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Edward Furlong
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Edward Furlong
Furlong at London Film Con, 2009
Born
Edward Walter Furlong
(1977-08-02) August 2, 1977 (age 40)
Glendale, California, U.S.
Occupation
Actor
Years active
1991–present
Spouse(s)
Rachael Bella (m. 2006 - 2014; separated in 2009)
Partner(s)
Jacqueline Domac (1992 - 1998)
Edward Walter Furlong (born August 2, 1977) is an American actor and musician. A former teen idol, Furlong won Saturn and MTV Movie Awards for his breakthrough performance as John Connor in Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991). The following year he gave an Independent Spirit Award-nominated turn opposite Jeff Bridges in American Heart, and earned a second Saturn Award nomination for his work in Pet Sematary Two. He won a Young Artist Award for his performance alongside Kathy Bates in A Home of Our Own (1993), and shared a further ensemble nomination with the cast of the film.
Furlong received acclaim for his starring roles in the 1998 motion pictures Pecker co-starring Christina Ricci, and American History X, co-starring Edward Norton.[1] Other noteworthy titles from his early career include Little Odessa (1994), Brainscan (1994), The Grass Harp (1995), and Before and After (1996), also starring Meryl Streep and Liam Neeson.[1] He reprised his role as John Connor in the international Universal Studios parks attraction T2 3-D: Battle Across Time (1996). Furlong briefly pursued a singing career, releasing a 1991 album, Hold on Tight, which was only sold in Japan.[1]
Furlong's last significant roles were in the comedy Detroit Rock City (1999) and the crime drama Animal Factory (2000). His career subsequently declined due to multiple arrests and court cases, and chronic substance abuse and alcoholism.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 1990s
2.2 2000s
2.3 2010s
2.4 Other work
3 Personal life
3.1 Substance abuse and legal problems
4 Filmography
4.1 Movies
4.2 Television
5 Awards
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Edward Furlong was born in Glendale, California, the son of Eleanor Torres (née Tafoya), a youth-center worker. Furlong is of Mexican descent on his mother's side, and has also described himself as "half-Russian".[3][4][5][6] His mother's sister, Nancy Tafoya, and their half-brother Sean Furlong obtained custody of him for several years, including 1990–91, when he began his acting career. Initially, the two served as Furlong's managers.[3][4][5][6]
Career[edit]
1990s[edit]
In 1991, Furlong began his film career as John Connor in Terminator 2: Judgment Day, a role that earned him an MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Role and a Saturn Award for best young actor. He was discovered for the part by casting director Mali Finn while visiting the Pasadena Boys and Girls Club in September 1990.
He followed this role with a string of moderately successful high-profile films and indies, sharing the screen with Meryl Streep and Liam Neeson in Before and After; Tim Roth, Maximilian Schell, and Vanessa Redgrave in Little Odessa; Jeff Bridges in American Heart; and Anthony Edwards and Clancy Brown in Pet Sematary Two.
In 1993, Furlong was featured in Aerosmith's music video for "Livin' on the Edge". This was also the only major Aerosmith video from Get a Grip not to feature Alicia Silverstone. He played the lead role of Michael Brower, a horror and videogame-obsessed teen in the 1994 film Brainscan. In 1995, he starred in the film adaptation of Truman Capote's The Grass Harp.
In 1998, he starred in American History X alongside Edward Norton and appeared in his first comedy role in Pecker, directed by John Waters. Of his title role in Pecker, Furlong stated, "It's true most of the characters that I've played so far are kind of like suicidal. Really dark roles, which I like. But I wanted to do something different and John gave me a chance to do that."[7]
In 1998, he starred in the film Detroit Rock City. During filming he met Natasha Lyonne, whom he then dated. Furlong played a young convict in Steve Buscemi's film Animal Factory, filmed in 1999.
2000s[edit]
Furlong's career and stardom declined considerably after 2000, with most of his subsequent films being released straight to DVD.[8] In 2001 he took a role in I Cavalieri che fecero l'impresa aka The Knights of the Quest, a little-seen film by Italian filmmaker Pupi Avati.
Furlong was expected to play John Connor again in Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines. However, Nick Stahl was cast just before filming began in April 2002.[9]
He appeared in a music video for Metallica's "The Unnamed Feeling", released in February 2004.[10]
He starred as Jimmy in the low budget independent film Jimmy & Judy in 2004, during which time he met Rachael Bella. The two became romantically involved and later married.[11]
In 2003, Furlong played the lead in the fourth film in The Crow series, The Crow: Wicked Prayer, alongside David Boreanaz and Tara Reid. The film was planned for a theatrical release, but after one week in limited theatres, it was released to DVD in 2005.
In 2006 and again in 2010, Furlong appeared in five episodes of the television program CSI: NY as character Shane Casey.
Furlong appeared in the 2009 remake of the 1988 horror classic Night of the Demons, shot in New Orleans. The film was released straight to DVD.
2010s[edit]
Furlong appeared in two scenes of the 2011 Seth Rogen film, The Green Hornet. Next he starred in This Is Not a Movie, an English-language Mexican film written and directed by Olallo Rubio and co-starring Peter Coyote and Edi Gathegi. The film was scored by Guns N' Roses guitarist Slash. The film was released in Germany in 2010 and Mexico in January 2011. Most recently, he featured in the crowd-funded pilot, Star Trek: Renegades as the character "Fixer".
Other work[edit]
In October 1992, Furlong released an album in Japan called Hold on Tight, which included a cover of the Doors song "People Are Strange".[12]
Personal life[edit]
In 1992, when Furlong was 13, his 26-year-old tutor Jacqueline Louise Domac began a romantic and sexual relationship with him on the set of Terminator 2 that lasted throughout Furlong's teen years, including cohabitating in what Domac called a "quasi-spousal relationship."[13] When California's statutory rape law changed in 1994 to allow the prosecution of adult women who have sex with minors, Furlong's guardian Sean Furlong filed a complaint against Domac, but was unsuccessful in having her prosecuted.[14] In May 1999, Domac sued Furlong for violence.[15]
Furlong married Rachael Bella on April 19, 2006. The couple's son was born in September 2006.[11] On July 8, 2009, Rachael Bella filed for divorce citing irreconcilable differences.[16] She alleged in court documents that their son tested positive for cocaine, which led a judge to rule Furlong's visits had to be supervised.[17]
Substance abuse and legal problems[edit]
Furlong has battled alcoholism and drug addiction, which derailed his career. He went into rehab in October 2000.[18]
Furlong said in December 2006 that from 22 to 26 he was "on and off" hard drugs, adding that, "I was a heroin and cocaine addict. It was really scary." In the same interview, he said, "I don't even think about (partying) anymore. It seems lonely now: running and clubbing and doing coke. I have nightmares about doing hard drugs. I'll wake up and I'm like, 'Did I relapse?'"[19]
In 2010, Furlong was placed on three years probation for violation of a civil protective order obtained by Rachael Kneeland. In March 2013 Furlong was sentenced to 180 days in jail for a violation of probation after he "used force" against ex-girlfriend Monica Keena, and for violation of a protective order prohibiting contact with Keena.[20]
Furlong was arrested again in May 2013 and avoided a jail sentence after agreeing to go to rehab for drug addiction for 90 days, and to undergo 52 weeks of domestic violence counselling. He had already served 61 days in jail.[21]
Filmography[edit]
Movies[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1991 Terminator 2: Judgment Day John Connor
1992 Pet Sematary Two Jeff Matthews
American Heart Nick Kelson
1993 A Home of Our Own Shayne Lacey
1994 Brainscan Michael Brower
Little Odessa Reuben Shapira
1995 The Grass Harp Collin Fenwick
1996 Before and After Jacob Ryan
1998 Pecker Pecker
American History X Daniel Vinyard
1999 Detroit Rock City Hawk
2000 Animal Factory Ron Decker
2001 Porn Star: The Legend of Ron Jeremy Himself
The Knights of the Quest Simon di Clarendon Italian film originally titled I Cavalieri Che Fecero L'impresa
2003 3 Blind Mice Thomas Cross
2005 Intermedio Malik
The Crow: Wicked Prayer Jimmy Cuervo/The Crow
Cruel World Philip Markham
Venice Underground Gary
2006 Jimmy and Judy Jimmy Wright
The Visitation Brandon Nichols
Nice Guys Tye Released on DVD as High Hopes
The Covenant: Brotherhood of Evil David Goodman Pressented originally as Canes at the Cannes Film Festival of 2006
Warriors of Terra Chris
2007 Living & Dying Sam
2008 Dark Reel Adam Waltz
2009 Stoic Harry Katish
Darfur Adrian Archer Released on DVD as Attack on Darfur
Night of the Demons Colin Levy
2010 Kingshighway Dino Scarfino
2011 The Green Hornet Mr. Tupper
This Is Not a Movie Pete Nelson
The Mortician Petrovsky
Below Zero Jack/Frank
Witness Insecurity Johnny Released on DVD as Absolute Killers
Tequila Smith
2012 For The Love of Money Tommy
Arachnoquake Charlie TV Movie
Crave Ravi
Paranormal Abduction Frank
2013 Matt's Chance Matt
The Zombie King Samuel Peters/The Zombie King
Assault on Wall Street Sean Also known as Bailout: The Age of Greed
Awakened Thomas Burton
2014 Stitch Marsden
The Last Light Noah
Aftermath Brad
2015 A Perfect Vacation Berto Also known as Awaken
2016 A Winter Rose Willy
2017 The Reunion Skip
Television[edit]
Year
Series
Episode
Role
1991 Saturday Night Live Linda Hamilton/Mariah Carey John Connor (Uncredited)
1992 The Tonight Show with Jay Leno N°73, Season 1 Himself (Guest)
1993 Late Night with Conan O'Brien N°33, Season 1 Himself (Guest)
2001 The Andy Dick Show Kid Krist Himself
2003 V Graham Norton N°54, Season 4 Himself (Guest)
On ne peut pas plaire à tout le monde Aired 3 October 2003, France Himself
2005 Poorman's Bikini Beach Ms. Melt the Ice, Perfect 10 Mansion, Freakfest 2005 Himself
2006 CSI: NY Hung Out to Dry Shane Casey
CSI: NY Raising Shane Shane Casey
2010 CSI: NY Redemptio Shane Casey
CSI: NY The 34th Floor Shane Casey (Uncredited)
CSI: NY Vacation Getaway Shane Casey
2012 Perception Nemesis Pete
The Glades Public Enemy Way N.E. Bey/Wayne Balldinger
2014 FanGirl Academy: 101 Movie Magic 101 Himself
2015 From the Mouths of Babes "Renegades" on Life Himself
From the Mouths of Babes "Renegades" on Love Himself
Star Trek: Renegades Pilot Fixer
2016 From the Mouths of Babes "Renegades" on Self Himself
From the Mouths of Babes Actors on Life Himself
From the Mouths of Babes Actors on Love Himself
From the Mouths of Babes Actors on Self Himself
Awards[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Film
Result
1992 MTV Movie Award Best Breakthrough Performance Terminator 2: Judgment Day Won
1992 Saturn Award Best Performance by a Younger Actor Terminator 2: Judgment Day Won
1993 Saturn Award Best Performance by a Younger Actor Pet Sematary Two Nominated
1994 Independent Spirit Award Best Supporting Male American Heart Nominated
1994 Young Artist Award Best Youth Actor Leading Role in a Motion Picture Drama A Home of Our Own Won
1994 Young Artist Award Outstanding Youth Ensemble in a Motion Picture (shared with Miles Feulner, Clarissa Lassig, Amy Sakasitz and Sarah Schaub) A Home of Our Own Nominated
1998 ACCA Best Actor in a Supporting Role American History X Nominated
1999 Young Artist Award Best Supporting Young Actor Performance in a Feature Film American History X Nominated
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Flint Marx, Rebecca. Edward Furlong: Biography. Allmovie. Retrieved August 28, 2013.
Jump up ^ Grossberg, Josh. Timeline of a Trainwreck: The Edward Furlong Edition. E!. January 13, 2011. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Gliatto, Tom (1991-08-05). "Problemo Child". People.com. Retrieved 2014-05-21.
^ Jump up to: a b Karlin, Susan (April 15, 1994). "A Path to Disaster". EW.com. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Staff, Movieline (1992-03-01). "Children of Paradise". Movieline. Retrieved 2014-05-21.
^ Jump up to: a b Staff, Movieline (1996). "Edward Furlong: Melancholy Baby". Movieline.
Jump up ^ Henri B'har (September 13, 1998 ). "Press Conference on 'Pecker' at the 1998 Toronto Film Festival". Film Scouts Interviews. Retrieved on June 26, 2011.
Jump up ^ Josh Grossberg (Jan 13, 2011). "Timeline of a Trainwreck: The Edward Furlong Edition". E! Online UK. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ Bonin, Liane (April 30, 2002). "Replacement Part". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ Steffan Chirazi (Dec 3, 2003). "THE UNNAMED FEELING: VIDEO". Metallica.com. Archived from the original on Dec 15, 2005.
^ Jump up to: a b Laudadio, Marisa (September 22, 2006). "Edward Furlong, Wife Welcome a Son". People. Time, Inc. Archived from the original on December 6, 2006. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ CD Track Listing. Discogs.com (October 21, 1992). Retrieved on June 26, 2011.
Jump up ^ http://articles.latimes.com/2003/jul/07/opinion/oe-estrada7
Jump up ^ http://ew.com/article/1994/04/15/edward-furlongs-rocky-career/
Jump up ^ http://nypost.com/1999/05/11/ex-kid-star-eddie-beat-older-lover-suit/
Jump up ^ Everett, Cristina (July 9, 2009). "Edward Furlong and wife Rachael Bella are divorcing". New York Daily News.
Jump up ^ http://www.idigitaltimes.com/terminator-actor-arrested-again-domestic-violence-edward-furlong-begged-help-october-347846
Jump up ^ Minotta, Mauricio (March 19, 2001). "Rehab for Edward Furlong | General News". Hollywood.com. Retrieved December 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ Tauber, Michelle (December 11, 2006). "Clean Start". People. Retrieved March 21, 2012.
Jump up ^ "'Terminator 2' Actor Edward Furlong Gets 180 Days in Jail". ABC News. March 6, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Edward Furlong ordered to rehab after striking plea deal in assault case | Celeb". Toronto Sun. 2013-07-02. Retrieved 2014-05-21.
External links[edit]
Media related to Edward Furlong at Wikimedia Commons
Edward Furlong on IMDb
[show]
Awards for Edward Furlong
[show]
v
t
e
MTV Movie Award for Next Generation
Best Breakthrough Performance
Edward Furlong (1992)
Marisa Tomei (1993)
Alicia Silverstone (1994)
Kirsten Dunst (1995)
George Clooney (1996)
Matthew McConaughey (1997)
Heather Graham (1998)
James Van Der Beek & Katie Holmes (1999)
Haley Joel Osment & Julia Stiles (2000)
Sean Patrick Thomas & Erika Christensen (2001)
Orlando Bloom & Mandy Moore (2002)
Eminem & Jennifer Garner (2003)
Shawn Ashmore & Lindsay Lohan (2004)
Jon Heder & Rachel McAdams (2005)
Isla Fisher (2006)
Jaden Smith (2007)
Zac Efron (2008)
Robert Pattinson & Ashley Tisdale (2009)
Shailene Woodley (2012)
Rebel Wilson (2013)
Will Poulter (2014)
Dylan O'Brien (2015)
Daisy Ridley (2016)
Best Breakout Star
Anna Kendrick (2010)
Chloë Grace Moretz (2011)
[show]
v
t
e
Saturn Award for Best Performance by a Younger Actor
Noah Hathaway (1984)
Barret Oliver (1985)
Carrie Henn (1986)
Kirk Cameron (1987)
Fred Savage (1988)
Adan Jodorowsky (1989/90)
Edward Furlong (1991)
Scott Weinger (1992)
Elijah Wood (1993)
Kirsten Dunst (1994)
Christina Ricci (1995)
Lucas Black (1996)
Jena Malone (1997)
Tobey Maguire (1998)
Haley Joel Osment (1999)
Devon Sawa (2000)
Haley Joel Osment (2001)
Tyler Hoechlin (2002)
Jeremy Sumpter (2003)
Emmy Rossum (2004)
Dakota Fanning (2005)
Ivana Baquero (2006)
Freddie Highmore (2007)
Jaden Smith (2008)
Saoirse Ronan (2009)
Chloë Grace Moretz (2010)
Joel Courtney (2011)
Suraj Sharma (2012)
Chloë Grace Moretz (2013)
Mackenzie Foy (2014)
Ty Simpkins (2015)
Tom Holland (2016)
[show]
v
t
e
Young Artist Award for Best Leading Young Actor in a Feature Film
1979–1990
Dennis Christopher (1979)
Justin Henry (1980)
Ricky Schroder (1981)
Henry Thomas (1982)
C. Thomas Howell (1983)
Anthony Michael Hall (1984)
Sean Astin (1985)
Peter Billingsley (1986)
River Phoenix (1987)
Fred Savage (1987)
Patrick Dempsey (1987)
Corey Feldman (1987)
Christian Bale (1988)
Corey Feldman (1988)
Corey Haim (1988)
Lukas Haas (1988)
Sean Astin (1989)
Macaulay Culkin (1990)
1991–2010
Ethan Embry (1991)
Elijah Wood (1993)
Edward Furlong (1994)
Jason James Richter (1994)
Mason Gamble (1994)
Brad Renfro (1995)
Wil Horneff (1996)
Lucas Black (1997)
Blake Heron (1998)
Kevin Zegers (1998)
Miko Hughes (1999)
Haley Joel Osment (2000)
Rob Brown (2001)
Anton Yelchin (2002)
Tyler Hoechlin (2003)
Jeremy Sumpter (2004)
Jamie Bell (2005)
Josh Hutcherson (2006)
Logan Lerman (2007)
Josh Hutcherson (2008)
Nate Hartley (2009)
Max Records (2010)
2011–present
Jaden Smith (2011)
Dakota Goyo (2012)
Tom Holland (2013)
Miles Elliot (2014)
Reese Hartwig (2015)
Michael Grant (2016)
Julian Feder (2017)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 85706883
LCCN: no97067463
ISNI: 0000 0000 7839 7723
GND: 122143477
SUDOC: 090361245
BNF: cb13963957j (data)
MusicBrainz: bbd5cd50-cb59-45e3-9fee-dc323a6a0430
NDL: 00620695
BNE: XX1488064
IATH: w62814gh
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Edward_Furlong&oldid=804970310"
Categories:
1977 births
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text:
Little Bitty Pretty One
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Little Bitty Pretty One"
Single by Thurston Harris and the Sharps
B-side
"I Hope You Won't Hold It Against Me"
Released
September 1957
Format
7", 10"
Length
2:22
Label
Aladdin
Songwriter(s)
Bobby Day
"Little Bitty Pretty One" is a rock and roll song written and originally recorded by Bobby Day, and popularized by Thurston Harris in 1957.[1] Produced by Aladdin Records (located in Los Angeles, Calif.), and featuring The Sharps on backing vocals,[2] Harris' version reached No. 6 on the U.S. Billboard Best-Sellers chart and No. 2 on the R&B chart.[3]
Frankie Lymon recorded a version of the tune, reaching No. 58 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1960.[4] Clyde McPhatter returned the song to the top 40 in the US, when his version peaked at No. 25 on the Hot 100 in 1962.[5] Ten years later, the Jackson 5 covered the song for their album, Lookin' Through the Windows, and took the song to No. 13 on the Hot 100.[6][7] The Paramounts (later Procol Harum) made a powerful version of the song in 1964. The song was covered by The Doobie Brothers in 2004 on their Live at Wolf Trap album. Checkmates, Ltd. released a version of the song as part of a medley on their 1967 debut album, Live! At Caesar's Palace.[8] Aaron Carter covered "Little Bitty Pretty One" for the 2001 Disney movie The Princess Diaries. In 1983, the song was used in the film Christine. In 1996, the song was used in the film Matilda.
Reception[edit]
Bryan Thomas writes that the song "has gone on to become one of the best loved oldies of the late '50s."[9]
"Wiggle, Wiggle"[edit]
"Little Bitty Pretty One" was the inspiration for the Accents' sole hit "Wiggle Wiggle" in 1958, and though the similarities were evidently not sufficient to warrant a lawsuit, Aladdin took the expedient step of covering the song with a group called the Chestnuts.[10]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Dave Marsh, The Heart of Rock & Soul: The 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made (Da Capo Press, 1999), 429.
Jump up ^ The Lamplighters at Allmusic
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004. Record Research. p. 246.
Jump up ^ "Frankie Lymon - Chart history". Billboard. 1960-08-20. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2009). Top Pop Singles (12th ed.). p. 645.
Jump up ^ Soulsation! (1995), liner notes
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2009). Top Pop Singles (12th ed.). p. 482.
Jump up ^ "The Checkmates Ltd. - Live! At Caesar's Palace (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
Jump up ^ Vladimir Bogdanov, Chris Woodstra, John Bush, and Stephen Thomas Erlewine, All Music Guide to Soul: The Definitive Guide to R&B and Soul (Backbeat Books, 2003), p. 297.
Jump up ^ "The Great Doo Wop Vocal Groups..." Pinterest.com. Retrieved 2016-08-29.
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text:
Securities market
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Securities market is a component of the wider financial market where securities can be bought and sold between subjects of the economy, on the basis of demand and supply. Securities markets encompasses equity markets, bond markets and derivatives markets where prices can be determined and participants both professional and non professionals can meet.
Securities markets can be split into below two levels. Primary markets, where new securities are issued and secondary markets where existing securities can be bought and sold. Secondary markets can further be split into organised exchanges, such stock exchanges and over-the-counter where individual parties come together and buy or sell securities directly. For securities holders knowing that a secondary market exists in which their securities may be sold and converted into cash increases the willingness of people to hold stocks and bonds and thus increases the ability of firms to issue securities.
There are a number of professional participants of a securities market and these include; brokerages, broker-dealers, market makers, investment managers, speculators as well as those providing the infrastructure, such as clearing houses and securities depositories.
A securities market is used in an economy to attract new capital, transfer real assets in financial assets, determine price which will balance demand and supply and provide a means to invest money both short and long term.
Contents
[hide]
1 Conditions
2 Levels of securities market
2.1 Primary market
2.2 Secondary market
2.3 Over-the-counter market
3 Main financial instruments
3.1 Promissory note
3.2 Certificate of deposit
3.3 Bond
3.4 Stocks (shares)
3.4.1 Common shares
3.4.2 Preferred share
4 Professional participants
5 See also
6 References
Conditions[edit]
A securities market is a system of interconnection between all participants (professional and nonprofessional) that provides effective conditions:
to attract new capital by means of issuance new security (securitization of debt)
to transfer real asset into financial asset
to invest money for short or long term periods with the aim of deriving profitability
commercial function (to derive profit from operation on this market)
price determination (demand and supply balancing, the continuous process of prices movements guarantees to state correct price for each security so the market corrects mispriced securities)
informative function (market provides all participants with market information about participants and traded instruments)
regulation function (securities market creates the rules of trade, contention regulation, priorities determination)
Transfer of ownership (securities markets transfer existing stocks and bonds from owners who no longer desire to maintain their investments to buyers who wish to increase those specific investments
Insurance (hedging) of operations though securities market (options, futures, etc.)
Levels of securities market[edit]
Primary market[edit]
Main article: Primary market
The primary market is that part of the capital markets that deals with the issue of new securities. Companies, governments or public sector institutions can obtain funding through the sale of a new stock or bond issue. This is typically done through a syndicate of securities dealers. The process of selling new issues to investors is called underwriting. In the case of a new stock issue, this sale is a public offering. Dealers earn a commission that is built into the price of the security offering, though it can be found in the prospectus. Primary markets create long term instruments through which corporate entities borrow from capital market.
Features of primary markets are:
This is the market for new long term equity capital. The primary market is the market where the securities are sold for the first time. Therefore, it is also called the new issue market (NIM).
In a primary issue, the securities are issued by the company directly to investors.
The company receives the money and issues new security certificates to the investors.
Primary issues are used by companies for the purpose of setting up new business or for expanding or modernizing the existing business.
The primary market performs the crucial function of facilitating capital formation in the economy.
The new issue market does not include certain other sources of new long term external finance, such as loans from financial institutions. Borrowers in the new issue market may be raising capital for converting private capital into public capital; this is known as "going public."
Secondary market[edit]
Main article: Secondary market
The secondary market, also known as the aftermarket, is the financial market where previously issued securities and financial instruments such as stock, bonds, options, and futures are bought and sold. The term "secondary market" is also used to refer to the market for any used goods or assets, or an alternative use for an existing product or asset where the customer base is the second market (for example, corn has been traditionally used primarily for food production and feedstock, but a "second" or "third" market has developed for use in ethanol production). Stock exchange and over the counter markets.
With primary issuances of securities or financial instruments, or the primary market, investors purchase these securities directly from issuers such as corporations issuing shares in an IPO or private placement, or directly from the federal government in the case of treasuries. After the initial issuance, investors can purchase from other investors in the secondary market.
The secondary market for a variety of assets can vary from loans to stocks, from fragmented to centralized, and from illiquid to very liquid. The major stock exchanges are the most visible example of liquid secondary markets - in this case, for stocks of publicly traded companies. Exchanges such as the New York Stock Exchange, Nasdaq and the American Stock Exchange provide a centralized, liquid secondary market for the investors who own stocks that trade on those exchanges. Most bonds and structured products trade “over the counter,” or by phoning the bond desk of one’s broker-dealer. Loans sometimes trade online using a Loan Exchange.
Over-the-counter market[edit]
Main article: Over-the-counter (finance)
Over-the-counter (OTC) or off-exchange trading is to trade financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, commodities or derivatives directly between two parties. It is contrasted with exchange trading, which occurs via facilities constructed for the purpose of trading (i.e., exchanges), such as futures exchanges or stock exchanges. In the U.S., over-the-counter trading in stock is carried out by market makers that make markets in OTCBB and Pink Sheets securities using inter-dealer quotation services such as Pink Quote (operated by Pink OTC Markets) and the OTC Bulletin Board (OTCBB). OTC stocks are not usually listed nor traded on any stock exchanges, though exchange listed stocks can be traded OTC on the third market. Although stocks quoted on the OTCBB must comply with United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reporting requirements, other OTC stocks, such as those stocks categorized as Pink Sheets securities, have no reporting requirements, while those stocks categorized as OTCQX have met alternative disclosure guidelines through Pink OTC Markets. An over-the-counter contract is a bilateral contract in which two parties agree on how a particular trade or agreement is to be settled in the future. It is usually from an investment bank to its clients directly. Forwards and swaps are prime examples of such contracts. It is mostly done via the computer or the telephone. For derivatives, these agreements are usually governed by an International Swaps and Derivatives Association agreement.
This segment of the OTC market is occasionally referred to as the "Fourth Market."
The NYMEX has created a clearing mechanism for a slate of commonly traded OTC energy derivatives which allows counterparties of many bilateral OTC transactions to mutually agree to transfer the trade to ClearPort, the exchange's clearing house, thus eliminating credit and performance risk of the initial OTC transaction counterparts..
Main financial instruments[edit]
Bond, Promissory note, Cheque – a security contains requirement to make full payment to the bearer of cheque, Certificate of deposit, Bill of Lading (a Bill of Lading is a “document evidencing the receipt of goods for shipment issued by a person engaged in the business of transporting or forwarding goods." ), Stock.
Promissory note[edit]
A promissory note, referred to as a note payable in accounting, or commonly as just a "note", is a contract where one party (the maker or issuer) makes an unconditional promise in writing to pay a sum of money to the other (the payee), either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee, under specific terms. They differ from IOUs in that they contain a specific promise to pay, rather than simply acknowledging that a debt exists.
Certificate of deposit[edit]
A certificate of deposit or CD is a time deposit, a financial product commonly offered to consumers by banks, thrift institutions, and credit unions. CDs are similar to savings accounts in that they are insured and thus virtually risk-free; they are "money in the bank" (CDs are insured by the FDIC for banks or by the NCUA for credit unions). They are different from savings accounts in that the CD has a specific, fixed term (often three months, six months, or one to five years), and, usually, a fixed interest rate. It is intended that the CD be held until maturity, at which time the money may be withdrawn together with the accrued interest.
Bond[edit]
Bond - an issued security establishing its holder's right to receive from the issuer of the bond, within the time period specified therein,
its nominal value
and the interest fixed therein on this value or other property equivalent.
The bond may provide for other property rights of its holder, where this is not contrary to legislation.
Stocks (shares)[edit]
Common shares[edit]
Common shares represent ownership in a company and a claim (dividends) on a portion of profits. Investors get one vote per share to elect the board members, who oversee the major decisions made by management.Over the long term, common stock, by means of capital growth, yields higher returns than almost every other investment. This higher return comes at a cost since common stocks entail the most risk. If a company goes bankrupt and liquidates, the common shareholders will not receive money until the creditors, and preferred shareholders are paid.
Preferred share[edit]
Preferred share represents some degree of ownership in a company but usually doesn't come with the same voting rights. (This may vary depending on the company.) With preferred shares investors are usually guaranteed a fixed dividend forever. This is different than common stock, which has variable dividends that are never guaranteed. Another advantage is that in the event of liquidation preferred shareholders are paid off before the common shareholder (but still after debt holders). Preferred stock may also be callable, meaning that the company has the option to purchase the shares from shareholders at any time for any reason (usually for a premium). Some people consider preferred stock to be more like debt than equity.
Professional participants[edit]
Professional participants in the securities markets - legal persons, including credit organizations, and also citizens registered as business persons who conduct the following types of activity:
Brokerage shall be deemed performance of civil-law transactions with securities as agent or commission agent acting under a contract of agency or commission, and also under a power (letter) of attorney for the performance of such transactions in the absence of indication of the powers of agent or commission agent in the contract.
Dealer activity shall be deemed performance of transactions in the purchase and sale of securities in one's own name and for one's own account through the public announcement of the prices of purchase and/or sale of certain securities, with an obligation of the purchase and/or sale of these securities at the prices announced by the person pursuing such activity.
Activity in the management of securities shall be deemed performance by a legal person or individual business person, in his own name, for a remuneration, during a stated period, of trust management of the following conveyed into his possession and belonging to another person, in the interests of this person or of third parties designated by this person:
securities;
monies intended for investment in securities;
monies and securities received in the process of securities management.
Clearing activity shall be deemed activity in determining mutual obligations (collection, collation and correction of information on security deals and
preparation of bookkeeping documents thereon) and in offsetting these obligations in deliveries of securities
Depositary activity shall be deemed the rendering of services in the safekeeping of certificates of securities and/or recording and transfer of rights to securities
Activity in the keeping of a register of owners of securities shall be deemed collection, fixing, processing, storage and provision of data constituting a system of keeping the register of security owners
Provision of services directly promoting conclusion of civil-law transactions with securities between participants in the securities market shall be deemed activity in the arrangement of trading on the securities market.
See also[edit]
Commodity markets
Securitization
Financial engineering
References[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Securities_market&oldid=798158042"
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text:
An American in Paris (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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An American in Paris
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Vincente Minnelli
Produced by
Arthur Freed
Written by
Alan Jay Lerner
Starring
Gene Kelly
Leslie Caron
Oscar Levant
Georges Guétary
Nina Foch
Music by
George Gershwin
Lyrics:
Ira Gershwin
Musical Direction:
Johnny Green
Saul Chaplin
Cinematography
Alfred Gilks
Ballet:
John Alton
Edited by
Adrienne Fazan
Production
company
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Distributed by
Loew's Inc.[1]
Release date
November 11, 1951 (1951-11-11)
Running time
113 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$2.7 million[2]
Box office
$7 million[2]
An American in Paris is a 1951 American musical film inspired by the 1928 orchestral composition An American in Paris by George Gershwin. Starring Gene Kelly, Leslie Caron, Oscar Levant, Georges Guétary, and Nina Foch, the film is set in Paris, and was directed by Vincente Minnelli from a script by Alan Jay Lerner. The music is by George Gershwin, with lyrics by his brother Ira, with additional music by Saul Chaplin, the music director.
The story of the film is interspersed with dance numbers choreographed by Gene Kelly and set to Gershwin's music. Songs and music include "I Got Rhythm", "I'll Build A Stairway to Paradise", " 'S Wonderful", and "Love Is Here to Stay". The climax of the film is "The American in Paris" ballet, a 17-minute dance featuring Kelly and Caron set to Gershwin's An American in Paris. The ballet sequence cost almost half a million dollars to shoot.
An American in Paris was an enormous success, garnering eight Academy Award nominations and winning six, as well as earning other industry honors. It is ranked #9 among AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Music and dance
4 Box office
5 Awards and honors
5.1 Academy Awards
5.2 Golden Globes
5.3 Others
6 Digital restoration
7 Stage adaptations
7.1 2008 adaptation
7.2 2014 adaptation
8 In popular culture
9 References
10 External links
Plot[edit]
American World War II veteran Jerry Mulligan (Gene Kelly) is an exuberant expatriate in Paris trying to make a reputation as a painter. His friend and neighbor, Adam Cook (Oscar Levant), is a struggling concert pianist and longtime associate of a French singer, Henri Baurel (Georges Guétary). At the ground-floor bar, Henri tells Adam about his cultured girlfriend, Lise Bouvier (Leslie Caron). Jerry joins them later, before going out to sell his art.
A lonely society woman and heiress, Milo Roberts (Nina Foch), finds Jerry displaying his paintings in Montmartre and takes an interest in him and his art. She brings him to her apartment to pay for his works, and invites him to a dinner party she is throwing later that night. After singing with French children on the way home ("I Got Rhythm"), Jerry goes up to Milo's apartment. He quickly finds out that the "party" is actually a one-on-one date, and tells Milo he has no interest in being a paid escort. When he attempts to leave after giving her money back, she insists that she is only interested in his art.
They go to a crowded bar, and Milo offers to sponsor an art show for Jerry as a friendly gesture. Some of Milo's friends arrive, and while sitting with them, Jerry sees Lise seated with friends at the next table, and is instantly smitten. He ignores Milo and her acquaintances, and instead pretends to know Lise already and dances with her. She is standoffish and gives Jerry a wrong phone number, but is innocently corrected by someone at her table. Heading home, Milo tells Jerry he was very rude cavorting with a girl he does not know while in her presence; tired of Milo, Jerry gets out of the car and bids her farewell.
The next day, Jerry calls Lise at her work, but she tells him to never call her again. Jerry and Milo meet at a cafe, and she informs him that a collector is interested in his paintings and she arranged a showing later that day. Before going to the showing, he goes to the parfumerie where Lise works and she consents to a late dinner with him,. She does not want to be seen eating with him in public, but they share a romantic song and dance on the banks of the Seine River in the shadows of Notre Dame. However, she quickly rushes off to meet Henri after his performance ("I'll Build a Stairway to Paradise"), where Henri tells her he has been asked to go on a tour of America and asks her to marry him.
Later, Adam humorously daydreams that he is performing Gershwin's Concerto in F for Piano and Orchestra for a gala audience in a concert hall. As the scene progresses, Adam is also revealed to be the conductor, other members of the orchestra, and even an enthusiastic audience member applauding himself at the end.
Milo gets Jerry an art studio and tells him she has planned an exhibition of his work in three months. He initially refuses the studio because he does not have the money for it, but eventually accepts it under the condition that he pay Milo back when his art proceeds allow him. Roughly a month later and after much courting, Lise abruptly runs off when she and Jerry arrive by taxi at his apartment. When Jerry complains to Adam, he is shocked to realize that both Henri and Jerry are involved with the same woman. Henri and Jerry discuss the woman they each love ("'S Wonderful"), unaware she is the same woman.
That night, Jerry and Lise reunite in the same place on the banks of the Seine close to Notre Dame. She informs him that she is marrying Henri the next day and going to America. Lise feels a sense of duty to Henri, to whom she feels indebted for keeping her safe during World War II. She and Jerry proclaim their love for each other.
Feeling slighted, Jerry invites Milo to the art students' masked ball and kisses her. At the raucous party, with everyone in black-and-white costumes, they meet Henri and Lise, and Jerry finally tells Milo about his feelings for Lise—soon, Henri overhears Jerry and Lise saying goodbye to each other, and realizes the truth. As Henri and Lise drive away, Jerry daydreams about being with Lise all over Paris to the tune of the George Gershwin composition An American in Paris. His reverie is broken by a car horn, the sound of Henri bringing Lise back to him. They embrace as the Gershwin composition (and the film) ends.
Cast[edit]
Gene Kelly as Jerry Mulligan
Leslie Caron as Lise Bouvier
Oscar Levant as Adam Cook
Georges Guétary as Henri "Hank" Baurel
Nina Foch as Milo Roberts
Eugene Borden as Georges Mattieu
John Eldredge as Jack Jansen (uncredited)
Anna Q. Nilsson as Kay Jansen (uncredited)
Hayden Rorke, best known for playing Dr. Alfred Bellows on the TV series I Dream of Jeannie (1965–70), has an uncredited part as a friend of Milo. Noel Neill, later to portray Lois Lane on the TV series The Adventures of Superman, has a small role as an American art student who tries to criticize Jerry's paintings. Jazz musician Benny Carter plays the leader of a jazz ensemble performing in the club where Milo first takes Jerry.
Madge Blake, best known for playing Bruce Wayne's aunt Harriet Cooper on the TV series Batman (1966–68), has an uncredited part as a customer in the perfume shop in which Lise works. Judy Landon, better known for her appearance in Kelly's next musical Singin' in the Rain (and as the wife of Brian Keith), appears as a dancer in the Stairway to Paradise sequence.
Music and dance[edit]
"Embraceable You" – Lise
"Nice Work If You Can Get It" – Hank
"By Strauss" – Jerry, Hank, Adam
"I Got Rhythm" – Jerry
"Tra-la-la (This Time It's Really Love)" – Jerry, Adam
"Love Is Here to Stay" – Jerry, Lise
"I'll Build a Stairway to Paradise" – Hank
Concerto in F for Piano and Orchestra – Adam, The MGM Symphony Orchestra
" 'S Wonderful" – Jerry, Hank
An American in Paris Ballet – Jerry, Lise, Ensemble
The 17 minute ballet sequence, with sets and costumes referencing French painters including Raoul Dufy, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Maurice Utrillo, Henri Rousseau, and Toulouse-Lautrec,[3] is the climax of the film, and cost the studio approximately $450,000 to produce.[4] Production on the film was halted on September 15, 1950. Minnelli left to direct another film, Father's Little Dividend. Upon completion of that film in late October, he returned to film the ballet sequence.[5]
Box office[edit]
According to MGM records, the film earned $3,750,000 in the U.S. and Canada and $3,231,000 in other countries during its initial theatrical release. This resulted in the studio making a $1,346,000 profit.[2]
Awards and honors[edit]
Kelly and Caron dance
Academy Awards[edit]
Wins
Academy Award for Best Picture: Arthur Freed, producer
Academy Award for Best Art – Set Decoration, Color: E. Preston Ames, Cedric Gibbons, F. Keogh Gleason, and Edwin B. Willis
Academy Award for Best Cinematography, Color: John Alton and Alfred Gilks
Academy Award for Best Costume Design, Color: Orry-Kelly, Walter Plunkett, and Irene Sharaff
Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring of a Musical Picture: Saul Chaplin and Johnny Green
Academy Award for Best Writing, Story and Screenplay: Alan Jay Lerner
Nominations
Academy Award for Best Director: Vincente Minnelli
Academy Award for Best Film Editing: Adrienne Fazan
Golden Globes[edit]
Wins
Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
Nominations
Golden Globe Award for Best Director – Motion Picture: Vincente Minnelli
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy: Gene Kelly
Others[edit]
Kelly received an Academy Honorary Award that year for "his versatility as an actor, singer, director and dancer, and specifically for his brilliant achievements in the art of choreography on film." It was his only Oscar.
The film was entered into the 1952 Cannes Film Festival.[6]
In 1993, An American in Paris was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
American Film Institute recognition
1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #68
2002: AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – #39
2004: AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs – #32
"I Got Rhythm"
2006: AFI's Greatest Movie Musicals – #9
AFI also honored star Kelly as #15 of the top 25 American male screen legends.
Digital restoration[edit]
In 2011, the film was digitally restored by Warner Bros. for its 60th anniversary.[7][8]
Stage adaptations[edit]
2008 adaptation[edit]
A stage version of the musical was adapted by Ken Ludwig, and began previews at the Alley Theatre (Houston) on April 29, 2008, officially opening on May 18 and running through June 22. The production, directed by Alley artistic director Gregory Boyd with choreography by Randy Skinner, starred Harry Groener and Kerry O'Malley. The musical had many of the film's original songs, and also incorporated other Gershwin songs, such as "They All Laughed", "Let's Call the Whole Thing Off", and "Love Walked In".[9][10]
2014 adaptation[edit]
Main article: An American in Paris (musical)
In 2014, a stage adaptation premiered in Paris at the Théâtre du Châtelet, with Robert Fairchild as Jerry Mulligan and Leanne Cope as Lise Bouvier (here renamed Lise Dassin and turned into an aspiring ballet dancer). The production, which ran from November to January 2015, was directed and choreographed by Christopher Wheeldon, written by Craig Lucas and designed by Bob Crowley. The musical then transferred to Broadway, with previews at Palace Theatre beginning on March 13, 2015, before officially opening there on April 12.[11][12][13]
In popular culture[edit]
The epilogue of the 2016 musical film La La Land references the set design and costuming of An American in Paris.[14]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ An American in Paris at the American Film Institute Catalog
^ Jump up to: a b c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study .
Jump up ^ Koresky, Michael. "An American in Paris and Gigi". Retrieved December 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ McGee, Scott. "An American in Paris: Articles". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "An American in Paris: Notes". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "An American in Paris". Festival de Cannes. Retrieved October 8, 2011.
Jump up ^ Braxton, Greg (October 21, 2010). "Restored 'An American in Paris' to open TCM Classic Film Festival". LA Times.
Jump up ^ "An American in Paris re-released after digital restoration". BBC. 2 November 2011.
Jump up ^ "The Gershwins' An American in Paris Again Extends Houston Run". playbill.com. 2011-10-08. Archived from the original on 2009-01-26. Retrieved 2011-10-08.
Jump up ^ "The Gershwins' An American in Paris: 2007-2008 Season". Alley Theatre. Retrieved October 8, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gans, Andrew. "An American in Paris Will Open at Broadway's Palace in 2015" Archived July 25, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. Playbill.com, July 17, 2014
Jump up ^ Beardsley, Eleanor (December 25, 2014). "The French Go Crazy For 'An American In Paris'". NPR.
Jump up ^ Mackrell, Judith (December 8, 2014). "Return to rive gauche: how Christopher Wheedlon adapted An American in Paris". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Harris, Aisha (December 13, 2016). "La La Land's Many References to Classic Movies: A Guide". Slate. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to An American in Paris (film).
Wikiquote has quotations related to: An American in Paris (film)
An American in Paris on IMDb
An American in Paris at the TCM Movie Database
An American in Paris at AllMovie
An American in Paris at Rotten Tomatoes
Filmsite.org's Greatest Films An American in Paris
Combustible Celluloid's review of An American in Paris
Production art from An American in Paris, Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
[show]
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George and Ira Gershwin musicals, operas and films
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repurposed
Rhapsody in Blue (film)
An American in Paris (film)
My One and Only (musical)
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An American in Paris (musical)
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[show]
v
t
e
Arthur Freed musical productions
As producer
Babes in Arms (1939)
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Little Nellie Kelly (1940)
Lady Be Good (1941)
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For Me and My Gal (1942)
Cabin in the Sky (1943)
DuBarry Was a Lady (1943)
Best Foot Forward (1943)
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Uncredited
as producer
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Non-musicals
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[show]
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Undercurrent (1946)
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Madame Bovary (1949)
Father of the Bride (1950)
Father's Little Dividend (1951)
An American in Paris (1951)
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Kismet (1955)
Lust for Life (1956)
Tea and Sympathy (1956)
Designing Woman (1957)
Gigi (1958)
The Reluctant Debutante (1958)
Some Came Running (1958)
Home from the Hill (1960)
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The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1962)
Two Weeks in Another Town (1962)
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Patton (1970)
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Amadeus (1984)
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With a Song in My Heart (1952)
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Les Girls (1957)
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SUDOC: 184021529
BNF: cb165990106 (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=An_American_in_Paris_(film)&oldid=836402540"
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