"Spanish Succession. The war had profited John and Sarah Churchill, and the Tory ministry sought to end it by withdrawing from all England's alliances and negotiating directly with France. Swift wrote ""The Conduct of the Allies,"" and Arbuthnot wrote a series of five pamphlets featuring John Bull. The first of these, ""Law Is a Bottomless Pit"" (1712), introduced a simple allegory to explain the war. John Bull (England) is suing Louis Baboon (i.e. Louis Bourbon, or Louis XIV of France) over the estate of the dead Lord Strutt (Charles II of Spain). Bull's lawyer is the one who really enjoys"
"the introduction of conscription in January 1916. The most common theme for recruitment posters was patriotism, which evolved into appeals for people to do their 'fair share'. Among the most famous of the posters used in the British Army recruitment campaigns of the war were the ""Lord Kitchener Wants You"" posters, which depicted Secretary of State for War Lord Kitchener above the words ""WANTS YOU"". Other concepts used on recruitment posters included the fear of invasion, and atrocity stories. The ""Remember Scarborough"" campaign, recalling the 1914 attack on Scarborough, is an example of a recruitment poster combining these ideas. James"
"a then eleven-year-old George Orwell, who may have used as it the basis for his description of the ""Big Brother"" posters in his novel ""1984"". It remains recognised and parodied in popular culture. In 1997 the British Army created a recruiting advertisement re-using Leete's image substituting Kitchener's face with that of a British Army non-commissioned officer of African descent. Leete's image of Kitchener is featured on a 2014 £2 coin produced by sculptor John Bergdahl for the Royal Mint. The coin was the first of a five-year series to commemorate the centennial of the war. Use of Leete's image of"
"with the campaign. He created his most famous work in 1917, a poster to encourage recruitment in the United States Army during World War I. It showed Uncle Sam pointing at the viewer (inspired by a British recruitment poster showing Lord Kitchener in a similar pose) with the caption ""I Want YOU for U.S. Army"". Over four million copies of the poster were printed during World War I, and it was revived for World War II. Flagg used his own face for that of Uncle Sam (adding age and the white goatee), he said later, simply to avoid the trouble"
"balloons encouraged shoppers to waste their money on useless purchases, accompanied by captions urging consumers to fight or starve the creature. The character eventually gained swastika tattoos and was even placed in Madame Tussauds wax museum alongside other war enemies such as Hitler and Mussolini. Boydell was mainly involved in developing the Squander Bug for press adverts, but the character was also adapted for use in poster campaigns with the same message. British wartime cartoonists such as David Low and Carl Giles also used the character, sometimes ironically. For example, Victor Weisz lampooned Hitler's manpower shortages by giving him his"
"own pair of squander bugs. The character developed an international reputation, and an adapted version was used in Australia, where the Squander Bug was given a Japanese appearance. A Squander Bug character was also created by Dr. Seuss to encourage Americans to buy war bonds, although the design was quite different from Boydell's version. Squander Bug The Squander Bug was a World War II propaganda character created by the British National Savings Committee to discourage wasteful spending. Originally designed by freelance illustrator Phillip Boydell for press adverts, the character was widely used by other wartime artists in poster campaigns and"
"Old Bill (comics) Old Bill is a fictional character created in 1914–15 by cartoonist Bruce Bairnsfather. Old Bill was depicted as an elderly, pipe-smoking British ""tommy"" with a walrus moustache. The character achieved a great deal of popularity during World War I where it was considered a major morale booster for the British troops. Old Bill and his younger troopmate little Alphie were private infantrymen in the British Expeditionary Force. Many claims have been put forth as being the model for ""Old Bill"" but the most likely appears to be Thomas Henry Rafferty, a lance corporal from Birmingham in Bairnsfather's"
"Graphic"" and ""The Red Magazine"", painted colour plates for editions of Charles Dickens' ""A Tale of Two Cities"" and R. M. Ballantyne's ""The Coral Island"", and illustrated a number of Ladybird Books. He also illustrated the book ""An Incurable Disease"" written under the pseudonym Roland Dunster by Lord Stevenson. During the First World War he painted propaganda posters for the Ministry of Munitions, and from the 1920s he worked in advertising, painting posters for Lifebuoy soap, Mars chocolate bars and Players cigarettes, among many other products. His art was probably most widely known through railway company posters such as one"
"by the Parliamentary Recruiting Committee of which two and a half million copies were distributed across the country. Private companies also sponsored recruitment posters: ""Remember Belgium"", by the Belgian-born Frank Brangwyn and ""The Only Road for an Englishman"" by Gerald Spencer Pryse were two notable examples produced on behalf of the London Electric Railways. Although Brangwyn produced over 80 poster designs during the War, he was not an official war artist. His grim poster of a Tommy bayoneting an enemy soldier (“Put Strength in the Final Blow: Buy War Bonds”) caused deep offence in both Britain and Germany. The Kaiser"
"""recruitment"" image of Uncle Sam was first created by James Montgomery Flagg during World War I. The image was inspired by a British recruitment poster showing Lord Kitchener in a similar pose. It is this image more than any other that has influenced the modern appearance of Uncle Sam: an elderly white man with white hair and a goatee, wearing a white top hat with white stars on a blue band, a blue tail coat, and red-and-white-striped trousers. Flagg's depiction of Uncle Sam was shown publicly for the first time, according to some, on the cover of the magazine ""Leslie's"
"the Second World War with Old Bill serving with British troops in France along with his son during the phony war period. Bill & Alphie's, the Royal Military College of Canada on-campus cadet pub in Kingston, Ontario is named after Bruce Bairnsfather's Great War cartoon characters. Yeo Hall at the Royal Military College of Canada features sculptures of Bill and Alphie. One of the explanations of the origin of the London slang term Old Bill, meaning the police, is that constables often used to sport ""Old Bill"" moustaches. A 1911 B-type London bus, one of 900 which served as troop"
"O'Flaherty V.C. O'Flaherty V.C., A Recruiting Pamphlet (1915) is a comic one-act play written during World War I by George Bernard Shaw. The plot is about an Irish soldier in the British army returning home after winning the Victoria Cross. The play was written at a time when the British government was attempting to promote recruitment in Ireland, while many Irish republicans expressed opposition to a war to defend the British Empire. Dennis O'Flaherty, winner of the Victoria Cross for his outstanding bravery, has returned home to his local village to take part in a recruitment campaign. In conversation with"
"Charles Livingston Bull Charles Livingston Bull (May, 1874 - 1932) was an American illustrator. Bull studied taxidermy in Rochester, New York and is known for his illustration of wildlife. Bull's first job at the age of 16 was preparing animals for mounting at the Ward's Museum in Rochester, New York. He later worked as a taxidermist in Washington, D.C specializing in anatomy of birds and animals. During World War I, he designed recruiting posters. A notable example is ""Join the Army Air Service. Be an American eagle!"" which featured an eagle fighting a black bird. Bull lived for many years"
"was depicted in Francis Bacon's 1969 oil painting, ""Three Studies of Lucian Freud"", which was sold for $142.4 million in November 2013, the highest price attained at auction to that point. Randolph Caldecott, Walter Crane, Kate Greenaway, John Tenniel, Aubrey Beardsley, Roger Hargreaves, Arthur Rackham, John Leech, George Cruikshank and Beatrix Potter were notable book illustrators. Posters have played a significant role in British culture. Designed by Alfred Leete in 1914 as a recruitment poster for the British Army, ""Lord Kitchener Wants You"" is the most famous British recruitment poster ever produced and an iconic and enduring image of World"
"Lord Kitchener Wants You Lord Kitchener Wants You is a 1914 advertisement by Alfred Leete which was developed into a recruitment poster. It depicted Lord Kitchener, the British Secretary of State for War, above the words ""WANTS YOU"". Kitchener, wearing the cap of a British Field Marshal, stares and points at the viewer calling them to enlist in the British Army against the Central Powers. The image is considered one of the most iconic and enduring images of World War I. A hugely influential image and slogan, it has also inspired imitations in other countries, from the United States to"
"West: ""What Fools These Mortals Be!: The Story of Puck; America's First And Most Influential Magazine of Color Political Cartoon"", IDW, San Diego 2004, .], Albert Levering, [[Frank Arthur Nankivell|Frank Nankivell]], [[J. S. Pughe]], [[Rose O'Neill]], Charles Taylor, [[James Albert Wales]] and [[Eugene Zimmerman]]. [[File:The Raven-Harrison&Blaine.jpg|thumb|right|280px|""The Raven""<br>An 1890 ""Puck"" cartoon depicts [[President of the United States|President]] [[Benjamin Harrison]] at his desk wearing his [[William Henry Harrison|grandfather]]'s hat which is too big for his head, suggesting that he is not fit for the presidency. Atop a bust of [[William Henry Harrison]], a raven with the head of Secretary of State [[James"
"Bruce Bairnsfather Captain (Charles) Bruce Bairnsfather (9 July 188729 September 1959) was a prominent British humorist and cartoonist. His best-known cartoon character is Old Bill. Bill and his pals Bert and Alf featured in Bairnsfather's weekly ""Fragments from France"" cartoons published weekly in ""The Bystander"" magazine during the First World War. The son of Jane (1860-1958) and Major Thomas Henry Bairnsfather (1859-1944) he was born into a military family in Murree, British India (now Pakistan), he spent his early life in India, but was brought to England in 1895 to be educated at the United Services College, Westward Ho!, then"
"Colonel Blimp Colonel Blimp is a British cartoon character by cartoonist David Low, first drawn for Lord Beaverbrook's London ""Evening Standard"" in April 1934. Blimp is pompous, irascible, jingoistic, and stereotypically British, identifiable by his walrus moustache and the interjection ""Gad, Sir!"". Low claimed that he developed the character after overhearing two military men in a Turkish bath declare that cavalry officers should be entitled to wear their spurs inside tanks. The character was named after the barrage balloon, which was known as a blimp. Blimp issues proclamations from the Turkish bath, wrapped in his towel and brandishing some mundane"
"""Stories of the Gods and Heroes"" by Sally Benson, ""Hurlbut's Story of the Bible"" (Revised edition), ""The Rainbow Book of Bible Stories"" by J. Harold Gwynne (1956), ""Life in the Ancient World"" by Bart Keith Winer (1961), and ""The Golden Library Book of Bible Stories"" by Jonathan Braddock. He drew several posters and covers for science fiction books and magazines that appeared in the 1960s and 1970s. He was also an illustrator of World War II era posters such as the recruiting poster: ""For Your Country's Sake Today, For Your Own Sake Tomorrow"" Steele Savage Harry Steele Savage (1898–1970) was"
"eye of William Randolph Hearst. Hearst was the publisher of ""New York World's"" rival magazine, the ""New York Journal"" and recruited Forsythe to work as a cartoonist. Here, Forsythe met fellow painter and cartoonist, Jimmy Swinnerton, with whom he became close friends with. He also met Norman Rockwell in 1914. During World War I, Forsythe was recruited by the Division of Pictorial Publicity, for whom he created a number of war propaganda posters, including his famous ""And They Thought We Couldn't Fight"" poster. This poster, which was created for the Victory Loan drive, features an American soldier, with a bandaged"
"reflecting on middle-class fashions and manners. His cartoons usually consisted of a single frame divided into a number of panels, for which he has been viewed as the father of British strip cartoon. During the World War I, Haselden established a popular reputation with his only truly sustained attempt at political caricature, the adventures of ""Big and Little Willie"", mocking Kaiser Wilhelm and his son, the Crown Prince. A compilation, ""The Sad Adventures of Big and Little Willie"", was published in 1915; the same year the first British tank prototype would be named ""Little Willie"". Haselden often lampooned social and"
"heavily on propaganda as a tool to justify war to the public eye. This propaganda was used to promote recruitment into the armed forces as well as to convince civilians that if they joined, their sacrifices would be rewarded. One of the most impressionable images of this First World War is the “Your Country Needs You” poster, a distinctive recruitment poster of Lord Kitchener (similar to the later Uncle Sam poster) pointing at his British audience, convincing them to join the war effort. Another message deeply embedded in national sentiment was one where the religious symbolism of St George was"
"The Draft Horse The Draft Horse is a Warner Bros. cartoon released in 1942, directed by Chuck Jones. Mel Blanc provided the voices. Robert Cannon is the animator, Tedd Pierce is the screenwriter and the music of this cartoon was done by Carl Stalling. The title is a pun on draft horse and the draft (conscription). A farm horse sees a poster that says the U.S. Army needs horses. The horse goes to the recruiting station and tries to volunteer, but is eventually rejected, labeled ""44-F"". Leaving the station dejected, he wanders into a wargames situation, and the flying bullets"
"Articles in the Weekly Despatch in August/September 1917 for the first time as Old Bill http://www.guide-books.co.uk/Bairnsfather.htm a picture history of Bairnsfather's work Bruce Bairnsfather Captain (Charles) Bruce Bairnsfather (9 July 188729 September 1959) was a prominent British humorist and cartoonist. His best-known cartoon character is Old Bill. Bill and his pals Bert and Alf featured in Bairnsfather's weekly ""Fragments from France"" cartoons published weekly in ""The Bystander"" magazine during the First World War. The son of Jane (1860-1958) and Major Thomas Henry Bairnsfather (1859-1944) he was born into a military family in Murree, British India (now Pakistan), he spent his"
"gets brushed<br> <br> ""You're in the Army Now""<br> Music by Isham Jones<br> Played during the eye test The Draft Horse The Draft Horse is a Warner Bros. cartoon released in 1942, directed by Chuck Jones. Mel Blanc provided the voices. Robert Cannon is the animator, Tedd Pierce is the screenwriter and the music of this cartoon was done by Carl Stalling. The title is a pun on draft horse and the draft (conscription). A farm horse sees a poster that says the U.S. Army needs horses. The horse goes to the recruiting station and tries to volunteer, but is eventually"
"General Jumbo was the inspiration of several other characters in British comics, including: General Jumbo General Jumbo (called Admiral Jumbo for a brief period in the early 1970s) was a British comic strip, published in the comics magazine ""The Beano"" and originally drawn by Paddy Brennan and, subsequently, by Sandy Calder. It debuted in 1953. Alfie ""Jumbo"" Johnson was a 12-year-old boy who served as ""general"" to a remote control model army, navy and air force created by scientist Professor Carter. He also appeared in Nutty and Buddy in the early 1980s. The Buddy version called him Jimmy instead of"
"in a Henry James novel. The 30-word recruiting poster was developed as Britons' collective hopes of the war being over by Christmas were dashed in January 1915 and volunteer enlistments fell. A 2013 book researched by James Taylor counters the popular belief that the Leete design was an influential recruitment tool during the war. He claims the original artwork was acquired by the Imperial War Museum in 1917 and catalogued as a poster in error. Though the image of Kitchener (Britain's most popular soldier) inspired several other poster designs, Taylor says he can find no evidence in photographs of the"
"component of the lightweight jungle ration used by some U.S. and Allied Forces in wartime operations before 1944. A 1939 ad campaign by cartoonist Walter Hoban continued his ""Jerry on the Job"" comic strip in ""Woman's Day"" magazine and daily newspaper comics pages. General Foods also marketed Grape-Nuts through a comics-style advertising campaign (a trailblazer in this regard) featuring a character named Little Alby, who gained inordinate strength after consuming a bowl of Grape-Nuts. During the 1940s, comic books from various companies featured one-page comic-strip ads starring ""Volto from Mars"", a finned red helmet-clad alien superhero visiting Earth, who like"
"a famous cartoon about this for the ""Evening Standard"" which appeared on 20 September 1939. It ridiculed the way in which the relationship of Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin had changed from bitter enmity to courteous cooperation. Arthur Szyk received recognition for his political cartoons during World War II. First lady Eleanor Roosevelt called him a ""one-man army."" Adolf Hitler even put a price on his head. Dr. Seuss worked in an animation department of the U.S. Army, where he drew more than 400 political cartoons He published many political cartoons against Hitler and Mussolini, as well as Americans who"
"of the 50s, 60s, 70s and 80s. The list of authors includes Ray Bradbury, Isaac Asimov, Alfred Hitchcock, Guy de Maupassant, Jimmy Sangster, Richard Matheson, Ursula Le Guin, Jack Kerouac, Jules Verne, Edgar Rice Burroughs, Robert Heinlein, H. G. Wells, Robert Rankin, Craig Shaw Gardner, Stephen Briggs, Ron Goulart, Brian Aldiss as well as Terry Pratchett. In the 70s, Kirby returned to film poster art for publicity agency FEREF. Working alongside designer Eddie Paul, Kirby depicted the characters for Star Wars: ""Return of the Jedi;"" films ""The Beastmaster"" and ""Krull"", among many others. When the market for poster illustration dried"
"nuts, and a war of wits naturally ensues. Private Pluto Private Pluto is a cartoon made by Walt Disney Productions in 1943. In this cartoon Pluto is in the army and he gets antagonized by two chipmunks, later known as Chip 'n' Dale, in their first appearance. This short showcases Pluto as a soldier. Pluto is a guard dog on a military base. He's told there are saboteurs, and is assigned to guard a pill-box (gun emplacement). First, Pluto tries to follow marching orders, contorting himself into quite a mess. Then, he engages in hijinks with two chipmunks who are"
"him. John Tenniel Sir John Tenniel (28 February 1820 – 25 February 1914) was an English illustrator, graphic humorist, and political cartoonist prominent in the second half of the 19th century. He was knighted for his artistic achievements in 1893. Tenniel is remembered especially as the principal political cartoonist for ""Punch"" magazine for over 50 years, and for his illustrations to Lewis Carroll's ""Alice's Adventures in Wonderland"" (1865) and ""Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There"" (1871). Tenniel was born in Bayswater, West London, to John Baptist Tenniel, a fencing and dancing master of Huguenot descent, and Eliza Maria"
"head, celebrating his victory over the Germans and carrying a German helmet as souvenir. This poster was thought to be intended to silence the Germans who claimed that the American soldiers were weak. After World War I, Forsythe continued to work as a cartoonist. In 1918, he created his most famous cartoon, ""Joe's Car"" (later distributed by United Feature Syndicate), which was a comic about a man obsessed with his car. Joe was depicted as a balding, agitated, everyman with an overbearing wife which made the cartoon relatable to the public and made Forsythe successful. In 1928, Forsythe renamed the"