"Secrets of the Titanic Secrets of the Titanic is a documentary, made and filmed over 1985, 1986, and 1987. Produced by the National Geographic Society, it was a ""National Geographic"" Video exclusive, narrated by Martin Sheen, written and produced by Nicolas Noxon consisting of historical photos and footage of the massive steamer being built and launched, the discovery and exploration by Dr. Robert Ballard, and a look inside the wreck, not only the ship itself, but the human story and sinking theories. At the time, young undersea explorer Bob Ballard develops the technology and the U.S. Navy sponsors an expedition."
"the wreckage of in 1986. Launched from her support ship , she carried Dr. Robert Ballard and two companions to the wreckage of the great liner. ""Titanic"" sank in 1912 after striking an iceberg while crossing the North Atlantic Ocean on her maiden voyage. ""Alvin"", accompanied by a small remotely operated vehicle (ROV) named ""Jason Jr."", was able to conduct detailed photographic surveys and inspections of ""Titanic""s wreckage. Many of the photographs of the expedition have been published in the magazine of the National Geographic Society which was a major sponsor of the expedition. The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution team"
"(b. 1943), American oceanographer; United States Antarctic Program (USAP) field team leader for Sea Ice Microbial Communities (SIMCO) studies in McMurdo Sound, 1980–86, 1988, 1989; chief scientist and cruise coordinator for AMERIEZ (Antarctic Marine Ecosystem Research at the Ice Edge Zone) projects in Weddell Sea, Nov–Dec 1983, Feb–Apr 1986, June–July 1988; Professor of Biological Science, Hancock Institute of Marine Studies, Director, 1991–93; Director, Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation, 1993–97. Geographical features include: <section begin=features/> <section end=features/> Sullivan Heights Sullivan Heights () is a compact group of mountains in western Antarctica rising to in Mount Levack centered east-northeast of"
"for the first time in 1989 by Dr. Robert Ballard, who had been known for discovering the Titanic, the Bismarck had been visited but one time since. James Cameron and a crew of historians search out the Bismarck in an attempt to answer many unsolved questions and search for the truth behind what happened to the ship, one of Germany's most powerful forces. With significant technological advancements, a forensics investigation into the Bismarck's wreckage is investigated, giving viewers an inside view to the lives of the soldiers at the time. The film uses revolutionary production techniques and offers high-definition shots"
"EV Nautilus Exploration Vessel (E/V) ""Nautilus"" is a 64-meter research vessel owned by the Ocean Exploration Trust under the direction of Dr. Robert Ballard, the man who is known for finding the wreck of the ""Titanic"" and the German battleship ""Bismarck"". The vessel home port is at the AltaSea facility in San Pedro, CA, at the Port of Los Angeles. E/V Nautilus is on a global mission of exploration. ""Nautilus"" is equipped with a team of remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) ""Hercules"", and ""Argus"", a multibeam mapping system, and mapping tools ""Diana"" and ""Echo"". All of these tools help the Ocean"
"Argo (ROV) Argo is an unmanned deep-towed undersea video camera sled developed by Dr. Robert Ballard through Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute's Deep Submergence Laboratory. ""Argo"" is most famous for its role in the discovery of the wreck of the RMS ""Titanic"" in 1985. Argo would also play the key role in Ballard's discovery of the wreck of the battleship ""Bismarck"" in 1989. The towed sled, capable of operating depths of 6,000 meters (20,000 feet), meant 98% of the ocean floor was within reach. The original Argo, used to find Titanic, was 15 feet long, 3.5 feet tall, and 3.5 feet"
"Ken Marschall Ken Marschall (born October 28, 1950) is an American painter and illustrator notable for his paintings of famous ocean liners, such as the , , and the , and other transportation vessels including the ""Bismarck"", ""LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin"" and ""LZ 129 Hindenburg"". His paintings have been used in many books about the ""Titanic"", most notably his depictions of the sinking, of which no photographs that could be used were taken. Marschall has served as consultant to many works about the ""Titanic"", including James Cameron's ""Ghosts of the Abyss"", as well as Cameron's film of the same name,"
"the worlds leading technical divers, explorers, professors and scientists. During several expeditions to the RMS ""Lusitania"" he accumulated almost ten hours physically on the wreck, building the most extensive collection of images of the wreck to date. He also photographed the liner SS ""Transylvania"", sunk in 135 m/445 ft in the north Atlantic. During 2001 along with fellow members of the deep wreck diving team 'Starfish Enterprise' he took the first images of the lost gold treasure shipwreck the SS ""Egypt"", sunk in deep water off the edge of Biscay (Western Atlantic). Also in 2001 he made the discovery of"
"Robert F. Marx Robert F. Marx (born December 8, 1933) is one of the pioneer American scuba divers and is best known for his work with shipwrecks and sunken treasure. Although he is considered controversial for his frequent and successful forays into treasure hunting, fellow treasure hunter E. Lee Spence describes Marx as the ""true father of underwater archaeology"". Marx became a diving specialist in the United States Marine Corps in 1953. He has since made over 5,000 dives and has authored over 800 reports/articles and 59 books on history, archaeology, shipwrecks and exploration. Marx and his wife, Jenifer, live"
"concurred that thick fog and both ships traveling too fast for conditions was the likely cause of the disaster. The wreck of the ""John M. Osborn"" was discovered in 1984, 100 years after she sank; the discoverers were the Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society [GLSHS] and the Oddessey Foundation of Lansing, Michigan. In 1985, shipwreck historian Frederick Stonehouse wrote, ""Reportedly the ""Osborn"" is nearly intact and a time capsule of an earlier era of Great Lakes maritime history. "" However, Great Lakes diver Steve Harrington reported by 1990, ""The remains of the ""J.M. Osborn"" were discovered in the mid-1980s and"
"RV Knorr RV ""Knorr"" was a research vessel formerly owned by the U.S. Navy and operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for the U.S. research community in coordination with and as a part of the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) fleet. On March 14, 2016, ""Knorr"" was officially transferred to the Mexican Navy and renamed ""Rio Tecolutla"". She was replaced at Woods Hole by the ""RV Neil Armstrong"". ""Knorr"" is best known as the ship that supported researchers in 1985 as they discovered the wreck of the RMS ""Titanic"". R/V ""Knorr"" (AGOR-15) has traveled more than a million miles—the"
"with NOAA, he was involved in the Titanic mapping expedition in 2010 as chief scientist, continued his years of study on the Civil War-era, pearl-diving submersible Sub Marine Explorer, participated in field work while reorganizing and focusing the maritime heritage program, and mentored five high school students from Saginaw, Michigan, for Project Shiphunt. He led the excavation of the Civil War-era blockade running steamer ""Mary Celestia"" in Bermuda, and either led or co-led maritime heritage expeditions in the Alaskan Arctic, in the waters of Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, where the wrecks of SS ""City of Rio de Janeiro"", SS"
"the two-part A&E television specials ""Death of a Dream"" and ""The Legend Lives On"", and the video game """". Ken Marschall Ken Marschall (born October 28, 1950) is an American painter and illustrator notable for his paintings of famous ocean liners, such as the , , and the , and other transportation vessels including the ""Bismarck"", ""LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin"" and ""LZ 129 Hindenburg"". His paintings have been used in many books about the ""Titanic"", most notably his depictions of the sinking, of which no photographs that could be used were taken. Marschall has served as consultant to many works"
"film ""Titanica"". Emory Kristof Emory Kristof (born November 19, 1942) is an American photographer. His work has been published in ""National Geographic Magazine"" and elsewhere. Kristof has participated in multiple undersea expeditions with Canadian explorers Joseph MacInnis and Phil Nuytten, including the exploration of the ""Breadalbane"", the world's northernmost known shipwreck, and the 1995 expedition to recover the bell from the wreck of the SS ""Edmund Fitzgerald"". Nuytten also accompanied MacInnis and Russian explorer Anatoly Sagalevich on a descent 16,400 feet into King's Trough in the eastern North Atlantic aboard the submersible ""Mir 1"", and on the expedition which made"
"""Titanic"". Graham Jessop Graham Jessop (born 5 June 1957) is a British commercial diver and marine archaeologist who has taken part in a number of important expeditions such as the 1999 discovery of the remains of the RMS Carpathia off the coast of Ireland. Jessop subsequently purchased the ""Carpathia"", so as to control access and protect it from private scavengers. Along with his father, Keith ""Goldfinder"" Jessop, he recovered the approximately $85,000,000 of gold bullion from HMS ""Edinburgh"" in 1981. He was born in Yorkshire. In 2000, RMS Titanic Inc. named Jessop as the recovery manager of the wreck of"
"US and the UK. Only a few days after Ballard's discovery of the wreck, Jack Grimm – the author of the unsuccessful early 1980s attempts to find ""Titanic"" – claimed ownership of it on the grounds that he had allegedly been the first to find it. He announced that he intended to begin salvaging the wreck. He said that he ""[couldn't] see them just lie there and be absorbed by the ocean floor. What possible harm can [salvage] do to this mass of twisted steel?"" Titanic Ventures Inc., a Connecticut-based consortium, co-sponsored a survey and salvage operation in 1987 with"
"Phil Gowan Phillip Gowan (October 17, 1952 – May 1, 2018), was an American RMS Titanic historian. Born in Corsicana, Texas on October 17, 1952 from Theodore Phillip ""Ted"" Gowan and Julia Thedia ""Judy"" Morris Gowan, he graduated from Spanish and business at Howard Payne University. He was really interested in genealogy and travelling since a child which he later demonstrated throughout his research on the Titanic. The parents-in-law of his mother perished on the disaster. His research field focused more on passengers and crew, and the sinking itself, getting exclusive photographs and stories that he made public and interviewing"
"exhaustive searching, it was in 1984 that world headlines were made when American archeological explorer Barry Clifford found the only solidly-identified pirate shipwreck ever discovered, the ""Whydah"". Two-hundred thousand artifacts and sunken treasures were discovered in the shipwreck as well. 1985 Puck 1985 RMS ""Titanic"" wreckage The RMS ""Titanic"" was an ""Olympic"" class passenger liner owned by the White Star Line and was built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, in what is now Northern Ireland. At the time of her construction, she was the largest passenger steamship in the world. Shortly before midnight on April 14, 1912,"
"Klaus Wyrtki Klaus Wyrtki (February 7, 1925 – February 5, 2013) was an American physical oceanographer. Born in Tarnowitz, Upper Silesia, Poland, in 1925, from 1945-1948 Wyrtki attended the University of Marburg in Germany, and received his Ph.D. from the University of Kiel in 1950. He was a professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography until 1964, when he became a member of the faculty of the Department of Oceanography at the University of Hawaii Manoa. From 1993 he was an emeritus professor. Among other things, Wyrtki is known for his work on understanding and forecasting El Nino. He established a"
"loss of life. Most experts agree that the battle damage would have caused her to sink eventually. The wreck was located in June 1989 by Robert Ballard, and has since been further surveyed by several other expeditions. The two s were designed in the mid-1930s by the German ""Kriegsmarine"" as a counter to French naval expansion, specifically the two s France had started in 1935. Laid down after the signing of the Anglo-German Naval Agreement of 1935, ""Bismarck"" and her sister were nominally within the limit imposed by the Washington regime that governed battleship construction in the interwar period. The"
"as a renowned Titanic historian. Phil Gowan Phillip Gowan (October 17, 1952 – May 1, 2018), was an American RMS Titanic historian. Born in Corsicana, Texas on October 17, 1952 from Theodore Phillip ""Ted"" Gowan and Julia Thedia ""Judy"" Morris Gowan, he graduated from Spanish and business at Howard Payne University. He was really interested in genealogy and travelling since a child which he later demonstrated throughout his research on the Titanic. The parents-in-law of his mother perished on the disaster. His research field focused more on passengers and crew, and the sinking itself, getting exclusive photographs and stories that"
"objects. A joint Russian-Canadian-American expedition took place in 1991 using the research vessel ""Akademik Mstislav Keldysh"" and its two ""MIR"" submersibles. Sponsored by Stephen Low and IMAX, CBS, ""National Geographic"" and others, the expedition carried out extensive scientific research with a crew of 130 scientists and engineers. The ""MIRs"" carried out 17 dives, spending over 140 hours at the bottom, shooting of IMAX film. This was used to create the 1995 documentary film ""Titanica"", which was later released in the US on DVD in a re-edited version narrated by Leonard Nimoy. IFREMER and RMS Titanic Inc., the successors to the"
"professional archaeologist and former college professor, Arbuthnot has been featured on ABC, Discovery Channel and the Learning Channel. Most recently Arbuthnot conducted the first archaeological survey of the famous shipwreck R.M.S. Titanic with film maker and explorer James Cameron on Discovery Channel’s televised event, Last Mysteries of the Titanic. He continues to excite audiences and historians alike by blending ancient history and archaeology with filmmaking.” As stated previously, artifacts were first found in the early 1900s. Children would return to the shore from playing in the shallow water with small stone bowls. Scuba diving became increasingly popular in the 1950s,"
"to be found and excavated by archaeologists. Mearns published a paper, with co-authors D. Parham and B. Frohlich, on the discovery in the International Journal of Nautical Archaeology. David Mearns David Louis Mearns, O.A.M., M.Sc., (born 10 August 1958), is an American-born United Kingdom based marine scientist and Oceanographer, who specializes in deep water search and recovery operations, and the discovery of the location of historic ship wrecks. Mearns was raised in Weehawken, New Jersey, where he attended Weehawken High School, graduating in 1976. He subsequently graduated B.Sc. in Marine Biology from Fairleigh Dickinson University in 1980, and obtained a"
"1982-86; President, University of Southern California, 1980-91. Zumberge Coast Zumberge Coast is that portion of the southeast coast of Palmer Land between Cape Zumberge and the south entrance point to Hercules Inlet. Overlooking the west part of Ronne Ice Shelf, this coast was mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from U.S. Navy aerial photographs taken 1961-66 and Landsat imagery taken 1973-74. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) in 1986 after James Zumberge (1923-92), American geologist and glaciologist who directed research on Ross Ice Shelf, 1957-64; Chairman, Committee on Polar Research (later Polar Research Board) of NAS, 1972-76;"
"it turned over and sank the following morning. The wreck of the ""Bismarck"" was discovered in 1989. At the time of the attack no definitive statement of whose torpedo had hit the Bismarck was released, however following the observation of this wreck historian Mike Rossiter credited John Moffat as by far the most likely, through analysis of the flight paths. However, the son of another Swordfish pilot that attacked the Bismarck Kenneth Pattisson believes that it was his father that damaged the ship Moffat left the Navy in 1946 and returned to Glasgow. He went to college in Glasgow to"
"had Voith-Schneider propellers. In 1985, she was part of the joint French-American Team that discovered the wreck of the RMS ""Titanic"", and was the ship to actually discover the site. As opposed to the traditional method of sonar, this was accomplished by towing the ROV ""Argo"" over the seafloor to search for debris. She was completely overhauled between 1989 and 1991 adding of length to her midsection . The ship has anti-roll tanks and an ice-strengthened bow enabling her to work in all of the world’s oceans. She can take a crew of 22 and a scientific party of 34"
"Model Area Resource Team (SMART) Center at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pa. Its primary purpose was originally to host interactive JASON Project broadcasts for students featuring Robert Ballard, Ph.D., the oceanographer who discovered the wreckage of the RMS Titanic. While the organization would host JASON Project through the spring of 1998, the SMART Center began developing additional hands-on science experiences for students in grades K-8 and their teachers with support from an anonymous benefactor. The SMART Center evolved quickly into the Discovery Center of Science and Technology and began offering public science experiences. When the Discovery Center separated from Lehigh"
"The wood appeared new. In 1983, further visits to the ""Breadalbane"" were conducted by ""Sea-Otter"", a submersible, and the WASP, an atmospheric diving suit similar to the Newtsuit. In 1985, MacInnis was an adviser to the team that discovered the wreck of the RMS ""Titanic"". Between 1985 and 1991 MacInnis made dives in the Russian ""MIR""s research submersibles and the French submersible ""Nautile"", including his first visit to the ""Titanic"" in a submersible, in 1987 aboard the ""Nautile"", and a descent 16,400 feet into King's Trough in the eastern North Atlantic aboard ""Mir 1"" with ""National Geographic"" photographer Emory Kristof"
"and National Geographic Society, and is located in Golden, Colorado, Feb. 16, 2008. Bradford Washburn Henry Bradford Washburn, Jr. (June 7, 1910 – January 10, 2007) was an American explorer, mountaineer, photographer, and cartographer. He established the Boston Museum of Science, served as its director from 1939–1980, and from 1985 until his death served as its Honorary Director (a lifetime appointment). Bradford married Barbara Polk in 1940, they honeymooned in Alaska making the first ascent of Mount Bertha together. Washburn is especially noted for exploits in four areas. Several of these achievements – e.g. the Everest map and subsequent further"
"2016. Creamer was born in Vineland, New Jersey, and taught Geography at Glassboro State College from 1948 until 1977. He has three children, six grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren. He was married to Blanche Creamer for 59 years until her death in 2005. Marvin Creamer Marvin Creamer (born January 24, 1916) is a former college professor and amateur American sailor noted for having sailed around the globe without the aid of navigational instruments. Between December, 21, 1982, and May 17, 1984, Creamer and the crew of his 36-foot boat, ""Globe Star"", circumnavigated the globe without a compass, sextant, watch, or other"
"Don Walsh Don Walsh (born November 2, 1931) is an American oceanographer, explorer and marine policy specialist. He and Jacques Piccard were aboard the bathyscaphe ""Trieste"" when it made a record maximum descent into the Mariana Trench on January 23, 1960, the deepest point of the world's oceans. The depth was measured at , but later and more accurate measurements have measured it at 35,798 feet (10,911 m). Walsh has been associated with ocean science, engineering, and marine policy for more than fifty years. He was commissioned as an officer in the United States Navy upon graduation from the United"
"Peter Throckmorton Edgerton Alvord Throckmorton (July 30, 1928 – June 5, 1990), known as Peter Throckmorton, was an American photojournalist and a pioneer underwater archaeologist, frequently described as the ""Father of Underwater Archaeology."" Throckmorton was a founding member of the Sea Research Society and served on its Board of Advisors until his death in 1990. He was also a trustee for NUMA and was an instructor at Nova Southeastern University. Peter also discovered the 1877 iron bark ELISSA lying off the shipbreaker's yard in Perama, Greece. From her lines and fittings and his experience sailing aboard a 'Downeaster' as a"