"have occurred, animist, Hindu, Islamic, and Western. Islam had a very strong influence, and was adopted as Brunei's ideology and philosophy. Brunei's official main language is Malay but English is also widely spoken as it is a compulsory subject in the majority of the schools. As a Sharia country, the sale and public consumption of alcohol is banned. Non-Muslims are allowed to bring in a limited amount of alcohol from their point of embarkation overseas for their own private consumption. Media in Brunei are said to be ""pro-government"". The country has been given ""Not Free"" status by Freedom House; press"
"in Brunei schools and frequently seen in street signage throughout the country. Mandarin Chinese, the language used by the sizable minority Chinese community, is widely used as well. Although not officially recognized, the language is taught at certain Chinese-run schools and as an elective subject at the state-run Universiti Brunei Darussalam. Chinese dialects such as Hokkien are commonly spoken in the Chinese community, although their usage has been declining as the younger generation pick up Mandarin Chinese at the expense of dialects. Islam is the official religion of Brunei; Muslims make up over 78% of the population. The Constitution of"
"of the language in Brunei. The principal spoken language is ""Melayu Brunei"" (Brunei Malay). Brunei Malay is rather divergent from standard Malay and the rest of the Malay dialects, being about 84% cognate with standard Malay, and is mostly mutually unintelligible with it. English and Chinese are also widely spoken, English is also used in business, as a working language, and as the language of instruction from primary to tertiary education, and there is a relatively large expatriate community. Other languages spoken include Kedayan, Tutong, Murut and Dusun. In the Bulgarian census, the question about the mother tongue and the"
"of this census defined to which official language a municipality belonged (Dutch, French or German). However, this caused a lot of conflicts along the language border, in Brussels and its periphery (due to the Francization of Brussels). The territory of Belgium was consequently divided into four definitive official language areas and the language census was abolished, effective 1 September 1963. No national language censuses have been held since then. According to the last census in 2012 The official language of Brunei is Malay. The Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports supports for a lingual movement aimed at the increased use"
"Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam and India. Other languages and dialects spoken include Arabic, Kedayan Malay dialect, Tutong Malay dialect, Murut, and Dusun. Islam is the official religion of Brunei, specifically that of the Sunni branch, as dictated by the Madhhab of Shafi‘i. Two-thirds of the population, including the majority of Bruneian Malays adhere to Islam. Other faiths practised are Buddhism (13%, mainly by the Chinese) and Christianity (10%). Freethinkers, mostly Chinese, form about 7% of the population. Although most of them practise some form of religion with elements of Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism, they prefer to present themselves as having practised"
"political and religious matters. A press law provides prison terms of up to three years for reporting ""false news"". There are three local newspapers currently circulating in Brunei: Meanwhile, there was also one defunct newspaper: Foreign newspapers are also widely circulated in Brunei, including the ""Borneo Post"" and ""New Straits Times"" from Malaysia, ""The Straits Times"" from Singapore and the ""International Herald Tribune"". Domestic radio and television in Brunei comes under the auspices of the national broadcaster, Radio Television Brunei (RTB) and KRISTALfm, the country's only commercial radio station which ended the monopoly of radio in 1999. Foreign programming is"
"main medium of instruction in most primary and secondary schools as well as colleges and universities. Nevertheless, Malay is the medium of instruction for Malay- and Brunei-related subjects, as well as in religious primary schools. The latter also adopts Jawi alphabet, a Perso-Arabic script, instead of Roman alphabet. Arabic is used in Arabic religious schools and Islamic universities. Chinese may be used as a medium of instruction or as a subject in Chinese private schools. Education in Brunei Education in Brunei is provided or regulated by the Government of Brunei through the Ministry of Education () and the Ministry of"
"held on main mosques on all four of the districts of the country and at midnight, on 1 January 1984, the Proclamation of Independence was read by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. The sultan subsequently assumed the title ""His Majesty"", rather than the previous ""His Royal Highness"". Brunei was admitted to the United Nations on 22 September 1984, becoming the organisation's 159th member. History of Brunei The history of Brunei concerns the settlements and societies located on the north coast of the island of Borneo, which has been under the influence of Indianised kingdoms and empires for much of its history. Islamisation"
"of Brunei, Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien College was established on 15 October 1951. At the time of the establishment, it was known as Brunei Town Government English School and functioned as an English preparatory school. It was also the first government school in the country which provided education in English. The school eventually renamed to its that as it is known today in 1955. The school was the first to provide secondary education in the country. It was gradually implemented, beginning in 1953 with the introduction of Form I. By 1957, the school had all five years"
"Pilihan FM Pilihan FM is the first and only 24-hour English language radio station in Brunei. Its main language of broadcast is English, followed by Mandarin Chinese and Nepali. Pilihan FM broadcasts over the whole of Brunei on the frequencies 95.9 FM and 96.9 FM. The word ""Pilihan"" means 'your choice' in Malay, from which its slogan, ""Simply Your Choice!"", is derived. Pilihan FM is a request station. The public can choose any song (mainly English songs) they would like to listen at any time during the English broadcast period (except the ""Pilihan Goldies"" segment when only oldies can be"
"and one religious teachers' college in Brunei. The Indian minority in Brunei originates mostly from southern India. They are joined by a relatively large expatriate community, estimated at about 7500, from India. Tamil is mainly spoken by Indians in Brunei. There is also a contingent of Nepali soldiers of the Gurkha Reserve Unit in Sungai Akar camp and 1st and 2nd Battalion of the Royal Gurkha Rifles stationed in Seria, Brunei. The language spoken by most of these soldiers is Gurkhali. There are Gurkhali languages services provided by Radio Television Brunei and the British Forces Broadcasting Service. Besides the expatriate"
"Brunei since 2006. The Brunei government owns and operates six television channels with the introduction of digital TV using DVB-T (RTB 1, RTB 2, RTB 3 (HD), RTB 4, RTB 5 and RTB New Media (Game portal)) and five radio stations (National FM, Pilihan FM, Nur Islam FM, Harmony FM and Pelangi FM). A private company has made cable television available (Astro-Kristal) as well as one private radio station, Kristal FM. It also has an online campus radio station, ""UBD FM"" that streams from its first university, Universiti Brunei Darussalam. The most popular sport in Brunei is association football. The"
"over international responsibilities as an independent nation. Britain agreed to assist Brunei in diplomatic matters. In May 1983, it was announced by the UK that the date of independence of Brunei would be 1 January 1984. On 31 December 1983, a mass gathering was held on main mosques on all four of the districts of the country and at midnight, on 1 January 1984, the Proclamation of Independence was read by Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah. The sultan subsequently assumed the title ""His Majesty"", rather than the previous ""His Royal Highness"". Brunei was admitted to the United Nations on 22 September 1984,"
"recognised in Brunei, each with their own language: Tutong, Belait, Dusun, Bisaya, and Lun Bawang ('Murut'). Each of these five minority languages is threatened with extinction, though it has been reported that Murut (which is spoken mostly in the enclave of Temburong) is relatively healthy, partly because it receives some support across the Malaysian border in Lawas, where it is known as Lun Bawang. Iban is also quite widely spoken in Temburong, and there is a small community of Penan speakers living in a longhouse along the Belait River. Arabic is the language of the Quran and is used by"
"English common law, although Islamic shariah law supersedes this in some cases. Brunei has a parliament but there are no elections; the last election was held in 1962. Under Brunei's 1959 constitution, His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah is the head of state with full executive authority. Since 1962, this authority has included emergency powers, which are renewed every two years. Brunei has technically been under martial law since the Brunei Revolt of 1962. Hassanal Bolkiah also serves as the state's Prime Minister, Finance Minister and Defence Minister. The Royal family retains a venerated status"
"carrying out the duties as the Sultan in preparation for the time Brunei would eventually become an independent and sovereign country. At the stroke of midnight on 31 December 1983 at Taman Haji Sir Muda Omar Ali Saifuddien, Hassanal Bolkiah in his speech proclaimed that Brunei Darussalam had achieved its independence and sovereignty after 97 years of British protection. Soon after the speech, Omar Ali Saifuddien was honoured by the Sultan to lead the masses of people chanting Allahu Akbar (God is Great) three times. This was followed by the singing of the national anthem, the 21-gun salute and a"
"Hassanal Bolkiah Hassanal Bolkiah, GCB GCMG (full name: Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei Darussalam; born 15 July 1946) is the 29th and current Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan of Brunei. He is also the first and incumbent Prime Minister of Brunei. The eldest son of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III and ""Raja Isteri"" (Queen) Pengiran Anak Damit, he succeeded to the throne as the Sultan of Brunei, following the abdication of his father on 5 October 1967. Sultan Hassanal was also known as the"
"replacement for the matriculation qualification (SSC) offered by the Government boards of education. However, due to the high costs associated with O Level qualifications, their reach is limited to middle to elite class families. In Brunei, the O Level qualification is offered, with examinations conducted by Cambridge International Examinations (CIE). A number of subjects, including English Language, Bahasa Melayu, Malay Literature, Islamic Religious Knowledge, Ulum al-Quran, Hafaz al-Quran, Tafsir al-Quran (Asas), History, Geography, Pure sciences ( Physics, Chemistry and Biology), Arabic, Art and Design, offer exam papers and syllabuses unique to Brunei. Additionally, the Mathematics (Syllabus E) subject previously offered"
"Brunei states that ""The religion of Brunei Darussalam shall be the Muslim religion according to the Shafi'i sect of that religion"", although it also guarantees religious freedom, albeit with restrictions. The ruling monarch is depicted as the defender of Islam in the country under a system known as Malay Islamic Monarchy, while the state's Ministry of Religious Affairs officially promotes Islam in Brunei. In 2014, Brunei controversially adopted Sharia law, becoming the first East Asian country to do so. These laws applies to non-Muslims in the country and has been criticized by international organisations such as the United Nations and"
"creating a Diplomatic Service Department. After achieving full independence from the United Kingdom in January 1984, Brunei immediately established an independent foreign ministry, then known as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The ministry's first and only director since its foundation has been Prince Mohamed Bolkiah. In 2005, the government merged the ministry with the former International Relations and Trade Department of the Ministry of Industry and Primary Resources. The addition of ""Foreign Trade"" to the ministry's official name was made to reflect the full scope of its responsibilities. From 2005 until 2018, Lim Jock Seng was the Second Minister of"
"a public campaign calling to protect pangolins which are considered ""threatened treasure"" in Brunei. Government General information Travel Brunei Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the sovereign state is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's"
"financial incentives and housing. The Government also funds construction of mosques. In 2011, Brunei had a population of 422,700, including temporary residents. Of that population, 83% are Muslim, 7% are Buddhist, and less than 4% represent other faiths; the remainder did not state a religious affiliation. There are 110 mosques and prayer halls, six Christian churches, three Chinese temples, and one Hindu temple officially registered in the country. Proselytizing by faiths other than the officially sanctioned branch of Islam is not permitted. There are no missionaries reported working in the country. The Constitution states, ""The religion of Brunei Darussalam shall"
"Brunei Polytechnic Brunei Polytechnic (abbreviation: PB; ; Jawi: ڤوليتيكنيك بروني) is the first polytechnic in Brunei. It was established as a Consent from His Majesty Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah in 2008 and subsequently opens its doors to the first intake in January 2012. Students who have completed the programmes are awarded a Diploma. There are four schools under Brunei Polytechnic, namely: At present, Brunei Polytechnic has three campuses. The main campus and the campus for the School of Health Sciences are located in Brunei-Muara District where as another satellite campus is located in Belait District. The main campus in Brunei-Muara"
"Brunei and Labuan, Malaysia, including Kuraman island, are contested between Brunei and Malaysia. However, they are internationally recognised as part of the latter. Politics of Brunei The politics of Brunei take place in a framework of an absolute monarchy, where by the Sultan of Brunei is both head of state and head of government (Prime Minister of Brunei). Executive power is exercised by the government. Brunei has a legislative council with 36 appointed members, that only has consultative tasks. Under Brunei's 1959 constitution, His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, is the head of state with"
"other languages. Spoken languages in Burundi include Swahili which is widely spoken in the African Great Lakes region. It is especially used in commerce and in connection with the country's Muslim minority or with immigration from elsewhere in East Africa. Languages of Burundi Since 2014 Burundi has three official languages: Kirundi, French and English. By the same law on languages promulgated in 2014 Kiswahili is mentioned as a fourth language spoken and taught in the country. Of these, only Kirundi is spoken by the vast majority of the population. It is recognised as the national language by the Burundian constitution"
"low import tax, and low unleaded petrol price of B$0.53 per litre. A new roadway connecting the Muara and Temburong districts of Brunei is slated to be completed in 2019. Fourteen kilometres (9 mi) of this roadway would be crossing the Brunei Bay. The bridge cost is $1.6 billions. Bank of China has just (April 2016) received permission to open a branch in Brunei. Citibank, which entered in 1972, closed its operations in Brunei in 2014. HSBC, which had entered in 1947, is currently in the process of closing its operations in the country. Ethnicities indigenous to Brunei include the"
"Politics of Brunei The politics of Brunei take place in a framework of an absolute monarchy, where by the Sultan of Brunei is both head of state and head of government (Prime Minister of Brunei). Executive power is exercised by the government. Brunei has a legislative council with 36 appointed members, that only has consultative tasks. Under Brunei's 1959 constitution, His Majesty Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah, is the head of state with full executive authority, including emergency powers since 1962. The Sultan's role is enshrined in the national philosophy known as ""Melayu Islam Beraja"" (MIB),"
"Birders Group. Islam is the state religion of Brunei, and tourists should observe Islamic etiquette. Women should dress modestly in conservative and rural areas. During the month of Ramadan, visitors are not permitted to drink or eat during the day in public areas. Most major tourist attractions in Brunei are Islamic mosques. Foreign, non-Muslim tourists in proper attire may enter mosques; women should cover their head, shoulders and knees. Although the sale of alcohol is prohibited in Brunei, non-Muslims over age 17 may bring two bottles of liquor or wine and 12 cans of beer into the country; 48 hours"
"for young children. The palace is also open to Muslims during 10 days of the Ramadhan period for Tadarus and Tarawih prayer gathering. Istana Nurul Iman The Istana Nurul Iman (Jawi: ايستان نور الإيمان; English: The Light of Faith Palace) is the official residence of the Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah, and the seat of the Brunei government. The palace is located on a leafy, riverside sprawl of hills on the banks of the Brunei River, a few kilometres southwest of Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei's capital city. The palace is often at the centre of state occasions and royal hospitality."
"Brunei Brunei ( ), officially the Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace (, Jawi: ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its coastline with the South China Sea, the sovereign state is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is separated into two parts by the Sarawak district of Limbang. Brunei is the only sovereign state completely on the island of Borneo; the remainder of the island's territory is divided between the nations of Malaysia and Indonesia. Brunei's population was in . At the peak"
"from the United Kingdom, and was sung as the national anthem of the independent state at the stroke of midnight 1 January 1984. The national anthem is sung by schoolchildren in Brunei at the beginning of school every Monday during the raising of the national flag and national emblem at school assemblies. The national anthem is played each morning early breakfast on radio and television by Radio Televisyen Brunei (RTB) and at the sign-on and sign-off (replay rerun recorded sign-on) of its transmission for the day. Allah Peliharakan Sultan ""Allah Peliharakan Sultan"" (Jawi: الله فليهاراكن سلطن ) () is the"
"Radio Television Brunei Radio Television Brunei (officially abbreviated as RTB) is the state broadcaster of Brunei. Radio Brunei made its first broadcast on 2 May 1957, with a television service starting on 1 March 1975. Radio Television Brunei also monopolies the free-to-air television in the country, and also radio until 1999, when the country's only commercial radio station, Kristal FM was founded. The network’s logo was based from the national emblem of Brunei. Radio Television Brunei was officially opened on 2 May 1957 with a Hari Raya Message from His Majesty Al-Marhum DYMM Paduka Seri Baginda Maulana Al-Sultan Sir Muda"
"would be expelled. Brunei were re-instated on 31 May 2011. ""This competition was formerly known as the Tiger Cup"" Friendlies 2018 AFF Suzuki Cup qualification The following 23 players were announced for the 2018 AFF Suzuki Cup qualification matches on 1–8 September 2018. Reduan Petara was subsequently replaced by Hanif Hamir. Brunei national football team The Brunei national football team (also known as the Brunei Darussalam national football team) nicknamed ""Tebuan"" (The Wasps), is the national team of the Brunei and is controlled by the National Football Association of Brunei Darussalam. The team was founded in 1959 and joined FIFA"