"swamp drainage of the Magdalena River. Its karyotype has 2n = 64 and FN = 104. Lesser capybara The lesser capybara (""Hydrochoerus isthmius"") is a large semiaquatic rodent of the family Caviidae found in eastern Panama, northwestern Colombia and western Venezuela. It was recognized as a distinct subspecies of capybara in 1912, and was elevated to species status in 1991. It breeds year-round, with an average litter size of 3.5. Individuals may be diurnal or nocturnal and solitary or social depending on season, habitat and hunting pressure. This species is reported to be common in Panama but rare in Venezuela."
"They can be found in many areas in zoos and parks, and may live for 12 years in captivity. Capybaras are gentle and usually allow humans to pet and hand-feed them, but physical contact is normally discouraged, as their ticks can be vectors to Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The European Association of Zoos and Aquaria asked Drusillas Park in Alfriston, Sussex, England to keep the studbook for capybaras, to monitor captive populations in Europe. The studbook includes information about all births, deaths and movements of capybaras, as well as how they are related. Capybaras are farmed for meat and skins"
"individual was reported in São Paulo in 2001 or 2002. The dental formula is . Capybaras have slightly webbed feet and vestigial tails. Their hind legs are slightly longer than their forelegs; they have three toes on their rear feet and four toes on their front feet. Their muzzles are blunt, with nostrils, and the eyes and ears are near the top of their heads. Its karyotype has 2n = 66 and FN = 102. Capybaras are semiaquatic mammals found throughout almost all countries of South America except Chile. They live in densely forested areas near bodies of water, such"
"reported to develop gum disease as a sign of scurvy. They can have a lifespan of 8–10 years, but live less than four years in the wild, because they are ""a favourite food of jaguar, puma, ocelot, eagle, and caiman"". The capybara is also the preferred prey of the anaconda. Capybaras are known to be gregarious. While they sometimes live solitarily, they are more commonly found in groups of around 10–20 individuals, with two to four adult males, four to seven adult females, and the remainder juveniles. Capybara groups can consist of as many as 50 or 100 individuals during"
"as 100 individuals, but usually lives in groups of 10–20 individuals. The capybara is not a threatened species but it is hunted for its meat and hide and also for grease from its thick fatty skin, which is used in the pharmaceutical trade. Its common name is derived from Tupi ', a complex agglutination of ' (leaf) + ' (slender) + ' (eat) + """" (a suffix for agent nouns), meaning ""one who eats slender leaves"", or ""grass-eater"". Capybaras were called several times ""Cuartins"" in Colombia in 2018: in Eje Cafetero (Alcalà) and near Barranquilla where the meat was offered"
"as ""Cuartin Asado"". The scientific name, both ""hydrochoerus"" and ""hydrochaeris"", comes from Greek (' ""water"") and (' ""pig, hog""). The capybara and the lesser capybara belong to the subfamily Hydrochoerinae along with the rock cavies. The living capybaras and their extinct relatives were previously classified in their own family Hydrochoeridae. Since 2002, molecular phylogenetic studies have recognized a close relationship between ""Hydrochoerus"" and ""Kerodon"", the rock cavies, supporting placement of both genera in a subfamily of Caviidae. Paleontological classifications have yet to incorporate this new taxonomy and continue to use Hydrochoeridae for all capybaras, while using Hydrochoerinae for the living"
"as lakes, rivers, swamps, ponds, and marshes, as well as flooded savannah and along rivers in the tropical rainforest. Capybara have flourished in cattle ranches. They roam in home ranges averaging 10 hectares (25 acres) in high-density populations. Many escapees from captivity can also be found in similar watery habitats around the world. Sightings are fairly common in Florida, although a breeding population has not yet been confirmed. In 2011, one specimen was spotted on the Central Coast of California. Capybaras are herbivores, grazing mainly on grasses and aquatic plants, as well as fruit and tree bark. They are very"
"Hydrochoerus The genus Hydrochoerus contains two living and two extinct species of capybaras from South America, the Caribbean island of Grenada, and Panama. Capybaras are the largest living rodents in the world. The genus name is derived from the Greek ὕδωρ (""hýdor"", water) plus χοίρος (""choíros"", pig). Capybaras are semiaquatic, found in and near lakes, rivers, swamps, and flooded savanna. Their diets are dominated by grasses. Adults weigh up to . The gestation period is 130–150 days, with two to eight (most commonly four) young born to females. Capybaras are highly social, living in groups of up to 100 and"
"Neochoerus pinckneyi Neochoerus pinckneyi was a North American species of capybara. While capybaras originated in South America, formation of the Isthmus of Panama three million years ago allowed some of them to migrate north as part of the Great American Interchange. Capybaras and porcupines are the only caviomorph rodents that reached temperate North America during this exchange (a much greater diversity of North American rodents invaded South America). At 90 to 113 kg (200 to 250 pounds), 40% larger than the living capybara, ""N. pinckneyi"" is one of the largest rodent species ever discovered, surpassed only by the recently discovered"
"by a cow. As with other rodents, the front teeth of capybara grow continually to compensate for the constant wear from eating grasses; their cheek teeth also grow continuously. The hippopotamus is a large, semi-aquatic, mammal inhabiting rivers, lakes and mangrove swamps. During the day, they remain cool by staying in the water or mud; reproduction and childbirth both occur in water. They emerge at dusk to graze on grasses. While hippopotamuses rest near each other in the water, grazing is a solitary activity. Their incisors can be as long as 40 cm and the canines up to 50 cm,"
"Caviomorpha Caviomorpha is the rodent infraorder or parvorder that unites all New World hystricognaths. It is supported by both fossil and molecular evidence. The Caviomorpha was for a time considered to be a separate order outside the Rodentia, but is now accepted as a genuine part of the rodents. Caviomorphs include the extinct Heptaxodontidae (giant hutias) and extant families of chinchilla rats, hutias, guinea pigs and the capybara, chinchillas and viscachas, tuco-tucos, agoutis, pacas, pacaranas, spiny rats, New World porcupines, coypu and octodonts (Vassallo and Antenucci, 2015). The first known rodent fossils in South America are represented by the three"
"not consider them to be closely related. The order is subdivided into: Paucituberculata Paucituberculata is an order of South American marsupials. Currently represented only by shrew opossums, over the course of the Cenozoic it included a wide variety of mammal species, including the Glires-like argyrolagoideans. The fossil record goes back to the Late Paleocene (Itaboraian in the SALMA classification). It is one of two clades of Ameridelphia, a paraphyletic group; genetic studies have shown these animals to be a sister group to Australidelphia (i.e., Didelphimorphia branched off first). The strange Polydolopiformes have historically been considered part of the clade, which"
"size, considerably smaller than the capybara. The Neoepiblemidae, an entirely extinct family, may actually be part of the Dinomyidae; both groups are undoubtedly closely related. Dinomyidae The Dinomyidae are a family of South American hystricognath rodents: the dinomyids were once a very speciose group, but now contains only a single living species, the pacarana. Several of the extinct dinomyids were among the largest rodents known to date; these included the bison-sized ""Josephoartigasia monesi"" and the smaller ""Josephoartigasia magna"". The dinomyids are thought to have occupied ecological niches associated with large grazing mammals due to their ability to compete with the"
"in this species. Breeding peaks between April and May in Venezuela and between October and November in Mato Grosso, Brazil. Though quite agile on land (capable of running as fast as a horse), capybaras are equally at home in the water. They are excellent swimmers, and can remain completely submerged for up to five minutes, an ability they use to evade predators. Capybaras can sleep in water, keeping only their noses out of the water. As temperatures increase during the day, they wallow in water and then graze during the late afternoon and early evening. They also spend time wallowing"
"name """"capixaba"""" is from the Tupia language meaning ""a native of the state of Espírito Santo."" It is similar in appearance to ""Lichonycteris"" and ""Choeroniscus"" species. It is a small member of Glossophaginae, with a forearm length of . It has a triangular nose-leaf. Its tail is short at about . It has a dental formula of for a total of 30 teeth. It is nectarivorous. It is currently only known from Brazil. It has been documented at elevations of and above sea level. Dryadonycteris capixaba Dryadonycteris capixaba is a species of leaf-nosed bat found in South America. It is"
"modern capybara weighing up to 700 kilograms (1540 lb), the primate ""Stirtonia"", and river dolphins were all present, and would probably all have been eaten by ""Purrussaurus"". River, floodplain, and lake environments were present. Marine and freshwater fish, turtles, crocodilians, and terrestrial and aquatic mammals are associated with Venezuelan ""P. mirandai"". Its environment is described as tropical and coastal. The earlier Colombian ""P. neivensis"" lived alongside a massive variety of fauna, including astrapotheres like ""Granastrapotherium"" and ""Xenastrapotherium"", the early species of ""Mourasuchus"" and ""Gryposuchus"", and the terrestrial crocodyliform ""Langstonia"". This fauna dates from 13 million years ago, in the Laventan"
"agoutis, coatis, and capybaras. Larger specimens can virtually take any South American terrestrial or riparian vertebrate unfortunate enough to encounter them. Large prey can include other species of caiman, deer, peccaries, tapirs, anacondas, giant otters, and domestic animals including pigs, cattle, horses and dogs. Although rare fatal attacks on cougars or even jaguars have been reported, very little evidence exists of such predation, and cats are likely to avoid ponds with black caimans, suggesting that adults of this species are higher in the food chain than even the jaguar. Where capybara and white-lipped peccary herds are common, they are reportedly"
"Paucituberculata Paucituberculata is an order of South American marsupials. Currently represented only by shrew opossums, over the course of the Cenozoic it included a wide variety of mammal species, including the Glires-like argyrolagoideans. The fossil record goes back to the Late Paleocene (Itaboraian in the SALMA classification). It is one of two clades of Ameridelphia, a paraphyletic group; genetic studies have shown these animals to be a sister group to Australidelphia (i.e., Didelphimorphia branched off first). The strange Polydolopiformes have historically been considered part of the clade, which would extend its range to the Paleocene. However, most modern researchers do"
"the genus ""Capra"" are bovids (members of the family Bovidae), and more specifically caprids (subfamily Caprinae). As such they are ruminants, meaning they chew the cud, and have four-chambered stomachs which play a vital role in digesting, regurgitating, and redigesting their food. The genus has sometimes been taken to include ""Ovis"" (sheep) and ""Ammotragus"" (Barbary sheep), but these are usually regarded as distinct genera, leaving ""Capra"" for goats and ibexes. In this smaller genus, some authors have recognized only two species, the markhor on one side and all other forms included in one species on the other side. Today, nine"
"Caviidae Caviidae, the cavy family, is composed of rodents native to South America and includes the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the largest living rodent, the capybara. They are found across South America in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert. This family of rodents has fewer members than most other rodent families, with 19 species in 6 genera in 3 subfamilies. With the exception of the maras, which have a more rabbit-like appearance, caviids have short, heavy bodies and large heads. Most have no visible tails. They range in size from the smaller cavies"
"Cape Verde shearwater The Cape Verde shearwater (""Calonectris edwardsii""), or cagarra locally, is a medium-large shearwater, a seabird in the petrel family Procellariidae. It is endemic to the Cape Verde archipelago of Macaronesia in the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of West Africa. The Cape Verde shearwater was originally described in 1883 by Émile Oustalet as a full species. It was later lumped as a subspecies of Cory's shearwater but has since been separated again, by Cornelis Hazevoet in 1995, as a distinct species. The Cape Verde shearwater has a slim, dark bill, with head and upperparts darker than Cory's."
"males, and juveniles. The family Caviidae is a sister group to the family Dasyproctidae, both of which are members of the superfamily Cavioidea. Fossils caviids first appeared during the middle of the Miocene epoch in South America. Family Caviidae Caviidae Caviidae, the cavy family, is composed of rodents native to South America and includes the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the largest living rodent, the capybara. They are found across South America in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert. This family of rodents has fewer members than most other rodent families, with 19 species"
"Cape long-billed lark The Cape long-billed lark (""Certhilauda curvirostris""), also known as the Cape lark, Cape longbill or long-billed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in south-western Africa. Its natural habitats are semi-arid Karoo shrub and subtropical dry shrubland and subtropical or dry lowland and highveld grassland. This lark is also found in croplands, farmlands and coastal fynbos. The Cape long-billed lark was originally placed in the genus ""Alauda"" (as ""A. curvirostris""). Two subspecies are recognized: Additionally, some authorities consider several other species to be either presently or formerly as subspecies of the"
"Cape vulture The Cape griffon or Cape vulture (""Gyps coprotheres""), also known as Kolbe's vulture, is an Old World vulture in the family Accipitridae. It is endemic to southern Africa, and is found mainly in South Africa, Lesotho, Botswana and in some parts of northern Namibia. It nests on cliffs and lays one egg per year. Since 2015, it has been classified as Endangered. This large vulture is of a creamy-buff colour, with contrasting dark flight- and tail-feathers. The adult is paler than the juvenile, and its underwing coverts can appear almost white at a distance. The head and neck"
"in mud. They rest around midnight and then continue to graze before dawn. Capybaras are not considered a threatened species; their population is stable throughout most of their South American range, though in some areas hunting has reduced their numbers. Capybaras are hunted for their meat and pelts in some areas, and otherwise killed by humans who see their grazing as competition for livestock. In some areas, they are farmed, which has the effect of ensuring the wetland habitats are protected. Their survival is aided by their ability to breed rapidly. Capybaras have adapted well to urbanization in South America."
"Fauna of Uruguay The fauna of Uruguay is a part of the wildlife of Uruguay. It is characteristic of the Uruguayan savanna. Grazing mammals include the Pampas deer ""(Ozotoceros bezoarticus)"", the gray brocket or Guazuvirá deer ""(Mazama gouazoubira)"", and the capybara ""(Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)"", the world's largest living rodent. Uruguay is home to a rich avifauna, including the Southern lapwing and the magnificent black-necked swan. As a result, birdwatching has become popular in selected locations. There are several snakes, with four venomous species: the rattlesnake ""(Crotalus durissus terrificus)"", coral snake ""(Micrurus altirostris)"", yarará ""(Bothrops pubescens)"", and crossed pit viper ""(Bothrops alternatus)""."
"species only by three species of elephants), the Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates, including horses, tapirs and rhinoceroses), the Suina (pigs and peccaries), the Hippopotamidae, and the Hyracoidea (hyraxes). Cuvier himself defined Pachydermata as ""animals with hoofs, nonruminants"", whereas Storr had described it as ""mammals with hoofs with more than two toes"". Cuvier added horses to the order. One naturalist, Delabere Pritchett Blaine, has speculated that: Although the former order of Pachydermata is often described as an artificial grouping of unrelated mammals, it was recognised by notable zoologists, including Charles Darwin, as a grade of hoofed mammals to the exception of other"
"Capra (genus) Capra is a genus of mammals, the goats, composed of up to nine species, including the wild goat, the markhor, and several species known as ibex. The domestic goat (""Capra aegagrus hircus"") is a domesticated subspecies of the wild goat (""Capra aegagrus""). Evidence of goat domestication dates back more than 8,500 years. Wild goats are animals of mountain habitats. They are very agile and hardy, able to climb on bare rock and survive on sparse vegetation. They can be distinguished from the genus ""Ovis"", which includes sheep, by the presence of scent glands close to the feet, in"
"Cape long-billed lark: Cape long-billed lark The Cape long-billed lark (""Certhilauda curvirostris""), also known as the Cape lark, Cape longbill or long-billed lark is a species of lark in the family Alaudidae. It is found in south-western Africa. Its natural habitats are semi-arid Karoo shrub and subtropical dry shrubland and subtropical or dry lowland and highveld grassland. This lark is also found in croplands, farmlands and coastal fynbos. The Cape long-billed lark was originally placed in the genus ""Alauda"" (as ""A. curvirostris""). Two subspecies are recognized: Additionally, some authorities consider several other species to be either presently or formerly as"
"reddish-brown fur on the upper part of its body that turns yellowish-brown underneath. Its sweat glands can be found in the surface of the hairy portions of its skin, an unusual trait among rodents. The animal lacks down hair, and its guard hair differs little from over hair. Adult capybaras grow to in length, stand tall at the withers, and typically weigh , with an average in the Venezuelan llanos of . Females are slightly heavier than males. The top recorded weights are for a wild female from Brazil and for a wild male from Uruguay. Also an 81 kg"
"Caniformia Caniformia, or Canoidea (literally """"dog-like""""), is a suborder within the order Carnivora. They typically possess a long snout and nonretractile claws (in contrast to the cat-like carnivorans, the Feliformia). The Pinnipedia (seals, walruses and sea lions) are also assigned to this group. The center of diversification for Caniformia is North America and northern Eurasia. This contrasts with the feliforms, the center of diversification of which was in Africa and southern Asia. Most members of this group have nonretractile claws (the fisher, marten, red panda, and ringtail have retractile or semiretractile claws) and tend to be plantigrade (with the exception"
"from among them. Carnivora are generally divided into the suborders Feliformia (cat-like) and Caniformia (dog-like), the latter of which includes the pinnipeds. The pinnipeds are part of a clade, known as the Arctoidea, which also includes the Ursidae (bears) and the superfamily Musteloidea. The Musteloidea in turn consists of the Mustelidae (mustelids: weasels), Procyonidae (procyonids: raccoons), Mephitidae (skunks) and ""Ailurus"" (red panda). The oldest caniforms are the ""Miacis"" species ""Miacis cognitus"", the Amphicyonidae (bear-dogs) such as ""Daphoenus"", and ""Hesperocyon"" (of the family Canidae, subfamily Hesperocyoninae). Hesperocyonine canids first appeared in North America, and the earliest species is currently dated at"
"using a form of hindgut fermentation. They pass two distinct types of feces: hard droppings and soft black viscous pellets, the latter of which are known as caecotrophs and are immediately eaten (""coprophagy""). Rabbits reingest their own droppings (rather than chewing the cud as do cows and many other grazer) to digest their food further and extract sufficient nutrients. Capybara (""Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris"") are herbivores that graze mainly on grasses and aquatic plants, as well as fruit and tree bark. As with other grazers, they can be very selective and feed on the leaves of one species, disregarding other species surrounding"