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Penalty card
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Yellow card shown in an association football match
A penalty card is used in many sports as a means of warning, reprimanding or penalising a player, coach or team official. Penalty cards are most commonly used by referees or umpires to indicate that a player has committed an offense. The referee will hold the card above his or her head while looking or pointing towards the player that has committed the offense. The colour and/or shape of the card used by the official indicates the type or seriousness of the offence and the level of punishment that is to be applied.
By analogy the term is sometimes used in non-sporting contexts. For example, the UK Radio Authority spoke of issuing a yellow card to those who broke its rules.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History and origin
2 Commonly used penalty cards
2.1 Yellow card
2.2 Red card
3 Other types of penalty cards
3.1 Green card
3.2 White card
3.3 Blue card
3.4 Black card
4 See also
5 References
History and origin[edit]
The idea of using language-neutral coloured cards to communicate a referee's intentions originated in association football, with English referee Ken Aston.[2] Aston had been appointed to the FIFA Referees' Committee and was responsible for all referees at the 1966 FIFA World Cup. In the quarter finals, England met Argentina at Wembley Stadium. After the match, newspaper reports stated that referee Rudolf Kreitlein had cautioned both Bobby and Jack Charlton, as well as sending off Argentinian Antonio Rattin. The referee had not made his decision clear during the game, and England manager Alf Ramsey approached FIFA for post-match clarification. This incident started Aston thinking about ways to make a referee's decisions clearer to both players and spectators. Aston realised that a colour-coding scheme based on the same principle as used on traffic lights (yellow – stop if safe to do so, red – stop) would transcend language barriers and make it clear that a player had been cautioned or expelled.[2] As a result, yellow cards to indicate a caution and red cards to indicate an expulsion were used for the first time in the 1970 FIFA World Cup in Mexico. The use of penalty cards has since been adopted and expanded by several sporting codes, with each sport adapting the idea to its specific set of rules or laws.
Commonly used penalty cards[edit]
Yellow card[edit]
A yellow card is used in several sports and most commonly indicates a warning or a temporary suspension
A yellow card is used in many different sporting codes. Its meaning differs among sports; however, it most commonly indicates a caution given to a player regarding his or her conduct, or indicates a temporary suspension. Examples include:
Association football: A yellow card is shown by the referee to indicate that a player has been officially cautioned.[3] The player's details are then recorded by the referee in a small notebook; hence a caution is also known as a "booking". A player who has been cautioned may continue playing in the game; however, a player who receives a second caution in a match is sent off (shown the yellow card again, and then a red card), meaning that he must leave the field immediately and take no further part in the game. The player may not be replaced by a substitute. Law 12 of the Laws of the Game (which are set by the International Football Association Board and used by FIFA) lists the types of offences and misconduct that may result in a caution or is cautionary. It also states that "only a player, substitute or substituted player" can be cautioned.[3]
In most tournaments, the accumulation of a certain number of yellow cards over several matches results in disqualification of the offending player for a certain number of subsequent matches, the exact number of cards and matches varying by jurisdiction.
For more details, see Yellow card (association football)
Athletics: In track events, a yellow card used to indicate that the next false start would result in a disqualification.[4] IAAF rules have since abolished false start warnings; false starts now result in immediate disqualification.[5] However, as of 2012, the false start rule is that an athlete's hands must leave the track or their feet must leave the starting blocks before the gunshot in order for a false start to be given. Therefore, if an athlete makes a twitch, while being in their final 'set' position, the maximum penalty is a yellow card.
Australian rules football: A yellow card is issued against a player for committing any reportable offence (such as striking an opponent, swearing at an official, amongst others), except those listed as 'serious' reportable offences. Any player issued a yellow card is unable to participate in the game for the length of a quarter of play, excluding breaks, although the player can be replaced. However, a yellow card may be issued against a player at the discretion of an umpire, despite the player not committing a reportable offence. Yellow cards and red cards are, however, not issued in the Australian Football League, the highest level of play in Australian rules football.[6]
Badminton: A yellow card is given to a singles player or doubles pair as a warning for breaching the Laws of Badminton. A yellow card can only be given once to a player or pair in a match, subsequent breaches are sanctioned with a red or black card.[7][8]
Bandy: A yellow card indicates a warning given to an entire team for technical fouls such as errors in the execution of goal-throws or free strokes, or the obstruction of a player without ball.[9] Subsequent technical fouls by the same team result in a five-minute penalty indicated by a white card.
Canoe polo: A yellow card indicates a player has received a two-minute temporary suspension.[10] A yellow card can be awarded for a deliberate or dangerous foul that prevents the scoring of a near certain goal, dangerous illegal play that is deliberate or repeated, foul or abusive language, continuously disputing a referee's decisions or receiving a third green card for any reason.
Equestrian sports: Yellow cards may be issued during FEI sanctioned events for abuse of a horse or incorrect behavior towards an official.[11] Abuse of the horse may include riding an obviously lame horse, riding an exhausted horse, excessive use of whip and/or spurs, and dangerous riding. Riders may choose not to accept issued cards, but doing so may lead to a disciplinary hearing. A rider receiving a yellow card can be disqualified from the event and subsequently fined or suspended.[11]
Fencing: A yellow card indicates a warning to a fencer and is valid for the remainder of the bout.[12] In some cases, an annulment of any hit scored by the fencer at fault may also occur. Yellow cards are awarded for Group 1 offences such as making bodily contact with the opposing fencer (in foil or sabre), leaving the piste without permission, or refusing to obey the referee. A yellow card can also be awarded when, at the first call by the referee, a fencer does not present himself on the piste ready to fence. Any person not on the piste who disturbs the good order of the competition may also receive a yellow card on the first infringement.[12]
Field hockey: A yellow card indicates a temporary suspension of at least 5 minutes. The length of the suspension is determined by the umpire.[13] It is possible for a player to receive two yellow cards for different offences during the same match; however, the period of suspension must be significantly longer with each yellow card. When an offence for which a yellow card has been awarded is repeated, the yellow card must not be used again and a more severe penalty must be awarded. There must also be a clear difference between the duration of a yellow card suspension for a minor offence and the duration for a major offence. The yellow card can be shown to a specific player or to the captain for misconduct by the entire team.[13] In this case, the captain is temporarily suspended.
Gaelic games: In camogie, Gaelic football, hurling and ladies' Gaelic football a yellow card (Irish: cárta buí) is given to players for moderate fouls. A player who receives two yellow cards in a single game is sent off and receives a red card.
Handball: A yellow card indicates a warning and can be given to a player or team official for unsportsmanlike conduct, or to a player whose actions are mainly or exclusively directed at the opponent and not at the ball. IHF rules also allow referees to use discretion to award a yellow card outside of these situations.[14]
Mixed Martial Arts promotions PRIDE (defunct), DEEP, and ZST: A warning, the third leads to disqualification.
Racewalking: A yellow card indicates a competitor's foot fails to be on the ground when the rear leg is being raised, or the front leg is not straightened when it makes contact with the ground.[15]
Rugby league: Yellow cards are not usually used in rugby league in the southern hemisphere with referees indicating a 10-minute suspension by raising both arms straight out with fingers spread (to indicate 10 minutes). This is otherwise known as a "sin bin". However, in the northern hemisphere it is common for a referee to use a yellow card in signaling a "sin bin" to indicate 10 minutes instead of using the arm and hand signal used in the southern hemisphere. It is possible for a player to receive seven yellow cards without receiving a red card (a player who receives eight yellow cards in a match will receive a red card, which results in ejection from the match). However, it is up to the referee's discretion at how bad the offences are, and in these cases, a red card may be commonly shown for a second major offence without the presence of a second yellow card.
Rugby union: According to the laws of the game published by the International Rugby Board (IRB), during international matches, any player who commits an offence under Law 10 – Foul Play may be shown a yellow card and suspended from the game for 10 minutes (2 minutes in rugby sevens); the player cannot be replaced during that time.[16] Offences include obstruction, unfair play, repeated infringements, dangerous play and misconduct which is prejudicial to the game. Receiving a yellow card is known colloquially as being sent to the "sin bin". A player receiving a second yellow card in a game will also be shown a red card (see below) meaning that he or she has been sent-off and will be unable to take part in the remainder of the match. In rugby sevens, if a try is scored by the opposing team, the player who received the yellow card automatically returns to the field.
Volleyball: Under FIVB rules a YELLOW card is the second stage of a formal warning for a player(s)/coach for Minor Misconduct, the first being a verbal one given through the team captain. It is recorded on the scoresheet but has no immediate consequences - there is no loss of service (if applicable) and no point awarded to the opposition. It is shown together with a RED card (in one hand) where a player(s)/coach is sanctioned with Expulsion, and (with a card in each hand) separately with a RED card where a player(s)/coach is sanctioned with Disqualification, all such offences are recorded on the scoresheet.
Water polo: Given to entire bench as warning for disrespectful conduct from the coach, individual players, or the entire bench.
Red card[edit]
A red card is used in several sports and most commonly indicates a serious offense and can often mean that a player has been removed from the game and may be barred from the next game as well.
A red card is used in several different sporting codes. Its meaning differs among sports, but it most commonly indicates a serious offence and often results in a player being permanently suspended from the game (commonly known as an ejection, dismissal, expulsion, removal, or sending-off, often with personal embarrassment). Examples include:
Association football: A red card is shown by a referee to signify that a player has been sent off.[3] A player who has been sent off is required to leave the field of play immediately and must take no further part in the game. The player who has been sent off cannot be replaced during the game; his team must continue the game with one player fewer. Only players, substitutes and substituted players may receive a red card. If a goalkeeper receives a red card another player will be allowed to assume goalkeeping duties (teams will usually substitute an outfield player for another goalkeeper if this option is available). A red card will be shown to a player who has committed a serious offense such as violent conduct or an illegal and purposeful obstruction of a goal scoring opportunity for the opposing team. A red card will also be shown to a player who accumulates two yellow cards for more minor offenses.
For more details, see Red card (association football).
Athletics: A red card indicates that the athlete is charged with a false start and a disqualification has been made.[4]
Australian rules football: A red card is issued against a player who has accumulated two yellow cards over the course of a match, or has committed a 'serious reportable offence' (such as striking an umpire or kicking an opponent). A player issued with a red card may not participate for the remainder of the match; however, unlike most sports, the player can be replaced, although not until a length of time equivalent to one-quarter (excluding breaks) has elapsed. Yellow cards and red cards are, however, not issued in the Australian Football League, the highest level of play in Australian rules football.[6]
Badminton: A red card is given to a singles player or doubles pair to penalize subsequent infractions after receiving a yellow card. It counts as fault, meaning the opposing side is awarded a point. After a second red card, a player or pair may be disqualified with a black card at the tournament referee's discretion.[7][8]
Bandy: A red card indicates a match penalty, i.e. a player has been excluded for the remainder of the match and cannot be substituted.[9] Red card offenses include directly attacking an opponent or using abusive language. A coach or substitute may also be penalized with a red card. In this situation, a player currently on the rink also serves a ten-minute penalty, resulting in the number of players being reduced by one.
Canoe polo: A red card indicates a player has been sent off for the remainder of the match and cannot be substituted.[10] A red card can be awarded if a personal attack on a player occurs, repeated foul or abusive language, or when the award of a yellow card is disputed or has not had the desired effect of causing the player to control his play or attitude. A red card is also awarded when a player has received a second yellow card for any reason.
Cricket: In December 2016, it was announced that by October 2017 cricket umpires would be given the power to issue red cards to send off players who have committed the following: “threatening an umpire; physically assaulting another player, umpire, official or spectator; or any other act of violence”.[17]
Fencing: A red card is used to indicate that a fencer has committed an offence that warrants a penalty hit to be awarded to the opponent.[12] Second and subsequent Group 1 offences, all Group 2 offences and first Group 3 offences are penalised with a red card.[12] A red card may also be awarded when, at the second call by the referee, a fencer does not present himself on the piste ready to fence.
Field hockey: A red card results in a player being permanently suspended from the game. The player cannot take any further part in the game and cannot be substituted. Unlike other penalty cards in field hockey, the red card is never given to the captain for team misconduct. In addition to their colour, red cards in field hockey are often circular in shape.[13]
Floorball: A red card is results in the player being ejected from the game and his/her team being penalised with a 5 minute bench penalty. In floorball, the red card can be linked with 3 different types of Match Penalties (MP 1, 2 and 3). MP1 is linked with violent play during the game, such as heavy hits (pushing) against the goal-cage or boarding; this penalty does not cause additional suspension in the tournament. MP2 is linked with offences such as sabotage of the game, mild brawl (no punches), and is also given when a player receives his/her second 5 minute bench penalty; this match penalty causes an automatic 1 game suspension. MP3 is linked with vulgar conduct, such as insulting the referee, another player or spectators, violent conduct that is not directly linked with play (such as punching an opponent); this match penalty causes an automatic 1 game suspension, and is further reviewed by a disciplinary committee that can penalise the player with additional suspension.
A red card shown in a handball match
Gaelic games: In camogie, Gaelic football, hurling and ladies' Gaelic football a red card (Irish: cárta dearg) is given to players for serious fouls and violent conduct. A player who receives two yellow cards in a single game is sent off and receives a red card.
Handball: A red card indicates a disqualification of a player who has committed an offense such as unsportsmanlike conduct, serious foul play, or receiving a third two-minute suspension.[14] A red card prevents a player from playing for the remainder of the match and as a result reduces the number of players that are available to a team. A red card also carries a two-minute suspension for the team, meaning that a team cannot replace the disqualified player until the two-minute team suspension has expired.[14]
Racewalking: A red card indicates that a competitor's foot failed to be on the ground when the rear leg is being raised or that his front leg is not straightened when it makes contact with the ground. A judge would issue a yellow card for the first infraction committed by a competitor. And if the same judge detects the second infraction from the same competitor, a red card is issued. Three red cards, from three different judges, will result in a competitor's disqualification.[15]
Rugby league: Red cards are not usually used in rugby league in the southern hemisphere with referees indicating a player has been sent from the field for the rest of the match with one extended arm above the head with the index finger pointed in the direction of a sideline. However, in the northern hemisphere, it is common for a referee to use a red card in signaling a player has been sent from the field for the rest of the match, with no replacement allowed. It is possible for a player to receive seven yellow cards without receiving a red card (a player who receives eight yellow cards in a match will receive a red card, which results in ejection from the match). However, it is up to the referee's discretion at how bad the offenses are, and in these cases, a red card may be commonly shown for a second major offense without the presence of a second yellow card.
Rugby union: A red card is used to indicate that a player has been sent off and can take no further part in the game.[16] He cannot be replaced, leaving his team with one fewer player for the remainder of the game. During international matches, a player who commits an offense under Law 10 – Foul Play may be shown a red card. Red cards are normally issued for serious offenses. Any player receiving a second yellow card in a game will automatically be shown a red card.
Volleyball: A red card can be issued by the referee for the first instance of Rude Conduct. It is recorded on the scoresheet and results in loss of service (if applicable) and a penalty point to the opposition. Rude Conduct is the only category of sanction punished by a Red card alone, and which results in loss of service (if applicable) and a penalty point. For the sanctions of Expulsion and Disqualification, a Red and Yellow card is shown simultaneously, held together in one hand, or separately in each hand, respectively.
Two Man (beach): The rules vary in one aspect from the six-a-side competition. A red card is shown for the first and any second offense of Rude Conduct in the same set. It is recorded on the scoresheet, resulting in loss of service (if applicable) and a penalty point to the opposition. Otherwise the procedural use of cards is the same as for six-a-side.
Water polo: A red card is issued to a coach or player on the bench for a second incident of misconduct after receiving a yellow card or severe unsporting conduct. A person receiving a red card must leave the competition area.
Other types of penalty cards[edit]
Green card[edit]
In field hockey, a triangular-shaped green card indicates a 2 minute suspension for field players and a warning for a coach.
A Penn State field hockey player receives a green card.
A green card is used in some sports to indicate an official warning to a player who has committed a minor offence that does not warrant a more serious sanction.
Athletics: A green card indicates that the recall did not warrant a warning, which most commonly happens when the machines used to catch false-starters make a mistake.[4]
Canoe polo: A green card indicates an official warning that can be applied to an individual player or a whole team.[10] A green card can be awarded for deliberate unsporting behavior or unnecessary verbal communication to the referee.
Field hockey: A green card indicates an official warning when a minor offence has occurred. A second green card for the same player will result in a yellow card (5 minute suspension). In this case, the umpire will show a green card, followed by a yellow card. When an offence for which a green card has been awarded is repeated, a yellow card should be awarded. A green card can be given to a specific player or to the captain as a warning to the entire team. Cards shown to the captain as a warning to the team are treated separate from cards shown to the captain as a player. In addition to their colour, green cards in field hockey are often triangular in shape.[13] In international competition, the green card carries a two-minute suspension during which time that player's team plays with one fewer player. This is not officially a Rule of hockey, but has been adopted in many domestic competitions at elite club and representative level.
White card[edit]
In bandy, a white card indicates a five-minute penalty while a blue card indicates a ten-minute penalty.
A white card is used in bandy to indicate a five-minute timed penalty given to a player.[9] The offending player must leave the playing area and wait on a penalty bench near the centre line until the penalty has expired. During the 5 minute period the player may not be replaced, although he or she may be replaced with a different player when the penalty has expired. Offences that can warrant a white card include trying to hinder the opponents from executing a free-stroke, illegal substitution or repeated illegal but non-violent attacks on an opponent.
In the 2012 rugby union Super 15 season, a White Card was introduced for incidents of suspected foul play where the referee is unsure of the identity of the perpetrator, or where the referee is unsure if a red card is warranted. The incident is later referred to the citing commissioner, and may result in a suspension for the offending player.[18] It is similar to a citation sign (arms crossed above the head) in rugby league. However, in 2013 the IRB extended the powers of the TMO to include reviewing suspected incidents of foul play.[19] As a result, no white cards were issued in 2013.[20]
Blue card[edit]
A blue card or 'Blue Disk' as pioneered by The Elms, is used in bandy to indicate a ten-minute timed penalty given to a player.[9] The offending player must leave the playing area and wait on a penalty bench near the centre line until the penalty has expired. During the 10 minute period the player may not be replaced, although he or she may be replaced with a different player when the penalty has expired. A blue card is typically shown for offences that are more serious than those warranting a white card including attacking an opponent in a violent or dangerous way, causing advantage by intentionally stopping the ball with a high stick or protesting a referee's decision.
A blue card is also frequently used in indoor soccer in the United States, signifying that the offender must leave the field and stay in a penalty box (usually 2–5 minutes), during which time their team plays down a man (identical to ice hockey and roller hockey). If a goal is scored by the team opposite of the offender, then the offender may return to the field immediately. It is also used in the Clericus Cup association football league for a 5-minute bench penalty for unsportsmanlike play. And it is also used in the beach soccer for a 2-minute bench penalty for unsportsmanlike play.
A Blue Card is also used in Muggle Quidditch to indicate a technical foul. The fouling player is sent to the penalty box for one minute or until a goal is scored against the fouling player's team. Unlike a yellow card, there is no additional penalty for multiple blue cards.[21]
In European indoor soccer or Futsal, a Blue Card was used to send a player off the court; however the team was able to replace him with another player. The offending player could not return to play during the match. A blue card was shown directly for foul play or verbal abuse, if the same player had received two yellow cards, or if he had accumulated a total of 5 fouls during the game.
The Blue Card has been in use in Handball since the International Handball Federation announced a rule change that came into effect on July 1, 2016.[22] First the Red Card is shown, then the referee will after a short discussion show the blue card. Following that a written report will accompany the score sheet and the Disciplinary Commission will then decide on further actions against the player.[23]
Black card[edit]
A black card in fencing indicates an offense serious enough to warrant a suspension
A black card is used in fencing. It is issued by the director, or the referee for severe rule infractions.[12] A second instance of a Group 3 offence, and all Group 4 offences including deliberate brutality, refusal to fence, refusal to salute, and refusal to shake hands can be punished with a black card.[12] When the black card is issued, the offending fencer is excluded from the remainder of the competition and may be suspended from further tournaments. In the official record of the tournament, his or her name is replaced with the words "FENCER EXCLUDED".[24]
A black card is also used in the sport of badminton to indicate disqualification.[25]
In the Gaelic Games of Gaelic football and hurling, a tick or black book – was formerly recorded against a player for a minor infringement not warranting a yellow card, though multiple bookings will result in the issuance of a yellow card. The act of the referee physically holding up his black notebook in the same manner as a card has been discontinued by the GAA.[26]
Beginning January 1, 2014 a player in Gaelic football can be ordered off the pitch for the remainder of the game with a substitution allowed by being physically shown a Black Card (the referee's black notebook) in the same manner as any other penalty card for "cynical behaviour," including blatant tripping, pulling down and bodychecking. This forced substitution is an intermediate punishment between the yellow and red cards. A player who receives a yellow card and a black card in the same game is sent off without any substitute being permitted.[27]
See also[edit]
Racing instruction flags
Penalty flag
Walk of shame
Ejection
Shows red card to abuser
Show Racism the Red Card
Yellow Card Scheme
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Radio Authority publishes Programming & Advertising Review for fourth quarter of 2000". ofcom.org.uk.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ken Aston – the inventor of yellow and red cards". fifa.com. Retrieved February 20, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Laws of the Game". fifa.com. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c "IAAF Starting Guidelines" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "IAAF sanctions immediate disqualification for false starts come January". The Daily Telegraph. London. August 12, 2009. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "AFL Laws of the Game" (PDF). AFL Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 22, 2012. Retrieved October 20, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Laws of badminton". bwfbadminton.org. Badminton World Federation. pp. 10–11. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Recommendations to technical officials". bwfbadminton.org. Badminton World Federation. pp. 8–9. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Bandy – Rules of Play". internationalbandy.com. Retrieved June 10, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c "International Canoe Polo – Rules of Play". canoepolonz.org.nz. Archived from the original on October 14, 2008. Retrieved June 12, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "FEI General Regulations" (PDF). fei.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 4, 2008. Retrieved September 17, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "FIE Competition Rules". britishfencing.com. Retrieved Sep 8, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Rules of Hockey" (PDF). FIH. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "International Handball Federation – Rules of the Game 2005". ihf.info. Retrieved June 8, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Mike Rosenbaum. "Olympic Race Walking Basics". About.com Sports.
^ Jump up to: a b "International Rugby Board – Laws of the Game". irb.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2008. Retrieved June 8, 2008.
Jump up ^ "MCC recommends sendings off be introduced into laws of cricket". The Guardian. 7 December 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Super Rugby: White card set for Super Rugby bow - Live Rugby News - ESPN Scrum". ESPN scrum.
Jump up ^ "Rugby365 - New TMO protocol". rugby365.com.
Jump up ^ "Rennie apologises for bizarre semi incident". Stuff.
Jump up ^ "Quidditch Rulebook" (PDF).
Jump up ^ http://www.olympichandball.org/2016/03/04/ihf-announces-rule-changes-effective-july-1st-2016/
Jump up ^ http://cms.eurohandball.com/PortalData/1/Resources/1_ehf_main/3_download_pdf/Rule_changes_2016_03_01.pdf
Jump up ^ "Fencing For Parents". U.S. Fencing – The Official Website of the U.S. Fencing Association. Archived from the original on 2008-06-25. Retrieved 2008-08-14.
Jump up ^ "8 badminton players tossed from Olympic doubles after being accused of throwing matches". New York Post. Associated Press. 1 August 2012. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ Keys, Colm (May 8, 2009). "GAA throw caution to wind and abandon black books". Irish Independent.
Jump up ^ "GAA passcontroversial 'black card' rule". Irish Independent. 23 March 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2013.
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I Write Sins Not Tragedies
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
Single by Panic! at the Disco
from the album A Fever You Can't Sweat Out
Released
February 27, 2006 (2006-02-27)
Format
CD
7"
Recorded
August 2005
Genre
Emo[1][2]
pop punk[1][3]
baroque pop[4]
Length
3:06
Label
Fueled by Ramen
Decaydance
Songwriter(s)
Ryan Ross
Brendon Urie
Spencer Smith
Producer(s)
Matt Squire
Panic! at the Disco singles chronology
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage"
(2005) "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
(2006) "But It's Better If You Do"
(2006)
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage"
(2005) "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
(2006) "But It's Better If You Do"
(2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is a song by American rock band Panic! at the Disco, and is the second single from their debut studio album, A Fever You Can't Sweat Out (2005). It was released on April 27, 2006 on both CD and 7" vinyl. The pizzicato cello motif that the song is built upon was played by session musician Heather Stebbins. The song reached No. 7 on the United States Billboard Hot 100. This was the band's only top forty hit until the release of "Hallelujah" in 2015. While the song failed to hit the top 10 on the Alternative Songs chart peaking at No. 12 which was lower than their prior single, "The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" which peaked at No. 5, the song's success on the Hot 100 and Mainstream Top 40 (at No. 2) charts was what made the song one of the biggest modern rock hits of 2006 and is still one of the band's most played songs on alternative radio stations to this day.[5]
In the UK, the song was released on February 27, 2006 as a limited edition single with a free sticker. Because the sticker was included with the CD single, the song was not eligible for the UK Singles Chart. Official Charts Company rules state that stickers are not allowed in single releases. Later, in September 2006, due to the popularity of the track and following further single releases there of "Lying Is the Most Fun a Girl Can Have Without Taking Her Clothes Off" and "But It's Better If You Do", going top 40 there, the single was re-released on October 30, 2006. Despite receiving significant radio airplay upon its re-release, the single only reached No. 25 in the UK Singles Chart.[6]
Many U.S. radio stations, in response to the language found in the song, wanted an edited version. The lyrics "The poor groom's bride is a whore" and "Haven't you people ever heard of closing a goddamn door?" were changed by replacing "whore" with a "shhh" sound and removing "god" in "goddamn". Some stations — generally modern rock stations – still play the original version.[7]
The song was covered by Fall Out Boy, fellow Decaydance band, for their live album, ****: Live in Phoenix. (Fall Out Boy commonly uses the song's chorus as a lead-in to "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" in concert.)[8]
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" was ranked No. 3 in Billboard's Best 2000's Video poll.[9]
Contents
[hide]
1 Title
2 Music video
3 Track listing
4 Charts and certifications
4.1 Weekly charts
4.2 Year-end charts
4.3 Certifications
5 References
6 External links
Title[edit]
The title of the song refers to Douglas Coupland's novel Shampoo Planet, wherein the main character, Tyler Johnson, says: "I am writing a list of tragic character flaws on my dollar bills with a felt pen. I am thinking of the people in my universe and distilling for each of these people the one flaw in their character that will be their downfall — the flaw that will be their undoing. What I write are not sins; I write tragedies."[10]
Music video[edit]
Brendon Urie and Daniel Isaac in the music video.
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is Panic! at the Disco's first single to have a music video. ("The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" was the first single, but no video was filmed.) The video for the song takes place at a strange, circus-themed wedding played by the Lucent Dossier Vaudeville Cirque.
The video starts as the bride, played by Jessie Preston, and groom, Daniel Isaac McGuffey, are about to be married. Her family dress and behave formally, but are revealed later to have fallen asleep and have eyes painted on their eyelids. His family are lower-class entertainers and carnival folk, and interrupt the wedding. The ringmaster, played by vocalist Brendon Urie, acts as narrator and disrupts the events. After an argument between the two families, the bride runs out and is followed by one of her guests. The ringmaster drags the groom outside by his tie, where his fiancée is kissing the guest who followed her out of the church. The groom straightens up, looking shocked, and Urie and the groom bow to the camera. The ringmaster is revealed to be the groom's alter ego.[11]
The music video by director Shane Drake won the award for Video of the Year during the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards. This marked the first occasion since the 1989 VMAs that the winner of Video of the Year did not win anything else. The video was also ranked No. 7 on VH1's list of the Top 100 Videos of 2006.[12]
The video was shot in December 2005. According to vocalist Brendon Urie, he and guitarist Ryan Ross suffered from the flu while filming the video clip.[13] In August 2011, the video won Best VMA Winning Video of All Time, in a worldwide poll on MTV's website.[14]
Track listing[edit]
UK 7" poster bag (February 2006)
A. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
UK CD single (February 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"Nails for Breakfast, Tacks for Snacks" (demo version)
WMI CD single (May 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" – 3:10
"Nails for Breakfast, Tacks for Snacks" (demo version) – 3:57
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" (Tommie Sunshine Brooklyn Fire Remix) – 5:04
Panic! at the Disco – "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
30-second sample from Panic! at the Disco "I Write Sins Not Tragedies", from the album A Fever You Can't Sweat Out.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
UK CD single (October 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"Karma Police" (Live in Denver)
UK 7" gatefold sleeve (October 2006)
A. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
B. "But It's Better If You Do" (Live from Glasgow)
UK 7" picture disc (October 2006)
A. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
B. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (Live in Denver)
Enhanced CD single (October 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"Nails for Breakfast, Tacks for Snacks" (demo version)
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" (Tommie Sunshine Brooklyn Fire Remix)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (video)
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2006)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[15]
12
Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[16]
12
Germany (Official German Charts)[17]
66
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[18]
29
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[19]
45
Ireland (IRMA)[20]
50
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[21]
5
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[22]
23
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[23]
25
US Billboard Hot 100[24]
7
US Alternative Songs (Billboard)[25]
12
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[26]
16
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[27]
2
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2006)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[28]
50
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[29]
247
US Billboard Hot 100[30]
20
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[31]
Gold 400,000
United States (RIAA)[32]
4× Platinum 4,000,000
Ringtone
United States (RIAA)[33]
Gold 500,000^
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Tamsyn Wilce. "Track by track: Panic! At The Disco – Too Weird To Live, Too Rare To Die". gigwise.com.
Jump up ^ "Panic! At the Disco's 'This Is Gospel' review: Unstoppable". September 2, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Rose, Ethan. "Best Early 2000s Pop Punk Songs". Rant Hollywood. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stanton, Elleah (2016). "Panic! at the disco I write sins not tragedies analysis". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Billboard". Retrieved 24 December 2015.
Jump up ^ name=theodysseyonline> Wiener, Robert (2016). "10 Facts About Panic! At The Disco". theodysseyonline. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ name=Songfacts> "I WRITE SINS NOT TRAGEDIES by PANIC! AT THE DISCO". Songfacts. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ "I Write Sins Not Tragedies by Panic! At the Disco". secondhandsongs.
Jump up ^ name=theodysseyonline> Wiener, Robert (2016). "10 Facts About Panic! At The Disco". theodysseyonline. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ name=Songfacts> "I WRITE SINS NOT TRAGEDIES by PANIC! AT THE DISCO". Songfacts. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ video documenting the making of the music video on YouTube
Jump up ^ Watch the latest Music Video by Shakira from Oral Fixation, Vol. 2 | See Hips Don't Lie (featuring Wyclef Jean) Online|VH1.com
Jump up ^ "Panic! at the Disco - Interview 2006". Retrieved 2006-12-17.
Jump up ^ John Mitchell (2011-08-24). "Poll: Best VMA-Winning Video Of The Year Of All Time". MTV. Retrieved Feb 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (in Dutch). Ultratip.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – Panic! at the Disco Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Panic! at the Disco search results" (in Dutch) Dutch Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Chart Track: Week 44, 2006". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Archive Chart: 2006-11-11". Scottish Singles Top 40. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archive Chart: 2006-11-11" UK Singles Chart. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco – Chart history" Billboard Hot 100 for Panic at the Disco. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco – Chart history" Billboard Alternative Songs for Panic at the Disco. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco – Chart history" Billboard Adult Pop Songs for Panic at the Disco. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco – Chart history" Billboard Pop Songs for Panic at the Disco. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts - End Of Year Charts - Top 100 Singles 2006". Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "End of Year 2004" (PDF). UKChartsPlus. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hot 100 Songs: Year End 2006". Billboard. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Panic at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". British Phonographic Industry. Enter I Write Sins Not Tragedies in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved August 12, 2013. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
External links[edit]
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" Official music video on YouTube
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[show]
v
t
e
Panic! at the Disco
Brendon Urie
Brent Wilson
Ryan Ross
Jon Walker
Spencer Smith
Dallon Weekes
Studio albums
A Fever You Can't Sweat Out
Pretty. Odd.
Vices & Virtues
Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!
Death of a Bachelor
Live albums
Live in Chicago
Singles
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage"
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"But It's Better If You Do"
"Lying Is the Most Fun a Girl Can Have Without Taking Her Clothes Off"
"Build God, Then We'll Talk"
"Nine in the Afternoon"
"Mad as Rabbits"
"That Green Gentleman (Things Have Changed)"
"Northern Downpour"
"The Ballad of Mona Lisa"
"Ready to Go (Get Me Out of My Mind)"
"Let's Kill Tonight"
"Miss Jackson"
"This Is Gospel"
"Girls / Girls / Boys"
"Hallelujah"
"Victorious"
"Emperor's New Clothes"
Other songs
"New Perspective"
"Death of a Bachelor"
"LA Devotee"
"Don't Threaten Me with a Good Time"
"Crazy=Genius"
Tours
Vices & Virtues Tour
Weezer & Panic! at the Disco Summer Tour 2016
Death of a Bachelor Tour
Related articles
Band members
Discography
List of songs recorded
The Young Veins
[show]
v
t
e
MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year (2000s)
2000
Eminem — "The Real Slim Shady"
2001
Christina Aguilera, Lil' Kim, Mýa and P!nk — "Lady Marmalade"
2002
Eminem — "Without Me"
2003
Missy Elliott — "Work It"
2004
OutKast — "Hey Ya!"
2005
Green Day — "Boulevard of Broken Dreams"
2006
Panic! at the Disco — "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
2007
Rihanna (featuring Jay-Z) — "Umbrella"
2008
Britney Spears — "Piece of Me"
2009
Beyoncé — "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)"
Complete list
(1980s)
(1990s)
(2000s)
(2010s)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I_Write_Sins_Not_Tragedies&oldid=797429313"
Categories:
2006 singles
Panic! at the Disco songs
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2005 songs
Songs written by Ryan Ross
Music videos directed by Shane Drake
Songs about marriage
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text:
Evacuations of civilians in Britain during World War II
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The UK Ministry of Health advertised the evacuation programme through posters, among other means. The poster depicted here was used in the London Underground.
The evacuation of civilians in Britain during the Second World War was designed to protect people, especially children, from the risks associated with aerial bombing of cities by moving them to areas thought to be less at risk. Operation Pied Piper, which began on 1 September 1939, officially relocated more than 3.5 million people. There were further waves of official evacuation and re-evacuation from the south and east coasts in June 1940, when a seaborne invasion was expected, and from affected cities after the Blitz began in September 1940. There were also official evacuations from the UK to other parts of the British Empire, and many non-official evacuations within and from the UK. Other mass movements of civilians included British citizens arriving from the Channel Islands, and displaced people arriving from continental Europe.
Child evacuees from Bristol arriving at Brent in Devon in 1940
The Government Evacuation Scheme was developed during summer 1938 by the Anderson Committee and implemented by the Ministry of Health. The country was divided into zones, classified as either "evacuation", "neutral", or "reception", with priority evacuees being moved from the major urban centres and billeted on the available private housing in more rural areas. Each zone covered roughly a third of the population, although several urban areas later bombed had not been classified for evacuation. In early 1939, the reception areas compiled lists of available housing. Space was found for about 2000 people, and the government also constructed camps which provided a few thousand additional spaces.
In summer 1939, the government began to publicise its plan through the local authorities. They had overestimated demand: only half of all school-aged children were moved from the urban areas instead of the expected 80%. There was enormous regional variation: as few as 15% of the children were evacuated from some urban areas, while over 60% of children were evacuated from Manchester, Belfast and Liverpool. The refusal of the central government to spend large sums on preparation also reduced the effectiveness of the plan. In the event over 1,474,000 people were evacuated.
Contents
[hide]
1 Evacuation
1.1 Evacuation Centres
1.2 Overseas Evacuation
2 Other evacuations
3 Cultural impact
4 See also
5 References
6 Further reading
7 External links
Evacuation[edit]
Evacuees from Bristol boarding a bus at Kingsbridge in Devon en route to their billets in 1940
Evacuees in Montgomeryshire, 1939
Almost 3.75 million people were displaced, with around a third of the entire population experiencing some effects of the evacuation. In the first three days of official evacuation, 1.5 million people were moved: 827,000 children of school age; 524,000 mothers and young children (under 5); 13,000 pregnant women; 70,000 disabled people and over 103,000 teachers and other 'helpers'.[1] Children were parted from their parents.
Goods as well as people were evacuated. Art treasures were sent to distant storage: The National Gallery collection spent the war at the Manod Quarry near Ffestiniog, North Wales.[2] The Bank of England moved to the small town of Overton, Hampshire and in 1939–40 moved 2,154 tons of gold to the vaults of the Bank of Canada in Ottawa.[3][4] The BBC moved variety production to Bristol and Bedford and moved senior staff to Wood Norton[5] near Evesham, Worcestershire. Many senior Post Office staff were relocated to Harrogate. Some private companies moved head offices or their most vital records to comparative safety away from major cities.
Government functions were also evacuated. Under "Plan Yellow",[6][7] some 23,000 civil servants and their paperwork were dispatched to available hotels in the better coastal resorts and spa towns. Other hotels were requisitioned and emptied for a possible last-ditch "Black Move"[6][7] should London be destroyed or threatened by invasion. Under this plan, the nucleus of government would relocate to the West Midlands—the War Cabinet and ministers would move to Hindlip Hall, Bevere House and Malvern College near Worcester and Parliament to Stratford-upon-Avon.[8] Winston Churchill was to relocate to Spetchley Park whilst King George VI and other members of the royal family would take up residence at Madresfield Court near Malvern.[9]
In Manchester children were dispatched from Piccadilly train station. St James' School, Gorton sent children aged 5 to 14 to areas such as Hazel Grove near Stockport (9 miles away). In one case, a mother with her two youngest children were separated from the rest of their family and sent to Blackpool (52 miles away), where she gave birth to a girl at the Hydro Hotel.[10] The family were separated for about two years, with communications only by letters, which were often not passed on to the children.
Some strained areas took the children into local schools by adopting the World War I expedient of "double shift education"—taking twice as long but also doubling the number taught. The movement of teachers also meant that almost a million children staying home had no source of education.
Evacuation Centres[edit]
Marchant's Hill School was an evacuation camp of wooden buildings built at Hindhead in Surrey. This is the dining hall in use in 1944.
In 1939 the British Government passed the Camps Act 1939[11] which established the National Camps Corporation as a body to design and build residential camps for young people, which could provide opportunities for outdoor learning and also act as evacuation centres in the event of war. The architect T. S. Tait was responsible for the design of the buildings, which included accommodation for over 200 children and staff, recreational halls, wash blocks and a dining hall/kitchen complex. These camps were replicated in over thirty different rural locations around the country. During the war years, they acted as safe refuges for city children. After the war the ownership of the sites was transferred to the local authorities. Over the years most of these sites have been lost, but the best preserved example today is Sayers Croft at Ewhurst, Surrey. The dining hall and kitchen complex is protected as a Grade II listed building because of the importance of Tait's work, and because of the painted murals depicting the life of the many evacuees.
Overseas Evacuation[edit]
The Children's Overseas Reception Board (CORB) approved 24,000 children for evacuation overseas. Between June and September 1940, 1,532 children were evacuated to Canada, mainly through the Pier 21 immigration terminal; 577 to Australia; 353 to South Africa and 202 to New Zealand. The scheme was cancelled after the City of Benares was torpedoed on 17 September 1940, killing 77 of the 90 CORB children aboard. However, in 1940 and 1941 about 14,000 children were evacuated privately to overseas relatives or foster families, including 6,000 to Canada and 5,000 to the United States.[12]
Other evacuations[edit]
Some parents who missed their children were tempted to bring them back from evacuation. This Ministry of Health poster was published to discourage them.
A second evacuation effort started during and after the fall of France. From 13 to 18 June 1940, around 100,000 children were evacuated (in many cases re-evacuated). Efforts were made to remove the vulnerable from coastal towns in southern and eastern England facing German-controlled areas. By July, over 200,000 children had been moved; some towns in Kent and East Anglia evacuated over 40% of the population. Also, some 30,000 people arrived from continental Europe and from 20 to 24 June 25,000 people arrived from the Channel Islands.
One of the speediest moves was accomplished by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway when it transferred its headquarters out of London. The company took over The Grove, on the estate of the Earl of Clarendon in Hertfordshire. This was made ready as offices and a number of huts built in the surrounding park. On 1 September 1939, it was decided to move in and the transfer was completed before war was declared two days later. Within three days some 3,000 of the staff were based at the new headquarters.[13]
Men of German (and later Italian) origin were interned from 12 May 1940. Many interned were refugees from Nazi Germany. By July, almost all of these men under 70 were held in military camps, mainly on the Isle of Man. At first, unnecessary mistreatment was common, but conditions soon improved. For many interned persons, conditions in the camps were not especially unpleasant.
Evacuee children returning to Southampton from Australia aboard the troop ship Andes in September 1945. Note the wartime anti-aircraft gun mount in the background.
When the Blitz began in September 1940, there were clear grounds for evacuation. Free travel and billeting allowance were offered to those who made private arrangements. They were also given to children, the elderly, the disabled, pregnant women, the ill and those who had lost their homes (some 250,000 in the first six weeks in London). By the combination of all the state and private efforts, London's population was reduced by almost 25%. As bombing affected more towns, "assisted private evacuation" was extended.
London proved resilient to bombing despite the heavy bombardment. The destruction in the smaller towns was more likely to provoke panic and spontaneous evacuations. The number of official evacuees rose to a peak of 1.37 million by February 1941. By September, it stood at just over one million. By the end of 1943, there were just 350,000 people officially billeted. Still, the V-1 flying bomb attacks from June 1944 provoked another significant exodus from London. Up to 1.5 million people left by September — only 20% were "official" evacuees.
From September 1944, the evacuation process was officially halted and reversed for most areas except for London and the East coast. Returning to London was not officially approved until June 1945. In March 1946, the billeting scheme was ended, with 38,000 people still without homes.
Cultural impact[edit]
Evacuee children on a haycart at Chapel Cleeve, Somerset in 1942
This stained glass window by Michael Stokes, in All Saints church, Sudbury, Derbyshire, was a gift from former Manchester evacuees to the community where they were looked after during the war
The movement of urban children of all classes to unfamiliar rural locations, without their parents, had a major impact. The Evacuees Reunion Association was formed with the support of the Imperial War Museum. It provides opportunities for former evacuees to contribute and share evacuation experiences and for researchers to request information such as the long-term effects of evacuation upon children.
The evacuation spawned a whole literature of children's and young adult fiction. The convenience of the setting for the writer is clear, allowing the child heroes to have adventures in a strange, new world. Some of the authors, like Nina Bawden, had themselves experienced evacuation.
Kitty Barne's Carnegie Medal-winning Visitors from London (1940) is an early novel about evacuees, set in Sussex.
In Richmal Crompton's William and the Evacuees (1940), William Brown is envious of the special treats the evacuees receive and organizes an 'evacuation' of the village children.
In C. S. Lewis's novel, The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (1950), the Pevensie children are evacuated from London to the stately manor that contains the wardrobe portal to Narnia. It is never stated in which part of England the house was situated.
William Golding's novel, Lord of the Flies (1954), is about a planeful of evacuating children who are shot down over a tropical island.
Michael Bond's beloved children's book character, Paddington Bear (1958), is an anthropomorphised orphan bear, who —having stowed away from "Darkest Peru"— is found by a family at Paddington railway station in London, sitting on his suitcase with a note attached to his coat that reads, "Please look after this bear. Thank you." Bond has said that his memories of newsreels showing trainloads of child evacuees leaving London during WWII, with labels around their necks and their possessions in small suitcases, prompted him to do the same for Paddington.[14]
Nina Bawden's novel, Carrie's War (1973), is about Carrie and Nick, who encounter different religions when they are evacuated to Wales.
Noel Streatfeild's novel, When the Sirens Wailed (1974), is about three evacuees and covers issues like rations for evacuees, relationship between evacuees and townspeople, and the problems encountered by those who stayed behind.
Michael Morpurgo's novel, Friend or Foe (1977), is about two evacuees who befriend the crew of a crashed German bomber hiding on Dartmoor.
Diana Wynne Jones's novel, A Tale of Time City (1987) begins with the main character, Vivian, being evacuated from London. Jones herself was evacuated to Wales in 1939.[15]
Michelle Magorian's novel, Goodnight Mister Tom (1981), tells the story of the evacuee Willie Beech and elderly Thomas Oakley with whom he is billeted. It was made into a TV film starring John Thaw as Mr Tom.
In the Disney sequel to Peter Pan, Return to Neverland, Wendy Darling's children Jane and Daniel are to prepare for evacuation before Jane is kidnapped by Captain Hook. The introduction to the movie details about the evacuation order and how children need Peter Pan now more than ever.
Kit Pearson's Guests of War trilogy, beginning with The Sky Is Falling (1989), chronicles the story of ten-year-old Norah Stoakes and her younger brother Gavin, who are evacuated to Toronto.
Boys from Rotherhithe Nautical School in Bermondsey doing boat drill at Ferryside in Carmarthenshire in 1940
Novels for adults featuring evacuation and evacuees are:
Put Out More Flags by Evelyn Waugh, in which Waugh's anti-hero Basil Seal uses his position as Billeting Officer to extort bribes (for moving disruptive children elsewhere) from hapless and reluctant hosts.
Noel Streatfeild's adult novel Saplings (1945)
Connie Willis's two-volume novel, Blackout/All Clear (2010) has extensive chapters about a time travelling character from the future, a historian named Merope (she takes on the persona of Eileen O'Reilly, an Irish maid), who intends to study the impact of evacuation on the children. When she becomes stranded in the past, she eventually adopts two bratty children to raise herself.
Non-fiction:
Out of Harm's Way by Jessica Mann (Headline Publishers 2005) tells the story of the overseas evacuation of children from Britain in the Second World War.
In Pam Hobbs's memoir Don't Forget to Write: the true story of an evacuee and her family (2009), a 10-year-old is evacuated in 1940 from Leigh-on-Sea, Essex to Derbyshire, where she lives with a number of families and encounters a range of receptions from love to outright hostility – and enormous cultural differences.
Alan Derek Clifton published his memories of being evacuated to Northern Rhodesia in 1940 in the book entitled, From Cockney to Colonial (And Back Again) (2010).
Ben Wicks's No Time to Wave Goodbye and The Day They Took the Children, The Story of evacuation for many in England, complete with letters home from children
Other:
Stephen Poliakoff's television drama, Perfect Strangers (2001), includes a lengthy flashback of two evacuated sisters who leave the family they are sent to and live as wild children in the woods for the remainder of the war.
In the movie, Bedknobs and Broomsticks (1971), the evacuated children are taken in by a good witch-in-training.
In the movie, The Woman in Black 2: Angel of Death (2014), the major plot of the film involves a headmistress and a teacher evacuating a group of children out of London. One of the children lost his parents in a Blitz.
See also[edit]
Girls from Notre Dame High School in Battersea bathing in the River Towy at Llandovery, Carmarthenshire in 1940
World War II portal
Battle of Britain
British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War
Children's Overseas Reception Board
Evacuations of children in Germany during World War II
Evacuations of civilians in Japan during World War II
The Government Evacuation Scheme
Kindertransport
Evacuation of civilians from the Channel Islands in 1940
Q Camp: experimental children's community
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Evacuation". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 17 April 2010. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "Hidden treasures". Retrieved 2012-08-12.
Jump up ^ "Bank of Canada Releases Interim Report 1997 – Press Releases – Publications and Research – Bank of Canada". Bank of Canada. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
Jump up ^ "Bank Of England Archive: Records On Wartime Gold Transactions". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 17 November 1997. Archived from the original on 8 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
Jump up ^ Subterranea Britannica: Wood Norton Hall
^ Jump up to: a b Cox, Noel (1998). "The Continuity of Government in the face of enemy – the British experience, part 1". Forts and Works. 6: 17–19.
^ Jump up to: a b Cox, Noel (1999). "The Continuity of Government in the face of enemy attack – the British experience, part 2". Forts and Works. 7: 11–14.
Jump up ^ "Where did the government go?". Retrieved 2007-05-30.
Jump up ^ Tweedie, Neil (2011-01-19). "Madresfield Court: The King's redoubt if Hitler called". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 2012-08-12.
Jump up ^ Riley, Joan (2012-09-12). The Age of Innocence: Memoirs of Wartime England. True Stories.
Jump up ^ National Archives. "Camps Act". Retrieved 2012-07-17.
Jump up ^ Calder, Angus (1969). The People’s War: Britain 1939–45. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 139. ISBN 0712652841.
Jump up ^ Williams, Michael (2013). Steaming to Victory: How Britain's Railways Won the War. New York and London: Preface Publishing. p. 54. ISBN 1848093144.
Jump up ^ Midgley, Emma (13 February 2012). "Paddington Bear 'inspired by evacuees' says author Bond". BBC Online. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "Chrestomanci Castle: Something About the author". Diana Wynne Jones. Retrieved 2009-09-01.
Further reading[edit]
Johnson, Derek E (1985). Exodus of Children: Story of the Evacuation, 1939–45. Clacton-on-Sea: Pennyfarthing Publications. ISBN 0-9500031-1-5.

Parsons M. (ed) Children. The Invisible Victims of War. . DSM Oct.2008 ISBN 0954722949
Parsons M. War Child. Children Caught in Conflict. History Press. Jan 08 ISBN 9780752442938
Parsons M. Manchester Evacuation. The Exception to the Rule. DSM publishing. April 2004 ISBN 0954722906
Parsons M. ‘I’ll take that one!’ Dispelling the Myths of Civilian Evacuation in the UK during World War Two. 290pp Beckett Karlson. Dec. 1998. ISBN 1 901292037.
Parsons M. Waiting to go home!. Beckett Karlson. August 1999. ISBN 0953651606
Parsons M & Starns P. ‘The Evacuation. The true Story’ October 1999. DSM & BBC. ISBN 0953651614 (50%)
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to British evacuees in the Second World War.
BBC
BBC People's War – Yvonne Devereux 'Evacuated to Canada'
How We Lived Then – extract from Norman Longmate book
CLUTCH Club
History Learning Site
Lecture transcript on Operation Pied Piper, 31 May 2006
The Evacuees Reunion Association
Watch the documentary Children from Overseas online
Read Luck of the Irish by Ronnie Carroll, a distressing story being a London evacuee
Operation Pied Piper
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Springfield
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Look up Springfield in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Springfield may refer to:
Springfield (toponym), the place name in general
Contents
[hide]
1 Places and locations
1.1 Australia
1.2 Belize
1.3 Canada
1.4 Ireland
1.5 New Zealand
1.6 South Africa
1.7 United Kingdom
1.8 United States
1.9 United States Virgin Islands
1.10 Amtrak stations
1.11 Theme park areas
1.12 Fictional places
2 People with the surname
2.1 Fictional characters
3 Other uses
4 See also
Places and locations[edit]
Australia[edit]
Springfield, New South Wales (Central Coast)
Springfield, New South Wales (Snowy Monaro Regional Council)
Springfield, Queensland
Springfield, South Australia
Springfield, Victoria in Buloke Shire, north-western Victoria
Springfield, Victoria (Macedon Ranges), in central Victoria
Belize[edit]
Springfield, Belize
Canada[edit]
Rural Municipality of Springfield, in Manitoba
Springfield (provincial electoral district), an electoral division in Manitoba
Springfield, New Brunswick (disambiguation)
Springfield, Newfoundland and Labrador
Springfield, Nova Scotia
Springfield, Ontario
Springfield, Prince Edward Island
Ireland[edit]
Springfield, a townland in County Offaly
Springfield, a townland in County Westmeath
New Zealand[edit]
Springfield, New Zealand
South Africa[edit]
Springfield, Gauteng
United Kingdom[edit]
RGS Springfield, mixed-sex junior school of RGS Worcester
Springfield, Birmingham, England
Springfield, Caerphilly, a place in Caerphilly County Borough, Wales
Springfield, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland
Springfield, Dumfries and Galloway, a place in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland
Springfield, Essex, Chelmsford, England
Springfield, Fife, Scotland
Springfield, Highland, a place in Highland, Scotland
Springfield (Hackney ward), London Borough of Hackney, England
Springfield, Milton Keynes, England
Springfield, Sandwell, a place in Sandwell, England
Springfield, an area in Sutton Farm, a suburb of Shrewsbury, England
Springfield, Wigan, a place in Wigan, England
Springfield, Wolverhampton, England
Springfield University Hospital, Tooting, London, England
United States[edit]
Springfield, Alabama, unincorporated community
Springfield, Arkansas
Springfield, California
Springfield, Colorado
Springfield, Florida, a city in Bay County
Springfield (Jacksonville), Florida, a neighborhood
Springfield, Georgia
Springfield, Idaho
Springfield, Illinois, the state capital of Illinois
Springfield metropolitan area, Illinois
Springfield, LaPorte County, Indiana
Springfield, Posey County, Indiana
Springfield, Kentucky
Springfield, Louisiana
Springfield, Maine
Springfield, Massachusetts, the first Springfield settled in America
Springfield metropolitan area, Massachusetts, the most populous Metropolitan Springfield Area
Springfield, Michigan, a city in Calhoun County
Springfield, Minnesota, in Brown County
Springfield, Missouri, the most populous Springfield in the United States
Springfield metropolitan area, Missouri
Springfield, Nebraska
Springfield, New Hampshire
Springfield Township, Burlington County, New Jersey (referred to as "Springfield")
Springfield Township, Union County, New Jersey (referred to as "Springfield")
Springfield/Belmont, Newark, New Jersey, a neighborhood of Newark
Springfield, New York
Springfield, Ohio
Springfield, Oregon
Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania (referred to as "Springfield")
Springfield Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania
Springfield, South Carolina
Springfield, South Dakota
Springfield, Tennessee
Springfield, Texas, Jim Wells County
Springfield, former town and county seat of Limestone County, Texas, now part of Fort Parker State Park
Springfield, Vermont
Springfield (CDP), Vermont
Springfield, Virginia
Springfield, Albemarle County, Virginia
Springfield (Coatesville, Virginia), a historic home
Springfield, Page County, Virginia
Springfield, Westmoreland County, Virginia
Springfield, West Virginia
Springfield, Dane County, Wisconsin, a town
Springfield Corners, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
Springfield, Jackson County, Wisconsin, a town
Springfield, Marquette County, Wisconsin, a town
Springfield, St. Croix County, Wisconsin, a town
Springfield, Walworth County, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community
United States Virgin Islands[edit]
Springfield, U.S. Virgin Islands
Amtrak stations[edit]
Franconia–Springfield station, Virginia
Springfield station (Illinois)
Springfield Union Station (Massachusetts)
Theme park areas[edit]
Springfield (Universal Studios Florida)
Springfield (Universal Studios Hollywood)
Fictional places[edit]
Springfield (Guiding Light), a community in the television soap opera Guiding Light
Springfield, setting of the American comedy TV series Father Knows Best
Springfield (G.I. Joe), a town in the G.I. Joe comic book series
Springfield (The Simpsons), hometown of the Simpson family in The Simpsons
"$pringfield (or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling)", a 1993 episode of The Simpsons
People with the surname[edit]
Adam Springfield (born 1982), American actor
Dusty Springfield (1939–1999), English pop singer (born Mary O'Brien)
Molly Springfield (born 1977), American artist
Rick Springfield (born 1949), American pop singer
Tom Springfield (born 1934), American musician, songwriter, record producer, brother of Dusty (born Dion O'Brien)
Fictional characters[edit]
Jebediah Springfield, founder of Springfield, from The Simpsons
Negi Springfield, the main anime character from Mahou Sensei Negima
Other uses[edit]
Springfield (horse), an English Thoroughbred racehorse
Springfield Armory, in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts, the primary center for the manufacture of U.S. military firearms from 1777 until its closing in 1968
Springfield rifle
USS Springfield, any of several ships by that name
The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Massachusetts, referred to as "Springfield"
Springfield (album), a 1996 album by Carole Fredericks
"Springfield", a 2015 single by ItaloBrothers and Martin Tungevaag
See also[edit]
Springfeld, Saskatchewan
Attack on Springfield, in 1675, Springfield, Massachusetts, was burned to the ground during King Philip's War
Battle of Springfield (1780), near Springfield, New Jersey, during the American Revolutionary War
First Battle of Springfield, an October 25, 1861, battle of the American Civil War in Greene County, Missouri
Second Battle of Springfield, a January 8, 1863, battle in the American Civil War fought in Springfield, Missouri
Buffalo Springfield, a folk rock band
North Springfield (disambiguation)
West Springfield (disambiguation)
Springfield Plantation (disambiguation)
Springfield Township (disambiguation)
Springfield School (disambiguation)
Springfield High School (disambiguation)
Springfields, a nuclear fuel production installation in Lancashire, England
All pages beginning with "Springfield"
All pages with a title containing Springfield
Disambiguation page providing links to articles with similar titles
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Springfield.
If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Springfield&oldid=843402065"
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