"such a measure was adopted """"to stimulate reciprocity from host countries of Cape Verdian migrants"""". A law nr. 36/V/97 was promulgated on August 25, 1997 regulating the ""Statute of Lusophone Citizen"", concerning nationals from any country member of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (article 2), stating in its article 3 that """"The lusophone citizen with residence in Cape Verde is recognized the active and passive electoral capacity for municipal elections, under conditions of the law. The lusophone citizen with residence in Cape Verde has the right to exercise political activity related to his electoral capacity."""". The 1980 Chilean Constitution"
"the Portuguese people, and similarly, Lusophone is used to refer to a Portuguese speaker. Lusophone is at present a term used to categorize persons who share the linguistic and cultural traditions of the Portuguese-speaking nations and territories of Portugal, Brazil, Macau, Timor-Leste, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea Bissau and others. Lusitanians The Lusitanians (or ) were an Indo-European people living in the west of the Iberian Peninsula prior to its conquest by the Roman Republic and the subsequent incorporation of the territory into the Roman province of Lusitania (most of modern Portugal, Extremadura and a small"
"is someone who speaks the Portuguese language, either natively or as an additional language. As an adjective it means 'Portuguese-speaking'. The Lusosphere or Lusophony (), is the totality of Portuguese speakers around the world, and the influence of the language and culture. The term derives from the name of one Ibero-Celtic tribe, the Lusitani, that lived in the north-western part of the Iberian Peninsula prior to the Roman conquest; the lands they inhabited were known as Lusitania. The Lusitani were mentioned for the first time, by Livy in the 1st century BCE, as Carthaginian mercenaries who were incorporated in the"
"Lusitanic Lusitanic is a term used to refer to persons who share the linguistic and cultural traditions of the Portuguese-speaking nations, territories, and populations, including Portugal, Brazil, Macau, Timor-Leste, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, São Tomé and Príncipe, Guinea Bissau and others, as well as the Portuguese diaspora generally. The term is derived from Lusitanian ('person of Lusitania', , fem. '; from , from ', the name of a Roman province in the Iberian Peninsula, which encompassed most of modern Portugal). Luso- is a Late Latin prefix used to denote Portugal/Portuguese, in conjunction with another toponym or demonym. A Lusophone ()"
""""" (lower case) refers to Portuguese culture in the Western Hemisphere. With regard to Portuguese culture more broadly: ', or ' for short, defines anyone of Portuguese descent or origin, while ' is the corresponding cultural adjective; these are equivalent to English ""Lusitanic"". A Lusophone ("") is any speaker of the Portuguese language (more literally in Portuguese a '), native or otherwise; "" is the adjectival form in Portuguese (it usually remains capitalized as ""Lusophone"" in English). (Compare Anglophone, Francophone, Hispanophone, for the corresponding terms for use of English, French, and Spanish, respectively.) However, there are various other ways to"
"Lusitanian language Lusitanian (so named after the Lusitani or Lusitanians) was an Indo-European Paleohispanic language. There has been support for either a connection with the ancient Italic languages or Celtic languages. It is known from only five sizeable inscriptions, dated from circa 1 CE, and numerous names of places (toponyms) and of gods (theonyms). The language was spoken in the territory inhabited by Lusitanian tribes, from the Douro to the Tagus rivers, territory that nowadays falls in central Portugal and western Spain. Lusitanian is an Indo-European language but it was quite different from the Hispano-Celtic languages of the Iberian Peninsula."
"is a name for Portuguese-speaking people. The competition is organised by the Association of the Portuguese Speaking Olympic Committees () (ACOLOP) which is an Olympic-related not-for-profit organisation. The Lusophony Games is contested by Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, East Timor, Equatorial Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Macau, Mozambique, Portugal, São Tomé and Príncipe and Sri Lanka as well as the Indian state of Goa. Angola was a Portuguese colony between 1575 and 1975 before gaining independence in the Angolan War of Independence. Portuguese is the national language of Angola. Alongside the Lusophony Games, Angola also competes at other multi-sport games such as the Olympics."
"Lusophobia Anti-Portuguese sentiment (or Lusophobia) is a hostility toward Portugal, the Portuguese people or the Portuguese language and culture. Like ""Lusitanic"", the word ""Lusophobia"" () derives from ""Lusitania"", the Ancient Roman province that comprised what is nowadays Central and Southern Portugal, and ""phobia"" that means ""fear of"". The term is used in Portuguese-speaking countries, and its use in English is rare. The opposite concept is lusophilia. In the 19th century, the term ""lusofobia"" was often used to describe nationalist sentiments in Brazil, a former colony of the Portuguese Empire, with Liberal politicians in Rio de Janeiro and Pernambuco advocating the"
"vs. ""ifate""), and the frequent loss of ""g"" between vowels points to a lenis pronunciation compared to Latin. In particular, between vowels and after ""r"", ""b"" may have represented the sound /β/, and correspondingly ""g"" was written for /ɣ/, and ""d"" for /ð/. Lusitanian language Lusitanian (so named after the Lusitani or Lusitanians) was an Indo-European Paleohispanic language. There has been support for either a connection with the ancient Italic languages or Celtic languages. It is known from only five sizeable inscriptions, dated from circa 1 CE, and numerous names of places (toponyms) and of gods (theonyms). The language was"
"Xylophone The xylophone (from the Greek words —""xylon"", ""wood"" + —""phōnē"", ""sound, voice"", meaning ""wooden sound"") is a musical instrument in the percussion family that consists of wooden bars struck by mallets. Each bar is an idiophone tuned to a pitch of a musical scale, whether pentatonic or heptatonic in the case of many African and Asian instruments, diatonic in many western children's instruments, or chromatic for orchestral use. The term ""xylophone"" may be used generally, to include all such instruments such as the marimba, balafon and even the semantron. However, in the orchestra, the term ""xylophone"" refers specifically to"
"United Kingdom, Ireland, United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand to the many former British colonies where English has official language status alongside local languages, such as India and South Africa. The French sprachraum, which also has area on several continents, is known as the Francophonie (). La Francophonie is also the name of an international organisation composed of countries with French as an official language. The Portuguese sprachraum or Lusosphere or Lusophony () is a cultural entity that includes the countries where Portuguese is the official language, as well as the Portuguese diaspora. It also includes people who may"
"Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, and East Timor. These countries, plus Macau Special Administrative Region (People's Republic of China) where Portuguese is co-official with Cantonese, make up the Lusosphere, a term derived from the ancient Roman province of ""Lusitania"", which currently matches the Portuguese territory south of the Douro river. Mirandese is also recognized as a co-official regional language in some municipalities of North-Eastern Portugal. An estimate of between 6,000 and 7,000 Mirandese speakers has been documented for Portugal. According to International English Proficiency Index, Portugal has a high proficiency level in English, higher than in countries like Italy, France or Spain."
"Luiseño language The Luiseño language is a Uto-Aztecan language of California spoken by the Luiseño, a Native American people who at the time of the first contacts with the Spanish in the 16th century inhabited the coastal area of southern California, ranging from the southern part of Los Angeles County, California, to the northern part of San Diego County, California, and inland . The people are called ""Luiseño"" owing to their proximity to the Mission San Luis Rey de Francia. The language is highly endangered, but an active language revitalization project is underway, assisted by linguists from the University of"
"Lombard language Lombard (native name ""lumbàart"", ""lumbard"" or ""lombard"", depending on the orthography; ) is a language belonging to the Cisalpine or Gallo-Italic group, within the Romance languages. It is a cluster of homogeneous varieties used by at least 3,500,000 native speakers in Northern Italy (most of Lombardy and some areas of neighbouring regions, notably the eastern side of Piedmont), Southern Switzerland (cantons of Ticino and Graubünden), and Brazil (Botuverá, Santa Catarina). The languages closest to Lombard are Franco-Provençal, French, Romansh, and Occitan. The most ancient linguistic substratum having left its mark on this language is that of the ancient"
"Luso-Asians Luso-Asians (Portuguese: ""luso-asiáticos"") are those people by ethnicity who are based in or hail primarily from Asia. They historically came under the cultural and multi-ethnic sway of the Portuguese Empire and retain aspects of the Portuguese language, Roman Catholic faith, and cultural practices, including internal and external architecture, art, and cuisine that reflect this contact. The term ""Luso"" comes from the Roman province Lusitania, roughly corresponding to modern Portugal. Luso-Asian Art is also known as Indo-Portuguese Art (from India), Cingalo-Portuguese Art (from Sri Lanka), Siamo-Luso Art (from Thailand), Malayo-Portuguese (from Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore), Sino-Portuguese Art (from China), or"
"and only to speak once they have learned to understand the language presented. Linguaphone was established in 1901 by Jacques Roston, a translator and language teacher, born in Poland, (Koło), and they were the first language training company to recognize the potential of combining the traditional written course with the wax cylinder and later with records. At the height of their popularity, Linguaphone was not only a large, international publishing house with many prestigious representative offices (for books, records, tapes and cassettes) but they also ran fashionable language schools in a number of major cities across the world, such as"
"Lusones The Lusones (Greek: ""Lousones"") were an ancient Celtiberian (Pre-Roman) people of the Iberian Peninsula (the Roman Hispania), who lived in the high Tajuña River valley, northeast of Guadalajara. They were eliminated by the Romans as a significant threat in the end of the 2nd century BC. They spoke a variety of the Celtiberian language and were a subdivision of the Celtiberians. There is an overwhelming amount of evidence that the ancestors of the Celtiberian groups were installed in the Meseta area of the Iberian Peninsula from at least 1000 BC and probably much earlier. A mixed people, they included"
"both the Swiss and Italian areas. Lombard language Lombard (native name ""lumbàart"", ""lumbard"" or ""lombard"", depending on the orthography; ) is a language belonging to the Cisalpine or Gallo-Italic group, within the Romance languages. It is a cluster of homogeneous varieties used by at least 3,500,000 native speakers in Northern Italy (most of Lombardy and some areas of neighbouring regions, notably the eastern side of Piedmont), Southern Switzerland (cantons of Ticino and Graubünden), and Brazil (Botuverá, Santa Catarina). The languages closest to Lombard are Franco-Provençal, French, Romansh, and Occitan. The most ancient linguistic substratum having left its mark on this"
"express ""Portuguese-speaking"" in Portuguese, varying with context, including ' and '; the expression ' is used of a country (or other entity) that has Portuguese as an official language. The ' (English: the Lusophony or more commonly the Lusosphere) is the worldwide scope of Portuguese – the influence of the language and culture; its speakers as a group. This is analogous to the English Anglosphere, and the French ""francophonie"" (in its broader, non-organizational sense). The cultural self-identify of the ' and the concept of an ' ('Portuguese America'), as a distinct, non-Spanish subset of Latin America, independent from Portugal and"
"Lusophony Games The Lusophony Games () is a multinational multi-sport event organized by the ACOLOP, which involves athletes coming from Lusophone (Portuguese-speaking) countries, most countries competing are countries that are members of the CPLP (Community of Portuguese Language Countries), but some are countries with significant Portuguese communities or have a history with Portugal Participating countries are founding members Angola, Brazil, Cape Verde, East Timor, Guinea-Bissau, Macau (Chinese SAR), Mozambique, Portugal and São Tomé and Príncipe, and associate members Equatorial Guinea, India and Sri Lanka. In addition, Ghana, Flores (an island of Indonesia), Mauritius and Morocco have also expressed the desire"
"ancient Portuguese, i.e., Oestriminis and Cynetes. The Lusitanians (or Lusitānus/Lusitani in Latin) were an Indo-European speaking people (likely Celtic) living in the Western Iberian Peninsula long before it became the Roman province of Lusitania (modern Portugal, Extremadura and a small part of Salamanca). They spoke the Lusitanian language, of which only a few short written fragments survive. Most Portuguese consider the Lusitanians as their ancestors. Although the northern regions (Minho, Douro, Tras-os-Montes) identify more with the Gallaecians. It has been hypothesized that the Lusitanians may have originated in the Alps and settled in the region in the 6th century BC."
"Luções Luções (, Spanish: Luzones) was a demonym used by Portuguese sailors in Malaysia during the early 1500s, referring to the people who lived in Manila Bay, which was then called Lusong (Portuguese: ""Luçon"") Eventually, the term Luções would refer to the peoples Luzon island, and later on, would be exclusive to the peoples of the central area of Luzon (now Central Luzon. None of the Portuguese writers who first used the term in the early 1500s had gone to Lusong themselves, so the term was used specifically to describe the seafarers who settled in or traded with Malaysia at"
"Luxembourgish Luxembourgish, Luxemburgish ( ) or Letzeburgesch ( or ) (Luxembourgish: ""Lëtzebuergesch"") is a West Germanic language that is spoken mainly in Luxembourg. About 390,000 people speak Luxembourgish worldwide. A variety of the Moselle Franconian language, Luxembourgish has similarities with other varieties of Moselle Franconian and the wider group of West Germanic languages. However, the status of Luxembourgish as an official language in Luxembourg and the existence there of a regulatory body, has removed Luxembourgish, at least in part, from the domain of Standard German, its traditional ""Dachsprache"". Luxembourgish belongs to the West Central German group of High German languages"
"Universidade Lusófona Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies) is the largest Portuguese private university, and the main institution of Grupo Lusófona, which administers other universities and colleges in Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique. Indeed, promotion of Lusophony (the speaking of Portuguese) is seen as a major objective of the institution; students from former Portuguese African colonies pay substantially reduced fees. The Universidade Lusofona started in 1987 in Lisbon and is the property of Grupo Lusófona a Portuguese private investor group geared at developing higher education institutions in Lusophone countries. Since then"
"James Herbert Lorrain James Herbert Lorrain, or Pu Buanga, (6 February 1870 – 1 July 1944) was a Scottish Baptist missionary in northeast India, including Mizoram, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh. He and Frederick William Savidge reduced the Lushai language (a Colonial British name, present Mizo language) to writing—devised an alphabet using Roman lettering and phonetic form of spelling based on Hunterian system translation; compiled grammar and dictionaries for missionary activities and clerical administration. He and F.W. Savidge were credited to the establishment of Christianity and education in Mizoram. They compiled the first Lushai grammar and dictionary. As a gifted lexicographer,"
"Indosphere Indosphere is a term coined by the linguist James Matisoff for areas of Indian linguistic and cultural influence in Southeast Asia. It is commonly used in areal linguistics in contrast with Sinosphere. The Tibeto-Burman family of languages, which extends over a huge geographic range, is characterized by great typological diversity, comprising languages that range from the highly tonal, monosyllabic, analytic type with practically no affixational morphology, like the Loloish languages, to marginally tonal or atonal languages with complex systems of verbal agreement morphology, like the Kiranti group of Nepal. This diversity is partly to be explained in terms of"
"elements of early Italic (Osco-Latin) and Gallic affiliation, the latter possibly related to the namesake Helvetic Lusones from present-day Switzerland or from Pannonia, who migrated to the Iberian Peninsula around the 4th Century BC. Some scholars also reasoned that they might bear some connection with the Lusitani, with the latter people being actually an off-shot of the Lusones that migrated to the west of the Peninsula during the 4th Century BC. The Greek geographer Strabo located the Lusones near the Tajo headwaters, whereas the historian Appian places them along the Ebro. In fact, their lands were located in the Aragonese"
"Considering Galician as an independent language reduces contact with Portuguese culture, leaving Galician as a minor language with less capacity to counterbalance the influence of Spanish, the only official language between the 18th century and 1975. On the other hand, viewing Galician as a part of the Lusophony, while not denying its own characteristics (cf. Swiss German), shifts cultural influence from the Spanish domain to the Portuguese. Although it is difficult to clarify the political positions of those who favour one view or the other, the vindication of Galician as an independent language is generally associated with more conservative political"
"of French has historically been important and strong among the Lusophone elites, and for a great span of time it was also the foreign language of choice among the middle class of both Portugal and Brazil, only surpassed in the globalised postmodernity by English, in both, and more recently by Spanish, in the latter. The French spoken in Belgium shows some influence from Walloon. The development of French in North America was influenced by the speech of settlers originating from northwestern France, many of whom introduced features of their Oïl varieties into the French they spoke. (See also ""French language"
"as recorded in ""The Sparkman Grammar of Luiseño"": Linguist John Peabody Harrington made a series of recordings of speakers of Luiseño in the 1930s. Those recordings, made on aluminum disks, were deposited in the United States National Archives. They have since been digitized and made available over the internet by the Smithsonian Institution. Luiseño language The Luiseño language is a Uto-Aztecan language of California spoken by the Luiseño, a Native American people who at the time of the first contacts with the Spanish in the 16th century inhabited the coastal area of southern California, ranging from the southern part of"
"from the Greek λυσσα, ""frenzy"" or ""rage"", and sometimes Rage personified; for later poets, Lusus and Lyssa become flesh-and-blood companions (even children) of Bacchus. Luís de Camões' epic ""Os Lusíadas"" (1572), which portrays Lusus as the founder of Lusitania, extends these ideas, which have no connection with modern etymology. In his work, ""Geography"", the classical geographer Strabo (died ca. 24 AD) suggests a change had occurred in the use of the name ""Lusitanian"". He mentions a group who had once been called ""Lusitanians"" living north of the Douro river but were called in his day ""Callacans"". The Lusitani, who were"
"Judaeo-Portuguese Judaeo-Portuguese, or Lusitanic, is the extinct Jewish language that was used by the Jews of Portugal. It was the vernacular of Sephardi Jews in Portugal before the 16th century and also in many places of the Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Its texts were written in the Hebrew script (""aljamiado português"") or the Latin alphabet. As Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephards, the language influenced the nearby Judeo-Spanish. Close similarity to Standard Portuguese made Judeo-Portuguese go extinct in Portugal, having survived in everyday usage in the diaspora until the late 18th/early 19th century. Judeo-Portuguese influenced the Papiamento and Saramaccan languages."
"Judaeo-Portuguese Judaeo-Portuguese, or Lusitanic, is the extinct Jewish language that was used by the Jews of Portugal. It was the vernacular of Sephardi Jews in Portugal before the 16th century and also in many places of the Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Its texts were written in the Hebrew script (""aljamiado português"") or the Latin alphabet. As Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephards, the language influenced the nearby Judeo-Spanish. Close similarity to Standard Portuguese made Judeo-Portuguese go extinct in Portugal, having survived in everyday usage in the diaspora until the late 18th/early 19th century. Judeo-Portuguese influenced the Papiamento and Saramaccan languages."