"Jute Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced primarily from plants in the genus ""Corchorus"", which was once classified with the family Tiliaceae, and more recently with Malvaceae. The primary source of the fiber is ""Corchorus olitorius"", but it is considered inferior to ""Corchorus capsularis"". ""Jute"" is the name of the plant or fiber that is used to make burlap, hessian or gunny cloth. Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibers in existence and it is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of"
"Japanese tissue Japanese tissue is a thin, strong paper made from vegetable fibers. Japanese tissue may be made from one of three plants, the ""kōzo"" plant (""Broussonetia papyrifera"", paper mulberry tree), the mitsumata (""Edgeworthia chrysantha"") shrub and the gampi tree (""Diplomorpha sikokiana""). The long, strong fibers of the kōzo plant produce very strong, dimensionally stable papers, and are the most commonly used fibers in the making of Japanese paper (washi). Tissue made from ""kōzo"", or kōzogami (楮紙), comes in varying thicknesses and colors, and is an ideal paper to use in the mending of books. The majority of mending tissues"
"uses. Jute fibers are composed primarily of the plant materials cellulose and lignin. It falls into the bast fiber category (fiber collected from bast, the phloem of the plant, sometimes called the ""skin"") along with kenaf, industrial hemp, flax (linen), ramie, etc. The industrial term for jute fiber is ""raw jute"". The fibers are off-white to brown, and 1–4 metres (3–13 feet) long. Jute is also called the ""golden fiber"" for its color and high cash value. Jute plant needs a plain alluvial soil and standing water. The suitable climate for growing jute (warm and wet) is offered by the"
"Leaf fiber Leaf fibers or hard fibers are a type of plant fiber mainly used for cordage (producing rope). They are the toughest of the plant fibers which is most likely due to their increased lignin content when compared to the other groups of plant fibers. They are typically characterized as being very tough and rigid lending them towards being used in rope production over clothing or paper like other plant fibers. Leaf fibers can be found in the vascular bundles of plant leaves and therefore consist of both phloem and xylem tissues and any other vascular sheathing tissues (for"
"that may become easily irritated with more common exfoliating tools (such as a loofahs or washcloths). The product Lipozene is made from the konjac corm. In traditional hand papermaking in Japan, konnyaku imparts strength to paper for dyeing, rubbing, folding—and other manipulations, such as momigami. Konjac Konjac (or konjak, ) is a common name of the Asian plant Amorphophallus konjac (syn. ""A. rivieri""), which has an edible corm (bulbo-tuber). It is also known as konjaku, konnyaku potato, devil's tongue, voodoo lily, snake palm, or elephant yam (though this name is also used for ""A. paeoniifolius""). It is native to Yunnan"
"be reinserted by being sewn first onto a strip of Japanese paper, and then by pasting into the book along the newly formed hinge between the Japanese paper and original signature. Japanese tissue Japanese tissue is a thin, strong paper made from vegetable fibers. Japanese tissue may be made from one of three plants, the ""kōzo"" plant (""Broussonetia papyrifera"", paper mulberry tree), the mitsumata (""Edgeworthia chrysantha"") shrub and the gampi tree (""Diplomorpha sikokiana""). The long, strong fibers of the kōzo plant produce very strong, dimensionally stable papers, and are the most commonly used fibers in the making of Japanese paper"
"as ""Agaricus bisporus"" and oyster mushrooms (""Pleurotus"" spp.) are cultivated. Mould fungi are the source of the meaty (umami) flavour of the soybean products tempeh, miso and soy sauce. Tempeh has been produced in Java since the 13th century. Like tofu, it is made into protein-rich blocks, but these have a firm texture and earthy flavour, since (unlike tofu) the whole beans are retained, providing a higher content of dietary fibre and vitamins. Miso too is rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. It is fermented from a mixture of soybeans and cereals, forming a soft paste used to flavour soups"
"season from July to August. The bean-shaped achenes of the jackfruit are coated with a firm yellowish aril (seed coat, flesh), which has an intense sweet taste at maturity of the fruit. [3] The pulp is enveloped by many narrow strands of fiber (undeveloped perianth), which run between the hard shell and the core of the fruit and are firmly attached to it. When pruned, the inner part (core) secretes a very sticky, milky liquid, which can hardly be removed from the skin, even with soap and water. To clean the hands after ""unwinding"" the pulp an oil or other"
"as a material for snow tires (studless tires). The only significant disease Japanese walnuts are susceptible to is the Walnut Bunch Disease. Juglans ailantifolia Juglans ailantifolia (synonyms ""J. cordiformis"" and ""J. sieboldiana"" and ""J. mandshurica"" var. ""sachalinensis""), the Japanese walnut ( ""oni-gurumi""), is a species of walnut native to Japan and Sakhalin. It is a deciduous tree growing to tall, rarely , and 40–80 cm stem diameter, with light grey bark. The leaves are pinnate, 50–90 cm long, with 11-17 leaflets, each leaflet 7–16 cm long and 3–5 cm broad. The whole leaf is downy-pubescent, and a somewhat brighter, yellower"
"plaited from palm leaflets are the Tabaq (طبق), a flat tray for winnowing wheat and sorghum during the threshing process and a small fan called Hebabah (هبابة), for heating the coal during the preparation of the traditional coffee (""Gabenah"", جبنة). The connective tissue between young fronds, which eventually develops into a dried brown vascular bundle of rough fibre, attached to the lower edges of the midribs ensheathing the trunk, makes up a very durable tough fibre (cf. ZAID 2002). ""Lif"" can be woven to different strengths of ropes called Hibal (sing. ""Hibl"", حبل). Ropes are used for the handles of"
"Vegetable flannel Vegetable flannel is a type of flannel using fibres from the Scots pine, or ""pinus sylvestris"", rather than traditional woollen fibres. It is described as having a hemp like appearance, but with a tighter, softer texture. In addition to this, the term can also describe coarse linen used for underclothing. Invented in the early 19th century by L. Léopold Lairitz of Germany, the manufacture of vegetable flannel became a Black Forest industry due to the wide availability of the pines there which provided the raw materials. The raw fibre, called waldwolle (forest wool), and the pine oil were"
"Linen Linen is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant. Linen is laborious to manufacture, but the fiber is very strong, absorbent and dries faster than cotton. Garments made of linen are valued for their exceptional coolness and freshness in hot and humid weather. The word ""linen"" is of West Germanic origin and cognate to the Latin name for the flax plant, ""linum"", and the earlier Greek λινόν (""linón""). This word history has given rise to a number of other terms in English, most notably ""line,"" from the use of a linen (flax) thread to determine a"
"flax (""Linum usitatissimum"") have been known in Europe and Egypt for more than 3,000 years, those of hemp (""Cannabis sativa"") in China for just as long. These fibers, and those of jute (""Corchorus capsularis"") and ramie (""Boehmeria nivea"", a nettle), are extremely soft and elastic and are especially well suited for the processing to textiles. Their principal cell wall material is cellulose. Contrasting are hard fibers that are mostly found in monocots. Typical examples are the fiber of many grasses, agaves (sisal: ""Agave sisalana""), lilies (""Yucca"" or ""Phormium tenax""), ""Musa textilis"" and others. Their cell walls contain, besides cellulose, a"
"by different industries. Below are the images taken by a digital USB microscope. These show how the yarn looks in different kinds of clothes when magnified. Yarn Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, or ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or other lubricants to withstand the stresses involved in sewing. Embroidery threads are yarns specifically designed for needlework. The word yarn comes from Middle English, from the"
"wood is dense (640 kg/m), hard, and strong. Upon drying, the radial shrinkage is 2.2%, the tangential 4.7%. The pinnately compound leaves are borne alternately, and bear up to fifteen oval-lanceolate finely serrate leaflets. The immature fruits are pickled whole for human consumption. The mature nuts are also eaten. Like most walnuts, ""J. australis"" produces juglone, an allelopathic substance which decreases competition from other plants growing nearby. The concentrated extract of the husk is also used as a vermifuge. Juglans australis Juglans australis, the nogal criollo, is a species of plant in the Juglandaceae family. This large, fast-growing tree can"
"Canavalia ensiformis Canavalia ensiformis, or (common) jack bean, is a legume which is used for animal fodder and human nutrition, especially in Brazil where it is called feijão-de-porco (""pig bean""). It is also the source of concanavalin A. ""C. ensiformis"" is a twining plant up to in height. It has deep roots, which makes it drought resistant. The plant can spread via long runners. The flowers are pink-purple in colour. The pods are up to long with large white seeds. The plant is not in large-scale commercial cultivation. The beans are mildly toxic, and copious consumption should be avoided. Boiling"
"inhabitants ""Jersey beans"" (this epithet is sometimes considered derogatory, but a Jersey primary school French coursebook ""Salut Jersey"" featured two beans ""Haricot"" and ""Mangetout""). Nettle (""ortchie"") soup was once a popular dish and was considered a tonic for the heart. Jersey wonders (""les mèrvelles"") a sort of rich twisted doughnut is made less in the home than formerly but is still a popular treat at fairs and festivals. A sort of wonder poached in milk is known as a fliotte (""eune fliotte""). Cabbage loaf is the traditional Jersey bread baked between two cabbage leaves. Historically, Jersey produced sturdy walking sticks"
"vegetable shortening also became common in the food industry. In addition, vast US government-financed surpluses of cottonseed oil, corn oil, and soy beans also helped create a market in low-cost vegetable shortening. Crisco, owned by The J.M. Smucker Company since 2002, remains the best-known brand of shortening in the US, nowadays consisting of a blend of partially and fully hydrogenated soybean and palm oils. In Ireland and the UK, Trex is a popular brand, while in Australia, Copha is popular, although made primarily from coconut oil. A short dough is one that is crumbly or mealy. The opposite of a"
"Yarn Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, or ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or other lubricants to withstand the stresses involved in sewing. Embroidery threads are yarns specifically designed for needlework. The word yarn comes from Middle English, from the Old English ""gearn"", akin to Old High German's ""garn"" yarn, Greek's ""chordē"" string, and Sanskrit's ""hira"" band. Yarn can be made from a number of natural"
"Jersey cabbage The Jersey cabbage (""Brassica oleracea longata"") is a variety of cabbage native to the Channel Islands that grows to a great height and was formerly commonly used there as livestock fodder and for making walking sticks. It is also known as Jersey kale or cow cabbage, and by a variety of local names including giant cabbage, long jacks, tree cabbage and the French ""chour"" and ""chou à vacque"". The 'Jersey cabbage' develops a long stalk, commonly reaching in height, and can grow as tall as . Historically the stalks were made into walking sticks, of which 30,000 a"
"Juglans ailantifolia Juglans ailantifolia (synonyms ""J. cordiformis"" and ""J. sieboldiana"" and ""J. mandshurica"" var. ""sachalinensis""), the Japanese walnut ( ""oni-gurumi""), is a species of walnut native to Japan and Sakhalin. It is a deciduous tree growing to tall, rarely , and 40–80 cm stem diameter, with light grey bark. The leaves are pinnate, 50–90 cm long, with 11-17 leaflets, each leaflet 7–16 cm long and 3–5 cm broad. The whole leaf is downy-pubescent, and a somewhat brighter, yellower green than many other tree leaves. The male flowers are inconspicuous yellow-green catkins produced in spring at the same time as the"
"Japonica rice Japonica rice (""O. sativa"" subsp. ""japonica""), sometimes called sinica rice, is one of the two major domestic varieties of Asian rice. Japonica rice is extensively cultivated and consumed in China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, whereas in most other regions Indica rice is the dominant type of rice. Japonica rice grains are rounder, thicker, and harder, compared to longer, thinner, and fluffier Indica rice grains. Japonica rice is also stickier due to the higher content of amylopectin, whereas Indica rice starch consists of less amylopectin and more amylose. Japonica rice plants are shorter than Indica rice plants. Japonica rice"
"Bast fibre Bast fibre (also called phloem fibre or skin fibre) is plant fibre collected from the phloem (the ""inner bark"", sometimes called ""skin"") or bast surrounding the stem of certain dicotyledonous plants. They support the conductive cells of the phloem and provide strength to the stem. Some of the economically important bast fibres are obtained from herbs cultivated in agriculture, as for instance flax, hemp, or ramie, but also bast fibres from wild plants, as stinging nettle, and trees such as lime or linden, wisteria, and mulberry have been used in the past. Bast fibres are classified as soft"
"Jasmati Jasmati Rice is a conventionally bred, inbred line (variety) of long grain of rice whose name is derived from jasmine rice and basmati. Jasmati is neither ""genetically engineered"" (as in transgenic) nor is it an F1 hybrid. It is said to possess the traits of both grains – namely the softness (when cooked) of basmati, and the nutty aroma of jasmine – the latter in muted tones so as to be more subtle. It appears to have been first created in the United States. To what degree Jasmati is derived from its etymological parent grains is unknown and disputed."
"Jasmati Jasmati Rice is a conventionally bred, inbred line (variety) of long grain of rice whose name is derived from jasmine rice and basmati. Jasmati is neither ""genetically engineered"" (as in transgenic) nor is it an F1 hybrid. It is said to possess the traits of both grains – namely the softness (when cooked) of basmati, and the nutty aroma of jasmine – the latter in muted tones so as to be more subtle. It appears to have been first created in the United States. To what degree Jasmati is derived from its etymological parent grains is unknown and disputed."
"and bark. Eucalyptus marginata Eucalyptus marginata, commonly known as jarrah, djarraly in Noongar language and historically as Swan River mahogany, is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a tree with rough, fibrous bark, leaves with a distinct midvein, white flowers and relatively large, more or less spherical fruit. Its hard, dense timber is insect resistant although the tree is susceptible to dieback. The timber has been utilised for cabinet-making, flooring and railway sleepers. Jarrah is a tree which sometimes grows to a height of high with a trunk"
"מלוח ""MaLOo-aĤ"" ""salty"", mentions this vegetable potherb as ""mallow, giving rise to the term Jew's Mallow. It is high in protein, vitamin C, beta-carotene, calcium, and iron. On the other hand, it is used mainly for its fiber in Bangladesh, in other countries in Southeast Asia, and the South Pacific. Tossa jute fiber is softer, silkier, and stronger than white jute. This variety astonishingly shows good sustainability in the climate of the Ganges Delta. Along with white jute, tossa jute has also been cultivated in the soil of Bengal where it is known as ""paat"" from the start of the"
"sealed jars. For storage, the moisture should be around nine percent. ""Corchorus olitorius"" could be grown in a floating system with nutrient solution and could produce baby leaves, which would be interesting for the fresh cut leafy vegetable industry in Europe. Most of all the countries India, Bangladesh and other Asian countries make Jute from fibres of the bark tissue of Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius, while the fibre of ""C. olitorius"" is of lesser quality. The fibres are extracted from the plant’s bark. They appear golden and silky with a length of up to 3 metres and with a"
"Jujyfruits Jujyfruits are a chewy, gumdrop-like starch-based candy, manufactured by Ferrara Candy Company. Jujyfruits began production in 1920. They were popular in movie houses along with Heide's other gummy candy, Jujubes. The Jujyfruits shapes are Pineapple, Tomato, Raspberry, Grape Bundle, Asparagus Bundle, Banana, and Pea Pod. The banana shape is stamped with ""HEIDE."" Fruity flavors correspond to the colors (not the shapes) and include raspberry (red), anise/licorice (black), lime (green), orange (orange), and lemon (yellow). The candies are firm and harden with age or when chilled. A sour variety is also available. Until January 1999, the green sweets were mint"
"vegetable fibres, animal protein fibres and artificial fibres. Natural vegetable fibres include cotton, linen, jute and hemp. Animal protein fibres include wool and silk. Man-made fibres (made by industrial processes) including nylon, polyester will be used in some hobbies and hand crafts and in the developed world. Almost all commercial textiles are produced by industrial methods. Textiles are still produced by pre-industrial processes in village communities in Asia, Africa and South America. Creating textiles using traditional manual techniques is an artisan craft practised as a hobby in Europe and North America. Traditional practices are also kept alive by artisans in"
"eaten as a substitute for Indian pennywort. Flowering: June–July. Hydrocotyle javanica Hydrocotyle javanica, commonly known as Java pennywort, is a species of ""Hydrocotyle"". It is a prostrate herb found in NE India and SE Asia. Leaves are simple, circular-heart-shaped, with seven triangular shallow lobes. Leaves are 2.5-5 x 3-5.5 cm in size, and the margin has rounded teeth. Java pennywort is closely related to Indian pennywort. Tiny white flowers arise in 20 flowered umbels. Java pennywort is seen in shady, moist places at altitudes greater than 1300 m. Flowers have five greenish-white petals and five stamens. Fruit is broadly ovoid,"
"Chard Chard or Swiss chard (""Beta vulgaris"" subsp. ""vulgaris"", Cicla-Group and Flavescens-Group) () is a green leafy vegetable. In the cultivars of the Flavescens-Group, the leaf stalks are large and often prepared separately from the leaf blade. The leaf blade can be green or reddish in color; the leaf stalks are usually white, yellow, or red. Chard, like other green leafy vegetables, has highly nutritious leaves, making it a popular component of healthy diets. Chard has been used in cooking for centuries, but because of its similarity to beets and vegetables like cardoon, the common names that cooks and cultures"
"island, which continued exports of the meat to the continent of Europe. The breed is listed in the Ark of Taste, an international catalogue of endangered heritage foods that the global Slow Food movement maintains. Craft spinners and weavers like the wool for its softness and rich brown colour. The crafters use the un-dyed material to produce woolens and tweeds. The wool from Jersey's flock of Loaghtans (see below) is sold locally. The Loaghtan's wool has a high coating of lanolin wax, also known as wool wax or wool grease. Warm weather makes the lanolin viscous, which aids shearing. Some"