"translated (or transliterated) as ""idea,"" but secondary literature now typically employs the term ""form"" (or occasionally ""kind,"" usually in discussion of Plato's ""Sophist"" and ""Statesman"") to avoid confusion with the English word connoting ""thought"". Platonic form can be illustrated by contrasting a material triangle with an ideal triangle. The Platonic form is the ideal triangle — a figure with perfectly drawn lines whose angles add to 180 degrees. Any form of triangle that we experience will be an imperfect representation of the ideal triangle. Regardless of how precise your measuring and drawing tools you will never be able to recreate"
"segments). Only one of these angles contains the third side of the triangle in its interior, and this angle is called an ""interior angle"" of the triangle. In the picture below, the angles ""∠ABC"", ""∠BCA"" and ""∠CAB"" are the three interior angles of the triangle. An ""exterior angle"" is formed by extending one of the sides of the triangle; the angle between the extended side and the other side is the exterior angle. In the picture, angle ""∠ACD"" is an exterior angle. The proof of Proposition 1.16 given by Euclid is often cited as one place where Euclid gives a"
"36, 40, 45, 60, 72, 90, 120, 180, 360}. 360-gon In geometry, a 360-gon (triacosihexacontagon or triacosihexecontagon) is a polygon with 360 sides. The sum of any 360-gon's interior angles is 64440 degrees. A ""regular 360-gon"" is represented by Schläfli symbol {360} and also can be constructed as a truncated 180-gon, t{180}, or a twice-truncated enneacontagon, tt{90}, or a thrice-truncated tetracontapentagon, ttt{45}. One interior angle in a regular 360-gon is 179°, meaning that one exterior angle would be 1°. The area of a regular 360-gon is (with ) and its inradius is The circumradius of a regular 120-gon is Since"
"it; this is the exterior angle theorem. The sum of the measures of the three exterior angles (one for each vertex) of any triangle is 360 degrees. Two triangles are said to be ""similar"" if every angle of one triangle has the same measure as the corresponding angle in the other triangle. The corresponding sides of similar triangles have lengths that are in the same proportion, and this property is also sufficient to establish similarity. Some basic theorems about similar triangles are: Two triangles that are congruent have exactly the same size and shape: all pairs of corresponding interior angles"
"Triacontagon In geometry, a triacontagon or 30-gon is a thirty-sided polygon. The sum of any triacontagon's interior angles is 5040 degrees. The ""regular triacontagon"" is a constructible polygon, by an edge-bisection of a regular pentadecagon, and can also be constructed as a truncated pentadecagon, t{15}. A truncated triacontagon, t{30}, is a hexacontagon, {60}. One interior angle in a regular triacontagon is 168°, meaning that one exterior angle would be 12°. The triacontagon is the largest regular polygon whose interior angle is the sum of the interior angles of smaller polygons: 168° is the sum of the interior angles of the"
"2π radians or one full turn. As the number of sides, n approaches infinity, the internal angle approaches 180 degrees. For a regular polygon with 10,000 sides (a myriagon) the internal angle is 179.964°. As the number of sides increase, the internal angle can come very close to 180°, and the shape of the polygon approaches that of a circle. However the polygon can never become a circle. The value of the internal angle can never become exactly equal to 180°, as the circumference would effectively become a straight line. For this reason, a circle is not a polygon with"
"12 angles of some tetrahedron? Clearly the sum of the angles of any side of the tetrahedron must be 180°. Since there are four such triangles, there are four such constraints on sums of angles, and the number of degrees of freedom is thereby reduced from 12 to 8. The four relations given by this sine law further reduce the number of degrees of freedom, from 8 down to not 4 but 5, since the fourth constraint is not independent of the first three. Thus the space of all shapes of tetrahedra is 5-dimensional. Let be the points of a"
"figures, which are also called ""m""-Archimedean tilings. For edge-to-edge Euclidean tilings, the internal angles of the polygons meeting at a vertex must add to 360 degrees. A regular -gon has internal angle formula_1 degrees. There are seventeen combinations of regular polygons whose internal angles add up to 360 degrees, each being referred to as a ""species"" of vertex; in four cases there are two distinct cyclic orders of the polygons, yielding twenty-one ""types"" of vertex. Only eleven of these can occur in a uniform tiling of regular polygons, given in previous sections. In particular, if three polygons meet at a"
"360-gon In geometry, a 360-gon (triacosihexacontagon or triacosihexecontagon) is a polygon with 360 sides. The sum of any 360-gon's interior angles is 64440 degrees. A ""regular 360-gon"" is represented by Schläfli symbol {360} and also can be constructed as a truncated 180-gon, t{180}, or a twice-truncated enneacontagon, tt{90}, or a thrice-truncated tetracontapentagon, ttt{45}. One interior angle in a regular 360-gon is 179°, meaning that one exterior angle would be 1°. The area of a regular 360-gon is (with ) and its inradius is The circumradius of a regular 120-gon is Since 360 = 2 × 3 × 5, a regular"
"type of triangles: Triangular tiling In geometry, the triangular tiling or triangular tessellation is one of the three regular tilings of the Euclidean plane. Because the internal angle of the equilateral triangle is 60 degrees, six triangles at a point occupy a full 360 degrees. The triangular tiling has Schläfli symbol of {3,6}. Conway calls it a deltille, named from the triangular shape of the Greek letter delta (Δ). The triangular tiling can also be called a kishextille by a kis operation that adds a center point and triangles to replace the faces of a hextille. It is one of"
"Triangular tiling In geometry, the triangular tiling or triangular tessellation is one of the three regular tilings of the Euclidean plane. Because the internal angle of the equilateral triangle is 60 degrees, six triangles at a point occupy a full 360 degrees. The triangular tiling has Schläfli symbol of {3,6}. Conway calls it a deltille, named from the triangular shape of the Greek letter delta (Δ). The triangular tiling can also be called a kishextille by a kis operation that adds a center point and triangles to replace the faces of a hextille. It is one of three regular tilings"
"simple polygon and a line extended from an adjacent side. The interior angle concept can be extended in a consistent way to crossed polygons such as star polygons by using the concept of directed angles. In general, the interior angle sum in degrees of any closed polygon, including crossed (self-intersecting) ones, is then given by 180(""n""–2""k"")° where ""n"" is the number of vertices and the non-negative number ""k"" is the number of total revolutions of 360° one undergoes walking around the perimeter of the polygon. In other words, 360""k""° represents the sum of all the exterior angles. For example, for"
"triangles, and by the equality of the base angles of an isosceles triangle, ∠OBC = ∠OCB and ∠BAO = ∠ABO. Let α = ∠BAO and β = ∠OBC. The three internal angles of the ∆ABC triangle are α, (α + β), and β. Since the sum of the angles of a triangle is equal to 180°, we have Q.E.D. The theorem may also be proven using trigonometry: Let formula_5, formula_6, and formula_7. Then B is a point on the unit circle formula_8. We will show that ∆ABC forms a right angle by proving that and are perpendicular — that is,"
"sum of all three exterior angles, that equals to 360° in the Euclidean case (as for any convex polygon), is less than 360° in the spherical case, and is greater than 360° in the hyperbolic case. In the differential geometry of surfaces, the question of a triangle's angular defect is understood as a special case of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem where the curvature of a closed curve is not a function, but a measure with the support in exactly three points – vertices of a triangle. Sum of angles of a triangle In several geometries, a triangle has three ""vertices"" and"
"Triacontatetragon In geometry, a triacontatetragon or triacontakaitetragon is a thirty-four-sided polygon or 34-gon. The sum of any triacontatetragon's interior angles is 5760 degrees. A ""regular triacontatetragon"" is represented by Schläfli symbol {34} and can also be constructed as a truncated 17-gon, t{17}, which alternates two types of edges. One interior angle in a regular triacontatetragon is (2880/17)°, meaning that one exterior angle would be (180/17)°. The area of a regular triacontatetragon is (with ) and its inradius is The factor formula_3 is a root of the equation formula_4. The circumradius of a regular triacontatetragon is As 34 = 2 ×"
"geometry, it is the number of seconds in a minute, and the number of minutes in a degree. In normal space, the three interior angles of an equilateral triangle each measure 60 degrees, adding up to 180 degrees. Because it is divisible by the sum of its digits in base 10, it is a Harshad number. A number system with base 60 is called sexagesimal (the original meaning of ""sexagesimal"" is sixtieth). It is the smallest positive integer that is written with only the smallest and the largest digit of base 2 (binary), base 3 (ternary) and base 4 (quaternary)."
"ordinary convex and concave polygons ""k"" = 1, since the exterior angle sum is 360°, and one undergoes only one full revolution walking around the perimeter. Internal and external angles In geometry, an angle of a polygon is formed by two sides of the polygon that share an endpoint. For a simple (non-self-intersecting) polygon, regardless of whether it is convex or non-convex, this angle is called an interior angle (or ) if a point within the angle is in the interior of the polygon. A polygon has exactly one internal angle per vertex. If every internal angle of a simple"
"Tetracontagon In geometry, a tetracontagon or tessaracontagon is a forty-sided polygon or 40-gon. The sum of any tetracontagon's interior angles is 6840 degrees. A ""regular tetracontagon"" is represented by Schläfli symbol {40} and can also be constructed as a truncated icosagon, t{20}, which alternates two types of edges. Furthermore, it can also be constructed as a twice-truncated decagon, tt{10}, or a thrice-truncated pentagon, ttt{5}. One interior angle in a regular tetracontagon is 171°, meaning that one exterior angle would be 9°. The area of a regular tetracontagon is (with ) and its inradius is The factor formula_3 is a root"
"Clearly the sum of the angles of any side of the tetrahedron must be 180°. Since there are four such triangles, there are four such constraints on sums of angles, and the number of degrees of freedom is thereby reduced from 12 to 8. The four relations given by the sine law further reduce the number of degrees of freedom, from 8 down to not 4 but 5, since the fourth constraint is not independent of the first three. Thus the space of all shapes of tetrahedra is 5-dimensional. See: Law of sines The law of cosines for the tetrahedron"
"congruent angles. AA postulate In Euclidean geometry, the AA postulate states that two triangles are similar if they have two corresponding angles congruent. The AA postulate follows from the fact that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always equal to 180°. By knowing two angles, such as 32° and 64° degrees, we know that the next angle is 84°, because 180-(32+64)=84. (This is sometimes referred to as the AAA Postulate—which is true in all respects, but two angles are entirely sufficient.) The postulate can be better understood by working in reverse order. The two triangles on"
"example) and another of the sides remains the same. If the hypotenuse is twice as long, so are the sides. It is these ratios that the trigonometric functions express. To define the trigonometric functions for the angle ""A"", start with any right triangle that contains the angle ""A"". The three sides of the triangle are named as follows: In ordinary Euclidean geometry, according to the triangle postulate, the inside angles of every triangle total 180° ( radians). Therefore, in a right-angled triangle, the two non-right angles total 90° ( radians), so each of these angles must be in the range"
"is 90°, leaving the remaining angle to be 30°. Right triangles whose sides are of integer lengths, with the sides collectively known as Pythagorean triples, possess angles that cannot all be rational numbers of degrees. (This follows from Niven's theorem.) They are most useful in that they may be easily remembered and any multiple of the sides produces the same relationship. Using Euclid's formula for generating Pythagorean triples, the sides must be in the ratio where ""m"" and ""n"" are any positive integers such that . There are several Pythagorean triples which are well-known, including those with sides in the"
"the sum of the interior angles is π(""n"" − 2) radians or 180(""n"" − 2) degrees. Because more than two lines in a polytope can intersect in the same space, the number of vertex angles from any given vertex is not always one. Because of this, it is sometimes necessary to specify not only the vertex, but also the specific line segments that make up the angle. Vertex angle In geometry, a vertex angle is an angle associated with a vertex of an n-dimensional polytope. Often a vertex angle of a polygon is referred to simply as an angle of"
"""V"" and whose sides pass through points ""A"" and ""B"". Draw line ""OA"". Angle ""BOA"" is a central angle; call it ""θ"". Lines ""OV"" and ""OA"" are both radii of the circle, so they have equal lengths. Therefore, triangle ""VOA"" is isosceles, so angle ""BVA"" (the inscribed angle) and angle ""VAO"" are equal; let each of them be denoted as ""ψ"". Angles ""BOA"" and ""AOV"" are supplementary. They add up to 180°, since line ""VB"" passing through ""O"" is a straight line. Therefore, angle ""AOV"" measures 180° − ""θ"". It is known that the three angles of a triangle add"
"angles is equal to 90°, adding up to a total of 270°. Specifically, on a sphere the sum of the angles of a triangle is where ""f"" is the fraction of the sphere's area which is enclosed by the triangle. For example, suppose that we draw a triangle on the Earth's surface with vertices at the North Pole, at a point on the equator at 0° longitude, and a point on the equator at 90° West longitude. The great circle line between the latter two points is the equator, and the great circle line between either of those points and"
"their internal angles, measured here in degrees. A triangle that has two angles with the same measure also has two sides with the same length, and therefore it is an isosceles triangle. It follows that in a triangle where all angles have the same measure, all three sides have the same length, and such a triangle is therefore equilateral. Triangles are assumed to be two-dimensional plane figures, unless the context provides otherwise (see Non-planar triangles, below). In rigorous treatments, a triangle is therefore called a ""2-simplex"" (see also Polytope). Elementary facts about triangles were presented by Euclid in books 1–4"
"adjacent vertices to the center. This will form a golden triangle. This is because: 180(10-2)/10=144 degrees is the interior angle and bisecting it through the vertex to the center, 144/2=72. The golden triangle is also uniquely identified as the only triangle to have its three angles in 2:2:1 proportions. The golden triangle is used to form a logarithmic spiral. By bisecting the base angles, a new point is created that in turn, makes another golden triangle. The bisection process can be continued infinitely, creating an infinite number of golden triangles. A logarithmic spiral can be drawn through the vertices. This"
"interior angle bisectors of a triangle meet in a single point. In Euclid's ""Elements"", Proposition 4 of Book IV proves that this point is also the center of the inscribed circle of the triangle. The incircle itself may be constructed by dropping a perpendicular from the incenter to one of the sides of the triangle and drawing a circle with that segment as its radius. The incenter lies at equal distances from the three line segments forming the sides of the triangle, and also from the three lines containing those segments. It is the only point equally distant from the"
"Triacontadigon In geometry, a triacontadigon (or triacontakaidigon) or 32-gon is a thirty-two-sided polygon. In Greek, the prefix triaconta- means 30 and di- means 2. The sum of any triacontadigon's interior angles is 5400 degrees. An older name is tricontadoagon. Another name is icosidodecagon, suggesting a (20 and 12)-gon, in parallel to the 32-faced icosidodecahedron, which has 20 triangles and 12 pentagons. The ""regular triacontadigon"" can be constructed as a truncated hexadecagon, t{16}, a twice-truncated octagon, tt{8}, and a thrice-truncated square. A truncated triacontadigon, t{32}, is a hexacontatetragon, {64}. One interior angle in a regular triacontadigon is 168°, meaning that one"
"AA postulate In Euclidean geometry, the AA postulate states that two triangles are similar if they have two corresponding angles congruent. The AA postulate follows from the fact that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always equal to 180°. By knowing two angles, such as 32° and 64° degrees, we know that the next angle is 84°, because 180-(32+64)=84. (This is sometimes referred to as the AAA Postulate—which is true in all respects, but two angles are entirely sufficient.) The postulate can be better understood by working in reverse order. The two triangles on grids A"
"{34/11}, t{17/12} = {34/12}, t{17/13} = {34/13}, t{17/14} = {34/14}, t{17/15} = {34/15}, and t{17/16} = {34/16}. Some of the isogonal triacontatetragrams are depicted below, as a truncation sequence with endpoints t{17}={34} and t{17/16}={34/16}. Triacontatetragon In geometry, a triacontatetragon or triacontakaitetragon is a thirty-four-sided polygon or 34-gon. The sum of any triacontatetragon's interior angles is 5760 degrees. A ""regular triacontatetragon"" is represented by Schläfli symbol {34} and can also be constructed as a truncated 17-gon, t{17}, which alternates two types of edges. One interior angle in a regular triacontatetragon is (2880/17)°, meaning that one exterior angle would be (180/17)°. The"
"triangle in which the ratio of the duplicated side to the base side equals the golden ratio. It is acute, with angles 36°, 72°, and 72°, making it the only triangle with angles in the proportions 1:2:2. The heptagonal triangle, with sides coinciding with a side, the shorter diagonal, and the longer diagonal of a regular heptagon, is obtuse, with angles formula_28 and formula_29 The only triangle with consecutive integers for an altitude and the sides is acute, having sides (13,14,15) and altitude from side 14 equal to 12. The smallest-perimeter triangle with integer sides in arithmetic progression, and the"
"the circle that is internally tangent to all three sides—are in the interior of the triangle. However, while the orthocenter and the circumcenter are in an acute triangle's interior, they are exterior to an obtuse triangle. The orthocenter is the intersection point of the triangle's three altitudes, each of which perpendicularly connects a side to the opposite vertex. In the case of an acute triangle, all three of these segments lie entirely in the triangle's interior, and so they intersect in the interior. But for an obtuse triangle, the altitudes from the two acute angles intersect only the extensions of"