text:
2026 FIFA World Cup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
2026 FIFA World Cup
FIFA World Cup United 2026
Copa Mundial de la FIFA Unidos 2026
Coupe du Monde de la FIFA - Unis 2026
Bid logo
Tournament details
Host countries
United States
Canada
Mexico
Dates
June–July
Teams
48 (from 6 confederations)
Venue(s)
16 (in 16 host cities)
← 2022
2030 →
The 2026 FIFA World Cup (Spanish: Copa mundial de la FIFA de 2026; French: Coupe du monde de la FIFA de 2026) will be the 23rd FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will be jointly hosted by 16 cities in three North American countries; 60 matches, including the quarterfinals, semi-finals, and the final, will be hosted by the United States while neighboring Canada and Mexico will each host 10 matches. The tournament will be the first hosted by three nations.[1][2]
The United 2026 bid beat a rival bid by Morocco during a final vote at the 68th FIFA Congress in Moscow. It will be the first World Cup since South Korea/Japan in 2002 that will be hosted by more than one nation. With its past hosting of the 1970 and 1986 tournaments, Mexico will also become the first country to host all or part of three men's World Cups.
The 2026 World Cup will also see the tournament expanded from 32 to 48 teams.[3]
Contents
1 Format
1.1 Slot allocation
1.1.1 Playoff tournament
1.2 Host selection
1.2.1 Voting
2 Qualification
3 Candidate cities and venues
3.1 Canada
3.2 Mexico
3.3 United States
4 Controversies
5 Broadcasting rights
6 References
Format[edit]
Michel Platini, who was then the UEFA president, had suggested in October 2013 an expansion of the tournament to 40 teams,[4][5] an idea that FIFA president Gianni Infantino also suggested in March 2016.[6] A desire to increase the number of participants in the tournament from the previous 32 team format was announced on October 4, 2016. Four expansion options were considered:[7][8][9][10]
Expand to 40 teams (8 groups of 5 teams) – 88 matches
Expand to 40 teams (10 groups of 4 teams) – 76 matches
Expand to 48 teams (opening 32-team playoff round) – 80 matches
Expand to 48 teams (16 groups of 3 teams) – 80 matches
On January 10, 2017, the FIFA Council voted unanimously to expand to a 48-team tournament.[3]
The tournament will open with a group stage consisting of 16 groups of three teams, with the top two teams progressing from each group to a knockout tournament starting with a round of 32 teams.[11] The number of games played overall will increase from 64 to 80, but the number of games played by finalists remains at seven, the same as with 32 teams, but one group match will be replaced by a knockout match. The tournament will also be completed within 32 days, the same as previous 32-team tournaments.[12]
The European Club Association and its member clubs opposed the proposal for expansion, saying that the number of games was already at an "unacceptable" level and they urged the governing body to reconsider its idea of increasing the number of teams that qualify.[13] They contended that it was a decision taken for political reasons because Infantino would thus satisfy his electorate, rather than for sporting reasons.[14] Liga de Fútbol Profesional president Javier Tebas agreed, affirming the unacceptability of the new format. He told Marca that the football industry is maintained thanks to clubs and leagues, not FIFA, and that Infantino did politics because to be elected he promised more countries in the World Cup; he wanted to keep the electoral promises.[15] German national team coach Joachim Löw warned that expansion, as had occurred for Euro 2016, would dilute the value of the world tournament because players have already reached their physical and mental limit.[16] Another criticism of the new format is that with three-team groups, the risk of collusion between the two teams playing in the last round of the group stage will increase compared with four-team groups (where simultaneous kick-offs have been employed). One suggestion by president Infantino is that group matches that end in draws will be decided by penalty shootouts.[17]
Slot allocation[edit]
On March 30, 2017, the Bureau of the FIFA Council (composed of the FIFA president and the presidents of each of the six confederations) proposed a slot allocation for the 2026 FIFA World Cup. The recommendation was submitted for the ratification by the FIFA Council.[18][19]
On May 9, 2017, two days before the 67th FIFA Congress, the FIFA Council approved the slot allocation in a meeting in Manama, Bahrain. It includes an intercontinental playoff tournament involving six teams to decide the last two FIFA World Cup berths.[20]
Confederation
FIFA eligible members
Places in finals
(including hosts)
Percentage of members
with places in finals
Places before 2026
(excluding hosts,
including half-places)
AFC 46 8 17% 4.5
CAF 54 9 17% 5
CONCACAF 35 6 17% 3.5
CONMEBOL 10 6 60% 4.5
OFC 11 1 9% 0.5
UEFA 55 16 29% 13
Playoff – 2 33% –
Total
211
48
23%
31 (+ hosts)
The issue of how to allocate automatic host country qualification given that there are multiple host countries has not yet been resolved and will be decided by the FIFA council.[18][20][21] The United bid anticipated all three host countries being awarded automatic places.[22]
The ratification of slot allocation gives OFC a guaranteed berth in the final tournament for the first time in FIFA World Cup history. The 2026 FIFA World Cup will be the first tournament in which all six confederations have guaranteed berths.
Playoff tournament[edit]
A playoff tournament involving six teams will be held to decide the last two FIFA World Cup berths,[18] consisting of one team per confederation (except for UEFA) and one additional team from the confederation of the host country (i.e. CONCACAF).
Two of the teams will be seeded based on the FIFA World Rankings, and the seeded teams will play for a FIFA World Cup berth against the winners of the first two knockout games involving the four unseeded teams.
The tournament is to be played in the host country(ies) and to be used as a test event for the FIFA World Cup. The existing playoff window of November 2025 has been suggested as a tentative date for the 2026 edition.
Host selection[edit]
Main articles: Morocco 2026 FIFA World Cup bid and United 2026 FIFA World Cup bid
Map of the World with the six confederations
The FIFA Council went back and forth between 2013 and 2017 on limitations within hosting rotation based on the continental confederations. Originally, it was set that bids to be host would not be allowed from countries belonging to confederations that hosted the two preceding tournaments. It was temporarily changed to only prohibit countries belonging to the confederation that hosted the previous World Cup from bidding to host the following tournament,[23] before the rule was changed back to its prior state of two World Cups. However, the FIFA Council did make an exception to potentially grant eligibility to member associations of the confederation of the second-to-last host of the FIFA World Cup in the event that none of the received bids fulfill the strict technical and financial requirements.[24][25] In March 2017, FIFA president Gianni Infantino confirmed that "Europe (UEFA) and Asia (AFC) are excluded from the bidding following the selection of Russia and Qatar in 2018 and 2022 respectively."[26] Therefore, the 2026 World Cup could be hosted by one of the remaining four confederations: CONCACAF (North America; last hosted in 1994), CAF (Africa; last hosted in 2010), CONMEBOL (South America; last hosted in 2014), or OFC (Oceania, never hosted before), or potentially by UEFA in case no bid from those four met the requirements.
After the selection, the map of world cup hosts stayed like this. Remember that some city locations may be wrong
Co-hosting the FIFA World Cup—which had been banned by FIFA after the 2002 World Cup—was approved for the 2026 World Cup, though not limited to a specific number but instead evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Also by 2026, the FIFA general secretariat, after consultation with the Competitions Committee, will have the power to exclude bidders who do not meet the minimum technical requirements to host the competition.[24]
Canada, Mexico and the United States had all publicly considered bidding for the tournament separately, but the United joint bid was announced on April 10, 2017. The United bid contacted 48 venues in 43 cities (3 venues in 3 cities in Mexico, 8 venues in 6 cities in Canada and 37 venues in 34 cities in the United States). This bid was ultimately cut down to 23 venues in 23 cities (3 in Canada, 3 in Mexico and 17 in the United States; the American venues will be cut down to 10 for a total of 16 venues for the tournament). Morocco announced its bid in August 2017, and had 14 proposed venues in 12 cities.
Voting results:
Allowed to vote
Banned from voting
Voted for United bid
Canada/Mexico/United States
Voted for Moroccan bid
Morocco
Voted for neither
Sanctioned by FIFA
Abstained from voting
Not a FIFA member
Voting[edit]
Main article: 2026 FIFA World Cup bids
The voting took place on June 13, 2018, during FIFA's annual congress in Moscow, and it was reopened to all eligible members.[27] The United bid won receiving 134 valid ballots, while the Morocco bid received 65 valid ballots. Upon the selection, Canada becomes the fifth country to host both men's and women's World Cup—the latter was in 2015, Mexico becomes the first country to host three men's World Cups—previously in 1970 and 1986, and the United States becomes the first country to host both men's and women's World Cup twice each—having hosted the 1994 men's and the 1999 and 2003 women's World Cups.
Qualification[edit]
The 2026 World Cup's qualification process has yet to be decided. The FIFA Council is expected to decide which hosts, if any, will receive automatic qualifications to the tournament.[18][20][21] The United Bid personnel anticipated that all three host countries would be awarded automatic places.[22]
CAF (Africa): 9 slots
AFC (Asia): 8 slots
UEFA (Europe): 16 slots
CONCACAF (North and Central America and Caribbean): 3 slots
OFC (Oceania): 1 slot
CONMEBOL (South America): 6 slots
Playoff: 2 slots
Candidate cities and venues[edit]
During the bidding process, there were 49 venues in 43 cities contacted to be part of the bid. 41 cities with 45 venues responded and submitted to be part of the bid (3 venues in 3 cities in Mexico, 8 venues in 6 cities in Canada and 38 venues in 34 cities in the United States). A first round elimination cut 9 venues and 9 cities, then a second round elimination cut 9 venues in 6 cities, reducing the total number to 23 venues, each in their own city or metropolitan area. The 23 candidate cities and venues will be narrowed down to 16 in 2020 or 2021 (3 in Canada, 3 in Mexico, and 10 in the United States):
A denotes a stadium used for previous men's World Cup tournaments (United States and Mexico only)
A denotes an indoor stadium with a fixed or retractable roof.
Canada[edit]
Montreal[28]
Edmonton[28]
Toronto[28]
Olympic Stadium Commonwealth Stadium BMO Field
Capacity: 61,004
(Bid book capacity: 55,822)
(Expandable to 73,000) Capacity: 56,302
(Bid book capacity: 56,418) Capacity: 30,000
(Expanding to 45,500 for tournament)
Edmonton
Montreal
Toronto
Canadian candidate cities
Mexico[edit]
Mexico City[28]
Monterrey[28]
Guadalajara[28]
Estadio Azteca Estadio BBVA Bancomer Estadio Akron
Capacity: 87,523 Capacity: 53,500
(Bid book capacity: 53,460) Capacity: 46,232
(Bid book capacity: 48,071)
Mexico City
Monterrey
Guadalajara
Mexican candidate cities
United States[edit]
Los Angeles[28]
New York City[28]
Washington, D.C.[28]
Dallas[28]
Rose Bowl
(Pasadena, California) MetLife Stadium
(East Rutherford, New Jersey) FedExField
(Landover, Maryland) AT&T Stadium
(Arlington, Texas)
Capacity: 92,000
(Bid book capacity: 88,432) Capacity: 82,500
(Bid book capacity: 87,157) Capacity: 82,000
(Bid book capacity: 70,249) Capacity: 80,000
(Bid book capacity: 92,967)
(expandable to 100,000)
Kansas City[28]
Denver[28]
Houston[28]
Baltimore[28]
Arrowhead Stadium Broncos Stadium at Mile High NRG Stadium M&T Bank Stadium
Capacity: 76,416
(Bid book capacity: 76,640) Capacity: 76,125
(Bid book capacity: 77,595) Capacity: 71,795
(Bid book capacity: 72,220) Capacity: 71,006
(Bid book capacity: 70,976)
Atlanta[28]
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Cincinnati
Dallas
Denver
Houston
Kansas City
Los Angeles
Miami
Nashville
New York City
Orlando
Philadelphia
San Francisco Bay Area
Seattle
Washington, D.C.
United States candidate cities
Mercedes-Benz Stadium
Capacity: 71,000
(Bid book capacity: 75,000)
(expandable to 83,000)
Philadelphia[28]
Nashville[28]
Seattle[28]
San Francisco Bay Area[28]
Lincoln Financial Field Nissan Stadium CenturyLink Field Levi's Stadium
(Santa Clara, California)
Capacity: 69,176
(Bid book capacity: 69,328) Capacity: 69,143
(Bid book capacity: 69,722)
(expandable to 75,000) Capacity: 69,000
(expandable to 72,000) Capacity: 68,500
(Bid book capacity: 70,909)
(expandable to 75,000)
Boston[28]
Cincinnati[28]
Miami[28]
Orlando[28]
Gillette Stadium
(Foxborough, Massachusetts) Paul Brown Stadium Hard Rock Stadium
(Miami Gardens, Florida) Camping World Stadium
Capacity: 65,878
(Bid book capacity: 70,000) Capacity: 65,515
(Bid book capacity: 67,402) Capacity: 64,767
(Bid book capacity: 67,518) Capacity: 60,219
(Bid book capacity: 65,000)
Controversies[edit]
FIFA president Gianni Infantino criticized the U.S. travel ban on several Muslim-majority nations. Infantino said, "When it comes to FIFA competitions, any team, including the supporters and officials of that team, who qualify for a World Cup need to have access to the country, otherwise there is no World Cup. That is obvious."[29]
However, assurances were later given by the government that there would be no such discrimination.[30][31]
U.S. President Donald Trump threatened the countries that intended to support the Morocco bid to host the 2026 World Cup, tweeting: "The US has put together a STRONG bid w/ Canada & Mexico for the 2026 World Cup. It would be a shame if countries that we always support were to lobby against the U.S. bid. Why should we be supporting these countries when they don’t support us (including at the United Nations)?"[32]
Broadcasting rights[edit]
Canada – CTV, TSN, RDS[33]
United States – Fox, Telemundo[34]
On February 12, 2015, Fox, Telemundo, and Bell Media's rights to the tournament were renewed by FIFA to cover 2026, without accepting any other bids. The New York Times believed that this extension was intended as compensation for the rescheduling of the 2022 World Cup to November-December rather than its traditional June-July scheduling, which falls during the heart of the regular season for several major North American sports leagues (including the National Football League; Fox is a main U.S. rightsholder).[35][36][37]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "World Cup 2026: Canada, US & Mexico joint bid wins right to host tournament". BBC. June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ Carlise, Jeff (April 10, 2017). "U.S., neighbors launch 2026 World Cup bid". ESPN. Archived from the original on April 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Unanimous decision expands FIFA World Cup™ to 48 teams from 2026". FIFA. January 10, 2017. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Michel Platini calls for 40-team World Cup starting with Russia 2018". The Guardian. October 28, 2013. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BBC Sport — Michel Platini's World Cup expansion plan unlikely — Fifa". BBC Sport. October 29, 2013. Archived from the original on April 21, 2014. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Infantino suggests 40-team World Cup finals". Independent Online. South Africa: IOL. Reuters. March 30, 2016. Archived from the original on December 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ "New Fifa chief backs 48-team World Cup". HeraldLIVE. October 7, 2016. Archived from the original on October 10, 2016. It's an idea, just as the World Cup with 40 teams is already on the table with groups of four or five teams.
Jump up ^ "Fifa's 5 options for a 2026 World Cup of 48, 40 or 32 teams". Yahoo! Sports. Associated Press. December 23, 2016. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "FIFA World Cup format proposals" (PDF). FIFA. December 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Federations 'overwhelmingly in favour' of 48-team World Cup – Infantino". ESPN. December 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fifa approves Infantino's plan to expand World Cup to 48 teams from 2026". The Guardian. Archived from the original on January 10, 2017. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "World Cup: Gianni Infantino defends tournament expansion to 48 teams". BBC Sport. January 10, 2017. Archived from the original on March 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "World Cup: Europe's top clubs oppose FIFA's expansion plans". CNN. December 15, 2016. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Críticas a decisión de la FIFA de jugar el Mundial 2026 con 48 selecciones". El Universo (in Spanish). Agence France-Presse. January 10, 2017. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mundial de 48 equipos: durísimas críticas en Europa". Clarín (in Spanish). January 10, 2017. Archived from the original on January 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Low confirms opposition to 40-team World Cup". sbs.com.au. Australian Associated Press. October 2, 2016. Archived from the original on October 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ George Flood (January 10, 2017). "How 48-team World Cup in 2026 will work and what is left to be decided". International Business Times. Archived from the original on January 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Bureau of the Council recommends slot allocation for the 2026 FIFA World Cup". FIFA. March 30, 2017. Archived from the original on April 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "World Cup 2026: Fifa reveals allocation for 48-team tournament". BBC. March 30, 2017. Archived from the original on March 30, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "FIFA Council prepares Congress, takes key decisions for the future of the FIFA World Cup™". FIFA. May 9, 2017. Archived from the original on June 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "World Cup 2026: Canada, US & Mexico joint bid wins right to host tournament". BBC Sport. June 13, 2018. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "United 2026 bid book" (PDF). Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Current allocation of FIFA World Cup™ confederation slots maintained". FIFA. May 30, 2015. Archived from the original on May 30, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "FIFA Council discusses vision for the future of football". FIFA. October 14, 2016. Archived from the original on October 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ "FIFA blocks Europe from hosting 2026 World Cup, lifting Canada's chances". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Associated Press. October 14, 2016. Archived from the original on October 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Trump travel ban could prevent United States hosting World Cup". The Guardian. March 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ https://www.theguardian.com/football/live/2018/jun/13/world-cup-2026-vote-fifa-nations-choose-between-north-america-and-morocco-live
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "United 2026 bid book" (PDF). united2026.com. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Donald Trump travel ban could prevent USA from hosting 2026 World Cup". The Independent. March 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Davis, Scott. "Anti-Trump sentiments around the world could reportedly cost the US a chance to host the 2026 World Cup". Business Insider.
Jump up ^ "U.S. offers assurances over 2026 World Cup". ESPN. Associated Press. Retrieved May 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Donald Trump issues warning to other countries over voting against US 2026 World Cup bid". The Independent. April 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ Sandomir, Richard (February 12, 2015). "Fox and Telemundo to Show World Cup Through 2026 as FIFA Extends Contracts"". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ Parker, Ryan. "2026 World Cup TV rights awarded without bids; ESPN 'surprised'" Archived March 3, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.. Los Angeles Times. February 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ "FIFA grants Fox, Telemundo U.S. TV rights for World Cup through 2026". SI.com. February 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Why FIFA Made Deal With Fox for 2026 Cup". The New York Times. February 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "FIFA extending TV deals through 2026 World Cup with CTV, TSN and RDS". The Globe and Mail. 12 February 2015. Archived from the original on 10 April 2016.
2020s portal
Association football portal
Canada portal
Mexico portal
Soccer in the United States portal
show
v
t
e
2026 FIFA World Cup
General information
Qualification
Bids
show
v
t
e
FIFA World Cup
Tournaments
Uruguay 1930
Italy 1934
France 1938
Brazil 1950
Switzerland 1954
Sweden 1958
Chile 1962
England 1966
Mexico 1970
West Germany 1974
Argentina 1978
Spain 1982
Mexico 1986
Italy 1990
United States 1994
France 1998
South Korea–Japan 2002
Germany 2006
South Africa 2010
Brazil 2014
Russia 2018
Qatar 2022
Canada–Mexico–United States 2026
2030
2034
Qualification
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Finals
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Squads
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Seedings
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Broadcasters
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Bids
2014
2018 and 2022
2026
2030
Statistics
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Disciplinary record
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Team appearances
AFC
CAF
CONCACAF
CONMEBOL
OFC
UEFA
Teams with no appearances
Overall records
All-time table
Goalscorers
top goalscorers
finals goalscorers
hat-tricks
own goals
Penalty shoot-outs
Player appearances
Red cards
Referees
Winners
Miscellaneous
Openings
Stadiums
Awards
Balls
Economics
Final draw
History
Hosts
Mascots
Official films
Official anthems & songs
Organisers
Trophy
Video games
Notes: There was no qualification for the 1930 World Cup as places were given by invitation only. In 1950, there was no final; the article is about the decisive match of the final group stage.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2026_FIFA_World_Cup&oldid=856577972"
Categories:
2026 FIFA World Cup
Scheduled association football competitions
FIFA World Cup tournaments
2026 in association football
International association football competitions hosted by Canada
International association football competitions hosted by Mexico
International association football competitions hosted by the United States
Hidden categories:
CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)
Webarchive template wayback links
Use mdy dates from August 2018
Use American English from June 2018
All Wikipedia articles written in American English
Articles containing Spanish-language text
Articles containing French-language text
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
Asturianu
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Български
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Galego
한국어
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Runa Simi
Русский
Simple English
Slovenčina
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
吴语
中文
40 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 August 2018, at 06:09 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: caption

values: USA-Canada-Mexico 2026 World Cup Bid Logo (local).png

values: List of men's national association football teams

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Elimination_tournament
mw-redirect
Elimination tournament

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter
text-align: center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #867650; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #FFBD41; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #2770AB; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #55208D; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #008E2A; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #000000; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #B32A2F; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #C1C1C1; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values:
/wiki/Oceanian_Football_Confederation
mw-redirect
Oceanian Football Confederation

values: Edit section: Candidate cities and venues

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

values: FIFA Women's World Cup Canada 2015 - Edmonton.jpg

values: 2026 FIFA World Cup is located in Canada

values: 2026 FIFA World Cup is located in Mexico

values: 2017 Rose Bowl, USC vs Penn State - Game Play.jpg

values: Guardsmen Support the 58th Presidential Inauguration 170119-Z-YI114-090.jpg

values: Aerial view of Arrowhead Stadium 08-31-2013 crop.jpg

values: SAF at Mile High AFC Championship interior.jpg

values: 2026 FIFA World Cup is located in the US

values: Mercedes Benz Stadium time lapse capture 2017-08-13.jpg

values:
/wiki/Yahoo!_Sports
mw-redirect
Yahoo! Sports

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Template talk:2026 FIFA World Cup (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/2026_FIFA_World_Cup_qualification
mw-redirect
2026 FIFA World Cup qualification

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/2030_FIFA_World_Cup_bids
mw-redirect
2030 FIFA World Cup bids

values: National team appearances in the FIFA World Cup

values: North, Central American and Caribbean nations at the FIFA World Cup

values: South American nations at the FIFA World Cup

values: List of national teams with no FIFA World Cup appearances

values: List of FIFA World Cup finals goalscorers

values: List of FIFA World Cup penalty shoot-outs

values: List of players who have appeared in multiple FIFA World Cups

values: List of FIFA World Cup official match balls

values: Category:Scheduled association football competitions

values: Category:International association football competitions hosted by Canada

values: Category:International association football competitions hosted by Mexico

values: Category:International association football competitions hosted by the United States

values: Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Use American English from June 2018

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English

values: Category:Articles containing Spanish-language text

values: Category:Articles containing French-language text

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/2026_FIFA_World_Cup
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: FIFA Sokker-Wêreldbekertoernooi in 2026 – Afrikaans

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values: كأس العالم 2026 – Arabic

values: Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2026 – Asturian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values: ২০২৬ ফিফা বিশ্বকাপ – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values: Световно първенство по футбол 2026 – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values: Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu 2026. – Bosnian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values: Copa del Món de Futbol de 2026 – Catalan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values: Mistrovství světa ve fotbale 2026 – Czech

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values: 2026. aasta jalgpalli maailmameistrivõistlused – Estonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Παγκόσμιο Κύπελλο Ποδοσφαίρου 2026 – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values: Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2026 – Spanish

values: 2026ko Munduko Futbol Txapelketa – Basque

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: جام جهانی فوتبال ۲۰۲۶ – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: Coupe du monde de football de 2026 – French

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu - Kanada, Meksiko, SAD 2026. – Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values: Campionato mondiale di calcio 2026 – Italian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: 2026. gada FIFA Pasaules kauss – Latvian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values: XXIII pasaulio futbolo čempionatas – Lithuanian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values: 2026-os labdarúgó-világbajnokság – Hungarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arz
display: none;

values: Wereldkampioenschap voetbal 2026 – Dutch

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: Mistrzostwa Świata w Piłce Nożnej 2026 – Polish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Campionatul Mondial de Fotbal 2026 – Romanian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Piluta Hayt'ay Pachantin Kupa 2026 – Quechua

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-qu
display: none;

values: Чемпионат мира по футболу 2026 – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values: Majstrovstvá sveta vo futbale 2026 – Slovak

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values: Светско првенство у фудбалу 2026. – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values: Jalkapallon maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 2026 – Finnish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: Världsmästerskapet i fotboll 2026 – Swedish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: 2026 பீஃபா உலகக்கோப்பை காற்பந்து – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values: ฟุตบอลโลก 2026 – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: Чемпіонат світу з футболу 2026 – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: 2026ء فیفا عالمی کپ – Urdu

values: Giải vô địch bóng đá thế giới 2026 – Vietnamese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-2026_FIFA_World_Cup rootpage-2026_FIFA_World_Cup skin-vector action-view


text:
Light-independent reactions
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
See also: Light-dependent reactions
This article needs attention from an expert in Biology or Molecular and Cell Biology. The specific problem is: The title and scope of this article have issues. See the talk page for details. WikiProject Biology or WikiProject Molecular and Cell Biology may be able to help recruit an expert. (April 2017)
The internal structure of a chloroplast
The light-independent reactions, or dark reactions,[1] of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. These reactions occur in the stroma, the fluid-filled area of a chloroplast outside the thylakoid membranes. These reactions take the products (ATP and NADPH) of light-dependent reactions and perform further chemical processes on them. There are three phases to the light-independent reactions, collectively called the Calvin cycle: carbon fixation, reduction reactions, and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration.
This process occurs only when light is available. Plants do not carry out the Calvin cycle during nighttime. They instead release sucrose into the phloem from their starch reserves. This process happens when light is available independent of the kind of photosynthesis (C3 carbon fixation, C4 carbon fixation, and Crassulacean acid metabolism); CAM plants store malic acid in their vacuoles every night and release it by day to make this process work. They are also known as dark reactions.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Coupling to other metabolic pathways
1.1 Steps
1.2 Products
2 Light-dependent regulation
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
Coupling to other metabolic pathways [edit]
These reactions are closely coupled to the thylakoid electron transport chain as reducing power provided by NADPH produced in the photosystem I is actively needed. The process of photorespiration, also known as C2 cycle, is also coupled to the dark reactions, as it results from an alternative reaction of the RuBisCO enzyme, and its final byproduct is also another glyceraldehyde-3-P.
Overview of the Calvin cycle and carbon fixation
The Calvin cycle, Calvin–Benson–Bassham (CBB) cycle, reductive pentose phosphate cycle or C3 cycle is a series of biochemical redox reactions that take place in the stroma of chloroplast in photosynthetic organisms.
The cycle was discovered by Melvin Calvin, James Bassham, and Andrew Benson at the University of California, Berkeley[3] by using the radioactive isotope carbon-14.
Photosynthesis occurs in two stages in a cell. In the first stage, light-dependent reactions capture the energy of light and use it to make the energy-storage and transport molecules ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle uses the energy from short-lived electronically excited carriers to convert carbon dioxide and water into organic compounds[4] that can be used by the organism (and by animals that feed on it). This set of reactions is also called carbon fixation. The key enzyme of the cycle is called RuBisCO. In the following biochemical equations, the chemical species (phosphates and carboxylic acids) exist in equilibria among their various ionized states as governed by the pH.
The enzymes in the Calvin cycle are functionally equivalent to most enzymes used in other metabolic pathways such as gluconeogenesis and the pentose phosphate pathway, but they are found in the chloroplast stroma instead of the cell cytosol, separating the reactions. They are activated in the light (which is why the name "dark reaction" is misleading), and also by products of the light-dependent reaction. These regulatory functions prevent the Calvin cycle from being respired to carbon dioxide. Energy (in the form of ATP) would be wasted in carrying out these reactions that have no net productivity.
The sum of reactions in the Calvin cycle is the following:
3 CO
2 + 6 NADPH + 6 H+ + 9 ATP → glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 3 H
2O + 8 Pi (Pi = inorganic phosphate)
Hexose (six-carbon) sugars are not a product of the Calvin cycle. Although many texts list a product of photosynthesis as C
6H
12O
6, this is mainly a convenience to counter the equation of respiration, where six-carbon sugars are oxidized in mitochondria. The carbohydrate products of the Calvin cycle are three-carbon sugar phosphate molecules, or "triose phosphates", namely, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P).
Steps[edit]
In the first stage of the Calvin cycle, a CO2 molecule is incorporated into one of two three-carbon molecules (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or G3P), where it uses up two molecules of ATP and two molecules of NADPH, which had been produced in the light-dependent stage. The three steps involved are:
Calvin cycle step 1 (black circles represent carbon atoms)
Calvin cycle steps 2 and 3 combined
The enzyme RuBisCO catalyses the carboxylation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, RuBP, a 5-carbon compound, by carbon dioxide (a total of 6 carbons) in a two-step reaction.[5] The product of the first step is enediol-enzyme complex that can capture CO
2 or O
2. Thus, enediol-enzyme complex is the real carboxylase/oxygenase. The CO
2 that is captured by enediol in second step produces an unstable six-carbon compound called 2-carboxy 3-keto 1,5-biphosphoribotol (or 3-keto-2-carboxyarabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate) that immediately splits into 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate, or 3-PGA, a 3-carbon compound[6] (also: 3-phosphoglyceric acid, PGA, 3PGA).
The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase catalyses the phosphorylation of 3-PGA by ATP (which was produced in the light-dependent stage). 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (1,3BPGA, glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate) and ADP are the products. (However, note that two 3-PGAs are produced for every CO
2 that enters the cycle, so this step utilizes two ATP per CO
2 fixed.)
The enzyme glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase catalyses the reduction of 1,3BPGA by NADPH (which is another product of the light-dependent stage). Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (also called G3P, GP, TP, PGAL, GAP) is produced, and the NADPH itself is oxidized and becomes NADP+. Again, two NADPH are utilized per CO
2 fixed.
Regeneration stage of the Calvin cycle
The next stage in the Calvin cycle is to regenerate RuBP. Five G3P molecules produce three RuBP molecules, using up three molecules of ATP. Since each CO2 molecule produces two G3P molecules, three CO2 molecules produce six G3P molecules, of which five are used to regenerate RuBP, leaving a net gain of one G3P molecule per three CO2 molecules (as would be expected from the number of carbon atoms involved).
Simplified C3 cycle with structural formulas
The regeneration stage can be broken down into steps.
Triose phosphate isomerase converts all of the G3P reversibly into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), also a 3-carbon molecule.
Aldolase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase convert a G3P and a DHAP into fructose 6-phosphate (6C). A phosphate ion is lost into solution.
Then fixation of another CO
2 generates two more G3P.
F6P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving erythrose-4-phosphate. The two carbons on transketolase are added to a G3P, giving the ketose xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P).
E4P and a DHAP (formed from one of the G3P from the second CO
2 fixation) are converted into sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (7C) by aldolase enzyme.
Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase (one of only three enzymes of the Calvin cycle that are unique to plants) cleaves sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate into sedoheptulose-7-phosphate, releasing an inorganic phosphate ion into solution.
Fixation of a third CO
2 generates two more G3P. The ketose S7P has two carbons removed by transketolase, giving ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), and the two carbons remaining on transketolase are transferred to one of the G3P, giving another Xu5P. This leaves one G3P as the product of fixation of 3 CO
2, with generation of three pentoses that can be converted to Ru5P.
R5P is converted into ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P, RuP) by phosphopentose isomerase. Xu5P is converted into RuP by phosphopentose epimerase.
Finally, phosphoribulokinase (another plant-unique enzyme of the pathway) phosphorylates RuP into RuBP, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, completing the Calvin cycle. This requires the input of one ATP.
Thus, of six G3P produced, five are used to make three RuBP (5C) molecules (totaling 15 carbons), with only one G3P available for subsequent conversion to hexose. This requires nine ATP molecules and six NADPH molecules per three CO
2 molecules. The equation of the overall Calvin cycle is shown diagrammatically below.
The overall equation of the Calvin cycle (black circles represent carbon atoms)
RuBisCO also reacts competitively with O
2 instead of CO
2 in photorespiration. The rate of photorespiration is higher at high temperatures. Photorespiration turns RuBP into 3-PGA and 2-phosphoglycolate, a 2-carbon molecule that can be converted via glycolate and glyoxalate to glycine. Via the glycine cleavage system and tetrahydrofolate, two glycines are converted into serine +CO
2. Serine can be converted back to 3-phosphoglycerate. Thus, only 3 of 4 carbons from two phosphoglycolates can be converted back to 3-PGA. It can be seen that photorespiration has very negative consequences for the plant, because, rather than fixing CO
2, this process leads to loss of CO
2. C4 carbon fixation evolved to circumvent photorespiration, but can occur only in certain plants native to very warm or tropical climates—corn, for example.
Products[edit]
The immediate products of one turn of the Calvin cycle are 2 glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) molecules, 3 ADP, and 2 NADP+. (ADP and NADP+ are not really "products." They are regenerated and later used again in the Light-dependent reactions). Each G3P molecule is composed of 3 carbons. For the Calvin cycle to continue, RuBP (ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate) must be regenerated. So, 5 out of 6 carbons from the 2 G3P molecules are used for this purpose. Therefore, there is only 1 net carbon produced to play with for each turn. To create 1 surplus G3P requires 3 carbons, and therefore 3 turns of the Calvin cycle. To make one glucose molecule (which can be created from 2 G3P molecules) would require 6 turns of the Calvin cycle. Surplus G3P can also be used to form other carbohydrates such as starch, sucrose, and cellulose, depending on what the plant needs.[7]
Light-dependent regulation[edit]
Main article: Light-dependent reactions
These reactions do not occur in the dark or at night. There is a light-dependent regulation of the cycle enzymes, as the third step requires reduced NADP.
There are two regulation systems at work when the cycle must be turned on or off: the thioredoxin/ferredoxin activation system, which activates some of the cycle enzymes; and the RuBisCo enzyme activation, active in the Calvin cycle, which involves its own activase.
The thioredoxin/ferredoxin system activates the enzymes glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-P phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase, and ribulose-5-phosphatase kinase, which are key points of the process. This happens when light is available, as the ferredoxin protein is reduced in the photosystem I complex of the thylakoid electron chain when electrons are circulating through it.[8] Ferredoxin then binds to and reduces the thioredoxin protein, which activates the cycle enzymes by severing a cystine bond found in all these enzymes. This is a dynamic process as the same bond is formed again by other proteins that deactivate the enzymes. The implications of this process are that the enzymes remain mostly activated by day and are deactivated in the dark when there is no more reduced ferredoxin available.
The enzyme RuBisCo has its own, more complex activation process. It requires that a specific lysine amino acid be carbamylated to activate the enzyme. This lysine binds to RuBP and leads to a non-functional state if left uncarbamylated. A specific activase enzyme, called RuBisCo activase, helps this carbamylation process by removing one proton from the lysine and making the binding of the carbon dioxide molecule possible. Even then the RuBisCo enzyme is not yet functional, as it needs a magnesium ion bound to the lysine to function. This magnesium ion is released from the thylakoid lumen when the inner pH drops due to the active pumping of protons from the electron flow. RuBisCo activase itself is activated by increased concentrations of ATP in the stroma caused by its phosphorylation.
References[edit]
Citations
Jump up ^ Silverstein, Alvin (2008). Photosynthesis. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 21. ISBN 9780822567981.
Jump up ^ John C. Cushman (2001). "A Plastic Photosynthetic Adaptation to Arid Environments". Plant Physiology. 127 (4): 1439–1448. doi:10.1104/pp.010818. PMC 1540176  . PMID 11743087.
Jump up ^ Bassham J, Benson A, Calvin M (1950). "The path of carbon in photosynthesis" (PDF). J Biol Chem. 185 (2): 781–7. doi:10.2172/910351. PMID 14774424.
Jump up ^ Campbell, Neil A.; Brad Williamson; Robin J. Heyden (2006). Biology: Exploring Life. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-250882-6.
Jump up ^ Farazdaghi H (2009). "Modeling the Kinetics of Activation and Reaction of RuBisCO from Gas Exchange". Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration. 29 (IV): 275–294. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9237-4_12.
Jump up ^ Campbell, and Reece Biology: 8th Edition, page 198. Benjamin Cummings, December 7, 2007.
Jump up ^ Russell, Wolfe et al.Biology: Exploring the Diversity of Life'.Toronto:Nelson College Indigenous,1st ed, Vol. 1, 2010, pg 151
Jump up ^ Besse, I; Buchanan, B (1997). "Thioredoxin-linked animal and plant processes: the new generation". Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 38: 1–11.
Bibliography
Bassham JA (2003). "Mapping the carbon reduction cycle: a personal retrospective". Photosyn. Res. 76 (1-3): 35–52. doi:10.1023/A:1024929725022. PMID 16228564.
Diwan, Joyce J. (2005). "Photosynthetic Dark Reaction". Biochemistry and Biophysics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
Portis, Archie; Parry, Martin (2007). "Discoveries in Rubisco (Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase): a historical perspective" (PDF). Photosynthesis Research. 94 (1): 121–143. doi:10.1007/s11120-007-9225-6. PMID 17665149. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-03-12
Further reading[edit]
Rubisco Activase, from the Plant Physiology Online website
Thioredoxins, from the Plant Physiology Online website
External links[edit]
The Biochemistry of the Calvin Cycle at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
The Calvin Cycle and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway from Biochemistry, Fifth Edition by Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko and Lubert Stryer. Published by W. H. Freeman and Company (2002).
[show]
v
t
e
Branches of life science and biology
Anatomy
Astrobiology
Biochemistry
Biogeography
Biohistory
Biomechanics
Biophysics
Bioinformatics
Biostatistics
Botany
Cell biology
Cellular microbiology
Chemical biology
Chronobiology
Computational biology
Conservation biology
Cytogenetics
Developmental biology
Ecology
Embryology
Epidemiology
Epigenetics
Evolutionary biology
Freshwater biology
Geobiology
Genetics
Genomics
Histology
Human biology
Immunology
Marine biology
Mathematical biology
Microbiology
Molecular biology
Mycology
Neontology
Neuroscience
Nutrition
Origin of life
Paleontology
Parasitology
Pathology
Pharmacology
Phylogenetics
Physiology
Quantum biology
Sociobiology
Structural biology
Systematics
Systems biology
Taxonomy
Teratology
Toxicology
Virology
Virophysics
Zoology
[show]
v
t
e
Branches of chemistry
Dictionary of chemical formulas
List of biomolecules
List of inorganic compounds
Periodic table
Physical
Chemical kinetics
Chemical physics
Nuclear chemistry
Electrochemistry
Femtochemistry
Geochemistry
Photochemistry
Quantum chemistry
Solid-state chemistry
Spectroscopy
Surface science
Thermochemistry
Organic
Biochemistry
Bioorganic chemistry
Biophysical chemistry
Chemical biology
Clinical chemistry
Fullerene chemistry
Medicinal chemistry
Neurochemistry
Pharmacy
Physical organic chemistry
Polymer chemistry
Inorganic
Bioinorganic chemistry
Cluster chemistry
Coordination chemistry
Materials science
Organometallic chemistry
Others
Actinide chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Astrochemistry
Atmospheric chemistry
Chemistry education
Clay chemistry
Click chemistry
Computational chemistry
Cosmochemistry
Environmental chemistry
Food chemistry
Forensic chemistry
Green chemistry
Ocean chemistry
Post-mortem chemistry
Supramolecular chemistry
Theoretical chemistry
Wet chemistry
Category
Commons
WikiProject
Metabolism portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Light-independent_reactions&oldid=842731891"
Categories:
Photosynthesis
Metabolism
Hidden categories:
Articles needing expert attention from April 2017
All articles needing expert attention
Biology articles needing expert attention
Miscellaneous articles needing expert attention
Articles with inconsistent citation formats
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Deutsch
Español
Esperanto
Galego
한국어
Bahasa Melayu
Simple English
Türkçe
Edit links
This page was last edited on 24 May 2018, at 09:23.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: td

value: b

values: Wikipedia:WikiProject Molecular and Cell Biology

value: span

value: i

value: small

value: tr

value: tbody

values:
plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content
presentation

values:
/wiki/File:Chloroplast_structure.svg
image
The internal structure of a chloroplast

values: float: left; margin-top: 0.25em; width: 11px; height: 9.5px; position: relative; width: 0px; height: 0px; border-style: solid inset; border-width: 0 5.5px 9.5px 5.5px; border-color: transparent transparent #1abc31 transparent;

values:
/wiki/Thylakoid_membranes
mw-redirect
Thylakoid membranes

values: Edit section: Coupling to other metabolic pathways

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Calvin_cycle
mw-redirect
Calvin cycle

values: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

values: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (phosphorylating)

values:
/wiki/Triose_phosphate_isomerase
mw-redirect
Triose phosphate isomerase

values:
/wiki/Phosphopentose_isomerase
mw-redirect
Phosphopentose isomerase

values: Edit section: Light-dependent regulation

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1104%2Fpp.010818

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11743087

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2172%2F910351

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14774424

values: Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin (page does not exist)

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1024929725022

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16228564

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17665149

values:
/wiki/Life_science
mw-redirect
Life science

values:
/wiki/Biological_classification
mw-redirect
Biological classification

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Dictionary_of_chemical_formulas
mw-redirect
Dictionary of chemical formulas

values:
/wiki/Coordination_chemistry
mw-redirect
Coordination chemistry

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Category:Articles needing expert attention from April 2017

values: Category:All articles needing expert attention

values: Category:Biology articles needing expert attention

values: Category:Miscellaneous articles needing expert attention

values: Category:Articles with inconsistent citation formats

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Light-independent_reactions
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: تفاعل غير معتمد على الضوء – Arabic

values: Light-independent reaction – Simple English

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Light-independent_reactions rootpage-Light-independent_reactions skin-vector action-view


text:
NBA Rookie of the Year Award
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
[hide]National Basketball Association awards and honors
Championship
O'Brien Trophy
Brown Trophy (defunct)
Individual awards
All-Star Game MVP
Bill Russell Finals MVP
Coach of the Year
Defensive Player of the Year
Executive of the Year
J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship
Community Assist Award
Most Improved Player
Most Valuable Player
Rookie of the Year
Sixth Man of the Year
Sportsmanship Award
Twyman–Stokes Teammate of the Year
Lifetime Achievement Award
Honors
All-NBA Team
All-Rookie Team
All-Defensive Team
v
t
e
The National Basketball Association's Rookie of the Year Award is an annual National Basketball Association (NBA) award given to the top rookie(s) of the regular season. Initiated following the 1952–53 NBA season, it confers the Eddie Gottlieb Trophy, named after the former Philadelphia Warriors head coach.
The winner is selected by a panel of United States and Canadian sportswriters and broadcasters,[1] each casting first, second, and third place votes (worth five points, three points, and one point respectively). The player(s) with the highest point total, regardless of the number of first-place votes, wins the award.[2]
The most recent Rookie of the Year winner is Malcolm Brogdon. Twenty-one winners were drafted first overall. Sixteen winners have also won the NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) award in their careers; Wilt Chamberlain and Wes Unseld earning both honors the same season. Nineteen of the forty two non-active winners have been elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Three seasons had joint winners—Dave Cowens and Geoff Petrie in the 1970–71 season, Grant Hill and Jason Kidd in the 1994–95 season, and Elton Brand and Steve Francis in the 1999–2000 season.[3] Five players won the award unanimously (by capturing all of the first-place votes) – Ralph Sampson, David Robinson, Blake Griffin, Damian Lillard, and Karl-Anthony Towns.[4]
Patrick Ewing of Jamaica,[5] Pau Gasol of Spain, Kyrie Irving of Australia and Andrew Wiggins of Canada are the only winners not born in the United States. Ewing immigrated to the Boston area at age 11, Irving moved to the United States at age 2, and Wiggins moved to the U.S. as a junior in high school; Gasol is the only winner trained totally outside the U.S.
Contents
[hide]
1 Winners
2 Unofficial winners
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
Winners[edit]
Wilt Chamberlain won the award in the 1959–60 NBA season.
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar won the award in the 1969–70 NBA season.
Larry Bird won the award in the 1979–80 NBA season.
Michael Jordan won the award in the 1984–85 NBA season.
Allen Iverson won the award in the 1996–97 NBA season.
Pau Gasol won the award in the 2001–02 NBA season.
LeBron James won the award in the 2003–04 NBA season.
Kevin Durant won the award in the 2007–08 NBA season.
Derrick Rose won the award in the 2008–09 NBA season.
Key
^
Denotes player who is still active in the NBA
*
Elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
Denotes unanimous winners
DP #
Draft pick number
DY
Draft year
T
Territorial pick
Rookie of the Year
Season
Player
Position
Nationality
Team
DP #
DY
1952–53
Meineke, DonDon Meineke
Forward/Center United States Fort Wayne Pistons 12 !12 1952
1953–54
Felix, RayRay Felix
Center United States Baltimore Bullets 01 !1 1953
1954–55
Pettit, BobBob Pettit*
Forward/Center United States Milwaukee Hawks 02 !2 1954
1955–56
Stokes, MauriceMaurice Stokes*
Forward/Center United States Rochester Royals 02 !2 1955
1956–57
Heinsohn, TomTom Heinsohn*
Forward United States Boston Celtics 99 !T 1956
1957–58
Sauldsberry, WoodyWoody Sauldsberry
Forward/Center United States Philadelphia Warriors 60 !60 1957
1958–59
Baylor, ElginElgin Baylor*
Forward United States Minneapolis Lakers 01 !1 1958
1959–60
Chamberlain, WiltWilt Chamberlain*[a]
Center United States Philadelphia Warriors 99 !T 1959
1960–61
Robertson, OscarOscar Robertson*
Guard United States Cincinnati Royals 01 !1/T 1960
1961–62
Bellamy, WaltWalt Bellamy*
Center United States Chicago Packers 01 !1 1961
1962–63
Dischinger, TerryTerry Dischinger
Forward/Guard United States Chicago Zephyrs 08 !8 1962
1963–64
Lucas, JerryJerry Lucas*[b]
Forward/Center United States Cincinnati Royals 99 !T 1962[b]
1964–65
Reed, WillisWillis Reed*
Center/Forward United States New York Knicks 08 !8 1964
1965–66
Barry, RickRick Barry*
Forward United States San Francisco Warriors 02 !2 1965
1966–67
Bing, DaveDave Bing*
Guard United States Detroit Pistons 02 !2 1966
1967–68
Monroe, EarlEarl Monroe*
Guard United States Baltimore Bullets 02 !2 1967
1968–69
Unseld, WesWes Unseld*[a]
Center/Forward United States Baltimore Bullets 02 !2 1968
1969–70
Alcindor, LewLew Alcindor*
Center United States Milwaukee Bucks 01 !1 1969
1970–71[c]
Cowens, DaveDave Cowens*
Center/Forward United States Boston Celtics 04 !4 1970
1970–71[c]
Petrie, GeoffGeoff Petrie
Guard United States Portland Trail Blazers 08 !8 1970
1971–72
Wicks, SidneySidney Wicks
Forward/Center United States Portland Trail Blazers 02 !2 1971
1972–73
McAdoo, BobBob McAdoo*
Center/Forward United States Buffalo Braves 02 !2 1972
1973–74
DiGregorio, ErnieErnie DiGregorio
Guard United States Buffalo Braves 03 !3 1973
1974–75
Wilkes, JamaalJamaal Wilkes*
Forward/Guard United States Golden State Warriors 11 !11 1974
1975–76
Adams, AlvanAlvan Adams
Center/Forward United States Phoenix Suns 04 !4 1975
1976–77
Dantley, AdrianAdrian Dantley*
Forward/Guard United States Buffalo Braves 06 !6 1976
1977–78
Davis, WalterWalter Davis
Guard/Forward United States Phoenix Suns 05 !5 1977
1978–79
Ford, PhilPhil Ford
Guard United States Kansas City Kings 02 !2 1978
1979–80
Bird, LarryLarry Bird*[d]
Forward United States Boston Celtics 06 !6 1978[d]
1980–81
Griffith, DarrellDarrell Griffith
Guard United States Utah Jazz 02 !2 1980
1981–82
Williams, BuckBuck Williams
Forward/Center United States New Jersey Nets 03 !3 1981
1982–83
Cummings, TerryTerry Cummings
Forward United States San Diego Clippers 02 !2 1982
1983–84
Sampson, RalphRalph Sampson*
Center/Forward United States Houston Rockets 01 !1 1983
1984–85
Jordan, MichaelMichael Jordan*
Guard United States Chicago Bulls 03 !3 1984
1985–86
Ewing, PatrickPatrick Ewing*
Center United States[e] New York Knicks 01 !1 1985
1986–87
Person, ChuckChuck Person
Forward United States Indiana Pacers 04 !4 1986
1987–88
Jackson, MarkMark Jackson
Guard United States New York Knicks 18 !18 1987
1988–89
Richmond, MitchMitch Richmond*
Guard United States Golden State Warriors 05 !5 1988
1989–90
Robinson, DavidDavid Robinson* [f]
Center United States San Antonio Spurs 01 !1 1987[f]
1990–91
Coleman, DerrickDerrick Coleman
Forward United States New Jersey Nets 01 !1 1990
1991–92
Johnson, LarryLarry Johnson
Forward United States Charlotte Hornets 01 !1 1991
1992–93
O'Neal, ShaquilleShaquille O'Neal*
Center United States Orlando Magic 01 !1 1992
1993–94
Webber, ChrisChris Webber
Forward/Center United States Golden State Warriors 01 !1 1993
1994–95[c]
Hill, GrantGrant Hill*
Forward/Guard United States Detroit Pistons 03 !3 1994
1994–95[c]
Kidd, JasonJason Kidd*
Guard United States Dallas Mavericks 02 !2 1994
1995–96
Stoudamire, DamonDamon Stoudamire
Guard United States Toronto Raptors 07 !7 1995
1996–97
Iverson, AllenAllen Iverson*
Guard United States Philadelphia 76ers 01 !1 1996
1997–98
Duncan, TimTim Duncan
Forward/Center United States[g] San Antonio Spurs 01 !1 1997
1998–99
Carter, VinceVince Carter^
Guard/Forward United States Toronto Raptors 05 !5 1998
1999–00[c]
Brand, EltonElton Brand
Forward United States Chicago Bulls 01 !1 1999
1999–00[c]
Francis, SteveSteve Francis
Guard United States Houston Rockets 02 !2 1999
2000–01
Miller, MikeMike Miller
Forward/Guard United States Orlando Magic 05 !5 2000
2001–02
Gasol, PauPau Gasol^
Forward/Center Spain Memphis Grizzlies 03 !3 2001
2002–03
Stoudemire, Amar'eAmar'e Stoudemire
Forward/Center United States Phoenix Suns 09 !9 2002
2003–04
James, LeBronLeBron James^
Forward United States Cleveland Cavaliers 01 !1 2003
2004–05
Okafor, EmekaEmeka Okafor^
Center/Forward United States Charlotte Bobcats 02 !2 2004
2005–06
Paul, ChrisChris Paul^
Guard United States New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets 04 !4 2005
2006–07
Roy, BrandonBrandon Roy
Guard United States Portland Trail Blazers 06 !6 2006
2007–08
Durant, KevinKevin Durant^
Forward United States Seattle SuperSonics 02 !2 2007
2008–09
Rose, DerrickDerrick Rose^
Guard United States Chicago Bulls 01 !1 2008
2009–10
Evans, TyrekeTyreke Evans^
Guard/Forward United States Sacramento Kings 04 !4 2009
2010–11
Griffin, BlakeBlake Griffin^ [h]
Forward United States Los Angeles Clippers 01 !1 2009[h]
2011–12
Irving, KyrieKyrie Irving^
Guard United States Cleveland Cavaliers 01 !1 2011
2012–13
Lillard, DamianDamian Lillard^
Guard United States Portland Trail Blazers 06 !6 2012
2013–14
Carter-Williams, MichaelMichael Carter-Williams^
Guard United States Philadelphia 76ers 11 !11 2013
2014–15
Wiggins, AndrewAndrew Wiggins^
Forward/Guard Canada Minnesota Timberwolves 01 !1 2014
2015–16
Towns, Karl-AnthonyKarl-Anthony Towns^
Center United States[i] Minnesota Timberwolves 01 !1 2015
2016–17
Brogdon, MalcolmMalcolm Brogdon^
Guard United States Milwaukee Bucks 36 !36 2016
Unofficial winners[edit]
Prior to the 1952–53 season, the Rookie of the Year was selected by newspaper writers;[17] however, the NBA does not officially recognize those players as winners. The league did publish the pre-1953 winners in their 1994–95 edition of the Official NBA Guide and the 1994 Official NBA Basketball Encyclopedia, but those winners have not been listed in subsequent publications.[17][18][19]
Season
Player
Position
Nationality
Team
DP #
DY
1947–48
Hoffman, PaulPaul Hoffman
Guard/Forward United States Baltimore Bullets 70 1947
1948–49
Shannon, HowieHowie Shannon
Guard/Forward United States Providence Steamrollers 01 !1 1949
1949–50
Groza, AlexAlex Groza
Center United States Indianapolis Olympians 02 !2 1949
1950–51
Arizin, PaulPaul Arizin*
Forward/Guard United States Philadelphia Warriors 99 !T 1950
1951–52[c]
Tosheff, BillBill Tosheff
Guard United States Indianapolis Olympians 32 !32 1951
1951–52[c]
Hutchins, MelMel Hutchins
Forward/Center United States Milwaukee Hawks 02 !2 1951
See also[edit]
National Basketball Association portal
NBA Development League Rookie of the Year Award
NBA Rookie of the Month Award
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Won the NBA Most Valuable Player Award in same year.
^ Jump up to: a b Though drafted in 1962 by the Cincinnati Royals, Jerry Lucas did not sign with the team until 1963 when he tried to sign with the Cleveland Pipers of the American Basketball League instead. He ended up sitting out the year when the deal fell through. His rookie season with the Royals began in the 1963–64 season.[6]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Denotes seasons in which joint winners were named
^ Jump up to: a b Though drafted in 1978 by the Boston Celtics, Larry Bird, opted to stay in college for his senior year, did not play in the NBA until 1979. His rookie season with the Celtics began in the 1979–80 season.[7]
Jump up ^ Patrick Ewing was born in Jamaica, but had become a naturalized United States citizen while playing college basketball at Georgetown.[8] He represented the United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics.[9]
^ Jump up to: a b Though drafted in 1987 by the San Antonio Spurs, David Robinson did not play in the NBA until 1989 due to commitments to the United States Navy.[10] His rookie season with the Spurs began in the 1989–90 season.[11]
Jump up ^ Because Tim Duncan is a United States citizen by birth, as are all natives of the U.S. Virgin Islands,[12] he was able to play for the U.S. internationally. He represented the United States at the 2004 Summer Olympics[13]
^ Jump up to: a b Though drafted in 2009 by the Los Angeles Clippers, Blake Griffin missed the entire 2009–10 season due to a knee injury. His rookie season with the Clippers was the 2010–11 season.[14]
Jump up ^ Karl-Anthony Towns was born and raised in the United States to an American father and a Dominican mother.[15] He has represented the Dominican Republic internationally since 2012.[16]
References[edit]
General
"Rookie of the Year Award". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved April 27, 2007.
"Rookie of the Year Award Winners". basketball-reference.com. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
Specific
Jump up ^ "Wolves' Towns named 2015-16 Kia Rookie of the Year". NBA.com. May 16, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Trail Blazers' Brandon Roy Named 2006-07 T-Mobile NBA Rookie of the Year". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. May 3, 2007. Retrieved July 10, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Brand, Francis named NBA co-rookies of the year". CBC Sports. November 10, 2000. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
Jump up ^ "It's unanimous: Karl-Anthony Towns gets every first-place vote for Rookie of the Year". StarTribune.com. Minneapolis Star Tribune. May 16, 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Bargnani becomes first European top NBA draft pick". People's Daily Online. June 29, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Jerry Lucas Bio". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Larry Bird Bio". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
Jump up ^ Ralph Wiley (January 7, 1985). "The Master Of The Key: After years of relying on others to unlock doors for him, Georgetown's center Patrick Ewing will soon go off on his own". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on September 8, 2008. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
Jump up ^ "All-Time USA Basketball Men's Roster: E". USA Basketball. Archived from the original on August 4, 2008. Retrieved July 13, 2008.
Jump up ^ Dave Anderson (May 18, 1987). "Sports of the Times; The Robinson Plot Thickens". The New York Times. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
Jump up ^ "David Robinson". basketball-reference.com. Retrieved June 20, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Virgin Islands". CIA World Factbook. Retrieved August 12, 2008.
Jump up ^ "All-Time USA Basketball Men's Roster: D". USA Basketball. Archived from the original on August 28, 2009. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Griffin's rookie season lost to injury". ESPN.com. January 13, 2010. Retrieved January 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Zgoda, Jerry (June 26, 2015). "Karl-Anthony Towns taken No.1 by Wolves; Tyus Jones acquired in trade with Cavaliers". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Calipari makes Dominican team roster cuts". WKYT. June 16, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Friedman, David (March 2, 2009). "Bill Tosheff: NBA Co-Rookie of the Year and Tireless Advocate for the "Pre-1965ers". 20 Second Timeout. Retrieved September 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ Goldstein, Allan (October 30, 1994). "NBA forgot it honored Hoffman". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved September 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ Sachare, Alex (1994). The Official NBA Basketball Encyclopedia. New York: Villard Books. p. 371. ISBN 978-0-679-43293-7.
[show]
v
t
e
NBA Rookie of the Year Award
1953: Meineke
1954: Felix
1955: Pettit
1956: Stokes
1957: Heinsohn
1958: Sauldsberry
1959: Baylor
1960: Chamberlain
1961: Robertson
1962: Bellamy
1963: Dischinger
1964: Lucas
1965: Reed
1966: Barry
1967: Bing
1968: Monroe
1969: Unseld
1970: Alcindor
1971: Cowens & Petrie
1972: Wicks
1973: McAdoo
1974: DiGregorio
1975: Wilkes
1976: Adams
1977: Dantley
1978: Davis
1979: Ford
1980: Bird
1981: Griffith
1982: Williams
1983: Cummings
1984: Sampson
1985: Jordan
1986: Ewing
1987: Person
1988: Jackson
1989: Richmond
1990: Robinson
1991: Coleman
1992: Johnson
1993: O'Neal
1994: Webber
1995: Hill & Kidd
1996: Stoudamire
1997: Iverson
1998: Duncan
1999: Carter
2000: Brand & Francis
2001: Miller
2002: Gasol
2003: Stoudemire
2004: James
2005: Okafor
2006: Paul
2007: Roy
2008: Durant
2009: Rose
2010: Evans
2011: Griffin
2012: Irving
2013: Lillard
2014: Carter-Williams
2015: Wiggins
2016: Towns
2017: Brogdon
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NBA_Rookie_of_the_Year_Award&oldid=842410228"
Categories:
National Basketball Association awards
National Basketball Association lists
Awards established in 1953
Rookie player awards
Hidden categories:
Articles with hCards
Featured lists
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Bosanski
Català
Deutsch
Español
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Galego
한국어
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Latviešu
Lietuvių
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Sicilianu
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
Українська
中文
20 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 22 May 2018, at 08:10.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: This is a featured list. Click here for more information.

attrs: class id

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: id href

values: List of National Basketball Association awards

value: th

attrs: class style

values: padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;font-size: 100%

value: li

values:
/wiki/Walter_A._Brown_Trophy
mw-redirect
Walter A. Brown Trophy

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values: NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award

values: Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Award

values: Twyman–Stokes Teammate of the Year Award

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width: 30em; text-align: left;

values:
/wiki/Edward_Gottlieb
mw-redirect
Edward Gottlieb

values:
/wiki/Philadelphia_Warriors
mw-redirect
Philadelphia Warriors

values: Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame

values: LeBron James preparing to shoot a free throw

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Forward_(basketball)
mw-redirect
Forward (basketball)

values:
/wiki/Fort_Wayne_Pistons
mw-redirect
Fort Wayne Pistons

values:
/wiki/Milwaukee_Hawks
mw-redirect
Milwaukee Hawks

values:
/wiki/Rochester_Royals
mw-redirect
Rochester Royals

values:
/wiki/Minneapolis_Lakers
mw-redirect
Minneapolis Lakers

values:
/wiki/Guard_(basketball)
mw-redirect
Guard (basketball)

values:
/wiki/Cincinnati_Royals
mw-redirect
Cincinnati Royals

values:
/wiki/Chicago_Packers
mw-redirect
Chicago Packers

values:
/wiki/Chicago_Zephyrs
mw-redirect
Chicago Zephyrs

values:
/wiki/San_Francisco_Warriors
mw-redirect
San Francisco Warriors

values:
/wiki/Kansas_City_Kings
mw-redirect
Kansas City Kings

values:
/wiki/New_Jersey_Nets
mw-redirect
New Jersey Nets

values:
/wiki/San_Diego_Clippers
mw-redirect
San Diego Clippers

values:
/wiki/Charlotte_Bobcats
mw-redirect
Charlotte Bobcats

values: wikitable plainrowheaders sortable jquery-tablesorter

values: Season (sortable), Player (sortable), Position (sortable), Nationality (sortable), Team (sortable), DP # (sortable) and DY (sortable)

values:
/wiki/1947_NBA_draft
mw-redirect
1947 NBA draft

values:
/wiki/1949_NBA_draft
mw-redirect
1949 NBA draft

values:
/wiki/NBA_Most_Valuable_Player
mw-redirect
NBA Most Valuable Player

values: United States men's national basketball team

values: Dominican Republic national basketball team

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: lower-alpha;

values:
/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook
mw-redirect
CIA World Factbook

values:
/wiki/Villard_Books
mw-redirect
Villard Books

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:National Basketball Association awards

values: Category:National Basketball Association lists

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/NBA_Rookie_of_the_Year_Award
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: الفائزون بجائزة أفضل لاعب صاعد في الرابطة الوطنية لكرة السلة – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values: Rookie Sariaren irabazleak (NBA) – Basque

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: جایزه سال بهترین تازه‌کار ان‌بی‌ای – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values: NBA Rookie of the Year Award – Indonesian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: רוקי השנה ב-NBA – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: NBA-ს წლის ახალბედის ჯილდო – Georgian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values: NBA sezonas labākais debitants – Latvian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values: NBAルーキー・オブ・ザ・イヤー賞 – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Prêmio da National Basketball Association de Revelação do Ano – Portuguese

values: Новичок года НБА – Russian

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values: НБА руки године – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: Новачок року НБА – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-NBA_Rookie_of_the_Year_Award rootpage-NBA_Rookie_of_the_Year_Award skin-vector action-view