are quite rare, and lab-produced ones. Dresden Green Diamond The Dresden Green Diamond, also known as ""Dresden Green"","
"due to its green-colored appearance. Natural prasiolite is a very light, translucent green. Darker green quartz is generally the result of artificial treatment. Prasiolite Prasiolite (also known as green quartz or vermarine) is a green variety of quartz, a silicate mineral chemically silicon dioxide. Since 1950, almost all natural prasiolite has come from a small Brazilian mine, but it is also seen in Lower Silesia in Poland. Naturally occurring prasiolite is also found in the Thunder Bay area of Canada. Most prasiolite sold is used in jewellery settings, where it can substitute for far more expensive precious gemstones. It is"
"was given the name, ""hexagonite,"" because its crystal structure was believed at one time to be hexagonal. Since then, however, it has been found to be monoclinic. The mineral is found primarily in the Balmat-Edwards zinc district of Edwards, St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. It was also found in the Czech Republic in the Chýnov caves. Hexagonite Hexagonite is the red to pink, lilac to purple ""manganoan"" variety of tremolite. A rare amphibole, it can be transparent, translucent, and rarely opaque. Hexagonite is pleochroic, potentially displaying varying shades of blue, violet, purple, or red. It is also known"