"Arnica montana Arnica montana, also known as wolf's bane, leopard's bane, mountain tobacco and mountain arnica, is a moderately toxic ethnobotanical European flowering plant in the sunflower family. It is noted for its large yellow flower head. The names ""wolf's bane"" and ""leopard's bane"" are also used for another plant, aconitum, which is extremely poisonous. ""Arnica montana"" is used as an herbal medicine for analgesic and anti-inflammatory purposes. Clinical trials have produced mixed results. ""Arnica montana"" is a flowering plant about tall aromatic fragrant, perennial herb. Its basal green ovate-cilitate leaves with rounded tips are bright coloured and level to"
"deprotonation of the phenol. Thymol has a refractive index of 1.5208 and an experimental dissociation exponent (p""K"") of . Thymol absorbs maximum UV radiation at 274 nm. Thymol is chemically related to the anesthetic propofol. Regions lacking natural sources of thymol obtain the compound via total synthesis. Thymol is produced from ""m""-cresol and propene in the gas phase: The bee balms ""Monarda fistulosa"" and ""Monarda didyma"", North American wildflowers, are natural sources of thymol. The Blackfoot Native Americans recognized these plants' strong antiseptic action, and used poultices of the plants for skin infections and minor wounds. A tisane made from"
"better than many other herbs. Oil of thyme, the essential oil of common thyme (""Thymus vulgaris""), contains 20–54% thymol. Thyme essential oil also contains a range of additional compounds, such as ""p""-cymene, myrcene, borneol, and linalool. Thymol, an antiseptic, is an active ingredient in various commercially produced mouthwashes such as Listerine. Before the advent of modern antibiotics, oil of thyme was used to medicate bandages. Thyme Thyme () is an aromatic perennial evergreen herb with culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses. The most common variety is ""Thymus vulgaris"". Thyme is of the genus ""Thymus"" of the mint family (Lamiaceae), and a"
"is used in traditional medicin in its home range to treat amongst others diarrhoea, high blood pressure, congestive heart failure, palpitation, asthma and arteriosclerosis. The parts of this plant contain chemical compounds such as triterpenes, monoterpene glucosides and phenols. Extract of the root stabilises heart beat rates, relaxes the airways and reduces blood clotting. Paeoninol and paeonin C from the fruit inhibit lipoxygenase, an enzyme that produces substances associated with asthma, inflammation, and the growth of bloodvessels in tumors. Paeoninol and paeonin C are active as antioxidant. Research illustrated that an ethanol extract of ""P. emodi"" suppressed the growth of"
"In Ayurveda, the astringent rind of the pomegranate, containing polyphenols called punicalagins, is used as a medicine. Terpenes and terpenoids of many kinds are found in a variety of medicinal plants, and in resinous plants such as the conifers. They are strongly aromatic and serve to repel herbivores. Their scent makes them useful in essential oils, whether for perfumes such as rose and lavender, or for aromatherapy. Some have medicinal uses: for example, thymol is an antiseptic and was once used as a vermifuge (anti-worm medicine). Medicinal plants demand intensive management. Different species each require their own distinct conditions of"
"or orange-brown powder, consisting of the glandular hairs rubbed from the dry pods, principally used for dyeing silk to brilliant orange color; the active compound for it is flemingin. In Arabia, the powder is used as cosmetic. Extracts from ""Flemingia"" species have been used as a traditional medicine for treating rheumatism. Flemingia macrophylla Flemingia macrophylla a is woody leguminous shrub belonging to the genus ""Flemingia"". It is a multipurpose plant widely used in agriculture, crop improvement, fodder, dyes and for various therapeutic purposes. Perhaps, it is the most versatile species of ""Flemingia"" in terms of adaptation, medicinal and agricultural applications."
"the cornels (""vrignàli""), the hawthorn prunellas (""trìnche"")], those medicinal valerian (""valleriàna""), angelic, gentian, gentianella, camomile (""cammumìlla""), hyssop (""isópu""), milfoil, the flowers dogrose (""rosa janàra""), hollyhock (""mmàrva""), althaea (""malvónu""), wild carnation, iris, cyclamen (""scocciapiàtti""), snowdrop, broom (""jnéstra""), poppy (""papàgnu""), daisy wheel, sweet violet (""viulètta""), primrose (""viòla iànca"")], those poisonous belladonna, hemlock, hellebore, equisetum (""córa de órba""), mistletoe (""viscògna"")]. Other plants of considerable diffusion are the red thorn (""spinapóce""), the masculine and feminine ferns, the elder (""sammùcu"") and the wild elder (""mùnnegliu""), the rush (""jùncu""), the euphorbia (""tutumàglia""), the ivy (""èllera""), the wild carrot, the mercurial grass (""èrva mercurèlla""), the ononis spinosa"
"excessive bleeding, tumors, and general inflammation. A liquid extract or tincture prepared with the bark is used internally as a stimulant, tonic, and astringent, and externally for rheumatism, gout, and syphilis. Recently, the fruit of the plant has been studied and shows promise as a treatment for MRSA. A chemical in the berry appears to stop bacteria from producing a toxin which breaks down tissue. It also appears to suppress the way the bacteria communicate. Schinus terebinthifolia Schinus terebinthifolius is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae, that is native to subtropical and tropical South America (southeastern"
"pinkish and are very fragrant. According to Indian ancient system of medicine Ayurveda, Dash Mool a very powerful combination of ten different roots to improve body vigor and maintain good health contains ""Clerodendrum phlomidis"" (Arni) Root. The pulp obtained from the crushing of the leaves is applied externally on swelling. Clerodendrum phlomidis Clerodendrum phlomidis is a species of flowering plant in the Lamiaceae family. The plant has been used in Ayurvedic medicine, and some Ayurvedic sources refer to it by the synonym Clerodendrum multiflorum. In India, the plant is known as Arni. It is a large shrub common in India"
"where the range of its growth can be limited. It is also suitable for a bog garden or as an aquatic marginal plant. The cultivar 'Aurea' (golden creeping Jenny) has yellow leaves, and is somewhat less aggressive than the species. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. Moneywort is used in herbalism for healing wounds. The plant contains a number of phenolic acids. In traditional Chinese Medicine, ""Lysimachia"" (whole plant) is used to treat stone lin syndrome, which encompasses gall stones and urinary bladder stones. Some practitioners are using this herb to battle painful gout symptoms."
"Typha domingensis Typha domingensis, known commonly as southern cattail or cumbungi, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus ""Typha"". It is found throughout temperate and tropical regions worldwide. It is sometimes found as a subdominant associate in mangrove ecosystems such as the Petenes mangroves ecoregion of Yucatán. In Turkish folk medicine the female inflorescences of this plant and other ""Typha"" are used externally to treat wounds such as burns. Extracts of ""T. domingensis"" have been demonstrated to have wound healing properties in rat models. Water extracts of the fruit, female flower and male flower of ""Typha domingensis"" exhibit iron"
"Gray as a medicinal plant: A comprehensive review of its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacotoxicology and clinical relevance. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 220, 94–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.025 Tithonia diversifolia Tithonia diversifolia is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family that is commonly known as the tree marigold, Mexican tournesol, Mexican sunflower, Japanese sunflower or Nitobe chrysanthemum. It is native to Mexico and Central America but has a nearly pantropical distribution as an introduced species. Depending on the area they may be either annual or perennial. It has shown great potential in raising the soil fertility in soils depleted in nutrients. Originating in Mexico;"
"Thyme Thyme () is an aromatic perennial evergreen herb with culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses. The most common variety is ""Thymus vulgaris"". Thyme is of the genus ""Thymus"" of the mint family (Lamiaceae), and a relative of the oregano genus ""Origanum. Ancient Egyptians used thyme for embalming. The ancient Greeks used it in their baths and burnt it as incense in their temples, believing it was a source of courage. The spread of thyme throughout Europe was thought to be due to the Romans, as they used it to purify their rooms and to ""give an aromatic flavour to cheese"
"rosemary are worn on ANZAC Day and sometimes Remembrance Day to signify remembrance; the herb grows wild on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis, commonly known as rosemary, is a woody, perennial herb with fragrant, evergreen, needle-like leaves and white, pink, purple, or blue flowers, native to the Mediterranean region. It is a member of the mint family Lamiaceae, which includes many other herbs. The name ""rosemary"" derives from the Latin for ""dew"" (""ros"") and ""sea"" (""marinus""), or ""dew of the sea"". The plant is also sometimes called anthos, from the ancient Greek word ἄνθος, meaning ""flower"". Rosemary has a"
"should be recognized as species which ones merit subspecies or variety status, and which ones should be relegated to the dustbin of synonymy. For convenience, The Plant List maintained by the Kew Botanic Gardens in London is followed. Achillea Achillea is a group of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. The genus was named after the Greek mythological character Achilles. According to legend, Achilles' soldiers used yarrow to treat their wounds, hence some of its common names such as allheal and bloodwort. The genus is native primarily to Europe, temperate areas of"
"century the Irish herbal of John K'Eogh recommended pounding the roots in honey for use on burns, bruises, dislocations and freckles, and for drawing out thorns and splinters. ""N. tazetta"" bulbs have also been used for contraception, while the flowers have been recommended for hysteria and epilepsy. A homeopathic medicine made from bulbs was prescribed for bronchitis and whooping cough. In the traditional Japanese medicine of kampo, wounds were treated with narcissus root and wheat flour paste; the plant, however, does not appear in the modern kampo herb list. There is also a long history of the use of ""Narcissus"""
"contamination. Thymol Thymol (also known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, IPMP) is a natural monoterpenoid phenol derivative of cymene, CHO, isomeric with carvacrol, found in oil of thyme, and extracted from ""Thymus vulgaris"" (common thyme) and various other kinds of plants as a white crystalline substance of a pleasant aromatic odor and strong antiseptic properties. Thymol also provides the distinctive, strong flavor of the culinary herb thyme, also produced from ""T. vulgaris"". Thymol is only slightly soluble in water at neutral pH, but it is extremely soluble in alcohols and other organic solvents. It is also soluble in strongly alkaline aqueous solutions due"
"their quality. Therefore 'well-established use' cannot be accepted"" and added: ""The traditional use as an adaptogen 'for temporary relief of symptoms of stress such as fatigue and sensation of weakness' is appropriate for traditional herbal medicinal products. ... The long-standing use as well as the outcome of the clinical trials support the plausibility of the use of the mentioned herbal preparation in the proposed indication."" Rhodiola rosea Rhodiola rosea (commonly golden root, rose root, roseroot, Aaron's rod, Arctic root, king's crown, lignum rhodium, orpin rose) is a perennial flowering plant in the family Crassulaceae. It grows naturally in wild Arctic"
"fevers, colds, chills, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, gastric de-rangements, colic, croup, whooping-cough, gout, asthma, malaria, diabetes, bladder and kidney disorders, influenza, and convulsions. The roots, stems and leaves are used as enemas, poultices, infusions, lotions, inhaled (e.g. smoked or snuffed), or as an essential oil. In addition, ""Artemisia afra"" is frequently used as a moth repellent, and in organic insecticidal sprays. [4][5][8] Essential oil extracts of ""Artemisia afra"" are prepared by steam distillation using twigs and blossoms. Extracts contain the following components (via gas chromatography) which are typical of extracts of the genus ""Artemisia"": Research suggests that the extract of"
"War, calendula flowers were used on the battlefields in open wounds as antihemorrhagic and antiseptic, and they were used in dressing wounds to promote healing. Calendula also was used in this way during World War I. Calendula has been historically significant in medicine in many cultures, and it is still important in alternative medicine today. Species include: Calendula Calendula (), is a genus of about 15–20 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the daisy family Asteraceae that are often known as marigolds. They are native to southwestern Asia, western Europe, Macaronesia, and the Mediterranean. Other plants are also"
"Achillea Achillea is a group of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. The genus was named after the Greek mythological character Achilles. According to legend, Achilles' soldiers used yarrow to treat their wounds, hence some of its common names such as allheal and bloodwort. The genus is native primarily to Europe, temperate areas of Asia, and North America. The common name ""yarrow"" is usually applied to ""Achillea millefolium"", but may also be used for other species within the genus. These plants typically have frilly, hairy, aromatic leaves. The plants show large, flat"
"Ginger Ginger (""Zingiber officinale"") is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice and a folk medicine. It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual pseudostems (false stems made of the rolled bases of leaves) about a meter tall bearing narrow leaf blades. The inflorescences bear pale yellow with purple flowers and arise directly from the rhizome on separate shoots. Ginger is in the family Zingiberaceae, to which also belong turmeric (""Curcuma longa""), cardamom (""Elettaria cardamomum""), and galangal. Ginger originated in the tropical rainforests from the Indian subcontinent to Southern Asia where ginger"
"causes it to burn brightly, and it will burn well even when green. In addition, the wood is hard, heavy, close-grained, can take a high polish, and repels dry wood termites. Essential oils containing caryophyllene, cadinene, and cadinol are extracted from ""A. balsamifera"" and ""A. elemifera"". These are used in varnishes, perfumes, medicines, cosmetics, soaps, and incense. Chemical compounds known as chromenylated amides isolated from ""Amyris plumieri"" have shown some inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzymes. Amyris Amyris is a genus of flowering plants in the citrus family, Rutaceae. The generic name is derived from the Greek word αμυρων (""amyron""),"
"is used in traditional Chinese medicine, in Malay folk medicine, and in Indian Ayurvedic medicine. Besides its medicinal uses, it may also be used as a decorative dry plant. Blumea balsamifera Blumea balsamifera is a flowering plant belonging to the ""Blumea"" genus, Asteraceae family. It's also known as Ngai camphor and sambong (also sembung). In the Philippines, where it is most commonly known as sambong, ""Blumea balsamifera"" is used in traditional herbal medicine for the common cold and as a diuretic. It is also used for infected wounds, respiratory infections, and stomach pains in Thai and Chinese folk medicine. The"
"Mentha pulegium Mentha pulegium, commonly (European) pennyroyal, or pennyrile, also called squaw mint, mosquito plant and pudding grass, is a species of flowering plant in the Lamiaceae family, or mint family, native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Crushed pennyroyal leaves emits a very strong fragrance similar to spearmint. Pennyroyal is a traditional folk remedy, emmenagogue, abortifacient, and culinary herb. European pennyroyal is related to an American species, Hedeoma pulegioides. Though they differ in genera, they share similar chemical properties. Documented use of pennyroyal dates back to ancient Greek, Roman, and Medieval cultures. Its name – although of"
"many herbal medicines. It has long been used in the traditional medicine of some African countries to treat various ailments such as wounds, skin diseases, dysentery, and fever. The extracts and secondary metabolites have been found to show antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. A wide range of chemical constituents such as terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins have been isolated from the plant. The resin is sometimes burnt for lighting or used as a glue. The tree is used as an ornamental plant and is known to improve soil quality by providing large quantities of biomass. The name of the genus"
"villagers for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Its leaves are crushed and the juice obtained is believed to be a sure cure for stomach ailments. The plant has been the subject of scientific research which confirms its use in folk medicine as a valid anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial herbal drug with anti-rheumatic activity. Related species include ""Strobilanthes cusia"" BREMEK (大青葉, Da Ching Yeh, タイセイヨウ), used in Chinese and Japanese herbal medicine, and ""Strobilanthes forrestii"" Diels (Wei Niu Xi), used in Chinese herbal medicine. ""Strobilanthes callosus"" has sturdy stems which along with its leaves is generally used by the local adivasi tribals"
"Thymol Thymol (also known as 2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol, IPMP) is a natural monoterpenoid phenol derivative of cymene, CHO, isomeric with carvacrol, found in oil of thyme, and extracted from ""Thymus vulgaris"" (common thyme) and various other kinds of plants as a white crystalline substance of a pleasant aromatic odor and strong antiseptic properties. Thymol also provides the distinctive, strong flavor of the culinary herb thyme, also produced from ""T. vulgaris"". Thymol is only slightly soluble in water at neutral pH, but it is extremely soluble in alcohols and other organic solvents. It is also soluble in strongly alkaline aqueous solutions due to"
"Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis (also called Toxicodendron dermatitis and Rhus dermatitis) is the medical name given to allergic rashes produced by the oil urushiol, which is contained in various plants, most notably those of the genus ""Toxicodendron"": the Chinese lacquer tree, poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. The name is derived from the Japanese word for the sap of the Chinese lacquer tree, ""urushi"". Other plants in the sumac family (including mango, pistachio, the Burmese lacquer tree, the India marking nut tree, and the shell of the cashew) also contain urushiol, as do unrelated plants such as"
"and other side effects, particularly if taken in powdered form. It may adversely affect individuals with gallstones and may interfere with the effects of anticoagulants, such as warfarin or aspirin. Ginger Ginger (""Zingiber officinale"") is a flowering plant whose rhizome, ginger root or ginger, is widely used as a spice and a folk medicine. It is a herbaceous perennial which grows annual pseudostems (false stems made of the rolled bases of leaves) about a meter tall bearing narrow leaf blades. The inflorescences bear pale yellow with purple flowers and arise directly from the rhizome on separate shoots. Ginger is in"
"the treatment of fluxes and skin diseases. The fruits used in the treatment of arthritis, lumbago, oedema, oliguria, and decreased milk production and skin diseases. The resin from the stems is used to treat bleeding boils, carbuncles, toothache and tuberculosis. The trunk of this tree can be used for aromatic resin. The extract of this resin is used to promote blood circulation and relieve pain. ""Liquidambar formosana"" is a rare in cultivation but in its native regions the wood is used for making tea chests and the leaves to feed silk worms. Liquidambar formosana Liquidambar formosana, commonly known as the"
"evidence. The plant was used by the Ainu for treating bruises and aching bones. Stems were steeped in hot water before being applied externally to affected areas. The anthraquinones emodin, parietin (physcion) and questin, the flavonoid kaempferol-3,7-O-α-L-dirhamnoside, the phytosterols β-sitosterol and daucosterol, and the fatty alcohol 1-hexacosanol can be found in ""S. media"". Other flavonoid constituents are apigenin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, apigenin 6-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-beta-D-galactopyranoside, apigenin 6-C-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-8-C-beta-L-arabinopyranoside, apigenin 6-C-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-8-C-beta-D-galactopyranoside, apigenin 6, 8-di-C-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside. The plant also contains triterpenoid saponins of the hydroxylated oleanolic acid type. Proanthocyanidins are present in the testa of seeds. ""Stellaria"" is derived from the word 'stellar' meaning 'star', which is a"
"activation. One study conducted in Japan showed the active compounds found in ""Ligusticum sinense"" have both anti-inflammatory and pain-reducing effects, exerting its anti-inflammatory benefits in the early and the late stages of processes in the inflammatory pathology. Both ""Ligusticum sinense"" and ""L. jeholens"" essential oils contain natural antimicrobial and antioxidant agents. Ligusticum Ligusticum (lovage, licorice root) is a genus of about 60 species of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Its name is believed to derive from the Italian region of Liguria. The roots of several species are used as medicinal"