text:
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants (film)
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The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants
Promotional poster, still under the original release date.
Directed by
Ken Kwapis
Produced by
Debra Martin Chase
Denise Di Novi
Andrew Kosove
Broderick Johnson
Screenplay by
Delia Ephron
Elizabeth Chandler
Based on
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants
by Ann Brashares
Starring
Alexis Bledel
America Ferrera
Blake Lively
Amber Tamblyn
Music by
Cliff Eidelman
Cinematography
John Bailey
Edited by
Kathryn Himoff
Production
company
Alcon Entertainment
Alloy Entertainment
Di Novi Pictures
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release date
June 1, 2005 (2005-06-01)
Running time
119 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$25 million[1]
Box office
$42,013,878[1]
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants is a 2005 American comedy-drama film released by Warner Bros. Pictures, based on the novel of the same name by Ann Brashares. It was directed by Ken Kwapis and screenplay by Delia Ephron and Elizabeth Chandler.
The film's production budget was $25 million. At the box office, it brought in a total domestic gross of $39,053,061. The DVD was released in the United States on October 11, 2005, and features on-camera commentary by Amber Tamblyn, Alexis Bledel, and America Ferrera and deleted scenes (discussed by Kwapis). The film was partially shot in the Kamloops and Ashcroft area in British Columbia, Canada.[2]
A sequel, The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants 2 was released in 2008.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
1.1 Carmen Lowell
1.2 Lena Kaligaris
1.3 Tibby Rollins
1.4 Bridget Vreeland
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Box office
5 Home media
6 Soundtrack and score
7 Awards
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
This film's plot summary may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve it by removing unnecessary details and making it more concise. (November 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Four teenage girls—Carmen, Tibby, Bridget, and Lena—are best friends from Bethesda, Maryland, who are about to separate for the summer for the first time in their lives. Lena is spending the summer in Santorini, Greece, with her grandparents; Tibby is staying at home; Bridget is going to soccer camp in Mexico; and Carmen is visiting her father in South Carolina. On one of their final days they went shopping together, the girls find a seemingly ordinary pair of jeans that fit them all perfectly and flatter their figures, despite their very different measurements. The girls dub them the Traveling Pants and decide to share them equally over the course of the summer. They part the next day, and the film focuses on each girl's journey separately.
Carmen Lowell[edit]
During the summer, Carmen goes to her dad's house in South Carolina. On arrival, she is shocked when her dad immediately introduces her to a new family that he is about to marry into; they are blonde White Anglo-Saxon Protestants, unlike Carmen who was raised by her Puerto Rican mother. During her time there, her father and her new family neglect her emotionally, driving her to throw a stone through their dining room window, and catch a bus back to Maryland. At home she tells Tibby about her time with her dad and Tibby convinces her to confront her father with a phone call and finally tell him that she's mad at him. Carmen tells her father and he apologizes. Her summer ends with the four of them returning south where she is an attendant at her father's wedding, during which he makes a public apology for having snubbed her. She then accepted his apology.
Lena Kaligaris[edit]
Through the unexpected intervention of the Pants, Lena meets a local Greek boy named Kostas Dounas. Lena learns from her grandparents that her family and Kostas' family are sworn enemies stemming from an old family feud. Despite this, Kostas continues to pursue Lena, and the two develop feelings for each other. Lena holds back, though, until one day when she admits to herself that she is afraid of love. Once she makes this realization, she begins a secret relationship with Kostas. On their last night together, Kostas tells Lena that he loves her. Before Lena can answer, Lena's family barges in, angrily pulling her away. Lena later confronts her grandfather and asks to go see Kostas before he leaves, to which her grandfather agrees. Kostas and Lena share a passionate kiss, and Lena confesses her love for him.
Tibby Rollins[edit]
While on the job at a discount department store, Tibby hears a loud crashing sound, and finds a young girl who has fainted in the deodorant aisle. She frantically calls for help, and the girl is taken away in an ambulance. When Lena mails the magical Pants to Tibby, they are delivered to the wrong house. Bailey Graffman, the girl who had fainted at the store, has them.
Fascinated by Tibby's movie, or "suckumentary" as she calls it, Bailey becomes Tibby's self-appointed assistant. Tibby is annoyed by this at first, but gradually grows to accept Bailey. She later learns from Bailey's neighbor that Bailey has leukemia.
Bailey eventually goes to the hospital with a bad infection. Tibby avoids the hospital for a while, but eventually visits Bailey, bringing the Traveling Pants. She offers them to Bailey and pleads with her to take them so that they can help her. Bailey responds by saying that the pants have already worked their magic on Bailey by bringing her and Tibby together. Tibby spends a lot of time with Bailey in the hospital after that. A couple of days later, Tibby receives a phone call in the morning from Mrs. Graffman, Bailey's mother, saying that Bailey died in the night. Sadly, the pants cannot cure cancer.
When Carmen comes back home from South Carolina, Tibby visits her to try to help her with her feelings of being snubbed by her father. Carmen lashes out at Tibby by saying that she has no feelings, and Tibby leaves in tears. The pair reconcile, and later go to Bridget's house in order to bring her out of her depression.
Over the course of the film, Tibby undergoes dramatic changes in her outlook due to her time with Bailey.
Bridget Vreeland[edit]
Shortly after arriving at soccer camp in Baja California, Mexico, Bridget develops a crush on one of the coaches, Eric Richman. She reveals to Eric that a psychiatrist who evaluated her following her mother's suicide described her as "single-minded to the point of recklessness," presumably as a way of avoiding dealing with her mother's death. This statement aptly describes Bridget's pursuit of Eric, despite the fact that flings between coaches and campers are forbidden. She flirts with Eric and shows off for him during games.
When Bridget's turn with the Traveling Pants finally comes, she puts them on that night and walks around outside Eric's cabin, leading him to the beach. Bridget loses her virginity, which leaves Bridget feeling empty and listless, even after she returns home. After learning about this in a letter, Lena calls Carmen and Tibby, and they arrive at Bridget's house to cheer her up. She tells them she is worried she is like her mother, whose mood also swung easily from very up to very down, eventually resulting in deep depression and suicide. Carmen and Tibby comfort Bridget by reassuring her that she is stronger than her mother. Eric visits Bridget and apologizes for his behavior over the summer, and tells her that while she is too young for him now, he hopes she will give him a shot when she is older, giving Bridget much-needed closure.
Cast[edit]
Amber Tamblyn as Tabitha "Tibby" Tomko-Rollins
Alexis Bledel as Lena Kaligaris
America Ferrera as Carmen Lowell
Blake Lively as Bridget Vreeland
Bradley Whitford as Carmen's father, Albert "Al" Lowell
Jenna Boyd as Bailey Graffman
Nancy Travis as Lydia Rodman
Kyle Schmid as Paul Rodman
Mike Vogel as Eric Richman
Michael Rady as Kostas Dounas
Kristie Marsden as Soccer Pal Olivia
Emily Tennant as Krista Rodman
Leonardo Nam as Brian McBrian
Rachel Ticotin as Christina
Erica Hubbard as Soccer Pal Diana
Production[edit]
Principal photography started on the island of Santorini, Greece. Filming then continued in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico.[3]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
According to review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, "This adaptation of a beloved novel charms with its heartwarming tale of friendship and young adulthood; realistic portrayals of the lives of teenage girls lend the comedy-drama sincerity, and may capture hearts outside the female-centric demographic." It has a score of 77% based on 125 reviews.[4] Metacritic gave the film a score of 66%, with "generally favorable reviews", based on 34 reviews.[5] Yahoo! Movies gave the film a B rating based on 13 different critics.[6]
Box office[edit]
On its opening weekend, the film opened #5 at the box office with $9,833,340.[7] As of November 14, 2008, the film has grossed $42,013,878 worldwide.[8]
Home media[edit]
The DVD and VHS were released in the US on October 11, 2005. The film has yet to be released on Blu-ray.
Soundtrack and score[edit]
The song album was released by Columbia Records on May 24, 2005.
These Days – Chantal Kreviazuk (3:57)
Unwritten – Natasha Bedingfield (4:19)
Time of Our Lives – Paul van Dyk (3:37)
Black Roses Red – Alana Grace (4:12)
If God Made You (Radio Remix) – Five for Fighting (4:16)
Just for You – William Tell (3:46)
Closer to You – Brandi Carlile (2:54)
No Sleep Tonight – The Faders (3:00)
I Want You to Know – Chantal Kreviazuk (3:19)
Be Be Your Love – Rachael Yamagata (4:14)
Sun's Gonna Rise – Shannon Curfman (3:55)
Simple – Katy Perry (3:39)
Always There in You – Valli Girls (an early track involving members of HAIM)[9] (3:46)
The album of Cliff Eidelman's score was released by Varèse Sarabande on July 12, 2005.
Prologue (3:44)
Deja Blue (1:04)
Fate (1:01)
Rules of the Pants (3:26)
A Touch of Greece (1:18)
Honey (1:10)
The Traveling Pants (:53)
Reflection (2:07)
Running (1:26)
Traveling to Baja (:39)
The Way of the Pants (:34)
Letter (1:48)
Broken Heart (1:16)
A Brave Soul (1:15)
Last Words (:58)
Us (2:18)
Sisterhood Reunites (1:14)
Together (1:29)
The Traveling Song (3:17)
Piano Suite (4:03)
Awards[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
2006 – Won; Imagen Foundation Awards for Best Actress (America Ferrera)
2006 – Nominated; ALMA Award for Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture (America Ferrera)
2006 – Nominated; Young Artist Award for Best Family Feature Film – Drama
2006 – Nominated; Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actress (Jenna Boyd)
2005 – Nominated; Satellite Award for Outstanding Actress in a Supporting Role, Comedy or Musical (America Ferrera)
2005 – Nominated; Satellite Award for Outstanding Youth DVD (Widescreen Edition)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress: Drama (Alexis Bledel)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actress: Drama (Amber Tamblyn)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Performance – Female (America Ferrera)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Performance – Female (Jenna Boyd)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Performance – Female (Blake Lively)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Performance – Male (Michael Rady)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Hissy Fit (America Ferrera)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Love Scene (Alexis Bledel and Michael Rady)
2005 – Nominated; Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie: Drama
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Jump up ^ "Past Productions | Thompson-Nicola Film Commission in BC, Canada". Tnrdfilm.com. Retrieved 2014-05-21.
Jump up ^ "THE SISTERHOOD OF THE TRAVELING PANTS – Production Notes – The Traveling Pants Makes Their Circuit". CinemaReview.com. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants Movie Reviews, Pictures". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
Jump up ^ "Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants, The reviews at". Metacritic.com. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
Jump up ^ "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants (2005) – Movie Info – Yahoo! Movies". Movies.yahoo.com. 2005-06-01. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
Jump up ^ "Box Office Weekend Grosses from 8/8 to 8/10". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
Jump up ^ "The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
Jump up ^ The Valli Girls included Danielle Haim and Este Haim, two members of the current group HAIM.
External links[edit]
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants on IMDb
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants at Rotten Tomatoes
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Ken Kwapis
The Beniker Gang (1985)
Sesame Street Presents Follow That Bird (1985)
Vibes (1988)
He Said, She Said (1991)
Dunston Checks In (1996)
The Beautician and the Beast (1997)
Noah (1998)
Sexual Life (2005)
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants (2005)
License to Wed (2007)
He's Just Not That into You (2009)
Big Miracle (2012)
A Walk in the Woods (2015)
[show]
v
t
e
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants series by Ann Brashares
Books
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants
The Second Summer of the Sisterhood
Girls in Pants: The Third Summer of the Sisterhood
Forever in Blue: The Fourth Summer of the Sisterhood
Sisterhood Everlasting
Characters
Lena Kaligaris
Bridget Vreeland
Tibby Rollins
Carmen Lowell
Films
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants (2005)
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants 2 (2008)
Spin–off
3 Willows: The Sisterhood Grows
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Sisterhood_of_the_Traveling_Pants_(film)&oldid=815170109"
Categories:
2005 films
English-language films
2000s comedy-drama films
2000s teen films
American teen drama films
American films
Alcon Entertainment films
Alloy Entertainment films
Female buddy films
Films based on children's books
American coming-of-age films
Films scored by Cliff Eidelman
Films about friendship
Films directed by Ken Kwapis
Films produced by Denise Di Novi
Warner Bros. films
Films shot in British Columbia
Films shot in Greece
Films shot in Mexico
Films set in Greece
Films set in Maryland
Films set in Mexico
Films set in South Carolina
American comedy-drama films
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text:
Classic car
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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1931 Pierce-Arrow with body by LeBaron
A classic car is an older automobile; the exact definition varies around the world. The common theme is of an older car with enough historical interest to be collectable and worth preserving or restoring rather than scrapping.
Cars 20 years and older typically fall into the classic class.
Organizations such as the Classic Car Club of America (CCCA) and the Antique Automobile Club of America (AACA) maintain a list of eligible unmodified cars that are called "classic". These are described as "fine" or "distinctive" automobile, either American or foreign built, produced between 1915–1998
In the UK, 'classic cars' range from veteran (pre–First World War), to vintage (1919–1930), to post-vintage (1930s).
Post–Second World War "classic cars" are not precisely defined and the term is often applied to any older vehicle.
Contents
[hide]
1 United States
1.1 Legal definitions
1.2 Classic Car Club of America
1.3 Antique Automobile Club of America
2 United Kingdom
3 Classic car styling
4 Modern classics (Youngtimer)
5 Safety
6 See also
7 Notes
United States[edit]
Cars 100 years and older typically fall into the antique class and this includes the "Brass Era car" that are defined by the Horseless Carriage Club of America (HCCA) as "any pioneer gas, steam and electric motor vehicle built or manufactured prior to January 1, 1916."[1]
The "classic" term is often applied loosely by owners to any car.[2]
Legal definitions[edit]
Legally, most states have time-based rules for the definition of "historic" or "classic" for purposes such as antique vehicle registration. For example, Maryland defines historic vehicles as 20 calendar years old or older and they "must not have been substantially altered, remodeled or remanufactured from the manufacturers original design"[3] while West Virginia defines motor vehicles manufactured at least 25 years prior to the current year as eligible for "classic" car license plates.[4]
Despite this, at many American classic car shows, automobiles typically range from the 1920s to the 1970s. Recently, many 1980s and even early 1990s cars are considered being "classic automobiles". Examples of cars at such shows include the Chevrolet Bel-Air, Ford Model T, Dodge Charger, Ford Deuce Coupe, and 1949 Ford. Meanwhile, the Concours d'Elegance car shows feature prestigious automobiles such as the Cadillac V16 or pre-1940 Rolls-Royce models. There are also terms as "modern customs", "exotics", or "collectibles" that cover cars such as the AMC Gremlin or Ford Pinto.
There are differences in the exact identification of a "classic car". Division by separate eras include: horseless carriages (19th-century experimental automobiles such as the Daimler Motor Carriage), antique cars (brass era cars such as the Ford Model T), and classic cars (typically 1930s cars such as the Cord 812). Some also include muscle cars, with the 1974 model year as the cutoff.
Classic Car Club of America[edit]
1932 Nash Advanced Eight - a CCCA "Full Classic" car[5]
The Classic Car Club of America describes a CCCA Classic as a "fine" or "distinctive" automobile, either American or foreign built, produced between 1915 and 1948.
The CCCA is dedicated to the preservation and enjoyment of select cars that "are distinguished by their respective fine design, high engineering standards and superior workmanship."[6] Other differentiating factors - including engine displacement, custom coachwork, and luxury accessories such as power brakes, power clutch, and "one-shot" or automatic lubrication systems - help determine whether a car is considered a CCCA Classic.[7] The cars on their list "represent the pinnacle of engineering, styling and design for their era."[8]
Any CCCA member may petition for a vehicle to join the list.[9] Such applications are carefully scrutinized, but rarely is a new vehicle type admitted.[10] Moreover, no commercial vehicles such as hearses, ambulances, or race cars are accepted as a Full Classic.[9]
The CCCA maintains this definition of "classic car" and uses terms such as CCCA Classic or the trademarked Full Classic.[11] The CCCA has estimated that 1,366,843 "American Classics" were built.[12]
Antique Automobile Club of America[edit]
The Antique Automobile Club of America (AACA) recognizes "motorized vehicles 25 years old or older, which were built in factories and specifically designed and manufactured for transportation use on public roadways and highways."[13] Judging by the AACA evaluates such vehicles to be in historic or that have "been restored to the same state as the dealer could have prepared the vehicle for delivery to the customer." Specified AACA classic vehicles include "fine or unusual domestic or foreign automobiles primarily built between and including the years 1925 and 1942."[14]
United Kingdom[edit]
There is no fixed definition of a classic car. Two taxation issues do impact however, leading to some people using them as cutoff dates. All cars built before January 1, 1977, are exempted from paying the annual road tax vehicle excise duty. This is then entered on the licence disc displayed on the windscreen as "historic vehicle" (if a car built before this date has been first registered in 1977 or later, then its build date would have to be verified by a recognised body such as British Motor Heritage Foundation to claim tax-free status). HM Revenue and Customs define a classic car for company taxation purposes as being over 15 years old and having a value in excess of £15,000.[15] Additionally, popular acclaim through a large number of classic car magazines plays an important role in whether a car comes to be regarded as a classic. It is all subjective and a matter of opinion. The elimination of depreciation is a reason for buying a classic car; this is a major cost of owning a modern car. Picking 'future classics' that are current 'bangers' is a pastime of people into classic cars in the UK. Successfully picking and buying one can result in a profit for the buyer as well as providing transport. An immaculate well cared for prestige model with high running costs that impacts its value, but is not yet old enough to be regarded as a classic, could be a good buy, for example.[16]
Classic car styling[edit]
There was a worldwide change in styling trends in the immediate years after the end of World War II. The 1946 Crosley and Kaiser-Frazer, for example, changed the traditional discrete replaceable-fender treatment. From this point on, automobiles of all kinds became envelope bodies in basic plan. The CCCA term, "antique car" has been confined to "the functionally traditional designs of the earlier period" (mostly pre-war). They tended to have removable fenders, trunk, headlights, and a usual vertical grill treatment. In a large vehicle, such as a Duesenberg, Pierce-Arrow, or in a smaller form, the MG TC, with traditional lines, might typify the CCCA term. Another vehicle might be a classic example of a later period but not a car from the "classic period of design", in the opinion of the CCCA.
Modern classics (Youngtimer)[edit]
These vehicles are generally older, ranging from 15 to 25 years, but are usually not accepted as classics according to the Antique Automobile Club of America.[citation needed] The German term youngtimer describes older vehicles which have not yet become "old timer" classic cars.[17]
In the United Kingdom, the modern classic definition is open to the discretion often by Insurance Brokers and Insurance Companies who regard a Modern Classic as a vehicle that is considered collectible regardless of age.[18] The usage of the vehicle limited to recreational purposes or restricted mileage is also taken into account.
Safety[edit]
Car accident in 1930
Drivers of classic cars must be especially careful. Classic cars often lack what are now considered basic safety features, including seat belts, crumple zones or rollover protection. On September 10, 2009, ABC News 'Good Morning America' and 'World News' showed a U.S. Insurance Institute of Highway Safety crash test of a 2009 Chevrolet Malibu in an offset head-on collision with a 1959 Chevrolet Bel Air sedan. It dramatically demonstrated the effectiveness of modern car safety design, over 1950s X-frame design, particularly of rigid passenger safety cells and crumple zones.[19] [20] The 1959 Chevrolets used an X frame design which lacked structural rigidity; had the IIHS used a pre-1958 Chevrolet with a Unibody design, the results would have been much better.[21] Vehicle handling characteristics (particularly steering and suspension) and brake performance are likely to be poorer than current standards, hence requiring greater road-awareness on the part of the driver. In certain areas of the United States, using a classic car as a daily vehicle is strongly discouraged and may even be considered illegal in some places.[22]
The British AA motoring association has urged motorists using or driving near classic cars to pay particular attention to safety. The issue received particular public attention following a 2013 case in which a driver in a hire 1963 MGB was killed immediately in a collision with a taxi.[23][24]
Retro-styled (color-coded with chromed buckles) 2-point and 3-point seat (safety) belts are manufactured according to Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS). However, most classic car bodies (manufactured before the late 1960s) did not include safety belts as standard equipment, and do not include readily available reinforced mounting points, on the vehicle body, therefore it can be problematic to install such equipment properly: specific studies and calculations should be performed before any attempts. Proper installation is critical, which means locating attachment points on the body/frame, assuring the strength by proper reinforcement, and following the seat belt installation instructions properly to reduce the risk of malfunction or failure.[25] Some classic car owners are reluctant to retrofit seat belts for the loss of originality this modification implies. There have also been instances of cars losing points at shows for being retrofitted with seat belts.[26]
Fitting modern tires is also a suggestion to improve the handling.[27] However, most modern tires may be much wider and have a lower profile than those used on classic cars when new, therefore they may interfere with suspension elements and the tire walls may become damaged. The suspension of a classic car may not be suitable for radial ply tyres, having been designed to only accommodate bias ply tires. Narrow classic car wheels may have been designed for narrow high-profile tube tires and not be suitable for modern tubeless radial tires. Another problem with modern tires on classic cars is that increased grip requires increased steering effort; many classic cars do not come with power steering. Many major tire companies have dedicated classic car tire marketing departments and will be able to give expert technical advice to address all these issues. It is important to know how radial tires will affect the performance of a car originally fitted with bias-ply tires, and the considerations needed to compensate for the differences.[28]
Upgrading braking using either bespoke parts, parts produced by the vehicle's manufacturer, from later versions of the same model or later models that may be compatible with minor modification, is an effective method of improving safety. Popular examples include drum brake to disc brake conversions, or adding a vacuum servo to cars with front disc brakes that did not originally have one.
Although they lack such advanced safety features as air bags, antilock braking systems, and other electronic controls, most US-market cars built 1966 and later have basic safety features such as padded dashboards, seat belts, dual-circuit braking systems, and safety glass.
Despite these concerns, classic cars are involved in significantly fewer accidents.[22][unreliable source?]
See also[edit]
Vintage (design)
Vintage car
Antique car
Automotive restoration
Barn find
History of the automobile
Historic Automobile Group
Most expensive cars sold in auction
Number matching
Veteran car
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Horseless Carriage Club". The Horseless Carriage Club of America. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Glossary – A guide to speaking the language of CCCA". Classic Car Club of America. 2 October 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "How do I register a vehicle as an historic vehicle?". Maryland Motor Vehicle Administration. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Division of Motor Vehicles Application for Classic Car License Plate" (PDF). West Virginia Department of Transportation. August 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Auto Editors of Consumer Guide (24 July 2007). "1930-1934 Nash Twin-Ignition Eight". HowStuffWorks.com. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Jensen, Todd A. (2006). Automotive Websites (Second ed.). McFarland. pp. 63–64. ISBN 9781476608907. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "What is a Classic Car?". Classic Car Club of America. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "A Comprehensive Look at Classic Cars". Van Burden Insurance. 2 June 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Instructions for Applications Considered". The Classic Car. Classic Car Club of America. 46-47: 16. 1998. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Approved CCCA Classics" (PDF). Classic Car Club of America. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "CCCA Approved Classics". Classic Car Club of America. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Lee, Jon. "About Classics:Why We Define Classics As We Do & By The Number" (PDF). Classic Car Club of America. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "AACA Official Judging Manual" (PDF) (revised 2015 ed.). Antique Automobile Club of America. 2006. pp. 4–3. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ AACA, pp. 4-8 to 4-9
Jump up ^ "Car benefit: classic car: definition". HM Revenue & Customs. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
Jump up ^ Robbins, Alex (2013-09-23). "Invest in an affordable future classic car". The Daily Telegraph. London.
Jump up ^ "Neusäß: Schmankerl für Autoliebhaber: Oldtimer auf der Slalomstrecke - Nachrichten Augsburg-Land, Gersthofen, Neusäß - Augsburger Allgemeine" (in German). Augsburger-allgemeine.de. 2015-05-28. Retrieved 2017-01-17.
Jump up ^ Firebond Insurance PLC Practical Classics Magazine advertising 1997
Jump up ^ Stark, Lisa (2009-09-10). "Highway Safety Exclusive: Car Crashes, Travel Deaths Prevented by Technology — ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. Retrieved 2011-09-23.
Jump up ^ Neff, John. "Pics Aplenty: IIHS reveals before and after of Malibu/Bel Air crash". Autoblog.com. Retrieved 2011-09-23.
Jump up ^ Niedermeyer, Paul. "Automotive History: An X-Ray Look At GM's X Frame (1957–1970)". Curbsideclassic.com. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
^ Jump up to: a b "Deadly crash spotlights classic-car safety". USAtoday.com. 2005-08-02. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
Jump up ^ "AA issues warning to classic car owners after MG 'folded like a penknife'". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 28 March 2016. Following the death of teacher Nick Sennett, the AA says classic cars 'simply do not have the damage resistance of modern vehicles'
Jump up ^ Glanfield, Emma. "Short-sighted cab driver 'frustrated at rush-hour traffic rammed into back of classic car so hard it folded like a pen-knife and killed teacher driver'". Daily Mail. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Interior Insights: What You Need to Know When Installing Aftermarket Seat Belts Archived 2013-06-07 at the Wayback Machine. – Hotrod & Restoration
Jump up ^ Wright, Jeanne (2001-12-12). "Classic Cars Pose Special Risks for Drivers". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-09-20.
Jump up ^ "Classic Car Safety". collectorsector.com. 2014-02-11. Archived from the original on 2014-02-12. Retrieved 2014-02-11.
Jump up ^ "Tire Technical Information". Rsracing.com. 2002-01-29. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
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