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Demographics of the Philippines
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Demographics of Philippines
Population
100,981,437 (2015 census)
Growth rate
1.72% (2010-2015)[1]
Birth rate
19.0 births/1,000 population
(2010)[2]
Death rate
5.2 deaths/1,000 population (2010)[2]
Life expectancy
71.66 years
• male
68.72 years
• female
74.74 years (2011 est.)
Fertility rate
3.0 children born/woman (2013 est.)
Infant mortality rate
19.34 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate
-1.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years
0-14 years: 34.6%
(male 17,999,279/female 17,285,040)
65 and over
5%
(male 1,876,805/female 2,471,644) (2011 est.)
Sex ratio
Total
1 male(s)/female
At birth
1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15
1.04 male(s)/female
15–64 years
1 male(s)/female
65 and over
0.76 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality
Filipinos
Major ethnic
Visayan (Cebuano, Waray, Hiligaynon/Ilonggo, Karay-a, Aklanon, Masbatenyo, Romblomanon) 31.6%, Tagalog 28.1% (2000 census)
Minor ethnic
Ilocano 9%, Bikol 6%, Kapampangan 3%, Pangasinan 2%, Zamboangueño 1.5% & others 23.3% (2000 census)
Language
Official
Filipino (Tagalog) and English[3]
Spoken
auxiliary regional languages - Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Bicolano, Waray, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Zamboangueño Chavacano and Tausug
Demography of the Philippines records the human population, including its population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects. The Philippines annualised population growth rate between the years 2010-2015 was 1.72%.[4] According to the 2015 census, the population of the Philippines is 100,981,437.[5] The first census in the Philippines was held in the year 1591 which counted 667,612 persons.[6]
The majority of Filipinos are of the Malay race, while the Aetas (Negritos), as well as other highland groups form a minority. The indigenous population is related to the indigenous populations of the Malay Archipelago. Ethnic groups that have been in the Philippines for centuries before European and American colonial rule have assimilated. These include ethnic groups such as Arabs, Japanese, Han Chinese and Indians which form parts of the population.[7][8][9][10] There are also Europeans and Latin Americans who have migrated to the Philippines during the colonial period.
The most commonly spoken indigenous languages are Cebuano and Tagalog, each with more than 20 million native speakers. Another 11 indigenous languages have at least one million native speakers: Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray, northern, central and southern Bikol languages, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Kinaray-a, Zamboangueño and Tausug. One or more of these are spoken as a mother tongue by more than 93% of the population. Filipino and English are the official languages but there are between 120 and 170 distinct indigenous Philippine languages (depending on expert classifications).
Contents
1 Population history
1.1 1903 census
1.2 1920 census
1.3 1939
1.4 1941
1.5 Philippine census surveys
1.6 Population pyramid
1.6.1 Census January 1, 2010[28]
2 Vital statistics
2.1 UN estimates
2.2 Fertility and Births
2.3 Life Expectancy
2.3.1 Year by year
2.4 By region
2.5 Single mother phenomenon and illegitimate birth rate
3 Ethnic groups
4 Languages
5 Religion
6 Education
7 Publications
8 References
9 External links
Population history[edit]
Philippines population density Map per province as of 2009 per square kilometer:
0-50
51-100
101-200
201-300
301-400
401-800
801-1600
The first census in the Philippines was founded in 1591, based on tributes collected. The tributes count the total founding population of Spanish-Philippines as 667,612 people,[11] of which: 20,000 were Chinese migrant traders,[12] 16,500 were Latino soldier-colonists sent from Peru and Mexico,[13] 3,000 were Japanese residents,[14] and 600 were pure Spaniards from Europe,[15] there was also a large but unknown number of Indian Filipinos, the rest of the population were Malays and Negritos. Thus, with merely 667,612 people, during this era, the Philippines was among the most sparsely populated lands in Asia. In contrast, Japan during that era (the 1500s) already had a population of 8 Million or Mexico had a population of 4 million, which was huge compared to the Philippine's mere 600,000. In 1600, the method of population counting was revamped by the Spanish officials, who then based the counting of the population through church records. In 1798, the population of Luzon or Luconia was estimated to be around 600,000 with the other islands, unknown. 200,000 of the 600,0000 population were of mixed-raced descent of either Spanish, Chinese or Latin-American admixture. 5000 soldiers were of South American descent while 2500 were pure Spanish officers. There were also 20,000 Chinese migrants.[16] In 1799, Friar Manuel Buzeta estimated the population count of all Philippine islands as 1,502,574. However, the first official census was conducted only in 1878, when the population as of midnight on December 31, 1877 was counted. This was followed by two more censuses, namely, the 1887 census, and the 1898 census. The 1887 census yielded a count of 6,984,727,[17] while that of 1898 yielded 7,832,719 inhabitants.[18]
1903 census[edit]
In 1903 the population of the Philippines was recounted by American authorities to fulfill Act 467. The survey yielded 7,635,426 people, including 56,138 who were foreign-born.[19]
1920 census[edit]
According to the 1920 United States Census, there were 10,314,310 people in the Philippines.[20] 99 percent were Filipino; 51,751 were either Chinese or Japanese; 34,563 were of mixed race; 12,577 were Caucasian; and 7,523 were African.[20]
1939[edit]
The 1939 census was undertaken in conformity with Section 1 of Commonwealth Act 170.[21] The Philippine population figure was 16,000,303.[22]
1941[edit]
In 1941 the estimated population of the Philippines reached 17,000,000.[23] Manila's population was 684,000.[24]
By then, some 27% of the population could speak English as a second language, while the number of Spanish speakers as first language had further fallen to 3% from 10-14% at the beginning of the century. In 1936, Tagalog was selected to be the basis for a national language.[25][unreliable source] In 1987, the Tagalog language was imposed as the national language.[26]
Philippine census surveys[edit]
Main article: Philippines census
Census Population 1960-2015[27]
1960 1970 1975 1980 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010 2015
27,087,685 36,684,486 42,070,660 48,098,460 60,703,206 68,616,536 76,506,928 88,566,732 92,337,852 100,981,437
In 1960, the government of the Philippines conducted a survey on both population, and housing. The population was pegged at 27,087,685. Successive surveys were again conducted on 1970, 1975, 1980, and 1990, which gave the population as 36,684,948, 42,070,660, 48,098,460, and 60,703,206 respectively. On 1995, the POPCEN was launched, undertaken at the month of September, The data provided the bases for the Internal Revenue Allocation to local government units, and for the creation of new legislative areas. The count was made official by then President Fidel Ramos by Proclamation No, 849 on August 14, 1995, The population was 68,616,536.
Population pyramid[edit]
Census January 1, 2010[28][edit]
Population pyramid 2016
Age group
Male
Female
Total
%
Total 46 634 257 45 700 856 92 335 113 100
0-4 5 293 211 4 940 573 10 233 784 11.08
5-9 5 332 287 4 989 256 10 321 543 11.18
10-14 5 237 006 4 942 604 10 179 610 11.02
15-19 4 931 506 4 773 848 9 705 354 10.51
20-24 4 256 999 4 151 657 8 408 656 9.11
25-29 3 746 311 3 677 412 7 423 723 8.04
30-34 3 443 582 3 329 347 6 772 929 7.34
35-39 3 057 323 2 956 630 6 013 953 6.51
40-44 2 778 661 2 692 927 5 471 588 5.93
45-49 2 367 809 2 312 840 4 680 649 5.07
50-54 1 953 952 1 940 898 3 894 850 4.22
55-59 1 475 861 1 511 287 2 987 148 3.24
60-64 1 064 116 1 164 283 2 228 399 2.41
65-69 680 227 817 330 1 497 557 1.62
70-74 492 152 650 410 1 142 562 1.24
75-79 286 079 421 036 707 115 0.77
80-84 145 937 248 251 394 188 0.43
85-89 64 125 124 386 188 511 0.20
90-94 19 598 40 504 60 102 0.07
95-99 5 684 12 415 18 099 0.02
100+ 1 831 2 962 4 793 0.01
Age group
Male
Female
Total
Percent
0-14 15 862 504 14 872 433 30 734 937 33.29
15-64 29 076 120 28 511 129 57 587 249 62.37
65+ 1 695 633 2 317 294 4 012 927 4.35
Vital statistics[edit]
UN estimates[edit]
World Population Prospects, 2010[29]
Period
Live births per year
Deaths per year
Natural change per year
CBR1
CDR1
NC1
TFR1
IMR1
1950-1955 981 000 269 000 712 000 48.6 13.3 35.3 7.42 96.8
1955-1960 1 095 000 285 000 810 000 45.7 11.9 33.8 7.27 86.5
1960-1965 1 218 000 299 000 919 000 43.0 10.6 32.5 6.98 77.4
1965-1970 1 334 000 311 000 1 023 000 40.4 9.4 31.0 6.54 67.8
1970-1975 1 461 000 326 000 1 136 000 38.3 8.5 29.8 5.98 59.3
1975-1980 1 643 000 346 000 1 297 000 37.4 7.9 29.5 5.46 51.8
1980-1985 1 801 000 368 000 1 433 000 35.6 7.3 28.3 4.92 45.2
1985-1990 1 968 000 393 000 1 575 000 34.0 6.8 27.2 4.53 39.5
1990-1995 2 084 000 419 000 1 664 000 31.8 6.4 25.4 4.14 34.5
1995-2000 2 216 000 450 000 1 766 000 30.2 6.1 24.1 3.90 30.1
2000-2005 2 360 000 487 000 1 873 000 29.0 6.0 23.0 3.70 26.3
2005-2010 2 318 000 528 000 1 790 000 25.9 5.9 20.0 3.27 23.0
1CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births
Population density (2010)
Fertility and Births[edit]
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[30]
Year
CBR (Total)
TFR (Total)
CBR (Urban)
TFR (Urban)
CBR (Rural)
TFR (Rural)
1993 29.7 4.09 (2.9) 28.5 3.53 (2.6) 30.9 4.82 (3.3)
1998 28.0 3.73 (2.7) 25.8 3.01 (2.3) 30.1 4.67 (3.3)
2003 25.6 3.5 (2.5) 24.7 3.0 (2.2) 26.7 4.3 (3.0)
2008 23.4 3.3 (2.4) 21.6 2.8 (2.1) 24.6 3.8 (2.7)
2013 22.1 3.0 (2.2) 21.5 2.6 (1.9) 22.6 3.5 (2.5)
2017 18.6 2.7 (2.0) 18.4 2.4 (1.8) 18.7 2.9 (2.2)
Life Expectancy[edit]
Period
Life expectancy in
Years
Period
Life expectancy in
Years
1950–1955 55.4 1985–1990 64.7
1955–1960 57.1 1990–1995 65.7
1960–1965 58.6 1995–2000 66.8
1965–1970 60.1 2000–2005 67.5
1970–1975 61.4 2005–2010 68.0
1975–1980 61.7 2010–2015 68.6
1980–1985 62.9
Source: UN World Population Prospects[31]
Year by year[edit]
Source: Philippines Stat, Philippines Total Fertility Rate 1960-2010[not in citation given] and SUMMARY OF PRINCIPAL VITAL STATISTICS IN THE PHILIPPINES: 1903-2010
Average population (x 1000)
Live births
Deaths
Natural change
Crude birth rate (per 1000)
Crude death rate (per 1000)
Natural change (per 1000)
Total fertility rate
Infant mortality rate (per 1000 births)
1903 7 635 284 000 329 671 -44 871 37.3 43.2 -5.9
1904 7 659 216 176 146 894 69 282 28.2 19.2 9.0
1905 7 699 244 586 166 555 78 031 31.8 21.6 10.2
1906 7 761 215 296 143 284 72 012 27.7 18.5 9.2
1907 7 844 258 010 138 464 119 546 32.9 17.7 15.2
1908 7 964 278 369 190 495 87 874 35.0 23.9 11.1
1909 8 095 234 726 179 355 55 371 29.0 22.2 6.8
1910 8 220 290 210 191 576 98 634 35.3 23.3 12.0
1911 8 387 302 855 188 412 114 443 36.1 22.5 13.6
1912 8 576 290 995 185 185 105 810 33.9 21.6 12.3
1913 8 786 316 056 154 086 161 970 36.0 17.5 18.5
1914 9 017 347 337 163 943 183 394 38.5 18.2 20.3
1915 9 269 327 206 176 313 150 893 35.3 19.0 16.3
1916 9 542 340 269 195 970 144 659 35.7 20.5 15.2
1917 9 836 353 283 212 334 140 949 35.9 21.6 14.3
1918 10 314 345 751 367 106 -21 355 33.5 35.6 -2.1
1919 10 324 306 832 326 716 -19 884 29.7 31.6 -1.9
1920 10 445 351 195 200 690 150 505 33.6 19.2 14.4
1921 10 673 364 432 205 654 158 778 34.1 19.3 14.8
1922 10 908 373 506 203 237 170 269 34.2 18.6 15.6
1923 11 152 385 418 202 981 182 437 34.6 18.2 16.4
1924
1925
1926 11 935 400 439 229 928 170 511 33.6 19.3 14.3 156.7
1927 12 212 414 357 229 328 185 029 33.9 18.8 15.1 152.5
1928 12 498 422 716 218 096 204 620 33.8 17.5 16.3 150.1
1929 12 792 428 996 237 733 191 263 33.5 18.6 14.9 161.6
1930 13 094 429 245 252 988 176 257 32.8 19.3 13.5 165.0
1931 13 405 440 159 240 825 199 334 32.8 18.0 14.8 155.1
1932 13 724 446 940 211 809 235 131 32.6 15.4 17.1 137.6
1933 14 051 459 682 227 594 232 088 32.7 16.2 16.5 145.8
1934 14 387 447 738 239 703 208 035 31.1 16.7 14.4 160.8
1935 14 731 461 410 257 181 204 229 31.3 17.5 13.8 153.4
1936 15 084 485 126 239 107 246 019 32.2 15.9 16.3 134.0
1937 15 445 513 760 254 740 259 020 33.3 16.5 16.8 137.3
1938 15 814 512 389 261 848 250 541 32.4 16.6 15.8 139.0
1939 16 000 522 432 273 141 249 291 32.7 16.9 15.8 146.2
1940 16 460 535 117 273 480 261 637 32.5 16.6 15.9 135.8
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946 18 434 533 283 278 546 254 737 28.9 15.1 13.8 125.5
1947 18 786 272 226 238 527 33 699 14.5 12.7 1.8 234.4
1948 19 234 602 415 243 467 358 948 31.3 12.7 18.6 114.4
1949 19 509 609 138 231 151 377 987 31.2 11.8 19.4 108.5
1950 19 881 642 472 226 505 415 967 32.3 11.4 20.9 101.6
1951 20 260 637 264 237 937 399 327 31.5 11.7 19.8 105.5
1952 20 646 650 725 241 020 409 705 31.5 11.7 19.8 101.2
1953 21 039 468 489 239 988 228 501 22.3 11.4 10.9 148.8
1954 22 869 702 662 217 650 485 012 30.7 9.5 21.2 94.2
1955 23 568 734 761 212 798 521 963 31.2 9.0 22.2 84.3
1956 24 288 542 249 205 581 336 668 22.3 8.5 13.8 110.9
1957 25 030 514 202 199 919 314 283 20.5 8.0 12.5 112.9
1958 25 795 484 592 185 437 299 155 18.6 7.2 11.4 109.2
1959 26 584 616 893 176 448 440 445 23.2 6.6 16.6 93.4
1960 27 088 649 651 196 544 453 107 24.0 7.3 16.7 7,15 84.6
1961 28 214 647 846 207 436 440 410 23.0 7.3 15.7 7,09 88.4
1962 29 064 775 146 169 880 605 266 26.7 5.9 20.8 7,02 58.6
1963 29 937 786 698 214 412 572 286 26.3 7.2 19.1 6,95 72.8
1964 30 841 802 648 222 097 580 551 26.0 7.2 18.8 6,87 70.5
1965 31 770 795 415 234 935 560 480 25.0 7.4 17.6 6,78 72.9
1966 32 727 823 342 236 396 586 946 25.2 7.2 18.0 6,69 72.0
1967 33 713 840 302 240 122 600 180 24.9 7.1 17.8 6,59 72.2
1968 34 728 898 570 261 893 636 677 25.9 7.5 18.4 6,48 71.0
1969 35 774 946 753 241 678 705 075 26.5 6.8 19.7 6,38 67.3
1970 36 684 966 762 234 038 732 724 26.4 6.4 20.0 6,26 60.0
1971 37 902 963 749 250 139 713 610 25.4 6.6 18.8 6,15 62.0
1972 38 991 968 385 285 761 682 624 24.8 7.3 17.5 6,04 67.9
1973 40 123 1 049 290 283 475 765 815 26.2 7.1 19.1 5,93 64.7
1974 41 279 1 081 073 283 975 797 098 26.2 6.9 19.3 5,82 58.7
1975 42 071 1 223 837 271 136 952 701 29.1 6.4 22.7 5,72 53.3
1976 43 338 1 314 860 299 861 1 014 999 30.3 6.9 23.4 5,61 56.9
1977 44 417 1 344 836 308 904 1 035 932 30.3 7.0 23.3 5,51 56.8
1978 45 498 1 387 588 297 034 1 090 554 30.5 6.5 24.0 5,40 53.1
1979 46 592 1 429 814 306 427 1 123 387 30.7 6.6 24.1 5,29 50.2
1980 48 098 1 456 860 298 006 1 158 854 30.3 6.2 24.1 5,18 45.1
1981 49 536 1 461 204 301 117 1 160 087 29.5 6.1 23.4 5,08 44.1
1982 50 783 1 474 491 308 758 1 165 733 29.0 6.1 22.9 4,98 41.8
1983 52 055 1 506 356 327 260 1 179 096 28.9 6.3 22.6 4,88 42.7
1984 53 351 1 478 205 313 359 1 164 846 27.7 5.9 21.8 4,80 38.5
1985 54 668 1 437 154 334 663 1 102 491 26.3 6.1 20.2 4,71 38.0
1986 56 004 1 493 995 326 749 1 167 246 26.7 5.8 20.9 4,63 35.0
1987 57 356 1 582 469 335 254 1 247 215 27.6 5.8 21.8 4,55 32.1
1988 58 721 1 565 372 325 098 1 240 274 26.7 5.5 21.2 4,48 30.1
1989 60 097 1 565 254 325 621 1 239 633 26.0 5.4 20.6 4,40 27.5
1990 60 703 1 631 069 313 890 1 317 179 26.9 5.4 21.5 4,32 24.3
1991 63 729 1 643 296 298 063 1 345 233 25.8 4.7 21.1 4,25 20.9
1992 65 339 1 684 395 319 579 1 364 816 25.8 4.9 20.9 4,18 21.9
1993 66 982 1 680 896 318 546 1 362 350 25.1 4.8 20.3 4,11 20.6
1994 68 624 1 645 011 321 440 1 323 571 24.0 4.7 19.3 4,06 18.9
1995 68 617 1 645 043 324 737 1 320 306 24.0 4.7 19.3 4,01 18.6
1996 69 951 1 608 468 344 363 1 264 105 23.0 4.9 18.1 3,96 19.0
1997 71 549 1 653 236 339 400 1 313 836 23.1 4.7 18.4 3,92 17.0
1998 73 147 1 632 859 352 992 1 279 867 22.3 4.8 17.5 3,89 17.3
1999 74 746 1 613 335 347 989 1 265 346 21.6 4.7 16.9 3,85 15.6
2000 76 348 1 766 440 366 931 1 399 509 23.1 4.8 18.3 3,81 15.7
2001 77 926 1 714 093 381 834 1 332 259 22.0 4.9 17.1 3,77 15.2
2002 79 503 1 666 773 396 297 1 270 476 21.0 5.0 16.0 3,71 14.2
2003 81 081 1 669 442 396 331 1 273 111 20.6 4.9 15.7 3,64 13.7
2004 82 663 1 710 994 403 191 1 307 803 20.7 4.9 15.8 3,57 13.2
2005 84 241 1 688 918 426 054 1 262 864 20.0 5.1 14.9 3,48 12.8
2006 86 973 1 663 029 441 036 1 221 993 19.1 5.1 14.0 3,40 13.1
2007 88 706 1 749 878 441 956 1 307 922 19.7 5.0 14.7 3,33 12.4
2008 90 457 1 784 316 461 581 1 322 735 19.7 5.1 14.6 3,26 12.5
2009 92 227 1 745 585 480 820 1 264 765 18.9 5.2 13.7 3,20 12.4
2010 94 013 1 782 981 488 265 1 294 716 19.0 5.2 13.8 3,15 12.6
2011 95 053 1 746 864 498 486 1 248 378 18.4 5.3 13.2
2012 96 328 1 790 367 514 745 1 275 622 18.6 5.3 13.2
2013 97 571 1 761 602 531 280 1 230 322 17.9 5.4 12.5
2014 99 138 1 748 857 536 999 1 211 858 17.6 5.4 12.2
2015 100 699 1 744 767 560 605 1 184 162 17.3 5.5 11.8
2016 1 731 289 582 183 1 149 106 16.8 5.6 11.2
2017 1 630 615 579 262 1 051 353
By region[edit]
Total fertility rate (TFR) and other related statistics by region, as of 2013:[32]
Region
Total fertility rate
Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant
Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49
National Capital Region 2.3 3.0 3.0
Cordillera Administrative Region 2.9 4.8 4.0
Ilocos Region 2.8 4.5 3.2
Cagayan Valley 3.2 6.1 3.7
Central Luzon 2.8 4.1 3.3
CALABARZON 2.7 3.1 3.4
MIMAROPA 3.7 5.8 4.5
Bicol 4.1 4.0 4.6
Western Visayas 3.8 4.2 4.2
Central Visayas 3.2 3.9 3.6
Eastern Visayas 3.5 5.9 4.0
Zamboanga Peninsula 3.5 6.4 4.5
Northern Mindanao 3.5 5.7 4.3
Davao 2.9 5.0 3.9
SOCCSKSARGEN 3.2 3.8 4.2
Caraga 3.6 6.6 4.4
ARMM 4.2 4.7 5.5
Single mother phenomenon and illegitimate birth rate[edit]
More than half of the children born every year in the Philippines are illegitimate, and the percentage of illegitimate children is rising by 2% per year.[33][34][35][36] First time single mothers normally consist of girls in the 17 to 19 years old age bracket.[37] Some females become prostitutes in the Philippines after they become unwed single mothers[38] from teenage pregnancy. The reasons for the high illegitimate birthrate and single motherhood include the unpopularity of artificial contraception in the Philippines[39][not in citation given] inadequate sex education, delays in implementing birth control legislation and a machismo attitude among many Filipino males. There are three million household heads without a spouse, two million of whom were female (2015 PSA estimates).
The following table, based on the annual official data sourced from Philippine Statistics Authority, shows the growing annual trend of illegitimate child births by percentages:
Reporting
Year
Nationwide % of illegitimate children born every year
Nationwide % increase in illegitimate children compared to previous year
% of illegitimate children born in NCR every year
% of illegitimate children born in ARMM every year
PSA sources
2017
2016
2015 52.1 1.8 63.0 06.2 [40]
2014 50.3 2.1 62.0 06.6 [41]
2013 48.2 2.5 60.9 06.6 [42]
2012 45.7 1.1 58.5 05.4 [43]
2011 44.6 7.1 56.9 07.6 [44]
2008 37.5 NA NA NA [45]
Ethnic groups[edit]
Ethnographic Map of the Philippines 1890
Main article: Ethnic groups in the Philippines
Further information: Filipinos
The majority of the people in the Philippines are of Malay descent. The largest of these groups are the Visayans, Tagalogs, Ilocanos, Bicolanos, Moros, Kapampangans, Pangasinenses and the Zamboangueños. The indigenous peoples of the Philippines form a minority of the population. Other large ethnic groups include Filipinos of Spanish, Latino, Indian, Chinese, American, Japanese and Arab descent. There are more than 175 ethno-linguistic groups in the Philippines, each with its own mother tongue or sariling wika (meaning "[one's] own language" in Tagalog), its own culture, identity, literature, tradition, music, dances, foods, beliefs, and history, which are all part of Filipino culture. The latest censuses did not take account of ethnicity, and the only census that included questions on ethnicity is of the 2000 census.
Languages[edit]
Main articles: Languages of the Philippines and Philippine languages
According to the Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino, there are 135 ethnic languages in the Philippine archipelago spoken by the respective Filipino ethno-linguistic group, except for the national Filipino language which is spoken by all 134 ethno-linguistic groups in the country. Most of the languages have several varieties (dialects), totaling over 300 across the archipelago. In the 1930s in an act of cultural hegemony, the government imposed the use of the Tagalog language as the national language, and called the new Tagalog-based language as the national Filipino language, becoming the 135th ethnic language of the country.[26][46] Visayan languages (also called Bisaya or Binisaya) are widely spoken throughout the Visayas and in most parts of Mindanao. Ilokano is the lingua franca of Northern Luzon excluding Pangasinan. Zamboangueño Chavacano is the official language of Zamboanga City and lingua franca of Basilan.
Filipino and English are the official languages of the country for purposes of communication and instruction.[3] Consequently, English is widely spoken and understood, although fluency has decreased as the prevalence of Tagalog in primary and secondary educational institutions has increased.
Religion[edit]
Main article: Religion in the Philippines
The Philippine Statistics Authority in October 2015 reported that 80.58% of the total Filipino population were Roman Catholics, 10.8% were Protestant and 5.57% were Islamic.[47] Although the 2012 International Religious Freedom (IRF) reports that an estimate by the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF) in 2011 stated that there were then 10.3 million Muslims, or about 10 percent of the total population however this is yet to be proven officially.[48] In 2000, according to the "World Values Survey", 1.8% were Protestant Christians and 10.9% were then irreligious.[49][dubious – discuss] Other Christian denominations include the Iglesia ni Cristo (one of a number of separate Churches of Christ generally not affiliated with one another), Philippine Independent Church (more commonly called the Aglipayan Church), Members Church of God International, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Minority religions include Buddhism, Hinduism, and Judaism. Roman Catholics and Protestants were converted during the four centuries of Western influence by Spain, and the United States. Under Spanish rule, much of the population was converted to Christianity.
Orthodox Christians also live in Philippines. Protestant Christianity arrived in the Philippines during the 20th century, introduced by American missionaries.
Other religions include Judaism, Mahayana Buddhism, often mixed with Taoist beliefs, Hinduism, and Sikhism. Animism and Paganism are also followed.
Population by religious affiliation (2015)
Affiliation
Number
Roman Catholic, including Catholic Charismatic
80.58 80.58
74,211,896
Islam
5.57 5.57
5,127,084
Evangelicals (PCEC)
2.68 2.68
2,469,957
Iglesia Ni Cristo
2.45 2.45
2,251,941
Non-Roman Catholic and Protestant (NCCP)
1.16 1.16
1,071,686
Aglipayan
1.00 1
916,639
Seventh-day Adventist
0.74 0.74
681,216
Bible Baptist Church
0.52 0.52
480,409
United Church of Christ in the Philippines
0.49 0.49
449,028
Jehovah's Witnesses
0.45 0.45
410,957
Other Protestants
0.31 0.31
287,734
Church of Christ
0.28 0.28
258,176
Jesus Is Lord Church Worldwide
5.43 5.43
5,000,000 (Worldwide)
Tribal Religions
0.19 0.19
177,147
United Pentecostal Church (Philippines) Inc.
0.18 0.18
169,956
Other Baptists
0.17 0.17
154,686
Philippine Independent Catholic Church
0.15 0.15
138,364
Unión Espiritista Cristiana de Filipinas, Inc.
0.15 0.15
137,885
Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints
0.15 0.15
133,814
Association of Fundamental Baptist Churches in the Philippines
0.12 0.12
106,509
Evangelical Christian Outreach Foundation
0.10 0.1
96,102
None
0.08 0.08
73,248
Convention of the Philippine Baptist Church
0.07 0.07
65,008
Crusaders of the Divine Church of Christ Inc.
0.06 0.06
53,146
Buddhist
0.05 0.05
46,558
Lutheran Church of the Philippines
0.05 0.05
46,558
Iglesia sa Dios Espiritu Santo Inc.
0.05 0.05
45,000
Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association
0.05 0.05
42,796
Faith Tabernacle Church (Living Rock Ministries)
0.04 0.04
36,230
Others
0.33 0.33
299,399
TOTAL
92,097,978
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[47]
Education[edit]
Main articles: Education in the Philippines and Higher education in the Philippines
Education in the Philippines is based on both Western and Eastern ideology and philosophy influenced by China, the United States, Spain, and its neighboring Asian countries. Philippine students enter public school at about age four, starting from nursery school up to kindergarten. At about seven years of age, students enter elementary school (6 to 7 years). This is followed by junior high school (4 years) and senior high school (2 years). Students then take the college entrance examinations (CEE), after which they enter university (3 to 5 years). Other types of schools include private school, preparatory school, international school, laboratory high school, and science high school. School year in the Philippines starts from June, and ends in March with a two-month summer break from April to May, one week of semestral break in October, and a week or two during Christmas and New Year holidays.
Starting in SY 2011–2012 there has been a phased implementation of a new program. The K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years of primary education, four years of junior high school, and two years of senior high school [SHS]).[50]
Publications[edit]
Cristian Capelli; et al. (2001). "A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular Southeast Asia and Oceania" (PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics. 68 (2): 432&ndash, 443. doi:10.1086/318205. PMC 1235276. PMID 11170891. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 14, 2010.
Frederic H. Sawyer (1900). The Inhabitants of the Philippines. Library of Alexandria. ISBN 978-1-4655-1185-0.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Highlights of the Philippine Population 2015 Census of Population - Philippine Statistics Authority". psa.gov.ph. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original on November 14, 2015. Retrieved January 6, 2016. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
^ Jump up to: a b "Constitution of the Philippines: Article XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture, and Sports". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. Retrieved November 26, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Population Statistics". www.popcom.gov.ph. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The 2010 Census of Population and Housing Reveals the Philippine Population at 92.34 Million". Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on October 11, 2016. Retrieved October 6, 2016. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ Philippines History, Culture, Civilization and Technology, Filipino. Asiapacificuniverse.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-24.
Jump up ^ Tamil Cultural Association - Tamil Language Archived April 13, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Vince Figueroa (June 15, 2012). "Philippine History: Impluwensya ng mga Hindu sa mga Pilipino". Retrieved December 21, 2017 – via YouTube.
Jump up ^ The Cultural Influences of India, China, Arabia, and Japan | Philippine Almanac Archived July 1, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ The Unlucky Country: The Republic of the Philippines in the 21St Century By Duncan Alexander McKenzie (Page xii)
Jump up ^ Carol R. Ember; Melvin Ember; Ian A. Skoggard, eds. (2005). History. Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures around the World, Volume 1. Springer.
Jump up ^ Stephanie Mawson, ‘Between Loyalty and Disobedience: The Limits of Spanish Domination in the Seventeenth Century Pacific’ (Univ. of Sydney M.Phil. thesis, 2014), appendix 3.
Jump up ^ "Japanese Christian". Philippines: Google map of Paco district of Manila, Philippines. Archived from the original on 2010-05-07.
Jump up ^ Spanish Settlers in the Philippines (1571-1599) By Antonio Garcia-Abasalo
Jump up ^ Jagor, Fedor; et al. (2007). "Part VI People and Prospects of the Philippines". The Former Philippines Through Foreign Eyes. Echo Library. ISBN 978-1-4068-1542-9.
Jump up ^ Jan Lahmeyer (1996). "The Philippines: historical demographic data of the whole country". Retrieved July 19, 2003.
Jump up ^ Voz de Galicia (1898). "CENSOS DE CUBA, PUERTO RICO, FILIPINAS Y ESPAÑA .ESTUDIO DE SU RELACION". Retrieved December 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ United States. Bureau of the Census; Joseph Prentiss Sanger; Henry Gannett; Victor Hugo Olmsted (1905). Census of the Philippine Islands: Taken Under the Direction of the Philippine Commission in the Year 1903, in Four Volumes ... U.S. Government Printing Office. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b United States. Bureau of the Census (1923). Fourteenth Census of the United States Taken in the Year 1920 ... U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 11.
Jump up ^ Millegan, Lloyd S. (November 1942). "Census of the Philippines: 1939". The Journal of Asian Studies. The Association for Asian Studies, Inc. 2 (1): 77–79. doi:10.2307/2049281. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Statistical Abstract of the United States" (PDF). census.gov. United States Department of Commerce. 1941. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bailey, Rayne (2009). Immigration and Migration. Infobase Publishing. p. 107. ISBN 9781438109015. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stinner, William F.; Bacol-Montilla, Melinda (October 1981). "Population Deconcentration in Metropolitan Manila in the Twentieth Century". The Journal of Developing Areas. 16: 3–16. JSTOR 4190969.
Jump up ^ Paraluman Aspillera (1993). "Pilipino: The National Language, a historical sketch". from Basic Tagalog for Foreigners and non-Tagalogs, Charles E. Tuttle Publishing Co., Inc., Tokyo. Archived from the original on October 20, 2009. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b Andrew; Gonzalez (1998). "The Language Planning Situation in the Philippines" (PDF). Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. 19 (5): 487&ndash, 488. doi:10.1080/01434639808666365. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 16, 2007. Retrieved March 24, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Population of the Philippines : Census Years 1799 to 2010". Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on July 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Demographic Yearbook". UN Data. United Nations. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision Archived May 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine., United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
Jump up ^ "MEASURE DHS: Demographic and Health Surveys". microdata.worldbank.org. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 2017-07-15.
Jump up ^ "Philippines DHS, 2013 - Final Report (English)" (PDF). Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Last Country in the World Where Divorce Is Illegal". Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The fight to make divorce legal in the Philippines.", CNN, 6 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Stephanie Hepburn and Rita J. Simon, 2007, "Women's Roles and Statuses the World Over", pp51.
Jump up ^ "Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines (CBCP): There is no need for divorce in PH", Inquirer News, 27 March 2015.
Jump up ^ ""Sex: From Intimacy to "Sexual Labor" or is it a Human Right to Prostitute?"". Coalition Against Trafficking in Women--Asia Pacific. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Raymond, Janice G. "Sex Trafficking is Not "Sex Work" (Spring 2005). Conscience XXVI:1. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Paul II, Pope John (2006). Man and Woman He Created Them: A Theology of the Body. Boston: Pauline Books and Media.
Jump up ^ "2015 PSA data on live births by legitimacy by regions" (PDF). Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2014 PSA data on live births by legitimacy by regions" (PDF). Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2013 PSA data on live births by legitimacy by regions" (PDF). Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2012 PSA data on live births by legitimacy by regions" (PDF). Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2011 PSA data on live births by legitimacy by regions" (PDF). Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Live Births by Age Group of Mother, by Sex, and Legitimacy - Philippine Statistics Authority". psa.gov.ph. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Thompson, Roger M. (2003). "3. Nationalism and the rise of Tagalog Supremacy 1936-1973". Tagalog English and Taglish. John Benjamins Publishing Company. pp. 27–29. ISBN 978-90-272-4891-6. , ISBN 90-272-4891-5, ISBN 978-90-272-4891-6.
^ Jump up to: a b "Table 1.10; Household Population by Religious Affiliation and by Sex; 2010" (PDF). 2015 Philippine Statistical Yearbook. East Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority: 1–30. October 2015. ISSN 0118-1564. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ International Religious Freedom Report 2012 : Philippines, U.S. Department of State.
Jump up ^ Dentsu Communication Institute Inc., Research Centre for Japan (2006)(in Japanese)
Jump up ^ "The K to 12 Program". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
External links[edit]
This article incorporates public domain material from the CIA World Factbook document "2011 edition".
"Index of Demographic Statistics (principally 2000 Philippine census)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on June 4, 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2005.
"The Philippines - Demographic Statistics". The Ultrecht faculty of Education. Archived from the original on March 23, 2007. Retrieved April 3, 2007.
"University of the Philippines population institute". Archived from the original on April 15, 2014. Retrieved February 15, 2013.
"Greeks in the Philippines and their contributions to the country". hri.org. July 1998.
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