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I Only Want to Be with You
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Not to be confused with Only Wanna Be with You.
"I Only Want to Be with You"
Single by Dusty Springfield
from the album Stay Awhile/I Only Want to Be with You
B-side
"Once Upon a Time"
Released
8 November 1963
Format
7"
Recorded
1963, Olympic Studios, London
Genre
Pop
Length
2:37
Label
Philips
Songwriter(s)
Mike Hawker and Ivor Raymonde
Producer(s)
Johnny Franz
Dusty Springfield singles chronology
"I Only Want to Be with You"
(1963) "Stay Awhile"
(1964)
"I Only Want To Be With You"
(1963) "Stay Awhile"
(1964)
"I Only Want to Be with You" is a rock and roll song written by Mike Hawker[1] and Ivor Raymonde. The debut solo single released by British singer Dusty Springfield under her long-time producer Johnny Franz, "I Only Want to Be with You" peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles chart in January 1964. Three remakes of the song have been UK chart hits, the first two by the Bay City Rollers (1976) and the Tourists (1979) matching the number 4 peak of the Dusty Springfield original, while the 1989 remake by Samantha Fox peaked at number 16. In the US on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, "I Only Want to Be with You" has been a Top 40 hit three times, with both the Dusty Springfield original and the Bay City Rollers' remake peaking at number 12 while the Samantha Fox remake peaked at number 31. "I Only Want to Be with You" has also been recorded by a wide range of artists, several of whom sing the song with lyrics translated from the original English.
Contents
[hide]
1 Dusty Springfield version
1.1 Background
1.2 Chart performance
1.3 Weekly charts
2 Bay City Rollers version
2.1 Background
2.2 Chart performance
2.2.1 Weekly charts
2.2.2 Year-end charts
3 The Tourists version
3.1 Background
3.2 Chart performance
4 Samantha Fox version
4.1 Chart performance
4.2 Track listings
5 Luis Miguel version
5.1 Background
5.2 Music videos
5.3 Chart performance
6 Other versions
7 Uses on television
8 References
9 External links
Dusty Springfield version[edit]
Background[edit]
According to Jean Ryder, the ex-wife of songwriter Mike Hawker, "I Only Want to Be With You" was written soon after she and Hawker married on 1 December 1961, being inspired by Hawker's intense romantic feelings for his new bride. Ryder, who would later be a member of the Breakaways, had been a member of a vocal chorale, the Vernons Girls. Reportedly, she and Hawker had intended that she herself would record "I Only Want to Be With You". However, no formal arrangement for this eventuality had apparently been made by the autumn of 1963, when Hawker received a phone call from Philips A&R director Johnny Franz. Ryder paraphrases Franz as saying "Look we need something which is going to put this girl into the charts, because everybody is knocking her, everybody is saying she'll never make it [solo] - have you got a song that's a guaranteed hit?" Springfield had already recorded nine solo tracks, none of which was deemed the right vehicle to launch her solo career. With Ryder's permission, Hawker submitted "I Only Want to Be With You" to Franz, having made a demo featuring Ryder singing while keeping the beat by tapping on a biscuit tin lid. Franz, and then Springfield, approved the song, which Springfield recorded in a 25 October 1963 session at Olympic Studios, arranged and conducted by Ivor Raymonde, and recorded by engineer Keith Grant. Jean Ryder was included in the vocal chorale on the session. For unknown reasons, a version with (Dusty's) unadulterated vocals was rejected.[2][3][4]
Released in November 1963, three weeks after the Springfields' final concert, "I Only Want to Be With You" was a global success, reaching number 4 UK, number 12 US, number 6 Australia, and number 21 Canada. In the US, Dusty Springfield was the second artist of the British Invasion, after the Beatles, to have a hit, entering the Billboard chart at number 77 in the last week of January 1964 (the Beatles having "She Loves You" at number 69 and "I Want to Hold Your Hand" at number 3).
Raymonde's arrangement is unmistakable, with its relentless "ticker-ticker" beat and cascading drum rolls, full-on choirs and "Tower of Power" horn section pitched against soaring rock strings. It set the production standard for Springfield's later hits, such as "Stay Awhile" and "Little by Little". Springfield also recorded the song with an almost identical arrangement in German, with the title "Auf dich nur wart' ich immerzu".
The song was performed by Springfield on the first-ever edition of the BBC's Top of the Pops, on 1 January 1964.
The song was re-released in 1988, coinciding with its use in a soft-drink commercial, as a 7" & 12" single (see cover in infobox). It peaked at number 83 in the UK.
It also was featured as the theme song for the comedy series Arliss, which ran on HBO from 1996 to 2002.
In 2018, the song was used as the outro for the "Woman's Work" episode of The Handmaid's Tale, as sung by Madeline Brewer in character as "Janine."
Chart performance[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1964)
Peak
position
Australian ARIA Charts 6
Canadian Singles Chart 21
Ireland (IRMA)[5] 7
UK Singles Chart 4
US Billboard Hot 100 12
US Cash Box Top 100 14
Bay City Rollers version[edit]
"I Only Want to Be with You"
Single by Bay City Rollers
from the album Dedication
B-side
"Write a Letter" (North America)
"Rock N' Roller" (Europe/International)
Released
August 29, 1976 (US)[6]
3 September 1976 (UK)
Format
Vinyl, 12", 7"
Recorded
June 1976
Soundstage Studio, Toronto
Genre
Pop rock, power pop
Length
3:27
Label
Arista (North America)
Bell (Europe/International)
Songwriter(s)
Mike Hawker, Ivor Raymonde
Producer(s)
Jimmy Ienner
Bay City Rollers singles US singles chronology
"Rock and Roll Love Letter"
(1976) "I Only Want to Be with You"
(1976) "Yesterday's Hero"
(1976)
"Rock and Roll Love Letter"
(1976) "I Only Want to Be with You"
(1976) "Yesterday's Hero"
(1976)
Background[edit]
The Bay City Rollers recorded "I Only Want to Be with You" for their 1976 album Dedication in June and July 1976 at Soundstage Studio in Toronto with producer Jimmy Ienner. Dedication was the first Bay City Rollers recorded under the auspices of Arista Records, and it was Arista president Clive Davis who suggested that the group remake "I Only Want to Be with You." Jimmy Ienner was chosen by Davis to produce the Bay City Rollers on the basis of Ienner's work with the Raspberries.
In the US "I Only Want to Be with You" was issued as advance single from Dedication in August 1976: that October the track reached a Billboard Hot 100 peak of number 12, besting the number 28 peak of the precedent Bay City Rollers' single "Rock and Roll Love Letter" while failing to match the Top Ten success the group had enjoyed in 1975-1976 with "Saturday Night" and in 1976 with "Money Honey". "I Only Want to Be with You" appeared to wrap up the group's burst of North American stardom as their next three US single releases were Top 40 shortfalls: however the group's fourth US single release subsequent to "I Only Want to Be With You": "You Made Me Believe in Magic", did afford the group a final Top Ten hit.
Issued in the UK as a non-album single on 3 September 1976, "I Only Wanna Be with You" - so entitled - reached number 4 UK, affording the Bay City Rollers' a tenth and final Top Ten hit.
It's noteworthy that the US and UK chart peaks of the Bay City Rollers' 1976 remake of "I Only Want to Be with You" exactly match the US and UK chart peaks achieved in 1964 by the Dusty Springfield original. However the Springfield original version had had a significantly stronger UK chart run holding at number 4 for 4 weeks - as opposed to the Bay City Rollers remake's one week chart peak - with the original's Top 50 tenure of 18 weeks being twice as long as the remake's. Conversely in the US the Bay City Rollers' remake had a Billboard Hot 100 tenure of 15 weeks while the Springfield original had maintained a Hot 100 presence for 10 weeks in total.[7] (Comparisons between the chart impact of singles issued in distinct time periods should be considered imprecise, the methodology behind both the UK and US chart rankings having been frequently revised.)
Chart performance[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1976)
Peak
position
Australia[8] 8
Austrian Singles Chart 17
Belgian Singles Chart (Flanders) 14
Canadian Singles Chart 3
Dutch Singles Chart 9
German Singles Chart 9
Irish Singles Chart[9] 2
Italian Singles Chart[10] 5
New Zealand Singles Chart[11] 12
UK Singles Chart 4
US Billboard Hot 100 12
US Billboard Adult Contemporary[12] 27
US Cash Box Top 100[13] 8
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1976)
Rank
Australia[14] 58
Canada[15] 82
Netherlands [16] 80
New Zealand[17] 49
UK[18] 49
The Tourists version[edit]
"I Only Wanna Be with You"
Single by The Tourists
from the album Reality Effect
Released
November 1979
Genre
Pop
Label
Logo
Songwriter(s)
Mike Hawker, Ivor Raymonde
Tourists singles chronology
"The Lonliest Man in the World"
(1979) "I Only Wanna Be with You"
(1979) "So Good to Be Back Home Again"
(1980)
"The Lonliest Man in the World"
(1979) "I Only Wanna Be with You"
(1979) "So Good to Be Back Home Again"
(1980)
Background[edit]
In 1979, the song was also covered by The Tourists, a band which included Annie Lennox on vocals. This was the band's biggest hit. The song was used on a montage of stars when Thames Television went off the air in 1992.
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (1979–80)
Peak
position
Australian Singles Chart[19] 6
Canadian Singles Chart 50
Irish Singles Chart[20] 13
UK Singles Chart[21] 4
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[22] 83
Samantha Fox version[edit]
"I Only Wanna Be with You"
Single by Samantha Fox
from the album I Wanna Have Some Fun
B-side
"Confession"
Released
January 1989
Format
Vinyl, 12", 7"; CD
Recorded
PWL, The Borough, London
Genre
Pop[23]
Length
2:45
Label
Jive
Songwriter(s)
Mike Hawker and Ivor Raymonde
Producer(s)
Stock Aitken Waterman
Samantha Fox singles chronology
"I Wanna Have Some Fun"
(1988) "I Only Wanna Be with You"
(1989) "(Hurt Me, Hurt Me) But the Pants Stay On"
(1991)
"I Wanna Have Some Fun"
(1988) "I Only Wanna Be with You"
(1989) "(Hurt Me, Hurt Me) But the Pants Stay On"
(1991)
Music video
"I Only Want to Be with You" on YouTube
In 1988, Samantha Fox covered the song as "I Only Wanna Be with You" for her album I Wanna Have Some Fun. It was released as the second single in the United States and Europe from her third studio album I Wanna Have Some Fun (1988). The song was another hit for Fox, reaching number 16 in the United Kingdom and number 31 in the United States. The music video includes scenes of Fox hunting through trash cans, dancing, fireworks, and the singer in bed with her bespectacled lover.[24]
Television shows Fox performed the song on include Top of the Pops in 1989 and Viva el espectáculo on TVE1 in 1990.[25][26]
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (1989)
Peak
position
Australian ARIA Charts[27] 19
Austrian Singles Chart 19
Belgian (Flanders) Singles Chart 1
Dutch Singles Chart 13
French Singles Chart 9
German Singles Chart 25
Irish Singles Chart 9
New Zealand Singles Chart 28
Swiss Singles Chart 24
UK Singles Chart 16
U.S. Billboard Hot 100 31
Canadian Singles Chart 12
Track listings[edit]
UK 7" Vinyl(FOXY X11) Jive[28]
"I Only Wanna Be With You" 2:45
"Confession" 4:40
US Maxi Single(1195-2-JDJ) Jive[29]
"I Only Wanna Be with You (Single Edit)" 2:45
"I Only Wanna Be with You (Special Single Edit)" 3:19
"I Only Wanna Be with You (Extended Mix)" 4:56
UK 12" Vinyl(FOXY T 11) Jive[30]
"I Only Wanna Be with You (Extended Mix)" 4:56
"I Only Wanna Be with You (Acapella Mix)" 3:17
"I Only Wanna Acid with You (Mix 1)" 6:20
"Confession" 4:40
Luis Miguel version[edit]
"Ahora Te Puedes Marchar"
Single by Luis Miguel
from the album Soy Como Quiero Ser
B-side
"Sunny"
Released
1987 (1987)
Format
Airplay · Promo single
Recorded
1986-1987
Record One
(Sherman Oaks, California)
Metropolis Studios
George Tobin Studios
Sunset Sound Studios
(Hollywood, California)
Genre
Latin
Length
3:15
Label
WEA Latina
Songwriter(s)
Mike Hawker · Ivor Raymonde · Luis Gómez Escolar
Producer(s)
Juan Carlos Calderón
Luis Miguel singles chronology
"Todo El Amor del Mundo"
(1986) "Ahora Te Puedes Marchar"
(1987) "No Me Puedo Escapar de Tí"
(1987)
"Todo El Amor del Mundo"
(1986) "Ahora Te Puedes Marchar"
(1987) "No Me Puedo Escapar de Tí"
(1987)
Background[edit]
Mexican singer Luis Miguel recorded a cover version of the song, titled "Ahora Te Puedes Marchar" ("Now You Can Leave") which was released as the first single from his Grammy-nominated album Soy Como Quiero Ser (1987), the first album recorded by the singer under the WEA record label. It was produced by Juan Carlos Calderón and adapted by Luis Gomez Escolar.[31] This single became very successful, peaking at number-one in the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart for three non-consecutive weeks in 1987, being the first chart topper for the singer on the chart.[32] At the time, Luis Miguel was the youngest to score a number-one hit on the Hot Latin Tracks at the age of 17, ironically replacing veteran Julio Iglesias at the summit. In 2005, Luis Miguel included this song on his compilation album Grandes Éxitos.[33] This version ranked at number 28 in the Hot Latin Tracks Year-End Chart of 1988.
thumb
Music videos[edit]
Two music videos were shot. The first one was shot with Angélica Rivera, while the second one was shot dancing in a bridge. The second one was included in Grandes Exitos Videos.
Chart performance[edit]
Chart (1987)
Peak
position
US Billboard Hot Latin Tracks 1
Preceded by
"Lo Mejor de Tu Vida" by Julio Iglesias U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Tracks number-one single
(Luis Miguel version) (first run)
August 22, 1987 Succeeded by
"Lo Mejor de Tu Vida" by Julio Iglesias
Preceded by
"Lo Mejor de Tu Vida" by Julio Iglesias U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Tracks number-one single
(Luis Miguel version) (second run)
September 12, 1987 Succeeded by
"La Bamba" by Los Lobos
Preceded by
"La Bamba" by Los Lobos U.S. Billboard Hot Latin Tracks number-one single
(Luis Miguel version) (third run)
November 7, 1987 Succeeded by
"Qué No Se Rompa la Noche" by Julio Iglesias
Other versions[edit]
1964 Les Surfs as "A Présent Tu Peux t'en Aller'" French also recorded
by Richard Anthony
Les Surfs as "E adesso te ne puoi andar" #2 (Italy)
Lill-Babs as "Jag Vill Vara Nära Dig" Swedish
Donna Lynn on her eponymous album Capitol LP 2085
Lita Torelló (es) as "Ahora Te Puedes Marchar" Spanish also recorded by
Silvana Velasco (es)
1965 Enrique Guzman on his album Éxitos internacionalesas "Solo quiero estar
contigo" Spanish also recorded by Juan Ramón (es) on his album Más corazón que nunca
1966 Les Surfs as "Ahora Te Puedes Marchar" Spanish
1967 Helena Vondráčková as "Chytila jsem na pasece motýlka" Czech
1969 Elin as "Det har jeg altid ønsket mig" Danish
Agneta Zelán as "Jag Ville Vara Nära Dig" Swedish
1975 Chelsia Chan on her debut album Dark Side Of Your Mind
Rauli 'Badding' Somerjoki on his album Sydän lämpöä täys as
"Jykevää on rakkaus" Finnish
1976 Howard Carpendale as "Ab Heute Weht Ein Neuer Wind" (German)
James Fung as "天賜良緣" Cantonese
1982 Barbara Dickson on her album Here We Go...Barbara Dickson Live on Tour
in medley with "Dancing in the Street"/ "He's a Rebel"/ "You Keep Me Hangin' On"
Nicolette Larson #53 U.S., (A/C#15)
parent album All Dressed Up & No Place to Go
1983 The Flirts on their album Flirts
Tony Hatch & His Orchestra on his album Quiet Nights
1986 Southside Johnny & The Jukes on their album At Least We Got Shoes
Thea Paluoja & Proov 583 as "Sinu juures" Estonian
1989 Danny Chan on his album Yat sang ho kau
as "流浪者/ lau long tze" Cantonese
1991 Maywood on their Walking Back to Happiness album
1992 Paula Koivuniemi on her album Se kesäni mun as "Haluun
olla luonas sun" Finnish
Wenche Myhre as "Hvis Bare Jeg Får Bli Hos Deg" Norwegian
1993 Beatriz Rico (es) on her album Baila Sin Parar as "Ahora Te Puedes
Marchar" Spanish
1997 Ash covered the song for a promotional tour[34]
1998 * Twiggy & Twiggy on the soundtrack of Dead Man on Campus
Annette Klingenberg on her album Weep No More
1999 Argema (cs) on their album Milion Snů as "Žába"Czech
Elton John performed the song in concert at the Peoria (IL) Civic Center Arena after learning of Dusty Springfield's death on March 2, 1999. John introduced the song saying "Dusty, wherever you are, this one's for you, my love, with all my love."
Ville Valo with the Agents on the Agents' album Laulava Sydän as "Jykevää on rakkaus" Finnish
2001 Me First and the Gimme Gimmes on their album Blow in the Wind
2002 Vonda Shepard on her album Songs from Ally McBeal
2003 Maleewan Jemina (th) on her 2003 album Me & Moment in Time
2004 Tommy February6 on her single L・O・V・E・L・Y ～夢見るLOVELY BOY～
2005 Taiwanese female group 7 Flowers on their eponymous album
Volbeat on their 2005 debut album The Strength / The Sound / The Songs
Susan Wong on her album These Foolish Things
2007 Tina Arena on her album Songs of Love & Loss
The Shakers (Uruguayan band) as "Solo quiero estar contigo" Spanish:
bonus track on re-issue of band's 1965 album Los Shakers
2008 Shelby Lynne on her Dusty Springfield tribute album Just a Little Lovin'
2009 Jessica Andersson as "I Only Wanna Be With You" on her album Wake Up
Barbee (hu) as "Ámor nyila" Hungarian
2011 Amy Macdonald: recorded 2008 for canceled multi-artist Dusty Springfield
tribute album: track first released on album Reworked, a multi-artist fundraiser for Save the Children featuring songs used in John Lewis ad campaigns
2013 Lodovica Comello (it/es) as "I Only Want To Be With You" on her album
Universo
Uses on television[edit]
Was used in the opening for the TV series Arli$$
The Tourists' version of the song was played along with TV clips on final week of broadcasting of Thames Television in December 1992 before Carlton Television took over
The song was used in the British soap opera EastEnders when the character Sam Mitchell dug up the body of Den Watts
The song was used by TVNZ to promote TV2 changing the words to "I only want to be with 2!"
The song was also used as soundtrack in Greek Comedy TV series "Tilempora" (TV Storm) on Mega Channel in 2004.
The song was used by CBC Television to promote its programming between 1989 and 1991, while the network's slogan was "CBC and you".[35]
The song featured in a John Lewis television ad highlighting how the company had been selling electronic equipment for a substantial number of years.
The song was used in a swimwear advert for Boux Avenue in 2014. The ad featured Jamelia, who also sang the song, with the chorus changed to "I only want to be with Boux".
A television ad campaign for Dogs Trust which launched in February 2016 features Hope Russell-Winter singing "I Only Want to Be With You".
The song was also featured in an episode of "that 70's show" when Fez and Donna were having scenes where they pretended to be dating.
Me First And The Gimme Gimmes' version of the song was used in an episode of Shameless (USA)
Janine sings the song to her baby in the hospital in season 2, episode 8 of The Handmaid's Tale.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Mike Hawker - obituary". Telegraph. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ Bartlett, Karen (2015). Dusty: an intimate portrait of a musical legend. London: The Robson Press. ISBN 9781849548762.
Jump up ^ Howes, Paul (2007). The Complete Dusty Springfield. London: Titan Books. ISBN 978-0857681409.
Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – I Only Want to Be with You". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ [Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955-2002]
Jump up ^ Whitman, Joel (2003). Top Pop Singles 1955-2002. Record Research. p. 294. ISBN 9780898201550.
Jump up ^ David Kent's "Australian Chart Book 1970-1992" Archived March 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts - All there is to know". Irishcharts.ie. 1962-10-01. Archived from the original on 2010-02-01. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ "Hit Parade Italia - Indice per Interprete: B". Hitparadeitalia.it. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ NZ Top 40 Singles, December 17, 1976
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (1993). Top Adult Contemporary: 1961–1993. Record Research. p. 24.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
Jump up ^ Steffen Hung. "Forum - 1970 (ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts)". Australian-charts.com. Archived from the original on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ "RPM - Library and Archives Canada | RPM - Bibliothèque et Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ [Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1976 Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1976]
Jump up ^ "Top Selling Singles of 1976 | The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Nztop40.co.nz. 1963-12-08. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ "Top 50 Singles of 1976". Music Week. London, England: Spotlight Publications: 25. 25 December 1976.
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 311. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – All there is to know > Search results for 'Tourists'". Fireball Media. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
Jump up ^ "Official Charts > Tourists". The Official UK Charts Company. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
Jump up ^ "Billboard > Artists / The Tourists > Chart History > The Hot 100". Billboard. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
Jump up ^ I Only Want to Be with You at AllMusic
Jump up ^ Video on YouTube[dead link]
Jump up ^ "Viva el espectáculo" Episode #1.15 (TV episode 1990) - IMDb
Jump up ^ "Samantha Fox - I Only Wanna Be With You (TOTP '89)". YouTube. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
Jump up ^ David Kent's "Australian Chart Book 1970-1992" Archived March 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Samantha Fox - I Only Wanna Be With You (Vinyl) at Discogs". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
Jump up ^ "Samantha Fox - I Only Wanna Be With You (CD) at Discogs". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
Jump up ^ "Samantha Fox - I Only Wanna Be With You (Vinyl) at Discogs". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
Jump up ^ "Soy Como Quiero Ser". Allmusic. Macromedia Corporation. Retrieved 2009-04-30.
Jump up ^ "Luis Miguel - Charts & Awards". Allmusic. Macromedia Corporation. Retrieved 2009-04-30.
Jump up ^ "Grandes Éxitos - Luis Miguel". Allmusic. Macromedia Corporation. Retrieved 2009-04-30.
Jump up ^ "Ash 7" info". Eil.com. 2004-11-18. Retrieved 2012-10-01.
Jump up ^ "CBC & You 1990". YouTube. Retrieved 2016-09-27.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
show
v
t
e
Samantha Fox
Discography
Studio albums
Touch Me
Samantha Fox
I Wanna Have Some Fun
Just One Night
21st Century Fox
Angel with an Attitude
Compilation albums
Greatest Hits (1992)
Watching You, Watching Me
Greatest Hits (2009)
Remix albums
Watching You, Watching Me
Singles
"Touch Me (I Want Your Body)"
"Do Ya Do Ya (Wanna Please Me)"
"Hold On Tight"
"Nothing's Gonna Stop Me Now"
"I Surrender (To the Spirit of the Night)"
"I Promise You (Get Ready)"
"True Devotion"
"Naughty Girls (Need Love Too)"
"Love House"
"I Only Wanna Be with You"
"I Wanna Have Some Fun"
"(Hurt Me, Hurt Me) But the Pants Stay On"
"Santa Maria"
"Perhaps"
"Tomorrow (Is Another Day)"
"Call Me"
show
v
t
e
Luis Miguel singles
Soy Como Quiero Ser
"Ahora Te Puedes Marchar"
"Cuando Calienta El Sol"
"Yo Que No Vivo Sin Ti"
Busca Una Mujer
"La Incondicional"
"Fría Como el Viento"
20 Años
"Tengo Todo Excepto a Ti"
"Entrégate"
"Será Que No Me Amas"
Romance
"Inolvidable"
"No Sé Tú"
"Contigo en la Distancia"
América & En Vivo
"América, América"
Aries
"Hasta Que Me Olvides"
"Suave"
Segundo Romance
"El Día Que Me Quieras"
"La Media Vuelta"
Nada Es Igual...
"Dame"
"Cómo Es Posible Que a Mi Lado"
Romances
"Por Debajo de la Mesa"
"Sabor a Mí"
"Bésame Mucho"
Amarte Es un Placer
"Sol, Arena y Mar"
"O Tú o Ninguna"
"Dormir Contigo"
"Amarte Es un Placer"
Mis Romances
"Amor, Amor, Amor"
Navidades
"Santa Claus Llegó a La Ciudad"
"Mi Humilde Oración"
Cómplices
"Si Tú Te Atreves"
"Te Desean"
Luis Miguel
"Labios de Miel"
As featured artist
"Me Gustas Tal Como Eres"
Other songs
"Sueña"
Dèja Vu
show
v
t
e
The Tourists
Peet Coombes
David A. Stewart
Annie Lennox
Eddie Chin
Jim Toomey
Studio albums
The Tourists (1979)
Reality Effect (1979)
Luminous Basement (1980)
Songs
"I Only Want to Be with You"
show
v
t
e
Nicolette Larson
Studio albums
Nicolette (1978)
In the Nick of Time (1979)
Shadows of Love (1988)
Singles
"Lotta Love"
"I Only Want to Be with You"
"Building Bridges"
"That's How You Know When Love's Right"
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Intel 8255
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Intel D8255
Pinout of i8255
The Intel 8255 (or i8255) Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI) chip was developed and manufactured by Intel in the first half of the 1970s for the Intel 8080 microprocessor. The 8255 provides 24 parallel input/output lines with a variety of programmable operating modes.
The 8255 is a member of the MCS-85 Family of chips, designed by Intel for use with their 8085 and 8086 microprocessors and their descendants[1]. It was first available in a 40-pin DIP and later a 44-pin PLCC packages.[2] It found wide applicability in digital processing systems and was later cloned by other manufacturers. The 82C55 is a CMOS version for higher speed and lower current consumption.
The functionality of the 8255 is now mostly embedded in larger VLSI processing chips as a sub-function. The 8255 is still made but mostly used to expand the I/O of microcontrollers.
Contents
[hide]
1 Similar chips
2 Application
3 Function
4 Operational modes of 8255
5 Bit Set/Reset (BSR) mode
6 Input/Output mode
6.1 Control Word format
6.2 Mode 0 - simple I/O
6.2.1 Mode 0 – input mode
6.2.2 Mode 0 - output mode
6.3 Mode 1 - Strobed Input/output mode
6.4 Mode 2 - Strobed Bidirectional Input/Output mode
7 References
8 External links
Similar chips[edit]
The 8255 has a similar function to the MOS Technology 6522 (Versatile Interface Adapter) and the 6526 MOS Technology CIA (Complex Interface Adapter), both developed for the 6502 family.
All of these chips were originally available in a 40-pin DIL package. The 8255 provides 24 usable I/O pins whereas the MOS chips only provide 16 I/O pins plus 4 control pins. However, the MOS chips contain more functions, such as two programmable reload timers and a simple I/O shift register function. Furthermore, the MOS devices allow the direction (input or output) of all their I/O pins to be individually programmed. The 8255 I/O pins have only four programmable direction bits: one for all of Port A(7:0), one for Port B(7:0), one for Port C(3:0) and one for Port C(7:4).
Other comparable microprocessor I/O chips are the 2655 Programmable Peripheral Interface from the Signetics 2650 family, the Motorola 6820 PIA (Peripheral Interface Adapter) from the Motorola 6800 family and the Western Design Center WDC 65C21.
Application[edit]
The 8255 was widely used in many microcomputer/microcontroller systems and home computers such as the SV-328 and all MSX models. The 8255 was used in the original IBM-PC,[3] PC/XT, PC/jr and clones, along with numerous homebuilt computers such as the N8VEM.
Function[edit]
The 8255 gives a CPU or digital system access to programmable parallel I/O.[4] The 8255 has 24 input/output pins.[5] These are divided into three 8-bit ports (A, B, C).[6] Port A and port B can be used as 8-bit input/output ports. Port C can be used as an 8-bit input/output port or as two 4-bit input/output ports or to produce handshake signals for ports A and B.
The three ports are further grouped as follows:
Group A consisting of port A and upper part of port C.
Group B consisting of port B and lower part of port C.
Eight data lines (D0–D7) are available (with an 8-bit data buffer) to read/write data into the ports or control register under the status of the ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} RD (pin 5) and ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} WR (pin 36), which are active-low signals for read and write operations respectively. Address lines A1 and A0 allow to access a data register for each port or a control register, as listed below:
A1
A0
Port selected
0 0 port A
0 1 port B
1 0 port C
1 1 control register
The control signal chip select ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} CS (pin 6) is used to enable the 8255 chip. It is an active-low signal, i.e., when ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} CS = 0, the 8255 is enabled. The RESET input (pin 35) is connected to the RESET line of system like 8085, 8086, etc., so that when the system is reset, all the ports are initialized as input lines. This is done to prevent 8255 and/or any peripheral connected to it from being destroyed due to mismatch of ports. As an example, consider an input device connected to 8255 at port A. If from the previous operation, port A is initialized as an output port and if 8255 is not reset before using the current configuration, then there is a possibility of damage of either the input device connected or 8255 or both, since both 8255 and the device connected will be sending out data.
The control register (or the control logic, or the command word register) is an 8-bit register used to select the modes of operation and input/output designation of the ports.[7]
Operational modes of 8255[edit]
There are two basic operational modes of 8255:
Bit Set/Reset mode (BSR mode).
Input/Output mode (I/O mode).
The two modes are selected on the basis of the value present at the D7 bit of the control word register. When D7 = 1, 8255 operates in I/O mode, and when D7 = 0, it operates in the BSR mode.
Bit Set/Reset (BSR) mode[edit]
The Bit Set/Reset (BSR) mode is available on port C only. Each line of port C (PC7 - PC0) can be set or reset by writing a suitable value to the control word register. BSR mode and I/O mode are independent and selection of BSR mode does not affect the operation of other ports in I/O mode.[8]
8255 BSR mode
D7 bit is always 0 for BSR mode.
Bits D6, D5 and D4 are don't care bits.
Bits D3, D2 and D1 are used to select the pin of Port C.
Bit D0 is used to set/reset the selected pin of Port C.
Selection of port C pin is determined as follows:
D3
D2
D1
Bit/pin of port C selected
0 0 0 PC0
0 0 1 PC1
0 1 0 PC2
0 1 1 PC3
1 0 0 PC4
1 0 1 PC5
1 1 0 PC6
1 1 1 PC7
As an example, if it is needed that PC5 be set, then in the control word,
Since it is BSR mode, D7 = '0'.
Since D4, D5, D6 are not used, assume them to be '0'.
PC5 has to be selected, hence, D3 = '1', D2 = '0', D1 = '1'.
PC5 has to be set, hence, D0 = '1'.
Thus, as per the above values, 0B (Hex) will be loaded into the Control Word Register (CWR).
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
Input/Output mode[edit]
This mode is selected when D7 bit of the Control Word Register is 1. There are three I/O modes:[9]
Mode 0 - Simple I/O
Mode 1 - Strobed I/O
Mode 2 - Strobed Bi-directional I/O
Control Word format[edit]
I/O Control Word Format
D0, D1, D3, D4 are assigned for port C lower, port B, port C upper and port A respectively. When these bits are 1, the corresponding port acts as an input port. For e.g., if D0 = D4 = 1, then lower port C and port A act as input ports. If these bits are 0, then the corresponding port acts as an output port. For e.g., if D1 = D3 = 0, then port B and upper port C act as output ports.
D2 is used for mode selection of Group B (port B and lower port C). When D2 = 0, mode 0 is selected and when D2 = 1, mode 1 is selected.
D5 & D6 are used for mode selection of Group A ( port A and upper port C). The selection is done as follows:
D6
D5
Mode
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 X 2
As it is I/O mode, D7 = 1.
For example, if port B and upper port C have to be initialized as input ports and lower port C and port A as output ports (all in mode 0):
Since it is an I/O mode, D7 = 1.
Mode selection bits, D2, D5, D6 are all 0 for mode 0 operation.
Port B and upper port C should operate as Input ports, hence, D1 = D3 = 1.
Port A and lower port C should operate as Output ports, hence, D4 = D0 = 0.
Hence, for the desired operation, the control word register will have to be loaded with "10001010" = 8A (hex).
Mode 0 - simple I/O[edit]
In this mode, the ports can be used for simple I/O operations without handshaking signals. Port A, port B provide simple I/O operation. The two halves of port C can be either used together as an additional 8-bit port, or they can be used as individual 4-bit ports. Since the two halves of port C are independent, they may be used such that one-half is initialized as an input port while the other half is initialized as an output port.
The input/output features in mode 0 are as follows:
Output ports are latched.
Input ports are buffered, not latched.
Ports do not have handshake or interrupt capability.
With 4 ports, 16 different combinations of I/O are possible.
'Latched' means the bits are put into a storage register (array of flip-flops) which holds its output constant even if the inputs change after being latched.
The 8255's outputs are latched to hold the last data written to them. This is required because the data only stays on the bus for one cycle. So, without latching, the outputs would become invalid as soon as the write cycle finishes.
The inputs are not latched because the CPU only has to read their current values, then store the data in a CPU register or memory if it needs to be referenced at a later time. If an input changes while the port is being read then the result may be indeterminate.
Mode 0 – input mode[edit]
In the input mode, the 8255 gets data from the external peripheral ports and the CPU reads the received data via its data bus.
The CPU first selects the 8255 chip by making ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} CS low. Then it selects the desired port using A0 and A1 lines.
The CPU then issues an ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} RD signal to read the data from the external peripheral device via the system data bus.
Mode 0 - output mode[edit]
In the output mode, the CPU sends data to 8255 via system data bus and then the external peripheral ports receive this data via 8255 port.
CPU first selects the 8255 chip by making ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} CS low. It then selects the desired port using A0 and A1 lines.
CPU then issues a ¬ {\displaystyle {\neg }} WR signal to write data to the selected port via the system data bus. This data is then received by the external peripheral device connected to the selected port.
Mode 1 - Strobed Input/output mode[edit]
When we wish to use port A or port B for handshake (strobed) input or output operation, we initialise that port in mode 1 (port A and port B can be initilalised to operate in different modes, i.e., for e.g., port A can operate in mode 0 and port B in mode 1). Some of the pins of port C function as handshake lines.
For port B in this mode (irrespective of whether is acting as an input port or output port), PC0, PC1 and PC2 pins function as handshake lines.
If port A is initialised as mode 1 input port, then, PC3, PC4 and PC5 function as handshake signals. Pins PC6 and PC7 are available for use as input/output lines.
The mode 1 which supports handshaking has following features:
Two ports i.e. port A and B can be used as 8-bit i/o ports.
Each port uses three lines of port c as handshake signal and remaining two signals can be used as i/o ports.
Interrupt logic is supported.
Input and Output data are latched.
Input Handshaking signals
1. IBF (Input Buffer Full) - It is an output indicating that the input latch contains information.
2. STB (Strobed Input) - The strobe input loads data into the port latch, which holds the information until it is input to the microprocessor via the IN instruction.
3. INTR (Interrupt request) - It is an output that requests an interrupt. The INTR pin becomes a logic 1 when the STB input returns to a logic 1, and is cleared when the data are input from the port by the microprocessor.
4. INTE (Interrupt enable) - It is neither an input nor an output; it is an internal bit programmed via the port PC4(port A) or PC2(port B) bit position.
Output Handshaking signals
1. OBF (Output Buffer Full) - It is an output that goes low whenever data are output(OUT) to the port A or port B latch. This signal is set to a logic 1 whenever the ACK pulse returns from the external device.
2. ACK (Acknowledge)-It causes the OBF pin to return to a logic 1 level. The ACK signal is a response from an external device, indicating that it has received the data from the 82C55A port.
3. INTR (Interrupt request) - It is a signal that often interrupts the microprocessor when the external device receives the data via the signal. this pin is qualified by the internal INTE(interrupt enable) bit.
4. INTE (Interrupt enable) - It is neither an input nor an output; it is an internal bit programmed to enable or disable the INTR pin. The INTE A bit is programmed using the PC6 bit and INTE B is programmed using the PC2 bit.
Mode 2 - Strobed Bidirectional Input/Output mode[edit]
Only port A can be initialized in this mode. Port A can be used for bidirectional handshake data transfer. This means that data can be input or output on the same eight lines (PA0 - PA7). Pins PC3 - PC7 are used as handshake lines for port A. The remaining pins of port C (PC0 - PC2) can be used as input/output lines if group B is initialized in mode 0 or as handshaking for port B if group B is initialized in mode 1. In this mode, the 8255 may be used to extend the system bus to a slave microprocessor or to transfer data bytes to and from a floppy disk controller. Acknowledgement and handshaking signals are provided to maintain proper data flow and synchronisation between the data transmitter and receiver.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ R Theagarajan (1 January 2004). Microprocessor And Its Applications. New Age International. pp. 165–. ISBN 978-81-224-1040-2. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Embedded Systems Programming. Miller Freeman Publications. July 1996. p. 256. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Robert Jourdain (1986). Programmer's problem solver for the IBM PC, XT, & AT. Brady Communications Co. p. 3. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Electronics world. Reed Business Pub. 1996. p. 947. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "Intel 82c55 PPI Datasheet" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "PCI 8255A Datasheet" (PDF).
Jump up ^ Byte. McGraw-Hill. 1981. p. 40. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ U. S. Shah. "11". Microprocessor & Interfacing Techniques (second ed.). Techmax Publication. pp. 11–5. ISBN 978-81-8492-305-6.
Jump up ^ "i8255 introduction" (PDF).
External links[edit]
drew.hickmans.net, Complete Description about the Intel 8255 IC
ic-on-line.cn, Datasheet
sharpmz.org, functions overview
intel-assembler.it, Programming technical details and coding example
bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de, Intel 8080 Microcomputer Systems User's Manual (September 1975). Includes 8255 chip.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intel_8255&oldid=838856296"
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Geronimo Stilton
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the TV series of the same name, see Geronimo Stilton (TV series).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Tile of the muretto in Alassio
Geronimo Stilton is an Italian children's book series published by Edizioni Piemme of Milan, Italy, since 2000. Scholastic Corporation has published the English version of the series since February 2004. Although the series credits its title character as the author, the idea was originally thought of by Elisabetta Dami.[1] On older novels, the copyright is issued to a pseudonym "Geronimo Stilton"; this was changed on newer books. The books are intended for readers in the 6–12-year-old age range.
The series has sold over 130 million copies worldwide, becoming one of the best-selling book series ever written.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview
2 The books
2.1 Geronimo Stilton books
2.2 Special editions
2.3 Kingdom of Fantasy books
2.4 Journey Through Time books
2.5 Thea Stilton books
2.6 Thea Stilton special editions
2.7 Creepella von Cacklefur books
2.8 Cavemice books
2.9 Spacemice books
2.10 Micekings books
2.11 Thea Stilton: Mouseford Academy books
2.12 Geronimo Stilton Graphic Novels by PapercutZ
2.13 Thea Stilton Graphic Novels by PapercutZ
3 Characters in the Geronimo Stilton Graphic Novels
4 Other media
4.1 TV series
4.2 Theatre
4.3 Musical theatre
4.4 Comics/graphic novels
5 The Rodent's Gazette Online
6 References
7 External links
Overview[edit]
Geronimo Stilton at an autograph session
In the series, the title character is a talking mouse who lives in New Mouse City on Mouse Island. A best-selling author, Geronimo Stilton[3] works as a journalist and editor for the fictional newspaper The Rodent's Gazette.
He has a younger sister named Thea Stilton,[4] a cousin named Trap Stilton,[4] and a favorite little nephew, nine-year-old Benjamin Stilton.[4] Geronimo is a nervous, mild-mannered mouse who would like nothing better than to live a quiet life, but he keeps getting involved in far-away adventures with Thea, Trap, and Benjamin, and sometimes Aunt Sweetfur. The books are written as though they are autobiographical adventure stories.
The work of an Italian author under a pseudonym, the series has become the most popular children's book series in Italy[citation needed] and the books have been translated into 35 languages. [5]
Papercutz obtained the rights to publish English translations of the graphic novels of Geronimo Stilton. These retain some of the original names of the characters that were changed in the storybooks translated by Scholastic. For example, the English translations of the graphic novels by Papercutz continue to use the names "Patty Spring" and "Pandora", while the storybooks by Scholastic changed these names to Petunia Pretty Paws and Bugsy Wugsy, respectively.
The books[edit]
Geronimo Stilton books[edit]
This article lacks ISBNs for the books listed in it. Please make it easier to conduct research by listing ISBNs. If the {{Cite book}} or {{citation}} templates are in use, you may add ISBNs automatically, or discuss this issue on the talk page. (September 2017)
Lost Treasure of the Emerald Eye (February 2004)
The Curse of the Cheese Pyramid (February 2004)
Cat and Mouse in a Haunted House (February 2004)
I'm Too Fond of My Fur! (February 2004)
Four Mice Deep in the Jungle (March 2004)
Paws Off, Cheddarface! (April 2004)
Red Pizzas for a Blue Count (May 2004)
Attack of the Bandit Cats (June 2004)
A Fabumouse Vacation for Geronimo (July 2004)
All Because of a Cup of Coffee (August 2004)
It's Halloween, You 'Fraidy Mouse! (September 2004)
Merry Christmas, Geronimo! (October 2004)
The Phantom of the Subway (November 2004)
The Temple of the Ruby of Fire (December 2004)
The Mona Mousa Code (January 2005)
A Cheese-Colored Camper (February 2005)
Watch Your Whiskers, Stilton! (March 2005)
Shipwreck on the Pirate Islands (April 2005)
My Name is Stilton, Geronimo Stilton (May 2005)
Surf's Up, Geronimo! (June 2005)
The Wild, Wild West (July 2005)
The Secret of Cacklefur Castle (August 2005)
Valentine's Day Disaster (January 2006)
Field Trip to Niagara Falls (March 2006)
The Search for Sunken Treasure (June 2006)
The Mummy with No Name (August 2006)
The Christmas Toy Factory (October 2006)
Wedding Crasher (January 2007)
Down and Out Down Under (March 2007)
The Mouse Island Marathon (June 2007)
The Mysterious Cheese Thief (August 2007)
Valley of the Giant Skeletons (January 2008)
Geronimo and the Gold Medal Mystery (April 2008)
Geronimo Stilton, Secret Agent (July 2008)
A Very Merry Christmas (October 2008)
Geronimo's Valentine (January 2009)
The Race Across America (April 2009)
A Fabumouse School Adventure (July 2009)
Singing Sensation (October 2009)
The Karate Mouse (January 2010)
Mighty Mount Kilimanjaro (April 2010)
The Peculiar Pumpkin Thief (July 2010)
I'm Not a Supermouse! (October 2010)
The Giant Diamond Robbery (January 2011)
Save the White Whale! (April 2011)
The Haunted Castle (July 2011)
Run for the Hills, Geronimo! (October 2011)
The Mystery in Venice (January 2012)
The Way of the Samurai (April 2012)
This Hotel is Haunted! (July 2012)
The Enormouse Pearl Heist (October 2012)
Mouse in Space! (February 2013)
Rumble in the Jungle (April 2013)
Get Into Gear, Stilton! (July 2013)
The Golden Statue Plot (October 2013)
Flight of the Red Bandit (January 2014)
The Stinky Cheese Vacation (July 2014)
The Super Chef Contest (October 2014)
Welcome to Moldy Manor (January 2015)
The Treasure of Easter Island (July 2015)
Mouse House Hunter (October 2015)
Mouse Overboard! (January 2016)
The Cheese Experiment (July 2016)
Magical Mission (October 2016)
Bollywood Burglary (January 2017)
Operation: Secret Recipe (July 2017)
The Chocolate Chase (October 2017)
Cyber-Thief Showdown (January 2018)
Hug a Tree, Geronimo (July 2018)
Special editions[edit]
A Christmas Tale (October 2005)
Christmas Catastrophe (October 2007)
The Hunt for the Golden Book (April 2014)
The Hunt for the Curious Cheese (April 2015)
The Phoenix of Destiny: An Epic Kingdom of Fantasy Adventure (September 2015)
The Hunt for the Secret Papyrus (April 2016)
The Hunt for the Hundredth Key (April 2017)
The Dragon of Fortune: An Epic Kingdom of Fantasy Adventure (September 2017)
The Hunt for the Colosseum Ghost (March 2018)
Kingdom of Fantasy books[edit]
The Kingdom of Fantasy (October 2009)
The Quest for Paradise: The Return to the Kingdom of Fantasy (October 2010)
The Amazing Voyage: The Third Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (September 2011)
The Dragon Prophecy: The Fourth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (September 2012)
The Volcano of Fire: The Fifth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (September 2013)
The Search for Treasure: The Sixth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (September 2014)
The Enchanted Charms: The Seventh Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (June 2015)
The Hour of Magic: The Eighth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (June 2016)
The Wizard's Wand: The Ninth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (September 2016)
The Ship of Secrets: The Tenth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy (July 2017)
Journey Through Time books[edit]
The Journey Through Time (February 2014)
Back in Time: The Second Journey Through Time (February 2015)
The Race Against Time: The Third Journey Through Time (February 2016)
Lost in Time: The Fourth Journey Through Time (February 2017)
No Time to Lose: The Fifth Journey Through Time (February 2018)
Thea Stilton books[edit]
Thea Stilton and the Dragon's Code (April 2009)
Thea Stilton and the Mountain of Fire (September 2009)
Thea Stilton and the Ghost of the Shipwreck (March 2010)
Thea Stilton and the Secret City (June 2010)
Thea Stilton and the Mystery in Paris (November 2010)
Thea Stilton and the Cherry Blossom Adventure (March 2011)
Thea Stilton and the Star Castaways (June 2011)
Thea Stilton: Big Trouble in the Big Apple (September 2011)
Thea Stilton and the Ice Treasure (December 2011)
Thea Stilton and the Secret of the Old Castle (March 2012)
Thea Stilton and the Blue Scarab Hunt (June 2012)
Thea Stilton and the Prince's Emerald (September 2012)
Thea Stilton and the Mystery on the Orient Express (December 2012)
Thea Stilton and the Dancing Shadows (March 2013)
Thea Stilton and the Legend of the Fire Flowers (June 2013)
Thea Stilton and the Spanish Dance Mission (September 2013)
Thea Stilton and the Journey to the Lion's Den (December 2013)
Thea Stilton and the Great Tulip Heist (March 2014)
Thea Stilton and the Chocolate Sabotage (June 2014)
Thea Stilton and the Missing Myth (December 2014)
Thea Stilton and the Lost Letters (June 2015)
Thea Stilton and the Tropical Treasure (December 2015)
Thea Stilton and the Hollywood Hoax (June 2016)
Thea Stilton and the Madagascar Madness (December 2016)
Thea Stilton and the Frozen Fiasco (June 2017)
Thea Stilton and the Venice Masquerade (December 2017)
Thea Stilton and the Niagara Splash! (May 2018)
Thea Stilton special editions[edit]
The Journey to Atlantis (October 2012)
The Secret of the Fairies (October 2013)
The Secret of the Snow (October 2014)
The Cloud Castle (October 2015)
The Treasure of the Sea (October 2016)
The Land of Flowers (October 2017)
Creepella von Cacklefur books[edit]
The Thirteen Ghosts (August 2011)
Meet Me in Horrorwood (August 2011)
Ghost Pirate Treasure (February 2012)
Return of the Vampire (August 2012)
Fright Night (August 2013)
Ride for Your Life! (August 2014)
A Suitcase Full of Ghosts (August 2015)
The Phantom of the Theater (August 2016)
The Haunted Dinosaur (August 2017)
Cavemice books[edit]
The Stone of Fire (January 2013)
Watch Your Tail! (May 2013)
Help, I'm in Hot Lava! (November 2013)
The Fast and the Frozen (February 2014)
The Great Mouse Race (June 2014)
Don't Wake the Dinosaur! (November 2014)
I'm a Scaredy-Mouse! (March 2015)
Surfing for Secrets (July 2015)
Get the Scoop, Geronimo! (November 2015)
My Autosaurus Will Win! (March 2016)
Sea Monster Surprise (July 2016)
Paws Off the Pearl! (November 2016)
The Smelly Search (March 2017)
Shoo, Caveflies! (July 2017)
A Mammoth Mystery (November 2017)
Spacemice books[edit]
Alien Escape (April 2014)
You're Mine, Captain! (August 2014)
Ice Planet Adventure (February 2015)
The Galactic Goal (May 2015)
Rescue Rebellion (September 2015)
The Underwater Planet (February 2016)
Beware! Space Junk! (May 2016)
Away in a Star Sled (September 2016)
Slurp Monster Showdown (February 2017)
Pirate Spacecat Attack (May 2017)
We'll Bite Your Tail, Geronimo! (September 2017)
The Invisible Planet (February 2018)
Micekings books[edit]
Attack of the Dragons (April 2016)
The Famouse Fjord Race (August 2016)
Pull the Dragon's Tooth! (December 2016)
Stay Strong, Geronimo! (April 2017)
The Mysterious Message (August 2017)
The Helmet Holdup (December 2017)
The Dragon Crown (April 2018)
Thea Stilton: Mouseford Academy books[edit]
Drama at Mouseford (October 2014)
The Missing Diary (October 2014)
Mouselets in Danger (November 2014)
Dance Challenge (November 2014)
The Secret Invention (February 2015)
A Mouseford Musical (February 2015)
Mice Take the Stage (December 2015)
A Fashionable Mystery (December 2015)
The Mysterious Love Letter (May 2016)
A Dream on Ice (May 2016)
Lights, Camera, Action! (September 2016)
Mice on the Runway
Sea Turtle Rescue
The Secret Notebook
The Friendship Recipe
The Royal Ball
Geronimo Stilton Graphic Novels by PapercutZ[edit]
As of August 2017, 19 English translations of the graphic novels have been published.
The Discovery of America (18 August 2009)
The Secret of the Sphinx (18 August 2009)
The Coliseum Con (24 November 2009)
Following the Trail of Marco Polo (13 April 2010)
The Great Ice Age (6 July 2010)
Who Stole the Mona Lisa? (26 October 2010)
Dinosaurs in Action (1 February 2011)
Play It Again, Mozart! (13 September 2011)
The Weird Book Machine (31 January 2012)
Geronimo Stilton Saves the Olympics (5 June 2012)
We'll Always Have Paris (2 October 2012)
The First Samurai (19 March 2013)
The Fastest Train in the West (10 December 2013)
The First Mouse on the Moon (24 June 2014)
All for Stilton, Stilton for All! (13 January 2015)
Lights, Camera, Stilton! (4 August 2015)
The Mystery of the Pirate Ship (24 May 2016)
First to the Last Place on Earth! (22 November 2016)
Lost in Translation (29 August 2017)
Saving Liberty (17 April 2018)
Thea Stilton Graphic Novels by PapercutZ[edit]
The Secret of Whale Island (30 April 2013)
Revenge of the Lizard Club (20 August 2013)
The Treasure of the Viking Ship (22 April 2014)
Catching the Giant Wave (30 September 2014)
The Secret of the Waterfall in the Woods (9 February 2016)
The Thea Sisters and the Mystery at Sea (30 August 2016)
A Song for the Thea Sisters (14 March 2017)
The Thea Sisters and the Secret Treasure Hunt (26 December 2017)
Characters in the Geronimo Stilton Graphic Novels[edit]
The characters of Geronimo Stilton also used their other names from the second to the sixth novel.
The Secret of the Sphinx:
Stiltons (land far from Egypt):
Geronimo Stilton: Geron-Ankh-Amon
Patty Spring (originally Petunia Pretty Paws): Pat-Nefret
Trap: Rat-Trap
Benjamin: Ben-Ja-Pet
Pandora (originally Bugsy Wugsy): Pan-Do-Rat
Pirate Cats (Priests and temple dancer of Goddess Bastet)
Tersilla: Rat-Shepsut
Catardone III: Cat-Sinuhe
Bonzo: Bon-Zezet
Characters of Ancient Egypt:
Noble Vizier, Rat-Karue
Chief Architect of Pharaoh, Ratty-Atum
Pharaoh Chephren
The Queen
Pharaoh's Son, Micerino
The Coliseum Con:
Stiltons:
Geronimo: Geronimus Stiltonius
Nosymouse Squeak (originally Hercule Poirat): Nosymousius Squeakius
Thea, Benjamin and Pandora: Visitors
Pirate Cats (Noble Family of Alexandria; Egypt, and worker):
Tersilla: Licinia Mousilla / Matron
Catardone III: Catardonius Catardicus
Bonzo: Caius Bonzus
Characters of Ancient Rome:
Divine Emperor, Titus
Architect, Flavianus Raticum
Following the Trail of Marco Polo:
Stiltons (Venetian merchants):
Geronimo: Geronimo Stiltonin
Patty: Mistress Patricia
Trap: Trapolon
Benjamin: Benjamino
Pandora: Pandorama
Pirate Cats (Venetian merchants):
Tersilla: Ratilla Ratini
Catardone III: Ratardone
Bonzo: Ratonzo Raton
Characters of Khanbalik Imperial Palace:
Lord of Mongolian Empire, Kublai Khan
Writer of Diary, Marco Polo
Marco Polo's father, Niccolo Polo
Marco Polo's uncle, Matteo Polo
Official for Kublai Khan, Mouse-Chechung
The Great Ice Age:
Stiltons:
Geronimo: Geronimut Stiltonut
Patty: Pattut
Trap: Trapput
Benjamin: Benjamut
Pandora: Pandorut
Pirate Cats: Gods of Lightning
Characters of the Wurm Glaciation:
Leader of Tribe, Rat-Kun
Children of Rat-Kun, Rat-Rat and Ratuk
Rodents of Rat-Kun tribe
Who Stole the Mona Lisa?:
Stiltons (Marseille Merchants):
Geronimo: Gerome Stiltoneaux
Thea: Thea
Trap: Trapofalon
Benjamin: Belmouse
Pandora: Pandorette
Pirate Cats (Painters/Assistants)
Tersilla: Thea (disguised)
Catardone III: Catard of Cat
Bonzo: Bonzeton Lebonze
Characters of Amboise:
Leonardo's servant, Battista
Machine creator, Leonardo da Vinci
Francis I of France
Other media[edit]
There are also audio-cassette and CD versions of the Geronimo Stilton books published by Scholastic Audio Books. There are three stories in the first three collections (1–3, 4–6, 7–9), book 10 is sold by itself, and the remaining books are sold in pairs (11–12, 13–14, 15–16, 17–18, 20–21, 22 and 24, 25–26). Books 1 through 10 are read by Edward Herrmann. Books 11–18, 20–22 and 24, and 25–26 are read by Bill Lobley.
TV series[edit]
Main article: Geronimo Stilton (TV series)
An animated series of 26 episodes in each Season which debuted in Belgium and the Netherlands on 21 September 2009.[6] A third season is currently in production.[citation needed]
Theatre[edit]
In 2016, Oregon Children's Theatre produced Geronimo Stilton: Mouse in Space, a world-premiere adaptation of Mouse in Space! by John Maclay, and the first live-action production of Geronimo Stilton media in the United States. [7]
Musical theatre[edit]
The 'Kingdom of Fantasy' series has been developed into a live show, which has been performed in Spanish in Barcelona, Spain,[8] Dutch in The Netherlands,[9] Dutch/Flemish in Belgium and in both English and French in Montreal, Canada.[10]
Comics/graphic novels[edit]
Papercutz has been publishing Geronimo Stilton graphic novels since 2009; they have published a line of Thea Stilton graphic novels since 2013.
The Rodent's Gazette Online[edit]
The Rodent's Gazette is Geronimo Stilton's most "famouse" newspaper in New Mouse City. It is updated every few months, with stories based on Geronimo Stilton's latest books and adventures. It is also the official Geronimo Stilton website for English readers.[citation needed]
The editors at Scholastic have stopped writing more top stories since early 2006. The "Book Reviews" section of the site is still being updated with summaries, book covers, and reviews about each of Geronimo's latest adventures.[citation needed]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Herbert R. Lottman (9 February 2002) Milan, Italy's Trade Capital. Publishers Weekly.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-14. Retrieved 2015-06-17.
Jump up ^ Geronimo Stilton. Kidsreads.com. Retrieved on 12 August 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c All Series. Kidsreads.com Retrieved on 12 August 2013.
Jump up ^ [1] Biography.jrank.org Retrieved on 28 March 2017
Jump up ^ Aaron H. Bynum (30 May 2008) 'Geronimo Stilton' Animation Pre-Sale News. Animation Insider.net
Jump up ^ "Geronimo Stilton". Oregon Children's Theatre. Retrieved 2017-03-05.
Jump up ^ Aguiar, Javier. "Geronimo Stilton instala su mundo de fantasía en el Calderón hasta el martes". El Norte del Castilla. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
Jump up ^ http://www.musicalcafe.nl/nieuws/geronimo_stilton_schittert_in_eigen_muisical
Jump up ^ Donnelly, Pat (20 December 2013). "Review: Geronimo Stilton dans le royaume de la fantaisie". Montreal Gazette. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 24 January 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Geronimo Stilton.
(Multi-lingual) Official Geronimo Stilton website
(in English) Scholastic's official website
Authority control
GND: 129947938
MusicBrainz: b7bd2dc1-01b9-437c-8b66-49187d6fb312
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geronimo_Stilton&oldid=816161863"
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text:
Westerlies
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The westerlies (blue) and trade winds (yellow)
The westerlies, anti-trades,[1] or prevailing westerlies, are prevailing winds from the west toward the east in the middle latitudes between 30 and 60 degrees latitude. They originate from the high-pressure areas in the horse latitudes and tend towards the poles and steer extratropical cyclones in this general manner.[2] Tropical cyclones which cross the subtropical ridge axis into the westerlies recurve due to the increased westerly flow. The winds are predominantly from the southwest in the Northern Hemisphere and from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere.
The westerlies are strongest in the winter hemisphere and times when the pressure is lower over the poles, while they are weakest in the summer hemisphere and when pressures are higher over the poles. The westerlies are particularly strong, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, in areas where land is absent, because land amplifies the flow pattern, making the current more north-south oriented, slowing the westerlies. The strongest westerly winds in the middle latitudes can come in the roaring forties, between 40 and 50 degrees latitude. The westerlies play an important role in carrying the warm, equatorial waters and winds to the western coasts of continents, especially in the southern hemisphere because of its vast oceanic expanse.
Contents
[hide]
1 Behavior
2 Impact on ocean currents
3 Extratropical cyclones
4 Interaction with tropical cyclones
5 See also
6 References
Behavior[edit]
See also: Polar cyclone and Arctic oscillation
If the Earth were a non-rotating planet, solar heating would cause winds across the mid-latitudes to blow in a poleward direction, away from the subtropical ridge. However, the Coriolis effect caused by the rotation of Earth causes winds to steer to the right of what would otherwise be expected across the Northern Hemisphere, and left of what would be expected in the Southern Hemisphere.[3] This is why winds across the Northern Hemisphere tend to blow from the southwest, but they tend to be from the northwest in the Southern Hemisphere.[4] When pressures are lower over the poles, the strength of the westerlies increases, which has the effect of warming the mid-latitudes. This occurs when the Arctic oscillation is positive, and during winter low pressure near the poles is stronger than it would be during the summer. When it is negative and pressures are higher over the poles, the flow is more meridional, blowing from the direction of the pole towards the equator, which brings cold air into the mid-latitudes.[5]
Throughout the year, the westerlies vary in strength with the polar cyclone. As the cyclone reaches its maximum intensity in winter, the westerlies increase in strength. As the cyclone reaches its weakest intensity in summer, the Westerlies weaken.[6] An example of the impact of the westerlies is when dust plumes, originating in the Gobi desert combine with pollutants and spread large distances downwind, or eastward, into North America.[7] The westerlies can be particularly strong, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, where there is less land in the middle latitudes to cause the progression of west to east winds to slow down. In the Southern hemisphere, because of the stormy and cloudy conditions, it is usual to refer to the westerlies as the roaring forties, furious fifties and shrieking sixties according to the varying degrees of latitude.[8]
Impact on ocean currents[edit]
Benjamin Franklin's map of the Gulf Stream
Due to persistent winds from west to east on the poleward sides of the subtropical ridges located in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, ocean currents are driven in a similar manner in both hemispheres. The currents in the Northern Hemisphere are weaker than those in the Southern Hemisphere due to the differences in strength between the westerlies of each hemisphere.[9] The process of western intensification causes currents on the western boundary of an ocean basin to be stronger than those on the eastern boundary of an ocean.[10] These western ocean currents transport warm, tropical water polewards toward the polar regions. Ships crossing both oceans have taken advantage of the ocean currents for centuries.
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC), or the West Wind Drift, is an ocean current that flows from west to east around Antarctica. The ACC is the dominant circulation feature of the Southern Ocean and, at approximately 125 Sverdrups, the largest ocean current.[11] In the northern hemisphere, the Gulf Stream, part of the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre, has led to the development of strong cyclones of all types at the base of the Westerlies, both within the atmosphere and within the ocean.[12][13][14] The Kuroshio (Japanese for "Black Tide") is a strong western boundary current in the western north Pacific Ocean, similar to the Gulf Stream, which has also contributed to the depth of ocean storms in that region.
Extratropical cyclones[edit]
A fictitious synoptic chart of an extratropical cyclone affecting the UK and Ireland. The blue arrows between isobars indicate the direction of the wind, while the "L" symbol denotes the centre of the "low". Note the occluded, cold and warm frontal boundaries.
Main article: Extratropical cyclone
An extratropical cyclone is a synoptic scale low pressure weather system that has neither tropical nor polar characteristics, being connected with fronts and horizontal gradients in temperature and dew point otherwise known as "baroclinic zones".[15]
The descriptor "extratropical" refers to the fact that this type of cyclone generally occurs outside of the tropics, in the middle latitudes of the planet, where the Westerlies steer the system generally from west to east. These systems may also be described as "mid-latitude cyclones" due to their area of formation, or "post-tropical cyclones" where extratropical transition has occurred,[15][16] and are often described as "depressions" or "lows" by weather forecasters and the general public. These are the everyday phenomena which along with anti-cyclones, drive the weather over much of the Earth.
Although extratropical cyclones are almost always classified as baroclinic since they form along zones of temperature and dewpoint gradient, they can sometimes become barotropic late in their life cycle when the temperature distribution around the cyclone becomes fairly uniform along the radius from the center of low pressure.[17] An extratropical cyclone can transform into a subtropical storm, and from there into a tropical cyclone, if it dwells over warm waters and develops central convection, which warms its core and causes temperature and dewpoint gradients near their centers to fade.[18]
Interaction with tropical cyclones[edit]
See also: Tropical cyclone
Storm track of Hurricane Bill (2009), showing a classic recurvature off the American coast in 2009
When a tropical cyclone crosses the subtropical ridge axis, normally through a break in the high-pressure area caused by a system traversing the Westerlies, its general track around the high-pressure area is deflected significantly by winds moving towards the general low-pressure area to its north. When the cyclone track becomes strongly poleward with an easterly component, the cyclone has begun recurvature, entering the Westerlies.[19] A typhoon moving through the Pacific Ocean towards Asia, for example, will recurve offshore of Japan to the north, and then to the northeast, if the typhoon encounters southwesterly winds (blowing northeastward) around a low-pressure system passing over China or Siberia. Many tropical cyclones are eventually forced toward the northeast by extratropical cyclones in this manner, which move from west to east to the north of the subtropical ridge. An example of a tropical cyclone in recurvature was Typhoon Ioke in 2006, which took a similar trajectory.[20]
See also[edit]
Polar easterlies
West wind
Ferrel cell
Trade winds
Ocean currents
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Robert Fitzroy (1863). The weather book: a manual of practical meteorology. Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green. p. 63.
Jump up ^ Glossary of Meteorology (2009). Westerlies. American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 2009-04-15.
Jump up ^ Nathan Gasser (2000-08-10). Solar Heating and Coriolis Forces. University of Tennessee at Knoxville. Retrieved on 2009-05-31.
Jump up ^ Ralph Stockman Tarr and Frank Morton McMurry (1909). Advanced geography. W.W. Shannon, State Printing, pp. 246. Retrieved on 2009-04-15.
Jump up ^ National Snow and Ice Data Center (2009). The Arctic Oscillation. Arctic Climatology and Meteorology. Retrieved on 2009-04-11.
Jump up ^ Halldór Björnsson (2005). Global circulation. Archived 2011-08-07 at the Wayback Machine. Veðurstofu Íslands. Retrieved on 2008-06-15.
Jump up ^ James K. B. Bishop, Russ E. Davis, and Jeffrey T. Sherman (2002). "Robotic Observations of Dust Storm Enhancement of Carbon Biomass in the North Pacific". Science 298. pp. 817–821. Retrieved 2009-06-20. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Walker, Stuart (1998). The sailor's wind. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 91. ISBN 9780393045550.
Jump up ^ Wunsch, Carl (November 8, 2002). "What Is the Thermohaline Circulation?". Science. 298 (5596): 1179–1181. PMID 12424356. doi:10.1126/science.1079329. (see also Rahmstorf.)
Jump up ^ National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (2009). Investigating the Gulf Stream. Archived 2010-05-03 at the Wayback Machine. North Carolina State University. Retrieved on 2009-05-06.
Jump up ^ Ryan Smith, Melicie Desflots, Sean White, Arthur J. Mariano, Edward H. Ryan (2005). The Antarctic CP Current. The Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies. Retrieved on 2009-04-11.
Jump up ^ S. Businger, T. M. Graziano, M. L. Kaplan, and R. A. Rozumalski (2004). Cold-air cyclogenesis along the Gulf-Stream front: investigation of diabatic impacts on cyclone development, frontal structure, and track. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, pp. 65-90. Retrieved on 2008-09-21.
Jump up ^ David M. Roth (2000). P 1.43 A FIFTY YEAR HISTORY OF SUBTROPICAL CYCLONES. American Meteorological Society. Retrieved on 2008-09-21.
Jump up ^ D. K. Savidge and J. M. Bane (1999). Cyclogenesis in the deep ocean beneath the Gulf Stream. 1. Description. Journal of geophysical research, pp. 18111-18126. Retrieved on 2008-09-21.
^ Jump up to: a b DeCaria (2007-05-29). "ESCI 241 – Meteorology; Lesson 16 – Extratropical Cyclones". Department of Earth Sciences, Millersville University, Millersville, Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on 2007-05-29. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
Jump up ^ Robert Hart & Jenni Evans (2003). "Synoptic Composites of the Extratropical Transition Lifecycle of North Atlantic TCs as Defined Within Cyclone Phase Space" (PDF). ams.confex.com. Retrieved 2006-10-03.
Jump up ^ Ryan N. Maue (2009). CHAPTER 3: CYCLONE PARADIGMS AND EXTRATROPICAL TRANSITION CONCEPTUALIZATIONS. Archived 2008-05-10 at the Wayback Machine. Florida State University. Retrieved on 2008-06-15.
Jump up ^ Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory; Hurricane Research Division (2004). "Frequently Asked Questions: What is an extra-tropical cyclone?". NOAA. Retrieved 2006-07-25.
Jump up ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center (2009). Section 2: Tropical Cyclone Motion Terminology. United States Navy. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
Jump up ^ Powell, Jeff; et al. (May 2007). "Hurricane Ioke: 20–27 August 2006". 2006 Tropical Cyclones Central North Pacific. Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2007-06-09.
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