FIG. 6. IHC validation of DMPO adducts in diabetic mouse livers. Fluorescence detection of DMPO adducts in (A) nondiabetic and (B) diabetic mouse livers. Blue (DAPI) stain for cell nuclei (i). A goat anti-DMPO was used to detect DMPO-nitrone adducts and a donkey anti-goat IgG conjugated to Cy5 (Aves) was used to localize the immunocomplexes formed (red fluorescence) (ii). Enlarged regions from selected areas are shown in ii (iii). Nondiabetic mouse livers have some DMPO adducts in extracellular spaces. Diabetic mice have increased intracellular DMPO adducts, as well as within extracellular spaces. (A high-quality color representation of this figure is available in the online issue.)