"1946 Yugoslav Constitution The 1946 Yugoslav Constitution was the first constitution of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. It came into effect at its promulgation on January 31. In his address to the Fifth Congress of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, President Josip Broz Tito referred to several articles of the Constitution to demonstrate its liberal nature. Let us take only Article 1 of the Constitution, which says: ""The Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia is a federal national state of republican structure, a community of peoples enjoying equal rights, who on the basis of the right to self-determination, including the"
"President of Yugoslavia The President of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, or the President of the Republic for short, was the head of state of that country from 14 January 1953 to 4 May 1980. Josip Broz Tito was the only person to occupy the office. Broz was also concurrently President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia. Broz was eventually declared president for life and with his death in 1980 the office was discontinued and the new office of President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia took its place. The 1946 constitution defined the government of Yugoslavia headed by"
"People's Republic of Yugoslavia (in 1963, the state was renamed Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia). The government was first headed by a Prime Minister up to 14 January 1953, when major decentralization reforms reorganized the government into the Federal Executive Council chaired by a President. Josip Broz Tito held the post from 1944 to 1963. Five out of nine heads of government of Yugoslavia in this period were of Croatian ethnicity. Three were from Croatia itself (Josip Broz Tito, Mika Špiljak, and Milka Planinc), while two were Bosnian Croats (Branko Mikulić and Ante Marković). Ante Marković however, though a Croat"
"Republic of Yugoslavia in 1946, when a communist government was established. It acquired the territories of Istria, Rijeka, and Zadar from Italy. Partisan leader Josip Broz Tito ruled the country as president until his death in 1980. In 1963, the country was renamed again, as the ""Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"" (SFRY). The six constituent republics that made up the SFRY were the SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SR Croatia, SR Macedonia, SR Montenegro, SR Serbia, and SR Slovenia. Serbia contained two Socialist Autonomous Provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo, which after 1974 were largely equal to the other members of the federation."
"was abandoned after the split between Josip Broz Tito and Joseph Stalin in 1948. This led to some bitter sentiment between the people of Yugoslavia and Bulgaria in the aftermath. At the end of Second World War, the Partisans leader Josip Broz Tito, a Croat, became Yugoslav president, and the country become a socialist republic. Tito advocated Brotherhood and unity which meant equality among the ethnic groups, including non-Slav minorities. This led to relatively peaceful co-existence and prosperity until the breakup of the federation. Although early Pan-Slavism had found support among some Poles, it soon lost its appeal as the"
"its general secretary Marshal Josip Broz Tito, was a major movement within the government. Other political movements that joined the government included the ""Napred"" movement represented by Milivoje Marković. Democratic Federal Yugoslavia was ruled by Temporary Government consisting mostly of Unitary National Liberation Front members and small number of other political parties from former Kingdom of Yugoslavia. President of the Government was Josip Broz Tito. Communists held 22 minister positions, including Finances, Internal Affairs, Justice, Transport and others. Ivan Šubašić, from Croatian Peasant Party and former ban of Croatian Banovina, was minister of Foreign Affairs, while Milan Grol, from Democratic"
"The places of lowest religious concentration were Slovenia 65.4%, Serbia with 63.7% and Croatia with 63.6%. Religious differences between Orthodox Serbs, Catholic Croats, Muslim Bosniaks and Albanians alongside the rise of nationalism contributed to the collapse of Yugoslavia in 1991. On 7 April 1963, the nation changed its official name to Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Josip Broz Tito was named President for life. In the SFRY, each republic and province had its own constitution, supreme court, parliament, president and prime minister. At the top of the Yugoslav government were the President (Tito), the federal Prime Minister, and the"
"Hrvatska). General Milan Basta was a compatriot and a close friend of Jovanka Broz, the wife of Yugoslav leader and president, Josip Broz Tito. Milan Basta Milan Basta (1 March 1921 – 4 December 2007) was a Yugoslav World War II general, a member of the Partisan Movement and a publicist. He was born in 1921 in Kurjak, a village in Lika – a region in today’s Croatia. He attended grammar school in Zagreb, Croatia where he joined the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia (SKOJ) in 1939. In 1941 he became a member of the Yugoslav Communist Party. After"
"the state's existence. It was composed of individual communist parties from each constituent republic. The party would reform its political positions through party congresses in which delegates from each republic were represented and voted on changes to party policy, the last of which was held in 1990. Yugoslavia's parliament was known as the Federal Assembly which was housed in the building which currently houses Serbia's parliament. The Federal Assembly was completely composed of Communist members. The primary political leader of the state was Josip Broz Tito, but there were several other important politicians, particularly after Tito's death: see the list"
"1963 and 1968. Constitutional amendments in 1971 created a new collective presidency consisting of republican representatives, still presided over by the President of the Republic. The 1974 constitution gave the then 82-year old Broz an unlimited mandate, making him president-for-life. It also created a new rotating office of President of the Presidency which would take effect in the event of Broz's death. The sitting Vice President of the Presidency would succeed him in this case. This eventually occurred on 4 May 1980 when Lazar Koliševski became the first President of the Presidency upon Broz's death. President of Yugoslavia The President"
"in Europe until the 1990s. It was mostly held together in the latter half of the 20th century by Josip Broz Tito, a president strongman who ruled by force of personality. Tensions rose between the different ethnic groups in Yugoslavia - including the Croats, Serbs, Albanians, Bosnians, Montenegrins, Macedonians, Slovenians, and Kosovars. New separate states formed: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia. The destructive Yugoslav Wars in the 1990s cost many lives. The fragmentation of power in Yugoslavia, disputed elections, and the discontent of the differentiated ethnic political groups are the main factors resulting in Yugoslavia"
"soon as possible): Josip Broz Tito leading the NKOJ in occupied Yugoslavia, and Ivan Šubašić leading the King's government-in-exile in London. With the Tito-Šubašić Agreement in 1944, the two prime ministers agreed that the new joint government would be led by Tito. After the liberation of Yugoslavia's capital Belgrade in October 1944, the joint government was officially formed on 2 November 1944, with Josip Broz Tito as the Prime Minister. After the war, elections were held ending in an overwhelming victory for Tito's People's Front. The new parliament deposed King Peter II on 29 November 1945, and declared a Federal"
"in Yugoslavia and abroad. Viewed as a unifying symbol, his internal policies maintained the peaceful coexistence of the nations of the Yugoslav federation. He gained further international attention as the chief leader of the Non-Aligned Movement, alongside Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, Sukarno of Indonesia, and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana. Broz was born to a Croat father and Slovene mother in the village of Kumrovec, Austria-Hungary (now in Croatia). Drafted into military service, he distinguished himself, becoming the youngest sergeant major in the Austro-Hungarian Army of that time. After being seriously wounded and captured by the"
"Croatia and Bosnia. These same historians also established the deaths of 192,000 to 207,000 ethnic Croats and 86,000 to 103,000 Muslims from all affiliations and causes throughout Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was in its heyday a regional industrial power and an economic success. From 1960 to 1980, annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaged 6.1 percent, medical care was free, literacy was 91 percent, and life expectancy was 72 years. Yugoslavia was a unique state, straddling both the East and West. Moreover, its president, Josip Broz Tito, was one of the fundamental founders of the ""third world"" or ""group of 77"" which"
"1992. In the Yugoslav Wars, Montenegrin forces notably led the Siege of Dubrovnik. Radovan Karadžić, former war-time president of Republika Srpska, is often mistaken as a Bosnian Serb—he was in fact an ethnic Drobnjak who was born in Šavnik. He was known to have supported a united state between Republika Srpska, Serbia, and Montenegro. Throughout his mandate, Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević appointed several Montenegrin politicians like Milo Đukanović and Svetozar Marović who would cooperate with his regime to a great degree and then denounce him years later. On February 4, 2003, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changed its name to"
"a good house, but he was unable to make a success of farming. Josip spent a significant proportion of his pre-school years living with his maternal grandparents at Podsreda, where he became a favourite of his grandfather Martin Javeršek, and by the time he returned to Kumrovec to commence school he spoke Slovene better than Croatian, and had learned to play the piano. Despite his mixed parentage, Broz often referred to himself as a Croat. In July 1900, at the age of eight, Broz entered primary school at Kumrovec, but only completed four years of school, failing the 2nd grade"
"representatives of the six republics, the two autonomous provinces within Serbia and (until 1988) the President of the League of Communists. The 1974 constitution affirmed Josip Broz Tito with an unlimited mandate which ensured the new office of President of the Presidency would not come into effect until after his death. The first President of the Presidency was to be the then standing Vice President of the Presidency. When Broz died on 4 May 1980, the then Vice President of the Presidency Lazar Koliševski acceded to the role of President of the Presidency. Subsequent to this the role of President"
"Presidency of Yugoslavia The Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (, Председништво СФРЈ; ; Slovene: ""Predsedstvo SFRJ""; ), also known as the Presidium, was the collective head of state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It was established in 1971 according to amendments to the 1963 Constitution and reorganized by the 1974 Constitution. Up to 1974, the Presidency had 23 members – three from each republic, two from each autonomous province and President Josip Broz Tito. In 1974 the Presidency was reduced to 9 members – one from each republic and autonomous province and, until 1988, President"
"The Tito–Stalin, or Yugoslav–Soviet split took place in the spring and early summer of 1948. Its title pertains to Josip Broz Tito, at the time the Yugoslav Prime Minister (President of the Federal Assembly), and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin. In the West, Tito was thought of as a loyal communist leader, second only to Stalin in the Eastern Bloc. However, having largely liberated itself with only limited Red Army support, Yugoslavia steered an independent course, and was constantly experiencing tensions with the Soviet Union. Yugoslavia and the Yugoslav government considered themselves allies of Moscow, while Moscow considered Yugoslavia a satellite"
"Josip Broz as organizational secretary, and in December Broz and other leaders returned to Yugoslavia, where they pursued an anti-fascist policy and initiated a campaign for solidarity with Spanish republicans, which channeled help through the Paris branch of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia. Those leaders remaining in Moscow were hit by Stalin's Great Purge, in which many party members were arrested and shot, including the most prominent former leaders of Yugoslavia's Communists: Filip Filipović, Sima Marković, Jovan Mališić, as well as the current general secretary Milan Gorkić, who was deposed and shot in 1937. The party work was further hampered"
"state. The Serbs were divided into these two factions, that fought not only Nazi Germany and all the other neighbour Axis allied countries which also invaded different territories of Yugoslavia — the Italians, Hungarians and Bulgarians — but also each other. Beside this, other Yugoslav non-Serb nationalists took advantage of the situation and allied themselves with the Axis countries, regarding this moment as their historical opportunity of fulfilling their own irredentist aspirations, the Independent State of Croatia being by far the most brutal one. After the war, victorious Partisan leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito became the head of state of"
"Jože Brilej Jože Brilej (nom de guerre ""Bolko,"" 1 January 1910 – 8 May 1981) was a diplomat, politician, ambassador, colonel, Partisan, war hero, revolutionary, lawyer, judge, and close associate of Josip Broz Tito. Brilej was born in Presečno, Dobje pri Planini, Slovenia. He served as the Yugoslav ambassador to London, New York City, Mexico, Cairo, Egypt and Yemen, permanent representative of Yugoslavia to the United Nations for life, President of the United Nations Security Council in 1956, member of the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine, president of the supreme court of Slovenia, editor of ""Ljudska pravica"", and political"
"However, today the site is open again to tourists and to people who wish to pay their respects. Many guests, from all over the former Yugoslavia, visit the place, especially on May 25 (Tito's official birth date) - the former Youth Day under Socialism. The memorial was reportedly visited by more than eleven thousand people in 2004, and since 1982, more than 17,000,000 people. House of Flowers (mausoleum) House of Flowers (; ; ) is the resting place of Josip Broz Tito (1892–1980), the President of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and his wife Jovanka Broz (1924–2013). It is"
"of Yugoslavia and made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia with Belgrade as its capital. In addition, it included two autonomous provinces within Serbia: Kosovo and Vojvodina. The SFRY traces to 26 November 1942, when the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia was formed during World War II. On 29 November 1945, the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia was proclaimed after King Peter II deposed, thus ending the monarchy. Until 1948, the new communist government originally sided with the Eastern bloc under the leadership of Josip Broz Tito at the"
"his contemporary Tomislav Maretić. Ivan Broz Ivan Broz (21 January 1852 – 25 December 1893) was a Croatian linguist and literary historian. Broz was born in Klanjec where he attended primary school, then moved to primary school in Varaždin, and gymnasium in Karlovac, Požega, and Zagreb, where he graduated. In Innsbruck, he started studying theology, but eventually abandoned it in order to study Croatian language, history, and geography at the newly established Croatian university in Zagreb. He served as a substitute teacher in Zagreb, and as a regular teacher in the upper secondary schools in Osijek, Požega, and Zagreb. He"
"President of the Presidency of Yugoslavia The office of the President of the Presidency of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia existed from the death of the President of the Republic for life Josip Broz Tito on 4 May 1980 until the dissolution of the country by 1992. A collective presidency existed in Yugoslavia since amendments to the 1963 Constitution in 1971. In 1974 a new Constitution was adopted which reaffirmed the collective federal presidency consisting of representatives of the six republics, the two autonomous provinces within Serbia and (until 1988) the President of the League of Communists. The 1974"
"a profound significance for the history of the Croatian people. In Stepinac's absence, the Archbishop of Belgrade Josip Ujčić became acting president of the Bishops' Conference of Yugoslavia, a position he held until Stepinac's death. In March 1947 the president of the People's Republic of Croatia Vladimir Bakarić made an official visit to Lepoglava prison to see Stepinac. He offered that he sign a plea for amnesty to Yugoslavia's leader Josip Broz, who would, in turn, allow Stepinac to leave the country. Instead, Stepinac gave Bakarić a request to Broz that he be retried by a neutral court. He also"
"Liberation of Yugoslavia (NKOJ) Josip Broz Tito, concluded in June 1944 an agreement by which Šubašić accepted AVNOJ's reorganisation of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Andrija Hebrang called the Croatian partisan state, which received its final form on the third session of ZAVNOH held between 8 and 9 May 1944 in Topusko, the ""Free Federal State of Croatia"". At this session, ZAVNOH revived the continuity of the Croatian Parliament which had been abolished in 1918. During June 1944, the Croatian island of Vis became the military, political and diplomatic center of the National Liberation Movement. With the full liberation of Dalmatia"
"Yugoslavia Stipe Mesić, and President of the Federal Executive Council of Yugoslavia Ante Marković. All survived the attack. On the following day, the Croatian Parliament declared independence of Croatia from Yugoslavia. In 1992, the President moved its residence to the Presidential Palace. ""Banski dvori"" were built in the baroque classicism style at the end of the 18th century on the site of the Petar Zrinski's house. Since the properties of the Zrinski family were seized in 1671 after unsuccessful Magnate conspiracy, Petar Zrinski's house on St. Mark's Square was sold to the Čikulini family, later to Count Petar Troilo Sermage"
"President of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia The President of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, formerly the General Secretary of the Central Committee, was the head of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia Central Committee. As the leader of the Central Committee, the President was the leader of SFR Yugoslavia. The longest serving officeholder was Josip Broz Tito, serving from 1939 to his death in 1980. ! colspan=7| Political Secretaries (1919–1920) ! colspan=7| Organizational Secretary (1919–1920) ! colspan=7| Presidents of the Central Party Committee (1920–1921) ! colspan=7| Political Secretaries (1920–1921) !"
"Borisav Jović Borisav Jović (, ; born 19 October 1928) is a economist, former Serbian and Yugoslav diplomat and politician, who was Yugoslavia's ambassador to Italy from the mid to late 1970s, was the Serbian representative of the collective presidency of Yugoslavia during the late 1980s and early 1990s, was the President of Yugoslavia from 1990-91, and was a leading figure in the Socialist Party of Serbia in the 1990s. Jović was a close ally and advisor of Serbian official Slobodan Milošević and helped Milošević attain power during the anti-bureaucratic revolution. He served as chairman of the presidency of Yugoslavia"
"Imperial Russians during World War I, he was sent to a work camp in the Ural Mountains. He participated in some events of the Russian Revolution in 1917 and subsequent Civil War. Upon his return home, Broz found himself in the newly established Kingdom of Yugoslavia, where he joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ). He was General Secretary (later Chairman of the Presidium) of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (1939–1980) and went on to lead the World War II Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the Partisans (1941–1945). After the war, he was the Prime Minister (1944–1963), President (later President for"
"on the territory of the Nazi-puppet state, the so-called Independent State of Croatia (NDH). Nevertheless, many Jews were given refuge during the war by the anti-Nazi resistance movement led by the marshal Josip Broz Tito, an ethnic Croat. 115 Croats were honored with the title Righteous Among the Nations. After the War, half of the survivors choose to settle in Israel while an estimated 2,500 continued to live in Croatia. Today there are 9 synagogues with Jewish organizations in Croatia; Zagreb (x2), Rijeka, Osijek, Split, Dubrovnik, Čakovec, Daruvar and Slavonski Brod. Zagreb Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences's Chair of"