"Silver fox (animal) The silver fox is a melanistic form of the red fox (""Vulpes vulpes""). Silver foxes display a great deal of pelt variation: some are completely black except for a white coloration on the tip of the tail, some are bluish-grey, and some may have a cinereous color on the sides. Historically, silver foxes were among the most valued furbearers, and their skins were frequently worn by nobles in Russia, Western Europe, and China. Wild silver foxes do not naturally reproduce exclusively with members of the same coat morph and can be littermates with the common red variety,"
"tribe Vulpini, which consists of 12 extant species. It is classified under the subfamily Caninae of the canid family Canidae. Although it has previously been assigned to its own monotypic genus ""Alopex"", recent genetic evidence now places it in the genus ""Vulpes"" along with the majority of other foxes. It was originally described by Carl Linnaeus in the 10th edition of ""Systema Naturae"" in 1758 as ""Canis lagopus"". The type specimen was recovered from Lapland, Sweden. The generic name ""vulpes"" is Latin for ""fox"". The specific name ""lagopus"" is derived from Ancient Greek λαγώς (""lagōs"", ""hare"") and πούς (""pous"", ""foot""),"
"Canis Canis is a genus of the Canidae containing multiple extant species, such as wolves, coyotes, jackals, dingoes, and dogs. Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-developed skulls and dentition, long legs, and comparatively short ears and tails. The generic name ""Canis"" means ""dog"" in Latin. The term ""canine"" comes from the adjective form, ""caninus"" (""of the dog""), from which the term canine tooth is also derived. The canine family has prominent canine teeth, used for killing their prey. The word ""canis"" is cognate to the Greek word ""kūon"" (Greek: Κύων), which"
"deposits that date 700,000 years ago. This canine shows a morphology more closely associated with canids from Eurasia rather than Africa. Canis Canis is a genus of the Canidae containing multiple extant species, such as wolves, coyotes, jackals, dingoes, and dogs. Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-developed skulls and dentition, long legs, and comparatively short ears and tails. The generic name ""Canis"" means ""dog"" in Latin. The term ""canine"" comes from the adjective form, ""caninus"" (""of the dog""), from which the term canine tooth is also derived. The canine family has"
"Canis lepophagus Canis lepophagus (Latin: ""canis"": 'dog', leporem: 'hare' or 'rabbit', suffix -phagus: '-eating'; hence hare-eating dog) is an extinct species of canid which was endemic to much of North America. It is notable because its lineage is proposed to have led to both wolves and coyotes. Early Pliocene in North America. There is general agreement on the most ancient record, which shows that Feliforms and Caniforms emerged within the super-family Carnivoramorpha 43 million YBP. The caniforms included the fox-like genus ""Leptocyon"" whose various species existed from 34 million YBP before branching 11.9 million YBP into vulpes (foxes) and canini"
"Dog The domestic dog (""Canis lupus familiaris"" when considered a subspecies of the wolf or ""Canis familiaris"" when considered a distinct species) is a member of the genus ""Canis"" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore. The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct. The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory"
"In 2016, the Committee on the Status of Species at Risk in Ontario recognized the Algonquin wolf as a ""Canis sp."" (""Canis"" species) differentiated from the hybrid Great Lakes wolves and was the result of ""hybridization and backcrossing among Eastern Wolf (""Canis lycaon"") (aka ""C. lupus lycaon""), Gray Wolf (""C. lupus""), and Coyote (""C. latrans"")"". The first published name of a taxon belonging to the genus ""Canis"" from North America is ""Canis lycaon"". It was published in 1775 by the German naturalist Johann Schreber who had based it on the earlier description and illustration of one specimen that was thought"
"is , with a long tail. Typical weight is . The genus ""Vulpes"" can be separated from ""Canis"" and ""Cuon"" in the Indian region by the flat forehead between the postorbital processes and not inflated by air cells. The processes themselves are slightly concave with a raised anterior edge (convexly round in other canids). The canine teeth are longer. The species is found throughout much of the Indian subcontinent with the exception of the wet forests and the extreme arid zone. The distribution is bounded by the Himalayan range and the Indus River valley. The preferred habitat is short open"
"that region, including possibly ""Canis"" cf. ""variabilis"", to the dog and modern wolf lineages. This was the first study to extract DNA material from ""C. variabilis"". Canis mosbachensis Canis mosbachensis, sometimes known as the Mosbach wolf, is an extinct small wolf that once inhabited Eurasia from the Middle Pleistocene era to the Late Pleistocene. It is widely accepted as the ancestor of ""Canis lupus"", the gray wolf. The holotype of the Mosbach wolf ""Canis mosbachensis"" Soergel, 1925 was found in Jockgrim, Germany. In 2010, a study found that the diversity of the ""Canis"" group decreased by the end of the"
"Wolf The wolf (""Canis lupus""), also known as the grey/gray wolf or timber wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America. It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females . It is distinguished from other ""Canis"" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle. Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur. ""Mammal Species of the World"" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard"
"Canis arnensis Canis arnensis (or Arno River dog) is an extinct species of canine that was endemic to Mediterranean Europe during the Early Pleistocene. The Arno River dog has been described as a small jackal-like dog. Its anatomy and morphology relate it more to the modern Eurasian golden jackal (""Canis aureus"") than to the larger Etruscan wolf of that time. It is probably the ancestor of modern jackals. The fossil record for ancient vertebrates is composed of rarely occurring fragments from which it is often impossible to obtain genetic material. Researchers are limited to morphologic analysis, but it is difficult"
"but the scientific scoring used in this study for ""Canis nehringi"" was identical to those observed in ""Canis dirus"", which supports the proposal that both could have been the same species. Canis nehringi Canis nehringi is an extinct species of canid. ""Canis gezi"", a poorly known small wolf from the Ensenadan of South America, appears to have given rise to ""Canis nehringi"", a Lujanian species from Argentina. Betra's analysis in 1988, places ""Canis dirus"" and ""Canis nehringi"" as sister taxa and as the most derived members of the genus ""Canis"" in the New World. The species was first described by"
"and were replaced by the mid-Pleistocene era Mosbach wolf (""C. mosbachensis"" Soergel, 1925) by 1.5 million years ago. Canis arnensis Canis arnensis (or Arno River dog) is an extinct species of canine that was endemic to Mediterranean Europe during the Early Pleistocene. The Arno River dog has been described as a small jackal-like dog. Its anatomy and morphology relate it more to the modern Eurasian golden jackal (""Canis aureus"") than to the larger Etruscan wolf of that time. It is probably the ancestor of modern jackals. The fossil record for ancient vertebrates is composed of rarely occurring fragments from which"
"Canis etruscus Canis etruscus (the Etruscan wolf) is an extinct species of canine that was endemic to Mediterranean Europe during the Early Pleistocene. The Etruscan wolf has been described as a small wolf-like dog. The Etruscan wolf is accepted as the ancestor of ""C. mosbachensis"" that is the ancestor of the gray wolf (""C. lupus""). The fossil record for ancient vertebrates is composed of rarely occurring fragments from which it is often impossible to obtain genetic material. Researchers are limited to morphologic analysis but it is difficult to estimate the intra-species and inter-species variations and relationships that existed between specimens"
"than to the ancient Etruscan wolf (""C. etruscus""). Although the Etruscan wolf was the first of the genus ""Canis"" to reach Europe around 2.2 million years ago, the Arno River dog was the first of the more modern canids to arrive in Europe around 1.9 million years ago. It is probably the ancestor of modern jackals. ""C. arnensis"" was a medium-sized canid, with a close affinity to modern canids. It had a slightly smaller cranial length than both ""C. etruscus"" and the extant ""C. lupus"". ""C. arnensis"" featured a lower and more pronounced forehead, with less-developed sagittal and nuchal crests"
"identified as ""Canis lupus familiaris"". In 2015, a zooarchaeologist stated that ""In terms of phenotypes, dogs and wolves are fundamentally different animals."" In 1986, a study of skull morphology found that the domestic dog is morphologically distinct from all other canids except the wolf-like canids. ""The difference in size and proportion between some breeds are as great as those between any wild genera, but all dogs are clearly members of the same species."" In 2010, a study of dog skull shape compared to extant carnivorans proposed that ""The greatest shape distances between dog breeds clearly surpass the maximum divergence between"
"Canis mosbachensis Canis mosbachensis, sometimes known as the Mosbach wolf, is an extinct small wolf that once inhabited Eurasia from the Middle Pleistocene era to the Late Pleistocene. It is widely accepted as the ancestor of ""Canis lupus"", the gray wolf. The holotype of the Mosbach wolf ""Canis mosbachensis"" Soergel, 1925 was found in Jockgrim, Germany. In 2010, a study found that the diversity of the ""Canis"" group decreased by the end of the Early Pleistocene to Middle Pleistocene and was limited in Eurasia to two types of wolves. These were the small wolves of the ""C. mosbachensis–C. variabilis"" group"
"a fear of humans from hunters and shepherds. The English 'wolf' stems from the Old English ""wulf"", which is itself thought to be derived from the Proto-Germanic ""*wulfaz"". The Latin ""lupus"" is a Sabine loanword. Both derive from the Proto-Indo-European root ""*wlqos"" or ""*lukos"". The species ""Canis lupus"" was first recorded by Carl Linnaeus in his publication ""Systema Naturae"" in 1758, with the Latin classification translating into the English words ""dog wolf"". The thirty-seven subspecies of ""Canis lupus"" are listed under the designated common name of ""wolf"" in Mammal Species of the World third edition that was published in 2005."
"the red wolf, and ruled that USFWS had no power to give landowners the right to shoot them. In late 2018, two canids that are largely coyote were found on Galveston Island, Texas with redwolf alleles (gene expressions) left from a ghost population of red wolves. These alleles are from a different population to the redwolves in the North Carolina captive breeding program. It is proposed to reintroduce these alleles into the current captive and experimental populations (selectively breed these gene expressions back). Red wolf The red wolf (""Canis lupus rufus"" or ""Canis rufus"") is a canid native to the"
"of the Tasso Faunal Unit and were replaced by the mid-Pleistocene era Mosbach wolf (""C. mosbachensis"" Soergel, 1925) by 1.5 million years ago. Canis etruscus Canis etruscus (the Etruscan wolf) is an extinct species of canine that was endemic to Mediterranean Europe during the Early Pleistocene. The Etruscan wolf has been described as a small wolf-like dog. The Etruscan wolf is accepted as the ancestor of ""C. mosbachensis"" that is the ancestor of the gray wolf (""C. lupus""). The fossil record for ancient vertebrates is composed of rarely occurring fragments from which it is often impossible to obtain genetic material."
"In 2012, a study of the wolf-like ""Canis"" species of ancient China conducted by the noted vertebrate paleontologist and geologist Xiaoming Wang found that ""C. variabilis"" was ""very strange"" compared to other ""Canis"" in China as it had much smaller cranio-dental dimensions than earlier and later species. The study concluded that ""It is very likely that this species is the ancestor of the domestic dog ""Canis familiaris"", a hypothesis that has been proposed by previous authors."" In 2015, a mitochondrial DNA analysis was conducted on 14 ancient canid remains from Arctic Siberia and suggested a genetic contribution from wolves of"
"are the dog ""(C. lupus familiaris)"", gray wolf (""C. lupus""), coyote (""C. latrans""), golden jackal (""C. aureus""), Ethiopian wolf (""C. simensis""), black-backed jackal (""C. mesomelas""), side-striped jackal (""C. adustus""), dhole (""Cuon alpinus""), and African wild dog (""Lycaon pictus""). Newly proposed members include the red wolf (""Canis rufus""), eastern wolf (""Canis lycaon""), and African golden wolf (""C. anthus""). As they possess 78 chromosomes, all members of the genus ""Canis"" (coyotes, wolves, jackals) are karyologically indistinguishable from each other, and from the dhole and the African hunting dog. The members of ""Canis"" can potentially interbreed and there is evidence that the Ethiopian"
"dog, and the fox-like canids by the fennec fox and Blanford's fox. The gray fox and island fox are basal to the other clades; however, this topological difference is not strongly supported. The cladogram below is based on the phylogeny of Lindblad-Toh et al. (2005), modified to incorporate recent findings on ""Canis"", ""Vulpes"", ""Lycalopex"", and ""Dusicyon"" species. The Canidae today includes a diverse group of some 34 species ranging in size from the maned wolf with its long limbs to the short-legged bush dog. Modern canids inhabit forests, tundra, savannahs and deserts throughout tropical and temperate parts of the world."
"Red wolf The red wolf (""Canis lupus rufus"" or ""Canis rufus"") is a canid native to the southeastern United States. Morphologically it is intermediate between the coyote and gray wolf, and is of a reddish, tawny color. The Red Wolf is a federally listed endangered species of the United States and is protected by law. It has been listed by IUCN as a critically endangered species since 1996. It is considered the rarest species of wolf and is one of the five most endangered species of canid in the world. Red wolves were originally distributed throughout the eastern United States"
"American wolves. A more detailed analysis of the genetic material from three specimens were dated at 28,000 years BP, 21,000 years BP, and 20,800 years BP, respectively (with the samples deposited in GenBank with accession numbers KF661088, KF661089 and KF661090) and identified as ""Canis lupus"". In 2009, a study was made on a skull fragment and right mandible of a wolf (""Canis lupus"") found near Lake Taimyr in the Taimyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia, Russian Federation (the Lake Taimyr wolf). It is one of the northernmost records of Pleistocene carnivora in Eurasia. The skull was aged by radio carbon dating to"
"reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of ""C. lupus"". The gray wolf is the second most specialised member of the genus ""Canis"", after the Ethiopian wolf, as demonstrated by its morphological adaptations to hunting large prey, its more gregarious nature, and its highly advanced expressive behavior. It is nonetheless closely related enough to smaller ""Canis"" species, such as the coyote, and golden jackal, to produce fertile hybrids. It is the only species of ""Canis"" to have a range encompassing both the Old and New Worlds, and originated in Eurasia during the Pleistocene, colonizing North America on at least three"
"Dire wolf The dire wolf (""Canis dirus"", ""fearsome dog"") is an extinct species of the genus ""Canis"". It is one of the most famous prehistoric carnivores in North America, along with its extinct competitor, the sabre-toothed cat ""Smilodon fatalis"". The dire wolf lived in the Americas during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene epochs (125,000–9,440 years ago). The species was named in 1858, four years after the first specimen had been found. Two subspecies are recognized, these being ""Canis dirus guildayi"" and ""Canis dirus dirus"". The dire wolf probably evolved from Armbruster's wolf (""Canis armbrusteri"") in North America. The largest"
"Canid hybrid Canid hybrids are the result of interbreeding between different species of the canine (dog) family (genus ""Canis""). They often occur in the wild, in particular between domestic or feral dogs and wild native canids. The wolf-like canids are a group of large carnivores that are genetically closely related because their chromosomes number 78. The group includes genus ""Canis"", ""Cuon"" and ""Lycaon"". The members are the dog ""(C. lupus familiaris)"", gray wolf (""C. lupus""), coyote (""C. latrans""), golden jackal (""C. aureus""), Ethiopian wolf (""C. simensis""), black-backed jackal (""C. mesomelas""), side-striped jackal (""C. adustus""), dhole (""Cuon alpinus""), and African wild"
"Lycaon (genus) Lycaon is a genus of canid. There are two known species: the extant ""Lycaon pictus"", a canid with common names including ""African wild dog"", ""painted dog"", ""ornate wolf"", and ""African hunting dog""; and the extinct, less cursorial ""Lycaon sekowei"", known from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of South Africa. This hypercarnivorous and highly cursorial genus is distinguished by accessory cusps on the premolars. It branched off from the wolf-like canids lineage during the Plio-Pleistocene. Since then, ""Lycaon"" has become lighter and tetradactyl, but has remained hypercarnivorous. Some authors consider the extinct ""Canis"" subgenus ""Xenocyon"" as ancestral to both ""Lycaon"""
"scientists agreed that this was a canis while some pointed the possibility of a Eurasian wolf that fled from a mobile zoo 4 or 5 days before, however a staff of the zoo checked the corpse and confirmed that the animal captured was different. Japanese wolf The (""Canis lupus hodophilax"") is an extinct subspecies of the gray wolf that was once endemic to the islands of Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū in the Japanese archipelago. It is also known as the Honshū wolf. Its binomial name derives from the Greek ""Hodos"" (path) and ""phylax"" (guardian), in reference to Japanese folklore, which"
"and ""Cuon"". Lycaon (genus) Lycaon is a genus of canid. There are two known species: the extant ""Lycaon pictus"", a canid with common names including ""African wild dog"", ""painted dog"", ""ornate wolf"", and ""African hunting dog""; and the extinct, less cursorial ""Lycaon sekowei"", known from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of South Africa. This hypercarnivorous and highly cursorial genus is distinguished by accessory cusps on the premolars. It branched off from the wolf-like canids lineage during the Plio-Pleistocene. Since then, ""Lycaon"" has become lighter and tetradactyl, but has remained hypercarnivorous. Some authors consider the extinct ""Canis"" subgenus ""Xenocyon"" as ancestral to"
"means ""dog"", as well as (less transparently) English ""hound"". The tribe Canini (Fischer de Waldheim, 1817) is the sister group to the true foxes (""Vulpes""), and is represented today by two sub-tribes: Canina, which includes the genus ""Canis"" (wolves, jackals, the coyote, and the domestic dog), as well as the dhole and the African wild dog; and Cerdocyonina, which includes the so-called foxes of South America. The critical features that mark the Canini as a monophyletic group include: the consistent enlargement of the frontal sinus, often accompanied by the correlated loss of the depression in the dorsal surface of the"
"Canis nehringi Canis nehringi is an extinct species of canid. ""Canis gezi"", a poorly known small wolf from the Ensenadan of South America, appears to have given rise to ""Canis nehringi"", a Lujanian species from Argentina. Betra's analysis in 1988, places ""Canis dirus"" and ""Canis nehringi"" as sister taxa and as the most derived members of the genus ""Canis"" in the New World. The species was first described by Florentino Ameghino in 1902. ""Canis dirus"" made its appearance in South America in the late Pleistocene, and seems to have been restricted to the north and west coasts. Its remains have"