"present in these cold craters including Tolkien. The crater along with that portion of the planet which were the two remaining uncharted polar portions of the planet was first discovered and imaged in around 2011 by the orbiter MESSENGER. Tolkien (crater) Tolkien are one of the northernmost craters on Mercury located at 88.82 S, 211.08 W and is inside the Borealis quadrangle. It is 125 km in diameter and named after the South African born British writer J. R. R. Tolkien, notable for The Lord of the Rings trilogy. The name was approved by IAU's Working Group for Planetary System"
"1970. He blames Tolkien, and the failure of the church to take effective action, for ruining his life. John Francis Reuel Tolkien John Francis Reuel Tolkien (1917–2003) was an English priest and the eldest son of J. R. R. Tolkien. He was born in Cheltenham on 16 November 1917. He was educated at the Dragon School, Oxford and The Oratory School in Caversham, Berkshire where in his final year he decided to become a priest. On the advice of the Archbishop he decided to go to college to study English and joined Exeter College, Oxford from where he received his"
"Tolkien family The Tolkien family is an English family whose best-known member is J. R. R. Tolkien, Oxford academic and author of the fantasy books ""The Hobbit"", ""The Lord of the Rings"" and ""The Silmarillion"". According to J. R. R. Tolkien, the family emigrated from Lower Saxony in Germany to England in the 18th century. The Tolkien name, with different spellings, is also still found in Germany. The name was possibly derived from the village of Tolkynen near Rastenburg, East Prussia (now in Poland and known as Tołkiny). John Ronald Reuel Tolkien CBE (3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973)"
"& Times of Michael K. His 1999 novel ""Disgrace"" won him his second Booker Prize as well as the 2000 Commonwealth Writers' Prize. He is also the recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2003. English writer J. R. R. Tolkien, author of ""The Hobbit"", ""The Lord of the Rings"" and ""The Silmarillion"", was born in Bloemfontein in 1892. South Africa has a rich tradition of oral poetry. Several influential African poets became prominent in the 1970s such as Mongane Wally Serote, whose most famous work, ""No Baby Must Weep"", gave insight into the everyday lives of black South"
"his son by his first marriage, barrister and novelist Simon Mario Reuel Tolkien, though they have since reconciled. Christopher Tolkien Christopher John Reuel Tolkien (born 21 November 1924) is the third son of the author J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973), and the editor of much of his father's posthumously published work. He drew the original maps for his father's ""The Lord of the Rings"", which he signed C. J. R. T. Christopher Tolkien was born in Leeds, the third and youngest son of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien and his wife, Edith Mary Tolkien (née Bratt). He was educated at the"
"enduringly popular and successful works have had a remarkable influence on the genre. Thus he has been popularly identified as the ""father of modern fantasy literature"", or to be precise, high fantasy. L. Sprague de Camp and others consider him the father of modern fantasy together with sword and sorcery author Robert E. Howard (creator of Conan the Barbarian). Arthur Reuel Tolkien (c. 18 February 1857 – 15 February 1896), the father of author J. R. R. Tolkien, was born in Handsworth, Staffordshire, England (now a suburb of Birmingham). He was the eldest child of John Benjamin Tolkien and Mary"
"John Francis Reuel Tolkien John Francis Reuel Tolkien (1917–2003) was an English priest and the eldest son of J. R. R. Tolkien. He was born in Cheltenham on 16 November 1917. He was educated at the Dragon School, Oxford and The Oratory School in Caversham, Berkshire where in his final year he decided to become a priest. On the advice of the Archbishop he decided to go to college to study English and joined Exeter College, Oxford from where he received his B.A. degree in 1939. In November 1939, he went to the English College, Rome to train as a"
"J. R. R. Tolkien John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, (; 3 January 1892 – 2 September 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor who is best known as the author of the classic high fantasy works ""The Hobbit"", ""The Lord of the Rings"", and ""The Silmarillion"". He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, from 1945 to 1959. He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis—they were both"
"Christopher Tolkien Christopher John Reuel Tolkien (born 21 November 1924) is the third son of the author J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973), and the editor of much of his father's posthumously published work. He drew the original maps for his father's ""The Lord of the Rings"", which he signed C. J. R. T. Christopher Tolkien was born in Leeds, the third and youngest son of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien and his wife, Edith Mary Tolkien (née Bratt). He was educated at the Dragon School (Oxford) and later at The Oratory School. He entered the Royal Air Force in summer 1943"
"the Bloemfontein mine, the area where ""The Lord of the Rings"" author J. R. R. Tolkien was born. Their version of the ring, also inscribed with elvish script, sold in a variety of sizes in various jewellery stores throughout South Africa and directly through their website. Harmony Gold (mining) Harmony Gold is the third largest gold mining company in South Africa.Harmony operates in South Africa and in Papua New Guinea. The company has nine underground mines, one open-pit mine and several surface operations in South Africa. In Papua New Guinea, it has Hidden Valley, an open-pit gold and silver mine"
"Simon Tolkien Simon Mario Reuel Tolkien (born 12 January 1959) is a British barrister and novelist. He is the grandson of J. R. R. Tolkien, and the oldest child of Christopher Tolkien. Simon was born in Oxford on 12 January 1959, the only child of Christopher Tolkien and his first wife, Faith Faulconbridge. His parents separated when he was five years old and he grew up with his mother. He was educated at the Dragon School in Oxford and then Downside School. He studied modern history at Trinity College, Oxford, after which he embarked on a fifteen-year career as a"
"with his father, describing it as a permanent breach. However, they have since reconciled. Simon Tolkien currently lives in southern California with his wife Tracy. Simon's son Nicholas is a playwright and director who debuted with his first play ""Terezin"" in June 2017. Simon Tolkien Simon Mario Reuel Tolkien (born 12 January 1959) is a British barrister and novelist. He is the grandson of J. R. R. Tolkien, and the oldest child of Christopher Tolkien. Simon was born in Oxford on 12 January 1959, the only child of Christopher Tolkien and his first wife, Faith Faulconbridge. His parents separated when"
"Zealand's successful exploitation of its movie-related J. R. R. Tolkien associations, with that of J.R.R.'s (and Toyah's) home town, Birmingham. Tim Tolkien Tim Tolkien (born September 1962) is an English sculptor who has designed several monumental sculptures, including the award-winning ""Sentinel"". He has a wood carving and metal sculpture business at Cradley Heath, West Midlands. He is also a bass player and member of the band Klangstorm, founded in 1996. Tim is the great-nephew of the writer J. R. R. Tolkien. He was raised in the village of Hughenden Valley and went to the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe. He"
"did not suit the young J.R.R. Tolkien and his mother took both her sons to visit her parents in Kings Heath in Birmingham. When her husband died in 1896 she decided to stay back in England with her sons. They moved to Sarehole, a village then outside Birmingham, in 1896. As a child, J.R.R. Tolkien used to tell stories to his younger brother Hilary, making ogres out of the adult people in the village. Ronald nicknamed the flour-coated miller's son in the nearby Sarehole Mill ""The White Ogre"". A farmer who used to terrorise children intruding on his land was"
"and MacNeice, they were to be adopted by Virginia Woolf and through her much of 1930s literary London. The best-known early to mid 20th century novelist associated with Birmingham was J. R. R. Tolkien, whose books ""The Hobbit"" and ""The Lord of the Rings"" are two of the world's four best-selling books of all time, with over 100 million and over 150 million copies in print respectively. Although Tolkien was born in Bloemfontein in South Africa, he later called this a ""fallacious fact"" claiming that he ""happened to be born there by accident"". Both of his parents were from Birmingham"
"with his wife and children went to stay with Hilary for a while. A few months before his death, he visited Hilary in Evesham. Hilary married Magdalen Matthews in 1928. They had three children. The first son, Gabriel, was born in 1931, the second son, Julian, in 1935, and the third son, Paul, in 1938. John Francis Reuel Tolkien (1917–2003) was the eldest son of J. R. R. Tolkien. He was born in Cheltenham on 16 November 1917. He was educated at the Dragon School, Oxford and The Oratory School in Caversham, Berkshire where in his final year he decided"
"trustee of The Tolkien Trust for 80 million USD accusing them of exploiting Middle-earth characters to promote online gambling. Michael George Reuel Tolkien (born 1943) is a British poet. He is the grandson of J. R. R. Tolkien, being the eldest son of Michael H. R. Tolkien. Michael Tolkien was educated at The Oratory School in Oxford and then Ampleforth College. He studied English and Classics at St Andrews University and later a B.Phil. at Oxford. He taught as Head of English at Uppingham School until 1992. He has several volumes of published poetry including ""Taking Cover"", ""Outstripping Gravity"" and"
"for publication. The contents of the book were released in a 1976 book titled ""The Father Christmas Letters"", in which Baillie is credited as the editor. In the 1976–77 exhibition of paintings held at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford and afterwards at the National Book League in London, Baillie contributed a short introduction to the catalogue. Priscilla Mary Anne Reuel Tolkien (born 18 June 1929) is the fourth and youngest child of J. R. R. Tolkien, and his only daughter. Priscilla had long been hoped for, and was born to Tolkien and his wife in their house at 22 Northmoor"
"Martin Romberg Martin Romberg (born 03 January 1978) is a Norwegian composer. He is one of the most active orchestral composers in his generation in Scandinavia. He is mostly known for his J.R.R Tolkien and fantasy literature inspired orchestral and choral works. Being born to a working class family in Oslo, Romberg early moved out of Norway to study classical music at the university of Vienna, Austria. Breaking the bond with modernist tradition and his composition teacher Michael Jarrell, he embraced neo-romanticism from 2006. His works has since been published by Éditions Billaudot in Paris and interpreted by numerous orchestras"
"the United States in 2010, according to ""Publishers Weekly"". By March 2015, his series had sold 80 million copies worldwide. Stieg Larsson was born on 15 August 1954, as Karl Stig-Erland Larsson, in Skelleftehamn, Västerbottens län, Sweden, where his father and maternal grandfather worked in the Rönnskärsverken smelting plant. Suffering from arsenic poisoning, his father resigned from his job, and the family subsequently moved to Stockholm. But because of their cramped living conditions, they chose to let one-year-old Larsson remain behind. So until the age of nine, Larsson lived with his grandparents in a small wooden house in the countryside,"
"London and Birmingham. The Tolkien family had emigrated from Germany in the 18th century but had become ""quickly intensely English"". According to the family tradition, the Tolkiens had arrived in England in 1756, as refugees from Frederick the Great's invasion of the Electorate of Saxony during the Seven Years' War. Several families with the surname Tolkien or similar spelling live in northwestern Germany, mainly in Lower Saxony and Hamburg. Tolkien believed his surname derived from the German word ""tollkühn"", meaning ""foolhardy"", and jokingly inserted himself as a ""cameo"" into ""The Notion Club Papers"" under the literally translated name Rashbold. However,"
"conductor he has worked with London Session Orchestra recording his own album ""Norse Mysteries"" at Abbey Road Studios. Martin Romberg Martin Romberg (born 03 January 1978) is a Norwegian composer. He is one of the most active orchestral composers in his generation in Scandinavia. He is mostly known for his J.R.R Tolkien and fantasy literature inspired orchestral and choral works. Being born to a working class family in Oslo, Romberg early moved out of Norway to study classical music at the university of Vienna, Austria. Breaking the bond with modernist tradition and his composition teacher Michael Jarrell, he embraced neo-romanticism"
"criminal collusion and connivance. J. R. R. Tolkien was Professor of English Language and Literature at Oxford University, and the author of ""The Hobbit"", ""The Lord of the Rings"", and ""The Silmarillion"".My political opinions lean more and more to Anarchy (philosophically understood, meaning the abolition of control not whiskered men with bombs) — or to ‘unconstitutional’ Monarchy. I would arrest anybody who uses the word State (in any sense other than the inanimate real of England and its inhabitants, a thing that has neither power, rights nor mind); and after a chance of recantation, execute them if they remained obstinate!"
"J. K. Rowling Joanne Rowling , ( ""rolling""; born 31 July 1965), writing under the pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, philanthropist, film producer, television producer and screenwriter, best known for writing the ""Harry Potter"" fantasy series. The books have won multiple awards, and sold more than 500 million copies, becoming the best-selling book series in history. They have also been the basis for a film series, over which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts and was a producer on the final films in the series. Born in Yate, Gloucestershire, England, Rowling was"
"messages. By deciphering the code, Edith was able to track his movements on a map of the Front. After Tolkien's return from France, their first child, John Francis Reuel (16 November 1917 – 22 January 2003) was born in Cheltenham. While Tolkien was stationed at Kingston upon Hull, he and Edith went walking in the woods at nearby Roos, and Edith began to dance for him in a clearing among the flowering hemlock: We walked in a wood where hemlock was growing, a sea of white flowers. This incident inspired the account of the meeting of Beren and Lúthien, and"
"Reuel Tolkien died in 1984 from leukemia. Christopher John Reuel Tolkien (born 21 November 1924) is the youngest son of J. R. R. and Edith Tolkien. He is best known as his father's literary executor; he is the editor of much of his father's posthumously published work. ""The Fall of Gondolin "" is the latest example of his editorial work, published on 30 August 2018. During the Second World War he served in the RAF as a pilot. After the war, he followed in his father's footsteps, becoming a lecturer and tutor in English Language at New College, Oxford from"
"in New Jersey, which had become his adopted home. Ivan T. Sanderson Ivan Terence Sanderson (January 30, 1911 – February 19, 1973) was a biologist and writer born in Edinburgh, Scotland, who became a naturalized citizen of the United States. Sanderson is remembered for his nature writing and his interest in cryptozoology and paranormal subjects. He also wrote fiction under the name Terence Roberts. Born in Scotland, Sanderson traveled widely in his youth. His father, who manufactured whisky professionally, was killed by a rhinoceros while assisting a documentary film crew in Kenya in 1925. As a teenager, Sanderson attended Eton"
"photographs. In 1992, they released a book titled ""The Tolkien Family Album"" containing photographs and memories of the Tolkien family and giving an account of their father's life to celebrate the centenary birth anniversary of J. R. R. Tolkien. Michael Hilary Reuel Tolkien (22 October 1920 – 27 February 1984) was a British teacher. He was J. R. R. Tolkien's second son and was named after J. R. R. Tolkien's brother Hilary. When young Michael lost his toy dog and became sad about this, his father began to write the story of ""Roverandom"" to comfort him. Michael's fear of spiders"
"Literature, in which post he remained until his retirement in 1959. He served as an external examiner for University College, Dublin, for many years. In 1954 Tolkien received an honorary degree from the National University of Ireland (of which U.C.D. was a constituent college). Tolkien completed ""The Lord of the Rings"" in 1948, close to a decade after the first sketches. Tolkien also translated the Book of Jonah for the ""Jerusalem Bible"", which was published in 1966. The Tolkiens had four children: John Francis Reuel Tolkien (17 November 1917 – 22 January 2003), Michael Hilary Reuel Tolkien (22 October 1920"
"was chosen by Isaac Asimov, Terry Carr, and Martin Greenberg to appear in their 1984 anthology ""100 Great Fantasy Short Short Stories"". ""Tommy's Christmas"" has since been published in many different countries and languages. John R. Little continues to currently write novels, novellas, and short stories. His recent work has received many award nominations including the Black Quill and Bram Stoker Award. John R. Little John R. Little is best known as a writer of horror and dark fantasy fiction. He was born in London, Ontario, Canada on August 16, 1955, and he currently resides in Ayr, ON Canada. John"
"metal cross from its roof. The loss was valued at £30,000. The Birmingham Oratory was to play a major role in the life of J. R. R. Tolkien, the author of ""The Lord of the Rings"", who was a parishioner there for about nine years during his childhood. After the unexpected death of their father in South Africa, their mother, Mabel Suffield Tolkien, began to seek a spiritual home where she could find support in her struggle as a widow and single mother of little financial means. Fifty years after the establishment of the Oratorian community there, she started to"
"gave the inaugural Tolkien Lecture at Pembroke College, Oxford, speaking on the topic of fantasy literature. Kij Johnson Kij Johnson (born Katherine Irenae Johnson January 20, 1960 in Harlan, Iowa) is an American writer of fantasy. She is a faculty member at the University of Kansas. Kij Johnson was born in Harlan, Iowa. She received her BA from St. Olaf College in 1982, studied creative writing and literature at the University of Minnesota and at University of Kansas, then earned an MFA in Creative Writing from North Carolina State University in 2012. She joined the University of Kansas English Department"
"Edith Tolkien Edith Mary Tolkien (21 January 1889 – 29 November 1971; ""née"" Bratt) was the wife and muse of novelist J. R. R. Tolkien, and the inspiration for his fictional characters Lúthien Tinúviel and Arwen Evenstar. Edith Bratt was born in Gloucester on 21 January 1889. Her mother, Frances Bratt, was 30 years old, unmarried, and was the daughter of a local shoe- and bootmaker. According to Humphrey Carpenter, Frances Bratt never married and the name of Edith's father is not listed on her birth certificate. Even so, Frances is reported to have always preserved a photograph of her"