text:
List of Barbados hurricanes
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This is a list of hurricanes in Barbados.
Contents
[hide]
1 1950–58
2 1960–69
3 1970–79
4 1980–88
5 1990–95
6 2000–07
7 2010–present
8 References
1950–58[edit]
September 2, 1951: Hurricane Hosa passes 60 miles to the north.
October 5, 1954: Hurricane Hazel passes 45 miles to the south.
September 22, 1955: Hurricane Janet passes miles to the south-east as a Category 2 hurricane.
August 30, 1958: Hurricane Ella passes 50 miles to the north.
1960–69[edit]
July 10, 1960: Hurricane Abby makes landfall.
September 25, 1963: Hurricane Edith passes 30 miles to the north as a Category 2 hurricane.
August 28, 1965: Hurricane Betsy passes 40 miles to the north-east.
September 29, 1966: Tropical Storm Judith passes 20 miles to the north.
All these hurricanes passed within 65 miles of the island's center.
September 6, 1967: Hurricane Beulah passes 25 miles to the north.
September 25, 1968: Unnamed storm, 1968 passes 20 miles to the south.
July 26, 1969: Unnamed Storm, 1969 makes landfall.
1970–79[edit]
October 1, 1970: Unnamed Storm, 1970 passes 25 miles to the north.
August 20, 1970: Tropical Storm Dorothy passes 45 miles to the north.
September 13, 1971: Hurricane Irene-Olivia passes 50 miles to the south.
August 19, 1971: Tropical Storm Chloe passes 40 miles to the north.
October 2, 1974: Hurricane Gertrude passes 55 miles to the south.
October 7, 1976: Unnamed Storm, 1976 passes 60 miles to the north-west.
August 8, 1978: Unnamed storm, 1978 makes landfall.
August 29, 1979: Hurricane David passes 75 miles to the north-east.
June 23, 1979: Tropical Storm Ana passes 60 miles to the north.
1980–88[edit]
August 4, 1980: Hurricane Allen makes landfall as a major Category 3 hurricane. It causes $6 million in damage. 129 mile per hour winds battered the island. Over 500 homes were destroyed. Amazingly, no deaths were reported.
July 23, 1983: Unnamed Storm, 1983 passes 15 miles to the north.
July 25, 1984: Unnamed Storm, 1984 passes 50 miles to the north.
September 8, 1986: Tropical Storm Danielle passes 65 miles to the south.
Septer 21, 1987 Hurricane Emily passes 50 miles to the south.
September 9, 1988 Hurricane Gilbert passes 75 miles to the north-east.
1990–95[edit]
August 14, 1993: Tropical Storm Cindy passes 60 miles to the north.
September 9, 1994: Tropical Storm Debby passes 20 miles to the north.
September 14, 1995: Hurricane Marilyn passes 50 miles to the north-east.
August 25, 1995 Hurricane Iris passes 70 miles to the north.
2000–07[edit]
October 4, 2001 Hurricane Iris passes 25 miles to the south.
October 7, 2001: Tropical Storm Jerry passes 30 miles to the south-west.
September 23, 2002: Hurricane Lili passes 45 miles to the south.
August 4, 2004: Tropical Storm Bonnie passes 20 miles to the north.
September 7, 2004: Hurricane Ivan passes to the south.
August 17, 2007: Hurricane Dean passes 65 miles to the north.
September 1, 2007: Hurricane Felix passes 70 miles to the south.
2010–present[edit]
Hurricane Tomas near Barbados on October 30
October 30, 2010 – Hurricane Tomas skirts the southern coast of Barbados as a strong tropical storm.[1] Upon striking the island and the rest of the Windward archipelago, Tomas becomes the latest hurricane on record in a calendar year to impact the region. At Grantley Adams International Airport, a wind gust of 105 mph (165 km/h) is documented. The same station measured 11.56 in (294 mm) of rain. The strong winds knock down power lines and damage homes; an estimated 1,200 residences sustain damage as a result of Tomas. Overall damage amounts to US$8.5 million, though no deaths are reported.[2]
August 3, 2012 – Hurricane Ernesto passes 35 mi (56 km) northwest of Barbados, though despite its proximity, brings generally minimal effects to the island.[3]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)". Hurricane Research Division (Database). Miami, FL: National Hurricane Center. April 11, 2017. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Pasch, Richard J.; Kimberlain, Todd B.; National Hurricane Center (March 7, 2011). Hurricane Tomas (PDF) (Preliminary Tropical Cyclone Report). Miami, Florida: United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Newsday Staff (August 4, 2012). "Ernesto spares Barbados". Trinidad and Tobago Newsday. Daily News Limited. Retrieved 18 August 2013.
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Gateway of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Not to be confused with India Gate.
Gateway of India
GATEWAY OF INDIA Bangalore
AN EVENING VIEW CAPTURED NEHA ITIYOGA
Location within Mumbai
Gateway of India (Maharashtra)
Gateway of India (India)
Show map of Mumbai Show map of Maharashtra Show map of India Show all
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
General information
Type
Triumphal arch
Architectural style
Indo-Saracenic
Location
Mumbai, Maharashtra
Coordinates
18°55′19″N 72°50′05″E / 18.9219°N 72.8346°E / 18.9219; 72.8346
Elevation
10 m (33 ft)
Construction started
31 March 1911
Completed
1924
Inaugurated
4 December 1924
Cost
₹ 2.1 million (1911)
Owner
Archaeological Survey of India
Height
26 m (85 ft)
Dimensions
Diameter
15 metres (49 feet)
Design and construction
Architect
George Wittet
Architecture firm
Gammon India[1]
Renovating team
Architect
George Wittet
The Gateway of India is an arch monument built during the 20th century in Bombay, India.[2] The monument was erected to commemorate the landing of King George V and Queen Mary at Apollo Bunder on their visit to India in 1911.
Built in Indo-Saracenic style, the foundation stone for the Gateway of India was laid on 31 March 1911. The structure is an arch made of basalt, 26 metres (85 feet) high. The final design of George Wittet was sanctioned in 1914 and the construction of the monument was completed in 1924. The Gateway was later used as a symbolic ceremonial entrance to India for Viceroys and the new Governors of Bombay.[3] It served to allow entry and access to India.[4]
The Gateway of India is located on the waterfront at Apollo Bunder area at the end of Chhatrapati Shivaji Marg in South Mumbai and overlooks the Arabian Sea.[5][6][7] The monument has also been referred to as the Taj Mahal of Mumbai,[8] and is the city's top tourist attraction.[9]
Contents
1 History
2 Architectural Layout
3 Design and architecture
4 Location and significance
5 Tourism
6 Events and incidents
7 Gallery
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
Gateway of India, Bombay, 1924
The inscription atop on the Gateway of India reads, "Erected to commemorate the landing in India of their Imperial Majesties King George V and Queen Mary on the Second of December MCMXI"
The Gateway of India was built to commemorate the visit of King George V and Queen Mary to Mumbai, prior to the Delhi Durbar in December 1911. However, they only got to see a cardboard model of the monument, since the construction did not begin till 1915.[citation needed] The foundation stone was laid on March 31, 1913 by the governor of Bombay, Sir George Sydenham Clarke with the final design of George Wittet sanctioned on March 31, 1914.
The land on which the Gateway was built on was previously a crude jetty, used by the fishing community which was later renovated and used as a landing place for British governors and other prominent people. In earlier times, it would have been the first structure that visitors arriving by boat in Mumbai would have seen.[10][11]
Between 1915 and 1919, work proceeded at Apollo Bundar (Port) to reclaim the land on which the gateway and the new sea wall would be built. The foundations were completed in 1920 and construction was finished in 1924.[12] The gateway was opened on December 4, 1924 by the Viceroy, the Earl of Reading.[10]
The last British troops to leave India following the country's independence, the First Battalion of the Somerset Light Infantry, passed through the Gateway on their way out in a ceremony on February 28, 1948, signalling the end of British rule.[10][13]
Architectural Layout[edit]
The structural design of the Gateway of India is constituted of a large arch, with a height of 26m. The monument is built in yellow basalt and indissoluble concrete. The structural plan of Gateway of India is designed in the Indo-Saracenic style. One can also find traces of Muslim architectural styles incorporated in the structure of the grandiose edifice. The central dome of the monument is about 48 feet in diameter, with a total height of 83 feet. Designed with intricate latticework, the 4 turrets are the prominent features of the entire structure of the Gateway of India. There are steps constructed behind the arch of the Gateway that leads to the Arabian Sea.
Design and architecture[edit]
The halls inside the Gateway of India
The Scottish architect George Wittet combined the elements of the Roman triumphal arch and the 16th-century architecture of Gujarat.[14] The monument's design is a combination of Hindu and Muslim architectural styles. The arch is of Muslim style while the decorations are of Hindu style.[15] The Gateway of India is built from yellow basalt and reinforced concrete.[16] The stone was locally obtained, and the perforated screens were brought from Gwalior.[17] The gateway faces out to Mumbai Harbour from the tip of Apollo Bunder.[18]
Internal View of the Dome
The central dome is 48 feet (15 metres) in diameter and 83 feet (25 metres) above the ground at its highest point.[19] The whole harbour front was realigned in order to come in line with a planned esplanade which would sweep down to the centre of the town. On each side of the arch, there are large halls with the capacity to hold 600 people.[16] The cost of the construction was ₹2 million (US$29,000), borne mainly by the Imperial Government of India. Due to a paucity of funds, the approach road was never built and so the gateway stands at an angle to the road leading up to it.[10][19]
Location and significance[edit]
The Gateway of India is considered as a "symbolic monument" that represents the city of Mumbai, India.
The Taj Mahal Hotel located opposite the Gateway of India
Located opposite the Taj Mahal Palace & Tower hotel,[20] For the British arriving to India, the gateway was a symbol of the "power and majesty" of the British empire.[5] Though built as a welcome to King George V for his visit of 1911, then an event of grand significance for British India and the British empire, today serves as a "monumental memento" of British colonial rule over India.[4]
The Monument of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in the vicinity of The Gateway
Opposite the gateway, stands the statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, the Maratha king who used guerilla warfare to establish the Maratha empire in the Sahyadri mountain range in the 17th century,[21] as a symbol of Maratha "pride and courage".[22] The statue was unveiled on 26 January 1961 on the occasion of India's Republic Day.[23][24]
Swami Vivekanda's Monument in the vicinity of The Gateway
The other statue in vicinity of the monument is that of Swami Vivekananda, made by an Indian sculptor, Sitaram S. Arte.[25]
There are five jetties located around the gateway monument.[26] The first jetty is exclusive to the Atomic Research Centre while the second and third are used for commercial ferry operations, the fourth one is closed and the fifth is exclusive to the Royal Bombay Yacht Club. The second and third jetties are the starting point for tours of Elephanta Caves, which is a 50-minute boat ride away by ferry.[20][27] Other routes from the Gateway include ferry rides to Alibaug and Mandwa. These ferries are said to carry passengers above their certified capacity due to their popularity.[28]
Tourism[edit]
The Gateway of India is a major tourist destination in Mumbai and a popular gathering spot for locals, street vendors and photographers.[18]
In 2012, Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation moved the "Elephanta Festival of music and dance" from its original location at Elephanta Caves (where it had been celebrated for 23 years) to the Gateway due to the increased capacity offered by the venue. The Gateway can host 2,000 to 2,500 people, whereas Elephanta Caves could host only 700 to 800 people.[29][30]
Events and incidents[edit]
The monument witnessed a terrorist attack on August 25, 2003, when a bomb blast left trails of blood in front of the Gateway. The taxi containing the bomb was parked outside the Taj Mahal Hotel, one of the city's oldest luxury hotels, where windows were shattered and cars damaged. The force of the explosion is reported to have thrown several people into the sea.[9]
A mentally disturbed man stabbed two young girls from Manipur at the Gateway of India on August 13, 2005.[31]
A woman gets groped on New Year Eve 2007 by a rowdy mob at the Gateway of India[32]
After the 2008 Mumbai attacks, there had been a proposal to close all the jetties and replace them with two newer ones to be built near the Bombay Presidency Radio Club.[33]
Following the 26/11 terror attack on the Taj Mahal Hotel, public access to the area around the Gateway was restricted.[34]
Gallery[edit]
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
See also[edit]
Sabhyata Dwar
List of tourist attractions in Mumbai
India Gate
Tourist attractions in Aurangabad, Maharashtra
Make In Maharashtra
Royal Bombay Yacht Club – the building directly opposite the Gateway to India
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Which company built the Gateway of India?". Rediff.com. 4 May 2007. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ National Portal Content Management Team. "National Portal of India, Monuments". National Informatics Centre (NIC). Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Chapman, Kenneth. Peace, War and Friendships. Roxana Chapman. p. 151. ISBN 978-0-9551881-0-7. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Simon, Sherry; St-Pierre, Paul (27 November 2000). Changing the Terms: Translating in the Postcolonial Era. University of Ottawa Press. p. 245. ISBN 978-0-7766-0524-1. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b William J. Duiker; Jackson J. Spielvogel (3 January 2006). World History: From 1500. Cengage Learning. p. 582. ISBN 978-0-495-05054-4. Archived from the original on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Jump up ^ DNA (24 April 2012). "Walk amid a wealth of heritage in Mumbai". DNA India. Mumbai. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012. Retrieved 24 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Holloway, James (29 November 1964). "Gateway of India; Colorful, Crowded Bombay Provides An Introduction to Subcontinent". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 8 April 2014. Retrieved 26 November 2012. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ Duncan Forbes (1968). The heart of India. Hale. p. 76. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "2003: Bombay rocked by twin car bombs". BBC. 25 August 2003. Archived from the original on 10 April 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Dwivedi, Sharada; Rahul Mehotra (1995). Bombay – The Cities Within. Mumbai: India Book House. ISBN 81-85028-80-X.
Jump up ^ Arnett, Robert (15 July 2006). India Unveiled. Atman Press. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-9652900-4-3. Archived from the original on 3 March 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Dwivedi, Sharada; Mehrotra, Rahul (1995). Bombay: the cities within. India Book House. ISBN 978-81-85028-80-4. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Bradnock, Robert; Bradnock, Roma; Ballard, Sebastian (1993). South Asian handbook. Trade & Travel. ISBN 978-0-8442-9980-8. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Shobhna Gupta (2003). Monuments of India. Har-Anand Publications. p. 111. ISBN 978-81-241-0926-7. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Sigh, Kirpal; Mathew, Annie. Middle School Social Sciences. Frank Brothers. p. 8. ISBN 978-81-8409-103-8. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Mis, Melody S. (1 August 2005). How to Draw India's Sights and Symbols. Rosen Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4042-2732-3. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Bajwa, Jagir Singh; Kaur, Ravinder (1 January 2007). Tourism Management. APH Publishing. p. 240. ISBN 978-81-313-0047-3. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Singh, Sarina (1 September 2009). Lonely Planet India. Lonely Planet. pp. 783–784. ISBN 978-1-74179-151-8. Archived from the original on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Kapoor, Subodh (1 July 2002). The Indian Encyclopaedia. Cosmo Publications. p. 2554. ISBN 978-81-7755-257-7. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Pippa De Bruyn; Keith Bain; David Allardice; Shonar Joshi (12 February 2010). Frommer's India. John Wiley & Sons. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-470-60264-5. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Jump up ^ "300-feet Shivaji statue in Mumbai's Arabian Sea!". 3 June 2008. Rediff.com. Archived from the original on 24 January 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
Jump up ^ B.K. Chaturvedi. Tourist Centers of India. Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd. p. 146. ISBN 978-81-7182-137-2. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Prasad, Rajendra (1984). Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Correspondence and Select Documents. Allied Publishers. p. 205. ISBN 978-81-7023-002-1. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
Jump up ^ University of Michigan (1965). The Illustrated weekly of India. Bennett, Coleman & Co., Ltd. p. 152. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Kottis, George C. (30 October 2006). Follow the Wind of Your Soul. AuthorHouse. p. 101. ISBN 978-1-4259-5505-2. Archived from the original on 7 July 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Thakkar, Dharmesh (27 January 2009). "Gateway of India jetties to move location". NDTV. Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ DNA (18 April 2012). "Mumbai heritage week: Revisiting a lost culture in the city of caves". Daily News and Analysis. Archived from the original on 27 June 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
Jump up ^ "Disaster floats at gateway". Mid Day. 2 October 2011. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Tembhekar, Chittaranjan; Jaisinghani, Bella (5 March 2012). "Elephanta festival 'moves' to Gateway of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ "Festival weaves magic". The Indian Express. Mumbai. Express news service. 27 March 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "Maniac stabs girl to death at Gateway". The Times of India. 14 August 2005. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 14 August 2005.
Jump up ^ "Gateway groping shocks Mumbai". The Times of India. 3 January 2007. Archived from the original on 29 November 2010. Retrieved 3 January 2007.
Jump up ^ "5 jetties may be shut". Daily News and Analysis. 29 January 2009. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Clara Lewis, Times News Network (18 March 2012). "Gateway not quite a getaway". The Times of India. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gateway of India.
Interactive Panorama: Gateway of India
360° Panorama at dawn: Gateway of India
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Beverly Hills Cop
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Beverly Hills Cop (disambiguation).
Beverly Hills Cop
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Martin Brest
Produced by
Don Simpson
Jerry Bruckheimer
Screenplay by
Daniel Petrie Jr.
Story by
Danilo Bach
Daniel Petrie, Jr.
Starring
Eddie Murphy
Music by
Harold Faltermeyer
Cinematography
Bruce Surtees
Edited by
Arthur Coburn
Billy Weber
Production
company
Don Simpson/Jerry Bruckheimer Productions
The Murphy Company
Distributed by
Paramount Pictures
Release date
December 1, 1984 (1984-12-01) (Los Angeles)
December 5, 1984 (1984-12-05) (United States)
Running time
105 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$15 million[2]
Box office
$316.4 million[3]
Beverly Hills Cop is a 1984 American action comedy film directed by Martin Brest, written by Daniel Petrie Jr. and starring Eddie Murphy as Axel Foley, a street-smart Detroit cop who visits Beverly Hills, California to solve the murder of his best friend. Judge Reinhold, John Ashton, Ronny Cox, Lisa Eilbacher, Steven Berkoff and Jonathan Banks appear in supporting roles.
This first film in the Beverly Hills Cop series shot Murphy to international stardom, won the People's Choice Award for "Favorite Motion Picture" and was nominated for both the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy and Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay in 1985. It earned $234 million at the North American domestic box office, making it the highest-grossing film of 1984 in the U.S.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception
4.1 Box office
5 Soundtrack
6 Awards and nominations
7 Legacy
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Young and reckless Detroit police detective Axel Foley's latest unauthorized sting operation goes sour when two uniformed officers intervene, resulting in a high-speed chase through the city which causes widespread damage. His boss Inspector Douglas Todd reprimands Axel for his behavior and threatens to fire him unless he changes his ways on the force. Axel arrives at his apartment to find it has been broken into by his childhood friend, Mikey Tandino. Mikey did time in prison, but ended up working as a security guard in Beverly Hills, thanks to a mutual friend, Jenny Summers. Mikey shows Axel some German bearer bonds and Axel wonders how he got them, but chooses not to question him about it. After going out to a bar, they return to Axel's apartment, where two men knock Axel unconscious and then confront Mikey about the bearer bonds, assault him, and kill him.
Axel asks to investigate Mikey's murder, but Inspector Todd refuses to allow it because of his close ties to Mikey. Axel uses the guise of taking vacation time to head to Beverly Hills to solve the crime. He finds Jenny working in an art gallery and learns about Mikey's ties to Victor Maitland, the gallery's owner. Posing as a flower deliveryman, Axel goes to Maitland's office and tries to question him about Mikey, but is thrown through a window by Maitland's bodyguards and arrested. At the police station, Lieutenant Andrew Bogomil assigns Sergeant John Taggart and Detective Billy Rosewood to follow Axel. After a series of encounters, including the trio's foiling of a robbery in a striptease bar, the three develop a mutual respect.
On the trail of Mikey's killers, Axel sneaks into one of Maitland's warehouses, where he finds coffee grounds, which he suspects were used to pack drugs. He also discovers that many of Maitland's crates have not gone through customs. After being arrested again, this time after a scuffle at Maitland's country club, Axel admits to Bogomil that Maitland is a smuggler. Police Chief Hubbard, who has learned of Axel's ill-advised investigative actions, orders that Axel be escorted out of town. However, Axel convinces Rosewood to pick up Jenny instead and take her with them to Maitland's warehouse, where a shipment is due to arrive that day.
Axel and Jenny break into the warehouse and discover several bags of cocaine inside a crate. Before Axel can get this new found evidence to Rosewood, Maitland and his associates arrive. Maitland takes Jenny and leaves Axel to be killed, but after some hesitation, Rosewood enters the warehouse and rescues Axel. Taggart tracks Axel and Rosewood to Maitland's estate, where he joins the two in their efforts to rescue Jenny and bring Maitland to justice. After wiping out most of Maitland's men, Axel kills Maitland's right-hand man Zack, identifying him as Mikey's killer. With Bogomil's help, Axel fatally shoots Maitland and rescues Jenny. Bogomil fabricates a story to Hubbard that covers for all the participants without discrediting the Beverly Hills Police force. Realizing that he will be fired in Detroit, Axel asks Bogomil to speak to Inspector Todd and smooth things over for him. Later, Taggart and Rosewood meet Axel as he checks out of his hotel, and pay his bill. Axel invites them to join him for a farewell drink, and they accept.
Cast[edit]
Eddie Murphy as Axel Foley
Judge Reinhold as Detective Billy Rosewood
John Ashton as Sergeant Taggart
Lisa Eilbacher as Jenny Summers
Ronny Cox as Lieutenant Bogomil
Steven Berkoff as Victor Maitland
James Russo as Mikey Tandino
Stephen Elliott as Chief Hubbard
Paul Reiser as Jeffrey
Jonathan Banks as Zack
Gilbert R. Hill as Inspector Todd
Bronson Pinchot as Serge
Production[edit]
The Beverly Hills City Hall featured prominently in the Beverly Hills Cop films as the police headquarters.
In 1977, Paramount executive Don Simpson came up with a movie idea about a cop from East L.A. who transferred to Beverly Hills.[4] Screenwriter Danilo Bach was called in to write the screenplay. Bach pitched his idea to Simpson and Paramount in 1981 under the name Beverly Drive, about a cop from Pittsburgh named Elly Axel.[4] However, his script was a straight action film and Bach was forced to make changes to the script, but after a few attempts the project went stale.[4] With the success of Flashdance (1983), Simpson saw the Beverly Hills film as his next big project.[4] Daniel Petrie, Jr. was brought in to rewrite the script and Paramount loved Petrie's humorous approach to the project, with the lead character now called Axel Elly, from Detroit.[4] Producer Jerry Bruckheimer claimed that the role of Axel Foley was first offered to Mickey Rourke, who signed a $400,000 holding contract to do the film. When revisions and other preparations took longer than expected, Rourke left the project to do another film.
Sylvester Stallone was originally considered for the part of Foley.[5] Stallone gave the script a dramatic rewrite and made it into a straight action film.[4] In one of the previous drafts written for Stallone, the character of Billy Rosewood was called "Siddons" and was killed off half-way through the script during one of the action scenes.[6] Stallone had renamed the lead character to Axel Cobretti, with the character of Michael Tandino being his brother and Jenny Summers playing his love interest. Stallone has said that his script for Beverly Hills Cop would have "looked like the opening scene from Saving Private Ryan on the beaches of Normandy. Believe it or not, the finale was me in a stolen Lamborghini playing chicken with an oncoming freight train being driven by the ultra-slimy bad guy."[4] However, Stallone's ideas were deemed "too expensive" for Paramount to produce and Stallone ultimately pulled out two weeks before filming was to start. Two days later, the film's producers, Simpson and Bruckheimer, convinced Eddie Murphy to replace Stallone in the film, prompting more rewrites.[7] Besides Stallone and Rourke, other actors who were considered for the role of Axel Foley included Richard Pryor, Al Pacino, and James Caan.[8]
Reception[edit]
Beverly Hills Cop received critical acclaim upon its release, and is considered by many as one of the best films of 1984.[9][10][unreliable source?] Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote "Beverly Hills Cop finds Eddie Murphy doing what he does best: playing the shrewdest, hippest, fastest-talking underdog in a rich man's world. Eddie Murphy knows exactly what he's doing, and he wins at every turn".[11] Richard Schickel of Time magazine wrote that "Eddie Murphy exuded the kind of cheeky, cocky charm that has been missing from the screen since Cagney was a pup, snarling his way out of the ghetto".[12] Axel Foley became Murphy's signature role and was ranked No. 78 on Empire magazine's list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time.[13] Also, Entertainment Weekly magazine ranked Beverly Hills Cop as the third best comedy film of the last 25 years. According to Christopher Hitchens, the British novelist and poet Kingsley Amis considered the film "a flawless masterpiece."[14]
Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes retrospectively collected reviews from 43 critics to give the film a score of 84%, with an average score of 7.1 out of 10.[15] In 2003, the film was picked as one of the 1000 Best Movies Ever Made by The New York Times.[16]
Box office[edit]
The film was released on December 5, 1984, and played in 2,006 theaters.[3] It debuted first at box office, making $15,214,805 in its first five days of release. Thanks to word of mouth, the film generated higher revenue in the weeks following the first week, with the highest one being in its fourth week of release, when it grossed $20,064,790 in five days. It stayed #1 for 14 non-consecutive weeks and tied Tootsie for the films with the second most weeks at #1. (The first is Titanic.)[17] The film earned approximately $234,760,478 domestically and became the highest-grossing film of 1984.[18] It also became the highest-grossing R rated film of all-time, a rank it would hold until The Matrix Reloaded in 2003. (Adjusted for inflation, Beverly Hills Cop is the third highest-grossing R rated film of all-time behind The Exorcist and The Godfather.)[19] Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold over 67 million tickets in the US.[20]
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: Beverly Hills Cop (soundtrack)
The soundtrack was released on MCA Records and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media (1986). The instrumental title tune, "Axel F", composed and performed by Harold Faltermeyer, is a cultural touchstone and has since been covered by numerous artists.
Awards and nominations[edit]
Academy Award
Nominated for Best Writing (Original Screenplay) - Danilo Bach and Daniel Petrie, Jr.
British Academy Film Awards
Nominated for Best Score - Harold Faltermeyer
Edgar Allan Poe Award
Nominated for Best Motion Picture - Daniel Petrie, Jr.
Golden Globe Award
Nominated for Best Motion Picture - Comedy/Musical
Nominated for Best Motion Picture Actor - Comedy/Musical - Eddie Murphy
Grammy Award
Won for Best Score Soundtrack Album - Marc Benno, Harold Faltermeyer, Keith Forsey, Micki Free, Jon Gilutin, Howard Hewett, Bunny Hull, Howie Rice, Sharon Robinson, Danny Sembello, Sue Sheridan, Richard Theisen, Allee Willis
People's Choice Award
Won for Favorite Motion Picture
Stuntman Award
Won for Best Vehicular Stunt (Motion Picture) - Eddy Donno
This film is No. 22 on Bravo's list of the 100 funniest films.[21][22]
American Film Institute Lists
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies - Nominated[23]
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs - #63
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains:
Detective Axel Foley - Nominated Hero[24]
Legacy[edit]
The film spawned a franchise with two sequels, Beverly Hills Cop II and Beverly Hills Cop III, both starring Eddie Murphy, in 1987 and 1994, respectively. Judge Reinhold reprised his role for the sequels. The second film met with mixed reviews but was a box office success, while the third film was unsuccessful both critically and commercially.
In 2013, a television series was reported to be in the works for CBS.[25] The pilot was written by Shawn Ryan and directed by Barry Sonnenfeld. Brandon T. Jackson was cast as Axel Foley's son.[26] The series was not picked up, but Ryan reported that it tested well enough for Paramount to put a fourth film into production.[27]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "BEVERLY HILLS COP (15)". British Board of Film Classification. December 10, 1984. Retrieved November 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Beverly Hills Cop Production Budget". The-Numbers.com. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Beverly Hills Cop". Box Office Mojo.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Cronin, Brian (2013-01-16). "Movie Legends Revealed: Sly Stallone as Axel Foley?". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
Jump up ^ O'Connell, Sean. "Sylvester Stallone turns down Beverly Hills Cop Script according to book". Retrieved August 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Re-Cast: Five Blockbusters Completely Changed For Their Star". Empire Magazine. Retrieved 2010-11-13.
Jump up ^ Gruson, Linsey (1984-12-16). "EXIT STALLONE, ENTER EDDIE MURPHY". The New York Times. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
Jump up ^ Gruson, Linsey (1984-12-16). "20 Fascinating Facts About The 'Beverly Hills Cop' Franchise". The New York Times. Retrieved 2014-06-12.
Jump up ^ "The Greatest Films of 1984". AMC Filmsite.org. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Best Movies of 1984 by Rank". Films101.com. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Beverly Hills Cop, Film Review". The New York Times. April 29, 2003. Archived from the original on October 3, 2012. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Cinema: Eddie Goes to Lotusland". Time. December 10, 1984. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Empire's The 100 Greatest Movie Characters". Empire. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Amis Inheritance". New York Times. Retrieved September 27, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Beverly Hills Cop Movie Reviews, Pictures". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made". The New York Times. April 29, 2003. Retrieved April 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Longest Top Ranking Movies (Conesecutive Weeks". Box Office Mojo.
Jump up ^ "1984 Yearly Box Office Results - Box Office Mojo". Retrieved December 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Box Office Mojo All Time Grosses R-Rated tab
Jump up ^ "Beverly Hills Cop (1984)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved May 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Bravo's 100 Funniest Movies of All Time". Boston.com. July 25, 2006. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Bravo's "100 Funniest Movies"". listsofbests.com. Archived from the original on July 3, 2010. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies Nominees
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains Nominees
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (February 22, 2013). "Hollywood Insider: What's Going on Behind the Scenes: TV's Pilot Season Goes (Very) High-Concept". Entertainment Weekly. New York: Time Inc. Retrieved January 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Child, Ben (July 22, 2013). "Beverly Hills Cop TV series shot down". The Guardian. Retrieved January 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Obenson, Tambay A. (July 22, 2013). "'Beverly Hills Cop' TV Series Officially Dead. BUT Pilot Tested Well, So 4th Movie In Development". Indiewire. Retrieved January 15, 2017.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Beverly Hills Cop
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[show]
v
t
e
Beverly Hills Cop series
Films
Beverly Hills Cop (1984)
Beverly Hills Cop II (1987)
Beverly Hills Cop III (1994)
Characters
Axel Foley
Music
Beverly Hills Cop
"Axel F"
"The Heat Is On"
"Neutron Dance"
"New Attitude"
"Stir It Up"
Beverly Hills Cop II
"Cross My Broken Heart"
"I Want Your Sex"
"Shakedown"
Beverly Hills Cop III
"Luv 4 Dem Gangsta'z"
"The Right Kinda Lover"
Other
Video game
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Martin Brest
Hot Tomorrows (1977)
Going in Style (1979)
Beverly Hills Cop (1984)
Midnight Run (1988)
Scent of a Woman (1992)
Meet Joe Black (1998)
Gigli (2003)
[show]
v
t
e
Films produced by Jerry Bruckheimer
Farewell, My Lovely (1975)
March or Die (1977)
Defiance (1980)
American Gigolo (1980)
Thief (1981)
Young Doctors in Love (1982)
Flashdance (1983)
Beverly Hills Cop (1984)
Thief of Hearts (1984)
Top Gun (1986)
Beverly Hills Cop II (1987)
Days of Thunder (1990)
Dangerous Minds (1995)
Crimson Tide (1995)
Bad Boys (1995)
The Rock (1996)
Con Air (1997)
Enemy of the State (1998)
Armageddon (1998)
Remember the Titans (2000)
Coyote Ugly (2000)
Gone in 60 Seconds (2000)
Pearl Harbor (2001)
Black Hawk Down (2001)
Bad Company (2002)
Bad Boys II (2003)
Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)
Veronica Guerin (2003)
Kangaroo Jack (2003)
National Treasure (2004)
King Arthur (2004)
Just Legal (2005)
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006)
Déjà Vu (2006)
Glory Road (2006)
Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007)
National Treasure: Book of Secrets (2007)
G-Force (2009)
Confessions of a Shopaholic (2009)
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (2010)
The Sorcerer's Apprentice (2010)
Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (2011)
The Lone Ranger (2013)
Deliver Us from Evil (2014)
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017)
12 Strong (2018)
Gemini Man (2019)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beverly_Hills_Cop&oldid=839283523"
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