"Wu orthography, a discussion forum etc. Excellent reference on Wu Chinese, including tones of the sub-dialects. Wu Chinese Wu (Shanghainese: ; Suzhou dialect: ; Wuxi dialect: ) is a group of linguistically similar and historically related varieties of Chinese primarily spoken in the whole city of Shanghai, Zhejiang province and the southern half of Jiangsu province, as well as bordering areas. Major Wu varieties include those of Shanghai, Suzhou, Ningbo, Wuxi, Wenzhou/Oujiang, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Jinhua and Yongkang. Wu speakers, such as Chiang Kai-shek, Lu Xun and Cai Yuanpei, occupied positions of great importance in modern Chinese culture and politics. Wu"
"Wu dialect. However, Wu Chinese varies throughout the area where it is spoken, hence, Hangzhou's dialect differs from regions in southern Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu. As the official language defined by China's central government, Mandarin is the dominant spoken language. There are several museums located in Hangzhou with regional and national importance. China National Silk Museum (), located near the West Lake, is one of the first state-level museums in China and the largest silk museum in the world. China National Tea Museum () is a national museum with special subjects as tea and its culture. Zhejiang Provincial Museum ()"
"language is about ninety million. People in Shangyu are use Wu language as major communication way in daily life. This language retains many ancient tones and words, culture value of research Chinese development is very high. It is a vivid expression of the thinking way and life style of the people who live in the south of the Yangtze River. More than one hundred cities led by Shanghai, make up Wu city group and Jiangnan culture circle that have similar value recognition, creating huge treasure through unity and mutual aid. Yangtze river delta region became the richest area in the"
"region. The city of Suzhou is located in the core area of Wu region, and the dialect spoken in Suzhou is usually regarded as the most typical Wu language dialect. The capital of the Eastern Wu state during the Three Kingdoms period was Nanjing, whose names include Jinling, Jianye and Jiankang. In the Eastern Jin dynasty, Nanjing became the capital of China, for the first time the capital of the Chinese empire moved to southern China. The previous Chungyuan Standard Pronunciation (中原雅音) evolved into the Jinling Standard Pronunciation (金陵雅音) of standard Chinese. Go-on (呉音), which is one of the sources"
"Jiangxi. Scattered remnants of Wu-speaking Chinese are found in other parts of China, such as in Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing and Xinjiang, as a result after 1964. Most of them outside of Jiangnan region usually speak variants of Taihu Wu dialects. Wu Chinese is spoken chiefly in the Wu region. Jiangnanese people consist of both Shanghainese people and Ningbo people, as well as other ethnic Han in Jiangnan. They mostly speak variants of Taihu Wu Chinese. Other languages spoken are Jianghuai Mandarin and Xuanzhou Wu Chinese. The Shanghainese people are centered around Shanghai and speak the Shanghainese dialect of Wu. Ningbo"
"Shanghainese The Shanghainese language, also known as the Shanghai dialect, Hu language or Hu dialect, is a variety of Wu Chinese spoken in the central districts of the City of Shanghai and its surrounding areas. It is classified as part of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Shanghainese, like other Wu variants, is mutually unintelligible with other varieties of Chinese, such as Mandarin. Shanghainese belongs to the Taihu Wu subgroup, and contains vocabulary and expressions from the entire Taihu Wu area of southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang. With nearly 14 million speakers, Shanghainese is also the largest single form of Wu Chinese."
"stops while some Wu varieties have entirely lost them. Most Min varieties, however, completely retain the series. These developments in Wu are likely areal influences due to its geographical closeness to North China, the ease of transport with many waterways in the north, the placement of the Southern Song capital in Hangzhou, as well as to the high rate of education in this region. Wu is sometimes considered to be one of the first or most ancient dialects, since the region was the first one settled that was non-contiguous with the other Chinese states. Proto-Min or Old Wu–Min is also"
"Pu (276–324), speakers easily perceived differences between dialects in different parts of China including the area where Wu varieties are spoken today. According to records of the Eastern Jin, the earliest known dialect of Nanjing was an ancient Wu dialect. After the Wu Hu uprising and the Disaster of Yongjia in 311, the Jin Emperor and many northern Chinese fled south, establishing the new capital Jiankang in what is modern-day Nanjing. The lower Yantze region became heavily inundated by settlers from Northern China, mostly coming from what is now northern Jiangsu province and Shandong province, with smaller numbers of settlers"
"Chengdu-Chongqing dialect Chengdu-Chongqing dialect or Cheng–Yu (; Sichuanese Pinyin: ""Cenyu"", ) is the most widely used branch of Southwestern Mandarin, with about 90 million speakers. It is named after Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan, and Chongqing, which was split from Sichuan in 1997. It is spoken mainly in northern and eastern Sichuan, the northeastern part of the Chengdu Plain, several cities or counties in southwestern Sichuan (Panzhihua, Dechang, Yanyuan, Huili and Ningnan), southern Shaanxi and western Hubei. This uniform dialect is formed after the great migration movement in Ming and Qing dynasty, and is greatly influenced by the Chinese"
"Wu Prefectures during the Southern and Northern Dynasties period. The Wu Prefecture of the Northern Dynasties was renamed Yang Prefecture (present-day Yangzhou) in the year 589, and around the same time Yang Prefecture was renamed Jiang Prefecture (present-day Nanjing). The state of Wu was founded by Taibo and Zhongyong, the first and second son of King Tai of Zhou. Meili (梅里) was the capital city. The vicinity is now known as Wuxi. Suzhou was the capital of the Wu state during the Warring States period. Suzhou was also called Wuzhou. The Wu language and its dialects are spoken in Wu"
"1,665,000 live in the 4 urban districts and the others live in the counties. The city has over 47 ethnic minorities present — the largest being the Muslim population. There are other ethnic minorities with over 500 inhabitants in the city: Yi, Tujia, Miao, Zhuang, and Manchu. Jiang-Huai Mandarin, a branch of Mandarin Chinese, was widely spoken in urban area, while some people in the counties spoke Wu Chinese. ""Putonghua"", or Standard Mandarin was commonly used in this area. Wuhu is known to have been inhabited since at least 770 BCE. It became a strategically important town during the Three"
"is Zaicheng Town in Lishui County; both Jianghuai and Wu languages were spoken in several towns in Lishui, with Wu being spoken by more people in more towns than Jianghuai. The Wu dialect is called ""old Zaicheng Speech"", while the Jianghuai dialect is called ""new Zaicheng speech"", with Wu languages being driven rapidly to extinction. Only use it to talk to relatives. The Jianghuai dialect has been present there for about a century, even though all of the surrounding are Wu speaking. Jianghuai was always confined inside the town itself until the 1960s; at present, it is overtaking Wu. Wu"
"from Taizhou speak a dialect of Wu Chinese, known as Huangyan Hua. It is not mutually intelligible with Mandarin Chinese, and only partially intelligible with Shanghainese. There is also a small portion of Min Nan and Wenzhou dialect speakers in the southern regions. None of these three languages are mutually intelligible amongst each other, but the linguistic diversity of some regions has resulted in a segment of the population becoming fluent in speaking up to four languages, when Mandarin is included. The city's people are reputed to be industrious and business-minded, although not to the same degree as neighboring Wenzhou."
"International, alongside Cantonese, Hokkien, Teochew, and Hakka. Wenzhounese is further divided into many dialects. When people refer to the standard Wenzhou dialect, it refers to the Wenzhounese spoken by the population of over 1 million people living in Lucheng District which is the metropolitan area of Wenzhou City. Over five million people from more developed areas of Lucheng District, Longwan District, Rui'an, Yueqing and Ouhai District, speak dialects of Wenzhou that are mutually intelligible. People who speak the Wu variety from Taizhou, which borders Wenzhou prefecture to the north, generally do not comprehend Wenzhounese. Wenzhounese is reputed to have been"
"of this is Zaicheng Town in Lishui County, both Jianghuai and Wu were spoken in several towns in Lishui, with Wu being spoken by the greater amount of people in more towns than Jianghuai. Wu is called ""old Zaicheng Speech"", while Jianghuai dialect is called ""new Zaicheng speech"", with Wu being driven rapidly to extinction. Only old people use it to talk to relatives. The Jianghuai dialect was present there for about a century, even though all the surrounding areas around the town are Wu speaking. Jianghuai was always confined inside the town itself until the 1960s, in the present"
"empires in China and each one had its own capital. The delta is one of the most densely populated regions on earth, and includes one of the world's largest cities on its banks — Shanghai, with a density of . Because of the large population of the delta, and factories, farms, and other cities upriver, the World Wide Fund for Nature says the Yangtze Delta is the biggest cause of marine pollution in the Pacific Ocean. Most of the people in this region speak Wu Chinese (sometimes called Shanghainese, although Shanghainese is actually one of the dialects within the Wu"
"significant numbers of Beijing dialect Mandarin speakers to the population. Because of the frequent commerce and intercourse between Hangzhou and Shaoxing, the Hangzhou dialect is also influenced by the Shaoxing dialect. Hangzhou dialect Hangzhou dialect (; ""Rhangzei Rhwa""), is spoken in the city of Hangzhou and its immediate suburbs, but excluding areas further away from Hangzhou such as Xiāoshān (蕭山) and Yúháng (余杭) (both originally county-level cities and now the districts within Hangzhou City). The number of speakers of the Hangzhou dialect has been estimated to be about 1.2 to 1.5 million. It is a dialect of Wu, one of"
"people are another Wu-speaking Chinese group and speak the Ningbo dialect. Wenzhou people are a Wu-speaking Chinese group who speak Wenzhounese. Though a significant minority are also speakers of a dialect of Min Nan known as Zhenan Min. If Huizhou Chinese was fully considered to be a subdivision of Wu Chinese, then people from Huizhou are considered to be Wu-speaking. Wu Chinese is also spoken by a minuscule minority, particularly by Mainlanders, both in Taiwan and in Hong Kong, as also other overseas Chinese communities. Yue or Cantonese speakers are predominant in the Pearl River basin (western-central Guangdong and eastern-central"
"and spiritual civilization created in the Wu region in all ages. In a narrow sense, the Wu region centers on the Lake Tai valley, including Nanjing, Yangzhou, Huaiyin, Shanghai and West Zhejiang Province. In a broad sense, however, it covers the Yangtze Delta, including developed cities: Wenzhou and Yongjia in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Nantong, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, etc. Located at the river-lake corridor of the Yangtze Delta and in the southeast of Jiangsu Province, Wuxi City borders Suzhou on the east and is 128 km away from Shanghai; With Lake Tai on the south, it shares a boundary with Zhejiang Province; With"
"Wuhu Wuhu (; literally ""Weedy Lake"") is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Anhui province, China. Sitting on the southeast bank of the Yangtze River, Wuhu borders Xuancheng to the southeast, Chizhou and Tongling to the southwest, Hefei city to the northwest, Ma'anshan city to the northeast, Jiangsu Province to the east, and is approximately southwest of Nanjing. As of 2017, the city had a population of approximately 3,696,000 officially registered inhabitants. The prefecture-level city of Wuhu administers 8 county-level divisions, including 4 districts and 4 counties. By the end of 2017, the total population was estimated to be 3,842,100，of whom"
"coming from the Central Plains. From the 4th to the 5th century, Northern people moved into Wu areas, adding characteristics to the lexicon of Northern Wu, traces of which can still be found in Northern Wu varieties today. One prominent historical speaker of the Wu dialect was Emperor Yangdi of the Sui dynasty and his Empress Xiao. Emperor Xuan of Western Liang, a member of Emperor Wu of Liang's court, was Empress Xiao's grandfather and he most likely learned the Wu dialect at Jiankang. After the Taiping Rebellion at the end of the Qing dynasty, in which the Wu-speaking region"
"the Nantong Special Administrative District included Chongming County, now part of Shanghai. Nantong city and its six counties (or county-level cities) are rich in linguistic diversity, featuring both important Northern Wu varieties and highly divergent dialects of Mandarin (see Nantong dialect). People in the city of Nantong speak a unique dialect which sounds nothing like standard Mandarin or any other dialect, and it is also holds distinctive differences from surrounding dialects. About 2 million people in the southern parts of Tongzhou, Haimen, and Qidong speak the Wu dialect, which is often referred to as ""Qi-hai Hua"" (), meaning Qidong-Haimen speech."
"varieties the immigrants spoke Mandarin from Hubei, Xiang and Gan. So it keeps fewer characteristics of Sichuan's original Ba-Shu Chinese than other Sichuanese dialects, such as Minjiang dialect. Chengdu-Chongqing dialect Chengdu-Chongqing dialect or Cheng–Yu (; Sichuanese Pinyin: ""Cenyu"", ) is the most widely used branch of Southwestern Mandarin, with about 90 million speakers. It is named after Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan, and Chongqing, which was split from Sichuan in 1997. It is spoken mainly in northern and eastern Sichuan, the northeastern part of the Chengdu Plain, several cities or counties in southwestern Sichuan (Panzhihua, Dechang, Yanyuan, Huili and"
"Hangzhou dialect Hangzhou dialect (; ""Rhangzei Rhwa""), is spoken in the city of Hangzhou and its immediate suburbs, but excluding areas further away from Hangzhou such as Xiāoshān (蕭山) and Yúháng (余杭) (both originally county-level cities and now the districts within Hangzhou City). The number of speakers of the Hangzhou dialect has been estimated to be about 1.2 to 1.5 million. It is a dialect of Wu, one of the Chinese varieties. The Hangzhou dialect is of immense interest to Chinese historical phonologists and dialectologists because phonologically, it exhibits extensive similarities with the other Wu dialects; however, grammatically and lexically,"
"of a violent environmental protest against an industrial waste pipeline. People living in Lüsi town speak a different dialect—known as the Lüsi () or Tongdong dialect ()—from most other residents, who generally speak Qidong Dialect (). The two dialects are considerably different and thus they are not mutually intelligible. Because most economic, educational and governmental activities are held in the city capital Huilong, where Qidong Dialect is prevalent, many residents of Lüsi have learned to understand and even speak the majority dialect. Qidong Dialect is a dialect of Wu Chinese. Some people consider it similar to Shanghainese, also a dialect"
"spoken in Southern Nanjing county. Within the prefecture, there are also small but noticeable distinctions in pronunciation between the city center and the more rural surroundings which can be easily detected by native speakers. It is likely that as most residents have remained in the same village for many generations and have been locally educated these variations have managed to persist. As one travels closer to Wuxi, the dialect begins to be closer to that spoken in neighboring Wuxi, the dialect of Wu that is most closely related to the Changzhou dialect. Speakers from the eastern Changzhou villages have little"
"people to this day. The cultural distinctiveness that began developing over this period persists to this day as the Wuyue region speaks a branch of the Chinese language called Wu (the most famous dialect of which is Shanghainese), has distinctive cuisine and other cultural traits. There have been many periods of mass-migrations to Wuyue areas from Northern China, sometimes overtaking the local Wuyue population. One notable example of this was when the Song Dynasty fell in the north, large numbers of northern refugees flooded into the relocated capital Hangzhou mainly from the areas that are currently under the administration of"
"of Wu Chinese. It is almost the same as the dialect spoken in Chongming, which is under the administration of Shanghai. Both of the two dialects belong to the Northern Wu. However, because of cultural differences among two places, there still exist non-intelligible usage mostly in vocabulary. High schools in Qidong include Qidong High School, Huilong High School, Dongnan High School, among others. The 200-300 mile Ningqi Highway connects Nanjing to Qidong. The Chongqi Bridge over the Yangtze River, completed in 2011 links Qidong with Chongming County and also the urban centre of Shanghai, reducing the driving time from three"
"the Wu River. These include (from mouth heading upstream): Wu River (Yangtze tributary) The Wu River () is the largest southern tributary of the Yangtze River. Nearly its entire length of runs within the isolated, mountainous and ethnically diverse province of Guizhou. The river takes drainage from a watershed. The river flows through the Liupanshui, Anshun, Guiyang (the capital), Qiannan, and Zunyi Districts of Guizhou. All nine regions of the province have at least partial drainage to the river. The river begins as the ""Sancha"" in western Guizhou and flows eastwards about . It then bends north, west and south"
"have noticed this trend and thus call for the preservation and documentation of not only Wu but all Chinese varieties. The first major attempt was the ""Linguistic Atlas of Chinese Dialects"", which surveyed 2,791 locations across the nation, including 121 Wu locations (a step up from the two locations in PKU's earlier surveys), and led to the formation of an elaborate database including digital recordings of all locations; however, this database is not available to the general public. The atlas's editor, Cao Zhiyun, considers many of these languages ""endangered"" and has introduced the term (Languages in danger) or ""endangered dialects"""
"to boost Shanghai's cyberpunk image. The vernacular language spoken in the city is Shanghainese, a dialect of the Taihu Wu subgroup of the Wu Chinese family. This makes it a different language from the official language nationwide, which is Mandarin, itself completely mutually unintelligible with Wu Chinese. Most Shanghai residents are the descendants of immigrants from the two adjacent provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang who moved to Shanghai in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The population of those regions speak different Wu Chinese dialects. From the 1990s, many migrants outside of the Wu-speaking region have come to Shanghai"
"into the Chinese language to raise people's attention to the issue, while others try to draw attention to how the dialects fall under the scope of UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage and as such deserve to be preserved and respected. More TV programs are appearing in Wu varieties and nearly every city/town has at least one show in their native variety. However, they are no longer permitted to air during primetime. They are generally more playful than serious and the majority of these shows, such as Hangzhou's ""Old Liutou tells you the news"", provide local or regional news in the dialect,"
"which the People's Republic of China views as a renegade province. As a city with giant ports, Ningbo influenced many countries near China, such as Japan. Ningbo speech is a dialect of Wu Chinese that has preserved many aspects of ancient Chinese phonology. Its original wording mode can be found in classical reference books. It can be found that the trisyllable and tetrasyllable phrases or proverbs in Ningbo dialect make it most unusual and dynamic. Moreover, the onomatopoeia, assonance words, collocations, inversions, and other language characteristics within Ningbo dialect all add spice to people's life. After port-opening, the western culture"