"full-time revolutionary and outlaw. He became one of the Bolsheviks' chief operatives in the Caucasus, organizing paramilitaries, spreading propaganda, raising money through bank robberies, and kidnappings and extortion. Stalin was captured and exiled to Siberia numerous times, but often escaped. He became one of Lenin's closest associates, which helped him rise to the heights of power after the Russian Revolution. Stalin was born on in the town of Gori, in what is today the country of Georgia. He was baptised on and christened Ioseb, but those close to him called him ""Soso"". His parents were Ekaterine and Besarion Jughashvili. He"
"Joseph Stalin Joseph Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; 18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Georgian ethnicity. He ruled the Soviet Union from the mid–1920s until his death in 1953, holding the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1952 and the nation's Premier from 1941 to 1953. Initially presiding over an oligarchic one-party system that governed by plurality, he became the ""de facto"" dictator of the Soviet Union by the 1930s. Ideologically committed to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, Stalin helped to formalise"
"Besarion Jughashvili Besarion Ivanes dze Jughashvili commonly known as Beso ( – 25 August 1909) was the father of Joseph Stalin. Born into a peasant family of serfs in Didi Lilo in Georgia, he moved to Tbilisi at a young age to be a shoemaker, working in a factory. He was invited to set up his own shop in Gori, where met and married Ekaterine Geladze, and had three sons; only the youngest, Ioseb, lived. Once known as an ""clever and ""proud"" man, Jughashvili's shop failed and he developed a serious drinking problem, so in 1884 he left his family"
"commander of an army in Ukraine, Stalin's actions in the war were later criticized, including by Leon Trotsky. Stalin was born on December 18, 1878 in Gori, Georgia to a family of limited financial means. He was the fourth child born to the family of Ekaterina Gheladze and Vissarion Djugashvili; the prior three children of the couple had died at an early age. Stalin later became politically active and, during the Russian Revolution of 1905, organized and armed Bolshevik militias across Georgia, running protection rackets and waging guerrilla warfare. After meeting Lenin at a Bolshevik conference in 1906 and marrying"
"Soviet Union. A 2012 survey commissioned by the Carnegie Endowment found 38% of Armenians concurring that their county ""will always have need of a leader like Stalin"". In early 2010 a new monument to Stalin was erected in Zaporizhia, Ukraine; in December unknown persons cut off its head and in 2011 it was destroyed in an explosion. In a 2016 Kiev International Institute of Sociology poll, 38% of respondents had a negative attitude to Stalin, 26% a neutral one and 17% a positive (19% refused to answer). Joseph Stalin Joseph Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; 18 December 1878 –"
"would become a major center for textile goods. Later, in 1936, the TSFSR was dissolved and Georgia emerged as a union republic: the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic. Joseph Stalin, an ethnic Georgian born Ioseb Besarionis Dze Jugashvili (იოსებ ბესარიონის ძე ჯუღაშვილი) in Gori, was prominent among the Bolsheviks. Stalin was to rise to the highest position, leading the Soviet Union from 3 April 1922 until his death on 5 March 1953. In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union on an immediate course towards Caucasian oil fields and munitions factories. They never reached Georgia, however, and almost 700,000 Georgians fought"
"her on only one occasion. Keke Geladze Ekaterine Giorgis asuli Jughashvili (née Geladze) (5 February 1858 – 4 June 1937) was the mother of Joseph Stalin. Those close to her called her Keke. Her husband was Besarion Jughashvili. Keke was born to a family of Georgian Orthodox Christian serfs in Gambareuli near Gori in 1858. Her father, Giorgi (aka Glakha) Geladze, was a potter belonging to Prince Amilakhvari. He died young and the family was always poor, but somehow her mother Melania ensured that Keke learned to read and write. She had two brothers: Gio and Sandala. At 17, Kek"
"by his Anglicized party name Joseph Stalin, was an ethnic Georgian intellectual and Marxist revolutionary affiliated with the Bolshevik wing of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). Jugashvili regarded Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924) as a role model and intellectual beacon, and the young activist was sometimes jokingly called ""Lenin's left foot"" by his Georgian comrades. Jugashvili did not just admire the exiled Lenin from afar through correspondence but had even met him personally, with the pair jointly attending the 1907 Congress of the RSDLP held in London as part of a 92-member Bolshevik delegation. From the time he"
"story, and is the dedicatee of the resulting novel. The novel explores what might have happened had Joseph Stalin been raised in the United States, postulating his parents having emigrated a few months before his birth, instead of remaining in the Russian Empire. It depicts Stalin (in this history, taking the name Joe Steele) growing up to be an American politician, rising to the presidency and retaining it by ruthless methods through the Great Depression, World War II, and the early Cold War. The president is depicted as having the soul of a tyrant, with Stalin's real-world career mirrored by"
"Keke Geladze Ekaterine Giorgis asuli Jughashvili (née Geladze) (5 February 1858 – 4 June 1937) was the mother of Joseph Stalin. Those close to her called her Keke. Her husband was Besarion Jughashvili. Keke was born to a family of Georgian Orthodox Christian serfs in Gambareuli near Gori in 1858. Her father, Giorgi (aka Glakha) Geladze, was a potter belonging to Prince Amilakhvari. He died young and the family was always poor, but somehow her mother Melania ensured that Keke learned to read and write. She had two brothers: Gio and Sandala. At 17, Kek met and married Besarion Jughashvili."
"Stalin"", Vasili Stalin is portrayed by actor Vladimir Steklov. In the 2017 satirical film ""The Death of Stalin"" he is played by Rupert Friend. Vasily Stalin Vasily Iosifovich Stalin (; né Dzhugashvili; ; 21 March 1921 – 19 March 1962) was the son of Joseph Stalin by his second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva. The death of Vasily's mother from a self-inflicted gunshot in 1932 (eight years after his father ascended to General Secretary) represented a major change in the eleven year-old Vasily's life. Starting from this moment, Joseph Stalin ceased to visit his children; only the nursemaid and head of Stalin's"
"member to defy Soviet hegemony in 1948 and the only one in Joseph Stalin's time to manage to leave Cominform and begin with its own socialist program with elements of market socialism. Economists active in the former Yugoslavia, including Czech-born Jaroslav Vanek and Croat-born Branko Horvat, promoted a model of market socialism dubbed the Illyrian model, where firms were socially owned by their employees and structured on workers' self-management and competed with each other in open and free markets. Josip Broz was born on 7 May 1892 in Kumrovec, a village in the northern Croatian region of Hrvatsko Zagorje which"
"Vasily Stalin Vasily Iosifovich Stalin (; né Dzhugashvili; ; 21 March 1921 – 19 March 1962) was the son of Joseph Stalin by his second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva. The death of Vasily's mother from a self-inflicted gunshot in 1932 (eight years after his father ascended to General Secretary) represented a major change in the eleven year-old Vasily's life. Starting from this moment, Joseph Stalin ceased to visit his children; only the nursemaid and head of Stalin's security guards looked after Vasily and his sister, Svetlana. One officer, Sergei Efimov, was charged with continuously looking after the two children. Vasily started"
"Chief after Karunanidhi’s death. M. K. Stalin was born in Madras, now Chennai, on 1 March 1953. He was named after Joseph Stalin, who died four days later. He studied in the Madras Christian College Higher Secondary School His political career began when, as a 14 year old, he campaigned in the 1967 elections. In 1973, Stalin was elected to the General committee of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). He came to limelight when he was jailed under Maintenance of Internal Security Act (MISA) for protesting against the Emergency. Stalin has been elected four times to the Tamil Nadu Assembly"
"Yakov Dzhugashvili Yakov Iosifovich Jugashvili (, ""Iakob Iosebis dze Jugashvili"", ; 18 March 1907 – 14 April 1943) was the eldest of Joseph Stalin's four children, the son of Stalin's first wife, Kato Svanidze. His younger half-siblings were Svetlana Alliluyeva and Vasily Dzhugashvili. He served in the Red Army during the Second World War, and was captured, or surrendered, in the initial stages of the German invasion of the Soviet Union. While there has been dispute over the circumstances of his death, historians believe that he died in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Dzhugashvili was born in the village of Baji,"
"Jughashvili. Didi Lilo Didi Lilo (""Georgian:"" დიდი ლილო) is a daba (small town) in the country of Georgia, located on the Iori Plateau 45 km north-west from the main town of Gardabani in the Gardabani Municipality. It has a population of around 2,400. In 1974, it was granted the status of city. It is a rural village, but still has basic facilities: schools, businesses and small agricultural industries, and it also has a cultural center and a medical center. The town is best known for being the birthplace of some members of the Jughashvili (Joseph Stalin's) family, including Stalin's father"
"Following Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet government began a period of rehabilitation, which was extended posthumously to many of the tens of thousands of Stalin's victims. Araratov was rehabilitated and his awards were officially restored to him (via his survivors). His achievements were again acknowledged in history books. Christophor Araratov was born in a noble family on 18 June 1876 in Tiflis (now the capital of Georgia). His father, Karapet Avetikovich Araratov, was a lieutenant colonel of the Russian Imperial Army. At the age of 10, the young Araratov entered the Tbilisi cadet corps. He studied there for seven"
"foreigners Gori is principally known as the birthplace of Joseph Stalin, in Georgian historical memory the city has long been associated with its citadel, the Gori Fortress, which is built on a cliffy hill overlooking the central part of the modern city. On another hill stands the 18th century St. George's church of Gorijvari, a popular place of pilgrimage. The famous ancient rock-hewn town of Uplistsikhe and the 7th century Ateni Sioni Church are located not far from Gori. Stalin's association with the city is emphasized by the Joseph Stalin Museum in downtown Gori and, until recently, the Stalin monument"
"who was really Joseph Stalin. In reality Basilashvili's maternal grandfather was a Russian orthodox priest and an architect, who participated in the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour in Moscow. During the Second World War young Oleg Basilashvili was evacuated from Moscow to the Transcaucasian republic of Georgia. There young Basilashvili went to a primary school and lived with his paternal grandfather until the end of World War II. In 1956 Oleg Basilashvili graduated from the Acting School of the Moscow Art Theatre (MkHAT), where he had studied under Pavel Massalsky. His group was one of the most"
"Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin On 5 March 1953, at 21:50 EET, Joseph Stalin, the second leader of the Soviet Union, died at the Kuntsevo Dacha aged 74 after suffering a stroke. After four days of national mourning, Stalin was given a state funeral and then buried in Lenin's Mausoleum on 9 March. Nikita Khrushchev, Georgy Malenkov, Vyacheslav Molotov and Lavrentiy Beria were in charge of organizing the funeral. On 6 March, the coffin with Stalin's body was displayed at the Hall of Columns in the House of the Unions and it stayed there for three days. On"
"Stalin (1992 film) Stalin is a 1992 television film, produced for HBO, starring Robert Duvall portraying Soviet leader Joseph Stalin. The film won three Golden Globe Awards among various awards including cinematography awards for Vilmos Zsigmond as well as best actor for Robert Duvall. Filming was done in Budapest, Hungary and Moscow, Russia, with extraordinary access to Kremlin buildings in the weeks surrounding the Dissolution of the Soviet Union. The film portrays the political career and personal life of the former leader of the Soviet Union, Georgian-born Josef Djughashvili, who later adopted the name Joseph Stalin, demonstrating his rule and"
"salvage some of this equipment in order to continue his activities. In the early hours of 25 October, Stalin joined Lenin in a Central Committee meeting in the Smolny Institute, from where the Bolshevik coup—the October Revolution—was being directed. Armed Bolshevik militia had seized Petrograd's electric power station, main post office, state bank, telephone exchange, and several bridges. A Bolshevik-controlled ship, the ""Aurora"", sailed up to the Winter Palace, and opened fire, with the assembled delegates of the Provisional Government surrendering and being arrested by the Bolsheviks. Stalin's birth name in Georgian was Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili (). An ethnic"
"of Joseph Stalin. Abdulhamid Sulaymon oʻgʻli Yunusov was born in 1893 in Andijan. His father, Sulaymonqul Mulla Muhammad Yunus oʻgʻli, was a learned man. Choʻlpon first studied at a madrasa. Later he enrolled in a Russian ""tuzem"" school (), an elementary school for non-Russians in Turkestan. From 1919 until 1920, Choʻlpon worked as editor-in-chief of the newspaper ""TurkROSTA"". He also worked on the editorial board of many other publications, such as ""Ishtirokiyun"", ""Qizil bayroq"" (""The Red Flag""), ""Turkiston"" (""Turkestan""), ""Buxoro axbori"" (""Bukhara News""), and ""Darhon"". Like many Uzbek authors of his time, such as Abdulla Qodiriy and Abdulrauf Fitrat, Choʻlpon"
"the government of Tsar Nicholas II and its replacement with the new Soviet government. In his earliest school years in Georgia, Stalin (born Ioseb Jughashvili) had felt a connection to emerging Georgian nationalism, in part as a reaction against a policy of imperial Russification present in the seminary he attended while studying for the orthodox priesthood. By 1904, however, influenced by Marxist writings, Stalin had moved toward repudiation of independent Georgian nationalism, as he outlined in his essay ""The Social-Democratic View on the National Question."" Stalin developed his views further in his 1913 pamphlet ""Marxism and the National Question."" The"
"End of the Second World War"" (1978), and coauthored, with Mikhail Heller, ""Utopia in Power: The History of the Soviet Union from 1917 to the Present"" (1982). Alexander Nekrich Aleksandr Moiseyevich Nekrich, 3 March 1920, Baku – 2 September 1993, Boston) was a Soviet Russian historian. He emigrated to the United States in 1976. He is known for his works on the history of the Soviet Union, especially under Joseph Stalin’s rule. Born in Baku, Azerbaijan, Nekrich fought in the Red Army ranks during World War II and subsequently graduated from the Moscow University with a degree in history. In"
"was born in 1878 and spent his first four years. The small hut has two rooms on the ground floor. Stalin's father Vissarion Jughashvili, a local shoemaker, rented the one room on the left hand side of the building and maintained a workshop in the basement. The landlord lived in the other room. The hut originally formed part of a line of similar dwellings, but the others have been demolished. The main corpus of the complex is a large palazzo in Stalinist Gothic style, begun in 1951 ostensibly as a museum of the history of socialism, but clearly intended to"
"perceived antisemitism in his book ""The Lesser Terror: Soviet State Security, 1939–1953"", historian Michael Parrish posits that On the other hand, in ""Esau's Tears: Modern Anti-Semitism and the Rise of the Jews"", historian Albert S. Lindemann observes that Stalin and antisemitism The question of how antisemitic Joseph Stalin was is widely discussed by historians. At the same time, instances of antisemitism on Stalin's part have been witnessed by contemporaries and documented by historical sources. Born in Gori, Georgia (then in the Russian Empire) and educated at an Orthodox seminary in Tiflis (Tbilisi) before becoming a professional revolutionary and a Marxist"
"had lost two sons in infancy prior to Stalin's birth. They were ethnically Georgian and Stalin grew up speaking the Georgian language. Gori was then part of the Russian Empire, and was home to a population of 20,000, the majority of whom were Georgian but with Armenian, Russian, and Jewish minorities. Stalin was baptised on 29 December. He was nicknamed ""Soso"", a diminutive of ""Ioseb"". Besarion was a shoemaker and owned his own workshop; it was initially a financial success, but later fell into decline. The family found themselves living in poverty, moving through nine different rented rooms in ten"
"and the highest echelons of the Bolshevik hierarchy. His pseudonym, Stalin, means ""man of the steel hand"". The October Revolution took place in the Russian capital of Petrograd on 7 November 1917 (O.S. 25 October 1917), which saw the transfer of all political power to the Soviets. In the Russian Civil War that followed, Stalin forged connections with various Red Army generals and eventually acquired military powers of his own. He brutally suppressed counter-revolutionaries and bandits. After winning the civil war, the Bolsheviks moved to expand the revolution into Europe, starting with Poland, which was fighting the Red Army in"
"1989, with 80% of the population living in the western, European part of the country. The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin overthrew the Russian Provisional Government which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II during World War I. In 1922, the Soviet Union was formed by the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR which legalized the unification of the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian and Byelorussian republics that had occurred from 1918. Following Lenin's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s."
"of Joseph Stalin's purges that was not posthumously rehabilitated or reinstated to the party after his death. Born in 1891 in Saint Petersburg as the son of an architect, he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1908, and sided with the Bolshevik faction led by Vladimir Lenin. In 1910, he emigrated to Switzerland and worked as party secretary in the Zürich Region. Following the February Revolution, Georgy Safarov was one of 31 individuals who accompanied Vladimir Lenin in a sealed train under German supervision to Petrograd, along with other notable communist figures including Grigory Zinoviev, Karl Radek, Inessa"
"Adrian McLoughlin Adrian McLoughlin (born 1947, East London) is a British stage, television and film actor who began his career in 1983. He is best known for his 2017 role as Joseph Stalin in the Armando Iannucci film ""The Death of Stalin"". He has worked many times with Alan Ayckbourn at the Stephen Joseph Theatre in Scarborough, beginning with the part of Reg in a revival of ""The Norman Conquests"". He has also worked with him at the Royal National Theatre in ""House & Garden"" and on tour throughout the UK in several of his plays. In addition, he has"
"in a Mexican prison for the murder. Stalin presented Mercader with an Order of Lenin in absentia. Trotsky's ideas formed the basis of Trotskyism, a major school of Marxist thought that opposes the theories of Stalinism. He was written out of the history books under Stalin, and was one of the few Soviet political figures who was not rehabilitated by the government under Nikita Khrushchev in the 1950s. Leon Trotsky was born Lev Davidovich Bronstein on 7 November 1879, the fifth child of a Ukrainian-Jewish family of wealthy farmers in Yanovka or Yanivka, in the Kherson governorate of the Russian"