"Persicaria odorata Persicaria odorata, known as rau răm or Vietnamese coriander, is an herb whose leaves are used in Southeast Asian cooking. Other names for this herb include Vietnamese mint, Vietnamese cilantro, Cambodian mint, hot mint, laksa leaf, and praew leaf. Vietnamese coriander is not related to the mints, nor is it in the mint family Lamiaceae, but its general appearance and fragrance are reminiscent of them. ""Persicaria"" is in the family Polygonaceae, collectively known as ""smartweeds"" or ""pinkweeds"". Above all, the leaf is identified with Vietnamese cuisine, where it is commonly eaten fresh in salads (including chicken salad) and"
"fresh leaves and the dried seeds are the parts most traditionally used in cooking. Coriander is used in cuisines throughout the world. The leaves are variously referred to as coriander leaves, fresh coriander, dhania, Chinese parsley, or (in the US and commercially in Canada) cilantro. Coriander potentially may be confused with culantro (""Eryngium foetidum"" L.), an Apiaceae like coriander (""Coriandrum sativum"" L.), but from a different genus. Culantro has a distinctly different spiny appearance, a more potent volatile leaf oil and a stronger aroma. The leaves have a different taste from the seeds, with citrus overtones. The fresh leaves are"
"Coriander Coriander (; ""Coriandrum sativum""), also known as cilantro () or Chinese parsley, is an annual herb in the family Apiaceae. All parts of the plant are edible, but the fresh leaves and the dried seeds are the parts most traditionally used in cooking. Most people perceive the taste of coriander leaves as a tart, lemon/lime taste, but a smaller group, of about 4–14% of people tested, think the leaves taste like bath soap, as linked to a gene which detects aldehyde chemicals also present in soap. Coriander is native to regions spanning from southern Europe and northern Africa to"
"The word ""malabathrum"" is the Hellenization of the Sanskrit word ""tamālapattram"" (तमालपत्त्रम्), literally meaning ""dark-tree leaves"", with the ""ta"" being mistaken for the Greek definite article. Malabathrum Malabathrum, malabathron, or malobathrum is the name used in classical and medieval texts for certain cinnamon-like aromatic plant leaves and an ointment prepared from those leaves. ""Cinnamomum tamala"" (sometimes given as ""Cinnamomum tejpata""), grown most commonly in the eastern Himalayas, is thought to be a notable source of these leaves, although other species of ""Cinnamomum"" and even plants in other genera may have been used. In ancient Greece and Rome, the leaves were"
"Malabathrum Malabathrum, malabathron, or malobathrum is the name used in classical and medieval texts for certain cinnamon-like aromatic plant leaves and an ointment prepared from those leaves. ""Cinnamomum tamala"" (sometimes given as ""Cinnamomum tejpata""), grown most commonly in the eastern Himalayas, is thought to be a notable source of these leaves, although other species of ""Cinnamomum"" and even plants in other genera may have been used. In ancient Greece and Rome, the leaves were used to prepare a fragrant oil, called ""oleum malabathri"", and were therefore valuable. Malabathrum is mentioned in the first century Greek text ""Periplus Maris Erytraei"" and"
"Dichrostachys cinerea Dichrostachys cinerea, known as sicklebush, Bell mimosa, Chinese lantern tree or Kalahari Christmas tree (South Africa), is a legume of the genus ""Dichrostachys"" in the Fabaceae family. Other common names include acacia Saint Domingue (French), el marabú (Cuba), "" Mpangara"" (Shona), Kalahari-Weihnachtsbaum (German of former South West Africa), kéké or mimosa clochette (Réunion). The generic name ""Dichrostachys"" means 'two-colored spike', referring to its two-colored inflorescence, from the Ancient Greek ""δί-"" (""di-"", 'twice'), ""χροός"" (""khroos"", 'color'), and ""στάχυς"" (""stakhus"", 'ear of grain'). The specific name ""cinerea"" refers to the greyish hairs of the typical subspecies, from the Latin ""cinereus"""
"Cymbopogon Cymbopogon, better known as lemongrass, is a genus of Asian, African, Australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family. Some species (particularly ""Cymbopogon citratus"") are commonly cultivated as culinary and medicinal herbs because of their scent, resembling that of lemons (""Citrus limon""). Common names include lemon grass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, citronella grass, cha de Dartigalongue, fever grass, tanglad, hierba Luisa, or gavati chahapati, amongst many others. Lemongrass is widely used as a culinary herb in Asian cuisines and also as a medicinal herb in India. It has a subtle citrus flavor and can be dried and"
"regarded a threat to agricultural production and is listed on the Global Invasive Species Database. Dichrostachys cinerea Dichrostachys cinerea, known as sicklebush, Bell mimosa, Chinese lantern tree or Kalahari Christmas tree (South Africa), is a legume of the genus ""Dichrostachys"" in the Fabaceae family. Other common names include acacia Saint Domingue (French), el marabú (Cuba), "" Mpangara"" (Shona), Kalahari-Weihnachtsbaum (German of former South West Africa), kéké or mimosa clochette (Réunion). The generic name ""Dichrostachys"" means 'two-colored spike', referring to its two-colored inflorescence, from the Ancient Greek ""δί-"" (""di-"", 'twice'), ""χροός"" (""khroos"", 'color'), and ""στάχυς"" (""stakhus"", 'ear of grain'). The specific"
"are broadly ovoid or globular, and covered with sericeous scales. Bark is yellowish-brown with irregular vertical splits. Branches are light brown, cylindrical, and glabrous. The inner bark of several species is used to make the spice, cinnamon. Other notable species are ""C. tamala"", used as the herb malabathrum (also called"" tejpat"" and Indian bay leaf), and ""C. camphora"", from which camphor is produced. Cinnamomum Cinnamomum is a genus of evergreen aromatic trees and shrubs belonging to the laurel family, Lauraceae. The species of ""Cinnamomum"" have aromatic oils in their leaves and bark. The genus contains over 300 species, distributed in"
"and other places, growing at an altitude of 420 meters to 1,500 meters in area, often grown in wet slopes and valleys of the forest shade. It has not yet been cultivated by artificial introduction. ""Nine-knotted flower,"" ""bone-knitted lotus."" Sarcandra glabra ""Sarcandra glabra"" is an herb native to Southeast Asia. It is also known as herba sarcandrae or glabrous sarcandra herb. Aromatic oils may be extracted from the leaves. The entire plant has anti-stress, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying, blood activating, and anti-bacterial effects. Leaf blade elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 6–17 × 2–6 cm, leathery, margin sharply coarsely-serrate. Stamen baculate to terete; thecae"
"as antifungal properties (though ""Cymbopogon martinii"" was found to be more effective in that study). Citronellol is an essential oil constituent from ""Cymbopogon citratus"", ""Cymbopogon winterianus"", and ""Lippia alba"". Citronellol has been shown to lower blood pressure in rats by a direct effect on the vascular smooth muscle leading to vasodilation. In a small, randomized, controlled trial, an infusion made from ""C. citratus"" was used as an inexpensive remedy for the treatment of oral thrush in HIV/AIDS patients. Lemon grass oil contains 65-85% citral in addition to myrcene, citronella, citronellol, and geraniol. Hydrosteam distillation, condensation, and cooling can be used"
"Celastrus paniculatus Celastrus paniculatus is a woody liana commonly known as black oil plant, climbing staff tree, and intellect tree (Sanskrit: ""jyotishmati"" ज्योतीष्मती, Hindi: ""mal-kangani"" माल-कांगनी, Chinese: ""deng you teng"" 灯油藤). This climbing shrub grows throughout India at elevations up to . ""C. paniculatus"" is a deciduous vine with stems up to in diameter and long with rough, pale brown exfoliating bark covered densely with small, elongated lenticles. The leaves are simple, broad, and oval, obovate or elliptic in shape, with toothed margins. Oil from the seeds is used as a traditional medicine in Indian Unani and Ayurvedic medicine. ""Celastrus"
"Cymbopogon citratus Cymbopogon citratus, commonly known as lemon grass or oil grass, is a tropical plant from South Asia and introduced to Southeast Asia. ""Cymbopogon citratus"" is often sold in stem form. While it can be grown in warmer temperate regions, such as the UK, it is not hardy to frost. ""Cymbopogon citratus"" is abundant in the Philippines and Indonesia where it is known as ""tanglad"" or ""sereh"". Its fragrant leaves are traditionally used in cooking, particularly for ""lechon"" and roasted chicken. The dried leaves can also be brewed into a tea, either alone or as a flavoring in other"
"Citrumelo Citrumelo or Citromelo (""X Citroncirus"" spp.) is also called ""Swingle citrumelo trifoliate hybrid"", because it is a cold hardy citrus hybrid between a 'Duncan' grapefruit and a trifoliate orange (""Poncirus trifoliata"" (L.) Raf.), developed by Walter Tennyson Swingle. Citrumelo is widely employed as a citrus rootstock, being resistant to the severe citrus tristeza virus and to the Phytophthora foot rot as well as to blight, cold, and citrus nematode. It produces yellow fruit which taste (if added sugar) and smell like an ordinary grapefruit. The trees are very hardy and can survive temperatures as low as 30s (Fahrenheit). Trifoliate"
"Cinnamomum tamala Cinnamomum tamala, Indian bay leaf'"", also known as ತಮಾಲ ""(Tamaala) in Kannada(ಕನ್ನಡ), ""மரப்பட்டை இலை (Pattai Illai) in தமிழ்(Tamizh), tejpat, tejapatta"", Malabar leaf, Indian bark, Indian cassia, or malabathrum, is a tree in the Lauraceae family that is native to India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. It can grow up to tall. Its leaves have a clove-like aroma with a hint of peppery taste, they are used for culinary and medicinal purposes. It is thought to have been one of the major sources of the medicinal plant leaves known in classic and medieval times as malabathrum (or malobathrum). The"
"""kaffir lime"" to ""makrut lime"", a name less well established in English, while in South Africa it's usually simply referred to as ""Thai lime"". ""Citrus hystrix"" is a thorny bush, tall, with aromatic and distinctively shaped ""double"" leaves. These hourglass-shaped leaves comprise the leaf blade plus a flattened, leaf-like stalk (or petiole). The fruit is rough and green, and ripens to yellow; it is distinguished by its bumpy exterior and its small size, approximately wide. The leaves are the most frequently used part of the plant, fresh, dried, or frozen. The leaves are widely used in Thai and Lao cuisine"
"Celastrus Celastrus, commonly known as staff vine, staff tree or bittersweet, is a genus in the Celastraceae family which comprises about 30-40 species of shrubs and vines. They have a wide distribution in East Asia, Australasia, Africa, and the Americas. The leaves are alternate and simple, ovoid, and typically long. The flowers are small, white, pink or greenish, and borne in long panicles; the fruit is a three-valved berry. In North America, they are known as bittersweet, presumably a result of confusion with the unrelated bittersweet (""Solanum dulcamara"") by early colonists. ""C. orbiculatus"" is a serious invasive weed in much"
"Sarcandra glabra ""Sarcandra glabra"" is an herb native to Southeast Asia. It is also known as herba sarcandrae or glabrous sarcandra herb. Aromatic oils may be extracted from the leaves. The entire plant has anti-stress, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, detoxifying, blood activating, and anti-bacterial effects. Leaf blade elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 6–17 × 2–6 cm, leathery, margin sharply coarsely-serrate. Stamen baculate to terete; thecae shorter than connective. Stigma subcapitate. Fruit globose or ovoid, 3–4 mm in diam. Distributed in Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Cambodia, Malaysia, India, Japan, Korea, the Philippines and mainland China, Jiangxi, Anhui, Fujian, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Zhejiang"
"Hydnocarpus wightianus Hydnocarpus wightianus or chaulmoogra is a tree in the Achariaceae family. Hydnocarpus wightiana seed oil has been widely used in Indian medicine and Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of leprosy. It entered early Western medicine in the nineteenth century before the era of sulfonamides and other antibiotics for the treatment of several skin diseases and leprosy. The oil was prescribed for leprosy as a mixture suspended in gum or as an emulsion. Common name: Jangli almond In India: It grows in tropical forests along western Ghats, along the coast from Maharashtra to Kerala, Assam, Tripura, often planted"
"Glycyrrhiza uralensis Glycyrrhiza uralensis, also known as Chinese liquorice, is a flowering plant native to Asia. It is used as a sweetener and in traditional Chinese medicine. Liquorice root, or 'radix glycyrrhizae', is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has the name ""gancao"" (""kan-tsao""; , pinyin: gāncǎo). It is usually collected in spring and autumn, when it is removed from the rootlet and dried in the sun. Liquorice root is most commonly produced in the Shanxi, Gansu and Xinjiang regions of China. As well as traditional Chinese medicine, liquorice root is used in"
"""Botanical Magazine 108: pl. 6605"", in 1882. (February 1, 1882) Zephyranthes citrina Zephyranthes citrina, is a species of bulbous plant belong to the family Amaryllidaceae, native to Mexico. It is a bulbous plant with green leaves dull 4 mm wide. The upright flowers with lemon yellow color, funnel-shaped from 3.1 to 5 cm, green tube. The number chromosome is 2n = 48. It grows luxuriantly in natural grasslands and gardens in the month of July after rain. On blooming, it makes the gardens yellowish in waterlogged plains of Punjab. Commonly, it is known as the citron zephyrlily or yellow rain"
"Cinnamomum malabatrum Cinnamomum malabatrum, wild cinnamon, country cinnamon also known as Malabathrum, is a tree in the Lauraceae family that is endemic to Western Ghats of India. It can grow up to tall. It has aromatic leaves that are used for culinary and medicinal purposes. It is thought to have been one of the major sources of the medicinal plant leaves known in classic and medieval times as malabathrum (or malobathrum). The bark is sometimes used for cooking, although it is regarded as inferior to true cinnamon or cassia. Thorough macroscopic and microscopic investigations revealed that ""Cinnamomum malabatrum"" is mixed"
"Cyananthus Cyananthus is a genus that consists of about 30 species of annual or mostly perennial herbs from high mountains of Central and East Asia. They are little Himalayan plants not higher than 4in. The name comes from the ""Greek"" for blue flowers. Leaves are usually small and simple, sometimes narrowing to base, tooth-lobed at summit. In August to September, the plants bear showy of bright purplish-blue, yellow or white, funnel to bell-shaped, 5-lobed flowers 1in in diameter with stamens free from the corolla and hairy throat. The flowers are borne singly on stalks. They always lose the aerial parts"
"Citronella mucronata Citronella mucronata, the huillipatagua () or Chilean citronella tree, is an evergreen tree native to Chile, it occurs from 30 to 41° South latitude. In Chile, the tree grows from 500 to 2000 meters above sea-level in low altitude interior valleys and coastal mountains. It reaches up to 10 m (30 ft) and 1 m (3 ft) in diameter. The bark is dark gray and rough. The leaves are alternate, leathery, the edge is entire or toothed, ovate or oblong with an acute apex (tip) which ends in a mucro (sharp point). The leaves are about 4,5-6 long"
"and χόνδρος (""chondros""), meaning ""grain"". It refers to the fruits. Some ""Dichondra"" species are cultivated as ornamental plants, with cultivar selections also available. ""Dichondra micrantha"" is used as a groundcover. ""Dichondra argentea"" is a light silver leaved accent plant. The ""Dichondra argentea"" 'Silver Falls' cultivar is often used for trailing over the rims of potted plants, and has lower water needs. ""Dichondra micrantha"" was very popular in Southern California in the 1950s and 1960s as a grass substitute for lawns. Each leaf consists of a stem with a nearly circular or kidney-shaped horizontal leaf top, between 8–25 mm in diameter"
"family of flowering plants, native to swampy habitats along the West African coast. Once the pod is open and the seeds are revealed, the reason for this spice's common English name becomes apparent as the seeds have a papery skin enclosing them and the bumps of the seeds within this skin is reminiscent of an alligator's back. As mbongo spice, the seeds of alligator pepper are often sold as the grains isolated from the pod and with the outer skin removed. Mbongo spice is most commonly either ""A. danielli"" or ""A. citratum"", and has a more floral aroma than ""A."
"proved effective at killing mosquitoes, with a 24-hour LD of 12.5 µg/mL, and 50% mortality at 6.25 µg/mL. The mixture of spilanthol isomers produced a 66% weight reduction of corn earworm larvae at 250 µg/mL after 6 days. Spilanthol is extracted from the flowers, leaves and stem from jambu. Acmella oleracea Acmella oleracea is a species of flowering herb in the family Asteraceae. Common names include toothache plant, paracress, Sichuan buttons, buzz buttons, tingflowers and electric daisy. In Brazil it is called jambu. In Maharashtra it is called अक्कलकाढा. Its native distribution is unclear, but it is likely derived from"
"during the coldest months, and as spring begins, stems and leaves quickly start to reproduce. Cyananthus Cyananthus is a genus that consists of about 30 species of annual or mostly perennial herbs from high mountains of Central and East Asia. They are little Himalayan plants not higher than 4in. The name comes from the ""Greek"" for blue flowers. Leaves are usually small and simple, sometimes narrowing to base, tooth-lobed at summit. In August to September, the plants bear showy of bright purplish-blue, yellow or white, funnel to bell-shaped, 5-lobed flowers 1in in diameter with stamens free from the corolla and"
"Pelargonium 'citrosum' Pelargonium 'citrosum' (often sold by the invalid binomial name Pelargonium citrosum) is a perennial subshrub with fragrant leaves that are reminiscent of citronella. ""Pelargonium"" 'citrosum' is marketed as ""mosquito plant"" or ""citrosa geranium"" in stores in the United States and Canada, even though research from the University of Guelph indicates the plant is ineffective against ""Aedes aegypti"" mosquitos. ""Not only was the plant ineffective at protecting humans against Aedes mosquito bites, the mosquitoes were seen landing and resting on the citrosa plant on a regular basis."" It is claimed that ""Pelargonium"" 'Citriodorum' may be a genetic bonding of"
"the African geranium with genes from cymbopogon grass, but that claim has also been proven false. The plant appears to be a cultivar of ""Pelargonium graveolens"". The citronella geranium is not to be confused with others that are also called ""mosquito plant"", nor with the group of plants also known as citronella grass, or with ""Citronella mucronata"" (Chilean Citronella). ""Pelargonium"" 'citrosum' is hardy to USDA Zone 10-11. Pelargonium 'citrosum' Pelargonium 'citrosum' (often sold by the invalid binomial name Pelargonium citrosum) is a perennial subshrub with fragrant leaves that are reminiscent of citronella. ""Pelargonium"" 'citrosum' is marketed as ""mosquito plant"" or"
"Leptosiphon bolanderi Leptosiphon bolanderi (syn. ""Linanthus bolanderi"") is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common name Bolander's linanthus. The plant is native to the West Coast of the United States, from in elevation. In California it is native to the Sierra Nevada and Northern California Coast Ranges, in chaparral, oak woodland, and Yellow pine forest habitats. ""Leptosiphon bolanderi"" is an annual herb producing a hairy, threadlike stem no more than about 20 centimeters tall. The oppositely arranged leaves are each divided into very narrow needlelike lobes just a few millimeters long. The tip of"
"The fruit is a sticky, three-lobed capsule about half a centimeter long. Fruits do not have horns, as do some other members of this genus. Ceanothus leucodermis Ceanothus leucodermis, with the common name chaparral whitethorn or chaparral white thorn, is a species of shrub in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. This ""Ceanothus"" is an importance browse for several types of ungulate, such as the mule deer and bighorn sheep, who prefer the new growth and shoots to the older, spiny parts. It is native to California and Baja California, where it grows in coastal and inland mountain habitat, such as chaparral,"
"rhabarbarum (garden rhubarb), Zingiber officinale, Angustifolia odorata, Gentiana, Meum athamanticum (spignel), Valeriana, Corydalis cava (hollowroot), glycyrrhiza Stems and barks: Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Cinnamomum aromaticum (cassia) Leaves: Teucrium scordium (water germander), Fraxinus excelsior, Clinopodium calamintha (lesser calamint), Marrubium vulgare (white or common horehound), Cymbopogon citratus (West-Indian lemongrass), Teucrium chamaedrys (wall germander), Cupressasae, Laurus nobilis (bay laurel), Polium montanum, Cytinus hypocistis Flowers: Rosa, Crocus sativus, Lavandula stoechas (French lavender), Lavandula angustifolia (common or English lavender), Centaurea minoris Fruits and seeds: Brassica napus (rapeseed), Petroselinum (parsley), Nigella sativa, Pimpinella anisum (anise), Elettaria cardamomum, Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort), seseli, thlaspi,"