"the Portuguese ""junco"" from the Javanese or Malay ""jong"". The modern Standard Chinese word for an ocean-going wooden cargo vessel is ""cáo"" (). Views diverge on whether the origin is from a dialect of Chinese; Pierre-Yves Manguin and Zoetmulder, amongst others, points to an Old Javanese origin, the word jong can be traced from an old Javanese inscription in the 9th century. It entered Malay language by 15th century, when a Chinese word list identify it as Malay word for ship. The Malay Maritime Code, first drawn up in the late 15th century, uses junk frequently as the word for"
"Junk (ship) Junk is a type of ancient Chinese sailing ship that is still in use today. Junks were used as seagoing vessels as early as the 2nd century AD and developed rapidly during the Song dynasty (960–1279). They evolved in the later dynasties, and were used throughout Asia for extensive ocean voyages. They were found, and in lesser numbers are still found, throughout South-East Asia and India, but primarily in China. Found more broadly today is a growing number of modern recreational junk-rigged sailboats. The term ""junk"" may be used to cover many kinds of boat—ocean-going, cargo-carrying, pleasure boats,"
"(水), meaning water, because these ships are classified either as oil and water tankers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Type 632 tanker Type 632 tanker is a type of naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Republic of China Navy (PLAN). Designed as a type that is capable of transport both"
"Bo-Chuan (驳船), meaning barge in Chinese, because these ships are classified as heavy-lift barges. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Type 633 heavy-lift ship Type 633 heavy-lift ship is a type of little known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The name of this class is after"
"prevent sewer onboard other ships from overflowing into the sea and thus causing pollution, and thus these ships also act as sewer vessels for vessel sewage discharging. 300-ton class environmental research ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by two-digit number. The second Chinese character is Jiu (监), meaning surveillance in Chinese, because the primary duties these ships are tasked. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet (ESF), North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet (NSF), and South (Nan, 南)"
"ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Jun (浚), meaning dredge in Chinese, because these ships are classified as dredgers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Dongjun 417 class dredger Dongjun 417 class dredger is a class of little"
"Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Two have been identified as still in active service as mid 2015: Type 646 water tanker Type 646 water tanker (AWT) is a type of naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). Type 646 series ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Shui (水), meaning water, because these ships are classified either as oil and water tankers. The first Chinese character"
"freight ships. European writings from 1345 through 1601 use a variety of related terms, including ""jonque"" (French), ""ioncque"" (Italian), ""iuncque"" (Spanish), and ""ionco"" (Dutch). The historian Herbert Warington Smyth considered the junk as one of the most efficient ship designs, stating that ""As an engine for carrying man and his commerce upon the high and stormy seas as well as on the vast inland waterways, it is doubtful if any class of vessel… is more suited or better adapted to its purpose than the Chinese or Indian junk, and it is certain that for flatness of sail and handiness, the"
"Djong (ship) The djong, jong, or jung (also called junk in English) is a type of ancient sailing ship originating from Java that was widely used by Javanese and Malay sailors. The word was and is spelled ""jong"" in its languages of origin, the ""djong"" spelling being the colonial Dutch romanisation. Djongs are used mainly as seagoing passenger and cargo vessels. They traveled as far as Ghana or even Brazil in ancient times. The average burthen was 4-500 tons, with a range of 85-700 tons. In the Majapahit era these vessels were used as warship, but still predominantly as transport"
"Long March (named after the Long March) is used for the type instead. Such strange naming and designation practice is the direct result of the political turmoil in China at the time, namely, the Cultural Revolution: The ship was actually designated as Type A (jia, 甲), so it would be Type A Long March class cargo-passenger ship, but the Long March sounded progressive and revolutionary, so the ship was designated as Type Long March instead. Because all of the 12 ships of this type built were all named with a name consisting two Chinese characters with the first character as"
"flow. When it accumulates at the base of hillsides, it can be called ""talus"" or ""scree"". In mining, debris called ""attle"" usually consists of rock fragments which contain little or no ore. ""Marine debris"" applies to floating garbage such as bottles, cans, styrofoam, cruise ship waste, offshore oil and gas exploration and production facilities pollution, and fishing paraphernalia from professional and recreational boaters. Marine debris is also called litter or flotsam and jetsam. Objects that can constitute marine debris include used automobile tires, detergent bottles, medical wastes, discarded fishing line and nets, soda cans, and bilge waste solids. In addition"
"junk with his family and one friend to the Mediterranean and then continued with changing crew to finally finish a circumnavigation in 1998. He sold this vessel in 2000 and in 2004 he started to build a new junk in Duyong with the same craftsmen: the Pinas (or Pinis) Naga Pelangi, in order to help keep this ancient boat building tradition alive. This boat finished to be fitted out in 2010 and is working as a charter boat in the Andaman and the South China Sea. Junk (ship) Junk is a type of ancient Chinese sailing ship that is still"
"is You (油), meaning oil in Chinese, or Shui (水), meaning water, because these ships are classified either as oil and water tankers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Seven have been identified as still in active service as mid 2015: Type 645 tanker Type 645 tanker is a type of naval auxiliary ship"
"known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The name of this class is after the first unit commissioned, with the exact type still remains unknown, and only a single unit of this class have been confirmed in active service as of mid-2010s. Dongjun 417 class series ships in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Jun (浚), meaning dredge in Chinese, because these ships are classified as dredgers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with,"
"live-aboards. They vary greatly in size and there are significant regional variations in the type of rig, however they all employ fully battened sails. The term ""junk"" (Portuguese ""junco""; Dutch ""jonk""; and Spanish ""junco"") was also used by European explorers for large unrelated native Austronesian warships, like the Philippine ""karakoa"" and the Maluku ""kora kora"". The term may stem from the Chinese ""chuán"" (, ""boat; ship""), also based on and pronounced as [dzuːŋ] () in the Minnan variant of Chinese, or ""zhōu"" (), the old word for a sailing vessel. ""Junk"" entered the English language in the 17th century through"
"Flotsam, jetsam, lagan, and derelict In maritime law, ""flotsam"", ""jetsam"", ""lagan"", and ""derelict"" are specific kinds of shipwreck. The words have specific nautical meanings, with legal consequences in the law of admiralty and marine salvage. A shipwreck is defined as the remains of a ship that has been wrecked, a destroyed ship at sea, whether it be sunken or floating on the surface of the water. A wreck is categorized as property belonging to no apparent owner, that either sinks to the seabed, or floats on the surface of the water, whether it be intentionally cast overboard, or as the"
"Chinese, because these ships are ships built for engineering projects. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Nangong 681 class floating pile driver can also be used as a crane ship. Nangong 681-class floating pile driver Nangong 681 class floating pile driver is a class of little known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with"
"because these ships are classified as dredgers. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Dongjun 417-class dredger Dongjun 417 class dredger is a class of little known naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The name of this class is after the first unit commissioned, with the exact type"
"modified Nordic Folkboat to second place in the first trans-Atlantic race and was the author of ""Practical Junk Rig"" (). Kenichi Horie sailed across the Pacific Ocean in 1999 aboard a long, wide, catamaran constructed from 528 beer kegs. The rigging consisted of two side-by-side masts with junk rig sails made from recycled plastic bottles. Roger Taylor has completed a number of high-latitude voyages in small junk-rigged yachts name ""Mingming"" and ""Mingming II"". Junk rig The junk rig, also known as the Chinese lugsail or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span"
"caring for ""larger"" craft is usually called a tender. The term ""mother ship"" dates back to the 19th-century whaling trade when small, fast ships were used to chase and kill whales. The dead meat from several boats was then brought back to the larger, slower ship for processing and storage until the return to land. This model enabled a far more efficient method of whaling. Though whaling is much lower-scale than in earlier days, the single large storage ship model is still used extensively by fishermen. Such ships are known today as factory ships. In many languages, such as Chinese,"
"vessels. The word ""jong"" or ""jung"" derives from the Chinese word for boat (船), originally pronounced ""ɦljon"" in Old Chinese. It is related to several Southeast Asian terms for boat, and entered the Indonesian and Malay languages at an early date. The word jong can be found in a number of ancient Javanese inscriptions dating to the 9th century. It is first recorded in the Malay language by the 15th century, when a Chinese word list identified it as a Malay term for ship. The late 15th century Malay Maritime Laws uses jong frequently as the word for freight ships."
"Junk rig The junk rig, also known as the Chinese lugsail or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span the full width of the sail and extend the sail forward of the mast. An origin of the name ""junk rig"" is not directly recorded, but it is popularly attributed to the name from the traditional Chinese junk ship, where the rig was in use when first encountered by Europeans. Johnstone attributes the invention of this type of sail by Malay (Nusantaran) people, which they independently invented these sails, made from woven mats"
"this piece of archeological evidence rests upon supposing proportions between the rudder and the length of the ship, which have also been the object of intense contestation. A replica of a treasure ship was announced in 2006 to be completed in time for the 2008 Olympic Games. However, the replica was still under construction in Nanjing in 2010. A new date of completion was set for 2013; when this dateline failed to be met in 2014, the project was put on hold indefinitely. Chinese treasure ship A Chinese treasure ship () was a type of large wooden ship in the"
"Aqua Luna The Aqua Luna, known in Cantonese as the Cheung Po Tsai (張保仔), is a Chinese Junk operating in Victoria Harbour, Hong Kong. It was launched in 2006, and while it is named the ""Aqua Luna"" in English, in Cantonese it is named after the 19th-century Chinese pirate Cheung Po Tsai. The ""Aqua Luna"" was built from scratch; it took a Hong Kong craftsman 18 months to construct using traditional shipbuilding methods under the supervision of a 73-year-old shipbuilder. It is owned by the Aqua Restaurant Group, and was launched in 2006 with a party on top of a"
"was the ship finally delivered. Specification: Type 635 hydrographic survey ship Type 635 hydrographic survey ship is a series of hydrographic survey ships developed by China for its People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). Type 635 series in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Ce (测), meaning survey in Chinese, because these ships are classified as survey ship. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South"
"Hua Chuan No. 1-class repair dry dock Hua Chuan (华船, meaning Chinese Ship) No. 1 (Yi Hao, 一号in Chinese, meaning Number 1) a repair dry dock (hull classification symbol: ARD) built in China for its People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). At the time of its commission, it is the largest repair dry dock in PLAN. The origin of Hua Chuan No. 1 repair dry dock (ARD) rooted in the fact that most PLAN repair dry docks are small and only capable of handling small boat of 500 tons displacement or less, so when larger warships need to be serviced, they"
"replica made as an exact copy of the wreck, has shown that the ship resembles a ""baitl qarib"", a type of ship still found in Oman today. Amongst the hull of the shipwreck were large lumps of concretion containing artefacts from the ship's cargo dated to the Tang dynasty of China around 800 AD, and from where the wreck gets its other names, the ""Tang shipwreck"" or ""Tang treasure ship"". The ship's timbers and artefacts were shown to the public for the first time in 2011. The world debut exhibition of the collection of artefacts, as well as timbers from"
"Waste container A waste container is a container for temporarily storing waste, and is usually made out of metal or plastic. Some common terms are dustbin, garbage can, and trash can. The words ""rubbish"", ""basket"" and ""bin"" are more common in British English usage; ""trash"" and ""can"" are more common in American English usage. ""Garbage"" may refer to food waste specifically (when distinguished from ""trash"") or to municipal solid waste in general. In 1875, the first household rubbish bins were introduced in Britain to create a regulated system of collection. In many cities and towns, there is a public waste"
"Skip (container) A skip (British English, Australian English, and New Zealand English) is a large open-topped waste container designed for loading onto a special type of lorry. Instead of being emptied into a bin lorry on site, as a wheelie bin is, a skip is removed, or replaced by an empty skip, and then tipped at a landfill site or transfer station. Typically skip bins have a distinctive shape: the longitudinal cross-section of the skip bin is either a trapezoid or two stacked trapezoids. The lower trapezoid has the smaller edge at the bottom of the skip bin, and a"
"rectangular-based barge-like ships with layered decks and cabins with ramparts acted as floating fortresses on wide rivers and lakes. These were called 'castle ships' ('lou chuan'), yet there were 4 other ship types known in that period, including a ramming vessel. During the short-lived Qin Dynasty (221 BC-207 BC) the Chinese sailed south into the South China Sea during their invasion of Annam, modern Vietnam. During the Han Dynasty (202 BC–220 AD), a ship with a stern-mounted steering rudder along with masts and sails was innovated, known as the junk in Western terminology. The Chinese had been sailing through the"
"Chinese treasure ship A Chinese treasure ship () was a type of large wooden ship in the fleet of admiral Zheng He, who led seven voyages during the early 15th-century Ming dynasty. The size and dimensions of the treasures are heavily debated. According to British scientist, historian and sinologist Joseph Needham, the purported dimensions of the largest of these ships were by , which would make them at least twice as long as the largest European ships at the end of the sixteenth century. In fact, such dimensions would make the treasure ships larger than the largest wooden boats ever"
"""zhan xian""), covered swoopers (""meng chong""), flying barques (""zou ge""), patrol boats (""you ting""), and sea hawk ships (""hai hu""). The ""Wujing Zongyao""'s typology for classifying Chinese warships would reappear in later naval texts for many centuries. The ""Wujing Zongyao"" records detailed descriptions of gunpowder weapons such as incendiary projectiles, smoke bombs, fire arrows, and grenades. It documents incendiary projectiles containing low-nitrate gunpowder, which were launched from catapults or lowered down from city walls onto besiegers. Examples of these incendiaries include the ""swallow-tail"" incendiary (; ""yanweiju"") and the flying incendiary (; ""feiju""). The swallow-tail incendiary was made of straw tied"
"Type 632 tanker Type 632 tanker is a type of naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Republic of China Navy (PLAN). Designed as a type that is capable of transport both water and oil, these ships entered service from 1972 onward. Type 632 tanker has received NATO reporting name as Fulin class. After transferred to reserves, these ships begun to retire in the early 2010s. Type 632 tankers in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is You (油), meaning oil in Chinese, or Shui"