"Cow–calf operations are widespread throughout beef-producing countries, and the goal of a cow–calf operation is to produce young beef cattle, which are usually sold. True to the name, farm and ranch herds consist mostly of adult female cows, their calves, and young females, called heifers, which will produce calves once of breeding age. Some operations may raise their steers until slaughter weight, others sell them as weaned calves. They may have a few herd bulls and utilize natural mating, but may have no bulls and rely primarily on artificial insemination. Cattle from a cow–calf operation may be sold after they"
"Maverick (animal) Maverick (or cleanskin) animals, usually cattle, are animals that do not carry a brand. In the period of the United States open range, such animals were relatively common. Many cows would give birth in wild or semi-wild conditions, not be located in an annual round up, and their ensuing calf could thus grow to maturity without having been captured and branded for ownership. The term ""maverick"" is from Samuel Maverick, who, among his other claims to fame, was notorious for not branding his cattle. Other U.S. terms for unbranded cattle include ""slick"", ""hairy dick"", and, in Spanish-speaking areas"
"Calf A calf (plural, calves) is the young of domestic cattle. Calves are reared to become adult cattle, or are slaughtered for their meat, called veal, and for their calfskin. The term ""calf"" is also used for some other species. See ""Other animals"" below. ""Calf"" is the term used from birth to weaning, when it becomes known as a ""weaner"" or ""weaner calf"", though in some areas the term ""calf"" may be used until the animal is a yearling. The birth of a calf is known as ""calving"". A calf that has lost its mother is an orphan calf, also"
"of animals with different nutritional needs. The segment of the adult herd that are in the resting period before giving birth to their next calf are called dry cows because they are not being milked. All female animals that have yet to give birth to their first calf are called heifers. They will grow up to take the place of older animals in the milking herd and thus are sometimes generally referred to as the replacement herd. Dairy cattle housing systems vary greatly throughout the world depending on the climate, dairy size, and feeding strategies. Housing must provide access to"
"Naked Neck The Naked Neck is a breed of chicken that is naturally devoid of feathers on its neck and vent. The breed is also called the Transylvanian Naked Neck, as well as the Turken. Originally from Transylvania and was largely developed in Germany. The name ""Turken"" arose from the mistaken idea that the bird was a hybrid of a chicken and the domestic turkey. Naked Necks are fairly common in Europe today, but are rare in North America and very common in South America. The trait for a naked neck is a dominant one controlled by one gene and"
"known as a ""poddy"" or ""poddy-calf"" in British English. ""Bobby calves"" are young calves which are to be slaughtered for human consumption. A ""vealer"" is a fat calf weighing less than about which is at about eight to nine months of age. A young female calf from birth until she has had a calf of her own is called a ""heifer"" (). In the American Old West, a motherless or small, runty calf was sometimes referred to as a ""dogie,"" (pronounced with a long ""o""). The term ""calf"" is also used for some other species. See ""Other animals"" below. Calves"
"term ""beef"" (plural ""beeves"") is still used in its archaic sense to refer to an animal of either sex. Cows of certain breeds that are kept for the milk they give are called ""dairy cows"" or ""milking cows"" (formerly ""milch cows""). Most young male offspring of dairy cows are sold for veal, and may be referred to as veal calves. The term ""dogies"" is used to describe orphaned calves in the context of ranch work in the American West, as in ""Keep them dogies moving"". In some places, a cow kept to provide milk for one family is called a"
"Polled livestock Polled livestock (animals) are livestock without horns in species which are normally horned. The term refers both to breeds or strains that are naturally polled through selective breeding and also to naturally horned animals that have been disbudded. Natural polling occurs in cattle, yaks, water buffalo, and goats, and in these animals it affects both sexes equally; in sheep, by contrast, both sexes may be horned, both polled, or only the females polled. The history of breeding polled livestock starts about 6000 years BCE. The archaic term or is sometimes used to refer to hornless livestock (especially cattle)"
"Polled Holsteins Polled Holsteins are cattle born without horns but only occur in a small portion of Holstein cattle. The Holstein breed can go through selective breeding to produce polled calves. Polled is a natural trait for Holsteins but have not been bred for specifically. That is why a very small percentage of Holsteins are naturally polled. Bulls and cows can both carry the polled trait and pass it on to the progeny. Previous testing for polledness were not completely accurate because it was not looking for the gene directly until later discovered. Polled, also known as ‘hornless’ can result"
"Mooncalf A mooncalf (or moon-calf, calvaluna) is a monstrous birth, the abortive fetus of a cow or other farm animal. The term was occasionally applied to an abortive human fetus. The term derives from the once widespread superstition, present in many European folk traditions, that such malformed creatures were the product of the sinister influence of the Moon on fetal development. The term came to also refer to any monstrous or grotesque thing. Shakespeare, for instance, used the term to describe Caliban, the deformed servant of Prospero, in ""The Tempest"". In H. G. Wells' 1901 novel ""The First Men in"
"Grady the Cow Grady the Cow (c. 1943 - July 24, 1961) became famous for being the cow stuck inside a storage silo on a farm in Yukon, Oklahoma in 1949. On February 22, 1949, Bill and Alyene Mach's six-year-old Hereford cow, Grady, gave birth to a stillborn calf in a small shed next to a silo. Since she was having trouble with the birth, Mach called a veterinarian, D.L. Crump, to help. Dr. Crump tied Grady to a post so she would hold still. When he was finished taking care of her, she was untied. She then whirled around"
"In addition to other bovid species (such as bison, yak and water buffalo), these include the young of camels, dolphins, elephants, giraffes, hippopotamuses, larger deer (such as moose, elk (wapiti) and red deer), rhinoceroses, porpoises, whales, walruses and larger seals. However, common domestic species tend to have their own specific names, such as foal and lamb. Calf A calf (plural, calves) is the young of domestic cattle. Calves are reared to become adult cattle, or are slaughtered for their meat, called veal, and for their calfskin. The term ""calf"" is also used for some other species. See ""Other animals"" below."
"large and round. Cows weigh and stand as little as tall at the shoulder; they are hornless, without a beard or nose markings. The head-and-body length is , to which the tail may add a further . Formerly four subspecies have been described, but recently only one to three subspecies have been accepted based on colour, number of stripes and horn length: This classification was supported by the genetic difference of one specimen of northern Kenya (""T. s. chora"") in comparison with several samples from the southern part of the range between Tanzania and Zimbabwe (""T. s. strepsiceros""). No specimen"
"condition as he spends little time grazing. Males are known to mount other males. The gestational period lasts for about 8.5 months, after which a single calf is born. Females in labour do not move away from the female herd and repeatedly lie down and get up again. Births normally take place in areas with short grass when the cow is in the lying position. She stands up immediately afterwards, which causes the umbilical cord to break, and vigorously licks the calf and chews on the afterbirth. In spite of regional variations, around 80% of the females give birth to"
"""willing"" (referring to the freemartin's willingness to work) or ""exempt from reproduction"" (referring to its sterility, or to a farmer's decision to not bother trying to breed a freemartin, or both), or that it may be derived from a Flemish word for a cow which gives no milk and/or has ceased to be capable of bearing offspring; ""martin"" is generally held to derive from an Irish or Gaelic word for ""cow"" or ""heifer"", although connections to Martinmas have also been posited. In most cattle twins, the blood vessels in the chorions become interconnected, creating a shared circulation for both twins."
"the breed, or in horned breeds on whether the horns have been disbudded (although in many breeds of sheep it is true that only the males have horns). Cattle that naturally do not have horns are referred to as polled, or muleys. Castrated male cattle are physically similar to females in build and horn shape, although if allowed to reach maturity they may be considerably taller than either bulls or cows, with heavily muscled shoulders (but not necks). <section begin=reproductive_anatomy /> Bulls become fertile at about seven months of age. Their fertility is closely related to the size of their"
"of cows, so the term is probably accurate even in the restrictive sense. Other than the few bulls needed for breeding, the vast majority of male cattle are castrated as calves and are used as oxen or slaughtered for meat before the age of three years. Thus, in a pastured herd, any calves or herd bulls usually are clearly distinguishable from the cows due to distinctively different sizes and clear anatomical differences. Merriam-Webster and Oxford Living Dictionaries recognize the sex-nonspecific use of ""cow"" as an alternate definition, whereas Collins and the OED do not. Colloquially, more general nonspecific terms may"
"months of age. This milk contains high amounts of fat which is meant to hasten the development of blubber; it contains so much fat, it has the consistency of toothpaste. Females deliver a single calf, with gestation lasting about a year, dependency until one to two years, and maturity around seven to 10 years, all varying between the species. This mode of reproduction produces few offspring, but increases the survival probability of each one. Females, referred to as ""cows"", carry the responsibility of childcare, as males, referred to as ""bulls"", play no part in raising calves. The head of the"
"for months or even years with little or no supervision. Their ancestors, the aurochs, were quite fierce, on par with the modern Cape buffalo. Modern cattle, especially those raised on open range, are generally more docile, but when threatened can display aggression. Cattle, particularly those raised for beef, are often allowed to roam quite freely and have established long term independence in Australia, New Zealand and several Pacific Islands along with small populations of semi-feral animals roaming the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Such cattle are variously called mavericks, scrubbers or cleanskins. Most free roaming cattle, however untamed, are"
"colour are both genetically dominant in cattle. The pied pattern of the Holstein-Friesian does not appear in the offspring. Cattle only produce milk after calving, and so every dairy cow must produce a calf every year. In dairy herds (which in the British Isles are almost all Holstein-Friesians), the best milking cows will normally be bred to a dairy bull, usually by artificial insemination (AI). The female purebred dairy calves from these matings will go on to become replacement dairy cows. Half of the purebred calves will, of course, be male – these are mostly not needed for breeding, and"
"and wrap it in albumen, membranes and a shell as it travels through the egg tube. This has occurred if, instead of a yolk, the egg contains a small particle of grayish tissue. This type of egg occurs in many varieties of fowl, including chickens (both standard and bantams), guineafowl, and Japanese (""Coturnix"") quail. Since they contain no yolk and therefore cannot hatch, these eggs were traditionally believed to be laid by cocks. This gave rise to the myth that when a cock's egg was hatched, it would produce a cockatrice, a fearsome serpent which could kill with its evil"
"Cock egg A cock egg, cock's egg, dwarf egg, or witch egg is a small usually yolkless egg. Such eggs are sometimes also called wind eggs, but this term more often refers to eggs without a shell or with a soft shell and less often to eggs that are rotten or unimpregnated. A cock egg is most often a pullet's first effort, produced before her laying mechanism is fully ready. In a mature hen, a wind egg is unlikely, but can occur if a bit of reproductive tissue breaks away, stimulating the egg-producing glands to treat it as a yolk"
"consume a diet of milk replacer for the first six to eight weeks and then move on to a mostly corn-based diet. ""Free-raised"" calves are raised on open pastures and receive a diet of milk, grass, and fresh water. Furthermore, free-raised calves do not receive antibiotics, which are often a focus of criticism among animal welfare organizations. Veal farmers have a priority to provide quality care to the calves that are raised on the farm. A farm veterinarian will create and provide a health program that will promote a healthy herd. Veal calves need proper amounts of water, adequate nutrition,"
"the like. Zebu, mostly miniature zebu, are kept as pets. ""B. t. indicus"" cows commonly have low production of milk. They do not produce milk until maturation later in their lives and do not produce much, giving it solely to their calves. When ""B. t. indicus"" is crossed with ""B. t. taurus,"" production generally increases. Genetic analysis has shown that the αS1 gene is most likely to have originated in ""B. t. indicus"". Zebu A zebu (; ""Bos primigenius indicus"" or ""Bos indicus"" or ""Bos taurus indicus""), sometimes known as indicine cattle or humped cattle, is a species or subspecies"
"cow be in lactation, which is a result of the cow having given birth to a calf. The cycle of insemination, pregnancy, parturition, and lactation is followed by a ""dry"" period of about two months before calving, which allows udder tissue to regenerate. A dry period that falls outside this time frames can result in decreased milk production in subsequent lactation. Dairy operations therefore include both the production of milk and the production of calves. Bull calves are either castrated and raised as steers for beef production or used for veal. Animal rights groups such as Mercy for Animals also"
"""house cow"". Other obsolete terms for cattle include ""neat"" (this use survives in ""neatsfoot oil"", extracted from the feet and legs of cattle), and ""beefing"" (young animal fit for slaughter). An onomatopoeic term for one of the most common sounds made by cattle is ""moo"" (also called ""lowing""). There are a number of other sounds made by cattle, including calves ""bawling"", and bulls ""bellowing"". Bawling is most common for cows after weaning of a calf. The bullroarer makes a sound similar to a bull's territorial call. Cattle are large quadrupedal ungulate mammals with cloven hooves. Most breeds have horns, which"
"Kalvdans Kalvdans (lit. 'calf dance') is a classical Scandinavian dessert. It is made from unpasteurized colostrum milk, the first milk produced by a cow after giving birth. Kalvdans has a long tradition in Swedish cuisine. It is mentioned in the encyclopedia ""Project af swensk grammatica"" from 1682. The encyclopedia mentions 'kalvost' (lit. calf-cheese) as an alternative name. The name kalvdans refers to the jiggly pudding-like consistency of the dessert. Swedish emigrants brought the tradition of kalvdans to North America, as well. It is however rarely consumed today, as very few families keep cows of their own. In preparing the dessert,"
"if she is well grown. Calves suffer from few congenital abnormalities but the Akabane virus is widely distributed in temperate to tropical regions of the world. The virus is a teratogenic pathogen which causes abortions, stillbirths, premature births and congenital abnormalities, but occurs only during some years. Calf meat for human consumption is called veal, and is usually produced from the male calves of Dairy cattle. Also eaten are calf's brains and calf liver. The hide is used to make calfskin, or tanned into leather and called calf leather, or sometimes in the US ""novillo"", the Spanish term. The fourth"
"compartment of the stomach of slaughtered milk-fed calves is the source of rennet. The intestine is used to make Goldbeater's skin, and is the source of Calf Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase (CIP). Dairy cows can only produce milk after having calved, and dairy cows need to produce one calf each year in order to remain in production. Female calves will become a replacement dairy cow. Male dairy calves are generally reared for beef or veal; relatively few are kept for breeding purposes. In English the term ""calf"" is used by extension for the young of various other large species of mammal."
"the suffix -kaval in the word kachkaval in the study, nor do the researchers mention the horse, the Latin term ""caballus"" or even the Italian term ""cavallo"" and instead refer to the seasonal movement of the semi nomadic Aromanians and their livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures (transhumance). In Bulgaria, kashkaval (written as ""кашкавал"" in Bulgarian) is made from cow's milk and is known as Kashkaval ""Vitosha"" while a variation made from ewe's milk is called Kashkaval ""Balkan"". Kashkaval ""Preslav"" is the name given to the cheese made from a mixture of both milks. Kashkaval is a traditional food"
"method of animal identification on cattle, though the law varies from state to state. In some cases, modern animals may be left unbranded for several reasons. This may include a desire not to have the animal marked due to its use as a show animal, particularly in the case of horses, or, in cattle, to avoid a scar on the hide if it is to be used for leatherworking. Some modern owners do not brand due to a reluctance to inflict pain on the animal. Maverick (animal) Maverick (or cleanskin) animals, usually cattle, are animals that do not carry a"
"Cow-calf In North American railroading, a cow-calf (also cow and calf) locomotive is a set of switcher-type diesel locomotives. The set usually is a pair; some 3-unit sets (with two calves) were built, but this was rare. A cow is equipped with a driving cab; a calf is not. The two are coupled together (either with regular couplers or a semi-permanent drawbar) and are connected with MU cables and brake lines so that both locomotive units can be operated from a single cab. Cows are analogous to A units and calves to B unit road locomotives. Both have prime movers."
"heifer calves being born polled. Polled Holsteins had been seen more regularly in countries such as Germany, Egypt and Great Britain before accumulating in the Americas. Polled Holsteins Polled Holsteins are cattle born without horns but only occur in a small portion of Holstein cattle. The Holstein breed can go through selective breeding to produce polled calves. Polled is a natural trait for Holsteins but have not been bred for specifically. That is why a very small percentage of Holsteins are naturally polled. Bulls and cows can both carry the polled trait and pass it on to the progeny. Previous"