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San Andreas Fault
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A continental transform fault through California between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate
For other uses, see San Andreas (disambiguation).
San Andreas Fault
The fault, right,
and the Carrizo Plain, left
Arrows show relative motion of the two plates
Named by
Andrew Lawson
Year defined
1895
Country
United States
State
California
Cities
San Francisco, San Bernardino
Characteristics
Segments
Calaveras, Hayward, Elsinore, Imperial, Laguna Salada, San Jacinto
Length
1,200 km (750 mi)
Displacement
20–35 mm (0.79–1.38 in)/yr
Tectonics
Plate
North American & Pacific
Status
Active
Earthquakes
1857, 1906 (Mw ~7.8), 1957 (Mw 5.7), 1989 (Mw ~6.9), 2004
Type
Transform fault
Movement
Dextral
Age
Neogene-Holocene
Orogeny
Gorda-California-Nevada
The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers (750 mi) through California.[1] It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and its motion is right-lateral strike-slip (horizontal). The fault divides into three segments, each with different characteristics and a different degree of earthquake risk. The slip rate along the fault ranges from 20 to 35 mm (0.79 to 1.38 in)/yr.[1]
The fault was identified in 1895 by Professor Andrew Lawson of UC Berkeley, who discovered the northern zone. It is often described as having been named after San Andreas Lake, a small body of water that was formed in a valley between the two plates. However, according to some of his reports from 1895 and 1908, Lawson actually named it after the surrounding San Andreas Valley.[2] Following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, Lawson concluded that the fault extended all the way into southern California.
In 1953, geologist Thomas Dibblee concluded that hundreds of miles of lateral movement could occur along the fault. A project called the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) near Parkfield, Monterey County, was drilled through the fault during 2004 - 2007 to collect material and make physical and chemical observations to better understand fault behavior [3].
Contents
1 Fault zones
1.1 Northern
1.2 Central
1.3 Southern
2 Plate boundaries
3 Formation
4 Study
4.1 Early years
4.2 Current research
4.3 The next "Big One"
4.4 Cascadia connection
5 Earthquakes
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Fault zones[edit]
Northern[edit]
See also: Calaveras Fault and Hayward Fault Zone
A map displaying each of the seven major fault lines in the San Francisco Bay Area, and the probability of an M6.7 earthquake or higher occurring on each fault line between 2003 and 2032.
The northern segment of the fault runs from Hollister, through the Santa Cruz Mountains, epicenter of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, then up the San Francisco Peninsula, where it was first identified by Professor Lawson in 1895, then offshore at Daly City near Mussel Rock. This is the approximate location of the epicenter of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. The fault returns onshore at Bolinas Lagoon just north of Stinson Beach in Marin County. It returns underwater through the linear trough of Tomales Bay which separates the Point Reyes Peninsula from the mainland, runs just east of Bodega Head through Bodega Bay and back underwater, returning onshore at Fort Ross. (In this region around the San Francisco Bay Area several significant "sister faults" run more-or-less parallel, and each of these can create significantly destructive earthquakes.) From Fort Ross, the northern segment continues overland, forming in part a linear valley through which the Gualala River flows. It goes back offshore at Point Arena. After that, it runs underwater along the coast until it nears Cape Mendocino, where it begins to bend to the west, terminating at the Mendocino Triple Junction.
Central[edit]
The central segment of the San Andreas Fault runs in a northwestern direction from Parkfield to Hollister. While the southern section of the fault and the parts through Parkfield experience earthquakes, the rest of the central section of the fault exhibits a phenomenon called aseismic creep, where the fault slips continuously without causing earthquakes.
Southern[edit]
Los Angeles
San Diego
Mexicali
Salton Sea
Tijuana
Alamo River mouth
Colorado River mouth
Laguna Salada
Yuma
Gulf of California
Colorado River Valley
Cerro Prieto volcano
Southern San Andreas Fault. The red lines are simplified faults. Right-lateral direction of motion of the transform fault is shown (pink arrows). The red rhombs are pull-apart basins; the northern one is the site of the Niland geothermal field, the southern the Cerro Prieto geothermal field.
See also: Elsinore Fault Zone, Imperial Fault, Laguna Salada Fault, and San Jacinto Fault Zone
Aerial photo of the San Andreas Fault in the Carrizo Plain
The Vasquez Rocks in Agua Dulce, California are evidence of the San Andreas Fault line and part of the 2,650-mile Pacific Crest Trail.
The Mormon Rocks within Cajon Pass show the physical movement of the San Andreas fault in southern California.
3-D perspective view of Earth's San Andreas Fault in the Temblor Range
The southern segment (also known as the Mojave segment) begins near Bombay Beach, California. Box Canyon, near the Salton Sea, contains upturned strata associated with that section of the fault.[4] The fault then runs along the southern base of the San Bernardino Mountains, crosses through the Cajon Pass and continues northwest along the northern base of the San Gabriel Mountains. These mountains are a result of movement along the San Andreas Fault and are commonly called the Transverse Range. In Palmdale, a portion of the fault is easily examined at a roadcut for the Antelope Valley Freeway. The fault continues northwest alongside the Elizabeth Lake Road to the town of Elizabeth Lake. As it passes the towns of Gorman, Tejon Pass and Frazier Park, the fault begins to bend northward, forming the "Big Bend". This restraining bend is thought to be where the fault locks up in Southern California, with an earthquake-recurrence interval of roughly 140–160 years. Northwest of Frazier Park, the fault runs through the Carrizo Plain, a long, treeless plain where much of the fault is plainly visible. The Elkhorn Scarp defines the fault trace along much of its length within the plain.
The southern segment, which stretches from Parkfield in Monterey County all the way to the Salton Sea, is capable of an 8.1-magnitude earthquake. At its closest, this fault passes about 35 miles (56 km) to the northeast of Los Angeles. Such a large earthquake on this southern segment would kill thousands of people in Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside, and surrounding areas, and cause hundreds of billions of dollars in damage.[5]
Plate boundaries[edit]
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The Pacific Plate, to the west of the fault, is moving in a northwest direction while the North American Plate to the east is moving toward the southwest, but relatively southeast under the influence of plate tectonics. The rate of slippage averages about 33 to 37 millimeters (1.3 to 1.5 in) a year across California.[6]
The southwestward motion of the North American Plate towards the Pacific is creating compressional forces along the eastern side of the fault. The effect is expressed as the Coast Ranges. The northwest movement of the Pacific Plate is also creating significant compressional forces which are especially pronounced where the North American Plate has forced the San Andreas to jog westward. This has led to the formation of the Transverse Ranges in Southern California, and to a lesser but still significant extent, the Santa Cruz Mountains (the location of the Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989).
Studies of the relative motions of the Pacific and North American plates have shown that only about 75 percent of the motion can be accounted for in the movements of the San Andreas and its various branch faults. The rest of the motion has been found in an area east of the Sierra Nevada mountains called the Walker Lane or Eastern California Shear Zone. The reason for this is not clear. Several hypotheses have been offered and research is ongoing. One hypothesis – which gained interest following the Landers earthquake in 1992 – suggests the plate boundary may be shifting eastward away from the San Andreas towards Walker Lane.
Assuming the plate boundary does not change as hypothesized, projected motion indicates that the landmass west of the San Andreas Fault, including Los Angeles, will eventually slide past San Francisco, then continue northwestward toward the Aleutian Trench, over a period of perhaps twenty million years.
Formation[edit]
Tectonic evolution of the San Andreas Fault.
The San Andreas began to form in the mid Cenozoic about 30 Mya (million years ago).[7] At this time, a spreading center between the Pacific Plate and the Farallon Plate (which is now mostly subducted, with remnants including the Juan de Fuca Plate, Rivera Plate, Cocos Plate, and the Nazca Plate) was beginning to reach the subduction zone off the western coast of North America. As the relative motion between the Pacific and North American Plates was different from the relative motion between the Farallon and North American Plates, the spreading ridge began to be "subducted", creating a new relative motion and a new style of deformation along the plate boundaries. These geological features are what are chiefly seen along San Andreas Fault. It also includes a possible driver for the deformation of the Basin and Range, separation of the Baja California Peninsula, and rotation of the Transverse Range.
The main southern section of the San Andreas Fault proper has only existed for about 5 million years.[8] The first known incarnation of the southern part of the fault was Clemens Well-Fenner-San Francisquito fault zone around 22–13 Ma. This system added the San Gabriel Fault as a primary focus of movement between 10–5 Ma. Currently, it is believed that the modern San Andreas will eventually transfer its motion toward a fault within the Eastern California Shear Zone. This complicated evolution, especially along the southern segment, is mostly caused by either the "Big Bend" and/or a difference in the motion vector between the plates and the trend of the fault and its surrounding branches.
Study[edit]
Early years[edit]
The fault was first identified in Northern California by UC Berkeley geology professor Andrew Lawson in 1895 and named by him after the Laguna de San Andreas, a small lake which lies in a linear valley formed by the fault just south of San Francisco. Eleven years later, Lawson discovered that the San Andreas Fault stretched southward into southern California after reviewing the effects of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Large-scale (hundreds of miles) lateral movement along the fault was first proposed in a 1953 paper by geologists Mason Hill and Thomas Dibblee. This idea, which was considered radical at the time, has since been vindicated by modern plate tectonics.[9]
Current research[edit]
Seismologists discovered that the San Andreas Fault near Parkfield in central California consistently produces a magnitude 6.0 earthquake approximately once every 22 years. Following recorded seismic events in 1857, 1881, 1901, 1922, 1934, and 1966, scientists predicted that another earthquake should occur in Parkfield in 1993. It eventually occurred in 2004. Due to the frequency of predictable activity, Parkfield has become one of the most important areas in the world for large earthquake research.
In 2004, work began just north of Parkfield on the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD). The goal of SAFOD is to drill a hole nearly 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) into the Earth's crust and into the San Andreas Fault. An array of sensors will be installed to record earthquakes that happen near this area.[10]
The San Andreas Fault System has been the subject of a flood of studies. In particular, scientific research performed during the last 23 years has given rise to about 3,400 publications.[11]
The next "Big One"[edit]
Radar generated 3-D view of the San Andreas Fault, at Crystal Springs Reservoir near San Mateo, California.[12]
A study published in 2006 in the journal Nature found that the San Andreas fault has reached a sufficient stress level for an earthquake of magnitude greater than 7.0 on the moment magnitude scale to occur.[13] This study also found that the risk of a large earthquake may be increasing more rapidly than scientists had previously believed. Moreover, the risk is currently concentrated on the southern section of the fault, i.e. the region around Los Angeles, because massive earthquakes have occurred relatively recently on the central (1857) and northern (1906) segments of the fault, while the southern section has not seen any similar rupture for at least 300 years. According to this study, a massive earthquake on that southern section of the San Andreas fault would result in major damage to the Palm Springs-Indio metropolitan area and other cities in San Bernardino, Riverside and Imperial counties in California, and Mexicali Municipality in Baja California. It would be strongly felt (and potentially cause significant damage) throughout much of Southern California, including densely populated areas of Los Angeles County, Ventura County, Orange County, San Diego County, Ensenada Municipality and Tijuana Municipality, Baja California, San Luis Rio Colorado in Sonora and Yuma, Arizona. Older buildings would be especially prone to damage or collapse, as would buildings built on unconsolidated gravel or in coastal areas where water tables are high (and thus subject to soil liquefaction). The paper concluded:
The information available suggests that the fault is ready for the next big earthquake but exactly when the triggering will happen and when the earthquake will occur we cannot tell [...] It could be tomorrow or it could be 10 years or more from now.[13]
Nevertheless, in the 12 years since that publication there has not been a substantial quake in the Los Angeles area, and two major reports issued by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have made variable predictions as to the risk of future seismic events. The ability to predict major earthquakes with sufficient precision to warrant increased precautions has remained elusive.[14]
The U.S. Geological Survey most recent forecast, known as UCERF3 (Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast 3), released in November 2013, estimated that an earthquake of magnitude 6.7 M or greater (i.e. equal to or greater than the 1994 Northridge earthquake) occurs about once every 6.7 years statewide. The same report also estimated there is a 7% probability that an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 or greater will occur in the next 30 years somewhere along the San Andreas Fault.[15] A different USGS study in 2008 tried to assess the physical, social and economic consequences of a major earthquake in southern California. That study predicted that a magnitude 7.8 earthquake along the southern San Andreas Fault could cause about 1,800 deaths and $213 billion in damage.[16]
Cascadia connection[edit]
A 2008 paper, studying past earthquakes along the Pacific coastal zone, found a correlation in time between seismic events on the northern San Andreas Fault and the southern part of the Cascadia subduction zone (which stretches from Vancouver Island to northern California). Scientists believe quakes on the Cascadia subduction zone may have triggered most of the major quakes on the northern San Andreas within the past 3,000 years. The evidence also shows the rupture direction going from north to south in each of these time-correlated events. However the 1906 San Francisco earthquake seems to have been the exception to this correlation because the plate movement was moved mostly from south to north and it was not preceded by a major quake in the Cascadia zone.[17]
Earthquakes[edit]
See also: List of earthquakes in California
The San Andreas Fault has had some notable earthquakes in historic times:
1857 Fort Tejon earthquake: About 350 kilometers (220 mi) were ruptured in central and southern California. Though it is known as the Fort Tejon earthquake, the epicenter is thought to have been located far to the north, just south of Parkfield. Two deaths were reported. The magnitude was about 7.9.
1906 San Francisco earthquake: About 430 kilometers (270 mi) were ruptured in Northern California. The epicenter was near San Francisco. At least 3,000 people died in the earthquake and subsequent fires. The magnitude was estimated to be 7.8.
1957 San Francisco earthquake: A magnitude 5.7 quake with an epicenter on the San Andreas fault in the ocean west of San Francisco and Daly City.
1989 Loma Prieta earthquake: About 40 kilometers (25 mi) were ruptured (although the rupture did not reach the surface) near Santa Cruz, California, causing 63 deaths and moderate damage in certain vulnerable locations in the San Francisco Bay Area. Moment magnitude was about 6.9. This quake occurred on October 17, 1989, at approximately 5:04 PM PDT.
2004 Parkfield earthquake: On September 28, 2004 at 10:15 a.m. PDT, a magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck the Parkfield area. It was felt across the state, including the San Francisco Bay Area.
See also[edit]
San Francisco Bay Area portal
Earthquakes portal
California earthquake forecast
Central Valley (California)
Coast Range Geomorphic Province
Garlock Fault
Geologic timeline of Western North America
North Anatolian Fault
San Andreas (film)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "San Andreas Fault Zone". CalTech. Retrieved 2017-06-20.
Jump up ^ "Earthquake Facts". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2016-05-28.
Jump up ^ "San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth". Retrieved 15 May 2018.
Jump up ^ Americansouthwest.net "Box Canyon"
Jump up ^ Rong-Gong Lin II (October 8, 2010). "San Andreas fault capable of magnitude 8.1 earthquake over 340-mile swath of California, researchers say". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
Jump up ^ Wallace, Robert E. "Present-Day Crustal Movements and the Mechanics of Cyclic Deformation". The San Andreas Fault System, California. Retrieved 2007-10-26.
Jump up ^ Atwater, T., 1970, Implications of Plate Tectonics for the Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of Western North America
Jump up ^ Powell, R.E.; Weldon, R.J. (1992). "Evolution of the San Andreas fault". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 20: 431–468.
Jump up ^ Mason L. Hill; Thomas Dibblee (April 1953). "San Andreas, Garlock, and Big faults, California". Geological Society of America Bulletin: 443–458. ISBN 978-0-8137-2338-9.
Jump up ^ "San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth". USGS Earthquake Hazards Program. USGS. Archived from the original on 2005-10-01.
Jump up ^ Gizzi F.T. (2015). "Worldwide trends in research on the San Andreas Fault System" (PDF). Arabian Journal of Geosciences. 8 (12): 10893–10909. doi:10.1007/s12517-015-1878-4.
Jump up ^ NASA (June 23, 2009). "NASA Radar Provides 3-D View of San Andreas Fault". National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
^ Jump up to: a b Fialko, Yuri (2006). "Interseismic strain accumulation and the earthquake potential on the southern San Andreas fault System" (PDF). Nature. 441 (7096): 968–971. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..968F. doi:10.1038/nature04797. PMID 16791192.
Jump up ^ Geller, Robert J. (Dec 1997). "Earthquake prediction: a critical review". Geophysical Journal International. 131 (3): 425–450. Bibcode:1997GeoJI.131..425G. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1997.tb06588.x.
Jump up ^ "New Long-Term Earthquake Forecast for California". USGS.
Jump up ^ "The ShakeOut Scenario". USGS.
Jump up ^ BSSA (April 3, 2008). "Earthquakes Along The Cascadia And San Andreas Faults May Be Linked, Affecting Risk To San Francisco Bay Region". Seismological Society of America. Retrieved 2012-02-17.
Further reading[edit]
Collier, Michael (December 1, 1999). A Land in Motion. UC Press. ISBN 0-520-21897-3.
Stoffer, Philip W. (2006). Where's the San Andreas fault? A guidebook to tracing the fault on public lands in the San Francisco Bay region. USGS. General Interest Publication 16.
The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, Andrew C. Lawson, chairman, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 87, 2 vols. (1908). Available online at this USGS webpage.
Lynch, David K. (2006). Field Guide to the San Andreas Fault: See and Touch the World's Most Famous Fault on any one of Twelve Easy Day Trips. Thule Scientific. ISBN 0-9779935-0-7. Full color, GPS coordinates,.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Andreas Fault.
The Parkfield, California, Earthquake Experiment at the USGS
San Andreas Fault Zone Observatory at Depth at the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program
The San Andreas Fault by Sandra S. Schulz and Robert E. Wallace
Complete Report for San Andreas fault zone, Peninsula section (Class A) No. 1c from the USGS
New Scripps Study Reveals San Andreas Fault Set for the 'Big One' at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography
San Andreas Fault at Wallace Creek – Kite Aerial Photography from the USGS
"Scientists Search for a Pulse in Skies Above Earthquake Country" at JPL
The Day California Cracks at Bloomberg Businessweek
Google Maps Satellite View on Geology.com
San Andreas Fault in Southern California
Thule Scientific Interactive Map of the San Andreas Fault
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Seismically active fault zones and tectonic blocks of California
Statewide Faults
San Andreas Fault
Southern California
Brawley Seismic Zone
Chino Fault
Elsinore Fault Zone
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Garlock Fault
Hollywood fault
Hosgri Fault
Imperial Fault Zone
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Newport–Inglewood Fault
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Raymond Fault
Rose Canyon Fault
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Nacimiento Fault
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Sierra Nevada
Death Valley Fault Zone
Furnace Creek Fault Zone
Honey Lake Fault Zone
Kern Canyon Fault
Maria fold and thrust belt
Owens Valley Fault
Rescue Lineament-Bear Mountains fault zone
Sierra Nevada Batholith
Sierra Nevada Fault
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text:
Records of members of parliament of Canada
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Contents
[hide]
1 Age
1.1 Youngest
1.2 Oldest
2 Period of service
2.1 Longest
2.2 No period of service
3 References
4 Related link
Age[edit]
Youngest[edit]
The youngest ever MP is currently Pierre-Luc Dusseault, elected in the general election of 2011 at the age of 19 years and 11 months for the riding of Sherbrooke. He succeeded former Liberal Party MP, Claude-André Lachance, who was elected in the federal election of 1974. Lachance was 20 years and 3 months old when elected.
The youngest ever woman MP used to be Carole Jacques when she was elected at the general election of September 4, 1984 at the age of 24 years and 2 months. During the 2011 Canadian Federal Election, Laurin Liu of the riding Rivière-des-Mille-Îles, was elected at the age of 20 years. In the same election, many women under the age of 24 were elected including Charmaine Borg, in the riding of Terrebonne—Blainville who is a mere 10 days older than Liu. Others under 24 include Ève Péclet, 21, Mylène Freeman, 22, and others.
Oldest[edit]
The oldest MP was William Anderson Black who retained his seat until his death at the age of 86 years, 10 months and 22 days.
Period of service[edit]
Longest[edit]
Wilfrid Laurier was an MP for 44 years and 11 months between January 22, 1874 and February 17, 1919, although his tenure was not continuous. He did serve continuously for 41 years and 2 months from November 28, 1877 to February 17, 1919, making him also the MP with the longest continuous service.
No period of service[edit]
John Dahmer died five days after being elected, before he could be officially sworn in as an MP.
References[edit]
"Federal Election Trivia". Parliament of Canada.
Related link[edit]
Electoral firsts in Canada
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Records_of_members_of_parliament_of_Canada&oldid=701857722"
Categories:
Parliamentary records of Canada
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text:
Peter Cullen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the Australian water scientist, see Peter Cullen (scientist).
Peter Cullen
Cullen at the January 2015 Sac-Anime
Born
Peter Claver Cullen
(1941-07-28) July 28, 1941 (age 76)
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Nationality
Canadian
Occupation
Voice actor
Years active
1962–present
Known for
Voice of Optimus Prime and Eeyore
Children
4
Peter Claver Cullen (born July 28, 1941) is a Canadian voice actor. He is best known as the voice of Optimus Prime (as well as Ironhide) in the original 1980s Transformers animated series, and most other incarnations of the character, as well, and Eeyore in the Winnie the Pooh franchise. He also voiced Monterey Jack in Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers from season one through some of season two. Starting in 2007, Cullen has reprised his role as Optimus Prime in related Transformers media, starting with the first live-action film.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 1960s–1970s
2.2 As Optimus Prime
2.3 Other work
3 Personal life
4 Honors
5 Filmography
5.1 Film
5.2 Television
5.3 Video games
5.4 Theme park rides
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links
Early life[edit]
Cullen was born on July 28, 1941 in Montreal, Quebec, to Henry L. and Muriel (née McCann) Cullen. He has three siblings: Michaela, Sonny, and Larry. Cullen attended Regiopolis-Notre Dame Catholic Secondary School. He is a member of the first graduating class of the National Theatre School of Canada, which graduated in 1963.[2] His brother, Larry Cullen, was a retired Captain in the United States Marine Corps, and helped inspire the voice of Optimus Prime.[3]
Career[edit]
1960s–1970s[edit]
In 1968, he and Joan Stuart appeared as "Giles" and "Penelope" in L'Anglaise, a recurring segment about a French-Canadian man with an English-Canadian wife, on the CBC Radio comedy series, Funny You Should Say That.
Cullen played a French-Canadian astronaut character named Commander Bi Bi Latuque alongside Ted Zeigler for the 1969 children's show, The Buddies on CFCF-TV in Montreal.[4] He honed his voice skills by working as a radio announcer, notably in his home town of Montreal on (then) MOR station CKGM doing the overnight and weekend swing shifts. From 1967-69, he was the announcer for Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour.[citation needed]
From 1971-74, he, Zeigler and Billy Van were series regulars on The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour. In 1974, Cullen was the announcer and a series regular (with Ted Zeigler and Billy Van) on The Hudson Brothers Razzle Dazzle Show. He lent his voice to a character in the album "The Story of Halloween Horror" in 1977.[citation needed]
As Optimus Prime[edit]
Cullen recalls auditioning for the role of the robot Optimus Prime at a casting house in Burbank, California, explaining that as he read Prime's character breakdown, he saw that it was "the opportunity of the year", and heeded his brother Larry's advice: "Peter, don't be a Hollywood hero, be a real hero. Real heroes don't yell and act tough; they are tough enough to be gentle, so control yourself."[3][5] Cullen later learned from his agent, Steve Tisherman, that he not only won the part of Prime, but also, to his surprise, the role of Ironhide as well, which he saw as a "home run".[3]
He has stated that Optimus is his favorite voice role, and that he based the voice of the Autobot leader on his older brother Larry, who served in Vietnam. "When he came home, I could see a change. He was quieter and he was a man and a hero to me," says the actor. "I watched him and listened to him. I'd never had an opportunity to do a superhero, and when that came, [that voice] just came right out of me and I sounded like Optimus."[6]
Cullen putting his handprints in wet concrete at the Optimus Prime Chinese Theatre Handprint Ceremony in September 2014
He has also stated that he had no idea of Prime's popularity until the character's controversial death in the 1986 animated film, as the studio had never given him fan letters from children addressed to Optimus. The public backlash over Optimus' death surprised producers greatly. Children were leaving the theaters because of the character's death. The writers temporarily revived the character for a single episode in Season 3 called "Dark Awakening". Initially, this was intended to be his final appearance, but after fan requests continued, "The Return of Optimus Prime", a two-part episode was produced. The original ending of "Dark Awakening" was altered in reruns to include a teaser about the return of the character.[citation needed]
Cullen reprised the role of Optimus Prime in the 2007 Transformers live-action film, and its sequels Revenge of the Fallen, Dark of the Moon, Age of Extinction, and The Last Knight, as well as the video games based on them. Cullen will also voice Optimus in the spin-off Bumblebee film, set to be released in 2018.[7]He is contractually obligated to voice Optimus in at least one more sequel.[5]
Cullen again reprised his role as Optimus Prime in the video games Transformers: War for Cybertron, Transformers: Fall of Cybertron and Transformers: Devastation, and in the recent television series Transformers: Rescue Bots, Transformers Prime and Transformers: Robots in Disguise. His performance in the premiere season of Transformers: Prime earned him a nomination for a 2011 Daytime Emmy Award in the Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program category.
Other work[edit]
Cullen in 2011
In the 1980s and the 1990s, Cullen appeared on a number of television shows. He has played Coran, Stride the Tiger Fighter, and King Alfor in the Lion Voltron series, the transforming spaceship/robot Ramrod in the 1980s anime series Saber Rider and the Star Sheriffs, Commander James Hawkins in the Vehicle Voltron series, Eeyore in the Winnie the Pooh franchise, KARR in Knight Rider, Antor and Bomba, and Gunner, in Dino-Riders, Airbourne, Nemesis Enforcer and Zandar in G.I. Joe, He played "Mantor/Mantys" in Coleco's 5 episode mini-series Sectaurs in 1986; Red Skull in the 1981 cartoon series of Spider-Man, Klaar and Zanzoar in Megas XLR and Mantus in The Pirates of Dark Water. He also had a voice part in the 1984 motion picture Gremlins, as a gremlin, and the first season of the 2008 Knight Rider series as KARR. He also did voicework in The Greatest Adventure: Stories from the Bible series, notably as Japheth, one of Noah's sons in the "Noah's Ark" episode, and the King of Nineveh in the "Jonah" episode. He was well known by some as the main villain Venger in the animated series of Dungeons and Dragons. He played the evil sorcerer Renwick in the lesser known series Little Wizards and played Cindarr in the short-lived series Visionaries: Knights of the Magical Light.
Among many other television series and films, he has also lent his basso voice to many film trailers and television commercials, including announcing for the Toonami and You Are Here blocks on the Cartoon Network. Cullen spent some of his early professional years in Montreal as a radio announcer/DJ on CKGM; and as a character in a then-popular local television kids show. He acted the role of a French-Canadian astronaut, along with writer and his partner on the show, Ted Ziegler. Both Ziegler and Cullen were in the supporting cast of The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, as well as other network comedies of the era.
He voiced Nintendo's mascot Mario in the Donkey Kong segments on Saturday Supercade, making him the first person to ever provide a voice for the character.[citation needed]
Cullen has done voicework on drum and bass DJ Dieselboy's 2004 album, The Dungeonmaster's Guide, and narration on the 2013 album Tetragrammaton by the Dutch extreme metal band The Monolith Deathcult. Tetragrammaton also featured Cullen on bass in "God's Among Insects."[8] Additionally, he did voicework for the unreleased Blizzard Entertainment game Warcraft Adventures: Lord of the Clans,[9] and provided narration for the Star Wars fan film series I.M.P.S.: The Relentless.[10]
Cullen is a voice announcer on Police Story 4: First Strike in advertisements for New Line Cinema, lending his experience as an ex-cop for the Santa Monica division to the cast. [11]
Personal life[edit]
Cullen has four children: Clay, Angus, Claire, Pilar and three grandchildren. He is a good friend of his Transformers co-star and fellow voice actor Frank Welker.[12]
Honors[edit]
At BotCon 2010, Hasbro named Cullen as one of the first four human inductees in the Transformers Hall of Fame for his role as the voice of Optimus Prime.[13]
In 2008, Time magazine named Cullen "Celebrity Most Likely to Pilot Commercial Airplanes." [14]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
1970 Prologue Allen
1976 King Kong King Kong (voice only)[15]
The Twelve Tasks of Asterix Various (voice only)
1982 Heidi's Song Gruffle
1983 Deck the Halls with Wacky Walls Big Blue
1984 Voyage of the Rock Aliens 1359
Gallavants Antonim
Warriors of the Wind General (1985 dub)
1985 Robotix
Bigfoot and the Muscle Machines Arthur Ravenscroft
Rainbow Brite and the Star Stealer Various voices
1986 Voltron: Fleet of Doom Various voices
Heathcliff: The Movie Various voices
GoBots: Battle of the Rock Lords Pincher, Tombstone, Stones
My Little Pony: The Movie Grundle, Ahgg
The Transformers: The Movie Optimus Prime, Ironhide (voice)
1987 G.I. Joe: The Movie Zandar, Nemesis Enforcer, Scientist (voice)
Predator The Predator (voice)
1988 Rockin' with Judy Jetson Gruff, Commander Comsat, Bouncer
Yogi and the Invasion of the Space Bears Ranger Roubideux (voice)
1989 Vytor: The Starfire Champion Myzor, Chief Eldor
1991 The Little Engine That Could Pete, The Cave (voice)
1994 The Story of Christmas Ox (voice)
1997 Pooh's Grand Adventure: The Search for Christopher Robin Eeyore (voice)
1999 Seasons of Giving Eeyore (voice; archive footage)
2000 The Tigger Movie Eeyore (voice)
2001 The Book of Pooh: Stories from the Heart Eeyore (voice)
Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse Eeyore (voice)
2002 A Very Merry Pooh Year Eeyore (voice)
Treasure Planet Captain Flint (voice)
2003 Piglet's Big Movie Eeyore (voice)
2004 Springtime with Roo Eeyore (voice)
2005 Pooh's Heffalump Movie Eeyore (voice)
Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie Eeyore (voice)
2007 Transformers Optimus Prime (voice)
Super Sleuth Christmas Movie Eeyore (voice)
2009 Tigger and Pooh and a Musical Too Eeyore (voice)
Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen Optimus Prime (voice)
2011 Transformers: Dark of the Moon Optimus Prime (voice)
2014 Transformers: Age of Extinction Optimus Prime (voice)
2017 Transformers: The Last Knight Optimus Prime/Nemesis Prime (voice)
2018 Bumblebee Optimus Prime (Voice)
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1962–63 The Jetsons Additional voices
1967 The Buddies Commander Bi Bi Latuque
1967–68 The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour Announcer
1969 Comedy Cafe
1970–71 Zut!
1971–74 The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour Himself, various characters
1974 The Bobbie Gentry Show Announcer
1974 The Hudson Brothers Razzle Dazzle Show Himself
1974 The Sonny Comedy Revue Himself, various characters
1975 Down Home Country Luke Warm
1976 The Wolfman Jack Show
1979 The Plastic Man Comedy/Adventure Show Mighty Man
1979 Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo Additional voices
1981 The Kwicky Koala Show
1981 The Smurfs Additional voices
1981 Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends Hulk/Dr. Bruce Banner, Mysterio, Red Skull 2 episodes
1982 The Scooby & Scrappy-Doo/Puppy Hour Lucky
1982 Spider-Man Red Skull, Stuntman/Jack Riven
1982 Meatballs & Spaghetti Additional voices
1982 Pac-Man Sour Puss
1982 The Little Rascals Officer Ed, Pete the Pup
1982 Knight Rider K.A.R.R. 1st voice Episode: "Trust Doesn't Rust"
1983 Monchhichis Shreeker, Snitchitt, Gonker
1983 The Puppy's Further Adventures Lucky
1983 The Biskitts Dog Foot, Fang, Scratch
1983 Saturday Supercade Mario
1983 The Dukes Additional voices
1983–85 Dungeons & Dragons Venger
1984 Dragon's Lair Bertram
1984 Heathcliff and the Catillac Cats Additional voices
1984 Snorks Additional voices
1984–86 Rainbow Brite Murky Dismal
1984–85 Alvin and the Chipmunks Additional voices
1984–87 The Transformers Optimus Prime, Ironhide, Streetwise, Blowpipe, Slugslinger
1984 Voltron: Defender of the Universe Coran, King Alfor, Narrator
1984 Three's a Crowd Sports Announcer, Airline Captain 2 episodes
1985 The 13 Ghosts of Scooby-Doo Maldor the Malevolent
1985 Challenge of the GoBots Spoiler, Tank, Pincher
1985 The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians Felix Faust Episode: "Brainchild/The Case of the Stolen Super Powers"
1985–86 G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero Airborne, Ramar, Zandar
1986 MoonDreamers Igon, various characters Episode: "Zodies on the Loose"
1986 Rambo: The Force of Freedom Sergeant Havoc
1986 Muppet Babies Additional voices Episode: "Fozzie's Family Tree"
1986 Ghostbusters Eddie Spenser, Jr., Eddie Spenser, Sr., Haunter, Floatzart
1986 Pound Puppies Captain Slaughter 4 episodes
1986 The New Adventures of Jonny Quest Patch Episode: "Peril of the Reptilian"
1986 Foofur Baby the Rat, Vinnie the Cat
1986 My Little Pony Captain Crabnasty Episode: "Fugitive Flowers"
1987–88 BraveStarr Dr. Whiston, Dr. Watson, Hack
1987–88 DuckTales Admiral Grimitz, Bankjob Beagle, Mad Dog McGirk, Lessdred
1987 The Little Wizards Renwick, various characters
1987 The Real Ghostbusters Doctor Destructo, Police Officer Episode: "Captain Steel Saves the Day"
1987 Visionaries: Knights of the Magical Light Cindarr
1987–89 Saber Rider and the Star Sheriffs Commander Eagle, Narrator, Nemesis
1988 Dino-Riders Gunner, Antor, Bomba Episode: "Toro Toro Torosaurus"
1988–89 The New Yogi Bear Show Ranger Roubideux
1988 Mickey's 60th Birthday Yen Sid TV special
1988–91 The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh Eeyore
1988–90 Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears Kerwin the Conqueror, Gritty
1988–89 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Smash, Mugger, Napoleon
1989 Rude Dog and the Dweebs Herman, Winston
1989–90 Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers Monterey Jack, additional voices
1990 TaleSpin Additional voices Episode: "It Came from Beneath the Sea Duck"
1990–93 Tom & Jerry Kids Additional voices
1990–91 Widget the World Watcher Bob the Poacher, Rooney Kangaroo, Gdunu
1991–93 The Pirates of Dark Water Mantus
1991 In Living Color Episode: "Dickie Peterson: Cherub of Justice"
1993 Bonkers Abominable Snowman, Mackey McSlime
1994 Hardball Fox Announcer Episode: "Lee's Bad, Bad Day"
1996 Boo to You Too! Winnie the Pooh Eeyore
2001–02 House of Mouse Eeyore
2001-03 The Book of Pooh Eeyore
2004–05 Megas XLR Zanzoar, Klaar
2005–06 IGPX: Immortal Grand Prix Narrator
2007–10 My Friends Tigger & Pooh Eeyore
2009 Knight Rider K.A.R.R. Episode: "Knight in King's Pawn"
2009 Bizarre Dinosaurs Narrator
2010–13 Transformers: Prime Optimus Prime, Vehicon
2012–16 Transformers: Rescue Bots Optimus Prime
2014 2014 Kids' Choice Awards Optimus Prime
2015–present Transformers: Robots in Disguise Optimus Prime
2017 Doc McStuffins Eeyore Episode: Into the Hundred Acre Wood
2017 Transformers: Titans Return Optimus Prime
Video games[edit]
Year
Title
Voice
2003 Piglet's Big Game Eeyore
2007 Transformers: The Game Optimus Prime
Transformers Autobots
2009 Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen
Transformers Revenge of the Fallen: Autobots
2010 Transformers: War for Cybertron
2011 Transformers: Dark of the Moon
2012 Transformers: Fall of Cybertron
Transformers: Prime – The Game
2014 Transformers: Rise of the Dark Spark
2015 Transformers: Devastation
Theme park rides[edit]
Year
Title
Role
2003 The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh Eeyore (voice)
2011 Transformers: The Ride Optimus Prime (voice)
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Film/TV Show
Result
2010 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Screen Combo Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen Nominated
2011 Daytime Emmy Awards Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program Transformers Prime Nominated
2012 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Screen Ensemble Transformers: Dark of the Moon Nominated
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Gilchrist, Todd (June 8, 2007). "Exclusive: Peter Cullen Interview". IGN. Archived from the original on March 11, 2012.
Jump up ^ All Our Alumni Archived 2012-05-12 at the Wayback Machine., National Theatre School of Canada, ent-nts.ca; accessed August 18, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hidalgo, Pablo. Transformers Vault: The Complete Transformers Universe Showcasing Rare Collectibles and Memorabilia, Abrams, 2011, Foreword by Peter Cullen, p. 7
Jump up ^ "The Buddies". 4 January 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Lee, Chris (Spring 2014). "An Optimal Voice for Optimus". Hero Complex, Los Angeles Times. p. 22
Jump up ^ Nguyen, Hanh. "Prime Time: Cullen's 'Transformers' Resurrection", Zap2It, 7 November 2006.
Jump up ^ Optimus Prime Returning for the Bumblebee Spinoff Movie - Screen Rant
Jump up ^ Review of Tetragrammaton by The Monolith Deathcult, Metal-fi.com
Jump up ^ Blizzard Entertainment, Coming Soon magazine
Jump up ^ "IMPS Chapter One FAQ". Impstherelentless.com. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
Jump up ^ Handout. "Police Story 4: First Strike". OrlandoSentinel.com. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
Jump up ^ "Frank Welker". Behind The Voice Actors.
Jump up ^ "TRANSFORMERS Hall of Fame Peter Cullen" (video). Hasbro. Retrieved January 18, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Victoria Beckham and James Corden Spoof 80's Rom-Com 'Mannequin'". Time. Retrieved 2017-03-31.
Jump up ^ "Peter Cullen". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Peter Cullen
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Peter Cullen.
Peter Cullen on IMDb
Peter Cullen at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
Peter Cullen at AllMovie
Preceded by
None Voice of Optimus Prime
1984–1988
Original series and animated film Succeeded by
Neil Kaplan
2001–2002
Robots in Disguise
Preceded by
Garry Chalk
2002–2006
Unicron Trilogy Voice of Optimus Prime
2007
Video game and live-action film Succeeded by
David Kaye
2007–2009
Animated
Preceded by
David Kaye
2007–2009
Animated Voice of Optimus Prime
2009
Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
none Voice of Optimus Prime
2010
Transformers: Prime Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
none Voice of Optimus Prime
2011
Transformers: Dark of the Moon Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
none Voice of Optimus Prime
2014
Transformers: Age of Extinction Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
Voice of Optimus Prime
2017
Transformers: The Last Knight Succeeded by
none
Preceded by
None Voice of Ironhide
Original series and animated film
1984–1986 Succeeded by
Michael McConnohie
2001–2002
Robots in Disguise
Preceded by
None Voice of Mario
1983–1985
Saturday Supercade Succeeded by
Lou Albano
1989–1990
Super Mario Brothers Super Show
Preceded by
None Voice of KARR
1982
Knight Rider episode "Trust Doesn't Rust" Succeeded by
Paul Frees
1984
Knight Rider episode "K.I.T.T. vs. K.A.R.R."
Preceded by
Paul Frees
1984
Knight Rider episode "K.I.T.T. vs. K.A.R.R." Voice of KARR
2009
Knight Rider episode "Knight to King's Pawn" Succeeded by
None
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_Cullen&oldid=815829326"
Categories:
1941 births
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text:
List of United States extradition treaties
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The following is a list of United States extradition treaties:
Countries (light blue) with which the US (purple) has an extradition treaty (as of 2004)
Country
Date signed
Entered into force
Citation[1]
Type
Link
Albania March 1, 1933 November 14, 1935 49 Stat. 3313 L [1]
Antigua and Barbuda June 3, 1996 July 1, 1999 TIAS [2]
Argentina June 10, 1997 June 15, 2000 TIAS; 2159 UNTS 129 [3]
Australia May 14, 1974
September 4, 1990 May 8, 1976
December 21, 1992 27 UST 957; TIAS 8234
1736 UNTS 344 [4]
Austria January 8, 1998
May 19, 1934 January 1, 2000
September 5, 1934 TIAS
49 Stat. 2710 [5]
Bahamas March 9, 1990 September 22, 1994 TIAS [6]
Barbados February 28, 1996 March 3, 2000 [7]
Belgium April 27, 1987 September 1, 1997 TIAS; 2093 UNTS 263 [8]
Belize March 30, 2000 March 27, 2001 TIAS [9]
Bolivia June 27, 1995 November 21, 1996 TIAS [10]
Brazil January 13, 1961
June 18, 1962 December 17, 1964
December 17, 1964 15 UST 2093; TIAS 5691; 532 UNTS 177
15 UST 2112; TIAS 5691; 532 UNTS 198 [11]
Bulgaria March 19, 1924
June 8, 1934 June 24, 1924
August 15, 1935 43 Stat. 1886; TS 687; 5 Bevans 1086; 26 LNTS 27
49 Stat. 3250; TS 894; 5 Bevans 1103; 161 LNTS 409 [12]
Burma December 22, 1931 November 1, 1941 47 Stat. 2122; TS 849; 12 Bevans 482; 163 LNTS 59 [13]
Canada December 3, 1971
June 28/July 9, 1974
January 11, 1988
January 12, 2001 March 22, 1976
March 22, 1976
November 26, 1991
April 30, 2003 27 UST 983; TIAS 8237

1853 UNTS 407
TIAS [14]
Chile April 17, 1900 May 27, 1902[2] 32 Stat. 1850; TS 407; 6 Bevans 543 [15]
Colombia September 14, 1979 March 4, 1982 TIAS [16]
Congo January 6, 1909
January 15, 1929
April 23, 1936 July 27, 1911
May 19, 1929
September 24, 1936
August 5, 1961 37 Stat. 1526; TS 561; 7 Bevans 872
46 Stat. 2276; TS 787; 7 Bevans 972; 92 LNTS 259
50 Stat. 1117
50 Stat. 1117; TS 909; 7 Bevans 995; 172 LNTS 197 [17]
Costa Rica December 4, 1982 October 11, 1991 TIAS [18]
Cuba April 6, 1904
December 6, 1904
January 14, 1926 March 2, 1905
March 2, 1905
June 18, 1926 33 Stat. 2265; TS 440; 6 Bevans 1128
44 Stat. 2392; TS 737; 6 Bevans 1136; 61 LNTS 363
33 Stat. 2273; TS 441; 6 Bevans 1134 [19]
Cyprus June 17, 1996 September 14, 1999 TIAS [20]
Czech Republic July 2, 1925
April 29, 1935
May 16, 2006 March 29, 1926
August 28, 1935
February 1, 2010 44 Stat. 2367; TS 734; 6 Bevans 1247; 50 LNTS 143
49 Stat. 3253; TS 895; 6 Bevans 1283; 162 LNTS 83
[21]
[22]
Denmark June 22, 1972 July 31, 1974 25 UST 1293; TIAS 7864 [23]
Dominica October 10, 1996 May 25, 2000 TIAS [24]
Dominican Republic June 19, 1909 August 2, 1910[2] 36 Stat. 2468; TS 550; 7 Bevans 200 [25]
Ecuador June 28, 1872
September 22, 1939 November 12, 1873
May 29, 1941 18 Stat. 199; TS 79; 7 Bevans 321
55 Stat. 1196; TS 972; 7 Bevans 346 [26]
Egypt August 11, 1874 April 22, 1875 19 Stat. 572; TS 270; 10 Bevans 642 [27]
El Salvador April 18, 1911 July 10, 1911 37 Stat. 1516; TS 560; 7 Bevans 507 [28]
Estonia November 8, 1923
October 10, 1934 November 15, 1924
May 7, 1935 43 Stat. 1849; TS 703; 7 Bevans 602; 43 LNTS 277
49 Stat. 3190; TS 888; 7 Bevans 645; 159 LNTS 149 [29]
Fiji December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935
August 17, 1973 47 Stat. 2122; TS 849; 12 Bevans 482; 163 LNTS 59
24 UST 1965; TIAS 7707 [30]
Finland June 11, 1976 May 11, 1980 31 UST 944; TIAS 9626; 1203 UNTS 165 [31]
France April 23, 1996 February 1, 2002 TIAS; 2179 UNTS 341 [32]
Gambia December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122; TS 849; 12 Bevans 482; 163 LNTS 59 [33]
Germany June 20, 1978
October 21, 1986 August 29, 1980
March 11, 1993 32 UST 1485; TIAS 9785; 1220 UNTS 269
TIAS; 1909 UNTS 441 [34]
Ghana December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122; TS 849; 12 Bevans 482; 163 LNTS 59 [35]
Greece May 6, 1931
September 2, 1937 November 1, 1932
September 2, 1937 47 Stat. 2185; TS 855; 8 Bevans 353; 138 LNTS 293
51 Stat. 357; EAS 114; 8 Bevans 366; 185 LNTS 408 [36]
Grenada May 30, 1996 September 14, 1999 TIAS [37]
Guatemala February 27, 1903
February 20, 1940 August 15, 1903
March 13, 1941 33 Stat. 2147; TS 425; 8 Bevans 482
55 Stat. 1097; TS 963; 8 Bevans 528 [38]
Guyana December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122; TS 849; 12 Bevans 482; 163 LNTS 59 [39]
Haiti August 9, 1904 June 28, 1905 34 Stat. 2858; TS 447; 8 Bevans 653 [40]
Honduras January 15, 1909
February 21, 1927 July 10, 1912
June 5, 1928 37 Stat. 1616
45 Stat. 2489 [41]
Hong Kong December 20, 1996 January 21, 1998 TIAS [42]
Hungary December 1, 1994 March 18, 1997 [43]
Iceland January 6, 1902
November 6, 1905
February 19, 1906 32 Stat. 1906
34 Stat. 2887 [44]
India June 25, 1997 July 21, 1999 [45]
Iraq June 7, 1934 April 23, 1936 49 Stat. 3380 [46]
Ireland July 13, 1983 December 15, 1984 TIAS 10813 [47]
Israel December 10, 1962 December 5, 1963
April 11, 1967 14 UST 1707
18 UST 382 [48]
Italy October 13, 1983 September 24, 1984 TIAS 10837 [49]
Jamaica June 14, 1983 July 7, 1991 [50]
Japan March 3, 1978
August 5, 2003 March 26, 1980
31 UST 892
Treaty Doc. 108-12 DC [51]
Jordan March 28, 1995 July 29, 1995 1995 U.S.T. LEXIS 215
Treaty Doc. 104-3 [52]
Kenya December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935
August 19, 1965 47 Stat. 2122
16 UST 1866 [53]
Kiribati June 8, 1972 January 21, 1977 28 UST 227 [54]
Korea, South June 9, 1998 December 20, 1999 TIAS [55]
Latvia October 16, 1923
October 10, 1934 March 1, 1924
March 29, 1935 43 Stat. 1738
49 Stat. 3131 [56]
Lesotho December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [57]
Liberia November 1, 1937 November 21, 1939 54 Stat. 1733 [58]
Liechtenstein May 20, 1936 June 28, 1937 50 Stat. 1337 [59]
Lithuania October 23, 2001 March 31, 2003 [60]
Luxembourg October 1, 1996 February 1, 2002 TIAS 12804 DC [61]
Malawi December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935
April 4, 1967 47 Stat. 2122
18 UST 1822 [62]
Malaysia August 3, 1995 June 2, 1997 [63]
Malta December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [64]
Mauritius December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [65]
Mexico May 4, 1978
November 13, 1997 January 25, 1980
May 21, 2001 31 UST 5059. [66]
Monaco February 15, 1939 March 28, 1940 54 Stat. 1780 [67]
Nauru December 22, 1931 August 30, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [68]
Netherlands June 24, 1980 September 15, 1983 TIAS 10733 [69]
New Zealand January 12, 1970 December 8, 1970 22 UST 1 L [70]
Nicaragua March 1, 1905 July 14, 1907 35 Stat. 1869 [71]
Nigeria December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [72]
Norway June 9, 1977 March 7, 1980 31 UST 5619 [73]
Pakistan December 22, 1931 March 9, 1942 47 Stat. 2122 [74]
Panama May 25, 1904 May 8, 1905 34 Stat. 2851 [75]
Papua New Guinea December 22, 1931 August 30, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [76]
Paraguay November 9, 1998 March 9, 2001 [77]
Peru July 26, 2001 August 25, 2003 [78]
Philippines November 13, 1994 November 22, 1996 [79]
Poland July 10, 1996
April 5, 1935 September 17, 1999
June 5, 1936 49 Stat. 3394 [80]
Portugal May 7, 1908 November 14, 1908 35 Stat. 2071 [81]
Romania July 23, 1924
November 10, 1936 April 7, 1925
July 27, 1937 44 Stat. 2020
50 Stat. 1349 [82]
Saint Kitts and Nevis September 18, 1996 February 23, 2000 TIAS 12805 DC [83]
Saint Lucia April 18, 1996 February 2, 2000 [84]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines August 15, 1996 September 8, 1999 [85]
San Marino January 10, 1906
October 10, 1934 July 8, 1908
June 28, 1935 35 Stat. 1971
49 Stat. 3198 [86]
Seychelles December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [87]
Sierra Leone December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [88]
Singapore December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935
June 10, 1969 47 Stat. 2122
20 UST 2764 [89]
Slovenia Oct. 17, 2005 Feb. 1, 2010 18 USC 209 [90]
Slovak Republic July 2, 1925
April 29, 1935
August 28, 1935
March 29, 1926
49 Stat. 3253

44 Stat. 2367 [91]
Solomon Islands June 8, 1972 January 21, 1977 28 UST 277 [92]
South Africa September 16, 1999 June 25, 2001 [93]
Spain May 29, 1970
January 25, 1975
February 9, 1988
March 12, 1996 June 16, 1971
June 2, 1978
July 2, 1993
July 25, 1999 22 UST 737
29 UST 2283

[94]
Sri Lanka September 30, 1999 January 12, 2001 [95]
Suriname June 2, 1887
January 18, 1904 July 11, 1889
August 28, 1904 26 Stat. 1481
33 Stat. 2257 [96]
Swaziland December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935
July 28, 1970 47 Stat. 2122
21 UST 1930 [97]
Sweden October 24, 1961
March 14, 1983 December 3, 1963
September 24, 1984 14 UST 1845
TIAS 10812 [98]
Switzerland November 14, 1990 September 10, 1997 [99]
Tanzania December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935
December 6, 1965 47 Stat. 2122
16 UST 2066 [100]
Thailand May 17, 1991
December 30, 1922 December 14, 1983
March 24, 1924 TIAS
43 Stat. 1749 [101]
Tonga December 22, 1931 August 1, 1966
April 13, 1977 47 Stat. 2122
28 UST 5290 [102]
Trinidad and Tobago March 4, 1996 November 29, 1999 [103]
Turkey June 7, 1979 January 1, 1981 32 UST 3111 [104]
Tuvalu June 8, 1972 January 21, 1977
April 25, 1980 28 UST 227
32 UST 1310 [105]
United Kingdom June 8, 1972
June 25, 1985
March 31, 2003 January 21, 1977
December 23, 1986
April 26, 2007 28 UST 227; TIAS 8468; 1049 UNTS 167
TIAS 12050; 1556 UNTS 369
TIAS [106]
Uruguay April 6, 1973 April 11, 1984 TIAS 10850 [107]
Venezuela Jan. 19, 21, 1922 April 14, 1923 43 Stat. 1698 [108]
Yugoslavia[3] October 25, 1901 June 12, 1902 32 Stat. 1890
Zambia December 22, 1931 June 24, 1935 47 Stat. 2122 [109]
Zimbabwe July 25, 1997 April 26, 2000 TIAS
[110]

Legend
Citation: TIAS - Treaties and Other International Acts Series[1]
Type: L - List treaty
Type: DC - Dual criminality treaty
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Treaties and Other International Acts Series (TIAS)". The Office of Website Management, Bureau of Public Affairs. U.S. State Department. 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "U.S. Extradition Treaties: Chile, Dominican Republic" (PDF). oas.org. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
Jump up ^ For the successor States of Yugoslavia, inquire of the Treaty Office of the United States Department of State
External links[edit]
18 USC § 3181 Notes (Cornell Law School - LII / Legal Information Institute)
18 USC § 3181 as of January 24, 2002 List of US bilateral extradition treaties (U.S. Department of State)
Guardian US interactive team. "A Guardian guide to Extradition The official surrender of an alleged criminal by one state or nation to another." The Guardian. Tuesday 2 July 2013.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_United_States_extradition_treaties&oldid=810854789"
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