"Northumberland National Park Northumberland National Park is the northernmost national park in England. It covers an area of more than between the Scottish border in the north to just south of Hadrian's Wall, and it is one of the least populated and least visited of the National Parks. The park lies entirely within Northumberland, covering about a quarter of the county. The park covers several distinct areas. In the north are the Cheviot Hills, a range of hills that mark the border between England and Scotland. Further south, the hills give way to areas of rolling moorland, some of which"
"The Northumbrian missionary bishop Cuthbert spent his early years as a shepherd on the Lammermuir Hills. Sir Walter Scott's novel The Bride of Lammermoor and Donizetti's derivative Lucia di Lammermoor is set here. Scott lived at Abbotsford House, near Galashiels. Two ranges of hills in New Zealand, the Lammermoors and Lammerlaws are named after the Scottish hills. Lammermuir Hills The Lammermuirs (""An Lomair Mòr"" in Gaelic) are a range of hills in southern Scotland, forming a natural boundary between Lothian and the Borders. The name literally means ""lambs' moor"". and is derived from the Old English words ""lambra"" and ""mor."""
"Lammermuir Hills The Lammermuirs (""An Lomair Mòr"" in Gaelic) are a range of hills in southern Scotland, forming a natural boundary between Lothian and the Borders. The name literally means ""lambs' moor"". and is derived from the Old English words ""lambra"" and ""mor."" Early forms include ""Lombormore, Lambremore, Lambermora and Lambirmor."" Spanning the counties of Selkirk, East Lothian, and Berwick, the Lammermuirs extend from the Gala Water to St Abb's Head, and offer a traditional site for sheep grazing. The hills are nowhere especially high, the highest points being Meikle Says Law at and the Lammer Law at ; but"
"The definition has, however, fluctuated greatly in size over history. A hardy breed of black, hornless cattle named Galloway cattle is native to the region, in addition to the more distinctive 'Belted Galloway' or 'Beltie'. Galloway comprises that part of Scotland southwards from the Southern Upland watershed and westward from the River Nith. Traditionally it has been described as stretching from ""the braes of Glenapp to the Nith"". The valleys of three rivers, the Urr Water, the Water of Ken and River Dee, and the Cree, all running north-south, provide much of the good arable land, although there is also"
"North Country Cheviot North Country Cheviot sheep are a type of Cheviot. They are bred predominantly in Scotland, but are also bred in other parts of the United Kingdom, including Northern Ireland. They are raised primarily for meat. In 1791, Sir John Sinclair brought ewes from the Cheviot Hills near the English border to the counties of Caithness and Sutherland in north Scotland. He named these sheep ""Cheviots"" after the hill area they originated. Another hill breed was introduced into the ranges of central Scotland thus the Scottish Blackface created a definite separation between northern counties of Caithness and Sutherland"
"it continues to be significant both to the local economy and to that of Scotland in general. Generally, sheep and arable farming are more predominant in the Scottish Borders to the east, while dairy farming is traditionally more important in Dumfries and Galloway, although recent years here have seen a move away from cattle grazing towards sheep farming. Several breeds of livestock have originated in the Southern Uplands, including Galloway cattle, Ayrshire dairy cattle and Cheviot sheep. Large areas of the Southern Uplands are covered with forests such as:- The amount of forested land cover in the western Southern Uplands"
"for two endangered species, the red grouse and the hen harrier; cuckoo, nightjar, crossbill, buzzard and grasshopper warbler can also be seen. Knockmealdown Mountains The Knockmealdown Mountains () is a mountain range located on the border of counties Tipperary and Waterford in Ireland, running east and west between the two counties. The highest peak of the range is Knockmealdown, in County Waterford. On the western side of the summit, the range is crossed by a high pass through which runs the old mail coach road from Lismore to Clogheen. The mountains were formerly known as ""Sliabh gCua"", sometimes anglicized 'Slieve"
"Chillingham cattle Chillingham cattle, also known as Chillingham wild cattle, are a breed of cattle that live in a large enclosed park at Chillingham Castle, Northumberland, England. In 2009 the cattle were described as ""about 90 animals in Chillingham, which inhabit a very large park that has existed since the Middle Ages"". The herd has remained remarkably genetically isolated for hundreds of years, surviving despite inbreeding depression due to the small population. There is also a small reserve herd of about 20 animals located on Crown Estate land near Fochabers, North East Scotland. The Chillingham cattle are related to White"
"hill and open moorland which straddles the Scottish/English border. Adjacent Hunts are the North Tyne, Haydon, Tynedale, Morpeth, College Valley and North Northumberland, West Percy, Liddesdale, Jed Forest and the Duke of Buccleuch's. Border Hunt The Border Hunt is a UK foxhound pack, with hunting country on the Scottish/English border. The Hunt is run by a committee under the joint mastership of Ian Hedley MFH, and his son, Michael Hedley MFH. The Border Hunt is at least 130 years old. In 1951 Jacob Robson resigned the Mastership and handed over the pack to a Committee. Since then, the Border Hunt"
"Solway Firth The Solway Firth () is a firth that forms part of the border between England and Scotland, between Cumbria (including the Solway Plain) and Dumfries and Galloway. It stretches from St Bees Head, just south of Whitehaven in Cumbria, to the Mull of Galloway, on the western end of Dumfries and Galloway. The Isle of Man is also very near to the firth. The firth comprises part of the Irish Sea. The coastline is characterised by lowland hills and small mountains. It is a mainly rural area with fishing and hill farming (as well as some arable farming)"
"lying between the Highland and Great Glen fault lines: Grampian Mountains The Grampian Mountains (""Am Monadh"" in Gaelic) are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northern Scotland. The other major mountain ranges in Scotland are the Northwest Highlands and the Southern Uplands. The Grampian range extends southwest to northeast between the Highland Boundary Fault and the Great Glen, occupying almost half of the land area of Scotland and including the Cairngorms and the Lochaber hills. The range includes many of the highest mountains in the British Isles, including"
"residing in Northumberland (3.72% of the county's population); the overall percentage of Scottish-born people in England is 1.62%. Anglo-Scottish border The Anglo-Scottish border between England and Scotland runs for 96 miles (154 km) between Marshall Meadows Bay on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. It is Scotland's only land border with another country, and one of England's two (the other being with Wales). The Firth of Forth was the border between the Picto-Gaelic Kingdom of Alba and the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria in the early 10th century. It became the first Anglo-Scottish border with the annexation"
"borders area. Traditionally, it marks the end of summer and the time for hill farmers to begin preparations for winter. Alwinton Alwinton (previously named ""Allenton"" and sometimes still referred to as this) is a village and former parish in Northumberland, England. Alwinton is named after the nearby River Alwin, and means farm on the River Alwin. Alwinton lies at the head of the Coquet valley, on the edge of both the Otterburn Army Training Estate and the Northumberland National Park. The village is roughly from the border with Scotland, and about to the west of Alnwick. The neighbouring village of"
"Debatable Lands The Debatable Lands, also known as debatable ground, batable ground or threip lands, lay between Scotland and England. These lands were formerly in question to which it belonged, when they were distinct kingdoms. The name either signifies litigious or disputable ground., or it comes from the Old English word 'battable' (land suitable for fattening livestock). The Debatable Lands extended from the Solway Firth near Carlisle to Langholm in Dumfries and Galloway, the largest population centre being Canonbie. The lands included the baronies of Kirkandrews, Bryntallone and Morton. They were around long from north to south and wide. The"
"History of Northumberland Northumberland, England's northernmost county, is a land where Roman occupiers once guarded a walled frontier, Anglian invaders fought with Celtic natives, and Norman lords built castles to suppress rebellion and defend a contested border with Scotland. The present-day county is a vestige of an independent kingdom that once stretched from Edinburgh to the Humber, hence its name, meaning literally 'north of the Humber'. Reflecting its tumultuous past, Northumberland has more castles than any other county, and the greatest number of recognised battle sites. Once an economically important region that supplied much of the coal that powered the"
"was developed on the Anglo-Scottish border but it is not clear exactly when it became a distinct breed. It replaced the earlier Scottish Dunface or Old Scottish Short-wool, a Northern European short-tailed sheep type probably similar to the modern Shetland. Records show that in 1503 James IV of Scotland established a flock of 5,000 Scottish Blackface Sheep in Ettrick Forest in the area south of Peebles in the Borders. Today the Blackface is the most numerous breed in the British Isles. Roughly thirty percent of all sheep in the UK are Scottish Blackface. The Blackface epitomises the mountain sheep. They"
"county, Northumberland, with dingoes he had tamed. The resulting dogs were known as Halls Heelers. After Hall's death in 1870, the dogs became available beyond the Hall family and their associates. They were subsequently developed into two modern breeds: the Australian Cattle Dog and the Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog. Robert Kaleski, who wrote the first standard for the breed, was influential in its development. Australian Cattle Dog has been nicknamed a ""Red Heeler"" or ""Blue Heeler"" on the basis of its colouring and practice of moving reluctant cattle by nipping at their heels. Dogs from a line bred in"
"with domesticated cattle. Thomas Hall addressed the problem by importing several of the dogs used by drovers in Northumberland, his parents’ home county. At this time dogs were generally described by their job, regardless of whether they constituted a ‘breed’ as it is currently understood, and in the manner of the time these blue mottled dogs were known as the ""Northumberland Blue Merle Drovers Dog"". Thomas Hall crossed his Drovers Dogs with dingoes he had tamed and then continued to selectively cross breed until 1840, when he was satisfied with his resultant breed. This working cattle dog was so suited"
"Nithsdale Nithsdale (""Srath Nid"" in Scottish Gaelic), also known by its anglicised gaelic name Strathnith or Stranit, is the strath of the River Nith in Scotland, and the name of the region. It is possible that ""Strath Nid"" actually represents the Cumbric ""Ystrad Nidd"" as Cumbric (arising as it did from the British Language) was the dominant language in this area from before Roman times until the 11th or 12th Century whereas Gaelic influence here was late and transient. The River Nith flows north to south through the Southern Uplands in south-west Scotland, separating the Lowther hills from the Scaur"
"Romans and Reivers Route The Romans and Reivers Route is a long-distance path in southern Scotland, linking the Forest of Ae in Dumfries and Galloway with Hawick in the Scottish Borders. The route, which is 84 km long, uses forest tracks, drovers' roads and some sections of public road to link Roman roads across the border country of Scotland. It takes its name from these roads, and the fact that it passes through areas associated with the Border Reivers, the name given to cattle raiders along the Anglo-Scottish border between late 13th century to the beginning of the 17th century."
"Border Hunt The Border Hunt is a UK foxhound pack, with hunting country on the Scottish/English border. The Hunt is run by a committee under the joint mastership of Ian Hedley MFH, and his son, Michael Hedley MFH. The Border Hunt is at least 130 years old. In 1951 Jacob Robson resigned the Mastership and handed over the pack to a Committee. Since then, the Border Hunt Mastership has been with the Hedley Family and the hounds are kennelled near Otterburn, Northumberland. The Border Hunt country stretches from the River Rede in the south to Jedburgh in the north, covering"
"Mallerstang. (Sir Hugh was one of the four knights responsible for the murder of Archbishop St.Thomas Becket in Canterbury Cathedral in 1170). The border between the counties of Cumbria and North Yorkshire is marked near the summit by a fence, which is intended to stop sheep which are ""heafed"" (trained to stay in a certain area without the need for fences) straying beyond their allotted common land. There are extensive views from the summit—south-east to Cotterdale and Wensleydale, north-west to Gregory Chapel, and west to Mallerstang and Wild Boar Fell. This rugged terrain between Great Shunner Fell and Wild Boar"
"Lands of Brownmuir The lands of Brownmuir, Brown Muir (1832) or Brimmer (1821) in Scots were located in the Parish of Beith, at the western boundary between East Renfrewshire and North Ayrshire, Scotland. The settlements of Brownmuir and Rakerfield were part of the old Brownmuir Estate. Brownmuir or Brimmer Hill at feet is a prominent eminence in the parish and it overlooks the area with Lochlands Hill and Cuff Hill relatively nearby. The old estate of Threepwood lay to the east. The lands of Brownmuir lay in the Regality of Kilwinning and Bailiary of Cunninghame. The boundary to the west"
"Barrow Burn Meadows Barrow Burn Meadows is the name given to a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in north Northumberland, England. The site is a species-rich hay meadow of a sort now rare in Northumberland. Barrow Burn Meadows are two fields in area situated in the north-east of England in the county of Northumberland, some south of the Anglo-Scottish border and north-west of the village of Alwinton. The meadows are on the south-west facing slope of a hill on the north bank of the upper River Coquet, rising from to above sea level. The surrounding terrain is hilly moorland."
"del Gigante. The Piccolo Segugio dell'Appennino is another Apennine dog breed found throughout the mountain range. The Scottish Highlands include the rugged and mountainous regions of Scotland north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault. They are inhabited by people of the Scottish Gaelic culture, although most now speak English. Traditionally the people lived by crofting, or small-scale farming, growing crops such as oats, barley and kale, and supplemented their diet with fish and red deer. On festive occasions, the people eat haggis, made from a sheep's heart, liver and lungs, minced with onion, oatmeal, suet, spices, and salt, mixed"
"Clan Swinton Clan Swinton is a Lowland Scottish clan. The Swinton chiefs may be of Anglo-Saxon origin and possibly descended from the prominent nobles of the kingdom of Northumbria although this cannot be verified with certainty. The kingdom of Northumberland straddled the modern day border between Scotland and England. According to tradition the name was acquired for their bravery in clearing the country of wild boar, with the family arms alluding to this legend. However, the name is more likely to have been of territorial origin: the village of Swinewood in the county of Berwickshire was granted by Edgar, King"
"character areas, that lie wholly or partially within Northumberland: There is a variety of notable habitats and species in Northumberland including: Chillingham Cattle herd; Holy Island; Farne Islands; and Staple Island. Moreover, 50% of England's red squirrel population lives in the Kielder Water and Forest Park along with a large variety of other species including roe deer and wildfowl. Northumberland's green belt is in the south of the county, surrounding Cramlington and other communities along the county border, to afford a protection from the Tyneside conurbation. The belt continues west along the border, past Darras Hall, and on to Hexham,"
"Ormiston Ormiston is a village in East Lothian, Scotland, near Tranent, Humbie, Pencaitland and Cranston, located on the north bank of the River Tyne at an elevation of about 276 ft. The village was the first planned village in Scotland, founded in 1735 by John Cockburn (1685–1758), one of the initiators of the Agricultural Revolution. The word Ormiston is derived from a half mythical Anglian settler called ""Ormr"", meaning 'serpent' or 'snake'. 'Ormres' family had possession of the land during the 12th and 13th centuries. Ormiston or 'Ormistoun' is not an uncommon surname, and ""Ormr"" also survives in some English"
"Grampian Mountains The Grampian Mountains (""Am Monadh"" in Gaelic) are one of the three major mountain ranges in Scotland, occupying a considerable portion of the Scottish Highlands in northern Scotland. The other major mountain ranges in Scotland are the Northwest Highlands and the Southern Uplands. The Grampian range extends southwest to northeast between the Highland Boundary Fault and the Great Glen, occupying almost half of the land area of Scotland and including the Cairngorms and the Lochaber hills. The range includes many of the highest mountains in the British Isles, including Ben Nevis (the highest point in the British Isles"
"""for many centuries"" would follow the cattle herd in their migrations within the country. As those migrations were curtailed, the two breeds diverged. The breed also shares ""some similarities with the short-haired Estrela Mountain Dog."" In the mountains of Portugal, which are characterized by steep fields of pastures and difficult road access, this breed has adapted to the conditions of the region and the type of cattle, sheep and goats that have traditionally grazed in these areas. Until the second half of the twentieth century, the region was primarily pastoral. This changed when the government of Portugal encouraged land clearance"
"Border Cheviot The Border Cheviot, also known as the South Country Cheviot, is a breed of domesticated sheep from the UK. It is native to the Cheviot Hills between Scotland and England. Recognized as early as 1372, the breed is reported to have developed from sheep that swam ashore from shipwrecked Spanish ships that fled northward after the defeat of the Armada. This breed is prized for its wool but bred primarily for meat. The Cheviot is a distinctive white-faced sheep, with a wool-free face and legs, pricked ears, black muzzle and black feet. It is a very alert and"
"Armstrong of Gilnockie and thirty-one others at Caerlanrig Chapel, under questionable circumstances. Debatable Lands The Debatable Lands, also known as debatable ground, batable ground or threip lands, lay between Scotland and England. These lands were formerly in question to which it belonged, when they were distinct kingdoms. The name either signifies litigious or disputable ground., or it comes from the Old English word 'battable' (land suitable for fattening livestock). The Debatable Lands extended from the Solway Firth near Carlisle to Langholm in Dumfries and Galloway, the largest population centre being Canonbie. The lands included the baronies of Kirkandrews, Bryntallone and"
"Norfolk Horn The Norfolk Horn (also known as Blackface Norfolk Horned, Norfolk Horned, Old Norfolk or Old Norfolk Horned) is one of the British black-faced sheep breeds. It differs from other black-faced breeds, which are mainly found in high-rainfall, upland areas, and from most other modern, lowland British sheep breeds in being lightly built and very hardy. This breed is raised primarily for meat. The Norfolk Horn developed on the sandy heathlands of the Breckland area of Norfolk, England, although similar black-faced sheep were formerly more widespread in lowland Britain. It is adapted to surviving on poor forage in cool"