"Presidency of Salvador Allende Salvador Allende was the president of Chile from 1970 until 1973, and head of the Popular Unity government; he was the first Marxist ever to be elected to the national presidency of a liberal democracy. Though the 1970 election was lawful, in August 1973 the Chilean Senate declared the Allende government to be ""unlawful"" in large part due to its practice of unconstitutional expropriation of private property. Allende's presidency was ended by a military coup before he could complete a full term in office. During his tenure, Chilean politics reached a state of civil unrest amid"
"—for 17 years— of democracy in Chile. Salvador Allende's election in 1970 represented several important developments internationally and domestically. He was the first democratically elected socialist leader in Latin America. In contrast with Fidel Castro's violent revolution from below, Allende proposed a peaceful transition to socialism through existing governmental structures: a revolution from above. Popular Unity had the support of the people, and this support only grew. Allende was elected with 36% of the popular vote in 1970. Five months into his presidency, that number had grown to 49%. This was where his support peaked. Following severe inflation and food"
"1970 Chilean presidential election Presidential elections were held in Chile on 4 September 1970. Salvador Allende of the Popular Unity alliance won a narrow plurality in the public vote, before having his victory confirmed by a Congressional vote after the Christian Democrats voted in favour of his candidacy. Eduardo Frei Montalva and his Christian Democratic Party would later unite with Allende's opponents to form a congressional majority in an attempt to declare his presidency illegal in August 1973, catalyzing the Chilean coup of 1973 a few weeks later. The election was held using the absolute majority system, under which a"
"Chilean presidential election, 1970 (September 4, 1970), Salvador Allende was elected the new President of Chile. Dorfman was ecstatic and the success of his chosen leader had a profound effect on Dorfman's life and literary work. Dorfman eventually started working for Allende's government, as a communications expert and media advisor. Dorfman also gained a position in the government-affiliated publishing Editora Nacional Quimantú. The term ""Quimantú"" was chosen because it means ""sunshine of knowledge"" in the Mapuche language. Dorfman was responsible for the release of international classic works in affordable Spanish editions. During 2 and a half years of activity, Quimantú"
"Olof Palme traveled to Chile and met with several Chilean government officials and future Chilean Nobel Prize recipient, Pablo Neruda. In November 1970, Salvador Allende was elected President of Chile, the first from a socialist party. In 1970 Sweden approved providing Chile with development assistance. In 1971, Chile received from Sweden one million and a half Swedish krona. That same year, both nations signed agreements for Chile to purchase weapons and old Swedish warship. In 1972, Chile received 25 million Swedish krona in aide. In 1972, Swedish ambassador Harald Edelstam arrived to Chile to take up his new post. On"
"to become Chile's ambassador to the United States (4 March 1965 – April 1968). As leader of the progressive wing of the Christian Democrats, he was the party's presidential candidate in the 1970 election in which Salvador Allende won a plurality and, with Tomic's support, was ratified by parliament as president. Allende died three years later in the Chilean coup of 1973, which put an end to democracy in Chile for over 15 years. As a parliamentarian and politician Tomic was a defender of Chilean sovereignty over the country's copper deposits and in the nationalization of that industry. In 1997,"
"leftist Salvador Allende won election to the presidency in Chile on 4 September 1970, the US Government and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) were aware of and agreed with Chilean putschist officers' assessment that the abduction of General René Schneider, the Chilean Army's commander in September 1970, was an essential step in any coup plan, to prevent him from coming to power (or unseat him). In the time between Allende's election and Allende's accession to the presidency on 4 November, the CIA dismissed the putschist (retired) General Roberto Viaux's group as incompetent and supported General Camilo Valenzuela. His group was"
"Carlos Ibáñez. Popular Unity triumphed in the presidential election of September 1970. On 24 October 1970 Salvador Allende Gossens was officially proclaimed President of the Republic of Chile. There was world expectation; he agreed to manage the coalition and to be a Marxist president with the explicit commitment to build socialism, while respecting the democratic and institutional mechanisms. The position of the PS on joining the government of the UP became more radical when senator Carlos Altamirano Orrego took over as party leader, having been elected at the XXIII Congress in La Serena in January 1971. He proclaimed that the"
"military government was followed by a peaceful transition to an elected civilian government. Allende contested the 1970 Chilean presidential election with Jorge Alessandri Rodriguez of the National Party and Radomiro Tomic of the Christian Democratic Party. Allende received 36.6% of the vote. Alessandri was a very close second with 35.3%, and Tomic third with 28.1%. Although Allende received the highest number of votes, according to the Chilean constitution and since none of the candidates won by an absolute majority, the National Congress had to decide among the candidates. The Chilean constitution did not allow a person to sit as president"
"his period in office. Allende won the 1970 Chilean presidential election as leader of the Unidad Popular (""Popular Unity"") coalition. On 4 September 1970, he obtained a narrow plurality of 36.2% to 34.9% over Jorge Alessandri, a former president, with 27.8% going to a third candidate (Radomiro Tomic) of the Christian Democratic Party (PDC), whose electoral platform was similar to Allende's. According to the Chilean Constitution of the time, if no presidential candidate obtained a majority of the popular vote, Congress would choose one of the two candidates with the highest number of votes as the winner. Tradition was for"
"military dictatorship in Brazil. Countries governed by communist parties had protests against bureaucratic and military elites. In Eastern Europe there were widespread protests that escalated particularly in the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia. In response, Soviet Union occupied Czechoslovakia, but the occupation was denounced by the Italian and French communist parties and the Communist Party of Finland. In Latin America in the 1960s, liberation theology, a socialist tendency within the Roman Catholic Church, developed. In Chile, Salvador Allende, a physician and candidate for the Socialist Party of Chile, was elected president through democratic elections in 1970. In 1973, his government was"
"new President of Chile. His victory in the Chilean presidential election, 1970 was, however, only supported by a slim majority of voters. His political opponents were supported by the United States. Allende was undemocratically deposed by the 1973 Chilean coup d'état (September 11, 1973). The coup had the backing of the CIA. Augusto Pinochet rose to power as a dictator. Thousands of Chilean socialists were murdered by the new regime, along with other political opponents of Pinochet. In retrospect, Allende's rule of Chile was a rather short-lived revolutionary period for the country. Allende and his government did attempt to counter"
"in November. The election of Marxist candidate Salvador Allende as President of Chile in September 1970 spurred Nixon and Kissinger to pursue a vigorous campaign of covert resistance to Allende, first designed to convince the Chilean congress to confirm Jorge Alessandri as the winner of the election and then messages to military officers in support of a coup. Other support included strikes organized against Allende and funding for Allende opponents. It was even alleged that ""Nixon personally authorized"" $700,000 in covert funds to print anti-Allende messages in a prominent Chilean newspaper. Following an extended period of social, political, and economic"
"writer on the topics of cultural imperialism and cultural globalization, places ""How to Read Donald Duck"" within its historical context. The Chile of the early 1970s had an economy dominated by American corporations. The entire state had been under the influence of the United States for many years. When the country experienced a socialist revolution, the American government and the American media corporations started supporting counter-revolutionary operations in Chile. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) supported local political movements and cultural organizations which were opposed to socialism. Salvador Allende, the socialist leader of the Popular Unity coalition, was democratically elected the"
"of Cuba from the Organization of American States because of U.S. pressure). However, he quickly changed his mind and followed Kennedy's policy. After the involvement of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces in the independence struggles in Angola and Mozambique, Kissinger said that unless Cuba withdrew its forces relations would not be normalized. Cuba refused. Chilean Socialist Party presidential candidate Salvador Allende was elected by a plurality of 36.2 percent in 1970, causing serious concern in Washington, D.C. due to his openly socialist and pro-Cuban politics. The Nixon administration, with Kissinger's input, authorized the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to encourage a"
"replaced by the notion of ""National Security"", which, coupled with the Chamber of Deputies Resolution of August 22, 1973, led to the Chilean coup of 1973 on September 11, 1973. Schneider Doctrine The Schneider Doctrine was a political doctrine originally espoused by Chilean General René Schneider, which allowed the election of Salvador Allende as President of Chile, and was the main ideological obstacle to a military coup d'état against him. General René Schneider was Army Commander-in-chief at the time of the 1970 Chilean presidential election, in which Salvador Allende won a plurality on September 4, 1970, requiring a Congressional vote"
"election in 1970 gave the Soviet Union an opportunity to develop close ties with Chile. The victory of Allende’s political party, Unidad Popular, a coalition of Socialist, Communist, and miscellaneous leftist parties, demonstrated that perhaps Chile’s government was ideologically and politically closer to the Soviet Union than any other South American country. However, the Soviet Union was hesitant to shoulder the burden in order to guarantee the success of the Chilean experiment. Economically, Soviet aid came in the form of long-term credits, which represented less than $350 million, with limited amount of aid in the form of hard currency. Allende’s"
"around the world in the context of the Sino-Soviet split. In Latin America in the 1960s, a socialist tendency within the catholic church appeared which was called liberation theology which motivated even the Colombian priest Camilo Torres to enter the ELN guerrilla. In Chile, Salvador Allende, a physician and candidate for the Socialist Party of Chile, was elected president through democratic elections in 1970. In 1973, his government was ousted by the United States-backed military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, which lasted until the late 1980s. Pinochet's regime was a leader of Operation ""Condor"", a U.S.-backed campaign of repression and state"
"create a close relation with other Socialist countries like Cuba and USSR. Another fear is that all investments made by the US in Chile would be lost. Having Chile under Allende's rule may also mean that Chile could become a platform for other countries to join the Socialist party (especially in the same hemisphere) On September 15, 1970; prior to Allende taking office, Richard Nixon gave the order to overthrow Allende. This was not the first time that a US president ordered the ousting of democratically elected president. On November 5, 1970, Henry Kissinger advised President Nixon against peaceful coexistence"
"1970 in the failed attempt to block his election and accession to the Presidency. Nonetheless, the U.S. Administration's long-standing hostility to Allende and its past encouragement of a military coup against him were well known among Chilean coup plotters who eventually took activities of their own to oust him."""" A White House press release in November 2000 acknowledged that ""actions approved by the U.S. government during this period aggravated political polarization and affected Chile's long tradition of democratic elections..."" In a 2003 town hall with students, high school student James Doubek asked Secretary of State Colin Powell about the United"
"Latin American nation should become the first country in the hemisphere to freely choose an avowed Marxist as its elected president, the Department, CIA, and other agencies have embarked on a major campaign to prevent Allende's election and to support Frei, the only candidate who has a chance of beating him. Mann described a ten-point plan, which included: These efforts were successful in 1964 but reversed in 1970. In Bolivia, when General René Barrientos Ortuño led a takeover of the popular Revolutionary Nationalist Movement (MNR) government, which had been in power for twelve years, Mann secured aid for the new"
"Bolívar, Bogota. The same year the pacts on Chilean copper were signed. In January 1967 the National Congress refused his constitutional permission to travel to the United States where he had been invited by President Lyndon B. Johnson. In April 1967, he participated in the Meeting of Presidents from American countries, carried out in Montevideo, Uruguay. In 1970, he was awarded with the Doctor Honoris Causa title by the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. On November 4, he left office, handing over the Presidency to Salvador Allende. After Allende's 1970 victory, Frei became convinced of what he called a ""totalitarian"
"Aida Figueroa not to cry for Che, but for Luis Emilio Recabarren, the father of the Chilean communist movement, who preached a pacifist revolution over Che's violent ways. In 1970, Neruda was nominated as a candidate for the Chilean presidency, but ended up giving his support to Salvador Allende, who later won the election and was inaugurated in 1970 as the first democratically elected socialist head of state. Shortly thereafter, Allende appointed Neruda the Chilean ambassador to France, lasting from 1970–1972; his final diplomatic posting. During his stint in Paris, Neruda helped to renegotiate the external debt of Chile, billions"
"unsuccessfully ran for the presidency in the 1952, 1958, and 1964 elections. In 1970, he won the presidency in a close three-way race. He was elected in a run-off by Congress as no candidate had gained a majority. On 11 September 1973, the military moved to oust Allende in a ""coup d'état"" supported by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). As troops surrounded La Moneda Palace, he gave his last speech vowing not to resign. Later that day, Allende committed suicide with an assault rifle, according to an investigation conducted by a Chilean court with the assistance of international"
"ruled in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Peru and many others. For example, on September 11, 1973 the democratically elected President Salvador Allende was overthrown in Chile and replaced by General Augusto Pinochet who would go on to rule until the end of the 1980s. Chile under Pinochet became ""infamous for [...] human rights abuses and torture techniques"", and in Argentina the 1970s brought the Dirty War, notorious for its human rights violations and the disappearances of Argentine citizens. Many of these governments (which were supported by the US) cooperated with each other in terms of torturing or eliminating political opponents"
"terrorism increased, inspired by the Cuban example. The United States put down these rebellions by supporting Latin American countries in their counter-guerrilla operations through the Alliance for Progress launched by President John F. Kennedy. This thrust appeared to be successful. A Marxist, Salvador Allende, became president of Chile in 1970, but was overthrown three years later in a military coup backed by the United States. Despite civil war, high crime and political instability, most Latin American countries eventually adopted bourgeois liberal democracies while Cuba maintained its socialist system. Encouraged by the success of Guatemala in the 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état,"
"win several consecutive elections. Brazil experienced several decades of right-wing authoritarian governments, especially after the US-backed 1964 Brazilian coup d'état against center-left social democrat João Goulart promoted, according to then President John F. Kennedy, to ""prevent Brazil from becoming another Cuba"". Brazil's return to democracy saw several consecutive right-wing neoliberal governments following the Washington Consensus ending in endemic inequality and extreme poverty, one of the worst in the Continent. After the democratic election of President Salvador Allende in 1970, an economic war ordered by President Richard Nixon, among other things, caused the 1973 Chilean coup d'état with the involvement of"
"Chile was ruled by President Salvador Allende, the first democratically elected Marxist to become president of a Latin American country through open elections. The United States government actively attempted to destabilize the Allende government, with U.S. President Richard Nixon ordering extensive use of economic warfare for this purpose. The Nixon administration also used the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to mount a major destabilization campaign. As the CIA revealed in 2000, ""In the 1960s and the early 1970s, as part of the US Government policy to try to influence events in Chile, the CIA undertook specific covert action projects in Chile"
"sheer numbers, and increasing support to authoritarian regimes attempting to withstand popular challenges from within. In the 1970s, for example, the CIA poured substantial funds into Chile to help support the established government against a Marxist challenge. When the Marxist candidate for president, Salvador Allende, came to power through free elections, the United States began funneling more money to opposition forces to help ""destabilize"" the new government. In 1973, a U.S.-backed military junta seized power from Allende. The new, repressive regime of General Augusto Pinochet received warm approval and increased military and economic assistance from the United States as an"
"as a US-controlled puppet, and prompted Ovando to distance himself from the president with an eye to the projected 1970 elections. (The US SOA notoriously trained many Latin American dictators and death squads in counterinsurgency tactics and torture and disappearance techniques). The worries proved unnecessary, for Barrientos perished in a tragic helicopter crash on 27 April 1969. His Vice-President, a little-known Christian-Democrat politician named Luis Adolfo Siles, was sworn as President soon thereafter, in accordance to the Constitution. Siles' poor relations with Ovando led Siles to support the candidacy of the popular Mayor of La Paz, Armando Escobar, as the"
"In the 1970 election, Allende ran with the Unidad Popular (UP or Popular Unity) coalition. Succeeding the FRAP left-wing coalition, Unidad Popular comprised most of the Chilean Left: the Socialist Party, the Communist Party, the Radical Party, the Party of the Radical Left (until 1972), the Social Democratic Party, MAPU (""Movimiento de Acción Popular Unitario"") (in 1972, a splinter group - MAPU Obrero Campesino - emerged) and since 1971 the Christian Left. Allende received a plurality with 36.2% of the vote. Christian Democrat Radomiro Tomic won 27.8% with a very similar platform to Allende's. Both Allende and Tomic promised to"
"in 1977 she stood as candidate for Rector of the University of Glasgow, losing to the student John Bell. Bussi returned to Chile in 1990 after 17 years in exile and kept a quiet life. She died, aged 94, in Santiago, during a morning nap. Hortensia Bussi Mercedes Hortensia Bussi Soto de Allende (22 July 1913 – 18 June 2009) was the wife of Chilean President Salvador Allende. She was married to him from 1940 until he was killed during the 1973 Chilean coup d'état, serving as First Lady of Chile from 1970 to 1973. Her daughters are Beatriz, Isabel"
"but in 1972 it joined the opposition (inside the Confederation of Democracy). UP's leader, Salvador Allende, was a Marxist who co-founded Chile's Socialist Party. His slight plurality in the election resulted in his confirmation as president by the National Congress of Chile. The loose and conditional support from the Christian Democratic Party that made this confirmation possible soon disintegrated, as did centrism of any viable kind in an atmosphere of increasing political polarization. The Revolutionary Left Movement clashed with the conservative and establishment forces, while armed right-wing elements plotted to destabilize the government with support from the Nixon administration. The"