text:
(I've Had) The Time of My Life
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life"
Single by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes
from the album Dirty Dancing
B-side
"Love Is Strange"
by Mickey & Sylvia
Released
September 1987
Format
7" single
12" maxi
cassette
CD single
Recorded
1987
Genre
Soft rock, adult contemporary, pop
Length
4:47 (LP and single version)
6:46 (extended version)
Label
RCA Records
Songwriter(s)
John DeNicola
Donald Markowitz
Franke Previte
Producer(s)
Michael Lloyd
Music video
"(I've Had) The Time Of My Life" on YouTube
Alternative cover
7" - U.S.
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life" is a 1987 song composed by Franke Previte, John DeNicola, and Donald Markowitz.[1] It was recorded by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes, and used as the theme song for the 1987 film Dirty Dancing.[1] The song has won a number of awards, including an Academy Award for "Best Original Song", a Golden Globe Award for "Best Original Song", and a Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals.
Contents
1 History
2 Music video
3 Personnel
4 Chart performance
5 Awards
6 Cover versions and samples
7 Formats and track listings
8 Charts
8.1 Weekly charts
8.2 Year-end charts
8.3 Certifications
9 See also
10 References
History[edit]
Singer-songwriter Previte was the lead singer of the band Franke and the Knockouts. He had success with the song "Sweetheart" in 1981, but by 1986 was without a recording contract. In late 1986 or early 1987, producer and head of Millennium Records, Jimmy Ienner, asked Previte about writing some music for "a little movie called Dirty Dancing". Previte initially turned the request down because he was still trying to get a record deal,[2] but Ienner was persistent, and got Previte to write several songs for the film, including "Hungry Eyes", later recorded by singer Eric Carmen, which also became a top 10 hit.
Previte wrote the lyrics, and the music was written by John DeNicola and Don Markowitz. After getting further approval, Previte created a demo of the song, performing on it himself, along with singer Rachele Cappelli. The demo showcased how the harmonies were to be used, employing a "cold open", or a slow build-up of the song to its finale. This demo wasn't used in the final cut of the film − the more polished version with Warnes and Medley was. However, because the Warnes/Medley track was not ready by the time the finale was filmed (it was shot first, due to the tight budget), Previte and Capelli's much lighter and more youthful version was used as a backing track, so that the actors, Patrick Swayze and Jennifer Grey, and the dancers, could have something to dance to (Swayze had later remarked it was his favorite version, even including all the subsequent remakes). The demo version finally appeared on the 1998 CD reissue of Previte's 1981 album Franke and the Knockouts, but is only listed as "Bonus Track".
The song was initially intended for Donna Summer and Joe Esposito, but Summer turned it down because she didn't like the title of the film.[3] Bill Medley was approached by Jimmy Ienner repeatedly over two months to do the recording, but he also turned it down because his daughter McKenna was due to be born, and he had promised his wife he would be there.[4] After the birth of his daughter, Medley was approached again, because Jennifer Warnes had indicated she would record the song if she could do the duet with Medley.[5] Medley then agreed to record the track. With the release of the film it became a worldwide hit, and is one of the most frequently played songs on radio.
A song by Lionel Richie was initially planned to be used as the finale of Dirty Dancing,[4] but choreographer Kenny Ortega and his assistant Miranda Garrison (who also played Vivian in the film) selected "The Time of My Life" instead.
Music video[edit]
A music video was produced for this song in October 1987. The video features several couples dancing like in the movie, and it also featured clips from it.
Personnel[edit]
Bill Medley - vocals
Jennifer Warnes - vocals
Produced by Michael Lloyd
Arranged by Gene Page; additional arrangements by Michael Lloyd and John D'Andrea
Recording (at The Village Recorder) and Mix by Carmine Rubino; First engineer: Dan Nebenzal (Second engineer: Jeff DeMorris)
Remixed by Carmine Rubino, Dan Nebenzal, Jimmy Ienner and Michael Lloyd
Published by Knockout Music Inc., Jemava Music Corp., Donald Jay Music and R U Cyrius Music.
Chart performance[edit]
In the United States, the single topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart in November 1987 for one week and also reached number one on the Adult Contemporary for four weeks.[6] In the United Kingdom the song had two chart outings: in November 1987, after the film's initial release, the song peaked at No. 6;[1] in January 1991, after the film was shown on mainstream television, the song reached No. 8.[7]
Awards[edit]
Academy Award for Best Original Song, 1987[1]
Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals, 1988
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song, 1988
ASCAP "Most Performed Songs from Motion Pictures" and "ASCAP Songwriter Of The Year" for its writer.[8]
In 2004 AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey placed it #86 among the top tunes in American cinema.
Cover versions and samples[edit]
In 2003, the top 11 contestants of the first season of Canadian Idol performed it as a group number during the season finale.
The song was covered in 2004 by Carmen & Piero and their version features on Best of Mundart and Duets.[9]
Taylor Hicks and Katharine McPhee performed a version as their final duet during the fifth-season finale of American Idol in 2006.
The song was covered in 2006 by British glamour model Katie Price and her then-husband, pop singer Peter Andre. The track is included on their 2006 album of duets A Whole New World.
In 2007, the song was performed by British girl group Girls Aloud on their concert The Greatest Hits Tour (Girls Aloud)
The 2007 compilation Over The Rainbow featured a cover of the song by Jermaine Jackson and R&B/dance music singer Jocelyn Brown.
Barry Manilow covered the song on his 2008 album of cover songs, The Greatest Songs of the Eighties.
The song appeared on the Fox series Glee in the second-season episode "Special Education". It was sung by Quinn (Dianna Agron) & Sam (Chord Overstreet) as the opening ballad at Sectionals. It is also featured on the soundtrack Glee: The Music, Volume 4 and charted at #36 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Sam Milby and Toni Gonzaga covered this song on their 2009 album Love Duets.[10]
In 2009, Namibian singer Nianell and South African singer Dozi included a version on their duet covers album It Takes Two.[11]
In 2010, The Black Eyed Peas sampled the chorus in their song, "The Time (Dirty Bit)" (from the album The Beginning), with the line "Yes, I swear it's the truth" changed to "And I swear this is true".
The song's original recording is a regular staple at live shows of the Norwegian electro rock band, Datarock, and is frequently performed as a sing-along by band and audience.
In 2011, Kris Lawrence and Kyla record their version for the show Time of My Life as the show's theme song.
The song has also been used as a commercial jingle for Sandals Resorts.
German jazz-metal band Panzerballett covered this song in their 2012 album Tank Goodness.
This song was covered by the Strictly Come Dancing band and singers, led by David Arch, in 2012, as the backing for gymnast Louis Smith and professional dancer Flavia Cacace's salsa in week 3 and the first part of the final.
In the Major Crimes episode "There's No Place Like Home", a suspect's alibi was that he was doing the song karaoke. The Major Crimes squad watched his performance for a minute but quickly shut it off when the suspect started dancing. At the end of the episode, the credits were played over a scene of the man singing and dancing to the song with a partner rather than the regular black screen.
In 2014, the song was recorded by Kerry Ellis and Joe McElderry for Ellis' self-titled album.[12]
In 2015, on the 21st season of U.S reality/competition show Dancing with the Stars wildlife expert Bindi Irwin and her dance partner Derek Hough danced the rumba to it on week 6 and got the highest score of the night.
In 2016, Jodie Sweetin and Macy Gray covered the song in the third episode of Fuller House "Funner House" while Candace Cameron Bure and Andrea Barber danced to "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" in the same episode.
In 2016, The Netherlands LuckyTV released a video that lip-synched the second Clinton-Trump presidential debate to the song so that it looked like Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton were singing a duet.[13] The video later went viral on YouTube, with approximately 777,000 views in the first day.[14]
British rock band The Darkness play the song after their gigs are finished.
In 2017, during the credits of the Bob's Burgers episode "Thelma & Louise Except Thelma is Linda", Teddy (Larry Murphy) and Bob (H. Jon Benjamin) sing it.
Near the end of the 2017 horror film Get Out, the character Rose Armitage (Allison Williams) listens to the song while eating a bowl of Froot Loops and scanning internet dating websites for her family's next victim.
In 2018, the song was featured in an ad for the NFL during Super Bowl LII, with Eli Manning and Odell Beckham Jr. recreating the dance scene from Dirty Dancing.
Formats and track listings[edit]
7" single
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life" (4:47)
"Love Is Strange" by Mickey & Sylvia (2:52)
12" maxi and CD single
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life" (4:47)
"In the Still of the Night" by The Five Satins (2:59)
"Love Is Strange" by Mickey & Sylvia (2:53)
"Overload" by Zappacosta (3:39)
Cassette
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life" (4:47)
"In the Still of the Night" by The Five Satins (2:59)
"Love Is Strange" by Mickey & Sylvia (2:53)
"Overload" by Zappacosta (3:39)
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1987–1988)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[15] 1
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[16] 3
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[17] 1
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[18] 1
Germany (Official German Charts)[19] 5
Ireland (IRMA)[20] 5
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[21] 1
South Africa (Springbok Radio)[22] 1
Spain (AFYVE)[23] 5
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[24] 12
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[25] 5
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[26] 6
US Billboard Hot 100[27] 1
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[28] 1
Chart (1990)
Peak
position
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[29] 8
Chart (1991)
Peak
position
Ireland (IRMA)[20] 17
Chart (1992)
Peak
position
France (SNEP)[30] 5
Chart (1993)
Peak
position
France (SNEP)[30] 48
Chart (2013)
Peak
position
Slovenia (SloTop50)[31] 16
Chart (2017)
Peak
position
Poland (Polish Airplay Top 100)[32] 40
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1987)
Position
U.S. Billboard Hot 100 [33] 27
Chart (1988)
Position
Australian Singles Chart[34] 1
Austrian Singles Chart[35] 28
Belgian (Flanders) Singles Chart[36] 1
Canada [37] 32
Dutch Top 40[38] 1
New Zealand [39] 37
South Africa [40] 2
Certifications[edit]
Country
Certification
Date
Sales certified
Australia[41] Gold 1988 35,000
Canada[42] Gold January 12, 1988 50,000
Netherlands[43] Platinum 1988 60,000
U.S.[44] Gold February 24, 1989 500,000
See also[edit]
The Time (Dirty Bit)
List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 1987 (U.S.)
List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 1987 (U.S.)
List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s
List of Dutch Top 40 number-one singles of 1988
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 136. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ Robert Dye (October 10, 2014). "The Times In His Life: A Q&A With Franke Previte". American Songwriter.
Jump up ^ "Lost Soundtrack Classics: "You're the Best"". popdose.com. Retrieved August 28, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "(I've Had) The Time of My Life by Bill Medley and Jennifer Warnes". Song Facts.
Jump up ^ Bill Medley (April 24, 2014). The Time of My Life: A Righteous Brother's Memoir. Da Capo Press. pp. 138–139. ISBN 978-0306823169.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2002). Top Adult Contemporary: 1961-2001. Record Research. p. 167.
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 359. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ "John DeNicola Bio". Archived from the original on 2016-01-14.
Jump up ^ Best of Mundart and Duets, track listings and charts Lescharts.com (Retrieved July 25, 2008)
Jump up ^ Sam Milby and Toni Gonzaga--I've had the time of my life Cover https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRABcfKRnLQ
Jump up ^ "Retrieved 7 January 2014". Kalahari.com. 2011-09-20. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 2014-03-20.
Jump up ^ "Kerry Ellis by Kerry Ellis on Apple Music". iTunes. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Spata, Christopher (October 10, 2016). "Watch Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton Sing 'Time of My Life' During the Presidential Debate". Complex. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ernst, Douglas (October 11, 2016). "Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton '(I've Had) The Time of My Life' debate video goes viral". The Washington Times. Retrieved October 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
Jump up ^ Canada, Library and Archives (17 July 2013). "Image : RPM Weekly". bac-lac.gc.ca. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life". GfK Entertainment Charts.
^ Jump up to: a b Irish Single Chart Irishcharts.ie (Retrieved April 7, 2008)
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
Jump up ^ "SA Charts 1965–March 1989". Retrieved 5 September 2018.
Jump up ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life". Singles Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life". Swiss Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Bill Medley: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bill Medley Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bill Medley Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" (1990 issue), UK Singles Chart. Chartstats.com. Retrieved April 7, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "Lescharts.com – Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes – (I've Had) The Time of My Life" (in French). Les classement single.
Jump up ^ "SloTop50: Slovenian official singles weekly chart" (in Slovenian). SloTop50. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
Jump up ^ "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://www.musicoutfitters.com/topsongs/1987.htm
Jump up ^ 1988 Australian Singles Chart. aria.com. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ 1988 Austrian Singles Chart Austriancharts.at. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ "1988 Belgian Flanders Singles Chart" (in Dutch). ultratop.be. Retrieved 7 March 2014.
Jump up ^ http://hitsofalldecades.com/chart_hits/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=175&Itemid=49
Jump up ^ "Single top 100 over 1988" (PDF) (in Dutch). Top40. Retrieved 22 September 2010.
Jump up ^ http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/?chart=3877
Jump up ^ "Top 20 Hit Singles of 1988". Retrieved 2 September 2018.
Jump up ^ "ARIA End Of Year Singles 1988". Australian Recording Industry Association. 1989. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ Canada certifications Archived 2009-04-12 at the Wayback Machine.. cria.ca. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ Dutch certifications Archived 2010-01-13 at WebCite. nvpi.nl. Retrieved December 9, 2008.
Jump up ^ U.S. certifications Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine.. riaa.com. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
show
v
t
e
Dirty Dancing
Films
Dirty Dancing (1987)
Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights (2004)
Dirty Dancing (2017)
Television
Dirty Dancing (1988)
Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life
Soundtracks
Dirty Dancing
More Dirty Dancing
Ultimate Dirty Dancing
show
v
t
e
Bill Medley
Albums
Damn Near Righteous
Singles
"Statue of a Fool"
"Don't Know Much"
"I Still Do"
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life"
Portal:R&B and Soul Music
show
v
t
e
Jennifer Warnes
Studio albums
Jennifer
Jennifer Warnes
Shot Through the Heart
Famous Blue Raincoat
The Hunter
The Well
Singles
"Easy to Be Hard"
"Right Time of the Night"
"Don't Make Me Over"
"It Goes Like It Goes"
"Up Where We Belong"
"All the Right Moves"
"First We Take Manhattan"
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life"
Compilations
Best of Jennifer Warnes
Love Lifts Us Up: A Collection 1968-83
show
v
t
e
Academy Award for Best Original Song
1934–1940
"The Continental"
Music: Con Conrad
Lyrics: Herb Magidson (1934)
"Lullaby of Broadway"
Music: Harry Warren
Lyrics: Al Dubin (1935)
"The Way You Look Tonight"
Music: Jerome Kern
Lyrics: Dorothy Fields (1936)
"Sweet Leilani"
Music and lyrics: Harry Owens (1937)
"Thanks for the Memory"
Music: Ralph Rainger
Lyrics: Leo Robin (1938)
"Over the Rainbow"
Music: Harold Arlen
Lyrics: E. Y. Harburg (1939)
"When You Wish Upon a Star"
Music: Leigh Harline
Lyrics: Ned Washington (1940)
1941–1950
"The Last Time I Saw Paris"
Music: Jerome Kern
Lyrics: Oscar Hammerstein II (1941)
"White Christmas"
Music and lyrics: Irving Berlin (1942)
"You'll Never Know"
Music: Harry Warren
Lyrics: Mack Gordon (1943)
"Swinging on a Star"
Music: Jimmy Van Heusen
Lyrics: Johnny Burke (1944)
"It Might as Well Be Spring"
Music: Richard Rodgers
Lyrics: Oscar Hammerstein II (1945)
"On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe"
Music: Harry Warren
Lyrics: Johnny Mercer (1946)
"Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah"
Music: Allie Wrubel
Lyrics: Ray Gilbert (1947)
"Buttons and Bows"
Music: Jay Livingston
Lyrics: Ray Evans (1948)
"Baby, It's Cold Outside"
Music and lyrics: Frank Loesser (1949)
"Mona Lisa"
Music and lyrics: Ray Evans and Jay Livingston (1950)
1951–1960
"In the Cool, Cool, Cool of the Evening"
Music: Hoagy Carmichael
Lyrics: Johnny Mercer (1951)
"High Noon (Do Not Forsake Me, Oh My Darlin')"
Music: Dimitri Tiomkin
Lyrics: Ned Washington (1952)
"Secret Love"
Music: Sammy Fain
Lyrics: Paul Francis Webster (1953)
"Three Coins in the Fountain"
Music: Jule Styne
Lyrics: Sammy Cahn (1954)
"Love Is a Many Splendored Thing"
Music: Sammy Fain
Lyrics: Paul Francis Webster (1955)
"Que Sera, Sera (Whatever Will Be, Will Be)"
Music and lyrics: Jay Livingston and Ray Evans (1956)
"All the Way"
Music: Jimmy Van Heusen
Lyrics: Sammy Cahn (1957)
"Gigi"
Music: Frederick Loewe
Lyrics: Alan Jay Lerner (1958)
"High Hopes"
Music: Jimmy Van Heusen
Lyrics: Sammy Cahn (1959)
"Never on Sunday"
Music and lyrics: Manos Hatzidakis (1960)
1961–1970
"Moon River"
Music: Henry Mancini
Lyrics: Johnny Mercer (1961)
"Days of Wine and Roses"
Music: Henry Mancini
Lyrics: Johnny Mercer (1962)
"Call Me Irresponsible"
Music: Jimmy Van Heusen
Lyrics: Sammy Cahn (1963)
"Chim Chim Cher-ee"
Music and lyrics: Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman (1964)
"The Shadow of Your Smile"
Music: Johnny Mandel
Lyrics: Paul Francis Webster (1965)
"Born Free"
Music: John Barry
Lyrics: Don Black (1966)
"Talk to the Animals"
Music and lyrics: Leslie Bricusse (1967)
"The Windmills of Your Mind"
Music: Michel Legrand
Lyrics: Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1968)
"Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head"
Music: Burt Bacharach
Lyrics: Hal David (1969)
"For All We Know"
Music: Fred Karlin
Lyrics: Robb Royer and Jimmy Griffin (1970)
1971–1980
"Theme from Shaft"
Music and lyrics: Isaac Hayes (1971)
"The Morning After"
Music and lyrics: Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn (1972)
"The Way We Were"
Music: Marvin Hamlisch
Lyrics: Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1973)
"We May Never Love Like This Again"
Music and lyrics: Al Kasha and Joel Hirschhorn (1974)
"I'm Easy"
Music and lyrics: Keith Carradine (1975)
"Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)"
Music: Barbra Streisand
Lyrics: Paul Williams (1976)
"You Light Up My Life"
Music and lyrics: Joseph Brooks (1977)
"Last Dance"
Music and lyrics: Paul Jabara (1978)
"It Goes Like It Goes"
Music: David Shire
Lyrics: Norman Gimbel (1979)
"Fame"
Music: Michael Gore
Lyrics: Dean Pitchford (1980)
1981–1990
"Arthur's Theme (Best That You Can Do)"
Music and lyrics: Burt Bacharach, Carole Bayer Sager, Christopher Cross and Peter Allen (1981)
"Up Where We Belong"
Music: Jack Nitzsche and Buffy Sainte-Marie
Lyrics: Will Jennings (1982)
"Flashdance... What a Feeling"
Music: Giorgio Moroder
Lyrics: Keith Forsey and Irene Cara (1983)
"I Just Called to Say I Love You"
Music and lyrics: Stevie Wonder (1984)
"Say You, Say Me"
Music and lyrics: Lionel Richie (1985)
"Take My Breath Away"
Music: Giorgio Moroder
Lyrics: Tom Whitlock (1986)
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life"
Music: Franke Previte, John DeNicola and Donald Markowitz
Lyrics: Franke Previte (1987)
"Let the River Run"
Music and lyrics: Carly Simon (1988)
"Under the Sea"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Howard Ashman (1989)
"Sooner or Later (I Always Get My Man)"
Music and lyrics: Stephen Sondheim (1990)
1991–2000
"Beauty and the Beast"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Howard Ashman (1991)
"A Whole New World"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Tim Rice (1992)
"Streets of Philadelphia"
Music and lyrics: Bruce Springsteen (1993)
"Can You Feel the Love Tonight"
Music: Elton John
Lyrics: Tim Rice (1994)
"Colors of the Wind"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Stephen Schwartz (1995)
"You Must Love Me"
Music: Andrew Lloyd Webber
Lyrics: Tim Rice (1996)
"My Heart Will Go On"
Music: James Horner
Lyrics: Will Jennings (1997)
"When You Believe"
Music and lyrics: Stephen Schwartz (1998)
"You'll Be in My Heart"
Music and lyrics: Phil Collins (1999)
"Things Have Changed"
Music and lyrics: Bob Dylan (2000)
2001–2010
"If I Didn't Have You"
Music and lyrics: Randy Newman (2001)
"Lose Yourself"
Music: Eminem, Jeff Bass and Luis Resto
Lyrics: Eminem (2002)
"Into the West"
Music and lyrics: Fran Walsh, Howard Shore and Annie Lennox (2003)
"Al otro lado del río"
Music and lyrics: Jorge Drexler (2004)
"It's Hard out Here for a Pimp"
Music and lyrics: Juicy J, Frayser Boy and DJ Paul (2005)
"I Need to Wake Up"
Music and lyrics: Melissa Etheridge (2006)
"Falling Slowly"
Music and lyrics: Glen Hansard and Markéta Irglová (2007)
"Jai Ho"
Music: A. R. Rahman
Lyrics: Gulzar (2008)
"The Weary Kind"
Music and lyrics: Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett (2009)
"We Belong Together"
Music and lyrics: Randy Newman (2010)
2011–present
"Man or Muppet"
Music and lyrics: Bret McKenzie (2011)
"Skyfall"
Music and lyrics: Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth (2012)
"Let It Go"
Music and lyrics: Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez (2013)
"Glory"
Music and lyrics: John Stephens and Lonnie Lynn (2014)
"Writing's on the Wall"
Music and lyrics: James Napier and Sam Smith (2015)
"City of Stars"
Music: Justin Hurwitz
Lyrics: Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2016)
"Remember Me"
Music and lyrics: Kristen Anderson-Lopez and Robert Lopez (2017)
show
v
t
e
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song
1960s
"Town Without Pity" Lyrics by Ned Washington, Music by Dimitri Tiomkin (1961)
"Circus World" Lyrics by Ned Washington, Music by Dimitri Tiomkin (1964)
"Forget Domani" Lyrics by Norman Newell, Music by Riz Ortolani (1965)
"Strangers in the Night" Lyrics by Charles Singleton, Eddie Snyder, Music by Bert Kaempfert (1966)
"If Ever I Would Leave You" Lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner, Music by Frederick Loewe (1967)
"The Windmills of Your Mind" Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Music by Michel Legrand (1968)
"Jean" Music & Lyrics by Rod McKuen (1969)
1970s
"Whistling Away the Dark" Lyrics by Johnny Mercer, Music by Henry Mancini (1970)
"Life Is What You Make It" Lyrics by Johnny Mercer, Music by Marvin Hamlisch (1971)
"Ben" Lyrics by Don Black, Music by Walter Scharf (1972)
"The Way We Were" Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Music by Marvin Hamlisch (1973)
"I Feel Love" Lyrics by Betty Box, Music by Euel Box (1974)
"I'm Easy" Music & Lyrics by Keith Carradine (1975)
"Evergreen" Lyrics by Paul Williams, Music by Barbra Streisand (1976)
"You Light Up My Life" Music & Lyrics by Joseph Brooks (1977)
"Last Dance" Music & Lyrics by Paul Jabara (1978)
"The Rose" Music & Lyrics by Amanda McBroom (1979)
1980s
"Fame" Lyrics by Dean Pitchford, Music by Michael Gore (1980)
"Arthur's Theme (Best That You Can Do)" Music & Lyrics by Peter Allen, Burt Bacharach, Christopher Cross, & Carole Bayer Sager (1981)
"Up Where We Belong" Lyrics by Wilbur Jennings, Music by Jack Nitzsche & Buffy Sainte-Marie (1982)
"Flashdance... What a Feeling" Lyrics by Irene Cara, Keith Forsey, Music by Giorgio Moroder (1983)
"I Just Called to Say I Love You" Music & Lyrics by Stevie Wonder (1984)
"Say You, Say Me" Music & Lyrics by Lionel Richie (1985)
"Take My Breath Away" Lyrics by Tom Whitlock, Music by Giorgio Moroder (1986)
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life" Lyrics by Franke Previte, Music by John DeNicola & Donald Markowitz (1987)
"Let the River Run" Music & Lyrics by Carly Simon/"Two Hearts" Lyrics by Phil Collins, Music by Lamont Dozier (1988)
"Under the Sea" Lyrics by Howard Ashman, Music by Alan Menken (1989)
1990s
"Blaze of Glory" Music & Lyrics by Jon Bon Jovi (1990)
"Beauty and the Beast" Lyrics by Howard Ashman, Music by Alan Menken (1991)
"A Whole New World" Lyrics by Tim Rice, Music by Alan Menken (1992)
"Streets of Philadelphia" Music & Lyrics by Bruce Springsteen (1993)
"Can You Feel the Love Tonight" Lyrics by Tim Rice, Music by Elton John (1994)
"Colors of the Wind" Lyrics by Stephen Schwartz, Music by Alan Menken (1995)
"You Must Love Me" Lyrics by Tim Rice, Music by Andrew Lloyd Webber (1996)
"My Heart Will Go On" Lyrics by Wilbur Jennings, Music by James Horner (1997)
"The Prayer" Music & Lyrics by David Foster, Tony Renis, Carole Bayer Sager, Alberto Testa (1998)
"You'll Be in My Heart" Music & Lyrics by Phil Collins (1999)
2000s
"Things Have Changed" Music and lyrics by Bob Dylan (2000)
"Until..." Music and lyrics by Sting (2001)
"The Hands That Built America" Music and lyrics by Bono, Adam Clayton, The Edge & Larry Mullen Jr. (2002)
"Into the West" Music and lyrics by Annie Lennox, Howard Shore & Frances Walsh (2003)
"Old Habits Die Hard" Music and lyrics by Mick Jagger & David A. Stewart (2004)
"A Love That Will Never Grow Old" Lyrics by Bernie Taupin, Music by Gustavo Santaolalla (2005)
"The Song of the Heart" Music and lyrics by Prince Rogers Nelson (2006)
"Guaranteed" Music and lyrics by Eddie Vedder (2007)
"The Wrestler" Music and lyrics by Bruce Springsteen (2008)
"The Weary Kind" Music and lyrics by Ryan Bingham & T Bone Burnett (2009)
2010s
"You Haven't Seen the Last of Me" Music & Lyrics by Diane Warren (2010)
"Masterpiece" Music & Lyrics by Madonna, Julie Frost and Jimmy Harry (2011)
"Skyfall" by Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth (2012)
"Ordinary Love" by U2 and Danger Mouse (2013)
"Glory" by Common and John Legend (2014)
"Writing's on the Wall" by Sam Smith and Jimmy Napes (2015)
"City of Stars" by Justin Hurwitz, Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2016)
"This Is Me" by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2017)
Complete List
(1960s)
(1970s)
(1980s)
(1990s)
(2000s)
(2010s)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=(I%27ve_Had)_The_Time_of_My_Life&oldid=862257285"
Categories:
1987 singles
1992 singles
Bill Medley songs
Jennifer Warnes songs
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles
Number-one singles in Australia
Dutch Top 40 number-one singles
RPM Top Singles number-one singles
Number-one singles in South Africa
Best Original Song Golden Globe winning songs
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songs
Songs from Dirty Dancing
Vocal duets
1987 songs
Songs written by Franke Previte
Songs written by John DeNicola
RCA Records singles
Hidden categories:
CS1 Slovenian-language sources (sl)
CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)
Webarchive template wayback links
Webarchive template webcite links
Articles with hAudio microformats
Singlechart usages for Australia
Singlechart usages for Austria
Singlechart usages for Flanders
Singlechart usages for Germany2
Singlechart usages for Dutch40
Singlechart usages for Sweden
Singlechart usages for Swiss
Singlechart usages for UKsinglesbyname
Singlechart usages for Billboardhot100
Singlechart called without song
Singlechart usages for Billboardadultcontemporary
Singlechart usages for France
Singlechart usages for Poland
Singlechart called without artist
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Español
Français
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Nederlands
Português
Русский
Simple English
Svenska
4 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 3 October 2018, at 05:37 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes - (I've Had) The Time of My Life single cover.jpg

attrs: colspan style

values:
/wiki/Adult_contemporary
mw-redirect
Adult contemporary

values:
/wiki/Academy_Award
mw-redirect
Academy Award

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Hot_Adult_Contemporary
mw-redirect
Hot Adult Contemporary

values: Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song

values: Edit section: Cover versions and samples

values:
/wiki/Glamour_model
mw-redirect
Glamour model

values: The Beginning (The Black Eyed Peas album)

values:
/wiki/Time_of_My_Life_(2011_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Time of My Life (2011 TV series)

values: United States presidential election debates, 2016

values: Edit section: Formats and track listings

values:
col
240
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry

values: width: 50%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
/wiki/Guinness_World_Records_Limited
mw-redirect
Guinness World Records Limited

values:
/wiki/Record_Research
mw-redirect
Record Research

values:
nofollow
external text
http://john-denicola.com/Bio/index.html

values:
/wiki/Polish_Music_Charts
mw-redirect
Polish Music Charts

values:
nofollow
external free
http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/?chart=3877

values: Australian Recording Industry Association

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.cria.ca/cert_db_search.php

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Template talk:Dirty Dancing (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
Bill_Medley
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

values: nowraplinks vcard collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
Jennifer_Warnes
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values: All the Right Moves (Jennifer Warnes and Chris Thompson song)

values: Template:Academy Award Best Original Song

values: Template talk:Academy Award Best Original Song

values:
row
navbox-group
background: #EEDD82;width:1%

values: On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe

values: Que Sera, Sera (Whatever Will Be, Will Be)

values: The Morning After (Maureen McGovern song)

values: Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: Template talk:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song

values: Circus World (song) (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/If_Ever_I_Would_Leave_You
mw-redirect
If Ever I Would Leave You

values: Whistling Away the Dark (page does not exist)

values: I Feel Love (Charlie Rich song) (page does not exist)

values: The Prayer (Celine Dion and Andrea Bocelli song)

values: Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 1960s

values: Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 1970s

values: Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 1980s

values: Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 1990s

values: Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 2000s

values: Template:Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song 2010s

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Category:Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles

values: Category:Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles

values: Category:Number-one singles in Australia

values: Category:Dutch Top 40 number-one singles

values: Category:RPM Top Singles number-one singles

values: Category:Number-one singles in South Africa

values: Category:Best Original Song Golden Globe winning songs

values: Category:Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songs

values: Category:Songs written by Franke Previte

values: Category:CS1 Slovenian-language sources (sl)

values: Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Webarchive template webcite links

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Australia

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Flanders

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Germany2

values: Category:Singlechart usages for UKsinglesbyname

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Billboardhot100

values: Category:Singlechart called without song

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Billboardadultcontemporary

values: Category:Singlechart called without artist

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/(I%27ve_Had)_The_Time_of_My_Life
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: (I've Had) The Time of My Life – Spanish

values: (I've Had) The Time of My Life – Indonesian

values: (I've Had) The Time of My Life – Italian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: (I've Had) The Time of My Life – Portuguese

values: (I’ve Had) The Time of My Life – Russian

values: (I've Had) The Time of My Life – Simple English

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values: (I've Had) The Time of My Life – Swedish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-_I_ve_Had_The_Time_of_My_Life rootpage-_I_ve_Had_The_Time_of_My_Life skin-vector action-view


text:
Landlocked country
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Landlocked" redirects here. For property inaccessible by a public road, see Landlocked parcel.
Landlocked countries: 42 landlocked (green), 2 doubly landlocked (purple)
A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 49 such countries, including five partially recognised states. Only two, Bolivia and Paraguay in South America, lie outside Afro-Eurasia (the Old World).
As a rule, being landlocked creates political and economic handicaps that access to the high seas avoids. For this reason, states large and small across history have striven to gain access to open waters, even at great expense in wealth, bloodshed, and political capital.
The economic disadvantages of being landlocked can be alleviated or aggravated depending on degree of development, language barriers, and other considerations. Some historically landlocked countries are quite affluent, such as Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, and Austria, all of which frequently employ neutrality to their political advantage. The majority, however, are classified as Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs).[1] 9 of the 12 countries with the lowest Human Development Indices (HDI) are landlocked.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Significance
1.1 Efforts to avoid being landlocked
1.2 Trade agreements
1.3 Political repercussions
2 By degree
2.1 Landlocked by a single country
2.2 Landlocked by two countries
2.3 Doubly landlocked
3 List of landlocked countries and territories
4 See also
5 References
Significance[edit]
Bolivia's loss of its coastline in the War of the Pacific (1879–1884) remains a major political issue
Historically, being landlocked has been disadvantageous to a country's development. It cuts a nation off from important sea resources such as fishing, and impedes or prevents direct access to seaborne trade, a crucial component of economic and social advance. As such, coastal regions tended to be wealthier and more heavily populated than inland ones. Paul Collier in his book The Bottom Billion argues that being landlocked in a poor geographic neighborhood is one of four major development "traps" by which a country can be held back. In general, he found that when a neighboring country experiences better growth, it tends to spill over into favorable development for the country itself. For landlocked countries, the effect is particularly strong, as they are limited in their trading activity with the rest of the world. He states, "If you are coastal, you serve the world; if you are landlocked, you serve your neighbors."[3] Others have argued that being landlocked may actually be a blessing as it creates a "natural tariff barrier" which protects the country from cheap imports. In some instances, this has led to more robust local food systems.[4][5]
Landlocked developing countries have significantly higher costs of international cargo transportation compared to coastal developing countries (in Asia the ratio is 3:1).[6]
Efforts to avoid being landlocked[edit]
Countries thus have made particular efforts to avoid being landlocked, by acquiring land that reaches the sea:
As result of a 2005 territorial exchange with Ukraine, Moldova received a 600 m-long bank of the Danube River (which is an international waterway), subsequently building its Port of Giurgiulești there.
The International Congo Society, which owned the territory now constituting the Democratic Republic of the Congo, was awarded a narrow piece of land cutting through Angola to connect it to the sea by the Conference of Berlin in 1885.
The Republic of Ragusa once gave the town of Neum to the Ottoman Empire because it did not want to have a land border with Venice; this small municipality was inherited by Bosnia and Herzegovina and now provides limited sea access, splitting the Croatian part of the Adriatic coast in two. Since Bosnia and Herzegovina is a new country, railways and ports have not been built for its need. There is no freight port along its short coastline at Neum, making it effectively landlocked, although there are plans to change this. Instead the port of Ploče in Croatia is used.
After World War I, in the Treaty of Versailles, a part of Germany designated "the Polish corridor" was given to the new Second Polish Republic, for access to the Baltic Sea. This gave Poland a short coastline, but without a large harbour. This was also the pretext for making Danzig (now Gdańsk) with its harbour the Free City of Danzig, to which Poland was given free access. However, the Germans placed obstacles to this free access, especially when it came to military material. In response, the small fishing harbour of Gdynia was soon greatly enlarged.
Until the dissolution of Austria–Hungary in 1918 at the end of World War I, Austrians, Hungarians and that empire's other nationalities had served in that country's navy, but since then, Austria and Hungary have both been landlocked countries.
Trade agreements[edit]
Countries can make agreements on getting free transport of goods through neighbour countries:
The Treaty of Versailles required Germany to offer Czechoslovakia a lease for 99 years of parts of the ports in Hamburg and Stettin, allowing Czechoslovakia sea trade via the Elbe and Oder rivers. Stettin was annexed by Poland after World War II, but Hamburg continued the contract so that part of the port (now called Moldauhafen) may still be used for sea trade by a successor of Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic.
The Danube is an international waterway, and thus landlocked Austria, Hungary, Moldova, Serbia, and Slovakia have secure access to the Black Sea (the same access is given to inland parts of Germany and Croatia, though Germany and Croatia are not landlocked). However, oceangoing ships cannot use the Danube, so cargo must be transloaded anyway, and many overseas imports into Austria and Hungary use land transport from Atlantic and Mediterranean ports. A similar situation exists for the Rhine river where Switzerland has boat access, but not oceangoing ships. Luxembourg has such through the Moselle, but Liechtenstein has no boat access, even though it is located along the Rhine, as the Rhine is not navigable that far upstream.
The Mekong is an international waterway so that landlocked Laos has access to the South China Sea (since Laos became independent from French Indochina). However, it is not navigable due to the Khone Phapheng Falls.
Free ports allow transshipment to short-distance ships or river vessels.
The TIR Treaty allows sealed road transport without customs checks and charges, mostly in Europe.
Political repercussions[edit]
Losing access to the sea is generally a great blow to a nation, politically, militarily, and economically. The following are examples of countries becoming landlocked.
The independence of Eritrea, brought about by successful separatist movements, has caused Ethiopia to become landlocked.
Montenegro's decision to abandon the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro caused the federal unit of Serbia to become a landlocked independent state.
Bolivia lost its coastline to Chile in the War of the Pacific and accepted it in treaties signed in 1884 and 1904. The last treaty gives port storage facilities and special treatment for the transit of goods from and to Bolivia through Chilean ports and territory. Peru and Argentina have also given special treatment for the transit of goods. A fluvial Bolivian Navy, which did not exist at the time of the War of the Pacific, was created later and both train and operates in Lake Titicaca and rivers. The Bolivian people annually celebrate a patriotic "Dia del Mar" (Day of the Sea) to remember its territorial loss, which included both the coastal city of Antofagasta and what has proven to be one of the most significant and lucrative copper deposits in the world. Early in the 21st century, the selection of the route of gas pipes from Bolivia to the sea fueled popular uprisings, as people were against the option of laying the pipes through Chilean territory.
Austria and Hungary also lost their access to the sea as a consequence of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) and the Treaty of Trianon (1920) respectively. Previously, although Croatia had a limited constitutional autonomy within the Kingdom of Hungary, the City of Fiume/Rijeka on the Croatian coast was governed directly from Budapest by an appointed governor as a corpus separatum, to provide Hungary with its only international port in the periods 1779–1813, 1822–1848 and 1868–1918.
By 1801, the Nizam's dominion of Hyderabad State assumed the shape it is now remembered for: that of a landlocked princely state with territories in central Deccan, bounded on all sides by British India, whereas 150 years earlier it had had a considerable coastline on the Bay of Bengal which was annexed by the British.[7]
It is possible that one of the causes of the Paraguayan War was Paraguay's lack of direct ocean access (although this is disputed; see the linked article).
When the Entente Powers divided the former Ottoman Empire under the Treaty of Sèvres at the close of World War I, Armenia was promised part of the Trebizond vilayet (roughly corresponding to the modern Trabzon and Rize provinces in Turkey). This would have given Armenia access to the Black Sea. However, the Sèvres treaty collapsed with the Turkish War of Independence and was superseded by the Treaty of Lausanne, which firmly established Turkish rule over the area.
In 2011, South Sudan broke off from Sudan, causing the former to become landlocked. There still remains conflict over the oil fields in South Sudan between the two countries.
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea now gives a landlocked country a right of access to and from the sea without taxation of traffic through transit states. The United Nations has a programme of action to assist landlocked developing countries,[8] and the current responsible Undersecretary-General is Anwarul Karim Chowdhury.
Some countries have a long coastline, but much of it may not be readily usable for trade and commerce. For instance, in its early history, Russia's only ports were on the Arctic Ocean and frozen shut for much of the year. The wish to gain control of a warm-water port was a major motivator of Russian expansion towards the Baltic Sea, Black Sea and Pacific Ocean. On the other hand, some landlocked countries can have access to the ocean along wide navigable rivers. For instance, Paraguay (and Bolivia to a lesser extent) have access to the ocean by the Paraguay and Parana rivers.
Several countries have coastlines on landlocked seas, such as the Caspian and the Dead. Since these seas are in effect lakes without access to wider seaborne trade, countries such as Kazakhstan are still considered landlocked. Although the Caspian Sea is connected to the Black Sea via the man-made Volga–Don Canal, large oceangoing ships are unable to traverse it.
By degree[edit]
Landlocked countries may be bordered by a single country having access to the high seas, two or more such countries, or be surrounded by other landlocked countries, making a country doubly landlocked.
Landlocked by a single country[edit]
Three countries are landlocked by a single country (enclaved countries):
Lesotho, a state surrounded by South Africa.
San Marino, a state surrounded by Italy.
Vatican City, a state forming part of Rome, thus surrounded by Italy.
Landlocked by two countries[edit]
Seven landlocked countries are surrounded by only two mutually bordering neighbours (semi-enclaved countries):
Andorra (between France and Spain)
Bhutan (between India and China)
Liechtenstein (one of the "doubly landlocked" countries, between Switzerland and Austria)
Moldova (between Ukraine and Romania)
Mongolia (between Russia and China)
Nepal (between India and China)
Swaziland (between South Africa and Mozambique)
To this group could be added two de facto states with no or limited international recognition:
South Ossetia (between Russia and Georgia)
Transnistria (between Ukraine and Moldova)
Doubly landlocked[edit]
A country is "doubly landlocked" or "double-landlocked" when it is surrounded entirely by one or more landlocked countries (requiring the crossing of at least two national borders to reach a coastline).[9][10]
Liechtenstein in Central Europe, surrounded by Switzerland and Austria.[11]
Uzbekistan in Central Asia, surrounded by Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.[12]
There were no doubly landlocked countries in recent times from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the end of World War I. Liechtenstein bordered the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which had an Adriatic coastline, and Uzbekistan was then part of the Russian Empire, which had both ocean and sea access.
With the dissolution of Austria-Hungary in 1918 and creation of an independent, landlocked Austria, Liechtenstein became the sole doubly landlocked country until 1938. In the Nazi Anschluss that year, Austria was absorbed into the Third Reich, which possessed a border on the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. After World War II, Austria regained its independence and Liechtenstein once again became doubly landlocked.
Uzbekistan, which had been absorbed by the new Soviet Union upon the toppling of the Russian throne in 1917, gained its independence with the dissolution of the U.S.S.R. in 1991 and became the second doubly landlocked country.
However, Uzbekistan's doubly landlocked status depends on the Caspian Sea's status dispute: some countries, especially Iran and Turkmenistan, claim that the Caspian Sea should be considered as a real sea (mainly because this way they would have larger oil and gas fields), which would make Uzbekistan only a simple landlocked country because its neighbours Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan have access to the Caspian Sea.
List of landlocked countries and territories[edit]
Country
Area (km2)
Population
Cluster
Surrounding countries
Count
Afghanistan 652,230 33,369,945 Central Asia Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, China, Pakistan 6
Andorra 468 84,082 (none) France, Spain 2
Armenia[e] 29,743 3,254,300 Caucasia Iran, Turkey, Georgia, Azerbaijan 4
Austria 83,871 8,572,895 Central Europe Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Liechtenstein, Switzerland 8
Azerbaijan[a][e] 86,600 8,997,401 Caucasia Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Turkey 4
Belarus 207,600 9,484,300 (none) Poland, Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, Latvia 5
Bhutan 38,394 691,141 (none) India, China 2
Bolivia 1,098,581 10,907,778 South America Peru, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, Paraguay 5
Botswana 582,000 1,990,876 Southern Africa Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa 4
Burkina Faso 274,222 15,746,232 Central Africa Mali, Niger, Benin, Togo, Ghana, Ivory Coast 6
Burundi 27,834 10,557,259 Central Africa Rwanda, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo 3
Central African Republic 622,984 4,422,000 Central Africa Chad, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, South Sudan 6
Chad 1,284,000 13,670,084 Central Africa Libya, Niger, Sudan, Central African Republic, Nigeria, Cameroon 6
Czech Republic 78,867 10,674,947 Central Europe Austria, Germany, Poland, Slovakia 4
Ethiopia 1,104,300 101,853,268 Central Africa Djibouti, Eritrea, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan 6
Hungary 93,028 10,005,000 Central Europe Austria, Croatia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine 7
Kazakhstan[a] 2,724,900 16,372,000 Central Asia China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan 5
Kosovo[c] 10,908 1,804,838 Central Europe Albania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia 4
Kyrgyzstan 199,951 5,482,000 Central Asia China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan 4
Laos 236,800 6,320,000 (none) Myanmar, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand 5
Lesotho[d] 30,355 2,067,000 (none) South Africa 1
Liechtenstein 160 35,789 Central Europe Switzerland, Austria 2
Luxembourg 2,586 502,202 (none) Belgium, Germany, France 3
Macedonia 25,713 2,114,550 Central Europe Kosovo, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania 5
Malawi 118,484 15,028,757 Southern Africa Zambia, Tanzania, Mozambique 3
Mali 1,240,192 14,517,176 Central Africa Algeria, Niger, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Senegal, Mauritania 7
Moldova 33,846 3,559,500 (Eastern Europe) Romania, Ukraine 2
Mongolia 1,566,500 2,892,876 (none) China, Russia 2
Artsakh[c] 11,458 146,600 Caucasia Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran 3
Nepal 147,181 26,494,504 (none) China, India 2
Niger 1,267,000 15,306,252 Central Africa Libya, Chad, Nigeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Algeria 7
Paraguay 406,752 6,349,000 South America Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia 3
Rwanda 26,338 10,746,311 Central Africa Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo 4
San Marino[d] 61 31,716 (none) Italy 1
Serbia 88,361 7,306,677 Central Europe Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania (via Kosovo and Metohija[c]) 8
Slovakia 49,035 5,429,763 Central Europe Austria, Czech Republic, Poland, Ukraine, Hungary 5
South Ossetia[c] 3,900 72,000 (none) Georgia, Russia 2
South Sudan 619,745 8,260,490 Central Africa Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic 6
Swaziland 17,364 1,185,000 (none) Mozambique, South Africa 2
Switzerland 41,284 7,785,600 Central Europe France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Austria, Italy 5
Tajikistan 143,100 7,349,145 Central Asia Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China 4
Transnistria[c] 4,163 505,153 (Eastern Europe) Moldova, Ukraine 2
Turkmenistan[a] 488,100 5,110,000 Central Asia Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran 4
Uganda 241,038 40,322,768 Central Africa Kenya, South Sudan, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Tanzania 5
Uzbekistan 449,100 32,606,007 Central Asia Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan 5
Vatican City[d] 0.44 826 (none) Italy 1
West Bank[b][c] 5,655 2,862,485 (none) Israel, Jordan 2
Zambia 752,612 12,935,000 Southern Africa Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Namibia, Angola 8
Zimbabwe 390,757 12,521,000 Southern Africa South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Mozambique 4
Total
14,776,228 475,818,737
Percentage of World
11.4% 6.9%
a Has a coastline on the saltwater Caspian Sea
b Has a coastline on the saltwater Dead Sea
c Disputed region with limited international recognition
d Landlocked by just one country
e Not fully recognized
They can be grouped in contiguous groups as follows:[13]
Central Asian cluster (6): Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
Central European cluster (9): Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo (partially recognized), Liechtenstein, Macedonia, Serbia, Slovakia and Switzerland
West, Central and East African cluster (10): Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Mali, Niger, Rwanda, South Sudan, Uganda
South African cluster (4): Botswana, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Caucasian cluster (3): Armenia, Azerbaijan, Artsakh (unrecognized)
South American cluster (2): Bolivia, Paraguay
If Transnistria is included then Moldova and Transnistria form their own cluster, listed in parentheses in the table.
If it were not for the 40 km (25 mi) of coastline at Muanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo would join the two African clusters into one, making them the biggest contiguous group in the world. Also, the Central Asian and Caucasian clusters can be considered contiguous, joined by the landlocked Caspian Sea. Mongolia is almost part of this cluster too, being separated from Kazakhstan by only 30 km (19 mi), across Russian or Chinese territory.
There are the following "single" landlocked countries (each of them borders no other landlocked country):
Africa (2): Lesotho, Swaziland
Asia (5): Bhutan, Laos, Mongolia, Nepal, West Bank (partially recognized)
Europe (6): Andorra, Belarus, Luxembourg, Moldova (if Transnistria is excluded), San Marino, and the State of the Vatican City
Caucasus (1): South Ossetia (partially recognized)
If the Caucasian countries and Kazakhstan are counted as part of Europe, then Europe has the most landlocked countries, at 20. If these transcontinental countries are included in Asia, then Africa has the most, at 16. Depending on the status of the three transcontinental countries, Asia has between 9 and 15, while South America has only 2. North America and Australia are the only continents with no landlocked countries (not including Antarctica, which has no countries).
See also[edit]
Geography portal
Convention on Transit Trade of Land-locked States
Declaration recognising the Right to a Flag of States having no Sea-coast
Enclave and exclave
Landlocked parcel, real estate plots with no legal access to a public roadway
List of countries and territories by land and maritime borders
List of countries that border only one other country
Navies of landlocked countries
List of landlocked U.S. states
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Paudel, R. C. (2012). "Landlockedness and Economic Growth: New Evidence". Growth and Export Performance of Developing Countries: Is Landlockedness Destiny? (PDF). Canberra, Australia: Australian National University. pp. 13–72.
Jump up ^ Faye, M. L.; McArthur, J. W.; Sachs, J. D.; Snow, T. (2004). "The Challenges Facing Landlocked Developing Countries". Journal of Human Development. 5 (1): 31–68 [pp. 31–32]. doi:10.1080/14649880310001660201.
Jump up ^ Collier, Paul (2007). The Bottom Billion. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 56, 57. ISBN 978-0-19-537338-7.
Jump up ^ Moseley, W. G.; Carney, J.; Becker, L. (2010). "Neoliberal Policy, Rural Livelihoods and Urban Food Security in West Africa: A Comparative Study of The Gambia, Côte d'Ivoire and Mali". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 107 (13): 5774–5779. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107.5774M. doi:10.1073/pnas.0905717107. PMC 2851933  .
Jump up ^ Moseley, W. G. (2011). "Lessons from the 2008 Global Food Crisis: Agro-Food Dynamics in Mali". Development in Practice. 21 (4–5): 604–612.
Jump up ^ United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2010). Review of Maritime Transport, 2010 (PDF). New York and Geneva: United Nations. p. 160. ISBN 978-92-1-112810-9. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Chopra, P. N.; Puri, B. N.; Das, M. N. A Comprehensive History of India. 3. p. 298.
Jump up ^ UN Report Archived 2011-09-28 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Dempsey Morais, Caitlin. "Landlocked Countries". Geolounge. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Landlocked Countries". About.com. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "IGU regional conference on environment and quality of life in central Europe". GeoJournal. 28 (4). 1992. doi:10.1007/BF00273120.
Jump up ^ CIA World Factbook Uzbekistan
Jump up ^ MacKellar, Landis; Wörgötter, Andreas; Wörz, Julia. "Economic Development Problems of Landlocked Countries" (PDF). Wien Institute for Advanced Studies. p. 12.
Authority control
GND: 4132789-5
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Landlocked_country&oldid=841657244"
Categories:
Landlocked countries
Physical geography
Country classifications
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from December 2017
Articles with permanently dead external links
Webarchive template wayback links
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Afrikaans
Alemannisch
العربية
Azərbaycanca
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
भोजपुरी
Български
Boarisch
Буряад
Català
Čeština
ChiShona
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Føroyskt
Français
Frysk
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Қазақша
Kurdî
ລາວ
Latina
Latviešu
Limburgs
Magyar
मैथिली
Македонски
മലയാളം
Malti
मराठी
მარგალური
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Монгол
မြန်မာဘာသာ
Nederlands
नेपाली
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Papiamentu
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Sesotho sa Leboa
Simple English
Slovenčina
Soomaaliga
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
తెలుగు
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Vèneto
Tiếng Việt
ייִדיש
粵語
中文
डोटेली
74 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 May 2018, at 05:49.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href class title

attrs: class style

value: b

values:
/wiki/Maritime_trade
mw-redirect
Maritime trade

values: Edit section: Efforts to avoid being landlocked

values:
/wiki/Danube_River
mw-redirect
Danube River

values:
/wiki/International_waterway
mw-redirect
International waterway

values:
/wiki/International_Congo_Society
mw-redirect
International Congo Society

values:
/wiki/Conference_of_Berlin
mw-redirect
Conference of Berlin

values:
/wiki/Polish_corridor
mw-redirect
Polish corridor

values:
/wiki/Moselle_(river)
mw-redirect
Moselle (river)

values:
/wiki/Mekong_River
mw-redirect
Mekong River

values: Montenegrin independence referendum, 2006

values:
/wiki/Dia_del_Mar
mw-redirect
Dia del Mar

values:
/wiki/British_India
mw-redirect
British India

values:
/wiki/Warm_water_port
mw-redirect
Warm water port

values:
/wiki/Parana_river
mw-redirect
Parana river

values: Edit section: Landlocked by a single country

values: Edit section: Landlocked by two countries

values:
/wiki/States_with_limited_recognition
mw-redirect
States with limited recognition

values:
/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire
mw-redirect
Austro-Hungarian Empire

values:
/wiki/Third_Reich
mw-redirect
Third Reich

values: Edit section: List of landlocked countries and territories

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: List of countries and dependencies by area

values:
/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population
mw-redirect
List of countries by population

values: Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: Journal of Human Development (page does not exist)

values: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0905717107

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00273120

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4132789-5

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2017

values: Category:Articles with permanently dead external links

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Landlocked_country
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-als
display: none;

values: دولة حبيسة – Arabic

values: Dənizə çıxışı olmayan dövlətlər – Azerbaijani

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values: Дзяржавы, якія не маюць выхаду да мора – Belarusian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Кантынэнтальная дзяржава – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values: भूपरिवेष्ठित राष्ट्र – Bhojpuri

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bh
display: none;

values: Континентални държави – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bar
display: none;

values: Далайда гаралгагүй уласууд – Russia Buriat

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Μεσόγειο κράτος – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: کشور محصور در خشکی – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Դեպի ծով ելք չունեցող պետություններ – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: स्थल-रुद्ध देश – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: מדינה ללא מוצא לים – Hebrew

values: ზღვაზე გასასვლელის არმქონე სახელმწიფოები – Georgian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values: Мұхитқа шыға алмайтын елдер – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ku
display: none;

values: ປະເທດທີ່ບໍ່ມີທາງອອກສູ່ທະເລ – Lao

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-li
display: none;

values: Tengerparttal nem rendelkező ország – Hungarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: भूपरिवेष्ठित राष्ट्र – Maithili

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mai
display: none;

values: Континентална држава – Macedonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values: കരയാൽ ചുറ്റപ്പെട്ട രാജ്യം – Malayalam

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mt
display: none;

values: भूपरिवेष्टित देश – Marathi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

values: ზუღაშ კარშა გიშალიშ უღვენი სახენწჷფოეფი – Mingrelian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arz
display: none;

values: Далайд гарцгүй улс – Mongolian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mn
display: none;

values: ကုန်းတွင်းပိတ်နိုင်ငံ – Burmese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-my
display: none;

values: भूपरिवेष्ठित राष्ट्र – Nepali

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ne
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values: Liste over verdens innlandsstater – Norwegian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pap
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Государства без выхода к морю – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nso
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-so
display: none;

values: دەوڵەتی دەورەدراو – Central Kurdish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

values: Континенталне земље – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: நிலம்சூழ் நாடு – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values: భూపరివేష్టిత దేశం – Telugu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-te
display: none;

values: ประเทศที่ไม่มีทางออกสู่ทะเล – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: Країни без виходу до моря – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: زمین بند ملک – Urdu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vec
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: לאנד איינגעשלאסן – Yiddish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-yi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values: भूपरिवेष्ठित राष्ट्र – Doteli

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-dty
display: none;

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Landlocked_country rootpage-Landlocked_country skin-vector action-view


text:
Joint Session of Indian Parliament
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Parliament of India is bicameral. Concurrence of both houses are required to pass any bill. However, the authors of the Constitution of India visualised situations of deadlock between the upper house i.e. Rajya Sabha and the lower house i.e. Lok Sabha. Therefore, the Constitution of India provides for Joint sittings of both the Houses to break this deadlock. The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President and is presided over by the Speaker or, in his absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in his absence, the Deputy-Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. If any of the above officers are not present then any other member of the Parliament can preside by consensus of both the House.
Contents
[hide]
1 Provisions of Constitution
2 Exception to joint sittings
3 Bills referred to joint session
4 References
Provisions of Constitution[edit]
As per Article 108 of Constitution, a Joint session of Parliament can be summoned in the following situations.[1]
If after a Bill has been passed by one House and transmitted to the other House—
(a) the Bill is rejected by the other House; or (b) the Houses have finally disagreed as to the amendments to be made in the Bill; or (c) more than six months elapse from the date of the reception of the Bill by the other House without the Bill being passed by it, the President may, unless the Bill has elapsed by reason of a dissolution of the House of the People, notify to the Houses by message if they are sitting or by public notification if they are not sitting, his intention to summon them to meet in a joint sitting for the purpose of deliberating and voting on the Bill
However, in calculating period of six months, those days are not considered when house is prorogued or adjourned for more than 4 consecutive days.
If the above conditions are satisfied, the President of India may summon joint sitting of both the houses of parliament.
Exception to joint sittings[edit]
Not all bills can be refereed to a joint sitting of Parliament. There are two exception.
1. Money Bill
Under the Constitution of India, money bills require approval of the Lok Sabha only. Rajya Sabha can make recommendations to Lok Sabha, which it is not required to accept. Even if Rajya Sabha doesn't pass a money bill within 14 days, it is deemed to have been passed by both the Houses of Parliament after expiry of the above period. Therefore, a requirement to summon a joint session can never arise in the case of money bill.
2. Constitution Amendment Bill
Article 368 of Indian constitution require that constitution of India can be amended by both houses of parliament by 2/3 majority. In case of disagreement between both houses, there is no provision to summon joint session of parliament.
Bills referred to joint session[edit]
Joint session of Indian parliament has been called for only three bills i.e. dowry prohibition act, 1960, banking service commission act, 1977 and POTA, 2002. As per a senior member of NDA government they are considering for a joint session on Triple Talaq Bill (2018).

BILLS PASSED IN JOINT SESSION: 1. Dowry Prohibition Bill , 1961 2. Banking Service Commission ( Repeal) Bill , 1978 3. Prevention of Terrorism Bill, 2002
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Constitution of India" (PDF). Lawmin.nic.in. Retrieved 2016-12-03.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joint_Session_of_Indian_Parliament&oldid=841025377"
Categories:
Parliament of India
Joint meetings of bicameral legislatures
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 13 May 2018, at 16:13.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: /wiki/Bicameral mw-redirect Bicameral

value: p

attrs: role tabindex class

values: button 0 togglelink

value: span

attrs: class dir xml:lang

values: toctitle ltr en

value: li

values: Edit section: Provisions of Constitution

values: Edit section: Exception to joint sittings

values:
/wiki/Constitution_Amendment_Bill
mw-redirect
Constitution Amendment Bill

values: Edit section: Bills referred to joint session

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Joint meetings of bicameral legislatures

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Joint_Session_of_Indian_Parliament rootpage-Joint_Session_of_Indian_Parliament skin-vector action-view