"Valentine, Texas Valentine is a town in Jeff Davis County, Texas, United States. The population was 134 at the 2010 census, down from 187 at the 2000 census. It is the only incorporated municipality in Jeff Davis County. Its name refers to the date of its founding in 1882 by a Southern Pacific Railroad construction crew: February 14. It is one of several cities named Valentine in the United States where the U.S. Postal Service cancels envelopes for Valentine's Day. The noted art installation Prada Marfa (2005) is located northwest of Valentine on U.S. 90. The John Wayne film ""Cahill"
"tradition is maintained annually in January, in Whittlesey, near Peterborough where on the preceding Saturday, ""the Straw Bear is paraded through the streets of Whittlesey"". Valentine's Day, also called Saint Valentine's Day or the Feast of Saint Valentine, is celebrated annually on February 14. Originating as a Western Christian feast day honoring one or two early saints named Valentinus, Valentine's Day is recognized as a significant cultural, religious, and commercial celebration of romance and romantic love, although it is not a public holiday. Martyrdom stories associated with various Valentines connected to February 14 are presented in martyrologies, including a written"
"language of flowers – giving a single red rose meant 'I love you'. Saint Valentine, a Roman Catholic Bishop or priest who was martyred in about 296 AD, seems to have had no known connection with romantic love, but the day of his martyrdom on the Roman Catholic calendar, Saint Valentine's Day (February 14), became, in the 14th century, an occasion for lovers to send messages to each other. In recent years the celebration of Saint Valentine' s day has spread beyond Christian countries to Japan and China and other parts of the world. The celebration of Saint Valentine's Day"
"in the Church of England, for example, it was included in Calendars before the Reformation, and S.Valentine, Bishop and Martyr, was restored to the Church's Calendar in the 1661–62 ""Book of Common Prayer"". He remains in the Calendars of the Church of England and in those of most other parts of the Anglican Communion, albeit sometimes noted as an ancient memorial of obscure historical character. Saint Valentine Saint Valentine (, ), officially Saint Valentine of Rome, was a widely recognized 3rd-century Roman saint commemorated on February 14 and since the High Middle Ages is associated with a tradition of courtly"
"Orthodox Church in general Valentines’ day is celebrated on 6 and 30 July, while in Brazil the Dia de São Valentim is recognized on 12 June. During this day, traditionally, lovers exchange symbols and commodities to show their sentiments to each other. This tradition developed during the 19th century in England, where people started to express their love for each other by donating flowers, offering sweets and exchanging handwritten greeting cards (known as ""valentines""), that rapidly were replaced with mass-produced ones. In the later 20th and early 21st centuries, this Valentine's Day tradition spread to other countries, arriving in some"
"(especially White Carniola), Saint Valentine marks the beginning of spring. Valentine's Day has only recently been celebrated as the day of love. The day of love was traditionally March 12, the Saint Gregory's day, or February 22, Saint Vincent's Day. The patron of love was Saint Anthony, whose day has been celebrated on June 13. There is no evidence of any link between St. Valentine's Day and the rites of the ancient Roman festival Lupercalia, despite many claims by many authors. The celebration of Saint Valentine did not have any romantic connotations until Chaucer's poetry about ""Valentines"" in the 14th"
"Saint Valentine Saint Valentine (, ), officially Saint Valentine of Rome, was a widely recognized 3rd-century Roman saint commemorated on February 14 and since the High Middle Ages is associated with a tradition of courtly love. All that is reliably known of the saint commemorated on February 14 is his name and that he was martyred and buried at a cemetery on the Via Flaminia close to the Ponte Milvio to the north of Rome on that day. It is uncertain whether Saint Valentine was one individual or a pseudonym for several. Several different martyrologies have been added to later"
"for St. Valentine's Day (the Feast of St. Valentine), which includes the optional rite of the renewal of marriage vows. In 2016, Catholic Bishops of England and Wales established a novena prayer ""to support single people seeking a spouse ahead of St Valentine’s Day."" Valentine's Day customs developed in early modern England and spread throughout the English-speaking world in the 19th century. In the later 20th and early 21st centuries, these customs spread to other countries, but their effect has been more limited than those of Hallowe'en, or than aspects of Christmas, (such as Santa Claus). Valentine's Day is celebrated"
"the Eastern Orthodox Church also celebrate Saint Valentine's Day, albeit on July 6 and July 30, the former date in honor of the Roman presbyter Saint Valentine, and the latter date in honor of Hieromartyr Valentine, the Bishop of Interamna (modern Terni). Traditions include sending cards, flowers, chocolates and other gifts. Valentine's Day in England still remains connected with various regional customs. In Norfolk, a character called 'Jack' Valentine knocks on the rear door of houses leaving sweets and presents for children. Although he was leaving treats, many children were scared of this mystical person. Shrove Tuesday (also known as"
"Day symbols that are used today include the heart-shaped outline, doves, and the figure of the winged Cupid. Since the 19th century, handwritten valentines have given way to mass-produced greeting cards. In Europe, Saint Valentine's Keys are given to lovers ""as a romantic symbol and an invitation to unlock the giver’s heart"", as well as to children, in order to ward off epilepsy (called Saint Valentine's Malady). Saint Valentine's Day is an official feast day in the Anglican Communion and the Lutheran Church. Many parts of the Eastern Orthodox Church also celebrate Saint Valentine's Day, albeit on July 6 and"
"Valentine's Day is celebrated in February. Dia dos Namorados Dia dos Namorados (, ""Lovers' Day"") is celebrated on June 12 in Brazil, due to the date's proximity to Saint Anthony's Day on June 13. The date is celebrated in a manner similar to the way that Valentine's Day is celebrated on February 14 in many other parts of the world, with gifts, romantic activities, decorations and festivities. The term ""Dia dos Namorados"" is also used in other Portuguese-speaking countries. Anthony of Padua, known as Saint Anthony, died on June 13, 1231, in Padua, Italy. In addition to having been canonized"
"on January 25 instead of (or as well as) Valentine's Day. The day commemorates St Dwynwen, the Welsh patron saint of love. The Welsh name for Saint Valentine is 'Sant Ffolant'. On Saint Valentine's Day in Ireland, many individuals who seek true love make a Christian pilgrimage to the Shrine of St. Valentine in Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church in Dublin, which is said to house relics of Saint Valentine of Rome; they pray at the shrine in hope of finding romance. There lies a book in which foreigners and locals have written their prayer requests for love. In Finland Valentine's"
"July 30, the former date in honor of the Roman presbyter Saint Valentine, and the latter date in honor of Hieromartyr Valentine, the Bishop of Interamna (modern Terni). Numerous early Christian martyrs were named Valentine. The Valentines honored on February 14 are Valentine of Rome (""Valentinus presb. m. Romae"") and Valentine of Terni (""Valentinus ep. Interamnensis m. Romae""). Valentine of Rome was a priest in Rome who was martyred in 269 and was added to the calendar of saints by Pope Galesius in 496 and was buried on the Via Flaminia. The relics of Saint Valentine were kept in the"
"every two years on the Sunday closest to 14th February. The village gets dressed in its 19th-century costume and put on the program with over 800 people. St. Valentine's Day, or Ημέρα του Αγίου Βαλεντίνου in Greek tradition was not associated with romantic love. In the Eastern Orthodox church there is another Saint who protects people who are in love, Hyacinth of Caesarea (feast day July 3), but this was not widely known until the late 1990s In contemporary Greece, Valentine's Day is generally celebrated as in the common Western tradition. In Portugal, the holiday is known as ""Dia dos"
"Dia dos Namorados Dia dos Namorados (, ""Lovers' Day"") is celebrated on June 12 in Brazil, due to the date's proximity to Saint Anthony's Day on June 13. The date is celebrated in a manner similar to the way that Valentine's Day is celebrated on February 14 in many other parts of the world, with gifts, romantic activities, decorations and festivities. The term ""Dia dos Namorados"" is also used in other Portuguese-speaking countries. Anthony of Padua, known as Saint Anthony, died on June 13, 1231, in Padua, Italy. In addition to having been canonized as a saint by the Catholic"
"forbidden to marry and for ministering to Christians persecuted under the Roman Empire. According to legend, during his imprisonment Saint Valentine restored sight to the blind daughter of his judge, and before his execution he wrote her a letter signed ""Your Valentine"" as a farewell. The day first became associated with romantic love within the circle of Geoffrey Chaucer in the 14th century, when the tradition of courtly love flourished. In 18th-century England, it evolved into an occasion in which lovers expressed their love for each other by presenting flowers, offering confectionery, and sending greeting cards (known as """"valentines""""). Valentine's"
"other by presenting flowers, offering confectionery, and sending greeting cards (known as """"valentines""""). Valentine's Day symbols that are used today include the heart-shaped outline, doves, and the figure of the winged Cupid. Since the 19th century, handwritten valentines have given way to mass-produced greeting cards. In Europe, Saint Valentine's Keys are given to lovers ""as a romantic symbol and an invitation to unlock the giver’s heart"", as well as to children, in order to ward off epilepsy (called Saint Valentine's Malady). Saint Valentine's Day is an official feast day in the Anglican Communion and the Lutheran Church. Many parts of"
"by respectable modern scholars. In the French 14th-century manuscript illumination from a ""Vies des Saints"" (""illustration above""), Saint Valentine, bishop of Terni, oversees the construction of his basilica at Terni; there is no suggestion here that the bishop was a patron of lovers. During the Middle Ages, it was believed that birds paired in mid-February. This was then associated with the romance of Valentine. Although these legends differ, Valentine’s Day is widely recognized as a day for romance and devotion. The flower-crowned alleged skull of St. Valentine is exhibited in the Basilica of Santa Maria in Cosmedin, Rome. St. Valentine's"
"the traditional Romanian holiday for lovers. The holiday is named after a character from Romanian folklore who was supposed to be the son of Baba Dochia. Its date used to vary depending on the geographical area, however nowadays it is commonly observed on February 24. In Denmark and Norway, February 14 is known as ""Valentinsdag"", and it is celebrated in much the same manner as in the United Kingdom. In Sweden it is called ""Alla hjärtans dag"" (""All Hearts' Day"") and is not widely celebrated. A 2016 survey revealed that less than 50% of men and women were planning to"
"Valentine's Day is a major source of economic activity, with total expenditures in 2017 topping $18.2 billion in 2017, or over $136 per person. This is an increase from $108 per person in 2010. In Chinese, Valentine's Day is called lovers' festival (; Mandarin: ""Qīng Rén Jié""; Hokkien: ""Chêng Lîn Chiat""; Cantonese: ""Chìhng Yàhn Jit""; Shanghainese ""Xin Yin Jiq""). The ""Chinese Valentine's Day"" is the Qixi Festival, celebrated on the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar. It commemorates a day on which a legendary cowherder and weaving maid are allowed to be together. In Chinese culture,"
"in many East Asian countries with Singaporeans, Chinese and South Koreans spending the most money on Valentine's gifts. In most Latin American countries, for example, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Puerto Rico, Saint Valentine's Day is known as ""Día de los Enamorados"" (day of lovers) or as ""Día del Amor y la Amistad"" (Day of Love and Friendship). It is also common to see people perform ""acts of appreciation"" for their friends. In Guatemala it is known as the ""Día del Cariño"" (Affection Day). Some countries, in particular the Dominican Republic and El Salvador, have a tradition called ""Amigo secreto"" (""Secret"
"account of Saint Valentine of Rome imprisonment for performing weddings for soldiers, who were forbidden to marry and for ministering to Christians persecuted under the Roman Empire. According to legend, during his imprisonment Saint Valentine restored sight to the blind daughter of his judge, and before his execution he wrote her a letter signed ""Your Valentine"" as a farewell. The day first became associated with romantic love within the circle of Geoffrey Chaucer in the 14th century, when the tradition of courtly love flourished. In 18th-century England, it evolved into an occasion in which lovers expressed their love for each"
"Day is called ""ystävänpäivä"" which translates into ""Friend's Day"". As the name indicates, this day is more about remembering friends, not significant others. In Estonia Valentine's Day is called ""sõbrapäev"", which has the same meaning. In France, a traditionally Catholic country, Valentine's Day is known simply as ""Saint Valentin"", and is celebrated in much the same way as other western countries. The relics of Saint Valentin de Terni, the patron of the St Valentine’s day, are in the Catholic church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste and Saint-Jean-l’Evangéliste located in the southern France town of Roquemaure%2CGard. The celebrations of “Fete des Amoureux” takes place"
"on St. Valentine's Day, when every bird cometh there to choose his mate.""] This poem was written to honor the first anniversary of the engagement of King Richard II of England to Anne of Bohemia. A treaty providing for a marriage was signed on May 2, 1381. Readers have uncritically assumed that Chaucer was referring to February 14 as Valentine's Day; however, mid-February is an unlikely time for birds to be mating in England. Henry Ansgar Kelly has observed that Chaucer might have had in mind the feast day of St. Valentine of Genoa, an early bishop of Genoa who"
"God’s love, Saint Valentine is said to have cut hearts from parchment"", giving them to these soldiers and persecuted Christians, a possible origin of the widespread use of hearts on St. Valentine's Day. Saint Valentine supposedly wore a purple amethyst ring, customarily worn on the hands of Christian bishops with an image of Cupid engraved in it, a recognizable symbol associated with love that was legal under the Roman Empire; Roman soldiers would recognize the ring and ask him to perform marriage for them. Probably due to the association with Saint Valentine, amethyst has become the birthstone of February, which"
"in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum, which was compiled between 460 and 544 from earlier local sources. The feast of St. Valentine of February 14 was first established in 496 by Pope Gelasius I, who included Valentine among all those ""... whose names are justly reverenced among men, but whose acts are known only to God."" As Gelasius implies, nothing was then known about his life. ""The Catholic Encyclopedia"" and other hagiographical sources speak of three Saint Valentines that appear in connection with February 14. One was a Roman priest, another the bishop of Interamna (modern Terni, Italy) both buried along the"
"with families. Commodification is moving into the domain of our private life and desires, creating an ambivalence; by purchasing goods and services that simulate family-like experience, we want, on one hand, to live some authentic experiences, like the one we experienced in the past with our family, but at the same time, we are enhancing the commodification of these practices by drawing upon these services. Valentine's Day, also known as Saint Valentine's Day, is a religious celebration observed on 14 February each year, also if in some countries it is celebrated in different occasions. In Russia and in the Eastern"
"while on a temporary stay in Rome he was imprisoned, tortured, and martyred there on February 14, 269. His body was hastily buried at a nearby cemetery and a few nights later his disciples retrieved his body and returned him home. Τhe ""Roman Martyrology"", the Catholic Church's official list of recognized saints, for February 14 gives only one Saint Valentine: a martyr who died on the Via Flaminia. The name ""Valentine"" derived from ""valens"" (worthy, strong, powerful), was popular in Late Antiquity. About eleven other saints having the name Valentine are commemorated in the Roman Catholic Church. Some Eastern Churches"
"White Day White Day is a day that is marked in Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Malaysia and China on March 14, one month after Valentine's Day. Valentine's Day in countries which observe White Day is typically observed by girls and women presenting chocolate gifts (either store-bought or handmade), usually to boys or men, as an expression of love, courtesy, or social obligation. On White Day, the reverse happens: men who received a or on Valentine's Day are expected to return the favor by giving gifts. Traditionally, popular White Day gifts are cookies, jewelry, white chocolate, white lingerie,"
"Movie Day, and Hug Day. Korean women give a much higher amount of chocolate than Japanese women. In Taiwan, traditional Qixi Festival, Valentine's Day and White Day are all celebrated. However, the situation is the reverse of Japan's. Men give gifts to women on Valentine's Day, and women return them on White Day. In the UK, just under half of the population spend money on their Valentines and around £1.3 billion is spent yearly on cards, flowers, chocolates, and other gifts, with an estimated 25 million cards being sent. In Wales, some people celebrate Dydd Santes Dwynwen (""St Dwynwen's Day"")"
"""giri choco"", the man may not be expressing actual romantic interest, but rather a social obligation. White Day White Day is a day that is marked in Japan, South Korea, Vietnam, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Malaysia and China on March 14, one month after Valentine's Day. Valentine's Day in countries which observe White Day is typically observed by girls and women presenting chocolate gifts (either store-bought or handmade), usually to boys or men, as an expression of love, courtesy, or social obligation. On White Day, the reverse happens: men who received a or on Valentine's Day are expected to return the"
"Saint Patrick's Day Saint Patrick's Day, or the Feast of Saint Patrick (, ""the Day of the Festival of Patrick""), is a cultural and religious celebration held on 17 March, the traditional death date of Saint Patrick ( AD 385–461), the foremost patron saint of Ireland. Saint Patrick's Day was made an official Christian feast day in the early 17th century and is observed by the Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion (especially the Church of Ireland), the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Lutheran Church. The day commemorates Saint Patrick and the arrival of Christianity in Ireland, and celebrates the heritage"
"the current legends that characterize Saint Valentine were invented in the 14th century in England, notably by Geoffrey Chaucer and his circle, when the feast day of February 14 first became associated with romantic love. Oruch charges that the traditions associated with ""Valentine's Day"", documented in Geoffrey Chaucer's ""Parlement of Foules"" and set in the fictional context of an old tradition, did not exist before Chaucer. He argues that the speculative explanation of sentimental customs, posing as historical fact, had their origins among 18th-century antiquaries, notably Alban Butler, the author of ""Butler's Lives of Saints"", and have been perpetuated even"