"Gottlieb settled in Kraków and began working on his new major project. He died in the same year from health complications. Matejko attended his funeral and promised his father to look after his younger brother Marcin. Gottlieb won a gold medal at the Munich art competition for his painting, ""Shylock and Jessica"" (1876), portraying a scene from Shakespeare's ""The Merchant of Venice"". The painting was exhibited in Lviv in 1877, and in 1878 at ""Zachęta"" in Warsaw and widely acclaimed. Gottlieb based Jessica's face on that of Laura Rosenfeld, to whom he had proposed marriage. However, Laura rejected his proposal"
"artists such as Barnett Newman, Mark Rothko, David Smith, Milton Avery, and John Graham. In 1935, he and nine others, including Ben-Zion, Joseph Solman, Ilya Bolotowsky, Louis Harris, Jack Kufeld, Mark Rothko, and Louis Schanker, known as “The Ten”, exhibited their works together until 1940. From September 1937 to June 1938, Gottlieb lived in the Arizona desert, outside of Tucson. In those 9 months, he radically changed his approach to painting. He moved from an expressionist-realist style to an approach that combined elements of surrealism and formalist abstraction, using objects and scenes from the local environment as symbols to remove"
"Charles Allan Gilbert Charles Allan Gilbert (September 3, 1873 – April 20, 1929), better known as C. Allan Gilbert, was a prominent American illustrator. He is especially remembered for a widely published drawing (a memento mori or vanitas) titled All Is Vanity. The drawing employs a double image (or visual pun) in which the scene of a woman admiring herself in a mirror, when viewed from a distance, appears to be a human skull. The title is also a pun, as this type of dressing-table is also known as a vanity. The phrase ""All is vanity"" comes from Ecclesiastes 1:2"
"protect the identity of their art. Arthur Gilbert became known for painting moonlight and night scenes, as well as stark mountains landscapes, many of which were exhibited in London. He painted also two large pictures of Saint John the Baptist for the ""atelier Jacques-Paul Migne"" that are part of the triptych of the choir in the gothic church of Audresselles, sea-side village in France (Pas-de-Calais). Arthur Gilbert Arthur Gilbert (19 December 1819 – 21 April 1895) was an English landscape painter during the Victorian era, and a member of the Williams family of painters. Arthur Gilbert was born Arthur Gilbert"
"exhibited at the various societies. In 1872 he was knighted. He became an RA in 1876, in the same year as Edward Poynter. The ""Gilbert-Garret Competition for Sketching Clubs"" was started in 1870 at St. Martins School of Art, and named after its first president, John Gilbert. Gilbert is buried at Brockley and Ladywell Cemeteries. Gilbert illustrated: Gilbert has nearly sixty oil paintings in British national collections. John Gilbert (painter) Sir John Gilbert (21 July 1817 – 5 October 1897) was an English artist, illustrator and engraver. Gilbert was born in Blackheath, Surrey, and taught himself to paint. His only"
"Maurycy Gottlieb Maurycy Gottlieb ; February 21/28, 1856 – July 17, 1879) was a Polish Jewish realist painter of the Romantic period. He was born in Drohobych to a wealthy, Yiddish and Polish-speaking orthodox Jewish family living in Galicia. It was then part of the Austrian sector of Partitioned Poland, now Western Ukraine. Considered one of the most talented students of Jan Matejko, Gottllieb died at the age of 23. Maurycy (Moses) was one of Isaac Gottlieb and Fanya ""née"" Tigerman's eleven children. He was introduced to painting in Lemberg (Lviv) by Michał Godlewski. At fifteen, he enrolled at the"
"Gottlieb's work. However, the painting may also evoke the anguish Gottlieb experienced in his personal life. Gottlieb may have suffered from depression, and in fact referenced his own suicide in the painting. The mantle of the Torah scroll is inscribed with a Hebrew dedication: “... donated in memory of ... R. Moshe [Maurycy’s Hebrew name] Gottlieb, the righteous of blessed memory.” A year after the painting's completion, the aforementioned Laura married another man, breaking her engagement with Gottlieb. He became ill and died shortly thereafter; some believe as a result of physical ailment, but others suspect it was death by"
"exemplified by the 1971 Ronnie Landfield painting ""Garden of Delight"" (above), there is a sense of compositional randomness, all over composition, low key and relaxed compositional drama and an emphasis on process, repetition, and an all over sensibility. During the 1960s and 1970s artists as powerful and influential as Robert Motherwell, Adolph Gottlieb, Philip Guston, Lee Krasner, Cy Twombly, Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns, Richard Diebenkorn, Josef Albers, Elmer Bischoff, Agnes Martin, Al Held, Sam Francis, Ellsworth Kelly, Morris Louis, Helen Frankenthaler, Gene Davis, Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Joan Mitchell, Friedel Dzubas, and younger artists like Brice Marden, Robert Mangold, Sam"
"as an adult. Maurycy Gottlieb Maurycy Gottlieb ; February 21/28, 1856 – July 17, 1879) was a Polish Jewish realist painter of the Romantic period. He was born in Drohobych to a wealthy, Yiddish and Polish-speaking orthodox Jewish family living in Galicia. It was then part of the Austrian sector of Partitioned Poland, now Western Ukraine. Considered one of the most talented students of Jan Matejko, Gottllieb died at the age of 23. Maurycy (Moses) was one of Isaac Gottlieb and Fanya ""née"" Tigerman's eleven children. He was introduced to painting in Lemberg (Lviv) by Michał Godlewski. At fifteen, he"
"American painter Gilbert Stuart. The painting was acquired by ""Misters Boydell"", engraver and print-seller John Boydell mentioned above and his nephew artist and publisher Josiah Boydell. John Browne eldest son, John Samuel Browne, ""Esq, late of the East India House"" died aged 76 on 6 June 1858 at his residence at Walworth, Surrey, Browne was himself an artist and a friend of Rev William Holwell Carr. A grand-daughter of Browne, Frances Ann Browne, and her husband Edward Miller, formerly manager of the Bank of New South Wales, were murdered on 10 November 1879 at their home in Wellington, New Zealand"
"Arthur Gilbert Arthur Gilbert (19 December 1819 – 21 April 1895) was an English landscape painter during the Victorian era, and a member of the Williams family of painters. Arthur Gilbert was born Arthur Gilbert Frederick Williams on 19 December 1819 at Newington Butts Road in South East London. He was the fourth son of the painter Edward Williams (1781–1855) and Ann Hildebrandt (c.1780–1851), and a member of the Williams family of painters, who were related to such famous artists as James Ward, R.A. and George Morland. His father was a well-known landscape artist, who taught him how to paint;"
"mistakenly credited with two other popular double image artworks, ""Gossip: And the Devil Was There"", and ""Social Donkey"", both of which were apparently made by another illustrator of the same time period, George A. Wotherspoon. Gilbert continued to live in New York during the remainder of his life, but he often spent his summers on Monegan Island in Maine. He died in New York of pneumonia at age 55. Charles Allan Gilbert Charles Allan Gilbert (September 3, 1873 – April 20, 1929), better known as C. Allan Gilbert, was a prominent American illustrator. He is especially remembered for a widely"
"John Gilbert (painter) Sir John Gilbert (21 July 1817 – 5 October 1897) was an English artist, illustrator and engraver. Gilbert was born in Blackheath, Surrey, and taught himself to paint. His only formal instruction was from George Lance. Skilled in several media, Gilbert gained the nickname, ""the Scott of painting"". He was best known for the illustrations and woodcuts he produced for the ""Illustrated London News"". Gilbert was initially apprenticed to a firm of estate agents, but taught himself art by copying prints. He was unable to enter the Royal Academy Schools, but mastered watercolour, oils, and other media."
"Motherwell, Adolph Gottlieb, Phillip Guston, Lee Krasner, Cy Twombly, Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns, Richard Diebenkorn, Josef Albers, Elmer Bischoff, Agnes Martin, Al Held, Sam Francis, Ellsworth Kelly, Morris Louis, Helen Frankenthaler, Gene Davis, Frank Stella, Kenneth Noland, Joan Mitchell, Friedel Dzubas, and younger artists like Brice Marden, Robert Mangold, Sam Gilliam, John Hoyland, Sean Scully, Elizabeth Murray, Larry Poons, Walter Darby Bannard, Larry Zox, Ronnie Landfield, Ronald Davis, Dan Christensen, Joan Snyder, Ross Bleckner, Archie Rand, Richard Saba, Susan Crile, Mino Argento and dozens of others continued to produce vital and influential paintings. By the early 1960s minimalism emerged as"
"the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s painters as powerful and influential as Adolph Gottlieb, Phillip Guston, Lee Krasner, Cy Twombly, Robert Rauschenberg, Jasper Johns, Richard Diebenkorn, Josef Albers, Elmer Bischoff, Agnes Martin, Al Held, Sam Francis, Kenneth Noland, Jules Olitski, Ellsworth Kelly, Morris Louis, Gene Davis, Frank Stella, Joan Mitchell, Friedel Dzubas, Paul Jenkins and younger artists like Brice Marden, Robert Mangold, Sam Gilliam, Sean Scully, Elizabeth Murray, Walter Darby Bannard, Larry Zox, Ronnie Landfield, Ronald Davis, Dan Christensen, Susan Rothenberg, Ross Bleckner, Richard Tuttle, Julian Schnabel, Peter Halley, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Eric Fischl and dozens of others produced vital and influential"
"political theories of Karl Marx and joined the Communist Party in the 1930s, remaining a lifelong member of the party. Harry Gottlieb Harry Gottlieb (1895 – July 4, 1992) was an American painter, screen printer, lithographer, and educator. Gottlieb was born in Bucharest, Romania in 1895. He immigrated to America in 1907, and his family settled in Minneapolis. His family was of Jewish background. From 1915 to 1917, Gottlieb attended the Minneapolis Institute of Arts. After a short stint as an illustrator for the U.S. Navy, Gottlieb moved to New York City; he became a scenic and costume designer for"
"with the getting rid of nature."" During the 1960s and 1970s artists as powerful and influential as Adolph Gottlieb, Phillip Guston, Lee Krasner, Richard Diebenkorn, Elmer Bischoff, Agnes Martin, Sam Francis, Gene Davis, Joan Mitchell, Friedel Dzubas, and younger artists like Sam Gilliam, Sean Scully, Pat Steir, Elizabeth Murray, Walter Darby Bannard, Dan Christensen, Joan Snyder, Richard Tuttle, Ross Bleckner, Archie Rand, Susan Crile, and dozens of others produced vital and influential paintings. Still other important innovations in abstract painting took place during the 1960s and the 1970s characterized by Monochrome painting and Hard-edge painting inspired by Ad Reinhardt, Barnett"
"Leopold Gottlieb Leopold Gottlieb (1883, Drohobycz, Partitioned Poland – Paris, 1934) was a Polish-Jewish modernist painter. His brother Maurycy Gottlieb, also a painter, died before Leopold was born. Leopold Gottlieb began his formal art education at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kraków under the direction of Jacek Malczewski. After graduating the academy, he moved to Munich to continue his studies in the studio of Anton Ažbe. In 1904, at the age of 21 he settled in Paris and became a member of the Circle of Montparnasse artists. During the years 1904-1907, he exhibited his works in group exhibitions with"
"and whose earliest practitioner was Jan Brueghel the Elder. These paintings typically show a flower garland around a devotional image or portrait. Garland paintings were usually collaborations between a still life and a figure painter. An example is the composition """" (Auctioned at Sotheby's, London on 5 December 2006, lot nr 412) in which the portrait of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria was painted by Thijs and the flower garland is by an unknown hand. In the 1650s, Pieter Thijs worked with Thomas Willeboirts Bosschaert, Jan Brueghel the Younger and Adriaen van Utrecht on the cartoons for two series of"
"district. Horace Walter Gilbert Horace Walter Gilbert (1855-1928) was an English landscape painter during the Victorian era, and a member of the Williams family of painters. He was born Horace Walter Gilbert-Williams on 6 April 1855 in the Kensington district of London, being the only child of the well-known Victorian landscape painter Arthur Gilbert and Gilbert's second wife Sarah Ann Godfrey. He initially became a landscape painter, like his father, and his older step-sister Kate Gilbert, but ultimately he decided to pursue instead a career as a civil servant and university lecturer. Prior to this, he exhibited at the Royal"
"speculated that the portrait may be of Edmund Butts, the brother of the William Butts whom Bettes painted. Both were sons of William Butts, a court physician whose portrait Holbein painted in 1543. John Bettes the Elder John Bettes the Elder (active ""c."" 1531–1570) was an English artist whose few known paintings date from between about 1543 and 1550. His most famous work is his ""Portrait of a Man in a Black Cap"". His son John Bettes the Younger, with whom he is sometimes confused, was a pupil of Nicholas Hilliard who painted portraits during the reign of Elizabeth I"
"to travel with this panorama in Europe, Asia and Africa and even gave Queen Victoria a private viewing. His portrait was painted in 1849 by the English artist Anna Mary Howitt. During his travels he also painted panoramas in Palestine and the Nile River Valley. Banvard had a rivalry with panorama performers John Rowson Smith and Richard Risley Carlisle. Banvard called them imitators and ""unprincipled persons"". They in turn referred to the ""crude efforts of the uncultivated artist"" Banvard. Banvard suggested that Smith and Carlisle's panorama was actually painted by George Catlin, who had copied the image after his own"
"the 20th-century European painters in the collection are Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Henri Matisse, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Fernand Léger, Oskar Kokoschka and Henri Le Fauconnier. The 18th- and 19th-century American collection is particularly strong, with important examples by such artists as John Singleton Copley, Gilbert Stuart, Thomas Cole, Winslow Homer, William Merritt Chase, Martin Johnson Heade, Mary Cassatt, John Singer Sargent, and Edward Mitchell Bannister, an African-American landscapist who spent his career as a painter in Rhode Island. Significant works by George Wesley Bellows, Robert Henri, Charles Sheeler, Maxfield Parrish, Georgia O'Keeffe, John Twachtman, Hans Hofmann, Paul Manship, and Nancy Elizabeth"
"Ostensibly an image of peace, the painting holds reminders of a darker Kurelek vision. In the bottom left corner, a bisected skull reminds the viewer of the artist's troubled past. And in the far upper right, a dark storm is on the horizon. This painting is part of the collection of the Bethlem Royal Hospital Archives and Museum, along with ""The Maze."" Many have cited Hieronymus Bosch and Pieter Bruegel the Elder as an influence for Kurelek's work in general, ""The Maze"" specifically. In his account of the painting in his autobiography ""Someone with Me"", Kurelek cites Jonathan Swift as"
"dramatist Aphra Behn, who kept up an amorous correspondence with him, and lamented his early death in a fulsome panegyric. Greenhill's portraits are of great merit, often approaching those of Lely in excellence. Among his chief sitters were Bishop Seth Ward, in the Guildhall at Salisbury, painted in 1673; Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, painted more than once during his chancellorship in 1672 (engraved by Abraham Blooteling); John Locke, who wrote some verses in Greenhill's praise (engraved by Pieter van Gunst); Sir William D'Avenant (engraved by William Faithorne); Philip Woolrich (engraved in mezzotint by Francis Place); poet Abraham"
"Horace Walter Gilbert Horace Walter Gilbert (1855-1928) was an English landscape painter during the Victorian era, and a member of the Williams family of painters. He was born Horace Walter Gilbert-Williams on 6 April 1855 in the Kensington district of London, being the only child of the well-known Victorian landscape painter Arthur Gilbert and Gilbert's second wife Sarah Ann Godfrey. He initially became a landscape painter, like his father, and his older step-sister Kate Gilbert, but ultimately he decided to pursue instead a career as a civil servant and university lecturer. Prior to this, he exhibited at the Royal Academy"
"the German landscape artist Prince Hermann von Pückler-Muskau; the Italian statesman Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807–1882); Russian Tsars Nicholas I (1796–1855) and Alexander I (1777–1825); the king of Persia; Queen Victoria (1819–1901) and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg (1819–61); Sir Walter Scott (1771–1832); Prince Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau (1740–1817); Prime Ministers William Ewart Gladstone (1809–1898) and Sir Robert Walpole (1676–1745); Queen Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1683–1737); John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (1713–92) with his protégé, the architect William Burges (1827–1881), and the present Prince of Wales and Princess Margaret. On 20 May 1966, the Beatles visited Chiswick House to shoot promotional films"
"Gilbert White (painter) Thomas Gilbert White (July 18, 1877 – February 17, 1939) was an American painter, now best remembered for his murals. His brothers Stewart Edward White and Roderick White also achieved acclaim, as author and violinist, respectively. White was born in Grand Haven, Michigan, and died in Paris. He studied at Columbia University and the Art Students League of New York, and at the Académie Julian and the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris with James McNeil Whistler. His work graces the state capitols of Kentucky, Oklahoma, and Utah; the County Courthouse in New Haven, Connecticut; and the Pan"
"of the women is a depiction of Laura, the artist's fiancée. The artist Maurycy Gottlieb appears in the painting three different times, depicted in different stages of his life. In one self-portrait he is an adult, in another he is a young child, and in the third self-portrait he is depicted as an adolescent. Ezra Mendelsohn writes, “Maurycy himself stands, in a colorful, exotic-looking talith, with head in hand. On the left we have the artist as a small boy, wearing a medallion with his initials written in Hebrew. On the extreme right is a young male figure, perhaps again"
"Another art form introduced through the church was stained glass, which was also adopted for secular uses. Nicholas Hilliard (c. 1547–7 January 1619) - ""the first native-born genius of English painting"" - began a strong English tradition in the portrait miniature. The tradition was continued by Hilliard's pupil Isaac Oliver (c. 1565–bur. 2 October 1617), whose French Huguenot parents had escaped to England in the artist's childhood. Other notable English artists across the period include: Nathaniel Bacon (1585–1627); John Bettes the Elder (active c. 1531–1570) and John Bettes the Younger (died 1616); George Gower (c.1540–1596), William Larkin (early 1580s–1619), and"
"and the British Aesthetic movement. The British-based American painter James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Aubrey Beardsley, and the former Pre-Raphaelites Dante Gabriel Rossetti, and Edward Burne-Jones are associated with those movements, with late Burne-Jones and Beardsley both being admired abroad and representing the nearest British approach to European Symbolism. In 1877 James McNeill Whistler, sued the art critic John Ruskin for libel after the critic condemned his painting ""Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket"". Ruskin accused Whistler of ""ask[ing] two hundred guineas for throwing a pot of paint in the public's face."" The jury reached a verdict in favor"
"Gilbert Stuart Gilbert Charles Stuart (born Stewart; December 3, 1755 – July 9, 1828) was an American painter from Rhode Island who is widely considered one of America's foremost portraitists. His best known work is the unfinished portrait of George Washington that is sometimes referred to as ""The Athenaeum"", begun in 1796. Stuart retained the portrait and used it to paint 130 copies which he sold for $100 each. The image of George Washington featured in the painting has appeared on the United States one-dollar bill for more than a century and on various U.S. postage stamps of the 19th"
"Stothard (1755-1834) with whom Blake quarrelled. In the popular imagination English landscape painting from the 18th century onwards typifies English art, inspired largely from the love of the pastoral and mirroring as it does the development of larger country houses set in a pastoral rural landscape. Two English Romantics are largely responsible for raising the status of landscape painting worldwide: John Constable (1776-1837) and J. M. W. Turner (1775-1851), who is credited with elevating landscape painting to an eminence rivalling history painting. Other notable 18th and 19th century landscape painters include: George Arnald (1763-1841); John Linnell (1792-1882), a rival to"