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List of retired Atlantic hurricane names
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Cumulative tracks of retired Atlantic hurricanes until 2012
This is a cumulative list of previously used tropical cyclone (tropical storm and hurricane) names which have been indefinitely removed from reuse in the North Atlantic region.
The naming of North Atlantic tropical cyclones is currently under the oversight of the Hurricane Committee of the World Meteorological Organization. This group maintains six alphabetic lists of names, with one list used each year. This normally results in each name being reused every six years. However, in the case of a particularly deadly or damaging storm, that storm's name is retired, and a replacement starting with the same letter is selected to take its place. The decision whether to remove a name is made yearly at an annual session of the Hurricane Committee that occurs in the spring after the conclusion of the North Atlantic hurricane season.
The practice of retiring storm names was begun by the United States Weather Bureau in 1955, after major hurricanes Carol, Edna, and Hazel struck the Northeastern United States during the previous year. Initially their names were retired for 10 years, after which time they could be reintroduced; however, in 1969, the policy was changed to have the names retired indefinitely. In 1977, the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) transferred control of the naming lists to the Hurricane Committee.
Since the formal start of naming during the 1947 Atlantic hurricane season, an average of one Atlantic storm name has been retired each year, though many seasons (most recently 2014) did not have any names retired. The deadliest storm to have its name retired was Hurricane Mitch, which caused over 10,000 fatalities when it struck Central America during October 1998, while the costliest storm was Hurricane Katrina, which caused over $108 billion in damage when it struck the U.S. Gulf Coast in August 2005.[nb 1] The most recently retired storm names are Hurricane Matthew and Hurricane Otto.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Names retired in the 1950s
3 Names retired in the 1960s
4 Names retired in the 1970s
5 Names retired in the 1980s
6 Names retired in the 1990s
7 Names retired in the 2000s
8 Names retired in the 2010s
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
11.1 Citations
11.2 Bibliography
12 External links
Background[edit]
Main article: History of tropical cyclone naming
By 1947, tropical cyclones developing in the North Atlantic Ocean were named by the United States Army Air Forces in private communications between weather centres and aircraft using the Phonetic alphabet.[1][2] This practice continued until September 1950, when the names started to be used publicly after three hurricanes (Baker, Dog, Easy) had occurred simultaneously and caused confusion within the media and the public.[1] Over the next 2 years the public use of the phonetic alphabet to name systems continued before at the 1953 Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference it was decided to start using a new list of female names during that season, as a second phonetic alphabet had been developed.[1][3][4] During the active but mild 1953 Atlantic hurricane season, the names were readily used in the press with few objections recorded; as a result, the same names were reused during the next year with only one change: Gilda for Gail. Over the next 6 years a new list of names was developed ahead of each season, before in 1960 forecasters developed four alphabetical sets and repeated them every four years.[5] These new sets followed the example of the typhoon names and excluded names beginning with the letters Q, U, X, Y, and Z, and keeping them to female names only.[5]
In 1955, it was decided to start retiring the names of significant tropical cyclones for 10 years after which they might be reintroduced, with the names Carol and Edna reintroduced ahead of the 1965 and 1968 hurricane seasons respectively.[1] At the 1969 Interdepartmental hurricane conference the naming lists were revised after it was decided that the names Carol, Edna and Hazel, would be permanently retired because of their importance to the research community.[1][6] It was also decided that any significant hurricane in the future would also be permanently retired.[1][6] Ahead of the 1971 Atlantic hurricane season, 10 lists of hurricane names were inaugurated, by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. In 1977 it was decided that the World Meteorological Organization's Hurricane Committee (WMO) would control the names used, who subsequently decided that six lists of names would be used in the Atlantic Ocean from 1979 onwards with male names included.[1] Since 1979 the same six lists have been used by the United States National Hurricane Center (NHC) to name systems, with names of significant tropical cyclones retired from the lists permanently and replaced with new names as required at the following year's hurricane committee meeting.[1]
At present, the name of any tropical cyclone may be retired or withdrawn from the list of names at the request of a member state, if it acquires notoriety for various reasons including the number of deaths, amount of damages or other impacts.[7] The committee subsequently discuss the proposal and either through building consensus or a majority vote decides if the name should be retired or withdrawn. In March 2017, members of the British Caribbean Territories proposed that a third retirement criterion be added: the tropical cyclone must have sustained winds of at least 96 mph (154 km/h). This came in light of the retirement of Tropical Storm Erika in 2015 which caused catastrophic flooding and mudslides in Dominica without producing sustained tropical storm-force winds on the island. No action has been taken on this proposal yet.[8]
Names retired in the 1950s[edit]
Between 1954 and 1959, eight names were deemed significant enough to be retired for 10 years due to their impact, before being permanently retired after 1969. There were no names retired after the 1956, 1958, and 1959 seasons.[7][9][10] Collectively, these storms resulted in at least 2090 fatalities and over 7009205500000000000♠$2.06 billion in damage. The deadliest hurricane was Hurricane Hazel, which killed at least 701 people, while the costliest was Hurricane Diane, which caused 7008856000000000000♠US$856 million in damage.
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Carol 540825 !August 25 –
September 1, 1954 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 955 !955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Northeastern United States, Canada 7001600000000000000♠60 7008462000000000000♠$462 million [11][12][13]
Edna 540902 !September 5 – 11, 1954 Category 3 hurricane 125 !125 mph (205 km/h) 943 !943 hPa (27.85 inHg) New England, Atlantic Canada 7001210000000000000♠21 7007420000000000000♠$42 million [14][15]
Hazel 541005 !October 5 – 15, 1954 Category 4 hurricane 130 !130 mph (210 km/h) 938 !938 hPa (27.70 inHg) The Caribbean, Eastern United States, Canada 7002581000000000000♠581 7008381500000000000♠$382 million [16][17][18]
Connie 550803 !August 3 – 15, 1955 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 944 !944 hPa (27.88 inHg) Mid-Atlantic states, New England 7001250000000000000♠25 7007400000000000000♠$40 million [11][19]
Diane 550807 !August 7 – 21, 1955 Category 2 hurricane 105 !105 mph (165 km/h) 969 !969 hPa (28.61 inHg) Mid-Atlantic states, New England 7002184000000000000♠184 7008831000000000000♠$831 million [11][12]
Ione 550910 !September 10 – 21, 1955 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 938 !938 hPa (27.70 inHg) North Carolina 7000700000000000000♠7 7007880000000000000♠$88 million [16][19]
Janet 550921 !September 21 – 30, 1955 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 914 !914 hPa (26.99 inHg) Lesser Antilles, Central America 1,023 7007478000000000000♠$47.8 million [19]
Audrey 570625 !June 25 – 29, 1957 Category 3 hurricane 125 !125 mph (205 km/h) 946 !946 hPa (27.94 inHg) Southern United States 7002416000000000000♠416 7008150000000000000♠$150 million [11][20]
8 names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
2112
7009204080000000000♠$2.04 billion
Names retired in the 1960s[edit]
Hurricane Betsy was the first hurricane to have damages exceeding US$1 billion.
In 1960, four rotating lists of names were developed to avoid having to create new lists each year, while the practice of retiring any particularly damaging storm names for 10 years continued, with 11 names deemed significant enough to be retired during the decade.[1][22] At the 1969 Hurricane Warning Conference, the National Hurricane Center requested that Carol, Edna, Hazel, and Inez be permanently retired due to their importance to the research community.[1][23] This request was subsequently accepted and led to today's practice of retiring names of significant tropical cyclones permanently.[1][6] There were no names retired after the 1962 and the 1968 seasons.[nb 2] Collectively, the 11 systems were responsible for over 9000 fatalities and in excess of 7009441000000000000♠US$4.41 billion in damage.
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Donna 600829 !August 29 –
September 14, 1960 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 930 !930 hPa (27.46 inHg) The Caribbean, Eastern United States 7002164000000000000♠164 7008400000000000000♠$400 million [24]
Carla 610903 !September 3 – 16, 1961 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 931 !931 hPa (27.49 inHg) Texas, Louisiana
Midwestern United States 7001460000000000000♠46 7008408000000000000♠$408 million [11][16]
Hattie 611027 !October 27 –
November 1, 1961 Category 5 hurricane 160 !160 mph (260 km/h) 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) Central America 7002319000000000000♠319 7007603000000000000♠$60.3 million [25][26]
Flora 630926 !September 26 –
October 12, 1963 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 940 !940 hPa (27.76 inHg) The Caribbean 7003719300000000000♠7,193 7008528550000000000♠$529 million [27]
Cleo 640820 !August 20 –
September 5, 1964 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 950 !950 hPa (28.06 inHg) The Caribbean, Southeastern United States 7002217000000000000♠217 7008198000000000000♠$198 million [28]
Dora 640828 !August 28 –
September 14, 1964 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 942 hPa (27.82 inHg) Southeastern United States 7000500000000000000♠5 7008250000000000000♠$250 million [28]
Hilda 640928 !September 28 –
October 4, 1964 Category 4 hurricane 150 !150 mph (240 km/h) 941 hPa (27.79 inHg) Southern United States 7001380000000000000♠38 7008125000000000000♠$125 million [11][29]
Betsy 650827 !August 27 –
September 14, 1965 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 941 hPa (27.79 inHg) Bahamas, Southeastern United States 7001750000000000000♠75 7009142000000000000♠$1.42 billion [11][30]
Inez 660921 !September 21 –
October 11, 1966 Category 4 hurricane 150 !150 mph (240 km/h) 929 hPa (27.43 inHg) The Caribbean, Florida, Mexico 7002710000000000000♠710 7008615500000000000♠$616 million [31]
Beulah 670905 !September 5 – 22, 1967 Category 5 hurricane 160 !160 mph (260 km/h) 921 hPa (27.20 inHg) The Caribbean, Mexico, Texas 7001590000000000000♠59 7008207650000000000♠$208 million [32]
Camille 690814 !August 14 – 22, 1969 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Cuba, United States Gulf Coast 7002256000000000000♠256 7009142000000000000♠$1.42 billion [11][30][33]
11 names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
9082
7009441080000000000♠$4.41 billion
Names retired in the 1970s[edit]
Hurricane David at its peak intensity.
Starting in 1979, the World Meteorological Organization began assigning both male and female names to tropical cyclones.[1] This decade featured hurricanes David and Frederic, the first male Atlantic hurricane names to be retired. During this decade, 9 storms were deemed significant enough to have their names retired. Together these 9 systems caused at least 7009940800000000000♠$9.41 billion in damage, while more than 10,500 people lost their lives. No names were retired by the Hurricane Committee after the 1971, 1973, or 1976 seasons.
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Celia 700731 !July 31 – August 5, 1970 Category 3 hurricane 125 !125 mph (205 km/h) 945 !945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Cuba, United States Gulf Coast 7001200000000000000♠20 7008930000000000000♠$930 million [34][35]
Agnes 720614 !June 14 – 23, 1972 Category 1 hurricane 085 !85 mph (140 km/h) 977 !977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Mexico, Cuba, Eastern United States 7002124000000000000♠124 7009210000000000000♠$2.1 billion [30][36]
Carmen 740829 !August 29 – September 10, 1974 Category 4 hurricane 150 !150 mph (240 km/h) 928 !928 hPa (27.40 inHg) Central America, Mexico
United States Gulf Coast 7000800000000000000♠8 7008162000000000000♠$162 million [37][38]
Fifi 740914 !September 14 – 24, 1974 Category 2 hurricane 110 !110 mph (180 km/h) 971 !971 hPa (28.67 inHg) Jamaica, Central America, Mexico 7003820000000000000♠8,200 7009180000000000000♠$1.8 billion [39][40]
Eloise 750913 !September 13 – 24, 1975 Category 3 hurricane 125 !125 mph (205 km/h) 955 !955 hPa (28.20 inHg) The Caribbean, Yucatán Peninsula, Florida 7001800000000000000♠80 7008550000000000000♠$550 million [41]
Anita 770829 !August 29 – September 4, 1977 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 926 !926 hPa (27.34 inHg) Mexico 7001100000000000000♠10 7000100000000000000♠ Extensive [42]
Greta 780913 !September 13 – 23, 1978 Category 4 hurricane 130 !130 mph (215 km/h) 947 !947 hPa (27.96 inHg The Caribbean, Central America, Mexico 7000500000000000000♠5 7007260000000000000♠$26 million [nb 4][43]
David 790825 !August 25 – September 8, 1979 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 924 !924 hPa (27.29 inHg) The Caribbean, United States East coast 7003206800000000000♠2,068 7009154000000000000♠$1.54 billion [43][44]
Frederic 790829 !August 29 – September 15, 1979 Category 4 hurricane 130 !130 mph (215 km/h) 943 !943 hPa (27.85 inHg) The Caribbean, Southeastern United States 7001120000000000000♠12 7009230000000000000♠$2.3 billion [44]
9 names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
>7004105270000000000♠10,527
7009940800000000000♠$9.41 billion
Names retired in the 1980s[edit]
Hurricane Gilbert at its peak intensity.
After control of the naming scheme was turned over to the World Meteorological Organization's Hurricane Committee during the mid-1970s, the 1980s marked the least prolific decade in terms of the number of retired storms with 7 names warranting removal. Between them the 7 systems caused over 7010208876000000000♠$20.9 billion in damage while over 893 people lost their lives. Hurricane Gilbert was the most intense tropical cyclone during the decade by pressure, with a minimum value of 888 hPa (26.22 inHg). This was the lowest recorded pressure in a North Atlantic hurricane until Hurricane Wilma surpassed it during 2005.[45] In addition, Hurricane Allen was the most intense tropical cyclone during the decade by wind speed, with maximum 1–minute sustained winds of 190 mph (305 km/h). This remains the highest sustained wind speed of any Atlantic hurricane on record.[46] No names were retired by the Hurricane Committee after the 1981, 1982, 1984, 1986, or 1987 seasons, which was the most of any decade since the introduction of the practice of retiring hurricane names.
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Allen 800731 !July 31 – August 11, 1980 Category 5 hurricane 190 !190 mph (305 km/h) 899 !899 hPa (26.55 inHg) The Caribbean, Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico, South Texas 7002269000000000000♠269 7009123760000000000♠$1.24 billion [43][47][48]
Alicia 830815 !August 15 – 21, 1983 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 963 !963 hPa (28.44 inHg) Eastern Texas, Louisiana 7001210000000000000♠21 7009200000000000000♠$2 billion [49]
Elena 850828 !August 28 – September 4, 1985 Category 3 hurricane 125 !125 mph (205 km/h) 953 !953 hPa (28.14 inHg) Cuba, United States Gulf Coast 9 7009125000000000000♠$1.25 billion [50][51]
Gloria 850916 !September 16 – October 2, 1985 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 919 !919 hPa (27.14 inHg) United States East Coast, Atlantic Canada 7000900000000000000♠9 7008900000000000000♠$900 million [50]
Gilbert 880908 !September 8 – 19, 1988 Category 5 hurricane 185 !185 mph (295 km/h) 888 !888 hPa (26.22 inHg) Jamaica, Venezuela, Central America, Hispaniola, Mexico 7002318000000000000♠318 7009500000000000000♠$5 billion [35][52]
Joan 881011 !October 11 – November 2, 1988 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 932 !932 hPa (27.52 inHg) Lesser Antilles, Colombia, Venezuela, Central America 7002216000000000000♠216 7009200000000000000♠$2 billion [52]
Hugo 890909 !September 9 – 25, 1989 Category 5 hurricane 160 !160 mph (260 km/h) 918 !918 hPa (27.11 inHg) The Caribbean, United States East Coast 7001560000000000000♠56 7009850000000000000♠$8.5 billion [30][53]
7 Names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
893
7010208876000000000♠$20.9 billion
Names retired in the 1990s[edit]
Damage after Hurricane Andrew in Miami.
During the 1990s, the Atlantic Ocean moved into its active era, which led to more tropical cyclones forming during the hurricane seasons. The decade featured Hurricane Andrew which at the time was the costliest hurricane on record, and also Hurricane Mitch which is considered to be the deadliest tropical cyclone to have its name retired killing over 11,000 people in Central America. A total of 15 names were retired in this decade, with seven of those during the 1995 and 1996 seasons. There were no names retired after the 1993, 1994 and 1997 seasons.
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Diana 900804 !August 4 – 9, 1990 Category 2 hurricane 100 !100 mph (165 km/h) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Yucatán Peninsula, Central Mexico 7001960000000000000♠96 $90 million [54]
Klaus 901003 !October 3 – 9, 1990 Category 1 hurricane 080 !80 mph (130 km/h) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Lesser Antilles, The Bahamas, Southeast United States 7001110000000000000♠11 7006100000000000000♠$1 million [54][55]
Bob 910816 !August 16 – 20, 1991 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 950 !950 hPa (28.06 inHg) United States East Coast, Canada 7001170000000000000♠17 7009150000000000000♠$1.5 billion [56]
Andrew 920816 !August 16 – 28, 1992 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 922 !922 hPa (27.23 inHg) The Bahamas, Florida, United States Gulf Coast 7001650000000000000♠65 7010265000000000000♠$26.5 billion [30][57]
Luis 950827 !August 27 – September 11, 1995 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 935 !935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Bermuda 7001190000000000000♠19 7009250000000000000♠$2.5 billion [58]
Marilyn 950912 !September 12 – 22, 1995 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 949 hPa (28.02 inHg) The Caribbean, Bermuda 7000800000000000000♠8 7009150000000000000♠$1.5 billion [30][58]
Opal 950927 !September 27 – October 6, 1995 Category 4 hurricane 150 !150 mph (240 km/h) 916 hPa (27.05 inHg) Guatemala, Yucatán Peninsula, Eastern United States 7001590000000000000♠59 7009510000000000000♠$5.1 billion [59]
Roxanne 951007 !October 7 – 21, 1995 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 956 hPa (28.23 inHg) Mexico 7001140000000000000♠14 7009150000000000000♠$1.5 billion [58]
Cesar 960624 !July 24 – 29, 1996 Category 1 hurricane 085 !85 mph (140 km/h) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Central America, Mexico 7002113000000000000♠113 7008202960000000000♠$203 million [43][60][61][62][63]
Fran 960823 !August 23 – September 8, 1996 Category 3 hurricane 120 !120 mph (195 km/h) 946 hPa (27.94 inHg) Eastern United States, Toronto 7001260000000000000♠26 7009416000000000000♠$4.16 billion [11][30]
Hortense 960903 !September 3 – 16, 1996 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 935 !935 hPa (27.61 inHg) The Caribbean, Puerto Rico, Atlantic Canada 7001390000000000000♠39 7008158000000000000♠$158 million [64][65][66]
Georges 980915 !September 15 – October 1, 1998 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 937 !937 hPa (27.67 inHg) The Caribbean, United States Gulf Coast 7002604000000000000♠604 7009972360049500000♠$9.72 billion [67][68][69][70][71]
Mitch 981022 !October 22 – November 5, 1998 Category 5 hurricane 180 !180 mph (285 km/h) 905 hPa (26.72 inHg) Central America, Yucatán Peninsula, South Florida 7004110000000000000♠11,000 7009620000000000000♠$6.2 billion [72][73][74]
Floyd 990907 !September 7 – 19, 1999 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 921 !921 hPa (27.20 inHg) The Bahamas, Eastern United States, Atlantic Canada 7001570000000000000♠57 7009690000000000000♠$6.9 billion [75]
Lenny 991113 !November 13 – 23, 1999 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 933 !933 hPa (27.55 inHg) Colombia, Puerto Rico, Leeward Islands 7001170000000000000♠17 7008685800000000000♠$686 million [76][77][78][79][80][81]
15 Names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
7004121440000000000♠12,144
7010620455604950000♠$62 billion
Names retired in the 2000s[edit]
Hurricane Charley making landfall on August 13, 2004 at its peak intensity.
After the Atlantic basin had moved into the warm phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation during the mid-1990s, the 2000s marked the most prolific decade in terms of the number of retired storms, with 24 names warranting removal.[nb 2] The decade featured one of the costliest tropical cyclones on record, Hurricane Katrina, which inflicted roughly 7011108000000000000♠US$108 billion in damage across the Gulf Coast of the United States.[30] Katrina was also the deadliest hurricane to strike the United States since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane.[11] After causing approximately 7009900000000000000♠US$9 billion in damage, Tropical Storm Allison became the first tropical storm in this basin to have its name retired, while subtropical storms started to be named during 2002.[82][83] Hurricane Jeanne was the deadliest storm during the decade and was responsible for over 3000 deaths, when it impacted Haiti and other parts of the Caribbean as a tropical storm and minimal hurricane.[84] During October 2005, Hurricane Wilma became the most intense tropical cyclone in the Atlantic basin on record, with a central pressure of 882 hPa (26.05 inHg).[45] There were no retired names after the 2006 and 2009 hurricane seasons.[10] Collectively, the 24 systems were responsible for nearly 7,900 fatalities and in excess of 7011280247700000000♠US$280 billion in damage.
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Keith 000928 !September 28 – October 6, 2000 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 939 !939 hPa (27.73 inHg) Central America 7001560000000000000♠56 7008318700000000000♠$319 million [43][85][86][87]
Allison 010604 !June 4 – 18, 2001 0 !Tropical storm 060 !60 mph (95 km/h) 999 !1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Texas, Louisiana, Southern United States 7001500000000000000♠50 7009900000000000000♠$9 billion [88]
Iris 011004 !October 4 – 9, 2001 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 948 !948 hPa (27.99 inHg) Hispaniola, Jamaica, Belize, Guatemala, Mexico 7001310000000000000♠31 7008140000000000000♠$140 million [89][90]
Michelle 011029 !October 29 – November 6, 2001 Category 4 hurricane 140 !140 mph (220 km/h) 933 !933 hPa (27.55 inHg) Central America, Jamaica, Cuba, Bahamas 7001170000000000000♠17 7009200000000000000♠$2 billion [69][89]
Isidore 020914 !September 14 – 27, 2002 Category 3 hurricane 125 !125 mph (205 km/h) 934 !934 hPa (27.58 inHg) Cuba, Yucatán Peninsula, Louisiana 7001170000000000000♠17 7009130000000000000♠$1.3 billion [91][92]
Lili 020921 !September 21 – October 4, 2002 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 938 !938 hPa (27.70 inHg) Windward Islands, Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Louisiana 7001150000000000000♠15 7008925000000000000♠$925 million [93]
Fabian 030825 !August 25 – September 8, 2003 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 939 !939 hPa (27.73 inHg) Bermuda 7000400000000000000♠4 7008300000000000000♠$300 million [94]
Isabel 030906 !September 6 – 20, 2003 Category 5 hurricane 165 !165 mph (270 km/h) 915 !915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Greater Antilles, Bahamas, Eastern United States, Ontario 7001500000000000000♠50 7009537000000000000♠$5.37 billion [95]
Juan 030924 !September 24 – 29, 2003 Category 2 hurricane 105 !105 mph (170 km/h) 969 !969 hPa (28.61 inHg) Atlantic Canada 7000500000000000000♠5 7008200000000000000♠$200 million [94][96]
Charley 040809 !August 9 – 15, 2004 Category 4 hurricane 150 !150 mph (240 km/h) 941 !941 hPa (27.79 inHg) Jamaica, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Florida, The Carolinas 7001400000000000000♠40 7010151130000000000♠$15.1 billion [97]
Frances 040824 !August 24 – September 10, 2004 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 935 !935 hPa (27.61 inHg) The Caribbean, Eastern United States, Ontario 7001500000000000000♠50 7009985200000000000♠$9.85 billion [98][99][100]
Ivan 040902 !September 2 – 24, 2004 Category 5 hurricane 165 !165 mph (270 km/h) 910 !910 hPa (26.87 inHg) The Caribbean, Venezuela, United States Gulf Coast 7002124000000000000♠124 7010232800000000000♠$23.3 billion [99][101]
Jeanne 040913 !September 13 – 28, 2004 Category 3 hurricane 120 !120 mph (195 km/h) 950 !950 hPa (28.05 inHg) The Caribbean, Eastern United States 7003303500000000000♠3,035 7009766000000000000♠$7.66 billion [43][84][99]
Dennis 050704 !July 4 – 13, 2005 Category 4 hurricane 150 !150 mph (240 km/h) 930 !930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Greater Antilles, Southeastern United States 7001890000000000000♠89 7009397000000000000♠$3.97 billion [102][103]
Katrina 050823 !August 23 – 30, 2005 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 902 !902 hPa (26.64 inHg) Bahamas, United States Gulf Coast 7003183600000000000♠1,836 7011108000000000000♠$108 billion [104]
Rita 050918 !September 18 – 26, 2005 Category 5 hurricane 180 !180 mph (290 km/h) 895 !895 hPa (26.43 inHg) Cuba, United States Gulf Coast 7001620000000000000♠62 7010120370000000000♠$12 billion [105]
Stan 051001 !October 1 – 5, 2005 Category 1 hurricane 080 !80 mph (130 km/h) 977 !977 hPa (28.85 inHg) Mexico, Central America 7003166800000000000♠1,668 7009396400000000000♠$3.96 billion [43][106]
Wilma 051015 !October 15 – 26, 2005 Category 5 hurricane 185 !185 mph (295 km/h) 882 !882 hPa (26.05 inHg) Greater Antilles, Central America, Yucatán Peninsula, Florida 7001230000000000000♠23 7010290000000000000♠>$29 billion [107][108][109][110]
Dean 070813 !August 13 – 23, 2007 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 905 !905 hPa (26.72 inHg) The Caribbean, Central America 7001450000000000000♠45 7009177800000000000♠$1.78 billion [43][111]
Felix 070813 !August 31 – September 5, 2007 Category 5 hurricane 175 !175 mph (280 km/h) 929 !929 hPa (27.43 inHg) Nicaragua, Honduras 7002130000000000000♠130 7008720000000000000♠$720 million [111][112][113][114]
Noel 071028 !October 28 – November 2, 2007 Category 1 hurricane 080 !80 mph (130 km/h) 980 !980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Greater Antilles, Eastern United States, Atlantic Canada 7002163000000000000♠163 7008580000000000000♠$580 million [111]
Gustav 080825 !August 25 – September 4, 2008 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 941 !941 hPa (27.79 inHg) Greater Antilles, Cayman Islands, United States Gulf Coast 7002153000000000000♠153 7009661000000000000♠$6.61 billion [115][116]
Ike 080901 !September 1 – 14, 2008 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 935 !935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Greater Antilles, Texas, Louisiana, Midwestern United States 7002195000000000000♠195 7010375000000000000♠$37.5 billion [30][117][118]
Paloma 081105 !November 5 – 10, 2008 Category 4 hurricane 145 !145 mph (230 km/h) 944 !944 hPa (27.88 inHg) Cayman Islands, Cuba 7000100000000000000♠1 7008300000000000000♠$300 million [117][119]
24 names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
7003787500000000000♠7,875
7011280247700000000♠$280 billion
Names retired in the 2010s[edit]
Hurricane Sandy hours before landfall on October 29, 2012.
So far during the current decade, nine tropical cyclone names have been retired.[nb 2] Collectively, these systems killed at least 1117 people and caused at least 7011109537350000000♠$110 billion worth of damage. So far, Hurricane Igor is the most intense tropical cyclone during the decade whose name has been retired by pressure, with a minimum value of 924 hPa (27.29 inHg). In addition, Hurricane Matthew is the deadliest and most intense tropical cyclone by wind speed during the decade, with over 600 deaths and maximum 1–minute sustained winds of 165 mph (270 km/h), respectively. Hurricane Sandy is currently the costliest Atlantic hurricane in the 2010s as well as the third-costliest in history, with 7010750000000000000♠US$75 billion in damage attributed to it. 2014 saw no retired names.[10]
Name
Dates active
Peak classification
Sustained
wind speeds
Pressure
Areas affected
Deaths
Damage
(USD)
Refs
Igor 100908 !September 8 – 21, 2010 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 924 !924 hPa (27.29 inHg) Bermuda, Newfoundland 7000400000000000000♠4 7008200000000000000♠$200 million [120]
Tomas 101029 !October 29 – November 7, 2010 Category 2 hurricane 100 !100 mph (155 km/h) 982 !982 hPa (29.00 inHg) Caribbean 7001440000000000000♠44 7008347950000000000♠$348 million [121]
Irene 110820 !August 21 – 28, 2011 Category 3 hurricane 120 !120 mph (195 km/h) 942 !942 hPa (27.82 inHg) Caribbean, Bahamas, United States East Coast, Eastern Canada 7001560000000000000♠56 7010165000000000000♠$16.5 billion [43][122][123]
Sandy 121022 !October 22 – 29, 2012 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 940 !940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Caribbean, Bahamas, United States East Coast, Eastern Canada 7002234000000000000♠234 7010750000000000000♠$75 billion [124][125]
Ingrid 130912 !September 12 – 17, 2013 Category 1 hurricane 085 !85 mph (140 km/h) 983 !983 hPa (29.03 inHg) Mexico 7001320000000000000♠32 7009150000000000000♠$1.5 billion [43][126]
Erika 150824 !August 24 – 28, 2015 Tropical storm 050 !50 mph (85 km/h) 1001 !1001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Lesser Antilles, Hispaniola 7001350000000000000♠35 7008511400000000000♠$511 million [127]
Joaquin 150928 !September 28 – October 8, 2015 Category 4 hurricane 155 !155 mph (250 km/h) 931 !931 hPa (27.49 inHg) Bahamas, Bermuda 7001340000000000000♠34 7008200000000000000♠$200 million [127]
Matthew 160928 !September 28 – October 9, 2016 Category 5 hurricane 165 !165 mph (270 km/h) 934 !934 hPa (27.58 inHg) Antilles, Southeastern United States 7002603000000000000♠603 7010150880000000000♠$15.1 billion [128]
Otto 161120 !November 20 – 26, 2016 Category 3 hurricane 115 !115 mph (185 km/h) 975 !975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua 7001230000000000000♠23 7008190000000000000♠$190 million [128]
9 Names
References:[nb 2][nb 3]
≥7003111700000000000♠1,117
7011109537350000000♠$110 billion
See also[edit]
List of Atlantic hurricanes
List of historic tropical cyclone names
List of retired Pacific hurricane names
List of retired Pacific typhoon names
List of retired Philippine typhoon names
List of retired Australian cyclone names
List of retired South Pacific tropical cyclone names
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Unless otherwise noted, all of the damage totals in this article are in the original year USD.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j References for the retired names.[7][9][10]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Reference for dates, season, wind speeds and pressure.[21]
Jump up ^ The World Meteorological Organization and NOAA's Hurricane Research Division list Greta as a retired name, while NOAA's National Hurricane Center does not.[7][9][10]
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
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Jump up ^ Tabla 10. Principales desastres naturales, 1980-2005 (PDF). El Almanaque Mexicano 2008. Sergio Aguayo. p. 20. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Lawerence, Miles B; Cobb III, Hugh D (April 3, 2003). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Lili: September 21 – October 4, 2002 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Lawrence, Miles B; Avila, Lixion A; Beven, John L; Franklin, James L; Pasch, Richard J; Stewart, Stacy R (June 1, 2005). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2003". Monthly Weather Review. American Meteorological Society. 133 (6): 1744–1773. Bibcode:2005MWRv..133.1744L. doi:10.1175/MWR2940.1. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Beven II, John L; Cobb III, Hugh D (July 1, 2004). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Isabel: September 6 – 20, 2003 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Fogarty, Chris (May 12, 2005). "Hurricane Juan Storm Summary" (PDF). Canadian Hurricane Centre. NovaWeather. Retrieved September 15, 2011.
Jump up ^ Pasch, Richard J; Blake, Eric S; Brown, Daniel P; National Hurricane Center (October 18, 2004). Hurricane Charley August 9 – 15 (Tropical Cyclone Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Beven II, John L (December 17, 2004). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Frances August 24 – September 10 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hurricane Committee (August 12, 2005). Twenty-seventh Session (March 31 to April 5, 2005) (PDF) (Final Report). World Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan & Jeanne Caribbean Impact (PDF) (Speciality Property Briefing). Guy Carpenter and Company. August 12, 2005. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Stewart, Stacy R (December 16, 2004). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ivan September 2 - 24, 2004 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Beven, John L (November 22, 2005). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Dennis: July 4 – 13, 2005 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Church World Service (August 23, 2005). "CWS emergency appeal: Cuba/Hurricane Dennis response". Relief Web. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Knabb, Richard D; Rhome, Jamie R; Brown, Daniel P; National Hurricane Center (December 20, 2005). Hurricane Katrina: August 23 – 30, 2005 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Knabb, Richard D; Brown, Daniel P; Rhome, Jamie R (March 17, 2006). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Rita: September 18 – 26, 2005 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Pasch, Richard J; Roberts, David P; National Hurricane Center (February 4, 2006). Hurricane Stan: October 1 – 5, 2005 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Pasch, Richard J; Blake, Eric S; Cobb III, Hugh D; Roberts, David P (January 12, 2006). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Wilma: October 15 – 26, 2005 (PDF). National Hurricane Center (Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Comisión Nacional del Agua (2006). "Resumen del Huracán "Wilma"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 27, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Royster, Amy (December 4, 2005). "Wilma's Waves Devastate Grand Bahama Communities". Palm Beach Post. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ "Hurricane Wilma exacts losses of 704 million dollars: Cuban government". Relief Web. Agence France-Presse. December 4, 2005. Archived from the original on November 27, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Brennan, Michael J; Knabb, Richard D; Mainelli, Michelle; Kimberlain, Todd B (December 1, 2009). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2007" (PDF). Monthly Weather Review. American Meteorological Society. 137 (12): 4061–4088. Bibcode:2009MWRv..137.4061B. doi:10.1175/2009MWR2995.1. Archived from the original on October 15, 2010. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), Nicaragua (2007). "Evaluación de Daños Causados por el Huracán Félix en el Caribe de Nicaragua" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Silva, José A (January 29, 2008). "Huracán los terminó de hundir en la pobreza" (in Spanish). El Nuevo Diario. Archived from the original on January 22, 2009. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Comisión Permanente de Contingencias, Government of Honduras (September 7, 2007). "Honduras: Informe preliminar de daños por Huracán Félix y últimas lluvias — Copeco — Boletín #53 - 07 de Septiembre 2007" (in Spanish). Reliefweb. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Beven, John L; Kimberlain, Todd B; National Hurricane Center (January 22, 2009). Hurricane Gustav: August 25 – September 4, 2008 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 13, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Report on 2008 Hurricane Season in Cuba. RA IV Hurricane Committee Thirty First Session. World Meteorological Organization's RA IV Hurricane Committee. Retrieved September 13, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Brown, Daniel P; Beven, John L; Franklin, James L; Blake, Eric S (May 1, 2010). "Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2008". Monthly Weather Review. American Meteorological Society. 138 (5): 1975–2001. Bibcode:2010MWRv..138.1975B. doi:10.1175/2009MWR3174.1. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Berg, Robbie; National Hurricane Center (January 23, 2009). Hurricane Ike: November 5 – 9, 2008 (PDF) (Tropical Cyclone Report). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 9, 2012. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Meteorological Service of Jamaica (2009). Jamaica’s Report on the 2008 Hurricane Season. Forty-eighth Session of the Caribbean Meteorological Council and Related Meetings. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Pasch, Richard J; Kimberlain, Todd B (February 15, 2011). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Igor: September 8–21 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 30, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Pasch, Richard J; Kimberlain, Todd B (March 7, 2011). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Tomas October 29 – November 7, 2010 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Avila, Lixion A; Cangialosi, John (December 14, 2011). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Irene: August 21 – 28, 2011 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 28, 2012. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Telling the Weather Story (PDF) (Report). Insurance Bureau of Canada. June 4, 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 19, 2015. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Blake, Eric S; Kimberlain, Todd B; Berg, Robert J; Cangialosi, John P; Beven II, John L (February 12, 2013). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Sandy: October 22 – 29, 2012 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 17, 2013. Retrieved July 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Hurricane/Post-Tropical Cyclone Sandy, October 22–29, 2012 (PDF) (Service Assessment). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. May 2013. p. 10. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 2, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Beven II, John L (February 12, 2013). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Ingrid: September 12 – 17, 2013 (PDF) (Report). United States National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2014. Retrieved June 1, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Rice, Doyle. "Hurricane names Patricia, Joaquin and Erika retired". USA Today. USA Today. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Feltgen, Dennis (March 27, 2017). "World Meteorological Organization retires storm names Matthew and Otto". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Bibliography[edit]
Blake, Eric S; Landsea, Christopher W; Gibney, Ethan J; National Hurricane Center (August 2011). The Deadliest, Costliest, and Most Intense United States Tropical Cyclones from 1851 to 2010 (And Other Frequently Requested Hurricane Facts) (PDF) (NOAA Technical Memorandum NWS NHC-6). United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Weather Service. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
External links[edit]
National Hurricane Center's Post-Season Reports
NHC's list of deadliest hurricanes
NHC's list of US-striking hurricanes
[hide]
v
t
e
Retired Atlantic hurricane names
1950s
Carol
Edna
Hazel
Connie
Diane
Ione
Janet
Audrey
1960s
Donna
Carla
Hattie
Flora
Cleo
Dora
Hilda
Betsy
Inez
Beulah
Camille
1970s
Celia
Agnes
Carmen
Fifi
Eloise
Anita
Greta
David
Frederic
1980s
Allen
Alicia
Elena
Gloria
Gilbert
Joan
Hugo
1990s
Diana
Klaus
Bob
Andrew
Luis
Marilyn
Opal
Roxanne
Cesar
Fran
Hortense
Georges
Mitch
Floyd
Lenny
2000s
Keith
Allison (TS)
Iris
Michelle
Isidore
Lili
Fabian
Isabel
Juan
Charley
Frances
Ivan
Jeanne
Dennis
Katrina
Rita
Stan
Wilma
Dean
Felix
Noel
Gustav
Ike
Paloma
2010s
Igor
Tomas
Irene
Sandy
Ingrid
Erika (TS)
Joaquin
Matthew
Otto
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