"used both internationally and by locals. The name derives from the kiwi, a native flightless bird, which is the national symbol of New Zealand. The Māori loanword ""Pākehā"" usually refers to New Zealanders of European descent, although some reject this appellation, and some Māori use it to refer to all non-Polynesian New Zealanders. Most people born in New Zealand or one of the realm's external territories (Tokelau, the Ross Dependency, the Cook Islands and Niue) before 2006 are New Zealand citizens. Further conditions apply for those born from 2006 onwards. In , New Zealand has an estimated population of ,"
"the moa populations, which deprived the ""Harpagornis"" of its primary food source, leading to the extinction of that species as well. New Zealand's emblematic kiwis fill the role of small foragers of the leaf-litter, and the enigmatic adzebill was a universal omnivore. The wattlebirds, Callaeidae, are a family endemic to New Zealand, but many other New Zealand birds show clear affinities to Australia, including the New Zealand pigeon and the New Zealand falcon, as well as various parrots, rails, waders, owls, and seabirds (albeit often with a New Zealand twist). Of the 245 species of birds from the greater New"
"the most well-known national symbol for New Zealand, and the bird is prominent in the coat of arms, crests and badges of many New Zealand cities, clubs and organisations; at the national level, the red silhouette of a kiwi is in the centre of the roundel of the Royal New Zealand Air Force. The kiwi is featured in the logo of the New Zealand Rugby League, and the New Zealand national rugby league team are nicknamed the Kiwis. The reverse of a New Zealand dollar coin contains an image of a kiwi, and in currency trading the New Zealand dollar"
"and the at-risk brown skink (""Oligosoma zelandicum""). Since 2017 weed clearance, habitat restoration, and rock-pile building has been undertaken to improve lizard habitat. The native bird species present include New Zealand kingfisher (""Todiramphus sanctus vagans""), pied shag (""Phalacrocorax varius varius""), grey warbler (""Gerygone igata""), North Island fantail (""Rhipidura fuliginosa placabilis""), silvereye (""Zosterops lateralis lateralis""), harrier (""Circus approximans""), kererū (""Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae""), korimako (""Anthornis melanura melanura""), and New Zealand pipit (""Anthus novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae""). Pipit are considered at at-risk species in New Zealand, and pied shags are nationally vulnerable. Ngā Ururoa was set up in 1997 by Fergus Wheeler. It was nominated for"
"New Zealand Air Force's aerobatic team is called the Black Falcons. The proverb ""Me te kopae kārearea"" or ""like the nest of kārearea"" means 'rarely seen.' New Zealand falcon The New Zealand falcon or kārearea in Māori (""Falco novaeseelandiae"") is New Zealand's only falcon. Other common names for the bird are bush hawk and sparrow hawk. It is frequently mistaken for the larger and more common swamp harrier. It is the country’s most threatened bird of prey, with only around 3000–5000 breeding pairs remaining. A member of the bird family Falconidae, the New Zealand falcon is mainly found in heavy"
"are listed as endangered. The kiwi, a national symbol, is also under threat. A curious bird, it cannot fly, has loose, hair-like feathers and long whiskers, and is largely nocturnal. Native New Zealand forests are broadly divided into temperate (broadleaf) and beech forests, introduced pine forests also cover a large part of the country. Native deciduous plants are extremely rare, with only 11 species loosing all their leaves in winter, none of which are common canopy forming trees. The beech forests are most common in high elevations and cold climates, while temperate forests dominate elsewhere. The temperate forests have a"
"New Zealand falcon The New Zealand falcon or kārearea in Māori (""Falco novaeseelandiae"") is New Zealand's only falcon. Other common names for the bird are bush hawk and sparrow hawk. It is frequently mistaken for the larger and more common swamp harrier. It is the country’s most threatened bird of prey, with only around 3000–5000 breeding pairs remaining. A member of the bird family Falconidae, the New Zealand falcon is mainly found in heavy bush and the steep high country in the South Island, and is rarely seen north of a line through the central area of the North Island."
"The bird is protected under the Wildlife Act and there have been prosecutions for shooting it. New Zealand pigeon The New Zealand pigeon or kereru (Māori: kererū; ""Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae"") is a bird endemic to New Zealand. Māori call it ""kererū"" in most of the country but kūkupa and kūkū in some parts of the North Island, particularly in Northland. Commonly called wood pigeon, they are distinct from the wood pigeon (""Columba palumbus"") of the Northern Hemisphere, which is a member of a different genus. The New Zealand pigeon belongs to the family Columbidae, and the subfamily Treroninae, which is found"
"Birds of New Zealand The birds of New Zealand evolved into an avifauna that included a large number of endemic species (that is, species found in no other country). As an island archipelago New Zealand accumulated bird diversity and when Captain James Cook arrived in the 1770s he noted that the bird song was deafening. The mix includes species with unusual biology such as the kakapo which is the world's only flightless, nocturnal, lek (competitive display) breeding parrot, but also many species that are similar to neighboring land areas. A process of colonization, speciation and extinction has been at play"
"New Zealand bellbird The New Zealand bellbird (""Anthornis melanura""), also known by its Māori names korimako and makomako, is a passerine bird endemic to New Zealand. It has greenish colouration and is the only living member of the genus ""Anthornis"". The bellbird forms a significant component of the famed New Zealand dawn chorus of bird song that was much noted by early European settlers. The explorer Captain Cook wrote of its song ""it seemed to be like small bells most exquisitely tuned"". Its bell-like song is sometimes confused with that of the tui. The species is common across much of"
"New Zealand fernbird The New Zealand fernbird or simply fernbird (""Poodytes punctatus"") is an insectivorous bird endemic to New Zealand. The Māori names are kōtātā or mātātā. There are five fully protected sub-species of New Zealand fernbird: The related Chatham fernbird (""Poodytes rufescens""), which, became extinct around 1900, was sometimes treated as a subspecies of this species. The New Zealand fernbird is a rich brown above and white below, with brown spots on both the throat and breast. Early settlers called it the ""swamp sparrow"" no doubt because of its colouration. The tail feathers are thin, dark brown, and spine-like."
"New Zealand pigeon The New Zealand pigeon or kereru (Māori: kererū; ""Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae"") is a bird endemic to New Zealand. Māori call it ""kererū"" in most of the country but kūkupa and kūkū in some parts of the North Island, particularly in Northland. Commonly called wood pigeon, they are distinct from the wood pigeon (""Columba palumbus"") of the Northern Hemisphere, which is a member of a different genus. The New Zealand pigeon belongs to the family Columbidae, and the subfamily Treroninae, which is found throughout Southeast Asia, Malaya, Africa and New Zealand. The members of this subfamily feed largely on"
"self-sustaining populations of some Australian species. Apart from the occasional bird blown in from Australia, all the parrot species naturally occurring in New Zealand are found nowhere else (endemic). There are eight surviving parrot species endemic to New Zealand. The mainland species are the kea (""Nestor notabilis""), the New Zealand kaka (""Nestor meridionalis""), the kākāpō (""Strigops habroptila""), and three species of kākāriki: the yellow-crowned parakeet (""Cyanoramphus auriceps""), the red-crowned parakeet (""Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae"") and the orange-fronted parakeet (""Cyanoramphus malherbi""). The other New Zealand parrot species are the Chatham kaka (""N."" sp.) and Chatham parakeet (""Cyanoramphus forbesi""), from the Chatham Islands, and"
"is named after the national bird of New Zealand. HMNZS Kiwi (T102) HMNZS ""Kiwi"" (T102) was a ""Bird"" class minesweeper of the Royal New Zealand Navy. She was commissioned in 1941 for minesweeping and anti-submarine roles. From 1948 to 1956 she functioned as a training ship. On 29 January 1943, with her sister ship ""Moa"", ""Kiwi"" rammed and wrecked the Japanese submarine ""I-1"". At the time ""Kiwi"" was under the command of Lieutenant Commander Gordon Bridson who was awarded the DSC and the United States Navy Cross for this action. ""Kiwi"" was the first of two vessels with this name"
"New Zealand fantail The New Zealand fantail (""Rhipidura fuliginosa"") is a small insectivorous bird, the only species of fantail in New Zealand. It has four subspecies: ""R. f. fuliginosa"" in the South Island, ""R. f. placabilis"" in the North Island, ""R. f. penita"" in the Chatham Islands, and the now-extinct ""R. f. cervina"" formerly on Lord Howe Island. It is also known by its Maori names, Pīwakawaka, Tīwakawaka or Piwaiwaka; the common pied morph is also known as pied fantail (not to be confused with the Malaysian or Philippine pied fantails), and the uncommon dark morph is also known as"
"New Zealand glow worm (""Arachnocampa luminosa"") etc. Mount Tutu Eco-Sanctuary Mount Tutu Eco-Sanctuary in Bay of Plenty, North Island, New Zealand, between Tauranga and Rotorua, is a Mainland Island Sanctuary, protected by the Queen Elizabeth II National Trust Act 1977 since 1993. The sanctuary exists to protect and educate on New Zealand's natural flora and fauna, with conservation programmes to mitigate the effects of introduced predators on New Zealand's native wildlife. The indigenous wildlife at the sanctuary include bellbird, tui, kereru (wood pigeon), piwakawaka (fantail), ruru (morepork, native owl), pukeko (swamp hen), shining cuckoo (migratory) etc. Lizards - skink and"
"a blackbird. The call of the ""Anthornis melanura"" is used by Radio New Zealand as an interval signal. New Zealand bellbird The New Zealand bellbird (""Anthornis melanura""), also known by its Māori names korimako and makomako, is a passerine bird endemic to New Zealand. It has greenish colouration and is the only living member of the genus ""Anthornis"". The bellbird forms a significant component of the famed New Zealand dawn chorus of bird song that was much noted by early European settlers. The explorer Captain Cook wrote of its song ""it seemed to be like small bells most exquisitely tuned""."
"may have put some pressure on other birds but at the time of early European contact (18th Century) and colonisation (19th Century) the bird life was prolific. With them, the Europeans brought ship rats, possums, cats and mustelids which decimated native bird life, some of which had adapted flightlessness and ground nesting habits and others had no defensive behavior as a result of having no extant endemic mammalian predators. The kakapo, the world's biggest parrot, which is flightless, now only exists in managed breeding sanctuaries. New Zealand's national emblem, the kiwi, is on the endangered bird list. There has been"
"birds, mostly re-introduced. These include takahe, North Island kōkako, brown teal, stitchbird (hihi), North Island saddleback (tieke), tomtit (miromiro), fantail (piwakawaka), morepork (ruru), weka and North Island robin (toutouwai). The brown kiwi and little-spotted kiwi were released on the island between 1890 and 1910, and the island is now the stronghold for the latter species. Rat eradication has led to increases in red-fronted parakeets, North Island robin, bellbirds, and saddlebacks and the island is considered one of New Zealand's most important sites for bird recovery, as well as a major breeding site, for seabirds. In April 2005, the critically endangered"
"close to the ground, making a deep woven cup of dried rushes lined with feathers. Breeding occurs from September to February, producing clutches of 2-3 pinkish-white eggs with brown or purple speckles. Māori revered the fernbird as an ""oracle"" or ""wise bird"" (""Manu tohu""). The calls of the bird were interpreted as heralding success or failure in daily activities such as fishing but on a more serious level could also portend prosperity and health or disaster and death. New Zealand fernbird The New Zealand fernbird or simply fernbird (""Poodytes punctatus"") is an insectivorous bird endemic to New Zealand. The Māori"
"large number of flightless birds, including the kiwi, the weka, the moa (now extinct), and the kakapo. Because of the lack of predators even the bats spend most of their time on the ground. There are also about 60 species of lizard (30 each of gecko and skink), four species of frog (all rare and endangered) and the tuatara (reptiles resembling lizards but with a distinct lineage). Some butterflies of New Zealand are endemic, while many species have been introduced and some species of butterflies periodically migrate to New Zealand. The Australian painted lady has been known to migrate from"
"Zealand, individuals from 19 species of native birds and 13 species of introduced birds have been found dead after aerial 1080 drops. Most of these recorded bird deaths were associated with only four operations in the 1970s that used poor-quality carrot baits with many small fragments. On the other hand, many native New Zealand bird populations have been successfully protected by reducing predator numbers through aerial 1080 operations. Blue duck, New Zealand pigeon, kiwi, New Zealand kaka, New Zealand falcon, tomtit, South Island robin, North Island robin, New Zealand parakeets (kākāriki), and yellowhead (mōhua) have all responded well to pest"
"birds include the Australasian bittern, spotless crake and fernbird. Coastal birds include the New Zealand dotterel, blue reef heron and variable oystercatcher. Tāwharanui Marine Reserve was established in 2011. The marine reserve replaces the Tawharanui Marine Park, which was established in 1981 as New Zealand's first Marine Protected Area. It covers approximately 395 hectares, from Mean High Water Mark out to half a nautical mile into the sea, along three kilometres of the coastline. Regulations administered by the Ministry of Fisheries prohibit the taking of any marine life. The diverse coastline contains a range of subtidal habitats, including reefs with"
"country include the Australian magpie, Australian raven, the pied currawong, crested pigeons and the laughing kookaburra. The koala, emu, platypus and kangaroo are national animals of Australia, and the Tasmanian devil is also one of the well-known animals in the country. The goanna is a predatory lizard native to the Australian mainland. The birds of New Zealand evolved into an avifauna that included a large number of endemic species. As an island archipelago New Zealand accumulated bird diversity and when Captain James Cook arrived in the 1770s he noted that the bird song was deafening. The mix includes species with"
"of New Zealand are rare or have died out. In 1997, the island was declared rat-free, following an eradication programme, and extirpated birds have been reintroduced to the island. The birds include the South Island saddleback (tieke), yellowhead (mohua) and Stewart Island robin. Other birds on the island that are rare on the mainland include the Stewart Island subspecies of southern brown kiwi (tokoeka), rifleman (Tītitipounamu), yellow-crowned and red-fronted parakeet, and South Island kākā or forest parrot, as well as several other species. The endangered yellow-eyed penguin uses the island for breeding sites. Occasionally rats make their way to the"
"number, with some teetering on extinction. Traditionally pacific rats (""Rattus exulans""), Norway rats (""Rattus norveigucus""), ship rats (""Rattus rattus"") cats, ferrets, stoats, and weasels were all considered to be the main culprits in the decline of native species of New Zealand birds, reptiles and insects. More recent information adds hedgehogs and mice to the list. These species have been introduced for a variety of reasons and some inadvertently. The effect remains the same: they have all contributed to the decline of native animals. Possums and deer did the same for the forest. However, New Zealand also includes many offshore islands,"
"Kākāriki The three species of kākāriki (also spelled ""kakariki"", without the macrons) or New Zealand parakeets are the most common species of parakeets in the genus ""Cyanoramphus"", family Psittacidae. The birds' Māori name, which is the most commonly used, means ""small parrot"". The etymology is: from ""kākā"", parrot + ""riki"", small. The word is also used to refer to the colour green because of the birds' predominantly green plumage. The patches of red on the birds' rumps are, according to legend, the blood of the demigod Tāwhaki. The three species on mainland New Zealand are the yellow-crowned parakeet (""Cyanoramphus auriceps""),"
"National colours of New Zealand National colours of New Zealand orders include black, white or silver, and red ochre. The national flag of New Zealand is predominantly dark blue and represents the sea and sky. In the top left corner is the union flag with the colours red and white. The Union flag represents the settlement of New Zealand by mainly British people after New Zealand became a British colony in 1840. The four stars on the flag are red with white outlines. The flag is flown from government buildings and schools and on days of national importance such as"
"to kill feral carnivores, as the compound is naturally occurring in Western Australian flora and the native herbivores and their native predators are immune. New Zealand's flora and fauna evolved for 80 million years with moa being the primary browsing animals and no predatory mammals. Consequently, the native birds, insects, and flora have developed no natural defence mechanisms against introduced animals such as possums, rats, mustelids and feral cats. These exotic species have become ecological pests, and their presence has had a disastrous effect on the populations of many endemic species, including the national symbol, the kiwi bird. Populations of"
"New Zealand national rugby league team The New Zealand national rugby league team (Māori: Tīma rīki motu Aotearoa) has represented New Zealand in rugby league since 1907. Administered by the New Zealand Rugby League, they are commonly known as the Kiwis, after the native bird of that name. The team's colour's are majority black with white and the players perform a haka before every match they play as a challenge to their opponents. The New Zealand Kiwis are currently second in the RLIF World Rankings. Since the 1980s, most New Zealand representatives have been based overseas, in the professional National"
"New Zealand, Lord Galway. On 16 November 1938, by an exercise of the Royal prerogative, the New Zealand Civil Air Ensign was instituted. Thereafter it was ""recognised as the proper national colours to be flown by British aircraft registered in New Zealand"" The ensign may be flown at aerodromes in New Zealand, on any New Zealand aircraft and from the principal offices of airlines which own New Zealand aircraft. Additionally, the Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand may fly the ensign from its buildings or aircraft. New Zealand Civil Air Ensign The New Zealand Civil Air Ensign is the flag"
"with mangroves, of which three species are probably partially reliant on them as juvenile nurseries. It seems unlikely that New Zealand mangroves are important as spawning grounds for coastal fish or as habitat for their larvae. While many species make extensive use of mangroves for roosting, feeding and breeding, no bird species is totally dependent on mangroves in New Zealand. The range of bird species that are found regularly in New Zealand mangroves includes several native species, such as banded rail, white-faced heron, harriers, kingfishers, welcome swallow and pükeko. This question has not been fully addressed in relation to New"
"New Zealand kaka The New Zealand kaka (Maori: kākā) (""Nestor meridionalis"") is a large species of parrot of the family Nestoridae found in native forests of New Zealand. Two subspecies are recognised. It is endangered and has disappeared from much of its former range. The New Zealand kaka was described by German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin in 1788. There are two subspecies, the North Island kaka, ""Nestor meridionalis septentrionalis"", and the South Island kaka, ""N. m. meridionalis,"" although more recent research has ruled out allopatric subspeciation. The Māori language name kākā means ""parrot"", possibly related to ""kā"", 'to screech'. The"