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Ontario Highway 407
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"Highway 407" redirects here. For a list of highways numbered 407, see List of highways numbered 407. For the Toronto subway station, see Highway 407 station.

Highway 407
Route information
Maintained by
Province of Ontario
407 ETR Concession Company Limited
Length
138.7 km[3][4] (86.2 mi)
History
Proposed 1959–1986,[1]
Opened June 7, 1997–June 20, 2016[2]
Major junctions
West end
Highway 403 / Queen Elizabeth Way – Burlington
Highway 403 – Mississauga, Oakville
Highway 401 – Milton
Highway 410 – Brampton
Highway 427
Highway 400 – Toronto, Barrie
Highway 404 – Toronto, Newmarket
Highway 412 – Whitby
East end
Taunton Road - Oshawa
Highway system
Ontario provincial highways
List
400-series
Former
← Highway 406 Highway 409 →
King's Highway 407 (pronounced "four-oh-seven") is a tolled 400-series highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. Comprising a privately leased segment as well as a publicly owned segment, the route begins in Burlington and travels through the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) suburbs of Oakville, Mississauga, Brampton, Vaughan, Markham, Pickering and Whitby before ending in Clarington north of Bowmanville. The segment between Burlington and Brougham in Pickering is leased to and operated by the 407 ETR Concession Company Limited and is officially known as the 407 Express Toll Route (407 ETR). It begins at the junction of the Queen Elizabeth Way (QEW) and Highway 403 in Burlington, and travels 107.9 km (67.0 mi) across the GTA to Brock Road in Pickering. East of Brock Road the freeway continues east as Highway 407 East (Highway 407E), a toll route operated by the provincial government, for 30.8 km (19.1 mi) to Taunton Road in Clarington. Highway 407 is the first electronically operated toll highway opened in the world; there are no toll booths along the length of the route. Distances are calculated automatically using transponders or licence plates, which are scanned at entrance and exit points. Major interchanges along the route include the QEW, Highway 403, Highway 401, Highway 410, Highway 427, Highway 400, Highway 404, and Highway 412.
Highway 407 was planned in the late 1950s as a freeway bypassing the Toronto segment of Highway 401, the busiest highway in the world.[5][6] However, construction did not begin until 1987. During the early 1990s, the provincial government proposed tolling the highway to alleviate a revenue shortfall. The central sections of Highway 407 opened 1997. The remaining sections were built quickly over the following four years, with the final segment of opening in mid-2001. Despite being included in the 400-series network, the Highway 407 ETR section is not considered part of the provincial highway network due to it now being privately operated.[7] The route is operated privately under a 99-year lease agreement with the provincial government. The lease was sold in 1998 for approximately C$3.1 billion to a consortium of Canadian and Spanish investors operating under the name 407 International Inc.[8] The privatization of the Highway 407 ETR section has been the source of significant criticism,[9] especially regarding the increases in tolls, plate denial, and false charges. In addition, the safety of segments constructed following the sale of the freeway has been called into question. Many have come to regard Highway 407 ETR as a luxury, as opposed to the bypass of Highway 401 it was originally conceived to be.[citation needed]
The first phase of a provincially owned and tolled extension of the route, known solely as Highway 407 (and not as Highway 407 ETR) opened to traffic from Brock Road in Pickering to Harmony Road in Oshawa on June 20, 2016. Included as part of this extension was construction of a tolled north-south link between Highways 401 and 407 known as Highway 412. Construction is currently underway to extend the provincially owned portion of Highway 407 easterly to Highway 35 / Highway 115 in Clarington. This construction is being completed in two stages, with the first phase opening on January 2, 2018 as a 9.6 km extension to Taunton Road[10], and the second phase opening in 2020. This construction includes an additional link to Highway 401 east of Oshawa that will be known as Highway 418.
Even though the highway does not enter the City of Toronto proper, Toronto is used as a control city in Halton and Durham Regions due to the similar sizes of the suburban municipalities the highway passes through making selection of an obvious example among them difficult.
Contents
[hide]
1 Route description
1.1 Burlington–Brampton
1.2 Vaughan–Pickering
1.3 Pickering–Oshawa
2 Tolls
2.1 Plate denial
2.2 Rates
2.2.1 407 ETR
2.2.2 Highway 407 East
3 History
3.1 Planning and initial construction
3.2 Privatization and original extensions
3.3 Controversy
3.4 Highway 407 East project
4 Future
5 Exit list
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Route description[edit]
Highway 407 begins at the Highway 403 / Queen Elizabeth Way junction in Burlington
Highway 407 is a 138.7-kilometre (86.2 mi)[3] controlled-access highway that encircles the GTA, passing through Burlington, Oakville, Mississauga, Brampton, Vaughan, Markham, Pickering, Whitby, and Oshawa as well as travelling immediately north of Toronto.[11][12] Although the general public felt that tolling made the highway a luxury rather than its original purpose of relieving traffic on Highway 401,[13][14] Highway 407 ETR has had average daily trip counts of over 350,000 vehicles in June 2014.[15] The 407 ETR is contractually responsible for maintaining high traffic levels as justification for increasing tolls, but conduct their own traffic studies.[13] Despite increased usage, parallel roads that Highway 407 was intended to supplement continue to grow congested, forcing the MTO to revisit costly widening projects of Highway 401 and the QEW.[13]
Highway 407 has been designed with aesthetics and environmental concerns in mind by featuring landscaped embankments, 79 storm drainage ponds, as well as a curb and gutter system.[16] Unlike most other Ontario highways, it features concrete pavement as opposed to top-coated asphalt. Because of this, the high-mast lighting along the urban portions of the route feature fewer luminaires than asphalt-surfaced freeways.[17]
Burlington–Brampton[edit]
Highway 407 begins in Burlington within Halton Region at the Freeman Interchange between Highway 403 and the QEW, from which it branches off northward. The six-lane route passes under Brant Street, Upper Middle Road and Guelph Line (Halton Regional Road 1) before it interchanges with Dundas Street (Halton Regional Road 5 and former Highway 5). It briefly enters greenspace as it curves gently to the northeast, avoiding the nearby Niagara Escarpment. The route is crossed by Walkers Line, east of which residential subdivisions line the south side and greenspace lines the north. At an interchange with Appleby Line (Halton Regional Road 20), the highway straightens and travels parallel to Dundas Street before passing over Bronte Creek and under the Canadian National Railway's (CN) Halwest Subdivision.[11][12]
Highway 407 south of Highway 401; this section follows a north–south alignment to Highway 403
East of Bronte Creek, Highway 407 enters an agricultural area, interspersed with woodlots. It enters Oakville at the Tremaine Road (Halton Regional Road 22) overpass, then gradually swerves to the north as it encounters an interchange with Bronte Road (Halton Regional Road 25 and former Highway 25). The route crosses Sixteen Mile Creek just north of Glenarchy Conservation Area, then travels parallel to the creek for several kilometres. It swerves north after an interchange with Neyagawa Boulevard, near the hamlet of Glenarchy. After diverging from the creek, it curves northeast, parallel to and north of Burnhamthorpe Road, where it interchanges with Trafalgar Road (Halton Regional Road 3). Highway 407 then encounters Highway 403 at a large interchange where curves sharply to the northwest; Highway 403, meanwhile, curves from the southeast to the northeast.[11][12]
Now travelling parallel to and immediately west of the Halton–Peel regional boundary and Oakville–Mississauga city boundary, the six-lane Highway 407 progresses northwest alongside a power transmission corridor, with subdivisions to the east and greenspace to the west. The route continues as such northwest to Highway 401, passing under Lower Base Line (which continues east as Eglinton Avenue) and interchanging at Britannia Road and Derry Road before crossing the Canadian Pacific Railway's (CP) Galt Subdivision. At Highway 401, the route makes a sharp curve to the northeast, while ramps weave across both freeway over several kilometres, interconnecting them. It enters Peel Region at the Winston Churchill Boulevard (Peel Regional Road 19) overpass and follows another power transmission corridor just north of the Brampton–Mississauga boundary.[11][12]
Highway 407 and Derry Road, facing southwest; this sections of Highway 407 parallels the boundary between Mississauga (at left) and Milton (at right).
Highway 407 swerves east and encounters an interchange with Mississauga Road (Peel Regional Road 1) just prior to crossing the Credit River and the Orangeville Brampton Railway, after which it enters the urban GTA. After passing interchanges with Mavis Road (Peel Regional Road 18) and Hurontario Street (Former Highway 10), the route encounters Highway 410 at another sprawling interchange located over Etobicoke Creek. Over the next 7 kilometres (4.3 mi), the route nudges northward into Brampton, interchanging with Dixie Road (Peel Regional Road 4) and Bramalea Road, as well as a CN railway line, before crossing Steeles Avenue (Peel Regional Road 15). Highway 407 curves back to the northeast as it interchanges with Airport Road (Peel Regional Road 7) and passes beneath another CN line, before encountering the final interchange in Peel Region at Goreway Drive. It crosses the West Humber River and former Highway 50 in Claireville Conservation Area before curving east into York Region.[11][12]
Vaughan–Pickering[edit]
Highway 407 facing east toward Pine Valley Drive, in Vaughan
Immediately after crossing into Vaughan, Highway 407 encounters the first of three large interchanges with other 400-series highways in York Region. The Highway 427 interchange is a four-level partial stack located just north of Steeles Avenue in Vaughan and adjacent to the 407 ETR Concession Company offices. The interchange features weaved ramps which connect to former Highway 27, located just east. The route continues eastward, parallel and between Steeles Avenue and Highway 7. It dives through the Humber River valley alongside a CN line and along the northern border of Thackeray Conservation Lands, passing beneath a CP line. After an interchange with Pine Valley Drive (York Regional Road 57), the route becomes sandwiched between the industrial lands of the Pine Valley Business Park and the Emery Creek Corporate Park. A partial interchange with Weston Road (York Regional Road 56) lies just west of the large four-level stack interchange with Highway 400, the only of its kind in Ontario. An interchange with Jane Street (York Regional Road 55) is interwoven into the east side of the Highway 400 interchange, below which pass the tunnels of the Line 1 Yonge–University subway, with the Highway 407 station, with its large commuter parking lot and GO Transit bus terminal serving the highway corridor, located to the south.[11][12]
Highway 407 at Woodbine Avenue
Still travelling alongside a power transmission corridor, Highway 407 crosses a complex rail wye which provides access to the CN freight yards to the north. After interchanging with Keele Street (York Regional Road 6), the route gently curves northward, passing under the CN Newmarket Subdivision, which carries the GO Transit Barrie Line and crossing the Don River. It curves back eastward as it interchanges with Dufferin Street (York Regional Road 53), travelling adjacent and south of Highway 7. After interchanges with Bathurst Street (York Regional Road 38) and Yonge Street (York Regional Road 1), the Vaughan–Markham boundary, Highway 407 crosses the CN Bala Subdivision, which carries the GO Transit Richmond Hill Line. After an interchange with Bayview Avenue (York Regional Road 34), the highway swerves south. A partial interchange with Leslie Street (York Regional Road 12) precedes the third and final large freeway–freeway junction at Highway 404.[11][12]
East of Highway 404, the freeway travels generally parallel to the Rouge River. It interchanges with Woodbine Avenue (York Regional Road 8) and Warden Avenue (York Regional Road 65), east of which the route travels alongside a CN line and crosses the GO Transit Unionville Line. Highway 407 continues straight eastward into a residential area, interchanging with Kennedy Road (York Regional Road 3), McCowan Road (York Regional Road 67) and Markham Road (York Regional Road 68) where it crosses the river and diverges from both the CN line and power transmission corridor. The route interchanges with Ninth Line (York Regional Road 69) and Donald Cousens Parkway (York Regional Road 48) before exiting the urban GTA and curving northeast over a CP line and into Rouge Park.[11][12]
Construction in 2015 of the overpass and off-ramp at Harmony Road in Durham Region, the temporary terminus of the highway from June 20, 2016 until January 2, 2018.
Until the opening of the first phase of 407E in June 2016, the final interchange along Highway 407 was with York–Durham Line (York/Durham Regional Road 30), the boundary between York Region and Durham Region as well as Markham and Pickering.[11][12] The route curves eastward then crosses West Duffins Creek north of the community of Whitevale and south of the future Pickering Airport and planned community of Seaton. Sandwiched between farm fields, the highway is crossed by North Road, where a future interchange is planned,[18] and Sideline 24. Highway 407 ended just south of Brougham at a signalized intersection with Brock Road (Durham Regional Road 1) until the end of 2015, where it continued eastward as Highway 7.[11][12] A new interchange has been built in conjunction with the provincially maintained and tolled extension, Highway 407E, which was constructed east of this point, and ties in with the current freeway, eliminating the at-grade intersection.[19]
Pickering–Oshawa[edit]
407 ETR Ends at Brock Road where ON 407 begins
Immediately east of Brock Road, this tollway falls under the ownership of the Province of Ontario and is now referred to as Ontario Highway 407 (Or Highway 407 East) instead of 407 ETR. This route runs parallel to both Highway 7 and Durham Regional Road 3 (with some crossovers) through the North of Pickering, Whitby, and Oshawa, until its eastern terminus at the proposed interchange between Highway 418 and Taunton Road[20]. A major interchange of this route includes with Highway 412, which is a spur connecting the 407 with Highway 401 in Whitby. Both the 407 East Extension, as far as Harmony Road in Oshawa. and Highway 412 opened to traffic on June 20, 2016.[21] The highway will be further extended eastward through Clarington by 2020. The tolls along this portion of the highway began on February 1, 2017. [22]
Tolls[edit]
Along with transponders, The 407 uses cameras and licence plate recognition technology to toll vehicles
Unlike most other toll highways, Highway 407 features no toll booths. Rather, a system of cameras and transponders allows for automatic toll collection. It is one of the earliest examples of a highway to exclusively use open road tolling. Highway 407 is otherwise designed as a normal freeway; interchanges connect directly to surface streets. A radio antenna detects when a vehicle with a transponder has entered and exited the highway, calculating the toll rate. For vehicles without a transponder, an automatic number plate recognition system is used. In both cases, monthly statements are mailed to users. The automatic number plate recognition system is linked to several provincial and U.S. state motor vehicle registries.[23] Toll rates are set by both the 407 ETR and the Province of Ontario for each of the respective sections they own. However, the province set out limitations in the 407 ETR lease contract for maintaining traffic volumes to justify toll rates. Despite this, rates have increased annually against the requests of the provincial government, resulting in several court battles and the general public regarding the route as a luxury.[14]
Plate denial[edit]
As part of the contractual agreement with the government, the MTO is required to deny licence plate validation stickers to drivers who have an outstanding 407 ETR bill over 125 days past due.[24] This process was temporarily halted in February 2000 due to numerous false billing claims. Following a judicial decision by the Ontario Divisional Court on November 7, 2005, the Ontario Registrar of Motor Vehicles was ordered to begin denying the validation or issue of Canadian license plates and vehicle permits for 407 ETR users who have failed to pay owed fees. On November 22, 2005, the MTO announced that it would appeal the decision but would begin to deny plates until the appeal was decided. On February 24, 2006, the Ontario Court of Appeals denied the government leave to appeal the 2005 decision. As a result, plate denial remains in place.[25]
Rates[edit]
Users of both 407 ETR and Highways 407E/412/418 will only receive one bill invoice, with trips on each highway specified.[26]
407 ETR Transponders are compatible with Highways 407E, 412, and later 418.[26]
407 ETR[edit]
All dollar amounts listed are Canadian dollars. EB = eastbound, WB = westbound
The rate rose for tolls in 2018.
As of February 1, 2018, the base tolls for driving on the 407 ETR are as follows:[27]
Duty Class
Light[28]
Heavy[29]
Heavy Multi-unit[30]
Zone
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Time
Off peak 23.38¢/km 46.76¢/km 70.14¢/km
Midday (Weekdays) 33.81¢/km 67.62¢/km $1.01/km
Midday (Weekends & Holidays) 30.83¢/km 61.66¢/km 92.49¢/km
Peak Period (a.m.) EB
WB 39.33
37.08 39.57
38.49 39.21¢ 36.38
39.21 78.66
74.16 79.14
76.98 78.42¢ 72.76
78.42 $1.18
$1.11 $1.19
$1.15 $1.18 $1.09
$1.18
Peak Hours (a.m.) EB
WB 47.09
42.18 46.66
43.78 46.24
44.60 41.39
46.24 94.18
84.36 93.32
87.56 92.48
89.20 82.78
92.48 $1.41
$1.27 $1.40
$1.31 $1.39
$1.34 $1.24
$1.39
Peak Period (p.m.) EB
WB 38.11
42.55 41.05
42.55 42.17¢ 40.68
37.75 76.22
85.10 82.10
85.10 84.34¢ 81.36
75.50 $1.14
$1.28 $1.23
$1.28 $1.27 $1.22
$1.13
Peak Hours (p.m.) EB
WB 43.30
51.00 49.21
48.34 50.55
47.91 48.76
42.89 86.60
$1.02 98.42
96.68 $1.01
95.82 97.52
85.78 $1.30
$1.53 $1.48
$1.45 $1.52
$1.44 $1.46
$1.29
Minimum Charge
(vehicle with transponder)
Peak N/A $19.85/journey $36.95/journey
Off Peak $12.80/journey $23.85/journey
Accessory Charge
Trip Toll $1/journey $2/journey $3/journey
Additional Charge
Journey Without Transponder
Video Toll $4.15/journey* $50.00/journey** $50.00/journey**
Account Fee $3.95
Transponder Lease
Annually $23.50
Monthly $3.95
Starting February 1, 2018, there are 4 zones: 1 from QEW to 401, 2 from 401 to 427, 3 from 427 to 404 and 4 from 404 to 407E(Brock Rd.)
The toll rate that applies to a specific trip is determined by the time at which a vehicle enters the highway.
Off peak rates are in effect from 19:00 - 06:00 Monday to Friday except public holidays, and 19:00 - 11:00 Saturday, Sunday and holidays.
Midday weekday rates are in effect from 10:00 - 14:30, Mondays to Fridays except for holidays.
Midday weekend/holiday rates are in effect from 11:00 - 19:00, Saturday, Sunday and holidays.
Peak period rates are in effect from 06:00 - 07:00, 09:00 - 10:00, 14:30 - 15:30 and from 18:00 - 19:00, Monday to Friday except for public holidays.
Peak hours rates are in effect from 07:00 - 09:00 and from 15:30 - 18:00, Mondays to Fridays except for public holidays.
Heavy goods vehicles and lorries are assessed a minimum toll regardless of the length of their trip.
* Light goods vehicles without transponders are assessed an additional Video Toll. Motorcycles are not charged a video toll because there is rarely a reasonable place to mount a transponder.
** Heavy duty vehicles are legally required to have transponders in order to use the highway; offenders may be penalised under the Highway Traffic Act.
Highway 407 East[edit]
Ontario Highway 407 Shield seen travelling along the freeway in Oshawa
To compensate for opening delays, tolling of both Highways 407E and 412 did not commence until February 2017.[31] As of February 1, 2017, the following tolls applies for motorists utilizing these tollways. The rate stayed the same in 2018. These tolls will be applied to Highway 418 upon opening:[32]
Time Period
Duty Class
Light[32]
Heavy[32]
Heavy Multi-unit[32]
Peak (Weekdays)
(6am-10am and 3pm-7pm) 29.00 ¢/km 58.00 ¢/km 87.00 ¢/km
Midday (Weekdays)
(10am-3pm) 23.00 ¢/km 46.00 ¢/km 69.00 ¢/km
Midday (Weekends & Holidays)
(11am-7pm) 22.00 ¢/km 44.00 ¢/km 66.00 ¢/km
Off Peak (Weekdays)
(7pm-6am) 19.00 ¢/km 38.00 ¢/km 57.00 ¢/km
Off Peak (Weekends & Holidays)
(7pm-11am) 19.00 ¢/km 38.00 ¢/km 57.00 ¢/km
All end times displayed are rounded up to the nearest minute for simplicity purposes (i.e. 6am is actually 5:59:59am)
The toll rate that applies to a specific trip is determined by the time at which a vehicle enters the highway.
Heavy goods vehicles and lorries are assessed a minimum toll regardless of the length of their trip: $3.00 off peak, $5.00 during peak hours.
As seen above, the costs of utilizing these provincially owned tollways are less than that of the 407 ETR.
Light vehicles without transponders may be assessed an additional Video Toll.
Vehicles weighing over 5,000 kilograms are divided into two categories: Heavy Single Units and Heavy Multiple Units. Heavy Multiple Unit Vehicles will be charged two or three time the passenger rate, depending on the size of the vehicle.[33]
All Heavy Unit vehicles are legally required to have transponders in order to use the highways; offenders may be penalized under the Highway Traffic Act.
History[edit]
Planning and initial construction[edit]
Although construction of Highway 407 did not begin until 1987, planning for the bypass of Highway 401 north of Toronto began in the late-1950s. Concepts for the new "dual highway" first appeared in the 1959 plan for Metropolitan Toronto.[1] Land adjacent to several hydro corridors was acquired for the future freeway in the 1960s, but sat vacant as the Ontario Department of Highway (predecessor to the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) opted instead to widen Highway 401 to a twelve-lane collector-express system. The Highway 401 expansion project was considered a success and construction of Highway 407 was shelved for almost thirty years. The plan was revisited in the mid-1980s as congestion in Toronto pushed roads beyond capacity. In 1986, Premier David Peterson was given a helicopter tour of the city during rush-hour; construction of the highway was announced soon thereafter, and began in 1987.[1]
The Ontario government's normal process for highway construction was not possible given the financial constraints of the recession of the early 1990s. The Peterson government sought out private sector partnerships and acquired innovative electronic tolling technology. Two firms bid on the project, with the Canadian Highways International Corporation being selected as the operator of the highway.[34] Financing for the highway was to be paid by user tolls lasting 35 years, after which it would return to the provincial system as a toll-free 400-series highway.[13] The succeeding government of Bob Rae announced on March 31, 1995, that the corridor reserved for Highway 403 between Burlington and Oakville would instead be built as a western extension of Highway 407.[35]
The first segment of Highway 407, between Highway 410 and Highway 404, was ceremoniously opened to traffic on June 7, 1997; no tolls were charged for a month to allow motorists to test-drive the freeway.[36] Several other sections were well underway at this point. A 13-kilometre (8.1 mi) extension westwards to Highway 401 was opened just months later on December 13, 1997.[37] That section was connected with Highway 403 to the south on September 4, 1998,[2] with a temporary two lane ramp connecting to Trafalgar Road.[38] In the east, an extension to Markham Road, at what was then the southern terminus of Highway 48, was completed in early 1998. However, due to the protest of local residents and officials concerning traffic spill-off (a scenario revisited with the extension to Oshawa[39]), the freeway was opened only as far as McCowan Road on February 18.[40] The short segment from McCowan Road to Markham Road remained closed for over a year, as locals feared the funneling of traffic onto Main Street, which is named Markham Road south of the freeway. Both Markham and McCowan were widened to four lanes between Highway 407 and Steeles Avenue at this time. This did not alleviate concerns, but on June 24, 1999, the extension opened to continued protest regardless.[41]
Privatization and original extensions[edit]
407 International Inc. /
407 ETR Concession Company Ltd.
Headquarters
Vaughan, Ontario, Canada
Owners
Cintra (43.23%)
CPP Investment Board (40%)
SNC-Lavalin (16.77%)
Website
www.407etr.com
When Mike Harris was elected Premier in 1995 on his platform of the Common Sense Revolution, the Ontario government faced a $11 billion annual deficit and a $100 billion debt. Seeking to balance the books, a number of publicly owned services were privatized over the following years. Although initially spared, Highway 407 was sold quickly in the year leading up to the 1999 provincial elections. The highway was leased to a conglomerate of private companies for $3.1 billion. The Ontario corporation, known as 407 International Inc., is jointly owned by the Spanish multinational Cintra Infraestructuras (43.23%), as well as various subsidiaries of the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (40%) and the Montreal-based engineering firm SNC-Lavalin (16.77%).[42] The deal included a 99-year lease agreement with unlimited control over the highway and its tolls, dependent on traffic volume; however, the government maintains the right to build a transport system within the highway right-of-way.[13]
When purchased, the highway travelled from the junction of Highway 403 in Mississauga to Markham Road in Markham. Extensions westward to the QEW and eastward to Highway 7 and Brock Road in Pickering were constructed by the corporation, as mandated in the lease agreement.[42] The western extension, from Highway 403 southwest to the QEW, was not part of the original Highway 407 concept in 1987; rather, the corridor was originally intended to connect the Hamilton and Mississauga sections of Highway 403. Highway 407 was originally slated to assume the temporary routing for Highway 403 along the Mississauga-Oakville boundary to end at the QEW. However, the Bob Rae led Ontario government altered these plans in 1995,[35] and the corporation constructed this section quickly upon obtaining the lease. Sections opened throughout the middle of 2001: between Neyagawa Boulevard and Highway 403 on June 17; between Bronte Road and Neyagawa Boulevard on June 29; between Dundas Street and Bronte Road on July 18; and between the Freeman Interchange and Dundas Street on July 30. In the east, a final extension between Markham Road and Highway 7 opened a month later on August 30.[2]
On October 5, 2010, the Canadian Pension Plan announced that an agreement was reached with the owners of the roadway to purchase 10% stake for $894 million.[43] This implies a value of close to $9 billion for the highway in its current state. However, in 1998, MPP E.J. Douglas Rollins found that as much as $104 billion had been spent by the province to that point.[44]
Controversy[edit]
Left-hand exiting can potentially cause problems for drivers, such as weaving across traffic to avoid exiting and being billed for accidentally driving on the highway.
Highway 407 ETR has been the subject of several controversies over its two decades of existence. While the privatization of the route and toll rate increases have been routinely criticized by the general public and politicians,[14][44] cost-savings measures and the ensuing safety concerns resulted in an independent Ontario Provincial Police investigation shortly before the opening of the freeway.[45] Finally, the public has accused the 407 ETR of predatory billing practices, including false billing and continued plate denial after bankruptcy.[46][47]
An expert panel of engineers released a report outlining concerns regarding the decreased loop ramp radii and a lack of protective guardrail at sharp curves, in addition to the lack of a concrete median barrier to separate the opposite directions of travel. However, it was also argued that the large grass median was sufficient to prevent cross-over collisions, given that Highway 410 has a similar median.[45]
The Ontario provincial government has quarrelled with 407 ETR over toll rates and customer service, but is largely tied down by the lease contract. On February 2, 2004, the government delivered notice to 407 ETR that they are considered to be in default of their contract because of 407 ETR's decision to raise toll rates without first obtaining provincial clearance. The court's initial decision sided with 407 ETR: on July 10, 2004, an independent arbitrator affirmed that 407 ETR has the ability to raise toll rates without first consulting the government. The government filed an appeal of this decision but was overruled by an Ontario Superior Court decision released on January 6, 2005; however, a subsequent ruling by the Ontario Court of Appeal on June 13, 2005 granted the government permission to appeal the decision.[48] The government also faced off against 407 ETR in court regarding plate denial around this time.[25]
Highway 407 East project[edit]
See also: Ontario Highway 412 and Ontario Highway 418
Planned routing, including two north-south connector freeways in Durham Region, as part of the eastern extension.
A provincially owned 65-kilometre (40 mi) long extension to the 407 ETR, known as Highway 407 East (or 407E), began construction in 2012, with the project undertaken in two separate phases. Phase 1 was opened on June 20, 2016, consisting of a 22-kilometre (14 mi) extension to Harmony Road in Oshawa, as well as the 10-kilometre (6.2 mi) Highway 412. The extension was free of tolls until February 1, 2017.[49] Phase 2A, opened January 2, 2018, added a 9.6-kilometre (6.0 mi) extension to Taunton Road at the future Highway 418 interchange.[50] Phase 2B will add a further 23.3 kilometres (14.5 mi), consisting of an east-west extension from Taunton Road to Highway 35 and Highway 115, as well as Highway 418, the north-south connector to Highway 401; Phase 2B is scheduled for completion in 2020.[51]
An environmental assessment (EA) to analyze the proposed extension was undertaken in the early 2000s. The assessment also included studies of the two north–south connectors. A preferred route was announced in June 2007,[52] and the EA was completed in June 2009. On March 6, 2007, as part of the FLOW initiative, the Government of Canada and the Province of Ontario confirmed the extension of the 407 to Highway 35 and Highway 115 in Clarington, including the connector highways, with an announced completion date of 2013.[53] On January 27, 2009, the provincial government announced that the extension would be a tolled highway but owned by the province and with tolls set by the province. The announcement also indicated that the province expected to issue a Request for Proposals later in the year.[54] The contract, which is valued at $1.6 billion and includes construction and operation of the highway, was eventually awarded to the same consortium that owns 407 ETR.[46][55]
A bridge under construction along Highway 7 west of Brooklin in 2012; this was the first project along the new extension.
On June 9, 2010, the MTO approved the extension as far east as Simcoe Street in Oshawa, announcing plans to phase construction of the extension. Local residents and politicians rejected the plan, as had happened with the section between McCowan Road and Markham Road.[39][40] A motion was proposed in the Ontario Legislature to build the full extension in one project, but failed to pass. Instead, a compromise was issued on March 10, 2011: the first phase would extend Highway 407 to Harmony Road in Oshawa by 2015, including Highway 412; the second phase would then complete the extension to Highway 35 / 115 by 2020, including Highway 418.[56] This timeline was confirmed by Premier Dalton McGuinty on May 24, 2012,[51] and construction began in the first quarter of 2013.[57]
ON 407's extension in June 2016, before its opening
In early December 2015, it was announced that contractor delays would push the opening of the first phase from December 18 to the spring of 2016.[58] The extension did not open until the morning of June 20, 2016, in the last hours of Spring 2016.[21]
Future[edit]
On December 15, 2016, it was mentioned on the Markham Economist and Sun newspaper that the Highway 407 ETR proposes to widen the highway six to eight lanes between Markham Road and York-Durham Line and four to six lanes between York-Durham Line to west of Brock Road. A new Whites Road interchange (currently Sideline 26) will also be built.[59] The widening between York-Durham Line and Brock Road is expected to begin in Spring 2018.[60]
The future town of Seaton is currently under development with the release of development lands in Durham north of the Gatineau Hydro Corridor and west of Brock Road. This development will include the future Pickering Airport, slated for construction in 2020. An interchange with a future extension of Rossland Road at the current North Road overpass (near Whitevale) will be built as part of the large road network planned for the development.[59]
Exit list[edit]
The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 407, as noted by the 407 ETR Concession Company Limited.[3]
Division
Location
km[3]
mi
Exit
Destinations
Notes
Halton Burlington
0.0
0.0 – Highway 403 – Hamilton, Brantford / Queen Elizabeth Way – Niagara Falls Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
6.0
3.7 5 Dundas Street Formerly Highway 5
9.9
6.2 9 Appleby Line
Oakville
14.0
8.7 13 Bronte Road - Oakville, Milton Formerly Highway 25
18.9
11.7 18 Neyagawa Boulevard
22.2
13.8 21 Trafalgar Road - Oakville, Halton Hills
Halton–Peel Milton–Mississauga
24.8
15.4 24 Highway 403 – Toronto
28.8
17.9 28 Britannia Road
31.9
19.8 31 Derry Road
33.9–
35.8
21.1–
22.2 34A Highway 401 east – Toronto Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
Peel Brampton–Mississauga 34B Highway 401 west – London Signed as exit 34 westbound
39.7
24.7 39 Mississauga Road
Brampton
42.9
26.7 42 Mavis Road
45.2
28.1 44 Hurontario Street Formerly Highway 10
47.3
29.4 46 Highway 410
49.6
30.8 48 Dixie Road
51.1
31.8 50 Bramalea Road Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
54.2
33.7 53 Airport Road
55.7
34.6 54 Goreway Drive Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
York Vaughan
58.9
36.6 58 Highway 427 – Toronto, Pearson International Airport
60.2
37.4 59 "Highway 27" - Toronto, Barrie Former Highway 27
64.2
39.9 63 Pine Valley Drive changeable message sign eastbound prior to overpass
66.4
41.3 65 Weston Road Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
67.1
41.7 66 Highway 400 – Toronto, Barrie No access to Highway 7 or Steeles via Highway 400
68.3
42.4 67 Jane Street
70.5
43.8 69 Keele Street
74.0
46.0 73 Dufferin Street
76.2
47.3 75 Bathurst Street
Richmond Hill–Markham–Vaughan
78.4
48.7 77 Yonge Street Former Highway 11
Markham
80.3
49.9 79 Bayview Avenue
82.4
51.2 81 Leslie Street Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
83.4
51.8 82 Highway 404 – Toronto, Newmarket No access to Highway 7 via Highway 404
84.4
52.4 84 Woodbine Avenue
86.5
53.7 86 Warden Avenue
88.4
54.9 88 Kennedy Road
90.5
56.2 90 McCowan Road
92.6
57.5 92 Markham Road Former Highway 48
94.7
58.8 94 Ninth Line New ramps added 2009 - Westbound ramp from northbound Ninth Line. No access to Highway 407 eastbound from Ninth Line northbound.
96.4
59.9 96 Donald Cousens Parkway No access to Highway 407 eastbound and westbound from Donald Cousens Parkway northbound.
York–Durham Markham–Pickering
99.4
61.8 98 York-Durham Line
Durham Pickering
100 Rossland Road Future interchange on existing freeway; currently North Road.[59]
102 Whites Road Future interchange proposed by Highway 407 ETR. Currently Sideline 26[59]
106.5
66.2 Brock Road At-grade intersection closed late 2015; corresponding segments of Brock Rd now Mowbray St and Elsa Storry Ave
105 Brock Road
107.3
66.7 Highway 7 / Sideline 16 At-grade intersection with former Brock Road alignment closed 2015; eastern terminus of 407 designation 2001–2016.
Eastern limit of 407 ETR. Western limit of provincially owned Highway 407
108 Westney Road Future interchange on existing freeway
109 Salem Road Future interchange on existing freeway. Currently eastbound off/on ramps used by service vehicles only to maintenance facility with no access to Salem Road.
Pickering–Whitby
111 Lake Ridge Road
Whitby
112 Highway 412 Tolled; connector freeway to Highway 401
118 Highway 12 / Baldwin Street – Brooklin, Orillia
120 Thickson Road
Oshawa
122 Thornton Road Future interchange on existing freeway
124 Simcoe Street
127 Harmony Road Former Eastern Terminus of 407E (Phase One).
Clarington
132 Enfield Road Opened January 2, 2018
135* Highway 418 Phase 2A (2018):* Interchange unsigned, as 407 east traffic rerouted onto 418 stub south to Taunton Road.
Phase 2B (2020): Full interchange; connector freeway to Highway 401.
8* Taunton Road* Current terminus of Highway 407, as of January 2, 2018 (Phase 2A)
*Interchange number based on Hwy 418 mileage
Phase 2B (2020): Removal of 407 access to/from Taunton Road. North-South section of freeway to be renamed as part of Highway 418.[61]
136 Durham Regional Road 57 Planned opening 2020
143 Darlington-Clarke Townline Planned opening 2020
147 Highway 35/ Highway 115 – Peterborough, Lindsay Planned opening 2020; eastern terminus of Highway 407
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
Incomplete access
Tolled
Unopened
See also[edit]
Private highway
Maryland Route 200, a similar toll road in Maryland, United States.
407 Transitway
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Sewell, John (2009). The Shape of the Suburbs: Understanding Toronto's Sprawl. University of Toronto Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-8020-9884-9. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c Settlement of Claim of Richard Prendiville (PDF) (Report). Ontario Superior Court of Justice. December 12, 2001. p. 7. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 27, 2014. Retrieved June 30, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Map / Toll Calculator". 407 ETR. February 1, 2014. Archived from the original on September 25, 2011. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Design - Highway 407 Project". Highway407east.com. October 2012. Archived from the original on July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Allen, Paddy (July 11, 2011). "Carmageddon: the world's busiest roads". The Guardian. Guardian News & Media Ltd. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
Jump up ^ Maier, Hanna (October 9, 2007). "Chapter 2". Long-Life Concrete Pavements in Europe and Canada (Report). Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved May 1, 2010. The key high-volume highways in Ontario are the 400-series highways in the southern part of the province. The most important of these is the 401, the busiest highway in North America, with average annual daily traffic (AADT) of more than 425,000 vehicles in 2004 and daily traffic sometimes exceeding 500,000 vehicles.
Jump up ^ "Highway 407 Act, 1998, Sections 12(1) and 12(2)". Service Ontario e-Laws. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Canadian Press (February 15, 2013). "Highway 407 Profits Soar". Toronto Star. Retrieved February 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Regg Cohn, Martin (March 30, 2015). "PC blunder over Highway 407 looms over Liberals on Hydro: Cohn". Toronto Star. Retrieved December 6, 2017. The 407 deal is now considered a financial blunder on a par with Newfoundland’s lease of Churchill Falls to Quebec, and China’s surrender of Hong Kong to Britain, for equally ill-fated 99-year leases.
Jump up ^ "Next phase of Hwy. 407 from Oshawa to Clarington will open in early January, 2018". DurhamRegion.com. Retrieved January 6, 2018. The new addition of 9.6 kilometres to Highway 407, including two new interchanges, will open in early January.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Golden Horseshoe (Map). Cartography by MapArt. Peter Heiler Ltd. 2011. pp. 258, 353–357, 451–453, 457–459, 464, 469–470, 474–475. § H2–9, V3–Z42, Y8–R56. ISBN 978-1-55198-213-7.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Google (July 19, 2014). "Highway 407 - Length and Route" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 19, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Trautman, Jim (May 11, 2010). "Did Ontario Taxpayers Get Taken For a Ride on Highway 407?". Eye Weekly. Archived from the original on August 9, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c McGran, Kevin (January 4, 2003). "407 is the Road Less Travelled Due to Highway's Rising Tolls". The Toronto Star. p. A18.
Jump up ^ "Usage Statistics". 407 ETR. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Wolfe, Sarah. "Company Reports - 407 ETR: Drive the Open Road". Business Review Canada. White Digital Media Group. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ The Design and Construction of Concrete Pavements for Highway 407 ETR - Express Toll Route (Report). Transportation Association of Canada. 1997.
Jump up ^ Schedule 6 - Description of Highway 407 East Partial (PDF) (Report). 407 ETR. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 8, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Warren, Jeff; Dinerman, Alla (February 2013). 407 East Brock Road Interchange: Design and Construction Report (PDF) (Report). MMM Group. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 8, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Highway 407 Open TO TRAFFIC FROM HARMONY ROAD TO TAUNTON ROAD". Blackbird. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hwy. 407 eastern extension opens between Pickering and Oshawa". Inside Toronto.
Jump up ^ "Tolling Rates on Highway 407 and Highway 412". Government of Ontario. January 3, 2017. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Tolls Explained". 407 ETR. Archived from the original on August 8, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ The Highway 407 Act, Section 22
^ Jump up to: a b "Court of Appeal Denies Government's Request to Appeal Plate Denial Decision for 407 ETR Debts". 407 ETR. February 26, 2006. Archived from the original on August 26, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Tolling". Highway 407 East. 2016. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Complete Fee Details". 407 ETR. February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Current Rate Chart". 407 ETR. February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Current Rate Chart". 407 ETR. February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Current Rate Chart". 407 ETR. February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Tolling". Highway 407 East. 2016. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Major highway projects - Toll Rates". Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO). July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Major highway projects - Toll Rates". Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO). July 7, 2016. Retrieved July 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Highway 407 Hijack – How Ontario Became a Have Not Province Pt 5". D, Salman. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Boyle, Theresa (April 1, 1995). "Rae Announces 407 Extension". News. The Toronto Star. p. A12. Rae also announced yesterday that the province will ask for private-sector proposals to design and construct the Burlington–Oakville link of Highway 403 as part of Highway 407.
Jump up ^ Mitchell, Bob (June 6, 1997). "At Last — Opening Bell Tolls for the 407". News. The Toronto Star. pp. A1, A6.
Jump up ^ Mitchell, Bob (December 13, 1997). "Highway 407 Extends to West". News. The Toronto Star. p. A5. Highway 407's 13 kilometre western extension opens today from Highway 410 in Brampton to Highway 401 in Mississauga.
Jump up ^ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by Cartography Section. Ministry of Transportation of Ontario. 1990. Greater Toronto Area inset.
^ Jump up to: a b Richard, Katie. ""Crippling Impacts" for 407 Phase-in". The Oshawa Express. Dowellman Publishing Corp. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Mitchell, Bob; Keung, Nicholas (February 18, 1998). "Highway 407 Grows a Controversial 7 Kilometres". Greater Toronto. The Toronto Star. p. B1, B3. Highway 407 grows again today with the opening of a controversial seven-kilometre stretch from Highway 404 to McCowan Road. As of 2:30 p.m., motorists will be able to travel Canada's first tollway from Highway 401 on the Mississauga/Milton border to McCowan Rd. in Markham.
Jump up ^ Swainson, Gail (June 28, 1999). "Highway Bypass Put on Fast Track". Greater Toronto. The Toronto Star. p. B5. The eastern section of Highway 407, running from McCowan Rd. to Markham Rd., opened Thursday to howls of protest from Markham residents.
^ Jump up to: a b "History". 407 ETR. Archived from the original on July 30, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Alexander, Doug (October 5, 2010). "CPP Investment Board to Buy 10% of 407 Toll Road for About $878 Million". Bloomberg. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Highway 407 Act, 1998". Hansard Issue L047 (Report). Legislative Assembly of Ontario. October 21, 1998. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Gooderham, Mary (April 5, 1997). "407 Builders Scrimped on Safety: Report". The Globe & Mail. p. A8.
^ Jump up to: a b Poisson, Jayme (May 23, 2012). "Spanish Firm Behind 407 ETR Will Help Manage $1B Eastern Extension of the Toll Road". The Toronto Star. Retrieved August 27, 2014.
Jump up ^ Allen, Kate (May 16, 2012). "Drivers Fight 407 ETR's Right to Collect Toll Debts After Bankruptcy". The Toronto Star. Retrieved August 27, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Court Grants Leave to Appeal Ruling Regarding Tolls". 407 ETR. June 13, 2005. Retrieved August 27, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Highway 407 extension opens in Durham Region". 680 News Toronto. June 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Ontario Opens New Section of Highway in Durham Region". Ontario Newsroom. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b The Canadian Press (May 24, 2012). "Eastward Extension of Highway 407 Coming, Tolls Will Be 'Reasonable'". Hamilton Spectator. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Highway 407 East Technically Recommended Route (PDF) (Report). 407 East. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 9, 2008. Retrieved December 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Canada's New Government Announces Investment to Cut Commute Times, Clear the Air and Drive the Economy in the Greater Toronto Area". Prime Minister of Canada. March 6, 2007. Archived from the original on February 27, 2010. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (January 27, 2009). "Province To Own Highway 407 Extension". CNW Group. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ The Canadian Press (May 24, 2012). "McGuinty Announces $1B Extension of Highway 407". CP24. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Liberals to Extend Highway 407". Oshawa This Week. Metroland Media. March 10, 2011. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Zochodne, Geoff (July 24, 2013). "Hwy 407's Path of Construction" (PDF). The Oshawa Express. White Digital Media Group. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Gilligan, Keith (December 4, 2015). "Opening of Hwy. 407 expansion through Oshawa delayed until 2016". Oshawa This Week. Metroland Media. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Seaton Report
Jump up ^ www.407etr.com. "Construction | 407 ETR". www.407etr.com. Retrieved 2018-02-02.
Jump up ^ "Next phase of Hwy. 407 from Oshawa to Clarington will open in early January, 2018". DurhamRegion.com. Retrieved January 6, 2018. Ministry officials explained Friday morning that in the interim, the north-south section from Highway 407 to Taunton will also be called Highway 407. Once the full north-south toll road from Highway 401 to Highway 407 is complete in two years, the name will revert to Highway 418.
External links[edit]
Route map: Google
KML file (edit • help)
Display on Google Maps
Template:Attached KML/Ontario Highway 407
KML is from Wikidata
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ontario Highway 407.
Official links
407/ETR official website, privately operated section
Highway 407 official website, publicly operated section
407 East Extension Environmental Assessment
Highway 407 East Extension project page
407 East Phase 1 webpage
Highway 407 Act, 1998
Highway 407 Safety Review Committee report (archived copy)
Other links
Video of Highway 407 eastbound from Burlington to Vaughan
Video of Highway 407 eastbound from Vaughan to Oshawa
Highway 407 at OntHighways.com
[hide]
v
t
e
Controlled-access highways of Ontario
400-series highways
400
400A
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
409
410
412
416
417
420
427
QEW
Other Provincial
Hanlon Expwy. (6, 7)
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A Million Ways to Die in the West
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A Million Ways to Die in the West
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Seth MacFarlane
Produced by
Seth MacFarlane
Scott Stuber
Jason Clark
Written by
Seth MacFarlane
Alec Sulkin
Wellesley Wild
Starring
Seth MacFarlane
Charlize Theron
Amanda Seyfried
Neil Patrick Harris
Giovanni Ribisi
Sarah Silverman
Liam Neeson
Narrated by
Rex Linn
Music by
Joel McNeely
Cinematography
Michael Barrett
Edited by
Jeff Freeman
Production
company
Media Rights Capital
Fuzzy Door Productions
Bluegrass Films
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release date
May 30, 2014 (2014-05-30)
Running time
116 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$40 million[2]
Box office
$87.2 million[3]
A Million Ways to Die in the West is a 2014 American western comedy film directed by Seth MacFarlane, who wrote the screenplay with Alec Sulkin and Wellesley Wild. The film features an ensemble cast including MacFarlane, Charlize Theron, Amanda Seyfried, Neil Patrick Harris, Giovanni Ribisi, Sarah Silverman and Liam Neeson. The film follows Albert Stark (MacFarlane) who feels certain that the western frontier is trying to kill him while coping from his break-up with his girlfriend. However, a beautiful, pistol-packing woman named Anna (Theron) rides into town and helps Albert find his inner courage. Then Stark must put his newfound bravery to the test when Anna's outlaw husband arrives with plans to plant him in an unmarked grave.
Development for A Million Ways to Die in the West began while MacFarlane and co-writers Sulkin and Wild were watching western movies while developing Ted. Casting was done between December 2012 and March 2013. Filming began on May 6, 2013, in various locations in New Mexico including Alburquerque and Santa Fe, and it concluded on August 9 that year. Joel McNeely composed the score and Media Rights Capital, Fuzzy Door Productions, and Bluegrass Films produced the film.
The film was released on May 30, 2014, in the United States, and distributed worldwide by Universal Pictures. The film received mixed reviews from critics, much of the criticism the film got was for its length and MacFarlane's performance. The film was number three at the box office during its opening weekend and grossed over $87 million worldwide against a budget of $40 million. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 7, 2014, and earned more than $15 million in home media sales.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
2.1 Cameos
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
4 Soundtrack
5 Release
5.1 Marketing
5.2 Box office
5.3 Home media
6 Reception
6.1 Critical response
6.2 Accolades
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Play media
Official trailer
In 1882, in the town of Old Stump, Arizona, a cowardly sheep farmer named Albert Stark (Seth MacFarlane) is dumped by his girlfriend Louise (Amanda Seyfried) as a result of his withdrawal from a gunfight. He prepares to leave for San Francisco, believing that the frontier offers nothing for him. Meanwhile, infamous outlaw Clinch Leatherwood (Liam Neeson) robs and kills an old prospector (Matt Clark) for a gold nugget. He orders his right-hand man Lewis (Evan Jones) to escort his wife Anna (Charlize Theron) to Old Stump to lie low while he continues his banditry. Lewis and Anna arrive in Old Stump under the guise of two siblings intending to build a farm, but Lewis is arrested after shooting the Pastor's (John Aylward) son (Dylan Kenin) in a saloon. During the ensuing fight, Albert saves Anna from being crushed to death by two of the brawlers, and the two become close friends. They attend a county fair where Louise's new boyfriend, the haughty Foy (Neil Patrick Harris), challenges Albert to a shooting contest. Albert is defeated, but Anna steps in and defeats Foy. Foy mocks Albert, who angrily challenges Foy to a duel in a week's time. Anna then spends the week teaching Albert how to shoot.
During a barn dance the night before the duel, Anna slips Foy a Mickey. After leaving the dance, Albert and Anna kiss before heading home. Upon breaking out of jail and murdering the sheriff, Lewis witnesses the kiss and reports it to Clinch. On the day of the duel, Foy arrives late and goes into convulsions from the laxative he had unknowingly drunk. Albert, who has decided that Louise is not worth fighting for, once again forfeits the duel. He retires to the saloon, but Clinch arrives and demands to know who kissed his wife. When no one comes forward, Clinch shoots a nearby cowboy (Ryan Reynolds). He reveals that Anna is his wife and threatens to continue killing unless his wife's lover duels him at noon the next day. Clinch later forces Anna to reveal Albert's name and then prepares to have sex with her, but she knocks him unconscious and escapes.
Anna returns to Albert's farm, where he angrily shouts at her for lying to him. Clinch pursues Anna to the farm; Albert helps her escape, then escapes himself. While fleeing, he is captured by a tribe of Apache Indians, who threaten to burn him alive. The Indians spare him when he reveals that he can speak their language. They give him a bowl of peyote, which sends him flashing back to his birth and through painful events of his childhood before making him realize that he loves Anna. Meanwhile, Clinch recaptures Anna in town, in front of Edward's (Giovanni Ribisi) house. Albert returns to Old Stump and confronts Clinch. He wounds Clinch with a bullet poisoned with rattlesnake venom before his own gun is shot out of his hand, but he manages to stall until Clinch fatally succumbs to the poison. Louise attempts to win back Albert, but he rejects her and instead happily enters a relationship with Anna. Albert also receives a bounty for killing Clinch and uses the money to buy more sheep.
Later at the Fair, the proprietor of a racially charged shooting game called "Runaway Slave" asks who would like to take a shot. Django (Jamie Foxx) steps up and shoots the man while commenting that "people die at the fair".
Cast[edit]
Seth MacFarlane as Albert Stark, a sheepherder.
Mike Salazar as 6-year-old Albert
Charlize Theron as Anna Barnes-Leatherwood,[4] Clinch Leatherwood's wife who befriends Albert.
Liam Neeson as Clinch Leatherwood,[5] an infamous outlaw and Anna's husband.
Giovanni Ribisi as Edward,[5] Albert's best friend and Ruth's boyfriend
Neil Patrick Harris as Foy,[6] an Old Stump inhabitant and Louise's current boyfriend.
Sarah Silverman as Ruth, Edward's girlfriend and a prostitute.
Amanda Seyfried as Louise,[7] Albert's ex-girlfriend.
Christopher Hagen as George Stark, Albert's cantankerous father.
Wes Studi as Cochise[8]
Rex Linn as Sheriff/Narrator[7]
Alex Borstein as Millie, a madam at a local brothel which Ruth works at.
Ralph Garman as Dan
John Aylward as Pastor Wilson
Amick Byram as Marcus Thornton
Evan Jones as Lewis, an outlaw and Clinch Leatherwood's right-hand man.
Dylan Kenin as Pastor's Son, the son of a pastor who is killed by Lewis in the bar.
Cameos[edit]
Jamie Foxx (uncredited) as Django Freeman,[9] he appears where he shoots the owner of the "Runaway Slave" game. The scene featuring him was added after audiences in test screenings reacted poorly to the shooting gallery at the fair which features cartoon images of black slaves as targets.
Ryan Reynolds (uncredited) as cowboy killed in bar
Tait Fletcher as Cowboy #1[10]
Gilbert Gottfried as Abraham Lincoln,[11] he was seen during Albert's drug trip.
Mike Henry as smiling man in photograph
Dennis Haskins as snake oil salesman
John Michael Higgins as Dandy #1
Christopher Lloyd as Doc Brown[12]
Bill Maher as comic[13]
Ewan McGregor as a cowboy who laughed with Foy at Albert's expense at the fair.
Alec Sulkin as guy at fair
Rupert Boneham as guy in bar fight
Kaley Cuoco (uncredited, unrated version only) as a woman that Albert tries to pick up in a store.
Patrick Stewart (uncredited voice) as a sheep with long legs that was seen in Albert's drug trip.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
A Million Ways to Die in the West originated as an inside joke between MacFarlane and co-writers Sulkin and Wild,[14] while they were watching Hang 'Em High.[15] The joke evolved into "riffing on the idea of how dull, depressing, and dangerous it must have been to live in the Wild West."[14] MacFarlane, a lifelong fan of westerns, began researching the topic, using Jeff Guinn's nonfiction novel, The Last Gunfight: The Real Story of the Shootout at the O.K. Corral — And How It Changed the American West as an "invaluable resource," and basis for many of the ways of dying in the film.[14] Various aspects of the film were inspired by real westerns. The decision to make Albert a sheep herder was inspired by Montana (1950) and his average, non-confrontational demeanor by 3:10 to Yuma (1957).[16] Other westerns that inspired MacFarlane and the crew during writing included Oklahoma! (1955), The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962), and El Dorado (1966).[16] The film was first announced on December 3, 2012, marking MacFarlane's second foray into live-action directing, after 2012's Ted.[17]
Casting[edit]
On January 30, 2013, it was announced that Charlize Theron had joined the film.[18] Theron later revealed that she "begged" for her role.[19] On February 11, it was announced Amanda Seyfried had joined the film.[20] On March 6, it was announced Liam Neeson and Giovanni Ribisi had joined the film.[21] Neeson, who nearly always suppresses his Irish accent when acting, agreed to play the part of Clinch only on the condition that he could use his Irish accent. In an interview on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon, Neeson remarked that he made this demand because an episode of MacFarlane's Family Guy had previously made a joke out of the juxtaposition of Neeson playing a cowboy with an Irish accent.[22] On March 18, it was announced that Sarah Silverman was cast to play a prostitute in the film.[23] On May 10, it was announced that the film would be co-financed by Media Rights Capital and Fuzzy Door Productions, along with Bluegrass Films and distributed by Universal Studios.[24] On May 11, 2013, it was announced that Neil Patrick Harris had joined the film.[25] On May 29, 2013, MacFarlane announced that Bill Maher had joined the cast.[13] On February 21, 2014, he announced that Gilbert Gottfried had also joined the cast.[11]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography began on May 6, 2013.[26][27] Filming locations included various areas in and around Albuquerque, New Mexico,[28] also including the Santa Fe Studio in Santa Fe.[29] Principal photography ended on August 9, 2013.[30] The film shoot was difficult, as the cast and crew navigated rough weather: "everything from hailstorms to blistering heat to arctic winds and torrential rainstorms."[14]
Soundtrack[edit]
A Million Ways to Die in the West
Soundtrack album by Joel McNeely
Released
May 27, 2014
Recorded
2014
Genre
Film score
Length
41:20
Label
Back Lot Music
Joel McNeely film scores chronology
The Pirate Fairy
(2014)The Pirate Fairy2014 A Million Ways to Die in the West
(2014) Home
(2015)Home2015
The score was composed by Joel McNeely. The soundtrack was released by Back Lot Music on May 27, 2014.[31] The theme song "A Million Ways to Die" is performed by Alan Jackson. It was released as a single on April 29, 2014.[32] A portion of the Back to the Future theme by Alan Silvestri is used during Christopher Lloyd's cameo.[10]
Track listing
All music composed by Joel McNeely, except as noted.
No.
Title
Length
1. "A Million Ways to Die" (performed by Alan Jackson) 2:27
2. "Main Title" 2:33
3. "Missing Louise" 2:08
4. "Old Stump" 0:45
5. "Saloon Brawl" 1:50
6. "Rattlesnake Ridge" 1:28
7. "People Die at the Fair" 2:11
8. "The Shooting Lesson" 2:16
9. "The Barn Dance" 2:29
10. "If You’ve Only Got a Moustache" (composed by Stephen Foster, performed by Amick Byram) 1:31
11. "Anna and Albert" 4:19
12. "Clinch Hunts Albert" 3:41
13. "Racing the Train" 2:21
14. "Captured by Cochise" 2:07
15. "Albert Takes a Trip" 2:24
16. "The Showdown" 2:20
17. "Sheep to the Horizon" 2:00
18. "End Title Suite" 2:30
Total length: 41:20
Release[edit]
On May 16, 2014, the film had its world premiere at the Regency Village Theater in Los Angeles.[33][34] The film was later released nationwide on May 30, 2014.[35] The film was produced by Media Rights Capital, Fuzzy Door Productions, and Bluegrass Films and distributed by Universal Pictures.[36][37]
Marketing[edit]
On January 27, 2014, MacFarlane announced that he wrote a companion novel based on the film's script, which was released on March 4, 2014.[38][39] An audio-book version was also made available, narrated by Jonathan Frakes.[40] MacFarlane wrote the book on weekends during shooting for the film, partially due to boredom.[14]
Box office[edit]
A Million Ways to Die in the West grossed $43.1 million in North America and $43.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $86.4 million, against its $40 million budget.[3]
The film grossed $16.8 million in its opening weekend, finishing in third place at the box office behind fellow newcomer Maleficent and the previous weekend's opener X-Men: Days of Future Past.[3] This was below expectations of $26 million.[41] In its second weekend, the film dropped to number five, grossing an additional $7.3 million.[42] In its third weekend, the film dropped to number eight, grossing $3.2 million.[43] In its fourth weekend, the film dropped to number 11, grossing $1.6 million.[44]
Home media[edit]
A Million Ways to Die in the West was released via DVD and Blu-ray on October 7, 2014.[45] The Blu-ray release contains an unrated version (135 minutes), along with the original theatrical cut (116 minutes). In the United States, the film has grossed $8,336,420 from DVD sales and $6,739,162 from Blu-ray sales, making a total of $15,075,582.[46]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
A Million Ways to Die in the West received mixed reviews from critics.[47][48] Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a 33% rating based on 192 reviews, with an average score of 4.9/10. The site's consensus states, "While it offers a few laughs and boasts a talented cast, Seth MacFarlane's overlong, aimless A Million Ways to Die in the West is a disappointingly scattershot affair."[49] Another review aggregation website, Metacritic, gave a score of 44 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[47] Audiences by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale; opening weekend demographics were primarily male (55%) and over 25 years of age (72%).[50]
Claudia Puig's review in USA Today was largely positive, writing, "A Western with a contemporary sensibility and dialogue that sounds markedly modern, A Million Ways to Die in the West is quintessential MacFarlane, at once silly and witty, juvenile and clever."[51] Stephen Holden's review in The New York Times was mainly neutral, calling the film "a live-action spinoff of [Family Guy], with different characters."[52] "While the whole thing feels weirdly miscalculated to me, A Million Ways to Die in the West tweaks the formula just enough, delivers a few laughs and keeps the guest stars coming," wrote Salon columnist Andrew O'Hehir.[53] Rafer Guzman of Newsday found the film amusing, calling it "another example of MacFarlane's ability to mix poop jokes with romance, foul language with sweet sentiment, offensive humor with boyish charm."[54]
In a more negative review, Scott Mendelson of Forbes commended MacFarlane's decision to make an unconventional western comedy, but summarized the film as "just ambitious enough for that to be genuinely disappointing."[55] Michael O'Sullivan at The Washington Post was mixed, deeming the film a "broad, wildly hit-or-miss satire," remarking that he found few of the jokes in the film funny.[56] "Spiritually, it's closer to a mid-range crowd-pleaser such as City Slickers than Blazing Saddles, too enamoured of genre convention to reach for the comic dynamite," wrote Mike McCahill at The Guardian.[57]
Much of the film's criticism was directed towards its writing, running time, and MacFarlane's debut live-action performance. Michael Phillips of the Chicago Tribune criticized MacFarlane's acting and direction as: "A failure of craft. He can't direct action, or even handle scenery well. He can't set up a visual joke properly without resorting to head-butting and bone-crunching, and he doesn't know how, or when, to move his camera. He's not good enough as a romantic lead to anchor a picture."[58] Richard Corliss of Time called the film a "sagebrush comedy whose visual grandeur and appealing actors get polluted by some astonishingly lazy writing."[59] Scott Foundas of Variety found the film "overlong and uninspired," criticizing the film's "lazy writing," and MacFarlane's "surprisingly bland" comic performance.[60]
Rene Rodriguez of the Miami Herald gave the film one star, commenting, "There are enough laughs scattered throughout A Million Ways to Die in the West that while you're watching it, the movie seems like a passable comedy. By the time you get home, though, you can barely remember the jokes."[61] John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter criticized the film's running time: "Though the film is hardly laugh-free, its uneven jokes appear to have breezed through a very forgiving editing process."[62] Joe Morgenstern of The Wall Street Journal too found the film's length "exhausting," noting, "Some of it sputters, settling for smiles instead of laughs, and much of it flounders while the slapdash script searches [...] for ever more common denominators in toilet humor."[63]
Accolades[edit]
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
Ref(s)
People's Choice Award January 7, 2015 Favorite Comedic Movie Actress Charlize Theron Nominated [64]
International Film Music Critics Association Award February 19, 2015 Best Original Score for a Comedy Film Joel McNeely Nominated [65]
Golden Raspberry Awards February 21, 2015 Worst Actor Seth MacFarlane Nominated [66]
Worst Actress Charlize Theron Nominated
Worst Director Seth MacFarlane Nominated
Worst Screen Combo Seth MacFarlane and Charlize Theron Nominated
References[edit]
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External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: A Million Ways to Die in the West
A Million Ways to Die in the West at Universal Studios website
A Million Ways to Die in the West on IMDb
A Million Ways to Die in the West at Box Office Mojo
A Million Ways to Die in the West at Rotten Tomatoes
A Million Ways to Die in the West at Metacritic
[show]
v
t
e
Seth MacFarlane
Filmography
Awards
Series created
Family Guy
American Dad!
The Cleveland Show
The Orville
Films directed
Ted
A Million Ways to Die in the West
Ted 2
Studio albums
Music Is Better Than Words
Holiday for Swing
No One Ever Tells You
In Full Swing
Novels
A Million Ways to Die in the West
Characters
Peter Griffin
Brian Griffin
Stewie Griffin
Glenn Quagmire
Stan Smith
Roger
See also
Fuzzy Door Productions
The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve
Rachael MacFarlane
"Everybody Needs a Best Friend"
Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy
Night of the Hurricane
[show]
v
t
e
Fuzzy Door Productions
Seth MacFarlane
Television
series
Animated
Family Guy (1999–2003; since 2005)
American Dad! (since 2005)
The Cleveland Show (2009–13)
Bordertown (2016)
Live-action
The Winner (2007)
Dads (2013–14)
Blunt Talk (2015–16)
The Orville (since 2017)
Documentary
Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey (2014)
Films
Straight-to-DVD
Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story (2005)
Theatrical
Ted (2012)
A Million Ways to Die in the West (2014)
Ted 2 (2015)
Web series
Seth MacFarlane's Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy (2008–09)
Studio albums
No One Ever Tells You (2015)
In Full Swing (2017)
Night of the Hurricane
[show]
v
t
e
Films produced by Scott Stuber
The Break-Up (2006)
You, Me and Dupree (2006)
The Kingdom (2007)
Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins (2008)
Role Models (2008)
Love Happens (2009)
Couples Retreat (2009)
The Wolfman (2010)
Repo Men (2010)
Love & Other Drugs (2010)
Your Highness (2011)
Safe House (2012)
Battleship (2012)
Ted (2012)
Admission (2013)
47 Ronin (2013)
A Million Ways to Die in the West (2014)
Ted 2 (2015)
Free State of Jones (2016)
Central Intelligence (2016)
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This page was last edited on 27 February 2018, at 14:05.
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values: مليون طريقة للموت في الغرب – Arabic

values: Който оцелее, ще разказва – Bulgarian

values: A Million Ways to Die in the West – German

values: A Million Ways to Die in the West – Spanish

values: یک میلیون راه برای مردن در غرب – Persian

values: 밀리언 웨이즈 – Korean

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values: A Million Ways to Die in the West – Indonesian

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