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List of amendments to the United States Constitution
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This article is about the 33 constitutional amendments approved by Congress and sent to the states for ratification since 1789. For proposals to amend the United States Constitution introduced in but not approved by the U.S. Congress, see List of proposed amendments to the United States Constitution.
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Thirty-three amendments to the United States Constitution have been proposed by the United States Congress and sent to the states for ratification since the Constitution was put into operation on March 4, 1789. Twenty-seven of these, having been ratified by the requisite number of states, are part of the Constitution. The first ten amendments were adopted and ratified simultaneously and are known collectively as the Bill of Rights. Six amendments adopted by Congress and sent to the states have not been ratified by the required number of states. Four of these amendments are still technically open and pending, one is closed and has failed by its own terms, and one is closed and has failed by the terms of the resolution proposing it.
Article Five of the United States Constitution detailed the two-step process for amending the nation's frame of government. Amendments must be properly Proposed and Ratified before becoming operative. This process was designed to strike a balance between the excesses of constant change and inflexibility.[1]
An amendment may be proposed and sent to the states for ratification by either:
The United States Congress, whenever a two-thirds majority in both the Senate and the House of Representatives deem it necessary;
OR
A national convention, called by Congress for this purpose, on the application of the legislatures of two-thirds (currently 34) of the states.
To become part of the Constitution, an amendment must be ratified by either (as determined by Congress):
The legislatures of three-fourths (currently 38) of the states, within the stipulated time period—if any;
OR
State ratifying conventions in three-fourths (currently 38) of the states, within the stipulated time period—if any.
Upon being properly ratified, an amendment becomes an operative addition to the Constitution.
Approximately 11,539 proposals to amend the Constitution have been introduced in Congress since 1789 (as of December 2014).[2] Collectively, members of the House and Senate typically propose around 200 amendments during each two–year term of Congress.[3] Most, however, never get out of the Congressional committees in which they were proposed, and only a fraction of those that do receive enough support to win Congressional approval to go through the constitutional ratification process. Beginning in the early 20th century, Congress has usually, but not always, stipulated that an amendment must be ratified by the required number of states within seven years from the date of its submission to the states in order to become part of the Constitution. Congress' authority to set ratification deadline was affirmed by the United States Supreme Court in Coleman v. Miller, 307 U.S. 433 (1939).
The thirty-three amendments to the United States Constitution—both ratified and unratified—are listed and detailed in the tables below.
Contents
[hide]
1 Ratified amendments
1.1 Synopsis of each ratified amendment
1.2 Summation of ratification data for each ratified amendment
2 Unratified amendments
2.1 Synopsis of each unratified amendment
2.2 Summation of ratification data for each unratified amendment
3 See also
4 References
5 Sources
6 External links
Ratified amendments[edit]
Synopsis of each ratified amendment[edit]
No.
Subject
Date submitted for Ratification[4]
Date ratification completed[4]
Ratification time span
1st Prohibits Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, impeding the free exercise of religion, abridging the freedom of speech, infringing on the freedom of the press, interfering with the right to peaceably assemble or prohibiting the petitioning for a governmental redress of grievances. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
2nd Protects the right to keep and bear arms. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
3rd Places restrictions on the quartering of soldiers in private homes without the owner's consent, prohibiting it during peacetime. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
4th Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and sets out requirements for search warrants based on probable cause as determined by a neutral judge or magistrate. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
5th Sets out rules for indictment by grand jury and eminent domain, protects the right to due process, and prohibits self-incrimination and double jeopardy. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
6th Protects the right to a fair and speedy public trial by jury, including the rights to be notified of the accusations, to confront the accuser, to obtain witnesses and to retain counsel. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
7th Provides for the right to trial by jury in certain civil cases, according to common law. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
8th Prohibits excessive fines and excessive bail, as well as cruel and unusual punishment. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
9th Protects rights not enumerated in the Constitution. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
10th Reinforces the principle of federalism by stating that the federal government possesses only those powers delegated to it by the states or the people through the Constitution. September 25, 1789 December 15, 1791 2 years
2 months
20 days
11th Makes states immune from suits from out-of-state citizens and foreigners not living within the state borders; lays the foundation for sovereign immunity. March 4, 1794 February 7, 1795 11 months
3 days
12th Revises presidential election procedures by having the President and Vice President elected together as opposed to the Vice President being the runner up. December 9, 1803 June 15, 1804 6 months
6 days
13th Abolishes slavery, and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. January 31, 1865 December 6, 1865 10 months
6 days
14th Defines citizenship, contains the Privileges or Immunities Clause, the Due Process Clause, the Equal Protection Clause, and deals with post–Civil War issues. June 13, 1866 July 9, 1868 2 years
0 months
26 days
15th Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on race, color or previous condition of servitude. February 26, 1869 February 3, 1870 11 months
8 days
16th Permits Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. July 12, 1909 February 3, 1913 3 years
6 months
22 days
17th Establishes the direct election of United States Senators by popular vote. May 13, 1912 April 8, 1913 10 months
26 days
18th Prohibited the manufacturing or sale of alcohol within the United States.
(Repealed December 5, 1933, via 21st Amendment.) December 18, 1917 January 16, 1919 1 year
0 months
29 days
19th Prohibits the denial of the right to vote based on sex. June 4, 1919 August 18, 1920 1 year
2 months
14 days
20th Changes the date on which the terms of the President and Vice President (January 20) and Senators and Representatives (January 3) end and begin. March 2, 1932 January 23, 1933 10 months
21 days
21st Repeals the 18th Amendment and makes it a federal offense to transport or import intoxicating liquors into US states and territories where such transport or importation is prohibited by the laws of those states and territories. February 20, 1933 December 5, 1933 9 months
15 days
22nd Limits the number of times that a person can be elected president: a person cannot be elected president more than twice, and a person who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected cannot be elected more than once. March 24, 1947 February 27, 1951 3 years
11 months
6 days
23rd Grants the District of Columbia electors (the number of electors being equal to the least populous state) in the Electoral College. June 16, 1960 March 29, 1961 9 months
12 days
24th Prohibits the revocation of voting rights due to the non-payment of a poll tax or any other tax. September 14, 1962 January 23, 1964 1 year
4 months
27 days
25th Addresses succession to the Presidency and establishes procedures both for filling a vacancy in the office of the Vice President, as well as responding to Presidential disabilities. July 6, 1965 February 10, 1967 1 year
7 months
4 days
26th Prohibits the denial of the right of US citizens, eighteen years of age or older, to vote on account of age. March 23, 1971 July 1, 1971 3 months
8 days
27th Delays laws affecting Congressional salary from taking effect until after the next election of representatives. September 25, 1789 May 5, 1992[5] 202 years
7 months
10 days
Summation of ratification data for each ratified amendment[edit]
" Y " indicates that state ratified amendment
" N " indicates that state rejected amendment
" Y(‡) " indicates that state ratified amendment after first rejecting it
" Y(×) " indicates that state ratified amendment, later recinded that ratification, but subsequently re-ratified it
" — " indicates that state did not complete action on amendment
" … " indicates that amendment was ratified before state joined the Union
State
(in order of statehood)
1–10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Delaware Y Y N Y(‡) Y(‡) Y(‡) Y Y(‡) Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Pennsylvania Y — Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y —
New Jersey Y — Y Y(‡) Y(×) Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Georgia Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y — Y Y(‡) Y — Y — — — Y Y
Connecticut Y Y N Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Massachusetts Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y Y —
Maryland Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y(‡) Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
South Carolina Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y — Y Y(‡) Y N Y — — Y Y Y
New Hampshire Y Y Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Virginia Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y N — Y Y(‡) Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y
New York Y Y Y Y Y Y(×) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y —
North Carolina Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y — Y Y Y Y
Rhode Island Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y N Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y Y
Vermont Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Kentucky … Y Y Y(‡) Y(‡) Y(‡) Y — Y Y Y Y — — Y Y — Y
Tennessee … … Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Ohio … … Y Y Y(×) Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Louisiana … … … Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y — Y — — Y Y Y
Indiana … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Mississippi … … … Y(‡) Y Y Y — Y Y(‡) Y — Y — N Y — —
Illinois … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Alabama … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Maine … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Missouri … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Arkansas … … … Y Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y N — Y Y Y
Michigan … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Florida … … … Y Y Y — — Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y — Y
Texas … … … Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y
Iowa … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Wisconsin … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
California … … … Y Y Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Minnesota … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Oregon … … … Y Y(×) Y(‡) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Kansas … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y Y Y
West Virginia … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y Y
Nevada … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y
Nebraska … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y Y Y
Colorado … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
North Dakota … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y — — Y
South Dakota … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y — — Y
Montana … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Washington … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y Y Y
Idaho … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y
Wyoming … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y Y Y
Utah … … … … … … N N Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y
Oklahoma … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y — N Y — Y Y Y
New Mexico … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y
Arizona … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y Y — Y — Y Y Y
Alaska … … … … … … … … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y
Hawaii … … … … … … … … … … … … … Y Y Y Y Y
State
(in order of statehood)
1–10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Unratified amendments[edit]
Synopsis of each unratified amendment[edit]
Title
Subject
Status
Congressional Apportionment Amendment Would strictly regulate the size of congressional districts for representation in the House of Representatives. Pending since September 25, 1789
Titles of Nobility Amendment Would strip citizenship from any United States citizen who accepts a title of nobility from a foreign country. Pending since May 1, 1810
Corwin Amendment Would make the states' "domestic institutions" (slavery) impervious to the constitutional amendment procedures established in Article V and immune to abolition or interference from Congress. Pending since March 2, 1861
Child Labor Amendment Would empower the federal government to limit, regulate, and prohibit child labor. Pending since June 2, 1924
Equal Rights Amendment Would have prohibited deprivation of equality of rights by the federal or state governments on account of sex. Initial ratification period ended March 22, 1979, and extension period ended June 30, 1982; amendment failed
District of Columbia Voting Rights Amendment Would have treated the District of Columbia as if it were a state regarding representation in the United States Congress (including repealing the 23rd Amendment), representation in the Electoral College and participation in the process by which the Constitution is amended. Ratification period ended August 22, 1985; amendment failed
Summation of ratification data for each unratified amendment[edit]
" Y " indicates that state ratified amendment
" N " indicates that state rejected amendment
" Y(‡) " indicates that state ratified amendment after first rejecting it
" Y(×) " indicates that state ratified amendment, but later recinded that ratification
" ⋈ " indicates that state did not complete action on amendment during stated ratification period.
" " An empty cell indicates that state has not completed action on pending amendment.
State
(in alphabetical order)
Congressional Apportionment
Titles of Nobility
Corwin
Child Labor
Equal Rights
District of Columbia Voting Rights
Alabama ⋈ ⋈
Alaska Y ⋈
Arizona Y ⋈ ⋈
Arkansas Y ⋈ ⋈
California Y Y ⋈
Colorado Y Y ⋈
Connecticut N N N Y Y
Delaware N Y N Y Y
Florida N ⋈ ⋈
Georgia N Y N ⋈ ⋈
Hawaii Y Y
Idaho Y Y(×) ⋈
Illinois Y Y ⋈ ⋈
Indiana Y(‡) Y ⋈
Iowa Y Y Y
Kansas Y(‡) Y ⋈
Kentucky Y Y Y Y(‡) Y(×) ⋈
Louisiana N ⋈ Y
Maine Y(‡) Y Y
Maryland Y Y Y(×) N Y Y
Massachusetts N Y N Y Y
Michigan Y Y Y
Minnesota Y(‡) Y Y
Mississippi ⋈ ⋈
Missouri N ⋈ ⋈
Montana Y Y ⋈
Nebraska Y(×) ⋈
Nevada Y Y ⋈
New Hampshire Y Y Y(‡) Y ⋈
New Jersey Y Y Y Y Y
New Mexico Y(‡) Y ⋈
New York Y N Y ⋈
North Carolina Y Y N ⋈ ⋈
North Dakota Y Y ⋈
Ohio Y Y(×) Y Y Y
Oklahoma Y ⋈ ⋈
Oregon Y Y Y
Pennsylvania Y(‡) Y Y(‡) Y ⋈
Rhode Island Y N Y Y Y
South Carolina Y N ⋈ ⋈
South Dakota N Y(×) ⋈
Tennessee Y N Y(×) ⋈
Texas N Y ⋈
Utah Y(‡) ⋈ ⋈
Vermont Y Y N Y ⋈
Virginia Y N ⋈ ⋈
Washington Y Y ⋈
West Virginia Y Y Y
Wisconsin Y Y Y
Wyoming Y Y ⋈
Number of ratifications:
11
12
5(×2)
28
36(×5)
16
See also[edit]
History of the United States Constitution
Convention to propose amendments to the United States Constitution
References[edit]
Jump up ^ England, Trent & Spalding, Matthew. "Essays on Article V: Amendments". The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Measures Proposed to Amend the Constitution". Statistics & Lists. United States Senate.
Jump up ^ "C-SPAN's Capitol Questions". Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
^ Jump up to: a b U.S. Congress, House. The Constitution of the United States of America, As Amended, H. Doc. 102-188, 102nd Cong., 2nd sess., (Washington: GPO, 1992).
Jump up ^ The U.S. Constitution and Constitutional Law. Britannica Educational Publishing. 2012. pp. 105–108. ISBN 9781615307555.
Sources[edit]
Congressional Research Service. (1992). The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation. (Senate Document No. 103–6). (Johnny H. Killian and George A. Costello, Eds.). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office.
External links[edit]
U.S. Constitution, FindLaw.com
The United States Constitution, USConstitution.net
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The rich get richer and the poor get poorer
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the catchphrase. For the theoretical process, see wealth concentration. For a full discussion of the social, economic, and political phenomena to which the phrase refers, see economic inequality.
"The rich get richer and the poor get poorer" is an aphorism due to Percy Bysshe Shelley. In A Defence of Poetry (1821, not published until 1840) Shelley remarked that the promoters of utility had
exemplified the saying, “To him that hath, more shall be given; and from him that hath not, the little that he hath shall be taken away.” The rich have become richer, and the poor have become poorer; and the vessel of the State is driven between the Scylla and Charybdis of anarchy and despotism.[1]
"To him that hath" etc. is a reference to Matthew 25:29 (the parable of the talents, see also Matthew effect). The aphorism is commonly evoked, with variations in wording, as a synopsis of the effect of free market capitalism producing inequality.
Contents
1 Predecessors
2 "Ain't We Got Fun"
3 In economics
4 In modern politics
5 Other uses
5.1 Markets with social influence
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
Predecessors[edit]
Andrew Jackson, the seventh President of the U.S. (1829–1837), in his 1832 bank veto, said that
when the laws undertake... to make the rich richer and the potent more powerful, the humble members of society... have a right to complain of the injustice to their Government.[2][3]
The phrase also resembles two Bible verses from the Gospel of Matthew:
For whosoever hath, to him shall be given, and he shall have more abundance: but whosoever hath not, from him shall be taken away even that he hath.[4]
For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath.[5]
"Ain't We Got Fun"[edit]
The phrase was popularized in 1921 in the wildly successful song "Ain't We Got Fun?", and the phrase is sometimes attributed to the song's lyricists, Gus Kahn and Raymond B. Egan.[6][7] The line is sometimes mistakenly attributed to F. Scott Fitzgerald. It appears in The Great Gatsby, as
the rich get richer and the poor get—children!
The character Gatsby orders the character Klipspringer, sitting at the piano, "Don't talk so much, old sport... Play!" and Klipspringer breaks into the Whiting, Kahn and Egan song.[8]
In economics[edit]
Thomas Piketty's book Capital in the Twenty-First Century (2014) presents a body of empirical data spanning several hundred years that supports his central thesis that the owners of capital accumulate wealth more quickly than those who provide labour, a phenomenon widely described with the term "the rich-get-richer".[9]
In modern politics[edit]
In the United States, the phrase has been used frequently to describe socioeconomic trends under the Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush presidencies,[10][11][12] and in the United Kingdom to refer to the Thatcher era.[13] Thatcher famously retorted to a question posed by the Lib Dem MP Simon Hughes about wealth inequality in the United Kingdom by saying "he would rather that the poor were poorer, provided that the rich were less rich. ... What a policy. Yes, he would rather have the poor poorer, provided that the rich were less rich. That is the Liberal policy."[14] It has also been used in the UK to refer to the 2010–2015 coalition and 2015–2016 governments led by David Cameron.[15]
Other uses[edit]
In statistics, the phrase "the rich get richer" is often used as an informal description of the behavior of Chinese restaurant processes and other preferential attachment processes, where the probability of the next outcome in a series taking on a particular value is proportional to the number of outcomes already having that particular value. This is useful for modeling many real-world processes that are akin to "popularity contests", where the popularity of a particular choice causes new participants to adopt the same choice (which can lead to the outsized influence of the first few participants).
Markets with social influence[edit]
Product recommendations and information about past purchases have been shown to influence consumers choices significantly whether it is for music, movie, book, technological, and other type of products. Social influence often induces a rich-get-richer phenomenon (Matthew effect) where popular products tend to become even more popular.[16]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Economic inequality.
Capital accumulation
Internal contradictions of capital accumulation
Matthew effect
Preferential attachment
Socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Shelley, Percy Bysshe (1909–14). A Defence of Poetry (from the Harvard Classics: English Essays: Sidney to Macaulay. Bartleby.com.
Jump up ^ Watson, Harry L. (1998). Andrew Jackson V. Henry Clay: Democracy and Development in Antebellum America. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-17772-0. [1]
Jump up ^
A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents, Vol. 2, Part 3, Andrew Jackson, 1st term at Project Gutenberg
Jump up ^ Matthew 13:12
Jump up ^ Matthew 25:29
Jump up ^ "Ain't We Got Fun". Retrieved 2006-08-11.
Jump up ^ "Ain't We Got Fun". Don Ferguson. Archived from the original on 2004-12-10. Retrieved 2006-08-11.
Jump up ^ Fitzgerald, F. Scott (1998) [1921]. The Great Gatsby. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-283269-7. p. 76; also at Project Gutenberg of Australia [2]
Jump up ^ https://newrepublic.com/article/117429/capital-twenty-first-century-thomas-piketty-reviewed
Jump up ^ James K. Galbraith. "The rich got richer Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine.." Salon, June 8, 2004
Jump up ^ Edward N. Wolf. "The rich get increasingly richer: Latest data on household wealth during the 1980s Archived 2004-10-23 at the Library of Congress Web Archives." Economic Policy Institute Briefing Paper #36. 1993.
Jump up ^ Alan Reynolds. "Upstarts and Downstarts (The Real Reagan Record)." National Review, August 31, 1992.
Jump up ^ Nunns, Alex (April 2013). "Dispelling the Thatcher myths". Red Pepper. Retrieved 2 May 2016. It's said that Thatcher made the British people richer. She didn't. ... The rich got richer; the poor got poorer.
Jump up ^ "HC S: [Confidence in Her Majesty's Government]". House of Commons Speech (22 November 1990). Hansard HC [181/445-53]. 22 November 1990. Retrieved 2 May 2016 – via Margaret Thatcher Foundation. People on all levels of income are better off than they were in 1979. The hon. Gentleman is saying that he would rather that the poor were poorer, provided that the rich were less rich. That way one will never create the wealth for better social services, as we have. What a policy. Yes, he would rather have the poor poorer, provided that the rich were less rich. That is the Liberal policy.
Jump up ^ Coalition:
"Tories Make the Rich Richer and the Poor Poorer". The Huffington Post UK.
Waugh, Rob (16 November 2014). "Rich have become richer thanks to 'austerity' politics - but poor lose out". Metro. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
2015–present:
"Labour: soaring levels of homelessness under Cameron mean more children facing Christmas on streets". Herald Scotland. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
"Cameron tries to soothe MPs ahead of challenging year for party management". Coffee House. 2 January 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Altszyler, E; Berbeglia, F.; Berbeglia, G.; Van Hentenryck, P. (2017). "Transient dynamics in trial-offer markets with social influence: Trade-offs between appeal and quality". PLoS ONE. 12 (7): e0180040. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1280040A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0180040.
Further reading[edit]
Hayes, Brian (2002). "Follow the Money". American Scientist. 90 (5): 400. doi:10.1511/2002.5.400. — Hayes analyzes several computer models of market economies, applying statistical mechanics to questions in economic theory in the same way that it is applied in computational fluid dynamics, concluding that "If some mechanism like that of the yard-sale model is truly at work, then markets might very well be free and fair, and the playing field perfectly level, and yet the outcome would almost surely be that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer."
Rieman, J. (1979). The Rich Get Rich and The Poor Get Poorer. New York: Wiley.
David Hapgood (1974). The Screwing of the Average Man — How The Rich Get Richer and You Get Poorer. Bantom Books. ISBN 0-553-12913-9.
Rolf R Mantel (1995). Why the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. Universidad de San Andrés: Victoria, prov. de Buenos Aires. OCLC 44260846.
Ispolatov, S.; Krapivsky, P.L.; Redner, S. (1998). "Wealth distributions in asset exchange models". The European Physical Journal B. 2 (2): 267–76. arXiv:1006.4595. Bibcode:1998EPJB....2..267I. doi:10.1007/s100510050249. — Ispolatov, Krapivsky, and Redner analyze the wealth distributions that occur under a variety of exchange rules in a system of economically interacting people.
Chung, Kee H.; Cox, Raymond A. K. (1990). "Patterns of Productivity in the Finance Literature: A Study of the Bibliometric Distributions". The Journal of Finance. 45 (1): 301–9. doi:10.2307/2328824. JSTOR 2328824. — Chung and Cox analyze a bibliometric regularity in finance literature, relating Lotka's law of scientific prductivity to the maxim that "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer", and equating it to the maxim that "success breeds success".
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Storks (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Not to be confused with Stork (film).
Storks
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Nicholas Stoller
Doug Sweetland
Produced by
Brad Lewis
Nicholas Stoller
Written by
Nicholas Stoller
Starring
Andy Samberg
Katie Crown
Kelsey Grammer
Jennifer Aniston
Ty Burrell
Keegan-Michael Key
Jordan Peele
Danny Trejo
Music by
Mychael Danna
Jeff Danna
Cinematography
Simon Dunsdon
Edited by
John Venzon
Production
company
Warner Animation Group[1]
RatPac-Dune Entertainment[1]
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release date
September 17, 2016 (2016-09-17) (Regency Village Theater)
September 23, 2016 (2016-09-23) (United States)
Running time
87 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$70 million[2]
Box office
$182.4 million[2]
Storks is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated adventure buddy comedy film produced by Warner Animation Group, RatPac-Dune Entertainment[1] and Stoller Global Solutions. It is directed by Nicholas Stoller and Doug Sweetland (in his feature debut), written by Stoller and stars the voices of Andy Samberg, Katie Crown, Kelsey Grammer, Jennifer Aniston, Ty Burrell, Keegan-Michael Key, Jordan Peele, and Danny Trejo.
It follows a package delivering stork and his female human partner, working at the mailing company in the mountain. After the family's son sends a letter to the company, the two create the female baby. In order to protect the baby from the company's manager, the two set off on a journey to bring the baby and have the family adopted her.
The film premiered in Los Angeles on September 17, 2016, and was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on September 23, 2016, in 3D, IMAX[3] and conventional formats. Storks received mixed to positive reviews from critics and it earned $182 million worldwide during its theatrical run.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Voice cast
3 Production
4 Music
4.1 Soundtrack
5 Release
5.1 Home media
6 Reception
6.1 Box office
6.2 Critical response
6.3 Accolades
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
For generations, the storks of Stork Mountain delivered babies to families around the world, until one stork named Jasper attempted to keep an infant girl for himself. Jasper accidentally destroyed the infant’s address beacon and went into exile. Unable to deliver the orphaned girl, the storks adopted her under the name Tulip. CEO stork Hunter discontinued baby delivery in favor of package delivery with Cornerstore.com. Eighteen years later, Tulip, now a young adult, tries to promote new ideas for Cornerstore, which backfire and cause the company to lose stocks. Hunter assigns top delivery stork Junior to fire Tulip so he may be promoted to boss. Junior cannot bring himself to do so and instead transfers Tulip to the mail room.
Meanwhile, a young boy name Nate Gardner, who lives with his workaholic parents Henry and Sarah, is feeling lonely and wants a younger sibling. He sends a letter to Cornerstore and it reaches Tulip, who enters the defunct baby factory and inserts the letter into the baby-making machine, causing it to create a pink-haired infant girl. Junior injures his wing trying to shut down the machine. Afraid Hunter will fire him, Junior agrees to accompany Tulip and secretly deliver the baby to her family using a makeshift flying craft that Tulip invented. They eventually crash, escape a pack of wolves that fall in love with the baby, and reach civilization, during which Junior and Tulip bond with the baby and name her Diamond Destiny. In the meantime, Henry and Sarah open up to Nate’s desire for a younger sibling and spend time with their son by building a landing platform for the storks.
Junior and Tulip encounter Jasper, who had followed them from Stork Mountain. Jasper has nearly repaired Tulip’s delivery beacon, but is missing one piece, which had been in Tulip’s possession for years. Junior confesses to Tulip that he was supposed to fire her, and a saddened Tulip leaves with Jasper to meet her family while Junior continues alone to deliver Diamond Destiny. Cornerstore’s pigeon employee Toady learns about Diamond Destiny and informs Hunter, who reroutes her address beacon and leads Junior into a trap. Hunter fires Junior and has Diamond Destiny taken away to live with penguins until she is an adult in order to silence the incident and prevent more plummeting stocks.
Tulip reunites with Junior and they return to Stork Mountain during the highly anticipated Storkcon event to save Diamond Destiny from the penguins. When they are cornered in the baby factory by Hunter and the other stork employees, Junior sends millions of archived letters from families into the baby-making machine, causing it to rapidly produce babies and distract the storks. Hunter seizes control of a giant crane and tries to destroy the factory, only to have Diamond Destiny and abused birds help make the Cornerstore building collapse off Stork Mountain, causing Hunter, who is entangled into the building cables and trapped inside the crane, to plummet to his death.
In the aftermath, Junior rallies the storks to deliver all the babies to their families. Junior, Tulip, and Jasper deliver Diamond Destiny to the Gardners, Tulip finally meets her family, and Junior and Tulip continue working as co-bosses at Stork Mountain.
Voice cast[edit]
Andy Samberg as Junior, a white stork working at Cornerstore as the company's top delivery stork, in hope of being promoted to becoming boss.[4][5]
Katie Crown as Tulip, an 18-year-old orphan human worker at Cornerstore, who wishes to find her own family.[5]
Kelsey Grammer as Hunter, a golf-obsessed, evil and mean-spirited white stork and the executive CEO of Cornerstore, who has a hatred of baby delivery.[5][6][7] Years ago, he closed the baby production due to upgrading the company as a postal service.
Keegan-Michael Key as Alpha, a greedy-but caring wolf and the pack leader who wants to devour Junior and Tulip and adopt the baby.
Jordan Peele as Beta, Alpha's advisor. The wolf pack adore the infant Diamond Destiny as they treat her like one of their own.
Anton Starkman as Nate Gardner, a 10-year-old boy whose parents are busy and is surrounded by brotherhoods leaving him lonely.[5]
Jennifer Aniston as Sarah Gardner, Nate's workaholic overprotective mother who opposes the idea of a brother for work reasons, but changes her mind after Henry convinces her.[5][7]
Ty Burrell as Henry Gardner, Nate's workaholic father who supports the idea of a brother for family reasons.[5]
Stephen Kramer Glickman as Pigeon Toady, an awkward, nosy pigeon working at Cornerstone who is eager to get any kind of attention, and who goes after Junior and Tulip to confirm the delivery of the baby to Hunter.[5]
Danny Trejo as Jasper, a giant stork working at Cornerstore.[5] Before the baby process was shut down, Tulip was the last infant to be made, and Jasper wanted to keep her to himself.
Chris Smith as Dougland, a chicken incapable of flight who uses a jetpack.
Awkwafina as Quail
Ike Barinholtz, Amanda Lund, and Jorma Taccone provide the miscellaneous stork voices.
Different baby sound effects were made to provide both Diamond Destiny's voice and other babies' voices too.
Production[edit]
The project was first announced in January 2013, when Warner Bros. formed its animation "think tank" with some directors and writers to develop animated films, Nicholas Stoller was hired by the studio to create and write Storks, while Doug Sweetland was attached to direct the film.[8] On April 20, 2015, Andy Samberg and Kelsey Grammer were added to the voice cast of the film, and it was announced that Stoller and Sweetland would co-direct the 3D film, while Stoller would produce the film along with Brad Lewis.[4] The original idea film was developed under Warner Bros. Animation.[4] Sony Pictures Imageworks provided the film's animation service.[9] Keegan-Michael Key and Jordan Peele were also announced in the cast who provided their voices for the film.[6] On June 15, 2016, Jennifer Aniston was announced in the cast.[7]
Music[edit]
Soundtrack[edit]
Storks: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Film score by Mychael Danna and Jeff Danna
Released
September 16, 2016
Recorded
2016
Genre
Film score
Length
49:49
Label
WaterTower Music
Producer
Mychael Danna
Jeff Danna
Mychael Danna film scores chronology
The Good Dinosaur
(2015)The Good Dinosaur2015 Storks
(2016) Collateral Beauty
(2016)Collateral Beauty2016
Jeff Danna chronology
The Good Dinosaur
(2015) The Good Dinosaur2015 Storks
(2016) Storks2016
The film’s score was composed by Mychael and Jeff Danna. The soundtrack also contains "Holdin' Out", performed by The Lumineers. The soundtrack was released on September 16, 2016, by WaterTower Music.
Track listing
All music composed by Mychael Danna and Jeff Danna (except "Holdin' Out").
[show]Track listing
No.
Title
Length
1. "Stork Mountain" 1:08
2. "Our New Phones" 0:42
3. "Boss" 2:13
4. "Orphan Tulip" 1:25
5. "I Want a Baby Brother" 2:59
6. "Bored, Bored, Bored" 0:36
7. "Ninja Force Attack" 1:02
8. "Monumental Screw Up" 1:40
9. "The Baby Factory" 2:13
10. "Deliver This Thing" 1:31
11. "Five More Minutes, And Then We Stop" 1:40
12. "Good Day Orphan Tulip" 1:07
13. "Wolf Pack" 3:38
14. "Fleeting Moments, Precious Memories" 1:40
15. "You’ll Find Your Family" 1:31
16. "Suddenly, You’re In a Suit" 0:54
17. "Wolf Pack Minivan" 2:03
18. "Defusing Diamond Destiny" 2:01
19. "I Have the Missing Piece" 1:09
20. "Tulip’s Family" 1:57
21. "Gentrification" 1:36
22. "Return To Cornerstore" 0:59
23. "They Don’t Deliver Babies" 1:17
24. "Sphericus" 1:24
25. "Hand Over the Package" 0:56
26. "A Million Babies" 1:55
27. "Destroy the Baby Machine" 2:07
28. "This Is Our Mission" 1:16
29. "Always Deliver" 2:03
30. "Holdin' Out" (performed by The Lumineers) 3:06
Total length: 49:49
Release[edit]
Storks was originally going to be released on February 10, 2017, which Warner Bros. had reset for The Lego Batman Movie.[10] The film was released on September 23, 2016, which was previously set for The Lego Ninjago Movie, which has now moved to a year later.[4] Storks is preceded by The Master, a five-minute short film based on the Lego Ninjago line of sets,[11] the short was later re-released in theatres with The Lego Batman Movie in selected theaters in the UK.
Home media[edit]
Storks was released by Warner Home Video on Blu-ray (2D, 3D and 4K Ultra HD) and DVD on December 20, 2016, with a digital release on December 6, 2016. Extras included a 2-minute short film, titled Storks: Guide to Your New Baby (with onscreen title Pigeon Toady's Guide to Baby's[12]), and the Lego Ninjago short film, The Master.[13][14]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Storks grossed $72.7 million in the United States and Canada and $109.7 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $182.4 million, against a budget of $70 million.[2]
In the United States and Canada, Storks opened alongside The Magnificent Seven was originally projected to gross around $30 million from 3,922 theaters in its opening weekend,[15][16] with some estimates reaching $36 million.[17] The Hollywood Reporter noted that in recent decades, Warner Bros. has not been able to produce very successful and lucrative animated films except for The Lego Movie in 2014 and that the studio is hoping Storks would duplicate that success.[18] It grossed $435,000 from its Thursday previews and just $5.7 million on its first day, lowering weekend projections to $20 million. It ended up opening to $21.8 million, finishing second at the box office behind The Magnificent Seven's $35 million debut.[19]
Internationally, the film opened in conjuncture with its North American debut across 34 foreign territories, including the likes of Russia, China, India and Japan.[16]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 63% based on 115 reviews and has an average rating of 6/10. The site's consensus reads, "Colorful animation and a charming cast help Storks achieve a limited liftoff, but scattershot gags and a confused, hyperactively unspooled plot keep it from truly soaring."[20] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 56 out of 100 based on 31 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[21] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.[22]
Michael Rechtshaffen of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a positive review and said: "There's a nice, snappy playfulness in the rapport between Samberg and engaging newcomer Crown. That lively, back-and-forth vibe also extends to the Aniston/Burrell and Key/Peele dynamic."[23] Peter Hartlaub of San Francisco Chronicle wrote: "Whoever is running Warner Animation Group appears to be allowing the lunatics to run the asylum. And that is a wonderful thing."[24] Tom Russo of The Boston Globe gave the film 3 stars out of 4 and said "Storks are known for delivering bundles that are irresistible, exhaustingly active at times, and frequently pretty darn messy. How completely appropriate, then, that Warner Bros.' 3-D animated feature Storks delivers the same."[25]
Owen Gleiberman of Variety gave the film a mixed review and called it "a strenuously unfunny animated comedy."[26] Samantha Ladwig of IGN gave the film 4.5/10 and said "Storks starts off well enough and delivers a few laughs, but ultimately it isn’t quite sure of what it is."[27] Jesse Hassenger of The A.V. Club noted the "filmmakers’ assumption [...] that if lines are said very fast and in silly voices, they will become funny," and criticized Warner Bros. for putting out a generic animation along the same, safe lines of what "other second-tier animation houses" are producing: "The Lego Movie brought with it the hope that the studio might reclaim some of the animation territory it has long ceded to other studios. Storks, though, is just another okay cartoon."[28]
Joe Morgenstern of Wall Street Journal gave the film a negative review, saying "The whole movie seems to be on fast-forward, with crushingly brainless dialogue, hollow imagery and no way of slowing down the febrile action or making sense of the chaotic plot."[29] Barbara VanDenburgh of The Arizona Republic said, "Storks is charmless with rote obligation. This is a kid’s film for hire, with none of the creativity, emotion and design that elevate the genre to art, or even simply a fun time at the movies."[30]
Accolades[edit]
Award
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)
Annie Awards Outstanding Achievement, Voice Acting in an Animated Feature Production Katie Crown Nominated [31]
Heartland Film Festival 2016 Truly Moving Picture Award Nicholas Stoller Won [32]
Hollywood Film Awards Hollywood Film Composer Award Mychael Danna (also for Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk) Won [33]
Village Voice Film Poll Best Animated Feature "Storks" Nominated [34]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Rechtshaffen, Michael (September 20, 2016). "'Storks': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Storks (2016)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Storks". Retrieved 19 October 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Sneider, Jeff (April 20, 2015). "Andy Samberg, Kelsey Grammer to Voice Animated ‘Storks’ for WB". thewrap.com. Retrieved September 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Gettell, Oliver (June 15, 2016). "Meet the cast and characters of 'Storks'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Perry, Spencer (December 16, 2015). "First Look at Animated Movie Storks Featuring Andy Samberg". ComingSoon.net. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gettell, Oliver (June 15, 2016). "Jennifer Aniston completes cast of animated movie Storks — exclusive". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (January 7, 2013). "Warner Bros. Creates Animation Film Think Tank". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Storks". Sony Pictures Imageworks. Retrieved December 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave (August 6, 2014). "Warner Bros. Dates Animated Films for 2018 and 2019". variety.com. Retrieved September 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ Giardina, Carolyn (August 25, 2016). "New Lego Short 'The Master' to Debut Before 'Storks'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Bonanno, Luke (December 23, 2016). "Storks: Blu-ray + DVD + Digital HD Review". DVDizzy.com. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Warner Bros.’ ‘Storks’ Arrives on Blu-ray December 6". Animation World Network. November 17, 2016. Retrieved December 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ Cohen, Steven (November 16, 2016). "'Storks' Blu-ray & Ultra HD Blu-ray Announced". High-Def Digest. Retrieved December 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (September 20, 2016). "‘Magnificent Seven’ Guns For No. 1, But Will Tracking Cut It Off At The Pass? – B.O. Preview". Retrieved September 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Brent Lang (September 20, 2016). "‘The Magnificent Seven,’ ‘Storks’ Swoop in to Save the Box Office". Variety. Retrieved September 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ Boxoffice Staff (September 21, 2016). "Weekend Forecast: ‘The Magnificent Seven’ & ‘Storks’".
Jump up ^ Pamela McClintock (September 22, 2016). "Box-Office Preview: Will 'Magnificent Seven' Gallop Past 'Storks'?". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (September 24, 2016). "‘Magnificent Seven’ Roping $35.3M Opening; Stick A Fork In ‘Storks’". Deadline.com. Retrieved September 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Storks (2016)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Storks Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "CinemaScore". cinemascore.com – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "'Storks': Film Review". Retrieved 19 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Hartlaub, Peter. "‘Storks’ gives birth to inspired offbeat comedy". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 19 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Russo, Tom. "Imagine Amazon Drones with Feathers and Long Beaks," Boston Globe (Sept. 21, 2016).
Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen (20 September 2016). "Film Review: ‘Storks’". Retrieved 19 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Ladwig, Samantha (21 September 2016). "Storks Review". Retrieved 19 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Hassenger, Jesse (Sep 22, 2016). "Storks delivers all the jabbering of your typical big-studio cartoon". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
Jump up ^ Morgenstern, Joe (22 September 2016). "‘The Magnificent Seven’ and ‘Storks’ Reviews: Vacant Vessels". Retrieved 19 October 2016 – via Wall Street Journal.
Jump up ^ VanDenburgh, Barbara (Sep 22, 2016). "Witless 'Storks' fails to deliver laughs". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
Jump up ^ "44th Annie Award Nominees". International Animated Film Society. November 28, 2016. Retrieved November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Truly Moving Picture Award". Heartland film. Archived from the original on February 28, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Tom Ford, Marc Platt & Kenneth Lonergan to be Honored". Hollywood Film Awards. October 19, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Film Poll 2016". The Village Voice. January 6, 2017. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
Storks on IMDb
Storks at AllMovie
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Crank That (Soulja Boy)
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"Crank That (Soulja Boy)"
Single by Soulja Boy Tell'em
from the album souljaboytellem.com
Released
May 2, 2007 (2007-05-02)
Format
12"
CD
digital download
Recorded
2006-07
Soulja Boy's House (Batesville, Mississippi)
Start2Finish (Kansas City, Kansas)
Collipark Studio (College Park, Georgia)[1]
Genre
Snap
Length
3:42
Label
Collipark
Interscope
Songwriter(s)
DeAndre Way[2]
Producer(s)
Soulja Boy
Music video
"Crank That (Soulja Boy)" on YouTube
Soulja Boy singles chronology
"Crank That (Soulja Boy)"
(2007) Crank That (Soulja Boy)2007 "Soulja Girl"
(2007) Soulja Girl2007
"Crank That (Soulja Boy)" is the debut single by American rapper Soulja Boy Tell'em. It served as the lead single from his debut studio album, souljaboytellem.com (2007) and accompanies the Soulja Boy dance. The song is recognized by its looping steelpan riff. It caused what has been called "the biggest dance fad since the [mid-1990s] Macarena", with an instructional YouTube video for the dance surpassing 27 million views by early 2008.[3]
"Crank That (Soulja Boy)" spent seven weeks at number one on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 in the fall of 2007, and was the number 21 on the Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007.[4] The song received a nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Rap Song at the 50th Grammy Awards but lost to Kanye West's song "Good Life". On January 6, 2008, it became the first song ever to sell 3 million digital copies in the US.[5] In 2009 it was named the 23rd most successful song of the 2000s on the Billboard Hot 100 Songs of the Decade.[6] It had sold 5,080,000 downloads in the US by February 2014.[7]
Contents
1 Production and release
2 Dance and music video
3 Charts
3.1 Weekly charts
3.2 Year-end charts
3.3 Decade-end charts
4 References
Production and release[edit]
The song was originally produced in FL Studio before being later re-produced.[citation needed] It was released on May 2, 2007 in the US and on June 27, 2007 globally.
Dance and music video[edit]
Crank That (Soulja Boy)
Inspired by recent dance crazes that had popularized some rappers from Atlanta, Soulja Boy (DeAndre Way) and his friends invented the dance moves that gave rise to "Crank That": As summarized by The Wall Street Journal, "dancers bounce back on their heels, ripple their hands, crank their wrists like motorcyclists, then lunge into a Superman pose".[3]
The music video (directed by Dale Resteghini) begins in the "ColliPark Residence" with Sincostan Ak Flame and J Fresh imitating the Soulja Boy dance. Mr. Collipark takes a keen interest in the children's movements, leading him to contact Soulja Boy in an attempt to sign him up to "Collipark Records". His instinct is confirmed when he notices a number of people performing the dance, en route to meeting with Soulja Boy.
This video was premiered on BET's 106 & Park on August 9, 2007. The music video features Bow Wow, Omarion, Unk, Baby D, Jibbs, Rich Boy, Arab, and several dancers doing the signature "Soulja Boy Dance".
A large number of "remixes" of the video, featuring the original audio track and video taken from cartoons such as Bambi II, Dora the Explorer, The Simpsons, South Park,[8] and most notably, SpongeBob SquarePants, also appeared on YouTube at the time of the track's success.[9] There have also been many parodies of the video parodying various people, including Michael Jackson and Barney, as well as a cover by American post-hardcore band I Set My Friends on Fire.
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2007–08)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[10] 3
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[11] 53
Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[12] 6
Belgium (Ultratip Wallonia)[13] 7
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[14] 5
France (SNEP)[15] 29
Germany (Official German Charts)[16] 29
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[17] 2
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[18] 67
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[19] 2
US Billboard Hot 100[20] 1
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[21] 9
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[22] 3
US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard)[23] 1
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2007)
Position
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[24] 46
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[25] 70
US Billboard Hot 100[26] 20
US Hot Rap Songs (Billboard)[27] 6
Chart (2008)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[28] 23
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[29] 51
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[30] 49
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[31] 56
US Billboard Hot 100[32] 54
Decade-end charts[edit]
Chart (2000–2009)
Position
US Billboard Hot 100[33] 23
References[edit]
Jump up ^ souljaboytellem.com (CD liner). Soulja Boy. Interscope Records. 2009.
Jump up ^ "Crank That (Soulja Boy) - Writing Credits". BMI.com. Broadcast Music Incorporated. Retrieved 2010-08-15.
^ Jump up to: a b Jurgensen, John (February 9, 2008). "But Can You Dance to It?". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on March 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ No byline (December 11, 2007). "The 100 Best Songs of 2007" Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2007-12-21.
Jump up ^ Paul Grein (January 7, 2011). "Chart Watch Extra: Thank You, Daniel Powter". Yahoo Music (Chart Watch). Archived from the original on 2012-10-03.
Jump up ^ "Hot 100 Decade Songs". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
Jump up ^ Paul Grein (January 5, 2013). "Chart Watch: Beyonce Soars To #2". Yahoo Music.
Jump up ^ South Park-Crank dat soulja boy on YouTube
Jump up ^ Mason, Matt (10 May 2008). "Piracy is remixing culture and capitalism". The Guardian .
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)" (in Dutch). Ultratip.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)" (in French). Ultratip.
Jump up ^ "Soulja Boy Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)" (in French). Les classement single.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – Soulja Boy Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH.
Jump up ^ "Charts.nz – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Soulja Boy – Crank That (Soulja Boy)". Swiss Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Soulja Boy: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company.
Jump up ^ "Soulja Boy Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Soulja Boy Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Soulja Boy Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Soulja Boy Chart History (Hot Rap Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "End of Year Charts 2007". NZTop40. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "End of Year Singles Chart Top 100 - 2007". Official Charts. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hot 100 Songs : Page 1 - Billboard". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Rap Songs: 2007 Year-End Charts - Billboard". Billboard. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts - End Of Year Charts - Top 100 Singles 2008". ARIA. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Canadian Hot 100 - Year End 2008". Billboard. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "End of Year Charts 2008". NZTop40. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "End of Year Singles Chart Top 100 - 2008". Official Charts. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hot 100 Songs - Year End 2008". Billboard. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Billboard Hot 100 Decade-End 2000-2009". Retrieved 2012-04-15.
hide
v
t
e
Soulja Boy
Discography
Videography
Studio albums
souljaboytellem.com
iSouljaBoyTellem
The DeAndre Way
Loyalty
Singles
"Crank That (Soulja Boy)"
"Soulja Girl"
"Yahhh!"
"Donk"
"Bird Walk"
"Kiss Me thru the Phone"
"Turn My Swag On"
"Pretty Boy Swag"
"Speakers Going Hammer"
Featured singles
"Clumsy" (Collipark Remix)
"Swing" (Remix)
"Marco Polo"
"LOL :-)"
"Bingo"
"All the Way Turnt Up"
"Turn It Up"
"Yasss Bish"
"Brazil We Flexing"
Promotional singles
"Let Me Get 'Em"
"Gucci Bandanna"
Related articles
Collipark Music
SODMG Entertainment
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crank_That_(Soulja_Boy)&oldid=855327050"
Categories:
2007 singles
Soulja Boy songs
Songs written by Soulja Boy
Snap music
Hip hop dance
Songs about dancing
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Billboard Rap Songs number-one singles
UK R&B Singles Chart number-one singles
Debut singles
Interscope Records singles
Novelty and fad dances
2007 songs
Hidden categories:
Articles with inconsistent citation formats
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values: A man is holding a cellphone to his left ear. He is wearing a jacket with a matching beanie headpiece and black sunglasses with white lettering on the lenses that say "Soulja Boy". He is also fanning out mixed denominations of U.S. dollars. He has an expression of shock on his face. Centred to his top left in orange, capital letter graffiti-like font is the title 'Crank That'. Directly below the title in larger blue font is the name 'Soulja Boy'. The name features stars filling the gaps in the 'o' letters.

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