"and other downtrodden outcasts in society. These events and circumstances were the impetus for the beginning of Picasso’s Blue Period which lasted from 1901 to 1904. The Blue Period is identified by the flat expanses of blues, greys and blacks, melancholy figures lost in contemplation, and a deep and significant tragedy. After the Blue Period came Picasso's Rose Period, and eventually the Cubism movement which Picasso co-founded. Elements in ""The Old Guitarist"" were carefully chosen to generate a reaction from the spectator. For example, the monochromatic color scheme creates flat, two-dimensional forms that dissociate the guitarist from time and place."
"Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (; ; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and playwright who spent most of his adult life in France. Regarded as one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist ""Les Demoiselles d'Avignon"" (1907), and ""Guernica"" (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica"
"Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (; ; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, stage designer, poet and playwright who spent most of his adult life in France. Regarded as one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture, the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist ""Les Demoiselles d'Avignon"" (1907), and ""Guernica"" (1937), a dramatic portrayal of the bombing of Guernica"
"for a moment that I could be in agreement with reaction and death? ... In the panel on which I am working, which I shall call ""Guernica"", and in all my recent works of art, I clearly express my abhorrence of the military caste which has sunk Spain in an ocean of pain and death."" After 35 days of work, he finished the painting on 4 June 1937. The scene is within a room where, on the left, a wide-eyed bull stands over a grieving woman who holds a dead child in her arms. The center of the painting is"
"World War, Picasso remained in Paris while the Germans occupied the city. Picasso's artistic style did not fit the Nazi ideal of art, so he did not exhibit during this time. He was often harassed by the Gestapo. During one search of his apartment, an officer saw a photograph of the painting ""Guernica"". ""Did you do that?"" the German asked Picasso. ""No,"" he replied, ""You did"". Retreating to his studio, he continued to paint, producing works such as the ""Still Life with Guitar"" (1942) and ""The Charnel House"" (1944–48). Although the Germans outlawed bronze casting in Paris, Picasso continued regardless,"
"Modern Art acquired the painting for $24,000. The museum raised $18,000 toward the purchase price by selling a Degas painting and the rest came from donations from the co-owners of the gallery Germain Seligman and Cesar de Hauke. The Museum of Modern Art in New York City mounted an important Picasso exhibition on 15 November 1939 that remained on view until 7 January 1940. The exhibition entitled: ""Picasso:40 Years of His Art,"" was organized by Alfred H. Barr (1902–1981), in collaboration with the Art Institute of Chicago. The exhibition contained 344 works, including the major and then newly painted ""Guernica"""
"The Charnel House The Charnel House (Le Charnier) is a c.1944–1948 painting by Spanish artist Pablo Picasso (1881–1973), purportedly dealing with the Nazi genocide of the Holocaust. The black and white 'grisaille' composition centres on a massed pile of corpses, and was based primarily upon film and photographs of a slaughtered family during the Spanish Civil War. It is considered to be Picasso's second major anti-war painting, the first being the monumental ""Guernica"" (1937), but it is not thought to be as significant as that work because the artist left it unfinished. Picasso spent at least six months working on"
"grounding in classical techniques. The museum also holds many precise and detailed figure studies done in his youth under his father's tutelage, as well as the extensive collection of Jaime Sabartés, his close friend and personal secretary. ""Guernica"" was on display in New York's Museum of Modern Art for many years. In 1981, it was returned to Spain and was on exhibit at the Casón del Buen Retiro of the Museo del Prado. In 1992 the painting was put on display in Madrid's Reina Sofía Museum when it opened. In the 1996 movie ""Surviving Picasso"", Picasso is portrayed by actor"
"museum include excellent collections of Spain's two greatest 20th-century masters, Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí. Certainly, the most famous masterpiece in the museum is Picasso's painting ""Guernica"". The Reina Sofía collection has works by artists such as Joan Miró, Eduardo Chillida, Pablo Gargallo, Julio González, Luis Gordillo, Juan Gris, José Gutiérrez Solana, Lucio Muñoz, Jorge Oteiza, Julio Romero de Torres, Pablo Serrano, and Antoni Tàpies. International art represented in the collection include works by Francis Bacon, Joseph Beuys, Pierre Bonnard, Georges Braque, Alexander Calder, Robert Delaunay, Max Ernst, Lucio Fontana, Sarah Grilo, Damien Hirst, Donald Judd, Vasily Kandinsky, Paul Klee,"
"worker and a peasant carrying a hammer and sickle. As to the modernists, Le Corbusier was practically, but not quite invisible at the Exposition; he participated in the Pavilion des temps nouveaux, but focused mainly on his painting. The one modernist who did attract attention was a collaborator of Le Corbusier, Josep Lluis Sert, the Spanish-Catalan architect, whose pavilion of the Second Spanish Republic was pure modernist glass and steel box. Inside it displayed the most modernist work of the Exposition, the painting ""Guernica"" by Pablo Picasso. The original building was destroyed after the Exposition, but it was recreated in"
"The painting was created in response to the bombing of Guernica, a Basque Country town in northern Spain, by Nazi Germany and Italian warplanes at the request of the Spanish Nationalists. Upon completion, ""Guernica"" was exhibited at the Spanish display at the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (Paris International Exposition) in the 1937 World's Fair in Paris and then at other venues around the world. The touring exhibition was used to raise funds for Spanish war relief. The painting became famous and widely acclaimed, and it helped bring worldwide attention to the Spanish Civil War."
"Guernica (sculpture) Guernica is a 1937 statue made by French sculptor René Iché. It is one of Iché's most personal and violent works. He created this sculpture immediately after the bombing of Guernica on 26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. Shocked by the horror of the civilians' massacre, Iché worked all the day and the next night on his plaster statue. His daughter, Hélène, who was six at the time, was his model. However, Iché refused to exhibit his work because of its violence. It was revealed to the general public in 1997, at the exhibition commemorating the"
"wrote: ""I had no particular painting of Picasso's in mind and even though it might help to sell the book to have one of his paintings on the cover, I don't think we ought to reproduce anything of Picasso's."" Paul Mariani, a biographer of Stevens, presented a counterpoint to these objections raised by Stevens concerning the origin of this poem stating, ""Despite his repeatedly denying it, Stevens does seem to have a particular painting in mind here: Picasso's 1903 ""The Old Guitarist"", which portrays an old man with white hair and beard sitting distorted and cross-legged as he plays his"
"choice to paint in black and white contrasts with the intensity of the scene depicted and invokes the immediacy of a newspaper photograph. Picasso painted the mural sized painting called ""Guernica"" in protest of the bombing. The painting was first exhibited in Paris in 1937, then Scandinavia, then London in 1938 and finally in 1939 at Picasso's request the painting was sent to the United States in an extended loan (for safekeeping) at MoMA. The painting went on a tour of museums throughout the USA until its final return to the Museum of Modern Art in New York City where"
"Gallery exhibited Pablo Picasso's ""Guernica"" in 1938 as part of a touring exhibition organised by Roland Penrose to protest against the Spanish Civil War. The Whitechapel Gallery played an important part in the history of post-war British art, several important exhibitions were held at the Whitechapel Gallery including ""This is Tomorrow"" in 1956, the first UK exhibition by Mark Rothko in 1961, and in 1964 ""The New Generation"" show which featured John Hoyland, Bridget Riley, David Hockney and Patrick Caulfield among others. Initiated by members of the Independent Group, the exhibition brought Pop Art to the general public as well"
"the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War – ""Guernica"". This large canvas embodies for many the inhumanity, brutality and hopelessness of war. Asked to explain its symbolism, Picasso said, ""It isn't up to the painter to define the symbols. Otherwise it would be better if he wrote them out in so many words! The public who look at the picture must interpret the symbols as they understand them."" ""Guernica"" was exhibited in July 1937 at the Spanish Pavilion at the Paris International Exposition, and then became the centerpiece of an exhibition of 118 works by Picasso, Matisse,"
"Guernica, 1937. Joan Miró painted a huge mural entitled ""Catalan Peasant in Revolt"" (aka The Reaper, destroyed), and he did a poster entitled “Aidez l’Espagne” (Help Spain), meant to support the Republicans’ cause. The American artist Alexander Calder created the abstract sculpture ""Mercury Fountain"" (1937). The involvement of a non-Spanish artist was also an important statement in an era dominated by the rise of nationalism, both in democratic and totalitarian regimes. Even in democracies, voices called for a return to a more representational style. For instance, some criticized the central place given to Picasso's Guernica because it was not explicit"
"Spanish art. Highlights of the museum include excellent collections of Spain's two greatest 20th-century masters, Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí. Certainly, the most famous masterpiece in the museum is Picasso's painting ""Guernica"". Along with its extensive collection, the museum offers a mixture of national and international temporary exhibitions in its many galleries, making it one of the world's largest museums for modern and contemporary art. It also hosts a free-access library specializing in art, with a collection of over 100,000 books, over 3,500 sound recordings, and almost 1,000 videos. The museum is mainly dedicated to Spanish art. Highlights of the"
"""Guernica"", and from January to April 1938 the tour visited Oslo, Copenhagen, Stockholm and Göteborg. In September 1938 the painting travelled to England, exhibited in London's Whitechapel Art Gallery organized by Roland Penrose with Clement Attlee, where it arrived on 30 September 1938, the same day the Munich Agreement was signed by the leaders of the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. It then travelled onwards to Leeds, Liverpool and in early 1939 Manchester. There, Manchester Foodship For Spain, a group of artists and activists engaged in sending aid to the people of Spain, exhibited the painting in the HE"
"attributed to Gherardo Starnina, and the two artists may have been the same person. Gherardo Starnina Gherardo Starnina (c. 1360–1413) was an Italian painter from Florence in the Quattrocento era. According to the biographer Giorgio Vasari, Starnina initially trained with Antonio Veneziano, then with Agnolo Gaddi. He is claimed to have participated in the painting of the frescos in the ""Castellani Chapel"" in Basilica di Santa Croce, Florence. He is also said to have moved to Spain in 1380 to work under Juan I of Castile, and is attributed some painting in the ""San Blas chapel"" of the Cathedral of"
"the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. Pablo Picasso painted his mural sized ""Guernica"" to commemorate the horrors of the bombing. ""Guernica"" is an immense black-and-white, 3.5 metre (11 ft) tall and 7.8 metre (23 ft) wide mural painted in oil. The mural presents a scene of death, violence, brutality, suffering, and helplessness without portraying their immediate causes. The choice to paint in black and white invokes the immediacy of a newspaper photograph. The painting was first exhibited in Paris in 1937, then Scandinavia and London, and in 1939 at Picasso's request the painting was sent to the United"
"Marcel Duchamp. In 1957, after a sabbatical, Granell and his family moved to New York and lived mainly on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York, until 1985 when the Granell's returned to Spain. He had several exhibits at the Bodley Gallery, some were individual, others were collective with surrealists like Magritte, Max Ernst, Duchamp. He studied Sociology at the New School for Social Research and earned his PhD with the publication of a very personal study of Picasso`s Guernica: ""Picasso's Guernica. The End of a Spanish Era"" (UMI Research Press, 1967 and 1981). Granell was Professor Emeritus of"
"26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War, the Basque town of Gernika was the scene of the ""Bombing of Gernika"" by the Condor Legion of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. The Germans were attacking to support the efforts of Francisco Franco to overthrow the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. The town was devastated, though the Biscayan assembly and the Oak of Gernika survived. Pablo Picasso painted his mural sized ""Guernica"" to commemorate the horrors of the bombing. In its final form, ""Guernica"" is an immense black and white, 3.5 metre (11 ft) tall and 7.8 metre (23 ft) wide"
"is part of the National Trust collection. Lorenzo Gennari Lorenzo Gennari (1595–1665/1672) was an Italian Renaissance painter. Lorenzo was part of the Gennari family of artists. Born in Cento, he worked in the workshop of the painter Guercino, and was his assistant between 1615 and 1630. His style puts him in the Bolognese School of painting. Only a few works have been attributed to him, but definitive attributions have been difficult due to the similarities between the artists of Guercino's workshop, including the similar styles of Benedetto Gennari and Cesare Gennari. One work attributed to Lorenzo ""Cassandra and Coroebus (The"
"of Art from 1963 to 1967 before coming to New York in 1969, where he lectured at several universities, including the School of Visual Arts. On February 28, 1974, Shafrazi spray-painted Picasso's painting ""Guernica"", which hung in the Museum of Modern Art, with the words ""KILL LIES ALL"" in foot-high letters. When a guard finally grabbed him, Shafrazi shouted, ""Call the curator. I am an artist."" The paint was easily removed as the painting was heavily varnished. It is believed that Shafrazi was protesting the announcement, the day before, of the release on bail of U.S. lieutenant William Calley. Calley,"
"Minister for the Arts, Race Mathews. The demands included increases to funding for the arts; threats were made that the painting would be destroyed. After an anonymous tip-off to police, the painting was found undamaged in a locker at Spencer Street station on 19 August 1986. The theft still remains unsolved. After painting ""Guernica"", Picasso created a series of works depicting one of the figures in the work, a weeping woman. The model for these works was his mistress Dora Maar. The definitive work in the series is in the collection of the Tate Modern. One of the series was"
"- the broken sword that corresponds to a dialogue in the film in which Gary Cooper tells Helen Hayes that swords are no longer good for the battle front. In addition, the painting was painted by Picasso in black and white, just like the film and the whole picture gives the impression that everything has a movement from right to left exactly like the sequence from which most inspirations are culled, that all of it develops from right to left. And finally José Luis Alcaine adds that for him, the bull of Guernica is the representation of his painter, Pablo"
"Canadian pavilion depicted aspects of Canadian culture. The Spanish pavilion attracted attention as the exposition took place during the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish pavilion was built by the Spanish architect Josep Lluis Sert. The pavilion, set up by the Republican government, included Pablo Picasso's famous painting ""Guernica"", a depiction of the horrors of war, Alexander Calder's sculpture ""Mercury Fountain"" and Joan Miró's painting ""Catalan peasant in revolt"". Two of the other notable pavilions were those of Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union. The organization of the world exhibition had placed the German and the Soviet pavilions directly across from"
"centenary of the artist's birth. Thereafter, the sculpture was no longer exhibited and remains owned by the artist's family. The original plaster was given in 2011 to the Musée Fabre, where he is going to be restored. Guernica (sculpture) Guernica is a 1937 statue made by French sculptor René Iché. It is one of Iché's most personal and violent works. He created this sculpture immediately after the bombing of Guernica on 26 April 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. Shocked by the horror of the civilians' massacre, Iché worked all the day and the next night on his plaster statue."
"expression I have never hesitated to adopt them."" Although his Cubist works approach abstraction, Picasso never relinquished the objects of the real world as subject matter. Prominent in his Cubist paintings are forms easily recognized as guitars, violins, and bottles. When Picasso depicted complex narrative scenes it was usually in prints, drawings, and small-scale works; ""Guernica"" (1937) is one of his few large narrative paintings. Picasso painted mostly from imagination or memory. According to William Rubin, Picasso ""could only make great art from subjects that truly involved him ... Unlike Matisse, Picasso had eschewed models virtually all his mature life,"
"Calder's ""Fuente de mercurio"" (Mercury Fountain) a protest work by the American against the Nationalist forced control of Almadén and the mercury mines there. Pablo Picasso painted ""Guernica"" in 1937, taking inspiration from the bombing of Guernica, and in Leonardo da Vinci's ""Battle of Anghiari"". ""Guernica"", like many important Republican masterpieces, was featured at the 1937 International Exhibition in Paris. The work's size (11 ft by 25.6 ft) grabbed much attention and cast the horrors of the mounting Spanish civil unrest into a global spotlight. The painting has since been heralded as an anti-war work and a symbol of peace"
"the scene of the ""Bombing of Gernika"" by the Condor Legion of Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe. The Germans were attacking to support the efforts of Francisco Franco to overthrow the Basque Government and the Spanish Republican government. The town was devastated, though the Biscayan assembly and the Oak of Gernika survived. Pablo Picasso painted his mural sized ""Guernica"" to commemorate the horrors of the bombing. In its final form, ""Guernica"" is an immense black and white, tall and wide mural painted in oil. The mural presents a scene of death, violence, brutality, suffering, and helplessness without portraying their immediate causes. The"
"working in Europe in the 1920s and 30s, including Marcel Duchamp, Max Ernst, Hans Hofmann, Joaquín Torres-García, Alberto Giacometti, Henri Matisse, Joan Miró, Piet Mondrian, and Pablo Picasso. He became quite friendly with Picasso who mentored him, and together they stretched the canvas for ""Guernica"", in 1937. He returned from Europe to the United States in 1938, to live in New York City. He was a founding member (and later president) of ""The Club"", a group of artists who were at the heart of the emerging ""New York School"" of abstract expressionism. In the 1950s, Ferren collaborated with Alfred Hitchcock."