"sacred spring at the Roman baths in Bath. Typically, the text on the tablets offered to Sulis relates to theft; for example, of small amounts of money or clothing from the bath-house. It is evident, from the localized style of Latin (""British Latin"") used, that a high proportion of the tablets came from the native population. In formulaic, often legalistic, language the tablets appeal to the deity, Sulis, to punish the known or unknown perpetrators of the crime until reparation be made. Sulis is typically requested to impair the physical and mental well-being of the perpetrator, by the denial of"
"crossing point of their road, they would have been attracted by the large natural hot spring which had been a shrine of the Celtic Brythons, dedicated to their goddess, Sulis. This spring is a natural mineral spring found in the valley of the Avon River in Southwest England, it is the only spring in Britain officially designated as hot. The name is Latin for ""the waters of Sulis."" The Romans identified the goddess with their goddess Minerva and encouraged her worship. The similarities between Minerva and Sulis helped the Celts adapt to Roman culture. The spring was built up into"
"Bath, Somerset Bath is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths. In 2011, the population was 88,859. Bath is in the valley of the River Avon, west of London and south-east of Bristol. The city became a World Heritage site in 1987. The city became a spa with the Latin name """" (""the waters of Sulis"") 60 AD when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. According to the Victorian churchman Edward Churton, during the Anglo-Saxon era"
"legend was given great prominence as a royal endorsement of the waters' qualities, with the embellishment that the spring had cured Bladud and his herd of pigs of leprosy through wallowing in the warm mud. The name Sulis continued to be used after the Roman invasion, leading to the town's Roman name of ""Aquae Sulis"" (""the waters of Sulis""). The temple was constructed in 60–70 AD and the bathing complex was gradually built up over the next 300 years. During the Roman occupation of Britain, and possibly on the instructions of Emperor Claudius, engineers drove oak piles to provide a"
"Aquae Flaviae Aquae Flaviae (or ""Aquæ Flaviæ"") is the ancient Roman city and former bishopric (now a Latin Catholic titular see) of Chaves, a municipality in the Portuguese district of Vila Real. The northwest peninsular region is an area of hot springs and Roman settlements linked to the exploitation of valuable natural resources. Aquae Flaviae was the principal ""municipium civitas"" in the northwest (from epigraphic findings) implanted in the Trás-os-Montes, on a small hill on the banks of the River Tâmega, in the Roman province of ""Gallaecia"". This was a fertile area, where hot springs abound, in addition to a"
"details of that founding remain obscure. Ptolemy suggests that it was founded in Turodi territory, a theory that has been strengthened by the existence of epigraphic evidence documenting the presence of Turodi. Aquae Flaviae Aquae Flaviae (or ""Aquæ Flaviæ"") is the ancient Roman city and former bishopric (now a Latin Catholic titular see) of Chaves, a municipality in the Portuguese district of Vila Real. The northwest peninsular region is an area of hot springs and Roman settlements linked to the exploitation of valuable natural resources. Aquae Flaviae was the principal ""municipium civitas"" in the northwest (from epigraphic findings) implanted in"
"Albulae Aquae Albulae Aquae (""The White Water"") is a group of springs located West of Tivoli in Italy. The springs' water is bluish, strongly impregnated with sulphur and carbonate of lime, and rises at a temperature of about . The remains of a Roman thermal establishment exist near the principal spring, the so-called Lago della Regina, which is continually diminishing in size owing to deposits left by the water. Dedicatory inscriptions in honour of the waters have been found at the site. It is mentioned briefly by many ancient authors, among them, Virgil, Vitruvius, Isidore of Seville, and Pliny the"
"is likely derived from Sal meaning ""salt"" and weorp which means ""to throw up"" i.e. ""the river which throws up salt"" which overflows from the salt brines. The town is situated on massive deposits of salt, and salt has been extracted there since ancient times. The natural Droitwich brine contains of salt – ten times stronger than sea water and rivalled only by the Dead Sea. During the Roman era the settlement was known as ""Salinae"" and was located at the crossroads of several Roman roads. Railway construction in 1847 revealed Roman mosaic pavements, and later excavations unearthed a Roman"
"impressive fountain, presumably fed by a still-functioning aqueduct. The place was under the control of a """". Luguvalium Luguvalium was a Roman town in northern Britain in antiquity. It was located within present-day Carlisle, Cumbria, and may have been the capital of the 4th-century province of Valentia. The Romans called the settlement at what is today Carlisle . This was originally thought to mean ""wall[ed town] of Lugus"" but has since been explained as a borrowed Brittonic placename reconstructed as *Luguwalion, meaning ""[city] of Luguwalos"", Luguwalos being a masculine Celtic given name meaning ""strength of Lugus"". The name apparently continued"
"river Sulm. The construction activity that followed resulted in an almost entirely new city of stone buildings, with a layout that approximated the ideal of a Roman provincial municipium: rectangular insulae (sized about 60 by 70 meters) within a grid of broad (ca. 6 m) gravel-paved streets. Some of the apartment houses in these blocks had hypocaust heating, similar to what is known from comparable Roman cities; however, Flavia Solva had neither an aqueduct nor canalization. The 80 x 35 m ellipsoid amphitheatre (apparently the only one in Noricum) consisted of wooden benches on stone foundations. The city was situated"
"fact."" Albulae Aquae Albulae Aquae (""The White Water"") is a group of springs located West of Tivoli in Italy. The springs' water is bluish, strongly impregnated with sulphur and carbonate of lime, and rises at a temperature of about . The remains of a Roman thermal establishment exist near the principal spring, the so-called Lago della Regina, which is continually diminishing in size owing to deposits left by the water. Dedicatory inscriptions in honour of the waters have been found at the site. It is mentioned briefly by many ancient authors, among them, Virgil, Vitruvius, Isidore of Seville, and Pliny"
"annexed to the Roman Empire (around 1st-2nd century B.C.). The municipality of present Alcácer became known as ""Urbs Imperatoria Salacia"" in honor of the sea god Neptune's wife, nymph Salacia, for its importance in the Iberian salt trade and the number of routes that crossed the area. Salatia suffered many of the problems that developed from the Roman ""urbes"" localized between Atlantic routes and Romanized northern Europe, and was made incrementally worse by Emperor Claudius's initiatives into England and Wales. These problems changed during the 3rd Century, when the port of Salatia was devalued, in favor of ""Olisipo"" (Lisbon). With"
"foci for healing cults: Sulis was prayed to as a healer at Aquae Sulis and the goddess Arnemetia was hailed as a healer at Aquae Arnemetiae. Nemausus, for example, was not only the Gallic name for the town of Nîmes but also that of its presiding spring-god. He had a set of three female counterparts, the Nemausicae. In the same region, the town of Glanum possessed a god called Glanis: an altar from a sacred spring is inscribed 'to Glanis and the Glanicae'. Meteorological patterns and phenomena, especially wind, rain and thunder, were acknowledged as inspirited and propitiated. Inscribed dedications"
"History of salt in Middlewich Middlewich, a town in northwest England, lies on the confluence of three rivers – the Dane, the Croco and the Wheelock. Most importantly for the history of salt making, it also lies on the site of a prehistoric brine spring. Following the Roman invasion, Middlewich was named ""Salinae"" on account of the salt deposits around it, as it was one of their major sites of salt production. During this time the Romans built a fort at Harbutts Field (SJ70216696), to the north of the town. including a well and part of a preserved Roman road."
"Cale and that the name derives from the Greek word """", 'beautiful', referring to the beauty of the Douro valley. Others have hypothesized that the word ""Cale"" came from the Latin word for 'warm' (""Portus Cale"" thus meaning 'warm port'). The Roman general Decimus Junius Brutus Callaicus conquered the region and founded the Roman city ""Portus Cale"" in around 136 BC. At the end of Brutus' campaigns, Rome controlled the territory between the Douro and Minho rivers plus probable extensions along the coast and in the interior. It was only under Augustus, however, at the end of the 1st century"
"houses, workshops, storehouses and cemeteries. The Roman city is mentioned in Robert Heinlein's novel ""Have Space Suit—Will Travel"". It also features in """" as the base of a fictional group of Roman families who stayed on after the evacuation by Rome of Britannia. The Roman City is the location for Semper Fidelus, a detective novel by Ruth Downie, part of her Medicus series. Eboracum also appears in the video game as a provincial capital. Eboracum Eboracum (Latin /ebo'rakum/, English or ) was a fort and city in the Roman province of Britannia. In its prime it was the largest town"
"Luguvalium Luguvalium was a Roman town in northern Britain in antiquity. It was located within present-day Carlisle, Cumbria, and may have been the capital of the 4th-century province of Valentia. The Romans called the settlement at what is today Carlisle . This was originally thought to mean ""wall[ed town] of Lugus"" but has since been explained as a borrowed Brittonic placename reconstructed as *Luguwalion, meaning ""[city] of Luguwalos"", Luguwalos being a masculine Celtic given name meaning ""strength of Lugus"". The name apparently continued in use among Brythonic speakers in the Hen Ogledd and Wales and it was during that time"
"the Romans in Britain and was one of the strongest British towns at the time. In the time of the emperor Nero, it was said to have burned down. The Roman settlement was named Luguvalium, based on a native name that has been reconstructed as Brittonic *Luguwaljon, ""[city] of Luguwalos"", a masculine Celtic given name meaning ""strength of Lugus"". Excavations undertaken along Annetwell Street in the 1970s dated the Roman timber fort constructed at the site of present Carlisle Castle to the winter of 73, protecting a strategic location overlooking the confluence of the Caldew and Eden rivers. This walled"
"a scheme of improvements on the A1 road have recorded thousands of additional artifacts from the Roman town. Cataractonium Cataractonium (Grid Ref:SE225992) was a fort and settlement in Roman Britain. The settlement evolved into Catterick, located in North Yorkshire, England. Cataractonium likely took its name form the Latin word ""cataracta"" (ultimately derived from Greek ""cataràcta"", καταρράκτης), meaning either ""waterfall"" or ""portcullis"". Some linguists have suggested that this was a misinterpretation of an original Brittonic placename meaning ""[place of] battle ramparts"". The name is attested as ""Cataractonium"" in two 2nd-century Vindolanda tablets. The British section of the 2nd-century Antonine Itinerary mentions"
"of the Britons"" precisely notes London in Old Welsh as ""Cair Lundem"" or ""Lundein"". The site guarded the Romans' bridgehead on the north bank of the Thames and a major road nexus. It centered on Cornhill and the River Walbrook, but expanded west to Ludgate Hill and east to Tower Hill. Just prior to the Roman conquest, the area had been contested by the Catuvellauni based to its west and the Trinovantes based to its east; it bordered the realm of the Cantiaci on the south bank of the Thames. The Roman city ultimately covered at least the area of"
"Traces of the original structure may be found at a number of sites in and around Naples. These include: It features prominently in the novel ""Pompeii"" by Robert Harris, whose protagonist is a water engineer (""Aquarius"") sent from Rome to maintain the aqueduct in AD 79 during the time around the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Aqua Augusta (Naples) The Aqua Augusta, or Serino Aqueduct (), was one of the largest, most complex and costliest aqueduct systems in the Roman world; it supplied water to at least eight ancient cities in the Bay of Naples including Pompeii and Herculaneum. This aqueduct"
"Sulloniacis Sulloniacis or Sulloniacae is the name of a place in Roman Britain which is known only from an entry in the Antonine Itinerary, a listing of routes and facilities for the cursus publicus, the official courier service of the Roman Empire. ""Iter"" (Itinerary) II of the British section runs between Richborough (Portus Ritupis) and Chester (Deva), and this shows Sulloniacis on the road now known as Watling Street, nine Roman miles from St Albans (Verulamium) and 12 from London. Sulloniacis is usually identified with Roman remains found at Brockley Hill near Edgware in the London Borough of Barnet. The"
"Eboracum Eboracum (Latin /ebo'rakum/, English or ) was a fort and city in the Roman province of Britannia. In its prime it was the largest town in northern Britain and a provincial capital. The site remained occupied after the decline of the Roman Empire and ultimately evolved into the present-day city York, occupying the same site in North Yorkshire, England. Two Roman emperors died in Eboracum: Septimius Severus in 211 AD, and Constantius Chlorus in 306 AD. The first known recorded mention of Eboracum by name is dated and is an address containing the genitive form of the settlement's name,"
"of Greater London, and who are mentioned by Julius Caesar in his account of his expeditions to Britain in 55 and 54 BC. In a later account of these expeditions by Orosius, they are referred to as ""civitas Trinovantum"", ""the nation of the Trinovantes"", with ""Trinovantum"" in this case being in the genitive plural. However, as ""civitas"" can also mean ""city"" and Latin neuter nouns often end in ""-um"" in the nominative singular, this phrase was misinterpreted by Geoffrey or his sources as ""the city Trinovantum"". In Roman times the city was known by the name Londinium, which appears to"
"in all probability those anciently known as the Aquae Labanae (the of Strabo, who describes them as situated in the neighbourhood of Eretum. Eretum Eretum (Greek: ), was an ancient town of the Sabines, situated on the Via Salaria, at its junction with the Via Nomentana, a short distance from the Tiber, and about from Rome. From the mention of its name by Virgil among the Sabine cities which joined in the war against Aeneas, we may presume that it was considered as an ancient town, and one of some importance in early times; but it never bears any prominent"
"Aquae Calidae, Algeria Aquae Calidae was a Roman colony of the Roman province of Mauretania Caesariensis. The Roman city has been identified with ruins at Hammam Righa in the wilaya of Chlef, Algeria, North Africa. The ruins are located at latitude 36.379474N, longitude 2.395618E near the railway town of Boumedfaâ, and is on the Oued Djer River. The Roman colony was founded by Augustus and flourished from 30BC to about 690 AD, passing through the Vandal Kingdom and Roman Empire into late antiquity. Emperor Augustus established there a colony of his veterans and the city started to grow soon in"
"in Germany. The Romans developed a settlement known as Aquae Arnemetiae (or the spa of the goddess of the grove). The discovery of coins indicates that the Romans were in Buxton throughout their occupation. The origins of the town's name are uncertain. It may be derived from the Old English for ""Buck Stone"" or for ""Rocking Stone"". The town grew in importance in the late 18th century when it was developed by the Dukes of Devonshire, with a resurgence a century later as the Victorians were drawn to the reputed healing properties of the waters. Built on the River Wye,"
"found in the UK. These natural geothermal mineral springs fed into the Roman Baths complex, which was responsible for the prominence of Bath in the Roman period, as well as for the later development of Bath as the country's leading eighteenth and early nineteenth century health resort. In the middle of the 20th century, the city's swimming pool sourced its water directly from the King's Spring through one of three pipelines beneath the River Avon. However, the old municipal hot pools were closed in 1978 after the discovery of an infectious organism in one stratum of the aquifer. After that"
"From there he leaves for Aquae Sulis, where Britannicus owns a villa. On the road to Aquae Sulis, Varrus encounters several bandits who attempt to murder him. He later, after another assassination attempt, finds out that these men had been hired by the Senecas. He finally arrives in Aquae Sulis and encounters Britannicus's brother-in-law Quintus Varo. Varo invites Varrus to his villa. At the villa, Varrus meets Caius Britannicus's sister Luceiia. Also while at the villa Varrus encounters a Welsh hunchback Cymric. Varrus demonstrates the African bow which his grandfather had left in his collection of weapons. Luceiia and Varrus"
"of further Roman activity Middlewich was a junction between seven major Roman roads, and it has been known as 'Medius Vicus' (the town at the junction of the roads) in the past. A number of Roman artefacts can be found in Middlewich library, including the following Roman Middlewich Middlewich was founded by the Romans as ""Salinae"" on account of the salt deposits around it, as it was one of their major sites of salt production. Middlewich lies across the King Street fault, which follows King Street and then continues roughly following Brooks Lane. Salinae is taken to be the Roman"
"still a gateway into much of England east of the Pennines. Eight major rivers can be accessed from the North Sea through the estuary: the Ouse, Hull, Derwent, Wharfe, Aire, Don, Trent and Ancholme. That is why eight river goddesses who are shown reclining on the great mosaic from nearby Brantingham Roman villa are sometimes interpreted as representing the practical importance of these English rivers in Roman times for transport and travel. The nearby villa at Brantingham, just outside Brough, was first discovered in 1941 and would have been closely associated with the Roman town until it burnt down some"
"the ancient city were to be seen near Volos, which has given the modern name to the bay. The acropolis occupied the summit of some rocky heights above Cape Angkístri, and at the foot of the rocks are many copious sources of water, of which Strabo speaks. But as these springs are rather saline to the taste, the city was provided in the Roman times with water from a distance by means of an aqueduct, the ruined piers of which are still a conspicuous object. The accepted site is in the modern village of Nees Pagasees in the municipality of"
"to 2,834 at the 2011 census. The town takes its English name from the River Usk – a name derived from an ancient Brythonic word for river which may also mean ""abounding in fish"". The name resembles that of many other rivers in Britain (e.g. Exe, Esk), and is related to Scottish Gaelic ""uisge"" or ""uisce"" in Irish Gaelic (""water""), and therefore to ""whisky"". The Welsh name ""Brynbuga"", (), was first recorded in the 15th century. The Roman legionary fortress of Burrium was founded on the site of Usk by the military commander Aulus Didius Gallus, around AD 55. He"