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Glenn Quinn
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Glenn Quinn
Born
Glenn Martin Christopher Francis Quinn
(1970-05-28)May 28, 1970
Dublin, Ireland
Died
December 3, 2002(2002-12-03) (aged 32)
North Hollywood, California, U.S.
Cause of death
Heroin overdose
Resting place
Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Cypress, California, U.S.
Occupation
Actor
Years active
1990–2002
Glenn Martin Christopher Francis Quinn (May 28, 1970 – December 3, 2002) was an Irish actor. While he was best known for his portrayal of Mark Healy on the popular '90s family sitcom Roseanne, Quinn also amassed a large fan base for his portrayal of Doyle, a half-demon, on Angel, a spin-off series of Buffy the Vampire Slayer.[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Death
4 Filmography
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Quinn was born in Dublin, Ireland on May 28, 1970, the son of Murty Quinn, a musician and singer with the Miami Showband who enjoyed seven #1 hits in the '60s and '70s, and his wife, Bernadette Quinn (nee Brady).[3] He was raised in Cabinteely, a suburb of Dublin, and attended Clonkeen College.[1][4] He immigrated to the United States with his mother and two sisters, Sonja and Louisa, in 1988, when he was still just a teenager, with the family settling in Los Angeles, California.[4] Quinn had a third sibling, a brother Ciaran, whom he never knew existed as the boy had been placed for adoption.[5]
Career[edit]
Quinn did commercials for Pepsi and Ray-Ban, appeared in the music video for the Richard Marx song "Satisfied," and had his first speaking line in the pilot of Beverly Hills, 90210 after having endured eight separate auditions for the role of "Brandon Walsh" and then "Steve Sanders"[citation needed] (played by Jason Priestley and Ian Ziering, respectively). Casting director Johanna Ray gave him a small role with two lines in the pilot, but Quinn was barely visible in the final broadcast version. His first substantial speaking part was as a guest star in an episode of the short-lived series The Outsiders.[citation needed]
In 1991, Quinn had his first major role in the movie Shout, which starred John Travolta and in which Quinn shared an on-screen kiss with Gwyneth Paltrow in her debut film.[6]
One of Quinn's more visible roles began in 1990 as the character Mark Healy, Becky Conner's boyfriend and later husband, in Roseanne. He continued in this role until the show ended in 1997 (seasons 3–9). In 2018, the fourth episode of the revived show's tenth season was dedicated to the memory of Quinn.
Quinn took on the role as youngest son Cedric on the 1992 U.S. and UK TV series Covington Cross. While shooting the series in England, he suffered a serious injury to his back after falling from his horse while shooting a scene.[citation needed]
In 1992, he starred alongside Holly Marie Combs in Dr. Giggles.[2] In 1997, he played dual roles in the horror anthology film Campfire Tales.
After seven years using an American accent on Roseanne, Quinn was pleased producers made Doyle on Angel Irish because it would allow him to use his native accent. In an interview with The Irish Times, Quinn said of his accent, "I've been hiding it for so long that it's amazing to have some freedom. It was like putting on an old pair of shoes. It's bringing my soul back to life."[1] His last film work was in R.S.V.P. (2002).
Death[edit]
On December 3, 2002, Quinn's body was found at a friend's home in North Hollywood, California.[7] An autopsy found that Quinn had died as the result of a heroin overdose.[8] In the months leading up to his death, Quinn had reportedly been struggling with homelessness and drug addiction. His issues with substance abuse started in 1987 with the breakdown of his parents' marriage and, unable to maintain sobriety, he was eventually bought out as owner of Goldfingers nightclub in Los Angeles, California, for begging for money from customers and causing fights.[9][1][10][11] Quinn neither married nor had any children.
Filmography[edit]
List of film roles
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1991 Shout Alan
1992 Dr. Giggles Max Anderson
1995 Live Nude Girls Randy Conzini
1997 Campfire Tales Scott Anderson/Paramedic #1 Segments: "The Locket" and "The Campfire"
1998 Some Girl Jeff
2002 R.S.V.P. Prof. Hal Evans
List of television roles
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1990 Beverly Hills, 90210 Party Jock #1 Episode: "Class of Beverly Hills"
Bagdad Café Johnny Episode: "Not Enough Cooks"
Call Me Anna George Chakiris Television movie
Silhouette Darren Lauder Television movie
1990–1997 Roseanne Mark Healy 74 episodes
1992 The Jackie Thomas Show Mark Healy Episode: "The Joke"
Covington Cross Cedric Grey 13 episodes
1997–2002 Fair City Joshua St. John 5 episodes
1999 Jesse Sean Episode: "The Mischievous Elf"
1999–2002 Angel Allen Francis Doyle 10 episodes
2000 At Any Cost Ben Tarowe Television movie
List of video game roles
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1996 Star Wars: X-Wing vs. TIE Fighter Voice only
1997 Outlaws 'Rattlesnake' Dick Farmer Voice only
The Curse of Monkey Island Pirate #5 Voice only
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Dublin-born actor who found fame in the US". The Irish Times. December 28, 2002.
^ Jump up to: a b Hayward, Anthony (2002-12-18). "Obituary: Glenn Quinn". The Independent. Retrieved 2010-09-01.
Jump up ^ Reed, Christopher (2002-12-21). "Obituary: Glenn Quinn". the Guardian. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
^ Jump up to: a b "Glenn Quinn". The Guardian. December 21, 2002.
Jump up ^ "The tragic closing act of Hollywood hero Glenn Quinn - Independent.ie". Independent.ie. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
Jump up ^ McLellan, Dennis (2002-12-07). "Glenn Quinn, 32; Actor Was in TV Series 'Roseanne' and 'Angel'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
Jump up ^ "Glenn Quinn: Actor". variety.com. 2002-12-11. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
Jump up ^ Bobbin, Jay (April 30, 2006). "Young 'Roseanne' star died from OD". The Buffalo News.
Jump up ^ Siegmund Cuda, Heidi (1997-02-13). "Dressing Up the Area : Goldfingers adds glitter to Hollywood". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
Jump up ^ "The tragic closing act of Hollywood hero Glenn Quinn - Independent.ie". Independent.ie. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Celebs who quietly passed away without you knowing | KiwiReport". KiwiReport. 2017-04-09. Retrieved 2018-03-21.
External links[edit]
Biography portal
Glenn Quinn on IMDb
Glenn Quinn at Find a Grave
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
GND: 1091099154
ISNI: 0000 0000 4682 4524
LCCN: no2008172281
VIAF: 51518698
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glenn_Quinn&oldid=849313959"
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Irish expatriates in the United States
Irish male television actors
Irish male video game actors
Irish male voice actors
Male actors from Dublin (city)
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Burials in Orange County, California
20th-century Irish male actors
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Matthew Labyorteaux
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Matthew Labyorteaux
(aka Laborteaux)
Labyorteaux and Katy Kurtzman on Little House on the Prairie, 1977
Born
Matthew Charles Labyorteaux
(1966-12-08) December 8, 1966 (age 50)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupation
Actor, voice actor
Years active
1972–present
Known for
Role of Albert Quinn Ingalls on Little House on the Prairie
Matthew Charles Labyorteaux (born December 8, 1966) is an American film and television actor and voice artist.[1][2] In many of his credits, his last name is spelled as "Laborteaux".[3] He is also credited as Matthew Charles for his work in animation.
He may be best known for portraying Albert Quinn Ingalls[4] on Little House on the Prairie from 1978-83.
Contents
[hide]
1 Career
2 Personal life
3 Filmography
4 Accolades
5 References
6 External links
Career[edit]
This section of a biography of a living person does not include any references or sources. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately.
Find sources: "Matthew Labyorteaux" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (November 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Labyorteaux began working in commercials at the age of seven, having been discovered while accompanying his older brother, Patrick Labyorteaux, to a casting call. He shortly thereafter landed his first dramatic role in A Woman Under the Influence, where he played one of Peter Falk and Gena Rowlands' children.
Aside from his tenure on Little House on the Prairie, Labyorteaux also starred in the short-lived television series The Red Hand Gang (1977) and Whiz Kids (1983–84), in addition to several made-for-television movies. His most prominent film role was in Wes Craven's Deadly Friend (1986), as Paul Conway, a young genius who resurrects a dead girl using an artificial intelligence microchip from a robot he created that had previously been destroyed by a malicious neighbor.
He made guest appearances on numerous television shows, including The Rookies, The Bob Newhart Show, Mulligan's Stew, Lou Grant, Here's Boomer (spin-off of The Red Hand Gang), The Love Boat, Simon & Simon (crossover episode with Whiz Kids), Highway to Heaven, Night Court, Paradise, and Silk Stalkings.
More recently, Labyorteaux has worked as a voice actor, providing characterizations in video games and animated features, additional dialogue recording in film and television, and voice-over in advertisements.
Personal life[edit]
Labyorteaux was born in Los Angeles, the adopted son of Ronald Labyorteaux (1930–1992), an interior designer and talent agent, and actress Frances Marshall (1927–2012). He is the younger brother of Patrick (also adopted and also an actor), and Jane. According to a biography about Matthew published by A&E Television Networks, "He was diagnosed as being autistic, and experts told his parents that Labyorteaux might never lead a normal life."[4] An article in People magazine from 1978 said he was thought to be fully autistic for the first five years of his life.[5]
Labyorteaux is a skilled video game player. In October 1981 he finished in tenth place for Centipede at the Atari, Inc. world championships. In April 1982, he became the United States Pac-Man champion at a People-sponsored tournament, with a score of 1,200,000.[6]
In 1992, Matthew and Patrick founded the Youth Rescue Fund (which was partnered with Los Angeles Youth Supportive Services), a charity organization that assists young people in crisis, and they have since engaged in fundraising for youth shelters across the U.S. This organization no longer operates.
Filmography[edit]
Film and television
Year
Film
Role
Notes
1974 A Woman Under the Influence Angelo Longhetti Feature film
1975 The Rookies Jody Gifford Episode: "Lamb to the Slaughter"
1975 Phyllis Child Episode: "There's No Business Like No Business"
1976 Little House on the Prairie Young Charles Ingalls Episode: "Journey in the Spring" (Part 1)
1976 NBC Special Treat Billy Episode: "Papa and Me"
1976 The Practice Pete Episode: "Judy Sinclair"
1976 Doc David Episode: The Death of a Turtle
1976 The Bob Newhart Show Richie Episode: "My Boy Guillermo"
1977 A Circle of Children Brian O'Connell TV movie
1977 Most Wanted Billy Joe Nelson Episode: "The Tunnel Killer"
1977 Mulligan's Stew Duane Episode: "Biggest Mansion"
1977 The Red Hand Gang Frankie 12 episodes
1977 Tarantulas: The Deadly Cargo Matthew Beck TV movie
1977 Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman Johnny Doe / Wild Child 23 episodes
1978–83 Little House on the Prairie Albert Quinn Ingalls 88 episodes
1978 King of the Gypsies Middle Dave Feature film
1978 Killing Stone Christopher Stone TV movie
1979 Little House Years Albert Ingalls Movie
1979 Lou Grant Mark Donner Episode: "Kids"
1980 Here's Boomer Jesse Episode: "Jailbreak"
1980 The Aliens Are Coming Timmy Garner TV movie
1982 The Love Boat Chip Bronson Episode: "Winning Isn't Everything"
1983 Little House: Look Back to Yesterday Albert Ingalls TV movie
1983 Simon & Simon Richie Adler Episode: "Fly the Alibi Skies"
1983–84 Whiz Kids Richie Adler 18 episodes
1985 Amazing Stories Andy Episode: "Fine Tuning"
1985 Highway to Heaven Matt Haynes Episode: "The Right Thing"
1986 Shattered Spirits Ken Mollencamp TV movie
1986 Deadly Friend Paul Conway Feature film
1988 Hotel Mark Daniels Episode: "Double Take"
1989 Night Court Bobby Johnson Episode: "Branded" (Parts 1 & 2)
1990 Paradise Sam Devitt Episode: "The Coward"
1991 The Last to Go Nathan Holover TV movie
1991 Silk Stalkings Jason Dietz Episode: "Dirty Laundry"
1993 Barbarians at the Gate Teenage F. Ross Johnson TV movie (uncredited)
1995 Aaahh!!! Real Monsters Rob / Chuck (voice) Episode: "Eau de Krumm/O'Lucky Monster"
1998 Mulan Additional Voices Feature film
2003-2004 .hack// series Additional Voices Video games
2005-2006 G.I. Joe: Sigma 6 Scott Abernathy (voice) TV Series
2005-2008 Yu-Gi-Oh! GX Jaden Yuki (voice) TV Series
2006 Everyone's Hero Additional Voices Feature film
2006 Thrillville Adult Male 1 (voice) Video game
2007 Winx Club Nabu (voice) TV Series
2007 Thrillville: Off the Rails Accountant, Adult Male 1, Announcer, Tank Player (voice) Video game
2009 Bride Wars Additional Voices Feature film
2011 Yu-Gi-Oh!: Bonds Beyond Time Jaden Yuki (voice) Feature film
2011 Star Wars: The Old Republic Additional Voices Video game
2012 Kinect Star Wars Gold 5, Padawan 2 (voice) Video game
2013 The Wind Rises Additional Voices Feature film
2017 Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Links Jaden Yuki (voice) Video game
Accolades[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Title of work
Result
1983 Young Artist Awards Best Young Actor in a Drama Series Little House on the Prairie Nominated
1984 Young Artist Awards Best Young Actor in a New Television Series Whiz Kids Nominated
1984 Young Artist Awards Best Young Actor in a Drama Series Little House on the Prairie Nominated
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Reilly, S. (September 11, 1978). Donovan, H, ed. "Landon's Little Kids". People Weekly. Chicago, IL: Time. 10 (11): 92–96. ISSN 0093-7673. Retrieved August 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ Harris, H. (December 20, 1981). Roberts, E. L., Jr, ed. "Laborteaux Trio: Matt, Pat, and Mom" (PDF). The Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia, PA: J. S. Knight: TV04. ISSN 0885-6613. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Matthew Labyorteaux". IMdb. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Matthew Labyorteaux". Biography.com. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Cover Story: Landon's Little Kids – Vol. 10 No. 11". 11 September 1978.
Jump up ^ "Pac-Man Champ: Ready on the Set". Softline. September 1982. p. 9. Retrieved 27 July 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Matthew Labyorteaux.
Matthew Labyorteaux on IMDb
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Labyorteaux&oldid=804845365"
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Agitprop
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Agitprop (disambiguation).
Agitprop poster by Vladimir Mayakovsky titled: "Want it? Join"
"1. You want to overcome cold?
2. You want to overcome hunger?
3. You want to eat?
4. You want to drink?
Hasten to join shock brigades of exemplary labor!"
Agitprop (/ˈædʒɪtprɒp/; from Russian: агитпроп, tr. Agitpróp, portmanteau of "agitation" and "propaganda")[1] is political propaganda, especially the communist propaganda used in Soviet Russia, that is spread to the general public through popular media such as literature, plays, pamphlets, films, and other art forms with an explicitly political message.[2] In the Western world, agitprop often has a negative connotation.
The term originated in Soviet Russia as a shortened name for the Department for Agitation and Propaganda (отдел агитации и пропаганды, otdel agitatsii i propagandy), which was part of the central and regional committees of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The department was later renamed Ideological Department. Typically Russian agitprop explained the policies of the Communist Party and persuaded the general public to share its values and goals. In other contexts, propaganda could mean dissemination of any kind of beneficial knowledge, e.g., of new methods in agriculture. After the October Revolution of 1917, an agitprop train toured the country, with artists and actors performing simple plays and broadcasting propaganda.[3] It had a printing press on board the train to allow posters to be reproduced and thrown out of the windows if it passed through villages.[4]
It gave rise to agitprop theatre, a highly politicized left-wing theatre that originated in 1920s Europe and spread to the United States; the plays of Bertolt Brecht are a notable example.[5] Russian agitprop theater was noted for its cardboard characters of perfect virtue and complete evil, and its coarse ridicule.[6] Gradually the term agitprop came to describe any kind of highly politicized art.
Contents
[hide]
1 Forms
2 See also
3 Literature
4 References
5 Sources
6 External links
Forms[edit]
During Russian Civil War agitprop took various forms:
Bolshevik Propaganda Train
Censorship of the press: Bolshevik strategy from the beginning was to introduce censorship over the primary medium of information in the former Russian Empire in 1917, the newspaper.[7] The provisional government, born out of the March Revolution against the tsarist regime, abolished the age-old practice of censoring the press. This created free newspapers that survived on their own revenue. The Bolsheviks' power over the provisional government lay in the Petrograd Soviet of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies, because they could shut down industry and government by calling in workers and soldiers to strike and demonstrate. This ability to orchestrate strikes was especially helpful in the newspaper printing factories because a strike would mean a large loss in revenue, and the inability to continue to operate. The capability of strikes allowed the Bolsheviks to shut down any newspaper they wanted, creating a highly effective censorship mechanism that put a stop to the voice of the opposition. Lenin took control of the socialist newspaper Pravda, making it an outlet to spread Bolshevik agitprop, articles, and other media. With the Bolshevik capability to censor and shut down newspapers of opposing or rival factions, Pravda was able to become the dominant source of written information for the population in regions controlled by the Red Army .[8]
Top: Woman, learn to read and write! Bottom: Oh, Mommy! If you were literate, you could help me! A poster by Elizaveta Kruglikova advocating female literacy dating from 1923
Oral-agitation networks: The Bolshevik leadership understood that to build a lasting regime, they would need to win the support of the mass population of Russian peasants. To do this, Lenin organized a Communist party that attracted demobilized soldiers and others to become indoctrinated in Bolshevik ideology, dressed up in uniforms and sent to travel the countryside as agitators to the peasants.[9] The oral-agitation networks established a presence in the isolated rural areas of Russia, expanding Communist power.
Agitational trains and ships: To expand the reach of the oral-agitation networks, the Bolsheviks pioneered using modern transportation to reach deeper into Russia. The trains and ships carried agitators armed with leaflets, posters and other various forms of agitprop. The agitational trains expanded the reach of agitators into Eastern Europe, and allowed for the establishment of agitprop stations, consisting of libraries of propaganda material. The trains were also equipped with radios, and their own printing press, so they could report to Moscow the political climate of the given region, and receive instruction on how to custom print propaganda on the spot to better take advantage of the situation.[10]
Literacy campaign: Lenin understood that in order to increase the effectiveness of his propaganda, the cultural level of the Russian people would have to be raised by bringing down the illiteracy rate.[11] The peasant society of Russia in 1917 was largely illiterate making it difficult to reach them through printed agitprop. Lenin created the People’s Commissariat of Enlightenment to spearhead the war on illiteracy.[12] Instructors were trained in 1919, and sent to the countryside to create more instructors and expand the operation into a network of illiteracy centers. New textbooks were created, containing Bolshevik ideology to indoctrinate the newly literate members of Soviet society, and the literacy training in the army was expanded.[13]
See also[edit]
Agit-train
Blue Blouse
Communist propaganda
Propaganda in the Soviet Union
Left Column (theater troupe)
Russian Telegraph Agency (ROSTA)
Literature[edit]
The Soviet Propaganda Machine, Martin Ebon, McGraw-Hill 1987, ISBN 0-07-018862-9
Rusnock, K. A. (2003). "Agitprop". In Millar, James. Encyclopedia of Russian History. Gale Group, Inc. ISBN 0-02-865693-8.
Vellikkeel Raghavan (2009). Agitation Propaganda Theatre. Chandigarh: Unistar Books. ISBN 81-7142-917-3.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Leshchenko, Svetlana (December 6, 2015). Modern Russian-English Dictionary. Lulu Press, Inc. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-329-74063-1.
Jump up ^ The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica Article (July 11, 2002). "agitprop". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Agitprop Train". YouTube. 2007-06-15. Retrieved 2009-05-09.
Jump up ^ Paul A. Smith, On Political War, p. 124, National Defense University Press, 1989
Jump up ^ Richard Bodek (1998) "Proletarian Performance in Weimar Berlin: Agitprop, Chorus, and Brecht", ISBN 1-57113-126-4
Jump up ^ Richard Pipes, Russia Under the Bolshevik Regime, p. 303, ISBN 978-0-394-50242-7
Jump up ^ Kenez, pp. 5–7
Jump up ^ Kenez, pp. 29-31
Jump up ^ Kenez, pp. 51-53
Jump up ^ Kenez, p. 59.
Jump up ^ Kenez, p. 70
Jump up ^ Kenez, p. 74
Jump up ^ Kenez, pp. 77-78
Sources[edit]
Schütz, Gertrud (1988). Kleines Politisches Wörterbuch. Berlin: Dietz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-320-01177-2.
Kenez, Peter (November 29, 1985). The Birth of the Propaganda State: Soviet Methods of Mass Mobilization, 1917–1929. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 342. ISBN 978-0-521-31398-8.
Ellul, Jacques (1973). Propaganda: The Formation of Men's Attitudes. New York: Vintage Books. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-394-71874-3.
Tzu, Sun (1977). Samuel B. Griffith (translator), ed. The Art of War. Oxford University Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-19-501476-1.
Lasswell, Harold D. (April 15, 1971). Propaganda Technique in World War I. M.I.T. Press. p. 268. ISBN 978-0-262-62018-5.
Huxley, Aldous (1958). Brave New World Revisited. New York: Harper & Row.
Andrew, Christopher; Mitrokhin, Vasili (September 20, 2005). The World Was Going Our Way: The KGB and the Battle for the Third World. New York: Basic Books. p. 736. ISBN 978-0-465-00311-2.
Andrew, Christopher (March 1, 1996). For the President's Eyes Only: Secret Intelligence and the American Presidency from Washington to Bush. New York: HarperPerennial. ISBN 978-0-06-092178-1.
Riedel, Bruce (March 15, 2010). The Search for Al Qaeda: Its Leadership, Ideology, and Future (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-0451-5.
Clark, Charles E. (2000). Uprooting Otherness: The Literacy Campaign in Nep-Era Russia. Susquehanna University Press.
External links[edit]
The dictionary definition of agitprop at Wiktionary
Media related to Propaganda of the Soviet Union at Wikimedia Commons
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agitprop&oldid=813778881"
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text:
Chronograph
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For an instrument used to measure the velocity of a projectile, see gun chronograph.
Electa Pocket Chronograph (ca. 1890s) manufactured by the Gallet Watch Company in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland.
Gallet MultiChron Astronomic (ca. 1959)—complex mechanical chronograph with 12-hour recoding capabilities, automatic day, date, month, and moon phase display
Tianjin Sea-Gull ST1901 chronograph movement (based on the Swiss Venus 175)
Citizen Atessa Eco-Drive ATV53-3023 analog-digital chronograph with 4 area Radio Controlled reception (North America, Europe, China, Japan).
A chronograph is a specific type of watch that is used as a stopwatch combined with a display watch. A basic chronograph has an independent sweep second hand; it can be started, stopped, and returned to zero by successive pressure on the stem. Less simple chronographs use additional complications and can have multiple independent hands to measure seconds, minutes, hours and even tenths of a second. In addition, many modern chronographs use moveable bezels as tachymeters for rapid calculations of speed or distance. Louis Moinet invented the chronograph in 1816 for use in tracking astronomical objects.[1][2] Chronographs were also used heavily in artillery fire in the mid to late 1800s. More modern uses of chronographs involve piloting airplanes, car racing, diving and submarine maneuvering.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Uses
3 Function
4 Types
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
The term chronograph comes from the Greek word for time, "chronos", combined with the Greek word for writing, "graph". Early versions of the chronograph are the only ones that actually used any "writing": marking the dial with a small pen attached to the index so that the length of the pen mark would indicate how much time has elapsed.[3][4][5][6] The first modern chronograph was invented by Louis Moinet in 1816,[7] solely for working with astronomical equipment. It was Nicolas Mathieu Rieussec who developed the first marketed chronograph at the behest of King Louis XVIII in 1821. The King greatly enjoyed watching horse races, but wanted to know exactly how long each race lasted, so Rieussec was commissioned to invent a contraption that would do the job: as a result he developed the first ever commercialized chronograph. Rieussec was considered the inventor of the chronograph until the Louis Moinet pocket chronograph discovery in 2013 when history was rewritten.[8]
In 1915, Gaston Breitling produced the first chronograph with a central seconds hand and a 30-minute counter. Later, in 1923, Gaston Breitling introduced the first chronograph with a separate pusher at 2 o'clock. In 1934 Willy Breitling further developed the concept of the chronograph with the addition of the second pusher at 4 o'clock. Since then the 3-pusher chronograph design has been adopted by the entire industry. [9]
In 1844 Adolphe Nicole's updated version of the chronograph was the first to include a re-setting feature which now allowed successive measurements, unlike the constantly moving needle in the original chronograph.[5][10]
In the early part of the 20th century, many chronographs were sold with fixed bezels marked in order to function as a tachymeter. In 1958 the watch company Heuer introduced a model with a rotating bezel tachymeter for more complex calculations.[11][12]
Chronographs were very popular with aviators as they allowed them to make rapid calculations and conduct precise timing. The demand for chronographs grew along with the aviation industry in the early part of the 20th century. As the US exploration of outer space initially involved only test pilots, by order of President Eisenhower,[13][14] chronographs were on the wrists of many early astronauts. Chronograph usage followed a similar trajectory for many fields that involve very precise and/or repeated timing around increasingly more complicated high performance machinery, automobile racing and naval submarine navigation being two examples. As different uses for the chronograph were discovered, the industry responded with different models introducing such features as the 'flyback' (where the second hand could be rapidly reset to zero), minute and hour timers, Rattrapante (or multiple second hands one of which can be stopped and started independently) and waterproof models for divers and swimmers.
Although self winding watches and clockwork have been around since the late 1700s, the automatic (self winding) chronograph was not invented until 1964, when Seiko launched the crown chronograph for the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. In 1969, watch companies Heuer, Breitling, and Hamilton, and movement specialist Dubois Depraz, developed it in partnership. They developed this technology secretly in an effort to prevent other companies from beating them to the patent. It was in Geneva and in New York that this partnership shared the first Swiss automatic chronograph with the world on March 3, 1969. These first automatic chronographs were labeled "Chrono-matic".[15][16]
Many companies sell their own styles of chronographs. While today most chronographs are in the form of wrist watches, in the early 20th century pocket chronographs were very popular.[17]
Uses[edit]
The term chronograph is often confused with the term chronometer. Where "Chronograph" refers to the function of a watch, chronometer is a measure of how well a given timepiece performs: in order to be labeled a chronometer the timepiece must be certified by the COSC, the official Swiss Chronometer testing institute,[17] after undergoing a series of rigorous tests for robustness, accuracy and precision under adverse conditions. A simple watch, without the stopwatch functionality, can be certified a chronometer, as can a clock, for example a ship's clock be used for navigation. The terms are not mutually exclusive either, for instance the Omega Seamaster 300M Chronograph GMT Co-Axial is also a COSC certified chronometer[18]
Originally the term chronograph was mainly used in connection with artillery and the velocity of missiles. The Chronograph’s main function is to allow a comparison of observation between a time base and, before the electronic stopwatch was invented, a permanent recording of the observer’s findings. For example, one of the first applications of the chronograph was to record the time elapsed during horse races.[10]
Some more important uses of the chronograph include the Langley Chronograph, which is used by the US Navy to record, calculate, and analyse data given off by aeroplane launching catapults. Another famous usage of the chronograph was during all of NASA’s Apollo missions to the moon, each astronaut was equipped with a fully functioning chronograph, the Omega Speedmaster. You can now find chronographs that are used to record heart beats within hospitals, calculate speed and/or distance on an athletic field, or even as simple as a cooking tool for the kitchen.[4][19][20][21]
Function[edit]
Chronographs can be extremely complicated devices, but they all have the basic function of telling time, as they are watches, and of displaying elapsed time. Rieussec’s chronograph was fairly simple. It was composed of two faces, a top and bottom face. The bottom face held a pool of ink, while the upper had a pen-like needle attached to it. When activated, the upper face pushed down on the lower face, while revolving around a central axis, which pulled the needle. This dragged the ink, in a circular fashion, recording the time elapsed by the line of ink that the motion created. There was room left for improvement, because Rieussec’s chronograph was not easily ready for multiple uses.[3][5]
This paved the way for the hundreds of patents that have been handed out to people for updating and upgrading this device. Automatic, non-digital chronographs do not require a battery, because the arm or wrist of the wearer creates kinetic energy, which results in the total energy source needed for this device to work. Throughout the day, while the wearer of the watch is walking, the swinging motion of his arm forces a semicircular rotor to turn on a pivot within the watch. The rotor is attached to a ratchet that winds the mainspring in the watch, so that it is ready for use at all times.[3][22]
The modern day chronograph works by pushing a start button, normally located at the two o'clock position, to begin recording time, and by pushing the same button to stop the recording. When the button is pushed to start the recording, a series of three (in more complicated and more precise chronographs there are more wheels) train wheels start turning. The smallest has a revolution time of one second, the next sixty seconds, and the final one has a revolution time of sixty minutes. The three train wheels interact with one another and record how long it has been since the start button has been activated.[22]
Tachymeter bezels are a complication that allows rapid calculations of speed or distance. Rotating bezels allow for more complex calculations or repeated calculations without requiring a reset of the timer.[11][12]
Types[edit]
A 'Seiko Automatic-Chronograph' Cal. 6139, the Pogue Seiko, the first automatic chronograph in space[23][24]
Seiko Flyback-Automatic-Chronograph Cal. 7016, the so-called „Seiko-Monaco“ (1976).
The original chronographs that Rieussec invented were called tape chronographs. They consisted of a tape that was constantly being dragged along at a controlled speed. When activated, a pen would be pushed onto the tape and begin recording until deactivated.[10]
Specialized chronographs are used by deep sea and scuba divers. While basic functionality is the same as other chronographs, diving models have longer and more practical straps to wear over equipment, are made to be waterproof to deeper depths, have more rounded corners to prevent catching and luminous dials for reading in the murky depths. Also divers chronographs are fitted with large bezels that have at least one luminous marking: at the start of a dive the bezel is rotated to place the marking at the extent of time allowed by the air supply giving the ability to very quickly determine how much time remains for safe diving. Surface supplied divers can use the same to make quick calculations of distance traveled over time.
Metered bezels: Many chronographs have a bezel, that is either fixed or can rotate, around the outside of the dial that is marked to specific scales to allow rapid calculations. While any wristwatch can have a bezel, the chronograph stop start feature, as well as the rotation of the bezel, allows more complex calculations or repeated measurements for a series of calculations. The most popular meter is for Tachymeter readings: a simple scale that allows rapid calculations of speed. Other bezels feature Telemeter scale, for distance. The watchmaking company Breitling offers a model with a rotating bezel, in conjunction with another, fixed, meter on the dial, scaled for use as a slide rule for more complex calculations.
Flyback chronographs have a timing hand that can be rapidly reset, or 'flyback', to zero. Ordinarily the sweep second hand is stopped to record the time and started again at that spot on the dial, or reset by spinning the second hand all the way to zero again, clockwise. The flyback allows a reading and a quick reset, a counterclockwise 'flyback', for the next measurement to start at zero.[8]
Rattrapante, sometimes called a "double chronograph", have multiple second hands, at least one of which can be stopped and started independently. When not activated the second hands travel together, one under the other, to appear as just one second hand.[8]
Tourbillon. Although not strictly limited to chronographs, a tourbillon is an escapement set in a cage and placed in a rotating balance in order to minimize the effects of gravity on the escapement and increase precision. Because chronograph escapements are generally larger and connect with more complications a tourbillion in a chronograph will differ from a tourbillion in a more simple timepiece.
Other types of modern-day chronographs are the automatic chronograph and the digital chronograph. The automatic chronograph depends solely on kinetic energy as its power source, while the digital chronograph is much like the common stopwatch and uses a battery to gain power as well as quartz for timing.
Other, more specific, types of chronographs include split second chronographs, tide chronographs, and asthometer chronographs. Each of these chronographs has an added feature that sets them apart.[25]
See also[edit]
Louis Moinet - Inventor of the Chronograph
Double chronograph
Flyback chronograph
Complication (horology)
Chronometer (disambiguation)
Marine chronometer
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Worldtempus, Louis Moinet The chronograph's inventor
Jump up ^ Elizabeth Doerr, Forbes, History Rebooted: The Chronograph's Inventor is...Louis Moinet! .
^ Jump up to: a b c Hood, Peter. How Time Is Measured. London: Oxford U.P., 1969. Print.
^ Jump up to: a b Cowan, Harrison J. Time and Its Measurement; from the Stone Age to the Nuclear Age. Cleveland: World Pub., 1958. Print.
^ Jump up to: a b c Chronographs Archived October 13, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 25 March 2012
Jump up ^ https://www.wired.com/2011/04/skywatch-chrono/ Wired (magazine)
Jump up ^ Louis Moinet unveils the world's first chronograph, Monochrome-watches Archived March 25, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b c A technical perspective, the chronograph, Xavier Markl, Monochrome-watches
Jump up ^ https://www.watch-wiki.net/index.php?title=Breitling
^ Jump up to: a b c De, Carle Donald. Watch and Clock Encyclopedia. Ipswich England: N.A.G., 1983. Print.
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.onthedash.com/thoughts/heuers-innovation-the-rotating-tachymeter-bezel-for-race-timing/
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-tachymeter.htm
Jump up ^ "James H. Ragan: NASA's man behind the MoonWatch". Press Release. OMEGA SA. 21 July 2009. Retrieved 9 April 2011.
Jump up ^ Linz, Alexander; James H. Ragan (June 2009). "How Omega Got to the Moon". Watch Time: 124–125. Once and for all: it never happened that way. That story s a complete invention.
Jump up ^ "Chronometer". Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th Edition (2011)
Jump up ^ Stein, Jeffrey M. (2008), Project 99 – The Race to Develop the First Automatic Chronograph
^ Jump up to: a b So what is a Chronograph and why is a Chronometer? Archived November 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. chronograph.org.uk Accessed 25 MAR 2012.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Baugh, Frank G.; Benjamin Jr, Ludy T. (2006). "Walter Miles, Pop Warner, B. C. Graves, and the Psychology of Football". Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences. 42 (1): 3–18. doi:10.1002/jhbs.20134.
Jump up ^ Vroom, G. B. (1923). "THE LANGLEY CHRONOGRAPH". Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers. 35: 375–380. doi:10.1111/j.1559-3584.1923.tb00184.x.
Jump up ^ Jin-He, Tao (2006). "The General Method For Fixing the Gauges of Relativistic Astronomical Reference Systems". Astrophysics & Space Science. 302 (1-4): 93–98.
^ Jump up to: a b Mond, Robert L., and Meyer Wilderman. "A New Improved Type of Chronograph". Philosophical Magazine Series 6 (2003). Taylor and Francis, 16 Apr. 2009.
Jump up ^ William Pogue's Seiko 6139 Watch Flown on Board the Skylab 4 Mission, from his Personal Collection... The First Automatic Chronograph to be Worn in Space.
Jump up ^ The "Colonel Pogue" Seiko 6139, dreamchrono.com.
Jump up ^ Chronograph Functions Archived November 27, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Chronomaster Mechanical Watches. Accessed 25 March 2012.
External links[edit]
Chronograph watches Keulen, Robert. 1996. Accessed 25 MAR 2012
Patek Philippe Chronograph Comparison Gray & Sons NOV 2014
A technical perspective, the chronograph, Monochrome-watches, Xavier Markl, February 2016
TAG Heuer’s 01 chronograph watch movement explained with videos WatchTime June 2016
Cronosurf - The online chronograph
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text:
Picnic at Hanging Rock (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Picnic at Hanging Rock
Amazon Video promotional poster
Genre
Mystery
Romance
Drama[1]
Based on
Picnic at Hanging Rock
by Joan Lindsay
Written by
Beatrix Christian
Alice Addison
Directed by
Michael Rymer
Larysa Kondracki
Amanda Brotchie
Composer(s)
Cezary and Jan Skubiszewski[1]
Country of origin
Australia
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
6[1]
Production
Executive producer(s)
Jo Porter
Anthony Ellis
Penny Win
Producer(s)
Brett Popplewell[1]
Antonia Barnard[1]
Jo Porter[1]
Editor(s)
Geoff Hitchins[1]
Anne Carter[1]
Running time
60 minutes[1]
Production company(s)
FremantleMedia Australia
Distributor
FremantleMedia
Release
Original network
Showcase
Picture format
576i (SDTV)
1080i (HDTV)
Original release
6 May 2018 (2018-05-06) – present (present)
External links
Showcase - Picnic at Hanging Rock
Picnic at Hanging Rock is an Australian mystery romantic drama television series that premiered on Foxtel's Showcase on 6 May 2018.[2] The series was adapted from Joan Lindsay's 1967 novel of the same name about a group of schoolgirls who, while on an outing to Hanging Rock, mysteriously disappear.
Contents
[hide]
1 Production
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Supporting cast
3 Episodes
4 Broadcast
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Production[edit]
Filming commenced in February 2017 at Labassa, Caulfield, Mandeville Hall, Toorak, Rippon Lea, Elsternwick, Werribee Park, as well as Lysterfield Park and Fraser St Clunes.
Cast and characters[edit]
Natalie Dormer as Mrs Hester Appleyard, headmistress
Lily Sullivan as Miranda Reid
Lola Bessis as Mademoiselle Dianne de Poitiers, mistress of French Conversation
Harrison Gilbertson as Michael Fitzhubert
Samara Weaving as Irma Leopold
Madeleine Madden as Marion Quade
Inez Curro as Sara Waybourne
Ruby Rees as Edith Horton
Yael Stone as Miss Dora Lumley, mistress of Deportment and Bible Studies
Philip Quast as Arthur Appleyard, Hester's late husband
Supporting cast[edit]
Anna McGahan as Miss Greta McCraw, mistress of Geography and Mathematics
Sibylla Budd as Mrs Valange, mistress of Art and Literature
Randall Berger
Kate Bradford as Rose Kenton
Mark Coles Smith as Tom
Ines English
Kaarin Fairfax as Cook
John Flaus as Mr. Whitehead, the gardener
Mayah Fredes as Rosamund Swift
Roslyn Gentle as Mrs. Fitzhubert
Marcus Graham as Tomasetti
Emily Gruhl as Minnie
Kym Gyngell as Charlie Seymour-Baker
Don Hany as Dr. Mackenzie
Huw Higginson as Jasper Cosgrove
James Hoare as Albert Crundall
Rob Jacobson
Felix Johnson as Trooper Nolan
Markella Kavenagh as Myrtle
Julie Nihill as Mrs. Horton
Jonny Pasvolsky as Sgt. Bumpher
Alyssa Tuddenham as Lily Kenton
Bethany Whitmore as Blanche Gifford
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
1
"Episode One" Larysa Kondracki Beatrix Christian 6 May 2018 (2018-05-06)[3]
2
"Episode Two" Larysa Kondracki Beatrix Christian 6 May 2018 (2018-05-06)[3]
3
"Episode Three" Larysa Kondracki Alice Addison & Beatrix Christian 6 May 2018 (2018-05-06)[3]
4
"Episode Four" Amanda Brotchie Alice Addison 6 May 2018 (2018-05-06)[3]
5
"Episode Five" Michael Rymer Alice Addison 6 May 2018 (2018-05-06)[3]
6
"Episode Six" Michael Rymer Beatrix Christian 6 May 2018 (2018-05-06)[3]
Broadcast[edit]
The series premiered in Australia on Showcase in 2018.[4] The program was acquired by the BBC in the United Kingdom, Canal+ in France and Amazon Video in the United States.[5] The series was also broadcast in Greece by ERT.
See also[edit]
Picnic at Hanging Rock, a 1975 film adaptation
Picnic at Hanging Rock, the novel
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Picnic at Hanging Rock". screenaustralia.gov.au. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Knox, David (15 February 2018). "Airdate: Picnic at Hanging Rock". TV Tonight. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Picnic at Hanging Rock". Foxtel. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "Picnic at Hanging Rock". Showcase. 7 December 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
Jump up ^ Clarke, Stewart (7 December 2017). "Picnic at Hanging Rock for 2018 TV debut". The West Australian. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
External links[edit]
Picnic at Hanging Rock - Foxtel
Picnic at Hanging Rock on IMDb
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Picnic_at_Hanging_Rock_(TV_series)&oldid=845846736"
Categories:
2018 Australian television series debuts
2010s Australian drama television series
2010s mystery television series
English-language television programs
Showcase Australia shows
Television shows set in Victoria (Australia)
Television programs based on Australian novels
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All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English
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This page was last edited on 14 June 2018, at 15:00.
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values: Picnic at Hanging Rock (Fernsehserie) – German

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