"wake of the Tunisian Revolution of 2011"". The protests inspired similar actions throughout the Arab world, known as the Arab Spring. In Tunisia and the wider Arab world, the protests and change in government are called the Revolution or sometimes the Sidi Bouzid Revolt, derived from Sidi Bouzid, the city where the initial protests began. In the Western media, these events have been dubbed the Jasmine Revolution or Jasmine Spring after Tunisia's national flower and in keeping with the geopolitical nomenclature of ""color revolutions"". The name ""Jasmine Revolution"" originated from American journalist Andy Carvin, but it was not widely adopted"
"in Tunisia itself. In fact, the debate surrounding the name and the poetic influences behind the Tunisian revolution was a popular question among Tunisian intellectuals themselves as seen in the following article: Tunisia's revolution of dignity and freedom cannot be color-coded. The name adopted in Tunisia was the Dignity Revolution, which is a translation of the Tunisian Arabic name for the revolution (""""). Within Tunisia, Ben Ali's rise to power in 1987 was also known as the Jasmine Revolution. President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali had ruled Tunisia since 1987, mostly as a one-party state with the Democratic Constitutional Rally"
"in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014. The word ""Tunisia"" is derived from Tunis; a central urban hub and the capital of modern-day Tunisia. The present form of the name, with its Latinate suffix """", evolved from French ., in turn generally associated with the Berber root ⵜⵏⵙ, transcribed , which means ""to lay down"""
"founders, Adam Rajab, is said to have looked up at the night sky, saw a crescent (""Hilal"" in Arabic), and remarking that it was the crescent of the Muslim lunar month of Rajab, asked the others ""why not we name it Al-Hilal?"". Everyone welcomed the idea, and on 4 March 1930 Al-Hilal became the official name of the club and the first to hold this name in Sudan and the Middle East. The uniform chosen was dark blue and white – after the white crescent against the dark blue night skies. In light of the aforementioned pro-Egyptian uprising, however, the"
"Tunisia national handball team The Tunisian national handball team (), nicknamed ""Les Aigles de Carthage (The Eagles of Carthage or The Carthage Eagles)"", is the national handball team of Tunisia. It is governed by the Tunisian Handball Federation and takes part in international handball competitions. The Tunisian handball League was founded in 1953. In 1957, the Tunisians founded the Tunisian handball Federation, which was later admitted into the International Handball Federation in 1962. The Tunisian national handball team has participated in several handball world championships. In 2005 Tunisia finished in 4th place; becoming the second non-European team to reach the"
"Tunisia national football team The Tunisia national football team (, ), is the national team representing Tunisia in association football since their maiden match in 1957. The squad is under the global jurisdiction of FIFA and is governed in Africa by CAF. It is governed by the Tunisian Football Federation , founded in 1957 after the Tunisian independence in 1956. Tunisia are colloquially known as Les Aigles de Carthage (The Eagles of Carthage). The team's colours are red and white, and the Bald eagle its symbol. Periods of regular Tunisian representation at the highest international level, from 1962 to 1978,"
"rename the party the Constitutional Democratic Rally (RCD by its French acronym). In 1988, Ben Ali tried a new tack with reference to the government and Islam, by attempting to reaffirm the country's Islamic identity; several Islamist activists were released from prison. He also forged a national pact with the Tunisian party Harakat al-Ittijah al-Islami (Islamic Tendency Movement), which had been founded in 1981; later it changed its name to an-Nahda (the Renaissance Party). But Ben Ali's innovative tack did not work out. Subsequently, An-Nahda claimed to have run strongly in the 1989 elections, which gave the appearance of being"
"that erupted at the end of 2010 and beginning of 2011. Starting from the Tunisian city of Sidi Bouzid and spreading throughout the country, the Tunisian Revolution began in mid-December 2010 and was soon faced with government repression. On 14 January 2011, President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali fled to Saudi Arabia. Inspired by the events, the Egyptians organized similar protests on 25 January, which also swelled and spread all over the country. After several failed attempts to stop the movement, President Hosni Mubarak announced his resignation and transferred power to the army on 11 February. These events ""jolted the"
"1987 Tunisian coup d'état The 1987 Tunisian coup d'état involved the bloodless ousting of the ageing President of Tunisia Habib Bourguiba on 7 November 1987, and his replacement as President by his recently appointed Prime Minister, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. The action was justified by reference to Bourguiba's failing health and Article 57 of the country's constitution. Reports later surfaced to indicate that the Italian intelligence services had been involved in planning it. Sources sometimes identify the 1987 coup as the ""Révolution de jasmin"" (""Jasmin Revolution"") as the jasmine flower is considered a symbol of Tunisia. However, more recent"
"1987 Tunisian coup d'état The 1987 Tunisian coup d'état involved the bloodless ousting of the ageing President of Tunisia Habib Bourguiba on 7 November 1987, and his replacement as President by his recently appointed Prime Minister, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. The action was justified by reference to Bourguiba's failing health and Article 57 of the country's constitution. Reports later surfaced to indicate that the Italian intelligence services had been involved in planning it. Sources sometimes identify the 1987 coup as the ""Révolution de jasmin"" (""Jasmin Revolution"") as the jasmine flower is considered a symbol of Tunisia. However, more recent"
"the middle of the 20th century, Libya, a country still looking for its independence, started to found many sporting clubs and youth clubs in a political move to unite the youth of the country in order to fight for its independence, and drive out the British forces. A young group of youngsters from Tripoli decided to name their club Al Istiqlal, meaning ""Independence"", but the British administration, uncomfortable with this name as it may have caused a revolt against their power, refused it. The club was therefore named ""Alahly"", meant as ""The People's Club"", and chose the club's colours as"
"before arriving in the capital and becoming a national movement.This city is also home to Dallas Mavericks center Salah Mejri. The ""events of April 9, 1938 "" ( 9 أحداث أفريل 1938) were street protests demanding political reforms, including the establishment of a parliament, a major step towards the independence of Tunisia whilst a French protectorate. They resulted in a bloody shootout that marked the start of the Tunisian national movement. During World War 2 there was an airfield outside the village. During Operation Torch, the town and was captured by paratroops of the British 1st Parachute Brigade on 16"
"meeting was to establish a sports education society. The Tunisian flag was chosen in the selection of the colors of the team. The red shirt with the star and the white shorts. The French colonial authorities prevented the use of these colors, but with the insistence of the team leaders they prevailed and in the latter they played this kit. In English the name means ""Sport"" (or ""Athletic"") ""Star of the Sahel"" In Tunisia, Étoile du Sahel is considered to be one of the best clubs. For many years it had a reputation of playing entertaining football. In fact, the"
"former national team player, Walid Ben Amor played in Barcelone F.C. Most of these players play in the French championship. Champions Runners-up Third Place Fourth Place Squad for the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship. Head coach: Hafedh Zouabi Tunisia national handball team The Tunisian national handball team (), nicknamed ""Les Aigles de Carthage (The Eagles of Carthage or The Carthage Eagles)"", is the national handball team of Tunisia. It is governed by the Tunisian Handball Federation and takes part in international handball competitions. The Tunisian handball League was founded in 1953. In 1957, the Tunisians founded the Tunisian handball Federation,"
"The club was active in Cycling, Football, Basketball, Volleyball, Weightlifting، Wrestling, Swimming and ping pong. After early success in football; the club was inevitably renamed. TAJ was new name, means crown, the crown traditionally represents power, legitimacy, victory, triumph, honor, and glory, as well as immortality, righteousness, and resurrection. In Persian literature Taj is more than a sign of monarchy and usually refers to highest point or best thing; for example Taj Mahal. Fans calls Esteghlal: Taj-e Asia (Crown of Asia). After Iranian Revolution in 1979 all things those have relation with monarchy was not tolerated and after three years"
"football began with reigning Ligue 1 and French Cup champions clashing in the 2010 Trophée des Champions, a competition that raised great expectations in Tunisia, where local fans bet on Hatem Ben Arfa's Olympique, of Tunisian origin. It was the 74th time Le Classique rivals Olympique de Marseille and Paris Saint-Germain played against each other and was the second match, the first being the 2006 French Cup Final, in the rivalry's history to be contested at neither the Stade Vélodrome nor the Parc des Princes. Marseille, backed by their League title and the League Cup, started as theoretical favourites, though"
"Tunisia national basketball team The Tunisian national basketball team (), nicknamed ""Les Aigles de Carthage (The Eagles of Carthage or The Carthage Eagles)"", is the national basketball team of Tunisia. The team is governed by the Tunisia Basketball Federation (FTBB). () When Tunisia became the 2011 African Basketball Champion, it was the first North African country to do so in almost 30 years. To date, they have 19 appearances at the FIBA Africa Championship, ranking them behind only traditional African powers Senegal, Côte d'Ivoire, and Egypt, in total appearances. In 2011, they won their first ever FIBA Africa Championship, after"
"police and security forces against demonstrators. The protests were sparked by the self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi on 17 December 2010 and led to the ousting of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali 28 days later on 14 January 2011, when he officially resigned after fleeing to Saudi Arabia, ending 23 years in power. In the Western media, these events were commonly named the ""Jasmine Revolution"", but the name was not generally adopted in Tunisia itself. where the name generally used is the ""Dignity Revolution"" () (""""). Following the overthrow of Ben Ali, Tunisians elected a Constituent Assembly to draft a"
"several French cities and the French Socialist Party voiced support for the popular revolution. The protests and resultant political crisis have generally been called the ""Jasmine revolution""' only in the foreign media. Tunisian philosopher Youssef Seddik deemed the term inappropriate because the violence that accompanied the event was ""perhaps as deep as Bastille Day,"" and although the term was coined by the Tunisian journalist Zied El Hani, who first used it on his blog on 13 January and initially spread via social media such as Facebook (hence ""Revolution Facebook"" amongst the youth of Tunisia), it is not in widespread use"
"for Tunisia since beating Mexico 3-1 in 1978. After the independence of Tunisia in 1956, the Tunisian national stadium was Stade Chedly Zouiten which has a capacity of 18,000 and hosted all the matches of the Tunisian team, it hosted also the 1965, 1994 African Cup of Nations and the 1977 FIFA World Youth Championship before it was replaced after the construction of Stade El Menzah (45,000) in 1967 for the 1967 Mediterranean Games. Tunisia's first match at the stadium was played on 8 September 1967 against Libya. Tunisia won the match 3–0. This stadium became the new stronghold of"
"Tunisian Ba'ath Movement The Tunisian Ba'ath Movement ( ""Haraket Al-Ba'ath Al-Tounisi""; French: ""Mouvement Baath tunisien"") is a political party in Tunisia. It is the Tunisian regional branch of the Iraqi-led Ba'ath Party. The first Ba'athist branch in Tunisia, then under the unified Ba'ath Party, was established in 1955; however, the Ba'ath Party was outlawed under Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. Following the Tunisian Revolution, the ""Tunisian Ba'ath Movement"" was established at its First Congress on 3–5 June 2011 and legally registered on 22 January 2011. However, Ba'athists have been active in underground politics since the 1950s. The Ba'ath Movement marked"
"was held in Tunis in 1912 with the participation of thousands of French gymnasts. Football made its appearance in the capital on 15 September 1904, followed by the formal creation of the country's first league, the Racing Club Tunis, on 11 May 1905. It took some time to run properly but soon organized meetings between the teams in schools. The first took place on 9 June 1907, between teams from Lycée Alaoui and Lycée Carnot (1–1). But football is not the only discipline to emerge. Between 1928 and 1955 the city hosted nine rounds of the Grand Prix of Tunis,"
"Democratic Constitutional Rally The Democratic Constitutional Rally or Democratic Constitutional Assembly ( ', , sometimes also called Constitutional Democratic Rally in English), also referred to by its French initials RCD, formerly called Neo Destour then Socialist Destourian Party, was the ruling party in Tunisia from independence in 1956 until it was overthrown and dissolved in the Tunisian revolution in 2011. In 1920, Tunisian nationalists formed the Destour (Constitutional) Party in opposition to French rule. As the party developed, a schism occurred within the party, leading to the founding of the Neo Destour Party in 1934 by Habib Bourguiba and several"
"officially resigned after fleeing to Saudi Arabia, ending 23 years in power. Labour unions were said to be an integral part of the protests. The Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet was awarded the 2015 Nobel Peace Prize for ""its decisive contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia in the wake of the Tunisian Revolution of 2011"". The protests inspired similar actions throughout the Arab world. On 22 March 2011 the Maghrebi Republican Party (PRM) was founded by Mohamed Bouebdelli, head of the Free University of Tunis, under the name of Maghrebi Liberal Party and it changed its name"
"Tunisian Revolution The Tunisian Revolution was an intensive campaign of civil resistance, including a series of street demonstrations taking place in Tunisia, and led to the ousting of longtime president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in January 2011. It eventually led to a thorough democratization of the country and to free and democratic elections. The demonstrations were caused by high unemployment, food inflation, corruption, a lack of political freedoms like freedom of speech and poor living conditions. The protests constituted the most dramatic wave of social and political unrest in Tunisia in three decades and resulted in scores of deaths"
"to speak for the interests of their countrymen. They sought for equality and demanded for rights in accordance with the terms of the protectorate. In 1909 they were joined by Abdelaziz Thâalbi, and the movement acquired a religious as well as a constitutional character, with an Arabic as well as a French edition of """"Le Tunisien"""". The popularity of the new party was demonstrated in 1911, when it protested against the Italian invasion of Libya. In November 1911, a riot, quelled by troops, led to the proclamation of a state of siege. When in February 1912 an Italian tram-driver knocked"
"death on 4 January 2011 brought together various groups dissatisfied with the existing system, including many unemployed, political and human rights activists, labor, trade unionists, students, professors, lawyers, and others to begin the Tunisian Revolution. The series of protests and demonstrations across the Middle East and North Africa that commenced in 2010, became known as the ""Arab Spring"", and sometimes as the ""Arab Spring and Winter"", ""Arab Awakening"" or ""Arab Uprisings"" even though not all the participants in the protests were Arab. It was sparked by the first protests that occurred in Tunisia on 18 December 2010 in Sidi Bouzid,"
"Tunisia began, he was arrested by Tunisian police. Three days later, Ben Amor was released, after being forced to sign a statement to no longer make any political songs. After the overthrow of Ben Ali, his songs enjoyed enormous popularity in Tunisia, particularly ""Rais Lebled"" which became known as the anthem of the revolution and gained him international recognition. Hamada Ben Amor Hamada Ben Amor (), better known by his stage name El Général (), is a Tunisian rap musician. His song ""Rais Lebled"", released in December 2010, has been described as the ""anthem of the Jasmine Revolution"". Ben Amor"
"his teens, when discovered a renewed interest in his Tunisian roots. As a street artist, he took the name ""elSeed"" from the French play, ""El Cid,"" which his teacher was reading to his class in school. The name, El Cid, in turn, is based on the Arabic term, ""Al Sayed"", which means ""the man."" He cites the 2011 Tunisian Revolution as a major factor in the opening of political space to alternate forms of expression. ""The revolution pushed people to be more creative because before they were scared – and now they have more freedom."" He created his first large-scale"
"to other Arab countries, became known as the Arab Spring. Neo Destour The New Constitutional Liberal Party (, '; French: ""Nouveau Parti libéral constitutionnel""), most commonly known as Neo Destour, was a Tunisian political party that was founded by a group of Tunisian nationalist politicians during the French protectorate. The party was formed as a result of a split from the pre-existing Destour party in 1934, during the Ksar Hellal Congress of March 2. Several leaders were particularly prominent during the party's early years before World War II: Habib Bourguiba, Mahmud Materi, Tahar Sfar, Bahri Guiga, and Salah ben Youssef."
"was constituted, which replaced the Beylical form of government. Tunisia became a one-party state, with Neo Destour as the ruling party under Prime Minister and later President Habib Bourguiba. Later the Neo Destour party was renamed the Socialist Destourian Party in 1964, to signal the government's commitment to a socialist phase of political-economic development. This phase failed to fulfill expectations, however, and was discontinued in 1969 with the dismissal of Ahmad ben Salah as economics minister by President Bourguiba. Socialist Destourian Party The Socialist Destourian Party ( """" ; ) was the ruling political party of Tunisia from 1964 to"
"Flag of Tunisia The red and white flag of Tunisia, adopted as national flag in 1959, has its origins in the naval ensign of the Kingdom of Tunis adopted in 1831 by Al-Husayn II ibn Mahmud. The Sun, star and crescent]] The Othman empire flag adopted in 1841. Until the mid-18th century, the design and significance of maritime flags flying on ships in Tunis are unknown. However, various sources have been able to distinguish certain similarities among the flags: they were designed with a crescent-oriented shape in the presence of the colors blue, green, red, and white. Thereafter, and until"
"were ignited by the Zaytuni university students. One result was that Bach Hamba and Tha'alibi reached an accord. A political party was begun, ""al-Ittihad al-Islami"", which thus expressed pan-Islamic leanings. Late in 1911 issues concerning a Muslim cemetery, the Jellaz, sparked large nationalist demonstrations in Tunis. The protests and riots left dozens of Tunisians and Europeans dead. The French declared martial law; they blamed political agitators. In 1912 further demonstrations led to the popular Tunis Tram Boycott. In response the French authorities closed the nationalist newspapers and sent into exile Tunisian leaders, e.g., Tha'alibi and Bach Hamba. Tha'alibi later would"