"seat was contested with Liège, Luxembourg, Strasbourg and Turin all considered. While Saarbrücken had a status as a ""European city"", the ongoing dispute over Saarland made it a problematic choice. Brussels would have been accepted at the time, but divisions within the then-unstable Belgian government ruled that option out. To break the deadlock, Joseph Bech, then Prime Minister of Luxembourg, proposed that Luxembourg be made the ""provisional"" seat of the institutions until a permanent agreement was reached. However, it was decided that the Common Assembly, which became the Parliament, should instead be based in Strasbourg—the Council of Europe (CoE) was"
"Strasbourg Strasbourg (, ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Grand Est region of France and is the official seat of the European Parliament. Located at the border with Germany in the historic region of Alsace, it is the capital of the Bas-Rhin department. In 2014, the city proper had 276,170 inhabitants and both the Eurométropole de Strasbourg (Greater Strasbourg) and the Arrondissement of Strasbourg had 484,157 inhabitants. Strasbourg's metropolitan area had a population of 773,347 in 2013 (not counting the section across the border in Germany), making it the ninth largest metro area in France"
"the European Union, which is separate from the Council of Europe). The European Parliament now has its own building, Immeuble Louise Weiss, across the Ill River. Palace of Europe The Palace of Europe () is a building located in Strasbourg, France, that has served as the seat of the Council of Europe since 1977 when it replaced the 'House of Europe'. Between 1977 and 1999 it was also the Strasbourg seat of the European Parliament. The first assemblies of the Council of Europe used to take place in the stately, 1880s main building of Strasbourg University, the former ""Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität"". Between"
"meets four times a year for week-long plenary sessions in Strasbourg. It is one of the two statutory bodies of the Council of Europe, along with the Committee of Ministers, the executive body representing governments, with which it holds an ongoing dialogue. However, it is the Assembly which is usually regarded as the ""motor"" of the organisation, holding governments to account on human rights issues, pressing states to maintain democratic standards, proposing fresh ideas and generating the momentum for reform. The Assembly held its first session in Strasbourg on 10 August 1949, making it one of the oldest international assemblies"
"Palace of Europe The Palace of Europe () is a building located in Strasbourg, France, that has served as the seat of the Council of Europe since 1977 when it replaced the 'House of Europe'. Between 1977 and 1999 it was also the Strasbourg seat of the European Parliament. The first assemblies of the Council of Europe used to take place in the stately, 1880s main building of Strasbourg University, the former ""Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität"". Between 1950 and 1977, they took place in a provisory concrete building of purely functional architecture, the House of Europe (""Maison de l'Europe""), that stood where there"
"one of the few parliaments in the world which cannot decide its own meeting place, and also being the only parliament to have more than one seat. Critics have described the three-city arrangement as a ""travelling circus"" with a cost an extra 200 million euro over a single location. Defenders of the Strasbourg seat, like the MEP for Germany Bernd Posselt, however claim that the figure is rather a mere 40 million euro, i.e. an extra cost of 8 cents per EU citizen. When Parliament was forced to meet in Brussels in September 2008, due to a fault in the"
"European Parliament building in Strasbourg, France. Additionally, Model European Union Strasbourg has its own newspaper which covers not only the legal procedure, but also provides interviews with stakeholders and background information. The journalist team of each edition chooses the name for the newspaper and the whole team contributes to a daily issue of the newspaper. Additionally, there is a press conference taking place on a daily basis in which journalists can ask questions. Not only is this helpful for the journalists, but it makes it easier for all stakeholders to keep up with the development of the negotiations in both"
"24% supported Strasbourg. In this case support for Brussels was 6 percentage points higher in the 10 new members with women and the under 35 year-olds. The group with the highest support for Strasbourg was the over 35-year-olds with 28 percent support. The citizens of Strasbourg are of course strong supporters of the Parliament being based in Strasbourg with each session being worth four million euro to the city's economy. In September 2008, Strasbourg's government passed a motion demanding all of Parliament's activities be relocated to the city. These polls have not affected the position of France, which can veto"
"known as ""the capital of the EU"". The seats have been a matter of political dispute since the states first failed to reach an agreement at the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952. However, a final agreement between member states was reached in 1992, and later attached to the Treaty of Amsterdam. Despite this, the seat of the European Parliament remains controversial. The work of Parliament is divided between Brussels, Luxembourg and Strasbourg, which is seen as a problem due to the large number of MEPs, staff, and documents which need to be moved. As the"
"the Union. The EU has not declared a capital formally, though the Treaty of Amsterdam formally gives Brussels the seat of the European Commission (the executive branch of government) and the Council of the European Union (a legislative institution made up from executives of member states). It locates the formal seat of European Parliament in Strasbourg, where votes take place, with the Council, on the proposals made by the Commission. However, meetings of political groups and committee groups are formally given to Brussels, along with a set number of plenary sessions. Three quarters of Parliament sessions now take place at"
"Model European Union Strasbourg Model European Union Strasbourg (MEUS) is the original simulation of the European Union’s legislative process organised by BETA France. It was initiated in the spring of 2007 by a group of university students and has since developed to be the World’s largest and most authentic simulation of the EU’s decision-making process. The conference annually gathers around 180 young people from across Europe in the Seat of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France. Model European Union Strasbourg is a simulation of European Union Politics and legislative procedures. It usually features two legislative proposals for a Directive or"
"the ECSC (or be generously compensated); France supported Strasbourg, and Italy continued to promote Milan. However, it was decided that the Common Assembly, which became the Parliament, should instead be based in Strasbourg—the Council of Europe (CoE) was already based there, in the House of Europe. The chamber of the CoE's Parliamentary Assembly could also serve the Common Assembly, and they did so until 1999, when a new complex of buildings was built across the river from the Palace. The creation in 1957 of the European Economic Community (EEC) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EAEC or Euratom) created new"
"Eurométropole de Strasbourg Eurométropole de Strasbourg is the ""métropole"", an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Strasbourg. It is located in the Bas-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region, northeastern France. It was created in January 2015, replacing the previous ""Communauté urbaine de Strasbourg"", and covers that part of the Strasbourg metropolitan area that lies in France. Its population was 491,516 in 2014, of which 280,680 in Strasbourg proper. The Urban Community of Strasbourg (French: ""Communauté urbaine de Strasbourg""), also known by its French initials ""CUS"", was founded in 1967. It became a métropole on 1 January 2015. The"
"on 17 April 2008 by French minister for Foreign Affairs Bernard Kouchner). Due to persistent budgetary shortages, it was reported in 2010 that the Council of Europe was expected to cut down significantly the number of its activities, and thus the number of its employees, from 2011 onwards. This was expected to notably affect the economy of the city of Strasbourg. The European Parliament has five buildings in the quarter. It previously used the hemicycle of the Council of Europe to hold its meetings until 1999 when it completed its main building, the Louise Weiss building, across the river from"
"of the other two main political institutions, as making Brussels the ""de facto"" capital of the EU. Brussels is frequently labelled as the 'capital' of the EU, particularly in publications by local authorities, the Commission and press. Indeed, Brussels interprets the 1992 agreement on seats (details below) as declaring Brussels as the capital. There are two further cities hosting major institutions, Luxembourg (judicial and second seats) and Strasbourg (Parliament's main seat). Authorities in Strasbourg and organisations based there also refer to Strasbourg as the ""capital"" of Europe and Brussels, Strasbourg and Luxembourg are also referred to as the joint capitals"
"these two cost blocks can be excluded. The resulting costs of c. €1.2 billion a year are still more than double the German Bundestag's costs or more than four times the costs of the British House of Commons. On 2 July 2018, MEPs rejected proposals to tighten the rules around the General Expenditure Allowance (GEA) The Parliament is based in three different cities with numerous buildings. A protocol attached to the Treaty of Amsterdam requires that 12 plenary sessions be held in Strasbourg (none in August but two in September), which is the Parliament's official seat, while extra part sessions"
"official home. The Parliament's five buildings, all named after distinguished European politicians, are located in the ""Quartier Européen"" (European Quarter) of the city, which it shares with other European organisations which are separate from the European Union's. Previously the Parliament used to share the same assembly room as the Council of Europe. Today, the principal building is the Louise Weiss building, inaugurated in 1999. The Louise Weiss building (IPE 4) (named after Louise Weiss, a French former member of the parliament), is located in the Wacken district of Strasbourg, south of Schiltigheim, between the 1920s workers' suburban colony (""Cité ouvrière"")"
"which reduce costs. Some commentators further underline that night-life in Strasbourg is comparatively lacklustre and that MEPs who'd wish to relax after a long and hard working day aren't offered many opportunities to do so. The position of Strasbourg suffered a minor blow in 2006, when allegations surfaced over charges by the city of Strasbourg on buildings the Parliament was renting. The controversy died down when the European Parliament decided to officially buy the buildings on 24 October 2006. In May 2006, an online petition, oneseat.eu, was started by MEP Cecilia Malmström calling for a single seat of Parliament, to"
"European institutions in Strasbourg There are a range of European institutions in Strasbourg (France), the oldest of which dates back to 1815. In all, there are more than twenty different institutions based in the Alsatian city. The European Quarter is spread over an area covering the districts of Wacken, Orangerie and Robertsau in the north-west of the city and comprising the intersection of the River Ill and the Marne-Rhine Canal. The first specific European building in the area was the Council of Europe's House of Europe in 1949, with the Rhine Commission being located towards the centre of the city."
"in Europe. Among its main achievements are: Unlike the European Parliament (an institution of the European Union), the Assembly does not have the power to create binding laws. However, it speaks on behalf of 820 million Europeans and has the power to: Important statutory functions of PACE are the election of the judges of the European Court of Human Rights, the Council of Europe's Commissioner for Human Rights and its Secretary General, as well as the members of the Committee for the Prevention of Torture. In general the Assembly meets four times per year in Strasbourg at the Palace of"
"be based in Strasbourg, where it must hold ""twelve periods of monthly plenary sessions, including the budget session"". However additional sessions may be held in Brussels, which is where committees must also meet while the secretariat must remain in Luxembourg. The Commission and Council would be based in Brussels however some Council meetings and some departments of the Commission would be in Luxembourg which would also host the judicial and financial bodies of the EU. However the Central Bank would be in Frankfurt and Europol in The Hague. During the 90s, the development EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)"
"33 communes of the métropole are, with number of inhabitants on 1 January 2014: Eurométropole de Strasbourg Eurométropole de Strasbourg is the ""métropole"", an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Strasbourg. It is located in the Bas-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region, northeastern France. It was created in January 2015, replacing the previous ""Communauté urbaine de Strasbourg"", and covers that part of the Strasbourg metropolitan area that lies in France. Its population was 491,516 in 2014, of which 280,680 in Strasbourg proper. The Urban Community of Strasbourg (French: ""Communauté urbaine de Strasbourg""), also known by its French initials"
"less binding than the other seats. The 2011 Treaty Establishing the European Stability Mechanism (ESM) states that the seat of the ESM must be in Luxembourg. The ESM should be ratified and active in mid-2013 and it is allowed to establish a liaison office in Brussels. There are numerous other bodies and agencies that have not had their seats fixed by treaties. Brussels hosts the European Defence Agency (as NATO and formerly the WEU are also in the city). Luxembourg hosts the Translation Centre for the Bodies of the European Union and the European Investment Bank. Strasbourg and Brussels both"
"Strasbourg is the seat of European Institutions since 1949: first of the International Commission on Civil Status and of the Council of Europe, later of the European Parliament, of the European Science Foundation, of Eurocorps, and others as well. Strasbourg is divided into the following districts: The city is chiefly known for its sandstone Gothic Cathedral with its famous astronomical clock, and for its medieval cityscape of Rhineland black and white timber-framed buildings, particularly in the ""Petite France"" district or ""Gerberviertel"" (""tanners' district"") alongside the Ill and in the streets and squares surrounding the cathedral, where the renowned ""Maison Kammerzell"""
"of conferences, seminars or exchange visits. The final objective is to offer international visitors in Strasbourg the opportunity to meet highly motivated students who are dedicated to research and public debate. Institut d'études politiques de Strasbourg Sciences Po Strasbourg ( or ""Institut d'études politiques de Strasbourg"", abbreviated IEP Strasbourg) is a Grande école located in Strasbourg, France. It was the second IEP, founded on October 9, 1945, after the ""IEP Paris (Sciences Po)"". Since January 1, 2009, it is part of University of Strasbourg, the second largest university in France. Its current director is Gabriel Eckert. The school is highly"
"Espace Léopold The Espace Léopold (French, commonly used in English) or (Dutch) is the complex of parliament buildings in Brussels (Belgium) housing the European Parliament, a legislative chamber of the European Union. It consists of a number of buildings, primarily the oldest, the Paul-Henri Spaak building, which houses the debating chamber and the President's offices, and the Altiero Spinelli building which is the largest. The buildings are located in the European quarter in the east of Brussels, with building starting in 1989. The complex is not the official seat of Parliament, which is the Immeuble Louise Weiss in Strasbourg, France,"
"the grants, including in relation to policy relevance, impact, transferability, innovation and sustainability and / or the communication of project results. Model European Union Strasbourg Model European Union Strasbourg (MEUS) is the original simulation of the European Union’s legislative process organised by BETA France. It was initiated in the spring of 2007 by a group of university students and has since developed to be the World’s largest and most authentic simulation of the EU’s decision-making process. The conference annually gathers around 180 young people from across Europe in the Seat of the European Parliament in Strasbourg, France. Model European Union"
"and Brussels. These institutions later started to be concentrated in the latter city. As various agreements were reached, activities in Luxembourg gradually shifted to Brussels and the Parliament, although bound to remain in Strasbourg, also started to work in Brussels while the courts remained in Luxembourg. The final agreement in 1992 set up the present arrangement, including the division of the Parliament's work between the three cities. In 2002, the European Council, having previously rotated between different cities, decided to base itself in Brussels. The ECSC was founded by the Treaty of Paris in 1951; however, there was no decision"
"response, the European Council adopted on 12 December 1992 in Edinburgh a final agreement on the seats. The ""Decision on the location of the seats of the institutions and of certain bodies and departments of the European Communities"" outlined that the Parliament would be based in Strasbourg, where it would be obliged to hold ""twelve periods of monthly plenary sessions, including the budget session"". However, additional sessions could be held in Brussels, which is where committees also should have met while the secretariat had to remain in Luxembourg. It also provided for the Court of First Instance (now known as"
"René Beeh, Jean/Hans Arp, Charles Münch, Hans Bethe, Maurice Kriegel-Valrimont, Marcel Marceau, Tomi Ungerer, Arsène Wenger, Petit and Matt Pokora. In chronological order, notable residents of Strasbourg include: Johannes Gutenberg, Hans Baldung, Martin Bucer, John Calvin, Joachim Meyer, Johann Carolus, Johann Wolfgang Goethe, Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz, Klemens Wenzel von Metternich, Georg Büchner, Louis Pasteur, Ferdinand Braun, Albrecht Kossel, Georg Simmel, Albert Schweitzer, Otto Klemperer, Marc Bloch, Alberto Fujimori, Marjane Satrapi, Paul Ricoeur and Jean-Marie Lehn. Strasbourg is twinned with: Strasbourg has cooperative agreements with: Strasbourg Strasbourg (, ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the Grand"
"next door to the Council of Europe allows MEPs to keep in touch with delegates from the rest of Europe, such as Russia, and that being in Brussels isolates the EU from such influences. Pro-Strasbourg campaigners also argue that Strasbourg offers more independence for Parliament, away from the other institutions and lobby groups in Brussels. If the Parliament was wholly in Strasbourg, then the news media would also no longer be able to use shortcuts such as ""Brussels decided..."" rather than discuss the detail of the decision markers. Media would also have to be based in Strasbourg and hence might"
"Institutional seats of the European Union The seven institutions of the European Union (EU) are seated in four different cities, ""viz."" Brussels, Frankfurt, Luxembourg and Strasbourg, rather than being concentrated in a single capital city. The EU agencies and other bodies are located all across the union, but usually not fixed in the treaties. The Hague is the only exception, as the fixed seat of the European Police Office (Europol). Over the years, Brussels has become the principal seat, with each major institution and now the European Council being based wholly or in part there, leading to it being popularly"
"the Palace of Europe. It is connected by a bridge to its older office buildings, Pierre Pflimlin, Winston Churchill and Salvador de Madariaga, which are spread out in a broad half circle around the Palace of Europe. The Václav Havel building, inaugurated on 5 July 2017, was originally built in 1955 for the Council of Europe, which used it as ""Building B"" until 2007. In 2012, it was bought by the European Parliament, which renovated it thoroughly, completely transforming its appearance. The location of Parliament has caused some controversy, as its work takes place not only in Strasbourg but also"