"television shows, video games, comics, toys, and musical albums (prominent examples of works featuring fictional languages include the Middle-Earth and ""Star Trek"" universes and the game ""Myst""). A notable subgenre of fictional languages are alien languages, the ones that are used or might be used by putative extraterrestrial life forms. Alien languages are subject of both science fiction and scientific research. Perhaps the most fully developed fictional alien language is the Klingon language of the ""Star Trek"" universe - a fully developed constructed language. The problem of alien language has confronted generations of science fiction writers; some have created fictional"
"Atlantean language The Atlantean language is a constructed language created by Marc Okrand for the Disney film """". The language was intended by the script-writers to be a possible ""mother language"", and Okrand crafted it to include a vast Indo-European word stock with its very own grammar, which is at times described as highly agglutinative, inspired by Sumerian and North American languages. The Atlantean language (""Dig Adlantisag"") is a historically constructed, artistic language put together by Marc Okrand for Disney's 2001 film ""Atlantis: The Lost Empire"" and associated media. The Atlantean language is therefore based both on historic reconstructions as"
"depicting the Leviathan from the film. A rare promotional edition (featuring 73 minutes of material, compared to the 53 minutes on standard commercial editions) was intended only for Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences voters, but was bootlegged and distributed with fan-created artwork. The Atlantean language is a constructed language created by Marc Okrand for Disney's film """". The language was intended by the script-writers to be a possible ""mother language"", and Okrand crafted it to include a vast Indo-European word stock with its very own grammar, which is at times described as highly agglutinative, inspired by Sumarian and"
"are therefore necessarily designed with ""a priori"" features. Examples include Ithkuil, Kotava, Lojban (and its predecessor Loglan, both of which are also schematic), and even the fictional-setting Láadan. Most artistic languages, i.e. those created for amusement or to serve as natural languages of fictional worlds, are largely ""a priori"" in both vocabulary and grammar. Among classical ""fictional natural languages"" are Klingon from the science-fiction franchise ""Star Trek"" and the languages created by fantasy writer J. R. R. Tolkien. Other examples include Dothraki and Valyrian from ""Game of Thrones', 'Trigedasleng from The 100, Atlantean from """", Kēlen by Sylvia Sotomayor and"
"other canonical descriptions of the language. While constructed languages (""conlangs"") are viewed as creations with copyright protection, natural languages are not protected, excluding dictionaries and/or other works created with them. Mizuki Miyashita and Laura Moll note, ""Copyrights on dictionaries are unusual because the entries in the dictionary are not copyrightable as the words themselves are facts, and facts can not be copyrighted. However, the formatting, example sentences, and instructions for dictionary use are created by the author, so they are copyrightable."" Okrand had studied some Native American and Southeast Asian languages,<ref> Klingon language The Klingon language (""codice_1"", , in ""codice_2"""
"Spocania is one of the most elaborated fictional cultures ever published. In its fictional setting, Spocanian is a member of the ""Atlantic language"" family. As a constructed language, it can be classified as a highly naturalistic a priori language: apart from loan words from European languages, the basic vocabulary and the grammar are unique. Grammar itself is full of ""bizarre characteristics"": With a dictionary of over 25,000 entries, Spocanian is one of the most elaborated artistic languages ever created. Spocanian Spocanian () is a constructed language, created by the Dutch linguist Rolandt Tweehuysen. Unlike such invented languages as Esperanto, Spocanian"
"compared to natural languages, containing around 2,000 words after it had been created in the 1990s. After its initial creation, Okrand has frequently created new words, so that the total number of words has grown up to approximately 3,000. Okrand persuaded Pocket Books to publish ""The Klingon Dictionary"" in 1985; in it, Okrand elaborated on the Klingon language's grammar, syntax, and vocabulary. While Okrand expected the book to only sell as a novelty item, eleven years after publication it had sold 250,000 copies. Dedicated Klingon enthusiasts, some but not all of whom were ""Star Trek"" fans, created the Klingon Language"
"this premise of what seemed to be a conventional ghost story. The outline was so brief it allowed for a great deal of license, so he made it into a 29,560 word story about a mound that conceals a gateway to a subterranean civilization, the realm of K'n-yan, which one of the main characters enters and lives in for a while. The story is one of only three by Lovecraft where a non-human culture is described in rich details, the other two being ""At the Mountains of Madness"" and ""The Shadow Out of Time"". It is not as well known"
"imaginary languages to have this type of depth, Barker developed entire cultures, histories, dress fashions, architectural styles, weapons, armor, tactical styles, legal codes, demographics and more, inspired by Indian, Middle Eastern, Egyptian and Meso-American mythology in contrast to the majority of such fantasy settings, which draw primarily on European mythologies. The world of Tékumel, a fictional planet around star Nu Ophiuchi (a.k.a. Sinistra), was first settled by humans exploring the galaxy about 60,000 years in the future, along with several other alien species. Their extensive terraforming of the inhospitable environment, including changing the planet's orbit and rotation rate to create"
"Alien language in science fiction A formal description of an alien language in science fiction may have been pioneered by Percy Greg's Martian language (he called it ""Martial"") in his 1880 novel ""Across the Zodiac"", although already the 17th century book ""The Man in the Moone"" describes the language of the Lunars, consisting ""not so much of words and letters as tunes and strange sounds"", which is in turn predated by other invented languages in fictional societies, e.g., in Thomas More's ""Utopia"". As the science fiction genre developed, so did the use of the literary trope of alien languages. Some"
"script, which describes the language of the Jawas as ""a queer, unintelligible language"" and that of the Tusken Raiders as ""a coarse, barbaric language"". Wilce also pointed out discussion on the usage of real non-English to create the ""Otherness"" of characters such as Jabba the Hutt, Greedo, and the Ewoks. Languages in Star Wars The ""Star Wars"" science fiction universe, created by George Lucas, features dialogue that is not spoken in natural languages. The lingua franca of the franchise, for which the language the works are dubbed or written stand in, is Galactic Basic. Characters often speak languages other than"
"depart Earth without actually making contact with humans. The exotic looking alien script seen in several places in this movie is actually the real Glagolitic alphabet. The name of the alien leader - Cyrillus - bears a resemblance to Saint Cyril, who invented the Glagolitic alphabet. Also, the language spoken by the aliens (which is never translated in the movie) is the Walloon language, a real but rare dialect from Belgium, where the movie was produced. It is completely unrelated to the Glegolithic script. On the approach of the manned probes to the surface, the coastline appears to be that"
"well as on the elaborate fantasy/science fiction of the ""Atlantis: The Lost Empire"" mythos. The fictional principles upon which the Atlantean language was created are: Atlantean is the “Tower of Babel language”, the “root dialect” from which all languages descended; it has existed without change since sometime before 100,000 B.C., within the First or Second Age of Atlantis until the present. To accomplish this, Dr. Okrand looked for common characteristics from various world languages and was also heavily inspired by the Proto-Indo-European language. His main source of words (roots and stems) for the language is Proto-Indo-European, but Okrand combines this"
"ability to communicate through thought, and had no need for a spoken language, but it appears that Valarin developed because of their assumption of physical, humanlike (or elf-like) forms. Valarin is unrelated to the other languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien. Only a few words (mainly proper names) of Valarin have been recorded by the Elves. Valarin was alien to the ears of the Elves, sometimes to the point of genuine displeasure, and very few of them ever learned the language, only adopting some of the Valarin words into their own Quenya. The Valar knew Quenya, and used it"
"with Biblical Hebrew, later Indo-European languages such as Latin and Greek, and a variety of other known or reconstructed ancient languages. Atlantean has its own script created expressly for the movie by John Emerson with the help of Marc Okrand, and inspired by ancient alphabetical scripts, most notably Semitic. There are, however, different kinds of transliteration into the Roman script. There is no punctuation or capitalization in the native Atlantean Writing System. Okrand based this on ancient writing systems. The Atlantean Script is normally in boustrophedon, that is to say it is written left to right for the first line,"
"""language"", which in-game appears as horizontal blocks of pixel-style glyphs, is a completely fake language that Barth created for the game. The glyphs were based on envisioning an idea of a 5x5 pixel block using visual rules that are common among other real pictorial alphabets, including the idea of punctuation, which he felt was appropriate for the alien race that built everything out of cubes. While Barth uses consistency in placing this glyphs into the game, using a limited font set he entitled Overlord, there was otherwise no intended meaning. Barth had run a small alternate reality game that demonstrated"
"Rice Burroughs was possibly the first fiction of that century to feature a constructed language. J. R. R. Tolkien developed a family of related fictional languages and discussed artistic languages publicly, giving a lecture entitled """"A Secret Vice"""" in 1931 at a congress. (Orwell's Newspeak is considered a satire of an IAL rather than an artistic language proper.) By the beginning of the first decade of the 21st century, it had become common for science-fiction and fantasy works set in other worlds to feature constructed languages, or more commonly, an extremely limited but defined vocabulary which ""suggests"" the existence of"
"North American languages. To create this, Dr. Okrand took common characteristics of all world languages and applied them to the Proto-Indo-European language. His main source of words (roots and stems) for the language is Proto-Indo-European, but Okrand also uses ancient Chinese, Biblical Hebrew, Latin and Greek languages, along with a variety of other ancient languages or ancient language reconstruction. Atlantis (franchise) Atlantis is a Disney media franchise, commencing in 2001 with the theatrical release of the traditionally animated action-adventure film """". is a 2001 American traditionally animated action-adventure film created by Walt Disney Animation Studios—the first science fiction film in"
"use in books, movies, television shows, video games, comics, toys, and songs. Prominent examples of works featuring fictional languages include the Middle-earth and ""Star Trek"" universes, the game Ico and the songs of the French band Magma, singing in Kobaïan. Internet-based fictional languages are hosted along with their ""conworlds"" on the Internet, and based at these sites, becoming known to the world through the visitors to these sites. An example is Verdurian, the language of Mark Rosenfelder's Verduria on the planet of Almea. Alternative languages, or ""altlangs"", speculate on an alternate history and try to reconstruct how a family of"
"Quenya grammar Quenya is a fictional language devised by J. R. R. Tolkien, and used in his fictional universe, often called Middle-earth. Here are presented a resume of the grammatical rules of late Quenya as established from Tolkien's writings c. 1951–1973. It is almost impossible to extrapolate the morphological rules of the Quenya tongue from published data because Quenya is a fictional ""irregular"" language that is heavily influenced by natural languages, like Finnish and Latin – not an international auxiliary language with a regular morphology. Tolkien wrote several synchronic grammars of Quenya but only one has been published in full:"
"was present on the film's set. In the Stanisław Lem novel ""His Master's Voice"", Lincos is mentioned together with Loglan. Lincos (artificial language) Lincos (an abbreviation of the Latin phrase ""lingua cosmica"") is a constructed language first described in 1960 by Dr. Hans Freudenthal in his book ""Lincos: Design of a Language for Cosmic Intercourse, Part 1"". It is a language designed to be understandable by any possible intelligent extraterrestrial life form, for use in interstellar radio transmissions. Freudenthal considered that such a language should be easily understood by beings not acquainted with any Earthling syntax or language. Lincos was"
"Orkworld Orkworld is a fantasy role-playing game featuring orks. It was designed by John Wick, illustrated by Thomas Denmark and released by Wicked Press. According to Wick, ""Orkworld"" breaks from the mold of treating orks as evil monsters in tabletop role-playing games and fantasy literature dating back to their creation by J. R. R. Tolkien. Orkworld treats orks as protagonists (although not necessarily heroic ones), doomed by the fact that they are less intelligent and adaptable than their enemy races of humanity, dwarf-kind and elvenfolk. The game is heavily descriptive of a fantastical orkish culture. Orkworld is also unusual in"
"Omnilingual ""Omnilingual"" is a science fiction short story by American writer H. Beam Piper. Originally published in the February 1957 issue of ""Astounding Science Fiction"", it focuses on the problem of archaeology on an alien culture. An expedition from Earth to Mars discovers a deserted city, the remains of an advanced civilization that died out 50,000 years before. The human scientists recover books and documents left behind, and are puzzled by their contents. Earnest young archeologist Martha Dane deciphers a few words, but the real breakthrough comes when the team explores what appears to have been a university in which"
"war gods of classical myth. These characters are dropped from Tolkien's later works. Tolkien at first decided that Valarin, the tongue of the Valar as it is called in Quenya, would be the proto-language of the Elves, the tongue Oromë taught to the speechless Elves. He then developed the Valarin tongue and its grammar in the early 1930s. Ten years later he decided to drop that idea, and the tongue he had developed became Primitive Quendian instead. He then conceived an entirely new tongue for the Valar, still called Valarin in Quenya. The Valar as spiritual immortal beings have the"
"is not known. The best-known constructed scripts dedicated to fictional languages are J. R. R. Tolkien's elaborate Tengwar and Cirth, but many others exist, such as the Klingon script from ""Star Trek"", Aurebesh from ""Star Wars"", D'ni from the ""Myst"" series of video games, and the Orokin language (referred to by members of the community as ""Tennobet"", a portmanteau of alphabet) from the video game ""Warframe"". Several writing systems have been devised for technical purposes by specialists in various fields. One of the most prominent of these is the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), used by linguists to describe the sounds"
"Shakespeare Programming Language The Shakespeare Programming Language (SPL) is an esoteric programming language designed by Jon Åslund and Karl Hasselström. Like the Chef programming language, it is designed to make programs appear to be something other than programs; in this case, Shakespearean plays. A character list in the beginning of the program declares a number of stacks, naturally with names like ""Romeo"" and ""Juliet"". These characters enter into dialogue with each other in which they manipulate each other's topmost values, push and pop each other, and do I/O. The characters can also ask each other questions which behave as conditional"
"Verdurian language The Verdurian language (known in Verdurian as soa Sfahe, ""the Speech"") is a constructed language invented by Mark Rosenfelder in 1995 and hosted at his website, Zompist.com. Verdurian is a fictional language, which in Rosenfelder's constructed world is spoken in the nation of Verduria, on the planet Almea. Verdurian is the most-developed and best-known of the languages of Almea. Verdurian's phonology has eight vowels and twenty-one consonants. Among the most exotic of its sounds is the voiced uvular fricative (ʁ), which is transcribed as an R with a háček over it (Ř, ř). Verdurian also has its own"
"world"" of prehistoric animals, plants and people sustained by volcanic heat despite the long Antarctic night. A secondary plot of four yachtsmen who find the manuscript written by Adam More and sealed in a copper cylinder forms a frame for the central narrative. They comment on More's report, and one identifies the Kosekin language as a Semitic language, possibly derived from Hebrew. In his strange volcanic world, More also finds a well-developed human society which in the tradition of topsy-turvy worlds of folklore and satire (compare Sir Thomas More's ""Utopia"", ""Erewhon"" by Samuel Butler, or Charlotte Perkins Gilman's ""Herland"") has"
"seen in the language over a 600-year period: From a 14th-century manuscript, ""Noble Deeds of Ottokar IV"": Medieval Spelling Modern Spelling Cyrillic Spelling English translation: More Examples Syldavian Syldavian is a fictional West Germanic language created by Hergé as the national language of Syldavia, a small fictional Balkan kingdom that serves as a major setting in many of ""The Adventures of Tintin"" stories. Hergé modeled the language on Marols, a dialect of Dutch spoken in and around Brussels. The entire corpus of the language has been analyzed by Mark Rosenfelder. As presented in the Tintin books, Syldavian has a superficial"
"egg-laying, Martians have inexplicably mammalian characteristics such as a navel and breasts. While they have skins of various colors, and their bodies differ in some cases from traditional humans, they are very similar to varieties of Earth humans and there is little examination of difference. There is only one spoken language across the entire planet, but a variety of writing systems. All Martians are telepathic among one another, and also with domestic animals. Other telepathic abilities are demonstrated across the books. The Lotharians in ""Thuvia, Maid of Mars"", are able to project images of warfare that can kill by suggestion."
"that Fénius Farsaid visited Shinar after the confusion of tongues, and he and his scholars studied the various languages for ten years, taking the best features of each to create ""in Bérla tóbaide"" (""the selected language""), which he named ""Goídelc""—the Irish language. This appears to be the first mention of the concept of a constructed language in literature. The earliest non-natural languages were considered less ""constructed"" than ""super-natural"", mystical, or divinely inspired. The Lingua Ignota, recorded in the 12th century by St. Hildegard of Bingen is an example, and apparently the first entirely artificial language. It is a form of"
"Galach (Dune) Galach is the universal lingua franca in the fictional ""Dune"" universe created by Frank Herbert, described in the ""Terminology of the Imperium"" appendix of ""Dune"" as ""Hybrid Inglo-Slavic with strong traces of cultural-specialization terms adopted during the long chain of human migrations,"" indicating that the language likely has English and Russian origins. As the official language of the Imperium, Galach is used in official texts and in the Royal Court on Kaitain. It also appears as the universal language in other novels by Herbert, such as ""Whipping Star"" and ""The Dosadi Experiment"". Willis E. McNelly's ""The Dune Encyclopedia"""
"developed languages of their own. The existence of alien languages and the ease or difficulty of translation is used as a plot device or script element in a number of franchises, sometimes seriously, and sometimes for comedic value. Other works present detailed, concrete examples of the difficulty of learning alien languages due to linguistic relativity. Other science fiction stories imagine communication through telepathy. Alien language in science fiction A formal description of an alien language in science fiction may have been pioneered by Percy Greg's Martian language (he called it ""Martial"") in his 1880 novel ""Across the Zodiac"", although already"