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National Cherry Blossom Festival
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The Jefferson Memorial during the 2010 National Cherry Blossom Festival
The National Cherry Blossom Festival is a spring celebration in Washington, D.C., commemorating the March 27, 1912, gift of Japanese cherry trees from Mayor Yukio Ozaki of Tokyo City to the city of Washington, D.C. Mayor Ozaki donated the trees to enhance the growing friendship between the United States and Japan and also celebrate the continued close relationship between the two nations.[1] Large and colorful helium balloons, floats, marching bands from across the country, music and showmanship are parts of the Festival's parade and other events.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 History of the cherry blossoms
1.1 Early initiatives
1.2 Japanese gift planted
1.3 Cherry Blossom Festival
2 Organization and events of the Festival
3 Types of cherry trees
4 See also
5 References
6 Notes
7 External links
History of the cherry blossoms[edit]
Early initiatives[edit]
Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore was an early proponent of planting Japanese flowering cherry trees along the Potomac River.
Scidmore admired cherry blossoms in Mukojima, Sumida, Tokyo.[3] Picture published in 1897.
The effort to bring cherry blossom trees to Washington, D.C., preceded the official planting by several decades. In 1885, Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore returned from her first trip to Japan and approached the U.S. Army Superintendent of the Office of Public Buildings and Grounds with the idea of planting cherry trees along the reclaimed waterfront of the Potomac River. Scidmore, who would go on to become the first female board member of the National Geographic Society, was rebuffed, though she would continue proposing the idea to every Superintendent for the next 24 years.[4] Several cherry trees were brought to the region by individuals in this period, including one that was the location of a 1905 cherry blossom viewing and tea party hosted by Scidmore in northwest D.C. Among the guests was prominent botanist David Fairchild and his fiance Marian, the daughter of inventor Alexander Graham Bell.[5]
In 1906, David Fairchild imported 1000 cherry trees from the Yokohama Nursery Company in Japan and planted them on his own property in Chevy Chase, Maryland. The Fairchilds were pleased with the results of their planting and in 1907 began promoting Japanese flowering cherry trees as an ideal tree to plant around avenues in the Washington area. On September 26, with the help of the Fairchilds' friends, the Chevy Chase Land Company ordered 300 Oriental cherry trees for the Chevy Chase area. In 1908, Fairchild donated cherry saplings to every D.C. school to plant on its school grounds in observance of Arbor Day. At an Arbor Day speech that Eliza Scidmore attended, Fairchild proposed that the "Speedway" (a now non-existing route around the D.C. Tidal Basin) be turned into a "Field of Cherries."[4]
In 1909, Scidmore decided to raise the money to buy cherry trees and donate them to the District. As a matter largely of form, on April 5 she wrote a letter to First Lady Helen Herron Taft, wife of newly elected president Howard Taft, informing her of her plans. Two days later, the First Lady responded:
Thank you very much for your suggestion about the cherry trees. I have taken the matter up and am promised the trees, but I thought perhaps it would be best to make an avenue of them, extending down to the turn in the road, as the other part is still too rough to do any planting. Of course, they could not reflect in the water, but the effect would be very lovely of the long avenue. Let me know what you think about this.[4]
By chance, Jokichi Takamine, the Japanese chemist who discovered adrenaline, was in Washington with Mr. Midzuno, the Japanese consul to New York City, on April 8. Informed of a plan to plant Japanese cherry trees along the Speedway, Takamine asked if Mrs. Taft would accept an additional 2000 trees, while Midzuno suggested that the trees be given in the name of Tokyo. Takamine and Midzuo subsequently met with the First Lady, who accepted the offer of 2000 trees.[4]
The original 1910 gift of 2000 cherry trees from Tokyo had to be burned after they were discovered to be infested with agricultural pests and disease
On April 13, Spencer Cosby, Superintendent of the Office of Public Buildings and Grounds, purchased ninety cherry trees (Prunus serrulata) that were planted along the Potomac River from the Lincoln Memorial south toward East Potomac Park. It was subsequently discovered that the trees were of the cultivar Shirofugen, rather than the ordered Fugenzo. These trees had largely disappeared by the 21st century.[4]
On August 30, 1909, the Embassy of Japan in Washington, D.C., informed the U.S. Department of State that the city of Tokyo intended to donate 2000 cherry trees to the United States to be planted along the Potomac. These trees arrived in Washington, D.C., on January 6, 1910. However, the inspection team from the Department of Agriculture (led by Flora Wambaugh Patterson) found that the trees were infested with insects and nematodes, concluding that the trees had to be destroyed to protect local growers. President Taft gave the order to burn the trees on January 28.[4][6] Secretary of State Philander C. Knox wrote a letter expressing the regret of all involved to the Japanese Ambassador. Takamine responded to the news with another donation for more trees, 3020 in all, of a lineage taken from a famous group of trees along the Arakawa River in Tokyo and grafted onto stock from Itami, Hyogo Prefecture. On February 14, 1912, 3020 cherry trees of twelve cultivars were shipped on board the Awa Maru and arrived in D.C. via rail car from Seattle on March 26.[4]
Japanese gift planted[edit]
Photographers and painters along the Tidal Basin under blossoming cherry trees, 1920
In a ceremony on March 27, 1912, First Lady Helen Herron Taft and Viscountess Chinda, wife of the Japanese ambassador, planted the first two of these trees on the north bank of the Tidal Basin in West Potomac Park. At the end of the ceremony, the First Lady presented Viscountess Chinda with a bouquet of 'American Beauty' roses. These two trees still stand at the terminus of 17th Street Southwest, marked by a large plaque.[4] By 1915, the United States government had responded with a gift of flowering dogwood trees to the people of Japan.[7]
From 1913 to 1920, trees of the Somei-Yoshino variety, which comprised 1800 of the gift, were planted around the Tidal Basin. Trees of the other 11 cultivars, and the remaining Yoshinos, were planted in East Potomac Park. In 1927, a group of American school children re-enacted the initial planting. This event is recognized as the first D.C. cherry blossom festival.[8] In 1934, the District of Columbia Commissioners sponsored a three-day celebration of the flowering cherry trees.
Cherry Blossom Festival[edit]
The Washington Monument, as seen from West Potomac Park across the Tidal Basin
The first "Cherry Blossom Festival" was held in late 1934 under joint sponsorship by numerous civic groups, becoming an annual event. The cherry trees had by this point become an established part of the nation's capital. In 1938, plans to cut down trees to clear ground for the Jefferson Memorial prompted a group of women to chain themselves together at the site in protest. A compromise was reached where more trees would be planted along the south side of the Basin to frame the Memorial. A Cherry Blossom Pageant was begun in 1940.[4]
On December 11, 1941, four trees were cut down. It is suspected that this was retaliation for the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan four days earlier, though this was never confirmed. In hopes of dissuading people from further attacks upon the trees during the war, they were referred to as "Oriental" flowering cherry trees for the war's duration.[4] Suspended during World War II, the festival resumed in 1947 with the support of the Washington, D.C., Board of Trade and the D.C. Commissioners.[citation needed]
In 1948, the Cherry Blossom Princess and U.S. Cherry Blossom Queen program were started by the National Conference of State Societies. A Princess was selected from each state and federal territory, with a queen chosen to reign over the festival. In 1952, Japan requested help restoring the cherry tree grove at Adachi, Tokyo along the Arakawa River, which was the parent stock of the D.C. trees but had diminished during the war. In response, the National Park Service sent budwood back to Tokyo.[4]
The Japanese ambassador gave a 300-year-old stone lantern to the city of Washington to commemorate the signing of the 1854 Japan-US Treaty of Amity and Friendship by Commodore Matthew C. Perry. For a number of years, the lighting of this lantern formally opened the Festival. Three years later, the president of The Pearl Company started by Mikimoto Kōkichi donated the Mikimoto Pearl Crown. Containing more than five pounds of gold and 1,585 pearls, the crown is used at the coronation of the Festival Queen at the Grand Ball. The next year, the Mayor of Yokohama gifted a stone pagoda to the City to "symbolize the spirit of friendship between the United States of America manifested in the Treaty of Peace, Amity and Commerce signed at Yokohama on March 31, 1854."[4]
The Japanese gave 3,800 more Yoshino trees in 1965, which were accepted by First Lady Lady Bird Johnson. These trees were grown in the United States and many were planted on the grounds of the Washington Monument. For the occasion, the First Lady and Ryuji Takeuchi, wife of the Japanese ambassador, reenacted the 1912 planting. In 1982, Japanese horticulturalists took cuttings from Yoshino trees in Washington, D.C., to replace cherry trees that had been destroyed in a flood in Japan. From 1986 to 1988, 676 cherry trees were planted using US$101,000 in private funds donated to the National Park Service to restore the trees to the number at the time of the original gift.[4]
In 1994, the Festival was expanded to two weeks to accommodate the many activities that happen during the trees' blooming.[9] Two years later, the Potomac and Arakawa became sister rivers. Cuttings were taken from the documented 1912 trees in 1997 to be used in replacement plantings and thus preserve the genetic heritage of the grove. In 1999, fifty trees of the Usuzumi variety from Motosu, Gifu, were planted in West Potomac Park. According to legend, these trees were first planted by Emperor Keitai in the 6th century and were designated a National Treasure of Japan in 1922.[4] From 2002 to 2006, 400 trees propagated from the surviving 1912 trees were planted to ensure the genetic heritage of the original donation is maintained.[4]
Visitors in a cherry grove on the National Mall, April 5, 2009
Organization and events of the Festival[edit]
Gordon Peterson as master of ceremonies for the 2006 Cherry Blossom Festival
Play media
Family Day at the National Building Museum
The National Cherry Blossom Festival is coordinated by the National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc., an umbrella organization consisting of representatives of business, civic, and governmental organizations. More than 700,000 people visit Washington each year to admire the blossoming cherry trees that herald the beginning of spring in the nation's capital.
The three-week festival begins on the last Saturday of March with a Family Day at the National Building Museum and an official opening ceremony in the Warner Theatre.[10] An array of activities and cultural events takes place on the following days.[11] The Blossom Kite Festival (formerly the Smithsonian Kite Festival) usually takes place during the festival's first or second weekend.[12] Every day there is a sushi/sake celebration, classes about cherry blossoms, and a bike tour of the Tidal Basin. Other events include art exhibits (photography, sculpture, animation), cultural performances, rakugo, kimono fashion shows, dance, singing, martial arts, merchant-sponsored events, and a rugby union tournament.
The next Saturday, a three-stage festival takes place on the Southwest Waterfront.[13] When the festival ends, a fireworks show begins on the nearby Washington Channel.[13] The next morning (Sunday), the Credit Union Cherry Blossom Ten Mile Run begins on the grounds of the Washington Monument.[14] Later that Sunday, dignitaries gather at the Tidal Basin to participate in a ceremonial lighting of the 360-year-old Japanese stone lantern.[15]
During the morning of the festival's last Saturday, the National Cherry Blossom Festival Parade travels along Constitution Avenue from 7th to 17th Streets, NW.[16] For 16 years until 2015, the Sakura Matsuri-Japanese Street Festival (Japanese: さくらまつり), the largest Japanese Cultural Festival in the United States, took place throughout the day along 12th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, near the route of the parade.[17][18] However, the 2016 Street Festival will take place at M Street SE and New Jersey Avenue SE, near the Department of Transportation exit of the Navy Yard-Ballpark Metro station in the distant Capitol Riverfront area.[18][19] The Street Festival's relocation became necessary when the Trump Organization, which will operate the Trump International Hotel in the Old Post Office Pavilion at 12th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue NW, negotiated a deal with the Government of the District of Columbia that requires a 20 feet (6 m)-wide lane on Pennsylvania Avenue to remain open to the hotel's customers and valet parking service except during major events such as presidential inaugural parades, thus leaving insufficient space on the Avenue for the festival's activities.[18]
In 2009, the National Cherry Blossom Festival introduced an alternative event to its lineup, with the debut of Cherry Blast, an underground-ish mix of projected art, dance performances, live music, fashion and DJs that took place in an empty (but festively decorated) Anacostia warehouse. (Most of the crowd was shuttle-bussed in from Dupont Circle.) In 2010, Cherry Blast II—the creation of artist Philippa P. Hughes of the Pink Line Project—moved to a storage warehouse in Adams Morgan, but still featured an eclectic group of local artists and musicians.[20] The 2016 Cherry Blast will take place at the Carnegie Library at Mount Vernon Square during the last Saturday evening of the festival.[21]
2017 National Cherry Blossom Festival[22]
March 15 – April 16
Date
Day
Time
Event
Location
March 16 Thu 7 AM – 11PM Pink Tie Party Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center
March 25 Sat 5 – 6:30 PM Opening Ceremony Warner Theatre
April 1 Sat 10 AM – 4:30 PM Blossom Kite Festival Washington Monument grounds
April 2 Sun 7:30 AM – 11 AM Ten Mile Run and 5K Run-Walk Washington Monument grounds
April 8 Sat 10 AM – Noon Parade Constitution Avenue
April 15 Sat 2 – 9:30 PM Firework Festival District Wharf / Titanic Memorial
[show]2016 National Cherry Blossom Festival
2016 National Cherry Blossom Festival[15][23]
March 20 – April 17
Date
Day
Time
Event
Location
March 26 Sat 9 AM – 5 PM Family Day National Building Museum
March 26 Sat 5 – 6:30 PM Opening Ceremony Warner Theatre
April 2 Sat 10 AM – 4:30 PM Blossom Kite Festival Washington Monument grounds
April 3 Sun 7:30 AM – Cherry Blossom Ten Mile Run Washington Monument grounds
April 9 Sat 1 – 9 PM (8:30 PM) Waterfront Firework Festival Southwest Waterfront
April 10 Sun 2 PM – Japanese Stone Lantern Lighting Ceremony Tidal Basin
April 16 Sat 10 AM – Noon Parade Constitution Avenue
April 16 Sat 10:30 AM – 6 PM Sakura Matsuri—Japanese Street Festival M Street SE and New Jersey Avenue
April 16 Sat 6 PM – 2 AM Cherry Blast Carnegie Library at Mt. Vernon Square
Types of cherry trees[edit]
The Yoshino cultivar is the most common in D.C. and can be found encircling the Tidal Basin
Of the initial gift of 12 varieties of 3,020 trees, The Yoshino Cherry (70% of total) and Kwanzan Cherry (12.6% of total) now dominate.[24]
The Yoshino produces single white blossoms that create an effect of white clouds around the Tidal Basin and north onto the grounds of the Washington Monument. Intermingled with the Yoshino are a small number of Akebono cherry trees, which bloom at the same time as the Yoshino and produce single, pale-pink blossoms.[24][25]
The Kwanzan grows primarily in East Potomac Park and comes into bloom two weeks after the Yoshino. It produces clusters of clear pink double blossoms. East Potomac Park also has Fugenzo, which produces rosy pink double blossoms, and Shirofugen, which produces white double blossoms that age to pink.[24][26]
Interspersed among all the trees are the Weeping Cherry, which produces a variety of single and double blossoms of colors ranging from dark pink to white about a week before the Yoshino. Other cultivars that can be found are the Autumn Cherry (semi-double, pink), Sargent Cherry (single, deep pink), Usuzumi (white-grey), and Takesimensis.[24][25][26]
See also[edit]
Branch Brook Park
Hanami[fn 1]
International Cherry Blossom Festival
Canadian Tulip Festival, a festival commemorating a similar gift from the Dutch Royal Family in exile during World War II
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "History of the Cherry Blossom Trees and Festival". National Cherry Blossom Festival: About. National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Miss America Nina Davuluri to participate in Cherry Blossom Festival 2014". news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 2014-04-11.
Jump up ^ "Blooms tell curious tale of two cities – One woman's vision and a mystery cable took hanami to D.C". The Japan Times. March 21, 2002.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "History of the Cherry Trees". Cherry Blossom Festival. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ McClellan, Ann (2005). The Cherry Blossom Festival: Sakura Celebration. Bunker Hill Publishing, Inc. p. 23. ISBN 1-59373-040-3. At Google Books
Jump up ^ Jefferson, Roland M; et al. (1977). The Japanese flowering cherry trees of Washington, D.C. : a living symbol of friendship (PDF). Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service.
Jump up ^ McClellan 2005, p. 46. Books.google.com. 2005. ISBN 9781593730406. Retrieved 2012-06-20.
Jump up ^ "Guide to the Cherry Blossom Festival". Neighborhoods.com. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Moran, Margaret (2004). Open-Ended Questions Coach: Level D. Triumph Learning - Coach Books. p. 8. ISBN 1-58620-533-1.
Jump up ^ (1) "Family Day Presented with the National Building Museum: March 26, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
(2) "Opening Ceremony: March 26, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-02-14. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Events". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ (1) "Blossom Kite Festival: March 30, 2013". National Cherry Blossom Festival. National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2013-01-27. Retrieved 2013-01-27.
(2) "Blossom Kite Festival: March 28, 2015". National Cherry Blossom Festival. National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2015-03-16. Retrieved 2015-03-16.
(3) "Blossom Kite Festival: April 2, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival. National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-01-15. Retrieved 2016-01-24.
^ Jump up to: a b "Southwest Waterfront Fireworks Festival Presented by Harris Teeter: April 9, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Credit Union Cherry Blossom Ten Mile Run". Credit UnionCherry Blossom. Archived from the original on 2016-03-15. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
^ Jump up to: a b "Official Japanese Stone Lantern Lighting Ceremony: April 10, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "National Cherry Blossom Festival Parade presented by Events DC: April 16, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-02-14. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ (1) "The 45th Annual Sakura Matsuri Japanese Street Festival". Japan-America Society of Washington DC. Archived from the original on 2006-04-11. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
(2) "51st Annual Sakura Matsuri Japanese Street Festival". Japan-America Society of Washington DC. Archived from the original on 2011-02-08. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
(3) "53rd Annual Sakura Matsuri Japanese Street Festival". Japan-America Society of Washington DC. Archived from the original on 2013-02-08. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
(4) "55th Annual Sakura Matsuri Japanese Street Festival". Japan-America Society of Washington DC. Archived from the original on 2015-03-06. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
^ Jump up to: a b c (1) Stein, Patty (2016-02-26). "Thanks to Trump's hotel, D.C. street festivals have to make a few changes". Local. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 2016-03-21.
(2) Cooper, Rebecca (2016-03-02). "Why the National Cherry Blossom Festival will have to move this year. (Hint: Trump) Plus, peak bloom!". Washington Business Journal. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
Jump up ^ (1) "56th Annual Sakura Matsuri Japanese Street Festival". Japan-America Society of Washington DC. Archived from the original on 2016-03-12. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
(2) "Sakura Matsuri – Japanese Street Festival: April 16, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Going Out Guide: Cask Ale at Black Squirrel and Cherry Blossom events". Washington Post. 2010-03-31. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Events DC Presents Cherry Blast: April 16, 2016". National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
Jump up ^ "Events". National Cherry Blossom Festival. National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2017-03-01.
Jump up ^ "Events". National Cherry Blossom Festival. National Cherry Blossom Festival, Inc. Archived from the original on 2016-03-14. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
^ Jump up to: a b c d (1) "Types". Cherry Blossom Festival. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2015-10-09. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
(2) "Types of Trees". Cherry Blossom Festival. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
^ Jump up to: a b (1) "Tidal Basin Cherry Tree Location Map" (PDF). Cherry Blossom Festival Maps and Brochures. National Park Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-03-19. Retrieved 2016-03-23.
(2) "Maps". National Mall and Memorial Parks – Cherry Blossom Festival. National Park Service. Retrieved 2016-03-22.
^ Jump up to: a b "East Potomac Park Cherry Tree Location Map". Cherry Blossom Festival Maps and Brochures. National Park Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-22. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Hanami in Japanese means Cherry Blossom Viewing.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Cherry Blossom Festival.
Wikinews has related news: Photo Essay: Cherry Blossoms Bloom in DC
Official website
Cherry Blossom Festival by the National Park Service
National Cherry Blossom Festival Records, Special Collections Research Center, Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library, The George Washington University
Photos of Washington DC's cherry blossoms in bloom
Video of the 1944 Cherry Blossom Festival
Washington DC Cherry Blossoms and Blossom Kite Festival
Sakura Matsuri-Japanese Street Festival
View The Japanese flowering cherry trees of Washington, D.C. by Roland M. Jefferson online at the Biodiversity Heritage Library.
Cherry Blossom Cam by EarthCam
Coordinates: 38°52′54″N 77°2′6″W / 38.88167°N 77.03500°W / 38.88167; -77.03500
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The Flying Sorceress
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The Flying Sorceress
Tom and Jerry series
The title card of The Flying Sorceress
Directed by
William Hanna
Joseph Barbera
Produced by
William Hanna
Joseph Barbera
Voices by
June Foray
Music by
Scott Bradley
Animation by
Ed Barge
Irven Spence
Lewis Marshall
Kenneth Muse
Layouts by
Richard Bickenbach
Backgrounds by
Robert Gentle
Distributed by
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Release date(s)
January 27, 1956 (1956-01-27)
Color process
Technicolor
CinemaScope
Running time
6:40
Language
English
Preceded by
That's My Mommy
Followed by
The Egg and Jerry
The Flying Sorceress is a 1956 one reel animated Tom and Jerry short directed and produced by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera with music by Scott Bradley. The cartoon was animated by Kenneth Muse, Ed Barge, Irven Spence and Lewis Marshall, with backgrounds by Robert Gentle and layouts by Richard Bickenbach. It was produced in CinemaScope and released to theatres on January 27, 1956 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Alternative versions
3 Availability
4 Production
5 External links
Plot[edit]
Tom is chasing Jerry through the house, as usual, but then collides with a table and breaks an ornament, causing him to be scolded by Joan. She says "Well, Mr. Clumsy every time you chase that mouse, you break something". While Tom cleans up the mess, he sees an advertisement in the newspaper for an intelligent cat as an old lady's traveling companion, gets interested in the job, and leaves for the given location.
Tom walks along a road and sees a creepy house. He enters the place and a witch (voiced by June Foray) comes in riding on her broom. Seeing the job is less appealing than he thought, Tom tries to leave, but the witch grabs Tom on her broomstick. She notes that he doesn't look much like a witch's cat, so she screams at him, scaring him so that he rears up and all his hair stands on end. She then gives her broom a kick and they take off. Before the ride, the witch points out a cemetery containing seven graves, each with a previous applicant. Next to the seventh grave is an open one, reserved for Tom, marked "eight". She tells him that if Tom does not hang on, the grave will be for him. During the ride, the witch loses her hat. Tom had taken it and uses it to parachute down, but the witch grabs Tom. They return to the house and the witch tells Tom that he gets the job. Tom is left to sleep in a coffin. As the witch retires, Tom looks at her broom and decides to take it on a joyride. He gets the hang of riding a broomstick by himself, doing a few tricks, but hits a tree branch that almost slices his head off.
Tom then flies by his house spying on Jerry, who thinks that he saw something. Jerry then opens the front door and gets knocked down by Tom, who then gets off the broom and points to Jerry. The broom hits Jerry and sweeps him into a dustpan. Tom leaves and returns to the witch's house where the witch is waiting for him. She is very angry about Tom "stealing a ride" and casts a spell on the broom, saying that she'll give Tom a "real" ride. The broom takes Tom on a painful ride, dragging his head through the ceiling, causing him to bounce down the stairs, and crashing into a table. The broom then acts like a pogo stick with Tom holding on to it.
However, Tom wakes up to see Joan shaking the broomstick. Realising it was only a dream, Tom is relieved and goes back to clearing up his mess. He then decides to sit on the broom and gives it a kick. Before he can react, the broom takes off with him on it, sailing towards the night sky. Jerry and his owner look on and Tom's owner Joan sighs and remarks, "NOW, what is that cat up to??".
Alternative versions[edit]
Like a number of early widescreen animated films (several other MGM cartoons and Disney's Lady and the Tramp for example) The Flying Sorceress was produced in both the Academy and CinemaScope aspect ratios. The same animation cels were used, but the camera shots were reframed and different shots were reused. For some television broadcast, however, a pan-and-scan copy was prepared from the CinemaScope version (which is reframed from the Academy version and missing information present at the top and bottom of the Academy version and missing information present at the Academy version. Contrary to the CinemaScope version, the Academy version is missing left and right side of the frame in many shots from the CinemaScope version.[citation needed]
Availability[edit]
DVD:
Tom and Jerry's Greatest Chases, Vol. 3
Tom and Jerry Spotlight Collection Vol. 1, Disc Two
Production[edit]
Animation: Ed Barge, Irven Spence, Lewis Marshall, Kenneth Muse
Layout: Richard Bickenbach
Backgrounds: Robert Gentle
Music: Scott Bradley
Produced and Directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera
External links[edit]
The Flying Sorceress at The Big Cartoon DataBase
The Flying Sorceress on IMDb
[hide]
v
t
e
Hanna-Barbera Tom and Jerry shorts (1940–1958; 2001; 2005)
1940
Puss Gets the Boot
1941
The Midnight Snack
The Night Before Christmas
1942
Fraidy Cat
Dog Trouble
Puss n' Toots
The Bowling Alley-Cat
Fine Feathered Friend
1943
Sufferin' Cats!
The Lonesome Mouse
The Yankee Doodle Mouse
Baby Puss
1944
The Zoot Cat
The Million Dollar Cat
The Bodyguard
Puttin' on the Dog
Mouse Trouble
1945
The Mouse Comes to Dinner
Mouse in Manhattan
Tee for Two
Flirty Birdy
Quiet Please!
1946
Springtime for Thomas
The Milky Waif
Trap Happy
Solid Serenade
1947
Cat Fishin'
Part Time Pal
The Cat Concerto
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Mouse
Salt Water Tabby
A Mouse in the House
The Invisible Mouse
1948
Kitty Foiled
The Truce Hurts
Old Rockin' Chair Tom
Professor Tom
Mouse Cleaning
1949
Polka-Dot Puss
The Little Orphan
Hatch Up Your Troubles
Heavenly Puss
The Cat and the Mermouse
Love That Pup
Jerry's Diary
Tennis Chumps
1950
Little Quacker
Saturday Evening Puss
Texas Tom
Jerry and the Lion
Safety Second
Tom and Jerry in the Hollywood Bowl
The Framed Cat
Cue Ball Cat
1951
Casanova Cat
Jerry and the Goldfish
Jerry's Cousin
Sleepy-Time Tom
His Mouse Friday
Slicked-up Pup
Nit-Witty Kitty
Cat Napping
1952
The Flying Cat
The Duck Doctor
The Two Mouseketeers
Smitten Kitten
Triplet Trouble
Little Runaway
Fit to Be Tied
Push-Button Kitty
Cruise Cat
The Dog House
1953
The Missing Mouse
Jerry and Jumbo
Johann Mouse
That's My Pup!
Just Ducky
Two Little Indians
Life with Tom
1954
Puppy Tale
Posse Cat
Hic-cup Pup
Little School Mouse
Baby Butch
Mice Follies
Neapolitan Mouse
Downhearted Duckling
Pet Peeve
Touché, Pussy Cat!
1955
Southbound Duckling
Pup on a Picnic
Mouse for Sale
Designs on Jerry
Tom and Chérie
Smarty Cat
Pecos Pest
That's My Mommy
1956
The Flying Sorceress
The Egg and Jerry
Busy Buddies
Muscle Beach Tom
Down Beat Bear
Blue Cat Blues
Barbecue Brawl
1957
Tops with Pops
Give and Tyke (Spin off #1)
Timid Tabby
Feedin' the Kiddie
Scat Cats (Spin off #2)
Mucho Mouse
Tom's Photo Finish
1958
Happy Go Ducky
Royal Cat Nap
The Vanishing Duck
Robin Hoodwinked
Tot Watchers
2001
The Mansion Cat (TV)
2005
The Karate Guard
See also: Gene Deitch Tom and Jerry shorts (1961–1962) and Chuck Jones Tom and Jerry shorts (1963–1967)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Flying_Sorceress&oldid=836016899"
Categories:
1956 films
1956 animated films
Tom and Jerry short films
Films directed by Joseph Barbera
Films directed by William Hanna
Witchcraft in film
1950s American animated films
American films
1950s comedy films
Films scored by Scott Bradley
1956 Tom and Jerry short films
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Herbert (Family Guy character)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
John Herbert
Family Guy character
First appearance
"To Love and Die in Dixie"
Created by
Seth MacFarlane
Voiced by
Mike Henry
Information
Full name
John Herbert
Gender
Male
Occupation
U.S Army Air force pilot in World War II
Relatives
Sandy (grandniece)
Nationality
American
John Herbert (generally referred to simply as Herbert, sometimes referred to as Herbert the Pervert, and referred to as Mr. Herbert by Chris and sometimes other characters) is a fictional character in the animated television series Family Guy. He is voiced by Mike Henry, who also designed the character. Herbert is a World War II veteran who is an elderly neighbor of the Griffin family. He first appeared in the season 3 episode "To Love and Die in Dixie". He is attracted to young boys, and harbors unrequited love for underage teenager Chris Griffin, though most other citizens of Quahog are oblivious to his sexuality. Henry defines Herbert as a pedophile, although speaking in clinical terms this is not the case.[1]
Herbert has received mixed reviews from critics, who have expressed varying opinions on the pedophilia-related humor involving the character. Herbert has appeared in various Family Guy merchandise and has made several crossover appearances in The Cleveland Show, a Family Guy spin-off.
Contents
[hide]
1 Role in Family Guy
2 Production
3 Reception
4 Merchandise
5 See also
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Role in Family Guy[edit]
Herbert lives in the fictional town of Quahog, Rhode Island, which is modeled after Cranston, Rhode Island.[2][3][4] He is an elderly man who dresses in a baby blue robe and requires a walking frame; his dog Jesse is similarly decrepit.[5]
In his first appearance, "To Love and Die in Dixie" (season 3, 2001), Herbert tries to get Chris inside the house by offering him a popsicle. In the episode "The Courtship of Stewie's Father" (season 4, 2005), Chris breaks Herbert's window and, to pay off the debt, Chris helps him with chores around the house. Herbert later invites him to dinner.[6][7] When Chris gets a new job in "Movin' Out (Brian's Song)" (season 6, 2007), his baby brother Stewie takes over his paper route; Herbert tries to seduce him but is rebuffed by Stewie, who shouts, "Piss off, you perverted old freak".[8] In the episode "Play It Again, Brian" (season 6, 2008), Herbert is hired by Peter and Lois to babysit their children Chris, Stewie and Meg.[9][10] He says that he has no interest in Meg because of her age and gender,[8] and is disappointed when she is the one of the three who volunteers to bathe him.[9] Herbert has a grand-niece, Sandy, whom he helps attract Chris in the style of Cyrano de Bergerac in the episode "Valentine's Day in Quahog" (season 11, 2013).[11]
In the episode "Padre de Familia" (season 6, 2007), Herbert is revealed to be a war veteran and sings "God Bless the USA" in the Veterans Day parade.[12] This is furthered in the season 9 (2011) episode "German Guy", in which Herbert reveals he was a member of the United States Army Air Forces during World War II and was captured by Wehrmacht forces when he was shot down over Germany while escorting a bombing raid. Although the Nazis could have placed Herbert into a prisoner-of-war camp, they instead threw him into a concentration camp because they found several pictures of young boys in his wallet and thought he was gay. He then finds that his tormentor, Hans, is living in Quahog, and becomes jealous of his new friendship with Chris.[13]
Herbert has appeared on various occasions in Family Guy spinoffs, as in a cutaway in "A Cleveland Brown Christmas", an episode of The Cleveland Show.[14] In Laugh It Up, Fuzzball: The Family Guy Trilogy,[15][16] Herbert appears as Obi-Wan Kenobi.[17]
Production[edit]
Mike Henry created Herbert and provides his voice.
Herbert was created by writer and voice actor Mike Henry. Henry met Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane when his brother Patrick was a classmate of MacFarlane's at the Rhode Island School of Design. Henry was invited to write and create characters for Family Guy after the show was picked up. The first character he created was Cleveland Brown,[1] and he later created Herbert.[1]
Herbert was not originally a pedophile; Henry pitched the idea to the writers of the show, leading to the decision to make him one.[1] As with most of the other characters he created, Henry voices Herbert.[1] Henry based Herbert's voice and appearance on an elderly man he met when he worked in a grocery store when he was in high school. In an interview Henry described that man as a sweet person.[1]
Reception[edit]
IGN, an American entertainment website, has generally commented positively on him. They pointed out that Herbert is one of the most popular recurring characters in the series,[5][18] referring to him (with his dog Jesse) as one of the characters that stuck out from the rest.[18] They also noted that one of the reasons Herbert is funny is because of his "soft, high-pitched whistling voice".[5]
"Herbert is one of the series' most popular minor characters, having appeared in an impressive 28 episodes. Part of Herbert's appeal is his ability to seamlessly integrate sexually suggestive comments into regular conversation without being noticed by authority figures".
Ahsan Haque, IGN.[5]
Although IGN has praised Herbert in general they have criticized some aspects of him.[5][18] In their review of "Blue Harvest", a retelling and parody of the 1977 film Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope, recasting the show's characters into Star Wars roles, IGN criticized the choice of putting Herbert in the role of Obi-Wan Kenobi, stating that it never creates any actual humor.[19] They also criticized the constant use of Herbert, commenting that it was entertaining for the first two times, but that it quickly became overused.[5][18] In their list of "What Else Should Family Guy Make Fun Of?", IGN commented that Herbert would be perfect to play Major Toht and Hogwarts' new Defence Against the Dark Arts instructor should Family Guy ever decides to make parodies of Raiders of the Lost Ark and Harry Potter, respectively.[20]
A February 2015 article written by Hanh Nguyen for TV Guide listed pedophilia among the 12 biggest taboos shown on Family Guy, naming Herbert as the "creepiest of all" references to the disorder.[21] Rowan Kaiser of The A.V. Club criticized the character as an example of how the series occasionally fails in its deliberately offensive humor. He called him "a black hole of shittiness whose every appearance brings out the worst tendencies of Family Guy", adding that his "appearance brings every episode he's in to a screeching halt".[22]
Herbert, along with his dog Jesse, ranked spot number 16 in IGN's "Top 25 Family Guy Characters".[5] Herbert also ranked number five on IGN's "The Cleveland Show Casting Couch", which showed characters that IGN would find interesting to put in The Cleveland Show.[18]
Merchandise[edit]
In 2004, the first series of Family Guy toy figurines was released by Mezco Toyz. Each member of the Griffin family and other characters (including Herbert) had their own toy, with the exception of Stewie, of whom two different figures were made.[23] Over the course of two years, four more series of toy figures have been released.[24] Herbert is also featured on the Family Guy: Live in Vegas CD.[25]
See also[edit]
Family Guy portal
List of characters in Family Guy
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Haque, Ahsan (October 31, 2007). "Family Guy TV Interview - 100th Episode Red Carpet Interviews". IGN. Retrieved 2010-08-18.
Jump up ^ "Family Guy writer at Bryant". The Providence Journal. 2008-09-24. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Hines, Michael (2007-09-15). "Family funny business". Chicago Tribune. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ James, Caryn (1999-01-29). "TV Weekend; Where Matricide Is a Family Value". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Haque, Ahsan. "Top 25 Family Guy Characters". IGN. Retrieved 2010-08-18.
Jump up ^ MacFarlane, Seth (2005). Family Guy season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "The Courtship of Stewie's Father" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ "The Courtship of Stewie's Father". BBC Three. Retrieved 2016-06-05.
^ Jump up to: a b "Herbert Quotes". TV Fanatic. Retrieved 2016-06-05.
^ Jump up to: a b Haque, Ahsan (March 3, 2008). "Family Guy: "Play It Again, Brian" Review". IGN. Retrieved 2010-02-26.
Jump up ^ Koski, Genevieve (March 2, 2008). "The Debarted" / "The Accdental Terrorist" / "Play It Again, Brian". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 2010-02-26.
Jump up ^ McFarland, Kevin (2013-02-11). "Family Guy: "Valentine’s Day In Quahog"". The AV Club. Retrieved 2016-06-05.
Jump up ^ Haque, Ashan (2007). "Padre de Familia Review". IGN. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
Jump up ^ "German Guy". Family Guy. Season 9. Episode 11. 2011-02-20. FOX.
Jump up ^ ""The Cleveland Show" on Fox". Parents Television Council. 2010-08-06. Archived from the original on 2010-08-14. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
Jump up ^ "Family Guy Presents :Blue Harvest". Family guyblueharvest.com. Retrieved November 28, 2009.
Jump up ^ Firecloud, Johnny. "Family Guy: Something Something Something Dark Side". Crave Online. Archived from the original on 2009-12-21. Retrieved 2009-12-25.
Jump up ^ Hughes, Jason (2010-05-24). "Sundays With Seth: Cleveland Strikes Back". TV Squad. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Haque, Ahsan (July 16, 2008). "The Cleveland Show Casting Couch". IGN. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
Jump up ^ Haque, Ashan (2007). "Family Guy: Season 6 Review". IGN. Retrieved 2009-09-14.
Jump up ^ Haque, Ahsan (February 11, 2010). "What Else Should Family Guy Make Fun Of?". IGN. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
Jump up ^ Nguyen, Hanh (2015-02-01). "Nobody's Safe! 12 Taboos Family Guy Has Dared to Mock". TV Guide. Retrieved 2016-06-05.
Jump up ^ Kaiser, Rowan (2011-02-21). ""You Debt Your Life"/"Angry Dad: The Movie"/"Hamburger Dinner Theater"/"German Guy"/"Terry Unmarried"". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 2011-02-21.
Jump up ^ Clodfelter, Tim (2004-11-11). "Here's the Offbeat Stuff that true geeks are made of". Winston-Salem Journal. p. 33.
Jump up ^ Szadkowski, Joseph (2006-06-03). "Undead monster doomed to wander the high seas". The Washington Times.
Jump up ^ Owen, Rob (2005-05-01). "'Family Guy' goes beyond TV with CD, movie". Press-Enterprise. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
Further reading[edit]
McKeown, Simon; Darke, Paul A. (2013). "'Are they laughing at us or with us?' Disability in Fox's Animated Series Family Guy". In Mogk, Marja Evelyn. Different Bodies: Essays on Disability in Film and Television. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. pp. 155–164. ISBN 9781476606217.
Ricke, LaChrystal D. (2012). "Funny or Harmful?: Derogatory Speech on Fox's Family Guy". Communication Studies. 63 (2): 119–135. doi:10.1080/10510974.2011.638412.
Rosewarn, Lauren (2013). American Taboo: The Forbidden Words, Unspoken Rules, and Secret Morality of Popular Culture. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313399343.
Zenor, Jason (2014). "Where Are Those Good Ol’ Fashioned Values? Reception Analysis of the Offensive Humor on Family Guy". Operant Subjectivity: The International Journal of Q Methodology. 37 (1-2): 23–40. doi:10.15133/j.os.2014.003.
External links[edit]
Herbert on IMDb
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Betsy Ross House
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Betsy Ross House
(2012)
Location within Pennsylvania
Location
239 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Coordinates
39°57′08″N 75°08′41″W / 39.95224°N 75.14464°W / 39.95224; -75.14464Coordinates: 39°57′08″N 75°08′41″W / 39.95224°N 75.14464°W / 39.95224; -75.14464
Type
Historic Location
President
Amy Needle (Historic Philadelphia, Inc.)
The Betsy Ross House is a landmark in Philadelphia purported to be the site where the seamstress and flag-maker Betsy Ross (1752-1836) lived when she sewed the first American Flag. The origins of the Betsy Ross myth trace back to her relatives, particularly her grandsons, William and George Canby, and the celebrations of the Centennial of 1876.[1] Evidence for the precise location of Ross' home came from verification provided by several surviving family members,[2]although the best archival evidence indicates the house would have been adjacent to the one that still stands today as The Betsy Ross House.[3] Although the house is one of the most visited tourist sites in Philadelphia,[4] the claim that Ross once lived there, and that she designed and sewed the first American flag, sometimes called the Betsy Ross flag, are considered false by most historians.[5][6]
The house sits on Arch Street, several blocks from Independence Hall and the Liberty Bell in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The front part of the building was built around 1740, in the Pennsylvania colonial style, with the stair hall and the rear section added 10 to 20 years later. Had she lived here, Ross would have resided in the house from 1776, the death of her first husband, John Ross, until about 1779.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Restoration
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Restoration[edit]
"Birthplace of Old Glory", 1909 photograph
Over the years, various structural changes and general wear and tear left the house in dire need of restoration. In 1937, Philadelphia radio mogul, A. Atwater Kent offered up to $25,000 for the restoration of the house and commissioned historical architect Richardson Brognard Okie to do the work. Original elements were kept wherever possible. Otherwise, materials from demolished period homes were used. A new structure was added in the rear, made from period bricks. The front stairway and dormer were entirely replaced. The front doorway was moved to the opposite corner, and a new window was installed. Kent then purchased the two adjacent properties to develop a "civic garden." In 1941, the entire property, including the historic house and courtyard, were given to the city of Philadelphia. In 1965 an annex building was added to the property, and in 1974 the courtyard was renovated and a fountain added.
In preparation for the United States Bicentennial, remains deemed to be those of Ross and her third husband, John Claypoole, were moved to graves in the courtyard.[7] A private nonprofit organization, Historic Philadelphia, Inc., began leasing the property from the City of Philadelphia in 1995 and continues to manage the site to this day.
The Betsy Ross House has long been the site of Philadelphia's observance of Flag Day.[8]
See also[edit]
Philadelphia portal
Liberty Bell
Independence Hall
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Miller, Marla R. (2010). Betsy Ross and the Making of America. New York: Henry R. Holt. p. 5.
^ Jump up to: a b Official website
Jump up ^ Leepson, Marc (2007). Flag: An American Biography. New York: Thomas Dunne Books. p. 48.
Jump up ^ Carr, Andrew. "The Betsy Ross House," American History 37.3 (Aug 2002): 23.
Jump up ^ Miller, Marla R. (2010). Betsy Ross and the Making of America. New York: Henry Holt. p. 5-6.
Jump up ^ Leepson, Marc. "Five myths about the American flag", Washington Post, (June 12, 2011)
Jump up ^ "Corrections", Philadelphia Inquirer (November 22, 2005)
Jump up ^ Gammage, Jeff (2008-06-14). "Flag Day loses importance but lives on in Philadelphia". Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2008-06-20. Retrieved 2008-06-14.
External links[edit]
Official website
Betsy Ross House at UShistory.org
"Site Where Mrs. Elizabeth Ross made the First American Flag" at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania
Photo ca. 1900
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Betsy Ross House.

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