"significance, the tiger reminiscent of Stalin and the squirrel running itself to death the proletariat. Solzhenitsyn finished ""Cancer Ward"" in mid-1966, and by June that year had sent the manuscript to the Russian literary magazine ""Novy Mir"". The editor, Tvardosky, equivocated and began to request cuts, so Solzhenitsyn arranged that the novel be distributed as ""samizdat"", then that it be discussed at a meeting in Moscow of the Central Writers' Club on 17 November 1966. Joseph Pearce writes that attendance was higher than usual. The club passed a resolution that it would assist Solzhenitsyn in getting ""Cancer Ward"" published. Solzhenitsyn"
"Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (; 11 December 1918 – 3 August 2008) was a Russian novelist, historian, and short story writer. He was an outspoken critic of the Soviet Union and communism and helped to raise global awareness of its Gulag forced labor camp system. He was allowed to publish only one work in the Soviet Union, ""One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich"" (1962), in the periodical ""Novy Mir"". After this he had to publish in the West, most notably ""Cancer Ward"" (1968), ""August 1914"" (1971), and ""The Gulag Archipelago"" (1973). Solzhenitsyn was awarded the 1970 Nobel"
"novels, ""Cancer Ward"" and ""The First Circle"", the political storm caused by his 1970 Nobel Prize for literature and his subsequent exile from the Soviet Union. Among Solzhenitsyn's more accessible works, the memoir's reception by critics was mixed. By the time of its publication, outside the Soviet Union much has already been known about the author's struggles. Consequently, some critics questioned the accuracy of Solzhenitsyn's account. Nevertheless, the book remains an essential source on the life and times of the author. Solzhenitsyn was born in 1918 in Kislovodsk following the death of his father. In 1921, his mother moved to"
"Birlik, a village in Baidibek district of South Kazakhstan region of Kazakhstan (Kok-terek rural district). His undiagnosed cancer spread until, by the end of the year, he was close to death. In 1954, he was permitted to be treated in a hospital in Tashkent, where his tumor went into remission. His experiences there became the basis of his novel ""Cancer Ward"" and also found an echo in the short story ""The Right Hand"". It was during this decade of imprisonment and exile that Solzhenitsyn abandoned Marxism and developed the philosophical and religious positions of his later life, gradually becoming a"
"Leo Tolstoy Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (; Russian: , tr. ; ; ), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, he is best known for the novels ""War and Peace"" (1869) and ""Anna Karenina"" (1877), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, ""Childhood"", ""Boyhood"", and ""Youth"" (1852–1856), and ""Sevastopol Sketches"" (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. Tolstoy's fiction includes dozens"
"Vasily Aksyonov Vasily Pavlovich Aksyonov (; August 20, 1932 – July 6, 2009) was a Soviet and Russian novelist. He became known in the West as the author of ""The Burn"" (""Ожог"", ""Ozhog"", from 1975) and of ""Generations of Winter"" (""Московская сага"", ""Moskovskaya Saga"", from 1992), a family saga following three generations of the Gradov family between 1925 and 1953. Vasily Aksyonov was born to Pavel Aksyonov and Yevgenia Ginzburg in Kazan, USSR on August 20, 1932. His mother, Yevgenia Ginzburg, was a successful journalist and educator and his father, Pavel Aksyonov, had a high position in the administration of"
"Alexander Werth Alexander Werth (4 February 1901, St Petersburg – 5 March 1969, Paris) was a Russian-born, naturalized British writer, journalist, and war correspondent. Werth's family fled to the United Kingdom in the wake of the Russian Revolution. He became a naturalised British citizen on 7 July 1930. Werth wrote about France in the prewar period and he also wrote about Russia in World War II, especially the Battle of Stalingrad and the Siege of Leningrad. He spoke and wrote both Russian and English at the native level. His best-known work is ""Russia at War 1941 to 1945,"" (London, 1964)"
"the name ""The Star Wormwood."" September 14, 2001 newspaper ""День"" wrote that ""on September 12th, 2001 Vladimir Trefilov has urgently organized display of the pictures, considering that they most precisely correspond to the today's validity."" After the terrorist attacks of 11 September the fact of Trefilov's prediction evoked a wide public response and was reported both in the press and on TV. Vladimir Trefilov Vladimir Aleksandrovich Trefilov (; born 1949) is a Russian scholar of religious studies, philosophy of medicine, author and lecturer. He is also known as a poet, painter and yogi. Born in Izhevsk, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist"
"with the manuscript of ""One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich"". It was published in edited form in 1962, with the explicit approval of Nikita Khrushchev, who defended it at the presidium of the Politburo hearing on whether to allow its publication, and added: ""There's a Stalinist in each of you; there's even a Stalinist in me. We must root out this evil."" The book quickly sold out and became an instant hit. In the 1960s, while he was publicly known to be writing ""Cancer Ward"", he was simultaneously writing ""The Gulag Archipelago"". During Khrushchev's tenure, ""One Day in"
"However, unlike its German namesake, the Russian Werther is plagued by boredom. In this respect Sushkov’s novel is significant, as his character precurses the literary heroes of Russian romanticism, like Pushkin's Eugene Onegin and Lermontov's Pechorin. Mikhail Sushkov Mikhail Vasilyevich Sushkov (Russian: Михаил Васильевич Сушков) (1775–1792) was a young Russian nobleman and writer of a small body of prose and poetry, notable for his autobiographical suicide novel. He committed suicide by hanging at age 16 after writing four suicide notes, one of which was to his uncle Alexander Khrapovitsky, at that moment personal secretary of empress Catherine the Great. Empress"
"Oleg Pavlov Oleg Pavlov (Russian: Олег Олегович Павлов; 16 March 1970 – 7 October 2018) was a prominent Russian writer and winner of the Russian Booker Prize. His first novel, ""Captain of the Steppe"", has been translated into English and published by And Other Stories in 2013. Born in Moscow in 1970, Pavlov spent his military service as a prison guard in Kazakhstan. Many of the incidents portrayed in his fiction were inspired by his experiences there. During his service, Pavlov suffered a head injury, was hospitalised, and spent over a month in a psychiatric ward. This allowed him to"
"the invasion of human planets by mysterious alien creatures named ""Biomorphs"". Техномагия (Technomagic) Семь зверей Райлега (Seven Beasts of Raileg) Я, Всеслав (Me, Vseslav) Out of Series Co-authored works Story collections Трилогия о Молли Блэкуотер (Molly Blackwater Trilogy) <BR> Nick Perumov Nick Perumov () is the pen name of Nikolay Daniilovich Perumov (; born 21 November 1963), a Russian fantasy and science fiction writer. Perumov was born 21 November 1963 in Leningrad, USSR. His father, Daniil Alexandrovich Perumov, was a biologist. Nikolai began writing short stories when he was a teenager, and after reading ""The Lord of the Rings"" in"
"sphere of Ukrainian and Russian intellectuals and officers. In the army of Hetman Skoropadsky they participate in the defense of Kiev from the forces of Ukrainian Nationalists (led by Petliura) in December 1918. The novel contains many autobiographical elements. Bulgakov gave the younger Turbin brother some of the characteristics of his own younger brother. The description of the house of the Turbins is that of the house of the Bulgakov family in Kiev. (Today it is preserved and operated as the Mikhail Bulgakov Museum). The White Guard The White Guard () is a novel by 20th-century Russian writer Mikhail Bulgakov,"
"stunt. He was the Moscow correspondent for the ""Guardian"" newspaper from 1946 to 1949. He was one of the first outsiders to be allowed into Stalingrad after the battle. Other works include: ""France 1940-1955: the de Gaulle Revolution""; ""Moscow 41""; ""The Last Days of Paris: a Journalist's Diary""; ""Leningrad""; ""The Year of Stalingrad""; and ""Musical Uproar in Moscow."" His son Nicolas Werth is a French historian (""Directeur de recherche au CNRS"") who specializes in the history of the Soviet Union. Alexander Werth Alexander Werth (4 February 1901, St Petersburg – 5 March 1969, Paris) was a Russian-born, naturalized British writer,"
"may be let go."" In 1965 in the West, strong public awareness that Soviet psychiatry could be subject to political abuse arose with publication of the book ""Ward 7"" by Valery Tarsis, a writer born in 1906 in Kiev. He based the book upon his own experiences in 1963–1964 when he was detained in the Moscow Kashchenko psychiatric hospital for political reasons. The fictionalised documentary"" Ward No. 7"" by Tarsis was the first literary work to deal with the Soviet authorities' abuse of psychiatry. In a parallel with the story ""Ward No. 6"" by Anton Chekhov, Tarsis implies that it"
"shadows all their literature,—it appears all through Tolstoi's diary and novels,—is analysed in many forms by Chekhov. In Ward No. 6 Chekhov pays his respects to Tolstoi's creed of self-denial, through the lips of the doctor's favourite madman. Literary critic Edmund Wilson called it one of Chekhov's ""masterpieces, a fable of the whole situation of the frustrated intellectuals of the Russia of the eighties and nineties"". Communist politician and political theorist Vladimir Lenin believed that his reading of Ward No. Six ""made him a revolutionary"". Upon finishing the story, he is said to have remarked: ""I absolutely had the feeling"
"English by Ian Appleby and published by independent London publisher And Other Stories in 2013. Oleg Pavlov Oleg Pavlov (Russian: Олег Олегович Павлов; 16 March 1970 – 7 October 2018) was a prominent Russian writer and winner of the Russian Booker Prize. His first novel, ""Captain of the Steppe"", has been translated into English and published by And Other Stories in 2013. Born in Moscow in 1970, Pavlov spent his military service as a prison guard in Kazakhstan. Many of the incidents portrayed in his fiction were inspired by his experiences there. During his service, Pavlov suffered a head injury,"
"Arkady Arkanov Arkady Mikhailovich Arkanov (; 7 June 1933 – 22 March 2015) was a Russian writer, playwright and stand-up comedian. Arkanov was born Arkady Mikhailovich Steinbock in Kiev, Ukraine. At the onset of World War II in 1941, he was evacuated to Siberia, together with his mother and younger brother. In April 1943, the family was reunited with their father in Moscow. In 1957, Arkanov graduated from the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and before becoming a writer worked as a family doctor. Between 1963 and 1967, he was a satirist at the journal ""Yunost"". In 1966,"
"Ayn Rand Ayn Rand (; born Alisa Zinovyevna Rosenbaum; – March 6, 1982) was a Russian-American writer and philosopher. She is known for her two best-selling novels, ""The Fountainhead"" and ""Atlas Shrugged"", and for developing a philosophical system she named Objectivism. Educated in Russia, she moved to the United States in 1926. She had a play produced on Broadway in 1935 and 1936. After two early novels that were initially unsuccessful, she achieved fame with her 1943 novel, ""The Fountainhead"". In 1957, Rand published her best-known work, the novel ""Atlas Shrugged"". Afterward, she turned to non-fiction to promote her philosophy,"
"as of the end of 2010. However, in April 2012 the Russian government took formal action to preserve this important genetic repository and stop the land from being conveyed to private interests for development. http://www.vir.nw.ru/news/14.05.2012_en.html The novel ""Hunger"", by American writer Elise Blackwell, is a fictionalized retelling of the plight of the scientists who starved to death while protecting the gene bank's edible seed and tuber collection during the Siege of Leningrad. The song ""When the War Came,"" by the band The Decemberists, also tells the story of these scientists, with one verse saying ""We made our oath to Vavilov"
"also named after him and his brother. The story of the researchers at the Vavilov Institute during the Siege of Leningrad was fictionalized by novelist Elise Blackwell in her 2003 novel ""Hunger"". That novel was the inspiration for the Decemberists' song ""When The War Came"" in the 2006 album ""The Crane Wife"", which also depicts the Institute during the siege and mentions Vavilov by name. The USSR Academy of Sciences established the Vavilov Award (1965) and the Vavilov Medal (1968). Nikolai Vavilov Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov ( – 26 January 1943) was a prominent Russian and Soviet agronomist, botanist and geneticist"
"War and Peace War and Peace (pre-reform Russian: ; post-reform ) is a novel by the Russian author Leo Tolstoy. It is regarded as a central work of world literature and one of Tolstoy's finest literary achievements. The novel chronicles the history of the French invasion of Russia and the impact of the Napoleonic era on Tsarist society through the stories of five Russian aristocratic families. Portions of an earlier version, titled ""The Year 1805"", were serialized in ""The Russian Messenger"" from 1865 to 1867. The novel was first published in its entirety in 1869. Tolstoy said ""War and Peace"""
"Vladimir Nabokov Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov (; , also known by the pen name Vladimir Sirin; 2 July 1977) was a Russian-born novelist, poet, translator and entomologist. His first nine novels were in Russian, but he achieved international prominence after he began writing English prose. Nabokov's ""Lolita"" (1955), his most noted novel in English, was ranked fourth in the list of the Modern Library 100 Best Novels; ""Pale Fire"" (1962) was ranked 53rd on the same list, and his memoir, ""Speak, Memory"" (1951), was listed eighth on the publisher's list of the 20th century's greatest nonfiction. He was a finalist for"
"local NKVD office, where they probably tried to recruit her. Sergei Efron Sergei Yakovlevich Efron (Russian: Серге́й Я́ковлевич Эфро́н; 8 October 1893 – 16 October 1941) was a Russian poet, officer of White Army and husband of Marina Tsvetaeva. While in emigration, he was recruited by the Soviet NKVD. After returning to USSR from France, he was executed. Sergei was born in Moscow. He was the sixth of nine children born to Elizaveta Durnovo (1853–1910) and Yakov Konstantinovich Efron (1854–1909). Both were Russian revolutionaries and members of the Black Repartition. Yakov worked as an insurance agent and died of cancer"
"Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy Count Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, often referred to as A. K. Tolstoy () ( – ), was a Russian poet, novelist and playwright, considered to be the most important nineteenth-century Russian historical dramatist, primarily on the strength of his dramatic trilogy ""The Death of Ivan the Terrible"" (1866), ""Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich"" (1868), and ""Tsar Boris"" (1870). He also gained fame for his satirical works, published under his own name (""History of the Russian State from Gostomysl to Timashev"", ""The Dream of Councillor Popov"") and under the collaborational pen name of Kozma Prutkov. His fictional works include the novella"
"customs officials, which he published in the ""Odessa"" newspaper. He wrote under the pseudonyms Agafopod, Agafopod Edinitsin, Aloe and later A. Gray. Married at a young age, Alexander was widowed in 1888, and the following year married the governess of his children, Natalya. From this marriage was born a son, the famous actor Michael Chekhov. He died of throat cancer in 1913 and was buried in the literary section of the Volkovo Cemetery in St. Petersburg. Alexander Chekhov Alexander Pavlovich Chekhov (; August 22, 1855 – May 29, 1913), was a Russian novelist, short story writer, essayist and memoirist, and"
"year old author after the War, and finished in 1948). It was first published by Goslitizdat in Moscow (1954); in 1981 it was re-issued in two volumes by Prioksky publishers in Tula. Nikolai Leskov, now widely regarded as a classic of Russian literature, had an extremely difficult literary career, marred by scandals which resulted in boycotts and ostracism. Describing the Russian literary scene at the time Leskov entered it, D. S. Mirsky wrote: After his 1862 article on the ""great fires"" and the 1864 novel ""No Way Out"", Leskov found himself in total isolation which in the 1870s and 1880s"
"Alexey Surkov Alexey Alexandrovich Surkov (, October 13, 1899 in Yaroslavl Province, Russian Empire – June 14, 1983 in Moscow, USSR) was a Russian Soviet poet, editor, literary critic and high-profile nomenklatura figure, the head of the Soviet Union of Writers in 1953–1959. Surkov, a war correspondent during the Great Patriotic War (who took an active part in fighting at the Battle of Moscow and on the Belorussian Front), received numerous state awards, including the Orders of Red Banner and the Red Star (twice), four Orders of Lenin and two Stalin Prizes. The author of numerous poetry books, he is"
"wrote his monologues, as a rule, himself, but he also resorted to the help of professional variety playwrights — Anatoly Trushkin, Semyon Altov, Efim Smolin, Mariana Belenky, Alexander Dudoladov. In 2008, President of Russia Vladimir Putin was awarded the Order of Honour. Arlazorov died on March 7, 2009, at the age of 62, after a severe and prolonged illness (cancer, according to some sources, a stomach tumor affecting the gallbladder and pancreas). The reason for the tragic outcome was Arlazorov’s unwillingness to operate for a long time he tried to heal with starvation and went to healers. Farewell to Yan"
"Boris Pasternak Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (|p|æ|s|t|ər|ˌ|n|æ|k) (29 January 189030 May 1960) was a Russian poet, novelist, and literary translator. In his native Russian, Pasternak's first book of poems, ""My Sister, Life"" (1917), is one of the most influential collections ever published in the Russian language. Pasternak's translations of stage plays by Goethe, Schiller, Calderón de la Barca and Shakespeare remain very popular with Russian audiences. As a novelist, Pasternak is also known as the author of ""Doctor Zhivago"" (1957), a novel which takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the Second World War. ""Doctor Zhivago"" was rejected for"
"Viktor Burenin Viktor Petrovich Burenin (, March 6 [February 22, o.s.], 1841 in Moscow, Russian Empire – August 15, 1926 in Leningrad, Soviet Union) was a Russian literary and theatre critic, publicist, novelist, dramatist, translator and satirical poet notorious for his confrontational articles and satirical poems, mostly targeting leftist writers. He was the author of several popular plays (some co-authored by Alexey Suvorin), novels and opera librettos (Chaykovsky's ""Mazepa""; Cui's ""Angelo""). Viktor Burenin was born in Moscow, the twelfth child in the family of architect Pyotr Petrovich Burenin. As a student of the Moscow College of Architecture (1852-1859), he became"
"had real life prototypes, members of the Petrashevsky and Durov's circles (Rudkovsky as Durov, Slobodin as Fyodor Dostoyevsky). Palm's dramas ""Old Landlord"" (1873) and ""Our Friend Neklyuzhev"" (1879), staged by the Aleksandrinsky and Maly Theaters respectively, proved to be very popular with the public. Contemporary critics dismissed them, but in retrospect Russian literary historians see Palm's plays as superior to his prose and poetry. Alexander Palm Alexander Ivanovich Palm (Александр Иванович Пальм, 2 February [o.s. 21 January] 1822, Krasnoslobodsk, Penza Governorate, Russian Empire, - 22 [o.s. 10] November 1885, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire) was a Russian poet, novelist and playwright,"
"the title People's Artist of Russia and awarded the Order of Honour. Arkady Arkanov Arkady Mikhailovich Arkanov (; 7 June 1933 – 22 March 2015) was a Russian writer, playwright and stand-up comedian. Arkanov was born Arkady Mikhailovich Steinbock in Kiev, Ukraine. At the onset of World War II in 1941, he was evacuated to Siberia, together with his mother and younger brother. In April 1943, the family was reunited with their father in Moscow. In 1957, Arkanov graduated from the I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University and before becoming a writer worked as a family doctor. Between 1963"