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Stratosphere
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The layer of the atmosphere above the troposphere
For other uses, see Stratosphere (disambiguation).
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Space Shuttle Endeavour appears to straddle the stratosphere and mesosphere in this photo. "The orange layer is the troposphere, where all of the weather and clouds which we typically watch and experience are generated and contained. This orange layer gives way to the whitish Stratosphere and then into the Mesosphere."[1] (The shuttle is actually orbiting at more than 320 km (200 mi) in altitude, far above this transition layer.)
Diagram showing the five primary layers of the Earth's atmosphere: exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and troposphere. The layers are to scale. From Earth's surface to the top of the stratosphere (50km) is just under 1% of Earth's radius.
This image shows the temperature trend in the lower stratosphere as measured by a series of satellite-based instruments between January 1979 and December 2005. The lower stratosphere is centered around 18 kilometers above Earth's surface. The stratosphere image is dominated by blues and greens, which indicates a cooling over time.[2]
The stratosphere (/ˈstrætəˌsfɪər, -toʊ-/[3][4]) is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere. The stratosphere is stratified in temperature, with warmer layers higher and cooler layers closer to the Earth; this increase of temperature with altitude is a result of the absorption of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation by the ozone layer[5]. This is in contrast to the troposphere, near the Earth's surface, where temperature decreases with altitude. The border between the troposphere and stratosphere, the tropopause, marks where this temperature inversion begins. Near the equator, the stratosphere starts at as high as 20 km (66,000 ft; 12 mi), around 10 km (33,000 ft; 6.2 mi) at midlatitudes, and at about 7 km (23,000 ft; 4.3 mi) at the poles[5]. Temperatures range from an average of −51 °C (−60 °F; 220 K) near the tropopause to an average of −15 °C (5.0 °F; 260 K) near the mesosphere [6]. Stratospheric temperatures also vary within the stratosphere as the seasons change, reaching particularly low temperatures in the polar night (winter) [7]. Winds in the stratosphere can far exceed those in the troposphere, reaching near 60 m/s (220 km/h; 130 mph) in the Southern polar vortex [7].
Contents
1 Ozone and temperature
2 Aircraft flight
3 Circulation and mixing
4 Life
4.1 Bacteria
4.2 Birds
5 Discovery
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Ozone and temperature[edit]
The mechanism describing the formation of the ozone layer was described by British mathematician Sydney Chapman in 1930. Molecular oxygen absorbs high energy sunlight in the UV-C region, at wavelengths shorter than about 240 nm. The oxygen atoms produced combine with molecular oxygen to form ozone. Ozone in turn is photolysed much more rapidly than molecular oxygen as it has a stronger absorption that occurs at longer wavelengths, where the solar emission is more intense. Ozone (O3) photolysis produces O and O2. The oxygen atom product combines with atmospheric molecular oxygen to reform O3, releasing heat. The rapid photolysis and reformation of ozone heats the stratosphere resulting in a temperature inversion. This increase of temperature with altitude is characteristic of the stratosphere; its resistance to vertical mixing means that it is stratified. Within the stratosphere temperatures increase with altitude (see temperature inversion); the top of the stratosphere has a temperature of about 270 K (−3°C or 26.6°F).[8] This vertical stratification, with warmer layers above and cooler layers below, makes the stratosphere dynamically stable: there is no regular convection and associated turbulence in this part of the atmosphere. However, exceptionally energetic convection processes, such as volcanic eruption columns and overshooting tops in severe supercell thunderstorms, may carry convection into the stratosphere on a very local and temporary basis. Overall the attenuation of solar UV at wavelengths that damage DNA by the ozone layer allows life to exist on the surface of the planet outside of the ocean. All air entering the stratosphere must pass through the tropopause, the temperature minimum that divides the troposphere and stratosphere. The rising air is literally freeze dried; the stratosphere is a very dry place. The top of the stratosphere is called the stratopause, above which the temperature decreases with height.
Sydney Chapman gave a correct description of the source of stratospheric ozone and its ability to generate heat within the stratosphere; he also wrote that ozone may be destroyed by reacting with atomic oxygen, making two molecules of molecular oxygen. We now know that there are additional ozone loss mechanisms, and that these mechanisms are catalytic meaning that a small amount of the catalyst can destroy a great number of ozone molecules. The first is due to the reaction of hydroxyl radicals OH· with ozone. OH is formed by the reaction of electronically excited oxygen atoms produced by ozone photolysis, with water vapor. While the stratosphere is dry, additional water vapor is produced in situ by the photochemical oxidation of methane (CH4). The HO2 radical produced by the reaction of OH with O3 is recycled to OH by reaction with oxygen atoms or ozone. In addition, solar proton events can significantly effect ozone levels via Radiolysis with the subsequent formation of OH . Laughing gas or Nitrous oxide (N2O) is produced by biological activity at the surface and is oxidised to NO in the stratosphere; the so-called NOx radical cycles also deplete stratospheric ozone. Finally, chlorofluorocarbon molecules are photolysed in the stratosphere releasing chlorine atoms that react with ozone giving ClO and O2. The chlorine atoms are recycled when ClO reacts with O in the upper stratosphere, or when ClO reacts with itself in the chemistry of the Antarctic ozone hole. Paul J. Crutzen, Mario J. Molina and F. Sherwood Rowland were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995 for their work describing the formation and decomposition of stratospheric ozone.
Aircraft flight[edit]
Commercial airliners typically cruise at altitudes of 9–12 km (30,000–39,000 ft) which is in the lower reaches of the stratosphere in temperate latitudes.[9] This optimizes fuel efficiency, mostly due to the low temperatures encountered near the tropopause and low air density, reducing parasitic drag on the airframe. Stated another way, it allows the airliner to fly faster while maintaining lift equal to the weight of the plane. (The fuel consumption depends on the drag, which is related to the lift by the lift-to-drag ratio.) It also allows the airplane to stay above the turbulent weather of the troposphere.
The Concorde aircraft cruised at mach 2 at about 18,000 m (59,000 ft), and the SR-71 cruised at mach 3 at 26,000 m (85,000 ft), all within the stratosphere.
Because the temperature in the tropopause and lower stratosphere is largely constant with increasing altitude, very little convection and its resultant turbulence occurs there. Most turbulence at this altitude is caused by variations in the jet stream and other local wind shears, although areas of significant convective activity (thunderstorms) in the troposphere below may produce turbulence as a result of convective overshoot.
On October 24, 2014, Alan Eustace became the record holder for reaching the altitude record for a manned balloon at 135,890 ft (41,419 m). Dr Eustace also broke the world records for vertical speed skydiving, reached with a peak velocity of 1,321 km/h (822 mph) and total freefall distance of 123,414 ft (37,617 m) – lasting four minutes and 27 seconds.[10]
Circulation and mixing[edit]
The stratosphere is a region of intense interactions among radiative, dynamical, and chemical processes, in which the horizontal mixing of gaseous components proceeds much more rapidly than does vertical mixing. The overall circulation of the stratosphere is termed as Brewer-Dobson circulation, which is a single celled circulation, spanning from the tropics up to the poles, consisting of the tropical upwelling of air from the tropical troposphere and the extra-tropical downwelling of air. Stratospheric Circulation is a pre-dominantly wave-driven circulation in that the tropical upwelling is induced by the wave force by the westward propagating Rossby Waves, in a phenomenon called Rossby-Wave pumping.
An interesting feature of stratospheric circulation is the QBO in the tropical latitudes, which is driven by gravity waves that are convectively generated in the troposphere. The QBO induces a secondary circulation that is important for the global stratospheric transport of tracers, such as ozone[11] or water vapor.
Another large-scale feature that significantly influences Stratospheric Circulation is the breaking planetary waves[12] resulting in intense quasi-horizontal mixing in the midlatitudes. This breaking is much more pronounced in the winter hemisphere where this region is called the surf zone. This breaking is caused due to a highly non-linear interaction between the vertically propagating planetary waves and the isolated high potential vorticity region known as Polar Vortex. The resultant breaking causes large scale mixing of air and other trace gases throughout the midlatitude surf zone. The timescale of this rapid mixing is much smaller than the much slower timescales of upwelling in the tropics and downwelling in the extratropics.
During northern hemispheric winters, sudden stratospheric warmings, caused by the absorption of Rossby waves in the stratosphere, can be observed in approximately half of winters when easterly winds develop in the stratosphere. These events often precede unusual winter weather [13] and may even be responsible for the cold European winters of the 1960s.[14]
Stratospheric warming of the polar vortex results in its weakening. When the vortex is strong, it keeps the cold, high pressure air masses contained in the arctic; when the vortex weakens, air masses move equatorward, and results in rapid changes of weather in the mid latitudes.
Life[edit]
Bacteria[edit]
Bacterial life survives in the stratosphere, making it a part of the biosphere.[15] In 2001 an Indian experiment, involving a high-altitude balloon, was carried out at a height of 41 kilometres and a sample of dust was collected with bacterial material inside.[16]
Birds[edit]
Some bird species have been reported to fly at the lower levels of the stratosphere. On November 29, 1973, a Rüppell's vulture (Gyps rueppelli) was ingested into a jet engine 11,278 m (37,000 ft) above the Ivory Coast, and bar-headed geese (Anser indicus) reportedly overfly Mount Everest's summit, which is 8,848 m (29,029 ft).[17][18][19]
Discovery[edit]
Léon Teisserenc de Bort from France and Richard Assmann from Germany, in separate publications and following years of observations, announced the discovery of an isothermal layer at around 11–14 km, which is the base of the lower stratosphere. This was based on temperature profiles from unmanned instrumented balloons.[20]
See also[edit]
Atmospheric sciences portal
Le Grand Saut
Lockheed U-2
Paris Gun (projectile was the first artificial object to reach stratosphere)
Red Bull Stratos
RQ-4 Global Hawk
Service ceiling
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "ISS022-E-062672 caption". NASA. Archived from the original on 19 November 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Atmospheric Temperature Trends, 1979–2005". NASA/Earth Observatory. 6 July 2007. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Jones, Daniel (2003) [1917], Peter Roach, James Hartmann and Jane Setter, eds., English Pronouncing Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 3-12-539683-2 CS1 maint: Uses editors parameter (link)
Jump up ^ "Stratosphere". Merriam-Webster Dictionary.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Stratosphere - overview". scied.ucar.edu. University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. Retrieved 25 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "NWS JetStream - Layers of the Atmosphere". www.weather.gov.
^ Jump up to: a b "Nasa Ozone Watch: Polar vortex facts". ozonewatch.gsfc.nasa.gov.
Jump up ^ Seinfeld, J. H., and S. N.(2006), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change 2nd ed, Wiley, New Jersey
Jump up ^ "Altitude of a Commercial Jet". Hypertextbook.com. Archived from the original on 2011-10-31. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
Jump up ^ "Google's Alan Eustace beats Baumgartner's skydiving record". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2014-10-25.
Jump up ^ N.Butchart, A.A. Scaife, J. Austin, S.H.E. Hare, J.R. Knight. Quasi-biennial oscillation in ozone in a coupled chemistry-climate model Archived 2014-05-18 at the Wayback Machine., Journal of Geophysical Research.
Jump up ^ M.E. McIntyre, T.N. Palmer. Breaking planetary waves in the stratosphere Archived 2017-03-17 at the Wayback Machine., Nature.
Jump up ^ M.P. Baldwin and T.J. Dunkerton. 'Stratospheric Harbingers of Anomalous Weather Regimes Archived 2014-01-12 at the Wayback Machine., Science Magazine.
Jump up ^ A.A. Scaife, J.R. Knight, G.K. Vallis, C.K. Folland. A stratospheric influence on the winter NAO and North Atlantic surface climate Archived 2014-05-18 at the Wayback Machine., Geophysical Research Letters.
Jump up ^ S. Shivaji et al, "Isolation of three novel bacterial strains, Janibacter hoylei sp. nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov. from cryotubes used for collecting air from upper atmosphere.", Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2009.
Jump up ^ M. M. Woolfson. Time, Space, Stars & Man: The Story of the Big Bang. World Scientific; 2013. ISBN 978-1-84816-933-3. p. 388.
Jump up ^ Laybourne, Roxie C. (December 1974). "Collision between a Vulture and an Aircraft at an Altitude of 37,000 Feet" (PDF). The Wilson Bulletin. Wilson Ornithological Society. 86 (4): 461–462. ISSN 0043-5643. JSTOR 4160546. OCLC 46381512. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-02-22.
Jump up ^ "Audubon: Birds". Audubonmagazine.org. Archived from the original on 2011-09-14. Retrieved 2011-11-08.
Jump up ^ Thomas Alerstam, David A. Christie, Astrid Ulfstrand. Bird Migration (1990). Page 276.
Jump up ^ http://empslocal.ex.ac.uk/people/staff/gv219/classics.d/Hoinka-tropo97.pdf
External links[edit]
The dictionary definition of stratosphere at Wiktionary
Current map of global winds and temperatures at the 10 hPa level.
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text:
Blinded by the Light
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Blinded by the Light"
Single by Bruce Springsteen
from the album Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J.
B-side
"The Angel"
Released
February 1973
Recorded
August–September 1972
914 Sound Studios, Blauvelt, New York
Genre
Rock
Length
5:06
Label
Columbia
Songwriter(s)
Bruce Springsteen
Producer(s)
Mike Appel, Jim Cretecos
Bruce Springsteen singles chronology
"Blinded by the Light"
(1973) "Spirit in the Night"
(1973)
"Blinded by the Light"
(1973) "Spirit in the Night"
(1973)
Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. track listing
Side one
"Blinded by the Light"
"Growin' Up"
"Mary Queen of Arkansas"
"Does This Bus Stop at 82nd Street?"
"Lost in the Flood"
Side two
"The Angel"
"For You"
"Spirit in the Night"
"It's Hard to Be a Saint in the City"
"Blinded by the Light"
Single by Manfred Mann's Earth Band
from the album The Roaring Silence
B-side
"Starbird No. 2"
Released
August 6, 1976
Format
7"
Recorded
1976, Workhouse Studios, London
Genre
Progressive rock, hard rock
Length
7:08 (album version)
3:48 (single version)
Label
Bronze Records
Songwriter(s)
Bruce Springsteen
Producer(s)
Manfred Mann and Earth Band
Manfred Mann's Earth Band singles chronology
"Spirits in the Night"
(1975) "Blinded by the Light"
(1976) "Questions"
(1976)
"Spirits in the Night"
(1975) "Blinded by the Light"
(1976) "Questions"
(1976)
The Roaring Silence track listing
"Blinded by the Light"
(1) "Singing the Dolphin Through"
(2)
Audio sample
file
help
"Blinded by the Light" is a song written and recorded by Bruce Springsteen which first appeared on his 1973 debut album Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J.. A cover by British rock band Manfred Mann's Earth Band reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States in February 1977 and was also a top ten hit in the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Canada.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Cover versions and reissues
1.2 Lyrics
2 Personnel
3 Chart performance
3.1 Weekly charts
3.2 Year-end charts
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
The song came about when Columbia president Clive Davis, upon listening to an early version of Greetings from Asbury Park N.J., felt the album lacked a potential single. Springsteen wrote this and "Spirit in the Night" in response.
According to Springsteen, the song came about from going through a rhyming dictionary in search of appropriate words. The first line of the song, "Madman drummers, bummers, and Indians in the summers with a teenage diplomat" is autobiographical—"Madman drummers" is a reference to drummer Vini Lopez, known as "Mad Man" (later changed to "Mad Dog"); "Indians in the summer" refers to the name of Springsteen's old Little League team; "teenage diplomat" refers to himself.[citation needed] The remainder of the song tells of many unrelated events, with the refrain of "Blinded by the light, cut loose like a deuce, another runner in the night".
"Blinded by the Light" was the first song on, and first single from Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. Springsteen's version was commercially unsuccessful and did not appear on the music charts.
Cover versions and reissues[edit]
Manfred Mann's Earth Band released a version of the song on their 1976 album The Roaring Silence. Their version includes the "Chopsticks" melody played on piano near the end of the bridge of the song. The track reached #1 on both the Billboard Hot 100 and the Canadian RPM charts. Manfred Mann's Earth Band's recording of "Blinded by the Light" is Springsteen's only Number 1 single as a songwriter on the Hot 100.
In 2002, Danish act Funkstar Deluxe released its disco version of this song. A "jazzified" version can be found on Springsteen's 2007 video and audio release Live in Dublin, recorded with The Sessions Band.
The song is used in the films Blow and Running with Scissors.
Lyrics[edit]
Manfred Mann's Earth Band's recording of the song changes the lyrics. The most prominent change is in the chorus, where Springsteen's "cut loose like a deuce" is replaced with "revved up like a deuce."[1][2][3] This is commonly misheard as "wrapped up like a douche" (the V sound in "revved" is almost unpronounced, and the S sound in "deuce" comes across as "SH" due to a significant lisp).[4][5] Springsteen himself has joked about the controversy, claiming that it was not until Manfred Mann rewrote the song to be about a feminine hygiene product that it became popular.[6]
Personnel[edit]
Original version
Bruce Springsteen – vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards
Vini "Mad Dog" Lopez – drums, backing vocals
Clarence Clemons – saxophone, backing vocals
with
Harold Wheeler – piano
Manfred Mann's Earth Band cover
Manfred Mann – organ, piano, keyboards, backing vocals
Colin Pattenden – bass
Dave Flett – guitar
Chris Hamlet Thompson – vocals, guitar
Chris Slade – drums, backing vocals
with
Doreen Chanter – backing vocals
Irene Chanter – backing vocals
Susanne Lynch – backing vocals
Chart performance[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1976-77)
Peak
position
Australia[7] 11
Canada RPM 1
Netherlands 19
New Zealand 8
UK Singles Chart[8] 6
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[9] 1
U.S. Cash Box Top 100[10] 1
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1976)
Rank
Australia[11] 88
Chart (1977)
Rank
Canada[12] 28
US Billboard Hot 100[13] 36
US Cash Box[14] 52
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Buzzelli, Mike (April 26, 2010). "Revved up like a deuce, another runner in the night". Observer-Reporter. Archived from the original on June 2, 2010. Retrieved August 8, 2010.
Jump up ^ "VH1 Storytellers: Bruce Springsteen". Archived from the original on December 7, 2009. Retrieved August 8, 2010.
Jump up ^ The word deuce, in both the Springsteen and Earth Band versions, refers to a 1932 model Ford.[citation needed]
Jump up ^ "Manfred Mann's Earth Band : Blinded by the Light : Real Lyric: Blinded by the light, revved up like a deuce, another runner in the night : Misheard: Blinded by the light, wrapped up like a douche". Kissthisguy.com\accessdate=2016-05-08.
Jump up ^ "Q: “Blinded By the Light, Revved Up Like a…” What?". Blogcritics.org. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
Jump up ^ "Bruce Springsteen". VH1 Storytellers. Episode 62. April 23, 2005. VH1.
Jump up ^ "Australian Chart Book". Austchartbook.com.au. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. pp. 346/6. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955-1990 - ISBN 0-89820-089-X
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on May 25, 2015. Retrieved 2015-05-25.
Jump up ^ Steffen Hung. "Forum - Top 100 End of Year AMR Charts - 1980s (ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts)". Australian-charts.com. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
Jump up ^ "Image : RPM Weekly - Library and Archives Canada". Bac-lac.gc.ca. Retrieved 2016-10-08.
Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 2016-07-26.
External links[edit]
1970s portal
"Blinded by the Light" lyrics from Bruce Springsteen's official site
Preceded by
"Torn Between Two Lovers" by Mary MacGregor Billboard Hot 100 number-one single
February 19, 1977 (one week) Succeeded by
"New Kid in Town" by Eagles
[show]
v
t
e
Manfred Mann's Earth Band
Manfred Mann
Mick Rogers
Robert Hart
John Lingwood
Steve Kinch
Chris Thompson
Steve Waller
Chris Slade
Colin Pattenden
Pat King
Jimmy Copley
Clive Bunker
Dave Flett
Matt Irving
Shona Laing
Richard Marcangelo
Geoff Britton
Noel McCalla
John Trotter
Geoff Dunn
Pete May
Studio albums
Manfred Mann's Earth Band
Glorified Magnified
Messin' (Get Your Rocks Off)
Solar Fire
The Good Earth
Nightingales and Bombers
The Roaring Silence
Watch
Angel Station
Chance
Somewhere in Afrika
Criminal Tango
Masque
Plains Music
Soft Vengeance
2006
Live albums
Budapest Live
Mann Alive
Compilations
Blinded by the Light: The Very Best of Manfred Mann's Earth Band
The Best of Manfred Mann's Earth Band Re-Mastered
The Best of Manfred Mann's Earth Band Re-Mastered Volume II
Odds & Sods - Mis-takes & Out-takes
Songs
"I'll Be Gone"
"Blinded by the Light"
"Spirit in the Night"
"Mighty Quinn"
"Davy's on the road again"
"Don't kill it Carol"
"For You"
"Redemption Song"
Related articles
Discography
Manfred Mann
Manfred Mann Chapter Three
The Manfreds
[show]
v
t
e
Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band
Bruce Springsteen
Garry Tallent
Roy Bittan
Max Weinberg
Steven Van Zandt
Nils Lofgren
Patti Scialfa
Jake Clemons
Charles Giordano
Soozie Tyrell
Former members
Ernest Carter
Clarence Clemons
Danny Federici
Suki Lahav
Vini Lopez
David Sancious
Former touring musicians
Everett Bradley
Barry Danielian
Clark Gayton
Curtis King
Ed Manion
The Miami Horns
Cindy Mizelle
Michelle Moore
Tom Morello
Curt Ramm
Jay Weinberg
Studio albums
Greetings from Asbury Park, N.J. (1973)
The Wild, the Innocent & the E Street Shuffle (1973)
Born to Run (1975)
Darkness on the Edge of Town (1978)
The River (1980)
Nebraska (1982)
Born in the U.S.A. (1984)
Tunnel of Love (1987)
Human Touch (1992)
Lucky Town (1992)
The Ghost of Tom Joad (1995)
The Rising (2002)
Devils & Dust (2005)
We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions (2006)
Magic (2007)
Working on a Dream (2009)
Wrecking Ball (2012)
High Hopes (2014)
Live albums & Bruce Springsteen Archives
Live 1975–85 (1986)
In Concert/MTV Plugged (1993)
Live in New York City (2001)
Hammersmith Odeon London '75 (2006)
Live in Dublin (2007)
Live from the Carousel (2011)
Apollo Theater 3/09/12 (2014)
The Agora, Cleveland 1978 (2015)
Tower Theater, Philadelphia 1975 (2015)
Nassau Coliseum, New York 1980 (2015)
Brendan Byrne Arena, New Jersey 1984 (2015)
LA Sports Arena, California 1988 (2015)
Schottenstein Center, Ohio 2005 (2015)
Ippodromo delle Capannelle, Rome 2013 (2015)
Arizona State University, Tempe 1980 (2015)
The Christic Shows 1990 (2016)
HSBC Arena, Buffalo, NY, 11/22/09 (2016)
Scottrade Center, St. Louis, MO, 8/23/08 (2017)
Olympiastadion, Helsinki, July 31, 2012 (2017)
Wachovia Spectrum, Philadelphia, PA 10/20/09 (2017)
Compilations
Greatest Hits (1995)
18 Tracks (1999)
The Essential Bruce Springsteen (2003)
Greatest Hits (2009)
The Promise (2010)
Collection: 1973–2012 (2013)
Chapter and Verse (2016)
Box sets
The Born in the U.S.A. 12" Single Collection (1985)
Tracks (1998)
The Collection (2004)
Born to Run: 30th Anniversary Edition (2005)
The Collection 1973–1984 (2010)
The Promise: The Darkness on the Edge of Town Story (2010)
The Album Collection Vol. 1 1973–1984 (2014)
The Ties That Bind: The River Collection (2015)
EPs
Live Collection (1987)
Chimes of Freedom (1988)
Blood Brothers (1996)
PBS Exclusive (2007)
Magic Tour Highlights (2008)
American Beauty (2014)
Singles
"Blinded by the Light" (1973)
"Spirit in the Night" (1973)
"4th of July, Asbury Park (Sandy)" (1974)
"Born to Run" (1975)
"Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out" (1976)
"Prove It All Night" (1978)
"Badlands" (1978)
"The Promised Land" (1978)
"Rosalita (Come Out Tonight)" (1979)
"Hungry Heart" (1980)
"Fade Away" (1981)
"Sherry Darling" (1981)
"The River" (1981)
"Cadillac Ranch" (1981)
"Point Blank" (1981)
"Atlantic City" (1982)
"Open All Night" (1982)
"Dancing in the Dark" (1984)
"Cover Me" (1984)
"Born in the U.S.A." (1984)
"I'm on Fire" (1985)
"Glory Days" (1985)
"I'm Goin' Down" (1985)
"My Hometown" (1985)
"Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town" (1985)
"War" (1986)
"Fire" (1987)
"Brilliant Disguise" (1987)
"Tunnel of Love" (1987)
"One Step Up" (1988)
"Tougher Than the Rest" (1988)
"Spare Parts" (1988)
"Human Touch" (1992)
"57 Channels (And Nothin' On)" (1992)
"Streets of Philadelphia" (1994)
"Secret Garden" (1995)
"The Ghost of Tom Joad" (1996)
"Sad Eyes" (1999)
"The Rising" (2002)
"Lonesome Day" (2002)
"Waitin' on a Sunny Day" (2003)
"Devils & Dust" (2005)
"Radio Nowhere" (2007)
"Girls in Their Summer Clothes" (2008)
"Working on a Dream" (2008)
"My Lucky Day" (2008)
"The Wrestler" (2009)
"We Take Care of Our Own" (2012)
"Death to My Hometown" (2012)
"High Hopes" (2013)
Charting songs
"Be True" (1981)
"Ramrod" (1981)
"Johnny 99" (1982)
"No Surrender" (1984)
"Stand on It" (1985)
"Because the Night" (live) (1986)
"Chimes of Freedom" (live) (1988)
"Youngstown" (1995)
"American Skin (41 Shots)" (2001)
"Pay Me My Money Down" (2006)
"Long Walk Home" (2006)
"My City of Ruins" (2011)
"Rocky Ground" (2012)
Other notable songs
"Growin' Up" (1973)
"For You" (1973)
"Incident on 57th Street" (1973)
"The Fever" (1973)
"Thunder Road" (1975)
"Night" (1975)
"Backstreets" (1975)
"She's the One" (1975)
"Meeting Across the River" (1975)
"Jungleland" (1975)
"Adam Raised a Cain" (1978)
"Racing in the Street" (1978)
"Stay" (1979)
"The Ties That Bind" (1980)
"Independence Day" (1980)
"Out in the Street" (1980)
"Stolen Car" (1980)
"Wreck on the Highway" (1980)
"Nebraska" (1982)
"Highway Patrolman" (1982)
"Darlington County" (1984)
"Working on the Highway" (1984)
"Downbound Train" (1984)
"Bobby Jean" (1984)
"Pink Cadillac" (1984)
"Jersey Girl" (1986)
"Light of Day" (1993)
"Murder Incorporated" (1995)
"Land of Hope and Dreams" (2012)
"Just Like Fire Would" (2014)
Video releases
Video Anthology / 1978–88 (1989)
In Concert/MTV Plugged (1992)
Blood Brothers (1996)
The Complete Video Anthology / 1978–2000 (2001)
Live in New York City (2001)
Live in Barcelona (2003)
VH1 Storytellers (2005)
Wings For Wheels (2005)
Hammersmith Odeon London '75 (2005)
Live in Dublin (2007)
Magic Tour Highlights (2008)
London Calling: Live in Hyde Park (2010)
The Promise: The Making of Darkness on the Edge of Town (2010)
Springsteen & I (2013)
Born in the U.S.A. Live: London 2013 (2014)
A MusiCares Tribute to Bruce Springsteen (2014)
Bruce Springsteen's High Hopes (2014)
High Hopes in South Africa (2014)
Hunter of Invisible Game (2014)
Tours
Born to Run tours (1974–77)
Darkness Tour (1978)
The River Tour (1980–81)
Born in the U.S.A. Tour (1984–85)
Tunnel of Love Express (1988)
Human Rights Now! (1988)
Bruce Springsteen 1992–1993 World Tour (1992–93)
Ghost of Tom Joad Tour (1995–97)
Reunion Tour (1999–2000)
Rising Tour (2002–03)
Vote for Change (2004)
Devils & Dust Tour (2005)
Seeger Sessions Band Tour (2006)
Magic Tour (2007–08)
Working on a Dream Tour (2009)
Wrecking Ball Tour (2012-13)
High Hopes Tour (2014)
The River Tour 2016 (2016)
Summer '17 (2017)
Springsteen on Broadway (2017)
Related
Discography
E Street Band
Steel Mill
The Sessions Band
The Miami Horns
Born to Run autobiography
E Street Radio
Little Steven's Underground Garage
Outlaw Pete
Mike Appel
Jon Landau
Brendan O'Brien
Bob Clearmountain
The Max Weinberg 7
Southside Johnny
Joe Grushecky
Badlands: A Tribute to Bruce Springsteen's Nebraska
Greetings from E Street
Book
Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blinded_by_the_Light&oldid=791695582"
Categories:
1973 singles
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Debut singles
1972 songs
Bronze Records singles
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2016
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