"and a crossbar. Various harps served Central and Northern Europe as far north as Ireland, where the harp eventually became a national symbol. Lyres propagated through the same areas, as far east as Estonia. European music between 800 and 1100 became more sophisticated, more frequently requiring instruments capable of polyphony. The 9th-century Persian geographer Ibn Khordadbeh mentioned in his lexicographical discussion of music instruments that, in the Byzantine Empire, typical instruments included the ""urghun"" (organ), ""shilyani"" (probably a type of harp or lyre), ""salandj"" (probably a bagpipe) and the lyra. The Byzantine lyra, a bowed string instrument, is an ancestor"
"these traditional airs today, among many others. The harp is among the chief symbols of Ireland. The Celtic harp, seen on Irish coinage and used in Guinness advertising, was played as long ago as the 10th century. In ancient times, the harpers were greatly respected and, along with poets and scribes, assigned a high place amongst the most significant retainers of the old Gaelic order of lords and chieftains. Perhaps the best known representative of this tradition of harping today is Turlough Ó Carolan, a blind 18th century harper who is often considered the unofficial national composer of Ireland. Thomas"
"Irish traditional music Irish traditional music (also known as Irish trad, Irish folk music, and other variants) is a genre of folk music that developed in Ireland. In ""A History of Irish Music"" (1905), W. H. Grattan Flood wrote that, in Gaelic Ireland, there were at least ten instruments in general use. These were the ""cruit"" (a small harp) and ""clairseach"" (a bigger harp with typically 30 strings), the ""timpan"" (a small string instrument played with a bow or plectrum), the ""feadan"" (a fife), the ""buinne"" (an oboe or flute), the ""guthbuinne"" (a bassoon-type horn), the ""bennbuabhal"" and ""corn"" (hornpipes),"
"harp Or, stringed argent"" – a gold harp with silver strings on a blue background. The harp, and specifically the ""cláirseach"" (or Gaelic harp), has long been Ireland's heraldic emblem. It appears on the coat of arms which were officially registered as the arms of the state of Ireland on 9 November 1945. The harp has been recognised as a symbol of Ireland since the 13th century. Irish heraldry Irish heraldry is the forms of heraldry, such as coats of arms, in Ireland. Since 1 April 1943 it is regulated in the Republic of Ireland by the Office of the"
"the national symbol of Ireland, being depicted on national heraldry, Euro coins and Irish currency. A left-facing image of this instrument was used as the national symbol of Ireland from 1922, and was specifically granted to the State by the Chief Herald of Ireland in 1945. A right-facing image was registered as a trade mark for Guinness in 1876, although it was first used on their labels from 1862. All three surviving Gaelic harps (the others are the Lamont Harp and the Queen Mary Harp) are considered to have been made in Argyll in South West Scotland sometime in the"
"Irish fiddle The Irish fiddle is one of the most important instruments in the traditional repertoire of Irish music. The fiddle itself is identical to the violin, however it is played differently in widely varying regional styles. In the era of sound recording some regional styles have been transmitted more widely while others have become more uncommon. Modern performers include: Liz Carroll (All-Ireland Junior and Senior Fiddle Champion); John Carty; Brian Conway; Matt Cranitch; Martin Fay; Frankie Gavin; Cathal Hayden; Kevin Burke; Martin Hayes; Eileen Ivers (9-time All-Ireland Fiddle Champion); Seán Keane (fiddler); Andy McGann; Sean McGuire; Brendan Mulvihill; Gerry"
"The most common instruments used in Irish traditional dance music, whose history goes back several hundred years, are the fiddle, tin whistle, flute and Uilleann pipes. Instruments such as button accordion and concertina made their appearances in Irish traditional music late in the 19th century. The 4-string tenor banjo, first used by Irish musicians in the US in the 1920s, is now fully accepted. The guitar was used as far back as the 1930s first appearing on some of the recordings of Michael Coleman and his contemporaries. The bouzouki only entered the traditional Irish music world in the late 1960s."
"in Irish music (accordions, flutes, etc.) does not usually permit this. It is noteworthy that Irish music was predominantly solo music until the late 19th century, when these fixed-pitch instruments began to play more of a role. Like some older pipe organs, uilleann pipes are not normally tuned to even temperament, but rather to just intonation, so that the chanter and regulators can blend sweetly with the three drones. Equal temperament is almost universal with the fixed pitch instruments used in Irish music, which can clash with the tuning of the pipes. Because of the instrument's complexity, beginning uilleann pipers"
"what should be a tenor drone projects from what seems to be a bass, and the chanter again seems disproportionately long. Still, it seems to be suggestive enough of the instrument being similar in both countries. Great Irish warpipes Irish warpipes (; literally ""great pipes"") is an instrument that is native to Ireland. ""Warpipes"" is originally an English term. The first use of the Gaelic term in Ireland was recorded in a poem by Seán Ó Neachtain (c. 1650-1728), in which the bagpipes are referred to as ""píb mhór"". A likely first reference to bagpipes being played in war is"
"and the rest of Europe that contributed to what is known as Gregorian chant. Outside religious establishments, musical genres in early Gaelic Ireland are referred to as a triad of weeping music (""goltraige""), laughing music (""geantraige"") and sleeping music (""suantraige""). Vocal and instrumental music (e.g. for the harp, pipes, and various string instruments) was transmitted orally, but the Irish harp, in particular, was of such significance that it became Ireland's national symbol. Classical music following European models first developed in urban areas, in establishments of Anglo-Irish rule such as Dublin Castle, St Patrick's Cathedral and Christ Church as well as"
"taste, so there can be many variations for a particular tune. Irish fiddle The Irish fiddle is one of the most important instruments in the traditional repertoire of Irish music. The fiddle itself is identical to the violin, however it is played differently in widely varying regional styles. In the era of sound recording some regional styles have been transmitted more widely while others have become more uncommon. Modern performers include: Liz Carroll (All-Ireland Junior and Senior Fiddle Champion); John Carty; Brian Conway; Matt Cranitch; Martin Fay; Frankie Gavin; Cathal Hayden; Kevin Burke; Martin Hayes; Eileen Ivers (9-time All-Ireland Fiddle"
"sung by numerous Irish traditional singers including the late Joe Heaney and Maighread Ní Dhomhnaill, as well as in genres ranging from classical to rock and jazz. The instrumental range is as wide as the vocal, but the instruments best suited to render this air authentically are the native Irish uilleann pipes, flute, fiddle, and whistle, as these are capable of making the ""caoine"" (""cry""), the note-shaping and changing that is characteristic of the native Irish music. However, other versions using different instruments are also widely available. Musicians/composers who have performed or recorded the song include these: Róisín Dubh (song)"
"the Ireland national rugby union team and the junior national teams, ""Ireland's Call"" has since also been adopted by the Ireland's national hockey, cricket and rugby league teams along with world renown singing group Celtic Thunder. Coulter co-wrote three Eurovision Song Contest entries: Phil Coulter Phil Coulter (born 19 February 1942) is a musician, songwriter and record producer from Derry, Northern Ireland. He was awarded the Gold Badge from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors in October 2009. Coulter has amassed 23 platinum discs, 39 gold discs, 52 silver discs, two Grand Prix Eurovision awards; five Ivor Novello"
"and Associates in 1991, ten years after the auditorium was built. It features prominently in various performances at the NCH. It is one of the largest organs in Ireland with 4 manuals and 50 stops. One of the notable features of the organ is the magnificent State Trumpet, a horizontal reed stop that faces out into the auditorium. National Concert Hall The National Concert Hall (NCH) () is a concert hall located on Earlsfort Terrace in Dublin, Ireland, close to St. Stephen's Green, and is the principal national venue for classical music concerts in Ireland. Originally built for the Dublin"
"unlimited number of fiddles, flutes, accordions and tin whistles. The bodhrán is common in Irish sessions, but many sessions prefer that only one person play the bodhrán at a time. Uilleann pipes are common in Irish sessions, but the more commonly known Great Highland Bagpipes are never used in a session, because they drown out other instruments. Mandolins, banjos, citterns and bouzoukis are welcome in moderation. Guitars and dulcimers are frequently allowed in sessions without strict ""'traditional' instruments only"" rules. There are ""open sessions"", when anyone who wishes can play, and ""closed sessions"", where the playing is restricted to a"
"Town at a bar called the Devonshire Arms (although some ethnomusicologists believe that Irish immigrants in the United States may have held sessions before this); the practice was only later introduced to Ireland. By the 1960s pubs like O'Donoghues in Dublin were holding their own pub sessions. Irish traditional music Irish traditional music (also known as Irish trad, Irish folk music, and other variants) is a genre of folk music that developed in Ireland. In ""A History of Irish Music"" (1905), W. H. Grattan Flood wrote that, in Gaelic Ireland, there were at least ten instruments in general use. These"
"it was translated to Irish by Liam Ó Rinn in 1923; the Irish-language version is considered the official anthem. ""God Save Ireland"" was used from the 1870s until independence. ""God Save The Queen/King"" is commonly used by Northern Ireland, as is the Londonderry Air. ""Ireland's Call"" has been used by the Ireland national rugby union team and others since 1995. There are several national personifications, all female: Thomas Moore (1779–1852) and W. B. Yeats (1865–1939) are both considered the national poet. Irish breakfast tea is described as the national (non-alcoholic) drink. Among alcoholic drinks, Irish whiskey is the national spirit,"
"symbol of Ireland. Stout was largely unknown in Ireland when Arthur Guinness opened his brewery in 1759; the traditional beer was Irish red ale. Irish coffee, made with coffee, whiskey, sugar and cream and invented in Foynes in 1943, has been described as the national cocktail. The national dish of Ireland is the Irish stew; other national dishes include the full Irish breakfast/Ulster fry and bacon and cabbage. The national gemstone is Connemara / Conamara marble. Saint Patrick, a 5th-century bishop born in Britain, is Ireland's patron saint. Gaelic games constitute Ireland's national sports: Gaelic football, ladies' Gaelic football, hurling,"
"Chamber Choir Ireland Chamber Choir Ireland, formerly known as the National Chamber Choir of Ireland, is the Republic of Ireland's national choral ensemble and national chamber choir. Primarily funded by the Arts Council of Ireland, the choir is the resident ensemble at the National Concert Hall and Affiliated Artists to Dublin City University. Paul Hillier, has been the choir's Artistic Director since 2008. The choir's repertoire spans from early Renaissance music to the present day. It also commissions new works by contemporary composers. In addition to its performances in Ireland and international tours, the choir has released recordings on the"
"Ireland's Call ""Ireland's Call"" is a song used in place of a national anthem by some sports competitors representing the island of Ireland, originally and most notably the men's rugby union team. It was commissioned by the Irish Rugby Football Union (IRFU) for the 1995 World Cup, because many of the IRFU's members are Ulster unionists from Northern Ireland who would regard the use of the anthem of the Republic of Ireland (""Amhrán na bhFiann"", ""The Soldier's Song"") as inappropriate, as it is the national anthem of the Republic of Ireland. While some all-island sports governing bodies use ""Amhrán na"
"McKenna, Michael Rooney, Áine Minogue, Patrick Ball and Bonnie Shaljean. The best of these have a solid background in genuine Irish traditional music, often having strong competency on another instrument more common in the living tradition, such as the fiddle or concertina, and work very hard at adapting the harp to traditional music, as well as reconstructing what they can of the old harpers' music on the basis of the few manuscript sources which exist. However, the harp continues to occupy a place on the fringe of Irish traditional music. The accordion plays a major part in modern Irish music."
"""party pieces"". Cèilidh music may be provided by an assortment of instruments including fiddle, flute, tin whistle, accordion, bodhrán, hammered dulcimer and in more recent times also drums, guitar, mandolin, bouzouki and electric bass guitar. The music is cheerful and lively, consisting in Ireland mainly of jigs, reels, hornpipes, polkas, slip-jigs and waltzes, with Scotland adding strathspeys, and England adding regional forms such as the northeastern rant. The basic steps can be learned easily; a short instructional session is often provided for new dancers before the start of the dance itself. In Ireland the first cèilidh band was put together"
"from Ireland include the ""Book of Kells"", Muiredach's High Cross, the Tara Brooch, the Ardagh Hoard the Derrynaflan Chalice, and the late Cross of Cong, which also uses Viking styles. Although Gerald de Barri had a negative view of the Irish, in ""Topographia Hibernica"" (1188) he conceded that they were more skilled at playing music than any other nation he had seen. He claimed that the two main instruments were the ""harp"" and ""tabor"" (see also bodhrán), that their music was fast and lively, and that their songs always began and ended with B-flat. In ""A History of Irish Music"""
"Great Irish warpipes Irish warpipes (; literally ""great pipes"") is an instrument that is native to Ireland. ""Warpipes"" is originally an English term. The first use of the Gaelic term in Ireland was recorded in a poem by Seán Ó Neachtain (c. 1650-1728), in which the bagpipes are referred to as ""píb mhór"". A likely first reference to bagpipes being played in war is found in a manuscript written between 1484 and 1487 containing an Irish Gaelic version of “Fierabras”: the quote ""sinnter adharca & píba agaibh do tionól bur sluaigh"" translates as ""let horns and pipes be played by"
"Inishowen We'll chant a Soldier's Song. </poem> Amhrán na bhFiann """" (), called ""The Soldier's Song"" in English, is the Irish national anthem. The music was composed by Peadar Kearney and Patrick Heeney, the original English lyrics by Kearney, and the Irish-language translation, now usually heard, by Liam Ó Rinn. The song has three verses, but only the choral refrain has been officially designated the national anthem. The Presidential Salute, played when the President of Ireland arrives at an official engagement, consists of the first four bars of the national anthem immediately followed by the last five. The song, as"
"Coat of arms of Ireland The coat of arms of Ireland is blazoned as ""Azure a Celtic Harp Or, stringed Argent"" (a gold harp with silver strings on a blue background). These arms have long been Ireland's heraldic emblem. References to them as being the arms of the king of Ireland can be found as early as the 13th century. These arms were adopted by Henry VIII of England when he ended the period of Lordship of Ireland and declared Ireland to be a kingdom again in 1541. When the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland were united in 1603,"
"Amhrán na bhFiann """" (), called ""The Soldier's Song"" in English, is the Irish national anthem. The music was composed by Peadar Kearney and Patrick Heeney, the original English lyrics by Kearney, and the Irish-language translation, now usually heard, by Liam Ó Rinn. The song has three verses, but only the choral refrain has been officially designated the national anthem. The Presidential Salute, played when the President of Ireland arrives at an official engagement, consists of the first four bars of the national anthem immediately followed by the last five. The song, as ""A Soldier's Song"", was composed ""early in"
"Flag of Ireland The national flag of Ireland () – frequently referred to as the Irish tricolour (""trídhathach na hÉireann"") – is the national flag and ensign of the Republic of Ireland. The flag itself is a vertical tricolour of green (at the hoist), white and orange. The proportions of the flag are 1:2 (that is to say, flown horizontally, the flag is half as high as it is wide). Presented as a gift in 1848 to Thomas Francis Meagher from a small group of French women sympathetic to the Irish cause, it was intended to symbolise the inclusion and"
"Irish Traditional Music Archive The Irish Traditional Music Archive – Taisce Cheol Dúchais Éireann (ITMA) is a national public archive, information centre, and resource centre intended to be of use to everyone with an interest in the contemporary art forms of Irish traditional song, instrumental music, and dance, and in their history. The Archive’s area of interest covers the performance traditions of the island of Ireland and the Irish diaspora – Irish-Britain, Irish-America, Irish-Australia, etc. – and those of all other performers of Irish traditional music throughout the world. In its attitude to the Irish and connected traditions, the Archive"
"wide the real harp is, compared to the harp on Irish coins. Trinity College harp The Brian Boru's harp (also known as ""Trinity College harp"" although it bears the O'Neill Coat of Arms) is a medieval musical instrument on display in the long room at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland. It is an early Irish harp or wire strung cláirseach. It is dated to the 14th or 15th century and, along with the Queen Mary Harp and the Lamont Harp, is one of the three oldest surviving Gaelic harps. The harp was used as a model for the coat of"
"the chanter. Notes Bibliography Uilleann pipes The uilleann pipes (; ) are the characteristic national bagpipe of Ireland. Earlier known in English as ""union pipes"", their current name is a partial translation of the Irish-language term ""píobaí uilleann"" (literally, ""pipes of the elbow""), from their method of inflation. There is no historical record of the name or use of the term 'uilleann pipes' before the twentieth century. It was an invention of Grattan Flood and the name stuck. People mistook the term 'union' to refer to the 1800 Act of Union; this is incorrect as Breandán Breathnach points out that"
"Music of Ireland Irish music is music that has been created in various genres on the island of Ireland. The indigenous music of the island is termed Irish traditional music. It has remained vibrant through the 20th and into the 21st century, despite globalising cultural forces. In spite of emigration and a well-developed connection to music influences from Britain and the United States, Irish traditional music has kept many of its elements and has itself influenced many forms of music, such as country and roots music in the United States, which in turn have had some influence on modern rock"
"King of Ireland in the 12th century. From the union of the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland in 1603, they have appeared quartered on the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom. Today, they are the personal arms of the President of Ireland whilst he or she is in office and are flown as the presidential standard. The harp symbol is used extensively by the state to mark official documents, Irish coinage and on the seal of the President of Ireland. Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ), also known as the Republic of Ireland ('), is a country"