"Adjustable spanner An adjustable spanner (UK, and most other English-speaking countries) or adjustable wrench (US and Canada) is an open-end wrench with a movable jaw, allowing it to be used with different sizes of fastener head (nut, bolt, etc.) rather than just one fastener size, as with a conventional fixed spanner. Several other names are in use, including casually imprecise use of a US trademark as crescent wrench. English engineer Richard Clyburn is credited with inventing an adjustable spanner in 1842. Another English engineer, Edwin Beard Budding, is also credited with the invention. Improvements followed: on 22 September 1885 Enoch"
"at right angles to the handle shown here as an ""English Key"" is mainly called a ""King Dick"" spanner in the United Kingdom because of a popular British brand of small, handy and reliable adjustable spanner used throughout the 1900s and used in great numbers during World War II. A popular type of adjustable spanner has a base and jaws that form four (4) sides of a hexagon, and is therefore particularly suited for hexagonal nuts (""hex nuts"") and hexagonal headed (""hex head"") cap screws and bolts. In the United States and Canada, the adjustable spanner (adjustable wrench) is sometimes"
"Wrench A wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—or keep them from turning. In Commonwealth English (excluding Canada), ""spanner"" is the standard term. The most common shapes are called ""open-ended spanner"" and ""ring spanner"". The term ""wrench"" is generally used for tools that turn non-fastening devices (e.g. tap wrench and pipe wrench), or may be used for a monkey wrench - an adjustable pipe wrench. In North American English, ""wrench"" is the standard term. The most common shapes are called ""open-end"
"wrench"" and ""box-end wrench"". In American English, ""spanner"" refers to a specialised wrench with a series of pins or tabs around the circumference. (These pins or tabs fit into the holes or notches cut into the object to be turned.) In American commerce, such a wrench may be called a ""spanner wrench"" to distinguish it from the British sense of ""spanner"". Higher quality wrenches are typically made from chromium-vanadium alloy tool steels and are often drop-forged. They are frequently chrome-plated to resist corrosion and for ease of cleaning. Hinged tools, such as pliers or tongs, are not generally considered wrenches"
"In Zimbabwe it was usually known by an Anglicized version of the Afrikaans name, ""bobbiejohn spanner"". In the United Kingdom these wrenches are often described by their size, i.e. 18"" wrenches are known as ""18s"", or by the general name of ""Stillies/stills"". In Northern Mexico [Baja California and Sonora]these wrenches are known as stillson. The pipe wrench is a famous melee weapon in BioShock and many other video games. Pipe wrench A pipe wrench is any of several types of wrench that are designed to turn threaded pipe and pipe fittings for assembly (tightening) or disassembly (loosening). Especially in North"
"a parent or guardian. In North America, the word ""spanking"" has often been used as a synonym for an official paddling in school, and sometimes even as a euphemism for the formal corporal punishment of adults in an institution. In British English, most dictionaries define ""spanking"" as being given only with the open hand. In American English, dictionaries define spanking as being administered with either the open hand or an implement such as a paddle. Thus, the standard form of corporal punishment in US schools (use of a paddle) is often referred to as a ""spanking"". In the United Kingdom,"
"the opposite direction. In the US this is called a ""planer–thicknesser"" or ""over-and-under"". ""Planer"" is the normal term in the UK and Australia for what is called a ""jointer"" in North America, where the former term refers exclusively to a thickness planer. Jointer A jointer or in some configurations, a jointer-planer (also known in the UK and Australia as a planer or surface planer, and sometimes also as a buzzer or flat top) is a woodworking machine used to produce a flat surface along a board's length. As a jointer, the machine operates on the narrow edge of boards, preparing"
"Harris received US patent 326868 for his spanner that permitted both the jaw width and the angle of the handles to be adjusted and locked. Swedish company Bahco attributes an improved design, in 1891 or 1892, to Swedish inventor Johan Petter Johansson. who in 1892 received a patent Johansson's spanner was a further development of Clyburn's original ""screw spanner"". In Canada and the United States, the tool is known as a Crescent wrench or an adjustable wrench. There are many forms of adjustable spanners, from the taper locking spanners which needed a hammer to set the movable jaw to the"
"briefly used commercially for a branded type of spinnaker. Spanker (sail) A spanker is either of two kinds of sail. On a square rigged ship, the spanker is a gaff-rigged fore-and-aft sail set from and aft of the aftmost mast. Almost all square rigs with more than one mast have one or two spankers, which evolved from the driver sail. Some also carry a triangular topsail above the uppermost or only spanker, between the gaff and the mast, called the gaff sail. A spanker in this situation is often 'soft footed' in that it has no boom to which it"
"the nomenclature for other styles in different dialects can be quite confusing. In British English, a sweater may also be called a pullover, jumper or jersey. In the United States however, ""jumper"" refers to a style of women's sleeveless dress, worn over a blouse or shirt, and ""jersey"" refers to a knit shirt, especially if part of an athletic uniform. If sleeveless, such a garment may be called a ""slipover"" or ""tank top"" in British English, while ""tank top"" in US English refers to a sleeveless shirt or undershirt. In the U.S. a sleeveless sweater may also be called a"
"Spic and Span Spic and Span is a major U.S. brand of all-purpose household cleaner. In the United States, the cleaning product is called Spic 'n' Span. The product is owned by Prestige Brands, which markets it for consumer use. Former owner Procter & Gamble markets Spic and Span for commercial use. The phrase ""span-new"" meant as new as a freshly cut wood chip, such as those once used to make spoons. In a metaphor dating from at least 1300, something span-new was neat and unstained. Spick was added in the 16th century, as a spick (a spike or nail)"
"Spanner was the name of an operation carried out by police in the United Kingdom city of Manchester in 1987, as a result of which a group of homosexual men were convicted of assault occasioning actual bodily harm for their involvement in consensual sadomasochism over a ten-year period. The resulting House of Lords case (""R v Brown"", colloquially known as ""the Spanner case"") ruled that consent was not a valid legal defence for wounding and actual bodily harm in the UK, except as a foreseeable incident of a lawful activity in which the person injured was participating, e.g. surgery. Following"
"Podger spanner A Podger spanner, or Podger is a tool in the form of a short bar, usually tapered and often incorporating a wrench at one end. Podgers are used for erecting scaffolding and steel scenery - The pointed end is used to align the bolt holes while the spanner end is used to tighten the nuts. Some podgers are fitted with reversible ratchet sockets for tightening/loosening nuts. Often they come with two sizes such as a 17mm x 19mm or a 19mm x 24mm and a 27mm x 30mm. Often a podger has a hole in the wrench shaft"
"Operation Spanner Operation Spanner was the name of an operation carried out by police in the United Kingdom city of Manchester in 1987, as a result of which a group of homosexual men were convicted of assault occasioning actual bodily harm for their involvement in consensual sadomasochism over a ten-year period. The resulting House of Lords case (""R v Brown"", colloquially known as ""the Spanner case"") ruled that consent was not a valid legal defence for wounding and actual bodily harm in the UK, except as a foreseeable incident of a lawful activity in which the person injured was participating,"
"the spear or slice. This is a popular dish in the southern US, and a rising trend elsewhere in the US. In Russia and Ukraine, pickles are used in rassolnik: a traditional soup made from pickled cucumbers, pearl barley, pork or beef kidneys, and various herbs. The dish is known to have existed as far back as the 15th century, when it was called kalya. In southern England, large gherkins pickled in vinegar are served as an accompaniment to fish and chips, and are sold from big jars on the counter at a fish and chip shop, along with pickled"
"Crowbar (tool) A crowbar, also called a wrecking bar, pry bar or prybar, pinch-bar, or occasionally a prise bar or prisebar, colloquially, in Britain and Australia sometimes called a jimmy (also called jimmy bar or jemmy), gooseneck, or pig foot, is a tool consisting of a metal bar with a single curved end and flattened points, often with a small fissure on one or both ends for removing nails. It is also a class 1 lever. In Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, and Australia, due to the influence of American media ""crowbar"" may occasionally be used loosely for this tool, but"
"colloquially referred to as a ""crescent wrench"" due to the widespread Crescent brand of adjustable wrenches; the former Crescent Tool Company was the assignee of the 1915 U.S. patent for the most familiar form factor of adjustable wrench. The Crescent brand of hand tools is now owned and marketed by Apex Tool Group, LLC. In some parts of Europe, adjustable spanners are often called a Bahco. This term refers to the company of the Swedish inventor Johan Petter Johansson, which was originally called B.A. (Bernt August) Hjort & Company. The Swedes themselves call the key ""skiftnyckel"" which is translated into"
"etically similar in function to wrenches. Size is usually designated by dimensions such as across-flats distance (inscribed-hexagon size). In the 19th and early 20th centuries, it had been common to define the nominal size of the wrench according to the nominal size of the ""screw thread"" that it was meant to be used with. Modern practice uses a size designation based on across-flats distance, whether measured in metric or in inch units. Wrench A wrench or spanner is a tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage in applying torque to turn objects—usually rotary fasteners, such as nuts and bolts—or"
"or ""streaky rashers"". Bacon made from the meat on the back of the pig is referred to as ""back bacon"" and is part of traditional full breakfast commonly eaten in Britain and Ireland. In the United States, back bacon may also be referred to as ""Canadian-style Bacon"" or ""Canadian Bacon"". The USDA defines bacon as ""the cured belly of a swine carcass"", while other cuts and characteristics must be separately qualified (e.g. ""smoked pork loin bacon""). ""USDA Certified"" bacon means that it has been treated for ""Trichinella"". The canned meat Spam is made of chopped pork shoulder meat and ham."
"onions. In the Cockney dialect of London, this type of gherkin is called a ""wally"". The term ""pickle"" is derived from the Dutch word ""pekel"", meaning ""brine"". In the United States and Canada, the word ""pickle"" alone almost always refers to a pickled cucumber (other types of pickles will be described as ""pickled onion"", ""pickled beets"", etc.). In the UK ""pickle"" generally refers to ploughman's pickle made from various vegetables, such as Branston pickle, traditionally served with a ploughman's lunch. Pickled cucumber A pickled cucumber (commonly known as a pickle in the United States and Canada and a gherkin in"
"Spanker (sail) A spanker is either of two kinds of sail. On a square rigged ship, the spanker is a gaff-rigged fore-and-aft sail set from and aft of the aftmost mast. Almost all square rigs with more than one mast have one or two spankers, which evolved from the driver sail. Some also carry a triangular topsail above the uppermost or only spanker, between the gaff and the mast, called the gaff sail. A spanker in this situation is often 'soft footed' in that it has no boom to which it is attached at its foot. The term was also"
"and parts of Canada. The British English equivalent of ""sneaker"" in its modern form is ""trainer"". In some urban areas in the United States, the slang for sneakers is kicks. Other terms include training shoes or trainers (Britain), sandshoes, gym boots or joggers (Geordie English in the UK), running shoes, runners or gutties (Canada, Australia and Scotland), daps in Wales, runners in Hiberno-English, sneakers (North America) and (Australia), tennis shoes (North American and Australia), gym shoes, tennies, sports shoes, sneaks, takkies (South Africa and Hiberno-English), rubber shoes (Philippine English) or canvas shoes (Nigeria). Plimsolls (British English) are ""low tech"" athletic"
"Spandex Spandex, Lycra or elastane is a synthetic fiber known for its exceptional elasticity. It is a polyether-polyurea copolymer that was invented in 1958 by chemist Joseph Shivers at DuPont's Benger Laboratory in Waynesboro, Virginia. The name ""spandex"" is an anagram of the word ""expands"". It is the preferred name in North America; in continental Europe it is referred to by variants of ""elastane"", i.e. ""élasthanne"" (France), ""Elastan"" (Germany, Sweden), ""elastano"" (Spain), ""elastam"" (Italy) and ""elastaan"" (Netherlands), and is known in the UK, Ireland, Portugal, Spain, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, New Zealand and Israel primarily as Lycra. Brand names for spandex"
"Suspenders Suspenders (American English, Canadian English) or braces (British English, Australian English) are fabric or leather straps worn over the shoulders to hold up trousers. The straps may be elasticated, either entirely or only at attachment ends, and most straps are of woven cloth forming an X or Y shape at the back. Suspenders are typically attached to trousers with clips or buttons using leather tabs at the ends. Outside the United States the term ""suspenders"", or ""suspender belt,"" refers to a garment used to hold up stockings. This is called a garter belt in American English. There have been"
"Split pin A split pin, also known in the United States as a cotter pin or cotter key, is a metal fastener with two tines that are bent during installation, similar to a staple or rivet. Typically made of thick wire with a half-circular cross section, split pins come in multiple sizes and types. The British definition of ""cotter pin"" is equivalent to U.S. term ""cotter"". To avoid confusion the term split cotter is sometimes used for a split pin. A further use of the term ""cotter pin"" is the ""crank cotter pin"" used to lock bicycle pedal cranks to"
"type that, in Scotland and North America, would be called a pancake and, in England, a Scotch pancake, girdle or griddle cake, or drop scone. A Scottish crumpet is broadly similar to the pikelet of parts of northern England. It is made from the same ingredients as a Scotch pancake, and is about diameter and thick. It is available plain, or as a fruit crumpet with raisins baked in, usually fried in a pan and served with a fried breakfast. It is also sometimes served with butter and jam. The ingredients include a leavening agent, usually baking powder, and different"
"now be called ""dress shorts"", a term that has not gained much currency in Britain. A somewhat similar garment worn by men in Australia is called ""stubbies"". ""Shorts"" is used unqualified in British English to refer to sports shorts, athletic shorts, or casual shorts: the last is nowadays commonplace in warm weather in the UK. The term ""boxer shorts"" was an American coinage for a particular kind of men's underwear, and is now common in Britain. However, boxer shorts are often referred to as ""boxers"" in the USA. The word ""pants"" refers to outerwear (trousers) in American usage (except when"
"Gunge Gunge as it is known in the United Kingdom, or slime as it is known in the United States and most English-speaking areas of the world, is a thick, gooey, yet runny substance with a consistency somewhere between that of paint and custard. It has been a feature on many children's programmes for many years around the world and has made appearances in game shows as well as other programming. While gunge mostly appears on television, it can also be used as a fundraising tool for charities, youth and religious groups. Gunge tanks have appeared at nightclubs and Fun"
"Span (unit) A span is the distance measured by a human hand, from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger. In ancient times, a span was considered to be half a cubit. Sometimes the distinction is made between the great span (thumb to little finger) and little span (index finger to little finger). Ancient Greek texts show that the span was used as a fixed measure in ancient Greece since at least archaic period. The word ""spithame"" (Greek: ""σπιθαμή""), ""span"", is attested in the work of Herodotus in the 5th century BC; however, the span"
"Scotland (2000), and Northern Ireland (2003). There are frequently calls for it to be reinstated, with most polls in the media still showing the majority of the UK public in favour of its use in schools. Slippering A slippering is a term for the act of smacking the buttocks, or the hands, with a slipper as a form of corporal punishment. A slippering on the buttocks is a form of spanking; it is a much more common method than slippering on the hands. The verb ""to slipper"" means ""to give a slippering"". Until at least the 1970s, slippering was widely"
"or processing. Dependent on jurisdiction, rules may prevent any other product being sold with the particular appellation, such as through the European protected geographical indication. Ham is typically used in its sliced form, often as a filling for sandwiches and similar foods, such as in the ham sandwich and ham and cheese sandwich. Other variations include toasted sandwiches such as the croque-monsieur and the Cubano. It is also a popular topping for pizza in the United States. In the United Kingdom, a pork leg cut, either whole or sliced, that has been cured but requires additional cooking is known as"
"strawberries and cream and then puff pastry). In the United Kingdom, the pastry is most often called a ""vanilla slice"", ""cream slice"", or a ""custard slice"", but can, on occasion, be named or ""Napoleon"" on branded products. It is common in the UK to only use two slices of pastry with a single, thick layer of filling between them. In Canada, is often named or ""Napoleon slice"" (in English Canada). It is sold either with custard, whipped cream, or both, between three layers of puff pastry. Almond paste is the most common flavoured variety. There is a French Canadian way"
"called ""saaN"". In Thai, it's called Khuep It's commonly used as traditional and informal measure. In Mongolia, the span is called as ""tuu"" (төө). Depending on the use of index or middle finger and the placement of the thumb, the span is named differently as ""tuu"" (төө) and ""mukhar tuu"" (мухар төө) etc. The old Portuguese customary unit analogue to the span was the ""palmo de craveira"" or simply ""palmo"". Span (unit) A span is the distance measured by a human hand, from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger. In ancient times, a span"