"conspiracy aimed at assassinating King Charles II of England and massacring the Protestants of the British Isles. As a result, more than 22 Catholic clergy and laity were falsely convicted of high treason and executed at Tyburn. The last to be hanged, drawn, and quartered, was Archbishop Oliver Plunkett of Armagh. In 1680, Father Edmund Murphy agreed to testify falsely at the high treason trial of Archbishop Plunkett. When this became known in Armagh, Ensign Smith and Lt. Baker set out to assassinate the priest. Whether they did so at O'Hanlon's orders remains unknown. However, Father Murphy was placed in"
"persecution of Catholics in Ireland was more lenient than usual, owing to the sympathy of the king, until the Popish Plot, a fictitious conspiracy concocted by Titus Oates, between 1678 and 1681 gripped the Kingdoms of England and Scotland in anti-Catholic hysteria. Those caught up in the false allegations included: Irish martyrs suffered over several reigns. There was a long delay in starting the investigations into the causes of the Irish martrys for fear of reprisals. Further complicating the investigation is that the records of these martyrs were destroyed, or not compiled, due to the danger of keeping such evidence."
"County Meath chaired by Archbishop Hugh O'Reilly, the Catholic bishops had pronounced the rebellion to be a ""Holy and Just War. Higgins had been summarily executed as a result. Various churches have been dedicated to the martyrs, including: Irish Catholic Martyrs Irish Catholic Martyrs () were dozens of people who have been sanctified in varying degrees for dying for their Roman Catholic faith between 1537 and 1714 in Ireland. The canonisation of Oliver Plunkett in 1975 brought an awareness of the other men and women who died for the Catholic faith in the 16th and 17th centuries. On 22 September"
"during the Popish Plot, when it was rumoured that Irish Catholics were planning another rebellion with French help. Two Catholic Bishops, Peter Talbot and Oliver Plunkett were arrested. Talbot died in prison and Plunkett was hanged, drawn and quartered. However, within a generation of the Restoration, Ireland was at war again. In the reign of the Catholic King James II of England, Irish Catholics briefly looked like recovering their pre-eminent position in Irish society. James repealed much of the anti-Catholic legislation, allowed Catholics into the Irish Parliament and the Army and appointed a Catholic, Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell,"
"Irish Catholic Martyrs Irish Catholic Martyrs () were dozens of people who have been sanctified in varying degrees for dying for their Roman Catholic faith between 1537 and 1714 in Ireland. The canonisation of Oliver Plunkett in 1975 brought an awareness of the other men and women who died for the Catholic faith in the 16th and 17th centuries. On 22 September 1992 Pope John Paul II proclaimed a representative group from Ireland as martyrs and beatified them. ""Martyr"" was originally a Greek word meaning ""witness"". In the Acts of the Apostles, Peter, speaking to those in Jerusalem at Pentecost,"
"claimed he and all the apostles were ""martyrs"", that is, witnesses, in this case to Jesus's resurrection. Later the word came to mean a person who followed the example of Christ and gave up their lives rather than deny their faith. 12 October 1975 by Pope Paul VI. 15 December 1929 by Pope Pius XI. 22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II. 27 September 1992 by Pope John Paul II. The persecution of Catholics in Ireland in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries came in waves, caused by a reaction to particular incidents or circumstances, with intervals of comparative respite"
"an Irish saint for almost seven hundred years. The strain of overwork took its toll on Cardinal Conway, who contracted cancer late in 1976. He died after a short illness on 17 April 1977. The Requiem Mass was celebrated by the senior suffragan of the Armagh province, Bishop William Philbin assisted by the late Cardinal's two brothers. He is buried in the grounds of St Patrick's Cathedral, Armagh. In a debate in Seanad Éireann after his death tributes were paid to him by members of all parties. One Senator said of him: ""His selection as Cardinal was a source of"
"accusation may have reduced. There were occasional local outbreaks like that in East Lothian in 1678 and 1697 at Paisley. The last recorded executions were in 1706 and the last trial in 1727. The British parliament repealed the 1563 Act in 1736. The numbers of practising Catholics probably continued to reduce in the seventeenth century and the organisation of the Church deteriorated. Some were to convert to Roman Catholicism, as did John Ogilvie (1569–1615), who went on to be ordained a priest in 1610, later being hanged for proselytism in Glasgow and often thought of as the only Scottish Catholic"
"an Act had been passed which made it a capital offence to be a Catholic priest in England. The sentence of hanging, drawing and quartering was carried out at Tyburn, London on 8 October 1586. His fate was shared by two fellow priests, John Lowe and Robert Dibdale, and possibly his own brother, a layman. This latter fact is not certain and the forename is not in any case known. All three priests were beatified (the last stage prior to canonization) by Pope John Paul II on 22 November 1987. John Adams (Catholic martyr) The Blessed John Adams (ca. 1543"
"had made his religious profession. In 1696 he resigned as abbot and returned to England to continue his missionary work. He died in Paddington. He was the author of various pamphlets on the innocence of those condemned for implication in the Popish Plot. A treatise ""Roman Catholick Principles in reference to God and the King"" ran to dozens of editions and caused a controversy among English Catholics in the nineteenth century, over the issue of the accuracy with which it represented Catholic doctrine. It first appeared as a small pamphlet in 1680, and at least two other editions of it"
"revival of persecution during the English Civil War, only two more were executed between 1646 and 1660. Following the Restoration of Charles II, under the tolerant rule of a monarch who was himself inclined to the Catholic religion, the Government was content to periodically issue orders for all priests to leave England, without any real expectation that the orders would be complied with. The statute of 1584 was regarded as effectively a dead letter, until the outbreak of the Popish Plot in the autumn of 1678 led to its unexpected revival. Despite the King's known Catholic sympathies, the public atmosphere"
"theory Scots and Irish priests were exempt from the statute, if they could show that their presence in England was temporary. Even during the Popish Plot, a number of priests were acquitted on that ground, although the Irish Franciscan Father Charles Mahoney was executed in 1679, despite his plea that at the time of his arrest he was passing through England on his way to France. An Irish priest might also be able to plead that he had signed the ""Remonstrance"" of 1671, by which he gave his primary allegiance to the King, not the Pope. Such priests, known as"
"Details of their endurance in most cases have been lost. The first general catalog is that of Father John Houling, S.J., compiled in Portugal between 1588 and 1599. It is styled a very brief abstract of certain persons whom it commemorates as sufferers for the Faith under Elizabeth. After Catholic Emancipation in 1829, the cause for Oliver Plunkett was re-visited. As a result, a series of publications on the whole period of persecutions was made. The first to complete the process was Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop of Armagh, canonized in 1975 by Pope Paul VI. Plunkett was certainly targeted by the"
"to the Popish Plot, he was dismissed within two years, whereupon he returned to his practice at the bar. However, he rapidly returned to favour and was appointed Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench on 11 April 1681. In the same year, he presided over the trumped-up trial of Oliver Plunkett, the Primate of the Catholic Church in Ireland, who was wrongly convicted of treason and executed. To his further discredit, he also sought unsuccessfully to promote the trial for treason of Lord Shaftesbury. He nevertheless managed to retain among his contemporaries a reputation for independence and integrity and"
"archbishop in October 2012 and enthroned on 15 December 2012 at St Patrick's Church of Ireland Cathedral, Armagh. In the Roman Catholic Church, the Archbishop is Eamon Martin, who is the ecclesiastical head of the Roman Catholic Church in Ireland, metropolitan of the Province of Armagh and the ordinary of the Archdiocese of Armagh. He succeeded on 8 September 2014, having been ordained Coadjutor Archbishop of Armagh on 21 April 2013 at St Patrick's Roman Catholic Cathedral, Armagh. In the medieval Irish church, the earliest bishops doubled as abbots, with the bishop becoming the junior of the two positions. From"
"of at least 15 innocent men, opinion began to turn against Oates. The last high-profile victim of the climate of suspicion was Oliver Plunkett, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Armagh, who was hung, drawn and quartered on 1 July 1681. William Scroggs, the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, began to declare more people innocent, as he had done in the Wakeman trial, and a backlash against Oates and his Whig supporters took place. On 31 August 1681, Oates was told to leave his apartments in Whitehall, but he remained undeterred and even denounced the King and his Catholic brother,"
"and on his father-in-law's urging he was made Prime Serjeant in 1675. He was recommended for a seat on the Bench in 1673, and again in 1679, but by then his career had been damaged in the turmoil caused by the Popish Plot. On the outbreak of the Popish Plot, William and his brother John were both accused of Roman Catholic sympathies and summoned to London to give an account of themselves. What basis there was for the accusation is hard to say: the son-in-law of an Anglican Archbishop in the 1670s was most unlikely to be a Roman Catholic,"
"in 1663. He became one of the most successful practitioners at the Irish Bar, and was Recorder of Waterford and Clonmel. In 1665 he was elected to the Irish House of Commons as member for Ardee. In the autumn of 1678 the great wave of anti-Catholic hysteria known as the Popish Plot, sparked by the invention by the informer Titus Oates of a wholly fictitious Jesuit-led conspiracy to murder the King, broke out in England, and the Plot also gained some credence in Ireland. At that time several Irish judges and Law Officers, who were aware of the King's own"
"that took place at dawn on 5 January 1893. At his funeral, attended by people from all of Ireland, there was definite proof of the popular devotion that had surrounded him throughout his life. The Superior of the monastery wrote to his family: ""The people have already declared him a saint."" The cause for Charles' canonization was introduced on 13 November 1935. After the declaration of a miracle attributed to his intercession, on 16 October 1988, Pope John Paul II beatified the man whom everyone called the Saint of Mount Argus. The miracle that led to his canonization was the"
"March 1977 by a group of soldiers. The real cause for this is still undetermined. A cause for canonization was opened at the behest of Pope John Paul II via the Congregation for the Causes of Saints on 20 March 1995. He was granted the posthumous title of Servant of God as a result of the opening. The diocesan process for the late cardinal's beatification spanned from 21 October 1996 and was finished on 14 June 2003. A historical commission was assigned to the cause and completed its work in 2014. The Congregation later validated the diocesan process on 29"
"produced a revival of anti-Catholic feeling which erupted in the Gordon Riots of 1780, in which hundreds died. This reaction may have delayed further relief measures, but by 1791 the Government felt it safe to finally legalise the office of Catholic priest. Under the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1791 the Elizabethan Laws were repealed, and it became lawful, although under strictly controlled conditions, to act as a priest in England and to celebrate Mass. The execution of a Catholic priest under the Act in 1594 became the subject of a court case 401 years later. In 1995 a church applied"
"about 500 martyrs in the years 1987, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1995, 1997 and March 11, 2001. Some 233 executed clergy were beatified by Pope John Paul II on 11 March 2001. Regarding the selection of Candidates, Archbishop ""Edward Novack"" from the""Congregation of Saints"" explained in an interview with L'Osservatore Romano : ""Ideologies such as Nazism or Communism serve as a context of martyrdom, but in the foreground the person stands out with his conduct, and, case by case, it is important that the people among whom the person lived should affirm and recognize his fame as a martyr and"
"Roman rite. Even into the 17th century, John Lloyd, a local priest under the protection of the Turbevilles at Penlline, was arrested and hanged, drawn and quartered on the Heath at Cardiff in 1679 at the height of the hysteria caused by the 'Popish Plot'. The Norman tradition of primogeniture had taken over in Glamorgan, in contrast with traditional Welsh law. In the 1670s, With no sons to inherit, the Carne family lands were divided between two surviving Carne daughters upon their marriages. Colwinston thus became the property of Sir Edward Mansel, 4th Baronet, of Margam when he married Martha"
"The first three were beatified on 22 November 1987 by Pope John Paul II. Abbot was declared a martyr and pronounced Venerable by Pope Leo XIII in 1886. He was beatified in 1929 by Pope Pius XI as part of a group of 137 citizens of England and Wales who met that same fate. Henry Abbot (martyr) Henry Abbot (died 4 July 1597) was an English layman, himself a convert from the Church of England, who was executed at York for the alleged attempt to convert someone to the Catholic Church, which had been declared an act of treason under"
"Abbot, then at liberty, who endeavoured to procure a priest to reconcile him to the Church. When the clergyman had sufficient evidence, Gibson was arrested and, together with Knight and his two comrades, accused of attempting to persuade the clergyman to embrace Catholicism — an act of treason under the English Penal Laws. They were all found guilty, before (with the exception of Abbot, who was executed later) suffering hanging, drawing and quartering at York on 29 November 1596. Gibson was one of the Eighty-five martyrs of England and Wales beatified by Pope John Paul II on 22 November 1987"
"the established (Anglican) church and who became Mayor of Dublin in 1577, she died in 1584 in Dublin Castle. In September 1992 Pope John Paul II beatified Margaret Ball along with 16 other martyrs who had died at the hands of English authorities in Ireland due to their unwillingness to accept the Protestant faith. She is ""Secondary Patroness"" of the Roman Catholic Parish of Ballygall, which includes an oratory to her memory. Ballygall lies within the southern part of ancient Fingal, although the modern county of the same name has its southern boundary a bit further north. Ballygall is divided"
"of popular devotion. The list of names was submitted to Rome in December 1960. Out of 20 candidate cases for recognition as answered prayers (because a miracle is required for canonization) the alleged cure of a young mother from a malignant tumour was selected as the clearest case. Pope Paul VI granted permission for the whole group of 40 names to be recognised as saints on the strength of this one miracle. The canonization ceremony took place in Rome on 25 October 1970. In England, these martyrs were formerly commemorated within the Catholic Church by a feast day on 25"
"the 16th century Protestant martyrs burned at Lewes. In 1981 Ian Paisley visited Lewes on Bonfire Night and tried to fan the flames of conflict by handing out anti-Catholic pamphlets. His intervention back-fired and the following year he was burned in effigy. Today, anti-Catholic attitudes are rare and the militant Calvinism that continues in Northern Ireland is all but extinct in Lewes. In the 21st century, controversy continues to be associated around the Bonfire societies and competing definitions of tradition and bigotry. For instance, the burning in effigy of Pope Paul V was described in 2012 as ""a scandalous piece"
"the Suffragan Bishop of Reading. Eventually, however, John agreed to withdraw in order to avoid division. In 2004, in the aftermath of Robinson's election as bishop, John was installed as Dean of St Albans, the cathedral there being the site of England's first Christian martyr. As a result of the controversy over the ordination of gay bishops and the blessing of same-sex unions, on 15 October 2003, Anglican leaders from around the world met in Lambeth Palace in an attempt to avoid a schism on the issue. The day after, they released a lengthy statement:We must make clear that recent"
"Through influential friends Corker was granted a reprieve (in fact it does not seem that any of the convicted priests were executed, and the aged David Kemiss was allowed to die in prison) and he was detained in Newgate. While thus confined he is said in some reports to have converted more than a thousand Protestants to Catholicism. One of his fellow-prisoners at Newgate was Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop of Armagh, with whom he formed a close friendship, and whom he prepared for his execution, which took place on 15 June 1681. Some correspondence which was carried on in prison between"
"in the aftermath the public practice of Catholicism was banned and Catholic clergy were executed. As a result, it was impossible for Plunkett to return to Ireland for many years. He petitioned to remain in Rome and, in 1657, became a professor of theology. Throughout the period of the Commonwealth and the first years of Charles II's reign, he successfully pleaded the cause of the Irish Catholic Church, and also served as theological professor at the College of Propaganda Fide. At the Congregation of Propaganda Fide on 9 July 1669 he was appointed Archbishop of Armagh, the Irish primatial see,"
"the poor Catholic masses lived. He was ready to condemn all violent efforts for reform, and had no hesitation in denouncing not only all secret societies in Ireland, but also ""our American fellow-subjects, seduced by specious notions of liberty"". This made him unpopular. He was zealous in correcting abuses in his diocese and in promoting education. So well was this recognized at Rome that in 1781, in consequence of some serious troubles which had arisen between the primate and his clergy, Dr. Troy was appointed Administrator of Armagh. This office he held till 1782. Upon the death of Archbishop John"
"early 2008 by suggesting that the Troubles could be officially classified as a ""war"". Relatives of security force victims argued that this would demean the sacrifice of their relatives during the darkest days of the Troubles. Their relatives were often shot when off duty and unable to defend themselves; their opponents were not obeying the rules of war as commonly understood. The Group issued its report in January 2009. Robin Eames Robert ""Robin"" Henry Alexander Eames, Baron Eames, (born 27 April 1936), is an Anglican bishop who served as Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh from 1986 to"