"agree with that selection, the breed will change over time. Each element of the standard is considered both independently and part of the whole of ""breed type"". In writing about the Borzoi, Jon Titus Steel says, ""The neck is a key element of breed type"", affecting a dog's outline, balance, movement, and function. In conformation judging, judges compare the dog to the ideal ""breed type"" represented in the standard. Since breed standards leave room for interpretation, conformation show judging is highly subjective, and individual judges will place more or less emphasis on the various elements of ""breed type"". In addition,"
"Finnish Spitz, as both breeds were bred from similar native dog populations. The Russian word ""laika"" () is a noun derived from the verb ""layat""' (, to bark), and literally means ""barker"". As the name of a dog variety, it is used in Russian cynological literature (not only in Russian, but sometimes in English as well) to refer to all varieties of hunting dogs traditionally kept by the peoples of the northern Russia and adjacent areas. This includes not only the three or four breeds known as Laikas in English, but also other standard breeds that FCI classifies together with"
"Russkiy Toy The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Toychik,) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier. There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat. The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long Haired Toy Terrier. Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in 1988 and the ""Terrier"" was dropped from the name when the breed was added in 2006 to the"
"clubs RTCA and TRTDCA must combine into one club to represent the Russian Toy breed in the AKC. Russkiy Toy The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Toychik,) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier. There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat. The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long Haired Toy Terrier. Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in"
"Bolonka Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka (), also known as the Bolonka Zwetna in Germany, is a rare toy breed of the Bichon type, developed in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia from the ancestors of smaller dogs such as the Bichon, Toy Poodle, Shih Tzu, Pekingese and French Bolognese. They include the white version Franzuskaya Bolonka, which is a variation of the Italian Bolognese dog. ""Franzuskaya"" means French, ""Zwetna"" is the German term for ""Tsvetnaya"" and means multicolored, and ""Bolonka"" translates as ""Bolognese"" in a number of Slavic languages. The Bolonka has recently gained more fame by being the chosen breed of"
"Belarus, Ukraine and Czech Republic. Interest in the breed is on the rise in the USA and Japan. The Russian Toy was provisionally recognised by the Federation Cynologique Internationale in 2006 and is expected to gain definitive recognition in 2016. The United Kennel Club and The Foundation Stock Service of the American Kennel Club both accepted the breed in 2008 Russian Toys are also recognized by the American Rare Breed Association and International All Breed Canine Association. The original long-coated Russian Toy is arguably a dog named Chikki born on 12 October 1958 to two smooth-coated dogs that both had"
"Laika (dog breed) Laika () refers to a type of hunting dog of Northern Russia and Russian Siberia, and is a generic name for several breeds. Fédération Cynologique Internationale uses the word ""Laika"" in the names of three standard breeds: Russian European Laika (FCI standard No. 304), West Siberian Laika (FCI 306), and East Siberian Laika (FCI 305), which had been bred from the aboriginal dogs of northern Russia and Siberia. The Karelo-Finnish Laika, not listed in the FCI nomenclature, is also a Russian breed, with the first standard published in Leningrad in 1936. It is a close relative of"
"in art throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. The exhibition included paintings, bronzes, and porcelain which had previously not been available to the public. The exhibition ran from 27 September to 3 December. The borzoi is frequently found in art deco-period works. Borzoi The borzoi (, literally ""fast""), also called the Russian wolfhound (), is a breed of domestic dog (""Canis lupus familiaris""). Descended from dogs brought to Russia from central Asian countries, it is similar in shape to a greyhound, and is also a member of the sighthound family. The system by which Russians over the ages named their"
"Black Russian Terrier The Black Russian Terrier (abbreviated as BRT, ), also known as the Tchornyi Terrier (""tchornyi"" being Russian for black) is a breed of dog created in USSR in Red Star (Krasnaya Zvezda) Kennel during the late 1940s and the early 1950s for use as military/working dogs. At the present time, the Black Russian Terrier is a breed recognized by the FCI (FCI's from September 1983), AKC (AKC's from July 2004), CKC, KC, ANKC, NZKC and other cynological organizations. The contemporary Black Russian Terrier is a working dog, guarding dog, sporting and companion dog. Despite its name, the"
"to the Toy Group. Bolonkas are considered the rarest of the Bichon family. Bolonka Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka (), also known as the Bolonka Zwetna in Germany, is a rare toy breed of the Bichon type, developed in Moscow and Saint Petersburg, Russia from the ancestors of smaller dogs such as the Bichon, Toy Poodle, Shih Tzu, Pekingese and French Bolognese. They include the white version Franzuskaya Bolonka, which is a variation of the Italian Bolognese dog. ""Franzuskaya"" means French, ""Zwetna"" is the German term for ""Tsvetnaya"" and means multicolored, and ""Bolonka"" translates as ""Bolognese"" in a number of Slavic languages."
"Sulimov dog The Sulimov dog (Russian: Собакa Сулимова ""Sobaka Sulimova""), also known as the Shalaika (Russian: ""Шалайка""), is a Russian jackal-dog hybrid originating from an initial hybrid between two Lapponian Herders and two Turkmen golden jackals. The breed was developed by Klim Sulimov for Aeroflot airline security. He is described as a Senior Research Assistant at the D.S. Likhachev Scientific Research Institute for Cultural Heritage and Environmental Protection. The primary use of this breed has been to aid airport security as sniffer dogs. Quoting Sulimov, ""My dogs combine the qualities of Arctic reindeer herding dogs, which can work in temperatures"
"12 components of explosives. Unlike more common sniffing dogs, they take the initiative in searching. Sulimov dog The Sulimov dog (Russian: Собакa Сулимова ""Sobaka Sulimova""), also known as the Shalaika (Russian: ""Шалайка""), is a Russian jackal-dog hybrid originating from an initial hybrid between two Lapponian Herders and two Turkmen golden jackals. The breed was developed by Klim Sulimov for Aeroflot airline security. He is described as a Senior Research Assistant at the D.S. Likhachev Scientific Research Institute for Cultural Heritage and Environmental Protection. The primary use of this breed has been to aid airport security as sniffer dogs. Quoting Sulimov,"
"Orlov Trotter The Orlov Trotter (also known as ""Orlov;"" Russian: орловский рысак) is a horse breed with a hereditary fast trot, noted for its outstanding speed and stamina. It is the most famous Russian horse. The breed was developed in Russia in the late 18th century by Count Alexei Orlov at his Khrenovskoy stud farm near the town of Bobrov (Voronezh Guberniya). The Orlovs emerged as the result of crossing various European mares (primarily of English, Dutch, Mecklenburg, and Danish breeding) with Arabian stallions. During the 19th century, Orlov trotters were used mainly for riding and harness racing by Russian"
"Union, Russian breeders created the so-called ""Central Asian Ovcharka"" by mixing several ancestral breeds of Asian molossers like the Alabai of Turkmenistan, the Tobet of Kazakhstan and the Torkuz of Uzbekistan. The Tobet is one of the original central Asian molosser breeds. Tobet The Tobet (), also known as the Kazakhstan mountain dog, is a molosser-type livestock guardian breed of dog with ancient origins in Kazakhstan. Its main function is to protect livestock from predators. In Russia it has earned the nickname of ""Volkodav"" which means “wolf crusher”. It can be employed to drive flocks of sheep or goats as"
"have held seminars, shows and judges workshops prior to being fully recognised. Russian Spaniel The Russian Spaniel is a type of spaniel first standardised in 1951 in the Soviet Union after World War II by cross breeding English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels and other spaniel breeds. Physically it is similar to a Cocker Spaniel, but has a shorter, tighter coat and a longer body. Developed and used as hunting dogs, this breed does not suffer from any major health complaints other than those normally associated with spaniels. Popular in its native Russia, the breed was only introduced overseas in"
"Moscow Water Dog The Moscow Water Dog, also known as the Moscow Diver, Moscow Retriever or Moskovsky Vodolaz, is a little-known dog breed derived from the Newfoundland, Caucasian Shepherd Dog and East European Shepherd. It is now extinct, but was used in the development of the Black Russian Terrier. The Moscow Water Dog was produced only by the Red Star Kennels, the state-operated organization chartered to provide working dogs for the armed services of the Soviet Union. After World War II, there were very few working dogs in Soviet Union as many had been killed during the war. Some were"
"Caucasian Shepherd Dog The Caucasian Shepherd (, , , , ; , translit. ""khavkhasiuri"", , , ) is a large breed of dog that is popular in Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Because the dog breed was registered by the USR, the FCI standard of this breed indicates that its origin is the USSR. However, the breed is native to countries of the Caucasus region including Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. Also known as Caucasian Ovcharka or Baskhan (Karachay) pariy, Caucasian shepherd dogs are strongly boned, muscular, and even-tempered molossers. Plain dogs have a shorter coat and appear taller as they"
"Caucasian Shepherd Dog The Caucasian Shepherd (, , , , ; , translit. ""khavkhasiuri"", , , ) is a large breed of dog that is popular in Russia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Because the dog breed was registered by the USR, the FCI standard of this breed indicates that its origin is the USSR. However, the breed is native to countries of the Caucasus region including Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan. Also known as Caucasian Ovcharka or Baskhan (Karachay) pariy, Caucasian shepherd dogs are strongly boned, muscular, and even-tempered molossers. Plain dogs have a shorter coat and appear taller as they"
"were not willing to save drowning people, but mostly were looking to bite them so this breed was never developed"". Moscow Water Dog The Moscow Water Dog, also known as the Moscow Diver, Moscow Retriever or Moskovsky Vodolaz, is a little-known dog breed derived from the Newfoundland, Caucasian Shepherd Dog and East European Shepherd. It is now extinct, but was used in the development of the Black Russian Terrier. The Moscow Water Dog was produced only by the Red Star Kennels, the state-operated organization chartered to provide working dogs for the armed services of the Soviet Union. After World War"
"looked to the ancestors of smaller dogs such as the Bichon, Toy Poodle, Shih Tzu, Pekingese and French Bolognese, with a view to creating a toy sized lap dog that would have the right temperament for apartment living. Since 1966, they have been called Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka. Interest in the specific breed of Bolonka revived after the fall of the Iron Curtain. Similarly, through the connection between the Russian and French aristocracy in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a dog similar to the Bichon Frisé or Bolognese of today was brought to Tsarist Russia. These little white dogs were favorites"
"Russian Spaniel The Russian Spaniel is a type of spaniel first standardised in 1951 in the Soviet Union after World War II by cross breeding English Cocker Spaniels, English Springer Spaniels and other spaniel breeds. Physically it is similar to a Cocker Spaniel, but has a shorter, tighter coat and a longer body. Developed and used as hunting dogs, this breed does not suffer from any major health complaints other than those normally associated with spaniels. Popular in its native Russia, the breed was only introduced overseas in the 1990s, and is not yet recognised by any major kennel clubs."
"them as the ""Nordic Hunting Dogs"" (Group 5, Section 2 of the FCI classification). Thus the Norwegian Elkhound (FCI 242 and 268) is known in Russian literature as ""Norwegian Elk Laika"" (норвежская лосиная лайка), and Finnish Spitz (FCI 49) as ""Finnish Bird Laika"" (финская птичья лайка). In Russia the word ""Laika"" is sometimes used less strictly, to refer not only to hunting dogs but also to the related sled dog breeds of the tundra belt, which FCI classifies as ""Nordic Sledge Dogs"". The Siberian Husky may be occasionally referred to as ""Yakut Laika"" (якутская лайка), and Samoyed as ""Samoyed Laika"""
"Sakhalin Husky The Sakhalin Husky, also known as the , is a breed of dog formerly used as a sled dog but now nearly extinct. As of 2011, there were only two surviving purebred members of the breed in Japan. The sole remaining breeder, Sergey Lyubykh, located in the Nivkh village of Nekrasovka, died in 2012, but before his death stated that there were no longer enough living specimens of the breed to allow for the genetic diversity necessary for continued breeding. Karafuto-ken breaks down as Karafuto, the Japanese name for Sakhalin and Ken, a Japanese word for dog; hence,"
"Zwetna since the 1980s, or Deutscher Bolonka. Tsvetnaya and Zwetna have the same bloodlines, however the Nordic Kennel Union officially recognizes the ""Russkaya Twvetnaya"" and not the ""Zwetna"". In the Czech Republic the breed is called Barevny Bolonsky Psik (Bolognais color). Sometimes they are mistakenly called Bolognese. The common name of the breed in all countries is Bolonka. The Franzuskaya (French) Bolonka is the white version, and is a variation of the Italian Bolognese dog. The Russian Tsvetnaya Bolonka had its beginnings as far back as the early 18th century. Louis XIV of France presented the Bolonka as gifts to"
"the International Kennel Federation (FCI) to gain official recognition. Currently, the Moscow Watchdog is considered by the FCI as part of the 2nd group Molosser. In FCI sanctioned dog shows, they are shown in what is referred to as a ""Special Show."" Inside Russia, they are widely shown and a recognized breed. Moscow Watchdog Moscow Watchdog () is a breed of dog that was bred in the Soviet Union. It descends from crosses between the St. Bernard, Caucasian Shepherd, and Russian Spotted Hound breeds. It contains the physical size, attractiveness and intelligence of a St. Bernard and the awareness and"
", which means ""wavy, silky coat"", just as (as in hortaya borzaya) means shorthaired. In Russian today the breed we know as the borzoi is officially known as . Other Russian sighthound breeds are (from the steppe), called ; and (from the Crimea), called . The most commonly used plural form is the regular formation ""borzois"", which is the only plural cited in most dictionaries. However, the Borzoi Club of America and the Borzoi Club UK both prefer ""borzoi"" as the form for both singular and plural forms. Borzois are large Russian sighthounds that resemble some central Asian breeds such"
"(Самоедская лайка). ""Laika"" is also the given name for the mongrel who was the first dog in space. As the Spitz are a very ancient dog type, many smaller types of Spitz resemble each other. Medium to small sized breeds similar in appearance from various places in the world include the Wolfsspitz (Keeshond), Großspitz, Mittelspitz, Kleinspitz, Zwergspitz (Pomeranian), Samoyed (dog), Schipperke, Norwegian Elkhound, Volpino Italiano (Italian Spitz), Laika (Russian Spitz), Finnish Spitz, Indian Spitz and Japanese Spitz. Types of German Spitz Related breeds Note: The following dog breeds are very similar to each other but are not the same. Laika"
"and praised for their power and stamina, Central Asians sometimes are called ""Volkodav"", ""The Wolf Crusher"" in Russian. It is very important to select only stable dogs for breeding purposes, and avoid starting protection training of dogs of this breed at early age. This breed presents a robust dog of greater than average size with great strength and power. They are independent, curious and alert, yet imperturbable. The dog is as long as it is tall at the withers, or slightly longer than its height. The hair is short or moderately long with a heavy undercoat. Its ears are, in"
"is the Golden Retriever; however, the Flat-coated Retriever and a few of the Setters are also believed to carry Tracker blood. Russian tracker The Russian Tracker or Russian Retriever is an extinct breed of domestic dog. It is uncertain when precisely the breed ceased to exist; it could still be found in the late 1800s. The Tracker was of Asiatic Russian origin. It was used for hundreds of years to protect and herd the flocks of the Indo-Aryan people in the wind-beaten, snow-swept Caucasus Mountains. The Tracker was a large dog, sometimes standing as high as at the shoulder and"
"East-European Shepherd The East European Shepherd (VEO) (in Russian: Восточно-европейская овчарка (ВЕО)) —is a breed of dog that was developed in the 1930-1950s based on German Shepherd Dogs to create a larger cold-resistant breed for military use, police work and border guard duties in the Soviet Union. VEOs are also used as guide dogs for the blind and there are VEO therapy dogs. This breed is popular in Russia where it entered a public culture and acquired a legendary status as an extremely smart and loyal dog devoted to their owners. The breed is well known in other ex-Soviet Union"
"Husky Husky is a general name for a sled-type of dog used in northern regions, differentiated from other sled-dog types by their fast pulling style. They are an ever-changing cross-breed of the fastest dogs. The Alaskan Malamute, by contrast, was used for pulling heavier loads. Huskies are used in sled dog racing. In recent years, companies have been marketing tourist treks with dog sledges for adventure travelers in snow regions as well. Huskies are also today kept as pets, and groups work to find new pet homes for retired racing and adventure trekking dogs. The word ""husky"" originated from the"
"Torkuz The Torkuz, also known as the Uzbekistan mountain dog or Sarkangik, is a molosser-type livestock guardian breed of dog with ancient origins in Uzbekistan. This dog may reach 90 kg (200 lb) in weight and over 80 cm (31 in) in height at the withers. Its main function is to protect livestock from predators. In Russia, it has earned the nickname of ""Volkodav"" which means “wolf crusher”. During the era of the Soviet Union, Russian breeders created the ""Central Asian Ovcharka"" by mixing several ancestral breeds of Asian molossers like the Alabai of Turkmenistan, the Tobet of Kazakhstan and"
"Shepherd Dog; and the Moscow Water Dog. The most successful breed to come out of the programme was the Black Russian Terrier, which gained international recognition in 1984; it derived from a combination of 14 different breeds including the Moscow Water Dog in the later stages of its development. Moscow Water Dogs were bred in Krasnaya Zvezda, Belarus, by interbreeding Newfoundland males with East European Shepherd and Caucasian Shepherd Dog females, and by mating the offspring with each other. They were developed as a water rescue/lifesaving dog, but according to O. Krasnovskaya, ""That was not a good idea as [they]"