"to compete sporadically starting in the 1960s and would become regular participants as sorority teams in the mid-1980s. The Hope College Pull is an annual tug-of-war contest held across the Black River in Holland, Michigan on the fourth Saturday after Labor Day. Competitors are 40 members of the freshman and sophomore classes. Two teams of eight, whose total mass must not exceed a maximum weight as determined for the class, align themselves at the end of a rope approximately in circumference. The rope is marked with a ""centre line"" and two markings to either side of the centre line. The"
"a middle line and parallel to that at 2m distance two more. The maximum length of the rope is 32m with a circumference between 10-12.5 cm. There are 5 markers on the rope, a red marker in the middle, 2m away from the red marker on either side are white markers and 5m on either side of those are blue markers. The aim is to get the opposing team's blue marker over your own 2m line. Hands must always be on the rope and you may not support it with any other part of your body or let it slacken."
"teams start with the rope's centre line directly above a line marked on the ground, and once the contest (the ""pull"") has commenced, attempt to pull the other team such that the marking on the rope closest to their opponent crosses the centre line, or the opponents commit a foul. Lowering one's elbow below the knee during a pull, known as ""locking"", is a foul, as is touching the ground for extended periods of time. The rope must go under the arms; actions such as pulling the rope over the shoulders may be considered a foul. These rules apply in"
"mark the widest point at which any play may be initiated; all plays start with the ball on or between the middle pair of hash marks. In professional football these central hash marks are the same width as the goalposts (18 feet, 6 inches wide), in college football they are 40 feet apart and in high school football they are 53 feet, 4 inches apart. In rugby there are four longitudinal dotted lines. Two are marked 5 metres in from the touch lines and two a further ten metres in. These are the 5 metre lines and 15 metre lines"
"the regular field of play and a scoring zone is called the ""goal line"" in Canadian football and the ""try line"" in rugby union. The outer perimeters of both fields are demarcated with sidelines (ends of rugby union field border the scoring zone being called ""dead ball lines"" and longitudinal sides ""touch lines""). The central playing field of rugby is divided into halves by a ""halfway line""; however, when the Canadian football field was marked, the centre line was marked as 55yards or C which stands for centre. Additional lines differ markedly with Canadian football fields marked at every 5"
"to keep the net well stretched. A hook is fixed at 1.5 metres height to each pole to easily tighten the net whenever necessary. The size of the court for ""fives"" teams is 12 metres wide and 24 metres long. It is divided across the middle by a net line over which the net is hung, the ends of which are attached to the tops of the two posts. The serving crease lines are drawn one metre away from each side of the net line and parallel to it. The centre line is drawn halfway between the serving crease lines"
"boundaries are required for the game, but a measure of 12 meters by 24 meters with a ""centerline"" line is usually used to start the game. The equipments needed for the games are as followed: one set of seven numbered white soft balls and another set of seven numbered red soft balls, ten yellow and ten red flags shaped like isosceles right triangles with poles hanging two feet above the ground, nine to fifteen cones to mark the boundary of the game, and one twelve-metered rope used as the ""centerline"". In an official game, two teams play against each other,"
"four lines of three forwards, and into three pairs of defencemen. On occasion, teams may elect to substitute an extra defenceman for a forward. The seventh defenceman may play as a substitute defenceman, spend the game on the bench, or if a team chooses to play four lines then this seventh defenceman may see ice-time on the fourth line as a forward. A professional game consists of three ""periods"" of twenty minutes, the clock running only when the puck is in play. The teams change ends after each period of play, including overtime. Recreational leagues and children's leagues often play"
"is a team sport – related to hockey, hurling, shinty, and bandy – which was first recorded in Wales in the eighteenth century. The game is played on a large level field between teams of up to thirty players each of them equipped with a ""bando"": a curve-ended stick resembling that used in field hockey. Although no formal rules are known, the objective of the game was to strike a ball between two marks which served as goals at either end of the pitch. Popular in Glamorgan in the nineteenth century, the sport all but vanished by the end of"
"team to first win 5 matches (a majority) was declared the winner. Fencing practice and techniques Fencing practice and techniques of modern competitive fencing are governed by the ""Fédération Internationale d'Escrime"" (FIE), though they developed from conventions developed in 18th- and 19th-century Europe to govern fencing as a martial art and a gentlemanly pursuit. The modern weapons for sport fencing are the foil, épée, and sabre. A fencing bout takes place on a strip, or ""piste"", which, according to the current FIE regulations, should be between wide wide and long. There are two en-garde lines (where the fencers stand at"
"diameter. They can weigh as much as 40 tons. They are constructed of twisted rice straw; this choice of material is symbolic, since rice is the staple grain in the areas where ""juldarigi"" is practiced. The construction process is a communal event, reflecting the communal nature of rice cultivation. Two ropes are used, one for each team; they are connected by a wooden beam or stump known as a ""binyeomok"", around three metres long. The rope held by the Eastern team is termed the ""sutjul"" ( ""male rope"") and the Western team hold the ""amjul"" ( ""female rope""). Because of"
"small rectangular marker is located on the sideline, five meters in-field from the scoreline, to indicate the 5 metre line. Each match will be played in two halves of fifteen minutes duration, with a two-minute half-time break. Should scores be level at the conclusion of normal time, the match will proceed into an extra time period of three minutes. Both teams will immediately have their on-field playing strength reduced to three players and the team that won the toss prior to the commencement of the match will receive possession of the ball and commence play with a tap on the"
"the longitudinal center of the field) marked every yard between the major transverse lines. Though these technically run across the pitch they can more usefully be regarded as longitudinal lines because each hash mark is only a yard long and they are so numerous that they create more obvious pattern down the field than across it (see below). In rugby union there is a line five metres from the goal line indicated by a series of six short dashes marked 5 metres in from touch, 15 metres in from touch and directly in front of each post (these are frequently"
"at the end of a long, thick cylinder, supported on poles. Two ""tails"", at the opposite end of the structure from the loop, serve to provide a rudimentary steering mechanism. During play, the two Go are lifted above head height by the teams, and the loops are brought into contact and pushed against one another. Due to the ritual nature of the contest, one team's Go is larger than the other, making the contest somewhat one-sided. The teams are designated ""Dongbu"" (""East"") and ""Seobu"" (""West""), and wear blue and red respectively. Each team consists of around 70-80 people; including the"
"the sides is upset the downside will be assigned to the ""rest"", the same if one of the sides is wider. Street is limited by two lines: the ""banca"" line and the rest line which mark the end of both sides. There is also another line, the fault line which signals the point the ball must surpass when serving, at 40 m from the ""rest"". In case one of the playing teams is clearly stronger they may ""give some steps"", that is, to allow the ""banca line"" to be a bit more advanced in order to compensate for the stronger"
"hoops or ""rings"" at both ends. The court is slightly larger than a basketball court, being long and wide. The longer sides are called ""side lines"" and the shorter sides are called ""goal lines"" or ""back lines"". The two lines dividing the court into thirds are called ""transverse lines"". Court markings are no more than wide. The court is divided into thirds which regulate where individuals of each position are allowed to move. A -diameter ""centre circle"" is located in the centre of the court. At each end of the court there is a -radius semi-circular ""shooting circle"" or ""goal"
"the goal line directly in front of the posts and is where the line of scrimmage forms when one team has scored and is attempting a conversion. In rugby union there are two broken lines that cross the whole pitch marked ten metres either side of the halfway line. These are called the 10 metre lines and mark the minimum distance restart kicks must travel and the forward limit of where the receiving team can stand to receive these kicks. In American football there are also four hash marks (one near each side line and a pair either side of"
"playing area should be marked with a line of 3 centimeters in breadth leaving at least five meters to the back of the striking spot. Note: For matches played by school children the running distance between the bases would be less. Accordingly, for school matches the distance would be 11 m whereas for other matches arranged at sports society levels the distance would be 12 m. Equipment used in the playing area: Two posts ten meters in height similar to a bamboo tree, six posts two centimeters in breadth and one meter in height and eight flags to be tied"
"has been merged into one 5 meter line since the 2005–2006 season. Along the side of the pool, the center area between the 5 meter lines is marked by a green line (if marked at all). The ""five meters"" line is where penalties are shot and it is designated by a yellow line. The ""two meter"" line is designated with a red line and no player of the attacking team can receive a ball inside this zone. At the start of each period, teams line up on their own goal line. The most common formation is for three players to"
"also two warning lines two metres from either end of the strip, to let a retreating fencer know that he/she is nearly out of space. Retreating off of the strip scores a touch for the opponent. There are at least three people involved: two fencers and a referee, formerly called a ""Director"" or ""President of the jury"". The referee may be assisted by a jury of two or four ""line-judges"". This was common practice prior to the introduction of electronic scoring. Their function is somewhat similar to that of linesmen in soccer. Their primary job used to be to watch"
"Ballon au poing The ballon au poing is a popular team sport in Picardy (France). This game is played by teams of six. It is a game of gain-ground. This sport must not be confused with the fistball. To be able to hit the ball, players surround their hand and their wrist with a strip of canvas or leather. The teams are separated on the ground by a line ( ""la corde"" - the rope) which is mobile during the party. This new limit is shown by a ""chasse"". The purpose of the game is to gain ground by moving"
"the goal-posts. A centre-line is marked across the middle of the field. Lines known as 23 metres lines are marked across the field 22.90 metres from each back-line. Areas referred to as the circles are marked inside the field around the goals and opposite the centres of the backlines. Penalty spots 150 mm in diameter are marked in front of the centre of each goal with the centre of each spot 6.40 metres from the inner edge of the goal-line. All lines are 75 mm wide and are part of the field of play. Flag-posts between 1.20 and 1.50 metres"
"Red Rover Red rover (also known as forcing the city gates and octopus tag) is a game played primarily by children on playgrounds. This 19th-century children's group game (requiring 10+ players) is thought to have originated in the United Kingdom and then spread to Australia, Canada, and the United States. The game is played between two lines of players (usually called the ""East"" or ""West"" team, although this does not relate to the actual relative location of the teams), usually positioned approximately thirty feet apart with hands or arms linked together. The game starts when the first team, in this"
"and parallel to the sidelines; this divides the space on each side of the crease line into two halves, known as the right and left courts. The boundary lines are marked with white tape, 10 mm thick. The centre and crease lines are to be marked so as to be visible, about 10 mm wide Ball badminton is a team sport. The ball is served (hit from the right or left court of one side to the diagonally opposite court of the other side). The server begins on the right court and moves to the left court each time a"
"top, exactly 3 m from the ground. With the goalpost as pivot a half circle (the goal circle) with a radius of 4,5 m is drawn. The penalty line is short line in the goal section 1 m in length and 2 m from the middle inside line directly in line with the middle half circles. The two side sections are called the goal sections and the middle section is called the centre section. Exactly in the middle of the centre section, a circle of 1 m diameter and in the middle of the two inside lines, two half circles"
"cord to make a 2 cm square mesh along its length and is edged with red tape at the top. The entire net is red, white and blue, 100 cm wide and 13.5 metres in length. It is tied to a centre pole of 183 cm and two poles of 185 cm at the sides of the court to maintain the 183 cm height of the net at the centre. Two posts, each 180 cm high, are fixed one metre outside the court on either side at the end of the line to which the net is tied, strong enough"
"Rugby league Rugby league football is a full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field. One of the two codes of rugby, it originated in Northern England in 1895 as a split from the Rugby Football Union over the issue of payments to players. Its rules progressively changed with the aim of producing a faster, more entertaining game for spectators. In rugby league, points are scored by carrying the ball and touching it to the ground beyond the opposing team's goal line; this is called a ""try"", and is the primary method of scoring. The"
"of the lines in rugby union are straight. Examples of such features include the ""centre circle"" is marked at from the ""centre spot"". Similar to the penalty arc, this indicates the minimum distance that opposing players must keep at kick-off; the ball itself is placed on the ""centre spot"". During penalty shootouts all players other than the two goalkeepers and the current kicker are required to remain within this circle. The arcs in the ""corners"" denote the area (within 1-yard of the corner) in which the ball has to be placed for corner kicks; opposition players have to be away"
"llargues is a Valencian pilota modality which takes place in the street. The Internacional Ball Game Federation established rules to make an international sport by making him play on a ground used for the Balle pelote. When a team gets two ""lines"", or the score is ""40 and 1 line"", both teams must change their respective midfields. The point may be attain directly or postponed. Lines: ""Lines"" are a signal resting on a side of the field marking the place where a ball has been blocked so that it didn't advance any more in the defending team's area. When teams"
"a team (one per match) for goal line decision only. In the event that the referral is upheld the referring team will retain its right of referral. Shoot-out competition between two teams is similar to the ice hockey penalty shootout. Each team has five penalty shoot-outs where five players are nominated. Each player, with the ball on the 23 m line, the goalkeeper/defending player on or behind the goal‐line between the goal posts, starts with the umpire's signal and has a maximum of eight seconds to score a goal with only the goal keeper defending the goal. The player can"
"medical advice, such as if they have been concussed numerous times. Some players, predominantly ruckmen, wear shin guards. All protective equipment must be approved by the umpires to ensure that it can not injure other players. The game is played with an ellipsoid ball, on a grassed oval. Four posts, aligned in a straight line, 6.4 metres apart from each other (19.2m in total length), are erected at either end of the oval. The size of the ground is not fixed, but is generally between 135-185m long and 110-155m wide. Lines are drawn on the field to mark The game"
"which consist of two ""uprights"" joined by an crossbar which is above the goal line. The goalposts may be H-shaped (both posts fixed in the ground) although in the higher-calibre competitions the tuning-fork design (supported by a single curved post behind the goal line, so that each post starts above the ground) is preferred. The sides of the field are marked by white sidelines, the goal line is marked in white, and white lines are drawn laterally across the field every from the goal line. These lateral lines are called ""yard lines"" and often marked with the distance in yards"
"exclusion zone for all players other than the penalty kicker and defending goalkeeper during a penalty kick. The ""centre circle"" is marked at from the ""centre mark"". Similar to the penalty arc, this indicates the minimum distance that opposing players must keep at kick-off; the ball itself is placed on the ""centre mark"". During penalty shootouts all players other than the two goalkeepers and the current kicker are required to remain within this circle. The ""half-way line"" divides the pitch in two. The half which a team defends is commonly referred to as being their half. Players must be within"