"Ottoman (furniture) An ottoman is a form of couch which usually has a head but no back, though sometimes it has neither. It may have square or semicircular ends, and as a rule it is what upholsterers call ""overstuffed""—that is to say no wood is visible. It may be used as a stool, footstool, coffee table, or as an alternative to a sofa. Ottomans are often sold as coordinating furniture with armchairs or gliders. An ottoman can also be known as a ""footstool"", ""tuffet"", ""hassock"", or ""pouffe"". ""Ottoman"" may also denote an upholstered seat without a back or arms, but"
"Divan (furniture) A divan (Turkish ""divan"", originally from Persian ""devan"") is a piece of couch-like sitting furniture or, in some countries, a box-spring based bed. Primarily, in the Middle East (especially the Ottoman Empire), a divan was a long seat formed of a mattress laid against the side of the room, upon the floor or upon a raised structure or frame, with cushions to lean against. Divans received this name because they were generally found along the walls in Middle Eastern council chambers of a bureau called ""divan"" or ""diwan"" (from Persian, meaning a government council or office, from the"
"one that usually serves as storage, with the seat hinged to form a lid. The ottoman traces its roots to furnishing practices in the Ottoman Empire, where it was the central piece of residential seating, generally designed as a low wooden platform intended to be piled with cushions. It was first designed as sectional furniture that wrapped around three walls of a room, before evolving into smaller versions that fit into the corner of a room or circular padded seats surrounding a column or pole in a public room. The ottoman was eventually brought to Europe from the Ottoman Empire"
"a familiar expression. This is preserved today in Bulgarian, and in Hungarian as ""dívány"", Italian as , Romanian as ""divan"", and Russian as ""диван"" (divan). Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic couch was a divan, draped with a heavy Persian rug and cushions, given to him as a gift from a patient. Divan (furniture) A divan (Turkish ""divan"", originally from Persian ""devan"") is a piece of couch-like sitting furniture or, in some countries, a box-spring based bed. Primarily, in the Middle East (especially the Ottoman Empire), a divan was a long seat formed of a mattress laid against the side of the room,"
"place of a built-in footrest, some chairs come with a matching ottoman. An ottoman is a short stool that is intended to be used as a footrest but can sometimes be used as a stool. If matched to a glider chair, the ottoman may be mounted on swing arms so that the ottoman rocks back and forth with the main glider. A chair cover is a temporary fabric cover for a side chair. They are typically rented for formal events such as wedding receptions to increase the attractiveness of the chairs and decor. The chair covers may come with decorative"
"in the late 18th century and named after its place of origin. The earliest known instance of the use of the name is ""ottomane"" in French in 1729, while the first known recorded use in English occurs in one of Thomas Jefferson's memorandum books from 1789: ""P[ai]d. for an Ottomane of velours d'Utrecht."" Over time, European ottomans took on a circular or octagonal shape through the 19th century, with seating divided in the center by arms or by a central, padded column that might hold a plant or statue. As clubs became more popular, so did the ottoman, which began"
"of Anatolia. Turks used carpets, rugs and kilims not just on the floors of a room, but also as a hanging on walls and doorways, where they provided additional insulation. They were also commonly donated to mosques, which often amassed large collections of them. Ottoman classical music was an important part of the education of the Ottoman elite. A number of the Ottoman sultans were accomplished musicians and composers themselves, such as Selim III, whose compositions are often still performed today. Ottoman classical music arose largely from a confluence of Byzantine music, Armenian music, Arabic music, and Persian music. Compositionally,"
"pieces are still being produced in very limited quantities by nomadic tribes for their personal use and are commonly known as cicims. Kilim A kilim (, , , ""gelīm"") is a flat tapestry-woven carpet or rug traditionally produced in countries of the former Ottoman Empire, Iran, Azerbaijan and Turkic countries of Central Asia. Kilims can be purely decorative or can function as prayer rugs. Modern kilims are popular floor-coverings in Western households. The term 'kilim' originates from the Persian ""gelīm"" (گلیم) where it means 'to spread roughly', perhaps of Mongolian origin. Like pile carpets, kilim have been produced since ancient"
"Ushak carpet Uşak carpets, Ushak carpets or Oushak Carpets () are Turkish carpets that use a particular family of designs, called by convention after the city of Uşak, Turkey – one of the larger towns in Western Anatolia, which was a major center of rug production from the early days of the Ottoman Empire, into the early 20th century (although these patterns were woven in other regions also). Historically Oushaks were classified as ‘Anatolian Rugs,’ Anatolian literally translating to ‘land of the rising sun.’ Today scholars know much more about Oushaks and are able to classify them as such. ‘Anatolian’"
"Kilim A kilim (, , , ""gelīm"") is a flat tapestry-woven carpet or rug traditionally produced in countries of the former Ottoman Empire, Iran, Azerbaijan and Turkic countries of Central Asia. Kilims can be purely decorative or can function as prayer rugs. Modern kilims are popular floor-coverings in Western households. The term 'kilim' originates from the Persian ""gelīm"" (گلیم) where it means 'to spread roughly', perhaps of Mongolian origin. Like pile carpets, kilim have been produced since ancient times. The explorer Mark Aurel Stein found kilims dating to at least the fourth or fifth century CE in Hotan, China: Kilims"
"They were also commonly donated to mosques, which often amassed large collections of them. Hereke carpets were of particularly high status, being made of silk or a combination of silk and cotton, and intricately knotted. Other significant designs included ""Palace"", ""Yörük"", Ushak, and Milas or ""Türkmen"" carpets. ""Yörük"" and ""Türkmen"" represented more stylized designs, whereas naturalistic designs were prevalent in ""Palace"". The Ottoman Empire was noted for the quality of its gold- and silversmiths, and particularly for the jewelry they produced. Jewelry had particular importance as it was commonly given at weddings, as a gift that could be used as"
"Oushak region. Ushak carpet Uşak carpets, Ushak carpets or Oushak Carpets () are Turkish carpets that use a particular family of designs, called by convention after the city of Uşak, Turkey – one of the larger towns in Western Anatolia, which was a major center of rug production from the early days of the Ottoman Empire, into the early 20th century (although these patterns were woven in other regions also). Historically Oushaks were classified as ‘Anatolian Rugs,’ Anatolian literally translating to ‘land of the rising sun.’ Today scholars know much more about Oushaks and are able to classify them as"
"were famous for ceramics and tiles, Uşak, Gördes, and Ladik for their carpets. The Ushak region, one of the centers of Ottoman ""court"" production, produced some of the finest carpets of the sixteenth century. Holbein and Lotto carpets were woven here. Gold-brocaded silk velvet carpets known as ""Çatma"" are associated with the old Ottoman capital of Bursa, in Western Anatolia near the Sea of Marmara. Very few carpets still exist today which represent the transition between the late Seljuq and early Ottoman period. A traditional Chinese motif, the fight between phoenix and dragon, is seen in an Anatolian rug, today"
"Ottoman clothing Ottoman clothing is the style and design of clothing worn by the Ottoman Turks. While the Palace and its court dressed lavishly, the common people were only concerned with covering themselves. Starting in the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, administrators enacted sumptuary laws upon clothing. The clothing of Muslims, Christians, Jewish communities, clergy, tradesmen, and state and military officials were particularly strictly regulated during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. In this period men wore outer items such as 'mintan' (a vest or short jacket), 'zıbın', 'şalvar' (trousers), 'kuşak' (a sash), 'potur', an entari or kaftan (a long"
"Transylvanian rugs The name Transylvanian rug is used as a term of convenience to denote a cultural heritage of 15th–17th century Islamic rugs, mainly of Ottoman origin, which have been preserved in Transylvanian churches. The corpus of Transylvanian rugs constitutes one of the largest collections of Ottoman Anatolian rugs outside the Islamic world. Amongst the rugs carpets preserved in Transylvania are classical Turkish carpets like Holbein, Lotto, and so-called ""white ground"" Selendi or Ushak carpets. The term ""Transylvanian rug"" more specifically refers to four distinct types of Anatolian carpets which have survived in Transylvania. Transylvanian rugs with a prayer rug"
"Anatolian rug Anatolian rug is a term of convenience, commonly used today to denote rugs and carpets woven in Anatolia (or Asia minor) and its adjacent regions. Geographically, its area of production can be compared to the territories which were historically dominated by the Ottoman Empire. It denotes a knotted, pile-woven floor or wall covering which is produced for home use, local sale, and export. Together with the flat-woven kilim, Anatolian rugs represent an essential part of the regional culture, which is officially understood as the Culture of Turkey today, and derives from the ethnic, religious and cultural pluralism of"
"are the complex muqarnas and mocárabe designs giving roofs and other architectural elements a stalactite-like appearance. These are often in wood, sometimes painted on the wood but often plastered over before painting; the examples at the Alhambra in Granada, Spain are among the best known. Traditional Islamic furniture, except for chests, tended to be covered with cushions, with cupboards rather than cabinets for storage, but there are some pieces, including a low round (strictly twelve-sided) table of about 1560 from the Ottoman court, with marquetry inlays in light wood, and a single huge ceramic tile or plaque on the tabletop."
"Tuffet A tuffet, pooffer, or hassock is a piece of furniture used as a footstool or low seat. It is distinguished from a stool in that it is completely covered in cloth so that no legs are visible, and is essentially a large hard cushion that may have an internal wooden frame to give it more rigidity. Wooden feet may be added to the base to give it stability, at which point it becomes a stool or a footstool. If the piece is larger, with storage space inside it, then it is generally known as an ottoman. The term ""hassock"""
"carpet weaving was particularly significant in the Ottoman Empire, carpets having an immense importance both as decorative furnishings, rich in religious and other symbolism, and as a practical consideration, as it was customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters. The weaving of such carpets originated in the nomadic cultures of central Asia (carpets being an easily transportable form of furnishing), and was eventually spread to the settled societies of Anatolia. Turks used carpets, rugs and patterned kilims not just on the floors of a room, but also as a hanging on walls and doorways, where they provided additional insulation."
"Turkeywork Turkeywork (alternately turkey-work or turkey work; sometimes called setwork and Norwich work) is a knotted-and-cut pile furnishing textile produced in England from the sixteenth to the mid-eighteenth centuries. Turkeywork was used for table carpets, cupboard carpets, cushions, and especially for matched sets of upholstery for chair seats and backs. Turkeywork was produced by professional weavers in England from the 16th century. Short lengths or thrums of worsted wool were hand-knotted using the Turkish or Ghiordes knot (also called the symmetrical knot) on a linen or hemp-fibre warp. The colourful wool was shorn to produced a dense, even pile. Designs"
"including rugs, across Eurasia. Few examples still exist of a special type of Oriental carpet, termed ""animal carpets"" because their main feature are confronted animals. Dated to the 13th–16th century, they represent carpets woven during the transition period between the late Seljuq and the early Ottoman empire. Parallels were shown between the ""opposed animal"" and ""latch-hook"" motifs from woven pile rugs and the Lorestān bronzes. These are Early Iron Age bronze artifacts of various individual forms which have been recovered from Lorestān and Kermanshah areas in west-central Iran. Carpet fragments discovered in Konya and Beyşehir in Turkey, and Fostat in"
"and non-religious books could be illuminated. Also sheets for albums ""levha"" consisted of illuminated calligraphy (""hat"") of ""tughra"", religious texts, verses from poems or proverbs, and purely decorative drawings. The art of carpet weaving was particularly significant in the Ottoman Empire, carpets having an immense importance both as decorative furnishings, rich in religious and other symbolism, and as a practical consideration, as it was customary to remove one's shoes in living quarters. The weaving of such carpets originated in the nomadic cultures of central Asia (carpets being an easily transportable form of furnishing), and eventually spread to the settled societies"
"Ottoman architecture Ottoman architecture is the architecture of the Ottoman Empire which emerged in Bursa and Edirne in 14th and 15th centuries. The architecture of the empire developed from the earlier Seljuk architecture and was influenced by the Byzantine architecture, Armenian architecture, Iranian as well as Islamic Mamluk traditions after the conquest of Constantinople by the Ottomans. For almost 400 years Byzantine architectural artifacts such as the church of Hagia Sophia served as models for many of the Ottoman mosques. Overall, Ottoman architecture has been described as Byzantine influenced architecture synthesized with architectural traditions of Central Asia and the Middle"
"Eames Lounge Chair The Eames Lounge Chair and ottoman are furnishings made of molded plywood and leather, designed by Charles and Ray Eames for the Herman Miller furniture company. They are officially titled Eames Lounge (670) and Ottoman (671) and were released in 1956 after years of development by designers. It was the first chair that the Eameses designed for a high-end market. Examples of these furnishings are part of the permanent collection of New York's Museum of Modern Art. Charles and Ray Eames aimed to develop furniture that could be mass-produced and affordable, with the exception of the Eames"
"fine Persian Sarouk and Ottoman Isparta rugs, and Oriental weapons and armor are perhaps the most expressive elements. The salon has an indoor marble fountain. Salonul Turcesc (The Turkish Parlor) emulates an Ottoman ""joie de vivre"" atmosphere—a room full of Turkish Izmir rugs and copperware from Anatolia and Persia. It was used as a smoking room for gentlemen. Walls are covered in hand-made textiles like silk brocades from the Siegert shops of Vienna. In something remarkable in comparison to most recent-era royal families, the monarchs shared a bedroom. A personal property of the Royal Family from the beginning, Peleș Castle"
"Lit a la turque The Lit à la Turque, a bed with two scrolling ends and a baldachin, was one of many products of the 18th century. Due to the obsession with anything exotic or unusual from foreign countries; beds, furniture and other objects reflected this style. The design of this bed is not directly linked with any Turkish design, but reflects the luxurious and romantic designs that inspired the craftsmen of this time. Beds of this type were usually placed sideways against the wall with a baldachin. Many times these beds were placed on wheels allowing the body of"
"Peshtemal A peshtemal (also spelled peshtamal, pestamal or pestemal; from ) is a traditional Turkish towel used in Turkish baths. A staple of the Ottoman hamam culture, dating back hundreds of years, the pestemal was originally designed to help individual bathers maintain their privacy. Today, this light weight garment lends itself perfectly to quotidian use. In addition to being a wonderful bath towel due to its high absorbency, the pestemal dries faster than its thicker counterparts. Turkish cotton has long fibers that open up with use, allowing the thin towels to be highly absorbent. It is also used to indicate"
"classified as an ""intermediate moisture food"". Lowering the moisture level is a form of food preservation that hinders the growth of microorganisms, and the ""çemen"" paste ""is used to control surface mold growth during storage"". Other functions of the ""çemen"" include improved flavor, characteristic red coloring, prevention of further drying, and antimicrobal effects. Ottoman cuisine was not only the product of Muslim citizens of the Ottoman Empire; it was also influenced by Ottoman Christian and Jewish citizens. Today, it includes the cuisines of Armenia, Greece, Israel, Turkey and the Levant. The cured meat, which resembles Italian ""bresaola"" is called ""basturma"""
"and Ottoman or Ottoman-inspired patterns are important to the Turkish textile industry. Religious garb Classical period Decline Ottoman clothing Ottoman clothing is the style and design of clothing worn by the Ottoman Turks. While the Palace and its court dressed lavishly, the common people were only concerned with covering themselves. Starting in the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, administrators enacted sumptuary laws upon clothing. The clothing of Muslims, Christians, Jewish communities, clergy, tradesmen, and state and military officials were particularly strictly regulated during the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. In this period men wore outer items such as 'mintan' (a"
"Asian furniture The term Asian furniture, or sometimes Oriental furniture, refers to a type of furniture that originated in the continent of Asia. Sometimes people also think of Asian furniture as a style of furniture that has Asian accents. With assimilation with western culture the term can also expand to modern Asian furniture. Europeans began to receive and collect Asian furniture in the 18th century. Southeast Asian furniture such as Thai, Vietnamese, Indonesian, Javanese, and Balinese furniture are now becoming more prominent and appreciated. Other Asian furniture such as South Asian and Indian are also becoming more popular in interior"
"Anatolian-style, kilim-style, and ornamental style. Holbein and Lotto carpets have little in common with decorations and ornaments seen on Ottoman art objects other than carpets. Briggs demonstrated similarities between both types of carpets, and Timurid carpets depicted in miniature paintings. The Holbein and Lotto carpets may represent a design tradition dating back to the Timurid period. Star Ushak carpets were woven in large formats. They are characterized by large dark blue star shaped primary medallions in infinite repeat on a red ground field containing a secondary floral scroll. The design was likely influenced by northwest Persian book design, or by"
"Ottoman classical music Classical Turkish music (, ""Turkish art music""; or , ""Classical Turkish music""), sometimes known as Ottoman classical music, developed in Istanbul and other major Ottoman cities and towns through the palaces and Sufi lodges of the Ottoman Empire. Above all a vocal music, Ottoman music traditionally accompanies a solo singer with a small instrumental ensemble. In recent times, instruments might include (lute), (flute), (fiddle), (Western violin), (zither), or other instruments. Sometimes described as monophonic music, the variety of ornamentation and variation in the ensemble requires the more accurate term heterophonic. Ottoman music has a large and varied"
"carved woodwork and furniture with elaborate inlays to traditional ""Ebru"" or paper marbling. In the 18th and 19th centuries Turkish art and architecture became more heavily influenced by contemporary European styles, leading to over-elaborated and fussy detail in decoration. European-style painting was slow to be adopted, with Osman Hamdi Bey (1842-1910) for long a somewhat solitary figure. He was a member of the Ottoman administrative elite who trained in Paris, and painted throughout his long career as a senior administrator and curator in Turkey. Many of his works represent Orientalism from the inside, as it were. A transition from Islamic"