text:
The Pardoner's Tale
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the 2002 television episode, see The Pardoner's Tale (Law & Order: Criminal Intent episode).
The Pardoner, as depicted by William Blake in The Canterbury Pilgrims (1810)
The Pardoner's Tale is one of The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. In the order of the Tales, it comes after The Physician's Tale and before The Shipman's Tale; it is prompted by the Host's desire to hear something positive after that depressing tale. The Pardoner initiates his Prologue—briefly accounting his methods of conning people—and then proceeds to tell a moral tale.
The tale itself is an extended exemplum. Setting out to kill Death, three young men encounter an Old Man who says they will find him under a nearby tree. When they arrive they discover a hoard of treasure and decide to stay with it until nightfall and carry it away under cover of darkness. Out of greed, they murder each other. The tale and prologue are primarily concerned with what the Pardoner says is his "theme": Radix malorum est cupiditas ("Greed is the root of [all] evils").
Contents
[hide]
1 Frame
2 Synopsis
2.1 Prologue
2.2 Tale
3 Sources and composition
4 Analysis
5 Character of the teller
6 General themes
7 Adaptations
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Frame[edit]
In the order of The Canterbury Tales, the Pardoner's Prologue and Tale are preceded by The Physician's Tale. The Physician's Tale is a harrowing tale about a judge who plots with a "churl [low fellow]" to abduct a beautiful young woman; rather than allow her to be raped, her father beheads her. The invitation for the Pardoner to tell a tale comes after the Host declares his dissatisfaction with the depressing tale, and declares:
… but [unless] I have triacle [medicine],
Or elles a draughte of morste [fresh] and corny [strong] ale,
Or but I heere anon a myrie tale,
Myn herte is lost for pitee of this mayde. (lines 314–17)[1]
The Host then asks the Pardoner to "telle us som mrythe or japes [joke, jest] right anon".[2] However, the pilgrims—aware of pardoners' notoriety for telling lewd tales and in anticipation of hearing something objectionable[3]—voice their desire for no ribaldry, but instead want a moral tale.
Synopsis[edit]
Prologue[edit]
The prologue takes the form of a literary confession in the same manner as The Wife of Bath's Prologue.[4] However, rather than an apology for his vices, the Pardoner boasts of his duping of his victims, for whom he has nothing but contempt.[4] He says that his "theme"—biblical text for a sermon—is Radix malorum est cupiditas ("Greed is the root of [all] evils" 1 Timothy 6.10).[1] He explains that his false credentials consist of official letters from high-ranking church officials and a superficial use of a few Latin words;[5] then he will produce some "relics", and claim that among them is a bone which has miraculous powers when dipped into a well and a mitten for which:
He that his hand wol putte in this mitayn,
He shal have multipliyng of his greyn, (lines 373–374)
But he will warn that any person that "hath doon synne horrible" will not be able to benefit from these relics.[6] The Pardoner says to the pilgrims that by these tricks he has acquired a considerable sum of money. He goes on to relate how he stands like a clergy at the pulpit, and preaches against avarice but to gain the congregation's money; he doesn't care for the correction of sin or for their souls.[7] Against anyone that offends either him or other pardoners, he will "stynge hym with my tonge smerte". Although he is guilty of avarice himself, he reiterates that his theme is always Radix malorum … and that he can nonetheless preach so that others turn away from the vice and repent—though his "principal entente" is for personal gain. The Pardoner explains that he then offers many anecdotes to the "lewed [ignorant, unlearned] people".[8] He scorns the thought of living in poverty while he preaches; he desires "moneie, wolle [wool], chese, and whete"[9] and doesn't care whether it were from the poorest widow in the village, even should her children starve for famine. Yet, he concludes to the pilgrims, though he may be a "ful vicious man", he can tell a moral tale and proceeds.
Tale[edit]
The tale is set in Flanders at an indeterminate time, and opens with three young men drinking, gambling and blaspheming in a tavern. The Pardoner condemns each of these "tavern sins" in turn—gluttony, drinking, gambling, and swearing—with support from the Christian scriptures, before proceeding with the tale. The rioters hear a bell signalling a burial; their friend has been killed by a "privee theef" known as Death, who has also killed a thousand others. The men set out to avenge them and kill Death. An old man they brusquely query tells them that he has asked Death to take him but has failed. He then says they can find death at the foot of an oak tree. When the men arrive at the tree, they find a large amount of gold coins and forget about their quest to kill Death. They decide to sleep at the oak tree over night, so they can take the coins in the morning. The three men draw straws to see who among them should fetch wine and food while the other two wait under the tree. The youngest of the three men draws the shortest straw and departs; while he is away, the remaining two plot to overpower and stab him upon his return. However, the one who leaves for town plots to kill the other two: he purchases rat poison and laces the wine. When he returns with the food and drink, the other two kill him and then consume the poisoned wine, dying slow and painful deaths.
Sources and composition[edit]
The prologue—taking the form of a literary confession—was most probably modelled on that of "Faus Semblaunt" in the medieval French poem Roman de la Rose.[10] The tale of the three rioters is a version of a folk tale with a "remarkably wide range"[11] and has numerous analogues: ancient Buddhist, Persian,[12] and African.[13][11]
Analysis[edit]
The relationship between tellers and tale is distinctly significant in "The Pardoner's Tale." The Pardoner is an enigmatic character, portrayed as grotesque in the General Prologue. He is seemingly aware of his sin—it is not clear why he tells the pilgrims about his sin in the prologue before his tale commences. His preaching is correct and the results of his methods, despite their corruption, are good. Chaucer's describes him as a "draughte of corny strong ale," which arguably suggests that the character candidly speaks thanks in part to intoxication. The Pardoner's confession is similar in that there is a revelation of details buried within the prologue by "The Wife of Bath Tale." The Wife of Bath gives away details about herself in the prologue to her particular tale.
Chaucer describes The Pardoner as an excellent speaker in his portrait of the character in the General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales, which inherently reflects the quality of the narrative attributed to him.
The old man who appears before the rioters has been the subject of considerable debate. Many persons and scholars reference him as "death in person," "the Wandering Jew," "Old Age itself," and "Death's messenger. "[14] W. J. B. Owen refutes these views as he points out that "He is seeking Death; and that Death or his agent should find death is contrary to all the logic of allegory." Owen argues that a character is merely an old man and not a symbol of mortality.[14]
The Old Man in The Pardoner's Tale is often times written off as one who does not provide any sort of substance to the play. However, critic, Alfred David, refutes such claims and asserts the possibility that the Old Man in "The Pardoner's Tale" is meant to symbolize more than unambiguous death, "the old man's identity does not admit a simple, unambiguous, and definitive answer such as Death or Death's Messenger"[14]. David goes on to assert that the Old Man may actually symbolize the "Wandering Jew" as defined to be a symbol of death that will supposedly roam the Earth until the Second Coming of Jesus Christ. One may compare this notion to the symbol and character of the Old Man in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
"The Pardoner's Tale" finds itself widely debated among those in the literary world. The question of Chaucer's motivation in writing the tale, as well as potential social comments made within it, have been the subject of controversy concerning The Canterbury Tales. Gregory W. Gross, as dictated in Modern Language Studies, concludes that The Pardoner finds himself publicly shamed by the end of the tale by the Host's reprimand at the end of the tale. There is an "undertone" of exclusion at this point in the work that, perhaps, leads to the question of the sexuality of The Pardoner and the social boundaries at hand. To reaffirm his claim, Gross points out the ridicule and "laughter" on behalf of the other pilgrims. Perhaps, Chaucer is looking upon the Pardoner with a "compassionate eye," as the Host offers a kiss at the end of the tale. According to Gross, this could simply be the poet's way of easing the tension in the room, thus a sign of "compassion" towards the embarrassment of the Pardoner on behalf of the poet. Ultimately, it is plausible that Chaucer makes a societal statement long before his time that serves as a literary teaching moment in modern time as one further examines The Canterbury Tales.
In further analysis, psychological patterns of the character of the Pardoner is frequently analyzed by readers and critics alike. In 1961, critic Eric W. Stockton defined the psychology-based research of the character, "The psychology of the Pardoner has perhaps gotten in the way of the task of interpreting the stories' meaning. This is indeed an age of psychology." [15] As Stockton states, the character has largely been overanalyzed, especially amidst mid-century advances in psychoanaylsis in the 1960s and 1970s.
Character of the teller[edit]
The religious climate at the time that Chaucer wrote this piece was pre-Reformation. Therefore, the Sacraments were still largely considered, as explained by St. Augustine, “outward and visible signs of an inward and invisible grace.” The suggestion that outward appearances are reliable indicators of internal character was not considered radical or improper among contemporary audiences. Indeed, the vivid depiction of the Pardoner's hair, those locks “yellow as wax But smoothe as a strike (hank) of flex (flax),” does little to improve the reader's opinion of his moral character.[16]
Chaucer develops his description and analysis of the Pardoner throughout the Pardoner's Tale using suggestive analogies that provide the reader with the perception of a man of extreme sexual and spiritual poverty, willingly admitting that he abuses his authority and sells fake relics. The Pardoner's tale matches the unctuous nature of the Pardoner in many ways. Eugene Vance illustrates one parallel effectively fostered by Chaucer's sexual innuendoes. He writes: “The kneeling posture to which the Pardoner summons the pilgrims would place their noses right before his deficient crotch.”[16]
In addition, Vance expands upon this comparison, identifying a sexual innuendo implicit in the Pardoner's many relics. “The pardoner conspires to set himself up as a moveable shrine endowed with relics unsurpassed by those of anyone else in England.” Yet, of course, the relics are all fakes, creating a suggestion of both the Pardoner's impotence and his spiritual ill-worth.[16]
General themes[edit]
Though the Pardoner preaches against greed, the irony of the character is based in the Pardoner's hypocritical actions. He admits extortion of the poor, pocketing of indulgences, and failure to abide by teachings against jealousy and avarice. He also admits quite openly that he tricks the most guilty sinners into buying his spurious relics and does not really care what happens to the souls of those he has swindled.
The Pardoner is also deceptive in how he carries out his job. Instead of selling genuine relics, the bones he carries belong to pigs, not departed saints. The cross he carries appears to be studded with precious stones that are, in fact, bits of common metal. This irony could be an indication to Chaucer's dislike for religious profit—a pervasive late medieval theme hinging on anti-clericalism. Chaucer's use of subtle literary techniques, such as satire, seem to convey this message.
However, the Pardoner might also be seen as a reinforcement of the Apostolic Authority of the priesthood, which, according to the Catholic Church, functions fully even when the one possessing that authority is in a state of mortal sin, which in this case is supported by how the corrupt Pardoner is able to tell a morally intact tale and turn others from his same sin. Thomas Aquinas, an influential theologian of the late medieval period, had a philosophy concerning how God was able to work through evil people and deeds to accomplish good ends. Chaucer may have also been referencing a doctrine of St. Augustine of Hippo concerning the Donatist heresy of fourth and fifth century Northern Africa in which Augustine argued that a priest's ability to perform valid sacraments was not invalidated by his own sin. Thus, it is possible that with the Pardoner, Chaucer was criticising the administrative and economic practices of the Church while simultaneously affirming his support for its religious authority and dogma.
In the General Prologue of the Tales, the Pardoner is introduced with these lines:
With hym ther rood a gentil Pardoner
Of Rouncivale, his freend and his compeer,
That streight was comen fro the court of Rome.
Ful loude he soong "Com hider, love, to me!"
This Somonour bar to hym a stif burdoun ...
A voys he hadde as smal as hath a goot.
No berd hadde he, ne nevere sholde have;
As smothe it was as it were late shave.
I trowe he were a geldyng or a mare.
The last three lines indicate that the narrator thought the Pardoner to be either a eunuch ("geldyng") or a homosexual.
Adaptations[edit]
The Road to Canterbury: A Game of Pilgrims, Pardoners and the Seven Deadly Sins[17] is a board game in which players play as the Pardoner from The Canterbury Tales.
The 1927 novel The Treasure of the Sierra Madre is a novelisation of this tale, which was later made into the 1948 film of the same name.[18]
Rudyard Kipling in "The King's Ankus", a story in The Second Jungle Book.
The Tale of the Three Brothers, a story featured in the Harry Potter universe, is partially based on The Pardoner's Tale.
Hunting Death A version in modern verse
See also[edit]
English words first attested in Chaucer
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Benson 2008, p. 194.
Jump up ^ Benson 2008, pp. 208, 1260.
Jump up ^ Murphy n.d., p. 5.
^ Jump up to: a b Benson 2008, p. 15.
Jump up ^ Murphy n.d., p. 9.
Jump up ^ Murphy n.d., p. 10.
Jump up ^ Murphy n.d., p. 11.
Jump up ^ Benson 2008, p. 195.
Jump up ^ Benson 2008, p. 196.
Jump up ^ Benson 2008, p. 905.
^ Jump up to: a b Hamel & Merrill 1991.
Jump up ^ Furnivall et al.
Jump up ^ Hamer 1969.
Jump up ^ David 40
Jump up ^ Stockton 118
^ Jump up to: a b c Vance 1989.
Jump up ^ Eagle Games n.d.
Jump up ^ Murphy n.d., p. 6.
References[edit]
Benson, Larry D., ed. (2008). The Riverside Chaucer (Third ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-955209-2.
"The Road to Canterbury". Eagle Games. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2015.
Furnivall, Frederick James; Brock, Edmund; Clouston, W. A. (eds.). Originals and Analogues of some of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. London: N. Trübner.
Gross, Gregory W. "Trade Secrets: Chaucer, the Pardoner, the Critics". Modern Language Studies. 25 (4): 1–36. doi:10.2307/3195486.
Hamel, Mary; Merrill, Charles (1991). "The Analogues of the 'Pardoner's Tale' and a New African Version". The Chaucer Review. Penn State University Press. 26 (2): 175–83. doi:10.2307/25094193. ISSN 1528-4204. JSTOR 25094193 – via JSTOR. (Registration required (help)).
Hamer, Douglas (1969). "'The Pardoner's Tale': A West-African Analogue". Notes and Queries. Oxford University Press. 16 (9): 335–6. doi:10.1093/nq/16.9.335. ISSN 0029-3970.
Hatcher, Elizabeth R. (1975). "Life without Death: The Old Man in Chaucer's 'Pardoner's Tale'". The Chaucer Review. 9 (3): 246–52. doi:10.2307/25093311. ISSN 1528-4204. JSTOR 25093311 – via JSTOR. (Registration required (help)).
Murphy, Michael. "The Pardoner, his Prologue, and his Tale" (PDF). The Canterbury Tales: A Reader-friendly Edition of the General Prologue and sixteen tales. Brooklyn College.
Vance, Eugene (1989). "Chaucer's Pardoner: Relics, Discourse, and Frames of Propriety". New Literary History. Johns Hopkins University Press. 20 (3): 335–6. doi:10.2307/469364. ISSN 1080-661X. JSTOR 469364 – via JSTOR. (Registration required (help)).
Stockton, Eric W. "The Deadliest Sin in the Pardoner's Tale". Tennessee Studies in Literature. 17: 116–124.
Hamilton, Marie P. (1939). "Death and the 'Old Man' in The Pardoner's Tale". Studies in Philology. 36 (4): 571–576.
David, Alfred. "Criticism and the Old Man in Chaucer's The Pardoner's Tale". College English. 27 (1): 39–44. doi:10.2307/373708.
External links[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
The Canterbury Tales/The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale
Modern Translation of the Pardoner's Tale and Other Resources at eChaucer
The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale e-text for reading, searching, and study – texts.crossref-it.info
"The Pardoner's Tale" – a plain-English retelling for non-scholars.
[show]
v
t
e
Geoffrey Chaucer
Works
The
Canterbury
Tales
General Prologue
The Knight's Tale
The Miller's Tale
The Reeve's Tale
The Cook's Tale
The Man of Law's Tale
The Wife of Bath's Tale
The Friar's Tale
The Summoner's Tale
The Clerk's Tale
The Merchant's Tale
The Squire's Tale
The Franklin's Tale
The Physician's Tale
The Pardoner's Tale
The Shipman's Tale
The Prioress's Tale
Sir Thopas
The Tale of Melibee
The Monk's Tale
The Nun's Priest's Tale
The Second Nun's Tale
The Canon's Yeoman's Tale
The Manciple's Tale
The Parson's Tale
Chaucer's Retraction
Other works
The Romaunt of the Rose
The Book of the Duchess
The House of Fame
Anelida and Arcite
The Parliament of Fowls
Boece
Troilus and Criseyde
The Legend of Good Women
A Treatise on the Astrolabe
Spurious
The Cuckoo and the Nightingale
The Complaint of the Black Knight
The Floure and the Leafe
Pierce the Ploughman's Crede
Jack Upland
Tales
The Tale of Gamelyn
Prologue and Tale of Beryn
The Plowman's Tale
The Pilgrim's Tale
Language
and Texts
Rhyme royal
Heroic couplet
English words first attested in Chaucer
MSS Tradition
Order of The Canterbury Tales
Hengwrt Chaucer
Ellesmere Chaucer
Harley MS. 7334
Adam Pinkhurst
Scribe D
Related
Chaucer's influence on fifteenth-century Scottish literature
Influence of Italian humanism on Chaucer
Philippa Roet (wife)
Katherine Swynford (wife's sister)
Thomas Chaucer (son)
Alice de la Pole (granddaughter)
[show]
v
t
e
Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales
Order of The
Canterbury Tales
General Prologue
The Knight's Tale
The Miller's Tale
The Reeve's Tale
The Cook's Tale
The Man of Law's Tale
The Wife of Bath's Tale
The Friar's Tale
The Summoner's Tale
The Clerk's Tale
The Merchant's Tale
The Squire's Tale
The Franklin's Tale
The Physician's Tale
The Pardoner's Tale
The Shipman's Tale
The Prioress's Tale
Sir Thopas
The Tale of Melibee
The Monk's Tale
The Nun's Priest's Tale
The Second Nun's Tale
The Canon's Yeoman's Tale
The Manciple's Tale
The Parson's Tale
Addenda
The Plowman's Tale
The Tale of Gamelyn
Siege of Thebes
Prologue and Tale of Beryn
Films
The Canterbury Tales (1972)
Stage
The Two Noble Kinsmen (1634 play)
The Canterbury Pilgrims (1917 opera)
Canterbury Tales (1964 musical)
Television
Trinity Tales (1975)
The Canterbury Tales (2003)
Literature
The Canterbury Puzzles
A Commentary on the General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales
Single tale
derivations
The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnelle
Chanticleer and the Fox
The Book of the Dun Cow
Palamon and Arcite
God Spede the Plough
"The Pilgrim's Tale"
Related
Chaucer's Retraction
Ellesmere Chaucer
Hengwrt Chaucer
Descriptive Catalogue
"Have a nice day"
Words first used in
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Pardoner%27s_Tale&oldid=825123772"
Categories:
The Canterbury Tales
Hidden categories:
EngvarB from September 2013
Use dmy dates from September 2013
Pages with login required references or sources
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Français
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Simple English
Edit links
This page was last edited on 11 February 2018, at 17:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

values: File:Blake Canterbury Pilgrims engraving.jpg

values:
/wiki/Protestant_Reformation
mw-redirect
Protestant Reformation

values:
/wiki/St._Augustine_of_Hippo
mw-redirect
St. Augustine of Hippo

values: -moz-column-width: 20em; -webkit-column-width: 20em; column-width: 20em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Modern Language Studies (page does not exist)

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F3195486

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F25094193

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/1528-4204

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/25094193

values: The site requires registration to access this page.

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1093%2Fnq%2F16.9.335

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0029-3970

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F25093311

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/25093311

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F469364

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/1080-661X

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/469364

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F373708

values: wikisource:The Canterbury Tales/The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale

values:
navbox-image
3
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Harley_MS._7334
mw-redirect
Harley MS. 7334

values:
/wiki/Alice_de_la_Pole
mw-redirect
Alice de la Pole

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Use dmy dates from September 2013

values: Category:Pages with login required references or sources

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values:
/wiki/The_Pardoner%27s_Tale
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Le Conte du vendeur d'indulgences – French

values: Il racconto dell'indulgenziere – Italian

values: סיפורו של המחלן – Hebrew

values: The Pardoner's Prologue and Tale – Simple English

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Pardoner_s_Tale rootpage-The_Pardoner_s_Tale skin-vector action-view


text:
San Diego County Fair
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
San Diego County Fair, Del Mar, 2009
View of the midway, 1982
The San Diego County Fair (formerly called the Del Mar Fair) is a county fair held every summer at the Del Mar Fairgrounds in Del Mar, California. The fair is a major draw for San Diego County residents; in recent years, attendance figures have risen above a million annually, reaching a record attendance of 1,609,481 in 2016. As of 2016, the San Diego County Fair was the largest county fair in the United States, and the fifth largest fair of any kind[1].

Contents
1 History
2 Fairest of the Fair
3 Don Diego
4 Features
5 Date and location
6 Parking
7 Themes
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
The fair began in 1880 as an agricultural fair. The location moved from place to place for several years, finally settling on the Del Mar Fairgrounds when it opened in 1936.
In 1954, the fair's name was changed to the Southern California Exposition and San Diego County Fair. In 1970, this was shortened to the Southern California Exposition. The fair was again renamed in 1984 to the Del Mar Fair, which lasted until 2002 when the name San Diego County Fair was reinstated. It is sometimes still referred to as the "Del Mar Fair" by locals.
Fairest of the Fair[edit]
From 1936 through 2003 the fair included a beauty pageant. The winner was originally called Queen of the Fair; in 1947 the title was changed to Fairest of the Fair. The winner and her "court of lovelies" were featured at the fair and in public appearances throughout the year. In 2004 the pageant was discontinued due to high costs and legal wrangling over a disqualified entry in 2003. Most Memorable Contestant was 1979 Marlene Rosas of El Cajon, and the best known winner of the Fairest of the Fair pageant was the 1958 winner, a La Jolla High School student named Raquel Tejada, better known as actress Raquel Welch. [2]
Don Diego[edit]
For decades the official greeter and host of the fair was Don Diego, a smiling caballero portrayed by Spanish actor Tommy Hernandez from 1947 until his death in 1984. The character was based on a real person, Don Diego Alvarado, whose family had a large land grant in the Del Mar area during the late 1800s; Alvarado was known for his grand parties and was regarded as the local symbol of a gracious host. Dressed in a huge sombrero, embroidered tunic and trousers, and boots, and toting a guitar, Hernandez promoted the fair as its goodwill ambassador. He escorted the Fairest of the Fair and other celebrities, and personally greeted ordinary fairgoers with a "¡Bienvenidos Amigos!" ("Welcome, Friends)".[3]
After Hernandez' death the fair board decided to retire the character rather than try to replace Hernandez, who they felt had been uniquely qualified for the role of Don Diego. A 16-foot bronze statue of Hernandez as Don Diego, created by artist Maher Morcos,[4] now stands at the fair's main entrance. The fair established a scholarship fund in 1986, the Don Diego fund, in his honor.[5] Each year the statute is dressed in garb that is appropriate to the theme of that year's fair.
Features[edit]
San Diego County Fair Plant Exhibit, 2009
The fair features many musical and talent performances from artists of varying notability, from nationally known acts on the infield stage to local professionals to amateur groups. There are dozens of contests ranging from agricultural efforts to cooking to flower arranging.
As with many county fairs, animal exhibits are abundant. There are also two buildings full of commercial exhibits. There are exhibits featuring San Diego County's heritage, as well as exhibits specially designed for the fair's theme, which changes annually, making the fair somewhat different each year. The theme for 2018 is "How Sweet It Is".
Children and students are honored in the Kids' Best and Student Showcase displays, which feature artwork created by students ranging from kindergarten through community college. School yearbooks are displayed as well as woodworking, photography, and art projects constructed by high school students. All ages can display their talents in exhibits such as Design in Wood, photo and art shows, and Home and Hobby. Each day features a particular city or town in San Diego County.
Food also is a feature of the fair, with more than 100 food booths. There are many fair classics as well as other interesting or outrageous creations such as beef sundaes, fried Twinkies, and apple fries. Something new is added every year, such as fried cola in 2007, chocolate bacon in 2009, and fried butter in 2010.[6] In 2015 the new Fair fare is an ecelectic mix of pork and bacon to sweets and spice - and much more. From Wasabi Bacon Bombs to Sriracha Corn Dogs, Deep-fried Slimfast Bars, and a Fireball Donut, there is a lot to eat and see at the San Diego County Fair.
The Fourth of July brings events celebrating the United States' independence, including a parade and a large fireworks display in the evening.
With an average daily attendance of more than 60,000 in 2014, it is the fourth largest fair in North America, and California's largest ever, surpassed in attendance only by the State Fair of Texas, Houston Livestock Show and Rodeo, and the Minnesota State Fair.
Date and location[edit]
The fair is generally held from the first weekend in June through the Fourth of July weekend, and is closed every Monday and Tuesday in June.
The fair is held at the Del Mar Fairgrounds in Del Mar, California, off the Via De La Valle exit (Exit 36) on the Interstate 5 Freeway. The address is 2260 Jimmy Durante Blvd., Del Mar, CA 92014.
Parking[edit]
The Del Mar Fairgrounds charges $13 for parking in their main lots during the San Diego Fair.
There are multiple free options for parking during the fair that includes free shuttle service to help combat traffic and parking problems.
Torrey Pines High School, 3710 Del Mar Heights Rd., Del Mar Saturdays and Sundays
MiraCosta College's San Elijo Campus, 3333 Manchester Ave., Cardiff Saturdays and Sundays
Del Mar Horsepark (just east of the fair), 14550 El Camino Real, Del Mar everyday fair is open[7][8]
Themes[edit]
Since 1998 the San Diego County Fair has adopted a theme.
1998 - Camping
1999 - Baseball
2000 - California
2001 - Surfing
2002 - Elvis Presley
2003 - Ocean/Beach
2004 - Dr. Seuss
2005 - Classical Film
2006 - Ocean/Beach
2007 - American Veterans
2008 - Sports
2009 - Music Mania
2010 - Taste the Fun
2011 - Race to The Fair
2012 - Out of This World
2013 - Game On
2014 - The FAB Fair
2015 - A Fair to Remember
2016 - Mad About the Fair
2017 - Where the West is Fun
2018 - How Sweet it is
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "2016 Top 50 Fairs" (PDF). Carnival Warehouse. Retrieved 2017-06-12.
Jump up ^ San Diego Union Tribune, March 19, 2006
Jump up ^ North County Times, June 25, 2006
Jump up ^ Los Angeles Times, May 24, 1985
Jump up ^ San Diego Fair:Don Diego Fund
Jump up ^ KPBS News, July 5, 2010
Jump up ^ Mar Fairgrounds Free Parking at Horsepark
Jump up ^ San Diego Fair Parking Archived 2014-07-15 at the Wayback Machine.
External links[edit]
San Diego County Fair website
Del Mar Fairgrounds website

Coordinates: 32°58′30″N 117°15′36″W / 32.975°N 117.260°W / 32.975; -117.260
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Diego_County_Fair&oldid=848893499"
Categories:
Festivals in San Diego
Fairs in California
Del Mar, California
Annual fairs
Annual events in California
Tourist attractions in San Diego County, California
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Coordinates on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 5 July 2018, at 02:34 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href class title

attrs: class style

value: b

values:
/wiki/County_fair
mw-redirect
County fair

attrs: href title

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Fourth_of_July
mw-redirect
Fourth of July

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://sdfair.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://DelMarFairgrounds.com/
external text

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values: Category:Tourist attractions in San Diego County, California

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/San_Diego_County_Fair
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-San_Diego_County_Fair rootpage-San_Diego_County_Fair skin-vector action-view


text:
List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Map of the United States with names and borders of states
The order in which the original 13 states ratified the 1787 Constitution, then the order in which the others were admitted to the union
A state of the United States of America is one of the 50 constituent entities that shares its sovereignty with the federal government. Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside, due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the federal government.[1] Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names.
States are the primary subdivisions of the United States and possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, such as regulating intrastate commerce, running elections, creating local governments, and ratifying constitutional amendments. Each state has its own constitution grounded in republican principles, and government consisting of executive, legislative, and judicial branches.[2]
All states and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Each state is represented by two Senators, while Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census.[3] Additionally, each state is entitled to select a number of electors to vote in the Electoral College, the body that elects the President of the United States, equal to the total of Representatives and Senators in Congress from that state.[4]
Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1 of the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50. Each new state has been admitted on an equal footing with the existing states.[5]
The following table is a list of all 50 states and their respective dates of statehood. The first 13 became states in July 1776 upon agreeing to the United States Declaration of Independence, and each joined the first Union of states between 1777 and 1781, upon ratifying the Articles of Confederation, its first constitution.[6] (A separate table is included below showing AoC ratification dates.) These states are presented in the order in which each ratified the 1787 Constitution, thus joining the present federal Union of states. The date of admission listed for each subsequent state is the official date set by Act of Congress.[a]
Contents
[hide]
1 List of U.S. states
2 Articles of Confederation ratification dates
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
6 External links
List of U.S. states[edit]
State
Date
(admitted or ratified)
Formed from
1 Delaware 000000001787-12-07-0000December 7, 1787[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Delaware[b]
2 Pennsylvania 000000001787-12-12-0000December 12, 1787[10]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Pennsylvania
3 New Jersey 000000001787-12-18-0000December 18, 1787[11]
(ratified) Crown Colony of New Jersey
4 Georgia 000000001788-01-02-0000January 2, 1788[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Georgia
5 Connecticut 000000001788-01-09-0000January 9, 1788[12]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Connecticut
6 Massachusetts 000000001788-02-06-0000February 6, 1788[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Massachusetts Bay
7 Maryland 000000001788-04-28-0000April 28, 1788[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Maryland
8 South Carolina 000000001788-05-23-0000May 23, 1788[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of South Carolina
9 New Hampshire 000000001788-06-21-0000June 21, 1788[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of New Hampshire
10 Virginia 000000001788-06-25-0000June 25, 1788[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Virginia
11 New York 000000001788-07-26-0000July 26, 1788[13]
(ratified) Crown Colony of New York
12 North Carolina 000000001789-11-21-0000November 21, 1789[14]
(ratified) Crown Colony of North Carolina
13 Rhode Island 000000001790-05-29-0000May 29, 1790[8]
(ratified) Crown Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
14 Vermont 000000001791-03-04-0000March 4, 1791[15]
(admitted) Vermont !Vermont Republic[c]
15 Kentucky 000000001792-06-01-0000June 1, 1792[16]
(admitted) Virginia (District of Kentucky: Fayette, Jefferson, and Lincoln counties[d])
16 Tennessee 000000001796-06-01-0000June 1, 1796[18]
(admitted) Southwest Territory
17 Ohio 000000001803-03-01-0000March 1, 1803[19][e]
(admitted) Northwest Territory (part)
18 Louisiana 000000001812-04-30-0000April 30, 1812[21]
(admitted) Orleans !Territory of Orleans
19 Indiana 000000001816-12-11-0000December 11, 1816
(admitted) Indiana Territory
20 Mississippi 000000001817-12-10-0000December 10, 1817[22]
(admitted) Mississippi Territory
21 Illinois 000000001818-12-03-0000December 3, 1818[23]
(admitted) Illinois Territory (part)
22 Alabama 000000001819-12-14-0000December 14, 1819[24]
(admitted) Alabama Territory
23 Maine 000000001820-03-15-0000March 15, 1820[25]
(admitted) Massachusetts (District of Maine[f])
24 Missouri 000000001821-08-10-0000August 10, 1821[26]
(admitted) Missouri Territory (part)
25 Arkansas 000000001836-06-15-0000June 15, 1836[27]
(admitted) Arkansas Territory
26 Michigan 000000001837-01-26-0000January 26, 1837[28]
(admitted) Michigan Territory
27 Florida 000000001845-03-03-0000March 3, 1845
(admitted) Florida Territory
28 Texas 000000001845-12-29-0000December 29, 1845
(admitted) Texas !Republic of Texas
29 Iowa 000000001846-12-28-0000December 28, 1846
(admitted) Iowa Territory (part)
30 Wisconsin 000000001848-05-29-0000May 29, 1848[29]
(admitted) Wisconsin Territory (part)
31 California 000000001850-09-09-0000September 9, 1850[30]
(admitted) Unorganized !unorganized territory (part)
32 Minnesota 000000001858-05-11-0000May 11, 1858[31]
(admitted) Minnesota Territory (part)
33 Oregon 000000001859-02-14-0000February 14, 1859
(admitted) Oregon Territory (part)
34 Kansas 000000001861-01-29-0000January 29, 1861[32]
(admitted) Kansas Territory (part)
35 West Virginia 000000001863-06-20-0000June 20, 1863[33]
(admitted) Virginia (Trans-Allegheny region counties[g])
36 Nevada 000000001864-10-31-0000October 31, 1864
(admitted) Nevada Territory
37 Nebraska 000000001867-03-01-0000March 1, 1867
(admitted) Nebraska Territory
38 Colorado 000000001876-08-01-0000August 1, 1876[36]
(admitted) Colorado Territory
39[h] North Dakota 000000001889-11-02-0000November 2, 1889[38][i]
(admitted) Dakota Territory (part)
40 South Dakota 000000001889-11-02-0000November 2, 1889[38][i]
(admitted) Dakota Territory (part)
41 Montana 000000001889-11-08-0000November 8, 1889[39]
(admitted) Montana Territory
42 Washington 000000001889-11-11-0000November 11, 1889[40]
(admitted) Washington Territory
43 Idaho 000000001890-07-03-0000July 3, 1890
(admitted) Idaho Territory
44 Wyoming 000000001890-07-10-0000July 10, 1890
(admitted) Wyoming Territory
45 Utah 000000001896-01-04-0000January 4, 1896[41]
(admitted) Utah Territory
46 Oklahoma 000000001907-11-16-0000November 16, 1907[42]
(admitted) Oklahoma Territory and Indian Territory
47 New Mexico 000000001912-01-06-0000January 6, 1912
(admitted) New Mexico Territory
48 Arizona 000000001912-02-14-0000February 14, 1912
(admitted) Arizona Territory
49 Alaska 000000001959-01-03-0000January 3, 1959
(admitted) Alaska !Territory of Alaska
50 Hawaii 000000001959-08-21-0000August 21, 1959
(admitted) Hawaii !Territory of Hawaii
Articles of Confederation ratification dates[edit]
The Second Continental Congress approved the Articles of Confederation for ratification by the individual states on November 15, 1777. The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1, 1781, after being ratified by all 13 states. On March 4, 1789, the general government under the Articles was replaced with the federal government under the present Constitution.[43]
State
Date
13 !1 Virginia 000000001777-12-16-0000December 16, 1777
12 !2 South Carolina 000000001778-02-05-0000February 5, 1778
08 !3 New York 000000001778-02-06-0000February 6, 1778
11 !4 Rhode Island 000000001778-02-09-0000February 9, 1778
01 !5 Connecticut 000000001778-02-12-0000February 12, 1778
03 !6 Georgia 000000001778-02-26-0000February 26, 1778
06 !7 New Hampshire 000000001778-03-04-0000March 4, 1778
10 !8 Pennsylvania 000000001778-03-05-0000March 5, 1778
05 !9 Massachusetts 000000001778-03-10-0000March 10, 1778
09 !10 North Carolina 000000001778-04-05-0000April 5, 1778
07 !11 New Jersey 000000001778-11-19-0000November 19, 1778
02 !12 Delaware 000000001779-02-01-0000February 1, 1779
04 !13 Maryland 000000001781-02-02-0000February 2, 1781
See also[edit]
North America portal
United States portal
Enabling Act of 1802, authorizing residents of the eastern portion of the Northwest Territory to form the state of Ohio
Missouri Compromise, 1820 federal statute enabling the admission of Missouri (a slave state) and Maine (a free state) into the Union
Toledo War, 1835–36 boundary dispute between Ohio and the adjoining Michigan Territory, which delayed Michigan's admission to the Union
Texas annexation, the 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States as a state in the Union
Legal status of Texas
Compromise of 1850, a package of congressional acts, one of which provided for the admission of California to the Union
Bleeding Kansas, a series of violent conflicts in Kansas Territory involving anti-slavery and pro-slavery factions in the years preceding Kansas statehood, 1854–61
Enabling Act of 1889, authorizing residents of Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories to form state governments (Dakota to be divided into two states) and to gain admission to the Union
Enabling Act of 1906 authorizing residents of Oklahoma, Indian, New Mexico, and Arizona territories to form state governments (Indian and Oklahoma territories to be combined into one state) and to gain admission to the Union
Alaska Statehood Act, admitting Alaska as a state in the Union as of January 3, 1959
Legal status of Alaska
Hawaii Admission Act, admitting Hawaii as a state in the Union as of August 21, 1959
Legal status of Hawaii
List of states and territories of the United States
Federalism in the United States
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ This list does not account for the secession of 11 states (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas) during the Civil War to form the Confederate States of America, nor for the subsequent restoration of those states to the Union, or each state's "readmission to representation in Congress" after the war, as the federal government does not give legal recognition to their having left the Union. Also, the Constitution is silent on the question of whether states have the power to secede from the Union, but the Supreme Court held that a state cannot unilaterally do so in Texas v. White (1869).[7]
Jump up ^ Also known as the "Three Lower Counties Upon Delaware". Delaware became a state on June 15, 1776, when the Delaware Assembly formally adopted a resolution declaring an end to Delaware's status as a colony of Great Britain and establishing the three counties as an independent state under the authority of "the Government of the Counties of New Castle, Kent and Sussex Upon Delaware".[9]
Jump up ^ Between 1749 and 1764 the provincial governor of New Hampshire, Benning Wentworth, issued approximately 135 grants for unoccupied land claimed by New Hampshire west of the Connecticut River (in what is today southern Vermont), territory that was also claimed by New York. The resulting "New Hampshire Grants" dispute led to the rise of the Green Mountain Boys, and the later establishment of the Vermont Republic. New Hampshire's claim upon the land was extinguished in 1764 by royal order of George III, and in 1790 the State of New York ceded its land claim to Vermont for 30,000 dollars.
Jump up ^ The Virginia General Assembly adopted legislation on December 18, 1789 separating its "District of Kentucky" from the rest of the State and approving its statehood.[17]
Jump up ^ The exact date upon which Ohio became a state is unclear. On April 30, 1802 the 7th Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union" (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat. 173). On February 19, 1803 the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio" (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat. 201). Neither act, however, set a formal date of statehood. An official statehood date for Ohio was not set until 1953, when the 83rd Congress passed a Joint resolution "for admitting the State of Ohio into the Union", (Pub.L. 83–204, 67 Stat. 407, enacted August 7, 1953) which designated March 1, 1803, as that date.[20]
Jump up ^ The Massachusetts General Court passed enabling legislation on June 19, 1819 separating the "District of Maine" from the rest of the State (an action approved by the voters in Maine on July 19, 1819 by 17,001 to 7,132); then, on February 25, 1820, passed a follow-up measure officially accepting the fact of Maine's imminent statehood.[17]
Jump up ^ On May 13, 1862, the General Assembly of the Restored Government of Virginia passed an act granting permission for creation of West Virginia.[34] Later, by its ruling in Virginia v. West Virginia (1871), the Supreme Court implicitly affirmed that the breakaway Virginia counties did have the proper consents necessary to become a separate state.[35]
Jump up ^ When President Benjamin Harrison signed the statehood proclamations for North and South Dakota he shuffled the papers on his desk and covered up all but the signature line of the documents. No one knows which state he signed into existence first. North Dakota's proclamation was published first in the Statutes at Large, as it is first in alphabetical order.[37]
^ Jump up to: a b Brought into existence within moments of each other on the same day, North and South Dakota are the nation's only twin-born states.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Erler, Edward. "Essays on Amendment XIV: Citizenship". The Heritage Foundation.
Jump up ^ "Frequently Asked Questions About the Minnesota Legislature". Minnesota State Legislature.
Jump up ^ Kristin D. Burnett. "Congressional Apportionment (2010 Census Briefs C2010BR-08)" (PDF). U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration.
Jump up ^ Elhauge, Einer R. "Essays on Article II: Presidential Electors". The Heritage Foundation.
Jump up ^ "Doctrine of the Equality of States". Justia.com.
Jump up ^ Jensen, Merrill (1959). The Articles of Confederation: An Interpretation of the Social-Constitutional History of the American Revolution, 1774–1781. University of Wisconsin Press. pp. xi, 184. ISBN 978-0-299-00204-6.
Jump up ^ "Texas v. White 74 U.S. 700 (1868)". Justia.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Vile, John R. (2005). The Constitutional Convention of 1787: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of America's Founding (Volume 1: A-M). ABC-CLIO. p. 658. ISBN 1-85109-669-8.
Jump up ^ "Delaware Government". Delaware.gov. Government Information Center, Delaware Department of State.
Jump up ^ "Overview of Pennsylvania History - 1776-1861: Independence to the Civil War". PA.gov. Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission.
Jump up ^ "1787 Convention Minutes". NJ.gov. New Jersey Department of State.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: January 9". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: July 26". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: November 21". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "The 14th State". Vermont History Explorer. Vermont Historical Society.
Jump up ^ "Constitution Square Historic Site". Danville/Boyle County Convention and Visitors Bureau.
^ Jump up to: a b "Official Name and Status History of the several States and U.S. Territories". TheGreenPapers.com.
Jump up ^ "State History Timeline". TN.gov. Tennessee Department of State. Archived from the original on April 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Blue, Frederick J. (Autumn 2002). "The Date of Ohio Statehood". Ohio Academy of History Newsletter. Archived from the original on September 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ Clearing up the Confusion surrounding Ohio's Admission to Statehood
Jump up ^ "About Louisiana: quick facts". louisiana.gov. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Welcome from the Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission". Mississippi Bicentennial Celebration Commission. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: December 3". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Alabama History Timeline: 1800-1860". alabama.gov. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: March 15". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: August 10". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: June 15". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: January 26". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: May 29". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "California Admission Day September 9, 1850". CA.gov. California Department of Parks and Recreation.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: May 11". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: January 29". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: June 20". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ "A State of Convenience: The Creation of West Virginia, Chapter Twelve, Reorganized Government of Virginia Approves Separation". Wvculture.org. West Virginia Division of Culture and History.
Jump up ^ "Virginia v. West Virginia 78 U.S. 39 (1870)". Justia.com.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: August 1". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ MacPherson, James; Burbach, Kevin (November 2, 2014). "At 125 years of Dakotas statehood, rivalry remains". Bismarck Tribune.
^ Jump up to: a b "Today in History: November 2". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ Wishart, David J. (ed.). "Montana". Encyclopedia of the Great Plains. University of Nebraska–Lincoln. Retrieved February 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: November 11". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ Thatcher, Linda Thatcher (2016). "Struggle For Statehood Chronology". historytogo.utah.gov. State of Utah.
Jump up ^ "Today in History: November 16". loc.gov. Library of Congress.
Jump up ^ Rodgers, Paul (2011). United States Constitutional Law: An Introduction. McFarland. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-7864-6017-5.
External links[edit]
Find more aboutstatehoodat Wikipedia's sister projects
Definitions from Wiktionary
Media from Wikimedia Commons
News from Wikinews
Quotations from Wikiquote
Texts from Wikisource
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Learning resources from Wikiversity
"U.S. States Videos". History.com.
"Dates of statehood". 50states.com.
[show]
v
t
e
United States state-related lists
List of states and territories of the United States
Demographics
Educational attainment
Irreligion
Largest cities by population
Most popular given names
Most populous counties
Population
Density
Growth rate
Birth and death rates
Historical
African American
Amish
Hispanic and Latino
Spanish-speaking
Economy
Billionaires
Budgets
Companies
Federal tax revenue
Federal taxation and spending
Gross domestic product
Growth rate
Per capita
Income
Household
Per capita
Inequality
Minimum wages
Poverty rates
Sales taxes
Sovereign wealth funds
State income taxes
Flat rate
None
Unemployment rates
Union affiliation
Vehicles per capita
Environment
Carbon dioxide emissions
Parks
Renewable energy
Superfund sites
Wilderness areas
Geography
Area
Coastline
Elevation
Forest
Geographic centers
Government
Attorneys general
Capitals
Historical
Capitol buildings
Comparison
Counties
Alphabetical
Current State Legislators
Governors
Lieutenant governors
Legislatures
Libraries and archives
Official languages
Poets laureate
State auditors
State secretaries of state
State superintendents of education
State supreme courts
State treasurers
Health
Human Development Index
Fertility rates
Hospitals
Life expectancy
Obesity rates
History
Date of statehood
Name etymologies
Historical societies and museums
National Historic Landmarks
National Register of Historic Places
State partitions
Historic regions
Law
Abortion
Age of consent
Alcohol
Dry communities
Alford plea
Cell phone use while driving
Constitutions
Firearms
Homicide
Law enforcement agencies
Legality of cannabis
Peace Index
Prisons
Incarceration rate
Same-sex unions
Former constitutional bans
Marriage law
Seat belt laws
Self-representation
Smoking bans
Statutory codes
Miscellaneous
Abbreviations
Demonyms
Fictional states
Flags
Insignia
Symbols
Tallest buildings
Time zones
Category
Commons
Portals
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_U.S._states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union&oldid=815922674"
Categories:
Lists of states of the United States
United States geography-related lists
United States history-related lists
United States history timelines
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from August 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Български
Čeština
Ελληνικά
Español
Français
Ilokano
Italiano
ქართული
Latina
Magyar
മലയാളം
Nederlands
日本語
Română
Русский
Simple English
Slovenčina
ไทย
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 December 2017, at 02:30.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Citizenship_in_the_United_States
mw-redirect
Citizenship in the United States

values:
/wiki/State_government_(United_States)
mw-redirect
State government (United States)

values: United States congressional apportionment

values: Article Four of the United States Constitution

values: United States Declaration of Independence

values: Article Seven of the United States Constitution

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Crown_Colony
mw-redirect
Crown Colony

values:
/wiki/Colony_of_Connecticut
mw-redirect
Colony of Connecticut

values: Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
sortable wikitable jquery-tablesorter
align:left

values: Edit section: Articles of Confederation ratification dates

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
/wiki/Slave_and_free_states
mw-redirect
Slave and free states

values: List of states and territories of the United States

values:
nofollow
external text
http://legislink.org/us/stat-2-173

values:
nofollow
external text
http://legislink.org/us/stat-2-201

values:
nofollow
external text
http://legislink.org/us/pl-83-204

values:
nofollow
external text
http://legislink.org/us/stat-67-407

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: lower-alpha;

values:
/wiki/Minnesota_State_Legislature
mw-redirect
Minnesota State Legislature

values:
nofollow
http://ms200.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=23856

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: padding-bottom: 0.75em; text-align: center;

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values: display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;

values: border-top:1px solid #aaa; padding-top: 0.75em;

values: metadata plainlinks plainlist mbox-small

values: border:1px solid #aaa; padding:0.75em; background:#f9f9f9;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.history.com/topics/us-states

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.50states.com/statehood.htm

values: List of U.S. states by educational attainment

values: List of U.S. states' largest cities by population

values: List of most popular given names by state in the United States

values: List of the most populous counties by U.S. state

values: List of U.S. states and territories by population

values: List of U.S. states by population density

values: List of U.S. states by population growth rate

values: List of U.S. states and territories by birth and death rates

values: List of U.S. states by historical population

values: List of U.S. states by African-American population

values: List of U.S. states by Hispanic and Latino population

values: List of U.S. states by the number of billionaires

values: List of companies of the United States by state

values: List of U.S. states by economic growth rate

values: List of U.S. states by sovereign wealth funds

values: List of U.S. states by unemployment rate

values: List of U.S. states by vehicles per capita

values: List of U.S. states by carbon dioxide emissions

values: List of U.S. states by electricity production from renewable sources

values: List of U.S. state and tribal wilderness areas

values: List of U.S. states and territories by area

values:
/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_elevation
mw-redirect
List of U.S. states by elevation

values: Forest cover by state in the United States

values: List of state and territorial capitols in the United States

values: List of current United States lieutenant governors

values: List of United States state legislatures

values: List of U.S. state libraries and archives

values: Secretary of state (U.S. state government)

values: List of U.S. states by American Human Development Index

values: List of U.S. states and territories by fertility rate

values: List of state name etymologies of the United States

values: List of U.S. state historical societies and museums

values: List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state

values: United States National Register of Historic Places listings

values:
/wiki/Alcohol_laws_of_the_United_States
mw-redirect
Alcohol laws of the United States

values: List of U.S. states by Alford plea usage

values: Restrictions on cell phone use while driving in the United States

values:
/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_constitutions
mw-redirect
List of U.S. state constitutions

values: Gun violence in the United States by state

values: List of United States state and local law enforcement agencies

values: List of U.S. states by incarceration rate

values: List of U.S. state laws on same-sex unions

values: List of U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions by type

values: Same-sex marriage law in the United States by state

values: List of U.S. state constitutional provisions allowing self-representation in state courts

values: List of smoking bans in the United States

values:
/wiki/List_of_demonyms_for_U.S._states
mw-redirect
List of demonyms for U.S. states

values:
/wiki/List_of_fictional_U.S._states
mw-redirect
List of fictional U.S. states

values: Flags of the U.S. states and territories

values: List of U.S. state, district, and territorial insignia

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: commons:Category:States of the United States

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:Lists of states of the United States

values: Category:United States geography-related lists

values: Category:United States history-related lists

values: Category:United States history timelines

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Списък на щатите по присъединяването им към САЩ – Bulgarian

values: Seznam států USA podle vstupu do Unie – Czech

values: Κατάλογος πολιτειών των ΗΠΑ ανά ημερομηνία προαγωγής σε πολιτεία – Greek

values: Anexo:Estados de Estados Unidos por orden de ingreso en la Unión – Spanish

values: États des États-Unis par ordre d'entrée dans l'Union – French

values: Listaan dagiti estado iti Estados Unidos babaen ti petsa a pinag-estado – Iloko

values: Stati per data di entrata negli Stati Uniti d'America – Italian

values: აშშ-ის შტატებად გახდომის სია თარიღების მიხედვით – Georgian

values: Index Civitatum Foederatarum per annos accessionis in rempublicam – Latin

values: Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok tagállamainak listája a felvétel dátuma szerint – Hungarian

values: അമേരിക്കൻ ഐക്യനാടുകളിലെ സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങളുടെ പട്ടിക (സംസ്ഥാനങ്ങൾ യൂണിയനിൽ ചേർന്ന സമയക്രമത്തിൽ) – Malayalam

values: Lijst van staten van de VS naar datum van toetreding – Dutch

values: アメリカ合衆国の州 (成立順) – Japanese

values: Listă a statelor componente ale Statelor Unite ale Americii ordonate după data intrării în Uniune – Romanian

values: Список штатов США по дате присоединения – Russian

values: List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union – Simple English

values: Zoznam štátov USA podľa dátumu vstupu – Slovak

values: รายชื่อรัฐในสหรัฐอเมริกาเรียงตามลำดับการก่อตั้ง – Thai

values: Список штатів США за датою приєднання – Ukrainian

values: فہرست امریکی ریاستیں بلحاظ تاریخ ریاستی درجہ – Urdu

values: Danh sách tiểu bang Hoa Kỳ theo ngày trở thành tiểu bang – Vietnamese

values: 美國州份依加入聯邦順序排列列表 – Chinese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_U_S_states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union rootpage-List_of_U_S_states_by_date_of_admission_to_the_Union skin-vector action-view


text:
Turbo Teen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Turbo-Teen
Genre
Cartoon series, Children's television series, Superheroes, Adventure
Created by
Ruby-Spears Productions
Voices of
T. K. Carter
Pat Fraley
Pamela Hayden
Michael Mish
Frank Welker
Composer(s)
Udi Harpaz
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
13 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Joe Ruby
Ken Spears
Running time
20 mins (excluding commercials)
Production company(s)
Ruby-Spears Productions
Distributor
Worldvision Enterprises (original)
Warner Bros. Television (current)
Release
Original network
ABC
Original release
September 9, 1984 (1984-09-09) – August 31, 1985 (1985-08-31)
Turbo-Teen is an animated series about a teenager with the ability to transform into a sports car. It aired on Saturday morning on the ABC Network for thirteen episodes during the 1984–85 season. The series was once a rerun on the USA Network's USA Cartoon Express programming block.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Production
3 Episodes
4 Cast
4.1 Additional voices
5 Crew
6 Parodies
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Turbo Teen is about a teenager named Brett Matthews who swerves off a road during a thunderstorm and crashes into a secret government laboratory. There, he and his red sports car are accidentally exposed to a molecular beam invented by a scientist named Dr. Chase for a government agent named Cardwell. Man and machine become fused together and as a result, Brett gains the ability to morph into the car when exposed to extreme heat and revert into his human form when exposed to extreme cold. With this new super hero power, Brett and his friends, Patti (a freelance reporter), mechanic Alex (who calls Brett "TT"), and Brett's dog Rusty go on crime-fighting adventures together and solve other mysteries.
A recurring subplot involves Brett, Cardwell, and Dr. Chase's search for a way to return Brett to normal. Also, a recurring villain is the mysterious, unseen "Dark Rider" who drives a monster truck and seeks to capture Brett Matthews in order to find the secret behind his abilities. Dark Rider is voiced by Frank Welker and is similar to how he performs the voice of Dr. Claw in the Inspector Gadget series.
Production[edit]
The show was produced by Ruby-Spears Productions with animation supplied by Toei Animation and Hanho Heung-Up. It was broadcast during the growing popularity of the Knight Rider television series and mirrors much of it, even down to very similar-sounding theme music. The car that Brett turns into looks like an amalgam of a Third Generation Chevrolet Camaro and its sister car, the Pontiac Trans Am; the later model Knight Rider's KITT is based on.[clarification needed] Neither of those, though, have turbochargers.
Episodes[edit]
Nº
Title
Original air date
1
"Turbo Thieves" TBA
2
"Dark Rider" September 8, 1984 (1984-09-08)
3
"Mystery of Fantasy Park" September 15, 1984 (1984-09-15)
4
"No Show UFO" September 22, 1984 (1984-09-22)
5
"Micro-Teen" October 6, 1984 (1984-10-06)
6
"The Sinister Souped-Up Seven" October 13, 1984 (1984-10-13)
7
"Video Venger" October 20, 1984 (1984-10-20)
Various war machines from an arcade game come to life when Brett and his friends discover the game is a training program for a real planned invasion of Washington D.C.
8
"Dark Rider and the Wolves of Doom" October 27, 1984 (1984-10-27)
Dark Rider captures Monique's father Dr. Fabro and his formula that can cause dogs to regress to their primitive state in his latest plan to capture Brett Matthews.
9
"The Curse of the Twisted Claw" November 3, 1984 (1984-11-03)
10
"Daredevil Run" November 10, 1984 (1984-11-10)
Brett, Alex, and Pattie enter a cross-country race as cover while escorting a girl named Paula to court so that she can testify against a jewel thief called "The Dragon."
11
"The Amazon Adventure" November 17, 1984 (1984-11-17)
12
"Fright Friday" November 24, 1984 (1984-11-24)
13
"The Mystery of Dark Rider" December 1, 1984 (1984-12-01)
Cast[edit]
T. K. Carter – Alex
Pat Fraley – Eddie, Dr. Chase
Pamela Hayden – Pattie
Michael Mish – Brett Matthews/Turbo Teen
Clive Revill – Cardwell
Frank Welker – Rusty, Dark Rider, Flip
Additional voices[edit]
Nelson Comer
Alan Dinehart
Alejandro Garay
Linda Gary
Bob Holt
Bill Martin
Michael Sheehan
Crew[edit]
Alan Dinehart - Voice Director
Howard Morris - Voice Director
Parodies[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Turbo Teen was parodied in the Robot Chicken episode "Rabbits on a Roller Coaster" with Brett Matthews voiced by Seth Green, Alex voiced by Tom Root and Pattie voiced by Katee Sackhoff.
A webcomic named Teen Boat ran for a short time, with a teenager who could turn into a small yacht.
A commercial for The Rotten Tomatoes Show on Current TV in July 2009 includes a man similarly transforming into a red sports car, a Mazda Miata. The man is wearing a wardrobe similar to Brett Matthews' wardrobe.
The Rick and Morty episode The Ricks Must Be Crazy parodies Turbo Teen, revealing that Morty can also transform into a car (and ultimately does, in a similar-looking fashion).
In the "Simpsons Comics" story "Con-nukah!" a toy called "Turbo Poochie Teen" appears on Bart's wishlist.
External links[edit]
Turbo Teen on IMDb
Turbo Teen at TV.com
Episode guide at the Big Cartoon DataBase
[hide]
v
t
e
Children's programming on the American Broadcasting Company in the 1980s
First-run animated series
The World's Greatest Super Friends (1979–80)
The Plastic Man Comedy/Adventure Show (Mighty Man and Yukk
Fangface
Rickety Rocket) (1979–81)
Spider-Woman (1979–80)
Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo (1979–80)
Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels (1977–80)
Super Friends (1980-82)
The Fonz and the Happy Days Gang (1980–82)
Richie Rich (1980–84)
Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo (shorts) (1980–83)
Thundarr the Barbarian (1980–82)
The Heathcliff and Dingbat Show (1980–82)
Laverne & Shirley in the Army (1981–82)
Goldie Gold and Action Jack (1981–82)
Pac-Man (1982–84)
The Little Rascals (1982–84)
Mork & Mindy/Laverne & Shirley/Fonz Hour (1982–83)
The Scooby & Scrappy-Doo/Puppy Hour (1982–83)
The Puppy's Further Adventures (1982–84)
Monchhichis (1983–84)
Rubik, the Amazing Cube (1983–85)
The Littles (1983–86)
Super Friends: The Legendary Super Powers Show (1984–85)
Mighty Orbots (1984–85)
Turbo Teen (1984–85)
Dragon's Lair (1984–85)
The New Scooby and Scrappy-Doo Show/The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries (1983–85)
Star Wars: Ewoks (1985–87)
Star Wars: Droids (1985–86)
The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians (1985–86)
The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo (1985)
The Care Bears (1986–88)
The Flintstone Kids (1986–89)
The Real Ghostbusters (1986–91)
Pound Puppies (1986–87)
My Pet Monster (1987–88)
The New Adventures of Beany and Cecil (1988)
The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1988–1991)
A Pup Named Scooby-Doo (1988–93)
Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears (1989–90)
Beetlejuice (1989–92)
First-run live-action series
ABC Weekend Special (1977–97)
American Bandstand (1957–87)
Animals, Animals, Animals (1976–81)
Kids Are People Too (1978–82)
Menudo on ABC (1983–85)
ABC Funfit (1985)
ABC Fun Facts (1988)
Rebroadcasts
The Best of Scooby-Doo (1983–84)
The Bugs Bunny Show (1985–2000)
Scary Scooby Funnies (1984–85)
Scooby's Mystery Funhouse (1985–86)
Pink Panther and Sons (1986)
The Wuzzles (1986–87)
Schedules
1979–80
1980–81
1981–82
1982–83
1983–84
1984–85
1985–86
1986–87
1987–88
1988–89
1989–90
Related programming and topics
Animation in the United States in the television era
Modern animation in the United States
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turbo_Teen&oldid=812631164"
Categories:
1980s American animated television series
1984 American television series debuts
1985 American television series endings
American Broadcasting Company network shows
American children's animated science fiction television series
American superheroes
English-language television programs
Fictional automobiles
Ruby-Spears superheroes
Shapeshifting in fiction
Teen superhero television programs
Television series by Ruby-Spears
Television series by Warner Bros. Television
USA Cartoon Express
Hidden categories:
Articles lacking sources from August 2015
All articles lacking sources
Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2015
Articles needing additional references from May 2012
All articles needing additional references
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Français
Português
Edit links
This page was last edited on 28 November 2017, at 23:42.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: td

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Cartoon_series
mw-redirect
Cartoon series

values:
/wiki/Ruby-Spears_Productions
mw-redirect
Ruby-Spears Productions

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Saturday_morning_cartoon
mw-redirect
Saturday morning cartoon

values: 1984–85 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values:
/wiki/Television_series
mw-redirect
Television series

values:
/wiki/Pontiac_Trans_Am
mw-redirect
Pontiac Trans Am

values: The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (August 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template
margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;

values:
description
3
border-bottom:solid 3px #B0C4DE

values: Bill Martin (actor) (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Simpsons_Comics
mw-redirect
Simpsons Comics

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0211171/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.tv.com/shows/turbo-teen/
external text

values:
/wiki/Big_Cartoon_DataBase
mw-redirect
Big Cartoon DataBase

values: Template:Children's programming on the American Broadcasting Company in the 1980s

values: Template talk:Children's programming on the American Broadcasting Company in the 1980s

values: Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo (1979 TV series)

values: Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo (1980 TV series)

values: Mork & Mindy/Laverne & Shirley/Fonz Hour

values: Super Friends: The Legendary Super Powers Show

values: The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians

values: 1979–80 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1980–81 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1981–82 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1982–83 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1983–84 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1985–86 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1986–87 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1987–88 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1988–89 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: 1989–90 United States network television schedule (Saturday morning)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:1980s American animated television series

values: Category:1984 American television series debuts

values: Category:1985 American television series endings

values: Category:American Broadcasting Company network shows

values: Category:American children's animated science fiction television series

values: Category:Teen superhero television programs

values: Category:Television series by Ruby-Spears

values: Category:Television series by Warner Bros. Television

values: Category:Articles lacking sources from August 2015

values: Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2015

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from May 2012

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Turbo_Teen
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbolide
Turbolide – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Turbo_Teen rootpage-Turbo_Teen skin-vector action-view