"more political nature, as in the 19th century, responding to the Age of Enlightenment, Great Synagogues were built in many capitals of Europe to show that Jews were full and free citizens. This is something the Jewish community now wished to show at a European level. It is hoped that the building will become a focus for Judaism in Europe, as St. Peter's Basilica is for Roman Catholics. Great Synagogue of Europe The Great Synagogue of Europe, formerly known as the Great Synagogue of Brussels, is the main synagogue in Brussels, Belgium which was dedicated as a focal point for"
"the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), Belgium has often been called the ""battlefield of Europe"" or the ""cockpit of Europe"". It is also remarkable as a European nation which contains, and is divided by, a language boundary between Latin-derived French and Germanic Dutch. Belgium's modern shape can be partly traced back at least as far as the ""Seventeen Provinces"" within the Burgundian Netherlands. These lands straddled the ancient boundary of the Scheldt that had divided medieval France and Germany, but they were brought together under the House of Valois-Burgundy, and unified into one autonomous territory by their heir Charles V, Holy"
"Western Europe (Portugal, Spain, France, the Netherlands, and to some extent England). This shift was caused by the successful circumnavigation of Africa, which opened up sea-trade with the east: after Portugal's Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope and landed in Calicut, India in May 1498, a new path of eastern trade was possible, ending the monopoly of the Ottoman Turks and the Italian city-states. The wealth of the Indies was now open for the Europeans to explore; the Portuguese Empire was one of the early European empires to grow from spice trade. Following this, Portugal became the"
"Europe"", referring to the weakening Ottoman Empire during the same period. Like the ""sick man of Europe"" term, it has also been used to refer to numerous other Asian countries. In 2014 at the Euromoney Philippines Investment Forum 2014, President Benigno Aquino III of the Philippines publicly defended his country from being labelled as the new ""sick man of Asia"", citing a Japan External Trade Organization survey that showed ""the Philippines as the second most profitable among ASEAN-5 countries, next to Thailand."" Reasons for the perceptions Aquino was defending against include its unequal growth and massive poverty, in which from"
"book """". In 2007, ""The Economist"" described Portugal as ""a new sick man of Europe"". A report by Morgan Stanley referred to France as the ""new sick man of Europe."" This label was reaffirmed in January 2014 by European newspapers such as ""The Guardian"" and ""Frankfurter Allgemeine"". They justified this with France's high unemployment, weak economic growth and poor industrial output. In July 2009, the nickname was given by EurActiv to Greece due to the 2008 Greek riots, rising unemployment and political corruption, bureaucracy and inefficiency. In spring 2011, Eurozine suggested that the European Union was the ""sick man of"
"southern Europe. By constantly depicting Italy as a ""picturesque place"", the travellers also unconsciously degraded Italy as a place of backwardness. This unconscious degradation is best reflected in the famous verses of Lamartine in which Italy is depicted as a ""land of the past... where everything sleeps."" After the advent of steam-powered transportation around 1825, the Grand Tour custom continued, but it was of a qualitative difference — cheaper to undertake, safer, easier, open to anyone. During much of the 19th century, most educated young men of privilege undertook the Grand Tour. Germany and Switzerland came to be included in"
"awards by the World Golf Awards. Portugal Portugal (), officially the Portuguese Republic ( ), is a country located mostly on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. It is the westernmost sovereign state of mainland Europe. It is bordered to the west and south by the Atlantic Ocean and to the north and east by Spain. Its territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, both autonomous regions with their own regional governments. Portugal is the oldest state on the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and"
"Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Mexico, Moldova, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Trinidad, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, United States, Uzbekistan, Venezuela Again, a huge number of journalists from all around the world were on board, for example Age Of Metal (USA), Aardschok (Netherlands), Abort"
"Countries; The Iberian Peninsula. 1958: France 1959: Austria, Burma, South Pacific, Turkey, 1961: Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina. 1962: Belgium, Ceylon, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy 1964 Hawaii, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam 1967 Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Laos, Belize, Sikkim 1969 Papua New Guinea 1972 Afghanistan 1972 Singapore, Iceland 1972 Republic of Ireland 1974 Hong Kong, South East Arabia 1975 Niger 1977 Greece 1978 Burundi, Mauritania, the Bahamas, Oman, Qatar, the Mariana Islands, Cyprus 1980: Transkei 1981"
"Cape St. Vincent Cape St. Vincent (, ) is a headland in the municipality of Vila do Bispo, in the Algarve, southern Portugal. It is the southwesternmost point of Portugal and of mainland Europe. Cape St. Vincent was already sacred ground in Neolithic times, as standing menhirs in the neighborhood attest. The ancient Greeks called it Ophiussa (Land of Serpents), inhabited by the Oestriminis and dedicated here a temple to Heracles. The Romans called it ""Promontorium Sacrum"" (or Holy Promontory). Strabo, in his Geography call this cape the most western tip of the known world and reports the place was"
"prosperous and cosmopolitan centre of commerce and culture. Between the 16th and early 19th centuries, Belgium served as the battleground between many European powers, earning the moniker the ""Battlefield of Europe"", a reputation strengthened by both world wars. The country emerged in 1830 following the Belgian Revolution when it seceded from the Netherlands. Belgium participated in the Industrial Revolution and, during the course of the 20th century, possessed a number of colonies in Africa. The second half of the 20th century was marked by rising tensions between the Dutch-speaking and the French-speaking citizens fueled by differences in language and culture"
"Palace of Europe The Palace of Europe () is a building located in Strasbourg, France, that has served as the seat of the Council of Europe since 1977 when it replaced the 'House of Europe'. Between 1977 and 1999 it was also the Strasbourg seat of the European Parliament. The first assemblies of the Council of Europe used to take place in the stately, 1880s main building of Strasbourg University, the former ""Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität"". Between 1950 and 1977, they took place in a provisory concrete building of purely functional architecture, the House of Europe (""Maison de l'Europe""), that stood where there"
"President and CEO of Auto Europe. In 1995, Auto Europe began offering airfare and hotels under the name Destination Europe. In 2010, they re-branded this division as Fly International. International car rental is the main service sold by Auto Europe. In addition to traditional self-driven rental cars, Auto Europe books luxury and sport vehicles, motorhome and campervan rentals, motorcycle rentals, long term rentals of factory new Peugeots (through the Peugeot Open Europe program), as well as chauffeur and airport transfer services. Auto Europe has been nominated for numerous World Travel Awards, including Europe's Leading Car Rental Company (2005, 2006, 2007,"
"underestimate the Ottoman Empire, leading in part to the disastrous Gallipoli Campaign. However, the ""sick man"" eventually collapsed after defeat in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. After the demise of the Ottoman Empire, academics have cited many nations as the ""sick men"" of the Old World, having at one point or another widespread economic misery, sociopolitical turmoil, lower public morale and (in the case of bigger countries) diminished global status, the 1920s-era Weimar Germany being the earliest example. Throughout the late 1960s and 1970s, the United Kingdom was frequently called the ""sick man of Europe"", first by"
"Kazakhstan"" (2008), "" Kuwait ""(1963), ""Kyrgyzstan ""(1997),"" Lesotho (1974), Liberia (1953), Libya (1957), Madagascar (1964), Malawi ""(1965),"" Mali ""(1973),"" Malta ""(1966),"" Mauritania ""(1986),"" Mauritius ""(1969),"" Mexico ""(1954),"" Monaco ""(1954),"" Mongolia ""(1968),"" Montenegro"" (2006),"" Morocco ""(1959),"" Myanmar ""(1957),"" Nepal ""(1963),"" Netherlands ""(1955),"" New Zealand ""(1953),"" Nicaragua ""(1986),"" Niger ""(1964),"" Nigeria ""(1961),"" Norway ""(1957),"" Pakistan ""(1955), ""Paraguay ""(2007),"" Papua New Guinea ""(1982),"" Philippines ""(1955),"" Romania ""(1957),"" Russia ""(1956), as the Soviet Union),"" St Lucia ""(1990),"" St Vincent and the Grenadines ""(1981),"" Saudi Arabia ""(1973),"" Serbia ""(2001, as Serbia and Montenegro),"" Sierra Leone (1962), Solomon Islands ""(1981),"" South Africa ""(1953),"" Spain ""(1927),"" Sri"
"first ever winner of the contest was Finland who received a total of 132 points. 2nd place went to Ukraine, 3rd to Ireland, 4th to Poland and 5th place to Austria and Portugal, who received both 74 points. The host venue was the BBC Television Centre, White City, London, which opened in 1960. It is one of the most readily recognisable facilities of its type having appeared as the backdrop for many BBC programmes. It remained to be one of the largest such facilities in the world until it closed in March 2013. The contest was hosted by the BBC,"
"of Europe. In 2010, Vice President of the United States Joe Biden, while speaking to the European Parliament, said: """"As you probably know, some American politicians and American journalists refer to Washington, D.C. as the 'capital of the free world.' But it seems to me that in this great city, which boasts 1,000 years of history and which serves as the capital of Belgium, the home of the European Union, and the headquarters for NATO, this city has its own legitimate claim to that title."" Like Washington D.C., Brussels is a centre of political activity with ambassadors to Belgium, NATO"
"Europa"" and ""Old Europe"" have subsequently surfaced in European economic and political discourse. For example, in a January 2005 unveiling for the new Airbus A380 aircraft, German chancellor Gerhard Schröder said, ""There is the tradition of good old Europe that has made this possible."" A BBC News article about the unveiling said Schröder ""deliberately redefined the phrase previously used by... Rumsfeld."" Outside of Rumsfeld's usage of ""Old Europe"", the term New Europe (and ""neues Europa"") also appeared, indicating either the European states that supported the war, the Central European states that had been newly accepted to the EU, or a"
"Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman Confucian Asia Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, China, Japan, Vietnam Eastern Europe Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Serbia, Greece, Slovenia, Albania, Russia Germanic Europe ""Dutch-speaking"" (Netherlands, Belgium and Dutch-speaking France) ""German-speaking"" (Austria, German-speaking Switzerland, Germany, South Tyrol, Liechtenstein) Latin America Costa Rica, Venezuela, Ecuador, Mexico, El Salvador, Colombia, Guatemala, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina Latin Europe Italy, Portugal, Spain, France, Switzerland (French and Italian speaking) Nordic Europe Finland, Sweden, Denmark Southern Asia Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Iran, Philippines, Turkey Sub-Sahara Africa Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa (Black Sample), Nigeria The"
"recession in 2003. In May 2005, ""The Economist"" attributed this title to Italy, describing it as ""the real sick man of Europe."" This refers to Italy's structural and political difficulties thought to inhibit economic reforms to relaunch economic growth. In 2018, Italy was again referred as the ""sick man of Europe"" following post-election deadlock. In 2008, ""The Daily Telegraph"" also used the term to describe Italy. The post-Soviet Russia has been referred as such in the book ""Kremlin Rising: Vladimir Putin's Russia and the End of Revolution"" by Peter Baker and Susan Glasser, and by Mark Steyn in his 2006"
"Atlantic Europe Atlantic Europe is a geographical and anthropological term for the western portion of Europe which borders the Atlantic Ocean. The term may refer to the idea of Atlantic Europe as a cultural unit and/or as an biogeographical region. It comprises the Atlantic Isles (Great Britain and Ireland), Iceland, Belgium, the Netherlands, the central and northern regions of Portugal, northwestern and northern Spain (including Galicia, the Southern Basque Country), the southwestern and western portion of France (Northern Basque Country), western Scandinavia and northern Germany. Weather and overall physical conditions are relatively similar along this area (with the exception of"
"former East Germany, and France. Historical Maps Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia. Since around 1850, Europe is most commonly considered to be separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas and the waterways of the Turkish Straits. Although the term ""continent"" implies physical geography, the"
"Benelux states (historical Austrasia). This historical core of ""Carolingian Europe"" was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration (see also Multi-speed Europe). In both Great Britain and Ireland, ""the Continent"" is widely and generally used to refer to the mainland of Europe. An apocryphal British newspaper headline supposedly once read, ""Fog in Channel; Continent Cut Off"". It has also been claimed that this was a regular weather forecast in Britain in the 1930s. In addition, the word ""Europe"" itself is also regularly used to mean Europe excluding the islands of Great Britain,"
"towards France is ""cowardly, arrogant, chauvinistic, erotomaniacs"", and they see Germany as ""uber-efficient, diligent [and] disciplined"". To Europe, Italy is ""tax-dodging, Berlusconi-style and mama's boys, incapable of bravery"", Poland is ""heavy-drinking ultracatholics with a whiff of antisemitism"", and Spain is ""macho men and fiery woman prone to regular siestas and fiestas"". While some countries such as Germany proudly own their stereotype, others like Spain argue that theirs is a warped view based on experiences while on holiday instead of having actually lived there. A Pew Global survey of the European countries Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Greece, Poland, and the"
"in a Citroën C3. Peugeot, Citroën and DS vehicles have won many awards for their vehicles including: seven times the European Car of the Year award, 12 times the ""Car of the year"" ""Auto Europa"" award in Italy, 18 times the ""car of the year"" in Spain, and five times the ""Irish Car of the Year"" award. European Car of the Year award winners: Groupe PSA Groupe PSA (known legally as Peugeot S.A.; known as the PSA Group in English; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) is a French multinational manufacturer of automobiles and motorcycles sold"
"of the English Nation"" (1598–1600). Although Europe is the world's second-smallest continent in terms of area, it has a very long coastline, and has arguably been influenced more by its ""maritime history"" than any other continent. Europe is uniquely situated between several navigable seas and intersected by navigable rivers running into them in a way which greatly facilitated the influence of maritime traffic and commerce. When the carrack and then the caravel were developed by the Portuguese, European thoughts returned to the fabled East. These explorations have a number of causes. Monetarists believe the main reason the Age of Exploration"
"style earned him the nickname ""Lord Pumice Stone"", and his manner of dealing with foreign governments who crossed him was the original ""gunboat diplomacy"". The revolutions of 1830 gave a jolt to the settled European system that had been created in 1814–15. The United Kingdom of the Netherlands was rent in half by the Belgian Revolution, the Kingdom of Portugal was the scene of civil war, and the Spanish were about to place an infant princess on the throne. Poland was in arms against the Russian Empire, while the northern powers (Russia, Prussia, and Austria) formed a closer alliance that"
"depending on the country. Opel Sintra The Opel Sintra was a large MPV produced under the German marque Opel for the European market. It was sold in the United Kingdom as the Vauxhall Sintra between 1996 and 1999 by Vauxhall. The Sintra was one of the second generation U-body MPVs (known internally as GMX110s). It was imported to Europe from the United States of America, where General Motors produced identical models under the Oldsmobile and Pontiac brands. The name was chosen by a computer from a list of short, easy to pronounce words and not after the historic Portuguese town"
"Botswana, Egypt, Ghana, South Africa, Tunisia, Zimbabwe Asia Bangladesh, China, India, Pakistan Caribbean, Central, & South America Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Paraguay Peru, Uruguay Europe Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom Middle East Cyprus, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates North America Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico, United States Pacific-Rim Australia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam"
"a European perspective), archaically called Hither India and Further India. The first is the former British India, the second is Southeast Asia. Regions of the East Indies are sometimes known by the colonial empire they once belonged to, hence, ""British East Indies"" refers to Malaysia, ""Dutch East Indies"" means Indonesia, and ""Spanish East Indies"" means the Philippines. Historically, the king of Abyssinia (modern Ethiopia) was identified with ""Prester John of the Indies"", since that part of the world was imagined to be one of ""Three Indias"". Exploration of these regions by European powers first began in the late 15th century"
"Central America; The Greater Antilles; The Republics of Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela; The Republics of Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay & Bolivia; Scandinavia and Finland; the Benelux Countries; The Iberian Peninsula. 1958: France 1959: Austria, Burma, South Pacific, Turkey, 1961: Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina. 1962: Belgium, Ceylon, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy, Switzerland 1964 Korea, Thailand, Vietnam 1967 Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Laos, Belize, Sikkim 1969 Papua New Guinea 1972 Singapore, Guyana 1974 Hong"
"Mesopotamia (from the Greek Μεσοποταμία ""[land] between the rivers"", in Syriac called ܒܝܬ ܢܗܪܝܢ pronounced ""Beth Nahrain"", ""Land of rivers"", rendered in Arabic as بلاد الرافدين bilād al-rāfidayn) is a toponym for the area of the Tigris-Euphrates river system, largely corresponding to modern-day Iraq, as well as some parts of northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, and southwestern Iran. Mesopotamia is often considered the ""cradle of civilization."" Within its boundaries, some of the most ancient civilizations known first developed writing and agriculture. Many civilizations flourished there, leaving behind a rich legacy of ancient art. Widely considered to be the cradle of civilization,"
"was to be the natural result of economic dominance. After the war, the Eastern part of Central Europe was placed at the centre of the concept. At that time the scientists took an interest in the idea: the International Historical Congress in Brussels in 1923 was committed to Central Europe, and the 1933 Congress continued the discussions. Hungarian scholar Magda Adam wrote in her study ""Versailles System and Central Europe"" (2006): ""Today we know that the bane of Central Europe was the Little Entente, military alliance of Czechoslovakia, Romania and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia), created in"