text:
Beas River
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For other uses, see Beas (disambiguation).
Beas River
The Beas River in Himachal Pradesh
Country
India
States
Himachal Pradesh, Punjab
Municipality
of the Indus
Source
Beas Kund
- location Himalayas, Himachal Pradesh
- coordinates 32°21′59″N 77°05′08″E / 32.36639°N 77.08556°E / 32.36639; 77.08556
Mouth
Sutlej River
- coordinates 31°09′16″N 74°58′31″E / 31.15444°N 74.97528°E / 31.15444; 74.97528Coordinates: 31°09′16″N 74°58′31″E / 31.15444°N 74.97528°E / 31.15444; 74.97528
Length
470 km (292 mi)
Basin
20.303 km2 (8 sq mi)
Discharge
for Mandi Plain
- average 499.2 m3/s (17,629 cu ft/s)
The Beas river flows into the Satluj and feeds into the Indus
The Beas River also known as the Biás or Bias,[1][2] (Sanskrit: विपाशा Vipāśā; Greek: Hyphasis),[3] is a river in north India. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 kilometres (290 mi) to the Sutlej River in the Indian state of Punjab.[4]
Its total length is 470 kilometres (290 mi) and its drainage basin is 20,303 square kilometres (7,839 sq mi) large.[5]
As of 2017 the river is home to a tiny isolated population of the Indus dolphin, the only one not located in Pakistan.[6]on 19 may 2018 a chemicalwas released from gurdapur sugar mills into the beas river which led to the decrease in the oxygen in water of beas river causing large scale death of fishes.
Contents
[hide]
1 Etymology
2 History
3 Course
4 Tragedy
5 Gallery
6 References
Etymology[edit]
The river was also known as Arjikuja of the Vedas, or Vipasha to the ancient Indians, and the Hyphasis to the Ancient Greeks.[7]
It is said that Beas is a misnomer for Vyasa (exchange of B with V and always truncation of the last vowel is common in North Indian languages) and is named after Veda Vyasa, the presiding patron of the river; he is said to have created it from its source lake, the Vyas Kund.[8]
History[edit]
Beas River in Himachal Pradesh
Beas River in Pathankot
The Beas River marks the eastern-most border of Alexander the Great's conquests in 326 BC. It was one of the rivers which created problems in Alexander's invasion of India. His troops mutinied here in 326 BCE, refusing to go any further; they had been away from home for eight years. Alexander shut himself in his tent for three days, but when his men did not change their desires he gave in, raising twelve colossal altars to mark the limit and glory of his expedition.[9][10]
According to the Kavyamimansa [11] of Rajasekhara, the kingdom-territories of the Gurjara-Pratihara monarch Mahipala I extended as far as the upper course of the river Beas in the north-west.[12]
In the 20th century, the river was developed under the Beas Project for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation purposes. The second-phase Pong Dam was completed in 1974 followed by the first-phase 140 kilometres (87 mi) upstream, Pandoh Dam in 1977. The Pong Dam served initially to primarily provide irrigation below Talwara but was soon developed as well for power generation; its power station has a 360 MW installed capacity. The Pandoh Dam diverts the river through a system of tunnels and channels to the 990 MW Dehar Power Station on the Sutlej River, connecting both rivers.[13][14]
Course[edit]
The river rises 4,361 metres (14,308 ft) above sea-level on the southern face of Rohtang Pass in Kullu. It traverses the Mandi District and enters the Kangra District at Sandhol, 590 metres (1,940 ft) above sea-level. During its lower course the Beas is crossed by numerous ferries, many of which consist of inflated skins (darais). Near Reh in Kangra District it divides into three channels, which reunite after passing Mirthal, 300 metres (980 ft) above sea-level. On meeting the Sivalik Hills in Hoshiarpur, the river sweeps sharply northward, forming the boundary with Kangra District. Then bending round the base of the Sivalik Hills, it takes the southerly direction, separating the districts of Gurdaspur and Hoshiapur. After touching the Jalandhar district for a short distance, the river forms the boundary between Amritsar and Kapurthala. Finally the Beas joins the river Sutlej at the south-western boundary of Kapurthala district of Punjab after a total course of 470 kilometres (290 mi). The chief tributaries are Bain, Banganga, Luni and Uhal. The Sutlej continues into Pakistani Punjab and joins the Chenab River at Uch near Bahawalpur to form the Panjnad River; the latter in turn joins the Indus River at Mithankot.
The water of the Beas river is allocated to India under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan.[15]
Tragedy[edit]
Main article: 2014 Beas River Tragedy
On 8 June 2014, 24 engineering students, and one tour operator, were drowned when the flood gates of the Larji dam were opened, allegedly without proper warnings and procedure. The water level rose suddenly to 5 to 6 feet (1.5 to 1.8 m), and the surge carried the students away.[16]
Gallery[edit]
Beas river and mountains as seen from Kullu
Tourists enjoy rafting on the Beas in Kullu
The Hanogi footbridge over Beas river, near Mandi
The Beas River on Mandi- Kullu route.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ The Land of the Five Rivers and Sindh. David Ross. London. 1883
Jump up ^ The Panjab, North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir. Sir James McCrone Douie. 1916, pp. 16-17, 22, 25-26, 52, 68, etc.
Jump up ^ The Panjab, North-West Frontier Province and Kashmir. Sir James McCrone Douie. 1916, p. 25
Jump up ^ "About District".
Jump up ^ Jain, Sharad K.; Agarwal, Pushpendra K.; Singh, Vijay P. (5 March 2007). Hydrology and water resources of India. Springer. p. 481. ISBN 978-1-4020-5179-1. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
Jump up ^ "Signs of hope as population of endangered Indus River dolphin jumps in Pakistan". WWF. Retrieved 2017-12-17.
Jump up ^ Beas The Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 7, p. 138..
Jump up ^ Wasini Pandey, Bindhy. Geoenvironmental hazards in Himalaya. Pg.58. Retrieved 2009-05-29.
Jump up ^ Travels into Bokhara, Lieut. Alex. Burnes FRS, London, John Murray, 1834, page 6
Jump up ^ "The Empire and Expeditions of Alexander the Great". World Digital Library. 1833. Retrieved 2013-07-26.
Jump up ^ Kavyamimansa of Rajasekhara, ch. XVII, P. 94
Jump up ^ Rama Shankar Tripathi (1989). History of Kanauj: To the Moslem Conquest. Motilal Banarsidass Publ. pp. 262–264. ISBN 812080404X, ISBN 978-81-208-0404-3.
Jump up ^ "Developmental History of Beas Project". Bhakra Beas Management Board. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
Jump up ^ "India: National Register of Large Dams 2009" (PDF). Central Water Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
Jump up ^ "The Indus Waters Treaty 1960" (PDF). World Bank. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/chandigarh/silent-river-beas-turned-into-watery-grave-within-seconds/article1-1227660.aspx
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beas River.
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beas_River&oldid=843571792"
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text:
What a Man (song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"Whatta Man" redirects here. For the South Korean song, see Whatta Man (I.O.I song).
"What a Man"
2002 UK vinyl re-release
Single by Linda Lyndell
Released
1968 (United States)
Format
7-inch single
Genre
Soul
Label
Volt
VOA-4001
Songwriter(s)
David Crawford
"What a Man" is a song written by Dave Crawford, and originally recorded for Stax Records' Volt imprint by Linda Lyndell, whose recording reached No. 50 on the Billboard R&B chart in 1968. The song was sampled and reinterpreted as "Whatta Man" in 1993 by Salt-n-Pepa with En Vogue; the version became a commercial success. In 2011, the German singer Lena Meyer-Landrut (credited as Lena) covered the song while retaining the original title and lyrics.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early versions
2 Salt-n-Pepa and En Vogue versions
2.1 Production
2.2 Critical reception
2.3 Commercial performance
2.4 Lyrics analyses
2.5 Music videos
2.6 Track listing
2.7 Charts
2.7.1 Weekly charts
2.7.2 Year-end charts
2.8 Awards and nominations
3 Lena version
3.1 Background
3.2 Music video
3.3 Track listings
3.4 Chart performance
3.5 Release history
4 Other cover versions and uses
5 References
6 External links
Early versions[edit]
Linda Lyndell, a white singer who had been a support act with James Brown and Ike & Tina Turner and then recommended to Stax Records by Otis Redding, recorded "What a Man".[1] The song was essentially improvised by Lyndell, record producer Dave Crawford, and the Stax studio musicians in Memphis, Tennessee. It was released as a single in 1968 with the B-side track "I Don't Know"; both songs were credited to and produced by Dave Crawford.[2] The single entered the Billboard Hot Rhythm & Blues Singles chart on August 24, 1968 and then peaked at number 50.[3] The record came to the attention of white supremacists in the Ku Klux Klan, who threatened Lyndell for associating with black musicians; as a result, she largely withdrew from the music business for the next 25 years.[1]
Laura Lee covered the song, released in 1970 as a single by the Cotillion Records with "Separation Line" as the B-side track.[4] Lee's version earned poor sales.[5]
Salt-n-Pepa and En Vogue versions[edit]
"Whatta Man"
Single by Salt-n-Pepa with En Vogue
from the album Very Necessary and Runaway Love
Released
December 2, 1993
Format
CD single
cassette single
Recorded
August 1993[6]
Genre
R&B
hip hop
funk
Length
4:42
Label
Next Plateau/London
Songwriter(s)
Cheryl James
Dave Crawford
Hurby "Luv Bug" Azor
Salt-n-Pepa singles chronology
"Shoop"
(1993) Shoop1993 "Whatta Man"
(1993) Whatta Man1993 "None of Your Business"
(1994) None of Your Business1994
En Vogue singles chronology
"What Is Love"
(1993) What Is Love1993 "Whatta Man"
(1993) Whatta Man1993 "Don't Let Go (Love)"
(1996) Don't Let Go (Love)1996
Production[edit]
In 1993, Salt-N-Pepa recorded the song retitled "Whatta Man" for Runaway Love, an EP by En Vogue, who is credited as the featured group. Hurby "Luv Bug" Azor wrote the rap lyrics and produced the version. Salt-N-Pepa sampled Lyndell's original recording and remade the song as a rap song throughout the recording.[7][8]
En Vogue sang the refrain of the song, "Whatta man, whatta man, whatta mighty good man."[9] "Whatta Man" became later featured in Salt-n-Pepa's 1993 album Very Necessary and then the album's second single released that same year. En Vogue sang the entire vocals on all original and remixed versions of this song, with the exception of the male vocals at the beginning of the song which were performed by brothers Troy and John Mitchell of the rap group 3 Feet.
Critical reception[edit]
The Gavin Report wrote about the song: "Whatta concept, pairing these goddesses of hip-hop with a killer track and some of the best lines heard in a long time. Though it was getting a healthy number of spins in several markets late last year, it's now starting to bust big."[10]
Commercial performance[edit]
"Whatta Man" was a major hit for Salt-N-Pepa and En Vogue, peaking at number three on the Billboard Hot 100, and at number seven on the UK Singles Chart. In the US, this version was certified platinum.[11] It was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group and the American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Single. "Whatta Man" was named #23 on VH1's countdown of the 100 Greatest Songs of the 1990s.
Lyrics analyses[edit]
Richard Harrington of The Washington Post interprets the song as "a celebration of strong men who stay home and care for kids."[12] Garth Baker-Fletcher, an Associate Professor of Religion from Texas College, interpreted the version's refrain as "praising a steady-thinking, family-values-yet-sexy man."[9] Writer Keith Boykin described the song portion, "Although most men are hos / He flows on the down low / Cuz I never heard about him with another girl," as if "rather than praise his faithfulness, the artists appreciate his discretion, while tacitly acknowledging his cheating." Moreover, Boykin said that "another girl" refers to Salt-N-Pepa's considerations of "heterosexual infidelity" and as if "some women [...] were publicly excusing their men for their down low behavior."[13]
Music videos[edit]
A music video was released on the week ending January 17, 1994[14] to promote the single. Tupac Shakur and Treach from Naughty by Nature make cameo appearances. The single's music video, directed by Matthew Rolston and filmed by cinematographer Derek M. Allen, won three MTV Video Music Awards: Best Dance Video, Best R&B Video, and Best Choreography in 1994.[citation needed] A New York magazine journalist Dinitia Smith wrote about the video: "Salt-N-Pepa have [sic] a warmth and sexual heat that make Madonna seem contrived and mechanical."[14]
Salt-n-Pepa later recorded a variation on their own, with slightly rewritten lyrics, for another music video as the one-time segment of Monday Night Football. In the Monday music video, the two women wearing tight short-sleeved clothes, including T-shirts containing their respective logos of two opposing teams, are seen in a gym complimenting two football players of their respective teams,[15][16] one white and one black, for the men's bodies and weight training efforts.[16] In contrast, the lyrics of the Monday Night Football music video say that "their man 'likes pushin'[,] spends quality ball with the fellas,' and 'takes a big hit, 'cause he's a real man.'" According to academic Nick Trujillo of California State University, Sacramento, the rap song may associate hypermasculinity "with combat sports such as [American] football." He further said that the standard version has the women rather choose men who do not play football but are good parental candidates and are comfortable with their masculinities, while the Monday music video "not only objectifie[s] football players as sex objects but also reinforce[s] stereotypes of black men as sexual performers and white men as loving fathers."[16]
Track listing[edit]
Maxi-single
"Whatta Man" (Video remix)
"Whatta Man" (Luvbug remix)
"Whatta Man" (12" Danny D remix)
"Push It" (remix)
"Let's Talk About AIDS"
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[17] 2
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[18] 27
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[19] 34
Canada Dance (RPM)[20] 4
Canadian Top Singles (RPM)[21] 13
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100)[22] 18
France (SNEP)[23] 28
Germany (Official German Charts)[24] 39
Iceland (Íslenski Listinn Topp 40)[25] 40
Ireland (IRMA)[26] 12
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[27] 14
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[28] 3
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[29] 10
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[30] 11
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[31] 37
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[32] 7
US Billboard Hot 100[33] 3
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[34] 3
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[35] 10
US Rhythmic (Billboard)[36] 1
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1994)
Position
Canada Dance (RPM)[37] 40
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[38] 38
US Billboard Hot 100[39] 14
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Award
1994 Won MTV Video Music Awards for Best Dance Video, Best R&B Video, and Best Choreography for "Whatta Man".
1995 Nominated for an American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Single ("Whatta Man").
1995 Nominated for a Grammy Award for Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group ("Whatta Man").
Lena version[edit]
"What a Man"
Single by Lena
from the album Good News Platinum edition
Released
2 September 2011
Format
CD single
Digital download
Recorded
2011
Genre
Pop
Length
2:54
Label
Universal Music
Songwriter(s)
David Crawford
Lena singles chronology
"Taken by a Stranger"
(2011) "What a Man"
(2011) "Stardust"
(2012)
"Taken by a Stranger"
(2011) "What a Man"
(2011) "Stardust"
(2012)
The 1968 Linda Lyndell/David Crawford version of the song was also covered by German singer Lena Meyer-Landrut as the theme song to the 2011 German film What a Man. It is featured on the Platinum edition her second studio album Good News, it will also feature on the Soundtrack for the movie. It was released on 2 September 2011 as CD single and Digital download in Germany.
Background[edit]
The single was released on 2 September 2011 for digital download on iTunes, the single included a Live version of the song "Good News". The song will be the theme song to the German movie What a Man.
Music video[edit]
A music video to accompany the release of "What a Man" was first released onto YouTube on 30 August 2011 at a total length of three minutes. The video features actor Matthias Schweighöfer.[40]
Track listings[edit]
Digital download[41]
No.
Title
Length
1. "What a Man" 2:54
2. "Good News" (Live) 3:24
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (2011)
Peak
position
Germany (Media Control AG)[42] 21
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Label
Format
Germany 2 September 2011[41] Universal Music Digital download
Other cover versions and uses[edit]
The television show Bill Nye the Science Guy features "Whatta Brain", a parody of this song by En Vogue parody band En Lobe, in the episode "Brain". Australian rock band New Waver covered the song in 1994 and released their cover as a Cassingle. Funny or Die released a version of this song with Bruno Mars singing and acting out various scenes, such as arm wrestling scene with many men competitors.
The original "What A Man" was performed in the movie The Sapphires and appears on the soundtrack album. It was used as Dan Wilson's intro music when he came up to bat for the Seattle Mariners. The Salt-N-Pepa version appears in a 2016 television commercial for Walmart.
A sub-unit of South Korean girl group I.O.I from Produce 101 sampled the hook of the Salt-n-Pepa version for their song "Whatta Man," which was released on August 9, 2016.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Ankeny, James. Biography of Linda Lyndell. AllMusic. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 20: R&B – Spotlights Predicted to Reach the Top 20 of the Top-Selling R&B Singles Chart". Billboard. July 13, 1968. p. 70. Retrieved November 18, 2016 – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2008). Joel Whitburn Presents Across the Charts: The 1960s. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. p. 242. Retrieved November 18, 2016 – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ Popoff, Martin (2010). Goldmine Standard Catalog of American Records 1948–1991 (7th ed.). Krause Publications via F+W. p. 70. Retrieved November 18, 2016 – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ Carpenter, Bil (2005). "Laura Lee". Uncloudy Days: The Gospel Music Encyclopedia. San Francisco: Backbeat Books via United Entertainment Media. Retrieved November 18, 2016 – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ "Updates from the industry".
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2000). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits. p. 215. Retrieved November 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Dean, Maury (2003). "Hip Rap Soul". Rock 'n' Roll Gold Rush: A Singles Un-Cyclopedia. New York City: Algora Publishing. p. 468. ISBN 0-87586-207-1. Retrieved November 27, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Baker-Fletcher, Garth Kasium (2007) [1996]. "Rap's 'Angry' Children". Xodus: An African-American Male Journey. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-8006-2918-2. Retrieved November 28, 2016 – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ Sholin, Dave. "Singles" (PDF). Gavin Report. Retrieved April 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ "American certifications – Salt 'n Pepa – Whatta Man". Recording Industry Association of America.
Jump up ^ Harrington, Richard (May 27, 1994). "Salt-N-Pepa Taking Control". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Boykin, Keith (2005). "Everbody's Doing It". Beyond the Down Low: Sex, Lies, and Denial in Black America. New York City: Carroll & Graf Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-78671-704-0.
^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Dinitia (January 17, 1994). "Straight Outta Queens: How Salt-N-Pepa Turned Rap on Its Head". New York. pp. 32–33. Retrieved November 28, 2016 – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ Guttmann, Allen (1996). "Erotic Athleticism and Popular Culture". The Erotic in Sports. New York City: Columbia University Press. p. 83. Retrieved November 28, 2016 – via Google Books.
^ Jump up to: a b c Trujillo, Nick (1995). "Machines, Missiles, and Men: Images of the Male Body on ABC's Monday Night Football". Sociology of Sport Journal. doi:10.1123/ssj.12.4.403. Republished in Contemporary Issues in Sociology of Sport (2001), edited by Andrew Yiannakis and Merrill J. Melnick. pp. 223–236. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics Inc. Reference to Salt-n-Pepa version is found in pp. 232–233.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
Jump up ^ "RPM Dance". RPM (Feb 28, 1994). Retrieved March 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Top Singles - Volume 59, No. 9, March 21, 1994". RPM. Retrieved October 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Eurochart Hot 100 Singles" (PDF). Music & Media. April 2, 1994. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man" (in French). Les classement single.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man". GfK Entertainment Charts.
Jump up ^ "Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 (19.05.1994-25.05.1994)" (PDF). Dagblaðið Vísir - Tónlist. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Irish Singles Chart – Search for song". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 19, 1994" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Salt 'N' Pepa feat. En Vogue – Whatta Man". Singles Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
Jump up ^ "Salt-N-Pepa Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Salt-N-Pepa Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Salt-N-Pepa Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Salt-N-Pepa Chart History (Rhythmic)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Canada Top 50 Dance Tracks of 1994".
Jump up ^ "End of Year Charts 1994". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Billboard Top 100 - 1994". Retrieved 2010-08-27.
Jump up ^ "Lena - What A Man".
^ Jump up to: a b "What a Man - Single von Lena". iTunes.
Jump up ^ "Chartverfolgung / Lena / Single" (in German). Phononet.Gmbh. Retrieved 2010-02-18.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Featured singles
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Other Songs
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Related articles
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=What_a_Man_(song)&oldid=849364394"
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