text:
Peter Rabbit (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Peter Rabbit
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Will Gluck
Produced by
Will Gluck
Zareh Nalbandian
Screenplay by
Rob Lieber
Will Gluck
Based on
Peter Rabbit
by Beatrix Potter
Starring
James Corden
Domhnall Gleeson
Rose Byrne
Sam Neill
Daisy Ridley
Elizabeth Debicki
Margot Robbie
Music by
Dominic Lewis[1]
Cinematography
Peter Menzies Jr.
Edited by
Christian Gazal
Production
company
Columbia Pictures[2]
Sony Pictures Animation[2]
Olive Bridge Entertainment[2]
Animal Logic[2]
2.0 Entertainment[2]
Screen Australia[2]
Screen NSW[2]
Distributed by
Sony Pictures Releasing
Release date
February 3, 2018 (2018-02-03) (The Grove)
February 9, 2018 (2018-02-09) (United States)
March 22, 2018 (2018-03-22) (Australia)
Running time
95 minutes[3]
Country
United States[4]
Australia[5]
Language
English
Budget
$50 million[6]
Box office
$274.6 million[7]
Peter Rabbit is a 2018 live-action/computer-animated comedy film directed by Will Gluck from a screenplay by Rob Lieber and Gluck, based on the stories of Peter Rabbit created by Beatrix Potter. The film stars James Corden, Domhnall Gleeson, Rose Byrne, Sam Neill, Daisy Ridley, Elizabeth Debicki, and Margot Robbie. The film was released on February 9, 2018, received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed over $274 million worldwide, making it the 8th highest-grossing film of 2018.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
2.1 Voice cast
3 Production
3.1 Filming
4 Release
4.1 Trailer criticism
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical response
5.3 "Allergy bullying" controversy
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
In England's Lake District Peter Rabbit, his cousin Benjamin, and his triplet sisters Flopsy, Mopsy and Cottontail, spend most of their days picking on Mr. Joe McGregor and stealing vegetables from his garden. They are friends with a local woman named Bea who spends her time painting pictures of the rabbits as well as the surrounding nature. Bea takes on a mother-like relationship with the rabbits due to the death of their mother and father. One day Peter accidentally leaves his jacket in McGregor's garden and goes back to retrieve it. McGregor spots and catches him, but suddenly dies of a heart attack. Enthralled, Peter invites all of the woodland critters, and then takes over McGregor's old house.
Meanwhile in London, McGregor's nephew Thomas works at Harrods department store where he waits for a promotion. He coldly accepts the news about his uncle's death, but is infuriated over not getting the promotion and is fired for losing his temper, which proves to be as short as his uncle's. When he learns that his uncle's house is valuable, he decides to refurbish it so he can sell it and start his own toy store to rival Harrods. He kicks out Peter and his friends and begins to secretly wall up the garden, despite Bea's objections. When Peter and Benjamin sneak back into the garden, Thomas catches the latter and attempts to drown Benjamin. Peter and the triplets rescue him and Thomas accidentally tosses the binoculars that Bea had given him earlier.
Thomas and Peter start a war with each other by setting up traps and other offensive nuisances. Thomas and Bea end up falling in love with each other, which causes Peter to become jealous and wanting to separate them more. Peter soon angers Bea when he unintentionally ruins her paintings during one excursion, and soon she also turns on Thomas when his violent tendencies begin to show. This all culminates when Thomas throws dynamite at Peter's burrow, and uses it to attack Peter in the garden, before telling him that his antics caused him to become aggressive. When Peter detonates the dynamite to prove to Bea that Thomas was using it, he ends up knocking down the tree on top of the burrow, which crushes Bea's art studio. Thinking that Thomas was responsible for the detonation, Bea breaks up with him, and he goes back to London to work at Harrods again.
Peter feels bad for what he has done, and upon learning that Bea intends to leave the neighborhood, he and Benjamin head to London to find Thomas at Harrods. They make up and rush back to the country where Peter reveals that he had activated the detonator, and he and Thomas apologize to Bea for their fighting. Thomas discovers that he cannot go home because a snobbish couple, whom Thomas had an ugly encounter with prior, had just bought the house. Peter and his friends use their tricks to force the couple out of the house, allowing Thomas and Bea to move back in.
In a mid-credits scene, Thomas sets up his own toy shop in the village, and Bea begins to write and illustrate books based on Peter and his friends.
Cast[edit]
Domhnall Gleeson as Thomas McGregor
Rose Byrne as Bea
Sam Neill as Mr. Joe McGregor
Marianne Jean-Baptiste as Harrods General Manager
Felix Williamson as Derek
Voice cast[edit]
James Corden as Peter Rabbit
Daisy Ridley as Cottontail Rabbit
Margot Robbie as Flopsy Rabbit and the Narrator
Elizabeth Debicki as Mopsy Rabbit
Colin Moody as Benjamin Bunny
Domhnall Gleeson as Mr. Jeremy Fisher
Sam Neill as Tommy Brock
Sia as Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle
Fayssal Bazzi as Mr. Tod
Ewen Leslie as Pigling Bland
Rose Byrne as Jemima Puddle-Duck
Christian Gazal as Felix D’eer
Rachel Ward as Josephine Rabbit
Bryan Brown as Mr. Rabbit
David Wenham as Johnny Town-Mouse
Alexandra Gluck and Taryn Gluck as London Street Rats
Will Reichelt as JW Rooster II
Jensen Karp as Rap Bird
The Singing Sparrows were voiced by Jessica Freedman, Shana Halligan, Katharine Hoye, Chris Mann, Chad Reisser, and Fletcher Sheridan
Production[edit]
The film was first revealed in April 2015 through email leaks as a result of the Sony Pictures hack.[8] The official announcement of the film came that December.[9]
On August 4, 2016, it was reported that Will Gluck would be directing the live-action/computer-animated film from a script by Gluck and Rob Lieber, with James Corden cast to voice Peter Rabbit and Rose Byrne to play one of the live-action roles.[10] The report also said Gluck would produce the film along with Zareh Nalbandian of Animal Logic, which will be providing the visual effects and animation for the film.[10]
On September 26, 2016, Daisy Ridley and Elizabeth Debicki had joined the cast, with the live action production scheduled to commence in Sydney, Australia in January 2017.[11][12][13] On October 18, Domhnall Gleeson was cast as Thomas McGregor, the descendent of the original Mr. McGregor, and on October 24, Margot Robbie joined the cast, expected to voice a bunny.[14][15] On November 7, Sia was cast to join the film as Mrs Tiggy-Winkle.[16]
Filming[edit]
On December 18, 2016, a first image of the title character, along with the movie's logo, had been revealed.[17] Production began in December 2016.[18][19] Live action scenes were filmed at Centennial Park in Sydney.[20] In March 2017, filming took place at Central railway station, Sydney which was depicted as London Paddington station.[21]
In April 2017, a film crew were seen in Ambleside and Windermere in the Lake District. A local toy shop on Compston Road, Ambleside, was adapted to be Mr McGregor's.[citation needed]
Release[edit]
Peter Rabbit was originally scheduled to be released on March 23, 2018,[9] but it was moved up to February 9, 2018.[22]
The film's theatrical release was preceded by Flopsy Turvy , a short connected to the character Flospy Rabbit.[citation needed]
Trailer criticism[edit]
The first trailer received negative feedback from critics and fans of the character, many of whom labelled the film as being too modern and insulting to Beatrix Potter's works. Collider slammed the trailer as "garbage" and a "low brow 'comedy' cringe fest."[23]
Stuart Heritage from The Guardian stated that "the Peter Rabbit film looks like the result of some blisteringly inept manhandling [...] there's something genuinely harrowing about the sight of Peter Rabbit – gentle, Edwardian Peter Rabbit – thoughtlessly injuring some birds, or grabbing a pile of lettuce leaves and making it rain like a banker in a strip club, or literally twerking" and argued "there is no way on Earth that [Beatrix Potter would] have ever given the green light to a slow motion car crash like this."[24]
Metro writer James Baldock found that the trailer was "so gut wrenchingly bad" and that "if the movie lives up to its two minute preview – [it] is set to be the greatest abomination to grace the big screen since The Emoji Movie." He finished by writing "Listen carefully, and you can just about hear the sound of Beatrix Potter, turning furiously in her grave."[25] On November 7, a new trailer for the United Kingdom was released.[26]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
As of April 8, 2018[update], Peter Rabbit has grossed $113.3 million in the United States and Canada, and $161.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $274.6 million, against a production budget of $50 million.[7]
In the United States and Canada, the film was released alongside Fifty Shades Freed and The 15:17 to Paris, and was projected to gross around $16 million from 3,725 theaters in its opening weekend, with some estimates as high as $25 million.[27] It ended up making $25 million over the weekend, finishing second at the box office behind Fifty Shades ($38.8 million).[28]
Critical response[edit]
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 62% based on 121 reviews, with an average rating of 5.8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Peter Rabbit updates Beatrix Potter's classic characters with colorfully agreeable results that should entertain younger viewers while admittedly risking the wrath of purists."[29] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 52 out of 100 based on 25 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[30] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale.[28]
"Allergy bullying" controversy[edit]
In the first week after the film's release, groups in multiple countries criticized it for "allergy bullying" and called for an apology from Sony. The accusations focused on a scene where Thomas McGregor — whose character has a known severe allergy to blackberries — is pelted with the berries until one enters his mouth, causing him to enter anaphylactic shock and grab for his Epipen.[31][32][33] In response, Sony published a statement saying "We sincerely regret not being more aware and sensitive to this issue, and we truly apologise".[34]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ filmmusicreporter (September 5, 2017). "Dominic Lewis to Score 'Peter Rabbit'". Film Music Reporter. Retrieved September 6, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Film Releases". Variety Insight. Variety Media. Archived from the original on February 5, 2018. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ "PETER RABBIT (PG)". BBFC. February 6, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Peter Rabbit (2018)". AllMovie. RhythmOne. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ CENtRAL (November 23, 2016). "Peter Rabbit film set takes shape in Sydney". The Daily Telegraph. News Corp Australia. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pressburg, Matt (July 17, 2017). "Why Sony, LStar Movie Finance Deal Fell Apart: Flops, 'Ghostbusters' and Feet on Desk (Exclusive)". TheWrap. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Peter Rabbit (2018)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved April 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ Tweedie, Steven (April 17, 2015). "Leaked Sony emails reveal 'Peter Rabbit' feature film is in the works". Business Insider. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Perry, Spencer (December 22, 2015). "Emoji Movie, Animated Spider-Man and Peter Rabbit Get Release Dates". ComingSoon.net. CraveOnline Media. Retrieved December 23, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Kit, Borys; Siegel, Tatiana (August 4, 2016). "James Corden, Rose Byrne in Talks to Star in Sony's 'Peter Rabbit'". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved August 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (September 26, 2016). "Daisy Ridley, Elizabeth Debicki Join 'Peter Rabbit' Live-Action/Animated Pic (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Penske Business Media. Retrieved September 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gaul, Lou (October 14, 2016). "'Wish' list: Bruce Willis to fill Charles Bronson's shoes". Burlington County Times. GateHouse Media. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Evry, Max (September 26, 2016). "Peter Rabbit Movie Coming from Columbia Pictures". ComingSoon.net. CraveOnline Media. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Galuppo, Mia (October 18, 2016). "Domhnall Gleeson to Play Mr McGregor in Live-Action 'Peter Rabbit'". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved October 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys; Ford, Rebecca (October 24, 2016). "Margot Robbie in Talks to Join 'Peter Rabbit' Film (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Sia [@Sia] (November 7, 2017). "The new UK trailer for #PeterRabbitMovie has arrived! Catch Sia as Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle in 2018 - Team Siapic.twitter.com/2fNIdnJwX5" (Tweet). Retrieved April 6, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Chipman, Bob (December 18, 2016). "Peter Rabbit Images Offers First Look at New Beatrix Potter Adaptation". Screen Rant. Retrieved December 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "PETER RABBIT". Movie Insider. Retrieved December 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Anderton, Ethan (December 17, 2016). "Peter Rabbit First Look Photo Shows Off The Bunny Voice by James Corden". /Film. Retrieved January 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rose Byrne, look alike body double, Domhnall Gleeson begin filming for Peter Rabbit in Centennial Park". The Daily Telegraph. News Corp Australia. January 10, 2017. Retrieved January 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Crofts, Cassie (March 8, 2017). "These new signs at Central station are freaking Sydneysiders out". Smoothfm. NOVA Entertainment. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Peter Rabbit". ComingSoon.net. CraveOnline Media. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Trumbore, Dave (September 21, 2017). "First 'Peter Rabbit' Trailer Gives Us Another Reason to Be Mad at James Corden". Collider. Complex Media. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Heritage, Stuart (September 25, 2017). "James Corden's Peter Rabbit: another kids' classic wrecked forever". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Baldock, James (September 25, 2017). "Here's the trailer for the new Peter Rabbit movie – and it's a total disaster". Metro. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Cowdrey, Katherine (November 7, 2017). "Sony launches trailer for upcoming Peter Rabbit film". The Bookseller. Bookseller Media. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 7, 2018). "'Fifty Shades Freed' Worldwide Opening Weekend Will Steam Franchise Past $1 Billion – B.O. Preview". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 11, 2018). "'Fifty Shades Freed' Builds E.L. James Trilogy To $1 Billion Climax; 'Peter Rabbit' Bounces To $25M Opening". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Peter Rabbit (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Peter Rabbit Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ Guardian staff (February 11, 2018). "Peter Rabbit film criticised for depicting allergy bullying". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ Seselja, Edwina; Dawes, Samantha (February 11, 2018). "Peter Rabbit: Calls for Sony Pictures to apologise after food allergy bullying scene in new movie". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ Ward, Victoria (February 11, 2018). "Peter Rabbit film accused of food bullying as rabbits pelt allergic man with blackberries". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Peter Rabbit film producers apologise over allergy scene". BBC News. BBC. February 12, 2018. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peter Rabbit movie set, Centennial Park.
Official website
Peter Rabbit on IMDb
[show]
v
t
e
Beatrix Potter
The Tales
The Tale of Peter Rabbit
The Tale of Squirrel Nutkin
The Tailor of Gloucester
The Tale of Benjamin Bunny
The Tale of Two Bad Mice
The Tale of Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle
The Tale of the Pie and the Patty-Pan
The Tale of Mr. Jeremy Fisher
The Story of a Fierce Bad Rabbit
The Story of Miss Moppet
The Tale of Tom Kitten
The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck
The Tale of Samuel Whiskers or The Roly-Poly Pudding
The Tale of the Flopsy Bunnies
The Tale of Ginger and Pickles
The Tale of Mrs. Tittlemouse
The Tale of Timmy Tiptoes
The Tale of Mr. Tod
The Tale of Pigling Bland
Appley Dapply's Nursery Rhymes
The Tale of Johnny Town-Mouse
Cecily Parsley's Nursery Rhymes
The Tale of Little Pig Robinson
Other books
Tom Kitten's Painting Book
Jemima Puddle-Duck's Painting Book
Peter Rabbit's Almanac for 1929
The Fairy Caravan
Sister Anne
Wag-by-Wall
The Tale of the Faithful Dove
The Sly Old Cat
The Tale of Kitty-in-Boots
Other media
The Tales of Beatrix Potter
The Tailor of Gloucester
The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends
Miss Potter
Beswick Pottery
The Game of Peter Rabbit
Peter Rabbit (television series)
Beatrix Potter's The Tales of Peter Rabbit and Friends
Peter Rabbit (film)
People
Annie Moore
Norman Warne
Hardwicke Rawnsley
Charlie McIntosh
Leslie Linder
Judy Taylor
Locations
Hill Top, Cumbria
Beatrix Potter Gallery
Near and Far Sawrey
Dalguise
Lake District
Derwentwater
St Herbert's Island
Little Town, Cumbria
Newlands Church
Newlands Valley
Hawkshead
Keswick, Cumbria
Carleton Crematorium and Cemetery
Armitt Library
Esthwaite Water
Sawrey
Near Sawrey
Melford Hall
Moss Eccles Tarn
Characters
Peter Rabbit
Mr. McGregor
Tabitha Twitchit
Publishers
Frederick Warne & Co
David McKay
The Horn Book Magazine
[show]
v
t
e
Sony Pictures Animation
Feature films
Computer-animated
Open Season (2006)
Surf's Up (2007)
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (2009)
Hotel Transylvania (2012)
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs 2 (2013)
Hotel Transylvania 2 (2015)
Smurfs: The Lost Village (2017)
The Emoji Movie (2017)
The Star (2017)
Live-action/animated
The Smurfs (2011)
The Smurfs 2 (2013)
Goosebumps (2015)
Peter Rabbit (2018)
Produced with Aardman Animations
Arthur Christmas (2011)
The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists! (2012)
Upcoming films
Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer Vacation (2018)
Goosebumps: Slappy Halloween (2018)
Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse (2018)
Direct-to-video
Open Season 2 (2008)
Open Season 3 (2010)
Open Season: Scared Silly (2015)
Surf's Up 2: WaveMania (2017)
Television series
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (2017–)
Hotel Transylvania: The Series (2017–)
Ghostbusters: Ecto Force (TBA)
Online series
Go! Cartoons (2017–18)
Short films
The ChubbChubbs! (2002)
Early Bloomer (2003)
Boog and Elliot's Midnight Bun Run (2007)
The ChubbChubbs Save Xmas (2007)
The Smurfs: A Christmas Carol (2011)
So You Want to Be a Pirate! (2012)
Goodnight Mr. Foot (2012)
The Smurfs: The Legend of Smurfy Hollow (2013)
Super Manny (2013)
Earl Scouts (2013)
Steve's First Bath (2014)
Attack of the 50-Foot Gummi Bear (2014)
Puppy! (2017)
Franchises
Open Season (2006–present)
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (2009–present)
The Smurfs (2011–present)
Hotel Transylvania (2012–present)
See also
Sony Pictures Imageworks
Cartoon Hangover
Screen Gems Cartoons
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Will Gluck
Fired Up! (2009)
Easy A (2010)
Friends with Benefits (2011)
Annie (2014)
Peter Rabbit (2018)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_Rabbit_(film)&oldid=835692645"
Categories:
2018 films
English-language films
Peter Rabbit
2018 3D films
American films
American adventure comedy films
American children's animated adventure films
American children's animated fantasy films
American fantasy adventure films
Australian films
Australian animated films
Australian animated fantasy films
Columbia Pictures animated films
Columbia Pictures films
Films featuring anthropomorphic characters
Films about animals
Films about rabbits and hares
Films directed by Will Gluck
Films scored by Dominic Lewis
Films set in London
Films shot in Sydney
Films with live action and animation
Sony Pictures Animation films
2018 computer-animated films
Hidden categories:
Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018
Articles containing potentially dated statements from April 2018
All articles containing potentially dated statements
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikiquote
Languages
العربية
Deutsch
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Русский
Simple English
Тоҷикӣ
Українська
中文
6 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 10 April 2018, at 06:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

value: li

value: ul

values:
/wiki/Mid-credits_scene
mw-redirect
Mid-credits scene

values:
/wiki/Flopsy_Rabbit
mw-redirect
Flopsy Rabbit

values:
/wiki/Benjamin_Bunny
mw-redirect
Benjamin Bunny

values:
/wiki/Mr._Jeremy_Fisher
mw-redirect
Mr. Jeremy Fisher

values:
/wiki/Tommy_Brock
mw-redirect
Tommy Brock

values:
/wiki/Mrs._Tiggy-Winkle
mw-redirect
Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle

values:
/wiki/Pigling_Bland
mw-redirect
Pigling Bland

values:
/wiki/Jemima_Puddle-Duck
mw-redirect
Jemima Puddle-Duck

values:
/wiki/Josephine_Rabbit
mw-redirect
Josephine Rabbit

values:
/wiki/Johnny_Town-Mouse
mw-redirect
Johnny Town-Mouse

values: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

values: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update

values:
/wiki/Average_rating
mw-redirect
Average rating

values: Edit section: "Allergy bullying" controversy

values:
/wiki/Anaphylactic_shock
mw-redirect
Anaphylactic shock

values:
/wiki/Variety_Insight
mw-redirect
Variety Insight

values:
/wiki/CraveOnline_Media
mw-redirect
CraveOnline Media

values:
/wiki/Penske_Business_Media
mw-redirect
Penske Business Media

values:
/wiki/Guardian_News_and_Media
mw-redirect
Guardian News and Media

values:
/wiki/Fandango_Media
mw-redirect
Fandango Media

values: commons:Category:Peter Rabbit movie set, Centennial Park

values:
nofollow
http://www.peterrabbit-movie.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt5117670/
external text

values:
/wiki/The_Tale_of_Two_Bad_Mice
mw-redirect
The Tale of Two Bad Mice

values: Tom Kitten's Painting Book (page does not exist)

values: Jemima Puddle-Duck's Painting Book (page does not exist)

values: Peter Rabbit's Almanac for 1929 (page does not exist)

values: The Tale of the Faithful Dove (page does not exist)

values: The Game of Peter Rabbit (page does not exist)

values: Beatrix Potter's The Tales of Peter Rabbit and Friends (page does not exist)

values: Annie Carter Moore (page does not exist)

values: Charles McIntosh (mycologist) (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/St_Herbert%27s_Island
mw-redirect
St Herbert's Island

values:
/wiki/Near_Sawrey
mw-redirect
Near Sawrey

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (film)

values: The Pirates! In an Adventure with Scientists!

values: Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (TV series)

values:
/wiki/GO!_Cartoons
mw-redirect
GO! Cartoons

values: Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs (franchise)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:American adventure comedy films

values: Category:American children's animated adventure films

values: Category:American children's animated fantasy films

values: Category:American fantasy adventure films

values: Category:Australian animated fantasy films

values: Category:Columbia Pictures animated films

values: Category:Films featuring anthropomorphic characters

values: Category:Films with live action and animation

values: Category:Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018

values: Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from April 2018

values: Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Peter_Rabbit_(film)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: الأرنب بيتر (فيلم) – Arabic

values: پیتر خرگوشه (فیلم) – Persian

values: פיטר ראביט – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: ピーターラビット (映画) – Japanese

values: Кролик Питер (фильм, 2018) – Russian

values: Харгӯш Питер (филм) – Tajik

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tg
display: none;

values: Кролик Петрик (мультфільм) – Ukrainian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Peter_Rabbit_film rootpage-Peter_Rabbit_film skin-vector action-view


text:
The Good Doctor (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the 2013 South Korean TV series on which this series is based, see Good Doctor (TV series).
The Good Doctor
Genre
Medical
Drama
Based on
Good Doctor
by Park Jae-bum
Developed by
David Shore
Starring
Freddie Highmore
Nicholas Gonzalez
Antonia Thomas
Chuku Modu
Beau Garrett
Irene Keng
Hill Harper
Richard Schiff
Tamlyn Tomita
Composer(s)
Dan Romer
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
7 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
David Shore
Seth Gordon
Daniel Dae Kim
Erin Gunn
David Kim
Sebastian Lee
Mike Listo
Thomas L. Moran
Producer(s)
Ron French
Freddie Highmore
Konshik Yu
Min Soo Kee
Shawn Williamson
Location(s)
Vancouver, British Columbia
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
41–43 minutes
Production company(s)
Shore Z Productions
3AD
EnterMedia
Sony Pictures Television
ABC Studios
Distributor
Sony Pictures Television
Release
Original network
ABC
Picture format
720p (HDTV)
Audio format
5.1 surround sound
Original release
September 25, 2017 (2017-09-25) – present (present)
Chronology
Related shows
Good Doctor
External links
Official website
abc.go.com/shows/the-good-doctor
The Good Doctor is an American medical-drama television series, developed by David Shore, based on the 2013 South Korean series of the same name. The show is produced by Sony Pictures Television and ABC Studios, with Shore serving as showrunner. The series began airing on ABC on September 25, 2017.
The series stars Freddie Highmore as Shaun Murphy, a young surgical resident with autism and savant syndrome at San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital. Antonia Thomas, Nicholas Gonzalez, Chuku Modu, Beau Garrett, Hill Harper, Richard Schiff, and Tamlyn Tomita also star in the show. The series received a put pilot commitment at ABC after a previous attempted series did not move forward at CBS Television Studios in 2015; The Good Doctor was ordered to series in May 2017. On October 3, 2017, ABC picked up the series for a full season of 18 episodes.
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Main
2.2 Recurring
2.3 Notable guests
3 Episodes
4 Production
4.1 Development
4.2 Casting
4.3 Filming
4.4 Music
5 Release
5.1 Broadcast
5.2 Marketing
6 Reception
6.1 Ratings
6.2 Critical response
7 References
8 External links
Premise[edit]
The series follows Shaun Murphy, a young surgeon with autism and savant syndrome from a small town, where he had a troubled childhood. He relocates to join the prestigious surgical department at San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital.[1]
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Freddie Highmore as Shaun Murphy: A surgical resident with autism and savant syndrome.[2] His savant abilities include near-photographic recall and the ability to note minute details and changes. He is portrayed in flashbacks to his teen years by Graham Verchere.[3]
Nicholas Gonzalez as Neil Melendez: Attending surgeon.[2]
Antonia Thomas as Claire Browne: A resident who forms a special connection with Shaun.[4]
Chuku Modu as Jared Kalu: A resident.[5]
Beau Garrett as Jessica Preston: A hospital board member who is a friend of Dr. Glassman and whose grandfather founded the hospital.[6]
Irene Keng as Sarah Chen: A resident.[7][8]
Hill Harper as Marcus Andrews: Chief of surgery.[7]
Richard Schiff as Aaron Glassman: President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, who has been a mentor and good friend of Shaun since he was 14.[9][10]
Tamlyn Tomita as Allegra Aoki: Chair and Vice President of the foundation that controls the hospital.[11]
Recurring[edit]
Dylan Kingwell as Steve Murphy: Shaun's younger brother (in flashbacks).[3] He also portrays Evan Gallico, a boy in the present that resembles Shaun's brother and is suffering from stage 4 Osteosarcoma.
Eric Winter as Matt Coyle: A young doctor who charms the hospital's staff, until he gets in an awkward position with one of them.[12]
Notable guests[edit]
Jasika Nicole as Carly[13]
Eve Gordon as Nurse Fryday[13]
Paige Spara as Lea, Shaun's neighbor.
Christina Chang as Dr. Audrey Lim
Marsha Thomason as Isabel Andrews: Marcus' wife.[14]
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
1
"Burnt Food" Seth Gordon David Shore September 25, 2017 (2017-09-25) 11.22[15]
On the way to begin his surgical residency at San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, Dr. Shaun Murphy witnesses an airport sign fall and shatter glass on a young boy. A doctor is first on the scene and begins applying pressure to the child's neck. Shaun tells him he's pressing on the wrong part of the neck for a child. With his unique ability to visualize the internal body, and using improvised methods and tools, Shaun is able to stabilize the boy. On the way to the hospital, Shaun notices that the boy's vitals have changed. Hospital staff have been alerted to the arrival of the boy. Shaun tries to tell them about the boys vitals."He needs an "echo". Doctors disagree and begin the surgical procedure. While operating, something goes wrong and Claire Brown, a surgical resident recalls Shaun mentioning an Echo. Thanks to Shaun's diagnosis, the boy's life is saved. Meanwhile, in a board meeting at the hospital, Dr. Aaron Glassman, president of the hospital, tries to convince the board to hire Shaun despite his autism. Flashbacks give us a picture of Shaun's childhood. We also learn what motivated him to become a doctor.
2
"Mount Rushmore" Mike Listo David Shore October 2, 2017 (2017-10-02) 10.93[16]
The doctors get a middle-aged woman with abnominal pains, which they intitially diagonise her of a Sarcoma. Dr. Neil Melendez assigns Dr. Claire Browne as his number two for the case, punishing Shaun by telling him to do "scut work"; all the work that residents hate doing. On the operating table, the doctors find out the tumor is much bigger than it looked on scans; the tumor has encased all of her arteries. After they run a biopsy, the residents find out that she is suffering from malignant Leiomyosarcoma, making surgery very difficult. Shaun comes up with the idea of cutting off one of her kidneys in order to get a good enough view to successfully remove the mass. To Claire's dismay, Dr. Kalu suggests Shaun's idea to his attending; getting the credit for the idea. Subsequently, on reviewing a young girl's blood work, Shaun suspects the patient has an intestinal volvulus.
3
"Oliver" John Dahl Bill Rotko October 9, 2017 (2017-10-09) 10.69[17]
Shaun and Claire fly to San Francisco Municipal Hospital to get a patient a liver. They can't fly on their way back due to fog and are forced to use a police escort. Problems keep coming one after the other; first, the liver's temperature went above the required maximum, forcing them to have a sudden stop at a local store, where they cool it by submerging it in slush. As they proceed with their journey, Shaun discovers that the liver has a clot. With only two hours of viability left, the duo decide to perform an operation on the way in order to remove the clot and flash the left lobe, to protect it from the ice bath. Back at San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital, Chuck, the recipient of the liver, is discovered to have alcohol in his system; a likelihood that he might be moved to the bottom of the list. Chuck later confesses that he actually took a drink on his daughter's graduation. In order to protect its reputation and the future patients, the hospital decides to move Chuck to the bottom of the list. To their dismay, Shaun and Claire arrive back, only to find out that the liver has to be taken to another patient in another hospital.
4
"Pipes" Steven DePaul Thomas L. Moran October 16, 2017 (2017-10-16) 10.60[18]
Through an ultrasound, an expectant woman's fetus is diagnosed with a tumor at its tail bone; the mom has Antiphospholipid syndrome, making surgery a high risk. Dr. Melendez suggests termination of the pregnancy but Shaun interjects by suggesting clotting pre-operatively with an infusion of unfractionated heparin, angering his attendees. During surgery, there is a complication; a blood clot at the artery in her heart. Dr. Kalu has an idea that they should stop her heart and put her on a bypass machine for the duration of the surgery; that way she won't have an heart attack, which turns out to be successful. With a patient needing a boil lanced, Dr. Melendez assigns Shaun and Dr. Browne on the case, as a punishment for the former for being late. The patient turns out to be a pornographic actress; she does not have a boil but a large Bartholin gland abscess and they prep her for surgery the following day. They successfully drain the abscess but discover that she has a Perineal myoma underneath. The fabroid tumor is wrapped around the nerve that facilitates feeling in her genitals. Therefore, the doctors have to remove the tumor but they have to sever the nerve; hence, losing all feeling in her genitals. Shaun comes up the idea of grafting the distal end of the pudendal nerve to the branch of the femoral cutaneous nerve from her inner thigh; this will lead to her losing feeling in her thigh while preserving feeling in her genitals.
5
"Point Three Percent" Larry Teng David Hoselton October 23, 2017 (2017-10-23) 10.39[19]
Shaun notices a young boy with an indubitable resemblance to his deceased brother Steve, forming a bond with him. The boy's name is actually Evan and was brought to the hospital by his parents for reportedly breaking an arm; unbeknownst to Evan, he is in fact suffering from stage 4 Osteosarcoma. Shaun later suspects that he might have been misdiagnosed with cancer but indeed was suffering from Langerhans cell histiocytosis. In order not to give both Evan and his parents false hopes, Shaun decides to lie, attempting to perform a bone marrow arspiration, but he is caught red-handed by the parents. Subsequently, Evan starts coughing out blood, sending him to the OR. While on the operating table, Dr. Neil Mendelez and Dr. Claire Browne discover that the cancer had metastasized, undoubtable proof that he is indeed suffering with terminal cancer. The other doctors are trying to find a prognosis of a 55-year old man, brought to the hospital by his estranged son, with an allergy causing him to have convulsions. Dr. Browne later finds out that the man is suffering from Echinococcus, a cyst form of tapeworms. Saddened by Evan's fate, Shaun reads Evan the final few pages of To Kill a Mockingbird, a book of Steve's that he never finished reading before he died.
6
"Not Fake" Michael Patrick Jann Simran Baidwan October 30, 2017 (2017-10-30) 10.60[20]
Shaun and the rest of the residents are working the graveyard shift when numerous casualties from a bus crash come in. Among the victims are a woman with severe, visible burns, on whom Dr. Kalau tries an experimental procedure, and a young man with a damaged leg who can either have it amputated, or have an artificial bone inserted. The relative newness of the latter procedure causes a conflict between the man's parent and his soon-to-be bride.
7
"22 Steps" David Straiton Johanna Lee November 13, 2017 (2017-11-13) TBD
8
"Apple"[21] Nestor Carbonell David Renaud November 20, 2017 (2017-11-20) TBD
9
"Intangibles"[22] TBA TBA November 27, 2017 (2017-11-27) TBD
10
"Sacrifice"[22] TBA TBA December 4, 2017 (2017-12-04) TBD
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
In May 2014, CBS Television Studios began development on an American remake of the hit South Korean medical drama Good Doctor with Daniel Dae Kim as producer. Kim explained the appeal of adapting the series as "something that can fit into a recognizable world, with a breadth of characters that can be explored in the long run".[23] The story of a pediatric surgeon with Asperger syndrome was to be set in Boston and projected to air in August 2015.[24][25] However, CBS did not pick up the project and it moved to Sony Pictures Television, with a put pilot commitment from ABC in October 2016. The series is developed by David Shore, who is executive producing alongside Kim, Sebastian Lee, and David Kim.[26] ABC officially ordered the series to pilot in January 2017.[27]
On May 11, 2017, ABC ordered the show to series as a co-production with Sony Pictures Television and ABC Studios,[28] and it was officially picked up for a full season of 18 episodes on October 3, 2017.[29]
Casting[edit]
On February 17, 2017, Antonia Thomas was cast as Dr. Claire Browne, a strong-willed and talented doctor who forms a special connection with Shaun.[4] A week later, Freddie Highmore was cast in the lead role as Dr. Shaun Murphy, a young surgeon with autism; and Nicholas Gonzalez was cast as Dr. Neil Melendez, the boss of the surgical residents at the hospital.[2] The next month, Chuku Modu was cast as resident Dr. Jared Unger;[5] Hill Harper as head of surgery Dr. Horace Andrews; Irene Keng as resident Dr. Elle McLean;[7] and Richard Schiff was cast as Dr. Ira Glassman, President of the San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital and mentor to Shaun.[9] He was shortly followed by Beau Garrett as hospital board member Jessica Preston and a friend of Dr. Glassman.[6] With the series order in May, Modu's character was revealed to have changed to Dr. Jared Kalu; Harper's character changed to Dr. Marcus Andrews; and Schiff's character changed to Dr. Aaron Glassman.[28] In September 2017, Tamlyn Tomita was promoted to the principal cast as Allegra Aoki.[11]
Filming[edit]
Production on the pilot took place from March 21 to April 6, 2017 in Vancouver, British Columbia.[30][31] Filming for the rest of the season began on July 26, 2017, and is set to conclude on March 1, 2018.[32] The Surrey, British Columbia city hall serves as the fictional San Jose St. Bonaventure Hospital in exterior shots.[33]
Although The Good Doctor is set in San Jose, California, the real San Jose is rarely seen.[34] In one of those scenes, an helicopter supposedly bound for San Francisco was clearly headed in the wrong direction.[34]
Music[edit]
Dan Romer serves as the primary composer for the series.[35]
Release[edit]
Broadcast[edit]
The Good Doctor began airing on September 25, 2017, on ABC in the United States,[36] and on CTV in Canada.[37] Sky Living acquired the broadcast rights for the United Kingdom and Ireland.[38] Seven Network airs the series in Australia.[39]
Marketing[edit]
A full length trailer was released for ABC's May 2017 Upfront presentation, which /Film's Ethan Anderton described the concept as feeling like "House meets Rain Man, that just might be enough to make it interesting". However, he questioned "how long can audiences be entranced by both the brilliance of [Highmore's] character's savant skills and the difficulties that come from his autism in the workplace."[40] Daniel Fienberg of The Hollywood Reporter felt the trailer was "both kinda progressive and really dated". He added, "Too much felt on-the-nose—especially Hill Harper as the main character's detractor and Richard Schiff as his noble defender", while also commentating that "On-the-nose/premise is how you have to trailer a show like this, and maybe spaced out over 43 minutes it won't grate."[41] Ben Travers and Steve Greene for IndieWire called it "a serious trailer for a serious subject. The first glimpse of Highmore's character hints that they're toeing the line between presenting a thoughtful depiction of his condition and using his perceptive abilities as a kind of secret weapon."[42] The trailer had been viewed over 25.4 million times after a week of its release, including over 22 million views on Facebook.[43]
The pilot was screened at ABC's PaleyFest event on September 9, 2017.[44]
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Burnt Food" September 25, 2017 2.2/9 11.22[15] 2.2 7.86 4.4 19.21[45]
2 "Mount Rushmore" October 2, 2017 2.2/9 10.93[16] 2.1 7.21 4.3 18.12[46]
3 "Oliver" October 9, 2017 2.0/7 10.69[17] 2.2 7.53 4.2 18.22[47]
4 "Pipes" October 16, 2017 2.0/8 10.60[18] 2.1 7.34 4.1 17.96[48]
5 "Point Three Percent" October 23, 2017 1.8/7 10.39[19] 2.0 7.10 3.8 17.50[49]
6 "Not Fake" October 30, 2017 1.9/7 10.60[20] TBD TBD TBD TBD
7 "22 Steps" November 13, 2017 TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
8 "Apple" November 20, 2017 TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD
The series premiere earned a 2.2/9 rating in the 18- to 49-year-old demographic, with 11.22 million total viewers, making it the most watched Monday drama debut on ABC in 21 years, since Dangerous Minds in September 1996, and the highest rated Monday drama in the 18–49 demographic in 8.5 years, since Castle in March 2009.[50] Factoring live plus seven-day ratings, the pilot was watched by a total of 19.2 million viewers and set a record for DVR viewers with 7.9 million, surpassing the record of 7.67 million set by the pilot of Designated Survivor in 2016.[51] According to TV Guide Magazine's November 13-26 issue, the October 9 episode attracted 18.2 million viewers beating out both NCIS and The Big Bang Theory for the most viewed primetime show that week. [52]
Critical response[edit]
The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 52% approval rating with an average rating of 5.6/10 based on 29 reviews. The website's consensus reads, "The Good Doctor's heavy-handed bedside manner undermines a solid lead performance, but under all the emotionally manipulative gimmickry, there's still plenty of room to improve."[53] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 53 out of 100 based on 15 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[54]
Giving his first impression of the series' pilot for TVLine, Matt Webb Mitovich stated, "The Good Doctor boasts great DNA... [and] has the potential to be a refreshingly thought-provoking hospital drama, based on the buttons pushed in the pilot alone." He enjoyed the "warm dynamic" of Schiff and Highmore, while describing Thomas' character as "our emotional 'in' to Shaun's distinct, distant world". He noted that "it takes a while to build up momentum," but concluded that "the very final scene packs quite a punch, as Dr. Murphy unwittingly puts a colleague on notice."[55]
The New York Times television critic, James Poniewozik notes in his Critic's Notebook column, that for the most part the drama is a "hospital melodrama with whiz-bang medical science, a dash of intra-staff romance and shameless sentimentality." Discussing the main characters of Dr. Aaron Glassman (Richard Schiff) and Dr. Shaun Murphy (Freddie Highmore), however, Poniewozik writes that "Mr. Schiff is convincing in the role and Mr. Highmore is striking in his." [56]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (May 11, 2017). "Good Doctor Medical Drama Starring Bates Motel's Freddie Highmore Ordered to Series at ABC". TV Line. Archived from the original on May 12, 2017. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Andreeva, Nellie (February 24, 2017). "'The Good Doctor': Freddie Highmore & 'HTGAWM's Nicholas Gonzalez Cast". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on March 1, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b The Good Doctor [@GoodDoctorABC] (August 17, 2017). "#TheGoodDoctor cast at their first table read! #TBT" (Tweet). Retrieved August 23, 2017 – via Twitter.
^ Jump up to: a b Andreeva, Nellie (February 17, 2017). "Antonia Thomas Cast In ABC Pilot 'Good Doctor'; Bojana Novakovic In CBS 'Instinct'". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on February 24, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Petski, Denise (March 3, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' ABC Pilot Casts Chuku Modu". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on March 6, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Petski, Denise (March 22, 2017). "Beau Garrett Joins 'The Good Doctor' ABC Pilot; Sawyer Barth In Fox's 'Amy's Brother'". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Petski, Denise (March 8, 2017). "'The Good Doctor': Hill Harper & Irene Keng Join ABC Drama Pilot". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on March 13, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 16, 2017). "ABC Schedule: Primetime Fall 2017-2018". Deadline.com. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Petski, Denise (March 13, 2017). "'The Good Doctor': Richard Schiff Cast In ABC Medical Drama Pilot". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on March 14, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Good Doctor: Season 1 Lead Sheet" (Press release). ABC Press. July 24, 2017. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Petski, Denise (September 22, 2017). "'The Good Doctor': Tamlyn Tomita Upped To Series Regular On ABC Drama". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on September 22, 2017. Retrieved September 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (November 9, 2017). "'The Good Doctor': Eric Winter Set To Recur On ABC Drama Series". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on November 9, 2017. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Shore, David (October 6, 2017). "Mount Rushmore". The Good Doctor. Event occurs at 42:49. ABC.
Jump up ^ Hipes, Patrick (October 18, 2017). "Marsha Thomason Scrubs In For 'The Good Doctor'; Bahram Khosraviani Joins 'The Brave'". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on October 18, 2017. Retrieved October 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (September 26, 2017). "'Big Bang' and 'Young Sheldon' adjust up, 'Good Doctor,' 'DWTS,' 'The Brave,' 'Me, Myself & I' down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved September 26, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 3, 2017). "'Big Bang Theory,' 'Voice' adjust up; 'Good Doctor,' 'DWTS,' 'Kevin Can Wait,' 'The Brave' & 'Scorpion' down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 10, 2017). "'Big Bang Theory' and 'Good Doctor' adjust up, other CBS shows and 'The Brave' down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 17, 2017). "'Big Bang,' 'Voice,' 'Lucifer,' 'Me, Myself & I' adjust up, ABC and '9JKL' down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 24, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' adjusts down, 'Big Bang Theory' and 'Voice' adjust up: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 31, 2017). "'Lucifer' adjusts up, 'Good Doctor' and 'Dancing With the Stars' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ ""Apple"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved November 6, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Shows A-Z - good doctor, the on abc". The Futon Critic. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hyo-won, Lee (May 22, 2014). "Daniel Dae Kim Wants to Bring North Korean Defector Story to Screen (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on September 7, 2014. Retrieved August 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Daniel Dae Kim to remake 'Good Doctor' for CBS". The Korea Times. August 31, 2014. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved August 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ Lee, Sun-min (September 1, 2014). "'Good Doctor' to be adapted". Korea JoongAng Daily. Archived from the original on November 17, 2014. Retrieved September 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (October 6, 2016). "ABC Lands 'The Good Doctor' Medical Drama From David Shore & Daniel Dae Kim". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 23, 2017). "ABC Orders Drama Pilots 'The Good Doctor' & 'Doomsday' From David Shore, Daniel Dae Kim & Carol Mendesohn". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Andreeva, Nellie (May 11, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' Drama Starring Freddie Highmore Picked Up To Series By ABC". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on May 17, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (October 3, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' Gets Full-Season Order From ABC After 2 Airings". Deadline.com. Retrieved October 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Takeuchi, Craig (March 20, 2017). "Filming in Vancouver: Liam Neeson, Jeremy Piven, Sandra Oh, Freddie Highmore, and more". Inside Vancouver. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 7, 2017). "Pilot Locations 2017: NY, Vancouver & Atlanta Tick Up; LA, Toronto, Chicago Slip". Deadline.com. Retrieved May 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "DGC BC Production List" (PDF). Directors Guild of Canada. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Vancouver Filming Locations Archive". What's Filming?.
^ Jump up to: a b Pizarro, Sal (November 3, 2017). "How San Jose in 'The Good Doctor' compares to the real thing". The Mercury News. Digital First Media. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Romer, Dan [@Dan_romer] (September 25, 2017). "I scored @GoodDoctorABC and it's premiering tonight at 10" (Tweet). Retrieved September 26, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (July 24, 2017). "ABC Sets Fall 2017 Premiere Dates For TGIT, 'Black-ish', 'The Good Doctor' & 'The Gospel Of Kevin', Which Gets New Title". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on July 24, 2017. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "CTV and CTV Two Fall 2017 Premiere Dates Announced ### CTV is Home of Television's Most-Anticipated Debuts of the Year" (Press release). Bell Media. August 24, 2017. Archived from the original on September 2, 2017. Retrieved September 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ "New US drama The Good Doctor coming exclusively to Sky Living in the UK and Ireland" (Press release). Sky plc. August 2017. Archived from the original on September 7, 2017. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Tadros, Patrick (October 13, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' is Giving Australia All Sorts of Feels Right Now". Yahoo7. Archived from the original on October 29, 2017. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Anderton, Ethan (May 17, 2017). "Watch Trailers for ABC's New 2017-2018 Shows: 'Roseanne' Returns, Zach Braff Forms 'Alex, Inc.' & More". /Film. Archived from the original on May 17, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Fienberg, Daniel (May 16, 2017). "ABC's New Show Trailers: A Critic's Ranking". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Travers, Ben; Greene, Steve (May 16, 2017). "'The Good Doctor,' 'The Gospel of Kevin,' 'Alex, Inc.': ABC Fall TV Trailers, Ranked and Reviewed". IndieWire. Archived from the original on June 13, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (May 25, 2017). "'Roseanne' Revival Trailer: 33 Million Views And Counting". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on June 8, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Pfeiffer, Jeff (July 18, 2017). "PaleyFest Fall TV Previews 2017 Lineup Announced". TV Insider. Archived from the original on July 20, 2017. Retrieved July 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 13, 2017). "'This Is Us' and 'The Good Doctor' score big in premiere week broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 14, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 18, 2017). "'The Orville,' 'Once Upon a Time,' 5 more shows double in week 2 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 18, 2017. Retrieved October 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 25, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' is the most-watched show on TV in week 3 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 26, 2017. Retrieved October 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 2, 2017). "'Chicago PD,' 10 more shows double in week 4 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on November 2, 2017. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 9, 2017). "'Grey's Anatomy' keeps rolling along in week 5 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on November 9, 2017. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (September 26, 2017). "'Young Sheldon' & 'Good Doctor' Debut To Strong Ratings As New TV Season Starts". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 6, 2017). "'The Good Doctor' premiere got the largest DVR bounce on record". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 7, 2017. Retrieved October 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Rudolph, Ileane (November 2017). "Off the Charts". TV Guide. November 13-26: 24–25.
Jump up ^ "The Good Doctor: Season 1 (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Good Doctor: Season 1". Metacritic. Retrieved November 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt Webb (June 2, 2017). "ABC's The Good Doctor: Our Fall TV First Impression". TVLine. Archived from the original on September 12, 2017. Retrieved September 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Poniewozik, James (2017-11-12). "On 'The Good Doctor,' the Anti-Antihero Is In". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-11-13.
External links[edit]
Official website
The Good Doctor on IMDb
[hide]
v
t
e
ABC programming (current and upcoming)
Primetime
20/20 (since 1978)
Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (since 2013)
America's Funniest Home Videos (since 1989)
American Housewife (since 2016)
The Bachelor (since 2002)
Black-ish (since 2014)
Dancing with the Stars (since 2005)
Designated Survivor (since 2016)
Fresh Off the Boat (since 2015)
The Goldbergs (since 2013)
The Good Doctor (since 2017)
The Great American Baking Show (since 2015)
The Great Christmas Light Fight (since 2013)
Grey's Anatomy (since 2005)
How to Get Away with Murder (since 2014)
Inhumans (since 2017)
Kevin (Probably) Saves the World (since 2017)
Match Game (since 2016)
The Mayor (since 2017)
The Middle (since 2009)
Modern Family (since 2009)
Once Upon a Time (since 2011)
Quantico (since 2015)
Scandal (since 2012)
Shark Tank (since 2009)
Somewhere Between (since 2017)
Speechless (since 2016)
Ten Days in the Valley (since 2017)
The Toy Box (since 2017)
Summer
The $100,000 Pyramid (since 2016)
20/20: In an Instant (since 2015)
The Bachelorette (2003–2005; since 2008)
Bachelor in Paradise (since 2014)
Bachelor in Paradise: After Paradise (since 2015)
Battle of the Network Stars (since 2017)
Boy Band (since 2017)
Celebrity Family Feud (since 2015)
The Gong Show (since 2017)
Steve Harvey's Funderdome (since 2017)
To Tell the Truth (since 2016)
What Would You Do? (since 2008)
Daytime
The Chew (since 2011)
General Hospital (since 1963)
The View (since 1997)
Late night
Jimmy Kimmel Live! (since 2003)
Nightline (since 1980)
News
20/20 (since 1978)
ABC World News Tonight (since 1953)
America This Morning (since 1982)
Good Morning America (since 1975)
Nightline (since 1980)
This Week (since 1981)
What Would You Do? (since 2008)
World News Now (since 1992)
Sports
ESPN College Football on ABC
Indianapolis 500
IndyCar Series on ABC
NBA on ABC
ESPN Saturday Night Football
WNBA on ESPN
Saturday morning
Born to Explore with Richard Wiese
Jack Hanna's Wild Countdown
Ocean Mysteries with Jeff Corwin
Sea Rescue
Upcoming
Alex, Inc. (TBA)
American Idol (2018)
The Bachelor Winter Games (2018)
Dancing with the Stars Junior (2018)
Deception (TBA)
The Crossing (TBA)
For the People (TBA)
Roseanne (2018)
Splitting Up Together (TBA)
Television in the United States portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Good_Doctor_(TV_series)&oldid=810241037"
Categories:
2010s American television series
2017 American television series debuts
American Broadcasting Company network shows
American drama television series
American medical television series
American television series based on South Korean television series
Autism in television
English-language television programs
Television series by ABC Studios
Television series by Sony Pictures Television
Television shows set in California
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from November 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Čeština
Deutsch
Español
Français
한국어
Italiano
ქართული
Polski
Português
Русский
Suomi
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 14 November 2017, at 03:11.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

attrs: href class title

values: /wiki/Medical mw-redirect Medical

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://abc.go.com/shows/the-good-doctor

values:
description
6
border-bottom:solid 3px #A8C0D8

values:
/wiki/Bartholin_gland
mw-redirect
Bartholin gland

attrs: data-sort-type class tabindex role title

values:
number
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.webcitation.org/6uDGbnZlk

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.webcitation.org/6sCcJ6FXc

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.webcitation.org/6u2gnMILP

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.webcitation.org/6tQq8dK7N

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt6470478/
external text

values: Template:ABCNetwork Shows (current and upcoming)

values: Template talk:ABCNetwork Shows (current and upcoming)

values: List of programs broadcast by American Broadcasting Company

values:
/wiki/The_View_(U.S._TV_series)
mw-redirect
The View (U.S. TV series)

values: List of late-night American network TV programs

values:
/wiki/Jack_Hanna%27s_Wild_Countdown
mw-redirect
Jack Hanna's Wild Countdown

values:
/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars_Junior
mw-redirect
Dancing with the Stars Junior

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Category:2010s American television series

values: Category:2017 American television series debuts

values: Category:American Broadcasting Company network shows

values: Category:American drama television series

values: Category:American medical television series

values: Category:American television series based on South Korean television series

values: Category:Television series by ABC Studios

values: Category:Television series by Sony Pictures Television

values: Category:Television shows set in California

values: Category:Use mdy dates from November 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/The_Good_Doctor_(TV_series)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: الطبيب الجيد (مسلسل) – Arabic

values: The Good Doctor (serie televisiva) – Italian

values: კარგი ექიმი (2017 წლის ტელესერიალი) – Georgian

values: Хороший доктор (телесериал) – Russian

values: 好醫生 (美國電視劇) – Chinese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Good_Doctor_TV_series rootpage-The_Good_Doctor_TV_series vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Iron law of oligarchy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Robert Michels, the sociologist who devised the Iron Law of Oligarchy
The iron law of oligarchy is a political theory, first developed by the German sociologist Robert Michels in his 1911 book, Political Parties.[1] It claims that rule by an elite, or oligarchy, is inevitable as an "iron law" within any democratic organization as part of the "tactical and technical necessities" of organization.[1]
Michels' theory states that all complex organizations, regardless of how democratic they are when started, eventually develop into oligarchies. Michels observed that since no sufficiently large and complex organization can function purely as a direct democracy, power within an organization will always get delegated to individuals within that group, elected or otherwise.
Using anecdotes from political parties and trade unions struggling to operate democratically to build his argument in 1911, Michels addressed the application of this law to representative democracy, and stated: "Who says organization, says oligarchy."[1] He went on to state that "Historical evolution mocks all the prophylactic measures that have been adopted for the prevention of oligarchy."[1]
According to Michels all organizations eventually come to be run by a "leadership class", who often function as paid administrators, executives, spokespersons or political strategists for the organization. Far from being "servants of the masses", Michels argues this "leadership class," rather than the organization's membership, will inevitably grow to dominate the organization's power structures. By controlling who has access to information, those in power can centralize their power successfully, often with little accountability, due to the apathy, indifference and non-participation most rank-and-file members have in relation to their organization's decision-making processes. Michels argues that democratic attempts to hold leadership positions accountable are prone to fail, since with power comes the ability to reward loyalty, the ability to control information about the organization, and the ability to control what procedures the organization follows when making decisions. All of these mechanisms can be used to strongly influence the outcome of any decisions made 'democratically' by members.[2]
Michels stated that the official goal of representative democracy of eliminating elite rule was impossible, that representative democracy is a façade legitimizing the rule of a particular elite, and that elite rule, which he refers to as oligarchy, is inevitable.[1] Later Michels migrated to Italy and joined Benito Mussolini's Fascist Party, as he believed this was the next legitimate step of modern societies. The thesis became popular once more in post-war America with the publication of Union Democracy: The Internal Politics of the International Typographical Union (1956) and during the red scare brought about by McCarthyism.
Contents
1 History
2 Reasons
3 Implications
4 Examples and exceptions
4.1 Labour Unions and Lipset's Union Democracy
4.2 University Student Unions
4.3 Wikipedia
5 Other
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
In 1911 Robert Michels argued that paradoxically the socialist parties of Europe, despite their democratic ideology and provisions for mass participation, seemed to be dominated by their leaders just like traditional conservative parties. Michels' conclusion was that the problem lay in the very nature of organizations. The more liberal and democratic modern era allowed the formation of organizations with innovative and revolutionary goals, but as such organizations become more complex, they became less and less democratic and revolutionary. Michels formulated the "Iron Law of Oligarchy": "Who says organization, says oligarchy."[3]
At the time Michels formulated his Law, he was an anarcho-syndicalist.[3] He later became an important ideologue of Benito Mussolini's fascist regime in Italy, teaching economics at the University of Perugia.[4][5]
Reasons[edit]
Michels stressed several factors that underlie the Iron Law of Oligarchy. Darcy K. Leach summarized them briefly as: "Bureaucracy happens. If bureaucracy happens, power rises. Power corrupts."[3] Any large organization, Michels pointed out, has to create a bureaucracy in order to maintain its efficiency as it becomes larger—many decisions have to be made daily that cannot be made by large numbers of disorganized people. For the organization to function effectively, centralization has to occur and power will end up in the hands of a few. Those few—the oligarchy—will use all means necessary to preserve and further increase their power.[3]
According to Michels, this process is further compounded as delegation is necessary in any large organization, as thousands—sometimes hundreds of thousands—of members cannot make decisions via participatory democracy. This has to-date been dictated by the lack of technological means for large numbers of people to meet and debate, and also by matters related to crowd psychology, as Michels argued that people feel a need to be led. Delegation, however, leads to specialization—to the development of knowledge bases, skills and resources among a leadership—which further alienates the leadership from the rank and file and entrenches the leadership in office.
Bureaucratization and specialization are the driving processes behind the Iron Law. They result in the rise of a group of professional administrators in a hierarchical organization, which in turn leads to the rationalization and routinization of authority and decision-making, a process described first and perhaps best by Max Weber, later by John Kenneth Galbraith, and to a lesser and more cynical extent by the Peter Principle.
Bureaucracy by design leads to centralization of power by the leaders. Leaders also have control over sanctions and rewards. They tend to promote those who share their opinions, which inevitably leads to self-perpetuating oligarchy. People achieve leadership positions because they have above-average political skill (see charismatic authority). As they advance in their careers, their power and prestige increases. Leaders control the information that flows down the channels of communication, censoring what they do not want the rank-and-file to know. Leaders will also dedicate significant resources to persuade the rank-and-file of the rightness of their views. This is compatible with most societies: people are taught to obey those in positions of authority. Therefore, the rank and file show little initiative, and wait for the leaders to exercise their judgment and issue directives to follow.
Implications[edit]
The "iron law of oligarchy" states that all forms of organization, regardless of how democratic they may be at the start, will eventually and inevitably develop oligarchic tendencies, thus making true democracy practically and theoretically impossible, especially in large groups and complex organizations. The relative structural fluidity in a small-scale democracy succumbs to "social viscosity" in a large-scale organization. According to the "iron law," democracy and large-scale organization are incompatible.
Examples and exceptions[edit]
An example that Michels used in his book was Germany's Social Democratic Party.[3]
The size and complexity of a group or organization is important to the Iron Law as well. During the 1970s and early 1980s, the Green Party of Germany made a conscious effort to break the Iron Law.[6] Anyone could be or could remove a party official. There were no permanent offices or officers. Even the smallest, most routine decisions could be put up for discussion and to a vote. When the party was small, these anti-oligarchic measures enjoyed some success. But as the organization grew larger and the party became more successful, the need to effectively compete in elections, raise funds, run large rallies and demonstrations and work with other political parties once elected, led the Greens to adopt more conventional structures and practices.
Labour Unions and Lipset's Union Democracy[edit]
One of the best known exceptions to the iron law of oligarchy was the now defunct International Typographical Union, described by Seymour Martin Lipset in his 1956 book, Union Democracy.[7] Lipset suggests a number of factors that existed in the ITU that are allegedly responsible for countering this tendency toward bureaucratic oligarchy. The first and perhaps most important has to do with the way the union was founded. Unlike many other unions (e.g., the CIO's United Steel Workers of America (USWA), and numerous other craft unions) which were organized from the top down, the ITU had a number of large, strong, local unions who valued their autonomy, which existed long before the international was formed. This local autonomy was strengthened by the economy of the printing industry which operated in largely local and regional markets, with little competition from other geographical areas. Large locals continued to jealously guard this autonomy against encroachments by international officers. Second, the existence of factions helped place a check on the oligarchic tendencies that existed at the national headquarters. Leaders that are unchecked tend to develop larger salaries and more sumptuous lifestyles, making them unwilling to go back to their previous jobs. But with a powerful out faction ready to expose profligacy, no leaders dared take overly generous personal remuneration. These two factors were compelling in the ITU case.
Lipset and his collaborators also cite a number of other factors which are specific to craft unions in general and the printing crafts in particular, including the homogeneity of the membership, with respect to their work and lifestyles, their identification with their craft, their more middle class lifestyle and pay. For this latter point he draws upon Aristotle who argued that a democratic polity was most likely where there was a large, stable middle class, and the extremes of wealth and poverty were not great. Finally, the authors note the irregular work hours which led shopmates to spend more of their leisure time together. These latter factors are less persuasive, since they do not apply to many industrial forms of organization, where the greatest amount of trade union democracy has developed in recent times.
University Student Unions[edit]
Titus Gregory uses Michels "iron law" to describe how the democratic centralist structure of the Canadian Federation of Students, consisting of individual student unions, encourages oligarchy.
Titus Gregory argues that University Students' union today "exhibit both oligarchical and democratic tendencies." Unlike unions they have an ideologically diverse membership, and frequently have competitive democratic elections covered by independent campus media who guard their independence. These factors are strongly democratizing influences, creating conditions similar to those described by Lipset about the ITU. However, Gregory argues student unions can also be highly undemocratic and oligarchical as a result of the transient membership of the students involved. Every year between one quarter and one half of the membership turns over, and Gregory argues this creates a situation where elected student leaders become dependent on student union staff for institutional memory and guidance. Since many students' unions extract compulsory fees from their transient membership, and many smaller colleges and/or commuter campus can extract this money with little accountability, oligarchical behaviour becomes encouraged. For example, Gregory points out how often student union election rules "operate under tyrannical rules and regulations" that are used frequently by those in power to disqualify or exclude would-be election challengers. Gregory concludes that students' unions can "resist the iron law of oligarchy" if they have "an engaged student community", an "independent student media," a "strong tradition of freedom of information," and an "unbiased elections authority" capable of administrating elections fairly.[8]
Wikipedia[edit]
Cumulative growth in Wikipedia policy (red/solid line) and non-policy (green/dashed line) pages, overlaid on active population (blue/dotted line). Policy creation precedes the arrival of the majority of users, while the creation of non-policy pages, usually in the form of essay and commentary, lags the growth in population.
Research by Bradi Heaberlin and Simon DeDeo has found that the evolution of Wikipedia's network of norms over time is consistent with the iron law of oligarchy.[9] Their quantitative analysis is based on data-mining over a decade of article and user information. It shows the emergence of an oligarchy derived from competencies in five significant "clusters": administration, article quality, collaboration, formatting, and content policy. Heaberlin and DeDeo note, "The encyclopedia’s core norms address universal principles, such as neutrality, verifiability, civility, and consensus. The ambiguity and interpretability of these abstract concepts may drive them to decouple from each other over time."
Other[edit]
The Iron Law of Oligarchy is similar to the concept in The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism, a fictional book in the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) by George Orwell. The book begins:[10]
Throughout recorded time, and probably since the end of the Neolithic Age, there have been three kinds of people in the world, the High, the Middle, and the Low. They have been subdivided in many ways, they have borne countless different names, and their relative numbers, as well as their attitude towards one another, have varied from age to age: but the essential structure of society has never altered. Even after enormous upheavals and seemingly irrevocable changes, the same pattern has always reasserted itself, just as a gyroscope will always return to equilibrium, however far it is pushed one way or the other.
See also[edit]
Celine's Second Law
Elite theory
Iron Law of Bureaucracy (Jerry Pournelle)
O'Sullivan's First Law
Plato's Five Regimes
Post-democracy
Public Choice
Sortition
The World Is Flat
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e James L. Hyland. Democratic theory: the philosophical foundations. Manchester, England, UK; New York, New York, USA: Manchester University Press ND, 1995. p. 247.
Jump up ^ Robert Michels, Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy, 1915, trans. Eden and Cedar Paul (Kitchener, Ontario: Batoche Books, 2001), 241, http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/michels/polipart.pdf.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Darcy K. Leach, The Iron Law of What Again? Conceptualizing Oligarchy Across Organizational Forms, Sociological Theory, Volume 23, Number 3, September 2005, pp. 312-337(26). IngentaConnect
Jump up ^ Nicos P. Mouzelis (1968). Organisation and bureaucracy: an analysis of modern theories. Transaction Publishers. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-202-30078-8.
Jump up ^ Gerald Friedman (2007). Reigniting the labor movement: restoring means to ends in a democratic labor movement. Psychology Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-415-77071-2.
Jump up ^ "Whatever happened to the German Greens?". Red Pepper. 2014-06-26. Retrieved 2014-07-10.
Jump up ^ "Citation Classics Commentary on Union Democracy" (PDF). (254 KB), Seymour Martin Lipset, 20/1988. Last accessed on 16 September 2006
Jump up ^ "Solidarity for their Own Good" (PDF). March 2010. p. 115. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
Jump up ^ Heaberlin, Bradi; DeDeo, Simon (2016-04-20). "The Evolution of Wikipedia's Norm Network". Future Internet. 8 (2): 14. doi:10.3390/fi8020014.
Jump up ^ Orwell, George. 1984. , Part Two, Chapter IX
References[edit]
Michels, Robert. 1915. Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy. Translated into English by Eden Paul and Cedar Paul. New York: The Free Press. From the 1911 German source.
Robert Michels und das eherne Gesetz der Oligarchie by Gustav Wagner in "Wer wählt, hat seine Stimme abgegeben" Graswurzel Revolution pp. 28
External links[edit]
Political Parties by Robert Michels in PDF
Verstehen: Max Weber's Home Page By Frank W. Elwell. 'Oligarchy' section describes the Law. Last accessed on 27 May 2006.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Iron_law_of_oligarchy&oldid=831487763"
Categories:
Political science theories
Sociological theories
Oligarchy
Elite theory
Military–industrial complex
1911 introductions
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from November 2013
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Български
Català
Dansk
Deutsch
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Italiano
עברית
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Shqip
Српски / srpski
Svenska
Türkçe
Українська
中文
12 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 20 March 2018, at 21:01 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: class style

value: b

values:
/wiki/Political_Parties_(book)
mw-redirect
Political Parties (book)

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Routinization_of_charisma
mw-redirect
Routinization of charisma

values:
/wiki/Green_Party_of_Germany
mw-redirect
Green Party of Germany

values: Edit section: Labour Unions and Lipset's Union Democracy

values:
/wiki/United_Steel_Workers_of_America
mw-redirect
United Steel Workers of America

values:
/wiki/Democratic_centralist
mw-redirect
Democratic centralist

values:
/wiki/Neolithic_Age
mw-redirect
Neolithic Age

values:
/wiki/Public_Choice
mw-redirect
Public Choice

values:
/wiki/Manchester_University
mw-redirect
Manchester University

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.mdpi.com/1999-5903/8/2/14

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.3390/fi8020014

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Use dmy dates from November 2013

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Iron_law_of_oligarchy
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Железен закон на олигархията – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: قانون آهنین الیگارشی – Persian

values: כלל הברזל של האוליגרכיה – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Железный закон олигархии – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

values: Гвоздени закон олигархије – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: Залізний закон олігархії – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Iron_law_of_oligarchy rootpage-Iron_law_of_oligarchy skin-vector action-view