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OpenOffice.org
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"OOo" redirects here. For other uses, see OOo (disambiguation).
For the descendant project currently hosted at the website www.openoffice.org, see Apache OpenOffice.
OpenOffice.org
OpenOffice.org 3 logo
The Start Center from OpenOffice.org v3.2.1
Original author(s)
StarOffice by Star Division (1985–1999)
Developer(s)
Sun Microsystems (1999–2009)
Oracle Corporation (2010–2011)
Initial release
1 May 2002; 16 years ago (2002-05-01)[1]
Last release
3.3 / 25 January 2011; 7 years ago (2011-01-25)
Preview release
3.4 Beta 1 / 12 April 2011; 7 years ago (2011-04-12)[2]
Written in
C++[3] and Java
Operating system
Linux, OS X, Microsoft Windows, Solaris[4][2]
Platform
IA-32, x86-64, PowerPC, SPARC[4]
Size
143.4 MB (3.3.0 en-US Windows .exe without JRE)[5]
Standard(s)
OpenDocument (ISO/IEC 26300)
Available in
121 languages[6]
Type
Office suite
License
Dual-licensed under the SISSL and GNU LGPL (OpenOffice.org 2 Beta 2 and earlier)[7]
GNU LGPL version 3 (OpenOffice.org 2 and later)[8]
Website
www.openoffice.org
See Archived 28 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
OpenOffice.org (OOo), commonly known as OpenOffice, is a discontinued open-source office suite. It was an open-sourced version of the earlier StarOffice, which Sun Microsystems acquired in 1999 for internal use.
OpenOffice included a word processor (Writer), a spreadsheet (Calc), a presentation application (Impress), a drawing application (Draw), a formula editor (Math), and a database management application (Base).[9] Its default file format was the OpenDocument Format (ODF), an ISO/IEC standard, which originated with OpenOffice.org. It could also read a wide variety of other file formats, with particular attention to those from Microsoft Office.
Sun open-sourced the OpenOffice in July 2000 as a competitor to Microsoft Office,[10][11] releasing version 1.0 on 1 May 2002.[1]
In 2011 Oracle Corporation, the then-owner of Sun, announced that it would no longer offer a commercial version of the suite[12] and soon after donated the project to the Apache Foundation.[13][14]
Apache renamed the software Apache OpenOffice.[15] Other active successor projects include LibreOffice (the most actively developed[16][17][18]) and NeoOffice (commercial, only for macOS).
OpenOffice.org was primarily developed for Linux, Microsoft Windows and Solaris, and later for OS X, with ports to other operating systems. It was distributed under the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 (LGPL); early versions were also available under the Sun Industry Standards Source License (SISSL).
Contents
1 History
1.1 Governance
1.2 Naming
2 Features
2.1 Components
2.2 Supported operating systems
2.3 Fonts
2.4 Extensions
2.5 OpenOffice Basic
2.6 Connectivity
3 File formats
4 Development
4.1 Native desktop integration
4.2 Use of Java
4.3 Security
4.4 Version history
4.4.1 OpenOffice.org 1
4.4.2 OpenOffice.org 2
4.4.3 OpenOffice.org 3
4.4.4 OpenOffice.org 3.4 Beta 1
5 Market share
5.1 Notable users
5.2 Retail
6 Forks and derivative software
6.1 Active
6.1.1 Apache OpenOffice
6.1.2 LibreOffice
6.1.3 NeoOffice
6.2 Discontinued
6.2.1 Go-oo
6.2.2 IBM Lotus Symphony
6.2.3 StarOffice
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
History[edit]
See also: History of StarOffice
OpenOffice.org originated as StarOffice, a proprietary office suite developed by German company Star Division from 1985 on. In August 1999, Star Division was acquired by Sun Microsystems[19][20] for US$59.5 million,[21] as it was supposedly cheaper than licensing Microsoft Office for 42,000 staff.[22]
On 19 July 2000 at OSCON, Sun Microsystems announced it would make the source code of StarOffice available for download with the intention of building an open-source development community around the software and of providing a free and open alternative to Microsoft Office.[10][11][23] The new project was known as OpenOffice.org,[24] and the code was released as open source on 13 October 2000.[25] The first public preview release was Milestone Build 638c, released in October 2001 (which quickly achieved 1 million downloads[19]); the final release of OpenOffice.org 1.0 was on 1 May 2002.[1]
OpenOffice.org became the standard office suite on Linux and spawned many derivative versions. It quickly became noteworthy competition to Microsoft Office,[26][27] achieving 14% penetration in the large enterprise market by 2004.[28]
The OpenOffice.org XML file format – XML in a ZIP archive, easily machine-processable – was intended by Sun to become a standard interchange format for office documents,[29] to replace the different binary formats for each application that had been usual until then. Sun submitted the format to the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) in 2002 and it was adapted to form the OpenDocument standard in 2005,[30] which was ratified as ISO 26300 in 2006.[31] It was made OpenOffice.org's native format from version 2 on. Many governments and other organisations adopted OpenDocument, particularly given there was a free implementation of it readily available.
Development of OpenOffice.org was sponsored primarily by Sun Microsystems, which used the code as the basis for subsequent versions of StarOffice. Developers who wished to contribute code were required to sign a Contributor Agreement[32][33] granting joint ownership of any contributions to Sun (and then Oracle), in support of the StarOffice business model.[34] This was controversial for many years.[23][35][36][37][38] An alternative Public Documentation Licence (PDL)[39] was also offered for documentation not intended for inclusion or integration into the project code base.[40]
After acquiring Sun in January 2010, Oracle Corporation continued developing OpenOffice.org and StarOffice, which it renamed Oracle Open Office,[41] though with a reduction in assigned developers.[42] Oracle's lack of activity on or visible commitment to OpenOffice.org had also been noted by industry observers.[43] In September 2010, the majority[44][45] of outside OpenOffice.org developers left the project,[46][47] due to concerns over Sun and then Oracle's management of the project[48][49][50] and Oracle's handling of its open source portfolio in general,[51][52] to form The Document Foundation (TDF). TDF released the fork LibreOffice in January 2011,[53] which most Linux distributions soon moved to.[54][55][56][57] In April 2011, Oracle stopped development of OpenOffice.org[12] and fired the remaining Star Division development team.[34][58] Its reasons for doing so were not disclosed; some speculate that it was due to the loss of mindshare with much of the community moving to LibreOffice[59] while others suggest it was a commercial decision.[34]
In June 2011, Oracle contributed the trademarks to the Apache Software Foundation.[60] It also contributed Oracle-owned code to Apache for relicensing under the Apache License,[61] at the suggestion of IBM (to whom Oracle had contractual obligations concerning the code),[23][62] as IBM did not want the code put under a copyleft license.[63] This code drop formed the basis for the Apache OpenOffice project.[64]
Governance[edit]
During Sun's sponsorship, the OpenOffice.org project was governed by the Community Council, comprising OpenOffice.org community members. The Community Council suggested project goals and coordinated with producers of derivatives on long-term development planning issues.[65][66][67]
Both Sun and Oracle are claimed to have made decisions without consulting the Council or in contravention to the council's recommendations,[68][69] leading to the majority of outside developers leaving for LibreOffice.[48] Oracle demanded in October 2010 that all Council members involved with the Document Foundation step down,[70] leaving the Community Council composed only of Oracle employees.[71]
Naming[edit]
The project and software were informally referred to as OpenOffice since the Sun release, but since this term is a trademark held by Open Office Automatisering in Benelux since 1999,[72][73] OpenOffice.org was its formal name.[74]
Due to a similar trademark issue (a Rio de Janeiro company that owned that trademark in Brazil), the Brazilian Portuguese version of the suite was distributed under the name BrOffice.org from 2004, with BrOffice.Org being the name of the associated local nonprofit from 2006.[75] (BrOffice.org moved to LibreOffice in December 2010.[76])
Features[edit]
OpenOffice.org 1.0 was launched under the following mission statement:[11]
“ The mission of OpenOffice.org is to create, as a community, the leading international office suite that will run on all major platforms and provide access to all functionality and data through open-component based APIs and an XML-based file format. ”
Components[edit]
Icon
Title
Description
Writer A word processor analogous to Microsoft Word or WordPerfect.
Calc A spreadsheet analogous to Microsoft Excel or Lotus 1-2-3.
Impress A presentation program analogous to Microsoft PowerPoint or Apple Keynote. Impress could export presentations to Adobe Flash (SWF) files, allowing them to be played on any computer with a Flash player installed. Presentation templates were available on the OpenOffice.org website.[77][78]
Draw A vector graphics editor comparable in features to the drawing functions in Microsoft Office.
Math A tool for creating and editing mathematical formulas, analogous to Microsoft Equation Editor. Formulas could be embedded inside other OpenOffice.org documents, such as those created by Writer.
Base A database management program analogous to Microsoft Access. Base could function as a front-end to a number of different database systems, including Access databases (JET), ODBC data sources, MySQL and PostgreSQL. Base became part of the suite starting with version 2.0. HSQL was the included database engine. From version 2.3, Base offered report generation via Pentaho.
The suite contained no personal information manager, email client or calendar application analogous to Microsoft Outlook, despite one having been present in StarOffice 5.2. Such functionality was frequently requested.[79] The OpenOffice.org Groupware project, intended to replace Outlook and Microsoft Exchange Server, spun off in 2003 as OpenGroupware.org,[80] which is now SOGo. The project considered bundling Mozilla Thunderbird and Mozilla Lightning for OpenOffice.org 3.0.[79]
Supported operating systems[edit]
The last version, 3.4 Beta 1, was available for IA-32 versions of Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 or later, Linux (IA-32 and x64), Solaris and OS X 10.4 or later, and the SPARC version of Solaris.[4][81]
The latest versions of OpenOffice.org on other operating systems were:[82]
IRIX (MIPS IV): v1.0.3[83]
Mac OS X v10.2: v1.1.2
Mac OS X v10.3: v2.1
Windows 95: v1.1.5
Windows NT 4.0 SP6: v2.0.1
Windows 98 and Windows ME: v2.4.3[84]
Fonts[edit]
OpenOffice.org included OpenSymbol, DejaVu,[85] the Liberation fonts (from 2.4) and the Gentium fonts (from 3.2).[86][87][88] Versions up to 2.3 included the Bitstream Vera fonts.[85][89] OpenOffice.org also used the default fonts of the running operating system.
Fontwork is a feature that allows users to create stylized text with special effects differing from ordinary text with the added features of gradient colour fills, shaping, letter height, and character spacing. It is similar to WordArt used by Microsoft Word. When OpenOffice.org saved documents in Microsoft Office file format, all Fontwork was converted into WordArt.[90][91]
Extensions[edit]
From version 2.0.4, OpenOffice.org supported third-party extensions.[92] As of April 2011, the OpenOffice Extension Repository listed more than 650 extensions.[93] Another list was maintained by the Free Software Foundation.[94][95]
OpenOffice Basic[edit]
Main article: OpenOffice Basic
OpenOffice.org included OpenOffice Basic, a programming language similar to Microsoft Visual Basic for Applications (VBA). OpenOffice Basic was available in Writer, Calc and Base.[96] OpenOffice.org also had some Microsoft VBA macro support.
Connectivity[edit]
OpenOffice.org could interact with databases (local or remote) using ODBC (Open Database Connectivity), JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) or SDBC (StarOffice Database Connectivity).[97]
File formats[edit]
From Version 2.0 onward, OpenOffice.org used ISO/IEC 26300:2006[98] OpenDocument as its native format. Versions 2.0–2.3.0 default to the ODF 1.0 file format; versions 2.3.1–2.4.3 default to ODF 1.1; versions 3.0 onward default to ODF 1.2.
OpenOffice.org 1 used OpenOffice.org XML as its native format. This was contributed to OASIS and OpenDocument was developed from it.[99]
OpenOffice.org also claimed support for the following formats:[100][101]
showFormat
Extension
Reading
Writing
Notes
OpenOffice.org XML SXW, STW, SXC, STC, SXI, STI, SXD, STD, SXM Yes Yes native up to 1.x
Microsoft Word for Windows 2 DOC, DOT Yes Yes
Microsoft Word 6.0/95 DOC, DOT Yes Yes
Microsoft Word 97–2003 DOC, DOT Yes Yes
Microsoft Word 2003 XML (WordprocessingML) XML Yes Yes
Microsoft Excel 4/5/95 XLS, XLW, XLT Yes Yes
Microsoft Excel 97–2003 XLS, XLW, XLT Yes Yes
DocBook XML Yes Yes since 1.1
WordPerfect WPD Yes
WordPerfect Suite 2000/Office 1.0 WPS Yes
StarOffice StarWriter 3/4/5 SDW, SGL, VOR Yes Yes
Ichitaro 8/9/10/11 JTD, JTT Yes
ApportisDoc (Palm) PDB Yes Yes Requires Java
Hangul WP 97 HWP Yes
Microsoft Pocket Word PSW Yes Yes Requires Java
Microsoft Pocket Excel PXL Yes Yes Requires Java
Microsoft RTF RTF Yes Yes "you are likely to experience loss of formatting and images"[101]
Plain text TXT Yes Yes various encodings supported
Portable Document Format PDF Yes Yes Export from 1.1;[102] PDF/A-1a (ISO 19005-1) export from 2.4;[89][103] some readable in Impress
Comma-separated values CSV, TXT Yes Yes
Microsoft Excel 2003 XML XML Yes Yes
Lotus 1-2-3 WK1, WKS, 123 Yes
Data Interchange Format DIF Yes Yes
StarOffice StarCalc 3/4/5 SDC, VOR Yes Yes
dBase DBF Yes Yes
SYLK SLK Yes Yes
HTML HTML, HTM Yes Yes
Quattro Pro 6.0 WB2 Yes
Microsoft PowerPoint 97–2003 PPT, PPS, POT Yes Yes
StarOffice StarDraw/StarImpress SDA, SDD, SDP, VOR Yes Yes
Computer Graphics Metafile CGM Yes Binary-encoded only; not those using clear-text or character based encoding
StarOffice StarMath SXM Yes Yes
MathML MML Yes
BMP file format BMP Yes Yes
JPEG JPG, JPEG Yes Yes
PCX PCX Yes
PhotoShop PSD Yes
SGV SGV Yes
Windows Metafile WMF Yes Yes
AutoCAD DXF DXF Yes
MET MET Yes Yes
Netpbm format PGM, PBM, PPM Yes Yes
SunOS Raster RAS Yes Yes
SVM SVM Yes Yes
X BitMap XBM Yes
Enhanced Metafile EMF Yes Yes
HPGL plotting file PLT Yes
SDA SDA Yes
Truevision TGA (Targa) TGA Yes
X PixMap XPM Yes Yes
Encapsulated PostScript EPS Yes Yes
PCD PCD Yes
Portable Network Graphic PNG Yes Yes
SDD SDD Yes
Tagged Image File Format TIF, TIFF Yes Yes
Graphics Interchange Format GIF Yes Yes
PCT PCT Yes Yes
SGF SGF Yes
Adobe Flash SWF Yes Export from Impress
Scalable Vector Graphics SVG Yes Export from Draw
Software602 (T602) 602, TXT Yes
Uniform Office Format UOF, UOT, UOS, UOP Yes Yes since 3.0
Microsoft Office 2007 Office Open XML DOCX, XLSX, PPTX Yes read since 3.0;[104] writing only in derivatives descended via go-oo
Development[edit]
OpenOffice.org converted all external formats to and from an internal XML representation.
The OpenOffice.org API was based on a component technology known as Universal Network Objects (UNO). It consisted of a wide range of interfaces defined in a CORBA-like interface description language.
Native desktop integration[edit]
OpenOffice.org 1.0 was criticized for not having the look and feel of applications developed natively for the platforms on which it runs. Starting with version 2.0, OpenOffice.org used native widget toolkit, icons, and font-rendering libraries on GNOME, KDE and Windows.[105][106][107]
The issue had been particularly pronounced on Mac OS X. Early versions of OpenOffice.org required the installation of X11.app or XDarwin (though the NeoOffice port supplied a native interface). Versions since 3.0 ran natively using Apple's Aqua GUI.[108]
Use of Java[edit]
Although originally written in C++, OpenOffice.org became increasingly reliant on the Java Runtime Environment, even including a bundled JVM.[109] OpenOffice.org was criticized by the Free Software Foundation for its increasing dependency on Java, which was not free software.[110]
The issue came to the fore in May 2005, when Richard Stallman appeared to call for a fork of the application in a posting on the Free Software Foundation website.[110] OpenOffice.org adopted a development guideline that future versions of OpenOffice.org would run on free implementations of Java and fixed the issues which previously prevented OpenOffice.org 2.0 from using free-software Java implementations.[111]
On 13 November 2006, Sun committed to releasing Java under the GNU General Public License[112] and had released a free software Java, OpenJDK, by May 2007.
Security[edit]
In 2006, Lt. Col. Eric Filiol of the Laboratoire de Virologie et de Cryptologie de l'ESAT demonstrated security weaknesses, in particular within macros.[113][114][115] In 2006, Kaspersky Lab demonstrated a proof of concept virus, "Stardust", for OpenOffice.org.[116] This showed OpenOffice.org viruses are possible, but there is no known virus "in the wild".
As of October 2011, Secunia reported no known unpatched security flaws for the software.[117] A vulnerability in the inherited OpenOffice.org codebase was found and fixed in LibreOffice in October 2011[118] and Apache OpenOffice in May 2012.[119]
Version history[edit]
OpenOffice.org release history
Version
Release date
Description
Build 638c 2001-10[19] The first public milestone release.
1.0 2002-05-01[1] First official release.
1.0.3.1 2003-04[19] Last version officially supporting Windows 95.
1.1 2003-09-02[120] Export to PDF, export to Flash, extension mechanism.[102]
1.1.1 2004-03-29[121] Bundled with TheOpenCD.[122]
1.1.4 2004-12-22[120] Last version released under SISSL.
1.1.5 2005-09-09[120] Last release for 1.x product line. Can edit OpenDocument files.
Last version to officially support Windows NT 4.0.
2.0 2005-10-20[123] Milestone, with major enhancements and default saving in the OpenDocument format.
2.1.0 2006-12-12[120] Minor enhancements, bug fixes.[124]
2.2.0 2007-03-29[120] Minor enhancements, bug fixes,[125] security fixes.[126]
2.3.0 2007-09-17[120] Updated charting component, minor enhancements,[127] improved extension manager.[128]
2.4.0 2008-03-27[120] Bug fixes and new features,[89][129] enhancements from RedOffice.[130]
2.4.3 2009-09-04[120] Last version for Windows 98 and Windows ME[84]
3.0.0 2008-10-13[120] Milestone: ODF 1.2, OOXML import, improved VBA, native OS X interface, Start Center.[131]
3.1.0 2009-05-07[120] Overlining and transparent dragging.
3.2 2010-02-11[132] New features,[133] and performance enhancements.[134]
3.2.1 2010-06-04[120] Updated Oracle Start Center and OpenDocument format icons, bug fixes. First Oracle stable release.[135]
3.3 2011-01-26[120] New spreadsheet functions and parameters. Last Oracle stable release, and the last stable release to support Windows 2000 and Mac OS X on PowerPC.
3.4 Beta 1 2011-04-12[4] Last Oracle code release, and the last release to support Windows 2000 and Mac OS X on PowerPC.
OpenOffice.org 1[edit]
OpenOffice.org 1.1 logo
The preview, Milestone 638c, was released October 2001.[19] OpenOffice.org 1.0 was released under both the LGPL and the SISSL[23] for Windows, Linux and Solaris[136] on 1 May 2002.[1][137] The version for Mac OS X (with X11 interface) was released on 23 June 2003.[138][139]
OpenOffice.org 1.1 introduced One-click Export to PDF and Export presentations to Flash (.SWF). It also allowed third-party addons.[102]
OpenOffice.org was used in 2005 by The Guardian to illustrate what it saw as the limitations of open-source software.[140]
OpenOffice.org 2[edit]
Work on version 2.0 began in early 2003 with the following goals (the "Q Product Concept"): better interoperability with Microsoft Office; improved speed and lower memory usage; greater scripting capabilities; better integration, particularly with GNOME; a more usable database; digital signatures; and improved usability.[141] It would also be the first version to default to OpenDocument. Sun released the first beta version on 4 March 2005.[142]
On 2 September 2005, Sun announced that it was retiring SISSL to reduce license proliferation,[143] though some press analysts felt it was so that IBM could not reuse OpenOffice.org code without contributing back.[23] Versions after 2.0 beta 2 would use only the LGPL.[7]
On 20 October 2005, OpenOffice.org 2.0 was released.[123] 2.0.1 was released eight weeks later, fixing minor bugs and introducing new features. As of the 2.0.3 release, OpenOffice.org changed its release cycle from 18 months to releasing updates every three months.[144]
The OpenOffice.org 2 series attracted considerable press attention.[145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152] A PC Pro review awarded it 6 stars out of 6 and stated: "Our pick of the low-cost office suites has had a much-needed overhaul, and now battles Microsoft in terms of features, not just price."[153] Federal Computer Week listed OpenOffice.org as one of the "5 stars of open-source products",[154] noting in particular the importance of OpenDocument. ComputerWorld reported that for large government departments, migration to OpenOffice.org 2.0 cost one tenth of the price of upgrading to Microsoft Office 2007.[155]
OpenOffice.org 3[edit]
The Sun Start Center for versions between 3.0 and 3.2.0
On 13 October 2008, version 3.0 was released, featuring the ability to import (though not export) Office Open XML documents, support for ODF 1.2, improved VBA macros, and a native interface port for OS X. It also introduced the new Start Center[131] and upgraded to LGPL version 3 as its license.[156]
Version 3.2 included support for PostScript-based OpenType fonts. It warned users when ODF 1.2 Extended features had been used. An improvement to the document integrity check determined if an ODF document conformed to the ODF specification and offered a repair if necessary. Calc and Writer both reduced "cold start" time by 46% compared to version 3.0.[157] 3.2.1 was the first Oracle release.[135]
Version 3.3, the last Oracle version, was released in January 2011.[158] New features include an updated print form, a FindBar and interface improvements for Impress.[159][160] The commercial version, Oracle Open Office 3.3 (StarOffice renamed), based on the beta, was released on 15 December 2010, as was the single release of Oracle Cloud Office (a proprietary product from an unrelated codebase).[41][161]
OpenOffice.org 3.4 Beta 1[edit]
A beta version of OpenOffice.org 3.4 was released on 12 April 2011, including new SVG import, improved ODF 1.2 support, and spreadsheet functionality.[4][2][162]
Before the final version of OpenOffice.org 3.4 could be released, Oracle cancelled its sponsorship of development[12] and fired the remaining Star Division development team.[34][58]
Market share[edit]
Problems arise in estimating the market share of OpenOffice.org because it could be freely distributed via download sites (including mirror sites), peer-to-peer networks, CDs, Linux distributions and so forth. The project tried to capture key adoption data in a market-share analysis,[163] listing known distribution totals, known deployments and conversions and analyst statements and surveys.
According to Valve Corporation, as of July 2010, 14.63% of Steam users had OpenOffice.org installed on their machines.[164]
A market-share analysis conducted by a web analytics service in 2010, based on over 200,000 Internet users, showed a wide range of adoption in different countries:[165] 0.2% in China, 9% in the US and the UK and over 20% in Poland, the Czech Republic, and Germany.
Although Microsoft Office retained 95% of the general market — as measured by revenue — as of August 2007,[166] OpenOffice.org and StarOffice had secured 15–20% of the business market as of 2004[167][168] and a 2010 University of Colorado at Boulder study reported that OpenOffice.org had reached a point where it had an "irreversible" installed user base and that it would continue to grow.[169]
The project claimed more than 98 million downloads as of September 2007[170] and 300 million total to the release of version 3.2 in February 2010.[171] The project claimed over one hundred million downloads for the OpenOffice.org 3 series within a year of release.[172]
Notable users[edit]
See also: OpenDocument adoption
Large-scale users of OpenOffice.org included Singapore's Ministry of Defence,[173] and Banco do Brasil.[174] As of 2006[update] OpenOffice.org was the official office suite for the French Gendarmerie.[163]
In India, several government organizations such as ESIC, IIT Bombay, National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development, the Supreme Court of India, ICICI Bank,[175] and the Allahabad High Court,[176] which use Linux, completely relied on OpenOffice.org for their administration.
In Japan, conversions from Microsoft Office to OpenOffice.org included many municipal offices: Sumoto, Hyōgo in 2004,[177] Ninomiya, Tochigi in 2006,[178][179] Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima in 2008[180] (and to LibreOffice as of 2012[181]), Shikokuchūō, Ehime in 2009,[182] Minoh, Osaka in 2009[183] Toyokawa, Aichi,[184] Fukagawa, Hokkaido[185] and Katano, Osaka[186] in 2010 and Ryūgasaki, Ibaraki in 2011.[187] Corporate conversions included Assist in 2007[188] (and to LibreOffice on Ubuntu in 2011[189]), Sumitomo Electric Industries in 2008[190] (and to LibreOffice in 2012[191]), Toho Co., Ltd. in 2009[192][193] and Shinsei Financial Co., Ltd. in 2010.[194] Assist also provided support services for OpenOffice.org.[192][194]
Retail[edit]
In July 2007, Everex, a division of First International Computer and the 9th-largest PC supplier in the U.S., began shipping systems preloaded with OpenOffice.org 2.2 into Wal-Mart, K-mart and Sam's Club outlets in North America.[195]
Forks and derivative software[edit]
A number of open source and proprietary products derive at least some code from OpenOffice.org, including AndrOpen Office,[196] Apache OpenOffice, ChinaOffice, Co-Create Office, EuroOffice 2005,[197] Go-oo, KaiOffice, IBM Lotus Symphony, IBM Workplace, Jambo OpenOffice (the first office suite in Swahili),[198][199][200] LibreOffice, MagyarOffice, MultiMedia Office, MYOffice 2007, NeoOffice, NextOffice, OfficeOne, OfficeTLE, OOo4Kids,[201] OpenOfficePL, OpenOffice.org Portable,[202] OpenOfficeT7, OpenOffice.ux.pl, OxOffice,[203] OxygenOffice Professional,[204][205] Pladao Office,[206] PlusOffice Mac,[207] RedOffice,[37][130][208] RomanianOffice, StarOffice/Oracle Open Office, SunShine Office, ThizOffice, UP Office, White Label Office,[209][210][211][212] WPS Office Storm (the 2004 edition of Kingsoft Office) and 602Office.[213]
The OpenOffice.org website also listed a large variety of complementary products, including groupware systems.[214]
A timeline of major derivatives of StarOffice and OpenOffice.org
StarOffice
OpenOffice.org
Go-oo
IBM Workplace/IBM Lotus Symphony
NeoOffice
LibreOffice
Apache OpenOffice
Major derivatives include:
Active[edit]
Apache OpenOffice[edit]
Main article: Apache OpenOffice
In June 2011, Oracle contributed the OpenOffice.org code and trademarks to the Apache Software Foundation. The developer pool for the Apache project was proposed to be seeded by IBM employees, Linux distribution companies and public sector agencies.[215] IBM employees continue to do the majority of the development,[216][217][218][219][220] including hiring ex-Star Division developers.[218] The Apache project removed or replaced as much code as possible from OpenOffice.org 3.4 beta 1, including fonts, under licenses unacceptable to Apache[221] and released 3.4.0 in May 2012.[119]
The codebase for IBM's Lotus Symphony was donated to the Apache Software Foundation in 2012 and merged for Apache OpenOffice 4.0,[222] and Symphony was deprecated in favour of Apache OpenOffice.[219]
While the project considers itself the unbroken continuation of OpenOffice.org,[223] others regard it as a fork,[23][216][217][224][225][226][227] or at the least a separate project.[228]
In October 2014, Bruce Byfield, writing for Linux Magazine, said the project had "all but stalled [possibly] due to IBM's withdrawal from the project."[229] As of 2015[update], the project has no release manager,[230] and itself reports a lack of volunteer involvement and code contributions.[231] After ongoing problems with unfixed security vulnerabilities through 2015 and 2016,[232] in September 2016 the project started discussions on possibly retiring AOO.[233]
LibreOffice[edit]
Main article: LibreOffice
Sun had stated in the original OpenOffice.org announcement in 2000 that the project would be run by a neutral foundation,[10] and put forward a more detailed proposal in 2001.[234] There were many calls to put this into effect over the ensuing years.[36][235][236][237] On 28 September 2010, in frustration at years of perceived neglect of the codebase and community by Sun and then Oracle,[69] members of the OpenOffice.org community announced a non-profit called The Document Foundation and a fork of OpenOffice.org named LibreOffice. Go-oo improvements were merged, and that project was retired in favour of LibreOffice.[238] The goal was to produce a vendor-independent office suite with ODF support and without any copyright assignment requirements.[239]
Oracle was invited to become a member of the Document Foundation and was asked to donate the OpenOffice.org brand.[239][240] Oracle instead demanded that all members of the OpenOffice.org Community Council involved with the Document Foundation step down,[70] leaving the Council composed only of Oracle employees.[71]
Most Linux distributions promptly replaced OpenOffice.org with LibreOffice;[54][55][56][57] Oracle Linux 6 also features LibreOffice rather than OpenOffice.org or Apache OpenOffice.[241][242][243] The project rapidly accumulated developers, development effort[244][245][246] and added features,[247] the majority of outside OpenOffice.org developers having moved to LibreOffice.[44][45][48] In March 2015, an LWN.net development comparison of LibreOffice with Apache OpenOffice concluded that "LibreOffice has won the battle for developer participation".[248]
NeoOffice[edit]
Main article: NeoOffice
NeoOffice, an independent commercial port for Macintosh that tracked the main line of development, offered a native OS X Aqua user interface before OpenOffice.org did.[249] Later versions are derived from Go-oo, rather than directly from OpenOffice.org.[250] All versions from NeoOffice 3.1.1 to NeoOffice 2015 were based on OpenOffice.org 3.1.1, though latter versions included stability fixes from LibreOffice and Apache OpenOffice.[251] NeoOffice 2017 and later versions are fully based on LibreOffice.[252]
Discontinued[edit]
Go-oo[edit]
Main article: Go-oo
The ooo-build patch set was started at Ximian in 2002, because Sun were slow to accept outside work on OpenOffice.org, even from corporate partners, and to make the build process easier on Linux. It tracked the main line of development and was not intended to constitute a fork.[253] Most Linux distributions used,[254] and worked together on,[255] ooo-build.
Sun's contributions to OpenOffice.org had been declining for a number of years[235] and some developers were unwilling to assign copyright in their work to Sun,[38] particularly given the deal between Sun and IBM to license the code outside the LGPL.[34] On 2 October 2007, Novell announced that ooo-build would be available as a software package called Go-oo, not merely a patch set.[256] (The go-oo.org domain name had been in use by ooo-build as early as 2005.[257]) Sun reacted negatively, with Simon Phipps of Sun terming it "a hostile and competitive fork".[36][258] Many free software advocates worried that Go-oo was a Novell effort to incorporate Microsoft technologies, such as Office Open XML, that might be vulnerable to patent claims.[259] However, the office suite branded "OpenOffice.org" in most Linux distributions, having previously been ooo-build, soon in fact became Go-oo.[250][260][261]
Go-oo also encouraged outside contributions, with rules similar to those later adopted for LibreOffice.[262] When LibreOffice forked, Go-oo was deprecated in favour of that project.
OpenOffice Novell edition was a supported version of Go-oo.[263]
IBM Lotus Symphony[edit]
Main article: IBM Lotus Symphony
The Workplace Managed Client in IBM Workplace 2.6 (23 January 2006[264]) incorporated code from OpenOffice.org 1.1.4,[23] the last version under the SISSL. This code was broken out into a separate application as Lotus Symphony (30 May 2008[265]), with a new interface based on Eclipse. Symphony 3.0 (21 October 2010[266]) was rebased on OpenOffice.org 3.0, with the code licensed privately from Sun. IBM's changes were donated to the Apache Software Foundation in 2012, Symphony was deprecated in favour of Apache OpenOffice[219] and its code was merged into Apache OpenOffice 4.0.[222]
StarOffice[edit]
Main article: StarOffice
Sun used OpenOffice.org as a base for its commercial proprietary StarOffice application software, which was OpenOffice.org with some added proprietary components. Oracle bought Sun in January 2010 and quickly renamed StarOffice as Oracle Open Office.[267] Oracle discontinued development in April 2011.[12]
Free software portal
Java (programming language) portal
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Jump up ^ "「全事務職員がLinuxデスクトップを使用している町役場」は実在する" ["All Town Hall administrative staff using the Linux desktop" is real]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 10 May 2006. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
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Jump up ^ "会津若松市がOpenOffice.orgを全庁導入へ「順次MS Offce から切り替え，5年間で約1500万円削減」" [Aizuwakamatsu City switches all agencies to OpenOffice.org: "switching from MS Office sequentially, saving about 15 million yen in five years"]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 29 May 2008. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "会津若松市がOpenOffice.orgからLibreOfficeに移行" [Aizuwakamatsu transitions to LibreOffice from OpenOffice.org]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 20 February 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "四国中央市がOpenOffice.orgを全庁PC1100台に導入，5年で3300万円コスト削減" [Shikokuchūō puts OpenOffice.org onto 1100 PCs, 33 million yen cost savings in five years]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 31 March 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "～脱MS！無償「 Linux 」シンクライアントにより中古パソコン500台を再生利用へ～" [De-MS! 500 used computers to be reclaimed free of charge by the "Linux" thin client] (in Japanese). City of Minoh. 14 October 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
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Jump up ^ "大阪府交野市がOpenOffice.orgとODF採用、中古PCのLinuxによる再生も" [Katano, Osaka City adopts ODF and OpenOffice.org, also trialling Linux pre-owned PCs]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 16 August 2010. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "龍ケ崎市、全庁標準オフィス・ソフトとしてOpenOffice.orgを利用" [Ryugasaki uses OpenOffice.org as standard office software for all PCs] (in Japanese). CNet Japan. 11 June 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "アシストが社内通常業務をMicrosoft OfficeからOpenOffice.orgへ全面移行" [Assist's full conversion to OpenOffice.org from Microsoft Office for the normal course of business]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 15 March 2007. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "アシストが社内のPC約800台をWindowsからUbuntu Linuxに移行へ" [Assist to migrate about 800 in-house PCs to Ubuntu Linux from Windows]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 20 July 2011. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "「コスト削減が狙いではない」、住友電工OpenOffice導入の真相" ["Cost reduction is not the aim": the facts on Sumitomo Electric's OpenOffice introduction]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 23 May 2008. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "オープンソース･ソフトウェアの社内推奨オフィスソフトをOpenOffice.orgからLibreOfficeに移行" [The transition from OpenOffice.org to LibreOffice — company-recommended open source office software]. press release (in Japanese). Sumitomo Electric Industries. 28 March 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "トーホー，OpenOffice.orgの導入を決定，アシストの支援サービスを採用" [Toho decides to adopt OpenOffice.org, uses the support services of Assist] (in Japanese). Gihyo.jp. 27 January 2009. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
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^ Jump up to: a b "新生フィナンシャルがOpenOffice.orgを全社標準に、対象は1000台以上" [Company-wide standard OpenOffice.org on more than 1000 PCs at Shinsei Financial]. ITpro (in Japanese). Nikkei Business Publications. 26 March 2012. Retrieved 24 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Everex intros $298 green PC with OpenOffice". Electronista. 18 July 2007. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ Rosenblatt, Seth (24 November 2007). "Oxygen breathes more life into OpenOffice". Download.com. CNET. Retrieved 20 November 2007.
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Jump up ^ Photpipat, Nusorn (21 March 2003). Pladao Office (PDF). OpenOffice.org Conference 2003. Hamburg: Sun Microsystems. Retrieved 16 October 2013.
Jump up ^ Cohen, Peter (12 December 2008). "PlusOffice to build on OpenOffice.org". MacWorld. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
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Jump up ^ Noyes, Katherine (13 October 2011). "Facing Closure, OpenOffice.org Makes a Plea for Survival". PCWorld. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
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^ Jump up to: a b Oliver, Andrew (26 August 2013). "In defense of Apache". InfoWorld. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Hillesley, Richard (4 April 2012). "Apache OpenOffice: who knows where the time goes?". LinuxUser. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (28 October 2012). "Does OpenOffice have a future?". ZDNet Linux and Open Source. ZDNet. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Brill, Ed (5 February 2012). "More on the Lotus Symphony and desktop productivity roadmap". Ed Brill. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Phipps, Simon (9 May 2012). "Open Source Suites Highly Active". Simon Says. Computerworld UK. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "ASF Legal Previously Asked Questions". Apache Software Foundation. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Weir, Rob (21 January 2013). "Merging Lotus Symphony: Allegro moderato". Apache Software Foundation. Retrieved 23 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "About Apache OpenOffice". Archived from the original on 25 August 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.
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Jump up ^ Byfield, Bruce (30 September 2014). "LibreOffice, OpenOffice, and rumors of unification". Linux Pro Magazine. Linux New Media.
Jump up ^ Retirement announcement, October 2014; note of position still being unfilled, March 2015
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^ Jump up to: a b Meeks, Michael (10 October 2008). "Measuring the true success of OpenOffice.org". Stuff Michael Meeks is doing. People.gnome.org. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ Edge, Jake (28 September 2010). "Michael Meeks talks about LibreOffice and the Document Foundation". Linux Weekly News.
^ Jump up to: a b "OpenOffice.org Community announces The Document Foundation". The Document Foundation. 28 September 2010. Archived from the original on 30 September 2010. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Kirk, Jeremy (28 September 2010). "OpenOffice.org developers move to break ties with Oracle". Computerworld. Retrieved 28 September 2010.
Jump up ^ Hillesley, Richard (2 October 2012). "Open-source development: The history of OpenOffice shows why licensing matters". TechRepublic. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ironie: Oracle liefert nun LibreOffice aus" [Irony: Oracle now provides LibreOffice]. derStandard.at (in German). 22 July 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Oracle Linux 6.3 Release Notes". Oracle Corporation. June 2012. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
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Jump up ^ Adorno, Kerry (28 September 2010). "Viva la LibreOffice!". Novell News. Novell. Archived from the original on 15 April 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2010. Novell, Google, Red Hat, Canonical, and others are pleased to work with The Document Foundation to help make LibreOffice the best office productivity suite on the market.
Jump up ^ "Canonical unterstützt LibreOffice" [Canonical supports LibreOffice]. Heise Open Source (in German). Heinz Heise. 22 February 2011. Retrieved 21 June 2013. Das Unternehmen hinter Ubuntu bezahlt mit Björn Michaelsen einen Entwickler, der vollzeit an der freien Bürosuite arbeiten soll. [The company behind Ubuntu pays a developer, Björn Michaelsen, to work full-time on the free office suite.]
Jump up ^ Linton, Susan (26 April 2012). "Apache OpenOffice Lagging Behind LibreOffice in Features". Ostatic. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Jonathan Corbet (15 March 2015). "Development activity in LibreOffice and OpenOffice". LWN.net. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Download Go-OO!: Other derivatives". Go-oo.org. Archived from the original on 3 August 2010. Retrieved 16 October 2013.
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Jump up ^ "About ooo-build". Ximian. 18 October 2003. Archived from the original on 10 April 2006. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ Meeks, Michael (21–24 July 2004). "The World of OpenOffice" (PDF). In Lockhart, John W. Proceedings of the Linux Symposium. Linux Symposium 2004. 2. Ottawa, Ontario. pp. 361–366. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "2007-10-02: Tuesday". Stuff Michael Meeks is doing. People.gnome.org. 2 October 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
Jump up ^ Meeks, Michael (28 January 2005). "ooo-build 1.3.8 Announced". LWN.net. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
Jump up ^ Schestowitz, Roy (10 December 2008). "Microsoft/Novell Fork OpenOffice.org and Insult Sun, Warn Your Distributor Now". TechRights. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ "Bug #151829 in openoffice.org (Ubuntu): "Include go-oo in Ubuntu"". Launchpad.net. Canonical Ltd. Retrieved 28 January 2009.
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Jump up ^ Ziem, Andrew (31 January 2008). "odf-converter 1.1 released". OpenOffice.org Ninja. Retrieved 21 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "IBM Announces New Version of Workplace Products With Enhanced Support for Open Standards and Improved SOA Functionality". IBM. 23 January 2006. Retrieved 22 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Buzzmaster1 (30 May 2008). "Announcing ----- IBM Lotus Symphony Version 1.0 is NOW AVAILABLE". Lotus Symphony Buzz. IBM. Retrieved 22 September 2013.
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Jump up ^ "Oracle Open Office: Features Overview: An Oracle White Paper" (PDF). Oracle Corporation. January 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2013.
Further reading[edit]
OOo AuthorsTeam. Getting Started with Open Office.org 3.0. p. 436. ISBN 978-1-921320-05-7.
Tamar E. Granor; Scott Carr; Sam Hiser. OOoSwitch: 501 Things You Want to Know About Switching To OpenOffice.org from Microsoft Office. p. 311. ISBN 1-930919-36-0.
Andrew Pitonyak. OpenOffice.org Macros Explained. p. 334. ISBN 1-930919-51-4.
Gabriel Gurley. A Conceptual Guide to OpenOffice.org 3. ISBN 978-0-9778991-6-6.
Jacek Artymiak. OpenOffice.org Calc Functions & Formulas Tips, 1st ed. p. 145. ISBN 978-83-60869-23-9.
Malaysian Administrative Modernisation & Management Planning Unit. OpenOffice.org Migration Plan For The Public Sector (ODF). Cyberjaya Selangor, Malaysia: Malaysian Public Sector Open Source Competency Centre (OSCC). p. 6.
Malaysian Administrative Modernisation & Management Planning Unit. OpenOffice.org Implementation in Public Sector (ODF). Cyberjaya Selangor, Malaysia: Malaysian Public Sector Open Source Competency Centre (OSCC). p. 3.
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