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10 euro note
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Ten euro
(Eurozone and Institutions)
Value
10 Euro
Width
127 mm
Height
67 mm
Security features
First series: hologram stripe with perforations, reflective glossy stripe, EURion constellation, watermarks, raised printing, microprinting, ultraviolet ink, security thread, matted surface, see-through number, barcodes and serial number[1]
Europa series: portrait watermark, portrait hologram, emerald number[2]
Paper type
Cotton fibre[1]
Years of printing
1999 - 2012 (1st series)[3]
Since 2013 (Europa series)[3]
Obverse
Design
Arch in Romanesque architecture[4]
Designer
Robert Kalina[5][6]
Design date
13 January 2014[5][6]
Reverse
Design
Bridge in Romanesque architecture and map of Europe[4]
Designer
Robert Kalina[5][6]
Design date
13 January 2014[5][6]
The ten euro note (€10) is the second-lowest value euro banknote and has been used since the introduction of the euro (in its cash form) in 2002.[7] The note is used in the 23 countries which have it as their sole currency (with 22 legally adopting it); with a population of about 332 million.[8] In September 2011, there were approximately 2,005,149,600 ten euro banknotes in circulation around the eurozone.
It is the second-smallest note measuring 127x67 mm with a pink colour scheme.[4] The ten euro banknotes depict bridges and arches/doorways in Romanesque architecture (between the 11th and 12th centuries). The ten euro note contains several complex security features such as watermarks, invisible ink, holograms and microprinting that document its authenticity.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 The changeover period
1.2 Changes
2 Design
2.1 Security features (first series)
2.2 Security features (Europa series)
3 Circulation
4 Legal information
5 Tracking
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
Main article: History of the euro
The euro was founded on 1 January 1999, when it became the currency of over 300 million people in Europe.[3] For the first three years of its existence it was an invisible currency, only used in accountancy. Euro cash was not introduced until 1 January 2002, when it replaced the national banknotes and coins of the countries in eurozone 12, such as the Italian lira and the German mark.[3]
Slovenia joined the Eurozone in 2007,[9] Cyprus and Malta in 2008,[10] Slovakia in 2009,[11] Estonia in 2011,[12] Latvia joined on 1 January 2014.[13] and Lithuania joined on 1 January 2015.
The changeover period[edit]
The changeover period during which the former currencies' notes and coins were exchanged for those of the euro lasted about two months, going from 1 January 2002 until 28 February 2002. The official date on which the national currencies ceased to be legal tender varied from member state to member state.[3] The earliest date was in Germany, where the mark officially ceased to be legal tender on 31 December 2001, though the exchange period lasted for two months more. Even after the old currencies ceased to be legal tender, they continued to be accepted by national central banks for periods ranging from ten years to forever.[3][14]
Changes[edit]
Design for the first series of ten euro notes
Obverse
Reverse
Notes printed before November 2003 bear the signature of the first president of the European Central Bank, Wim Duisenberg, who was replaced on 1 November 2003 by Jean-Claude Trichet, whose signature appears on issues from November 2003. Notes issued after March 2012 bear the signature of the third president of the European Central Bank, incumbent Mario Draghi.[4]
A new series, similar to the current one, was released on 23 September 2014.[15] The European Central Bank will, in due time, announce when banknotes from the first series lose legal tender status.[15]
The first series issues do not reflect the expansion of the European Union: Cyprus is not depicted on those notes as the map does not extend far enough east; Malta is also missing as it does not meet the first series' minimum size for depiction.[16]
Since the European Central Bank plans to redesign the notes every seven or eight years after each issue, a second series (Europa series) of banknotes was already in preparation in 2012. New production and anti-counterfeiting techniques are employed on the new notes, but the design is of the same theme and similar colours of the current series; bridges and arches. However, they are recognisable as a new series.[17]
Design[edit]
10 euro banknote under fluorescent light (UV-A)
Obverse
Reverse
Close up of the printer code on the 10 euro note, showing micro printing, raised lettering and EURion design.
The ten euro note is the second smallest at 127 millimetres (5.0 in) × 67 millimetres (2.6 in) with a red colour scheme.[4] All bank notes depict bridges and arches/doorways in a different historical European style; the ten euro note shows the Romanesque era (between the 11th and 12th centuries).[18] Although Robert Kalina's original designs were intended to show real monuments, for political reasons the bridge and art are merely hypothetical examples of the architectural era.[19]
Like all euro notes, it contains the denomination, the EU flag, the signature of the president of the ECB and the initials of said bank in different EU languages, a depiction of EU territories overseas, the stars from the EU flag and twelve security features as listed below.[4]
Comparison of a note under infrared light (left), and a note under normal light (right).
Security features (first series)[edit]
As a lower value note, the security features of the ten euro note are not as high as the other denominations, however, it is protected by:
A hologram,[1] tilt the note and one should see the hologram image change between the value and a window or doorway, but in the background, one should see rainbow-coloured concentric circles of micro-letters moving from the centre to the edges of the patch.[20]
A EURion constellation,[1]
Special printing processes give the euro notes their unique feel.
A glossy stripe,[1] tilt the note and a glossy stripe showing the value numeral and the euro symbol will appear.
Watermarks,[1] it appears when the banknote is against the light.
Raised printing,[1] special methods of printing makes the ink feel raised or thicker in the main image, the lettering and the value numerals on the front of the banknotes. To feel the raised print, run your finger over it or scratch it gently with your fingernail.[21]
Ultraviolet ink,[1] Under ultraviolet light, the paper itself should not glow, fibres embedded in the paper should appear, and should be coloured red, blue and green, the European Union flag looks green and has orange stars, the ECB President signature turns green, the large stars and small circles on the front glow and the European map, a bridge and the value numeral on the back appear in yellow.[22]
Microprinting,[1] On numerous areas of the banknotes you can see microprinting, for example, inside the "ΕΥΡΩ" (EURO in Greek characters) on the front. You will need a magnifying glass to see it. The tiny text is sharp, and not blurred.[22]
A security thread,[1] The security thread is embedded in the banknote paper. Hold the banknote against the light - the thread will appear as a dark stripe. The word "EURO" and the value can be seen in tiny letters on the stripe.[23]
Perforations,[1] Hold the banknote against the light. You should see perforations in the hologram which will form the € symbol. You should also see small numbers showing the value.[23]
A matted surface,[1] the note paper is made out of pure cotton, which feels crisp and firm, but not limp or waxy.[21]
Barcodes,[1]
A serial number.[1]
Security features (Europa series)[edit]
Watermark: When the note is held under a normal light source, a portrait of Europa and an electrotype denomination appear on either side.
Portrait Hologram: When the note is tilted, the silver-coloured holographic stripe reveals the portrait of Europa-the same one as in the watermark. The stripe also reveals a window and the value of the banknote.
Emerald Number: When the note is tilted, the number on the note displays an effect of light that moves up and down. The number also changes color from emerald green to deep blue.
Raised Printing: On the front of the note, there is a series of short raised lines on the left and right edges. The main edge, the lettering and the large value numeral also feel thicker.
Security Thread: When the note is held against the light, the security thread appears as a dark line. The Euro symbol (€) and the value of the banknote can be seen in tiny white lettering in the thread.
Microprint: Tiny letters which can be read with a magnifying glass. The letters should be sharp, not blurred.
Ultraviolet ink: Some parts of the banknote shine when under UV or UV-C light. These are the stars in the flag, the small circles, the large stars and several other areas on the front. On the back, a quarter of a circle in the centre as well as several other areas glow green. The horizontal serial number and a stripe appear in red.
Infrared light: Under infrared light, the emerald number, the right side of the main image and the silvery stripe are visible on the obverse of the banknote, while on the reverse, only the denomination and the horizontal serial number are visible.
Circulation[edit]
The European Central Bank is closely monitoring the circulation and stock of the euro coins and banknotes. It is a task of the Eurosystem to ensure an efficient and smooth supply of euro notes and to maintain their integrity throughout the euro area.[24]
In January 2018, there were 2,359,096,495 €10 banknotes in circulation around the Eurozone.[24] for €23,590,964,950.
This is a net number, i.e. the number of banknotes issued by the Eurosystem central banks, without further distinction as to who is holding the currency issued, thus also including the stocks held by credit institutions.
Besides the date of the introduction of the first set to January 2002, the publication of figures is more significant through the maximum number of banknotes raised each year. The number is higher the end of the year, except for this note in 2002.
The figures are as follows (Nov. 3, 2017) :
Date
Banknotes
€ Value
Date
Banknotes
€ Value
January 2002 1,999,737,481 19,997,374,810 December 2008 2,029,872,213 20,298,722,130
December 2003 1,684,604,749 16,846,047,490 December 2009 2,042,277,282 20,422,772,820
December 2004 1,700,450,847 17,004,508,470 December 2010 2,039,265,727 20,392,657,270
December 2005 1,761,362,710 17,613,627,100 December 2011 2,072,931,644 20,729,316,440
December 2006 1,900,510,721 19,005,107,210 December 2012 2,170,679,774 21,706,797,740
December 2007 1,965,455,883 19,654,558,830 December 2013 2,155,551,029 21,555,510,290
On September 2014, a new 'Europe' series was issued.
The first series of notes were issued in conjunction with those for a few weeks in the series 'Europe' until existing stocks are exhausted, then gradually withdrawn from circulation. Both series thus run parallel but the proportion tends inevitably to a sharp decrease in the first series.
Date
Banknotes
€ Value
Series '1' remainder
€ Value
Proportion
December 2014 2,244,302,134 22,443,021,340 1,361,256,964 13,612,569,640 60.7 %
December 2015 2,325,766,992 23,257,669,920 605,953,384 6,059,533,840 26.1 %
December 2016 2,387,340,411 23,873,404,110 435,990,864 4,359,908,640 18.3 %
December 2017 2,504,086,915 25,040,869,150 360,166,544 3,601,665,440 14.4 %
The latest figures provided by the ECB are the following :
Date
Banknotes
€ Value
Series '1' remainder
€ Value
Proportion
March 2018 2,439,919,242 24,399,192,420 346,310,776 3,463,107,760 14.2 %
Legal information[edit]
Legally, both the European Central Bank and the central banks of the eurozone countries have the right to issue the 7 different euro banknotes. In practice, only the national central banks of the zone physically issue and withdraw euro banknotes. The European Central Bank does not have a cash office and is not involved in any cash operations.[3]
Tracking[edit]
There are several communities of people at European level, most of which is EuroBillTracker,[25] that, as a hobby, it keeps track of the euro banknotes that pass through their hands, to keep track and know where they travel or have travelled.[25] The aim is to record as many notes as possible to know details about its spread, like from where and to where they travel in general, follow it up, like where a ticket has been seen in particular, and generate statistics and rankings, for example, in which countries there are more tickets.[25] EuroBillTracker has registered over 155 million notes as of May 2016,[26] worth more than €2.897 billion.[26]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "ECB: Security Features". European Central Bank. ecb.int. 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
Jump up ^ "ECB: Security features". European Central Bank. ecb.int. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "ECB: Introduction". ECB. ECB. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "ECB: Banknotes". European Central Bank. European Central Bank. 2002. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "ECB: Banknotes design". ECB. ECB. February 1996. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d First series
Jump up ^ "Witnessing a milestone in European history". The Herald. Back Issue. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
Jump up ^
"Andorran Euro Coins". Eurocoins.co.uk. Eurocoins.co.uk. 2003. Retrieved 15 October 2011.
"By UNMIK administration direction 1999/2". Unmikonline.org. 4 October 1999. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
"By monetary agreement between France (acting for the EC) and Monaco". 31 May 2002. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
"By monetary agreement between Italy (acting for the EC) and San Marino". 27 July 2001. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
"By monetary agreement between Italy (acting for the EC) and Vatican City". 25 October 2001. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
"ECB: Map of euro area 1999 – 2011". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2011.
"Total population as of 1 January". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 2011-03-11. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
Jump up ^ "Slovenia joins the euro area - European Commission". European Commission. 16 June 2011. Archived from the original on 11 September 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Cyprus and Malta adopt the euro - BBC NEWS". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. 1 January 2008. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Kubosova, Lucia (31 December 2008). "Slovakia Joins Decade-Old Euro Zone - Businessweek". Bloomberg Businessweek. Bloomberg. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Estonia to join euro zone in 2011". RTÉ News. Radió Teilifís Éireann. 13 July 2010. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Van Tartwijk, Maarten; Kaza, Juris (9 July 2013). "Latvia Gets Green Light to Join Euro Zone -WSJ.com". Wall Street Journal. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "Press kit - tenth anniversary of the euro banknotes and coins" (PDF). ECB. Central Bank of Ireland. 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "DISCOVER THE NEW €10 BANKNOTE" (PDF). ECB. ECB. 13 January 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
Jump up ^ European Central Bank. "The Euro: Banknotes: Design elements". Retrieved 2009-07-05. The banknotes show a geographical representation of Europe. It excludes islands of less than 400 square kilometres because high-volume offset printing does not permit the accurate reproduction of small design elements.
Jump up ^ The life cycle of a banknote Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine., De Nederlandsche Bank. Accessed 2007-08-17.
Jump up ^ "ECB: Banknotes". European Central Bank. ecb.int. 2002. Retrieved 5 December 2011.
Jump up ^ "Money talks - the new Euro cash". BBC News. BBC News. December 1996. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
Jump up ^ "ECB:Tilt". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "ECB: Feel". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2011. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "ECB: Additional features". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "ECB: Look". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "ECB: Circulation". ECB. European Central Bank.
^ Jump up to: a b c "EuroBillTracker - About this site". Philippe Girolami, Anssi Johansson, Marko Schilde. EuroBillTracker. 1 January 2002. Archived from the original on 27 June 2013. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "EuroBillTracker - Statistics". Philippe Girolami, Anssi Johansson, Marko Schilde. EuroBillTracker. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
External links[edit]
Media related to 10 euro banknotes at Wikimedia Commons
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Tesla Roadster (2020)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For Tesla's first sports car, see Tesla Roadster (2008). For Tesla's first car in space, see Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster.
Tesla Roadster
Overview
Manufacturer
Tesla, Inc.
Model years
2020 (to commence)
Designer
Franz von Holzhausen
Body and chassis
Class
Sports car (S)
Body style
2-door 2+2 coupe
Layout
Triple motor, all-wheel drive
Powertrain
Electric motor
3 electric motors (one front, two rear)
Battery
200 kWh (720 MJ)
Electric range
1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
Chronology
Predecessor
Tesla Roadster (2008)
The Tesla Roadster is an all-electric battery-powered four-seater sports car prototype from Tesla, Inc.[1] Tesla has said it will be capable of 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h) in 1.9 seconds, quicker than any street legal production car to date at its announcement in November 2017.[2] The Roadster is the successor to Tesla's first production car, which was the 2008 Roadster.
Tesla said they will begin selling the car in 2020, though not before the Tesla Model Y goes on sale. Elon Musk said that the Roadster would have a new acceleration mode that is quicker than the acceleration available with the Tesla Model S and X.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview
1.1 History
1.2 Pre-order marketing
1.3 Price
2 Design
3 Performance estimates
4 Independent analyses
5 References
6 See also
Overview[edit]
History[edit]
In 2011, at the end of the production run of the original Tesla Roadster, Elon Musk suggested that a new version of the Roadster, without the Lotus chassis, would return to production by 2014.[4] The new Roadster was first teased in 2014.[5]
In 2015, Musk suggested a new Roadster in 2019, capable of faster acceleration.[6][7][8] A tweet by Elon Musk in December 2016 reconfirmed a second Roadster was in the works, but still "some years away".[9][10] The second Roadster was designed by Franz von Holzhausen.[11]
The 2020 version of the Roadster was shown as a surprise at the end of the Tesla Semi event on November 16, 2017—during which a Roadster was driven out of the back of one of the semi-truck trailers to the song "Sabotage".[12] Musk explained the concept as: "The point of doing this is to give a hardcore smackdown to gasoline cars. Driving a gasoline sports car is going to feel like a steam engine with a side of quiche."[13][14] The car will retail for upward of $200,000;[15] test rides were given at the event for those who immediately paid the first $5,000 of a $50,000 deposit to pre-order the vehicle.[13][16][17][18] Additional information followed after the teaser, such as the various world-record speeds Tesla said it will break.[1][3][19][20][21]
Pre-order marketing[edit]
As of 2017, pre-orders of the Roadster had begun, with a US $50,000 deposit required.[13] Tesla owners taking part in the referral promotion program began accumulating discounts toward the purchase of a Roadster based on the number of referrals. Those reaching 55 confirmed referrals obtained a 100% rebate toward a future Roadster purchase.[22][23]
Price[edit]
The base model was expected to sell for US $200,000 but the first 1,000 to be produced, the so-called Founder's Series, will be priced at $250,000.[13] Full payment would be required to pre-order the latter vehicle. Deposits for the Roadster should help Tesla cover some of their 2018 capital expenditures.[24]
Design[edit]
The second generation Tesla Roadster is a 2+2 roadster with a removable glass roof. It was designed by Franz von Holzhausen, formerly of Mazda. The Roadster has a 2+2 seating arrangements, with smaller rear seats for two passengers.[13]
The Roadster has three electric motors, one in front and two at the rear,[13] allowing for all-wheel drive, and torque vectoring during cornering. Tesla said that the vehicle had a 200 kWh (720 MJ) battery, twice the capacity of the Tesla Model S P100D, and giving a 621 miles (1,000 km) range on one charge at highway speeds. Tesla stated that the torque at wheels was 10,000 N⋅m (7,400 lb⋅ft). The rear wheels are larger than the front wheels.[25]
Performance estimates[edit]
At the November 17, 2017 unveiling, Tesla claimed the Roadster's acceleration will be:
0–97 km/h (0–60 mph) in 1.9 seconds[26]
0–161 km/h (0–100 mph) in 4.2 seconds
It claimed the 0 to 1⁄4 mi (0.0 to 0.4 km) time will be 8.9 seconds, with a top speed above 400 km/h (250 mph).[27][28] If the production Roadster achieves these performance numbers, it will outperform the supercars of 2017 and would set new production car records, none of which had yet done better than 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) in 2.0 seconds or 9.0 seconds in the 1/4 mile.[27][28]
Independent analyses[edit]
Research completed by Bloomberg L.P. indicates that the estimate as to range per charge is optimistic, based on comments from Salim Morsy, electric vehicle analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance. In an article titled Tesla's Newest Promises Break the Laws of Batteries, Morsey indicated that the claimed battery capacity would require batteries that would be too large for the Roadster's small frame. "I really don't think the car you saw last week had the full 200 kilowatt hours in it. I don't think it's physically possible to do that right now."[29]
Venkat Viswanathan,[30] described as a "mechanical engineering assistant professor who works at the Wilton E. Scott Institute for Energy Innovation and focuses on next-generation battery technology" told Jalopnik (a Gizmodo Media Group publication) that the 1.9 second figure for 0 to 60 mph seems reasonable in spite of the estimated battery weight of 833 kg or 1,836 pounds. He added that the feasibility of the acceleration claim assumed that suitable tires would be available for the maximum traction that will be required.[31]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Lambert, Fred (16 May 2016). "Tesla official describes the next generation Roadster as different, faster and bigger". electrek. Archived from the original on 21 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Sage, Alexandria (16 November 2017). "New $200,000 Tesla Roadster speeds in front of electric big-rig truck". Reuters. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Jivan, Jon (17 July 2015). "Tesla's insanely fast Model S just got faster, ludicrously faster". electrek. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Keene, Jaime (31 October 2011). "Tesla Roadster to return in 2014". The Verge. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Lambert, Fred (13 June 2017). "Tesla Roadster next-gen: Elon Musk considers 0-60 mph target under 2-second for 'Maximum Plaid'". electrek. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Musk, Elon (2015-07-17). "Three Dog Day". Tesla, Inc. Retrieved 2015-08-30.
Jump up ^ Hill, Brandon (2015-07-18). "Tesla Motors Will Launch All-New 'Maximum Plaid' Roadster Within Four Years". HotHardware. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
Jump up ^ Perkins, Chris (2015-07-18). "Tesla will launch a new roadster in 4 years (with nod to 'Spaceballs')". Mashable. Retrieved 2015-08-31.
Jump up ^ Klein, Jonathon (2016-12-28). "New Tesla Roadster Planned, Says Elon Musk". Motor Trend. US. Retrieved 2017-06-02.
Jump up ^ Musk, Elon (2016-12-23). "@jelleprins Some years away, but yes". Twitter. Retrieved 2017-06-01.
Jump up ^ Vaughn, Mark (17 November 2017). "Tesla Roadster Sounds Incredible But Will It Be That Good?". AutoWeek. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Barlow, Jason (17 November 2017). "The new Tesla Roadster is Formula One car fast". British GQ. Retrieved 21 November 2017. Beastie Boys classic "Sabotage" was playing as the Roadster was disgorged from the Semi's trailer in front of a whooping audience.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Gibbs, Samuel (17 November 2017). "Tesla Roadster: nine things we know about the 'smackdown to gasoline cars'". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Gibbs, Samuel (17 November 2017). "Tesla Roadster: nine things we know about the 'smackdown to gasoline cars'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Shaban, Hamza (17 November 2017). "For $200,000, Tesla will sell you the 'world's fastest' consumer car". The Washington Post.
Jump up ^ Maclean, Andrew (2017-11-17). "Tesla unveils new Roadster". Drive. Archived from the original on 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
Jump up ^ "Surprise! Tesla Announces New Roadster Amid Electric Truck Reveal". NewsFactor. Archived from the original on 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
Jump up ^ "All-new Tesla Roadster STEALS The SEMI's Show — Musk Plants A Flag In The Ground To END ICE Vehicles For Good". AutoSpies Auto News. Archived from the original on 2017-11-18. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
Jump up ^ Ziegler, Chris (17 July 2015). "It's official: Tesla is launching a new Roadster in four years". The Verge. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Brodie, James (16 June 2017). "2019 Tesla Roadster: Elon Musk hints at two second 0-60 target". Auto Express. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Glon, Ronan (28 December 2016). "Tesla's next Roadster will be one of the quickest cars in the world". Digital Trends. Archived from the original on 21 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Westbrook, Justin T. (12 July 2017). "Tesla Is Offering People A Free Next Generation Roadster (If You Sell 50 Cars For Them)". Jalopnik. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Lambert, Fred (28 September 2017). "Tesla updates its referral program to include solar panels, new prizes, removing $1,000 credit on cars". electrek. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Kharpal, Arjun (21 November 2017). "Tesla's breakneck expansion speed could be a car crash".
Jump up ^ Dow, Jameson (20 November 2017). "Tesla's Next-Gen Roadster: A (speculative) technical look at the car that will "smack down" gasoline powered cars". Electrek. Retrieved 22 November 2017. tires on the prototype are Michelin Pilot Sport Cup 2 325/30ZR21 (104Y) rear and 295/35ZR20 front. These have a "Y" speed rating, which means they have a maximum speed of "over 186mph (300kmph)." They are the same tires used on the Porsche 918 Spyder (which has a 211mph/340kmph top speed).
Jump up ^ Musk, Elon (16 November 2017). "0 to 100 km/h in 1.9 secpic.twitter.com/xTOTDGuwQj". @elonmusk (in Slovenian). Retrieved 2017-11-25.
^ Jump up to: a b Tracy, David. "Here's What A Battery Researcher Told Us About The Tesla Roadster's Crazy Performance Claims". Jalopnik. Archived from the original on 2017-11-18. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
^ Jump up to: a b "Elon Musk Unveils Tesla Semi, Roadster in 'Smackdown to Gasoline Cars'". Nerdist. 2017-11-17. Archived from the original on 2017-11-19. Retrieved 2017-11-18.
Jump up ^ Randall, Tom; Lippert, John (24 November 2017). "Tesla's Newest Promises Break the Laws of Batteries". Bloomberg.
Jump up ^ "Venkat Viswanathan". www.meche.engineering.cmu.edu.
Jump up ^ Tracy, David. "Here's What A Battery Researcher Told Us About The Tesla Roadster's Crazy Performance Claims".
See also[edit]
NIO EP9
Rimac Concept One
Rimac C Two (Concept Two)
Mercedes-Benz EQ A
Aspark Owl
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Robert Goodloe Harper
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Robert Goodloe Harper
United States Senator
from Maryland
In office
January 29, 1816 – December 6, 1816
Preceded by
Samuel Smith
Succeeded by
Alexander C. Hanson
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 5th district
In office
February 9, 1795 – March 4, 1801
Preceded by
Alexander Gillon
Succeeded by
William Butler
Member of the South Carolina House of Representatives
In office
1790–1795
Personal details
Born
January 1765
Fredericksburg, Virginia
Died
January 14, 1825 (aged 59–60)
Baltimore, Maryland
Political party
Federalist
Military service
Allegiance
United States of America
Service/branch
United States Army
Rank
Major General
Battles/wars
War of 1812
Robert Goodloe Harper (January 1765 – January 14, 1825), a Federalist, was a member of the United States Senate from Maryland, serving from January 1816 until his resignation in December of the same year. He also served in the South Carolina House of Representatives (1790–1795), the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina (1795–1801), and in the Maryland State Senate. He is best remembered for the phrase, "Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute."[1] The town of Harper, Liberia is named after him.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Political career in South Carolina
3 Political career in Maryland
4 Retirement
5 Honors and memberships
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Harper, the fifth child and first son of Jesse Harper (1733 – ?) and Emily Diana Goodloe (1734–1788) was born near Fredericksburg, Virginia in January 1765 and moved with his parents to Granville, North Carolina around 1769. He received his early education at home and later attended grammar school. At the age of fifteen, Harper joined a volunteer corps of Cavalry and served in the American Revolutionary Army. He made a surveying tour through Kentucky and Tennessee in 1783, and graduated from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University) in 1785. He studied law in Charleston, South Carolina, teaching school at the same time, and was admitted to the bar in 1786. He commenced practice in the Ninety-Sixth District of South Carolina, moving back to Charleston, S.C. in 1789.
On May 7, 1800, Harper married Catherine Carroll in Anne Arundel Co, Maryland, the daughter of Charles & Mary (Darnall) Carroll.
Robert had a least 4 children with Catherine:
Charles Carroll Harper, m. Charlotte Hutchinson Cheffelle
Richard Caton Harper
Robert Goodloe Harper, Jr
Emily Louisa Harper, m. William Clapham Pennington.
Political career in South Carolina[edit]
Harper was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1790 until 1795, at which time he was elected from South Carolina to the Third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Alexander Gillon. He was reelected to the Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Congresses but was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1800 to the Seventh Congress, serving as a U.S Representative from February 9, 1795 to March 1801. While in Congress, he was the chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means in the Fifth and Sixth Congresses. Harper was one of the managers appointed by the House of Representatives in 1798 to conduct the impeachment proceedings against William Blount.
Political career in Maryland[edit]
Harper moved to Baltimore, Maryland, and engaged in the practice of law. He consorted with the men of the mob riots of Baltimore against the British in June 1812.[2] He served in the War of 1812, attaining the rank of major general. He assisted in organizing the Baltimore Exchange Co. in 1815 and was a member of the first board of directors. He then became a member of the Maryland State Senate, and was later elected from Maryland to the United States Senate for the term beginning March 4, 1815, serving from January 1816 until December 1816, when he resigned. He was an unsuccessful Federalist candidate for Vice President in the 1816 election. He also received one electoral vote for Vice President in the 1820 election.
Retirement[edit]
Harper traveled extensively in Europe in 1819 and 1820. He took a prominent part in the ceremonies on the occasion of Lafayette’s visit to Baltimore in 1824. He died in Baltimore on January 14, 1825, and was initially interred in the family burial ground on his estate, Oakland Manor, and later reburied in Greenmount Cemetery in Baltimore.
Honors and memberships[edit]
Elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1815.[3]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ 804. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney (1746–1825). Respectfully Quoted: A Dictionary of Quotations. 1989
Jump up ^ Laura Rich. Maryland History In Prints 1743–1900. p. 42.
Jump up ^ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
American National Biography Papenfuse, Eric.
The Evils of Necessity: Robert Goodloe Harper and the Moral Dilemma of Slavery; Cox, Joseph.
Champion of Southern Federalism: Robert Goodloe Harper of South Carolina. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press, 1972.
United States Congress. "Robert Goodloe Harper (id: H000225)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
External links[edit]
Works by Robert Goodloe Harper at Open Library
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by
Alexander Gillon Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from South Carolina's 5th congressional district
1795–1801 Succeeded by
William Butler
U.S. Senate
Preceded by
Samuel Smith U.S. Senator (Class 1) from Maryland
1816
Served alongside: Robert H. Goldsborough Succeeded by
Alexander C. Hanson
[show]
v
t
e
United States Senators from Maryland
Class 1
Carroll
Potts
Howard
S. Smith
Harper
Hanson
Pinkney
S. Smith
Kent
Merrick
Johnson
Stewart
Pratt
Kennedy
Johnson
Whyte
Hamilton
Whyte
Gorman
McComas
Rayner
Jackson
Lee
France
Bruce
P. Goldsborough
Radcliffe
O'Conor
Beall Sr.
J. Tydings
Beall Jr.
Sarbanes
Cardin
Class 3
Henry
J. Lloyd
Hindman
Wright
Reed
R. Goldsborough
E. Lloyd
Chambers
R. Goldsborough
Spence
Kerr
Pearce
Hicks
Creswell
Vickers
Dennis
Groome
Wilson
Gibson
Wellington
Gorman
Whyte
J. Smith
Weller
M. Tydings
Butler
Brewster
Mathias
Mikulski
Van Hollen
[show]
v
t
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Chairmen of the United States House Committee on Ways and Means
Fitzsimons
W. Smith
Harper
Griswold
Randolph
Clay
G. Campbell
Eppes
Bacon
Cheves
Eppes
Lowndes
S. Smith
McLane
Randolph
McDuffie
Verplanck
Polk
Cambreleng
J. W. Jones
Fillmore
McKay
Vinton
Bayly
Houston
L. Campbell
J. G. Jones
Phelps
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Stevens
Morrill
Schenck
Hooper
Dawes
Morrison
Wood
Tucker
Kelley
Morrison
R. Mills
McKinley
Springer
Wilson
Dingley
Payne
Underwood
Kitchin
Fordney
Green
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Collier
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Knutson
Doughton
Reed
Cooper
W. Mills
Ullman
Rostenkowski
Gibbons
Archer
Thomas
Rangel
Levin
Camp
Ryan
Johnson
Brady
Italics indicates acting chairman
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 54969088
LCCN: n85024902
ISNI: 0000 0000 7374 6824
GND: 120054094
US Congress: H000225
IATH: w6p55s6v
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Goodloe_Harper&oldid=793796003"
Categories:
1765 births
1825 deaths
American people of the War of 1812
Maryland State Senators
Members of the South Carolina House of Representatives
Members of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina
Politicians from Fredericksburg, Virginia
United States Army generals
United States Senators from Maryland
United States vice-presidential candidates, 1816
United States vice-presidential candidates, 1820
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iPad Pro
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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iPad Pro
12.9" iPad Pro in Gold
Developer
Apple Inc.
Manufacturer
Foxconn (under contract)
Product family
iPad
Type
Tablet computer
Release date
November 11, 2015 (12.9-inch 1G model)
March 31, 2016 (9.7-inch model)
June 13, 2017 (12.9 2G and 10.5-inch models)
Introductory price
12.9-inch model:
$799 USD (32 GB WiFi only)
9.7-inch model:
$599 USD (32 GB WiFi only)
10.5-inch model:
$649 USD (64 GB WiFi only)
Discontinued
June 5, 2017 (12.9-inch 1G and 9.7-inch)
Operating system
Original: iOS 9.1 (12.9-inch 1G model)
iOS 9.3 (9.7-inch model)
iOS 10.3.2 (10.5-inch and 12.9-inch 2G model)
Current: iOS 11.4.1, released July 9, 2018 (2018-07-09)
System-on-chip used
12.9-inch 1G and 9.7-inch: Apple A9X with 64-bit architecture and Apple M9 motion co-processor
12.9-inch 2G and 10.5-inch: Apple A10X with 64-bit architecture and Apple M10 motion co-processor
CPU
12.9-inch 1G: 2.26 GHz dual-core 64-bit ARMv8-A[1]
9.7-inch: 2.16 GHz dual-core 64-bit
12.9 inch 2G and 10.5 inch: 2.39 GHz hexa-core 64-bit
Memory
12.9-inch: 4 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM[1]
9.7-inch: 2 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM
10.5-inch: 4 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM
Storage
12.9-inch 1G:
32(WiFi only), 128 or 256 GB flash memory [2]
9.7-inch:
32, 128 or 256 GB flash memory[2]
12.9-inch 2G and 10.5-inch: 64, 256 or 512 GB flash memory[2]
Display
12.9-inch:
2732×2048 px (264 PPI) (IPS panel) (5.5 megapixels), 12.9 in (327.8 mm) diagonal, 4:3[2]
9.7-inch:
2048×1536 px (264 PPI) (IPS panel) (3.1 megapixels), 9.7 in (246.3 mm) diagonal, 4:3[2]
10.5-inch:
2224×1668 px (264 PPI) (IPS Panel), 10.5 in diagonal, 4:3[2]
Graphics
12-core PowerVR Series 7XT[3]
Sound
Four speakers, adjusting sound to device orientation
Input
Multi-touch screen, headset controls and ambient light sensors, 3-axis accelerometer, 3-axis gyroscope, digital compass, dual microphone, Bosch Sensortec BMP280 barometer
Camera
12.9-inch 1G: 1.2 megapixels 720p front-facing and 8 megapixels rear-facing[2]
9.7-inch: 5 megapixels 720p front-facing and 12 megapixels 4K rear-facing[2]
12.9-inch 2G and 10.5-inch: 7 megapixels 1080p front-facing and 12 megapixels 4K rear-facing[2]
Connectivity
Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi + Cellular:
Wi-Fi 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac; dual channel (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz); HT80 with MIMO[2]
Bluetooth 4.2[2]
Wi-Fi + Cellular:
GPS & GLONASS[2]
GSM
UMTS / HSDPA
850, 900, 1700, 1900, 2100 MHz[2]
GSM / EDGE
850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz[2]
CDMA
CDMA/EV-DO Rev. A and B.
800, 1900 MHz[2]
12.9-inch Wi-Fi + Cellular:
LTE
Multiple bands
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29 and TD-LTE 38, 39, 40, 41[2]
9.7-inch Wi-Fi + Cellular:
LTE Advanced
Multiple bands
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and TD-LTE 38, 39, 40, 41[2]
Power
12.9-inch: 3.77 V 38.8 W·h (10,307 mA·h)[4]
9.7-inch: 3.82 V 27.91 W·h (7,306 mA·h)[5]
10.5-inch: 3.77 V 30.8 W·h (8,134 mA·h)[6]
Online services
App Store, Apple Music, iTunes Store, iBookstore, iCloud, Game Center
Dimensions
12.9-inch:
305.7 mm (12.04 in) (h)
220.6 mm (8.69 in) (w)
6.9 mm (0.27 in) (d)
9.7-inch:
240 mm (9.4 in) (h)
169.5 mm (6.67 in) (w)
6.1 mm (0.24 in) (d)
10.5-inch:
250.6 mm (9.87 in) (h)
174.1 mm (6.85 in) (w)
6.1 mm (0.24 in) (d)
Weight
12.9-inch Wi-Fi: 713 g (1.572 lb)
12.9-inch Wi-Fi + Cellular: 723 g (1.594 lb)
9.7-inch Wi-Fi: 437 g (0.963 lb)
9.7-inch Wi-Fi + Cellular: 444 g (0.979 lb)
10.5-inch WiFi: 469 g (1.034 lb)
10.5-inch WiFi + Cellular:
477 g (1.052 lb)
Related articles
Apple Pencil, Apple A9X, Apple A10X
Website
www.apple.com/ipad-pro/
This article is part of a series on the
iPad
1st · 2 · 3rd · 4th · Air · Air 2 · 2017 · 2018
(5th) (6th)
Mini
1st
2
3
4
Pro
1st
2nd
List of iPad models
v
t
e
The iPad Pro family is a line of iPad tablet computers designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc., that runs the iOS mobile operating system. It is currently available in two screen sizes, 10.5-inch (27 cm) and 12.9-inch (33 cm),[7] each with three options for internal storage capacities: 64, 256, or 512 GB; the 512 GB configuration making iPad Pro the first iOS device to offer that storage size.
The first iPad Pro, the 12.9-inch version, was announced on September 9, 2015,[8] and released on November 11, 2015.[9] It is larger than all previous iPad models and the first iPad tablet to feature LPDDR4 RAM.[1] The 12.9-inch tablet was later followed by the smaller 9.7-inch version, which was announced on March 21, 2016, and released on March 31 that same year.[10]
On June 5, 2017, a second generation of iPad Pro was announced, which features A10X Fusion processors, with basic storage of 64 GB, and optional 512 GB. Upgraded displays include a new 10.5-inch version to replace the 9.7-inch model, while the 12.9-inch version was refreshed.[11] Following this announcement, the first generation iPad Pros, both 9.7 and 12.9 inch, were discontinued.
Contents
1 First generation
2 Second generation
3 Accessories
3.1 Smart Keyboard
3.2 Apple Pencil
4 Reception
4.1 General reviews
4.2 First generation reviews
4.3 Second generation reviews
5 Model comparison
6 Timeline
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
First generation[edit]
The 12.9-inch version of the iPad Pro was announced during an Apple Special Event on September 9, 2015. It was released on November 11, 2015 with gold, silver, and space gray color options. Prices ranging from US $799.99 to $1,229.99 based on storage size and cellular connectivity. On March 21, 2016, the 9.7 inch version of the iPad Pro was announced at an Apple keynote with an additional rose gold color option. The 9.7 inch version also introduced the ability to choose base 32GB Model with Cellular + WiFi option. (Previously, Cellular + WiFi option was only available on 128GB iPad Pro models.) The 9.7 inch model is priced from $599 to $1,129 depending on the configuration. It was released on March 31, 2016.
The 9.7-inch iPad Pro, when compared to the iPad Air 2, features a faster CPU, a better camera, and is the first iPad to feature True Tone Flash and Retina Flash. It also had the highest storage for an iPad at the time with a 256 GB storage option and has a True Tone display, which allows the LCD to adapt to ambient lighting to change its color and intensity in different environments.[10]
Both iPad Pro models include the A9X chip and the Apple M9 motion co-processor. The 9.7 inch model, however, has a slightly underclocked CPU (2.16 GHz compared to 2.26 GHz on the 12.9 inch model) and only 2 GB of RAM. A number of features are carried over from the standard iPad, such as Touch ID and the Retina Display. New features include a smart connector for a keyboard and four stereo speakers located in pairs on top and bottom of the device. The 12.9 inch model has a 2732-by-2048 Retina Display at 264 pixels per inch, and the 9.7 inch model has a 2048-by-1536 Retina Display at 264 pixels per inch and features a variable refresh rate, a first for Apple. The 12.9 inch version of the iPad Pro is the first iPad to include 4 GB of RAM.
A customised 12.9 inch iPad Pro was also designed by Jony Ive and submitted to the Time for Design auction. The special edition iPad Pro has an "Edition 1 of 1" label engraved on its back and comes with a custom yellow-gold anodised finish, a blue leather Smart Cover and an orange leather Apple Pencil case cover, all of which are not sold by Apple elsewhere.[12][13]
Second generation[edit]
The second generation of iPad Pro was announced on June 5, 2017 alongside iOS 11 at the 2017 WWDC. The second-generation iPad Pro models, at 10.5-inch and 12.9-inch, have an A10X hexa-core CPU and with a 12-core GPU, supports HDR10 and Dolby Vision content (with iOS 11 or later) with a 120 Hz refresh rate and their True Tone display is 50 percent brighter than the earlier models; both sizes also have a 12-megapixel rear-facing camera with quad-LED True-Tone flash and a 7-megapixel front-facing camera with Retina Flash.[11] They have USB-C connection speeds using Lightning cables, with USB-C fast-charge support.[14] The second generation iPad Pro has the highest storage capacity of iOS devices, up to 512 GB.
Accessories[edit]
There are four accessories made specifically for iPad Pro, all of which are sold separately: a "smart" screen cover; an attachable keyboard, Smart Keyboard; an active bluetooth tracking stylus, Apple Pencil; and a form-fitted silicone case that is compatible with the Smart Keyboard.[15]
Smart Keyboard[edit]
Smart Keyboard docks with iPad Pro using the Smart Connector, a magnetic connection that provides data transfer and power. Smart Keyboard, which doubles as a kickstand, is comparable to that of the competing Microsoft Surface Pro.[16] The design of the Smart Keyboard is similar to the design of the Smart Cover accessory.[17]
Apple Pencil[edit]
Main article: Apple Pencil
IPad Pro and Apple Pencil (in boxes)
Apple Pencil is a precision stylus exclusive to the iPad Pro and the iPad 2018. The accessory is rechargeable via the Lightning port on the tablet itself.[18][19] iPad Pro introduces a new display with increased responsiveness and precision over previous iPad displays with Apple Pencil support added.[20][21] During the keynote, Apple demonstrated drawing, managing publication layout, and document annotation.[22][23][24]
Reception[edit]
General reviews[edit]
The iPad Pro's 9.7-inch version set a record among all currently released tablets tested in color accuracy, screen reflectance, peak brightness, contrast rating in high ambient light, and smallest color variation. However, the iPad Pro 12.9-inch version tested to having better contrast ratio in the dark.[25]
Despite Apple advertising the tablets as PC replacements,[26] most reviewers noted that it still cannot replace a laptop running the Microsoft Windows or macOS desktop operating systems.[27][28] One critic pointed out in a comparative review with the competing Surface Pro that "from a flexibility perspective, there is no denying the Windows 10 advantage for consumers, students, and business users" over iOS.[29]
First generation reviews[edit]
Scott Stein from CNET praised the faster processor and new accessories available. However, he criticized the cost of both the unit and its accessories, while noting its slightly slower processor with less RAM compared to the larger 12.9-inch model.[30] Matt Swider from TechRadar complimented the easy handling, large 256GB configuration and True Tone display, but was upset about the high starting price.[31] Gareth Beavis gave a positive review, commending the expansive screen and audio quality but stated that the battery life could be made longer.[32]
Second generation reviews[edit]
Max Parker from TrustedReviews and Gareth Beavis from TechRadar both praised the 10.5-inch model's high-quality audio and performance, though both critics noted that it was expensive.[33][34]
Reviewing the 12.9 inch second-generation iPad Pro, Lauren Goode of The Verge complimented the quality camera, A10X processor and large screen size but said that the device could have been cheaper.[35]
Model comparison[edit]
Legend:
Discontinued Current
Model
iPad Pro (1st generation)
iPad Pro (2nd generation)
Screen Size
12.9-inch
9.7-inch
12.9-inch
10.5-inch
Image
Initial operating system
iOS 9.1 iOS 9.3 iOS 10.3.2 iOS 10.3.2[36]
Highest supported operating system
iOS 11.4.1

Model Number[37][38]
A1584 (Wi-Fi)
A1652 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)
A1673 (Wi-Fi)
A1674 or A1675 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)
A1670 (Wi-Fi)
A1671 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)
A1701 (Wi-Fi)
A1709 (Wi-Fi + Cellular)
Announcement date
September 9, 2015 March 21, 2016 June 5, 2017
Release date
November 11, 2015 March 31, 2016 June 13, 2017[39]
Launch price
Wi-Fi models:
32 GB – US$799
128 GB – US$949
256 GB – US$1,099
Wi-Fi + Cellular models:
128 GB – US$1,079
256 GB – US$1,229
Wi-Fi models:
32 GB – US$599
128 GB – US$749
256 GB – US$899
Wi-Fi + Cellular models:
32 GB – US$729
128 GB – US$879
256 GB – US$1,029
Wi-Fi models:
64 GB – US$799
256 GB – US$899
512 GB – US$1,099
Wi-Fi + Cellular models:
64 GB – US$929
256 GB – US$1,029
512 GB – US$1,229
Wi-Fi models:
64 GB – US$649
256 GB – US$749
512 GB – US$949
Wi-Fi + Cellular models:
64 GB – US$779
256 GB – US$879
512 GB – US$1,079
SoC
Apple A9X Apple A10X Fusion
Motion coprocessor
Apple M9 Apple M10
CPU
2.26 GHz dual-core Apple Twister[1] 2.26 GHz dual-core Apple Twister (underclocked to 2.16 GHz) ~2.36 GHz hexa-core Apple Fusion (3× Hurricane + 3× Zephyr)[40]
GPU
12-core PowerVR Series 7XT[3]
Memory
4 GB LPDDR4 RAM[1] 2 GB LPDDR4 RAM 4GB LPDDR4 RAM[41]
Display
12.9 inches (330 mm) [diagonal] multi-touch display with LED backlighting
and an oleophobic, fingerprint and scratch-resistant coating, Fully laminated display, Antireflective coating 9.7 inches (250 mm) [diagonal] multi-touch display with LED backlighting
and an oleophobic and scratch-resistant coating, Wide color display, True Tone display,
Fully laminated display, Antireflective coating
12.9 inches (330 mm) [diagonal] multi-touch display with LED backlighting
and an oleophobic and scratch-resistant coating, Wide color display, True Tone display,
Fully laminated display, Antireflective coating, ProMotion display (120 Hertz refresh rate)
10.5 inches (270 mm) [diagonal] multi-touch display with LED backlighting
and an oleophobic and scratch-resistant coating, Wide color display, True Tone display,
Fully laminated display, Antireflective coating, ProMotion display (120 Hertz refresh rate)
2732-by-2048 pixel resolution 264 ppi (Retina Display) 2048-by-1536 pixel resolution at 264 ppi (Retina Display) 2732-by-2048 pixel resolution at 264 ppi (Retina Display) 2224-by-1668 pixel resolution at 264 ppi (Retina Display)
Camera
iSight
8 MP, ƒ/2.4 aperture, HDR for photos, Autofocus, five-element lens, Hybrid IR filter,
Backside illumination, Face Detection, Exposure control, Panorama (up to 43 MP), Burst mode, Tap to focus, Photo geotagging, Timer mode, Video Recording, 1080p video recording (30 fps), Slo-mo video support for 720p at 120 fps, Time-lapse video, Video image stabilization, 3× digital zoom, Video geotagging
12 MP, ƒ/2.2 aperture, Auto HDR for photos, five-element lens, Hybrid IR filter, Backside illumination, Autofocus with Focus Pixels, Improved face detection, Exposure control, Panorama (up to 63 MP), Burst mode,
Tap to focus, Photo geotagging, Timer mode, Video Recording, Cinematic video stabilization, 4K video recording (30 fps), 1080p HD video recording at 30 fps or 60 fps, Slo-mo video support for 1080p at 120 fps and 720p at 240 fps, Time-lapse video, 3× digital zoom, Live Photos, True Tone LED flash, Sapphire crystal lens cover, Improved local tone mapping, Improved noise reduction, Video geotagging
12 MP, ƒ/1.8 aperture, Auto HDR for photos, Autofocus with Focus Pixels, six-element lens, Hybrid IR filter, Backside illumination,Improved face detection, Exposure control, Panorama (up to 63 MP), Burst mode, Tap to focus,
Photo and video geotagging, Timer mode, Video Recording, Cinematic video stabilization, 4K video recording (30 fps), 1080p HD video recording at 30fps or 60fps, Slo-mo video support for 1080p at 120 fps and 720p at 240 fps, Time-lapse video, 3× digital zoom, True Tone LED flash, Sapphire crystal lens cover, Improved local tone mapping, Improved noise reduction
FaceTime
1.2 MP, ƒ/2.2 aperture, 720p HD video recording, Auto HDR for photos and videos, Backside illumination, Exposure control, Burst mode, Timer mode and Face Detection 5 MP, ƒ/2.2 aperture, 720p HD video recording, Retina Flash, Auto HDR for photos and videos, Backside illumination, Exposure control, Burst mode, Timer mode and Face Detection 7 MP ƒ/2.2 aperture, 1080p HD video recording, Auto HDR for photos and videos, Backside illumination, Exposure control, Burst mode, Timer mode and Face Detection
Wireless
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g/n/ac); dual channel (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz); HT80 with MIMO
Bluetooth 4.2 technology
Wi-Fi + Cellular
Above plus:
UMTS/HSPA/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1700/2100, 1900, 2100 MHz); GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz), CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B (800, 1900 MHz), LTE (Bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29, 38, 39, 40, 41), Data only, Includes Apple SIM (U.S., UK, and Germany only)
Above plus:
UMTS/HSPA/HSPA+/DC-HSDPA (850, 900, 1700/2100, 1900, 2100 MHz); GSM/EDGE (850, 900, 1800, 1900 MHz), CDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B (800, 1900 MHz), LTE Advanced (Bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 38, 39, 40, 41), Data only, Embedded Apple SIM
Geolocation
Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi
Apple location databases
iBeacon microlocation
Wi-Fi + Cellular
Above plus:
Assisted GPS
GLONASS
Cellular network
Environmental sensors
Accelerometer
Gyroscope
Ambient light sensor
Magnetometer
Barometer
Battery
3.77 V 38.8 W·h (10307mA·h) rechargeable lithium‐polymer battery[4] 3.82 V 27.91 W·h (7306mA·h) rechargeable lithium‐polymer battery[42] 3.77 V 41 W·h (10875mA·h) rechargeable lithium‐polymer battery[43] 3.77 V 30.8 W·h (8134mA·h) rechargeable lithium‐polymer battery[41]
Dimensions
305.7 mm (12.04 in) (h)
220.6 mm (8.69 in) (w)
6.9 mm (0.27 in) (d)
240 mm (9.4 in) (h)
169.5 mm (6.67 in) (w)
6.1 mm (0.24 in) (d)
305.7 mm (12.04 in) (h)
220.6 mm (8.69 in) (w)
6.9 mm (0.27 in) (d)
250.6 mm (9.87 in) (h)
174.1 mm (6.85 in) (w)
6.1 mm (0.24 in) (d)
Weight
Wi-Fi model: 710 g (1.57 lb)
Wi-Fi + Cellular model: 720 g (1.59 lb)
Wi-Fi: 437 g (0.963 lb)
Wi-Fi + Cellular: 444 g (0.979 lb)
Wi-Fi model: 677 g (1.493 lb)
Wi-Fi + Cellular model: 692 g (1.526 lb)
Wi-Fi: 469 g (1.034 lb)
Wi-Fi + Cellular 477 g (1.052 lb)
Mechanical keys
Home and sleep buttons
Volume control
Omits variable function switch like the iPad Air 2 and iPad Mini 4
Connectors
Lightning Connector
Apple Smart Connector
3.5 mm audio jack connector
Speakers
Quad stereo
Greenhouse gas emissions
240 kg CO2e[44] 210 kg CO2e[45] 122 kg CO2e[46] 100 kg CO2e[47]
Timeline[edit]
May 2018:9.7” iPad Models: A1893 (Wi-Fi), A1954 (4G), MPGT2LLA, MR7G2LL/A, MR7F2LL/A, MRJN2LL/A
July 2017: 12.9” iPad Pro (2nd Gen) Models: A1670 (Wi-Fi), A1671 (4G), MQDA2LL/A, MP6G2LL/A, MP6J2LL/A
June 2017: 10.5” iPad Pro (2nd Gen) Models: A1701 (Wi-Fi), A1709 (4G), MQDT2CL/A, MQDW2LLA, MQDY2LL/A
April 2016: 9.7” iPad Pro (1st Gen) Models: A1673 (Wi-Fi), A1674 or A1675 (4G), MLMQ2CL/A, MLMQ2LL/A
March 2016: 9.7” iPad (7th Gen) Models: A1822 (Wi-Fi), A1823 (4G), MPGT2LL/A, MPGW2LL/A, MPGC2LL/A,
November 2015: 12.9” iPad Pro (1st Gen) Models: A1584 (Wi-Fi), A1652 (4G), MD517LL/A, ML3K2LL/A, ML0T2LL/A, MD517LL/A
September 2015: iPad Mini 4 (4th Gen Mini) Models: A1538 (Wi-Fi), A1550 (4G), MK9J2LL/A, MK8C2LL/A, MK9Q2LL/A, MK6K2LL/A
April 2015: iPad (4th Gen) Models: A1458 (Wi-Fi), A1459 (4G), A1460 (4G MM), MD511LL/A
October 2014: iPad Air 2 Models: A1566 (Wi-Fi), A1667 (4G), MH0W2LL/A, MNV72LL/A, MH182LL/A, MH1J2LL/A
iPad Mini 3 (3rd Gen Mini) Models: A1599 (Wi-Fi), A1600 (4G), MGNV2LL/A, MH3F2LL/A, MH382LL/A, MGGT2LL/A, MGP42LL/A, MH3M2LL/A
November 2013: iPad Air (5th Gen) Models: A1474 (Wi-Fi), A1475 (4G), MD788LL/B, MD789LL/A, MD790LL/A, ME906LL/A
iPad Mini 2 (2nd Gen Mini) Models: A1489 (Wi-Fi), A1490 (4G), ME279LL/A
October 2012: iPad Mini (1st Gen Mini) Models: A1432 (Wi-Fi), A1454 (4G), A1455 (4G MM), MD531LL/A
March 2012: iPad (3rd Gen) Models: A1416 (Wi-Fi), A1430 (4G), A1403 (4G VZ), MD328LL/A
March 2011: iPad (2nd Gen) Models: A1395 (Wi-Fi), A1396 (3G GSM), A1397 (3G CDMA), MC769LL/A
January 2010: iPad (1st Gen) Models: A1219 (Wi-Fi), A1337 (3G), MB294LL/A
Source: Apple Newsroom Archive[48]
See also[edit]
Apple A9X Mobile Processor
Apple A10X Mobile Processor
Pen computing
Graphics tablet
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "The A9X SoC & More To Come - The iPad Pro Preview: Taking Notes With iPad Pro". AnandTech. November 11, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "iPad Pro - Technical Specifications - Apple". Apple Inc.
^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Ryan (November 30, 2015). "More on Apple's A9X SoC". AnandTech. Retrieved November 30, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "iPad Pro Teardown". iFixit. November 11, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
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Jump up ^ "iPad Pro 10.5 inch teardown".
Jump up ^ Love, Julia (September 9, 2015). "Bigger iPad announced at Apple 'monster' event". Reuters. San Francisco. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ Dillet, Roman (September 9, 2015). "Apple Unveils The iPad Pro". TechCrunch. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Apple - Press Info - Epic 12.9-inch iPad Pro Available to Order Online Wednesday & Arrives in Stores Later This Week". Apple Inc.
^ Jump up to: a b Seifert, Dan (March 21, 2016). "New iPad Pro announced: $599, 9.7-inch display, weighs less than one pound". The Verge. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Apple announces new 10.5-inch iPad Pro". Retrieved June 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Mayo, Benjamin (16 April 2016). "Jony Ive designs one-of-a-kind iPad Pro, Smart Cover and Apple Pencil case for special Design Museum auction". 9to5Mac. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Phillips: UK050316, Apple Inc". Phillips. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
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Jump up ^ Ziegler, Chris (September 9, 2015). "The iPad Pro has an optional Smart Keyboard cover for $169". The Verge. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hands-on with the iPad Pro's Smart Keyboard". Macworld. Retrieved 2017-06-19.
Jump up ^ "Apple Introduces iPad Pro Featuring Epic 12.9-inch Retina Display". Apple.com. Apple Press Info. Archived from the original on September 11, 2015. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Harley; et al. "United States Patent: 8638320". Patent Full Text. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ King, Hope. "Apple criticized for Photoshopping smile on woman's face". CNN.com. CNN Money. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Davies, Chris (September 9, 2015). "Apple Pencil for iPad Pro revealed: The stylus' time has come". Slashgear. Archived from the original on September 10, 2015. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ iPad Pro 9.7 analysis shows record display performance, iPhone 7 screen upgrade possibilities 9to5 Mac
Jump up ^ "iPad Pro - What's a Computer?". Apple Inc. on YouTube. August 1, 2016. Retrieved August 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ iPad Pro 9.7 review: Apple's best tablet, but it won't replace a laptop
Jump up ^ No, The 9.7 iPad Pro Won't Replace A Windows Laptop - Forbes
Jump up ^ Microsoft Surface Pro (2017) vs. Apple iPad Pro (2017): Best Productivity Tablet PC Perspective, Retrieved July 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stein, Scott (March 30, 2016). "iPad Pro 9.7-inch review".
Jump up ^ Swider, Matt (January 27, 2018). "iPad Pro 9.7 review". TechRadar.
Jump up ^ Beavis, Gareth. "iPad Pro 12.9 (2015) review". TechRadar. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ Parker, Max (March 9, 2018). "iPad Pro 10.5 review". trustedreviews.
Jump up ^ Beavis, Gareth. "iPad Pro 10.5 review". TechRadar. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ Lauren Goode (June 20, 2017). "iPad Pro 12.9-inch review". The Verge. Retrieved April 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Review: The 10.5-inch iPad Pro is much more "pro" than what it replaces". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2017-06-17.
Jump up ^ "Identifying iPad Models".
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Jump up ^ "New 2017 iPad Pro Models Now Available in Apple Stores". Retrieved 2017-06-17.
Jump up ^ Smith, Ryan (June 29, 2017). "TechInsights Confirms Apple's A10X SoC Is TSMC 10nm FF; 96.4mm2 Die Size". AnandTech. Retrieved December 30, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "iPad Pro 10.5" Teardown". iFixit. 2017-06-13. Retrieved 2017-06-17.
Jump up ^ "iPad Pro 9.7" Teardown". iFixit. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ "iPad Pro 12.9in (2017) vs iPad Pro 12.9in (2015)". June 15, 2017. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "iPad Pro Environmental Report" (PDF). Apple Inc. November 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 8, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "9.7-inch iPad Pro Environmental Report" (PDF). Measuring performance. One product at a time. Apple Inc. March 2016. Retrieved March 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "iPad Pro (12.9-inch) Environmental Report" (PDF). June 5, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "iPad Pro (10.5-inch) Environmental Report" (PDF). June 5, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Apple Inc. (2010–2011). iPad News - Newsroom Archive. Retrieved June 7, 2018.
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https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad_Pro
IPad Pro – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad_Pro
IPad Pro – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad_Pro
IPad Pro – Russian
ru
ru
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad_Pro
IPad Pro – Ukrainian
uk
uk
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad_Pro
IPad Pro – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPad_Pro
IPad Pro – Chinese
zh
zh
interlanguage-link-target

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

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values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

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