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List of water deities
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A water deity is a deity in mythology associated with water or various bodies of water. Water deities are common in mythology and were usually more important among civilizations in which the sea or ocean, or a great river was more important. Another important focus of worship of water deities has been springs or holy wells.
As a form of animal worship, whales and snakes (hence dragons) have been regarded as godly deities throughout the world (other animals are such as turtles, fish, crabs, and sharks). In Asian lore, whales and dragons sometimes have connections.[1] Serpents are also common as a symbol or as serpentine deities, sharing many similarities with dragons.
Contents
[hide]
1 Aztec mythology
2 Ainu mythology
3 Armenian mythology
4 Australian aboriginal mythology
5 Benin mythology
6 Canaanite mythology
7 Celtic mythology
8 Chinese mythology
9 Dogon mythology
10 Egyptian mythology
11 Fon/Ewe mythology
12 Fijian mythology
13 Finnish mythology
14 Greek mythology
15 Hawaiian mythology
16 Hittite mythology
17 Hindu/Vedic mythology
18 Igbo mythology
19 Incan mythology
20 Inuit mythology
21 Japanese mythology
22 Korean mythology
23 Kyrgyz mythology
24 Lithuanian mythology
25 Luganda mythology
26 Lusitanian mythology
27 Māori mythology
28 Mayan mythology
29 Mesopotamian mythology
30 Micronesian mythology
31 Native American mythology
32 Norse/Germanic mythology
33 Persian/Zoroastrian mythology
34 Philippine mythology
35 Physiologus
36 Pirate lore
37 Roman mythology
38 Shilluk mythology
39 Slavic mythology
40 Indonesian Mythology
41 Island Nations mythology
42 Taíno mythology
43 Tonga mythology
44 Yoruba mythology
45 Vietnamese mythology
46 Viking lore
47 See also
48 References
Aztec mythology[edit]
Tlaloc, god of thunder, rain, and earthquakes.
Chalchiuhtlicue, goddess of water, lakes, rivers, seas, streams, horizontal waters, storms, and baptism.
Huixtocihuatl, goddess of salt.
Opochtli, god of fishing.
Tlaloques, gods of drops.
Tlaloquetotontli, goddess of the rivers.
Ainu mythology[edit]
Amemasu, monster in the lakes
Hoyau Kamui, or Oyau Kamui, Rapushinupurukuru, or Sakusomoai~epu, serpentine or dragon-like god with wings and stench (possessing both natures of evil god and guardian), master of Lake Tōya
Repun Kamui, god of the sea, often referring to orca
Armenian mythology[edit]
Anahita, the divinity of "the Waters" (Aban) and hence associated with fertility
Astghik, goddess of water sources
Tsovinar, goddess of seas and storms
Australian aboriginal mythology[edit]
Eingana, mother of all
Rainbow Serpents, creators of dreamtime
Ungud, serpent god bring fortunes
Wirnpa, creator of rain
Yurlungur, the copper serpent
Benin mythology[edit]
Ezili, goddess of sweet water, beauty, and love
Canaanite mythology[edit]
Lotan, sea monster
Yam (god), god of death for creatures in rivers and the sea
Celtic mythology[edit]
Acionna (Gaulish) - a water goddess/genius loci of the Orleanais region and the Essonne
Belisama, goddess of lakes and rivers, fire, crafts and light
Boann - goddess of the River Boyne (Irish)
Condatis, (Gaulish) - god of the River Wear and healing
Danu (Dana) - goddess of the Danube (Celtic overlords ruled Germanic tribes before Rome attacked Gaul). Later her name was added to the Tuath Dé.
Devi/Divi/Diva Danu generic Celtic goddess is also the goddess of the lake "Bala" (Welsh lake outflow) and "Tobah" (well) that has potentially migrated through the Pelasgian Asiatic migrations (see White Goddess R. Graves) with the earliest Celtic inhabitation of Europe. Became synonymous with "Cerridvyn" or Cerridwen in earliest Celtic Welsh traditions as the Goddess of the Cauldron (waters or lake well) of life. Celts were Sanantadharma Matriarchal religion, hence the similarity to Hindu and Balinese /Buddhist reference) - the Goddess in Sanantadharma was central figurehead (representative of dual cosmos) from formless and as with Hindu is not a true multi deity religion but monotheism that connects to central divinity through "demi-gods or angels" who represent Earthly realms of Diva (male Deva). The issue of Paganism came with patriarch and inquisition period enforcement.
Dylan Eil Ton (Welsh)
Grannus, a god associated with spas, the sun, fires and healing thermal and mineral springs
Lí Ban (Irish), water goddess
Lir (Irish), god of the sea
Llŷr (Welsh), god of the sea
Manannán mac Lir (Irish), god of the sea
Nantosuelta, river goddess of fire, the earth, healing, and fertility [2]
Nodens, god associated with healing, the sea, hunting and dogs
Sinann (Irish), goddess of the River Shannon
Sequana (Gaulish), goddess of the River Seine
Chinese mythology[edit]
Gonggong, red-haired dragon with the head of man, and water god who is responsible for the great floods, together with his associate, Xiang Yao
Mazu, goddess of the sea and protector of seafarers
Hebo, God of the Yellow River
Longmu, Goddess of the Xijiang River in the Lingnan area
Ehuang & Nuying, Goddesses of the Xiang River
Tam Kung, sea deity worshiped in Hong Kong and Macau with the ability to forecast weather
Honorable Kings of the Water Immortals (Shuixian Zunwang)
Yu the Great, tamer of China's Great Flood
Qu Yuan, Wu Zixu, and Xiang Yu, famous suicides lost in rivers
Han Ao or Lu Ban, the inventors
Dragon Kings of the Four Seas
Ao Kuang, Dragon King of the Eastern Sea
Ao Qin, Dragon King of the Southern Sea
Ao Run, Dragon King of the Western Sea
Ao Shun, Dragon King of the Northern Sea
Dogon mythology[edit]
Nommos, amphibious spirits that are worshipped as ancestors
Egyptian mythology[edit]
Hapi, God of the annual flooding of the Nile
Anuket, Goddess of the Nile, and nourisher of the fields
Nephthys, Goddess of rivers, death, mourning, the dead and night
Nu, uncreated God, personification of the primordial waters
Khnum, God of the Nile River
Satet, Goddess of the Nile River's floods
Sobek, God of the Nile river, depicted as a crocodile or a man with the head of a crocodile.
Tefnut, Goddess of water, moisture and fertility.
Osiris, God of the dead and afterlife. Originally god of water and vegetation.
Fon/Ewe mythology[edit]
Agwé, a sea loa
Mami Wata, a water loa
Clermeil, a river loa
Pie, a lake and river loa
Fijian mythology[edit]
Daucina, god of seafaring
Dakuwaqa, a shark god
Finnish mythology[edit]
Ahti, god of the depths and fish
Iku-Turso, a malevolent sea monster
Vedenemo, a goddess of water
Vellamo, the wife of Ahti, goddess of the sea, lakes and storms.
Greek mythology[edit]
Main article: Greek sea gods
Aegaeon, god of violent sea storms and ally of the Titans
Achelous, Greek river god
Akheilos, shark-shaped sea spirit
Alpheus, river god in Arcadia
Amphitrite, sea goddess and consort of Poseidon
Anapos, water god of eastern Sicily
Brizo, goddess of sailors
Carcinus, a giant crab who allied itself with the Hydra against Heracles. When it died, Hera placed it in the sky as the constellation Cancer
Ceto, goddess of the dangers of the ocean and of sea monsters
Charybdis, a sea monster and spirit of whirlpools and the tide
Cymopoleia, a daughter of Poseidon and goddess of giant storm waves
Delphin, the leader of the dolphins, Poseidon placed him in the sky as the constellation Delphinus
Doris, goddess of the sea's bounty and wife of Nereus
Eidothea, prophetic sea nymph and daughter of Proteus
Electra, an Oceanid, consort of Thaumas
Eurybia, goddess of the mastery of the seas
Galene (Γαλήνη), goddess of calm seas
Glaucus, the fisherman's sea god
Gorgons, three monstrous sea spirits
Stheno
Euryale
Medusa
The Graeae, three ancient sea spirits who personified the white foam of the sea; they shared one eye and one tooth between them
Hippocampi, the horses of the sea
The Ichthyocentaurs, a pair of centaurine sea-gods with the upper bodies of men, the lower fore-parts of horses, ending in the serpentine tails of fish
Bythos
Aphros
Ladon, a one hundred-headed sea serpent who guarded the western reaches of the sea, and the island and golden apples of the Hesperides
Leucothea, a sea goddess who aided sailors in distress
Nerites, watery consort of Aphrodite and/or beloved of Poseidon
Nereus, the old man of the sea, and the god of the sea's rich bounty of fish
Nymphs
Naiades, fresh water nymphs
Nereides, sea nymphs
Oceanides, Ocean water nymphs
Oceanus, Titan god of the Earth-encircling river Okeanos, the font of all the Earth's fresh-water
Pan, Patron God of fishing
Palaemon, a young sea god who aided sailors in distress
Phorcys, god of the hidden dangers of the deep
Pontus, primeval god of the sea, father of the fish and other sea creatures
Poseidon, Olympian God of the Oceans and king of the sea gods; also god of rivers, storms, flood and drought, earthquakes, and horses. He controlled every aspect of the seas. His Roman equivalent is Neptune.
Potamoi, deities of rivers, fathers of Naiads, brothers of the Oceanids, and as such, the sons of Oceanus and Tethys.
Proteus, a shape-shifting, prophetic old sea god, and the herdsman of Poseidon's seals
Psamathe, goddess of sand beaches
Scylla, a Nereid metamorphosed into a sea monster
The Sirens, three sea nymphs who lured sailors to their death with their song
The Telchines, sea spirits native to the island of Rhodes; the gods killed them when they turned to evil magic
Tethys, Titan goddess of the sources fresh-water, and the mother of the rivers (Potamoi), springs, streams, fountains and clouds
Thalassa, primordial goddess of the sea
Thaumas, god of the wonders of the sea and father of the Harpies and the rainbow goddess Iris
Thetis, leader of the Nereids who presided over the spawning of marine life in the sea, mother of Achilles
Triteia, daughter of Triton and companion of Ares
Triton, fish-tailed son and herald of Poseidon
Tritones, fish-tailed spirits in Poseidon's retinue
Hawaiian mythology[edit]
Kanaloa or Tangaroa, god of the ocean and magics and underworld with forms of cephalopod
Kamohoalii, shark god
Nāmaka, sea goddess
Navahine, literal translation "Woman/Goddess of the Sea". In creation story as primordial Goddess of waters of life she mated with Tane to form the world.
Ukupanipo, shark god who controls the amount of fish close enough for the fisherman to catch
Hittite mythology[edit]
Illuyanka, dragon of the ocean
Hindu/Vedic mythology[edit]
Varuna, the Lord of the All the Water Bodies
Apam Napat, god of fresh water, such as in rivers and lakes
Apah, god of fresh water, such as in rivers and lakes
Ap, group of water goddesses
Danu, goddess of primordial waters, mother of Vritra and the Danavas
Dewi Danu Goddess Danu of the lake and waters of life, Balinese Hinduism
Devi Vivyana A derivative of primordial cosmos Goddess of Life (as in Sumerian Inana) potentially of Sanantadharma Matriarchal and Rig Veda dual mergence of Goddess Privthvi (Earth) and Panjanya (Sky, Rain) as Dyavapṛthivi. Later, in Celtic French became Deviana, Covianna (Roman) or Vivienne - Goddess of (the waters of) Life as synchronous to Balinese Sanantadharma Dewi Danu and Dewi Kidul
Ganga goddess of the Ganges river and purity.
Makara, mystical creature of waters
Samundra, goddess of seas
Sarasvati, goddess of knowledge and Sarasvati river
Tapti, goddess of Tapti river
Tara[disambiguation needed], although primordial heavenly goddess (Tao) in Rigveda it is Sri Ati or Tara's tears (rain) that form the waters of Mother Ganges - sacred waters of life
Varuna, god of the water and the celestial ocean
Yami, goddess of Yamuna river
Igbo mythology[edit]
Idemili, a river alusi
Ogbuide, a lake alusi
Urashi, a river alusi
Oboshi river goddess
Incan mythology[edit]
Pariacaca, god of water and rainstorms
Paricia, god who sent a flood to kill humans who did not respect him adequately
Inuit mythology[edit]
Aipaloovik, an evil sea god associated with death and destruction
Alignak, a lunar deity and god of weather, water, tides, eclipses, and earthquakes
Arnapkapfaaluk, a fearsome sea goddess
Idliragijenget, god of the ocean
Nootaikok, god who presided over icebergs and glaciers
Sedna, goddess of the sea
Japanese mythology[edit]
See also: List of legendary creatures from Japan
Ebisu, god of fortunes and fishery, often being referred to marine megafaunas such as whales and whale sharks (hence being also called "Ebisu-shark")[3][4]
Hanzaki Daimyojin, gigantic Japanese giant salamander and master of the water
Kuraokami, one of Suijin
Mizuchi, Japanese dragon and sea god
Miwa Myojin or Omononushi-no-kami, serpentine deity of waters
Ōhoyamatsumi, god of mountains, sea and war
Ryūjin or Watatsumi, Japanese dragon and tutelary deity of the sea
Suijin, Shinto god of water
Sumiyoshi sanjin, god of ocean and sailing
Susanoo, Shinto god of storms and the sea
Watatsumi, dragon king and ocean god
Yamata no Orochi, serpentine monster but also regarded as an incarnation of violent river
Korean mythology[edit]
Imoogi or Imugi, giant serpents of Korean folklore which later become true dragons
King Munmu, a king who wished to become a dragon before his death to protect Korea from the East Sea
Dragon King, an undersea deity believed to determine the fortunes of fishermen and sailors
Kyrgyz mythology[edit]
Martuv, river goddess
Presno, god of storms
Lithuanian mythology[edit]
Atrimpas, god of the sea and water
Bangpūtys, god of sea and storm
Divytis, deified hero of fishermen's legends
Dugnė, nymph goddess of rivers
Ežerinis, god of lakes
Gardaitis, spirit of ships and sailors
Juratė, goddess of the sea
Laumė, goddess of wild spaces, including waters
Lietuvonis, god of rain
Neris, nymph goddess of the Neris River
Neringa, goddess of seacoasts
Upinė, goddess of rivers and water springs
Upinis Dievas, god of rivers
Luganda mythology[edit]
Sezibwa, goddess of the Sezibwa River
Lusitanian mythology[edit]
Bandua, theonym associated with fountains
Duberdicus, god of the sea and rivers
Durius, personification of the Douro river
Māori mythology[edit]
Ikatere, a fish god, the father of all the sea creatures including mermaids
Rongomai, a whale god.
Taniwha, deities or monsters (often take forms resembling to dragons)
Tangaroa, god of the sea
Tohora (Maori name for southern right whales), the great whale who saved legendary hero Paikea, famously known as the Whale Rider, (also the Maori name for humpback whales) from drowning and carried him to land. This led to the creation of New Zealand.
Kiva or Kiwa, directly linked to patriarchal God of the Ocean (Kiwa) in matriarchal form as Kiva or Anakiwa (Goddess of Primordial Ocean and (vault/cave of) Celestial Heavens), the strings of seaweed are said to be the floating strands of Kiva's hair - potentially linked to Hindu "Siva" and "Vishnu" - the Patriarchal Hindu versions
Nammu Nammu, Goddess of the lake, well or primordial waters (see Lake Nammunammu, Rangitikei New Zealand)
Mayan mythology[edit]
Chaac, god of rain
Mesopotamian mythology[edit]
Amathaunta, goddess of the ocean
Abzu, god of fresh water, father of all other gods
Asherah, Mother goddess whose title is "She Who Walks Upon the Sea"
Enbilulu, god of rivers and canals
Enki, god of water and of the River Tigris
Marduk, god associated with water, vegetation, judgment, and magic
Nammu, goddess of the primeval sea
Nanshe, goddess of Persian Gulf, social justice, prophecy, fertility and fishing
Sirsir, god of mariners and boatmen
Tiamat, goddess of salt water and chaos, also mother of all gods
Micronesian mythology[edit]
Latmikaik, ocean goddess in the region of Micronesia
Native American mythology[edit]
Ktchi at'husis and Weewilmekq, giant serpents or leeches in Mi'kmaq lore
Also, in Native Choctaw [5] (Origin: Mississippi, Removal to: Oklahoma) has Sinti Holo. Sinti Holo is a giant, horned serpent. He who sees this creature in times of fasting or pain, will be granted spiritual gifts.
Norse/Germanic mythology[edit]
Ægir, personification of the sea
Nine Daughters of Ægir, who personify the characteristics of waves
Mímir, god of the spring of Mímisbrunnr, which gives the drinker wisdom, from which Odin sacrificed an eye to drink
Rán, sea goddess of death who collects the drowned in a net
Njord, god of the sea, particularly of seafaring
Nehalennia, goddess of the North Sea
Nerthus, goddess of lakes, springs, and holy waters
Nix, water spirits who usually appear in human form
Sága, goddess in the form of a waterfall
Freyr, god of rain, sunlight, fertility, life, and summer
Tiddy Mun, a bog deity once worshipped in Lincolnshire, England who had the ability to control floods
Father Thames, personification of the River Thames in England
Persian/Zoroastrian mythology[edit]
Anahita, the divinity of 'the Waters' (Aban) and hence associated with fertility, healing and wisdom.
Tishtrya, Zoroastrian benevolent divinity associated with life-bringing rainfall and fertility.
Haurvatat, the Amesha Spenta associated with water, prosperity, and health in post-Gathic Zoroastrianism
Ahurani, Ahurani is a water goddess from ancient Persian mythology. She watches over rainfall as well as standing water. She was invoked for health, healing, prosperity, and growth. She is either the wife or the daughter of the great god of creation and goodness, Ahura Mazda. Her name means "She who belongs to Ahura".
Philippine mythology[edit]
Amanikable, ill- tempered god of the sea
Haik, another god of the sea
Amansinaya, goddess of fishermen
Sirena, mermaid
Siyokoy, merman
Magwayen, goddess of the sea and death
Lidagat, second goddess of the sea. Known as the daughter of Magwayen
Physiologus[edit]
Aspidochelone, colossal sea monster
Pirate lore[edit]
Davy Jones, the Devil of the seas
Roman mythology[edit]
Fontus, god of wells and springs
Juturna, goddess of fountains, wells, and springs
Neptune, King of the sea. Greek counterpart: Poseidon
Salacia, Neptune's queen
Tiberinus, the genius of the river Tiber.
Volturnus, god of the waters
Coventina, Goddess of a sacred spring at Carrawburgh, on Hadrian's Wall
Shilluk mythology[edit]
Nyakaio, river goddess
Slavic mythology[edit]
Nepra, river goddess of the Dneiper River
Bolotnik, swamp demon.
Bolotnitsa (or omutnitsa, or lopatnitsa), a female swamp ghost, similar to rusalka. They are discribed as a beautiful young girls with pale skin, brown or black hair and a goose legs instead of the normal legs.
Czar Morskoy, god of the sea
Chernava, a mermaid, Czar Morskoy's daughter (or relative).
Vodyanoi, water demon who lived in lakes and rivers
Rusalki, female ghosts, water nymphs, succubi or mermaid-like demons that dwell in waterways.
Kostroma, goddess of fertility. After discovering that her husband, Kupala, is her brother, she jumped into the forest lake (in other legends into the river Ra). After her death she became a mavka (or rusalka).
Veles, god of earth, waters, and the underworld
Perepllut (rus. Переплу́т), god of alcohol and rivers
Mokosh, moistness, lady of waters, goddess of moisture
Mati-syra-zemla, moist mother, also the earth goddess
Sur-mumy, mother of the river
Viz-Anya, water mother (Hungarian - Finno-Ugraic)
Viz-Leany, water maiden (Hungarian - Finno-Ugraic)
Vu-ava, water woman
Vut-kuva, water grandmother
Ziimarzla, snow goddess
Indonesian Mythology[edit]
Nyi Roro Kidul, goddess of the south Javanese sea
Island Nations mythology[edit]
Agunua, serpentine god of the sea of Solomon Islands
Ayida-Weddo, serpentine spirit among several island nations
Taíno mythology[edit]
Atabey (goddess), Mother goddess of fresh water and fertility. Female counterpart of the god Yúcahu.
Tonga mythology[edit]
Nyami Nyami, a river spirit of the BaTonga of Zambia and Zimbabwe
Yoruba mythology[edit]
Yemoja, an ocean orisha
Oshun, a river orisha
Olokun, an ocean orisha
Vietnamese mythology[edit]
Lạc Long Quân, legendary ancestor of Vietnamese people.
Cá Ông (Vietnamese name for blue whales, also dolphins and whale sharks in some cases), king of the sea and patron of fishermen.
Viking lore[edit]
Raudkembingur, a demonic whale with red hair
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Water deities.
Holy wells
Nadi (yoga)
Nature worship
Sea monster
Water chakra
Water spirit
References[edit]
Jump up ^ 謝婧, 下園知弥, 宮崎克則 (2015). "明清時代の中国における鯨資源の利用" (pdf). 西南学院大 学博物館研究紀要 第3号. Seinan Gakuin University: 9–14. Retrieved 2016-01-16. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
Jump up ^ https://journeyingtothegoddess.wordpress.com/2012/02/11/goddess-nantosuelta/
Jump up ^ 村上健司編著 (2005). 日本妖怪大事典. Kwai books. 角川書店. p. 182. ISBN 978-4-04-883926-6.
Jump up ^ 大藤時彦他 (1955). 民俗学研究所編, ed. 綜合日本民俗語彙. 第2巻. 柳田國男 監修. 平凡社. p. 763.
Jump up ^ http://www.native-languages.org/morelegends/sint-holo.htm
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Time's Arrow (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Time’s Arrow"
Star Trek: The Next Generation episode
Data ponders his mortality
Episode no.
Season 5 & 6
Episode 26 & 1
Directed by
Les Landau
Story by
Joe Menosky
Teleplay by
Joe Menosky (Part I)
Michael Piller (Part I)
Jeri Taylor (Part II)
Featured music
Dennis McCarthy
Production code
226 & 227
Original air date
June 15, 1992 (1992-06-15)
September 21, 1992 (1992-09-21)
Guest appearance(s)
Whoopi Goldberg - Guinan
Jerry Hardin - Samuel Clemens
Michael Aron - Jack London
Barry Kivel - Doorman
Ken Thorley - Seaman
Sheldon Peters Wolfchild - Joe Falling Hawk
Jack Murdock - Beggar
Marc Alaimo - Frederick La Rouque
Milt Tarver - Federation Scientist
Majel Barrett - Computer voice
Michael Hungerford - Roughneck
Pamela Kosh - Mrs Carmichael
James Gleason - Apollinaire
Mary Stein - Devidian woman
William Boyett - San Francisco policeman
Alexander Enberg - Young reporter
Bill Cho Lee - Male patient
Episode chronology
← Previous
"The Inner Light" Next →
"Realm of Fear"
List of Star Trek: The Next Generation episodes
"Time’s Arrow" comprises the 126th and 127th episodes overall, and 26th episode of the fifth season and first episode of the sixth season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation. A two-part episode of Star Trek: TNG, the first episode was a cliffhanger season finale for the fifth season and the second episode was the premiere for the sixth season.
The second-part of the episode was nominated for three Creative Arts Emmy Awards, winning two: Outstanding Individual Achievement in Costume Design for a Series, and Outstanding Individual Achievement in Hairstyling for a Series.[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
1.1 Part 1
1.2 Part 2
2 Time travel analysis
3 Reception
3.1 Awards
3.2 Critical response
4 Release
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Part 1[edit]
The Enterprise is recalled to Earth on a priority mission pertaining to evidence of aliens on the planet 500 years ago. They are shown a cavern near Starfleet Headquarters in San Francisco containing relics of the 19th century, and the severed head of Data. The Enterprise crew finds evidence pointing to a race of shapeshifters and cellular fossils native to the planet of Devidia II. Taking Data's second head, the Enterprise travels to the planet, and discovers a temporal disturbance on the planet. Though no life forms are visible, Troi senses the presence of suffering humans, and the crew work out that the aliens are slightly out of phase with time. Data notes that his android body has a phase discriminator that would allow him to see the aliens, and Captain Picard reluctantly allows him to do so. Data, once in phase with the aliens, describes them to the crew as absorbing strands of light from a device in the center of the cavern but otherwise appear benign. However, as he observes, two aliens enter a time portal that he is drawn into; Data finds himself on Earth in San Francisco in the late 19th century.
Data quickly surmises that he needs money to operate, and is able to win a sizable amount beating card sharks at their own game in poker. Taking residence in a local hotel, Data claims to be a French inventor, befriending the bellhop (the future author Jack London) for help in acquiring parts to build a detector to find the aliens, using 19th century technology.
Data finds Guinan the bartender from the Enterprise in a newspaper photo, and goes to a reception she will be attending. As she is speaking with Samuel Clemens (better known by his pen name, Mark Twain, played by Jerry Hardin), Data attempts to ask her questions about the future believing her to have followed him back in time, but discovers that she is native to 1893 and has yet to meet the Enterprise crew; Data's language intrigues Clemens and he begins to follow Data and Guinan around.
Meanwhile, the Enterprise crew has determined how to build a similar phase discriminator to allow them to also see the aliens and go back in time to rescue Data. Guinan urges Picard to go along with the away team as, otherwise, they will have never met in the past and could change history. Picard and the rest of the away team activate the phase discriminator and see the same aliens as Data described, but discover that the strands of light they are consuming are human life forces, taken at the moment of death. The away team uses the time portal to travel back to the past to put a stop to the aliens.
Part 2[edit]
Arriving in 1893, the away team quickly locates Data, who explains the current situation. Using Data's device, the team, followed by Guinan and Samuel Clemens are able to follow the alien shapeshifters to the same cavern near San Francisco, where they discover that the aliens have travelled to the 19th century to take advantage of a cholera outbreak, draining the life force from humans in infected areas to give the impression that their deaths were the result of an epidemic. In an ensuing struggle over a cane-like device used to open the portal, Data's head is detached from his body and left in 1893, and Guinan is injured. As Picard tends to Guinan, the rest of the away team, carrying Data's body which continues to grasp the cane device, follow one of the aliens to the future, with Clemens also following them. Picard learns from the other alien that should the Enterprise destroy their base in the 24th century, the strength of the time shift will be amplified, potentially devastating 19th-century Earth. Picard places a binary message using iron filings in Data's static memory to leave instructions for his crew in the future.
In the 24th century, Geordi La Forge reattaches Data's 500-year-old head onto his body, and Data discovers Picard's message. Data and LaForge devise a way of putting photon torpedoes in phase with the alien habitat, and therefore avoiding the amplification of the time shift effect, whilst Riker decides to attempt to rescue Picard. As studies of the cane device reveal that, due to instability of the portal, only one person would be able to return from the 19th century, Clemens offers to go back to save Picard. Clemens returns to the cavern in the 19th century, giving Picard a device to operate the time portal himself, and offering to tend to Guinan's wounds. Picard thanks Clemens, and explains that he wishes he could have gotten to know him better, but Clemens points out that his personality is written into his books. Picard returns to the future just as Riker orders Worf to fire the reconfigured torpedoes at the habitat, and is beamed out just in time.
Time travel analysis[edit]
In his 2012 book Time Travel, author David Wittenberg wrote favorably of the depiction of the logic of time travel in the episode: "Star Trek's 'Time's Arrow' is both cognizant and respectful of … physical theory, offering a time travel loop in which causal order is not upset, or, in other words, in which no strictly logical paradoxes ensue."[3]
Reception[edit]
Awards[edit]
The second-part of the episode was nominated for three Creative Arts Emmy Awards, winning two:
Year
Award
Category
Nominee
Episode
Result
Ref(s)
1993 Creative Arts Emmy Award Outstanding Individual Achievement in Costume Design for a Series Robert Blackman "Time's Arrow, Part II" Won [1]
Outstanding Individual Achievement in Hairstyling for a Series Joy Zapata, Candace Neal, Patricia Miller, Laura Connolly, Richard Sabre, Julia L. Walker, Josée Normand "Time's Arrow, Part II" Won [1][2]
Outstanding Individual Achievement in Sound Editing for a Series Bill Wistrom, James Wolvington, Miguel Rivera, Masanobu 'Tomi' Tomita, Guy Tsujimoto, Jeff Gersh, Dan Yale, Gerry Sackman "Time's Arrow, Part II" Nominated [4]
Critical response[edit]
Writing for The Deseret News, television editor Scott D. Pierce found the first part of the story "fresh and intriguing".[5] Wired asked readers to select which episodes of the series were their favorites, and "Time's Arrow" was highlighted in their resultant article.[6]
Release[edit]
Star Trek The Next Generation DVD set, volume 5, disc 7, selection 2.
Star Trek The Next Generation DVD set, volume 6, disc 1, selection 1.
See also[edit]
Star Trek portal
Roswell That Ends Well
Carbon Creek (Star Trek: Enterprise)
The City on the Edge of Forever
Little Green Men (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Franks, Don (2004). Entertainment Awards: A Music, Cinema, Theatre and Broadcasting Guide, 1928 Through 2003. McFarland. p. 443. ISBN 978-0786417988.
^ Jump up to: a b Elber, Lynn (September 20, 1993). "Winners presented with Emmys in creative arts categories Saturday". Sun Journal. Associated Press. p. 14 – via Google News Archive. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Wittenberg, David (2012). Time Travel. Fordham University Press. p. 154. ISBN 978-0823249961.
Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian (July 23, 1993). "Cable ups the Emmy ante: 76 noms". Variety. Archived from the original on October 9, 2015. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ Pierce, Scott D. (September 26, 1992). "'Star Trek: The Next Generation' beams down for its sixth season". The Deseret News. pp. D13 – via Google News Archive. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Thill, Scott (October 19, 2012). "Best Star Trek: The Next Generation Episodes, According to You". Wired. Archived from the original on March 15, 2015. Retrieved October 9, 2015.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Time's Arrow
"Time's Arrow, Part I" on IMDb
"Time's Arrow, Part II" on IMDb
"Time's Arrow, Part I" at TV.com
"Time's Arrow, Part II" at TV.com
Time's Arrow, Part I at Memory Alpha (a Star Trek wiki)
Time's Arrow, Part II at Memory Alpha (a Star Trek wiki)
Time's Arrow, Part I at StarTrek.com
Time's Arrow, Part II at StarTrek.com
[show]
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Star Trek time travel stories
Star Trek: The Original Series
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"Cause and Effect"
"The First Duty"
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"Time's Arrow, Part I"
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Eugenia Charles
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Dame Eugenia Charles
DBE
2nd Prime Minister of Dominica
In office
21 July 1980 – 14 June 1995
President
Aurelius Marie
Clarence Seignoret
Crispin Sorhaindo
Preceded by
Oliver Seraphin
Succeeded by
Edison James
Personal details
Born
(1919-05-15)15 May 1919
Pointe Michel, Dominica
Died
6 September 2005(2005-09-06) (aged 86)
Fort-de-France, Martinique
Political party
Freedom Party
Alma mater
University of Toronto
London School of Economics
Dame Mary Eugenia Charles, DBE (15 May 1919 – 6 September 2005) was a Dominican politician who was Prime Minister of Dominica from 21 July 1980 until 14 June 1995. She was Dominica's first, and to date only, female prime minister, as well as the nation's longest-serving prime minister. She was the second female prime minister in the Caribbean after Lucina da Costa of the Netherlands Antilles, and the first woman elected in her own right as head of government in the Americas. She was the world's third longest-serving female Prime Minister, behind Indira Gandhi of India and Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka, and the world's longest continuously serving female Prime Minister ever. Charles was also Dominica's first female lawyer.
Contents
[hide]
1 Personal life
2 Political career
3 Later years and death
4 See also
5 References
6 Further reading
7 External links
Personal life[edit]
Daughter of John B. and Josephine (née Delauney) Charles,[1] Charles was born in the fishing village of Pointe Michel in Saint Luke parish, to a "coloured bourgeoise" family.[2]
She attended Convent School in Dominica, then the island's only girls' secondary school, and became interested in law while working at the colonial magistrate's court.[2] She worked for many years as assistant to Alastair Forbes. She attended the University of Toronto in Canada, before moving to the United Kingdom to attend the London School of Economics. She was a member of the sorority Sigma Gamma Rho. She passed the bar and returned to Dominica, where she became the island's first female lawyer, establishing a practice specialising in property law.[2]
Charles never married nor had children. In 1991 she was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire.[2]
Political career[edit]
Charles meets with American President Ronald Reagan in the White House's Oval Office about ongoing events in Grenada
Charles began campaigning in politics during the 1960s against restrictions on press freedom. She helped to found the Dominica Freedom Party (DFP), and was its leader from the early 1970s until 1995.[2] She was elected to the House of Assembly in 1970 and became Opposition Leader in 1975.[2] She continued serving after Dominica gained full independence from British rule in 1978.
Charles became Prime Minister when the DFP swept the 1980 elections, the party's first electoral victory.[3] She took over from Oliver Seraphin, who had himself only taken over the year before after mass protests had forced the country's first prime minister, Patrick John, to step down from office. She additionally served as Dominica's Foreign Minister from 1980 to 1990,[4] and also served as chairperson of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS).[5]
In 1981 she faced two attempted coups d'état. That year Frederick Newton, commander of the Military of Dominica, organised an attack on the police headquarters in Roseau, resulting in the death of a police officer.[6] Newton and five other soldiers were found guilty in the attack and sentenced to death in 1983. The five accomplices sentences' were later commuted to life in prison, but Newton was executed in 1986.[6]
In 1981, a group of Canadian and American mercenaries, mostly affiliated with white supremacist and Ku Klux Klan groups, planned a coup to restore former Prime Minister Patrick John to power. The attempt, which the conspirators codenamed Operation Red Dog, was thwarted by American federal agents in New Orleans, Louisiana, and was soon facetiously dubbed the "Bayou of Pigs" after the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion.[7]
Charles became more widely known to the outside world for her role in the lead-up to the United States Invasion of Grenada. In the wake of the arrest and execution of Grenadian Prime Minister Maurice Bishop, Charles, then serving as chair of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States, appealed to the United States, Jamaica, and Barbados for intervention.[2] She later appeared on television with U.S. president Ronald Reagan, supporting the invasion. Journalist Bob Woodward has detailed that millions of US dollars were paid to the Dominica Government by the US, some of which was regarded by the CIA as a 'payoff' for Mrs. Charles's support for the US intervention in Grenada.[8]
Charles and her party were considered conservative by Caribbean standards. However, many of her policies appeared centrist or even leftist by American standards; for instance, she did support some social welfare programmes. Other issues that were important to her were anti-corruption measures and individual freedom.[original research?] For her uncompromising stance on this and other issues, she became known as the "Iron Lady of the Caribbean" (after the original "Iron Lady", Margaret Thatcher).[9]
Later years and death[edit]
Her popularity declined during her third term, and she announced her retirement in 1995. The DFP subsequently lost the 1995 elections.[3] After retiring, she undertook speaking engagements in the United States and abroad, and became involved in former U.S. President Jimmy Carter's Carter Center, which promotes human rights and observes elections. On 30 August 2005, Charles was taken to a hospital in Fort-de-France, Martinique, for hip-replacement surgery and died from a pulmonary embolism on 6 September at 86 years of age.[9][3]
See also[edit]
First women lawyers around the world
References[edit]
Jump up ^ The International Who's Who 2004. Psychology Press. 2003. p. 302. ISBN 9781857432176.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Pattullo, Polly (8 September 2005). "Obituary: Dame Eugenia Charles". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 August 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c Goldman, Lawrence (2013-03-07). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 2005-2008. OUP Oxford. p. 210. ISBN 9780199671540.
Jump up ^ Current Biography Yearbook. H. W. Wilson Co. 1986-01-01. p. 89.
Jump up ^ Henry, Steinberg (2014-01-16). Calypso Drift. 57: Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 9781493154661.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ex-Commander Hanged For Dominica Coup Role". The New York Times. Associated Press. 9 August 1986. Retrieved 26 August 2009.
Jump up ^ Crask, Paul (2011-01-01). Dominica. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 15. ISBN 9781841623566.
Jump up ^ Bob Woodward. Veil: the Secret Wars of the CIA 1981-1987, New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987, pp. 290, 300.
^ Jump up to: a b Company, Johnson Publishing (2005-10-10). Jet. Johnson Publishing Company. p. 17.
Further reading[edit]
Times-Eugenia-Charles/dp/1450709737 Gabriel J. Christian, Mamo! The Life & Times of Dame Mary Eugenia Charles], Pont Casse Press, 2010.
"Memorial Mass for Dame Eugenia", The Chronicle, 11 September 2009.
Torild Skard (2014) 'Eugenia Charles' "Women of power - half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide" Bristol: Policy Press ISBN 978-1-44731-578-0
External links[edit]
Caricom Biography
"MAMO: Profiling Eugenia Charles", CaribNation interview with Gabriel J. Christian on YouTube.
Political offices
Preceded by
Oliver Seraphin Prime Minister of Dominica
1980–1995 Succeeded by
Edison James
[show]
v
t
e
Heads of government of Dominica
Chief Ministers (1960–1967)
Baron
LeBlanc
Premiers (1967–1978)
LeBlanc
John
Prime Ministers (1978–)
John
Seraphin
E. Charles
James
Douglas
P. Charles
Riviere
Skerrit
Acting officeholders shown in italics
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 263799718
LCCN: n84038739
ISNI: 0000 0000 2657 1435
SUDOC: 091965683
IATH: w6vz5mch
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eugenia_Charles&oldid=810915077"
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