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Jurassic World
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Jurassic World
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Colin Trevorrow
Produced by
Frank Marshall
Patrick Crowley
Screenplay by
Derek Connolly
Colin Trevorrow
Rick Jaffa
Amanda Silver
Story by
Rick Jaffa
Amanda Silver
Based on
Characters
by Michael Crichton
Starring
Chris Pratt
Bryce Dallas Howard
Vincent D'Onofrio
Ty Simpkins
Nick Robinson
Omar Sy
B. D. Wong
Irrfan Khan
Music by
Michael Giacchino
John Williams
(Original Jurassic Park music)
Cinematography
John Schwartzman
Edited by
Kevin Stitt
Production
companies
Amblin Entertainment[1]
Legendary Pictures[1]
Distributed by
Universal Pictures[1]
Release date
May 29, 2015 (2015-05-29) (Le Grand Rex)
June 12, 2015 (2015-06-12) (United States)
Running time
124 minutes[2]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$150 million (gross)[3]
$129.3 million (net)[3]
Box office
$1.672 billion[4]
Jurassic World is a 2015 American science fiction adventure film and the fourth installment of the Jurassic Park series, as well as the first film in a planned Jurassic World trilogy. The film was directed and co-written by Colin Trevorrow, produced by Frank Marshall and Patrick Crowley, and stars Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard. The production companies were Steven Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment, also responsible for the rest of the Jurassic Park franchise, and Thomas Tull's Legendary Pictures. Set 22 years after the events of Jurassic Park, Jurassic World takes place on the same fictional Central American island of Isla Nublar, off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica, where a theme park populated with cloned dinosaurs has operated for ten years. The park plunges into chaos when a genetically created dinosaur breaks loose and goes on a rampage across the island.
Universal Pictures intended to begin production on a fourth Jurassic Park film in 2004 for a summer 2005 release, but the film entered over a decade of development hell while the script went through revisions. Following a suggestion from Spielberg, writers Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver explored the idea of a functional dinosaur park. Once Trevorrow was hired as director in 2013, he followed the same idea while developing a whole new script with Derek Connolly. Principal photography rolled from April to August 2014, primarily in Louisiana while also using the original Jurassic Park filming locations in Hawaii. Again the dinosaurs were created through computer-generated imagery by Industrial Light & Magic and life-sized animatronics by Legacy Effects, a company created by the alumni of Jurassic Park veteran Stan Winston.
Jurassic World was completed on May 10, 2015,[5] and was released in over 60 countries beginning on June 10, 2015. After a record-breaking opening weekend where it became the first film to gross over $500 million worldwide,[6] Jurassic World generated a total of $1.6 billion in box office revenue, standing as the fifth-highest-grossing film of all time without inflation adjustment, as well as the second-highest-grossing film of 2015 and the highest-grossing film in the franchise. A sequel, titled Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, is scheduled to be released in June 2018.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Themes and analysis
4 Production
4.1 Development
4.2 Pre-production
4.3 Writing
4.4 Casting
4.5 Filming
4.5.1 Deleted scenes
4.6 Creatures on screen
4.7 Music
5 Marketing and promotion
6 Release
6.1 Home media
6.2 Charts
7 Reception
7.1 Box office
7.1.1 North America
7.1.2 Outside North America
7.2 Critical response
7.3 Accolades
8 Controversies
8.1 Scientific accuracy
8.2 Writing credits dispute
9 Sequel
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Plot[edit]
Brothers Zach and Gray Mitchell visit Isla Nublar, the site of the original Jurassic Park, where a new theme park named Jurassic World has operated for years. Simon Masrani, the park's owner, has encouraged geneticist Dr. Henry Wu to create a hybrid dinosaur to attract visitors. The two boys meet their aunt, Claire Dearing, the park's operations manager. Claire assigns her assistant Zara to be their guide, but the boys evade her and explore the resort on their own.
Owen Grady, a Navy veteran, has been researching the intelligence of the park's four Velociraptors. InGen Security chief Vic Hoskins believes the raptors should be trained for military use despite objections from Owen and his assistant Barry. Masrani has Owen evaluate the enclosure of the park's new hybrid dinosaur, the Indominus rex, before the attraction opens. Owen warns Claire about the danger of raising Indominus in isolation, pointing out its lack of socialization with other animals. When they discover that the Indominus seems to have escaped, Owen and two others enter the enclosure. Able to camouflage itself and mask its heat signature, the Indominus suddenly appears and devours Owen's companions before escaping into the island's interior. Owen suggests that the Indominus must be killed, but Masrani instead sends a specialized unit equipped with non-lethal weaponry to capture it. After most of the unit is killed, Claire orders the evacuation of the island's northern sector.
While exploring the park in a gyrosphere ride, Zach and Gray enter a restricted area. The Indominus arrives and destroys their sphere, but the boys manage to evade it and find the ruins of the original Jurassic Park visitor center. They repair an old 1992 Jeep Wrangler Sahara and drive back to the park resort. Claire and Owen search for the boys, but encounter the Indominus and barely escape. Masrani and two troopers hunt the Indominus by helicopter, but when the Indominus breaks into the park's aviary to escape the gunfire, it releases a flock of the pterosaurs Pteranodon and Dimorphodon that collide with the helicopter, causing it to crash, killing Masrani and his troops. The pterosaurs then attack the resort itself; in the chaos, Zara is carried off by pterosaurs before falling into the park's lagoon and being devoured by the park's Mosasaurus. Gray and Zach eventually find Owen and Claire at the resort as armed personnel subdue the pterosaurs with tranquilizers.
Assuming command, Hoskins orders that the raptors should be used to track the Indominus; Owen is forced to accept Hoskins's plan and release the raptors. Upon finding the Indominus, the dinosaurs begin communicating with one another. Owen realizes that the Indominus includes raptor DNA, and it becomes the raptor pack's new alpha, taking command away from Owen. The Indominus escapes when the troops shoot at it, and the raptors hunt down and kill most of the team. Hoskins arranges for Dr. Henry Wu to leave the island by helicopter with the dinosaur embryos, in order to protect his research. Owen, Claire and the boys find Hoskins at the lab, with more staff packing up the remaining embryos. Hoskins reveals his plan to create other hybrid dinosaurs like Indominus for use as superweapons, but a raptor breaks in and mauls him to death.
Owen re-establishes his bond with the raptors before the Indominus reappears. The raptors attack the Indominus, but three of the four are killed. Claire lures the park's Tyrannosaurus rex into a battle with the Indominus. The two dinosaurs fight, with the Indominus gaining the upper hand until Blue, the lone surviving raptor, joins the battle. Overwhelmed, the Indominus is backed up to the lagoon, where the Mosasaurus leaps out and drags it underwater. The T. rex retreats, followed by Blue, who turns to acknowledge Owen before leaving. Isla Nublar is once again abandoned, and the survivors are successfully evacuated to the mainland. Zach and Gray are reunited with their parents, while the T. rex roams freely on Isla Nublar.
Cast[edit]
(L&C) Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard play the film's two leads, while B. D. Wong (R) reprises his role as Dr. Henry Wu from the first film.
Main article: List of Jurassic Park characters
Chris Pratt as Owen Grady, a Navy veteran, and a raptor expert and trainer at Jurassic World.[7]
Bryce Dallas Howard as Claire Dearing, the Jurassic World operations manager. Aunt to Zach and Gray Mitchell.[7]
Vincent D'Onofrio as Vic Hoskins, head of InGen's security operations, who wants to use the raptors and the Indominus rex as military weapons.[8]
Ty Simpkins as Gray Mitchell, one of Claire's nephews and the younger brother of Zach.[7]
Nick Robinson as Zach Mitchell, one of Claire's nephews and the older brother of Gray.[7]
Omar Sy as Barry,[9] Owen's assistant who helps care for the raptors.[10]
B. D. Wong as Dr. Henry Wu, a geneticist who heads the team that created the dinosaurs for Jurassic World. He is revealed to have an alliance with Hoskins. Wong is the only actor in the film to reprise his role from any of the previous movies.
Irrfan Khan as Simon Masrani, CEO of the Masrani Corporation and the owner of Jurassic World.[7]
Jake Johnson as Lowery Cruthers, an employee in the park's control room.[7]
Lauren Lapkus as Vivian, an employee in the park's control room.[11]
Brian Tee as Hamada, the leader of the ACU (Asset Containment Unit), a group of security guards installed on Isla Nublar.[7]
Katie McGrath as Zara, Claire's personal assistant.[12]
Judy Greer as Karen Mitchell, Claire's sister and mother of Zach and Gray.[13]
Andy Buckley as Scott Mitchell, Karen's husband and father of Zach and Gray.
Eric Edelstein as the supervisor of the Indominus rex control room.
Jimmy Fallon[14] as himself, portrayed as the safety instructor of the gyrosphere attraction.
Jimmy Buffett as himself, portrayed as an escaping tourist during the pterosaur attack.[15][16]
Patrick Crowley, the film's producer, has a minor role as Masrani's flight instructor.[17]
Colin Trevorrow as the voice of Mr. DNA, an animated DNA helix who explains the park's technology to visitors. The character was previously voiced by Greg Burson in Jurassic Park.[18][19]
Brad Bird makes a cameo appearance as the voice of the park's monorail announcer.[20]
Jack Horner, the film's technical advisor, has a cameo in the film.[21]
Themes and analysis[edit]
Director Colin Trevorrow stated that the Indominus rex, the synthetic hybrid dinosaur at the center of the film's story, is symbolic of consumer and corporate excess. The dinosaur was "meant to embody [humanity's] worst tendencies. We're surrounded by wonder and yet we want more, and we want it bigger, faster, louder, better. And in the world of the movie, the animal is designed based on a series of corporate focus groups."[22] He also stated, "There's something in the film about our greed and our desire for profit. The Indominus rex, to me, is very much that desire, that need to be satisfied."[23] Film journalists have noted the parallels between the workings of the park in Jurassic World and the film and entertainment industry.[24] Actor James DuMont stated that "the person [and] the environment are one" is one of the obvious themes. Another theme is that "those who do not stop evil are supporting and encouraging it".[25]
The film also explores the concept of raising an animal in a particular way. The Indominus rex was said to have been raised in captivity without the presence of any siblings, thus making the creature somewhat "not fully functional".[26]
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
In March 2001, Jurassic Park III director Joe Johnston said that he and executive producer Steven Spielberg had discussed a story idea for a fourth Jurassic Park film, which Johnston was not interested in directing.[27] In May 2001, Spielberg had Amblin Entertainment commence development of ideas for Jurassic Park IV, which he planned to produce.[28] Late into Jurassic Park III's production, Spielberg devised a story idea which he believed should have been used for the third film instead.[29] In June 2001, Johnston announced he would not direct the film, and that Spielberg had a story idea that would take the series' mythology to a new level.[30] Johnston said the film would feel like a departure from the previous films, implying it would not be set on an island.[31] Johnston also denied, then later hinted, that the film would involve the Pteranodons from the ending of Jurassic Park III.[32][33]
Actor Sam Neill, who portrayed Dr. Alan Grant in two previous films in the series, said he could not imagine a way for his character to be involved in another film.[34] Neill was contracted for a total of three films,[35] and other actors from Jurassic Park III were also signed on for a potential fourth film.[36] In April 2002, it was reported that the fourth Jurassic Park would be the last film in the series, and that it would ignore its predecessor's events.[37] In June 2002, Spielberg confirmed plans for a fourth film, which he hoped to have Johnston direct. Spielberg also said there was a story idea which he considered to be the best one since the first film.[29] In November 2002, Neill said there was a chance he would be in the film,[38] while William Monahan was announced as the screenwriter, with Spielberg serving as executive producer and Kathleen Kennedy as producer.[39] A month later, the film was announced for a summer 2005 release.[40]
In January 2003, Jeff Goldblum said he had been asked to stay available for a possible return of his character Ian Malcolm.[41] At the end of the month, it was reported that the story would involve dinosaurs migrating to the Costa Rican mainland. A team of experts, including Alan Grant and Ian Malcolm, chart an expedition to one of InGen's offshore islands and discover the dinosaurs breeding uncontrollably. The plot would involve the characters devising a solution to restrict the spread of the dinosaurs and prevent an ecological disaster. It was also reported that the plot contained a "top-secret aspect".[42][43] Early concept art depicted genetically engineered human-dinosaur mercenaries.[44][45][46] Stan Winston's special effects studio, which worked on the previous films, was in the design phase for the film as of April 2003. Winston said that Spielberg wanted to adapt several previously unfilmed scenes from Michael Crichton's Jurassic Park novel and its sequel, The Lost World.[47] By July 2003, Keira Knightley was in consideration for two separate roles, including a small role as a granddaughter.[48] Monahan's first draft of the script was finished later that month, with a story no longer set in the jungle as in the previous films. A director had yet to be discussed at that time.[49] Neill confirmed he would reprise his character, with filming set to begin in 2004 in California and Hawaii.[50]
In September 2003, Richard Attenborough said he would reprise his role as John Hammond.[51] The following month, paleontologist Jack Horner said he would return as technical adviser for the fourth film as he had done for previous Jurassic Park films. Horner hinted that Velociraptor would be an integral part of the film,[52] and was later asked about a hypothetical idea of humans evolving from dinosaurs rather than mammals. Horner responded, "Keep thinking about that, and in a couple of years go see Jurassic Park 4."[53] Knightley's character was written out in late 2003.[54] In March 2004, Johnston said he had not been asked to direct the film, and hoped that Spielberg would direct it. Johnston said a story was being written that would take the series in a completely different direction "away from the island and away from the T. rex and all this."[55] In April 2004, script doctors were being sought to work on the film's story, which involved dinosaurs being trained by the government to carry and use weapons in battles.[56] As of May 2004, screenwriter John Sayles was writing the script,[57] after being hired to finish earlier work done by Monahan, who had left the project to work on Kingdom of Heaven.[58]
Sayles ultimately wrote two drafts for the film.[59] In Sayles's first draft, Isla Nublar and InGen have been taken over by Grendel Corporation, a Swiss holdings company, while creatures from the island have begun attacking people on the mainland of Central and North America. The script featured a brief return to Isla Nublar, and would focus on a mercenary named Nick Harris, a new character who is sent by John Hammond to the island to retrieve a canister of dinosaur DNA that was lost during the events of the first film. With the DNA, Hammond intends to have his scientists create a new group of infertile dinosaurs that can kill the current infestation of creatures. After Harris retrieves the canister, he is kidnapped by Grendel and taken to their medieval castle headquarters in the Swiss Alps, where he is persuaded into helping the company train a team of five Deinonychus – modified with human DNA for problem-solving skills and dog DNA for obedience – and two Dilophosaurus for use on rescue missions and to fight against drug dealers. The dinosaurs would be equipped with body armor, and would use their teeth and claws as weapons. The script focused primarily on the efforts of Harris and a team of experts as they train the dinosaurs, who would also have hormone-emitting devices attached to their heads to help control their moods and behavior. Hammond would be the only returning character in this draft.[60][61][62] The concept of a human who trains raptors was an idea that came from Spielberg.[63]
By June 2004, Frank Marshall had joined the project as a producer,[64] while Alex Proyas was in discussions to direct, with filming expected to begin in March 2005 for a rescheduled winter 2005 release. Filming would have started at Pinewood Studios, where a massive tank was to be constructed for scenes involving marine reptiles.[65][66] In July 2004, the script was being rewritten, with Jeremy Piven and Emmy Rossum being considered for two of the lead roles and Attenborough reprising his character.[54] Later that month, Proyas said he was not interested in directing the film.[67] In August 2004, Drew McWeeny of Ain't It Cool News published a review of Sayles's initial draft, writing "I think it's well-written and certainly inventive, but I also think it just might be the single most bugfuck crazy franchise sequel I've ever read".[60] Sayles later confirmed this to be an early draft of the script, intercepted through Spielberg's email by a hacker.[68] In late August 2004, David Boreanaz was rumored and later reported to have the lead role,[69][70] although he was actually in consideration for Fantastic Four.[71] Sayles was still rewriting the script in September 2004, with the film on track for a winter 2005 release.[72]
In April 2005, Winston confirmed the film was on hold because of repeated revisions of the film's script, none of which satisfied Spielberg. According to Winston, "He felt neither of [the drafts] balanced the science and adventure elements effectively. It's a tough compromise to reach, as too much science will make the movie too talky, but too much adventure will make it seem hollow."[73] Progress on the film was stalled during 2005, as Marshall and Spielberg were busy with other film projects.[74] At the end of the year, Spielberg said he planned to include a scene, inspired by Crichton's The Lost World novel, that would involve characters on motorcycles as they flee from raptors.[75] In January 2006, Johnston and Horner were working on a new screenplay,[76] and more work on it was expected to begin immediately after the 2008 release of Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.[77] In February 2006, Marshall said the film now had a good script, with filming expected to begin in 2007 for a 2008 release.[78] In March 2006, Marshall said the film had a script and was getting a director, with Johnston as a possible candidate.[79] In April 2006, Marshall said there was an idea for the film, but not a script. Marshall denied that Crichton would write the script, or that Spielberg would direct it.[80] The script was still being worked on in June 2006.[81] The following month, Spielberg denied an Internet rumor that Breck Eisner would direct, saying Johnston was standing by for the job.[82]
In December 2006, Laura Dern said she was open to the possibility of reprising her role as Ellie Sattler, but had not been contacted about appearing in the film.[83] In March 2007, Neill said he knew nothing about the project.[84] By April 2007, Dern had been contacted about appearing in the film, with filming expected to begin within the year for release in 2008.[85] By that time, Johnston no longer planned to direct the film.[86] In December 2007, Marshall said further work on the script would not commence until the end of the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike, with filming potentially starting in 2008 for a release in the summer of 2009.[87] Horner's 2009 book, How to Build a Dinosaur, was originally meant to come out at the same time as the film as a scientific companion volume.[88] During 2008, Attenborough and Goldblum expressed interest in reprising their roles,[89][90][91] although Attenborough suffered a fall at his home later that year and subsequently retired from acting.[92] In a 2008 interview, Johnston discussed the possibility of Jurassic Park IV, stating that the film's story was completely different from its predecessors and would not be set on an island. Johnston also said the film would essentially take the franchise into a whole other trilogy but that "when it gets to that level it's sort of about studios and Steven's thing and who knows."[93]
In December 2008, a month after Crichton's death, Marshall and Kennedy were asked if there was any development on the sequel. Kennedy responded, "No... I don't know. You know, when Michael Crichton passed away, I sorta felt maybe that's it. Maybe that's a sign that we don't mess with it."[94] While Marshall and Kennedy were no longer signed with Universal Pictures in a production capacity, it was said that the two would remain involved with the studio and its plans for Jurassic Park 4.[95] In June 2009, Marshall said the film did not have a story.[96] In early 2010, Johnston reiterated that Jurassic Park IV would essentially be the beginning of a second Jurassic Park trilogy.[97][98][99] Johnston also said the film would feature new characters and a storyline that did not involve a dinosaur theme park, while stating that the project would not use the 2004 storyline from Sayles's initial draft. Johnston hoped to further develop the project with Spielberg after they finished other projects they were working on separately, including Johnston's 2011 film, Captain America: The First Avenger.[99]
By June 15, 2011, Spielberg had met twice with writer Mark Protosevich to work on a story for a potential fourth Jurassic Park film.[100] In July 2011, Johnston said he was in discussions regarding the fourth film, which was still planned as the start of a new trilogy.[101] Later that month, at the San Diego Comic-Con International, Spielberg said a writer was working on a treatment for the film, which he said would be possibly released "within the next two or three years."[102] A representative from Universal said 2013 would be the preferred deadline for completion.[103] Over the next three months, Mark Protosevich wrote two story treatments for the film.[104] Spielberg had hoped to have a writer working on a full screenplay for Jurassic Park IV by the time he started filming his other project, Lincoln, in October 2011, with the hope that the script would be finished by the time Lincoln was finished. However, he and Kennedy felt that neither of Protosevich's treatments consisted of the right story for a fourth film.[105]
Despite this, Spielberg said in October 2011 that the script was being written by Protosevich, and that he felt the story they were working on was stronger than that of Jurassic Park III.[106] In December 2011, Kennedy said a script had not been written yet, as story ideas were still being discussed.[107] In January 2012, Kennedy said a story had been chosen and that work on the script would begin.[105] That month, Spielberg said he would not direct the film, opting instead to be a producer.[108] In June 2012, it was announced that writers Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver would be scripting Jurassic Park 4.[109]
Pre-production[edit]
On January 11, 2013, Universal said the film would be shot in 3D and released on June 13, 2014.[110] In February, it was reported that Kathleen Kennedy would not be producing the film in favor of focusing on Star Wars: The Force Awakens for 2015.[111] Her husband and production partner Frank Marshall took over as the primary producer.[112] Shortly thereafter, the director of studio operations at Raleigh Studios in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, confirmed that Universal Pictures had reserved space there from April to November 2013, without specifying the project for which it was reserved.[113]
As Kennedy prepared Star Wars: The Force Awakens, Brad Bird — who wanted to work on the film but was too busy with Tomorrowland — suggested to her that she employ director Colin Trevorrow to work as a stand-in during the pre-production of Star Wars. This instigated Kennedy and Marshall to watch Trevorrow's first film, Safety Not Guaranteed. Marshall was impressed by the film,[114] and at the end of February 2013,[115] he arranged a meeting between himself, Trevorrow and Spielberg regarding the Jurassic Park job.[114] Trevorrow flew from his home in Vermont to Amblin's offices in Los Angeles, where he was subsequently hired without reading Jaffa and Silver's script, which was still being written.[116][117] Universal announced Trevorrow as director on March 14, 2013,[118][119] while adding that Patrick Crowley was a co-producer.[120] Trevorrow had been a fan of the series since he saw the original film during its theatrical release.[15] A year had been spent searching for a director.[115] Spielberg, Marshall, and Kennedy had previously been impressed by Juan Antonio Bayona's 2012 film, The Impossible, and considered having him direct Jurassic World, but he declined as he felt there was not enough time for production.[121][122] In April 2013, Jack Horner said that a new, previously extinct creature would rise to stardom in the film, saying, "I can't actually tell you who that will be... But you'll want to keep the lights on after you see this movie."[123]
After reading Jaffa and Silver's draft, Trevorrow insisted on completely rewriting the script with writing partner Derek Connolly, who had never seen any of the Jurassic Park films prior to that point.[15][124] Trevorrow had told the filmmakers, "if I direct this screenplay, it's going to be a bad movie. I'm gonna do a bad job, because I just don't get it."[117] Trevorrow and Connolly wrote their own draft of the script over a couple of weeks.[116] The studio received the draft on May 6, 2013, and found the script changes more large-scale than anticipated.[125] On May 8, 2013, the studio announced it was pushing the release from June 13, 2014, to an unspecified future date.[126][127] Filming had been set to begin on June 24, 2013.[125] Delaying the film allowed Trevorrow and Connolly more time to work on the script,[128] as Spielberg felt that it needed improvement.[15] Another reason for the delay was to allow time for the construction of practical sets for the fictional theme park; it was previously intended to add in these buildings using computer effects.[116]
In May 2013, Trevorrow tweeted a picture of Kauai taken during location scouting with the caption "Nublar", the name of the island in the original film.[129] Later that month, Sam Neill said it was unlikely he would be a part of the film, stating, "I'm told it's a big reboot, a total re-jig."[130] Trevorrow eventually tweeted that "Reboot is a strong word. This is a new sci-fi terror adventure set 22 years after the horrific events of Jurassic Park."[131] In June 2013, a new release date of 2015 was announced,[132] and it was reported that the film would revolve around a fully functional dinosaur theme park.[133]
On September 10, 2013, Universal Pictures confirmed the film would be titled Jurassic World and would be released on June 12, 2015.[134] Trevorrow chose to rename the film from its previous title, Jurassic Park IV, to differentiate it from previous films in the series.[135] Trevorrow also said that within the story, "if you named a theme park 'Jurassic Park' after the disaster that had happened it would be a horrible PR mistake."[136] By February 7, 2014, Legendary Pictures had agreed to co-finance the film,[137] and provided about 20% of the budget.[138] China Film Group has been reported as also having financed the film.[139] Thomas Tull of Legendary Pictures served as executive producer for the film with Spielberg.[140]
Writing[edit]
Spielberg had three ideas that he wanted Jaffa and Silver to implement into the script: a fully functioning dinosaur theme park, a human who has a relationship with trained raptors (from Sayles's earlier draft), and a homicidal dinosaur that escapes and has to be stopped.[5][141][124] Jaffa and Silver's draft, titled Jurassic Park IV,[116][124] included an opening scene set in China,[112] where the fossilized remains of a new dinosaur species would be discovered by a Chinese female paleontologist.[142][5] In the draft, the remains would be stolen by a corporation with malicious intentions, ultimately leading the paleontologist and her two sons to visit Jurassic Park.[142][5] Jaffa and Silver worked on the script for approximately a year, with input from Spielberg.[143]
After the film was delayed in May 2013, Trevorrow and Connolly continued rewriting the script during the summer,[128] and worked with Spielberg during that time to perfect it.[15] Throughout the writing period, Trevorrow, Connolly and Spielberg had many meetings to discuss the film's story.[144] David Koepp also met with Trevorrow and Connolly to advise them on the script.[15] Koepp had previously written the first two films in the series, but at some point declined an offer to write the fourth film, as he felt that he had nothing left to contribute to the series.[145][146] Trevorrow said that perfecting the script was the hardest part because Jurassic Park films "don't fit into a specific genre. They're sci-fi adventures that also have to be funny, emotional and scary as hell. That takes a lot of construction, but it can't feel designed."[128]
To determine the film's story, Trevorrow and Connolly discussed world events that had occurred over the previous two decades; Trevorrow said that two main ideas emerged: "One was that money has been the gasoline in the engine of our biggest mistakes. If there are billions to be made, no one can resist them, even if they know things could end horribly. The other was that our relationship with technology has become so woven into our daily lives, we've become numb to the scientific miracles around us. We take so much for granted. […] We imagined a teenager texting his girlfriend with his back to a T-Rex behind protective glass. For us, that image captured the way much of the audience feels about the movies themselves. 'We've seen CG dinosaurs. What else you got?'"[147] Trevorrow also said Jurassic World was inspired by a quote from Ian Malcolm in the first film: "You stood on the shoulders of geniuses to accomplish something as fast as you could, and before you even knew what you had, you patented it, and packaged it, and slapped it on a plastic lunchbox, and now you wanna sell it." Trevorrow said Malcolm's quote inspired the large amount of product placement in the film.[148]
Trevorrow and Connolly maintained Spielberg's three ideas, although Trevorrow felt that the concept of trained raptors, in its original form, was too extreme and had to be "pulled way, way, way back."[116][141] A few months after being hired, Trevorrow read through each of the previous drafts that had been written for the film.[63] Trevorrow commented that each of the previous drafts "tried to do something different" from the previous films in the series.[5] Trevorrow called Sayles's initial draft "fascinating in a lot of ways. There were a lot of things I loved about it. It was properly bonkers. In a way, I aspired for our film, in its fearlessness and willingness, to go there."[63] Trevorrow further stated that he was "interested in what the Sayles script was trying to do because it was so daring. It was trying to set a tone for how far forward we needed to push. The one thing about all those scripts is that it took us too far forward with man's progressions with dinosaurs."[5] For Owen's relationship with the raptors, Trevorrow and Connelly were inspired by real-life relationships that people have formed with dangerous animals such as lions and alligators.[15][149] In the film's first appearance of the raptors, the animals are ordered to not eat a live pig located in their enclosure; Trevorrow said that this "was as far as we should be able to go" with the concept of trained raptors.[15]
Trevorrow and Connelly's rewrite of the script included new characters.[142] Trevorrow wrote the characters of Hoskins, Masrani, and Wu, while Connelly wrote the children and female characters.[15] In Jaffa and Silver's draft, the main character, who would ultimately become Owen, actively supported the militarization of the raptors from the beginning of the story. Trevorrow said that "if anyone's gonna militarize raptors that's what the bad guy does, he's insane."[150] Trevorrow and Connolly's script changes altered the story so the viewer would first see the theme park from the perspective of a child.[15] Trevorrow said that one of his goals was for the child characters of Zach and Gray to "not be annoying. And I think we pulled it off."[15] Gray was initially written as having autism, a trait that was removed from the final draft.[151]
Trevorrow and Connolly did not desire to write previous characters into the new film without a good reason for their return to the series; they considered the character of Dr. Henry Wu a logical choice, being the scientist responsible for recreating dinosaurs.[15][128] In the first novel, Henry Wu had a much larger role, which was trimmed down for the film adaptation.[15][128] Trevorrow said that the characters of Alan Grant, Ian Malcolm, and Ellie Sattler were not included in the script because, "I respect those actors too much to shoehorn them into this story for my own sentimental reasons. Jurassic Park isn't about the bad luck of three people who keep getting thrown into the same situation. The only reason they'd go back to that island is if the screenwriters contrived a reason for them to go."[128] Trevorrow said that there were ways for viewers to feel nostalgia without having an actor reprise a role after so many years, which he believed "might make you feel old and remind you that you're on a slow march towards death, like the rest of us!"[15]
Initially, the film's new dinosaur was known as Malusaurus.[152][153] Within the story of Jaffa and Silver's draft, the new dinosaur would be depicted as a real animal, while it was actually a nonexistent species in reality. Trevorrow chose to make the dinosaur a genetically modified hybrid named Indominus rex, to maintain consistency with previous films in the series, which had incorporated the latest paleontological findings and discoveries: "I didn't wanna make up a new dinosaur and tell kids it was real."[115] Trevorrow said the idea of a hybrid dinosaur was "not tremendously different from what they were doing in the first film, by adding frog DNA. It's the next level."[15] In addition to the Indominus rex, the earlier draft by Trevorrow and Connelly also included a second hybrid dinosaur named Stegoceratops, consisting of DNA from Stegosaurus and Triceratops. However, Trevorrow chose to remove the animal from the final script after his son made him realize that featuring multiple hybrids would fail to make the Indominus unique.[116][154]
In the Jaffa/Silver draft, the raptor hunt for the park's new and escaped dinosaur accounted for approximately the second half of the film. This was ultimately shortened by Trevorrow and Connelly.[155] One scene inspired by Crichton's novel, The Lost World, involves Owen riding a motorcycle while his raptors race alongside him during their search for the Indominus. Spielberg had intended to include the scene as early as 2005, although his initial vision for the scene was more similar to its novel counterpart, in which humans on a motorcycle flee from raptors rather than cooperating with them.[75][156] The Indominus's camouflage ability was also an aspect in The Lost World, which featured carnotauruses with the same ability.[157]
Trevorrow said that the film "isn't a sequel or a reboot or a remake, it's all of those things in a strange way. My third rail was being derivative and making a carbon copy of Jurassic Park."[158] Jurassic World features various references to Jurassic Park,[21][158] and is considered a direct sequel to the first film; Trevorrow stated that the events of the previous two films were not relevant to the new film's story because they took place on a different island. Despite not being referenced in Jurassic World, Trevorrow said that the events of the film's predecessors were still canon in the film series.[19][159][160]
Trevorrow suggested the idea of including a Mosasaurus as part of a theme park feeding show in which park-goers would watch from bleachers as the animal leaps out of a lagoon and catches its prey: a shark hanging above the water. Spielberg then suggested that the bleachers be lowered afterwards to give park guests a view of the creature in its aquatic habitat.[116][149] The theme park's ball-shaped gyrosphere rides were another idea from Spielberg.[149]
Regarding Zara's death scene, Trevorrow said: "It was the first time a woman was going to die in a Jurassic Park movie. We're an equal opportunities bunch of murderers! So we felt, 'Alright, let's make it the most spectacular death we can possibly imagine—let's involve multiple animals from sea and air...' […] the earned death in these movies has become a bit standard and another thing I wanted to subvert. 'How can we surprise people? Let's have someone die who just doesn't deserve to die at all.'"[154] Spielberg approved Trevorrow and Connolly's draft in September 2013.[161]
Casting[edit]
Prior to the production delay in May 2013, actors Bryce Dallas Howard, David Oyelowo, and Garrett Hedlund had been considered for roles in the film.[134] By August 15, 2013, John Krasinski was in talks for a role as a dinosaur tamer.[162] In September 2013, Howard was in early negotiations to play a role,[163] and was cast in early November.[164] By mid-October, Ty Simpkins had been cast as the child lead,[165] while Nick Robinson was cast as the older brother of Simpkins's character.[166] Robinson and Simpkins had to perform a "scream test" prior to being cast.[15] During mid-October, Jake Johnson was being considered for a role,[165] while Josh Brolin was in talks to play the role of Owen.[167][144] Brolin had been in early consideration, but ultimately did not receive an offer for the role as a final casting decision had not yet been made.[144]
By mid-November 2013, Brolin was no longer in talks for the film, and Chris Pratt was in early negotiations for the role of Owen.[168][169] By mid-January 2014, Pratt had been cast in the role.[170] Trevorrow had been impressed by Pratt's acting in Zero Dark Thirty.[15] Pratt had previously joked in 2010 that Spielberg had cast him in the film.[171] Trevorrow said that when Pratt was cast, "we had no idea he'd become as big a star as he has. I just cast a bunch of character actors, as all Jurassic Park movies have. And somehow we ended up with a movie star."[15] Trevorrow considered Owen to be a combination of Alan Grant and Ian Malcolm,[172] while Pratt said about the character: "He's got a little bit of the Goldblum cynicism but also the Sam Neill excitement at the wonder of the biology of it all, so it's a combination."[173] Although Pratt received top billing in the cast, Trevorrow stated that Howard's character, Claire, is the lead character.[144][174]
Vincent D'Onofrio, Irrfan Khan and Omar Sy were cast in early 2014.[175][176][177] Trevorrow had admired Sy's acting, and wrote the character of Barry with him in mind for the role.[10] Trevorrow also said that he cast actors such as Sy because they were well known in different parts of the world, stating that "this is a global film and Jurassic Park doesn't belong to just America."[160] In March 2014, Johnson confirmed that he would have a role in the film,[178][179] while Trevorrow announced that B. D. Wong would reprise his role as Dr. Henry Wu, stating that the character would have a more significant role than in the original film.[128] A week before filming began, it was announced that Judy Greer, Katie McGrath, and Lauren Lapkus had joined the cast.[180] Over the next two months, it was announced that Andy Buckley and James DuMont had joined the cast.[181][182]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography began on April 10, 2014,[183] at Hawaii's Honolulu Zoo,[184] where an elephant paddock was used as Jurassic World's petting zoo.[185] Filming continued for four weeks on Oʻahu.[186] Filming in Hawaii was limited to three hours on some days because of torrential rain.[15] The Indominus paddock, measuring 40 feet high, was built at Oʻahu's Kualoa Ranch, where the Gyrosphere departure platform was also built; both sets were left standing after production to become tourist attractions.[185] Owen's motorcycle sequence with the raptors was filmed along a dirt road at Kualoa Ranch, with computer-generated jungle foliage added in later during post-production.[187] Pratt crashed his motorcycle during filming, resulting in minor injuries.[15] At the end of April, interior scenes were filmed at the Hawaii Convention Center.[185][188] The film's ending—in which park guests are evacuated to an airplane hangar set up as a shelter—was filmed at the Pacific Aviation Museum Pearl Harbor on Ford Island.[185] Filming moved to Kauaʻi on May 15, 2014, and concluded there on June 6, 2014.[186]
Jurassic World was also shot in Louisiana, to take advantage of the state's tax incentives, making it the first film in the series not to be shot at studios in Los Angeles.[161] Filming was scheduled to remain in Louisiana for eleven weeks.[189] Filming in Louisiana began in June 2014, at New Orleans's abandoned Six Flags theme park;[190][189] filming continued there for approximately two weeks.[11][161] Jurassic World's Main Street and boardwalk, measuring 300 feet by 200 feet, was constructed in the Six Flags parking lot, but the theme park itself was not used for filming.[11][161] One of Main Street's restaurants is named Winston's, after Stan Winston, who died in 2008.[15] A statue of Attenborough's character, John Hammond, is also featured in the film.[21][116] Although Goldblum did not reprise his role as Ian Malcolm, the character makes two brief appearances in the film as pictured on a fictional book written by the character.[21][19]
Singer Jimmy Buffett, a friend of Marshall, has a brief non-speaking cameo appearance during the film's pterosaur attack sequence. A Margaritaville restaurant, part of a chain owned by Buffett, is among the buildings constructed as part of Jurassic World's Main Street; the restaurant is one of several buildings destroyed during the battle between the T. rex and the Indominus.[191] Trevorrow based the pterosaur attack sequence on triptych paintings by Hieronymus Bosch that featured various details for their admirers to observe. Trevorrow said about the scene, "I wanted to be able to step back and look at these tableaus of chaotic action and allow people who watch the movie over and over again, if one is interested in doing that, to always see a different story as you look specifically at different parts of the frame."[12] McGrath performed her own stunts for the scene depicting the death of her character, Zara.[12]
A majority of the filming in New Orleans took place at Big Easy Studios inside NASA's Michoud Assembly Facility complex in East New Orleans.[192][11][161] Interior scenes, including the visitor's center, control room, and laboratories, were shot at the Michoud facility.[15] Jack Horner helped designed the educational displays in the Jurassic World visitor center.[193] Approximately 200 extras, acting as park guests sitting on bleachers, were doused with large amounts of water as part of a scene depicting the Mosasaurus feeding show,[15] which was shot on an outdoor set at the Michoud facility.[194] The raptor enclosure, a 20-foot-high outdoor structure built out in an octagonal shape, was also constructed at the Michoud facility.[11][193] One jungle scene was shot on a soundstage in Louisiana, while the rest were previously shot in Hawaii.[15] On June 30, 2014, Robinson, Simpkins, and Greer filmed scenes at Louis Armstrong International Airport in New Orleans.[195] In July 2014, fake snow was used for scenes shot in New Orleans that depicted Zach and Gray's house in Wisconsin.[196][197] An evacuation scene was filmed at the Audubon Zoo in New Orleans,[190] while swamp scenes were filmed in Slidell, Louisiana.[198]
Scroggins Aviation Mockup & Effects was called in to fabricate and build the Blue Eurocopter EC130 T2 airframe body, known as "JW001" in the film,[199] while 32TEN Studios created the automatic Jurassic World gates and various practical effects such as explosions.[200] To aid in the design of the Jurassic World control room, Trevorrow and Crowley visited the control rooms at various Universal and Disney theme parks prior to filming.[5][193] However, Trevorrow and Crowley were disappointed by the unexciting appearance of real-life control rooms and chose to have the Jurassic World control room be more elaborate than its real-life counterparts.[155][193] The control room set included many television monitors that displayed miscellaneous information.[144][193] Footage for the monitors was shot in Hawaii and at the NASA facility, and some was also obtained from Universal Orlando.[193] Production designers also based some of the control room set on the appearance of the NASA facility's control room.[193] During filming, Trevorrow confirmed reports that the story involved a functioning dinosaur theme park and a hybrid dinosaur. Trevorrow expressed disappointment that such details could not be kept secretive until the film's release.[147][5] During filming, the Indominus rex was also known as Diabolus rex, a name that Trevorrow devised to maintain secrecy on the project.[5]
In contrast to the prevalence of digital cinematography in the 2010s, cinematographer John Schwartzman used Panavision cameras shooting on a combination of Kodak 35mm and 65mm film.[15][201] One of the 65mm cameras used on the production had been used in the past to shoot Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey.[161] The reason the filmmakers chose to shoot Jurassic World on film stock, in addition to Spielberg's and Schwartzman's own personal preference for the format, was in an effort to match the visual aesthetic of the previous three film-shot Jurassic Park pictures, as well as the fact that the film's exterior jungle scenes required a greater dynamic range of light than digital cameras could provide.[202] Most of Jurassic World was shot on 35mm film, while large exteriors in Hawaii were shot using 65mm film,[161] which was used for visual effect sequences as well as location shots where the filmmakers wanted extra visual impact.[202] The film is presented in a 2.00:1 aspect ratio, an intermediate ratio that falls between the two industry standard widescreen aspect ratios of 1.85:1 and 2.35:1. This was chosen because it allowed enough height for humans and dinosaurs to fit into the same frame without giving up a sense of scope, and closely matches the ratio of a digital IMAX screen.[128] Schwartzman made extensive use of the Technocrane telescopic crane, which Crowley described as fitting for a thriller, "being able to march into people, to get in closer and closer, as they realize that there's something out there." Tracking shots, particularly those that would serve as reference to the visual effects team, employed the Spydercam.[203]
The film was shot under the codename of Ebb Tide, a title chosen by Spielberg before Trevorrow was hired.[11][161] Spielberg did not visit the set,[121][204] although he watched footage of the film at the end of each production day, and sometimes offered advice to Trevorrow regarding how to shoot certain scenes.[15][121] Filming wrapped on August 5, 2014,[205] after a total of 78 shooting days.[15]
Deleted scenes[edit]
Trevorrow shot many scenes with two different versions so he would have options on which version to use for the final film.[144] One scene that was deleted from the final film featured a kiss between the characters of Vivian and Lowery.[144][154] The kiss scene was removed as the film already contained such a scene between Owen and Claire; Trevorrow said, "I knew I could only pull off one kiss in this movie. There could be only one."[154] A comedic scene featuring Howard's character and dinosaur feces, similar to Laura Dern's scene in the original Jurassic Park, was cut and not included in the cinematic release.[206] Another deleted scene occurs during the fight between the T. rex and the Indominus, which initially would have been witnessed by park guests. Trevorrow chose not to include the scene as it could not be seamlessly added into the film without disrupting the fight scene, which was primarily filmed in a single shot.[155]
During a conversation scene between Wu and Masrani, a line of dialogue was cut in which Wu asks, "How long do you think you can control it? We won't always be the only ones who can make a dinosaur."[207] An unfilmed scene would have involved the Indominus rex being startled by an animatronic T. rex at the park, and subsequently tearing the head off of the animatronic animal. Spielberg objected to the scene because he believed it would be disrespectful to Stan Winston for suggesting that computer-animated dinosaurs are better than animatronics.[208]
Creatures on screen[edit]
See also: List of cloned animals in Jurassic Park
Jurassic World is the first film in the series without the involvement of Stan Winston, who died in 2008. Instead the animatronic dinosaurs were handled by Winston's former alumni at Legacy Effects, many of whom had worked on the previous three films.[209] Ultimately, Legacy Effects contributed lighting reference models as well as a practically built animatronic.[210][211] Visual effects supervisor Phil Tippett and Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) also returned to create dinosaurs through computer-generated imagery.[212] In addition, Image Engine also worked on the film's creatures.[187] While Tim Alexander served as visual effects supervisor, Jurassic Park supervisor Dennis Muren provided various advice to the ILM crew, such as how to light the dinosaurs.[187]
The computer-generated creatures—including those seen in the park's petting zoo[15]—were created with motion capture, using human actors to perform the animals' movements,[211] marking the first time that motion capture technology had been used in the making of a dinosaur film.[144] Regarding the change in technology since the previous Jurassic Park film, Trevorrow said, "We got to build everyone from the ground up because technology has changed so much that everything is a rebuild."[213] New technology allowed for the creatures' skin and muscle tissue to be given additional detail that could not be achieved in the earlier films.[187] As with previous films in the series, actors had to imagine many of the film's creatures, which were digitally added in later during post-production. Like the previous films, actors were aided by cardboard cut-outs and tennis balls on sticks, all of which represented the creatures that would eventually be added into the film.[187] In addition, ILM utilized their V-scout application, which used an iPad to digitally depict dinosaur models into the filming environment, to further aid the actors.[187][214] ILM also used the V-scout during location scouting.[187]
Part of the fight scene between the T. rex and the Indominus was inspired by a video clip that Spielberg shot of his dogs growling and lunging at each other.[15] Early in pre-production, Tippett helped Trevorrow plan and choreograph the battle sequence by having a scale model created for the scene. Previsualizations of the scene were then created to assist in filming it. Tippett also visited the set during production and later discussed the creature animations with ILM.[187] Trevorrow included several creatures in the film that he felt had always deserved a big scene in the franchise, but also stated "I didn't want to just throw the kitchen sink at it. Each of these movies has done a good job at just very carefully, in a measured way, increasing the new dinosaurs that you see."[213] Several creatures make notable appearances in the film:
Indominus rex: In addition to the DNA of T. rex, Velociraptor and cuttlefish, the film's theme park website states that the creature also has the DNA of Carnotaurus, Giganotosaurus, Majungasaurus, and Rugops.[157] Trevorrow stated that the animal's mixed DNA allowed the creature to have attributes "that no dinosaur was known to have."[215] ILM conducted many animation tests to examine the creature's unique characteristics, which included its long arms, raptor claws, and small thumbs; its ability to walk on four legs and push itself up from the ground with its claws; and its ability to throw things with its claws. Glen McIntosh, the animation supervisor for ILM, said, "We did a bunch of animation tests to explore that. We found that if you overanimated or made it too anthropomorphic and human-like in its movement, it feels it. The goal was to always make sure she felt like a gigantic animal that was a theropod but taking advantage of its extra features."[187] Several fifth scale maquettes of the Indominus rex were created for lighting reference.[187]
For the film's Velociraptor, Tippett provided animatics and previsualization scenes during pre-production. The creatures were primarily created through motion capture.[187][216] Image Engine finished the creatures using the motion capture information and a near-final raptor model by ILM.[187] Life-size maquettes of the raptors were also used during scenes in which the creatures are caged.[193][204] For the sequence in which the raptors run through the jungle hunting for the Indominus, Trevorrow had been inspired by a quote from character Robert Muldoon in the first film, in which he stated that the animals were capable of cheetah speeds. McIntosh said, "We had seen how smart and cunning the raptors could be as hunters but we hadn't seen them as these unbelievably agile and ferociously fast animals in their native jungle environment." Legacy Effects provided one of the full-sized raptor models built for Jurassic Park to the ILM crew as reference. The raptor model weighed approximately 500 pounds, and measured approximately six feet tall and 12 to 14 feet long, which helped the animators in determining the raptors' locomotion for the hunting scene. The animators determined that an animal of such size probably weighed as much as a fully grown Bengal tiger: approximately 500 pounds. Thus, the animators referenced an ostrich and a tiger for deciding on the raptors' movements. Ostrich was chosen because it is the largest existing bird and the fastest two-legged animal alive; McIntosh said that the "length of the steps and the cadence of the steps informed the animators."[187] McIntosh said that tigers were also referenced because of their intense focus while running "where the body moves around the head but the head stays fixed and focused on its prey. The tiger also gave us the power of a predator that size charging and weaving through the jungle while on the hunt."[187] For the hunting scene, the raptors' heads were also extended forward, giving the animals a straight silhouette from the head to the tail, like a tiger. Some initial animation tests were created for the hunting sequence about three or four months prior to filming.[187]
Several individuals of Apatosaurus are featured in the film, including a practically built animatronic that was used for a sequence filmed in a field in Kauaʻi, Hawaii.[210][211][15] Because of the cost, Crowley was initially hesitant to have an animatronic created for the film, but Trevorrow convinced him that fans of the series would enjoy it.[15][160] The animatronic consisted of a seven-foot-long section of the dinosaur's neck, which was used for a close-up shot depicting the animal's death.[187] ILM used elephants as an example of how to animate the Apatosaurus. McIntosh stated that "there are no existing animals that have such large necks, but in terms of the size and steps they're taking, elephants are an excellent example of that. Also the way their skin jiggles and sags. You also have impact tremors that rise up through their legs as they take steps."[187] Legacy Effects initially created a small model of the creature for use in the film, but Spielberg decided that a larger model would be better. The original model was scanned into a computer, allowing artists to create a 3D printing in the desired size needed for the film.[217]
The film's Tyrannosaurus rex is meant to be the same individual from the first film. Trevorrow said "we took the original design and obviously, technology has changed. So, it's going to move a little bit differently, but it'll move differently because it's older. And we're giving her some scars and we're tightening her skin. So, she has that feeling of, like, an older Burt Lancaster."[218][213] The T. rex was portrayed through motion capture,[144] and a full scale T. rex foot was created for lighting reference and to help with framing up shots.[187]
According to Trevorrow, the film's Mosasaurus was designed to resemble designs that Winston had done for dinosaurs in the franchise's earlier films: "We made sure to give her a look and a kind of personality in the way we designed her face that recalled Stan Winston's designs for many of the other dinosaurs in this world. She looks like a Jurassic Park dinosaur."[215]
Dimorphodon appears in Jurassic World, marking its first appearance in the series.[15][213] Through motion-capture, dwarf actor Martin Klebba stood in as a Dimorphodon for a scene in which one of the creatures attempts to attack Owen.[216][219][220] A full scale head of the creature was also created for the scene.[187]
Pteranodon.
Pachycephalosaurus and Parasaurolophus.
Ankylosaurus, one of Trevorrow's favorite dinosaurs, is featured in the film,[160][144] being one of several creatures that he felt was deserving of a substantial scene.[213] Trevorrow noted the death of one of the ankylosaurs as an example of moments in the film "that are designed to really make these creatures feel like living animals that you can connect to. Especially since so many of the themes in the film involve our relationship with animals on the planet right now, I wanted them to feel real."[144]
Stegosaurus and Triceratops appear in the film; for their movements, which included running, ILM studied the movements of rhinos and elephants and copied such movements when animating the dinosaurs.[187][215] According to Trevorrow, "In certain shots, you're looking at real animals running that just have a dinosaur's skin laid over."[215]
A running herd of approximately 60 Gallimimus makes an appearance in Jurassic World.[187][221] Image Engine created the scene with more than 400 frames, consisting of up to 50 layers that included clumps of grass and dirt, as well as dust. Artists for Image Engine often viewed the dinosaur species' appearance in the first film,[187] in which a group of Gallimimus are also depicted as running.[187][221] Jeremy Mesana, animation supervisor for Image Engine, said, "We were always going back and staring at that little snippet from the first film. It was always interesting trying to find the feeling of the Gallimimus. Trying to capture the same essence of that original shot was really tricky."[187]
Dilophosaurus appeared in the first film and makes a brief appearance in Jurassic World as a hologram in the theme park's visitor center.[222][223]
Music[edit]
Main article: Jurassic World: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
The musical score was composed by Michael Giacchino, who had previously scored the video games Warpath: Jurassic Park and The Lost World: Jurassic Park.[224] Themes from John Williams's previous Jurassic Park scores were also incorporated by Giacchino. "It was a really targeted approach, as to where to [include Williams's themes] and where would make the most sense and where would we most appreciate it, as fans ourselves," said Giacchino.[225] A soundtrack album was released on June 9, 2015, by Back Lot Music.[226]
Marketing and promotion[edit]
The first official pictures of the film set were released on April 23, 2014,[227] followed by the release of the first film stills in June 2014.[228] During the San Diego Comic-Con in July 2014, 500 copies of a limited-edition Jurassic World poster by Mark Englert were given out at the convention.[229][230] Audiences at the convention were disappointed by the lack of Jurassic World footage; what they initially believed to be footage for the film was actually a teaser trailer announcement for Legendary Pictures' upcoming film, Skull Island.[231][232][233]
Two viral marketing websites, for the fictional Masrani Global Corporation and for the Jurassic World theme park, were launched on November 17, 2014.[234] The Masrani website was created by Jack Ewins and Timothy Glover, two Jurassic Park fans who had earlier created a website for the fictional Patel Corporation, as Khan was initially reported to be playing a park owner with the surname Patel. After the Patel website was mistaken by some people as an official website associated with the film, Ewins and Glover were contacted and hired by Universal in April 2014 to design the official Masrani website and to add their own backstory details to it.[235][236]
The Masrani website included information that was absent from the film and details the company's purchase of InGen, as well as the park's origins.[237] The Masrani website also included videos starring D'Onofrio and Wong in their roles as they speak about the fictional company.[238][239] Paleontologist Brian Switek was hired in early 2015 to ensure the accuracy of dinosaur information on the film's theme park website.[240] Trevorrow sometimes stayed up late to write fictional customer comments for the theme park website, and said, "It was then that I realized I'd gone too far down the rabbit hole."[15] Closed circuit footage that was featured on the control room's video monitors was filmed during production and was also added to the theme park website.[144]
A short teaser trailer was released online on November 23, 2014.[241] The first full trailer was released online on November 25, 2014;[242] it had initially been scheduled to air on NBC two days later, during a Thanksgiving football game.[241][243] A television advertisement premiered during Super Bowl XLIX on February 1, 2015.[244] A clip from the film was aired on MTV on April 8, 2015,[245][246] and depicted the character of Owen arguing with Claire about the treatment of the park's dinosaurs.[247] Film director and writer Joss Whedon criticized the clip, calling it "'70s-era sexist." Referring to Pratt and Howard's characters, Whedon stated, "She's a stiff, he's a life-force — really? Still?"[247][248][249] Trevorrow later stated that he was not bothered by Whedon's comments and that "to be honest, I don't totally disagree with him. I wonder why [Universal] chose a clip like that, that shows an isolated situation within a movie that has an internal logic. That starts with characters that are almost archetypes, stereotypes that are deconstructed as the story progresses."[174] Howard also considered the clip to be a marketing mistake.[249]
Later in April 2015, three new posters for the film were released during a three-day period leading up to the premiere of the final trailer.[250][251] Trevorrow was disappointed with Universal because he felt that the trailers had shown "far more of this movie than I would have ever wanted." Because of the film's cost, Trevorrow stated that the trailers included scenes which Universal felt were necessary to ensure the film's financial success, after the studio was disappointed by Jurassic Park III's box-office performance.[252] Universal spent a total of $34.9 million on TV advertisements for the film.[253] Various companies served as promotional partners, such as Kellogg's, Dairy Queen, and Barbasol.[254] Lego and Hasbro released toys based on the film.[255][256][257][258] A video game based on the film, Lego Jurassic World, and an iOS/Android application produced by Ludia, Jurassic World: The Game, were released in 2015.[259][260] Tippett Studio worked with Universal and Efexio to create the Jurassic World Mobile MovieMaker app,[187] which adds dinosaurs to a photo background.[261]
Lego Jurassic World: The Indominus Escape (2016)
In October 2016, a 24-minute children's animated film titled Lego Jurassic World: The Indominus Escape was released as part of a Jurassic World DVD bundle set, receiving shared billing alongside the 2015 film. The film marks the first time an animated film spin-off of Jurassic Park has been released.[262] The film is a prequel to Jurassic World, and features most of the primary adult characters on the island (with the exception of Barry and Zara) attempting to capture a hotdog-loving Indominus rex. Zachary Levi and Sendhil Ramamurthy joined Jake Johnson, Lauren Lapkus, Bryce Dallas Howard and B. D. Wong as voice actors.[263] The film received a 36% audience score on Rotten Tomatoes.[264]
Lego Jurassic World: Employee Safety Video (2016)
With the individual release of The Indominus Escape, a short film, Lego Jurassic World: Employee Safety Video, was released, featuring B. D. Wong, David Gunning, Jake Johnson and Lauren Lapkus reprising their roles from The Indominus Escape.[265][262]
Release[edit]
Jurassic World held its first premiere on May 29, 2015, in Paris, France at the Grand Rex cinema.[266] The film's theatrical release happened in 66 territories from June 10 to 12,[267] with North America having advance screenings at Majestic 10 Cinemas in Williston, Vermont on the 10th,[268] before opening on 4,273 venues, the largest ever screen count for Universal, two days later.[269][270] Japan was the last market where the movie was released, on August 5.[271]
Worldwide, Jurassic World was released across 809 IMAX theaters (364 of which were in North America), making it the third-largest worldwide rollout for any movie in IMAX's history and the largest day-and-date IMAX release ever.[272][273][274] Universal relaunched the film in IMAX 3D in theaters on August 28, 2015, for one week in the United States and Canada.[275]
Home media[edit]
Jurassic World was released on DVD, Blu-ray, and Blu-ray 3D on October 20, 2015.[276] Upon release, it sold nearly three million Blu-ray and DVD units in its first week, making it the highest-selling home entertainment live-action film both for Universal and of 2015. Across all digital and physical formats, Jurassic World generated $82.6 million in its first week.[277][278] At the end of 2015, it was named the second-highest selling video of the year in the UK, selling 1.05 million copies since its release. It was the third-highest-selling DVD and the second-highest-selling Blu-ray in the country.[279] Jurassic World is included in the Jurassic Park 4K UHD Blu-Ray collection which was released on May 22 2018.[280]
Charts[edit]
The DVD debuted at number-one on the UK DVD Charts.
Charts (2015)
Peak
position
UK DVD Chart[281]
1
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Box Office Records set by Jurassic World[note 1][note 2]
USA & Canada
Worldwide
Record
Achievement
Record
Achievement
Opening weekend[note 3] $208.8[282] Worldwide opening weekend $524.4[267]
Second weekend $106.7[283] Overseas opening weekend[note 3] $315.6[267]
IMAX gross during opening weekend $20.6[284] IMAX worldwide opening weekend $44.1[267]
Cinemark XD gross during opening weekend $4.3[284][285] IMAX overseas opening weekend $23.5[267]
June opening day & weekend $81.9 & $208.8[286][287][284] IMAX worldwide single-day gross $13[288]
Premium large formats gross during opening weekend $16.2[284] Fastest to $80 million in IMAX ticket sales 12 days[284]
Fastest-grossing (days)[289][290] $100 (2)
$200 (3)
$300 (8)
$400 (10)
$500 (17) Fastest-grossing (days)[291] $1,000 (13)
Weekend theater average $48,855[292]
Non-opening day gross[293][294] Monday ($25.3)
Tuesday ($24.3)
Notes
Jump up ^ Records set by the movie during its theatrical run.
Jump up ^ Revenue presented in million dollars.
^ Jump up to: a b Records for Universal Pictures, its distributor, as well.
Jurassic World grossed $652.3 million in the United States and Canada and $1.019 billion in other countries for a worldwide total of $1.672 billion, against a production budget of $150 million.[4] It set a box office record during its opening weekend, becoming the first film in cinematic history which had generated over $500 million in a single weekend, and was the third-highest-grossing film of all time in both the USA and Canada and the world during its theatrical run.[267] It is the second-highest-grossing among all films released in 2015 and the highest in the Jurassic Park franchise.[295][296][297][298][299] It is the second of three films following Furious 7 and Minions to pass $1 million in 4DX admissions worldwide.[300][301] Deadline Hollywood calculated the net profit of the film to be $474.63 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues for the film.[302]
North America[edit]
Predictions for the opening of Jurassic World in the U.S.A. and Canada were continuously revised upwards, starting from $125 million to $200 million.[303][304][305][284] It opened on Friday, June 12, 2015 in 4,274 theaters and earned $81.9 million on its opening day, marking the fifth-biggest opening day and fifth-biggest single-day gross.[287][306][307] The film's Friday gross included an $18.5 million from 3,229 theaters in its early Thursday showings, a record for Universal.[305] Without Thursday night grosses, the film earned the largest opening-day gross ($63.5 million).[306][308] It also set a single-day IMAX record ($8.6 million) and a Saturday and Sunday gross record ($69.6 million and $57.2 million, respectively).[284][309][310] In total, it earned $208,806,270 for its debut weekend, setting an opening-weekend record,[284][311] and an IMAX opening record of $20.6 million (10.2% of the total opening gross) from 363 IMAX theaters.[284] 3D accounted for 48% of the total opening gross.[284] RealD 3D comprised $70 million of the opening gross.[267] It is also the biggest opening for Chris Pratt.[312] The opening-weekend audience was evenly split among those under and over the age of 25, with 52% of the audience male, 48% female, 39% under age 25, 61% age 25 years and above.[284]
It set a record for the largest second-weekend gross, dropping by 49% to $106.6 million[313][314] and it topped the North American box office for three consecutive weekends.[315] Other records set by the film at the time included the biggest weekend per-theater average for a wide release ($48,855 per theater),[316] the fastest film to reach $100 million and each additional $50 million through $600 million,[289] and the largest cumulative gross through every day of release until, and including, its fifty-third day (with the exception of its first day).[317][318] As of June 21, 2015, RealD, IMAX and premium large format had grossed a total of $132 million, $42 million and $23.1 million, respectively.[319] On Friday, July 17, 2015, the movie hit the $600 million mark, becoming the fourth and fastest to do so in 36 days.[320] On Friday, August 28, 2015 the film was re-launched in 350 IMAX theaters earning $3.1 million through the weekend.[321] Through September 5, 2015 IMAX contributed 9% or $56 million of its total revenue.[322] It ended its theatrical run on November 19, 2015, playing for a total of 161 days in theaters and earning a total of $652,270,625, which is 39% of its total worldwide gross.[4] It became the fourth-highest-grossing film of all time,[295] the second-highest-grossing film of 2015,[296] the highest-grossing Universal Pictures film,[323] the highest-grossing Legendary Pictures film,[324] and the highest-grossing film in the Jurassic Park franchise.[297] Box Office Mojo estimates that the film sold more than 70 million tickets in the US.[325]
Outside North America[edit]
Jurassic World was released in approximately 63 countries.[326] Outside the United States and Canada, the film opened on Wednesday, June 10, 2015, in 8 countries, earning $24 million. On Thursday, June 11, it grossed another $46 million from 37 markets for a two-day total of $70 million from 45 countries. It added 21 more countries on June 12, earning $60 million, which is Universal's highest-grossing international Friday of all time, for a three-day total of $130 million from 66 countries.[327][305][328][267] Through Sunday, June 14, it had a five-day opening weekend total of $316.1 million from 66 countries from 19,612 screens, representing 31% of its total overseas gross and setting an opening-weekend record.[267][329] This included an IMAX opening record of $23.5 million from 443 IMAX theaters in 56 countries.[267] 65% of its grosses came from 3D[267] (equivalent to $205 million).[311][330] Additional record includes the highest single-day IMAX gross with $6.5 million on Saturday, June 12, 2015.[267] Revenues in its second weekend dropped by 47.4% to $166.7 million, according to Box Office Mojo,[331] while Deadline.com reported a 48.3% drop to $163.4 million.[332] It topped the box office outside of North America for three consecutive weekends.[333][334]
It had the biggest opening day of all time for Universal in Hong Kong; the second-biggest in Australia, France, Indonesia, the Philippines, Russia, and South Korea;[267] and the biggest opening day of all time in Panama.[267] It also scored the biggest opening for Universal in nine countries, including Australia, China, Ecuador, France, Hong Kong, South Korea, the Philippines, Singapore, the UK, Ireland, and Malta.[267] In China, it grossed $17.77 million on its opening day (including $1.39 million from midnight runs), which is the tenth-biggest of all time and went on to earn $100.1 million in its opening weekend, which is the third-biggest of all time.[267][335][336][337] It also scored the second-biggest IMAX opening there with $11.8 million.[267] Following China, its largest openings outside of the U.S. and Canada, occurred in the UK, Ireland and Malta ($30.1 million),[338] France and the Maghreb region ($14.7 million),[339] Mexico ($14.6 million),[340] South Korea ($14.2 million)[341] and Japan ($13 million).[267][271][342][343] In South Korea, the film was released during the 2015 MERS outbreak, which resulted in a plunge in film attendance beginning from late May 2015. This led to various local film distributors changing or postponing local films' release dates. However, since U.S. film studios are debarred from altering their scheduled dates, the film had to be released on its intended date.[344]
It became the highest-grossing film in the Jurassic Park film series in 25 countries.[267] IMAX tickets sales has grossed a total of $42.1 million as of June 21, 2015.[332] In total earnings, its largest markets outside of the U.S. are China with $228 million followed by the UK, Ireland and Malta ($97.8 million), Japan ($69.2 million), South Korea ($41.79 million), Mexico ($41.73 million), India($16.10 million) and Germany ($41.6 million).[345][346][347][348][349][350]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 71% based on 311 reviews and an average rating of 6.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Jurassic World can't match the original for sheer inventiveness and impact, but it works in its own right as an entertaining—and visually dazzling—popcorn thriller."[351] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 59 out of 100 based on 49 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[352] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.[305]
Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian gave the film four stars out of five and felt that it was "terrifically enjoyable and exciting summer spectacular" and "savvy, funny, ridiculous in just the right way".[353] Robbie Collin of The Telegraph also awarded it four stars, deeming it a worthy sequel to the original Jurassic Park, and called it "methodically paced and shot with an awestruck visual sense that's pure Spielberg".[354] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave it three out of four stars and wrote: "It's not the cynical, cash-in cheesefest you feared. OK, Jurassic World is a little of that. But this state-of-the-art dino epic is also more than a blast of rumbling, roaring, 'did you effing see that!' fun." He praised Trevorrow's direction, Pratt's and Howard's performances and the effects.[355] Writing for The Hollywood Reporter, Todd McCarthy criticized the romance between Owen and Claire and felt that the film was not terribly scary, but praised the CGI and score, and wrote that the film nevertheless would be appealing to audiences everywhere.[356]
The Associated Press rated the film two stars out of four and called it "an ugly, over-saturated movie" that lacks the "deft sense of wonderment, wit and suspense that guided the original". However, the review praised the film's score, as well as Pratt and Howard's performances.[357] Spielberg said, "To see 'Jurassic World' come to life is almost like seeing 'Jurassic Park' come true,"[358] while Sam Neill also praised the film and its acting.[359] Several news publications, as well as Neill, noted the violence of Zara's death scene,[360][361][362][363] although Entertainment Weekly wrote, "There's nothing amusing about the demise of Zara, who's as close to 'real people' as Jurassic World gets, and it's that unsettling quality about her death that more Hollywood disaster epics need in order to reclaim their visceral emotional prowess."[364] Several news outlets, including The New York Times, New York, and Slate, considered the film's depiction of Claire to be sexist,[249] including her use of high heels throughout the film.[365][366][367]
Several journalists have noted plot and character similarities between Jurassic World and the 1999 film Deep Blue Sea. Christopher Rosen, Senior News Director at Entertainment Weekly, tweeted that "Jurassic World is my favorite Deep Blue Sea remake of 2015".[368] Major entertainment website Dark Horizons stated in its coverage of Jurassic World that "some aren't warming to the Deep Blue Sea meets Jaws 3-D storyline",[369] while entertainment website Flickering Myth posted the story "Deja Vu: Isn't Jurassic World just Deep Blue Sea with dinosaurs?", which outlined plot and character similarities between the two films.[370] Pop culture website The Complex stated Jurassic World was "basically going to be the big budget Deep Blue Sea re-imagining that we all deserve. Scientists, driven by a cold near-heartless leader, tinkering with already smart animals. The beast whisperer who warns against fucking with nature. It's like watching Saffron Burrows and Thomas Jane flirt all over again."[371]
Accolades[edit]
In December 2015, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences placed Jurassic World on its shortlist of potential nominees for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects at the 88th Academy Awards.[372] While it ultimately was not nominated for a position, the film received the following nominations and awards from various organizations:
Year
Award / Film Festival
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)
2015 Teen Choice Awards Choice Movie: Villain Vincent D'Onofrio Nominated [373]
Choice Summer Movie
Nominated
Choice Summer Movie Star: Male Chris Pratt Nominated
Choice Summer Movie Star: Female Bryce Dallas Howard Nominated
Choice Movie: Hissy Fit Nominated
Hollywood Film Awards Hollywood Visual Effects Award Tim Alexander Won [374]
World Soundtrack Academy Film Composer of the Year Michael Giacchino (also for Dawn of the Planet of the Apes, Inside Out, Jupiter Ascending, Tomorrowland) Won [375]
2016 People's Choice Awards Favorite Movie
Nominated [376]
Favorite Movie Actor Chris Pratt Nominated
Favorite Action Movie
Nominated
Favorite Action Movie Actor Chris Pratt Nominated
Critics' Choice Movie Awards Best Action Movie
Nominated
Best Sci-Fi/Horror Movie
Nominated
Best Actor in an Action Movie Chris Pratt Nominated
Best Actress in an Action Movie Bryce Dallas Howard Nominated
Best Visual Effects
Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Action Performance By Stunt Ensemble Motion Picture
Nominated
Art Directors Guild Excellence in Production Design for a Feature Film – Fantasy Film Edward Verreaux Nominated
Visual Effects Society Outstanding Created Environment in a Photoreal Feature Martyn Culpitt, Jao Sita, Yuta Shimizu, Michael Billette (for Jungle Chase) Nominated
Outstanding Models in a Photoreal or Animated Project Steve Jubinville, Martin Murphy, Aaron Gret, Kevin Reuter (for Indominus Rex) Nominated
Annie Awards Animated Effects in a Live Action Production
Nominated [377]
Character Animation in a Live Action Production Indominus Rex Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Sound (Editing and Mixing) Christopher Boyes, Pete Horner, Kirk Francis, Al Nelson and Gwendolyn Yates Whittle Nominated
Best Visual Effects Tim Alexander, Glen McIntosh, Tony Plett and Michael Meinardus Nominated
Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Movie
Nominated
Favorite Movie Actor Chris Pratt Nominated
MTV Movie Awards Movie of the Year
Nominated [378]
Best Male Performance Chris Pratt Nominated
Best Action Performance Chris Pratt Won
Empire Awards Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy
Nominated
Best Visual Effects
Nominated
Saturn Award Best Science Fiction
Nominated [379]
Best Director Colin Trevorrow Nominated
Best Writing Rick Jaffa, Amanda Silver, Derek Connolly, and Colin Trevorrow Nominated
Best Performance by a Younger Actor Ty Simpkins Won
Best Editing Kevin Stitt Nominated
Best Production Design Ed Verreaux Nominated
Best Special Effects John Rosengrant, Michael Lantieri, and Tim Alexander Nominated
Controversies[edit]
Scientific accuracy[edit]
A Twitter post attributed to Trevorrow stated there would be no feathered dinosaurs in the film.[380] While the first Jurassic Park film was lauded by paleontologists for depicting dinosaurs accurately and in line with the science of the time, subsequent discoveries have challenged the view of dinosaurs as slow and giant lizard-like reptiles. Jurassic World has been criticized for purposely ignoring new discoveries and knowledge. Several dinosaur researchers have called the film a "dumb monster movie" for failing to include new discoveries about the creatures, such as some dinosaurs being covered with feathers or protofeathers, and the way Velociraptor held their front limbs.[381][382][383] Since the film's teaser trailer release, many paleontologists expressed their disappointment on Twitter, Facebook and their own blogs, calling the dinosaurs that were featured a retrograde step from the original Jurassic Park.[384]
In response to these criticisms, Trevorrow said that "the film is scientifically 'inaccurate' because it is a science-fiction movie and not a documentary."[382] Feathered dinosaurs had been planned early in the film's development.[385] A faux review on the film's theme park website speculates that the use of amphibian DNA to fill the gaps in the dinosaur DNA (a plot point in the original novel and film) prevented the dinosaurs from growing feathers.[386] In the film, there is a scene in which character Dr. Henry Wu (portrayed by B. D. Wong) informs Simon Masrani (portrayed by Irrfan Khan) that had the scientists not included DNA from various other animals, the dinosaurs "would look very different". Wu then reminds Masrani that he had asked for "cooler" dinosaurs, rather than ones that would be scientifically accurate.
Writing credits dispute[edit]
At the end of March 2015, a Writers Guild of America (WGA) arbitration panel ruled that Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver would receive credit for writing the screenplay with Trevorrow and Connolly. Trevorrow and Connolly strongly disagreed with the decision,[387][388] although they decided that under WGA rules, they did not have grounds to appeal. They accepted the ruling on March 31, 2015.[388] On April 2, 2015, it was reported that Universal Pictures originally wanted Trevorrow and Connolly to be credited for the screenplay. In the film's Super Bowl trailer, Trevorrow and Connolly were credited for writing the film. It was then reported that they appealed the WGA's decision, that they wrote an entirely new screenplay that was not based on Jaffa and Silver's draft, and that they wanted full writing credit for the script.[387]
On April 7, 2015, it was reported that the arbiters had unanimously denied Trevorrow and Connolly's appeal in a second hearing held on April 3, and that they gave Jaffa and Silver an additional credit for writing the original story, with the decision being appealed by Trevorrow and Connolly.[389] Later that day, Trevorrow denied that he and Connolly appealed the WGA's original decision of giving Jaffa and Silver co-credit for the screenplay, despite disagreeing with it. He also stated that he and Connolly were not informed of the second hearing until it was already over.[388] The credits of the screenplay ultimately went to both writing teams, with Jaffa and Silver also being credited for writing the original story.[388]
Sequel[edit]
A sequel, titled Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom, is scheduled for release in June 2018.[390] Trevorrow and Connolly returned to write the script for the sequel, which will feature Pratt and Howard reprising their roles.[391] Trevorrow had previously said in 2014, "We wanted to create something that would be a little bit less arbitrary and episodic, and something that could potentially arc into a series that would feel like a complete story."[209] In May 2015, Trevorrow confirmed that he would not be returning to direct a sequel,[392] and he instead acted as an executive producer with Spielberg.[391] J. A. Bayona directed the film, which will serve as the middle chapter of a planned Jurassic World trilogy.[393][394] Filming took place from February to July 2017.[395][396]
See also[edit]
List of films featuring dinosaurs
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ Nancy Tartaglione (September 21, 2015). "'Scorch Trials' Heats Up $43.2M; 'Everest' Scales $28.8M – Intl Box Office Final". Deadline Hollywood. (Penske Media Corporation). Archived from the original on September 22, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Jurassic World (2015)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Archived from the original on November 28, 2015. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Jurassic World Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on June 15, 2015. Retrieved June 16, 2015.
Jump up ^ Peter Bradshaw (June 10, 2015). "Jurassic World review – Chris Pratt runs riot in upgraded dino-disaster movie". The Guardian. Archived from the original on June 10, 2015. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Robbie Collin (June 10, 2015). "Jurassic World review: 'the dinosaurs still amaze'". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on June 11, 2015. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Peter Travers (June 10, 2015). "Jurassic World". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 11, 2015. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ Todd McCarthy (June 10, 2015). "'Jurassic World': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved June 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Review: 'Jurassic World' Bites Into the Modern Blockbuster". The New York Times. (The New York Times Company). The Associated Press. June 10, 2015. Archived from the original on August 28, 2015. Retrieved June 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Agar, Chris (April 30, 2015). "'Jurassic World': Steven Spielberg Says It's 'Jurassic Park Come True'". Screen Rant. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Mike (January 24, 2016). "Sam Neill Talks 'Jurassic World' And Losing His Seat At Sundance To Nick Jonas". Uproxx. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Lamble, Ryan (June 12, 2015). "Jurassic World's most horrific scene, and family horror". Den of Geek. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ McConnaughy, James (March 8, 2016). "The Death of Zara Young, or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Hate Jurassic World". The Mary Sue. Archived from the original on March 9, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Dye, Tracy (June 12, 2015). "This 'Jurassic World' Spoiler Is So Shocking, It Will Chill You To The Bone". Bustle. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Mack, David (January 24, 2016). "That Woman's Crazy Death In "Jurassic World" Shocked Sam Neill: "Boy, what did the English girl do wrong? She got eaten by like three dinosaurs at once."". BuzzFeed. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Breznican, Anthony (June 12, 2015). "Eat 'em up: The case against innocent bystanders (in movies)". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved June 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Woerner, Meredith (June 20, 2015). "'Jurassic World' battles sexism claims, in heels". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ Garber, Megan (June 15, 2015). "The Perma-Pump: Jurassic World's Silliest Character". The Atlantic. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bryce Dallas Howard Defends High-Heel Running in 'Jurassic World': "That's What Women Can Do"". The Hollywood Reporter. October 22, 2015. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Christopher Rosen on Twitter". Twitter.
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Jump up ^ "Deja Vu: Isn't Jurassic World just Deep Blue Sea with dinosaurs?". Flickering Myth. 2015-04-19.
Jump up ^ "The Thirst Is Open: Two "Jurassic Park" Nerds Discuss That New "Jurassic World" Trailer". Complex.
Jump up ^ "20 Contenders Advance in VFX Oscar Race" (Press release). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. December 7, 2015. Archived from the original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "2015 Teen Choice Award Winners – Full List". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. August 16, 2015. Archived from the original on January 10, 2016. Retrieved August 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ "2015 Honorees". Hollywood Film Awards. Hollywood Film Awards. November 1, 2015. Archived from the original on December 8, 2015. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Film Composer of the Year – World Soundtrack Awards". World Soundtrack Academy. Archived from the original on October 13, 2014. Retrieved March 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Favorite Movie". People's Choice Awards. October 12, 2015. Retrieved October 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Inside Out,' 'Good Dinosaur' Lead Annie Award Nominations". Variety. December 1, 2015. Archived from the original on February 5, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bell, Crystal (March 8, 2016). "Here Are Your 2016 MTV Movie Awards Nominees". MTV (MTV Networks). Archived from the original on March 12, 2016. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The 42nd Annual Saturn Awards nominations are announced for 2016!". Saturn Awards. February 24, 2016. Archived from the original on February 27, 2014. Retrieved March 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Byford, Sam (March 27, 2013). "'Jurassic Park 4' flies in the face of science by cutting feathered dinosaurs". The Verge / Vox Media. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013. ...if the post is legitimate, [p]resumably he is concerned about preserving the legacy and continuity of Jurassic Park
Jump up ^ Qiu, Linda; Vergano, Dan (November 26, 2014). "'Jurassic World' Dinosaurs Stuck in the 1980s, Experts Grumble". National Geographic. Archived from the original on December 6, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Khaleda Rahman (May 10, 2015). "New Jurassic World film slammed as 'dumb monster movie' because dinosaurs were covered in fluffy feathers in real life". Daily Mail. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved May 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Jess Denham (May 11, 2015). "Jurassic World: Scientists criticise 'dumb monster movie' for lack of feathers on dinosaurs". The Independent. (Alexander Lebedev). Archived from the original on May 13, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ John Conway (December 4, 2014). "Scientists disappointed Jurassic World dinosaurs don't look like dinosaurs". The Guardian. Archived from the original on December 4, 2014. Retrieved December 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Merali, Zeeya (October 6, 2004). "Feathered ancestor of T. rex unearthed". Nature. Archived from the original on October 24, 2004. Retrieved June 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jurassic World". Jurassic World. Archived from the original on August 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b David Robb (April 2, 2015). "Writers Guild Takes On Universal Over 'Jurassic World' Credits". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 3, 2015. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d David Robb (April 7, 2015). "'Jurassic World' Script Credits Resolved; Helmer Colin Trevorrow Speaks On Arbitration Process". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 8, 2015. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Robb, David (April 6, 2015). "Another Appeal In 'Jurassic World' Writing Credits Saga". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 8, 2015. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Nugent, John (June 22, 2017). "Jurassic World 2 Title Revealed In First Teaser Poster". Empire. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Rebecca Ford (July 23, 2015). "'Jurassic World 2' Set for 2018". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Archived from the original on July 24, 2015. Retrieved July 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ Alex McCown (June 1, 2015). "One trip to Jurassic World is enough for Colin Trevorrow". A. V. Club. Archived from the original on June 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Sampson, Mike (April 18, 2016). "J.A. Bayona Confirmed to Direct 'Jurassic World 2'". ScreenCrush.com. Archived from the original on April 20, 2016. Retrieved April 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ Douglas, Edward (September 10, 2016). "Exclusive: Jurassic World Confirmed as a Trilogy". Latino Review Online. Archived from the original on September 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (February 24, 2017). "Jurassic World 2 Starts Filming". GameSpot.com. Archived from the original on February 26, 2017. Retrieved February 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bayona, JA (July 8, 2017). "This is a wrap for Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom! What a journey! Thank you to everyone that made it possible!". Twitter. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
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