"Susan Macdowell Eakins Susan Hannah Macdowell Eakins (September 21, 1851 – December 27, 1938) was an American painter and photographer. Her works were first shown at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, where she was a student. She won the Mary Smith Prize there in 1879 and Charles Toppan prize in 1882. One of her teachers was artist Thomas Eakins, who later became her husband. She made portrait and still life paintings. She was also known of her photography. After her husband died in 1916, Eakins became a prolific painter. Her works were exhibited in group exhibitions in her lifetime,"
"Thomas Eakins House The Thomas Eakins House is a historic house at 1727-29 Mount Vernon Street in the Spring Garden section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Built about 1854, it was for most of his life the home of Thomas Eakins (1844-1916), one of the most influential American artist of the late 19th century. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965, and is now home to a local artist cooperative. The Thomas Eakins House is located north of downtown Philadelphia, on the north side of Mount Vernon Street between North 18th and 17th Streets in the city's Spring Garden"
"school and they reunited to study at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Thomas began at the academy in 1861 and later attended courses in anatomy and dissection at Jefferson Medical College from 1864 to 65. For a while, he followed his father's profession and was listed in city directories as a ""writing teacher"". His scientific interest in the human body led him to consider becoming a surgeon. Eakins then studied art in Europe from 1866 to 1870, notably in Paris with Jean-Léon Gérôme, being only the second American pupil of the French realist painter, famous as a master"
"expression that has been interpreted as one of ""accusation and bitterness"", art historian Darrel Sewell has noted that the painting's power resides in its emotional ambiguity, and that it bears closer relationship to the sympathetic intimacy of Eakins' portraits of women than to his more psychologically distant images of men. Self-portrait (Thomas Eakins) Self-portrait is an oil on canvas painting by Thomas Eakins, presented as a diploma piece upon his election as an Associate member of the National Academy of Design in 1902. Although Eakins included himself as an observer or participant in group portraits and genre scenes, this and"
"little by way of official recognition during his lifetime. Since his death, he has been celebrated by American art historians as ""the strongest, most profound realist in nineteenth- and early-twentieth-century American art"". Eakins was born and lived most of his life in Philadelphia. He was the first child of Caroline Cowperthwait Eakins, a woman of English and Dutch descent, and Benjamin Eakins, a writing master and calligraphy teacher of Scots-Irish ancestry. Benjamin Eakins grew up on a farm in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, the son of a weaver. He was successful in his chosen profession, and moved to Philadelphia in the"
"Thomas Sully and G.P.A. Healy. Middle-class city life found its painter in Thomas Eakins (1844–1916), an uncompromising realist whose unflinching honesty undercut the genteel preference for romantic sentimentalism. As a result, he was not notably successful in his lifetime, although he has since been recognized as one of the most significant U.S. artists. One of his students was Henry Ossawa Tanner, the first African-American painter to achieve international acclaim. A trompe-l'oeil style of still-life painting, originating mainly in Philadelphia, included Raphaelle Peale (one of several artists of the Peale family), William Michael Harnett, and John F. Peto. The most successful"
"Thomas I. Atkins Thomas Irving Atkins (March 2, 1939 in Elkhart, Indiana – June 27, 2008 in Brooklyn) was an African American attorney and politician who served as a member of the Boston City Council and General Counsel of the NAACP. Atkins was born on March 2, 1939, in Elkhart, Indiana to a Pentecostal minister and a domestic. As a child, he overcame a bout of polio. He was the first black student body president at Elkhart High School. In 1960, he was elected student body president at Indiana University. He was the school's first African American student body president"
"and an innovator in the use of photography for artistic purposes. He also taught a generation of artists at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, where he introduced new techniques for studying and painting the human form. Many of his portrait subjects are from all walks of life in Philadelphia, his lifelong home. The Mural Arts Program, a Philadelphia-based art program that creates outdoor murals, is currently based in the Thomas Eakins house. Thomas Eakins House The Thomas Eakins House is a historic house at 1727-29 Mount Vernon Street in the Spring Garden section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Built"
"Thomas Elkins Thomas Elkins (1818–1900) was an African-American dentist, abolitionist, surgeon, pharmacist, and inventor. He lived in Albany, New York, for most of his life, but travelled during his service as the medical examiner of the 54th and 55th Massachusetts infantries, and visited Liberia. Notable inventions include patented improvements to the chamber commode and refrigerator. He died August 10, 1900, and is buried at Albany Rural Cemetery. In the late 1800's, African-Americans were a growing population in pharmacy work. As it was considered easier for a pharmacist of color to conduct trade with other people of color, African-American druggists were"
"Benjamin Hooks and Hooks was reinstated. Atkins resigned as counsel in 1984 to return to private law practice. Atkins and his wife separated in 1984. They would divorce four years later. Atkins died on June 27, 2008 from complications from Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thomas I. Atkins Thomas Irving Atkins (March 2, 1939 in Elkhart, Indiana – June 27, 2008 in Brooklyn) was an African American attorney and politician who served as a member of the Boston City Council and General Counsel of the NAACP. Atkins was born on March 2, 1939, in Elkhart, Indiana to a Pentecostal minister and a"
"welcome whenever she comes to town."" Williams never married, and for some years worked as a seamstress and made corsets. In 1882 Thomas Eakins' father Benjamin invited her to live in the Eakins' home in Philadelphia; Williams demurred, and moved to Chicago, where she lived for six years with one of her brothers. During this time she and Eakins maintained a written correspondence, and the friendship with Eakins' family was further renewed when she returned to Philadelphia in the late 1890s. Eakins's relationship with Mary Adeline Williams has been the subject of a decades-long debate among art historians. Eakins biographer"
"becoming the only black student. His decision to attend the school came at an exciting time in the history of artistic institutional training. Art academies had long relied on tired notions of study devoted almost entirely to plaster cast studies and anatomy lectures. This changed drastically with the addition of Thomas Eakins as ""Professor of Drawing and Painting"" to the Pennsylvania Academy. Eakins encouraged new methods, such as study from live models, direct discussion of anatomy in male and female classes, and dissections of cadavers to further familiarity and understanding of the human body. Eakins's progressive views and ability to"
"to make a living from his work, today he is regarded as one of the most important American artists of any period. Since the 1990s, Eakins has emerged as a major figure in sexuality studies in art history, for both the homoeroticism of his male nudes and for the complexity of his attitudes toward women. Controversy shaped much of his career as a teacher and as an artist. He insisted on teaching men and women ""the same"", used nude male models in female classes and vice versa, and was accused of abusing female students. Recent scholarship suggests that these scandals"
"early 1840s to raise his family. Thomas Eakins observed his father at work and by twelve demonstrated skill in precise line drawing, perspective, and the use of a grid to lay out a careful design, skills he later applied to his art. He was an athletic child who enjoyed rowing, ice skating, swimming, wrestling, sailing, and gymnastics—activities he later painted and encouraged in his students. Eakins attended Central High School, the premier public school for applied science and arts in the city, where he excelled in mechanical drawing. Thomas met fellow artist and lifelong friend, Charles Lewis Fussell in high"
"the 1857-8 financial crisis. George Boker’s The Book of the Dead was a response to his father's posthumous critics. Edward H. Coates (director) Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts Mechanics' Bank director Edward H. Coates was a businessman and art patron most notorious for his association with Thomas Eakins, perhaps the greatest American realist painter. As chairman of the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts’ Committee on Instruction, Coates was instrumental in appointing Eakins as director and supported reforms like teaching anatomy from nude models instead of plaster casts. In 1883, the two served together on a University of Pennsylvania's committee to"
"a quilting frame."" Stephen and Harriet Myers House <br> List of African-American inventors and scientists Thomas Elkins Thomas Elkins (1818–1900) was an African-American dentist, abolitionist, surgeon, pharmacist, and inventor. He lived in Albany, New York, for most of his life, but travelled during his service as the medical examiner of the 54th and 55th Massachusetts infantries, and visited Liberia. Notable inventions include patented improvements to the chamber commode and refrigerator. He died August 10, 1900, and is buried at Albany Rural Cemetery. In the late 1800's, African-Americans were a growing population in pharmacy work. As it was considered easier for"
"individuality required that the subject be painted in his own daily working environment. Eakins' ""Portrait of Professor Benjamin H. Rand"" (1874) was a prelude to what many consider his most important work. In ""The Gross Clinic"" (1875), a renowned Philadelphia surgeon, Dr. Samuel D. Gross, is seen presiding over an operation to remove part of a diseased bone from a patient's thigh. Gross lectures in an amphitheater crowded with students at Jefferson Medical College. Eakins spent nearly a year on the painting, again choosing a novel subject, the discipline of modern surgery, in which Philadelphia was in the forefront. He"
"John Eakins John F. Eakins (December 8, 1922 - September 16, 1998) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1975 to 1990 who represented the riding of Victoria—Haliburton. He served as a cabinet minister in the government of David Peterson. Eakins was born in Mariposa Township in Victoria County, Ontario and educated in Lindsay, Ontario. Eakins was a barber and hairdresser. Eakin was predeceased by his wife, Iris, who died in the mid-1980s and they had three children. He served as a councillor in Lindsay for three years, and"
"Self-portrait (Thomas Eakins) Self-portrait is an oil on canvas painting by Thomas Eakins, presented as a diploma piece upon his election as an Associate member of the National Academy of Design in 1902. Although Eakins included himself as an observer or participant in group portraits and genre scenes, this and a smaller unsigned and undated oil, thought to have been made at about the same time, are the only unadorned self-portraits he ever painted. Lloyd Goodrich wrote that it ""is not only one of his finest head and bust likenesses, but a revealing human document; in the direct look of"
"Owing to Eakins' devotion to working from life, the Academy's course of study was by the early 1880s the most ""liberal and advanced in the world"". Eakins believed in teaching by example and letting the students find their own way with only terse guidance. His students included painters, cartoonists, and illustrators such as Henry Ossawa Tanner, Thomas Pollock Anshutz, Edward Willis Redfield, Colin Campbell Cooper, Alice Barber Stephens, Frederick Judd Waugh, T. S. Sullivant and A. B. Frost. He stated his teaching philosophy bluntly, ""A teacher can do very little for a pupil & should only be thankful if he"
"The Gross Clinic The Gross Clinic, or, The Clinic of Dr. Gross, is an 1875 painting by American artist Thomas Eakins. It is oil on canvas and measures by . Many art historians consider ""The Gross Clinic"" to be one of the best American paintings ever made. Dr. Samuel D. Gross, a seventy-year-old professor dressed in a black frock coat, lectures a group of Jefferson Medical College students. Included among the group is a self-portrait of Eakins, who is seen at the right-hand side of the painting, next to the tunnel railing, with a white cuffed sleeve sketching or writing."
"Salutat Salutat is an 1898 painting by Thomas Eakins (1844–1916). Based on a real-life boxing match that occurred in 1898, the work depicts a boxer waving to the crowd after the match. According to Eakins' biographer Lloyd Goodrich, ""Salutat"" is ""one of Eakins' finest achievements in figure-painting."" The painting's title is Latin for ""He greets"" or ""He salutes."" Much as he had with his paintings of rowers in the 1870s, during the late 1890s Eakins turned his interest again to the male nude, this time depicting prizefighters. Eakins attended fights in 1898, and aided by sportswriters Clarence Cranmer and Henry"
"brother-in-law Thomas Eakins of sexual misconduct with his PAFA students and with his deceased sister Margaret. The charges ignited such a controversy that Eakins was forced to resign from PAFA. Stephens, his cousin Charles Stephens, and Thomas Anshutz, all PAFA instructors, next took their accusations to the Philadelphia Sketch Club: ""We hereby charge Mr. Thom Eakins with conduct unworthy of a gentleman & discreditable to this organization & ask his expulsion from the club."" A committee investigated, concluding that: ""Eakins has used his position as an artist and his authority as a teacher to commit certain trespasses on common decency"
"Thomas Ewbank Thomas Ewbank (11 March 1792 – 16 September 1870) was an English writer on practical mechanics, who was United States Commissioner of Patents from 1849 to 1852. Ewbank was born at Barnard Castle, Durham, on 11 March 1792. When thirteen years of age he began work as a plumber and brassfounder. In 1812 he went to London, where he was employed in making cases for preserved meats. His spare hours were given to reading. In 1819 he emigrated to America, and next year began business in New York City as a manufacturer of lead, tin, and copper tubing."
"for over 10 years, was elected president of the Western Society of Naturalists and American Society of Zoologists, and was a fellow of the California Academy of Sciences. Eakin was born in Florence, Colorado, and grew up in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He initially studied at the University of Tulsa, planning a career in the clergy, before switching to zoology, earning a bachelor's degree and doctorate at UC Berkeley. After postdoctoral studies in Germany under Hans Spemann he returned to UC Berkeley as a faculty member, where he would teach for over 40 years, earning awards and recognition for his teaching before"
"academy. Their romance floundered after Eakins moved to Paris to study, and she accused him of immorality. It is likely Eakins had told her of frequenting places where prostitutes assembled. The son of Eakins' physician also reported that Eakins had been """"very loose sexually—went to France, where there are no morals, and the french morality suited him to a T"""". In 1884, at age 40, Eakins married Susan Hannah Macdowell, the daughter of a Philadelphia engraver. Two years earlier Eakins' sister Margaret, who had acted as his secretary and personal servant, had died of typhoid. It has been suggested that"
"utilizing his studies in perspective. Eakins also took a keen interest in the new technologies of motion photography, a field in which he is now seen as an innovator. No less important in Eakins' life was his work as a teacher. As an instructor he was a highly influential presence in American art. The difficulties which beset him as an artist seeking to paint the portrait and figure realistically were paralleled and even amplified in his career as an educator, where behavioral and sexual scandals truncated his success and damaged his reputation. Eakins was a controversial figure whose work received"
"William Innes Homer William Innes Homer (November 8, 1929 - July 8, 2012) was an American academic, art historian, and author. Homer was an expert in the life and works of painter Thomas Eakins. Homer received his B.A. from Princeton University in 1951. From Harvard University, Homer received his M.A. in 1954 and his Ph.D. in 1961. In 1961, Homer was hired as an assistant professor in the Art and Archaeology Department at Princeton. In 1964, he became an associate professor of Art History at Cornell University. In 1966, Homer came to the University of Delaware where he served as"
"of Eakins's departure from PAFA. It is now seen as less of a case of Victorian authority (PAFA's Board) persecuting a heroic iconoclast (Eakins), and more as a conspiracy by his colleagues and personal enemies to engineer his ouster from PAFA and deliberately sabotage his reputation. Art Students' League of Philadelphia Art Students' League of Philadelphia was a short-lived, co-operative art school formed in reaction to Thomas Eakins's February 1886 forced-resignation from the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Eakins taught without pay at ASL from 1886 until the school's dissolution in early 1893. In early January 1886, Eakins, director"
"in PAFA's annual exhibition regardless of subject. Famously, Thomas Eakins, who had been forced to resign as director of PAFA's school in 1886, accepted his 1904 award by declaring, ”I think you’ve got a heap of impudence to give me a medal."" He then rode off on a bicycle to the Philadelphia Mint, where he sold the gold medal for its melt-down value. William Glackens wryly changed the name of the figure painting that won him the 1924 award from ""Nude"" to ""Temple Gold Medal Nude"". By the 1930s, PAFA's annual exhibitions had acquired a reputation for being parochial and"
"his other male portraits. Deeply affected by his dismissal from the Academy, Eakins' later career focused on portraiture, such as his 1905 ""Portrait of Professor William S. Forbes"". His steadfast insistence on his own vision of realism, in addition to his notoriety from his school scandals, combined to hurt his income in later years. Even as he approached these portraits with the skill of a highly trained anatomist, what is most noteworthy is the intense psychological presence of his sitters. However, it was precisely for this reason that his portraits were often rejected by the sitters or their families. As"
"Portrait of Professor Benjamin H. Rand Portrait of Professor Benjamin H. Rand is an 1874 painting by Thomas Eakins. It is oil on canvas and depicts Benjamin H. Rand, a doctor at Jefferson Medical College who taught Eakins anatomy. In the painting, Rand is reading a book while petting a cat. The portrait was the first Eakins made of someone outside his family. It is a prelude to what he considered his most important painting, ""The Gross Clinic"" (1875). Rand donated it to Jefferson Medical College when he retired. It was purchased by Alice L. Walton for an estimated US$20"
"of 71 and is buried at The Woodlands, which is located near the University of Pennsylvania in West Philadelphia. Late in life Eakins did experience some recognition. In 1902 he was made a National Academician. In 1914 the sale of a portrait study of D. Hayes Agnew for ""The Agnew Clinic"" to Dr. Albert C. Barnes precipitated much publicity when rumors circulated that the selling price was fifty thousand dollars. In fact, Barnes bought the painting for four thousand dollars. In the year after his death, Eakins was honored with a memorial retrospective at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and"