"Sultana (title) Sultana or sultanah (; "") is a female royal title, and a feminine form of the word sultan. This term has been officially used for female monarchs in some Islamic states, and historically it was also used for sultan's consorts. Nevertheless, westerners have also used the title to refer to Muslim women monarchs and sultan's women relatives who do not hold this title officially. The term sultana is a feminine form of the word sultan (), an Arabic abstract noun meaning ""strength"", ""authority"", ""rulership"", derived from the verbal noun "", meaning ""authority"" or ""power"". Later, sultan came to"
"title ""hatun"", equivalent to ""lady"". This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative. Nevertheless, westerners often translated their official title, ""sultan"", to ""sultana"", possibly to distinguish them from the Ottoman ruler. Sultana (title) Sultana or sultanah (; "") is a female royal title, and a feminine form of the word sultan. This term has been officially used for female monarchs in some Islamic states, and historically it was also used for sultan's consorts. Nevertheless, westerners have also used the title to refer to Muslim women monarchs and sultan's women relatives who do not hold this title"
"a feminine form of the word ""malik"", for their wives. This title is still used in many Muslim kingdoms, like Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Since 16th century, Ottoman used the title ""sultan"" for imperial princesses after their given names (e.g. Mihrimah Sultan and Hatice Sultan). They were all non-ruling royalty; in the western sense, princesses, not queens or empresses. The monarch's mother, who had more power, had the title Valide Sultan (e.g. Hafsa Sultan). She was referred to by this title alone, without her given name. Principal consort had the title Haseki Sultan (e.g. Hürrem Sultan). Non-principal consorts had the"
"hold this title are In the west, the title of sultana is also used to refer to many female Muslim monarchs who don't hold this title officially. In medieval Egypt, Shajar al-Durr, a former slave of Turkic origin, ascended the throne in 1250. Although several sources assert that she took the title of sultana, ""The Cambridge History of Islam"" disputes the claim, stating that ""a feminine form, sultana, does not exist in Arabic: the title ""sulṭān"" appears on Shajar al-Durr's only extant coin."" Raziya al-Din, usually referred to in history as Razia Sultana, was the Sultan of Delhi in India"
"title of sons of princesses are ""sultanzade"" and daughters of princesses are ""hanimsultan"". The title of the consorts of princesses are called ""damat"". ""Sultana"", a title which usually referred to female sultans relative to Westerners, does not exist in the Ottoman language. Nevertheless, westerners often translated their official title, sultan, to sultana, possibly to distinguish them from the Ottoman sovereign. Şehzade Şehzade (Ottoman Turkish: شهزاده) is the Turkish form of the Persian title ""Shahzade"", and refers to the male descendants of an Ottoman sovereign in the male line. This title is equivalent to ""prince of the blood imperial"" in English."
"or lady), the feminine word of ""sayyid"" (Master or Lord). However, while the title Al-hurra was given to women as an alternative to the titles ""malika"" (Queen), ""Sultana"" (female sultan) and ""Sitt"", (Lady), there was no exact male equivalent to the title of al-hurra. The title Al-hurra was often granted to women who wielded political power, but did not necessarily mean they were sovereigns: Alam al-Malika and Sayyida al Hurra, for example, bore this title. Both had political offices; not as sovereigns, but as political adviser and governor respectively. Al-hurra Al-hurra or al hurra (etymologically: 'Free Woman') was an Arabic"
"Two women held the title of sultana during the short-lived Sultanate of Egypt: Melek Tourhan, the wife of Sultan Hussein Kamel, and Nazli Sabri, the wife of Sultan Fuad I. Nazli Sabri became queen (""malika"") following the establishment of the Kingdom of Egypt in 1922, and it is with the latter title that she is almost always associated. Melek Tourhan, on the other hand, legally retained the title of sultana even after Egypt became a kingdom, and is often referred to simply as Sultana Melek. Sultana is also title for consort of ruler in some Malaysian states. Some consorts who"
"elevated imperial status derived from the fact that she was the mother of a potential future sultan. Kadın: Among the women of the Imperial Harem, the Kadın is the woman (or women) who have given the Sultan a child, preferably a son. Kadin was equivalent to a wife. The first/most senior consorts were called Baş Kadın or Birinci Kadin. A sultan did not have more than 4 Kadin (same law used for legal wives in Islam) Their position as the possible mother of a future Sultan gives them much influence and power in the harem. Ikbal: Beneath the Kadın was"
"and also by some historians. However she is mostly referred to as ""Mahidevran Kadın"" (""Lady Mahidevran"") by popular authors and historians. Some historians have referred to her as ""Mahidevran Hatun"". According to Leslie P. Peirce, prior to the creation of the title Haseki Sultan for Hürrem Sultan, all the Ottoman consorts carried an alternative royal title, ""Hatun"". Also according to Peirce, during the 16th century (Suleiman's reign), the title Hatun for a Valide (mother of the Sultan) and the Sultan's favorite or chief consorts changed to Sultan (referred to as Sultana in western literature to distinguish between male and female).."
"rulers, generally rendered in Arabic and in western languages as Sultan: This was the native ruler's title in the Tanzanian state of Uhehe a female sultan In Indonesia (formerly in the Dutch East Indies): In Malaysia: In Brunei: In China: In the Philippines: In Thailand: In some parts of the Middle East and North Africa, there still exist regional sultans or people who are descendants of sultans and who are styled as such. See List of current constituent Asian monarchs and List of current constituent African monarchs By the beginning of the 16th century, the title sultan was carried by"
"include: By the beginning of the 16th century, the title hatun for sultan's mother, princesses, and sultan's main consort was replaced by ""sultan"" and they started to carry it after their given names. This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative. Consequently, the title valide hatun also turned into valide sultan. Hatun Hatun ( ""khātūn"") is a Persian-Turkish name (Originally from Eastern Iranian language, Sogdian) and used as an honorific for women during the Ottoman period. In the Ottoman period, the term ""hatun"" was used as an honorific for women, roughly equivalent to the English term"
"be used as the title of certain rulers who claimed almost full sovereignty in practical terms (i.e., the lack of dependence on any higher ruler), albeit without claiming the overall caliphate, or to refer to a powerful governor of a province within the caliphate. Some Muslim female monarchs chose to adopt the title of Sultana/Sultanah when they ascended to the throne. In the former Kingdom of Touggourt, now part of Algeria, there was one ruling sultana: Aïsha. In Samudera Pasai Sultanate (now part of Indonesia), Sultana Seri Ratu Nihrasyiah Rawangsa Khadiyu (r. 1406-1427) became the sole ruler. In Aceh Darussalam"
"Halime Sultan Halime Sultan () was a consort of Sultan Mehmed III, and the mother of Sultan Mustafa I and the Valide Sultan as well as a regent of the Ottoman empire. She had four children with Mehmed: Şehzade Mahmud, Mustafa I, and two daughter. She was de facto-co-ruler as Valide Sultan from 22 November 1617 to 26 February 1618 and from 19 May 1622 to 10 September 1623 . She is one of powerful woman of the Ottoman Empire. Halime was also one of the eminent figures during the era known as the Sultanate of Women. Halime lived in"
"Sayyid Sayyid (also spelt Syed, Saiyed, Seyit, Seyd, Said, Sayed, Sayyed, Saiyid, Seyed and Seyyed) ( , ; meaning ""Mister""; plural ) is an honorific title denoting people ( for females) accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his cousin Imam Ali through his grandsons, Imam Hasan ibn Ali and Imam Husayn ibn Ali (combined Hasnain), sons of Muhammad's daughter Fatimah and son-in-law Ali (Ali ibn Abi Talib). Female ""sayyids"" are given the titles ""Sayyida"", ""Syeda"", ""Alawiyah"" or ""Sharifa"". In some regions of the Islamic world, such as in India, the descendants of Muhammad are given the title"
"Sultan. Most harem women who were slaves were never formally married to the sultans. Nevertheless, their children were considered fully legitimate under Islamic law if recognized by the father. However , only very few harem women who became Valide Sultans upon their son's ascension to the throne were indeed freed from slavery and married to their spouses , the former Ottoman Sultans. These Sultanas were Nurbanu Sultan , Kösem Sultan and Rabia Gülnuş Sultan. The list does not include the complete list of mothers of the Ottoman sultans. Most who held the title of valide sultan were the biological mothers"
"reigning sultan who assumed the title Valide Sultan. The word ""valide"" (والده) literally means ""mother"" in Ottoman Turkish, from Arabic. The Turkish pronunciation of the word ""valide"" is . Sultan (سلطان) is an Arabic word originally meaning ""authority"" or ""dominion"". By the beginning of the 16th century, this title, carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty, was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably ""hatun"" for women and ""bey"" for men). Consequently, the title ""valide hatun"" (title for living mother of reigning Ottoman sultan before 16th century) also turned"
"name, with imperial princesses carrying it after. Example, Şehzade Sultan Mehmed and Mihrimah Sultan, son and daughter of Suleiman the Magnificent. Like imperial princesses, living mother and main consort of reigning sultan also carried the title after their given names, for example, Ayşe Hafsa Sultan, Suleiman's mother and first valide sultan, and Hürrem Sultan, Suleiman's chief consort and first haseki sultan. The evolving usage of this title reflected power shifts among imperial women, especially between Sultanate of Women, as the position of main consort eroded over the course of 17th century, the main consort lost the title ""sultan"", which replaced"
"Sultana's Dream Sultana's Dream is a 1905 feminist utopian story written by Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain, a Muslim feminist, writer and social reformer from Bengal. It was published in the same year in Madras based English periodical ""The Indian Ladies Magazine"". The word ""sultana"" here means a female sultan, a . It depicts a feminist utopia (called Ladyland) in which women run everything and men are secluded, in a mirror-image of the traditional practice of ""purdah"". The women are aided by science fiction-esque ""electrical"" technology which enables laborless farming and flying cars; the women scientists have discovered how to trap solar"
"Khatun Khatun (, ""khātūn""; Mongolian: , khatun, хатан khatan; ', plural '; ; Sylheti: ꠈꠣꠔꠥꠘ ; ) is a female title of nobility and counterpart to ""khan"" or ""Khagan"" prominently used in the Turkic Khaganate and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. It is equivalent to ""queen regnant"" or ""empress regnant"", approximately. Before the advent of Islam in Central Asia, Khatun was the title of the queen of Bukhara. According to the Encyclopaedia of Islam, ""Khatun [is] a title of Sogdian origin borne by the wives and female relatives of the T'u-chüeh and subsequent Turkish rulers."" Peter Benjamin Golden observed that"
"from 1236 to May 1240. Like some other princesses of the time, she was trained to lead armies and administer kingdoms if necessary. She was the first female ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. She refused to be addressed as Sultana because it meant ""wife or consort of a Sultan"" and would answer only to the title ""Sultan."" Like Shajar al-Durr, Raziya was also often referred as sultana by westerners, very possible to distinguish her from male sultans. Sultana was also often used to refer to women relatives of a sultan and other Muslim monarch or female members of Muslim dynasties,"
"main consort of reigning sultans also carried the title after their given names, for example, Hafsa Sultan, Suleiman’s mother and first valide sultan, and Hürrem Sultan, Suleiman’s chief consort and first haseki sultan. The evolving usage of this title reflected power shifts among imperial women, especially between Sultanate of Women, as the position of main consort eroded over the course of 17th century, the main consort lost the title ""sultan"", which replaced by ""kadin"", a title related to the earlier ""khatun"". Henceforth, the mother of the reigning sultan was the only person of non imperial blood to carry the title"
"Valide sultan Valide sultan (, lit. ""mother sultan"") was the title held by the ""legal mother"" of a ruling Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The title was first used in the 16th century for Hafsa Sultan, consort of Selim I and mother of Suleiman the Magnificent, superseding the previous title of ""mehd-i ulya"" (""cradle of the great""). Normally, this title was held by the living mother of a reigning sultan. The mothers who died before their sons' accession to the throne were never bestowed with the title of Valide Sultan. In special cases, there were grandmothers and stepmothers of a"
"Sultanate of Women The Sultanate of Women () was the nearly 130-year period during the 16th and 17th centuries when the women of the Imperial Harem of the Ottoman Empire exerted extraordinary political influence over state matters and over the (male) Ottoman sultan, starting from the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. Many of the Sultans during this time were minors and it was their mothers, the Valide Sultans, or their wives, the Haseki Sultans, who effectively ruled the Empire. Most of these women were of slave origin, which was often the case in general for consorts of Ottoman sultans. The"
"Sultanate of Women The Sultanate of Women () was the nearly 130-year period during the 16th and 17th centuries when the women of the Imperial Harem of the Ottoman Empire exerted extraordinary political influence over state matters and over the (male) Ottoman sultan, starting from the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent. Many of the Sultans during this time were minors and it was their mothers, the Valide Sultans, or their wives, the Haseki Sultans, who effectively ruled the Empire. Most of these women were of slave origin, which was often the case in general for consorts of Ottoman sultans. The"
"Ottoman Sultan consisted chiefly of purchased slaves. Because Islamic law forbade Muslims to enslave fellow Muslims, the Sultan's concubines were generally of Christian origin. The mother of a Sultan, though technically a slave, received the extremely powerful title of ""Valide Sultan"", and at times became effective ruler of the Empire (see Sultanate of women). One notable example was Kösem Sultan, daughter of a Greek Christian priest, who dominated the Ottoman Empire during the early decades of the 17th century. Intermarriage with non-European populations began as early as the Agricultural Revolution. Researchers have found that a majority of British males have"
"Muslim history, examples of notable female Muslims who fought during the Muslim conquests and Fitna (civil wars) as soldiers or generals included Nusaybah Bint k’ab Al Maziniyyah, Aisha, Kahula and Wafeira, and Um Umarah. Sabat M. Islambouli (1867-1941) was one of the first Syrian female physicians. She was a Kurdish Jew from Syria. There have been many highly respected female leaders in Muslim history, such as Shajar al-Durr (13th century) in Egypt, Asma bint Shihab (d. 1087) in Yemen and Razia Sultana (13th century) in Delhi. In the modern era there have also been examples of female leadership in Muslim"
"Sultan (given name). Bey (Ottoman Turkish: باي) is a Turkish title for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders (for men) of small tribal groups. Effendi, Effendy, or Efendi (Ottoman Turkish: افندي) is a title of nobility meaning a Lord or Master. The official style of sons of sultanzades was simply ""bey"", i.e. ""sir"" after their name and daughters of sultanzades was simply ""hanım"", i,e. ""madam"" after their name. This all titles are still used by Osmanoğlu family. The feminime equivalent title is ""hanımsultan"" (Ottoman Turkish: خانم سلطان), from the title ""hanım"", Turkish form of the Mongolian title ""khanum"", feminime equivalent"
"the title of Hanımefendi. The İkbâls were the women singled out as favorite companions of the Sultan who were in line for promotion to the rank of Kadınefendi, on the death or divorce of one of the latter. The Hanımefendis sometime became the mothers of the Sultans children and after their death their children were given to Kadınefendis to raise. In modern Turkish, ""hanımefendi"" is a spoken form of address for a woman whose name is not known, much like ""madam"" in English. The male equivalent in this context is ""beyefendi"". The İkbâls of Sultans were ranked and styled as:"
"Mihrişah Sultan Mihrişah Sultan (also spelled Mihr-i Şāh; 1745 – 16 October 1805), known as ""the Georgian Beauty"", was the consort to Ottoman Sultan Mustafa III, and the mother of Sultan Selim III and his de facto co-regent (as the Valide Sultan) for sixteen years from 1789 until 1805. Of ethnic Georgian origin, she was the daughter of a Georgian Orthodox priest. Her given name is believed to have been Agnès (). She was beautiful, and was called ""the Georgian Beauty"" (). She received the name ""Mihr-î-Şah"", meaning ""Sun of the king"". She is described as a willing protagonist of"
"Kösem Sultan Kösem Sultan (, ) (' 1589 – 2 September 1651) – also known as Mahpeyker Sultan""' (; ""Māh-peyker"") – was one of the most powerful women in Ottoman history and was arguably the most powerful sultan (empress) in the ottoman dynasty. Kösem achieved power and influenced the politics of the Ottoman Empire when she became Haseki Sultan as favourite consort and later legal wife of Ottoman Sultan Ahmed I (r. 1603–1617) and Valide Sultan as mother of Murad IV (r. 1623–1640) and Ibrahim (r. 1640–1648), and grandmother of Mehmed IV (r. 1648–1687). She was one of the prominent"
"or one of his viziers, ministers or other court officials. The Harem was a small world in itself. Often the mother of the current sultan (Valide Sultan) was a politically influential person. She also selected the concubines for her son. The concubines could live in or around the palace for their entire life, and it supported them with whatever they needed. Women not found suitable for the sultan were married off to eligible bachelors from the Ottoman nobility or sent back home. Female servants did all the chores such as serving food and making the beds. Şeyhülislam: The Şeyhülislam (the"
"Mihrimah Sultan Mihrimah Sultan (, ) ( 1522 – 25 January 1578) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and his legal wife, Hürrem Sultan. She was the most powerful imperial princess in Ottoman history and one of the prominent figures during the Sultanate of Women. Mihrimah Sultan's name means ""Sun "" (lit. clemency, compassion, endearment, affection)"" and Moon"". To Westerners, she was known as ""Cameria"". Her portrait by Cristofano dell'Altissimo entitled as ""Cameria Solimani"". Other Ottoman imperial princesses who also named “Mihrimah” and also Mihrimah Sultan's close relative were: Mihrimah was born in Istanbul"
"exact title such a person would assume has not been clarified by royal lineage experts. In the Ottoman Empire, Valide sultan () or Sultana mother was the title held by the mother of a ruling Sultan. The title was first used in the 16th century for Hafsa Sultan, consort of Selim I and mother of Suleiman the Magnificent, superseding the previous title of ""mehd-i ülya"" (""cradle of the great""). The Turkish pronunciation of the word ""Valide"" is . The position was perhaps the most important position in the Ottoman Empire after the sultan himself. As the mother to the sultan,"