"Colon (punctuation) The colon ( : ) is a punctuation mark consisting of two equally sized dots centered on the same vertical line. A colon precedes an explanation or an enumeration, or list. A colon is also used with ratios, titles and subtitles of books, city and publisher in bibliographies, Biblical citations between chapter and verse, and for salutations business letters and other formal letter writing, and often to separate hours and minutes. The most common use of the colon is to inform the reader that what follows the colon proves, explains, defines, describes, or lists elements of what preceded"
"Greek ἀστέριον (""astērion""), meaning ""star"" or ""starry"". The ""Mercedes point"" is an alternative term for the asterion, for its resemblance to the Mercedes-Benz logo. Asterion (anatomy) The asterion is the point on the skull corresponding to the posterior end of the parietomastoid suture. In human anatomy, the asterion is a visible, so-called craniometric, point on the exposed skull, just behind the ear, where three cranial sutures meet: or where three cranial bones meet: In the adult, it lies 4 cm behind and 12 mm above the center of the entrance to the ear canal. Neurosurgeons use this point to orient"
"Stigmata Stigmata (singular ""stigma"") is a term used in Christian mysticism to describe the manifestations of bodily wounds, scars and pain in locations corresponding to the crucifixion wounds of Jesus Christ, such as the hands, wrists, and feet. An individual bearing the wounds of stigmata is referred to as a stigmatist or a stigmatic. The term originates from the line at the end of Saint Paul's Letter to the Galatians where he says, ""I bear on my body the marks of Jesus."" ""Stigmata"" is the plural of the Greek word στίγμα ""stigma"", meaning a mark, tattoo, or brand such as"
"Body-stalk The body-stalk, also known as the allantoic stalk, is a band of mesoderm that connects the caudal end of the embryo to the chorion in development. With the formation of the caudal fold, the body-stalk assumes a ventral position; a diverticulum of the yolk-sac extends into the tail fold and is termed the hindgut. With continued development, the body-stalk is later replaced by the umbilical cord. Body stalk anomalies occur in approximately 1 in 15,000 births. They are due to defects in the formation of cephalic, caudal, and lateral embryonic body folds, that result in a reduced or absent"
"Asterion (anatomy) The asterion is the point on the skull corresponding to the posterior end of the parietomastoid suture. In human anatomy, the asterion is a visible, so-called craniometric, point on the exposed skull, just behind the ear, where three cranial sutures meet: or where three cranial bones meet: In the adult, it lies 4 cm behind and 12 mm above the center of the entrance to the ear canal. Neurosurgeons use this point to orient themselves, in order to plan safe entry into the skull for some operations, such as retro-sigmoid approach. The asterion receives its name from the"
"Calcarine sulcus The calcarine sulcus (or calcarine fissure) is an anatomical landmark located at the caudal end of the medial surface of the brain. Its name comes from the Latin ""calcar"" meaning ""spur"". It is a complete sulcus. The calcarine sulcus begins near the occipital pole in two converging rami and runs forward to a point a little below the splenium of the corpus callosum, where it is joined at an acute angle by the medial part of the parieto-occipital sulcus. The anterior part of this sulcus gives rise to the prominence of the calcar avis in the posterior cornu"
"umbilical cord. Body-stalk The body-stalk, also known as the allantoic stalk, is a band of mesoderm that connects the caudal end of the embryo to the chorion in development. With the formation of the caudal fold, the body-stalk assumes a ventral position; a diverticulum of the yolk-sac extends into the tail fold and is termed the hindgut. With continued development, the body-stalk is later replaced by the umbilical cord. Body stalk anomalies occur in approximately 1 in 15,000 births. They are due to defects in the formation of cephalic, caudal, and lateral embryonic body folds, that result in a reduced"
"tinea corporis known as tinea imbricata, otherwise known as tokelau. This is characterized by concentric rings of overlapping scales called papulosquamous patches which may exist for an individual's lifetime. While these lesions appears to affect mostly the trunk region of the body, it may affect any other area. There has been rare occurrences where the nails, skin and palms are affected but it has not been known to invade hair. Most lesions begin on the face and subsequently spread to larger areas of the body. Pruritis has been the most common symptom of infection and it is most severe in"
"Pastia's lines Pastia's sign, Pastia lines, or Thompson's sign is a clinical sign in which pink or red lines formed of confluent petechiae are found in skin creases, particularly the crease in the antecubital fossa, the soft depression on the inside of the arm; the folding crease divides this fossa where the forearm meets the (upper) arm (the biceps, triceps, humerus section of the upper extremity); the inside of the elbow (the inside flexor depression (fossa) of the elbow. It occurs in patients with scarlet fever prior to the appearance of the rash and persists as pigmented lines after desquamation."
"Porion ""For people with the surname, see Porion (surname)."" The porion is the point on the human skull located at the upper margin of each ear canal (external auditory meatus, external acoustic meatus). It lies on the superior margin of the tragus. It is a cephalometric landmark with significance in biological anthropology and in clinical applications such as oral and maxillofacial surgery. The porion is one of the three anatomical points used to determine the Frankfurt plane. The Frankfurt plane (also called the auriculo-orbital plane) was established at the World Congress on Anthropology in Frankfurt, Germany in 1884, and decreed"
"no better than chance at identifying the location of a hip fracture. In those cases where the John Thomas sign is positive, it has been proposed that a person with a displaced hip fracture may try to lie on the injured side to immobilize the fracture and reduce pain; the penis then inclines toward the downward (injured) side. John Thomas sign The John Thomas sign, also known as the Throckmorton sign, is a slang or joke term used in the field of radiology. It refers to the position of a penis as it relates to pathology on an x-ray of"
"is called craniosynostosis. The outer surface of the skull possesses a number of landmarks. The point at which the frontal bone and the two parietal bones meet is known as ""Bregma"". The point at which the two parietal and occipital bones meet is known as ""Lambda"". Not only do these landmarks indicate the fontanelle in newborns, they also act as reference points in medicine and surgery. The inner surface of the skull-cap is concave and presents depressions for the convolutions of the cerebrum, together with numerous furrows for the lodgement of branches of the meningeal vessels. Along the middle line"
"John Thomas sign The John Thomas sign, also known as the Throckmorton sign, is a slang or joke term used in the field of radiology. It refers to the position of a penis as it relates to pathology on an x-ray of a pelvis. When the penis (visible on the x-ray as a shadow) points towards the same side as a unilateral medical condition such as a broken bone, this is considered a ""positive John Thomas sign"", and if the shadow points to the other side, it is a ""negative John Thomas sign."" Studies have shown that the ""sign"" is"
"the three points listed above, sufficient to describe a plane in three-dimensional space. The Mastoid Index (a craniometric measurement)is the distance from the porion to the asterion. The determination of the Frankfort plane differs between skeletal and soft tissues, soft tissue using the tragus as the landmark in place of the porion. Porion ""For people with the surname, see Porion (surname)."" The porion is the point on the human skull located at the upper margin of each ear canal (external auditory meatus, external acoustic meatus). It lies on the superior margin of the tragus. It is a cephalometric landmark with"
"students who do not know who Terry-Thomas was, this finding might also be known as the David Letterman sign. Terry Thomas sign The Terry Thomas sign is a radiologic term used to describe scapholunate ligament dissociation on an anteroposterior view of the wrist. Most commonly a result of a fall on the outstretched hand (), the scapholunate ligament ruptures resulting in separation of the lunate and scaphoid bones. This burst causes the scaphoid bone to dorsally rotate. A gap of more than 3mm is pathognomonic for scapholunate dissociation. The resulting separation between the scaphoid and lunate bones leaves a space"
"junction between the occipital and petrous portion of the temporal bone lies a jugular foramen. The inner surface of the occipital bone is marked by dividing lines as shallow ridges, that form four fossae or depressions. The lines are called the cruciform (cross-shaped) eminence. At the midpoint where the lines intersect a raised part is formed called the internal occipital protuberance. From each side of this eminence runs a groove for the transverse sinuses. There are two midline skull landmarks at the foramen magnum. The ""basion"" is the most anterior point of the opening and the ""opisthion"" is the point"
"as in the brachial region of the arm. The first word describes what is being spoken about, the second describes it, and the third points to location. When describing the position of anatomical structures, structures may be described according to the anatomical landmark they are near. These landmarks may include structures, such as the umbilicus or sternum, or anatomical ""lines"", such as the ""midclavicular line"" from the centre of the clavicle. The cephalon or cephalic region refers to the head. This area is further differentiated into the cranium (skull), facies (face), frons (forehead), oculus (eye area), auris (ear), bucca (cheek),"
"of the soil upon which they spend their lives. The pedipalp is a segmented, chelate (clawed) appendage used for prey immobilization, defense and sensory purposes. The segments of the pedipalp (from closest to the body outwards) are coxa, trochanter, femur (humerus), patella, tibia (including the fixed claw and the manus) and tarsus (moveable claw). A scorpion has darkened or granular raised linear ridges, called ""keels"" or ""carinae"" on the pedipalp segments and on other parts of the body, which are useful taxonomically. The mesosoma is the broad part of the opisthosoma. Sometimes it is loosely called the ""abdomen"". It consists"
"Terry Thomas sign The Terry Thomas sign is a radiologic term used to describe scapholunate ligament dissociation on an anteroposterior view of the wrist. Most commonly a result of a fall on the outstretched hand (), the scapholunate ligament ruptures resulting in separation of the lunate and scaphoid bones. This burst causes the scaphoid bone to dorsally rotate. A gap of more than 3mm is pathognomonic for scapholunate dissociation. The resulting separation between the scaphoid and lunate bones leaves a space on the x-ray that is similar to the gap comedian Terry-Thomas had between his front teeth. For newer radiology"
"Crowe sign The Crowe sign or Crowe's sign is the presence of axillary (armpit) freckling in people with neurofibromatosis type I (von Recklinghausen's disease). These freckles occur in up to 30% of people with the disease and their presence is one of six diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis. Freckles can also be present in the intertriginous area in neurofibromatosis, such as the inguinal fold, submamillary areas and nape of the neck. This medical sign is named after Frank W. Crowe (July 2, 1919-April 29, 1987), an American physician who practiced Dermatology in Boise, Idaho. In 1956 Crowe et al. recognised the"
"nerve into the skull. The opisthion is the midpoint on the posterior margin of the foramen magnum and is a cephalometric landmark. Another landmark is the basion located at the midpoint on the anterior margin of the foramen magnum. The foramen magnum is a very important feature in bipedal mammals. One of the attributes of a bipedal animal’s foramen magnum is a forward shift of the anterior border; this is caused by the shortening of the cranial base. Studies on the foramen magnum position have shown a connection to the functional influences of both posture and locomotion. The forward shift"
"(N) are points that together form the sella-nasion line (SN or S-N), which can be projected into the SN plane. A prime symbol (′) usually indicates the point on the skin's surface that corresponds to a given bony landmark (for example, nasion (N) versus skin nasion (N′). Below is a list of cephalometric planes that are commonly used in different cephalometric analyses. The basic elements of analysis are angles and distances. Measurements (in degrees or millimetres) may be treated as absolute or relative, or they may be related to each other to express proportional correlations. The various analyses may be"
"opisthosoma or abdomen. Segmentation has almost entirely been lost and the prosoma and opisthosoma are fused, only the positioning of the limbs indicating the location of the segments. At the front of the body is the gnathosoma or capitulum. This is not a head and does not contain the eyes or the brain, but is a retractable feeding apparatus consisting of the chelicerae, the pedipalps and the oral cavity. It is covered above by an extension of the body carapace and is connected to the body by a flexible section of cuticle. The mouthparts differ between taxa depending on diet;"
"The sign is named after the Romanian physician Constantin Chessec Pastia (1883–1926). Pastia's lines Pastia's sign, Pastia lines, or Thompson's sign is a clinical sign in which pink or red lines formed of confluent petechiae are found in skin creases, particularly the crease in the antecubital fossa, the soft depression on the inside of the arm; the folding crease divides this fossa where the forearm meets the (upper) arm (the biceps, triceps, humerus section of the upper extremity); the inside of the elbow (the inside flexor depression (fossa) of the elbow. It occurs in patients with scarlet fever prior to"
"Neck The neck is the part of the body, on many vertebrates, that separates the head from the torso. It contains blood vessels and nerves that supply structures in the head to the body. These in humans include part of the esophagus, the larynx, trachea, and thyroid gland, major blood vessels including the carotid arteries and jugular veins, and the top part of the spinal cord. In anatomy, the neck is also called by its Latin names, cervix or collum, although when used alone, in context, the word ""cervix"" more often refers to the uterine cervix, the neck of the"
"Labret A labret is one form of body piercing. Taken literally, it is any type of adornment that is attached to the lip (labrum). However, the term usually refers to a piercing that is below the bottom lip, above the chin. It is sometimes referred to as a ""tongue pillar"" or a ""soul patch piercing."" The traditional pronunciation of ""labret"" in anthropology is . It derives from the Latin ""labrum"" ""lip"" and the diminutive suffix ""-et."" However, many in the body-piercing industry give it the pseudo-French pronunciation , though the French word is in fact borrowed from the English. The"
"Labret A labret is one form of body piercing. Taken literally, it is any type of adornment that is attached to the lip (labrum). However, the term usually refers to a piercing that is below the bottom lip, above the chin. It is sometimes referred to as a ""tongue pillar"" or a ""soul patch piercing."" The traditional pronunciation of ""labret"" in anthropology is . It derives from the Latin ""labrum"" ""lip"" and the diminutive suffix ""-et."" However, many in the body-piercing industry give it the pseudo-French pronunciation , though the French word is in fact borrowed from the English. The"
"Crotch In humans, the crotch is the bottom of the pelvis, the region of the body where the legs join the torso, and is often considered to include the groin and genitals. ""Crotch"" is derived from ""crutch""; it ""was first used in 1539 to refer to a forked stick used as a farm implement."" This region of the body is also described with other terms such as ""groin"" or the lower ventral area. The human crotch has been depicted in artwork. In Paleolithic art, forms called tectiforms or quadrilaterals have sometimes been interpreted to be ""quick visual guides, reminders to"
"External occipital protuberance Near the middle of the squamous part of occipital bone is the external occipital protuberance, the highest point of which is referred to as the inion. The inion is the most prominent projection of the protuberance which is located at the posterioinferior (lower rear) part of the human skull. The nuchal ligament and trapezius muscle attach to it. The inion (ἰνίον, iníon, Greek for the occipital bone) is used as a landmark in the 10-20 system in electroencephalography (EEG) recording. Extending laterally from it on either side is the superior nuchal line, and above it is the"
"which the motion is made. A contact point denotes an imaginary or in-the-air point with the contactpoint ending at a location and noted as being a firm ending with the firmpoint. The orbit mark indicates a central ""point"" around which the handshapes orbit; for orbital paths cut short, one would use a steering mark, and for parallel cranking motions, the crank mark would be used. The locatives are characters that denote a specific location on or near the signer's body. They are presented from a face-on and side-view. The two sub-classifications are frontal and profile locatives. Non-manual marks vary quite"
"Ilium (bone) The ilium () (plural ilia) is the uppermost and largest part of the hip bone, and appears in most vertebrates including mammals and birds, but not bony fish. All reptiles have an ilium except snakes, although some snake species have a tiny bone which is considered to be an ilium. The ilium of the human is divisible into two parts, the body and the wing; the separation is indicated on the top surface by a curved line, the arcuate line, and on the external surface by the margin of the acetabulum. The name comes from the Latin (""ile"","
"nasus (nose), oris (mouth), and mentum (chin). The neck area is called the cervix or cervical region. Examples of structures named according to this include the frontalis muscle, submental lymph nodes, buccal membrane and orbicularis oculi muscle. Sometimes, unique terminology is used to reduce confusion in different parts of the body. For example, different terms are used when it comes to the skull in compliance with its embryonic origin and its tilted position compared to in other animals. Here, ""Rostral"" refers to proximity to the front of the nose, and is particularly used when describing the skull. Similarly, different terminology"
"Vermilion border The vermilion border (sometimes spelled vermillion border), also called margin or zone, is the normally sharp demarcation between the lip and the adjacent normal skin. It is where lipstick is sometimes applied. It represents the change in the epidermis from highly keratinized external skin to less keratinized internal skin. It has no sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or facial hair. It has a prominence on the face, creating a focus for cosmetics and is also a location for several skin diseases. Its functional properties, however, remain unknown. The lips are composed wholly of soft tissue. The skin of the"