"the good quires (""insides""). These outside quires were known as ""cassie quires"" (from Fr. ""cassée"", ""broken""), or ""cording quires"" and had only 20 sheets to the quire. The printer William Caslon in a book published in 1770 mentions both 24- and 25-sheet quires; he also details printer's wastage, and the sorting and recycling of damaged ""cassie"" quires. An 1826 French manual on typography complained that cording quires (usually containing some salvageable paper) from the Netherlands barely contained a single good sheet. It also became the name for any booklet small enough to be made from a single quire of paper."
"Units of paper quantity Various measures of paper quantity have been and are in use. Although there are no S.I. units such as quires and bales, there are ISO and DIN standards for the ream. Expressions used here include U.S. Customary units. A quire of paper is a measure of paper quantity. The usual meaning is 25 sheets of the same size and quality: of a ream of 500 sheets. Quires of 25 sheets are often used for machine-made paper, while quires of 24 sheets are often used for handmade or specialised paper of 480-sheet reams. (As an old UK"
"and US measure, in some sources, a quire was originally 24 sheets.) Quires of 15, 18 or 20 sheets have also been used, depending on the type of paper. The current word ""quire"" derives from OE ""quair"" or ""guaer"", from OF ""quayer"", ""cayer"", (cf. modern Fr. ""cahier""), from L. ""quaternum"", ""by fours"", ""fourfold"". Later, when bookmaking switched to using paper and it became possible to easily stitch 5 to 7 sheets at a time, the association of ""quaire"" with ""four"" was quickly lost. In the Middle Ages, a quire (also called a ""gathering"") was most often formed of 4 folded"
"Simon Winchester, in ""The Surgeon of Crowthorne"", cites a specific number, defining quire as ""a booklet eight pages thick."" Several European words for quire keep the meaning of ""book of paper"": Ger. ""Buch von Papier"", Dan. ""bog papir"", Du. ""bock papier"". In blankbook binding, ""quire"" is a term indicating 80 pages. A ream of paper is a quantity of sheets of the same size and quality. International standards organizations define the ream as 500 identical sheets. This ream of 500 sheets (20 quires of 25 sheets) is also known as a 'long' ream, and is gradually replacing the old value"
"Interquartile range In descriptive statistics, the interquartile range (IQR), also called the midspread or middle 50%, or technically H-spread, is a measure of statistical dispersion, being equal to the difference between 75th and 25th percentiles, or between upper and lower quartiles, IQR = ""Q"" − ""Q"". In other words, the IQR is the first quartile subtracted from the third quartile; these quartiles can be clearly seen on a box plot on the data. It is a trimmed estimator, defined as the 25% trimmed range, and is a commonly used robust measure of scale. The IQR is a measure of variability,"
"Quality of experience Quality of Experience (QoE, less frequently QoX or QX) is a measure of the delight or annoyance of a customer's experiences with a service (e.g., web browsing, phone call, TV broadcast). QoE focuses on the entire service experience; it is a holistic concept, similar to the field of User Experience, but with its roots in telecommunication. QoE is an emerging multidisciplinary field based on social psychology, cognitive science, economics, and engineering science, focused on understanding overall human quality requirements. In 2013, within the context of the COST Action ""QUALINET"", QoE has been defined as:The degree of delight"
"(bushel) = 36.368 l 1 medimno = 75.05 l 1 kartos = 4 oke 1 kouza = 8 oke 1 gomari = 128 oke (used for grain too). Cypriot units of measurement A number of different units of measurement were used in Cyprus to measure quantities like length, mass, area and capacity. Before the Metric system, the British system was used. In between 1972-1974, metric system was adopted in Cyprus. A number of units were used with British system. One pic is equel to 2 foot (0.6096 m) as an accepted equivalence. A number of units were used to measure"
"Quality of results Quality of Results (QoR) is a term used in evaluating technological processes. It is generally represented as a vector of components, with the special case of uni-dimensional value as a synthetic measure. The term was coined by the Electronic Design Automation (EDA) industry in the late 1980s. QoR was meant to be an indicator of the performance of integrated circuits (chips), and initially measured the area and speed of a chip. As the industry evolved, new chip parameters were considered for coverage by the QoR, illustrating new areas of focus for chip designers (for example power dissipation,"
"Quiver A quiver is a container for holding arrows, bolts, or darts. It can be carried on an archer's body, the bow, or the ground, depending on the type of shooting and the archer's personal preference. Quivers were traditionally made of leather, wood, furs, and other natural materials, but are now often made of metal or plastic. The most common style of quiver is a flat or cylindrical container suspended from the belt. They are found across many cultures from North America to China. Many variations of this type exist, such as being canted forwards or backwards, and being carried"
"rates or average throughput). QoS measurement is most of the time not related to a customer, but to the media or network itself. QoE however is a purely subjective measure from the user’s perspective of the overall quality of the service provided, by capturing people’s aesthetic and hedonic needs. QoE looks at a vendor's or purveyor's offering from the standpoint of the customer or end user, and asks, ""What mix of goods, services, and support, do you think will provide you with the perception that the total product is providing you with the experience you desired and/or expected?"" It then"
"Eritrean units of measurement A number of units of measurement were used in Eritrea to measure length, mass, capacity, etc. In addition to metric units, a number of local and provincial units were used in Eritrea. Several units were used to measure length. Some of units (note: these units are vary from one province or city to another and these units are local units) are given below: 1 cubi = 0.32 m 1 emmet (1 derah) = 0.46 m. Several units were used to measure mass. These units are vary from one province or city to another and these units"
"Quantitative Invisibility In CAD/CAM, quantitative invisibility (QI) is the number of solid bodies that obscure a point in space as projected onto a plane. Often, CAD engineers project a model into a plane (a 2D drawing) in order to denote edges that are visible with a solid line, and those that are hidden with dashed or dimmed lines. Tracking the number of obscuring bodies gave rise to an algorithm that propagates the quantitative invisibility throughout the model. This technique uses edge coherence to speed calculations in the algorithm. However, QI really only works well when bodies are larger solids, non-interpenetrating,"
"Guinean units of measurement A number of units of measurement were used in Guinea to measure length, mass, etc. Since 1910, the metric system has been compulsory in Guinea. These units were mainly Portugal, England and local. Several units were used to measure length. Some of units are provided below: 1 pik = 0.578 m 1 jacktan = 3.658 m. A number of units were used to measure mass. One benda was equal to 0.0642 kg. One kantar was equal to 0.977 kg. One gammell was 1/5 kantar. Some other units are given below: 1 akey = 1/48 benda 1"
"International System of Quantities The International System of Quantities (ISQ) is a system based on seven base quantities: length, mass, time, electric current, thermodynamic temperature, amount of substance, and luminous intensity. Other quantities such as area, pressure, and electrical resistance are derived from these base quantities by clear, non-contradictory equations. The ISQ defines the quantities that are measured with the SI units and also includes many other quantities in modern science and technology. The ISQ is defined in the international standard ISO/IEC 80000, and was finalised in 2009 with the publication of ISO 80000-1. The 14 parts of ISO/IEC 80000"
"still in use in Malta, Calabria and Sicily and is also used to measure olive oil. It generally measures 16-17 litres. Formerly a same name unit of measurement (aka cafesse) was used to measure the grain. Traditionally, qafiz, also denoted a unit for measuring land, equaling 360 square dhira' (sq. cubits). Qafiz Qafiz ( from Aramaic qpīzā from Ancient Greek καπίθη from Persian kabīz) is a traditional Arabian unit of measure for several quantities including volume, weight and area which took several different values depending on the time and region. The oldest accurate information about it is that of the"
"measure dry capacity. Some units are given below: 1 quarteron (divided into 1/4 and 1/16) = 10 emine = 15 l (0.4257 bushel) 1 double quarteron = 2 quarteron 1 sac = 10 quarteron. Quarteron is the volume of 30 livre of pure water at 4° Celsius. Quarteron was equal to 5/9 of a cubic pied. Several units were used to measure dry capacity. Some units are given below: 1 sctier = 25 pot 1 muid = 4 setiers 1 pot = 1.5 l (1.585 quarts). Pot was the bulk of 3 livres weight of pure water at the temperature"
"= 1/576 feddan 1 kirat kamel = 1/24 feddan 1 feddan masri = 1 feddan. Squares of derah and cassaba (3.55 m) was used to partly measure lands. Two main systems, liquid and dry were used in Egypt. One guirbeh was equal to 70.4467 quarts (66 2/3 litres). A number of units were used to measure capacity. One keddah was equal to 2.0625 l, according to the metric equivalences defined in 1891. Some other units according to the metric equivalences defined in 1891 are given below: 1 kirat = 1/32 keddah 1 khanoubah = 1/16 keddah 1 toumnah = 1/8"
"Outliers here are defined as observations that fall below Q1 − 1.5 IQR or above Q3 + 1.5 IQR. In a boxplot, the highest and lowest occurring value within this limit are indicated by ""whiskers"" of the box (frequently with an additional bar at the end of the whisker) and any outliers as individual points. Interquartile range In descriptive statistics, the interquartile range (IQR), also called the midspread or middle 50%, or technically H-spread, is a measure of statistical dispersion, being equal to the difference between 75th and 25th percentiles, or between upper and lower quartiles, IQR = ""Q"" −"
"Qiru A qiru (also spelled ""kero"", ""quero"", locally also ""qero"") is an ancient Andean drinking vessel used to drink liquids like alcohol, or more specifically, chicha. They can be made from wood, ceramics, silver, or gold. They were traditionally used in Andean feasts. ""Qirus"" were decorated by first cutting a shallow pattern on the surface of the cup, then filling the pattern with a durable, waterproof mixture of plant resin and pigment such as cinnabar. The finely incised lines would meet at intersection points that collaborated to create shapes such as triangles, squares, and diamonds. The shapes are organized in"
"and should remain, a measure of frontend design performance, while QoS should be reserved for analysing the performance of the backend-related flow. However, with front-end designers being increasingly concerned with and involved in various backend stages of the design, a large number of QoS parameters are also being included in the QoR analysis vectors. Quality of results Quality of Results (QoR) is a term used in evaluating technological processes. It is generally represented as a vector of components, with the special case of uni-dimensional value as a synthetic measure. The term was coined by the Electronic Design Automation (EDA) industry"
"Interquartile mean The interquartile mean (IQM) (or midmean) is a statistical measure of central tendency based on the truncated mean of the interquartile range. The IQM is very similar to the scoring method used in sports that are evaluated by a panel of judges: ""discard the lowest and the highest scores; calculate the mean value of the remaining scores"". In calculation of the IQM, only the data in the second and third quartiles is used (as in the interquartile range), and the lowest 25% and the highest 25% of the scores are discarded. These points are called the first and"
"other disciplines, even though world records are catalogued, the one kilometre event remains a minority event. The world records for various sporting disciplines are: Kilometre The kilometre (International spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: km; or ) or kilometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one thousand metres (kilo- being the SI prefix for ). It is now the measurement unit used officially for expressing distances between geographical places on land in most of the world; notable exceptions are the United States and the road network"
"1980s and early 1990s produced confirmatory results: Most recent discourse has focused upon whether redshift surveys of quasars (QSOs) produce evidence of quantization beyond that explainable by selection effect. This has been assisted by advances in cataloging in the late 1990s that have increased substantially the sample sizes involved in astronomical measurements. Historically, K. G. Karlsson and G. R. Burbidge were first to note that quasar redshifts were quantized in accordance with the empirical formula: Where: This predicts periodic redshift peaks at formula_2 = 0.061, 0.30, 0.60, 0.96, 1.41, and 1.9, observed originally in a sample of 600 quasars, verified"
"Respiratory quotient The respiratory quotient (or RQ or respiratory coefficient), is a dimensionless number used in calculations of basal metabolic rate (BMR) when estimated from carbon dioxide production. It is calculated from the ratio of carbon dioxide produced by the body to oxygen consumed by the body. Such measurements, like measurements of oxygen uptake, are forms of indirect calorimetry. It is measured using a respirometer. The Respiratory Quotient value indicates which macronutrients are being metabolized, as different energy pathways are used for fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. A value of 0.7 indicates that lipids are being metabolized, 0.8 for proteins, and"
"measuring with a kite square is once one of the diagonal is aligned to working axis, the displacement deviation on artifacts in other diagonal will appear (if any) as the kite square arms are perpendicular to each other. Kite square A kite square is a device used to measure the ""out-of-squareness"" of a machining center or coordinate measuring machine. “Square-ness” or “Out-of-Square” is one of the critical measurement in machine tool metrology. For rectangular measurements, it refers to angular deviation of working axes between one carriages to another. The value of Monarch VMC was previously found as 4 arc sec."
"sheets of vellum or parchment, i.e. 8 leaves, 16 sides. The term ""quaternion"" (or sometimes ""quaternum"") designates such a quire. A quire made of a single folded sheet (i.e. 2 leaves, 4 sides) is a ""bifolium"" (plural ""bifolia""); a ""binion"" is a quire of two sheets (i.e. 4 leaves, 8 sides); and a ""quinion"" is five sheets (10 leaves, 20 sides). This last meaning is preserved in the modern Italian term for quire, ""quinterno di carta"". Formerly, when paper was packed at the paper mill, the top and bottom quires were made up of slightly damaged sheets (""outsides"") to protect"
"× 17"" and smaller is packaged and sold as bundles of 25 pounds. A paper bale is a quantity of sheets of paper, currently standardized as 5,000 sheets. A bale consists of 5 bundles, 10 reams or 200 quires. As an old UK and US measure, it was previously equal to 4800 sheets. Units of paper quantity Various measures of paper quantity have been and are in use. Although there are no S.I. units such as quires and bales, there are ISO and DIN standards for the ream. Expressions used here include U.S. Customary units. A quire of paper is"
"median absolute deviation (MAD). The median is the corresponding measure of central tendency. The IQR can be used to identify outliers (see below). Quartiles are calculated recursively, by using median. If the number of entries is an even number ""2n"", then the ""first quartile Q"" is defined as and the ""third quartile Q"" = median of the ""n"" largest entries If the number of entries is an odd number ""2n+1"", then the ""first quartile Q"" is defined as and the ""third quartile Q"" = median of the ""n"" largest entries The ""second quartile Q"" is the same as the ordinary"
"in which the SI units are defined are now referred to as the ""International System of Quantities"" (ISQ). The system is based on the quantities underlying each of the seven base units of the SI. Other quantities, such as area, pressure, and electrical resistance, are derived from these base quantities by clear non-contradictory equations. The ISQ defines the quantities that are measured with the SI units. The ISQ is defined in the international standard ISO/IEC 80000, and was finalised in 2009 with the publication of ISO 80000-1. Metrologists carefully distinguish between the definition of a unit and its realisation. The"
"beginnings of this new association. The USQA unified a specific standard for the 4 Lb quoit. Each regulation set of USQA Quoits includes 4 foundry-cast steel quoits in perfect proportion to the historical Traditional American Quoit. Each quoit weighs 4 pounds and is approximately 6 1/2 inches in diameter, has a 3-inch diameter hole, and stands 1 inch high. The quoits feature a large, concave finger groove along their outer edge to assist in pitching accuracy. The high, rounded top surface of each quoit features a large raised-letter ""A"" or ""B"" and smaller raised lettering ""USQA"" directly opposite the central"
"collation of the original quires is difficult to determine due to the loss of some leaves. In the course of combining bifolios into quires, the medieval bookmakers needed a system by which they could keep the various quires in their proper order. Catchwords eventually became the standard tool for this purpose. The Morgan Beatus, however, does not utilize this technique. Instead, this manuscript makes use of signatures consisting of Roman numerals followed by the letter ""Q"" There are two miniature bearing folios signed in this fashion. Intact quires consist of eight leaves (four bifolios). Most signatures are in the corner"
"Body mass index The body mass index (BMI) or Quetelet index is a value derived from the mass (weight) and height of an individual. The BMI is defined as the body mass divided by the square of the body height, and is universally expressed in units of kg/m, resulting from mass in kilograms and height in metres. The BMI may also be determined using a table or chart which displays BMI as a function of mass and height using contour lines or colours for different BMI categories, and which may use other units of measurement (converted to metric units for"
"Cubic metre The cubic metre (in British English and international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or cubic meter (in American English) is the SI derived unit of volume. Its SI symbol is m. It is the volume of a cube with edges one metre in length. An alternative name, which allowed a different usage with metric prefixes, was the stère, still sometimes used for dry measure (for instance, in reference to wood). Another alternative name, no longer widely used, was the kilolitre. A cubic metre of pure water at the temperature of maximum density"