"(Neal Zaslaw) reviewed the historical evidence and tentatively opted for a diagnosis of rheumatic fever. The hypothesis of trichinosis was put forth by Jan V. Hirschmann in 2001. In 2009, British, Viennese and Dutch researchers performed epidemiological research combined with a study of other deaths in Vienna at the time of Mozart's death. They concluded that Mozart may have died of a streptococcal infection leading to an acute nephritic syndrome caused by poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. This disease was also called ""Wassersucht"" in Austria. Death of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart The composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart died on 5 December 1791 at the age"
"also varies among these three alternatives. Mozart's preference for ""Amadè"" was not in general respected by others. Frequently, he was called either ""Wolfgang Amadeus"" or ""Wolfgang Gottlieb"". Here are examples: It is possible that the now-standard ""Amadeus"" originated as a facetious name. He signed some letters in mock Latin as ""Wolfgangus Amadeus Mozartus""; this was certainly no accident as in one letter he did the same to the date of the letter as well: adding ""-us"" to the end of each word. Mozart's only mention as ""Wolfgang Amadeus"" in an official document made during his lifetime was found in 1998"
"Mozart's birthplace Mozart's birthplace (German: ' or ') was the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at No. 9 Getreidegasse in Salzburg, Austria. The Mozart family resided on the third floor from 1747 to 1773. Mozart himself was born here on 27 January 1756. He was the seventh child of Leopold Mozart, who was a musician of the Salzburg Royal Chamber. Now a museum, Mozart's birthplace introduces visitors to the early life of the composer, his first musical instruments, his friends, and his passionate interest in opera. The third floor exhibits Mozart's childhood violin as well as portraits, documents, and early"
"Leopold Mozart Johann Georg Leopold Mozart (November 14, 1719 – May 28, 1787) was a German composer, conductor, teacher, and violinist. Mozart is best known today as the father and teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and for his violin textbook ""Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule"". He was born in Augsburg, son of Johann Georg Mozart (1679–1736), a bookbinder, and his second wife Anna Maria Sulzer (1696–1766). From an early age he sang as a choirboy. He attended a local Jesuit school, the St. Salvator Gymnasium, where he studied logic, science, theology, graduating ""magna cum laude"" in 1735. He then moved on"
"was always called Wolfgang by his family. He received excellent musical instruction from Antonio Salieri and Johann Nepomuk Hummel, and Beethoven and studied composition with Johann Georg Albrechtsberger and Sigismund von Neukomm. He learned to play both the piano and violin. Like his father, he started to compose at an early age. ""In April 1805, the thirteen-year-old Wolfgang Mozart made his debut in Vienna in a concert in the Theater an der Wien."" Wolfgang became a professional musician and enjoyed moderate success both as a teacher and a performer. Unlike his father, he was introverted and given to self-deprecation. He"
"Austrian musicologist Otto Erich Deutsch, who studied all available letters and documents about the composer, arrived at the following conclusion about what the composer called himself: ""In Italy, from 1770, Mozart called himself 'Wolfgango Amadeo', and from about 1777, 'Wolfgang Amadè'."" The use of multiple language versions of the same name was perhaps common in Mozart's day. Joseph Haydn went by ""Joseph"" (German, English and French), ""Josephus"" (Latin) and ""Giuseppe"" (Italian); and Ludwig van Beethoven published his works as ""Luigi"" (Italian) and as ""Louis"" (French). Mozart's preference for ""Wolfgang Amadè"" can be seen on the wedding contract for his marriage"
"portrays the composer as a pioneering visionary. The title refers to Mozart's middle name Amadeus (Latin for ""love God"") and to the aphorism ""he whom the gods love, dies young"" (Latin: """") from Plautus' ""Bacchides"", lines 816–17, and earlier Greek sources, including Homer's mention of Trophonius; Mozart died at the age of 35. A British film of the same title had been released in 1936. Whom the Gods Love (1942 film) Whom the Gods Love (German:Wen die Götter lieben) is a 1942 Austrian historical musical film directed by Karl Hartl and starring Hans Holt, Irene von Meyendorff and Winnie Markus."
"Mozart's nationality This article discusses the nationality of the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791). The two main labels that have been used to describe Mozart's nationality are ""Austrian"" and ""German"". However, in Mozart's own time, these terms were used differently from the way they are used today, because the modern nation states of Austria and Germany did not yet exist. Any decision to label Mozart as ""Austrian"" or ""German"" (or neither) involves political boundaries, history, language, culture, and Mozart's own views. Editors of modern encyclopedias and other reference sources differ in how they assign a label to Mozart (if any)"
"Flute"". The first floor replicates living conditions in Mozart's day with period furniture. Original documents and paintings illustrate his life in Salzburg. Other items in the museum are an incomplete portrait of Mozart painted by Joseph Lange, his brother-in-law in 1789 (one of Mozart's striking portraits), pictures of his childhood, and his childhood violin. Mozart's birthplace Mozart's birthplace (German: ' or ') was the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at No. 9 Getreidegasse in Salzburg, Austria. The Mozart family resided on the third floor from 1747 to 1773. Mozart himself was born here on 27 January 1756. He was the"
"Camargo Guarnieri Mozart Camargo Guarnieri (February 1, 1907 – January 13, 1993) was a Brazilian composer. Guarnieri was born in Tietê, São Paulo, and registered at birth as Mozart Guarnieri, but when he began a musical career, he decided his first name was too pretentious and subject to puns. Thus he adopted his mother's maiden name Camargo as a middle name, and thenceforth signed himself M. Camargo Guarnieri. In 1948, he legally changed his name to Mozart Camargo Guarnieri, but continued to sign only the initial of his first name. One of his brothers was named Rossine (a Portuguese misspelling"
"Mozart Distillerie Mozart Distillerie GmbH (established 1954) of Salzburg, Austria, is a maker of chocolate liqueurs. The firm was previously known as H.C. König and Harald König is the Chief Executive and President. The firm has successfully developed a brand based around Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who was born in Salzburg, which emphasises the blending of different elements that make up a liqueur in a similar way to the different parts of a work of music. The firm claims that the Andante from Mozart's String Quartet No. 2 in D major, K. 155 (K. 134a) is played into each batch approximately"
"this publication, Hoffmann began to use the pseudonym E. T. A. Hoffmann, telling people that the ""A"" stood for ""Amadeus"", in homage to the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–91). However, he continued to use Wilhelm in official documents throughout his life, and the initials E. T. W. also appear on his gravestone. The next year, he was employed at the Bamberg Theatre as stagehand, decorator, and playwright, while also giving private music lessons. He became so enamored of a young singing student, Julia Marc, that his feelings were obvious whenever they were together, and Julia's mother quickly found her a"
"in his Mozart biography, summarizes many of the facts given above and concludes: ""Mozart, by modern criteria Austrian, counted himself a German composer."" Mozart's nationality This article discusses the nationality of the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791). The two main labels that have been used to describe Mozart's nationality are ""Austrian"" and ""German"". However, in Mozart's own time, these terms were used differently from the way they are used today, because the modern nation states of Austria and Germany did not yet exist. Any decision to label Mozart as ""Austrian"" or ""German"" (or neither) involves political boundaries, history, language, culture,"
"Johann Georg Mozart Johann Georg Mozart (4 May 1679 – 19 February 1736) was a bookbinder who lived in Augsburg, Germany, in the 17th and 18th centuries. He was the father of Leopold Mozart and the grandfather of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Johann Georg was the son of Franz Mozart, a master mason. However, Johann Georg pursued a different career, becoming a master bookbinder. He evidently advanced his career when he married Anna Maria Banegger, widow of his former master, and thus obtained his old master's guild license. His first wife bore him no children and died in 1718. His second"
"Mozarteum University Salzburg The Mozarteum University Salzburg (German: Universität Mozarteum Salzburg), also known simply as Mozarteum Salzburg, is a university in Salzburg municipality, Austria, which specializes in music and the dramatic arts. It was named after Salzburg native Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The predecessor of the Mozarteum Orchestra of Salzburg was the ""Cathedral Music Association and Mozarteum"", founded in 1841 through the energies of Mozart's widow Constanze Weber Mozart. Its purpose was the ""refinement of musical taste with regard to sacred music as well as concerts"". Through the 19th century, the concerts of the orchestra, officially named the ""Mozarteum Orchestra"" in"
"Karl Thomas Mozart Karl Thomas Mozart (21 September 1784 – 31 October 1858) was the second son, and the elder of the two surviving sons, of Wolfgang and Constanze Mozart. The other was Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart. Karl was born in Vienna. His schooling, in Prague, was under Franz Xaver Niemetschek and František Xaver Dušek, and he became a gifted pianist. Before he finished his schooling, however, he left for Livorno in 1797 to begin his apprenticeship with a trading firm. He planned to open a piano store in the following years, but the project failed for lack of funds."
"Salzburg (1737); hence there was no contact between grandmother and grandson during the period their lives overlapped. Another son of Johann Georg, Franz Aloys Mozart (1727–1791), remained in Augsburg and followed his father's career as a bookbinder (he also occasionally published religious tracts). He was the father of Maria Anna Thekla Mozart, Wolfgang's first cousin and friend. Johann Georg Mozart Johann Georg Mozart (4 May 1679 – 19 February 1736) was a bookbinder who lived in Augsburg, Germany, in the 17th and 18th centuries. He was the father of Leopold Mozart and the grandfather of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Johann Georg"
"her 58-year-old daughter died. Both were buried in the municipal cemetery in Bayreuth, but the graves can no longer be found. In the course of the years, two memorial plates were placed, one at the Old Coaching House, the other at the entrance of the municipal cemetery. Maria Anna Thekla Mozart Maria Anna Thekla Mozart (September 25, 1758 – January 25, 1841), called ""Marianne"", known as Bäsle (""little cousin""), was the cousin of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. She was born in Augsburg, Germany, the third (and only surviving one) of five daughters of Franz Alois Mozart, a younger brother of Leopold"
"Linley, born the same year as Wolfgang, and the organist prodigy Joseph Siegmund Bachmann. Mozart eventually became recognised among prodigies as the future standard for early success and promise. Of seven children born to Leopold and Anna Maria Mozart, only the fourth, Maria Anna (Nannerl), born 31 July 1751, and the youngest, Wolfgang Amadeus, born 27 January 1756, survived infancy. The children were educated at home, under Leopold's guidance, learning basic skills in reading, writing, drawing and arithmetic, together with some history and geography. Their musical education was aided by exposure to the constant rehearsing and playing of Leopold and"
"Gluck, and in 2016 she sang Maria in Leonard Bernstein's ""West Side Story"". Salzburg Festival The Salzburg Festival () is a prominent festival of music and drama established in 1920. It is held each summer (for five weeks starting in late July) in the Austrian town of Salzburg, the birthplace of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. One highlight is the annual performance of the play ""Jedermann"" (""Everyman"") by Hugo von Hofmannsthal. Since 1967, an annual Salzburg Easter Festival has also been held, organized by a separate organization. Music festivals had been held in Salzburg at irregular intervals since 1877 held by the"
"to Constanze Weber, dated August 3, 1782, where the composer's signature is ""Wolfgang Amade Mozart"". In the parish register entry for the marriage, dated August 4, Mozart is referred to as ""Herr Wolfgang Adam Mozart"". Mozart spelled ""Amadè"" variously in regard to the accent on the final letter. Robert Spaethling, who translated many of the composer's letters, writes, ""[Mozart] is especially nonchalant in his placement of Italian and French accents: sometime he writes 'chèr papa', at other times 'chér papa,' and even his own name appears variously as 'Amadé', 'Amadè', and plain 'Amade'."" As a web search indicates, modern usage"
"point his many contributions to the Society's charitable concerts over the years led the Society to make him an honorary member. Mozart attempted to become a member in 1785, around the time his ""Davidde Penitente"" was performed by the Society (see below). His application procedure stalled because of the requirement that Mozart produce his birth certificate (he had been born in faraway Salzburg, making it harder to do so). Mozart promised twice to provide it but never did. His dilatoriness was unwise, since when he died in 1791 he left both many debts and a wife (Constanze Mozart) with two"
"oldest of eight siblings. He married Marie ""Mietze"" Klaus in 1902. They had a daughter Margarete Schück in 1903 and a son Wolfgang Schück (named after Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) in 1905. Sembach's family was quite musical, and as a young man he trained to be a singer. He was naturally a baritone, but trained himself to also sing tenor, so that he could qualify for more roles such as Wagner's Lohengrin and Siegfried. By 1910 Sembach and his family were living in Vienna, the music capital of Europe, and Sembach was singing operatic roles. He was a member of the"
"in light of conflicting criteria. Mozart was born in Salzburg, the capital of a small, essentially sovereign state called the Archbishopric of Salzburg. Thus in one sense Mozart's nationality could be said to be ""Salzburgian"", though English-language biographers do not generally use this term to designate his nationality. The Archbishopric of Salzburg was but one of more than 300 similarly independent states in the part of Europe that was populated by German speakers. Most of these states, Salzburg included, were included in a larger political entity, the Holy Roman Empire. The Holy Roman Empire was German in various ways: most"
"the Benedictine University in his hometown of Salzburg. Mozart's father, Leopold, was a notable name at the university, as many of his pupils were enrolled in the university high school, where theater played a large role in the curriculum. Mozart's first encounter with the university was at the age of five on September 1 and 3, 1761, when he appeared as an extra in Jakob Anton Wimmer and Johann Ernst Eberlin's Latin Drama ""Sigismundes Hungariae Rex."" Though Mozart was often involved at the University, he was never enrolled as a student. ""Apollo et Hyacinthus"" was part of a much larger"
"of the will. He also frequently attended events related to his father until his death in Milan in 1858. Like his brother, he neither married nor had children, and the direct Mozart line thus died with him. Karl Thomas Mozart Karl Thomas Mozart (21 September 1784 – 31 October 1858) was the second son, and the elder of the two surviving sons, of Wolfgang and Constanze Mozart. The other was Franz Xaver Wolfgang Mozart. Karl was born in Vienna. His schooling, in Prague, was under Franz Xaver Niemetschek and František Xaver Dušek, and he became a gifted pianist. Before he"
"Leopold Demuth Leopold Demuth (real name ""Leopold Pokorny"" (2 November 1861 in Brno – 4 March 1910 in Czernowitz) was a k.k. chamber and opera singer (baritone). Demuth, son of a civil servant, studied at the Vienna Conservatory with Josef Gänsbacher. 1889 he had his debut at the Stadttheater in Halle an der Saale. Afterwards he was engaged in Leipzig and Hamburg. From 1898 until his death he was a member of the Vienna State Opera. Demuth was celebrated in particular for his successfull performances in works by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Giuseppe Verdi and Richard Wagner. Numerous guest performances led"
"similar payments from his employer Nikolaus Esterházy, though he also drew a salary. The patronage system also financed the early travels of the Mozart family. The relationship between patron and artist was not one of social equals. An 1801 letter of Haydn to van Swieten, by then his longtime collaborator, used no second person pronouns, instead addressing the Baron as ""Your Excellency""; presumably this reflected their everyday practice. Van Swieten first met Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1768, when he was 35 years old and Mozart a boy of 11. The Mozart family was visiting Vienna, hoping to achieve further fame"
"Josepha Duschek Josepha Duschek (1754–1824) was an outstanding soprano of the Classical era. She was a friend of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, who wrote a few works for her to sing. Her name is most often given in its German version as above. In Czech her name was Josefína Dušková or (with Germanized spelling) Josepha Duschkova. She was born Josepha Hambacher in Prague, then a provincial capital of the Austrian Empire, on 6 March 1754, and lived in Prague all of her life. Her father was a prosperous apothecary, Anton Adalbert Hambacher (also ""Hampacher"") and her mother was Maria Domenica Colomba,"
"Amandus Ivanschiz Amandus (Matthias Leopold) Ivanschiz (bapt. 24 December 1727 – 1758) was an Austrian composer of the early classical period and a member of the Pauline order. Other spellings of his surname adopted in Slavic musicological literature (""Ivančić"" or ""Ivančič"") are not evidenced in historical accounts. His father came from the village of Baumgarten (presently in the Austrian Burgenland) inhabited by the Croatian minority. Matthias Leopold was baptized on December 24, 1727 in Wiener Neustadt. He entered the Pauline order in his hometown and choose the name of Amandus likely by the end of 1742. After his novitiate in"
"ownership. In 1703, the house came into the ownership of the Hagenauer family who had arrived in Salzburg around 1670. Specifically they included Joseph Matin Hagenauer and Johann Laurenz Hagenauer who became Mozart's landlord. After marrying Anna Maria Pertl on 21 November 1747, Leopold Mozart rented the apartment on the third floor which consisted of a kitchen, a small cabinet, a living-room, a bedroom and an office. It was their residence until 1773 and their seven children were born here; only two, Maria Anna and Wolfgang Amadeus, survived. Leopold Mozart was in constant touch through letters with his landlord during"
"father, Fridolin Weber, worked as a ""double bass player, prompter, and music copyist."" Fridolin's half-brother was the father of composer Carl Maria von Weber. Constanze had two older sisters, Josepha and Aloysia, and one younger one, Sophie. All four were trained as singers and Josepha and Aloysia both went on to distinguished musical careers, later on performing in the premieres of a number of Mozart's works. During most of Constanze's upbringing, the family lived in her mother's hometown of Mannheim, an important cultural, intellectual, and musical center of the time. The 21-year-old Mozart visited Mannheim in 1777 on a job-hunting"
"Adélaïde Concerto The Adélaïde Concerto is the nickname of a Violin Concerto in D major attributed to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and given the catalogue number K. Anh. 294a in the third edition of the standard Köchel catalogue of Mozart's works. Unknown until the 20th century, this concerto was later discovered to be a spurious work by Marius Casadesus. It was given a new number in the sixth edition of the Köchel catalogue, K. Anh.C 14.05, as part of the Anhang C designated for spurious or doubtful works which have been attributed to Mozart at some time. First published in 1933"