"coincide with the completion of the Flavian Amphitheatre. The bulk of the Flavian construction projects were carried out during the reign of Domitian, who spent lavishly to restore and embellish the city of Rome. Much more than a renovation project, however, Domitian's building programme was intended to be the crowning achievement of an Empire-wide cultural renaissance. Around fifty structures were erected, restored or completed, a number second only to the amount erected under Augustus. Among the most important new structures were an Odeum, a Stadium, and an expansive palace on the Palatine Hill, known as the Flavian Palace, which was"
"Flavian Palace The Flavian Palace, normally known as the Domus Flavia, is part of the vast residential complex of the Palace of Domitian on the Palatine Hill in Rome. It was completed in 92 AD by Emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus, and attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. The term Domus Flavia is a modern designation used to describe the northwestern section of the Palace where the bulk of the large public rooms for entertaining and ceremony are concentrated. It is interconnected with the domestic wing to the southeast, the Domus Augustana, which descends from the summit of the Palatine down"
"the amphitheatre was named in Latin for its association with their family name ""(Flavius)"". The Colosseum could hold, it is estimated, between 50,000 and 80,000 spectators, having an average audience of some 65,000; it was used for gladiatorial contests and public spectacles such as mock sea battles (for only a short time as the ""hypogeum"" was soon filled in with mechanisms to support the other activities), animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, and dramas based on Classical mythology. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for such purposes as"
"AD, Vespasian built a new, much larger stone amphitheatre in Rome. This was the ""Amphitheatrum Flavium"", today known as the Colosseum. Amphitheater of Statilius Taurus The Amphitheatre of Statilius Taurus () was an amphitheatre in ancient Rome. The amphitheatre was inaugurated in 29 BC. Earlier arenas were temporary structures that were disassembled after the event. The amphitheatre was built by Titus Statilius Taurus, who paid for it from his own resources. Statilius Taurus was a successful general and politician in the time of emperor Augustus and had gathered much wealth during his career. For the inauguration he also paid for"
"as the amphitheatre, which became the characteristic Roman spectacle venue, and stadium. Greek-style athletics included footraces, boxing, wrestling, and the pancratium. Aquatic displays, such as the mock sea battle ""(naumachia)"" and a form of ""water ballet"", were presented in engineered pools. State-supported theatrical events ""(ludi scaenici)"" took place on temple steps or in grand stone theatres, or in the smaller enclosed theatre called an ""odeum"". Circuses were the largest structure regularly built in the Roman world, though the Greeks had their own architectural traditions for the similarly purposed hippodrome. The Flavian Amphitheatre, better known as the Colosseum, became the regular"
"temple of Vespasian and Titus, the ""Porticus Diuorum"", and the Temple of the gens Flavia. Flavian Palace The Flavian Palace, normally known as the Domus Flavia, is part of the vast residential complex of the Palace of Domitian on the Palatine Hill in Rome. It was completed in 92 AD by Emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus, and attributed to his master architect, Rabirius. The term Domus Flavia is a modern designation used to describe the northwestern section of the Palace where the bulk of the large public rooms for entertaining and ceremony are concentrated. It is interconnected with the domestic wing"
"is famous for its Roman amphitheatre, the Arena, found in the city's largest piazza, the Piazza Bra. Completed around 30 AD, it is the third largest in Italy after Rome's Colosseum and the arena at Capua. It measures 139 metres long and 110 metres wide, and could seat some 25,000 spectators in its 44 tiers of marble seats. The ""ludi"" (shows and gladiator games) performed within its walls were so famous that they attracted spectators from far beyond the city. The current two-story façade is actually the internal support for the tiers; only a fragment of the original outer perimeter"
"in 64 AD, Vespasian began its replacement, later known as the Amphitheatrum Flavium (Colosseum), which seated 50,000 spectators and would remain the largest in the Empire. It was inaugurated by Titus in 80 AD as the personal gift of the Emperor to the people of Rome, paid for by the imperial share of booty after the Jewish Revolt. Amphitheatres were usually oval in plan. Their seating tiers surrounded the arena below, where the community's judgments were meted out, in full public view. From across the stands, crowd and ""editor"" could assess each other's character and temperament. For the crowd, amphitheatres"
"and the amphitheatre of Flavius, known as the Colosseum and still occasionally used for theatrical performances and concerts. The main modern theatres are: the Teatro dell'Opera, the Teatro Argentina, the Teatro Sistina, the Teatro Eliseo, the Teatro Valle, the Teatro Quirino, the Sala Umberto, the Colosseum and the Teatro Brancaccio. The largest Roman fountains are the monumental ones, most of which were built by Popes in the early modern age: the Trevi Fountain, the Fontana dell'Felice Acqua (or ""the Moses""), the Quattro Fontane, the Fountain Barcaccia, the Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi, the Fontana del Nettuno and the Fontana delle Naiadi"
"that his brother Domitian was plotting against him but refused to have him killed or banished. Construction of the Flavian Amphitheatre, presently better known as the Colosseum, was begun in 70 under Vespasian and finally completed in 80 under Titus. In addition to providing spectacular entertainments to the Roman populace, the building was also conceived as a gigantic triumphal monument to commemorate the military achievements of the Flavians during the Jewish wars. The inaugural games lasted for a hundred days and were said to be extremely elaborate, including gladiatorial combat, fights between wild animals (elephants and cranes), mock naval battles"
"rock and decapitating some of the larger and smaller figures, after they recognised him by his sneakers. Piazza Navona Piazza Navona () is a square in Rome, Italy. It is built on the site of the Stadium of Domitian, built in the 1st century AD, and follows the form of the open space of the stadium. The ancient Romans went there to watch the ""agones"" (""games""), and hence it was known as """"Circus Agonalis"""" (""competition arena""). It is believed that over time the name changed to ""in avone"" to ""navone"" and eventually to ""navona"". Defined as a public space in"
"cages up to the arena floor. In 305, the arena was the setting for the persecutions of the patron of Pozzuoli, Saint Proculus, and the patron saint of Naples, Saint Januarius. After surviving being thrown to the wild beasts in the arena, the two were beheaded at the nearby Solfatara. The elliptical structure measures 147 x 117 meters (482 x 384 feet), with the arena floor measuring 72.22 x 42.33 meters (237 x 139 feet). The Flavian Amphitheater is the second of two Roman amphitheaters built in Pozzuoli. The smaller and older amphitheater (""Anfiteatro minore"") has been almost totally destroyed"
"was repaired and the cupola repainted by Giulio Rolland, who depicted a ""Roman Triumph"". The atrium was decorated by Antonino Calcagnadoro with allegorical theatrical figures. Guglielmo Ballester depicted an ""Allegory of Music"". Major restoration works took place from 2005 until 2009. The structure, known for its good acoustics, is still active in presenting performances. Teatro Flavio Vespasiano The Teatro Flavio Vespasiano is a theater and opera house in Rieti, a city in the Lazio region of Italy. Planning for the theatre began in the early 19th century, but construction did begin until 1883. Named after the Roman emperor Vespasian who"
"Roman theater (Amman) Amman's Roman Theatre is a 6,000-seat, 2nd-century Roman theatre. A famous landmark in the Jordanian capital, it dates back to the Roman period when the city was known as Philadelphia. The theatre and the nearby Odeon are flanking the new Hashemite Plaza from the south and the east respectively, while the Roman Nymphaeum is just a short stroll away in south-westerly direction. The theatre was built during the reign of Antonius Pius (138-161 CE). The large and steeply raked structure could seat about 6,000 people: built into the hillside, it was oriented north to keep the sun"
"in three horizontal sections, corresponding to the social class of the spectators: Similarly the front row was called the prima cavea and the last row was called the cavea ultima. The ""cavea"" was further divided vertically into ""cunei"". A ""cuneus"" (Latin for wedge; plural, ""cunei"") was a wedge-shaped division separated by the ""scalae"" or stairways. The arched entrances both at the arena level and within the cavea are called the vomitoria (Latin ""to spew forth""; singular, vomitorium) and were designed to allow rapid dispersal of large crowds. It is uncertain when and where the first amphitheatres were built. There are"
"Stadium of Domitian The Stadium of Domitian (), also known as the ""Circus Agonalis"", was located to the north of the Campus Martius in Rome, Italy. The Stadium was commissioned around AD 80 by the Emperor Titus Flavius Domitianus as a gift to the people of Rome, and was used mostly for athletic contests. The Stadium of Domitian was dedicated in AD 86, as part of an Imperial building programme at the Field of Mars, following the damage or destruction of most of its buildings by fire in AD 79. It was Rome's first permanent venue for competitive athletics. It"
"the Roman city of Pompeii, and was buried by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD, that also buried Pompeii itself and the neighboring town of Herculaneum. It is also the oldest surviving Roman amphitheatre built with stone. The second-largest Roman amphitheatre was the Faleria, built 43 A.D. It was located in Picenum (now Falerone), Italy. Its building dimensions were 178.8 × 106.2 meters, and it had an arena shaped like an ellipse. It had twelve entrances, four of which led to the arena and had eight rows of seats divided into three sections. Only the outside wall of the"
"Amphitheatrum Castrense The Amphitheatrum Castrense is a Roman amphitheatre in Rome, next to the church of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme. It is the third ancient amphitheatre of Rome after the Colosseum and the Theater of Marcellus. Both the Amphiteatrum and the Circus Varianus were part of the palatial villa known as the Sessorium. The Regionary Catalogues name it as the ""Amphitheatrum Castrense"" which could mean it was an amphiteathre connected to an imperial residence, which was not uncommon. The amphitheatre is dated to the first decades of the 3rd century AD by the style of the bricks and the absence"
"central one larger than the others. The entrances in the ""sphendone"" at the east led to the theatre nearby. On the ""sphendone"" at the south side there were residential rooms and facilities for athletes and spectators (inns, shops, lodgings etc.) Locals call this stadium ""to karavi"", meaning 'the ship', which of course relates to the structure's shape. Archaeological investigations are still regularly undertaken in and around the stadium today. Actia In Ancient Roman religious tradition, Actia (Greek: "")"" was a festival of Apollo, celebrated at Nicopolis in Epirus, with wrestling, musical contests, horse racing, and sea battles. It was reestablished"
"Piazza Navona Piazza Navona () is a square in Rome, Italy. It is built on the site of the Stadium of Domitian, built in the 1st century AD, and follows the form of the open space of the stadium. The ancient Romans went there to watch the ""agones"" (""games""), and hence it was known as """"Circus Agonalis"""" (""competition arena""). It is believed that over time the name changed to ""in avone"" to ""navone"" and eventually to ""navona"". Defined as a public space in the last years of 15th century, when the city market was transferred there from the Campidoglio, Piazza"
"Temple of Apollo Sosianus The Temple of Apollo Sosianus (previously known as the Apollinar and the temple of Apollo Medicus) is a Roman temple dedicated to Apollo in the Campus Martius, next to the Theatre of Marcellus and the Porticus Octaviae, in Rome, Italy. Its present name derives from that of its final rebuilder, Gaius Sosius. The ""Apollinar"" and its successors can closely be linked to the site next to the theatre due to Ascanius's reference to it being ""outside the porta Carmentalis between the Forum Holitorium and the Circus Flaminius"", Livy's placing it in the ""prata Flaminia"" (Flaminian meadows,"
"venue for cultural activities including the Amman International Book Fair, the Amman Marathon prize ceremony, and musical concerts, most notably the Al-Balad Music Festival. Roman theater (Amman) Amman's Roman Theatre is a 6,000-seat, 2nd-century Roman theatre. A famous landmark in the Jordanian capital, it dates back to the Roman period when the city was known as Philadelphia. The theatre and the nearby Odeon are flanking the new Hashemite Plaza from the south and the east respectively, while the Roman Nymphaeum is just a short stroll away in south-westerly direction. The theatre was built during the reign of Antonius Pius (138-161"
"Stadio Flaminio The Stadio Flaminio is a stadium in Rome. It lies along the Via Flaminia, three kilometres northwest of the city centre, 300 metres away from the Parco di Villa Glori. The interior spaces include a covered swimming pool, rooms for fencing, amateur wrestling, weightlifting, boxing and gymnastics. Pier Luigi Nervi designed the Flaminio Stadium with his son, the architect Antonio Nervi, between 1957 and 1958. The structure was built for the XVII Olympic Games in Rome (1960) and inaugurated in 1959. The Stadio Flaminio was built on the site of the previous Stadio Nazionale PNF. It was mostly"
"""Ludi Plebeii"" (Plebeian Games) were held there. In 2 BC, the circus was flooded for the slaughter of 36 crocodiles to commemorate the building of the Forum of Augustus. The Circus Flaminius was also used as a market. Assemblies were often held within it. In 9 BC, it was the venue when Augustus delivered the ""Laudatio"" of Drusus. The buildings remained in use until the end of the fourth century, when the area was finally abandoned. Circus Flaminius The Circus Flaminius was a large, circular area in ancient Rome, located in the southern end of the Campus Martius near the"
"emperor Trajan in the early second century C.E. According to Claridge, under Trajan the seating area and ground level were elevated while the arena level remaining in tact. We also know of half of the plan from a fragment that has survived from the Severan Marble Plan (early third century C.E.), although breakage and erosion has led decreased its informative value. There were also great doubts about where it was located in the general topography of ancient Rome, so that it can now be related to a building in Piazza Iside, still visible. Ludus Magnus The Ludus Magnus (also known"
"Roman amphiteatre. The Italians have long used a different and humorous expansion of this acronym, """"Sono Pazzi Questi Romani"""" (literally: ""They're crazy, these Romans""). In the Asterix and Obelix comics, Obelix often uses the French translation of this phrase, """"Ils sont fous ces Romains"""", and in the Italian editions, the original phrase is used. In the cover of the Spanish Mort & Phil comic album """", Mort is carried on a litter as a Roman emperor, while his partner Phil holds a Roman standard topped by an umbrella with the ""tituli"" SPOR and SI LLUEVE (a pun, since ""Es por"
"glyph at the top. In addition, the Colosseum is elliptical (oval-shaped) in reality, but it was made circular for ""Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood"", since devising shadows for different sides of the buildings would have ""driven game designers nuts"". The iconic status of the Colosseum has led it to be featured in numerous films, such as ""Roman Holiday"", ""Demetrius and the Gladiators"", ""20 Million Miles to Earth"", ""Way of the Dragon"", ""Gladiator"" (in which it was re-created via CGI), """", ""The Core"", ""The Lizzie McGuire Movie"", ""Jumper"", and the animated movie """". Colosseum The Colosseum or Coliseum ( ), also known as"
"Roma, a newly formed team that would be one of Italy's two representatives in the Celtic League. However, it was later decided that Benetton Treviso would replace Praetorians. In 1989–90 season both Roma and Lazio played at Stadio Flaminio during the renovations of Stadio Olimpico. Stadio Flaminio was also the home of Atletico Roma F.C., an association football club who played in Lega Pro Prima Divisione, but were dissolved in 2011. Stadio Flaminio The Stadio Flaminio is a stadium in Rome. It lies along the Via Flaminia, three kilometres northwest of the city centre, 300 metres away from the Parco"
"Domus Severiana The Domus Severiana is the modern name given to the final extension to the imperial palaces on the Palatine Hill in Rome, built to the south-east of the Stadium Palatinum in the Domus Augustana of Septimius Severus. It included the Baths of Septimius Severus (Latin: ""Balneum Palatii""). All that remains of the building are the imposing brick substructures at the corner of the hill, which created an artificial platform at the same level as the palace of Domitian, extending it, since the emperors had run out of space on the hill. There are very few remains of the"
"the same venue. The word ""amphitheatrum"" means ""theatre all around"". Thus an amphitheatre is distinguished from the traditional semicircular Roman theatres by being circular or oval in shape. The Roman amphitheatre consists of three main parts; the cavea, the arena, and the vomitorium. The seating area is called the cavea (""enclosure""). Cavea is formed of concentric rows of stands which are either supported by arches built into the framework of the building, or simply dug out of the hillside or built up using excavated material extracted during the excavation of the fighting area (the ""arena)."" The cavea is traditionally organised"
"Roman Forum The Roman Forum, also known by its Latin name Forum Romanum (), is a rectangular forum (plaza) surrounded by the ruins of several important ancient government buildings at the center of the city of Rome. Citizens of the ancient city referred to this space, originally a marketplace, as the ', or simply the '. For centuries the Forum was the center of day-to-day life in Rome: the site of triumphal processions and elections; the venue for public speeches, criminal trials, and gladiatorial matches; and the nucleus of commercial affairs. Here statues and monuments commemorated the city's great men."
"of which is its 1st-century amphitheatre, which is among the six largest surviving Roman arenas in the world. and locally known as the Arena. This is one of the best preserved amphitheatres from antiquity and is still in use today during summer film festivals. During the World War II Italian fascist administration, there were attempts to dismantle the arena and move it to mainland Italy, which were quickly abandoned due to the costs involved. Two other notable and well-preserved ancient Roman structures are the 1st-century AD triumphal arch, the Arch of the Sergii and the co-eval Temple of Augustus, built"
"79 or 80. By 1 January 81 he had returned to Rome, where he welcomed the year as ordinary consul, with Lucius Asinius Pollio Verrucosus as his colleague. Silva commissioned an amphitheater to be built in Urbs Salvia after the year 81 AD. The amphitheater was used for gladiatorial contests and other entertainments. In 1957 a stone inscription was found at the amphitheater which described Silva's various posts - tresvir capitalis, tribune quality figures of the Legio IV Scythica, Quaestor, tribune Plebis and legatus legionis of the Legio XXI Rapax. The amphitheater is used to this day for annual drama"