"Poland, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, ""for her extraordinary merits in the field of the development of German Polish relations"" the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland, one of the most valuable awards of the Polish state. For more than ten years now Elzbieta Adamski is in charge of the visit program for former forced labourers. NS Documentation Centre of the City of Cologne The NS Documentation Centre of the City of Cologne () was founded by a resolution passed by the Cologne city council on December 13, 1979 and has become the largest regional memorial site in all of Germany"
"European route E29 European route E 29 is a series of roads in Europe, part of the United Nations International E-road network. It runs from Cologne, Germany through Luxembourg, through Germany again, and finishing at Sarreguemines, France. Firstly it leaves Cologne, where it links with the E 31, the E 35, the E 37 and the E 40. It then heads south and crosses into Luxembourg, and into Luxembourg City, where more links are made to the E 25, the E 44 and the E 125. It then re-enters Germany, more specifically the Saarland, running through the city of Saarbrücken,"
"University of Cologne The University of Cologne () is a university in Cologne, Germany. It was the sixth university to be established in Central Europe and, although it closed in 1798 before being re-established in 1919, it is now one of the largest universities in Germany with more than 48,000 students. The University of Cologne is a German Excellence University, and as of 2017 it ranks 145th globally according to ""Times Higher Education'.' The University of Cologne was established in 1388 as the fourth university in the Holy Roman Empire, after the Charles University of Prague (1348), the University of"
"where it links with the E 50 and the E 422. On its final stretch, it crosses the French border and finishes at Sarreguemines. Its total length is . European route E29 European route E 29 is a series of roads in Europe, part of the United Nations International E-road network. It runs from Cologne, Germany through Luxembourg, through Germany again, and finishing at Sarreguemines, France. Firstly it leaves Cologne, where it links with the E 31, the E 35, the E 37 and the E 40. It then heads south and crosses into Luxembourg, and into Luxembourg City, where"
"and smaller carnival clubs on carnival Sunday. As there have been continuously more than one million spectators on the streets for the Rose Monday parade every year Cologne carnival is one of the largest street festivals in Europe. Cologne Carnival The Cologne Carnival () is a carnival that takes place every year in Cologne, Germany. Traditionally, the ""fifth season"" (carnival season) is declared open at 11 minutes past 11 on the 11th of the 11th month November. The Carnival spirit is then temporarily suspended during the Advent and Christmas period, and picks up again in earnest after 6 January (Biblical"
"above sea level (the Worringer Bruch). The city of Cologne lies within the larger area of the Cologne Lowland, a cone-shaped area of southeastern Westphalia that lies between Bonn, Aachen and Düsseldorf. Cologne is divided into 9 boroughs (""Stadtbezirke"") and 85 districts (""Stadtteile""): Located in the Rhine-Ruhr area, Cologne is one of the warmest cities in Germany. It has a temperate–oceanic climate (Köppen: ""Cfb"") with cool winters and warm summers. It is also one of the cloudiest cities in Germany, with just 1568 hours of sun a year. Its average annual temperature is : during the day and at night."
"Germany Germany ( ), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Central and Western Europe, lying between the Baltic and North seas to the north, and the Alps to the south. It borders Denmark to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east, Austria and Switzerland to the south, and France, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands to the west. Germany includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With nearly 83 million inhabitants, it is the second most populous state of Europe after Russia, the"
"stopping at ""Köln Hauptbahnhof"" (Cologne Main Station), ""Köln Messe/Deutz"" and ""Cologne/Bonn Airport"". ICE and TGV Thalys high-speed trains link Cologne with Amsterdam, Brussels (in 1h47, 9 departures/day) and Paris (in 3h14, 6 departures/day). There are frequent ICE trains to other German cities, including Frankfurt am Main and Berlin. ICE Trains to London via the Channel Tunnel were planned for 2013. The Cologne Stadtbahn operated by Kölner Verkehrsbetriebe (KVB) is an extensive light rail system that is partially underground and serves Cologne and a number of neighbouring cities. It evolved from the tram system. Nearby Bonn is linked by both the"
"Roman city of Cologne and the lower and middle Rhineland in present-day North Rhine-Westphalia. Few historical details are known before the Rhineland kingdom eventually became an important part of the Merovingian Frankish empire in the sub-kingdom known as Austrasia, which also included the original Germanic speaking Salian region. Austrasia included not only the Rhineland-Palatinate, but apparently the whole of the Germania Inferior (re-named in the late Roman empire as Germania II) and Gallia Belgica II. The border between Austrasia and Neustria was the Silva Carbonaria in modern Wallonia, but the exact definition of this forest region is now unclear. On"
"Cologne Cathedral Cologne Cathedral (, officially ', English: Cathedral Church of Saint Peter) is a Catholic cathedral in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Cologne and of the administration of the Archdiocese of Cologne. It is a renowned monument of German Catholicism and Gothic architecture and was declared a World Heritage Site in 1996. It is Germany's most visited landmark, attracting an average of 20,000 people a day, and currently the tallest twin-spired church at tall. Construction of Cologne Cathedral began in 1248 but was halted in 1473, unfinished. Although work did not restart"
"European route E31 European route E 31 is an international Class-A road in Europe, part of the United Nations E-road network. It has a north-south reference. It runs from Rotterdam, Netherlands to Ludwigshafen, Germany. Firstly, it leaves Rotterdam, where it links to the E 19 and E 25 roads. It heads roughly east through the Netherlands, passing through Gorinchem (where it connects to the E 311), and Nijmegen before crossing the border into Germany. It passes first through Goch and Krefeld in North Rhine-Westphalia and heads southwards before entering Cologne, where it links with four other E-roads: the E 29,"
"Archbishop of Cologne The Archbishop of Cologne is an archbishop representing the Archdiocese of Cologne of the Catholic Church in western North Rhine-Westphalia and northern Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany and was ""ex officio"" one of the electors of the Holy Roman Empire, the Elector of Cologne, from 1356 to 1801. Since the early days of the Catholic Church, there have been ninety-four bishops and archbishops of Cologne. Seven of these ninety-four retired by resignation, including four resignations which were in response to impeachment. Eight of the bishops and archbishops were coadjutor bishops before they took office. Seven individuals were appointed as"
"the Western Netherlands"": ""Order: upstream to downstream"": Rhine The Rhine (, , , , , ) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea. The largest city on the Rhine is Cologne, Germany, with a population of more than 1,050,000 people. It is the second-longest river in Central and Western Europe (after the Danube), at about , with an average discharge of about"
"of age or older. 163 people in Cologne were over the age of 100. According to the Statistical Office of the City of Cologne, the number of people with a migrant background is at 36.7% (393,7936). 2,537 people acquired German citizenship in 2015. In 2015, there were 557,090 households, of which 18.3% had children under the age of 18; 50.6% of all households were made up of singles. 8.7% of all households were single-parent households. The average household size was 1.87. Cologne residents with a foreign citizenship as of 31 December 2015 is as follows: Colognian or Kölsch () (natively"
"signs or escutcheons). Among today's landmarks on Schildergasse are the Atoniterkirche, the oldest Protestant church in Cologne, and Peek & Cloppenburg's Weltstadthaus, designed by Renzo Piano. Schildergasse The Schildergasse (, ) is a shopping street in central Cologne, Germany. With 13,000 people passing through it every hour, it is the busiest shopping street in Europe, according to a 2008 survey by GfK. The Schildergasse is a designated pedestrian zone and stretches for about 500 meters from the Hohe Straße at its eastern end to the Neumarkt at the western end. The street dates back to Roman times, when it was"
"its sister cities since 1974. Since 1986 Villa Verde in Portugal is a sister city of Lohmar, Eppendorf in Saxony since 1990 and Żarów in Poland since 2007. Lohmar is served by ""Honrath"" railway station on the Cologne–Overath railway. A train to Cologne stops every 30 minutes. The trip to Cologne lasts about 30 minutes. a service runs in the other direction to Overath every 30 minutes. Lohmar is connected to the Bundesautobahn 3 with following exits: The Bundesautobahn 4 connects through exit The Cologne Bonn Airport is reachable within 25 minutes. Lohmar Lohmar is a town in the Rhein-Sieg"
"established in July 2015. The key areas of research expertise regarding the European Union include: Cologne Institute for Economic Research The German Economic Institute (German: Institut der deutschen Wirtschaft Köln e.V.) (IW) is a private economic research institute in Germany, which promotes a liberal economic and social order. The German Economic Institute is based in Cologne, Germany, with additional offices in Berlin, Germany, and Brussels, Belgium. The IW compiles analyses on economic and social policy issues. As a think tank, it combines research, consultancy and communication services. The research is based on empirical principles and sound scientific methodology. It stands"
"and forecasting systems, pumping stations and programmes to create or protect floodplains, and river embankments. The system was redesigned after a 1993 flood, which resulted in heavy damage. In the Roman Empire the city was large and rich with a population of 40,000 in 100–200 AD. The city was home to around 20,000 people in 1000 AD, growing to 50,000 in 1200 AD. The Rhineland metropolis still had 50,000 residents in 1300 AD. Cologne is the fourth-largest city in Germany after Berlin, Hamburg and Munich. As of 31 December 2016, there were 1,080,701 people registered as living in Cologne in"
"railway companies, which mostly had different stations before. Cologne also has Thalys train service to connect to cities in different countries such as Amsterdam, Brussels, and Paris. The Cologne Stadtbahn operates an extensive light rail and rapid transit system (partially underground) serving Cologne and some neighboring cities. Its name derives from the German term for Light Rail, Stadtbahn. It is operated by the ""Kölner Verkehrs-Betriebe"" (KVB) (Cologne Transit Company) and is part of the ""Rhine-Sieg Transit Association"". The rail system stretches across 192 kilometers with 11 lines. Two lines (16 and 18) link the system to the neighboring transport system"
"as the main Western Europe trade route, South – North Northern Italy-Flanders. These two trade routes were the basis of Cologne's growth. By 1300 the city population was 50,000-55,000. Cologne was a member of the Hanseatic League in 1475, when Frederick III confirmed the city's imperial immediacy. The economic structures of medieval and early modern Cologne were characterised by the city's status as a major harbour and transport hub on the Rhine. Craftsmanship was organised by self-administering guilds, some of which were exclusive to women. As a free city, Cologne was a sovereign state within the Holy Roman Empire and"
"to be the largest comedy festival in mainland Europe. Cologne hosts 1. FC Köln, who play in the 2. Bundesliga. They play their home matches in RheinEnergieStadion which also hosted 5 matches of the 2006 FIFA World Cup. The International Olympic Committee and Internationale Vereinigung Sport- und Freizeiteinrichtungen e.V. gave RheinEnergieStadion a bronze medal for ""being one of the best sporting venues in the world"". Cologne also hosts FC Viktoria Köln 1904 and SC Fortuna Köln, who play in the Regionalliga West (fourth division) respectively the 3. Liga (third division). The city is also home of the ice hockey team"
"court ruled against the further destruction of the forest for mining purposes. The ruling states, the court needs more time to reconsider the complaint. Angela Merkel, the chancellor of Germany, welcomed the court's ruling. The forest is located approximately 29 km km west of the city center of Cologne (specifically Cologne Cathedral). On 22 September 2016, the Dutch parliament voted for a 55% cut in emissions by 2030, a move which would require the closure of the country's five coal-fired power plants. The vote is not binding on the government however. In October 2018, the Sánchez government and Spanish Labour"
"has a number of large cities; the most populous are: Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, and Stuttgart. The largest conurbation is the Rhine-Ruhr region (12 million), including Düsseldorf (the capital of North Rhine-Westphalia), Cologne, Essen, Dortmund, Duisburg, and Bochum. Geography of Germany Germany is a country in west-central Europe, that stretches from the Alps, across the North European Plain to the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. Germany has the second largest population in Europe (after the European part of Russia) and is seventh largest in area. The territory of Germany covers , consisting of of land and of waters."
"Cologne Lowland <div align=""justify""> The Cologne Lowland, also called the Cologne Bay or, less commonly, the Cologne Bight (), is a densely populated area of Germany lying between the cities of Bonn, Aachen, and Düsseldorf/Neuss. It is situated in the southwest of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and forms the natural southern conclusion of the Lower Rhenish lowlands and the transition to the Rhenish Massif (""Rheinische Schiefergebirge"" or ""Rhenish Slate Mountains""). The Cologne Bight is surrounded by the High Fens and the Eifel to the west of the Rhine and by the uplands of Bergisches Land to the east of"
"connecting to the E 34, the E 41 and the E 341. It then heads south through North Rhine-Westphalia, reaching its final destination of Cologne, where it links to the E 29, the E 31, the E 35, and the E 40, enabling travel to France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, and even as far as Poland and Russia. Its total length is . European route E37 European route E 37 is a series of roads in Germany, that is part of the United Nations International E-road network. It runs from Bremen to Cologne (), both in Germany. The"
"leadership of the ruling Social Democrats. The Lord Mayor of Cologne is Henriette Reker. She received 52.66% of the vote at the municipal election on 17 October 2015 and was appointed on 15 December 2015. City Councillors are elected for a five-year term and the Mayor has a six-year term. The inner city of Cologne was completely destroyed during World War II. The reconstruction of the city followed the style of the 1950s, while respecting the old layout and naming of the streets. Thus, the city today is characterized by simple and modest post-war buildings, with a few interspersed pre-war"
"almost the entire city. With the intention of restoring as many historic buildings as possible, the successful postwar rebuilding has resulted in a very mixed and unique cityscape. Cologne is a major cultural centre for the Rhineland; it hosts more than 30 museums and hundreds of galleries. Exhibitions range from local ancient Roman archeological sites to contemporary graphics and sculpture. The Cologne Trade Fair hosts a number of trade shows such as Art Cologne, imm Cologne, Gamescom, and the Photokina. The first urban settlement on the grounds of modern-day Cologne was ""Oppidum Ubiorum"", founded in 38 BC by the Ubii,"
"given dates of office before Gunther are also conjectural, at best. Archbishop of Cologne The Archbishop of Cologne is an archbishop representing the Archdiocese of Cologne of the Catholic Church in western North Rhine-Westphalia and northern Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany and was ""ex officio"" one of the electors of the Holy Roman Empire, the Elector of Cologne, from 1356 to 1801. Since the early days of the Catholic Church, there have been ninety-four bishops and archbishops of Cologne. Seven of these ninety-four retired by resignation, including four resignations which were in response to impeachment. Eight of the bishops and archbishops were"
"European route E314 The European route E 314 is a road in Europe and a part of the United Nations International E-road network. Approximately long, it connects the Belgian university city of Leuven with Aachen, Charlemagne's capital during the early ninth century, and today a bustling commercial centre in Germany's North Rhine-Westphalia. For most of its length the E 314 is in Belgium where it tracks the A2. It then crosses briefly into Dutch Limburg, the most southerly province of The Netherlands before an even briefer stretch between the Dutch-German frontier and Aachen: the German section tracks the start of"
"European route E314 The European route E 314 is a road in Europe and a part of the United Nations International E-road network. Approximately long, it connects the Belgian university city of Leuven with Aachen, Charlemagne's capital during the early ninth century, and today a bustling commercial centre in Germany's North Rhine-Westphalia. For most of its length the E 314 is in Belgium where it tracks the A2. It then crosses briefly into Dutch Limburg, the most southerly province of The Netherlands before an even briefer stretch between the Dutch-German frontier and Aachen: the German section tracks the start of"
"Confederation of Cologne The Confederation of Cologne was a medieval military alliance against Denmark signed 1367 by cities of the Hanseatic League on their meeting called ""Hansetag"" in Cologne. The hanseatic cities at the southern coast of the Baltic sea had nearly lost the First Danish-Hanseatic War in the Battle of Helsingborg (1362) and made a peace with Denmark at Vordingborg (1365). Since this peace was not enforceable the cities of Lübeck, Rostock, Stralsund, Wismar, Kulm, Thorn, Elbing, Kampen, Harderwyk, Elburg, Amsterdam and Briel signed the ""confederatio"" for war against Danmark and Norway. So the confederation had as members some"
"Innenstadt, Cologne Innenstadt () is the central city district (""Stadtbezirk"") of the City of Cologne in Germany. The district was established with the last communal land reform in 1975, and comprises Cologne's historic old town (Altstadt), the Gründerzeit era new town (Neustadt) plus the right-Rhenish district of Deutz. Innenstadt has about 127,000 inhabitants (as of December 2008) and covers an area of 16.4 square kilometres. Innenstadt is made up of five ""Stadtteile"" (city parts): Among the landmarks in Innenstadt are Cologne Cathedral, the twelve romanesque churches of Cologne (St. Andreas, St. Aposteln, St. Cäcilien, St. Georg, St. Gereon, St. Kunibert,"
"Economic Community (Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and West Germany). The remaining states have acceded in subsequent enlargements. On 1 July 2013, Croatia became the newest member state of the EU. To accede, a state must fulfill the economic and political requirements known as the Copenhagen criteria, which require a candidate to have a democratic, free-market government together with the corresponding freedoms and institutions, and respect for the rule of law. Enlargement of the Union is also contingent upon the consent of all existing members and the candidate's adoption of the existing body of EU law, known as the"