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Winter Is Coming
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For other uses, see Winter Is Coming (disambiguation).
"Winter Is Coming"
Game of Thrones episode
Lord Eddard Stark (right, played by Sean Bean) before executing Will for deserting the Night's Watch.
Episode no.
Season 1
Episode 1
Directed by
Tim Van Patten
Written by
David Benioff
D. B. Weiss
Featured music
Ramin Djawadi
Cinematography by
Alik Sakharov
Editing by
Oral Norrie Ottey
Original air date
April 17, 2011 (2011-04-17)
Running time
62 minutes[1]
Guest appearance(s)
Donald Sumpter as Maester Luwin
Jamie Sives as Jory Cassel
Ron Donachie as Rodrik Cassel
Joseph Mawle as Benjen Stark
Roger Allam as Magister Illyrio
Dar Salim as Qotho
Esmé Bianco as Ros
Susan Brown as Septa Mordane
Bronson Webb as Will
John Standing as Jon Arryn
Rob Ostlere as Waymar Royce
Dermot Keaney as Gared
Art Parkinson as Rickon Stark
Callum Wharry as Tommen Baratheon
Aimee Richardson as Myrcella Baratheon
Kristian Nairn as Hodor
Episode chronology
← Previous
— Next →
"The Kingsroad"
Game of Thrones (season 1)
List of Game of Thrones episodes
"Winter Is Coming" is the first episode of the HBO medieval fantasy television series Game of Thrones. It was written by the show creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, in a faithful adaptation of the first chapters of George R. R. Martin's book A Game of Thrones. The episode was directed by Tim Van Patten, redoing the work done by director Tom McCarthy in an unaired pilot.
As the first episode of the series, it introduces the setting and the main characters of the show. The episode centers on the Stark family, and how its lord, Eddard Stark, gets involved in the court politics after the king chooses Eddard to replace his recently deceased chief administrator ("Hand of the King"). The episode received largely positive reviews, and was seen initially by 2.2 million viewers. A week before the episode first aired, HBO made the first 15 minutes available as an Internet preview.
The title of the episode is the motto (referred to as "House Words" in-universe) of House Stark, which is spoken several times in the episode and in the series.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
1.1 Beyond the Wall
1.2 In King's Landing
1.3 In the North
1.4 In Pentos
2 Production
2.1 Conception and development
2.2 Writing
2.3 Filming
2.4 Original pilot
2.5 Aired episode
3 Reception
3.1 Preview
3.2 Ratings
3.3 International
3.4 Critical response
3.5 Accolades
3.5.1 Awards and nominations
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
The episode begins the process of interweaving action happening in multiple separate locations within and around the fictional continent of Westeros.
Beyond the Wall[edit]
Three rangers of the Night's Watch scout beyond the Wall, a massive barrier of ice at the north end of the kingdom. After finding the mutilated corpses of some wildlings (tribal humans who live north of the Wall), the rangers are confronted by White Walkers (demonic creatures) and undead wildlings. Two of the rangers are killed by the White Walkers, while the third, Will, is left alive. Fearing for his life, Will deserts the Night's Watch, going South.
In King's Landing[edit]
Queen Cersei, and her twin brother, Jaime Lannister, are watching as the dead body of Jon Arryn, The Hand of The King, is tended to by the Silent Sisters. They discuss whether he revealed any dangerous information regarding the two of them to anyone before his death. Jaime assures his sister that if Arryn had spoken to anyone, they would already have been executed.
In the North[edit]
The Starks of Winterfell are introduced, including Lord Eddard "Ned" Stark, his wife, Lady Catelyn "Cat" Stark and his five children: heir Robb, elder daughter Sansa, younger daughter Arya, ten-year-old son Bran and youngest son, Rickon. Also introduced are Ned's illegitimate son Jon Snow and ward Theon Greyjoy.
Ned is informed that a deserter of the Night's Watch has been captured. He takes his sons to witness Will's execution. Will reports that he saw White Walkers, but nobody believes him and Ned beheads him. When Bran asks his father about the White Walkers, Ned dismisses it as a madman's ravings, insisting that the Walkers have been extinct for thousands of years. Upon their return, the Starks find a dead stag, sigil (seal) of House Baratheon. A bit farther they find a dead dire wolf and her surviving pups. Noting that the dire wolf is the sigil of the Stark family and there are as many pups as the Stark children, they take the pups in as companions.
Back at Winterfell, a letter arrives announcing the death of Lord Arryn, Eddard's old friend and Catelyn's brother-in-law. An additional message reports that the king himself is coming to Winterfell. Winterfell receives the royal court, including King Robert Baratheon; his wife Queen Cersei; their three children: the heir Prince Joffrey, Princess Myrcella and the youngest Prince Tommen; as well as Cersei's twin brother, Jaime Lannister, a member of the Kingsguard; and their younger brother, Tyrion Lannister, a dwarf known as "The Imp". As Robert pays his respects to Lyanna Stark, his late fiancée and Ned's sister, Robert confides to his old friend that he doesn't trust anyone around him. He decides to name Ned as the new Hand of the King, and to solidify the alliance between the two families, he suggests that Sansa be betrothed to Joffrey.
At night, Catelyn receives a troubling message from her sister, Lord Arryn's widow. She suspects her husband Jon was murdered by the king's in-laws, the powerful Lannisters. Ned, who at first was reluctant to accept the position of Hand of the King, does so in order to protect his old friend. Bran, who enjoys climbing the walls of Winterfell, climbs an abandoned tower where he stumbles on Queen Cersei and Jaime having sex. To keep the incestuous relationship a secret, Jaime shoves Bran out of the high window.
In Pentos[edit]
Exiled prince Viserys Targaryen plots to overthrow King Robert and reclaim his father's throne. To this end, he brokers a marriage between his sister Daenerys and a powerful warlord Khal Drogo, leader of a nomadic horde of Dothraki. During the wedding ceremony, Daenerys is given two wedding gifts. The first is a collection of books from the Seven Kingdoms, given by Ser Jorah Mormont, an exiled knight loyal to the Targaryens. The second gift is a chest containing three petrified dragon eggs, given by Magister Illyrio Mopatis, the man who helped arrange the marriage.
Production[edit]
Conception and development[edit]
A number of Hollywood studios had contacted George R. R. Martin about possible adaptation of his book series A Song of Ice and Fire into a film, however Martin expressed the opinion the books could not be made into a film as too much would have to be cut from the books, but thought it could be made into a television series.[2] In January 2006, David Benioff spoke to Martin's literary agent about the books he represented for possible adaption, and the agent sent the first four books of A Song of Ice and Fire to David Benioff.[3] Benioff read a few hundred pages of the first book in the series, A Game of Thrones,[4] called D. B. Weiss and said: "Maybe I'm crazy, but I haven't had this much fun reading anything in about 20 years. So take a look because I think it might make a great HBO series."[5] Weiss, who then read the first book in two days, was very enthusiastic about a possible television project based on the books. They arranged a meeting with Martin, who asked them if they knew who Jon Snow’s real mother might be, and was satisfied with their answer.[4]
In March 2006, a few weeks after meeting Martin, Benioff and Weiss pitched the show to Showtime and Carolyn Strauss of HBO, who accepted their proposal.[4][6] HBO acquired the rights to the novels to turn them into a television series,[7] with Benioff and Weiss as writers and executive producers of the series. The series went into development in January 2007.[8] The series would begin with the 1996 first book of A Song of Ice and Fire, "A Game of Thrones", with the intention that each novel in the series would form the basis for a season's worth of episodes.[8] However, Benioff and Weiss had to resubmit a proposal after Carolyn Strauss stepped down as president of HBO in 2008.[9] The first and second drafts of the pilot script, written by Benioff and Weiss, were submitted in August 2007 and June 2008 respectively.[10] While HBO found both drafts to their liking, a pilot was not ordered until November 2008.[11]
Writing[edit]
Series co-creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss wrote the episode.
Scripted by the show creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, the first episode includes the plot of the book's chapters 1–9 and 12 (Prologue, Bran I, Catelyn I, Daenerys I, Eddard I, Jon I, Catelyn II, partial Arya I, Bran II, Daenerys II). Changes in the adaptation include the sequence of events in the prologue (in the books it is Gared and not Will who survives and is beheaded by Eddard afterwards, and Arya's material is set before the arrival of the royal family), new scenes showing the Lannister twins' perspective, and Daenerys's wedding night showing Drogo not waiting for her to consent to sex.[12]
Filming[edit]
Sean Bean portrays Ned Stark in the series.
Tom McCarthy was chosen to direct the pilot episode, shot between October 24 and November 19, 2009 on location in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Morocco.[13] However, the pilot was deemed unsatisfactory and had to be reshot.
The new pilot episode was filmed in 2010 by new director Tim Van Patten, and several actors appearing in the original pilot did not return for the series. Tamzin Merchant was replaced as Daenerys Targaryen by Emilia Clarke, and Jennifer Ehle was replaced as Catelyn Stark by Michelle Fairley.[14] Additionally, Ian McNeice was replaced as Magister Illyrio by Roger Allam,[15] Richard Ridings[16] as Gared by Dermot Keaney, and Jamie Campbell Bower[16] as Ser Waymar Royce by Rob Ostlere.[17]
Another difference is that the original pilot featured scenes shot in Scotland and scenes in Pentos were shot in Morocco,[18][19] but in the aired series, Winterfell was filmed in a combination of locations in Northern Ireland, while scenes from Pentos were from Malta.[20] The Doune Castle in Scotland was originally used to recreate Winterfell, and its great hall was used for some interior shots. Some scenes survived, but as it was not practical to return to Scotland for the reshoot, an exact replica of Doune's Great Hall was recreated in the soundstage in Belfast for the series. Castle Ward in Northern Ireland was used in the reshoot to film King Robert's entourage entry into Winterfell castle.[21] A car park stood in for the Winterfell castle's courtyard and a wine cellar for the Stark family crypt.[22] The Tollymore Forest Park was used for the opening scene of the encounter with the White Walkers.[23]
All the scenes shot in Morocco were reshot in Malta.[18] The original pilot reused the sets of Kingdom of Heaven in Morocco to stand in for Pentos and the site of Drogo and Daenerys's wedding.[24] In Malta, the Verdala Palace, the 16th century summer palace of the president of Malta, was used for the exterior scenes at Illyrio's mansion. The Azure Window was used as the backdrop for the wedding.[25] Filming at the Azure Window, however, caused some controversy when a protected ecosystem was damaged by a subcontractor.[26]
In the sex scene, the then-pregnant Lena Headey was substituted by a body double; the production hid her pregnancy for the rest of the season.[27] In the scene in which the Starks encounter a stag killed by a dire wolf as they return from the execution, an actual animal was used rather than a prop. As the stag had been dead for two days, it stank so much that the actors had to take much care not to let it show on their faces.[28] Some scenes filmed were never aired, for example a flashback to the death of Eddard Stark's brother, and the death of Jon Arryn.[29]
Original pilot[edit]
The original pilot from 2009 was poorly received in a private viewing with friends, one of whom, Craig Mazin, said to Benioff and Weiss, "You guys have a massive problem", and said "change everything" when asked for ideas.[30] It was so disliked that Kit Harington joked that when he annoys Benioff and Weiss, they threaten to release the episode on YouTube.[31] Weiss said of the viewing: "Watching them watch the pilot was a deeply humiliating, painful experience, because these are very smart individuals, and it just clearly wasn’t working for any of them on a very basic level."[32][33] For example, it was never established that the two major characters, Jaime and Cersei Lannister were in fact brother and sister, a major plot point.[33]
HBO did not make a decision for four months after the pilot was delivered.[33] In March 2010, HBO's decision to greenlight the series including the pilot was announced,[34] with the production of the series scheduled to start June 2010.[35] HBO however demanded extensive reshoot of the pilot, and wanted all the scenes from Morocco scrapped.[18] A cameo appearance by George RR Martin as a Pentoshi nobleman at Daenerys's wedding filmed in Morocco was therefore also cut.[36] In all 90 percent of the pilot was re-shot in 2010, with some cast changes and a different director.[32]
Aired episode[edit]
The original pilot remained unaired, although some footage from the original pilot was used in the first aired episode.[37] This includes Sansa's scenes with Catelyn (Michelle Fairley's footage as Catelyn was inserted over Jennifer Ehle's performance),[32] Will's ride through the woods (retained though also portrayed by a different actor), most of the feast at Winterfell, and Ned and Robert's scene in the crypt. That scene is one of a few to be filmed on 35 mm film, and consequently slight film grain can be seen in the HD version of the episode.[28]
Reception[edit]
Preview[edit]
On April 3, 2011, two weeks before the series premiere aired, the first 15 minutes of "Winter Is Coming" were released as a preview on HBO's website.[38] Wired's Dave Banks called the preview "much better than anticipated. (How's that even possible?)"[39] Scott Stinson of Toronto's National Post noted that "you know you aren’t watching a network drama when there have been two beheadings in the first 15 minutes."[40]
Ratings[edit]
The first episode of Game of Thrones obtained 2.2 million viewers in its premiere airing, with an additional 2 million viewers in the reruns aired during the same night. The day after the premiere HBO aired the episode six additional times, adding another 1.2 million to the viewer's figures.[41] Reruns aired during the following week upped the total viewership to 6.8 million.[42]
International[edit]
The show premiered on HBO Canada at the same time as its U.S. premiere.[40] On April 18, 2011, the show premiered in United Kingdom and Ireland through Sky Atlantic, gathering 750,000 viewers, a ratings record for the network.[41] The series was broadcast throughout Latin America beginning on May 8, 2011.[43][44] New Zealand's Dominion Post noted in an article on copyright laws that the popular series was downloaded via file sharing service regularly before its release to that market.[45] In Australia, the July 17 premiere of the series was largely overshadowed by the release of A Dance with Dragons, but according to The Sydney Morning Herald was successful "especially with women, who aren't seen as a target market for sword-fighting sagas".[46]
Critical response[edit]
The critical response to the first episode of the series was positive. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes surveyed 10 reviews of the episode and judged 100% of them to be positive with an average score of 8.5 out of 10. The website's critical consensus reads, "'Winter is Coming' is an introduction to a wonderfully bleak journey that honors its source material with stellar execution and an impressive cast."[47] James Poniewozik from Time considered it an "epic win",[48] and Jace Lacob from The Daily Beast deemed it "unforgettable".[49] HitFix's Alan Sepinwall wrote that while it was too early to say if Game of Thrones belonged to the HBO pantheon with shows like The Sopranos or The Wire, it had many things in common with those shows.[50] IGN's Matt Fowler wrote that the pilot "effortlessly takes us along, faithfully, through the book, but it also manages to capture the majestically morbid spirit of Martin's pages and turn them into thrilling television".[51]
Much praise was given to the production values and the acting: Scott Meslow from The Atlantic states that "the show's immense cast is almost universally strong, and the fantasy land of Westeros feels lived-in, and looks terrific".[52] Alan Sepinwall also qualifies the casting as "really exceptional", and states that the show is "feast for the eyes", with all the different locations having their own memorable looks.[50] The opening sequence, with an aerial view of the world where the series takes place with the different settings emerging from it, was also acclaimed.[50][52]
On April 19, less than two days after the initial airing, HBO announced that the series had been renewed for a second season.[53] In a press teleconference, HBO executives announced their satisfaction with initial ratings, which they compared favorably to True Blood.[54]
Accolades[edit]
Tim Van Patten received a 2011 Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series, and the episode was also nominated for Outstanding Makeup for a Single-Camera Series (Non-Prosthetic).[55]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Nominee(s)
Result
2011 Portal Award Best Episode Won
63rd Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Directing for a Drama Series Tim Van Patten Nominated
63rd Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards Outstanding Makeup for a Single-Camera Series (Non-Prosthetic) Paul Engelen and Melissa Lackersteen Nominated
2012 Golden Reel Awards Best Sound Editing — Short Form Sound Effects and Foley in Television Won
64th Directors Guild of America Awards Dramatic Series Tim Van Patten Nominated
Visual Effects Society Outstanding Supporting Visual Effects in a Broadcast Program Lucy Ainsworth-Taylor, Angela Barson, Ed Bruce and Adam McInnes Won
References[edit]
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External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Winter is Coming
"Winter Is Coming" at HBO
"Winter Is Coming" on IMDb
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Game of Thrones episodes
Seasons: 1
2
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Season 1
"Winter Is Coming"
"The Kingsroad"
"Lord Snow"
"Cripples, Bastards, and Broken Things"
"The Wolf and the Lion"
"A Golden Crown"
"You Win or You Die"
"The Pointy End"
"Baelor"
"Fire and Blood"
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SEP-IRA
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A Simplified Employee Pension Individual Retirement Arrangement (SEP IRA) is a variation of the Individual Retirement Account used in the United States. SEP IRAs are adopted by business owners to provide retirement benefits for themselves and their employees.[1] There are no significant administration costs for self-employed person with no employees. If the self-employed person does have employees, all employees must receive the same benefits under a SEP plan. Since SEP IRAs are a type of IRA, funds can be invested the same way as most other IRAs.
The deadline for establishing the plan and making contributions is the filing deadline for the employer's tax return, including extensions.
The most strict conditions employers may place on employee eligibility are as follows. The employee must be included if they:
attained age 21
have worked for the employer in three of the previous five years
have received at least $600 in compensation for the tax year (2015)
Employers may use less restrictive criteria.[2]
SEP-IRA funds are taxed at ordinary income tax rates when qualified withdrawals are taken after age 59 1/2 (as for traditional IRAs). Contributions to a SEP plan are deductible, lowering a taxpayer's income tax liability in the contribution year.
Contents
[hide]
1 Contribution limits
1.1 Self-employed
1.1.1 FICA tax
1.1.2 Reduced rate
1.1.3 Overall
2 Withdrawal Rules
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Contribution limits[edit]
SEP-IRA contributions are treated as part of a profit-sharing plan. For employees, the employer may contribute up to 25% of the employee's wages to the employee's SEP-IRA account. For example, if an employee earns $40,000 in wages, the employer could contribute up to $10,000 to the SEP-IRA account.
The total contribution to a SEP-IRA account should not exceed the lesser of 25% of income (20% for self-employed before self-employed tax deduction is included);(see below) or $42,000 (for 2005), $44,000 (2006), $45,000 (2007), $46,000 (2008), $49,000 (2009-2011), $50,000 (2012), $51,000 (2013), $52,000 (2014), $53,000 (2015 & 2016), and $54,000 (2017). For 2010 and 2011, the compensation used in the calculation was capped at $245,000 (e.g., an employer making a 10% contribution cannot contribute more than $24,500 for any employee).[3]
Self-employed[edit]
The contribution limit for self-employed persons is more complicated; barring limits, it is 18.587045% (approximately 18.6%) of net profit. The computation is in IRS Pub 560, section 5, Table and Worksheets for the Self-Employed, specifically Deduction Worksheet for Self-Employed.[3]
Two complications are:
Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA)
Reduced rate
FICA tax[edit]
SEP contribution limits are computed not from net profit but from net profit adjusted for the deduction for self-employment tax (2006 Form 1040, line 27, from Schedule SE, Section A, line 6, or Section B, line 13). Barring limits, this is half the 15.3% FICA tax, levied on net earnings, which is 92.35% of net profit. Therefore, adjusted net profit (net profit minus deduction for self-employment tax) is 92.935225% of net profit, which is close to but slightly more than net earnings.[3]
Reduced rate[edit]
The limit of 25% applies to wages, not (adjusted) net profit. In the above example, where an employee earns $40,000 and the employer contributes 25% of that, $10,000, the employee has received $50,000 total, of which 20% goes to the SEP-IRA.
When a business is a sole proprietorship, the employee/owner both pays themselves wages and may also make a SEP contribution, which is limited to 25% of wages, namely, profits minus SEP contribution. For a particular contribution rate CR, the reduced rate is CR/(1+CR); for a 25% contribution rate, this yields a 20% reduced rate, as in the above.[3]
Overall[edit]
Thus the overall contribution limit (barring limits) is 20% of 92.9% (that is, 18.6%) of net profit.
For example, if a sole proprietor has $50,000 net profit from self-employment on Schedule C, then the "1/2 of self-employment tax credit", $3,532, shown on adjustments to income at the bottom of form 1040, will be deducted from the net profit. The result is then multiplied by 20% to arrive at the maximum SEP deduction, $9,293.[3]
Withdrawal Rules[edit]
SEP contributions and earnings are held in SEP-IRAs and can be withdrawn at any time, subject to the general limitations imposed on Traditional IRA. A withdrawal is taxable in the year received. If a participant makes a withdrawal before age 59½, generally a 10% additional tax applies. SEP contributions and earnings may be rolled over tax-free to other Individual retirement account and retirement plans.[4]
SEP contributions and earnings must eventually be distributed following the IRA required IRA Required Minimum Distributions.
See also[edit]
401(k)
457 plan
Roth IRA
SIMPLE IRA
Solo 401(k)
Traditional IRA
Form 1099-R
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "What is a SEP IRA?". money.cnn.com. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
Jump up ^ "SEP Plan FAQs - Participation Requirements". irs.gov. Internal Revenue Service. 2016-02-19. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "IRS Pub 560 (Retirement Plans for Small Business - SEP, SIMPLE, and Qualified Plans)" (PDF). irs.gov.
Jump up ^ "Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) IRA". SelfDirected.org. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
External links[edit]
IRS Pub 590 (Individual Retirement Arrangements)
IRS Form 5305 (SEP Agreement)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SEP-IRA&oldid=794853690"
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Individual Retirement Accounts
Retirement plans in the United States
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I'm Not in Love
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"I'm Not in Love"
Single by 10cc
from the album The Original Soundtrack
B-side
"Good News"
"Channel Swimmer" US and Canada only
Released
May 1975
Format
7" vinyl
Recorded
1974–1975
Genre
Soft rock[1][2]
Length
6:04
3:42 (US and Canada only)
Label
Mercury
Songwriter(s)
Eric Stewart
Graham Gouldman
10cc singles chronology
"Life Is a Minestrone"
(1975) "I'm Not in Love"
(1975) "Art for Art's Sake"
(1975)
"Life Is a Minestrone"
(1975) "I'm Not in Love"
(1975) "Art for Art's Sake"
(1975)
"I'm Not in Love" is a song by English group 10cc, written by band members Eric Stewart and Graham Gouldman. It is notable for its innovative and distinctive backing track, composed mostly of the band's multitracked vocals. Released in the UK in May 1975 as the second single from the band's third album The Original Soundtrack, it became the second of the group's three number-one singles in the UK between 1973 and 1978, topping the UK singles chart for two weeks. The song was also the band's breakthrough hit worldwide, reaching number one in Ireland and Canada and number two on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US, as well as reaching the top 10 in Australia, New Zealand and several European countries.
Written mostly by Stewart as a riposte to his wife's declaration that he did not tell her often enough that he loved her, "I'm Not in Love" was originally conceived as a bossa nova song played on guitars, but the other two members of the band, Kevin Godley and Lol Creme, disliked the track and it was abandoned. However, after hearing members of their staff continue to sing the melody around their studio, Stewart persuaded the group to give the song another chance, to which Godley replied that for the song to work it needed to be radically changed, and suggested that the band should try and create a new version using just voices.
"I'm Not in Love" has enjoyed lasting popularity, with over three million plays on US radio since its release, and it won three Ivor Novello Awards in 1976 for Best Pop Song, International Hit of the Year, and Most Performed British Work.[3][4] It has appeared in the films The Virgin Suicides, Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason, Indecent Proposal, Cherish, Whatever, Hunky Dory, Jappeloup, The Stud, Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo, He's Just Not That Into You, and Guardians of the Galaxy,[5] as well as the video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories and the television shows Goodnight Sweetheart, That '70s Show, The Office, Veronica Mars, Big Love, Medium, Cuentame, The Syndicate, Bull, EastEnders, and Skam.[6] The song has been covered by numerous artists, most notably by Dee Dee Sharp in 1976, which revived her career, and the American band Will to Power, whose version reached the US and Canadian top ten in 1991.
Contents
[hide]
1 Writing and composition
2 Recording
3 Release and promotion
4 Personnel
5 Chart performance
5.1 Weekly charts
5.2 Year-end charts
6 Will to Power version
6.1 Track listing
6.2 Charts
6.2.1 Weekly charts
6.2.2 Year-end charts
7 Deni Hines version
7.1 Track listing
8 Olive version
9 Other cover versions
10 References
11 External links
Writing and composition[edit]
Stewart came up with the idea for the song after his wife, to whom he had been married for eight years at that point, asked him why he didn't say "I love you" more often to her. Stewart said, "I had this crazy idea in my mind that repeating those words would somehow degrade the meaning, so I told her, 'Well, if I say every day "I love you, darling, I love you, blah, blah, blah", it's not gonna mean anything eventually'. That statement led me to try to figure out another way of saying it, and the result was that I chose to say 'I'm not in love with you', while subtly giving all the reasons throughout the song why I could never let go of this relationship."
Stewart wrote most of the melody and the lyrics on the guitar before taking it to the studio, where Gouldman offered to help him complete the song. Gouldman suggested some different chords for the melody, and also came up with the intro and the bridge section of the song. Stewart said that the pair spent two or three days writing the song, which at that point had a bossa nova rhythm and used principally guitars, before playing it to Godley and Creme. Stewart recorded a version with the other three members playing the song in the studio on traditional instruments – Creme on guitar, Gouldman on bass and Godley on drums – but Godley and Creme disliked the song, particularly Godley, as Stewart later recalled: "He said, 'It's crap', and I said, 'Oh right, OK, have you got anything constructive to add to that? Can you suggest anything?' He said, 'No. It's not working, man. It's just crap, right? Chuck it.' And we did. We threw it away and we even erased it, so there's no tape of that bossa nova version."[7]
Having abandoned "I'm Not in Love", Stewart and Gouldman turned their attention to the track "Une Nuit A Paris", which Godley and Creme had been working on and which would later become the opening track on The Original Soundtrack album. However, Stewart noticed that members of staff in the band's Strawberry Studios were still singing the melody of "I'm Not in Love", and this convinced him to ask the other members of the group to consider reviving the song. Godley was still sceptical, but came up with a radical idea, telling Stewart, "I tell you what, the only way that song is gonna work is if we totally fuck it up and we do it like nobody has ever recorded a thing before. Let's not use instruments. Let's try to do it all with voices."[7] Although taken aback by the suggestion, Stewart and the others agreed to try Godley's idea and create "a wall of sound" of vocals that would form the focal point of the record.[3]
Recording[edit]
Stewart spent three weeks recording Gouldman, Godley and Creme singing "ahhh" 16 times for each note of the chromatic scale, building up a "choir" of 48 voices for each note of the scale. The main problem facing the band was how to keep the vocal notes going for an infinite length of time, but Creme suggested that they could get around this issue by using tape loops. Stewart created loops of about 12 feet in length by feeding the loop at one end though the tape heads of the stereo recorder in the studio, and at the other end through a capstan roller fixed to the top of a microphone stand, and tensioned the tape. By creating long loops the 'blip' caused by the splice in each tape loop could be drowned out by the rest of the backing track, providing that the blips in each loop did not coincide with each other. Having created twelve tape loops for each of the 12 notes of the chromatic scale, Stewart played each loop through a separate channel of the mixing desk. This effectively turned the mixing desk into a musical instrument complete with all the notes of the chromatic scale, which the four members together then "played", fading up three or four channels at a time to create "chords" for the song's melody. Stewart had put gaffer's tape across the bottom of each channel, which meant it was impossible to completely fade down the tracks for each note; this resulted in the constant background hiss of vocals heard throughout the song.[3] Composer and music theory professor Thomas MacFarlane considered the resulting "ethereal voices" with distorted synthesized effects that are an example of early synclavier music to be a major influence on Billy Joel's hit ballad "Just the Way You Are", released two years later.[8]
A basic guide track was recorded first in order to help create the melody using the vocals, but the proper instrumentation was added after the vocals had been recorded. In keeping with Godley's idea to focus on the voices, only a few instruments were used: a Fender Rhodes electric piano played by Stewart, a Gibson 335 electric guitar played by Gouldman for the rhythm melody, and a bass drum sound played by Godley on a Moog synthesizer which Creme had recently purchased and learnt how to program. The drum sound that was created was very soft and more akin to a heartbeat, in order not to overpower the rest of the track. Creme played piano during the bridge and the middle eight, where it replicated the melody of lyrics that had been discarded. The middle eight is also the only part of the song that contains a bass guitar line, played by Gouldman. A toy music box was recorded and double tracked out of phase for the middle eight and the outro.[3]
Once the musical backing had been completed Stewart recorded the lead vocal and Godley and Creme the backing vocals, but even though the song was finished Godley felt it was still lacking something. Stewart said, "Lol remembered he had said something into the grand piano mics when he was laying down the solos. He'd said 'Be quiet, big boys don't cry' — heaven knows why, but I soloed it and we all agreed that the idea sounded very interesting if we could just find the right voice to speak the words. Just at that point the door to the control room opened and our secretary Kathy [Redfern] looked in and whispered 'Eric, sorry to bother you. There's a telephone call for you.' Lol jumped up and said 'That's the voice, her voice is perfect!'."[7] The group agreed that Redfern was the ideal person, but Redfern was unconvinced and had to be coaxed into recording her vocal contribution, using the same whispered voice that she had used when entering the control room. These whispered lyrics would later serve as the inspiration for the name of the 1980s band Boys Don't Cry.[9]
Release and promotion[edit]
According to Stewart, at the time of recording The Original Soundtrack the band was already being courted by Mercury Records (part of the Phonogram group) to leave Jonathan King's small UK Records label, where they were struggling financially. He said: "I rang them. I said come and have a listen to what we've done, come and have a listen to this track. And they came up and they freaked, and they said, 'This is a masterpiece. How much money, what do you want? What sort of a contract do you want? We'll do anything.' On the strength of that one song, we did a five-year deal with them for five albums and they paid us a serious amount of money."[10] Despite impressing their new label with the track, Phonogram felt that it was not suitable for release as a single due to its length, and released "Life Is a Minestrone" as the first single from The Original Soundtrack instead. However, many influential figures in the music industry were demanding that "I'm Not in Love" be released as a single, and Mercury eventually bowed to the pressure and released it as the second single from the album. The band were forced to edit the track down to four minutes for radio play, but once it charted, pressure from the public and the media caused the radio stations to revert to playing the full version.[7]
Released in May 1975, "I'm Not in Love" became the band's second number-one single and stayed at the top of the UK singles chart for two weeks from 28 June. In the US, the record peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 for three weeks, deprived of the top spot by a different number-one song each week (Van McCoy's "The Hustle", The Eagles' "One of These Nights", and the Bee Gees' "Jive Talkin'"). In the UK the single was released in its full length version of over six minutes, while in the US and Canada it was released in an edited 3:42 version, and with a different B-side.
Personnel[edit]
Eric Stewart – lead vocals, electric piano
Graham Gouldman – electric guitar, bass, backing vocals
Kevin Godley – moog synthesizer, backing vocals
Lol Creme – piano, backup vocals
Kathy Redfern - additional vocals
Lol Creme, Kevin Godley, Graham Gouldman, Eric Stewart — Synclavier (control desk), musical effects
Chart performance[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1975)
Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[11] 3
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[12] 5
Canada (RPM) Top Singles[13] 1
Canada (RPM) Adult Contemporary[14] 4
Germany (Official German Charts)[15] 8
Ireland (IRMA)[16] 1
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[17] 5
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[18] 4
Norway (VG-lista)[19] 6
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[20] 8
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[21] 1
US Billboard Hot 100[22] 2
US Cash Box Top 100[23] 3
US Billboard Adult Contemporary[24] 10
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1975)
Rank
Australia (Kent Music Report)[25] 34
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[26] 6
New Zealand[27] 30
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[28] 11
US Billboard Hot 100[29] 43
US Cash Box Top 100[30] 24
Preceded by
"Whispering Grass" by Windsor Davies and Don Estelle UK number-one single
28 June 1975 (2 weeks) Succeeded by
"Tears on My Pillow" by Johnny Nash
Will to Power version[edit]
"I'm Not in Love"
Single by Will To Power
from the album Journey Home
B-side
"Fly Bird", "It's My Life"
Released
29 June 1990
Format
12", CD
Recorded
1989
Genre
Pop
Length
3:48
Label
Epic Records
Songwriter(s)
Eric Stewart
Graham Gouldman
Will To Power recorded the song for their album Journey Home, releasing as the first single from the album in 1990. It was the band's last top ten hit, reaching number 7 on the pop charts in both the US and Canada.
Track listing[edit]
No.
Title
Length
1. "I'm Not in Love" 3:48
2. "Fly Bird" (Reprise) 3:46
3. "It's My Life" 5:23
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1990–91)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[31] 38
Canada RPM Top Singles[32] 7
Canada RPM Adult Contemporary[33] 3
Germany (Official German Charts)[34] 48
Ireland (IRMA)[35] 27
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[36] 15
Norway (VG-lista)[37] 8
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[38] 29
US Billboard Hot 100[39] 7
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[40] 4
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1991)
Position
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[41] 54
Deni Hines version[edit]
"I'm Not in Love"
Single by Deni Hines
from the album Imagination
Released
1996
Format
CD single
Length
6:02
Label
Festival Mushroom Records
Songwriter(s)
Eric Stewart
Graham Gouldman
Producer(s)
Ian Green
Deni Hines singles chronology
"I Like the Way"
(1996) "I'm Not in Love"
(1996) "Joy"
(1997)
"I Like the Way"
(1996) "I'm Not In Love"
(1996) "Joy"
(1997)
In 1996, the Australian singer songwriter Deni Hines released "I'm Not in Love" as the fourth single from her debut album Imagination (1996). At the ARIA Music Awards of 1997, "I'm Not in Love" was nominated for two awards - ARIA Award for Best Female Artist losing to "Mary" by Monique Brumby and ARIA Award for Best Pop Release losing to "To the Moon and Back" by Savage Garden.[42]
Track listing[edit]
"I'm Not in Love"
"It's Alright" (quiet summertime version)
"Joy" (full testament mix)
"It's Alright" (summertime remix)
Olive version[edit]
"I'm Not in Love"
Single by Olive
from the album Trickle
Released
27 June 2000
Format
12", CD
Recorded
1999
Genre
Trip hop
Length
4:39
Label
Maverick
Songwriter(s)
Eric Stewart
Graham Gouldman
Olive singles chronology
"Outlaw"
(1997) "I'm Not in Love"
(2000) "Tell Me"
(2003)
"Outlaw"
(1997) "I'm Not in Love"
(2000) "Tell Me"
(2003)
Following their debut album, the English trip hop band Olive recorded a cover of the song. At the cusp of their new record contract with Maverick Records at the time, the band debuted the song on the label's soundtrack for the Madonna film The Next Best Thing before releasing it as the debut single from their second album, Trickle.
Fronted by the lone vocals of singer Ruth-Ann Boyle, the song simulated the backing tracks of the original; the most audible modification made to the song is a percussion track in the style of drum and bass, turning the song into an upbeat dance track.
Accompanied by dance-oriented remixes on the single release, the song gained sufficient nightclub play to reach number one on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart (on the week of 1 July 2000),[43] as well as airplay on dance-hits format radio.[44]
Other cover versions[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
"I'm Not in Love" has been recorded by Petula Clark, Hervé Vilard (French and Spanish versions in 1975), Richie Havens, Dee Dee Sharp-Gamble, Amy Grant, Grandaddy, Stanley Turrentine, Chris Standring, Johnny Logan, Richard Clayderman, Krisma, Undercover, George Monroe, with a more danceable cover version, in 1989, Deborah Blando – whose version in Portuguese, "Somente O Sol (Only the Sun)", was a big hit in Brazil thanks to its inclusion on the soundtrack of the soap opera Corpo Dourado (Golden Body).
Other versions have been recorded by Julia Fordham, The Pretenders, Mike Francis, Brotherhood of Man, Red Red Meat, John O'Banion, Outrageous Cherry, Chyp-Notic, Fun Lovin' Criminals, Päivi Kautto-Niemi, The BB Band, Geb.el, Gloritone, Tori Amos, Unfinished Thought, Donny Osmond, Rick Springfield, Queen Latifah, Joey Kid from the group Trilogy, Tex Perkins & His Ladyboyz, Rozz Williams (Accept the Gift of Sin), Juice, F. R. David, Peggy Lee[45] and Japanese singer Ryohei. Former Supreme Scherrie Payne had a club hit with her version of the song in 1982 on Megatone Records.
A version of the song, arranged by Ann Odell and performed by the London Symphony Orchestra, was recorded for the 1976 album Classic Rock.
In 1992, saxophonist Richard Elliot performed a cover for his album Soul Embrace.[46]
British scouse house band Ultrabeat recorded a dance version of the song in 2006 with All Around the World records. The song is taken from their debut album called Ultrabeat - The Album and it appeared on Clubland 10 as "I'm Not in Love 2006".[citation needed]
Alternative rock band Lazlo Bane released the song on their 70's cover album Guilty Pleasures in 2007 and also released a music video for the song.[47]
In 2009, Hong Kong singer Susan Wong included a cover of the song on her smooth jazz / bossa nova album 511.
In 2010, Rock Sugar made a remix-cover of this song and Judas Priest's "Breaking the Law" called "Breaking the Love" on their album Reimaginator. Also in 2010, Brazilian singer and actress Marisa Orth recorded it for her debut album Romance Volume II.
In 2015 Canadian jazz singer-songwriter and pianist Diana Krall covered the song for her 12th studio album, Wallflower.
In 2016 Mark Kozelek covered the song on his album Mark Kozelek Sings Favorites.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Pelly, Jenn (16 August 2013). "Watch: Twin Shadow Covers 10cc's "I'm Not In Love"". Pitchfork Media. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
Jump up ^ "VH1's 40 Most Softsational Soft-Rock Songs". Stereogum. SpinMedia. May 31, 2007. Retrieved July 31, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Presenters: Richard Allinson and Steve Levine (9 May 2009). "The Record Producers – 10cc". The Record Producers. Season 3. Episode 4. BBC. BBC Radio 2.
Jump up ^ "1976". The Ivors. 1976-05-11. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
Jump up ^ "Soundtrack - Guardians of the Galaxy: Awesome Mix Vol.1". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
Jump up ^ Skam, 2015-09-25, retrieved 2016-11-11
^ Jump up to: a b c d Buskin, Richard (June 2005). "Classic Tracks: 10cc – 'I'm Not in Love'". Sound on Sound. Cambridge, England: SOS Publications: 62–69. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
Jump up ^ MacFarlane, Thomas (16 October 2016). Experiencing Billy Joel: A Listener's Companion. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 59–60. ISBN 978-1-4422-5769-6.
Jump up ^ Popson, Tom (August 15, 1986). "Boys Don't Cry Hit Trail, Counter 'Cowboy' Image". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "I Write The Songs". The10ccfanclub.com. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book. p. 307. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – 10cc – I'm Not in Love" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
Jump up ^ "Top Singles" (PHP). RPM. 23 (26). 23 August 1975. Retrieved 21 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Top Singles" (PHP). RPM. 23 (26). 23 August 1975. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – 10cc Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – I'm Not in Love". Irish Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – 10cc – I'm Not in Love" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – 10cc – I'm Not in Love". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – 10cc – I'm Not in Love". VG-lista.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – 10cc – I'm Not in Love". Swiss Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
Jump up ^ "10cc Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ Hoffman, Frank (1983). The Cash Box Singles Charts, 1950-1981. Scarecrow Press. p. 592. ISBN 0-8108-1595-8.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (1993). Top Adult Contemporary: 1961–1993. Record Research. p. 238.
Jump up ^ Kent (1993). p. 427.
Jump up ^ Lyttle, Brendan (27 December 1975). "1975 Wrap Up – Top 200 singles of 1975 as compiled from RPM charts". RPM. 24 (14). Retrieved 21 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Top Selling Singles of 1975 | The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Nztop40.co.nz. 1975-12-31. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
Jump up ^ "1975 Best Sellers: Singles". Record Mirror and Disc. London, England: Spotlight Publications. 10 January 1976. p. 12.
Jump up ^ "Pop Singles". Billboard ("Talent in Action" supplement). 27 December 1975. p. 8.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 October 2014. Retrieved 2015-01-17.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Will to Power – I'm Not in Love". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Item Display – RPM – Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
Jump up ^ "Item Display – RPM – Library and Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 27 March 2014.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – Will to Power Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – I'm Not in Love". Irish Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Will to Power – I'm Not in Love". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Will to Power – I'm Not in Love". VG-lista.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
Jump up ^ "Will to Power Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Will to Power Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "RPM 100 Hit Tracks of 1991". RPM. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Awards – History: Winners by Year 1997". Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Archived from the original on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 21 March 2012.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Hot Dance/Disco: 1974–2003. Record Research. p. 193.
Jump up ^ Ball, Joann D. "Olive, Trickle". Consumable Online. Archived from the original on 31 May 2001. Retrieved 29 August 2006.
Jump up ^ "Fever (Spectrum) overview". Allmusic.com.
Jump up ^ "Soul Embrace overview". Allmusic.com.
Jump up ^ Lazlo Bane Music Video
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[show]
v
t
e
10cc
Graham Gouldman
Paul Burgess
Rick Fenn
Mike Stevens
Mick Wilson
Eric Stewart
Lol Creme
Kevin Godley
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Tony O'Malley
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Vic Emerson
Jamie Lane
Steve Piggot
Gary Wallis
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Alan Park
Studio albums
10cc
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How Dare You!
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Look Hear?
Ten Out of 10
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…Meanwhile
Mirror Mirror
Live albums
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The Best of 10cc Live
Compilations
100cc
Greatest Hits 1972-1978
Changing Faces - The Very Best of 10cc and Godley & Creme
The Very Best of 10cc
Strawberry Bubblegum: A Collection of Pre-10CC Strawberry Studio Recordings 1969–1972
Greatest Hits ... And More
Box sets
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Tenology
Singles
"Donna"
"Johnny Don't Do It"
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"The Dean and I"
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"The Worst Band in the World"
"The Wall Street Shuffle"
"Silly Love"
"I'm Not in Love"
"Life Is a Minestrone"
"Art for Art's Sake"
"I'm Mandy Fly Me
"The Things We Do for Love"
"Good Morning Judge"
"People in Love"
"Dreadlock Holiday"
"Reds in My Bed"
"For You and I"
"One Two Five"
"It Doesn't Matter at All"
"Les Nouveaux Riches"
"Don't Turn Me Away"
"The Power of Love"
"Run Away"
"Memories"
"We've Heard It All Before"
"24 Hours"
"Feel the Love"
"Food for Thought"
"Woman in Love"
"Welcome to Paradise"
"I'm Not in Love (Acoustic Session '95)"
Related articles
Discography
The Magic Lanterns
The Mindbenders
Doctor Father
Hotlegs
Godley & Creme
Wax
[show]
v
t
e
Will to Power
Studio albums
Will to Power (1988)
Journey Home (1990)
Compilation albums
Love Power (1996)
Singles
"Dreamin'"
"Say It's Gonna Rain"
"Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley"
"Fading Away"
"I'm Not in Love"
"Boogie Nights"
Related
Discography
[show]
v
t
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Deni Hines
Studio albums
Imagination (1996)
Water for Chocolate (2006)
The Other Woman (2007)
The Soul Sessions (2014)
Remix and compilation albums
Remix Your Imagination (1997)
A Delicious Collection/The Definitive Collection (2002)/(2004)
Singles
"It's Alright"
"Imagination"
"I Like the Way"
"I'm Not in Love"
"Pull Up to the Bumper"
"Son of a Preacher Man"
"I Only Have Eyes for You"
"Takin' It to the Streets"
"Love Is in Control (Finger on the Trigger)"
Featured singles
"Ain't No Sunshine"
"That Word (L.O.V.E.)"
"It's Not Over
"Stomp!"
Related articles
Rockmelons
Marcia Hines
Kirk Pengilly
Ben Steel
Mushroom Records
Mao's Last Dancer (film)
"Not Enough Time" (INXS song)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%27m_Not_in_Love&oldid=817971168"
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