"Simian The simians (infraorder Simiiformes) are monkeys and apes, cladistically including: the New World monkeys or platyrrhines, and the catarrhine clade consisting of the Old World monkeys and apes (including humans). The simian is sister to the tarsiers, together forming the haplorhines. The radiation occurred about 60 million years ago (during the Cenozoic era). Forty million years ago, simians from Africa colonized South America, giving rise to the New World monkeys. The remaining simians (catarrhines) split 25 million years ago into apes and Old World monkeys. In earlier classification, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, and humans—collectively known as"
"Sisimito A bigfoot-like creature in Central and South American folkore In Belizean and Honduras folklore, the Sisimito (may also be spelt ""Sisimite"" or ""Sisimita"") or Itacayo is a bipedal upright gorilla-like creature that possesses a head much like a human's with long hair or fur covering its body. It is may also referred to as """"the Mexican bigfoot"""". It is also known in other neighbouring countries such as Guatemala, Nicaragua and southern Mexico. The Sisimite is a humanoid creature, with black or dark brown fur, much larger than an average person, four fingers on each hand but no thumbs, ape-like"
"Simocyon Simocyon (“short-snouted dog”) is a genus of extinct carnivoran mammal in the family Ailuridae. ""Simocyon"", which was about the size of a mountain lion, lived in the late Miocene and early Pliocene epochs, and has been found in Europe, Asia, and, rarely, North America (Peigné et al., 2005) and Africa. The relationship of ""Simocyon"" to other carnivores has been controversial, but studies of the structure of its ear, teeth, and ankle now indicate that its closest living relative is the red panda, ""Ailurus"" (Wang, 1997; Peigné et al., 2005), although it is different enough to be classified in a"
"time range were tremarctine bears, nimravid cats, and early canids. Simocyon Simocyon (“short-snouted dog”) is a genus of extinct carnivoran mammal in the family Ailuridae. ""Simocyon"", which was about the size of a mountain lion, lived in the late Miocene and early Pliocene epochs, and has been found in Europe, Asia, and, rarely, North America (Peigné et al., 2005) and Africa. The relationship of ""Simocyon"" to other carnivores has been controversial, but studies of the structure of its ear, teeth, and ankle now indicate that its closest living relative is the red panda, ""Ailurus"" (Wang, 1997; Peigné et al., 2005),"
"simian) as a closely related azibiid. Additional fossil teeth and the maxilla (upper jaw) of both genera discovered between 2003 and 2009 helped demonstrate their relationship. Based on the same fossil finds, ""Tabelia""—which was also considered to be one of the oldest known simians along with ""Algeripithecus""—is also now considered to be a synonym of ""Azibius"". Also, the third and fourth lower premolars (P and P) distinguish azibiids from carpolestids, while the upper fourth premoloar (P) matches what was thought to be the second upper molar (M) of ""Dralestes hammadaensis"", another suspected plesiadapiform or genus of azibiid. Specimens of ""Dralestes"""
"Zoophyte A zoophyte is an animal that visually resembles a plant. An example is a sea anemone. The name is obsolete in modern science. Zoophytes are common in medieval and renaissance era herbals, notable examples including the Tartar Lamb, a plant which grew sheep as fruit. Zoophytes appeared in many influential early medical texts, such as Dioscorides's ""De Materia Medica"" and subsequent adaptations and commentaries on that work, notably Mattioli's ""Discorsi"". Zoophytes are frequently seen as medieval attempts to explain the origins of exotic, unknown plants with strange properties (such as cotton, in the case of the Tartar Lamb). Reports"
"Chimera (mythology) The Chimera ( or , also Chimaera (""Chimæra""); Greek: , ""Chímaira"" ""she-goat"") was, according to Greek mythology, a monstrous fire-breathing hybrid creature of Lycia in Asia Minor, composed of the parts of more than one animal. It is usually depicted as a lion, with the head of a goat arising from its back, and a tail that might end with a snake's head, and was one of the offspring of Typhon and Echidna and a sibling of such monsters as Cerberus and the Lernaean Hydra. The term ""chimera"" has come to describe any mythical or fictional animal with"
"simian physique, his intellect had stabilized and returned to his previous genius-level, and his strength had increased to superhuman proportions. Beast's fangs and claws became a consistent part of his appearance after this return to his ""blue and furry"" form. After being critically wounded, Hank's body undergoes a secondary mutation, jump started by Sage. The result is a more feline appearance equivalent to that of a big cat. His strength, speed, stamina, sturdiness, and senses increase further with this change. He gains cat-like agility, flexibility, coordination, and balance, and all his senses are enhanced to twenty times that of a"
"Gajasimha The gajasimha or gajasiha (from / ) is a mythical hybrid animal in Hindu mythology, appearing as a ""sinha"" or ""rajasiha"" (mythical lion) with the head or trunk of an elephant. It is found as a motif in Indian and Sinhalese art, and is used as a heraldic symbol in some Southeast Asian countries, especially Cambodia and Thailand. In Siam (pre-modern Thailand), the ""gajasimha"" served as the symbol of the ""kalahom"", one of the king's two chief chancellors. It appears as a supporter in the coat of arms of Siam, in use from 1873 to 1910, and the royal"
"member""]."" The ""Bencao gangmu"" subsumes ""mengsong"" under the ""guoran"" ""monkey"" entry (tr. Luo 2003: 4127): ""Mengsong is also called Menggui. It is small Guoran. Purple and black, it is found in Jiaozhi. It is raised in houses. It catches mice even better than a cat or a leopard."" The simians (higher primates) include two families of Old World monkeys (""Cercopithecidae"") and lesser apes or gibbons (""Hylobatidae"", lit. ""wood walkers""), listed with modern Chinese nomenclature: The Monkey is the ninth of the twelve-year animal cycle in the ""Chinese zodiac"". The Year of the Monkey is associated with ninth Earthly Branch symbol"
"Eastern cultures such as Ancient China fungi were classified as plants in the Traditional Chinese Medicine texts, and cordyceps, and in particular ""Ophiocordyceps sinensis"" were considered zoophytes. Zoophyte A zoophyte is an animal that visually resembles a plant. An example is a sea anemone. The name is obsolete in modern science. Zoophytes are common in medieval and renaissance era herbals, notable examples including the Tartar Lamb, a plant which grew sheep as fruit. Zoophytes appeared in many influential early medical texts, such as Dioscorides's ""De Materia Medica"" and subsequent adaptations and commentaries on that work, notably Mattioli's ""Discorsi"". Zoophytes are"
"Simians (Chinese poetry) Simians of various sorts (including the monkey, gibbon, and other primates of real or mythological nature) are an important motif in Chinese poetry. Examples of simian imagery have an important place in Chinese poetry ranging from the ""Chu Ci"" poets through poets such as Li Bai, Wang Wei, Du Fu, and more. Various poetic concepts could be communicated by the inclusion of simian imagery in a poem, and the use of simian allusions can help provide key insights into the poems. Various types of primates are native to the area of what is now known as ""China"","
"apes, and humans, but are not within the two major extant groups of simian, the catarrhini and platyrrhini. Most scholars place them in the simians (e.g. Chaimanee et al 2000a, Marivaux et al 2003, Jaeger et al 2004, Beard et al 2007, Bajpal et al 2008, Rose et al 2009). However, some scholars (such as Ciochon, Holdroyd and Gunnell) suggest that their similarities to simians is the result of convergent evolution and that they should instead be considered Adapiformes. According to Beard et al (2009) Siamopithecus is the most basal form of Amphipithecid. They vary in size from 6–7 kg"
"Simosaurus Simosaurus is an extinct genus of marine reptile within the superorder Sauropterygia from the Middle Triassic of central Europe. Fossils have been found in deposits in France and Germany that are roughly 230 million years old. It is usually classified as a nothosaur, but has also been considered a pachypleurosaur or a more primitive form of sauropterygian. ""Simosaurus"" grew from in length. It has a blunt, flattened head and large openings behind its eyes called upper temporal fossae. These fossae are larger than the eye sockets but not as big as those of other nothosaurs. ""Simosaurus"" also differs from"
"depicted in the most beautiful words and phrases; and, nature poetry also developed as a major independent genre. Many mythological simians were also alleged to exist in medieval China. Some of their taxonomical descriptions defy modern zoology, and even some of the more wild speculations of cryptozoology. Often these mythological simians have features of birds, humans, or other creatures. Examples include the xiao, shanxiao, and xiaoyang. Various vocabulary terms for simians are encountered in Chinese poetry. Besides a certain pre-modern lack of modern bioscientific taxonomic precision, records of Chinese language usage in references to various simian species show evidence of"
"among them being various genetic groups, which although distinguished by modern biology into distinct family, genus, and species, are not so clearly defined either by traditional Chinese language usage, nor by common usage within the modern English vocabulary. The gibbon type of simian was widespread in Central and Southern China, until at least the Song Dynasty; later deforestation and other habitat reduction severely curtailed their range. The macaque has the greatest range of any primate other than humans. Scientifically, humans do fall under the category of simians, and sometimes humans may be the subject of a literary reference to ""simians""."
"the name. The simurgh is depicted in Iranian art as a winged creature in the shape of a bird, gigantic enough to carry off an elephant or a whale. It appears as a peacock with the head of a dog and the claws of a lion – sometimes, however, also with a human face. The simurgh is inherently benevolent and unambiguously female. Being part mammal, she suckles her young. The simurgh has teeth. It has an enmity towards snakes, and its natural habitat is a place with plenty of water. Its feathers are said to be the colour of copper,"
"to small ground animals. From these investigations and that of sequence similarity, an ortholog space can be discussed. The closest relatives to humans with the SMIM23 gene were in primates so two types of monkeys were picked which diverged around 29.4 million years ago and had sequence similarities in the high 70s. Slightly more distant relatives with the gene come from a wide variety of animals from horses, to sea mammals, to bats, and more which all have similarities between 62-69%. Lastly, some distantly related orthologs were included like the Tasmanian devil and various scavenger animals which have similarities between"
"their spores dispersed by insects by smelling like carrion. In protective mimicry, the meeting between mimic and dupe is not such a fortuitous occasion for the mimic, and the signals it mimics tend to lower the probability of such an encounter. A case somewhat similar to Batesian mimicry is that of mimetic weeds, which imitate agricultural crops. In weed or Vavilovian mimicry, the weed survives by having seeds which winnowing machinery identifies as belonging to the crop. Vavilovian mimicry is not Batesian, because man and crop are not enemies. By contrast, a leaf-mimicking plant, the chameleon vine, employs Batesian mimicry"
"all free-living animal species are hosts to parasites, often of more than one species. Mimicry is a form of symbiosis in which a species adopts distinct characteristics of another species to alter its relationship dynamic with the species being mimicked, to its own advantage. Among the many types of mimicry are Batesian and Müllerian, the first involving one-sided exploitation, the second providing mutual benefit. Batesian mimicry is an exploitative three-party interaction where one species, the mimic, has evolved to mimic another, the model, to deceive a third, the dupe. In terms of signalling theory, the mimic and model have evolved"
"such as a grasshopper that looks like a stone, a sea horse that looks like sea weed, a leaf insect, a green snake, a stick insect, and a collection of butterflies that look like dead leaves when their wings are closed. Dawkins notes that many animals share similar types of camouflage or protection because of a process called convergent evolution. Examples of such designoid objects include the hedgehog and the spiny anteater (both of which evolved pointed spines along their back) and the marsupial wolf (which looks like a dog but is actually a marsupial). He illustrates the reason why"
"or protective mimicry takes place when organisms are able to avoid harmful encounters by deceiving enemies into treating them as something else. The first three such cases discussed here entail mimicry of animals protected by warning coloration: The fourth case, Vavilovian mimicry, where weeds resemble crops, involves humans as the agent of selection. In Batesian mimicry the mimic shares signals similar to the model, but does not have the attribute that makes it unprofitable to predators (e.g., unpalatability). In other words, a Batesian mimic is a sheep in wolf's clothing. It is named after Henry Walter Bates, an English naturalist"
"the animal which the person most resembles in character. Dæmons are usually of the opposite sex to their human, though same-sex dæmons do exist. Although dæmons mimic the appearance and behaviour of the animals they resemble perfectly, dæmons are not true animals, and humans, other dæmons, and true animals are able to distinguish them on sight. The faculty or quality that makes this possible is not explained in the books, but it is demonstrated extensively, and is reliable enough to allow humans to distinguish a bird-shaped dæmon within a flock of birds in flight. Dæmons frequently interact with each other"
"was a relatively shy, nocturnal creature with the general appearance of a medium-to-large-size dog, except for its stiff tail and abdominal pouch (similar to a kangaroo) and dark transverse stripes that radiated from the top of its back, reminiscent of a tiger. The thylacine was an apex predator, like the tigers and wolves of the Northern Hemisphere from which it obtained two of its common names. As a marsupial, it was not closely related to these placental mammals, but because of convergent evolution it displayed a similar general form and adaptations. Its closest living relative is thought to be either"
"Hemicyon Hemicyon, the so-called ""dog-bear"" (literally ""half dog"", from Greek (half) + (dog)), is an extinct genus of the family Hemicyonidae, which probably originated in Eurasia but was found in Europe, Asia and North America during the Miocene epoch (), existing for approximately . ""Hemicyon"" was about long, and tall, with somewhat tiger-like proportions and dog-like teeth. ""Hemicyon"" is widely accepted to have been hypercarnivorous and highly predaceous. Unlike modern bears, ""Hemicyon"" walked on its toes, that is, it was not plantigrade, but digitigrade, with long metapodials. This suggests that ""Hemicyon"" must have been an active hunter and a good"
"arms of Cambodia, officially adopted in 1993. Gajasimha The gajasimha or gajasiha (from / ) is a mythical hybrid animal in Hindu mythology, appearing as a ""sinha"" or ""rajasiha"" (mythical lion) with the head or trunk of an elephant. It is found as a motif in Indian and Sinhalese art, and is used as a heraldic symbol in some Southeast Asian countries, especially Cambodia and Thailand. In Siam (pre-modern Thailand), the ""gajasimha"" served as the symbol of the ""kalahom"", one of the king's two chief chancellors. It appears as a supporter in the coat of arms of Siam, in use"
"Seymouria Seymouria was a reptile-like tetrapod from the early Permian of North America and Europe (approximately 280 to 270 million years ago). It was small, only 2 ft (60 cm) long. ""Seymouria"" was well adapted to life on land, with many reptilian features—so many, in fact, that it was first thought to be a primitive reptile. The dry climate of the Permian suited creatures like reptiles better than amphibians and other thin-skinned tetrapods, but ""Seymouria"" had many reptilian features that helped it in this harsh environment. It had long and muscular legs, and may have had dry skin and the"
"fish, heads of fish looking like sharks are depicted sideways, and there are salmon jumping above the sea surface. On later engravings there is the suggestion of a wooden fence, but since the inner outlines resemble fish and land animals are lacking the possibility of a fishpound has been considered. Most of the land animals are shown in a side view, which can best express the shape of four-limbed land animals. Some species can be classified according to the shape of body, skin patterns, the length of tail and legs, and the shoulder line. These include sika deer, red deer,"
"Sin-you The ""Sin-you"" (Jap. 神羊, shin'yō, also called Hiai Chai, Chiai Tung, or Kai Tsi) is a mythical creature known throughout various East Asian cultures. The appearance of the Sin-you is similar to that of a Qilin, but more feral and imposing. It is a large quadruped with a feline or ovine body, a shaggy mane, and is either depicted with hooves or feline paws (the latter often to stress its difference from the Qilin). In has a single, unbranching horn in the center of its head, like a western unicorn. The Sin-you’s eyes are said to be very intense"
"land. The echidnas are named after Echidna, a creature from Greek mythology who was half-woman, half-snake, as the animal was perceived to have qualities of both mammals and reptiles. Echidnas are medium-sized, solitary mammals covered with coarse hair and spines. Superficially, they resemble the anteaters of South America and other spiny mammals such as hedgehogs and porcupines. They are usually black or brown in colour. There have been several reports of albino echidnas, their eyes pink and their spines white. They have elongated and slender snouts that function as both mouth and nose. Like the platypus, they are equipped with"
"potential predators, but the mimic octopus is the first known species to mimic more than one other species, and the first of its kind to possess the ability of mimicry. It is not known how many animals the mimic octopus can imitate, but it is known that most of the animals that it mimics are poisonous. Some of the more common animals the mimic octopus imitates are the following: Lion fish – a venomous fish with brown and white stripes, and spines that trail behind it on all sides. When the octopus changes its color and shapes its eight legs"
"Hippopotamus The common hippopotamus (""Hippopotamus amphibius""), or hippo, is a large, mostly herbivorous, semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa, and one of only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae, the other being the pygmy hippopotamus (""Choeropsis liberiensis"" or ""Hexaprotodon liberiensis""). The name comes from the ancient Greek for ""river horse"" (). After the elephant and rhinoceros, the common hippopotamus is the third-largest type of land mammal and the heaviest extant artiodactyl. Despite their physical resemblance to pigs and other terrestrial even-toed ungulates, the closest living relatives of the Hippopotamidae are cetaceans (whales, dolphins, porpoises, etc.) from which they diverged"
"the planet Lusitania. The planet is home to a sentient species of mammalian forest dwellers that largely resemble pigs. The colonists (who primarily speak Portuguese) dub them ""Pequeninos"" (Portuguese for little ones) but they are often referred to as ""the piggies"" due to their physical resemblance to earth swine. The Pequeninos prove to be of great interest to xenobiologists and due to the fact that humans had previously wiped out the only sentient species they'd encountered (the formics), special care is taken to ensure no similar mistakes are made with the Pequeninos. The colony is strictly regulated to allow only"