"First Merkel cabinet Merkel's first cabinet led the government of Germany from 22 November 2005 to 27 October 2009 throughout the 16th ""Bundestag"". Led by Christian Democrat Angela Merkel, the first female chancellor in German history, the cabinet was supported by a grand coalition between the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU), and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). It followed the Second Schröder cabinet. It ceased to function after the formation of Second Merkel cabinet, which was created after the 2009 federal elections, and was later sworn in on 28 October 2009. The federal"
"Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany ( or SPD; ) is a social-democratic political party in Germany. Led by Andrea Nahles since 2018, the party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in Germany along with the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). The Social Democrats have governed at the federal level in Germany as part of a grand coalition with the CDU and the Christian Social Union (CSU) since December 2013 following the results of the 2013 and 2017 federal elections. The party participates in 14 state governments and 7 of them are governed"
"the exit from nuclear power. This policy was reversed by Merkel before she was forced into a u-turn by Fukushima.] for a sustainable energy supply, the ""Debt Brake"" (""Schuldenbremse"") for balanced budgets, the reform of German immigration laws, and high-tech strategies for the informatization and future transition of the German economy, summarized as Industry 4.0. In December 2013, the grand coalition was re-established in a Third Merkel cabinet. The FDP Liberals are not present in the Bundestag for the first time. Since 2014, the newly established conservative Alternative for Germany (AfD) party were elected for various Landtag mandates. Major political"
"of coalition partner by a Chancellor in German history and the first centre-right coalition government since 1998. CDU/CSU–FDP coalition lasted until 2013 federal elections, when FDP failed to win any seats in Bundestag. The CDU/CSU formed a new grand coalition with the SPD. In October 2018, Merkel announced that she would step down as leader of the CDU in December 2018, but wanted to remain as Chancellor until 2021. On 7 December 2018, Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer was elected as new party leader of the CDU in the Christian Democratic Union of Germany leadership election. While Adenauer and Erhard co-operated with non-Nazi"
"Bavaria due to the alliance with Bavarian sister party, the CSU. Christian Democratic Union of Germany The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (, CDU; ) is a Christian democratic and liberal-conservative political party in Germany. It is the major catch-all party of the centre-right in German politics. The CDU forms the CDU/CSU grouping, also known as the Union, in the Bundestag with its Bavarian counterpart the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). The party is widely considered an effective successor of the Centre Party, although it has a broader base. The leader of the CDU is Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer. She is"
"Germany, for instance, coalition government is the norm, as it is rare for either the Christian Democratic Union of Germany together with their partners the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CDU/CSU), or the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), to win an unqualified majority in a national election. Thus, at the federal level, governments are formed with at least two parties. For example, Helmut Kohl's CDU governed for years in coalition with the Free Democratic Party (FDP); from 1998 to 2005 Gerhard Schröder's SPD was in power with the Greens; and from 2009 Angela Merkel, CDU/CSU was in power with"
"Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (; ; born 9 August 1962), commonly referred to by her initials ""AKK"", is a German politician who is the leader of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since her election at the party conference in December 2018, succeeding Angela Merkel in that role. She previously served as secretary general of the party, and as Minister-President (chief minister) of Saarland from 2011 to 2018, the first woman to lead the government of Saarland and fourth woman to head a German state government. Kramp-Karrenbauer is regarded as socially conservative, but on the CDU's left wing in economic"
"historical result at the 2017 federal election, obtaining a mere 20.5% of the share. In 2018, after the party joined a grand coalition government with Angela Merkel's party , the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the third since 2005, it suffered a string of electoral setbacks at the Bavarian and Hessian state elections, where it lost its condition as the second largest party. Concurrently, the party scored as low as 14% in opinion polls conducted nationwide, being frequently outpolled by Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne) and Alternative for Germany (AfD). The Labour Party fell from 33 to 7 seats after the 2016"
"to enter parliament. In the 2017 election, Merkel led her party to victory for the fourth time. Both CDU/CSU and SPD received a significantly lower proportion of the vote than they did in the 2013 election. and attempted to form a coalition with the FDP and Greens. The collapse of these talks led to stalemate. The German President Frank-Walter Steinmeier appealed to the SPD to change their hard stance and to consider a 3rd grand coalition with the CDU/CSU. Recent news has said that her successor, Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer may take over Merkel's position, if she does not win the upcoming"
"making it the fifth-largest party in Germany. The party participates in governments in the states of Brandenburg, as junior partner to the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD); Thuringia with the SPD and The Greens in a three-party coalition with The Left parliamentarian Bodo Ramelow serving as Minister-President; and Berlin with the SPD and Greens in a three-party coalition, led by Michael Müller of the SPD. The Peaceful Revolution in East Germany which led to the replacement of Communist leader Erich Honecker in October 1989 led to a new generation of politicians in East Germany's ruling Socialist Unity Party (SED)"
"by the Leader of the Social Democratic Party. He/she is supported by six Deputy Leaders and the party executive. The current leader is Andrea Nahles. The current Deputy Leaders are Manuela Schwesig, Ralf Stegner, Olaf Scholz, Thorsten Schäfer-Gümbel, Natascha Kohnen and Maria Luise ""Malu"" Dreyer. As Germany is a federal republic, each of Germany's states have their own SPD party at the state level. The current leaders of the SPD state parties are the following: Social Democratic Party of Germany The Social Democratic Party of Germany ( or SPD; ) is a social-democratic political party in Germany. Led by Andrea"
"is bound by domestic law only to deploy troops for defence roles. In the 2005 elections, Angela Merkel became the first female chancellor of Germany as the leader of a grand coalition. In 2009 the German government approved a €50 billion economic stimulus plan to protect several sectors from a downturn. In 2009, a liberal-conservative coalition under Merkel assumed leadership of the country. In 2013, a grand coalition was established in a Third Merkel cabinet. Among the major German political projects of the early 21st century are the advancement of European integration, the energy transition (""Energiewende"") for a sustainable energy"
"The Blue Party (Germany) The Blue Party () is a national-conservative political party in Germany that was founded on the initiative of the former leader of the Alternative for Germany (AfD), Frauke Petry, after she left the party following the 2017 federal election. The party presents itself as more moderate than the AfD, and aims to attract social conservatives, right-wing liberals and former AfD members to join the party. , the party has one member in the Bundestag, one in the state parliament of Saxony and four members in the state parliament of North Rhine-Westphalia. The party is officially chaired"
"Free Democratic Party (Germany) The Free Democratic Party (, FDP) is a liberal and classical liberal political party in Germany. The FDP is led by Christian Lindner. The FDP was founded in 1948 by members of former liberal political parties which existed in Germany before World War II, namely the German Democratic Party and the German People's Party. For most of the German Federal Republic's history, it has held the balance of power in the Bundestag. It was a junior coalition partner to the CDU/CSU (1949–1956, 1961–1966, 1982–1998 and 2009–2013) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (1969–1982). In the"
"the party to victory albeit with loses. After the election, together with the Green Party and the left-wing Die Linke Müller formed a government. As one of the state's representatives at the Bundesrat, Müller has been serving on the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on European Affairs and on the Committee on Cultural Affairs since 2014. Müller was a SPD delegate to the Federal Convention for the purpose of electing the President of Germany in 2004, 2009 and 2012. In the negotiations to form a coalition government under the leadership of Chancellor Angela Merkel following the 2017 federal elections,"
"Chancellor Angela Merkel following the 2017 federal elections, Krehl is currently part the working group on European policy, led by Peter Altmaier, Alexander Dobrindt and Achim Post. In 1998 Krehl was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit. Constanze Krehl Constanze Angela Krehl (born 14 October 1956) is a German politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Germany. She is a member of the Social Democratic Party, part of the Party of European Socialists. After Krehl received her diploma from German secondary school in 1975 in Leipzig, she studied at the Technische Universität Dresden (Technical University Dresden) and graduated"
"the two largest parties, usually the Christian Democrats (CDU/CSU) with the Social Democrats (SPD). While Germany has historically tended to favor narrow coalitions of one of the two largest parties with the FDP or with the Greens, four grand coalitions have been formed on a federal level: the Kiesinger cabinet (1966–1969), the First Merkel cabinet (2005–2009), the Third Merkel cabinet (2013-2018), and the Fourth Merkel cabinet (since 2018). Under the Weimar Republic, a grand coalition was one including all of the major parties of the left, center, and center-right who formed the basis of most governments - the SPD, the"
"the trade unions and the SPD's left wing. Agenda 2010 had five goals: tax cuts; labor market deregulation, especially relaxing rules protecting workers from dismissal and setting up Hartz concept job training; modernizing the welfare state by reducing entitlements; decreasing bureaucratic obstacles for small businesses; and providing new low-interest loans to local governments. From 2005 to 2009, Germany was ruled by a grand coalition led by the CDU's Angela Merkel as chancellor. Since the 2009 elections, Merkel has headed a centre-right government of the CDU/CSU and FDP. Together with France and other EU states, Germany has played the leading role"
"the Federal Convention for the purpose of electing the President of Germany in 2004, 2009, 2010 and 2012. In 2015, Bavaria's Minister President Horst Seehofer nominated her as one of his deputies in the office of CSU chairman, making her part of the party’s leadership. In the negotiations to form a fourth cabinet under Chancellor Angela Merkel following the 2017 federal elections, Niebler led the working group on families, alongside Annette Widmann-Mauz and Katarina Barley. Angelika Niebler Angelika Niebler (née Rupertseder; born 18 February 1963) is a German politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Germany. She is"
"Christian Democratic Union of Germany leadership election, 2018 The 2018 Christian Democratic Union leadership election took place during the party's 31st Congress in Hamburg at the Messehallen convention center on 7–8 December following Angela Merkel's decision in October 2018 not to stand for party leader at the 2018 party conference following the party's bad performance in the 2018 Hessian state election and the party's consistently low numbers in national polls. In the subsequent party executive meeting on 29 October 2018, both the CDU's General Secretary Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer and the Federal Minister of Health Jens Spahn announced their candidacy in the"
"West German counterpart, the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). From February 1990, Angela Merkel served as the party's spokeswoman. After the mergers, Merkel was elected in the post-unification election as a member of the all-German Bundestag for the CDU, and eventually became Chancellor of Germany in 2005. Democratic Awakening Democratic Awakening () was an East German political movement and political party that was active during the Fall of Communism and in the period leading up to the German reunification. While it was a relatively minor party, it took part in the first democratically elected government in East Germany in 1990, and"
"Germany movement appears as a conglomerate of numerous small parties, voters' associations and societies, distinguishing themselves by campaigns against Islamic extremism and Muslim immigrants. Its representatives claim a zero tolerance policy and the combat of corruption. With the denial of a multiethnic society (""Überfremdung"") and the islamization, their politics extend to far-right positions. Other minor right-wing populist parties include the German Freedom Party founded in 2010, the former East German German Social Union (DSU) and the dissolved Party for a Rule of Law Offensive (""Schill party""). The most prominent right-wing populist party in Greece is the Independent Greeks (ANEL). Despite"
"President of Germany in 2017. On 14 March 2018, Fegebank became the acting head of the government of Hamburg after Olaf Scholz moved to the new Federal Government, until Peter Tschentscher was elected new Mayor of Hamburg on 28 March 2018. She continued to act as Second Mayor and Senator for Science, Research, and Equal Rights in his government. Katharina Fegebank Katharina Fegebank (born 27 February 1977) is a politician in the German political party Alliance '90/The Greens. On 22 June 2008, Fegebank was elected chair of the Green-Alternative List (GAL) in Hamburg, and became the youngest ever leader of"
"Merkel. On July 17, 2015, he voted against the government’s proposal to negotiate a third bailout for Greece. In June 2017, he voted against Germany’s introduction of same-sex marriage. On 16 March 2018, he was one of three CDU members who broke ranks with their parliamentary group in not voting against a motion of the Alternative for Germany; instead they decided to abstain from the vote. Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2018, Willsch publicly endorsed Friedrich Merz to succeed Angela Merkel as the party’s chair. Willsch is married and has five children. The family resides in Holzhausen,"
"Coalition"" of Chancellor Angela Merkel's Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the Social Democrats (SPD) following the 2013 federal elections, Schummer was part of the CDU/CSU delegation in the working group on education and research policy, led by Johanna Wanka and Doris Ahnen. Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2018, Schummer publicly endorsed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer to succeed Angela Merkel as the party’s chair. Uwe Schummer Uwe Schummer (born 14 November 1957 in Adelaide, Australia) is a German politician of the (CDU) from Willich. Schummer has been a member of the Bundestag since 2002. Since 2014"
"government of Germany, and was sworn in on 14 March 2018 after. The negotiations that led to a Grand Coalition agreement with the Social Democracts (SPD) were the longest in German post-war history, lasting almost six months. Midway through her second term, Merkel's approval plummeted in Germany, resulting in heavy losses in state elections for her party. An August 2011 poll found her coalition had only 36% support compared to a rival potential coalition's 51%. However, she scored well on her handling of the recent euro crisis (69% rated her performance as good rather than poor), and her approval rating"
"Leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany The Leader of the Social Democratic Party (""Vorsitzender der Sozialdemokratischen Partei Deutschlands"") is the most senior political figure within the Social Democratic Party of Germany. Since 22 April 2018, the office has been held by Andrea Nahles; who is the first female leader of the party. The Leader of the Social Democratic Party is supported by a General Secretary, which since December 2017 has been Lars Klingbeil. Furthermore, the leader is supported by six deputy leaders, which currently are Olaf Scholz, Manuela Schwesig, Malu Dreyer, Ralf Stegner, Thorsten Schäfer-Gümbel and Natascha Kohnen"
"countries and asked whether there is ""inner unification or continued separation"". ""The process of German unity has not ended yet"", proclaimed Chancellor Angela Merkel, who grew up in East Germany, in 2009. Nevertheless, the question of this ""inner reunification"" has been widely discussed in the German public, politically, economically, culturally, and also constitutionally since 1989. Politically, since the fall of the Wall, the successor party of the former East German socialist state party has become a major force in German politics. It was renamed PDS, and, later, merged with the Western leftist party WASG to form the party The Left"
"seats in the Bundestag for the first time in their history. Merkel's party reached a coalition agreement with the then-main opposition party, the Social Democrats (SPD), to form a grand coalition; the third in the country's history since World War II. The SPD leadership conducted a ratification vote by their broader membership before the agreement was made final. In the last federal election in 2009, the Christian Democratic Union (CDU); its Bavarian sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU); and the Free Democratic Party (FDP) won the election with Angela Merkel as Chancellor and Guido Westerwelle as Vice-Chancellor. The date"
"the directly elected federal parliament), every four years on the beginning of the electoral period after general elections. Between general elections, the Federal Chancellor (together with the whole cabinet) can only be removed from office by a ' (""constructive motion of no confidence"") which consists in the candidacy of an opposition candidate for the office of Chancellor in the '. If this candidate gets a majority of the entire membership of the "", he or she will be sworn in immediately as new Federal Chancellor. The current German "" is Angela Merkel of the CDU (Christian Democratic Union). The former"
"case anymore (as of October 2018). Alliance 90/The Greens Alliance 90/The Greens, often simply Greens ( or """"; ), is a green political party in Germany that formed in 1993 from the merger of the German Green Party (founded in West Germany in 1980 and merged with the East Greens in 1990) and Alliance 90 (founded during the Revolution of 1989–1990 in East Germany). The party focuses on ecological, economic, and social sustainability. Since January 2018 Annalena Baerbock and Robert Habeck have co-led the party. In the 2017 federal elections the Greens came sixth with 8.9% of the votes and"
"Democratic Awakening Democratic Awakening () was an East German political movement and political party that was active during the Fall of Communism and in the period leading up to the German reunification. While it was a relatively minor party, it took part in the first democratically elected government in East Germany in 1990, and is especially known because future Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel started her political career within the party. It was founded in October 1989, based on existing politically active church groups. Founding members included Wolfgang Schnur, Friedrich Schorlemmer, Rainer Eppelmann, Günter Nooke and Thomas Welz. The organisation"
"the non-partisan Europa-Union Deutschland, which is committed to a federal Europe and the European unification process. Within the CDU/CSU parliamentary group, Benning belongs to the Münsterland Circle (""Münsterlandrunde"") which brings together all parliamentarians from the eponymous region in Westphalia; it also includes Anja Karliczek and Jens Spahn, among others. In June 2017, Benning voted against her parliamentary group’s majority and in favor of Germany’s introduction of same-sex marriage. Ahead of the Christian Democrats’ leadership election in 2018, she publicly endorsed Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer to succeed Angela Merkel as the party’s chair. Benning is married and has two daughters and two sons."