"mentioned only four winds. Hesiod (c. 700 BCE) in his ""Theogony"" (c. 735) gives the four winds mythical personification as gods, the Anemoi (""Ἄνεμοι""), the children of the Titan gods Astraeus (stars) and Eos (dawn). But Hesiod himself refers to only three winds by name – Boreas, Notos and Zephyrus – which he called the ""good winds"" and the ""children of the morning"" (engendering a little confusion, as it might be read as they were all easterly winds – although curious that Eurus is not among them). Hesiod refers to other ""bad winds"", but not by name. The Greek physician"
"""Zephyrus"" seem to come from ""brightness"" (q.v. Eos) and ""gloominess"" (""zophos"") respectively, doubtlessly a reference to sunrise and sunset. The archaic Greek poet Homer (c. 800 BC) refers to the four winds by name – Boreas, Eurus, Notos, Zephyrus – in his ""Odyssey"", and in the ""Iliad"". However, at some points, Homer seems to imply two more: a northwest wind and a southwest wind. Some have taken this to imply that Homer may have had as many as eight winds. However, others remain unconvinced, and insist Homer only had a four wind-rose. Writing several centuries later, Strabo (c. 10 BC)"
"and ""Daybright"". She was the Mother of several notable offspring, including the Winds, Zephyrus, Boreas, and Notus, and the Morning Star, Eosphoros, all of whom she bore to the Titan Astraeus (""of the Stars""), and Memnon, her son by Tithonus. This rosy-fingered, saffron-robed and golden-throned goddess, who goes up to Olympus to announce the light to the immortals, fell in love several times, and some say it was Aphrodite who cursed her to be perpetually in love, because once had Eos lain with Aphrodite's sweetheart Ares, the god of war. Eos is the daughter of Hyperion and Theia and sister"
"Coeus In Greek mythology, Coeus (; , ""Koios"", ""query, questioning"" or ""intelligence"") was one of the Titans, the giant sons and daughters of Uranus (Heaven) and Gaia (Earth). His equivalent in Latin poetry—though he scarcely makes an appearance in Roman mythology—was Polus, the embodiment of the celestial axis around which the heavens revolve. Like most of the Titans he played no active part in Greek religion—he appears only in lists of Titans—but was primarily important for his descendants. With his sister, ""shining"" Phoebe, Coeus fathered Leto and Asteria. Leto copulated with Zeus (the son of fellow Titans Cronus and Rhea)"
"(Sun), Selene (Moon), and Eos (Dawn), and from Crius and Eurybia came Astraios, Pallas, and Perses. From Eos and Astraios came the winds: Zephyrus, Boreas and Notos, Eosphoros (Dawn-bringer, i.e. Venus, the Morning Star), and the Stars. From Pallas and the Oceanid Styx came Zelus (Envy), Nike (Victory), Cratos (Power), and Bia (Force). From Coeus and Phoebe came Leto and Asteria, who married Perses, producing Hekate, and from Cronus and Rhea came Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Poseidon, Hades, and Zeus. The Titan Iapetos married the Oceanid Clymene and produced Atlas, Menoetius, Prometheus, and Epimetheus. Zeus married seven wives. His first wife"
"Chaos and Caligo (Darkness). According to Jan Bremmer, Hyginus says further that the children of Aether and Day were Earth, Heaven, and Sea, while the children of Aether and Earth were ""Grief, Deceit, Wrath, Lamentation, Falsehood, Oath, Vengeance, Intemperance, Altercation, Forgetfulness, Sloth, Fear, Pride, Incest, Combat, Ocean, Themis, Tartarus, Pontus; and the Titans, Briareus, Gyges, Steropes, Atlas, Hyperion, and Polus, Saturn, Ops, Moneta, Dione; and three Furies – namely, Alecto, Megaera, Tisiphone."" Aristophanes states that Aether was the son of Erebus. However, Damascius says that Aether, Erebus and Chaos were siblings, and the offspring of Chronos (Father Time). According to"
"Nereus In Greek mythology, Nereus (; Ancient Greek: Νηρεύς) was the eldest son of Pontus (the Sea) and Gaia (the Earth), who with Doris fathered the Nereids and Nerites, with whom Nereus lived in the Aegean Sea. R. S. P. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin. In the ""Iliad"" the Old Man of the Sea is the father of Nereids, though Nereus is not directly named. He was never more manifestly the Old Man of the Sea than when he was described, like Proteus, as a shapeshifter with the power of prophecy, who would aid heroes such as Heracles who managed"
"""buran"" is applied. ""Boreas"" (, ) was the Greek god of the cold north wind and the bringer of winter. (Mallory and Adams speculate that the name may derive from a Proto-Indo-European root *gworh- meaning mountain.) Boreas is depicted as being very strong, with a violent temper to match. He was frequently shown as a winged old man with shaggy hair and beard, holding a conch shell and wearing a billowing cloak. Pausanias wrote that Boreas had snakes instead of feet, though in art he was usually depicted with winged human feet. Closely associated with horses (native to the Eurasian"
"knowledge of something necessary (in this case the identity of Hesperus and Phosphorus) could be empirical rather than knowable ""a priori"". Hesperus In Greek mythology, Hesperus ( ""Hesperos"") is the Evening Star, the planet Venus in the evening. He is the son of the dawn goddess Eos (Roman Aurora) and is the half-brother of her other son, Phosphorus (also called Eosphorus; the ""Morning Star""). Hesperus' Roman equivalent is Vesper (cf. ""evening"", ""supper"", ""evening star"", ""west""). By one account Hesperus' father was Cephalus, a mortal, while Phosphorus' was the star god Astraios. Other sources, however, state that Hesperus was the brother"
"and bore Artemis and Apollo. Given that Phoebe symbolized prophetic wisdom just as Coeus represented rational intelligence, the couple may have possibly functioned together as the primal font of all knowledge in the cosmos. Along with the other Titans, Coeus was overthrown by Zeus and the other Olympians in the Titanomachy. Afterwards, he and all his brothers were imprisoned in Tartarus by Zeus. Coeus, later overcome with madness, broke free from his bonds and attempted to escape his imprisonment, but was repelled by Cerberus. Coeus In Greek mythology, Coeus (; , ""Koios"", ""query, questioning"" or ""intelligence"") was one of the"
"Asterie, quem tibi candidi primo restituent vere Favonii?"" Why do you weep, Asterie, for the man whom the bright west winds will restore to you at the beginning of spring?</poem> ""Notus"" (, ""Nótos"") was the Greek god of the south wind. He was associated with the desiccating hot wind of the rise of Sirius after midsummer, was thought to bring the storms of late summer and autumn, and was feared as a destroyer of crops. Notus' equivalent in Roman mythology was Auster, the embodiment of the sirocco wind, a southerly wind which brings cloudy weather, powerful winds and rain to"
"Latin poets the name Eurus is used for the east or southeast wind, as in Greek. Four lesser wind deities appear in a few ancient sources, such as at the Tower of the Winds in Athens: Kaikias was the Greek deity of the northeast wind. He is shown on the monument as a bearded man with a shield full of hailstones. Apeliotes (or Apheliotes) (the name means 'from the (rising) sun') was the Greek deity of the east wind. As this wind was thought to cause a refreshing rain particularly beneficial to farmers, he is often depicted wearing high boots"
"wind, was not associated with any of the three Greek seasons, and is the only one of these four Anemoi not mentioned in Hesiod's ""Theogony"" or in the Orphic Hymns. The deities equivalent to the Anemoi in Roman mythology were the Venti (Latin, ""winds""). These gods had different names, but were otherwise very similar to their Greek counterparts, borrowing their attributes and being frequently conflated with them. ""Boreas"" (, ""Boréas""; also , ) was the Greek god of the cold north wind and the bringer of winter. Although normally taken as the north wind, the Roman writers Aulus Gellius and"
"Orthrus In Greek mythology, Orthrus (, ""Orthros"") or Orthus (, ""Orthos"") was, according to the mythographer Apollodorus, a two-headed dog who guarded Geryon's cattle and was killed by Heracles. He was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, and the brother of Cerberus, who was also a multi-headed guard dog. His name is given as either ""Orthrus"" (""Ὄρθρος"") or ""Orthus"" (""Ὄρθος""). For example, Hesiod, the oldest source, calls the hound ""Orthus"", while Apollodorus calls him ""Orthrus"". According to Hesiod, Orthrus was the father of the Sphinx and the Nemean Lion, though who Hesiod meant as the mother, whether Echidna,"
"Nyx (Night). And Nyx ""from union in love"" with Erebus produced Aether (Brightness) and Hemera (Day). From Gaia came Uranus (Sky), the Ourea (Mountains), and Pontus (Sea). Uranus mated with Gaia, and she gave birth to the twelve Titans: Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Hyperion, Iapetus, Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, Phoebe, Tethys and Cronus; the Cyclopes: Brontes, Steropes and Arges; and the Hecatoncheires (""Hundred-Handed Ones""): Cottus, Briareos, and Gyges. When Cronus castrated Uranus, from Uranus' blood which splattered onto the earth, came the Erinyes (Furies), the Giants, and the Meliai. Cronus threw the severed genitals into the sea, around which foam developed"
"Boreads The Boreads () are the ""wind brothers"" in Greek mythology. They consist of Calaïs (Κάλαϊς) and Zetes (also Zethes) (Ζήτης). Their place of origin was Thrace, home of their father Boreas (North wind). Calais and Zetes were credited to have very delicate and graceful hairs which were said to give them the ability of flying. They had the biggest pride to the longest curls between the two of them and by boasting about these locks, they were very uplifted. The Boreads were the sons of Boreas and Oreithyia, daughter of King Erechtheus of Athens. They were the brothers of"
"(by another woman) and the lover of the nymph Pitys. Boreas was also claimed to have killed one of Apollo's many male lovers Hyacinthus out of jealousy. Boreas presumably killed Hyacinthus by deflecting a discus that Hyacinthus had thrown straight into his head and killed him. Though his death was said to be an accident on Apollo's part many thought that Boreas was the true culprit. The Roman equivalent of Boreas was Aquilo. This north-east wind was associated with winter. The poet Virgil writes: <poem>""interea magnum sol circumvolvitur annum,"" ""et glacialis hiemps aquilonibus asperat undas"" Meanwhile the sun moves round"
"Eos and Cephalus. On an Etruscan mirror Thesan is shown carrying off a young man, whose name is inscribed as Tinthu</small>. The Roman equivalent of Eos is Aurora, also a cognate showing the characteristic Latin rhotacism. Dawn became associated in Roman cult with Matuta, later known as Mater Matuta. She was also associated with the sea harbors and ports, and had a temple on the Forum Boarium. On June 11, the Matralia was celebrated at that temple in honor of Mater Matuta; this festival was only for women during their first marriage. Eos In Greek mythology, Eos (; Ionic and"
"Doris (mythology) Doris (; Δωρίς ""bounty""), an Oceanid, was a sea nymph in Greek mythology, whose name represented the bounty of the sea. She was the daughter of Oceanus and Tethys and the wife of Nereus. She was also aunt to Atlas, the Titan who was made to carry the sky upon his shoulders, whose mother Clymene was a sister of Doris. Doris was mother to Nerites and the fifty Nereids, including Thetis, who was the mother of Achilles, and Amphitrite, Poseidon's wife, and mother of Triton. Doris when not associated with a god, was considered the fertility of the"
"(Sea) producing a descendent line consisting primarily of sea deities, sea nymphs, and hybrid monsters. Their first child Nereus (Old Man of the Sea) married Doris, one of the Oceanid daughters of the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and they produced the Nereids, fifty sea nymphs, which included Amphitrite, Thetis, and Psamathe. Their second child Thaumas, married Electra, another Oceanid, and their offspring were Iris (Rainbow) and the two Harpies: Aello and Ocypete. Gaia and Pontus' third and fourth children, Phorcys and Ceto, married each other and produced the two Graiae: Pemphredo and Enyo, and the three Gorgons: Sthenno, Euryale, and"
"none, bare Momos (Blame) and painful Oizys (Misery), and the Hesperides . . . Also she bare the Moirai (Fates) and the ruthless avenging Keres (Death Fates) . . . Also deadly Nyx bare Nemesis (Envy) to afflict mortal men, and after her, Apate (Deceit) and Philotes (Friendship) and hateful Geras (Old Age) and hardhearted Eris (Strife)."""" Cicero, De Natura Deorum 3. 17 (trans. Rackham) (Roman rhetorician C1st B.C.):""""Their [Aether and Hemera's] brothers and sisters, whom the ancient genealogists name Amor (Love), Dolus (Guile) [Dolos], Metus (Fear), Labor (Toil), Invidentia (Envy), Fatum (Fate), Senectus (Old Age), Mors (Death), Tenebrae (Darkness),"
"Pontus (mythology) In Greek mythology, Pontus (; , , ""Sea"") was an ancient, pre-Olympian sea-god, one of the Greek primordial deities. Pontus was Gaia's son and has no father; according to the Greek poet Hesiod, he was born without coupling, though according to Hyginus, Pontus is the son of Aether and Gaia. For Hesiod, Pontus seems little more than a personification of the sea, ""ho pontos"", ""the Road"", by which Hellenes signified the Mediterranean Sea. With Gaia, he fathered Nereus (the Old Man of the Sea), Thaumas (the awe-striking ""wonder"" of the Sea, embodiment of the sea's dangerous aspects), Phorcys"
"Boreas, the North Wind of Greek mythology. With legend describing the people who live on the other side of this home of the North Wind as a peaceful, civilized people who eat grain and live by the sea, the Hyperboreans have been identified by some as the Chinese. Its gateway status is now supplanted by the new gateway city of Khorgas. The windswept valley of the Dzungarian Gate, wide at its narrowest, is located between Lake Alakol to the northwest in Kazakhstan and Ebinur Lake () to the southeast in China. At its lowest, the floor of the valley lies"
"Hesperus In Greek mythology, Hesperus ( ""Hesperos"") is the Evening Star, the planet Venus in the evening. He is the son of the dawn goddess Eos (Roman Aurora) and is the half-brother of her other son, Phosphorus (also called Eosphorus; the ""Morning Star""). Hesperus' Roman equivalent is Vesper (cf. ""evening"", ""supper"", ""evening star"", ""west""). By one account Hesperus' father was Cephalus, a mortal, while Phosphorus' was the star god Astraios. Other sources, however, state that Hesperus was the brother of Atlas, and thus the son of Iapetus. Hesperus is the personification of the ""evening star"", the planet Venus in the"
"Eurus, Zephyrus) were confined to meteorology. Nonetheless, both systems were gradually conflated, and wind names came to eventually denote cardinal directions as well. In his meteorological studies, Aristotle identified ten distinct winds: two north-south winds (Aparctias, Notos) and four sets of east-west winds blowing from different latitudes—the Arctic circle (Meses, Thrascias), the summer solstice horizon (Caecias, Argestes), the equinox (Apeliotes, Zephyrus) and the winter solstice (Eurus, Lips). However, Aristotle's system was asymmetric. To restore balance, Timosthenes of Rhodes added two more winds to produce the classical 12-wind rose, and began using the winds to denote geographical direction in navigation. Eratosthenes"
"to have fathered three giant Hyperborean priests of Apollo by Chione. Boreas was also said to have kidnapped Orithyia, an Athenian princess, from the Ilisos. Boreas had taken a fancy to Orithyia and had initially pleaded for her favours, hoping to persuade her. When this failed, he reverted to his usual temper and abducted her as she danced on the banks of the Ilisos. Boreas wrapped Orithyia up in a cloud, married her, and with her, Boreas fathered two sons—the Boreads, Zethes and Calais—and two daughters—Chione, goddess of snow, and Cleopatra. From then on, the Athenians saw Boreas as a"
"planet from which they originated"". Miguel Serrano was influenced by Charroux's writings on the Hyperboreans. Hyperborea In Greek mythology the Hyperboreans (, ; ) were a mythical race of giants who lived ""beyond the North Wind"". The Greeks thought that Boreas, the god of the North Wind (one of the ""Anemoi"", or ""Winds"") lived in Thrace, and therefore Hyperborea indicates that it is a region beyond Thrace. This land was supposed to be perfect, with the sun shining twenty-four hours a day, which to modern ears suggests a possible location within the Arctic Circle during the Midnight Sun-time of year."
"Cronus, the Titan who fathered the Olympians; Phaethon was sacred to Zeus, Cronus's son who deposed him as king; Pyroeis was given to Ares, son of Zeus and god of war; Phosphoros was ruled by Aphrodite, the goddess of love; and Hermes, messenger of the gods and god of learning and wit, ruled over Stilbon. The Greek practice of grafting of their gods' names onto the planets was almost certainly borrowed from the Babylonians. The Babylonians named Phosphoros after their goddess of love, ""Ishtar""; Pyroeis after their god of war, ""Nergal"", Stilbon after their god of wisdom Nabu, and Phaethon"
"Athenian king Erechtheus, were born to Aello and the North Wind Boreas. Other progeny of Podarge were Phlogeus and Harpagos, horses given by Hermes to the Dioscuri, who competed for the chariot-race in celebration of the funeral games of Pelias. The swift horse Arion was also said to begotten by loud-piping Zephyrus on a harpy (probably Podarge), as attested by Quintus Smyrnaeus. The most celebrated story in which the harpies play a part is that of King Phineus of Thrace, who was given the gift of prophecy by Zeus. Angry that Phineus gave away the god's secret plan, Zeus punished"
"Tantalus Tantalus ( ""Tántalos"") was a Greek mythological figure, most famous for his eternal punishment in Tartarus. He was also called Atys. He was made to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches, with the fruit ever eluding his grasp, and the water always receding before he could take a drink. He was the father of Pelops, Niobe and Broteas, and was a son of Zeus and the nymph Plouto. Thus, like other heroes in Greek mythology such as Theseus and the Dioskouroi, Tantalus had both a hidden, divine parent and a mortal one."
"Tantalus Tantalus ( ""Tántalos"") was a Greek mythological figure, most famous for his eternal punishment in Tartarus. He was also called Atys. He was made to stand in a pool of water beneath a fruit tree with low branches, with the fruit ever eluding his grasp, and the water always receding before he could take a drink. He was the father of Pelops, Niobe and Broteas, and was a son of Zeus and the nymph Plouto. Thus, like other heroes in Greek mythology such as Theseus and the Dioskouroi, Tantalus had both a hidden, divine parent and a mortal one."
"Orithyia (Athenian) In Greek mythology, Orithyia or Oreithyia (; Greek: Ὠρείθυια ""Ōreithuia""; Latin: ""Ōrīthyia"") was an Athenian princess. Orithyia was the fifth daughter of King Erechtheus of Athens and his wife, Praxithea. Her brothers were Cecrops, Pandorus, and Metion, and her sisters were Protogeneia, Pandora, Procris, Creusa, and Chthonia. Orithyia gave Boreas two daughters, Chione and Cleopatra (the wife of Phineus) and two sons, Calais and Zetes, both known as the Boreads. These sons grew wings like their father and joined the Argonauts in the quest for the golden fleece. Boreas, the north wind, fell in love with Orithyia. At"
"Agreus and Nomios In Greek mythology Agreus or Argeus (Ancient Greek: Ἀγρεύς, Ἀργεύς) and his brother Nomios (Νόμιος) are two of the Pans, creatures multiplied from the god Pan. They are human in shape, but have the horns of goats. Both were the sons of Hermes, Agreus' mother being the nymph Sose, a prophetess: he inherited his mother's gift of prophecy, and was also a skilled hunter. Nomios' mother was the dryad Penelope (not the same as the wife of Odysseus). He was an excellent shepherd, a seducer of nymphs, and musician upon the shepherd's pipes. Agreus and Nomios could"