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Vanishing point
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For other uses, see Vanishing point (disambiguation).
A vanishing point can be seen at the far end of this railroad.
In graphical perspective, a vanishing point is an abstract point on the image plane where 2D projections (or drawings) of a set of parallel lines in 3D space appear to converge.[clarification needed] When the set of parallel lines is perpendicular to a picture plane, the construction is known as one-point perspective, and their vanishing point corresponds to the oculus, or "eye point", from which the image should be viewed for correct perspective geometry.[1] Traditional linear drawings use objects with one to three sets of parallels, defining one to three vanishing points.
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Graphical projection
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Parallel projection
Orthographic projection
Multiview projection
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Bird's-eye view
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Contents
[hide]
1 Vector notation
2 Theorem
3 Vanishing line
4 Properties of vanishing points
5 Curvilinear and reverse perspective
6 Detection of vanishing points
7 Applications of vanishing points
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Vector notation[edit]
A 2D construction of perspective viewing, showing the formation of a vanishing point
The vanishing point may also be referred to as the "direction point", as lines having the same directional vector, say D, will have the same vanishing point or converge at the same vanishing points. Mathematically, let q ≡ (x, y, f) be a point lying on the image plane, where f is the focal length (of the camera associated with the image), and let vq ≡ (x/h, y/h, f/h) be the unit vector associated with q, where h = √x2 + y2 + f2. If we consider a straight line in space S with the unit vector ns ≡ (nx, ny, nz) and its vanishing point vs, the unit vector associated with vs is equal to ns, assuming both are assumed to point towards the image plane.[2]
When the image plane is parallel to two world-coordinate axes, lines parallel to the axis which is cut by this image plane will meet at infinity i.e. at the vanishing point. Lines parallel to the other two axes will not form vanishing points as they are parallel to the image plane. This is one-point perspective. Similarly, when the image plane intersects two world-coordinate axes, lines parallel to those planes will meet at infinity and form two vanishing points. This is called two-point perspective. In three-point perspective the image plane intersects the x, y, and z axes and therefore lines parallel to these axes intersect, resulting in three different vanishing points.
See also: Property 1 below
Theorem[edit]
The vanishing point theorem is the principal theorem in the science of perspective. It says that the image in a picture plane π of a line L in space, not parallel to the picture, is determined by its intersection with π and its vanishing point. Some authors have used the phrase, "the image of a line includes its vanishing point". Guidobaldo del Monte gave several verifications, and Humphry Ditton called the result the "main and Great Proposition".[3] Brook Taylor wrote the first book in English on perspective in 1714, which introduced the term "vanishing point" and was the first to fully explain the geometry of multipoint perspective, and historian Kirsti Andersen compiled these observations.[1]:244–6 She notes, in terms of projective geometry, the vanishing point is the image of the point at infinity associated with L, as the sightline from O through the vanishing point is parallel to L.
Vanishing line[edit]
As a vanishing point originates in a line, so a vanishing line originates in a plane α that is not parallel to the picture π. Given the eye point O, and β the plane parallel to α and lying on O, then the vanishing line of α is β ∩ π. For example, when α is the ground plane and β is the horizon plane, then the vanishing line of α is the horizon line β ∩ π. Anderson notes, "Only one particular vanishing line occurs, often referred to as the "horizon".[1]:249, 503–6
To put it simply, the vanishing line is obtained by the intersection of the image plane with a plane parallel to the ground plane, passing through the camera center. For different sets of parallel line, their respective vanishing points will lie on this line. The horizon line is a theoretical line that represents the eye level of the observer. If the object is below the horizon line, its vanishing lines angle up to the horizon line. If the object is above, they slope down. All vanishing lines end at the horizon line.
Properties of vanishing points[edit]
1. Projections of two sets of parallel lines lying in some plane πA appear to converge, i.e. the vanishing point associated with that pair, on a horizon line, or vanishing line H formed by the intersection of the image plane with the plane parallel to πA and passing through the pinhole. Proof: Consider the ground plane π, as y = c which is, for the sake of simplicity, orthogonal to the image plane. Also, consider a line L that lies in the plane π, which is defined by the equation ax + bz = d. Using perspective pinhole projections, a point on L projected on the image plane will have coordinates defined as,
x′ = f·x/z = f·d − bz/az
y′ = f·y/z = f·c/z
This is the parametric representation of the image L′ of the line L with z as the parameter. When z → −∞ it stops at the point (x′,y′) = (−fb/a,0) on the x′ axis of the image plane. This is the vanishing point corresponding to all parallel lines with slope −b/a in the plane π. All vanishing points associated with different lines with different slopes belonging to plane π will lie on the x′ axis, which in this case is the horizon line.
2. Let A, B, and C be three mutually orthogonal straight lines in space and vA ≡ (xA, yA, f), vB ≡ (xB, yB, f), vC ≡ (xC, yC, f) be the three corresponding vanishing points respectively. If we know the coordinates of one of these points, say vA, and the direction of a straight line on the image plane, which passes through a second point, say vB, we can compute the coordinates of both vB and vC [2]
3. Let A, B, and C be three mutually orthogonal straight lines in space and vA ≡ (xA, yA, f), vB ≡ (xB, yB, f), vC ≡ (xC, yC, f) be the three corresponding vanishing points respectively. The orthocenter of the triangle with vertices in the three vanishing points is the intersection of the optical axis and the image plane.[2]
Curvilinear and reverse perspective[edit]
A curvilinear perspective is a drawing with either 4 or 5 vanishing points. In 5-point perspective the vanishing points are mapped into a circle with 4 vanishing points at the cardinal headings N, W, S, E and one at the circle's origin.
A reverse perspective is a drawing with vanishing points that are placed outside the painting with the illusion that they are "in front of" the painting.
Single point perspective projection.
Double point perspective projection.
Pietro Perugino's use of perspective in the Delivery of the Keys fresco at the Sistine Chapel (1481–82) helped bring the Renaissance to Rome.
Detection of vanishing points[edit]
Several methods for vanishing point detection make use of the line segments detected in images. Other techniques involve considering the intensity gradients of the image pixels directly.
There are significantly large numbers of vanishing points present in an image. Therefore, the aim is to detect the vanishing points that correspond to the principal directions of a scene. This is generally achieved in two steps. The first step, called the accumulation step, as the name suggests, clusters the line segments with the assumption that a cluster will share a common vanishing point. The next step finds the principal clusters present in the scene and therefore it is called the search step.
In the accumulation step, the image is mapped onto a bounded space called the accumulator space. The accumulator space is partitioned into units called cells. Barnard [4] assumed this space to be a Gaussian sphere centered on the optical center of the camera as an accumulator space. A line segment on the image corresponds to a great circle on this sphere, and the vanishing point in the image is mapped to a point. The Gaussian sphere has accumulator cells that increase when a great circle passes through them, i.e. in the image a line segment intersects the vanishing point. Several modifications have been made since, but one of the most efficient techniques was using the Hough Transform, mapping the parameters of the line segment to the bounded space. Cascaded Hough Transforms have been applied for multiple vanishing points.
The process of mapping from the image to the bounded spaces causes the loss of the actual distances between line segments and points.
In the search step, the accumulator cell with the maximum number of line segments passing through it is found. This is followed by removal of those line segments, and the search step is repeated until this count goes below a certain threshold. As more computing power is now available, points corresponding to two or three mutually orthogonal directions can be found.
Applications of vanishing points[edit]
Camera calibration: The vanishing points of an image contain important information for camera calibration. Various calibration techniques have been introduced using the properties of vanishing points to find intrinsic and extrinsic calibration parameters.[5]
3D reconstruction: A man-made environment has two main characteristics – several lines in the scene are parallel, and a number of edges present are orthogonal. Vanishing points aid in comprehending the environment. Using sets of parallel lines in the plane, the orientation of the plane can be calculated using vanishing points. Torre [6] and Coelho [7] performed extensive investigation in the use of vanishing points to implement a full system. With the assumption that the environment consists of objects with only parallel or perpendicular sides, also called Lego-land, using vanishing points constructed in a single image of the scene they recovered the 3D geometry of the scene. Similar ideas are also used in the field of robotics, mainly in navigation and autonomous vehicles, and in areas concerned with object detection.
See also[edit]
Graphical projection
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Kirsti Andersen (2007) Geometry of an Art, p. xxx, Springer, ISBN 0-387-25961-9
^ Jump up to: a b c B. Caprile, V. Torre [1] "Using Vanishing Points for Camera Calibration", International Journal of Computer Vision, Volume 4, Issue 2, pp. 127-139, March 1990
Jump up ^ H. Ditton (1712) Treatise on Perspective, p 45
Jump up ^ S.T. Barnard 'Interpreting Perspective Images", Artificial Intelligence 21, 1983, pp. 435 - 462
Jump up ^ D. Liebowitz and A. Zisserman "Metric Rectification for perspective images of planes" ,IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June 1998, Santa Barbara, CA, pp. 482 -488
Jump up ^ R.T. Collins, and R. Weiss "Vanishing Point Calculation as a Statistical Inference on the Unit Sphere" Proceedings of ICCV3, December, 1990
Jump up ^ C. Coelho, M. Straforani, M. Campani " Using Geometrical Rules and a priori Knowledge for the Understanding of Indoor Scenes" Proceedings BMVC90, p.229-234 Oxford, September 1990.
External links[edit]
Vanishing point detection by three different proposed algorithms
Vanishing point detection for images and videos using open CV
A tutorial covering many examples of linear perspective
Trigonometric Calculation of Vanishing Points Brief explanation of the rationale with an easy example
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vanishing_point&oldid=801094064"
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Leaching (chemistry)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Leaching is the process of extracting substances from a solid by dissolving them in a liquid, either naturally or through an industrial process. In the chemical processing industry, leaching has a variety of commercial applications, including separation of metal from ore using acid, and sugar from sugar beets using hot water.
Another term for this is lixiviation, or the extraction of a soluble particle from its constituent parts[1][not in citation given].
In a typical leaching operation, the solid mixture to be separated consists of particles, inert insoluble carrier A and solute B. The solvent, C, is added to the mixture to selectively dissolve B. The overflow from the stage is free of solids and consists of only solvent C and dissolved B. The underflow consists of slurry of liquid of similar composition in the liquid overflow and solid carrier A. In an ideal leaching equilibrium stage, all the solute is dissolved by the solvent; none of the carrier is dissolved. The mass ratio of the solid to liquid in the underflow is dependent on the type of equipment used and properties of the two phases.
Leaching is the process by which inorganic, organic contaminants or radionuclides are released from the solid phase into the water phase under the influence of mineral dissolution, desorption, complexation processes as affected by pH, redox, dissolved organic matter and (micro)biological activity. The process itself is universal, as any material exposed to contact with water will leach components from its surface or its interior depending on the porosity of the material considered.
One such reaction is:
Ag2S + 4NaCN → 2Na[Ag(CN)2] + Na2S
Contents
[hide]
1 Leaching processes for biological substances
2 Leaching processes for inorganic and organic materials
3 Shrinking-core model
4 Environmentally friendly leaching
5 See also
6 References
Leaching processes for biological substances[edit]
Many biological organic and inorganic substances occur in a mixture of different components in a solid. In order to separate the desired solute constituent or remove an undesirable solute component from the solid phase, the solid is brought into contact with a liquid. The solid and liquid are in contact, and the solute or solutes can diffuse from the solid into the solvent, resulting in separation of the components originally in the solid. This separation process is called liquid-solid leaching or simply leaching. Because in leaching the solute is being extracted from the solid this is also called extraction. In leaching, when an undesirable component is removed from a solid with water, the process is called washing.[2]
In the biological and food processing industries, many products are separated from their original natural structure by liquid-solid leaching. An important process for example is the leaching of sugar from sugar beets with hot water. In the production of vegetable oils, organic solvents such as hexane, acetone, or ether are used to extract oil from nuts, beans, and seeds.
In the pharmaceutical industry, many different pharmaceutical products are obtained by leaching plant roots, leaves, and stems.[2]
Leaching processes for inorganic and organic materials[edit]
Leaching is extensively used in metal processing industries. The useful metal may occur in mixtures with very large amounts of undesirable constituents, and leaching is used to remove the metals as soluble salts.[2] The use of acids is prevalent in the metal processing industry. Sulfates are normally used to remove metals from the solid phase. These processes result in harmful sulfate-rich environmental byproducts. Because acids solubilize metals, large-scale release of heavy-metal-rich acidic mine drainage (AMD) can thereby occur.
Shrinking-core model[edit]
As mentioned above when leaching a solid with a liquid the desired solid goes to the liquid phase while undesired solid remains. The removal of the solid as the liquid dissolves into the particle leads to a diameter of unleached core that shrinks with time. A mathematical model can be used for this process, derived using Fick's law of diffusion taking pore diffusion as rate limiting step:[3]
t = ρ B r s 2 6 D e b M B c A b [ 1 − 3 ( r c r s ) 2 + 2 ( r c r s ) 3 ] {\displaystyle t={\frac {\rho _{B}r_{s}^{2}}{6D_{e}bM_{B}c_{A_{b}}}}\left[1-3\left({\frac {r_{c}}{r_{s}}}\right)^{2}+2\left({\frac {r_{c}}{r_{s}}}\right)^{3}\right]}
Environmentally friendly leaching[edit]
Some recent work has been done to see if organic acids can be used to leach lithium and cobalt from spent batteries with some success. Experiments performed with varying temperatures and concentrations of malic acid show that the optimal conditions are 2.0 m/L of organic acid at a temperature of 90 °C.[4] The reaction had an overall efficiency exceeding 90% with no harmful byproducts.
4 LiCoO2(solid) + 12 C4H6O5(liquid) → 4 LiC4H5O5(liquid) + 4 Co(C4H6O5)2(liquid) + 6 H2O(liquid) + O2(gas)
The same analysis with citric acid showed similar results with an optimal temperature and concentration of 90 °C and 1.5 molar solution of citric acid.[5]
See also[edit]
Leachate
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Oliva P. Canencia; angelo Mark P. Walag (2016). "Coal Combustion from Power Plant Industry Inmisamis Oriental, Philippines: a Potential Groundwater Contamination and Heavy Metal Detection". Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences. 18 (1): 55–59. ISSN 0972-3005. Retrieved 2016-04-22.
^ Jump up to: a b c Geankoplis, Christie (2004). Transport Process and Separation Principles. NJ: Pretence Hall. pp. 802–817. ISBN 978-0-13-101367-4.
Jump up ^ Seader and Henley, J.D. and Ernest J. (2001). Separation Process Principles. U.K: John Wiley & Sons inc. pp. 639–641. ISBN 978-0-471-46480-8.
Jump up ^ Li, Li; Jing Ge; Renjie Chen; Feng Wu; Shi Chen; Xiaoxiao Zhang (March 16, 2010). "Environmental friendly leaching reagent for cobalt and lithium recovery". International Journal of Integrated Waste Management, Science and Technology. Waste Management. 30 (12): 2615–2621. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2010.08.008. Retrieved December 22, 2011.
Jump up ^ Li, Li; Jing Ge; Feng Wu; Renjie Chen; Shi Chen; Borong Wu (2010-04-15). "Recovery of cobalt and lithium from spent lithium ion batteries using organic citric acid as leachant". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 176 (1-3): 288–293. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.11.026. Retrieved December 22, 2011.
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Thomas Brodie-Sangster
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Thomas Brodie-Sangster
Brodie-Sangster at the 2015 San Diego Comic-Con International
Born
Thomas Brodie-Sangster
(1990-05-16) May 16, 1990 (age 27)
Southwark, London, England
Other names
Thomas Sangster
Occupation
Actor, model, musician[1]
Years active
2001–present
Thomas Brodie-Sangster (born May 16, 1990), also credited as Thomas Sangster, is an English actor and musician, known for his roles as Jojen Reed in Game of Thrones, John Tracy in the ITV series Thunderbirds Are Go, Sam in Love Actually, Simon in Nanny McPhee, Newt in the Maze Runner film series, and Ferb in Phineas and Ferb. Sangster also grew in popularity for starring in critically acclaimed cult films such as Death of a Superhero, Bright Star and as Paul McCartney in Nowhere Boy. He also had a cameo appearance in Star Wars: The Force Awakens and a role in the Netflix mini series Godless as Whitey Winn.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Brodie Films and Winnet music
3 Filmography
3.1 Film
3.2 Television
3.3 Music videos
4 Audio plays
5 Awards and nominations
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Thomas Sangster was born in Southwark, London on 16 May 1990 to Mark Sangster and Tasha Bertram.[2] Sangster's father's family is from Banchory, Scotland.[3] His great-grandfather, Anthony Bertram, was a novelist, and a maternal ancestor was politician and colonial administrator Sir Evan Nepean, through whom he has Cornish and Welsh ancestry.[4] He has one sibling, Ava.[2] Sangster plays bass and guitar, and he learned to play left-handed guitar to portray the left-handed Paul McCartney in the feature film Nowhere Boy.
Career[edit]
Sangster promoting Death of a Superhero in 2011.
Sangster's first acting role was in a BBC television film, Station Jim. He subsequently appeared in a few more television films, including the lead roles in Bobbie's Girl, The Miracle of the Cards (based on the story of Craig Shergold) and Stig of the Dump. He won the "Golden Nymph" award at the 43rd Annual Monte Carlo Television Festival[5] for his role in the miniseries Entrusted. Love Actually, in which he played Liam Neeson's stepson, was Sangster's first major theatrical film. He was nominated for a "Golden Satellite Award"[6] and a "Young Artist Award"[7] for his role in the film.
Sangster next appeared in a television adaptation of the novel Feather Boy and played a younger version of James Franco's role in the film version of Tristan & Isolde. Among other things, Sangster takes part in a (child's) sword fight in the film. Sangster next starred in the commercially successful film Nanny McPhee, as the eldest of seven children.
Sangster in July 2006.
In 2007 he appeared in a two-part story (Human Nature and The Family of Blood) in Doctor Who as schoolboy Timothy "Tim" Latimer,[8] and guest-starred in the Big Finish Doctor Who audio dramas The Mind's Eye and The Bride of Peladon. His voice lowered during filming of the Doctor Who episodes. He also starred alongside Love Actually and Nanny McPhee co-star Colin Firth in the film adaptation of Valerio Massimo Manfredi's historical novel The Last Legion, released in 2007. That same year he voiced the character of Ferb Fletcher in the Disney Channel animated series Phineas and Ferb alongside Love Actually co-star Olivia Olson. As of December 2007, he was also working on the filming of a television series of the story of Pinocchio, filmed in Italy.
In March 2008[9] it was announced that Sangster would star in Steven Spielberg's CGI motion capture film The Adventures of Tintin as the title character of Hergé's comic books. Sangster left the project after scheduling difficulties when filming was delayed in October 2008 and the role was given to Jamie Bell.[10][11]
At the end of March 2008, he began working with director Jane Campion on her film Bright Star, a love story with Ben Whishaw and Abbie Cornish portraying John Keats and his lover Fanny Brawne. Aaron Johnson, Kristin Scott Thomas and Anne-Marie Duff in Nowhere Boy, a film directed by award-winning artist Sam Taylor-Wood, about the teenage years of John Lennon and the two women who shaped his early life: his mother Julia (Duff) and his aunt Mimi (Scott Thomas). This would be his second time acting with Johnson, the first being in 2004's Feather Boy.
Sangster appeared in the film Some Dogs Bite about a boy who wants to keep his family together. Casey (Sangster) takes his baby brother out of care, and with the help of his older brother, goes in search of their father. Sangster appeared with Andy Serkis in an Irish film, Death of a Superhero, based on the novel, Death of Superhero by Anthony McCarten.[12]
Additionally, Sangster plays Liam in the 2011 film, The Last Furlong. In April 2011, he made a guest appearance as Adam Douglas in an episode of British detective drama Lewis. In 2012 he starred in The Baytown Outlaws and in Ella Jones's short film, The Ugly Duckling, the third installment of the Tales trilogy of reworked fairy tales from More Films.[13] He also plays the role of Jojen Reed in the HBO series Game of Thrones.[14] In 2015, he provided the voice of John Tracy in ITV's remake of Gerry Anderson's puppet series Thunderbirds.
Sangster played Newt in the 20th Century Fox films The Maze Runner (2014) and Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials (2015), as well as The Maze Runner: The Death Cure (2018). In BBC2's 6-part television adaptation of Wolf Hall (on BBC2 from 21 January 2015), Sangster portrays Rafe Sadler, the ward of Thomas Cromwell.[15]
Brodie Films and Winnet music[edit]
Sangster established Brodie Films in 2006 with his mother, Tasha Bertram, "to create opportunities in the film industry for new British talent; innovative writers, actors and directors."[16] The company was dissolved in May 2013.[17]
Sangster plays bass guitar, and in January 2010 joined the band Winnet, in which his mother sings the vocals.[1]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2002 Mrs. Meitlemeihr Boy 1 Short film
2003 Love Actually Sam
2005 Nanny McPhee Simon Brown
2006 Molly: An American Girl on the Home Front Boy in Spelling Bee
Tristan & Isolde Young Tristan
2007 The Last Legion Romulus Augustus
2009 Bright Star Samuel Brawne
Nowhere Boy Paul McCartney
The Alchemistic Suitcase Boy Short film
2011 My Left Hand Man Samuel Emerson Short film
Hideaways Liam
Death of a Superhero Donald Clarke
Albatross Mark
2012 The Baytown Outlaws Rob
2013 The Ugly Duckling The Ugly Duckling Short film
Orbit Ever After Nigel Short film
2014 The Maze Runner Newt
Phantom Halo Samuel Emerson
2015 Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials Newt
Star Wars: The Force Awakens Petty Officer Thanisson Cameo
2018 Maze Runner: The Death Cure Newt
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2001 Station Jim Henry Television film
The Miracle of the Cards Craig Shergold Television film
2002 Stig of the Dump Barney Television miniseries
Bobbie's Girl Alan Television film
London's Burning Stephen Episode #14.6
2003 Hitler: The Rise of Evil Young Hitler Television film
Entrusted Thomas von Gall Television film
Ultimate Force Gabriel Episode: "What in the Name of God"
2004 Feather Boy Robert Nobel Television miniseries
2005 Julian Fellowes Investigates: A Most Mysterious Murder John Duff Episode: "The Case of the Croydon Poisonings"
2007–2015 Phineas and Ferb Ferb Fletcher Voice role; lead role; 222 episodes
2007 Doctor Who Timothy "Tim" Latimer Episodes: "Human Nature" and "The Family of Blood"
2008 Pinocchio Lampwick Television film
2010 Some Dogs Bite Casey Television film
2011 Lewis Adam Douglas Episode: "The Mind Has Mountains"
Phineas and Ferb the Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension Ferb Fletcher Television film; voice role
2012 Accused Jake Murray Episodes: "Tina's Story" and "Mo and Sue's Story"
2013–2014 Game of Thrones Jojen Reed Recurring role; 10 episodes
2014 American Dad! N/A Voice role; episode: "I Ain't No Holodeck Boy"
2015 Wolf Hall Rafe Sadler Television miniseries
2015–present Thunderbirds Are Go John Tracy / Pirate Dobbs Voice role; main role; 35 episodes[18]
2017 Red Nose Day Actually Sam Television short film
2017 Godless Whitey Winn Miniseries; 7 episodes
2018 Milo Murphy's Law Ferb Fletcher Television Series; Voice Role
Music videos[edit]
Year
Title
Artist
Role
Notes
2014 30 Minute Break The Luka State Boyfriend [19][20]
2016 Tired of Lying Kioko – [21]
Audio plays[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2007 Country Life Boris First broadcast on 22 March 2007, BBC Radio 4[22]
The Mind's Eye Kyle Recorded: 25, 27 July 2007; Released: November 2007[23]
2008 The Bride of Peladon Miner Recorded: 26, 27 July 2007; Released: January 2008[24]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Nominated Work
Category
Result
2003 Entrusted[5] Golden Nymph at Monte Carlo Television Festival: Best Actor in a mini-series Won
2004 Love Actually Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards: Best Performance by Youth in a Leading or Supporting Role – Male Nominated
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards: Best Ensemble Acting for Love Actually Nominated
Satellite Awards: Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role, Comedy or Musical Nominated
Young Artist Award: Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actor Nominated
2007 Nanny McPhee Young Artist Award: Best Performance in a Feature Film – Young Ensemble Cast Nominated
Young Artist Award: Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actor Nominated
2008 The Last Legion Young Artist Award: Best Performance in an International Feature Film – Leading Young Performer Nominated
2015 The Maze Runner Teen Choice Awards Choice Movie: Breakout Star Nominated
Teen Choice Awards Choice Movie: Chemistry (Shared with Dylan O'Brien) Nominated
2016 Maze Runner: The Scorch Trials Teen Choice Awards Choice Movie: Chemistry (Shared with Dylan O'Brien) Won
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Winnet has recently been joined by Thomas Sangster on Bass and Leo Ferdorcio on Drums". Winnet-music.com. 19 May 2010. Archived from the original on 4 January 2012. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Thomas Brodie-Sangster Biography". ArticleBio.
Jump up ^ Death of Ernest Sangster, BEM winner, aged 83, deesidepiper.co.uk; accessed 3 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Sparrow, Elizabeth (n.d.). "Nepean, Sir Evan", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online, (subscription only), accessed 14 March 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b biosstars.com. "Biosstars Database – The 43rd Annual Monte Carlo Television Festival". Biosstars.com. Archived from the original on 20 February 2012. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
Jump up ^ The International Press Academy's SATELLITE Awards Archived 18 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Annual Young Artist Awards for Hollywood's Teen & Child Stars". Youngartistawards.org. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "Series Three Update". Outpost Gallifrey. 29 December 2006. Retrieved 30 December 2006.
Jump up ^ Brown, Mark (28 March 2008). "Blistering barnacles! It's Spielberg's new Tintin". The Guardian. London, UK. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
Jump up ^ Anne Thompson (31 October 2008). "Sony/Paramount financing "Tintin"". Variety. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
Jump up ^ Singh, Anita (27 January 2009). "Tintin: Daniel Craig and Jamie Bell to star in new Steven Spielberg film". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
Jump up ^ Independent Woman (22 October 2010). "Hobbit of a lifetime: Serkis act returns". The Irish Independent. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "Tales – About". Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Maureen (13 July 2012). "'Game of Thrones' Season 3 Casting News: 'Office,' 'Avengers' Actors Join The HBO Series". Huffington Post. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
Jump up ^ Alice Vincent, "Wolf Hall cast to include Damian Lewis and Mark Rylance", Daily Telegraph, 2 May 2014; accessed 30 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Brodie Films". Brodie Films. 18 July 2009.
Jump up ^ "Company Check: Brodie Films Limited". Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 19 May 2014.
Jump up ^ "News | Thunderbirds Are Go". Thunderbirds.com. 2016-08-22. Retrieved 2016-12-21.
Jump up ^ 'Game of Thrones' Actor Thomas Sangster to Appear in Brit Rock Music Video. Hollywood Reporter (24 February 2014). Retrieved on 30 October 2015.
Jump up ^ The Luka State – 30 Minute Break on YouTube
Jump up ^ KIOKO – Tired Of Lying on YouTube
Jump up ^ "Radio Listings – Country Life". Radiolistings.co.uk. 16 December 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "Big Finish Productions – The Mind's Eye". Bigfinish.com. 27 July 2007. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "Big Finish Productions – The Bride of Peladon". Bigfinish.com. 27 July 2007. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Thomas Brodie-Sangster.
Thomas Sangster at Curtis Brown Literary and Talent Agency
Thomas Brodie-Sangster on IMDb
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WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 31751484
LCCN: no2006065172
ISNI: 0000 0000 4877 6458
GND: 1033932310
SUDOC: 184554969
BNF: cb166037460 (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Brodie-Sangster&oldid=835211964"
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Chamberlain (surname)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Chamberlain is an English surname. Notable people with this surname include:
Alec Chamberlain (born 1964), English football player
Alexander Francis Chamberlain (1865–1914), Canadian anthropologist
Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain (born 1993), English football player
Ardwight Chamberlain (born 1957), voice actor
Austen Chamberlain (1863–1937), British politician, Nobel Peace Prize winner, son of Joseph Chamberlain
Basil Hall Chamberlain (1850–1935), British Japanologist and poet
Betsey Guppy Chamberlain (c. 1797–1886), textile mill worker of Native American background who wrote sketches and poetry in the early 19th century
Brenda Chamberlain (born 1952), Canadian politician
Brenda Chamberlain (artist) (1912–1971), Welsh artist and poet
Bob Chamberlain, Australian founder of Chamberlain Tractor now part of Chamberlain John Deere
Calvin T. Chamberlain (1795–1878), New York politician
Charles Joseph Chamberlain (1863–1943), American botanist
Corinna Chamberlain, as also as Chan Ming-yan, Hong Kong-based Sinophone singer and actress with Australia-New Zealand ancestry.
Cyril Chamberlain (1909–1974), British actor
Daniel Henry Chamberlain (1835–1907), American politician
Daniel R. Chamberlain, former president of Houghton College
David Chamberlain (born 1975), American cross-country skier
Dean Chamberlain, American photographer
Edward Chamberlain (disambiguation), multiple people
George Earle Chamberlain (1854–1928), American politician
Helen Chamberlain (born 1967), British television host
Sir Henry Chamberlain, 1st Baronet (1773–1829), British diplomat
Henry Chamberlain (politician) (died 1888), New Zealand politician
Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855–1927), British author noted for his works concerning the Aryan race
Ice Box Chamberlain (1867–1929), American baseball player
Jay Chamberlain (1925–2001), American race car driver
Jerry Chamberlain (born 1952), American singer/songwriter/guitarist/producer
Joba Chamberlain (born 1985), a pitcher on the New York Yankees
John Chamberlain (letter writer) (1553–1628), 16th-century English letter writer
John Chamberlain (missionary) (1777—1821), English missionary and bible translator
John Angus Chamberlain (born 1927), American sculptor
John Curtis Chamberlain (1772–1834), US politician
John Henry Chamberlain (1831–1883), English architect
John Loomis Chamberlain (1858–1948), American army officer, recipient of the Distinguished Service Medal
John Marvin Chamberlain (1844–1928), English composer
John Rensselaer Chamberlain (1903–1995), American journalist and editor
Joseph Chamberlain (1836–1914), British politician
Joshua Chamberlain (1828–1914), college professor, officer in the United States Army during the American Civil War and Governor of Maine
Lindy Chamberlain (born 1948) and Michael Chamberlain (1944–2017), whose infant daughter Azaria disappeared in the Dingo Baby case
Marise Chamberlain (born 1935), New Zealand middle-distance runner
Matt Chamberlain (born 1967), American drummer
Mellen Chamberlain (1821–1900), American lawyer, historian and librarian
Montague Chamberlain (1844–1924), Canadian-American naturalist, founder of the American Ornithologists' Union
Nathan Henry Chamberlain (1830–1901), American clergyman
Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940), British Prime Minister from 1937 to 1940, son of Joseph Chamberlain
Neville Bowles Chamberlain (1820–1902), British Field Marshal
Neville Francis Fitzgerald Chamberlain (1856–1944), British Army officer and Inspector-General of the Royal Irish Constabulary
Neville Patrick Chamberlain (born 1960), English footballer
Owen Chamberlain (1920–2006), Nobel Prize–winning American physicist and co-discoverer of the anti-proton
Richard Chamberlain (born 1935), American actor who became a teen idol in the title role of the television show Dr. Kildare
Richard Chamberlain (MP for Islington West) (1840–1899), British politician
Samuel Chamberlain (1829–1908), American soldier, painter and artist
Samuel Selwyn Chamberlain (1851–1916), American journalist
Siobhan Chamberlain (born 1983), English football goalkeeper
Spencer Chamberlain (born 1983), American vocalist for the band Underoath
Thomas Crowder Chamberlain (1843–1928), American geologist
Vicente Cuadra Chamberlain (1919–2000), Nicaraguan advertising executive
Warren D. Chamberlain (1927–2013), American politician
William Charles Chamberlain (1818–1878), British Rear Admiral
William H. Chamberlain (1931–1972), American politician from Illinois
Wilt Chamberlain (1936–1999), American basketball player
See also[edit]
Chamberlayne (disambiguation)
Chamberlin (disambiguation)
Surname list
This page lists people with the surname Chamberlain. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chamberlain_(surname)&oldid=837418743"
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American Woman (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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American Woman
Genre
Comedy
Created by
John Riggi
Starring
Alicia Silverstone
Mena Suvari
Jennifer Bartels
Makenna James
Lia McHugh
Opening theme
"American Woman"
by Kelly Clarkson[1]
Composer(s)
Michael Suby
John Swihart
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
5 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
John Wells
John Riggi
Alex Hardcastle (pilot)
Producer(s)
Lisa Cochran-Neilan
Marc Solakian (pilot)
Cinematography
John Inwood
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
20–26 minutes
Production company(s)
John Wells Productions
Warner Horizon Television
Release
Original network
Paramount Network
Original release
June 7, 2018 (2018-06-07) – present (present)
External links
Official website
American Woman is an American comedy series inspired by the childhood of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills star Kyle Richards that premiered on June 7, 2018, on Paramount Network. The series was created by John Riggi and stars Alicia Silverstone, Mena Suvari, Jennifer Bartels, Makenna James, and Lia McHugh.
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Main
2.2 Recurring
2.3 Guest
3 Episodes
4 Production
4.1 Development
4.2 Casting
4.3 Filming
5 Release
5.1 Marketing
5.2 Premiere
6 Reception
6.1 Critical response
6.2 Ratings
7 References
8 External links
Premise[edit]
American Woman follows "Bonnie, an unconventional mother struggling to raise her two daughters after leaving her husband amid the rise of second-wave feminism in the 1970s. With the help of her two best friends, Kathleen and Diana, these three women each discover their own brand of independence in a glamorous and ever-changing world reluctant to give it."[2]
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Alicia Silverstone as Bonnie Nolan
Mena Suvari as Kathleen
Jennifer Bartels as Diana
Makenna James as Becca Nolan
Lia McHugh as Jessica Nolan
Recurring[edit]
Cheyenne Jackson as Greg
James Tupper as Steve
Diandra Lyle as Louise
Patrick Bristow as Randall
Sam Morgan as Adam
Jonathan Chase as Alan
Guest[edit]
Sam Anderson as Raymond Turner ("Changes and The New Normal")
Elizabeth Bogush as Sherry ("Changes and The New Normal")
Audrey Wasilewski as Anne ("Changes and The New Normal")
Kate Butler as Greer ("Changes and The New Normal")
Christine Estabrook as Peggy ("The Cost of Living")
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title [3]
Directed by
Written by
Original air date [3]
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)
1
"Liberation" Alex Hardcastle John Riggi June 7, 2018 (2018-06-07) U11.10047 0.595[4]
2
"Changes and The New Normal" Iain B. MacDonald John Riggi & Becky Hartman Edwards June 14, 2018 (2018-06-14) U13.12702 / U13.12703 0.357[5]
3
"The Party" Alex Hardcastle John Riggi June 21, 2018 (2018-06-21) U13.12704 0.381[6]
4
"The Cost of Living" Joanna Kerns Mike Herro & David Strauss June 28, 2018 (2018-06-28) U13.12705 0.338[7]
5
"Adam" Alex Hardcastle John Riggi & Jen Braeden July 12, 2018 (2018-07-12) U13.12706 TBD
6
"The Heat Wave" TBA TBA July 19, 2018 (2018-07-19) TBA TBD
7
"The Agreement" TBA TBA July 26, 2018 (2018-07-26) TBA TBD
8
"Jack" TBA TBA August 2, 2018 (2018-08-02) TBA TBD
9
"The Breakthrough" TBA TBA August 9, 2018 (2018-08-09) TBA TBD
10
"Obstacles and Assets" TBA TBA August 16, 2018 (2018-08-16) TBA TBD
11
"I Will Survive" TBA TBA August 23, 2018 (2018-08-23) TBA TBD
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
On June 2, 2015, it was announced that TV Land was developing a television pilot based on the life of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills star Kyle Richards. The pilot was set to be produced by John Wells Productions in association with Warner Horizon Television. Executive producers included John Wells and John Riggi, who wrote the pilot script.[8]
In November 2016, American Woman received a series order from TV Land for a first season consisting of 12 episodes, but a premiere date had not been set.[9][10]
In March 2017, it was revealed that the series had been shifted from TV Land to the newly rebranded Paramount Network.[11] On August 14, 2017, it was announced that John Riggi had departed the series citing creative differences. Replacing him in the role of showrunner was fellow executive producer John Wells.[12] It was announced at the annual Television Critics Association's winter press tour that the series was set to premiere on June 7, 2018.[13]
Casting[edit]
In July 2016, it was announced that Alicia Silverstone had been cast in the series lead role.[14] On August 11, 2016, Mena Suvari joined the pilot in another lead role.[15] Later that month, it was reported that Cheyenne Jackson and Jennifer Bartels had also joined the cast.[16] In May 2017, Diandra Lyle was cast as Louise, a recurring role.[17] On June 13, 2017, it was announced that Sam Morgan had joined the cast in a recurring capacity.[18]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography for the first season of the series began in April 2017 in Los Angeles, California.[19]
Release[edit]
Marketing[edit]
On March 27, 2018, Paramount Network released six "first look" images from the series.[20] On May 3, 2018, the first official trailer for the series was released.[21]
Premiere[edit]
On April 29, 2018, the series held its official world premiere during the Series Mania Festival in Lille, France in which the first three episodes of the first season were screened. It competed against nine other international television programs in the festival's "official competition" series of shows.[22][23][24]
On June 7, 2018, the series held a screening at the annual ATX Television Festival in Austin, Texas. A question-and-answer panel followed, featuring executive producer Josh Wells, cast members Alicia Silverstone, Mena Suvari, Jennifer Bartels, and co-executive producer Kyle Richards.[25]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
The series has received a mixed reception from critics upon its premiere. On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the series holds a 43% approval rating with an average rating of 5.45 out of 10 based on 14 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "Stereotypes and ambiguity shadow the well-meaning intentions of American Woman, though the nostalgic period setting is cute."[26] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the series a score of 48 out of 100 based on 10 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews."[27]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Liberation" June 7, 2018 0.2[4] 0.595 0.2 0.479 0.4 1.074[28]
2 "Changes and The New Normal" June 14, 2018 0.1[5] 0.357 N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 "The Party" June 21, 2018 0.12[6] 0.381 0.2 0.586 0.3 0.967[29]
4 "The Cost of Living" June 28, 2018 0.1[7] 0.338 TBD TBD TBD TBD
5 "Adam" July 12, 2018 TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Exclusive: Watch Kelly Clarkson belt fierce 'American Woman' cover for Alicia Silverstone series". Entertainment Weekly. May 17, 2018. Retrieved June 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Alicia Silverstone, Mena Suvari snag TV Land series 'AMERICAN WOMAN'". Laughspin. November 7, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "American Woman Episode Guide". Zap2it. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (June 8, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.7.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (June 15, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.14.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (June 22, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.21.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (June 29, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.28.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (June 2, 2015). "Kyle Richards & John Wells Producing '70s TV Land Comedy Based On Richards' Life". Deadline. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (November 7, 2017). "'American Woman': Kyle Richards Dramedy Starring Alicia Silverstone Gets TV Land Series Order". Deadline. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Wagmeister, Elizabeth (November 7, 2016). "TV Land Greenlights Alicia Silverstone, Mena Suvari's Dramedy 'American Woman'". Variety. Retrieved November 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 30, 2017). "Paramount Network Sets Slate For 2018 Launch With 2 TV Land Series & 'Waco', Renews 'Lip Sync Battle' For Season 4". Deadline. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Otterson, Joe (August 14, 2017). "'American Woman' Changes Showrunners Ahead of Paramount Network Debut". Variety. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "New Scripted Dramedy AMERICAN WOMAN Premieres on Paramount Network, 6/7". Broadway World. January 16, 2018. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (July 25, 2016). "Alicia Silverstone To Star In 'American Woman' TV Land Pilot Inspired By Kyle Richards". Deadline. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (August 12, 2016). "Mena Suvari Joins 'American Woman' Pilot; Osi Okerafor In 'Roadside Picnic'". Deadline. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (August 29, 2016). "Cheyenne Jackson & Jennifer Bartels Join 'American Woman' TV Land Pilot". Deadline. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (May 18, 2017). "'American Woman' Casts Diandra Lyle; Chelsea Talmadge Joins 'Halt And Catch Fire'". Deadline. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (June 13, 2017). "'Major Crimes' Casts James Martinez; 'American Woman' Adds Sam Morgan". Deadline. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "New Scripted Dramedy AMERICAN WOMAN, Starring Alicia Silverstone Begins Production". Broadway World. April 20, 2017. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Nolfi, Joey (March 27, 2018). "Alicia Silverstone serves '70s sass in exclusive 'American Woman' first look photos". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ Nolfi, Joey (May 3, 2018). "Exclusive: Alicia Silverstone, Kelly Clarkson remix history in first 'American Woman' trailer". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ Hopewell, John; Keslassy, Elsa (March 28, 2018). "'Succession,' 'American Woman,' 'Autonomies,' 'Rain' Set for Series Mania in Lille". Variety. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ Tutt, Louise (March 28, 2018). "Series Mania 2018 competition line-up includes Jesse Armstrong, Abi Morgan projects". Screen Daily. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ Bellet, Nicolas (April 30, 2018). "Séries Mania 2018 : American Woman, une série 70's dans l'air du temps [critique]". Premiere (in French). Retrieved May 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ Turchiano, Danielle (February 6, 2018). "'Queen Sugar,' 'The Bold Type,' 'Drunk History' Among Programming Announced for ATX Television Festival Season 7". Variety. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "American Woman: Season 1 - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "American Woman: Season 1 - Metacritic". Metacritic. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (June 21, 2018). "'Cloak & Dagger' premiere makes good gains in cable Live +7 ratings for June 4–10". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (July 5, 2018). "'Yellowstone' premiere scores in cable Live +7 ratings for June 18-24". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
American Woman on IMDb
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