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List of Major League Baseball career home run leaders
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Barry Bonds holds the record for most career home runs, hitting 762 over his 22-year career.
This is a list of the top 300 Major League Baseball leaders in home runs hit. In the sport of baseball, a home run is a hit in which the batter scores by circling all the bases and reaching home plate in one play, without the benefit of a fielding error. This can be accomplished either by hitting the ball out of play while it is still in fair territory (a conventional home run), or by an inside-the-park home run.
Barry Bonds holds the Major League Baseball home run record with 762. He passed Hank Aaron, who is currently second with 755, on August 7, 2007. The only other player to have hit 700 or more is Babe Ruth with 714. Alex Rodriguez (696), Willie Mays (660), Ken Griffey, Jr. (630), Albert Pujols (614), Jim Thome (612), and Sammy Sosa (609) are the only other players to have hit 600 or more.
Listed are all Major League Baseball players with 215 or more home runs hit during official regular season (i.e., excluding playoffs or exhibition games). Players in bold face are active as of the 2017 Major League Baseball season (including free agents), with the number in parentheses designating the number of home runs they have hit during the 2017 season. The last change in the cutoff for the top 300 occurred on September 30, 2017, when Carlos González hit his 215th career home run, displacing Jeff Conine and José Guillén.
Contents
[hide]
1 Key
2 List
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
Key[edit]
Rank Rank amongst leaders in career home runs. A blank field indicates a tie.
Player (2017 HRs) Number of home runs hit during the 2017 Major League Baseball season.
HR Total career home runs hit.
*
denotes elected to National Baseball Hall of Fame.
Bold
denotes active player.[a]
List[edit]
Stats updated as of the 2017 season.
Rank
Player (2017 HRs)
HR
1 Barry Bonds 762
2 Hank Aaron * 755
3 Babe Ruth * 714
4 Alex Rodriguez 696
5 Willie Mays * 660
6 Ken Griffey, Jr. * 630
7 Albert Pujols (23) 614
8 Jim Thome* 612
9 Sammy Sosa 609
10 Frank Robinson * 586
11 Mark McGwire 583
12 Harmon Killebrew * 573
13 Rafael Palmeiro 569
14 Reggie Jackson * 563
15 Manny Ramirez 555
16 Mike Schmidt * 548
17 David Ortiz 541
18 Mickey Mantle * 536
19 Jimmie Foxx * 534
20 Willie McCovey * 521
Frank Thomas * 521
Ted Williams * 521
23 Ernie Banks * 512
Eddie Mathews * 512
25 Mel Ott * 511
26 Gary Sheffield 509
27 Eddie Murray * 504
28 Lou Gehrig * 493
Fred McGriff 493
30 Stan Musial * 475
Willie Stargell * 475
32 Carlos Delgado 473
33 Chipper Jones* 468
34 Dave Winfield * 465
35 Adrián Beltré (17) 462
Miguel Cabrera (16) 462
José Canseco 462
Adam Dunn 462
39 Carl Yastrzemski * 452
40 Jeff Bagwell * 449
Vladimir Guerrero* 449
42 Dave Kingman 442
43 Jason Giambi 440
44 Paul Konerko 439
45 Andre Dawson * 438
46 Carlos Beltrán 435
47 Juan González 434
Andruw Jones 434
49 Cal Ripken, Jr. * 431
50 Mike Piazza * 427
51 Billy Williams * 426
52 Darrell Evans 414
53 Alfonso Soriano 412
54 Mark Teixeira 409
55 Duke Snider * 407
56 Andrés Galarraga 399
Al Kaline * 399
58 Dale Murphy 398
59 Joe Carter 396
60 Jim Edmonds 393
61 Graig Nettles 390
62 Johnny Bench * 389
63 Aramis Ramírez 386
64 Dwight Evans 385
65 Harold Baines 384
66 Larry Walker 383
67 Frank Howard 382
Ryan Howard (0) 382
Jim Rice * 382
70 Albert Belle 381
71 Orlando Cepeda * 379
Tony Pérez * 379
73 Matt Williams 378
74 Norm Cash 377
Jeff Kent 377
Rank
Player (2017 HRs)
HR
76 Carlton Fisk * 376
77 Rocky Colavito 374
78 Gil Hodges 370
79 Todd Helton 369
Ralph Kiner * 369
81 Lance Berkman 366
82 Joe DiMaggio * 361
83 Gary Gaetti 360
84 Johnny Mize * 359
85 Yogi Berra * 358
Carlos Lee 358
87 Greg Vaughn 355
88 Luis Gonzalez 354
Lee May 354
90 Torii Hunter 353
91 Ellis Burks 352
92 Dick Allen 351
93 Chili Davis 350
94 Edwin Encarnación (38) 348
George Foster 348
96 Ron Santo * 342
97 Jack Clark 340
98 Tino Martinez 339
Dave Parker 339
Boog Powell 339
101 Don Baylor 338
102 Joe Adcock 336
103 Darryl Strawberry 335
104 Moisés Alou 332
Bobby Bonds 332
106 José Bautista (23) 331
Hank Greenberg * 331
Derrek Lee 331
109 Shawn Green 328
Mo Vaughn 328
111 Jermaine Dye 325
Willie Horton 325
113 Gary Carter * 324
Lance Parrish 324
115 Nelson Cruz (39) 323
116 Ron Gant 321
117 Vinny Castilla 320
Troy Glaus 320
119 Cecil Fielder 319
Prince Fielder 319
Curtis Granderson (26) 319
122 Roy Sievers 318
123 George Brett * 317
124 Ron Cey 316
Scott Rolen 316
126 Jeromy Burnitz 315
127 Matt Holliday (19) 314
Reggie Smith 314
129 Adrian Gonzalez (3) 311
Iván Rodríguez * 311
131 Jay Buhner 310
132 Edgar Martínez 309
133 Greg Luzinski 307
Al Simmons * 307
Miguel Tejada 307
136 Fred Lynn 306
Richie Sexson 306
Rubén Sierra 306
139 Raúl Ibañez 305
David Justice 305
Reggie Sanders 305
142 Steve Finley 304
143 Ryan Braun (17) 302
144 Robinson Canó (23) 301
Rogers Hornsby * 301
146 Chuck Klein * 300
147 Tim Salmon 299
148 Rickey Henderson * 297
149 Magglio Ordóñez 294
Robin Ventura 294
Rank
Player (2017 HRs)
HR
151 Kent Hrbek 293
152 Pat Burrell 292
Rusty Staub 292
154 Craig Biggio * 291
Jimmy Wynn 291
156 Bobby Abreu 288
Del Ennis 288
Bob Johnson 288
Hank Sauer 288
160 Garret Anderson 287
Bobby Bonilla 287
Brian Giles 287
Bernie Williams 287
164 Carlos Peña 286
Frank Thomas 286
166 Will Clark 284
Eric Karros 284
168 Ken Boyer 282
Eric Davis 282
Ryne Sandberg * 282
171 Paul O'Neill 281
Mark Reynolds (30) 281
173 Ted Kluszewski 279
174 Mike Cameron 278
Ryan Klesko 278
176 Jay Bruce (36) 277
Rudy York 277
178 Brian Downing 275
Roger Maris 275
Dean Palmer 275
Jorge Posada 275
182 Dante Bichette 274
183 Steve Garvey 272
184 Tom Brunansky 271
Raúl Mondesí 271
George Scott 271
187 Vernon Wells 270
188 Joe Morgan * 268
Brooks Robinson * 268
Gorman Thomas 268
191 Chris Davis (26) 267
George Hendrick 267
Mike Napoli (29) 267
Giancarlo Stanton (59) 267
195 Vic Wertz 266
196 George Bell 265
Matt Stairs 265
198 Bobby Thomson 264
199 Brian McCann (18) 263
Hanley Ramírez (23) 263
201 Danny Tartabull 262
202 Eric Chavez 260
Derek Jeter 260
Evan Longoria (19) 260
Javy López 260
Tim Wallach 260
207 Matt Kemp (19) 259
208 Chase Utley (8) 258
209 Joey Votto (36) 257
210 Bob Allison 256
Larry Parrish 256
Vada Pinson 256
Justin Upton (35) 256
214 Kirk Gibson 255
Adam LaRoche 255
John Mayberry 255
John Olerud 255
218 Larry Doby * 253
Joe Gordon * 253
Andre Thornton 253
Todd Zeile 253
222 Bret Boone 252
Bobby Murcer 252
Joe Torre * 252
225 Tony Armas 251
Rank
Player (2017 HRs)
HR
Tony Clark 251
Adam Jones (26) 251
Cy Williams 251
Robin Yount * 251
Ryan Zimmerman (36) 251
231 José Valentín 249
232 Goose Goslin * 248
Ted Simmons 248
234 Justin Morneau (0) 247
Vern Stephens 247
236 Ken Singleton 246
237 Deron Johnson 245
Nick Swisher 245
Mickey Tettleton 245
239 Lou Whitaker 244
Hack Wilson * 244
242 Dusty Baker 242
Sal Bando 242
Wally Berger 242
Roy Campanella * 242
J. D. Drew 242
Aubrey Huff 242
David Wright (0) 242
249 Jesse Barfield 241
Cecil Cooper 241
Rick Monday 241
252 Jeff Burroughs 240
Roberto Clemente * 240
254 Dolph Camilli 239
Ken Caminiti 239
256 Earl Averill * 238
Ray Lankford 238
258 Doug DeCinces 237
Víctor Martínez (10) 237
Gus Zernial 237
261 Gabby Hartnett * 236
262 Johnny Damon 235
Bill Nicholson 235
Ben Oglivie 235
Dan Uggla 235
266 Ian Kinsler (22) 234
Gary Matthews 234
Kevin Mitchell 234
Paul Molitor * 234
270 Cliff Floyd 233
271 Jimmy Rollins (0) 231
272 Rob Deer 230
273 Nomar Garciaparra 229
Jayson Werth (10) 229
275 Howard Johnson 228
Dick Stuart 228
Hal Trosky 228
278 Marquis Grissom 227
279 Johnny Callison 226
280 Bobby Grich 224
Troy Tulowitzki (7) 224
282 Bobby Doerr * 223
Travis Fryman 223
Mike Lowell 223
285 Jason Bay 222
Don Mattingly 222
287 Tony Batista 221
Geoff Jenkins 221
289 Tony Oliva 220
Hunter Pence (13) 220
291 Jim Bottomley * 219
Al Oliver 219
Joe Pepitone 219
294 Bob Horner 218
295 Benito Santiago 217
296 Ron Fairly 215
Carlos González (14) 215
Pedro Guerrero 215
Chet Lemon 215
Mike Sweeney 215
See also[edit]
Baseball portal
500 home run club
List of Major League Baseball progressive career home runs leaders
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ A player is considered inactive if he has announced his retirement or not played for a full season.
References[edit]
MLB Official Career Home Run List
Active Leaders & Records for Home Runs
[show]
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[show]
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text:
Blackpool Tower
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Blackpool Tower
Location in Blackpool
General information
Type
Observation tower, Radio tower
Location
Blackpool, Lancashire, England
Coordinates
53°48′57″N 3°03′19″W / 53.81583°N 3.05528°W / 53.81583; -3.05528Coordinates: 53°48′57″N 3°03′19″W / 53.81583°N 3.05528°W / 53.81583; -3.05528
Completed
1894
Management
Blackpool Council, Merlin Entertainments Group
Height
Roof
158 m (518 ft)
Design and construction
Architect
Maxwell and Tuke
Structural engineer
Heenan & Froude
Designations
Listed Building – Grade I
Official name
Tower Buildings
Designated
10 October 1973
Reference no.
1205810
Website
www.theblackpooltower.com
Blackpool Tower is a tourist attraction in Blackpool, Lancashire, England, which was opened to the public on 14 May 1894. Inspired by the Eiffel Tower in Paris, it is 518 feet (158 metres) tall and is the 120th tallest freestanding tower in the world.[1] Blackpool Tower is also the common name for Tower buildings, an entertainment complex in a red-brick three-storey block comprising the tower, the ground floor aquarium and cafeteria, Tower Circus, the Tower Ballroom and roof gardens that was designated a Grade I listed building in 1973.[2]
Contents
1 Background
2 History
3 Blackpool Tower Eye
4 Tower Ballroom
5 Tower Circus
6 Menagerie and Aquarium
7 Other attractions
8 Tower maintenance
9 Popular culture
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Background[edit]
The Blackpool Tower Company was founded by London-based Standard Contract & Debenture Corporation in 1890, when it bought an aquarium on Central Promenade with the intention of building a replica Eiffel Tower on the site. John Bickerstaffe, a former Mayor of Blackpool, was asked to become chairman of the new company and its shares went on sale in July 1891. The Standard Corporation kept 30,000 £1 shares and offered £150,000 worth of shares to the public, although initially only two-thirds were taken up forcing the company to ask for more cash contributions from its existing shareholders, but the poor financial situation of the company, exacerbated by the falling share price, rendered it unable to pay. Bickerstaffe, to avoid the potential collapse of the venture bought any available shares until his original holding of £500 amounted to £20,000. He also released the Standard Corporation from its share commitments. When the tower opened in 1894 its success justified the investment of nearly £300,000, and the company made a £30,000 profit in 1896.[3]
Two Lancashire architects, James Maxwell and Charles Tuke, designed the tower and oversaw the laying of its foundation stone[4] on 29 September 1891.[5] By the time the Tower finally opened on 14 May 1894, both men had died.[4] Heenan & Froude of Worcester were appointed structural engineers, supplying and constructing both the tower, the electric lighting and the steel front pieces for the aquariums. A new system of hydraulic riveting was used, based on the technology of Fielding & Platt of Gloucester.[6]
The total cost for the design and construction of the tower and buildings was about £290,000.[7] Five million Accrington bricks, 2,500 tonnes (2,800 tons) of iron and 93 tonnes (103 tons) of cast steel were used to construct the tower.[8] Unlike the Eiffel Tower, Blackpool Tower is not free-standing. Its base is hidden by the building which houses Blackpool Tower Circus. The building occupies a total of 5,050 square metres (54,400 sq ft).[2] At the summit of the tower there is a flagpole;[9][10] A time capsule is buried beneath the foundation.[7]
The tower's design was ahead of its time. As a writer for the BBC noted: "In heavy winds the building will gently sway, what a magnificent Victorian engineering masterpiece."[10]
History[edit]
Blackpool Tower's first circus programme
The Tower and Illuminations
When the tower opened, 3,000 customers took the first rides to the top.[4] Tourists paid sixpence for admission, sixpence more for a ride in the lifts to the top, and a further sixpence for the circus.[7] The first members of the public to ascend the tower had been local journalists in September 1893 using constructors' ladders.[11] In 1897 the top of the tower caught fire, and the platform was seen on fire from up to fifty miles away.[5]
The tower was not painted properly during the first thirty years and became corroded, leading to discussions about demolishing it. However, it was decided to rebuild it instead, and between 1921 and 1924 all the steelwork in the structure was replaced and renewed.[8]
On 22 December 1894 Norwegian ship Abana was sailing from Liverpool to Savannah, Georgia but was caught up in a storm, and mistook the recently built Blackpool Tower for a lighthouse. Abana was first seen off North Pier, and later drifted to Little Bispham where she was wrecked, and can still be seen at low tide. The ship's bell still hangs in St Andrews Church in Cleveleys.[12]
In 1940, during the Second World War, the crow's-nest was removed to allow the structure to be used as a Royal Air Force radar station known as RAF Tower,[9] which proved unsuccessful.
In 1949 a post box was opened at the top of the tower.[11] The hydraulic lifts to the top of the tower were replaced in 1956–57 and the winding-gear replaced by electric.[2]
The top of the tower was painted silver in 1977 as part of Queen Elizabeth's Silver Jubilee celebrations.[2] A giant model of King Kong was placed on the side of the tower in 1984.[2] In 1985 escapologist Karl Bartoni and his bride were married suspended in a cage from the tower.[11]
The lifts and winding gear were again replaced in 1992.[2] The same year the tower complex was renamed Tower World and was opened by Diana, Princess of Wales.[13] The tower is usually painted in dark red, except for its centenary year in 1994 when it was painted gold by abseiling painters.[2][9] In 1998 a "Walk of Faith" glass floor panel was opened at the top of the tower. Made up of two sheets of laminated glass, it weighs half a tonne and is two inches thick.[11] In October 2007 a laser beam installed on the tower for the duration of the annual Illuminations was criticised by astronomer Sir Patrick Moore, presenter of The Sky at Night television programme, who said, "Light pollution is a huge problem. I am not saying we should turn all the lights out, that is not practical, but there are some things which are very unnecessary. The Blackpool Tower light is certainly something I do not think we should be doing. I very much oppose it." The beam could be seen 30 miles (48 km) away; Moore called for it to be stopped. The Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Central Lancashire in Preston said the laser has added to a spiralling problem affecting astronomy.[14]
The tower has transmitters for local FM station Radio Wave 96.5 and some non-broadcast services.
The tower continued to be owned by the Bickerstaffe family until 1964, when the Blackpool Tower Company was sold to EMI.[15] Since then it has been owned by Trust House Forte, First Leisure and Leisure Parcs Ltd, owned by Trevor Hemmings.[16] In March 2010 it was announced that Blackpool Council had bought Blackpool Tower and the Merlin Entertainment Group would manage it and add various attractions including a new Dungeon attraction[17] and a new observation deck called Blackpool Tower Eye will operate at the top of the tower.[18] The company will also manage the Blackpool Louis Tussauds waxwork museum to be rebranded as Madame Tussauds.[19]
Blackpool Tower Eye[edit]
The top of the tower is currently known as the Blackpool Tower Eye. At a height of 380 feet (120 m), the Eye is the highest observation deck in North West England. It was previously known simply as the Tower Top, until it reopened on September 2011. Reopening after major renovation, new owner Blackpool Council brought in Merlin Entertainments to manage the attractions, with Merlin deciding to incorporate the tower into its range of "Eye" branded attractions.
Before the lift, guests watch a 4-D film about Blackpool and the local area. The film shows a young boy who is inspired with the tower and goes to the ballroom and circus of the tower. Then, with his goggles he is wearing, makes the tower blast off like a rocket. The film also shows the history of the tower. The film is accompanied by the song "All the Lovers" by Kylie Minogue, a song commonly used to promote Blackpool. The visitors then go into the refurbished waiting area, where memorabilia and newspaper pages about Blackpool Tower are on display, before being taken to the Eye itself.
There are four levels in the Blackpool Tower Eye:
The enclosed area includes the main "Eye" attraction, which consists of a row of glass floor and wall along the west side of the tower, providing panoramic views of Blackpool seafront.
The second and third levels are outdoors, and the third level is the highest level accessible to the general public.
The crow's nest is only accessible to employees.
Tower Ballroom[edit]
A couple dances on the floor of the Tower Ballroom
Jazz Event in the Tower Ballroom
View of the whole of the dance floor in the Tower Ballroom
The original ballroom, the Tower Pavilion, opened in August 1894. It was smaller than the present ballroom and occupied the front of the tower complex.[20] The Tower Ballroom was built between 1897 and 1898 to the designs of Frank Matcham, who also designed Blackpool Grand Theatre, and it opened in 1899. It was commissioned by the Tower company in response to the opening of the Empress Ballroom in the Winter Gardens. The ballroom floor is 120 ft × 120 ft (37 m × 37 m) and is made up of 30,602 blocks of mahogany, oak and walnut.[20] Above the stage is the inscription, "Bid me discourse, I will enchant thine ear" from the poem Venus and Adonis by William Shakespeare. Each crystal chandelier in the ballroom can be lowered to the floor to be cleaned which takes over a week.[21]
From 1930 until his retirement in 1970 the resident organist was Reginald Dixon, known affectionately worldwide as "Mr. Blackpool". The first Wurlitzer organ was installed in 1929, but it was replaced in 1935 by one designed by Reginald Dixon. Ernest Broadbent took over as resident organist in 1970 until he retired due to ill health in 1977. The current resident organist is Phil Kelsall who has been playing the organ at the Tower since 1975 when he started in the circus. Kelsall became resident in the ballroom in 1977, he was awarded an MBE like Dixon in 2010 for services to music. Wurlitzer organs such as this one were manufactured in Buffalo New York in the United States of America.
The ballroom was damaged by fire in December 1956, and the dance floor was destroyed along with the restaurant underneath the ballroom. Restoration took two years and cost £500,000, with many of the former designers and builders coming out of retirement to assist, the restaurant then became the Tower Lounge.[21]
The BBC series Come Dancing was televised from the Tower Ballroom for many years[22] and it has also hosted shows from Strictly Come Dancing, including the grand finals of the second and ninth series, on 11 December 2004, and 17 December 2011 respectively.[23]
The Blackpool Junior Dance Festival ("Open to the World") has been held each year in the ballroom since 1964.[20] Also the World Modern Jive Championships are held annually.
Dancing was not originally allowed on Sundays; instead, sacred music was played. The ballroom also originally had very strict rules including:
"Gentlemen may not dance unless with a Lady" and
"Disorderly conduct means immediate expulsion".[21]
The ballroom has had a number of resident dance bands including Bertini and his band, and Charlie Barlow.[24][25] Other smaller dance bands have also appeared as residents including the Eric Delaney Band[26] and the Mike James Band.[27]
Under the management of Leisure Parcs, and the direction of bandleader Greg Francis, the Blackpool Tower Big Band was reformed in 2001 after an absence of 25 years. The New Squadronaires, The Memphis Belle Swing Orchestra and The Glenn Miller Tribute Orchestra also performed.[28] Themed nights were also introduced along with the sixteen piece orchestra, with resident singers, including Tony Benedict, Lynn Kennedy, and Mark Porter.[citation needed] In 2005 the Empress Orchestra became resident in the ballroom alongside the specially created and smaller Empress Dance Band.[29]
The Orchestron
The Tower's orchestrion is now in the collection of Thinktank, Birmingham Science Museum.[30] The ballroom, together with the Tower, Circus and Roof Garden, were designated a Grade I listed building in 1973.[31]
Tower Circus[edit]
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The Tower Circus is positioned at the base of the tower, between its four legs. The circus first opened to the public on 14 May 1894 and has not missed a season since.
The present interior was designed by Frank Matcham and was completed in 1900.
The circus ring can be lowered into a pool of water and holds 42,000 imperial gallons (190,000 L) at a depth of up to 4 ft 6 in (1.37 m), which allows for Grand Finales with Dancing Fountains. The Tower Circus is one of four left in the world that can do this.
The clown Charlie Cairoli appeared at the tower for 39 years. Britain's best-known ringmaster Norman Barrett worked the ring for 25 years.
Animals appeared in the circus until 1990. It was planned to close the circus at the end of the 1990 season and replace it with an animatronic attraction. Public opinion and the fact the animatronics were not ready meant that the circus continued.
Today, the circus is produced and directed by Hungarian Laci Endresz, who is married to Maureen, one of the Roberts family who have a long association with the Tower Circus. A live band (sometimes accompanied by Mooky the Clown) provides all the music for the show, often dynamically syncing with the performers' movements. The circus band play a variety of different songs, usually Latin for the acts. In the winter the circus stages a pantomime instead of the regular show.
Menagerie and Aquarium[edit]
Dr. Cocker's Aquarium, Aviary and Menagerie had existed on the site since 1873.[32] It was kept open to earn revenue while the tower building went up around it, and then became one of the tower's major attractions. The aquarium was modelled on the limestone caverns in Derbyshire. It housed 57 different species of fresh water and salt water fish and the largest tank held 32,000 litres (7,000 imp gal; 8,500 US gal) of salt water.[33] The menagerie and aviary were regarded as one of the finest collections in the country and included lions, tigers, and polar bears.[34]
The menagerie continued until 1973,[32] when it was closed following the opening of Blackpool Zoo near Stanley Park. Due to the tower being run By Merlin Entertainments who also run the nearby Sea Life Centre, The aquarium closed in 2010 and was remodelled to make way for a new "Dungeons" attraction.[35][36].
Other attractions[edit]
Walk of Faith
View from the top of the tower
Blackpool Tower and Coral Island
Jungle Jim's Children's Indoor Play is a large indoor children's adventure playground situated within the tower. It is a £3 million interactive play scheme covering over 2,500 square metres (27,000 sq ft). Based on a lost city, children can tackle a series of adventures in search of hidden treasure.[37]
The Tower Lounge Bar was a large pub with a capacity of 1,700, but staff usually limited occupancy to 1,400 for a more relaxed atmosphere. It closed down in 2014 and has since reopened as a Harry Ramsden's fish and chip restaurant.
The Blackpool Tower Dungeon is part of an international chain of Dungeon experiences operated by Merlin Entertainments. Opened in 2011, it incorporates elements of history with fear and gallows humour based shows. It also features "Drop Dead", a 26 ft (7.9 m) drop tower that simulates being executed by hanging. As an addition to the Dungeon brand Merlin introduced the first ever Dungeon themed Escape Room in 2017. [38]
In March 2018 Merlin Entertainments launched Dino Mini Golf, an indoor crazy golf course with "9 holes of prehistoric fun". It has been described by Aaron Edgar, the Blackpool Tower Operations manager as "65 years in the making".[39]
Tower maintenance[edit]
Painting the tower structure takes seven years to complete,[10][16] and the workers who maintain the structure are known as "Stick Men". There are 563 steps from the roof of the tower building to the top of the tower which the maintenance teams use for the structure's upkeep. If the wind speed exceeds 72 km/h (45 mph; 39 kn; 20 m/s), the top of the tower is closed as a safety precaution.[40] There are 8 kilometres (5 mi) of cables to feed the 10,000 light bulbs which are used to illuminate the tower.[16] In April 2002 the Tower maintenance team was featured in the BBC One programme, Britain’s Toughest Jobs.[41]
Popular culture[edit]
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Blackpool Tower is referred to several times in the humorous monologues written by Marriott Edgar, as performed by Stanley Holloway and others:[42][43]
In Three Ha'pence a Foot (1932), Sam Oglethwaite escapes the consequences of declining a bargain with Noah by standing on the top of Blackpool Tower, up to his neck in floodwater, finally exclaiming "The sky's took a turn since this morning: I think it'll brighten up yet."
In The Lion and Albert (1932)[44] and The Return of Albert (1934), Albert Ramsbottom is swallowed whole, then eventually disgorged, by a lion called "Wallace". The incident takes place in the Blackpool Tower Menagerie,[45] which did indeed have lions.
Artists who have performed at the tower include Arthur Askey, Duke Ellington, Paderewski, Dame Clara Butt, Cleo Laine, Peter Dawson and the band Busted.[13]
Comedian Peter Kay performed his show on 10 and 11 April 2000 in the Circus Arena, later released as Live at the Top of the Tower on DVD.
The film Dick Barton Strikes Back (1947) featured a fight scene on the tower.[2]
The film Forbidden (1949) features the tower in a climactic scene.
The song "Up the 'Pool" from Jethro Tull's 1972 album Living in the Past briefly mentions the tower. ("The iron tower smiles down upon the silver sea...")
The film Funny Bones (1995) features the tower in several key scenes.
In April 2007, punk rock band, Revisit performed on the Walk of Faith at the top of the tower.[46]
2016 Tim Burton's film Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children has its climax and last scenes surrounding Blackpool's Tower.
The Killers filmed the music video for the song "Here with Me" in Blackpool. The music video starred Winona Ryder and Craig Roberts and included various scenes in Blackpool Pleasure Beach and Ryder and Roberts dancing in the Tower Ballroom whilst the band perform on stage.
Blackpool is a popular seaside resort, and the beach-front tower is still a major attraction. It is lit during the annual Illuminations, when the town and seafront are decorated with colourful illuminated displays for 6 miles (10 km) along the promenade.
See also[edit]
Lancashire portal
List of works by Maxwell and Tuke
List of towers
Reginald Dixon
Horace Finch
Theatre organ
Wade Dooley, local rugby union player capped 55 times for England and nicknamed "Blackpool Tower"
Wurlitzers in the United Kingdom
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Skyscraper Center". Retrieved 24 October 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "The Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (81–90)". The Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Lancashire Record Office DDX1444 introduction
^ Jump up to: a b c "The story of Blackpool and its Tower". Icons. Archived from the original on 3 November 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Blackpool Tower, the great icon of British Victorian engineering, 1894". Ward Book of Days. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Stephan Mills: Fielding & Platt, An innovative Gloucester engineering company. The first 100 Years, 1866–1966, S. 11
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (71–80)". The Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b "World Federation of Great Towers – Blackpool Tower". World Federation of Great Towers. Archived from the original on 18 October 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Blackpool Tower". Enjoy Blackpool. 12 May 2007. Archived from the original on 2 November 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c Entwistle, Simon. "Local landmarks: Blackpool Tower". BBC. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (51–60)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Craig (5 February 2008). "The Fylde coast – A graveyard for ships". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 6 February 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (61–70)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Veteran TV star-gazer blasts tower laser". Blackpool Gazette. 24 October 2007. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (41–50)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (101–110)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Blackpool Tower's full restoration plans confirmed". Blackpool Aloud. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Blackpool Tower". Blackpool Tower. Retrieved 17 January 2010.
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^ Jump up to: a b c "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (21–30)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (31–40)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "BBC in talks over TV show's return". Blackpool Gazette. 19 February 2004. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Strictly a sellout for return of TV classic". Blackpool Gazette. 18 November 2004. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Barlow, John. "Charles Barlow and the Tower Band". Barlow Genealogy. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
Jump up ^ Curtis, Bill (June 1988). Blackpool Tower. Terence Dalton. ISBN 0-86138-064-9.
Jump up ^ "From Leigh to Las Vegas – A brief biography". Andy Prior. 2002. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
Jump up ^ "Mike James Sound". Mike James. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
Jump up ^ "Big Bands back at the Tower Ballroom, Blackpool". DancesportUK. 2001. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
Jump up ^ "The Empress Dance Band". The Empress Orchestra. Archived from the original on 28 February 2009. Retrieved 20 February 2009.
Jump up ^ Birmingham Museums Trust accession record 1956S00629
Jump up ^ "Tower Buildings", Historic England, accessed 25 April 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Closed collections - The Bartlett Society".
Jump up ^ "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (01–10)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Lytham & St.Annes on the Sea Lancashire - Local History - Blackpool Tower Menagerie 1904".
Jump up ^ The Blackpool Gazette 25-08-10
Jump up ^ "Blackpool Tower Aquarium to be replaced by dungeon". 19 November 2010 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
Jump up ^ Ettridge, Lisa (18 January 2008). "Get onboard Adventureland's crew". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 18 January 2008.
Jump up ^ "Will you lose your head at the brand new Blackpool Tower Dungeon Escape Room? - The Guide Liverpool". The Guide Liverpool. 2017-08-02. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "Prehistoric golf is newest attraction to open at Blackpool Tower". Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "Blackpool Tower Heritage Trail (91–100)". Blackpool Tower. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 1 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "A head for heights". Blackpool Gazette. 15 April 2002. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Marriott Edgar (n.d.). Albert 'Arold and Others. Francis, Day and Hunter.
Jump up ^ Michael Marshall (ed) (1979). The Stanley Holloway Monologues. Elm Tree books. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ sometimes later referred to as Albert and the Lion
Jump up ^ The other Blackpool Zoo only opened in 1972, long after the date of this story
Jump up ^ "Vicar's towering rock of ages on 500ft stage". Blackpool Gazette. 26 April 2007. Retrieved 2 November 2007.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Blackpool Tower.
The Blackpool Tower official website
Computer-generated virtual panorama from the top of the Tower
The Merlin Entertainments Group
The Blackpool Tower Dungeon
History of Blackpool Tower at pastscape.org
Blackpool Tower at Structurae
"Oxford DNB biography podcast: James Maxwell and Charles Tuke, architects of Blackpool Tower" (Podcast). Oxford University Press. 23 April 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
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values: Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, Blackpool

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values: Church of St Stephen on-the-Cliffs, Blackpool

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