"his house and preserved by his own doing. However, Keats relied on both his own imagination and other literature as sources for his depiction of the nightingale. The exact date of ""Ode to a Nightingale"", as well as ""Ode on Indolence"", ""Ode on Melancholy"", and ""Ode on a Grecian Urn"", is unknown, as Keats dated all as 'May 1819'. However, he worked on the four poems together, and there is a unity in both their stanza forms and their themes. The exact order the poems were written in is also unknown, but they form a sequence within their structures. While"
"Keats wrote in 1819; however, the original first stanza of the poem was removed before the poem's publication in 1820. It was: According to Harold Bloom, one can presume that the ""harmony was threatened if fully half of [the poem] was concerned with the useless quest after ""The Melancholy"". Despite its adjusted length, Keats thought the poem to be of a higher quality than ""Ode on Indolence"", which was not published until 1848, after Keats's death. ""Ode on Melancholy"" consists of three stanzas with ten lines each. Because the poem has fewer stanzas than ""Ode on Indolence"" and ""Ode on"
"bursting forth from a burst grape, and the beginning of a decline. In ""The Masks of Keats"", Thomas McFarland suggests that Keats's beautiful words and images attempt to combine the non-beautiful subject of melancholy with the beauty inherent in the form of the ode. He too writes that the images of the bursting grape and the ""globèd peonies"" show an intention by the poet to bring the subject of sexuality into the discussion on melancholy. Ode on Melancholy ""Ode on Melancholy"" is one of five odes composed by English poet John Keats in the spring of 1819, along with ""Ode"
"""[T]he thing I have most enjoyed this year has been writing an ode to Indolence."" Despite this enjoyment, however, he was not entirely satisfied with ""Ode on Indolence"", and it remained unpublished until 1848. Keats's notes and papers do not reveal the precise dating of the 1819 odes. Literary scholars have proposed several different orders of composition, arguing that the poems form a sequence within their structures. In ""The Consecrated Urn"", Bernard Blackstone observes that ""Indolence"" has been variously thought the first, second, and final of the five 1819 odes. Biographer Robert Gittings suggests ""Ode on Indolence"" was written on"
"a Nightingale,' 'Ode on a Grecian Urn,' and 'To Autumn' as three of the most anthologized lyric poems of tragic vision in English."" To Autumn ""To Autumn"" is a poem by English Romantic poet John Keats (31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821). The work was composed on 19 September 1819 and published in 1820 in a volume of Keats's poetry that included ""Lamia"" and ""The Eve of St. Agnes"". ""To Autumn"" is the final work in a group of poems known as Keats's ""1819 odes"". Although personal problems left him little time to devote to poetry in 1819, he"
"""Ode to Psyche"", the first of a series of odes that he would write that year. It is uncertain as to when the poem was actually completed, but Keats sent the poem to his brother on 3 May 1819 with an attached letter saying, ""The following poem, the last I have written, is the first and only one with which I have taken even moderate pains; I have, for the most part, dashed off my lines in a hurry; this one I have done leisurely; I think it reads the more richly for it, and it will I hope encourage"
"""Ode on Indolence"" as inferior to the other four 1819 odes. Others suggest that the poem exemplifies a continuity of themes and imagery characteristic of his more widely read works, and provides valuable biographical insight into his poetic career. By the spring of 1819, Keats had left his poorly paid position as a surgeon at Guy's Hospital, Southwark, London, to devote himself to poetry. On 12 May 1819, he abandoned this plan after receiving a request for financial assistance from his brother, George. Unable to help, Keats was torn by guilt and despair and sought projects more lucrative than poetry."
"of stubble that he saw on his walk as being like that in a painting. The work has been interpreted as a meditation on death; as an allegory of artistic creation; as Keats's response to the Peterloo Massacre, which took place in the same year; and as an expression of nationalist sentiment. One of the most anthologised English lyric poems, ""To Autumn"" has been regarded by critics as one of the most perfect short poems in the English language. During the spring of 1819, Keats wrote many of his major odes: ""Ode on a Grecian Urn"", ""Ode on Indolence"", ""Ode"
"Ode to a Nightingale ""Ode to a Nightingale"" is a poem by John Keats written either in the garden of the Spaniards Inn, Hampstead, London or, according to Keats' friend Charles Armitage Brown, under a plum tree in the garden of Keats' house at Wentworth Place, also in Hampstead. According to Brown, a nightingale had built its nest near the house Keats and Brown shared in the spring of 1819. Inspired by the bird's song, Keats composed the poem in one day. It soon became one of his 1819 odes and was first published in ""Annals of the Fine Arts"""
"written first and ""To Autumn"" written last. Sometime between these two, he wrote ""Ode to a Nightingale"". It is possible that ""Ode to a Nightingale"" was written between 26 April and 18 May 1819, based on weather conditions and similarities between images in the poem and those in a letter sent to Fanny Brawne on May Day. The poem was composed at the Hampstead house Keats shared with Brown, possibly while sitting beneath a plum tree in the garden. According to Keats' friend Brown, Keats finished the ode in just one morning: ""In the spring of 1819 a nightingale had"
"expect. The poem ends with an acceptance that pleasure cannot last and that death is an inevitable part of life. In the poem, Keats imagines the loss of the physical world and sees himself dead—as a ""sod"" over which the nightingale sings. The contrast between the immortal nightingale and mortal man sitting in his garden, is made all the more acute by an effort of the imagination. The presence of weather is noticeable in the poem, as spring came early in 1819, bringing nightingales all over the heath. Of Keats's six major odes of 1819, ""Ode to Psyche"", was probably"
"1819 odes. Walter Evert wrote that ""it is unlikely that the 'Ode on Indolence' has ever been anyone's favorite poem, and it is certain that it was not Keats's. Why he excluded it from the 1820 volume we do not know, but it is repetitious and declamatory and structurally infirm, and these would be reasons enough."" Bate indicated that the poem's value is ""primarily biographical and not poetic"". ""Ode on Indolence"" is sometimes called upon as a point of comparison when discussing Keats's other poems. Charles Wentworth Dilke observed that while the poem can be read as a supplemental text"
"preludes, interludes and postludes, possibly hinting at a Schumann-like effect, where the piano is the main voice and the sung part merely adds decoration. Ode to a Nightingale ""Ode to a Nightingale"" is a poem by John Keats written either in the garden of the Spaniards Inn, Hampstead, London or, according to Keats' friend Charles Armitage Brown, under a plum tree in the garden of Keats' house at Wentworth Place, also in Hampstead. According to Brown, a nightingale had built its nest near the house Keats and Brown shared in the spring of 1819. Inspired by the bird's song, Keats"
"Keats's odes written in 1819, the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode. The stanzas differ from those of the other odes through use of eleven lines rather than ten, and have a couplet placed before the concluding line of each stanza. ""To Autumn"" employs poetical techniques which Keats had perfected in the five poems written in the Spring of the same year, but departs from them in some aspects, dispensing with the narrator and dealing with more concrete concepts. There is no dramatic movement"
"that year. Unlike the other odes he wrote that year, ""Ode on Indolence"" was not published until 1848, 27 years after his death. The poem is an example of Keats's break from the structure of the classical form. It follows the poet's contemplation of a morning spent in idleness. Three figures are presented—Ambition, Love and Poesy—dressed in ""placid sandals"" and ""white robes"". The narrator examines each using a series of questions and statements on life and art. The poem concludes with the narrator giving up on having all three of the figures as part of his life. Some critics regard"
"the following July. The poem is one of the most frequently anthologized in the English language. ""Ode to a Nightingale"" is a personal poem that describes Keats's journey into the state of negative capability. The tone of the poem rejects the optimistic pursuit of pleasure found within Keats's earlier poems and, rather, explores the themes of nature, transience and mortality, the latter being particularly personal to Keats. The nightingale described within the poem experiences a type of death but does not actually die. Instead, the songbird is capable of living through its song, which is a fate that humans cannot"
"his poetic feelings on the song of our nightingale."" Dilke, co-owner of the house, strenuously denied the story, printed in Richard Monckton Milnes' 1848 biography of Keats, dismissing it as 'pure delusion'. ""Ode on a Grecian Urn"" and ""Ode on Melancholy"" were inspired by sonnet forms and probably written after ""Ode to a Nightingale"". Keats' new and progressive publishers Taylor and Hessey issued ""Endymion"", which Keats dedicated to Thomas Chatterton, a work that he termed ""a trial of my Powers of Imagination"". It was damned by the critics, giving rise to Byron's quip that Keats was ultimately ""snuffed out by"
"Keats had recently read. ""To Autumn"" is thematically connected to other odes that Keats wrote in 1819. For example, in his ""Ode to Melancholy"" a major theme is the acceptance of the process of life. When this theme appears later in ""To Autumn"", however, it is with a difference. This time the figure of the poet disappears, and there is no exhortation of an imaginary reader. There are no open conflicts, and ""dramatic debate, protest, and qualification are absent"". In process there is a harmony between the finality of death and hints of renewal of life in the cycle of"
"had a significant influence on a diverse range of poets and writers. Jorge Luis Borges stated that his first encounter with Keats' work was the most significant literary experience of his life. The poetry of Keats is characterised by sensual imagery, most notably in the series of odes. This is typical of romantic poets, as they aimed to accentuate extreme emotion through an emphasis on natural imagery. Today his poems and letters are some of the most popular and most analysed in English literature. Some of the most acclaimed works of Keats are “Ode to a Nightingale”, ""Sleep and Poetry"","
"""Anatomy of Melancholy"", Thomas Chatterton's poetry, and Leigh Hunt's essays. Although Keats managed to write many poems in 1819, he was suffering from a multitude of financial troubles throughout the year, including concerns over his brother, George, who, after emigrating to America, was badly in need of money. Despite these distractions, on 19 September 1819 he found time to write ""To Autumn"". The poem marks the final moment of his career as a poet. No longer able to afford to devote his time to the composition of poems, he began working on more lucrative projects. Keats's declining health and personal"
"poetic indulgence. It was during the months of spring 1819 that he wrote many of his major odes. Following the month of May 1819, he began to tackle other forms of poetry, including a play, some longer pieces, and a return to his unfinished epic, ""Hyperion"". His brother's financial woes continued to loom over him, and, as a result, Keats had little energy or inclination for composition, but, on 19 September 1819, he managed to squeeze out ""To Autumn"", his last major work and the one that rang the curtain down on his career as a poet. After writing ""Ode"
"odal hymn with a responsal voice in ""Ode to a Grecian Urn"" and ""Ode to a Nightingale"", created, according to Walter Jackson Bate, ""a new tone for the English lyric."" Bate, when speaking about the 1819 odes, wrote: ""The productivity of the three and a half weeks that begins on April 21 is difficult to parallel in the career of any modern writer. Yet to Keats it was not even a new beginning. It was rather a matter of becoming more alive in preparation for the next beginning."" In addition to this, Bate argued that ""It is because ""To Autumn"""
"marked the beginning of his ""annus mirabilis"" in which he wrote his most mature work. He had been inspired by a series of recent lectures by Hazlitt on English poets and poetic identity and had also met Wordsworth. Keats may have seemed to his friends to be living on comfortable means, but in reality he was borrowing regularly from Abbey and his friends. He composed five of his six great odes at Wentworth Place in April and May and, although it is debated in which order they were written, ""Ode to Psyche"" opened the published series. According to Brown, ""Ode"
"development, education—the combination of experience and contemplation—and that only this process, not the rationality of the previous century, would bring about true Enlightenment. The classical influences Keats invoked affected other Romantic poets, but his odes contain a higher degree of allusion than most of his contemporaries' works. As for the main theme, indolence and poetry, the poem reflects the emotional state of being Keats describes in an early 1819 letter to his brother George: [I]ndolent and supremely careless ... from my having slumbered till nearly eleven ... please has no show of enticement and pain no unbearable frown. Neither Poetry,"
"the relief is real, the mixture is good and sufficing."" John Scott, in an anonymous review for the September 1820 edition of ""The London Magazine"", argued for the greatness of Keats's poetry as exemplified by poems including ""Ode to a Nightingale"": The injustice which has been done to our author's works, in estimating their poetical merit, rendered us doubly anxious, on opening his last volume, to find it likely to seize fast hold of general sympathy, and thus turn an overwhelming power against the paltry traducers of talent, more eminently promising in many respects, than any the present age has"
"Fled is that music:—do I wake or sleep?"" (lines 79–80), and the theme of imagination once again arises as the poet appears, according to Timothy Hilton, unable to distinguish between his own artistic imagination and the song which he believes to have spurred it into action. ""Ode to Psyche"" is a 67-line poem written in stanzas of varying length, which took its form from modification Keats made to the sonnet structure. The ode is written to a Grecian mythological character, displaying a great influence of Classical culture as the poet begins his discourse with ""O GODDESS!"" (line 1). Psyche, a"
"author of ""Frankenstein"" (1818). Though John Keats shared Byron and Shelley's radical politics, ""his best poetry is not political"", but is especially noted for its sensuous music and imagery, along with a concern with material beauty and the transience of life. Among his most famous works are ""Ode to a Nightingale"", ""Ode on a Grecian Urn"", ""To Autumn"". Keats has always been regarded as a major Romantic, ""and his stature as a poet has grown steadily through all changes of fashion"". Another important poet in this period was John Clare (1793–1864), the son of a farm labourer, who came to"
"To Autumn ""To Autumn"" is a poem by English Romantic poet John Keats (31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821). The work was composed on 19 September 1819 and published in 1820 in a volume of Keats's poetry that included ""Lamia"" and ""The Eve of St. Agnes"". ""To Autumn"" is the final work in a group of poems known as Keats's ""1819 odes"". Although personal problems left him little time to devote to poetry in 1819, he composed ""To Autumn"" after a walk near Winchester one autumnal evening. The work marks the end of his poetic career, as he needed"
"Macbeth Moir acclaimed ""four exquisite odes,—'To a Nightingale,' 'To a Grecian Urn,' 'To Melancholy,' and 'To Autumn,'—all so pregnant with deep thought, so picturesque in their limning, and so suggestive."" In 1865, Matthew Arnold singled out the ""indefinable delicacy, charm, and perfection of [...] Keats's [touch] in his Autumn"". John Dennis, in an 1883 work about great poets, wrote that ""the 'Ode to Autumn', ripe with the glory of the season it describes—must ever have a place among the most precious gems of lyrical poetry."" The 1888 Britannica declared, ""Of these [odes] perhaps the two nearest to absolute perfection, to"
"nor even the semblance of a modest financial return seemed nearer."" Keats realized that he could never have Love, could not fulfil his Ambition, and could not spend his time with Poesy. The conclusion of ""Ode to Indolence"" is a dismissal of both the images and his poetry as figures that would only mislead him. Even indolence itself seems unattainable; Andrew Motion writes that the figures force Keats to regard indolence as ""the privilege of the leisured class to which he did not belong."" If the poem is read as the final poem in the 1819 ode series, ""Ode on"
"the triumphant achievement and accomplishment of the very utmost beauty possible to human words, may be that to Autumn and that on a Grecian Urn"". At the turn of the 20th century, a 1904 analysis of great poetry by Stephen Gwynn claimed, ""above and before all [of Keats's poems are] the three odes, ""To a Nightingale"", ""On a Grecian Urn"", and ""To Autumn"". Among these odes criticism can hardly choose; in each of them the whole magic of poetry seems to be contained."" Sidney Colvin, in his 1917 biography, pointed out that ""the ode ""To Autumn"" [...] opens up no"
"theme of approaching death. While the earlier 1819 odes perfected techniques and allowed for variations that appear within ""To Autumn"", Keats dispenses with some aspects of the previous poems (such as the narrator) to focus on the themes of autumn and life. The poem discusses ideas without a progression of the temporal scene, an idea that Keats termed as ""stationing"". The three stanzas of the poem emphasize this theme by shifting the imagery from summer to early winter and also day turning into dusk. Keats's use of the odal hymn in his six odes, along with his use of the"
"As such, the poem is an experiment in the ode structure that he was to then rely on for his next five odes. Although Keats spent time considering the language of the poem, the choice of wording and phrasing is below that found within his later works, including ""Hyperion"" or the odes that followed. ""Ode to Psyche"" is important because it is Keats's first attempt at an altered sonnet form that would include longer more lines and would end with a message or truth. Also, he did not want the poem to be based simply around that message, so he"