"Urban electric transport in Russia The production of urban electric transport is a branch of Russian engineering. Russia has the largest number of trolley (85) and tram systems (86) in the world. In 1860 the first urban horse railway line (a predecessor of trams), known as ""konka""—from the Russian ""kon"", ""horse""—opened in Saint Petersburg. The first electric tram line in the Russian Empire opened in Kiev in 1892. That year, tram production began at the Kolomna Locomotive Works. Before World War I trams were produced at Sormovo, Mytishchi, Nikolaev, Riga and Saint Petersburg, but much of the rolling stock was"
"Museum of Electrical Transport (Saint Petersburg) The Museum of Electrical Transport is located on Vasilyevsky Island in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The museum was established in 1967, and is the oldest museum of electrical transport in Russia. It is based at the old Vasileostrovsky tram depot in Saint Petersburg which was built in 1906–1908. To celebrate the 90th anniversary of the St. Petersburg tram, examples of the trams that have been used in St. Petersburg have been restored. There are also static exhibits: archival documents and photos, cards, breadboard models of horsecars and trams, examples of tram worker uniforms, and original"
"tram in the world. Pirotsky did not have the money to continue his experiments, but his works stirred interest in electric trams around the world. Among people who met Pirotsky was Carl Heinrich von Siemens who was very interested and asked many questions. In 1881 the brothers Siemens started producing their own design of electric trams commercially. The first permanent electric tram line using Siemens tram cars was opened in Berlin in 1881 and the first permanent tram line in the Russian Empire was opened in Kiev in 1892. Pirotsky continued to serve as an artillery officer of the Imperial"
"the subject was carried out for an article in the October 2011 edition of ""The Times"", the historical journal of the Australian Association of Timetable Collectors, now the Australian Timetable Association. A tram system powered by compressed natural gas was due to open in Malaysia in 2012, but the news about the project appears to have dried up. The world's first electric tram line operated in Sestroretsk near Saint Petersburg, Russia, invented and tested by Fyodor Pirotsky in 1880. The second line was the Gross-Lichterfelde tramway in Lichterfelde near Berlin in Germany, which opened in 1881. It was built by"
"and grand scale, was renovated by the state railway operator Ukrainian Railways in 2006. In 1881 Odessa became the first city in Imperial Russia to have steam tramway lines, an innovation that came only one year after the establishment of horse tramway services in 1880 operated by the ""Tramways d'Odessa"", a Belgian owned company. The first metre gauge steam tramway line ran from Railway Station to Great Fontaine and the second one to Hadzhi Bey Liman. These routes were both operated by the same Belgian company. Electric tramway started to operate on 22 August 1907. Trams were imported from Germany."
"powered using electric motors. The administration of the Kiev Telegraph service opposed this move since, in their opinion, the electric motors would interfere with the telephone and telegraph systems. On May 3, 1892, the first two trams with electric motors arrived in Kiev. They were built by the Struve brothers in a factory located near Moscow, based on American designs. On the same day, the engines were tested on the flat Sahaydachny Street, and once more, on May 8, on the track from Podil Street to Khreshchatyk Street. In 1893, the money earned by these electric trams exceeded the cost"
"branch line to the Tarhovsky pier, where an operational station already existed. In 1875, on an area between Miller's pier and Sestroretsk rail station, the engineer Fyodor Pirotsky experimented on the adaptation of rail transport to be driven by an electrogalvanic cell. These experiments later led to a patent ""For an electric way of transfer of forces on rail and other conductors"", that is, for the creation of the first electric tram. The experimental area consisted of a site with an extent of 3½ versts (3.73 km), which passed along the sand of beach for a large part of its"
"Trams in Kaliningrad The Kaliningrad Tram network is the most westerly urban tram network in Russia, and the only surviving tram network in the Kaliningrad Oblast, the administrative district that approximately corresponds with the northern part of what was, until 1945, East Prussia. Electrified progressively between 1895 and 1901, it is the earliest electric tram network within the current territory of Russia. It is also one of only two Russian tram networks still using a one-meter gauge. (The other serves Pyatigorsk.) Königsberg's tram network reached its greatest extent in 1937, at which time it was organised into 15 routes with"
"a year, the street rail network in Saint Petersburg proved a successful commercial venture. The first demonstration of an electric tram in Saint Petersburg occurred on August 22, 1880. Fyodor Pirotsky, an engineer who demonstrated the tram to the public, hoped that the ""Horsecar Stock Company"", which possessed a monopoly on all rail transportation in the city, would consider replacing traditional horse-drawn rail carriages with electric-powered ones. Despite the fact that all tests were successful, Pirotsky's proposal was dismissed on the grounds that equipping existing tram tracks for electric traction and purchasing or building compatible tram vehicles would be too"
"2013 a decision was announced to purchase three of the Polish Pesa trams. Other sources refer to plans to purchase ten of these tramcars. The city authorities also signaled an interest in purchasing Ukrainian low-floor multi-hinged trams. Trams in Kaliningrad The Kaliningrad Tram network is the most westerly urban tram network in Russia, and the only surviving tram network in the Kaliningrad Oblast, the administrative district that approximately corresponds with the northern part of what was, until 1945, East Prussia. Electrified progressively between 1895 and 1901, it is the earliest electric tram network within the current territory of Russia. It"
"laid along the seaside promenade of Baku Boulevard in central Baku as part of the ""Baku White City"" development project. Unlike the former tramway network, the new tramway network will be considerably shorter in length and it will not serve within the main road networks of Baku as was the case with the former tramway network; but it will instead run along the seaside promenade thus not clashing with the road traffic. As of 1972, the electric tramway network's lines (with destinations in Russian) were as follows: By the end of the 1980s, the network's lines (with destinations in Russian)"
"after midnight the electric power was switched on to the network of the first electrified line in the Karelian Isthmus area between Leningrad and Zelenogorsk. At 1 hour 50 minutes a trial trip of the first electric train set off en route in the direction of Arsenyev N. A. The first passengers travelled on the electric-train during the day, conducted by train driver-instructor Romanov A. N. Regular services also started on the same day. In the 1952, the Lansky-Sestroretsk-Beloostrov line (now it is named Saint Petersburg Finlyandsky-Beloostrov through Sestroretsk line) was electrified. On the day of 1 June 1952 the"
"network had to be electrified, and new depots suitable for electric trams had to be constructed. The project was delegated to the American Westinghouse Electric Corporation. On September 29, 1907, the electric tramway network opened in Saint Petersburg. During 1918–1921 development of the Petrograd tram network stalled due to the Civil War. In 1921 the tram deal was eventually improved and new lines were constructed. In 1922 the last line was electrified and tram movement was re-established in the old city center. The tram network then further developed as the first automated needles appeared, three tram parks and a few"
"electricity was transferred over a distance of approximately one kilometer. In his design rails were connected to a Gramme generator. Both rails were isolated from the ground, one rail served as a direct conductor and one as a reverse conductor. In 1880, he modified a city two-decker horse tramway to be powered by electricity instead of horses, and on the unusual form of public transport started to serve residents of Saint Petersburg amid the vocal protests of the owners of the horse-cars. The experiments continued until the end of September 1880. Some historians claim that this was the first electric"
"Trams in Lviv The Lviv tram (, translit.: ""L’vivs’kyi Tramvai"") is an electric tramway in Lviv, Ukraine. It is the only tram system in the Western Ukraine, the largest among the narrow-gauge tram systems in Ukraine. From 1880 to 1908, the trams used horse-drawn system, from 1894 however, they were electric. It is the first in the territory of modern Ukraine to have a system of horse-drawn tram and trams in general, as well as the second one after the Kiev tram in being electric. The greatest prosperity reached on the eve of the Second World War, when it was"
"Elektrichka Elektrichka (; ) is a Soviet and Eastern bloc commuter (regional) mostly suburban electrical multiple unit passenger train. Elektrichkas are widespread in Russia, Ukraine and other countries of the former Warsaw Pact presenting a socially vital mode of transportation. In 2007, 4085 commuter trains a day (in each direction) were running on the Russian Railways network alone, most of them electric. The first ""elektrichka"" ran on July 6, 1926 along the Baku–Sabunchi line in Soviet Azerbaijan. Also urban (intra-city) ""gorodskaya elektrichkas"" and airport's ""aeroexpresses"" exist in a few cities of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. ""Elektrichka"" was initially a colloquial"
"expensive. In the winter of 1894, electric tramways came back to Saint Petersburg. This time, however, they ran on tracks over ice (during winter season) covering the Neva river. An electric public transit company was formed, and several routes crossing the river in various places began regular operation. Even though the ""Horsecar Stock Company"" still possessed absolute rights on city street railways, and hence filed a lawsuit against the electric tram operators, it eventually lost the case because the judge claimed that the horsecar company's monopolizing agreement with the city did not cover laying tracks on ice. On September 3,"
"grades and effecting a start'. Comparatively little has been published about gas trams. However, research on the subject was carried out for an article in the October 2011 edition of ""The Times"", the historical journal of the Australian Association of Timetable Collectors, now the Australian Timetable Association. A tram system powered by compressed natural gas was due to open in Malaysia in 2012, but the news about the project appears to have dried up. The world's first experimental electric tramway was built by Russian inventor Fyodor Pirotsky near St Petersburg in 1880. The first commercially-successful electric tram line operated in"
"""excursion routes"" and Route 5, the most picturesque tram route in Odessa. MTV-82 MTV-82 (МТВ-82 in Russian) is a Soviet four-axle tramcar. ""MTV"" stands for Moscow Tram Vehicle. The first prototype of MTV-82 tramcar was built on the military Factory No. 82 (it corresponds to 82 number in the vehicle index) in 1946. The mass production started in 1947 on the Factory No. 82 and it was transferred to Rīgas Vagonbūves Rūpnīca (RVR - Latvian acronym; Рижский Вагонный Завод, РВЗ - Russian full name and acronym) in 1949. In 1961 mass production of MTV-82 in Riga ceased, it was replaced"
"Trolleybuses in former Soviet Union countries The first trolleybus vehicle in Russia was built in Saint Petersburg in 1902 at Frese machine-building factory. It utilised a carriage-type current collector like the early von Siemens prototypes. There was no attempt to organize passenger or cargo services at this time. The first operational trolleybus service was introduced in 1933 in Moscow. In Soviet cities with underground metropolitan railways, trolleybus systems were intended to replace tramcars. In reality such plans were partially performed in the 1950s rather than in the 1930s. The first Soviet-made passenger trolleybus LK-1 was named after Politburo member Lazar"
"of research laboratories and three electrified circular lines. The experimental ring is intended to testlocomotives, multiple units, coaches, track elements and other equipment. The All-Union Scientific and Research, Planning and Design Technological Institute on Electric Locomotives Building (VELNII) is a subsidiary of Transmashholding. Rolling stock manufacturers of Russia This is an overview of rolling stock manufacturers of Russia, which includes historical and current information. In 1834 the Cherepanov brothers, engineers from the Nizhny Tagil Iron and Steel Plant, built Russia's first steam locomotive. Three years later the Tsarskoye Selo Railway, the country's first public railway, opened. In 1845, the Alexander"
"electricity. June 21, 1896 in Nizhny Novgorod was opened tramway. The line, 3.5 versts long (3.7 kilometers or 2.32 miles), passed from Skoba (Unity Square) to the bridge, connecting both funiculars. At the opening of the exhibition on Rozhdestvenskaya Street, the houses of the Blinov brothers' merchants (Blinovsky Passage) and the stock exchange were built. Both buildings adorn the current Markin Square. On the street were six temples. Starting from the Kremlin: Rozhdestvenskaya Street Rozhdestvenskaya Street — ( ""Nativity Street"") a beautiful historic street in Nizhny Novgorod. Is a unique open-air museum, there are only stone houses, the history of"
"Fyodor Pirotsky Fyodor Apollonovich Pirotsky (; - ) was a Russian engineer of Ukrainian origin and inventor of the world's first railway electrification system and electric tram. While the commercialization of his inventions in Russia was relatively slow, Pirotsky is known to have met with Carl Heinrich von Siemens and influenced Siemens' eventual introduction of the first regular electric tram line (for the Berlin Straßenbahn). Fyodor was born to the family of a military physician in Lokhvytsia Uezd of Poltava Gubernia (currently, Ukraine) of the Russian Empire. His family was of Ukrainian Cossacks ancestry. Fyodor received his education at Saint"
"the sewerage network was long. Every winter from 1895 to 1910, electric tramways were laid on the ice of the river, connecting the Senate Square, Vasilievsky island, Palace Embankment and other parts of the city. The power was supplied through the rails and a top cable supported by wooden piles frozen into the ice. The service was highly successful and ran without major accidents except for a few failures in the top electrical wires. The trams ran at the speed of and could carry 20 passengers per carriage. The carriages were converted from the used horsecars. About 900,000 passengers were"
"secured by the colonel's furniture. Fyodor Pirotsky Fyodor Apollonovich Pirotsky (; - ) was a Russian engineer of Ukrainian origin and inventor of the world's first railway electrification system and electric tram. While the commercialization of his inventions in Russia was relatively slow, Pirotsky is known to have met with Carl Heinrich von Siemens and influenced Siemens' eventual introduction of the first regular electric tram line (for the Berlin Straßenbahn). Fyodor was born to the family of a military physician in Lokhvytsia Uezd of Poltava Gubernia (currently, Ukraine) of the Russian Empire. His family was of Ukrainian Cossacks ancestry. Fyodor"
"the Russian Industrial Revolution, becoming the third most important city in the Russian Empire. Until 1871, it was called the ""Khreshchatitskaya Ploshchad"" (Khreshchatyk Square); it was a location for the local market and folk entertainment. In 1876 the Kiev City Duma building was built here, and the area became to be known as the Dumskaya Ploshchad (Duma Square). A line from the Kiev tram, the first electric tram built in the Russian Empire (opened 1892) reached the square in 1894. In 1913 in front of the City Duma, a monument of Pyotr Stolypin (who was assassinated in Kiev in 1911)"
"Trams in Dnipro Dnipro tram is the system of electric trams including 13 tram routes within the city of Dnipro. The Ekaterinoslaw tram was opened on June 26, 1897. This is the third oldest tram system within the Russian Empire. The construction and operation was provided by the Belgian company ′Tramways électriques d'Ekaterinoslaw.′ The initial tram system was based on 1000 mm gauge and included 3 tram lines starting from the Catherine the Great Avenue (modern name is Dmytro Yavornytskyi Avenue). The routes were: On April 21, 1906, an alternative tram network was opened in Ekaterinoslaw. It was also based"
"reserve. Two years later, imports of passenger electric locomotives from Czechoslovakia began. In 1959 the first Soviet gas turbine-electric locomotive, the model G1, was introduced. The Soviet Union's first high-speed train, the ER200, was built in 1974. Commercial operation began in 1984 on the Moscow - Leningrad railway, and was discontinued in 2009. In 2002 Transmashholding, a closed joint-stock company, was formed. The All-Russian Research Institute of Railway Transport (VNIIZhT), in Moscow, was founded in 1918. It has branches in Ekaterinburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Belorechensk, and Irkutsk. An experimental ring railroad, VNIIZhT, was commissioned in 1932. Located in Shcherbinka, it includes"
"Vasileostrovsky tram depot Vasileostrovsky tram depot is the oldest tram depot in Saint Petersburg. It was built in 1906 - 1908 by Westinghouse Electric. Vasileostrovsky trampark is a shrine for citizens, because it is associated with the unprecedented feat of Leningrad during World War II against Nazi Germany. Today the Museum of electrical transport is located there. The three buildings of the Vasileostrovsky trampark’s depot were built in brick forms of Art Nouveau, they relate to the early models of usage of progressive ferroconcrete and steel constructions. Each of the three buildings of the depot is bisected into the so-called"
"Trams in Vinnytsia The Vinnytsia Tramway (, translit.: ""Vinnytskyi Tramvai"") network is the part of the public transportation system that since 1913 serves Vinnytsia, the administrative center of the Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. The tram system has a narrow rail gauge of that only exists in Ukraine in the cities of Lviv, Zhytomyr and Yevpatoria, as well as Vinnytsia. The system currently consists of 21.2 km of tracks.<ref name=""ЭМБ // Винница трамвай""></ref> The first electric tramway in Vinnytsia started to operate on October 28, 1913. The system was built by the German company MAN AG. The operation has only been suspended"
"the Soviet Union to be electrified. In 1929, the electrification was completed between Moscow and Mytishchi. In 1930, the electrification was extended to Pushkino and Shchyolkovo, in 1931 to Sofrino, and in 1932 to Zagorsk (currently Sergiyev Posad). In the 1930s, some suburban trains run to Mytishchi and then were separated, with one part running to Pushkino, and another one to Shchyolkovo. The far distance passenger trains were still moved by steam locomotives. In 1937, the electrification was extended to Alexandrov. However, the stretch between Moscow and Zagorsk used dc current with 1500 Volts, and the one between Zagorsk and"
"standardise the gauge, using the Broad gauge that had already become standard across most of the Russian rail network. The work was completed in 1923, and was also applied to the rails of the horse tram that had operated between 1908 and 1918. On 8 October 1914 the municipality purchased the ""Russian Company for electric trams and lighting"" (""""Русскому обществу электрических дорог и электрического освещения"""" for 1.2 Million rubles. Disruption following the 1917 Russian Revolution and the Civil War led to the suspension of operations on 1 May 1919. The trams only started to run again on 3 August 1923."
"Petersburg Tram Mechanical Factory Petersburg Tram Mechanical Factory (""PTMF"") (, ""ПТМЗ"") was one of the leading manufacturers of tramcars in Russia and the CIS-countries located in Saint Petersburg. The only plant in Russia, dealing only tram manufacturing for several decades (until 1981) was the sole supplier of rolling stock for the tram system in St. Petersburg. Founded in 1929 as a tram repair plant. IN 1933 it was rebuilt into a tram manufacturing enterprise for a city of Leningrad(now Saint Petersburg). That time it produced LM and LP trams. During the ceremony of the first tram produced, leaving the plant,"