text:
Bile duct
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Bile duct
Digestive system diagram showing the bile duct
ERCP image showing the biliary tree and the main pancreatic duct.
Details
Identifiers
Latin
ductus biliaris
MeSH
D001652
TA
A05.8.02.013
FMA
9706
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
1. Bile ducts: 2. Intrahepatic bile ducts, 3. Left and right hepatic ducts, 4. Common hepatic duct, 5. Cystic duct, 6. Common bile duct, 7. Ampulla of Vater, 8. Major duodenal papilla
9. Gallbladder, 10–11. Right and left lobes of liver. 12. Spleen.
13. Esophagus. 14. Stomach. 15. Pancreas: 16. Accessory pancreatic duct, 17. Pancreatic duct.
18. Small intestine: 19. Duodenum, 20. Jejunum
21–22. Right and left kidneys.
The front border of the liver has been lifted up (brown arrow).[1]
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates.
Bile, required for the digestion of food, is secreted by the liver into passages that carry bile toward the hepatic duct, which joins with the cystic duct (carrying bile to and from the gallbladder) to form the common bile duct, which opens into the intestine.
The biliary tree (see below) is the whole network of various sized ducts branching through the liver.
The path is as follows: Bile canaliculi → Canals of Hering → interlobular bile ducts → intrahepatic bile ducts → left and right hepatic ducts merge to form → common hepatic duct exits liver and joins → cystic duct (from gall bladder) forming → common bile duct → joins with pancreatic duct → forming ampulla of Vater → enters duodenum
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
1.1 Nerve supply
2 Clinical significance
2.1 Blockage
2.1.1 Jaundice
2.1.2 Drainage
2.2 Cholangiocarcinoma
3 Additional images
4 References
5 External links
Structure[edit]
The bile duct is green like the gallbladder, because of bile stains.
Nerve supply[edit]
Inflation of a balloon in the bile duct causes, through the vagus nerve, activation of the brain stem and the insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, and somatosensory cortex.[2]
Clinical significance[edit]
Blockage[edit]
Blockage of the bile duct by gallstones, scarring from injury, or cancer prevents the bile from being transported to the intestine and the active ingredient in the bile (bilirubin) instead accumulates in the blood. This condition results in jaundice, where the skin and eyes become yellow from the bilirubin in the blood. This condition also causes severe itchiness from the bilirubin deposited in the tissues. In certain types of jaundice, the urine will be noticeably darker, and the stools will be much paler than usual. This is caused by the bilirubin all going to the bloodstream and being filtered into the urine by the kidneys, instead of some being lost in the stools through the ampulla of Vater.
Jaundice[edit]
Jaundice is commonly caused by conditions such as pancreatic cancer, which causes blockage of the bile duct passing through the cancerous portion of the pancreas; cholangiocarcinoma, cancer of the bile ducts; blockage by a stone in patients with gallstones; and from scarring after injury to the bile duct during gallbladder removal.
Drainage[edit]
Biliary drainage is performed with a tube or catheter (called a biliary drain, biliary stent or biliary catheter) by a surgeon or, commonly, an interventional radiologist.[3] It can be used to relieve a blockage in the bile duct, either permanently or as a temporary solution before definite treatment such as surgery. The drain can be placed percutaneously through the liver, with the procedure then being called percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD).[4] This can additionally be performed as part of a percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, then a form of interventional radiology. A biliary drain can also be used to take bile samples for diagnostic workup or disease monitoring, as well as providing a route of administration for medical substances.
In infants with biliary atresia, hepatoportoenterostomy is an alternative method of providing bile drainage.
Cholangiocarcinoma[edit]
Main article: Cholangiocarcinoma
Cholangiocarcinoma or bile duct cancer is a form of cancer that is composed of mutated epithelial cells (or cells showing characteristics of epithelial differentiation) that originate in the bile ducts. Cholangiocarcinoma is considered to be an incurable and rapidly lethal cancer unless both the primary tumor and any metastases can be fully removed by surgery. No potentially curative treatment exists except surgery, but most people have advanced stage disease at presentation and are inoperable at the time of diagnosis.
Additional images[edit]
3D Printed biliary system.
Section across portal canal of pig. ×250.
An intraoperative cholangiogram, which is an X-Ray of the bile ducts during a laprascopic cholecystectomy.
Bile duct.Deep dissection.Anterior view.
References[edit]
This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see Anatomical terminology.
Jump up ^ editor-in-chief, Susan Standring ; section editors, Neil R. Borley; et al. (2008). Gray's anatomy : the anatomical basis of clinical practice (40th ed.). London: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 1163,1177,1185–6. ISBN 978-0-8089-2371-8. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Sai JK, Suyama M, Kubokawa Y, Matsumura Y, Inami K, Watanabe S, Kirino E. (2010). Identification of cerebral response to balloon distention of the bile duct. World J Gastroenterol. 16(14):1772-5. doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i14.1772 PMID 20380011
Jump up ^ Biliary Drain Patient information from The Ohio State University Medical Center. Retrieved May 2011
Jump up ^ Kuhn, J. P.; Busemann, A.; Lerch, M. M.; Heidecke, C. D.; Hosten, N.; Puls, R. (2010). "Percutaneous Biliary Drainage in Patients with Nondilated Intrahepatic Bile Ducts Compared with Patients with Dilated Intrahepatic Bile Ducts". American Journal of Roentgenology. 195 (4): 851–857. doi:10.2214/AJR.09.3461. PMID 20858809.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bile duct.
The Cholangiocarcinoma Foundation
The Johns Hopkins Gall Bladder & Bile Duct Cancer Web page
Bile Ducts at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
[hide]
v
t
e
Anatomy of the liver, pancreas and biliary tree
Liver
Bare area
Cantlie line
Ligamentum venosum
Porta hepatis
Round ligament
Lobes of liver
Caudate
Quadrate
Fibrous capsule of Glisson
Perisinusoidal space
Liver sinusoid
Periportal space
Portal triad
Lobules of liver
Liver segment
Microanatomy
Hepatocyte
Hepatic stellate cell
Kupffer cell
Biliary tract
Bile ducts
Intrahepatic bile ducts
Bile canaliculus
Canals of Hering
Interlobular
Left hepatic duct
Right hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct
Gallbladder
Cystic duct
Common bile duct
Ampulla of Vater
Sphincter of Oddi
Cells
Cholecystocyte
Pancreas
Gross
Tail
Body
Neck
Head (Uncinate process)
Ducts
main
accessory
Microanatomy
Pancreatic islets
Centroacinar cell
Stellate cell
Authority control
GND: 4071547-4
NDL: 01061857
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bile_duct&oldid=825171769"
Categories:
Digestive system
Hepatology
Hidden categories:
Pages with unresolved properties
CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al.
CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list
CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Íslenska
Italiano
Қазақша
Кыргызча
Nederlands
日本語
Pangasinan
Polski
Português
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
中文
17 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 11 February 2018, at 22:14.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: i

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Hepatic_ducts
mw-redirect
Hepatic ducts

values:
/wiki/Right_lobe_of_liver
mw-redirect
Right lobe of liver

values:
/wiki/Left_lobe_of_liver
mw-redirect
Left lobe of liver

values:
/wiki/Accessory_pancreatic_duct
mw-redirect
Accessory pancreatic duct

values:
/wiki/Hepatic_duct
mw-redirect
Hepatic duct

values:
/wiki/Bile_canaliculi
mw-redirect
Bile canaliculi

values:
/wiki/Gall_bladder
mw-redirect
Gall bladder

values:
/wiki/Somatosensory_cortex
mw-redirect
Somatosensory cortex

values:
/wiki/Interventional_radiologist
mw-redirect
Interventional radiologist

values: Category:CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al.

values: Category:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list

values: Category:CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20380011

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2214%2FAJR.09.3461

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20858809

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://cholangiocarcinoma.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://pathology2.jhu.edu/gbbd/
external text

values: Template talk:Accessory digestive glands

values:
/wiki/Caudate_lobe_of_liver
mw-redirect
Caudate lobe of liver

values:
/wiki/Quadrate_lobe_of_liver
mw-redirect
Quadrate lobe of liver

values:
/wiki/Fibrous_capsule_of_Glisson
mw-redirect
Fibrous capsule of Glisson

values:
/wiki/Left_hepatic_duct
mw-redirect
Left hepatic duct

values:
/wiki/Right_hepatic_duct
mw-redirect
Right hepatic duct

values:
/wiki/Tail_of_pancreas
mw-redirect
Tail of pancreas

values:
/wiki/Body_of_pancreas
mw-redirect
Body of pancreas

values:
/wiki/Neck_of_pancreas
mw-redirect
Neck of pancreas

values:
/wiki/Head_of_pancreas
mw-redirect
Head of pancreas

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapsed navbox-inner

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4071547-4

values: Category:Pages with unresolved properties

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Bile_duct
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: قناة الصفراء – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: Χολαγγείο – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values: مجرای صفراوی – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ga
display: none;

values: पित्त-वाहिनी – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: Өт өзекшелері – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values: Өт жолдору – Kyrgyz

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ky
display: none;

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galkanaal
Galkanaal – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apgo
Apgo – Pangasinan
pag
pag
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pag
display: none;

values: Жёлчные пути – Russian

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sappitie
Sappitie – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Bile_duct rootpage-Bile_duct skin-vector action-view


text:
List of glands of the human body
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This page contains a list of glands of the human body
Part of a series of lists about
Human anatomy
General[show]
List of human anatomical
features / regions
Variations
Movements
Systems
Structures[show]
Arteries
Bones
Eponymous
Foramina
Glands
Lymphatic vessels
Nerves
Organs
Systems
Veins
Muscles[show]
Abductors
Adductors
Depressors
Elevators
Extensors
Flexors
External rotators
Internal rotators
See also[show]
Table of epithelia of human organs
Anatomical terminology
Index of anatomy articles
Outline of anatomy
Cell types
v
t
e
List of exocrine glands[edit]
Name(s)
Location
Product
Structure
Apocrine sweat glands skin coiled tubular
Bauhin's glands, anterior lingual glands tongue, near tip nonserous or mixed
Brunner's glands, duodenum mucous compound tubular
Bronchopulmonary glands lungs mucous
Bulbourethral glands, Cowper's glands, Mery's glands penis, base Pre-ejaculate
Ciaccio's glands, accessory lacrimal glands eye
Cobelli's glands esophagus, just above the cardia, in the mucosa mucous
Ebner's glands tongue serous
Eccrine sweat glands skin coiled tubular
Esophageal glands esophagus mucous racemose
Exocrine pancreasm pancreas serous tubulo-acinar
Fränkel's glands vocal cords, below the edge
Gastric chief cell, Wasmann's glands stomach serous
Glomus coccygeum, coccygeal gland, Luschka's gland or gangliona coccyx, near the tip
Goblet cells digestive tract, respiratory tract mucous simple unicellular
Henle's glands eyelids, in the conjuctiva tubular
Krause's glands conjunctiva, middle portion mucous
Lieberkuhn's glands intestines, surface of mucous membrane simple tubular
Littré's glands, Morgagni's glands spongy portion of the urethra racemose
Lumbar glands abdomen, near the back
Mammary gland breast compound tubulo-acinar
Meibomian gland eyelids sebaceous
Moll's glands eyelids
Montgomery's glands mammary areola sebaceous
Naboth's glands cervix and os uteri mucous
Olfactory glands, Bowman's glands nose, olfactory region
Paneth cells small intestine serous
Gley's glands, Sandstroem's glands, parathyroid gland in the neck
Parotid gland mouth serous tubulo-alveolar
Peyer's patches (or glands) ileum, lymphatic glands
Prostate surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder
Pyloric glands stomach mucous simple branched tubular
Sebaceous gland skin sebum acinar - branched
Sublingual gland, Rivini's gland mouth mucus (primarily) tubulo-alveolar
Submandibular gland mouth mixed (M+S) tubulo-alveolar
Sudoriparous glands, Boerhaave's glands skin
Sigmund's glands epitrochlear lymph nodes of axilla
Suzanne's gland mouth, beneath the alveolo-lingual groove[1] mucous
Tiedmann's glands, Bartholin's glands, vulvovaginal glands vulva, vagina
Uterine glands uterus
Weber's glands tongue mucous tubular
Glands of Zeis eyelids, free edges sebaceous
List of endocrine glands[edit]
Name(s)
Location
Product
Structure
Functions
Adrenal A pair of glands located atop each kidney Adrenaline, Noradrenaline
Hypothalamus
Pineal Mid-cranium behind forehead
Pituitary Base of the brain
Thyroid Two-part gland on the front of the windpipe shaped like a butterfly Triiodothyronine (T3) and its prohormone, thyroxine (T4)
Thymus Under the breast bone in the upper chest
Pancreas Below the stomach Insulin
Testes Located in the pelvic area in front of the rectum of the male Testosterone
Ovaries Female glands located in the lower abdomen Estrogen, Progesterone
Skin[edit]
There are several specialized glands within the human integumentary system that are derived from apocrine or sebaceous gland precursors. There are no specialized variants of eccrine glands.
Specialized glands within the human integumentary system
Name
Precursor gland derived from[2]
Anatomic location
Ceruminous gland Apocrine Ear canal
Mammary gland Apocrine Breast
Moll's gland Apocrine Eyelid margin
Tyson's gland Sebaceous Genital skin
Meibomian gland Sebaceous Tarsal plate
Gland of Zeis Sebaceous Associated with eyelashes on eyelid margin
Montgomery gland Sebaceous Areola
Fordyce spot Sebaceous Vermillion border
References
Jump up ^ Anil Ghom, Shubhange Mhaske. "Oral pathology". p. Glossary, 837.
Jump up ^ Eccrine glands have no specialized variants.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_glands_of_the_human_body&oldid=798317308"
Categories:
Glands
Lists of human anatomical features
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from January 2017
All articles needing additional references
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Edit links
This page was last edited on 1 September 2017, at 06:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: b

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: Anatomical Male Figure Showing Heart, Lungs, and Main Arteries.jpg

values:
/wiki/Human_anatomy
mw-redirect
Human anatomy

values: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

values: List of human anatomical parts named after people

values: List of lymphatic vessels of the human body

values:
/wiki/List_of_muscles_of_the_human_body
mw-redirect
List of muscles of the human body

values: List of external rotators of the human body

values: List of internal rotators of the human body

values:
/wiki/Outline_of_anatomy
mw-redirect
Outline of anatomy

values: List of distinct cell types in the adult human body

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border:1px solid blue;background:misty-rose;

values:
/wiki/Apocrine_sweat_glands
mw-redirect
Apocrine sweat glands

values: Bronchopulmonary glands (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Bulbourethral_glands
mw-redirect
Bulbourethral glands

values:
/wiki/Lacrimal_glands
mw-redirect
Lacrimal glands

values:
/wiki/Ebner%27s_glands
mw-redirect
Ebner's glands

values:
/wiki/Eccrine_sweat_glands
mw-redirect
Eccrine sweat glands

values:
/wiki/Esophageal_glands
mw-redirect
Esophageal glands

values:
/wiki/Exocrine_pancreas
mw-redirect
Exocrine pancreas

values:
/wiki/Vocal_cords
mw-redirect
Vocal cords

values:
/wiki/Glomus_coccygeum
mw-redirect
Glomus coccygeum

values:
/wiki/Goblet_cells
mw-redirect
Goblet cells

values:
/wiki/Digestive_tract
mw-redirect
Digestive tract

values:
/wiki/Lieberkuhn%27s_gland
mw-redirect
Lieberkuhn's gland

values:
/wiki/Littr%C3%A9%27s_glands
mw-redirect
Littré's glands

values:
/wiki/Spongy_portion_of_the_urethra
mw-redirect
Spongy portion of the urethra

values:
/wiki/Lumbar_glands
mw-redirect
Lumbar glands

values:
/wiki/Glands_of_Moll
mw-redirect
Glands of Moll

values:
/wiki/Montgomery%27s_glands
mw-redirect
Montgomery's glands

values:
/wiki/Paneth_cells
mw-redirect
Paneth cells

values:
/wiki/Peyer%27s_patches
mw-redirect
Peyer's patches

values:
/wiki/Pyloric_glands
mw-redirect
Pyloric glands

values:
/wiki/Sudoriparous_glands
mw-redirect
Sudoriparous glands

values:
/wiki/Bartholin%27s_glands
mw-redirect
Bartholin's glands

values:
/wiki/Glands_of_Zeis
mw-redirect
Glands of Zeis

values:
/wiki/Apocrine_gland
mw-redirect
Apocrine gland

values:
/wiki/Tyson%27s_gland
mw-redirect
Tyson's gland

values:
/wiki/Tarsal_plate
mw-redirect
Tarsal plate

values:
/wiki/Montgomery_gland
mw-redirect
Montgomery gland

values:
/wiki/Fordyce_spot
mw-redirect
Fordyce spot

values:
/wiki/Vermillion_border
mw-redirect
Vermillion border

values:
/wiki/Eccrine_glands
mw-redirect
Eccrine glands

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Lists of human anatomical features

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from January 2017

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/List_of_glands_of_the_human_body
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: قائمة غدد الجسم – Arabic

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_glands_of_the_human_body rootpage-List_of_glands_of_the_human_body vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Subway (restaurant)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Subway IP Inc.
Trading name
Subway
Formerly
Pete's Super Submarines
(1965–1968)
Type
Private
Industry
Restaurants
Genre
Fast food
Founded
August 28, 1965; 52 years ago (1965-08-28), Bridgeport, Connecticut, U.S.
Founders
Fred DeLuca
Peter Buck
Headquarters
Milford, Connecticut, U.S.
Number of locations
43,306 restaurants in 112 countries[1]
Key people
Suzanne Greco (CEO, President)
Trevor Haynes (interim CEO)
Products
Submarine sandwiches
Pizzas (some locations)
Salads
Owner
DeLuca family
Website
subway.com
Subway restaurant in Portland, Oregon
Subway is an American privately held fast food restaurant franchise that primarily sells submarine sandwiches (subs) and salads. Subway is one of the fastest-growing franchises in the world[2] and, as of June 2017, has approximately 45,000 stores located in more than 100 countries. More than half of the stores are located in the United States.[1][3][4] It is the largest single-brand restaurant chain and the largest restaurant operator in the world.[5][6][7][8]
As of 2017[update], the Subway Group of companies is organized as follows. Subway IP Inc. is the owner of the intellectual property for the restaurant system. Franchise World Headquarters, LLC leads franchising operations. FWH Technologies, LLC owns and licenses Subway's point of sale software. Franchisors include Doctor's Associates Inc. in the U.S.; Subway International B.V.; Subway Franchise Systems of Canada, Ltd.; etc. Advertising affiliates include Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, Ltd.; Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, B.V.; Subway Franchisee Canadian Advertising Trust; etc.[9][10]
Subway's international headquarters are in Milford, Connecticut, with five regional centers supporting the company's international operations. The regional offices for European franchises are located in Amsterdam (Netherlands); the Australian and New Zealand locations are supported from Brisbane (Australia); the Asian locations are supported from offices in Beirut (Lebanon) and Singapore; and the Latin American support center is in Miami.[11]
Contents
1 History
2 Locations
3 Products
3.1 Regional variations
3.2 Nutritional content
4 Marketing
4.1 Jared Fogle
4.2 $5 footlongs
4.3 Italian Hero
5 Animal welfare
6 Controversies
6.1 Hepatitis A contamination
6.2 Sandwich size
6.3 Franchise relations
6.4 United Kingdom VAT treatment
6.5 Casey's trademark case against Subway
6.6 Ingredients
6.7 Soy protein in chicken products
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
Subway logo used from 1968 to 2002
Subway logo used from 2002 to 2016 (still used in its locations)
In 1965, Fred DeLuca borrowed $1,000 from friend Peter Buck to start "Pete's Super Submarines" in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and in the following year, they formed Doctor's Associates Inc. to oversee operations of the restaurants as the franchise expanded.[12][13] The holding company derives its name from DeLuca's goal to earn enough from the business to pay tuition for medical school, as well as Buck's having a doctorate in physics.[14] Doctor's Associates is not affiliated with, nor endorsed by, any medical organization.[15] In 1968, the sandwich shop was renamed "Subway".[12]
Subway restaurant in Pittsfield Township, Michigan (2011)
The first Subway on the West Coast was opened in Fresno, California, in 1978.[16] The first Subway outside of North America opened in Bahrain in December 1984.[17] The first Subway in the United Kingdom was opened in Brighton in 1996.[18] In 2004, Subway began opening stores in Walmart supercenters and surpassed the number of McDonald's locations inside U.S. Walmart stores in 2007.[19]
Since 2007, Subway has consistently ranked in Entrepreneur magazine's Top 500 Franchises list. In 2015, it ranked #3 on the "Top Global Franchises" list and #1 as the "Fastest Growing Franchise".[20][21] At the end of 2010, Subway became the largest fast food chain worldwide, with 33,749 restaurants – 1,012 more than McDonald's.[22]
In January 2015, Suzanne Greco took over the running of Subway from her brother Fred DeLuca, who had been CEO, but had been ill with leukemia for two years (he died in September 2015), and became president and CEO.[23][24]
In 2016, Subway closed hundreds of restaurants in the U.S., experiencing a net loss in locations for the first time. However, with 26,744 locations, it remained the most ubiquitous restaurant chain in the U.S. (with McDonald's in the #2 spot).[25]
Interior of a Subway franchise in Huntington, Virginia designed in the new style.
Also in 2016, Subway announced a new logo for the franchise, to be implemented in 2017.[26] On July 17, 2017, Subway unveiled redesigned restaurants, dubbed "Fresh Forward." Features include self-order kiosks; USB charging ports at tables; and new menu items, including additional condiments, and bread made without gluten. The company is piloting the changes at 12 locations across the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, with many features expected to be implemented into stores worldwide by the end of 2017.[27]
In 2017, the chain closed more than 800 of its U.S. locations. In April 2018, the chain announced it would close about 500 more that year. According Abha Bhattarai of The Washington Post, this is a result of three consecutive years of falling profits, and foot traffic in Subway stores reduced by 25 percent since 2012. Franchisees also complained that the company's deep promotions further ate away at profits. Industry analysts like Bob Phibbs, chief executive of the New York-based consulting firm Retail Doctor, say changing tastes on the part of consumers, who more frequently prefer locally sourced produce and hormone-free meat served by regional start-ups like Sweetgreen, especially in metropolitan areas, are the cause of the drop in Subway's sales, as well as loss of market share to competitors. These include fast-casual eateries and sandwich shops like Panera Bread, Au Bon Pain and Firehouse Subs, as well as food trucks, and grocery stores that offer freshly made meals at competitive prices. In January 2018, Subway invested $25 million in a re-branding campaign targeted at young consumers in order to revitalize its image and boost sales.[13]
Locations[edit]
Countries with Subway Restaurants
Countries with plans for Subway Restaurants
Countries that formerly had Subway Restaurants
As of June 2017, Subway has approximately 44,000 stores worldwide, all independently owned.[13] located in 112 countries. These locations are largely concentrated in North America, with about 26,400 in the United States (plus about 3,300 in Canada and 1,000 in Mexico),[28] which is almost as many U.S. locations as McDonald’s and Starbucks combined.[13] Outside North America, the countries with the most locations are Australia (approximately 1,400), Brazil (approximately 2,200) and the United Kingdom (approximately 2,300).[28]
Products[edit]
A Subway Club 6" sandwich
Subway's core product is the submarine sandwich (or "sub"). In addition to these, the chain also sells wraps, salad, paninis, and baked goods (including cookies, doughnuts, and muffins).
Subway's best-selling sandwich,[29] the B.M.T., contains pepperoni, salami, and ham. The name originally stood for Brooklyn Manhattan Transit, but now stands for "Biggest, Meatiest, Tastiest".[30]
Subway also sells breakfast sandwiches, English muffins, and flatbread. In 2006, "personal pizzas" debuted in some US markets. These are made to order (like the subs) and heated for 85 seconds. Breakfast and pizza items are only available in some stores. In November 2009, Subway signed a deal to serve exclusively Seattle's Best Coffee coffee as part of its breakfast menu in the US.[31]
A 2009 Zagat survey named Subway the best provider of "Healthy Options" (in the "Mega Chain" category). Subway was also first in "Top Service" and "Most Popular" rankings. It placed second in "Top Overall", behind Wendy's.[32]
On April 18, 2017, Subway announced the addition of paninis to its menu. Chipotle Steak & Cheese, Triple Cheese, Chicken Cordon Bleu, and Italian B.M.T. Melt were the four variations announced.[33]
Regional variations[edit]
Subway's menu varies between countries, most significantly where there are religious requirements relating to the meats served.
In 2006, the first kosher Subway restaurant in the United States opened, in a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio in the Mandel JCC of Cleveland. Former Subway spokesman Jared Fogle attended the opening. A press release stated, "With slight modifications, such as no pork-based products, and the use of soy-based cheese product, the menu is virtually identical to that of any other Subway restaurant."[34] Other openings soon followed, briefly making Subway one of the largest U.S. kosher restaurant chains.[35] At their peak, twelve kosher Subway locations were open in the U.S, including Kansas City and 5 in New York. As of 2011, only five remain, in Cleveland, Miami, Los Angeles and two stores in Maryland.[36] Franchisees who failed noted a lack of support from the parent location in advertising, higher costs of kosher food and supervision, the inability to remain open on Saturdays, and that customers who do not keep kosher prefer the original menu and prices.[36]
Subway opened its first restaurant in India in 2001 in New Delhi. Subway restaurants in India do not serve beef and pork products in deference to Hindu and Muslim beliefs respectively and sell an extended vegetarian range due to the large number of vegetarians in the country. There are 591 Subway restaurants in 68 cities of India as of January 2017.[37] On September 4, 2012, Subway opened its first all-vegetarian outlet on the campus of Lovely Professional University (LPU) in Jalandhar, Punjab.[38] On March 6, 2013, Subway opened its second all-vegetarian outlet also offering Jain food in Paldi, Ahmedabad.[39]
Nutritional content[edit]
In 2011, Subway introduced gluten-free bread and brownies to some locations in Texas.[40] It also cut the salt content of its sandwiches by 15 percent.[41]
In the United Kingdom and Ireland, Subway has reduced salt content across its entire range by 33% and has committed to further reductions, in line with government targets.[42] Subway's range of "Low Fat" subs is endorsed by the charity Heart Research UK.[43]
Marketing[edit]
Subway in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in 2009
Subway is the second-biggest fast food advertiser in the United States, behind only McDonald's. It spent US$516,000,000 on measurable advertising in 2011.[44]
Subway used the advertising slogan "Eat Fresh", and focused on how its sandwiches were made from freshly baked bread and fresh ingredients, in front of customers to their exact specifications, by employees which Subway called "Subway Sandwich Artists".
In 2005, Subway scrapped its "Sub Club" stamp promotion, citing a growing number of counterfeit stamps due to online auction sites and the increasing availability of high-quality printers.[45][46]
In November 2007, Subway's US commercials featured the cartoon character Peter Griffin (from FOX's Family Guy) promoting its new Subway Feast sandwich.[47] Subway has also used "instant win" games, based on the game Scrabble.
Subway ran a product placement campaign in the US TV series Chuck since its first season. As ratings dwindled in the second season, a campaign to "save Chuck" was launched for fans, encouraging them to purchase a footlong sub from Subway on April 27, 2009, the date of the season finale. Tony Pace, Subway's marketing officer, called it the best product placement the restaurant chain has done "in several years."[48]
To celebrate National Sandwich Day on November 3, 2015, Subway offered a Buy One sandwich, Give One sandwich free promotion.[49]
Subway has sponsored a number of sports events, particularly NASCAR races, including the Subway 400 (2002–2004), Subway 500 (2003–2007), Subway Fresh 500 (2005–2013) and the Subway Firecracker 250 (2009–2016). Subway sponsored the Subway Super Series ice hockey tournament from 2009–2014.
Jared Fogle[edit]
Jared Fogle in 2007
Jared Fogle was a national spokesman for the company in the US starting in January 2000, giving talks on healthy living and appearing in advertisements. Fogle first came to attention in his native Indiana by claiming that he lost over 200 pounds in part by eating at Subway. From 2008, he was featured less often as the company marketed with more emphasis on its "5 dollar footlong" campaign.[50] Subway attributed between one-third and one-half of its growth from 1998 to 2011 to Fogle, the equivalent of a tripling in size.[51] Subway cut ties with Fogle on August 18, 2015, amid expectations that he would plead guilty to child pornography and child molestation charges,[52] which were confirmed the following day.[53] In November 2015, he was sentenced to more than 15 years in federal prison.[54]
In December 2015, following the removal of Fogle from its marketing, Subway introduced a new marketing campaign, "Founded on Fresh". The campaign focuses on Subway's establishment and early history, and features Fred DeLuca, as played by his son, Jonathon. The new campaign downplays the use of jingles and celebrity endorsements (besides "targeted" sports marketing), in favor of focusing upon the qualities of its products, and specific products. Chief advertising officer Chris Carroll explained that the focus on fat, calories, and weight loss were "what fresh used to be", and that the new campaign would focus more on the sourcing of Subway's ingredients, such as its phase-out of antibiotic-treated meat. Carroll also explained that the new strategy was being developed prior to the controversy involving Fogle.[55]
$5 footlongs[edit]
Further information: Subway $5 footlong promotion
In 2008, Subway began to offer all foot-long submarine sandwiches (excluding premium and double-meat varieties) for five dollars, in the continental United States and Canada, as a "limited time only" promotion. "Five Dollar Footlongs" quickly became the company's most successful promotion ever.[56] Upon the initial promotion's completion, customer response prompted Subway to create a permanent "$5 Footlong Everyday Value Menu" that offered some footlong sandwiches for $5. As of 2011, there has been a monthly rotating $5 footlong.[57]
In October 2011, a similar promotion was launched in the United Kingdom. Customers can buy one of nine subs and any drink for £3 (for a six-inch sub) or £5 (for a footlong).[58]
In 2012, San Francisco discontinued the five-dollar footlong promotion due to the higher cost of doing business in the city.[59] From June 2014 to the end of that year, some Subway locations began discontinuing the $5 dollar promotion.[60] On November 1, 2014, Subway discontinued the five-dollar footlong promotion, replacing it with the Simple $6 Menu which included a six-inch select with a drink and a choice of cookies or chips.[61][62]
On February 4, 2016, all classic footlongs were declared to be set at a new cost of $6 each.[63]
On January 1, 2018, the $5 promotion returned with a $4.99 footlong menu of five subs, at participating locations.[64][65][66]
Italian Hero[edit]
In early 2017, Subway introduced its Italian Hero, and advertised it with a campaign describing it as an authentic Italian[-American] sandwich. Two comedic spots feature stereotypical Italian-American characters on and around the stoop of a New York / New Jersey tenement building, one including a cameo by sportscaster Dick Vitale. Another ad features Food Network's Jeff Mauro, the "Sandwich King", who is Italian-American,[67] discussing the nature and role of the different Italian meats and other ingredients.[68][69][70][71][72][73]
Animal welfare[edit]
On December 28, 2015, Subway released a commitment to transition to a 100% cage-free egg supply chain by 2025.[74]
On April 28, 2017, Subway released a chicken welfare policy[75] that states that by 2024 or sooner, 100% of its U.S. chicken products will be produced in alignment with Global Animal Partnership (GAP) standards for higher welfare breeds, enhanced living environments (including lighting, litter, and enrichment), increased activity levels and optimized stocking density, and improved slaughter methods. To ensure compliance, Subway’s chicken suppliers will be third-party audited with updates communicated annually.[76]
The policy announcement followed a nationwide campaign led by high school animal activist Lia Hyman in coordination with the animal protection NGO The Humane League.[77] On April 20, 2017, Hyman and a group of activists traveled to Subway’s global headquarters in Connecticut to deliver more than 53,000 signatures from campaign supporters and held a demonstration outside the building after they were denied entry.[78]
Controversies[edit]
Hepatitis A contamination[edit]
In September 1999, at least 32 customers in Seattle contracted hepatitis A after eating food contaminated with the virus at two Subway outlets.[79] The virus, which is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with infected feces, infects the liver causing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and fever.[80] Subsequent investigations found that staff failed to adhere to thorough hand washing and the use of plastic gloves during food preparation.[81] A class-action lawsuit on behalf of 31 victims was resolved for $1.6 million.[82][83] The most seriously affected victim—a 6-year-old boy—suffered acute liver failure and required a liver transplant. He was awarded $10 million in an out-of-court settlement in 2001.[81] A previous outbreak of hepatitis A in 1996 had also involved a Subway outlet in Seattle, although no legal action had resulted.[79]
In April 2015, the Arkansas Department of Health issued a warning to the public that customers who had eaten at the Subway outlet in Morrilton, Arkansas, may have been exposed to infection after an employee tested positive for the virus.[84][85]
Sandwich size[edit]
On February 2, 2007, KNXV-TV (with the help of the Arizona Department of Weights and Measures) reported that three of Subway's "Giant Sub" sandwiches, nominally each 3-foot (91 cm) long, were actually 2 feet 8 inches (81 cm), 2 feet 8.25 inches (81.92 cm), and 2 feet 8.5 inches (82.6 cm) long. The maximum variance in length allowed in Arizona is 3% (1.08 inches (2.7 cm), for a three-foot sub). The report also showed the boxes designed to store these sandwiches were 2 feet 10.75 inches (88.27 cm) in length; shorter than the maximum allowable variance. In response to the report, Subway said it was reevaluating its advertising, training and packaging materials with regard to the specific or implied length of Giant Subs, and was advising its franchisees to only discuss with customers the approximate number of expected servings and not a specific length of measurement.[86]
In January 2013, an Australian teen, Matt Corby, complained on Facebook that Subway's "footlong" sandwich was only 11 inches (28 cm) long, rather than 1 foot (30 cm). Subway responded by saying, "With regards to the size of the bread and calling it a footlong, 'Subway Footlong' is a registered trademark as a descriptive name for the sub sold in Subway Restaurants and not intended to be a measurement of length."[87] Discovery during a subsequent class-action lawsuit revealed that most Subway sandwiches were the advertised length. A $530,000 settlement was thrown out of court in 2017 for being "utterly worthless" to consumers.[88][89]
Franchise relations[edit]
In 1995, Subway Sandwich Shops, Fred DeLuca, Peter Buck, and Doctor's Associates Inc. were held liable for breach of contract. An Illinois jury awarded more than $10 million in damages to Nicholas and Victoria Jannotta after finding lease and contract violations. The plaintiffs claimed the defendants had misrepresented the asset value of Subway Sandwich Shops (a leasing company used by Doctor's Associates for franchising purposes) while negotiating a 1985 lease agreement.[90]
The U.S. House of Representatives' small business committee studied the franchise industry from 1992 to 1998. Dean Sagar noted, "Subway is the biggest problem in franchising and emerges as one of the key examples of every abuse you can think of."[91] In 1989, the U.S. Small Business Administration refused small business loans to Subway franchise owners until Subway removed a contract clause which gave it the power to seize and purchase any franchise without cause. The Dallas Morning News reported Subway had seized American soldier Leon Batie Jr.'s Subway stores in 2006 while he was serving in Afghanistan.[92] He had been deployed to support Operation Enduring Freedom in March 2005, three years after buying his first restaurant.[92] Batie alleged Subway had violated the U.S. Servicemembers Civil Relief Act. He filed a federal lawsuit against Subway, which was dismissed. He then filed suit in state court, in Dallas County, Texas. Both parties settled on "mutually agreeable" and confidential terms in January 2010.[93]
United Kingdom VAT treatment[edit]
In October 2010, Subway franchisees in the United Kingdom lost a high court appeal, against paying standard VAT on all toasted subs, as required by HM Revenue and Customs. Thus, in the United Kingdom, a toasted sub attracts VAT, whereas a cold sub, eaten off the premises, does not. Competitors such as Quiznos & McDonald's do not pay VAT on similar food.[94][95][96]
In March 2012, Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne announced plans to close the loophole that allows Subway competitors to offer hot food without paying VAT. This legislation was expected to come into force from October 2012 onward,[97] but the government withdrew plans to charge VAT on originally hot food being allowed to cool naturally on May 28, 2012.[98] In June 2012, Subway launched the "Toast the Tax" campaign to put pressure on the government to drop VAT on toasted sandwiches, as it has done for hot savouries.[99]
Casey's trademark case against Subway[edit]
On January 31, 2011, Subway lawyer Valerie Pochron, wrote to Casey's General Stores, a chain of Iowa-based convenience stores, demanding the small chain to cease using the term "footlong" in advertisements for its 12-inch sandwiches. Subway threatened to sue. Consequently, in February 2011, Casey's General Stores Inc. filed a petition in a U.S. District Court in Des Moines, seeking a legal declaration that the word "footlong" does not violate Subway's rights.[100] Casey's further sought a declaration that the word "footlong" is a generic description of a sandwich measuring one foot.[101][102] Before serving its complaint on Subway, Casey's voluntarily dismissed its action, ending the litigation.[103]
Subway's trademark application for "footlong" has yet to be approved by the federal government. Subway has attempted to register it with the United States Patent and Trademark Office twice. It filed on November 8, 2007,[104] and June 4, 2009.[105] Yum Brands (KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell and non-Canadian A&W locations), Long John Silver's and other competitors are opposing that application.[100]
Ingredients[edit]
Subway made alterations to its bread after food blogger and activist Vani Hari gathered more than 50,000 signatures in a petition drive. Subway removed azodicarbonamide from its bread.[106] Before Vani Hari's petition, Subway had used azodicarbonamide as a bread conditioner, to whiten the dough and allow sandwich bread to bake more quickly. The ingredient is still used by other fast food restaurants.[107]
In August 2015, Vani Hari again petitioned Subway in conjunction with Natural Resources Defense Council, Friends of the Earth, the Center for Food Safety, U.S. Public Interest Research Group to commit to buying meat produced without the routine use of antibiotics and to provide a timeline for doing so.[108] In October 2015, Subway announced it would transition to chicken raised without antibiotics in 2016 and turkey within the following 2–3 years, and would also transition beef and pork raised without antibiotics by 2025.[109][110]
Soy protein in chicken products[edit]
In an investigation by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)'s consumer affairs television series Marketplace aired in February 2017, chicken from five fast food restaurants were lab-tested to determine constituents. While DNA testing found between 84.9% and 89.4% of the DNA from other restaurants' chicken products to be chicken DNA, with the remaining being unidentifiable plant DNA, on the two Subway chicken items tested, 53.6% and 42.8% of the DNA was found to be chicken, with the remainder being mostly soy. Although ingredients listings did show soy protein to be a constituent of both of the chicken products, Subway states that the proportion is less than or equal to 1%, and that the finding of about 50% soy DNA is not representative of the actual amount of soy in the product. Subway has called CBC's report "absolutely false and misleading" and demanded that it be retracted, a demand the CBC had not acceded to as of July 2017[update]. Meanwhile, however, Subway Canada stated that it was investigating with its supplier to ensure that the proportion of soy protein was as per expectations.[111][112][113][114][115]
According to Subway's website, ingredients in U.S. stores may differ from ingredients in Canadian stores. Both countries include soy protein in chicken strips, but only the U.S. version states that it is present in quantities of 2% or less. The Canadian version includes soy as an ingredient in its chicken patty, but the United States version does not.[116]
In April 2017, Subway sued the CBC, as well as the reporter and two producers, for $210 million, alleging the CBC acted "recklessly and maliciously", and that "these false statements... were published and republished, maliciously and without just cause or excuse, to a global audience, which has resulted in pecuniary loss to the plaintiffs." The CBC stood by its reports, stating that the DNA tests were done by independent and credible experts.[117] The CBC's Emma Bédard stated that Subway has not provided any alternative explanation for the DNA test results obtained by the CBC.[118]
See also[edit]
List of restaurant chains
List of submarine sandwich restaurants
Connecticut portal
Companies portal
Food portal
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Explore Our World". Subway. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ Herold, Tracy Stapp (February 6, 2015). "Top Fastest-Growing Franchises for 2015". Entrepreneur. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Tice, Carol. "Subway - pg.2". Forbes. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Number of U.S. Subway restaurants 2016". Statista. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Subway publication (2011). "Official Subway Restaurants Web Site". Subway Restaurants. Archived from the original on April 19, 2003. Retrieved March 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "World's Largest Fast Food Chains". Food & Wine. May 8, 2017. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Joe Bramhall. "McDonald's Corporation". Hoovers.com. Archived from the original on October 15, 2006. Retrieved August 23, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Yum! Financial Data - Restaurant Counts". yum.com. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ Subway IP Inc. (2017-01-03). "Privacy Notice | SUBWAY.com - United States (English)". www.subway.com. Retrieved 2017-09-24.
Jump up ^ Subway IP Inc. (2017-01-03). "Privacy Statement FWH | SUBWAY.com - United States (English)". www.subway.com. Retrieved 2017-09-24.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 27, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Subway Timeline". Doctor's Associates Inc. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Bhattarai, Abha (April 27, 2018). "'It's just not what people want anymore': Subway to close hundreds of U.S. stores". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 30, 2018. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ 2008 Honorary Degree Recipients (Bowdoin, Office of Events and Summer Programs) (archived 2008)
Jump up ^ Miller, Cash. "From Small Business To Big Business: Doctor's Associates Inc. A.K.A. Subway". Small Business Delivered. Archived from the original on 2008-10-20.
Jump up ^ "About Us - Time Line". Subway.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Subway Restaurants International Homepage". Archive.is. Archived from the original on March 19, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2013. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
Jump up ^ "FACTS AND HISTORY". subway.co.uk. Archived from the original on March 2, 2010. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kung, Michelle (September 13, 2007). "Wal-Mart Dumps McDonald's For Subway As In-Store Restaurateur". Huffington Post. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "2015 Top Global Franchises". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on 2016-01-12. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
Jump up ^ "2015 Top Fastest Growing Franchises". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on 2016-01-09. Retrieved 2018-06-09.
Jump up ^ Jargon, Julie (March 8, 2011). "Subway Runs Past McDonald's Chain". wsj.com. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Suzanne Greco - Restaurant Leadership Conference 2017". Restaurantleadership.com. April 9, 2017. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kosman, Josh (February 8, 2015). "Subway founder's sister takes over operations". New York Post. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Patton, Leslie (April 20, 2017). "Subway Shuts Hundreds of U.S. Stores". Bloomberg News. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Whitten, Sarah (August 5, 2016). "After 15 years, Subway has a brand-new logo". CNBC. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Subway Brings "Fresh Forward" With New Restaurant Design, Customer Experience". Multivu. July 17, 2017. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Explore Our World". Subway. Retrieved June 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ Dennis, Guy (April 25, 2004). "Subway sets out to torpedo McDonald's". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Official Subway Restaurants FAQs". Subway. Archived from the original on 2012-02-14. Retrieved August 25, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Subway Restaurants to Brew Seattle's Best Coffee Exclusively". News.starbucks.com. Archived from the original on November 14, 2010. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ZAGAT Survey Summary 2009 Fast-Food Restaurants Survey". QSR Magazine. Retrieved February 17, 2011. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Fresh off the Press: Paninis Have Arrived at Subway®". www.newswire.ca. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "First Kosher Subway Restaurant Opens in Cleveland". Pr.com. June 6, 2006. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ Fishkoff, Sue (August 5, 2009). "Eat fresh, eat kosher: Subway the largest U.S. kosher restaurant chain". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Spiro, Amy (September 19, 2011). "The Subway That Stops In New York". The Jewish Week. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Subway: Explore Our World".
Jump up ^ Rohan Dua (August 17, 2012). "Subway to roll out world's 1st all-veg outlet in Punjab — Times Of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Chitra Unnithan (March 6, 2013). "US food giants turn vegetarian in Gujarat — Times Of India". Times of India. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Roberson, Amanda. "Gluten-free items come to some Subway's in East Texas". KYTX CBS 19. Archived from the original on September 29, 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Subway slashes salt in sandwiches". WHEC News 10. April 19, 2011. Archived from the original on October 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Subway® Shapes Up With Health And Wellbeing Commitments". Subway. March 10, 2011. Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Subway Chain® Partners with Heart Research UK". Subway. June 11, 2009. Archived from the original on 2009-08-27. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ Meet America's 25 biggest advertisers. AdAge. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Fraud stamps out Subway sandwich promo". msnbc.com. 3 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Scraps Free-Sandwich Promotion". Fox News. 2 June 2005. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Gail Schille (November 17, 2007). "Subway in 'Family Guy' promotion". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 26, 2013. Fox's "Family Guy" has lined up its first national quick service restaurant promotion with Subway Restaurants, which will air a TV spot featuring the show's Peter Griffin
Jump up ^ "Subway: Good Night, and Good 'Chuck'". TV Week. April 27, 2009. Archived from the original on April 30, 2009. Retrieved April 27, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Subway Offers Buy One Get One Free Sandwiches on Nov. 3". Time. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ Matthew Boyle (November 10, 2009). "The Accidental Hero". Yahoo! Finance. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Murray, Rheana (June 9, 2013). "Subway commercial spokesman Jared Fogle marks 15 years of turkey subs and keeping the weight off". Daily News. New York City. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
Jump up ^ Campbell, Andy and Michael McLaughlin (August 18, 2015). "Subway Fires Jared Fogle Ahead Of Expected Child Porn Guilty Plea". The Huffington Post. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
Jump up ^ Harwell, Drew (August 19, 2015). "Ex-'Subway guy' Jared Fogle to plead guilty to child porn, underage sex". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Isidore, Chris. "Jared Fogle sentenced to more than 15 years". CNNMoney. Retrieved November 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Behind Subway's Post-Jared Strategy: No More Discount Ads, Fewer Celebs". Advertising Age. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Did Subway Put Its Foot(long) In Its Mouth?". Brandchannel.com. Archived from the original on May 22, 2010. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Boyle, Matthew (November 10, 2009). "The Accidental Hero - Yahoo! Finance". Finance.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The £3 lunch". Subway. Archived from the original on 2011-10-15. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ Eskenazi, Joe (2012-03-28). "Subway Kills Five-Dollar Footlongs in S.F. Due to "Higher Cost of Doing Business"". Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ Harvey, Katherine P. (2014-08-22). "Farewell, $5 Footlong". The San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ "Subway 2014 November Specials - New Simple $6 Menu". Brandeating.com. 2014-11-01. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ "Introducing the Simple $6 Menu! Choose from a variety of 6" subs with chips & a drink for $6!". Subway. 2014-11-05. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ "BREAKING NEWS: Starting February 4th ALL of your favorite classic footlongs are $6". Subway. 2016-02-02. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ Walansky, Aly (2017-12-18). "Subway is bringing back its $5 footlong — but not everyone is happy". Today.com. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ "What's behind curtain #4.99?". Subway. 2018-01-29. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ "5 footlongs $4.99 each". Subway. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
Jump up ^ "An Interview With Jeff Mauro, The Winner Of the Food Network's Next Food Star!". Recipe4Living.com. Retrieved May 5, 2017. Since I am Italian-American, and living around my people for the majority of my life, it has been an integral part of my culinary upbringing.
Jump up ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Commercial, 'Piled High'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Italian Hero Sandwich TV Commercial, 'The Sandwich King' Feat. Jeff Mauro". iSpot.tv. 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Spot, 'The Taste of Italy'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Commercial, 'The Legendary Italian Heroes' Ft. Dick Vitale". iSpot.tv. 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Spot, 'Authentic'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Spot, 'Frankie'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ Steele, Anne (December 28, 2015). "Subway Begins Move Toward Cage-Free Eggs". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sustainable Sourcing | SUBWAY.com - United States (English)". SUBWAY.com. January 1, 1970. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway to implement new animal welfare standards | MEAT+POULTRY". Meatpoultry.com. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bailey, Micah (April 28, 2017). "Subway commits to Chicken Welfare Policy". Wtnh.com. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ Daniel Craig (April 28, 2017). "Cheltenham student prods Subway to new chicken welfare policy". PhillyVoice. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hepatitis Outbreak Triggers Lawsuit". The Columbian. Vancouver. November 14, 1999. Retrieved June 5, 2015 – via HighBeam Research. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ Matheny, SC; Kingery, JE (December 1, 2012). "Hepatitis A". Am Fam Physician. 86 (11): 1027–34; quiz 1010–2. PMID 23198670.
^ Jump up to: a b "Seattle Subway Franchise Will Pay $10 Million to Settle Boy's Hepatitis Suit". The Seattle Times. Seattle. July 3, 2001. Retrieved June 5, 2015 – via HighBeam Research. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ "Subway Franchise Faces Claims from Over Thirty-One Hepatitis A Victims". Marler Clark. November 10, 1999. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Subway Hepatitis A Outbreak". About Hepatitis. 2015. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kloap, Danielle (April 14, 2015). "Health Department: Hepatitis A exposure possible at Subway in Morrilton". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Little Rock. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Arkansas Officials Warn About Possible Exposure to Hepatitis A at Subway". Food Safety News. Seattle. April 14, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Joe Ducey (June 26, 2007). "Sub-Standard". KNXV-TV (Phoenix, Arizona). Archived from the original on August 18, 2007. Retrieved April 8, 2008. Video
Jump up ^ Mangan, Dan (January 19, 2013). "Subway explains shortness of their 'Footlong' sandwiches: It's just the name of the sub". New York Post. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Worthless' Subway 'Footlong' sandwich settlement is thrown out: U.S." Reuters. August 25, 2017. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Subway foot-long settlement 'utterly worthless' to customers, 7th Circuit says". ABA Journal. 30 August 2017. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Robin Lee Allen (December 11, 1995). "Subway ordered to pay $10M in punitive damages to ex-landlord". Nation's Restaurant News. Archived from the original on January 6, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
Jump up ^ Richard Behar (March 16, 1998). "Why Subway Is 'The Biggest Problem In Franchising' That's the assessment of a congressional staffer who studied". Forbes Magazine. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Karen Robinson-Jacobs (June 21, 2009). "Soldier suing after being stripped of Subway restaurant franchises". The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on June 23, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
Jump up ^ Robinson-Jacobs, Karen. "Subway, soldier settle Dallas franchise dispute". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Subway wrangle over VAT could be heading to high court". The Huddersfield Daily Examiner. January 4, 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Big butties, small mindedness". Taxation. October 20, 2010. Archived from the original on October 26, 2010. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Subway VAT appeal: Subway loses". Howlader & Co. November 4, 2010. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Budget 2012: VAT move could 'hit cost of bacon rolls'". BBC News. March 21, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Government does U-turn over 'Cornish pasty tax'". BBC News. May 28, 2012.
Jump up ^ Shaw, Martin (June 24, 2012). "David Cameron of Birkby v David Cameron of Downing Street in toastie tax row - full details here - Local West Yorkshire News - News - Huddersfield Examiner". Examiner.co.uk. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Casey's sues Subway over rights to 'footlong'". USA Today. July 16, 2010. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
Jump up ^ Welte, Melanie S. (February 14, 2011). "Iowa store chain sues Subway over 'footlong'". MSNBC. Archived from the original on February 16, 2011. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Complaint, Casey's v. Subway, No. 4:11-cv-64 (S. D. Iowa)". February 11, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Motion for voluntary dismissal, Casey's v. Subway, No. 4:11-cv-64 (S. D. Iowa)". May 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "U. S. Patent and Trademark Office, footlong application #1, s/n 77324328".
Jump up ^ "U. S. Patent and Trademark Office, footlong application #2, s/n 77752328".
Jump up ^ "Our Commitment to Our Customers: Serving Quality Products Subway Introduces Azo Free Bread in the US and Canada" (PDF). subway.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ "That Chemical Subway Ditched? McDonald's, Wendy's Use it Too - NBC News". NBC News. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Subway to transition to meat raised without antibiotics". The Big Story. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Subway Joins The Fast-Food, Antibiotic-Free Meat Club". NPR.org. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "SUBWAY Restaurants Elevates Current Antibiotic-Free Policy U.S. Restaurants Will Only Serve Animal Proteins That Have Never Been Treated With Antibiotics" (PDF). Subway.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The chicken challenge: Testing your fast food - Marketplace - CBC News". cbc.ca. February 24, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Fast food chicken: Testing Subway, McDonald's, A&W, Wendy's & Tim Hortons (CBC Marketplace)". YouTube. February 24, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "What's in your chicken sandwich? DNA test shows Subway sandwiches could contain just 50% chicken - Business - CBC News". cbc.ca. February 24, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Company responses: Chicken - Marketplace - CBC News". cbc.ca. February 24, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway defends its chicken after CBC Marketplace report". cbc.ca. March 1, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway Denies That Its Chicken Is 50% Filler". Time. March 5, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway files defamation suit against CBC over chicken reports". CBC News. April 18, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subway says it plans to sue CBC for $210 million over chicken findings". Toronto Star. March 16, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Subway restaurants.
Official website
show
v
t
e
Subway
People
Peter Buck (1965–present)
Fred DeLuca (1965–2015)
Jared Fogle (2000–2015)
Promotions/sponsorship
$5 footlong promotion
Related
Dortch Enterprises
"Jared Has Aides"
Subway Israel
show
v
t
e
Food chains in Australia
Casual dining
Hog's Breath Café
La Porchetta
Nando's
Sizzler
Fast food
Bing Boy
Boost Juice
Bucking Bull
Burger Urge
Chicken Treat
Chooks Fresh & Tasty
Domino's Pizza
Eagle Boys
Fast Eddys
Grill'd
Guzman y Gomez
Hungry Jack's (Burger King)
KFC
Mad Mex Fresh Mexican Grill
McDonald's
Noodle Box
Oporto
Pancake Parlour
Pizza Capers
Pizza Haven
Pizza Showtime
Red Rooster
Salsa's Fresh Mex Grill
Spudbar
Sumo Salad
Schnitz
Uncle Tony's Kebabs
Zambrero
Baked goods
Donut King
Bakers Delight
Breadtop
Brumby's Bakeries
Krispy Kreme
Pie Face
Subway
Coffeehouses and tea rooms
The Coffee Club
Dôme
Gloria Jean's Coffees
Hudsons Coffee
Jamaica Blue
McDonald's McCafé
Michel's Patisserie
Muffin Break
Muzz Buzz
Shingle Inn
Starbucks Coffee
Vittoria Coffee
Zarraffas Coffee
Dairy
Baskin-Robbins
Ben & Jerry's
Cold Rock Ice Creamery
Mr Whippy
Wendy's Supa Sundaes
List of restaurant chains in Australia
show
v
t
e
Restaurant chains in Ireland
Coffeehouse
AMT Coffee
Butlers Chocolate Café
Caffè Nero
Caffè Ritazza
Costa Coffee
Esquires
Gloria Jean's
Insomnia Coffee Company
Starbucks
Fast food restaurants
Abrakebabra
Apache Pizza
Burger King
Domino's Pizza
Four Star Pizza
KFC
McDonald's
Supermac's
Casual dining
The Counter
Eddie Rocket's
Gourmet Burger Kitchen
Hard Rock Café
Harry Ramsden's
Leo Burdock
MAO
Milano
Nando's
Pizza Hut
T.G.I. Friday's
Wagamama
Zizzi
Sandwich shops
O'Briens
Quiznos
Subway
Upper Crust
show
v
t
e
Restaurant chains in Poland
Casual dining
Fabryka Pizzy
Pizza Hut
Chłopskie Jadło
Sfinx
Coffee shops and tea rooms
A. Blikle
Coffeeshop Company
Cukiernia Sowa
Caffè Nero
Carte d'Or
Costa Coffee
E. Wedel
Grycan
Second Cup
So! Coffee
Starbucks
Tchibo
Fast food restaurants
Blue Frog
Burger King
Conieco.
Dairy Queen
Domino’s Pizza
Dunkin’ Donuts
KFC
McDonald's
North Fish
Subway
Telepizza
show
v
t
e
Food chains in Taiwan
Coffeehouse
From USA
Starbucks
Swensen's
Cold Stone Creamery
Dairy Queen
Local
85C Bakery Cafe
Gong Cha
Ten Ren Tea
Dante
Mr. Brown
Chun Shui Tang
EasyWay
Chatime
Quickly
Fast food restaurants
From USA
Burger King
KFC
McDonald's
Pizza Hut
Domino's Pizza
Subway
Lee's Sandwiches
From Japan
Ajisen Ramen
Yoshinoya
Pepper Lunch
Sukiya
Ichiran
Local
TKK Fried Chicken
MOS Burger
KLG
Napoli Pizza
Casual dining
From USA
Chili's
Gordon Biersch
Hooters
Outback Steakhouse
Phở Hòa
Romano's Macaroni Grill
Ruth's Chris Steak House
T.G.I. Friday's
Local
Formosa Chang
Sushi Express
3375
Steak my home
noble Steak
Wowprime Steak
Tasty
Tokiya
ikki
giguo
12hotpot
chamonix
Hot 7
yakiyan
pinnada
Grazie
Tinopizza
Donut
Mister Donut
Krispy Kreme
Former chains
Boston Market
California Pizza Kitchen
Hard Rock Cafe
Planet Hollywood
Wendy's
show
v
t
e
Food chains in the United Kingdom
Casual dining
Angus Steakhouse
Ask
Beefeater Grill
Belgo
Bella Italia
Bill's
Brewers Fayre
Byron Hamburgers
Café Rouge
Carluccio's
Chiquito
Côte
Damon's
Dishoom
Ed's Easy Diner
Franco Manca
Frankie & Benny's
Giraffe
Gourmet Burger Kitchen
Harry Ramsden's
Harvester
Jimmy's Restaurants
Las Iguanas
La Tasca
Little Chef
Loch Fyne Restaurants
Nando's
OK Diner
Pizza Hut
PizzaExpress
Prezzo
Sticks'n'Sushi
Strada
Table Table
T.G.I. Friday's
Toby Carvery
Tony Roma's
Wagamama
Wahaca
Wildwood Kitchen
Zizzi
Fast food
Barburrito
Burger King
Chicken Cottage
Chipotle Mexican Grill
Dixy Chicken
Domino's Pizza
Five Guys
KFC
Leon
McDonald's
Morley's
Papa John's Pizza
Sam's Chicken
Southern Fried Chicken
Square Pie
Subway
Taco Bell
Tops Pizza
Tortilla
Wasabi
Wimpy
YO! Sushi
Baked goods
Auntie Anne's
Cinnabon
Cooplands
Dunkin' Donuts
Eat
Greggs
Krispy Kreme
Millie's Cookies
Patisserie Valerie
Poundbakery
Pret a Manger
Sayers
Spudulike
Upper Crust
The West Cornwall Pasty Company
Coffee shops and tea rooms
AMT Coffee
Betty's
Caffè Nero
Caffè Ritazza
Coffee #1
Coffee Republic
Costa Coffee
Harris + Hoole
Starbucks
Dairy
Baskin-Robbins
Ben & Jerry's
Kaspa's
Pub chains
All Bar One
Chef & Brewer
Hungry Horse
O'Neill's
Slug and Lettuce
Walkabout
Wetherspoons
Yates's
show
v
t
e
Fast food and fast casual restaurant chains in the United States
Burger chains
Chicken chains
Coffeehouse chains
Pizza chains
Wiener chains
Hamburgers
A&W
Arctic Circle
Back Yard
Big Boy
BurgerFi
Burger King
Carl's Jr.
Checkers/Rally's
Cook Out
Cheeburger Cheeburger
Dairy Queen
Fatburger
Five Guys
Freddy's
Fuddruckers
The Habit
Hardee's
Hwy 55
In-N-Out
Jack in the Box
Johnny Rockets
Krystal
McDonald's
Red Robin
Roy Rogers
Shake Shack
Smashburger
Sonic
Steak 'n Shake
Wayback
Wendy's
Whataburger
White Castle
Asian
L&L Hawaiian Barbecue
Manchu Wok
Panda Express
Pei Wei Asian Diner
P. F. Chang's China Bistro
Pick Up Stix
Baked goods
Au Bon Pain
Auntie Anne's
Bruegger's
Cheesecake Factory
Cinnabon
Corner Bakery Cafe
Duck Donuts
Dunkin' Donuts
Einstein Bros.
Great American Cookies
Honey Dew Donuts
Insomnia Cookies
Krispy Kreme
Mrs. Fields
Nestlé Toll House
Panera Bread
Pretzelmaker/Pretzel Time
Shipley Do-Nuts
Tim Hortons
T.J. Cinnamons
Wetzel's
Winchell's
Beverages
Argo Tea
Biggby Coffee
Caribou
Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf
Coffee Beanery
Dunn Bros
Gloria Jean's
Heine Brothers'
Intelligentsia Coffee & Tea
Jamba Juice
Juice It Up!
Orange Julius
Peet's
Planet Smoothie
Robeks
Seattle's Best Coffee
Smoothie King
Starbucks
Tropical Smoothie Cafe
Tully's
Frozen
desserts
Baskin-Robbins
Ben & Jerry's
Braum's
Bruster's
Carvel
Cold Stone Creamery
Culver's
Dairy Queen
Dippin' Dots
Fosters Freeze
Friendly's
Golden Spoon
Graeter's
Häagen-Dazs
Handel's
MaggieMoo's
Marble Slab
Menchie's
Oberweis
Pinkberry
Red Mango
Rita's
Sweet Frog
Tastee-Freez
TCBY
Tropical Sno
Tutti Frutti
Yogen Früz
Yogurtland
Hot dogs
Hot Dog on a Stick
Nathan's Famous
Portillo's
Wienerschnitzel
Mexican-style /
Tex-Mex
Baja Fresh
Cafe Rio
Chipotle
Del Taco
El Pollo Loco
Freebirds
Green/Red Burrito
La Salsa
Moe's
Pancheros
Qdoba
Rubio's
Taco Bell
Taco Bueno
Taco Cabana
Taco del Mar
Taco John's
Taco Mayo
Taco Time
Tijuana Flats
Wahoo's Fish Taco
Other
Fazoli's
The Halal Guys
Hooters
Noodles & Company
Sbarro
Skyline Chili
Sandwiches
Arby's
Atlanta Bread
Blimpie
Capriotti's
Charley's
Così
Cousins
D'Angelo
Daphne's
Erbert & Gerbert's
Firehouse Subs
Great Wraps
Jason's
Jerry's Subs
Jersey Mike's
Jimmy John's
Lee's Sandwiches
Lenny's Sub
McAlister's Deli
Miami Subs
Newk's Eatery
Penn Station
Port of Subs
Potbelly
Primo Hoagies
Quiznos
Rax
Sandella's
Schlotzsky's
Steak Escape
Subway
Togo's
Tubby's
Tudor's Biscuit World
Which Wich?
Seafood
Arthur Treacher's
California Fish Grill
Captain D's
H. Salt Esquire
Ivar's
Long John Silver's
Red Lobster
Skippers Seafood & Chowder House
Defunct
Bresler's
Brigham's
Burger Chef
Carrols
D'Lites
Druther's
Henry's Hamburgers
Hot 'n Now
Hot Sam Pretzels
Naugles
Red Barn
Sandy's
Teavana
White Tower
Zantigo
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
LCCN: nr2002045938
VIAF: 158742221
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Subway_(restaurant)&oldid=856486924"
Categories:
Subway (restaurant)
Companies based in Fairfield County, Connecticut
Companies based in New Haven County, Connecticut
Fast-food chains of Australia
Fast-food chains of Canada
Fast-food chains of Singapore
Fast-food chains of the United Kingdom
Fast-food chains of the United States
Fast-food franchises
Multinational food companies
Privately held companies based in Connecticut
Restaurant chains in Singapore
Restaurant chains in the United States
Restaurant franchises
Restaurants established in 1965
Restaurants in Connecticut
Submarine sandwich restaurants
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Unfit url
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from June 2018
CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter
Pages containing links to subscription-only content
Use mdy dates from July 2017
Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017
All articles containing potentially dated statements
Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2017
Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Asturianu
বাংলা
Български
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Euskara
فارسی
Føroyskt
Français
Frysk
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Bahasa Indonesia
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
Simple English
Slovenčina
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
粵語
中文
34 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 25 August 2018, at 15:44 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

value: caption

attrs: colspan class style

values: 2 logo text-align:center

attrs: scope style

attrs: class style

values:
/wiki/List_of_business_entities
mw-redirect
List of business entities

values:
/wiki/Chief_Executive_Officer
mw-redirect
Chief Executive Officer

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.subway.com

values: plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Pittsfield_Township,_Michigan
mw-redirect
Pittsfield Township, Michigan

values:
/wiki/Gluten_free_diet
mw-redirect
Gluten free diet

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #005542; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #00FFFF; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #FF5732; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values:
/wiki/Wrap_(sandwich)
mw-redirect
Wrap (sandwich)

values:
/wiki/Kosher_Subway
mw-redirect
Kosher Subway

values:
/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohio
mw-redirect
Cleveland, Ohio

values:
/wiki/Subway_Fresh_500
mw-redirect
Subway Fresh 500

values:
/wiki/Subway_Firecracker_250
mw-redirect
Subway Firecracker 250

values:
/wiki/Subway_Super_Series
mw-redirect
Subway Super Series

values:
/wiki/Child_molestation
mw-redirect
Child molestation

values: Edit section: United Kingdom VAT treatment

values: Edit section: Casey's trademark case against Subway

values: United States Patent and Trademark Office

values: Edit section: Soy protein in chicken products

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.subway.com/exploreourworld

values:
nofollow
external text
http://yum.com/investors/restcounts.asp

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.pr.com/press-release/13250

values:
/wiki/Times_of_India
mw-redirect
Times of India

values:
/wiki/Daily_News_(New_York)
mw-redirect
Daily News (New York)

values:
/wiki/The_Huffington_Post
mw-redirect
The Huffington Post

values: Category:CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23198670

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Casual_dining
mw-redirect
Casual dining

values:
/wiki/Sizzler_International
mw-redirect
Sizzler International

values:
/wiki/Pizza_Capers
mw-redirect
Pizza Capers

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values:
/wiki/Restaurant_chains_in_Ireland
mw-redirect
Restaurant chains in Ireland

values:
/wiki/Gloria_Jean%27s
mw-redirect
Gloria Jean's

values:
/wiki/Types_of_restaurant
mw-redirect
Types of restaurant

values:
/wiki/Domino%E2%80%99s_Pizza
mw-redirect
Domino’s Pizza

values:
/wiki/Dunkin%E2%80%99_Donuts
mw-redirect
Dunkin’ Donuts

values: Napoli Pizza (Taiwan) (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Gordon_Biersch_(restaurant_chain)
mw-redirect
Gordon Biersch (restaurant chain)

values: Template:Food chains in the United Kingdom

values: Template talk:Food chains in the United Kingdom

values: Category:Catering and food service companies of the United Kingdom

values:
/wiki/Types_of_restaurant#Casual_dining
mw-redirect
Types of restaurant

values: Template:Fast-food chains of the United States

values: Template talk:Fast-food chains of the United States

values:
*_Burger_chains
*_Chicken_chains
*_Coffeehouse_chains
*_Pizza_chains_
*_Wiener_chains

values:
/wiki/Charley%27s_Grilled_Subs
mw-redirect
Charley's Grilled Subs

values:
/wiki/D%27Angelo_Sandwich_Shops
mw-redirect
D'Angelo Sandwich Shops

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/158742221

values: Category:Companies based in Fairfield County, Connecticut

values: Category:Companies based in New Haven County, Connecticut

values: Category:Fast-food chains of the United Kingdom

values: Category:Fast-food chains of the United States

values: Category:Privately held companies based in Connecticut

values: Category:Restaurant chains in the United States

values: Category:Restaurants established in 1965

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2018

values: Category:Pages containing links to subscription-only content

values: Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2017

values: Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements

values: Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from July 2017

values: Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Subway_(restaurant)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: صب واي – Arabic

values:
https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Asturian
ast
ast
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values: সাবওয়ে (রেস্তোরাঁ ) – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values:
https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Bulgarian
bg
bg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: Subway (fastfoodrestaurantkæde) – Danish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Faroese
fo
fo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Subway (ռեստորանների ցանց) – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: सबवे (रेस्तरां) – Hindi

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: סאבוויי (רשת מסעדות) – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Latvian
lv
lv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arz
display: none;

values:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Subway (сеть ресторанов) – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tl
display: none;

values: ซับเวย์ (ร้านอาหาร) – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subway
Subway – Ukrainian
uk
uk
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Subway_restaurant rootpage-Subway_restaurant skin-vector action-view