"rescued a considerable part of the population from the idiocy [sic!] of rural life"". As Eric Hobsbawm noted, however: Marx and Engels’ political influences were wide-ranging, reacting to and taking inspiration from German idealist philosophy, French socialism, and English and Scottish political economy. ""The Communist Manifesto"" also takes influence from literature. In Jacques Derrida’s work, ""Specters of Marx: The State of the Debt, the Work of Mourning and the New International"", he uses Shakespeare’s ""Hamlet"" to frame a discussion of the history of the International, showing, in the process, the influence that Shakespeare’s work had on Marx and Engel’s writing."
"Samuel Edward Konkin III Samuel Edward Konkin III (8 July 1947 – 23 February 2004), also known as SEK3, was the author of the publication ""New Libertarian Manifesto"" and a proponent of a political philosophy which he named agorism. Konkin was born in Edmonton, Alberta, to Samuel Edward Konkin II and Helen Konkin. He had one brother, Alan. He married Sheila Wymer in 1990 and had one son, Samuel Evans-Konkin. The marriage ended soon afterward. Konkin was also notable for his style of dress: ""To show his anarchist beliefs, he dressed completely in black, a color associated with that movement"
"Deborah Fallows, with whom he has two sons. His 2018 book, ""Our Towns"", was co-authored and researched with Deborah. James Fallows James Mackenzie Fallows (born August 2, 1949) is an American writer and journalist. He has been a national correspondent for ""The Atlantic Monthly"" for many years. His work has also appeared in ""Slate"", ""The New York Times Magazine"", ""The New York Review of Books"", ""The New Yorker"" and ""The American Prospect"", among others. He is a former editor of ""U.S. News & World Report"", and as President Jimmy Carter's chief speechwriter for two years was the youngest person ever"
"Krišjānis Valdemārs Krišjānis Valdemārs (in Germanized spelling as Christian Waldemar or Woldemar) (December 2, 1825 at ""Vecjunkuri"" in the Ārlava parish (now Valdgale parish, Courland, Latvia) – December 7, 1891 in Moscow, Russia) was a writer, editor, educator, politician, lexicographer, folklorist and economist, the spiritual leader of The First Latvian National Awakening and the most prominent member of the Young Latvians movement. Krišjānis Valdemārs was born in December 2, 1825 at ""Vecjunkuri"" homestead, Ārlava parish (now Valdgale parish, Courland, Latvia). He was the son of a Lutheran curate Mārtiņš Valdemārs. He graduated from local parish school and worked as a"
"defended the IHR because he believed its freedom of speech was being suppressed. Samuel Edward Konkin III Samuel Edward Konkin III (8 July 1947 – 23 February 2004), also known as SEK3, was the author of the publication ""New Libertarian Manifesto"" and a proponent of a political philosophy which he named agorism. Konkin was born in Edmonton, Alberta, to Samuel Edward Konkin II and Helen Konkin. He had one brother, Alan. He married Sheila Wymer in 1990 and had one son, Samuel Evans-Konkin. The marriage ended soon afterward. Konkin was also notable for his style of dress: ""To show his"
"would define it as class struggle in theory. Marx's movement away from university philosophy and towards the workers' movement is thus inextricably linked to his rupture with his earlier writings, which pushed Marxist commentators to speak of a young Marx and a mature Marx, although the nature of this cut poses problems. A year before the Revolutions of 1848, Marx and Engels thus wrote ""The Communist Manifesto"", which was prepared to an imminent revolution and ended with the famous cry: ""Proletarians of all countries, unite!"". However, Marx's thought changed again following Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte's 2 December 1851 coup, which put an"
"Kadri Prishtina Kadri Prishtina (1878–1925), also referred as Hoxha Kadri, was an Albanian political figure of the early '20s. Prishtina was born in Prishtina, in the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. He took the first studies in his home town in Turkish language, studying later in Uskub school ""Dar ul-Mualimin"". He studied law and education in Istambul, first in the Private Pegagogical Schools ""Darüttedris"" and later in the ""Fatih"" Medrese. On February 4, 1902 he joined the Young Turks movement. In 1904 he was arrested by Ottoman authorities because of his refusals to point to the author of ""Fitret"
"Friedrich Engels Friedrich Engels (; ; sometimes anglicised Frederick Engels; 28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, communist, social scientist, journalist and businessman. His father was an owner of a large textile factory in Salford, England. Engels founded Marxist theory together with Karl Marx and in 1845 published ""The Condition of the Working Class in England"", based on personal observations and research in Manchester. In 1848, Engels co-authored ""The Communist Manifesto"" with Marx and also authored and co-authored (primarily with Marx) many other works. Later, Engels supported Marx financially to do research and write ""Das Kapital""."
"Communist Correspondence Committee in 1846 through which the various communists, socialists and other leftists across Europe could keep in contact with one another in the face of political repression. He then published ""The Communist Manifesto"" in 1848, which would prove to be one of the most influential communist texts ever written. He subsequently began work on a multi-volume epic that would examine and criticise the capitalist economy and the effect that it had upon politics, society and philosophy—the first volume of the work, which was known as """", was published in 1869. However, Marx and Engels were not only interested"
"Manifesto"". It was first published on 21 February 1848 and ends with the world-famous phrase: ""Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. The proletariat have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win ... Working Men of All Countries, Unite!"" There was a revolution in France in 1848 that soon spread to other Western European countries. These events caused Engels and Marx to return to their homeland of the Prussian Empire, specifically to the city of Cologne. While living in Cologne, they created and served as editors for a new daily newspaper called the"
"Helen Macfarlane Helen Macfarlane, born Barrhead, 25 September 1818 (registered in the Abbey [i.e. landward] Parish of Paisley), Renfrewshire, Scotland, died Nantwich, Cheshire, England 29 March 1860, was a Scottish Chartist feminist journalist and philosopher, known for her 1850 translation into English of the ""Communist Manifesto"" by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels which was published in German in 1848. Between April 1850 and December 1850, Macfarlane wrote three essays for George Julian Harney's monthly, the ""Democratic Review"" and ten articles for his weekly paper, the ""Red Republican"" (which changed its name to the ""Friend of the People"" in December 1850)."
"Manifesto"" was later more correctly retranslated by Axel Danielsson, and then Zeth Höglund. Pehr Götrek Pehr Götrek (1798 – 1876) was an early Swedish Christian communist. He was also a teetotaler and a vegetarian. Götrek was born in a village in Södermanland. After graduating from high school, he moved to Stockholm in 1818 and became a teacher, a book printer and also kept an antiquarian bookshop in Södermalm. He published books explaining Saint-Simon's ""revealed religion"" in the 1830s, then turning his focus towards Étienne Cabet in 1846 and in 1847 he wrote a book expounding on Charles Fourier. He was"
"in June 1847. Like ""Principles"", the earlier ""Confession of Faith"" also used the catechism convention, but with only 22 question-answer pairs. On Engels' recommendation, the catechism format was ultimately rejected in favor of a historical prose narrative, which was used by Karl Marx to compose the ""Manifesto"". All three documents were attempts to articulate the political platform of the newly-forming Communist League, a political party which was being created through the merger of two ancestors: the League of the Just, and the Communist Correspondence Committee, the latter led by Marx and Engels. The ""Manifesto"" emerged as the best-known and final"
"Eleanor Marx Jenny Julia Eleanor Marx (16 January 1855 – 31 March 1898), sometimes called Eleanor Aveling and known to her family as Tussy, was the English-born youngest daughter of Karl Marx. She was herself a socialist activist who sometimes worked as a literary translator. In March 1898, after discovering that Edward Aveling, her partner and a prominent British Marxist, had secretly married a young actress in June of the previous year, she committed suicide by poison. She was 43. Eleanor Marx was born in London on 16 January 1855, the sixth child and fourth daughter of Marx and his"
"Gerald Weaver Gerald Weaver (born 1955) is an American author and former lawyer, lobbyist and convicted drug dealer. He was the youngest Chief of Staff in Congress in 1983, aged 26. His novel, ""Gospel Prism"", came to light when the American-born British journalist, Marie Colvin died whilst covering the Siege of Homs in Syria, February 22, 2012. Her backpack, when recovered, was found to contain basic supplies: a change of clothes, two satellite phones and Weaver's manuscript. Weaver was born in Western Pennsylvania in 1955, where he grew up with three sisters. His father was a lawyer and his mother"
"Marx decided to move to Belgium, which then permitted greater freedom of expression than some other countries in Europe. Engels and Marx returned to Brussels in January 1846, where they set up the Communist Correspondence Committee. In 1847, Engels and Marx began writing a pamphlet together, based on Engels' ""The Principles of Communism"". They completed the 12,000-word pamphlet in six weeks, writing it in such a manner as to make communism understandable to a wide audience and published it as ""The Communist Manifesto"" in February 1848. In March, Belgium expelled both Engels and Marx. They moved to Cologne, where they"
"Cornelius Mathews Cornelius Mathews (October 28, 1817 – March 25, 1889), was an American writer, best known for his crucial role in the formation of a literary group known as Young America in the late 1830s, with editor Evert Duyckinck and author William Gilmore Simms. Mathews was born on October 28, 1817, in Port Chester, New York to Abijah Mathews and Catherine Van Cott. He attended Columbia College, graduated New York University in 1834. He then attended law school and passed the New York bar in 1837. At the time, American literature was generally regarded as necessarily inferior to the"
"Julia Abigail Fletcher Carney Julia Abigail Fletcher Carney (pen names, Julia, Minnie May, Frank Fisher, Sadie Sensible, Minister's Wife, Rev. Peter Benson's Daughter; April 6, 1823 – November 1, 1908) was an American educator, poet, author, and editor. Remembered for her poem ""Little Things"", many of her poems were set to music and published in school textbooks, and used in church hymn-books for more than half a century. She died November 1, 1908, in Galesburg, Illinois. Carney had charge of the ""Poet's Corner"" in the Boston ""Trumpet"". She furnished articles, both prose and verse, for the ""Christian Freeman"" when it"
"as the ""Manifesto's "" first section, its second half was rephrased as the ""Manifesto's"" second section, its penultimate question-answer pair was significantly expanded to become the ""Manifesto's"" third section, and its final question-answer pair was rephrased as the ""Manifesto's"" fourth and final brief section. Due to their brevity, all questions are reproduced verbatim from the English translation given below. The answers are significantly longer and therefore summarized here, except for the first, which is the shortest. Principles of Communism Principles of Communism (German: ""Grundsätze des Kommunismus"") is a brief 1847 work written by Friedrich Engels, the co-founder of Marxism. It"
"closest collaborators. Others were Joseph Weydemeyer and Ferdinand Freiligrath, a famous revolutionary poet. While most of the associates of Marx and Engels were German immigrants living in Brussels, some of their new associates were Belgians. Phillipe Gigot, a Belgian philosopher and Victor Tedesco, a lawyer from Liège, both joined the Communist League. Joachim Lelewel a prominent Polish historian and participant in the Polish uprising of 1830–1831 was also a frequent associate. The Communist League commissioned Marx and Engels to write a pamphlet explaining the principles of communism. This became ""The Manifesto of the Communist Party"", better known as the ""Communist"
"with the Hiss Case, circa 1950; it is unclear as to when she wrote it.) Young's memoir ""Nothing but the Truth"" makes no mention of Communism until a third through, when she suddenly reports her recommendation to U.S. Senator David A. Reed (Rep-PA) of a book to read: ""'Why–the ""Communist Manifesto"" of 1848 by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. That's obvious,' I said."" The memoir is also very weak on dates until about the time Young joined the ""Daily Worker"", at which point it becomes very specific about dates. She summarized her views on Communism as follows: I knew how"
"social movements for us too in the displacement of social order, and fulfill it. The role of literature is to awaken. The role of progressive literature is to create social movements and to help attain the goals of historic development of peoples"". Khosrow Golsorkhi Khosrow Golsorkhi () also known as Khosro Golesorkhi (22 January 1944 in Rasht – 18 February 1974 in Tehran) was an Iranian journalist, poet, and communist activist in Iran during the Cold War. Hooman Majd has described him as a ""Che Guevara-like figure for young Iranians in 1974."" Famous for his leftist and revolutionary poetry, Golsorkhi"
"James Fallows James Mackenzie Fallows (born August 2, 1949) is an American writer and journalist. He has been a national correspondent for ""The Atlantic Monthly"" for many years. His work has also appeared in ""Slate"", ""The New York Times Magazine"", ""The New York Review of Books"", ""The New Yorker"" and ""The American Prospect"", among others. He is a former editor of ""U.S. News & World Report"", and as President Jimmy Carter's chief speechwriter for two years was the youngest person ever to hold that job. Fallows has been a visiting professor at a number of universities in the U.S. and"
"high living."" Although he had numerous relationships with women, as far as is known, Aveling had no children. Edward Aveling Edward Bibbins Aveling (29 November 1849 – 2 August 1898) was a prominent English biology instructor and popular spokesman for Darwinian evolution, atheism, and socialism. Aveling was the author of numerous books and pamphlets and was a founding member of the Socialist League and the Independent Labour Party. For many years he was the partner of Eleanor Marx, the youngest daughter of Karl Marx. Aveling was born on 29 November 1849 in Stoke Newington, the fifth of eight children of"
"Victor Prosper Considerant Victor Prosper Considerant (12 October 1808 – 27 December 1893) was a French utopian Socialist and disciple of Fourier. Considerant was born in Salins-les-Bains, Jura and studied at the École Polytechnique (1826 diploma). Subsequently working as a musician, he collaborated with Fourier on newspapers. He edited the journals ""La Phalanstère"" and ""La Phalange"". Considerant wrote much in advocacy of his principles, of which the most important is ""La Destinée Sociale"". He authored ""Democracy Manifesto"", which preceded by five years the similar Communist Manifesto by Marx and Engels. Considerant defined the notion of a ""right to (have) work"","
"Marxism as being its immature form: as exemplified by ""The Communist Manifesto"" written by Marx and Engels in their youth, that he opposed for what he regarded as its violent Blanquist tendencies; and later Marxism as being its mature form that he supported. Bernstein declared that the massive and homogeneous working class claimed in the ""Communist Manifesto"" did not exist and that—contrary to claims of a proletarian majority emerging—the middle class was growing under capitalism and not disappearing as Marx had claimed. Bernstein noted that the working class was not homogeneous but heterogeneous, with divisions and factions within it, including"
"Alaide Gualberta Beccari Alaide Gualberta Beccari (born 1842 in Padua – died 1906) was an Italian feminist, republican, pacifist, and social reformer, who published the feminist journal ""Woman"" during the 1870s and 1880s. Alaide Beccari was born in Padua in 1842, the only one of her parents' 12 children to survive to adulthood. Beccari's father was a civil servant in Padua, which was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the time. Beccari's father was a supporter of Italian unification and joined the Risorgimento during the uprisings of 1848. When the uprising failed, he fled to Turin. She worked as her"
"different countries. The Fraternal Democrats were also affiliated with the British labour movement. Other Chartists with whom Schapper collaborated included Ernest Jones. The League had originally followed Wilhelm Weitling's lead, but in the 1840s it came under the influence of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Schapper became head of the 'Communist Correspondence Committee' and organised the publication of Marx' and Engels' ""Communist Manifesto"" in 1848. Schapper also contributed to the ""Communist Journal"" (""Kommunistische Zeitschrift"") published by the League. He is thought to have been the author of an anonymous commentary on the ""Communist Manifesto"" and polemicized against the radical democrat"
"Marx and a supporter of communist principles at a time of political and revolutionary ferment in Germany. He joined the Communist League and became a member of the Mainz Worker Council. The failure of the German revolutionary movement in 1848 led him to leave Germany when he was twenty-three, along with other ""Forty-Eighters"" who emigrated to the United States at that time. In the United States, he continued his political activity into the 1850s, maintaining an extensive correspondence with Marx and Engels and writing and publishing political articles for the German-American community. Adolf Cluss immigrated to the United-States in 1848"
"M. E. Lazarus Marx Edgeworth Lazarus (February 6, 18221895 or 1896) was an American individualist anarchist from Guntersville, AL where he owned a small farm. Lazarus wrote under the pseudonym ""Edgeworth."" He is the author of several essays and anarchist pamphlettes including ""Land Tenure: Anarchist View"" (1889). He was the first-born son of Rachel Mordecai Lazarus, who had an extensive correspondence with the Anglo-Irish novelist Maria Edgeworth. A famous quote from Lazarus is ""Every vote for a governing office is an instrument for enslaving me."" Lazarus was also an intellectual contributor to Fourierism and the Free Love movement of the"
"Franco Berardi Franco ""Bifo"" Berardi (born 2 November 1948 in Bologna, Italy) is an Italian Marxist theorist and activist in the autonomist tradition, whose work mainly focuses on the role of the media and information technology within post-industrial capitalism. Berardi has written over two dozen published books, as well as a more extensive number of essays and speeches. In 1962, at the age of 13, Berardi became a member of the Italian Communist Youth Federation, but was expelled due to ""factionalism."" He participated in the events of May '68 at the University of Bologna, where he graduated with a degree"
"college campuses by helping people become registered voters, and wanted to focus her attention on working with children because ""it was when [she] was young that her own consciousness was raised."" Webb later founded a youth development program known as KEEP Productions: Youth Development and Modeling Program, directed towards increasing the self-esteem and self-confidence of disadvantaged youth to help them ""break out of non-productive patterns and become successful citizens and successful leaders."" Sheyann Webb Sheyann Webb-Christburg is known as Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s ""Smallest Freedom Fighter"" and co-author of the book, Selma, Lord, Selma. As a eight-year-old, Webb took"
"Principles of Communism Principles of Communism (German: ""Grundsätze des Kommunismus"") is a brief 1847 work written by Friedrich Engels, the co-founder of Marxism. It is structured as a catechism, containing 25 questions about communism for which answers are provided. In the text, Engels presents core ideas of Marxism such as historical materialism, class struggle, and proletarian revolution. ""Principles of Communism"" served as the draft version for the ""Communist Manifesto"". ""Principles of Communism"" was composed during October–November 1847, and was preceded by the ""Draft of a Communist Confession of Faith"", a very similar but distinct text which Engels had previously written"