"Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye or Recueil des Histoires de Troye (1464) is a translation by William Caxton of a French courtly romance written by Raoul Lefèvre, chaplain to Philip III, Duke of Burgundy. It was the first book printed in the English language. ""Recuyell"" (""recueil"" in Modern French) simply means ""collection"" in English. Hence, the work in Modern English would read ""A Collection of the Histories of Troy"". Caxton's translations and sometimes his titles incorporated words from other European languages. Caxton, probably with the assistance of Colard Mansion and Johann Veldener, printed"
"Bruges, Belgium, a wealthy cultured city, where he was settled by 1450. Successful in business, he became governor of the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London; on his business travels, he observed the new printing industry in Cologne, which led him to start a printing press in Bruges in collaboration with Colard Mansion. When Margaret of York, sister of Edward IV, married the Duke of Burgundy, they moved to Bruges and befriended Caxton. It was the Duchess who encouraged Caxton to complete his translation of the ""Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye"", a collection of stories associated with Homer's Iliad,"
"observed the new printing industry and was significantly influenced by German printing. He wasted no time in setting up a printing press in Bruges, in collaboration with a Fleming named Colard Mansion, and the first book to be printed in English was produced in 1473: ""Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye"", a translation by Caxton himself. In the epilogue of the book, Caxton tells how his ""pen became worn, his hand weary, his eye dimmed"" with copying the book by hand, so he ""practiced and learnt"" how to print it. His translation had become popular in the Burgundian court, and"
"de moribus hominum et officiis nobilium sive super ludo scacchorum"" ('Book of the customs of men and the duties of nobles or the Book of Chess'), written by an Italian Dominican monk Jacobus de Cessolis . This book was one of the most popular of the Middle Ages. The work was translated into many other languages (the first printed edition was published at Utrecht in 1473) and was the basis for William Caxton's ""The Game and Playe of the Chesse"" (1474), one of the first books printed in English. Different chess pieces were used as metaphors for different classes of"
"Louis de Gruuthuse Lewis de Bruges, Lord of Gruuthuse, Prince of Steenhuijs, Earl of Winchester (c. 1422/7 – Bruges 24 November 1492), (""alias"" Loys, Louis de/of Gruuthuse or Lodewijk van Gruuthuuse), was a Flemish, courtier, bibliophile, soldier and nobleman. He was awarded the title of Earl of Winchester by king Edward IV of England in 1472, and was Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland 1462–77. Born in (or about) 1422 as the eldest son of Lord Jean IV of Bruges, and Margriet of Steenhuyse, Lady of Avelghem, young Loys (Louis or Ludovicus) was trained in the arts of war and the"
"The town gave him 100 sous for his expenses and effort. His writings include a Latin version of the ""Danse Macabre"" (1490), a translation of Nicholas of Lyra's ""Les Postilles et Expositions des Epistres et Evangilles Dominacales"" (1493), a translation of Werner Rolevinck's ""Fleurs et Manières des Temps Passées"" (1495), a compilation ""La genealogie avecques les gestes et nobles faitz d'armes du trespreux et renommé prince Godeffroy de Boulion"" (1504), ""Parement et triumphe des Dames d'Olivier de la Marche"" (1510) and contributions on Monstrelet (1512) and Gaguin (1514) to the ""Grandes Chroniques de France"". Desrey is thought to be the"
"century printed editions (eleven exist), the earliest extant being the edition printed by Michel le Noir in 1513. The work was reprinted ten times in the 17th century, eight times in the 18th and four times in the 19th (notably in a beautifully printed and illustrated adaptation in modern French by Gaston Paris in 1898). The romance came into vogue in England through the translation (c. 1540) of John Bourchier, Lord Berners, as ""Huon of Burdeuxe"", through which Shakespeare heard of the French epic. In Philip Henslowe's diary there is a note of a performance of a play, ""Hewen of"
"of Orestes. Rather than Aeschylus' trilogy of Athenian tragedies ""Oresteia"" (458 BCE), however, Pickering's source for his version of the story is William Caxton's translation of the French romance ""Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye"" (translated in 1475). Consequently, the play's theme and dramatic structure are more medieval than classical. Only one copy of the play is extant, which the British Museum holds. It was published by William Griffith of Fleet Street, London for sale at his shop in St. Dunstan's churchyard. Along with Thomas Preston's ""Cambises"" (c.1561), the play has been identified as a ""hybrid morality"", due to its"
"Caxton, and in Dutch in 1485. Raoul Lefèvre Raoul Lefèvre was the 15th-century French author of a ""Histoire de Jason"" (in 1460) and the ""Recoeil des histoires de Troyes"" (in 1464). The latter was translated and printed by William Caxton as the ""Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye"", and was the first book printed in English in 1473-1474. Lefèvre was the chaplain of Philip the Good, the creator of the Order of the Golden Fleece, which was based on the classical Jason story. The ""Histoire de Jason"" is known from 20 manuscripts and 30 different printed editions, and was translated"
"was owned by the Belgian noble family van Caloen of Koolkerke near Bruges until it was sold to the Dutch Royal Library in The Hague in February 2007. Another manuscript, the ""Penitence d'Adam"", of 1472, was dedicated to him by the famous Bruges scribe, and later printer, Colard Mansion. Louis was in fact one of the last people to commission new manuscripts on such a scale; he probably began collecting books in the late 1460s, with many of his major commissions dating from the 1470s. In some cases even from that decade the titles already existed in printed form, and"
"work was the basis for William Caxton's ""The Game and Playe of the Chesse"" (1474), one of the first books printed in English. Jacobus de Cessolis In the second half of the 13th century, Jacobus de Cessolis, a Dominican friar in Cessole (Asti district, Piemonte, Northern Italy) used chess as the basis for a series of sermons on morality. They later became ""Liber de moribus hominum et officiis nobilium super ludo scacchorum"" ('Book of the customs of men and the duties of nobles or the Book of Chess'). The popular work was translated into many other languages, and was first"
"1482. Nothing is known with certainty about his life after 1484, although he may have moved to Picardy. Mansion sold illuminated manuscripts to the aristocracy, and luxurious incunabula to the bourgeoisie, but he was one of the first to also publish smaller and cheaper books of only twenty to thirty pages, mainly in French. Nowadays, 25 editions of incunabula by Mansion alone are known, making him the most prolific of Bruges' early printers. Only two of these are in Latin, all others are in French, many of them first editions. Customers of Mansion include Charles de Croÿ, prince of Chimay,"
"des ducs de Bourgogne"" (Brussels, 1870–1873), and ""Relations politiques des Pays Bas et de l'Angleterre sous le regne de Philippe II"" (Brussels, 1882–1892). He wrote a history of ""Les Hugenots et les Gueux"" (Bruges, 1883–1885) in the spirit of a violent Roman Catholic partisan, but with much industry and learning. Other works include: He died at Sint-Michiels near Bruges in 1891, the community in which he was born in 1817. One of his children was art historian Henri Kervyn de Lettenhove. Joseph Kervyn de Lettenhove Joseph-Marie-Bruno-Constantin, Baron Kervyn de Lettenhove (17 August 1817 – 3 April 1891) was a Belgian"
"also still acted in the Netherlands. His novels are distinguished by their vigorous style and able characterization. The earlier, better-known ones betray the writer's English proclivities. The plots of ""Mary Hollis"" (1860, 3 vols, English translation, London 1872, under the title of ""Mary Hollis, a Romance of the Days of Charles II and William, Prince of Orange"", 3 vols) and of ""Mylady Carlisle"" (1864, 4 vols) are laid in England, whereas those of his ""Sinjeur Semeyns"" (1875, 3 vols), a powerful picture of the terrible year 1672, and of ""De kapitein van de lijfgarde"" (1888, 3 vols, English adaptation, 1896,"
"Jacobus de Cessolis In the second half of the 13th century, Jacobus de Cessolis, a Dominican friar in Cessole (Asti district, Piemonte, Northern Italy) used chess as the basis for a series of sermons on morality. They later became ""Liber de moribus hominum et officiis nobilium super ludo scacchorum"" ('Book of the customs of men and the duties of nobles or the Book of Chess'). The popular work was translated into many other languages, and was first printed in Utrecht in 1473. Chess historian Harold Murray asserts that the popularity of the work rivaled ""that of the Bible itself."" The"
"Fleet Street, at the Golden Cross by Fleet Bridge. There, in 1527, he printed his own translation of ‘The vertuose boke of Distyllacion of the waters of all maner of Herbes by Jherom Bruynswyke, and now newly translate out of Duyche,’ sm. folio. He appears to have translated other minor works which have not come down to us, as in the Prologue he observes: ‘After dyvers and sondry small volumes and tryfeles of myrth and pastaunce some newly composed, some translated and of late finished, [I am] now mynded to exercise my pene in mater to the reader some what"
"translation, surrounding Philip the Good in the 1460s and early 1470s, and five out of the six remaining complete copies originate in this circle. The copy made for Edward IV (London, BL Royal 19. E. v) is therefore an outlier, being produced a decade later. It is part of a larger acquisition of manuscripts from the Netherlands that Edward made at this time, over the course of only a very few years, c. 1479-1480. Edward may have become interested in owning a copy of ""Romuléon"" as part of a program of imitation of Louis de Gruuthuse, whom he visited in"
"to master it. Early in his career he met the leading printer and bibliographer of the day, William Blades, from whom he acquired a lasting fascination with the printing and typefounding crafts. While still relatively inexperienced, Reed was asked by Blades to help organise a major exhibition to mark the 400th anniversary of William Caxton's printing of ""The Game and Playe of the Chesse"". This was thought to be the first book printed in England, in 1474, and the exhibition was originally planned for 1874. However, Blades's research indicated that Caxton's first printing in England had been in 1477, of"
"translated into Dutch by Joseph Suasso de Lima with the title ""De Dolzinnige of De Gewaande Dolleman"", in 1813 a ballet-pantomime ""Het beleg en het Nemen van Troyen"" (The siege and taking of Troy) and in 1826 he translated Molière's ""Le Bourgeois gentilhomme"" (The Bourgeois Gentleman) into Dutch under the title ""De Burger Edelman"". In 1828 he became a sworn translator in the Cape Supreme Court. His French-language writings included ""Relation du naufrage de l'Eole"", published in 1829—a record of the journey made by the survivors of the Eole, a French ship that was wrecked off the coast of what"
"English College of St. Omer, in Artois, part at the Venerable English College in Rome. During the reign of Charles II of England he produced several plays and poems. In poetry his chief performances were a translation of Ovid's ""Epistle of Briseïs to Achilles"", first appearing in 1680 in a work entitled ""Ovid's Epistles, translated by several hands"", and afterwards separately; also a translation of Virgil's first Eclogue, printed in Nichol's ""Select Collection of Miscellany Poems"" and published in 1683. His plays, both of them brought out at the Duke of York's Theatre, were a tragedy written in 1666 and"
"The earliest printed work on chess theory, whose date can be established with some exactitude, is ""Repeticion de Amores y Arte de Ajedrez"" by the Spaniard Luis Ramirez de Lucena, published c. 1497, which included among other things analysis of eleven chess openings. Some of them are known today as the Giuoco Piano, Ruy Lopez, Petroff's Defense, Bishop's Opening, Damiano's Defense, and Scandinavian Defense, though Lucena did not use those terms. The authorship and date of the Göttingen manuscript are not established, and its publication date is estimated as being somewhere between 1471 and 1505. It is not known whether"
"Johann Veldener Johann Veldener (born in Würzburg, died in Leuven between 1486 and 1496), also known as Jan Veldener or Johan Veldenaer; was an early printer in Flanders. He worked as a punchcutter and printer in Cologne, together with William Caxton, who may have financed his first books. They both left for Flanders in 1472. Evidence indicates that Veldener assisted Caxton in setting up his printing office in Bruges and helped printing his first work there, the 1472-1473 ""Recuyell of the Historyes of Troye"" by Raoul Lefèvre. Afterwards, Veldener went to Leuven and set up his printing company there, becoming"
"Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey. The book is translated from Gioacchimo Greco's manuscript work on chess; it was reissued in 1750, and again in 1819 (with remarks by William Lewis). Francis Beale (writer) Francis Beale (fl. 1656) was an English author. He has been identified tentatively with the student admitted to St John's College, Cambridge of this name in 1640, who graduated B.A. at Magdalene College in 1644. Beale was the author of the ""Royall Game of Chesse Play, sometimes the Recreation of the late King with many of the Nobility, illustrated with almost one hundred Gambetts, being the study"
"July 1864, leaving a daughter and three sons. Many of these works have been reprinted in various forms. Thomas Colley Grattan Thomas Colley Grattan (1792 – 4 July 1864), was an Irish miscellaneous writer. Born in Dublin, he was educated for the law, but did not practise. He wrote a few novels, including ""The Heiress of Bruges"" (4 volumes, 1830); but his best work was ""Highways and Byways"", a description of his Continental wanderings, of which he published three series. He also wrote a history of the Netherlands and books on America. He was for some time British Consul at"
"love based on the ""Romance of the Rose. "" Both works were exquisitely illustrated by his court painter, Barthélémy d'Eyck. ""Le Mortifiement"" survives in eight illuminated manuscripts. Although Barthélémy's original is lost, the extant manuscripts include copies of his miniatures by Jean le Tavernier, Jean Colombe, and others. René is sometimes credited with the pastoral poem ""Regnault and Jeanneton"", but this was more likely a gift to the king honoring his marriage to Jeanne de Laval. King René's Tournament Book (' or '; ) describes rules of a tournament. The most famous and earliest of the many manuscript copies is"
"and Lille, attracting a number of artists, bankers, and other prominent personalities from all over Europe. The weavers and spinners of Bruges were thought to be the best in the world, and the population of Bruges grew to at least 125,000 and perhaps up to 200,000 inhabitants at this time around 1400 AD. The new oil-painting techniques of the Flemish school gained world renown. The first book in English ever printed was published in Bruges by William Caxton. This is also when Edward IV and Richard III of England spent time in exile here. Starting around 1500, the Zwin channel,"
"of these stories takes place in Troyes. Early in his career, Larivey worked as a translator of other Italian works, including the ""Facetious Nights"" (""Facétieuses Nuits"", 1573) of Straparole, the ""Philosophie fabuleuse"" (1577), the ""Philosophie"" (1581) of Piccolomini (Pope Pius II), and ""The Discourses"" of Capelloni (1595). In 1604, he published a translation of ""Ilumaniti de Jesus-Christ"" by Pietro Aretino. Pierre de Larivey Pierre de Larivey (20 July 1549 – 12 February 1619) was a French dramatist of Italian origin. He is credited with introducing the Italian ""comedy of intrigue"" into France. Little is known of Larivey's biography. The suggestion"
"at Prestongrange, in 1581. A copy of the book was in the library of Adam Bothwell, Bishop of Orkney who died in 1593. At a time when the sale of Calvinist literature was permitted in France, Breton was active in promoting Protestant literature. Richard married Jeanne Warnier, they had a daughters Jeanne and Anne, and a son Thomas. Richard's sister Nicole Breton married René Guillon, a teacher of ancient languages at the University of Paris. The preface or letter of dedication for Breton's ""Recueil des Habits"" (1562) was signed by 'François De Serpz.' In this text, François claimed to have"
"de Cessoles (fl. 1300) translated later by Caxton as ""The Game and Playe of Chesse"". The ""Regement"" survives in 43 manuscript copies. It comments much on Henry V's lineage, to cement the House of Lancaster's claim to England's throne. Its incipit is a poem encompassing about a third of the whole, containing further reminiscences of London tavern life in the form of dialogue between the poet and an old man. He also remonstrated with Sir John Oldcastle, a leading Lollard, calling on him to ""rise up, a manly knight, out of the slough of heresy."" The ""Series"", which combines autobiographical"
"in the Bibliothèque Nationale de France in Paris, where it is MS lat. 5016, folios 159v–169v. The first modern edition of the poem, in 1837, was by the German scholar Eberhard Gottlieb Graff, based on the Frankfurt manuscript alone. Jean-François Gadan published an edition in his ""Collection du bibliophile troyen: recueil de pièces concernant la ville de Troyes ou conservées dans sa bibliothèque"" (Troyes, 1851), but this was based solely on the Paris manuscript. Philippe Jaffé provided the first modern edition based on both manuscripts, in the ""Bibliotheca rerum Germanicarum"", volume IV (Berlin, 1867), pages 700–704. Only a few years"
"printed them in Leuven with a false address. In 1577 Fowler relocated to Douai, where he printed Gregory Martin's ""Treatise of Schism"" in 1578. In 1578 he moved to Rheims, and then to Namur. He died in Namur on 13 February 1579 and was buried in the city. His printing business was continued in Douai by his widow until 1602. Original works or translations for which he was personally responsible include: The translation of the ""Epistle of Orosius"" (Antwerp, 1565), ascribed to him by Wood and John Pitts, was really made by Richard Shacklock. Pitts states that he wrote in"
"piece where Puisieux translated and brought up topics in the book about the equality of sexes. She based these questions found in the 1405 publication, ""La Cité des dames (""The City of ladies"")"" by Christine de Pisan. The following year, it was republished under the title ""Le Triomphe des dames (""The Triumph of the ladies.) It is sometimes debated whether Puisieux's future husband (1713–1772) helped Puisieux with the translations used in the final publication. Born on November 28, 1713 and died in October 1772, Philippe was the French ambassador to Switzerland. Among other formalities, he was also a well-known lawyer"
"and was acted, probably in the latter year, by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Salisbury Court Theatre. Heminges's primary source for plot materials was the ""General Inventory of the History of France"" by Jean de Serres, published in English in 1607. The play was first printed in 1653, in a quarto issued by the actor turned stationer Andrew Pennycuicke. (The edition's preface is co-signed by ""A. T.,"" thought to be Anthony Turner.) The booksellers dedicated the play to the Earl and Countess of Nottingham. The prefatory matter in that edition indicates that Heminges was deceased by 1653. A second edition"