"also published his 1968 book ""Flames Over Persepolis"", in which Wheeler discussed Persepolis and the Persian Empire in the year that it was conquered by Alexander the Great. In 1954, the tour company R.K. Swan invited Wheeler to provide lectures on the archaeology of ancient Greece aboard their Hellenic cruise line, which he did in 1955. In 1957, he then gave a guided tour of the archaeology of the Indian subcontinent for the rival tour company Fairways and Swinford. After Swans appointed him to the position of chairman of their Hellenic Cruise division, he made two fortnight tours a year,"
"tour for visitors interested in the antiquities of Greece. The archaeologist, Sir Mortimer Wheeler, was employed as guest lecturer. From this developed a full programme of cruises, in which well known academics, writers and clergymen were regularly featured as guest lecturers, both on board ship and on site. The company prided itself on never repeating, exactly, any itinerary, but it concentrated, as the name suggests, on classical sites in the Aegean sea, around the coasts and islands of modern Greece and Turkey. It also, however, visited classical and other ancient sites in north Africa (including Egypt) and the eastern Mediterranean."
"His second wife, Emily, shared her husband's interest in English literature, and was the niece of Thomas Spencer Baynes, a Shakespearean scholar at St. Andrews University. Their marriage was emotionally strained, a situation exacerbated by their financial insecurity. Within two years of their son's birth, the family moved to Edinburgh, where a daughter named Amy was born. The couple gave their two children nicknames, with Mortimer being ""Boberic"" and Amy being ""Totsy"". When Wheeler was four, his father was appointed chief leader writer for the ""Bradford Observer"". The family relocated to Saltaire, a village northwest of Bradford, a cosmopolitan city"
"Scotland and England. She accompanied Mortimer on his postings until he was sent to France in 1917. Their only child, Michael Mortimer Wheeler, was born in January 1915. He became a barrister and judge. Tessa followed Mortimer to Cardiff in 1920 when he took up a post at the National Museum of Wales. He was Director of the National Museum of Wales from 1924 to 1926. They undertook excavations together at Segontium in 1921–22 and at Gaer in 1924–25, working as a team. Tessa organised the excavations and recorded the finds, and Mortimer interpreted the results. They were preparing an"
"in the methodologies of the discipline. Wheeler became very fond of his students, with one of them, B. B. Lal, later commenting that ""behind the gruff exterior, Sir Mortimer had a very kind and sympathetic heart"". Throughout his period in India, his students were some of the only individuals to whom Wheeler warmed; more widely, he was annoyed by what he saw as the idleness, incompetence and corruption of Indian society. Initially focusing on the northwest of the subcontinent, Wheeler was particularly fascinated by the Bronze Age Indus Valley Civilization. On his initial inspection of the Indus Valley sites of"
"in its back. Wheeler used the ""war cemetery"", as he described it, as evidence of a Roman attack on Maiden Castle. In AD 43, the Roman conquest of Britain began. Vespasian's subsequent campaign to conquer the tribes of the Atrebates, Dumnonii, and Durotriges in the southwest of Britain took place in AD 43–47. Based on the discovery of a group of bodies in the Late Iron Age formal cemetery that had met a violent death, archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler created a vivid story of the fall of Maiden Castle to Roman forces. He believed a legion wreaked destruction on the site,"
"military structures. His discoveries included an Iron Age religious site at Heathrow. In 1945, he succeeded Mortimer Wheeler as director of the London Museum, then based in Lancaster House. He was involved in the programme to excavate Blitz sites in London before they were redeveloped. For this work, he received the freedom of the City of London in 1952. A highlight was the excavation of the London Mithraeum, discovered at a building site at Walbrook in 1954 with features in the ""Illustrated London News"" illustrated with drawings by Alan Sorrell. The unexpected discovery of a bust of Mithras on the"
"and television, particularly the BBC series ""Animal, Vegetable, Mineral?"", helped to bring archaeology to a mass audience. Appointed Honorary Secretary of the British Academy, he raised large sums of money for archaeological projects, and was appointed British representative for several UNESCO projects. Wheeler is recognised as one of the most important British archaeologists of the twentieth century, responsible for successfully encouraging British public interest in the discipline and advancing methodologies of excavation and recording. Furthermore, he is widely acclaimed as a major figure in the establishment of South Asian archaeology. However, many of his specific interpretations of archaeological sites have"
"Government’s inquiry into the Iraq war (headed by Sir John Chilcot). He is also an Honorary Fellow of Hertford College, Oxford, a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, a Patron of the Police Foundation, and a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Painter-Stainers. Wheeler has also played cricket for the Stragglers of Asia CC, one of the oldest wandering cricket clubs in the UK. His interests include fly fishing, cricket, shooting and ornithology. In 1980 he married Felicity Hares; they have three sons, including Simon Wheeler, and one daughter by a former marriage. He is the nephew of the late"
"this purpose, the baulks between trenches served to retain a record of the strata that had been dug through), and, second, to publish the excavation promptly and in a form that would tell the story of the site to the intelligent reader. They also published their results quickly after the excavations concluded, and Mortimer proved adept at generating favourable publicity. She became a lecturer at the London Museum in 1928, and became the second woman to be elected as a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries the same year. The Wheelers worked together on establishing an Institute of Archaeology in"
"on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, running alongside his Welsh fieldwork of 1908-09, helping to visit and synthesise the archaeology of many counties through the Commission’s Inventories and developing an interest in hillfort archaeology. [Mortimer Wheeler], who knew him and was in a sense Bosanquet’s successor in Wales, situated his own early excavations ‘in direct line of descent from those instituted by him and the Liverpool Committee‘. After exhausting wartime service in hospital organisation and relief work in Albania, Corfu and Salonica, 1915–17, Bosanquet soon after retired from teaching at Liverpool. In his retirement in northern England (Northumbria),"
"plausible. In 1845 a hoard of 140 metal artefacts known as the ""Stanwick Hoard"" which included four sets of horse harness for chariots and a bronze horse head 'bucket attachment', were found half a mile away at Melsonby. These are now held by the British Museum, which also has the Meyrick Helmet, which may have been part of the hoard, or made at Stanwick. Stanwick was the site of Sir Mortimer Wheeler's last major archaeological excavation in Britain, which he carried out over the summers of 1951 and 1952. Wheeler argued that the vast site had been constructed in three"
"been discredited or reinterpreted and he was often criticised for bullying colleagues and sexually harassing young women. Mortimer Wheeler was born on 10 September 1890 in the city of Glasgow, Scotland. He was the first child of the journalist Robert Mortimer Wheeler and his second wife Emily Wheeler (""née"" Baynes). The son of a tea merchant based in Bristol, in youth Robert had considered becoming a Baptist minister, but instead became a staunch freethinker while studying at the University of Edinburgh. Initially working as a lecturer in English literature Robert turned to journalism after his first wife died in childbirth."
"famous archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler. During World War II much of the collection was evacuated for storage at nearby Dover Street tube station, and later at Piccadilly Circus tube station. Some of the galleries at Lancaster House reopened to the public in 1942, but in November 1943 the building was requisitioned by the Ministry of Works as a conference centre and base for the new European Advisory Commission, the museum retaining only the basement for storage of its collections. After the war, attempts to reclaim Lancaster House for the museum's use failed. Eventually in 1948 George VI agreed that the museum"
"Edmund Mortimer (1376-1409) Sir Edmund Mortimer IV (10 December 1376 – January 1409) was an English nobleman, landowner and rebel who played a part in the rebellions of the Welsh leader Owain Glyndŵr and of the Percy family against King Henry IV, at the beginning of the 15th century. He perished at the siege of Harlech as part of these conflicts. He was related to many members of the English royal family through his mother, Philippa, Countess of Ulster, who was a granddaughter of King Edward III of England. Edmund IV was born on 10 December 1376 at Ludlow Castle"
"drawn to domestic structures of all sorts, including 'humbler dwellings'. Another novelty was consultation with 'official referees' whose specialist advice would supplement the expertise of the small number of commissioners, especially in new and developing fields of knowledge. This enabled the Commission to recruit advisers of the calibre of J. E. Lloyd (the distinguished medieval historian) and Mortimer Wheeler (the go-ahead archaeologist who became keeper of the London Museum after resigning as director of the National Museum of Wales in 1926). In the remaining two years of his secretaryship Owen put in order the work already done on Anglesey. It"
"the first director of the Archaeological Survey of Pakistan. He had previously returned to the sub-continent to serve as Sir Mortimer Wheeler's deputy on the excavations at Mohenjodaro. This relationship was to prove more valuable than the directorship of the survey, which he left after not being paid for several months. Back in Britain, a short stint as curator at the Abbey House Museum in Leeds in 1952 was followed by a post as a junior lecturer in the Department of Archaeology at Cardiff University. He was to remain in Cardiff for 20 years, rising to the level of Reader,"
"Lieutenant of Greater London with responsibility for the London Borough of Merton. Wheeler was chairman of Reliance Custodial Services Limited, part of Reliance Security Group, from 1997 to 2000. He was non-executive director of security equipment companies Jasmin Plc from 1997 to 1998 and Norbain from 1998 to 1999, and corporate intelligence firm Merchant International Group from 2003. He is a patron of Prisoners Abroad, a charity that supports the welfare of Britons imprisoned overseas and their families. John Wheeler (British politician) Sir John Daniel Wheeler, (born 1 May 1940) is a British Conservative politician who served as Security Minister"
"to engage in ""the study of the animals of the region when alive."" The mission was success with over 300 mammal and thousands of insect specimens returning to the United States. A species of gecko, ""Nephrurus wheeleri"", is named in his honor. His work includes 467 titles. William Morton Wheeler William Morton Wheeler (March 19, 1865 – April 19, 1937) was an American entomologist, myrmecologist and Harvard professor. William Morton Wheeler was born on March 19, 1865 to parents Julius Morton Wheeler and Caroline Georgiana Wheeler ( Anderson) in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. At a young age, Wheeler had an interest in"
"Boyd Dawkins, who was knighted in 1917, stood in as president of the association between 1914 and 1919. By the mid-1920s the influence of the recently established National Museum of Wales starts to make its mark on the association. Mortimer Wheeler was appointed keeper of archaeology in 1922, and in 1924 he became director of the museum. He immediately started on notable excavations on the Roman sites of Segontium on the outskirts of Caernarvon and Brecon Gaer. These volumes were published in ""Y Cymmrodor"", an annual journal of the Society of Cymmrodorion rather than in ""Archaeologia Cambrensis"", presumably because the"
"1995. His father, a Dominion Land Surveyor, co-founded the Alpine Club of Canada and mapped British Columbia’s Selkirk Mountains and the British Columbia-Alberta border. His mother was Clara (née Macoun), daughter of Canadian botanist John Macoun. Wheeler attended Trinity College at Port Hope, Ontario. He studied at the Royal Military College of Canada in Kingston, Ontario in 1907. He commissioned in the corps of the Royal Engineers. During the First World War he served with King George's Sappers and Miners in France. Indian Expedition Force, 1915 and with the forces in Mesopotamia campaign 1916-18. He was awarded the Military Cross,"
"an armband, and a cloak with drilled trefoil, single circle and double circle motifs, which show traces of red. His eyes might have originally been inlaid. A seal discovered at the site bears the image of a seated, cross-legged and possibly ithyphallic figure surrounded by animals. The figure has been interpreted by some scholars as a yogi, and by others as a three-headed ""proto-Shiva"" as ""Lord of Animals"". Sir Mortimer Wheeler was especially fascinated with this artifact, which he believed to be at least 4,500 years old. The necklace has an S-shaped clasp with seven strands, each over 4 ft"
"in Britain, which he conceived in the 1920s. Thanks to the efforts of Wheeler and his wife Tessa, his ambitions were realised when the Institute was officially opened in 1937, with Mortimer Wheeler as its first director. Among its early members of staff were some of the founding ancestors of archaeology in Britain. Foremost among these, apart from Wheeler himself, was V. Gordon Childe, director from 1946 to 1957, but there were many others, including Kathleen Kenyon, excavator of Jericho, initially secretary then the Institute's acting director during World War II; F. E. Zeuner, one of the founders of quaternary"
"He felt that there was no ""celebrity archaeologist"" to replace him, and ultimately felt that the situation in British archaeology made him ""angry and sad."" In ""British Archaeology"" magazine, Aston was described as ""the Mortimer Wheeler of our times"" because, despite strong differences between their personalities, both had done much to bring archaeology to the British public. It went on to note that Aston reminded archaeologists that ""their job is to do archaeology, and if that was an archaeology that meant nothing to ordinary people, there was no point in it – and government would be among the first to"
"Sir Arthur Wheeler, 1st Baronet Sir Arthur Wheeler, 1st Baronet (18 September 1860 – 20 May 1943) was an English stockbroker and financier. Wheeler was born in Nottingham. He was educated at Nottingham High School and joined Simon, Meyer & Co, a lace exporter, as a clerk. He rose to be chief clerk and in 1899 launched his own stockbroking firm in Leicester, concentrating on serving Midlands firms which were too small to launch themselves in the City of London. During the First World War, Wheeler dedicated his energies to selling war bonds, and for this he was created a"
"had to take charge in London of the archaeological consequences of War damage and the organisation of rescue excavations. As Chief Inspector he was involved with the drafting of the 1953 Historic Buildings Act and the setting up Historic Building Councils. In Montgomeryshire, with the encouragement of the energetic local historian J D K Lloyd he embarked on a notable series of excavations, using the modern excavation techniques pioneered by Mortimer Wheeler. These included the excavation of Iron Age Hill Forts at the Breiddin and Ffridd Faldwyn (as well as at Titterstone Clee in Shropshire); the excavations and survey of"
"Thomas Martin Wheeler Thomas Martin Wheeler (23 November 1811 – 16 February 1862) was a British radical activist, journalist, and insurance society manager. Born in Walworth, near London, Thomas was the brother of George William Wheeler. Their father was a wheelwright, who later became a victualler. Thomas was educated in Walton-le-Dale and Stoke Newington, and proved a successful student, remaining there until he was fourteen. After a couple of unsuccessful apprenticeships, he found work as a gardener in Kensington, and became a supporter of Robert Owen. He then developed an interest in Chartism. He was elected as the secretary of"
"and her daughters brought to London, where they were held in custody. In 1413 she and two of her daughters were buried at St Swithin, London Stone. Events in the life of Sir Edmund Mortimer were dramatised by Shakespeare in Henry IV, Part 1. In the play Shakespeare accurately identifies him as Hotspur's brother-in-law, but simultaneously conflates him with his nephew by referring to him as 'Earl of March'. Edmund Mortimer (1376-1409) Sir Edmund Mortimer IV (10 December 1376 – January 1409) was an English nobleman, landowner and rebel who played a part in the rebellions of the Welsh leader"
"of Roman Britain"", a handbook in sixteen chapters covering first the archaeological sites (fortresses, towns and temples and portable antiquities) inscriptions, coins, pottery and brooches. Mortimer Wheeler in a review, remarked that ""it seemed at first a trifle off beat that he should immerse himself in so much museum-like detail… but I felt sure that this was incidental to his primary mission to organise his own thinking"". However, his most important work was his contribution to the first volume of the Oxford History of England, ""Roman Britain and the English Settlements"", of which he wrote the major part, Nowell Myres"
"mid-20th century archaeologist Mortimer Wheeler, who interpreted the presence of many unburied corpses found in the top levels of Mohenjo-daro as the victims of conquests. He famously stated that the Vedic god ""Indra stands accused"" of the destruction of the Indus Civilisation. Scholarly critics have since argued that Wheeler misinterpreted the evidence he found, and that the skeletons were better explained as hasty interments, not victims of a massacre. The theory has been discarded in mainstream scholarship since the 1980s, and replaced by much more sophisticated models. Nevertheless, critics of the Indo-Aryan Migration theory use it to present the Indo-Aryan"
"Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March Roger Mortimer, 3rd Baron Mortimer, 1st Earl of March (25 April 128729 November 1330), was an English nobleman and powerful Marcher lord who gained many estates in the Welsh Marches and Ireland following his advantageous marriage to the wealthy heiress Joan de Geneville, 2nd Baroness Geneville. In November 1316, he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1322 for having led the Marcher lords in a revolt against King Edward II in what became known as the Despenser War. He later escaped to France, where he"
"ancient existence of an equally advanced Minoan civilization. The next major figure in the development of archaeology was Sir Mortimer Wheeler, whose highly disciplined approach to excavation and systematic coverage in the 1920s and 1930s brought the science on swiftly. Wheeler developed the grid system of excavation, which was further improved by his student Kathleen Kenyon. Archaeology became a professional activity in the first half of the 20th century, and it became possible to study archaeology as a subject in universities and even schools. By the end of the 20th century nearly all professional archaeologists, at least in developed countries,"
"George Godfrey Massy Wheeler George Godfrey Massy Wheeler, VC (31 January 1873 – 13 April 1915) was a British Army officer, and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Wheeler was a grandson of Sir Hugh Massy Wheeler. He was educated at Bedford Modern School. In 1900 he married Nellie Purcell, a daughter of the surgeon Ferdinand Purcell. Wheeler was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Wiltshire Regiment on 20 May 1893, and was promoted to lieutenant on"