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Chymotrypsin
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Chymotrypsin
Crystallographic structure of Bos taurus chymotrypsinogen[1]
Identifiers
EC number
3.4.21.1
CAS number
9004-07-3
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BRENDA entry
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Chymotrypsin C
Identifiers
EC number
3.4.21.2
CAS number
9036-09-3
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BRENDA entry
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Chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1, chymotrypsins A and B, alpha-chymar ophth, avazyme, chymar, chymotest, enzeon, quimar, quimotrase, alpha-chymar, alpha-chymotrypsin A, alpha-chymotrypsin) is a digestive enzyme component of pancreatic juice acting in the duodenum, where it performs proteolysis, the breakdown of proteins and polypeptides.[2] Chymotrypsin preferentially cleaves peptide amide bonds where the side chain of the amino acid N-terminal to the scissile amide bond (the P1 position) is a large hydrophobic amino acid (tyrosine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine). These amino acids contain an aromatic ring in their side chain that fits into a hydrophobic pocket (the S1 position) of the enzyme. It is activated in the presence of trypsin. The hydrophobic and shape complementarity between the peptide substrate P1 side chain and the enzyme S1 binding cavity accounts for the substrate specificity of this enzyme.[3][4] Chymotrypsin also hydrolyzes other amide bonds in peptides at slower rates, particularly those containing leucine and methionine at the P1 position.
Structurally, it is the archetypal structure for its superfamily, the PA clan of proteases.
Contents
[hide]
1 Activation
2 Mechanism of action and kinetics
3 Isozymes
4 See also
5 References
6 Further reading
7 External links
Activation[edit]
Chymotrypsin is synthesized in the pancreas by protein biosynthesis as a precursor called chymotrypsinogen that is enzymatically inactive. Trypsin activates chymotrypsinogen by cleaving peptidic bonds in positions Arg15 - Ile16 and produces π-chymotrypsin. In turn, aminic group (-NH3+) of the Ile16 residue interacts with the side chain of Glu194, producing the "oxyanion hole" and the hydrophobic "S1 pocket". Moreover, chymotrypsin induces its own activation by cleaving in positions 14-15, 146-147, and 148-149, producing α-chymotrypsin (which is more active and stable than π-chymotrypsin).[citation needed] The resulting molecule is a three-polypeptide molecule interconnected via disulfide bonds.
Mechanism of action and kinetics[edit]
See also: Catalytic triad
In vivo, chymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme (serine protease) acting in the digestive systems of many organisms. It facilitates the cleavage of peptide bonds by a hydrolysis reaction, which despite being thermodynamically favorable, occurs extremely slowly in the absence of a catalyst. The main substrates of chymotrypsin are peptide bonds in which the amino acid N-terminal to the bond is a tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine, or leucine. Like many proteases, chymotrypsin also hydrolyses amide bonds in vitro, a virtue that enabled the use of substrate analogs such as N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine p-nitrophenyl amide for enzyme assays.
Mechanism of peptide bond cleavage in α-chymotrypsin
Chymotrypsin cleaves peptide bonds by attacking the unreactive carbonyl group with a powerful nucleophile, the serine 195 residue located in the active site of the enzyme, which briefly becomes covalently bonded to the substrate, forming an enzyme-substrate intermediate. Along with histidine 57 and aspartic acid 102, this serine residue constitutes the catalytic triad of the active site.
These findings rely on inhibition assays and the study of the kinetics of cleavage of the aforementioned substrate, exploiting the fact that the enzyme-substrate intermediate p-nitrophenolate has a yellow colour, enabling measurement of its concentration by measuring light absorbance at 410 nm.
The reaction of chymotrypsin with its substrate was found to take place in two stages, an initial “burst” phase at the beginning of the reaction and a steady-state phase following Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The mode of action of chymotrypsin explains this as hydrolysis takes place in two steps. First, acylation of the substrate to form an acyl-enzyme intermediate, and then deacylation to return the enzyme to its original state. This occurs via the concerted action of the three-amino-acid residues in the catalytic triad.[5] Aspartate hydrogen bonds to the N-δ hydrogen of histidine, increasing the pKa of its ε nitrogen, thus making it able to deprotonate serine. This deprotonation allows the serine side chain to act as a nucleophile and bind to the electron-deficient carbonyl carbon of the protein main chain. Ionization of the carbonyl oxygen is stabilized by formation of two hydrogen bonds to adjacent main chain N-hydrogens. This occurs in the oxyanion hole. This forms a tetrahedral adduct and breakage of the peptide bond. An acyl-enzyme intermediate, bound to the serine, is formed, and the newly formed amino terminus of the cleaved protein can dissociate. In the second reaction step, a water molecule is activated by the basic histidine, and acts as a nucleophile. The oxygen of water attacks the carbonyl carbon of the serine-bound acyl group, resulting in formation of a second tetrahedral adduct, regeneration of the serine -OH group, and release of a proton, as well as the protein fragment with the newly formed carboxyl terminus [5]
Isozymes[edit]
Chymotrypsinogen B1
Identifiers
Symbol
CTRB1
Entrez
1504
HUGO
2521
OMIM
118890
RefSeq
NM_001906
UniProt
P17538
Other data
EC number
3.4.21.1
Locus
Chr. 16 q23.1
Chymotrypsinogen B2
Identifiers
Symbol
CTRB2
Entrez
440387
HUGO
2522
RefSeq
NM_001025200
UniProt
Q6GPI1
Other data
EC number
3.4.21.1
Locus
Chr. 16 q22.3
Chymotrypsin C (caldecrin)
Identifiers
Symbol
CTRC
Entrez
11330
HUGO
2523
OMIM
601405
RefSeq
NM_007272
UniProt
Q99895
Other data
EC number
3.4.21.2
Locus
Chr. 1 p36.21
See also[edit]
Trypsin
PA clan of proteases
References[edit]
Jump up ^ PDB: 1CHG; Freer ST, Kraut J, Robertus JD, Wright HT, Xuong NH (April 1970). "Chymotrypsinogen: 2.5-angstrom crystal structure, comparison with alpha-chymotrypsin, and implications for zymogen activation". Biochemistry. 9 (9): 1997–2009. doi:10.1021/bi00811a022. PMID 5442169.
Jump up ^ Wilcox PE (1970). "Chymotrypsinogens — chymotrypsins". Methods in Enzymology. Methods in Enzymology. 19: 64–108. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(70)19007-0. ISBN 978-0-12-181881-4.
Jump up ^ Appel W (December 1986). "Chymotrypsin: molecular and catalytic properties". Clin. Biochem. 19 (6): 317–22. doi:10.1016/S0009-9120(86)80002-9. PMID 3555886.
Jump up ^ Berger A, Schechter I (February 1970). "Mapping the active site of papain with the aid of peptide substrates and inhibitors". Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 257 (813): 249–64. doi:10.1098/rstb.1970.0024. PMID 4399049.
^ Jump up to: a b Petsko, Gregory; Ringe, Dagmar (2009). Protein Structure and Function. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 78–79. ISBN 978-0-19-955684-7.
Further reading[edit]
Stryer L, Berg JM, Tymoczko JL (2002). Biochemistry. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-4684-0.
Grisham CM, Reginald H (2005). Biochemistry. Australia: Thomson Brooks/Cole. ISBN 0-534-49033-6.
External links[edit]
The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: S01.001
Chymotrypsin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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Gillian Anderson
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Gillian Anderson
OBE
Anderson at the 2017 Berlin Film Festival
Born
Gillian Leigh Anderson
(1968-08-09) August 9, 1968 (age 49)
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Residence
London, England, UK
Alma mater
DePaul University, B.F.A. 1990
Occupation
Actress, writer, producer, director
Years active
1986–present
Spouse(s)
Clyde Klotz (m. 1994–97)
Julian Ozanne (m. 2004–06)
Partner(s)
Mark Griffiths (2006–12)
Children
3
Awards
Full list
Website
gilliananderson.ws
Gillian Leigh Anderson, OBE (born August 9, 1968)[1][2] is an American-British film, television and theatre actress, activist and writer. Her credits include the roles of FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the long-running and widely popular series The X-Files, ill-fated socialite Lily Bart in Terence Davies' film The House of Mirth (2000), and DSI Stella Gibson on the BBC crime drama television series The Fall. Among other honours, Anderson has won a Primetime Emmy Award, a Golden Globe Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards. She has lived in London, England since 2002, after earlier years divided between this city and places in the United States.
After beginning her career on stage, Anderson achieved international recognition for her role as FBI Special Agent Dana Scully on the American sci-fi drama series The X-Files. Her film work includes the dramas The Mighty Celt (2005), The Last King of Scotland (2006), Shadow Dancer (2012), Viceroy's House (2017) and two X-Files films: The X-Files: Fight the Future (1998) and The X-Files: I Want to Believe (2008). Other notable television credits include: Lady Dedlock in Bleak House (2005), Wallis Simpson in Any Human Heart (2010), Miss Havisham in Great Expectations (2011), Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier on Hannibal (2013–2015), and Media on American Gods (2017–present).
Aside from film and television, Anderson has taken on the stage and received both awards and critical acclaim. Her stage work includes Absent Friends (1991) – for which she won a Theatre World Award for Best Newcomer, A Doll's House (2009) – that earned her a Laurence Olivier Award nomination, and a portrayal of Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire (2014, 2016) – for which she won the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress and received her second Laurence Olivier Award nomination for Best Actress. Anderson is the co-writer of The EarthEnd Saga novel trilogy and the self-help guide book WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere.
Anderson has been active in supporting numerous charities and humanitarian organizations. She is an honorary spokesperson for the Neurofibromatosis Network and a co-founder of South African Youth Education for Sustainability (SAYes). Anderson was appointed an honorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2016 for her services to drama.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 1990s
2.2 2000s
2.3 2010s
2.3.1 Upcoming projects
3 Personal life
4 Activism and charity work
4.1 Neurofibromatosis
4.2 Africa and SAYes
4.3 Women's rights
4.4 Children's rights
4.5 Indigenous rights
4.6 Animals rights and environmental advocacy
5 Filmography
5.1 Film
5.2 Television
5.3 Video games
5.4 Music videos
6 Stage
7 Radio
8 Other voice work
9 Bibliography
10 Discography
11 Awards and honours
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links
Early life[edit]
Anderson was born in Chicago, Illinois, the daughter of Rosemary "Posie" Alyce (née Lane), a computer analyst, and Homer Edward "Ed" Anderson III, who owned a film post-production company.[3][4] She is of English, German, and Irish ancestry.[5] Soon after her birth, her parents moved to Puerto Rico for 15 months, then to London, England. The family relocated so that her father could attend the London Film School.[6] During her childhood, she lived in north London's Crouch End and Harringay.[7] She was a pupil of Coleridge Primary School.[8] When Anderson was 11 years old, her family returned to the United States, settling in Grand Rapids, Michigan.[9] They continued to keep a flat in London, and spent their summers there.[10] Anderson later said that she has always intended to return to England.[11] In Grand Rapids, she attended Fountain Elementary and City High-Middle School, a program for gifted students with a strong emphasis on the humanities.[12]
"We were in a small Republican town. There were only six punks there. We were weird. It's not like London."
—Anderson on her teenage years in Grand Rapids[13]
Following the move to Grand Rapids, Anderson went through a rebellious stage as a teenager; experimenting with drugs, dating a much older boyfriend, and cultivating a punk appearance (dyeing her hair various colors, shaving the sides of her head, sporting a nose piercing and an all-black wardrobe).[10][12][14] She was put in therapy at the age of 14.[13] Anderson listened to bands such as Dead Kennedys and Skinny Puppy. She was voted by her classmates as "class clown", "most bizarre girl" and "most likely to be arrested". She was, in fact, arrested on graduation night for breaking and entering into her high school in an attempt to glue the locks of the doors.[15] She later managed to reduce the charges to trespassing.[16]
At an early age Anderson was interested in marine biology, but after becoming interested in theatre during her teenage years, she began acting in high school productions during her freshman year and later in community theatre.[12] She also served as a student intern at the Grand Rapids Civic Theatre & School of Theatre Arts.[17] After graduating from high school in 1986, she attended The Theatre School at DePaul University in Chicago, where she earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1990.[18] Anderson also participated in the National Theatre of Great Britain's summer program at Cornell University.[12] To support herself financially during her student years, she worked at the Goose Island Brewpub in Chicago. After Anderson became famous, the brewery named one of their beers after her – a Belgian Style Farmhouse Ale, simply called "Gillian".[11]
Anderson is the eldest of three siblings. Her brother Aaron – who was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis – died in 2011 of a brain tumor, at the age of 30. Aaron was a DJ, a mentor, and a practicing Buddhist. He was in his second year of a PhD program in Developmental Psychology at Stanford University when he was diagnosed with glioblastoma in 2008.[19][20] Her sister Zoe is a ceramicist, whom Anderson calls "an exceptional artist".[21] Zoe is openly gay and is married to her partner.[22]
Anderson is bidialectal.[23] With her English accent and background, she was mocked and felt out of place as a teenager in the American Midwest and soon adopted a Midwestern accent. To this day, she easily shifts between her American and English accents.[24][23] In May 2013, during an interview with BlogTalkRadio, Anderson addressed the matter of her national identity: "I've been asked whether I feel more like a Brit than an American and I don't know what the answer to that question is. I know that I feel that London is home and I'm very happy with that as my home. I love London as a city and I feel very comfortable there. In terms of identity, I'm still a bit baffled."[25]
Career[edit]
Anderson at the stage door for the play The Sweetest Swing in Baseball at the Royal Court Theatre, 2004
1990s[edit]
Anderson moved to New York when she was 22 years old. To support herself as she started her career, she worked as a waitress.[26] She began her career in Alan Ayckbourn's play Absent Friends at the Manhattan Theatre Club alongside Brenda Blethyn;[27] for her role she won the 1990–91 Theatre World Award for "Best Newcomer".[28] Her next theatrical role was in Christopher Hampton's The Philanthropist at the Long Wharf Theatre in New Haven, Connecticut.[29]
Anderson moved to Los Angeles in 1992, and spent a year auditioning. The same year, she appeared in her first feature-length film The Turning, starring Karen Allen and Tess Harper – the film drama is an adaptation of the play Home Fires Burning. Although she had once vowed she would never do television, being out of work for a year changed her mind. Anderson recalled: "First of all, I swore I'd never move to Los Angeles, and once I did, I swore I'd never do television. It was only after being out of work for almost a year that I began going in [to auditions] on some stuff that I would pray that I wouldn't get because I didn't want to be involved in it."[26] She broke into mainstream television in 1993, with a guest appearance on the collegiate drama, Class of '96, on the fledgling Fox Network.[6]
As a result of this guest appearance, Anderson was sent the script for The X-Files. She was 24 when she decided to audition because, "for the first time in a long time, the script involved a strong, independent, intelligent woman as a lead character."[30] Producer Chris Carter wanted to hire her, but Fox wanted someone with previous television exposure and greater sex appeal.[26] Fox sent in more actresses, but Carter stood by Anderson, and she was eventually cast as FBI Special Agent Dana Scully. Anderson got the part assuming it would run for 13 episodes, the standard minimum order for American television networks. Filmed for the first five seasons in Vancouver before moving to Los Angeles, the series ran for nine seasons. Two related films were also produced, released in 1998 and 2008. During her time on The X-Files, Anderson won numerous awards for her portrayal of Special Agent Scully, including an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series,[31] a Golden Globe for Best Actress in a Television Series Drama, two Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series and a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television. Anderson is the first actress to win an Emmy, a Golden Globe and a SAG Award in the same year.[32] For the role, she received a total of four Emmy nominations, four Golden Globe nominations and nine SAG nominations.[12]
Anderson was the first woman to write and direct an episode of the X-Files ("all things"). During The X-Files run – between the fifth and sixth seasons – Anderson co-starred in The X-Files: Fight the Future, a 1998 motion picture that continued The X-Files storyline. Anderson also provided the voice for a parody of her Scully character in "The Springfield Files", an episode of the animated comedy television series The Simpsons. While filming the X-Files, Anderson met assistant art director Clyde Klotz, who became her first husband.[12]
"We got a lot of letters all the time, and I was told quite frequently by girls who were going into the medical world or the science world or the FBI world or other worlds that I reigned, that they were pursuing those pursuits because of the character of Scully. And I said, 'Yay!'"
—Anderson on "The Scully Effect"[33]
Anderson's character on X-Files initiated a phenomenon referred to as "The Scully Effect"; as the medical doctor and the FBI Special Agent inspired many young women to pursue careers in science, medicine and law enforcement. It contributed to the increase in the number of women in those fields.[34][35] "The Scully Effect" remains a subject of academic inquiry.[36]
In 1996, Anderson narrated the television documentaries Spies Above[37] and Why Planes Go Down.[38] While hosting the BBC documentary series Future Fantastic, she became impressed by the theme music of the show, by the electronic duo Hal and initiated a collaboration with them. In 1997, Anderson provided spoken word vocals and starred in the music video for their single “Extremis”, which was frequently aired on MTV. She also helped to assemble an album of electronic music, Future: A Journey Through The Electronic Underground, for Virgin Records, which won praise from European music critics.[39][40]
In 1997, Anderson appeared in the independent film Chicago Cab. In 1998, she starred in the film Playing by Heart with Sean Connery, Angelina Jolie, Ellen Burstyn and Jon Stewart.[6] Anderson also had a supporting role in the film The Mighty with Gena Rowlands, Harry Dean Stanton, James Gandolfini and Sharon Stone.[6] In 1999, Anderson had a supporting role in the English-language release of Hayao Miyazaki's Princess Mononoke, where she voiced the character of Moro. Anderson is a fan of Studio Ghibli and Miyazaki's work.[41] She also took part in Eve Ensler's The Vagina Monologues.[42]
2000s[edit]
Anderson at the 2008 WonderCon
In 2000, Anderson starred in the film The House of Mirth with Eric Stoltz – Terence Davies' adaptation of the Edith Wharton novel of the same name – for which she won critical acclaim and awards such as the British Independent Film Award for Best Actress, Village Voice Film Poll Best Lead Performance, and a nomination for the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress.
When The X-Files ended in 2002, she moved back to London for a complete change of pace and the opportunity to return to the stage.[43][44] In 2002, Anderson made her West End debut in Michael Weller's play What The Night Is For at the Comedy Theatre.[45] In 2004, Anderson starred in the Royal Court Theatre's production of Rebecca Gilman's play The Sweetest Swing in Baseball, as artist Dana Fielding who assumes the personality of the troubled baseball player Darryl Strawberry – a role for which she earned rave reviews.[46][47]
In 2005, she appeared as Lady Dedlock in the BBC adaptation of Charles Dickens' novel Bleak House. She had a starring role in the Irish film The Mighty Celt, for which she won an IFTA award for Best International Actress.[48] The same year she also appeared in A Cock and Bull Story with Steve Coogan and Rob Brydon – a film version of the novel Tristram Shandy. In 2006, Anderson won the Broadcasting Press Guild Television and Radio Award for Best Actress for her role in Bleak House.[49] She was nominated for a British Academy Television Award (BAFTA) for Best Actress, she also received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie, a nomination for a Golden Globe, a Satellite Award nomination, and came in second place in the Best Actress category of the 2005 BBC Drama website poll for her portrayal of Lady Dedlock in the adaptation.[50]
During 2006 and 2007, Anderson appeared in two British films: The Last King of Scotland with Forest Whitaker and James McAvoy,[51] (2006) and Straightheads with Danny Dyer (2007).[52] In 2008, Anderson hosted Masterpiece Theatre during the Jane Austen series;[53] she was the first woman to host the series since it began in 1971.[54] The same year, Anderson starred in the second X-Files film, The X-Files: I Want to Believe[55] and appeared alongside Simon Pegg in the British comedy film How to Lose Friends & Alienate People. In 2009, she starred in the British comedy film Boogie Woogie with Alan Cumming, Danny Huston and Stellan Skarsgård.
She portrayed Nora in Ibsen's A Doll's House at the Donmar Warehouse in London's West End during a limited engagement which ran from May 14, 2009, until July 18, 2009.[56] Anderson received a nomination for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress, for productions which opened in the 2009 calendar year, for her portrayal of Nora.[57]
2010s[edit]
Anderson at the 2013 San Diego Comic Con International
In November 2010, Anderson portrayed Wallis, Duchess of Windsor in Any Human Heart – a television adaptation of William Boyd’s novel of the same name, for which she was nominated for a BAFTA for Best Supporting Actress on Television. In April 2011, she starred in the BBC adaptation The Crimson Petal and the White as Mrs. Castaway, for which she was nominated for the Broadcasting Press Guild Award for Best Actress. In August 2011, she appeared in the television miniseries Moby Dick based on Herman Melville's 1851 novel, as Elisabeth, Ahab’s wife. The same year, Anderson appeared as the head of MI7, Pamela Thornton, in the British comedy Johnny English Reborn. She starred as Miss Havisham in a three-part BBC adaptation of Great Expectations that aired in late December 2011.[58] For her portrayal in the adaptation she won the Artistic Excellence Award,[59] was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries and for the Broadcasting Press Guild Award for Best Actress.[60]
In 2012, Anderson appeared in a Swiss drama film, Sister, and in Shadow Dancer – a British-Irish drama film based on the novel of the same name, about the Irish republican movement. Anderson voiced the character of Dr. Miki Hokuto in the English-language version of Studio Ghibli's From Up On Poppy Hill, which was released In March 2013. The same year, she starred in the Canadian techno-thriller I'll Follow You Down and appeared in Mr. Morgan's Last Love with Michael Caine.
In May 2013, Anderson began starring as DSI Stella Gibson in The Fall, a critically acclaimed crime drama series for BBC Two and RTÉ One.[61][62] Anderson was praised for her portrayal of the cool, self-assured Gibson,[63] and was nominated for several awards.[64][65][66] She also became an executive producer for the programme from its second series.[67][68] Between 2013 and 2015, Anderson played Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier, Hannibal Lecter's psychiatrist, on the NBC series Hannibal. In 2014, Anderson was promoted from a recurring character during the first two seasons, to a series regular for the third season.[69] In 2014, Anderson starred in the British independent science fiction film Robot Overlords alongside Sir Ben Kingsley. That year, she also appeared in Jeffrey D. Brown's drama Sold, portraying Sophia, a character based on the humanitarian photographer Lisa Kristine. The film presents the issues of child trafficking and sexual slavery in India, and is based on Patricia McCormick's novel of the same name.[70]
In July 2014, Anderson gained critical acclaim for her stage performance as Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams at the Young Vic Theatre in London.[71] She won the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress and received her second Laurence Olivier Award nomination for Best Actress. The production became the fastest-selling show in the theatre's history, and the run was extended by two weeks due to the demand for tickets.[72] In the first collaboration between the Young Vic Theatre and National Theatre Live, the show was broadcast live to over 1100 venues on 16 September 2014.[73] Thus far, it has been screened in more than 2000 venues.[7] In February 2015, Anderson directed and starred in a short film prequel to A Streetcar Named Desire, titled The Departure, written by novelist Andrew O'Hagan. This is part of the Young Vic's short film series, which is produced in collaboration with The Guardian.[74]
Anderson at the 2017 Berlin Film Festival
In October 2014, Anderson published her first book, A Vision of Fire, co-authored with Jeff Rovin. The book is the first novel of what has developed as The EarthEnd Saga trilogy. The publisher describes it as "a science fiction thriller of epic proportions".[75][76] In December 2015, Anderson and Rovin published their second novel of the trilogy, A Dream of Ice.[77] In January 2016, Anderson portrayed Anna Pavlovna Scherer in BBC One's television adaptation War & Peace.[78] The same month, she returned to portray FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the six-episode tenth season of The X-Files.[79] Anderson has fought and succeeded in securing equal pay with her male co-star on The X-Files in the ’90s and again in 2015, when negotiating her salary with the network. She has been outspoken about the ongoing issue throughout the years.[80]
From April 23, 2016 through June 4, 2016, Anderson reprised her role of Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire on stage at the new St. Ann's Warehouse in Brooklyn, New York.[81] On September 13, 2016, Anderson and Rovin published The Sound of Seas; their third and final novel of The EarthEnd Saga trilogy.[82] The same month, she returned to portraying DSI Stella Gibson in the third series of The Fall.[83] Anderson is the narrator of the English dub of Ronja the Robber’s Daughter – Studio Ghibli's anime, which began streaming on Amazon Prime in January, 2017.[84] In February 2017, Anderson portrayed Edwina Mountbatten in Gurinder Chadha's Partition drama film Viceroy's House (2017).[85]
On March 7, 2017, Anderson and the journalist-activist Jennifer Nadel published their self-help guide book for women, titled WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere.[86] Anderson stated that the book is a "call-out to all women around the world – and by women I include girls, transgender, anyone who identifies themselves as being intrinsically female."[87] In April 2017, she began playing goddess Media in American Gods – a television series adaptation of Neil Gaiman's science fiction novel of the same name. The role calls on Anderson to portray various popular entertainment figures, including: Lucille Ball, Marilyn Monroe, David Bowie, and Judy Garland.[88] In October 2017, Anderson appeared alongside Glenn Close and Christina Hendricks in Crooked House – a film adaptation of Agatha Christie's novel of the same name.[89]
Upcoming projects[edit]
In October 2015, it was revealed that Anderson will portray the role of Captain MacLaren in Star Citizen's single-player component Squadron 42.[90] In April 2017, it was announced that Anderson will be returning in the eleventh season of The X-Files.[91]
Personal life[edit]
Anderson pregnant with her son Felix at the premiere of The X-Files: I Want to Believe, July 25, 2008
Anderson is an avid art collector. She spent her first paycheck from the X-Files to purchase an art piece, a David Blackburn lithograph.[92] Her collection includes work by artists such as Diane Arbus, Helen Levitt, Cindy Sherman, Francesco Clemente, Alexis Rockman and Kiki Smith.[93][94][17] Anderson enjoys architecture and interior design; she periodically works on floor and house planning projects.[95] She has also expressed a desire to pursue mixed media ventures in the future.[96]
Anderson married her first husband, Clyde Klotz, an X-Files assistant art director, on New Year's Day 1994, in Hawaii in a Buddhist ceremony. Their daughter, Piper Maru, was born on September 25, 1994.[6][12] Showrunner Chris Carter, Piper's godfather, named the X-Files episode of the same name after her. Anderson and Klotz divorced in 1997.[12] On December 29, 2004, Anderson married Julian Ozanne, a documentary filmmaker, on Lamu Island, off the coast of Kenya. Anderson announced their separation on April 21, 2006.[97] Anderson and former boyfriend, businessman Mark Griffiths, have two sons: Oscar, born on November 1, 2006[98] and Felix, born on October 15, 2008.[99] She ended their relationship in 2012.[100]
In March 2012, Anderson told Out magazine about her past relationships with women.[14] Anderson identifies as heterosexual.[101][102] In an interview with the London Evening Standard in December 2014, she stated: "I am an actively heterosexual woman who celebrates however people want to express their sexuality."[7] In an interview with The Daily Telegraph in March 2015, Anderson said that she was not closed to the idea of entering another same-sex relationship, adding: "To me a relationship is about loving another human being; their gender is irrelevant."[103]
Anderson identifies as a feminist.[104][105] In an August 2014 interview with Glamour magazine, Anderson said: "I have feminist bones and when I hear things or see people react to women in certain ways I have very little tolerance."[106] Anderson has several tattoos; all of them, as she described, are in some way about "peace of mind, right mind, right action".[15] She practices meditation daily.[107]
Anderson resides in London, England with her three children, where she has lived since 2002.[44]
Activism and charity work[edit]
Anderson and Bill Nighy during Jo Cox's birthday memorial at Trafalgar Square in London, June 22, 2016
Anderson has been active in supporting numerous charity organizations, global and social causes, as well as running her own humanitarian ventures. She supports The Trevor Project organization, focused on suicide prevention efforts among LGBTQ youth and attended three of the Trevor Project's "Cracked X-Mas" events to benefit the organization.[108][109] In 2013, Anderson was made a patron of the Charles Dickens Statue Fund, and was instrumental in securing the funding for UK's first Dickens statue, located in Portsmouth, Hampshire.[110] In June, 2016 Anderson become a patron of the Temple Legal Centre, a London-based organization that assists people through the legal process by providing them free family law advice and support.[111] In June 2016, Anderson expressed her support for the United Kingdom to remain a member of the European Union in the run-up to June's referendum on that issue.[112][113]
Neurofibromatosis[edit]
Anderson is an honorary spokesperson for the Neurofibromatosis Network. She often holds auctions with the profits benefiting the NF Network.[114] Her brother Aaron died from the disease in 2011.[22][19] In May 1996, Anderson addressed the United States Congress urging for more education and funding for NF research projects.[115] She partners with Doodle 4 NF – an annual fundraiser for the NF Network.[116] She also supported the Children with Tumours organization[117] and the Global Genes movement, which is devoted to helping children with NF.[118]
Africa and SAYes[edit]
Anderson during Buskaid charity event at St Mary's, Bryanston Square in London, July 10, 2004
In 2008, Anderson co-founded South African Youth Education for Sustainability (SAYes), which aids in empowering marginalised young people in South Africa through youth mentoring. The nonprofit organization provides youth leaving children's homes with guidance that enables them to develop their skills, further their education, and source suitable housing in order to participate in society as independent adults.[119]
While filming The Last King of Scotland in 2005, Anderson started a crowdfunding venture that benefited the Alinyiikira Junior School in Kampala, Uganda. She ran the philanthropic project until 2011.[120] Anderson is a member of the board of directors for Artists for a New South Africa[121][122] and a campaigner for ACTSA: Action for Southern Africa.[123][124] She was a patron of the Friends of Treatment Action Campaign (FoTAC) which worked with the Treatment Action Campaign in South Africa to ensure greater access to treatment to reduce the effects of HIV and prevent new infections.[125] Anderson also supported Buskaid – a charitable trust aiming to help young black musicians in South Africa.[126][127]
Women's rights[edit]
Anderson is a supporter of various women's organizations and social movements. She has been a long-time supporter of the Feminist Majority Foundation (FMF). In 1996, Anderson became FMF's spokesperson and participated as a team leader in the FMF's Million4Roe campaign. In March 1999, she attended an FMF event to stop gender apartheid in Afghanistan and in April 2002, she appeared on Hollywood Squares to benefit the FMF's campaign to aid Afghan women and girls.[128] Anderson participated in Eve Ensler's Vagina Monologues, including a stage performance on February 14, 1999.[42] Anderson is a supporter of Ensler's V-Day movement aiming to end violence against women and girls.[129]
Anderson is an advocate for reproductive rights. In 2001, she emceed the Rock for Choice concert fundraiser, featuring musicians Sarah McLachlan, Paula Cole, and Melissa Etheridge as well as actresses Helen Hunt, Ellen DeGeneres, Portia de Rossi, and Kathy Najimy. The concert supported reproductive options for unplanned pregnancies, including the morning-after pill.[130] For International Women's Day 2014, Anderson was one of the artist signatories of Amnesty International's letter to UK Prime Minister David Cameron campaigning for women's rights in Afghanistan.[131] In March 2015, Anderson backed the Women at the Well drop-in centre for vulnerable women in London, which is supported financially by Comic Relief.[132] Anderson supports the Refuge, a United Kingdom charity providing specialist support for women and children experiencing domestic violence.[133] For International Women's Day 2016, Anderson was one of the high-profile women that signed Burma Campaign UK's pledge to end and investigate crimes of sexual violence against girls and women in Myanmar.[134] Anderson is a speaker for Thomson Reuters Foundation's Trust Women Conference.[135]
Children's rights[edit]
Anderson is a patron of Childreach International, a London-based charity that works in partnership with local communities in the developing world to secure children's basic rights; she addressed the problem of child trafficking during the press for the Sold film that presents the issue. Anderson also supports their Taught Not Trafficked campaign that was launched in July 2014.[136][137] In 2015, Anderson became a patron of the International Literacy Centre (ILC) – European home of Reading Recovery.[138] In January 2016 she helped launch ILC's Reading Recovery Read Aloud campaign.[139] During February and March 2016, Anderson held an internet charity auction benefiting Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) children's hospital in the Bloomsbury area of London.[140] In March 2016, it was reported that Anderson is one of the artists sponsoring an unaccompanied refugee minor in the "Jungle" camp in Calais.[141] In July 2017, Anderson was awarded a UCL Honorary Fellowship for her support of the International Literacy Centre's Reading Recovery program.[142]
Indigenous rights[edit]
In late 2010, Anderson and other artists joined a campaign to boycott Botswana diamonds over the government's treatment of the Kalahari San.[143] Anderson supports tribal rights charity Survival International, an organization that champions tribal peoples around the world and in early 2010 she participated in a performance in a London stage fundraiser for its cause.[144] In February 2011, Anderson narrated a short film about recent footage of an uncontacted tribe, in which the Amazon Indians were spotted from the air on the Brazil-Peru border. Anderson has said: "What comes across powerfully from this amazing footage is how healthy and confident these people appear. I hope they can be left alone – but that will only happen if the loggers are stopped."[145] In June 2011, Anderson became an ambassador for Survival International.[146] In September 2015, Anderson was among the artists who signed a letter calling for a new approach to conservation that would respect tribal peoples' rights.[147]
Animals rights and environmental advocacy[edit]
Anderson is an active member of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and supports animal rights.[148] In 2006, Anderson was honoured with PETA's Humanitarian Award for her consistent work for the organization.[149] In October 2008, Anderson narrated for PETA a video of undercover footage from rabbit fur farms in China and France.[150][151] In April 2009, Anderson sent a letter – on behalf of PETA – to every Member of the European Parliament (MEP) urging to vote in favor of the proposed directive on the protection of animals used in scientific procedures.[152] In October 2010, Anderson participated in 10:10’s controversial short film, No Pressure, as part of the global warming mitigation campaign’s aim to encourage the reduction of CO2 emissions.
In 2012, she joined Greenpeace in standing with the people of Brazil for a zero deforestation law to save the Amazon.[153] In 2013, Anderson backed the Cheetah Conservation Fund by creating a short film together with the fund, advocating CCF's action to prevent the extinction of the cheetah.[154] In 2013, Anderson joined the Fishlove campaign, supporting the fight against unsustainable fishing practices that harm the marine ecosystem.[155] In October 2015, Anderson wrote a letter to the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare requesting a ban on repeat experiments on animals in toxicity tests.[156] In November 2015, Anderson was named a friend and supporter of Positive Luxury, a company that informs consumers on brands' commitment to quality, craftsmanship, service and sustainability.[157][158]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1986 Three at Once Woman 1 Short film
1988 Matter of Choice, AA Matter of Choice Young pregnant woman Short film
1992 Turning, TheThe Turning April Cavanaugh
1997 Chicago Cab Southside Girl or Brenda a.k.a. Hellcab
1998 The X-Files FBI Special Agent Dana Scully a.k.a. The X-Files: Fight the Future
Mighty, TheThe Mighty Loretta Lee
Playing by Heart Meredith
1999 Princess Mononoke Moro (voice) English dub
2000 House of Mirth, TheThe House of Mirth Lily Bart
2005 Mighty Celt, TheThe Mighty Celt Kate Morrison
Cock and Bull Story, AA Cock and Bull Story Herself/Widow Wadman
2006 Last King of Scotland, TheThe Last King of Scotland Sarah Merrit
2007 Straightheads Alice Comfort a.k.a. Closure
2008 X-Files: I Want to Believe, TheThe X-Files: I Want to Believe Dana Scully
How to Lose Friends & Alienate People Eleanor Johnson
2009 Boogie Woogie Jean Maclestone
2010 No Pressure Herself Short film
2011 Johnny English Reborn Pamela "Pegasus" Thornton
2012 Sister Kristin Jansen French title: L'Enfant d'en haut
Shadow Dancer Kate Fletcher
Room on the Broom Witch (voice)
2013 Mr. Morgan's Last Love Karen Morgan a.k.a. Last Love
From Up On Poppy Hill Dr. Miki Hokuto (voice) English dub
I'll Follow You Down Marika a.k.a. Continuum
2014 Sold Sophia
Robot Overlords Kate
2015 The Departure Blanche Dubois Short film, also director
2017 Viceroy's House Edwina Mountbatten
The Artist’s Garden: American Impressionism[159] Narrator Documentary
Crooked House Magda West
2018 The Spy Who Dumped Me Post-production
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1993 Class of '96 Rachel Episode: "The Accused"
1993–present X-Files, TheThe X-Files FBI Special Agent Dana Scully 208 episodes
Also writer and director of "all things"
1995 Eek! the Cat Agent Scully (voice) Episode: "Eek Space 9"
1996 ReBoot Data Nully (voice) Episode: "Trust No One"
Why Planes Go Down Narrator Documentary
Spies Above Narrator Documentary
Future Fantastic Narrator 9 episodes
1996–2002 Hollywood Squares Herself 5 episodes
1997 The Simpsons Agent Scully (voice) Episode: "The Springfield Files"
1999 Frasier Jenny (voice) Episode: "Dr. Nora"
Harsh Realm Narrator Uncredited
2005 Bleak House Lady Dedlock 14 episodes
2007 Robbie the Reindeer Queen Vorkana (voice) Episode: "Close Encounters of the Herd Kind"
2008 Masterpiece Herself Episode: "Sense and Sensibility"
2010 Any Human Heart Wallis, Duchess of Windsor 3 episodes
2011 The Crimson Petal and the White Mrs. Castaway 2 episodes
Moby Dick Elizabeth 2 episodes
Great Expectations Miss Havisham 3 episodes
2013–2016 The Fall DSI Stella Gibson 17 episodes
Also executive producer
2013–2015 Hannibal Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier 22 episodes
2014 Crisis Meg Fitch 13 episodes
Robot Chicken Fairy Godmother/Fiona (voice) Episode: "Up, Up, and Buffet"
National Theatre Live Blanche DuBois Episode: "A Streetcar Named Desire"
2015 Top Gear Herself Episode: "#22.6"
The Widowmaker Narrator Documentary
2016 War & Peace Anna Pavlovna Scherer 4 episodes
2017 Ronja the Robber's Daughter Narrator 26 episodes
2017–present American Gods Media 3 episodes
Video games[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1996 Hellbender E.V.E. (Enhanced Virtual Entity)
1998 The X-Files Game Dana Scully
2004 The X-Files: Resist or Serve Dana Scully
TBA Squadron 42 Captain MacLaren Post-production
Music videos[edit]
Year
Artist
Song
Director
Ref.
1997 Hal featuring Gillian Anderson "Extremis" David McNabb [160]
Stage[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Director
Playwright
Venue
Ref.
1983 Arsenic and Old Lace Officer Brophy Joseph Kesselring City High School, Grand Rapids, Michigan [161]
1990 A Flea in Her Ear Eugenie Georges Feydeau The Theatre School, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois [162]
1991 Absent Friends Evelyn Lynne Meadow Alan Ayckbourn Manhattan Theatre Club, New York [27]
1992 The Philanthropist Celia Gordon Edelstein Christopher Hampton Long Wharf Theatre, New Haven, Connecticut [29]
1999–2000 The Vagina Monologues Eve Ensler Eve Ensler Los Angeles & London [42]
2002–2003 What The Night Is For Melinda Metz John Caird Michael Weller Comedy Theatre, London [45]
2004 The Sweetest Swing in Baseball Dana Fielding Ian Rickson Rebecca Gilman Royal Court Theatre, London [47]
2009 A Doll's House Nora Helmer Zinnie Harris Henrik Ibsen Donmar Warehouse, London [56]
2010 We Are One: A celebration of tribal peoples Mark Rylance Joanna Eede (author) Apollo Theatre, London [144]
2013 Letters Live The Tabernacle, Notting Hill, London [163]
2014 A Streetcar Named Desire Blanche DuBois Benedict Andrews Tennessee Williams Young Vic, London [71]
2016 Letters Live Freemasons' Hall, London [164]
A Streetcar Named Desire Blanche DuBois Benedict Andrews Tennessee Williams St. Ann's Warehouse, New York City [81]
Letters Live Freemasons' Hall, London [165]
Radio[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Channel
Ref.
2007 84, Charing Cross Road Helene Hanff BBC Radio 4 [166]
Other voice work[edit]
Narrator of Anne Rice's novel Exit to Eden (1992).[167]
Narrator of The X-Files: Ground Zero (1997).[168]
Narrator of "The Guardian of the Pool: A Story from Nelson Mandela's Favorite African Folktales" (2009).[169]
Narrated the story "Reversal" from David Eagleman's speculative fiction book Sum: Forty Tales from the Afterlives (2010).[170]
Narrated Charlotte Brontë's lost story "L'Ingratitude" for London Review of Books's podcast (2012).[171]
Narrator of Roald Dahl's short story "The Last Act", which is included in the Switch Bitch collection (2012).[172]
Narrated the audiobooks of her novel trilogy The EarthEnd Saga: A Vision of Fire (2014),[173] A Dream of Ice (2015)[174] and The Sound of Seas (2016).[175]
One of the narrators of BBC Radio 4's ongoing series A History of Ideas (2015).[176]
Provided a voice recording of reading Virginia Woolf's suicide note for The Royal Ballet production Woolf Works (2015).[177]
Narrated Wilkie Collins' short story "Mrs. Zant and the Ghost" for Audible UK's Christmas Car Selection (2015).[178]
Co-narrator of the audiobook for her and Nadel's self-empowerment book WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere (2017).[179]
Provided the voice of Dana Scully for The X-Files: Cold Cases and The X-Files: Stolen Lives audiobooks (2017).[180][181]
Bibliography[edit]
Anderson, Gillian & Nadel, Jennifer (2017). WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-5011-2627-7. (US) / HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-814793-8. (UK)
Anderson, Gillian & Rovin, Jeff (2014). A Vision of Fire. The EarthEnd Saga #1. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4767-7652-1.
Anderson, Gillian & Rovin, Jeff (2015). A Dream of Ice. The EarthEnd Saga #2. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4767-7655-2.
Anderson, Gillian & Rovin, Jeff (2016). The Sound of Seas. The EarthEnd Saga #3. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4767-7659-0.
Discography[edit]
Hal featuring Gillian Anderson – Extremis EP (1997), Virgin Records[182]
Awards and honours[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Gillian Anderson
In 1996, Anderson was voted the "Sexiest Woman in the World" for FHM's 100 Sexiest Women poll.[183] In 1997, she was chosen by People magazine as one of the 50 Most Beautiful People in the World.[184] Askmen listed her at No. 6 on their Top 7: '90s Sex Symbols.[185] In 2008, she was listed 21st in FHM's All Time 100 Sexiest Hall of Fame.[186] In 2016, Anderson was named one of World's Most Beautiful Faces of the Year by People magazine.[187]
In 2009, Anderson was named as one of 20 most powerful women in British theatre and was dubbed "The Honorary Brit" by Harper's Bazaar and Tiffany & Co.'s list.[188] In 2010, Anderson was named Honorary Associate of The London Film School (LFS).[189]
In 2016, Anderson was appointed an honorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) for her services to drama.[190]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ ANDERSON, Gillian Leigh. ukwhoswho.com. Who's Who. 2015 (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ "Monitor". Entertainment Weekly (1271). August 9, 2013. p. 22.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Biography (1968–)". Filmreference.com. Retrieved July 29, 2010.
Jump up ^ Merrell, Sue (May 18, 2007). "Charity, celebrity blend well, actress says". The Grand Rapids Press. gilliananderson.ws. Retrieved September 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Ancestry of Anderson's family". Retrieved September 14, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Biography: Gillian Anderson". Yahoo.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c Curtis, Nick (December 3, 2014). "Gillian Anderson: Self destruction is my default mode". London Evening Standard. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "X-Rated Agents". OK!. September 29, 1996. Retrieved October 16, 2015.
Jump up ^ Thompson, Jonathan (November 17, 2002). "Gillian Anderson: Just don't ask her about aliens". The Independent. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Gillian Anderson On 'The Fall' And Getting Arrested In High School". NPR. December 7, 2013. Retrieved September 21, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Shannon Miller, Liz (January 16, 2015). "Gillian Anderson on Owning Feminine Sexuality in The Fall". Indiewire. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Biography: Gillian Anderson". Lifetime (TV network).
^ Jump up to: a b Hattenstone, Simon (February 8, 2015). "Gillian Anderson on therapy, rebellion and 'being weird'". The Guardian. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Hicklin, Aaron (March 13, 2012). "The Double Life of Gillian Anderson". Out. Retrieved September 21, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Mejia, Paula (May 14, 2015). "'X-Files' Behind Her, Gillian Anderson Is a Believer". Newsweek. Retrieved August 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ Rochlin, Margy (October 1, 1997). "US Magazine – 1997 Interview". US Magazine. Retrieved August 26, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Mottram, James (April 10, 2010). "X-Files to YBAs: Gillian Anderson takes on the art world". The Independent. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Theatre School at DePaul University – Alumni". theatre.depaul.edu. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Larry Kaplan (March 9, 1998). "Gillian's Plea: "Save my sick brother"". New Weekly. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Aaron Anderson obituary". Obits.mlive.com. November 5, 2011. Retrieved June 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ Shindig – Gillian Anderson Interactive Q&A. YouTube. Shindig. March 11, 2015. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Gillian Anderson: 25 Things You Don't Know About Me". Us Magazine. February 7, 2015. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Aitkenhead, Decca (March 11, 2017). "Gillian Anderson: 'There were times when life was really bad'". The Guardian. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Farndale, Nigel (May 1, 2009). "Gillian Anderson bares all". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved March 24, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Milling About with Gillian Anderson". BlogTalkRadio. May 24, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c "About Gillian – Biography (page 1)". gilliananderson.ws.
^ Jump up to: a b Witchel, Alex (February 20, 1991). "Two Newcomers Make Waves in Ayckbourn Play". New York Times. Retrieved February 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Past Recipients – Theatre World Awards". theatreworldawards.org. Retrieved October 16, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Klein, Alvin (February 2, 1992). "THEATER; 'The Philanthropist'". The New York Times. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ Walker, Alix (November 4, 2014). "People should know that I laugh". Stylist Magazine. Retrieved September 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Emmy Nominated". Emmys.com. Retrieved June 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ Debashine Thangevelo (May 25, 2015). "Still nursing bad habits". Independent Online. Retrieved August 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Jennifer Vineyard (October 14, 2013). "Nearly Everything The X-Files' David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson Said This Weekend". Vulture. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Christopher Zumski Finke (December 24, 2013). "Less "Big Bang Theory," More Dana Scully: What It's Going to Take to Lead More Girls Into Science". Yes! Magazine. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Abby Norman (January 31, 2015). "The Scully Effect: How "X-Files" Helped Mainstream Women In STEM Careers". All That Is Interesting. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Entertainment Media Portrayals and Their Effects on the Public Understanding of Science". ACS Publications. September 3, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2015. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ "Spies Above (TV Movie 1996)". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Why Planes Go Down (TV Movie 1996)". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hal Featuring Gillian Anderson – Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kwan, Wilhelmina. "GAGA over Gillian". Changi. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Critical Eye – Gillian Anderson". The Critical Eye. November 11, 1999. Retrieved August 28, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c Kellaway, Kate (April 22, 2001). "Talking 'bout our genitalia". The Guardian. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Llewellyn Smith, Julia (May 14, 2013). "Life's been complicated lately: Gillian Anderson interview". Telegraph. Retrieved November 26, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Official Gillian Anderson Website. About Gillian – Biography (page 2)". gilliananderson.ws.
^ Jump up to: a b Billington, Michael (November 28, 2002). "What The Night Is For". The Guardian. Retrieved February 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sadler's Wells Theatre – Ambassadors – Gillian Anderson". Sadler's Wells Theatre. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "About Gillian – Biography (page 3)". gilliananderson.ws.
Jump up ^ "Winners 2005 – IFTA". Irish Film & Television Academy. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Broadcasting Press Guild 32nd Annual Television and Radio Awards". Broadcasting Press Guild. March 31, 2006. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BBC Drama – Best of 2005 – Best Actress". BBC. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ ""The Last King of Scotland" News". gilliananderson.ws. February 26, 2007. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson in Straightheads". empiremovies.com. September 19, 2005. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson". pbs.org. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson's Masterpiece de Résistance". Eonline. December 11, 2007. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ Murray, Rebecca. "Gillian Anderson Interview – X-Files Movie 2008 Wonder Con". About.com. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Farndale, Nigel (May 1, 2009). "Gillian Anderson interview for 'A Doll's House'". The Daily telegraph. Retrieved September 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Olivier Winners 2010". Olivier Awards. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Osborn, Michael (December 24, 2011). "Great Expectations: Miss Havisham given 'youthful' air". BBC. Retrieved December 27, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson and Matthew Macfadyen at BBC Worldwide Day – Roma Fiction Fest 2012". Living in Rome. October 2, 2012. Retrieved August 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ Douglas, Torin (February 23, 2012). "Shortlists announced for Broadcasting Press Guild TV Awards". Broadcasting Press Guild. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BBC Two Orders New Drama Series Starring Gillian Anderson". TVWise. February 3, 2012. Retrieved February 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ The Fall at Rotten Tomatoes
Jump up ^ Saner, Emine (June 9, 2013). "Gillian Anderson: The Fall girl who never bowed to Hollywood demands". The Guardian. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Golden Nymph Award 2015" (PDF). Retrieved August 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Broadcasting Press Guild: 40th TV & Radio Awards". Retrieved August 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BPG 2015 Best Actress Nomination". Retrieved August 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ Munn, Patrick (May 27, 2013). "It's Official: BBC Two Renews 'The Fall' For Season 2". TVWise. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ Nia Daniels (October 1, 2015). "Third series of The Fall gears up". The Knowledge Online. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael. "Hannibal Season 3: Gillian Anderson Is a Full-Fledged Series Regular", tvline.com, September 11, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Sold – The Cast". Sold Official Website. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Production Page". Young Vic Theatre. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "A Streetcar Named Desire extends run to 19 September 2014" (PDF). Young Vic Theatre. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "NT live broadcast of A Streetcar Named Desire at Young Vic" (PDF). Young Vic Theatre. Retrieved August 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Wiegand, Chris (February 5, 2015). "Gillian Anderson goes back to Blanche for prequel to A Streetcar Named Desire". The Guardian. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson, Jeff Rovin. "A Vision of Fire (The EarthEnd Saga #1)". waterstones. Retrieved July 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson, Jeff Rovin. "A Vision of Fire (The EarthEnd Saga #1)". Goodreads. Retrieved May 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson, Jeff Rovin. "A Dream of Ice (The EarthEnd Saga #2)". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved July 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ Li, Shirley (August 14, 2015). "First Look at Lily James, Gillian Anderson, Paul Dano in War and Peace miniseries". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 7, 2015). "'The X Files' Event Series Gets Post NFC Championship Game Launch, Monday Slot". Deadline. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Leon, Melissa (January 22, 2016). "Gillian Anderson: I Was Offered Half Duchovny's Pay for 'The X-Files' Revival". The Daily Beast. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "St. Ann's Warehouse – A Young Vic & Joshua Andrews Co-Production". St. Ann's Warehouse. Retrieved July 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson, Jeff Rovin. "The Sound of Seas (The EarthEnd Saga #3)". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ BBC Two [@BBCTwo] (September 14, 2016). "I want him to live, so that he can spend the rest of his life in prison. #TheFall returns. 29.09.16. 9pm" (Tweet). Retrieved September 14, 2016 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Schwindt, Oriana (October 16, 2016). "Amazon Picks Up Gillian Anderson-Narrated Kids Show From Studio Ghibli". Variety. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Viceroy's House clip: watch Gillian Anderson and Hugh Bonneville ponder Britain's legacy in India". The Telegraph. January 11, 2017. Retrieved February 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson, Jennifer Nadel. "WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved September 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ Lewis, Andy (April 14, 2015). "Gillian Anderson to Write "Revolutionary Self-Help Guide" for Women (Exclusive)". Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Evans, Greg (February 23, 2017). "'American Gods': Starz Sets Premiere Date, Gives First Look At New Fantasy Series". Deadline. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ Wiseman, Andreas (September 13, 2016). "Agatha Christie thriller 'Crooked House' underway". Screen Daily. Retrieved September 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ "CitizenCon 2015: Squadron 42's Hollywood Cast & Star Citizen Alpha 2.0". Gamers Nexus. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Patten, Dominic (April 20, 2017). "'The X-Files' Coming Back Again For New Event Series Next Season". Deadline. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ Codik, Emily (May 15, 2015). "Gillian Anderson Is in DC, and the Reason for Her Visit Might Surprise You". Washingtonian. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Campbell, Virginia (January 1, 1999). "Gillian of the Spirits". Movieline. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Carnevale, Rob (April 23, 2007). "Gillian Anderson – Straightheads 2007 Interview". BBC. Retrieved August 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Session with Gillian Anderson". Quora. January 11, 2016. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson webchat – as it happened". The Guardian. June 26, 2015. Retrieved January 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson, Husband Split". People. April 24, 2006. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Boy for Scully and Mr X". The Sunday Times. November 19, 2006. Retrieved April 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Welcomes a Son". People. October 20, 2008. Retrieved February 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Exclusive: Gillian Anderson, Partner Mark Griffiths Split". Us Weekly. Retrieved August 8, 2012.
Jump up ^ Turchiano, Danielle (January 16, 2015). "'The Fall's' Gillian Anderson on Season 2 "Surprises", 'Hannibal's' Darkness". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Curtis, Nick (December 17, 2014). "The importance of being Gillian Anderson". London Evening Standard. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ Woods, Judith (March 24, 2015). "Gillian Anderson: It's time somebody was brave enough to ask me out". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson reddit AMA – March 2014". Interviewly. March 13, 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson Q&A Fan Expo 2015. YouTube. Chuck Kahn. September 6, 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ Walden, Celia (August 1, 2014). "I have a healthy appreciation of Ryan Gosling". Glamour. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Minton, Elise (June 24, 2016). "Gillian Anderson's Beauty Secrets Revealed!". New Beauty. Retrieved October 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Headlines Trevor Project Fundraiser to Help Gay Teens". December 12, 1999. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Trevor Project organization".
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson is made patron of Charles Dickens' statue fund". BBC. January 23, 2013. Retrieved February 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Patrons and Trustees". templelegalcentre.org. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson [@GillianA] (June 21, 2016). "Watch #Voting Live! @ 7.45pm TONIGHT w/ @bastilledan @rioferdy5 @MaverickSabre @sulibreaks www.facebook.com/sofarsounds" (Tweet). Retrieved August 24, 2016 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "For Love". gilliananderson.ws. June 22, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ "NF Network".
Jump up ^ "Neurofibromatosis Inc., the NF support group of West Michigan and Rosemary and Gillian Anderson". Library of Congress. May 20, 1996. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Doodle 4 NF Website".
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson launches national schools competition". Great Stories with Heart. March 15, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson for The Global Genes Project". globalgenes.org. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "SAYes Transition Mentoring". Retrieved May 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Alinyiikira Junior School". Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Artists for a New South Africa Celebrity Supporters & Events". Retrieved September 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Artists for a New South Africa (ANSA)".
Jump up ^ "Talking Point: Ask the head of UNAids". BBC. November 17, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "ACTSA: Action for Southern Africa".
Jump up ^ "FOTAC Patrons – Gillian Anderson". fotac.org. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Official Gillian Anderson Website – Charities – Buskaid". Retrieved September 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Buskaid – Helping Young Black Musicians in South Africa Townships". buskaid.org. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Feminist Majority Foundation (FMF)".
Jump up ^ "Power To Do Good – Benefit V-Day: A Global Movement to End Violence Against Women and Girls Worldwide". Retrieved July 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sold Out Rock for Choice Concert Sends a Powerful Message: We Won't Go Back!". feminist.org. April 9, 2001. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Stars write to Cameron about Afghan women for International Women's Day". amnesty.org.uk. March 7, 2014. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson backs Comic Relief charity Women at the Well". BBC. March 11, 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Power To Do Good – Benefit Refuge". Retrieved July 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Stand with the women of Burma to end rape and sexual violence". Burma Campaign UK. October 9, 2015. Retrieved March 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Trust Women Conference – speakers". trustwomenconf.com. Retrieved December 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson on Child Trafficking and her Film 'Sold'". childreach.org.uk. January 19, 2015. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "#TaughtNotTrafficked launches at Sold's European premiere". taughtnottrafficked.com. July 14, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "International Literacy Centre – Champions". UCL Institute of Education. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson joins pupils at Islington Primary School in support of reading campaign". UCL Institute of Education. January 25, 2016. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ "XF Auction Week 6 Has Started". The Official Gillian Anderson Website. February 28, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Benedict Cumberbatch and Gillian Anderson sponsor refugees". WENN. March 4, 2016. Retrieved March 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ UCL Institute of Education [@IOE_London] (July 7, 2017). "Gillian Anderson @GillianA has been awarded a @UCL Honorary Fellowship for her support of the @ILC_IOE's #ReadingRecovery programme" (Tweet). Retrieved July 9, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "Celebrities boycott Botswana over Bushmen". AFRAN Study and Research Institute. November 8, 2010. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Stars line up in West End to celebrate tribal peoples". Survival International. March 9, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "First ever aerial footage of uncontacted Amazon tribe released". uncontactedtribes.org. February 4, 2011. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson becomes Survival ambassador". Survival International. June 13, 2011. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Celebrities call for a new conservation that respects tribal peoples' rights". Survival International. September 9, 2015. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Turkey Passes Its First Comprehensive Animal-Protection Law". PETA. Archived from the original on November 23, 2004. Retrieved October 4, 2006.
Jump up ^ "PETA Humanitarian Awards". PETA. June 28, 2006. Retrieved December 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Exposes Armani in Shocking New Video". PETA. October 9, 2008. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Undercover Footage Shows Rabbits Screaming During Slaughter". PETA. October 9, 2008. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Puts Pen to Paper for 12 Million Animals". PETA. April 28, 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Message from Gillian Anderson: Save the Amazon". Greenpeace. March 7, 2014. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson for Cheetah Conservation Fund". cheetah.org. December 30, 2013. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Fish love".
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson: Don't Perform Animal Tests When the Truth Is Already Out There". PETA. October 8, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson Shows her Support for Positive Luxury". Positive Luxury. November 13, 2015. Retrieved June 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Friends of Positive Luxury".
Jump up ^ "The Artist's Garden: American Impressionism". Exhibition On Screen. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Hal featuring Gillian Anderson – Extremis Original Edit". Retrieved April 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The G-Files: the search for Gillian Anderson's roots". Retrieved October 4, 2006.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson CBC Interview". Retrieved September 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Benedict Cumberbatch and Gillian Anderson do it by the book". The Guardian. December 11, 2013. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ Sian Cain (February 5, 2016). "Russell Brand, Benedict Cumberbatch and Gillian Anderson return to Letters Live". The Guardian. Retrieved February 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Letters Live at Freemasons' Hall, October 2016". Letters Live. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ Plunkett, John (November 29, 2007). "X Files star Gillian Anderson to appear in Radio 4 play". The Independent. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Exit to Eden by Anne Rice, Gillian Anderson, Anne Rampling". Better World Books. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "X-Files Collection: "Antibodies", "Ground Zero", "Ruins"". Goodreads. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Guardian of the Pool". Hachette Book Group. July 1, 2009. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ "David Eagleman's Sum". The Literary Platform. June 4, 2010. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Charlotte Brontë – L'Ingratitude". London Review of Books. March 8, 2012. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Switch Bitch". Goodreads. September 13, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson. "A Vision of Fire (The EarthEnd Saga #1)". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson. "A Dream of Ice (The EarthEnd Saga #2)". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson. "The Sound of Seas (The EarthEnd Saga #3)". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "BBC Radio 4 – A History of Ideas". BBC. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Review: Royal Ballet – Woolf Works – Royal Opera House". londondance.com. May 12, 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Let's Chris Rea and Get us Home". The London Economic. December 21, 2015. Retrieved December 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gillian Anderson, Jennifer Nadel. "WE A Manifesto for Women Everywhere". Simon & Schuster. Retrieved September 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The X-Files: Cold Cases". Audible. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The X-Files: Stolen Lives". Audible. Retrieved October 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Extremis - Hal". AllMusic. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "FHM supplement: 100 Sexiest Women In The World 1996". FHM. gilliananderson.ws. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson - Most Beautiful, Gillian Anderson: People.com". May 12, 1997. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Top 7: '90s Sex Symbols – AskMen". Retrieved February 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson – Biography – IMDb". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved December 6, 2015.
Jump up ^ Olya, Gabrielle (April 20, 2016). "World's Most Beautiful: Gillian Anderson Wants Women to Embrace Growing Older as Something That Should Be 'Celebrated'". People. Retrieved April 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Judi Dench and Helen Mirren ranked among powers of theatre". The Telegraph. March 6, 2009. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Gillian Anderson, Jack Gold and Chrissy Bright become Honorary Associates at LFS Annual Show". lfs.org.uk. December 14, 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Honorary British awards to foreign nationals – 2016 – Publications – GOV.UK". www.gov.uk. UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. August 11, 2016. Retrieved January 16, 2017.
Further reading[edit]
Adamson, Gil (1997). Mulder, It's Me: The Gillian Anderson Files. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-316-3.
Butt, Malcolm (1997). Special Agent Scully: The Gillian Anderson Files. Plexus Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85965-254-4.
External links[edit]
Find more aboutGillian Andersonat Wikipedia's sister projects
Media from Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Data from Wikidata
Official website
Gillian Anderson on IMDb
Gillian Anderson at the Internet Broadway Database
Gillian Anderson at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
Gillian Anderson at AllMovie
Gillian Anderson at the TCM Movie Database
Works by or about Gillian Anderson in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
Gillian Anderson at the British Film Institute's Screenonline
"Gillian Anderson collected news and commentary". The Guardian.
Gillian Anderson at Emmys.com
Preceded by
Russell Baker Host of Masterpiece Classic
2008–2009 Succeeded by
Laura Linney
[show]
Awards for Gillian Anderson
[show]
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BIFA Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a British Independent Film
Kathy Burke (1998)
Emily Watson (1999)
Gillian Anderson (2000)
Kate Ashfield (2001)
Samantha Morton (2002)
Olivia Williams (2003)
Imelda Staunton (2004)
Rachel Weisz (2005)
Kate Dickie (2006)
Judi Dench (2007)
Vera Farmiga (2008)
Carey Mulligan (2009)
Carey Mulligan (2010)
Olivia Colman (2011)
Andrea Riseborough (2012)
Lindsay Duncan (2013)
Gugu Mbatha-Raw (2014)
Saoirse Ronan (2015)
Sasha Lane (2016)
[show]
v
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Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama
Linda Cristal (1969)
Peggy Lipton (1970)
Patricia Neal (1971)
Gail Fisher (1972)
Lee Remick (1973)
Angie Dickinson (1974)
Lee Remick (1975)
Susan Blakely (1976)
Lesley Ann Warren (1977)
Rosemary Harris (1978)
Natalie Wood (1979)
Yoko Shimada (1980)
Linda Evans/Barbara Bel Geddes (1981)
Joan Collins (1982)
Jane Wyman (1983)
Angela Lansbury (1984)
Sharon Gless (1985)
Angela Lansbury (1986)
Susan Dey (1987)
Jill Eikenberry (1988)
Angela Lansbury (1989)
Sharon Gless/Patricia Wettig (1990)
Angela Lansbury (1991)
Regina Taylor (1992)
Kathy Baker (1993)
Claire Danes (1994)
Jane Seymour (1995)
Gillian Anderson (1996)
Christine Lahti (1997)
Keri Russell (1998)
Edie Falco (1999)
Sela Ward (2000)
Jennifer Garner (2001)
Edie Falco (2002)
Frances Conroy (2003)
Mariska Hargitay (2004)
Geena Davis (2005)
Kyra Sedgwick (2006)
Glenn Close (2007)
Anna Paquin (2008)
Julianna Margulies (2009)
Katey Sagal (2010)
Claire Danes (2011)
Claire Danes (2012)
Robin Wright (2013)
Ruth Wilson (2014)
Taraji P. Henson (2015)
Claire Foy (2016)
[show]
v
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Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series
Helen Hayes (1952)
Loretta Young (1954)
Loretta Young (1956)
Loretta Young (1959)
Barbara Stanwyck (1961)
Barbara Stanwyck (1966)
Barbara Bain (1967)
Barbara Bain (1968)
Barbara Bain (1969)
Susan Hampshire (1970)
Susan Hampshire (1971)
Glenda Jackson (1972)
Michael Learned (1973)
Michael Learned (1974)
Jean Marsh (1975)
Michael Learned (1976)
Lindsay Wagner (1977)
Sada Thompson (1978)
Mariette Hartley (1979)
Barbara Bel Geddes (1980)
Barbara Babcock (1981)
Michael Learned (1982)
Tyne Daly (1983)
Tyne Daly (1984)
Tyne Daly (1985)
Sharon Gless (1986)
Sharon Gless (1987)
Tyne Daly (1988)
Dana Delany (1989)
Patricia Wettig (1990)
Patricia Wettig (1991)
Dana Delany (1992)
Kathy Baker (1993)
Sela Ward (1994)
Kathy Baker (1995)
Kathy Baker (1996)
Gillian Anderson (1997)
Christine Lahti (1998)
Edie Falco (1999)
Sela Ward (2000)
Edie Falco (2001)
Allison Janney (2002)
Edie Falco (2003)
Allison Janney (2004)
Patricia Arquette (2005)
Mariska Hargitay (2006)
Sally Field (2007)
Glenn Close (2008)
Glenn Close (2009)
Kyra Sedgwick (2010)
Julianna Margulies (2011)
Claire Danes (2012)
Claire Danes (2013)
Julianna Margulies (2014)
Viola Davis (2015)
Tatiana Maslany (2016)
Elisabeth Moss (2017)
[show]
v
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Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television
Gillian Anderson (1996)
Kate Mulgrew (1997)
Sarah Michelle Gellar (1998)
Margaret Colin (1999)
Jessica Alba (2000)
Yancy Butler (2001)
Jennifer Garner (2002)
Amber Tamblyn (2003)
Claudia Black (2004)
Kristen Bell (2005)
Jennifer Love Hewitt (2006)
Jennifer Love Hewitt (2007)
Mary McDonnell (2008)
Anna Torv (2009)
Anna Torv (2010)
Anna Torv (2011)
Anna Torv (2012)
Vera Farmiga (2013)
Caitriona Balfe (2014)
Caitriona Balfe (2015)
Melissa Benoist (2016)
[show]
v
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Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series
Kathy Baker (1994)
Gillian Anderson (1995)
Gillian Anderson (1996)
Julianna Margulies (1997)
Julianna Margulies (1998)
Edie Falco (1999)
Allison Janney (2000)
Allison Janney (2001)
Edie Falco (2002)
Frances Conroy (2003)
Jennifer Garner (2004)
Sandra Oh (2005)
Chandra Wilson (2006)
Edie Falco (2007)
Sally Field (2008)
Julianna Margulies (2009)
Julianna Margulies (2010)
Jessica Lange (2011)
Claire Danes (2012)
Maggie Smith (2013)
Viola Davis (2014)
Viola Davis (2015)
Claire Foy (2016)
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WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 84043039
LCCN: no96017756
ISNI: 0000 0001 0920 1253
GND: 11943931X
SUDOC: 069053642
BNF: cb13171503v (data)
MusicBrainz: ecd5abf6-6c91-4d69-8804-83374745c5a9
BNE: XX1288793
IATH: w6j684dx
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gillian_Anderson&oldid=809912169"
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