"only required one. The history here is complicated, but basically ""sāmekh"" dropped out in certain dialects, and was reused to represent in others, while usage for the sound varied between ""ṣādē"" and ""šin"". The letter now known as sigma took its name from ""sāmekh"" but its form from ""šin"", while the letter San, which occurred in a few dialects only, took its name from ""šin"" but its place in the alphabet from ""ṣādē"". A further Greek letter of uncertain origin, sampi, is found occasionally, and may represent an affricate, such as . For the special case of zeta, see Zeta"
"Zeta Zeta (uppercase Ζ, lowercase ζ; , , classical or ""zē̂ta""; ""zíta"") is the sixth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 7. It was derived from the Phoenician letter zayin . Letters that arose from zeta include the Roman Z and Cyrillic З. Unlike the other Greek letters, this letter did not take its name from the Phoenician letter from which it was derived; it was given a new name on the pattern of beta, eta and theta. The word ""zeta"" is the ancestor of ""zed"", the name of the"
"should be encoded using the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style. Zeta Zeta (uppercase Ζ, lowercase ζ; , , classical or ""zē̂ta""; ""zíta"") is the sixth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 7. It was derived from the Phoenician letter zayin . Letters that arose from zeta include the Roman Z and Cyrillic З. Unlike the other Greek letters, this letter did not take its name from the Phoenician letter from which it was derived; it was given a new name on the pattern of"
"F F (named ""ef"" ) is the sixth letter in the modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. The origin of 'F' is the Semitic letter ""vâv"" (or ""waw"") that represented a sound like or . Graphically it originally probably depicted either a hook or a club. It may have been based on a comparable Egyptian hieroglyph such as (transliterated as ḥ(dj)): T3 The Phoenician form of the letter was adopted into Greek as a vowel, ""upsilon"" (which resembled its descendant 'Y' but was also the ancestor of the Roman letters 'U', 'V', and 'W'); and, with another"
"sixth letter, the Greek sigma, is an incomplete hexagram, otherwise known as ""the blazing star or hexalpha"" to the Freemasons. The last, the Greek omega, represents a lyre and David as a poet. While Solomon's Temple does figure prominently in Freemasonry, David himself is barely mentioned in Masonic ritual. According to a prospective editor of Smart, Robert E. Brittain, an unsigned poem by the name of ""The Benedicite Paraphrased"" could very well be the work of Christopher Smart himself. Appearing for the first time in Robert Dodsley's periodical,""The Museum"", in 1746, which is 17 years before ""A Song To David,"""
"Epsilon Epsilon (uppercase ', lowercase ' or lunate ; ) is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, corresponding phonetically to a . In the system of Greek numerals it also has the value five. It was derived from the Phoenician letter He . Letters that arose from epsilon include the Roman E, Ë and Ɛ, and Cyrillic Е, È, Ё, Є and Э. The name of the letter was originally (), but the name was changed to (""e psilon"" ""simple e"") in the Middle Ages to distinguish the letter from the digraph , a former diphthong that had come"
"indicate text style. Theta Theta (, ; uppercase Θ or ϴ, lowercase θ (which resembles digit 0 with horizontal line) or ϑ; ""thē̂ta"" ; Modern: ""thī́ta"" ) is the eighth letter of the Greek alphabet, derived from the Phoenician letter Teth . In the system of Greek numerals it has the value 9. In Ancient Greek, θ represented the aspirated voiceless dental plosive , but in Modern Greek it represents the voiceless dental fricative . In its archaic form, θ was written as a cross within a circle (as in the Etruscan or ), and later, as a line or"
"Theta Theta (, ; uppercase Θ or ϴ, lowercase θ (which resembles digit 0 with horizontal line) or ϑ; ""thē̂ta"" ; Modern: ""thī́ta"" ) is the eighth letter of the Greek alphabet, derived from the Phoenician letter Teth . In the system of Greek numerals it has the value 9. In Ancient Greek, θ represented the aspirated voiceless dental plosive , but in Modern Greek it represents the voiceless dental fricative . In its archaic form, θ was written as a cross within a circle (as in the Etruscan or ), and later, as a line or point in circle"
"to its original place in the alphabet. In its handwritten forms, its shape changed from through to or during the Hellenistic period and late antiquity. Originally called ""wau"", it was called ""digamma"" in classical Greek and ""episemon"" during the Byzantine era. It was conflated with the στ ligature owing to the accidental similarities of their shapes. The association between the numeral 6 and the letter sequence στ became so strong that today, in Greece, the letter sequence ΣΤʹ or στʹ is often used in lieu of ϛʹ itself to write the number 6. In modern practice, the term ""stigma"" is"
"Omicron Omicron (uppercase Ο, lowercase ο, literally ""small o"": όμικρον < ὂ μικρόν - ""ò mikrón"", micron meaning 'small' in contrast to ""omega"") is the 15th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 70. This letter is derived from the Phoenician letter ayin . In classical Greek, omicron represented the sound in contrast to ""omega"" and ""ου"" . In modern Greek, omicron represents the . Letters that arose from omicron include Roman O and Cyrillic O. The upper-case letter of omicron (O) was originally used in mathematics as a symbol for"
"Stigma (letter) Stigma (ϛ) is a ligature of the Greek letters sigma (Σ) and tau (Τ), which was used in writing Greek between the Middle Ages and the 19th century. It is also used as a numeral symbol for the number 6. In this unrelated function, it is a continuation of the old letter digamma (originally Ϝ, cursive form ), which had served as a numeral since antiquity and was conflated with the σ-τ ligature in the minuscule handwriting of the Middle Ages. The στ ligature (, ) was one of many ligature forms that came into widespread use as"
"square represents the ""vault of heaven."" The third, the Greek eta, represents Jacob's ladder itself and is connected to the complete idea of seven pillars. The fourth, the Greek theta, is either ""the all-seeing eye or the point within a circle."" The fifth letter, the Greek iota, represents a pillar and the temple. The sixth letter, the Greek sigma, is an incomplete hexagram, otherwise known as ""the blazing star or hexalpha"" to the Freemasons. The last, the Greek omega, represents a lyre and David as a poet. Smart, throughout his career, published many known works. Although his works are far"
"the 6th letter of the modern and classical Greek alphabet, denotes a value of seven (7) when used as a numeral. Examples: Zetta- Zetta is a decimal unit prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10 or . The prefix was added as an SI prefix to the International System of Units (SI) in 1991 and has the symbol Z. Zetta is evocative of the Latin numeral , meaning ""seven"". Therefore it was used to denote the seventh power of 1000. A prefix of the same value, ""hepta"", was informally introduced a few years before the promulgation of"
"Pi (letter) Pi (; uppercase Π, lowercase π and ϖ; ) is the sixteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the sound . In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 80. It was derived from the Phoenician letter Pe (). Letters that arose from pi include Cyrillic Pe (П, п), Coptic pi (Ⲡ, ⲡ), and Gothic pairthra (𐍀). The upper-case letter Π is used as a symbol for: The lower-case letter π is used as a symbol for: An early form of pi was , appearing almost like a gamma with a hook. Variant pi or"
"Eta Eta (uppercase ', lowercase '; ""ē̂ta"" or ""ita"" ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet. Originally denoting a consonant /h/, its sound value in the classical Attic dialect of Ancient Greek was a long vowel , raised to in hellenistic Greek, a process known as iotacism. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 8. It was derived from the Phoenician letter heth . Letters that arose from eta include the Latin H and the Cyrillic letter И. The letter shape 'H' was originally used in most Greek dialects to represent the sound /h/,"
"using the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style. Eta Eta (uppercase ', lowercase '; ""ē̂ta"" or ""ita"" ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet. Originally denoting a consonant /h/, its sound value in the classical Attic dialect of Ancient Greek was a long vowel , raised to in hellenistic Greek, a process known as iotacism. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 8. It was derived from the Phoenician letter heth . Letters that arose from eta include the Latin H and the Cyrillic letter И. The letter shape"
"the normal Greek letters, with markup and formatting to indicate text style. Sigma Sigma (uppercase Σ, lowercase σ, lowercase in word-final position ς; ) is the eighteenth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 200. When used at the end of a word (when the word is not all caps), the final form (ς) is used, e.g. (Odysseus); note the two sigmas in the center of the name, and the word-final sigma at the end. The shape and alphabetic position of sigma is derived from Phoenician shin 𐤔 . The name"
"statement of an old grammarian, who, having mentioned that the Greeks denote numbers by letters, and for this purpose join to the letters of their alphabet three other characters, goes on as follows:— ""Prima est ς quae dicitur Episimon et est nota numeri VI.; secunda est G quae vocatur kophe et valet in numero XC.; tertia est ϡ quae dicitur enneacosia quia valent DCCCC."" Here, as well as in the preceding passages, episemon is used with special reference to the character for six; but Scaliger turns into Greek the phrase ""nota numeri VI."" τὸ ἐπίσημον τοῦ ἑξ ἀριθμοῦ, and seems"
"tablet of stone, which, after the Deluge, was brought to Phoenicia and Greece by Cadmos. A long section of the text is devoted especially to the letter Waw and its Greek equivalent, Digamma (called ""Episemon"" in the treatise), the numeral sign for ""6"". This sign is interpreted as a special symbol of Christ. At a later point in the text, this idea is further connected to the interpretation of all three extra-alphabetic numeral signs of Greek (""Episemon"" for 6, Koppa for 90, and Sampi for 900) as symbols of the Holy Trinity, i.e. Christ, the Holy Ghost and God the"
"Alpha Alpha (uppercase , lowercase ; , ""álpha"", ""álfa"") is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 1. It was derived from the Phoenician and Hebrew letter aleph - an ox or leader. Letters that arose from alpha include the Latin A and the Cyrillic letter А. In English, the noun ""alpha"" is used as a synonym for ""beginning"", or ""first"" (in a series), reflecting its Greek roots. In Ancient Greek, alpha was pronounced and could be either phonemically long ([aː]) or short ([a]). Where there is ambiguity, long"
"Psi (letter) Psi (; uppercase ', lowercase '; ""psi"" ) is the 23rd letter of the Greek alphabet and has a numeric value of 700. In both Classical and Modern Greek, the letter indicates the combination /ps/ (as in English word ""lapse""). For Greek loanwords in Latin and modern languages with Latin alphabets, psi is usually transliterated as ""ps"". The letter's origin is uncertain. It may or may not derive from the Phoenician alphabet. It appears in the 7th century BC, expressing /ps/ in the Eastern alphabets, but /kʰ/ in the Western alphabets (the sound expressed by Χ in the"
"Y Y (named ""wye"" , plural ""wyes"") is the 25th and penultimate letter in the modern English alphabet and the ISO basic Latin alphabet. In the English writing system, it sometimes represents a vowel and sometimes a consonant. In Latin, Y was named ""I graeca"" (""Greek I""), since the classical Greek sound , similar to modern German ""ü"" or French ""u"", was not a native sound for Latin speakers, and the letter was initially only used to spell foreign words. This history has led to the standard modern names of the letter in Romance languages – ""i grego"" in Galician,"
"Digamma Digamma, waw, or wau (uppercase: Ϝ, lowercase: ϝ, numeral: ϛ) is an archaic letter of the Greek alphabet. It originally stood for the sound but it has principally remained in use as a Greek numeral for 6. Whereas it was originally called ""waw"" or ""wau"", its most common appellation in classical Greek is ""digamma""; as a numeral, it was called ""episēmon"" during the Byzantine era and is now known as ""stigma"" after the Byzantine ligature combining σ-τ as ϛ. Digamma or wau was part of the original archaic Greek alphabet as initially adopted from Phoenician. Like its model, Phoenician"
"Sigma Sigma (uppercase Σ, lowercase σ, lowercase in word-final position ς; ) is the eighteenth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 200. When used at the end of a word (when the word is not all caps), the final form (ς) is used, e.g. (Odysseus); note the two sigmas in the center of the name, and the word-final sigma at the end. The shape and alphabetic position of sigma is derived from Phoenician shin 𐤔 . The name of sigma, according to one hypothesis, may continue that of Phoenician Samekh."
"Upsilon Upsilon (; or ; uppercase Υ, lowercase υ; ""ýpsilon"" ) or ypsilon is the 20th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, has a value of 400. It is derived from the Phoenician waw . The name of the letter was originally just “υ” (""y;"" also called ""hy"", hence ""hyoid"", meaning ""shaped like the letter υ""), but the name changed to “υ ψιλόν”, (""u psilon"", meaning 'simple u') to distinguish it from οι, which had come to have the same pronunciation. In early Greek it was pronounced like English ""oo"" . In Classical Greek, it"
"Chi (letter) Chi (uppercase Χ, lowercase χ; ) is the 22nd letter of the Greek alphabet, pronounced or in English. Its value in Ancient Greek was an aspirated velar stop (in the Western Greek alphabet: /ks/). In Koine Greek and later dialects it became a fricative (/) along with Θ and Φ. In Modern Greek, it has two distinct pronunciations: In front of high or front vowels ( or ) it is pronounced as a voiceless palatal fricative , as in German ""ich"" or like the ""h"" in some pronunciations of the English words ""hew"" and ""human"". In front of"
"Phi Phi (; uppercase Φ, lowercase φ or ϕ; ""pheî"" ; ""fi"" ) is the 21st letter of the Greek alphabet. In Ancient Greek, it represented an aspirated voiceless bilabial plosive (), which was the origin of its usual romanization as ""ph"". In modern Greek, it represents a voiceless labiodental fricative () and is correspondingly romanized as ""f"". Its origin is uncertain but it may be that phi originated as the letter qoppa and initially represented the sound before shifting to Classical Greek . In traditional Greek numerals, phi has a value of 500 () or 500,000 (). The Cyrillic"
"(given the right conditions on the exponents) the transcendence of at least one of a set of exponentials. All primes above 3 are of the form 6""n"" ± 1 for ""n"" ≥ 1. is classical Greek for ""six"". Thus: Sex- is a Latin prefix meaning ""six"". Thus: The evolution of our modern glyph for 6 appears rather simple when compared with that for the other numerals. Our modern 6 can be traced back to the Brahmi numerals of India, which are first known from the Edicts of Ashoka circa 250 BCE. It was written in one stroke like a cursive"
"Delta (letter) Delta (uppercase Δ, lowercase δ or 𝛿; ""délta"", ) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 4. It was derived from the Phoenician letter dalet 𐤃, Letters that come from delta include Latin D and Cyrillic Д. A river delta (originally, the Nile River delta) is so named because its shape approximates the triangular uppercase letter delta. Despite a popular legend, this use of the word ""delta"" was not coined by Herodotus. In Ancient Greek, delta represented a voiced dental plosive . In Modern Greek, it"
"Lambda Lambda, Λ, λ (uppercase ', lowercase '; ""lám(b)da"") is the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the sound /l/. In the system of Greek numerals lambda has a value of 30. Lambda is related to the Phoenician letter Lamed . Letters in other alphabets that stemmed from lambda include the Latin L and the Cyrillic letter El (Л, л). The ancient grammarians and dramatists give evidence to the pronunciation as () in Classical Greek times. In Modern Greek the name of the letter, Λάμδα, is pronounced . In early Greek alphabets, the shape and orientation of lambda varied."
"Mu (letter) Mu (uppercase Μ, lowercase μ; Ancient Greek , or μυ—both ) or my is the 12th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 40. Mu was derived from the Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol for water, which had been simplified by the Phoenicians and named after their word for water, to become 𐤌 (mem). Letters that arose from mu include the Roman M and the Cyrillic М. In Ancient Greek, the name of the letter was written and pronounced [mŷː]. In Modern Greek, the letter is spelled and pronounced . In"
"Omega Omega (capital: Ω, lowercase: ω; Greek ὦ, later ὦ μέγα, Modern Greek ωμέγα) is the 24th and last letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeric system/Isopsephy (Gematria), it has a value of 800. The word literally means ""great O"" (""ō mega"", mega meaning ""great""), as opposed to omicron, which means ""little O"" (""o mikron"", micron meaning ""little""). In phonetic terms, the Ancient Greek Ω is a long open-mid ""o"" , comparable to the vowel of British English ""raw"". In Modern Greek, Ω represents the , the same sound as omicron. The letter omega is transcribed ""ō"" or"
"Waw (letter) Waw/Vav ( ""hook"") is the sixth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician ""wāw"" , Aramaic ""waw"" , Hebrew ""vav"" , Syriac ""waw"" ܘ and Arabic ""wāw"" (sixth in abjadi order; 27th in modern Arabic order). It represents the consonant (in original Hebrew ), (and [v] in modern Hebrew) if there is a dot in front of or above the vav, it represents the vowels or . It is the origin of Greek Ϝ (digamma) and Υ (upsilon), Latin F and V, and the derived ""Latin""- or ""Roman""- alphabet letters U, W, and Y. The letter likely originated"