text:
Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 22)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Dancing with the Stars
(season 22)
Promotional poster, featuring pro dancers Witney Carson and Keoikantse Motsepe
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
11
Release
Original network
ABC
Original release
March 21 (2016-03-21) – May 24, 2016 (2016-05-24)
Additional information
Celebrity winner
Nyle DiMarco
Professional winner
Peta Murgatroyd
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 21
Next →
Season 23
Season twenty-two of Dancing with the Stars premiered March 21, 2016, on the ABC network.[1] Hosts Tom Bergeron and Erin Andrews returned, as did judges Carrie Ann Inaba and Bruno Tonioli. Len Goodman returned as head judge, after being absent for the previous season.
On May 24, 2016, Nyle DiMarco and his partner Peta Murgatroyd were crowned champions; this was Murgatroyd's second win on the show, as she also won season 14 with Donald Driver. DiMarco is also the first deaf contestant to win the show. Paige VanZant and Mark Ballas finished second, while Ginger Zee and Valentin Chmerkovskiy placed third.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Couples
1.2 Hosts and judges
2 Scoring charts
2.1 Average score chart
2.2 Highest and lowest scoring performances
2.3 Couples' highest and lowest scoring dances
3 Weekly scores
3.1 Week 1: First Dances
3.2 Week 2: Latin Night
3.3 Week 3: Most Memorable Year
3.4 Week 4: Disney Night
3.5 Week 5: America's Switch-up
3.6 Week 6: Famous Dances Night
3.7 Week 7: Icons Night
3.8 Week 8: Judges' Team-up Challenge
3.9 Week 9: Semifinals
3.10 Week 10: Finals
4 Dance chart
5 Guest judges
6 Ratings
6.1 U.S. Nielsen Ratings
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
Cast[edit]
Couples[edit]
The cast was revealed on March 8, 2016 on Good Morning America.[2] Edyta Śliwińska returned as a professional dancer this season after an eleven-season hiatus.[3] Also returning to the pro roster are Artem Chigvintsev and Peta Murgatroyd, both of whom did not appear last season as professional dancers, as well as Sasha Farber, who is once again promoted from troupe member to pro dancer. Last season's champion Derek Hough is not returning for this season.[4] Also not returning are Allison Holker, Emma Slater, Anna Trebunskaya, and Louis van Amstel.
Actress Jodie Sweetin was the first celebrity revealed on Good Morning America on March 2, 2016, while TV meteorologist Ginger Zee was also revealed on that show two days later, March 4.[5][6] The remaining celebrities and professionals dancers were later revealed, also on Good Morning America, on March 8.[2]
Celebrity
Notability (known for)
Professional partner[a][7]
Status
Ref
Geraldo Rivera Talk show host Edyta Śliwińska Eliminated 1st
on March 28, 2016 [8]
Mischa Barton Stage & screen actress Artem Chigvintsev Eliminated 2nd
on April 4, 2016 [9]
Marla Maples Actress & businesswoman Tony Dovolani Eliminated 3rd
on April 11, 2016 [10]
Doug Flutie Former NFL quarterback Karina Smirnoff
Peta Murgatroyd (week 5) Eliminated 4th
on April 25, 2016 [11]
Kim Fields Actress & reality television star Sasha Farber
Keoikantse Motsepe (week 5) Eliminated 5th
on May 2, 2016 [12]
Von Miller NFL linebacker Witney Carson
Lindsay Arnold (week 5)
Jodie Sweetin Full House actress Keoikantse Motsepe
Valentin Chmerkovskiy (week 5) Eliminated 7th
on May 9, 2016 [13]
Antonio Brown NFL wide receiver Sharna Burgess
Karina Smirnoff (week 5) Eliminated 8th
on May 16, 2016 [14]
Wanyá Morris Boyz II Men singer Lindsay Arnold
Witney Carson (week 5)
Ginger Zee Good Morning America meteorologist Valentin Chmerkovskiy
Mark Ballas (week 5) Third place
on May 24, 2016 [15]
Paige VanZant UFC fighter & model Mark Ballas
Alan Bersten (week 2)
Sasha Farber (week 5) Runner-up
on May 24, 2016
Nyle DiMarco Model & actor Peta Murgatroyd
Sharna Burgess (week 5) Winner
on May 24, 2016
Hosts and judges[edit]
Tom Bergeron and Erin Andrews returned as hosts, while judges Carrie Ann Inaba and Bruno Tonioli returned this season. Head judge Len Goodman has returned after missing last season, while Julianne Hough, who served as a judge during the previous three seasons, did not return.[16]
Scoring charts[edit]
Couple
Place
1
2
3
4[b]
5[a][b]
4+5
6
7
8
9
10
Night 1
Night 2
Nyle & Peta 1 23 20 25 34 37 71 25 28+28=56 29+29=58 27+30=57 27+30=57 +30=87
Paige & Mark 2 21 24 23 36 31 67 28 30+25=55 28+29=57 30+29=59 29+30=59 +30=89
Ginger & Val 3 23 21 21 36 32 68 24 30+25=55 30+29=59 27+29=56 28+30=58 +27=85
Antonio & Sharna 4 21 19 20 35 26 61 27 24+28=52 27+29=56 27+28=55
Wanyá & Lindsay 23 24 24 35 30 65 29 27+28=55 25+29=54 30+30=60
Jodie & Keo 6 20 21 23 27 35 62 25 26+25=51 30+29=59
Kim & Sasha 7 20 19 22 32 28 60 24 27+25=52
Von & Witney 21 20 20 32 29 61 24 24+28=52
Doug & Karina 9 15 20 20 24 28 52 21
Marla & Tony 10 21 20 21 28
Mischa & Artem 11 16 15 18
Geraldo & Edyta 12 13 13
Red numbers indicate the lowest score for each week
Green numbers indicate the highest score for each week
the couple eliminated that week
the returning couple that finished in the bottom three
the returning couple that was the last to be called safe
the winning couple
the runner-up couple
the third-place couple
Average score chart[edit]
This table only counts dances scored on a 30-point scale (scores by guest judges are excluded).
Rank by
average
Place
Couple[a]
Total
points
Number
of dances
Average
1 2 Paige & Mark 407 15 27.1
2 1 Nyle & Peta 404 26.9
3 4 Wanyá & Lindsay 318 12 26.5
4 3 Ginger & Val 395 15 26.3
5 4 Antonio & Sharna 296 12 24.7
6 6 Jodie & Keo 245 10 24.5
7 7 Kim & Sasha 183 8 22.9
7 7 Von & Witney 183 8 22.9
9 10 Marla & Tony 83 4 20.8
10 9 Doug & Karina 115 6 19.2
11 11 Mischa & Artem 49 3 16.3
12 12 Geraldo & Edyta 26 2 13.0
Highest and lowest scoring performances[edit]
The best and worst performances in each dance according to the judges' 30-point scale are as follows (scores by guest judges are excluded):
Dance
Highest scored dancer(s)
Highest score
Lowest scored dancer(s)
Lowest score
Cha-cha-cha Nyle DiMarco
Wanyá Morris 23 Geraldo Rivera 13
Foxtrot Nyle DiMarco 28 Doug Flutie 15
Tango Nyle DiMarco 25 Mischa Barton 16
Quickstep Ginger Zee 29 Marla Maples
Antonio Brown 21
Jive Paige VanZant
Jodie Sweetin 30 Marla Maples 21
Samba Paige VanZant 30 Mischa Barton 18
Argentine tango Ginger Zee
Nyle DiMarco 30 Marla Maples 20
Salsa Paige VanZant 29 Geraldo Rivera 13
Rumba Paige VanZant 24 Antonio Brown 19
Paso doble Wanyá Morris 30 Doug Flutie 20
Contemporary Antonio Brown
Ginger Zee 28 Von Miller 20
Waltz Wanyá Morris 24 Doug Flutie 20
Jazz Wanyá Morris 29 Doug Flutie 18
Viennese Waltz Ginger Zee 30 Kim Fields 22
Bollywood Doug Flutie 21 — —
Team dance Antonio Brown
Von Miller
Nyle DiMarco
Wanyá Morris 28 Kim Fields
Paige VanZant
Ginger Zee
Jodie Sweetin 25
Charleston Wanyá Morris 30 — —
Freestyle Ginger Zee
Nyle DiMarco
Paige VanZant 30 — —
Fusion dance Nyle DiMarco
Paige VanZant 30 Ginger Zee 27
Couples' highest and lowest scoring dances[edit]
Scores are based upon a potential 30-point maximum (scores by guest judges are excluded).
Couples[a]
Highest scoring dance(s)
Lowest scoring dance(s)
Nyle & Peta Argentine tango, Freestyle & Cha-cha-cha/Tango fusion (30) Rumba (20)
Paige & Mark Jive, Samba, Freestyle & Jive/Salsa fusion (30) Foxtrot (21)
Ginger & Val Viennese Waltz, Argentine tango & Freestyle (30) Samba & Contemporary (21)
Antonio & Sharna Paso doble (29) Rumba (19)
Wanyá & Lindsay Paso doble & Charleston (30) Cha-cha-cha & Tango (23)
Jodie & Keo Jive (30) Tango & Cha-cha-cha (20)
Kim & Sasha Samba (27) Salsa (19)
Von & Witney Team Dance (28) Cha-cha-cha & Contemporary (20)
Doug & Karina Tango & Bollywood (21) Foxtrot (15)
Marla & Tony Quickstep, Jive & Waltz (21) Argentine tango (20)
Mischa & Artem Samba (18) Cha-cha-cha (15)
Geraldo & Edyta Cha-cha-cha & Salsa (13) Cha-cha-cha & Salsa (13)
Weekly scores[edit]
Individual judges' scores in the charts below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli.
Week 1: First Dances[edit]
The couples danced the cha-cha-cha, foxtrot, jive, quickstep, or tango.
Running order
Couple
Scores[17]
Dance
Music
Kim & Sasha 20 (7, 6, 7) Cha-cha-cha "Sax"—Fleur East
Paige & Mark 21 (7, 7, 7) Foxtrot "Ain't Got Far to Go"—Jess Glynne
Doug & Karina 15 (5, 5, 5) Foxtrot "Sweet Caroline"—Neil Diamond
Jodie & Keo 20 (7, 6, 7) Tango "Confident"—Demi Lovato
Geraldo & Edyta 13 (5, 4, 4) Cha-cha-cha "Treasure"—Bruno Mars
Marla & Tony 21 (7, 7, 7) Quickstep "Sparkling Diamonds"—Nicole Kidman
Wanyá & Lindsay 23 (8, 7, 8) Cha-cha-cha "Motownphilly"—Boyz II Men
Ginger & Val 23 (8, 7, 8) Jive "Move (You're Steppin' on My Heart)"—Henry Krieger
Mischa & Artem 16 (5, 5, 6) Tango "In the Night"—The Weeknd
Nyle & Peta 23 (8, 7, 8) Cha-cha-cha "Cake by the Ocean"—DNCE
Antonio & Sharna 21 (8, 6, 7) Quickstep "Bad Man"—Pitbull feat. Robin Thicke, Joe Perry & Travis Barker
Von & Witney 21 (8, 6, 7) Foxtrot "My House"—Flo Rida
Week 2: Latin Night[edit]
The couples danced a Latin-inspired routine; Argentine tango, paso doble, rumba, salsa, and samba are introduced.
Due to a back injury, Mark Ballas was unable to dance with Paige VanZant; troupe member Alan Bersten performed in his place.[8]
Running order
Couple
Scores[8]
Dance
Music
Result
Jodie & Keo 21 (7, 7, 7) Samba "Bun Up the Dance"—Dillon Francis & Skrillex Safe
Marla & Tony 20 (7, 6, 7) Argentine tango "Don't"—Ed Sheeran Safe
Geraldo & Edyta 13 (5, 4, 4) Salsa "Ran Kan Kan"—Tito Puente Eliminated
Paige & Alan 24 (8, 8, 8) Salsa "Danza Kuduro"—Don Omar feat. Lucenzo Safe
Antonio & Sharna 19 (6, 6, 7) Rumba "Adorn"—Miguel Safe
Kim & Sasha 19 (7, 6, 6) Salsa "Conga"—Miami Sound Machine Safe
Nyle & Peta 20 (7, 6, 7) Rumba "Stole the Show"—Kygo feat. Parson James Safe
Mischa & Artem 15 (5, 5, 5) Cha-cha-cha "Pata Pata"—Miriam Makeba Bottom three
Von & Witney 20 (7, 6, 7) Cha-cha-cha "Ain't Too Cool"—LunchMoney Lewis Safe
Wanyá & Lindsay 24 (8, 8, 8) Salsa "Echa Pa'lla (Manos Pa'rriba)"—Pitbull Safe
Doug & Karina 20 (7, 6, 7) Paso doble "Buster Voodoo"—Rodrigo y Gabriela Bottom three
Ginger & Val 21 (7, 7, 7) Samba "Sorry (Latino remix)"—Justin Bieber feat. J. Balvin Safe
Week 3: Most Memorable Year[edit]
The couples performed one unlearned dance to celebrate the most memorable year of their lives; contemporary and waltz are introduced.
Running order
Couple
Scores[9]
Dance
Music
Result
Ginger & Val 21 (7, 7, 7) Contemporary "Home"—Phillip Phillips Safe
Doug & Karina 20 (7, 6, 7) Waltz "Rainbow Connection"—Kermit the Frog Last to be called safe
Kim & Sasha 22 (8, 7, 7) Foxtrot The Facts of Life theme—Al Burton, Gloria Loring & Alan Thicke Safe
Von & Witney 20 (7, 6, 7) Contemporary "In the Air Tonight"—Phil Collins Safe
Marla & Tony 21 (7, 7, 7) Jive "Happy"—Pharrell Williams Safe
Antonio & Sharna 20 (7, 6, 7) Foxtrot "7 Years"—Lukas Graham Safe
Paige & Mark 23 (8, 7, 8) Paso doble "300 Violin Orchestra"—Jorge Quintero Safe
Jodie & Keo 23 (8, 7, 8) Foxtrot "Rise Up"—Andra Day Last to be called safe
Mischa & Artem 18 (6, 6, 6) Samba "Party in the U.S.A."—Miley Cyrus Eliminated
Wanyá & Lindsay 24 (8, 8, 8) Waltz "The Star-Spangled Banner"—Boyz II Men Safe
Nyle & Peta 25 (8, 8, 9) Tango "Verge"—Owl City feat. Aloe Blacc Safe
Week 4: Disney Night[edit]
Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Zendaya, Bruno Tonioli.
The couples performed one unlearned dance to a song from a Disney film; jazz and Viennese Waltz are introduced.
Running order
Couple
Scores[10]
Dance
Music
Disney film
Result
Antonio & Sharna 35 (9, 8, 9, 9) Jazz "Friend Like Me"—Ne-Yo Aladdin Safe
Marla & Tony 28 (7, 7, 7, 7) Waltz "Part of Your World"—Jodi Benson The Little Mermaid Eliminated
Nyle & Peta 34 (8, 8, 9, 9) Samba "Trashin' the Camp"—Phil Collins Tarzan Safe
Doug & Karina 24 (6, 6, 6, 6) Jazz "A Spoonful of Sugar"—Julie Andrews Mary Poppins Safe
Kim & Sasha 32 (8, 8, 8, 8) Quickstep "I Wan'na Be Like You"—Fall Out Boy The Jungle Book Safe
Jodie & Keo 27 (7, 6, 7, 7) Cha-cha-cha "Try Everything"—Shakira Zootopia Last to be called safe
Von & Witney 32 (8, 8, 8, 8) Viennese Waltz "A Dream Is a Wish Your Heart Makes"—Lily James Cinderella Safe
Ginger & Val 36 (9, 9, 9, 9) Foxtrot "Belle"—Paige O'Hara Beauty and the Beast Safe
Wanyá & Lindsay 35 (8, 9, 9, 9) Samba "Circle of Life (District 78 remix)"—District 78 The Lion King Safe
Paige & Mark 36 (9, 9, 9, 9) Quickstep "You've Got a Friend in Me"—Randy Newman Toy Story Safe
Week 5: America's Switch-up[edit]
Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Maksim Chmerkovskiy, Bruno Tonioli.
The celebrities performed one unlearned dance with a different partner selected by the general public; due to the nature of the week, no elimination took place.
Running order
Couple
Scores[18]
Dance
Music
Wanyá & Witney 30 (8, 7, 7, 8) Tango "Hold Back the River"—James Bay
Kim & Keo 28 (8, 6, 6, 8) Viennese Waltz "These Arms of Mine"—Otis Redding
Doug & Peta 28 (7, 7, 7, 7) Tango "Black and Gold"—Sam Sparro
Ginger & Mark 32 (8, 8, 8, 8) Salsa "La Malanga"—Eddie Palmieri
Antonio & Karina 26 (7, 6, 6, 7) Cha-cha-cha "Son of a Preacher Man"—Dusty Springfield
Paige & Sasha 31 (8, 8, 7, 8) Rumba "Perfect"—One Direction
Von & Lindsay 29 (8, 7, 7, 7) Jive "Hips"—Beans & Fatback
Nyle & Sharna 37 (9, 10, 9, 9)[c] Viennese Waltz "I Get to Love You"—Ruelle
Jodie & Val 35 (9, 8, 9, 9) Paso doble "Under Control"—Calvin Harris & Alesso feat. Hurts
Week 6: Famous Dances Night[edit]
The couples performed one unlearned dance that paid tribute to iconic dance performances from films, music videos, or live performances; Bollywood is introduced.
Running order
Couple
Scores[11]
Dance
Music
Result
Kim & Sasha 24 (8, 8, 8) Jive "You Can't Stop the Beat"—from Hairspray Safe
Von & Witney 24 (8, 8, 8) Jazz "Bad"—Michael Jackson Last to be called safe
Jodie & Keo 25 (9, 8, 8) Contemporary "Try"—Pink Safe
Paige & Mark 28 (9, 10, 9) Jazz "Soul Bossa Nova"—Quincy Jones Last to be called safe
Nyle & Peta 25 (8, 8, 9) Quickstep "Hey Pachuco"—Royal Crown Revue Safe
Ginger & Val 24 (8, 8, 8) Jazz "Nasty"—Janet Jackson Safe
Doug & Karina 21 (7, 7, 7) Bollywood "Jai Ho"—A. R. Rahman Eliminated
Wanyá & Lindsay 29 (10, 9, 10) Jazz "Bye Bye Bye"—NSYNC Safe
Antonio & Sharna 27 (9, 9, 9) Jive "Footloose"—Kenny Loggins Safe
Week 7: Icons Night[edit]
The couples performed one unlearned dance and a team dance to songs from popular musical icons.
Running order
Couple
Scores[12]
Dance
Music
Result
Jodie & Keo 26 (8, 9, 9) Quickstep "For Once in My Life"—Stevie Wonder Safe
Kim & Sasha 27 (9, 9, 9) Samba "ABC"—The Jackson 5 Eliminated
Nyle & Peta 28 (10, 9, 9)[d] Foxtrot "Beautiful Day"—U2 Safe
Antonio & Sharna 24 (8, 8, 8) Tango "Paint It Black"—The Rolling Stones Safe
Wanyá & Lindsay 27 (9, 9, 9) Foxtrot "I Say a Little Prayer"—Aretha Franklin Last to be called safe
Ginger & Val 30 (10, 10, 10) Viennese Waltz "I Have Nothing"—Whitney Houston Safe
Von & Witney 24 (8, 8, 8) Salsa "A Little Less Conversation"—Elvis Presley Eliminated
Paige & Mark 30 (10, 10, 10) Jive "Proud Mary"—Tina Turner Safe
Antonio & Sharna
Von & Witney
Nyle & Peta
Wanyá & Lindsay 28 (9, 9, 10) Freestyle
(Team James Brown) "Super Bad" / "Living in America" / "I Got You (I Feel Good)"—James Brown
Kim & Sasha
Paige & Mark
Ginger & Val
Jodie & Keo 25 (8, 8, 9) Freestyle
(Team Beyoncé) "End of Time" / "If I Were a Boy" / "Crazy in Love"—Beyoncé
Week 8: Judges' Team-up Challenge[edit]
Individual judges scores in the chart below (given in parentheses) are listed in this order from left to right: Carrie Ann Inaba, Len Goodman, Bruno Tonioli, America's Score.
The couples performed one unlearned dance and a team-up dance with another couple that was designed and coached by one of the three judges.
To avoid favoritism, the judges did not score their own teams. Instead, the general public was able to score the team-up dances on a scale from 1 to 10, with an averaged score counting alongside the remaining judges.[13]
Running order
Couple
(Team-up Judge)
Scores[13]
Dance
Music
Result
Nyle & Peta 29 (10, 9, 10) Paso doble "Victorious"—Panic! at the Disco Safe
Antonio & Sharna 27 (9, 9, 9) Viennese Waltz "Love on the Brain"—Rihanna Safe
Jodie & Keo 30 (10, 10, 10) Jive "Something's Got a Hold on Me"—Etta James Eliminated
Paige & Mark 28 (10, 9, 9) Viennese Waltz "Stone Cold"—Demi Lovato Safe
Ginger & Val 30 (10, 10, 10) Argentine tango "Telephone"—Martynas Levickis Safe
Wanyá & Lindsay 25 (8, 8, 9) Jive "Can You Do This"—Aloe Blacc Last to be called safe
Nyle & Peta
Jodie & Keo
(Bruno Tonioli) 29 (10, 10, X, 9) Argentine tango "Habanera"—Georges Bizet
Wanyá & Lindsay
Ginger & Val
(Len Goodman) 29 (10, X, 10, 9) Samba "Jump in the Line (Shake, Senora)"—Harry Belafonte
Antonio & Sharna
Paige & Mark
(Carrie Ann Inaba) 29 (X, 10, 10, 9) Paso doble "Everybody Wants to Rule the World"—Lorde
Week 9: Semifinals[edit]
The couples performed a trio dance involving an eliminated pro or a member of the troupe and an unlearned dance; Charleston is introduced.
Running order
Couple
(Trio Dance Partner)
Scores[14]
Dance
Music
Result
Paige & Mark
(Alan Bersten) 30 (10, 10, 10) Samba "Hip Hip Chin Chin"—Club des Belugas Last to be called safe
29 (10, 9, 10) Argentine tango "One Time"—Marian Hill
Antonio & Sharna
(Hayley Erbert) 27 (9, 9, 9) Argentine tango "Mi Confesión"—Gotan Project Eliminated
28 (9, 9, 10) Contemporary "Hall of Fame"—The Script feat. will.i.am
Wanyá & Lindsay
(Witney Carson) 30 (10, 10, 10) Paso doble "Explosive"—David Garrett & Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
30 (10, 10, 10) Charleston "Shame on Me"—Avicii feat. Sterling Fox & Audra Mae
Nyle & Peta
(Jenna Johnson) 27 (9, 9, 9) Jive "Hit the Road Jack"—Hermes House Band Safe
30 (10, 10, 10) Argentine tango "Unsteady"—X Ambassadors
Ginger & Val
(Artem Chigvintsev) 27 (9, 9, 9) Paso doble "Shot Me Down"—David Guetta feat. Skylar Grey Safe
29 (9, 10, 10) Quickstep "Fire Under My Feet"—Leona Lewis
Week 10: Finals[edit]
On the first night, the couples performed a redemption dance and a freestyle.
On the second night, the couples danced a fusion dance that fused two dance styles.
Running order (Night 1)
Couple
Scores[19]
Dance
Music
Ginger & Val 28 (9, 10, 9) Contemporary "Adventure of a Lifetime"—Coldplay
30 (10, 10, 10) Freestyle "Orange Colored Sky"—Nat King Cole
Nyle & Peta 27 (9, 9, 9) Quickstep "S.O.B."—Nathaniel Rateliff & the Night Sweats
30 (10, 10, 10) Freestyle "The Sound of Silence"—Disturbed
Paige & Mark 29 (10, 9, 10) Salsa "Fireball"—Pitbull feat. John Ryan
30 (10, 10, 10) Freestyle "Over the Rainbow"—BC Jean
Running order (Night 2)
Couple
Scores[15]
Dance
Music
Result
Ginger & Val 27 (9, 9, 9) Argentine tango
Foxtrot "Just Like Fire"—Pink Third place
Nyle & Peta 30 (10, 10, 10) Cha-cha-cha
Tango "Summer"—Calvin Harris Winner
Paige & Mark 30 (10, 10, 10) Jive
Salsa "Little Bitty Pretty One"—Thurston Harris and the Sharps Runner-up
Dance chart[edit]
The celebrities and professional partners will dance one of these routines for each corresponding week:
Week 1: Cha-cha-cha, foxtrot, jive, quickstep or tango (First Dances)
Week 2: One unlearned Latin dance (Latin Night)
Week 3: One unlearned dance (Most Memorable Year)
Week 4: One unlearned dance (Disney Night)
Week 5: One unlearned dance (America's Switch-up)
Week 6: One unlearned dance (Famous Dances Night)
Week 7: One unlearned dance & team dances (Icons Night)
Week 8: One unlearned dance & team-up challenge (Judges' Team-up Challenge)
Week 9: One unlearned dance & trio dance (Semifinals)
Week 10 (Night 1): Redemption dance & freestyle
Week 10 (Night 2): 24-hour fusion challenge
Couple
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5[a]
Week 6
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Nyle & Peta
Cha-cha-cha Rumba Tango Samba Viennese Waltz
(Nyle & Sharna) Quickstep Foxtrot Freestyle
(Team James Brown) Paso doble Argentine tango
(w/ Jodie & Keo) Jive Argentine tango Quickstep Freestyle Cha-cha-cha Cha-cha-cha
Tango
Paige & Mark
Foxtrot Salsa Paso doble Quickstep Rumba
(Paige & Sasha) Jazz Jive Freestyle
(Team Beyoncé) Viennese Waltz Paso doble
(w/ Antonio & Sharna) Samba Argentine tango Salsa Freestyle Paso doble Jive
Salsa
Ginger & Val
Jive Samba Contemporary Foxtrot Salsa
(Ginger & Mark) Jazz Viennese Waltz Freestyle
(Team Beyoncé) Argentine tango Samba
(w/ Wanyá & Lindsay) Paso doble Quickstep Contemporary Freestyle Argentine tango Argentine tango
Foxtrot
Antonio & Sharna
Quickstep Rumba Foxtrot Jazz Cha-cha-cha
(Antonio & Karina) Jive Tango Freestyle
(Team James Brown) Viennese Waltz Paso doble
(w/ Paige & Mark) Argentine tango Contemporary Jazz
Wanyá & Lindsay
Cha-cha-cha Salsa Waltz Samba Tango
(Wanyá & Witney) Jazz Foxtrot Freestyle
(Team James Brown) Jive Samba
(w/ Ginger & Val) Paso doble Charleston Charleston
Jodie & Keo
Tango Samba Foxtrot Cha-cha-cha Paso doble
(Jodie & Val) Contemporary Quickstep Freestyle
(Team Beyoncé) Jive Argentine tango
(w/ Nyle & Peta) Jive
Kim & Sasha
Cha-cha-cha Salsa Foxtrot Quickstep Viennese Waltz
(Kim & Keo) Jive Samba Freestyle
(Team Beyoncé) Cha-cha-cha
Von & Witney
Foxtrot Cha-cha-cha Contemporary Viennese Waltz Jive
(Von & Lindsay) Jazz Salsa Freestyle
(Team James Brown)
Doug & Karina
Foxtrot Paso doble Waltz Jazz Tango
(Doug & Peta) Bollywood
Marla & Tony
Quickstep Argentine tango Jive Waltz
Mischa & Artem
Tango Cha-cha-cha Samba
Geraldo & Edyta
Cha-cha-cha Salsa
Highest scoring dance
Lowest scoring dance
Danced, but not scored
Guest judges[edit]
Beginning in week four of the live shows, a celebrity guest judge was present at the judges table to comment on and score the dance routines. Season 16 runner-up Zendaya was the first celebrity guest judge on April 11.[20]
Date
Guest judge
Occupation(s)
Ref(s)
April 11, 2016 Zendaya Actress and season 16 runner-up [20]
April 18, 2016 Maksim Chmerkovskiy Former DWTS professional dancer and season 18 champion [7]
May 9, 2016 America The viewers at home voted for the team-up dances via the official ABC website. [21]
Ratings[edit]
U.S. Nielsen Ratings[edit]
Episode
Air date
Rating/Share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
18–49 rank
(Weekly)
Viewership rank
(Weekly)
Ref(s)
1 "Week 1: Premiere" March 21, 2016
1.8
6
12.46
16
3
[22][23]
2 "Week 2: Latin Night" March 28, 2016
1.7
6
11.97
12
3
[24][25]
3 "Week 3: Most Memorable Year" April 4, 2016
1.7
6
11.72
12
7
[26][27]
4 "Week 4: Disney Night" April 11, 2016
2.0
7
12.51
6
1
[28][29]
5 "Week 5: America's Switch-up" April 18, 2016
1.6
5
10.95
13
4
[30][31]
6 "Week 6: Famous Dances Night" April 25, 2016
1.8
6
11.75
7
2
[32][33]
7 "Week 7: Icons Night" May 2, 2016
1.8
6
11.81
10
4
[34][35]
8 "Week 8: Team-Up Challenge" May 9, 2016
1.7
6
11.33
12
4
[36][37]
9 "Week 9: Semifinals" May 16, 2016
1.7
6
11.64
11
3
[38][39]
10 "Week 10: The Finals" May 23, 2016
1.9
7
12.34
4
1
[40][41]
11 "Week 10: The Finals Results" May 24, 2016
1.6
5
10.49
5
3
[42][41]
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e During Week 5, the celebrities performed with a different professional partner as part of the "America's Switch-up" for that week only. All celebrities returned to their original partners on Week 6.
^ Jump up to: a b The couples were scored on a 40-point scale due to the presence of a guest judge.
Jump up ^ The official scores are those submitted to the producers before critiques are given. Judges Maksim Chmerkovskiy and Bruno Tonioli submitted 9s, so even though they held up 10 paddles, the former scores were the ones that counted.
Jump up ^ The official scores are those submitted to the producers before critiques are given. Judge Bruno Tonioli submitted a 9, so even though he held up a 10 paddle, the former score is the one that counted.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Gomez, Patrick (November 24, 2015). "Dancing with the Stars Season 22 Premiere Date Revealed!". People Magazine. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dancing With the Stars 2016: Season 22 Celebrity Cast Revealed Live on 'GMA'". ABC News. March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Edyta Sliwinska Returning for 'Dancing With the Stars' Season 22". Entertainment Tonight. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Lisa Respers France, CNN (2 March 2016). "Derek Hough out for next 'Dancing With the Stars'". CNN. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Jodie Sweetin 1st Cast Reveal DWTS Season 22 – GMA". Youtube. March 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Corinthios, Aurelie (March 4, 2016). "New Mom Ginger Zee Joins Dancing with the Stars with Val Chmerkovskiy!". People. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dancing With the Stars Switch Up Pairings Revealed". ABC News. April 13, 2016. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Latin Night and the First Elimination". buddytv.com. Retrieved March 28, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: The Stars' Most Memorable Years". buddytv.com. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Disney Night with Guest Judge Zendaya". buddytv.com. Retrieved April 11, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: The Couples Recreate Famous Dances". buddytv.com. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Team Dances and a Double Elimination". buddytv.com. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: The Judges' Team-Up Challenge". buddytv.com. Retrieved May 9, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Semifinals, Trio Dances and 2 More Go Home". buddytv.com. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Dancing with the Stars' Season 22 Finale Recap: Who Wins the Mirror Ball?". buddytv.com. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gomez, Patrick. "Julianne Hough Not Returning as Dancing with the Stars Judge as Len Goodman Returns". People Magazine. Retrieved March 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kubicek, John (March 21, 2016). "'Dancing with the Stars' Season 22 Premiere Recap: The Competition Begins". BuddyTV. Retrieved March 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Switch-Up Challenge for the Top 9". buddytv.com. Retrieved April 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ "'Dancing with the Stars' Recap: Freestyles for the Final 3". buddytv.com. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Brown, Lisa (April 4, 2016). "Zendaya Will Guest Judge 'Dancing with the Stars' Disney Night Next Week". Billboard. Retrieved April 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Scoop: DANCING WITH THE STARS on ABC - Monday, May 9, 2016". broadwayworld.com. 5 May 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 22, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'The Voice' adjusts up, 'Blindspot' adjusts down". TVbytheNumbers. Retrieved March 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick. "Broadcast weekly Top 25: NCAA Tournament and 'NCIS' on top for March 21–27". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick. "Monday final ratings: 'Supergirl,' 'Blindspot' and everything else hold". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved March 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick. "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' reclaims No. 1 ranking for March 28-April 3". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 5, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'The Voice' adjusts up, 'Blindspot' and 'Castle' adjust down". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 12, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' leads demo for April 4–10, 'NCIS' tops in viewers". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 12, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'The Voice' adjusts up, 'Crazy Ex-Girlfriend' and 'Jane the Virgin' adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 19, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' and 'Dancing With the Stars' lead the week of April 11–17". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 19, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'Supergirl' finale adjusts up, 'NCIS: LA' adjusts down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 26, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' tops 18-49, 'NCIS' leads viewers for April 18–24". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 26, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'The Voice' adjusts down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 3, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' and 'The Big Bang Theory' on top again for April 25-May 1". TV By The Numbers. Retrieved May 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 3, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'NCIS: LA' finale and all others hold". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 10, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' and 'NCIS' lead the week of May 2–8". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 10, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'Blindspot' and 'Reign' adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 17, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire' and 'NCIS' lead the week of May 9–15". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 17, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'Mike & Molly' finale and 'The Voice' adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 24, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'Empire,' 'NCIS' finales top the week of May 16–22". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 24, 2016). "Monday final ratings: 'The Bachelorette' premiere, all others hold". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (June 1, 2016). "Broadcast weekly Top 25: 'The Voice' finale leads the week of May 23–29". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 25, 2016). "Tuesday final ratings: 'The Voice,' 'The Flash' and 'The Real O'Neals' finales adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 25, 2016.
External links[edit]
Official website
[hide]
v
t
e
Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
Seasons
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Participants
List of competitors
Winners
Celebrity
Kelly Monaco
Drew Lachey
Emmitt Smith
Apolo Anton Ohno
Hélio Castroneves
Kristi Yamaguchi
Brooke Burke
Shawn Johnson
Donny Osmond
Nicole Scherzinger
Jennifer Grey
Hines Ward
J.R. Martinez
Donald Driver
Melissa Rycroft
Kellie Pickler
Amber Riley
Meryl Davis
Alfonso Ribeiro
Rumer Willis
Bindi Irwin
Nyle DiMarco
Laurie Hernandez
Rashad Jennings
Professional
Alec Mazo
Cheryl Burke
Julianne Hough
Mark Ballas
Derek Hough
Kym Johnson
Karina Smirnoff
Peta Murgatroyd
Tony Dovolani
Maksim Chmerkovskiy
Witney Carson
Valentin Chmerkovskiy
Emma Slater
Spin-off
Dancing with the Stars Junior
Games
Dancing with the Stars
We Dance!
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dancing_with_the_Stars_(U.S._season_22)&oldid=809087857"
Categories:
Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)
2016 American television seasons
Hidden categories:
Television season articles that use custom fields
Infobox television season articles that use the season name parameter
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Español
Edit links
This page was last edited on 7 November 2017, at 01:43.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background: #D3A126; color: black; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Dancing with the Stars us season 22 poster.png

attrs: href class

attrs: href title

value: td

attrs: colspan style

attrs: scope style

values:
row
white-space: nowrap

value: abbr

values: text-align:center;background: #D3A126; color: black; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Louis_van_Amstel
mw-redirect
Louis van Amstel

values: text-align: center; margin:auto; align: center

values: margin:auto; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap; width:20%;

values: background-color:orange; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:lightblue; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:lightgreen; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:gold; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:silver; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:tan; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values:
wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter
margin:auto; text-align:center;

values: Edit section: Highest and lowest scoring performances

values:
sortable headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Foxtrot_(dance)
mw-redirect
Foxtrot (dance)

values:
/wiki/Jazz_(dance)
mw-redirect
Jazz (dance)

values: Edit section: Couples' highest and lowest scoring dances

values: Edit section: Week 3: Most Memorable Year

values:
/wiki/Try_Everything_(Shakira_song)
mw-redirect
Try Everything (Shakira song)

values: Edit section: Week 5: America's Switch-up

values:
/wiki/Black_and_Gold_(Sam_Sparro_song)
mw-redirect
Black and Gold (Sam Sparro song)

values: Under Control (Calvin Harris and Alesso song)

values: Edit section: Week 6: Famous Dances Night

values: Edit section: Week 8: Judges' Team-up Challenge

values:
/wiki/Jump_in_the_Line_(Shake,_Senora)
mw-redirect
Jump in the Line (Shake, Senora)

values:
/wiki/Marian_Hill_(American_duo)
mw-redirect
Marian Hill (American duo)

values:
/wiki/Just_Like_Fire
mw-redirect
Just Like Fire

values: background-color:#ccff88; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values: background-color:#ffc6c6; color:; border:1px solid darkgray; text-align:center;

values:
/wiki/United_States_of_America
mw-redirect
United States of America

values: text-align:center; font-size:100%; width: 100%

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: lower-alpha;

values:
/wiki/People_Magazine
mw-redirect
People Magazine

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Template:Dancing with the Stars (United States)

values: Template talk:Dancing with the Stars (United States)

values: List of Dancing with the Stars (U.S.) competitors

values:
/wiki/Shawn_Johnson
mw-redirect
Shawn Johnson

values:
/wiki/Kym_Johnson-Herjavec
mw-redirect
Kym Johnson-Herjavec

values:
/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars_Junior
mw-redirect
Dancing with the Stars Junior

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)

values: Category:2016 American television seasons

values: Category:Television season articles that use custom fields

values: Category:Infobox television season articles that use the season name parameter

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Anexo:Dancing with the Stars (Estados Unidos, temporada 22) – Spanish

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Dancing_with_the_Stars_U_S_season_22 rootpage-Dancing_with_the_Stars_U_S_season_22 vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Endoplasmic reticulum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Cell biology
The animal cell
Components of a typical animal cell:
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosome (little dots)
Vesicle
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus (or "Golgi body")
Cytoskeleton
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondrion
Vacuole
Cytosol (fluid that contains organelles, comprising the cytoplasm)
Lysosome
Centrosome
Cell membrane
Micrograph of rough endoplasmic reticulum network around the nucleus (shown in lower right-hand side of the picture). Dark small circles in the network are mitochondria.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae. The membranes of the ER are continuous with the outer nuclear membrane. The endoplasmic reticulum occurs in most types of eukaryotic cells, but is absent from red blood cells and spermatozoa. There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum: rough and smooth. The outer (cytosolic) face of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes that are the sites of protein synthesis. The rough endoplasmic reticulum is especially prominent in cells such as hepatocytes. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and functions in lipid manufacture and metabolism, the production of steroid hormones, and detoxification.[1] The smooth ER is especially abundant in mammalian liver and gonad cells. The lacy membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum were first seen in 1945 using electron microscopy.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Structure
2.1 Rough endoplasmic reticulum
2.2 Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
2.2.1 Sarcoplasmic reticulum
3 Functions
3.1 Protein transport
4 Clinical significance
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
The lacy membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum were first seen in 1945 by Keith R. Porter, Albert Claude, Brody Meskers and Ernest F. Fullam, using electron microscopy.[2] The word reticulum, which means "network", was applied to describe this fabric of membranes.
Structure[edit]
1 Nucleus 2 Nuclear pore 3 Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) 4 Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) 5 Ribosome on the rough ER 6 Proteins that are transported 7 Transport vesicle 8 Golgi apparatus 9 Cis face of the Golgi apparatus 10 Trans face of the Golgi apparatus 11 Cisternae of the Golgi apparatus
3D rendering of endoplasmic reticulum
The general structure of the endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes called cisternae. These sac-like structures are held together by the cytoskeleton. The phospholipid membrane encloses the cisternal space (or lumen), which is continuous with the perinuclear space but separate from the cytosol. The functions of the endoplasmic reticulum can be summarized as the synthesis and export of proteins and membrane lipids, but varies between ER and cell type and cell function. The quantity of both rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell can slowly interchange from one type to the other, depending on the changing metabolic activities of the cell. Transformation can include embedding of new proteins in membrane as well as structural changes. Changes in protein content may occur without noticeable structural changes.[3][4][citation needed]
Rough endoplasmic reticulum[edit]
An animation showing how a protein destined for the secretory pathway is synthesized into the rough endoplasmic reticulum (which appears at upper right in animation when approximately half of animation is done). The total animation time is about 2 minutes.
The surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (often abbreviated RER or Rough ER) (also called granular endoplasmic reticulum) is studded with protein-manufacturing ribosomes giving it a "rough" appearance (hence its name).[5] The binding site of the ribosome on the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the translocon.[6] However, the ribosomes are not a stable part of this organelle's structure as they are constantly being bound and released from the membrane. A ribosome only binds to the RER once a specific protein-nucleic acid complex forms in the cytosol. This special complex forms when a free ribosome begins translating the mRNA of a protein destined for the secretory pathway.[7] The first 5–30 amino acids polymerized encode a signal peptide, a molecular message that is recognized and bound by a signal recognition particle (SRP). Translation pauses and the ribosome complex binds to the RER translocon where translation continues with the nascent (new) protein forming into the RER lumen and/or membrane. The protein is processed in the ER lumen by an enzyme (a signal peptidase), which removes the signal peptide. Ribosomes at this point may be released back into the cytosol; however, non-translating ribosomes are also known to stay associated with translocons.[8]
The membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum forms large double membrane sheets that are located near, and continuous with, the outer layer of the nuclear envelope.[9] The double membrane sheets are stacked and connected through several right or left-handed helical ramps, the so-called Terasaki ramps, giving rise to a structure resembling a multi-storey car park.[10][11] Although there is no continuous membrane between the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, membrane-bound transport vesicles shuttle proteins between these two compartments.[12] Vesicles are surrounded by coating proteins called COPI and COPII. COPII targets vesicles to the Golgi apparatus and COPI marks them to be brought back to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The rough endoplasmic reticulum works in concert with the Golgi complex to target new proteins to their proper destinations. A second method of transport out of the endoplasmic reticulum involves areas called membrane contact sites, where the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and other organelles are held closely together, allowing the transfer of lipids and other small molecules.[13][14]
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is key in multiple functions:
Manufacture of lysosomal enzymes with a mannose-6-phosphate marker added in the cis-Golgi network.[citation needed]
Manufacture of secreted proteins, either secreted constitutively with no tag or secreted in a regulatory manner involving clathrin and paired basic amino acids in the signal peptide.
Integral membrane proteins that stay embedded in the membrane as vesicles exit and bind to new membranes. Rab proteins are key in targeting the membrane; SNAP and SNARE proteins are key in the fusion event.
Initial glycosylation as assembly continues. This is N-linked (O-linking occurs in the Golgi).
N-linked glycosylation: If the protein is properly folded, Oligosaccharyltransferase recognizes the AA sequence NXS or NXT (with the S/T residue phosphorylated) and adds a 14-sugar backbone (2-N-acetylglucosamine, 9-branching mannose, and 3-glucose at the end) to the side-chain nitrogen of Asn.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum[edit]
Electromicrograph showing smooth ER (arrow) in mouse tissue, at 110,510 x magnification.
In most cells the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (abbreviated SER) is scarce. Instead there are areas where the ER is partly smooth and partly rough, this area is called the transitional ER. The transitional ER gets its name because it contains ER exit sites. These are areas where the transport vesicles that contain lipids and proteins made in the ER, detach from the ER and start moving to the Golgi apparatus. Specialized cells can have a lot of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and in these cells the smooth ER has many functions.[15] It synthesizes lipids, phospholipids, and steroids. Cells which secrete these products, such as those in the testes, ovaries, and sebaceous glands have an abundance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum.[16] It also carries out the metabolism of carbohydrates, detoxification of natural metabolism products and of alcohol and drugs, attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins, and steroid metabolism.[17] In muscle cells, it regulates calcium ion concentration. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is found in a variety of cell types (both animal and plant), and it serves different functions in each. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum also contains the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, which converts glucose-6-phosphate to glucose, a step in gluconeogenesis. It is connected to the nuclear envelope and consists of tubules that are located near the cell periphery. These tubes sometimes branch forming a network that is reticular in appearance.[9] In some cells, there are dilated areas like the sacs of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum allows for an increased surface area to be devoted to the action or storage of key enzymes and the products of these enzymes.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum[edit]
Main article: Sarcoplasmic reticulum
See also: Calcium-induced calcium release
Skeletal muscle fiber, with sarcoplasmic reticulum colored in blue.
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), from the Greek σάρξ sarx ("flesh"), is smooth ER found in myocytes. The only structural difference between this organelle and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the medley of proteins they have, both bound to their membranes and drifting within the confines of their lumens. This fundamental difference is indicative of their functions: The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes molecules, while the sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium ions and pumps them out into the sarcoplasm when the muscle fiber is stimulated.[18][19] After their release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, calcium ions interact with contractile proteins that utilize ATP to shorten the muscle fiber. The sarcoplasmic reticulum plays a major role in excitation-contraction coupling.[20]
Functions[edit]
The endoplasmic reticulum serves many general functions, including the folding of protein molecules in sacs called cisternae and the transport of synthesized proteins in vesicles to the Golgi apparatus. Correct folding of newly made proteins is made possible by several endoplasmic reticulum chaperone proteins, including protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), ERp29, the Hsp70 family member BiP/Grp78, calnexin, calreticulin, and the peptidylpropyl isomerase family. Only properly folded proteins are transported from the rough ER to the Golgi apparatus – unfolded proteins cause an unfolded protein response as a stress response in the ER. Disturbances in redox regulation, calcium regulation, glucose deprivation, and viral infection[21] or the over-expression of proteins[22] can lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress response (ER stress), a state in which the folding of proteins slows, leading to an increase in unfolded proteins. This stress is emerging as a potential cause of damage in hypoxia/ischemia, insulin resistance, and other disorders.[23]
Protein transport[edit]
Secretory proteins, mostly glycoproteins, are moved across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Proteins that are transported by the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell are marked with an address tag called a signal sequence. The N-terminus (one end) of a polypeptide chain (i.e., a protein) contains a few amino acids that work as an address tag, which are removed when the polypeptide reaches its destination. Nascent peptides reach the ER via the translocon, a membrane-embedded multiprotein complex. Proteins that are destined for places outside the endoplasmic reticulum are packed into transport vesicles and moved along the cytoskeleton toward their destination. In human fibroblasts, the ER is always co-distributed with microtubules and the depolymerisation of the latter cause its co-aggregation with mitochondria, which are also associated with the ER.[24]
The endoplasmic reticulum is also part of a protein sorting pathway. It is, in essence, the transportation system of the eukaryotic cell. The majority of its resident proteins are retained within it through a retention motif. This motif is composed of four amino acids at the end of the protein sequence. The most common retention sequences are KDEL for lumen located proteins and KKXX for transmembrane protein.[25] However, variations of KDEL and KKXX do occur, and other sequences can also give rise to endoplasmic reticulum retention. It is not known whether such variation can lead to sub-ER localizations. There are three KDEL (1, 2 and 3) receptors in mammalian cells, and they have a very high degree of sequence identity. The functional differences between these receptors remain to be established.[26]
Clinical significance[edit]
Abnormalities in XBP1 lead to a heightened endoplasmic reticulum stress response and subsequently causes a higher susceptibility for inflammatory processes that may even contribute to Alzheimer's disease.[27] In the colon, XBP1 anomalies have been linked to the inflammatory bowel diseases including Crohn's disease.[28]
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response related to the endoplasmic reticulum.[29] The UPR is activated in response to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. The UPR functions to restore normal function of the cell by halting protein translation, degrading misfolded proteins, and activating the signaling pathways that lead to increasing the production of molecular chaperones involved in protein folding. Sustained overactivation of the UPR has been implicated in prion diseases as well as several other neurodegenerative diseases and the inhibition of the UPR could become a treatment for those diseases.[30]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough and Smooth)". Retrieved 21 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter KR, Claude A, Fullam EF (March 1945). "A study of tissue culture cells by electron microscopy". J Exp Med. 81 (3): 233–246. doi:10.1084/jem.81.3.233. PMC 2135493  . PMID 19871454.
Jump up ^ Alberts, Bruce; Johnson, Alexander; Lewis, Julian; Raff, Martin; Roberts, Keith; Walter, Peter (2002). Molecular biology of the cell (4th ed.). New York: Garland Science. ISBN 0-8153-3218-1.
Jump up ^ Cooper, Geoffrey M. (2000). The cell : a molecular approach (2nd ed.). Washington (DC): ASM Press. ISBN 0-87893-106-6.
Jump up ^ "reticulum". The Free Dictionary.
Jump up ^ Görlich D, Prehn S, Hartmann E, Kalies KU, Rapoport TA (Oct 1992). "A mammalian homolog of SEC61p and SECYp is associated with ribosomes and nascent polypeptides during translocation". Cell. 71 (3): 489–503. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90517-G. PMID 1423609.
Jump up ^ Lodish, Harvey; et al. (2003). Molecular Cell Biology (5th ed.). W. H. Freeman. pp. 659–666. ISBN 0-7167-4366-3.
Jump up ^ Seiser, R. M. (2000). "The Fate of Membrane-bound Ribosomes Following the Termination of Protein Synthesis". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (43): 33820–33827. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004462200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 10931837.
^ Jump up to: a b Shibata, Yoko; Voeltz, Gia K.; Rapoport, Tom A. (2006). "Rough Sheets and Smooth Tubules". Cell. 126 (3): 435–439. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.07.019. ISSN 0092-8674.
Jump up ^ Terasaki, Mark; Shemesh, Tom; Kasthuri, Narayanan; Klemm, Robin W.; Schalek, Richard; Hayworth, Kenneth J.; Hand, Arthur R.; Yankova, Maya; Huber, Greg; Lichtman, Jeff W.; Rapoport, Tom A.; Kozlov, Michael M. (2013). "Stacked Endoplasmic Reticulum Sheets Are Connected by Helicoidal Membrane Motifs". Cell. 154 (2): 285–296. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.06.031. PMC 3767119  . PMID 23870120.
Jump up ^ Guven, J; Huber, G; Valencia, DM (31 October 2014). "Terasaki spiral ramps in the rough endoplasmic reticulum". Physical review letters. 113 (18): 188101. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.188101. PMID 25396396.
Jump up ^ Endoplasmic reticulum. (n.d.). McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. Retrieved September 13, 2006, from Answers.com Web site: http://www.answers.com/topic/endoplasmic-reticulum
Jump up ^ Levine T (September 2004). "Short-range intracellular trafficking of small molecules across endoplasmic reticulum junctions". Trends Cell Biol. 14 (9): 483–90. doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2004.07.017. PMID 15350976.
Jump up ^ Levine T, Loewen C (August 2006). "Inter-organelle membrane contact sites: through a glass, darkly". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 18 (4): 371–8. doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2006.06.011. PMID 16806880.
Jump up ^ Alberts, Bruce; Johnson, Alexander; Lewis, Julian; Raff, Martin Peter Walter.; Roberts, Keith; Walter, Peter (2002). Molecular biology of the cell (4th ed.). New York: Garland Science. ISBN 0-8153-3218-1.
Jump up ^ "Functions of Smooth ER". University of Minnesota Duluth.
Jump up ^ Maxfield FR, Wüstner D (October 2002). "Intracellular cholesterol transport". J. Clin. Invest. 110 (7): 891–8. doi:10.1172/JCI16500. PMC 151159  . PMID 12370264.
Jump up ^ Toyoshima C, Nakasako M, Nomura H, Ogawa H (2000). "Crystal structure of the calcium pump of sarcoplasmic reticulum at 2.6 A resolution". Nature. 405 (6787): 647–55. doi:10.1038/35015017. PMID 10864315.
Jump up ^ Medical Cell Biology 3rd/ed. Academic Press. p. 69.
Jump up ^ Martini, Frederick; Nath, Judi; Bartholomew, Edwin (2014). Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology (10th ed.). ISBN 978-0321909077.
Jump up ^ Xu, C; et al. (2005). "Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Cell Life and Death Decisions". J. Clin. Invest. 115 (10): 2656–2664. doi:10.1172/JCI26373. PMC 1236697  . PMID 16200199.
Jump up ^ Kober L, Zehe C, Bode J (October 2012). "Development of a novel ER stress based selection system for the isolation of highly productive clones". Biotechnol. Bioeng. 109 (10): 2599–611. doi:10.1002/bit.24527. PMID 22510960.
Jump up ^ Ozcan, U.; Cao, Q; Yilmaz, E; Lee, AH; Iwakoshi, NN; Ozdelen, E; Tuncman, G; Görgün, C; Glimcher, LH; Hotamisligil, GS (2004). "Endoplasmic reticulum stress links obesity, insulin action, and type 2 diabetes". Science. 306 (5695): 457–461. doi:10.1126/science.1103160. PMID 15486293.
Jump up ^ Soltys, BJ; Gupta, RS. "Interrelationships of endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, intermediate filaments, and microtubules—a quadruple fluorescence labeling study". Biochem Cell Biol. 70 (10–11): 1174–86. doi:10.1139/o92-163. PMID 1363623.
Jump up ^ Mariano Stornaiuolo; Lavinia V. Lotti; Nica Borgese; Maria-Rosaria Torrisi; Giovanna Mottola; Gianluca Martire; Stefano Bonatti (March 2003). "KDEL and KKXX Retrieval Signals Appended to the Same Reporter Protein Determine Different Trafficking between Endoplasmic Reticulum, Intermediate Compartment, and Golgi Complex". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 14 (3): 889–902. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-08-0468. PMC 151567  . PMID 12631711.
Jump up ^ Raykhel, I; Alanen, H; Salo, K; Jurvansuu, J; Nguyen, VD; Latva-Ranta, M; Ruddock, L (2007). "A molecular specificity code for the three mammalian KDEL receptors". J. Cell Biol. 179 (6): 1193–204. doi:10.1083/jcb.200705180. PMC 2140024  . PMID 18086916.
Jump up ^ Casas-Tinto, S; Zhang, Y; Sanchez-Garcia, J; Gomez-Velazquez, M; Rincon-Limas, DE; Fernandez-Funez, P (25 March 2011). "The ER stress factor XBP1s prevents amyloid-{beta} neurotoxicity". Human Molecular Genetics. 20 (11): 2144–60. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddr100. PMC 3090193  . PMID 21389082.
Jump up ^ Kaser A, Lee AH, Franke A, Glickman JN, Zeissig S, Tilg H, Nieuwenhuis EE, Higgins DE, Schreiber S, Glimcher LH, Blumberg RS (September 2008). "XBP1 links ER stress to intestinal inflammation and confers genetic risk for human inflammatory bowel disease". Cell. 134 (5): 743–56. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.021. PMC 2586148  . PMID 18775308.
Jump up ^ Walter, Peter. "Peter Walter's short talk: Unfolding the UPR". iBiology.
Jump up ^ Moreno, J. A.; Halliday, M.; Molloy, C.; Radford, H.; Verity, N.; Axten, J. M.; Ortori, C. A.; Willis, A. E.; Fischer, P. M.; Barrett, D. A.; Mallucci, G. R. (2013). "Oral Treatment Targeting the Unfolded Protein Response Prevents Neurodegeneration and Clinical Disease in Prion-Infected Mice". Science Translational Medicine. 5 (206): 206ra138. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3006767. PMID 24107777.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Endoplasmic reticulum.
Lipid and protein composition of Endoplasmic reticulum in OPM database
Animations of the various cell functions referenced here
[hide]
v
t
e
Structures of the cell / organelles (TH H1.00.01.2-3)
Endomembrane system
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Parenthesome
Autophagosome
Vesicles
Exosome
Lysosome
Endosome
Phagosome
Vacuole
Acrosome
Cytoplasmic granules
Melanosome
Microbody
Glyoxysome
Peroxisome
Weibel–Palade body
Cytoskeleton
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubules
Prokaryotic cytoskeleton
MTOCs
Centrosome
Centriole
Basal body
Spindle pole body
Myofibril
Endosymbionts
Mitochondrion
Plastids
Chloroplast
Chromoplast
Gerontoplast
Leucoplast
Amyloplast
Elaioplast
Proteinoplast
Tannosome
Other internal
RNA
Ribosome
Spliceosome
Vault
Cytoplasm
Proteasome
External
Undulipodium
Cilium
Flagellum
Axoneme
Radial spoke
Extracellular matrix
Cell wall
Authority control
NDL: 00572072
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Endoplasmic_reticulum&oldid=816028849"
Categories:
Endoplasmic reticulum
Hidden categories:
Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikiquote
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Беларуская
Български
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gaelg
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
ಕನ್ನಡ
ქართული
Қазақша
Kreyòl ayisyen
Kurdî
Latina
Latviešu
Lëtzebuergesch
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Occitan
پنجابی
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
සිංහල
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 December 2017, at 20:03.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background: rgba(0,0,0,0.1); padding: 5px; width: 290px;

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Animal_cell
mw-redirect
Animal cell

values: text-align:center;font-weight:bold; font-size:125%; background-color: #0073CF; color: #FFF;

value: li

values:
/wiki/Rough_endoplasmic_reticulum
mw-redirect
Rough endoplasmic reticulum

values:
/wiki/Smooth_endoplasmic_reticulum
mw-redirect
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

values: text-align:left; padding: 10px; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.02);

values: width:22em;width: 300px; padding: 0; border-collapse:collapse; background:transparent;

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Protein_synthesis
mw-redirect
Protein synthesis

values:
/wiki/Electron_microscopy
mw-redirect
Electron microscopy

values:
/wiki/Vesicle_(biology)
mw-redirect
Vesicle (biology)

values:
/wiki/Phospholipid_membrane
mw-redirect
Phospholipid membrane

values:
/wiki/Perinuclear_space
mw-redirect
Perinuclear space

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2013)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Edit section: Rough endoplasmic reticulum

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Secretory_pathway
mw-redirect
Secretory pathway

values:
/wiki/Nuclear_envelope
mw-redirect
Nuclear envelope

values:
/wiki/Golgi_complex
mw-redirect
Golgi complex

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)

values:
/wiki/Integral_membrane_proteins
mw-redirect
Integral membrane proteins

values: Edit section: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

values:
/wiki/Steroid_metabolism
mw-redirect
Steroid metabolism

values:
/wiki/Excitation-contraction_coupling
mw-redirect
Excitation-contraction coupling

values:
/wiki/Protein_disulfide_isomerase
mw-redirect
Protein disulfide isomerase

values:
/wiki/Colon_(anatomy)
mw-redirect
Colon (anatomy)

values:
/wiki/Translation_(genetics)
mw-redirect
Translation (genetics)

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1084%2Fjem.81.3.233

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19871454

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1423609

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1074%2Fjbc.M004462200

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0021-9258

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10931837

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2006.07.019

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0092-8674

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2013.06.031

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23870120

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25396396

values: McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.tcb.2004.07.017

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15350976

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ceb.2006.06.011

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16806880

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1172%2FJCI16500

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12370264

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2F35015017

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10864315

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1172%2FJCI26373

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16200199

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1002%2Fbit.24527

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22510960

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1103160

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15486293

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1139%2Fo92-163

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1363623

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1091%2Fmbc.E02-08-0468

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12631711

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1083%2Fjcb.200705180

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18086916

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1093%2Fhmg%2Fddr100

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21389082

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2008.07.021

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18775308

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24107777

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
/wiki/OPM_database
mw-redirect
OPM database

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages

values: Category:Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2013

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Endoplasmic_reticulum
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: شبكة إندوبلازمية – Arabic

values: এন্ডোপ্লাজমিক রেটিকুলাম – Bangla

values: Эндаплазматычная сетка – Belarusian

values: Ендоплазмен ретикулум – Bulgarian

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: Ενδοπλασματικό δίκτυο – Greek

values: شبکه آندوپلاسمی – Persian

values: Էնդոպլազմային ցանց – Armenian

values: आंतरद्रव्यजालिका – Hindi

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frymisnet
Frymisnet – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values: רשתית תוך-פלזמית – Hebrew

values: ಎಂಡೊಪ್ಲಾಸ್ಮಿಕ್ ರೆಟಿಕ್ಯುಲಮ್ – Kannada

values: ენდოპლაზმური ბადე – Georgian

values: Эндоплазмалық тор – Kazakh

values: Endoplasmatescht Retikulum – Luxembourgish

values: Ендоплазматичен ретикулум – Macedonian

values: അന്തർദ്രവ്യജാലിക – Malayalam

values: Endoplasmatisk retikulum – Norwegian Nynorsk

values: عنڈوپلازمک ریٹیکولم – Western Punjabi

values: Эндоплазматический ретикулум – Russian

values: අන්තඃප්ලාස්මීය ජාලිකා – Sinhala

values: ناوە پلازمە تۆڕ – Central Kurdish

values: Ендоплазматични ретикулум – Serbian

values: Endoplazmatski retikulum – Serbo-Croatian

values: அகக்கலவுருச் சிறுவலை – Tamil

values: ร่างแหเอนโดพลาซึม – Thai

values: Ендоплазматичний ретикулум – Ukrainian

values: انڈوپلازمک ریٹکولم – Urdu

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Endoplasmic_reticulum rootpage-Endoplasmic_reticulum skin-vector action-view