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Marissa Cooper
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Marissa Cooper
The O.C. character
First appearance
"Premiere"
(episode 1.01)
Last appearance
"The Graduates"
(episode 3.25)
Created by
Josh Schwartz
Portrayed by
Mischa Barton
Information
Nickname(s)
Coop (by Summer)
Mariss (by mother)
Kiddo (by father)
Occupation
High school student
(at the Harbor School; graduated)
Family
James "Jimmy" Cooper
(father)
Julie Cooper
(mother)
Caleb Nichol
(stepfather; deceased)
Kaitlin Cooper
(younger sister)
Cooper Atwood
(maternal half-brother)
Significant other(s)
Luke Ward
(ex-boyfriend)
Ryan Atwood
(ex-boyfriend)
D.J.
(ex-boyfriend)
Alex Kelly
(ex-girlfriend)
Kevin Volchok
(ex-boyfriend)
Relatives
Cindy (maternal aunt)
Residence
Newport Beach, California
Marissa Cooper is a fictional character on the FOX television series The O.C., portrayed by Mischa Barton. Marissa was among the original "core four" characters on The O.C. She is a privileged California native born into a wealthy family, residing next to the Cohen family's house. Throughout The O.C.'s storyline, Marissa is introduced to new characters who influence her perspective on life and her personality.
Contents
[hide]
1 Characterization
1.1 Personality
1.2 Storyline
1.3 Sexuality
1.4 Character's exit
2 Character arc
2.1 Season 1
2.2 Season 2
2.3 Season 3
2.4 Season 4
3 Relationships
3.1 Ryan Atwood
3.2 Julie Cooper
3.3 Summer Roberts
3.4 Luke Ward
4 Reception
4.1 Behavior
5 References
6 External links
Characterization[edit]
Personality[edit]
Marissa Cooper is characterized as the privileged yet troubled girl next door. Her designer-label-packed wardrobe masks her turbulent mood swings and hard-partying ways. Although Marissa is tall, thin and pretty, she is not much else. She is afforded all the privileges of a Newport Beach lifestyle, yet she fails to show any interest or engagement with the world around her. Like many of her peers, she is emotionally distant from her mother and becomes disillusioned with her mother's materialistic ways. As a result, she, like her sister Kaitlin, often rebelled against her mother. She is closer to her father, whom she stated was the "last thing keeping [her] sane"[1] through the tumult of the first two seasons. Throughout the series, Marissa is rarely shown participating in clubs and organizations. The only interests she demonstrates with any regularity are romance and risky behavior, which in her case often go together.[2]
Marissa's risky behavior was a factor in her on-off relationship with Ryan Atwood. For example, during Ryan's first Christmas in Newport Beach, he was furious to find her drunk due to his painful experiences as the child of alcoholic parents but she did not understand his aversion to alcohol and thought that he was overreacting.[3]
Storyline[edit]
Marissa is introduced as a rich, beautiful socialite in Newport Beach, California, whose family (mother Julie, father Jimmy, and younger sister Kaitlin) go through dramatic changes over the seasons. She is a troubled person before the series begins, with a history of substance abuse and rebellious behavior. This is evident from a scene in the pilot where she is left on her front door by her friends, passed out from drinking. The backstory on her friendship with Summer Roberts showcases it as a powerful bond, forged during second grade. One of her deepest connections, the friendship is a central element on the show for three seasons. The show significantly focuses on Marissa's on-and-off again relationship with Ryan Atwood
Sexuality[edit]
Marissa's sexuality has been debated by viewers of the series. When she hooked up with bad girl Alex Kelly, the two entering into a romantic relationship, her heterosexual identity became the source of speculation. Fans questioned whether Marissa was actually bisexual or just bi-curious. The question became one of the top queries that viewers wanted The O.C. creator Josh Schwartz to answer.[4]
Others cited Marissa's relationship with Alex as a cynical sweeps attempt, noting the timing at which Marissa "just happened" to be romantically attracted to a woman. Critic L. Brent Bozell III especially elaborated on this.[5] The New York Post attributed the relationship to a ratings ploy as well, stating that the ratings for the show that year were "solid" but had not "exactly been through the roof and a lesbian storyline — or at least a main character experimenting sexually with someone of the same sex — could help matters".[6]
Schwartz insisted that the relationship between Marissa and Alex was not a ratings stunt, and that Marissa developed real feelings for Alex.[7] Sarah Warn of AfterEllen.com said that despite Schwartz's statements, "Marissa's predominantly heterosexual past, the huge fan support for the Marissa and Ryan (Benjamin McKenzie) pairing, and the controversy The O.C. would court by making one of its principal characters bisexual, it's likely that her 'real feelings' for Alex will only last a few episodes."[7] Within the series, Marissa refers casually to Alex as her ex-girlfriend.
Marissa's sexual orientation, other than her known heterosexual identity, was never confirmed by the series, and was reported to be "Marissa just experimenting with the fairer sex and not committing to a full-on romantic, sapphic relationship."[6] The executives did, however, cite her relationship with Alex as an important one, and one that was successful with viewers.
Schwartz said that the network was "nervous" about the storyline and wanted it "wrapped up as fast as humanly possible and Alex moving on out of the OC."[8]
Character's exit[edit]
The decision to kill Barton's character came from the producers.[9] Josh Schwartz relays that it was entirely a creative decision: "It had as much to do with creatively feeling like this was always in the cards for this character and she was an inherently tragic heroine, and part of the Ryan/Marissa story was him trying to save her from a fate that she couldn't be rescued from."[10] Commenting on her character's death, Barton said: "My character has been through so, so much and there's really nothing more left for her to do."[11] She added, "I was really excited that I get to die, to be honest. [...] It was better than one of those lame farewells."[9]
Character arc[edit]
Season 1[edit]
Marissa's father is caught committing fraud and eventually files for bankruptcy. The first episode sees sparks form between Marissa and Ryan Atwood. "Who are you?" asks Marissa. "Whoever you want me to be," replies Ryan. Luke Ward, Marissa's long-term boyfriend, shows animosity towards Ryan from the moment he steps foot into Orange County. Soon after, on a vacation to Tijuana with Ryan, Seth Cohen and best friend Summer Roberts, Marissa discovers that her parents are separating. In the aftermath, she catches Luke cheating on her with one of her best friends, Holly Fischer. Marissa then separates from her friends and overdoses on pain killers. Ryan finds her unconscious in an alleyway in Tijuana and summons help just in time. After this, Marissa battles with her mother, who wants to send her to rehab. She eventually gets through to Julie but has to agree to see a therapist in Newport Beach after she is caught shoplifting. She meets Oliver Trask during her first session, and they soon become good friends, much to Ryan's displeasure.
Throughout the first season, Marissa is involved in an on-again, off-again relationship with Ryan, with the relationship jeopardized by Luke and Oliver. Oliver is initially discovered by Ryan to be mentally unstable and harboring an unhealthy obsession for Marissa. Ryan and Marissa break up because of his interference. Oliver is arrested after he keeps Marissa as a hostage and threatens to kill himself if she does not leave Ryan for good. After Oliver's arrest, Marissa attempts reuniting with Ryan, he refuses and they remain friends.
During this time, her mother is romantically involved with Kirsten Cohen's father, Caleb Nichol. During a brief breakup with Caleb, Marissa's mother has a fling with Luke, which causes Marissa to run away to Chino, California, to Ryan's ex-girlfriend Theresa Diaz's house. This leads to Ryan and Marissa again becoming romantically involved. Marissa uses the affair between Julie and Luke as blackmail to get out of counseling or living with her mother because Julie does not want anyone to find out.
Marissa and Ryan's relationship is strained once more when Theresa comes to Newport Beach towards the end of the season after suffering domestic abuse from her boyfriend Eddie. Theresa reveals to Marissa that she is pregnant and does not know whether the baby's father is Ryan or Eddie. In the season finale, Ryan leaves Marissa to move back to Chino and help Theresa raise the baby. Marissa moves into Caleb Nichol's home after he and her mother marry in the season finale. Marissa's grief over Ryan's departure makes her turn back to alcohol.
Season 2[edit]
During the second season, Marissa struggles with alcohol and depression, caused largely by Ryan's departure from her life. When Ryan returns, it looks as though they may have rekindled their relationship, but after finding out about her relationship with D.J., the "yard guy", Ryan decides that they should just be friends, which they remain throughout most of the season. Marissa's relationships in the interim period seem somewhat specifically chosen to take stabs at her mother—first with D.J. and then a same-sex relationship with Alex Kelly. Her relationship with her parents sinks to an all-time low when she discovers that they were back together again. At Jimmy's farewell party, she confronts her parents in public and loudly calls Julie a whore and herself "the daughter of a thief and a slut".[1]
Towards the end of the season, Marissa gets back together with Ryan and becomes friends with his brother, Trey, who was recently let out of jail. After Trey takes cocaine, he tries to rape Marissa. Marissa does not want to tell Ryan because she did not want him to worry, and Trey does not want her to tell him because he and Ryan were getting along again. Marissa breaks down and tells Summer, who tells Seth. Seth was initially reluctant to tell his foster brother, knowing Ryan's volatile temperament and tendency to physically lash out when it came to people he cared about. When Ryan finds out, he and Trey get into an extremely violent fist fight at Trey's apartment. The scene ends with Marissa shooting Trey in order to save Ryan, who was pinned on the floor.
Season 3[edit]
As the series' third season opens, Marissa is under investigation regarding the shooting of Trey Atwood, who is in a coma as a result of the wound. When he awakens, Julie threatens to smother Trey if he does not tell the authority that Ryan shot him, in order to keep Marissa out of trouble. Marissa finds out and convinces Trey to tell the truth. Ryan is let free, and Marissa faces no legal liability as she was defending another person's life using proportional force in the circumstances.
Despite a lack of legal repercussions, the event results in Marissa's expulsion from the prestigious Harbor School, as it is cited along with her past of flagrant shoplifting and substance abuse. Following her expulsion, she attends the local public school Newport Union and has difficulty fitting in. She befriends one of her schoolmates, a local surfer named Johnny Harper. Johnny causes rifts in her relationship with Ryan, who ironically befriends Johnny due to their similar backgrounds, initially because Marissa feels she cannot talk to Ryan about what happened with Trey and later because Johnny falls in love with her. She is readmitted to Harbor after a campaign led by Ryan, Seth, Summer, and Marissa's former rival for power at Harbor, Taylor Townsend. Marissa confirms her commitment to Ryan and writes Johnny a letter saying that while he is her friend and she cares for him, she will never love him. This results in Johnny falling to his death from a cliff after a drinking binge, and the tragedy causes Ryan and Marissa's final breakup.
In the wake of Johnny's death, Marissa struggles to find closure, as well as her own place and purpose in Newport Beach. She develops a relationship with Kevin Volchok after she and Ryan break up, which causes her to go back to her rebellious ways. She begins to abuse alcohol again and tries cocaine. Marissa distances herself from Ryan, Summer, and Seth and becomes argumentative again with her mother. After some time, she comes to her senses and decides to leave Kevin. But when she finds him watching The Sound of Music, she realizes he has a sensitive side and decides she may be able to have a relationship with him. During their senior prom, though, she catches him cheating on her and breaks things off.
In the season finale, Marissa receives a letter from her father inviting her to live for a year on a boat with him in Greece, and she accepts. The day she graduates from Harbor along with her friends Summer, Ryan, Seth, and Taylor, Kevin begins calling her and asks to see her, but she declines. Marissa pays Kevin to get out of town and to leave her and Ryan alone. She says her goodbyes to her family and friends and prepares to leave for Greece. After their time together, Ryan drives her to the airport. On the way to the airport, a drunken Kevin begins hitting their car, causing them to go off the road.
Marissa's death. In The Graduates" (episode 3.25)
The car flips over several times and lands upside down on another street. Marissa is unconscious, but Ryan pulls her out of the car, which begins to drip gasoline. Ryan takes Marissa into his arms and away from the car as it explodes. He tells her that he will need to go get help, but knowing that nothing can be done, she asks him to stay. After a few moments of looking into each other's eyes, she dies while in Ryan's arms.
Season 4[edit]
In "The Avengers," Summer believes she sees Marissa - as a ghost - when she returns to the adjoining bedrooms they shared together for the first time since Marissa's death. This causes Summer to fast track her trip back to Brown and leave Newport Beach. Moreover, many characters throughout Season 4 catch glimpses of Marissa, whether they be similar-looking girls in passing or a ghostly imagination of Marissa while reminiscing about her in a familiar place.
Marissa's death has a significant impact on the fourth season, as various characters, particularly her mother Julie and Ryan, struggle to deal with their grief over her death. In the episode "The Cold Turkey", Julie decides that it was time to move on after learning that Volchok turned himself over to the police and had been arrested. Later in the episode, during Thanksgiving dinner, Ryan reminisces to Julie about the first time he saw Marissa out on the driveway and thought that "she was really hot". Marissa's death is most explicitly examined in the episode "The Chrismukk-huh?" where Ryan and Taylor Townsend, both in comas, enter into an alternate universe where he has never moved to Newport Beach, and the lives of most major characters are completely changed.
While trying to find out what is happening in this reality, Taylor stumbles into Marissa's bedroom. She surprises Julie's maid, who tells Taylor that "Miss Cooper's" plane arrives at 3 o'clock from Berkeley. Taylor then sees a photograph of Marissa and Julie on her desk, which leads her to believe that Marissa is still alive in this alternate universe.
After Taylor tells Ryan the news, he immediately wants to go to the airport to see Marissa. Taylor does not want him to in fear that Ryan, who is still recovering from Marissa's death, would be willing to spend the rest of his life in a coma if he could be with Marissa. At the airport, Ryan catches a glimpse of a girl with a pink Berkeley sweatshirt tied around her waist. The sweatshirt resembles the one worn by Marissa in "The Day After Tomorrow." Ryan grabs her shoulder and realizes that it is not Marissa, but her sister, Kaitlin. Kaitlin then explains to Ryan that her sister died three years ago in an overdose in Tijuana (a parallel of her non-fatal overdose in the episode "The Escape").
Ryan thinks he sees Marissa. "The Chrismukk-huh?" (episode 4.7)
Ryan then returns to Newport Beach, realizing that he can never be with Marissa again, alternate universe or not. At first, Ryan and Taylor believe they need to restore the relationships that existed before Marissa's death in order to wake up. However, it becomes apparent that both Ryan and Taylor need to battle their internal demons instead. For Taylor, her demon is her mother (whom she confronts along with her alternate male self at the Christmas party), and for Ryan, it is getting over Marissa.
Back in the real world, Kirsten finds a letter from Marissa addressed to Ryan but does not read it. She hands it over to Julie, who reads the letter. Marissa wrote that she still loved Ryan, but would be leaving Newport Beach because she knew that it was the best thing to do, so that they could both move on. She stated that when she got back, they might try again, as they would both be older and wiser. The letter is eventually placed right beside Ryan, which allows the letter to be "delivered" to Ryan in the alternate universe.
Ryan then goes to the beach, and upon discovering the letter, reads it. He finally says goodbye to Marissa and exits the alternate universe.
In the final episode, Marissa appears as Ryan's final flashback as he reflects on his life in Newport Beach. As he backs out of the driveway, Ryan remembers seeing Marissa standing on the corner watching as he and Sandy drive away when Ryan thought he was not coming back to Newport Beach (as seen in "The Premiere").
Relationships[edit]
Ryan Atwood[edit]
Ryan Atwood is Marissa's second boyfriend on The O.C. Although extremely on-and-off-again throughout the show’s course - their relationship originated as a platonic friendship in the pilot episode, which later escalated into romantic feelings. By the 10th episode of the first season, the couple officially began their romantic relationship. The beginning of this relationship sees its first end when Marissa feels that Ryan has overreacted to Marissa and Oliver Trask’s friendship. The second course of Marissa and Ryan’s relationship fails because of Theresa Diaz and Ryan’s illegitimate child together, whom Ryan agrees to help raise – returning to Theresa’s arms and leaving Marissa to return to her alcoholic behavior. The third attempt of Marissa and Ryan’s relationship terminates after the suicide of Johnny Harper where they struggle to mourn him and need a break from each other. The couple’s last attempt at a relationship ends when Marissa is killed by a drunken Kevin Volchok who sends Ryan and Marissa's car off the road, sending her to her death.[12]
Julie Cooper[edit]
The overall relationship between Marissa and her mother, Julie Cooper, is full of angst, rebellion, misunderstanding and miscommunication. Beginning with the fling between Julie and Marissa's ex-boyfriend Luke Ward, the strain in the two's relationship increases throughout the course of the show. After Marissa’s father Jimmy Cooper and Julie divorce, Julie treats Marissa as second tier to her many wealthy, successful boyfriends and fiancés in an attempt to save her own social and monetary status. The troubled Marissa is then left to deal with her friendship, alcoholic, and depression issue alone, without the help of Julie. The mother-daughter duo move from their home neighboring the Cohens, to Caleb Nichol's home, to a mobile home during their time of financial hardship.
Summer Roberts[edit]
Summer Roberts, Marissa’s best friend, is a girl that Marissa often leans on in both happy and sad times. Marissa’s nickname for Summer, “Sum,” emphasizes the two’s bond. Together, Marissa and Summer are the popular girls at school: Summer the socialite, and Marissa the over-achieving, beautiful girl many long to be. The friendship between Summer and Marissa is further strengthened by the boyfriends they often have: best friends, and “brothers,” Seth Cohen and Ryan Atwood, as many group hang-outs and double dates occur.[12] After every fight between Marissa’s on-and-off-again boyfriend, Ryan, Summer is the first by Marissa’s side – a supportive and comforting friend asking what went wrong. Summer becomes a positive force in Marissa's life. For instance, Summer helps Marissa out of the hospital in episode 8, is open to Marissa's fluid sexuality in episode 24, and has enough faith in Marissa despite her problematic behavior that she buys her a Berkeley sweatshirt in episode 71. Their friendship offers strong signs of female solidarity and is unique in that it is shown as a source of support and a catalyst for empowerment.
Luke Ward[edit]
Marissa’s first romantic relationship on the show is with water polo player Luke Ward. Their relationship begins prior to the Premiere. Marissa and Luke’s relationship stems back to the fifth grade on a class trip to the Museum of Tolerance. After much hesitation, Marissa decides to lose her virginity to Luke. Issues in Marissa and Luke’s relationship constantly arise, making the viewer question if they really are in love. On a trip to Tijuana, Marissa discovers Luke cheating on her with one of her friends, Holly Fischer, on the dance floor in a club.[12] Marissa breaks up with Luke, who later begins an affair with her mother, Julie Cooper.[13] Luke and Marissa’s tumultuous relationship evolves into a mature friendship by the second season. The two realize that they may not be the most compatible couple but can benefit from each other's friendship and support.
Reception[edit]
Behavior[edit]
There is controversy surrounding Marissa Cooper’s character and how she is perceived. Some viewers perceived Marissa’s behavior negatively, viewing her as a poor role model at times. Specifically, her behavior had a negative influence on unhealthy consumption of alcohol. Marissa’s use of drugs and alcohol to cope with her mental issues and emotional stress provides a poor influence for the show’s viewers. Marissa is depicted several times drinking alcohol alone behind locked doors. Some viewers did not want to follow in Marissa’s footsteps due to her constant destructive behavior. She became entertaining to watch on television but not someone that viewers wanted to mirror.[14]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "The Family Ties". The O.C. Season 2. Episode 7. January 6, 2005. Fox.
Jump up ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=hnipAZkbVi8C&pg=PA29&lpg=PA29&dq=marissa+cooper+personality+traits&source=bl&ots=JyA8VTXo-d&sig=GYNe9Urs18K9sLPvx4KviYjkm5k&hl=en&sa=X&ei=S_JOUpmMOa2z4AO06YDwDw&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAjgK#v=onepage&q=marissa%20cooper%20personality%20traits&f=false
Jump up ^ "The Best Chrismukkah Ever". The O.C. Season 1. Episode 13. December 3, 2003. Fox.
Jump up ^ "What do you want to ask The O.C.'s Josh Schwarts". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
Jump up ^ Bozell III, L. Brent. "Is Sweeps Month Lesbian Month?". MRC.org, Creators Syndicate. Archived from the original on 2008-11-04. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
^ Jump up to: a b New York Post, MISCHA Barton's love lorn character on "The O.C.," Marissa Cooper, is slated for a lesbian love scene later this season, according to reports. The girl-girl love scene is usually a guaranteed ratings getter — a lesbian kiss pumped up the ratings for "Buffy the Vampire Slayer" a few years ago — so "The O.C." is going to try it too, says a report on the web site TVgasm.com. A Fox spokesman for "The O.C." declined to comment on the report yesterday. The ratings for "The O.C." this season — while solid — have not exactly been through the roof and a lesbian storyline — or at least a main character experimenting sexually with someone of the same sex — could help matters. Howard Stern had it right a few years ago when he said that "lesbians equal ratings" — the audience for "Buffy" shot when Alyson Hannigan's character Willow began a relationship with Tara, another witch (played by Amber Benson). Since then, girl-girl love scenes have become more common on TV, so it was probably just a matter of time before "The O.C." dipped into the well. Gay and bi-sexual characters have been scattered throughout primetime for years on shows like "Will & Grace" and others. It is believed that Barton's character will just be experimenting with the fairer sex and not committing to a full-on romantic, sapphic relationship.
^ Jump up to: a b Warn, Sarah (2005-01-17). "The O.C.'s Alex Boosts Bisexual Visibility on TV". AfterEllen.com. Archived from the original on 2008-02-09. Retrieved 2008-01-29.
Jump up ^ Simmons, Bill. "Page 2 : Curious Guy". ESPN.com. Retrieved January 24, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "'OC' star discusses character's exit". Digital Spy. May 24, 2006. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ Stern, Marlow (August 5, 2013). "Remembering 'The O.C.': Creator Josh Schwartz on the show's 10th anniversary". The Daily Beast. Retrieved October 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Mischa Barton's 'O.C.' character killed". USA Today. May 19, 2006. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Bindig, Laurie (2007). The O.C.: A Critical Understanding. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-0-7391-3317-0.
Jump up ^ "The O.C. Flashback".
Jump up ^ Davies, Madeline. "The O.C. Might Have Created a Generation of Drunk Marissa Coopers".
Bindig, Laurie (2007), The O.C.: A Critical Understanding (1 ed.), Lexington Books, ISBN 978-0-7391-3317-0
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Marissa Cooper
Marissa Cooper at the Internet Movie Database
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The O.C.
Characters
Main
Sandy Cohen
Kirsten Cohen
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Marissa Cooper
Seth Cohen
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Recurring
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Anna Stern
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Hailey Nichol
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Alex Kelly
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Episodes
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"Premiere"
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
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Chrismukkah
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Game of Thrones (season 8)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Game of Thrones (season 8)
Promotional poster
Starring
See List of Game of Thrones cast
Country of origin
United States
Release
Original network
HBO
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 7
List of Game of Thrones episodes
The eighth and final season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones was announced by HBO in July 2016. Unlike the first six seasons that each had ten episodes and the seventh that had seven episodes, the eighth season will have only six episodes. Like the previous season, it will largely consist of original content not found currently in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series and will instead adapt material Martin has revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series, The Winds of Winter and A Dream of Spring.
The season will be adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss. Filming officially began on October 23, 2017, and concluded in July 2018. The season is scheduled to premiere during the first half of 2019.
Contents
1 Episodes
2 Cast
2.1 Main cast
2.2 Supporting cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Crew
3.3 Writing
3.4 Filming
3.5 Episodes
3.6 Music
4 References
5 External links
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of Game of Thrones episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by [1][2]
Written by [3]
Original air date [4]
U.S. viewers
(millions)
68
1 TBA David Nutter Dave Hill 2019 (2019) TBD
69
2 TBA David Nutter Bryan Cogman 2019 (2019) TBD
70
3 TBA Miguel Sapochnik David Benioff & D. B. Weiss 2019 (2019) TBD
71
4 TBA David Nutter David Benioff & D. B. Weiss 2019 (2019) TBD
72
5 TBA Miguel Sapochnik David Benioff & D. B. Weiss 2019 (2019) TBD
73
6 TBA David Benioff & D. B. Weiss David Benioff & D. B. Weiss 2019 (2019) TBD
Cast[edit]
See also: List of Game of Thrones characters
Peter Dinklage (Tyrion Lannister)
Nikolaj Coster-Waldau
(Jaime Lannister)
Lena Headey (Cersei Lannister)
Emilia Clarke (Daenerys Targaryen)
Main cast[edit]
Peter Dinklage as Tyrion Lannister[5]
Nikolaj Coster-Waldau as Jaime Lannister[5]
Lena Headey as Cersei Lannister[5]
Emilia Clarke as Daenerys Targaryen[5]
Kit Harington as Jon Snow[5]
Liam Cunningham as Davos Seaworth[6]
Sophie Turner as Sansa Stark[7]
Maisie Williams as Arya Stark[8]
Nathalie Emmanuel as Missandei[9]
Gwendoline Christie as Brienne of Tarth[9]
John Bradley as Samwell Tarly[10]
Isaac Hempstead Wright as Bran Stark[11]
Hannah Murray as Gilly[12]
Rory McCann as Sandor "The Hound" Clegane[13]
Iain Glen as Jorah Mormont[14]
Conleth Hill as Varys[15]
Carice van Houten as Melisandre[16]
Jerome Flynn as Bronn[17]
Joe Dempsie as Gendry[18]
Supporting cast[edit]
Ben Crompton as Eddison Tollett[19]
Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson as Gregor Clegane[20]
Jacob Anderson as Grey Worm[9]
Daniel Portman as Podrick Payne[21]
Rupert Vansittart as Yohn Royce[9]
Marc Rissmann as Harry Strickland[22]
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
The eighth and final season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones was announced by HBO in July 2016,[23][24] and, like the previous season, it will largely consist of original content not found currently in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire series and will instead adapt material Martin has revealed to showrunners about the upcoming novels in the series, The Winds of Winter and A Dream of Spring.[25]
Crew[edit]
Series creators and executive producers David Benioff and D. B. Weiss will serve as showrunners for the eighth season. The directors for the eighth season were announced in September 2017. Miguel Sapochnik, who previously directed "The Gift" and "Hardhome" on season 5, as well as "Battle of the Bastards" and "The Winds of Winter" on season 6 will return as director. He will divide up direction of the first five episodes with David Nutter, who had directed two episodes on seasons two, three and five. The final episode of the show will be directed by Benioff and Weiss, who have previously directed one episode each.[1]
At the show's South by Southwest panel on March 12, 2017, Benioff and Weiss announced the writers for the show to be Dave Hill (episode 1) and Bryan Cogman (episode 2). The showrunners will then divide up the screenplay for the remaining four episodes amongst themselves.[26]
Writing[edit]
Writing for the eighth season started with a 140-page outline. Benioff said that the divvying up process and who should write what section became more difficult because "this would be the last time that we would be doing this".[27]
Filming[edit]
In an interview with Entertainment Weekly, HBO programming president Casey Bloys stated that instead of the series finale being a feature film, the final season would be "six one-hour movies" on television. He continued, "The show has proven that TV is every bit as impressive and in many cases more so, than film. What they're doing is monumental."[28] Filming officially began on October 23, 2017,[29] and concluded in July 2018.[30]
Episodes[edit]
Co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss have said that the seventh and eighth season would likely consist of fewer episodes, stating that after season six, they were "down to our final 13 episodes after this season. We're heading into the final lap."[31][32] Benioff and Weiss stated that they were unable to produce 10 episodes in the show's usual 12 to 14-month time frame, as Weiss said, "It's crossing out of a television schedule into more of a mid-range movie schedule."[31] HBO confirmed in July 2016, that the seventh season would consist of seven episodes, and would premiere later than usual in mid-2017 because of the later filming schedule.[33] Benioff and Weiss later confirmed that the eighth season will consist of six episodes, and is expected to premiere later than usual for the same reason.[34]
Benioff and Weiss spoke about the end of the show, saying, "From the beginning we've wanted to tell a 70-hour movie. It will turn out to be a 73-hour movie, but it's stayed relatively the same of having the beginning, middle and now we're coming to the end. It would have been really tough if we lost any core cast members along the way, I'm very happy we've kept everyone and we get to finish it the way we want to."[34] The season is scheduled to premiere during the first half of 2019.[35]
Music[edit]
Ramin Djawadi is set to return as the composer of the show for the eighth season.[36]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Hooton, Christopher (September 27, 2017). "Game of Thrones season 8: Directors revealed for all episodes". The Independent. Archived from the original on October 20, 2017. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Chitwood, Adam (December 15, 2017). "'Justice League' DP Fabian Wagner on Zack Snyder's Cut, Superman's Black Suit & 'Game of Thrones'". Collider. Archived from the original on December 16, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Carson, Biz (March 12, 2017). "The final season of 'Game of Thrones' will only be six episodes". Business Insider. Archived from the original on April 12, 2017. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Game of Thrones Will Return in 2019". HBO. Archived from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Goldberg, Lesley (June 21, 2016). "'Game of Thrones' Stars Score Hefty Pay Raises for Season 8". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on August 22, 2017. Retrieved August 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Liam Cunningham (Davos) talks about the filming schedule for Game of Thrones Season 8". Winteriscoming.net. January 10, 2017. Archived from the original on August 28, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Thompson, Avery (February 15, 2017). "Sophie Turner Drops Massive Spoiler About Sansa Stark's Fate in Season 8". Hollywood Life. Archived from the original on October 2, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Morton, Ashley (August 28, 2017). "Maisie Williams Thinks Arya Went Hunting for Trouble This Season". Making Off Game of Thrones. Archived from the original on September 16, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Shepherd, Jack (October 24, 2017). "Game of Thrones season 8 filming looks to be underway as cast members spotted in Belfast". The Independent. Archived from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bradley, John (August 29, 2017). "There's a new tag team in town. 💪 Hope you enjoyed season 7. Thanks for watching and we'll be back. The wait starts now. 😊 #gameofthrones #GOT". Instagram. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Bill (August 30, 2017). "'Game of Thrones' Actor Says Cut Scene Would've Explained Confusing Finale Moment". HuffPost. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ ChristineDoesCons (May 28, 2018). "Hannah Murray @ COT 2018". YouTube. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Bill (August 28, 2017). "'Game of Thrones' Actor Rory McCann Says He's Already Training For Cleganebowl". HuffPost. Archived from the original on March 22, 2018. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Comic Con Stockholm 2017 - Iain Glen Q&A". YouTube. October 5, 2017. Archived from the original on December 19, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kinkaid, Ben (January 5, 2018). "What News From Westeros? Everything we know about Game of Thrones Season 8". GQ. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Stolworthy, Jacob (January 17, 2018). "Game of Thrones season 8: Melisandre return confirmed as fans theorise on character storyline". The Independent. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Nolan, Emma (January 21, 2018). "Game of Thrones season 8 cast: Who will be in the final series?". Daily Express. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Deen, Sarah (March 24, 2018). "Game of Thrones star Joe Dempsie is scared he'll get drunk and reveal final season secrets". Metro. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ McCreesh, Louise (November 6, 2017). "The Night's Watch WILL be in Game of Thrones season 8, confirms Lord Commander actor". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on December 6, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Medeiros, Madison (August 30, 2017). "Attention Cleganebowl Fans: The Hound & The Mountain Are Already Bashing Each Other IRL". Refinery29. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Riddell, Rose (May 29, 2018). "Interview: Daniel Portman on 'Game of Thrones' and his upcoming visit to New Zealand". Coup de Main. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Stolworthy, Jacob (October 18, 2017). "Game of Thrones season 8 casting announcement debunks fan theory". The Independent. Archived from the original on November 8, 2017. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (July 30, 2016). "Game of Thrones: HBO confirms season 8 will be last". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on September 1, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Birnbaum, Debra (July 30, 2016). "HBO Confirms 'Game of Thrones' Will End With Eighth Season". Variety. Archived from the original on September 2, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (May 24, 2016). "George R.R. Martin revealed 3 huge shocks to Game of Thrones producers". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Miller, Liz Shannon (August 28, 2017). "'Game of Thrones' Season 8: Everything We Know About the Final Season". Indiewire. Archived from the original on October 20, 2017. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Morton, Ashley (March 13, 2017). "Everything You Missed From Game of Thrones at SXSW 2017". Making Game of Thrones. Archived from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ James Hibberd, James Hibberd (June 2, 2017). "Game of Thrones: HBO clarifies prequels, final seasons plan". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 2, 2017. Retrieved June 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Shepherd, Jack (October 23, 2017). "Game of Thrones season 8 filming looks to be underway as cast members spotted in Belfast". The Independent. Archived from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kelleher, Kevin (July 9, 2018). "'Game of Thrones' Final Season Has Finished Filming. Now a Winter of Waiting Begins". Fortune. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Birnbaum, Debra (April 14, 2016). "'Game of Thrones' Creators Mull Shorter Final Seasons (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Archived from the original on August 21, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (April 14, 2016). "'Game of Thrones' Considering Shorter Final Seasons". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on June 18, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (July 18, 2016). "Game of Thrones: HBO announces summer return, 7 episodes". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on September 1, 2016. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Hibberd, James (March 12, 2017). "Game of Thrones producers confirm final season only 6 episodes". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on March 12, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Roots, Kimberly (July 25, 2018). "Game of Thrones: HBO Boss Narrows Down Final Season Premiere Date". TVLine. Retrieved July 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Bill (January 26, 2017). "'Game of Thrones' Composer Says You're Not Hearing What You Think You Are". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on January 26, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
External links[edit]
Game of Thrones – official US site
Game of Thrones – official UK site
Game of Thrones – The Viewers Guide on HBO.com
Making Game of Thrones on HBO.com
List of Game of Thrones episodes on IMDb
List of Game of Thrones episodes at TV.com
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Murillo
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Murillo
Gender
Male
Origin
Word/name
Spain
Meaning
small wall
Region of origin
(Spain) (South America)
Other names
Related names
Murilo
Murillo may mean:
A Spanish and Portuguese given name with an original meaning of "small wall".
Places
Murillo, Ontario a Canadian township named after Bartolomé Esteban Murillo
Murillo, Tolima a Colombian town
Murillo de Gállego a municipality in Zaragoza, Aragon, Spain
People
Ander Murillo, a Spanish football (soccer) player
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, a seventeenth-century Spanish artist
Jeison Murillo, a Colombian footballer
Juan Murillo, a Venezuelan road cyclist
Manuel Murillo Toro, a nineteenth-century Colombian president and writer
Marino Murillo, a Cuban communist official
Óscar Fabián Murillo Murillo, a Colombian footballer
Oscar Murillo, an artist
Pedro Domingo Murillo, independentist leader of Bolivia
Fernando Ramírez de Haro, 15th Count of Murillo, Spanish aristocrat
Buildings
Murillo Flats, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Polk County, Iowa
Transportation
SS Murillo, a refrigerated cargo ship in service with Lamport & Holt Line 1946-52
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Murillo.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Murillo&oldid=790185636"
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Yogendra Singh Yadav
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the politician, see Yogendra Yadav.
Subedar Major
Yogendra Singh Yadav
PVC
then-Subedar Yadav, wearing his PVC Medal.
Born
(1980-05-10) May 10, 1980 (age 38)[1]
Bulandshahr District, Uttar Pradesh. India
Allegiance
Republic of India
Service/branch
Indian Army
Rank
Subedar Major
Service number
2690572
Unit
18th Grenadiers
Battles/wars
Kargil War
Operation Vijay
Battle of Tiger Hill
Awards
Param Vir Chakra
Subedar Major[2] Yogendra Singh Yadav PVC is a Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) of the Indian Army, who was awarded the highest Indian military honour, the Param Vir Chakra, for his 4 July 1999 action during the Kargil War. Aged 19 when he received the decoration, he is recorded as the youngest person to ever be awarded the Param Vir Chakra.[3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Kargil War
3 Param Vir Chakra Citation
4 Portrayal in film and media
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Yogendra Singh Yadav was born on 10 May 1980[3] in Aurangabad Ahir village of Sikandrabad, Bulandshahr District, Uttar Pradesh.[5] His father Karan Singh Yadav had served in the Kumaon Regiment, participating in the 1965 and 1971 Indo-Pakistan wars.[3] Yadav joined Indian Army at a very young of 16 years and 5 months.[6]
Career[edit]
Kargil War[edit]
Main article: Battle of Tiger Hill
Yadav, enlisted with 18 Grenadiers, was part of the commando platoon 'Ghatak', tasked to capture three strategic bunkers on Tiger Hill in the early morning hours of 4 July 1999. The bunkers were situated at the top of a vertical, snow-covered, 1000 foot high cliff face. Yadav, volunteering to lead the assault, climbed the cliff face and installed ropes that would allow further assaults on the feature. Halfway up, an enemy bunker opened up machine gun and rocket fire, killing the platoon commander and two others. In spite of having been hit by multiple bullets in his groin and shoulder, Yadav climbed the remaining 60 feet and reached the top. Though severely injured, he crawled to the first bunker and lobbed a grenade, killing four Pakistani soldiers and neutralizing enemy fire. This gave the rest of the platoon the opportunity to climb up the cliff face.[7]
Yadav then charged the second bunker along with two of his fellow soldiers and engaged in hand-to-hand combat, killing four Pakistani soldiers. Overall Yadav was hit by 14 bullets and played a major role in capture of Tiger hills.[8] The platoon subsequently succeeded in capturing Tiger Hill.
The Param Vir Chakra was announced for Yadav posthumously, but it was soon discovered that he was recuperating in a hospital, and it was his namesake that had been slain in the mission.[9]
Param Vir Chakra Citation[edit]
The Param Vir Chakra citation on the Official Indian Army Website reads as follows:
CITATION
GRENADIER YOGINDER SINGH YADAV
18 GRENADIERS (2690-572)
Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav was part of the leading team of a Ghatak Platoon tasked to capture Tiger Hill on the night of 3/4 July 1999. The approach to the top was steep, snowbound and rocky. Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav, unmindful of the danger involved, volunteered to lead and fix the rope for his team to climb up. On seeing the team, the enemy opened intense automatic, grenade, rocket and artillery fire killing the Commander and two of his colleagues and the platoon was stalled. Realising the gravity of the situation, Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav crawled up to the enemy position to silence it and in the process sustained multiple bullet injuries. Unmindful of his injuries and in the hail of enemy bullets, Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav continued climbing towards the enemy positions, lobbed grenades, continued firing from his weapons and killed four enemy soldiers in close combat and silenced the automatic fire. Despite multiple bullet injuries, he refused to be evacuated and continued the charge. Inspired by his gallant act, the platoon charged on the other positions with renewed punch and captured Tiger Hill Top.
Grenadier Yogender Singh Yadav displayed the most conspicuous courage, indomitable gallantry, grit and determination under extreme adverse circumstances.[10]
Portrayal in film and media[edit]
The three living recipients of the Param Vir Chakra Award: Yogendra Singh Yadav, Bana Singh and Sanjay Kumar

The actions of the fictional war hero Karan Shergill played by Hrithik Roshan in the Bollywood film Lakshya on Tiger Hill are a screen adaptation of the heroic deeds undertaken by among others, the platoon of Yadav, and give a detailed description of their arduous journey to capture the strategically placed bunkers on the 5307 metre high Tiger Hill.[11]
The assault led by another Ghatak platoon from the same regiment on Tololing was adapted as one of the prominent battle scenes in the Hindi film LOC Kargil. Bollywood actor Manoj Bajpai portrayed the role of Yadav in the film.[12]
Western websites have also paid tribute to him and his actions at Tiger Hill, with articles such as 5 Real Life Soldiers Who Make Rambo Look Like a Pussy[13] by Cracked.com and The Badass of the Week: Yogendra Singh Yadav.[14]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav, PVC". twdi.in.
Jump up ^ "Yogendra Singh Yadav is shown to be a Subedar Major". 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Major General Ian Cardozo (2003). Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle. Roli Books Private Limited. pp. The Last Ghatak. ISBN 9789351940296.
Jump up ^ "YOGENDER SINGH YADAV | Gallantry Awards". gallantryawards.gov.in. Retrieved 2017-12-15.
Jump up ^ S. D. S. Yadava (1 Jan 2006). Followers of Krishna: Yadavas of India (Google eBook). Lancer Publishers. p. 47. ISBN 9788170622161. Retrieved 6 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Cardozo, Major General Ian (2003). Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle. Roli Books Private Limited. p. The Last Ghatak. ISBN 9789351940296. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Profile on Yadav on the Indian Army website". Archived from the original on 13 August 2006. Retrieved 18 August 2006.
Jump up ^ Rachana Bhatt (2006). "The Brave: Param Vir Chakra Stories". History. Penguin Books. pp. YSY.
Jump up ^ "Army orders inquiry into PVC blunder". Retrieved 30 November 2013.
Jump up ^ The Param Vir Chakra Winners (PVC), Official Website of the Indian Army, retrieved 28 August 2014 "Profile" and "Citation" tabs.
Jump up ^ "10 Army Heroes and Their Extra Ordinary Tales of Bravery". TBI Team. thebetterindia.com. The Better India. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Real Story behind LOC Kargil Movie". Bharat Rakshak. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "5 Real Life Soldiers Who Make Rambo Look Like a Pussy". Cracked.com.
Jump up ^ "Badass of the Week: Yogender Singh Yadav". badassoftheweek.com.
External links[edit]
5 Real Life Soldiers Who Make Rambo Look Like a Pussy
The Badass of the Week: Yogendra Singh Yadav
10 Army Heroes and Their Extra Ordinary Tales of Bravery
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e
Param Vir Chakra
Recipients
Somnath Sharma (1947)
Jadunath Singh (1948)
Rama Raghoba Rane (1948)
Piru Singh Shekhawat (1948)
Karam Singh (1948)
Gurbachan Singh Salaria (1961)
Dhan Singh Thapa (1962)
Joginder Singh (1962)
Shaitan Singh (1962)
Abdul Hamid (1965)
Ardeshir Burzorji Tarapore (1965)
Albert Ekka (1971)
Nirmal Jit Singh Sekhon (1971)
Arun Khetarpal (1971)
Hoshiar Singh (1971)
Bana Singh (1987)
Ramaswamy Parameshwaran (1987)
Manoj Kumar Pandey (1999)
Yogendra Singh Yadav (1999)
Sanjay Kumar (1999)
Vikram Batra (1999)

Designer
Savitri Khanolkar
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yogendra_Singh_Yadav&oldid=846603409"
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