text:
Las Vegas Stadium
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For the stadium originally known as Las Vegas Stadium, see Sam Boyd Stadium.
Las Vegas Stadium
Artist's rendering showing the front of Las Vegas Stadium with the retractable windows and planned Al Davis memorial torch.
Former names
Raiders Stadium
(in early renderings)
Address
3333 Al Davis Way
Location
Paradise, Nevada
Coordinates
36°05′26.7″N 115°11′01.4″W / 36.090750°N 115.183722°W / 36.090750; -115.183722Coordinates: 36°05′26.7″N 115°11′01.4″W / 36.090750°N 115.183722°W / 36.090750; -115.183722
Public transit
Las Vegas Monorail
at Mandalay Bay (proposed)
Owner
Las Vegas Stadium Authority
Operator
Las Vegas Raiders
Executive suites
100[1]
Capacity
Football: 65,000
(expandable to 72,000)
Soccer: 61,000[2]
Acreage
62 acres (25 ha)
Surface
Grass (Raiders)
Field Turf (UNLV)
Construction
Broke ground
November 13, 2017 (2017-11-13)
Construction cost
US$1.8 billion[3]
Architect
MANICA Architecture
HNTB
Project manager
ICON Venue Group[4]
Structural engineer
ARUP[5]
Services engineer
Smith Seckman Reid, Inc.[6]
General contractor
Mortenson Construction
McCarthy Construction[7]
Tenants
Las Vegas Raiders (NFL) (2020–; planned)
UNLV Rebels (NCAA) (2020–; planned)
Las Vegas Bowl (NCAA) (2020–; planned)
Website
lasvegasstadium.raiders.com
Las Vegas Stadium is the working name for a domed stadium under construction in Paradise, Nevada for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) and the UNLV Rebels football team of the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV). It is located on about 62 acres west of Mandalay Bay at Russell Road and Hacienda Avenue and between Polaris Avenue and Dean Martin Drive, just west of Interstate 15. Construction of the $1.8 billion stadium began in September 2017 and is expected to be completed in time for the 2020 NFL season.
Contents
1 History
1.1 2016
1.2 2017
1.3 2018
2 Financing
3 Design
4 Tenants and events
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
2016[edit]
In January 2016, reports emerged that Las Vegas Sands was considering developing a stadium in conjunction with Majestic Realty and UNLV, on a 42-acre site on Tropicana Avenue owned by UNLV.[8] UNLV had been in the market for a new stadium to replace Sam Boyd Stadium since at least 2011.[9] Raiders owner Mark Davis visited Las Vegas on January 29 to tour the site and meet with Sands chairman Sheldon Adelson and other local figures.[10] The Raiders, who had been trying to get a new stadium built for the team since the 1980s, had just missed out on relocating to Los Angeles that same month and were at an impasse in Oakland. In order for the team to relocate to Las Vegas, a new stadium was required, since Sam Boyd Stadium was undersized for the NFL and there were no other professional-caliber stadiums in Nevada.
On March 21, 2016, when asked about Las Vegas, Davis said, "I think the Raiders like the Las Vegas plan," and "it's a very very very intriguing and exciting plan." Davis also met with Nevada Governor Brian Sandoval about the stadium plan. On April 1, 2016, Davis met with UNLV officials and toured Sam Boyd Stadium to evaluate whether it could serve as a temporary home for the team.
On April 28, 2016, Davis said he wanted to move the Raiders to Las Vegas and pledged $500 million toward the construction of the proposed $2.4-billion domed stadium.[11][12] "Together we can turn the Silver State into the silver and black state," Davis said.[11][13]
In the spring of 2016, the board of directors of Las Vegas Sands rejected Adelson's stadium proposal. Adelson decided to move ahead with the stadium as an individual investment, pledging $650 million of his personal wealth to the project.[14]
The viability of the Tropicana Avenue site was called into serious question in June 2016, when Southwest Airlines objected to the location because its proximity to the northern end of one of McCarran Airport's runways could negatively affect the safety and capacity of air traffic at the airport.[15] The list of potential locations soon expanded to nine candidates, including the sites of the Wild Wild West casino, the Wynn golf course, the Riviera casino, the Las Vegas Festival Grounds, and Cashman Center.[16] By September, the list was narrowed to two possibilities: the Bali Hai Golf Club, south of Mandalay Bay, and a vacant lot on Russell Road, just west of Interstate 15.[17]
On August 25, 2016, the Raiders filed a trademark application for "Las Vegas Raiders" on the same day renderings of a proposed stadium design were released.[18] On September 15, 2016, the Southern Nevada Tourism Infrastructure Committee unanimously voted to recommend and approve $750 million for the Las Vegas stadium plan.[19]
Majestic Realty revealed in October 2016 that it had withdrawn from the stadium project.[20]
Sandoval called a special session of the Nevada Legislature to consider the stadium and other tourism-related proposals in October 2016.[21] The funding bill for the stadium was approved by a 16–5 vote in the Senate and by 28–13 in the Assembly, and was signed into law by Sandoval on October 17.[22][23][24][25] The bill allowed Clark County to increase its hotel tax to raise the $750 million in funding.[26]
2017[edit]
2015 view of the stadium site, adjacent to Mandalay Bay and Interstate 15
The Raiders filed relocation papers on January 19 to move from Oakland to Las Vegas.[27] On January 26, 2017, the Raiders submitted a proposed lease agreement for the stadium. It was reported that the Raiders had selected the Russell Road site as the stadium location, the team would pay one dollar in rent, and that they could control the naming rights for both the stadium and plaza and in addition keep signage sponsorship revenue.[28]
Days after the Raiders' announced proposal, Adelson dropped out of the stadium project, pulling his proposed $650 million contribution[29] Shortly after this announcement, Goldman Sachs, which had planned to finance part of the project, withdrew as well. As a result, the Raiders were expected to increase their contribution from $500 million to $1.15 billion.[30]
On March 6, the Raiders revealed Bank of America would lend $650 million to replace the Adelson portion of the funding.[31]
NFL owners voted to approve the move by a margin of 31 to 1 on March 27.[32][33][34] The next day, the Raiders and the Las Vegas Stadium Authority began accepting deposits for season tickets for the new stadium.[35] The Raiders announced that they planned to remain in Oakland until the stadium was complete.
The Raiders closed the purchase of the land for the stadium at the Russell Road site on May 1. The purchase price was reported at $77.5 million.[36] On May 11, it was announced that in a joint venture Mortenson Construction and McCarthy Construction would be the developers for the stadium. Mortenson previously worked on U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis. The stadium authority approved a stadium lease with the Raiders on May 18.[37] The lease was to be for 30 years with four successive extension options of five years each.[38]
On September 18, construction activity began on the stadium site with site preparation.[39] A groundbreaking ceremony was held on November 13.[40][41] The ceremony featured NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell, Raiders owner Mark Davis, his mother Carol Davis, various Raiders legends including Howie Long, Jim Plunkett, Tom Flores, and Ray Guy, Las Vegas and Nevada politicians such as Governor Brian Sandoval, Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn Goodman, Clark County Commissioner Steve Sisolak and stadium authority head Steve Hill. The event was hosted by George Lopez and included other celebrities like Carlos Santana, longtime Vegas icon Wayne Newton, and Howie D. and Nick Carter of the Backstreet Boys. There was also a tribute to the victims of the 2017 Las Vegas shooting that happened nearby with Judith Hill and the Las Vegas House of Blues Gospel Choir performing ‘Rise up’ while 58 beams of light symbolizing the 58 victims were lit.[42]
2018[edit]
In January, construction crews began blasting caliche rock with dynamite to excavate and create the stadium bowl.[43] On February 3, the Raiders opened a 7,500-square-foot stadium preview center at Town Square, located a few miles from the stadium site, featuring interactive exhibits and team memorabilia, with plans for simulations of views from individual seats and a large-scale stadium model.[44]
On August 27, Clark County changed the stadium's address from 5617 Dean Martin Drive to 3333 Al Davis Way.[45]
Financing[edit]
The budget for development of the stadium is estimated at $1.8 billion. Of this, $78 million was spent to purchase the land, $1.33 billion is estimated to be spent on construction, $123 million on furniture, fixtures, and equipment, $234 million on design and engineering, and $31 million on utilities and infrastructure.[46][47] Some reports gave a budget of $1.9 billion, which also included $100 million to build a separate Raiders practice facility.[48]
The financing for the project is expected to come in the form of $750 million in public funding and $1.1 billion from the Raiders.[49] The public portion of the funding will come from municipal bonds issued by Clark County, backed by the proceeds of a special tax on hotel rooms in the Las Vegas area, which took effect in March 2017.[50] The Raiders' contribution was expected to include a $650 million loan from Bank of America, $200 million from the NFL's stadium loan program, and $300 million from sales of personal seat licenses at the stadium, naming rights for the stadium, and sponsorships.[51]
Local government cannot receive any rent or revenue sharing from the stadium, because such an arrangement would not be compatible with the tax-exempt status of the bonds.[52] Proponents instead argued that the public financing would be justified by increased economic activity and tax revenue related to the stadium.[53] Critics have argued that the economic projections were based on overly optimistic assumptions.[54][55]
A total of $645 million in construction bonds sold out in 90 minutes in April 2018, representing Clark County's contribution to the project beyond room taxes already collected.[56]
Design[edit]
For Las Vegas Stadium, Mark Davis retained the same architecture firm, MANICA Architecture, that had designed the previously proposed Carson Stadium near Los Angeles.[57][58] Davis retained much of the look from the Carson stadium because he "fell in love with the overall design of it".[59] The stadium will be a 10 level domed stadium with a clear ETFE roof, silver and black exterior and large retractable curtain-like side windows facing the Las Vegas Strip.[60] The design includes a large torch in one end that will house a flame in honor of Al Davis, the late long-time owner of the Raiders.[61]
Updated renderings released after the relocation vote passed show the stadium with a roll-in natural grass field similar to the one at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona.[62] In an August 17, 2017 Las Vegas Stadium Authority meeting it was revealed that the stadium will have a designated pickup/drop off loop for ride sharing services such as Uber and Lyft, a first for a stadium in the NFL.
Tenants and events[edit]
The stadium will replace Sam Boyd Stadium and will serve as the home of both the Raiders and the UNLV Rebels football program. In addition, it will host the annual Las Vegas Bowl.[63]
Stadium backers project 20 to 25 additional events per year, with plausible possibilities including the Super Bowl, the Pro Bowl, the NFL Draft, the NCAA Final Four, the USA Sevens rugby tournament, the Monster Jam World Finals, boxing matches, Ultimate Fighting Championship events, the Pac-12 Football Championship Game, neutral-site college football games, international soccer matches, concerts, and corporate shows.[64][65][66]
David Beckham visited Las Vegas in 2016 to advocate for the stadium as a possible home for his Major League Soccer expansion team,[67] although he ultimately announced the launch of the team with a stadium in Miami.[68]
The stadium was submitted as a potential site for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, but was later withdrawn from consideration.[69][70]
See also[edit]
National Football League portal
College Football portal
Las Vegas portal
Las Vegas Ballpark
Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area
T-Mobile Arena
Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Stadium Proposal" (PDF). Southern Nevada Tourism Infrastructure Committee. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ "EXCLUSIVE: New Stadium Plans Reveal Super Bowl Configuration". silverandblacktoday.com. Retrieved 2018-07-03.
Jump up ^ "Final cost of Raiders stadium in Las Vegas pegged at $1.8 billion". LasVegasSun.com. 2018-03-21. Retrieved 2018-03-23.
Jump up ^ "Clark County Stadium Authority Financing Plan Discussion Materials" (PDF). Las Vegas Stadium Authority. August 17, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Las Vegas Stadium | Procurement Package 1a & 1b" (PDF). July 12, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Las Vegas Stadium | Procurement Package 2a" (PDF). September 12, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Halter, Nick (May 12, 2017). "Report: Mortenson will build football stadium for Raiders in Las Vegas (slideshow)". Minneapolis–St. Paul Business Journal. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stutz, Howard (January 28, 2016). "Las Vegas Sands proposes $1B domed stadium; Adelson to meet with Raiders owner". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bleakley, Caroline (2011-02-01). "Details of New UNLV Stadium Project Released". LASVEGASNOW. Retrieved 2018-01-14.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Bill (February 1, 2016). "Raiders owner Mark Davis says 'brand would do well' in Las Vegas". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Raiders owner willing to give $20M toward Las Vegas stadium". National Football League. Associated Press. April 28, 2016. Retrieved April 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gutierrez, Paul (April 28, 2016). "Raiders owner Mark Davis says he wants to move team to Las Vegas". ESPN.com. ESPN. Retrieved April 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Oakland Raiders owner willing to spend $500 million to move team to Vegas". Fox News Channel. Associated Press. April 28, 2016. Retrieved April 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (August 28, 2016). "Adelson commits personal wealth to back stadium plan". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Rindels, Michelle (July 1, 2016). "Southwest Airlines doesn't want stadium next to airport". Las Vegas Sun. Associated Press. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Morris, J.D. (July 15, 2016). "Scouting report: Examining the pros, cons of potential NFL stadium sites". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Valley, Jackie (September 7, 2016). "As Las Vegas' NFL stadium marches toward reality, burning questions remain". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Perez, A.J. (August 25, 2016). "Oakland Raiders file to trademark 'Las Vegas Raiders' name". USA Today. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Stadium plan to lure Raiders to Las Vegas passes vote". National Football League. Associated Press. September 15, 2016. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (October 6, 2016). "Majestic Realty bows out of Las Vegas stadium development team". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Special session kicks off to consider NFL stadium funding". Las Vegas Sun. October 10, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Chereb, Sandra; Whaley, Sean (October 11, 2016). "Raiders stadium project for Las Vegas clears Nevada Senate in 16-5 vote". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved October 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Las Vegas stadium plan gains approval from Nevada Legislature". National Football League. Associated Press. October 14, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Nevada governor signs bill to approve Las Vegas stadium plan". National Football League. Associated Press. October 17, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Spousta, Tom (October 17, 2016). "Gov. Brian Sandoval signs Raiders stadium bill — VIDEO". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved October 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Hickey, John (November 16, 2016). "Tax increases designed to lure Raiders to Las Vegas go through". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Around the NFL staff (January 19, 2017). "Oakland Raiders file Las Vegas relocation paperwork". National Football League. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Damien, Levi (January 26, 2017). "Las Vegas stadium proposal details revealed: Raiders get naming rights, one dollar rent, pick preferred site, more". Silver and Black Pride. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (January 30, 2017). "Adelsons withdraw investment from proposed Raiders stadium in Las Vegas". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Raiders boost Vegas commitment to $1.2 billion, operations, risk". espn.com. ESPN. January 30, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Saraceno, Jon (March 6, 2017). "Raiders' Las Vegas Stadium Gets Boost from Bank of America". Las Vegas Review Journal. Retrieved March 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Rosenthal, Gregg (March 27, 2017). "NFL team owners approve Raiders' move to Las Vegas". National Football League. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Raiders Media Relations (March 27, 2017). "Raiders Receive NFL Approval For Las Vegas Relocation". Oakland Raiders. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Michael David Smith (March 27, 2017). "Raiders' move to Las Vegas approved". Profootballtalk.com. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Gutierrez, Paul (March 28, 2017). "Raiders already taking deposits for season tickets in Las Vegas". ESPN. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (May 1, 2017). "Raiders close purchase on 62-acre stadium site in Las Vegas". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Polacek, Scott (May 18, 2017). "Raiders' Vegas Lease Agreement Unanimously Approved by Stadium Authority Board". Bleacher Report. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Stadium Lease Agreement between Clark County Stadium Authority and [Raiders Stadium Events Company]" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "Construction activity begins at Las Vegas Raiders stadium site – VIDEO". 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Raiders breaking ground on new Las Vegas stadium — LIVESTREAM". Las Vegas Review-Journal. 2017-11-14. Retrieved 2017-11-14.
Jump up ^ "Raiders break ground on new stadium in Las Vegas". NFL. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mark Davis plays ceremonial shovel like guitar, other highlights, quotes, pics from Raiders Las Vegas stadium ground breaking". Silver And Black Pride. Retrieved 2017-11-14.
Jump up ^ Sapienza, Vince. "Rock blasting begins on Raiders stadium site". Retrieved 2018-01-12.
Jump up ^ "Silver and black history: Stadium preview center in Vegas filled with Raiders memorabilia". LasVegasSun.com. 2018-02-03. Retrieved 2018-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Street near Raiders' Las Vegas stadium to be Al Davis Way". LasVegasSun.com. 2018-08-28. Retrieved 2018-08-29.
Jump up ^ Pro Forma Stadium Project Budget Report (PDF) (Report). Las Vegas Stadium Authority. March 17, 2018. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Becker, Jon (May 1, 2017). "Raiders purchase land for new Las Vegas stadium". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Akers, Mick (March 21, 2018). "Final cost of Raiders stadium in Las Vegas pegged at $1.8 billion". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (March 19, 2018). "Revenue from Las Vegas room taxes surges in January". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Candee, Adam (March 17, 2017). "Room-tax money for NFL stadium starts to flow before Raiders' move finalized". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Candee, Adam (April 7, 2017). "What that $100 Raiders deposit actually gets you". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (March 7, 2017). "Details of lease agreement between Las Vegas officials, Raiders emerging". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Messerly, Megan; Valley, Jackie (October 5, 2016). "Digging into economic projections tied to a Raiders move to Las Vegas". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hobson, Will (January 24, 2017). "To lure Raiders, Nevada officials willing to bet big — with public money". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Nocera, Joe (October 21, 2016). "N.F.L. Stadium in Las Vegas May Be an Ego Boost, but Not an Economic One". The New York Times. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "All bonds for Las Vegas Raiders stadium sold in 90 minutes". 12 April 2018.
Jump up ^ Nusca, Andrew. "This Is the Stunning $2 Billion Stadium Where the Las Vegas Raiders Will Play". Fortune.com. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Schwab, Frank (August 25, 2016). "Raiders apply for 'Las Vegas Raiders' trademark; stadium renderings". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Davis on taking the new stadium plans from Carson to Las Vegas #Raiders". Vic Tafur on Twitter. Retrieved 2018-03-27.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard (15 August 2017). "First look at details of new Raiders stadium in Las Vegas may answer questions". Las Vegas Review-Journal.
Jump up ^ "Oakland Raiders pitch a $1.9 billion Las Vegas stadium - Archpaper.com". archpaper.com. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Damien, Levi (March 27, 2017). "New video, pics of Raiders Las Vegas stadium renderings". Silver and Black Pride. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bonagura, Kyle (March 31, 2017). "Can Las Vegas become a new destination in college football?". ESPN. Retrieved July 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Candee, Adam (March 31, 2017). "Beyond the pigskin: What events are needed for stadium's long-term viability". Las Vegas Sun. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Weissberg, Brad (March 29, 2017). "Raiders brand, Vegas brand unite". Venues Today. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bonagura, Kyle (March 31, 2017). "Can Las Vegas become a new destination in college football?". ESPN. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Straus, Brian (December 12, 2016). "Time ticking on Beckham's Miami MLS team amid deadline, Las Vegas speculation". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Madigan, Nick (January 29, 2018). "For David Beckham and M.L.S., a Miami Marriage at Last". Retrieved February 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Prince, Todd (August 15, 2017). "Las Vegas Raiders stadium considered for 2026 FIFA World Cup". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Velotta, Richard N. (June 14, 2018). "Las Vegas withdrew bid to host 2026 World Cup". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Las Vegas Stadium.
Official website
Proposed Las Vegas Stadium Virtual Tour from the National Football League (NFL)'s official YouTube channel
Construction page for stadium from Mortenson | McCarthy
Las Vegas Stadium Authority
Stadium webcam
Preceded by
Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum Home of the
Las Vegas Raiders
2020–future Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
Sam Boyd Stadium Home of
UNLV Rebels football
2020–future Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
Sam Boyd Stadium Host of
Las Vegas Bowl
2020–future Succeeded by
none
show
v
t
e
Oakland Raiders
Founded in 1960
Played in Los Angeles (1982–1994)
Based in Oakland, California
Headquartered in Alameda, California
Franchise
History
in Los Angeles
relocation to Las Vegas
Seasons
Players
First-round draft picks
Starting quarterbacks
Head coaches
Stadiums
Kezar Stadium
Candlestick Park
Frank Youell Field
Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum
Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
Las Vegas Stadium
Key personnel
Owner/CEO: Mark Davis
President: Marc Badain
General manager: Reggie McKenzie
Head coach: Jon Gruden
Culture
Oakland Raiderettes
Raider Nation
The Autumn Wind
Mount Davis
Ricky's Sports Theatre and Grill
Straight Outta L.A.
In the House
Lore
Heidi Game
Immaculate Reception
The Sea of Hands
Ghost to the Post
Holy Roller
Red Right 88
Tuck Rule Game
Rivalries
Denver Broncos
Kansas City Chiefs
Los Angeles Chargers
Pittsburgh Steelers
San Francisco 49ers
Media
Broadcasters
Television:
NBC Sports California
NBC Sports Bay Area
KTVU
KVVU
Radio:
KCBS (AM)
KGMZ-FM
KFRC-FM
KCYE
KDWN
Other:
Compass Media Networks
The Raider Cast
Personalities:
Bill King
Greg Papa
J. T. the Brick
Wild card berths (6)
1977
1980
1984
1991
1993
2016
Division championships (15)
1967
1968
1969
1970
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1983
1985
1990
2000
2001
2002
Conference championships (4)
1976
1980
1983
2002
League championships (4)
1967
1976 (XI)
1980 (XV)
1983 (XVIII)
Current league affiliations
League: National Football League (1970–present)
Conference: American Football Conference
Division: West Division
Former league affiliation
League: American Football League (1960–1969)
Seasons (59)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Championship seasons in bold
show
v
t
e
UNLV Rebels football
Venues
Cashman Field (old) (1968)
Butcher Field (1971)
Sam Boyd Stadium (1971–2019)
Las Vegas Stadium (2020–future)
Bowl games & rivalries
Bowl games
Hawaii (Island Showdown)
Nevada (Fremont Cannon)
Culture & lore
Hey Reb!
Win with the Rebels
Star of Nevada
People
Head coaches
Statistical leaders
NFL draftees
Seasons
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
show
v
t
e
Las Vegas Bowl
History & tie-ins
History
California Bowl
Broadcasters
Mountain West Conference
Pac-12 Conference
Las Vegas Bowl Champion seasons
Venues
Sam Boyd Stadium (1992–2019)
Las Vegas Stadium (2020–future)
Games
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
show
v
t
e
Las Vegas Valley
Las Vegas–Paradise, NV MSA
State of Nevada
Transportation
Airports
McCarran International Airport
North Las Vegas Airport
Henderson Executive Airport
Las Vegas Monorail
RTC Transit
Amtrak station (defunct)
Arts and
museums
18b The Las Vegas Arts District
Southern Nevada Zoological-Botanical Park
Symphony Park
Smith Center for the Performing Arts
Huntridge Theater
Lance Burton Theatre
Las Vegas Little Theater
Smith Center for the Performing Arts
The AXIS
show
v
t
e
Museums in Clark County, Nevada
Active
Boulder City/Hoover Dam Museum
Burlesque Hall of Fame
Clark County Museum
Discovery Children's Museum
Erotic Heritage Museum
Howard W. Cannon Aviation Museum
Imperial Palace Auto Collection
Las Vegas Gambling Museum
Las Vegas Historical Society
Las Vegas Natural History Museum
Lost City Museum
Madame Tussauds
Marjorie Barrick Museum of Art
Mob Museum
National Atomic Testing Museum
Neon Museum
Nevada State Museum
Nevada Southern Railroad Museum
Old Las Vegas Mormon Fort State Historic Park
Pinball Hall of Fame
Shelby Museum
Southern Nevada Museum of Fine Art
Thunderbirds Museum
Previous
Elvis-A-Rama Museum
Guinness World of Records
Guggenheim Hermitage Museum
History of the Future Museum
Hollywood Movie Museum
Las Vegas Art Museum
Liberace Museum
Star Trek: The Experience
Sports
T-Mobile Arena
Sam Boyd Stadium
Cashman Field
Thomas & Mack Center
Darling Tennis Center
Bettye Wilson Soccer Complex
Las Vegas Motor Speedway
Las Vegas Stadium
Las Vegas Ballpark
Mandalay Bay Events Center
All Net Resort and Arena
City National Arena
MSG Sphere Las Vegas
Government
Las Vegas City Hall
Clark County Government Center
Lloyd D. George Federal Courthouse
Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department
Communities
Cities
Henderson
Las Vegas
North Las Vegas
Census-designated places
Blue Diamond
Enterprise
Paradise
Spring Valley
Summerlin South
Sunrise Manor
Whitney
Winchester
Neighborhoods
Aliante
Anthem/Anthem Country Club
Chinatown
Downtown Las Vegas
Green Valley
Lake Las Vegas
Las Vegas Country Club
MacDonald Highlands
Mountain's Edge
Paradise Palms
Queensridge/One Queensridge Place
Seven Hills
Southern Highlands
Summerlin
Summerlin South
The Lakes
The Ridges
West Las Vegas
Research
and education
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
University of Nevada Medical School
Nevada State College
National University
Touro University Nevada
College of Southern Nevada
Roseman University of Health Sciences
Parks and
public spaces
Acacia Demonstration Gardens
Clark County Shooting Complex
Clark County Wetlands Park
Floyd Lamb Park at Tule Springs
Lake Mead National Recreation Area
Springs Preserve
Mount Charleston
Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area
Spring Mountains National Recreation Area
Sunset Park
Tule Springs Fossil Beds National Monument
Valley of Fire State Park
Area shopping
Bonanza Gift Shop
The Boulevard Mall
The Shops at Crystals
Downtown Summerlin
Galleria at Sunset
Grand Canal Shoppes
Fantastic Indoor Swap Meet
Fashion Outlets of Las Vegas
Fashion Show Mall
The Forum Shops at Caesars
Las Vegas Premium Outlets North
Meadows Mall
Miracle Mile Shops
Stratosphere Tower Shops
Studio Walk at MGM Grand
Downtown Summerlin
The Shoppes at the Palazzo
Tivoli Village
Town Square
Other
Architecture
History
Timeline
Landmarks
Skyscrapers
Las Vegas Strip
Category
WikiProject
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Las_Vegas_Stadium&oldid=857128499"
Categories:
Las Vegas Bowl
Las Vegas Raiders stadiums
UNLV Rebels football venues
American football venues in Nevada
Paradise, Nevada
Stadiums under construction in the United States
Sports venues in Las Vegas
National Football League venues
College football venues
Hidden categories:
Coordinates on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Français
한국어
Edit links
This page was last edited on 29 August 2018, at 19:04 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: caption

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: th

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
/wiki/Las_Vegas_Raiders
mw-redirect
Las Vegas Raiders

values: National Collegiate Athletic Association

values:
nofollow
external text
http://lasvegasstadium.raiders.com

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Majestic_Realty_Co.
mw-redirect
Majestic Realty Co.

values:
/wiki/McCarran_Airport
mw-redirect
McCarran Airport

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Interstate_15_(Nevada)
mw-redirect
Interstate 15 (Nevada)

values:
/wiki/Groundbreaking_ceremony
mw-redirect
Groundbreaking ceremony

values:
/wiki/Municipal_bonds
mw-redirect
Municipal bonds

values:
/wiki/Personal_seat_licenses
mw-redirect
Personal seat licenses

values:
/wiki/Carson_Stadium
mw-redirect
Carson Stadium

values:
/wiki/Ride_sharing
mw-redirect
Ride sharing

values:
/wiki/Uber_(company)
mw-redirect
Uber (company)

values: NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values:
/wiki/Portal:College_Football
mw-redirect
Portal:College Football

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: Sports in the Las Vegas metropolitan area

values:
/wiki/Fox_News_Channel
mw-redirect
Fox News Channel

values:
/wiki/Yahoo!_Sports
mw-redirect
Yahoo! Sports

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.mmcjvlv.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.lvstadiumauthority.com/
external text

values: background: #A5ACAF; color: #000000; ;;background: #000000; color: #FFFFFF; -moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A5ACAF, inset -2px -2px 0 #A5ACAF; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A5ACAF, inset -2px -2px 0 #A5ACAF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A5ACAF, inset -2px -2px 0 #A5ACAF;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #A5ACAF; color: #000000; ;

values: background: #A5ACAF; color: #000000; ;;width:1%

values: List of Oakland Raiders first-round draft picks

values: List of Oakland Raiders starting quarterbacks

values: 1967 American Football League Championship Game

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: background-color:#CF0A2C;color:white;-moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CAC8C8, inset -2px -2px 0 #CAC8C8; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CAC8C8, inset -2px -2px 0 #CAC8C8; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CAC8C8, inset -2px -2px 0 #CAC8C8;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;

values: Template talk:UNLV Rebels football navbox

values: background-color:#CF0A2C;color:white;-moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CAC8C8, inset -2px -2px 0 #CAC8C8; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CAC8C8, inset -2px -2px 0 #CAC8C8; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CAC8C8, inset -2px -2px 0 #CAC8C8;;width:1%

values:
/wiki/List_of_UNLV_Rebels_bowl_games
mw-redirect
List of UNLV Rebels bowl games

values: Win with the Rebels (page does not exist)

values: List of UNLV Rebels head football coaches (page does not exist)

values: UNLV Rebels football statistical leaders

values: 1968 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1969 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1970 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1971 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1972 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1973 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1974 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1975 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1976 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1977 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1978 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1979 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1980 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1981 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1982 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1983 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1984 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1985 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1986 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1987 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1988 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1989 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1990 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1991 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1992 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1993 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1994 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1995 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1996 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1997 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: 1998 UNLV Rebels football team (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: background:#E2223B; color:#FFFFFF; border: 2px solid #FFFF00;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;

values: background:#E2223B; color:#FFFFFF; border: 2px solid #FFFF00;width:1%

values: Category:Las Vegas Bowl champion seasons

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Southern Nevada Zoological-Botanical Park

values: Template talk:LV museums (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Boulder_City/Hoover_Dam_Museum
mw-redirect
Boulder City/Hoover Dam Museum

values:
/wiki/Howard_W._Cannon_Aviation_Museum
mw-redirect
Howard W. Cannon Aviation Museum

values:
/wiki/Imperial_Palace_Auto_Collection
mw-redirect
Imperial Palace Auto Collection

values: Las Vegas Gambling Museum (page does not exist)

values: Old Las Vegas Mormon Fort State Historic Park

values:
/wiki/Shelby_Museum
mw-redirect
Shelby Museum

values:
/wiki/Thunderbirds_Museum
mw-redirect
Thunderbirds Museum

values: Guinness World of Records (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/History_of_the_Future_Museum
mw-redirect
History of the Future Museum

values: Hollywood Movie Museum (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: MSG Sphere Las Vegas (page does not exist)

values: Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department

values:
/wiki/Chinatown,_Las_Vegas
mw-redirect
Chinatown, Las Vegas

values:
/wiki/The_Ridges,_Nevada
mw-redirect
The Ridges, Nevada

values: Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area

values: Spring Mountains National Recreation Area

values: Tule Springs Fossil Beds National Monument

values:
/wiki/Stratosphere_Tower_Shops
mw-redirect
Stratosphere Tower Shops

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Category:American football venues in Nevada

values: Category:Stadiums under construction in the United States

values: Category:National Football League venues

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Las_Vegas_Stadium
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: 라스베이거스 스타디움 – Korean

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Las_Vegas_Stadium rootpage-Las_Vegas_Stadium skin-vector action-view


text:
Czech hedgehog
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Examples of Czech hedgehogs deployed on the Atlantic Wall in the vicinity of Calais.
Entry point of the West Berlin S-Bahn into East Berlin near the Berlin Wall in Liesenstrasse/Gartenstrasse, 1980
Prepared material at a highway in Switzerland
The Czech hedgehog (Czech: rozsocháč or ježek) is a static anti-tank obstacle defense made of metal angle beams or I-beams (that is, lengths with an L- or I-shaped cross section). The hedgehog is very effective in keeping light- to medium tanks and vehicles from penetrating a line of defense; it maintains its function even when tipped over by a nearby explosion. Although Czech hedgehogs may provide some scant cover for infantry, infantry forces are generally much less effective against fortified defensive positions than mechanized units.
Contents
1 History
2 Technical details
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
The Czech hedgehog's name refers to its origin in Czechoslovakia. The hedgehogs were originally used on the Czech–German border by the Czechoslovak border fortifications – a massive but never-completed fortification system that was turned over to Germany in 1938 after the occupation of the Sudetenland as a consequence of the Munich Agreement.
The first hedgehogs were built of reinforced concrete with the shape similar to later metal version. But the concrete hedgehogs proved ineffective during the tests as they could be substantially damaged by machine-gun fire. Moreover, even when turned into debris it provided more cover for the enemy infantry than the metal counterpart. Therefore, only the oldest sections of Czechoslovak defensive line built in 1935–1936 were equipped with concrete hedgehogs and usually only in the second line.
The Czech hedgehog was widely used during World War II by the Soviet Union in anti-tank defense. They were produced from any sturdy piece of metal and sometimes even wood, including railroad ties. Czech hedgehogs were especially effective in urban combat, where a single hedgehog could block an entire street. Czech hedgehogs thus became a symbol of "defense at all cost" in the Soviet Union; hence, the memorial to Moscow defenders, built alongside the M-10 highway in 1966, is composed of three giant Czech hedgehogs.
Czech hedgehogs were part of the German defenses of the Atlantic Wall. During the invasion of Normandy the Allies cut up sizable numbers of intact and wrecked hedgehogs, and welded them to the front of their M4 Sherman tanks and M5 Stuart tanks. Known as Rhino tanks, they proved very useful for clearing the hedgerows that made up the bocages across Normandy.
The postwar tests conducted by Czechoslovak army proved the low efficiency of the metal hedgehogs against heavy armored vehicles such as the Soviet ISU-152 and T-54 or German PzKpfw V Panther. As many as 40% attempts for breakthrough were successful for which the army developed new anti-tank obstacles for the purpose of the border fortifications activated during the Cold War. But the metal hedgehog was still used as the quick road-block against wheeled vehicles.[1]
Technical details[edit]
A Czech hedgehog made to specifications could be constructed from any material capable of withstanding at least 60 tonnes-force (600 kN), while being at most 1.4 metres (4 ft 7 in) high. Such parameters, however were hard to achieve in makeshift hedgehogs, thereby reducing their usefulness.
The hedgehog is not generally anchored to prevent movement, as it can be effective even if rolled by a large explosion; instead, its effectiveness lies in its dimensions, combined with the fact that a vehicle attempting to drive over it will likely become stuck (and possibly damaged) through rolling on top of the lower bar and lifting its treads (or wheels) off the ground. [2]
Industrially manufactured Czech hedgehogs were made of three pieces of metal angle (L 140/140/13 mm, length 1.8 metres (5 ft 11 in), weight 198 kilograms (437 lb); later versions: length 2.1 metres (6 ft 11 in), weight 240 kilograms (530 lb)) joined by gusset plates, rivets and bolts (or, later in the war, welded together) into a characteristic spatial three-armed cross with each bar at right angles to the other two. (This pattern forms the axes of an octahedron.) Two arms of the hedgehog were connected in the factory, while the third arm was connected on-site by M20 bolts. The arms were equipped with square "feet" to prevent sinking into the ground, as well as notches for attaching barbed wire.
See also[edit]
Caltrop
Cheval de frise, a portable frame covered with many long iron or wooden spikes used in medieval times to deter cavalry.
Dragon's teeth (fortification)
Makibishi
References[edit]
Jump up ^ DUBÁNEK, Martin; MINAŘÍK, Pavel; LAKOSIL, Jan (2008). Utajená obrana železné opony: Československé opevnění 1945–1964 (in Czech). Praha: Mladá fronta. pp. 169–176. ISBN 978-80-204-1758-9.
Jump up ^ Field Fortifications Course EN0065 Ed. B, US Engineer School Lesson 3, Section 16: Steel Obstacles
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Czech hedgehog.
J A Hampton (1944). "A 23992: Royal Navy Commandos at La Riviere preparing to demolish beach obstacles (photograph)". Imperial War Museum Collection Search. Imperial War Museum. Retrieved 2 August 2012.
hide
v
t
e
Fortifications
Ancient
Abatis
Agger
Broch
Burgus
Castellum
Castra
Castros
Circular rampart
City gate
Crannog
Ditch
Defensive wall
Dun
Faussebraye
Gatehouse
Gord
Hillfort
Limes
Oppidum
Palisade
Pincer gate
Promontory fort
Rampart
Ringfort (Rath)
Refuge castle
Schwedenschanze
Stockade
Sudis
Trou de loup
Vallum
Wagon fort (Laager)
Vitrified fort
Post-classical
Advanced work
Albarrana tower
Alcazaba
Alcázar
Arrowslit
Barbican
Bartizan
Bastion
Battery tower
Battlement
Bent entrance
Bergfried
Bretèche
Bridge castle
Bridge tower
Butter-churn tower
Caltrop
Castle
Chamber gate
Chartaque
Chashi
Chemin de ronde
Chemise
Cheval de frise
Citadel
Coercion castle
Concentric castle
Corner tower
Counter-castle
Curtain
Drawbridge
Enceinte
Embrasure
Flanking tower
Fortified buildings (church, house)
Ganerbenburg
Gate tower
Gabion
Glacis
Guard tower
Gulyay-gorod
Gusuku
Half tower
Hoarding
Inner bailey
Keep
Kremlin (Detinets)
Landesburg
L-plan castle
Machicolation
Merlon
Moat
Motte-and-bailey
Murder-hole
Neck ditch
Outer bailey
Outwork
Peel tower
Portcullis
Postern
Reduit
Ringwork
Quadrangular castle
Shell keep
Shield wall
Toll castle
Tower castle
Tower house
Turret
Wall tower
Bailey (or ward)
Watchtower
Witch tower
Yett
Modern
18th century
and earlier
Abwurfdach
Bastion
Blockhouse
Breastwork
Canal
Caponier
Casemate
Cavalier
Counterguard
Counterscarp
Couvreface
Coupure
Covertway
Crownwork
Device fort
Entrenchment
Flèche
Gorge
Hornwork
Lunette
Orillon
Ostrog
Place-of-arms
Polygonal fort
Presidio (Spanish America)
Punji sticks
Ravelin
Redan
Redoubt
Retrenchment
Sandbag
Scarp
Sconce
Schanze
Sea fort
Station
Star fort
Tenaille
19th century
Barbed wire
Barbette
Border outpost
Bunker
Coastal artillery
Gun turret
Land mine
Martello tower
Outpost
Trench warfare
Sangar
Wire obstacles
20th century
Admiralty scaffolding
Air raid shelter
Anti-tank trench
Barbed tape
Blast shelter
Blast wall
Border barrier
Buoy
Bremer wall
Concertina wire
Defensive fighting position
British "hedgehog" road block
Czech hedgehog
Dragon's teeth
Entry control point (ECP)
Electric fence
Fallout shelter
Fire support base
Flak tower
Hardened aircraft shelter
Hesco bastion
Main Line of Resistance
Pillbox
Revetment
Sentry gun
Spider hole
Submarine pen
Tunnel warfare
Underground hangar
By topography
Cave castle
Hill castle
Hill fort
Hillside castle
Hilltop castle
Island castle
Lowland castle
Marsh castle
Moated castle
Promontory fort
Ridge castle
Rocca
Rock castle
Spur castle
Water castle
By role
Coercion castle
Counter-castle
Ganerbenburg
Hunting lodge
Imperial castle
Kaiserpfalz
Landesburg
Lustschloss
Ordensburg
Refuge castle
Toll castle
Urban castle
By design
Bridge castle
Circular rampart
Concentric castle
L-plan castle
Motte-and-bailey castle
Quadrangular castle
Ringfort
Ringwork
Tower castle
See also: Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Czech_hedgehog&oldid=844326461"
Categories:
Anti-tank obstacles
Area denial weapons
Hidden categories:
CS1 Czech-language sources (cs)
Articles containing Czech-language text
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Français
Italiano
עברית
Latviešu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Slovenčina
Svenska
Українська
中文
9 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 4 June 2018, at 05:31 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: img

attrs: href class

attrs: href class title

attrs: href title

attrs: class style

values: box-sizing: border-box; float:right; overflow: hidden; margin: 1px;

values:
/wiki/Anti-tank_obstacle
mw-redirect
Anti-tank obstacle

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Urban_combat
mw-redirect
Urban combat

values: ru:Ежи (монумент)

values:
/wiki/M4_Sherman_tank
mw-redirect
M4 Sherman tank

values:
/wiki/M5_Stuart_tank
mw-redirect
M5 Stuart tank

values: Czechoslovak border fortifications during the Cold War

values:
/wiki/Machine_screw
mw-redirect
Machine screw

values:
/wiki/Coordinate_axis
mw-redirect
Coordinate axis

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
/wiki/Device_fort
mw-redirect
Device fort

values: British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War

values:
/wiki/Main_Line_of_Resistance
mw-redirect
Main Line of Resistance

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: navigation navbox Fortifications padding:3px

values: Category:CS1 Czech-language sources (cs)

values: Category:Articles containing Czech-language text

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Czech_hedgehog
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Противотанковый ёж – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: Протитанковий їжак – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Czech_hedgehog rootpage-Czech_hedgehog skin-vector action-view


text:
Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Callie Khouri
Produced by
Bonnie Bruckheimer
Hunt Lowry
Bette Midler
Screenplay by
Mark Andrus (Adaptation)
Callie Khouri
Story by
Rebecca Wells (Novel)
Starring
Sandra Bullock
Ellen Burstyn
Ashley Judd
Fionnula Flanagan
Shirley Knight
James Garner
Maggie Smith
Music by
T-Bone Burnett
David Mansfield
Cinematography
John Bailey
Edited by
Andrew Marcus
Production
company
Gaylord Films
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release date
June 7, 2002 (2002-06-07)
Running time
116 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$27 million
Box office
$73,839,240
Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood is a 2002 American comedy-drama film starring an ensemble cast headed by Sandra Bullock, directed and written by Callie Khouri. It is based on Rebecca Wells' novel of the same name and its prequel collection of short stories, Little Altars Everywhere.
Contents
[hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
3 Reception
3.1 Box office
3.2 Critical response
4 References
5 External links
Synopsis[edit]
The film opens in 1937 Louisiana with four little girls out in the woods at night, each wearing a home-made headdress. The leader, Viviane Abbott (Caitlin Wachs), initiates them into a secret order she dubs the "Ya-Ya Sisterhood," which they seal by cutting their palms and taking a blood oath of undying loyalty.
The film then moves to New York City in the 1990s, where Viviane's eldest daughter, playwright Siddalee Walker (Sandra Bullock), while overseeing production of her newest release, gives an interview with a reporter from Time, mentioning her unhappy childhood as a major source of inspiration for her work. The reporter sensationalizes Sidda's complaint, implying abuse and deep, dark family secrets.
Vivi (Ellen Burstyn) reads the article and becomes extremely upset. She calls Sidda, but instead of speaking can only bang the phone on the table while crying that she is dead to her. Sidda, equally frustrated by her mother's behavior, also bangs her phone against the counter after Vivi has hung up on her. Much to the frustration of her fiancé, Connor McGill (Angus Macfadyen), Sidda takes her mother's behavior as a declaration of all-out war. Vivi takes down all the pictures of Sidda in her house, cuts her face out of family pictures, and mails the defaced pictures to Sidda, along with a copy of her will with Sidda's name marked out. Sidda in turn sends Vivi a newly printed wedding invitation with the time and place cut out, plus torn-up tickets to her play.
When the Ya-Ya Sisters learn of Vivi's war, they decide to take matters into their own hands to resolve it. Led by Caroline Eliza "Caro" Benett (Maggie Smith), Aimee Malissa "Teensy" Whitman (Fionnula Flanagan), and Denise Rose "Necie" Kelleher (Shirley Knight) visit Sidda in New York, then drug her, kidnap her, and take her back to Louisiana. There they show her a scrapbook album her mother has kept, titled Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood, which they believe they must reveal to Sidda.
They explain to Sidda her mother's experiences, depicted in flashbacks of their childhood, then as young women and mothers, including Sidda's own childhood: Vivi (Ashley Judd), Teensy (Jacqueline McKenzie), Caro (Katy Selverstone), Necie (Kiersten Warren). Troubles include: Vivi encountering racism as a child at Teensy's uncle and aunt's house; a bitter, jealous mother (Cherry Jones) who falsely accuses her of incest with her father, and the loss of her true love, Teensy's older brother Jack (Matthew Settle) who is killed in World War II. She settles for an unhappy marriage with Shepherd James "Shep" Walker (David Lee Smith/James Garner), a good and faithful man who loves her, despite the abuse she heaps on him because he isn't Jack.
This is all well and good to Sidda, but doesn't change her opinion of her mother as a self-centered person unable to deal with her troubles, which she has unfairly inflicted on Sidda to the point of needing psychotherapy. Meanwhile, she tells Connor not to send out the wedding invitations, which troubles him enough to come down to Louisiana to find her. The Sisters then realize that Sidda must be told Vivi's deepest, darkest secret in order to understand. They try to persuade Vivi that she must do this herself, but she doesn't have the courage to tell her daughter, so they do it for her with Sidda's father present. In the meantime, Vivi tells Connor herself. The secret is that Vivi eventually had a nervous breakdown, and brutally beat Sidda and her siblings. What the children never knew was that Vivi had taken an overdose of Dexamyl, (an amphetamine used as an antidepressant), and had to be hospitalized.
Sidda finally understands the depth of her mother's suffering, and that she didn't have to waste money on therapy trying to find out why it was her fault. She also recalls a happy memory of her mother: when Sidda missed out on an airplane ride because she was too scared but then changed her mind, Vivi borrowed money to get the pilot to give one more ride, which she took with Sidda. Vivi and Sidda reconcile, and Sidda decides that she wants to marry Connor in Louisiana. Vivi makes her daughter a Ya-Ya headdress, and the Sisters induct her into the order.
Cast[edit]
Sandra Bullock as Siddalee "Sidda" Walker
Allison Bertolino as the child Sidda
Angus Macfadyen as Connor McGill
Ellen Burstyn as Viviane Joan "Vivi" Abbott Walker
Ashley Judd as young Vivi Abbott-Walker
Caitlin Wachs as the child Vivi Abbott
James Garner as Shepherd James "Shep" Walker
David Lee Smith as young Shep
Maggie Smith as Caroline Eliza "Caro" Brewer Bennett
Katy Selverstone as young Caro
Mary Katherine Weiss as the child Caro
Fionnula Flanagan as Aimee Malissa "Teensy" Whitman
Jacqueline McKenzie as young Teensy
Alyssa May Gold as the child Teensy
Shirley Knight as Denise Rose "Necie" Kelleher Ogden
Kiersten Warren as young Necie
Nicki Tschudi as the child Necie
Matthew Settle as Jack Whitman
Cherry Jones as "Buggy" Abbott, Vivi's mother
David Rasche as Taylor Abbot, Vivi's father
Gina McKee as Genevieve Whitman, Teensy's mother
Mark Joy as Mr. Whitman, Teensy's father
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Divine Secrets grossed a domestic total of $69,599,016 and $4,240,224 outside the States, totaling $73,839,240 worldwide.[1] The film opened at #2 the weekend of its release with $16,167,412 behind The Sum of All Fears's second weekend.[2]
Critical response[edit]
Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood received a mixed response from film critics. The film holds a 44% "Rotten" rating on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes with the consensus, "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood is more melodramatic than emotionally truthful, and uneven in its mixture of time periods, actresses, laughter and tears."[3]
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film only one-and-a-half out of four stars, writing, "The Ya-Ya Sisterhood is rubber-stamped from the same mold that has produced an inexhaustible supply of fictional Southern belles who drink too much, talk too much, think about themselves too much, try too hard to be the most unforgettable character you've ever met, and are, in general, insufferable." He added, "There is not a character in the movie with a shred of plausibility, not an event that is believable, not a confrontation that is not staged, not a moment that is not false."[4] Todd McCarthy of Variety similarly remarked, "While there are pleasures to be had from watching so many grand actresses strut their stuff, the fact is that the overriding preoccupation here rests with surface impressions rather than psychological probity."[5]
Conversely, Stephen Holden of The New York Times gave the film a more positive review, describing it as "resolutely for and about women" and observing, "For all its failed connections, Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood is nurturing, in a gauzy, dithering way."[6] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times also praised the film, saying, "This is a work of excess and passion, an untidy sprawl of a motion picture that is sometimes ragged, occasionally uncertain, but--and this is what's important--always warm, accessible and rich in emotional life."[7]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ June 7-9, 2002 Weekend
Jump up ^ "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (June 7, 2002). "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ McCarthy, Todd (May 9, 2002). "Review: 'Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood'". Variety. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Holden, Stephen (June 7, 2002). "FILM REVIEW; Girlhood Chums, Rallying Round". The New York Times. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Turan, Kenneth (June 7, 2002). "Forever Ya-Yas: In a heartfelt film adaptation, four friends cherish their lifelong sisterhood". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (film)
Official website
Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood on IMDb
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Divine_Secrets_of_the_Ya-Ya_Sisterhood_(film)&oldid=825232255"
Categories:
2002 films
English-language films
American comedy-drama films
American female buddy films
Buddy drama films
Directorial debut films
Films based on American novels
Films based on short fiction
Films based on multiple works of a series
Films set in 1937
Films set in Louisiana
Films shot in North Carolina
Warner Bros. films
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikiquote
Languages
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Français
Italiano
ქართული
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
8 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 12 February 2018, at 05:45.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: colspan class style

values: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood film.jpg

attrs: scope style

values:
/wiki/T-Bone_Burnett
mw-redirect
T-Bone Burnett

values:
/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures
mw-redirect
Warner Bros. Pictures

values:
/wiki/Nervous_breakdown
mw-redirect
Nervous breakdown

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: q:Special:Search/Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (film)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://yayasisterhood.warnerbros.com

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0279778/
external text

values: Category:Films based on multiple works of a series

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: Ya-ya søstrenes guddommelige hemmeligheder (film) – Danish

values: Die göttlichen Geheimnisse der Ya-Ya-Schwestern – German

values: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood – Spanish

values: I sublimi segreti delle Ya-Ya sisters – Italian

values: დები ია-იას ღვთაებრივი საიდუმლოები (ფილმი) – Georgian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood – Dutch

values: ヤァヤァ・シスターズの聖なる秘密 – Japanese

values: Ya-Ya jentenes hemmelige nedtegnelser – Norwegian

values: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (Film) – Low German

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nds
display: none;

values: Boskie sekrety siostrzanego stowarzyszenia Ya-Ya – Polish

values: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood – Portuguese

values: Божанствене тајне Ја-Ја сестринства – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values: Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood (film) – Serbo-Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: Ya-Ya flickornas gudomliga hemligheter – Swedish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Divine_Secrets_of_the_Ya-Ya_Sisterhood_film rootpage-Divine_Secrets_of_the_Ya-Ya_Sisterhood_film skin-vector action-view


text:
Androscoggin River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Androscoggin River
Drift boat fly fishing on the Androscoggin near Errol, NH
Country
United States
States
Maine, New Hampshire
Tributaries
- left Sunday River, Dead River
- right Magalloway River, Peabody River, Wild River
Cities
Auburn, Lewiston, Berlin
Source
Umbagog Lake
- location Coos County, New Hampshire
- elevation 1,243 ft (379 m) [1]
- coordinates 44°46′59″N 71°3′41″W / 44.78306°N 71.06139°W / 44.78306; -71.06139 [2]
Mouth
Kennebec River
- location Merrymeeting Bay, Sagadahoc County, Maine
- elevation 0 ft (0 m) [3]
- coordinates 43°57′2″N 69°52′39″W / 43.95056°N 69.87750°W / 43.95056; -69.87750Coordinates: 43°57′2″N 69°52′39″W / 43.95056°N 69.87750°W / 43.95056; -69.87750 [2]
Length
164 mi (264 km) [4]
Basin
3,450 sq mi (8,935 km2) [4]
Discharge
for Auburn
- average 6,174 cu ft/s (175 m3/s) [5]
- max 135,000 cu ft/s (3,823 m3/s)
- min 340 cu ft/s (10 m3/s)
Map of the Androscoggin River watershed
[hide]
Androscoggin River
Legend
Errol
Clear Stream
Mollidgewock Brook
Pontook Reservoir
Chickwolnepy Stream
Milan
Berlin
Dead River
Cascade
Boston & Maine
Moose River
Gorham
Peabody River
Shelburne
enters Maine
Wild River
Gilead
Pleasant River
US 2 Bethel
Alder River
Sunday River
Bear River
Ellis River
SR 232
Concord River
South Rumford
Rumford Falls
SR 108
Rumford
Swift River
Mexico
Dixfield
Webb River
SR 140 Canton
Riley
Jay
MEC Rumford branch
Chisholm
SR 4
Livermore Falls
Dead River
SR 219 Leeds
Nezinscot River
Turner
Gulf Island Dam
Deer Rips Dam
Lewiston
MEC Back road
US 202
Auburn Riverwalk
Little Androscoggin River
Auburn
I‑95
Sabattus River
Lisbon Falls
SR 9
Little River
I‑295
MEC Lewiston Branch
US 201, Brunswick
MEC Lower road
SR 196
Merrymeeting Bay
The Androscoggin River is a river in the U.S. states of Maine and New Hampshire, in northern New England. It is 178 miles (286 km)[6] long and joins the Kennebec River at Merrymeeting Bay in Maine before its water empties into the Gulf of Maine on the Atlantic Ocean. Its drainage basin is 3,530 square miles (9,100 km2) in area. The name "Androscoggin" comes from the Eastern Abenaki term /aləssíkɑntəkw/ or /alsíkɑntəkw/, meaning "river of cliff rock shelters" (literally "thus-deep-dwelling-river"); or perhaps from Penobscot /aləsstkɑtəkʷ/, meaning "river of rock shelters". The Anglicization of the Abenaki term is likely an analogical contamination with the colonial governor Edmund Andros. [7][8]
Contents
[hide]
1 Course
2 Water quality
3 Streamflow
4 Angling the Androscoggin
5 History
6 Major tributaries
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Course[edit]
The Androscoggin begins in Errol, New Hampshire, where the Magalloway River joins the outlet of Umbagog Lake. The river flows generally south but with numerous bends past the towns of Errol and Milan and the city of Berlin before turning east at the town of Gorham, New Hampshire, to cut across the northern end of the White Mountains and enter Maine. Continuing east, the river passes the towns of Bethel, Rumford, and Dixfield before turning south at the town of Livermore Falls and leaving the mountains behind. The river passes through the twin cities of Lewiston and Auburn, turns southeast, passes the community of Lisbon Falls and reaches tidewater just below the final falls in the town of Brunswick. Merrymeeting Bay is a 10-mile-long (16 km) freshwater estuary where the Androscoggin meets the Kennebec River nearly 20 miles (32 km) inland from the Atlantic Ocean.
Water quality[edit]
The Androscoggin was once heavily polluted by a variety of textile mills, paper mills, and other industries located along its banks, and helped inspire the Clean Water Act.[9] Although the river has benefited greatly from environmental work and the departure of certain types of industry from the region, recent EPA test results indicate unacceptably high levels of mercury-contaminated wastewater are still being discharged into the river from numerous paper mills. One environmentalist group has cited the results in calling the Androscoggin one of the 20 most polluted rivers in America.[10] One 14-mile (23 km) stretch requires oxygen bubblers to prevent fish from suffocating.[9] As of May 2007, environmental groups had a lawsuit pending, in an attempt to force the paper mills located along the river to clean their waste streams. Companies have resisted, citing cost.[9]
Streamflow[edit]
Power canal along the Androscoggin River in Gorham, New Hampshire
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) maintains four river flow gauges on the Androscoggin River. All four are below one or more dams.
The first is at Errol, New Hampshire (44°46′57″N 71°07′46″W / 44.78250°N 71.12944°W / 44.78250; -71.12944), where the watershed is 1,046 square miles (2,710 km2). Flow here has ranged from 16,500 to 0 ft³/s (467 and 0 m³/s) (zero flow when dam closed). The mean annual flow between 1905 and 2005 is 1,919 ft³/s (54.3 m³/s).
The second is near Gorham, New Hampshire (44°26′10″N 71°11′27″W / 44.43611°N 71.19083°W / 44.43611; -71.19083), where the watershed is 1,361 square miles (3,520 km2). Flow here has ranged from 21,900 to a mean daily low of 795 ft³/s (620 and 22.5 m³/s) (lows when dam closed). The mean annual flow between 1905 and 2005 is 2,512 ft³/s (71 m³/s).
The third is at Rumford, Maine (44°33′04″N 70°32′38″W / 44.55111°N 70.54389°W / 44.55111; -70.54389), where the watershed is 2,068 square miles (5,360 km2). Flow here has ranged from 74,000 to 625 ft³/s (2,094 and 17.7 m³/s). The mean annual flow between 1905 and 2005 is 3,801 ft³/s (107.6 m³/s).
The fourth is at Auburn, Maine (44°04′20″N 70°12′31″W / 44.07222°N 70.20861°W / 44.07222; -70.20861), where the watershed is 3,263 square miles (8,450 km2). Flow here has ranged from 135,000 to 340 ft³/s (3,820.5 and 9.6 m³/s).[5]
Angling the Androscoggin[edit]
The Androscoggin River is a popular fishing destination for anglers seeking brook, rainbow and brown trout, as well as landlocked salmon and smallmouth bass. The upper reaches near Errol, New Hampshire, are popular with local and visiting fly fishermen for the chance to catch landlocked salmon from a drift boat. Although the upper reaches contain some bass, the river warms as it flows into Maine, and smallmouth bass are the chief quarry in its lower reaches.
History[edit]
Stereoscopic image "Under the bridge at Berlin Falls", by the Bierstadt Brothers
The ancient name for the river was Pescedona, which is Abenaki for "a branch".
According to the USGS, variant names for the Androscoggin River include Amasagu'nteg, Amascongan, Ambrose Coggin, Ammeriscoggin, Ammoscoggin, Amos Coggin, Amoscommun, Anasagunticook, Anconganunticook, Andrews Coggin, Andros Coggan, Andros Coggin, Androscoggen, Andrus Coggin, Aumoughcaugen, and Ameriscoggin River.
The average Androscoggin drop of eight feet per mile made it an excellent source of water power encouraging development of the cities of Berlin, New Hampshire, and Lewiston and Auburn, Maine, and the Maine towns of Brunswick, Topsham, Lisbon Falls, Livermore Falls, Chisholm, Mexico, Rumford and Bethel.[11]
Major tributaries[edit]
Listed from source to mouth of Androscoggin, with location of tributary's mouth:
Magalloway River, Errol, New Hampshire
Clear Stream, Errol, New Hampshire
Mollidgewock Brook, Errol, New Hampshire
Chickwolnepy Stream, Milan, New Hampshire
Dead River, Berlin, New Hampshire
Moose Brook, Gorham, New Hampshire
Moose River, Gorham, New Hampshire
Peabody River, Gorham, New Hampshire
Wild River, Gilead, Maine
Pleasant River, Bethel, Maine
Alder River, Bethel, Maine
Sunday River, Bethel, Maine
Bear River, Newry, Maine
Ellis River, Rumford, Maine
Concord River, Rumford, Maine
Swift River, Rumford and Mexico, Maine
Webb River, Dixfield, Maine
Dead River, Leeds, Maine
Nezinscot River, Turner, Maine
Little Androscoggin River, Auburn, Maine
Sabattus River, Lisbon, Maine
Little River, Lisbon Falls, Maine
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Google Earth elevation for GNIS source coordinates.
^ Jump up to: a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Androscoggin River, USGS GNIS.
Jump up ^ Google Earth elevation for GNIS mouth coordinates.
^ Jump up to: a b "Androscoggin Watershed". MaineRivers.org. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Water Resources Data - Maine, Water Year 2005, USGS Water Data Reports for the United States, 2005.
Jump up ^ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map Archived 2012-04-05 at WebCite, accessed June 30, 2011
Jump up ^ Bright, William (2004). Native American placenames of the United States. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-8061-3598-4. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
Jump up ^ Dean R. Snow, "Eastern Abenaki", in Handbook of North American Indians, ed. Bruce G. Trigger (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1978), 15:146.
^ Jump up to: a b c Sharon, Susan (May 17, 2007). "Cities Battle over River's Pollution Level". NPR. Retrieved December 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.wmtw.com/news/21394672/detail.html
Jump up ^ DeLorme Mapping Company, The Maine Atlas and Gazetteer (13th edition) (1988) ISBN 0-89933-035-5 maps 6,10,11&19
Further reading[edit]
McFarlane, Wallace Scot, “Defining a Nuisance: Pollution, Science, and Environmental Politics on Maine’s Androscoggin River,” Environmental History, 17 (April 2012), 307–35.
External links[edit]
MaineRivers.org Androscoggin River profile
Real-time flow data for the Errol, NH, Gorham, NH, Rumford, ME, and Auburn, ME gages.
U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Androscoggin River
USGS River Basin Info
Androscoggin River Watershed Council
Characterization of Mercury Contamination in the Androscoggin River, Coos County, New Hampshire United States Geological Survey
[show]
v
t
e
Androscoggin River watershed
Tributaries
Alder River
Bear River
Cathance River
Chickwolnepy Stream
Clear Stream
Concord River
Cupsuptic River
Dead Cambridge River
Dead Diamond River
Dead River (ME)
Dead River (NH)
Dead River (Sabattus)
East Branch Cupsuptic River
East Branch Dead Diamond River
East Branch Nezinscot River
East Branch Pleasant River
East Branch Swift River
Ellis River
First East Branch Magalloway River
Kennebago River
Little Androscoggin River
Little Dead Diamond River
Little East Branch Cupsuptic River
Little Magalloway River
Little River
Magalloway River
Middle Branch Dead Diamond River
Middle Branch Little Magalloway River
Mollidgewock Brook
Moose Brook
Moose River
Muddy River
Nezinscot River
Peabody River
Pleasant River
Rangeley River
Rapid River
Rattle River
Sabattus River
Sanborn River
Second East Branch Magalloway River
South Branch Little Dead Diamond River
South Branch Sunday River
Sunday River
Swift Cambridge River
Swift Diamond River
Swift River
Third East Branch Magalloway River
Webb River
West Branch Dead Diamond River
West Branch Ellis River
West Branch Little Dead Diamond River
West Branch Little Magalloway River
West Branch Magalloway River
West Branch Nezinscot River
West Branch Peabody River
West Branch Pleasant River
West Branch Swift River
Wild River
Lakes
Akers Pond
Androscoggin Lake
Lake Auburn
Aziscohos Lake
Echo Lake
Greenough Pond
Kennebago Lake
Mooselookmeguntic Lake
Parker Pond
Parmachenee Lake
Pontook Reservoir
Range Ponds
Rangeley Lake
Richardson Lakes
Sabattus Pond
Success Pond
Thompson Lake
Tripp Pond
Umbagog Lake
Webb Lake
Towns
Albany
Andover
Auburn
Berlin
Bethel
Bowdoin
Brunswick
Buckfield
Byron
Cambridge
Canton
Carthage
Chesterville
Dixfield
Dummer
Durham
Errol
Fayette
Gilead
Gorham
Greene
Greenwood
Hanover
Hartford
Hebron
Jay
Leeds
Lewiston
Lisbon
Livermore
Livermore Falls
Mechanic Falls
Mexico
Minot
Monmouth
Mount Vernon
Newry
Norway
Otisfield
Oxford
Paris
Peru
Pittsburg
Poland
Randolph
Rangeley
Readfield
Roxbury
Rumford
Sabattus
Shelburne
Sumner
Topsham
Turner
Upton
Vienna
Wales
Wayne
Weld
Wentworth's Location
West Paris
Woodstock
Landmarks
Brown Company
Maine Central Railroad
Old Speck Mountain
Range Ponds State Park
Rumford Mill
St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
White Mountains
[show]
v
t
e
Rivers of New Hampshire
Androscoggin River Watershed
Androscoggin River
Chickwolnepy Stream
Clear Stream
Dead Diamond River
Dead River
East Branch Dead Diamond River
Little Dead Diamond River
Little Magalloway River
Magalloway River
Middle Branch Dead Diamond River
Middle Branch Little Magalloway River
Mollidgewock Brook
Moose Brook
Moose River
Peabody River
Rattle River
South Branch Little Dead Diamond River
Swift Diamond River
West Branch Dead Diamond River
West Branch Little Dead Diamond River
West Branch Little Magalloway River
West Branch Magalloway River
West Branch Peabody River
Wild River
Connecticut River Watershed
Ammonoosuc River
Ashuelot River
Blow-me-down Brook
The Branch
Cold River
Connecticut River
East Branch Mohawk River
Gale River
Great Brook
Halls Stream
Ham Branch
Indian River
Indian Stream
Israel River
Johns River
Knox River
Little River
Little Sugar River
Mascoma River
Millers River
Mink Brook
Mirey Brook
Mohawk River
Nash Stream
North Branch Gale River
North Branch Millers River
North Branch Sugar River
North Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River
Oliverian Brook
Otter Brook
Partridge Brook
Perry Stream
Phillips Brook
Simms Stream
South Branch Ashuelot River
South Branch Gale River
South Branch Israel River
South Branch Sugar River
Stocker Brook
Sugar River
Tarbell Brook
Upper Ammonoosuc River
West Branch Mohawk River
West Branch Upper Ammonoosuc River
Wild Ammonoosuc River
Zealand River
Merrimack River Watershed
Baboosic Brook
Back River
Baker River
Bear Brook
Beards Brook
Beaver Brook
Beebe River
Big River
Black Brook
Blackwater River
Cockermouth River
Cohas Brook
Contoocook River
East Branch Baker River
East Branch Pemigewasset River
Fowler River
Frazier Brook
Gridley River
Gunstock River
Lane River
Little Massabesic Brook-Sucker Brook
Little River (Big River)
Little River (Merrimack River)
Little Suncook River
Lost River
Mad River
Melvin River
Merrimack River
Merrymeeting River
Middle Branch Piscataquog River
Nashua River
Newfound River
Nissitissit River
North Branch Contoocook River
North Fork East Branch Pemigewasset River
Nubanusit Brook
Pemigewasset River
Pennichuck Brook
Piscataquog River
Powwow River
Purgatory Brook
Red Hill River
Salmon Brook
Shedd Brook
Smith River
Soucook River
Souhegan River
South Branch Baker River
South Branch Piscataquog River
South Branch Souhegan River
Spicket River
Squam River
Stony Brook
Suncook River
Tioga River
Turkey River
Warner River
West Branch Mad River
West Branch Souhegan River
West Branch Warner River
Winnipesaukee River
Piscataqua River/NH Atlantic Coast Watershed
Bean River
Bellamy River
Berrys River
Blackwater River
Branch River
Browns River
Bunker Creek
Cochecho River
Drakes River
Ela River
Exeter River
Fresh River
Hampton Falls River
Hampton River
Isinglass River
Jones Brook
Lamprey River
Little River (New Hampshire Atlantic coast)
Little River (Brentwood)
Little River (Exeter)
Little River (Lamprey River)
Mad River
North Branch River
North River
Old River
Oyster River
Pawtuckaway River
Piscassic River
Piscataqua River
Rattlesnake River
Salmon Falls River
Squamscott River
Taylor River
Winnicut River
Saco River Watershed
Bearcamp River
Beech River
Chocorua River
Cold River (Bearcamp River)
Cold River
Cutler River
Dan Hole River
Deer River
Dry River
East Branch Saco River
East Branch Whiteface River
East Fork East Branch Saco River
Ellis River
Little Cold River
Lovell River
Mad River
Middle Branch Mad River
Mill Brook
New River
Ossipee River
Pequawket Brook
Pine River
Rocky Branch
Saco River
Sawyer River
Shepards River
South Branch Mad River
South River
Swift River (Bearcamp River)
Swift River (Saco River)
West Branch
Whiteface River
Wildcat Brook
Wonalancet River
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Androscoggin_River&oldid=833737755"
Categories:
Tributaries of the Kennebec River
Rivers of Coos County, New Hampshire
Rivers of New Hampshire
Rivers of Sagadahoc County, Maine
Rivers of Androscoggin County, Maine
Rivers of Oxford County, Maine
Rivers of Maine
Northern Forest Canoe Trail
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template webcite links
Coordinates on Wikidata
Geobox usage tracking for river type
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Чӑвашла
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Français
Italiano
Русский
Edit links
This page was last edited on 2 April 2018, at 04:57.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.25em; background-color: #b3cce4;

attrs: class title

values:
mergedtoprow
Location name (local name)

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Drift Boat Fishing on the Androscoggin River.jpg

value: span

values: Country/Countries in which the site lies

values:
mergedrow
State/States in which the site lies

values: Major tributaries observed as the river flows

values:
/wiki/Sunday_River_(Androscoggin_River)
mw-redirect
Sunday River (Androscoggin River)

values:
/wiki/Dead_River_(Androscoggin_River)
mw-redirect
Dead River (Androscoggin River)

values: Major left tributaries observed as the river flows

values:
/wiki/Wild_River_(Androscoggin_River)
mw-redirect
Wild River (Androscoggin River)

values: Major right tributaries observed as the river flows

values:
mergedrow
Major settlements which lie in the site

values:
/wiki/Coos_County,_New_Hampshire
mw-redirect
Coos County, New Hampshire

values:
mergedrow
Source elevation above sea level (ASL)

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
mergedrow
Mouth elevation above sea level (ASL)

values:
mergedrow
Drainage basin/catchment area/watershed

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

values: width: 256px; padding: 0; font-size: 89%;

values:
collapseButton0
#
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values: display:table;width:unset;line-height:0;padding:0 !important;margin:0 auto !important

values:
/wiki/Boston_%26_Maine
mw-redirect
Boston & Maine

values:
/wiki/Bear_River_(Androscoggin_River)
mw-redirect
Bear River (Androscoggin River)

values:
/wiki/U.S._Route_202_in_Maine
mw-redirect
U.S. Route 202 in Maine

values:
/wiki/Interstate_95_(Maine)
mw-redirect
Interstate 95 (Maine)

values:
/wiki/Little_River_(Androscoggin_River)
mw-redirect
Little River (Androscoggin River)

values:
/wiki/U.S._Route_201_in_Maine
mw-redirect
U.S. Route 201 in Maine

values: float:right;clear:right;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1em;margin-left:1em;empty-cells:show;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;background:#F9F9F9;box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .14), 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .12), 0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); -moz-box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .14), 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .12), 0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .14), 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .12), 0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2);

values:
/wiki/Abnaki_language
mw-redirect
Abnaki language

values:
/wiki/Penobscot_people
mw-redirect
Penobscot people

values:
/wiki/Textile_mill
mw-redirect
Textile mill

values: United States Environmental Protection Agency

values:
/wiki/U.S._Geological_Survey
mw-redirect
U.S. Geological Survey

values:
/wiki/Bierstadt_Brothers
mw-redirect
Bierstadt Brothers

values:
/wiki/Water_power
mw-redirect
Water power

values:
/wiki/Bear_River_(Maine)
mw-redirect
Bear River (Maine)

values:
/wiki/Dead_River_(Leeds,_Maine)
mw-redirect
Dead River (Leeds, Maine)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://mainerivers.org/androscoggin.htm

values:
nofollow
http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/huc_name.html

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.avcnet.org/arwc/index.html

values:
nofollow
external text
https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo40747

values:
/wiki/Dead_River_(Sabattus_River)
mw-redirect
Dead River (Sabattus River)

values: East Branch Pleasant River (Pleasant River)

values: West Branch Pleasant River (Pleasant River)

values:
/wiki/Aziscohos_Lake
mw-redirect
Aziscohos Lake

values:
/wiki/Kennebago_Lake
mw-redirect
Kennebago Lake

values:
/wiki/Sabattus_Pond
mw-redirect
Sabattus Pond

values:
/wiki/Thompson_Lake_(Maine)
mw-redirect
Thompson Lake (Maine)

values:
/wiki/Albany,_Maine
mw-redirect
Albany, Maine

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Cold_River_(Connecticut_River)
mw-redirect
Cold River (Connecticut River)

values: East Branch Mohawk River (New Hampshire)

values:
/wiki/Great_Brook_(Cold_River)
mw-redirect
Great Brook (Cold River)

values:
/wiki/Little_River_(Ammonoosuc_River)
mw-redirect
Little River (Ammonoosuc River)

values:
/wiki/Otter_Brook_(Ashuelot_River)
mw-redirect
Otter Brook (Ashuelot River)

values: West Branch Mohawk River (New Hampshire)

values:
/wiki/Back_River_(Powwow_River)
mw-redirect
Back River (Powwow River)

values:
/wiki/Bear_Brook_(Suncook_River)
mw-redirect
Bear Brook (Suncook River)

values:
/wiki/Beaver_Brook_(Merrimack_River)
mw-redirect
Beaver Brook (Merrimack River)

values:
/wiki/Black_Brook_(Merrimack_River)
mw-redirect
Black Brook (Merrimack River)

values:
/wiki/Little_River_(Big_River)
mw-redirect
Little River (Big River)

values:
/wiki/Little_River_(Merrimack_River)
mw-redirect
Little River (Merrimack River)

values:
/wiki/Mad_River_(Pemigewasset_River)
mw-redirect
Mad River (Pemigewasset River)

values: North Fork East Branch Pemigewasset River

values:
/wiki/Salmon_Brook_(Merrimack_River)
mw-redirect
Salmon Brook (Merrimack River)

values:
/wiki/Smith_River_(Pemigewasset_River)
mw-redirect
Smith River (Pemigewasset River)

values:
/wiki/Stony_Brook_(Souhegan_River)
mw-redirect
Stony Brook (Souhegan River)

values: Blackwater River (Massachusetts–New Hampshire)

values: Little River (New Hampshire Atlantic coast)

values:
/wiki/Little_River_(Lamprey_River)
mw-redirect
Little River (Lamprey River)

values:
/wiki/Mad_River_(Cocheco_River)
mw-redirect
Mad River (Cocheco River)

values:
/wiki/Cold_River_(Bearcamp_River)
mw-redirect
Cold River (Bearcamp River)

values:
/wiki/Mad_River_(Cold_River)
mw-redirect
Mad River (Cold River)

values:
/wiki/Mill_Brook_(Swift_River)
mw-redirect
Mill Brook (Swift River)

values:
/wiki/South_River_(Ossipee_River)
mw-redirect
South River (Ossipee River)

values:
/wiki/Swift_River_(Bearcamp_River)
mw-redirect
Swift River (Bearcamp River)

values:
/wiki/Swift_River_(Saco_River)
mw-redirect
Swift River (Saco River)

values: Category:Tributaries of the Kennebec River

values: Category:Rivers of Coos County, New Hampshire

values: Category:Rivers of Sagadahoc County, Maine

values: Category:Rivers of Androscoggin County, Maine

values: Category:Webarchive template webcite links

values: Category:Geobox usage tracking for river type

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Androscoggin_River
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: Андроскоггин (юханшыв) – Chuvash

values: Андроскоггин (река) – Russian

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Androscoggin_River rootpage-Androscoggin_River skin-vector action-view