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Mary Poppins (film)
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Mary Poppins
Original poster
Directed by
Robert Stevenson
Produced by
Walt Disney
Bill Walsh
Screenplay by
Bill Walsh
Don DaGradi
Based on
Mary Poppins
by P. L. Travers
Starring
Julie Andrews
Dick Van Dyke
David Tomlinson
Glynis Johns
Music by
Richard Sherman (Songs)
Robert Sherman (Songs)
Irwin Kostal (Score)
Cinematography
Edward Colman
Edited by
Cotton Warburton
Production
company
Walt Disney Productions
Distributed by
Buena Vista Distribution
Release date
August 27, 1964 (1964-08-27)
Running time
139 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$4.4–6 million[2]
Box office
$102.3 million[3]
Mary Poppins is a 1964 American musical-fantasy film directed by Robert Stevenson and produced by Walt Disney, with songs written and composed by the Sherman Brothers. The screenplay is by Bill Walsh and Don DaGradi, loosely based on P. L. Travers's book series Mary Poppins. The film, which combines live-action and animation, stars Julie Andrews in her feature film debut as Mary Poppins, who visits a dysfunctional family in London and employs her unique brand of lifestyle to improve the family's dynamic. Dick Van Dyke, David Tomlinson, and Glynis Johns are featured in supporting roles. The film was shot entirely at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California using painted London background scenes.[4]
Mary Poppins was released on August 27, 1964, to critical acclaim. It received a total of 13 Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture – a record for any other film released by Walt Disney Studios – and won five; Best Actress for Andrews, Best Film Editing, Best Original Music Score, Best Visual Effects, and Best Original Song for "Chim Chim Cher-ee". In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[5] Mary Poppins is widely considered to be Walt Disney's crowning live-action achievement, his only film to gain a Best Picture nomination at the Oscars in his lifetime.[4]
A sequel titled Mary Poppins Returns, directed by Rob Marshall is scheduled to be released on December 25, 2018.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
2.1 Voices
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Pre-production
3.3 Casting
3.4 Filming
4 Music
4.1 Soundtrack
4.2 Deleted songs
4.3 Deleted scores and music
5 Release
5.1 Home media
6 Reception
6.1 Critical reception
6.2 Box office
6.3 Accolades
7 Legacy
8 Sequel
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Plot[edit]
In Edwardian London, 1910, Bert entertains a crowd as a one-man band when he senses a change in the wind. Afterwards, he directly addresses the audience, and gives them a tour of Cherry Tree Lane, stopping outside the Banks family’s home. George Banks returns home to learn from Winifred that Katie Nanna has left their service after Jane and Michael ran away again. They are returned shortly after by Constable Jones, who reveals the children were chasing a lost kite. The children ask their father to help build a better kite, but he dismisses them. Taking it upon himself to hire a new nanny, Mr. Banks advertises for a stern, no-nonsense nanny. Instead, Jane and Michael present their own advertisement for a kinder, sweeter nanny. Mr. Banks rips up the letter, and throws the scraps in the fireplace, but the remains of the advertisement magically float up, and out into the air.
The next day, a number of elderly, sour-faced nannies wait outside the Banks' home, but a strong gust of wind blows them away, and Jane and Michael witness a young nanny descending from the sky using her umbrella. Presenting herself to Mr. Banks, Mary Poppins calmly produces the children's restored advertisement, and agrees with its requests, but promises the astonished banker she will be firm with his children. As Mr. Banks puzzles over the advertisement's return, Mary Poppins hires herself, and convinces him it was originally his idea. She meets the children, then helps them tidy their nursery through song, before heading out for a walk in the park.
Outside, they meet Bert, working as a screever; Mary Poppins uses her magic to transport the group into one of the drawings. While the children ride on a carousel, Mary Poppins and Bert go on a leisurely stroll. Mary Poppins later enchants the carousel horses, and participates in a horse race, which she wins. While being asked to describe her victory, Mary Poppins announces the nonsense word "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious". However, the outing is ruined when a thunderstorm demolishes Bert's drawings, returning the group to London.
On another outing, the four meet Uncle Albert, who has floated up in the air due to his uncontrollable laughter; they join him for a tea party on the ceiling, telling jokes.
Mr. Banks becomes annoyed by the household's cheery atmosphere, and threatens to fire Mary Poppins. Instead, Mary Poppins inverts his attempt by convincing him to take the children to the bank for a day. Mr. Banks takes Jane and Michael to the bank, where they meet Mr. Dawes Sr. and his son. Mr. Dawes aggressively attempts to have Michael invest his tuppence in the bank, snatching it from him. Michael demands it back, causing other customers to misinterpret, and all demand their own money back, causing a bank run.
Jane and Michael flee the bank, getting lost in the East End until they run into Bert, now working as a chimney sweep, who escorts them home. The three and Mary Poppins venture onto the rooftops, where they have a song-and-dance number with other chimney sweeps, which spills out into the Banks' home. Mr. Banks returns, and receives a phone call from his employers. He speaks with Bert, who tells him he should spend more time with his children before growing up. Jane and Michael give their father Michael's tuppence in the hope to make amends.
Mr. Banks walks through London to the bank, where he is given a humiliating cashiering, and is dismissed. Looking to the tuppence for words, he blurts out "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious!", tells one of Uncle Albert's jokes, and happily heads home. Dawes mulls over the joke, but finally "gets" it, and floats up into the air, laughing.
The next day, the wind changes, meaning Mary Poppins must leave. A happier Mr. Banks is found at home, having fixed his children's kite, and takes the family out to fly it. In the park, the Banks meet Mr. Dawes Jr, who reveals his father died laughing from the joke, and re-employs Mr. Banks as a junior partner. With her work done, Mary Poppins flies away, with Bert bidding her farewell, telling her not to stay away too long.
Cast[edit]
Julie Andrews as Mary Poppins
Dick Van Dyke as Bert, the Chimney Sweep
Karen Dotrice and Matthew Garber
David Tomlinson as Mr. Banks
Hermione Baddeley and Reta Shaw
Julie Andrews as Mary Poppins, a magical and loving woman who descends down from the clouds in response to the Banks children's advertisement for a nanny. She is not only firm in her use of authority but gentle and kind as well, a major departure from the original books, in which the character was strict and pompous.[6]
Dick Van Dyke as Bert, a cockney jack-of-all-trades and Mary Poppins's closest friend, who is completely accustomed to her magic. Their playful interactions imply that they have known each other for a long time and that this kind of story has repeated itself many times. Bert has at least four jobs throughout the film: a one-man band, a pavement chalk artist, a chimney sweep, and a kite seller.
Dick Van Dyke also portrays Mr. Dawes Sr., the old director of the bank where Mr. Banks works. During the film's end titles, "Navckid Keyd", an anagram of Dick Van Dyke, is first credited as playing the role before the letters unscramble to reveal Van Dyke's name.
David Tomlinson as George Banks, Mary Poppins' employer and father of Jane and Michael. He works at the Dawes Tomes Mousley Grubbs Fidelity Fiduciary Bank in London. He is a driven and disciplined man.
Glynis Johns as Winifred Banks, the easily distracted wife of George Banks and the mother of Jane and Michael. She is depicted as a member of Emmeline Pankhurst's "Votes for Women" suffragette movement. Mrs. Banks was originally named Cynthia, but this was changed to the more English-sounding Winifred per Travers.[7]
Hermione Baddeley as Ellen, the maid of the Banks residence.
Karen Dotrice as Jane Banks.
Matthew Garber as Michael Banks.
Elsa Lanchester as Katie Nanna, the disgruntled nanny who quits the Banks family.
Arthur Treacher as Constable Jones, a police officer.
Reginald Owen as Admiral Boom, the Banks' eccentric neighbor and a naval officer. He has his first mate, Mr. Binnacle, fire a cannon from his roof every 8 a.m. and 6 p.m.
Ed Wynn as Uncle Albert, a jolly gentleman who suffers from an unknown condition where he floats in the air during fits of uncontrollable laughter. Although he likes having company over, he becomes very sad and cries when his guests have to leave (he falls back to the ground, since it is the inversion of laughing).
Reta Shaw as Mrs. Brill, the cook of the Banks residence.
Don Barclay as Mr. Binnacle, Admiral Boom's first mate.
Marjorie Bennett as Miss Lark, owner of the dog named Andrew, who frequently runs away.
Arthur Malet as Mr. Dawes Jr., the director's son and member of the board.
Jane Darwell as the "Bird Woman," an old woman who sells breadcrumbs for the pigeons on the steps of St Paul's Cathedral.
Marjorie Eaton as Miss Maya Persimmon.
Jimmy Logan as a doorman who chases after the children in the bank.
Alma Lawton as Mrs. Corry, an old shopkeeper of a gingerbread shop and mother of two daughters.
Betty Lou Gerson as Old Crone (uncredited)
Kay E. Kuter as Man in Bank (uncredited)
Doris Lloyd as Depositor (uncredited)
Queenie Leonard as Depositor (uncredited)
Voices[edit]
Julie Andrews as Robin, Female Pearly
Marc Breaux as Cow
Daws Butler as Penguin Waiter, Turtles
Peter Ellenshaw as Penguin Waiter
Paul Frees as Barnyard Horse
Bill Lee as Ram
Sean McClory as Bloodhound, Reporter #4
Dallas McKennon as Fox, Bloodhound, Penguin Waiter, Horse, Carousel Guard
Alan Napier as Huntsman, Reporter #3, Bloodhound
Marni Nixon as Geese
J. Pat O'Malley as Bloodhound, Hunting Horse, Master of Hounds, Pearly Drummer, Penguin Waiter, Photographer, Reporter #2
George Pelling as Bloodhound, Reporter #1
Thurl Ravenscroft as Hog, Andrew's Whimper
Richard M. Sherman as Penguin Waiter, Male Pearly
Robert B. Sherman as the "Bird Woman," Pearly Banjo Player
David Tomlinson as Penguin Waiter, Jockey, Race Track Stewards, Mr. Binnacle, Mary Poppins' Parrot Umbrella[8]
Ginny Tyler as Lambs
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
The first book in the Mary Poppins book series was the film's main basis. According to the 40th Anniversary DVD release of the film in 2004, Disney's daughters fell in love with the Mary Poppins books and made him promise to make a film based on them. Disney first attempted to purchase the film rights to Mary Poppins from P. L. Travers as early as 1938 but was rebuffed because Travers did not believe a film version of her books would do justice to her creation. In addition, Disney was known at the time primarily as a producer of cartoons and had yet to produce any major live-action work. For more than 20 years, Disney periodically made efforts to convince Travers to allow him to make a Poppins film. He finally succeeded in 1961, although Travers demanded and got script approval rights. The Sherman Brothers composed the music score and were also involved in the film's development, suggesting the setting be changed from the 1930s to the Edwardian era. Pre-production and song composition took about two years.
Pre-production[edit]
Travers was an adviser to the production. However, she disapproved of the dilution of the harsher aspects of Mary Poppins' character, felt ambivalent about the music, and so hated the use of animation that she ruled out any further adaptations of the later Mary Poppins novels.[9] She objected to a number of elements that actually made it into the film. Rather than original songs, she wanted the soundtrack to feature known standards of the Edwardian period in which the story is set. She also objected to the animated sequence. Disney overruled her, citing contract stipulations that he had final say on the finished print. Much of the Travers-Disney correspondence is part of the Travers collection of papers in the Mitchell Library of New South Wales, Australia. The relationship between Travers and Disney is detailed in Mary Poppins She Wrote, a biography of Travers, by Valerie Lawson. The biography is the basis for two documentaries on Travers, The Real Mary Poppins, and Lisa Matthews' The Shadow of Mary Poppins.[10][11][12] Their relationship during the development of the film was also dramatized in the 2013 film, Saving Mr. Banks.
Casting[edit]
Julie Andrews, who was making her feature film acting debut after a successful stage career, got the prime role of Mary Poppins soon after she was passed over by Jack L. Warner and replaced with Audrey Hepburn for the role of Eliza Doolittle in his screen adaptation of My Fair Lady, even though Andrews had originated the role on Broadway.[13] When Disney first approached Andrews about taking on the role, Andrews was three months pregnant and therefore was not sure she should take it. Disney assured her that the crew would be fine with waiting to begin filming until after she had given birth so that she could play the part.[14] Julie Andrews also provided the voice in two other sections of the film: during "A Spoonful of Sugar," she provided the whistling harmony for the robin, and she was also one of the Pearly singers during "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious." David Tomlinson, besides playing Mr. Banks, provided the voice of Mary's talking umbrella and numerous other voice-over parts (including that of Admiral Boom's first mate). During the "Jolly Holiday" sequence, the three singing Cockney geese were all voiced by Marni Nixon, a regular aural substitute for actresses with substandard singing voices. Nixon would later provide the singing voice for Hepburn in My Fair Lady and play one of Andrews' fellow nuns in The Sound of Music. Andrews later beat Hepburn for the Best Actress Award at the Golden Globes for their respective roles. Andrews would also win the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role. Hepburn did not receive a nomination. Richard Sherman, one of the songwriters, also voiced a penguin as well as one of the Pearlies.[15] Robert Sherman dubbed the speaking voice for Jane Darwell because Darwell's voice was too weak to be heard in the soundtrack. Sherman's voice is heard saying the only line: "Feed the Birds, Tuppence a bag."[16]
Disney cast Dick Van Dyke in the key supporting role of Bert after seeing his work on The Dick Van Dyke Show. After winning the role of Bert, Van Dyke lobbied to also play the senior Mr. Dawes, but Disney originally felt he was too young for the part. Van Dyke eventually won Disney over after a screen test.[17] Although he is fondly remembered for this film, Van Dyke's attempt at a Cockney accent is regarded as one of the worst film accents in history, cited as an example by actors since as something that they wish to avoid.[18] In a 2003 poll by Empire magazine of the worst film accents of all time, he came second.[19] Van Dyke claims that his accent coach was the Irish J. Pat O'Malley, who "didn't do an accent any better than I did".[20]
Filming[edit]
Filming took place between May and September 1963, with post-production and animation taking another 11 months.[21]
The film changed the book's storyline in a number of places. For example, Mary, when approaching the house, controlled the wind rather than the other way around. As another example, the father, rather than the mother, interviewed Mary for the nanny position. A number of other changes were necessary to condense the story into feature length. In the film, there are only two Banks children, Jane and Michael. The satirical and mysterious aspects of the original book gave way to a cheerful and "Disney-fied" tone. Mary Poppins' character as portrayed by Andrews in the film is somewhat less vain and more sympathetic towards the children compared to the rather cold and intimidating nanny of the original book. Bert, as played by Van Dyke, was a composite of several characters from Travers' stories. Travers demanded that any suggestions of romance between Mary and Bert be eliminated, so lyrics were written for "Jolly Holiday" that clearly indicated that their friendship was purely platonic; some subtle hints of romance, however, did remain in the finished film.
Music[edit]
Buena Vista Records released the original motion picture soundtrack on LP and reel-to-reel tape.[22] Due to time constraints, some songs were edited (such as "Step in Time" and "Jolly Holiday", "A Spoonful of Sugar"), while songs also featured introductory passages ("Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious") or completed endings ("Sister Suffragette", "Fidelity Fiduciary Bank", "A Man Has Dreams"). Written by Richard and Robert Sherman, the songs were inspired by Edwardian British music hall music.[23] The score won two Grammy Awards and two Academy Awards.[24][25]
Walt Disney Records re-issued the soundtrack in 1997, including a 16-minute track of unreleased songs and demo versions.[26] In 2004, as part of the 40th Anniversary (also called Special Edition), a 28-track disc (as part of a two-disc set) was released.[27] In 2014 (the 50th anniversary of the film's release), the soundtrack was released in a 3-CD edition as part of the Walt Disney Records The Legacy Collection series; this edition includes demos of many "lost" tracks.[28]
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: Mary Poppins (soundtrack)
All tracks are written by Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman.
Deleted songs[edit]
A number of other songs were written for the film by the Sherman Brothers and either rejected or cut for time. Richard Sherman, on the 2004 DVD release, indicated that more than 30 songs were written at various stages of the film's development. No cast recordings of any of these songs have been released to the public, only demos or later performances done by the songwriters — with the exception of the rooftop reprise of "Chim Chim Cher-ee" and the "smoke staircase yodel" mentioned below.
"The Chimpanzoo", was originally to follow "I Love to Laugh" during the Uncle Albert "ceiling tea party" sequence, but it was dropped from the soundtrack just before Julie Andrews and company were to record it. The fast-paced number was not unveiled to the public until Richard Sherman, aided by recently uncovered storyboards, performed it on the 2004 DVD edition. The re-creation suggests it was to have been another sequence combining animation and live action.
"Practically Perfect" was intended to introduce Mary but instead the melody of the piece was used for "Sister Suffragette" (used to introduce Mrs. Banks). A different song with the same name was written for the stage musical.
"The Eyes of Love", a romantic ballad intended for Bert and Mary, but according to Richard Sherman, Andrews suggested privately to Disney that this song was unsuitable. In response, "A Spoonful of Sugar" was written.
"Mary Poppins Melody" was to be performed when Mary introduces herself to the children. Elements of the song later became part of "Stay Awake". The melody was the basis for a couple of other songs that were ultimately cut from the film.
"A Name's a Name". Heard on a recording taken of a meeting between the Sherman Brothers and Travers, this song was originally intended for the nursery scene that later became "A Spoonful of Sugar". The melody was reused for "Mary Poppins Melody".
"You Think, You Blink" was a short piece that Bert was to sing just before entering the chalk painting (and starting the "Jolly Holiday" sequence). In the film, Dick Van Dyke simply recites the lyric instead of singing it.
"West Wind" was a short ballad to be sung by Mary. The song was later retitled "Mon Amour Perdu" and used in the later Disney film, Big Red.
"The Right Side" was to be sung by Mary to Michael after he gets out of bed cranky. It was recycled for the Disney Channel television series Welcome to Pooh Corner as Winnie the Pooh's personal theme song.
"Measure Up" was to accompany the scene in which Mary takes the tape measure to Jane and Michael.
"Admiral Boom" was to be the theme song for the cannon-firing neighbor of the Banks Residence, but it was cut by Walt Disney as being unnecessary. The melody of the song remains in the film, and the bombastic theme is heard whenever Boom appears onscreen. One line from this song ("The whole world takes its time from Greenwich, but Greenwich, they say, takes its time from Admiral Boom!") is spoken by Bert early in the film.
"Sticks, Paper and Strings" was an early version of "Let's Go Fly a Kite."
"Lead the Righteous Life", an intentionally poorly written hymn, was to have been sung by Katie Nanna (Elsa Lanchester) along with Jane and Michael prior to Mary Poppins' arrival. The melody was later reused for a similar song in The Happiest Millionaire
"The Pearly Song" was not deleted per se but was instead incorporated into "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious".
The Compass Sequence, a precursor to "Jolly Holiday", was to be a multiple-song sequence. A number of possible musical components have been identified:
"South Sea Island Symphony"
"Chinese Festival Song"
"Tim-Buc-Too" – elements of this were reused for "The Chimpanzoo" which was also cut
"Tiki Town" – the melody was reused for "The Chimpanzoo"
"North Pole Polka"
"Land of Sand" – later rewritten as "Trust in Me" for the animated version of The Jungle Book
"The Beautiful Briny" – later used in Bedknobs and Broomsticks
"East is East" – another variation on the unused "Mary Poppins Melody".
Deleted scores and music[edit]
The "Step in Time" sequence ends with the chimney sweeps being scattered by an onslaught of fireworks fired from Admiral Boom's house. In the final film, the scene plays out with sound effects and no music. The DVD release included the original version of the scene which was accompanied by a complex instrumental musical arrangement that combined "Step in Time", the "Admiral Boom" melody (see above), and "A Spoonful of Sugar". This musical arrangement can be heard on the film's original soundtrack.
Andrews recorded a brief reprise of "Chim Chim Cher-ee" which was to have accompanied Mary, Bert, and the children as they marched across the rooftops of London (an instrumental reprise of "A Spoonful of Sugar" was used as a march instead; however, Andrews and Dick Van Dyke can still be seen and heard singing a reprise of "Chim Chim Cher-ee" in that sequence, just before the other chimney sweeps appear for the "Step in Time" number).
The robin Mary Poppins whistles with in "A Spoonful of Sugar" originally sang a lyric as well.
Andrews also recorded a brief yodel which breaks into the first line of "A Spoonful of Sugar" which was to have been used to "activate" the smoke staircase prior to the "Step in Time" number. Although cut from the film, footage of Andrews performing this exists and was included on the 2004 DVD. The DVD also indicates that an alternate version of the yodel performed by Dick Van Dyke may also exist.
Release[edit]
Mary Poppins premiered on August 27, 1964, at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles.[21][29] Travers was not extended an invitation to the event, but managed to obtain one from a Disney executive. It was at the after-party that Richard Sherman recalled her walking up to Disney and loudly announcing that the animated sequence had to go. Disney responded, "Pamela, the ship has sailed," and walked away.[12]
Home media[edit]
Mary Poppins was first released in late 1980 on VHS, Betamax, CED and LaserDisc. On October 28, 1994, August 26, 1997, and March 31, 1998, it was re-released three times as part of the Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection. In 1998, this film became Disney's first DVD. On July 4, 2000, it was released on VHS and DVD as part of the Gold Classic Collection. On December 14, 2004, it had a 2-Disc DVD release in a Digitally Restored 40th Anniversary Edition as well as its final issue in the VHS Format. The film's audio track featured an "Enhanced Home Theater Mix" consisting of replaced sound effects (to make the soundtrack more "modern") and improved fidelity and mixing and some enhanced music (this version was also shown on 2006–2012 ABC Family airings of the movie.) On January 27, 2009, the film was released on DVD again as a 45th anniversary edition, with more language tracks and special features (though the film's "Enhanced Home Theater Mix" was not included.) Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on Blu-ray as the 50th Anniversary Edition on December 10, 2013.[30]
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
The film received universal acclaim from film critics.[31] Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 100% of critics gave the film a "fresh" rating, based on 44 reviews with an average score of 8.3/10. The site's consensus refers to it as "A lavish modern fairy tale celebrated for its amazing special effects, catchy songs, and Julie Andrews's legendary performance in the title role."[32]
Variety praised the film's musical sequences and the performances of Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke, in particular.[33] Time lauded the film, stating, "The sets are luxuriant, the songs lilting, the scenario witty but impeccably sentimental, and the supporting cast only a pinfeather short of perfection."[34]
Critic Drew Casper summarized the impact of Mary Poppins in 2011:
Disney was the leader, his musical fantasies mixing animation and truly marvelous f/x with real-life action for children and the child in the adult. Mary Poppins (1964) was his plum. ... the story was elemental, even trite. But utmost sophistication (the chimney pot sequence crisply cut by Oscared "Cotton" Warburton) and high-level invention (a tea party on the ceiling, a staircase of black smoke to the city's top) characterized its handling.[35]
Box office[edit]
The film earned $31 million in North American rentals during its initial run.[36] The film was re-released theatrically in 1973, in honor of Walt Disney Productions' 50th anniversary, and earned an estimated additional $9 million in North American rentals.[37] It was released once more in 1980 and grossed $14 million.[38] It returned a total lifetime rental of $45 million [39] to Disney from a gross of over $102 million from its North American theatrical releases.[3]
The film was the twentienth most popular sound film of the twentieth century in the UK with admissions of 14 million.[40]
The film was very profitable for Disney. Made on an estimated budget of $4.4–6 million,[2][41][42] it was reported by Cobbett Steinberg to be the most profitable film of 1965, earning a net profit of $28.5 million.[31][43] Walt Disney used his huge profits from the film to purchase land in central Florida and finance the construction of Walt Disney World.[44]
Accolades[edit]
Awards
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
Academy Awards[25] April 5, 1965 Best Picture Walt Disney and Bill Walsh Nominated
Best Director Robert Stevenson
Best Actress in a Leading Role Julie Andrews Won
Best Adapted Screenplay Don DaGradi and Bill Walsh Nominated
Best Cinematography, Color Edward Colman
Best Art Direction, Color Carroll Clark, William H. Tuntke, Emile Kuri and Hal Gausman
Best Costume Design, Color Tony Walton
Best Sound Robert O. Cook
Best Film Editing Cotton Warburton Won
Best Visual Effects Peter Ellenshaw, Eustace Lycett and Hamilton Luske
Best Original Song "Chim Chim Cher-ee" – Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman
Best Score Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman
Best Adaptation or Treatment Score Irwin Kostal Nominated
Golden Globe Awards[45] February 8, 1965 Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Robert Stevenson, Walt Disney and Bill Walsh
Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role – Musical or Comedy Dick Van Dyke
Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role – Musical or Comedy Julie Andrews Won
Best Original Score Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman Nominated
Grammy Awards[24] April 13, 1965 Best Recording for Children Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman, Julie Andrews, Dick Van Dyke, Glynis Johns, David Tomlinson, Ed Wynn Won
Best Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or Television Show Richard M. Sherman, Robert B. Sherman
New York Film Critics Circle[46] January 23, 1965 Best Actress Julie Andrews Nominated
Directors Guild of America Award[47] Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures Robert Stevenson
Writers Guild of America Award[48] Best Written American Musical Don DaGradi and Bill Walsh Won
Legacy[edit]
Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke were reteamed in the TV-movie Julie and Dick at Covent Garden (1974), directed by Julie's husband Blake Edwards
Mary Poppins is widely considered to be one of the greatest films of all time and Walt Disney's "crowning achievement".[49] It was the only film of Disney's to garner a "Best Picture" nomination at the Oscars in his lifetime.[50]
The film also inspired the eighth-season episode of The Simpsons entitled "Simpsoncalifragilisticexpiala(Annoyed Grunt)cious", featuring a parody of Mary called "Shary Bobbins" who helps out the Simpson family after Marge loses her hair due to stress, and spoofs of the songs "The Perfect Nanny", "A Spoonful of Sugar", "Feed The Birds" and "The Life I Lead".
Never at ease with the handling of her property by Disney or the way she felt she had been treated, Travers would never again agree to another Poppins/Disney adaptation. So fervent was Travers' dislike of the Disney adaptation and of the way she felt she had been treated during the production, that when producer Cameron Mackintosh approached her about the stage musical in the 1990s, she acquiesced on the condition that he used only English-born writers and no one from the film production were to be directly involved with creating the stage musical.[51]
American Film Institute
AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:
"Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" – #36
AFI's 100 Years of Musicals – #6[52]
Sequel[edit]
Main article: Mary Poppins Returns
On September 14, 2015, it was reported that a new film was in development by Walt Disney Pictures. The film will take place 20 years after the first, featuring a standalone narrative based on the remaining seven books in the series. Rob Marshall has been hired to direct, while John DeLuca and Marc Platt will serve as producers.[53]
See also[edit]
Film in the United States portal
Disney portal
1960s portal
List of American films of 1964
Mary Poppins (musical)
Saving Mr. Banks
English-language accents in film – Cockney
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Mary Poppins (U)". British Board of Film Classification. October 9, 1964. Retrieved December 4, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Michael Coate. "Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious: Remembering "Mary Poppins" on its 50th Anniversary". thedigitalbits.com.
^ Jump up to: a b "Mary Poppins (1964) – Release Summary – Box Office Mojo". boxofficemojo.com.
^ Jump up to: a b "Walt Disney-American Experience". Produced by PBS.
Jump up ^ "Library of Congress announces 2013 National Film Registry selections" (Press release). Washington Post. December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Grilli 2013, p. back cover.
Jump up ^ "When Mary was my top of the Poppins". Mail Online.
Jump up ^ Jim Korkis (August 14, 2013). "Mary Poppins Fun Facts". mouseplanet.com.
Jump up ^ Newman, Melinda (November 7, 2013). "'Poppins' Author a Pill No Spoonful of Sugar Could Sweeten". Variety. Retrieved November 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ Nance, Kevin (December 20, 2013). "Valerie Lawson talks 'Mary Poppins, She Wrote' and P.L Travers". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Shadow of Mary Poppins". Shop for a Film. Ronin Films. 2003. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Flanagan, Caitlin (December 19, 2005). "Becoming Mary Poppins". The New Yorker. Retrieved November 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Julie Andrews", Broadway, The American Musical, PBS; Thomas Hischak The Oxford Companion to the American Musical, New York: Oxford University Press, 2008, p.517
Jump up ^ "Julie Andrews Recalls Making 'Mary Poppins'". YouTube. October 16, 2012. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ DVD extra
Jump up ^ Source: Commentary on Mary Poppins on DVD
Jump up ^ Robert J. Elisberg (March 30, 2010). "Super-Cali-Fragilistic-Expial-Atrocious". Huffington Post. Retrieved March 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BBC NEWS – UK – Magazine – How not to do an American accent". bbc.co.uk. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Staff writers (June 30, 2003). "Connery 'has worst film accent'". BBC News. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Dick Van Dyke Plays Not My Job". Wait Wait ... Don't Tell Me!. October 23, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Williams & Denney 2004, p. 281.
Jump up ^ "Walt Disney's Mary Poppins (Original Cast Soundtrack)". Discogs. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Vincent Dowd (September 12, 2014). "Mary Poppins songwriter 'thrilled' at Proms singalong". BBC. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Past Winners Search". The GRAMMYs. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "37th Academy Awards (1965) Nominations and Wins for Mary Poppins". oscars.org. Archived from the original on February 8, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2014. Enter "Mary Poppins" in the 'Film Title' field and click 'Search'
Jump up ^ "Various – Mary Poppins (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". Discogs. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Richard M. Sherman And Robert B. Sherman, Irwin Kostal, Julie Andrews, Dick Van Dyke (2) – Mary Poppins". Discogs. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Richard M. Sherman & Robert B. Sherman – Mary Poppins (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". Discogs. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Lawson 2013, p. 245.
Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (December 10, 2013). "'Mary Poppins' star talks 50th anniversary and 'Saving Mr. Banks'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Steinberg, Cobbett (1980). Film Facts. New York: Facts on File, Inc. p. 25. ISBN 0-87196-313-2.
Jump up ^ "Mary Poppins (1964)". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved December 10, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Review: 'Mary Poppins'". Variety. December 31, 1963. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Cinema: Have Umbrella, Will Travel". Time. September 18, 1964. Retrieved December 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ Casper 2011, p. 1881.
Jump up ^ Variety "All Time Box-Office Champs", January 4, 1967 p. 9
Jump up ^ "Big Rental Films of 1973", Variety, January 9, 1974 p 19
Jump up ^ Caitlin Flanagan (December 19, 2005). "Becoming Mary Poppins". The New Yorker.
Jump up ^ "All-Time Top Film Rentals". Variety. 1998. Accessed October 7, 1999
Jump up ^ "The Ultimate Chart: 1–100". British Film Institute. 28 November 2004. Retrieved March 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Box Office Information for Mary Poppins". The Numbers. Retrieved March 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Hillier & Pye 2011, p. 136.
Jump up ^ When a film is released late in a calendar year (October–December), its income is reported in the following year's compendium, unless the film made a particularly fast impact (Steinberg, p. 17)
Jump up ^ Williams & Denney 2004, p. 285.
Jump up ^ "Browse Results". OFFICIAL WEBSITE OF THE GOLDEN GLOBE AWARDS. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "New York Film Critics Circle". freehostia.com. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Winner and Nominee Search – 1964". dga.org. Retrieved February 14, 2015. Enter "Mary Poppins" in the 'Keyword' field
Jump up ^ "Writers Guild Awards". wga.org. Archived from the original on April 12, 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Müller 2004, p. 260.
Jump up ^ Rosen, Mike; Hogan, Christopher (November 11, 2013). "Is Saving Mr. Banks the Movie Oscar Voters Have Been Waiting For?". VFHollywood. Condé Nast. Retrieved November 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Ouzounian, Richard (December 13, 2013). "P.L. Travers might have liked Mary Poppins onstage". The Toronto Star. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals – Official Ballot" (PDF).
Jump up ^ Snetiker, Marc (September 14, 2015). "Exclusive: Disney developing new original musical featuring Mary Poppins; Rob Marshall to direct". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Bibliography
Brody, Paul (February 20, 2013). The Real Life Mary Poppins: The Life and Times of P. L. Travers. BookCaps Study Guides. ISBN 978-1-62107-482-3.
Casper, Drew (March 1, 2011). Hollywood Film 1963–1976: Years of Revolution and Reaction. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4443-9523-5.
Grilli, Giorgia (October 18, 2013). Myth, Symbol, and Meaning in Mary Poppins. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-135-86801-7.
Hillier, Jim; Pye, Doug (May 24, 2011). 100 Film Musicals. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-84457-568-8.
Lawson, Valerie (December 3, 2013). Mary Poppins, She Wrote: The Life of P. L. Travers. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4767-6292-0.
Marshall, Bill; Stilwell, Robynn Jeananne (January 1, 2000). Musicals: Hollywood and Beyond. Intellect Books. ISBN 978-1-84150-003-4.
Müller, Jürgen (2004). Movies of the 60s. Taschen. ISBN 978-3-8228-2799-4.
Steinberg, Cobbett (1980). Film Facts. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-87196-313-0.
Williams, Pat; Denney, James (August 1, 2004). How to Be Like Walt: Capturing the Disney Magic Every Day of Your Life. Health Communications, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7573-0231-2.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mary Poppins.
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Mary Poppins (film)
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P. L. Travers' Mary Poppins
Books
Mary Poppins (1934)
Mary Poppins Comes Back (1935)
Mary Poppins Opens the Door (1943)
Mary Poppins in the Park (1952)
Mary Poppins From A to Z (1962)
Mary Poppins in the Kitchen (1975)
Mary Poppins in Cherry Tree Lane (1982)
Mary Poppins and the House Next Door (1988)
Characters
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Mr. Banks
Mrs. Banks
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Bert
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Admiral Boom
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Adaptations
Mary Poppins (1964 film)
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Mary Poppins, Goodbye (1983 musical miniseries)
Mary Poppins (2004 musical)
Saving Mr. Banks (2013 related film)
Mary Poppins Returns (2018 film)
Songs
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"The Life I Lead"
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That Darn Cat! (1965)
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Tangled (2010)
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Frozen (2013)
Big Hero 6 (2014)
Zootopia (2016)
Moana (2016)
Ralph Breaks the Internet: Wreck-It Ralph 2 (2018)
Frozen 2 (2019)
Live-action films
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The Reluctant Dragon (1941)
Victory Through Air Power (1943)
Song of the South (1946)
So Dear to My Heart (1948)
Mary Poppins (1964)
Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
Pete's Dragon (1977)
Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
Enchanted (2007)
DisneyToon Studios
films
DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp (1990)
A Goofy Movie (1995)
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Return to Never Land (2002)
The Jungle Book 2 (2003)
Piglet's Big Movie (2003)
Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005)
Bambi II (2006)
Planes (2013)
Planes: Fire & Rescue (2014)
Other Disney units films
The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)
James and the Giant Peach (1996)
Doug's 1st Movie (1999)
Recess: School's Out (2001)
Teacher's Pet (2004)
A Christmas Carol (2009)
Gnomeo & Juliet (2011)
Mars Needs Moms (2011)
Frankenweenie (2012)
Strange Magic (2015)
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List of feature films
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Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)
Pinocchio (1940)
Fantasia (1940)
Dumbo (1941)
Bambi (1942)
Saludos Amigos (1942)
The Three Caballeros (1944)
Make Mine Music (1946)
Fun and Fancy Free (1947)
Melody Time (1948)
The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (1949)
Cinderella (1950)
Alice in Wonderland (1951)
Peter Pan (1953)
Lady and the Tramp (1955)
Sleeping Beauty (1959)
One Hundred and One Dalmatians (1961)
The Sword in the Stone (1963)
The Jungle Book (1967)
The Aristocats (1970)
Robin Hood (1973)
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977)
The Rescuers (1977)
The Fox and the Hound (1981)
The Black Cauldron (1985)
The Great Mouse Detective (1986)
Oliver & Company (1988)
The Little Mermaid (1989)
The Rescuers Down Under (1990)
Beauty and the Beast (1991)
Aladdin (1992)
The Lion King (1994)
Pocahontas (1995)
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996)
Hercules (1997)
Mulan (1998)
Tarzan (1999)
Fantasia 2000 (1999)
Dinosaur (2000)
The Emperor's New Groove (2000)
Atlantis: The Lost Empire (2001)
Lilo & Stitch (2002)
Treasure Planet (2002)
Brother Bear (2003)
Home on the Range (2004)
Chicken Little (2005)
Meet the Robinsons (2007)
Bolt (2008)
The Princess and the Frog (2009)
Tangled (2010)
Winnie the Pooh (2011)
Wreck-It Ralph (2012)
Frozen (2013)
Big Hero 6 (2014)
Zootopia (2016)
Moana (2016)
Upcoming films
Ralph Breaks the Internet: Wreck-It Ralph 2 (2018)
Frozen 2 (2019)
Associated
productions
The Reluctant Dragon (1941)
Victory Through Air Power (1943)
Song of the South (1946)
So Dear to My Heart (1949)
Mary Poppins (1964)
Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
Pete's Dragon (1977)
Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
Enchanted (2007)
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Related topics
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technologies
12 basic principles of animation
Computer Animation Production System
Disney Animation: The Illusion of Life
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Documentaries
Frank and Ollie (1995)
The Sweatbox (2001)
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Waking Sleeping Beauty (2009)
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Oswald the Lucky Rabbit
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The Sherman Brothers
Richard M. Sherman
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Motion pictures
The Parent Trap (1961)
The Absent-Minded Professor (1961)
Greyfriars Bobby (1961)
Bon Voyage! (1962)
A Symposium on Popular Songs (1962)
In Search of the Castaways (1962)
Big Red (1962)
Moon Pilot (1962)
Summer Magic (1963)
The Sword in the Stone (1963)
The Misadventures of Merlin Jones (1964)
The Moon-Spinners (1964)
Mary Poppins (1964)
Those Calloways (1965)
The Monkey's Uncle (1965)
That Darn Cat! (1965)
Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966)
Follow Me Boys (1966)
The Happiest Millionaire (1967)
The Jungle Book (1967)
The Adventures of Bullwhip Griffin (1967)
The One and Only, Genuine, Original Family Band (1968)
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968)
Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (1968)
The Aristocats (1970)
Goldilocks (1971)
Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971)
Snoopy, Come Home (1972)
Charlotte's Web (1973)
Tom Sawyer (1973)
Huckleberry Finn (1974)
Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too (1974)
The Slipper and the Rose (1976)
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977)
The Magic of Lassie (1978)
Magic Journeys (1982)
Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore (1983)
Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland (1992)
The Mighty Kong (1998)
Seasons of Giving (1999)
The Tigger Movie (2000)
Stage musicals
and musical revues
Victory Canteen (1971)
Over Here! (1974)
Dawgs (1983)
The Slipper and the Rose (1984)
Busker Alley (1994)
Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (2002)
On the Record (2004)
Mary Poppins (2004)
Merry-Go-Round workshop (2007)
A Spoonful of Sherman (2014)
Theme park
attractions
Golden Horseshoe Revue (1955)
King Arthur Carrousel (1955)
Walt Disney's Enchanted Tiki Room (1963)
It's a Small World (1966)
Adventure Thru Inner Space (1967)
Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress (1967)
Main Street Electrical Parade (1972)
America Sings (1974)
America on Parade (1975)
CommuniCore (1982)
Imagination! (1982)
Magic Journeys (1982)
The World Showcase March (1982)
Japan (Epcot) (1982)
Journey into Imagination (1983)
Meet the World (1983)
Innoventions (1998)
Rocket Rods (1998)
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1999)
Disneyland Forever (2015)
Books
Walt's Time: from before to beyond (1998)
Moose: Chapters From My Life (2013)
Related
The Boys: The Sherman Brothers' Story (2009)
Saving Mr. Banks (2013)
The Jungle Book (2016)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
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GND: 7613477-5
SUDOC: 185864694
VIAF: 210979770
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mary_Poppins_(film)&oldid=846010330"
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text:
Volume 10 (rapper)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Volume 10
Origin
Los Angeles, California
Genres
Hip hop
Occupation(s)
Rapper
Years active
1993-present
Labels
RCA, Immortal, Warrior, Street Institute, Pump Productions
Associated acts
Freestyle Fellowship, Project Blowed
Dino Hawkins, known by his stage name Volume 10, is a rapper from Los Angeles, California. He was a member of the Heavyweights crew along with Freestyle Fellowship, Ganjah K, and Medusa, among others.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Discography
2.1 Albums
2.2 EPs
2.3 Singles
2.4 Guest appearances
2.5 Compilation appearances
3 References
4 External links
History[edit]
Volume 10 was featured on Freestyle Fellowship's 1993 album Innercity Griots.[2]
Volume 10's debut solo single "Pistolgrip-Pump" was released in 1993 to critical acclaim despite being edited for radio and referred to simply as "Pump" in 1994.[3] The single was later recorded by Rage Against The Machine for their album Renegades.
He released his first album Hip-Hopera in 1994.[4] The second album, Psycho, was released in 2000.[5]
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
Hip-Hopera (1994) #66 R&B/Hip-Hop[3]
Psycho (2000)
Pawn Shop (2007)
Still in the Game (2012)
Street Rhymes And Rhythms (2015)
EPs[edit]
Servin' and Dippin' (1998)
Singles[edit]
Year
Single
US R&B/
Hip-Hop
Album
1993 "Pistolgrip-Pump" 64 Hip-Hopera
1994 "Sunbeams" —
1997 "Servin' and Dippin'" — Dead Homiez[A]
(Movie Soundtrack)
1998 "Raised In The Hood" 91 SI Riders[B]
(Compilation)
2013 "Uncles's Children"[6] — single only
2014 "Vogue"[7] — single only
Notes
A ^ released later as Servin' and Dippin' EP (1998), also included on Psycho (2000)
B ^ included later on Psycho (2000)
Guest appearances[edit]
Freestyle Fellowship - "Heavyweights" from Innercity Griots (1993)
The Whoridas - "Top Notch" from High Times (1999)
Fat Jack - "Hooray!" from Cater to the DJ (1999)
The A-Team - "O.G. Crew (Heavyweights Round 3)" from Who Framed the A-Team? (2000)
Abstract Rude + Tribe Unique - "Heavyweights Round 4" from P.A.I.N.T. (2001)
Casual - "Take It Back" from Truck Driver (2004)
Fatlip - "Freaky Pumps" from The Loneliest Punk (2005)
Neila - "Mercy Refused" from Better Late Than Never (2009)
Otherwize - "Big Girls Don't Cry" from Point of View (2010)
Self Jupiter & Kenny Segal - "Altered States" from The Kleenrz (2012)
Compilation appearances[edit]
"Heavyweights Round 2" on Project Blowed (1995)
"Liquor Store Run" on Rhyme & Reason (1997)
"Raised In The Hood (with Roni Size)" on Marvel's Blade II: Bloodhunter (2002)
"What It Do?" on Project Blowed 10th Anniversary (2005)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kergan, Wade. "Volume 10 - Music Biography, Credits and Discography". Allmusic.
Jump up ^ Vladimir Bogdanov, ed. (2003). All Music Guide to Hip-hop: The Definitive Guide to Rap & Hip-hop. Backbeat Books.
^ Jump up to: a b "Volume 10 - Chart history". Billboard.
Jump up ^ Steve 'Flash' Juon (December 2, 2008). "Volume 10 :: Hip-Hopera :: Immortal/RCA Records". Rap Reviews.
Jump up ^ Smoov (December 7, 2005). "Volume 10 - Hip-Hopera LP". Vinyl Addicts.
Jump up ^ "Amazon.com Uncles's Children : Volume 10: MP3 Downloads".
Jump up ^ "Amazon.com Vogue : Volume 10: MP3 Downloads".
External links[edit]
Volume 10 (rapper) discography at Discogs
[1]
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 158588109
LCCN: no98062463
MusicBrainz: 3b6b09c7-e3aa-474e-852c-d9bae8635a68
Jump up ^ Hawkins, Dino. "Volume 10". Official Volume 10.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Volume_10_(rapper)&oldid=805085682"
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text:
Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel
The Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel
General information
Type
Triumphal arch
Location
Paris, France
Construction started
1806
Completed
1808
Design and construction
Architect
Charles Percier, Pierre François Léonard Fontaine
Not to be confused with Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile.
The Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel (pronounced [aʁk də tʁijɔ̃f dy kaʁusɛl]) is a triumphal arch in Paris, located in the Place du Carrousel. It was built between 1806 and 1808 to commemorate Napoleon's military victories of the previous year. The Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile, at the far end of the Champs Élysées, was designed in the same year; it is about twice the size and was not completed until 1836. It is also an example of Corinthian style architecture.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Description
2 History
2.1 Geography
3 References
Description[edit]
Peace riding in a triumphal chariot
Entablement and quadriga
Central bas-relief under the main arch
The monument is 63 feet (19 m) high, 75 feet (23 m) wide, and 24 feet (7.3 m) deep.[2] The 21 feet (6.4 m) high central arch is flanked by two smaller ones, 14 feet (4.3 m) high, and 9 feet (2.7 m) wide. Around its exterior are eight Corinthian columns of marble, topped by eight soldiers of the Empire. On the pediment, between the soldiers, bas-reliefs depict:
the Arms of the Kingdom of Italy with figures representing History and the Arts
the Arms of the French Empire with Victory, Fame, History, and Abundance
Wisdom and Strength holding the arms of the Kingdom of Italy, accompanied by Prudence and Victory.
Napoleon's diplomatic and military victories are commemorated by bas-reliefs executed in rose marble. They depict:
the Peace of Pressburg
Napoleon entering Munich
Napoleon entering Vienna, sculptor Louis-Pierre Deseine
the Battle of Austerlitz, sculptor Jean-Joseph Espercieux
the Tilsit Conference
the surrender of Ulm, sculptor Pierre Cartellier
The arch is derivative of the triumphal arches of the Roman Empire, in particular that of Septimius Severus in Rome. The subjects of the bas-reliefs devoted to the battles were selected by the director of the Napoleon Museum (Paris) (located at the time in the Louvre), Vivant Denon, and designed by Charles Meynier.
The upper frieze on the on entablement has sculptures of soldiers: Auguste Marie Taunay's cuirassier (left), Charles-Louis Corbet's dragoon, Joseph Chinard's horse grenadier and Jacques-Edme Dumont's sapper.
The quadriga atop the entablement is a copy of the so-called Horses of Saint Mark that adorn the top of the main door of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice but during both French empires the originals were brought up for special occasions.
History[edit]
The arc du carrousel Postcard, 1900
Military review in front of the Tuileries in 1810, by Hippolyte Bellangé. The Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel, which can be seen on the right of this painting, was originally erected as a gateway of the Tuileries palace.
Designed by Charles Percier and Pierre François Léonard Fontaine, the arch was built between 1806 and 1808 by the Emperor Napoleon I, on the model of the Arch of Constantine (312 AD) in Rome, as a gateway of the Tuileries Palace, the Imperial residence. The destruction of the Tuileries Palace during the Paris Commune in 1871, allowed an unobstructed view west towards the Arc de Triomphe.
It was originally surmounted by the Horses of Saint Mark from Saint Mark's Cathedral in Venice, which had been captured in 1798 by Napoleon. In 1815, following the Battle of Waterloo and the Bourbon restoration, France ceded the quadriga to the Austrian Empire which had annexed Venice under the terms of the Congress of Vienna. The Austrians immediately returned the statuary to Venice. The horses of Saint Mark were replaced in 1828 by a quadriga sculpted by Baron François Joseph Bosio, depicting Peace riding in a triumphal chariot led by gilded Victories on both sides. The composition commemorates the Restoration of the Bourbons following Napoleon's downfall.
The Arc du Carrousel inspired the design of Marble Arch, constructed in London between 1826 and 1833.[3]
Geography[edit]
The Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel is at the eastern end of Paris Axe historique ("historic axis"), a nine-kilometre-long linear route which dominates much of the northwestern quadrant of the city.
Looking west, the arch is aligned with the obelisk in the Place de la Concorde, the centerline of the grand boulevard Champs-Élysées, the Arc de Triomphe at the Place de l'Étoile, and, although it is not directly visible from the Place du Carrousel, the Grande Arche de la Défense. Thus, the axis begins and ends with an arch. When the Arc du Carrousel was built, however, an observer in the Place du Carrousel was impeded from any view westward. The central part of the Palais des Tuileries intervened to block the line of sight to the west. When the Tuileries was burned down during the Paris Commune in 1871, and its ruins were swept away, the great axis, as it presently exists, was opened all the way to the Place du Carrousel and the Louvre.
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel.
Jump up ^ http://famouswonders.com/arc-de-triomphe-du-carrousel/
Jump up ^ Lynnise Phillips - Pomona College; USA: "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-12-30. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Jump up ^ Exploring London : Marble Arch
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