"Seychelles life and became genuinely fond of the islands. He took home with him one of the popular local tunes, and incorporated it into the national anthem of his country. With new words, it later became the national anthem of Malaysia. Perhaps the most famous of the political prisoners was Archbishop Makarios, who arrived in 1956. He likewise fell in love with his prison. ""When our ship leaves harbour"", he wrote, ""we shall take with us many good and kindly memories of the Seychelles... may God bless them all."" The Republic of Seychelles, Réunion and Diego Garcia (British Indian Ocean"
"Makarios II of Cyprus Makarios II (1870 – June 28, 1950) was Archbishop of Cyprus from 1947 until 1950. He was born ""Michail Charalambous Papaioannou"" in the village of Prodromos in 1870. In 1895, he was ordained a deacon and left Cyprus for further education. He studied at the ""Great School of the Nation"" in Constantinople before entering the Halki seminary. In 1912, he enlisted in the Hellenic Army and served as chaplain during the Balkan Wars. On March 20, 1917, he was elected Bishop of Kyrenia. After the disturbances of October 1931, Makarios was exiled by the British administration."
"between India and Pakistan over Kashmir, assisted emigration from Britain to Australia, and relations with Archbishop Makarios of Cyprus. The last unexpectedly led to an enhanced cabinet role for Home. Makarios, leader of the militant anti-British and pro-Greek movement, was detained in exile in the Seychelles. Macmillan, with the agreement of Home and most of the cabinet, decided that this imprisonment was doing more harm than good to Britain's position in Cyprus, and ordered Makarios's release. Lord Salisbury strongly dissented from the decision and resigned from the cabinet in March 1957. Macmillan added Salisbury's responsibilities to Home's existing duties, making"
"the clerical name Makarios and returned to Cyprus. Like many public figures in the Greek Cypriot community in Cyprus, in the 1940s and 1950s he was an active supporter of enosis, the union of Cyprus with Greece. On 18 September 1950, Makarios, only 37 years old, was elected Archbishop of Cyprus. In this role he was not only the official head of the Orthodox Church in Cyprus, but became the Ethnarch, ""de facto"" national leader of the Greek Cypriot community. This highly influential position put Makarios at the centre of Cypriot politics. During the 1950s, Makarios embraced his dual role"
"members of the legislative assembly. As a consequence of this uprising, bishops Nikodemos of Kition, and Makarios of Kyrenia were exiled, and restrictions were imposed on the election of the Archbishop. As a result, the filling of the Archbishop's throne was pending from 1933 (the death of Archbishop Kyrillos III) to 1946, when the Bishop of Paphos, Leontios, was elected as the new Archbishop. In 1950, Makarios III was elected Archbishop. While still Bishop of Kition he had demonstrated strong intellectual and national activity. In 1949 he founded the Apostle Varnavas Seminary, and in 1950 he organised the referendum on"
"at Limassol from where he directed not only the military activities but also the political campaign, since Archbishop Makarios in March 1956 was exiled by the authorities. During the struggle, the British colonial administration had offered a reward of 10,000 British pounds plus passage to anywhere in the world for information leading to the arrest of Colonel Grivas. With the signing of the Zurich-London agreements in early 1959 and the declaration of Cyprus as an independent state Grivas reluctantly ordered cease-fire, since the struggle's main objective of Enosis was not achieved. His views were at odds with those of Makarios"
"instrumental in the establishment of many schools throughout rural Cyprus to combat illiteracy. In 1857 he founded the Faneromeni School, the first school for girls on the island. He also sought to have the tax burden eased by written requests to Kâmil Pasha the Grand Vizier in Constantinople who was himself a Cypriot. Makarios died in Nicosia on August 4, 1865 from cholera, after refusing to leave the city when an epidemic broke out. Makarios I of Cyprus Archbishop Makarios I (), was Archbishop of Cyprus from 1854 until 1865. He was born in the village of Prodromos and his"
"a deal on independence, and Makarios was invited to London in 1959 to fine-tune the plan. Makarios at first refused to accept the plan. The reversal of his pro-enosis stance, and his eventual agreement to sign the conditions for the independence of Cyprus, have been attributed to moral persuasion on behalf of the Greek and British governments. On March 1, 1959, the archbishop returned to Cyprus to an unprecedented reception in Nicosia, where almost two-thirds of the adult Greek Cypriot population turned out to welcome him. Presidential elections were held on 13 December 1959, in which Makarios defeated his rival,"
"submitted a petition to the United Nations requesting the application of the principle of self-determination to the people of Cyprus. After that, the colonial government of Cyprus enforced the anti-sedition laws for the purpose of preventing or suppressing demonstrations in favor of union with Greece; but the archbishop defied them and continued demanding self-determination for Cyprus. In October 1955, with the security situation deteriorating, the British governor, Sir John Harding, opened talks on the island's future. By this stage, Makarios had become closely identified with the insurgency, and talks broke up without any agreement in early 1956. Makarios, characterized in"
"Makarios (Tillyrides) Archbishop Makarios (born Andreas Tillyrides; Limassol, 1945) is a Cypriot hierarch in Africa, since 2001 Archbishop of Nairobi. Andreas Tillyrides was born in 1945 in Limassol, Cyprus. He studied from 1968 to 1972 at the St. Sergius Orthodox Theological Institute, while studying in the ""Collège de France"" and the ""École Pratique des Hautes Études"", afterwards pursuing post-graduation in Church History at Oxford University under Kallistos Ware, receiving a PhD in 1976. In the following year, under Archbishop Makarios III's orientation, Andreas went to Nairobi to organise an Orthodox seminary. In 1992, he was tonsured a monk under the"
"theology from Union Theological Seminary of Richmond, Virginia. Upon returning to India he was appointed a Professor of church history at the Orthodox Theological Seminary in Kottayam. He was elevated to bishop in 1975 and appointed the first Metropolitan Bishop of the new Bombay Diocese. Indian Christians who had settled in the United States applied for support for their religious efforts in the 1970s, and in 1979 Bishop Makarios moved to Staten Island, New York, in 1980 consecrating the first parish church of the new diocese, St. George Malankara Orthodox Church, in the New Dorp Beach section of Staten Island."
"years at a famous high school in Athens. A close friend of Georgi Rakovski, Ilarion Makariopolski took an active part in the Macedonian revolutionary society. Since 1844 he guided the Bulgarian church struggle from Constantinople together with Neofit Bozveli, and was exiled to Mount Athos between 1845 and 1850. On 3 April 1860, during Easter service in Constantinople, Ilarion intentionally did not mention the name of the Patriarch of Constantinople, which, according to the canon law, is an act of throwing off his authority. A decision of the Patriarchate sent Makariopolski back to Mount Athos into exile in 1861–1864 together"
"Archbishop Makarios and replaced him with Nikos Sampson. Makarios escaped an initial attempt to capture him at the Archbishiporic in Nicosia, and fled to Paphos. A naval patrol vessel, ""Leventis"" (pennant number 15) was quickly dispatched to Paphos to begin shelling a radio station there which was being operated by pro-Makarios elements. On 20 July 1974, Turkey invaded Cyprus in a surprise-attack, without issuing a declaration of war. A naval force of Turkish vessels was detected by coastal radar at Apostolos Andreas approaching the coast, and a second force of naval vessels was sighted off the coast of Kyrenia during"
"name Makarios and subsequently ordained a priest and consecrated first and last Bishop of Riruta by then Metropolitan Peter of Axum and Bishop Theodore of Uganda. He was made Archbishop of Zimbabwe in 1998 and, finally, Archbishop of Nairobi in 2001. Archbishop Makarios can speak, apart from his native Greek, English, French, Russian, Italian, plus several African dialects. Under his direction, the Orthodox Church has translated liturgical texts even to some dialects that had never been written before. Under his direction, the two first native bishops were consecrated: Athanasius (Akunda) of Kisumu and All Western Kenya on 2015 and Bishop"
"British government was reluctant to decolonise the island which had become their new headquarters for the Middle East. In 1955, a pro-enosis organization was formed under the banner of Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston (National Organization of Cypriot Struggle), or EOKA. This was a typical independence movement of the period. Makarios undoubtedly had common political ground with EOKA and was acquainted with its leader, the Greek soldier and politician George Grivas, but the extent of his involvement is unclear and disputed. In later life he categorically denied any involvement in the violent resistance undertaken by EOKA. On 20 August 1955, Greece"
"the island. Makarios was released from exile after a year, although he was still forbidden to return to Cyprus. He went instead to Athens, where he was rapturously received. Basing himself in the Greek capital, he continued to work for enosis. During the following two years he attended the General Assembly of the United Nations where the Cyprus question was discussed and worked hard to achieve union with Greece. Under the premiership of Constantine Karamanlis in Greece, the goal of enosis was gradually abandoned in favour of Cypriot independence. Negotiations in 1958 generated the Zurich Agreement as a basis for"
"This was followed by the consecration of an additional 74 parishes in the diocese by the bishop. From 1983 until his death, he was a visiting professor of religious studies at Alma College in Alma, Michigan. Bishop Makarios later headed the Diocese of the United Kingdom and Europe. While making an annual pastoral visit to parishes in England he was injured in a traffic accident on 5 January 2008, dying of his injuries seven weeks later. Thomas Mar Makarios Thomas Mar Makarios (born 26 May 1926 in India and died on 23 Feb 2008 in Newcastle, England) was the founder"
"He remained in Pangrati, Athens during World War II and returned to Cyprus on December 22, 1946. Makarios II was elected Archbishop of Cyprus, without an opponent, on December 24, 1947. He died on June 28, 1950 and was succeeded by Makarios III. Makarios II of Cyprus Makarios II (1870 – June 28, 1950) was Archbishop of Cyprus from 1947 until 1950. He was born ""Michail Charalambous Papaioannou"" in the village of Prodromos in 1870. In 1895, he was ordained a deacon and left Cyprus for further education. He studied at the ""Great School of the Nation"" in Constantinople before"
"of which he was the first President. In 1952 he was appointed Secretary of Archbishop Makarios in London and in 1954 he assumed responsibility for the Office of the Secretary of the Cyprus Ethnarchy in London, the major objective of which was to inform British public opinion on the Cyprus issue. This effort was intensified after the start of the liberation struggle in Cyprus in 1955. Due to this activity, he was forced to leave the UK in June 1956 and went to Greece. There, he collaborated with the Panhellenic Committee for Self-Determination for Cyprus which aimed to raise the"
"Greek and Turkish parts, thus keeping the British military presence and installations on the island intact. By this time a special Turkish Cypriot paramilitary organisation Turkish Resistance Organisation (TMT) was also established which was to act as a counterbalance to the Greek Cypriot ""enosis"" fighting organisation of EOKA. In 1950, Michael Mouskos, Bishop Makarios of Kition (Larnaca), was elevated to Archbishop Makarios III of Cyprus. In his inaugural speech, he vowed not to rest until union with ""mother Greece"" had been achieved. In Athens, ""enosis"" was a common topic of conversation, and a Cypriot native, Colonel George Grivas, was becoming"
"known for his strong views on the subject. In anticipation of an armed struggle to achieve ""enosis"", Grivas visited Cyprus in July 1951. He discussed his ideas with Makarios but was disappointed by the archbishop's contrasting opinion as he proposed a political struggle rather than an armed revolution against the British. From the beginning, and throughout their relationship, Grivas resented having to share leadership with the archbishop. Makarios, concerned about Grivas's extremism from their very first meeting, preferred to continue diplomatic efforts, particularly efforts to get the United Nations involved. The feelings of uneasiness that arose between them never dissipated."
"the most famous of the political prisoners was Archbishop Makarios from Cyprus, who arrived in 1956. He likewise fell in love with his prison. ""When our ship leaves harbour"", he wrote, ""we shall take with us many good and kindly memories of the Seychelles...may God bless them all."" World War I caused great hardship in the islands. Ships could not bring in essential goods, nor take away exports. Wages fell; prices soared by 150 percent. Many turned to crime and the prisons were bursting. Joining the Seychelles Labour Contingent, formed at the request of General Smuts, seemed to offer an"
"direct the activities of the 'EOKA-B' terrorist organization'. He also ordered that Greece remove some 600 Greek officers in the Cypriot National Guard from Cyprus. The Greek Government's immediate reply was to order the go-ahead of the coup. On 15 July 1974 sections of the Cypriot National Guard, led by its Greek officers, overthrew the government. Makarios narrowly escaped death in the attack. He fled the presidential palace from its back door and went to Paphos, where the British managed to retrieve him by Westland Whirlwind helicopter in the afternoon of 16 July and flew him from Akrotiri to Malta"
"a man named John. Despite the outrageousness of king Abraham's claims the synod acquiesced to his demands, but in response to a miraculous event Kyriakos was permitted to return to Makuria, where he settled in a monastery. Severus claims that for the remaining 24 years of the former bishop's life, no rain fell in Makuria, ""every year the people were visited by a pestilence, and that those who bore false witness against him were suddenly struck blind"". When he learned what had happened, the former king Zacharias deposed Abraham and exiled him to an island in the middle of the"
"Thomas Mar Makarios Thomas Mar Makarios (born 26 May 1926 in India and died on 23 Feb 2008 in Newcastle, England) was the founder of the diocese of the United States and Canada of the Malankara Orthodox Church. Makarios began his career as a school teacher in India, resigning this position to study theology. He was ordained a priest in 1952, and was appointed first vicar of the Malankara Orthodox Church in New Delhi. In 1963 he entered the United States to study for an advanced degree, receiving a Master's in religion from Virginia Theological Seminary, and a doctorate in"
"died a month earlier. For his days, thanks to the Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856, he managed to rise and sound the bell for the first time in the Turkish-occupied Nicosia, in the cathedral of St. John. He made sure that the religious duties of the clergy were guaranteed, while he was the first Archbishop to gain the right to participate in the general board of the island. He repaired the Archbishop's building (1862-1863), rebuilt the Grand Synod and completed the final picture of the Archbishop's building complex until the changes that took place in the past century. Makarios was"
"personally chose. The tomb is near Kykkos Monastery, where he served as a novice in the 1920s and 1930s. To commemorate his life, an imposing bronze statue of Makarios was erected outside the Archbishop's palace in Nicosia; in 2008 the statue was moved to Kykkos monastery and replaced by a life-size marble statue of Makarios. At his funeral, held at St. John's Cathedral outside the Archbishopric in Nicosia, 182 dignitaries from 52 countries attended while an estimated 250,000 mourners—about half the Greek Cypriot population of the island—filed past the coffin. Makarios III Makarios III (; born Michael Christodoulou Mouskos (Greek:"
"removal of Chagossians from the Chagos Archipelago occurred between 1968 and 1973. The Chagossians, then numbering about 2,000 people, were expelled by the British government to Mauritius and Seychelles to allow the United States to build a joint UK/US military base there. Today, the exiled Chagossians are still trying to return, arguing that the forced expulsion and dispossession was illegal. The islands are off-limits to Chagossians, casual tourists, and the media. Since the 1980s the government of Mauritius has sought to regain control over the Chagos Archipelago, which was separated from the British Colony of Mauritius by the UK in"
"efforts under Field Marshal Sir John Harding to suppress the independence movement. They were much more successful than is often recognised, though the attacks on British personnel never quite ceased. Makarios was exiled, suspected of involvement in the EOKA campaign, but was released when EOKA, exhausted but still determined to fight, agreed to cease hostilities on the Archbishop's release to return. From mid-1956 onwards there were constant discussions in NATO, but all efforts to create an independent Cyprus which would be a member of the Commonwealth of Nations were futile. The Turkish Cypriot response to the challenges posed by the"
"its two founding communities. Archbishop Makarios was elected as its first President. Makarios came to believe that unification of the island with Greece was not possible and pursued a policy of non-alignment. After a military coup in April 1967, a right-wing military junta seized power in Athens. The Greek juntists suspected Makarios for not being truly in favor of unification and prepared five plans to overthrow him between 1971 and 1974. Eventually, on 15 July 1974, a military coup d'état orchestrated by the Cypriot National Guard and the junta of Athens succeeded in deposing Makarios and replacing him with nationalist"
"School and then attended Southern Illinois University from 1968 to 1972. After graduating, he saw problems in the Roman Catholic Church; he stopped attending services and began to search for the truth, including in Buddhist and other eastern sources. In 1974, he moved to San Jose, California, and found out about Orthodox Christianity through a Greek man, discovering the Orthodox Church. He was baptised that year at the Greek Orthodox Church in Modesto, California, and given the name Makarios (or Macarius) in honor of Saint Macarius the Great. He started attending St. Nicholas Church, San Jose, before attending the Greek"
"Nectarios Kellis Nectarios Kellis was an Australian Greek Orthodox priest who embarked on a mission in Madagascar in the 1990s, and eventually became the Bishop of Madagascar. He got inspired by an appeal in a church magazine for missionaries to revive the Eastern Orthodox Church in Madagascar. There had been two Eastern Orthodox Churches in the country, mostly supported by Greek expatriates, but a military coup in 1972 had resulted in the expulsion of the clergy. Nectarios pleaded with his bishop (the Bishop of Adelaide) to let him go to Madagascar, but the bishop at first refused, saying that he"
"visited first Uganda, and later Kenya. Spartas, however, also made contact with Fr Nikodemos Sarikas, a missionary priest in Tanganyika, and through him made contact with the Greek Patriarch of Alexandria. In 1946 the African Orthodox groups in Kenya and Uganda were received into the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria. In the 1950s, however, the Orthodox Church in Kenya suffered severe oppression at the hands of the British colonial authorities during the Mau Mau Uprising. Most of the clergy were put in concentration camps, and churches and schools were closed. Only the Cathedral in Nairobi (which had a largely Greek"