"Similarly, 13/7*/5 denotes a move corresponding to a roll 6-2 and a checker moving from 13 to 5 hitting a checker at the in-between step at point 7. Moves resulting from double rolls are often indicated by placing the number of checkers moved in parentheses after the move. For example, the effect of a roll 2-2, could be: 6/4(3) 13/11. Finally, it is common to use the words ""bar"" and ""off"" to describe moves where checkers are entered from the bar or taken off during bear off. For instance bar/22 17/9, and 5/off 2/off. Backgammon notation Backgammon notation is a"
"Backgammon notation Backgammon notation is a means for recording backgammon games, developed by Paul Magriel in the 1970s. The common way of describing the movement of checkers involves numbering the points around the board from 24 to 1 as depicted in Figure 1. The image shows the board from black's perspective, with the numbers diminishing as her checkers move counterclockwise toward her own home board at the bottom right-hand side. The reverse numbering of the points applies when white is on roll, with the 24-point referred to as the 1-point, and so forth. Dice rolls are shown either as ""4-2"""
"Backgammon Backgammon is one of the oldest known board games. Its history can be traced back nearly 5,000 years to archeological discoveries in the Middle East. It is a two player game where each player has fifteen pieces (""checkers"") which move between twenty-four triangles (""points"") according to the roll of two dice. The objective of the game is to be first to ""bear off"", i.e. move all fifteen checkers off the board. Backgammon is a member of the tables family, one of the oldest classes of board games. Backgammon involves a combination of strategy and luck (from rolling dice). While"
"be traced to Medieval and Renaissance sources. Backgammon has been studied considerably by computer scientists, who have developed software that plays at the level of top human players. Tric-trac is a French variant of Backgammon. There are two main forms of the game, ""le Grand Tric-trac"" and ""le Petit Tric-trac."" In Tric-trac, the starting point is called a ""talon"", the points, or ""fleches"", are numbered to 12 on both sides of the board, with the 12th point on either side called the ""coin de repos"", or, simply, ""coin"". The 11th point (on either side) is often called ""le case d'écolier"","
"backgammon are a mixture of chance and skill. Even though luck (usually the throw of dice) plays a part, choices made by the players in the course of the game also help to decide the winner. Backgammon is one of the oldest board games that people still play. Its name comes from the Saxon (it means ‘back game’ because sometimes pieces have to go back to the beginning), but the Romans played this game too. Luck plays little or no part in games of skill – the outcome is decided by the players’ ability to make the most advantageous moves"
"Hypergammon Hypergammon is a variant of backgammon. Each player begins with three pieces, rather than fifteen. At the start of the game, each player begins with one piece on each of the three most distant points of the board (the 22-point, the 23-point and the 24-point). Hypergammon is often played using the Jacoby Rule, which is also used in backgammon money games. Under this rule, gammons and backgammons will not count extra until the cube has been doubled. As a consequence of the reduced number of pieces, many people believe that hypergammon relies more heavily on luck than does backgammon."
"or 'schoolboy's point' (""case"" meaning 'square', literally) after the tendency of inexperienced players to rush to this point too soon in the game. Statistically, the most difficult points in the game to reach aside from the ""coins"" are the 8th points, and they are named ""les fleches de diable"", or 'the Devil's points', for this reason. The home boards are referred to as the ""jan de retour"" by either player. Doubles are treated as two identical numbers, unlike backgammon proper. Many of the ancestors of modern tables games are no longer widely played. Tables (board game) Tables is a general"
"is incremented on each occasion yet remains in the middle of the board, available to either player. The Murphy rule may be invoked with a maximum number of automatic doubles allowed and that limit is agreed to prior to a game or match commencing. When a player decides to double the opponent, the value is then a double of whatever face value is shown (e.g. if two automatic doubles have occurred putting the cube up to 4, the first in-game double will be for 8 points). The Murphy rule is not an official rule in backgammon and is rarely, if"
"games in addition to its extensive discussion of chess. By the 17th century, table games had spread to Sweden. A wooden board and checkers were recovered from the wreck of the Vasa among the belongings of the ship's officers. Backgammon appears widely in paintings of this period, mainly those of Dutch and German painters (Van Ostade, Jan Steen, Hieronymus Bosch, Bruegel and others). Some surviving artworks are ""Cardsharps"" by Caravaggio (the backgammon board is in the lower left) and ""The Triumph of Death"" by Pieter Bruegel the Elder (the backgammon board is in the lower right). Others are the Hell"
"tournaments and Hugh Hefner held backgammon parties at the Playboy Mansion. Backgammon clubs were formed and tournaments were held, resulting in a World Championship promoted in Las Vegas in 1967. Most recently, the United States Backgammon Federation (USBGF) was organized in 2009 to repopularize the game in the United States. Board and committee members include many of the top players, tournament directors and writers in the worldwide backgammon community. The USBGF has recently created a Standards of Ethical Practice to address issues on which tournament rules fail to touch. Backgammon Backgammon is one of the oldest known board games. Its"
"backgammon, Zeno could not move to a space occupied by two opponent (black) pieces. The white and black checkers were so distributed on the points that the only way to use all of the three results, as required by the game rules, was to break the three stacks of two checkers into blots, thus exposing them to capture and ruining the game for Zeno. Tabula was most likely a later refinement of ""ludus duodecim scriptorum"", with the board's middle row of points removed, and only the two outer rows remaining. Today, the word ""τάβλι"" is still used to refer to"
"Tabula were reconstructed in the 19th century by Becq de Fouquières based upon this epigram. The game was played on a board nearly identical to a modern backgammon board with 24 points, 12 on each side. Two players had 15 pieces each, and moved them in opposing directions around the board, according to the roll of three dice. A piece resting alone in a space on the board was vulnerable to being hit. Hitting a blot, reentering a piece from the bar, and bearing off, all had the same rules as today. The only differences with modern backgammon were the"
"form the ""Ribs"". The Deck is present towards the bottom right. Cards in the ""Backbone"" can be moved to a Foundation or Tableau Stack. The card at the base of the ""Backbone"" (the Coccyx card) must be moved before the ""Backbone"" cards can be played. The Tableau builds down in suit. Here is an example: 7♥, 6♥, 5♥... An emptied stack can be filled with any card from the ""Backbone"" or Deck. Tap or click on the Deck to deal out one card at a time. Only two passes through the Deck are allowed, making Backbone a difficult game to"
"and 後手 ""gote""), play on a board ruled into a grid of 9 ""ranks"" (rows) by 9 ""files"" (columns). The squares are undifferentiated by marking or color. Each player has a set of 19 wedge-shaped pieces, of slightly different sizes. From largest to smallest (most to least powerful) they are: Each piece has its name in the form of two kanji written on its face. On the reverse side of each knight two other characters, often in a different color (commonly red instead of black); this reverse side is turned up to indicate that the piece has been promoted during"
"at the top portion of the board while the puzzler would fill any unused lines below. The puzzle board's shape from 1994 to early 2000 was the same as the current American puzzle board. From 1988 to 1993, its border was styled like the one on the American puzzle board used from 1981 to 1993. The background colour for unused trilons on the UK's puzzle board was green from 1988 to 1993, after which it was changed to blue. In 2001, Lose A Turn was renamed Miss A Turn and a 500 Gamble space was added. When 500 Gamble was"
"to backgammon) is uncertain. Speculation that Pachisi derived from the earlier game of Ashtapada is plausible but unsubstantiated. At the 16th-century palace at Fatehpur Sikri in northern India: The game of Pachisi was played by Akbar in a truly regal manner. The Court itself, divided into red and white squares, being the board, and an enormous stone raised on four feet, representing the central point. It was here that Akbar and his courtiers played this game; sixteen young slaves from the harem wearing the players' colours, represented the pieces, and moved to the squares according to the throw of the"
"the board, and you enter by rolling either doubles or acey-deucey.<br> These games are played one after another, in matches of three, five, or seven points. Before starting a match, each player rolls 1 die, and the player with the highest roll picks up both dice and re-rolls (i.e. it is possible to roll doubles for the opening move). Players use the same pair of dice in turns. After the first game, the winner of the previous game starts first. Each game counts as 1 point, if the opponent has borne off at least 1 stone, otherwise 2 points (gammon/backgammon)."
"Tables (board game) Tables is a general name given to a class of board games similar to backgammon, played on a board with two rows of 12 vertical markings called ""points"". Players roll dice to determine the movement of pieces. Tables games are among the oldest known board games, and many variants are played throughout the world. The ancient Egyptians played a game called Senet, which belonged to the same family of ""race games"" as modern tables games, with moves controlled by the roll of dice as early as 3500 BC. The Royal Game of Ur, played in ancient Mesopotamia,"
"use of an extra die (three rather than two) and the starting of all pieces off the board (with them entering in the same way that pieces on the bar enter in modern backgammon). In the epigram Zeno, who was white (red in illustration), had a stack of seven checkers, three stacks of two checkers and two blots, checkers that stand alone on a point and are therefore in danger of being put outside the board by an incoming opponent checker. Zeno threw the three dice with which the game was played and obtained 2, 5 and 6. As in"
"four tiles each in an assembly known as the ""woodpile"". Individual stacks or tiles may then be moved in specific ways to rearrange the woodpile, after which the players place their bets. Next, each player (including the dealer) is given one stack of tiles and must use them to form two hands of two tiles each. The hand with the lower value is called the ""front hand"", and the hand with the higher value is called the ""rear hand"". If a player's front hand beats the dealer's front hand, and the player's rear hand beats the dealer's rear hand, then"
"but the prize money at most tournaments was small—typically only $5,000. Most pros were in their late 30s or 40's, and the golf association discouraged gambling, so he abandoned the idea. At the time, the ""La Gorce Country Club"" in Miami Beach had over one hundred millionaire members and was, according to Holland, the ""gambling capital of golf"". For several years, he made his living playing golf for high stakes, but in 1958, he noticed several older members playing a board game in the clubhouse. He asked to play and got hooked on backgammon. It took several years and $30,000"
"set (季牌 ""jì pái"") <br> From left to right: Plum, Orchid, Chrysanthemum, Bamboo, Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter Animal Tiles(禽兽牌""qín shòu pái"" / 动物牌""dòng wù pái"") From left to right: Cat, Rat, Rooster, Centipede Points (台) are scored from the difficulty of gathering the winning hand. If monetary rewards (and losses) are involved, it is common that playing parties will agree upon a monetary value awarded to a one-point winning hand. Subsequently, for each additional point scored, this value is accordingly doubled. There is a typical maximum scoring limit of five points, though this has to be agreed among players. This"
"around and off the board is called the ""pip count"". The difference between the two players' pip counts is frequently used as a measure of the leader's racing advantage. Players often use mental calculation techniques to determine pip counts in live play. Backgammon is played in two principal variations, ""Money"" and ""Match"" play. Money play means that every point counts evenly and every game stands alone, whether money is actually being wagered or not. ""Match"" play means that the players play until one side scores (or exceeds) a certain number of points. The format has a significant effect on strategy."
"Backbone (solitaire) Backbone is a unique and difficult solitaire game using two decks of playing cards. The object of this game is to move all cards to the Foundations. Backbone has eight Foundations that build up from Ace to King in suit. Here is an example: A♣, 2♣, 3♣, 4♣... In the center are two Reserve Stacks to form the ""Backbone"". At the bottom of the ""Backbone"", there is a card that overlaps both Reserve Stacks. This card must be played before the remaining ""Backbone"" cards can be played. On each side of the ""Backbone"" are four Tableau Stacks to"
"backgammon in Greece, as well as in Syria and Turkey (as ""tavla"") and in Romania (as ""table""); in these countries, backgammon remains a popular game played in town squares and in cafes. Tabula (game) Tabula (Byzantine Greek: τάβλι), meaning a plank or board, was a Greco-Roman board game, and is generally thought to be the direct ancestor of modern backgammon. According to the ""Etymologiae"" by Isidore of Seville, tabula was first invented by a Greek soldier of the Trojan War named Alea. The earliest description of ""τάβλι"" (tavli) is in an epigram of Byzantine emperor Zeno (r. 474–475; 476–491), given"
"Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition Risk: ""The Lord of the Rings"" Trilogy Edition is a board game based upon the game Risk and in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional land of Middle-earth rather than the actual Earth. The board is divided into nine regions of Middle-earth taken from ""The Lord of the Rings"". The box contains: a rules manual; a map on a cardboard board, depicting the northwest area of Middle-earth at the end of the Third Age; playing pieces—two light-colored sets containing Elven Archers, Riders of Rohan, Eagles and elven-style leader shields for good armies, and"
"Ssangryuk Ssangryuk (hangul: 쌍륙, hanja: 雙六) is a traditional Korean game. ""Ssangryuk"" (or Ssanguk) is a game using dice that is most commonly played in winter. It has a game board, 30 horses and 2 dice. It is also called ""ssangryuk"" (same spelling and sound but different ""hanja"": 雙陸), ""aksak"" (hangul: 악삭, hanja: 握槊), ""sangryuk"" (상륙, 象陸), and ""ssangyuk"" (상육, 象陸). The game is similar in structure and play to Backgammon the classic strategy game and is probably related to the Tables family of games. The game board doesn't have any required size, but on average it is 80 cm"
"the left has no facial hair and his face is unlined. In both folios, both pairs of players are playing backgammon and seem to be well-dressed, although there is no addition of gold detailing to their robes as seen in the wardrobes of aristocratic players in other miniatures. These players are seated on the ground, leaning on pillows that are placed next to a backgammon board. In this miniature, the figure on the left side of the board faces the reader, while the figure on the right leans in to the board with his back to the reader. In other"
"of a real backgammon tournament (compare simultaneous exhibition in chess) with 64 boards, designated X-1 through x-64, in which the player designated ""X-22"" has eventually won. Magriel first came to prominence on the backgammon circuit when he won the World Backgammon Championship in 1978. From 1977 to 1980, he wrote weekly backgammon columns for ""The New York Times."" Paul and Renée Magriel (his first wife, later Roberts) wrote two books, ""Backgammon,"" widely considered to be the bible of the game, and an abridgement for beginning players, ""An Introduction to Backgammon: A Step-by-Step Guide."" Magriel was featured in the commentary in"
"Black and White (or 先手 ""sente"" and 後手 ""gote""), play on a board ruled into a grid of 9 ""ranks"" (rows) by 7 ""files"" (columns). The squares are undifferentiated by markings or color. Each player has a set of 14 wedge-shaped pieces, of slightly different sizes. From largest to smallest (most to least powerful) they are: Most of the English names were chosen to correspond to rough equivalents in Western chess, rather than as translations of the Japanese names. Each piece has its name in the form of two kanji written on its face. On the reverse side of some"
"your opponent's phoenix. Two players, Black and White (or 先手 ""sente"" and 後手 ""gote),"" play on a board ruled into a grid of 7 ""ranks"" (rows) by 7 ""files"" (columns). The squares are undifferentiated by marking or color. Each player has a set of 16 wedge-shaped pieces, of slightly different sizes. From largest to smallest (or most to least powerful) they are: In line with the bird theme, each piece is named after a different kind of bird. Each piece has its name in the form of a kanji written on its face. On the reverse side of some pieces"
"the king to the edge of the board, while the attackers must attempt to surround, and thereby capture, the king. This theory is supported by an artefact found in Balinderry, County Westmeath in 1932, known as the Ballinderry Game Board. This is of a wooden board with Celtic symbols on it, with a seven-by-seven grid, marked off by 49 holes. This artefact may be a ""tafl"" variant, and perhaps even a Brandub board; many commentators assume that it is the type of board upon which one would have played ""fidchell"". Reconstructions of probable rules proceed from there. However, there are"
"of the table, forming the stock. The top card of the stock is flipped face-up and placed next to it and is called the up-card, the top card of the discard pile. Object of the Game: Each player is trying to obtain - as close as possible - a score of 31 (an ace and two face cards) in one suit. The value of each card is as follows: Game Play: The player to the left of the dealer goes first. This player takes either the up-card or the top card from the stock, then discards one card face up"