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History of time in the United States
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1913
Map of U.S. time zones between April 2, 2006 and March 11, 2007. The current situation is different only in that six Indiana counties have since been moved from the Central time zone to the Eastern time zone.
The history of standard time in the United States began November 18, 1883, when United States and Canadian railroads instituted standard time in time zones. Before then, time of day was a local matter, and most cities and towns used some form of local solar time, maintained by some well-known clock (for example, on a church steeple or in a jeweler's window). The new standard time system was not immediately embraced by all.
Use of standard time gradually increased because of its obvious practical advantages for communication and travel. Standard time in time zones was not established in U.S. law until the Standard Time Act of 1918 of March 19, 1918, also known as the Calder Act (15 USC 260).[1][2] The act also established daylight saving time, itself a contentious idea.
Daylight saving time was repealed in 1919, but standard time in time zones remained in law, with the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) having the authority over time zone boundaries. Daylight time became a local matter. It was re-established nationally early in World War II, and was continuously observed until the end of the war.
After the war its use varied among states and localities. The Uniform Time Act of 1966 provided standardization in the dates of beginning and end of daylight time in the U.S. but allowed for local exemptions from its observance. The act also continued the authority of the ICC over time zone boundaries. In subsequent years, the United States Congress transferred the authority over time zones to the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT), modified (several times) the beginning date of daylight time, and renamed the three westernmost time zones.
Time zone boundaries have changed greatly since their original introduction and changes still occasionally occur. DOT issues press releases when these changes are made. Generally, time zone boundaries have tended to shift westward. Places on the eastern edge of a time zone can effectively move sunset an hour later (by the clock) by shifting to the time zone immediately to their east.
If they do so, the boundary of that zone is locally shifted to the west; the accumulation of such changes results in the long-term westward trend. The process is not inexorable, however, since the late sunrises experienced by such places during the winter may be regarded as too undesirable. Furthermore, under the law, the principal standard for deciding on a time zone change is the "convenience of commerce". Proposed time zone changes have been both approved and rejected based on this criterion, although most such proposals have been accepted.
Contents
[hide]
1 War Time 1918 and 1942
2 Daylight Saving Time 1945 to 1966
3 DST 1966
4 DST 2007
5 Start and end dates of United States Daylight Saving Time
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
War Time 1918 and 1942[edit]
"War Time" redirects here. This usage refers to the changes of the US War Time Act, not a general period of war.
Daylight saving time was established by the Standard Time Act of 1918. The Act was intended to save electricity for seven months of the year, during World War I.[3] DST was repealed in 1919 over a Presidential veto,[4] but standard time in time zones remained in law, with the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) having the authority over time zone boundaries. Daylight time became a local matter.
During World War II, Congress enacted the War Time Act (56 Stat. 9) on January 20, 1942. Year-round DST was reinstated in the United States on February 9, 1942, again as a wartime measure to conserve energy resources.[5] This remained in effect until after the end of the war. The Amendment to the War Time Act (59 Stat. 537), enacted September 25, 1945, ended DST as of September 30, 1945. During this period, the official designation War Time was used for year-round DST. For example, Eastern War Time (EWT) would be the equivalent of Eastern Daylight Time during this period.
Daylight Saving Time 1945 to 1966[edit]
From 1945 to 1966 U.S. federal law did not address DST. States and cities were free to observe DST or not, and most places that did observe DST did so from the last Sunday in April to the last Sunday in September. In the mid-1950s many areas in the northeastern United States began extending DST to the last Sunday in October. The lack of standardization led to a patchwork where some areas observed DST while adjacent areas did not, and it was not unheard of to have to reset a clock several times during a short trip (e.g., bus drivers operating on West Virginia Route 2 between Moundsville, West Virginia, and Steubenville, Ohio had to reset their watches seven times over 35 miles).[6]
In summer 1960 April–October Daylight Time was nearly universal in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Delaware and states east and north of there. In Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kentucky and Virginia and states north and east of there, some areas had it and some did not. Except for California and Nevada, which had April-Sept Daylight Time, 99% of the rest of the country used Standard Time year-round. (The Official Guide says "State law prohibits the observance of "Daylight Saving" time in Kentucky but Anchorage, Louisville and Shelbyville will advance their clocks one hour from Central Standard time for the period April 24 to October 29, inclusive.")
In the middle 1960s the airline and other transportation industries lobbied for uniformity of Daylight dates in the United States.
DST 1966[edit]
The U.S. federal Uniform Time Act became law on April 13, 1966 and it mandated that DST begin nationwide on the last Sunday in April and end on the last Sunday in October, effective in 1967. The act explicitly preempted all previously enacted state laws related to the beginning and ending of DST effective in 1966. Any state that wanted to be exempt from DST could do so by passing a state law, provided that it exempted the entire state, and Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Indiana, and Michigan chose to do so. However, Alaska, Indiana, and Michigan subsequently chose to observe DST. The law was amended in 1972 to permit states that straddle a time zone boundary to exempt the entire area of the state lying in one time zone. Indiana chose to exempt the portion of the state lying in the Eastern Time Zone; however, that exemption was eliminated in 2006 and the entire state of Indiana now observes DST, leaving Arizona (with the exception of the Navajo Nation) and Hawaii as the only two states not to observe DST. On July 8, 1986, President Ronald Reagan signed the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1986 into law that contained a daylight saving rider authored by Senator Slade Gorton (R-WA).[3] The starting date of DST was amended to the first Sunday in April effective in 1987. DST continued to end on the last Sunday in October. While the states retain the capability to exempt themselves from DST, they are forbidden by the 1966 federal law (15 USC 260a(b))[7] from increasing a state's time spent on DST, unless the United States Congress does this for the entire nation.
In response to the 1973 energy crisis, DST in the United States began earlier in both 1974 and 1975, commencing on the first Sunday in January (January 6) in the former year and the last Sunday in February (February 23) in the latter. The extension of daylight saving time was not continued due to public opposition to late sunrise times during the winter months. In 1976, the United States reverted to the schedule set in the Uniform Time Act.
DST 2007[edit]
Starting March 11, 2007, DST was extended another four to five weeks, from the second Sunday of March to the first Sunday of November. The change was introduced by Representatives Fred Upton (R-MI) and Edward Markey (D-MA) and added to the Energy Policy Act of 2005; the House had originally approved a motion that would have extended DST even farther from the first Sunday in March to the last Sunday in November, but Senators Jeff Bingaman (D-NM) and Pete Domenici (R-NM) agreed to scale back the proposal in conference committee due to complaints from farmers and the airline industry. Proponents claimed that the extension would save "the equivalent of" 10,000 barrels (1,600 m3) of oil per day, but this figure was based on U.S. Department of Energy information from the 1970s, the accuracy and relevance of which the DoE no longer stands by. Later studies by the U.S. Department of Energy and the California Energy Commission have predicted much smaller energy benefits.[8] There is very little recent research on what the actual positive effects, if any, might be.
Since DST moves sunrise one hour later by the clock, late sunrise times become a problem when DST is observed either too far before the vernal equinox or too far after the autumnal equinox. Because of this, the extension was greeted with criticism by those concerned for the safety of children who would have been forced to travel to school before sunrise, especially in the month of March. In addition, the airline industry was especially concerned if DST were to be extended through to the last Sunday in November, as this is very often (6 out of every 7 years) the Sunday after Thanksgiving. This is one of the busiest travel days at American airports, and could have resulted in much havoc among travelers who forgot that the clocks were changing that day.
If the original proposal to extend DST through the last Sunday in November had been adopted, the entire United States, with the exception of the states that exempted themselves, would have experienced the latest sunrises of the year during the month of November, which would have approached the extremely late sunrise times when DST went into effect on January 6, 1974 due to the 1973 energy crisis creeping after 9 am in places like New Salem, North Dakota at the northwestern edges of time zones.
Start and end dates of United States Daylight Saving Time[edit]
Key to colors
future date
2nd Sunday March 1st Sunday November
1st Sunday April last Sunday October
last Sunday April last Sunday October
Year
Begins (local)
Ends (local)
Notes
2020
Sun March 8 02:00 Sun November 1 02:00
2019
Sun March 10 02:00 Sun November 3 02:00
2018
Sun March 11 02:00 Sun November 4 02:00
2017
Sun March 12 02:00 Sun November 5 02:00
2016
Sun March 13 02:00 Sun November 6 02:00
2015
Sun March 8 02:00 Sun November 1 02:00
2014
Sun March 9 02:00 Sun November 2 02:00
2013
Sun March 10 02:00 Sun November 3 02:00
2012
Sun March 11 02:00 Sun November 4 02:00
2011
Sun March 13 02:00 Sun November 6 02:00
2010
Sun March 14 02:00 Sun November 7 02:00
2009
Sun March 8 02:00 Sun November 1 02:00
2008
Sun March 9 02:00 Sun November 2 02:00
2007
Sun March 11 02:00 Sun November 4 02:00 Energy Policy Act of 2005
2006
Sun April 2 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00 All of Indiana now on DST
2005
Sun April 3 02:00 Sun October 30 02:00
2004
Sun April 4 02:00 Sun October 31 02:00
2003
Sun April 6 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00
2002
Sun April 7 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00
2001
Sun April 1 02:00 Sun October 28 02:00
2000
Sun April 2 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00
1999
Sun April 4 02:00 Sun October 31 02:00
1998
Sun April 5 02:00 Sun October 25 02:00
1997
Sun April 6 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00
1996
Sun April 7 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00
1995
Sun April 2 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00
1994
Sun April 3 02:00 Sun October 30 02:00
1993
Sun April 4 02:00 Sun October 31 02:00
1992
Sun April 5 02:00 Sun October 25 02:00
1991
Sun April 7 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00
1990
Sun April 1 02:00 Sun October 28 02:00
1989
Sun April 2 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00
1988
Sun April 3 02:00 Sun October 30 02:00
1987
Sun April 5 02:00 Sun October 25 02:00 Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1986
1986
Sun April 27 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00
1985
Sun April 28 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00
1984
Sun April 29 02:00 Sun October 28 02:00
1983
Sun April 24 02:00 Sun October 30 02:00 Alaska time zones changed Sun October 30 02:00
1982
Sun April 25 02:00 Sun October 31 02:00
1981
Sun April 26 02:00 Sun October 25 02:00
1980
Sun April 27 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00
1979
Sun April 29 02:00 Sun October 28 02:00
1978
Sun April 30 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00
1977
Sun April 24 02:00 Sun October 30 02:00
1976
Sun April 25 02:00 Sun October 31 02:00
1975
Sun February 23 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00 Emergency Daylight Time Act
Michigan exempted, began DST Sun April 27 02:00
1974
Sun January 6 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00 Emergency Daylight Time Act
Southern Idaho and eastern Oregon (Mountain time zone)
began DST Sun February 3 02:00
1973
Sun April 29 02:00 Sun October 28 02:00 All of Michigan now on DST
1972
Sun April 30 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00
1971
Sun April 25 02:00 Sun October 31 02:00 Indiana (Eastern time zone) opts out
1970
Sun April 26 02:00 Sun October 25 02:00
1969
Sun April 27 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00 All of Alaska and Indiana now on DST
1968
Sun April 28 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00 Arizona and Michigan opt out
1967
Sun April 30 02:00 Sun October 29 02:00 Uniform Time Act of 1966
Alaska, Hawaii, Indiana and territories opt out
1966
Sun April 24 02:00 Sun October 30 02:00 Uniform Time Act of 1966 required states that used DST in 1966 to conform to last Sunday in April to last Sunday in October
1946–65
Local decision, various dates
1945
Sun September 30 02:00 War Time ends
1944
War Time all year
Arizona War Time not observed Sat January 1 02:00–Sat April 1 02:00
Arizona War Time ends Sat September 30 02:00[9]
1943
War Time all year
1942
Mon February 9 02:00 War Time begins year round
1920–41
Local decision, various dates
1919
Sun March 30 02:00 Sun October 26 02:00 War Time ends
1918
Sun March 31 02:00 Sun October 27 02:00 War Time begins summer only
See also[edit]
Time in the United States
Time in Indiana
Daylight saving time in the United States - gives a list of future daylight saving dates
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ United States statutes at large: containing the laws and concurrent resolutions enacted during the second session of the one hundred fifth congress of the United States of America 1998 and proclamations. Government Printing Office. 1999. p. 599.
Jump up ^ History of Daylight Time in the U.S., United States Naval Observatory
^ Jump up to: a b A Time-Change Timeline, National Public Radio, March 8, 2007
Jump up ^ An Act For the repeal of the daylight-saving law, Pub.L. 66–40, 41 Stat. 280, enacted August 20, 1919
Jump up ^ 24/7: A Resource Guide to the Law of Time Standards" Archived 2006-06-18 at the Wayback Machine., June 3, 2002
Jump up ^ Daylight Saving Time: Early adoption in law
Jump up ^ 15 USC 260a
Jump up ^ Energy Concerns Push Clocks Forward this Weekend by Nell Boyce. Morning Edition, National Public Radio, 9 March 2007.
Jump up ^ Daylight Saving Time in Arizona
References[edit]
Prerau, David. Seize the Daylight: The Curious and Contentious Story of Daylight Saving Time (Thunder’s Mouth Press; ISBN 1-56025-655-9) Discusses the establishment of standard time and daylight saving time.
External links[edit]
U.S. Navy time zone page
Standard Time Zone Boundaries 49CFR71
U.S. Law 15USC260-267
History of Daylight Saving Time at WebExhibits
Congressional Research on Daylight Saving Time
History of DST in Arizona
A Resource Guide to the Law of Time Standards
1918 and 1942 Acts
Indiana Time Zone Article
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text:
Steve DeBerg
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This article may require copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling. You can assist by editing it. (April 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Steve DeBerg
No. 17
Position:
Quarterback
Personal information
Born:
(1954-01-19) January 19, 1954 (age 64)
Oakland, California
Height:
6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
Weight:
210 lb (95 kg)
Career information
High school:
Anaheim (CA) Savanna
College:
San Jose State
Fullerton College
NFL Draft:
1977 / Round: 10 / Pick: 275
Career history
As player:
Dallas Cowboys (1977)*
San Francisco 49ers (1977–1980)
Denver Broncos (1981–1983)
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1984–1987)
Kansas City Chiefs (1988–1991)
Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1992–1993)
Miami Dolphins (1993)
Atlanta Falcons (1998)
* Offseason and/or practice squad member only
As coach:
Indiana Firebirds (2004)
(Head Coach)
Tampa Bay Storm (2004)
(Quarterback coach)
Career highlights and awards
All-PCAA (1976)
Pacific Coast Athletic Association Offensive Player of the Year (1976)
Led the NFL in Completions in 1979
Set NFL single-season record for lowest interception percentage in 1990
NFC Champion 1998
Career NFL statistics
TD–INT:
196–204
Yards:
34,241
QB Rating:
74.2
Player stats at NFL.com
Player stats at PFR
Steven Leroy "Steve" DeBerg (born January 19, 1954) is a retired American football player. He was a professional quarterback in the National Football League for 21 years.
Contents
1 Early Life
2 Playing career
2.1 Kansas City Chiefs
2.2 Atlanta Falcons
3 Coaching career
4 Personal life
5 References
6 External links
Early Life[edit]
DeBerg is an alumnus of Savanna High School in Anaheim, California. He was the starting quarterback and also excelled in the pole vault.[1]
He played college football at Fullerton College in Fullerton, as the starting quarterback during the 1972 and 1973 seasons. As a sophomore in 1973, he led his team to a South Coast Conference title with a 5-0 record. In the postseason, he defeated San Diego City College 24-0 but lost in the state semifinals 29-20 against Los Angeles City College. He would end the season with an overall record of 10-1-0, and receive Junior College All-American honors.[2]
In 1974, he transferred to San José State University, becoming the team's starting quarterback in 1976. DeBerg led his team to a Pacific Coast Athletic Association (Big West Conference) title and was named the PCAA offensive player of the year. He set nine school records while completing 141 of 262 attempts for 2,084 yards, 19 touchdowns, and six interceptions.
In 1993, he was inducted into the California Community College's Football Coaches Association Hall of Fame. In 2001, he was inducted into the San Jose State University Ring of Honor and Sports Hall of Fame.
Playing career[edit]
Although large portions of his career were spent as a backup, DeBerg ultimately accumulated some impressive NFL statistics, particularly during the early 1990s, when he was the starting quarterback for the Kansas City Chiefs.
DeBerg played for the San Francisco 49ers (1978–1980), Denver Broncos (1981–1983), Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1984–1987, 1992, 1993), Kansas City Chiefs (1988–1991), Miami Dolphins (1993), and Atlanta Falcons (1998). DeBerg was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the tenth round (275th overall) of the 1977 NFL draft, but was waived before the start of the season after not being able to displace fellow rookie quarterback Glenn Carano.
On September 14, 1977, he was signed to the San Francisco 49ers' taxi squad. DeBerg became the starter in 1978 and became the first quarterback to implement Bill Walsh's "West Coast Offense" in 1979. However, when Walsh drafted Joe Montana from Notre Dame in the third round of the 1979 NFL draft, DeBerg was relegated to a backup role midway through the 1980 season.
In 1979, his only full season as a starter in San Francisco, DeBerg led the NFL in completions (347), pass attempts (578). He ranked fifth in the league in passing yards (3,652), throwing 17 touchdowns against 21 interceptions. He had his first 300-yard passing game in his sixth start against Seattle, completing a season-high 31 of 40 passes for 306 yards with one touchdown and one interception. Later that year, he posted his first 100.0 passer rating as a starter, one of two 49ers' wins all year, against his future team the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He finished the contest with an efficient 22 completions in 30 pass attempts (season-high 73.3% completion rate) with one touchdown and zero interceptions.
The following season in 1980, the 49ers improved. They won six with four of them in games started by DeBerg. He completed 186 of 321 passes for 1,998 yards with 12 touchdowns and 17 interceptions.
DeBerg started the campaign strong, winning his first three starts and twice completing over 70% of his pass attempts. Turnovers became an issue, however, as the team started struggling. The low-light was a five-interception game in a lopsided loss vs Dallas on 10/12/80. ( Full season statistics courtesy of Pro Football Reference.com, individual game statistics courtesy of NFL.com).
He was traded to the Denver Broncos on August 31, 1981, in exchange for a 1983 fourth-round draft pick (#87 Chuck Nelson), reuniting with Dan Reeves who coached him during his short time with the Cowboys.
Similar events unfolded multiple times over the next decade. After being with the 49ers when they drafted Joe Montana in the third round in 1979, DeBerg was with the Broncos when John Elway came after a trade. Elway was drafted first overall in 1983, but refused to sign with the Baltimore Colts.
During his three seasons in Denver, DeBerg ultimately backed up both Craig Morton and Elway, appearing in 33 games with 11 starts. DeBerg was 4-1 as a starter for the 1983 Broncos subbing for a rookie Elway, helping in leading the team to the postseason.
On April 24, 1984, he was traded to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in exchange for a fourth-round pick (#89 Randy Robbins), and a 1985 conditional pick that ended up being a second-round selection (#36-Richard Byrd).[3] He arrived at the club at a time when both Steve Young and Vinny Testaverde (1987) were drafted.[4]
DeBerg was the central starter for the 1984 Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who posted one of the league's more productive offensive attacks with him as the starting quarterback. The 1984 Bucs ranked 10th in the league in total offensive yards and eighth in passing yards. DeBerg appeared in all 16 games, starting 13 and won five of the team's six wins on the year. He passed for 3,554 yards (2nd best of career) with 308 completions in 509 attempts (both second best of his career) along with 19 touchdowns against 18 interceptions.
DeBerg finished high on the NFL leaderboards for the season in attempts (4th), completions (4th), passing yards (7th), touchdown passes (9th) and passing yards per game (8th). The Bucs earned their first win of the season with DeBerg coming off the bench, a 21-17 win over Detroit on September 16, 1984 that saw him complete 18 of 27 passes (66.7%) for 195 yards with two touchdowns and no interceptions. It was one of four games on the season in which DeBerg's Quarterback Rating topped 100 (10/07 vs Minnesota, 10/14 vs Detroit, 12/16 vs NY Jets).
DeBerg never passed for fewer than 191 yards in any start that year and topped the 200-yard mark ten times. His season-high 322 passing yards performance came on November 25, 1984 in 34-33 shootout loss vs the Los Angeles Rams.
Narrow losses would be the norm as six of the team's eight losses with DeBerg were by seven points or less. Tampa's won-lost record regressed the following year but DeBerg still started 11 games (playing in all 16) and ranking 10th in the league in touchdown passes, finishing the campaign completing 197 of 370 passes for 2,488 yards with 19 touchdowns and 18 interceptions.
After starting only two games in 1986, DeBerg was again Tampa's leading passer in his final season there in 1987. Appearing in 12 games with eight starts, DeBerg completed 159 of 275 passes for 1,891 yards with 14 touchdowns and seven interceptions, his lowest mark up to this point in a season in which he started at least six games. He finished eighth in the league in QB Rating (85.8), his first season ranked in the year-end Top 10 for that category.
He also finished in the league Top 10 for completion rate (57.8%), one of six times he ranked in the year-end Top 10 in that category (1979, 1982, 1984, 1987, 1989, 1990). DeBerg established a career-high with five-touchdown passes in an opening day win vs Atlanta on September 13, 1987, a game in which he completed 24 of 34 pass attempts (season-high 70.4% completion rate) for 333 yards.
On March 31, 1988, the Buccaneers traded him to the Kansas City Chiefs in exchange for safety Mark Robinson, a fourth round (#86-John Bruhin) and an eighth round pick (#198-Anthony Simpson).[5]
Although he is remembered as a journeyman quarterback, DeBerg passed for over 34,000 career yards, and he now ranks in the top 20 all-time for attempts, completions, and yards passing. His best years were with the Chiefs, during which he led the team to two playoff berths and had his best year in 1990 with a 96.3 quarterback rating, passing for 3,444 yards, 23 touchdowns, and only 4 interceptions, with 3 of those interceptions coming in one game.
Kansas City Chiefs[edit]
In DeBerg's first campaign in KC, he appeared in 13 games with 11 starts and passed for 2,935 yards with 16 touchdowns and 16 interceptions, completing 224 of 414 passes. He managed to beat his old team Denver on September 18, 1988 with one of his better games of the year, throwing 259 yards and 2 touchdowns with no interceptions. His best game came vs New York Jets on December 4, 1988 when he completed 16 of 25 passes for 267 yards and three touchdowns against one interception in a 38-34 win.
Turnover issues again caused him to temporarily lose his starting job in 1989 as he tossed eight interceptions in the team's first three games, including five in one game versus the San Diego Chargers on September 24, 1989. After sitting for two weeks, DeBerg briefly returned to the playing field, then sat two more weeks before finishing the season starting the team's final six games. Among his highlights was a 338-yard, one touchdown, two-interception performance versus the Pittsburgh Steelers in a 23-17 loss on October 29. DeBerg finished the 1989 season with 2,529 yards passing, completing 196 of 324 passes (60.5% completion rate), with 11 touchdowns vs 16 interceptions. (Season Statistics Courtesy of Pro Football Reference.com & Individual Games Statistics Courtesy of NFL.com)
The 1990 season would be DeBerg's finest. His 3,444 yards were the third best single-season total of his career (7th in the league). His 96.3 passer rating a career-high (3rd in the league), while also managing Top 10 finishes for yards-per-attempt at 7.8 (4th in the league, his second straight season in the Top 5 in this category.) He was eighth in the league in passing yards-per-game, fifth in the league in yards-per-completion (previous best rank was 9th in 1988.) DeBerg's 23 touchdown passes ranked sixth (one of four seasons he ranked Top 10 in this category by the year's end), and lead the league with a 0.9 interception percentage that included a career-high and team record 223 passes without an interception, one of three seasons in which he ranked in the year-end top 10 in this category (1979, 1987).
DeBerg posted a career-high 395 yards passing against his former team Denver on September 17, 1990. He suffered a serious injury to his non-throwing hand in a late-season loss versus the Houston Oilers on December 16, 1990 which required the insertion of a pin into his broken finger to keep it straight. For the final two games and playoffs, the Chiefs ran their entire offense out of the shotgun formation to protect DeBerg from having the football jammed in his injured hand during the center to quarterback exchange. Kansas City won those games to clinch their second playoff appearance in over a decade with DeBerg completing 44 of 59 passes for 527 yards with two touchdowns and no interceptions.
In a 17–16 loss vs the Miami Dolphins in the 1990 AFC Wild Card Game, DeBerg overcame his injury to complete 17 of 30 pass attempts for 269 yards with one touchdown and one interception. (Season statistics courtesy of Pro Football Reference.com and individual game statistics courtesy of NFL.com).
Throughout his career, he was frequently noted as one of the best play-action pass quarterbacks of all time.[6] Peyton Manning has studied films of DeBerg's play-action technique.[6]
During his career, DeBerg also acquired a reputation for playing through particularly gruesome or unique injuries.[citation needed] He played with laryngitis and wore a portable amplifier during regular-season games with San Francisco. He also played with a broken non-throwing hand and an exposed metal pin sticking out of his finger in a Chiefs playoff game in 1990. In 1993, he left a Dolphins game versus the New York Giants battered and bloodied after taking a helmet to the chin, only to return to the game following halftime. Earlier in the season, he started in place of Dan Marino in the Thanksgiving game where Leon Lett's blunder resulted in a Dolphins win. DeBerg retired after the 1993 season.[7]
Atlanta Falcons[edit]
Five years later, DeBerg returned to the NFL in 1998, at age 44, reuniting with head coach Dan Reeves as a backup with the Atlanta Falcons.[8] On October 25, with Chris Chandler unable to play, Deberg became the oldest quarterback to ever start an NFL game when he led the Falcons against the New York Jets. In a 28-3 loss, he threw 9-of-20 for 117 yards and an interception before being taken out for Tony Graziani.[9][6] He also became the oldest player ever included on a Super Bowl roster, at the age of 45 years, 12 days, when the Falcons appeared in Super Bowl XXXIII, though he did not play.
On February 5, 2010, DeBerg was inducted to the Rebel Hall of Fame at Savanna High School for his achievements as a starting quarterback in both college and the NFL. This induction took place during halftime at a varsity boys basketball game at Savanna High School.[10]
Coaching career[edit]
DeBerg served as the head coach of the Arena Football League's Indiana Firebirds in 2004 for five games. The team's record during his tenure was 0–5. He later served as an assistant coach for the Tampa Bay Storm.
Personal life[edit]
On August 17, 1974, DeBerg married his girlfriend Marcia North. The couple had two children together. They divorced in 1996.[11]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "California State Meet Results – 1915 to present". Hank Lawson. Retrieved 2012-12-25.
Jump up ^ "ALUMNI STORIES: STEVE DEBERG". Retrieved April 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bucs get DeBerg from Broncos". Lakeland Ledger. Florida. wire services. April 25, 1984. p. 1D.
Jump up ^ "Rx for Rex?". Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-01.
Jump up ^ "Bucs trade Q.B. DeBerg". The Bulletin. Bend, Oregon. UPI. April 1, 1988. p. D3.
^ Jump up to: a b c Cross, B. Duane. "The long journey: Steve DeBerg's 17-year career was a tale of 'What could have been'". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved July 20, 2010.
Jump up ^ Benjamin Edwards, "Monday Morning Quarterback: Steve DeBerg", "Bleacher Report", August 11, 2008.
Jump up ^ Spencer, Sheldon (July 29, 1998). "The (way) back-up QB". Toledo Blade. Ohio. (San Jose Mercury News). p. 23.
Jump up ^ https://www.pro-football-reference.com/boxscores/199810250nyj.htm
Jump up ^ http://fullertoncollegecentennial.com/alumni-stories/steve-deberg.html
Jump up ^ "Biography", imdb.com,
External links[edit]
Steve DeBerg coaching page at ArenaFan Online
Career statistics and player information from NFL.com · Pro-Football-Reference ·
Sports Reference – collegiate statistics – Steve DeBerg
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San Jose State Spartans starting quarterbacks
Roy Zimmerman (1938–1939)
Deward Tornell (1940)
Allen Hardisty (1941)
Jim Jackson (1947)
Chuck Hughes (1948)
Gene Menges (1948–1950)
Lynn Aplanalp (1951–1952)
Larry Rice (1953)
Benny Pierce (1954)
Tony Teresa (1955)
Bob Reinhart (1956)
Dick Vermeil (1957)
Emmett Lee (1958–1959)
Mike Jones (1960)
Chon Gallegos (1961)
Rand Carter (1962–1963)
Ken Berry (1964–1965)
Danny Holman (1966–1967)
Russ Munson (1968)
Ivan Lippi (1969–1970)
Gary Tomasso (1970)
Dave Ellis (1971)
Craig Kimball (1972–1974)
Roger Profitt (1975)
Steve DeBerg (1976)
Ed Luther (1977–1979)
Steve Clarkson (1980–1982)
Jon Carlson (1983, 1985)
Bob Frasco (1984)
Doug Allen (1985)
Mike Perez (1986–1987)
Ken Lutz (1988)
Matt Veatch (1989, 1991)
Ralph Martini (1989–1990)
Jeff Garcia (1991–1993)
Alli Abrew (1994–1995)
Brent Evans (1994)
Carl Dean (1995–1996)
Brian Vye (1997–1998)
Dan O'Dell (1997)
Chris Kasteler (1997–1999)
Marcus Arroyo (1998, 2000–2001)
Clint Carlson (2001)
Scott Rislov (2002–2003)
Dale Rogers (2004)
Adam Tafralis (2004–2007)
Myles Eden (2008)
Kyle Reed (2008–2009)
Sean Flynn (2008)
Jordan La Secla (2009–2010)
Matt Faulkner (2011)
Dasmen Stewart (2011)
David Fales (2012–2013)
Blake Jurich (2014)
Joe Gray (2014–2015)
Mitch Ravizza (2014)
Kenny Potter (2015–2016)
Josh Love (2016–2018)
Montel Aaron (2017)
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Dallas Cowboys 1977 NFL draft selections
Tony Dorsett
Glenn Carano
Tony Hill
Val Belcher
Guy Brown
Andy Frederick
Jim Cooper
David Stalls
Al Cleveland
Fred Williams
Mark Cantrell
Steve DeBerg
Don Wardlow
Greg Peters
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San Francisco 49ers starting quarterbacks
Frankie Albert (1946–1952)
Y. A. Tittle (1951–1960)
Jim Powers (1953)
Jim Cason (1954)
Earl Morrall (1956)
John Brodie (1957–1973)
Lamar McHan (1963)
Bob Waters (1963)
George Mira (1964–1967)
Steve Spurrier (1967, 1969, 1972–1973, 1975)
Joe Reed (1973–1974)
Tom Owen (1974–1975)
Dennis Morrison (1974)
Norm Snead (1974–1975)
Jim Plunkett (1976–1977)
Scott Bull (1976, 1978)
Steve DeBerg (1978–1980)
Joe Montana (1979–1990)
Matt Cavanaugh (1984–1985)
Jeff Kemp (1986)
Mike Moroski (1986)
Steve Young (1987–1999)
Bob Gagliano (1987)
Steve Bono (1991)
Elvis Grbac (1995–1996)
Jim Druckenmiller (1997)
Ty Detmer (1998)
Steve Stenstrom (1999)
Jeff Garcia (1999–2003)
Tim Rattay (2003–2005)
Ken Dorsey (2004–2005)
Alex Smith (2005–2007, 2009–2012)
Cody Pickett (2005)
Trent Dilfer (2007)
Shaun Hill (2007–2009)
Chris Weinke (2007)
J. T. O'Sullivan (2008)
Troy Smith (2010)
Colin Kaepernick (2012–2016)
Blaine Gabbert (2015–2016)
Brian Hoyer (2017)
C. J. Beathard (2017–present)
Jimmy Garoppolo (2017–2018)
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Denver Broncos starting quarterbacks
Frank Tripucka (1960–1963)
George Herring (1961)
George Shaw (1962)
Mickey Slaughter (1963–1966)
John McCormick (1963, 1965–1966, 1968)
Don Breaux (1963)
Jacky Lee (1964–1965)
Max Choboian (1966)
Scotty Glacken (1966)
Steve Tensi (1966–1970)
Jim LeClair (1966–1967)
Marlin Briscoe (1968)
Pete Liske (1969–1970)
Alan Pastrana (1970)
Don Horn (1971)
Steve Ramsey (1971–1972, 1974–1976)
Charley Johnson (1972–1975)
John Hufnagel (1975)
Craig Penrose (1976, 1978)
Craig Morton (1977–1982)
Norris Weese (1978–1979)
Matt Robinson (1980)
Steve DeBerg (1981–1983)
Mark Herrmann (1982)
John Elway (1983–1998)
Gary Kubiak (1983–1984, 1988–1989)
Ken Karcher (1987)
Tommy Maddox (1992)
Hugh Millen (1994)
Bill Musgrave (1996)
Bubby Brister (1998)
Brian Griese (1999–2002)
Chris Miller (1999)
Gus Frerotte (2000–2001)
Steve Beuerlein (2002–2003)
Jake Plummer (2003–2006)
Danny Kanell (2003)
Jarious Jackson (2003)
Jay Cutler (2006–2008)
Kyle Orton (2009–2011)
Chris Simms (2009)
Tim Tebow (2010–2011)
Peyton Manning (2012–2015)
Brock Osweiler (2015, 2017)
Trevor Siemian (2016–2017)
Paxton Lynch (2016–2017)
Case Keenum (2018–present)
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Tampa Bay Buccaneers starting quarterbacks
Steve Spurrier (1976)
Parnell Dickinson (1976)
Terry Hanratty (1976)
Gary Huff (1977)
Randy Hedberg (1977)
Jeb Blount (1977)
Doug Williams (1978–1982)
Mike Rae (1978)
Mike Boryla (1978)
Jack Thompson (1983–1984)
Jerry Golsteyn (1983)
Steve DeBerg (1984–1987, 1992–1993)
Steve Young (1985–1986)
Vinny Testaverde (1987–1992)
John Reaves (1987)
Jim Zorn (1987)
Joe Ferguson (1988–1989)
Chris Chandler (1990–1991)
Jeff Carlson (1991)
Craig Erickson (1993–1994)
Trent Dilfer (1994–1999)
Shaun King (1999–2000, 2002)
Eric Zeier (1999)
Brad Johnson (2001–2004)
Rob Johnson (2002)
Brian Griese (2004–2005, 2008)
Chris Simms (2004–2006)
Bruce Gradkowski (2006)
Tim Rattay (2006)
Jeff Garcia (2007–2008)
Luke McCown (2007)
Byron Leftwich (2009)
Josh Johnson (2009, 2011)
Josh Freeman (2009–2013)
Mike Glennon (2013–2014)
Josh McCown (2014)
Jameis Winston (2015–2018)
Ryan Fitzpatrick (2017–present)
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Dallas Texans / Kansas City Chiefs starting quarterbacks
Cotton Davidson (1960–1961)
Hunter Enis (1960)
Randy Duncan (1961)
Len Dawson (1962–1975)
Eddie Wilson (1963)
Pete Beathard (1965)
Jacky Lee (1968–1969)
Mike Livingston (1969–1979)
Tony Adams (1975, 1977–1978)
Steve Fuller (1979–1982)
Bill Kenney (1980–1988)
Todd Blackledge (1984–1987)
Matt Stevens (1987)
Frank Seurer (1987)
Doug Hudson (1987)
Steve DeBerg (1988–1991)
Ron Jaworski (1989)
Steve Pelluer (1989)
Mark Vlasic (1991)
Dave Krieg (1992–1993)
Joe Montana (1993–1994)
Steve Bono (1994–1996)
Rich Gannon (1996–1998)
Elvis Grbac (1997–2000)
Warren Moon (2000)
Trent Green (2001–2006)
Damon Huard (2006–2008)
Brodie Croyle (2007–2010)
Tyler Thigpen (2008)
Matt Cassel (2009–2012)
Tyler Palko (2011)
Kyle Orton (2011)
Brady Quinn (2012)
Alex Smith (2013–2017)
Chase Daniel (2013–2014)
Nick Foles (2016)
Patrick Mahomes (2017–present)
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Miami Dolphins starting quarterbacks
Dick Wood (1966)
Rick Norton (1966–1969)
George Wilson (1966)
John Stofa (1966–1967)
Bob Griese (1967–1980)
George Mira (1971)
Earl Morrall (1972–1975)
Don Strock (1975–1976, 1978–1981, 1983)
David Woodley (1980–1983)
Dan Marino (1983–1999)
Kyle Mackey (1987)
Scott Mitchell (1993)
Steve DeBerg (1993)
Bernie Kosar (1995)
Craig Erickson (1996)
Damon Huard (1999–2000)
Jay Fiedler (2000–2004)
Ray Lucas (2002)
Brian Griese (2003)
A. J. Feeley (2004)
Sage Rosenfels (2004–2005)
Gus Frerotte (2005)
Joey Harrington (2006)
Daunte Culpepper (2006)
Cleo Lemon (2006–2007)
Trent Green (2007)
John Beck (2007)
Chad Pennington (2008–2010)
Chad Henne (2009–2011)
Tyler Thigpen (2010)
Matt Moore (2011, 2016–2017)
Ryan Tannehill (2012–2016, 2018)
Jay Cutler (2017)
Brock Osweiler (2018–present)
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Atlanta Falcons starting quarterbacks
Randy Johnson (1966–1970)
Dennis Claridge (1966)
Terry Nofsinger (1967)
Steve Sloan (1967)
Bob Berry (1968–1972)
Bruce Lemmerman (1969)
Dick Shiner (1971, 1973)
Bob Lee (1973–1974)
Pat Sullivan (1974–1975)
Kim McQuilken (1974–1976)
Steve Bartkowski (1975–1985)
Scott Hunter (1976–1977)
June Jones (1978–1979)
Mike Moroski (1983–1984)
David Archer (1985–1987)
Turk Schonert (1986)
Scott Campbell (1987, 1990)
Erik Kramer (1987)
Jeff Van Raaphorst (1987)
Chris Miller (1987–1993)
Steve Dils (1988)
Hugh Millen (1989–1990)
Billy Joe Tolliver (1991–1993, 1997)
Wade Wilson (1992)
Bobby Hebert (1993, 1996)
Jeff George (1994–1996)
Chris Chandler (1997–2001)
Tony Graziani (1997–1999)
Steve DeBerg (1998)
Danny Kanell (1999–2000)
Doug Johnson (2000, 2002–2003)
Michael Vick (2001–2006)
Kurt Kittner (2003)
Matt Schaub (2004–2005)
Joey Harrington (2007)
Byron Leftwich (2007)
Chris Redman (2007, 2009)
Matt Ryan (2008–present)
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Indiana Firebirds
Formerly the Albany Firebirds
Founded in 1990
Folded in 2004
Based in Albany, New York (1990–2000) and Indianapolis, Indiana (2001–2004)
Franchise
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Seasons
Players
Arenas
Knickerbocker Arena/Pepsi Arena
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Buffington
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Playoff appearances (11)
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Division championships (6)
1994
1995
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2000
ArenaBowl appearances (1)
XIII
Hall of Fame members
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steve_DeBerg&oldid=866517628"
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text:
Music of Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The music for the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex was primarily composed by Yoko Kanno and produced by Victor Entertainment. Soundtracks were also produced for the two OVA films, The Laughing Man and Individual Eleven, and the TV film Solid State Society.
Contents
[hide]
1 Concept and creation
2 Theme songs
2.1 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex
2.2 Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG
3 Albums
3.1 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T.
3.2 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex "be Human"
3.3 "GET9"
3.4 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 2
3.5 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 3
3.6 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society O.S.T.
3.7 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex CD-Box
4 References
5 External links
Concept and creation[edit]
Yoko Kanno, composer of the music for the Stand Alone Complex series
When creating the music of Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, Yoko Kanno wanted to create music that would contrast from the formal and "manly" world that appeared in the original manga. In order to do so, Kanno implemented themes of being human and "tangible fuzziness" into the music. Sound Director, Kazuhiro Wakabayashi, provided menus for Kanno to follow in which she described as "delicate emotional feelings [sic] that were like poems."[1]
Theme songs[edit]
Yoko Kanno composed the music for all of the opening and closing themes for Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, its second season, film sequel and OVAs. When creating the theme song "Inner Universe", Kanno used the image of digital bits and composed the score consisting of recurrent quick beats.[1]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex[edit]
The opening theme for Stand Alone Complex is "Inner Universe", performed by Origa, with lyrics written by Origa and Shanti Snyder in Russian, English and Latin. The closing theme for Stand Alone Complex is "Lithium Flower", performed by Scott Matthew, with lyrics by Tim Jensen.
When terrestrial television later re-broadcast the series, "Inner Universe" was replaced with "GET9" (performed by jillmax and written by Tim Jensen), while "Lithium Flower" was replaced with "I Do" (written and performed by Ilaria Graziano).
Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG[edit]
The opening theme for Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG is "Rise", performed by Origa, with lyrics written by Origa and Tim Jensen. The closing theme is "Living Inside the Shell", performed by Steve Conte and written by Shanti Snyder.
2nd GIG also used alternate themes for its opening and closing credits when it was re-broadcast on terrestrial television. "Rise" was replaced with "CHRisTmas in the SiLenT ForeSt" (performed by Ilaria Graziano and written by Shanti Snyder), while "Living Inside the Shell" was replaced with "Somewhere in the Silence (Sniper's Theme)" (performed by Ilaria Graziano and written by Tim Jensen).
Albums[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T.[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T.
Soundtrack album by Yoko Kanno
Released
January 22, 2003[2]
February 25, 2004 ("+" version)[3]
March 30, 2011 (re-issue)[4]
Length
70:01 − Original Version
72:48 − "+" Version
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai Entertainment
Producer
Yoko Kanno
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX O.S.T., Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu Ō Esu Tī) is the first original soundtrack to the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, composed by Yoko Kanno and co-produced by Toshiaki Ota.[5] It features music composed for the first season of the series, and is produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai. A later release of the album, entitled Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T.+ (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX O.S.T.+, Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu Ō Esu Tī Purasu), contains TV edits of the themes "GET9" from the terrestrial broadcasts of S.A.C. and "rise" from 2nd GIG. Early copies of O.S.T.+, were incorrectly mastered and tracks on the CD differed from the track listing.[6]
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Vocals
Length
1. "Run Rabbit Junk" Tim Jensen HIDE Hideyuki Takahashi (高橋秀幸) 4:32
2. "Yakitori" (ヤキトリ) 7:10
3. "Stamina Rose" (スタミナ・ローズ, Sutamina Rōzu) Gabriela Robin Gabriela Robin 2:52
4. "Surf" 3:00
5. "Where Does This Ocean Go?" troy Ilaria Graziano 4:45
6. "Train Search" 1:58
7. "Siberian Doll House" (シベリアン・ドール・ハウス, Shiberian Dōru Hausu) Gabriela Robin Gabriela Robin 3:50
8. "Velveteen" troy Ilaria Graziano 5:06
9. "Lithium Flower" (closing theme) Tim Jensen Scott Matthew 3:25
10. "Home Stay" 3:57
11. "Inner Universe" (opening theme) Origa, Shanti Snyder Origa 4:55
12. "Fish ~ Silent Cruise" Ben Del Maestro 7:30
13. "Some Other Time" Gabriela Robin Gabriela Robin 4:07
14. "Beauty Is Within Us" Chris Mosdell Scott Matthew 6:08
15. "We're the Great" 1:34
16. "Monochrome" (モノクローム, Monokurōmu) troy Ilaria Graziano 5:06
+ bonus tracks
No.
Title
Lyrics
Vocals
Length
17. "GET9 [TV Size]" Tim Jensen Jillmax 1:17
18. "Rise [TV Size]" Origa, Tim Jensen Origa 1:31
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex "be Human"[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex "be Human"
Soundtrack album by Yoko Kanno
Released
October 22, 2003[7]
March 30, 2011 (re-issue)[8]
Length
43:57
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai Entertainment
Producer
Yoko Kanno
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex "be Human" (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX「be human」, Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu "Bī Hyūman") is an album featuring music from the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, composed by Yoko Kanno. The featured music primarily relates to Tachikomas, the "think tank" combat robots from the series; music from the omake miniseries Tachikomatic Days is also included. The albums features vocals from Scott Matthew, Gabriela Robin, Maaya Sakamoto, HIDE, SUNNY and Sakiko Tamagawa and was produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai. The sleeve insert includes punch-out sections which combine to create a paper Tachikoma.
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Vocals
Length
1. "Be Human" troy Scott Matthew 4:05
2. "Trip City" Tim Jensen Scott Matthew 3:55
3. "Patch Me" 1:33
4. "Runaway Tachikoma" (タチコマの家出, Tachikoma no Iede) 1:55
5. "Tachikoma out for a Walk" (お散歩タチコマ, Osanpo Tachikoma) Gabriela Robin 2:04
6. "Bang Bang Banquet" 2:00
7. "FAX Me" 1:27
8. "Where's Rocky?" (ロッキーはどこ？, Rokkī wa Doko?) 4:26
9. "Spotter" 5:56
10. "Let's Oil" 0:45
11. "Cream" HIDE HIDE & Maaya Sakamoto 3:55
12. "Spider Bites" 0:44
13. "Good by My Master" 2:09
14. "Piece by Ten" 2:50
15. "What Can I Say?" Tim Jensen SUNNY 1:12
16. "Hi!" 0:06
17. "I'm Not Straight" 1:24
18. "AI Combat Team Tachikoma" (AI戦隊タチコマンズ, Ē Ai Sentai Tachikomanzu) Yoshiki Sakurai Sakiko Tamagawa 1:06
19. "Pro Bowler Tachikoma" (プロボウラータチコマ, Purobōrā Tachikoma) 0:39
20. "Don't Sponge Me" 0:36
21. "PO'd Pod" 1:03
22. "Ciao!" 0:07
"GET9"[edit]
"GET9"
Single by Yoko Kanno
Released
January 21, 2004[9]
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai Entertainment
Producer(s)
Yoko Kanno
"GET9" is a single taken from the soundtrack to the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, composed by Yoko Kanno. "GET9" was used as the opening theme for the terrestrial broadcast version of the first season of Stand Alone Complex. "Rise", also featured on this single, was used as the opening theme for the satellite broadcast version of the second season, Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG. It was produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai.
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Vocals
Length
1. "GET9" Tim Jensen Jillmax 4:44
2. "Rise" Origa, Tim Jensen Origa 5:30
3. "Icy Mice (Chairman Tadokoro's Secret Party)" (icy mice (田所会長のひみつパーティ), Aishī Maisu (Tadakoro Kaichō no Himitsu Pāti)) Gabriela Robin 3:53
4. "GET9 (Naked)" Tim Jensen Jillmax 4:42
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 2[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 2
Soundtrack album by Yoko Kanno
Released
May 26, 2004[10]
March 30, 2011 (re-issue)[11]
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai Entertainment
Producer
Yoko Kanno
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 2 (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX O.S.T. 2, Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu Ō Esu Tī Tsū) is the second original soundtrack to the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, composed by Yoko Kanno. It primarily features music from the series' second season, Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG, in addition to several songs from the first season. The soundtrack was produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai.
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Vocals
Length
1. "Cyberbird" (サイバーバード, Saibābādo) Gabriela Robin Gabriela Robin 6:00
2. "Rise" Tim Jensen Origa 5:29
3. "Ride on Technology" 4:42
4. "Idling" (アイドリング, Aidoringu) 2:48
5. "I Can't Be Cool" Ilaria Graziano Ilaria Graziano 4:32
6. "3tops" 3:59
7. "Gonna Rice" 2:04
8. "GET9" Tim Jensen Jillmax 4:44
9. "Go DA DA" 1:53
10. "Psychedelic Soul" (サイケデリックソウル, Saikederikku Sōru) Tim Jensen Scott Matthew 4:48
11. "What's it For" Tim Jensen Emily Curtis 3:18
12. "Living Inside the Shell" Shanti Snyder Steve Conte & Shanti Snyder 6:24
13. "Pet Food" (ペットフード, Petto Fūdo) 1:30
14. "Security Off" 1:14
15. "To Tell the Truth" 4:52
16. "I Do" Ilaria Graziano Ilaria Graziano 4:52
17. "We Can't Be Cool" 1:34
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 3[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 3
Soundtrack album by Yoko Kanno
Released
July 21, 2005[12]
March 30, 2011 (re-issue)[13]
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai Entertainment
Producer
Yoko Kanno
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 3 (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX O.S.T. 3, Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu Ō Esu Tī Surī) is the third original soundtrack to the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, composed by Yoko Kanno. As with O.S.T. 2, it primarily features music from the series' second season, Ghost in the Shell: S.A.C. 2nd GIG, in addition to several songs from the first season. The soundtrack was produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai.
All music composed by Yoko Kanno.
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Music
Vocals
Length
1. "The End of All You'll Know" Chris Mosdell Scott Matthew 2:19
2. "Torukia" (トルキア) Gabriela Robin Yoko Kanno Gabriela Robin 6:06
3. "Know Your Enemy" 6:23
4. "Laser Seeker" (レーザーシーカー, Rēzā Shīkā) 3:13
5. "Break Through" 2:34
6. "Flying Low" 4:35
7. "Europe" (エウロペ) 4:29
8. "East of the Peninsula" (半島の東, Hantō no Higashi) 4:05
9. "Incomplete Love Story" (未完成ラブストーリー, Mikansei Rabu Sutōrī) 1:52
10. "CHRisTmas in the SiLenT ForeSt" Shanti Snyder Ilaria Graziano 6:54
11. "Access All Areas" 1:34
12. "Sacred Terrorist" 4:03
13. "Dear John" Tim Jensen Scott Matthew 4:59
14. "35.7°C" 1:45
15. "Smile" (スマイル, Sumairu) 4:10
16. "Flashback Memory Plug" Gabriela Robin, Shanti Snyder & Origa Origa & Ben Del Maestro 1:08
17. "Dew" Ilaria Graziano Ilaria Graziano 5:50
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society O.S.T.[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society O.S.T.
Soundtrack album by Yoko Kanno
Released
November 22, 2006[14]
March 30, 2011 (re-issue)[15]
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai Entertainment
Producer
Yoko Kanno
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society O.S.T. (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX Solid State Society O.S.T., Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu Soriddo Sutēto Sosaieti Ō Esu Tī) is the original soundtrack to the made-for-TV anime film Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society, composed by Yoko Kanno. It features music composed specifically for the film, in addition to music from the first and second series of Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex. The soundtrack was produced by composer Kanno, Victor Entertainment and Bandai.
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Vocals
Length
1. "Player" Origa Origa with Heartsdales 5:40
2. "Replica" Gabriela Robin Ilaria Graziano 5:21
3. "Zero Signal" Gabriela Robin 4:03
4. "Solid State Society" 4:38
5. "Tempest" 2:51
6. "Born Stubborn" 3:24
7. "She Is" Gabriela Robin Gabriela Robin 2:33
8. "From the Roof Top ~ Somewhere in the Silence (Sniper’s Theme)" Tim Jensen Ilaria Graziano 6:32
9. "Undivided" 2:01
10. "Blues in the Net" 6:40
11. "Human Step ~ Aramaki’s Theme" 3:30
12. "Date of Rebirth" Origa Origa 4:39
13. "Take a Little Hand" Gabriela Robin Gabriela Robin 5:03
14. "Remedium" 3:11
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex CD-Box[edit]
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex CD-Box
The exterior of the boxset
Soundtrack album by Yoko Kanno
Released
September 5, 2007 (2007-09-05)[16]
Length
5:55:52
Label
Victor Entertainment
Bandai
Producer
Yoko Kanno
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex chronology
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society O.S.T.
(2006)Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Solid State Society O.S.T.2006 Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex CD-Box
(2007)
Additional cover
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 4- (攻殻機動隊 STAND ALONE COMPLEX O.S.T. 4- (マイナス), Kōkaku Kidōtai Sutando Arōn Konpurekkusu Ō Esu Tī Fō Mainasu) is the fourth original soundtrack to the anime series Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex, composed by Yoko Kanno. It features music from both seasons of the series as well as the film Solid State Society and is produced by composer Kanno, Toshiaki Ota, Victor Entertainment, and Bandai.
The album was released exclusively as a part of the Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex CD-Box box set, which also included all of the above albums and a Tachikoma-style USB memory stick featuring previously unreleased music from Tachikomatic Days, as well as voice clips, images, and video. Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 4- is presented as a continuous, single-track mix and consists of "16 pieces".
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. 4-
No.
Title
Length
1. "Smooth in the Shell [No Break Disk]" 49:02
Tachikoma USB
No.
Title
Length
1. "Tenohirawotaiyouni" 1:35
2. "Kuro Tachikoma" 2:06
3. "Omake 1" 0:46
4. "Omake 2" 0:49
5. "Omake 3" 0:45
6. "Omake 4" 0:42
7. "Omake 5" 0:35
8. "Omake 6" 0:47
9. "Omake 7" 0:46
10. "Omake 8A" 0:21
11. "Omake 8B" 0:37
12. "Omake 8C" 0:28
13. "Omake 8D" 0:30
14. "Open Tachikoma" 0:06
15. "Tachikoma SP1" 1:29
16. "Tachikoma SP2" 1:14
17. "Tachikoma SP3" 0:10
18. "Tachikoma na Hibi" 0:16
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Behind the Scenes Part 7: Yoko Kanno (Music Composer) I". Production I.G. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ． (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ．+ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ．+ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ "The Yoko Kanno Project".
Jump up ^ "Stand Alone Complex Disc Issues". Retrieved 2011-11-11.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ「ｂｅ　Ｈｕｍａｎ」 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ「ｂｅ　Ｈｕｍａｎ」 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ ＧＥＴ９ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ．２ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ．２ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ．３ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ．３ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｓｏｌｉｄ　Ｓｔａｔｅ　Ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊　ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　Ｓｏｌｉｄ　Ｓｔａｔｅ　Ｓｏｃｉｅｔｙ　Ｏ．Ｓ．Ｔ (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
Jump up ^ 攻殻機動隊ＳＴＡＮＤ　ＡＬＯＮＥ　ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ　ＣＤ－ＢＯＸ【初回完全限定生産盤ＵＳＢフラッシュメモリ付】 (in Japanese). Retrieved 2012-07-02.
External links[edit]
be Human: Ghost in the Shell Stand Alone Complex at MusicBrainz
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Be Human at Amazon.com
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex - Be Human at cdjapan.co.jp
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T. at MusicBrainz
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex OST+ at MusicBrainz
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T at Amazon.com
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T at cdjapan.co.jp
Ghost in the Shell: Stand Alone Complex O.S.T at the Yoko Kanno Project
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/wiki/Victor_Entertainment
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Victor Entertainment

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Bandai Entertainment

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Gabriela Robin

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https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00020VZVQ

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values: 攻殻機動隊 S.A.C.シリーズのサウンドトラック – Japanese

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