"economic reforms: a new local government and administration division of Poland, reform of the pension system, reform of the educational system, and reform of the medical care system. AWS was defeated in the Polish parliamentary election, 2001. Buzek resigned as the chairman of AWS Social Movement, and was replaced by Mieczysław Janowski. On 13 June 2004, in the European Parliament election, 2004, Jerzy Buzek was elected a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from the Silesian Voivodeship, basing his candidacy only on the popularity of his name and on direct contact with the voters. He received a record number of"
"civic rather than ethnic terms. Article 35 guaranteed the rights of national and ethnic minorities, while other provisions prohibited discrimination and political organisations that spread racial hatred. In 1997 parliamentary elections two parties with roots in the Solidarity movement — Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS) and the Freedom Union (UW) — won 261 of the 460 seats in the Sejm and formed a coalition government. Jerzy Buzek of the AWS became Prime Minister. The AWS and the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) held the majority of the seats in the Sejm. Marian Krzaklewski was the leader of the AWS, and Leszek Miller"
"elections. SLD leader Aleksander Kwaśniewski defeated Wałęsa by a narrow margin—51.7% to 48.3%. In 1997 parliamentary elections two parties with roots in the Solidarity movement – Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS) and the Freedom Union (UW) – won 261 of the 460 seats in the Sejm and formed a coalition government. Jerzy Buzek of the AWS became Prime Minister. The AWS and the Democratic Left Allianc (SLD) held the majority of the seats in the Sejm. Marian Krzaklewski was the leader of the AWS, and Leszek Miller led the SLD. In June 2000, UW withdrew from the governing coalition, leaving AWS"
"approved by a national referendum on 25 May 1997, and came into effect on 17 October 1997. It guarantees a multi-party state, the freedoms of religion, speech and assembly, and specifically casts off many Communist ideals to create a 'free market economic system'. It requires public officials to pursue ecologically sound public policy and acknowledges the inviolability of the home, the right to form trade unions, and to strike, whilst at the same time prohibiting the practices of forced medical experimentation, torture and corporal punishment. In recent years, Poland has extended its responsibilities and position in European and international affairs,"
"ever, becoming the first person from the former Eastern Bloc and the first former Prime Minister since Pierre Pflimlin to gain that position. He succeeded the German Christian Democrat MEP, Hans-Gert Pöttering. He pledged to make human rights and the promotion of the Eastern partnership two of his priorities during his term of office, which will last two and a half years until, due to a political deal, Social Democrat MEP Martin Schulz will take over. In his inaugural address in Strasbourg, Buzek stated that among the greatest challenges faced by the European parliament were the economic crisis, European solidarity,"
"Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (, born 13 September 1950 in Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish politician. Cimoszewicz was a member of the left-wing Democratic Left Alliance, the Prime Minister of Poland from 1996 to late 1997, the Foreign Minister of Poland in the governments of Leszek Miller (2001–2004) and Marek Belka (2004–2005), the speaker of the Sejm (lower chamber of the Polish parliament) from January to October 2005 and the leftist candidate in the Polish presidential election of 1990 (receiving 9 percent of the vote) and of 2005 (he withdrew before the elections and promised to abandon politics). Along with"
"cut short with the creation of Solidarity Electoral Action, a rival conservative alliance. The results of the 1997 parliamentary election garnered Olszewski's party with 5.6 percent of the vote, returning the former premier to the Sejm. During this period, Olszewski supported Prime Minister Jerzy Buzek's 1997 concordant with the Holy See, reasoning that the Catholic Church was ""one of the most important, if not the most important, and certainly the most durable, longest running and most rooted institution in Polish national life and culture."" At the same time, Olszewski also generally supported European integration and the government's efforts for Poland's"
"new secretary general. Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (, born 13 September 1950 in Warsaw, Poland) is a Polish politician. Cimoszewicz was a member of the left-wing Democratic Left Alliance, the Prime Minister of Poland from 1996 to late 1997, the Foreign Minister of Poland in the governments of Leszek Miller (2001–2004) and Marek Belka (2004–2005), the speaker of the Sejm (lower chamber of the Polish parliament) from January to October 2005 and the leftist candidate in the Polish presidential election of 1990 (receiving 9 percent of the vote) and of 2005 (he withdrew before the elections and promised to abandon"
"leading figure within the Civic Democrats, before becoming Finance Minister in the summer of 1997. In the second half of 1997 pressure built on the Prime Minister Václav Klaus, over a donation to the Civic Democrats from a businessman who had recently gained a significant stake in a company privatised by the government. After the Foreign Minister, Josef Zieleniec, resigned in October 1997, Ivan Pilip called on Klaus to resign on the 28 November and around the same time the 2 junior parties in the coalition quit the government. Klaus resigned as Prime Minister on the 30 November and Pilip"
"collapsed and in 1997 a caretaker cabinet was appointed by the President, again, to serve until early parliamentary elections could be held in April 1997. The April 1997 elections resulted in a landslide victory for the SDS, winning a majority of 137 seats in parliament, and allowing them to form the next government. This proved to be the first post-communist government that did not collapse and served its full 4-year term until 2001. In 2001, the former monarch of Bulgaria Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha returned to power, this time as Prime Minister with his National Movement Simeon II (in Bulgarian abbreviated: NDSV),"
"Electoral Action (AWS) and its former coalition partner, the Freedom Union (UW). Voter turnout for the 2001 election was 46.29% For this election only, list seats were allocated using the Sainte-Laguë method instead of the d'Hondt method. At the end of its four-year term, the ruling AWS government of Prime Minister Jerzy Buzek faced bleak prospects for the September parliamentary election. In the previous presidential election in 2000, the SLD's Aleksander Kwaśniewski achieved a landslide reelection over AWS candidate Marian Krzaklewski. Economically, Polish consumer confidence dropped to its lowest since the mid-1990s, with unemployment rising above 16%. Politically, the Buzek"
"being the main strategic goal of Miller’s cabinet. On 13 December 2002, at the summit in Copenhagen (Denmark), Prime Minister Leszek Miller completed the negotiations with the European Union. On 16 April 2003 in Athens, Miller, together with Cimoszewicz, signed the Accession Treaty, bringing Poland into the European Union. Miller’s government, in collaboration with various political and social forces, organized the accession referendum with a successful outcome. On 7 and 8 June 2003, 77.45% of the referendum participants voted in favor of Poland’s accession to the European Union. The referendum turn-out reached 58.85%. Miller’s government, together with President Kwaśniewski, made"
"without hindrance, though Kwaśniewski vetoed Buzek's privatization plan. Kwaśniewski's relationships with the like-minded social democratic premierships of Leszek Miller and Marek Belka were virtually free of conflict. Relations between the two executive organs, however, returned to animosity under the presidency of Lech Kaczyński and Prime Minister Donald Tusk. Political rivals for years, fueled by the 2005 presidential poll which saw both men as the main challengers, Tusk's center-right Civic Platform toppled President Kaczyński's twin brother Jarosław's government in the 2007 parliamentary election. Tusk's support for stronger integration into the European Union, including the signing of the Lisbon Treaty, and a"
"willing to agree to a tighter federation, the only alternative was for the Czechs and Slovaks to form independent nations. As Meciar was unwilling to agree to the former option, on 23 July the two leaders agreed to dissolve Czechoslovakia, to take effect on 1 January 1993. Klaus led ODS to another victory in the 1996 legislative elections, and remained Prime Minister in a minority government. However, towards the end of 1997 he was forced to step down as Prime Minister by opponents in his party in connection with accusations of funding irregularities in the ODS. During his term as"
"Ireland in Poland. In 2013 he was awarded the Cross of Freedom and Solidarity. He has received many other distinctions from economic clubs, universities, publishing houses, and cultural institutions. Morawiecki is married to Iwona Morawiecka, with whom he has four children. Two of his aunts married Jewish men and converted to Judaism. One aunt was saved during the Jewish Holocaust by a Righteous among the Nations. Mateusz Morawiecki Mateusz Jakub Morawiecki (born 20 June 1968) is the 17th and current Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland. He is also an historian and economist. He previously served in the cabinet"
"which participated in Polish politics in the Second Polish Republic during the interbellum. The family was part of the Polish community in Zaolzie. Buzek's father was an engineer. After the Second World War, his family moved to Chorzów. He is a Lutheran. In 1963 Jerzy Buzek graduated from the Mechanics-and-Energy Division of the Silesian University of Technology, specialising in chemical engineering. He became a scientist in the Chemical Engineering Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Since 1997 he has been a professor of technical science. He is also an honorary doctor of the universities in Seoul and Dortmund among"
"collapsed amid a corruption scandal in June 2013. President Zeman rejected the candidate nominated by ODS to replace Nečas and form a new caretaker government until new elections could be held. Instead, Zeman elected to choose his own temporary prime minister to form a government of “experts”. The man he chose was Jiří Rusnok, Zeman's personal economics advisor and a former Finance Minister in Zeman's government 1998-2002. Rusnok's government lost a vote of confidence in August, triggering elections in late October 2013 when it became apparent that no grouping in parliament could elicit the support needed to form a new"
"the results. The government fell in 1997 after the collapse of a number of large ""pyramid schemes"" (more accurately, Ponzi schemes) and widespread corruption, which caused disorder and rebellion throughout the country. The government attempted to suppress the revolt by force but the attempt failed, due to low morale and corruption in the armed forces. With the help of international mediation led by OSCE special envoy Franz Vranitzky, the ruling and opposition parties agreed to form a Reconciliation Government and to hold new elections. To secure calm and to prevent an outward refugee flow, nine states contributed military forces to"
"Business School and the Executive and Advanced Management Programme at INSEAD. At the first free elections after the democratic transition in Poland, Kornasiewicz became a member of parliament from 1989 to 1991, representing the Polish People's Party (election district of Płock). In the government of Jerzy Buzek she served as Secretary of State in the Polish Ministry of the Treasury from 1997 to 2000. Prior to that she worked for the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) as a senior banker in London. Kornasiewicz was head of emerging European countries investment banking at Unicredit Group and a member of"
"at the Office of the Prime Minister during Lars Korvald's government 1972–1973. Bondevik's first term as Prime Minister lasted from 17 October 1997 to 3 March 2000, in a coalition cabinet consisting of the Christian Democratic Party, the Centre Party and the Liberal Party. While serving his first term as Prime Minister, Bondevik attracted international attention in August 1998 when he announced that he was suffering from depressive episode, becoming the highest ranking world leader to admit to suffering from a mental illness while in office. Upon this revelation, Anne Enger Lahnstein became acting Prime Minister for three weeks, from"
"Hungary, Slovenia, Estonia and Cyprus to start talks on their accession to the EU. The negotiation process started on 31 March 1998. Poland finished the accession negotiations in December 2002. Then, the Accession Treaty was signed in Athens on 16 April 2003 (Treaty of Accession 2003). After the ratification of that Treaty in the Polish European Union membership referendum, 2003, Poland and other 9 countries became the members of EU on 1 May 2004. 12 years after the enlargement, the EU is still ""digesting"" the change. The influx of new members has effectively put an end to the Franco-German engine"
"he returned to the opposition benches in the parliament. In response to the Election Act prepared and approved by Mečiar's government in 1997, five opposition parties (Christian Democratic Movement/KDH, Democratic Party/DS, Democratic Union/DU, Social Democratic Party of Slovakia/SDSS and the Green Party of Slovakia/SZS) formed the Slovak Democratic Coalition (SDK). Dzurinda became its spokesman, and later, on 4 July 1998, its chairman. Dzurinda was appointed as Prime Minister for the first time in October 1998, leading five opposition parties united as the Slovak Democratic Coalition (SDK) and defeating the government of Vladimír Mečiar at the polls. Under Dzurinda's leadership Slovakia"
"the municipal council in Travnik and from 1996 to 2001 Terzić served as Governor/Vice-Governor of the Central Bosnia Canton. At the same time he was the president of the club of SDA representatives in the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In October 2001 he became the deputy president of the SDA in Bosnia. He is married and has one child. Adnan Terzić Adnan Terzić (born 5 April 1960) is a Bosnian politician who served as Prime Minister of Bosnia and Herzegovina from December 2002 to January 2007. Terzić is an ethnic Bosniak and a member of the"
"ruling party, Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS) based on the Solidarity trade union, lost all its seats. In its place several new right-wing parties emerged, such as the PO and the PiS. After 2003 a variety of factors combined to bring about a collapse of support for the government. Discontent with high unemployment, government spending cuts (especially on health, education and welfare), affairs related to privatizations was compounded by a series of corruption scandals, the most serious of them being Rywin-gate. Prime Minister Leszek Miller resigned in May 2004 and was succeeded by Marek Belka. All opinion polls suggested that the"
"Franjo Tuđman won the 1997 presidential elections with 61.4% of the votes and was re-elected to a second five-year term. Marina Matulović-Dropulić became the Mayor of Zagreb having won the 1997 local elections, which formally ended the Zagreb crisis. The remaining part of former Republic of Serbian Krajina, areas adjacent to FR Yugoslavia, negotiated a peaceful reintegration process with the Croatian Government. The so-called Erdut Agreement made the area a temporary protectorate of the United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium. The area was formally re-integrated into Croatia on 15 January 1998. On 3 October 1998"
"previous Mazowiecki government, including Finance Minister Leszek Balcerowicz, who would continue to institute the shock therapy Balcerowicz Plan to the Polish economy. Bielecki then crafted a coalition government between his Liberal Democratic Congress and other pro-Wałęsa parties, including the Centre Agreement, the Democratic Party and the Christian National Union. Bielecki took the oath of office on 4 January 1991, heading the first government in 47 years in which none of its members had served under Communism. Bielecki's government quickly focused on the international economic situation in the country. Appearing at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland in February 1991,"
"the ""Hero of Dublin"" for achieving an unlikely consensus between the two. 1997 brought the rotating Presidency of the European Council to Luxembourg, during which time Juncker championed the cause of social integration in Europe, along with constituting the so-called ""Luxembourg Process"" for integrated European policy against unemployment. He also instigated the ""Euro 11"", an informal group of European finance ministers for matters regarding his Economic and Monetary Union ideals. For all of these initiatives, he was honoured with the Vision for Europe Award in 1998. Juncker succeeded in winning another term as Prime Minister in the 1999 election, although"
"on 21 December 1992 in Kraków, Poland. It came into force in July 1994. Through CEFTA, participating countries hoped to mobilize efforts to integrate into Western European institutions and through this, to join European political, economic, security and legal systems, thereby consolidating democracy and free-market economics. The agreement was amended by the agreements signed on 11 September 1995 in Brno and on 4 July 2003 in Bled. Slovenia joined CEFTA in 1996, Romania in 1997, Bulgaria in 1999, Croatia in 2003 and Macedonia in 2006. All of the parties of the original agreement had now joined the EU and thus"
"the cinema where he prefers Czech films. Bohuslav Sobotka Bohuslav Sobotka (; born 23 October 1971) is a Czech politician who served as the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic from January 2014 to December 2017 and Leader of the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD) from 2010 until his resignation in June 2017. He was Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 1996 to 2018. Sobotka also served as Finance Minister from 2002 to 2006. Sobotka was born in Telnice but soon moved with his family to Slavkov u Brna. He studied law at the Masaryk University in Brno"
"collapsed from inside over the issue of Norwegian membership in the European Economic Area. When Brundtland resigned in 1996, Labour leader Thorbjørn Jagland formed a new Labour government that stayed in office until October 1997 when he, after the September 1997 election, declared that his government would step down because the Labour Party failed to win at least 36.9% of the national vote – the percentage Labour had won in the 1993 election. A three-party minority coalition of the Centre, Christian Democratic, and Liberal parties, headed by Christian Democrat Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik, moved into office in October 1997."
"2013 presidential election, Georgia completed a complex and peaceful transition from a ""presidential"" to a ""parliamentary"" system. The period of cohabitation was assessed in the same report as ""uneasy but functioning."" The President of Poland is required to be non-partisan while in office, but so far all Presidents were elected as partisan candidates. A cohabition occurred in 2007, when President Lech Kaczyński was forced to appoint Donald Tusk as prime minister, his main rival in 2005 presidential election. The 2012 Romanian political crisis was a major political conflict between prime minister Victor Ponta of the Social Democratic Party and the"
"to economic liberalisation. TB/LNNK's then-leader, Guntars Krasts, was Prime Minister from 1997 to 1998. It remained in government until 2004, and again from 2006. Initially from the nationalist right, the party become more moderate after the 1997 merger. It also shifted from supporting economic interventionism to the free market. A predominantly ethnic Latvian party, the party's support base was university-educated, middle class, and concentrated in Riga. The party was soft eurosceptic, and was a member of the anti-federalist Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists. Its only MEP, party leader Roberts Zīle, sat with the ECR group in the European Parliament."
"his term as Finance Minister. He resigned from his position in February 1996. He was replaced by Péter Medgyessy. Between 1997 and 2000, Lajos Bokros was Director for Private Sector and Finance at the World Bank. There, together with Stjn Claessens, Simeon Djankov, and Gerhard Pohl he worked on enterprise restructuring in Georgia, Moldova, and Romania. As director, Lajos Bokros also led the assistance in restructuring the Russian banking sector after the 1997-1998 banking crisis. Supported by the Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF), Bokros was elected to the European Parliament in the 2009 election and sat in the European Conservatives and"