text:
Thermomix
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Thermomix
The Vorwerk Thermomix logo
Inventor
Carl Vorwerk
Inception
1961
Manufacturer
Vorwerk
Current supplier
Depends on country
Website
thermomix.vorwerk.com
Thermomix TM5 (2016)
Thermomix TM 31 (2004)
Thermomix TM 21 (1996)
Thermomix TM 3300 (1982)
The Thermomix is a kitchen appliance made by the Corporate Group Vorwerk.
The word “Thermomix” comes from the combination of “thermo” (heating) and “mix” (mixing). The current Thermomix provides three basic functions: A heating element, a motor for fast or slow blending and stirring, and a scale that can weigh the stack of cooking pots and pans. The functions can be accessed simultaneously to provide what the manufacturer calls "12 functions": steaming, emulsifying, blending, precise heating, mixing, milling, whipping, kneading, chopping, weighing, grinding and stirring. Several of these differ only by the speed of the motor.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Features
3 Marketing and distribution
4 Models
5 Differences between the TM5 and the TM31
6 Criticism
7 Product recall
8 References
History[edit]
The Thermomix was derived from a mixer series from Vorwerk originally called "VKM5", in 1961. It had seven functions: stirring, kneading, chopping, grating, mixing, milling and juicing. The justification for the development of the heating element comes from the managing director of Vorwerk France, who around 1970 came up with the idea of designing a machine that could simultaneously blend and cook, in order to make thickened soups and baby food, popular in France. A year later, in 1971, the original Thermomix VM 2000 was launched on the market – first in France, then later in Spain and Italy.[1]
The VM 2200 followed as the second model in the line, designed in bright orange color and with the ability to keep dishes hot or cold. The TM3300, the first version with the name "Thermomix" was released in 1985, but this time with a more standard white finish and having the mixing bowl in a lower position than the previous model.
The next model, the Thermomix TM21, was released in 1996, with a bigger bowl, integrated weighing scale and a more modern design. A re-designed model TM31 was released in 2004, which has been again revised with the TM5 (as in 5th generation) in September 2014. One of the main differences in the new model is that it incorporates digital technologies, as it allows for "guided cooking" using proprietary memory chips to provide settings and cooking instructions, and has replaced all the buttons and knobs in previous models with a touch screen.
The chronology of Thermomix models is as follows:
Thermomix VKM5 (1961)
Thermomix VM 10 (decade of 1960s)
Thermomix VM 2000 (1971)
Thermomix VM 2200 (1977)
Thermomix TM 3000 (1980)
Thermomix TM 3300 (1982)
Thermomix TM 21 (1996)
Thermomix TM 31 (2004)
Thermomix TM 5 (2014)
75% of the machines sold come from Cloyes-sur-le-Loir in France;[2] the remaining are produced in Wuppertal-Laaken in Germany.[3] Both factories have been expanded.[4]
Features[edit]
The Thermomix differs from ordinary blenders and food processors in having a thermostatically controlled heating element which has a range of 37 °C (99 °F) to 120 °C (248 °F) in the TM5 model (and 100 °C (212 °F) in the TM31 and previous models), a timer, and a built in scale for weighing directly into the appliance.
The high price of up to US$1,500 makes it a luxury item for the layperson.
Marketing and distribution[edit]
The Thermomix is sold through direct sales by so-called "Thermomix consultants".
Vorwerk claims the appliance may be used to prepare complete meals with no need for advanced culinary knowledge.[5]
Models[edit]
There are currently 3 models which are used around the world: the TM21, TM31 and TM5.
The newest model is the TM5 though it is not available in some regions yet. Given that Vorwerk traditionally has a European and Australian audience, the 220 volts model was the first to be released. The TM5 started selling in Canada in June 2015, and in the USA in December 2015, starting in California.
Differences between the TM5 and the TM31[edit]
The TM5 is a digital Thermomix. It has recipe chips, a new, quieter motor, a new butterfly, a new measuring cup, a new mixing bowl, a new varoma (the steamer), an increased temperature limit (120 °C (248 °F)), a new recipe book and a friendly user interface.
The TM31 is a manual Thermomix with push buttons, unlike the touch screen of the new TM5. It can do the same things as the TM5 but the mixing bowl and varoma have a lower capacity. The TM31 does not have recipe chips but most of the recipes in the TM5 recipe book can be attempted in the TM31.
Criticism[edit]
In 2010 Stiftung Warentest rated the model TM 31 with mark 3.2 (satisfactory). Mainly the high price of 985 Euro, the noise level and that grating and slicing is not possible was criticised.[6] The successor model TM 5 was rated in 2015 with mark 2.9 (satisfactory). The noise level (measured at 91 decibel by stirring water) was again criticised and the testers named this as the reason why it was rated down.[7] In 2014 Thermomix was awarded a "Shonky Award" by the Australian consumer advocate CHOICE, for the "flawed launch of its new model".[8]
There have been numerous accounts of a Thermomix machine "exploding" and burning people with scalding liquids.[9][10] In October 2014 the model was recalled over claims that hot liquid or food may splash out of the mixing bowl.[11] CHOICE has called for an ACCC investigation.[12] In June 2017 the ACCC started court proceedings against the Australian Thermomix distributor, alleging that it breached Australian Consumer Law, failed to comply with mandatory reporting requirements for injuries, asked consumers to sign non-disclosure agreements and made false and misleading statements about its 2014 recall.[13]
CHOICE has told the ABC it is aware of 87 separate cases where Thermomix consumers have been burned. The ABC understands 18 of those required several weeks of treatment in hospital burns units.[14]
Product recall[edit]
In 2014 Thermomix TM31 was recalled in Australia. The ACCC issued the recall notice 2014/14361 in October 2014. The sealing ring was identified as a point of possible failure in circumstances where the machine was operated at high RPMs and then switched to the lid open position. Service numbers starting from 124231XX to 143231XX. Vorwerk shipped all affected owners a replacement sealing ring in November 2014.[15]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "HISTORIA DE THERMOMIX" (in Spanish). Vorwerk. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
Jump up ^ Berkovicius, Christine (12 August 2015). "L'usine Thermomix dopée par le succès de son robot ménager" (in French). LesEchos.fr. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
Jump up ^ abendblatt.de: “Ein Leben ohne Thermomix ist möglich, aber sinnlos“(in German) Hamburger Abendblatt, retrieved on October 12, 2015
Jump up ^ Zacharakis, Zacharias (10 December 2014). "Häckseln für den Lifestyle" (in German). ZEIT ONLINE. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Thermomix TM31 Instruction Manual (PDF).
Jump up ^ Küchenmaschinen: Die Küchenprofis test.de (in German)
Jump up ^ https://www.test.de/Kuechenmaschinen-mit-Kochfunktion-Drei-von-neun-sind-gut-4947836-0/ Küchenmaschinen mit Kochfunktion: Drei von neun sind gut test.de (in German)
Jump up ^ https://www.choice.com.au/about-us/media-releases/2014/october/2014-shonky-award-winners
Jump up ^ http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/food/mums-terrible-burns-after-thermomix-bursts-open/news-story/fd3e5a5e43758759b0fc681ab1e877e9
Jump up ^ https://www.choice.com.au/home-and-living/kitchen/all-in-one-kitchen-machines/articles/thermomix-faulty-sealing-ring-safety-risk
Jump up ^ http://www.applianceretailer.com.au/2016/03/burn-out-popular-appliance-badly-injures-woman/
Jump up ^ http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2016/03/04/choice-calls-accc-investigation-after-thermomix-explosion
Jump up ^ http://www.smh.com.au/business/consumer-affairs/thermomix-distributor-taken-to-court-for-allegedly-misleading-consumers-20170616-gwsbqz.html
Jump up ^ http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-05-12/consumer-advocate-presents-87-thermomix-burns-cases-to-watchdog/7406096
Jump up ^ "Vorwerk Elektowerke GmbH & Co. KG—Thermomix TM31 Sealing Ring". www.recalls.gov.au. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thermomix&oldid=802815669"
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Uno (card game)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the video game adaptation, see Uno (video game).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
UNO
Type
Shedding-type
Players
2 – 10[1]
Skills required
Keeping important cards for later, knowing when to put them down, concealing your hand.
Age range
5+[1]
Cards
108
Playing time
Normally up to an hour but can go higher
Random chance
easy
Uno (/ˈuːnoʊ/; from Italian and Spanish for 'one') (stylized as UNO) is an American card game that is played with a specially printed deck (see Crazy Eights for a family of games very similar to Uno but played with normal playing cards). The game was originally developed in 1971 by Merle Robbins in Reading, Ohio, a suburb of Cincinnati. It has been a Mattel brand since 1992. The game's general principles put it into the Crazy Eights family of card games. When his family and friends began to play more and more, he spent $8,000 to have 5,000 copies of the game made. He sold it from his barbershop at first, and local businesses began to sell it as well. Robins later sold the rights to UNO to a group of friends headed by Robert Tezak, a funeral parlor owner in Joliet, Illinois, for $50,000 plus royalties of 10 cents per game. Tezak formed International Games, Inc., to market UNO, with offices behind his funeral parlor. The games were produced by Lewis Saltzman of Saltzman Printers in Maywood, Illinois. In 1992, International Games became part of the Mattel family of companies.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Official rules
1.1 Penalties
1.2 Two-player game
1.3 House rules
2 Strategies
3 Card and deck styles
4 Theme packs
4.1 Themed My First Uno games
4.2 Themed video games
4.3 Themed sports teams
5 Special Uno games
6 Video games
7 Variations
7.1 Alternative Game Play
7.2 Alternative Games Featuring Uno Deck
8 Similar games
9 Notes
10 References
11 Bibliography
Official rules[edit]
A deck of English Uno cards from 1994. This particular deck uses the older card design, where letters appear on the action cards instead of symbols.
UNO cards deck
The aim of the game is to be the first player to score 500 points, achieved (usually over several rounds of play) by a player discarding all of their cards and earning points corresponding to the value of the remaining cards still held by the other players.
The deck consists of 108 cards, of which there are 25 of each color (red, green, blue, and yellow), each color having two of each rank except zero. The ranks in each color are zero to nine, "Skip", "Draw Two", and "Reverse" (the last three being "action cards"). In addition, the deck contains four each of "Wild" and "Wild Draw Four" cards.
To start a hand, seven cards are dealt to each player, and the top card of the deck is flipped over and set aside to begin the discard pile. The player to the dealer's left plays first, unless the first card on the discard pile is an action or Wild card (see below). On a player's turn, they must do one of the following:
play a card matching the discard in color, number, or symbol
play a Wild card, or a playable Wild Draw Four card (see restriction below)
draw the top card of the deck
Play proceeds clockwise around the table.
Action and Wild cards have the following effects:
Card
Effect when played from hand
Effect as first discard
Skip Next player in sequence misses a turn Player to dealer's left misses a turn
Draw Two Next player in sequence draws two cards and misses a turn Player to dealer's left draws two cards and misses a turn
Reverse Order of play switches directions (clockwise to counterclockwise, or vice versa) Dealer plays first; play proceeds counterclockwise
Wild Player declares next color to be matched (may be used on any turn even if the player has matching color) Player to dealer's left declares starting color, then plays normally
Wild Draw Four Player declares next color to be matched; next player in sequence draws four cards and misses a turn. May be legally played only if the player has no cards of the current color (see Penalties) Return card to deck, shuffle, flip top card to start discard pile
A player who draws from the deck must either play or keep that card, and may play no other card from their hand on that turn.
A player may play a Wild card at any time, even if that player has other playable cards.
A player may play a Wild Draw Four card only if that player has no cards matching the current color. The player may have cards of a different color matching the current number or symbol or a Wild card and still play the Wild Draw Four card.[3] A player who plays a Wild Draw Four may be challenged by the next player in sequence (see Penalties) to prove that their hand meets this condition.
If the entire deck is used during play, the top discard is set aside and the rest of the pile is shuffled to create a new deck. Play then proceeds normally.
It is illegal to trade cards of any sort with another player.
A player who plays their next-to-last-card must call "Uno" as a warning to the other players.[4]
The first player to get rid of their last card ("going out") wins the hand and scores points for the cards held by the other players. Number cards count their face value, all action cards count 20, and Wild and Wild Draw Four cards count 50. If a Draw Two or Wild Draw Four card is played to go out, the next player in sequence must draw the appropriate number of cards before the score is tallied.
The first player to score 500 points wins the game.
Penalties[edit]
If a player lays down their next-to-last card without calling "Uno" and is caught before the next player in sequence takes a turn (i.e., plays a card from their hand, draws from the deck, or touches the discard pile), they must draw two cards. If the player is not caught in time (subject to interpretation), or remembers to call "Uno" before being caught, they suffer no penalty. If a player falsely calls "Uno" while having multiple cards in their hand, they draw four cards.[3]
If a player plays a Wild Draw Four card, the following player can challenge its use. The player who used the Wild Draw Four must privately show their hand to the challenging player, in order to demonstrate that they had no matching colored cards. If the challenge succeeds, the challenged player draws four cards; if it fails, the challenger draws six.[3]
Two-player game[edit]
In a two-player game, the Reverse card acts like a Skip card; when played, the other player misses a turn.
House rules[edit]
The following rules are commonly used by players to alter the game:
Progressive Uno: If a draw card is played, and the following player has the same card, they can play that card and "stack" the penalty, which adds to the current penalty and passes it to the following player.[3]
Seven-O: When a certain card is played, the player is able to trade hands with another player or with all players.[3]
Jump-In: Another player can assume control of the game if they have the exact same card that was last played (same number and color.)[3]
Strategies[edit]
A strategy at Uno may be offensive (aiming to go out), or defensive (aiming to minimize the value of one's hand, in the event that another player goes out, thus getting those points). Part of the skill of playing Uno is knowing when to adopt an offensive or defensive strategy.
An offensive strategy would be holding on to Wild and Wild Draw Four cards, because they can be played near the end of the hand in order to go out (when it's harder to play a matching card). However, a defensive strategy would advise getting rid of such cards early, because they have a high point value.
A defensive strategy would advise playing a high card in order to reduce the point value of the hand. However, an offensive strategy would suggest playing a 0 when the player wants to continue on the current color, because it is less likely to be matched by another 0 of a different color (there is only one 0 of each color, but two of each 1–9).
A player holding only one card is required to call out "Uno" or risk being penalized if caught. A player who calls "Uno" risks being the target of concerted action by the other players, who may be able to use action cards to prevent that player from going out. Depending on the level and seriousness of play, some players may deliberately avoid saying "Uno", in the hope of avoiding detection and then going out on the next turn. For this reason, it is useful to conceal how many cards are in your hand, and to keep track of how many cards every other player holds.
Little has been published on the optimal strategy for the game of Uno. Simulations of games may shed some light on the matter. Attempts to reduce point count in a player's hands can be "read" by other players if too transparent. This information can be exploited by other players, and it follows that a mixed strategy may be more appropriate.
Some work has been done into the psychology of Uno as it relates to individual and group behavior.[5] Players may exhibit physical tells,[6] in which a subtle, often repeated, cue inadvertently reveals their state of mind during a game. Alternatively, they may change their playing style, switching from an aggressive card-shedding strategy to a more subdued one, or vice versa.
Card and deck styles[edit]
The new Uno action cards bear symbols which denote their action, except for the Wild cards which still bear the word "Wild." Before the design change, such cards in English versions of the game had letters only. Especially old English versions can be denoted by the absence of the white rim that surrounds the edge of most Uno cards. Other versions use symbols and images in both old and new designs, especially ones with Wild cards that do not bear the word "Wild". The Xbox 360 version of the game uses the new English style of the cards. There are also language-free versions of the newer styles that do not bear the word "Wild" but have the same styling. There is a new version called "Uno Mod" where the cards have symbols instead of letters or numbers. This version also comes in a red and white case. It is one of several "Mod" games by Mattel, the others being Othello (game) Mod, Apples to Apples Mod, Phase 10 Mod, and Skip-Bo Mod.
Theme packs[edit]
There are many different themes and versions of Uno. These theme games may come with slightly different directions and special cards.
American Kennel Club (Herding Breeds) Uno
American Kennel Club (Non-Sporting Group) Uno (2006)
American Kennel Club (Sporting Group) Uno
American Kennel Club (Terrier Breeds) Uno
Angry Birds Uno (2012)
Arsenal Highbury Legends Uno (2007)
Avengers Uno (2015)
Avengers Assemble Uno (2013)
Bandai Uno[a]
Barbie Uno[b]
Barbie Cali Girl Edition Uno (2004)
Barbie - Life in the Dream House Uno (2014)
Batman Uno (2005)
Batman Begins Uno (2005)
Batman: The Dark Knight Uno (2008)
Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice Uno (2015)
Beach Uno (2011)
Betty Boop Uno (2005)
The Big Bang Theory Uno (2012)
Braille Uno (2012)
Care Bears Uno (2003)
Car-Go Uno (2004)
Cars Uno (2006)
Cars 2 Uno (2011)
Cars 3 Uno (2017)
Cinderella Uno (2012)
Coca-Cola Uno (1998, 2004)
Dare (2014)
DC Super Heroes Uno
Diary of a Wimpy Kid Uno (2012)
Disney Uno (2002)
Disney Electronic Uno (Classic) (2003)
Disney Electronic Uno (Modern)
Disney Fairies Uno (2009)
Disney Pixar Uno (2012)
Disney Princess Uno[c]
Disney Channel / Disney Shows Uno[d]
Disney Sofia The First Uno[e]
Disney Theme Park Uno[f]
Doc McStuffins Uno (2013)
Dog Uno (2003)
Doraemon Uno[g]
Doctor Who Uno (2007)
Elvis Uno (2000)
Emoji Uno
Eragon Uno (2006)
Family Guy Uno (2004)
Fantastic Four Uno (2005)
Fat Albert Uno (2005)
Ferrari Uno (2000)
Finding Dory Uno (2016)
Fishing Uno (2012)
Florida State University Uno (2011)
Fraggle Rock Uno[h]
Frozen Uno (2014)
Glee Uno (2011)
Ghostbusters Uno (2016)
Golden Compass Uno (2007)
Green Lantern Uno (2011)
Hairspray Uno (2007)
Hanna-Barbera Uno (2004)
Hannah Montana Backstage Pass Uno
Hannah Montana Best of Both Worlds Uno (2007)
Happy Feet Uno (2006)
Harry Potter Uno[i]
Hello Kitty Bow Uno (2012)
Hello Kitty Friendship Uno (2003)
Hi Hi Puffy Amiyumi Uno (2006)
High School Musical Uno (2006)
High School Musical 2 Uno (2007)
High School Musical 3 Uno (2008)
Holiday Uno (2009)
Hoops and Yoyo Uno
Horses Uno (2011)
Hot Death Uno (2001)
Hot Wheels Uno (2012)
House Rules Uno (1998)
Hulk Uno (2003)
H2O[j]
H2O To Go
H2O Splash (2005)
Iron Man 2 Uno (2010)
Jelly Belly Uno (2012)
John Deere Uno[k]
Kittens Uno
Kung Fu Panda Uno (2008)
Limited Too It's A Girl's World Uno (2008)
Macy's Parade Uno
Magic Tree House Uno (2007)
Marvel Heroes Uno (2010)
Mario Bros. Uno (2012)
Mini Party Favors Uno
Muppet Show Uno[l]
My Scene Uno (2005)
MyUno Uno (2005)
National Parks Uno (2002, 2009)
New York City Uno (2001)
NHL Uno
Nightmare Before Christmas Uno (2007)
Nintendo Uno (2004)
North American Wildlife Uno
Notre Dame Uno (2005)
NSYNC Uno(2000)
One Piece Uno (2003, 2011)
One Piece: The New World Uno (Japan-2012)
Over the Hedge Uno (2006)
Paw Patrol Uno (2015)
Peanuts Uno (2002)[m]
Peanuts – A Charlie Brown Christmas Uno[n]
Peanuts – It's the Great Pumpkin Uno (2006)
Peanuts - Be My Valentine Uno (2006)
Peanuts Movie Uno (2015)
Peanuts – Vintage Peanuts Uno (2005)
The Penguins of Madagascar Uno (2012)
Penn State University Uno
Phineas and Ferb Uno (2012)
Pinkalicious Uno (2010)
Pirates of the Caribbean Uno (2007)
Planes Uno (2013)
Planes - Fire and Rescue! Uno (2014)
Pokémon Uno (2006)
Pokémon: Best Wishes (Japan)
Pokémon: XY (Japan)
Polly Pocket Uno (2006)
Power Rangers Super Samurai Uno
Puppies Uno
Ratatouille Uno (2007)
Ren and Stimpy Uno (2004)
Retro Uno (2014)
Scooby-Doo Uno
Sesame Street Uno (2004)
Shopkins Uno (2015)
Shrek Uno
Shrek 2 Uno (2004)
Shrek the Third Uno[o]
The Simpsons Uno (2003)
The Simpsons (D'oh) Uno (2009)
The Simpsons: Springfield / Great Scot Uno (2006)
The Simpsons: Treehouse of Horror Uno (2005)
Sock Monkey Uno
South Park Uno (2004)
Speed Racer[p]
Spider-Man Uno (2002)
Spider-Man 2 Uno (2004)
Spider-Man Spider Sense Uno*
Marvel Ultimate Spider-Man Web-Warriors Uno (2014)
Splash Uno[q]*
Splash: Finding Dory Uno[r]
SpongeBob SquarePants #1[s]
SpongeBob SquarePants #2[t]
SpongeBob SquarePants #3[u]
SpongeBob SquarePants - Eye Eye SpongeBob! (2008)
SpongeBob SquarePants - Jellyfishing (2008)
SpongeBob SquarePants - Lost in Time (2006)
St. Louis Uno (2005)
Star Trek Uno[v]
Mattel-produced "Special Edition"[w]
Fundex Games "Collector's Edition"[x]
Star Wars: The Clone Wars Uno
Super Mario (2016)
Superman Uno (2005)
Superman Returns Uno (2005)
Sydney 2000 Uno (1999)
Teen Titans Uno (2006)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Uno (2014)
Texas Uno (2006)
Toy Story Uno (2010)
University of Alabama Uno
University of Florida Uno
University of Georgia Uno
University of Kentucky Uno
University of Michigan Uno
University of North Carolina Uno
University of Texas Uno
Uno (1971)
Uno 25th Anniversary (1996)
Uno 30th Anniversary (2001)
Uno 35th Anniversary (2011)
UNO in FitSand Travel Zipper Carry EVA Hard Case (2016)
Uno Deluxe in box[y]
Uno Deluxe in Wood Box
UNO With Customizable Wild Cards (2015)
Uno Mod (2010)
USA Uno
Vacation Uno[z]
Wilderness Uno (2016)
Wildlife Uno (2012)
Wizard of Oz Uno(2007) [aa]
WWE Legends Uno (2005)
X-Games (1999, 2007)
X-Men Uno (2003)
Note: * indicates HIT Entertainment character, by which Mattel acquired HIT in 2012.
Themed My First Uno games[edit]
Card sets only have 36 cards designed for children at least 3 years of age. These sets come in several variants, based on titles for children. My First Uno versions:
Angelina Ballerina Uno (2005)
Animals Uno
Bob The Builder Uno (2007)
Clifford the Big Red Dog
Curious George Uno (2005)
Dora the Explorer Uno (2003, 2010)
Elmo Uno
Handy Manny Uno (2009)
Disney's Jake and the Neverland Pirates Uno (2011)
Koala Brothers Uno (2005)
Little People Uno (2006)
Mickey Mouse Club Uno (2008)
Miss Spider's Sunny Patch Friends Uno (2006)
Rugrats Uno (1991)
Sesame Street Uno (2004)
SpongeBob SquarePants and Friends Uno (2012)
Thomas & Friends Uno (2010)
Where the Wild Things Are Uno (2007)
Winnie the Pooh and Friends Uno (2002, 2011, 2012)
Yo Gabba Gabba! Uno
Themed video games[edit]
Uno versions available on the Xbox 360:
Street Fighter II Uno[ab]
Project Gotham Racing Uno[ac]
Kameo: Elements of Power Uno[ad]
Uno 35th Anniversary (see above)
Themed sports teams[edit]
Several sports teams each have 112-card sets, featuring players from those teams. The special cards in each deck vary depending on the card set itself. The following teams have confirmed Uno sets.
Auburn Tigers (NCAA)
England FA (2010)
England Rugby (2010)
Manchester United
Hockey
Calgary Flames (2010)
NHL
NHL Stars of Finland
MLB All-Stars
American League (2005)
American League - Stars of the American League (2006)[ae]
American League - Baltimore Orioles Miguel Tejada
American League - Boston Red Sox (Regular (2004) and World Series editions (2007))
American League - Boston Red Sox David Ortiz Limited (2007)
American League - Chicago White Sox (2007)
American League - Chicago White Sox World Series Championship
American League - Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim (2005)
American League - New York Yankees (2006)
American League - New York Yankees Derek Jeter Limited (2007)
American League - Seattle Mariners (2003)
American League - Texas Rangers (2006)

National League
National League - MLB All Stars National League
National League - Chicago Cubs[af]
National League - Chicago Cubs: Derek Lee (2006)
National League - Houston Astros (2005)
National League - New York Mets (2005)
National League - New Your Mets: David Wright Special (2007)
National League - Philadelphia Phillies (2005)
National League - St. Louis Cardinals (2006)
NBA All-Stars
(East and West)
Eastern Conference - NBA All Stars Eastern Conference (2006)
Eastern Conference - Boston Celtics Legends (2005)
Eastern Conference - Cleveland Cavaliers: LeBron James Special Edition (2007)
Eastern Conference - New York Knicks (2006)
Western Conference - NBA All Stars Western Conference (2006)
Western Conference - Los Angeles Lakers Legends Edition (2006)
Western Conference - Los Angeles Lakers Kobe Bryant Special Edition (2007)
Western Conference - San Antonio Spurs (2006)
American Football
Chicago Bears (2006)
Dallas Cowboys (2006)
Green Bay Packers (2007)
Minnesota Vikings
National Football League NFC Edition (2006)
New England Patriots (2007)
New York Giants (2006)
New York Jets (2009)
NFL American League (2006)
NFL National League (2006)
Phil. Eagles (2006)
Pittsburgh Steelers (2006)
Super Bowl XL Steelers Special Edition (2006)
NFL Greatest Players Editions
Tom Brady (2007)
Reggie Bush(2007)
Brett Favre (2007)
LaDanian Tomlinson (2007)
Brian Urlacher (2007)
Special Uno games[edit]
Uno Attack (Uno Extreme in the UK and Canada) (1999)
Uno Attack Refill Deck
Uno Bingo (1997)
Uno Blast (2012)
Uno Blitzo (2000)
Uno Choo-Choo (2011)
Uno Color Screen
Uno Deluxe
Uno Dare (2014)
Uno Dice (1987, 1996, 2011)
Uno Dominoes (1986)
Electronic Uno
Uno Flash (2007)
Uno Flip (2009)
Giant Uno (2016)
Uno H2O (2004)
Uno H2O To Go
Uno Hearts (1994)
Uno Junior (1992)
King Size Uno The oversized cards have animal illustrations in addition to numbers (1-6) and colors to help children make matches. The deck also contains 4 wild cards, a Draw 2 card for each suit, and a Free Turn card for each suit. (1994)
Killer Uno (1995)
Uno Madness (1995)
Uno Moo (2008, 2014)
Uno Power Grab
Uno Reflex
Uno Roboto
Uno Royal Revenge Whoever wears the crown makes the rules! (2014)
Uno Rummy Up (1993)
Uno Spin (2005)
Uno Spin Hannah Montana (2005)
Uno Spin One Piece (Japan)
Uno Spin To Go (2010)
Uno Stacko (1994)
Travel Uno Stacko
Uno Tippo (2009)
Uno Slam
Uno Tiki Twist (2014)
Uno Wild Jackpot (2016)
Uno Wild Tiles (1982)
Get Wild for Uno (2016)
Video games[edit]
Hot Death UNO (IBM - 1993)
Uno (handheld video game - 2000)
Uno (handheld video game for the Game Boy Color of the classic Uno board game)
UNO DX (Japanese exclusive Sega Saturn game by Mitsui & Co. - 1998)
Uno (PlayStation Network)
Uno (Xbox Live Arcade)
Uno Rush (Xbox Live Arcade)
Uno Challenge (mobile version of the classic Uno board game)
Uno Free Fall (puzzle game for mobile phones)
Uno 52 (Nintendo Game Boy Advance)
Super Uno (Super Famicom)
Uno (Facebook) (Adobe Flash–based version of the classic Uno card game produced by GameHouse Studios)
Uno iPhone version featuring online and local play. Produced by Gameloft
Uno The same as on the iPhone, but with enhanced graphics. Produced by Gameloft
Uno Released as three versions: SD, HD and Free with adverts. Produced by Gameloft
Uno
Uno & Friends (various platforms)
Pocket Uno
Uno and UNO & Friends for Windows Phone
Uno Undercover (Windows)
Uno (2016 video game for PC, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One by Ubisoft)
Variations[edit]
Alternative Game Play[edit]
Many variations from standard gameplay exist, such as Elimination Uno, Speed Uno, French Uno, Pirate Uno, and Pakistani Uno.[7]
Alternative Games Featuring Uno Deck[edit]
Limonada
Similar games[edit]
Uno is a member of the shedding family of card games. The shedding family of card games consists of games where the objective is to get rid of all your cards while preventing the other players from getting rid of their cards.
AdrenalineUno
Crazy Eights
Boom-O
Eleusis
Last Card
Luck Plus
Macau
MAD Magazine Card Game
Mao
Mau Mau (game)
O'NO 99
One Card (game)
One Card - Stop (game)
Petei
Phase 10
Spaced Out (game)
SKIP-BO
Taki
UNO 2 DS
Whot!
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ A version released in Japan.
Jump up ^ Features the "friendship" card, where the player can swap his/her hand with another player. (2002, 2010)
Jump up ^ Features the Dragon Card, when played, all players must discard a prince card (regardless of color or number) to kill the dragon before continuing play. If a player does not have a prince card in their hand, they must pick up cards until they find a prince card. (2004) (2013)
Jump up ^ Deck features many of the characters on the Disney Channel.
Jump up ^ Card game in Foil Bag.
Jump up ^ Evil card: the player holding this card can steal the top card from the DISCARD pile at any point in the game, even if it's not his or her turn. (2005, 2012)
Jump up ^ Released in Japan
Jump up ^ Includes the Travel card (featuring Traveling Matt), which allows the player to "travel" to another player's spot and view his or her entire hand. (2006)
Jump up ^ which features a Draw Three (instead of Draw Two) card; also features a "howler" wild card where, if played, the player who uses the card may select another player to say all of their cards aloud; also features an "invisibility" wild card where, if played, the player can block any card placed down (such as, a card that forces them to draw cards). (2000, 2003, 2005, 2010)
Jump up ^ A deck with transparent waterproof cards. It includes 4 (2 of which are +1 2 of which are +2 downpour cards) black action cards called "wild DownPour" cards; when played, all the other players must pick up the number specified on the card and may choose the next color of play these cards replace two of the wild cards and two of the wild draw four cards out of the original deck, and also double as wild cards. (2004)
Jump up ^ Features farm equipment graphics and a "Harvest" card-The player who plays the harvest card selects another player to draw from the DRAW pile until he/she draws a green card, which will allow them to complete the harvest (or, until they draw 5 cards, whichever comes first). (2010)
Jump up ^ Mayhem card: the player who plays it causes everyone to swap hands. The direction of the swap is determined by the player playing the card. (2003)
Jump up ^ Wei, R. H. "Gamebits: Peanuts at Play". Games. Issue 196 (Vol. 27, No. 10). Pg.4. December 2003.
Jump up ^ Happy Holidays Card (2007, 2008, 2010)
Jump up ^ In a Shrek-faced package. 'Merlin Card' When you play this card you call out a color of your choice. All other players draw cards from the DRAW pile until each draws a card of that color. All of the cards that they draw are added to the cards in their hands. (2007)
Jump up ^ This set has a special Racer X card. The player who uses this card draws a card from the draw pile onto the discard pile and the depending on the number, the next player must place a card that follows the number drawn before. For example, player A draws the racer X card and draws a card with the number 3. The next player must place a card with the number 4 (regardless of colour) and the next player must place a card with the number 5 and so on. If they reach 9, they must start over with 0 until a player is unable to place a card and he/she must draw three cards. (2007)
Jump up ^ Comes with a handy clip that keeps all the cards together and attaches to a beach bag, backpack or camping gear. Seems to be about the same as H20 To Go.
Jump up ^ Comes with a handy clip that keeps all the cards together and attaches to a beach bag, backpack or camping gear.
Jump up ^ Super Absorbency (#1) Uno – which features the Super Absorbency card, a wild card which requires the next player to draw one card from all other players' hands at random. There is controversy as to what happens when the Super Absorbency card is played as the player's penultimate card. Some contend that the person playing the card would win as the next player would be required to take that card from him/her. However, some say that there is an exception whereas the Super Absorbency requires a card to be drawn from all players' hands except those who are in the uno stage. Clarification can be found on the back of the SpongeBob metallic tin. (2002)
Jump up ^ Secret Recipe (#2) Uno – Secret Recipe – Allows the player to look at another player's hand. The player can also select a new color just like a wild card.
Jump up ^ Lost in Time (#3 Uno) – Daredevil – Can be played to counter a Draw 2 or Draw 4 card. Can also be used as a wild card.
Jump up ^ Two Editions, both based on Star Trek: The Original Series
Jump up ^ With special cards, each of which appears once per pack: Double Tribble card – The player who plays this card chooses the color of play, then next player doubles the number of cards in their hand and forfeits their turn; Beam Me Up, Scotty card – This can played to stop any command card (a "Draw 2" card, for example) and allows for the color of play to be chosen; Mind Meld card – This commands the next player to show the person who played this card their hand; Live Long & Prosper card – This can be played at any time to discard the players hand and pick up an entirely new one, then allows him/her to choose color of play. (1999)
Jump up ^ Simplifies the special WILDs to one kind: 4 "Beam Up WILD" cards that can negate the effects of any DRAW 2 or DRAW 4 WILD cards played against a player. That player can then call a new color, and play resumes as if they had played a regular WILD. (It can also be used as a regular WILD if desired.) (2008)
Jump up ^ Some versions with erasable score pad. (1978, 1979, 1983, 1986, 1987, 1991, 1993, 2001, 2000, 2004, 2008)
Jump up ^ When this Check Two Card played by a player, he/she can: - immediately play another card of the same suit color, OR - play either Wild or Wild Draw 4 Card, the wild color called must match the color of the Check Two Card played. However, this Check Two Card cannot be played: - on its own (without a card of the same suit color), OR - as the last card in your hand. If the Check Two Card is the last card in a player hand, he/she must take another card from the draw pile. If the card just drawn matches the suit color of the Check Two Card, he/she may directly play the Check Two Card, say UNO, and play the matching suit color card to complete the game. (2002)
Jump up ^ Includes a special "Over The Rainbow" card where the person playing this card chooses someone hand to look at, also acts as a wild which then the person chooses the color of play.
Jump up ^ In this game, the cards show different characters from the Street Fighter II video game. This deck contains a special Hadouken card, which allows the user to choose 1 player to draw cards until they have drawn a Skip or a Reverse card. Play then continues on as normally.
Jump up ^ In this game, the cards are drawn like cars seen in the Project Gotham Racing series of video games. In this game, the rules include a card called the "Gotham Live" card, which is the same name used as the replay feature in Project Gotham Racing 3. This card allows a player to look at the hand of any of the other players.
Jump up ^ This pack was released on 1 November 2006. This is a custom deck with artwork from the Kameo game. In addition, a special play card allows you to swap your hand with the hand of another player in the game.
Jump up ^ This may be the same as the "American League" deck
Jump up ^ Different sources list 2005, 2006, & 2007
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b UNO instruction sheet, 1983, International Games Ltd.
Jump up ^ "30 Anniversary rule Book" (PDF). Mattel. 2001. Retrieved 2013-02-09.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "UNO Basic Instructions" (PDF). Mattel. 2008.
Jump up ^ Exact wording of the official rules: 'When you play your next-to-last card, you must yell "UNO" (meaning "one") to indicate that you have only one card left'.
Jump up ^ "How to Play UNO in Large Groups". UNOtips.org. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Tells". Unotips.org. Retrieved 2012-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Uno Variations".
Bibliography[edit]
Current official rules, from Mattel
Official Mattel Uno site
Uno Rules at UnoRulesonline.com
Uno Variations at UnoVariations.com
Uno variants at pagat.com
Uno News at Wonkavator
Uno at BoardGameGeek
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