text:
Ryder Cup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Ryder Cup
Tournament information
Location
2018: Guyancourt,
Île-de-France, France
Established
1927
Course(s)
2018: Le Golf National, Albatros Course
Par
2018: 71
Length
2018: 7,331 yd (6,703 m)
Tour(s)
PGA Tour, European Tour
Format
Match play
Prize fund
None
Month played
Late September/ Early October
Current champion
Europe
2018 Ryder Cup
The Ryder Cup is a biennial men's golf competition between teams from Europe and the United States. The competition is contested every two years with the venue alternating between courses in the United States and Europe. The Ryder Cup is named after the English businessman Samuel Ryder who donated the trophy. The event is jointly administered by the PGA of America and Ryder Cup Europe, the latter a joint venture of the PGA European Tour (60%), the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland (20%), and the PGAs of Europe (20%).[1][2]
Originally contested between Great Britain and the United States, the first official Ryder Cup took place in the United States in 1927 at Worcester Country Club in Worcester, Massachusetts. The home team won the first five contests, but with the competition's resumption after the Second World War, repeated American dominance eventually led to a decision to extend the representation of "Great Britain and Ireland" to include continental Europe from 1979. The inclusion of continental European golfers was partly prompted by the success of a new generation of Spanish golfers, led by Seve Ballesteros and Antonio Garrido. In 1973 the official title of the British Team had been changed from "Great Britain" to "Great Britain and Ireland", but this was simply a change of name to reflect the fact that golfers from the Republic of Ireland had been playing in the Great Britain Ryder Cup team since 1953, while Northern Irish players had competed since 1947.
Since 1979, Europe has won eleven times outright and retained the Cup once in a tied match, with eight American wins over this period. In addition to players from Great Britain and Ireland, the European team has included players from Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden. The Ryder Cup, and its counterpart the Presidents Cup, remain exceptions within the world of professional sports because the players receive no prize money despite the contests being high-profile events that bring in large amounts of money in television and sponsorship revenue.[3]
The current holders are Europe who won in 2018 at the Albatros Course at Le Golf National in Guyancourt, south-west of Paris, by a score of 17½ to 10½.
The next contest will be on the Straits course at Whistling Straits, Haven, Wisconsin, from 25 to 27 September 2020.
Contents
1 Founding of the Cup
1.1 Gleneagles 1921
1.2 Wentworth 1926
1.3 Worcester 1927
2 Inclusion of continental European golfers
3 Format
4 Team composition
4.1 Captains
4.2 Qualification and selection
5 Preliminary events
6 Notable Ryder Cups
6.1 1969: Nicklaus vs Jacklin
6.2 1989: Azinger and Ballesteros
6.3 1991: "The War on the Shore"
6.4 1999: Battle of Brookline
6.5 2012: Miracle at Medinah
7 Results
7.1 Cancellations and postponements
7.2 Summary
8 Future venues
8.1 Future European venues
8.1.1 Bidding for the 2022 Ryder Cup
9 Television
10 Records
11 Similar golf events
12 See also
13 Notes and references
14 External links
Founding of the Cup[edit]
The Ryder Cup on display in 2008. An event sponsored by English businessman Samuel Ryder, the figure on top is modeled after professional golfer Abe Mitchell, Ryder’s private coach.[4]
Gleneagles 1921[edit]
On 27 September 1920 Golf Illustrated wrote a letter to the Professional Golfers' Association of America with a suggestion that a team of 12 to 20 American professionals be chosen to play in the 1921 British Open, to be financed by popular subscription.[5] At that time no American golfer had won the British Open. The idea was that of James D. Harnett, who worked for the magazine. The PGA of America made a positive reply and the idea was announced in the November 1920 issue. The fund was called the British Open Championship Fund. By the next spring the idea had been firmed-up.[6] A team of 12 would be chosen, who would sail in time to play in a warm-up tournament at Gleneagles (the Glasgow Herald 1000 Guinea Tournament) prior to the British Open at St. Andrews, two weeks later. The team of 12 was chosen by PGA President George Sargent and PGA Secretary Alec Pirie, with the assistance of USGA Vice-President Robert Gardner.[7] A team of 11 sailed from New York on the RMS Aquitania on 24 May 1921 together with James Harnett, Harry Hampton deciding at the last minute that he could not travel.[8]
The idea for a 12-a-side International Match between the American and Great Britain professionals was reported in The Times on 17 May, with James Douglas Edgar being reported as the probable 12th player.[9] Edgar was already in the United Kingdom. The match would be played at Gleneagles on Monday 6 June, the day before the start of the 1000 Guinea Tournament. With Jim Barnes indisposed, the match eventually became a 10-a-side contest, Edgar not being required for the American team. The match consisted of 5 foursomes in the morning and 10 singles in the afternoon, played on the King's Course. The match was won by Great Britain by 9 matches to 3, 3 matches being halved.[10]
The British team was: George Duncan (captain), James Braid, Arthur Havers, Abe Mitchell, James Ockenden, Ted Ray, James Sherlock, J.H. Taylor, Josh Taylor, and Harry Vardon. The American team was: Emmet French (captain), Clarence Hackney, Walter Hagen, Charles Hoffner, Jock Hutchison, Tom Kerrigan, George McLean, Fred McLeod, Bill Mehlhorn and Wilfrid Reid. Gold medals were presented by Katharine Stewart-Murray, Duchess of Atholl, to each member of the teams at the conclusion of the Glasgow Herald tournament on Saturday afternoon. The medals "had on one side crossed flags, The Union Jack and Stars and Stripes surmounted by the inscription "For Britain" or "For America" as the case may be, and on the other side "America v Britain. First international golf match at "The Glasgow Herald" tournament, Gleneagles, 6 June 1921"[11]
After the Glasgow Herald Tournament most of the American team travelled to St Andrews to practice for the British Open, for which qualifying began on 20 June. However, Walter Hagen and Jock Hutchison played in a tournament at Kinghorn on 14 and 15 June. Hagen had a poor first round and didn't turn up for the second day. Hutchison scored 74 and 64 and took the £50 first prize.[12] At St Andrews, Hutchison led the qualifying and then won the Open itself. So, despite losing the International Match, the American team achieved its main objective, winning the British Open.
A match between American and British amateur golfers was played at Royal Liverpool Golf Club (Hoylake) in 1921, immediately before The Amateur Championship. This match was followed by the creation of the Walker Cup, which was first played in 1922.[13] However the 1921 Gleneagles match did not immediately lead to a corresponding match between the professionals.
Wentworth 1926[edit]
It was common at this time for a small number of professionals to travel to compete in each other's national championship. In 1926, a larger than usual contingent of American professionals were travelling to Britain to compete in the Open Championship, two weeks before their own Championship. In February it was announced that Walter Hagen would select a team of four American professionals (including himself) to play four British professionals in a match before the Open Championship.[14] The match would be a stroke play competition with each playing the four opposing golfers over 18 holes.[15] In mid-April it was announced that "A golf enthusiast, who name has not yet been made public" was ready to donate a cup for an annual competition.[16] Later in April it was announced that Samuel Ryder would be presenting a trophy "for annual competition between British and American professionals." with the first match to be played on 4 and 5 June "but the details are not yet decided",[17] and then in May it was announced that the match would be a match-play competition, 8-a-side, foursomes on the first day, singles on the second.[18] Eventually, at Hagen's request, 10 players competed for each team.[19] Samuel Ryder (together with his brother James) had sponsored a number of British professional events starting in 1923.[15]
The match resulted in 13–1 victory for the British team (1 match was halved). The American point was won by Bill Mehlhorn with Emmet French being all square. Medals were presented to the players by the American ambassador Alanson B. Houghton.
The match was widely reported as being for the "Ryder Cup". However Golf Illustrated for 11 June states that because of uncertainty following the general strike in May, which led to uncertainty about how many Americans would be visiting Britain, Samuel Ryder had decided to withhold the cup for a year. It has also been suggested that because Walter Hagen chose the American team rather than the American PGA, that only those Americans who had travelled to Britain to play in the Open were available for selection and that it contained a number of players born outside the United States, also contributed to the feeling that the match ought to be regarded as unofficial.[15] In addition the Americans "had only just landed in England and were not yet in full practice."[20]
The British team was: Ted Ray (Captain), Aubrey Boomer, Archie Compston, George Duncan, George Gadd, Arthur Havers, Herbert Jolly, Abe Mitchell, Fred Robson and Ernest Whitcombe. The American team was: Walter Hagen (Captain), Tommy Armour, Jim Barnes, Emmet French, Joe Kirkwood, Fred McLeod, Bill Mehlhorn, Joe Stein, Cyril Walker and Al Watrous. While all ten of the British players subsequently played in the Ryder Cup only three of the Americans did (Hagen, Mehlhorn and Watrous). Armour, Barnes, Kirkwood, McLeod and Walker were excluded by the policy of requiring players to be born in the USA while French and Stein were never selected.
Worcester 1927[edit]
Main article: 1927 Ryder Cup
The 1927 competition was organized on a much more formal basis. A Ryder Cup "Deed of Trust" was drawn up formalising the rules of the contest, while each of the PGA organisations had a selection process. In Britain Golf Illustrated launched a fund to raise £3,000 to fund professional golfers to play in the U.S. Open and the Ryder Cup. Ryder contributed £100 and, when the fund closed with a shortfall of £300, he made up the outstanding balance himself. Although not in the rules at that time, the American PGA restricted their team to those born in the United States.[21]
In early 1928 it became clear that an annual contest was not practical and so it was decided that the second contest should be in 1929 and then every two years thereafter.[15]
For the 1929 UK contest at Moortown GC, Leeds, the American PGA again restricted their team to those born in the USA but in late 1929 the Deed of Trust was revised requiring all players to be born in[23] and resident in their respective countries, as well as being members of their respective Professional Golfers' Association.[15]
Inclusion of continental European golfers[edit]
The most significant change to the Ryder Cup has been the inclusion of continental European golfers since 1979. Up until 1977, the matches featured teams representing the United States and Great Britain and Ireland. From 1979 players from continental Europe have been eligible to join what is now known as Team Europe. The change to include continental Europeans arose from discussion in 1977 between Jack Nicklaus and Edward Stanley, 18th Earl of Derby, who was serving as the President of the Professional Golfers' Association; it was suggested by Nicklaus as a means to make the matches more competitive, since the Americans almost always won, often by lopsided margins.[24] The change worked, as the contests soon became much more competitive, with talented young Europeans such as Seve Ballesteros and Bernhard Langer bolstering the European side. The present-day popularity of the Ryder Cup, which now generates enormous media attention, can be said to date from that change in eligibility.
Format[edit]
The Ryder Cup involves various match play competitions between players selected from two teams of twelve. It takes place from a Friday to a Sunday with a total of 28 matches being played, all matches being over 18 holes. On Friday and Saturday there are four fourball matches and four foursomes matches each day; a session of four matches in the morning and a session of four matches in the afternoon. On Sunday, there are 12 singles matches, when all team members play. Not all players must play on Friday and Saturday; the captain can select any eight players for each of the sessions over these two days.
The winner of each match scores a point for his team, with half a point each for any match that is tied after the 18 holes. The winning team is determined by cumulative total points. In the event of a tie (14 points each) the Ryder Cup is retained by the team who held it before the contest.
A foursomes match is a competition between two teams of two golfers. On a particular hole the golfers on the same team take alternate shots playing the same ball. One team member tees off on all the odd-numbered holes, and the other on all the even-numbered holes. Each hole is won by the team that completes the hole in the fewest shots. A fourball match is also a competition between two teams of two golfers, but all four golfers play their own ball throughout the round rather than alternating shots. The better score of the two golfers in a team determines the team's score on a particular hole; the score of the other member of the team is not counted. Each hole is won by the team whose individual golfer has the lowest score. A singles match is a standard match play competition between two golfers.
The format of the Ryder Cup has changed over the years. From the inaugural event until 1959, the Ryder Cup was a two-day competition with 36-hole matches. In 1961 the matches were changed to 18 holes each and the number of matches doubled. In 1963 the event was expanded to three days, with fourball matches being played for the first time. This format remained until 1977, when the number of matches was reduced to 20, but, in 1979, the first year continental European players participated, the format was changed to the 28-match version in use today, with 8 foursomes/four-ball matches on the first two days and 12 singles matches on the last day.[25] Because of weather disruption the format of the 2010 contest was altered and it was extended to a fourth day.
Year
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Total
Points
Morning
Afternoon
Morning
Afternoon
Morning
Afternoon
1927–59 4 36-hole foursomes 8 36-hole singles – 12
1961 4 foursomes 4 foursomes 8 singles 8 singles – 24
1963–71 4 foursomes 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 4 fourballs 8 singles 8 singles 32
1973 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 8 singles 8 singles 32
1975 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 4 fourballs 4 foursomes 8 singles 8 singles 32
1977 5 foursomes 5 fourballs 10 singles 20
1979–
present 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 12 singles 28
or or
4 fourballs 4 foursomes 4 fourballs 4 foursomes
The team size was increased from 10 to 12 in 1969.
There were two singles sessions (morning and afternoon) in 1979, but no player played in both sessions.
Since 1979, there have been 4 foursomes and 4 fourballs on each of the first two days. Currently the home captain decides before the contest starts whether the fourball or foursomes matches are played in the morning. He may choose a different order for the two days.
Since 1979, a player can play a maximum of 5 matches (2 foursomes, 2 fourballs and a singles match), however from 1963 to 1975 it was possible to play 6 matches (2 foursomes, 2 fourballs and 2 singles matches).
Team composition[edit]
Captains[edit]
The captains have always selected the players and chosen the playing order in each group of matches. When the contest involved 36-hole matches, it was usual for the captain to be one of the players. The USA only had two non-playing captains in this period: Walter Hagen in 1937 and Ben Hogan in 1949 while Great Britain had non-playing captains in 1933, 1949, 1951 and 1953. With the change to 18-hole matches and the extension to three days, it became more difficult to combine the roles of captain and player and Arnold Palmer in 1963 was the last playing captain. The captains have always been professional golfers and the only captain who never played in the Ryder Cup was J.H. Taylor, the 1933 British captain.
Qualification and selection[edit]
The selection process for the Ryder Cup players has varied over the years. In the early contests the teams were generally decided by a selection committee but later qualification based on performances was introduced. The current system by which most of the team is determined by performances with a small number of players selected by the captain (known as "wild cards" or "captain's picks") gradually evolved and has been used by both sides since 1989.[26]
For the 2014 Ryder Cup both teams had 9 players qualifying based on performances with the remaining 3 players selected by the captain. For those players gaining automatic qualification the Europeans used a system, introduced in 2004, using two tables; one using prize money won in official European Tour events and a second based on World Ranking points gained anywhere in the world. Both tables used a 12-month qualifying period finishing at the end of August. The American system, introduced in 2008, was based on prize money earned in official PGA Tour events during the current season and prize money earned in the major championships in the previous season. The qualifying period ended after the PGA Championship.
For the 2016 Ryder Cup there were a number of changes from 2014 in the American system. The number of captain's picks was increased from three to four with the selections being made later than previously, especially moving the fourth and last pick to less than a week before the Ryder Cup, right after the completion of the Tour Championship. The qualifying events now included both the 2015 World Golf Championships events and The Players Championship, on top of the four major championships, but only included 2016 PGA Tour events actually played in 2016, thus excluded any other event played in 2015. The qualifying period was also extended because the Olympic Games had moved the timeslot for the 2016 PGA Championship which took place already at the end of July.
Preliminary events[edit]
An opening ceremony takes place on the afternoon before play begins.
Since 2012, there has been a celebrity match played before the Ryder Cup contest. Celebrities were paired with former Ryder Cup captains in 2012 and 2014. Since 2016 there have been separate matches for celebrities and past captains. Celebrities have included sportspeople Michael Phelps, Scottie Pippen, Martina Navratilova, Alessandro Del Piero and Andriy Shevchenko, and actors Bill Murray and Justin Timberlake.
Notable Ryder Cups[edit]
1969: Nicklaus vs Jacklin[edit]
Main article: 1969 Ryder Cup
Tony Jacklin's golf ball used in the 1969 Ryder Cup held at Royal Birkdale Golf Club
The 1969 Cup held at Royal Birkdale was perhaps one of the best and most competitive contests in terms of play (18 of the 32 matches went to the last green). It was decided in its very last match, of which United States Captain Sam Snead later said "This is the greatest golf match you have ever seen in England".[27]
With the United States and Great Britain tied at 15 1⁄2 each, Jack Nicklaus led Tony Jacklin by the score of 1 up as they played the 17th hole. Jacklin made a 35-foot eagle putt and when Nicklaus missed his own eagle try from 12 feet, the match was all square.
At the par-5 finishing hole, both Jacklin and Nicklaus got on the green in two. Nicklaus ran his eagle putt five feet past the hole, while Jacklin left his two-foot short. Nicklaus then sank his birdie putt, and with a crowd of 8,000 people watching, picked up Jacklin's marker, conceding the putt Jacklin needed to tie the matches. As the current holders, the rules meant that the United States retained the trophy.[28][29] "I don't think you would have missed that putt", Nicklaus said to Jacklin afterwards, "but in these circumstances I would never give you the opportunity."
This gesture of sportsmanship by Nicklaus caused controversy on the American side, some of whom would have preferred to force Jacklin to attempt the putt for the small chance that he might miss, which would have given the United States team an outright win. "All the boys thought it was ridiculous to give him that putt", said Sam Snead. "We went over there to win, not to be good ol' boys."
1989: Azinger and Ballesteros[edit]
Main article: 1989 Ryder Cup
Held at The Belfry in England, the 1989 Ryder Cup saw the rising of tensions in the series. After holding the cup for more than two decades, the United States team lost both the 1985 and 1987 matches. At the 1989 matches, the pressure was on the United States team and its captain, Raymond Floyd. At a pre-match opening celebration, Floyd slighted the European team by introducing his United States team as "the 12 greatest players in the world."
The competition saw the beginnings of a feud between Seve Ballesteros and Paul Azinger. Early in their singles match, Ballesteros sought to change a scuffed ball for a new ball under Rule of Golf 5–3. Somewhat unusually, Azinger disputed whether the ball was unfit for play. A referee was called, and sided with Azinger in ruling the ball fit for play. Ballesteros reportedly said to Azinger, "Is this the way you want to play today?" The match continued in a contentious fashion, culminating in Ballesteros unusually contesting whether Azinger took a proper drop after hitting into the water on the 18th hole.
The American team's frustration grew as the matches ended in a tie, with the European team retaining the cup.
1991: "The War on the Shore"[edit]
Main article: 1991 Ryder Cup
The overall tension between the teams and the feud between Ballesteros and Azinger escalated at the Kiawah Island Golf Resort in 1991. At the ceremonial opening dinner, the PGA of America played two videos that were seen as less than hospitable by the European team. The first video was presented as a highlight reel of past Ryder Cups, but reportedly showed only Americans. The second video was a welcoming address by then-United States President George H. W. Bush in which he closed by cheering on the American side.
On the first morning of the competition, Azinger and Chip Beck were paired against Ballesteros and José María Olazábal in a foursome match, an alternate shot event. Azinger and Beck accused Ballesteros of gamesmanship on account of his throat clearing during Beck's shots. Later in the same match, Azinger and Beck, who were playing the same brand and make of ball but each with a slightly different model, switched their balls. While this switching was unlikely to have resulted in an advantage or to have been intentional, it was in violation of the "one ball rule" which was in effect for the competition. Under that rule, a player is prohibited from changing the type of ball he uses during the course of a match. A few holes after the switch had occurred, Ballesteros called the Americans for the violation. Azinger, seeming to feel that his integrity was being questioned, said "I can tell you we're not trying to cheat." Ballesteros responded, "Oh no. Breaking the rules and cheating are two different things." As the violation was called too long after it had occurred, no penalty was assessed against the American pair. The constant goading between Ballesteros and Azinger intensified their respective desires to win. Out of that intensity, they and their playing partners produced what may be regarded as one of the best pairs matches in history, with the Spaniards winning 2 & 1. After the matches concluded, Ballesteros reportedly said, "The American team has 11 nice guys. And Paul Azinger."
The 1991 matches received the sobriquet "the War on the Shore" after some excitable advertising in the American media, and intense home-team cheering by the American home crowds. For his part, Corey Pavin caused controversy by sporting a Desert Storm baseball cap during the event in support of the U.S. and coalition war effort in Iraq.
The matches culminated in one of the single most dramatic putts in the history of golf. With only one match remaining to be completed, between Hale Irwin for the United States and Bernhard Langer for the Europeans, the United States team led by one point. Irwin and Langer came to the last hole tied. To win the cup, the American team needed Irwin to win or tie the match by winning or tying the hole. The Europeans could keep the cup with a win by Langer. Both players struggled on the hole, and found themselves facing a pair of putts; Langer had a six-foot, side-hill par putt, and Irwin had a generally uphill, 18-inch putt for bogey. To the surprise of his teammates, Langer conceded Irwin's bogey putt, leaving himself in a must-make position. Langer missed his putt, the match was halved, and the U.S. team took back the cup.
Players on both sides were driven to public tears by the pressure of the matches on the final day. The intense competition of the 1991 Ryder Cup is widely regarded as having elevated public interest in the series.
1999: Battle of Brookline[edit]
Main article: 1999 Ryder Cup
The 1999 Ryder Cup held at The Country Club in Brookline, Massachusetts, caused great controversy. A remarkable comeback by the American team helped propel the U.S. to a 14½–13½ victory after trailing 10–6 at the start of the final day. The U.S. defeated Europe 8½–3½ in the singles matches to seal the first American victory since 1993.
The competition turned on the 17th hole of a match between American Justin Leonard and Spaniard José María Olazábal. With the match all square, Leonard needed to earn at least a half-point to seal an American victory. After Olazábal's second shot left him with a 22-foot putt on the par-4, Leonard hit his shot within 10 feet of the hole and then watched it roll away from the cup, leaving him with a 45-foot putt for birdie. Leonard had made putts of 25 and 35 feet earlier in the round. Leonard holed the putt, and a wild celebration followed with other U.S. players, their wives, and a few fans running onto the green. The putt did not guarantee a half-point for Leonard since Olazábal could still hole his putt and win the last hole. However, Olazábal missed his putt, and the American team celebrated once again, although the second celebration was more reserved than the first one.
According to the "Best of the Rest" section of ESPN's Top 5 Reasons You Can't Blame program, NBC television footage and press photos prove that no official rules (Ryder Cup or PGA) were broken when the Americans celebrated after Leonard's putt (i.e., no one walked in or crossed Olazábal's putting line – although Europe player Sam Torrance has said in TV interviews that a TV cameraman stood on Olazábal's line while filming the invasion of the green by players and spectators). However, there remain a number of unwritten rules and codes of conduct which the European players believe were being ignored. Many of the American players believed the Europeans' response was hypocritical; they argued that European players – in particular Seve Ballesteros – had been guilty of excessive celebration and gamesmanship as far back as the 1985 Ryder Cup Matches, without attracting the same criticism from the European media.
There was still considerable bad blood after the match, with some of the European players complaining about the behavior of the American galleries throughout the match. Sam Torrance branded it "disgusting", while European captain Mark James referred to it as a "bear pit" in a book recounting the event.[30] There were also reports that a spectator spat at James' wife.[31] Payne Stewart had conceded his singles match to Colin Montgomerie with both players level and on the last green in 2 shots as a response to the abuse Montgomerie had received throughout the match.[32]
Following the 1999 Ryder Cup, many members of the U.S. team apologised for their behavior, and there were numerous attempts by both teams to calm the increasing nationalism of the event.[33][34]
2012: Miracle at Medinah[edit]
Main article: 2012 Ryder Cup
The 39th Ryder Cup was held at the Medinah Country Club in Medinah, Illinois. Under captain José María Olazábal of Spain; the Europeans were down 10–4 after 14 matches, with two four-ball matches still on the course and 12 singles matches to be played the next day. At the end of day two, Ian Poulter made 5 birdies on the final 5 holes to give him and Rory McIlroy the point over Jason Dufner and Zach Johnson. Despite being down 10–6 going into the final day Europe came back to win by 14 1⁄2 points to 13 1⁄2.[35] Out of the 12 points available on the final day Europe won 8 1⁄2 points with the U.S. winning only 3 1⁄2 points. In terms of points this feat matched the Americans' 1999 comeback at Brookline Country Club.
Martin Kaymer struck the putt that retained the cup for Europe. The putt was almost identical in length to the one that fellow German Bernhard Langer missed at the 1991 Ryder Cup. Francesco Molinari secured the final half-point to win the Ryder Cup outright by winning the 18th hole to halve his match against Tiger Woods. Ian Poulter of the European team finished this Ryder Cup with a perfect 4–0 record.
Results[edit]
Main article: List of Ryder Cup matches
Cancellations and postponements[edit]
1939 Ryder Cup
The 1939 Ryder Cup was planned for 18–19 November at Ponte Vedra Country Club in Jacksonville, Florida; Walter Hagen was chosen as non-playing captain of the U.S. team. The competition was cancelled shortly after the outbreak of World War II in Europe in September. It would have been the first Ryder Cup to be held in Florida; the competition was not held there until 1983.
In early April 1939, the British P.G.A. chose a selection committee of six and selected Henry Cotton as captain.[36] In August, eight players were named in the team: Cotton, Jimmy Adams, Dick Burton, Sam King, Alf Padgham, Dai Rees, Charles Whitcombe, and Reg Whitcombe.[37] Charles Whitcombe immediately withdrew from the team,[38] not wishing to travel to the United States. With seven selected, three places were left to be filled. War was declared on 3 September and the British P.G.A. immediately cancelled the match: "The P.G.A. announce that the Ryder Cup match for this year has been cancelled by the state of war prevailing in this country. The P.G.A. of the United States is being informed."[39][40]
1941, 1943, and 1945 Ryder Cups
The Ryder Cup was not played in these scheduled years due to the war; by the fall of 1945, many members of the British team were still in the military.[41] After a decade-long absence, it resumed in November 1947 at the Portland Golf Club in Portland, Oregon.
2001 Ryder Cup
Main article: 2002 Ryder Cup
The competition, scheduled for 28–30 September at The Belfry's Brabazon Course, was postponed a year because of the September 11 terrorist attacks. "The PGA of America has informed the European Ryder Cup Board that the scope of the last Tuesday's tragedy is so overwhelming that it would not be possible for the United States Ryder Cup team and officials to attend the match this month."[42] The manager of Phil Mickelson and Mark Calcavecchia had earlier announced that the two players would not travel to Europe. Other American players were said to be concerned about attending the event. It was played in 2002 at the original venue with the same teams that had been selected to play a year earlier. The display boards at The Belfry still read "The 2001 Ryder Cup", and U.S. captain Curtis Strange deliberately referred to his team as "The 2001 Ryder Cup Team" in his speech at the closing ceremony.
It was later decided to hold the subsequent Ryder Cup in 2004 (rather than 2003) and thereafter in even-numbered years. This change also affected the men's Presidents Cup and Seve Trophy and women's Solheim Cup competitions, as each switched from even to odd years.
Summary[edit]
Team
From
To
Matches
Wins
Losses
Ties
United States
1927 2018 42 26 14 2
Great Britain/
Great Britain & Ireland
1927 1977 22 3 18 1
Europe
1979 2018 20 11 8 1
Although the team was referred to as "Great Britain" up to 1971, a number of golfers from the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Guernsey and Jersey had played for Great Britain before that date. In 1973, the official team name was changed to "Great Britain and Ireland,” but this was simply a change of name to reflect the fact that golfers from the Republic of Ireland had played in the "Great Britain" Ryder Cup team since Harry Bradshaw in 1953, while Northern Irish players had competed since Fred Daly in 1947.
The team in place of the original "Great Britain" team has been referred to as "Europe" since 1979, when players from continental Europe were included. Since then, the "United States" team has won 8 matches and the "Europe" team has won 11 matches, while retaining the Ryder Cup once with a tie.
Future venues[edit]
2020 Whistling Straits, Straits Course (Haven, Wisconsin)
2022 Marco Simone Golf and Country Club (Guidonia Montecelio, Rome, Italy)
2024 Bethpage State Park, Black Course (Farmingdale, New York)
2026 TBD
2028 Hazeltine National Golf Club (Chaska, Minnesota)
2030 TBD
2032 The Olympic Club, Lake Course (San Francisco, California)[43]
2034 TBD
2036 Congressional Country Club (Bethesda, Maryland)[44]
Future European venues[edit]
In 2001 the PGA European Tour decided to put out the Ryder Cup hosting rights from 2018 through 2030 to a competitive bid process throughout Europe.[45]
Main article: 2018 Ryder Cup
Bidding for the 2022 Ryder Cup[edit]
The bidding process for the 2022 Ryder Cup opened on 23 June 2014. Interested countries had until 31 August to formally express an interest in bidding. These expressions had to come either from a central government or a national golf governing body.[46] On 5 September, seven nations had expressed an interest in hosting. Formal bids were to be submitted by 16 February 2015, with the host to be selected that autumn.[47] In November 2014 it was announced that Denmark had withdrawn from the bidding process leaving six remaining countries. The date for submissions of the formal bids was extended to 30 April 2015.[48]
Seven nations originally expressed interest in bidding.[47] However Ryder Cup Europe only received four bids when bidding closed on 30 April 2015.[49]
On 14 December 2015, Rome was announced as the host of 2022 Ryder Cup. Italy beat Germany, Austria and Spain to win the bid for 44th edition of Ryder Cup.[50]
Winning bid is marked in bold
Bids submitted in time are marked in green
Cancelled/withdrawn bids are marked in red
Country
City
Golf course
Austria Oberwaltersdorf Golf Club Fontana
Golf Club Fontana, Oberwaltersdorf. Fontana was chosen by the Austrian Golf Federation ÖGV on 28 January 2015 against the other bidder Golf Club Zillertal, Uderns[51][52]
Denmark withdrew on 13 November 2014
Denmark withdrew its bid on 13 November 2014[53]
Germany Berlin, Scharmuetzelsee Golf Club Bad Saarow
The Golf Club Bad Saarow at Scharmuetzelsee near Berlin was chosen by RC Deutschland, the German Golf Federation's bid team, on 25 March 2015 against the other bidder Golf Club Groß Kienitz, also near Berlin.[54][55] Other interested venues were considered earlier, however Gut Kaden near Hamburg never bid officially and Golf Valley Resort near Munich withdrew its bid on 9 December 2014[56][57][58]
Italy Guidonia Montecelio, Rome Marco Simone Golf and Country Club
Italy successfully bid to hold the 2022 Ryder Cup at Marco Simone club just outside Rome[59][60]
Portugal withdrew on 15 April 2015
Portugal was among the nations that expressed interest to host the 2022 Ryder Cup.[47] However the Portuguese Golf Federation has informed Ryder Cup Europe on 15 April 2015 "that the prevailing economic environment would prevent us from developing as strong a bid as we would wish and have therefore decided to wait for a future opportunity"[61]
Spain Caldes de Malavella PGA Catalunya Resort
Real Federación Española de Golf, in partnership with Generalitat de Catalunya and other public Spanish and Catalan stakeholders, have announced their intention on 24 November 2014 to bid to bring the 2022 Ryder Cup to Catalunya, PGA Catalunya Resort in Caldes de Malavella[62]
Turkey withdrew on 16 March 2015
Turkey originally intended to build a new venue.[63] However Turkey withdrew its bid on 16 March 2015 because it required up to 15,000 trees to be cut down to accommodate grandstands at its chosen course[64]
Television[edit]
Main article: List of Ryder Cup broadcasters
The Ryder Cup matches were always covered by the BBC, whether in Britain or in the United States, even prior to the British team's merger with Europe. In the 1990s, Sky Sports became heavily involved in the Ryder Cup, and has since taken over live coverage, including creating a channel specifically dedicated for the 2014 and 2016 competition. The BBC still screens edited highlights each night.
In the United States,[65] the Ryder Cup was first televised live at the 1983 matches in Florida, with ABC Sports covering just the final four holes of the singles matches. A highlight package of the 1985 singles matches was produced by ESPN, but no live coverage aired from England. In 1987, with the matches back in the United States, ABC covered both weekend days, but only in the late afternoon.
In 1989, USA Network began a long association with the Ryder Cup, by televising all three days live from England, the first live coverage of a Ryder Cup from Europe. This led to a one-year deal for the 1991 matches in South Carolina to be carried by NBC[66] live on the weekend, with USA Network continuing to provide live coverage of the first day. All five sessions were broadcast for the first time. The success of the 1991 matches led to a contract extension with USA and NBC through 1997, marking a turning point in the competition's popularity. For the European matches, the first two days were taped and aired on delay in the U.S. Another extension with USA and NBC covering the 1999–2003 (later moved to 2004) competitions increased the number of hours of coverage to include the entire first day and most of the second day. Tape delay was still employed for competitions from Europe.
The Ryder Cup's increased success led to a landmark contract with NBC (which had recently bought USA Network) to air the 2006–14 competitions on USA and NBC. It called for a record increase in coverage hours, with the second day now having near-complete coverage. Tape delay was last used for the 2006 event in Ireland. In 2006, ESPN was sub-licensed rights to Friday coverage, as part of a larger transaction between NBC and Disney that also resulted in ABC Sports personality Al Michaels moving to NBC to join their then-upcoming Sunday-night NFL games, ESPN gaining expanded access to highlights from events whose rights are owned by NBC, and Disney acquiring the rights to the cartoon character Oswald the Lucky Rabbit (who was created by Walt Disney in 1927 for a series of animated shorts distributed by Universal Pictures).[67]
In 2013, NBC reached a deal to extend its rights to the Ryder Cup and Senior PGA Championship through 2030, with Friday coverage of the Ryder Cup being assumed by Golf Channel.[68][69]
For 2018, Golf Channel and NBC have a combined total of 30.5 hours of coverage; Golf Channel has 13.5 hours, and NBC has 17 hours. Ninety minutes of Golf Channel and NBC's time overlap, amounting to a net total of 29 hours of real time coverage.
Records[edit]
Main article: List of Ryder Cup records
See also: List of American Ryder Cup golfers and List of European Ryder Cup golfers
Most appearances: 12
° Phil Mickelson (USA), 1995–2018
Most points: 25 1⁄2
° Sergio García (Eur) (22–11–7 record)
Most singles points won: 7
° Colin Montgomerie (Eur) (6–0–2 record)
° Billy Casper (USA) (6–2–2 record)
° Lee Trevino (USA) (6–2–2 record)
° Arnold Palmer (USA) (6–3–2 record)
° Neil Coles (GB, GB&I) (5–6–4 record)
Most foursome points won: 11 1⁄2
° Bernhard Langer (Eur) (11–6–1 record)
° Sergio García (Eur) (10–4–3 record)
Most fourball points won: 10 1⁄2
° Ian Woosnam (Eur) (10–3–1 record)
° José María Olazábal (Eur) (9–2–3 record)
Most points won by a pairing: 12
° Seve Ballesteros and José María Olazábal (Eur) (11–2–2 record)
Top point percentage (minimum of 3 Ryder Cup matches)
° Jimmy Demaret (USA) (6–0–0) 7002100000000000000♠100.0%
° Jack Burke (USA) (7–1–0) 7001875000000000000♠87.5%
° Horton Smith (USA) (3–0–1) 7001875000000000000♠87.5%
° Walter Hagen (USA) (7–1–1) 7001833000000000000♠83.3%
° J.C. Snead (USA) (9–2–0) 7001818000000000000♠81.8%
° Sam Snead (USA) (10–2–1) 7001808000000000000♠80.8%
Most points in a single contest: 5
° Tony Lema (USA) (5–1–0) 1965
° Peter Alliss (GB) (5–1–0) 1965
° Gardner Dickinson (USA) (5–0–0) 1967
° Arnold Palmer (USA) (5–0–0) 1967
° Tony Jacklin (GB) (4–0–2) 1969
° Jack Nicklaus (USA) (5–1–0) 1971
° Larry Nelson (USA) (5–0–0) 1979
° Francesco Molinari (Eur) (5–0–0) 2018
Youngest player: 19 years, 258 days
° Sergio García (Eur) 1999
Oldest player: 51 years, 20 days
° Raymond Floyd (USA) 1993
Sources[70][71][72]
Similar golf events[edit]
The Presidents Cup is similar to the Ryder Cup, except that the competing sides are a U.S. side and an International side from the rest of the world consisting of players who are ineligible for the Ryder Cup. It is held in years when there is no Ryder Cup.
Other team golf events between U.S. and either Europe or Great Britain and Ireland include:
Solheim Cup – The women's equivalent of the Ryder Cup, featuring the same U.S. against Europe format.
Walker Cup – Event for amateur men between a U.S. side and a team drawn from Great Britain and Ireland.
Curtis Cup – Women's amateur event analogous to the Walker Cup.
PGA Cup – A match between U.S. and Great Britain and Ireland club professionals.
Junior Ryder Cup – A match between U.S. and European juniors involving both boys and girls.
Junior Solheim Cup – A match between U.S. and European junior girls.
See also[edit]
Golf portal
List of American Ryder Cup golfers
List of European Ryder Cup golfers
List of sports competitions between teams representing continents
Notes and references[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.letsgetgolfing.com/getting-started-at-golf/pga-s-of-europe/
Jump up ^ Harig, Bob (23 September 2014). "At Ryder Cup, follow the money". ESPN. Retrieved 24 September 2014. According to [Ryder Cup Europe director Richard] Hills, the European Tour controls 60 percent of the event [in Europe], with the PGA of Great Britain and the PGA of Europe each holding 20 percent.
Jump up ^ "OK, so what's it worth?". golftoday.co.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
Jump up ^ Prezioso, Andrew (25 September 2014) Nine things to you know about the Ryder Cup trophy. rydercup.com
Jump up ^ "U.S. Professionals to Seek British Title" (PDF). Golf Illustrated: 27. November 1920. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Month at a Glance" (PDF). Golf Illustrated: 32. March 1921. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Month at a Glance" (PDF). Golf Illustrated: 32. May 1921. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Golf Stars Leave for British Links" (PDF). The New York Times. 25 May 1921. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "The American Professionals". The Times. 17 May 1921. p. 12.
Jump up ^ "Gleneagles – International Golf". The Glasgow Herald. 7 June 1921. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Mitchell's Win – "The Glasgow Herald" tournament". The Glasgow Herald. 13 June 1921. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Golf – Kinghorn tournament – Hutchison's easy win". The Glasgow Herald. 16 June 1921. p. 11.
Jump up ^ "History of the Walker Cup match". 2013 Walker Cup. 2013. Retrieved 9 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Professional International Match". The Times. 20 February 1926. p. 5.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Fry, Peter (July 2000). Samuel Ryder: The Man Behind the Ryder Cup. Wright Press. ISBN 978-0-9539087-0-7.
Jump up ^ "Cup Offered for Golf Match Between U.S. and British Pros". The New York Times. 17 April 1926.
Jump up ^ "The "Ryder" Trophy". The Times. 26 April 1926. p. 6.
Jump up ^ "Professional International Match". The Times. 18 May 1926. p. 3.
Jump up ^ "The "Ryder" Cup – To-day's International Match". The Times. 4 June 1926. p. 6.
Jump up ^ "The Ryder Cup". The Times. 6 April 1927. p. 7.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Ryder Cup". Ryder Cup. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Dimond, Alex (18 April 2012). "Rules ravage Pettersson's Ryder bid – for both teams". Out of Bounds. ESPN (UK). Retrieved 24 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Prior to the 2002 Ryder Cup, the PGA of America changed its eligibility rules, extending eligibility for Team USA to all individuals born with U.S. citizenship, plus those who acquired U.S. citizenship before age 18.[22]
Jump up ^ Jack Nicklaus: My Story, by Jack Nicklaus with Ken Bowden, 2002.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup Match History". Archived from the original on 8 October 2007. Retrieved 24 March 2007.
Jump up ^ "PGA Media Guide 2012 – How The Ryder Cup Teams Have Been Chosen" (PDF). PGA. pp. 21–22. Retrieved 23 July 2012.
Jump up ^ "Yanks' Great Golf Good For Tie". St. Petersburg Times. Florida. Associated Press. 22 September 1969. p. 4-C.
Jump up ^ Jacobs, Raymond (22 September 1969). "Ryder Cup Climax Of Breath-Taking Excitement". The Glasgow Herald. p. 4.
Jump up ^ Brown, Gwilym S. (29 September 1969). "A tie may be like kissing your sister..." Sports Illustrated.
Jump up ^ James, Mark (2007). Into the Bear Pit: The Hard-Hitting Inside Story of the Brookline Ryder Cup. Ebury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7535-1297-5.
Jump up ^ A mob demonstration. CNN (28 September 1999)
Jump up ^ http://kingdom.golf/golf/a-champion-remembered/
Jump up ^ Davies, David (17 September 2004). "Day of shame that refuses to die". The Guardian. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
Jump up ^ ""He Acted Like A Madman" - Balls Remembers The Most Controversial Ryder Cup Ever Played". Balls. 26 September 2018. Retrieved 29 September 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup 2012: Europe beat USA after record comeback". BBC. 30 September 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Ryder Cup". The Times (48272). 5 April 1939. p. 6, column C.
Jump up ^ "The Ryder Cup Team". The Times (48390). 22 August 1939. p. 6, column E.
Jump up ^ "C Whitcombe out of Ryder Cup Team". The Times (48391). 23 August 1939. p. 6, column B.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup Match Cancelled". The Times (48402). 5 September 1939. p. 3, column C.
Jump up ^ "Britain postpones Ryder Cup tourney". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Washington, U.S. Associated Press. 4 September 1939. p. 11.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup golf still in doubt". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Washington, U.S. Associated Press. 13 November 1945. p. 12.
Jump up ^ "Officials forced to postpone Ryder Cup for one year". The Times, 17 September 2001; pg. 1[S].
Jump up ^ "Olympic Club to host PGA Championship in 2028, Ryder Cup in 2032". ESPN. Associated Press. 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "PGA of America partners with Congressional Country Club to host Championships". PGA of America. 17 September 2018.
Jump up ^ "Tour History – 2001". PGA European Tour. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Official bidding process announced for the 2022 Ryder Cup" (Press release). Ryder Cup Europe. 23 June 2014. Retrieved 24 September 2014. [dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Seven Nations express interest to host the 2022 Ryder Cup" (Press release). Ryder Cup Europe. 5 September 2014. Retrieved 24 September 2014. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup 2022: Denmark pull out of contest to host event". BBC Sport. 13 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "The 2022 Ryder Cup: Formal Submissions Made" (Press release). Ryder Cup Europe. 30 April 2015. Retrieved 30 May 2015. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Rome to host Ryder Cup 2022" (Press release). Sports Mirchi. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Fontana ausgewählt" (in German). Austrian Golf Federation/ÖGV. 28 January 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Fontana oder Zillertal: Zwei Optionen für den Ryder Cup 2022" (in German). Kurier. 24 November 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup 2022: Denmark pull out of contest to host event". BBC Sport. Retrieved 13 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Germany's bid for the 2022 Ryder Cup". German Golf Federation. 25 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup 2022: Deutschland bewirbt sich mit Brandenburger Golfplätzen" (in German). Golf SID. 9 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Ryder Cup 2022" (in German). Golf Valley. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Marco Kaussler leitet deutsche Ryder-Cup-Kampagne" (in German). pga.de. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Hamburg und Berlin bleiben im Rennen" (in German). Golf.de. 9 December 2014. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Italy bids for 2022 Ryder Cup, Turkey pulls out". PGA Tour. 12 November 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Italy to bid for '22 Ryder Cup". ESPN. 12 November 2014. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Four nations host Ryder Cup bid inspection visits for 2022". Ryder Cup Europe. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 16 April 2015. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "The 2022 Ryder Cup". GolfWeather.com. WGT Media Network. 24 November 2014. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Turkey keeps bid to host 2022 Ryder Cup". Golfweek. 13 November 2014. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Turkey withdraws bid to host 2022 Ryder Cup". PGA of America. 16 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015. [dead link]
Jump up ^ Haggar, Jeff (25 September 2012). "Chronology of Ryder Cup coverage on US TV". Classic TV Sports.
Jump up ^ "The Ryder Cup returns to NBC". NBC Sports History Page.
Jump up ^ "Stay 'tooned: Disney gets 'Oswald' for Al Michaels". ESPN.com. 9 February 2006. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Weisman, Jon (10 October 2013). "NBC Extends Ryder Cup Rights Through 2030". Variety. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "PGA of America recognizes a perfect complement in NBC and Golf Channel". Golf Digest. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "History – All-Time Team Europe Ryder Cup Records". Ryder Cup. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "History – All-Time Team USA Ryder Cup Records". Ryder Cup. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Ryder Cup – Match history & records 1927–2012". Golf Today. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ryder Cup.
Official site
show
v
t
e
Ryder Cup
United States vs. Great Britain
1927
1929
1931
1933
1935
1937
1939
1941
1943
1945
1947
1949
1951
1953
1955
1957
1959
1961
1963
1965
1967
1969
1971
United States vs. Great Britain and Ireland
1973
1975
1977
United States vs. Europe
1979
1981
1983
1985
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Statistics and lists
Matches
Records
Broadcasters
American golfers
European golfers
show
v
t
e
Ryder Cup venues
Worcester Country Club, Worcester, Massachusetts (1927)
Moortown Golf Club, Leeds (1929)
Scioto Country Club, Upper Arlington, Ohio (1931)
Southport and Ainsdale Golf Club, Southport (1933, 1937)
Ridgewood Country Club, Paramus, New Jersey (1935)
Portland Golf Club, Raleigh Hills, Oregon (1947)
Ganton Golf Club, Ganton, North Yorkshire (1949)
Pinehurst Resort, Pinehurst, North Carolina (1951)
Wentworth Club, Virginia Water, Surrey (1953)
Thunderbird Country Club, Rancho Mirage, California (1955)
Lindrick Golf Club, Lindrick, South Yorkshire (1957)
Eldorado Country Club, Indian Wells, California (1959)
Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club, Lytham St Annes, Lancashire (1961, 1977)
East Lake Golf Club, Atlanta, Georgia (1963)
Royal Birkdale Golf Club, Southport, Merseyside (1965, 1969)
Champions Golf Club, Houston, Texas (1967)
Old Warson Country Club, St. Louis, Missouri (1971)
Muirfield, Gullane, East Lothian (1973)
Laurel Valley Golf Club, Ligonier, Pennsylvania (1975)
The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia (1979)
Walton Heath Golf Club, Walton-on-the-Hill, Surrey (1981)
PGA National Golf Club, Palm Beach Gardens, Florida (1983)
The Belfry, Wishaw, Warwickshire (1985, 1989, 1993, 2002)
Muirfield Village, Dublin, Ohio (1987)
Kiawah Island Golf Resort, Kiawah Island, South Carolina (1991)
Oak Hill Country Club, Pittsford, New York (1995)
Valderrama Golf Club, Sotogrande, Andalusia (1997)
The Country Club, Brookline, Massachusetts (1999)
Oakland Hills Country Club, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan (2004)
K Club, Straffan, County Kildare (2006)
Valhalla Golf Club, Louisville, Kentucky (2008)
Celtic Manor Resort, Newport, Wales (2010)
Medinah Country Club, Medinah, Illinois (2012)
Gleneagles, Auchterarder, Perth and Kinross (2014)
Hazeltine National Golf Club, Chaska, Minnesota (2016)
Le Golf National, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Île-de-France (2018)
Whistling Straits, Haven, Wisconsin (2020)
Marco Simone Golf and Country Club, Guidonia, Rome (2022)
Bethpage Black Course, Farmingdale, New York (2024)
show
v
t
e
PGA Tour events
Major championships
Masters Tournament
PGA Championship
U.S. Open
The Open Championship (British Open)
Other tournaments
Safeway Open
CIMB Classic
CJ Cup
WGC-HSBC Champions
Sanderson Farms Championship
Shriners Hospitals for Children Open
Mayakoba Golf Classic
RSM Classic
Sentry Tournament of Champions
Sony Open in Hawaii
CareerBuilder Challenge
Farmers Insurance Open
Waste Management Phoenix Open
AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am
Genesis Open
WGC-Mexico Championship
Puerto Rico Open
The Honda Classic
Arnold Palmer Invitational
The Players Championship
Valspar Championship
WGC-Dell Technologies Match Play
Corales Puntacana Resort and Club Championship
Valero Texas Open
RBC Heritage
Zurich Classic of New Orleans
Wells Fargo Championship
AT&T Byron Nelson
Charles Schwab Challenge
Memorial Tournament
RBC Canadian Open
Travelers Championship
Rocket Mortgage Classic
3M Open
John Deere Classic
Barbasol Championship
WGC-FedEx St. Jude Invitational
Reno-Tahoe Tournament
Wyndham Championship
FedEx Cup playoff events
The Northern Trust
BMW Championship
Tour Championship
Team events
Ryder Cup
Presidents Cup
World Cup
Unofficial money events
Hero World Challenge
QBE Shootout
CVS Health Charity Classic
Former events
List of former events
Fall Series
All events are listed in chronological order.
show
v
t
e
European Tour events
Major championships
Masters Tournament
U.S. Open
The Open Championship
PGA Championship
Other Race to Dubai
tournaments
UBS Hong Kong Open
Australian PGA Championship
AfrAsia Bank Mauritius Open
Joburg Open
BMW SA Open
Abu Dhabi HSBC Golf Championship
Omega Dubai Desert Classic
Maybank Championship
ISPS Handa World Super 6 Perth
NBO Oman Open
Commercial Bank Qatar Masters
WGC-Mexico Championship
Tshwane Open
Hero Indian Open
WGC-Dell Technologies Match Play Championship
Open de España
Trophée Hassan II
Volvo China Open
Rocco Forte Sicilian Open
Belgian Knockout
BMW PGA Championship
Italian Open
Shot Clock Masters
BMW International Open
HNA Open de France
Dubai Duty Free Irish Open
Aberdeen Standard Investments Scottish Open
Porsche European Open
WGC-Bridgestone Invitational
Nordea Masters
D+D Real Czech Masters
Made in Denmark
Omega European Masters
KLM Open
Portugal Masters
Alfred Dunhill Links Championship
Sky Sports British Masters
Andalucía Valderrama Masters
WGC-HSBC Champions
Turkish Airlines Open
Nedbank Golf Challenge
DP World Tour Championship, Dubai
Team events
World Cup
EurAsia Cup
GolfSixes
Ryder Cup
European Golf Team Championships
Other
European Tour Qualifying School
Former events
All events listed in chronological order.
show
v
t
e
Golf
Overview
History
Glossary
Outline
Rules
penalties
playoffs
etiquette
Stroke play
scoring
handicap
Match play
four-ball
alternate shot
Golf course
links
teeing ground
hazards
Equipment
golf clubs
golf ball
tee
Technical
Golf stroke mechanics
Instruction
Drive
Golfers
Professional golfer
tours
Male golfers
Female golfers
Men's major winners
Women's major winners
Senior major winners
Olympic medalists
Most wins
Asian Tour
Australasia Tour
Challenge Tour
European Tour
European Senior Tour
Japan Golf Tour
Ladies European Tour
LPGA Tour
PGA Tour
PGA Tour Champions
Sunshine Tour
Web.com Tour
Majors
(Grand Slam)
Men
Masters Tournament
Augusta National Golf Club
U.S. Open
The Open Championship
venues
Claret Jug
PGA Championship
Women
ANA Inspiration
U.S. Women's Open
Women's PGA Championship
Women's British Open
The Evian Championship
Senior
The Tradition
Senior PGA Championship
U.S. Senior Open
Senior Players Championship
Senior Open Championship
Senior Women's
Senior LPGA Championship
U.S. Senior Women's Open
International events
Multi-sport event
Asian Games
Inter-Allied Games
Island Games
Pacific Games
Pan American Games
Summer Olympics
Summer Universiade
Youth Olympic Games
Team
Curtis Cup
EurAsia Cup
International Crown
PGA Cup
Presidents Cup
Ryder Cup
Solheim Cup
Walker Cup
Rankings
Men
Women
Amateur
Countries
Australia
China
India
Ireland
Philippines
Russia
Scotland
Thailand
United States
Venues
Driving range
Lists of golf courses
Canada
Hawaii
India
North Dakota
Philippines
Portugal
United Kingdom
links courses
designed by Jack Nicklaus
Years
1353–1850
1851–1945
1945–1999
2000–2005
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Governing bodies
International Golf Federation
The R&A
United States Golf Association
Professional Golfers' Association (Great Britain and Ireland)
Professional Golfers' Association of America
LPGA
PGA Tour
PGA European Tour
American Society of Golf Course Architects
World Golf Teachers Federation
Variations
Beach golf
GolfCross
Hickory golf
Indoor golf
Long drive
Miniature golf
Park golf
Pitch and putt
Shotgun start
Skins game
Snow golf
Speed golf
Urban golf
Miscellaneous
Awards
Architects
Caddie
Greenskeeper
World Golf Hall of Fame
British Golf Museum
USGA Museum
Jack Nicklaus Museum
Caddie Hall of Fame
Evans Scholars Foundation
Triple Crown
Media
Golf Channel
personalities
Golf Digest
Golf Magazine
Golf World
Golfweek
Links
Travel + Leisure Golf
Video games
Category
Commons
WikiProject
Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ryder_Cup&oldid=866353049"
Categories:
Ryder Cup
Team golf tournaments
European Tour events
PGA Tour events
Recurring sporting events established in 1927
Biennial sporting events
Hidden categories:
Pages using Timeline
CS1: Julian–Gregorian uncertainty
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from September 2018
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Use dmy dates from June 2018
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Asturianu
Brezhoneg
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
Euskara
Français
한국어
Italiano
Lietuvių
Lumbaart
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Português
Simple English
Suomi
Svenska
Українська
中文
16 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 29 October 2018, at 20:47 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

value: caption

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: 2 navbox-title text-align:center

values:
/wiki/European_Tour
mw-redirect
European Tour

values: Professional Golfers' Association of America

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Open_Championship
mw-redirect
Open Championship

values: Katharine Stewart-Murray, Duchess of Atholl

values:
/wiki/Joe_Kirkwood,_Sr.
mw-redirect
Joe Kirkwood, Sr.

values: Edit section: Inclusion of continental European golfers

values:
/wiki/Coach_(sports)
mw-redirect
Coach (sports)

values: Edit section: Qualification and selection

values: Edit section: 1989: Azinger and Ballesteros

values: Edit section: 1991: "The War on the Shore"

values:
/wiki/Desert_Storm
mw-redirect
Desert Storm

values: Edit section: Cancellations and postponements

values:
/wiki/September_11_terrorist_attacks
mw-redirect
September 11 terrorist attacks

values:
/wiki/The_Olympic_Club
mw-redirect
The Olympic Club

values:
/wiki/San_Francisco,_California
mw-redirect
San Francisco, California

values: Edit section: Bidding for the 2022 Ryder Cup

values: background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;

values: background: #ffdddd; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/Jack_Burke,_Jr.
mw-redirect
Jack Burke, Jr.

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.rydercup.com

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Houston,_Texas
mw-redirect
Houston, Texas

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values:
/wiki/OHL_Classic_at_Mayakoba
mw-redirect
OHL Classic at Mayakoba

values: Corales Puntacana Resort and Club Championship

values:
/wiki/Abu_Dhabi_HSBC_Golf_Championship
mw-redirect
Abu Dhabi HSBC Golf Championship

values:
/wiki/WGC-Bridgestone_Invitational
mw-redirect
WGC-Bridgestone Invitational

values: European Golf Team Championships (page does not exist)

values: List of men's major championships winning golfers

values: List of golfers with most LPGA major championship wins

values: List of golfers with most Champions Tour major championship wins

values: List of golfers with most Asian Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most PGA Tour of Australasia wins

values: List of golfers with most Challenge Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most European Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most European Senior Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most Japan Golf Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most Ladies European Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most LPGA Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most PGA Tour Champions wins

values: List of golfers with most Sunshine Tour wins

values: List of golfers with most Web.com Tour wins

values: United States Women's Open Championship (golf)

values: List of golf courses in the United Kingdom

values: List of Jack Nicklaus designed golf courses

values: American Society of Golf Course Architects

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1927

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from September 2018

values: Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Ryder_Cup
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values:
https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Breton
br
br
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-br
display: none;

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values: Ράιντερ Καπ – Greek

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo
display: none;

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: ライダーカップ – Japanese

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryder_Cup
Ryder Cup – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: Кубок Райдера – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Ryder_Cup rootpage-Ryder_Cup skin-vector action-view


text:
The Polar Express (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Polar Express
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Robert Zemeckis
Produced by
Steve Starkey
Robert Zemeckis
Gary Goetzman
William Teitler
Screenplay by
Robert Zemeckis
William Broyles, Jr.
Based on
The Polar Express
by Chris Van Allsburg
Starring
Tom Hanks
Daryl Sabara
Nona Gaye
Jimmy Bennett
Eddie Deezen
Michael Jeter
Music by
Alan Silvestri
Cinematography
Don Burgess
Robert Presley
Edited by
R. Orlando Duenas
Jeremiah O'Driscoll
Production
company
Castle Rock Entertainment[1]
Shangri-La Entertainment[1]
ImageMovers[1]
Playtone[1]
Golden Mean Productions[1]
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures[1]
Release date
October 21, 2004 (2004-10-21) (Chicago International
Film Festival)
November 10, 2004 (2004-11-10) (United States)
Running time
100 minutes[2]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$165 million[2][3]
Box office
$309.8 million[2]
The Polar Express is a 2004 American 3D computer-animated motion-capture Christmas musical fantasy film based on the 1985 children's book of the same name by Chris Van Allsburg, who also served as one of the executive producers on the film. Written, produced, and directed by Robert Zemeckis, the film features human characters animated using live action motion capture animation.
The film stars Daryl Sabara, Nona Gaye, Jimmy Bennett, and Eddie Deezen, with Tom Hanks in six distinct roles. The film also included a performance by Tinashe at age 9, who later gained exposure as a pop singer in the 2010s, as the CGI-model for the female protagonist.
Castle Rock Entertainment produced the film in association with Shangri-La Entertainment, ImageMovers, Playtone, and Golden Mean for Warner Bros. Pictures, as Castle Rock's first animated production. The visual effects and performance capture were done at Sony Pictures Imageworks. The film was made with a budget of $165 million, a record-breaking sum for an animated feature at the time.
The film was released in both conventional and IMAX 3D theaters on November 10, 2004. It grossed $309 million worldwide, and was later listed in the 2006 Guinness World Book of Records as the first all-digital capture film. The film also marks Michael Jeter's last acting role before his death, and the film was thus dedicated to his memory.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Architecture
3.2 Polar Express Locomotive
4 IMAX 3D version
5 Home media release
6 Soundtrack
7 Reception
7.1 Critical response
7.2 Box office
7.3 Awards and honors
8 The "Polar Express Experience"
9 Video game
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Plot[edit]
On the night of Christmas Eve, a Grand Rapids, Michigan boy is growing bitterly skeptical of the existence of Santa Claus. As he struggles to sleep, he is roused by the arrival of a steam locomotive on the street outside his home, and dons his robe to investigate, tearing the robe's pocket as he retrieves it. Outside, the train's conductor (Tom Hanks) introduces the train as the Polar Express, bound for the North Pole. The boy initially declines to board, but jumps aboard the train as it pulls away.
In a passenger car, he befriends a spirited and amicable girl, and a condescending know-it-all. The train stops to pick up an impoverished child, Billy, who also declines to board; Billy changes his mind, and the boy applies the emergency brake to allow him to catch up to the train, much to the conductor's chagrin. As Billy sits alone in the train's rear dining car, hot chocolate is served in the passenger car, and the girl saves her hot chocolate for Billy. As she and the conductor cross to the dining car, the boy notices she left her ticket behind unpunched, but loses hold of the ticket between the cars when he attempts to return it. The ticket reenters the passenger car, but not before the conductor notices its absence and escorts the girl back to the rear car.
The know-it-all claims that the conductor will jettison the girl from the back of the train; the boy recovers the ticket and dashes to the dining car in search of the conductor, climbing onto the roof from the rear platform. He meets a hobo camping on the roof, who offers him coffee and discusses the existence of Santa Claus and belief in ghosts. The hobo skis with the boy along the tops of the cars towards the train's coal tender, where the hobo disappears. Here, the boy discovers that the girl has been made to supervise the locomotive while engineers Steamer and Smokey replace the train's headlight. The train is forced to stop while the conductor disperses a herd of caribou, whereupon the engineers return to the cabin and the boy, girl and conductor remain on the catwalk on the front of the locomotive. The throttle's split pin sheers off, causing the train to accelerate uncontrollably down a 179-degree grade and onto a frozen lake, where the engineers repair the throttle with a hairpin and drift the train to realign it with the tracks. The boy returns the girl's ticket, and as the three return to the passenger car, the boy is accosted by an Ebenezer Scrooge marionette (controlled by the hobo), taunting him and calling him a doubter.
The train finally arrives at the North Pole, where the conductor announces that one of the passengers will be chosen to receive the first gift of Christmas, from Santa himself. The girl discovers Billy still alone in the rear car, and she and the boy persuade him to come along; however, the boy accidentally unhitches the car, sending it back along the line to a railway turntable in Santa's workshop. The children sneak through an elf command center and a gift sorting office before accidentally being dumped into Santa's sack, where they discover that the know-it-all stowed away along with them, hoping to open his Christmas presents early. The elves rescue them as Santa arrives, and the boy grows frustrated, unable to see Santa through the crowd. A jingle bell flies loose from the galloping reindeers' reins; the boy initially cannot hear it ring, until he finds it within himself to believe. He returns the bell to Santa as he passes, and Santa selects the boy to receive the first gift of Christmas. The boy asks to keep the jingle bell, and places it in his robe pocket.
Four of the elves use a handcar to trundle the wayward passenger car back to the train as the children all board the Polar Express to return home, but the then boy discovers that the pocket was torn and that the bell had fallen out. He returns home and awakens Christmas morning to find a present containing the bell. He holds it to his ear and shakes it; his parents, not believing in Santa, lament how the bell is "broken".
Cast[edit]
This film marks the final performance of actor Michael Jeter; Jeter died the year before the film's release.
Tom Hanks as the Hero Boy (motion-capture only), the Hero Boy's father, the Conductor, the Hobo, Santa Claus, and the Narrator
Daryl Sabara as the Hero Boy (voice)
Josh Hutcherson as the Hero Boy (additional motion-capture)
Leslie Zemeckis as Sister Sarah (motion-capture only) and the Hero Boy's mother
Isabella Peregrina as Sister Sarah (voice)
Ashly Holloway as Sister Sarah (additional motion-capture)
Eddie Deezen as Know-It-All
Jimmy 'Jax' Pinchak as Know-It-All (additional motion-capture)
Nona Gaye as the Hero Girl
Chantel Valdivieso as the Hero Girl (additional motion-capture)
Meagan Moore as the Hero Girl (singing voice)
Tinashe as the Hero Girl (motion-capture modeling)
Peter Scolari as Billy the Lonely Boy (motion-capture only)
Hayden McFarland as Billy the Lonely Boy (additional motion-capture)
Jimmy Bennett as Billy the Lonely Boy (voice)
Matthew Hall as Billy the Lonely Boy (singing voice)
Dylan Cash as Boy on Train (voice)
Brendan King and Andy Pellick as the Pastry Chefs
Josh Eli, Rolandas Hendricks, Jon Scott, Sean Scott, Mark Mendonca, Mark Goodman, Gregory Gast, and Gordon Hart as the Waiters
Andre Sogliuzzo as Smokey and Steamer (voice)
Michael Jeter as Smokey and Steamer (motion-capture only)
Chris Coppola as Gus the Toothless Boy and an Elf
Connor Matheus as the Toothless Boy (additional motion-capture)
Julene Renee as the Red Head Girl and an Elf
Phil Fondacaro, Debbie Lee Carrington, Mark Povinelli, and Ed Gale as Elves
Charles Fleischer as the Elf General
Steven Tyler as the Elf Lieutenant and the Elf Singer
Dante Pastula as the Little Boy
Eric Newton, Aidan O'Shea, Aaron Hendry, Kevin C. Carr, Bee Jay Joyer, Jena Carpenter, Karine Mauffrey, Beth Carpenter, Bill Forchion, Devin Henderson, and Sagiv Ben-Binyamin as Acrobatic Elves
Evan Sabara as a Young Boy (additional motion-capture)
Production[edit]
Architecture[edit]
Administration building of the Pullman Palace Car Company
The buildings at the North Pole refer to a number of buildings related to American railroading history. The buildings in the square at the city's center are loosely based on the Pullman Factory in Chicago's Pullman neighborhood.[5]
Polar Express Locomotive[edit]
Pere Marquette locomotive 1225, the basis for the Polar Express.
The locomotive featured in the film is an American 2-8-4 Berkshire type steam locomotive, with a cowcatcher, modeled after the Pere Marquette 1225, which had spent many years on static display near Spartan Stadium in East Lansing, Michigan on the campus of Michigan State University, where Chris Van Allsburg recalled playing on the engine when attending football games as a child.[6]
In July 2002, Warner Bros. approached the engine's owner, the Steam Railroading Institute, to study the engine.[7] The engine in the film is modeled from the PM #1225's drawings and the sounds from recordings made of the 1225 operating under steam.[8] The whistle, however, was taken from Sierra Railway #3.
IMAX 3D version[edit]
In addition to standard theatrical 35mm format, a 3-D version for IMAX was also released, generated from the same 3-D digital models used for the standard version.[9]
Home media release[edit]
The film was released on DVD as separated widescreen and full-screen versions in single and two-disc special editions (with bonus features) and on VHS on November 22, 2005, one year after the film came out.[10] It was released on Blu-ray with bonus features and presented in the original widescreen aspect ratio on October 30, 2007.
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: The Polar Express (soundtrack)
Performer(s)
Title
Length
Tom Hanks "The Polar Express" 3:25
Matthew Hall & Meagan Moore "When Christmas Comes to Town" 4:07
Steven Tyler "Rockin' on the Top of the World" 2:35
Josh Groban "Believe" 4:18
Tom Hanks "Hot Chocolate" 2:33
Alan Silvestri "Spirit of the Season" 2:34
Frank Sinatra "Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town" 2:35
Alan Silvestri "Seeing Is Believing" 3:47
Bing Crosby "White Christmas" 3:05
The Andrews Sisters "Winter Wonderland" 2:43
Perry Como &The Fontane Sisters "It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas" 2:40
Kate Smith "Silver Bells" 2:39
Bing Crosby & The Andrews Sisters "Here Comes Santa Claus (Right Down Santa Claus Lane)" 3:04
Alan Silvestri "Suite from the Polar Express" 6:02
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 61 out of 100 based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[11] On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 55% based on 202 reviews, with an average rating of 6.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Though the movie is visually stunning overall, the animation for the human characters isn't lifelike enough, and the story is padded."[12] Despite the polarized reception from critics, The Polar Express has been popular among audiences. The Independent reported in 2011 that the film "is now seen by many as a classic".[13] CinemaScore reported that audiences gave the film a rare "A+" grade.[14]
Roger Ebert gave the film his highest rating of four stars, saying, "There's a deeper, shivery tone, instead of the mindless jolliness of the usual Christmas movie." And "It has a haunting, magical quality ..." Acknowledging comments by other reviewers, Ebert said, "It's a little creepy. Not creepy in an unpleasant way, but in that sneaky, teasing way that lets you know eerie things could happen."[15] Richard Roeper gave a glowing review to the film as well, saying that it "remains true to the book, right down to the bittersweet final image."[this quote needs a citation] James Berardinelli gave it a 3.5/4, stating that it is "a delightful tale guaranteed to enthrall viewers of all ages", and ranked it as the 10th best film of 2004.[16]
The character design and animation were criticized for dipping into the uncanny valley.[17] Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film a 1 out of 4 stars, and called it "a failed and lifeless experiment in which everything goes wrong".[18] Stephanie Zacharek of Salon gave the film 1.5 stars out of 5 and said, "I could probably have tolerated the incessant jitteriness of The Polar Express if the look of it didn't give me the creeps."[19] Geoff Pevere of the Toronto Star stated, "If I were a child, I'd have nightmares. Come to think of it, I did anyway."[20] Paul Clinton from CNN called it "at best disconcerting, and at worst, a wee bit horrifying".[21]
Box office[edit]
The film opened at #2 and earned $23,323,463 from approximately 7,000 screens at 3,650 theaters, for a per-theater average of $6,390 and a per-screen average of $3,332 in its opening weekend. It also brought in a total of $30,629,146 since its Wednesday launch. The weekend total also included $2,100,000 from 59 IMAX theaters, for an IMAX theater average of $35,593, and had a $3,000,000 take since Wednesday. In its second weekend, it grossed another $15,668,101, averaging $4,293 from 3,650 venues and boosting the 12-day cumulative to $51,463,282 and over Thanksgiving weekend made another $19,389,927, averaging $5,312 from 3,650 venues and raising the 19-day cumulative to $81,479,861.[citation needed] The film has made $185,618,322 domestically (including IMAX re-releases), and $124,140,582 overseas for a total worldwide gross of $309,758,904.[2]
The film had its network TV premiere on ABC, December 1, 2006. The airing brought in 13.2 million viewers, winning its timeslot and ranking 20th in the Nielsen ratings that week, according to TVTango.com.
Awards and honors[edit]
The film was nominated for three Academy Awards:
Best Sound Editing (Randy Thom and Dennis Leonard)
Best Sound Mixing (Randy Thom, Tom Johnson, Dennis S. Sands and William B. Kaplan)
Best Original Song for "Believe."[22]
The film was nominated at the 3rd Visual Effects Society Awards in the category of "Outstanding Performance by an Animated Character in an Animated Motion Picture."[23]
In 2008, the American Film Institute nominated The Polar Express for its Top 10 Animated Films list.[24]
The "Polar Express Experience"[edit]
In November 2007, SeaWorld Orlando debuted the Polar Express Experience, a Motion Simulator ride based on the film. The attraction is a temporary replacement for the Wild Arctic attraction. The building housing the attraction was also temporarily re-themed to a railroad station and ride vehicles painted to resemble Polar Express passenger cars. The plot for the ride revolves around a trip to the North Pole on Christmas Eve. Guests feel the motion of the locomotive as well as the swinging of the train on ice and feeling of ice crumbling beneath them. The attraction was available until January 1, 2008,[25] and is now open annually during the Christmas season.
The 4D film, distributed by SimEx-Iwerks, has been shown at other amusement parks around the world including Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, Dollywood (during the annual Smoky Mountain Christmas event), Vancouver Aquarium (2009 — 2010),[26] and Warner Bros. Movie World (during the White Christmas events in 2010 and 2011).
Video game[edit]
Main article: The Polar Express (video game)
A video game based on the film was released on November 26, 2004 for GameCube, Game Boy Advance, PlayStation 2 and Windows, developed by Blue Tongue Entertainment and published by THQ.[27][28] The plot of the game is more different than the film version. Within this time, the Ebenezer Scrooge puppet who is set as the main antagonist of the game, attempts to prevent the children from believing in Santa Claus by stealing their tickets and trying to stop the children for reaching the North Pole.[29][30]
See also[edit]
List of 3D films
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "The Polar Express". American Film Institute. Retrieved 2016-12-22.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Polar Express". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
Jump up ^ Grover, Ronald (19 October 2001). "Can Polar Express Make the Grade?". Bloomberg BusinessWeek. Retrieved 2014-11-12.
Jump up ^ Rooney, David (October 24, 2004). "Review: 'The Polar Express'". Variety. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Ridin' the reels". The Chicago Tribune. October 7, 2007. p. 2. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ Detroit Free Press,November 4, 2004 "Meet Chris Van Allsburg"
Jump up ^ "Steam Railroading Institute History". Steam Railroading Institute. Retrieved August 23, 2015. July 2002: Warner Brothers arranges to use 1225’s image in “The Polar Express,”...
Jump up ^ Mills, Rcik (May 22, 2015). "Iconic steam engine offering rides from Mt. Pleasant". The Morning Sun. Retrieved August 23, 2015. The 1225’s blueprints were used as the prototype for the locomotive image, and its sounds were used to bring the Polar Express to life.
Jump up ^ B., Brian (November 23, 2011). "The Polar Express In IMAX 3D Returns to Theaters This Holiday Season". MovieWeb. Retrieved December 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ amazon.com, "The Polar Express (VHS)". Accessed December 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Polar Express". Metacritic. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ "The Polar Express (2005)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ "The 175m flop so bad it could end the 3D boom". The Independent. 21 March 2011. Retrieved 2014-11-12.
Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (August 19, 2011). "Why CinemaScore Matters for Box Office". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (November 9, 2004). "The Polar Express". Roger Ebert Reviews. Retrieved 2014-11-12.
Jump up ^ Berardinelli, James. "Polar Express, The (United States, 2004)". ReelViews.net. Retrieved 2017-10-13.
Jump up ^ Page-Kirby, Kristen (2015-05-07). "'The D Train' isn't actually about trains. But these 5 movies are". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ Travers, Peter (2004-11-18). "The Polar Express". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ Zacharek, Stephanie (2004-11-10). "The Polar Express". Salon. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ Herman, Barbara (2013-10-30). "The 10 Scariest Movies and Why They Creep Us Out". Newsweek. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ Clinton, Paul (2004-11-10). "Review: 'Polar Express' a creepy ride". CNN. Retrieved 2015-06-08.
Jump up ^ "Academy Awards Database: 2004 (77th)". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 2014-11-12.
Jump up ^ "3rd Annual VES Awards". Visual Effects Society. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AFI'S 10 Top 10 - Official Ballot" (PDF). AFI. 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 16, 2011. Retrieved September 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Polar Express Experience at SeaWorld Orlando Begins This Friday, November 12th..." Visit Tampa Bay. November 10, 2010. Retrieved 2014-11-12.
Jump up ^ "Polar Express 4-D Experience". November 30, 2009.
Jump up ^ Adams, David (May 4, 2004). "Pre-E3 2004: THQ Announces Lineup". IGN. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
Jump up ^ "PlayStation Games & Media - Polar Express". PlayStation. Archived from the original on December 24, 2014. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Casamassina, Matt (November 8, 2004). "The Polar Express (GCN, PS2)". IGN. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
Jump up ^ Gerstmann, Jeff (May 12, 2004). "The Polar Express E3 2004 Preshow First Look". GameSpot. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Polar Express
Official website
The Polar Express on IMDb
The Polar Express at the TCM Movie Database
The Polar Express at Rotten Tomatoes
The Polar Express at Box Office Mojo
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Robert Zemeckis
I Wanna Hold Your Hand (1978)
Used Cars (1980)
Romancing the Stone (1984)
Back to the Future (1985)
Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988)
Back to the Future Part II (1989)
Back to the Future Part III (1990)
Two-Fisted Tales (1992)
Death Becomes Her (1992)
Forrest Gump (1994)
Contact (1997)
What Lies Beneath (2000)
Cast Away (2000)
The Polar Express (2004)
Beowulf (2007)
A Christmas Carol (2009)
Flight (2012)
The Walk (2015)
Doc Brown Saves the World (2015)
Allied (2016)
The Women of Marwen (2018)
[show]
v
t
e
Works by Chris Van Allsburg
Picture books
The Garden of Abdul Gasazi (1979)
Jumanji (1981)
The Wreck of the Zephyr (1983)
The Mysteries of Harris Burdick (1984)
The Enchanted World: Ghosts (1984)
The Polar Express (1985)
The Enchanted World: Dwarfs (1985)
The Stranger (1986)
The Z Was Zapped (1987)
Two Bad Ants (1988)
The Wretched Stone (1991)
The Widow's Broom (1992)
The Sweetest Fig (1993)
The Mysteries of Harris Burdick (1994)
Bad Day at Riverbend (1995)
Zathura (2002)
Probuditi! (2006)
Queen of the Falls (2011)
Books illustrated
A City in Winter (1996)
Film credits
Jumanji (1995)
The Polar Express (2004)
Zathura: A Space Adventure (2005)
Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (2017)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 202976160
GND: 4809720-2
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Polar_Express_(film)&oldid=828001735"
Categories:
2004 films
English-language films
2004 computer-animated films
2000s 3D films
2000s American animated films
2000s adventure films
Animated films about trains
2000s fantasy films
2000s musical films
American films
American 3D films
American children's animated fantasy films
American Christmas films
American musical fantasy films
Animated films based on children's books
Animated musical films
Computer-animated films
Animated Christmas films
Fictional trains
IMAX films
Performance capture in film
Santa Claus in film
Castle Rock Entertainment films
ImageMovers films
Playtone films
Shangri-La Entertainment films
Films scored by Alan Silvestri
Films directed by Robert Zemeckis
Films produced by Gary Goetzman
Films set in the Arctic
Screenplays by Robert Zemeckis
Warner Bros. animated films
Warner Bros. films
Films set in Michigan
Films set in Canada
Films set in the 1950s
Films set on trains
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from June 2013
Articles with unsourced quotes
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015
Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Български
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
한국어
Հայերեն
Italiano
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Shqip
Simple English
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 27 February 2018, at 23:59.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: scope style

attrs: href title

value: li

values:
/wiki/William_Broyles,_Jr.
mw-redirect
William Broyles, Jr.

values:
/wiki/Warner_Bros._Pictures
mw-redirect
Warner Bros. Pictures

values:
/wiki/Christmas_film
mw-redirect
Christmas film

values:
/wiki/Jimmy_%27Jax%27_Pinchak
mw-redirect
Jimmy 'Jax' Pinchak

values:
/wiki/Andre_Sogliuzzo
mw-redirect
Andre Sogliuzzo

values:
/wiki/Spartan_Stadium,_East_Lansing
mw-redirect
Spartan Stadium, East Lansing

values: The text near this tag needs citation. (June 2015)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Edit section: The "Polar Express Experience"

values:
/wiki/Motion_Simulator
mw-redirect
Motion Simulator

values: White Christmas (Warner Bros. Movie World)

values:
/wiki/List_of_3D_films
mw-redirect
List of 3D films

values:
/wiki/Bloomberg_BusinessWeek
mw-redirect
Bloomberg BusinessWeek

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.mstrp.com/history.php

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.visitvanaqua.org/news/4D

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0338348/
external text

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Enchanted_World_Series
mw-redirect
Enchanted World Series

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/202976160

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4809720-2

values: Category:American children's animated fantasy films

values: Category:Animated films based on children's books

values: Category:Castle Rock Entertainment films

values: Category:Films directed by Robert Zemeckis

values: Category:Films produced by Gary Goetzman

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015

values: Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/The_Polar_Express_(film)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: القطار القطبي السريع (فيلم) – Arabic

values: Полярен експрес – Bulgarian

values: قطار سریع‌السیر قطبی – Persian

values: 폴라 익스프레스 – Korean

values: Բևեռային ճեպընթաց (մուլտֆիլմ) – Armenian

values: ポーラー・エクスプレス – Japanese

values: Полярный экспресс – Russian

values: The Polar Express (movie) – Simple English

values: เดอะโพลาร์เอ็กซ์เพรส – Thai

values: Полярний експрес – Ukrainian

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Polar_Express_film rootpage-The_Polar_Express_film skin-vector action-view