"ball, ball, fitness ball, gym ball, gymnastic ball, physio ball, pilates ball, naval mine, Pezzi ball, stability ball, Swedish ball, therapy ball, or yoga ball. The physical object known as a ""Swiss Ball"" was developed in 1963 by Aquilino Cosani, an Italian plastics manufacturer. He perfected a process for moulding large puncture-resistant plastic balls. Those balls, then known as ""Pezzi balls"", were first used in treatment programs for newborns and infants by Mary Quinton, a British physiotherapist working in Switzerland. Later, Dr. Susanne Klein-Vogelbach, the director at the Physical Therapy School in Basel, Switzerland, integrated the use of ball exercise"
"use out of one. Today, numerous versions can be found in most stores, ranging anywhere from . Many are manufactured in China. The European ""Hop!"" balls appeared in the beginning of the 1990s and are still available. Made by Italy's Ledragomma/Ledraplastic, these are essentially the quality exercise ball with a handle attached. The sizes of these balls range from the ""Hop! 45"" to the ""Hop! 66"" (66 cm, about 26 in). While it is still used for fun and exercise by many adults, the Hop! 66 is still borderline child sized. So demand for truly adult proportioned hopping balls was"
"Lolo ball A Lolo Ball, also known as a Pogo Ball, Springbal, Lolobal, Disc-O, Pogobal, or Pogo-It, is a toy. It consists of a seamless figure-8 rubber ball locked into a structurally supported, sturdy plastic platform. To play with it, one stands on the plastic platform, balancing one's weight on the bottom portion of the rubber ball, and jumps or hops around in the same manner as one would use a pogo stick. Invented by two Belgian men Van Der Cleyen and Ribbens in 1969, the lolo ball became a fad in the mid-1980s when Hasbro mass-produced it. Hasbro produced"
"Cage ball A cage ball, also known as an Earth ball, is a large, inflated ball, used in many American elementary schools physical education programs. Cage balls typically have a diameter of 48"" or 60"", though 72"" diameter models are available. The inventor of the cage ball is Doctor Emmett Dunn Angell. Physical education teachers will make many uses of cage balls, but perhaps the most common use is to employ it in a pseudo-soccer game. Because of its size, the ball is virtually impossible to dribble downfield, and students simply push against it with their bodies, often with several"
"bladder in. In addition to pseudo-soccer, there is also Omnikin, a Canadian game. Omnikin (also known as Kin-Ball) is a game among primarily three teams who work together to earn points by making the other teams drop the ball. Cage ball A cage ball, also known as an Earth ball, is a large, inflated ball, used in many American elementary schools physical education programs. Cage balls typically have a diameter of 48"" or 60"", though 72"" diameter models are available. The inventor of the cage ball is Doctor Emmett Dunn Angell. Physical education teachers will make many uses of cage"
"whilst holding it. Some medicine balls are up to 14"" wide and up to 14 lbs weight, or in the form of weighted basketballs. A med ball is used for children training as the best way to overcome fear of free weights exercises. Hippocrates is said to have stuffed animal skins for patients to toss for “medicinal” purposes. Similar large balls were used in Persia in 1705. The term ""medicine ball"" dates back to at least 1876, in ""American Gymnasia and Academic Record"", by Robert Jenkins Roberts, Jr. Medicine ball A medicine ball (also known as an exercise ball, a"
"Medicine ball A medicine ball (also known as an exercise ball, a med ball, or a fitness ball) is a weighted ball roughly the diameter of the shoulders (approx. 13.7 inches), often used for rehabilitation and strength training. The medicine ball also serves an important role in the field of sports medicine. However, it should not be confused with the inflated exercise ball, which is larger (up to 36"" diameter). Medicine balls are usually sold as balls and are used effectively in ballistic training to increase explosive power in athletes in all sports e.g. throwing the medicine ball or jumping"
"Super Ball A Super Ball (a.k.a. SuperBall) is a toy bouncing ball based on a type of synthetic rubber invented in 1964 by chemist Norman Stingley. It is an extremely elastic ball made of Zectron which contains the synthetic polymer polybutadiene as well as hydrated silica, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and other ingredients. This compound is vulcanized with sulfur at a temperature of and formed at a pressure of . The resulting Super Ball has a very high coefficient of restitution, and dropped from shoulder level, a Super Ball bounces nearly all the way back; thrown down by an average"
"compliance and frictional effect in the collision. It cannot be explained by rigid body impact theory, and would not occur were the ball perfectly rigid. Tangential compliance is the degree to which one body clings to rather than slips over another at the point of impact. Super Ball A Super Ball (a.k.a. SuperBall) is a toy bouncing ball based on a type of synthetic rubber invented in 1964 by chemist Norman Stingley. It is an extremely elastic ball made of Zectron which contains the synthetic polymer polybutadiene as well as hydrated silica, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and other ingredients. This"
"Bouncy ball A bouncy ball or rubber ball is a spherical toy ball, usually fairly small, made of elastic material which allows it to bounce against hard surfaces. When thrown against a hard surface, bouncy balls retain their momentum and much of their kinetic energy (or, if dropped, convert much of their potential energy to kinetic energy). They can thus rebound with an appreciable fraction of their original force. Solid rubber balls such as the Spaldeen (a corruption of Spalding, the manufacturer), about the size of a tennis ball and often colored pink, have been manufactured since the 1930s and"
"remain so into the 21st century. They were fundamental to the development of American street games such as stickball, in addition to other uses in play. Other manufacturers have made similar balls, such as the Pensie Pinkie. A superball or power ball is a bouncy ball of composed of a type of synthetic rubber (originally a hard elastomer Polybutadiene alloy named Zectron) invented in 1964, with has a higher coefficient of restitution (0.92) than older balls such as the Spaldeen, so that when dropped from moderate height onto a level hard surface, it wall bounce nearly all the way back"
"exercise when compared to a stable surface. Exercises such as a curl-up on an exercise ball yields a greater amount of electromyography (EMG) activity compared to exercises on a stable platform. BOSU A BOSU Balance Trainer (or BOSU ball) is a fitness training device, invented in 1999 by David Weck.It consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. The device is often used for balance training. When the dome side faces up, the BOSU ball provides an unstable surface while the device remains stable. This combination of stable/unstable allows a wide range of users, from the young,"
"Wiffle ball Wiffle ball is a variation of the sport of baseball designed for indoor or outdoor play in confined areas. The game is played using a perforated, light-weight, resilient plastic ball and a long, typically yellow, plastic bat. Miniature versions of baseball have been played for decades, including stickball, improvised by children, using everything from rolled up socks to tennis balls. The ball most commonly used in the game was invented by David N. Mullany at his home in Fairfield, Connecticut in 1953 when he designed a ball that curved easily for his 12-year-old son. It was named when"
"popular 12- or 14-inch balls. This also may have allowed for play on smaller playgrounds or even indoors, accommodating the Chicago landscape and climate. Another possible advantage of the 16-inch ball was that it allowed everyone to play barehanded, and gloves were a rare luxury as the Great Depression hit Chicago particularly hard. After the first national championship held in 1933 at the Century of Progress World's Fair, the sport grew in popularity. A professional league was formed that lasted through the 1950s. Teams drew crowds of over 10,000 each night. Leagues continue today but not at the same level"
"Their prototype was completed in August 1937. 1937 Cyclamate 1938 Beach ball A beach ball is an inflatable ball for beach and water games. Their large size and light weight take little effort to propel; they travel very slowly and generally must be caught with two hands, making them ideal for lazy games and for children. Their lightness and size make them difficult to use in even moderate wind. The beach ball was invented in California by Jonathon DeLonge in 1938. 1938 Fiberglass The technique of heating and drawing glass into fine fibers has been used for millennia. The use"
"""Jo'bulani"", was used at the final in Johannesburg. The ball was constructed using a new design, consisting of eight thermally bonded, three-dimensional panels. These were spherically moulded from ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). The surface of the ball was textured with grooves, a technology developed by Adidas called GripnGroove that was intended to improve the ball's aerodynamics. The design received considerable academic input, being developed in partnership with researchers from Loughborough University, United Kingdom. The balls were made in China, using latex bladders made in India, thermoplastic polyurethane-elastomer from Taiwan, ethylene vinyl acetate, isotropic polyester/cotton fabric, and glue"
"this effect is referred to as ""knuckling"". Older designs of the ball have a knuckle speed of around . NASA scientists at the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory at NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California, concluded that the Jabulani, with its relatively smoother surface, starts to knuckle at a higher speed of . This coincides with the typical speed of a ball following a free-kick around the goal area making the effect more visible. Adidas Jabulani The Jabulani is a football manufactured by Adidas. It was the official match ball for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The ball is made"
"Bolo bat The Bolo bat was a child's toy popular in the 1930s through the 1960s. It consisted of a round wooden paddle-like bat with a handle, not unlike a ping-pong paddle, attached to the center of which was a piece of elastic band about three feet long. Attached to end of the elastic band was a rubber ball about an inch in diameter. The child would bat the ball as far as the elastic would allow it to travel. When it reached the furthest distance from the bat that the elastic would allow, it sprang back at the bat"
"Beach ball A beach ball is an inflatable ball for beach and water games. Their large size and light weight take little effort to propel; they travel very slowly and generally must be caught with two hands. They became popular in the beach-themed films of the 1960s starring Annette Funicello and Frankie Avalon. These movies include ""Beach Party"", ""Muscle Beach Party"", ""Beach Blanket Bingo"" and ""How to Stuff a Wild Bikini"". Beach balls range from hand-sized to over across or larger. They generally have a set of soft plastic panels, with two circular end panels, one with an oral inflation"
"the Buckminsterfullerene (fullerene) (C), or ""buckyball,"" molecule, an allotrope of elemental carbon, discovered in 1985. The diameter of the football and the fullerene molecule are 22 cm and about 0.71 nm, respectively, hence the size ratio is ≈31,000,000:1. In popular craft culture, large sparkleballs can be made using a icosahedron pattern and plastic, styrofoam or paper cups. A truncated icosahedron with ""solid edges"" by Leonardo da Vinci appears as an illustration in Luca Pacioli's book De divina proportione. These uniform star-polyhedra, and one icosahedral stellation have nonuniform truncated icosahedra convex hulls: In the mathematical field of graph theory, a truncated"
"extremely fast ball, very tough, and bounces well. The name comes from the fact that it is made of cow leather. The dimensions of the ball for adult games are 42 mm diameter, 138 mm circumference, and 42 gr weight. The objective of an ""Escala i corda"" game is sending the ball over a net by hitting it with the hand. When the opponent does not return it, the sending team wins the ""quinze"". Matches are played to 12 games, counting 5 to 5: every game scoring is valid for 5 points. Every game is divided in 4 ""quinzes"" (15,"
"manufactures phenolic resin balls. Other plastics and resins such as polyester (under various trade names) and clear acrylic are also used, by competing companies such as Elephant Balls Ltd. and Frenzy Sports. Ivory balls remained in use in artistic billiards competition until the late 20th century. In the realm of carom billiards (or carambole) games, three balls are used to play straight-rail, three-cushion, balkline, five-pins, and related games on pocketless billiards tables. The exception is four-ball which needs an extra object ball. Carom balls are not numbered, and at 61–61.5 mm (between approximately and in) in diameter are larger than"
"Glendora, California. 1934 Trampoline (modern) A trampoline is a gymnastic and recreational device consisting of a piece of taut, strong fabric stretched over a steel frame using many coiled springs to provide a rebounding force which propels the jumper high into the air. In a trampoline, the fabric is not elastic itself; the elasticity is provided by the springs which connect it to the frame. While the trampoline is an old invention which relied on crude and flawed designs, the modern trampoline was invented by George Nissen and Larry Griswold around 1934. 1934 Acrostic (puzzle) An acrostic is a type"
"sports equipment maker for CONMEBOL, replacing the ""Mercurial Veloci Hi-Vis"" in 2009. The ball, approved by FIFA and weighing approximately 422 g, has a spherical shape that allows the ball to fly faster, farther, and more accurately. According to Nike, the ball's geometric precision distributes pressure evenly across panels and around the ball. The compressed polyethylene layer stores energy from impact and releases it at launch, and the 6-wing carbon-latex air chamber improves acceleration. Another feature of the ball is its rubber layer; it was designed to allow a better response while retaining the impact energy and releases it in"
"of five chrome steel ball bearings, each weighing , and is nearly as efficient as a desktop model. The cradle device with the largest diameter collision balls on public display was visible for more than a year in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, at the retail store American Science and Surplus (see photo). Each ball was an inflatable exercise ball in diameter (encased in steel rings), and was supported from the ceiling using extremely strong magnets. It was dismantled in early August 2010 due to maintenance concerns. Newton's cradle has been used more than 20 times in movies, often as a trope on"
"brand should be capitalized, and it should only be used in reference to a product currently manufactured by The Wiffle Ball, Inc."" In science, it is frequently used by marine biologists as a size reference in photos to measure corals and other objects. Wiffle ball Wiffle ball is a variation of the sport of baseball designed for indoor or outdoor play in confined areas. The game is played using a perforated, light-weight, resilient plastic ball and a long, typically yellow, plastic bat. Miniature versions of baseball have been played for decades, including stickball, improvised by children, using everything from rolled"
"Bilibo Bilibo is a ""shell-shaped, hard-wearing piece of plastic"" used as a toy. It is produced in six different colors. It was developed in 2001 by Swiss designer Alex Hochstrasser in consultation with experts for child development. The form has been designed for children of various ages to sit comfortably in the shell whilst controlling their movements by touching the ground with their hands and feet. According to a child's age and interests Bilibo is used as an accessory for role- and fantasy-play, it can be filled with objects, sand or water and emptied again or stacked. Rocking, spinning and"
"BOSU A BOSU Balance Trainer (or BOSU ball) is a fitness training device, invented in 1999 by David Weck.It consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. The device is often used for balance training. When the dome side faces up, the BOSU ball provides an unstable surface while the device remains stable. This combination of stable/unstable allows a wide range of users, from the young, elderly, or injured to the elite level athlete. With the dome side up, the device can be used for athletic drills and aerobic activities. The device can be flipped over so"
"Pallone Pallone (; Italian for an inflated ball, source of the English word ""balloon"") is the name of several traditional ball games, played in all regions of Italy, with few differences in regulations. Pallone col bracciale or simply ""bracciale"" was particularly popular throughout Italy and it was considered the most popular sport of ancient Italian national sports since the 16th century and its first official regulations invented by Antonio Scaino from Salò date back to 1555. This sport and its champions were described by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Karl Philipp Moritz, Christian Joseph Jagemann, Richard Colt Hoare, Jacob Burckhardt, William"
"the infomercial as ""silly"" in 2014. Abdominizer The Abdominizer (often spelled Abdomenizer) was an abdominal exerciser invented in 1984 by Canadian chiropractor Dennis Colonello and marketed through infomercials by the Fitness Quest corporation of Canton, Ohio, selling around six million. It was an almost flat, saddle-like piece of thermoformed plastic, about 2 by 3 feet, with handles and a depression for the tailbone. The product was designed to protect the lower back during sit-ups. Colonello said in an interview in 2014 that the aim was to help people such as farmers consulting his practice in Ontario to do some exercise"
"was made of solid rubber and weighed up to 4 kg or more, with sizes that differed greatly over time or according to the version played. Games took place between two individuals and between two teams of players. The ballgame played out within a large masonry structure which contained a long narrow playing alley flanked by walls with both horizontal and sloping (or, more rarely, vertical) surfaces. The walls were often plastered and brightly painted. A version of the game called Ulama is still played in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. Mexico's most popular team sport is association football. Football"
"Abdominizer The Abdominizer (often spelled Abdomenizer) was an abdominal exerciser invented in 1984 by Canadian chiropractor Dennis Colonello and marketed through infomercials by the Fitness Quest corporation of Canton, Ohio, selling around six million. It was an almost flat, saddle-like piece of thermoformed plastic, about 2 by 3 feet, with handles and a depression for the tailbone. The product was designed to protect the lower back during sit-ups. Colonello said in an interview in 2014 that the aim was to help people such as farmers consulting his practice in Ontario to do some exercise to develop core strength. He made"
"sold the design to Wham-O in 1957. In 1959, Wham-O marketed a slightly modified version of the toy, which they renamed the Frisbee—and once again a Wham-O toy became a common part of 1950s life. In the early 1960s, Wham-O created the Super Ball, a high-bouncing ball made of a hard elastomer Polybutadiene alloy, dubbed Zectron, with a 0.92 coefficient of restitution when bounced on hard surfaces. Around 20 million Super Balls were sold that decade, and the NFL named the Super Bowl games after it. The Frisbee and Hula Hoop created fads. With other products, Wham-O tried to capitalize"