"called ""rightside"" castling in ""ThreeChess"" (kingside castling in normal chess); castling to the left is called ""leftside"" castling (queenside castling in normal chess). ""En passant"" captures are performed the same as in normal chess. Pawns promote when reaching the other side of the board the same as in normal chess. Similar to normal chess, there are five ways a game may be drawn without producing a winner: ThreeChess ThreeChess is a three-player chess variant with an associated online-play website. The game features all the familiar chess moves and rules, except to win a player must ""capture"" an enemy king instead"
"Coup en passant Coup en passant is a type of coup in contract bridge where trump trick(s) are ""stolen"" by trying to ruff a card after the player who has the master trump(s). Just as the trump coup resembles a direct finesse, except that trumps are not the suit led, so the ""coup en passant"" similarly resembles an indirect finesse. In this example, spades are trump, and declarer (South) takes two tricks by playing hearts first. Then, with clubs led from the dummy, declarer ruffs if and only if East does not. South's diamond loser will go under East's ace"
"""en passant"" capture. It can occur after a pawn advances two squares using its initial two-step move option, and the square passed over is attacked by an enemy pawn. The enemy pawn is entitled to capture the moved pawn ""in passing"" – as if it had advanced only one square. The capturing pawn moves to the square over which the moved pawn passed (see diagram), and the moved pawn is removed from the board. The option to capture ""en passant"" must be exercised on the move immediately following the double-step pawn advance, or it is lost for the remainder of"
"the game. ""En passant"" was added in the 15th century to compensate for the then newly added two-square initial move rule (Hooper & Whyld 1992:124). Without ""en passant"", a pawn on its initial square could safely bypass a square controlled by an advanced enemy pawn. A pawn that advances all the way to the opposite side of the board (the opposing player's first rank) is ""promoted"" to another piece of that player's choice: a queen, rook, bishop, or knight of the same color. The pawn is immediately (before the opposing player's next move) replaced by the new piece. Since it"
"under the following conditions: When a pawn advances two squares from its starting position and there is an opponent's pawn on an adjacent file next to its destination square, then the opponent's pawn can capture it ""en passant"" (in passing), and move to the square the pawn passed over. This can only be done on the very next move, otherwise the right to do so is forfeit. For example, in the animated diagram, the black pawn advances two squares from g7 to g5, and the white pawn on f5 can take it via ""en passant"" on g6 (but only on"
"en dehors are also referred to as ""lame ducks"". () A non-traveling turn on one leg, of one or more rotations, often starting with one or both legs in ""plié"" and rising onto ""demi-pointe"" or ""pointe"". The non-supporting leg is generally held in ""retiré devant"" ('front')—when initiated from fourth, this would be a retiré passé—but could also be held in other positions such as ""seconde"". Pirouettes are most often executed ""en dehors"", turning outwards in the direction of the working leg, but can also be done ""en dedans"", turning inwards in the direction of the supporting leg. (e.g. ""En dehors"""
"(Portable Game Notation). Each game's starting position must be stored in the PGN for Chess960 and Capablanca Random Chess(CRC) (but not for traditional chess). Storing the starting position is accomplished with a SetUp tag and an FEN string using the definitions for traditional chess games. The specification of an en passant target differs slightly from standard Forsyth-Edwards Notation. FEN records the ""en passant"" square field as the square just behind a pawn that has made a two-square push forward in the latest move. As such, whenever a pawn makes a two-square move, the ""en passant"" square is recorded. From the"
"of ""en passant"" depends on the opponent's previous move. However, practical applications of ""en passant"" occur frequently in pawn endgames, so tablebases account for the possibility of ""en passant"" for positions where both sides have at least one pawn. According to the method described above, the tablebase must allow the possibility that a given piece might occupy any of the 64 squares. In some positions, it is possible to restrict the search space without affecting the result. This saves computational resources and enables searches which would otherwise be impossible. An early analysis of this type was published in 1987, in"
"of spades on one of the last two tricks, and South's king will take the other trick. Here both players have the same number of trumps, but the hand would play the same way if either or both had a small trump in place of the small diamond. The important thing is that declarer must have few enough trumps that dummy can be entered at the critical time. Coup en passant Coup en passant is a type of coup in contract bridge where trump trick(s) are ""stolen"" by trying to ruff a card after the player who has the master"
"check with the ""en passant"" capture fxg6, which cross-checks and checkmates Black. This game is a draw if neither side errs. Another example is this game between Gunnar Gundersen and Albert H. Faul. Black has just moved his pawn from f7 to f5. White could capture the f-pawn ""en passant"" with his e-pawn, but instead played: Note that the bishop on c1 effects the check, via a discovered check. 14...Kh7 results in 15.Qxg7. The ""en passant"" capture and discovered checks place Black in checkmate (from White's rook on h1, even without help from White's bishop; an ""en passant"" capture is"
"that yield counterplay and make an exchange of rooks acceptable. After 60.Ra4, Carlsen's pawn sacrifice 60...h3 turned his f-pawn into a decisive passed pawn, and Anand resigned a few moves later. In the opening, Anand exchanged his bishop for a knight, which led to a structure similar to that of the Exchange Variation of the Ruy Lopez where Black has doubled pawns. Carlsen defended accurately, and after further exchanges the two players settled for a repetition of moves around move 30. Carlsen opted for 1.e4 for the first time in the match and the game developed into a Ruy Lopez,"
"Messi and Ronaldo, the Marseille turn (also known as the ""360"" or ""roulette"") used by Zinedine Zidane, the rainbow flick as used by Neymar, the Cruyff Turn named after Johan Cruyff, and dragging the ball around a defender without it leaving your foot as used by Romário. The next most common instance is also an offensive situation, in which a player, in a reasonable shooting area, fakes a shot to trick a defender coming in for a tackle and have him flinch away. This allows the player to go around the defender and shoot from a closer distance. This dummy"
"the second part, López introduces the word ""gambit"" and gives some openings that had not been previously published: the King's Gambit, some variations of the Bishop's Opening, and what is now known as the Steinitz Defense in the Ruy Lopez. The last two parts of the book are critical of the games of Damiano. After the moves 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3, Damiano thought that 2...Nc6 was Black's best move. López considered that inferior because of 3.Bb5. This opening is now known as the Ruy Lopez, although he did not invent it . Libro de la invencion liberal y arte del juego"
"As a players move, a piece in the pocket can be dropped on any empty position on the board, except the last rank. A pawn can make only a single step from the first rank, but can do a double step from the second one, even if dropped there or moved from the first rank. The ""en passant"" rule applies as in standard chess. Pawns that reach the last rank do not get promoted immediately. Instead, they can be placed into the pocket and promoted to a piece of higher class. There is no castling in this chess variant. The"
"in reality is another. These plays typically will catch defenses off guard. Common examples of trick plays are the Half Back Pass or Razzle Dazzle (Where the running back will pretend to run the ball, but instead throws it to a receiver down field), the Flea flicker (The quarterback hands the ball off to the running back who in turns pitches it back to the quarterback who then throws it to a receiver down field), and the Hook and Ladder, also known as the Hook and Lateral (One receiver runs a hook route and upon catching the ball, laterals it"
"a significant advantage against it in the 18th game. It is solid but slightly passive. Confusingly 9...Nd7 is also called the Chigorin Variation so there are two variations of the Ruy Lopez with that name, but 9...Na5 is the move more commonly associated with Chigorin. This defense is also known as the Keres Variation, after Paul Keres. The Kholmov Variation, 9...Be6, was popular in the 1980s but is now rarely played. The main line runs 10.d4 Bxb3 11.axb3 (11.Qxb3 is another option) exd4 12.cxd4 d5 13.e5 Ne4 14.Nc3 f5 15.exf6 Bxf6 16.Nxe4 dxe4 17.Rxe4 Qd5 18.Rg4, when it has been"
"any time. While the forward pass is an invention of the North American games, the lateral and backward pass is also a part of rugby union and rugby league, where such passes are the norm. Compared to its use in rugby, laterals and backward passes are less common in North American football, due to a much greater focus on ball control in American football strategy; they are most commonly used by the quarterback, after taking the snap, to quickly transfer (""pitch"") the ball a short distance to a nearby running back (or, rarely, wide receiver) on a rushing play. Laterals"
"move carries no immediate threat, Black can respond in a wide variety of ways. Traditionally, White's objective in playing the Ruy Lopez is to spoil Black's pawn structure; either way Black recaptures following the exchange on c6 will have negative features for him, though he thereby gains the . However, in modern practice, White does not always exchange bishop for knight on c6, preferring the retreat 4. Ba4 if chased by 3...a6. The theory of the Ruy Lopez is the most extensively developed of all open games, with some lines having been analysed well beyond move thirty. At nearly every"
"Pelé runaround move The Pelé runaround move is a football move designed to get around an opponent. The move requires split-second timing and speed in execution - letting a pass from a teammate approach but allowing it run past the opponent, then sprinting around the opposing player to continue the attack. It relies on speed for its execution in situations where there is little time or space. The ""Pelé variant"" was demonstrated by Brazilian Pelé during the 1970 FIFA World Cup match against Uruguay. In the second half, Brazilian centre-forward Tostão played a through pass to Pelé as a counter-attack"
"an opponent's piece, which is captured and removed from play. With the sole exception of ""en passant"", all pieces capture by moving to the square that the opponent's piece occupies. A player may not make any move that would put or leave the player's own king under attack. A player cannot ""pass""; at each turn one must make a legal move (this is the basis for the finesse called zugzwang). If the player to move has no legal move, the game is over; it is either a checkmate (a loss for the player with no legal moves) if the king"
"10.Nxe6 Bxd4!! 11.Nxd8 Bf2+ and White cannot escape the checks. Even top players have made incorrect claims of a draw under this rule. The Karpov versus Miles game is an example of the right to castle having to be the same in all positions. The Fischer versus Spassky game is an example that it must be the same player's move in all three positions. The clause about the right to ""en passant"" and the right to castle is a subtle but important one. In a game between grandmasters Anatoly Karpov and Tony Miles (Tilburg 1986), Karpov had less than five"
"to strongly favour White until a seminal game (Taimanov-Najdorf 1953) where Black introduced the maneuver Rf8-f7, Bg7-f8, Rf7-g7. When the chain arises in the Ruy Lopez, play is much slower with tempo being of little value and featuring piece maneuvering by both sides, Black focusing on the c7-c6 break and White often trying to play on the kingside with the f2-f4 break. Openings: Primary: French. Other: Nimzowitsch Defence. Character: Closed/semi-open but sharp game. Themes for White: kingside mating attack, f2-f4-f5 break. Themes for Black: Exchanging the hemmed-in QB, c7-c5 and f7-f6 breaks. Due to White's kingside space advantage and development"
"leading to mate or gain of material) from a given position. Such puzzles are often taken from actual games, or at least have positions which look as if they could have arisen during a game, and are used for instructional purposes. Most such puzzles fail to exhibit the above features. There are various different types of chess problems: In all the above types of problem, castling is assumed to be allowed unless it can be proved by retrograde analysis (see below) that the rook in question or king must have previously moved. ""En passant"" captures, on the other hand, are"
"make a three-step initial move; the b-, c-, g-, and h-pawns can make a double-step initially; and the a- and i-pawns can advance only one step.) A pawn captures diagonally like a bishop, but one step away (one rank and one file). When a pawn makes a multi-step move, it is subject to capture by ""en passant"". In the diagram, the black pawn on d8 has three possible moves, but none is safe: after 1... d7 it can be captured 2. exd7; after 1... d6 it can be captured 2. exd7 or 2. cxd6; after 1... d5 it can be"
"Step over The step over (also known as the pedalada, the denílson, or the scissors) is a dribbling move, or feint, in football, used to fool a defensive player into thinking the offensive player, in possession of the ball, is going to move in a direction he does not intend to move in. The move was reportedly invented by Argentine striker Pedro Calomino in the early 1900s. It was reportedly first used in Europe by Dutch player Law Adam, who was famous for it in the late 1920s/early 1930s, earning the nickname ""Adam the Scissorsman"", and it was later also"
"and the possibility of exploiting the dark squares while Black gets an overextended e5 pawn to work on. Openings: Primary: King's Indian, Old Indian (colors reversed), Ruy Lopez. Other: Ruy Lopez (colors reversed). The notation in the rest of this section refers to the colors reversed version. Character: Semi-open game. Themes for White: d6 weakness, c4-c5 push, a3-f8 diagonal, queenside pawn storm. Themes for Black: d4 weakness, a1-h8 diagonal, f4 square, kingside attack, trading pieces for a superior endgame. The Rauzer formation is named after Rauzer who introduced it in the Ruy Lopez. It can also rarely occur in the"
"variation is known as a rollout. After escaping the area behind the offensive line, the quarterback may either throw a pass downfield or run with the ball himself to gain yardage. A bootleg is called to confuse the defense, by moving the quarterback away from where they expect him to be, directly behind the center. The quarterback's motion may also attract the attention of the defensive backs, allowing one of the receivers to become uncovered. The play is typically used by teams with mobile quarterbacks, such as Steve Young, Randall Cunningham and Russell Wilson. Additional variations can be combined with"
"If a player is in check, he must move out of check on the first move of the turn. It is not allowed to move the king into check on the first move of a turn and then move out of check on the second. ""En passant"" capture is allowed even if the opponent moved the corresponding pawn on the first move of their turn. Capturing ""en passant"", however, must be done on the first move of the turn. When ""two"" pawns can be captured ""en passant"", both can be captured in the turn. To ensure White's advantage of moving"
"""En passant"" capture is allowed; the threatened pawn and the square it moved through are both visible to the capturing player, but only until the end of the turn. Unlike standard chess, castling is allowed out of check, into check, and through the positions attacked by enemy pieces. This chess variant is best played on one of the online chess servers. For playing over-the-board, three chess sets and a referee are needed, just as in Kriegspiel. There are some minor differences in the rules on different servers: Generally, because basic Dark chess rules are universal with respect to its ""parent"""
"Marseille turn The Marseille turn, also known as the ""360"", the ""Girosflin"", the ""Roulette"", and the ""double drag-back"", is a specialised dribbling skill unique to the game of football. Diego Maradona and Zinedine Zidane are arguably the most notable exponents of the move, thus it has also been known as the ""Maradona turn"" and ""Zidane turn"". Zinedine Zidane has been known to use different variations of the Marseille turn. Instead of using his sole to drag the ball back in the move's first phase, he sometimes uses his instep, especially if he is performing the move while running at high"
"speed and split-second timing is all, or where there is more time and space to fake out an opponent. In both scenarios, it can lead to spectacular results. Pelé runaround move The Pelé runaround move is a football move designed to get around an opponent. The move requires split-second timing and speed in execution - letting a pass from a teammate approach but allowing it run past the opponent, then sprinting around the opposing player to continue the attack. It relies on speed for its execution in situations where there is little time or space. The ""Pelé variant"" was demonstrated"
"their most famous rondos prior to the 2011 UEFA Champions League Final, in which they roundly defeated Manchester United. Rondo (game) A rondo is a type of game, similar to keep away, that is used as a training drill in association football (soccer). In a rondo, one group of players is tasked with keeping possession of the ball while completing a series of passes, while a smaller group of players (sometimes a single player) tries to take possession. Rondos take place in close proximity, with the possessing group often circled around the opposing group. Unlike other possession games, in a"
"and Canadian football as it is strictly forbidden in rugby league. The ball can be thrown sideways or backwards without restriction in both games. In American football this is known as a lateral and is much less common than in rugby league. The lateral is most commonly seen on plays at the very end of the game when a team needing a touchdown with only time on the clock for one more play attempts to avoid being tackled by passing to any teammate behind him that may advance the ball. A common trick play called the hook and ladder combines"