text:
Special economic zones of China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Special Economic Zones
A map showing the locations of the Special Economic Zones
Simplified Chinese
经济特区
Traditional Chinese
經濟特區
showTranscriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Jīngjì Tèqū
Wu
Romanization
Jin平 je入 tah平 chi平
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping
Ging1zai3 Dak6keoi1
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ
Keng-chè Te̍k-khu
Special economic zones of China (SEZs) are special economic zones located in mainland China. The government of China gives SEZs special (more free market-oriented) economic policies and flexible governmental measures. This allows SEZs to utilize an economic management system that is more attractive for foreign and domestic firms to do business in than the rest of mainland China. In SEZs, "...foreign and domestic trade and investment are conducted without the authorization of the Chinese central government in Beijing." [1] SEZs offer "tax and business incentives to attract foreign investment and technology".[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 List of SEZs
3 Economic policies of SEZs[citation needed]
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
In the late 1970s, and especially at the 3rd Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in December 1978, the Chinese government initiated its policy of reform and opening up. Officials in Guangdong led by Provincial Party Secretary Xi Zhongxun seized the initiative, starting with an investment project in Shekou prepared by Yuan Geng on behalf of the Hong Kong-based China Merchants Steam Navigation Company. This project, initially a ship breaking facility, was approved by Li Xiannian on January 31, 1979. In April 1979, Xi Zhongxun and other Guangdong officials presented in Beijing a proposal to give broader flexibility to the coastal provinces of Guangdong and Fujian to attract foreign investment, with additional exemptions in four locations, namely Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shantou in Guangdong and Xiamen in Fujian. For these, Deng Xiaoping coined the name "special zones" with reference to the designation of another border region during China's Civil War. The proposal was approved on July 15 and the four special zones were officially established on August 26, 1979.[2]
In 1984, China further opened 14 coastal cities to overseas investment: Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Shanghai, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang and Beihai. Since 1988, mainland China's opening to the outside world has been extended to its border areas, areas along the Yangtze River and inland areas. First, the state decided to turn Hainan Island into mainland China's biggest special economic zone (approved by the 1st session of the 7th NPC in 1988) and to enlarge the other four special economic zones.[citation needed]
Shortly afterwards, the State Council expanded the open coastal areas, extending into an open coastal belt the open economic zones of the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Triangle in south Fujian, Shandong Peninsula, Liaodong Peninsula (Liaoning Province), Hebei and Guangxi. In June 1990, the Chinese government opened the Pudong New Area in Shanghai to overseas investment, and additional cities along the Yangtze River valley, with Shanghai's Pudong New Area as its "dragon head."[citation needed]
Since 1992, the State Council has opened a number of border cities, and in addition, opened all the capital cities of inland provinces and autonomous regions. In addition, 15 free trade zones, 32 state-level economic and technological development zones, and 53 new and high-tech industrial development zones have been established in large and medium-sized cities. As these open areas adopt different preferential policies, they play the dual roles of "windows" in developing the foreign-oriented economy, generating foreign exchanges through exporting products and importing advanced technologies and of "radiators" in accelerating inland economic development.[citation needed]
Primarily geared to exporting processed goods, the five SEZs are foreign trade-oriented areas which integrate science, innovation and industry with trade. Foreign firms benefit from preferential policies such as lower tax rates, reduced regulations and special managerial systems. In 1999, Shenzhen's new-and high-tech industry reached an output value of high-tech products of 81.98 billion yuan, making up 40.5% of the city's total industrial output value.[citation needed]
Since its founding in 1992, the Shanghai Pudong New Zone has made progress in both absorbing foreign capital and accelerating the economic development of the Yangtze River valley. The government has extended special preferential policies to the Pudong New Zone that are not yet enjoyed by the special economic zones. For instance, in addition to the preferential policies of reducing or eliminating Customs duties and income tax common to the economic and technological development zones, the state also permits the zone to allow foreign business people to open financial institutions and run tertiary industries. In addition, the state has given Shanghai permission to set up a stock exchange, expand its examination and approval authority over investments and allow foreign-funded banks to engage in RMB business. In 1999, the GDP of the Pudong New Zone came to 80 billion yuan, and the total industrial output value, 145 billion yuan.[citation needed]
In May 2010, the PRC designated the city of Kashgar in Xinjiang a SEZ. Kashgar's annual growth rate was 17.4 percent from 2009, and Kashgar's designation has since increased tourism and real estate prices in the city. Kashgar is close to China's border with the independent states of former Soviet Central Asia and the SEZ seeks to capitalize on international trade links between China and those states.[3]
List of SEZs[edit]
As part of its economic reforms and policy of opening to the world, between 1980 and 1984 China established special economic zones (SEZs) in Shantou, Shenzhen, and Zhuhai in Guangdong Province and Xiamen in Fujian Province and designated the entire island province of Hainan a special economic zone.
In 1984, China opened 14 other coastal cities to overseas investment (listed north to south): Dalian, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Yantai, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Nantong, Shanghai, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Zhanjiang, and Beihai.
Then, beginning in 1985, the central government expanded the coastal area by establishing the following open economic zones (listed north to south): Liaodong Peninsula, Hebei Province (which surrounds Beijing and Tianjin), Shandong Peninsula, Yangtze River Delta, Xiamen-Zhangzhou-Quanzhou Triangle in southern Fujian Province, Pearl River Delta, and Guangxi.
In 1990, the Chinese government decided to open the Pudong New Zone in Shanghai to overseas investment, as well as more cities in the Yang Zi River Valley.
Since 1992, the State Council has opened a number of border cities and all the capital cities of inland provinces and autonomous regions.
In addition, 15 free-trade zones, 32 state-level economic and technological development zones, and 53 new and high-tech industrial development zones have been established in large and medium-sized cities. As a result, a multilevel diversified pattern of opening and integrating coastal areas with river, border, and inland areas has been formed in China.
Type
City
Province
Special Economic Zone, City Shenzhen Guangdong
Haining Zhejiang
Zhuhai Guangdong
Shantou Guangdong
Xiamen Fujian
Kashgar Xinjiang
Special Economic Zone, Province - Hainan
Coastal Development Areas Dalian Liaoning
Qinhuangdao Hebei
Tianjin -
Yantai Shandong
Qingdao Shandong
Lianyungang Jiangsu
Nantong Jiangsu
Shanghai -
Ningbo Zhejiang
Wenzhou Zhejiang
Fuzhou Fujian
Guangzhou Guangdong
Zhanjiang Guangdong
Beihai Guangxi
Economic policies of SEZs[citation needed][edit]
Special tax incentives for foreign investments in the SEZs.
Greater independence on international trade activities.
Economic characteristics are represented as "4 principles":
Construction primarily relies on attracting and utilizing foreign capital
Primary economic forms are Sino-foreign joint ventures and partnerships as well as wholly foreign-owned enterprises
Products are primarily export-oriented
Economic activities are primarily driven by market forces
SEZs are listed separately in the national planning (including financial planning) and have province-level authority on economic administration. SEZs local congress and government have legislation authority.
Leong (2012) investigates the role of special economic zones (SEZs) in liberalizing the Chinese and Indian economies and their impact on economic growth. The policy change to a more liberalized economy is identified using SEZ variables as instrumental variables. The results indicate that export and FDI growth have positive and statistically significant effects on economic growth in these countries. The presence of SEZs increases regional growth but increasing the number of SEZs has negligible effect on growth. The key to faster economic growth appears to be a greater pace of liberalization.
See also[edit]
Metropolitan regions of China
Economy of China
Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
New areas
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "special economic zone (SEZ) - Chinese economics".
Jump up ^ Ezra Vogel (2011). Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 398.
Jump up ^ Fish, Isaac Stone (2010-09-25). "A New Shenzhen". Newsweek. Retrieved 2011-07-29.
References[edit]
Chee Kian Leong, 2007, A Tale of Two Countries: Openness and Growth in China and India [1], Dynamics, Economic Growth, and International Trade (DEGIT) Conference Paper.
Chee Kian Leong, (forthcoming), Special economic zones and growth in China and India: an empirical investigation,[2] International Economics and Economic Policy.
External links[edit]
Chung-Tong Wu. China's special economic zones: five years later – Asian Journal of Public Administration
Special Economic Zones: Lessons from China by Bhaskar Goswami
Coordination of tax legislation of special zones in Mainland China
Support service to enter development Zones to Mainland China
show
v
t
e
Economic Development Zones of China
Special Economic Zones
Shenzhen
Zhuhai
Shantou
Xiamen
Kashgar
Hainan Province
New open development zones
Dalian
Qingdao
Qinhuangdao
Lianyungang
Pudong
Yantai
Zhanjiang
Ningbo
Wenzhou
Nantong
Fuzhou
Guangzhou
Beihai
Shuyang
show
v
t
e
China articles
History
China
timeline
Ancient China (outline) (2070–221 BCE)
Imperial China (221 BCE–1911 CE)
Republic of China (1912–1949)
People's Republic of China−PRC
PRC 1949–76
PRC 1976–89
PRC 1989–2002
PRC since 2002
Years in the PRC
Geography
Natural environment
Overviews
Borders
Extreme points
Geology
Natural disasters
Regions
East
Northeast
North
South Central
Central
South
Western
Northwest
Southwest
Terrain
Bays
Canyons
Caves
Deserts
Grasslands
Hills
Islands
Mountains
ranges
passes
Peninsulas
Northeast / North / Central Plains
Valleys
Volcanoes
Water
Canals
Lakes
Rivers
Waterfalls
Wetlands
Water resources
Seas
Bohai
Yellow
East China
South China
Reserves
Protected areas
National parks
Nature reserves
UNESCO Biosphere Reserves
Wildlife
Fauna
Flora
Government
Politics
Economy
Government
and politics
Civil service
Constitution
Elections
Environmental policy
Foreign relations
Military (People's Liberation Army)
National People's Congress
Standing Committee
National security
Political parties and movements
Communist Party
General Secretary
Politburo
Democratic Parties
Anti-democratisation
Pro-democratisation
President
Vice President
State Council
Premier
Vice Premier
Administrative
divisions
Baseline islands
Border crossings
Cities
Province-level subdivisions
Law
Judicial system
Human rights
LGBT
Law enforcement
Nationality law
Penal system
Economy
Agriculture
Banking
Central bank
Economic history
Energy
Petroleum industry
Renewable energy
Finance system
Foreign aid received
Foreign aid program
Historical GDP
International rankings
Poverty
Reform
Renminbi (currency)
Science and technology
history
Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
Standard of living
Telecommunications
Tourism
AAAAA Tourist Attractions of China
Transport
airports
ports and harbors
People
Society
Culture
People
Demographics
Emigration
Ethnic groups
Internal migration
Statistics
Urbanization
Society
Anthem
Chinese Dream
Corruption
Crime
Emblem
Education
universities
Flag
"Generation Y"
Harmonious Socialist Society
HIV/AIDS
Intellectualism
Languages
Poverty
Public health
food safety
incidents
Public holidays
Rural life
Sexuality
Socialism with Chinese characteristics
Social issues
Social relations
Social structure
Social welfare
Suicide
Terrorism
Time zones
Urban life
Water supply and sanitation
Women
Xiaokang (middle-class)
Primary stage of socialism
Culture
Archaeology
Archives
Art
Cinema
Cuisine
Dance
Gardens
Libraries
Literature
Martial arts
Media
newspapers
radio
television
Music
Parks
Philosophy
Religion
Smoking
Sports
Tea culture
Tourism
Variety arts
World Heritage Sites
Index
Category
Portal
show
v
t
e
Economy of China
Companies of China
History
History
Reform
Five-year plans
Industrial Revolution
Iron rice bowl
Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns
Great Leap Forward
Four Modernizations
Socialist market economy
"Grasping the large, letting go of the small"
Scientific Development Concept
Historical GDP
Industries
Industry (history)
Advanced materials
Aquaculture
Automotive
Aviation
Aircraft
Aerospace
Beer
Biotechnology
Business process outsourcing
Cement
Coffee
Container
Cotton
Electric motor
Electric power
Electronics
Film
Fishing
Gambling
Hedge fund
Internet
Media
Mining (Gold mining)
Mobile phone
Online gaming
Pearl farming
Pharmaceuticals & Pharmacy
Publishing & Academic publishing
Radio
Railway (Equipment)
Rare earth
Real estate
Renewable energy
Securities
Sex toys
Shipping
Silk
Software
Steel
Telecommunications
Television (Digital)
Tourism
Textiles
Video gaming
Wine
Development Zones
Special Economic Zones
Suzhou Industrial Park
Dalian Software Park
Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park
Metropolitan regions of China
Energy
Energy policy
Coal
Oil
Oil shale
Oil refineries
Nuclear
Renewable
Wind
Solar
Geothermal
Trade and infrastructure
Trade history
World Trade Center
Transport
Communications
Postal history
Tourism
Shipping
Illegal drug trade
Hong Kong Trade Development Council
Ports
Water supply and sanitation
Exports
Trading partners
Law and regulations
Tax system
Labor contract law
Labor relations
Food safety
Intellectual property
Finance and banking
Financial system
Financial services
Chinese currency
Chinese yuan
Renminbi
China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation
Banking
History
Central bank
Other banks
Foreign exchange reserve
Beijing Financial Street
Stock Exchange Executive Council
Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE Composite Index)
Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE Component Index)
Dalian Commodity Exchange
Shanghai Metal Exchange
Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange
Hedge fund industry
Accounting
Government institutions
National Development and Reform Commission
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Commerce
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
SASAC
State Administration for Industry and Commerce
State Administration of Taxation
All-China Federation of Trade Unions
China Council for the Promotion of International Trade
General Administration of Customs
China Banking Regulatory Commission
China Securities Regulatory Commission
China Insurance Regulatory Commission
State Administration of Foreign Exchange
Statistics
All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce
CITIC Group
China Investment Corporation
National Energy Commission
China-Africa Development Fund
Development
International rankings
Social welfare
Poverty
Corruption
Standard of living
Foreign aid
Urbanization
Internal migration
Emigration
Rural credit cooperative
National economic initiatives
Belt and Road Initiative
Go Out policy
Made in China 2025
National Innovative Enterprises
Youth Business China
Regional economic initiatives
Pearl River Delta Economic Zone
Bohai Economic Rim
China Western Development
Rise of Central China Plan
Northeast China Revitalization
Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone
Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone
Beibu Gulf Economic Rim
Central Plains Economic Zone
Closer Economic Partnership Arrangements (Hong Kong)
Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement
Events
2005–2011 property bubble
2007 export / pet food recalls
2007 stock bubble
2007 Slave scandal
2008–2009 economic stimulus plan
2010 Expo
2015–16 stock market turbulence (EU Referendum)
Protein export contamination
Related topics
Agriculture
Bankruptcy
Companies
Largest
Top 500
Largest SOEs
The Hongs
Demographics
Globalization
Globalization and women
National Standards
China Compulsory Certificate
Made in China
Chinese people by net worth
Chinese economists
Science and technology
See also: Category
Outline of China
Economy of East Asia
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special_economic_zones_of_China&oldid=843112581"
Categories:
Special Economic Zones of China
Economic development in China
Industry in China
Trade in China
Hidden categories:
Articles containing Chinese-language text
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Català
Esperanto
فارسی
Français
မြန်မာဘာသာ
Nederlands
Norsk
Polski
Português
Русский
3 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 May 2018, at 23:51 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

values: text-align:center;font-size: 125%; background-color: #b0c4de;

attrs: scope style

values: row font-weight:normal;

attrs: lang title

values:
zh-Hans
Chinese language text

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc;

values:
/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin
mw-redirect
Hanyu Pinyin

values: collapsible collapsed mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values:
/wiki/Party_Secretary
mw-redirect
Party Secretary

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: State Council of the People's Republic of China

values:
/wiki/Gross_Domestic_Product
mw-redirect
Gross Domestic Product

values: Edit section: Economic policies of SEZs[citation needed]

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Economic and Technological Development Zones

values:
/wiki/Special_Economic_Zones_of_China
mw-redirect
Special Economic Zones of China

values:
navbox-image
2
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Ancient_China
mw-redirect
Ancient China

values:
/wiki/Imperial_China
mw-redirect
Imperial China

values: History of the People's Republic of China

values: History of the People's Republic of China (1949–76)

values: History of the People's Republic of China (1976–89)

values: History of the People's Republic of China (1989–2002)

values: History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present)

values: List of years in the People's Republic of China

values:
GeographyNatural_environment
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
hlist hlist-separated

values:
/wiki/Extreme_points_of_China
mw-redirect
Extreme points of China

values:
/wiki/List_of_regions_of_China
mw-redirect
List of regions of China

values:
/wiki/Central_Plain_(China)
mw-redirect
Central Plain (China)

values: List of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in China

values:
/wiki/Fauna_of_China
mw-redirect
Fauna of China

values:
GovernmentPoliticsEconomy
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
hlist hlist-separated

values: Civil Service of the People's Republic of China

values: Constitution of the People's Republic of China

values: Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

values: General Secretary of the Communist Party of China

values: Politburo of the Communist Party of China

values:
/wiki/Chinese_skepticism_of_democracy
mw-redirect
Chinese skepticism of democracy

values: President of the People's Republic of China

values: Vice President of the People's Republic of China

values: Premier of the People's Republic of China

values: Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China

values: Baselines of the Chinese territorial sea

values:
/wiki/Nationality_law_of_China
mw-redirect
Nationality law of China

values: Economic history of China (1949–present)

values:
/wiki/Chinese_financial_system
mw-redirect
Chinese financial system

values: Technological and industrial history of China

values:
PeopleSocietyCulture
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
hlist hlist-separated

values:
/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_China
mw-redirect
List of ethnic groups in China

values: National Emblem of the People's Republic of China

values:
/wiki/China%27s_Generation_Y
mw-redirect
China's Generation Y

values:
/wiki/Harmonious_Socialist_Society
mw-redirect
Harmonious Socialist Society

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Category:Economic history of the People's Republic of China

values:
/wiki/Industrial_Revolution_in_China
mw-redirect
Industrial Revolution in China

values: Grasping the large, letting go of the small

values:
/wiki/Scientific_Development_Concept
mw-redirect
Scientific Development Concept

values: China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation

values: Electric motor manufacturing industry in China

values:
/wiki/Oil_refineries_in_China
mw-redirect
Oil refineries in China

values: History of trade for the People's Republic of China

values: Postage stamps and postal history of China

values:
/wiki/Chinese_shipping
mw-redirect
Chinese shipping

values:
/wiki/Ports_of_China
mw-redirect
Ports of China

values: List of the largest trading partners of China

values: Labour Contract Law of the People's Republic of China

values:
/wiki/Chinese_currency
mw-redirect
Chinese currency

values:
/wiki/Chinese_yuan
mw-redirect
Chinese yuan

values: China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation

values: National Development and Reform Commission

values: Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China

values: Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China

values: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

values: State Administration for Industry and Commerce

values: State Administration of Foreign Exchange

values: All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce

values:
/wiki/Development_regions_of_China
mw-redirect
Development regions of China

values:
/wiki/Northeast_China_Revitalization
mw-redirect
Northeast China Revitalization

values: Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement

values: United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016

values: List of State-owned enterprises in China

values:
/wiki/List_of_GB_standards
mw-redirect
List of GB standards

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Special Economic Zones of China

values: Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Special_economic_zones_of_China
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Regió Econòmica Especial de la República Popular de la Xina – Catalan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values: منطقه ویژه اقتصادی چین – Persian

values: Zone économique spéciale en Chine – French

values: တရုတ်နိုင်ငံ၏ အထူးစီးပွားရေးဇုံများ – Burmese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-my
display: none;

values: Speciale Economische Zone (China) – Dutch

values: Folkerepublikken Kinas spesielle økonomiske soner – Norwegian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: Specjalne strefy ekonomiczne Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej – Polish

values: Zonas Econômicas Especiais da China – Portuguese

values: Особые экономические зоны Китая – Russian

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Special_economic_zones_of_China rootpage-Special_economic_zones_of_China skin-vector action-view