"Cheroot The cheroot is a cylindrical cigar with both ends clipped during manufacture. Since cheroots do not taper, they are inexpensive to roll mechanically, and their low cost makes them popular. The word cheroot comes from French ""cheroute"", from Tamil ""curuttu/churuttu/shuruttu"" (சுருட்டு), roll of tobacco. This word could have been absorbed into the French language from Tamil during the 18th century, when the French were trying to stamp their presence in South India. The word could have then been absorbed into English from French. Cheroots are traditional in Burma and India, and consequently popular among the British during the days"
"Chelicerata The subphylum Chelicerata (New Latin, from French ""chélicère"", from Greek χήλή, ""khēlē"" ""claw, chela"" and κέρας, ""kéras"" ""horn"") constitutes one of the major subdivisions of the phylum Arthropoda. It contains the horseshoe crabs, sea spiders, arachnids (including scorpions and spiders) and several extinct lineages, such as the eurypterids. The Chelicerata originated as marine animals, possibly in the Cambrian period, but the first confirmed chelicerate fossils, eurypterids, date from about 467 to 458 million years ago in the Middle Ordovician period. The surviving marine species include the four species of xiphosurans (horseshoe crabs), and possibly the 1,300 species of pycnogonids"
"Chenopodium atrovirens Chenopodium atrovirens is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common names pinyon goosefoot and dark goosefoot. It is native to western North America, including southern Western Canada and most of the Western United States. It grows in many types of habitat, including open, sandy sites and disturbed areas, and in montane regions such as the Sierra Nevada, Peninsular Ranges, and Rocky Mountains. It is an annual herb growing an erect, branching stem up to about 60 centimeters tall, sometimes remaining much smaller. It is green to magenta in color and coated lightly"
"mites may be useful in controlling some of these. Chelicerata The subphylum Chelicerata (New Latin, from French ""chélicère"", from Greek χήλή, ""khēlē"" ""claw, chela"" and κέρας, ""kéras"" ""horn"") constitutes one of the major subdivisions of the phylum Arthropoda. It contains the horseshoe crabs, sea spiders, arachnids (including scorpions and spiders) and several extinct lineages, such as the eurypterids. The Chelicerata originated as marine animals, possibly in the Cambrian period, but the first confirmed chelicerate fossils, eurypterids, date from about 467 to 458 million years ago in the Middle Ordovician period. The surviving marine species include the four species of xiphosurans"
"Cheilostomata Cheilostomata (accepted name Cheilostomatida), an order of Bryozoa in the class Gymnolaemata, are exclusively marine, colonial invertebrate animals. Cheilostome colonies are composed of calcium carbonate and grow on a variety of surfaces, including rocks, shells, seagrass and kelps. The colony shapes range from simple encrusting sheets to erect branching and even unattached forms. As in other bryozoan groups, each colony is composed of a few to thousands of individual polypides. Each individual has a U-shaped gut, and no respiratory, circulatory, or nerve system. Unique among bryozoans, cheilostome polypides are housed in a box-shaped zooids, which do not grow larger"
"Chelicerae The chelicerae () are the mouthparts of the Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as ""jaws"", some chelicerae, such as those found in spiders, are hollow and contain (or are connected to) venom glands, and are used to inject venom into prey or a (perceived) threat. Chelicerae can be divided into three kinds: jackknife chelicerae, scissor chelicerae, and 3-segmented chelate chelicerae. The jackknife chelicera is subchelate (with fixed finger much reduced or absent) and is composed of two segments. This type of chelicera occurs exclusively in the Tetrapulmonata. Jackknife chelicera"
"Chevrotain Chevrotains, also known as mouse-deer, are small ungulates that make up the family Tragulidae, the only members of the infraorder Tragulina. The 10 extant species are placed in three genera, but several species also are known only from fossils. The extant species are found in forests in South and Southeast Asia, with a single species in the rainforests of Central and West Africa. They are solitary or live in pairs, and feed almost exclusively on plant material. Chevrotains are the smallest hoofed mammals in the world. The Asian species weigh between , while the African chevrotain is considerably larger"
"organism can grow in complex organic compounds and in sugars, and since it has not been yet determined if ""S. shibatae"" can grow autotrophically, this organism is either a heterotrophic or mixotrophic archaeon. Saccharolobus shibatae Saccharolobus shibatae is an archaeal species belongs to the kingdom Crenarchaeota. ""Saccharolobus shibatae"" was described for the first time as ""Sulfolobus shibatae"" in 1990, after being isolated from geothermal pools in Beppu, Japan. It was transferred from the genus ""Sulfolobus"" to the new genus ""Saccharolobus"" with the description of ""Saccharolobus caldissimus"" in 2018. With a diameter between 0.7-1.5 µm, this organism thrives at a pH"
"possessing chelicerate appendages, although crustaceans also possess chelate appendages. Chelicerates are more easily distinguished from other arthropods in lacking antennae and mandibles. Chelicerae are chelate appendages that are used to grasp food. For example, in horseshoe crabs, they are like pincers, whereas in spiders, they are hollow and contain (or are connected to) venom glands and are used to inject venom to disable prey prior to feeding. In some spiders, the chelicerae have teeth, which are used to macerate prey items to assist digestion by secreted enzymes. Those spiders without toothed chelicerae inject digestive enzymes directly into their prey. Mites"
"Chert Chert () is a hard, fine-grained sedimentary rock composed of crystals of quartz (silica) that are very small (microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline). Quartz (silica) is the mineral form of silicon dioxide (SiO). Chert is often of biological origin (organic) but may also occur inorganically as a chemical precipitate or a diagenetic replacement (e.g., petrified wood). Geologists use chert as a generic name for any type of microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline quartz. Chert is usually of biological origin, being the petrified remains of siliceous ooze, the biogenic sediment that covers large areas of the deep ocean floor, and which contains the silicon"
"Cheiloceratidae Cheiloceratidae is a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the goniatitid suborder Tornoceratina in which the suture has 4 to 12 lobes, the ventral one undivided and those in the lateral areas originating as subdivisions of internal and external lateral saddles. The taxonomy of the Cheiloceratidae varies according to the perception of different researchers over time and can be considered a work in progress. That presented in the taxobox is simply one of the more recent. Cheiloceratidae is the larger of two families included in the Cheilocerataceae in the 1957 Treatise Part L, the other being the Tornoceratidae. The"
"Gyroporus castaneus Gyroporus castaneus, or commonly the chestnut bolete, is a small, white-pored relation of the ""Boletus"" mushrooms. It has a brown cap, and is usually found with oak trees. It differs from the true boletes in that the spores are a pale straw colour. The species was described initially by the French mycologist Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard (1742–1792). Formerly a member of the Paxillaceae family, research now places this mushroom in Gyroporaceae. ""Gyroporus"" means 'having round pores', and ""castaneus"" is a reference to the chestnut colouration. The cap is from 3 to 10 cm in diameter, and pale"
"Chenopodium Chenopodium is a genus of numerous species of perennial or annual herbaceous flowering plants known as the goosefoots, which occur almost anywhere in the world. It is placed in the family Amaranthaceae in the APG II system; older classification systems, notably the widely used Cronquist system, separate it and its relatives as Chenopodiaceae, but this leaves the rest of the Amaranthaceae polyphyletic. However, among the Amaranthaceae, the genus ""Chenopodium"" is the namesake member of the subfamily Chenopodioideae. In Australia, the larger ""Chenopodium"" species are among the plants called ""bluebushes"". Chualar in California is named after a Native American term"
"Chenopodium album Chenopodium album is a fast-growing weedy annual plant in the genus ""Chenopodium"". Though cultivated in some regions, the plant is elsewhere considered a weed. Common names include lamb's quarters, melde, goosefoot, manure weed, and fat-hen, though the latter two are also applied to other species of the genus ""Chenopodium"", for which reason it is often distinguished as white goosefoot. It is sometimes also called pigweed. However, pigweed is also a name for a few weeds in the family Amaranthaceae; it is for example used for the redroot pigweed (""Amaranthus retroflexus""). ""Chenopodium album"" is extensively cultivated and consumed in"
"Chenopodium album Chenopodium album is a fast-growing weedy annual plant in the genus ""Chenopodium"". Though cultivated in some regions, the plant is elsewhere considered a weed. Common names include lamb's quarters, melde, goosefoot, manure weed, and fat-hen, though the latter two are also applied to other species of the genus ""Chenopodium"", for which reason it is often distinguished as white goosefoot. It is sometimes also called pigweed. However, pigweed is also a name for a few weeds in the family Amaranthaceae; it is for example used for the redroot pigweed (""Amaranthus retroflexus""). ""Chenopodium album"" is extensively cultivated and consumed in"
"Goosefoot, also referred to as Chenopodium, is a small flowering plant with edible seeds that may have been cultivated in small gardens. The evidence for this is uncertain, however. There is related uncertainty in the timeframe for such cultivation (believed to be during Archaic or Woodland periods). These early cave dwellers were efficient consumers of game. The women roasted or stewed the flesh. They cured and softened the hides or skins, and made pieces into clothing. Bones were shaped into tools. The chief weapon of these occupants was a short spear (tipped with stone point), which was propelled by an"
"Water chevrotain The water chevrotain (""Hyemoschus aquaticus""), also known as the fanged deer, is a small ruminant found in tropical Africa. It is the largest of the 10 species of chevrotains, basal even-toed ungulates which are similar to deer, but are barely larger than small dogs. Unusually for most mammals, female water chevrotains are larger than males. On average, they weigh over 2 kg more than the 10-kg males. Their body length is about 85 cm, and their shoulder height is around 35 cm. Water chevrotains have a rich, sleek, red-brown coat on top, and the underside of the coat"
"at . ""Chevrotain"" is a French word that means ""little goat"". The single African species is consistently known as ""chevrotain"". The names ""chevrotain"" and ""mouse-deer"" have been used interchangeably among the Asian species, though recent authorities typically have preferred chevrotain for the species in the genus ""Moschiola"" and mouse-deer for the species in the genus ""Tragulus"". Consequently, all species with pale-spotted or -striped upper parts are known as ""chevrotain"" and without are known as ""mouse-deer"". The Telugu name for the Indian spotted chevrotain is ""jarini pandi"", which literally means ""a deer and a pig"". In Kannada, it is called ""barka"""
"or loosely covering the seed. The horizontally oriented seeds are depressed-globular to lenticular, with rounded to subacute margin. The black seed coat is almost smooth to finely striate, rugulose or pitted. The genus ""Chenopodium"" contains several plants of minor to moderate importance as food crops as leaf vegetables – used like the closely related spinach (""Spinacia oleracea"") and similar plants called ""quelite"" in Mexico – and pseudocereals. These include white goosefoot (""C. album""), ""kañiwa"" (""C. pallidicaule"") and quinoa (""C. quinoa""). On the Greek island of Crete, tender shoots and leaves of a species called ""krouvida"" (κρουβίδα) or ""psarovlito"" (ψαρόβλητο) are"
"Chenopodium pratericola Chenopodium pratericola is a species of flowering plant in the goosefoot family known by the common name desert goosefoot. It is native to much of western and central North America, where it grows in many types of open habitat, such as sagebrush, often on alkaline soils. It is an annual herb growing up to 65 to 80 centimeters tall, sometimes branching. It is powdery in texture, especially on the leaves and flowers. The leaves are oval to lance-shaped and some are lobed. The inflorescences are located in leaf axils and in panicles at the end of the stem."
"in pinkish powdery dust. The leaves are oblong or oval and up to 3.5 centimeters long. They have smooth edges and sometimes have a few lobes. The inflorescence is a rounded cluster of many minute flowers. Each tiny flower has five slightly powdery lobes in its corolla, each barely visible. The fruit is oval in shape and about a millimeter long, coating the tiny seed loosely. Chenopodium atrovirens Chenopodium atrovirens is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common names pinyon goosefoot and dark goosefoot. It is native to western North America, including southern Western"
"Cheiruridae Cheiruridae is a family of phacopid trilobites of the suborder Cheirurina. Its members, as with other members of the suborder, had distinctive pygidia modified into finger-like spines. They first appeared in the uppermost Cambrian (upper Furongian), and persisted until the end of the Middle Devonian (Givetian). Currently about 657 species assigned to 99 genera are included. The subfamily Cheirurinae with 269 species in 38 genera occur from the Floian to the Givetian and are probably monophyletic. The 109 species in 15 genera of the Acanthoparyphinae are also probably monophyletic, and are known from the Floian to the Ludfordian. The"
"past been controversial, but as a result of DNA sequence studies, it is now regarded as belonging to family Plantaginaceae (the plantain family). In early taxonomic treatments the species was divided into a number of subspecific categories but more recent studies indicate no morphological or genetic basis for these taxonomic categories. This species has opposite, simple leaves, on stout, upright stems. The flowers are white, borne in late summer and early fall. It is the primary plant on which the Baltimore checkerspot butterfly will lay its eggs (although the butterfly to some extent will use a few other species). ""Chelone"
"Chevrotin Chevrotin is a soft goat's milk based cheese produced in the historical region of Savoy, (France). Since 2002 it has enjoyed an AOC designation. Chevrotin has been produced since the 17th century in the Alpine foothills of the Savoyard Chablais, Bauges and districts. The landscape presents difficulties to agriculture, with steep gradients, a damp climate and a thin limestone based soil that supports a restricted vegetation. The only domesticated animals that can feed here are goats: these are also able to move around with the same sure-footedness as the chamois who live nearer the mountain peaks. Chevrotin is made"
"appendages generate water currents that bring food items into reach for collection by setae. Other setae may be used to brush the filtering setae clean, and yet other setae may transport food items to the mouth. Barnacles have thoracic appendages modified for feeding, the cirri, which filter suspended food particles from water currents and pass the food to the mouth. Chelicerates comprise four classes of arthropod, with similar gross morphology but defining differences: Class Xiphosura (horseshoe crabs); class Eurypterida (the extinct eurypterids); class Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, ticks and mites); and class Pycnogonida (sea spiders). Chelicerates are in part defined by"
"for a goosefoot abundant in the region, probably the California goosefoot (""Blitum californicum""). The species of ""Chenopodium"" (s.str., description according to Fuentes et al. 2012) are annual or perennial herbs, shrubs or small trees. They are nonaromatic, but sometimes fetid. The young stems and leaves are often densely covered by vesicular globose hairs, thus looking farinose. Characteristically, these trichomes persist, collapsing later and becoming cup-shaped. The branched stems grow erect, ascending, prostrate or scrambling. Lateral branches are alternate (the lowermost ones can be nearly opposite). The alternate or opposite leaves are petiolate. Their thin or slightly fleshy leaf blade is"
"Phalium areola Phalium areola, common name the checkerboard bonnet, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the subfamily Cassinae, within the family Cassidae the helmet and bonnet shells. It is also known as the checkerboard bonnet shell. This species occurs in the Indian Ocean along Madagascar, the Mascarene Basin, Tanzania and off the southern African coast from KwaZulu-Natal and Mozambique. It can also be found in Melanesia and along Samoa. The size of an adult shell varies between 35 mm and 130 mm. These medium-sized shells are oval and acuminate, with a rather narrow mouth, the"
"reported to have penetrated toenails and soft leather shoes. The scissor chelicera is chelate and composed of two segments and occurs in the orders Pseudoscorpiones and Solifugae. This is the primitive condition and occurs in arachnids such as the Scorpiones and the Opiliones, as well as in non-arachnid Chelicerata such as the Xiphosura and Eurypterida. The chelifores of the Pycnogonida may be homologous to chelicerae. Chelicerae The chelicerae () are the mouthparts of the Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as ""jaws"", some chelicerae, such as those found in spiders, are"
"Chenopodium desiccatum Chenopodium desiccatum is a species of flowering plant in the goosefoot family known by the common names aridland goosefoot It is native to parts of western North America, including sections of the Western United States and southern Western Canada. It grows naturally in open land such as prairie and dunes, chaparral, adapts well to disturbed areas such as roadsides, and in montane habitats such as in the Transverse Ranges and Sierra Nevada of California. ""Chenopodium desiccatum"" is an annual herb producing an erect, branching stem up to about 35 centimeters in maximum height. It is powdery in texture,"
"Chelone (plant) Chelone is a genus of four species of perennial herbaceous plants native to eastern North America. They all have similarly shaped flowers (which led to the name turtlehead due to their resemblance to the head of a turtle), which vary in color from white to red, purple or pink. ""Chelone cuthbertii"", ""C. glabra"", and ""C. lyonii"" are diploid and ""C. obliqua"" is either tetraploid or hexaploid, depending on their slight differences in morphology and localities. The closest relative of ""Chelone"" is ""Nothochelone"" from western North America. ""Nothochelone nemerosa"" is the species most closely related to the genus ."
"Cneoridium Cneoridium is a monotypic genus in the citrus family which contains the single species Cneoridium dumosum, known by the common name bushrue. The ""Cneoridium dumosum"" is an evergreen shrub native to the coastal bluffs of southern California and Baja California. This highly branched shrub may exceed a meter in height and sprawl about as wide. Its twigs are covered in small linear green leaves and flowers in clusters of one to three. Each flower is just over a centimeter wide with four or five rounded white petals and eight yellow-anthered white stamens. The bunching fruits are round reddish-green berries"
"Cheloniellida Cheloniellida is an unranked taxon (usually referred to as a class or order) of extinct Paleozoic arthropods, currently (Dunlop & Selden, 1997; Dunlop, 2002) thought to be a member of the Arachnomorpha and related to the Chelicerata and the Trilobita, while not included in any of those. There are seven included genera, dating from Ordovician, Silurian and Devonian. ""Originally ""Cheloniellon"" was believed to be similar to trilobites (Broili 1932), though subsequent authors have suggested that it is related to trilobites and Cambrian “merostomoids” (Størmer 1944), that it is a late representative of a trilobitomorph group giving rise to Chelicerata"
"Chesterite Chesterite ((Mg,Fe)SiO(OH)) is a rare silicate mineral that can be compared to amphiboles, micas, and jimthompsonite. Chesterite is named after Chester, Vermont, where it was first described in 1977. The specific geologic setting within its origin is the Carleton talc quarry in Chester, Vermont. Chesterite has an orthorhombic crystal structure, which means it has three crystallographic axes of unequal length. All of the axes are perpendicular to each other. The stacking sequence for chesterite, which is found in micas, is very similar to orthopyroxenes and orthoamphiboles. Chesterite is an anisotropic mineral; therefore, it allows light to travel through it"