"The Blue Bird (fairy tale) ""The Blue Bird"" is a French literary fairy tale by Madame d'Aulnoy, published in 1697. An English translation was included in ""The Green Fairy Book"", 1892, collected by Andrew Lang. The tale is Aarne–Thompson type 432, The Prince as Bird. Others of this type include ""The Feather of Finist the Falcon"", ""The Green Knight"", and ""The Greenish Bird"". After a wealthy king loses his dear wife, he meets and falls in love with a woman, who is also recently widowed and they marry. The king has a daughter named Florine and the queen also has"
"Maurin Quina Maurin Quina is a French apéritif advertisement painted by Leonetto Cappiello in 1906. It is perhaps Cappiello's most famous poster. The image features a devilish figure sneakily de-corking the bottle; Cappiello used ""infernal imagery"" in several of his posters for alcohol. The green devil in particular evokes ""la fée verte"" (the green fairy), the nickname for absinthe, a drink popular during the Belle Époque. The product was banned by the French government shortly after it was released. This poster, however, is an advertisement for an alcoholic beverage that went out of production in 1906. Maurin is the brand"
"Absinthe Absinthe (; ) is historically described as a distilled, highly alcoholic beverage (45–74% ABV / 90–148 U.S. proof). It is an anise-flavoured spirit derived from botanicals, including the flowers and leaves of ""Artemisia absinthium"" (""grand wormwood""), together with green anise, sweet fennel, and other medicinal and culinary herbs. Absinthe traditionally has a natural green colour, but may also be colourless. It is commonly referred to in historical literature as """""""" (the green fairy). It is sometimes mistakenly referred to as a liqueur, but it is not traditionally bottled with added sugar and is, therefore, classified as a spirit. Absinthe"
"a second distillery in Pontarlier, France under the company name Maison Pernod Fils. Pernod Fils remained one of the most popular brands of absinthe until the drink was banned in France in 1914. Absinthe's popularity grew steadily through the 1840s, when it was given to French troops as a malaria preventive, and the troops brought home their taste for it. Absinthe became so popular in bars, bistros, cafés, and cabarets by the 1860s that the hour of 5 p.m. was called ""l'heure verte"" (""the green hour""). It was favoured by all social classes, from the wealthy bourgeoisie to poor artists"
"1860s, the 5 p.m. happy hour was called l'heure verte (""the green hour""). By 1910, the French were drinking 36 million liters of absinthe per year, as compared to their annual consumption of almost 5 billion liters of wine. As a result, the winemakers association, among other groups, began a campaign of misinformation that tied consuming absinthe to claims of insanity, criminal activity and hallucinations – all designed to discourage consumption. These claims were aided by the fact that unlike Cognac, champagne, etc., there was no law that defined absinthe – nothing to regulate the production and quality. In 1912,"
"in Switzerland shortly after the murders. The petition received 82,000 signatures and absinthe was banned in Vaud shortly thereafter. A 1908 constitutional referendum led to absinthe being banned in all of Switzerland, and absinthe was banned in most European countries (and the United States) before the outbreak of World War I. During lunch on August 28, 1905, Lanfray consumed seven glasses of wine, six glasses of cognac, one coffee laced with brandy, two crème de menthes, and two glasses of absinthe after eating a sandwich . He returned home drunk with his father, and drank another coffee with brandy. He"
"likely first thought of as medicinal elixirs. Liquor consumption rose dramatically in Europe in and after the mid-14th century, when distilled liquors were commonly used as remedies for the Black Death. Around 1400, methods to distill spirits from wheat, barley, and rye beers, a cheaper option than grapes, were discovered. Thus began the ""national"" drinks of Europe: ""jenever"" (Belgium and the Netherlands), gin (England), ""Schnaps"" (Germany), ""grappa"" (Italy), ""borovička"" (Slovakia), ""horilka"" (Ukraine), ""akvavit""/""snaps"" (Scandinavia), ""vodka"" (Poland and Russia), ""ouzo"" (Greece), ""rakia"" (the Balkans), and ""poitín"" (Ireland). The actual names emerged only in the 16th century, but the drinks were well"
"Green (misspelled as ""Nearis"" in the 1880 census)—one of Call's slaves. Daniel never married and did not have children. However, he took his nephews under his wing, one of whom was Lemuel ""Lem"" Motlow. Motlow, a son of Jack's sister, Finetta, was skilled with numbers and was soon doing all of the distillery's bookkeeping. In 1907, due to failing health, Daniel gave the distillery over to Motlow and another one of his nephews. Motlow soon bought the other out and went on to operate the distillery for about 40 years (interrupted between 1942 and 1946 when the U.S. government banned"
"lifted in 1922 and spirits in 1935, but beer remained prohibited until 1989 (cirumvented by mixing light beer and spirits). In 1916, Norway prohibited distilled beverages, and in 1917 the prohibition was extended to also include fortified wine and beer. The wine and beer ban was lifted in 1923, and in 1927 the ban of distilled beverages was also lifted. In 1919, Finland enacted prohibition, as one of the first acts after independence from the Russian Empire. Four previous attempts to institute prohibition in the early 20th century had failed due to opposition from the tsar. After a development similar"
"absinthe underground. Clandestine home distillers produced colourless absinthe (""la Bleue""), which was easier to conceal from the authorities. Many countries never banned absinthe, notably Britain, where it had never been as popular as in continental Europe. British importer BBH Spirits began to import Hill's Absinth from Czechia in the 1990s, as the UK had never formally banned it, and this sparked a modern resurgence in its popularity. It began to reappear during a revival in the 1990s in countries where it was never banned. Forms of absinthe available during that time consisted almost exclusively of Czech, Spanish, and Portuguese brands"
"and Spain) as well as the United States. Jean Lanfray Jean Lanfray (1873/74 – February 26, 1906), a laborer who was French by birth but living in Switzerland was convicted of murdering his pregnant wife and two children in a drunken rage on the afternoon of August 28, 1905, in Commugny, Switzerland. It was later revealed by police that he had drunk an excessive amount of wine and hard liquors that morning, along with two ounces of absinthe. However, due to the moral panic against absinthe in Europe at that time, his murders were blamed solely on the influence of"
"Free State. The Netherlands banned it in 1909, Switzerland in 1910, the United States in 1912, and France in 1914. The prohibition of absinthe in France would eventually lead to the popularity of pastis, and to a lesser extent, ouzo, and other anise-flavoured spirits that do not contain wormwood. Following the conclusion of the First World War, production of the Pernod Fils brand was resumed at the Banus distillery in Catalonia, Spain (where absinthe was still legal), but gradually declining sales saw the cessation of production in the 1960s. In Switzerland, the ban served only to drive the production of"
"of 1975 prohibiting all advertising of alcoholic beverages of abv above 2.5%, the products receive little exposure despite a few favourable press reviews. Ciders of low alcohol levels are widely available, mostly brands imported from Sweden; carbonated soft drinks with no alcoholic content may also be marketed as ""cider"". Cider was once very popular in Northern Portugal where its production was larger than wine production until the 11th century, but nowadays, its popularity has decreased and it is only consumed in the coasts of Minho, Âncora e Lima, where it is used as a refreshment for thirst. In some festivities,"
"to create the green colour. Additionally, at least some cheap absinthes produced before the ban were reportedly adulterated with poisonous antimony trichloride, reputed to enhance the louching effect. Absinthe may also be naturally coloured pink or red using rose or hibiscus flowers. This was referred to as a ""rose"" (pink) or ""rouge"" (red) absinthe. Only one historical brand of rose absinthe has been documented. Absinthe was historically bottled at 45-74% percent ABV. Some modern Franco–Suisse absinthes are bottled at up to 83.2% ABV, while some modern, cold-mixed bohemian-style absinthes are bottled at up to 89.9% ABV. The modern day interest"
"Hapsburg Absinthe Hapsburg is a brand of absinthe containing the herb wormwood (""Artemisia absinthium""). Hapsburg Absinthe manufactures five different types of Absinthe: Hapsburg Classic which is a 72.5%, X.C. has an alcohol content of 89.9%, Flavoured Absinthe ideally made for shooters at 33%, A Rich Irish Cream Absinthe, and La Magnifique, a hand made Verte Absinthe. Hapsburg Absinthe was established in 1999. The popularity of Absinthe really began to take off in the 1990s when the Czech Republic was opened to tourism. The Green Fairy was still a popular drink in the Czech Republic and many tourists would have their"
"water, barley, and hops. In 1906 the made its way to all-German law, and remained a law in Germany until the EU partly struck it down in 1987 as incompatible with the European common market. German breweries, however, cling to the principle, and Bavarian breweries still comply with it in order to distinguish their beer brands. Bavarians are also known as some of the world's most beer-loving people with an average annual consumption of 170 litres per person, although figures have been declining in recent years. Bavaria is also home to the Franconia wine region, which is situated along the"
"the ""Goddess with green eyes,"" and was usually drunk with a small amount of sugar on the edge of the glass. The hour of 5 p.m. was called ""l'heure verte"" (""the green hour""), when the drinking usually began, and it continued until late at night. Before the Second Empire, smoking had usually been limited to certain rooms or salons of restaurants or private homes, but during the Empire, it became popular to smoke on all occasions and in every location, from salons to the dining rooms of restaurants. Cigars imported from Havana were smoked by the Parisian upper class. To"
"to the one in the United States during its prohibition, with large-scale smuggling and increasing violence and crime rates, public opinion turned against the prohibition, and after a national referendum where 70% voted for a repeal of the law, prohibition was ended in early 1932. Today, all Nordic countries (with the exception of Denmark) continue to have strict controls on the sale of alcohol which is highly taxed (dutied) to the public. There are government monopolies in place for selling spirits, wine, and stronger beers in Norway (Vinmonopolet), Finland (Alko), Sweden (Systembolaget), Iceland (Vínbúðin), and the Faroe Islands (Rúsdrekkasøla Landsins)."
"but repealed it in 1932 after an upsurge in violent crime associated with criminal opportunism and the illegal liquor trade. Iceland introduced prohibition in 1915, but liberalized consumption of spirits in 1933, although beer was still illegal until 1989. In the 1910s, half of the countries in the world had introduced some form of alcohol control in their laws or policies. The temperance movement started to wane in the 1930s, with prohibition being criticised as creating unhealthy drinking habits, encouraging criminals and discouraging economic activity. Prohibition would not last long: the legislative tide largely moved away from prohibition when the"
"""Candy,"" ""Rum, Gin, Whiskey,"" ""Sugar Plums,"" ""Indolence,"" ""White Women,"" ""Apathy,"" ""White Sugar,"" ""Idleness,"" and so on. On June 5, 1873, Sir Francis Galton, distinguished English explorer and cousin of Charles Darwin, wrote in a letter to ""The Times"": The Nazi party, which seized power in the 1933 German elections and maintained a dictatorship over much of Europe until the End of World War II on the European continent, deemed the Germans to be part of an Aryan ""master race"" (""Herrenvolk""), who therefore had the right to expand their territory and enslave or kill members of other races deemed inferior. The"
"is called házipálinka (""pálinka"" is a spirit, ""házi"" means 'homemade'). It is mostly made in rural areas where the ingredients, usually fruit, are readily available. In modern times, home destillation was illegal (since medieval time, it was a privilege of the nobility), as it constituted a tax fraud if not carried out at a licensed distillery, however it was, and is quite widespread. Since 2010, it is legal to produce small portions (up to 86 liters 42% ABV per year per person) házipálinka for personal use (ie. to be consumed by ""the distiller, their family and guests"") for a small,"
"lemon, proved to be a big hit while the other two (bitter orange and bitter soda) were quickly discarded. Another hugely successful soft drink launched under the Royal Club brand name was shandy (1976). This product was aimed at responsible drivers who wished to abstain from drinking beer but fancied something with a beerlike taste. At that time alcoholfree beers were hardly available in the Netherlands. In the late 1970s Royal Club Shandy was also a favourite drink among kids who were not yet allowed to drink beer. Royal Club Shandy is still being produced today, though it now has"
"illegally sells alcoholic beverages. Such establishments came into prominence in the United States during the Prohibition era of 1920 to 1933. During that time, the sale, manufacture, and transportation (bootlegging) of alcoholic beverages was illegal throughout the United States. When John Allen understands the true nature of Shirley Day, he says ""I should throw you out"". Shirley Day responds mockingly ""Then the goose would stop laying the golden egg"", as she was the only one bringing money into the house. That is a reference to one of Aesops fables The goose that laid the golden eggs, an idiom used of"
"modified after a national referendum in 1935 came out in favour of legalising spirits. Strong beer (with an alcohol content of more than 2.25% ), however, was not included in the 1935 vote in order to please the temperance lobby—which argued that beer would lead to more depravity, because it was cheaper than spirits. As international travel brought Icelanders back in touch with beer, bills to legalise it were regularly moved in the Icelandic parliament, but inevitably were shot down on technical grounds. Prohibition lost more support in 1985, when the Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs (himself a teetotaler)"
"was not a secret but well known. At the death of the pharmacist, his heirs returned the manuscript to the monks who had been back at the Monastery since 1816. In 1838, they developed Yellow Chartreuse, a sweeter version of the Green Chartreuse, 40% alcohol liqueur (80° proof). The monks were again expelled from the monastery following a French law in 1903, and their real property, including the distillery, was confiscated by the government. The monks took their secret recipe to their refuge in Tarragona, Catalonia, and began producing their liqueurs with the same label, but with an additional label"
"it to be the blood of those who had once battled against the gods"". The Greek cult and mysteries of Dionysus, carried on by the Romans in their Bacchanalia, were the origins of western theater. Judaism incorporates it in the Kiddush and Christianity in its Eucharist, while alcohol consumption was forbidden in Islam. Spirits are distilled beverages that contain no added sugar and have at least 20% alcohol by volume (ABV). Popular spirits include borovička, brandy, gin, rum, slivovitz, tequila, vodka, and whisky. Brandy is a spirit created by distilling wine, whilst vodka may be distilled from any starch- or"
"yeast."""" However, by the 16th century, ""ale"" had come to refer to any strong beer, and all ales and beers were hopped, giving rise to the verse noted by the antiquary John Aubrey: Greeks, Heresie, Turkey-cocks and Beer<br> Came into England all in a year. the year, according to Aubrey, being the fifteenth of Henry VIII (1524). In 1516, William IV, Duke of Bavaria, adopted the ""Reinheitsgebot"" (purity law), perhaps the oldest food regulation still in use through the 20th century (the Reinheitsgebot passed formally from German law in 1987). The ""Gebot"" ordered that the ingredients of beer be restricted"
"prohibitions exist. The government-owned chain of liquor stores (Alko) is the only outlet that may sell alcoholic beverages containing over 5.5% ABV, although national law bans the sale of alcoholic beverages containing over 60% ABV. Despite adopting sweeping EU food and beverage regulations in 1988 that effectively re-legalised absinthe, a decree was passed that same year that preserved the prohibition on products explicitly labelled as ""absinthe"", while placing strict limits on fenchone (fennel) and pinocamphone (hyssop) in an obvious, but failed, attempt to thwart a possible return of absinthe-like products. French producers circumvented this regulatory obstacle by labelling absinthe as"
"and more: the categories are not closed. In the most famous case ""Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopol für Branntwein"", the Court of Justice found that a German law requiring all spirits and liqueurs (not just imported ones) to have a minimum alcohol content of 25 per cent was contrary to TFEU article 34, because it had a greater negative effect on imports. German liqueurs were over 25 per cent alcohol, but Cassis de Dijon, which Rewe-Zentrale AG wished to import from France, only had 15 to 20 per cent alcohol. The Court of Justice rejected the German government's arguments that the"
"by the phylloxera pest that ruined much of the grape crop; as a result, whisky became the primary liquor in many markets. During the Prohibition era in the United States lasting from 1920 to 1933, all alcohol sales were banned in the country. The federal government made an exemption for whisky prescribed by a doctor and sold through licensed pharmacies. During this time, the Walgreens pharmacy chain grew from 20 retail stores to almost 400. A still for making whisky is usually made of copper, since it removes sulfur-based compounds from the alcohol that would make it unpleasant to drink."
"malted and then smoked in a sauna. Finnish legends include the story of Louhi in the Kalevala, a woman who brewed beer by mixing bear's saliva with honey. Raugutiene, was a Baltic and Slavic goddess, who was the protector of beer. Alan D. Eames, a beer anthropologist, wrote an article in 1993 stating that the Norse Vikings, allowed only women to brew their ale. Archaeologists have uncovered graves of pre-Viking Nordic people which indicate that women were the ones who made and served alcohol. In the grave of the ""Egtved Girl"", a bucket of grog buried at her feet showed"
"that were of recent origin, typically consisting of Bohemian-style products. Connoisseurs considered these of inferior quality and not representative of the 19th century spirit. In 2000, La Fée Absinthe became the first commercial absinthe distilled and bottled in France since the 1914 ban, but it is now one of dozens of brands that are produced and sold within France. In the Netherlands, the restrictions were challenged by Amsterdam wineseller Menno Boorsma in July 2004, thus confirming the legality of absinthe once again. Similarly, Belgium lifted its long-standing ban on January 1, 2005, citing a conflict with the adopted food and"
"of 2.25% or more), however, was not included in the 1935 vote in order to please the temperance lobby—which argued that because beer is cheaper than spirits, it would lead to more depravity. As international travel brought Icelanders back in touch with beer, bills to legalize it were regularly moved in parliament, but inevitably were shot down on technical grounds. Prohibition lost more support in 1985, when the Minister of Justice (himself a teetotaler) prohibited pubs from adding legal spirits to legal non-alcoholic beer (called ""pilsner"" by Icelanders) to make a potent imitation of strong beer. Soon after, beer approached"