"""learned nothing and forgotten nothing"". Known and Unknown: A Memoir Known and Unknown: A Memoir is an autobiographical book by Donald Rumsfeld, an American politician and businessman who served as Secretary of Defense from 1975 to 1977 and again from 2001 to 2006 (among many other positions). He published it through Penguin Group USA in February 2011. It covers a variety of his experiences such as working as a Republican in the U.S. House in the late-1960s, serving in the Ford Administration during the Watergate and Vietnam crises, and serving during the George W. Bush Administration through the Abu Ghraib"
"the book, the title, ""Known and Unknown,"" is a play on his famous remark in a February 12, 2002 press conference: Rumsfeld aide Keith Urbahn said pre-release on September 20, 2010, In the press conference when Rumsfeld first used the phrase, he was responding to a question by reporter Jim Miklaszewski about evidence of Iraq supplying terrorists with weapons of mass destruction. While some dismissed Rumsfeld statement as non-answer (compare Mu (negative))— not just an evasion or a misdirection, the statement has been quoted and dealt with in various blogs, books and scientific papers. Daase and Kessler (2007) agree with"
"Commission to Assess the Ballistic Missile Threat to the United States during the late 1990s. Kirk Borne, an astrophysicist who was employed as a data scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center at the time, noted in an April 2013 TED talk that he had used the phrase ""unknown unknowns"" in a talk to personnel at the Homeland Security Transition Planning Office a few days prior to Rumsfeld's remarks, and speculated that the term may have percolated up to Rumsfeld and other high-ranking officials in the defense department. The terms ""known unknowns"" and ""unknown unknowns"" are often used in project"
"found was known to some government departments very early on, but this information was not revealed to the public until after Bourgass's trial two years later, although in the interim it was cited as evidence for further terrorism laws, as well as featuring in US Secretary of State Colin Powell's 5 February 2003 speech to the UN to build the case for the 2003 invasion of Iraq, as part of the alleged Abu Musab al-Zarqawi global terrorist network. As late as February 2006, Chancellor Gordon Brown described it as a significant terrorism plot spanning 26 countries. On 30 June 2004,"
"of Defence in 2006 and 2007 on the subject of what the Ministry calls ""unexplained aerial phenomena"" including: ""To ask the Secretary of State for Defence whether his Department's unidentified flying objects project is extant; and if he will make a statement."" In the 2001–05 Parliament, Baker was a member of the Joint Committee on Human Rights, and was appointed as Shadow Environment Secretary in 2002, a post he held until his resignation in 2006 following the election of Sir Menzies Campbell as party leader. As Shadow Environment Secretary in May 2015, he joined with two former environment ministers, the"
"memoir, asserting that she was basically unfit for office. In 2011 she responded, saying that Rumsfeld ""doesn't know what he's talking about. The reader may imagine what can be correct about the conflicted matter."" In February 2011, Rumsfeld endorsed the repeal of the military's Don't Ask Don't Tell policy, saying that allowing gays and lesbians to openly serve ""is an idea whose time has come"". Rumsfeld was the subject of the 2013 Errol Morris documentary ""The Unknown Known"", the title a reference to his response to a question at a February 2002 press conference. In the film Rumsfeld ""discusses his"
"February 5, 2003, then Secretary of State Colin Powell addressed the U.N. Security Council on the issue of Iraq. Regarding Zarqawi, Powell stated that: Zarqawi recuperated in Baghdad after being wounded while fighting along with Taliban and al-Qaeda fighters in Afghanistan. According to the 2004 Senate Report of Pre-war Intelligence on Iraq, ""A foreign government service asserted that the IIS (Iraqi Intelligence Service) knew where al-Zarqawi was located despite Baghdad's claims that it could not find him."" The Senate Report on Prewar Intelligence also stated ""As indicated in Iraqi Support for Terrorism, the Iraqi regime was, at a minimum, aware"
"of the Terrorism Act 2000 with possessing documents likely to be useful in the commission of terrorist activity (this has been alleged to refer to a document titled ""bomb-making""). In early June 2014, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice Chris Grayling defended the order for secrecy, saying: ""If it is in the interests of justice for the judge to take a decision one way or the other, so be it, that's why we have them. That's why we trust the judges."" The home secretary, Theresa May, and the foreign secretary, William Hague, had both submitted certificates requesting the"
"bin Laden ""would comfort those who lost loved ones"" in the September 11, 2001 attacks. Former National Security Advisor and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice characterized the news as ""absolutely thrilling"", adding that she was ""overwhelmed with gratitude and continue[s] to be amazed at what our military has achieved"". The event was also applauded by past Republican presidential contenders, including former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney, former Minnesota governor Tim Pawlenty, and Senator John McCain. Several U.S. senators questioned whether Pakistani authorities knew about bin Laden's presence in Pakistan, and had protected him. On May 12, 2011, former Supreme Court Justice"
"addressing excerpts from the countless memos, nicknamed 'Yellow Perils' by his first Pentagon staff and 'Snowflakes' by the second, that Rumsfeld wrote during his time as a congressman and advisor to four different presidents, twice as United States Secretary of Defense. It also focuses on a response Rumsfeld gave to a question at a U.S. Department of Defense news briefing on February 12, 2002, about the lack of evidence linking the government of Iraq with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups. The content of the memos are varied, covering everything from the aftermath of Watergate, to"
"On 11 October 1999 Hoon was appointed Secretary of State for Defence. His term took him through the 2000 British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War and the NATO intervention in the 2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia. The rest of his term was dominated by the start of the so-called War on Terror in 2001, including British participation in both the War in Afghanistan, Operation Herrick, and the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Operation Telic. In a 2003 interview on the BBC's ""Breakfast with Frost"", Hoon asserted that the UK was willing to use nuclear weapons against"
"2003 State of the Union speech, U.S. President George W. Bush said, ""The British government has learned that Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa."" This single sentence is now known as ""the ""Sixteen Words""."" The administration later conceded that evidence in support of the claim was inconclusive and stated, ""These sixteen words should never have been included."" The administration attributed the error to the CIA. In mid-2003, the U.S. government declassified the 2002 National Intelligence Estimate, which contained a dissenting opinion published by the U.S. Department of State stating that the intelligence connecting Niger to Saddam"
"the torture and abuse of prisoners at Abu Ghraib, to the definition of the word ""terrorism"". Morris returns to the motif of snowflakes swirling within a globe throughout the documentary as he discusses the memos with Rumsfeld, the contents of which the Defense Secretary allowed him limited access while preparing the film, and several of which Rumsfeld agrees to read aloud on camera. At the beginning of the documentary, Rumsfeld argues that a major purpose of the Department of Defense is to evaluate ""unknown knowns,"" or ""the things you think you know, that it turns out you did not,"" to"
"The commission reentered the public consciousness in 2000 when the former chairman of the commission, Donald Rumsfeld, was named by newly elected President George W. Bush to be Secretary of Defense, his second time in that office. On December 30, 2000, Richard Garwin, a former commissioner, praised Rumsfeld for his commission work in a ""New York Times"" op-ed piece, although he reiterated that the commission never suggested whether or not the US should build a missile defense system. Other staffers and members of the commission were also appointed by the new Bush administration: Paul Wolfowitz was named Deputy Secretary of"
"Defense, William Schneider, Jr. was appointed by Rumsfeld to the Defense Science Board, and in March 2003 Stephen Cambone was selected by Rumsfeld to fill the newly created Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence position. Robert Gates, the man who conducted the first review of the ballistic missile threat, was appointed Secretary of Defense after Rumsfeld's November 2006 resignation. The commission is thought by some foreign policy analysts to be the basis for President George W. Bush's axis of evil line in his 2002 State of the Union Address, in which he accused Iraq, Iran, and North Korea of being"
"of regularly constituted (state) armed forces. However, it is likely that Miller did not understand the language of the amendment or know that the statute was amended in the first place, since neither the law nor the policy explained the ambiguous language that amended the statute in 1989, and the policy failed to note that the law was ever amended. The Navy disagreed with Miller, and in 2003 it overruled her determination and awarded the POW Medal to Higgins. Since the attacks against the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 the Office of the Secretary of Defense has"
"inspector who revealed details of the dossier on weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. His question to Prime Minister Tony Blair on 4 February 2003 revealed that Blair had not appreciated that Iraq possessed only defensive battlefield or small-calibre weaponry rather than long-range weapons of mass destruction when he made his speech in the Iraq debate that led to the House of Commons voting in favour of war. Ottaway asserted that if that information had been spelled out to MPs “those weapons might not have been described as weapons of mass destruction threatening the region and the stability of the"
"the Defence Science and Technology Organisation. From 1995 to 2002, White held various Shadow Ministries including Education and Children's Services, Further Education and Training, Higher Education, Regional Development, Tourism, Racing, Sport, Youth, Multicultural and Ethnic Affairs. When Labor took power in 2002, she became a minister. From 2002 to 2005, White has held Ministries including Education and Children's Services, Member of the Executive Council, Transport, Science and Information Economy, and Urban Development and Planning. She stepped down to spend more time with her young family. She has been a member of several parliamentary committees, including Chair Economic and Finance, Industry"
"the attacks altogether. Franken also writes that Bill Clinton received similar intelligence regarding potential attacks on January 1, 2000, and was able to quickly raise the security level and prevent terrorist activity. He also talks about terror management theory and its relevance to the 2004 campaign, including numerous ""conflations"" by Republicans, particularly at their national convention, of the Iraq War with the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Almost no mention is made at the 2004 Republican National Convention of Osama bin Laden, whose terrorist group al Qaeda is considered to have perpetrated the events of 9/11; across all the speeches delivered during"
"National Security Council text entitled the ""National Security Strategy of the United States"" published on September 20, 2002. The phrase ""Bush Doctrine"" was rarely used by members of the Bush administration. The expression was used at least once, though, by Vice President Dick Cheney, in a June 2003 speech in which he said, ""If there is anyone in the world today who doubts the seriousness of the Bush Doctrine, I would urge that person to consider the fate of the Taliban in Afghanistan, and of Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq."" The main elements of the Bush Doctrine were delineated in"
"have been deliberately ignored. Some of these warnings include the following: A classified military intelligence program known as ""Able Danger"" was created in October 1999 specifically targeting al-Qaeda. Lt. Col. Anthony Shaffer and Congressman Curt Weldon (R-PA) charged before the Senate Judiciary Committee that Able Danger had identified Mohamed Atta, and three of the other hijackers, prior to 9/11. The existence of Able Danger, and its purported early identification of the 9/11 terrorists, was first disclosed publicly on June 19, 2005. On June 27, 2005, Weldon stated to the House: Mr. Speaker, I rise because information has come to my"
"Delivering Security in a Changing World The 2003 Defence White Paper, titled Delivering Security in a Changing World, set out the future structure of the British military, and was preceded by the 1998 Strategic Defence Review (SDR) and the 2002 SDR New Chapter, which responded to the immediate challenges to security in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks in 2001. Published under the then Secretary of State for Defence, Geoff Hoon, the report effectively introduced a series of cutbacks to core equipment and manpower and the scaling back of a series of future capital procurement projects. This was justified"
"years, alluded to by then Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Phil Goff in the bill's first reading, gave rise to the need to introduce new, ""comprehensive"" anti-terror legislation. The examples he gave were the Lockerbie bombing, the World Trade Centre bombing and the Nairobi embassy attack. Goff introduced the Terrorism (bombings and financing) bill to parliament on 3 May 2001. Seen by many as simply the enactment of two recent international conventions, the bill was considered unremarkable and garnered widespread lukewarm support. The bill was then sent to the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade select committee for review and"
"the public: ""Iraq has trained al Qaeda members in bomb making and poisons and gases."" This claim was repeated several times in the run-up to the war, including in then-Secretary of State Colin Powell's speech to the U.N Security Council on February 5, 2003, which concluded with a long recitation of the information provided by al-Libi. Powell's speech was made less than a month after a then-classified CIA report concluded that the information provided by al-Libi was unreliable, and about a year after a DIA report concluded the same thing. Al-Libi recanted these claims in January 2004 after U.S. interrogators"
"a service since the interment of an unknown member of the armed forces representing Vietnam War dead in 1984. About 1,000 relatives attended the funeral service. The funeral was held the day after the one-year anniversary of the September 11 attacks. Many of these families felt the emotional strain was too much for two days of remembrances, and so chose not to attend the funeral. The September 12 funeral focused on the families of five victims whose remains could not be identified, although all victims were memorialized. United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and chaplains from each branch of"
"2012, Jeh Johnson, the General Counsel of the Department of Defense, stated that the military fight would be replaced by a law enforcement operation when speaking at Oxford University, predicting that al Qaeda will be so weakened to be ineffective, and has been ""effectively destroyed"", and thus the conflict will not be an armed conflict under international law. In May 2013, two years after the assassination of Osama bin Laden, Barack Obama delivered a speech that employed the term ""global war on terror"" put in quotation marks (as officially transcribed by the White House): ""Now, make no mistake, our nation"
"on why the United State intelligence bureaucracy composed of 13 agencies failed to detect the hijackers. Senator Graham said the question was why wasn't the intelligence precise. Critics on and off of Capitol Hill complained that Goss was too aligned with the CIA and Graham was insufficiently assertive. In August 2002 unnamed individuals who had read the report revealed it contained accusations of links between the government of Saudi Arabia and the attacks. The Saudis denied this and asked that the section be made public, but President Bush refused. In December 2002 Senator Graham himself revealed in a PBS interview"
"was meant to provide a ""comprehensive and effective means to disseminate information regarding the risk of terrorist acts to federal, state, and local authorities and to the American people."" It was unveiled March 12, 2002, by Tom Ridge, then the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security. However, responsibility for developing, implementing and managing the system was given to the U.S. Attorney General. In January 2003, the new Department of Homeland Security (DHS) began administering the system. The decision to publicly announce threat conditions is made by the Secretary of Homeland Security in consultation with the Assistant to the President"
"Minister for Homeland Security 2003–05, Shadow Minister for Defence 2004–06 and Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs 2006–07. In November 2007, McClelland was appointed as the Attorney-General. As part of a cabinet reshuffle in December 2011 he was moved to oversee the portfolio of emergency management and housing. In a further cabinet reshuffle in February 2012 following Kevin Rudd's leadership challenge, McClelland returned to the backbench. After McClelland indicated on 8 October 2007 his party's disapproval of death sentences for all south Asian countries, his leader Kevin Rudd criticized the speech as ""insensitive"" because it was made on the eve of"
"Iraq's Persian Gulf neighbors, including Saudi Arabia, Iran, Yemen, Qatar, and Kuwait."" On February 5, 2003, then Secretary of State Colin Powell addressed the U.N. Security Council on the issue of Iraq. In the address, Powell made several claims about Iraq's ties to terrorism. Powell acknowledged in January 2004 that the speech presented no hard evidence of collaboration between Saddam and al-Qaeda; he told reporters at a State Department press conference that ""I have not seen smoking gun, concrete evidence about the connection, but I do believe the connections existed."" After Powell left office, he acknowledged that he was skeptical"
"dead Taliban soldiers in 2011, which was made public in January 2012, and the burning of the Quran by at Bagram Airfield, which had occurred in February. U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon E. Panetta immediately called the soldiers' behavior unacceptable, promised a full investigation, and said about the soldiers behavior in comparison to the U.S. armed forces in general: ""This is not who we are, and it's certainly not what we represent when it comes to the great majority of men and women in uniform."" The actions of the soldiers were also condemned by General John Allen, commander of the"
"Rumsfeld, Infinity-CBS Radio. June 2, 2003 In the UK, Susan Watts broadcasts on the influential BBC2 Newsnight report which includes an anonymous experts (Dr David Kelly ) opinion on the Mobile Weapons labs being for biological weapons. Dr Kelly is now only 40% certain the trailers are labs. But our source, who is in an excellent position to know, and spoke of being 90% confident these claims are correct on the day the Pentagon showed the trucks to the world, now put that confidence level at just 40%. June 3, 2003 ""But let's remember what we've already found. Secretary Powell"
"Afghanistan. Chris Vernon Colonel Christopher Hilary Vernon is a British Army officer. In 2003, Colonel Vernon gained international attention as the senior spokesman for the British Landforces during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Vernon was commissioned into the Queen's Own Hussars (later Queen's Royal Hussars) from the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1976. Prior to serving in Iraq and Afghanistan, Colonel Vernon served in Bosnia in 1995. During his time in Bosnia in 1995, he served as the spokesman for (UNPROFOR) under the command of General Sir Rupert Smith. Most recently Vernon was Chief of Staff for NATO forces in"