"hock, or knuckle, is the foot end of the joint, and contains more connective tissue and sinew. In Britain joints of cooked gammon are often served at Christmas or on Boxing Day. The word 'gammon' is derived from the Middle English word for 'ham', ""gambon"" attested since the early 15th century and itself derived from Old North French ""gambon"" ('ham'), itself derived from Old French ""jambon"" ('ham') which is identical to the modern French word for 'ham', ""jambon"". Old French ""jambon"" is attested since the 13th century and is derived from Old French ""jambe"" (""gambe"" in Old North French) which"
"Carboy A carboy (or carbuoy), demijohn, or jimmyjohn is a rigid container with a typical capacity of . Carboys are primarily used for transporting liquids, often water or chemicals. They are also used for in-home fermentation of beverages, often beer or wine. The word ""carboy"" is from the Persian ""qarābah"" (قرابه), from Arabic ""qarrāba"", ""big jug"". ""Demijohn"" originally referred to any glass vessel with a large body and small neck, enclosed in wickerwork. The word presumably comes from the French ""dame-jeanne"", literally ""Lady Jane"", as a popular appellation; this word is first attested in France in the 17th century. An"
"if a solution is placed in an incorrectly labeled carboy. Carboy A carboy (or carbuoy), demijohn, or jimmyjohn is a rigid container with a typical capacity of . Carboys are primarily used for transporting liquids, often water or chemicals. They are also used for in-home fermentation of beverages, often beer or wine. The word ""carboy"" is from the Persian ""qarābah"" (قرابه), from Arabic ""qarrāba"", ""big jug"". ""Demijohn"" originally referred to any glass vessel with a large body and small neck, enclosed in wickerwork. The word presumably comes from the French ""dame-jeanne"", literally ""Lady Jane"", as a popular appellation; this word"
"Jamón Jamón (, pl. ""jamones"") is the Spanish word for ham. In English it refers to certain types of dry-cured ham from Spain. There are two primary commercial labels for ""jamón"": ""jamón ibérico"" (ham from the Black Iberian pig), and ""jamón serrano"" (meaning ham from the ""sierra"" or mountain range), which includes most other varieties. ""Jamón"" production is similar to that of Portuguese ""presunto"" and to Italian ""prosciutto"" but it is typically cured for longer (up to 18 months). Regionally; in Spain ""jamón"" is also known as ""pernil"" (in Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia, and other areas of Eastern Spain), ""xamón"" (in"
"flavour. Jamón Jamón (, pl. ""jamones"") is the Spanish word for ham. In English it refers to certain types of dry-cured ham from Spain. There are two primary commercial labels for ""jamón"": ""jamón ibérico"" (ham from the Black Iberian pig), and ""jamón serrano"" (meaning ham from the ""sierra"" or mountain range), which includes most other varieties. ""Jamón"" production is similar to that of Portuguese ""presunto"" and to Italian ""prosciutto"" but it is typically cured for longer (up to 18 months). Regionally; in Spain ""jamón"" is also known as ""pernil"" (in Aragon, Catalonia, Valencia, and other areas of Eastern Spain), ""xamón"""
"Cromorne Cromorne is a French woodwind reed instrument of uncertain identity, used in the early Baroque period in French court music. The name is sometimes confused with the similar-sounding name crumhorn, a musical woodwind instrument probably of different design, called ""tournebout"" by French theorists in the 17th century (; ). By contrast, the crumhorn (also known by names including ""crum horn"", ""crumm horn"", ""Krummhorn"", ""Krummpfeife"", ""Kumbhorn"", ""cornamuto torto"", and ""piva torto"") is a capped double-reed instrument usually shaped like a letter ""J"" and possessing a rather small melodic range spanning a ninth (i.e. just over an octave) unless extended downward"
"is used by the French (and some other languages), borrowed ultimately English 'smoking jacket'. Yet the British use ""dinner jacket"" and Americans ""tuxedo"" (or the abbreviation ""tux""); ""smoking"" does not exist in English other than as a form of the verb ""to smoke"", and as the gerund ""smoking"", referring to the act of smoking something or giving off smoke. Another example is the French term for 'clapperboard' as used in motion picture production. They are either French constructions mimicking the English rules, or shifts of meaning affecting borrowed terms. Cameroon has substantial English- and French-speaking populations as a legacy of"
"alternative etymology derives it from the name of a Persian town, Damghan, but there is no evidence for this. Carboys come in various volumes ranging from . The term carboy itself usually refers to a carboy, unless otherwise noted. A carboy is usually called a jug. A carboy is usually called a demijohn (in the Philippines, ""dama juana""). In Britain, ""demijohn"" refers to a 4.5 litre (imperial gallon) glass brewing vessel. Containers of this type in the United States have no specific volume and are called ""jimmyjohns"". In brewing, a carboy or demijohn is a glass or plastic vessel used"
"Jambo! Jambo! (jam-bo!) is a Swahili greeting or salutation with an exclamation mark. It is similar in meaning to the English word ""Hello!"". Specifically, Jambo is a Swahili language class 5-6 word which are part of the ""collectives"" or dialogic actions among groups of people. Jambo primarily means 'affair.' The English word ""affair"" not used in the sexual connotation, but in the commercial, professional, public or personal business definition. Etymologically it is from amba (-amba) from to say, ultimately from etyl. It is a cognate with Zulu. Secondary meanings include as dealing with a thing, issue or matter. The spoken"
"Bouffon Bouffon (English originally from French: ""farceur"", ""comique"", ""Donovan"", ""jester"") is a modern French theater term that was re-coined in the early 1960s by Jacques Lecoq at his L'École Internationale de Théâtre Jacques Lecoq in Paris to describe a specific style of performance work that has a main focus in the art of mockery. The word gave rise to the English word buffoon. The word bouffon comes from a Latin verb: , to puff (i.e., to fill the cheeks with air); the word ""Buffo"" was used in the Theatre of ancient Rome by those who appeared on the stage with"
"Gammon (meat) Gammon is a British name for (a type of) ham. Like other hams, it is the hind leg of pork after it has been cured by dry-salting or brining, and it may or may not be smoked. Unlike most hams, but like bacon, it must be cooked before it is safe to eat. As such, it is the same as Swedish ""julskinka"", Finnish ""joulukinkku"", Dutch ""beenham"", German ""beinschinken"", or Australian ""Christmas ham"". It may be sold on-the-bone or without bone, or as steaks or slices. The words gammon, ham and bacon are often used interchangeably. Ham hock, gammon"
"meaning as ""donjon"". The proper original meaning of ""keep"" is still in use for academics, although in popular culture it has been largely misused and come to mean a cell or ""oubliette"". Though it is uncertain, both ""dungeon"" and ""donjon"" are thought to derive from the Middle Latin word ""dominio"", meaning ""lord"" or ""master"". In French, the term ""donjon"" still refers to a ""keep"", and the English term ""dungeon"" refers mostly to ""oubliette"" in French. ""Donjon"" is therefore a false friend to ""dungeon"" (although the game ""Dungeons & Dragons"" is titled ""Donjons et Dragons"" in its French editions). An oubliette"
"that pattern recognition, analogy, and fluid working hypotheses are fundamental to understand how humans tackle such problems. Jumbo is a program to solve jumbles, word puzzles consisting in five or six scrambled letters that need to be anagrammed to form an English word. The resulting word does not need to be a real one but just to a plausible, that is, to consists of a sequence of letters that is normal in English. The constituent elements of Jumbo are the following: A ""temperature"" is associated to the present state of the cytoplasm; it determines how probable it is that a"
"means ""jargon"" in French. It is supposed to have been derived either from the Breton words ""bara+gwin"" (bread+wine) or from ""Bourgondisch"" ('Burgundish', i.e. [the language] from Burgundy). Also the nicknames of former Dutch guilders were Bargoens: Bargoens Bargoens is a form of Dutch slang, more specifically, it is a cant language that arose in the 17th century, and was used by criminals, tramps and travelling salesmen as a secret code, like Spain's ""Germanía"" or French ""Argot"". However, the word ""Bargoens"" usually refers to the thieves' cant spoken in the latter half of the 19th century and the first half of"
"used in English, as a borrowed foreign word, with the ending -ree. The word Jamboree is a transitive verb with a direct action of the primary word Jambo. For example, an attendee of a Jambo is a Jamboree. The word ""Jamboree"" is used primarily by the Scouting program before the first Boy Scout ""Jamboree"" in 1920. The word has also come to mean ""a lavish or boisterous celebration or party"" outside of the Scouting program. Baden-Powell deliberately chose the name ""Jamboree"" where attendees were warmly welcomed attending this first Boy Scout rally or meeting with the word ""Jambo!"" Many, at"
"Tambourin The tambourin is a Provençal dance accompanied by lively duple meter music. It is so named because the music imitates a drum (""tambour"" being a generic French term for ""drum""), usually as a repetitive not-very-melodic figure in the bass. A small, two-headed drum of Arabic origin is also called the ""tambourin [de Provence]"" or ""tambour de Basque""; it is mentioned as early as the 1080s and noted as the ""tabor"" in the Chanson de Roland). This was played together with a small flute known as the galoubet or flaviol. Jean-Philippe Rameau included tambourins in many of his operas, such"
"British (babies wear ""nappies"", not ""diapers""; cars have ""bonnets"" and ""windscreens""; children study ""maths"", use ""rubbers"" to erase their mistakes and wish they were on ""holiday""), while newer phenomena are typically ""imported"" together with their American names. The American term ""trunk"" is almost universally used instead of the British term ""boot"" on cars, while the engine covering is always referred to by the British term ""bonnet"" (as elsewhere throughout the English-official Caribbean). This is probably because the American term, ""hood"", is used in Jamaica as a vulgar slang for penis (but not elsewhere in the Caribbean). Jamaican Standard English uses"
"Damson The damson () or damson plum (""Prunus domestica"" subsp. ""insititia"", or sometimes ""Prunus insititia""), also archaically called the ""damascene"" is an edible drupaceous fruit, a subspecies of the plum tree. Varieties of ""insititia"" are found across Europe, but the name ""damson"" is derived from and most commonly applied to forms which are native to Great Britain. Damsons are relatively small plum-like fruit with a distinctive, somewhat astringent taste, and are widely used for culinary purposes, particularly in fruit preserves or jam. In South and Southeast Asia, the term ""damson plum"" sometimes refers to jambul, the fruit from a tree"
"also shared with macaroni (Italian ). Prof. Jurafsky notes that French words ending with ""-on"" that were borrowed into English in the 16th and 17th centuries are usually spelled with ""-oon"" (for example: ""balloon"", ""cartoon"", ""platoon""). In the UK, many bakeries continue to use the term ""macaroon"". A typical macaron is presented with a ganache, buttercream or jam filling sandwiched between two such cookies, akin to a sandwich cookie. The confection is characterized by a smooth squared top, a ruffled circumference—referred to as the ""crown"" or ""foot"" (or ""pied"")—and a flat base. It is mildly moist and easily melts in"
"Jouissance In French, jouissance means enjoyment, in terms both of rights and property, and of sexual orgasm—the latter has a meaning partially lacking in the English word ""enjoyment"". Poststructuralism has developed the latter sense of ""jouissance"" in complex ways, so as to denote a transgressive, excessive kind of pleasure linked to the division and splitting of the subject involved. English editions of the works of Jacques Lacan have generally left ""jouissance"" untranslated in order to help convey its specialised usage. Lacan first developed his concept of an opposition between ""jouissance"" and the pleasure principle in his Seminar ""The Ethics of"
"Jabol Jabol () is a slang name for a kind of cheap Polish fruit wine that is made from fermented fruit and is bottled at 8% to 18% alcohol by volume. Its name, ""jabol,"" seems to be derived from ""jabłko"", the Polish word for ""apple,"" which it is often made from. Though it is usually fruit flavoured, it can come in other flavours such as chocolate or mint. It comes in a variety of containers and is sold under a variety of names. Apart from ""jabol"" or ""jabcok"", this beverage has amassed a variety of colourful slang names. Two that"
"in Harare), aka ""Jimmy"", is a retired Zimbabwean footballer (soccer player). The word jambo has found its way into different cultures and languages. For example, the word Jamboree (scouting). This is the Swahili word Jambo used in English, as a borrowed foreign word, with the ending -ree. The word Jamboree is a transitive verb with a direct action of the primary word Jambo. For example, an attendee of a Jambo is a Jamboree. The word ""Jamboree"" is used primarily by the Scouting program before the first Boy Scout ""Jamboree"" in 1920. The word has also come to mean ""a lavish"
"in the home of a sponsor, and to mark times of individual crisis or major life changes, such as a wedding or christening. The jumbie dance is said to induce spiritual possession and grant divination skills. Often, jumbie dances are intended to cure diseases, remove curses or discover the identity of a guilty party. There are generally three jumbie dancers in a unit, who perform accompanied by the ""babala"" (tambourine, or ""jumbie drum""), triangle, fife or ""pulley"" (accordion, concertina or melodeon), and most importantly the French reel (also ""jumbie drum"" or ""woowoo""), a skin drum that produces an ominous sound"
"Front"": Jam tomorrow Jam tomorrow or jam to-morrow (older spelling) is an expression for a never-fulfilled promise. It originates from Lewis Carroll's 1871 book ""Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There"". This is a pun on a mnemonic for the usage of the Latin word ""iam"" (formerly often written and pronounced ""jam""), which means ""at this time"", but only in the future or past tense, not in the present (which is instead ""nunc"" ""now""). In the book, the White Queen offers Alice ""jam every other day"" as an inducement to work for her: In more recent times, the"
"Jam tomorrow Jam tomorrow or jam to-morrow (older spelling) is an expression for a never-fulfilled promise. It originates from Lewis Carroll's 1871 book ""Through the Looking Glass and What Alice Found There"". This is a pun on a mnemonic for the usage of the Latin word ""iam"" (formerly often written and pronounced ""jam""), which means ""at this time"", but only in the future or past tense, not in the present (which is instead ""nunc"" ""now""). In the book, the White Queen offers Alice ""jam every other day"" as an inducement to work for her: In more recent times, the phrase"
"in turn is derived from the Late Latin ""gamba"", meaning 'leg/hock of a horse/animal', which can ultimately be traced to Greek ""kampe"" meaning 'a bending/a joint'. In some English dialects a similarly derived 'gamble' refers to a 'leg'. Gammon (meat) Gammon is a British name for (a type of) ham. Like other hams, it is the hind leg of pork after it has been cured by dry-salting or brining, and it may or may not be smoked. Unlike most hams, but like bacon, it must be cooked before it is safe to eat. As such, it is the same as"
"Jargoon Jargoon or jargon (occasionally in old writings jargounce and jacounce) is a name applied by gemologists to those zircons which are fine enough to be cut as gemstones, but are not of the red color which characterizes the ""hyacinth"" or jacinth. The word is related to Persian ""zargun"" (zircon;""zar-gun"", ""gold-like"" or ""as gold""). Some of the finest jargoons are green, others brown and yellow, whilst some are colorless. The colorless jargoon may be obtained by heating certain colored stones. When zircon is heated it sometimes changes in color, or altogether loses it, and at the same time usually increases"
"with an enhanced focus on wines, beers, spirits, soft-drinks, cocktails, mineral waters, and tobaccos. The modern word is French, deriving from Middle French where it referred to a court official charged with transportation of supplies. This use of the term dates to a period when pack animals would be used to transport supplies. The Middle French probably finds its origin in Old Provençal where a ""saumalier"" was a pack animal driver. ""Sauma"" referred to a pack animal or the load of a pack animal. In Late Latin, ""sagma"" referred to a packsaddle. Though 'sommelier' is a job title potentially anyone"
"(""pampelmuse""), Latvian (""pampelmūze""), Ido (""pompelmuso""), whereas some other languages use ""pomelo"" (Turkish, Norwegian, Polish, Bulgarian).In Southeast Asia, it is commonly known as limau besar, limau betawi, or limau serdadu in Malay; jeruk bali in Bahasa Indonesia; ส้มโอ [som o:] in Thai; lukban in Tagalog; and bu’o’i in Vietnamese. Another origin theory proposes that ""pomelo"" is an alteration of a compound of English names ""pomme"" (""apple"") + ""melon"".<ref name=""OED2008/06"">“pomelo, ""n.""” listed in the Oxford English Dictionary [Draft revision; June 2008]</ref> The fruit is also known as jabong in Hawaii and jambola in varieties of English spoken in South Asia. Typically, the"
"Barbotine Barbotine is the French for ceramic slip, or a mixture of clay and water used for moulding or decorating pottery. In English the term is used for two different techniques, though in both cases mainly for historical works. In the first, common from the Ancient World onwards, the barbotine is piped onto the object rather as cakes are decorated with icing, using a quill, horn, or other kind of nozzle. The slip would normally be in a contrasting colour to the rest of the vessel, and forms a pattern, or inscription, that is slightly raised above the main surface."
"and certain brands of juice, the most notable ones being those of the ruby-red variety. The English word ""carmine"" is derived from the French word ""carmin"" (12 c.), from Medieval Latin ""carminium"", from Arabic ""qirmiz"" (""crimson""), which itself derives from Middle Persian ""carmir"" (""red, crimson""). The Persian term ""carmir"" might come from Sanskrit ""krimiga"" (""insect-produced""), from ""krmi"" (""worm, insect"") (""kirm"" also means ""worm"" in Persian) The term may also be influenced in Latin by ""minium"" (""red lead, cinnabar""), said to be of Iberian origin. To prepare carmine, the powdered scale insect bodies are boiled in an ammonia or sodium carbonate"
"Festoon A festoon (from French ""feston"", Italian ""festone"", from a Late Latin ""festo"", originally a festal garland, Latin ""festum"", feast) is a wreath or garland hanging from two points, and in architecture typically a carved ornament depicting conventional arrangement of flowers, foliage or fruit bound together and suspended by ribbons. The motif is sometimes known as a swag when depicting fabric or linen. In modern English the verb forms, especially ""festooned with"", are often used very loosely or figuratively to mean having any type of fancy decoration or covering. Its origin is probably due to the representation in stone of"
"the meaning that predominates today, making ""jism"" a taboo word. Deepening the nexus among these words is the fact that ""spunk"" is also a slang term for semen and that ""spunk""—like jism/jasm—also means spirit, energy, or courage (for example: ""She showed a lot of spunk""). In the 19th and early 20th centuries, however, ""jism"" was still used in polite contexts. ""Jism"" or its variant ""jizz"" (which is not attested in the ""Historical Dictionary of American Slang"" until 1941) has also been suggested as a direct source for ""jazz"". A direct derivation from ""jism"" is phonologically unlikely. ""Jasm"" itself would be,"