"and ""Cognac type"" . Modern barrels and casks can also be made of aluminum, stainless steel, and different types of plastic, such as HDPE. Someone who makes barrels is called a ""barrel maker"" or cooper. Barrels are only one type of cooperage. Other types include, but are not limited to: buckets, tubs, butter churns, hogsheads, firkins, kegs, kilderkins, tierces, rundlets, puncheons, pipes, tuns, butts, pins, and breakers. Barrels have a variety of uses, including storage of liquids such as water and oil, fermenting wine, arrack, and sake, and maturing beverages such as wine, cognac, armagnac, sherry, port, whisky, and beer."
"Cooper (profession) A cooper is a person trained to make wooden casks, barrels, vats, buckets, tubs, troughs and other staved containers, from timber that was usually heated or steamed to make it pliable. Journeymen coopers also traditionally made wooden implements, such as rakes and wooden-bladed shovels. Other materials, such as iron, were used as well as wood, in the manufacturing process. The word ""cooper"" is derived from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German ""kūper"" 'cooper' from ""kūpe"" 'cask', in turn from Latin ""cupa"" 'tun, barrel'. Everything a cooper produces is referred to collectively as ""cooperage."" A cask is any piece"
"spirits industry. In the United Kingdom, the trade of ""master cooper"" is dwindling; it is thought that the last remaining cooper company in England is a beer barrel manufacturer in Wetherby, West Yorkshire. Cooper (profession) A cooper is a person trained to make wooden casks, barrels, vats, buckets, tubs, troughs and other staved containers, from timber that was usually heated or steamed to make it pliable. Journeymen coopers also traditionally made wooden implements, such as rakes and wooden-bladed shovels. Other materials, such as iron, were used as well as wood, in the manufacturing process. The word ""cooper"" is derived from"
"of cooperage containing a bouge, bilge, or bulge in the middle of the container. A barrel is a type of cask, so the terms ""barrel-maker"" and ""barrel-making"" refer to just one aspect of a cooper's work. The facility in which casks are made is also referred to as a cooperage. In much the same way as the trade or vocation of smithing produced the common English surname Smith and the German name Schmidt, the cooper trade is also the origin of the English name Cooper; French Tonnelier and Tonnellier; Greek Varelas (); Danish Bødker; German Binder, Fassbender or Fassbinder (,"
"someone who makes barrels: wooden staved vessels of a conical form, of greater length than breadth. A scenic carpenter builds and dismantles temporary scenery and sets in film-making, television, and the theater. A framer is a carpenter who builds the skeletal structure or wooden framework of buildings, most often in the platform framing method. Historically, balloon framing was used until the 1950s when fire safety concerns made platform framing inherently better. A carpenter who specializes in building with timbers rather than studs is known as a timber framer and does traditional timber framing with wooden joints, including mortise-and-tenon joinery, post"
"barrels, this is known as stowing ""bilge and cantline"". Barrels which are also known as casks or tuns are primarily use for transporting liquids such as wine, water, brandy, whiskey, and even oil. They are usually built in spherical shape to make it easier to roll and have less friction when changing direction. Corrugated boxes are stowed on a good layer of dunnage and kept clear of any moisture. Military and weather resistant grades of corrugated fiberboard are available. They are not overstowed with anything other than similar boxes. They are frequently loaded on pallets to form a unit load;"
"Barrel A barrel, cask, or tun is a hollow cylindrical container, traditionally made of wooden staves bound by wooden or metal hoops. Traditionally, the barrel was a standard size of measure referring to a set capacity or weight of a given commodity. For example, in the UK a barrel of beer refers to a quantity of . Wine was shipped in barrels of . Modern wooden barrels for wine-making are either made of French common oak (""Quercus robur"") and white oak (""Quercus petraea"") or from American white oak (""Quercus alba"") and typically have standard sizes: ""Bordeaux type"" , ""Burgundy type"""
"Boilermaker A boilermaker is a trained craftsman who produces steel fabrications from plates and tubes. The name originated from craftsmen who would fabricate boilers, but they may work on projects as diverse as bridges to blast furnaces to the construction of mining equipment. The trade of Boilermaker evolved from the industrial blacksmith and was known in the early 19th century as a ""boilersmith"". The involvement of boilermakers in the shipbuilding and engineering industries came about because of the changeover from wood to iron as a construction material. It was easier (and cheaper) to utilize the boilermaker's skills to construct the"
"include casks, barrels, buckets, tubs, butter churns, hogsheads, firkins, tierces, rundlets, puncheons, pipes, tuns, butts, pins and breakers. Traditionally, a ""hooper"" was the man who fitted the wooden or metal hoops around the barrels or buckets that the cooper had made, essentially an assistant to the cooper. The English name Hooper is derived from that profession. With time, many Coopers took on the role of the Hooper themselves. There were four divisions in the cooper's craft. The ""dry"" or ""slack"" cooper made containers that would be used to ship dry goods such as cereals, nails, tobacco, fruits, and vegetables. The"
"is Dominique Laurent, who makes what are widely regarded as some of the world's finest barrels. These have been nicknamed ""magic casks"", by wine taster Michel Bettane. Laurent goes into the Tronçais forest to select the trees (typically around 300 years of age) and transports them to the cooperage himself, thus guaranteeing provenance. He uses the top section of the trunk, the staves are split by hand and air dried for 52 months. Due to hand splitting, the staves have a thickness of compared to commercial barrels at . The barrels were developed for Dominique Laurent, and Tardieu Laurent's top"
"variation. In modern times, produce barrels for all dry goods, excepting cranberries, contain 7,056 cubic inches, about 115.627 L. Barrel A barrel, cask, or tun is a hollow cylindrical container, traditionally made of wooden staves bound by wooden or metal hoops. Traditionally, the barrel was a standard size of measure referring to a set capacity or weight of a given commodity. For example, in the UK a barrel of beer refers to a quantity of . Wine was shipped in barrels of . Modern wooden barrels for wine-making are either made of French common oak (""Quercus robur"") and white oak"
"and numerous localities that have keg registration laws. The laws vary widely in terms of whom they target, what their intended purpose is, and how strongly they are enforced. Keg A keg is a small barrel. Traditionally, a wooden keg is made by a cooper and used to transport items such as nails, gunpowder, and a variety of liquids. In recent times, a keg is often constructed of stainless steel. It is commonly used to store, transport, and serve beer. Other alcoholic or non-alcoholic drinks, carbonated or non-carbonated, may be housed in a keg as well. Carbonated drinks are generally"
"to be served using external gas cylinders. Cask ales undergo part of their fermentation process in their containers, called casks. Casks are available in several sizes, and it is common to refer to ""a firkin"" or ""a kil"" (kilderkin) instead of a cask. The modern US beer barrel is , half a gallon less than the traditional wine barrel. (26 U.S.C. §5051) Barrels are also used as a unit of measurement for dry goods (dry groceries), such as flour or produce. Traditionally, a barrel is of flour (wheat or rye), with other substances such as pork subject to more local"
"to be manufactured by a moldmaker. Moldmaker A moldmaker (mouldmaker in British English) or molder is a skilled tradesperson who fabricates moulds for use in casting metal products. Moldmakers are generally employed in foundries, where molds are used to cast products from metals such as aluminium and cast iron. The term moldmaker may also be used to describe workers employed in fabricating dies and metal moulds for use in injection moulding and die-casting, such as in the plastics, rubber or ceramics industries, in which case it is sometimes regarded as a variety of the trade of the toolmaker. The process"
"Moldmaker A moldmaker (mouldmaker in British English) or molder is a skilled tradesperson who fabricates moulds for use in casting metal products. Moldmakers are generally employed in foundries, where molds are used to cast products from metals such as aluminium and cast iron. The term moldmaker may also be used to describe workers employed in fabricating dies and metal moulds for use in injection moulding and die-casting, such as in the plastics, rubber or ceramics industries, in which case it is sometimes regarded as a variety of the trade of the toolmaker. The process of manufacturing molds is now often"
"A cabinetmaker is a carpenter who does fine and detailed work specializing in the making of cabinets made from wood, wardrobes, dressers, storage chests, and other furniture designed for storage. A ship's carpenter specializes in shipbuilding, maintenance, repair techniques and carpentry specific to nautical needs in addition to many other on-board tasks; usually the term refers to a carpenter who has a post on a specific ship. Steel warships as well as wooden ones need ship's carpenters, especially for making emergency repairs in the case of battle or storm damage. A shipwright builds wooden ships on land. A cooper is"
"as a ""small batch"" Bourbon. Most producers of so-called ""small batch"" Bourbons do not clarify exactly what they mean by the term. The producer of Maker's Mark says that the traditional definition is ""A bourbon that is produced/distilled in small quantities of approximately 1,000 gallons or less (20 barrels) from a mash bill of around 200 bushels of grain"". Maker's Mark is sold in squarish bottles that are sealed with red wax. T. William Samuels' wife, Marjorie ""Margie"" Samuels, gave the whiskey its name, drew its label, and thought up the wax dipping that gives the bottle its distinctive look."
"Baler A baler, most often called a hay baler is a piece of farm machinery used to compress a cut and raked crop (such as hay, cotton, flax straw, salt marsh hay, or silage) into compact bales that are easy to handle, transport, and store. Often, bales are configured to dry and preserve some intrinsic (e.g. the nutritional) value of the plants bundled. Several different types of balers are commonly used, each producing a different type of bale – rectangular or cylindrical, of various sizes, bound with twine, strapping, netting, or wire. Industrial balers are also used in material recycling"
"literally 'cask-binder'), Böttcher ('tub-maker'), Scheffler, and Kübler; Dutch Kuiper and Cuypers; Lithuanian Kubilius; Latvian Mucenieks; Hungarian Kádár and Bodnár; Polish Bednarz, Bednarski, and Bednarczyk; Czech Bednář; Romanian Dogaru and Butnaru; Ukrainian Bodnar, Bodnaruk, and Bodnarchuk, and Bondarenko (); Russian and Ukrainian Bondarev () and Bocharov (); Yiddish Bodner; Portuguese Tanoeiro and Toneleiro; Spanish Cubero, Tonelero, and (via Greek) Varela; Bulgarian Bachvarov (); Macedonian Bacvarovski (); Croatian Bačvar; and Italian Bottai (from ). Traditionally, a cooper is someone who makes wooden, staved vessels, held together with wooden or metal hoops and possessing flat ends or heads. Examples of a cooper's work"
"in warehouses, and was responsible for cargo while in storage or transit. Ships, in the age of sail, provided much work for coopers. They made water and provision casks, the contents of which sustained crew and passengers on long voyages. They also made barrels to contain high value commodities, such as wine and sugar. The proper stowage of casks on ships about to sail was an important stevedoring skill. Casks of various sizes were used to accommodate the sloping walls of the hull and make maximum use of limited space. Casks also had to be tightly packed, to ensure they"
"Keg A keg is a small barrel. Traditionally, a wooden keg is made by a cooper and used to transport items such as nails, gunpowder, and a variety of liquids. In recent times, a keg is often constructed of stainless steel. It is commonly used to store, transport, and serve beer. Other alcoholic or non-alcoholic drinks, carbonated or non-carbonated, may be housed in a keg as well. Carbonated drinks are generally kept under pressure in order to maintain carbon dioxide in solution, preventing the beverage from becoming flat. Beer kegs are made of stainless steel, or less commonly, of aluminium."
"B31.1. The International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers and Helpers is a labor union for boilermakers in Canada and the USA. In the UK, boilermakers traditionally joined the Boilermakers Society which merged with the GMWU, then an unskilled union, to form the modern GMB which still maintains a 'craft section' largely for boilermakers. Boilermaker A boilermaker is a trained craftsman who produces steel fabrications from plates and tubes. The name originated from craftsmen who would fabricate boilers, but they may work on projects as diverse as bridges to blast furnaces to the construction of mining equipment. The"
"Rack jobber A rack jobber (also known as a rack merchandiser) is a company or trader that has an agreement with a retailer to display and sell products in a store. The outlets for the products would be ones that traditionally don't stock such products such as gas stations, grocery stores and others not traditionally associated with the products sold. Often the products are of a budget variety. Rack Jobbing began in the 1930s with the Music Dealers Service with their music sheet racks which they operated. Because the ownership of the products remain the property of the rack jobber,"
"Barrelman Barrelman is in reference to a person who would be stationed in the barrel of the foremast or crow's nest of an oceangoing vessel as a navigational aid. In early ships the crow's nest was simply a barrel or a basket lashed to the tallest mast. Later it became a specially designed platform with protective railing. According to a popular naval legend, the term derives from the practice of Viking sailors, who carried crows or ravens in a cage secured to the top of the mast. In cases of poor visibility, a crow was released, and the navigator plotted"
"cask for blending, and sometimes to private buyers as well. Whisky from such casks is sometimes bottled as a single malt by ""independent bottling"" firms such as Duncan Taylor, Master of Malt, Gordon & MacPhail, Cadenhead's, The Scotch Malt Whisky Society, Murray McDavid, Berry Bros. & Rudd, Douglas Laing, and others. These are usually labelled with the distillery's name, but not using the distillery's trademarked logos or typefaces. An ""official bottling"" (or ""proprietary bottling""), by comparison, is from the distillery (or its owner). Many independent bottlings are from single casks, and they may sometimes be very different from an official"
"a capsule to the top of the bottle which is then heated for a tight seal. Traditionally known as a ""vintner"", a winemaker is a person engaged in making wine. They are generally employed by wineries or . List of top 15 wine producing countries by volume. (Volume in thousands of hectoliters) Winemaking Winemaking or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine-making stretches over millennia. The science of wine and winemaking is known as oenology. A winemaker may also"
"Butler for liquors"" or a ""wine cooler"" or a ""butler"". The word ""bouteillier""/butler was later standardized as a reference to the staff person exercising custodial responsibility over the bottles contained in a cellarette or wine cellar. The following museums and public historic places have an antique cellarette: Cellarette A cellarette or cellaret is a small furniture cabinet, available in various sizes, shapes, and designs which is used to store bottles of alcoholic beverages such as wine and whiskey. Wood box containers as freestanding alcoholic beverage cabinets first appeared in Europe in the fifteenth century to hold and to secure alcoholic"
"allows the roller to change directions with little friction, compared to a cylinder. It also helps to distribute stress evenly in the material by making the container more curved. Barrels have reinforced edges to enable safe displacement by rolling them at an angle (in addition to rolling on their sides as described). Casks used for ale or beer have shives and keystones in their openings. Before serving the beer, a spile is hammered into the shive and a tap into the keystone. The wooden parts that make up a barrel are called staves, while the rings that hold them together"
"called a ""rubber bung"", and a cork stopper is called simply a ""cork"". Bung stoppers used for wine bottles are referred to as ""corks"", even when made from another material. A common every-day example of a bung is the cork of a wine bottle. Bungs are used to seal the bunghole of barrels. Other bungs, particularly those used in chemical barrels, may be made of metal and be screwed into place via threading. Ground glass joint (or ground glass stoppers) are commonly used with laboratory glassware, mainly because of their nonreactivity. Some stoppers used in labs have holes in them"
"millions. A modern development has seen the production of personalized caps within the muselet, which display the emblems or name of the manufacturer. These may vary in colour and design from year to year and between different manufacturers. This has stimulated a market for the collection of these caps. Muselet A muselet () is a wire cage that fits over the cork of a bottle of champagne, sparkling wine or beer to prevent the cork from emerging under the pressure of the carbonated contents. It derives its name from the French ""museler,"" to muzzle. The muselet often has a metal"
"the ends of mounted staves, coopers produced containers of all sizes. Ranging from small water and liquor kegs to 206-gallon hogsheads, their barrels stored goods including tobacco, whale oil, whiskey, molasses, flour, apples, sugar, and hardware. Household appliances such as water tubs, sap buckets, butter churns, milk pails, and drinking or ladling mugs called piggins, reflected the extensive reach of a coopers’ trade. The United States 1850 census recorded forty-three thousand practicing coopers, but by the late nineteenth century, the introduction of metal drums and other machine-made storage and shipping containers greatly diminished the demand for wooden cooperage so that"
"Tool and die maker Tool and die makers are a class of machinists in the manufacturing industries who make jigs, fixtures, dies, molds, machine tools, cutting tools, gauges, and other tools used in manufacturing processes. Depending on which area of concentration a particular person works in, he or she may be called by variations on the name, including tool maker (toolmaker), die maker (diemaker), mold maker (moldmaker) or tool jig and die-maker, etc. Tool and die makers work primarily in toolroom environments—sometimes literally in one room but more often in an environment with flexible, semipermeable boundaries from production work. They"
"by the purchaser of the barrel using a brace and bit. Bungholes can be bored in either head (end) of a barrel or in one of the staves (side). With the bung removed, a tapered faucet can be attached to aid with dispensing. When barrels full of a commodity were shipped, the recipient would often bore new bungholes of the most suitable size and placement rather than remove the existing bung. Wooden barrels manufactured by specialty firms today usually are bored by the maker with suitable bungholes, since the hobbyists who purchase them for the making of beer, wine, and"