"Jostaberry The jostaberry (""Ribes"" × ""nidigrolaria"") is a complex-cross fruit bush in the genus ""Ribes"", involving three original species, the black currant ""R. nigrum"", the North American coastal black gooseberry ""R. divaricatum"", and the European gooseberry ""R. uva-crispa"". It is similar to ""Ribes × culverwellii"", the Jochelbeere, which is descended from just two of these species, ""R. nigrum"" and ""R. uva-crispa"". The cultivated plants are tetraploid. They are descended from two separate first-generation crosses, both of which produced very few fruit. Fertile tetraploids were produced using colchicine. The name ""Jostaberry"" was created via combining the German words for blackcurrant and"
"to three flowers which hang from leaf axils. The showy flower has five pointed sepals in shades of purple-red which are reflexed upward. At the center is a tubular corolla of white or pink-tinged petals around five stamens and two styles. The fruit is a bristly berry up to 2 centimeters wide which is bright red, ripening purple. Ribes amarum Ribes amarum is a species of currant known by the common name bitter gooseberry. It is endemic to California, where it is known from mountains, foothills, and canyons. Its habitat includes Chaparral. ""Ribes amarum"" is a shrub growing to one"
"each flower is in diameter, with five red or pink petals. The fruit is a dark purple oval berry about long, edible but with an insipid taste. The Latin specific epithet ""sanguineum"" means “blood-red” ""Ribes sanguineum"" was introduced into cultivation by 19th century Scottish botanist David Douglas. It and its varieties and cultivars are popular garden shrubs, valued for their brightly colored and scented flowers in early spring, and birds and habitat support. Numerous cultivars have been selected with flowers ranging from white to dark red. The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit:- Ribes"
"Ribes lacustre The shrub Ribes lacustre is known by the common names prickly currant, black swamp gooseberry, and black gooseberry. It is widely distributed, from California to Alaska and across North America east to Pennsylvania and Newfoundland, and south as far as New Mexico. The shrub grows erect to spreading, 0.5–2 m. Clusters of reddish to maroon flowers bloom in spring. The fruit consists of dark purple berries 6–8 mm long. It blooms in April through August and may be found in low-elevation forests to the subalpine. Outside its native range, ""Ribes"" species may be invasive. For example, in Michigan,"
"planting of any currant and gooseberry species is prohibited. Ribes lacustre The shrub Ribes lacustre is known by the common names prickly currant, black swamp gooseberry, and black gooseberry. It is widely distributed, from California to Alaska and across North America east to Pennsylvania and Newfoundland, and south as far as New Mexico. The shrub grows erect to spreading, 0.5–2 m. Clusters of reddish to maroon flowers bloom in spring. The fruit consists of dark purple berries 6–8 mm long. It blooms in April through August and may be found in low-elevation forests to the subalpine. Outside its native range,"
"three to five toothed lobes which may be divided partway into smaller lobes. The inflorescence is a solitary flower or raceme of up to five flowers which hangs pendent. The flower has five reddish green sepals which are reflexed upward. At the center are white or pinkish petals and protruding stamens and stigmas. The fruit is an edible hairless greenish, purple, or black berry roughly a centimeter (0.4 inch) wide. Ribes inerme Ribes inerme is a species of currant known by the common names whitestem gooseberry and white stemmed gooseberry. It is native to western North America from British Columbia"
"Kaffir lime Citrus hystrix, called the kaffir lime, makrut lime (, ) or Mauritius papeda, is a citrus fruit native to tropical Southeast Asia and southern China. Its fruit and leaves are used in Southeast Asian cuisine and its essential oil is used in perfumery. Its rind and crushed leaves emit an intense citrus fragrance. The etymology of the name ""kaffir lime"" is uncertain. The Arabic word for non-Muslims is ""kafir"". ""Citrus hystrix"" is known by various names in its native areas: In South Africa, ""kaffir"" is an ethnic slur for black African people. Consequently, some authors favour switching from"
"pendent from the branches. The flower has five sepals in shades of deep red or green with a red tinge, which are reflexed upward. At the center is a tubular corolla of white or pinkish petals around five stamens and two longer styles. The fruit is an edible red berry about a centimeter wide which is covered in stiff spines. Ribes californicum Ribes californicum, with the common name hillside gooseberry, is a North American species of currant. It is endemic to California, where it can be found throughout many of the California Coast, Transverse, and Peninsular Ranges in local habitat"
"The edges are smooth or faintly toothed. The inflorescence is an umbel of up to 15 flowers with five pointed sepals opening into a starlike shape and five smaller, greenish petals. The fruit is a drupe which ripens to black. It measures just over a centimeter long and contains 2 seeds. Rhamnus rubra Rhamnus rubra (syn. ""Frangula rubra"") is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family known by the common names red buckthorn and Sierra coffeeberry. It is native to the mountains and plateau areas of northern and eastern California and western Nevada, including the Sierra Nevada and"
"Ribes amarum Ribes amarum is a species of currant known by the common name bitter gooseberry. It is endemic to California, where it is known from mountains, foothills, and canyons. Its habitat includes Chaparral. ""Ribes amarum"" is a shrub growing to one to two meters (40-80 inches) in height. Nodes along the stem each bear three spines up to a centimeter (0.4 inch) in length. The hairy, glandular leaves are 2 to 4 centimeters (0.8-1.6 inches) long and generally rounded in shape, divided into 3 to 5 rounded toothed lobes. The inflorescence is a solitary flower or raceme of up"
"in drought-tolerant, native plant, and wildlife gardens. It prefers dappled to bright light, in dry gardens and under oaks. The plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Ribes speciosum Ribes speciosum is a species of flowering plant in the Grossulariaceae family, which includes the edible currants and gooseberries. It is a spiny deciduous shrub with spring-flowering, elongate red flowers that resemble fuchsias, though it is not closely related. Its common names are fuchsia-flowered gooseberry and Californian fuchsia. It is native to central and southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the scrub and chaparral"
"rounded, toothed lobes. The inflorescence is a solitary flower or a raceme of up to four flowers which dangling from the branches. The flower has five fuzzy sepals in shades of pale green, sometimes edged with red, which are reflexed upward. At the center is a tubular corolla of white or pinkish petals around five stamens and two shorter styles. The fruit is a yellowish green berry about a centimeter (0.4 inch) wide which is covered in long prickles which harden into spines. Ribes binominatum Ribes binominatum is a species of currant known by the common names trailing gooseberry and"
"fruit with better eating qualities and bushes with greater hardiness and disease resistance. ""Ribes nigrum"", the blackcurrant, is a medium-sized shrub, growing to . The leaves are alternate, simple, broad and long with five palmate lobes and a serrated margin. All parts of the plant are strongly aromatic. The flowers are produced in racemes known as ""strigs"" up to long containing ten to twenty flowers, each about in diameter. Each flower has a hairy calyx with yellow glands, the five lobes of which are longer than the inconspicuous petals. There are five stamens surrounding the stigma and style and two"
"brownish grey and eventually starts to flake off. The buds are scattered, compressed and light green to white. The leaves are palmate. The upper side of the leaves are dark green with scattered hair, while the bottom is light green. The male and female flowers are on distinct specimens. Both kinds of flowers are organized in clusters in the corners of the leaves, where the male's are the longest. The individual flowers are small and greenish-yellow. The fruit is red, clear and resembles a redcurrant, but has an insipid taste. The seeds germinate readily. Ribes alpinum Ribes alpinum, known as"
"Ribes americanum Ribes americanum is a North American species of flowering plant in the gooseberry family known by the common names American black currant, wild black currant, and eastern black currant. It is widespread in much of Canada (from Alberta to Nova Scotia), the northern United States (from New England to Washington, with additional populations in Colorado and New Mexico). ""Ribes americanum"" is a shrub growing 0.5 to 1.5 meters (20-60 inches) in height. The branches are erect and bear deciduous leaves. There are no spines. The plant may form thickets. The glandular leaves are up to long and have"
"Rhamnus rubra Rhamnus rubra (syn. ""Frangula rubra"") is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family known by the common names red buckthorn and Sierra coffeeberry. It is native to the mountains and plateau areas of northern and eastern California and western Nevada, including the Sierra Nevada and Klamath Mountains, where it grows in many habitat types, including forests, chaparral, and sagebrush. ""Rhamnus rubra"" is a spreading shrub approaching two meters in maximum height, its bark red or gray. The thin, deciduous leaves are generally oval in shape, green to grayish in color, and up to 8 centimeters long."
"Ribes speciosum Ribes speciosum is a species of flowering plant in the Grossulariaceae family, which includes the edible currants and gooseberries. It is a spiny deciduous shrub with spring-flowering, elongate red flowers that resemble fuchsias, though it is not closely related. Its common names are fuchsia-flowered gooseberry and Californian fuchsia. It is native to central and southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the scrub and chaparral of the coastal mountain ranges. ""Ribes speciosum"" is a spreading shrub which can reach in maximum height, its stems coated in bristles with three long spines at each stem node. The"
"one or two flowers hanging from the branches. Each flower has five reflexed sepals which are white with a pink blush at the bases around a central corolla of white petals. The whitish stamens and stigmas protrude from the center. The fruit is a yellow berry about a centimeter wide which is covered in glandular bristles. Ribes victoris Ribes victoris is an uncommon North American species of currant known by the common name Victor's gooseberry. It is endemic to California, where it grows in the chaparral and woods of canyons in the San Francisco Bay Area and counties to the"
"small dried flower remnant at the end, compared with the long remnant found on wax currants (""Ribes cereum""). Ribes montigenum Ribes montigenum is a species of currant known by the common names mountain gooseberry, alpine prickly currant, western prickly gooseberry,and gooseberry currant. It is native to western North America from Washington south to California and east as far as the Rocky Mountains, where it grows in high mountain habitat types in subalpine and alpine climates, such as forests and talus. It is a spreading shrub growing up to 1.5 meters (5 feet) tall, the branching stems covered in prickles and"
"inches) long and are divided into a few lobes which are toothed or lobed at their tips. The inflorescence is a raceme of 2 or 3 small flowers. Each flower has five reflexed yellow sepals around a tube-shaped ring of smaller cream-colored petals. The fruit is an spherical, edible black berry just under a centimeter (0.4 inch) in diameter. Ribes quercetorum Ribes quercetorum is a species of currant known by the common names rock gooseberry, oak gooseberry and oakwoods gooseberry. It is native to the mountains and hills of California from the San Francisco Bay Area south into Baja California"
"among the largest of any ""Rubus"" species, making its Latin species name ""parviflorus"" (""small-flowered"") a misnomer. The plant produces edible composite fruit approximately a centimeter (0.4 inches) in diameter, which ripen to a bright red in mid to late summer. Like other raspberries it is not a true berry, but instead an aggregate fruit of numerous drupelets around a central core. The drupelets may be carefully removed separately from the core when picked, leaving a hollow fruit which bears a resemblance to a thimble, perhaps giving the plant its name. Thimbleberry fruits are smaller, flatter, and softer than raspberries, and"
"Lactarius rufus Lactarius rufus is a common, medium-sized member of the mushroom genus ""Lactarius"", whose many members are commonly known as milkcaps. Known by the common name of the rufous milkcap, or the red hot milk cap in North America. It is dark brick red in color, edible, and grows with pine or birch trees. Described originally by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, and later by the Swedish father of modern mycology Elias Magnus Fries. The specific epithet ""rufus"" is a reference to its colour. The cap is up to in diameter. It is dark brick, bay, or red-brown. At first it"
"Ribes sanguineum Ribes sanguineum, the flowering currant, redflower currant, or red-flowering currant, is a North American species of flowering plant in the family Grossulariaceae, native to western United States and Canada (British Columbia, Washington, Idaho, Oregon, California). It is a deciduous shrub growing to tall and broad. The bark is dark brownish-grey with prominent paler brown lenticels. The leaves are long and broad, palmately lobed with five lobes; when young in spring, they have a strong resinous scent. The flowers are produced in early spring at the same time as the leaves emerge, on dangling racemes long of 5–30 flowers;"
"it the name ""Agaricus deliciosus"", the specific epithet deriving from Latin ""deliciosus"" meaning ""tasty"". The Swedish taxonomist allegedly gave the species its epithet after smelling it and presuming it tasted as good as a Mediterranean milk cap highly regarded for its flavor. Dutch mycologist Christian Hendrik Persoon added the varietal epithet ""lactifluus"" in 1801, before English mycologist Samuel Frederick Gray placed it in its current genus ""Lactarius"" in 1821 in his ""The Natural Arrangement of British Plants"". It is commonly known as saffron milk-cap, red pine mushroom, or simply pine mushroom in English. An alternate North American name is orange"
"Rubus idaeus Rubus idaeus (raspberry, also called red raspberry or occasionally as European raspberry to distinguish it from other raspberries) is a red-fruited species of ""Rubus"" native to Europe and northern Asia and commonly cultivated in other temperate regions. A closely related plant in North America, sometimes regarded as the variety ""Rubus idaeus"" var. ""strigosus"", is more commonly treated as a distinct species, ""Rubus strigosus"" (American Red Raspberry), as is done here. Red-fruited cultivated raspberries, even in North America, are generally ""Rubus idaeus"" or horticultural derivatives of hybrids of ""R. idaeus"" and ""R. strigosus;"" these plants are all addressed in"
"inflorescence is an erect raceme of two to four flowers, each less than a centimeters long. The flower has five yellow sepals which are reflexed away from the central corolla, a neat tube of yellow petals. Within the tube are five stamens and two styles. The fruit is a hairless red berry measuring 6 to 7 millimeters wide. Ribes lasianthum Ribes lasianthum is a species of currant known by the common names alpine gooseberry and woolly-flowered gooseberry. It is native to California, where it can be found in the San Gabriel Mountains and the Sierra Nevada, its distribution extending just"
"Rubus arcticus Rubus arcticus, the Arctic bramble or Arctic raspberry, is a species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family, found in arctic and alpine regions in the Northern Hemisphere. Its dark red fruit is considered a delicacy. In the Pacific Northwest of western Canada and the northwestern United States, it is sometimes called the ""nagoon"" or ""nagoonberry"", a name which derives from the Tlingit ""neigóon"". A measure of the quality of its fruit is expressed in its Russian name княженика ""knyazhenika"", signifying the ""berry of princes"". It grows in Alaska, northern Scandinavia, Russia, Poland, Belarus, Mongolia, northeastern China,"
"green and shiny on their top surfaces, and lighter green or yellowish and leathery on the undersides. The leaves have glands which exude a sticky, citrus-scented sap. Clusters of deep red flowers bloom in late winter and into early spring. The plant yields small red fruits later in the spring. Ribes viburnifolium Ribes viburnifolium, is an uncommon North American species in the gooseberry family. It is known by the common names Catalina currant, Santa Catalina Island currant, island gooseberry and evergreen currant. ""Ribes viburnifolium"" is found in Southern California in the United States, especially on Santa Catalina Island in the"
"Citrullus ecirrhosus Citrullus ecirrhosus, commonly known as Namib tsamma, is a species of perennial desert vine in the Cucurbitaceae (gourd) family, and a relative of the widely consumed watermelon (""Citrullus lanatus""). It can be found in both Namibia and South Africa, in particular the Namib Desert. It is the sister species to the bitter melon, ""Citrullus amarus"" with which it shares hard, white and bitter flesh. The vines can crawl for up to two meters, and it has yellow flowers. As a desert plant, it is a hardy species, surviving with little water and strong sunlight. The leaves form annual"
"suggested to clarify the taxonomy. Rubus nigerrimus Rubus nigerrimus is rare North American species of brambles in the rose family. It has been found only in the States of Oregon and Washington in the northwestern United States. ""Rubus nigerrimus"" is up to 2 meters (80 inches) tall, strongly armed with straight prickles. Leaves are compound with 3 or 5 leaflets. Flowers are white. Fruit almost black, with woolly hairs. The genetics of ""Rubus"" is extremely complex, so that it is difficult to decide on which groups should be recognized as species. There are many rare species with limited ranges such"
"June and July. The fruit is a bright red berry, without the hairs that some currants have. The fruit is edible but rather sour. It is listed as endangered in Connecticut and Ohio, and as threatened in Pennsylvania. Ribes is listed a plant pest in Michigan and the planting of it in certain parts of the state is prohibited. Alaska Natives use the fruit as food, eating it raw, and making the berries into jam and jellies. Eskimos eat the berries and the Inupiat eat them raw or cooked, mix them with other berries which are used to make a"
"The fruit is a cluster of bright orange or red berries. All parts of the plants, including the berries, are poisonous, containing significant amounts of calcium oxalate as raphides. The genus name is the Latinized form of the Greek name for these plants, ""aron"". Formerly placed here: Arum Arum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae, native to Europe, northern Africa, and western and central Asia, with the highest species diversity in the Mediterranean region. Frequently called ""arum lilies"", they are not closely related to the true lilies ""Lilium"". Plants in closely related ""Zantedeschia"" are also called"
"Lactarius deliciosus Lactarius deliciosus, commonly known as the saffron milk cap and red pine mushroom, is one of the best known members of the large milk-cap genus ""Lactarius"" in the order Russulales. It is found in Europe and has been accidentally introduced to other countries under conifers and can be found growing in pine plantations. A fresco in the Roman town of Herculaneum appears to depict ""Lactarius deliciosus"" and is one of the earliest pieces of art to illustrate a fungus. This was known to Linnaeus who officially described it in Volume Two of his ""Species Plantarum"" in 1753, giving"