"Petal Petals are modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers. They are often brightly colored or unusually shaped to attract pollinators. Together, all of the petals of a flower are called a corolla. Petals are usually accompanied by another set of special leaves called sepals, that collectively form the ""calyx"" and lie just beneath the corolla. The calyx and the corolla together make up the perianth. When the petals and sepals of a flower are difficult to distinguish, they are collectively called tepals. Examples of plants in which the term ""tepal"" is appropriate include genera such as ""Aloe"""
"Tepal A tepal is one of the outer parts of a flower (collectively the perianth). The term is used when these parts cannot easily be classified as either sepals or petals. This may be because the parts of the perianth are undifferentiated (i.e. of very similar appearance), as in ""Magnolia"", or because, although it is possible to distinguish an outer whorl of sepals from an inner whorl of petals, the sepals and petals have similar appearance to one another (as in ""Lilium""). The term was first proposed by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1827 and was constructed by analogy with"
"Sepal A sepal ( or ) is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. The term ""sepalum"" was coined by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker in 1790, and derived from the Greek σκεπη (""skepi""), a covering. Collectively the sepals are called the calyx (plural calyces), the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. The word ""calyx"" was adopted from the Latin ""calyx"", not to be confused with ""calix"", a cup or goblet. ""Calyx"" derived from"
"flowers (e.g., Rosaceae, Myrtaceae) a hypanthium includes the bases of sepals, petals, and the attachment points of the stamens. Sepal A sepal ( or ) is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom. The term ""sepalum"" was coined by Noël Martin Joseph de Necker in 1790, and derived from the Greek σκεπη (""skepi""), a covering. Collectively the sepals are called the calyx (plural calyces), the outermost whorl of parts that form a flower. The word ""calyx"""
"barely visible to the naked eye) and puberulous (dense covering of very short soft hairs). Tepal shape is described in similar terms to those used for leaves (see Glossary of leaf morphology). ""Botany: A Brief Introduction To Plant Biology"" - 5th ed. Thomas L. Rost; T. Elliot Weier - Wiley & Sons 1979 . ""Plant Systematics"" - Jones; Samuel - McGraw-Hill 1979 . Tepal A tepal is one of the outer parts of a flower (collectively the perianth). The term is used when these parts cannot easily be classified as either sepals or petals. This may be because the parts"
"They measure by and pubescent, hairy outside and sparsely pubescent inside. Collectively forming the outer floral envelope or layer of the perianth enclosing and supporting the developing bud, which is usually green; the sepals, are pale green, narrowly ovate—""oval or egg-shaped""—and 2 to 3 times as long as they are wide, measuring at . They are pubescent, hairy outside and glabrous, smooth without hairs inside. The sepals are acuminate, tapering gradually to a sharp point at the tips of certain leaves or petals or sepals, at their apex. The corolla, a collective term for all the petals of a flower,"
"the terms ""petal"" and ""sepal"". (De Candolle used the term perigonium or perigone for the tepals collectively; today this term is used as a synonym for ""perianth"".) Undifferentiated tepals are believed to be the ancestral condition in flowering plants. For example, ""Amborella"", which is thought to have separated earliest in the evolution of flowering plants, has flowers with undifferentiated tepals. Distinct petals and sepals would therefore have arisen by differentiation, probably in response to animal pollination. In typical modern flowers, the outer or enclosing whorl of organs forms sepals, specialised for protection of the flower bud as it develops, while"
"generally colourful and bright (which is why they are sometimes called outer tepals), with one on each side (""lateral sepals"") and one usually at the top of the flower (""dorsal sepal""), sometimes forming a hood. The three petals (or inner tepals), also showy, are located alternately between the sepals, two at the side and one usually at the bottom of the flower. The lower petal is referred to as the ""labellum"" or ""lip"", and is usually distinctively different from the side petals. ""Thelymitra"" is an example of a genus where the lower petal is similar in appearance to the other"
"serve to protect the sporophylls and to form an envelope attractive to pollinators. The individual members of these surrounding structures are known as sepals and petals (or tepals in flowers such as ""Magnolia"" where sepals and petals are not distinguishable from each other). The outer series (calyx of sepals) is usually green and leaf-like, and functions to protect the rest of the flower, especially the bud. The inner series (corolla of petals) is, in general, white or brightly colored, and is more delicate in structure. It functions to attract insect or bird pollinators. Attraction is effected by color, scent, and"
"flowering plants (angiosperms) in forming an outer floral envelop. In ""P. baronii""'s case, the sepals are dark green, connate at the base for about 0.2 mm (.008 (0.098-inch), persistent until maturity of the flower, and ovate or narrowly so. They measure 1.5–2.5 times as long as they are wide at 2.5 mm (inch) to 6 mm (inch) in length by 1.5 mm (0.059-inch) to 2.5 mm (0.098-inch). They are acuminate at the apex and glabrous, smooth, to sparsely pubescent, slightly hairy, outside and glabrous inside. The collective term for all the petals of a flower or the inner whorl of"
"others may form a tight spiral, or whorl, around the flower stem. First, at the base, are those non-reproductive structures involved in protecting the flower when it is still a bud, the sepals, then are those parts that play a role in attracting pollinators and are typically coloured, the petals, which together with the sepals make up the perianth (perigon, perigonium). If the perianth is differentiated, the outer whorl of sepals forms the calyx, and the inner whorl of petals, the corolla. If the perianth is not differentiated into sepals and petals, they are collectively known as tepals. In some"
"with as few as two or as many as 15 or even more. Each flower has the standard structure for the genus. There are three outer sepals which may be lighter or darker shades of green or violet, the lightest appearing white. Each is long by wide. The upper (dorsal) sepal varies from flat to boat-shaped and is bent backwards at the base and then curves forwards. Inside the sepals are three petals, two lateral petals and the lip. The lateral petals may be pink to violet in colour, or green, and are around long by wide. The lip (labellum)"
"3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'. The falls are obovate, and are long and 1.5 cm wide. In the middle of the falls, is a serrated, crest surrounded by blue and white stripes or blotches. The petals are curved toward centre of flower. The claw (part of the petal closest to the stem) is similar to a gutter. The standards are narrowly, ovate or broadly lanceolate, and are long and 1.5 cm wide. It has broad or flat and wide, style branches, which are long and"
"persists after flowering, but instead of withering, begins to grow until it forms a bladder-like enclosure around the fruit. This is an effective protection against some kinds of birds and insects, for example in ""Hibiscus trionum"" and the Cape gooseberry. Morphologically, both sepals and petals are modified leaves. The calyx (the sepals) and the corolla (the petals) are the outer sterile whorls of the flower, which together form what is known as the ""perianth"". The term ""tepal"" is usually applied when the parts of the perianth are difficult to distinguish, e.g. the petals and sepals share the same color, or"
"of flowering. Up to six translucent flowers with green and brown markings and long, wide are borne on a flowering spike tall. Each flower is carried on the end of a long, thin stalk. Three or four papery bracts are wrapped around the flowering spike. The dorsal sepal and petals are joined to form a hood called the ""galea"" over the column with the dorsal sepal having a thread-like tip long. The lateral sepals are slightly wider than the galea and often touch the ground. They are shallowly dished, densely hairy on their outer edges and suddenly taper to a"
"(flowering stalk), which bears at the top a pair of bract-like spathe valves joined by a papery membrane. From between them emerges a solitary, pendulous, bell-shaped white flower, held on a slender pedicel. The flower consists of six tepals, also referred to as segments. The outer three are larger and more convex than the inner ones. The inner flower segments are usually marked on their outer surface with a green or greenish-yellow V- or U-shaped mark (sometimes described as ""bridge-shaped"") over the small sinus (notch) at the tip of each tepal. The inner surface has a faint green mark covering"
"Whorl (botany) In botany, a whorl or verticil is an arrangement of sepals, petals, leaves, stipules or branches that radiate from a single point and surround or wrap around the stem. A whorl consists of at least three elements; a pair of opposite leaves is not called a whorl. The morphology of most Angiosperm flowers is based on four whorls. A flower lacking any of these floral structures is said to be ""incomplete"" or ""imperfect"". Not all flowers consist of whorls since the parts may instead be spirally arranged, as in Magnoliaceae. For leaves to grow in whorls is fairly"
"authors will refer to ""sepals and petals"" where others use ""tepals"" in the same context. In some plants the flowers have no petals, and all the tepals are sepals modified to look like petals. These organs are described as petaloid, for example, the sepals of hellebores. When the undifferentiated tepals resemble petals, they are also referred to as ""petaloid"", as in petaloid monocots, orders of monocots with brightly coloured tepals. Since they include Liliales, an alternative name is lilioid monocots. Terms used in the description of tepals include pubescent (with dense fine, short, soft hairs, downy), puberulent (minutely pubescent, hairs"
"The flower of a typical plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae has three sepals and three petals. One petal, called the labellum, ""lip"" or ""tongue"", is typically quite different from the other two. It usually functions to attract an insect pollinator. As an orchid flower bud develops, the attachment of the lip to the axis of the flower is above (or adaxial to) that of the other two petals. In many orchid genera, as the flower opens, it twists so that the attachment of the ""lip"" is below that of the other two petals, the three sepals and the sexual"
"Up to six translucent flowers with green and reddish tinges and long, wide are borne on a flowering spike tall. Each flower is carried on the end of a long, thin stalk. Two to five stem leaves are wrapped around the flowering spike. The dorsal sepal and petals are joined to form a hood called the ""galea"" over the column with the dorsal sepal having a thread-like tip long often bent upwards. The lateral sepals are turned downwards and are wider than the galea. They are shallowly dished, densely hairy on their outer edges and suddenly taper to a thread-like"
"to be modified sepals. The flowers are usually hermaphroditic—maize being an important exception—and mainly anemophilous or wind-pollinated, although insects occasionally play a role. Lemma is a phytomorphological term referring to a part of the spikelet. It is the lowermost of two chaff-like bracts enclosing the grass floret. It often bears a long bristle called an awn, and may be similar in form to the glumes—chaffy bracts at the base of each spikelet. It is usually interpreted as a bract but it has also been interpreted as one remnant (the abaxial) of the three members of outer perianth whorl (the palea"
"is a single green, white and brown flower long and wide which is borne on a flowering spike high. The dorsal sepal and petals are fused to form a hood or ""galea"" over the column and the petals and dorsal sepal have a short point on their tips which end at or near horizontal. There is a wide gap at each side of the flower between the petals and lateral sepals. The lateral sepals are erect with a tapering tip long no higher than the galea and there is a curved sinus with a deep notch between them. The labellum"
"In those species whose flowers are held up, their angle with the horizontal is relatively constant and is characteristic of the species. Each flower has 20–30 tepals. The outer tepals – those closer to the base of the flower – are short and unconnected, and spread out or curve backwards. The inner tepals – those towards the tip of the flower – are longer and become progressively more fused together at the base to form a floral tube. In some species the difference between the outer and inner tepals creates the appearance of a ""flower within a flower"". The flowers"
"flowers are borne singly in leaf axils on a hairy stalk mostly long. There are 5 sepals which are hairy, greenish-brown to purple, mostly long, sticky and often shiny. The petals are long and joined at their lower end to form a tube. The tube is mauve, purple or pink on the outside and white inside. The outside is covered with hairs, the inside surface of the petal lobes is glabrous and the inside of the tube is densely filled with woolly hairs. The 4 stamens are fully enclosed within the tube. Flowering occurs from March to December and is"
"large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'. They come in shades of blue, from clear blue, to dark blue and purple. The falls have a bright yellow ridge, or orange mark. As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. It was counted as 2n=20, The specific epithet ""hyrcana"", refers to Hyrcania, a historical region composed of the land south-east of the Caspian Sea in modern-day Iran. In 1848, specimens of the plant were originally collected"
"the inner whorl forms petals, which attract pollinators. Tepals formed by similar sepals and petals are common in monocotyledons, particularly the ""lilioid monocots"". In tulips, for example, the first and second whorls both contain structures that look like petals. These are fused at the base to form one large, showy, six-parted structure (the perianth). In lilies the organs in the first whorl are separate from the second, but all look similar, thus all the showy parts are often called tepals. Where sepals and petals can in principle be distinguished, usage of the term ""tepal"" is not always consistent – some"
"exact clone of its parent plant. Many kinds of daylilies have thickened roots in which they store food and water. A normal, single daylily flower has three petals and three sepals, collectively called tepals, each with a midrib in either the same basic color or a different color. The centermost part of the flower, called the throat, usually is of a different color than the more distal areas of the tepals. Each flower usually has six stamens, each with a two-lobed anther. After successful pollination, a flower forms a botanical capsule (often erroneously called a pod since botanical pods are"
"long and wide and are often thickened or have their edges rolled under. The flowers are borne singly in leaf axils on a slightly flattened stalk long which, like the leaves, is covered with a layer of branched hairs. There are 5 green to purple sepals which are hairy, lance-shaped to egg-shaped at first but enlarge as the flowers develop. After flowering, the sepal become heart-shaped and long. The petals are long and joined at their lower end to form a tube. The petal tube is purple to lilac-coloured outside and white with purple spots inside. The outside of the"
"long and wide. When in flower, plants have a single flower long and wide on a stem tall with four or five stem leaves. The flowers are shiny, bright green and white and curve forwards. The dorsal sepal and petals are fused, forming a hood or ""galea"" over the column, the dorsal sepal pointed and longer than the petals. The lateral sepals are held closely against the galea, have erect thread-like tips long and a flat, protruding, U-shaped sinus between their bases. The labellum is long, about wide, curved, dark brown and just visible above the sinus. Flowering occurs from"
"the petals are absent and the sepals are colorful. When the undifferentiated tepals resemble petals, they are referred to as ""petaloid"", as in petaloid monocots, orders of monocots with brightly coloured tepals. Since they include Liliales, an alternative name is lilioid monocots. Examples of plants in which the term tepal is appropriate include genera such as ""Aloe"" and ""Tulipa"". In contrast, genera such as ""Rosa"" and ""Phaseolus"" have well-distinguished sepals and petals. The number of sepals in a flower is its merosity. Flower merosity is indicative of a plant's classification. The merosity of a eudicot flower is typically four or"
"of flowering. Up to eight dark brown flowers with translucent panels and long, wide are borne on a flowering spike tall. Each flower is carried on the end of a thin stalk long. There are between two and four stem leaves with their bases wrapped around the flowering spike. The dorsal sepal and petals are joined to form a hood called the ""galea"" over the column with the dorsal sepal having a thread-like tip long. The lateral sepals are turned downwards and are wider than the galea. They are shallowly dished, hairy on their outer edges and suddenly taper to"
"wide at the base of the plant. Between five and twelve flowers are crowded together on a flowering spike high with three to five stem leaves wrapped around it. The flowers are long and the dorsal sepal and petals are joined to form a hood called the ""galea"" over the column. The galea is erect near its base then gradually curves with the tip suddenly turning downwards. The lateral sepals turn downwards and are about long, wide, cupped and joined for part of their length before ending in narrow tips about long. The labellum is about long and wide and"
"The normal form of the sepals can be found in ""Cattleya"", where they form a triangle. In ""Paphiopedilum"" (Venus slippers), the lower two sepals are fused into a synsepal, while the lip has taken the form of a slipper. In ""Masdevallia"", all the sepals are fused. Orchid flowers with abnormal numbers of petals or lips are called peloric. Peloria is a genetic trait, but its expression is environmentally influenced and may appear random. Orchid flowers primitively had three stamens, but this situation is now limited to the genus ""Neuwiedia"". ""Apostasia"" and the Cypripedioideae have two stamens, the central one being"