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List of largest California cities by population
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This is a list of the 100 largest cities in the U.S. State of California ranked by population, based on estimates for July 1, 2015 by the United States Census Bureau.[1]
Note: The population figures are for the incorporated areas of the listed cities, as opposed to metropolitan areas, urban areas, or counties. Also, the United States Census Bureau and the California Department of Finance use different methods for estimating population, so state estimates will differ from those given here.
2015 Rank[1]
City
Population
(2015 est.)[1]
County
Image
Description
1 Los Angeles 3,971,883 Los Angeles Los Angeles is one of the world's centers of media, business, and international trade. It is the second most populous city in the United States. It is also the home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of educational and professional fields, and it is one of the most substantial economic engines of the United States. Los Angeles (and its Hollywood district) leads the world in producing entertainment such as motion pictures, television, and recorded music. It is also home to the Wilshire Grand Center, California’s tallest Building, standing at 1,100 feet tall.
2 San Diego 1,394,928 San Diego San Diego sits in the extreme south of California on the border with Mexico. The city has miles of beaches and a number of U.S. military facilities as well as the world's busiest land border crossing. It is known as "the birthplace of California" since it was the first European landfall and the first European settlement in present-day California. The city's economy largely relies on US defense and military-related industries, tourism, and some international trade. It is home to a number of institutions of higher learning, including the University of California, San Diego, the University of San Diego, San Diego State University, NewSchool of Architecture + Design, the headquarters and main campus of National University and Point Loma Nazarene University.
3 San Jose 1,026,908 Santa Clara San Jose was founded on November 29, 1777, as one of the first towns in the Spanish colony of Nueva California, which later became Alta California.[2] The town of San Jose served 1849–1851 as the first state capital, when California gained statehood in 1850.[3] After more than 150 years as an agricultural center, San Jose grew due to demand for housing from soldiers returning from World War II, as well as the city's aggressive expansion policy during the 1950s and 1960s as it annexed large portions of land area which helped increase its population. By the 1990s, San Jose's location within the then-booming local technology industry earned the city the nickname Capital of Silicon Valley, and it hosts several prominent technology companies including Adobe Systems and Cisco Systems. San Jose is home to the National Hockey League's San Jose Sharks in addition to Major League Soccer's San Jose Earthquakes, as well as San Jose State University.
4 San Francisco 864,816 San Francisco San Francisco is a popular international tourist destination renowned for its beauty, cosmopolitan flair, steep rolling hills, and eclectic mix of Victorian and modern architecture. The city is surrounded by water on three sides and has many famous landmarks, such as the Golden Gate Bridge, Alcatraz Island, Palace of Fine Arts, the cable cars and streetcars, Coit Tower, and Chinatown. The city is well known for its left-wing politics and its diverse population, including large and long-established Asian American and LGBT communities. It is the most densely populated major city in California and is the second most densely populated major city in the United States, only after New York City. It is also the only consolidated city-county in the state of California. San Francisco is also home to the largest social media, technology, and biotech industries in the world. The city is also ranked the most expensive city in the United States and stands third in the world. It is home to California’s second tallest building, the Salesforce Tower, standing at 1,070 feet tall.
5 Fresno 520,052 Fresno Fresno is at the heart of the San Joaquin Valley, a leading agricultural area of the United States and the world. Fresno is the closest major city to Yosemite National Park and Sequoia National Park. Fresno is the largest inland city in California. It is the home of California State University, Fresno. Fresno is also noted for its large Hmong and Armenian-American communities.
6 Sacramento 490,712 Sacramento Sacramento has been the state capital of California since 1854. Once the state's second largest city, Sacramento was a major distribution center during the California Gold Rush and was the western terminus of the Pony Express. The American River, where gold was first discovered in California in the middle of the 19th century, flows through the city. In the market boom between 2003 and 2008, the population of the metropolitan area reached close to 2.5 million people as suburbs such as Roseville, Lincoln, and Elk Grove grew, making the Sacramento region the largest region in the California's Central Valley. According to the 2010 census, Sacramento is the nineteenth most-populous metropolitan area in the United States. Sacramento is home to the National Basketball Association's Sacramento Kings. California State University, Sacramento is situated in the city.
7 Long Beach 474,140 Los Angeles Long Beach is a coastal city in the Greater Los Angeles area metropolitan area. Long Beach partially borders the city of Los Angeles to its west and is home to the Grand Prix of Long Beach and the RMS Queen Mary, which is docked in Long Beach Harbor. The Port of Long Beach is one of the world's largest shipping ports. The city also has a large oil industry; oil is found both underground and offshore. Manufacturers include aircraft, automobile parts, electronic and audiovisual equipment. It is also home to the headquarters for corporations such as Epson America, Molina Healthcare, and Scan Health Care. Long Beach has grown with the development of high-technology and aerospace industries in the area. The California State University system headquarters are in Long Beach, as is the second largest campus of the 23-school system, California State University, Long Beach.
8 Oakland 417,870 Alameda Oakland is a major West Coast port and is home to several major corporations, including Kaiser Permanente and Clorox, as well as being the corporate headquarters for nationwide businesses like Dreyer's and Cost Plus World Markets. Attractions include Jack London Square, the Oakland Museum of California, the Chabot Space and Science Center, Lake Merritt, the East Bay Regional Park District ridge line parks and preserves, and Chinatown. Oakland is also the home city of three of the Bay Area's major league sports teams—Major League Baseball's Oakland A's, the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League, and the National Basketball Association's Golden State Warriors, with the first two teams playing their home games as O.co Coliseum, while the Warriors play their home games at Oracle Arena.
9 Bakersfield 373,640 Kern Bakersfield sits at the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley, an especially petroleum-rich area of California. Bakersfield is known for its musical achievements such as its own country genre called the "Bakersfield sound". Bakersfield is also in close proximity with the Sequoia National Forest.
10 Anaheim 350,742 Orange Anaheim is the most populous city in Orange County and second largest in terms of land area (after Irvine); it is known for the location of the Disneyland Resort, sports teams (such as the Anaheim Ducks, which is located at the Honda Center), and its convention center.
11 Santa Ana 334,909 Orange Santa Ana is the county seat of Orange County and home to the famous Bowers Museum, and Discovery Science Center.
(Note: Photo shown is of South Coast arts district located in nearby Costa Mesa, CA. Santa Ana is located approximately 1/2 mile north of buildings in photo.)
12 Riverside 322,424 Riverside Riverside is the most populous city of Southern California's Inland Empire region. Riverside is the birthplace of California's citrus industry and home to the University of California, Riverside (UCR). Its downtown is home to the Mission Inn, one of two historic landmark hotels in California. The Mission Inn Festival of Lights is said to be the third largest Christmas lights display in the nation.[citation needed]
13 Stockton 305,658 San Joaquin Stockton is at the heart of the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and is sometimes considered the divider between the Sacramento Valley and the San Joaquin Valley. For much of the later 19th century, starting with the Gold Rush, Stockton was one of the largest cities in the state, for a while the third largest city. With a sea port on the San Joaquin River, it was an important agricultural and shipping center, roles which it continues to fulfill. Stockton is the home of the University of the Pacific.
14 Chula Vista 265,757 San Diego A South Bay suburban city of San Diego, Chula Vista is just 7 miles (11 km) from the Mexican border. It is one of the most economically and culturally diverse cities in Southern California. It is the second largest city in California not near a river (San Francisco is the first).
15 Irvine 256,927 Orange Irvine is a planned city, mainly developed by the Irvine Company since the 1960s. Irvine is home to the University of California, Irvine (UCI) and to a number of corporations, particularly in the technology sector. It is regarded for its good schools, jobs and housing by CNNMoney.com, for low crime by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Census Bureau ranks Irvine highly in median income.
16 Fremont 232,206 Alameda Fremont was created as a single city in 1956, from the unification of several unincorporated communities that had historically been small but grew rapidly in the years after World War II. It is located in the San Francisco Bay Area just north of San Jose/Silicon Valley in the East Bay. Fremont is home to the Tesla Factory, producing electric cars.
17 San Bernardino 216,108 San Bernardino San Bernardino is the second largest city in the Inland Empire metropolitan area of California, and the county seat of San Bernardino County, the largest county in geographic area in the 48 contiguous states. San Bernardino is home to California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB) and a number of corporations in addition to the San Bernardino International Airport. San Bernardino is the gateway to the San Bernardino Mountains, including its ski resorts and numerous lakes.
18 Modesto 211,266 Stanislaus Modesto is in the center of the Central Valley east of San Francisco and south of the capital Sacramento. The city is surrounded by fertile farmland. Its population is growing fast due to affordable housing in the area and is quickly becoming a bedroom community for commuters to Sacramento, Fresno, and the San Francisco Bay Area.
19 Fontana 207,460 San Bernardino Founded in 1913, Fontana remained rural until a Kaiser Steel mill was built during World War II. The city is now a regional hub of the trucking industry, and home of the California Speedway.
20 Oxnard 207,254 Ventura Oxnard is one of only a handful of cities in the state that is the largest in its county, but not the county seat. It is an important agricultural center, with its distinction as the strawberry and lima bean capital of California. Oxnard has a scenic, relatively uncrowded coastline.
21 Moreno Valley 204,198 Riverside Incorporated in 1984, Moreno Valley lies 65 miles (105 km) east of downtown Los Angeles, just north of Lake Perris. The city is home to the March Air Reserve Base.
22 Huntington Beach 201,899 Orange This Orange County coastal city is best known for its 8.5-mile (13.7 km) beach. Huntington Beach is often referred to as "Surf City" due to its long association with the sport of surfing.
23 Glendale 201,020 Los Angeles Glendale is the focal point of the Verdugo Mountains subregion and is home to a large Armenian-American community.
24 Santa Clarita 182,371 Los Angeles Six Flags Magic Mountain is just outside Santa Clarita. The city was incorporated in 1987 as the union of several previously existing communities, including Canyon Country, Newhall, Saugus, and Valencia.
25 Oceanside 175,691 San Diego The largest city in San Diego's North County, Oceanside is home to the longest wooden pier on the West Coast and is directly south of Camp Pendleton, the busiest military base in the United States.
26 Garden Grove 175,393 Orange Garden Grove is home to the second-largest Vietnamese American community, as well as the Crystal Cathedral.
27 Rancho Cucamonga 175,236 San Bernardino Rancho Cucamonga was incorporated in 1977, as a result of a vote among the residents of the unincorporated communities of Alta Loma, Cucamonga, and Etiwanda.[4] The city was ranked #42 in 'Money's "Best Places to Live in America 2006".[5]
28 Santa Rosa 175,155 Sonoma Santa Rosa is the largest city in California's Wine Country and the Redwood Empire. The county seat of Sonoma County since 1854, it grew as a center of agriculture, shipping, and industry. It is today still an important local center of business and tourism. The city actually suffered the most destruction of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, which destroyed Santa Rosa's entire downtown. Notable residents have included famed horticulturalist Luther Burbank and Peanuts cartoonist Charles M. Schulz.
29 Ontario 171,214 San Bernardino Ontario is the third principal city of the Inland Empire area of California, home to Ontario International Airport and the region's largest shopping mall, Ontario Mills.
30 Elk Grove 166,913 Sacramento Elk Grove was a sleepy suburb of Sacramento until the housing boom of the 1990s and 2000s. Between the decades, the population has nearly tripled from around 50,000 to more than 150,000 inhabitants. The population has grown so much that Elk Grove has surpassed all of the other suburbs in size and inhabitants. The city was rated the fastest growing city in the United States in 2006. About 15 miles (24 km) from downtown Sacramento, Elk Grove has emerged as a popular place for young families to live and commute to the job centers of the area.
31 Corona 164,226 Riverside Corona is one of the cities farthest west in the Inland Empire of Southern California. It is known as the "Circle City" due to Grand Boulevard's 3-mile (5 km) circular layout. It is one of the greatest residential cities in the Inland Empire, but also has a large industrial portion on the northern half. It is the headquarters of companies such as Fender Musical Instruments Corporation, Hansen Natural Corporation, Watson Pharmaceuticals, and West Coast Customs (featured on MTV's Pimp My Ride).
32 Lancaster 161,103 Los Angeles Lancaster started as a stop on the Union Pacific Railroad, and has grown into the fifth largest city in Los Angeles County. It began as a small farming community, and has since acquired a large and prosperous technology-driven sub-culture. Located in "Aerospace Valley", it has always been on the cutting edge of technology, and is now aiming to become the nation's first net-zero city.[citation needed]
33 Palmdale 158,351 Los Angeles Commonly referred to as the "Aerospace Capital of America", Palmdale is the birthplace of the Space Shuttle, X-15, B-2 Spirit, F-117 Nighthawk, F-35 Lightning II, SR-71 Blackbird, Lockheed L-1011 Tristar, and many other aircraft that have been used in the United States Air Force, NASA and air forces and airlines around the world. It is the sixth largest city in Los Angeles County and one of the fastest growing cities in the United States.
34 Hayward 158,289 Alameda Hayward was an historic salt and agricultural processing center. Sea salt brand produced in Hayward were Oliver Brothers and Leslie Salt. In food processing, Hunt Brothers' Cannery (later Hunt-Wesson Foods) produced canned and bottled tomato products, as well as canned peaches, apricots, and fruit cocktail. Since 1957 it has been the home of California State University, East Bay.
35 Salinas 157,380 Monterey Salinas is an agricultural center and the hometown of famed writer and Nobel Laureate John Steinbeck.
36 Pomona 153,266 Los Angeles Pomona is located between the Inland Empire and the San Gabriel Valley. The city is home of the Fairplex, which hosts the Los Angeles County Fair, the largest county fair in the United States, among others. It is home to the second largest polytechnic university in the United States, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona.
37 Sunnyvale 151,754 Santa Clara Part of the Silicon Valley, Sunnyvale is home to several large tech company headquarters such as AMD and Yahoo!.
38 Escondido 151,451 San Diego Situated in San Diego's North County region, Escondido is home to the San Diego Zoo Safari Park.
39 Torrance 148,475 Los Angeles Torrance, 21 square miles (54 km2), is situated 11 miles (18 km) south of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), 8 miles (13 km) north of the Port of Los Angeles, 30 miles (48 km) west of Disneyland and bounded by the Pacific Ocean on the west with 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of beach. Incorporated in 1921, it is the eighth largest city in Los Angeles County. Torrance averages 12.55 inches (319 mm) of rainfall per year.[6]
40 Pasadena 142,250 Los Angeles Pasadena is famous for hosting the annual Tournament of Roses Parade and the Rose Bowl football game. The city is home to many scientific and cultural institutions such as NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the Art Center College of Design, and the California Institute of Technology.
41 Orange 140,992 Orange Unusual for cities in Orange County, Orange preserved many of its homes that were built prior to the 1960s, now located in the city's Old Towne District, whereas many other cities in the region demolished such houses in the 1960s. Orange is the home of Chapman University.
42 Fullerton 140,847 Orange Historically, Fullerton was a center of agriculture, petroleum extraction, transportation, and manufacturing. It is home to several educational institutions, notably the California State University, Fullerton and Fullerton College.
43 Roseville 130,269 Placer Roseville is a suburb of Sacramento. It is very family oriented with many parks, bike trails, water parks etc., and in 2006 Roseville was named the healthiest city in America. Roseville is known for its high-end shopping including the Fountains, the Galleria (one of the biggest malls in northern California), and more.
44 Visalia 130,104 Tulare Visalia is the oldest city between Stockton and Los Angeles.
45 Thousand Oaks 129,339 Ventura Named after the many oak trees that grace the area, Thousand Oaks is the largest city in the Conejo Valley area.
46 Concord 128,667 Contra Costa Concord is a major regional suburban East Bay center within the San Francisco Bay Area. The former Concord Naval Weapons Station was located to the north of the city.
47 Simi Valley 126,788 Ventura Simi Valley is a bedroom community located in a valley of the same name. It is the site of the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library.
48 Santa Clara 126,215 Santa Clara Santa Clara is located in the center of Silicon Valley and is home to the headquarters of Intel, Applied Materials, Sun Microsystems, NVIDIA, Agilent Technologies, and many other high-tech companies. It also is home to one of the largest theme parks in northern California, California's Great America, and to Levi's Stadium, a football stadium that currently serves as the home of the National Football League's San Francisco 49ers.
49 Victorville 122,225 San Bernardino Victorville is located in the Victor Valley, at the southwestern edge of the Mojave Desert. It is the site of the Southern California Logistics Airport, formerly George Air Force Base before it was converted to civilian use.
50 Vallejo 121,253 Solano Vallejo was home of the Mare Island Naval Shipyard, one of the most important naval shipyards in the country, from the 1850s until its closure in the 1990s. It was very briefly the capital of California in 1852. It is the largest city in Solano County, and the home of Six Flags Discovery Kingdom.
51 Berkeley 120,972 Alameda Noted as one of the most politically liberal in the nation, the city is home to the University of California, Berkeley, the oldest of the University of California system.
52 El Monte 116,732 Los Angeles El Monte lies in the San Gabriel Valley region and was formerly a crossroad along the Old Spanish Trail. It is home to Penske Motor Group, one of the largest car dealerships in the world.
53 Downey 114,219 Los Angeles Located southeast of downtown Los Angeles, Downey is the birthplace of the Apollo space program and the site of the oldest surviving McDonald's restaurant.
54 Carlsbad 113,453 San Diego Carlsbad is an affluent, coastal resort city in the North San Diego County region. The city is mainly known for shopping, tourism, a booming high-tech industry, and resort living.
55 Costa Mesa 113,204 Orange Since its incorporation in 1953, Costa Mesa has grown from a semi-rural farming community to a primarily suburban city with an economy based on retail, commerce, and light manufacturing.
56 Fairfield 112,970 Solano Fairfield is the county seat of Solano County, but not the largest city in the county, which is Vallejo. It is the home of Travis Air Force Base and the Jelly Belly jelly bean factory.
57 Temecula 112,011 Riverside Forming the southwestern anchor of the Inland Empire region, Temecula is the heart of the Temecula Valley wine region.
58 Inglewood 111,666 Los Angeles Located southwest of downtown Los Angeles, Inglewood is home to the world-famous The Forum arena, landmark Randy's Donuts and the future Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park, home of the National Football League's Los Angeles Rams and Los Angeles Chargers.
59 Antioch 110,542 Contra Costa Located along the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and known as "The Gateway to the Delta", Antioch is a suburb of San Francisco, Oakland, and the rest of the San Francisco Bay Area. The town has seen an enormous amount of growth in the last 30 years, as the population of the Bay Area continues to grow, and real estate prices force families to move towards the outskirts of the Bay Area. In fact, it is located close enough to the Sacramento Metropolitan area that it can be seen to serve as a suburb of both Sacramento and the Bay Area.
60 Murrieta 109,830 Riverside Formerly just a small unincorporated town in the Inland Empire, Murrieta has become one of the fastest growing cities in the state. It is now largely a commuter town, with many of its residents commuting to jobs in San Diego County, Orange County, and the neighboring city of Temecula.
61 Richmond 109,708 Contra Costa Richmond is located in western Contra Costa County along the eastern shores of San Francisco Bay. It has been called a company town based on its relationship with the Chevron Corporation, and it is the site of the Chevron Richmond Refinery.
62 Ventura 109,708 Ventura Ventura, officially the City of San Buenaventura, is the county seat of Ventura County. Ventura Harbor is home to the headquarters of Channel Islands National Park, and boats to the Channel Islands depart from there daily.
63 West Covina 108,484 Los Angeles West Covina is a mostly middle class suburb located east of downtown Los Angeles in the eastern San Gabriel Valley.
64 Norwalk 107,140 Los Angeles Norwalk is located southeast of downtown Los Angeles. It is home to Cerritos College.
65 Daly City 106,562 San Mateo San Francisco's southern neighbor, Daly City houses the famous Cow Palace (which many people mistakenly believe is in San Francisco), as well as the largest Filipino population outside of the Philippines.
66 Burbank 105,319 Los Angeles Burbank is nicknamed the "Media Capital of the World"[7] for being the home of many media and entertainment production companies, including Warner Bros. Entertainment, Warner Music Group, NBC Universal, The Walt Disney Company, ABC, Cartoon Network Studios, and Nickelodeon.
67 Santa Maria 105,093 Santa Barbara Santa Maria, the largest city in Santa Barbara County, is in the heart of the Santa Maria Valley wine region and is known for their famous Santa Maria Style Barbecue. Allan Hancock College, and St. Joseph High School are in the city.
68 Clovis 104,180 Fresno Clovis is the second largest city in Fresno County. Lying at the foot of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, which includes Yosemite, Kings Canyon, and Sequoia national parks, Clovis has been known as the "Gateway to the Sierras".
69 El Cajon 103,679 San Diego El Cajon is located east of San Diego. Nestled in a valley surrounded by mountains, the city has acquired the nickname of "The Big Box".[8]
70 San Mateo 103,536 San Mateo San Mateo is one of the larger suburbs on the San Francisco Peninsula.
71 Rialto 103,132 San Bernardino Rialto is home to four major regional distribution centers: Staples, Inc., which serves stores across the entire West Coast of the United States, Toys "R" Us, FedEx, and Target
72 Vista 100,890 San Diego Vista is located just 7 miles (11 km) inland from the Pacific Ocean in northern San Diego County. The city has more than 25 educational institutions, and a business park home to over 800 companies.
73 Jurupa Valley 100,314 Riverside Jurupa Valley was incorporated July 1, 2011.
74 Compton 98,462 Los Angeles An inner suburb of Los Angeles, Compton is known for its large African American and Latino communities. The city is home to Richland Farms, one of the last urban farming communities in the Los Angeles metro area, and is also almost universally considered to be the birthplace of gangsta rap.
75 Mission Viejo 97,156 Orange Located in southern Orange County in the Saddleback Valley, Mission Viejo is considered one of the largest master-planned communities ever built under a single project in the United States. The city is mainly residential, although there are a number of offices and businesses within its city limits.
76 Vacaville 96,803 Solano Vacaville is located nearly halfway between Sacramento and San Francisco. It is home to several biotechnology/pharmaceutical facilities.
77 South Gate 96,401 Los Angeles Located southeast of downtown Los Angeles, South Gate is part of the Gateway Cities region of Los Angeles County. In 1990, South Gate was one of ten U.S. communities to receive the All-America City Award from the National Civic League.[9]
78 Hesperia 93,295 San Bernardino Hesperia is located in the High Desert region of the Mojave Desert 15 miles (24 km) north of San Bernardino.
79 Carson 93,281 Los Angeles Carson is a suburb in the South Bay region of Greater Los Angeles. It is home of California State University, Dominguez Hills, and the StubHub Center sports complex, housing one of the two Major League Soccer teams for Los Angeles, the Los Angeles Galaxy and the National Football League's Los Angeles Chargers.
80 Santa Monica 93,220 Los Angeles Santa Monica, a famed beachfront city surrounded on three sides by Los Angeles, is home to a mixture of affluent, single-family neighborhoods, renters, surfers, young professionals, and students. It is the site of the world-famous Santa Monica Pier.
81 San Marcos 92,931 San Diego San Marcos is a suburb of San Diego and home of California State University, San Marcos.
82 Westminster 92,114 Orange Westminster is known for its Vietnamese American community, one of the largest in the United States.
83 Santa Barbara 91,842 Santa Barbara Santa Barbara is a popular tourist and resort coastal city, known for its downtown Moorish-Spanish style architecture, coastal weather, beautiful mountain backdrops, and numerous sandy beaches. The city's economy includes a large service sector, education, technology, health care, finance, agriculture, manufacturing, and local government.
84 Redding 91,582 Shasta Located on the banks of the Sacramento River, Redding is the largest city in California north of Sacramento. It is the gateway to numerous recreation areas including Shasta Lake, the Trinity Alps, and Mount Shasta. It is also home to the Sundial Bridge at Turtle Bay, the world's largest sundial.
85 San Leandro 90,712 Alameda Historically a town with dozens of huge cherry farms and a Spanish missionary ranch, San Leandro today is a rapidly growing city of worldwide industries and a suburb of Oakland.
86 Chico 90,316 Butte Chico is the retail hub of the mid-Sacramento Valley and is home to institutions such as Bidwell Park, California State University Chico, and Sierra Nevada Brewing Company.
87 Hawthorne 88,451 Los Angeles Hawthorne is a suburb of Los Angeles. It was the home of Brian, Carl, and Dennis Wilson of the Beach Boys. Their boyhood home was demolished in the late 1980s during the construction of the Century Freeway, although it was honored by the dedication of the Beach Boys Historic Landmark (California Landmark 1041) in May 2005.
88 Livermore 88,126 Alameda Located on the eastern edge of San Francisco Bay Area, Livermore is home of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the Centennial Light. It is the largest city in the Tri-Valley area.
89 Indio 87,533 Riverside Indio is located in the Coachella Valley region of the Sonoran Desert, 23 miles (37 km) east of Palm Springs and 134 miles (216 km) east of Los Angeles. Indio and its surrounding communities are regarded as a major agricultural center for Southern California and is the home of the world-renowned Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival.
90 Whittier 87,438 Los Angeles Whittier is part of the Gateway Cities of Los Angeles County and is home to Whittier College.
91 Menifee 87,174 Riverside Menifee is a relatively new city, incorporated in 2008, which includes the communities of Sun City, Quail Valley, Paloma Valley and portions of Romoland in southwestern Riverside County.
92 Newport Beach 87,127 Orange Newport Beach is an affluent coastal city in Orange County, known for its beaches and surfing. Newport Harbor is the largest recreational boat harbor on the West Coast.
93 Tracy 87,075 San Joaquin Tracy is the second most populated city in San Joaquin County. The city experienced a growth spurt in the 1980s, becoming an exurb of the San Francisco Bay Area as more people looked for a more affordable alternative to Bay Area home prices and a less hectic lifestyle.
94 Citrus Heights 87,056 Sacramento Citrus Heights is a suburb located northeast of Sacramento.
95 Chino 85,595 San Bernardino Chino and its surroundings have long been a center of agriculture and dairy farming, serving the considerable demands for milk products in Southern California and much of the southwestern United States.
96 Alhambra 85,551 Los Angeles Alhambra is located in the western San Gabriel Valley region, east of downtown Los Angeles.
97 Redwood City 85,288 San Mateo Redwood City, the county seat of San Mateo County, is a technology center and deepwater port located on the San Francisco Peninsula.
98 Hemet 83,861 Riverside Hemet, in the San Jacinto Valley, is the home of the Ramona Pageant, one of the longest running outdoor plays in the United States.
99 Buena Park 83,270 Orange Buena Park, in northwestern Orange County, is home of Knott's Berry Farm and several other tourist attractions.
100 Lake Forest 82,492 Orange Lake Forest, in inland Orange County is primarily suburban in character.
See also[edit]
Largest cities in Southern California
List of cities and towns in California
List of cities and towns in the San Francisco Bay Area
List of California urban areas
List of largest California cities by land area
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "American FactFinder – Results". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on April 17, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The First City". California History Online. Archived from the original on 2008-02-18. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
Jump up ^ "California Admission Day – September 9, 1850". California State Parks. 2007. Retrieved 2008-03-15.
Jump up ^ Roger Vincent and Adrian G. Uribarri (November 25, 2006). "Getting the masses in the mood". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-10-29.
Jump up ^ "MONEY Magazine: Best places to live 2006: Rancho Cucamonga, CA snapshot". CNN. Archived from the original on 2011-12-01. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2009-04-07. City of Torrance website, About Torrance
Jump up ^ "Burbank, Ca. – Media Capital of the World". Travel America. 20 April 2007.
Jump up ^ El Cajon city history Archived 2007-06-13 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ All-America City: Past Winners Archived 2010-07-07 at the Wayback Machine.
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Payment card
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Part of a series on financial services
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Example of two credit cards
An example of the front of a typical debit card:
Issuing bank logo
EMV chip
Hologram
Card number
Card brand logo
Expiration date
Cardholder's name
Payment cards are part of a payment system issued by financial institutions, such as bank, to a customer that enables its owner (the cardholder) to access the funds in the customer's designated bank accounts, or through a credit account and make payments by electronic funds transfer and access automated teller machines (ATMs).[1] Such cards are known by a variety of names including bank cards, ATM cards, MAC (money access cards), client cards, key cards or cash cards.
There are a number of types of payment cards, the most common ones being credit cards and debit cards. Most commonly, a payment card is electronically linked to an account or accounts belonging to the cardholder. These accounts may be deposit accounts or loan or credit accounts, and the card is a means of authenticating the cardholder. However, stored-value cards store money on the card itself and are not necessarily linked to an account at a financial institution.
It can also be a smart card that contains a unique card number and some security information such as an expiration date or CVVC (CVV) or with a magnetic strip on the back enabling various machines to read and access information.[2] Depending on the issuing bank and the preferences of the client, this may allow the card to be used as an ATM card, enabling transactions at automatic teller machines; or as debit card, linked to the client's bank account and able to be used for making purchases at the point of sale; or as a credit card attached to a revolving credit line supplied by the bank.
Most payment cards, such as debit and credit cards can also function as ATM cards, although ATM-only cards are also available. Charge and proprietary cards cannot be used as ATM cards. The use of a credit card to withdraw cash at an ATM is treated differently to a POS transaction, usually attracting interest charges from the date of the cash withdrawal. Interbank networks allow the use of ATM cards at ATMs of private operators and financial institutions other than those of the institution that issued the cards.
All ATM machines, at a minimum, will permit cash withdrawals of customers of the machine's owner (if a bank-operated machine) and for cards that are affiliated with any ATM network the machine is also affiliated. They will report the amount of the withdrawal and any fees charged by the machine on the receipt. Most banks and credit unions will permit routine account-related banking transactions at the bank's own ATM, including deposits, checking the balance of an account, and transferring money between accounts. Some may provide additional services, such as selling postage stamps.
For other types of transactions through telephone or online banking, this may be performed with an ATM card without in-person authentication. This includes account balance inquiries, electronic bill payments, or in some cases, online purchases (see Interac Online). However now days, you cannot buy stuff online or in real life if you are a minor with an ATM card.
ATM cards can also be used on improvised ATMs such as "mini ATMs", merchants' card terminals that deliver ATM features without any cash drawer.[3][4] These terminals can also be used as cashless scrip ATMs by cashing the receipts they issue at the merchant's point of sale.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Card networks
3 Technical features
4 Types
4.1 Credit card
4.2 Debit card
4.3 Charge card
4.4 ATM card
4.5 Stored-value card
4.6 Fleet card
4.7 Other
5 Technologies
5.1 Embossing
5.2 Magnetic stripe
5.3 Smart card
5.4 Proximity card
5.5 Re-programmable magnetic stripe card
6 Misuse
7 See also
8 References
History[edit]
Historically, bank cards have also served the purpose of a cheque guarantee card, a now almost defunct system to guarantee cheques at point of sale.
The first bank cards were ATM cards issued by Barclays in London in 1967[6] and by Chemical Bank in Long Island, New York, in 1969.[7]
In 1972, Lloyds Bank issued the first bank card to feature an information-encoding magnetic strip, using a personal identification number (PIN) for security.[8]
Card networks[edit]
In some banking networks, the two functions of ATM cards and debit cards are combined into a single card, simply called a "debit card" or also commonly a "bank card". These are able to perform banking tasks at ATMs and also make point-of-sale transactions, with both features using a PIN.
Canada's Interac and Europe's Maestro are examples of networks that link bank accounts with point-of-sale equipment.
Some debit card networks also started their lives as ATM card networks before evolving into full-fledged debit card networks, example of these networks are: Development Bank of Singapore (DBS)'s Network for Electronic Transfers (NETS) and Bank Central Asia (BCA)'s Debit BCA, both of them were later on adopted by other banks (with Prima Debit being the Prima interbank network version of Debit BCA).
Technical features[edit]
Payment cards are usually plastic cards, 85.60 mm × 53.98 mm (3.370 in × 2.125 in) and rounded corners with a radius of 2.88–3.48 mm, in accordance with ISO/IEC 7810#ID-1 standard.
They usually also have a unique embossed card number conforming with the ISO/IEC 7812 numbering standard, the cardholder’s name and the card expiry date, in addition to other security features.
Types[edit]
Payment cards have features in common, as well as distinguish features. Types of payment cards can be distinguished on the basis of the features of each type of card, including:
Credit card[edit]
Main article: Credit card
A credit card is linked to a line of credit (usually called a credit limit) created by the issuer of the credit card for the cardholder on which the cardholder can draw (i.e. borrow), either for payment to a merchant for a purchase or as a cash advance to the cardholder. Most credit cards are issued by or through local banks or credit unions, but some non-bank financial institutions also offer cards directly to the public.
The cardholder can choose either to repay the full outstanding balance by the payment due date or to repay a smaller amount, not less than the "minimum amount", by that date. In the former case, interest is typically not charged; while in the latter case, the cardholder will be charged with interest. The rate of interest and method of calculating the charge vary between credit cards, even for different types of card issued by the same company. Many credit cards can also be used to take cash advances through ATMs, which also attract interest charges, usually calculated from the date of cash withdrawal. Some merchants charge a fee for purchases by credit card, as they will be charged a fee by the card issuer.
Debit card[edit]
Main article: Debit card
Purchasing by debit card
With a debit card (also known as a bank card, check card or some other description) when a cardholder makes a purchase, funds are withdrawn directly either from the cardholder's bank account, or from the remaining balance on the card, instead of the holder repaying the money at a later date. In some cases, the "cards" are designed exclusively for use on the Internet, and so there is no physical card.[9][10]
The use of debit cards has become widespread in many countries and has overtaken use of cheques, and in some instances cash transactions, by volume. Like credit cards, debit cards are used widely for telephone and internet purchases.
Debit cards can also allow instant withdrawal of cash, acting as the ATM card, and as a cheque guarantee card. Merchants can also offer "cashback"/"cashout" facilities to customers, where a customer can withdraw cash along with their purchase. Merchants usually do not charge a fee for purchases by debit card.
Charge card[edit]
Main article: Charge card
With charge cards, the cardholder is required to pay the full balance shown on the statement, which is usually issued monthly, by the payment due date. It is a form of short-term loan to cover the cardholder's purchases, from the date of the purchase and the payment due date, which may typically be up to 55 days. Interest is usually not charged on charge cards and there is usually no limit on the total amount that may be charged.[citation needed] If payment is not made in full, this may result in a late payment fee, the possible restriction of future transactions, and perhaps the cancellation of the card.
ATM card[edit]
An ATM card (known under a number of names) is any card that can be used in automated teller machines (ATMs) for transactions such as deposits, cash withdrawals, obtaining account information, and other types of transactions, often through interbank networks. Cards may be issued solely to access ATMs, and most debit or credit cards may also be used at ATMs, but charge and proprietary cards cannot.
The use of a credit card to withdraw cash at an ATM is treated differently to an POS transaction, usually attracting interest charges from the date of the cash withdrawal. The use of a debit card usually does not attract interest. Third party ATM owners may charge a fee for the use of their ATM.
Stored-value card[edit]
Main article: Stored-value card
With a stored-value card, a monetary value is stored on the card, and not in an externally recorded account. This differs from prepaid cards where money is on deposit with the issuer similar to a debit card. One major difference between stored value cards and prepaid debit cards is that prepaid debit cards are usually issued in the name of individual account holders, while stored-value cards are usually anonymous.
The term stored-value card means that the funds and or data are physically stored on the card. With prepaid cards the data is maintained on computers controlled by the card issuer. The value stored on the card can be accessed using a magnetic stripe embedded in the card, on which the card number is encoded; using radio-frequency identification (RFID); or by entering a code number, printed on the card, into a telephone or other numeric keypad.
Fleet card[edit]
Main article: Fleet card
A fleet card is used as a payment card, most commonly for gasoline, diesel and other fuels at gas stations. Fleet cards can also be used to pay for vehicle maintenance and expenses, at the discretion of the fleet owner or manager. The use of a fleet card reduces the need to carry cash, thus increasing the security for fleet drivers. The elimination of cash also helps to prevent fraudulent transactions at the fleet owner's or manager's expense.
Fleet cards provide convenient and comprehensive reporting, enabling fleet owners/managers to receive real time reports and set purchase controls with their cards, helping to keep them informed of all business related expenses. They may also reduce administrative work or otherwise be essential in arranging fuel taxation refunds.
Other[edit]
Other types of payment cards include:
Gift card
Digital currency
Store card
Technologies[edit]
A number of International Organization for Standardization standards, ISO/IEC 7810, ISO/IEC 7811, ISO/IEC 7812, ISO/IEC 7813, ISO 8583, and ISO/IEC 4909, define the physical properties of payment cards, including size, flexibility, location of the magstripe, magnetic characteristics, and data formats. They also provide the standards for financial cards, including the allocation of card number ranges to different card issuing institutions.
Embossing[edit]
Originally charge account identification was paper-based. In 1959 American Express was the first charge card operator to issue embossed plastic cards which enabled cards to be manually imprinted for processing, making processing faster and reducing transcription errors. Other credit card issuers followed suit. The information typically embossed are the bank card number, card expiry date and cardholder's name. Though the imprinting method has been predominantly superseded by the magnetic stripe and then by the integrated chip, cards continue to be embossed in case a transaction needs to be processed manually. Under manual processing, cardholder verification was by the cardholder signing the payment voucher after which the merchant would check the signature against the cardholder's signature on the back of the card. Cards conform to the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard, ISO/IEC 7811 on embossing, and the ISO/IEC 7812 card numbering standard.
Magnetic stripe[edit]
Main article: Magnetic stripe card
An example of the reverse side of a typical debit card:
Magnetic stripe
Signature strip
Card Security Code
Magnetic stripes started to be rolled out on debit cards in the 1970s with the introduction of ATMs. The magnetic stripe stores card data which can be read by physical contact and swiping past a reading head. The magnetic stripe contains all the information appearing on the card face, but allows for faster processing at point-of-sale than the then manual alternative as well as subsequently by the transaction processing company. When the magnetic stripe is being used, the cardholder will have been issued with a PIN, which is used for cardholder identification at the point-of-sale, and a signature is no longer required. The magnetic stripe is in the process of being augmented by the integrated chip.
Smart card[edit]
Main article: Smart card
Smart card used for health insurance in France
A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC), is any pocket-sized card with embedded integrated circuits which can process data. This implies that it can receive input which is processed — by way of the ICC applications — and delivered as an output. There are two broad categories of ICCs. Memory cards contain only non-volatile memory storage components, and perhaps some specific security logic. Microprocessor cards contain volatile memory and microprocessor components. The card is made of plastic, generally PVC, but sometimes ABS. The card may embed a hologram to avoid counterfeiting. Using smart cards is also a form of strong security authentication for single sign-on within large companies and organizations.
EMV is the standard adopted by all major issuers of smart payment cards.[citation needed]
Proximity card[edit]
Main article: Proximity card
A proximity card
Proximity card (or prox card) is a generic name for contactless integrated circuit devices used for security access or payment systems. It can refer to the older 125 kHz devices or the newer 13.56 MHz contactless RFID cards, most commonly known as contactless smartcards.
Modern proximity cards are covered by the ISO/IEC 14443 (proximity card) standard. There is also a related ISO/IEC 15693 (vicinity card) standard. Proximity cards are powered by resonant energy transfer and have a range of 0–3 inches in most instances. The user will usually be able to leave the card inside a wallet or purse. The price of the cards is also low, usually US$2–$5, allowing them to be used in applications such as identification cards, keycards, payment cards and public transit fare cards.
Re-programmable magnetic stripe card[edit]
Re-programmable/dynamic magnetic stripe cards are standard sized transaction cards that include a battery, a processor, and a means (inductive coupling or otherwise)of sending a variable signal to a magnetic stripe reader. Re-programmable stripe cards are often more secure than standard magnetic stripe cards and can transmit information for multiple cardholder accounts.[11]
Misuse[edit]
Due to increased illegal copies of cards with a magnetic stripe, the European Payments Council established a Card Fraud Prevention Task Force in 2003 that spawned a commitment to migrate all ATMs and POS applications to use a chip-and-PIN solution until the end of 2010.[12] The "SEPA for Cards"[13] has completely removed the magnetic stripe requirement from the former Maestro debit cards.
See also[edit]
Credit card fraud
Payments as a platform
Payment card industry
Payment card number
Payment gateway
Payment system
Payment Services Directive
Payment terminal
Prepayment for service
References[edit]
Jump up ^ About-Payments.com – Card Payments
Jump up ^ Wonglimpiyara, Jarunee (1 March 2005). Strategies of Competition in the Bank Card Business. Sussex Academic Press. p. vi. ISBN 978-1903900550.
Jump up ^ "Permata Mini ATM"
Jump up ^ "Mini ATM BRI" Archived December 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ thdabby (2009-02-05), Cashless Scrip ATM Terminals, retrieved 2018-01-30
Jump up ^ Jarunee Wonglimpiyara, Strategies of Competition in the Bank Card Business (2005), p. 1-3.
Jump up ^ Wonglimpiyara 2007, p. 1-3.
Jump up ^ Wonglimpiyara 2007, p. 5.
Jump up ^ "Kortläsare". www.nordea.se. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "e-kort – betala med bankkortet på nätet utan att visa ditt vanliga kortnummer – Swedbank". www.swedbank.se. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Putting Money into the Mobile Wallet". AdMonsters. Retrieved 2013-10-13.
Jump up ^ "EPC Card Fraud Prevention Forum – Agreement on new measures to fight card fraud" Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine., 19. July 2010 by Cédric Sarazin
Jump up ^ "SEPA for Cards" Archived 2009-06-09 at the Wayback Machine., the SEPA Cards Framework and EPC Cards Standardisation Programme, accessed 06. August 2010
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