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River Wharfe
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River Wharfe
Linton Falls, on the upper Wharfe near Grassington
Country
England
Physical characteristics
Main source
Beckermonds, Langstrothdale Chase
310 m (1,020 ft)
54°13′03″N 2°11′39″W / 54.217481°N 2.194231°W / 54.217481; -2.194231
River mouth
River Ouse at Wharfe's Mouth, near Cawood
4.9 m (16 ft)
53°50′39″N 1°07′46″W / 53.8441°N 1.129544°W / 53.8441; -1.129544Coordinates: 53°50′39″N 1°07′46″W / 53.8441°N 1.129544°W / 53.8441; -1.129544
Length
65 mi (104.6 km)
[hide]
[
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River Wharfe
Legend
Oughtershaw Beck/Green Field Beck
Deepdale Bridge
Deepdale Gill
Hagg Gill
Bowther Gill
Strans Gill
Hubbersholme Bridge
Kirk Gill
Cow Close Gill
Buckden Bridge
Buckden Beck
Step Gill
Cam Gill Beck
Falcon Beard Beck
Hush Gutter
Kettlewell Beck
B6160 Kettlewell New Bridge
Black Geld
River Skirfane
How Beck
Conistone Bridge
White Beck
Davy Keld
Scar Lash Waterfall
Dib Beck
Robin Hood's Beck
B6265 Grassington Bridge
Captain Beck
Tin Bridge (footbridge)
Linton Falls
Brow Well
Isingdale Beck
Howling Beck
Suspension Bridge (footbridge)
Hebden Beck
Sandbed Beck
Barden Beck
The Old Gutter
Mill Island
Hall Wells Dike
Foul Sike
Fir Beck
Bumby Dike
Gill Beck
Barden Bridge
Footbridge
Barden Beck
The Strid
Hollin Beck
Posforth Gill
Ludd Stream Islands
Footbridge
Cowpert Gill
Stead Dike
Pickles Beck
Waterfall Bridge (footbridge)
Raven's Gill Beck
Bolton Bridge
A59 Bridge
Kex Beck
Lathehouse Beck
Wine Beck
Footbridge
Footbridge
West Hall Beck
Footbridge
Dean Beck
Mill Stream
Hawksworth Island
Footbridge
New Brook Street Bridge Ilkey
Footbridge
Beanlands Island
Denton Bridge
West Beck
Mill Dam Beck
Boot's Beck
B6451 Bridge Street Otley
Footbridge
River Washburn
The Goit
A658 Pool Bridge
Railway Bridge (York-Harrogate-Leeds Line)
Weeton Beck
Mill Race
A61 Harewood Bridge
Stank Beck
Woodhall Bridge (footbridge)
Linton Bridge Collingham
Collingham Beck
Footbridge
A661 Wetherby
A58 Wetherby
A1 Wetherby
Thorp Arch Bridge Boston Spa
Wharfe Bridge (dismantled railway)
Hay Dike
Viaduct Walk Tadcaster (footbridge)
A659 Tadcaster Bridge
A64 Bridge
Cock Beck
Railway Bridge (York-Leeds/Sheffield Line)
Footbridge
Owl Sike
East Coast Main Line Railway Bridge
Pailbank Drain
The Fleet
River Ouse
The River Wharfe is a river in Yorkshire, England. For much of its length it is the county boundary between West Yorkshire and North Yorkshire. The name Wharfe derives from the Old English weorf or the Old Norse hverfr meaning winding river.[1]
Its valley is known as Wharfedale. The river source is at Beckermonds in Langstrothdale in the Yorkshire Dales National Park and flows through Kettlewell, Grassington, Bolton Abbey, Addingham, Ilkley, Burley-in-Wharfedale, Otley, Wetherby and Tadcaster. It then flows into the River Ouse near Cawood. The section of the river from its source to around Addingham is in Upper Wharfedale and has a very different character to the river downstream.
The Wharfe is 65 miles (104.6 km) long before it joins the Ouse making it the 21st longest river in Britain.[2] It is a public navigation from the weir at Tadcaster to its junction with the Ouse near Cawood and is tidal from Ulleskelf to the Ouse.
Contents
[hide]
1 Course
1.1 Water levels
2 Natural history
2.1 Fauna
2.2 Flora
3 Geology
3.1 The Strid
3.2 Linton Falls
4 History
5 Economy
6 Lists
6.1 Tributaries
6.2 Settlements
6.3 Crossings
7 Gallery
8 References
Course[edit]
The River Wharfe meandering between Starbotton and Kettlewell.
The river source is the confluence of Oughtershaw Beck and Green Field Beck in Langstrothdale near Beckermonds. It flows east and south-east taking the flows from many small streams, whose sources are the sink holes from Yockenthwaite Moor on the north bank and Horse Head Moor on the south bank. After Hubberholme, the river flows south past Buckden and Starbotton and then south-east past Kettlewell before flowing south again. Near Conistone are the gentle waterfalls of Scar Lash. Near Grassington, the river turns south-east over Linton Falls. South of Appletreewick, the river flows south-west for a short distance until it reaches Gill Beck and returns southward. To the north of Bolton Bridge, the river narrows and goes over waterfalls in an area known as The Strid. The river winds south and south-east towards Ilkley where it heads east through Otley and Collingham. It briefly flows north to Wetherby before turning south and then south-east past Ulleskelf to the confluence with the River Ouse.
Water levels[edit]
Monitoring Station[3]
Station Elevation
Low water level
High water level
Record high level
Kettlewell 212 m (696 ft) 0.17 m (0.56 ft) 2 m (6.6 ft) 2.54 m (8.3 ft)
Grassington 171 m (561 ft) 0 m (0 ft) 1.5 m (4.9 ft) 2.79 m (9.2 ft)
Ilkley 78 m (256 ft) 0.09 m (0.30 ft) 2.9 m (9.5 ft) 3.88 m (12.7 ft)
Otley 56 m (184 ft) 0.36 m (1.2 ft) 1.5 m (4.9 ft) 2.46 m (8.1 ft)
Pool Bridge 46 m (151 ft) 0.09 m (0.30 ft) 2.9 m (9.5 ft) 3.77 m (12.4 ft)
Arthington 46 m (151 ft) 0.32 m (1.0 ft) 3.3 m (11 ft) 4.14 m (13.6 ft)
Collingham 25 m (82 ft) 0.35 m (1.1 ft) 1.59 m (5.2 ft) 4.7 m (15 ft)
Wetherby 25 m (82 ft) 0.4 m (1.3 ft) 1.8 m (5.9 ft) 3.10 m (10.2 ft)
Tadcaster 11 m (36 ft) 0.18 m (0.59 ft) 2.9 m (9.5 ft) 3.79 m (12.4 ft)
Cock Beck Sluices 6 m (20 ft) 3.44 m (11.3 ft) 7.3 m (24 ft) 9.26 m (30.4 ft)
Fleet Pumping Station 6 m (20 ft) 2 m (6.6 ft) 6.5 m (21 ft) 7.35 m (24.1 ft)
Low and High Water Levels are an average figure.
Natural history[edit]
Fauna[edit]
More than 230 species of bird have been observed along the river valley including eagle-owl, red grouse, stonechat, whinchat, golden plover, pied flycatcher, redstart, wood warbler, common sandpiper, grey wagtail, dipper, tawny owl, sparrowhawk, greater spotted woodpecker, nuthatch, treecreeper and, in wetter places, snipe and woodcock, chiffchaff, willow warbler, garden warbler, and twite.[4]
The Wharfe has populations of signal crayfish and the few white-clawed crayfish remaining are at great risk.[4]
There are populations of rabbit, red fox, grey squirrel, otter, water voles and deer.[4][5][6]
Flora[edit]
Ferns found here include wall rue, maidenhair spleenwort, brittle bladder-fern, Hart's-tongue and hard shield-fern. In Upper Wharfedale the scars and screes support a range of plants including the alpine cinquefoil and hoary whitlowgrass. Also to be found are lesser meadow-rue, goldenrod, scabious and bloody crane's-bill with, to a lesser extent, mountain melick, limestone fern, wood crane's-bill and melancholy thistle, green spleenwort, wall lettuce and hairy stonecrop.[4]
Lower down the valley, species including alpine cinquefoil, lily-of-the-valley, mountain melick and herb paris, blue sesleria, common valerian and wild angelica. The limestone outcrops have uncommon species including rock whitebeam and Solomon's seal as well as bird's-eye primrose, butterwort, rockrose, dropwort and limestone bedstraw.
The limestone pavements of the area are a habitat for several species usually confined to woodlands, such as dog's mercury, wood anemone and ramsons. Rarer species to be found in the grikes include baneberry and downy currant. Ferns in the moist grikes include rigid buckler-fern. Also to be found are alternate-leaved golden saxifrage, reed canary-grass and stone bramble.
Some of the inaccessible cliffs are home to ledge dwelling flora including mosses and liverworts, such as red leskea, sharp rock-bristle and the very rare Zygodon gracilis. The ledges also support woodrush, polypody and water avens, purple saxifrage, yellow saxifrage, hoary whitlowgrass and roseroot.
Blue moor-grass can also be found, with sheep's-fescue and herbs such as thyme, salad burnet and common rock-rose. There is wild thyme, common milkwort, fairy flax, bird's-foot trefoil, autumn gentian, harebell, eyebright.
Species of tree and shrub include ash, downy birch, hazel, hawthorn, yew and rowan. In the woods shrubs such as wild privet and spindle can be found. More rare is dark red helleborine.[4][7]
Geology[edit]
Upper Wharfedale is an area whose rocks date from the Lower Carboniferous period and lies north-west of Burnsall. Its main features are the Great Scar Limestone which forms a base to the overlying Yoredale Beds, a 300-metre deep strata of hard limestones, sandstones and shale. These have been slightly tilted, toward the east. To the south-east of the area is the Millstone Grit laid down in the Upper Carboniferous period, and covered by heather moorland, hard crags and tors.[8][9]
Weathering of the Yoredale Beds has produced a stepped profile to the valley sides, consisting of a shelf of limestone, sometimes grassy but often displaying such karst features as limestone pavement, gorges and sinkholes. During the last ice age, the local ice cap at the head of the Dales fed glaciers to produce the classic U-shaped profiles seen today.[10]
Where the river valley changes course into Lower Wharfedale, the change of underlying rock can be seen in the darker stone in the field walls. The Millstone Grit outcrops at the Cow and Calf Rocks near Ilkley form a rolling dissected plateau. Due to the impermeable nature of the rock, blanket bogs and mires form, and drier areas have wet and dry heaths and acid grasslands.[11]
Coarse sandstones in the area are known as Addingham Edge and Bramhope Grits. The Otley Shell Beds become exposed at Otley Chevin. At Great Dib Wood the Otley Shell Bed is sandwiched between two Namurian sandstones.
Glacial lakes once filled Lower Wharfedale in which were deposited sand and gravel. These deposits were extracted and now form the basis of the Otley Wetland Reserve, and Ben Rhydding and Knotford Nook gravel pits.[12]
The Strid[edit]
The Strid (Grid Reference: SE064565) is a series of waterfalls and rapids associated with a deep underwater channel caused by the dramatic narrowing of the River Wharfe from approximately 30 ft (9 m) wide just to the north of the start of the Strid, to the width of a long stride less than 100 yards (91 metres) later.[13] It is especially dangerous as both banks are undercut,[14][15] and it has been the scene of a number of fatalities including those of a honeymoon couple.[16] The Strid walk is very popular and is accessed from the car park at Bolton Abbey.[17]
Linton Falls[edit]
Linton Falls (Grid Reference: SE001633) are located close to the village of Linton, just south of Grassington. The falls can be accessed from the town via Sedber Lane. There is a footbridge straddling the falls for viewing.
History[edit]
The name Wharfe appears to be recorded in the form Verbeiae on a Roman inscription at Ilkley, dedicated to Verbeia, thought to be the tutelary goddess of the river. The name is probably of Brythonic origin, from a root meaning "winding". Later forms of the name were probably influenced by the Old Norse hwerfi, meaning "bend".[18]
Iron Age fields and hut circles can still be seen in outline on the hills above Grassington and Kettlewell.[9] The Romans built a road through Wharfedale that went over Stake Moss into neighbouring Wensleydale. The local British tribe of Brigantes were subdued by the Romans in AD 74. The Romans mined lead in the hills on Greenhow Hill overlooking Appletreewick until AD 410.[9] After AD 620 the Ancient Britons were joined by Angles and increased the amount of forest clearing to establish fields for crops and animals. These were overrun by Danes initially before they too settled to farming near Burnsall and Thorpe. Vikings then settled the area in the 10th century, lending their language to some of the names of hamlets and landscape features of Upper Wharfedale, especially near the head of the valley.[9] During Anglo-Saxon times, large estates were established and the River Wharfe and its valley came under the protection of Earl Edwin of Bolton-in-Craven. After the Norman invasion, the lands were given to Robert Romilly.[9]
In medieval times low intensity methods were used to produce both crops and livestock but the great monasteries of Fountains, Rievaulx and Bolton Priory had large sheep flocks and sold their wool on the European market. In 1155, Alice de Romilly donated land for the establishment of Bolton Priory and land at Kilnsey to Fountains Abbey. The monasteries helped develop vast sheep farms and the founding of drove roads, which can still be seen and walked today. The success of the monasteries was also responsible for the growth of the market towns of Grassington and Kettlewell.[9]
When the monasteries were dissolved in 1539, and wool prices fell, many tenant farmers took to cattle and sheep rearing. However, at the end of the 17th century there was still small-scale arable production. By the early 19th century there was a demand for food from the growing industrial towns and farmers and many farms began to produce milk from the lower lands and use the higher fells for sheep.[19]
On 5 July 2014, the Tour de France Stage 1 from Leeds to Harrogate passed through Wharfedale along roads running close to the river. The route in Wharfedale started near the official start at Harewood and ended just after Buckden when the competitors turned to climb over Buttertubs Pass near Cray.[20]
The river has had appearances in films. In 1992, the town of Grassington was used as a filming location for Wuthering Heights.[21] The 2003 film, Calendar Girls, was filmed at several locations in the river valley including Buckden, Burnsall, Kettlewell and Kilnsey.[22]
Economy[edit]
Kettlewell Beck joining the River Wharfe.
During the 1990s there had been an increase in second home ownership, particularly in the Upper Wharfedale area. The 1991 census had shown 13% of homes in the Craven district were classified as second properties.[23] The 2001 census showed that the figure for Upper Wharfedale was 15%,[24] but it had dropped to only 7% by 2011.[25]
Upper Wharfedale has been traditionally associated with farming, but there has been a change in the numbers and types of employment. Whilst there were declines in the number of people in this industry, farming accounted directly for 9.16%[26] of employment in 2001 but this had increased to 11.27% by 2011.[27]
Lead mining was once the main industry in Wharfedale. From the 17th century to the late 19th century it employed hundreds of men and boys, exploiting the veins in the limestone at Greenhow, Hebden, Grassington, Linton and Conistone, Appletreewick and elsewhere. The heaps of mining waste remain, contaminated with lead, and on which little will grow. The few plants that will are known as 'lead plants' such as spring sandwort and alpine penny-cress.[28][29]
Tourism is important to the rural economy of Wharfedale and there are many short, mid and long distance walks, with clear waymarkers. Other outdoor activities take place such as rock climbing, most notably at Kilnsey Crag, and canoeing. Other activities include cycling, mountain biking, horse riding and caving.[30] Several long distance walks pass near or over the river:[31]
Dales Way (follows the river valley from Beckermonds to Ilkley)
Lady Anne's Way (enters the valley near Hubberholme and leaves to the west of Bolton Abbey)
Inn Way to the Yorkshire Dales (part of walk from Grassington to Buckden)
The Way of the Roses (part of the cycle route from Appletreewick to Thorpe)
Lists[edit]
See also: List of crossings of the River Wharfe
All lists are from the source of the river:-[32]
Tributaries[edit]
Deepdale Gill
Hagg Gill
Bowther Gill
Strans Gill
Kirk Gill
Cow Close Gill
Buckden Beck
Step Gill
Cam Gill Beck
Falcon Beard Beck
Hush Gutter
Kettlewell Beck
Black Geld
River Skirfane
How Beck
White Beck
Davy Keld
Dib Beck
Robin Hood's Beck
Captain Beck
Brow Well
Isingdale Beck
Howling Beck
Hebden Beck
Sandbed Beck
Barden Beck
The Old Gutter
Hall Wells Dike
Foul Sike
Fir Beck
Bumby Dike
Gill Beck
Hollin Beck
Posforth Gill
Cowpert Gill
Stead Dike
Pickles Beck
Raven's Gill Beck
Kex Beck
Lathehouse Beck
Wine Beck
West Hall Beck
Dean Beck
Mill Stream
West Beck
Mill Dam Beck
Boot's Beck
River Washburn
Weeton Beck
Stank Beck
Collingham Beck
Hay Dike
Cock Beck
Owl Sike
Pailbank Drain
The Fleet
Settlements[edit]
Beckermonds
Deepdale
Yockenthwaite
Hubberholme
Buckden
Starbotton
Kettlewell
Kilnsey
Conistone
Threshfield
Grassington
Linton
Hebden
Burnsall
Appletreewick
Bolton Abbey
Beamsley
Addingham
Nesfield
Ilkley
Burley in Wharfedale
Otley
Pool
Castley
Netherby
Chapel Hill
Collingham
Linton
Wetherby
Boston Spa
Thorp Arch
Newton Kyme
Tadcaster
Kirkby Wharfe
Ulleskelf
Ozendyke
Ryther
Crossings[edit]
New House Farm footbridge
Deepdale Bridge
Yockenthwaite Bridge
Hubberholme Bridge
Buckden Bridge
Starbotton footbridge
B6160 Kettlewell New Bridge
Conistone Bridge
B6265 Grassington Bridge
Tin Bridge (footbridge), Linton Falls
Linton stepping stones
Suspension Bridge (footbridge), Hebden
Burnsall Bridge
Drebley stepping stones
Barden Bridge
Barden Aqueduct and footbridge
Wooden Bridge (at Cavendish Pavilion)
Friars' Steps (stepping stones)
Waterfall Bridge (footbridge)
Bolton Bridge
A59 Bridge
Suspension Bridge (footbridge), Addingham
Old Bridge, Ilkley (footbridge)
New Bridge, Ilkley (New Brook Street)
Ilkley Susupension Bridge (footbridge)
Denton Bridge
Greenholme stepping stones
B6451 Otley Bridge
Footbridge
A658 Pool Bridge
Arthington Viaduct (Leeds-Harrogate railway line)
A61 Harewood Bridge
Woodhall Bridge (footbridge)
Linton Bridge, between Collingham and Linton
Footbridge
A661 Wetherby Bridge
A58 bridge, Wetherby
A1(M) bridge, Wetherby
Thorp Arch Bridge, Boston Spa
Tadcaster Viaduct (railway, disused)
A659 Tadcaster Bridge (bridge reopened 3 February 2017)
A64 bridge (Tadcaster By-pass)
Railway Bridge (Dearne Valley Line)
East Coast Main Line Railway Bridge
Gallery[edit]
Along the River Wharfe
Oughtershaw beck and Green Field Beck in Langstrothdale near Beckermonds become the River Wharfe
54°13′0.6″N 2°11′39.34″W / 54.216833°N 2.1942611°W / 54.216833; -2.1942611
River Wharfe in Langstrothdale
54°12′33.62″N 2°9′22.87″W / 54.2093389°N 2.1563528°W / 54.2093389; -2.1563528
River Wharfe, Langstrothdale, east from the Dales Way Long Distance Walk
54°12′59.34″N 2°11′13.38″W / 54.2164833°N 2.1870500°W / 54.2164833; -2.1870500
River Wharfe below Grassington Bridge
54°4′6.01″N 2°0′16.38″W / 54.0683361°N 2.0045500°W / 54.0683361; -2.0045500
Linton Falls near Grassington
River Wharfe Upstream of Hebden suspension bridge
River Wharfe at Loup Scar Gorge
54°3′3.21″N 1°57′5.02″W / 54.0508917°N 1.9513944°W / 54.0508917; -1.9513944
Barden Bridge, River Wharfe
54°0′45.32″N 1°55′19.15″W / 54.0125889°N 1.9219861°W / 54.0125889; -1.9219861
The Strid near Bolton Abbey
54°0′15.18″N 1°54′13.3″W / 54.0042167°N 1.903694°W / 54.0042167; -1.903694
Bolton Abbey and the River Wharfe
53°59′0.39″N 1°53′12.53″W / 53.9834417°N 1.8868139°W / 53.9834417; -1.8868139
River Wharfe, Ilkley from footbridge
53°55′56.94″N 1°48′56.43″W / 53.9324833°N 1.8156750°W / 53.9324833; -1.8156750
River Wharfe at Otley
Bridge over River Wharfe at Otley
River Wharfe east of Otley looking upstream
53°54′38.72″N 1°40′37.97″W / 53.9107556°N 1.6772139°W / 53.9107556; -1.6772139
River Wharfe east from Harewood Bridge
53°54′49.31″N 1°31′18.97″W / 53.9136972°N 1.5219361°W / 53.9136972; -1.5219361
River Wharfe at Pool-in-Wharfedale east from A658 bridge
River Wharfe from Linton Bridge
53°54′47.53″N 1°24′38.92″W / 53.9132028°N 1.4108111°W / 53.9132028; -1.4108111
River Wharfe, Wetherby
53°55′35.68″N 1°23′21.48″W / 53.9265778°N 1.3893000°W / 53.9265778; -1.3893000
River Wharfe at Tadcaster with St Mary the Virgin Church in background
53°53′4.24″N 1°15′38.16″W / 53.8845111°N 1.2606000°W / 53.8845111; -1.2606000
Wharfe's Mouth south of Cawood
53°50′38.73″N 1°7′50.17″W / 53.8440917°N 1.1306028°W / 53.8440917; -1.1306028
Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap · Google Maps
Download coordinates as: KML · GPX
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.daelnet.co.uk/placenames/index.cfm?letter=W
Jump up ^ Owen, Sue; Pooley, Colin; Park, Chris; Clark, Gordon; Watson, Nigel (2005). "Appendix 2". Rivers and the British landscape. Lancaster: Carnegie House. p. 232. ISBN 978-1-85936-120-7.
Jump up ^ "River levels". Environment Agency. 2010. Retrieved 23 December 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Habitats". Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Animals". Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Animals". Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Plants". Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Langstrothdale Landscape Character Assessment" (PDF). Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Upper Wharfedale & Littondale Landscape Character Assessment" (PDF). Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Craven Fault" (PDF). Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Mid WharfedaleLandscape Character Assessment" (PDF). Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 September 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Geology". Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Google Map". Google. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Marsh, Terry (2005). The Dales Way: A Complete Guide to the Trail. Cicerone. p. 27. ISBN 1 85284 464 7.
Jump up ^ Locke, Tim, ed. (2010). Slow North Yorkshire. Chalfont St. Peter: Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. p. 42. ISBN 978 1 84162 323 8.
Jump up ^ "Honeymooners' death a mystery". BBC News. 19 November 1998. Retrieved 24 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Waterfalls". Archived from the original on 9 July 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Watts, Victor, ed. (2010), "Wharfe", The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521168557
Jump up ^ "Area history". Archived from the original on 16 March 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Tour de France Stage 1". Retrieved 15 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Filming Locations". Retrieved 26 August 2011.
Jump up ^ "Filming Locations". Retrieved 26 August 2011.
Jump up ^ "Subsidies for absent home owners". Wharfedale Observer. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Housing Stock 2001 Census". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Second Address 2011 Census". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Industry of Employment 2001 Census". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Industry 2001 Census". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 21 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Lead mining". Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Mining". Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Leisure activities". Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original on 10 March 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Long Distance Walks". Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority. 2013. Archived from the original on 14 March 2012. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Ordnance Survey Open Viewer
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text:
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Part of a series on
The Ten Commandments
I am the LORD thy God
No other gods before me
No graven images or likenesses
Not take the LORD's name in vain
Remember the sabbath day
Honour thy father and thy mother
Thou shalt not kill
Thou shalt not commit adultery
Thou shalt not steal
Thou shalt not bear false witness
Thou shalt not covet
Related articles
Tablets of Stone
Ritual Decalogue
Catholic theology
v
t
e
"Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain" (KJV; also "You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God" (NRSV) and variants) is one of the Ten Commandments.
It is a prohibition of blasphemy, specifically, the misuse or "taking in vain" of the name of the God of Israel. Exodus 20:7 reads:
"Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain." (KJV).[1]
Based on this commandment, Second Temple Judaism by the Hellenistic period developed a taboo of pronouncing the name of God at all, resulting in the replacement of the Tetragrammaton by "Adonai" (literally "my lords" – see Adonai) in pronunciation.
In the Hebrew Bible itself, the commandment is directed against abuse of the name of God, not against any use; there are numerous examples in the Hebrew Bible and a few in the New Testament where God's name is called upon in oaths to tell the truth or to support the truth of the statement being sworn to, and the books of Daniel and Revelation include instances where an angel sent by God invokes the name of God to support the truth of apocalyptic revelations.[2] God himself is presented as swearing by his own name ("As surely as I live …") to guarantee the certainty of various events foretold through the prophets.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Hebrew Bible
2 In Judaism
3 In the New Testament
4 In the Catholic Church
5 In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
6 Reformation and post-Reformation doctrines
6.1 Winwood Reade's doctrine
7 References
8 External links
Hebrew Bible[edit]
The Hebrew לא תשא לשוא is translated as "thou shalt not take in vain". The word here translated as "in vain" is שוא shav' "emptiness, vanity; emptiness of speech, lying", while "take" is נשא nasa' "to lift, carry, bear, take, take away" (appearing in the second person as תשא). The expression "to take in vain" is also translated less literally as "to misuse" or variants.[4] Some have interpreted the commandment to be against perjury,[5] since invoking God's name in an oath was considered a guarantee of the truth of a statement or promise. Other scholars believe the original intent was to prohibit using the name in the magical practice of conjuration.[6]
Hebrew Bible passages also refer to God's name being profaned by hypocritical behavior of people and false representation of God's words or character.[7] Many scholars also believe the commandment applies to the casual use of God's name in interjections and curses (blasphemy).
The object of the command "thou shalt not take in vain" is את־שם־יהוה אלהיך at-shem-YHWH elohik "this-same name of YHWH, thy elohim", making explicit that the commandment is against the misuse of the proper name Yahweh specifically.
In the Hebrew Bible, as well as in the Ancient Near East and throughout classical antiquity more generally, an oath is a conditional self-curse invoking deities that are asked to inflict punishment on the oath-breaker. There are numerous examples in the Book of Samuel of people strengthening their statements or promises with the phrase, "As surely as Yahweh lives …" [8] and such statements are referred to in Jeremiah as well. The value of invoking punishment from God was based on the belief that God cannot be deceived or evaded. For example, a narrative in the Book of Numbers describes how such an oath is to be administered by a priest to a woman suspected of adultery, with the expectation that the accompanying curse will have no effect on an innocent person.[9]
Such oaths may have been used in civil claims, regarding supposed theft, for example, and the commandment is repeated in the context of honest dealings between people in Leviticus 19:12. At one point of the account of the dedication of the Temple of Solomon, Solomon prays to Yahweh, asking him to hear and act upon curses uttered in a dispute that are then brought before his altar, to distinguish between the person in the right and the one in the wrong.[10]
The prophet Isaiah rebuked Israel as the Babylonian Captivity drew near, pointing out that they bore the name of God, and swore by him, but their swearing was hypocritical since they had forsaken the exclusive worship of Yahweh for the worship of idols.[11] The Israelites had been told in Leviticus that sacrificing their children to idols and then coming to worship God caused God's name to be profaned, thus breaking the commandment.[12] According to the Book of Jeremiah, Yahweh told him to look around Jerusalem, asserting that he would not be able to find an honest man – "Even when they say, As Yahweh lives,' they are sure to be swearing falsely."[13] Jeremiah refers to a situation in which Israelites repented and took oaths in God's name – only to renege by reclaiming as slaves persons they had freed as part of their repentance. This hypocritical act was also considered profaning God's name.[14] In Jeremiah 12, an opportunity is also described for Israel's neighbors to avoid destruction and prosper if they stop swearing by their idol and swear only by the name of Yahweh.[15]
In Judaism[edit]
To avoid coming under guilt by accidentally misusing God's name, Jewish scholars do not write or pronounce the proper name in most circumstances, but use substitutes such as "Adonai (the Lord)," or "HaShem (the Name)."[16] In English translations of the Bible, the name Adonai is often translated "Lord," while the proper name Yahweh represented by the tetragrammaton is often indicated by the use of capital and small capital letters, Lᴏʀᴅ.[17]
Joseph Telushkin, a Modern Orthodox rabbi, wrote that the commandment is much more than a prohibition against casual interjections using God's name. He pointed out that the more literal translation of Lo tissa is "you shall not carry" rather than "you shall not take", and that understanding this helps one understand why the commandment ranks with such as "You shall not murder" and "You shall not commit adultery".[18]
One of the first commandments listed by Maimonides in the Mishneh Torah is the responsibility to sanctify God's name.[19] Maimonides thought the commandment should be taken as generally as possible, and therefore he considered it forbidden to mention God's name unnecessarily at any time. Jewish scholars referred to this as "motzi shem shamayim lavatalah", "uttering the Name of Heaven uselessly."[20] To avoid guilt associated with accidentally breaking the commandment, Jewish scholars applied the prohibition to all seven biblical titles of God in addition to the proper name, and established the safeguard of circumlocution when referring to the Name of God.[21] In writing names of God, a common practice includes substituting letters or syllables so that the written word is not exactly the name, or writing the name in an abbreviated manner. Orthodox Jews will not even pronounce a name of God unless it is said in prayer or religious study. The Sacred Name (Tetragrammaton), is never pronounced by these Jews but always read as "Adonai (the Lord)," "HaShem (the Name)," or sometimes "AdoShem".[22]
May His great Name be blessed forever and ever.
—  from the Kaddish[23]
The Kaddish is an important prayer in a Jewish prayer service whose central theme is the magnification and sanctification of God's name.[24] Along with the Shema and Amidah, it is one of the most important and central prayers of Jewish liturgy.
In the New Testament[edit]
In his Sermon on the Mount, Jesus taught that a person's word should be reliable and one should not swear by God or his creation.[25] In his letter, the Apostle James reiterates the instruction to just say 'yes' or 'no' and keep your word, "so that you may not fall into condemnation."[26]
According to David Cook, appeals to authorities to validate the truth of a promise had expanded in Jesus' day, which was not in line with the original commandment.[27] Jesus is quoted as warning that they were blind and foolish who gave credibility to such arguments.[28]
According to the Gospel of John, Jesus made appeals to the power of the name of God[29] and also claimed the name of God as his own, which constituted blasphemy if it were not true. The Gospel of John relates an incident where a group attempts to stone Jesus after he speaks God's name.[30] Jesus says that he is the Messiah, and makes parallels between himself and the "Son of Man" referred to by the prophet Daniel, which evokes an emphatic response that he has blasphemed (broken the commandment) and deserves death.[31]
Jesus came to them and said, "All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me. Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit."
—  Matthew 28:18–19 (NIV)
The Apostle Paul occasionally invokes God's name in his letters, calling God as witness to the purity of his motives and honesty of his dealings with the churches to whom he ministered.[32]
The author of Hebrews reviewed God's promise to Abraham as assurance that outstanding promises will yet be fulfilled. "Human beings, of course, swear by someone greater than themselves, and an oath given as confirmation puts an end to all dispute." [33] In the case of the promise of God to Abraham, God swore by his own name to guarantee the promise, since there was nothing greater for him to swear by.[34] Philo pointed out that it is natural that God would swear by himself, even though this is "a thing impossible for anyone else."[35]
Similar to the events described in the Book of Daniel, the Book of Revelation includes a description of an angel who swears by God to the truth of the end-time events being revealed to John.[36]
In the Catholic Church[edit]
O Lord, our Lord, how majestic is your name in all the earth!
—  Psalm 8:1, Catechism of the Catholic Church 2160
The Catholic Church teaches that the Lord's name is holy and should be introduced into one's speech only to bless, praise or glorify that name.[37] The name should be used respectfully, with an awareness of the presence of God.[38] It must not be abused by careless speech, false oaths, or words of hatred, reproach or defiance toward God, or used in magic.[39] Since Jesus Christ is believed to be the Messiah, and "the image of the invisible God,"[40] this commandment is applied to the name of Jesus Christ as well.
The sentiment behind this commandment is expressed in the Lord's Prayer, which begins, "Our Father who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name." According to Pope Benedict XVI, when God revealed his name to Moses he established a relationship with mankind; Benedict stated that the Incarnation was the culmination of a process that "had begun with the giving of the divine name."[41] Benedict elaborated that this means the divine name could be misused and that Jesus' inclusion of "hallowed be thy name" is a plea for the sanctification of God's name, to "protect the wonderful mystery of his accessibility to us, and constantly assert his true identity as opposed to our distortion of it."
Taking an oath or swearing is to take God as witness to what one affirms. It is to invoke the divine truthfulness as a pledge of one's own truthfulness.[42]
Promises made to others in God's name engage the divine honor, fidelity, truthfulness, and authority. They must be respected in justice. To be unfaithful to them is to misuse God's name and in some way to make God out to be a liar. (1 John 1:10)
—  Catechism of the Catholic Church 2147
For the same reason, the Catholic Catechism teaches that it is a duty to reject false oaths that others might try to impose; an oath may be made false because it attests to a lie, because an illegitimate authority is requiring it, or because the purpose of the oath is contrary to God's law or human dignity.[43]
In The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints[edit]
Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints believe in this commandment as written in Exodus 20. This commandment has been repeated in the LDS Scriptures such as the Book of Mormon and in Doctrine and Covenants.
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.
—  Mosiah 13:15[44]
Keep yourselves from evil to take the name of the Lord in vain, for I am the Lord your God, even the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob.
—  Doctrine and Covenants 136:21[45]]
And again, the Lord God hath commanded that men should not murder; that they should not lie; that they should not steal; that they should not take the name of the Lord their God in vain; that they should not envy; that they should not have malice; that they should not contend one with another; that they should not commit whoredoms; and that they should do none of these things; for whoso doeth them shall perish.
—  2 Nephi 26:32[46]
Former prophet and president of the Church, Spencer W. Kimball told the following story to inspire believers: President Kimball underwent surgery many years ago, he was wheeled from the operating room to the intensive care room. The attendant who pushed the gurney which carried him stumbled and let out an oath using the name of the Lord. President Kimball, who was barely conscious, said weakly, "Please! Please! That is my Lord whose names you revile." There was a deathly silence; then the young man whispered with a subdued voice, "I am sorry." [47]
Reformation and post-Reformation doctrines[edit]
Matthew Henry described five categories of actions that constitute taking God's name in vain: 1) hypocrisy – making a profession of God's name, but not living up to that profession; 2) covenant breaking – if one makes promises to God yet does not carry out the promised actions; 3) rash swearing; 4) false swearing; and 5) using the name of God lightly and carelessly, for charms or spells, jest or sport. He pointed out that though a person may hold himself guiltless in one of these matters, the commandment specifically states that God will not.[48]
The Lutheran Witness, a doctrinal document representing the Lutheran faith, supports the view that oaths should not generally be taken at all, except "for the glory of God and the welfare of our neighbor." Specifically, it states that proper use of God's name includes administration of oaths in court, and in swearing-in a spiritual or political leader to their respective offices, which include responsibilities toward God and fellow human beings.[49]
In his Institutes of the Christian Religion, John Calvin sets the stage for discussing this commandment by noting that an oath is calling God to witness that what we say is true, and that an appropriate oath is a kind of worship of God in that it implies a profession of faith. When human testimony fails, people appeal to God as witness, as the only one able to bring hidden things to light and know what is in the heart. False swearing robs God of his truth (to the observer), and therefore it is a serious matter. With regard to the casual use of God's name, Calvin summarized, "remember that an oath is not appointed or allowed for passion or pleasure, but for necessity." He wrote that the frequency of casual use of the name of God has dulled the public conscience but that the commandment, with its penalty, still stands.[50]
Winwood Reade's doctrine[edit]
Historian Winwood Reade has a different interpretation of the third commandment: "Invention of the Oath: But the chief benefit which religion ever conferred upon mankind, whether in ancient or in modern times, was undoubtedly the oath. The priests taught that if a promise was made in the name of the gods, and that promise was broken, the gods would kill those who took their name in vain. Such is the true meaning of the third commandment. Before that time treaties of peace and contracts of every kind in which mutual confidence was required could only be effected by the interchange of hostages. But now by means of this purely theological device a verbal form became itself a sacred pledge: men could at all times confide in one another; and foreign tribes met freely together beneath the shelter of this useful superstition which yet survives in our courts of law."[51]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ translating Biblical Hebrew לא תשא את־שם־יהוה אלהיך לשוא כי לא ינקה יהוה את אשר־ישא את־שמו לשוא׃
Jump up ^ Oath, in The Zondervan Topical Bible, Viening, E., ed., Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1978, ISBN 0-310-33710-0, pp. 719–720
Jump up ^ Live, in Carpenter, E.E. and Comfort, P.W., Holman Treasury of Key Bible Words: 200 Greek and 200 Hebrew words defined and explained, Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2000, ISBN 978-0-8054-9352-8, p. 117; Bruce, F.F., The Epistle to the Hebrews, The New International Commentary on the New Testament, Wm. B. Eardman's Publishing Company, 1990, ISBN 0-8028-2514-1, p. 154
Jump up ^ Telushkin, J., Jewish Literacy: The most important things to know about the Jewish religion, its people and its history. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1991, ISBN 0-688-08506-7, p. 56
Jump up ^ Ten Commandments, Illustrated Dictionary & Concordance of the Bible, Wigoder, G., general editor, et al., G.G. The Jerusalem Publishing House, Ltd., ISBN 0-89577-407-0, p.980
Jump up ^ en Commandments, HarperCollins Bible Dictionary, 1996, Achtemeier Paul J., ed., New York:HarperCollins Publishers, ISBN 0-06-060037-3, p.1109; Names of God in the OT: Attenuation of the Divine Name, in The Anchor Bible Dictionary, Freedman, D.N., editor-in-chief, New York: Doubleday, 1992, ISBN 0-385-19362-9, p. 1010
Jump up ^ See for examples Leviticus 18:21, 20:3, 21:6; Isaiah 48:1–2; Jeremiah 5:1–2, 7:9–15; Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole Bible, Vol. 1 Commentary on Exodus 20:7
Jump up ^ See, for examples, 1 Samuel 14:39, 45, 17:55, 20:3, 20:21, 25:26, 25:34, 26:10, 26:16, etc.
Jump up ^ Numbers 5:19–24; Isaacs RH, Every Person's Guide to Jewish Sexuality, Jason Aronson Publishers, 2000. ISBN 0-7657-6118-1, pp.74–75
Jump up ^ First Kings 8:31–32; Hooker, Paul, First and Second Chronicles, Westminster John Knox Press, 2001, ISBN 0-664-25591-4, p. 138, 143
Jump up ^ Isaiah 48:1–2; Isaiah 40–66, InterVarsity Press,2007, ISBN 0-8308-1481-7, p. 99
Jump up ^ Leviticus 18:21, 20:3, 21:6;Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole Bible, Vol. 1 Commentaries on Leviticus 18:21, 20:3 and 21:6
Jump up ^ Jeremiah 5:1–2; Calvin, J, McGrath A, and Packer, J.I., Crossway Classic Commentaries: Jeremiah and Lamentations, Good News Publishers,2000 ISBN 1-58134-157-1, p. 43
Jump up ^ Jeremiah 34:16; Pixley, J., Jeremiah, Chalice Press, 2004, ISBN 0-8272-0527-9, pp. 109–110
Jump up ^ Jeremiah 12:16–17; McKane, W., A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on Jeremiah: Introduction, Continuum International Publishing Group, 1986, ISBN 0-567-05042-4, p. 279
Jump up ^ Lamm, Norman, The Shema: Spirituality and law in Judaism, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 2000, ISBN 0-8276-0713-X, pp. 23–26
Jump up ^ The Episcopal Church, The Book of Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacraments …, New York: Church Publishing Inc., ISBN 0-89869-060-9, p.583; Barker, Kenneth, The Accuracy of the NIV, Baker Books, 1996, ISBN 0-8010-5639-X, p. 21
Jump up ^ Telushkin, J., Jewish Literacy: The most important things to know about the Jewish religion, its people and its history. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc., 1991, ISBN 0-688-08506-7, pp. 56–57
Jump up ^ The Kaddish Prayer: A new translation with a commentary anthologized from Talmudic, Midrashic and Rabbinic sources. New York: Mesorah Publications, Ltd., 2001, ISBN 0-89906-160-5, p.8
Jump up ^ Terumah 3b
Jump up ^ Hoffman, L.A., My people's prayer book: traditional prayers, modern commentaries, Vol. 1: The Sh'ma and its blessings, Jewish Lights Publishing, 1997, ISBN 1-879045-79-6 p. 36
Jump up ^ Lamm, Norman, The Shema: Spirituality and law in Judaism, Philadelphia: The Jewish Publication Society, 2000, ISBN 0-8276-0713-X, p. 23
Jump up ^ The Kaddish Prayer: A new translation with a commentary anthologized from Talmudic, Midrashic and Rabbinic sources. New York: Mesorah Publications, Ltd., 2001, ISBN 0-89906-160-5, p.7
Jump up ^ Donin, Hayim Halevy, To pray as a Jew: a guide to the prayer book and the synagogue service, Jerusalem: Moreshet Publishing Co.,1980, ISBN 0-465-08628-4, p. 216
Jump up ^ Matthew 5:33–37;
Jump up ^ James 5:12
Jump up ^ Hale, T., Thorson, S., Applied New Testament Commentary, Colorado Springs: David C. Cook, ISBN 978-0-7814-4865-9, p. 200
Jump up ^ Matthew 23:18–22; Long, T.G., Matthew, Westminster John Knox Press, 1997, ISBN 0-664-25257-5, p. 261
Jump up ^ Kruse, C., The Gospel According to John: an introduction and commentary, Wm B. Eerdman's Publishing, 2004, ISBN 0-8028-2771-3, p. 342
Jump up ^ John 8:57–59; Stott, J., Warren, R., Basic Christianity, Wm. B. Eerdman's Publishing Co., 2008, ISBN 0-8028-6463-5, p. 37
Jump up ^ Matthew 26:63–66;Levy, L.W., Blasphemy: verbal offense against the sacred, from Moses to Salman Rushdie, UNC Press, 1995, ISBN 0-8078-4515-9, p. 18
Jump up ^ 2 Corinthians 1:23; Galatians 1:20; Best, W.M., Russell, J.A., Morgan A., The Principles of the Law of Evidence: rules for conducting examination and cross-examination of witnesses, Jersey City: Federick D. Linn & Co., 1882, p. 255
Jump up ^ Hebrews 6:16 (NRSV)
Jump up ^ Mitchell, A.C., Harrington, D.J., Hebrews, Liturgical Press, 2007, ISBN 0-8146-5815-6, pp. 131–132
Jump up ^ Bruce, F.F., Epistle to the Hebrews, Wm. B. Eerdman's Publishing, 1990, ISBN 0-8028-2514-1, pp. 153–154
Jump up ^ Revelation 10:5,6; Smith, Robert H., Apocalypse: A commentary on Revelation in words and images, Order of St. Benedict, Inc., 2000, ISBN 0-8146-2707-2, p. 54
Jump up ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church 2143
Jump up ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church 2144–2145, 2153
Jump up ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church 2148–2149
Jump up ^ Luke 15:11–32; Catechism of the Catholic Church 1701
Jump up ^ Benedict XVI, pp. 143–145
Jump up ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church 2150
Jump up ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church 2151–2153
Jump up ^ http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/mosiah/13.15?lang=eng#14
Jump up ^ http://www.lds.org/scriptures/dc-testament/dc/136.21?lang=eng#20
Jump up ^ http://www.lds.org/scriptures/bofm/2-ne/26.32?lang=eng#31
Jump up ^ The Teachings of Spencer W. Kimball, ed. Edward L. Kimball [1982], 198
Jump up ^ Matthew Henry's Commentary on the Whole Bible, Vol. 1 Commentary on Exodus 20:7
Jump up ^ The Lutheran witness, Volume 11, General English Lutheran Conference of Missouri and Other States, English Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri and Other States, Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio, and Other States, Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod, Edited and published under the auspices of the Cleveland District Conference by C.A. Frank, 1892, p. 181
Jump up ^ Calvin, John, (Beveridge, Henry), Institutes of the Christian Religion, Hendrickson Publishers, 2008, ISBN 1-59856-168-5, pp. 246–248
Jump up ^ Winwood Reade "The Matyrdom of Man", Trubner & Co, London 1872.
External links[edit]
The Third Commandment in Masoretic Hebrew, Septuagint Greek and several English versions
Aseret Hadiberot on the commandment not to take (or carry) the name of God in vain (emptiness).
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Ten Commandments
Commandments
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Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain
Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy
Honour thy father and thy mother
Thou shalt not kill
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Modern media
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United States Senate election in Indiana, 2018
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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United States Senate election in Indiana, 2018
← 2012 November 6, 2018 (2018-11-06) 2024 →
Party
Democratic Republican
Incumbent U.S. Senator
Joe Donnelly
Democratic

Elections in Indiana
Federal government[show]
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The 2018 United States Senate election in Indiana will take place on November 6, 2018. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Joe Donnelly is running for re-election to a second term.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Democratic primary
1.1 Candidates
1.1.1 Declared
2 Republican primary
2.1 Candidates
2.1.1 Declared
2.1.2 Potential
2.1.3 Declined
2.2 Endorsements
2.3 Polling
3 General election
3.1 Polling
4 References
5 External links
Democratic primary[edit]
Candidates[edit]
Declared[edit]
Joe Donnelly, incumbent U.S. Senator[1]
Republican primary[edit]
Candidates[edit]
Declared[edit]
Mike Braun, State Representative[2][3]
Terry Henderson, businessman[4]
Mark Hurt, attorney and former congressional aide[5]
Luke Messer, U.S. Representative[6]
Todd Rokita, U.S. Representative[7][8][9]
Andrew Takami, Director of Purdue Polytechnic New Albany[10]
Potential[edit]
Brian Bosma, Speaker of the Indiana House of Representatives[7]
Curtis Hill, Attorney General of Indiana[11][12]
Trey Hollingsworth, U.S. Representative[7]
Marlin Stutzman, former U.S. Representative and candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2010 and 2016[13]
Jackie Walorski, U.S. Representative[14][15]
Declined[edit]
Jim Banks, U.S. Representative[16]
Susan Brooks, U.S. Representative[8]
Mike Delph, State Senator (endorsed Todd Rokita)[7][17]
Endorsements[edit]
[show]Luke Messer
David C. Long, State Senate President Pro Tempore[18]
James Bopp, conservative attorney and constitutional scholar[19]
[show]Todd Rokita
Mike Delph, State Senator[17]
Polling[edit]
Poll source
Date(s)
administered
Sample
size
Margin of
error
Luke
Messer
Todd
Rokita
Curtis
Hill
Mike
Braun
Mark
Hurt
Terry
Henderson
Andrew Takami
Other
Undecided
GS Strategy Group (Rokita) July 16–18, 2017 500 ± 4.4% 20% 28% — — — — — — 51%
14% 21% — — — — — 11% 55%
OnMedia (Messer) July 10–12, 2017 400 ± 4.8% 23% 23% 4% 2% 1% 1% 1% — 45%
General election[edit]
Polling[edit]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Bottorff, Kathy (January 7, 2017). "Hanscom to Manage Sen. Donnelly Reelect". WTCA. Retrieved January 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Grant, Mike (August 2, 2017). "Braun set for U.S. Senate run". Washington Times-Herald. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Wealthy state lawmaker joins GOP’s Indiana Senate race". The Washington Post. Associated Press. August 8, 2017. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ Colombo, Hayleigh (April 8, 2017). "Republicans jockey to take on Donnelly in 2018". Indianapolis Business Journal. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Myers, George (February 1, 2017). "Kokomo lawyer Mark Hurt announces US Senate bid". News and Tribune. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Pathé, Simone (26 July 2017). "Indiana Rep. Luke Messer Running for Senate". Roll Call. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Railey, Kimberly (January 31, 2017). "In light of @SusanWBrooks passing on #insen". Twitter. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Groppe, Maureen (January 31, 2017). "Brooks won't challenge Donnelly for U.S. Senate seat". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Latest: Rokita to Formally Announce Indiana Senate Bid". Associated Press. The New York Times. August 8, 2017. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ {{cite news|url=http://www.newsandtribune.com/news/purdue-polytechnic-director-andrew-takami-to-run-for-u-s/article_7b2c0880-1ec8-11e7-b6f0-b30d9f88e09e.html?platform=hootsuite%7Ctitle=Purdue Polytechnic director Andrew
Jump up ^ http://www.dailykos.com/stories/2017/5/25/1665948/-Newly-elected-Indiana-Attorney-General-Curtis-Hill-reportedly-interested-in-bid-against-Joe-Donnelly
Jump up ^ http://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/gop-attorneys-general-may-shake-senate-primaries
Jump up ^ Kamisar, Ben (November 16, 2016). "10 Senate seats that could flip in 2018". The Hill. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Colwell, Jack (November 27, 2016). "Here's how big Walorski's win was". South Bend Tribune. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Pathé, Simone (November 28, 2016). "Republican Gender Gap Could Grow in the House". Roll Call. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Pathe, Simone (March 23, 2017). "Indiana Headed for Another Member-on-Member Senate Primary". Roll Call. Retrieved March 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Howey, Brian A. (August 10, 2017). "Rokita announces with Delph support" (PDF). Howey Politics. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Matt McKinney (August 10, 2017). "Indiana State Senate President Pro Tempore David Long endorses Luke Messer for U.S. Senate". theindychannel.com.
Jump up ^ Brian Francisco (August 22, 2017). "Donnelly says focus is on helping Hoosiers". The Journal Gazette.
External links[edit]
Official campaign websites
Joe Donnelly (D) for Senate
Mike Braun (R) for Senate
Terry Henderson (R) for Senate
Mark Hurt (R) for Senate
Luke Messer (R) for Senate
Todd Rokita (R) for Senate
Andrew Takami (R) for Senate
[show]
v
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(2017 ←) 2018 United States elections (→ 2019)
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_Senate_election_in_Indiana,_2018&oldid=798448602"
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values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1904 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1908 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1912

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1916 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1920 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1924 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1928 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1932 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1936 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1940 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1944 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1948 (page does not exist)

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1952

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1956

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1960

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1964

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1968

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1972

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1976

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1980

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1984

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1988

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1992

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 1996

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 2000

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 2004

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 2008

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 2012

values: United States presidential election in Indiana, 2016

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Indiana Republican primary, 2012

values: United States Senate elections in Indiana

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1976

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1980

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1982

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1986

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1988

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1992

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1994

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 1998

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 2000

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 2004

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 2006

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 2010

values: United States Senate election in Indiana, 2016

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values: United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana, 1998

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana, 2000

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values: United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana, 2008

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Flag of Indiana

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Flag of Indianapolis

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values: Template talk:United States elections, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Arizona, 2018

values: United States Senate election in California, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Connecticut, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Delaware, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Florida, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Hawaii, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Maine, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Maryland, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Michigan, 2018

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values: United States Senate election in Mississippi, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Missouri, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Montana, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Nebraska, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Nevada, 2018

values: United States Senate election in New Jersey, 2018

values: United States Senate election in New Mexico, 2018

values: United States Senate election in New York, 2018

values: United States Senate election in North Dakota, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Ohio, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Tennessee, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Texas, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Utah, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Vermont, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Virginia, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Washington, 2018

values: United States Senate election in West Virginia, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 2018

values: United States Senate election in Wyoming, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Alaska, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in American Samoa, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Arizona, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Arkansas, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in California, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Colorado, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Connecticut, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Delaware, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in the District of Columbia, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Florida, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Georgia, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Guam, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Hawaii, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Idaho, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Illinois, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Iowa, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Kansas, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Kentucky, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Louisiana, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Maine, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Maryland, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Michigan, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Montana, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Nebraska, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Nevada, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in New Hampshire, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in New Jersey, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in New York, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in North Carolina, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in North Dakota, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in the Northern Mariana Islands, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Oklahoma, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Oregon, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Puerto Rico, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Rhode Island, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in South Dakota, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Texas, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Utah, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Vermont, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in the United States Virgin Islands, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Washington, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in West Virginia, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives elections in Wisconsin, 2018

values: United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming, 2018

values: United States gubernatorial elections, 2018

values: Connecticut gubernatorial election, 2018

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Guam gubernatorial election, 2018

values: Massachusetts gubernatorial election, 2018

values: New Hampshire gubernatorial election, 2018

values: Northern Mariana Islands gubernatorial election, 2018

values: Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 2018

values: Rhode Island gubernatorial election, 2018

values: South Carolina gubernatorial election, 2018

values: South Dakota gubernatorial election, 2018

values: United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election, 2018

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Louisville mayoral election, 2018

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Newark mayoral election, 2018

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Oakland mayoral election, 2018

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San Jose mayoral election, 2018

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Shreveport mayoral election, 2018

values: Category:2018 elections in the United States

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Alaska elections, 2018

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Connecticut elections, 2018

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Delaware elections, 2018

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Florida elections, 2018

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Guamanian general election, 2018

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Hawaii elections, 2018

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Kansas elections, 2018

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Kentucky elections, 2018

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Louisiana elections, 2018

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Maine elections, 2018

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Maryland elections, 2018

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Mississippi elections, 2018

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Missouri elections, 2018

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Montana elections, 2018

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New Hampshire elections, 2018

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New Jersey elections, 2018

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North Carolina elections, 2018

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Oregon state elections, 2018

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/wiki/Pennsylvania_elections,_2018
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Pennsylvania elections, 2018

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Tennessee elections, 2018

values: United States Virgin Islands general election, 2018

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Vermont elections, 2018

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Washington elections, 2018

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West Virginia elections, 2018

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Wyoming elections, 2018

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values: Category:United States Senate elections in Indiana

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