text:
Jack Wild
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Jack Wild
Jack Wild, 1970
Born
(1952-09-30)30 September 1952
Royton, Lancashire, England
Died
1 March 2006(2006-03-01) (aged 53)
Tebworth, Bedfordshire, England
Occupation
Actor, singer
Years active
1964–2006
Spouse(s)
Gaynor Jones
(m. 1976; div. 1985)
Claire Harding
(m. 2005)
Jack Wild (30 September 1952 – 1 March 2006) was an English actor and singer, best known for his debut role as the Artful Dodger in Oliver!, (1968) for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor as well as Golden Globe and BAFTA nominations.
Wild is also known for his roles as Jimmy in the NBC children's television series H.R. Pufnstuf (1969) and in the accompanying 1970 feature film as well as Much the Miller's Son in Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (1991).
Jack Wild (right) with Oliver! co-star Mark Lester at the 41st Annual Academy Awards, 14 April 1969.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Entertainment career
3 Challenges
4 Career restarts
5 Death
6 Autobiography
7 Filmography
8 Discography
8.1 Albums
8.2 Singles
9 See also
10 References
11 Bibliography
12 External links
Early life[edit]
Wild was born into a working class family in a small town in Lancashire (now Greater Manchester), called Royton, near Oldham. Wild moved to Hounslow, in Middlesex, with his parents and his older brother Arthur in 1960 at the age of eight, where he got a job helping the milkman, which paid about five shillings.
He was discovered whilst playing football with his brother in the park by theatrical agent June Collins, mother of Phil Collins. Collins enrolled both Jack and Arthur at the Barbara Speake Stage School, an independent school in Acton in West London.
Entertainment career[edit]
Wild with the title character in the NBC children's series H.R. Pufnstuf, 1969
The Wild brothers sought acting roles to supplement their parents' income and, in the autumn of 1964, both were cast in a West End theatre production of Lionel Bart's Oliver!, Arthur in the title role, and Jack as a member of Fagin's gang, Charley Bates.[1] Although Jack auditioned as The Artful Dodger for several subsequent stage productions of Oliver!, he was always turned down because he was too short.[2] He stayed with the show until the spring of 1966, when he left to make the film serial Danny the Dragon for the Children's Film Foundation.[3]
Wild's first speaking roles on TV were an episode of Out of the Unknown, and the third part of the BBC’s version of the Wesker Trilogy, I’m Talking About Jerusalem. By the time Wild was chosen to portray the Artful Dodger for the 1968 movie version of Oliver! he had also appeared in episodes of Z-Cars, The Newcomers and George and the Dragon. He received critical acclaim and several nominations for his appearance as the Artful Dodger:
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer
BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer
It was at the 1968 premiere of Oliver! that Wild met brothers Sid and Marty Krofft, who thought he would make a good lead for a show they were developing called H.R. Pufnstuf. Wild starred in this American family television series that launched in 1969. He was to be paid $1,000,000[citation needed] to play "Jimmy", a boy washed up on "Living Island" (a magic island) with his best friend Freddy, a talking flute, although Jack stated in 2001 that he never received the money[citation needed]. He starred in the movie Pufnstuf (1970). Other roles followed, including the films Melody (1971) (with Oliver! co-star Mark Lester) and Flight of the Doves (1971). The latter film reunited him with Ron Moody, who had played Fagin in Oliver!. In 1972 he appeared as a stowaway in the Onedin Line episode 'A Woman Alone'.[4]
Wild also embarked on a recording career, cutting one album for Capitol Records- containing the single "Some Beautiful" that received a lot of airplay on Radio Luxembourg, but didn't chart very highly - and two for Buddah Records in the early 1970s. The three albums were called The Jack Wild Album, Everything's Coming Up Roses and Beautiful World.[5]
At the height of his acting career, Jack usually acted younger than he was. For H.R. Pufnstuf Wild was a seventeen-year-old playing a boy who was eleven.
"When I first entered in the show business," Wild said in 1999," Of course I didn't mind playing younger roles. However it did bug me when I would be twenty-one being offered the role of a thirteen-year-old. I'm not saying I didn't enjoy playing these roles; I had barrels of fun, I just wanted more serious and dramatic roles; it's that simple."
During the early 1970s, Wild was considered "one of the world's teen heartthrobs," alongside David Cassidy and Barry Williams. With large hazel eyes, a somewhat pug nose and freckles, Jack was loved and adored by many girls across the globe. "I received roughly 2,000 fan letters a week," he stated in 1989. "I never left any one of them blank. I always answered, even if I was exhausted. I really thought it was one of the most important things."
While Jack and Arthur were at Barbara Speake stage school, Jack met Welsh-born actress Gaynor Jones when they were around twelve years old. After he left the school in 1966, he didn't see her again until Christmas of 1970, when she was hosting a Christmas party. Then, after seeing her for the first time in four years, he got her telephone number and they were soon dating. They married on Valentine's Day 1976; Wild was 23 years old and Jones was 22. Afterwards, they celebrated with a honeymoon to Paris. After they returned they bought a home a few weeks later in the wealthy suburb of Richmond in London.
Challenges[edit]
Wild struggled to make the transition to adult stardom. He had begun smoking at the age of 12, and by age 17 was drinking heavily.[citation needed]
At age 21 he was already an alcoholic and a diabetic. This did not help him find acting work, and by 1976 his film career was badly stalled. In 1981 he was supposed to star with Suzi Quatro in a series about a modern-day Bonnie and Clyde for British television, but it was cancelled at the last minute. His alcoholism ruined both his career and marriage to Gaynor Jones, who left him in 1985 because of his excessive drinking.[1]
After exhausting his remaining fortune, Wild lived with his retired father for a few years.[6] His alcoholism caused three cardiac arrests and resulted in several hospital stays until he stopped drinking in 1989.[6] Wild later admitted his alcoholism was so debilitating during this period that from the late 1970s until he went sober, he was incapable of doing any kind of work.[7]
Career restarts[edit]
Wild unsuccessfully attempted various alcoholism rehabilitation programmes and finally gave up drinking on 6 March 1989 after joining Alcoholics Victorious.[7] He returned to the big screen in a few minor roles, such as in the 1991 Kevin Costner film Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves and as a peddler in Basil (1998).[2] For the most part, Wild spent the remainder of his career working in theatre. His last major appearance was as the male lead, "Mouse", in Tayla Goodman's rock musical Virus. The show ran for two weeks at the Theatre Royal, Nottingham. For his final film appearance, Wild had a minor role in Moussaka & Chips (2000), where he once again worked with Ron Moody.[2]
Death[edit]
Wild died on 1 March 2006 at age 53 after a long battle with mouth cancer, which he blamed on his drinking and/or smoking.[1][8] Diagnosed with the disease in 2000, he initially underwent chemotherapy, but later had part of his tongue and both vocal cords removed in July 2004.[1] Because of this surgery, he had lost his speech and had to communicate through his second wife, Claire Harding, whom he met when they were appearing in Jack and the Beanstalk in Worthing.[1] Wild was reportedly working on his autobiography, but died before it could be completed.[9]
Wild was interred in Toddington Parish Cemetery, Bedfordshire.[10]
Autobiography[edit]
At the time of his death, Wild and his widow, Claire Harding, had been working on his autobiography. It was completed by Claire, who explained: 'All the material was there when Jack died, it just needed rearranging, editing, and, in certain sections, writing out from transcripts Jack and I made as we recorded him talking about his life.'[11] In 2016, his autobiography, It's a Dodger's Life was finally published by Fantom Films (ISBN 978-1-78196-266-4) with a foreword by Pufnstuf co-star Billie Hayes, an afterword by Clive Francis, and an epilogue by Claire Harding.[12]
Filmography[edit]
List of acting performances in film and television
Title
Year
Alternate titles
Role
Notes
Oliver!
1968 The Artful Dodger 1st film to co-star with Mark Lester[1] and Ron Moody.
Nominated – Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
Nominated – BAFTA Award for Most Promising Newcomer
Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer
The Banana Splits Adventure Hour
1969 Jimmy TV series, 1 Season, 17 Episodes (Segment: H.R. Pufnstuf; 2 episodes unreleased)
H.R. Pufnstuf
1969 Jimmy TV series
Pufnstuf
1970 Pufnstuf Zaps the World Jimmy
Melody
1971 S.W.A.L.K. Ornshaw 2nd and last film to co-star with Mark Lester.[1]
Flight of the Doves
1971 Finn Dove 2nd film to co-star with Ron Moody.
Pied Piper, TheThe Pied Piper
1972 Gavin
The Onedin Line
1972 Peter Thompson Season 2, Episode 3. The Onedin Line 19th Century shipping BBC television drama series, 1971 to 1980.
14, TheThe 14
1973 Existence (USA)
The Wild Little Bunch (USA) Reg
Sigmund and the Sea Monsters
1973 Himself Guest Appearance
Keep It Up Downstairs
1976 Peregrine Cockshute
Alicja
1982 Mock Turtle
Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves
1991 Much the Miller's Son
Basil
1998 Peddler
Moussaka & Chips
2005 Durgen Fleece 3rd and last film to co-star with Ron Moody. Last film
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
The Jack Wild Album (1970)
Everything's Coming Up Roses (1971)
A Beautiful World (1972)
Singles[edit]
List of singles, with selected chart positions
Title
Year
Peak chart positions
UK[13]
US
"Some Beautiful"
1970 46 92
"Wait For Summer"
1970 — 115
"(Holy Moses!) Everything's Coming Up Roses"
1971 — 107
"—" denotes releases that did not chart.
See also[edit]
List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Jack Wild". The Independent. 3 March 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Jack Wild - Biography". IMDb. Amazon.com. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Official Jack Wild Website - Theatre Work".
Jump up ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0666471/?ref_=ttfc_fc_cl_i123
Jump up ^ "Jack Wild: Albums". CMT.com. MTV Networks. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jack Wild". The Daily Telegraph. London. 3 March 2006. ISSN 0307-1235. OCLC 49632006. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Ian Wylie (29 December 2004). "Jack's Wild life | Manchester Evening News". menmedia.co.uk. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
Jump up ^ "My lifestyle caused my mouth cancer". BBC News, Health. BBC. 16 November 2005. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "Oliver! star Jack Wild dies at 53". BBC. 2006-03-02. Retrieved 2016-04-10.
Jump up ^ "Jack Wild (1952 - 2006)". Find A Grave. 2 March 2006. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
Jump up ^ Wild, Jack (2016). It’s a Dodger’s Life. Fantom Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78196-266-4.
Jump up ^ Published by Fantom Films (ISBN 978-1-78196-266-4)
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 601. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Bibliography[edit]
Wild, Jack. Autobiography: It's A Dodger's Life, Fantom Films 2016. Hardback edition ISBN 978-1-78196-266-4
Holmstrom, John. The Moving Picture Boy: An International Encyclopaedia from 1895 to 1995, Norwich, Michael Russell, 1996, p. 296.
Dye, David. Child and Youth Actors: Filmography of Their Entire Careers, 1914-1985. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1988, p. 239.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jack Wild.
Jack Wild Official Website
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 34669634
LCCN: n91086654
ISNI: 0000 0001 2127 5896
GND: 143093649
SUDOC: 14314443X
BNF: cb14239104h (data)
MusicBrainz: 326f9dd2-8cff-4907-afbd-b404326f1594
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_Wild&oldid=826564304"
Categories:
1952 births
2006 deaths
Deaths from cancer in England
Deaths from oral cancer
English male child actors
English male film actors
English male television actors
People from Royton
Male actors from Manchester
20th-century English male actors
Hidden categories:
Use British English from March 2014
Use dmy dates from March 2014
Articles with hCards
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017
Articles needing additional references from March 2009
All articles needing additional references
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
تۆرکجه
Català
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
Nederlands
日本語
Português
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
Edit links
This page was last edited on 19 February 2018, at 21:12.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: td

attrs: href title

values:
/wiki/Best_Supporting_Actor_Oscar
mw-redirect
Best Supporting Actor Oscar

values:
/wiki/The_Artful_Dodger
mw-redirect
The Artful Dodger

values: Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year – Actor

values:
/wiki/BAFTA_Award_for_Best_Newcomer
mw-redirect
BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Onedin_Line
mw-redirect
Onedin Line

values:
/wiki/Vocal_cords
mw-redirect
Vocal cords

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: wikitable sortable plainrowheaders jquery-tablesorter

values:
/wiki/Everything%27s_Coming_Up_Roses
mw-redirect
Everything's Coming Up Roses

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0928349/bio

values:
nofollow
http://www.jackwild.info/theatre-work/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/49632006

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
nofollow
http://www.jackwild.info/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/34669634

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000121275896

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/143093649

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.idref.fr/14314443X

values: Category:20th-century English male actors

values: Category:Use British English from March 2014

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from March 2009

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Jack_Wild
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values: جک وایلد – Persian

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values: ג'ק ויילד – Hebrew

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values: ジャック・ワイルド – Japanese

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values: Уайлд, Джек – Russian

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Wild
Jack Wild – Tagalog
tl
tl
interlanguage-link-target

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Jack_Wild rootpage-Jack_Wild skin-vector action-view


text:
Primary color
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is about colors. For other uses, see Primary Colors.
The emission spectra of the three phosphors that define the additive primary colors of a CRT color video display. Other electronic color display technologies (LCD, Plasma display, OLED) have analogous sets of primaries with different emission spectra.
A set of primary colors is, most tangibly, a set of real colorants or colored lights that can be combined in varying amounts to produce a gamut of colors. This is the essential method used in applications that are intended to elicit the perception of diverse sets of color, e.g. electronic displays, color printing, and paintings. Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors are predicted by applying the appropriate mixing model (additive, subtractive, additive averaging etc.) that embodies the underlying physics of how light interacts with the media and ultimately the retina.
Primary colors can also be conceptual, either as additive mathematical elements of a color space or as irreducible phenomenological categories in domains such as psychology and philosophy.[1] Color-space primaries are precisely defined and empirically rooted in psychophysical color matching experiments which are foundational for understanding color vision. Primaries of some color spaces are complete (that is, all visible colors are described in terms of their weighted sums with nonnegative weights) but necessarily imaginary[2] (that is, there is no plausible way that those primary colors could be represented physically, or perceived). Describing primary colors from a phenomenological perspective is difficult to do succinctly, but phenomenological accounts, such as the psychological primaries,[3] have led to practically useful insights.
All sets of real and color-space primaries are arbitrary, in the sense that there is no one set of primaries that can be considered the canonical set. Primary pigments or light sources selected for a given application on the basis of subjective preferences as well as practical factors such as cost, stability, availability etc. Color-space primaries can be subjected to meaningful one-to-one transformations so that the transformed space is still complete and each color is specified with a unique sum.
Elementary art education materials,[4] dictionaries,[5][6] and electronic search engines[7] often define primary colors effectively as conceptual colors (generally red, yellow, and blue; or red, green, and blue) that can be used to mix "all" other colors and often go further and suggest that these conceptual colors correspond to specific hues and precise wavelengths. Such sources do not present a coherent, consistent definition of primary colors since real primaries cannot be complete.[8]
A photograph of the red, green, and blue elements (subpixels) of an LCD. Additive mixing explains how light from these colored elements can be used for photorealistic color image reproduction.
Contents
[hide]
1 Additive mixing of light
2 Subtractive mixing of ink layers
3 Mixing paints in limited palettes
4 Color-space primaries
5 Psychological primaries
6 History
7 See also
8 References
Additive mixing of light[edit]
The perception elicited by multiple light sources co-stimulating the same area of the retina is additive, i.e., predicted via summing the spectral power distributions or tristimulus values of the individual light sources (assuming a color matching context). For example, a purple spotlight on a dark background could be matched with coincident blue and red spotlights that are both dimmer than the purple spotlight. If the intensity of the purple spotlight was doubled it could be matched by doubling the intensities of both the red and blue spotlights that matched the original purple. The principles of additive color mixing are embodied in Grassmann's laws.[9]
Additive mixing of coincident spot lights was applied in the experiments used to derive the CIE 1931 colorspace. The original monochromatic primaries of the (arbitrary) wavelengths of 435.8 nm (violet), 546.1 nm (green), and 700 nm (red) were used in this application due to the convenience they afforded to the experimental work.[10]
Red, green, and blue light are the ideal primaries for additive color mixing since primary lights with those hues provide the largest triangular chromaticity gamuts. Small red, green, and blue elements in electronic displays mix additively from an appropriate viewing distance to synthesize compelling colored images.[11]
The exact colors chosen for additive primaries are a technological compromise between the available phosphors (including considerations such as cost and power usage) and the need for large chromaticity gamut. The ITU-R BT.709-5/sRGB primaries are typical.
It is important to note that additive mixing provides very poor predictions of color perception outside the color matching context. Well known demonstrations such as The dress and other examples[12] show how the additive mixing model alone is not sufficient for predicting perceived color in many instances of real images. In general, we cannot completely predict all possible perceived colors from combinations of primary lights in the context of real world images and viewing conditions. The cited examples suggest just how remarkably poor such predictions can be.
Subtractive mixing of ink layers[edit]
See also: CMYK color model
A magnified representation of small partially overlapping spots of cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black) halftones in CMYK process printing. Each row represents the pattern of partially overlapping ink "rosettes" so that the patterns would be perceived as blue, green, and red when viewed on white paper from a typical viewing distance. The overlapping ink layers mix subtractively while additive mixing predicts the color appearance from the light reflected from the rosettes and white paper in between them.
The subtractive color mixing model predicts the spectral power distributions of light filtered through overlaid partially absorbing materials on a reflecting or transparent surface. Each layer partially absorbs some wavelengths of light from the illumination spectrum while letting others pass through multiplicatively, resulting in a colored appearance. Overlapping layers of ink in printing mix subtractively over reflecting white paper in this way to generate photorealistic color images. The typical number of inks in such a printing process ranges from 3 to 6 (e.g., CMYK process, Pantone hexachrome). In general, using fewer inks as primaries results in more economical printing but using more may result in better color reproduction.
Cyan, magenta, and yellow are good subtractive primaries in that the spectral power distributions of light reflected from idealized inks can be combined for the largest chromaticity gamuts.[13] An additional key ink (shorthand for the key printing plate that impressed the artistic detail of an image, usually black[14]) is also usually used since it is difficult to mix a dark enough black ink using the other three inks. Before the color names cyan and magenta were in common use, these primaries were often known as blue and red, respectively, and their exact color has changed over time with access to new pigments and technologies.[15]
Mixing paints in limited palettes[edit]
A self-portrait by Anders Zorn clearly showing a four pigment palette of what are thought to be white, yellow ochre, red vermilion and black pigments.[16]
The color of light (i.e., the spectral power distribution) reflected from illuminated surfaces coated in paint mixes, slurries of pigment particles, is not well approximated by a subtractive or additive mixing model. Color predictions that incorporate light scattering effects of pigment particles and paint layer thickness require approaches based on the Kubelka–Munk[17] equations. Even such approaches cannot predict the color of paint mixtures precisely since small variances in particle size distribution, impurity concentrations etc. can be difficult to measure but impart perceptible effects on the way light is reflected from the paint. Artists typically rely on mixing experience and "recipes"[18] to mix desired colors from a small initial set of primaries and do not use mathematical modelling.
There are hundreds of commercially available pigments for visual artists to use and mix (in various media such as oil, watercolor, acrylic, and pastel). A common approach is to use just a limited palette of primary pigments[19] (often between four and eight) that can be physically mixed to any color that the artist desires in the final work. There is no specific set of pigments that are primary colors, the choice of pigments depends entirely on the artist's subjective preference of subject and style of art as well as material considerations like lightfastness and mixing heuristics. Contemporary classical realists have often advocated that a limited palette of white, red, yellow, and black pigment (often described as the "Zorn palette") is sufficient for compelling work.[20]
A chromaticity diagram can illustrate the gamut of different choices of primaries, for example showing which colors are lost (and gained) if you use RGB for subtractive color mixing (instead of CMY).[21]
Color-space primaries[edit]
A contemporary description of the color vision system provides an understanding of primary colors that is consistent with modern color science. The human eye normally contains only three types of color photoreceptors, known as long-wavelength (L), medium-wavelength (M), and short-wavelength (S) cone cells. These photoreceptor types respond to different degrees across visible electromagnetic spectrum. The S cone response is generally assumed to be negligible at long wavelengths greater than about 560 nm while the L and M cones respond across the entire visible spectrum.[22] The LMS primaries are imaginary since there is no visible wavelength that stimulates only one type of cone (i.e., humans cannot normally see a color that corresponds to pure L, M or S stimulation). The LMS primaries are complete since every visible color can be mapped to a triplet specifying the coordinates in LMS color space.
Normalized cone spectral sensitivity curves
The L, M and S response curves (cone fundamentals) were deduced from color matching functions obtained from controlled color matching experiments (e.g., CIE 1931) where observers matched the color of a surface illuminated by monochromatic light with mixtures of three monochromatic primary lights illuminating a juxtaposed surface. Practical applications generally use a canonical linear transformation of LMS space known as CIEXYZ. The X, Y, and Z primaries are typically more useful since luminance (Y) is specified separately from a color's chromaticity. Any color space primaries which can be mapped to physiologically relevant LMS primaries by a linear transformation are necessarily either imaginary or incomplete or both. The color-matching context is always three dimensional (since LMS space is three dimensional) but more general color appearance models like CIECAM02 describe color in six dimensions and can be used to predict how colors appear under different viewing conditions.
Thus for trichromats like humans, we use three (or more) primaries for most general purposes.[23] Two primaries would be unable to produce even some of the most common among the named colors. Adding a reasonable choice of third primary can drastically increase the available gamut, while adding a fourth or fifth may increase the gamut but typically not by as much.
Most placental mammals other than primates have only two types of color photoreceptor and are therefore dichromats, so it is possible that certain combinations of just two primaries might cover some significant gamut relative to the range of their color perception. Meanwhile, birds and marsupials have four color photoreceptors in their eyes, and hence are tetrachromats. There is one scholarly report of a functional human tetrachromat.[24]
The presence of photoreceptor cell types in an organism's eyes do not directly imply that they are being used to functionally perceive color. Measuring functional spectral discrimination in non-human animals is challenging due to the difficulty in performing psychophysical experiments on creatures with limited behavioral repertoires who cannot respond using language. Limitations in the discriminative ability of shrimp having twelve distinct color photoreceptors have demonstrated that having more cell types in itself need not always correlate with better functional color vision.[25]
Psychological primaries[edit]
Approximations within the sRGB gamut to the "aim colors" of the Natural Color System, a model based on the opponent process theory of color vision.
Main article: Opponent process
The opponent process is a color theory that states that the human visual system interprets information about color by processing signals from cones and rods in an antagonistic manner. The theory states that every color can be described as a mix along the three axes of red vs. green, blue vs. yellow and white vs. black. The six colors from the pairs might be called "psychological primary colors", because any other color could be described in terms of some combination of these pairs. Although there is a great deal of evidence for opponency in the form of neural mechanisms,[26] there is currently no clear mapping of the psychological primaries to neural substrates.[27]
The three axes of the psychological primaries were applied by Richard S. Hunter as the primaries for the colorspace ultimately known as CIELAB. The Natural Color System is also directly inspired by the psychological primaries.[28]
History[edit]
There are numerous competing primary colour systems throughout history. Scholars and scientists engaged in debate over which hues best describe the primary color sensations of the eye.[29] Thomas Young proposed red, green, and violet as the three primary colors, while James Clerk Maxwell favoured changing violet to blue. Hermann von Helmholtz proposed "a slightly purplish red, a vegetation-green, slightly yellowish, and an ultramarine-blue" as a trio.[30] In modern understanding, human cone cells do not correspond precisely to a specific set of primary colors, as each cone type responds to a relatively broad range of wavelengths.
See also[edit]
Color vision
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Beran, Ondrej (2014). "The Essence (?) of Color, According to Wittgenstein". From the ALWS archives: A selection of papers from the International Wittgenstein Symposia in Kirchberg am Wechsel.
Jump up ^ Bruce MacEvoy. "Do 'Primary' Colors Exist?" (imaginary or imperfect primaries section). Handprint. Accessed 10 August 2007.
Jump up ^ Goldstein, E. Bruce; Brockmole, James (2016). Sensation and Perception. Cengage Learning. p. 206. ISBN 9781305888326.
Jump up ^ "Color". www.nga.gov. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "primary color | Definition of primary color in US English by Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Definition of PRIMARY COLOR". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Wolfram|Alpha - Primary colors". www.wolframalpha.com. Retrieved 10 December 2017.
Jump up ^ Westland, Stephen (2016). Handbook of Visual Display Technology | Janglin Chen | Springer (PDF). Springer International Publishing. p. 162. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
Jump up ^ Reinhard, Erik; Khan, Arif; Akyuz, Ahmet; Johnson, Garrett (2008). Color imaging : fundamentals and applications. Wellesley, Mass: A.K. Peters. pp. 364–365. ISBN 9781568813448. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
Jump up ^ Fairman, Hugh S.; Brill, Michael H.; Hemmendinger, Henry (February 1997). "How the CIE 1931 color-matching functions were derived from Wright-Guild data". Color Research & Application. 22 (1): 11–23. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6378(199702)22:1<11::AID-COL4>3.0.CO;2-7.
Jump up ^ Thomas D. Rossing & Christopher J. Chiaverina (1999). Light science: physics and the visual arts. Birkhäuser. p. 178. ISBN 978-0-387-98827-6.
Jump up ^ Kircher, Madison Malone. "This Baffling Picture of Strawberries Actually Doesn't Contain Any Red Pixels". Ney York Magazine. Retrieved 21 February 2018.
Jump up ^ MacEvoy, Bruce. "subtractive color mixing". Handprint. Retrieved 7 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Frank S. Henry (1917). Printing for School and Shop: A Textbook for Printers' Apprentices, Continuation Classes, and for General use in Schools. John Wiley & Sons.
Jump up ^ Ervin Sidney Ferry (1921). General Physics and Its Application to Industry and Everyday Life. John Wiley & Sons.
Jump up ^ Nyholm, Arvid (1914). "Anders Zorn: The Artist and the Man". Fine Arts Journal. 31 (4): 469. doi:10.2307/25587278.
Jump up ^ Kubelka, Paul; Munk, Franz (1931). "An article on optics of paint layers" (PDF). Z. Tech. Phys. 12: 593–601.
Jump up ^ MacEvoy, Bruce. "Mixing Green". Handprint. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Bruce, MacEvoy. "The Artists' "Primaries"". Handprint. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Gurney. "The Zorn Palette". Gurney Journey. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
Jump up ^ Steven Westland, "subtractive mixing – why not RGB?", October 4, 2009 http://colourware.org/2009/10/04/subtractive-mixing-why-not-rgb/
Jump up ^ Stockman, Andrew; Sharpe, Lindsay, T. (2006). "Physiologically-based colour matching functions" (PDF). Proceedings of the ISCC/CIE Expert Symposium '06: 75 Years of the CIE Standard Colorimetric Observer: 13–20.
Jump up ^ Best, Janet (2017). Colour Design: Theories and Applications. p. 9. ISBN 9780081018897.
Jump up ^ Jordan, G.; Deeb, S. S.; Bosten, J. M.; Mollon, J. D. (20 July 2010). "The dimensionality of color vision in carriers of anomalous trichromacy". Journal of Vision. 10 (8): 12–12. doi:10.1167/10.8.12.
Jump up ^ Morrison, Jessica (23 January 2014). "Mantis shrimp's super colour vision debunked". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2014.14578.
Jump up ^ Conway, Bevil R. (12 May 2009). "Color Vision, Cones, and Color-Coding in the Cortex". The Neuroscientist. 15 (3): 274–290. doi:10.1177/1073858408331369.
Jump up ^ Cohen, Jonathan; editors, Mohan Matthen, (2010). Color ontology and color science (New ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. pp. 159–162. ISBN 9780262513753.
Jump up ^ Maffi, ed. by C.L. Hardin [and] Luisa (1997). Color categories in thought and language (1. publ. ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 163–192. ISBN 978-0521498005. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Edward Albert Sharpey-Schäfer (1900). Text-book of physiology. 2. Y. J. Pentland. p. 1107.
Jump up ^ Alfred Daniell (1904). A text book of the principles of physics. Macmillan and Co. p. 575.
hide
v
t
e
Color topics
Red
Orange
Yellow
Green
Cyan
Blue
Indigo
Violet
Purple
Magenta
Pink
Brown
White
Gray
Black
Color science
Color physics
Electromagnetic spectrum
Light
Rainbow
Visible
Spectral colors
Chromophore
Structural coloration
Animal coloration
On Vision and Colors
Metamerism
Spectral power distribution
Color perception
Color vision
Color blindness
Achromatopsia
test
Tetrachromacy
Color constancy
Color term
Color depth
Color photography
Spot color
Color printing
Web colors
Color mapping
Color code
Color management
Chrominance
False color
Chroma key
Color balance
Color cast
Color temperature
Eigengrau
Color psychology
Color symbolism
Color preferences
Lüscher color test
Kruithof curve
Political color
National colors
Chromophobia
Chromotherapy
Color
philosophy
Color space
Color model
additive
subtractive
Color mixing
Primary color
Secondary color
Tertiary color (intermediate)
Quaternary color
Quinary color
Aggressive color (warm)
Receding color (cool)
Pastel colors
Color gradient
Color scheme
Color tool
Monochromatic colors
Complementary colors
Analogous colors
Achromatic colors (Neutral)
Polychromatic colors
Impossible colors
Light-on-dark
Tinctures in heraldry
Color theory
Chromaticity diagram
Color solid
Color wheel
Color triangle
Color analysis (art)
Color realism (art style)
Color terms
Basic terms
Blue
Green
Red
Yellow
Pink
Purple
Orange
Black
Gray
White
Brown
Cultural differences
Linguistic relativity and the color naming debate
Blue–green distinction in language
Color history
Color in Chinese culture
Traditional colors of Japan
Human skin color
Color dimensions
Hue
Dichromatism
Colorfulness (chroma and saturation)
Tints and shades
Lightness (tone and value)
Grayscale
Color
organizations
Pantone
Color Marketing Group
The Color Association of the United States
International Colour Authority
International Commission on Illumination (CIE)
International Color Consortium
International Colour Association
Lists
List of colors: A–F
List of colors: G–M
List of colors: N–Z
List of colors (compact)
List of colors by shade
List of color palettes
List of color spaces
List of Crayola crayon colors
history
pencil colors
marker colors
Color chart
List of fictional colors
List of RAL colors
List of web colors
Related
Vision
Image processing
Multi-primary color display
Quattron
Qualia
Lighting
Local color (visual art)
Category
Portal
Index of color-related articles
show
v
t
e
Photography
Outline
Terminology
35 mm equivalent focal length
Angle of view
Aperture
Black and white
Chromatic aberration
Circle of confusion
Color balance
Color temperature
Depth of field
Depth of focus
Exposure
Exposure compensation
Exposure value
Zebra patterning
F-number
Film format
Large
Medium
Film speed
Focal length
Guide number
Hyperfocal distance
Metering mode
Orb (optics)
Perspective distortion
Photograph
Photographic printing
Photographic processes
Reciprocity
Red-eye effect
Science of photography
Shutter speed
Sync
Zone System
Genres
Abstract
Aerial
Architectural
Astrophotography
Banquet
Conceptual
Conservation
Cloudscape
Documentary
Ethnographic
Erotic
Fashion
Fine-art
Fire
Forensic
Glamour
High-speed
Landscape
Lomography
Nature
Neues Sehen
Nude
Photojournalism
Pornography
Portrait
Post-mortem
Selfie
Social documentary
Sports
Still life
Stock
Street
Vernacular
Underwater
Wedding
Wildlife
Techniques
Afocal
Bokeh
Brenizer
Burst mode
Contre-jour
Cyanotype
ETTR
Fill flash
Fireworks
Harris shutter
HDRI
High-speed
Holography
Infrared
Intentional camera movement
Kirlian
Kite aerial
Long-exposure
Macro
Mordançage
Multiple exposure
Night
Panning
Panoramic
Photogram
Print toning
Redscale
Rephotography
Rollout
Scanography
Schlieren photography
Sabatier effect
Slow motion
Stereoscopy
Stopping down
Strip
Slit-scan
Sun printing
Tilt–shift
Miniature faking
Time-lapse
Ultraviolet
Vignetting
Xerography
Composition
Diagonal method
Framing
Headroom
Lead room
Rule of thirds
Simplicity
Golden triangle (composition)
Equipment
Camera
light-field
field
instant
pinhole
press
rangefinder
SLR
still
TLR
toy
view
Darkroom
enlarger
safelight
Film
base
format
holder
stock
Filter
Flash
beauty dish
cucoloris
gobo
hood
hot shoe
monolight
Reflector
snoot
Softbox
Lens
Wide-angle lens
Zoom lens
Telephoto lens
Manufacturers
Monopod
Movie projector
Slide projector
Tripod
head
Zone plate
History
Timeline of photography technology
Analog photography
Autochrome Lumière
Box camera
Calotype
Camera obscura
Daguerreotype
Dufaycolor
Heliography
Painted photography backdrops
Photography and the law
Glass plate
Visual arts
Digital
photography
Digital camera
D-SLR
comparison
MILC
camera back
Digiscoping
Digital versus film photography
Film scanner
Image sensor
CMOS APS
CCD
Three-CCD camera
Foveon X3 sensor
Image sharing
Pixel
Color
photography
Color
Print film
Reversal film
Color management
color space
primary color
CMYK color model
RGB color model
Photographic
processing
Bleach bypass
C-41 process
Cross processing
Developer
Digital image processing
Dye coupler
E-6 process
Fixer
Gelatin silver process
Gum printing
Instant film
K-14 process
Print permanence
Push processing
Stop bath
Lists
Most expensive photographs
Photographers
Norwegian
Polish
street
women
Category
Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Primary_color&oldid=845909045"
Categories:
Color
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Asturianu
বাংলা
Català
Dansk
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
Қазақша
Kreyòl ayisyen
Latina
മലയാളം
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Occitan
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Simple English
Soomaaliga
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Українська
Tiếng Việt
粵語
中文
34 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 14 June 2018, at 23:33.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Primary_Colors_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Primary Colors (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

values:
/wiki/Emission_spectra
mw-redirect
Emission spectra

value: b

values: /wiki/LCD mw-redirect LCD

values:
/wiki/Additive_mixing
mw-redirect
Additive mixing

values:
/wiki/Subtractive_mixing
mw-redirect
Subtractive mixing

values:
/wiki/Grassmann%27s_law_(optics)
mw-redirect
Grassmann's law (optics)

values: Edit section: Subtractive mixing of ink layers

values: Edit section: Mixing paints in limited palettes

values:
/wiki/Yellow_ochre
mw-redirect
Yellow ochre

values:
/wiki/Chromaticity_diagram
mw-redirect
Chromaticity diagram

values:
/wiki/Color_science
mw-redirect
Color science

values:
/wiki/Placental_mammal
mw-redirect
Placental mammal

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F25587278

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1167%2F10.8.12

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature.2014.14578

values: Category:CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
*_Red
*_Orange
*_Yellow
*_Green
*_Cyan
*_Blue
*_Indigo
*_Violet
*_Purple
*_Magenta
*_Pink
*_Brown
*_White
*_Gray
*_Black

values:
/wiki/Political_color
mw-redirect
Political color

values:
/wiki/National_colors
mw-redirect
National colors

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
navbox-image
6
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Basic_color_term
mw-redirect
Basic color term

values: The Color Association of the United States

values: International Commission on Illumination

values:
/wiki/Image_processing
mw-redirect
Image processing

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: navigation navbox Photography padding:3px

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Primary_color
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: لون أولي – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values: মূল রং – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values: Βασικά χρώματα – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values: رنگ‌های اصلی – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ga
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Հիմնական գույներ – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: प्राथमिक रंग – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: צבע יסוד – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jv
display: none;

values: Негізгі түстер – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ht
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values: പ്രാഥമികവർണ്ണങ്ങൾ – Malayalam

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-oc
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Основные цвета – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-so
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-su
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: แม่สี – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: Основні кольори – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Primary_color rootpage-Primary_color skin-vector action-view


text:
The Price Is Right
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about The Price Is Right franchise. For the American version airing since 1972, see The Price Is Right (U.S. game show). For other uses, see The Price Is Right (disambiguation).
[hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages)
This article may contain too many colloquial terms, phrases or words. These concerns ought to be addressed or reviewed. Specific concerns may be found on the talk page. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (December 2010)
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
(Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Price Is Right is a television game show franchise originally produced by Mark Goodson and Bill Todman, and created by Bob Stewart, and is currently produced and owned by FremantleMedia (Endemol in Netherlands). The franchise centers on television game shows, but also includes merchandise such as video games, printed media and board games. The franchise began in 1956 as a television game show hosted by Bill Cullen and was revamped in 1972. This version was originally hosted by Bob Barker. Since 2007, Drew Carey has hosted the program.
In the show, contestants compete to win cash and prizes by guessing the pricing of merchandise. The program has been critically successful and remains a stalwart in the television ratings.[1] It also managed to break away from the quiz show format that has been used in other game shows.[2] Since the current version premiered, it has also been adapted in several international formats around the world, most notably in the United Kingdom, Australia and Mexico.
In 2013, TV Guide ranked it No. 5 in its list of the 60 greatest game shows ever.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 1956–1965
2 1972–present
2.1 Format
2.2 History
2.3 Broadcast history
2.3.1 Specials
2.4 Licensed merchandise
3 International versions
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
1956–1965[edit]
Main article: The Price Is Right (1956 U.S. game show)
The original version of The Price Is Right was first broadcast on NBC, and later ABC, from 1956 to 1965. Hosted by Bill Cullen, it involved four contestants bidding on a wide array of merchandise prizes, whose values ranged anywhere from a few dollars, (in many cases, "bonus" prizes were attached after the fact, to the winner) to thousands, doing so in the manner of auctions except that Cullen did not act out the role of auctioneer. Instead, contestants tried to bid closest to the product's actual retail price without going over that price. Depending on the prize, contestants were allowed, in proper turn, to make multiple bids; or only allowed one bid. In the case of the former, each contestant in-turn bid on the displayed item until a buzzer sounded. They could make a final bid, or "freeze." The contestant whose bid was closest to the correct value of the prize – and had not gone over that value – won it. There was also a special game set aside for the home viewer, which offered several prizes in a package, which usually included a luxury vacation trip, and/or a new car as part of the package. Viewers submitted their bids via post cards; the winner was announced on the air. At the end of each episode, the contestant who had won the most (by dollar value) was declared the winner and became the returning champion, entitled to play again in the next episode.
This version began as part of NBC's daytime schedule. An alleged series of technical problems made the pilot episode look bad enough for NBC to decline buying the show, but after an appeal from the producers, citing the fact that at that time all TV shows were given up to an initial 13 weeks to succeed or fail, it aired anyway. It became successful enough to warrant a second version of the series, beginning on prime time in the fall of 1957. Shown weekly, that version had the distinction of being the first TV game show to be broadcast in color.[4] After being a Top-10 prime time show for some time its ratings gradually but noticeably declined, and by 1963 NBC canceled it, only to be picked up by ABC. ABC's primetime version ran for one full season (1963–64), and the daytime version ended in 1965.
1972–present[edit]
Main article: The Price Is Right (U.S. game show)
Format[edit]
Since 1972, the current version of The Price Is Right uses the same structure:
One Bid, where four players attempt to bid on an initial prize, being as close as possible without going over; the player closest to the price gets the opportunity to play a pricing game. The first four players are called from the studio audience at the start of the show in Contestant's Row to play One Bid, and after each pricing game, a new player is called to fill the slot.
Pricing games, where the contestant plays for a range of prizes, frequently money or automobiles, with most games based on the player's knowledge of the retail price of these items.
The Showcase, where the two top players of the day are shown two showcases, collections of several prizes. The player with the highest winnings to that point gets the option of either bidding on the first showcase show, or otherwise passing that to the other player who must bid on it; the second showcase is then bid on by the remaining player. The player who is closest to the retail price of the showcase without going over wins the showcase; it is possible to win both showcases by being very close to the actual price, while if both players overbid, neither showcase is won.
When the new format debuted as The New Price Is Right, shows were thirty minutes in length: three pricing games were played and the two contestants with the highest winnings entered the Showcase. By June 1973, the show was renamed back to The Price is Right.
The show was expanded into an hour-long format on November 3, 1975. This allowed for six pricing games to be played. A new feature, the Showcase Showdown, was added to select which players would play in the Showcase. It is used after the first three players completed their pricing games to select one player from this set, and after the next three. In the Showdown, each player is given two chance to spin a wheel which has a monetary amounts from 5 cents to 1 dollar by 5 cent increments. The goal was to be the closest to one dollar from both spins without going over; a player can opt to not spin a second time. Additional prize money can be won if the player make a total of one dollar exactly with either one or both spins, and even a larger amount if they could can a bonus spin on marked spaces on the wheel.
History[edit]
The series debuted September 4, 1972, in two forms: a daily version on CBS with Bob Barker as host, and a weekly version, eventually dubbed "the nighttime Price Is Right," hosted by Dennis James and airing in first-run syndication. Barker took over the nighttime version in 1977 (which remained a half-hour in length throughout its existence) and hosted both until the nighttime version was discontinued in 1980. The syndicated nighttime version returned five years later, with Tom Kennedy as host and running five days a week. This version ran for one season.
Barker hosted the program from its debut until June 15, 2007. During his 35 years as host, Barker won numerous awards and honors including Daytime Emmys and a Lifetime Achievement Award. Directors of the show included Marc Breslow, Paul Alter, and Bart Eskander, with Eskander receiving a Daytime Emmy for Outstanding Direction of a Game Show. Producer Roger Dobkowitz won a Daytime Emmy for his work on the show, which included the development of many of the show's games that are still being played today.
After a season-long search for a successor, Drew Carey took the helm of the show, with production resuming in August 2007, and his first episode airing on October 15. It is believed to be the longest-running game show on television (the Spanish-language variety show Sábado Gigante ended on September 19, 2015).[5][6] It is also the longest running game show airing episodes five days-per-week in the world. The Price Is Right is one of two game show franchises (along with To Tell the Truth) to be seen nationally in either first-run network or syndication airings in the U.S. in every decade from the 1950s onward. CBS has occasionally aired extra episodes of the show for short periods between the cancellation of one daytime program and the premiere of its successor. On occasion since 1986, special episodes have aired during prime time hours, most notably to fill in gaps between the Survivor series, and during the 2007–08 Writers Guild of America strike.
On September 22, 2008, Terry Kneiss made game show history by bidding the exact amount of his $23,743 showcase. Taping of the show immediately stopped, with Carey and show staffers concerned that cheating was taking place. It was later learned that—by constantly watching the show, noticing the frequency of certain products showing up on the show, and using statistical analysis—Kneiss and his wife Linda, who was in the studio audience, had legitimately determined the exact prices of the items in the showcase. Kneiss was awarded the prizes, and the show subsequently discontinued featuring certain products.[7]
On April Fools' Day in 2014, Craig Ferguson and Carey switched hosting duties, with Carey hosting The Late Late Show and Ferguson taking over the hosting duties on The Price Is Right. The episode also featured Shadoe Stevens as announcer. Barker appeared on the April Fools' Day episode in 2015, hosting the first item up for bids and the first pricing game, with Carey hosting the remainder of the episode.[8][9]
Broadcast history[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Duration
Host
Notes
CBS
1972–2007 Bob Barker
2007–present Drew Carey
Syndication
1972–77 Dennis James Weekly series
1977–80 Bob Barker Weekly series
1985–86 Tom Kennedy Daily series. Referred to on-air as "the nighttime Price Is Right"
1994–95 Doug Davidson Daily series, The New Price Is Right
Specials[edit]
Primetime episodes have been ordered by CBS on occasion since 1986. The first, The Price Is Right Special, was a six-week summer series which aired on CBS in 1986, hosted by Barker. In 2002, the show celebrated its 30th year with a Las Vegas special.
Later in 2002, the show began its current line of primetime episodes (known as #xxxSP in show codes). Six special episodes titled The Price Is Right Salutes aired in primetime, saluting the branches of the United States armed forces, and for the police and firefighters of America in the wake of the September 11 attacks became the first in the canon. The Price Is Right $1,000,000 Spectacular (#007SP-#033SP) was a series of primetime specials airing from 2003 until 2008 featuring chances at winning $1,000,000, as well as more expensive prizes than on the daytime counterpart.
Two daytime episodes aired in primetime. Episode #4035K (June 15, 2007, season finale and Bob Barker's final episode) was rebroadcast in primetime after airing that morning, leading to the Daytime Emmy Awards. Episode #4512K, the show's military special, originally intended for November 11, 2008, became the first daytime episode scheduled to originally air in primetime when it was moved to November 14.
The Celebrity Week format in daytime where a celebrity plays along with contestants was adopted for the next series of primetime episodes, which are part of the same series as the 2002 Salutes and 2003–08 $1,000,000 Spectaculars (#034SP-#036SP). These shows used former participants on the network's three primetime reality game shows (Survivor, The Amazing Race and Big Brother) who joined contestants as teams. The three-night special aired May 23–25, 2016.[10]
Licensed merchandise[edit]
Endless Games, which in the past has produced board games based on several other game shows, including The Newlywed Game and Million Dollar Password, distributes home versions of The Price Is Right, featuring the voice of Rich Fields, including a DVD edition and a Quick Picks travel-size edition. Ubisoft also released a video game version of the show for the PC, Nintendo DS, and Wii console on September 9, 2008. An updated version of the game (The Price Is Right: 2010 Edition) was released on September 22, 2009. Both versions feature the voice of Rich Fields, who was the show's announcer at the time of the release of the video games in question.
In September 2010, Ludia released the official Facebook version of The Price Is Right game. The game had two million monthly active users only two months after the launch.[11]
In October 2011, Ludia (now owned by RTL Group) released The Price Is Right Decades, a video game featuring production elements from various decades of the show, for the Wii, mobile devices, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360 to celebrate their 40 years on the CBS network.
International versions[edit]
The 1972 revised format appeared on Australian television the following year and debuted in the U.K. in 1984. The format has also been adapted elsewhere around the world. Hosts and models from the versions in other countries have made appearances on the U.S. version, usually sitting in the audience and acknowledged by the host during the broadcast. Barker and then-music-director Stan Blits appeared on the Carlo Boszhard-hosted Cash en Carlo at the start of the 200th episode.
Currently airing Ended
Country
Title
Network
Host
Duration dates
Notes
Argentina El Precio Justo Azul Televisión Frenando Bravo 1999–2000 Used a similar set to U.S. version and a similar logo to French version
Australia The Price Is Right ATN-7 (1957–59)
GTV-9 (1958)
Seven Network (1963)
Network Ten (1973–74) Bruce Beeby (1957)
Geoff Manion (1958)
Keith Walshe (1959)
Horrie Dargie (1963)
Garry Meadows (1973–74) 1957–74 Original series
The Price Is Right Seven Network (1981–86, 2012)
Network Ten (1989)
Nine Network (1993–98, 2003–05) Ian Turpie (1981–86, 1989)
Larry Emdur (1993–98, 2003–05, 2012) September 7, 1981 – November 24, 2005
May 7, 2012 – December 19, 2012 Both versions feature similar elements to U.S. version: the "Double Bullseye" playoff and a pricing game similar to the current U.S.'s "Easy as 1 2 3" are used for the Showcase
Belgium De Juiste Prijs
Le Juste Prix VTM
RTL-TVI Jan Theys (1990–92)
Koen Wauters (2010)
Michaël Dufour (2010) 1990–92
2010 Both versions feature similar elements to French version
Brazil O Preço Certo
O Preço Certo SBT
Rede Record Silvio Santos
Juan Alba 1980s
October 2009 – June 2010 Juan Alba's version used a similar set to the UK Joe Pasquale's show (and the French show) and the same theme tune as the UK, while Silvio Santos' version used similar elements to U.S. show
Bulgaria Това е цената
Tova e Cenata
This is the price bTV Veselin Kalanovski
Niki Stanoev (co-host) October 20 – November 10, 2013
January 4, 2014–present Aired every Sunday (21:00–22:00 EET); stopped after episode four and it was announced that it was its pilot season; restarted January 2014 and aired every Saturday form 18:00 to 19:00 EET
Canada
Quebec Misez Juste (1994–95)
Price Is Right: À vous de jouer (2011–12) TQS (1994–95)
V (2011–12) Alain Léveillé (1994–95)
Philippe Bond (2011–12) 1994–95
September 2011–12 The original French-Canadian version had a significantly cheaper budget (car rentals in place of cars, trips to Halifax and Cuba) and a set more akin to Let's Make a Deal; aired twice a week, unlike the two other versions airing at the time (the U.S. version airs on English-language Canadian stations).
Chile Diga lo que vale Canal 13 Don Francisco 1981–87 Aired as a segment inside Sábado Gigante.
China 购物街
Gòu Wù Jiē CCTV-2 Gao Bo
Chen Beibei 2007–11 Name translates to "Shopping Street"; borrows many elements from the U.S. version
全是你的
Quan Shi Ni De Beijing TV Li Yong 2015 Used some similar formats to the U.S. version and previous one on CCTV-2
Colombia El precio es correcto RTI on Cadena Uno or Cadena Dos (1981–89)[12][13]
Caracol TV (2011–2014) Gloria Valencia de Castaño[13] (1981–89)
Iván Lalinde (2011–2014) 1981–89
2011–2014 1980s: The second game, Grand Game, was called El Mercadito (The Little Supermarket); the fourth game was a Colombian rendition of Race Game
2011: A new season, presented by Iván Lalinde, started April 11, 2011 on Caracol TV;[14] this version borrowed many elements from the Mexican show
Egypt The Price Is Right Beckham Al Nahar Edward 2015
Estonia Kuum Hind Kanal 2 Emil Rutiku October 2007
Finland Mitä maksaa? MTV (Yle)
Nelonen Mikko Yoderson
Petri Liski 1983–88
1998–2000
France Le Juste Prix TF1 Max Meynier
Eric Galliano
Patrick Roy
Philippe Risoli
Vincent Lagaf' 1987–88
1988
1988–92
1992–2001
2009–15 Aired at 12:05 on TF1 and became one of the most famous game shows of the 1990s. Currently, a version with Vincent Lagaf' is aired on TF1 at 19:00.
Le Juste Euro France 2 Patrice Laffont 2001–02 the series only lasted for three weeks and was aired in December 2001 until January 2002. The show was later replaced by Attention à la marche! (Watch your step!) hosted by Jean-Luc Reichmann.
Germany Der Preis ist heiß RTL
RTLplus Harry Winjnvoord
Wolfram Kons 1989–97
2017– The first season used a set that had lots of pink and blue, the later series had a set that somewhat resembled the American set; the theme music was also changed to the American theme; the intro later included a light box, like the U.S. version, both series used similar props to U.S. show. It was recently featured on Germany's Gameshow Marathon.
Greece H τιμή τιμή δεν έχει
H timí timí den échei ANT1 Elias Mpenetos 1991
India Yehi Hai Right Price DD Metro 9 Gold / Zee TV Rohit Roy
Indonesia Tebak Harga (2001–02)
The Price is Right (2003–05, 2010–2011, 2016–present) Trans TV (2001–02; 2003–05)
Indosiar (2010–2011)
RCTI (2016–present) Farhan (2001–02; 2003–05)
Stenny Agustaf & VJ Surya (2010)
Ananda Omesh & Gracia Indri (2016–present) December 17, 2001 – August 16, 2002
May 2, 2003 – May 27, 2005
August 11, 2010–2011
December 10, 2016–present The show was on TransTV and hosted by Muhammad Farhan (commonly known by his last name only)
Israel פחות או יותר
Pachot o' Yoter Channel 2 Aki Avni 1995–98
Italy OK, il Prezzo è Giusto! Italia 1 (1983–87)
Canale 5 (1988–96)
Rete 4 (1987–88; 1996–2001) Gigi Sabani (1983–86)
Iva Zanicchi (1987–2000)
Emanuela Folliero (1999)
Maria Teresa Ruta (2000–01)
1983–86
1987–99
May–June 1999
September 1999 – June 2000
September 2000 – June 2001 The second longest continually-running version of The Price Is Right, airing from 1983 to 2001; one of three versions to be hosted by a woman; largely faithful to the U.S. version, but the last two seasons altered the format slightly to use the Showcase round seen on the U.K. version
Japan The Chance
ザ・チャンス！
Za cha-n-su Tokyo Broadcasting System Pink Lady
Shiro Ito
Masayuki Yuhara 1979–1986
Latvia Veiksmes cena TV3 Valters Krauze January 7, 2007
Lebanon The Price Is Right بلا TVA LBC (2010–11)
MBC 4 (2011–present) Tony Baroud May 25, 2010–present Uses similar elements to French Version, like sound effects
Mexico El Precio Es Blanco Imevisión Ángel Fernández 1980s Sponsored by the Departament store chain Blanco, later Gigante, and now Soriana.
Atinale Al Precio Televisa Marco Antonio Regil (1997–99; 2010) 1997–99
2010 The 2010 version uses similar elements to the British version; in 2007, Regil auditioned to replace Barker for the United States version.[15]
Moldova Ghiceşte Pretul Jurnal TV Bogdan Dascál 2016–present
Morocco السعر الصحيح
Al seer al Saheeh 2M 2002
Myanmar The Price is Right Phyo Zaw Linn MRTV-4 2017
Netherlands Prijs je Rijk
Prijzenslag
Cash en Carlo
The Price is Right[16] AVRO
RTL 4
Yorin
SBS 6 Fred Oster
Hans Kazàn
Carlo Boszhard
Eddy Zoëy 1986–88
1990–93
2002–04
2012 Prijs je Rijk (Praise Rich) used the U.S. theme and similar set; Prijzenslag (Price War) was based on Germany's Der Preis ist Heiss and Bob Warman's in the UK; Cash En Carlo (Cash & Carlo) was a version of many European versions to borrow the format of Bruce's in the UK (although it doesn't borrow the UK version's props and music cues, but uses another remix of the U.S. Price is Right theme as "Come on down" music)
New Zealand The Price Is Right TV3 Dave Jamieson 1992 Filmed at TVNZ's Avalon Studios in Wellington, even though the show screened on the opposition network TV3; sponsored by the Farmers department store chain and Farmers actually changed their slogan around this time to Farmers, "Where The Price Is Right". In recent years, the Australian version had been screened on New Zealand's Prime Television.
Pakistan The Price Is Right Geo TV Ali Salman 2010 Uses similar elements to Bruce's Price Is Right and current U.S. logo in tones of blue
Peru Diga lo que Vale Panamericana Televisión Johnny López 1982–84; 1987 Featured a similar set to American version and a remix of the U.S. Opening as main theme.
Philippines The Price Is Right ABC Dawn Zulueta 2001–03 The only other version of the show known to have used the Australian version of the Showcase; the first version of show ran on ABC-5 as part of the network's response to the popularity of Who Wants to be a Millionaire? on IBC 13
ABS-CBN Kris Aquino February 14, 2011 – August 13, 2011 A second Philippine version of the show was produced by ABS-CBN and hosted by Kris Aquino
Poland Dobra cena TVN Grzegorz Wons 1997–98 One of the many European versions that used Bruce's Price Is Right music
Portugal O Preço Certo
O Preço Certo em Euros (January 2002 – March 2006) RTP1 Carlos Cruz (1990–92)
Nicolau Breyner (1992–93)
Jorge Gabriel (2002–03)
Fernando Mendes (2003–06, 2006–present) 1990–1993 (first edition);
January 2002 – March 2006;
September 2006–present (second edition) The title was changed to O Preco Certo em Euros when the escudo was dropped and the Euro was introduced, with Jorge Gabriel and then Fernando Mendes as host, and Miguel Vital as announcer; this version used Bruce's Price Is Right props and music (but used a synthesized version of the U.S. theme for its closing music); when the show still used the escudo, it used a set similar to the U.S. show (and the German show) and the same music cues as the US; in Autumn 2006 the show re-launched once again and took its inspiration from the new UK version by using a similar set and music. The show also removed "em Euros" from the name making its new title O Preço Certo since the Euro has been in use for seven years
Romania Preţul Correct ProTV Stelian Nistor / Constantin Cotimanis December 1997 – March 2000
Spune-mi Preţul Kanal D Cosmin Cernat 2009
Russia Цена удачи
Tsena udachi NTV Boris Smolkin, replaced by Anton Komolov September 11, 2005 – June 25, 2006
Singapore The Price is Right Mediacorp Channel 5
Slovakia Cena je správna TV JOJ Andrea Lehotská & Matej "Sajfa" Cifra (2013)
Michal Hudák (2013–2014) 2013–14
Spain El Precio Justo TVE1 (1988–93, 1999–2004)
Antena 3 (2006–07) Joaquín Prat (1988–93)
Carlos Lozano (1999–2001)
Guillermo Romero (2002–04)
Juan y Medio (2006–07) 1988–1993
1999–2004
2006–2007 The 1988–93 used a similar set to UK Leslie Crowther's show and featured a Showcase played similarly to the U.S. version but featured only one Showcase on which both contestants bid; the 1999–2002 (Based in Bruce's Price Is Right) and 2006–07 (Based in UK Joe Pasquale's show) formats were somewhat resembled to American version and used an hybrid of the UK and U.S. showcase. After the top winner selected a range at random, both contestants bid on the Showcase, hoping that their bid were the fell within the selected range and the closest without going over of the actual price.
Thailand ทายได้ให้เลย
Guess Right, Give Now
Royal Thai Army Radio and Television Channel 5 Badin Kosolpisit 2003–2004 The first version features similar elements to Mexican show
The Price Is Right Thailand ราคาพารวย
The Price is Right Thailand's: Rich Price
True 4U Ketsetsawat Palakawong Na Ayutthaya 2015–present Second version features similar elements to American show
Turkey Kaç Para? aTV Özkan Uğur
Vatan Şaşmaz September 8, 2003 – January 23, 2004
2011 The 2011 version borrowed many elements from the French version like logo and intro and game styles and features a Single-player showcase similarly played as the UK version, hoping that their bid is within the range, high or low
United Kingdom The Price Is Right ITV (1984–88, 1995–2001, 2006–07)
Sky One (1989–90)
Channel 4 (2017—)[17] Leslie Crowther (ITV primetime)
Bob Warman (Sky One daytime)
Bruce Forsyth (ITV primetime)
Joe Pasquale (ITV daytime)
Alan Carr (Channel 4) March 24, 1984 – January 12, 2007
December 30, 2017 The original version of the show ran from 1984 to 1988; the show was later revived in 1989 (ran from 1989 to 1990), in 1995 (ran from 1995 to 2001), and in 2006 (ran from 2006 to 2007). The theme from the 1994–95 American syndicated version was used for the show's 1995 revival.
Venezuela El Precio Justo RCTV Winston Vallenilla 2004
Vietnam Hãy Chọn Giá Đúng VTV3 Lại Văn Sâm (2004)
Lưu Minh Vũ (2005–12)
Trần Ngọc (2012–16, 2016–present) June 26, 2004 – June 25, 2016
December 3, 2016–present The show featured many similar elements from the U.S. version; originally hosted by Lại Văn Sâm—later hosted the Vietnamese version of Who Wants To Be a Millionaire called Ai Là Triệu Phú since January 4, 2005. After 620 shows, it was announced in its Facebook fanpage in June 28 that the show was put in hiatus for half of a year to wait for its new time slot. In the following week, it was replaced by Bàn Thắng Vàng (Golden Goal). When Bàn Thắng Vàng has ended, the show returned on December 3, 2016.
See also[edit]
List of television show franchises
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Weintraub, Joanne (2007-05-09). "Barker still a prize: Durable host gave 'Price Is Right' a long spin". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-05-25.
Jump up ^ Hoerschelmann, Olaf. "Quiz and Game Shows". Museum of Broadcast Communications. Retrieved 2007-05-25.
Jump up ^ Fretts, Bruce (June 17, 2013). "Eyes on the Prize", TV Guide, pp. 14 and 15.
Jump up ^ "Colorcasting". Broadcasting-Telecasting: 35. 1957-09-23.
Jump up ^ "5 reasons why we'll miss 'Sabado Gigante'". September 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ Schneider, Michael. "Time's 'Right' to step down". Variety. Retrieved January 11, 2007.
Jump up ^ TV's Crowning Moment of Awesome, Chris. "Jones". Esquire. Retrieved October 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Price Is Right". Episode 7073K. April 1, 2015. CBS. Missing or empty |series= (help)
Jump up ^ Hanks, Henry (April 2, 2015). "Bob Barker returns to 'The Price Is Right'". CNN. Retrieved April 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Come on Down...to Primetime! CBS to Air Three Special Primetime Editions of Network Television's #1 Daytime Series, The Price Is Right". CBS Press Express. 12 February 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Price Is Right on Facebook".
Jump up ^ "El precio es correcto" (in Spanish). Colarte. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Paulo Laserna Phillips and Diego Amaral Ceballos, ed. (2004). 50 años: la televisión en Colombia: una historia para el futuro (in Spanish) (1 ed.). Zona Editores, Caracol TV. p. 117. ISBN 958-96587-5-X.
Jump up ^ "El precio es correcto" (in Spanish). Caracol TV. Retrieved April 11, 2011.
Jump up ^ "YouTube". www.youtube.com.
Jump up ^ "The price is right - Blue Circle". August 18, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Alan Carr is bringing back The Price Is Right". June 9, 2017.
External links[edit]
The Price Is Right (1956–1965) on IMDb
The Price Is Right (1972–) on IMDb
Official Fremantle website and video social network community for The Price Is Right
Official CBS website for The Price Is Right
The Price Is Right at the National Film and Sound Archive
The Price is Right-related interview videos at the Archive of American Television
[hide]
v
t
e
The Price Is Right
United States
Versions
The Price Is Right
The Price Is Right (1956–65)
The New Price Is Right (1994–95)
Gameshow Marathon
The Price Is Right Live!
Production
List of The Price Is Right pricing games
Models
International
Australia
Current series
1957–1974 original series
United Kingdom
France
Mexico
Philippines
Italy
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Price_Is_Right&oldid=832713564"
Categories:
Television series by Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions
Television series by FremantleMedia
The Price Is Right
Hidden categories:
Pages with citations lacking titles
CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)
Use mdy dates from February 2016
Wikipedia articles needing style editing from December 2010
Articles needing additional references from December 2010
All articles needing additional references
Articles with multiple maintenance issues
Articles needing additional references from May 2016
Articles using Template:EmmyTVLegends title
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Asturianu
Deutsch
Español
Français
Galego
Bahasa Indonesia
עברית
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Português
Simple English
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
5 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 27 March 2018, at 16:09.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: class role tabindex

values: mw-collapsible-toggle button 0

values: Wikipedia:Guide to writing better articles

values:
plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content
presentation

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
mw-collapsible
width:95%; margin: 0.2em 0;

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Bob_Stewart_(producer)
mw-redirect
Bob Stewart (producer)

values: The Price Is Right (1956 U.S. game show)

values: List of The Price Is Right pricing games

values:
/wiki/United_States_armed_forces
mw-redirect
United States armed forces

values: background-color:#92FF00; color:black; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:#FF8F8F; color:black; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: The Price Is Right (1957–74 Australian game show)

values: The Price Is Right (Australian game show)

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Theys
extiw
nl:Jan Theys

values:
/wiki/Rede_Record
mw-redirect
Rede Record

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Alba
extiw
pt:Juan Alba

values:
/wiki/RTI_Colombia
mw-redirect
RTI Colombia

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/France_2
extiw
fr:France 2

values:
/wiki/OK,_il_Prezzo_%C3%A8_Giusto!
mw-redirect
OK, il Prezzo è Giusto!

values:
/wiki/Value_added_tax
mw-redirect
Value added tax

values:
/wiki/Lebanese_Broadcasting_Corporation
mw-redirect
Lebanese Broadcasting Corporation

values:
/wiki/MBC_4_(Middle_East)
mw-redirect
MBC 4 (Middle East)

values: Société Nationale de Radiodiffusion et de Télévision

values:
/wiki/RTL_7_(Netherlands)
mw-redirect
RTL 7 (Netherlands)

values:
/wiki/TV3_(New_Zealand)
mw-redirect
TV3 (New Zealand)

values: The Price Is Right (Philippine game show)

values:
/wiki/Associated_Broadcasting_Company
mw-redirect
Associated Broadcasting Company

values:
/wiki/Who_Wants_to_be_a_Millionaire%3F
mw-redirect
Who Wants to be a Millionaire?

values:
/wiki/ABS-CBN_Corporation
mw-redirect
ABS-CBN Corporation

values: es:El precio justo (versión de España de 1988)

values: th:The Price Is Right Thailand ราคาพารวย

values:
/wiki/ITV_Network
mw-redirect
ITV Network

values:
nofollow
external text
http://caracoltv.com/elprecioescorrecto

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048894/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.priceisright.com/
external text

values: The Price Is Right (Philippine game shows)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Television series by Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions

values: Category:Television series by FremantleMedia

values: Category:Pages with citations lacking titles

values: Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)

values: Category:Use mdy dates from February 2016

values: Category:Wikipedia articles needing style editing from December 2010

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2010

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Articles with multiple maintenance issues

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from May 2016

values: Category:Articles using Template:EmmyTVLegends title

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/The_Price_Is_Right
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: ذا برايس إز رايت – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: פחות או יותר – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: ザ・プライス・イズ・ライト – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Price_Is_Right rootpage-The_Price_Is_Right skin-vector action-view