"which are common foot soldiers and are armed with pike or musket; regiments of ""horse"", which are groups on horseback and armed with swords and carbines; and regiments of artillery armed with cannon of various sizes. English Civil War Society The English Civil War Society was founded in 1980 and is the umbrella organisation for the King's Army and the Roundhead Association. The purpose of the Society is to raise awareness of the conflict between King Charles I of England and his supporters and their opponents in Parliament and Scotland. The society does this by staging re-enactments of civil war"
"Roundhead Roundheads were supporters of the Parliament of England during the English Civil War (1641–1652). Also known as Parliamentarians, they fought against King Charles I of England and his supporters, known as the Cavaliers or Royalists, who claimed rule by absolute monarchy and the principle of the 'divine right of kings'. The goal of the Roundhead party was to give the Parliament supreme control over executive administration of the country/kingdom. Most Roundheads sought constitutional monarchy in place of the absolutist monarchy sought by Charles. However, at the end of the English Civil War in 1649, public antipathy towards the king"
"""Cavalier"" was replaced with ""Tory"", an Irish term introduced by their opponents, and also initially a pejorative term. Attribution Roundhead Roundheads were supporters of the Parliament of England during the English Civil War (1641–1652). Also known as Parliamentarians, they fought against King Charles I of England and his supporters, known as the Cavaliers or Royalists, who claimed rule by absolute monarchy and the principle of the 'divine right of kings'. The goal of the Roundhead party was to give the Parliament supreme control over executive administration of the country/kingdom. Most Roundheads sought constitutional monarchy in place of the absolutist monarchy"
"parliament deteriorated further. When trouble started to brew in Ireland, both Charles and his parliament raised armies to quell the uprisings by native Catholics there. It was not long before it was clear that these forces would end up fighting each other, leading to the English Civil War which began with the Battle of Edgehill in October 1642: those supporting the cause of parliament were called Parliamentarians (or Roundheads). Battles between Crown and Parliament would continue throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, but parliament was no longer subservient to the English monarchy. This change was symbolised in the execution of"
"The English Civil War was a battle over not only religious and political beliefs, but also economic and social as well. This war was between Parliamentarians and Royalists and took place from 1642 to 1651, but was broken into several separate engagements. Charles I and his supporters experienced the first two periods of the war, which resulted in King Charles I dissolving Parliament, which would not be called into session again for over ten years. Reasons for this dismissal were because supporters of Long Parliament tried to install two resolutions into English law. One called for consequences against individuals that"
"de facto Parliament in Westminster). In consequence he was disabled from sitting in the House of Commons on 22 January 1644 and made to suffer, although not excessively, for his support of the King's cause. Eure died at his home at Gatley Park, Herefordshire in 1659. Sampson Eure Sir Sampson Eure (died 1659) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1643. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War. Eure was the son of Sir Francis Eure of Upper Heyford, Oxfordshire,and his first wife, Elizabeth. He was admitted"
"of the English Civil War. The Court Party soon became known as the Tories, a name that has stuck despite the official name being 'Conservative'. The term ""Tory"" originates from the Exclusion Bill crisis of 1678-1681 - the Whigs were those who supported the exclusion of the Roman Catholic Duke of York from the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland, and the Tories were those who opposed it. Both names were originally insults: a ""whiggamore"" was a horse drover (See Whiggamore Raid), and a ""tory"" (""Tóraidhe"") was an Irish term for an outlaw, later applied to Irish Confederates and Irish"
"that distinctive political and religious character which it ultimately bore"". Notes Bibliography Agitator The Agitators were a political movement as well as elected representatives of soldiers, including the New Model Army of Oliver Cromwell, during the English Civil War. They were also known as ""adjutators"". Many of the ideas of the movement were later adopted by the Levellers. ""Agitators"", or ""adjutators"", was the name given to representatives elected in 1647 by the different regiments of the English Parliamentary army. The word really means an agent, but it was confused with ""adjutant,"" often called ""agitant,"" a title familiar to the soldiers,"
"forces are to be surprised and overthrown, leading to the end of liberty and the “Protestant Religion.” In response to this the members of Parliament make a Vow to devote their every effort and all their resources to the opposition of the King and his “Popish” purposes. The Vow also includes a personal statement of repentance and faith. Vow and covenant (English Civil War) The Vow and covenant was an act of solidarity taken by members of the House of Commons of England (7 June 1643) and the House of Lords (9 June 1643) demonstrating Parliament’s unified opposition to Charles"
"of the other units were formed. At the same time, the criticism of the Earls of Manchester and Essex resulted in the Self-denying Ordinance, which placed command of the New Model Army in the hands of professional soldiers. Eastern Association The Eastern Association of counties was a Parliamentarian organisation during the English Civil War. It provided and administered an army which eventually became a mainstay of the Parliamentarian military effort towards the end of 1644. As part of Parliament's efforts to improve the administration of its forces, the Parliamentarian militias of Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, Suffolk, Cambridgeshire were established as the"
"its principles and politics, though not its organization, to the English Civil War which divided England between the Royalist (or ""Cavalier"") supporters of King Charles I and the supporters of the Long Parliament upon which the King had declared war. This action resulted from this parliament not allowing him to levy taxes without yielding to its terms. In the beginning of the Long Parliament (1641), the King's supporters were few, and the Parliament pursued a course of reform of previous abuses. The increasing radicalism of the Parliamentary majority, however, estranged many reformers even in the Parliament itself and drove them"
"captain in the parliamentarian army of the Earl of Essex, and in 1645 a Colonel in the New Model Army. James Sheffield, Baron Sheffield James Sheffield, Baron Sheffield (""fl."" 1640) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons of England in 1640. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War. Sheffield was the son of Edmund Sheffield and his wife Mariana Irwin. When his father became Earl of Mulgrave, he received the courtesy title Baron Sheffield. He died before his father and the title went to his nephew, Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave. In"
"Philip Stapleton Sir Philip Stapleton (1603–1647), of Warter-on-the Wolds in Yorkshire, was an English Member of Parliament, a supporter of the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War. His surname is also sometimes spelt Stapylton or Stapilton. He was the second son of Henry Stapleton of Wighill (d. 1630). He was admitted as a fellow-commoner of Queens' College, Cambridge in 1617. In 1630 he was knighted. He served as MP for Hedon in the Short Parliament (Apr 1640) and Boroughbridge in the Long Parliament (Nov 1640). In 1642 he was appointed parliamentary commissioner in Yorkshire. When the civil war broke"
"Agitator The Agitators were a political movement as well as elected representatives of soldiers, including the New Model Army of Oliver Cromwell, during the English Civil War. They were also known as ""adjutators"". Many of the ideas of the movement were later adopted by the Levellers. ""Agitators"", or ""adjutators"", was the name given to representatives elected in 1647 by the different regiments of the English Parliamentary army. The word really means an agent, but it was confused with ""adjutant,"" often called ""agitant,"" a title familiar to the soldiers, and thus the form ""adjutator"" came into use. Early in 1647 the"
"Vow and covenant (English Civil War) The Vow and covenant was an act of solidarity taken by members of the House of Commons of England (7 June 1643) and the House of Lords (9 June 1643) demonstrating Parliament’s unified opposition to Charles I and willingness to prosecute the war with the King. The Vow and Covenant also demonstrates the level of personal religious devotion professed by the members of the Long Parliament at this time. The Vow and Covenant asserts there is a “a Popish and traiterous Plot for the Subversion of the true Protestant Reformed Religion” whereby the Parliament’s"
"Thus the English Parliament refused to pay for a royal army to put down the rebellion in Ireland; instead Parliament decided to raise its own armed forces. The king did likewise, rallying those Royalists (some of them members of Parliament) who believed their fortunes were best served by loyalty to the king. The English Civil War ignited in 1642. Scottish Covenanters (as Presbyterians there called themselves) joined forces with the English Parliament in late 1643 and played a major role in the Parliamentary victory. Over more than two years the king's forces were ground down by the efficiency of those"
"King's sanction and that this was a foretaste of what was in store for them if the King's Irish troops landed in Britain. As a result, the English Parliament refused to pay for a royal army to put down the rebellion in Ireland and instead raised its own armed forces. The King did likewise, rallying those Royalists (some of them members of Parliament) who believed that loyalty to the legitimate King was the most important political principle. The English Civil War broke out in 1642. The Scottish Covenanters, as the Presbyterians called themselves, sided with the English Parliament, joined the"
"was no king. The English Civil War consisted of a series of armed conflicts and political machinations that took place between Parliamentarians (known as Roundheads) and Royalists (known as Cavaliers) between 1642 and 1651. The first (1642–1646) and second (1648–1649) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third war (1649–1651) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament. The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651. The ""Diggers"" were a group begun by Gerrard"
"dissenting Nonconformist sects) within the lower ranks. In the aftermath of the Second English Civil War, Parliament was made subservient to the wishes of the Army Council whose leading political figure was Oliver Cromwell. In an episode known as Pride's Purge, troops used force to prevent members of the House of Commons opposed to the Army Council from attending Parliament. The resulting Rump Parliament passed the necessary legislation to have King Charles I tried and executed by beheading, and to declare England a Commonwealth. The next two years saw the New Model Army invade first Ireland and then Scotland defeating"
"John Poulett, 2nd Baron Poulett John Poulett, 2nd Baron Poulett DL (1615 – 15 September 1665), of Hinton St George in Somerset, was an English peer and Member of Parliament who fought on the Royalist side during the English Civil War. The son of John Poulett, 1st Baron Poulett (1585–1649), he was knighted in 1635 and elected to the Long Parliament as Member for Somerset in 1640, but was ejected for his Royalist sympathies in 1642. In 1643 he was awarded the degree of Doctor of Medicine at Exeter College, Oxford. During the war he first commanded a regiment in"
"either Whig or Marxist history. Parliament was not inherently progressive, with the events of 1640 a precursor for the Glorious Revolution, nor did Puritans necessarily ally themselves with Parliamentarians. Many members of the bourgeoisie fought for the King, while many landed aristocrats supported Parliament. Thus, revisionist historians claim to have discredited some Whig and Marxist interpretations of the English Civil War. From the 1990s, a number of historians discarded and replaced the historical title ""English Civil War"" with the titles the Wars of the Three Kingdoms and the ""British Civil Wars"", positing that the civil war in England cannot be"
"ultimately subject to the English monarchy. The parliament's membership mostly consisted of land-owning Roman Catholic Jacobites who lost the ensuing War of the Grand Alliance in 1689–91. The name was then used from the 1720s to describe Irish supporters of the British Whig party, specifically the Patriot faction within it. Swift's ""Drapier's Letters"" and earlier works by Domville, Molyneaux and Lucas are seen as precursors, deploring the undue control exercised by the British establishment over the Irish political system. In contrast with the 1689 parliament, this movement consisted of middle-class Protestants. The appointed senior political and church officials were usually"
"endorse completely all of the ritual directions and formulas of the ""Book of Common Prayer""; the imposition of its liturgical order by legal force and inspection sharpened Puritanism into a definite opposition movement. The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists. The first (1642–46) and second (1648–49) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third war (1649–51) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament. The wars ended with the Parliamentary victory at the"
"with the Bretons of Brittany. The English Civil War, a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists, polarised the populations of England and Wales. However, Cornwall in the English Civil War was a staunchly Royalist enclave, an ""important focus of support for the Royalist cause"". Cornish soldiers were used as scouts and spies during the war, for their language was not understood by English Parliamentarians. Following the war there was a further shift to the English language by the Cornish people, which encouraged an influx of English people to Cornwall. By the mid-17th century the use"
"to Holland. To prevent the king from dissolving it at will, Parliament passed the Triennial Act, which required Parliament to be summoned at least once every three years, and permitted the Lord Keeper and 12 peers to summon Parliament if the king failed to do so. The Act was coupled with a subsidy bill, and so to secure the latter, Charles grudgingly granted royal assent in February 1641. The First English Civil War of 1642–1645 ended in victory for the Parliamentarians over the Royalists (often called ""Cavaliers""). The Parliamentarians were often called ""Roundheads"" because of their short practical haircuts. The"
"parliamentary army. In December 1646, Pury was elected Member of Parliament for Monmouth Boroughs in the Long Parliament. He survived Pride's Purge and sat in the Rump Parliament. Pury died at the age of 73. Pury married Barbara Kyrle daughter of James Kyrle of Walford. Thomas Pury (younger) Thomas Pury (1619 – 1693) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1640 to 1653. He supported the Parliamentarian cause in the English Civil War. Pury was the son of Thomas Pury of Gloucestershire. He matriculated at Magdalen Hall, Oxford on 18 November 1635 aged 16. He"
"London and went to Oxford, and the English Civil War began (1642). The North and West of England were on Charles I's side (along with most of the Nobles and country gentry). They were known as the ""Cavaliers"". Charles I created an army illegally (since he needed the Parliament's consent). The South and East of England were on Parliament's side and were known as ""Roundheads"", for their haircuts. In response to Charles I raising an army, they did so as well. Yet, they didn't have the military might that King Charles I (and his nobles) had, so they solicited the"
"in the Royalist (or ""Cavalier"") faction of the English Civil War, were conservative royalist supporters of a strong monarchy as a counterbalance to the republican tendencies of Whigs, who were the dominant political faction for most of the first half of the 18th century; the Whigs supported the Hanoverian succession of 1715 against the Jacobite supporters of the deposed Roman Catholic Stuart dynasty, and were able to purge Tory politicians from important government positions after the failed Jacobite rising of 1715. The leader of the Whigs was Robert Walpole, who maintained control of the government in the period 1721–1742; his"
"was elected MP for East Looe for the Long Parliament in November 1640 and sat until he was excluded under Pride's Purge in 1648. During the Civil War he commanded a regiment for the Parliamentary army at Plymouth. He subsequently moved to Kent. Buller married Thomasine Honeywood, daughter of Sir Thomas Honeywood of Elmstead Kent. His sons Francis and John were also MPs in Cornwall. Francis Buller (Parliamentarian) Francis Buller was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1624 and 1648. He supported the Parliamentary side in the English Civil War. Buller was the son"
"Thomas Wentworth, 5th Baron Wentworth Thomas Wentworth, KB, PC (bapt. 2 February 1612 – 1 March 1665) was an English soldier and politician who supported King Charles I in the English Civil War. He served the king during two parts of the English Civil War and accompanied the young Prince Charles (later King Charles II) in exile. Wentworth was born in 1612, the eldest son of the 1st Earl of Cleveland and his first wife, Anne. His exact birthdate is unknown, but parish records show that he was baptised on 2 February 1612. In 1640, he was elected Member of"
"Patriotic Party (UK) The Patriotic Party was a far right political party in the United Kingdom. The group began life as the True Tories in 1962 when Major-General Richard Hilton, formerly a leading member of the League of Empire Loyalists, set up his own nationalistic group with a membership largely made up of former military figures. The group adopted the ""Patriotic Party"" name for the 1964 general election and sponsored two candidates. During the campaign the party split, with Deputy Chairman and former Liberal Party election candidate Major Arthur Braybrooke continuing the Patriotic Party and General Hilton re-establishing the True"
"John Gurdon (MP) John Gurdon (3 July 1595 – 9 September 1679) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1640 and 1660. He supported the parliamentary cause in the English Civil War. Gurdon was the son of a country gentleman, Brampton Gurdon, with estates at Letton Norfolk and Assington, Suffolk. He was elected to the Short Parliament and Long Parliament in 1640 as Member for Ipswich, He supported the Parliamentarian cause in the Civil War and in the internal dissension between the parliamentarians he supported the Army party. He remained in the House of"
"of the First English Civil War (1642–1646) and were most influential before the start of the Second Civil War (1648–1649). Leveller views and support were found in the populace of the City of London and in some regiments in the New Model Army. The Levellers were not a political party in the modern sense of the term; they did not all conform to a specific manifesto. They were organised at the national level, with offices in a number of London inns and taverns such as The Rosemary Branch in Islington, which got its name from the sprigs of rosemary that"