"Aves Island (Andaman and Nicobar Islands) Aves Island is an island of the Andaman Islands. It belongs to the North and Middle Andaman administrative district, part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The island lies north from Port Blair. Aves Lighthouse, was established in 2008. The island lies east of Mayabunder. The island is small, having an area of . Politically, Aves Island is part of Mayabunder Taluk. The island is privately owned by the Co-op Society Ltd. plantation. Aves Island is about 20 mins ride away by Dinghy from Mayabunder jetty. Aves is a perfect"
"is the class Aves, which branches into subclasses, which branch into infraclasses, and then ""parvclasses"", superorders, orders, suborders, infraorders, ""parvorders"", superfamilies, families, subfamilies, tribes, subtribes and finally genera and species. However the classification study did not employ modern cladistic methods, as it relies strictly on DNA-DNA hybridization as the sole measure of similarity. The Sibley–Ahlquist arrangement differs greatly from the more traditional approach used in the Clements taxonomy. More recently published phylogenetic reconstructions based on cladistic and maximum likelihood analyses of DNA sequences lend credence to some of the DNA-DNA hybridization-based taxonomy, e.g. the recognition of palaeognathous birds as monophyletic"
"though efforts are underway to protect them. Recreational birdwatching is an important part of the ecotourism industry. The first classification of birds was developed by Francis Willughby and John Ray in their 1676 volume ""Ornithologiae"". Carl Linnaeus modified that work in 1758 to devise the taxonomic classification system currently in use. Birds are categorised as the biological class Aves in Linnaean taxonomy. Phylogenetic taxonomy places Aves in the dinosaur clade Theropoda. Aves and a sister group, the clade Crocodilia, contain the only living representatives of the reptile clade Archosauria. During the late 1990s, Aves was most commonly defined phylogenetically as"
"between ""Archaeopteryx"" and modern birds, phylogenetic taxonomists, in keeping with tradition, almost always use ""Archaeopteryx"" as a specifier to help define Aves. Aves has more rarely been defined as a crown group consisting only of modern birds. Nearly all palaeontologists regard birds as coelurosaurian theropod dinosaurs. Within Coelurosauria, multiple cladistic analyses have found support for a clade named Maniraptora, consisting of therizinosauroids, oviraptorosaurs, troodontids, dromaeosaurids, and birds. Of these, dromaeosaurids and troodontids are usually united in the clade Deinonychosauria, which is a sister group to birds (together forming the node-clade Eumaniraptora) within the stem-clade Paraves. Other studies have proposed alternative"
"Ovis Ovis is a genus of mammals, part of the goat-antelope subfamily of the ruminant family Bovidae. Its five or more highly sociable species are known as sheep. The domestic sheep is one member of the genus, and is thought to be descended from the wild mouflon of central and southwest Asia. Female sheep are called ""ewes"", males are called ""rams"" (sometimes also called ""bucks"" or ""tups""), and young sheep are called ""lambs"". The adjective applying to sheep is ""ovine"", and the collective term for sheep is ""flock"" or ""mob"". The term ""herd"" is also occasionally used in this sense."
"clade, universally ascribed to the formal taxon Aves. Mammalia and Aves are, in fact, subclades within the grand clade of the Amniota. But the traditional class Reptilia is not a clade. It is just a section of the clade Amniota: the section that is left after the Mammalia and Aves have been hived off. It cannot be defined by synapomorphies, as is the proper way. Instead, it is defined by a combination of the features it has and the features it lacks: reptiles are the amniotes that lack fur or feathers. At best, the cladists suggest, we could say that"
"Bird Birds, also known as Aves, are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton. Birds live worldwide and range in size from the bee hummingbird to the ostrich. They rank as the world's most numerically-successful class of tetrapods, with approximately ten thousand living species, more than half of these being passerines, sometimes known as perching birds. Birds have which are more or less developed depending on the species; the only known groups without wings are the extinct moa"
"Sheep Domestic sheep (""Ovis aries"") are quadrupedal, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Like most ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name sheep applies to many species in the genus ""Ovis"", in everyday usage it almost always refers to ""Ovis aries"". Numbering a little over one billion, domestic sheep are also the most numerous species of sheep. An adult female sheep is referred to as a ""ewe"" (), an intact male as a ""ram"" or occasionally a ""tup"", a castrated male as a ""wether"", and a younger sheep as a ""lamb"". Sheep are"
"crown group Aves (alternately Neornithes), which has two subdivisions: the Palaeognathae, which includes the flightless ratites (such as the ostriches) and the weak-flying tinamous, and the extremely diverse Neognathae, containing all other birds. These two subdivisions are often given the rank of superorder, although Livezey and Zusi assigned them ""cohort"" rank. Depending on the taxonomic viewpoint, the number of known living bird species varies anywhere from 9,800 to 10,050. The discovery of ""Vegavis"", a late Cretaceous member of the Anatidae, proved that the diversification of modern birds started before the Cenozoic. The affinities of an earlier fossil, the possible galliform"
"Aves, is often used synonymously with the vernacular term ""bird"" by these researchers. Most researchers define Avialae as branch-based clade, though definitions vary. Many authors have used a definition similar to ""all theropods closer to birds than to ""Deinonychus""."" Avialae is also occasionally defined as an apomorphy-based clade (that is, one based on physical characteristics). Jacques Gauthier, who named Avialae in 1986, re-defined it in 2001 as all dinosaurs that possessed feathered wings used in flapping flight, and the birds that descended from them. Based on fossil and biological evidence, most scientists accept that birds are a specialised subgroup of"
"Neoaves Neoaves is a clade that consists of all modern birds (Neornithes or Aves) with the exception of Paleognathae (ratites and kin) and Galloanserae (ducks, chickens and kin). Almost 95% of the roughly 10,000 known species of modern birds belong to the Neoaves. The early diversification of the various neoavian groups occurred very rapidly around the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, and attempts to resolve their relationships with each other have resulted initially in much controversy. One hypothesis for the phylogeny of modern birds was presented by Prum, R.O. ""et al"". (2015) The following cladogram illustrates the proposed relationships, with some taxon"
"all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of modern birds and ""Archaeopteryx lithographica"". However, an earlier definition proposed by Jacques Gauthier gained wide currency in the 21st century, and is used by many scientists including adherents of the Phylocode system. Gauthier defined Aves to include only the crown group of the set of modern birds. This was done by excluding most groups known only from fossils, and assigning them, instead, to the Avialae, in part to avoid the uncertainties about the placement of ""Archaeopteryx"" in relation to animals traditionally thought of as theropod dinosaurs. Gauthier identified four different definitions"
"names following Yury, T. ""et al."" (2013) and Kimball et al. 2013. Neoaves Neoaves is a clade that consists of all modern birds (Neornithes or Aves) with the exception of Paleognathae (ratites and kin) and Galloanserae (ducks, chickens and kin). Almost 95% of the roughly 10,000 known species of modern birds belong to the Neoaves. The early diversification of the various neoavian groups occurred very rapidly around the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, and attempts to resolve their relationships with each other have resulted initially in much controversy. One hypothesis for the phylogeny of modern birds was presented by Prum, R.O. ""et"
"assigned its traditional rank of class, then a phylogenetic classification has to assign the rank of genus to Aves. In such a classification, all ~12,000 known species of extant and extinct birds would then have to be incorporated into this genus. Various solutions have been proposed while keeping the rank-based nomenclature codes. Patterson and Rosen (1977) suggested nine new ranks between family and superfamily in order to be able to classify a clade of herrings, and McKenna and Bell (1997) introduced a large array of new ranks in order to cope with the diversity of Mammalia; these have not been"
"egg. Their external and internal structure; their comparative anatomy, habits, instincts, and various relations to each other, are detailed in authors who prosessedly treat on their subjects."" The list has been broken down into the original six classes Linnaeus described for animals; Mammalia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, & Vermes. These classes were ultimately created by studying the internal anatomy, as seen in his key: By current standards Pisces and Vermes are informal groupings, Insecta also contained arachnids and crustaceans, and one order of Amphibia comprised sharks, lampreys, and sturgeons. Linnaeus described mammals as: ""Animals that suckle their young by means"
"Ape Apes (Hominoidea) are a branch of Old World tailless anthropoid primates native to Africa and Southeast Asia. They are the sister group of the Old World monkeys, together forming the catarrhine clade. They are distinguished from other primates by a wider degree of freedom of motion at the shoulder joint as evolved by the influence of brachiation. In traditional and non-scientific use, the term ""ape"" excludes humans, and is thus not equivalent to the scientific taxon Hominoidea. There are two extant branches of the superfamily Hominoidea: the gibbons, or lesser apes; and the hominids, or great apes. Except for"
"extinction event 66 million years ago, giving rise to ostriches and relatives (Paleognathae), ducks and relatives (Anseriformes), ground-living fowl (Galliformes), and “modern birds” (Neoaves). Phylogenetically, Aves is usually defined as all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of a specific modern bird species (such as the house sparrow, ""Passer domesticus""), and either ""Archaeopteryx"", or some prehistoric species closer to Neornithes (to avoid the problems caused by the unclear relationships of ""Archaeopteryx"" to other theropods). If the latter classification is used then the larger group is termed Avialae. Currently, the relationship between dinosaurs, ""Archaeopteryx"", and modern birds is still under"
"a particular organism, it is usually not necessary to specify ranks other than these first two. Consider a particular species, the red fox, ""Vulpes vulpes"": the next rank above, the genus ""Vulpes"", comprises all the ""true"" foxes. Their closest relatives are in the immediately higher rank, the family Canidae, which includes dogs, wolves, jackals, and all foxes; the next higher rank, the order Carnivora, includes caniforms (bears, seals, weasels, skunks, raccoons and all those mentioned above), and feliforms (cats, civets, hyenas, mongooses). Carnivorans are one group of the hairy, warm-blooded, nursing members of the class Mammalia, which are classified among"
"the dangers associated with coursing and blocking. Coursing and blocking may result in females being continually hassled leading to increased mortality due to rams potentially ramming into the ewes causing either physical harm or damage. Ovis Ovis is a genus of mammals, part of the goat-antelope subfamily of the ruminant family Bovidae. Its five or more highly sociable species are known as sheep. The domestic sheep is one member of the genus, and is thought to be descended from the wild mouflon of central and southwest Asia. Female sheep are called ""ewes"", males are called ""rams"" (sometimes also called ""bucks"""
"sicher weiden"") and Pink Floyd's ""Sheep"", and poems like William Blake's ""The Lamb"". Sheep Domestic sheep (""Ovis aries"") are quadrupedal, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Like most ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name sheep applies to many species in the genus ""Ovis"", in everyday usage it almost always refers to ""Ovis aries"". Numbering a little over one billion, domestic sheep are also the most numerous species of sheep. An adult female sheep is referred to as a ""ewe"" (), an intact male as a ""ram"" or occasionally a ""tup"", a castrated"
"the common definition of Aves and Mammalia. This has caused some confusion in the literature. The cladistic idea of strictly using the topology of the phylogenetic tree to define groups, necessitates other definitions than crown groups to adequately define commonly discussed fossil groups like various Burgess Shale fauna. Thus, a host of prefixes have been defined to describe various branches of the phylogenetic tree relative to extant organisms. A pan-group or total group is the crown group and all organisms more closely related to it than to any other extant organisms. In a tree analogy, it is the crown group"
"with ""Archaeopteryx"", Dromaeosauridae and Troodontidae to the exclusion of other groups traditionally seen as birds. Xu ""et al"" therefore (re)defined the concepts of Deinonychosauria and Avialae to the extent that ""Archaeopteryx"" and ""Xiaotingia"" belonged to the Deinonychosauria in the clade Archaeopterygidae. This led to popular reports that """"Archaeopteryx"" is no longer a bird"", although Xu ""et al"" noted that there are several competing definitions of the clade Aves currently in use, pointing out that their definitions are compatible with a traditional Aves with ""Archaeopteryx"" as a specifier. This was challenged by an analysis using different methods published several months later"
"Avemetatarsalia Avemetatarsalia (meaning ""bird metatarsals"") is a clade name established by British palaeontologist Michael Benton in 1999 for all crown group archosaurs that are closer to birds than to crocodiles. It includes a similarly defined subgroup, Ornithodira. An alternate name is Pan-Aves, or ""all birds"", in reference to its definition containing all animals, living or extinct, which are more closely related to birds than to crocodiles. Members of this group include the Dinosauromorpha, Pterosauromorpha, the genus ""Scleromochlus"", and Aphanosauria. Dinosauromorpha contains more basal forms, including ""Lagerpeton"" and ""Marasuchus"", as well as more derived forms, including dinosaurs. Birds belong to the"
"order within the class Aves. However, a number of researchers have disagreed with this classification, retaining oviraptorosaurs as non-avialan maniraptorans slightly more primitive than the deinonychosaurs. The internal classification of the oviraptorosaurs has also been controversial. Most studies divide them into two primary sub-groups, the Caenagnathidae and the Oviraptoridae. The Oviraptoridae is further divided into the small, short-armed, and crestless subfamily Ingeniinae, and the larger, crested, long-armed Oviraptorinae. However, some phylogenetic studies have suggested that many traditional members of the Caenagnathidae were more closely related to the crested oviraptorids. The 2007 cladistic analysis of Turner and colleagues recovered the Oviraptorosauria"
"parenthesis) This question would NOT be used: (It would not be used because first and fourth quarter questions are given purely verbally.) Place the following animals in the categories of carnivore, omnivore, or herbivore: Fruit bats, white-tailed deer, bears, humans, and frogs. Give the number of vertices, faces, and edges for the following shapes: Pyramid, rectangular prism, cone, cube, and cylinder. Capitalize the words in the following sentence that need to be capitalized, then give the animal the capital letters spell: Sylvia went to Egypt, and while there, gave Alex a book on Lithuania. National Academic League The National Academic"
"Hyena Hyenas or hyaenas (from Greek ὕαινα ""hýaina"") are any feliform carnivoran mammals of the family Hyaenidae . With only four extant species (in three genera), it is the fifth-smallest biological family in the Carnivora, and one of the smallest in the class Mammalia. Despite their low diversity, hyenas are unique and vital components of most African ecosystems. Although phylogenetically they are closer to felines and viverrids, and belong to the feliform category, hyenas are behaviourally and morphologically similar to canines in several elements of convergent evolution; both hyenas and canines are non-arboreal, cursorial hunters that catch prey with their"
"2018. Cattle (colloquially cows) are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos primigenius. Cows are not raised as livestock for meat (beef and veal), but as dairy animals for milk and other dairy products, and as draft animals (oxen or bullocks) (pulling carts, plows and the like). The national breed Achham cattle which falls in the Bos indicus species is understood to be the national animal. ""Rhododendron"" (; lali gurans) is a"
"data. It showed the Acariformes sister to the Solifugae (camel spiders), while the Parasitiformes were sister to the Pseudoscorpionida. Acari Acari (or Acarina) are a taxon of arachnids that contains mites and ticks. The diversity of the Acari is extraordinary and its fossil history goes back to at least the early Devonian period. Acarologists (people who study Acari) have proposed a complex set of taxonomic ranks to classify mites. In most modern treatments, the Acari is considered a subclass of Arachnida and is composed of two or three superorders or orders: Acariformes (or Actinotrichida), Parasitiformes (or Anactinotrichida), and Opilioacariformes; the"
"Arachnid Arachnids () are a class (Arachnida) of joint-legged invertebrate animals (arthropods), in the subphylum Chelicerata. Almost all adult arachnids have eight legs, although the front pair of legs in some species has converted to a sensory function, while in other species, different appendages can grow large enough to take on the appearance of extra pairs of legs. The term is derived from the Greek word (""aráchnē""), from the myth of the hubristic human weaver Arachne who was turned into a spider. Spiders are the largest order in the class, which also includes scorpions, ticks, mites, harvestmen, and solifuges. Almost"
"Vermes Vermes (""worms"") is an obsolete taxon used by Carl Linnaeus and Jean-Baptiste Lamarck for non-arthropod invertebrate animals. In Linnaeus's ""Systema Naturae"", the Vermes had the rank of class, occupying the 6th (and last) slot of his animal systematics. It was divided into the following orders, all except the Lithophyta containing (in modern terms) organisms from a variety of phyla: Apart from the Mollusca, understood very differently from the modern phylum of that name, Linnaeus included a very diverse and rather mismatched assemblage of animals in the categories. The Intestina group encompassed various parasitic animals, among them the hagfish, which"
"Fowl Fowl are birds belonging to one of two biological orders, namely the gamefowl or landfowl (Galliformes) and the waterfowl (Anseriformes). Studies of anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives; together, they form the fowl clade which is scientifically known as Galloanserae (initially termed Galloanseri). This clade is also supported by morphological and DNA sequence data as well as retrotransposon presence/absence data. As opposed to ""fowl"", ""poultry"" is a term for any kind of domesticated bird or bird captive-raised for meat, eggs, or feathers; ostriches, for example, are sometimes kept as poultry, but are neither"
"the order remains uncertain. Without the Cetacean descendants the Artiodactyls must be paraphyletic. The class Reptilia ""as traditionally defined"", is paraphyletic because it excludes birds (class Aves) and mammals. In the ICZN Code, the three taxa are classes of equal rank. However, mammals hail from the synapsids (which were once described as ""mammal-like reptiles"") and birds are descended from the dinosaurs (a group of Diapsida), both of which are reptiles. Alternatively, reptiles are paraphyletic because they gave rise to (only) birds. Birds and reptiles together make Sauropsids. Osteichthyes, bony fish, are paraphyletic when they include only Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) and"
"within the Maniraptora and the hypothesis that core clades of Maniraptora (oviraptorosaurs, troodontids, and dromaeosaurs) were actually flying and flightless radiations within the clade bracketed by ""Archaeopteryx"" and modern birds (Aves). James and Pourtless concluded that because Aves might not belong within it, Theropoda as presently constituted might not be monophyletic. They further cautioned that a verificationist approach in the BMT literature may be producing misleading studies on the origin of birds. Frances James (ecologist) Frances Crews James (born September 29, 1930) is an American ecologist who served as a Professor of Biological Sciences at Florida State University. James studied"