"European currency. Of other national Slavic languages using the Cyrillic alphabet, Macedonian, Russian and Serbian also use the spelling евро. Ukrainian uses євро and Belarusian uses еўра/эўра. In Catalan the official plural is the same as its regular plural ""euros"". The standard pronunciation of ""euro"" is . For the cent, the word ""cèntim"" (, plural ""cèntims"") is used, since historically this term has been used as the hundredth part of a currency unit. The fraction of the peseta was also called ""cèntim"", but it was withdrawn from circulation decades ago. In the Cornish language, euro is written ""ewro"" (like ""Ewrop"""
"Spanish real The real (meaning: ""royal"", plural: reales) was a unit of currency in Spain for several centuries after the mid-14th century, but changed in value relative to other units introduced. In 1864, the ""real"" was replaced by a new ""escudo"", then by the ""peseta"" in 1868, when a ""real"" came to mean a quarter of a peseta. The most common denomination for the currency was the ""Real de Ocho"" or Spanish dollar used throughout Europe, America and Asia during the height of the Spanish Empire. The first real was introduced by King Pedro I of Castile in the mid"
"1853. In 1854, copper 5, 10 and 25 céntimos de real were introduced. Spanish real The real (meaning: ""royal"", plural: reales) was a unit of currency in Spain for several centuries after the mid-14th century, but changed in value relative to other units introduced. In 1864, the ""real"" was replaced by a new ""escudo"", then by the ""peseta"" in 1868, when a ""real"" came to mean a quarter of a peseta. The most common denomination for the currency was the ""Real de Ocho"" or Spanish dollar used throughout Europe, America and Asia during the height of the Spanish Empire. The"
"Spain. Dinar The dinar is the principal currency unit in several countries and was used historically in several more. The modern dinar's historical antecedents are the gold dinar, the main coin of the medieval Islamic empires, first issued in AH 77 (696–697 AD) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The word is derived from the silver denarius coin of ancient Rome, first minted about 211 BC. The English word ""dinar"" is the transliteration of the Arabic دينار (""dīnār""), which was borrowed via the Syriac ""dīnarā"" from the Greek δηνάριον (""dēnárion""), itself from the Latin ""dēnārius"". A gold coin known as"
"de plata fuerte"" and escudo coins until decimalization. Coins denominated in ""reales de plata were"" minted until 1837, whilst maravedí coins were issued until 1850. The ""real de vellón"", now just called the real, was adopted as the chief unit in Spain's first decimal currency, introduced in 1850. To begin with, subsidiary pieces were issued denominated in ""décima de real"" (tenths of a real). Later they were denominated in ""céntimo de real"" (hundredths of a real). The real replaced the Catalan peseta in 1850, at a rate of 1 peseta = 4 reales. In 1864, the real was replaced by"
"Spanish peseta The peseta (, ) was the currency of Spain between 1868 and 2002. Along with the French franc, it was also a ""de facto"" currency used in Andorra (which had no national currency with legal tender). The name of the currency comes from ""pesseta"", the diminutive form of the word ""peça"", which is a Catalan word that means piece or fraction. The first non-official coins which contained the word ""peseta"" were made in 1808 in Barcelona. Traditionally, there was never a single symbol or special character for the Spanish peseta. Common abbreviations were ""Pt"", ""Pta"", ""Pts"" and ""Ptas"","
"December 2020. According to that entity, as of March 2011 pesetas to a value estimated at 1.7 billion euros had not been converted to euro. Spanish peseta The peseta (, ) was the currency of Spain between 1868 and 2002. Along with the French franc, it was also a ""de facto"" currency used in Andorra (which had no national currency with legal tender). The name of the currency comes from ""pesseta"", the diminutive form of the word ""peça"", which is a Catalan word that means piece or fraction. The first non-official coins which contained the word ""peseta"" were made in"
"introduction of the euro common currency. Until 19 June 2001, the following coins were minted by the Spanish Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre: The 50-peseta coins issued between 1990 and 2000 were the first that featured the Spanish flower shape. Like all member nations, these coins come in denominations of 1, 2, and 5 cents in copper plated brass, 10, 20, and 50 cents in Nordic gold, and bimetallic 1 and 2 euros with a common reverse design. The obverse of the first three denominations feature Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, the 10, 20, and 50 cents depict Spanish"
"Spanish escudo The escudo was the name of two distinct Spanish currency denominations. The first escudo was a gold coin introduced in 1535/1537, with coins denominated in escudos issued until 1833. It was initially worth 16 ""reales"". When different reales were introduced, the escudo became worth 16 ""reales de plata"" in 1642, then 16 ""reales de plata fuerte"" or 40 ""reales de vellón"" from 1737. Gold coins were issued in denominations of ½, 1, 2, 4 and 8 escudos, with the 2 escudos coin known as the doubloon. Between 1809 and 1849, coins denominated as 80, 160 and 320 reales"
"Spanish dollar The Spanish dollar, also known as the piece of eight ( or ""real de a ocho""), is a silver coin, of approximately 38 mm diameter, worth eight Spanish reales, that was minted in the Spanish Empire after 1598. Its purpose was to correspond to the German thaler. The Spanish dollar (so called due to being approximately the same weight and fineness of the Dutch leeuwendaalder) was widely used by many countries as the first international/world currency because of its uniformity in standard and milling characteristics. Some countries countersigned the Spanish dollar so it could be used as their"
"Catalan peseta The peseta was a unit of currency in Catalonia until 1850, when the whole of Spain decimalized. It was also a name used throughout Spain for an amount of 4 reales de vellón. In Catalonia, the peseta was subdivided into 6 ""sueldos"", each of 4 ""quartos"" (also spelled ""cuartos""), 8 ""ochavos"" or 12 ""dineros"". Five pesetas were equal to one duro, which was itself equal to the Spanish 8 ""reales de plata fuerte"" (Spanish dollar). In the new, decimal currency, the peseta was worth 4 reales. The name peseta reappeared in 1868 for the new Spanish currency. Its"
"Peso The peso (meaning ""weight"" in Spanish, or more loosely ""pound"") was a coin that originated in Spain and became of immense importance internationally. ""Peso"" is now the name of the monetary unit of several former Spanish colonies. Peso was a name given in Spain and particularly in Hispanic America to the 8-royal coin or ""real de a ocho"", a large silver coin of the type commonly known as a thaler (dollar) in Europe. It had a legal weight of 27.468 g and a millesimal fineness of 930.5 (25.561 g fine silver). This ""real de a ocho"" or ""peso"" was"
"was followed by the Carlist Wars, during which the First Spanish Republic briefly held sway until the restoration of the Bourbons in 1874. Spain remained a monarchy until 1931, when the Second Spanish Republic was established. Communists, socialists, statists and royalists fought the Spanish Civil War from 1936 to 1939, after which the Spanish State of Generalisimo Francisco Franco was generally recognized. The monarchy was restored in 1975 with the ascension of Juan Carlos as king. Until 1866, the currency was the ""real"" which equaled 8 ""cuartos"" or 32 ""maravedis"". That year the ""escudo"" was introduced, equalling 100 ""centimos"" or"
"social mores. From 1982 until 1996, the social democratic PSOE governed the country, with Felipe González as prime minister. In 1986, Spain joined the European Economic Community (EEC, now European Union), and the country hosted the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona and Seville Expo '92. In 1996, the centre-right ""Partido Popular"" government came to power, led by José María Aznar. On 1 January 1999, Spain exchanged the ""peseta"" for the new Euro currency. The peseta continued to be used for cash transactions until January 1, 2002. On 11 March 2004 a number of terrorist bombs exploded on busy commuter trains"
"for the silver Spanish eight-real coin. Following independence, Argentina began issuing its own coins, denominated in reales, ""soles"" and ""escudos"", including silver eight-real (or sol) coins still known as pesos. These coins, together with those from neighbouring countries, circulated until 1881. In 1826, two paper money issues began, denominated in pesos. One, the ""peso fuerte"" (""$F"") (ISO 4217: ARF) was a convertible currency, with 17 pesos fuertes equal to one Spanish ounce (27.0643 g) of 0.916 fine gold. It was replaced by the peso moneda nacional at par in 1881. The non-convertible ""peso moneda corriente"" (everyday currency) (""$m/c"") was also"
"by ""¢"". As of 31 October 2018, the peso's exchange rate was $23.00 per euro and $20.32 per U.S. dollar. The name was first used in reference to ""pesos oro"" (gold weights) or ""pesos plata"" (silver weights). The Spanish word ""peso"" means ""weight"". Compare the British pound sterling. The peso was the name of the eight-real coins issued in Mexico by Spain. These were the so-called Spanish dollars or pieces of eight in wide circulation in the Americas and Asia from the height of the Spanish Empire until the early 19th century (the United States accepted the Spanish dollar as"
"in Madrid. The euro was introduced to world financial markets as an accounting currency on 1 January 1999, replacing the former European Currency Unit (ECU) at a ratio of 1:1 (US$1.1743). Physical euro coins and banknotes entered into circulation on 1 January 2002, making it the day-to-day operating currency of its original members, and by March 2002 it had completely replaced the former currencies. While the euro dropped subsequently to US$0.83 within two years (26 October 2000), it has traded above the U.S. dollar since the end of 2002, peaking at US$1.60 on 18 July 2008. In late 2009, the"
"value was equivalent to that of the earlier peseta. The name of the currency comes from pesseta, the diminutive form of the word peça, which is a Catalan word that means piece or fraction. The first non-official coins which contained the word ""peseta"" were made in 1808 in Barcelona. During the 1809-14 period, coins denominated in pesetas and quartos were minted in Barcelona. Catalan peseta The peseta was a unit of currency in Catalonia until 1850, when the whole of Spain decimalized. It was also a name used throughout Spain for an amount of 4 reales de vellón. In Catalonia,"
"of vellón coin in Spain had driven gold and silver from circulation. After the failure of numerous attempts to correct this situation, the currency finally underwent a major reform on October 14, 1686, when Spain devalued silver by ≈20% and adopted a dual coinage standard. The old silver standard (""plata vieja"") was maintained in the American colonies, but a new devalued silver (""plata nueva"") was adopted for circulation in Spain itself. The old piece of eight was valued at 10 reales of the new silver coin. The new 8-real coin was known as ""peso sencillo"", the old piece of eight"
"of the 1982 FIFA World Cup. The last 25-céntimo coin (or real) was dated 1959, the ten céntimos also dated 1959; both coins bore the portrait of Franco. The 1-céntimo coin was last minted in 1913 and featured King Alfonso XIII. The -céntimo coin was last minted in 1868 and featured Queen Isabel II. The peseta was introduced in 1868, at a time when Spain was considering joining the Latin Monetary Union (LMU). It replaced the old Spanish peso currency. Spain eventually decided not to formally join the LMU, although it did achieve alignment with the bloc. The Spanish Law"
"= 1 ""quarto"" or ""quart"", 16 quartos = 1 real de vellón, 8 reales de vellón = 1 ""peso sencillo"" (""current"" dollar), 10 reales de vellón = 1 ""peso fuerte"" (""hard"" dollar, also known as the ""Spanish dollar""). These roughly doubled the value of the real de vellón relative to its value in Spain. Much of the currency in circulation was in the form of copper coins, since the low value of silver coins relative to billon lead to most silver being exported from Gibraltar to Spain. Copper merchants' tokens denominated in quarts were issued between 1802 and 1820. In"
"The various monetary laws from July 12, 1945 on continued to define the monetary unit as the gold bolívar (""bolívar de oro"") of 290.323 mg pure gold. It was only October 30, 1974 that the monetary unit was defined simply as ""bolívar"", with no reference to gold. The bolívar was a very stable currency for a decade after 1964, but by the early 1980s it was in serious trouble. A peg to the US dollar at 14·50 bolívares did not halt the slide. Neither peg, nor crawling peg, nor managed float could keep the bolívar exchange rate under control. It"
"I) caused the monetary union to break up, although it was not until 1927 that it officially ended. In 1959, Spain became part of the Bretton Woods System, pegging the peseta at a value of 60 pesetas = 1 U.S. dollar. In 1967, the peseta followed the devaluation of the British pound, maintaining the exchange rate of 168 pesetas = 1 pound and establishing a new rate of 70 pesetas = 1 U.S. dollar. The peseta was replaced by the euro in 2002, following the establishment of the euro in 1999. The exchange rate was 1 euro = 166.386 pesetas."
"escudo, when Spain joined the Latin Monetary Union. The later silver escudo was worth one quarter of the earlier, gold escudo. Copper coins were issued in denominations of ½, 1, 2½ and 5 céntimos de escudo, with silver 10, 20 and 40 céntimos de escudo, 1 and 2 escudos, and gold 2, 4 and 10 escudos. The 1 escudo was introduced in 1864, followed by the other silver and gold coins in 1865 and the copper coins in 1866. All the coins were minted until 1868, with 10 escudos also minted in 1873 during the First Republic. Spanish escudo The"
"common accounting unit). The silver flowed through Spain in a steady stream to pay for imports, wars, and imperial expansion. Philip IV reformed Spain's monetary system in 1686 by debasing the silver coinage, which had been unchanged since 1497. This reform applied only to coins minted in Spain. The coinage of the American colonies, which had already assumed great importance in international trade, was left untouched, and the 1497 silver standard continued in use (until 1728). From this time on, the monetary systems and currencies of Spain and of Spanish America developed differently. Coins were defined by monetary regulations as"
"poet-writer Miguel de Cervantes, and the 1 and 2 euros depict the effigy of King Juan Carlos I or King Felipe VI. In 1874, the Bank of Spain (""Banco de España"" in Spanish) introduced notes for 25, 50, 100, 500 and 1,000 pesetas. Except for the 250-peseta notes only issued in 1878, the denominations produced by the Central Bank of Spain did not change until the Civil War, when both the Republicans and Nationalists issued Bank of Spain notes. In 1936, the Republicans issued 5 and 10 pesetas notes. The Ministry of Finance (""Ministerio de Hacienda"") introduced notes for 50"
"General de les Valls d'Andorra issued Decree No. 112 of 19 December 1936, authorizing the issuance of paper money backed by Spanish banknotes. The peseta was replaced by the euro (€) in 1999 on currency exchange boards. Euro coins and notes were introduced in January 2002, and on 1 March 2002 the peseta lost its legal tender status in Spain, and also in Andorra. The conversion rate was 1 euro = 166.386 ESP. Peseta notes issued since 1939 and coins that were legal tender on 31 December 2001 remain exchangeable at any branch of the Spanish Central Bank until 31"
"in 2004. On 1 December 2006, special starter packs of Slovenian euro coins were made available to professional cash handlers. On 15 December 2006 the general public could buy euro starter kits; 450,000 of these kits were produced. Each kit contained 44 coins, amounting to €12.52 (3,000 tolars). Spain was one of the first countries to join the eurozone. The Spanish starter kits or ""Monedero Euro"" had a face value of €12,02, equivalent to 1999.96 pesetas; however, they were sold for 2000 pesetas. These kits were released on 15 December 2001. On 1 September 2001, special starter kits for merchants"
"denomination was changed to 20 reales (based on 20 ""reales de vellón"") and finally 2 escudos. Spain's adoption of the peseta in 1869 and its joining the Latin Monetary Union meant the effective end of the last vestiges of the Spanish dollar in Spain itself. However, the 5-peseta coin (or ""duro"") was slightly smaller and lighter but was also of high purity (90%) silver. In the 1990s, commemorative 2000-peseta coins were minted, similar in size and weight to the 8 reales and also with high fineness. Following independence in 1821, Mexican coinage of silver reales and gold escudos followed that"
"Spanish, and soon the name was given to the Spanish two-real coin as well. In 1717 the mints at Madrid, Segovia, Cuenca, and Seville flooded the country with debased silver coin (the real now containing only 2.556 g fine silver). These coins were designated ""plata provincial"" (provincial silver) to distinguish them from the older, ""heavy"" silver still minted in America, now called ""plata nacional"" (national silver). The old eight-real coin now became known in Spain as a ""peso duro"", or simply a ""duro"", and was rated 10 reales. By 1728, the role of the old ""peso"" was assumed in Spain"
"1821, when republican forces captured the mint at Lima (although republican coins were counterstamped as royalist at Lima in 1824). The monetary unit in the former Spanish colonies was the silver peso, with a value of 8 reales. Silver coins were: cuartillo (1/4 R), medio (1/2 R), real, peseta (2 R), medio peso (4 R), and peso (8 R). If minted to standard, they were either 0·916 fine or (from 1772) 0·902 fine. Circulation also included a varying quantity of macuquina, worn, and of varying weight and fineness. There were also silver coins of various types that had been produced"
"14th century at a value of 3 ""maravedíes"". This rate of exchange increased until 1497, when the real, now issued in billon, was fixed at a value of 34 maravedíes. The famous ""piece of eight"" (""peso de a ocho""), also known as the Spanish dollar, was issued that same year as a trade coin. It later became widespread in North America and Asia. In 1566, the gold escudo was introduced, worth 16 silver reales. The ""piece of eight"" was so-called because the denomination was divided into eight silver reales (8 reales = 1 piece of eight). In addition to the"
"piece of eight in international trade, this new silver coin was intended only for circulation in Spain itself, and the older and heavier eight-real coin continued to be minted. The new eight-real was known as a ""peso maria"" or ""peso sencillo"" (as opposed to the old ""peso fuerte"" or ""peso duro""), and the new standard was called ""plata nueva"" (new silver), usually called ""new plate"" in English. After this, the monetary systems of Spain and of Spanish America developed along different lines. Accounts in Spain were kept in the copper real (""real de vellón"") of 34 maravedíes, while in Spanish"