"2009. The result was another rejection of DST, by a larger margin compared to the three previous referendums. Although as previously the suburbs of the state capital, Perth, supported the proposal, it was by a much narrower margin than before with significant swings against it in several areas, most notably in the East Metropolitan region. As a result, the Premier of Western Australia has said that the DST issue should not be considered for at least another 20 years. Despite this, in September 2016 the Daylight Saving Party was established by Wilson Tucker to contest seats in the Legislative Council"
"four failed attempts) Western Australia (7 December 1989). In exchange for decriminalisation, Western Australian conservatives required a higher age of consent and an anti-proselytising provision similar to the United Kingdom's section 28, both since repealed. Queensland legalised male same-sex activity with effect from 19 January 1991 after the long-standing Nationals government had lost power. The Tasmanian Government refused to repeal its sodomy law, which led to the case of ""Toonen v Australia"", in which the United Nations Human Rights Committee ruled that sodomy laws violated the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Tasmania's continued refusal to repeal the offending"
"Nationals announced a public campaign to bring the referendum forward to 2007. The trial continued until the referendum, held on 16 May 2009. The result was another rejection of DST, by a larger margin compared to the three previous referendums. Although as previously the suburbs of the state capital, Perth, supported the proposal, it was by a much narrower margin than before with significant swings against it in several areas, most notably in the East Metropolitan region. As a result, the Premier of Western Australia has said that the DST issue should not be considered for at least another 20"
"first state or territory to adopt a different model, decriminalising prostitution in 1979. This became a model for New Zealand and a failed attempt in Western Australia in 2008. Victoria and Queensland adopted different models, based on legalisation—Victoria in 1986 and Queensland in 1992. In the remaining states of Tasmania, South Australia and Western Australia, despite intense debate and many proposed legislative reforms there has been no change in the laws. The Australian Capital Territory adopted partial decriminalisation in 1992, and the Northern Territory allowed partial decriminalisation in 1992. In all jurisdictions the issue remains divisive, and in the three"
"repealed in 1959. 1925 Western Australian prohibition referendum A referendum was held on 4 April 1925 in the Australian state of Western Australia on the topic of prohibition. The Licensing Act Amendment Act 1922 (No.39 of 1922) was assented to by the Governor of Western Australia on 22 December 1922. Section 60 of the Act (which became Section 87(e) of the Licensing Act 1911) stipulated that ""in 1925, and in every fifth year thereafter... there shall be taken a poll of the electors in every electoral district on the proposal that prohibition shall come into force in Western Australia"". It"
"that there was no such thing as native title in Australian law. The concept of ""terra nullius"" was not considered in this case, however. Court cases in 1977, 1979, and 1982 – brought by or on behalf of Aboriginal activists – challenged Australian sovereignty on the grounds that ""terra nullius"" had been improperly applied, therefore Aboriginal sovereignty should still be regarded as being intact. The courts rejected these cases, but the Australian High Court left the door open for a reassessment of whether the continent should be considered ""settled"" or ""conquered"". Later, on 1 February 2014, the traditional owners of"
"an Australian Capital Territory 'informed consent' piece of legislation, since repealed, and was defeated on a voice vote in Parliament. Copeland has since been voted out of Parliament, as he did not secure a constituency seat at the New Zealand general election held in 2008 and his Kiwi Party polled well under the five percent threshold under the MMP framework in the Electoral Act 1993. The Kiwi Party has ceased to exist and Copeland is now a member of the Conservative Party of New Zealand, a social conservative party that is not represented in the New Zealand Parliament. It supports"
"problem among remote Indigenous communities was considered so serious that a new, low aromatic petrol Opal was distributed across the Northern Territory to combat it. About 22% of land in Northern Australia (Kimberley, Top End and Cape York) is now Aboriginal-owned. In the last decade, nearly 200 native title claims covering 1.3 million km of land – approximately 18% of the Australian continent – have been approved. In 1992, in ""Mabo v Queensland"", the High Court of Australia recognised native title in Australia for the first time. The majority in the High Court rejected the doctrine of ""terra nullius"", in"
"Aiden Ridgway of the Australian Democrats served as a senator during the 1990s, but No indigenous person was elected to the House of Representatives, until West Australian Liberal Ken Wyatt, in August 2010. In 1984, a group of Pintupi people who were living a traditional hunter-gatherer desert-dwelling life were tracked down in the Gibson Desert in Western Australia and brought in to a settlement. They are believed to be the last uncontacted tribe in Australia. In 1985, the Hawke Government returned ownership of Uluru (formerly known as Ayers Rock) to the local Pitjantjatjara Aboriginal people. In 1992, the High Court"
"appointed by the Queensland Parliament to replace a retiring senator, becoming the first Aborigine in Federal Parliament. In 1976, Sir Douglas Nicholls was appointed Governor of South Australia, becoming the first Aborigine to hold vice-regal office in Australia. Aden Ridgeway of the Australian Democrats served as a senator during the 1990s, but no indigenous person was elected to the House of Representatives, until West Australian Liberal Ken Wyatt, in August 2010. In 1992, the High Court of Australia handed down its decision in the Mabo Case, declaring the previous legal concept of ""terra nullius"" to be invalid. That same year,"
"agree with the proposal that prohibition shall come into force in Western Australia?"" No further polls were held on the topic of liquor licensing, and Section 87 of the Licensing Act was repealed in 1959. 1950 Western Australian prohibition referendum A referendum was held on 9 December 1950 in the Australian state of Western Australia on the topic of prohibition. It was the fourth referendum on the topic of liquor licensing, and the second put to voters with the same wording. The proposal that alcohol should be prohibited was rejected by a majority of voters. The referendum was conducted pursuant"
"in ""Mabo v Queensland (No 2)"" (1992). ""Mabo No 2"", rejecting ""terra nullius"", held that native title exists (6–1) and is extinguishable by the sovereign (7–0), without compensation (4–3). In the wake of the decision, the Australian Parliament passed the Native Title Act 1993 (NTA), codifying the doctrine and establishing the National Native Title Tribunal (NNTT). ""Western Australia v Commonwealth"" upheld the NTA and struck down a conflicting Western Australia statute. In 1996, the High Court held that pastoral leases, which cover nearly half of Australia, do not extinguish native title in ""Wik Peoples v Queensland"". In response, Parliament passed"
"Title Act and struck down a conflicting Western Australia statute. The Act was amended by the Howard Government in 1998, and again in 2007, and by the Rudd Government in 2009. In 1996, the High Court's decision in ""Wik Peoples v Queensland"" was handed down. The case dealt with the question of whether pastoral leases granted between 1910 and 1974 in Far North Queensland had the effect of extinguishing native title. A 4:3 majority of the judges decided that the grant of a pastoral lease did not confer exclusive possession, and that native title could therefore continue to exist –"
"1925 Western Australian prohibition referendum A referendum was held on 4 April 1925 in the Australian state of Western Australia on the topic of prohibition. The Licensing Act Amendment Act 1922 (No.39 of 1922) was assented to by the Governor of Western Australia on 22 December 1922. Section 60 of the Act (which became Section 87(e) of the Licensing Act 1911) stipulated that ""in 1925, and in every fifth year thereafter... there shall be taken a poll of the electors in every electoral district on the proposal that prohibition shall come into force in Western Australia"". It also provided that"
"go ahead. The bill for the plebiscite was introduced to the Parliament on September 14, 2016. On October 11, the Labor caucus unanimously decided to bind against it. With Labor's numbers against it in the Senate, passage of the plebiscite bill was widely considered impossible. It passed the House on October 20, but was voted down by the Senate on November 7. (However, after Unsworth's death, a popular vote on same-sex marriage did take place in the form of the Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey.) LGBTI advocates have repeatedly criticised the debate about marriage equality in Australia as vitriolic, and"
"remained optional. In 1998, the Howard Government amended the Flags Act 1953 to require a plebiscite to change the Flag of Australia. There is some debate over whether such legislation is legally enforceable, and a new parliament could simply amend or repeal the legislation at any time. Australians have rejected most proposals for constitutional amendments, approving only 8 out of 44 referendums submitted to them since federation. Noting the difficulty of the referendum process, then Prime Minister Robert Menzies said in 1951, ""The truth of the matter is that to get an affirmative vote from the Australian people on a"
"1950 Western Australian prohibition referendum A referendum was held on 9 December 1950 in the Australian state of Western Australia on the topic of prohibition. It was the fourth referendum on the topic of liquor licensing, and the second put to voters with the same wording. The proposal that alcohol should be prohibited was rejected by a majority of voters. The referendum was conducted pursuant to Section 87(e) of the Licensing Act 1911, which had been added by an amending act in 1922 and allowed for five-yearly referendums. However, none had been conducted since the 1925 poll. Question: ""Do you"
"introduced from both the Australian Greens and the Australian Democrats have tried to add sexuality and/or gender identity to the list of matters that can be investigated by the Commission, which has always failed to pass at least one house of parliament since 1995, because of a lack of support from both the Australian Labor Party and the Coalition in the federal parliament. In late 2010, the Gillard Labor Government announced that it was undertaking a review of federal anti-discrimination laws, with the aim of introducing a single equality act that would include sexual orientation and gender identity. This was"
"state legislatures in 1974. In 1976, Sir Douglas Nicholls was appointed Governor of South Australia, becoming the first Aborigine to hold vice-regal office in Australia. Aden Ridgeway of the Australian Democrats served as a senator during the 1990s, but no indigenous person was elected to the House of Representatives, until West Australian Liberal Ken Wyatt, in August 2010.In 1992, the High Court of Australia handed down its decision in the Mabo Case, recognising native title. That same year, Prime Minister Paul Keating said in his Redfern Park Speech that European settlers were responsible for the difficulties Australian Aboriginal communities continued"
"informed the plebiscite was not legally binding and dropped further to 25% when the $160 million expected cost of the plebiscite was raised. An August 2016 Essential Media poll found that 57% of respondents stated they would vote 'yes' in a plebiscite to the question; ""Do you approve of a law to permit people of the same-sex to marry?"" A further 28% of respondents stated they would vote 'no' and 15% were unsure. A poll carried out by the University of Melbourne in September 2016 found that Maranoa, in southwest Queensland, is the only electorate in the country where a"
"McGinty v Western Australia McGinty v Western Australia, was a significant case decided in the High Court of Australia in 1996. It concerned a challenge by the Western Australia Labor Party leader Jim McGinty of the 1996 election results on the basis of malapportionment. The plaintiffs sought to enshrine the principle of ‘one vote one value’ in the Australian Constitution, and has had a significant impact on how the High Court approaches matters of the franchise, as well as malapportionment. The plaintiff's submissions were unanimously rejected by the court, who found that the interpretation of sections 7 and 24 of"
"applied there. Residents of Australia's external territories do not vote in referendums. Voting has been compulsory in Australia since 1924. Similar to a referendum is a plebiscite, which is conducted by the government to decide a matter relating to ordinary statute law, an advisory question of policy, or as a prelude to the submission of a formal referendum question, rather than a binding and entrenched alteration (amendment) to the Constitution. Plebiscites can offer a variety of options, rather than a simple yes/no question. Four national plebiscites have been held as of 2017. Unlike in referendums, voting in a plebiscite has"
"(30.79%) out of all Australian referendum questions. 1988 Australian referendum The 1988 Australian Referendum was held on 3 September, 1988. It contained four referendum questions, none of which passed. The failure was generally attributed to the open ended and nondescriptive wording of the proposed amendments. Constitution Alteration (Parliamentary Terms) 1988 was a proposal put to referendum in the Australian referendum, 1988. It proposed to alter the Australian constitution such that Senate terms be reduced from six to four years, and House of Representative terms be increased from three years to four years. It also proposed for the fourth time that"
"dealt with under the same legislation. The Family Law Act 1975 was amended in 1988 to reflect this agreement (although this did not happen in relation to Queensland until 1990). Western Australia, however, did not enter into the agreement and has maintained its own separate Family Court which deals with federal legislation (such as the Family Law Act) as well as state legislation such as the Family Court Act (WA). The Court has jurisdiction over all marriage-related cases in all states and territories of Australia, except Western Australia which has its own family court. An avenue of appeal to the"
"failure, a federal commission recommended against such a measure. In 1976, as part of the land claims negotiations between the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (then called the ""Inuit Tapirisat of Canada"") and the federal government, the parties discussed division of the Northwest Territories to provide a separate territory for the Inuit. On April 14, 1982, a plebiscite on division was held throughout the Northwest Territories. A majority of the residents voted in favour and the federal government gave a conditional agreement seven months later. The land claims agreement was completed in September 1992 and ratified by nearly 85% of the voters"
"unconstitutional. In 1976, a change occurred in the Court's membership, with McTiernan J resigning and being replaced by Aickin J. The State of Queensland, which had been a plaintiff in the 1975 case, again challenged the validity of the law allowing Senate representation. The State of Western Australia, which had also been a plaintiff in the 1975 case, brought an action challenging the constitutional validity of the laws providing for territory representation in the House of Representatives. The plaintiff States argued that the 1975 case had been wrongly decided and should be overruled. The Commonwealth argued that 1975 case had"
"was passed to create a Land Commission and introduce urban land price controls. However, a bill to create ""a right to privacy"" was defeated in the upper house after protests from journalists, as was legislation to mandate refunds to consumers for returning beverage containers and therefore promote recycling. In 1975, Dunstan declared Australia's first legal nude bathing reserve. Prior to the 1975 federal and state elections, Australia, and South Australia in particular, had been hit by a series of economic problems. The 1973 oil crisis had massively increased the cost of living, domestic industry began to erode due to a"
"held on 10 April 1919. From 17 December 1919 the additional option of ""state purchase and control"" of liquor (i.e. nationalisation) was added to the ballot. The Sale of Liquor Act 1989 abolished the national liquor referendum. Local restoration polls were still held in areas that were still 'dry', but the last three, Mount Eden, Mount Roskill and Tawa, all became 'wet' in 1999. There have been two referendums on pub closing times. The government may call referendums on any issues on which it wishes. These will usually be on issues on which the government is split. For the 1997"
"promised to hold a national vote on same-sex marriage in the form of a compulsory plebiscite. Opposition to this idea centred on its criticism as an expensive delaying tactic and that it was the duty of the parliament, rather than a matter related to the Australian Constitution. While the Coalition won 76 of the 150 seats in the lower house in the 2016 election and managed to form a majority government by one seat, they failed to pass the necessary legislation for a (compulsory attendance) referendum/plebiscite. The legislation passed the House of Representatives on 20 October 2016 by a vote"
"plebiscite via postal mail, a proposal which received a mixed response. Soon after that the issue of same-sex couples being unable to divorce in Australia following a marriage in an overseas jurisdiction (where same-sex marriage is legal) emerged. In August 2017, the United Nations Human Rights Committee ruled that the lack of an official same-sex divorce scheme in Australia constituted a breach of human rights and stated the Australian Government was obligated to provide ""an effective remedy"". Liberal MP's who raised the prospect of a free vote in the party in June 2017 had their advances rejected by several members"
"at different times in each Colony/State. While the abolition of the upper houses was often proposed, the only instance in which this occurred was Queensland, which became monocameral in 1922 (when the Legislative Council of Queensland was abolished). Gradually the various upper houses became directly-elected and property qualifications were removed. Indigenous Australians received the right to vote at different times in different states. In 1964, Western Australia removed restrictions on the voting rights of indigenous people and abolished the property qualification for the Legislative Council of Western Australia. The following year Queensland became the last state to lift restrictions on"
"Referendums amendment passing. Voters in the territories, however, were able to vote on the plebiscite. 1977 Australian referendum The 1977 Australian Referendum was held on 21 May 1977. It contained four referendum questions and one non-binding plebiscite. This referendum had a particularly strong ""Yes"" vote. All but one of the referendum questions was carried, and the only one to not be carried had a clear national majority, but was held back by not achieving a majority of the states. No referendum since then has been successful. The four referendum questions were only voted on in the states; voters in the"
"been referred to the Federal Court, however on each occasion the petition has been dismissed. In 2009 a Full Court of the Federal Court confirmed that there is no appeal from a decision of the Federal Court sitting as the Court of Disputed Returns. The 2013 Senate election for Western Australia was close for the 5th and 6th Senate seats. The critical part of the count was which of 2 candidates should be excluded, referred to as the 50th exclusion point. The difference between the 2 candidates was 14 votes. After the original scrutiny and a fresh scrutiny the 5th"