"most frequent attitude of quadrupeds, and as supporters they are rarely seen in any other attitude. Forcené is the term for this position when applied to horses or unicorns. A beast passant (Old French: ""striding"") walks toward dexter (the viewer's left) with the right forepaw raised and all others on the ground. Early heralds held that any lion in a walking position must necessarily be a ""leopard"", and this distinction persists in French heraldry; however, this use of the term ""leopard"" has long since been abandoned by English heralds. A ""Lion of England"" denotes a ""lion passant guardant Or"", used"
"Walking Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals. Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits. Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step. This applies regardless of the unusable number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk. The word ""walk"" is descended from the Old English ""wealcan"" ""to roll"". In humans and other bipeds, walking is generally distinguished from running in that only one foot at a time leaves contact with the"
"Attitude (heraldry) In heraldry, an attitude is the ""position"" in which an animal, bird, fish, human or human-like being is emblazoned as a charge, supporter or crest. Many attitudes apply only to predatory beasts and are exemplified by the beast most frequently found in heraldry—the lion. Some other terms apply only to docile animals, such as the doe (usually blazoned as ""hind""). Other attitudes, such as ""volant"", describe the positions of birds, mostly exemplified by the bird most frequently found in heraldry—the eagle. The term ""naiant"" (swimming), however, is usually reserved for fish but may also apply to swans, ducks"
"Pedestrian A pedestrian is a person travelling on foot, whether walking or running. In some communities, those traveling using tiny wheels such as roller skates, skateboards, and scooters, as well as wheelchair users are also included as pedestrians. In modern times, the term usually refers to someone walking on a road or pavement, but this was not the case historically. The meaning of pedestrian is displayed with the morphemes ""ped-"" ('foot') and ""-ian"" ('characteristic of'). This word is derived from the Latin term ""pedester"" ('going on foot') and was first used (in English language) during the 18th century. It was"
"toward the Holy Land, till one day the sun shall shine more brightly than ever he has done, shall perchance shine into our minds and hearts, and light up our whole lives with a great awakening light, as warm and serene and golden as on a bankside in autumn. But the walking of which I speak has nothing in it akin to taking exercise, as it is called, as the sick take medicine at stated hours — as the swinging of dumb-bells or chairs; but is itself the enterprise and adventure of the day. Walking (Thoreau) Walking, or sometimes referred"
"for some other cases of nonstandard fish locomotion, e.g., when describing fish ""walking"" along the sea floor, as the handfish or frogfish. Walking Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals. Walking is typically slower than running and other gaits. Walking is defined by an 'inverted pendulum' gait in which the body vaults over the stiff limb or limbs with each step. This applies regardless of the unusable number of limbs—even arthropods, with six, eight or more limbs, walk. The word ""walk"" is descended from the Old English ""wealcan"" ""to roll"". In"
"sea creature hauriant is in a vertical position with its head up. A fish, dolphin, or other sea creature urinant is in a vertical position with its head down. A serpent glissant is gliding horizontally in an undulant posture. Serpents, and the tails of other beasts and monsters, may be nowed or knotted—often in a figure-eight knot. Attitude (heraldry) In heraldry, an attitude is the ""position"" in which an animal, bird, fish, human or human-like being is emblazoned as a charge, supporter or crest. Many attitudes apply only to predatory beasts and are exemplified by the beast most frequently found"
"the viewer, he is ""affronté"". If his ""head only"" faces the viewer he is ""guardant"" or ""gardant"", and if he looks back over his shoulder he is ""regardant"". These adjectives follow any other adjectives of position. A lion (or other beast) ""coward"" carries the tail between its hind legs. The tail also may be knotted (""nowed""), forked (""queue fourchée""), doubled (""double-queued""; as in the arms of the kingdom of Bohemia), or cut off (""defamed""). Both lions and leopards may have been among the earliest beasts to appear in heraldry. ""The Oxford Guide to Heraldry"" notes that the earliest English treatise"
"very popular with the genre and Orientalist painters and photographers of the 18th and 19th centuries. Some imagery depicts peddlers in a pejorative manner, while others portray idealised, Romantic visions of peddlers at work. The origin of the word, known in English since 1225, is uncertain, but is possibly an Anglicised version of the French ""pied"", Latin ""pes, pedis"" ""foot"", referring to a petty trader travelling on foot. A peddler, under English law, is defined as: “any hawker, pedlar, petty chapman, tinker, caster of metals, mender of chairs, or other person who, without any horse or other beast bearing or"
"Ordinary (heraldry) In heraldry, an ordinary (or honourable ordinary) is a simple geometrical figure, bounded by straight lines and running from side to side or top to bottom of the shield. There are also some geometric charges known as subordinaries, which have been given lesser status by some heraldic writers, though most have been in use as long as the traditional ordinaries. Diminutives of ordinaries and some subordinaries are charges of the same shape, though thinner. Most of the ordinaries are theoretically said to occupy one-third of the shield; but this is rarely observed in practice, except when the ordinary"
"the land and engage in duels along the way. Knight-errant A knight-errant (or knight errant, without the hyphen) is a figure of medieval chivalric romance literature. The adjective ""errant"" (meaning ""wandering, roving"") indicates how the knight-errant would wander the land in search of adventures to prove his chivalric virtues, either in knightly duels (pas d'armes) or in some other pursuit of courtly love. The knight errant is a character that has broken away from the world of his origin, in order to go off on his own to right wrongs or to test and assert his own chivalric ideals. He"
"Flâneur Flâneur (), from the French noun ""flâneur"", means ""stroller"", ""lounger"", ""saunterer"", or ""loafer"". ""Flânerie"" is the act of strolling, with all of its accompanying associations. A near-synonym is boulevardier. The flâneur was, first of all, a literary type from 19th-century France, essential to any picture of the streets of Paris. The word carried a set of rich associations: the man of leisure, the idler, the urban explorer, the connoisseur of the street. It was Walter Benjamin, drawing on the poetry of Charles Baudelaire, who made this figure the object of scholarly interest in the 20th century, as an emblematic"
"minds."" The Irish music journalist and writer Pat Carty occasionally uses the title ""Le Flâneur"". Flâneur Flâneur (), from the French noun ""flâneur"", means ""stroller"", ""lounger"", ""saunterer"", or ""loafer"". ""Flânerie"" is the act of strolling, with all of its accompanying associations. A near-synonym is boulevardier. The flâneur was, first of all, a literary type from 19th-century France, essential to any picture of the streets of Paris. The word carried a set of rich associations: the man of leisure, the idler, the urban explorer, the connoisseur of the street. It was Walter Benjamin, drawing on the poetry of Charles Baudelaire, who"
"a smaller charge. Ordinary (heraldry) In heraldry, an ordinary (or honourable ordinary) is a simple geometrical figure, bounded by straight lines and running from side to side or top to bottom of the shield. There are also some geometric charges known as subordinaries, which have been given lesser status by some heraldic writers, though most have been in use as long as the traditional ordinaries. Diminutives of ordinaries and some subordinaries are charges of the same shape, though thinner. Most of the ordinaries are theoretically said to occupy one-third of the shield; but this is rarely observed in practice, except"
"Cavalry Cavalry (from the French ""cavalerie"", cf. ""cheval"" 'horse') or horsemen are soldiers or warriors who fight mounted on horseback. Cavalry were historically the most mobile of the combat arms. An individual soldier in the cavalry is known by a number of designations such as cavalryman, horseman, dragoon, or trooper. The designation of cavalry was not usually given to any military forces that used other animals, such as camels, mules or elephants. Infantry who moved on horseback, but dismounted to fight on foot, were known in the 17th and early 18th centuries as dragoons, a class of mounted infantry which"
"Homeric fashion carried a driver and a warrior, the latter at the end of the race leaping out and running on foot (Dionys. vii. 72; and cf. Orelli, 2593, where a charioteer is spoken of as ""pedibus ad quadrigam""). This is a practice confined to the ""ludi Romani"". In the exhibitions of riding, each rider had a second horse led by the hand (Festus, s. v. ""Paribus Equis""), as it appears the Roman horsemen in early times often used two horses in battle, like the Tarentini in Greek warfare (Liv. xxxv. 28, 8). Such riders were called ""desultores"". Most likely,"
"Livery A livery is a uniform, insignia or symbol adorning, in a non-military context, a person, an object or a vehicle that denotes a relationship between the wearer of the livery and an individual or corporate body. Often, elements of the heraldry relating to the individual or corporate body feature in the livery. Alternatively, some kind of a personal emblem or badge, or a distinctive colour, is featured. The word itself derives from the French ""livrée"", meaning ""dispensed, handed over"". Most often it would indicate that the wearer of the livery was a servant, dependant, follower or friend of the"
"a generic name for a cart-horse. Samuel Johnson, ""Dictionary of the English Language"", 1755, glosses ""A strong, active horse, of a middle size, said to have been originally from Ireland; an ambling nag."" Hoblers or Hovellers were men who kept a light nag that they may give instant information of threatened invasion. (Old French, hober, to move up and down; our hobby, q.v.) In mediæval times their duties were to reconnoitre, to carry intelligence, to harass stragglers, to act as spies, to intercept convoys, and to pursue fugitives. Henry Spelman (d. 1641) derived the word from ""hobby"". The Border horses,"
"has also become a generic name for a cart-horse. Samuel Johnson, ""Dictionary of the English Language"", 1755, glosses ""A strong, active horse, of a middle size, said to have been originally from Ireland; an ambling nag."" Hoblers or Hovellers were men who kept a light nag that they may give instant information of threatened invasion. (Old French, hober, to move up and down; our hobby, q.v.) In mediæval times their duties were to reconnoitre, to carry intelligence, to harass stragglers, to act as spies, to intercept convoys, and to pursue fugitives. Henry Spelman (d. 1641) derived the word from ""hobby""."
"Knight-errant A knight-errant (or knight errant, without the hyphen) is a figure of medieval chivalric romance literature. The adjective ""errant"" (meaning ""wandering, roving"") indicates how the knight-errant would wander the land in search of adventures to prove his chivalric virtues, either in knightly duels (pas d'armes) or in some other pursuit of courtly love. The knight errant is a character that has broken away from the world of his origin, in order to go off on his own to right wrongs or to test and assert his own chivalric ideals. He is motivated by idealism and goals that are often"
"Fess In heraldry, a fess or fesse (from Middle English ""fesse"", from Old French, from Latin ""fascia"", ""band"") is a charge on a coat of arms that takes the form of a band running horizontally across the centre of the shield. Writers disagree in how much of the shield's surface is to be covered by a fess or other ordinary, ranging from one-fifth to one-third. The ""Oxford Guide to Heraldry"" states that earlier writers including Leigh, Holme, and Guillim favour one-third, while later writers such as Edmondson favour one-fifth ""on the grounds that a bend, pale, or chevron occupying one-third"
"Foot cavalry Foot cavalry was an oxymoron coined to describe the rapid movements of infantry troops serving under Confederate General Thomas Jonathan ""Stonewall"" Jackson during the American Civil War (1861–1865). The use of the words ""foot"" and ""cavalry"" to describe the same troops were seemingly in conflict with one another, as unlike normal cavalry units with horses, his men were infantry troops, usually on foot (although occasionally traveling by train). To achieve the reputation for amazing speeds of travel, Stonewall Jackson used a combination of great audacity, excellent knowledge, and shrewd use of the terrain, added to the ability to"
"Strolling Strolling is walking along or through at a leisurely pace. Strolling is a pastime and activity enjoyed worldwide as a leisure activity. The object of strolling is to walk at a slightly slower pace in an attempt to absorb the surroundings. Works featuring the ""flâneur"", French for a “strolling urban observer”, have appeared in European and American literature since the late 18th century. The verb form of ""stroll"" may have originated from a c.1600 Cant word. This word may have been derived from the German word ""strollen"", which in itself is a derivative of the German word ""strolchen"", which"
"Promenade position The promenade position (abbreviated as PP in dance diagrams) is a dance position in ballroom and other dances. It is described differently in various dance categories. The promenade position is a ""V"" shaped dance position with the man's right hip and the lady's left hip in contact at the point of the ""V"", and with the man's left side and the lady's right side slightly open. The direction of travel is toward the openside. The man and lady stand in front of each other in body contact, slightly offset to the left, with the middle of the lady's"
"into heraldry, and so it needs no term of attitude to describe it. A creature ""segreant"" has both forelegs raised in the air, as a beast ""rampant"", with wings ""addorsed"" and ""elevated"". This term is reserved to winged quadrupeds (such as griffins and dragons). Creatures combatant are shown in profile facing each other in the ""rampant"" or ""segreant"" position, always paired and never appearing singly. Nearly any creature can be rendered combatant, although this term is usually applied to predatory beasts and mythical creatures; herbivorous animals in such a position are typically blazoned as respectant. Creatures or objects addorsed or"
"ambling gaits are ""lateral"" gaits, meaning that the feet on the same side of the horse move forward, but one after the other, usually in a footfall pattern of right rear, right front, left rear, left front. Others are ""diagonal"", meaning that the feet on opposite sides of the horse move forward in sequence, usually right rear, left front, left rear, right front. A common trait of the ambling gaits is that usually only one foot is completely off the ground at any one time. Ambling gaits are further distinguished by the timing and cadence of the footfall pattern. One"
"archetype of urban, modern experience. Following Benjamin, the flâneur has become an important symbol for scholars, artists and writers. Recent scholarship has also proposed the flâneuse, a female equivalent to the flâneur. Flâneur in English is via French from the Old Norse verb flana ""to wander with no purpose"". The terms of ""flânerie"" date to the 16th or 17th century, denoting strolling, idling, often with the connotation of wasting time. But it was in the 19th century that a rich set of meanings and definitions surrounding the ""flâneur"" took shape. The ""flâneur"" was defined in a long article in Larousse's"
"Tramp A tramp is a long-term homeless person who travels from place to place as a vagrant, traditionally walking all year round. The word ""tramp"" became a common way to refer to such people in 19th-century Britain and America. Tramp is derived from a Middle English verb meaning to ""walk with heavy footsteps"" (""cf."" modern English ""trample"") and to go hiking. In Britain the term was widely used to refer to vagrants in the early Victorian period. The social reporter Henry Mayhew refers to it in his writings of the 1840s and 1850s. By 1850 the word was well established."
"Heraldry Heraldry () is a broad term, encompassing the design, display, and study of armorial bearings (known as ""armory""), as well as related disciplines, such as vexillology, together with the study of ceremony, rank, and pedigree. Armory, the best-known branch of heraldry, concerns the design and transmission of the heraldic achievement, more commonly known as the coat of arms. The coat of arms usually includes a shield, helmet, and crest, together with any accompanying devices, such as supporters, badges, heraldic banners, and mottoes. Although the use of various devices to signify individuals and groups goes back to antiquity, both the"
"Cephalophore A cephalophore (from the Greek for ""head-carrier"") is a saint who is generally depicted carrying his or her own head. In Christian art, this was usually meant to signify that the subject in question had been martyred by beheading. Handling the halo in this circumstance offers a unique challenge for the artist; some put the halo where the head used to be, others have the saint carrying the halo along with the head, and some split the difference. Associated legends often tell of the saint standing and carrying his own head after the beheading. The term ""cephalophore"" was first"
"Hypaspists A hypaspist ( ""shield bearer"" or ""shield covered"") is a squire, man at arms, or ""shield carrier"". In Homer, Deiphobos advances ""ὑπασπίδια"" or under cover of his shield. By the time of Herodotus (426 BC), the word had come to mean a high status soldier as is strongly suggested by Herodotus in one of the earliest known uses: ""Now the horse which Artybius rode was trained to fight with infantrymen by rearing up. Hearing this, Onesilus said to his hypaspist, a Carian of great renown in war and a valiant man..."" A similar usage occurs in Euripides's play ""Rhesus"""
"Helen Mirra Helen Mirra is an American conceptual artist. ""[Like Henry David Thoreau, she is a] maximalist in a minimalist robe"", with an idiosyncratic practice. She is engaged with ideas common to buddhist, particularly zen, and pragmatist philosophy, and since 2008 her art practice has been integrated with walking. She has said of walking: ""It is an unskilled activity, and a modest activity, and a free activity, and an always-available activity, and an equipment-free activity, and an active activity."" In an essay on Mirra's work, Yukio Lippit described her engagement thus: ""Mirra’s practice champions walking as a specific form of"
"Desultor In antiquity, the term ""apobates"" (Greek, ""one who gets off"") or ""desultor"" (Latin ""one who leaps down"") has been applied to individuals skilled at leaping from one horse or chariot to another. As early as the Homeric times, we find the description of a man, who keeps four horses abreast at full gallop, and leaps from one to another, amidst a crowd of admiring spectators. Eustathius on Homer's ""Iliad"", Lib. IV, assures us that riders might have up to six horses all abreast. In the games of the Roman circus, this sport was also very popular. The Roman desultor"