"Pemba flying fox The Pemba flying fox (""Pteropus voeltzkowi"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is endemic to the island of Pemba in Tanzania. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical mangrove forest. It is threatened by habitat loss. The Pemba flying fox has a wingspan of and is one of the largest species of fruit bat. It has a fox-like face, tawny fur, orange underparts and black ears, nose and wings. The adult weight is 400 to 650 g (0.9 to 1.2 lb), and the head and"
"Flying fox (fish) The flying fox (""Epalzeorhynchos kalopterus"") is a Southeast Asian species of freshwater fish in the Cyprinidae family. It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade. Among others, it is known to eat green algae. It is sometimes mistakenly referred to as the Siamese algae eater. The flying fox fish has a characteristic long body with a flat abdominal area. Its dorsal area has a coloration ranging from olive to dark brown. The lower half of its body has a yellowish white hue. A brownish-black line is apparent from its mouth, eye and the caudal fins. On top"
"flying foxes skim over the surface of water to drink and are sometimes eaten by crocodiles. The species was classified as ""least concern"" by the IUCN in 2008. The head and body length is 22–25 cm, forearm 16–18 cm, weight 400–1000 g. A large spectacled flying fox has pale yellow or straw-colored fur around its eyes. The mantle is pale yellow and goes across the back, neck, and shoulders. Some have pale yellow fur on the face and top of the head. Spectacled flying foxes are forest dwellers and rainforests are their preferred habitat. They prefer to roost in the"
"are not known to reproduce in the aquarium. The flying fox is similar to the Siamese algae eater (""Crossocheilus oblongus"") and the false flying fox (""Garra cambodgiensis"") when young. Flying fox (fish) The flying fox (""Epalzeorhynchos kalopterus"") is a Southeast Asian species of freshwater fish in the Cyprinidae family. It is commonly seen in the aquarium trade. Among others, it is known to eat green algae. It is sometimes mistakenly referred to as the Siamese algae eater. The flying fox fish has a characteristic long body with a flat abdominal area. Its dorsal area has a coloration ranging from olive"
"Fox Foxes are small-to-medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. Foxes have a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or ""brush""). Twelve species belong to the monophyletic ""true foxes"" group of genus ""Vulpes"". Approximately another 25 current or extinct species are always or sometimes called foxes; these foxes are either part of the paraphyletic group of the South American foxes, or of the outlying group, which consists of bat-eared fox, gray fox, and island fox. Foxes live on every continent except Antarctica. By far the most common"
"personatus""), flying foxes are likely monophyletic. There are over 60 extant species of flying fox. Flying foxes are now present from the western Indian Ocean midway through the Pacific Ocean as far east as the Cook Islands. They are found in tropical and subtropical climates. Many species of flying fox are polygynandrous, meaning that each individual will mate with several other individuals. The Samoa flying fox is a notable exception because it is monogamous. Flying fox sexual behaviors include oral sex in addition to intercourse, with fellatio and cunnilingus observed between opposite sexes, as well as homosexual fellatio in at"
"endangered species. Gilliard's flying fox The Gilliard's flying fox (""Pteropus gilliardorum"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. In Spanish, the common name is ""zorro volador de Gilliard"". It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is known from only three specimens. Their natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical swamps. They prefer to stay solitary or in small groups. They live in a restricted range, and widespread clearing of lowland forests could affect upland habitats. Not enough information about the Gilliard's flying fox is available to determine if it is a"
"fox was one of the many mammal species originally described by Linnaeus in the landmark 1758 10th edition of his ""Systema Naturae"", receiving the name ""Vespertilio vampyrus"". The large flying fox is among the largest species of bat. It weighs and has a wingspan of up to . Its head-body length is . As with all megabats, it has a fox-like face, hence its name. It lacks a tail and has pointed ears. The hairs on much of its body are long and woolly, but are shorter and more erect on the upper back. The mantle hairs tend to be"
"unknown. Okinawa flying fox The Okinawa flying fox (""Pteropus loochoensis"") is a species of megabat in the genus ""Pteropus"". It is endemic to possibly Japan. It was previously listed as extinct by the IUCN, but because the two known specimens are taxonomically uncertain and of unknown provenance, it was changed to 'Data Deficient'. Some place this animal into synonymy under ""Pteropus mariannus"". Two specimens are in the British Natural History Museum, and the whereabouts of the third is unknown. Two of the specimens are believed to have come from Southeast Asia, so the true distribution of the Okinawa flying fox"
"of this brownish-black line is a gold-colored stripe. The eyes of a flying fox may have a reddish iris. Its dorsal, anal and ventral finnage consisting of a black band and a white edge. Although known to grow up to , flying foxes have an average length of in an aquarium setting. The flying fox is a bottom-dweller that thrives in fast-flowing foothill rivers and streams of the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Java and Sumatra in Southeast Asia. A 20 to 40 gallon tank or bigger lined with fine gravel substrate is suitable for an average-sized flying fox fish. Being bottom-dwellers,"
"Small flying fox The small flying fox, island flying fox or variable flying fox (""Pteropus hypomelanus"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Australia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Maldives, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. The small flying fox is quite variable in its colouring. The head is usually dark brown but can be yellowish-brown and is paler in the eastern part of the animal's range. The back is tawny-brown and the underparts some shade of buff. The ears are partially furred and the wing membranes are"
"speciose, it is divided into closely related species groups. The black-bearded flying fox is identifier of the ""melanopogon"" species group, which also includes the following species: Adults weigh approximately . It is one of the heavier species of its family, based on the few individuals that have been weighed. The fur is dark red on its brow, face, between the eyes, and under the jaw. On its head, neck, shoulders, and ventral side, it is bright reddish brown. Individual hairs are bicolored, with the base of the hair pale and yellowish while the tip is darker. Its dorsal surface is"
"as flying foxes are not adapted to high-fiber diets. Protein supplements are recommended for captive flying foxes; other supplements such as vitamin C, calcium, chondroitin sulfate, and glucosamine can be recommended periodically. The majority of flying fox species are nocturnal and forage at night. A few island species and subspecies are diurnal, however, hypothesized as a response to a lack of predators. Diurnal taxa include ""P. melanotus natalis"", the Mauritian flying fox, the Caroline flying fox, ""P. p. insularis"", and the Seychelles fruit bat. Foraging resources are often far from roosts, with individuals traveling up to to reach them. Flying"
"whose crops are raided. Small flying fox The small flying fox, island flying fox or variable flying fox (""Pteropus hypomelanus"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It is found in Australia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Maldives, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Solomon Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. The small flying fox is quite variable in its colouring. The head is usually dark brown but can be yellowish-brown and is paler in the eastern part of the animal's range. The back is tawny-brown and the underparts some shade of buff. The ears are partially furred and"
"of information on its population size and trend, as well as any threats it may be facing. Andersen's flying fox Andersen's flying fox (""Pteropus intermedius"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae found in south Burma and west Thailand. Although it is hunted for both food and as a pest, it is not known if this has a significant impact on the species. It has been seen roosting in tall, well-established trees in urban areas and will fly several kilometres to eat wild and cultivated fruits. The species was named after Knud Christian Andersen. It was last"
"Okinawa flying fox The Okinawa flying fox (""Pteropus loochoensis"") is a species of megabat in the genus ""Pteropus"". It is endemic to possibly Japan. It was previously listed as extinct by the IUCN, but because the two known specimens are taxonomically uncertain and of unknown provenance, it was changed to 'Data Deficient'. Some place this animal into synonymy under ""Pteropus mariannus"". Two specimens are in the British Natural History Museum, and the whereabouts of the third is unknown. Two of the specimens are believed to have come from Southeast Asia, so the true distribution of the Okinawa flying fox is"
"of the genus is the Mauritian flying fox, ""P. niger"" (described as ""Vespertilio vampyrus niger"" by Robert Kerr in 1792). The decision to designate ""P. niger"" as the type species was made by the ICZN through their plenary powers over biological nomenclature. """"Pteropus"""" comes from Ancient Greek """"pterón"""" meaning ""wing"" and """"poús"""" meaning ""foot."" The phrase ""flying fox"" has been used to refer to ""Pteropus"" bats since at least 1759. Flying foxes species vary in body weight, ranging from . Across all species, males are usually larger than females. The large flying fox has the longest forearm length and reported"
"Gilliard's flying fox The Gilliard's flying fox (""Pteropus gilliardorum"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. In Spanish, the common name is ""zorro volador de Gilliard"". It is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It is known from only three specimens. Their natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical swamps. They prefer to stay solitary or in small groups. They live in a restricted range, and widespread clearing of lowland forests could affect upland habitats. Not enough information about the Gilliard's flying fox is available to determine if it is a threatened or"
"remain fertile with no decrease in reproductive capability for at least the first 12 or 13 years of life. Flying foxes, like all bats, are long-lived relative to their size. In the wild, average lifespans are likely 15 years. However, individuals part of populations that face excessive disturbance may have lifespans as short as 7.1 years. In captivity, individuals can live approximately 20–28 years. The longest-lived flying fox was an Indian flying fox who lived in captivity. It lived to age 31 years and 5 months. Most flying fox species are gregarious and form large aggregations of individuals called colonies"
"flying fox is native to Fiji, Samoa and American Samoa. Its habitat is primary or secondary moist forest, plantations, agroforest and the vicinity of villages. Unlike most flying foxes, this species roosts alone or in small family groups. This bat is mostly diurnal, making foraging expeditions in early mornings and late afternoons. The diet consists mainly of fruit but leaves, flowers and nectar are also eaten. This bat is believed to be monogamous and males defend a territory of about . A single offspring is born each year, usually in May or June. The juveniles begin to fly when they"
"congregation of flying fox fish may, however, exhibit territorial behavior. Lone foxes often challenge other species for dominance. In the aquarium, flying foxes may live from 8 to 10 years. Although an algae eater, flying foxes are also known to consume food in the form of flakes, wafers and tablets. Being omnivorous, vegetables such as spinach, zucchini and lettuce, as well as live planarians, tubifex worms, crustaceans and other aquatic insects are normally offered to flying foxes. Oatmeal is also served to flying foxes. It does not consume red algae. Gender among flying foxes is difficult to determine. Flying foxes"
"Peregrine falcon The peregrine falcon (""Falco peregrinus""), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey (raptor) in the family Falconidae. A large, crow-sized falcon, it has a blue-grey back, barred white underparts, and a black head. As is typical of bird-eating raptors, peregrine falcons are sexually dimorphic, with females being considerably larger than males. The peregrine is renowned for its speed, reaching over during its characteristic hunting stoop (high-speed dive), making it the fastest member of the animal kingdom. According to a ""National Geographic"" TV programme, the highest"
"of contrasting fur color on the back of their head, the shoulders, and the upper back. They lack tails. As the common name ""flying fox"" suggests, their heads resemble that of a small fox because of their small ears and large eyes. Females have one pair of mammae located in the chest region. Their ears are long and pointed at the tip and lack tragi. The outer margin of each ear forming an unbroken ring. The toes have sharp, curved claws. While microbats only have a claw on each thumb of their forelimbs, flying foxes additionally have a claw on"
"robust skull. The dental formula is . It has a total of 34 teeth. The large flying fox's wings are short and somewhat rounded at the tips. This allows them to fly slowly, but with great maneuverability. The wing membranes are only haired near the body. The large flying fox ranges from Malay Peninsula, to the Philippines in the east and Indonesian Archipelago of Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Timor in the south. In certain areas, the bat prefers coastal regions, but it can also be found at elevations up to . Flying foxes inhabit primary forest, mangrove forest, coconut groves,"
"least one species, the Bonin flying fox. Opposite-sex oral sex is associated with increased duration of intercourse, while same-sex fellatio is hypothesized to encourage colony formation of otherwise-antagonistic males in colder climates. Flying fox gestation length varies among species; gestation length is 140–190 days (4.6–6.3 months). Females have a litter size of one young at a time, called a pup. Twins have been occasionally documented in some species, however. Twins can be fraternal, identical, or the result of superfetation. Pups are altricial and sparsely furred at birth. Pups are relatively small at birth, weighing approximately 12% of the mother's weight."
"Andersen's flying fox Andersen's flying fox (""Pteropus intermedius"") is a species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae found in south Burma and west Thailand. Although it is hunted for both food and as a pest, it is not known if this has a significant impact on the species. It has been seen roosting in tall, well-established trees in urban areas and will fly several kilometres to eat wild and cultivated fruits. The species was named after Knud Christian Andersen. It was last recorded in Thailand in 1970 and, presumably, there is still a small viable population in Myanmar. It"
"but one of the area's large flying squirrels of the genus ""Aeromys"", possibly Thomas's flying squirrel (""A. thomasi""). Other skeptics claim that it may be a red giant flying squirrel (""Petaurista petaurista""). Cat-fox The cat-fox is a possible new species of carnivoran discovered on the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. It was first discovered by Swiss-based environmental group WWF in 2003, using a night-time camera trap in Kayan Mentarang National Park. The mammal is slightly larger than a cat, with red fur, a long tail, and hind legs that are longer than the front legs. Its overall appearance"
"eyesight, as they cannot echolocate. They have long life spans and low reproductive outputs, with females of most species producing only one offspring per year. Their slow life history makes their populations vulnerable to threats such as overhunting, culling, and natural disasters. Six flying fox species have been made extinct in modern times by overhunting. Flying foxes are often persecuted for their real or perceived role in damaging crops. They are ecologically beneficial by assisting in the regeneration of forests via seed dispersal. They benefit ecosystems and human interests by pollinating plants. Flying foxes are relevant to humans as a"
"the 62 flying fox species evaluated by the IUCN as of 2018, 3 are considered critically endangered— the Aru flying fox, Livingstone's fruit bat, and the Vanikoro flying fox. Another 7 species are listed as endangered; 20 are listed as vulnerable, 6 as near threatened, 14 as least concern, and 8 as data deficient. A further 4 are listed as extinct—the dusky flying fox, the large Palau flying fox, the small Mauritian flying fox, and the Guam flying fox. Over half of the species are threatened today with extinction, and in particular in the Pacific, a number of species have"
"each index finger. A flying fox skull is composed of 24 bones. The snout is made of 7, the cranium of 16, and the mandible is a single bone. It has a large and bulbous braincase. Like all mammals, flying foxes have three middle ear ossicles which assist in transmitting sound to the brain. Flying fox skulls continue to develop after they are born. Compared to adults, young flying foxes have very short snouts; as they reach maturity, the maxilla elongates, gaining bone between the zygomatic processes and the canine teeth. Based on the grey-headed flying fox's development, pups are"
"Flying frog A flying frog (also called a gliding frog) is a frog that has the ability to achieve gliding flight. That is, it can descend at an angle of less than 45° relative to the horizontal. Other (non-flying) arboreal frogs can also descend vertically, but only at angles greater than 45°, which is referred to as parachuting. Gliding flight has evolved independently several times among the 3,400 species of frogs from both New World (Hylidae) and Old World (Rhacophoridae) families. This parallel evolution is seen as an adaptation to their life in trees, high above the ground. Characteristics of"
"Dusky flying fox The dusky flying fox (""Pteropus brunneus""), also known as the Percy Island flying fox, is an extinct species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It was endemic to Percy Island off the southeast coast of Mackay, Queensland, in the northeast corner of Australia. Only one specimen is known to exist. It was documented in 1859 and collected by Dobson in 1878. Since that record, no further documentation is known of this species. Currently, the specimen is located at the British Museum of Natural History, and was validated as a separate species in the late 20th century."
"Dusky flying fox The dusky flying fox (""Pteropus brunneus""), also known as the Percy Island flying fox, is an extinct species of flying fox in the family Pteropodidae. It was endemic to Percy Island off the southeast coast of Mackay, Queensland, in the northeast corner of Australia. Only one specimen is known to exist. It was documented in 1859 and collected by Dobson in 1878. Since that record, no further documentation is known of this species. Currently, the specimen is located at the British Museum of Natural History, and was validated as a separate species in the late 20th century."