text:
Death row
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Death row (disambiguation).
The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (August 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Death row is a special section of a prison in the United States, that houses inmates who are awaiting execution after being sentenced to death for the conviction of a capital crime. Thirty-one of its 50 states and the federal government authorize this penalty.[1]
"Death row" is a term also used figuratively to describe the state of awaiting execution ("being on death row"), even in places where no special facility or separate unit for condemned inmates exists.
Contents
[hide]
1 United States
2 Other nations
3 Death rows in the United States via State
4 Death row locations in the United States
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
United States[edit]
Louisiana and several other states hold people on death row in solitary confinement and extreme isolation, in windowless cells 23 hours a day, with virtually no human contact except with guards. Such prisoners are not allowed to take part in any educational or work programs. Opponents of capital punishment claim that a prisoner's extreme social isolation on death row and uncertainty over his or her fate constitute a form of mental cruelty. Long-time death row inmates are liable to become mentally ill, if they are not already. This is referred to as the death row phenomenon. In extreme cases some inmates may attempt to commit suicide.
In March 2017, three men on death row at Angola Prison in Louisiana filed a federal class-action suit against the state Department of Corrections and prison for its policy of placing prisoners sentenced to death in solitary confinement. Each man had been held in solitary more than 25 years. Angola has 71 prisoners on death row, but the state has executed a small proportion of such prisoners, "fewer than 12 percent over the last 30 years."[2] So inmates sentenced to death may serve nearly life in solitary.
In the United States, prisoners may wait many years as they appeal their convictions or sentences. The time between sentencing and execution has increased relatively steadily from 1977, when some states reinstated their death penalties through new legislation, to 2010. The time to execution increased between 2008 and 2009, as the Supreme Court had suspended all executions from 2007 to 2008, when it was studying the constitutionality of lethal injection as a method of execution.
Another factor since then has been the rise of non-profit law firms, the Innocence Project, and pro bono lawyers, often in association with centers at university law schools, who have provided counsel to death row inmates. In some cases they have gained full exoneration; in others they have gained new trials or resentencing, including commutation of death sentences to life in prison or time served. In 2010, a death row inmate waited an average of 178 months (roughly 15 years) between sentencing and execution.[3] Nearly a quarter of inmates on death row in the U.S. die of natural causes while awaiting execution or appealing their cases.[4]
Supreme Court Justices opposing the death penalty such as Justice Stevens and Justice Breyer have at multiple times argued in their dissents that the delays and waiting on death row was a factor making capital punishment unconstitutional as a cruel and unusual punishment. Their views were rejected by concurring opinions from more conservatives justices such as Justice Scalia and Justice Thomas, who said that these long delays were caused by the convicts themselves and by "Justices opposed to the death penalty."[5][6]
Other nations[edit]
The United States is the only Western country that applies the death penalty and conducts executions.[7] Other industrialized and developed nations that apply the death penalty are Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. South Korea has a law for the death penalty, but has declared a moratorium on executions.
When the United Kingdom had capital punishment, sentenced inmates were given one appeal. If that appeal was found to involve an important point of law, it was taken up to the House of Lords. If the appeal was successful, at that point the sentence was changed to life in prison.[8] The Home Secretary in the United Kingdom had the power to exercise the Sovereign's royal prerogative of mercy to grant a reprieve on execution and change the sentence to life imprisonment.
Death rows in the United States via State[edit]
United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute houses the male death row prisoners sentenced by the U.S. federal government
San Quentin State Prison in California houses the male death row prisoners sentenced by the state
Allan B. Polunsky Unit in Texas houses the male death row prisoners sentenced by the state
Louisiana State Penitentiary houses the male death row prisoners sentenced by the state
The Mississippi State Penitentiary, which houses male death row prisoners sentenced by the State of Mississippi
Oklahoma State Penitentiary, which houses male death row prisoners sentenced by the state of Oklahoma
There were 3,125 people on death row in the United States on January 1, 2013.[9]
As of 2010, California (683), Florida (390), Texas (330) and Pennsylvania (218) housed more than half of all inmates pending on death row.[10][11] A shortage of execution drugs, due to European pharmaceutical companies refusing to have their products used for such purpose, has led to or influenced decisions to suspend executions in Arkansas, California, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Montana, Nevada, North Carolina, and Tennessee.[12]
As of 2008, the longest-serving prisoner on death row in the US who has been executed was Jack Alderman, who served more than 33 years. He was executed in Georgia in 2008.[10]
Gary Alvord was placed on Florida's death row in 1974. On April 9, 2013, Alvord had been on death row for exactly 39 years; he died on May 19, 2013, from a brain tumor. He had been on death row longer than any other United States inmate.[13] The oldest prisoner on death row in the United States was Leroy Nash, age 94, in Arizona. He died of natural causes on February 12, 2010.[14]
Death row locations in the United States[edit]
See also: Capital punishment in the United States
Men's death row
Women's death row
Civilian Federal United States Penitentiary, Terre Haute, Terre Haute, Indiana[15] Federal Medical Center, Carswell, Fort Worth, Texas[16][17][18]
Military United States Disciplinary Barracks, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas Naval Consolidated Brig, Miramar, San Diego, California1
State
Men's death row
Women's death row
Alabama Holman Correctional Facility, Atmore[19] and William E. Donaldson Correctional Facility, Bessemer [20] Julia Tutwiler Prison for Women[21]
Arizona Arizona State Prison Complex - Eyman[22] Arizona State Prison Complex - Perryville[22]
Arkansas Varner Unit[23] McPherson Unit[24]
California San Quentin State Prison[25] Central California Women’s Facility[25]
Colorado No designated death row
Currently all DR prisoners are at Sterling Correctional Facility[26] Colorado Women's Correctional Facility[citation needed]
Delaware James T. Vaughn Correctional Center[27] Delores J. Baylor Women's Correctional Institution[27]
Florida Union Correctional Institution and Florida State Prison[28] Lowell Correctional Institution Annex[28]
Georgia Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison, Butts County[29] Arrendale State Prison, Habersham County[30]
Idaho Idaho Maximum Security Institution, Boise Pocatello Women's Correctional Center, Pocatello
Indiana Indiana State Prison, Michigan City Indiana Women's Prison, Indianapolis
Kansas El Dorado Correctional Facility, El Dorado Topeka Correctional Facility, Topeka
Kentucky Kentucky State Penitentiary, Eddyville[31] Kentucky Correctional Institute for Women, Peewee Valley[32]
Louisiana Louisiana State Penitentiary, unincorporated West Feliciana Parish[33] Louisiana Correctional Institute for Women, St. Gabriel[34]
Mississippi Mississippi State Penitentiary, Sunflower County[35] Central Mississippi Correctional Facility[35]
Missouri Potosi Correctional Center[36] Women's Eastern Reception, Diagnostic and Correctional Center[citation needed]
Montana Montana State Prison, Deer Lodge Montana Women's Prison, Billings
Nebraska Tecumseh State Correctional Institution, Tecumseh Nebraska Correctional Center for Women, York
Nevada Ely State Prison, Ely[37] Florence McClure Women's Correctional Center, North Las Vegas[38]
New Hampshire New Hampshire State Prison for Men, Concord New Hampshire State Prison for Women, Goffstown
New Mexico Penitentiary of New Mexico, Santa Fe County New Mexico Women's Correctional Facility, Grants
North Carolina Central Prison, Raleigh[39] North Carolina Correctional Institution for Women, Raleigh[39]
Ohio Chillicothe Correctional Institution, Chillicothe,[40] Ohio State Penitentiary, Youngstown[40] and Franklin Medical Center, Columbus[40] Ohio Reformatory for Women, Marysville[40]
Oklahoma Oklahoma State Penitentiary, McAlester Mabel Bassett Correctional Center, Oklahoma City
Oregon Oregon State Penitentiary, Salem[41] Coffee Creek Correctional Facility, Wilsonville[41]
Pennsylvania SCI-Greene, Franklin Township
and Skippack Township (SCI Graterford)[42] SCI-Muncy, Clinton Township[42]
South Carolina Lieber Correctional Institution, Ridgeville[43] Camille Griffin Graham Correctional Institution, Columbia[44]
South Dakota South Dakota State Penitentiary, Sioux Falls South Dakota Women's Prison, Pierre
Tennessee Riverbend Maximum Security Institution, Nashville[45] and Morgan County Correctional Complex, Wartburg[45] Tennessee Prison for Women, Nashville[45]
Texas Polunsky Unit, West Livingston[46][47] Mountain View Unit, Gatesville[47]
Utah Utah State Prison, Draper Central Utah Correctional Facility, Gunnison
Virginia Sussex I State Prison, Sussex County[48][49] Fluvanna Correctional Center for Women, Troy[50][51]
Washington Washington State Penitentiary, Walla Walla[52] Washington Corrections Center for Women, Gig Harbor[52]
Wyoming Wyoming State Penitentiary, Rawlins Wyoming Women's Center, Lusk
Notes: 1Naval Consolidated Brig, Miramar is the only facility in the United States Department of Defense designated to house female Level III inmates.
See also[edit]
Criminal justice portal
Law portal
Live from Death Row
The Green Mile
The Chamber
Dead Man Walking
Capital punishment
List of United States death row inmates
List of women on death row in the United States
Execution chamber
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Death penalty repeal officially on hold until 2016 election". omaha.com. Archived from the original on June 11, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ LIAM STACK, "3 Men on Death Row in Louisiana Sue Over Solitary Confinement", New York Times, 30 March 2017; accessed 30 March 2017
Jump up ^ "Department of Justice: Capital Punishment, 2010 Figures". Journalist's Resource.org.
Jump up ^ United States Department of Justice
Jump up ^ "BAZE et al. v. REES, COMMISSIONER, KENTUCKY DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS, et al.". law.cornell.edu. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "GLOSSIP et al. v. GROSS et al.". law.cornell.edu. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Leigh B. Bienen (201). Murder and Its Consequences: Essays on Capital Punishment in America (2 ed.). Northwestern University Press. p. 143. ISBN 978-0-8101-2697-8.
Jump up ^ "History of Capital Punishment".
Jump up ^ http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/documents/FactSheet.pdf
^ Jump up to: a b Jack Alderman Executed
Jump up ^ "Death penalty flux". March 23, 2015. Retrieved April 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ Algar, Clare (October 22, 2013). "Big Pharma May Help End The Death Penalty". The New Republic.
Jump up ^ "A man too crazy to be executed". Tampa Bay Times.
Jump up ^ "BBC News - Oldest US death row inmate dies aged 94". news.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-11-01.
Jump up ^ "Special Confinement Unit Opens at USP Terre Haute Archived 2010-12-03 at the Wayback Machine.." Federal Bureau of Prisons. July 13, 1999. Retrieved on October 3, 2010.
Jump up ^ Marshall, John. "Lisa Montgomery gets death penalty for killing pregnant woman." Associated Press at the Southeast Missourian. Friday April 4, 2008. Retrieved on October 3, 2010. "Department of Justice spokesman Don Ledford said Montgomery will likely be sent to the Federal Medical Center Carswell in Fort Worth, Texas, a women's correctional facility that has medical services for inmates."
Jump up ^ "Lisa M Montgomery." Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved on October 3, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Angela Johnson." Federal Bureau of Prisons. Retrieved on October 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Annual Report Fiscal Year 2003." Alabama Department of Corrections. 33/84. Retrieved on August 15, 2010. "which also included a cellblock for 20 death row inmates."
Jump up ^ "Annual Report Fiscal Year 2003." Alabama Department of Corrections. 21/84. Retrieved on August 15, 2010. "Donaldson has a death row unit with a capacity of 24 inmates."
Jump up ^ "Annual Report Fiscal Year 2003." Alabama Department of Corrections. 45/84. Retrieved on August 15, 2010. "Tutwiler also has a death row,"
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Row Information and Frequently Asked Questions." Arizona Department of Corrections. Retrieved on February 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ "State Capitol Week in Review." State of Arkansas. June 13, 2008. Retrieved on August 15, 2010. "Executions are carried out in the Cummins Unit, which is adjacent to Varner."
Jump up ^ Haddigan, Michael. "They Kill Women, Don't They?" Arkansas Times. April 9, 1999. Retrieved on August 15, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "History of Capital Punishment in California Archived July 24, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.." California Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 16, 2010. "All male prisoners on condemned status are housed at a maximum-security custody level in three units at San Quentin State Prison. Females are housed in a maximum-security unit at Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla."
Jump up ^ "Death Row FAQ." (Archive) Colorado Department of Corrections. Retrieved on April 19, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Row Fact Sheet Archived 2010-08-18 at the Wayback Machine.." Delaware Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Row Fact Sheet." Florida Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 15, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison Archived 2010-04-23 at the Wayback Machine.." Georgia Department of Corrections. Retrieved on July 18, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Inmates Under Death Sentence January 1, 2012 Changes to UDS Population During 2011." (Archive) Georgia Department of Corrections. Retrieved on November 18, 2012.
Jump up ^ Barrouquere, Brett. "Inmate challenges sedatives used in lethal injections Wilson also claims state doesn't provide enough information to inmates." The Harlan Daily Enterprise. November 24, 2007. Retrieved on September 8, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Kentucky State Penitentiary Prepares For 165th Execution Archived 2011-09-28 at the Wayback Machine.." WLKY. Retrieved on September 8, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Life After Death Row." CBS News. April 25, 2010. Retrieved on August 16, 2010. "Rideau was sent to Louisiana's Angola Prison, where he spent a decade waiting to be executed."
Jump up ^ "Louisiana Correctional Institute for Women Archived 2010-09-24 at the Wayback Machine.." Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections. Retrieved on August 16, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Division of Institutions State Prisons." Mississippi Department of Corrections. April 21, 2010. Retrieved on May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ Lombardi, George, Richard D. Sluder, and Donald Wallace. "The Management of Death-Sentenced Inmates: Issues, Realities, and Innovative Strategies Archived 2010-05-27 at the Wayback Machine.." Missouri Department of Corrections. 8-9. Retrieved on September 18, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Organization Archived 2010-05-27 at the Wayback Machine.." Nevada Department of Corrections. Retrieved on September 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Lone woman on Nevada's death row dies in prison ." Associated Press at North County Times. January 31, 2005. Retrieved on September 5, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Row and Death Watch." North Carolina Department of Correction. Retrieved on September 1, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "CCI death row receives final inmates Archived 2015-07-14 at the Wayback Machine.." Chillicothe Gazette. Retrieved on February 2, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Capital Punishment in Oregon." Oregon Department of Corrections. Retrieved on December 28, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Penalty FAQ." Pennsylvania Department of Corrections. 2 (2/4). Retrieved on July 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Death Row/Capital Punishment." South Carolina Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 17, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Graham (Camille Griffin) Correctional Institution." South Carolina Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 17, 2010. "The institution also functions as a major special management unit with the ability to house female death row inmates and county safekeepers."
^ Jump up to: a b c "Death Row Facts." Tennessee Department of Correction. Retrieved on August 25, 2010.
Jump up ^ "West Livingston CDP, Texas Archived June 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on May 9, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Row Facts Archived August 6, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.." Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Retrieved on August 15, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Sussex I State Prison." Virginia Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ "DOC Appoints New Warden at Sussex I State Prison." Virginia Department of Corrections. March 9, 2006. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Virginia Death Row/Execution Facts." My FOX DC. Tuesday November 10, 2009. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fluvanna Correctional Center for Women (female institution)." Virginia Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 22, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Capital Punishment in Washington State." Washington Department of Corrections. Retrieved on August 26, 2010.
External links[edit]
Death Row Conditions: Death Penalty Worldwide Academic research database on the laws, practice, and statistics of capital punishment for every death penalty country in the world.
[show]
v
t
e
Capital punishment
Retentionist countries
Afghanistan
Bahamas
Bangladesh
Belarus
Botswana
China
Cuba
Egypt
Guatemala
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Lebanon
Malaysia
Nigeria
North Korea
Pakistan
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Somalia
Syria
Taiwan
Thailand
United Arab Emirates
United States
Vietnam
Yemen
Abolitionist in practice
countries
Kenya
Laos
Maldives
Russia
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Tajikistan
Tonga
Abolitionist for
ordinary crimes only
Brazil
Israel
Abolitionist countries
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Belgium
Bhutan
Bulgaria
Canada
Croatia
Cyprus
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia
Mexico
Mongolia
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Romania
San Marino
Serbia
South Africa
Spain
Suriname
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Uzbekistan
Venezuela
Current methods
Hanging
Shooting/Firing squad
Lethal injection
Electrocution
Gas inhalation
Beheading
Ancient methods
Bestiarii
Damnatio ad bestias
Blood eagle
Blowing from a gun
Brazen bull
Boiling
Breaking wheel
Burial
Burning
Crushing
Disembowelment
Dismemberment
Drowning
Republican marriage
Elephant
Falling
Flaying
Garrote
Hanged, drawn and quartered
Immurement
Impalement
Ishikozume
Mazzatello
Sawing
Scaphism
Slow slicing
Stoning
Suffocation in ash
Upright jerker
Waist chop
Related topics
Use by country
Most recent executions by country
Crime
Death row
Final statement
Last meal
Penology
Religion and capital punishment
Wrongful execution
Capital punishment for drug trafficking
[show]
v
t
e
Incarceration
Science
Correctional medicine
Criminology
Penology
Punishment
Stanford prison experiment
Prisoners
Criminal
Detainee
Hostage
Political prisoner
Prisoner of conscience
Prisoner of war
Slave
Prisons
Types
Black site
Dark
Debtors'
Extermination camp
Farm
Internment
Labor camp
Military
Penal colony
Corrective labor colony
Prisoner-of-war camp
Private
Ship
Youth detention center
Security levels
Administrative detention
Death row
Maximum security
Open
Supermax
Components
Cell
Solitary confinement
Commissary
Cemetery
Food
Library
Nursery
Officer
Warden
Sally port
Superintendent
Trusty system
Escape
List of prison escapes
Helicopter prison escapes
Prisoner-of-war escapes
Culture
Film
Gang (United States)
Handball
Literature
Blogs
American
Prison ring
Slang
Tattooing
Social issues
Abuse (United States)
Contemplative programs
Solitary confinement
Education
LGBT people
Mentally ill people in the United States
Mobile phones
Pay-to-stay
Overcrowding
Private prisons
Rape (United States)
Religion (United States)
Riots
Sexuality
Strikes
Suicide
Protective custody
Women in prison (United States)
Organizations
International Network of Prison Ministries
African Prisons Project
Florida Justice Institute
POA (trade union)
Prison abolition movement
Prison Advice and Care Trust
Prison Fellowship
Prison Fellowship International
Prison Legal News
Prison Officers' Association (Ireland)
Prison Radio
Prison Reform Trust
Prison University Project
The Prison Phoenix Trust
WriteAPrisoner.com
Leaving prison
Escape
Rehabilitation
Work release
Lists
Countries by incarceration rate
Prisons
By country
Australia
China
Chile
Estonia
Germany
India
Ireland
Jamaica
Japan
North Korea
Russia
Soviet Union
Gulag
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
United States
Imprisonment and detention
Commons
Criminal justice portal
[show]
v
t
e
Death
Outline
In medicine
Cell death
Necrosis
Avascular necrosis
Coagulative necrosis
Liquefactive necrosis
Gangrenous necrosis
Caseous necrosis
Fat necrosis
Fibrinoid necrosis
Temporal lobe necrosis
Programmed cell death
AICD
Anoikis
Apoptosis
Autophagy
Intrinsic apoptosis
Necroptosis
Paraptosis
Parthanatos
Phenoptosis
Pseudoapoptosis
Pyroptosis
Autolysis
Autoschizis
Eschar
Immunogenic cell death
Ischemic cell death
Pyknosis
Karyorrhexis
Karyolysis
Mitotic catastrophe
Suicide gene
Abortion
Autopsy
Brain death
Brainstem death
Clinical death
DOA
Death by natural causes
Death rattle
Dysthanasia
End-of-life care
Euthanasia
Lazarus sign
Lazarus syndrome
Medical definition of death
Organ donation
Terminal illness
Unnatural death
Lists
Causes of death by rate
Expressions related to death
Natural disasters
People by cause of death
Premature obituaries
Preventable causes of death
Notable deaths by year
Unusual deaths
TV actors who died during production
Mortality
Birthday effect
Child mortality
Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality
Immortality
Biological
Digital
Infant mortality
Karōshi
Maternal death
Maternal mortality in fiction
Memento mori
Micromort
Mortality displacement
Mortality rate
RAMR
Mortality salience
Perinatal mortality
After death
Body
Stages
Pallor mortis
Algor mortis
Rigor mortis
Livor mortis
Putrefaction
Decomposition
Skeletonization
Fossilization
Preservation
Cryopreservation
Cryonics
Neuropreservation
Embalming
Maceration
Mummification
Plastination
Prosection
Taxidermy
Disposal
Burial
Bed burial
Burial at sea
Chariot burial
Jar burial
Natural burial
Premature burial
Secondary burial
Ship burial
Sky burial
Space burial
Cannibalism
Cremation
Dismemberment
Excarnation
Promession
Resomation
Beating heart cadaver
Body donation
Cadaveric spasm
Coffin birth
Death erection
Dissection
Gibbeting
Postmortem Caloricity
Post-mortem interval
Other aspects
Afterlife
Cemetery
Consciousness
Customs
Death mask
Eternal oblivion
Examination
Funeral
Grief
Intermediate state
Internet
Mourning
Obituary
Resurrection
Taboo on the dead
Vigil
Paranormal
Ghosts
Near-death experience
Near-death studies
Necromancy
Out-of-body experience
Reincarnation research
Séance
Legal
Abortion law
Administration
Capital punishment
Cause of death
Civil death
Coroner
Death-qualified jury
Death certificate
Declared death in absentia
Death row
Dying declaration
Faked death
Inquest
Legal death
Murder
Prohibition of death
Right to die
Suspicious death
Trust law
Will
Fields
Forensic pathology
Funeral director
Mortuary science
Necrobiology
Post-mortem chemistry
Post-mortem photography
Taphonomy
Biostratinomy
Thanatology
Other
Apparent death
Dark tourism
Darwin Awards
Dead pool
Death and culture
Death anniversary
Death anxiety
Death deity
Personification of death
Dying-and-rising god
Psychopomp
Death camp
Death drive
Death education
Death from laughter
Death hoax
Death knell
Death march
Death messenger
Death notification
Death panel
Death poem
Death pose
Death squad
Death threat
Death trajectory
Dignified death
Extinction
Fan death
Festival of the Dead
Fascination with death
Homicide
Information-theoretic death
Last rites
Martyr
Megadeath
Museum of Death
Necronym
Necrophilia
Necrophobia
The Order of the Good Death
Predation
Sacrifice
human
animal
Spiritual death
Suicide
Assisted suicide
Thanatosensitivity
Undead
Voodoo death
Category
Portal
WikiProject
Authority control
NDL: 01181020
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Death_row&oldid=802520156"
Categories:
Prisoners sentenced to death
Capital punishment
Penology
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Articles with limited geographic scope from August 2015
USA-centric
Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010
Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Bân-lâm-gú
Deutsch
Español
Euskara
Français
한국어
Italiano
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Português
Simple English
Türkçe
粵語
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 September 2017, at 17:50.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Death_row_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Death row (disambiguation)

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href title

values: Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias

value: b

attrs: class href

value: span

value: i

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-globalize

values:
/wiki/Prison_in_the_United_States
mw-redirect
Prison in the United States

values:
/wiki/US_federal_government
mw-redirect
US federal government

values:
/wiki/Mental_cruelty
mw-redirect
Mental cruelty

values:
/wiki/Mental_illness
mw-redirect
Mental illness

values:
/wiki/Angola_Prison
mw-redirect
Angola Prison

values:
/wiki/Class-action_suit
mw-redirect
Class-action suit

values:
/wiki/Justice_Stevens
mw-redirect
Justice Stevens

values:
/wiki/Justice_Breyer
mw-redirect
Justice Breyer

values:
/wiki/Justice_Scalia
mw-redirect
Justice Scalia

values: Secretary of State for the Home Department

values: Edit section: Death rows in the United States via State

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/U.S._federal_government
mw-redirect
U.S. federal government

values: Edit section: Death row locations in the United States

values: Capital punishment by the United States federal government

values: Capital punishment by the United States military

values: William E. Donaldson Correctional Facility

values: Arizona State Prison Complex - Perryville

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2010)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: List of individuals executed in Delaware

values: Delores J. Baylor Women's Correctional Institution (page does not exist)

values: Georgia Diagnostic and Classification Prison

values: List of individuals executed in Kentucky

values: Kentucky Correctional Institute for Women

values:
/wiki/Peewee_Valley,_Kentucky
mw-redirect
Peewee Valley, Kentucky

values: Louisiana Correctional Institute for Women

values: List of individuals executed in Mississippi

values: Central Mississippi Correctional Facility

values: List of individuals executed in Missouri

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2010)

values: Florence McClure Women's Correctional Center

values: List of individuals executed in New Mexico

values: New Mexico Women's Correctional Facility

values: List of individuals executed in North Carolina

values:
/wiki/Franklin_Medical_Center
mw-redirect
Franklin Medical Center

values: List of individuals executed in Pennsylvania

values: Franklin Township, Greene County, Pennsylvania

values: Skippack Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania

values: State Correctional Institution - Graterford

values: Clinton Township, Lycoming County, Pennsylvania

values: List of individuals executed in South Carolina

values: Camille Griffin Graham Correctional Institution

values: South Dakota Women's Prison (page does not exist)

values: List of individuals executed in Tennessee

values:
/wiki/Polunsky_Unit
mw-redirect
Polunsky Unit

values: List of individuals executed in Virginia

values:
/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Washington
mw-redirect
Capital punishment in Washington

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: List of women on death row in the United States

values:
nofollow
http://www.dc.state.fl.us/oth/deathrow/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.doc.nv.gov/organization.php

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.doc.sc.gov/news/deathrow.jsp

values: South Carolina Department of Corrections

values:
/wiki/U.S._Census_Bureau
mw-redirect
U.S. Census Bureau

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Capital punishment in Saint Kitts and Nevis

values: Capital punishment in the United Arab Emirates

values: Capital punishment in the Republic of Macedonia

values: Capital punishment in the United Kingdom

values: List of most recent executions by jurisdiction

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Dark_prison
mw-redirect
Dark prison

values: Mentally ill people in United States jails and prisons

values: Incarceration of women in the United States

values: International Network of Prison Ministries

values:
/wiki/Prisons_in_Australia
mw-redirect
Prisons in Australia

values:
/wiki/Prisons_in_China
mw-redirect
Prisons in China

values:
/wiki/Prisons_in_Jamaica
mw-redirect
Prisons in Jamaica

values:
/wiki/Prisons_in_Japan
mw-redirect
Prisons in Japan

values:
/wiki/Prisons_in_the_UK
mw-redirect
Prisons in the UK

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: navigation navbox Incarceration padding:3px

values:
/wiki/Medical_definition_of_death
mw-redirect
Medical definition of death

values: List of television actors who died during production

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Articles with limited geographic scope from August 2015

values: Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Death_row
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: طابور الإعدام – Arabic

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodencel
Dodencel – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Death_row rootpage-Death_row vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Posse Comitatus Act
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the Posse Comitatus Act in the United States. For other uses of posse comitatus, see Posse comitatus.
Posse Comitatus Act
Other short titles
Knott Amendment
Posse Comitatus Act of 1878
Long title
An act making appropriations for the support of the Army for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, eighteen hundred and seventy-nine, and for other purposes.
Nicknames
Army Appropriations Act of 1878
Enacted by
the 45th United States Congress
Effective
June 18, 1878
Citations
Public law
45-263
Statutes at Large
20 Stat. 145 aka 20 Stat. 152
Codification
U.S.C. sections created
18 U.S.C. § 1385
Legislative history
Introduced in the House as H.R. 4867 by Herman L. Humphrey (R-WI), William Kimmel (D-MD) on May 13, 1878
Passed the House on May 18, 1878 (130–117)
Passed the Senate on June 6, 1878 (36–23)
Reported by the joint conference committee on June 15, 1878; agreed to by the House on June 15, 1878 (154–58) and by the Senate on June 15, 1878 (Agreed)
Signed into law by President Rutherford B. Hayes on June 18, 1878
Major amendments
1956, 1981
The Posse Comitatus Act is a United States federal law (18 U.S.C. § 1385, original at 20 Stat. 152) signed on June 18, 1878 by President Rutherford B. Hayes. The purpose of the act – in concert with the Insurrection Act of 1807 – is to limit the powers of the federal government in using federal military personnel to enforce domestic policies within the United States. It was passed as an amendment to an army appropriation bill following the end of Reconstruction, and was subsequently updated in 1956 and 1981.
The act only specifically applies to the United States Army and, as amended in 1956, the United States Air Force. While the act does not explicitly mention the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps, the Department of the Navy has prescribed regulations that are generally construed to give the act force with respect to those services as well. The act does not apply to the Army National Guard or the Air National Guard under state authority from acting in a law enforcement capacity within its home state or in an adjacent state if invited by that state's governor. The United States Coast Guard, which operates under the Department of Homeland Security, is not covered by the Posse Comitatus Act either, primarily because although the Coast Guard is an armed service, it also has both a maritime law enforcement mission and a federal regulatory agency mission.
The title of the act comes from the legal concept of posse comitatus, the authority under which a county sheriff, or other law officer, conscripts any able-bodied man to assist her or him in keeping the peace.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Legislation
2.1 Recent legislative events
3 Exclusions and limitations
3.1 Exclusion applicable to U.S. Coast Guard
3.2 Advisory and support roles
4 See also
5 References
6 Further reading
7 External links
History[edit]
The Act, § 15 of the appropriations bill for the Army for 1879, found at 20 Stat. 152, was a response to, and subsequent prohibition of, the military occupation of the former Confederate States by the United States Army during the twelve years of Reconstruction (1865–1877) following the American Civil War (1861–1865). The president withdrew federal troops from the Southern States as a result of a compromise in one of the most disputed national elections in American history, the 1876 U.S. presidential election. Samuel J. Tilden of New York, the Democratic candidate, defeated Republican candidate Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio in the popular vote. Tilden garnered 184 electoral votes to Hayes' 165; 20 disputed electoral votes remained uncounted. After a bitter fight, Congress struck a deal resolving the dispute and awarded the presidency to Hayes.
In return for Southern acquiescence regarding Hayes, Republicans agreed to support the withdrawal of federal troops from the former Confederate States, formally ending Reconstruction. Known as the Compromise of 1877, South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana agreed to certify Rutherford B. Hayes as the president in exchange for the removal of federal troops from the South.[1]
The U.S. Constitution places primary responsibility for the holding of elections in the hands of the individual states. The maintenance of peace, conduct of orderly elections, and prosecution of unlawful actions are all state responsibilities, pursuant of any state's role of exercising police power and maintaining law and order, whether part of a wider federation or a unitary state. During the local, state, and federal elections of 1874 and 1876 in the former Confederate States, all levels of government chose not to exercise their police powers to maintain law and order.[1] Some historians have concluded most Reconstruction governments did not have the power to suppress the violence.
When the U.S. representatives and senators from the former Confederate States reached Washington, they set as a priority legislation to prohibit any future president or Congress from directing, by military order or federal legislation, the imposition of federal troops in any U.S. state. By the 1878 election, Congress was dominated by the Democratic Party, and they passed the Posse Comitatus Act in 1878.
In the mid-20th century, the administration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower used an exception to the Posse Comitatus Act, derived from the Enforcement Acts, to send federal troops into Little Rock, Arkansas, during the 1957 school desegregation crisis. The Arkansas governor had opposed desegregation after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1954 in the Brown v. Board of Education that segregated public schools were unconstitutional. The Enforcement Acts, among other powers, allow the president to call up military forces when state authorities are either unable or unwilling to suppress violence that is in opposition to the constitutional rights of the people.[2]
The original Posse Comitatus Act referred essentially to the United States Army. The United States Air Force, which had been incorporated within the Army inside the U.S. (and the Navy outside) until 1949, was added in 1956. This law is often relied upon to prevent the Department of Defense from interfering in domestic law enforcement.[3] The United States Coast Guard is not included in the act even though it is one of the five armed services because it is not a part of the Department of Defense. At the time the act became law, the modern Coast Guard did not exist. Its predecessor, the United States Revenue Cutter Service, was primarily a customs enforcement agency and part of the United States Department of the Treasury.[4] In 1915, when the Revenue Cutter Service and the United States Lifesaving Service were amalgamated to form the Coast Guard, the service was both explicitly made a military branch and explicitly given federal law enforcement authority.
Legislation[edit]
The original provision was enacted as Section 15 of chapter 263, of the Acts of the 2nd session of the 45th Congress.
Sec. 15. From and after the passage of this act it shall not be lawful to employ any part of the Army of the United States, as a posse comitatus, or otherwise, for the purpose of executing the laws, except in such cases and under such circumstances as such employment of said force may be expressly authorized by the Constitution or by act of Congress; and no money appropriated by this act shall be used to pay any of the expenses incurred in the employment of any troops in violation of this section and any person willfully violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall be punished by fine not exceeding ten thousand dollars or imprisonment not exceeding two years or by both such fine and imprisonment[5]
The text of the relevant legislation is as follows:
18 U.S.C. § 1385. Use of Army and Air Force as posse comitatus
Whoever, except in cases and under circumstances expressly authorized by the Constitution or Act of Congress, willfully uses any part of the Army or the Air Force as a posse comitatus or otherwise to execute the laws shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than two years, or both.
Also notable is the following provision within Title 10 of the United States Code (which concerns generally the organization and regulation of the armed forces and Department of Defense):
10 U.S.C. § 375. Restriction on direct participation by military personnel
The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to ensure that any activity (including the provision of any equipment or facility or the assignment or detail of any personnel) under this chapter does not include or permit direct participation by a member of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps in a search, seizure, arrest, or other similar activity unless participation in such activity by such member is otherwise authorized by law.
Recent legislative events[edit]
In 2006, Congress modified the Insurrection Act as part of the 2007 Defense Authorization Bill (repealed as of 2008). On September 26, 2006, President George W. Bush urged Congress to consider revising federal laws so that U.S. armed forces could restore public order and enforce laws in the aftermath of a natural disaster, terrorist attack or incident, or other condition. These changes were included in the John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007 (H.R. 5122), which was signed into law on October 17, 2006.[6]
Section 1076 is titled "Use of the Armed Forces in major public emergencies." It provided that:
The President may employ the armed forces... to... restore public order and enforce the laws of the United States when, as a result of a natural disaster, epidemic, or other serious public health emergency, terrorist attack or incident, or other condition... the President determines that... domestic violence has occurred to such an extent that the constituted authorities of the State or possession are incapable of maintaining public order... or [to] suppress, in a State, any insurrection, domestic violence, unlawful combination, or conspiracy if such... a condition... so hinders the execution of the laws... that any part or class of its people is deprived of a right, privilege, immunity, or protection named in the Constitution and secured by law... or opposes or obstructs the execution of the laws of the United States or impedes the course of justice under those laws.[7]
In 2008, these changes in the Insurrection Act of 1807 were repealed in their entirety, reverting to the previous wording of the Insurrection Act.[8] It was originally written to limit presidential power as much as possible in the event of insurrection, rebellion, or lawlessness.
In 2011, President Barack Obama signed National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012 into law. Section 1021(b)(2) extended the definition of a "covered person", i.e., someone possibly subject to detention under this law, to include:
A person who was a part of or substantially supported al-Qaeda, the Taliban, or associated forces that are engaged in hostilities against the United States or its coalition partners, including any person who has committed a belligerent act or has directly supported such hostilities in aid of such enemy forces.[9]
Section 1021(e) purports to limit the scope of said authority with the text, "Nothing in this section shall be construed to affect existing law or authorities relating to the detention of United States citizens, lawful resident aliens of the United States, or any other persons who are captured or arrested in the United States."[10]
Exclusions and limitations[edit]
There are a number of situations in which the Act does not apply. These include:
Army and Air National Guard units and state defense forces while under the authority of the governor of a state.
Federal armed forces used in accordance to the Insurrection Act, as was the case of the 1st Marine Division and 7th Infantry Division being sent to curtail the 1992 Los Angeles riots.
Under 18 U.S.C. § 831, the Attorney General may request that the Secretary of Defense provide emergency assistance if domestic law enforcement is inadequate to address certain types of threats involving the release of nuclear materials, such as potential use of a nuclear or radiological weapon. Such assistance may be by any personnel under the authority of the Department of Defense, provided such assistance does not adversely affect U.S. military preparedness. The only exemption is nuclear materials.
Support roles under the Joint Special Operations Command.
Enforcement of federal law at the discretion of the President of the United States, such as with the 101st Airborne Division by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to integrate Little Rock Central High School in 1957.
Provide surveillance, intelligence gathering, observation, and equipment for domestic law enforcement on operations such as drug interdiction and counter-terrorism missions.
Exclusion applicable to U.S. Coast Guard[edit]
See the Law Enforcement Detachments and Missions of the United States Coast Guard for more information on U.S. Coast Guard law enforcement activities.
Although it is an armed service,[11] the U.S. Coast Guard, which operates under the Department of Homeland Security during peacetime, is not only not restricted by the Posse Comitatus Act but has explicit authority to enforce federal law. This is true even when the Coast Guard is operating as a service within the U.S. Navy during wartime.[4]
In December 1981, the Military Cooperation with Civilian Law Enforcement Agencies Act was enacted clarifying permissible military assistance to domestic law enforcement agencies and the Coast Guard, especially in combating drug smuggling into the United States. Posse Comitatus clarifications emphasize supportive and technical assistance (e.g., use of facilities, vessels, and aircraft, as well as intelligence support, technological aid, and surveillance) while generally prohibiting direct participation of U.S. military personnel in law enforcement (e.g., search, seizure, and arrests). For example, a U.S. Navy vessel may be used to track, follow, and stop a vessel suspected of drug smuggling, but Coast Guard Law Enforcement Detachments (LEDETs) embarked aboard the Navy vessel would perform the actual boarding and, if needed, arrest the suspect vessel's crew.[4]
Advisory and support roles[edit]
Federal troops have a long history of domestic roles, including occupying secessionist Southern states during Reconstruction and putting down major urban riots. The Posse Comitatus Act prohibits the use of active duty personnel to "execute the laws"; however, there is disagreement over whether this language may apply to troops used in an advisory, support, disaster response, or other homeland defense role, as opposed to domestic law enforcement.[1]
On March 10, 2009, members of the U.S. Army Military Police Corps from Fort Rucker were deployed to Samson, Alabama, in response to a murder spree. Samson officials confirmed that the soldiers assisted in traffic control and securing the crime scene. The governor of Alabama did not request military assistance nor did President Obama authorize their deployment. Subsequent investigation found that the Posse Comitatus Act was violated and several military members received "administrative actions".[12][13]
See also[edit]
Great Railroad Strike of 1877
List of military actions by or within the United States
Martial law
Militarization of police
Military Cooperation with Civilian Law Enforcement Agencies Act
National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive
Operation Garden Plot
Union violence in the United States
United States Northern Command
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Posse Comitatus Act: Setting the record straight on 124 years of mischief and misunderstanding before any more damage is done," Military Law Review, Vol. 175, 2003.
Jump up ^ Lieberman, Jethro (1999). A Practical Companion to the Constitution: How the Supreme Court Has Ruled on Issues from Abortion to Zoning. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-21280-0.
Jump up ^ Mazzetti, Mark and Johnston, David. "Bush Weighed Using Military in Arrests", New York Times, 22 June 2009
^ Jump up to: a b c http://www.uscg.mil/History/articles/LEDET_History.asp Coast Guard Law Enforcement Detachments (LEDETs): A History
Jump up ^ Text at Wikisource
Jump up ^ John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007
Jump up ^ H.R. 5122, pp. 322–323
Jump up ^ "H.R. 4986: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2008". GovTrack.us. 2008. Retrieved January 24, 2008.
Jump up ^ GPO text of Public Law 112-81 (PDF)
Jump up ^ "Text of Public Law 112-81" (PDF), GPO
Jump up ^ About the United States Coast Guard
Jump up ^ Army reviews shows troop use in Samson killing spree violated federal law, Birmingham News
Jump up ^ Revolutionizing Northern Command, Lt. Col. Gary L. McGinniss, U.S. Army
Further reading[edit]
Hendell, Garri B. "Domestic Use of the Armed Forces to Maintain Law and Order: posse comitatus Pitfalls at the Inauguration of the 44th President", Publius (2011) 41(2): 336-348 doi:10.1093/publius/pjq014
Lindorff, David. "Could It Happen Here?". Mother Jones magazine, April 1988.
The Posse Comitatus Act of 1878: A Documentary History. Buffalo, N.Y. : W.S. Hein, 2003. ISBN 978-0-8377-3900-7
External links[edit]
18 U.S.C. § 1385 Use of Army and Air Force as Posse Comitatus
The Posse Comitatus Act: A Principle in Need of Renewal, Washington University Law Quarterly Vol 75 No. 2
The Posse Comitatus Act and Related Matters: The Use of the Military to Execute Civilian Law Congressional Research Service
Should the Posse Comitatus Act be Changed to Effectively Support Local Law Enforcement? U.S. Army War College
Mold, Mildew, and the Military Role in Disaster Response, JURIST
John Warner National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2007
Text of H.R. 5122[dead link]
[1]
[2]
[3] Bill Text 112th Congress (2011-2012) S.1867.ES
[4] Federalist Paper #29 Concerning the Militia, Alexander Hamilton, pub. 10-January-1788
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
LCCN: n2003103970
VIAF: 178360813
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Posse_Comitatus_Act&oldid=839254389"
Categories:
1878 in law
United States federal criminal legislation
United States federal defense and national security legislation
United States military policies
1878 in the United States
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from February 2017
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Español
Français
Italiano
Nederlands
Norsk
Edit links
This page was last edited on 2 May 2018, at 07:59.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Posse_comitatus_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Posse comitatus (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: caption

value: img

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: th

attrs: scope style

value: li

value: ul

values:
nofollow
external text
http://legislink.org/us/stat-20-145

values:
/wiki/United_States_federal_law
mw-redirect
United States federal law

values:
nofollow
external text
http://legislink.org/us/stat-20-152

values:
/wiki/Department_of_the_Navy
mw-redirect
Department of the Navy

values:
/wiki/Department_of_Homeland_Security
mw-redirect
Department of Homeland Security

values:
/wiki/Reconstruction_Era
mw-redirect
Reconstruction Era

values: United States presidential election, 1876

values:
/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court
mw-redirect
U.S. Supreme Court

values:
/wiki/United_States_Lifesaving_Service
mw-redirect
United States Lifesaving Service

values: Edit section: Exclusions and limitations

values:
/wiki/Radiological_weapon
mw-redirect
Radiological weapon

values: Edit section: Exclusion applicable to U.S. Coast Guard

values:
/wiki/Drug_smuggling
mw-redirect
Drug smuggling

values: Edit section: Advisory and support roles

values:
/wiki/Governor_of_Alabama
mw-redirect
Governor of Alabama

values: s:Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 20.djvu/177

values:
nofollow
http://uscg.mil/top/about/
external text

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA565078

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/178360813

values: Category:United States federal criminal legislation

values: Category:United States federal defense and national security legislation

values: Category:United States military policies

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from February 2017

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Posse_Comitatus_Act
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Posse_Comitatus_Act rootpage-Posse_Comitatus_Act skin-vector action-view