"law was enforced, Japan's patent office granted Japanese patents for non-disclosed technology within Japan without requiring worldwide novelty. Hence, Ishigi's patent is generally accepted as an independent reinvention at that time. Rubik applied for more patents in 1980, including another Hungarian patent on 28 October. In the United States, Rubik was granted on 29 March 1983, for the Cube. This patent expired in 2000. Rubik's Brand Ltd. also holds the registered trademarks for the word Rubik and Rubik's and for the 2D and 3D visualisations of the puzzle. The trademarks have been upheld by a ruling of the General Court"
"Rubik's Cube in popular culture The Rubik's Cube, a 1974 invention of Ernő Rubik of Hungary, fascinated people around the globe and became one of the most popular games in America in the early 1980s, having been initially released as the Magic Cube in Hungary in late 1977, and then re-manufactured and released in the western world as Rubik's Cube in 1980. As of January 2009, 350 million cubes have been sold worldwide making it the world's top-selling puzzle game. It earned a place as a permanent exhibit in New York’s Museum of Modern Art and entered the Oxford English"
"Larry D. Nichols Larry D. Nichols, born 1939 in the United States, is a puzzle designer. He grew up in Xenia, Ohio, and studied chemistry at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, before moving to Massachusetts to attend Harvard Graduate School. He is best known for the invention of mechanical puzzles including 'The Nichols Cube Puzzle' (1974), patent US365520. He has lived with his wife Karen in Arlington, Massachusetts since 1959. In 1957, 17 years before Dr. Rubik’s invention popularly known as the “Rubik's Cube”, Dr. Nichols conceived of a twist cube puzzle with six colored faces. It was a 2×2×2"
"are also different shapes of the famous puzzles, including Pyraminx, Megaminx, Skewb, and Square-1. The Rubik's Cube was invented in 1974 by Hungarian professor of architecture, Ernő Rubik. A widespread international interest in the cube began in 1980, which soon developed into a global craze. On June 5, 1982, the first world championship was held in Budapest, Hungary. 19 people competed in the event and the American Minh Thai won with a single solve time of 22.95 seconds. Other notable attendees include Jessica Fridrich and Lars Petrus, two people who would later be influential in the development of solving methods"
"Rubik's family cubes of all sizes The original Rubik's cube was a mechanical 3×3×3 cube puzzle invented in 1974 by the Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture Ernő Rubik. Extensions of the Rubik's cube have been around for a long time and come in both hardware and software forms. The major extension have been the availability of cubes of larger size and the availability of the more complex cubes with marked centres. The properties of Rubik’s family cubes of any size together with some special attention to software cubes is the main focus of this article. Many properties are mathematical"
"Rubik's Clock Rubik's Clock is a mechanical puzzle invented and patented by Christopher C. Wiggs and Christopher J. Taylor. The Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture Ernő Rubik bought the patent from them to market the product under his name. It was first marketed in 1988. Rubik's Clock is a two-sided puzzle, each side presenting nine clocks to the puzzler. There are four wheels, one at each corner of the puzzle, each allowing the corresponding corner clock to be rotated directly. (The corner clocks, unlike the other clocks, rotate on both sides of the puzzle simultaneously and can never be"
"Rubik's 360 Rubik's 360 is a 3D mechanical puzzle released in 2015 by Ernő Rubik, the inventor of Rubik's Cube and other puzzles. Rubik's 360 was introduced on February 5, 2009 at the Nürnberg International Toy Fair ahead of its worldwide release in August. In contrast to most of Rubik's puzzles, Rubik's 360 is a physical challenge requiring manual dexterity, rather than learning of algorithms. The puzzle involves moving of six balls, each a different color, from a central sphere to six color-coded compartments in the outer sphere. This is done by maneuvering them through a middle sphere that only"
"A group from Tel Aviv (Israel) introduced GoCube, a sports gadget plug-in via BlueTooth to the tablet. And the 13-year-old inventor with his father, from Novato (United States), presented 2x2x2 version of the Rubik's cube: WOWCube, with 24-screens and several games, working as a game console. The satirical website The People's Cube lampoons political correctness by selling cubes that are red on all six sides, thereby ensuring equal results for all who attempt to ""solve"" them. Rubik's Cube in popular culture The Rubik's Cube, a 1974 invention of Ernő Rubik of Hungary, fascinated people around the globe and became one"
"larger audience. Rubik's father possessed several patents, so Rubik was familiar with the process and applied for a patent for his invention. Rubik then set out to find a manufacturer in Hungary, but had great difficulty due to the rigid planned economy of Hungary at the time. Eventually, Rubik was able to find a small company that worked with plastic and made chess pieces. The cube was originally known in Hungary as the 'Magic Cube'. Rubik licensed the Magic Cube to Ideal Toys, a US company in 1979. Ideal rebranded The Magic Cube to the Rubik's Cube before its introduction"
"Mèffert; they have three children: Michelle, Andrew and Ulrich and two grandchildren, Mikaela and Zachary. Uwe Mèffert Uwe Mèffert (born 28 November 1939) is a German puzzle designer and inventor. He has manufactured and sold mechanical puzzles in the style of Rubik's Cube since the original Cube craze. His first design was the Pyraminx and others include the Megaminx, Skewb and Skewb Diamond. More recently he has licensed and re-released designs from other manufacturers, such as Dogic. In the 1970s Mèffert created some puzzles for his own amusement using pieces of balsa wood attached to a center ball by rubber"
"Macky Makisumi Shotaro Makisumi (; commonly known as ""Macky"", born March 21, 1990 in Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan), is best known for setting several world records for speedcubing, or quickly solving the Rubik's Cube. Macky lived in Arcadia, California, and graduated in the class of 2008 from Polytechnic School in Pasadena, California. In 2012, he graduated from Princeton University, where he majored in mathematics. He completed his Ph.D. at Stanford University in 2017, and is now a Ritt Assistant Professor of mathematics at Columbia University. He has held seven world records with the World Cube Association. In addition to speedcubing, he"
"is involved in mathematics competitions and juggling. Macky Makisumi Shotaro Makisumi (; commonly known as ""Macky"", born March 21, 1990 in Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan), is best known for setting several world records for speedcubing, or quickly solving the Rubik's Cube. Macky lived in Arcadia, California, and graduated in the class of 2008 from Polytechnic School in Pasadena, California. In 2012, he graduated from Princeton University, where he majored in mathematics. He completed his Ph.D. at Stanford University in 2017, and is now a Ritt Assistant Professor of mathematics at Columbia University. He has held seven world records with the World"
"László Mérő László Mérő (December 11, 1949, Budapest -) is a Hungarian research psychologist and popular science author. He is a lecturer at the Experimental Psychology Department of Eötvös Loránd University and at the business school Kürt Academy. He is also a founder and leader of a software company producing computer games. One of his projects is a computer game he is developing with Ernő Rubik, the inventor of the Rubik's Cube. He is also the leader of the Hungarian team at the World Puzzle Championship. His son is Csaba Mérő, 8 time Hungarian go champion. He represented Hungary in"
"Mats Valk Mats Valk (born 4 May 1996) is a Dutch Rubik's Cube speedsolver. He broke the Rubik's cube single solve world record twice with times of 5.55 seconds in 2013 and 4.74 seconds in 2016. He won the Rubik's Cube European Championship in 2018 and was runner-up for 3x3x3 at the Rubik's Cube World Championships in 2013 and 2015 and won the European Championship 2018. Valk was born and raised in Amstelveen, the Netherlands, a suburb of the Dutch capital Amsterdam. Valk is most famous for breaking the Rubik's cube world record twice and being the runner-up at both"
"Rubik's Magic Rubik's Magic, like Rubik's Cube, is a mechanical puzzle invented by Ernő Rubik and first manufactured by Matchbox in the mid-1980s. The puzzle consists of eight black square tiles (changed to red squares with goldish rings in 1997) arranged in a 2 × 4 rectangle; diagonal grooves on the tiles hold wires that connect them, allowing them to be folded onto each other and unfolded again in two perpendicular directions (assuming that no other connections restrict the movement) in a manner similar to a Jacob's Ladder toy. The front side of the puzzle shows, in the initial state,"
"Panagiotis Verdes Panagiotis Verdes is the Greek inventor of the 6x6x6, 7x7x7, 8x8x8 and 9x9x9 Twisty Puzzles. He has also worked on new designs of every Twisty Puzzle from 2x2x2 to 11x11x11. Prior to Verdes's invention, the 6x6x6 cube was thought to be impossible due to geometry constraints. Verdes's invention uses a completely different mechanism than the smaller Rubik's cubes; his mechanism is based on concentric, right-angle conical surfaces whose axes of rotation coincide with the semi-axes of the cube. The patents for the cubes were awarded in 2004, and mass-production began in 2008. Verdes's mechanism allows cubes of up"
"Pyraminx The Pyraminx () is a regular tetrahedron puzzle in the style of Rubik's Cube. It was made and patented by Uwe Mèffert after the original 3 layered Rubik's Cube by Erno Rubik, and introduced by Tomy Toys of Japan (then the 3rd largest toy company in the world) in 1981. The Pyraminx was first conceived by Mèffert in 1970. He did nothing with his design until 1981 when he first brought it to Hong Kong for production. Uwe is fond of saying had it not been for Erno Rubik's invention of the cube, his Pyraminx would have never been"
"Uwe Mèffert Uwe Mèffert (born 28 November 1939) is a German puzzle designer and inventor. He has manufactured and sold mechanical puzzles in the style of Rubik's Cube since the original Cube craze. His first design was the Pyraminx and others include the Megaminx, Skewb and Skewb Diamond. More recently he has licensed and re-released designs from other manufacturers, such as Dogic. In the 1970s Mèffert created some puzzles for his own amusement using pieces of balsa wood attached to a center ball by rubber bands. He did not think anyone else would be interested in them, and put them"
"submit their own solving videos which Zemdegs will critique. Zemdegs has a Bachelor of Commerce from the University of Melbourne, majoring in Economics, with a breadth study track in Mechanical Engineering. Current world records are displayed with a red background. Feliks Zemdegs Feliks Aleksanders Zemdegs (, ; born 20 December 1995) is an Australian Rubik's Cube speedsolver. Zemdegs has a Latvian ancestry and his maternal grandmother is Lithuanian. Zemdegs bought his first speedcube in April 2008 after being inspired by speedcubing videos and tutorials on YouTube. The first unofficial time he recorded was an average of 19.73 seconds on 14"
"Nicolas Hammond Nicolas Hammond is a British Rubik's Cube expert and businessman. He has lived in the US since 1986. He made the world's first Internet banking transaction. Nicolas Hammond was born in Attenborough, Nottinghamshire, England. He was awarded an academic scholarship to Nottingham High School and an academic scholarship to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge where he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1986 and was awarded a master's degree in 1990. Hammond is divorced with two sons and one daughter. Hammond was introduced to the Rubik's Cube in 1979 by Peter Horrill, head of mathematics at Nottingham"
"has two holes. There are three spheres that make up the puzzle. Like Rubik's Cube, Rubik's 360 has only one solution, but it cannot be solved by being broken apart. It is considered suitable for all ages and, according to first reviews, it is very addictive and engaging. The unofficial world record for solving this puzzle at a competition is 35.02 seconds, a record held by Martin Smith of the UK. Rubik's 360 Rubik's 360 is a 3D mechanical puzzle released in 2015 by Ernő Rubik, the inventor of Rubik's Cube and other puzzles. Rubik's 360 was introduced on February"
"holds a ""Assist World Record"", for creating a portrait of Abdul Kalam using 540 cubes. Prithveesh K. Bhat Prithveesh K. Bhat or Prathvish K. Bhat (born 23 December 1995) is a Indian Rubik's Cube speedsolver and mosaic artist. He has set several Rubik's Cube records, including the Guinness World Record for ""′Largest Dual Sided Rubik’s Cube Mosaic′"" , leading a team of 20 members. In 2015, he wrote a book named ""′Rubik Magic′"", which consisted of a set of easy memorizing formula’s for children to solve the Rubik Cube. It was released by D. Veerendra Heggade. He solves Rubik's cube"
"Prithveesh K. Bhat Prithveesh K. Bhat or Prathvish K. Bhat (born 23 December 1995) is a Indian Rubik's Cube speedsolver and mosaic artist. He has set several Rubik's Cube records, including the Guinness World Record for ""′Largest Dual Sided Rubik’s Cube Mosaic′"" , leading a team of 20 members. In 2015, he wrote a book named ""′Rubik Magic′"", which consisted of a set of easy memorizing formula’s for children to solve the Rubik Cube. It was released by D. Veerendra Heggade. He solves Rubik's cube in 38 seconds and till date has taught over 2,000 people and is conducting free"
"Chris Hardwick (speedcuber) Christopher Michael Hardwick (born December 6, 1983) is an American competitive speedcuber. Born in Merritt Island, Florida, he attended the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics (class of 2002) and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (class of 2005). He is known especially for his blindfolded world record solution times of Rubik's Revenge and Rubik's Professor's Cube puzzles, though he started out as a top one-handed cuber. Chris holds the former world record for the blindfolded solve time of the Rubik's Professor's Cube with 15 minutes 22 seconds. Hardwick has made a number of television"
"Rubik's Snake A Rubik's Snake (also Rubik's Twist, Rubik's Transformable Snake, Rubik’s Snake Puzzle) is a toy with 24 wedges that are right isosceles triangular prisms. The wedges are connected by spring bolts, so that they can be twisted, but not separated. By being twisted, the Rubik's Snake can be made to resemble a wide variety of objects, animals, or geometric shapes. Its ""ball"" shape in its packaging is a non-uniform concave rhombicuboctahedron. The snake was invented by Ernő Rubik, better known as the inventor of the Rubik's Cube. Rubik's Snake was released during 1981 at the height of the"
"1982 World Rubik's Cube Championship The 1982 World Rubik's Cube Championship was a competition for speedsolving the 3×3×3 Rubik's Cube. It was held in Budapest, Hungary, on 5 June 1982. Contestants selected from 19 countries took part. Minh Thai from the United States of America was the winner with a best time of 22.95 after three attempts for each contestant. The top attempt of three was taken as the competitor's score. First prize was a gold-plated Rubik's Cube. Writing shortly afterwards, David Singmaster who was one of the judges, described the competition as being efficiently organized, although at one point"
"Cube was made. The two met during the comedian's show at the Barrymore Theatre in Madison, Wisconsin, on April 11, 2015. Chris Hardwick (speedcuber) Christopher Michael Hardwick (born December 6, 1983) is an American competitive speedcuber. Born in Merritt Island, Florida, he attended the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics (class of 2002) and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (class of 2005). He is known especially for his blindfolded world record solution times of Rubik's Revenge and Rubik's Professor's Cube puzzles, though he started out as a top one-handed cuber. Chris holds the former world record for"
"Nichols invented a 2×2×2 ""Puzzle with Pieces Rotatable in Groups"" and filed a Canadian patent application for it. Nichols's cube was held together by magnets. Nichols was granted on 11 April 1972, two years before Rubik invented his Cube. On 9 April 1970, Frank Fox applied to patent an ""amusement device"", a type of sliding puzzle on a spherical surface with ""at least two 3×3 arrays"" intended to be used for the game of noughts and crosses. He received his UK patent (1344259) on 16 January 1974. In the mid-1970s, Ernő Rubik worked at the Department of Interior Design at"
"Gyorgy Bp. Szabo Gyorgy Bp. Szabo (born September 30, 1953 in Budapest) is a designer and musician. 1982 Gyorgy Bp. Szabo received his MFA from the Moholy-Nagy University Of Art And Design Budapest. He then got his Masters in Typography. His Professors included Sandor Ernyei, Janos Kass, Peter Viragvolgyi and the legendary Erno Rubik, the inventor of the Rubik's Cube. As a graphic designer he designed posters, mostly representing alternative bands. In 1992, he became the co-owner of A.R.C. Studio, and in 1994 started his own graphic design company called Bp. Studio. In 1996 he moved to Los Angeles to"
"David Singmaster David Breyer Singmaster (born 1939, USA) is a retired professor of mathematics at London South Bank University, England, UK. A self-described metagrobologist, he has a huge personal collection of mechanical puzzles and books of brain teasers. He is most famous for being an early adopter and enthusiastic promoter of the Rubik's Cube. His ""Notes on Rubik's ""Magic Cube"""" which he began compiling in 1979 provided the first mathematical analysis of the Cube as well as providing one of the first published solutions. The book contained his cube notation which allowed the recording of Rubik's Cube moves, and which"
"1.21 seconds, set by Martin Vædele Egdal on 21 October 2018 at Kjeller Open 2018, with the times (1.06), 1.09, (1.64), 1.47, and 1.07 seconds. Pocket Cube The Pocket Cube (also known as the Mini Cube) is the 2×2×2 equivalent of a Rubik's Cube. The cube consists of 8 pieces, all corners. In March 1970, Larry D. Nichols invented a 2×2×2 ""Puzzle with Pieces Rotatable in Groups"" and filed a Canadian patent application for it. Nichols's cube was held together with magnets. Nichols was granted on April 11, 1972, two years before Rubik invented his Cube. Nichols assigned his patent"
"from 2003-2012. Rubik's Magic Rubik's Magic, like Rubik's Cube, is a mechanical puzzle invented by Ernő Rubik and first manufactured by Matchbox in the mid-1980s. The puzzle consists of eight black square tiles (changed to red squares with goldish rings in 1997) arranged in a 2 × 4 rectangle; diagonal grooves on the tiles hold wires that connect them, allowing them to be folded onto each other and unfolded again in two perpendicular directions (assuming that no other connections restrict the movement) in a manner similar to a Jacob's Ladder toy. The front side of the puzzle shows, in the"
"Sudoku Cube The Sudoku Cube or Sudokube is a variation on a Rubik's Cube in which the faces have numbers one to nine on the sides instead of colours. The aim is to solve Sudoku puzzles on one or more of the sides. The toy was created in 2006 by Jay Horowitz in Sebring, Ohio. The Sudoku Cube was invented by veteran toy maker Jay Horowitz after he had the idea to combine Sudoku and a Rubik's Cube. Horowitz already owned molds to produce Rubik's Cubes and was able to use them to produce his new design. Mass production is"