"transactions are rounded to the nearest 10c. A bi-metallic R5 coin with added security features, including a grooved edge and micro-lettering on the reverse, was introduced in 2004. The gold Krugerrand coin is produced in 1/10 oz, 1/4 oz, 1/2 oz and 1 oz denominations. Coins of the South African rand The coins of the South African rand are part of the physical form of South Africa's currency, the South African rand. In 1961, South Africa replaced the pound with a decimal currency: 100 cents (100c) = 1 rand (R1), 1 rand being valued at 10 shillings and 1 cent"
"Namibian dollar The Namibia dollar (symbol: $; code: NAD; ) has been the currency of Namibia since 1993. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or alternatively N$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. It is divided into 100 cents. The dollar replaced the South African rand, which had been the country's currency while it was under South African rule as South-West Africa from 1920 until 1990, at par. The rand is still legal tender, as the Namibian dollar is linked to the South African rand and can be exchanged on a one-to-one basis locally. Namibia was"
"Rwandan franc The Rwandan franc (sign: FRw, and possibly RF or R₣; ISO 4217: RWF) is the currency of Rwanda. It is subdivided into 100 centimes. The franc became the currency of Rwanda in 1916, when Belgium occupied the previously German colony and the Belgian Congo franc replaced the German East African rupie. Rwanda used the currency of Belgian Congo until 1960, when the Rwanda and Burundi franc was introduced. Rwanda began issuing its own francs in 1964. A proposal exists to introduce a common currency, a new East African shilling, for the five member states of the East African"
"the Namibian dollar. In 2002 a new revenue-sharing formula was introduced, which included a development component. In 2003 Swaziland reauthorized the use of the rand as legal tender in the interest of facilitating exchange between these countries. The currency agreement made between these countries is one of the most important issues in the agreement. As issued before, each country has the right to have their own national currencies. These currencies are only legal tender in their own countries. However, the South African Rand is tender throughout the CMA. According to the agreement the CMA countries can have access to the"
"of Namibian pattern coins denominated in South African Rand dated 1990. This short-lived tender was cited in the 2005 edition of Krause's 'Unusual World Coins'. Namibian dollar The Namibia dollar (symbol: $; code: NAD; ) has been the currency of Namibia since 1993. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or alternatively N$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. It is divided into 100 cents. The dollar replaced the South African rand, which had been the country's currency while it was under South African rule as South-West Africa from 1920 until 1990, at par. The rand is"
"power, and increased domestic tensions. Rwanda's economy suffered heavily during the 1994 Genocide, with widespread loss of life, failure to maintain the infrastructure, looting, and neglect of important cash crops. This caused a large drop in GDP and destroyed the country's ability to attract private and external investment. The economy has since strengthened, with per-capita GDP (PPP) estimated at $2,225 in 2018, compared with $416 in 1994. Major export markets include China, Germany, and the United States. The economy is managed by the central National Bank of Rwanda and the currency is the Rwandan franc; in June 2010, the exchange"
"time, Trading Economics released data that the Rand ""averaged R4.97 to the dollar between 1972 and 2015, reaching an all time high of R12.45 in December of 2001 and a record low of R0.67 in June of 1973."" By the end of 2014, the Rand had weakened to R 15.05 per dollar, partly due to South Africa's consistent trade account deficit with the rest of the world. From 9 December 2015 to 13 December 2015, over a four-day period, the Rand dropped over 10% due to what some suspected was President Zuma's surprise announcement that he would be replacing the"
"is highly susceptible to global investor sentiment as the country relies on foreign money to cover it's large budget and current account deficits."" On November 13, 2017, the Rand ""tumbled"" over a full percent when the budget chief Michael Sachs stood down from his position in Zuma's administration. Coins were introduced in 1961 in denominations of , 1, , 5, 10, 20, and 50 cents. In 1965, 2-cent coins replaced the -cent coins. The -cent coin was last struck for circulation in 1973. The 2-Rand coin was introduced in 1989, followed by 5-Rand coins in 1994. Production of the 1-"
"where most of South Africa's gold deposits were found. The Rand was introduced in the-then Union of South Africa on 14 February 1961, three months before the Republic of South Africa was established. A Decimal Coinage Commission had been set up in 1956 to consider a move away from the denominations of pounds, shillings, and pence, submitting its recommendation on 8 August 1958. It replaced the South African pound as legal tender, at the rate of 2 Rand to 1 pound, or 10 shillings to the Rand. The government introduced a mascot, Decimal Dan, ""the Rand-cent man"" (known in Afrikaans"
"they are estimated to contribute 13.9 billion NAD in 2012. The Namibian economy is closely linked to South Africa with the Namibian dollar pegged to the South African rand. Privatisation of several enterprises in coming years may stimulate long-run foreign investment, although with the trade union movement opposed, so far most politicians have been reluctant to advance the issue. In September 1993, Namibia introduced its own currency, the Namibia Dollar (N$), which is linked to the South African Rand at a fixed exchange rate of 1:1. There has been widespread acceptance of the Namibia Dollar throughout the country and, while"
"administered essentially as a fifth province of South Africa, as it was integrated economically and militarily under the apartheid regime. Upon independence in 1990, Namibia's economy was still tied to South Africa's. To this day, the economy of Namibia is still closely connected to South Africa through both institutional relationships (Southern African Customs Union, for example) and privately owned mining concessions. The South African rand is still legal currency within Namibia, while the Namibian dollar is not so in South Africa and the currencies are traded on par locally. In 2010, trade between the two states totaled 436,689 South African"
"by the Eskom electricity crisis, which arose from the utility being unable to meet the country's rapidly growing energy demands. A stalled mining industry in late-2012 led to new lows in early 2013. In late-January 2014, the Rand slid to R11.25 to the dollar, with analysts attributing the shift to ""word from the US Federal Reserve that it would trim back stimulus spending, which led to a massive sell-off in emerging economies."" In 2014, South Africa experienced its worst year against the US dollar since 2009, and in March 2015, the Rand traded at its worst since 2002. At the"
"history.<br> Images of the third manat. Turkmenistan manat The manat is the currency of Turkmenistan. It was introduced on 1 November 1993, replacing the Russian ruble at a rate of 1 manat = 500 rubles. The ISO 4217 code was ""TMM"", and the manat was subdivided into 100 ""tenge"". The abbreviation m is sometimes used, e.g., 25 000 m is twenty-five thousand manat. On January 1, 2009, the new manat was introduced with ISO 4217 code ""TMT"" at the rate of 5000 old manat to 1 new manat. The word """"manat"""" is borrowed from Persian word """"munāt"""" and the Russian"
"and the 32nd freest in the world. Jordan ranked as having the 35th best infrastructure in the world, according to the World Economic Forum's Index of Economic Competitiveness. The Kingdom scored higher than many of its peers in the Persian Gulf and Europe like Kuwait, Israel. and Ireland. The 2010 AOF Index of Globalization ranked Jordan as the most globalized country in the Middle East and North Africa region. Jordan's banking sector is classified as ""highly developed"" by the IMF along with the GCC economies and Lebanon The official currency in Jordan is the Jordanian dinar and divides into 100"
"the South African currency, the rand. The currency decline made imports more expensive which in turn caused inflation in South Africa to rise at a very steep 12-15% per year. The South African government did attempt to restrict the damaging outflow of capital. Knight writes that ""in September 1985 it imposed a system of exchange control and a debt repayments standstill. Under exchange control, South African residents are generally prohibited from removing capital from the country and foreign investors can only remove investments via the financial rand, which is traded at a 20% to 40% discount compared to the commercial"
"Ruanda-Urundi franc The Ruanda-Urundi franc was a currency issued for the Belgian mandate territory of Ruanda-Urundi (modern-day Rwanda and Burundi) in East Africa between 1960 and 1964. The currency replaced the Belgian Congo franc which had also circulated in Ruanda-Urundi from 1916 until 1960 when the Belgian Congo became independent, leaving Ruanda-Urundi as the sole Belgian colonial possession in Africa. With the independence of Rwanda and Burundi in 1962, the shared Ruanda-Urundi franc continued to circulate until 1964 when it was eventually replaced by two separate national currencies. The franc became the currency of Rwanda and Burundi in 1916, when"
"cities. Raam is a bearer bond and local currency issued by Global Country of World Peace. It was designed for the development of agricultural projects and to combat poverty in third world countries. As of 2003, it had limited acceptance in some European and U.S. cities. The currency has been used in Iowa and has been also given approval in The Netherlands where more than 100 Dutch shops, department store chains, in 30 villages and cities, are using the notes at a fixed rate of 10 euros per raam. The Raam is issued in denominations of 1, 5 and 10"
"of the whole region. The South African economy has a large volume of capital (public and private) in close relation to the global economic marketplaces. The currency of South Africa is the rand, which is also used in other countries of Southern Africa. The Johannesburg Stock Exchange is the biggest in Africa and tenth globally. Major sectors of the economy are mining (especially coal extraction), diamonds, gold and platinum. It is among the countries with the greatest reserves and diversity of mineral wealth. It has the most powerful and diversified industry in Africa, from processing of agricultural goods and minerals"
"Rand (approximately US $36,274), down from 927,917 rand in 2007. The issue of Walvis Bay, an important port over which South Africa retained control following independence, was returned to the government of Namibia on 1 March 1994, prior the election of Nelson Mandela as President of South Africa. Namibia–South Africa relations Namibia–South Africa relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Namibia and South Africa. South Africa conquered the area now known as Namibia from Germany during World War I and occupied it until 1990, when it gained independence. During those 75 years, thousands of South Africans settled in"
"middle-income countries in other regions. They compare more favourably with firms from lower middle income countries, but are hampered by inadequate governance arrangements and infrastructure. Eswatini's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand, subsuming Eswatini's monetary policy to South Africa. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. Eswatini is not poor enough to merit an IMF programme; however, the country is struggling to reduce the size of the civil service and control costs"
"Qatari riyal The Qatari riyal is the currency of the State of Qatar. It is divided into 100 dirhams () and is abbreviated as either QR (English) or (Arabic). Until 1966, Qatar used the Indian rupee as currency, in the form of Gulf rupees. When India devalued the rupee in 1966, Qatar, along with the other states using the Gulf rupee, chose to introduce its own currency. Before doing so, Qatar briefly adopted the Saudi riyal, then introduced the Qatar and Dubai riyal which was the result of signing the Qatar-Dubai Currency Agreement on 21 March 1966. The Saudi riyal"
"of change. Foreign exchange regulations and monetary policy throughout the CMA continue to reflect the influence of the South African Reserve Bank. Of the SACU members, only Botswana is currently out of the CMA, having replaced the rand with the pula in 1976. Botswana wanted to implement its own monetary policy and to adjust the exchange rate in case of any future problem in the economy that will affect their economy as well. The CMA, enacted in July 1986, originated from the Rand Monetary Area (RMA), which was established in December 1974; the signatories of the latter were South Africa,"
"to 3.81 riyals being required to buy 1 US dollar in late June 2017, a situation that continued until December 2017. This also led to cessation of trading of Qatari banknotes outside of Qatar with certain banks in certain countries such as the UK. Within Qatar itself, however, the Central Bank of Qatar has continued to buy and sell US dollars at the fixed rate. Qatari riyal The Qatari riyal is the currency of the State of Qatar. It is divided into 100 dirhams () and is abbreviated as either QR (English) or (Arabic). Until 1966, Qatar used the Indian"
"Sri Lankan rupee The rupee (, ) (signs: රු, ரூ, Rs; code: LKR) is the currency of Sri Lanka, divided into 100 cents. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka. The abbreviation is generally Rs., but ""LKR"" is occasionally used to distinguish it from other currencies also called rupee. The British pound became Ceylon's official money of account in 1825, replacing the Ceylonese rixdollar at a rate of 1 pound = rixdollars, and British silver coin was made legal tender. Treasury notes denominated in pounds were issued in 1827, replacing the earlier rixdollar notes. Rixdollar notes not"
"and short- to medium-term credit. Dependence of the sector on donor assistance is limited. Burundi is part of the East African Community and a potential member of the planned East African Federation. Economic growth in Burundi is relatively steady but Burundi is still behind neighbouring countries. Burundi's currency is the Burundian franc (ISO 4217 code BIF). It is nominally subdivided into 100 centimes, though coins have never been issued in centimes in independent Burundi; centime coins were circulated only when Burundi used the Belgian Congo franc. Monetary Policy is controlled by the central bank, Bank of the Republic of Burundi."
"Burundian franc The franc (ISO 4217 code is BIF) is the currency of Burundi. It is nominally subdivided into 100 ""centimes"", although coins have never been issued in centimes since Burundi began issuing its own currency. Only during the period when Burundi used the Belgian Congo franc were centime coins issued. The franc became the currency of Burundi in 1916, when Belgium occupied the former German colony and replaced the German East African rupie with the Belgian Congo franc. Burundi used the currency of Belgian Congo until 1960, when the Rwanda and Burundi franc was introduced. Burundi began issuing its"
"opened there was a dramatic fall from Canada to Brazil. The referendum result also had an immediate negative economic impact on a number of other countries. The South African rand experienced its largest single-day decline since the Great Recession in 2008, dropping in value by over 8% against the United States dollar. Other countries negatively affected include Canada, whose stock exchange fell 1.70%, Nigeria, and Kenya. This was partly due to a general global financial shift out of currencies seen as risky and into the US dollar, and partly due to concerns over how the UK's withdrawal from the EU"
"francs. Congolese franc The franc is the currency of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is subdivided into 100 ""centimes"". During Belgian colonial rule, currency denominated in centimes and francs was issued for use in Congo. These francs were equal in value to the Belgian franc. From 1916, the Congolese franc also circulated in Rwanda and Burundi. From 1952, the currency was issued bearing the names Belgian Congo (either ""Congo Belge"" or ""Belgische Congo"") and ""Ruanda-Urundi"". In 1960, Rwanda and Burundi adopted their own franc, whilst, between 1960 and 1963, Katanga also issued its own franc. The franc remained"
"Rwandan franc; in August 2015, the exchange rate was 755 francs to the United States dollar. Rwanda joined the East African Community in 2007, and has ratified a plan for monetary union amongst the five member nations, which could eventually lead to a common East African shilling. Rwanda is a country of few natural resources, and the economy is based mostly on subsistence agriculture by local farmers using simple tools. An estimated 90% of the working population farms, and agriculture constituted an estimated 32.5% of GDP in 2014. Farming techniques are basic, with small plots of land and steep slopes."
"then-Finance Minister Nhlanhla Nene with the little-known David van Rooyen. The rapid drop in value was stemmed when Zuma backtracked and announced that the better-known previous Minister of Finance, Pravin Gordhan, would instead be appointed to the post. Zuma's surprise sacking of Nene damaged international confidence in the Rand, with it experiencing significant exchange volatility throughout much of January 2016, reaching an all-time low of R 17.9169 to the US dollar on the 9 January 2016 before rebounding to R 16.57 later the same day. The January drop in value was also partly caused by Japanese retail investors cutting their"
"and the Netherlands. In 2011 the BES Islands replaced their currency, the Netherlands Antillean guilder (: ANG, symbol: ƒ), with the US dollar rather than replacing it with the euro which is used in the European Netherlands. The decision was based primarily on the needs for tourism and trade. Most countries and territories in the Caribbean use the dollar as their currency or have a currency linked to the dollar as legal tender. The guilder has been pegged to the US dollar for decades with an exchange rate of ƒ1.79 = US$1.00. Adopting the dollar put an end to the"
"in December/January, are the nation's most important events. Eswatini is a developing country with a small economy. With a GDP per capita of $9,714, it is classified as a country with a lower-middle income. As a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), its main local trading partner is South Africa; in order to ensure economic stability, Eswatini's currency, the lilangeni, is pegged to the South African rand. Eswatini's major overseas trading partners are the United States and the European Union. The majority of the country's employment is provided"
"was introduced in 1844 during the Ottoman reign. The Turkish Lira is now the currency of Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The Lebanese pound is called ""lira"" in Arabic, which is the national language of Lebanon. The Syrian pound is called ""lira"" in Arabic, which is the national language of Syria. The Jordanian dinar is widely called a ""lira"" in Arabic, which is the national language of Jordan. The Bulgarian and Romanian languages refer to the English pound as ""lira"" (or occasionally ""paund"") in opposition to Croatian which refers to the Italian currency as ""lira"". Lira Lira"