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United States women's national ice hockey team
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United States
Nickname(s)
Team USA
Association
USA Hockey
General Manager
Reagan Carey
Head coach
Robb Stauber
Assistants
Brett Strot
Paul Mara
Captain
Meghan Duggan
Most games
Angela Ruggiero (257)
Top scorer
Natalie Darwitz (114)
Most points
Natalie Darwitz (237)
Team colors
IIHF code
USA
Ranking
Current IIHF
1
Highest IIHF
1 (first in 2009)
Lowest IIHF
3 (2007)
First international
Canada 2–1 United States
(North York or Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; April 21, 1987)
Biggest win
United States 20–0 Netherlands
(North York or Mississauga, Ontario, Canada; April 23, 1987)
Biggest defeat
Canada 8–0 United States
(Tampere, Finland; April 26, 1992)
IIHF World Championships
Appearances
18 (first in 1990)
Best result
Gold: (2005, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017)
Olympics
Appearances
6 (first in 1998)
Medals
Gold: (1998, 2018)
Silver: (2002, 2010, 2014)
Bronze: (2006)
Medal record
Olympic Games
1998 Nagano Team
2018 Pyeongchang Team
2002 Salt Lake City Team
2010 Vancouver Team
2014 Sochi Team
2006 Turin Team
World Championship
2005 Sweden
2008 China
2009 Finland
2011 Switzerland
2013 Canada
2015 Sweden
2016 Canada
2017 United States
1990 Canada
1992 Finland
1994 United States
1997 Canada
1999 Finland
2000 Canada
2001 United States
2004 Canada
2007 Canada
2012 United States
The United States women's national ice hockey team is controlled by USA Hockey. The U.S. has been one of the most successful women's ice hockey teams in international play, having won gold or silver in every major tournament with the exception of the 2006 Winter Olympics, where they captured bronze. As of 2018, the U.S. has 75,832 female players.[1]
In 1998, the women's Olympic hockey team was named the USOC Team of the Year. In April 2015, the women's national ice hockey team was named the USOC Team of the Month.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Tournament record[3]
1.1 Olympic Games[4]
1.2 World Championship[5]
1.3 4 Nations Cup[6]
2 Team
2.1 Current roster
3 Facilities
4 Threatened 2017 World Championship boycott
5 See also
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Tournament record[3][edit]
Olympic Games[4][edit]
Games
GP
W
L
T
GF
GA
Coach
Captain
Round
Position
1998 Nagano 6 6 0 0 36 8 Smith, BenBen Smith Granato, CammiCammi Granato Gold medal game 01 ! Gold
2002 Salt Lake City 5 4 1 0 33 4 Smith, BenBen Smith Granato, CammiCammi Granato Gold medal game 02 ! Silver
2006 Turin 5 4 1 0 24 6 Smith, BenBen Smith Wendell-Pohl, KrissyKrissy Wendell-Pohl Bronze medal game 03 ! Bronze
2010 Vancouver 5 4 1 — 40 4 Johnson, MarkMark Johnson Darwitz, NatalieNatalie Darwitz Gold medal game 02 ! Silver
2014 Sochi 5 3 2 — 22 8 Stone, KateyKatey Stone Duggan, MeghanMeghan Duggan Gold medal game 02 ! Silver
2018 Pyeongchang 5 4 1 — 17 5 Stauber, RobbRobb Stauber Duggan, MeghanMeghan Duggan Gold medal game 01 ! Gold
World Championship[5][edit]
1990 — 02 ! Silver
1992 — 02 ! Silver
1994 — 02 ! Silver
1997 — 02 ! Silver
1999 — 02 ! Silver
2000 — 02 ! Silver
2001 — 02 ! Silver
2004 — 02 ! Silver
2005 — 01 ! Gold
2007 — 02 ! Silver
2008 — 01 ! Gold
2009 — 01 ! Gold
2011 — 01 ! Gold
2012 — 02 ! Silver
2013 — 01 ! Gold
2015 — 01 ! Gold
2016 — 01 ! Gold
2017 — 01 ! Gold
4 Nations Cup[6][edit]
1996 — 02 ! Silver
1997 — 01 ! Gold
1998 — 02 ! Silver
1999 — 02 ! Silver
2000 — 02 ! Silver
2002 — 02 ! Silver
2003 — 01 ! Gold
2004 — 02 ! Silver
2005 — 02 ! Silver
2006 — 02 ! Silver
2007 — 02 ! Silver
2008 — 01 ! Gold
2009 — 02 ! Silver
2010 — 02 ! Silver
2011 — 01 ! Gold
2012 — 01 ! Gold
2013 — 03 ! Bronze
2014 — 02 ! Silver
2015 — 01 ! Gold
2016 — 01 ! Gold
2017 — 01 ! Gold
Team[edit]
Current roster[edit]
The following is the United States roster for the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2018 Winter Olympics.[7][8]
view
Head coach: Robb Stauber Associate coaches: Brett Strot, Paul Mara
No.
Pos.
Name
Height
Weight
Birthdate
2017–18 team
2 D Lee Stecklein 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) 7001789250723800000♠174 lb (79 kg) 000000001994-04-23-0000April 23, 1994 Univ. of Minnesota
3 D Cayla Barnes 5 ft 1 in (1.55 m) 7001662244860200000♠146 lb (66 kg) 000000001999-01-07-0000January 7, 1999 Boston College
5 D Megan Keller 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) 7001730283715700000♠161 lb (73 kg) 000000001996-05-01-0000May 1, 1996 Boston College
6 D Kali Flanagan 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m) 7001639565241700000♠141 lb (64 kg) 000000001995-09-19-0000September 19, 1995 Boston College
7 F Monique Lamoureux-Morando 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) 7001671316707600000♠148 lb (67 kg) 000000001989-07-03-0000July 3, 1989 Minnesota Whitecaps
8 D Emily Pfalzer 5 ft 3 in (1.60 m) 7001571526386200000♠126 lb (57 kg) 000000001993-06-14-0000June 14, 1993 Buffalo Beauts
10 F Meghan Duggan – C 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) 7001739355563100000♠163 lb (74 kg) 000000001987-09-03-0000September 3, 1987 Boston Pride
11 F Haley Skarupa 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) 7001639565241700000♠141 lb (64 kg) 000000001994-01-03-0000January 3, 1994 Boston Pride
12 F Kelly Pannek 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) 7001748427410500000♠165 lb (75 kg) 000000001995-12-29-0000December 29, 1995 Univ. of Minnesota
14 F Brianna Decker – A 5 ft 4 in (1.63 m) 7001680388555000000♠150 lb (68 kg) 000000001991-05-13-0000May 13, 1991 Boston Pride
17 F Jocelyne Lamoureux-Davidson 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) 7001680388555000000♠150 lb (68 kg) 000000001989-07-03-0000July 3, 1989 Minnesota Whitecaps
19 F Gigi Marvin 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) 7001721211868300000♠159 lb (72 kg) 000000001987-03-07-0000March 7, 1987 Boston Pride
20 F Hannah Brandt 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m) 7001680388555000000♠150 lb (68 kg) 000000001993-11-27-0000November 27, 1993 Minnesota Whitecaps
21 F Hilary Knight 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) 7001789250723800000♠174 lb (79 kg) 000000001989-07-12-0000July 12, 1989 Boston Pride
22 D Kacey Bellamy – A 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) 7001662244860200000♠146 lb (66 kg) 000000001987-04-22-0000April 22, 1987 Boston Pride
23 D Sidney Morin 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) 7001580598233600000♠128 lb (58 kg) 000000001995-06-06-0000June 6, 1995 Modo Hockey
24 F Dani Cameranesi 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) 7001671316707600000♠148 lb (67 kg) 000000001995-06-30-0000June 30, 1995 Univ. of Minnesota
26 F Kendall Coyne 5 ft 2 in (1.57 m) 7001557918615100000♠123 lb (56 kg) 000000001992-05-25-0000May 25, 1992 Minnesota Whitecaps
28 F Amanda Kessel 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) 7001621421546900000♠137 lb (62 kg) 000000001991-08-28-0000August 28, 1991 Metropolitan Riveters
29 G Nicole Hensley 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) 7001698532249800000♠154 lb (70 kg) 000000001994-06-23-0000June 23, 1994 Lindenwood Univ.
33 G Alex Rigsby 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m) 7001680388555000000♠150 lb (68 kg) 000000001992-01-03-0000January 3, 1992 Minnesota Whitecaps
35 G Maddie Rooney 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) 7001662244860200000♠146 lb (66 kg) 000000001997-07-01-0000July 1, 1997 Univ. of Minnesota Duluth
37 F Amanda Pelkey 5 ft 3 in (1.60 m) 7001607813775800000♠134 lb (61 kg) 000000001993-05-29-0000May 29, 1993 Boston Pride
Facilities[edit]
For the 2010 Olympics, the team's training and development program was located in Blaine, Minnesota, at the Schwan Super Rink, the largest ice facility in the world. For the 2014 Olympics, the team's training was located in the Greater Boston region at the Edge Sports Center in Bedford, Massachusetts, while off-ice fitness facility was located at the Mike Boyle Strength & Conditioning Center in Woburn, Massachusetts.[9]
Threatened 2017 World Championship boycott[edit]
On 15 March 2017, players for the U.S. women's ice hockey team announced that they would boycott the 2017 World Championship over inequitable support and conditions for women's ice hockey unless concessions were made by USA Hockey.[10] Members of the team including captain Meghan Duggan made public statements regarding poor pay and conditions for female hockey players. The players were publicly supported by the players' associations for the NBA, WNBA, MLB and the NHLPA. On 28 March 2017, the players agreed to play in the World Championship after an agreement was struck with USA Hockey to increase player pay and support for women's development.[11]
See also[edit]
List of United States national women's ice hockey team rosters
2009–10 United States women's national ice hockey team
2010–11 United States women's national ice hockey team
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "United States". iihf.com. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ "U.S. Olympic Committee Announces Best Of April Honors For Team USA Awards, Presented By Dow". teamusa.org. Retrieved May 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ https://teamusa.usahockey.com/page/show/2389107-women-s-olympic-teams
Jump up ^ https://teamusa.usahockey.com/page/show/2429450-women-s-world-championship
Jump up ^ https://teamusa.usahockey.com/page/show/2370742-four-nations-cup
Jump up ^ "2018 U.S. Olympic Women's Hockey Team". USA Hockey. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ Team Roster United States
Jump up ^ "US women's hockey team's training emphasized lower body strength". Boston Globe. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ Associated Press (March 29, 2017). "US women's hockey team strike 'historic' pay deal and agree to end boycott". The Guardian. Retrieved April 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Guardian Sport (March 26, 2017). "USA Hockey rebuffed as replacements stand in support of women's boycott". The Guardian. Retrieved April 15, 2017.
Further reading[edit]
Theberge, Nancy (2000). Higher goals: women's ice hockey and the politics of gender. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0791446417. OCLC 42771390.
Ruggiero, Angela (2006). Breaking the ice : my journey to Olympic hockey, the Ivy League, and beyond (1st ed ed.). East Bridgewater, MA: Drummond Publishing Company. ISBN 1597630098. OCLC 62261070. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Scott, Richard (2017). Who's Who in Women's Hockey Guide 2018. Blurb, Incorporated. ISBN 1364113309. OCLC 990850828.
Smith, Lissa (1998). Nike is a goddess : the history of women in sports. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press. ISBN 0871137267. OCLC 39313490.
Milner, Adrienne N (2017). Women in Sports : Breaking Barriers, Facing Obstacles. Braddock, Jomills H. Santa Barbara, California. ISBN 9781440851254. OCLC 968151835.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to United States women's national ice hockey team.
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Train wheel
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Flanged railway wheel
Railroad car wheels are affixed to a straight axle, such that both wheels rotate in unison. This is called a wheelset.
A train wheel or rail wheel is a type of wheel specially designed for use on rail tracks. A rolling component is typically pressed onto an axle and mounted directly on a rail car or locomotive or indirectly on a bogie (UK), also called a truck (North America). Wheels are cast or forged (wrought) and are heat-treated to have a specific hardness. New wheels are trued, using a lathe, to a specific profile before being pressed onto an axle. All wheel profiles need to be periodically monitored to ensure proper wheel-rail interface. Improperly trued wheels increase rolling resistance, reduce energy efficiency and may create unsafe operation. A railroad wheel typically consists of two main parts: the wheel itself, and the tire (or tyre) around the outside. A rail tire is usually made from steel, and is typically heated and pressed onto the wheel, where it remains firmly as it shrinks and cools. Monobloc wheels do not have encircling tires, while resilient rail wheels have a resilient material, such as rubber, between the wheel and tire.
Contents
[hide]
1 Wheel geometry and flange
2 Wheel arrangement
3 Wheel-related topics
4 Parts of a rail wheel
5 Wheels for road-rail vehicles
6 Tire
7 Tire installation
8 Causes of damage
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Wheel geometry and flange[edit]
Railway wheel flange (left)
Tram wheel flange (right)
Most train wheels have a conical geometry, which is the primary means of keeping the train's motion aligned with the track.[1] Train wheels have a flange on one side to keep the wheels, and hence the train, running on the rails, when the limits of the geometry-based alignment are reached, e.g. due to some emergency or defect. See Hunting oscillation. Some wheels have a cylindrical geometry, where flanges are essential to keep the train on the rail track.
Wheel arrangement[edit]
Main article: Wheel arrangement
Wheel-related topics[edit]
Driving wheel: A wheel in contact with the rail that also propels a locomotive.
Bogie
Flat: A wheel defect where the tread of a wheel has a flat spot and is no longer round; flats can be heard as regular clicking or banging noises when the wheel passes by. This is caused either by a locked bearing, or a brake that was not fully released before the car was moved, dragging the wheel without turning.
Pony truck: A two-wheel truck (US) or bogie (UK) at the front of a locomotive
Sand: granular material poured on the rail in front of the drive wheels to improve traction. (Sandite is a more specialised form for a similar purpose.)
Slippery rail: The condition of fallen leaves or other debris lying on and clinging to a railroad track that could cause train wheel slippage, resulting in premature wheel wear and train delays.
Torpedo (US): A small explosive device strapped to the top of the rail to alert an approaching train of danger ahead. A torpedo creates a loud noise upon contact with a locomotive wheel, signaling the engineer to reduce speed to 20 mph or less; the train cannot resume its original speed until it has traveled at least a mile beyond where it encountered the device. Traditionally used in pairs to ensure that the sound registered with train crews, torpedoes today are essentially obsolete as modern locomotive cabs' soundproof construction renders the devices useless. (UK:Detonator)
Trailing wheel
Wheel climb: The process of a wheel climbing up and often off the inside or gauge side of the rail. It is a major source of derailments. Wheel climb is more likely to occur in curves with wheels whose flanges are worn or have improper angles. See Rail adhesion.
Wheel flange: The inner section of a wheel that rides between the two rails. The angle between the wheel tread and flange is often specific to the rail to prevent wheel climb and possible derailments. See Rail adhesion. The wheel flange is part of the wheel tire.
Wheel tapper: An historical railway occupation; people employed to tap train wheels with hammers and listen to the sound made to determine the integrity of the wheel; cracked wheels, like cracked bells, do not sound the same as their intact counterparts. The job was associated with the steam age, but they still operate in some eastern European countries. Modern planned maintenance procedures have mostly obviated the need for the wheel-tapper.
Wheel tread: The slightly conical section (often with a 1 in 20 slope) of a railroad wheel that is the primary contact point with the rail. See Rail adhesion.
Wheelset: the wheel-axle assembly of a rail vehicle. The frame assembly beneath each end of a car, railcar or locomotive that holds the wheelsets is called the bogie (or truck).
Parts of a rail wheel[edit]
Crank pin: A pin protruding from a wheel into a main or coupling rod.
Wheels for road-rail vehicles[edit]
The small rail wheels fitted to road-rail vehicles allow them to be stored away when the vehicle is in road-going mode.
Wheels used for road-rail vehicles are normally smaller than those found on other types of rolling stock (such as locomotives or carriages). This is because the wheel has to be stored clear of the ground when the vehicle is in road-going mode - Such wheels can be as small as 245 mm (9.65 in) in diameter. In Australia, wheels for Road-rail vehicles should comply with the requirements of AS7514.4 which is the standard for infrastructure maintenance vehicle wheels.
Tire[edit]
Main article: Railway tire
The wheels of many rail vehicles, especially steam locomotives and older types of rolling stock are fitted with steel tires (or tyres in British English, Australian English and others) to provide a replaceable wearing element on a costly wheel.
These steel tires should not be confused with the tires fitted to rubber-tyred metros and people movers, for example some lines of the Paris Métro, the Mexico City Metro, the Caracas Metro, the Montreal Metro, Sapporo Subway, Seattle Center Monorail, Taipei Rapid Transit System and the Santiago Metro.
Tire installation[edit]
Steel tire on a steam locomotive's driving wheel is heated with gas flames to expand and loosen it so it may be slipped over the wheel.
Replacing a whole wheel because of a worn contact surface is expensive, so older types of railway wheels were fitted with replaceable steel tires. The tire is a hoop of steel that is fitted around the steel wheel centre. The tire is machined with a shoulder on its outer face to locate it on the wheel centre, and a groove on the inside diameter of the flange face. The inside diameter of the tire is machined to be slightly less than the diameter of the wheel centre on which it is mounted, to give an interference fit.
The tire is fitted by heating to a controlled temperature, avoiding overheating. This causes the tire to expand. The wheel centre, usually already mounted on the axle, is lowered into the tire which is flange side up. The tire cools, and the retaining ring (a shaped steel bar rolled into a hoop) is fitted into the groove. Hydraulically operated rolls swage the groove down on to the retaining ring.
The tire is primarily held in place by its interference fit. The shoulder on the outside and the retaining ring also keep the tire in place if the interference fit is lost. This is most often due to severe drag braking down a gradient, or due to an error in the machining.
Removal of a worn tire is by machining out the retaining ring and heating the tire to relax the interference fit.
Some steam locomotive wheels had tires bolted through the rim, or with a second smaller shoulder machined on the inside face of the tire. This shoulder was severely limited in size as it had to pass over the wheel centre for assembly.
Tires of different designs were fitted to wheels with wooden centers (Mansell wheels in the UK) and to various other types.
The use of tires is becoming obsolete. The utilisation of traditional freight wagons was often so low that tires never needed renewal, so it was cheaper to fit a one-piece ("monoblock") wheel. Monoblock wheels are lighter and offer better integrity as there is no tire to come loose. Modern flow-line repair lines are disrupted by the inspection of the wheel centre once the tire is removed, possibly generating extra rectification work, and the need to make each tire fit its allocated wheel centre. Monoblock wheels are now more economical.
Causes of damage[edit]
The most usual cause of damage is drag braking on severe gradients. Because the brake blocks apply directly on the tire, it is heated up, relaxing the interference fit. It is not feasible to fit the tire with such a heavy interference as to eliminate this risk entirely, and the retaining ring will ensure that the tire can only rotate on the wheel center, maintaining its alignment. In rare instances the rotation could be so severe as to wear the retaining ring down till it breaks, which could result in derailment.
Severe braking or low adhesion may stop the rotation of the wheels while the vehicle is still moving can cause a flat spot on the tire and localized heat damage to the tire material.
Tires are reasonably thick, about 3 inches (76 mm), giving plenty of room for wear. Worn tires or tires with flats are re-profiled on a wheel lathe if there is sufficient thickness of material remaining.
See also[edit]
Adhesive weight
Conical shape
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Liszewski, Andrew (15 March 2017). "The Reason Trains Have Angled Wheels Is Incredibly Clever". Gizmodo. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
ISO 1005 Parts 1-9 BS 5892 Parts 1-6 AS7414.4
External links[edit]
"APTA PR-CS-RP-003-98 Recommended Practice for Developing a Clearance Diagram for Passenger Equipment 5.3.2.1 Design tolerances" (PDF). APTA.com. American Public Transportation Association. 1998-03-26. Retrieved 2015-01-17.
Train wheels
[hide]
v
t
e
Locomotive running and valve gear
Valve gear types
Allan
Baker
Bagnall-Price
Baguley
Bulleid
Caprotti
Gab
Gooch
Gresley
Hackworth
Joy
Kuhn slide
Lentz
Southern
Stephenson
Walschaerts
Bogie types
AAR type A switcher truck
Arnoux system
Articulated bogie
Bissel truck
Blomberg B
Cleminson system
Grovers bogie
Jacobs bogie
Krauss-Helmholtz bogie
Mason Bogie
Pony truck
Radial steering truck
Scheffel bogie
Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt II bogie
Other running gear elements
Adams axle
Axlebox
Beugniot lever
Carrying wheel
Coupled wheel
Driving wheel
Equalising beam
Gölsdorf axle
Journal box
Klien-Lindner axle
Leading wheel
Luttermöller axle
Radial axle
Railway tire
Road–rail vehicle
Trailing wheel
Train wheel
Wheelset
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Train wheels
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