"the height of up to . The highest peak of the park is Rowokol ( above sea level). The longest rivers are the Vistula (), long; the Oder () which forms part of Poland's western border, long; its tributary, the Warta, long; and the Bug, a tributary of the Vistula, long. The Vistula and the Oder flow into the Baltic Sea, as do numerous smaller rivers in Pomerania. The Łyna and the Angrapa flow by way of the Pregolya to the Baltic Sea, and the Czarna Hańcza flows into the Baltic Sea through the Neman. While the great majority of"
"Battle of the Vistula River The Battle of the Vistula River, also known as the Battle of Warsaw, was a Russian victory against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary on the Eastern Front during the First World War. By mid-September 1914 the Russians were driving the Austro-Hungarian Army deep into Galicia, threatening Krakow, and the Austro-Hungarian invasion of Serbia was floundering. The armies that the Russian commander Grand Duke Nicholas was assembling in Poland were still enlarging, including the arrival of crack troops from Siberia, freed by the Japanese declaration of war against Germany on 23 August . Stavka (Russian supreme"
"in the much longer connection with Eastern Europe via the Vistula, Narew, Bug, Mukhavets, Pripyat, and Dnieper Rivers, but this connection remains unnavigable due to a dam near Brest, Belarus. Currently, only limited numbers of vessels use the Brda River and the adjacent canal Brda (river) The Brda (; ) is a river in northwestern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula. It has a total length of 245 km and a catchment area (all within Poland) of 4,665 km². The Brda is part of the Odra-Vistula waterway, connecting these two rivers via the Warta and Noteć Rivers and the Bydgoszcz"
"Klaipeda (Lithuania) and the Baltic Sea. Its main intended role comes as being a component of this east-west navigable shipping route. The Vistula-Oder waterway runs through the Brda River (tributary of the Vistula river), linked to the Bydgoszcz canal: two water locks are located in the city. Further sections of the waterway runs via the canal to Nakło nad Notecią through 14 water locks. In Nakło, the waterway uses Noteć and Warta rivers, before reaching the Oder river. Several large harbors and berths are available en route: Bydgoszcz, Nakło, Ujście, Czarnków, Krzyż Wielkopolski, Gorzów Wielkopolski and Santok. Assumptively, navigation between"
"as the title and main theme in a popular, nostalgia filled song (in which it is compared to the Vistula river in Poland) of the Polish 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division which was formed nearby in 1943. The unit fought all the way to Berlin alongside the Red Army. It was written by Leon Pasternak. Oka River Oka (, ) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as"
"Vistula River direction by the newly created Western Army had the aim of establishing similar Soviet governments in Belarus, Ukraine and Poland and to drive as far west as possible in order to join up with the German Revolution and to ignite the World revolution. After signing the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Bolshevik Russia lost the European lands it annexed in the 18th and 19th centuries. Most of today's Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and the Baltic States were granted to the government of Germany, which in turn decided to grant these states limited independence as buffer states. However, the German defeat on"
"and flooded into the Kozanow neighborhood. The Vistula River reached in height and, like the floods in general, was at a level not seen in 60 years. On May 24, levees failed or were tactically dynamited, southern Poland was hopelessly flooded, and the River Oder began to flood Germany. $2,500,000,000 worth of damage was done in Poland as the river Vistula flooded along its entire length and Poland's death toll reached 15. By May 25, another £400,000,000 worth of damage was done and 15 Poles were reported dead. Flooding also affected nearby parts of Germany. Parts of Lower Austria, the"
"the Vistula region, while Ptolemy in ""Geographia"" just east of the lower Vistula along the Bay of Gdańsk. The Western Baltic Veneti's territory may have reached east all the way to Sambia. Tacitus in ""Germania"", describing (possibly the same) inhabitants of the south-eastern Baltic shores, mentioned the Aesti people, involved in collecting amber not for their own use but for long distance trade in a raw state. Jordanes in Getica speaks of the ""Aesti, who dwell on the farthest shore of the German Ocean"" (beyond the Germanic-named Vidivarii people, who occupied the mouth of the Vistula area). This ""Ocean"" he"
"Brda (river) The Brda (; ) is a river in northwestern Poland, a tributary of the Vistula. It has a total length of 245 km and a catchment area (all within Poland) of 4,665 km². The Brda is part of the Odra-Vistula waterway, connecting these two rivers via the Warta and Noteć Rivers and the Bydgoszcz Canal since end of the 18th century. The waterway is navigable for modest barges (of CEMT Class II) but with a limited draught. With the expansion of the European Union to the East, the waterway could play an important role. It is a link"
"in Braniewo. A few hydro plants are built on the river: Pasłęka crosses the following lakes: Wymój, Sarąg, Łęguty, Isąg. Pasłęka The Pasłęka (Ger. ""Passarge"") is a long river in Poland that debouches into the Baltic Sea on the Vistula Lagoon near Braniewo. It flows through the lake areas of Olsztyn and Mrągowo, and through Gdańsk Coastal Area. The reported length of the river varies, depending on sources, from . The river springs nearby Olsztynek, between Stawiguda and Gryźliny, at AMSL; though some sources place it in the Pasłęk reservoir, which lies at AMSL. The river flows through the town"
"Bydgoszcz Canal Bydgoszcz Canal () is a canal, 24.7 km long, between the cities of Bydgoszcz and Nakło in Poland, connecting Vistula river with Oder river, through Brda and Noteć rivers (the latter ending in the Warta river which itself ends in Oder). The level difference along the canal is regulated by 6 locks. The canal was built in 1772-1775, at the order of Frederick II, king of Prussia (after annexation of western Poland by Kingdom of Prussia in First Partition of Poland). Bydgoszcz Canal has been listed on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List, N°A/900/1-27, on November 30, 2005. The"
"first waterway in Central Europe to provide a direct link between the two major rivers, the Vistula and the Neman. It provided a link with the Black Sea to the south through the Oginski Canal, Dnieper River, Berezina Canal, and Dvina River. The Baltic Sea– Vistula– Dnieper– Black Sea route with its rivers was one of the most ancient trade routes, the Amber Road, on which amber and other items were traded from Northern Europe to Greece, Asia, Egypt, and elsewhere. The Vistula estuary was settled by Slavs in the 7th and 8th century. Based on archeological and linguistic findings,"
"pre-Latin and pre-Germanic population of Europe. The theory is rejected by majority of Slovenian scholars. Vistula Veneti The Vistula Veneti (also called Baltic Veneti) were an Indo-European ethno-linguistic tribal group that inhabited the eastern regions along the Vistula river and the coastal areas around the Bay of Gdańsk. The term has been used in modern times to distinguish the Veneti (as noted by Roman and Greek geographers), who lived on the Central European plains, from the Germanic and Sarmatian tribes around them, and other Veneti tribes elsewhere, such as the Adriatic Veneti (modern-day Veneto), the Veneti of Armorica, and the"
"by Lithuanian ""vanduõ"" 'water', while Jan Długosz in his ""Annales seu cronicae incliti regni Poloniae"" called the Vistula 'white waters' (""Alba aqua""), perhaps referring to the White Little Vistula (""Biała Wisełka""): ""a nationibus orientalibus Polonis vicinis, ob aquae candorem Alba aqua ... nominatur."" Over the course of history the river possessed several names in different languages such as , , and . The Vistula river is formed in the southern Silesian Voivodeship of Poland from two sources, the Czarna (""Black"") Wisełka at an altitude of and the Biała (""White"") Wisełka at an altitude of on the western slope of Barania"
"the Baltic. They include the major rivers of north Europe, such as the Oder, the Vistula, the Neman, the Daugava and the Neva. Additional fresh water comes from the difference of precipitation less evaporation, which is positive. An important source of salty water are infrequent inflows of North Sea water into the Baltic. Such inflows, important to the Baltic ecosystem because of the oxygen they transport into the Baltic deeps, used to happen regularly until the 1980s. In recent decades they have become less frequent. The latest four occurred in 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2014 suggesting a new inter-inflow period"
"area of uplands and low mountains of Western Europe), and the Alpine zone of high mountains to which the Alps and the Carpathians belong. The Vistula begins in the Carpathian mountains. The run and character of the river were shaped by ice sheets flowing down from the Scandinavian peninsula. The last ice sheet entered the area of Poland about 20,000 years ago. During periods of warmer weather, the ancient Vistula, ""Pra-Wisła"", searched for the shortest way to the sea—thousands of years ago it flowed into the North Sea somewhere at the latitude of contemporary Scotland. The climate of the Vistula"
"Góra in the Silesian Beskids. The Vistula can be divided into three parts: upper, from its sources to Sandomierz; center, from Sandomierz to the confluences with the Narew and Bug; and bottom, from the confluence with the Narew to the sea. The Vistula river basin covers (in Poland ); its average altitude is above sea level. In addition, the majority of its river basin (55%) is 100 to 200 m above sea level; over of the river basin ranges from in altitude. The highest point of the river basin is at (Gerlach Peak in the Tatra mountains). One of the"
"Baltic states, Danzig, East Prussia, Poznań, and drawing up on a line sixty kilometres east of Berlin along the River Oder. During the full course of the Vistula–Oder operation (23 days), the Red Army forces sustained 194,191 total casualties (killed, wounded and missing) and lost 1,267 tanks and assault guns. On 25 January 1945, Hitler renamed three army groups. Army Group North became Army Group Courland; Army Group Centre became Army Group North and Army Group A became Army Group Centre. Army Group North (old Army Group Centre) was driven into an ever-smaller pocket around Königsberg in East Prussia. A"
"Vistula river near Puławy. The Commonwealth also fought forces from Transylvania and Brandenburg-Prussia, but the Duchy of Prussia gained formal Polish recognition of its independence outside of the Polish state (Treaty of Wehlau, 1657). In all these other invasions, only the Russian invaders caused the most similar damages to the Swedes, due to Russian raids, destructions and rapid incursion which crippled Polish industries. With the Treaty of Hadiach on September 16, 1658, the Polish Crown elevated the Cossacks and Ruthenians to a position equal to that of Poland and Lithuania in the Polish–Lithuanian Union, and in fact transformed the Polish–Lithuanian"
"Pasłęka The Pasłęka (Ger. ""Passarge"") is a long river in Poland that debouches into the Baltic Sea on the Vistula Lagoon near Braniewo. It flows through the lake areas of Olsztyn and Mrągowo, and through Gdańsk Coastal Area. The reported length of the river varies, depending on sources, from . The river springs nearby Olsztynek, between Stawiguda and Gryźliny, at AMSL; though some sources place it in the Pasłęk reservoir, which lies at AMSL. The river flows through the town of Braniewo (until 1945 the German town of ""Braunsberg""). The drainage area of Pasłęka spreads over . Pasłęka's average mouth"
"Warta The Warta (Polish pronunciation: [ˈvaɾta] ; ) is a river in western-central Poland and a tributary of the Oder. With a length of approximately , it is the country's second-longest river located within its borders and third-longest in terms of total length. The Warta has a basin area of and it is navigable from Kostrzyn nad Odrą to Konin, approximately half of its length. It is connected to the Vistula by the Noteć River and the Bydgoszcz Canal (""Kanał Bydgoski"") near the city of Bydgoszcz. It rises in the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland at Kromołów in Zawiercie, Silesian Voivodeship, flows through"
"Vistula Veneti The Vistula Veneti (also called Baltic Veneti) were an Indo-European ethno-linguistic tribal group that inhabited the eastern regions along the Vistula river and the coastal areas around the Bay of Gdańsk. The term has been used in modern times to distinguish the Veneti (as noted by Roman and Greek geographers), who lived on the Central European plains, from the Germanic and Sarmatian tribes around them, and other Veneti tribes elsewhere, such as the Adriatic Veneti (modern-day Veneto), the Veneti of Armorica, and the Paphlagonian Veneti (modern-day Paphlagonia). Roman and Byzantine historians described the Vistula Veneti as the ancestors"
"Vistula Lagoon The Vistula Lagoon (; or ""Kaliningradskiy Zaliv""; ; ) is a brackish water lagoon on the Baltic Sea roughly 56 miles (90 km) long, 6 to 15 miles (10 to 19 km) wide, and up to 17 feet (5 m) deep, separated from Gdańsk Bay by the Vistula Spit. It is now known as the Vistula Bay or Vistula Gulf. The modern German name, ""Frisches Haff"", is derived from an earlier form, ""Friesisches Haff"". The lagoon is a mouth of a few branches of the Vistula River, notably the Nogat, and the Pregolya River. It is connected to"
"between Ruthenia, Lithuania, and the Baltic, especially with Danzig, Julin (Vineta or Wollin, in Pomerania), and other cities on the Vistula, Oder, and Elbe. The origin of Belarusian Jews has been the subject of much speculation. It is believed that they were made up of two distinct streams of Jewish immigration. The older and significantly smaller of the two entered the territory that would later become the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the east. These early immigrants spoke Judeo-Slavic dialects which distinguished them from the later Jewish immigrants who entered the region from the Germanic lands. While the origin of"
"(total area of drainage basin of the Vistula within boundaries of the Second Polish Republic was , the Niemen (), the Odra () and the Daugava (). The remaining part of the country was drained southward, into the Black Sea, by the rivers that drain into the Dnieper (Pripyat, Horyn and Styr, all together ) as well as Dniester () The Second World War in 1939 ended the sovereign Second Polish Republic. The German invasion of Poland began on 1 September 1939, one week after Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union signed the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. On that day, Germany"
"that they could surrender to the Western Allies rather than to the Soviets. Starting on 12 January 1945, the Red Army began the Vistula–Oder Offensive across the Narew River; and, from Warsaw, a three-day operation on a broad front, which incorporated four army Fronts. On the fourth day, the Red Army broke out and started moving west, up to per day, taking East Prussia, Danzig, and Poznań, drawing up on a line east of Berlin along the Oder River. The newly created Army Group Vistula, under the command of ""Reichsführer-SS"" Heinrich Himmler, attempted a counter-attack, but this had failed by"
"the Vistula river, as far as Eningia (probably he meant Feningia = Finland), was inhabited by the following nations: the Venedi (centuries later referred to as Wends), the Scirri and the Hirri. They migrated southwards apparently around 200 BC (some secondary works give a more precise date of 230 BC), along with the Bastarnae. The Protogenes Inscription (3rd century BC) mention the Sciri, when they tried unsuccessfully to capture the Greek city of Olbia, northwest of the Black Sea. After a peace treaty with the Roman Empire they are recorded as living east of the Bastarnae, near the Black Sea."
"plains, passing several large Polish cities along its way, including Kraków, Sandomierz, Warsaw, Płock, Włocławek, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Świecie, Grudziądz, Tczew and Gdańsk. It empties into the Vistula Lagoon (""Zalew Wiślany"") or directly into the Gdańsk Bay of the Baltic Sea with a delta and several branches (Leniwka, Przekop, Śmiała Wisła, Martwa Wisła, Nogat and Szkarpawa). The name was first recorded by Pomponius Mela in AD40 and by Pliny in AD77 in his ""Natural History"". Mela names the river ""Vistula"" (3.33), Pliny uses ""Vistla"" (4.81, 4.97, 4.100). The root of the name ""Vistula"" is Indo-European *""u̯eis-"" 'to ooze, flow slowly' (cf."
"their destruction in World War II. Where Lutheran Churches did not exist, or in times prior to their existence, the Germans would have been obligated to register at a Roman Catholic church. 1. Book - ""Historical Atlas of East Central Europe"", by Paul Magocsi (in English) Vistula Germans Vistula Germans () are ethnic Germans who had settled in what became known after the 1863 Polish rebellion as the Vistula Territory. This territory, so designated by the ruling Russians of the time, encompassed most of the Vistula River (Weichsel in German, Wisła in Polish) watershed of central Poland up to just"
"Soła The Soła () is a river in southern Poland, a right tributary of the Vistula. Soła originates in the Western Beskids mountain range near the border with Slovakia. It is made up of the confluence of several small creeks at the village of Rajcza. It runs downhill northeastwards through Żywiec Basin to the towns of Żywiec and Kęty, forming the border between the Silesian and the Żywiec Beskids. After , the Soła empties into the Vistula River after having passed the town of Oświęcim. The river flows within metres of the Auschwitz concentration camp. The Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum informs"
"Bílovka The Bílovka is a river running through Czech Silesia in the north-east part of the Czech Republic. It is a left-bank tributary of the Oder. Its own tributaries include the Skřípovský potok and the Sezina River. Arising in the woodlands east of Březová, the river passes through a number of small villages and the city of Bílovec before it merges with the Oder south of the village of Jistebník. Until recently, the Bílovka was one of the most drained rivers in its region, and in 2014 monitoring of regulation works started. The banks of the Bílovka have been strengthened,"
"into a more modern European state are believed to have derived in large part from his experiences among Russia's established Germans. By the late 17th-century, foreigners were no longer so rare in Russian cities, and Moscow's German Quarter had lost its ethnic character by the end of that century. Through wars and the partitions of Poland, Prussia acquired an increasing amount of northern, western, and central Polish territory. The Vistula River flows south to north, to near Danzig (now Gdańsk). Germans and Dutch settled its valley starting from the Baltic Sea and moving further south with time. Eventually, Prussia acquired"
"1997 Central European flood The 1997 Central European flood or the 1997 Oder Flood of the Oder and Morava river basins in July 1997 affected Poland, Germany, and the Czech Republic, taking the lives of about 114 people (in the Czech Republic and Poland) and causing material damages estimated at $4.5 billion (3.8 billion euros in the Czech Republic and Poland and 330 million euros in Germany). The flooding began in the Czech Republic, then spread to Poland and Germany. In Poland, where it was one of the most disastrous floods in the history of that country, it was named"