"sheep, and tree species belonging to the genus ""Quercus"" (oak), such as the holm oak (""Quercus ilex"" sp. ""ballota""), although other tree species such as beech and pine trees may also be present. Oaks are protected and pruned to produce acorns, which the famous black Iberian pigs feed on in the fall during the ""montanera"". Ham produced from Iberian pigs fattened with acorns and air-dried at high elevations is known as ""Jamón ibérico"" (""presunto ibérico"", or ""pata negra"" in Portuguese), and sells for premium prices, especially if only acorns have been used for fattening. In a typical dehesa, oaks are"
"""acharn"") is related to the Gothic name ""akran"", which had the sense of ""fruit of the unenclosed land"". The word was applied to the most important forest produce, that of the oak. Chaucer spoke of ""achornes of okes"" in the 14th century. By degrees, popular etymology connected the word both with ""corn"" and ""oak-horn"", and the spelling changed accordingly. The current spelling (emerged 15c.-16c.), derives from association with ""ac"" (Old English: ""oak"") + ""corn"". Acorn The acorn, or oaknut, is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera ""Quercus"" and ""Lithocarpus"", in the family Fagaceae). It usually contains"
"Acorn The acorn, or oaknut, is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives (genera ""Quercus"" and ""Lithocarpus"", in the family Fagaceae). It usually contains a single seed (occasionally two seeds), enclosed in a tough, leathery shell, and borne in a cup-shaped cupule. Acorns are long and broad. Acorns take between 6 and 24 months (depending on the species) to mature; see the list of Quercus species for details of oak classification, in which acorn morphology and phenology are important factors. Acorns play an important role in forest ecology when oaks are the dominant species or are plentiful. The"
"Ariocarpus Ariocarpus is a small genus of succulent, subtropical plants of the family Cactaceae. The name comes from the ancient Greek ""aria"" (an oak type) and ""carpos"" (=fruit) because of the resemblance of the fruit of the two genus in acorn form. Another possibility for the origin of the name is the work Scheidweiler did on the tree ""Sorbus aria"" at the time he described the genus ""Ariocarpus"". He might have meant the fruits of ""Ariocarpus"" plants look like the fruits of the ""Sorbus aria"". It comes from limestone hills of Rio Grande in the south of Texas (""Ariocarpus fissuratus"")"
"Quercus ilex Quercus ilex, the evergreen oak, holly oak or holm oak, is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It takes its name from holm, an ancient name for holly. It is a member of the ""Cerris"" section of the genus, with acorns that mature in a single summer. The first trees to be grown from acorns in England are still to be found within the stately grounds of Mamhead Park, Devon. From Britton & Brayley ""The Beauties of England and Wales"" (1803): The resemblance of the foliage to that of the common European holly, ""Ilex aquifolium"","
"the autumn. Acorns occur alone or in clusters of 2 or 3, and are 12–25 mm long by 14–18 mm wide. A scaly cup covers about 1/3 to 1/2 of the nut. On average, acorn crops are produced in 3 out of 10 years. Foliage: The leathery, highly variable leaves are grey green to olive green, have a lustrous upper surface, and are whitish and densely hairy below. Leaves are alternate, simple, with variable shape (oblong, ovate, or elliptical), and with wavy or shallowly lobed margins. Length is 2 to 8 cm and width 2 to 4 cm. Twigs: Twigs"
"the islands. Quercus ilex Quercus ilex, the evergreen oak, holly oak or holm oak, is a large evergreen oak native to the Mediterranean region. It takes its name from holm, an ancient name for holly. It is a member of the ""Cerris"" section of the genus, with acorns that mature in a single summer. The first trees to be grown from acorns in England are still to be found within the stately grounds of Mamhead Park, Devon. From Britton & Brayley ""The Beauties of England and Wales"" (1803): The resemblance of the foliage to that of the common European holly,"
"the acorn, maturing in 18 months, dropping from the tree in the 2nd fall after pollination. The cap is covered in long stiff loose scales which are rolled backwards or involute especially along the edges of the cap. Quercus ithaburensis Quercus ithaburensis, the Mount Tabor oak, is a tree in the beech family. It is found in Southeastern Europe, from southeastern Italy, southern Albania and Greece, and in southwestern Asia from Turkey south through Lebanon, Israel, Syria, and neighboring Jordan, whose national tree it is. ""Quercus ithaburensis"" is a small to medium-sized semi-evergreen to tardily deciduous tree growing to a"
"The acorns tend to be ellipsoid (ellipse-shaped, from which its scientific name derives), though they tend to be highly variable and range to globose, long and broad, a third to a half covered in a deep cup, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after pollination; the kernel is very bitter. The inner surface of the acorn cap is glabrous (hairless) to sparsely or moderately pubescent, and the hairs if present tend to be kinky rather than straight. Northern pin oak is planted as an ornamental tree, popular for its bright red fall color and tolerance of infertile sandy soils."
"of styles and perianth. The styles have flared tips and are short, while the perianth has distinct lobes that are closely placed to the styles. As is typical for acorns of section ""Quercus"", the youngest specimens still have the aborted second ovule and dividing septum present near the base of the developing fruit. Quercus hiholensis Quercus hiholensis is an extinct species of oak in the Fagaceae genus ""Quercus"". ""Quercus hiholensis"" is known from Middle Miocene fossils found in Central Washington. The species was first described from specimens of silicified acorns preserved in chert of the ""Yakima Canyon Flora"". The chert"
"Acorus Acorus is a genus of monocot flowering plants. This genus was once placed within the family Araceae (aroids), but more recent classifications place it in its own family Acoraceae and order Acorales, of which it is the sole genus of the oldest surviving line of monocots. Some older studies indicated that it was placed in a lineage (the order Alismatales), that also includes aroids (Araceae), Tofieldiaceae, and several families of aquatic monocots (e.g., Alismataceae, Posidoniaceae). However, modern phylogenetic studies demonstrate that ""Acorus"" is sister to all other monocots. Common names include calamus and sweet flag. The genus is native"
"edge of the cup. Bur oak is sometimes confused with overcup oak and white oak, both of which it occasionally hybridizes with. The acorns are the largest of any North American oak (thus the species name ""macrocarpa"", from Ancient Greek ""large"" and ""fruit""), and are an important wildlife food; American black bears sometimes tear off branches to get them. However, heavy nut crops are borne only every few years. In this evolutionary strategy, known as masting, the large seed crop every few years overwhelms the ability of seed predators to eat the acorns, thus ensuring the survival of some seeds."
"Phellodendron Phellodendron, or cork-tree, is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Rutaceae, native to east and northeast Asia. It has leathery, pinnate leaves and yellow, clumped flowers. The name refers to the thick and corky bark of some (but not all) species in the genus. Phellodendron seeds are known from the Early Oligocene of eastern North America, from the Mid Oligocene to the Pliocene of Europe and from the Pliocene of Asia and Japan. Phellodendron macrofossils have been recovered from the late Zanclean stage of Pliocene sites in Pocapaglia, Italy. As an ornamental plant, ""Phellodendron"" is a tree"
"of its phytochemical profile and because the seedlings grow thickly, ""Phellodendron"" can out-compete other species. By suppressing reproduction of native hardwoods, Amur cork-tree can come to dominate native forests under favorable conditions. As a relatively new species of concern, its invasion biology and response to control are not well understood. Phellodendron Phellodendron, or cork-tree, is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Rutaceae, native to east and northeast Asia. It has leathery, pinnate leaves and yellow, clumped flowers. The name refers to the thick and corky bark of some (but not all) species in the genus. Phellodendron seeds are"
"the sweetest of any oak, with an excellent taste even when eaten raw, providing an excellent source of food for both wildlife and people. The acorns are eaten by squirrels, mice, voles, chipmunks, deer, turkey, and other birds. Quercus muehlenbergii Quercus muehlenbergii, the chinkapin oak (or chinquapin oak), is an oak in the white oak group (""Quercus"" sect. ""Quercus""). The species was often called ""Quercus acuminata"" in older literature. ""Quercus muehlenbergii"", (its specific epithet often misspelt ""muhlenbergii"") is native to eastern and central North America, ranging from Vermont west to Wisconsin and south to South Carolina, western Florida, New Mexico,"
"volume of the acorn crop may vary widely, creating great abundance or great stress on the many animals dependent on acorns and the predators of those animals. Acorns, along with other nuts, are termed mast. Wildlife that consume acorns as an important part of their diets include birds, such as jays, pigeons, some ducks, and several species of woodpeckers. Small mammals that feed on acorns include mice, squirrels and several other rodents. Large mammals such as pigs, bears, and deer also consume large amounts of acorns; they may constitute up to 25% of the diet of deer in the autumn."
"Alocasia Alocasia is a genus of broad-leaved rhizomatous or tuberous perennials from the family Araceae. There are 79 species native to tropical and subtropical Asia to Eastern Australia, and widely cultivated elsewhere. The large cordate or sagittate leaves grow to a length of 20 to 90 cm on long petioles. Their araceous flowers grow at the end of a short stalk, but are not conspicuous; often hidden behind the leaf petioles. The stem (a corm) is edible, but contains raphid or raphide crystals of Calcium oxalate along with other irritants (possibly a protease) that can numb and swell the tongue"
"Cornus Cornus is a genus of about 30–60 species of woody plants in the family Cornaceae, commonly known as dogwoods, which can generally be distinguished by their blossoms, berries, and distinctive bark. Most are deciduous trees or shrubs, but a few species are nearly herbaceous perennial subshrubs, and a few of the woody species are evergreen. Several species have small heads of inconspicuous flowers surrounded by an involucre of large, typically white petal-like bracts, while others have more open clusters of petal-bearing flowers. The various species of dogwood are native throughout much of temperate and boreal Eurasia and North America,"
"leaf hairs that are fused into microscopic plates. The leaf blades are oval with smooth or toothed edges, and measure 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters (1.0-1.4 inches) in length. The fruit is an acorn with a cap up to 2 centimeters (0.8 inches) wide covered in light-colored scales and a cylindrical, round-ended nut up to 3 centimeters (1.2 inches) long. Quercus cornelius-mulleri Quercus cornelius-mulleri is a North American species of oak known by the common name Muller oak, or Muller's oak. It was described to science in 1981 when it was segregated from the ""Quercus dumosa"" complex and found to warrant"
"and one at Moorcourt Estate, Pembridge. An original Verdun oak tree in the Garden of Remembrance, Lichfield was later replaced by a tree grown from one of its acorns. With the original trees approaching 100 years old, the Woodland Trust launched a project in 2016 to grow a second generation of Verdun trees. Verdun tree The Verdun trees are oak and horse chestnut trees, planted in the United Kingdom in the aftermath of the First World War. Acorns and chestnuts were collected from trees on the battlefield at Verdun, and sent to England to be distributed and planted as war"
"Oak An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (; Latin ""oak tree"") of the beech family, Fagaceae. There are approximately 600 extant species of oaks. The common name ""oak"" also appears in the names of species in related genera, notably ""Lithocarpus"" (stone oaks), as well as in those of unrelated species such as ""Grevillea robusta"" (silky oaks) and the Casuarinaceae (she-oaks). The genus ""Quercus"" is native to the Northern Hemisphere, and includes deciduous and evergreen species extending from cool temperate to tropical latitudes in the Americas, Asia, Europe, and North Africa. North America contains the largest"
"Quercus suber Quercus suber, commonly called the cork oak, is a medium-sized, evergreen oak tree in the section ""Quercus"" sect. ""Cerris"". It is the primary source of cork for wine bottle stoppers and other uses, such as cork flooring and as the cores of cricket balls. It is native to southwest Europe and northwest Africa. In the Mediterranean basin the tree is an ancient species with fossil remnants dating back to the Tertiary period. It grows to up to , although it is typically more stunted in its native environment. The leaves are long, weakly lobed or coarsely toothed, dark"
"tannin in their acorns. Varieties preferred by American Indians such as Quercus kelloggii (California black oak) may be easier to prepare or more palatable. In Korea, an edible jelly named ""dotorimuk"" is made from acorns, and ""dotori guksu"" are Korean noodles made from acorn flour or starch. In the 17th century, a juice extracted from acorns was administered to habitual drunkards to cure them of their condition or else to give them the strength to resist another bout of drinking. Acorns have frequently been used as a coffee substitute, particularly when coffee was unavailable or rationed. The Confederates in the"
"of the cocoon. Lasiocampa quercus Lasiocampa quercus, the oak eggar, is a common moth of the family Lasiocampidae found in Europe, including Britain and Ireland. It feeds on a variety of plant species, and may develop over two years in higher latitudes, where it may be known as the Northern eggar. Its suffix ""quercus"" refers to the cocoon, which resembles an acorn. The oak eggar's habitat is wide-ranging, including scrub, heath, moor, downland, hedges and sea cliffs, reflecting the larva's very varied range of food plants. The moth's wingspan is about 45mm (male) to 75mm (female), the female being larger"
"the production of prime-quality ham. The bulk of the acorn harvest comes from the holm oak (""Quercus ilex"") from November to February, but the season would be too short without the earlier harvests of Pyrenean oak (""Quercus pyrenaica"") and Portuguese or gall oak (""Quercus lusitanica""), and the late cork oak (""Quercus suber"") season, which between them extend the acorn-production period from September almost to April. Black Iberian pig The Iberian pig is a traditional breed of the domestic pig (""Sus scrofa domesticus"") that is native to the Iberian Peninsula. The Iberian pig, whose origins can probably be traced back to"
"Cornus × unalaschkensis Cornus"" × ""unalaschkensis is a species of flowering plant in the Cornaceae, the dogwood family. Common names for the plant include Alaskan bunchberry, western cordilleran bunchberry, or simply western bunchberry. The species is native to the west coast of North America from Alaska to California, as well as Magadan in Russia. In the northwestern United States it is a common plant, even abundant. This is a rhizomatous subshrub with stems up to 20 centimeters tall. Leaves are borne in a whorl and are oval in shape and up to 8 centimeters long. The leaves are hairless to"
"Hickory Hickory is a type of tree, comprising the genus Carya (, ""káryon"", meaning ""nut""). The genus includes 17 to 19 species. Five or six species are native to China, Indochina, and India (Assam), as many as 12 are native to the United States, four are found in Mexico, and two to four are from Canada. A number of hickory species are used by man for products like edible nuts (pecans) or wood. Hickories are deciduous trees with pinnately compound leaves and large nuts. Hickory flowers are small, yellow-green catkins produced in spring. They are wind-pollinated and self-incompatible. The fruit"
"is assumed must be Marcus Terentius Varro. Prunus Prunus is a genus of trees and shrubs, which includes the plums, cherries, peaches, nectarines, apricots, and almonds. Native to the northern temperate regions, there are 430 different species classified under ""Prunus"". Many members of the genus are widely cultivated for their fruit and for decorative purposes. ""Prunus"" fruit are defined as drupes, or stone fruits, because the fleshy mesocarp surrounding the endocarp (pit or stone) is edible. Most ""Prunus"" fruit and seeds are commonly used in processing, such as jam production, canning, drying or roasting. Members of the genus can be"
"was previously included in the genus ""Lithocarpus"" (""Lithocarpus densiflorus"") but recent evidence, both genetic and morphological, suggests that the North American species is only distantly related to Asian stone oaks therefore tanbark-oak has been moved into a new genus, ""Notholithocarpus"", based on multiple lines of evidence. Lithocarpus trees are evergreen trees with leathery, alternate leaves, which may be either entire or toothed. The seed is a nut very similar to an oak acorn, but with a very hard, woody nut shell (hence the genus name, from Greek ""lithos"", stone, + ""carpos"", seed). The nut kernel is edible in some species"
"a light gray coloration, and is rather smooth or sometimes scaly. Acorns occur solitarily or in pairs, exhibiting lengths of two to five centimeters; these fruits are variable in size and shape, but generally ovoid, turban-like with a shallow, thick cup of scales densely covered with yellowish hairs; the stalk is barely evident. ""Quercus chrysolepis"" is found in a variety of forest communities in the southwestern United States. It is common in the mountainous regions of California (Sierra Nevada, Coast Ranges, Klamath Mountains, Cascades, San Gabriel Mountains, etc.) with additional populations in southwestern Oregon, western Nevada, northern Baja California, Arizona,"
"Apricot An apricot is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus ""Prunus"" (stone fruits). Usually, an apricot tree is from the species ""P. armeniaca"", but the species ""P. brigantina"", ""P. mandshurica"", ""P. mume"", ""P. zhengheensis"" and ""P. sibirica"" are closely related, have similar fruit, and are also called apricots. The scientific name ""armeniaca"" was first used by Gaspard Bauhin in his ""Pinax Theatri Botanici"" (1623), referring to the species as ""Mala armeniaca"" ""Armenian apple"". Linnaeus took up Bauhin's epithet in the first edition of his ""Species Plantarum"" in 1753, ""Prunus armeniaca"". ""Apricot"""
"mountain quail, Steller's jay, and woodpeckers. Acorns constitute an average of 50% of the fall and winter diets of western gray squirrel and black-tailed deer during good mast years. Fawn survival rates increase or decrease with the size of the acorn crop. It is a preferred foraging substrate for many birds. All of 68 bird species observed in oak woodlands of the Tehachapi Mountains of California used California black oak for part of their foraging activities. Acorn woodpecker, Bullock's oriole, and Nashville warbler show strong preference for California black oak. The parasitic plant Pacific mistletoe (""Phoradendron villosum""), which commonly grows"
"""fruit of the walnut"". They noted the particularly thin shell and acorn-like shape of the fruit, indicating they were indeed referring to pecans. The Spaniards took the pecan into Europe, Asia, and Africa beginning in the 16th century. In 1792, William Bartram reported in his botanical book, ""Travels"", a nut tree, ""Juglans exalata"" that some botanists today argue was the American pecan tree, but others argue was hickory, ""Carya ovata"". Pecan trees are native to the United States, and writing about the pecan tree goes back to the nation's founders. Thomas Jefferson planted pecan trees, ""C. illinoinensis"" (Illinois nuts), in"