text:
List of banks in South Africa
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This is a list of commercial banks in South Africa[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Banks
1.1 Locally controlled banks
1.1.1 Co-operative banks
1.2 Foreign-controlled banks
1.3 Branches of foreign banks
1.4 Foreign Bank Representatives
1.5 Mutual banks
1.6 Other banks
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Banks[edit]
Locally controlled banks[edit]
African Bank Limited
Bidvest Bank Limited
Capitec Bank
Commercial Bank of South Africa PLC
First National Bank
FirstRand Bank - A subsidiary of First Rand Limited
Grindrod Limited
Imperial Bank South Africa
Investec Bank Limited
Nedbank Limited
Sasfin Bank Limited
Standard Bank of South Africa
Teba Bank Limited[2]
[* Authenticity may need revision [3]]
Co-operative banks[edit]
Ditsobotla Primary Savings and Credit Co-operative Bank[4]
OSK Koöperatiewe Bank Beperk[4]
Foreign-controlled banks[edit]
Absa Bank, a division of Barclays Africa Group
Albaraka Bank Limited
Habib Overseas Bank Limited
Habib Bank AG Zurich
Mercantile Bank Limited
South African Bank of Athens Limited[5]
Branches of foreign banks[edit]
Bank of Baroda
Bank of China
Bank of Taiwan
BNP Paribas
Calyon Corporate and Investment Bank
China Construction Bank Corporation
Citibank N.A.
Deutsche Bank AG
JPMorgan Chase Bank
Société Générale
Standard Chartered Bank
State Bank of India
Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
Royal Bank of Scotland
Wittelsbach Princely Trust Bank
Foreign Bank Representatives[edit]
AfrAsia Bank Limited
Banco Africano de Investimentos
Banco BIC
Banco BPI SA
Banco Espirito Santo e Comercial de Lisboa
Banco Santander Totta S.A.
Bank Leumi Le-Israel BM
Bank of America
Bank of Cyprus Group
Bank of India
Barclays Bank Plc
Barclays Private Clients International Limited
Commerzbank AG Johannesburg
Credit Suisse AG
Ecobank
Export-Import Bank of India
Fairbairn Private Bank (Isle of Man) Limited
Fairbairn Private Bank (Jersey) Limited
First Bank of Nigeria
First City Monument Bank Plc
Hellenic Bank Public Company Limited
HSBC Bank International Limited
ICICI Bank Limited
Industrial and Commercial Bank of China
KfW Ipex-Bank GmbH
Lloyds TSB Offshore Limited
Mauritius Commercial Bank Limited
Mukuru
Millennium BCP
National Bank of Egypt
NATIXIS
Royal Bank of Scotland International Limited
Société Générale
Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation
The Bank of New York Mellon
The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ Limited
The Export-Import Bank of China
The Royal Bank of Scotland N.V.
UBS AG
Unicredit Bank AG
Union Bank of Nigeria Plc
Wells Fargo Bank
Zenith Bank Plc
Mutual banks[edit]
GBS Mutual Bank
VBS Mutual Bank
Finbond Mutual Bank
Other banks[edit]
Development Bank of Southern Africa
Land and Agricultural Development Bank of South Africa
Postbank
See also[edit]
List of banks in Africa
South African Reserve Bank
BankservAfrica
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "South African Registered Banks and Representative Offices - South African Reserve Bank". www.resbank.co.za. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
Jump up ^ Directory of South African Financial Institutions Archived 2009-05-24 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "South African Registered Banks and Representative Offices - South African Reserve Bank". www.resbank.co.za. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
^ Jump up to: a b "Registered Co-operative Banks - South African Reserve Bank". www.resbank.co.za. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
Jump up ^ Jacks, Mzwandile (2009-06-11). "South Africa: Six Foreign Banks 'Plan' to Quit". The Namibian (Windhoek). Retrieved 2017-08-31.
External links[edit]
Website of Reserve Bank of South Africa
Classification of South African Financial Institutions
[show]
v
t
e
List of banks in Africa
Sovereign states
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde (Cabo Verde)
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
The Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
São Tomé and Príncipe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Swaziland
Tanzania
Togo
Tunisia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
States with limited
recognition
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Somaliland
Dependencies and
other territories
Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla / (see also plazas de soberanía) (Spain)
Madeira (Portugal)
Mayotte / Réunion (France)
Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)
[show]
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Economy of South Africa
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text:
History of the center of the Universe
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Figure of the heavenly bodies — An illustration of the Ptolemaic geocentric system by Portuguese cosmographer and cartographer Bartolomeu Velho, 1568 (Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris), depicting Earth as the centre of the Universe.
The center of the Universe is a concept that lacks a coherent definition in modern astronomy; according to standard cosmological theories on the shape of the universe, it has no center.
Historically, the center of the Universe had been believed to be a number of locations. Many mythological cosmologies included an axis mundi, the central axis of a flat Earth that connects the Earth, heavens, and other realms together. In the 4th century BCE Greece, the geocentric model was developed based on astronomical observation, proposing that the center of the Universe lies at the center of a spherical, stationary Earth, around which the sun, moon, planets, and stars rotate. With the development of the heliocentric model by Nicolaus Copernicus in the 16th century, the sun was believed to be the center of the Universe, with the planets (including Earth) and stars orbiting it.
In the early 20th century, the discovery of other galaxies and the development of the Big Bang theory led to the development of cosmological models of a homogeneous, isotropic Universe (which lacks a central point) that is expanding at all points.
Contents
[hide]
1 Outside astronomy
2 Center of a flat Earth
3 Earth as the center of the Universe
4 Sun as center of the Universe
5 Milky Way's galactic center as center of the Universe
6 The nonexistence of a center of the Universe
6.1 Expanding Universe
6.2 Copernican and cosmological principles
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
Outside astronomy[edit]
Nature timeline
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cosmic expansion
Earliest light
cosmic speed-up
Solar System
water
Single-celled life
photosynthesis
Multicellular
life
Land life
Earliest gravity
Dark energy
Dark matter
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Earliest universe (−13.80)
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Earliest galaxy
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Earliest quasar
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Omega Centauri forms
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Andromeda Galaxy forms
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Milky Way Galaxy
spiral arms form
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Alpha Centauri forms
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Earliest Earth (−4.54)
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Earliest life
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Earliest oxygen
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Atmospheric oxygen
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Earliest sexual reproduction
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Cambrian explosion
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Earliest humans
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Axis scale: billions of years.
Also see: Human timeline and Life timeline
In religion or mythology, the axis mundi (also cosmic axis, world axis, world pillar, columna cerului, center of the world) is a point described as the center of the world, the connection between it and Heaven, or both.
Mount Hermon in Lebanon was regarded in some cultures as the axis mundi.
Mount Hermon was regarded as the axis mundi in Caananite tradition, from where the sons of God are introduced descending in 1 Enoch (1En6:6).[1] The ancient Greeks regarded several sites as places of earth's omphalos (navel) stone, notably the oracle at Delphi, while still maintaining a belief in a cosmic world tree and in Mount Olympus as the abode of the gods. Judaism has the Temple Mount and Mount Sinai, Christianity has the Mount of Olives and Calvary, Islam has Mecca, said to be the place on earth that was created first, and the Temple Mount (Dome of the Rock). In Shinto, the Ise Shrine is the omphalos. In addition to the Kun Lun Mountains, where it is believed the peach tree of immortality is located, the Chinese folk religion recognizes four other specific mountains as pillars of the world.
A 1581 map depicting Jerusalem as the center of the world.
Sacred places constitute world centers (omphalos) with the altar or place of prayer as the axis. Altars, incense sticks, candles and torches form the axis by sending a column of smoke, and prayer, toward heaven. The architecture of sacred places often reflects this role. "Every temple or palace--and by extension, every sacred city or royal residence--is a Sacred Mountain, thus becoming a Centre."[2] The stupa of Hinduism, and later Buddhism, reflects Mount Meru. Cathedrals are laid out in the form of a cross, with the vertical bar representing the union of earth and heaven as the horizontal bars represent union of people to one another, with the altar at the intersection. Pagoda structures in Asian temples take the form of a stairway linking earth and heaven. A steeple in a church or a minaret in a mosque also serve as connections of earth and heaven. Structures such as the maypole, derived from the Saxons' Irminsul, and the totem pole among indigenous peoples of the Americas also represent world axes. The calumet, or sacred pipe, represents a column of smoke (the soul) rising form a world center.[3] A mandala creates a world center within the boundaries of its two-dimensional space analogous to that created in three-dimensional space by a shrine.[4]
In medieval times some Christians thought of Jerusalem as the center of the world (Latin: umbilicus mundi, Greek: Omphalos), and was so represented in the so-called T and O maps. Byzantine hymns speak of the Cross being "planted in the center of the earth."
Center of a flat Earth[edit]
The Flammarion engraving (1888) depicts a traveller who arrives at the edge of a Flat Earth and sticks his head through the firmament.
The Flat Earth model is a belief that the Earth's shape is a plane or disk covered by a firmament contain heavenly bodies. Most pre-scientific cultures have had conceptions of a Flat Earth, including Greece until the classical period, the Bronze Age and Iron Age civilizations of the Near East until the Hellenistic period, India until the Gupta period (early centuries AD) and China until the 17th century.[citation needed] It was also typically held in the aboriginal cultures of the Americas, and a flat Earth domed by the firmament in the shape of an inverted bowl is common in pre-scientific societies.[5]
"Center" is well-defined in a Flat Earth model. A flat earth would have a definite geographic center. There would also be a unique point at the exact center of a spherical firmament (or a firmament that was a half-sphere).
Earth as the center of the Universe[edit]
Main article: Geocentric model
The Flat Earth model gave way to an understanding of a Spherical Earth. Aristotle (384–322 BCE) provided observational arguments supporting the idea of a spherical Earth, namely that different stars are visible in different locations, travelers going south see southern constellations rise higher above the horizon, and the shadow of Earth on the Moon during a lunar eclipse is round, and spheres cast circular shadows while discs generally do not.
This understanding was accompanied by models of the Universe that depicted the Sun, Moon, stars, and naked eye planets circling the spherical Earth, including the noteworthy models of Aristotle (see Aristotelian physics) and Ptolemy.[6] This geocentric model was the dominant model from the 4th century BCE until the 17th century CE.
Sun as center of the Universe[edit]
Main articles: Copernican heliocentrism and Copernican revolution
The heliocentric model from Nicolaus Copernicus' De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
Heliocentrism, or heliocentricism,[7][note 1] is the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around a relatively stationary Sun at the center of our Solar System. The word comes from the Greek (ἥλιος helios "sun" and κέντρον kentron "center").
The notion that the Earth revolves around the Sun had been proposed as early as the 3rd century BCE by Aristarchus of Samos,[8][9][note 2] but had received no support from most other ancient astronomers.
Nicolaus Copernicus' major theory of a heliocentric model was published in De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), in 1543, the year of his death, though he had formulated the theory several decades earlier. Copernicus' ideas were not immediately accepted, but they did begin a paradigm shift away from the Ptolemaic geocentric model to a heliocentric model. The Copernican revolution, as this paradigm shift would come to be called, would last until Isaac Newton’s work over a century later.
Johannes Kepler published his first two laws about planetary motion in 1609, having found them by analyzing the astronomical observations of Tycho Brahe.[10] Kepler's third law was published in 1619.[10] The first law was "The orbit of every planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci."
On 7 January 1610 Galileo used his telescope, with optics superior to what had been available before. He described "three fixed stars, totally invisible[11] by their smallness", all close to Jupiter, and lying on a straight line through it.[12] Observations on subsequent nights showed that the positions of these "stars" relative to Jupiter were changing in a way that would have been inexplicable if they had really been fixed stars. On 10 January Galileo noted that one of them had disappeared, an observation which he attributed to its being hidden behind Jupiter. Within a few days he concluded that they were orbiting Jupiter:[13] Galileo stated that he had reached this conclusion on 11 January.[12] He had discovered three of Jupiter's four largest satellites (moons). He discovered the fourth on 13 January.
His observations of the satellites of Jupiter created a revolution in astronomy: a planet with smaller planets orbiting it did not conform to the principles of Aristotelian Cosmology, which held that all heavenly bodies should circle the Earth,[12][14] and many astronomers and philosophers initially refused to believe that Galileo could have discovered such a thing.[12][clarification needed]
Newton made clear his heliocentric view of the solar system – developed in a somewhat modern way, because already in the mid-1680s he recognised the "deviation of the Sun" from the centre of gravity of the solar system.[15] For Newton, it was not precisely the centre of the Sun or any other body that could be considered at rest, but rather "the common centre of gravity of the Earth, the Sun and all the Planets is to be esteem'd the Centre of the World", and this centre of gravity "either is at rest or moves uniformly forward in a right line" (Newton adopted the "at rest" alternative in view of common consent that the centre, wherever it was, was at rest).[16]
Milky Way's galactic center as center of the Universe[edit]
Great Andromeda Nebula by Isaac Roberts (1899)
In 1750 Thomas Wright, in his work An original theory or new hypothesis of the Universe, correctly speculated that the Milky Way might be a body of a huge number of stars held together by gravitational forces rotating about a Galactic Center, akin to the solar system but on a much larger scale. The resulting disk of stars can be seen as a band on the sky from our perspective inside the disk.[17] In a treatise in 1755, Immanuel Kant elaborated on Wright's idea about the structure of the Milky Way. At the time, the existence of other galaxies had not been discovered.
The nonexistence of a center of the Universe[edit]
In 1917, Heber Doust Curtis observed a nova within what then was called the "Andromeda Nebula". Searching the photographic record, 11 more novae were discovered. Curtis noticed that novas in Andromeda were drastically fainter than novas in the Milky Way. Based on this, Curtis was able to estimate that Andromeda was 500,000 light-years away. As a result, Curtis became a proponent of the so-called "island Universes" hypothesis, which held that objects previously believed to be spiral nebulae within the Milky Way were actually independent galaxies.[18]
In 1920, the Great Debate between Harlow Shapley and Curtis took place, concerning the nature of the Milky Way, spiral nebulae, and the dimensions of the Universe. To support his claim that the Great Andromeda Nebula (M31) was an external galaxy, Curtis also noted the appearance of dark lanes resembling the dust clouds in our own Galaxy, as well as the significant Doppler shift. In 1922 Ernst Öpik presented a very elegant and simple astrophysical method to estimate the distance of M31. His result put the Andromeda Nebula far outside our Galaxy at a distance of about 450,000 parsec, which is about 1,500,000 ly.[19] Edwin Hubble settled the debate about whether other galaxies exist in 1925 when he identified extragalactic Cepheid variable stars for the first time on astronomical photos of M31. These were made using the 2.5 metre (100 in) Hooker telescope, and they enabled the distance of Great Andromeda Nebula to be determined. His measurement demonstrated conclusively that this feature was not a cluster of stars and gas within our Galaxy, but an entirely separate galaxy located a significant distance from our own. This proved the existence of other galaxies.[20]
Expanding Universe[edit]
Hubble also demonstrated that the redshift of other galaxies is approximately proportional to their distance from the Earth (Hubble's law). This raised the appearance of our galaxy being in the center of an expanding Universe, however, Hubble rejected the findings philosophically:
...if we see the nebulae all receding from our position in space, then every other observer, no matter where he may be located, will see the nebulae all receding from his position. However, the assumption is adopted. There must be no favoured location in the Universe, no centre, no boundary; all must see the Universe alike. And, in order to ensure this situation, the cosmologist, postulates spatial isotropy and spatial homogeneity, which is his way of stating that the Universe must be pretty much alike everywhere and in all directions."[21]
The redshift observations of Hubble, in which galaxies appear to be moving away from us at a rate proportional to their distance from us, are now understood to be a result of the metric expansion of space. This is the increase of the distance between two distant parts of the Universe with time, and is an intrinsic expansion whereby the scale of space itself changes. As Hubble theorized, all observers anywhere in the Universe will observe a similar effect.
Copernican and cosmological principles[edit]
The Copernican principle, named after Nicolaus Copernicus, states that the Earth is not in a central, specially favored position.[22] Hermann Bondi named the principle after Copernicus in the mid-20th century, although the principle itself dates back to the 16th-17th century paradigm shift away from the geocentric Ptolemaic system.
The cosmological principle is an extension of the Copernican principle which states that the Universe is homogeneous (the same observational evidence is available to observers at different locations in the Universe) and isotropic (the same observational evidence is available by looking in any direction in the Universe). A homogeneous, isotropic Universe does not have a center.[23]
See also[edit]
Cosmic microwave background radiation
Doughnut theory of the universe
Illustris project
Multiverse
Religious cosmology
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Copernican heliocenterism held that the Sun itself was the center of the entire Universe. As it is modernly understood, Heliocenterism refers to the much narrower concept that the sun is the center of the Solar System, not the center of the entire Universe.
Jump up ^ The work of Aristarchus's in which he proposed his heliocentric system has not survived. We only know of it now from a brief passage in Archimedes's The Sand Reckoner.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kelley Coblentz Bautch (25 September 2003). A Study of the Geography of 1 Enoch 17-19: "no One Has Seen what I Have Seen". BRILL. pp. 62–. ISBN 9789004131033. Retrieved 28 June 2011.
Jump up ^ Mircea Eliade (tr. Willard Trask). 'Archetypes and Repetition' in The Myth of the Eternal Return. Princeton, 1971. p.12
Jump up ^ Jean Chevalier and Alain Gheerbrandt. The Penguin Dictionary of Symbols. Editions Robert Lafont S. A. et Editions Jupiter: Paris, 1982. Penguin Books: London, 1996. pp.148-149
Jump up ^ Mircea Eliade (tr. Philip Mairet). 'Symbolism of the Centre' in Images and Symbols. Princeton, 1991. p.52-54
Jump up ^ "Their cosmography as far as we know anything about it was practically of one type up til the time of the white man's arrival upon the scene. That of the Borneo Dayaks may furnish us with some idea of it. 'They consider the Earth to be a flat surface, whilst the heavens are a dome, a kind of glass shade which covers the Earth and comes in contact with it at the horizon.'" Lucien Levy-Bruhl, Primitive Mentality (repr. Boston: Beacon, 1966) 353; "The usual primitive conception of the world's form ... [is] flat and round below and surmounted above by a solid firmament in the shape of an inverted bowl." H. B. Alexander, The Mythology of All Races 10: North American (repr. New York: Cooper Square, 1964) 249.
Jump up ^ Lawson, Russell M. (2004). Science in the ancient world: an encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 29–30. ISBN 1851095349. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
Jump up ^ Teaching about Evolution and the Nature of Science (National Academy of Sciences, 1998), p.27; also, Don O' Leary, Roman Catholicism and Modern Science: A History (Continuum Books, 2006), p.5.
Jump up ^ Dreyer, J.L.E. (1906). History of the planetary systems from Thales to Kepler. pp. 135–48.
Jump up ^ Linton, C.M. (2004). From Eudoxus to Einstein: A History of Mathematical Astronomy. E-Libro. Cambridge University Press. p. 38,205. ISBN 9781139453790.
^ Jump up to: a b Holton, Gerald James; Brush, Stephen G. (2001). Physics, the Human Adventure: From Copernicus to Einstein and Beyond (3rd paperback ed.). Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press. pp. 40–41. ISBN 0-8135-2908-5. Retrieved December 27, 2009.
Jump up ^ i.e., invisible to the naked eye.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Drake, Stillman (1978). Galileo at Work: His Scientific Biography. University of Chicago Press. pp. 146, 152, 157–163.
Jump up ^ In Sidereus Nuncius,1892, 3:81 (in Latin)
Jump up ^ Linton, C.M. (2004). From Eudoxus to Einstein: A History of Mathematical Astronomy. E-Libro. Cambridge University Press. p. 38. ISBN 9781139453790.
Jump up ^ See Curtis Wilson, "The Newtonian achievement in astronomy", pages 233–274 in R Taton & C Wilson (eds) (1989) The General History of Astronomy, Volume, 2A', at page 233.
Jump up ^ Text quotations are from 1729 translation of Newton's Principia, Book 3 (1729 vol.2) at pages 232–233.
Jump up ^ Evans, J. C. (1995). "Our Galaxy". Retrieved 25 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Curtis, H. D. (1988). "Novae in Spiral Nebulae and the Island Universe Theory". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 100: 6. Bibcode:1988PASP..100....6C. doi:10.1086/132128.
Jump up ^ Öpik, E. (1922). "An estimate of the distance of the Andromeda Nebula". Astrophysical Journal. 55: 406–410. Bibcode:1922ApJ....55..406O. doi:10.1086/142680.
Jump up ^ Hubble, E. P. (1929). "A spiral nebula as a stellar system, Messier 31". Astrophysical Journal. 69: 103–158. Bibcode:1929ApJ....69..103H. doi:10.1086/143167.
Jump up ^ Hubble, E. P. (1937). The observational approach to cosmology. Oxford University Press.
Jump up ^ H. Bondi (1952). Cosmology. Cambridge University Press. p. 13.
Jump up ^ Livio, Mario (2001). The Accelerating Universe: Infinite Expansion, the Cosmological Constant, and the Beauty of the Cosmos. John Wiley and Sons. p. 53. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
[hide]
v
t
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Earth's location in the Universe
Included
Earth → Solar System → Local Interstellar Cloud → Local Bubble → Gould Belt → Orion Arm → Milky Way → Milky Way subgroup → Local Group → Virgo Supercluster → Laniakea Supercluster → Pisces–Cetus Supercluster Complex → Observable universe → Universe
Each arrow (→) may be read as "within" or "part of".
Related
Cosmic View (1957 essay)
To the Moon and Beyond (1964 film)
Cosmic Zoom (1968 film)
Powers of Ten (1968 and 1977 films)
Cosmic Voyage (1996 documentary)
Cosmic Eye (2012)
Astronomy portal - Cosmology portal
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Kat Chapman
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Kat Chapman
Home and Away character
Portrayed by
Pia Miller
Duration
2015–2018
First appearance
5 February 2015 (2015-02-05)
Last appearance
29 January 2018 (2018-01-29)
Introduced by
Lucy Addario
Spin-off
appearances
Home and Away: An Eye for an Eye (2015)
Classification
Former; regular
Profile
Occupation
Senior constable
Co-owner of Summer Bay Auto
[show]Family
Mother
Devera Chapman
Brothers
Leo Chapman
Paulo Chapman
Katarina "Kat" Chapman is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Pia Miller. The actress joined the cast in July 2014 following a successful audition. She began filming during the following month, and initially commuted from her home in Melbourne to the set in Sydney. Home and Away marked Miller's first major acting role. She made her first appearance during the episode broadcast on 5 February 2015. The actress was drawn to the part after reading that her character was a strong and resilient policewoman, who was not sexualised in any way. Miller wanted viewers to focus on Kat and not her appearance. The actress filmed her final scenes in August 2017 and Kat was killed off in the season finale, broadcast on 18 December 2017.
Kat's first storylines saw her interact with Darryl Braxton (Stephen Peacocke) as she investigated him for murder. She forms a relationship with local doctor Nate Cooper (Kyle Pryor), which is tested a number of times. Kat has survived falling over a cliff face and being shot. Towards the end of 2015, she was targeted by villain Charlotte King (Erika Heynatz). The character's background was explored further with the introduction of her abusive former fiancé Dylan Carter (Jeremy Lindsay Taylor), who arrived in the Bay to lead the investigation into Charlotte's murder. Following Dylan's departure, Kat began a relationship with Martin "Ash" Ashford (George Mason). She also faced problems in her career and briefly resigned from the police force. Miller earned a nomination for the Logie Award for Best New Talent for her portrayal of Kat.
Contents
[hide]
1 Casting
2 Development
2.1 Characterisation and introduction
2.2 Relationship with Nate Cooper
2.3 Cliff fall and shooting
2.4 Charlotte King
2.5 Dylan Carter
2.6 Relationship with Martin Ashford
2.7 Career problems
2.8 Departure
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Casting[edit]
On 4 August 2014, Luke Dennehy of the Herald Sun reported actress and model Pia Miller had joined the regular cast of Home and Away as Katarina.[1] Miller said joining the show had been "such a whirlwind". She auditioned for the role in July, two weeks before the casting announcement, and began filming her first scenes on 5 August.[1] She initially commuted from her home in Melbourne to Sydney, where the show's studios are based.[1] She later relocated to the city to be closer to the set.[2] Home and Away marked Miller's first major acting role.[3] She made her debut as Kat on 5 February 2015.[4] Miller marked two years on the show in 2017. She stated "To get a job like this that is consistent, and I have a character I can really work in all those nuances and little things about her that I can relate to and make up and put my own touch on. It is just so much fun to have a character I can sink my teeth into."[2]
Development[edit]
Characterisation and introduction[edit]
“ She's tough, resilient and dedicated to her job. Acutely analytical as well as fit and active, she has an easy, laid-back charm. But dig a little deeper and you'll find how reluctant she is to trust people. She's been burned before.[5] ”
— An excerpt from Kat's profile on the official Home and Away website.
Ahead of her introduction, Jonathon Moran of The Daily Telegraph described Kat as "a tough and resilient police officer driven by success in her work life."[4] Miller explained that Kat is dedicated to her career, but she feels that "she has a lot to prove to others and to herself." Miller also said Kat displayed a "laid back charm" on the surface, but she was "her own harshest critic."[4] In an interview published on the official website, Miller said she shared some similarities with the character. Both she and Kat were "straight down the line" people.[6] Series producer Lucy Addario said it would not be immediately clear why Kat has moved to the Bay, and that she would have "a darker story behind her."[7] As she settles into the Bay, Kat's walls begin to come down.[6]
Miller wanted viewers to focus on the character and not her looks, commenting "Katarina is quite removed from being the 'hot chick' that comes into town."[3] Miller was drawn to the role when she saw the character breakdown, as Kat was not sexualised at all.[3][8] She comes to Summer Bay to do her job as a policewoman and help people.[3] Miller continued, "She is probably the coolest chick ever! I'm proud to get to play her. She is a strong woman, a city girl, and she's been through a bit and had experiences – some good and some not so great. She came to Summer Bay with the idea of putting her head down and getting back to the city."[3] Some critics and fans pointed out that Kat resembled former character Charlie Buckton (Esther Anderson). Miller replied that although Kat and Charlie were both women and were in the police force, they were two different characters.[3]
Kat's introductory storyline saw her assigned to the investigation into Dean Sanderson's (Kevin Kiernan-Molly) death. Evidence leads the police to Darryl Braxton (Stephen Peacocke).[9] Even though Kat is from the city, she has heard all about the reputation of the Braxton family. As she investigates the case, she feels empathy and sympathy for them.[6] Miller explained that the human aspect of Kat comes into play during the story, and she is also battling against her professionalism. She continued by saying the "cop/Braxton relationship" does gets tested.[6] Brax's friend Martin "Ash" Ashford (George Mason) confronts Kat with a theory that Dean was murdered by Sam Kennedy (Wade Briggs). Kat is "less than enthusiastic" about Ash's hunch, and will not listen to his theory, unless he can produce some evidence to back it up.[9] She also reminds Ash that the police have already looked into Sam and dismissed him as a suspect, since he has no criminal history or connection to the murder.[9]
Relationship with Nate Cooper[edit]
When asked if there was any romance ahead for Kat, Miller said Kat was "not immune to the Summer Bay romance", but it was not high on her agenda after her arrival.[3] A few weeks later Kat befriends local doctor Nate Cooper (Kyle Pryor), who is ready to move on from his failed marriage to Sophie Taylor (Bridgette Sneddon).[10] Pryor said Nate is attracted to Kat's cheeky personality, and thinks he can "press her buttons."[10] Kat agrees to go on a date with Nate, and she takes the opportunity to learn more about his former relationship with Bay resident Ricky Sharpe (Bonnie Sveen).[10] Following their date, Kat and Nate spend the night together at his place.[11] Pryor commented that Kat and Nate had a lot in common, and there was an undeniable spark between them. Believing that they are forming a connection, Nate is left disappointed when Kat leaves early the following morning.[11] When they later catch up, Kat explains that she just wants to keep their relationship casual and a secret. Pryor said Nate was a little confused as to why Kat did not want people knowing about them, because they are both adults and should not be ashamed.[11] Nate goes along with Kat's wishes, but when she realises that people are already gossiping about them, she breaks up with him.[11]
Kat later challenges Nate to race her in a Color Run, and agrees to meet Chris Harrington (Johnny Ruffo) for a coffee, after he asks her to prove that nothing is going on between her and Nate.[12] Miller commented that Kat has fun with Chris, while Stephen Downie of TV Week pointed out that she has more in common with Nate.[12] Miller also said that Kat and Nate's relationship is full of "cheekiness" and they bring out a competitive streak in each other.[12] In June 2015, series producer Lucy Addario revealed that Kat would eventually open up to Nate about her past and her history would explain why she acts the way she does. Addario also revealed that Billie Ashford's (Tessa de Josselin) crush on Nate would test his relationship with Kat.[13] The storyline began to play out that same month as Kat and Nate rescue Billie from drowning in the sea. Nate administers mouth-to-mouth resuscitation to get Billie breathing again, and as he assures her that she will be okay, Billie begins to develop her crush.[14] Billie tries to break up Kat and Nate's relationship, but when her plans fail, she accuses him of sexually assaulting her.[15] Nate is questioned by Kat's Sergeant, Mike Emerson (Cameron Stewart), who produces evidence of a sexually explicit text sent from Nate's phone to Billie.[15]
Kat initially wants to support Nate and believes Billie is lying, but she also has a duty as a police officer to take such accusations seriously. When she learns of the text message, Kat lets go of Nate's hand and he realises that she doubts his innocence. Kat then opens up to him about her "troubled past" and why she briefly doubted him.[16] Kat and Nate plead Nate's innocence to Chris and ask him to help catch Billie out. When Chris discovers that Billie is behind an embarrassing poster that threatened to ruin Kat's career, he agrees to help.[17] Chris invites Billie over to his house and tries to get her to confess to setting Nate up, by explaining that he wants to see Nate punished.[17] Billie notices that Chris is recording the conversation and she switches his phone off, while claiming that she did frame Nate. Chris then reveals that he is actually wearing a police wire and Billie is arrested by Emerson.[17] Nate and Kat's relationship becomes strained and they decide to take some time apart. Nate grows closer to Ricky again during that time. When he and Kat resume their relationship, they continue to have problems due to Kat's lack of trust in him.[18]
Kat struggles when she learns Nate had sex with Ricky, and when Nate finds out how upset she is, he tries to apologise. Pryor commented, "He hated what he did to Kat. So, while there's a pull towards Ricky, he tries to man up and stick by their relationship."[19] Kat refuses to accept his apology and she later sees him talking to Ricky, leaving her "confused and humiliated."[19] Kat tells Nate that she is prepared to forgive him if he commits to their relationship, and he agrees.[20] Pryor said Nate wants to do the right thing by Kat, as he knows she has been having a hard time, just like Ricky. Kat later notices Ricky staring at Nate and becomes suspicious of the pair once again.[20] Kat and Nate's relationship ends for good, and Nate reunites with Ricky. Pryor told TV Week's Gavin Scott, "He's worried about telling Kat. He doesn't want to hurt her, considering everything she's been through. He will always care for her. However, he knows what is best for both of them, and that's being apart."[21]
Cliff fall and shooting[edit]
Billie is later accused of arson and becomes depressed when her brother Ash doubts her innocence. Nate grows concerned for her mental and physical health when she goes missing from the hospital.[22] He contacts Kat, who realises Billie is close to breaching her bail conditions, and she and Ash start a search for Billie. However, they fail to locate her and have to call the search off for the night.[22] The following day, Kat receives a call about a sighting of a young woman near the lighthouse on the headland.[23] Worried that Billie could jump any minute, Kat gently tries to coax her away from the edge. Billie continues to stare out to sea, until she is startled by Kat's radio and fearing that she is about to be arrested, she moves closer to the edge of the cliff.[23] Kat lunges towards her to pull her back, but Billie steps to the side at the last minute, causing Kat to go over the edge of the cliff instead. She manages to grab hold of the ledge and calls Billie to help her.[23] Billie eventually manages to pull Kat back over.[24]
In early August 2015, Stephen Downie of TV Week reported that a character would be shot in an upcoming siege storyline and left fighting for their life. Kat was named as one of four potential victims, along with Josh Barrett (Jackson Gallagher), Evelyn MacGuire (Philippa Northeast), and Marilyn Chambers (Emily Symons).[25] The storyline begins with Kat investing local drug dealer Damo Adams (Josh Anderson), after receiving a tip off from Josh Barrett. Kat and her colleagues raid Damo's dorm room and find his stash of drugs and money.[26] Damo finds Josh at his home and uses a cricket bat to smash various objects, scaring Josh. Marilyn sees what is happening through the window and contacts the police.[26] Josh is trying to talk Damo around when Kat enters the house, but Damo pulls Josh into a headlock. Kat tries to coax him into dropping the bat by putting her gun down on a table.[26] When Damo hears police sirens outside, he lunges for the gun and Kat is shot. She is rushed to the hospital where Nate watches on as she is treated.[26]
Charlotte King[edit]
Kat was targeted by Charlotte King, played by Erika Heynatz (pictured), before she began investigating her murder in 2016.
Towards the end of 2015, Kat is targeted by villain Charlotte King (Erika Heynatz). The storyline began with Kat questioning Charlotte about her involvement with Trystan Powell (Ben Mingay), who has been attacked.[27] Days later, Kat finds Charlotte's son Hunter (Scott Lee) by the roadside, after he has been kidnapped and drugged on Trystan's orders.[27] Charlotte later strikes Trystan with her car and tells Kat that he stepped out in front of her. However, when Nate informs Kat that Trystan's injuries are not consistent with Charlotte's story, Kat remembers Trystan had been harassing Charlotte, raising her suspicions. After Trystan dies from his injuries, Kat knows that Charlotte has not been honest with her.[27]
Kat makes it clear that she knows Charlotte deliberately ran Trystan down and will prove it.[28] Charlotte retaliates by spiking Kat's drink at Angelo's, while Kat is in the bathroom. The drug leaves Kat feeling groggy and unsteady. She staggers outside and collapses to the ground, while Charlotte watches on.[28] Kat comes to in her patrol car and realises her gun and handcuffs have been taken. Kat catches the attention of Kyle Braxton (Nic Westaway), before falling unconscious again.[28] Kyle gets Kat to the hospital, where she insists that her blood is checked for drugs. However, the test comes back clear and instead shows that she has a large amount of alcohol in her system.[29] Kat insists that she has been set up, while Kyle also suspects Charlotte is behind the attack.[29]
Kat is suspended for having alcohol in her system while on duty, but she continues to investigate Charlotte.[30] Miller commented, "She starts investigating and she becomes relentless."[30] Kat accesses Charlotte's apartment and finds a travel itinerary for her friend Denny Miller (Jessica Grace Smith), who left the Bay. Kat confronts Charlotte about Denny's connection to Trystan, but Charlotte "coolly pleads her ignorance", leaving Kat to suspect that Charlotte has something to do with Denny.[30] Desperate not to get caught, Charlotte targets Kat again.[30] While Kat is searching through Denny's belongings at the Farmhouse, she is hit from behind by two men and left next to the oven with the gas on. As Kat lies unconscious on the floor, Charlotte receives a message letting her know her problem has been dealt with.[31] Martin Ashford turns up at the Farmhouse and immediately turns the gas off and opens a window. He manages to wake Kat, who later tells Sergeant Emerson that Charlotte organised her attack.[32]
In November 2015, it was announced that either Kat, Charlotte, Hunter or Ash would be shot and killed off during the series finale on 9 December.[33] During the episode, Kat found the evidence she needed to link Charlotte to Denny's death, and then informed Denny's family that Charlotte was responsible.[34] Shortly after, Charlotte was shot at the pier by an unseen culprit, who she knew.[34] Her death sparked a "whodunit" storyline, involving ten suspects.[34] After a few months, the investigation is wound down. However, Kat is still determined to find Charlotte's killer.[35] Miller told Downie (TV Week) "In the back of her mind, Kat feels it's her obligation as a resident of Summer Bay."[35] As she is going through the evidence, Kat makes a discovery that links one of the residents to the murder. Kat arranges to meet the killer at the pier, where Charlotte was shot. Miller said that Kat feels the location will help with her interrogation.[35] The actress added, "She is 100 per cent ready for this confrontation. It's the moment she's been waiting for."[35] In a 90-minute episode broadcast on 5 May 2016, Charlotte's killer was revealed to be Josh Barrett.[36] Kat chooses not to arrest Josh straight away, as his girlfriend Evelyn is grieving the deaths of her brother and aunt, and needs Josh for support.[36]
Dylan Carter[edit]
Actor Jeremy Lindsay Taylor (pictured) joined the cast as Kat's former fiancé Dylan Carter in early 2016.
In early 2016, Detective Dylan Carter (Jeremy Lindsay Taylor) was introduced to the show. A reporter for The Daily Telegraph said he would be mainly interacting with Kat.[37] Dylan comes to the Bay to lead the investigation into Charlotte's murder. It also emerges that he and Kat used to be engaged, but their relationship ended when he mentally and physically abused her.[38] Of their relationship, Lindsay Taylor stated "One of the problems when they were engaged was that Kat has a lot of male friends and he can't deal with that really because of his own insecurities. It's up to him to prove himself, to prove that he has changed."[38] Taylor found the subject of domestic violence tough to explore.[39] He also said that Dylan wants Kat back and lets her know straight away, leaving her to wonder if he took the job to be near her. The actor commented, "He's still deeply in love with her and can't let her go."[39] Kat turns down his invitation to dinner and reminds him of how he used to hit her.[39] During the course of the investigation, Kat and Dylan get back together, which concerns her friends.[38]
After Dylan questions Ash about Charlotte, Ash starts to have doubts about the detective. He realises that Dylan is jealous of his friendship with Kat, and that he ordered Ash's garage to be trashed.[40] Kat also starts to see that Dylan is not the changed man he is pretending to be. Mason pointed out that Kat had "fallen under his spell and thought he'd changed his ways. She tried to forget the past."[40] Kat and Ash soon discover that Dylan paid an ex-con to trash the garage, and that he blackmailed the judge in Zac MacGuire's (Charlie Clausen) trial for Charlotte's murder.[40] Kat tells Dylan that their relationship is over, but an "enraged" Dylan hits Kat, throws her on the bed and tells her the relationship is not done until he says so. Kat then exposes Dylan's blackmail and he is suspended from the force.[40] Kat believes Dylan has left the Bay, unaware that he is hiding in the bushes outside her home. When he sees that Kat is alone, Dylan begs her to reconsider ending their relationship.[41] When he goes to grab her, Kat pushes him to the ground, leaving him in a heap on the floor. Ash then turns up and comforts Kat.[41]
Relationship with Martin Ashford[edit]
Kat and Ash develop feeling for each other and share several kisses. They agree that they cannot start a relationship until they speak with Ash's former partner and Kat's friend, Phoebe Nicholson (Isabella Giovinazzo).[42] Kat and Ash arrange to have dinner with Phoebe, so they can tell her that they are together, but she cancels. Kat and Ash then give into their feelings and Phoebe walks in on them kissing.[42] Phoebe "reluctantly" gives Kat and Ash's relationship her blessing, but feels somewhat betrayed by them.[43] Ash later organises a dinner for himself, Kat, Phoebe and her partner Dom Loneragan (Lindsay Farris). Both Kat and Phoebe are hesitant, but Ash assures them that they need to face what has happened.[43] Kat later ends her relationship with Ash after learning that he knew about car rebirthing at the garage, despite Ash insisting that he will change.[44]
Kat resumes her relationship with Ash a couple of months later, risking her career as her sergeant has warned her against reuniting with him.[45] Kat becomes closer to Ash when she learns he gave drugs to Caroline Stewart (Nicole Shostak). She is initially "furious" with him, but he soon explains that Caroline has Huntington's disease and he could not watch her suffer.[45] Kat realises that she still has strong feelings for Ash and they get back together. However, Kat tells Ash that they have to keep their relationship a secret until she is no longer on probation at work.[45] Kat and Ash's relationship is tested when he wins custody of his young niece Luc Patterson.[46] Kat begins working longer hours in order to bring down a drug dealer and gain a promotion, forcing Ash to care for Luc on his own. Ash calls Kat for help when he cannot settle Luc, but Kat refuses to return to their apartment.[46] Ash makes it known that he feels Kat is putting her work before Luc, and he is "livid" when Kat mentions that she will miss Luc's four-month check-up because she has to work.[46]
Kat and Ash eventually decide to end their relationship, after it becomes strained due to her long work hours and lack of commitment to Ash and Luc.[47] Mason commented that it was "a tough situation" for them both. Ash expects Kat to step up because she loves him, but she does not.[47] When Ash tells Kat that he wants them to adopt Luc, she refuses as she does not want to be a mother and Ash realises their relationship is over. Mason continued, "Ash can't blame Kat for feeling that way, but it hurts him. He'll do whatever is best for Luc."[47] Kat leaves their home and Ash turns to their mutal friend Tori Morgan (Penny McNamee) for support.[47]
Career problems[edit]
Executive producer Lucy Addario wanted to explore how Kat would cope without "the armour of her police uniform" and implemented a story arc in which she resigns from the police force.[48] Miller was told that she would not be wearing make-up for the storyline, although dark circles were added under her eyes. She felt both vulnerable and liberated by the experience, and found it was easier to focus on Kat's pain.[48] On-screen, Kat discovers that Ash knew Andy Barrett (Tai Hara) was rebirthing cars at the garage. When Ash asks her to keep quiet, they argue.[44] Kat starts to feel increasingly guilty that she has abused her position, and following another argument with Ash, she walks off. Ash believes Kat has gone to tell Sergeant Phillip McCarthy (Nicholas Cassim) about the cover up, but instead Kat resigns. Ash finds Kat on the beach, where she has a panic attack.[44] Mason told Ali Cromarty from TV Week that Ash is worried about her state of mind and did not realise how much the cover up was affecting her.[44]
Phoebe persuades Brody Morgan (Jackson Heywood) to give Kat a waitressing job at his restaurant Salt.[49] During Kat's first shift, Ash walks in and expresses his surprise that she has taken a job there. Later that day, Sergeant McCarthy and some of Kat's former colleagues turn up to dine there, embarrassing her. However, Kat continues to work.[49] Nearing the end of her shift, Kat is approached by a customer, Jeremy Glanville (Adam Franklin), who asks her to have a drink with him. Jeremy's bad behaviour grows worse when Phoebe asks him to leave, and he pinches her bottom. He then attempts to grab Kat, who "instinctively" twists his arm behind his back and slams him into the counter.[49] Jeremy soon goes, but the incident leaves both Kat and Phoebe shaken. McCarthy returns to the restaurant to inform Kat that Jeremy has made a complaint, and he places her under arrest for assault.[49] Kat later rejoins the police force on probation.[45] Addario was proud of Miller's performance during the arc, while the actress called it "one of the best storylines I've ever done."[48]
Departure[edit]
In August 2017, news outlets published photos of the cast filming Kat's funeral.[50] Daniel Kilkelly of Digital Spy confirmed that Kat's death would take place during the 2017 season finale.[51] Miller's final scenes as Kat aired on 18 December, with Kat and her unborn child dying after being involved in a car accident.[52] Miller described her last day as "super emotional", and said that it was hard knowing she would not be returning to the set the following week.[52] Of leaving the show, she stated "It feels quite surreal. It was a huge part of my life for three years and I am so proud to have been a part of Home And Away. It has provided me with a really solid foundation and so many skills."[52]
Reception[edit]
For her portrayal of Kat, Miller received a nomination for the Logie Award for Best New Talent in 2016.[53] Ahead of Kat's introduction, Stephen Downie of TV Week commented, "The people of Summer Bay won't want to mess with this tough chick."[3] Of Kat and Nate, Tess Lamacraft of the South Wales Echo observed "the smitten pair can't keep their hands off each other".[54] Helen Vnuk of TV Week included Kat in her feature on soap heroes. She stated that Kat "put her life on the line" during the hostage situation with Josh and Damo.[55] Holly Byrnes, writing for news.com.au, branded Kat "resilient" and a "Summer Bay siren".[48] After Ash was granted custody of Luc, a Sunday Mail reporter noted "it's clear Kat is unhappy".[56]
Sophie Dainty of Digital Spy included Miller in her feature about people who reinvented themselves by appearing in a soap. Dainty praised Miller for successfully moving away from her sex symbol image. Dainty stated, "Policewoman Kat Chapman is strong, intelligent and about to crack Charlotte's murder, throwing any model stereotypes well and truly out the window."[57]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Dennehy, Luke (4 August 2014). "Role on Home and Away means commuting for model Pia Miller and time apart from family". Herald Sun. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Julian (18 March 2017). "Home and Away star celebrates milestone episode". Sunshine Coast Daily. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
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^ Jump up to: a b Kilkelly, Daniel (5 May 2016). "Home and Away spoilers: Who killed Charlotte King? The answer has finally been revealed". Digital Spy. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
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External links[edit]
Kat Chapman at the Official Home and Away website
[hide]
v
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e
Home and Away characters
[show]
Present characters
Martin Ashford
Ben Astoni
Coco Astoni
Maggie Astoni
Ziggy Astoni
Marilyn Chambers
Hunter King
Brody Morgan
Justin Morgan
Mason Morgan
Tori Morgan
Raffy Morrison
John Palmer
Leah Patterson-Baker
Olivia Fraser Richards
Irene Roberts
Alf Stewart
Roo Stewart
[hide]
Past characters
Charlotte Adams
Tasha Andrews
Rachel Armstrong
Billie Ashford
Gina Austin
Xavier Austin
Dan Baker
Andy Barrett
Josh Barrett
Morag Bellingham
Saul Bennett
Sasha Bezmel
Donna Bishop
Shauna Bradley
Casey Braxton
Darryl Braxton
Heath Braxton
Kyle Braxton
Charlie Buckton
Ruby Buckton
Adam Cameron
Annie Campbell
Geoff Campbell
Kat Chapman
Selina Cook
Johnny Cooper
Nate Cooper
Miles Copeland
Lucinda Croft
Drew Curtis
Jazz Curtis
Ric Dalby
Blake Dean
Martin Dibble
Donald Fisher
Simon Fitzgerald
Sally Fletcher
Tom Fletcher
Nicole Franklin
James Fraser
Lachlan Fraser
Brodie Hanson
Chris Harrington
Jack Holden
Lucas Holden
Sam Holden
Tony Holden
Beth Hunter
Kit Hunter
Matilda Hunter
Robbie Hunter
Scott Hunter
Kim Hyde
Emma Jackson
Jett James
Peta Janossi
Aden Jefferies
Elijah Johnson
Melody Jones
Charlotte King
Tamara Kingsley
Jude Lawson
Noah Lawson
Ryan Lee
Evelyn MacGuire
Oscar MacGuire
Zac MacGuire
Martha MacKenzie
Greg Marshall
Sam Marshall
Steven Matheson
Mitch McColl
Jesse McGregor
Floss McPhee
Denny Miller
Roxy Miller
Seb Miller
Casey Mitchell
Grant Mitchell
Frank Morgan
Carly Morris
Liam Murphy
Gypsy Nash
Joel Nash
Natalie Nash
Rebecca Nash
Tom Nash
Travis Nash
Viv Newton
Tug O'Neale
Phoebe Nicholson
Maddy Osborne
Matt Page
Angel Parrish
Nick Parrish
Shane Parrish
Vinnie Patterson
VJ Patterson
Kane Phillips
Alex Poulos
Joey Rainbow
Curtis Reed
Shannon Reed
Harry Reynolds
Chloe Richards
Damian Roberts
Finlay Roberts
Angelo Rosetta
Haydn Ross
Pippa Ross
Angie Russell
Josie Russell
Flynn Saunders
Pippa Saunders
April Scott
Bianca Scott
Ricky Sharpe
Bobby Simpson
Sophie Simpson
Colleen Smart
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Lucy Lee Flippin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lucy Lee Flippin
Born
(1943-07-23) July 23, 1943 (age 74)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Years active
1971-2008
Lucy Lee Flippin (born July 23, 1943) is an American film and television actress.
She is best known for her performance as Eliza Jane Wilder on the TV series Little House on the Prairie. She also played Fran Castleberry, the sister of Polly Holliday's character on the show Flo. Since Little House on the Prairie stopped production, she has appeared in many different television shows and movies, and has performed onstage at Geffen Playhouse in Los Angeles.[1][2] In 1988, she appeared in one episode of The Golden Girls.
She currently lives in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Filmography[edit]
Film
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1971 Telephone Book, TheThe Telephone Book Obscene Phone Caller Three
1976 Front, TheThe Front Nurse
1977 Slap Shot Game Show Contestant (uncredited)
1977 Annie Hall Waitress at Health Food Restaurant
1978 One and Only, TheThe One and Only Agatha Franklen
1978 Goin' South Diane Haber
1983 Flashdance Secretary
1984 Young Lust
1985 Police Academy 2: Their First Assignment Mom in Mercedes
1985 Private Resort Wanda
1987 Summer School Ms. Cura
1988 Bulletproof Sister Mary
1988 Lady in White Grace La Della
1988 Hero and the Terror Media Person
1988 Earth Girls Are Easy Receptionist
1989 My Mom's a Werewolf Murse Mammosa
1993 Perfect World, AA Perfect World Lucy
1995 Mother Chloe Video
1996 Ladykiller Mrs. Morlock
1996 Shoot the Moon Miss Fellman
1997 Venus Envy Mary
1999 Soccer Dog: The Movie Mrs. Kale
2001 Rat Race Feed the Earth Spokeswoman
2002 King, TheThe King Grandma Short film
2004 Little Black Book Daughter
2005 Whigmaleerie Lili Dubois
2007 Urban Decay Wam Lady
2008 Prairie Fever Faith Video
Television
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1976 Bob Newhart Show, TheThe Bob Newhart Show Darva Episode: "The Slammer"
1976 Edge of Night, TheThe Edge of Night Miranda Price TV series
1977 Mary Jane Harper Cried Last Night Mother in Park TV movie
1978 Thou Shalt Not Commit Adultery TV movie
1979 Ropers, TheThe Ropers Hilda Episode: "The Family Planning"
1979 Portrait of a Stripper Lori TV movie
1979-1982 Little House on the Prairie Eliza Jane Wilder 18 episodes
1980-1981 Flo Fran Castleberry 23 episodes
1983 Philip Marlowe, Private Eye Mrs. Yeager Episode: "The Pencil"
1984 Newhart Bassett Hound Lady Episode: "Vermont Today"
1984 Alice Dotty Episode: "Space Sharples"
1985 Scarecrow and Mrs. King Inez Faber Episode: "A Lovely Little Affair"
1985 Amazing Stories Librarian Episode: "Mummy Daddy"
1986 Last Precinct, TheThe Last Precinct Officer Rina Starland 8 episodes
1986 Mr. Belvedere Wilmadean Episode: "Halloween"
1986 Moonlighting Julie Episode: "It's a Wonderful Job"
1987 Santa Barbara Martha Episode: "1.803"
1987 Small Wonder Cynthia Jennings Episode: "Bride and Groom"
1988 Golden Girls, TheThe Golden Girls Nancy Episode: "Grab That Dough"
1988 Small Wonder Cynthia Jennings Episode: "When You Hear the Beep"
1989 Small Wonder Cynthia Jennings Episode: "Vicki Doolittle"
1989 Full House Ms. Agbabian Episode: "Back to School Blues"
1989 Billy Crystal: Midnight Train to Moscow TV movie
1989 Mr. Belvedere Doris Putnam Episode: "A Happy Guy's Christmas"
1990 Adam-12 Woman at Pet Store Episode: "A Gang of Two"
1990 Return to Green Acres Flo Dawson TV movie
1990 Hogan Family, TheThe Hogan Family Ms. Palmer Episode: "The Play's the Thing"
1990 Munsters Today, TheThe Munsters Today Natasha Jones Episode: "Kiss Kiss"
1991 Babes Becky Episode: "Hello, Dolly"
1991 Eerie, Indiana Nurse Nancy Episode "Just Say No Fun"
1996 Beverly Hills, 90210 Library Manager Episode: "Remember the Alamo"
1999 ER Woman with roach in ear Episode: "Responsible Parties"
2000 Charmed Helen Episode: "How to Make a Quilt Out of Americans"
2001 Black Scorpion Female Juror Episode: "Crime Time"
2001 Mind of the Married Man, TheThe Mind of the Married Man Episode: "The God of Marriage"
2002 Judging Amy Flo Episode: "Boston Terriers from France"
2005 Still Standing Betty Episode: "Still Not the One"
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Home
Jump up ^ A CurtainUp Los AngelesReview: Merton of the Movies
External links[edit]
Lucy Lee Flippin on IMDb

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