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Life of Pi
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This article is about the novel by Yann Martel. For the film based on the novel and directed by Ang Lee, see Life of Pi (film).
Life of Pi
Life of Pi cover
Author
Yann Martel
Original title
Life of Pi
Country
Canada
Language
English
Genre
Fiction
Publisher
Knopf Canada
Publication date
September 11, 2001 (Canada)
ISBN
0-676-97376-0 (first edition, hardcover)
OCLC
46624335
Preceded by
Self
Followed by
Beatrice and Virgil
Life of Pi is a Canadian fantasy adventure novel by Yann Martel published in 2001. The protagonist is Piscine Molitor "Pi" Patel, an Indian boy from Pondicherry who explores issues of spirituality and practicality from an early age. He survives 227 days after a shipwreck while stranded on a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker.
The novel has sold more than ten million copies worldwide.[1] It was rejected by at least five London publishing houses[2] before being accepted by Knopf Canada, which published it in September 2001. The UK edition won the Man Booker Prize for Fiction the following year.[3][4][5] It was also chosen for CBC Radio's Canada Reads 2003, where it was championed by author Nancy Lee.[6]
The French translation L'Histoire de Pi was chosen in the French CBC version of the contest Le combat des livres, where it was championed by Louise Forestier.[7] The novel won the 2003 Boeke Prize, a South African novel award. In 2004, it won the Asian/Pacific American Award for Literature in Best Adult Fiction for years 2001–2003.[8] In 2012 it was adapted into a feature film directed by Ang Lee with a screenplay by David Magee.
Contents
1 Plot
1.1 Part one
1.2 Part two
1.3 Part three
2 Major themes
2.1 Life is a story
2.2 Growth through adversity
3 Inspiration
3.1 Richard Parker and shipwreck narratives
3.2 Moacyr Scliar
4 Narrative structure
5 Setting
6 Characters
6.1 Piscine Molitor "Pi" Patel
6.2 Richard Parker
7 Reception
8 Adaptations
8.1 Illustrated edition
8.2 Film adaptation
8.3 Theatrical adaptations
9 References
10 Bibliography
11 External links
Plot[edit]
The novel begins with a note from the author, which is an integral part of it. Unusually, the note describes entirely fictional events. It serves to establish and enforce one of the book's main themes: the relativity of truth.
Life of Pi is subdivided into three sections:
Part one[edit]
In the first section, the main character, by the name of Piscine Patel, an adult Canadian, reminisces about his childhood in India. His father owns a zoo in Pondicherry. The livelihood provides the family with a relatively affluent lifestyle and some understanding of animal psychology.
The narrator describes how he acquired his full name, Piscine Molitor Patel, as a tribute to the swimming pool in France. After hearing schoolmates tease him by transforming the first name into "Pissing", he establishes the short form of his name as "Pi" when he starts secondary school. The name, he says, pays tribute to the irrational number which is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter.
In recounting his experiences, Pi describes several other unusual situations involving proper names: two visitors to the zoo, one a devout Muslim, and the other a committed atheist, bear identical names; and a 450-pound tiger at the zoo bears the name Richard Parker as the result of a clerical error, in which human and animal names were reversed.[9]
Pi is raised as a Hindu who practices vegetarianism. At the age of fourteen, he investigates Christianity and Islam, and decides to become an adherent of all three religions, much to his parents' dismay, saying he "just wants to love God."[10][11] He tries to understand God through the lens of each religion, and comes to recognize benefits in each one.
A few years later in February 1976, during the period when Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declares "The Emergency", Pi's father decides to sell the zoo and immigrate with his wife and sons to Canada.
Part two[edit]
The second part of the novel begins with Pi's family aboard the Tsimtsum, a Japanese freighter that is transporting animals from their zoo to North America. A few days out of port from Manila, the ship encounters a storm and sinks. Pi manages to escape in a small lifeboat, only to learn that the boat also holds a spotted hyena, an injured Grant's zebra, and an orangutan named Orange Juice. Much to the boy's distress, the hyena kills the zebra and then Orange Juice. A tiger has been hiding under the boat's tarpaulin: it's Richard Parker, who had boarded the lifeboat with ambivalent assistance from Pi himself some time before the hyena attack. Suddenly emerging from his hideaway, Richard Parker kills and eats the hyena.
Frightened, Pi constructs a small raft out of rescue flotation devices, tethers it to the bow of the boat and makes it his place of retirement. He begins conditioning Richard Parker to take a submissive role by using food as a positive reinforcer, and seasickness as a punishment mechanism, while using a whistle for signals. Soon, Pi asserts himself as the alpha animal, and is eventually able to share the boat with his feline companion, admitting in the end that Richard Parker is the one who helped him survive his ordeal.
Pi recounts various events while adrift in the Pacific Ocean. At his lowest point, exposure renders him blind and unable to catch fish. In a state of delirium, he talks with a marine "echo", which he initially identifies as Richard Parker having gained the ability to speak, but it turns out to be another blind castaway, a Frenchman, who boards the lifeboat with the intention of killing and eating Pi, but is eventually killed by Richard Parker.
Some time later, Pi's boat comes ashore on a floating island network of algae and inhabited by hundreds of thousands of meerkats. Soon, Pi and Richard Parker regain strength, but the boy's discovery of the carnivorous nature of the island's plant life forces him to return to the ocean.
Two hundred and twenty-seven days after the ship's sinking, the lifeboat washes onto a beach in Mexico, after which Richard Parker disappears into the nearby jungle without looking back, leaving Pi heartbroken at the abrupt farewell.
Part three[edit]
The third part of the novel describes a conversation between Pi and two officials from the Japanese Ministry of Transport, who are conducting an inquiry into the shipwreck. They meet him at the hospital in Mexico where he is recovering. Pi tells them his tale, but the officials reject it as unbelievable. Pi then offers them a second story in which he is adrift on a lifeboat not with zoo animals, but with the ship's cook, a Taiwanese sailor with a broken leg, and his own mother. The cook amputates the sailor's leg for use as fishing bait, then kills the sailor himself as well as Pi's mother for food, and soon he is killed by Pi, who dines on him.
The investigators note parallels between the two stories. They soon conclude that the hyena symbolizes the cook, the zebra the sailor, the orangutan Pi's mother, and the tiger represents Pi. Pi points out that neither story can be proven and neither explains the cause of the shipwreck, so he asks the officials which story they prefer: the one without animals or the one with animals. They eventually choose the story with the animals. Pi thanks them and says: "And so it goes with God." The investigators then leave and file a report.
Major themes[edit]
Life is a story[edit]
Life of Pi, according to Yann Martel, can be summarized in three statements: "Life is a story... You can choose your story... A story with God is the better story."[12] A recurring theme throughout the novel seems to be believability. Pi at the end of the book asks the two investigators "If you stumble at mere believability, what are you living for?"[13] According to Gordon Houser there are two main themes of the book: "that all life is interdependent, and that we live and breathe via belief."[14]
Growth through adversity[edit]
PBS has described Martel's story as one of "personal growth through adversity."[15] The main character learns that "tigers are dangerous" at a young age when his father forces him to watch the zoo's Royal Bengal tiger patriarch, Mahisha, devour a live goat. Later, after he has been reduced to eking out a desperate existence on the lifeboat with the company of a fully grown tiger, Pi develops "alpha" qualities as he musters the strength, will and skills he needs to survive.[15]
Inspiration[edit]
In a 2002 interview with PBS, Martel said "I was sort of looking for a story, not only with a small 's' but sort of with a capital 'S' – something that would direct my life."[16] He spoke of being lonely and needing direction in his life, and found that writing the novel met this need.[17]
Richard Parker and shipwreck narratives[edit]
The name of Martel's tiger, Richard Parker, was inspired by a character in Edgar Allan Poe's nautical adventure novel The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket (1838). In this book, Richard Parker is a mutineer who is stranded and eventually cannibalized on the hull of an overturned ship (and there is a dog aboard who is named Tiger). The author also had in mind another occurrence of the name, in the famous legal case R v Dudley and Stephens (1884) where a shipwreck again results in the cannibalism of a cabin boy named Richard Parker, this time in a lifeboat.[18] A third Richard Parker drowned in the sinking of the Francis Spaight in 1846, described by author Jack London, and later the cabin boy (not Richard Parker) was cannibalized.
Having read about these events, Yann Martel thought, "So many victimized Richard Parkers had to mean something."[19][20]
Moacyr Scliar[edit]
Martel has mentioned that a book review he read of Brazilian author Moacyr Scliar's 1981 novella Max and the Cats accounts in part for his novel's premise. Scliar's story describes a Jewish-German refugee crossing the Atlantic Ocean with a jaguar in his boat.[21][22] Scliar said that he was perplexed that Martel "used the idea without consulting or even informing me," and indicated that he was reviewing the situation before deciding whether to take any action in response.[23][24] After talking with Martel, Scliar elected not to pursue the matter.[25] A dedication to Scliar "for the spark of life" appears in the author's note of Life of Pi. Literary reviews have described the similarities between Life of Pi and Max and the Cats as superficial. Reviewer Peter Yan wrote: "Reading the two books side-by-side, one realizes how inadequate bald plot summaries are in conveying the unique imaginative impact of each book,"[26] and noted that Martel's distinctive narrative structure is not found in Scliar's novella. The themes of the books are also dissimilar, with Max and the Cats being an allegory for Nazism.[27] In Life of Pi, 211 of 354 pages are devoted to Pi's experience in the lifeboat, compared to Max and the Cats, in which 17 of its 99 pages depict time spent in a lifeboat.[27]
Narrative structure[edit]
According to the reviewer Peter Yan,
'Life of Pi' is told from two alternating points of view, the main character Pi in a flashback and Yann Martel himself, who is the "visiting writer" (Martel 101) interviewing Pi many years after the tiger in the boat story. This technique of the intrusive narrator adds the documentary realism to the book, setting up, like a musical counter-point, the myth-making, unreliable narrator, Pi. The reader is left to ponder at the end whether Pi's story is an allegory of another set of parallel events.[26]
Setting[edit]
The novel is a work of fiction set in the summer of 1977 that draws on places and historical events in India. The Patel Family's discussions of the political situation refer to the Emergency period of the mid-1970s, when Indira Gandhi's administration ruled by decree, curtailed press freedoms, and imprisoned political opponents. Pondicherry is a former French colony in India. It does have an Indian Coffee House and Botanical Gardens. The Botanical Garden had a zoo in 1977 but did not have any animals bigger than a deer. Munnar, the destination for the Patel family's vacation, is a small but popular hill station in Kerala. Madurai, also referenced in the novel, is a popular tourist and pilgrimage site in Tamil Nadu.
Characters[edit]
Piscine Molitor "Pi" Patel[edit]
He acquires layer after layer of diverse spirituality and brilliantly synthesizes it into a personal belief system and devotional life that is breathtaking in its depth and scope. His youthful exploration into comparative religion culminates in a magnificent epiphany of sorts.
—Phoebe Kate Foster of PopMatters[28]
Piscine Molitor Patel, known to all as just "Pi", is the narrator and protagonist of the novel. He was named after a swimming pool in Paris, despite the fact that neither his mother nor his father particularly liked swimming. The story is told as a narrative from the perspective of a middle-aged Pi, now married with his own family, and living in Canada. At the time of main events of the story, he is sixteen years old. He recounts the story of his life and his 227-day journey on a lifeboat when his ship sinks in the middle of the Pacific Ocean during a voyage to North America.
Richard Parker[edit]
A Bengal tiger
Richard Parker is a royal Bengal tiger who is stranded on the lifeboat with Pi when the ship sinks. Richard Parker lives on the lifeboat with Pi and is kept alive with the food and water Pi delivers. Richard Parker develops a relationship with Pi that allows them to coexist in their struggle.
In the novel, a hunter named Richard Parker is hired to kill a panther thought to have killed seven people within two months. Instead, he accidentally immobilizes a female Bengal tiger with tranquilizer darts while her cub escapes hiding in a bush. Parker names the cub Thirsty after his enthusiasm when drinking from a nearby river. The paperwork that accompanies the shipment of the two tigers to Pi's family's zoo in Pondicherry states that the cub's name is "Richard Parker" and the hunter's given name is "Thirsty" and his surname is "None Given", due to a mix-up with the names. Pi's father finds the story so amusing that they continue to call the tiger "Richard Parker".
Reception[edit]
Brian Bethune of Maclean's describes Life of Pi as a "head-scratching combination of dense religious allegory, zoological lore and enthralling adventure tale, written with warmth and grace".[29] Master Plots suggested that the "central themes of Life of Pi concern religion and human faith in God".[30] Reutter said, "So believable is Pi's story telling that readers will be amazed."[31] Gregory Stephens added that it "achieves something more quietly spectacular."[32] Smith stated that there was "no bamboozlement here."[33] Gary Krist of The New York Times praised the book, but added that at times Martel "pushes the didactic agenda of his story too hard."[34]
In 2010, U.S. President Barack Obama wrote a letter directly to Martel, describing Life of Pi as "an elegant proof of God, and the power of storytelling."[35]
Adaptations[edit]
Illustrated edition[edit]
In October 2005, a worldwide competition was launched to find an artist to illustrate Life of Pi. The competition was run by Scottish publisher Canongate Books and UK newspaper The Times, as well as Australian newspaper The Age and Canadian newspaper The Globe and Mail. Croatian artist Tomislav Torjanac was chosen as the illustrator for the new edition, which was published in September 2007.[36][37][38]
Film adaptation[edit]
Main article: Life of Pi (film)
A 2012 adaptation directed by Ang Lee and based on an adapted screenplay by David Magee was given a wide release in the United States on 21 November 2012. At the 85th Academy Awards it won four awards from eleven nominations, including Best Director.
Theatrical adaptations[edit]
This novel has also been adapted as a play by Keith Robinson, artistic director of the youth-oriented Twisting Yarn Theatre Company. Andy Rashleigh wrote the adaptation, which was directed by Keith Robinson. The premier/original cast contained only six actors – Tony Hasnath (Pi), Taresh Solanki (Richard Parker), Melody Brown (Mother), Conor Alexander (Father), Sanjay Shalat (Brother) and Mark Pearce (Uncle).[39] The play was produced at the Alhambra Theatre in Bradford, England, in 2003.[40] The company toured England and Ireland with the play in 2004 and 2007.
Keith Robinson also directed a second version of the play. He brought some of his company to work with students of the BA (Hons) Drama, Applied Theatre and Education Course at the Central School of Speech and Drama. The joint production was performed at the Minack Theatre, in Cornwall, England, in late June 2008.[41] It was well received by the press and community.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ 'Life of Pi' a surprise success story around the world
Jump up ^ Gibbons, Fiachra (24 October 2002). "Top publishers rejected Booker winner". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "Life of Pi". Man Booker Prize. Archived from the original on 2 December 2010. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
Jump up ^ Kipen, David (23 October 2002). "Canadian wins Booker Prize / 'Life of Pi' is tale of a boy who floats across the ocean from India". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
Jump up ^ Reynolds, Nigel (30 September 2002). "Life of Pi wins Booker". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved 3 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "Canada Reads 2003". Canada Reads. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "Martel seeks quiet of Saskatoon". CBC News. Retrieved 1 September 2010. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Asian Pacific American Award for Literature (APAAL) 2001–2003". APAAL. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ Martel, p. 14
Jump up ^ Martel, p. 69
Jump up ^ "Life of Pi (review)". Archived from the original on 29 May 2012. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Renton, Jennie. "Yann Martel Interview". Textualities. Retrieved 19 May 2013.
Jump up ^ Martel, Yann (2001). Life of Pi. New York: Knopf Canada.
Jump up ^ Houser, Gordon (2003). "The Life of Pi". The Christian Century. 120 (3): 34+. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Life of Pi' Author Reveals to PBS..org That The Inspiration For His Best-Selling Book And Now Hit Film Came From A Little Known Book About A Shipwrecked German Boy". Retrieved 15 May 2013. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Martel, Yann (11 November 2002). "Conversation: Life of PI". PBS NewsHour (Interview). Interviewed by Ray Suarez. PBS. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Martel, Yann (27 October 2002). "Triumph of a castaway adrift in the sea of his imagination". The Sunday Times. UK. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ Oldsaltblog.com
Jump up ^ "Yann Martel on tigers, cannibals and Edgar Alan Poe". Canongate Books. 14 May 2002. Archived from the original on 18 March 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
Jump up ^ Martel, Yann. "How Richard Parker Came to Get His Name". Amazon.com. Retrieved 1 September 2010.
Jump up ^ "From the Author – Yann Martel – Powell's Books". Powells.com. Archived from the original on 14 January 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Mitgang, Herbert (11 July 1990). "Books of The Times; Fleeing the Nazis With a Jaguar That May Be Real". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
Jump up ^ Rohter, Larry (11 July 1990). "Tiger in a Lifeboat, Panther in a Lifeboat: A Furor Over a Novel". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 September 2010.
Jump up ^ Veja.abril.com
Jump up ^ Scliar, Moacyr (16 July 2006). "Writers & Company" (Interview). Interviewed by Eleanor Wachtel. CBC Radio 1.
^ Jump up to: a b "Review". Books in Canada. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
^ Jump up to: a b ""Hollow at the core": Deconstructing Yann Martel's Life of Pi | Stratton | Studies in Canadian Literature / Études en littérature canadienne". Journals.hil.unb.ca. Retrieved 2012-12-30.
Jump up ^ Foster, Phoebe Kate (4 September 2002). "Life of Pi: A Novel by Yann Martel". PopMatters. London. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
Jump up ^ Bethune, Brian (13 April 2010). "The missing half of Yann Martel's new novel: His plan for his long-awaited follow-up to 'Life of Pi' didn't quite work out". Maclean's. Retrieved 31 August 2010.
Jump up ^ Cockeram, Paul (November 2010). "Life of Pi". Master Plots 4 edition: 1–3.
Jump up ^ Reutter, Vicki (2004). "Martel, Yann. Life of Pi". School Library Journal.
Jump up ^ Stephens, Gregory (14 May 2013). "Feeding tiger, finding God: science, religion, and 'the better story' in Life of Pi". 1. 14.
Jump up ^ Smith, Jean (2003). "Yann Martel. Life of Pi". The Review of Contemporary Fiction. 23 (1).
Jump up ^ Krist, Gary (2002-07-07). "Taming the Tiger". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-03-07.
Jump up ^ "Life of Pi author Martel hears from Obama". Saskatoon StarPhoenix. Winnipeg Free Press. 8 April 2010. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "Life of Pi: The Illustrated Edition by Yann Martel and Tomislav Torjanac". The Sunday Times. UK. 15 September 2007. Archived from the original on 21 May 2009. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ Martel, Yann (15 April 2006). "A brush with the art of Pi". The Sunday Times. UK. Archived from the original on 16 June 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Illustrated Life of Pi". The Guardian. UK. 27 September 2007. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ Cooper, Neil (15 March 2007). "Life Of Pi, Citizens' Theatre, Glasgow". The Herald. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ "A remarkable journey from novel to stage". Yorkshire Post. 6 December 2004. Retrieved 19 October 2010.
Jump up ^ "Production which goes for the jugular". This is Cornwall. Northcliffe Media. 18 June 2008. Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2012.
Bibliography[edit]
Busby, Brian (2003). Character Parts: Who's Really Who in CanLit. Toronto: Knopf. ISBN 0-676-97579-8.
Davies, Hugh (September 2002). "£50,000 Booker winner 'stole idea from Brazilian author'". London: Telegraph Group.
Dwyer, June (2005). "Yann Martel's Life of Pi and the Evolution of the Shipwreck Narrative". Modern Language Studies. 35 (2): 9–21. JSTOR 30039823.
"'May Richard Parker be always at your side'". The Guardian. UK. November 2002.
Fialkoff, Francine (December 2002). "Too Sensitized to Plagiarism?". Library Journal.
McMurtrie, John (October 2005). "French director swept away by 'Life of Pi'". San Francisco Chronicle.
Varughese, Samson (February 2013). "Does "The Life of Pi" Prove the existence of God?". TheMinistryRookie.com.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Life of Pi
Jennie Renton Interview textualities.net "Life is a story. You can choose your story. A story with God is the better story."
Guardian Q&A
Interview on Radio Praha
The story behind the Illustrated Life of Pi
Life of Pi reading group questions and global read-along
Reviews
The Guardian review by Justine Jordan
Salon.com review by Suzy Hansen
London Review of Books
BBC News Entertainment
Movie Review of Life Of Pi at Funbench.com
Dan Schneider at Hack Writers
Awards
Preceded by
True History of the Kelly Gang Man Booker Prize recipient
2002 Succeeded by
Vernon God Little
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Beibs in the Trap
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"Beibs in the Trap"
Song by Travis Scott featuring Nav
from the album Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight
Released
September 2, 2016 (2016-09-02)
Genre
Hip hop
Length
3:33
Label
Grand Hustle
Epic
Songwriter(s)
Jacques Webster
Navraj Goraya
Producer(s)
Nav
"Beibs in the Trap" (stylized as "beibs in the trap") is a song recorded by American rapper Travis Scott featuring Canadian rapper Nav. The track appeared on Scott's second studio album, Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight, which was released on September 2, 2016.[1] "Beibs in the Trap" is a reference to cocaine, comparing the pure white substance to the Canadian singer Justin Bieber.[2]
Contents
1 Music video
2 Commercial performance
3 Charts
3.1 Weekly charts
4 Certifications
5 References
6 External links
Music video[edit]
The music video for "Beibs in the Trap", directed by RJ Sanchez, premiered on December 28, 2016, via Scott's Vevo channel.[3] It features Scott and Nav performing the song at a hangar filled with flashing lights and models.[3] A metallic silver Lamborghini is showcased throughout the entire video.[3] Peter A. Berry from XXL wrote; "The lights and the models' wardrobes make this visual seem like something ripped directly from the upcoming Ghost in the Shell movie, and it looks more than a little cool."[4] Eric Skelton of Pigeons & Planes wrote that all that is missing is "[Justin] Bieber sitting in the corner wearing metallic Hammer pants".[5]
Commercial performance[edit]
After the release of the music video, "Beibs in the Trap" debuted at number 93 on the US Billboard Hot 100, and later reached at number 90 on the chart.[6] The single was eventually certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for sales of over a million digital copies in the United States.
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2016–17)
Peak
position
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[7]
52
US Billboard Hot 100[8]
90
US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard)[9]
38
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
United States (RIAA)[10]
2× Platinum 2,000,000
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott's New Album Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight Features André 3000, Kendrick Lamar, the Weeknd, More: Listen". Pitchfork. September 2, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Every Guest Appearance Ranked on Travis Scott's 'Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight' Album". XXL. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Travis Scott Feat. Nav "Beibs In The Trap" Video". HotNewHipHop. December 28, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott and Nav Flex in "Beibs in the Trap" Video". XXL. December 29, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott, NAV, and a Chrome Lamborghini Star in "Beibs In The Trap" Video". Pigeons & Planes. December 29, 2016. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott Sees Building Chart Momentum For Two Singles". Forbes. January 10, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Travis Scott Chart History (Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Travis Scott – Beibs in the Trap". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH.
External links[edit]
Music video on YouTube
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
show
v
t
e
Travis Scott
Discography
Production discography
Studio albums
Rodeo
Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight
Huncho Jack, Jack Huncho (with Quavo as Huncho Jack)
Astroworld
Mixtapes
Owl Pharaoh
Days Before Rodeo
Singles
"3500"
"Antidote"
"Pick Up the Phone"
"Champions"
"Goosebumps"
"Butterfly Effect"
"Watch"
"Sicko Mode"
Featured singles
"Chimes (RMX)"
"Workin (Remix)"
"Whole Lotta Lovin'"
"Bake Sale"
"Love Galore"
"Portland"
"Know No Better"
"Sky Walker"
"Zeze"
Other songs
"90210"
"Nightcrawler"
"Beibs in the Trap"
"Baptized in Fire"
"On Everything"
Related articles
Huncho Jack
show
v
t
e
Nav
Discography
Albums
Reckless
Mixtapes
Nav
Perfect Timing (with Metro Boomin)
Singles
"Some Way"
"Myself"
"Perfect Timing (Intro)"
"Call Me"
Other songs
"Beibs in the Trap"
Related articles
XO
The Weeknd
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beibs_in_the_Trap&oldid=863719639"
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Kitchen Nightmares
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the original UK version of this show, see Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares.
Kitchen Nightmares
Genre
Reality television
Based on
Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares
Developed by
Daniel Kay
Directed by
Brad Kreisberg (season 1–2)
Jay Hunter (season 3–6)
Glenn Taylor (season 7)
Starring
Gordon Ramsay
Narrated by
J.V. Martin (season 1–2)
Arthur Smith (season 3–7)
Gordon Kennedy (UK)
Opening theme
"Miserlou"
Composer(s)
David Vanacore
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
7
No. of episodes
92 (including revisits)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Arthur Smith
Patricia Llewellyn
Kent Weed
Gerry McKean
Curt Northrup
Gordon Ramsay
Running time
58
Production company(s)
A. Smith & Co. Productions
Optomen
Granada America (2007–10)
ITV Studios America (2011–14)
Distributor
20th Television
Release
Original network
Fox
Picture format
HDTV 1080i
Audio format
Dolby Digital 5.1
Original release
September 19, 2007 (2007-09-19) – September 12, 2014 (2014-09-12)
External links
Website
web.archive.org/web/20121011154109/http://www.fox.com/kitchennightmares/
Kitchen Nightmares is an American reality television series formerly broadcast on the Fox network, in which chef Gordon Ramsay is invited by the owners to spend a week with a failing restaurant in an attempt to revive the business.[1] It is based on the British show Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares.
The show premiered Wednesday September 19, 2007. On June 23, 2014, Ramsay announced he was ending the series.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Production
2 Series overview
3 Episodes
3.1 Season 1: 2007
3.2 Season 2: 2008–09
3.3 Season 3: 2010
3.4 Season 4: 2011
3.5 Season 5: 2011–12
3.6 Season 6: 2012–13
3.7 Season 7: 2014
4 Lawsuit
5 Reception
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
Production[edit]
The show was produced by ITV Studios America[nb 1] and Optomen, in association with A. Smith & Co. Productions,[4] with Arthur Smith, Kent Weed and Patricia Llewellyn serving as executive producers.
In the UK, the series is broadcast under the name Kitchen Nightmares USA and Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares USA on Channel 4, which also produced the original UK version. Reruns, along with the British series, are frequently shown on BBC America.[5]
Series overview[edit]
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Season premiere
Season finale
1 10 September 19, 2007 (2007-09-19) December 12, 2007 (2007-12-12)
2 12 September 4, 2008 (2008-09-04) January 15, 2009 (2009-01-15)
3 13 January 29, 2010 (2010-01-29) May 21, 2010 (2010-05-21)
4 12 January 21, 2011 (2011-01-21) May 20, 2011 (2011-05-20)
5 17 September 23, 2011 (2011-09-23) March 30, 2012 (2012-03-30)
6 16 October 26, 2012 (2012-10-26) May 10, 2013 (2013-05-10)
7 10 April 11, 2014 (2014-04-11) September 12, 2014 (2014-09-12)
Episodes[edit]
Season 1: 2007[edit]
The first season focused on restaurants in the southern California and New York City areas.
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
1
1 "Peter's" Babylon, New York September 19, 2007 (2007-09-19)
2
2 "Dillon's" New York, New York September 26, 2007 (2007-09-26)
Restaurant was renamed Purnima during production.
3
3 "The Mixing Bowl" Bellmore, New York October 3, 2007 (2007-10-03)
4
4 "Seascape" Islip, New York October 10, 2007 (2007-10-10)
5
5 "The Olde Stone Mill" Tuckahoe, New York October 17, 2007 (2007-10-17)
6
6 "Sebastian's" Toluca Lake, California November 7, 2007 (2007-11-07)
7
7 "Finn McCool's" Westhampton, New York November 14, 2007 (2007-11-14)
8
8 "Lela's" Pomona, California November 21, 2007 (2007-11-21)
9
9 "Campania" Fair Lawn, New Jersey November 28, 2007 (2007-11-28)
10
10 "The Secret Garden" Moorpark, California December 12, 2007 (2007-12-12)
Season 2: 2008–09[edit]
Season two included episodes in the upper-midwestern United States as well as New York and California.
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
11
– "Revisited: Gordon Returns" N/A September 4, 2008 (2008-09-04)
Revisit of Finn McCool's, The Olde Stone Mill, The Mixing Bowl, Dillon's, Campania, Peter's.
12
1 "Handlebar" Mount Sinai, New York September 11, 2008 (2008-09-11)
13
2 "Giuseppi's" Macomb Township, Michigan September 18, 2008 (2008-09-18)
14
3 "Trobiano's" Great Neck, New York September 25, 2008 (2008-09-25)
15
4 "Black Pearl" New York, New York September 25, 2008 (2008-09-25)
16
5 "J Willy's" South Bend, Indiana October 30, 2008 (2008-10-30)
17
6 "Hannah & Mason's" Cranbury, New Jersey November 6, 2008 (2008-11-06)
18
7 "Jack's Waterfront" St. Clair Shores, Michigan November 6, 2008 (2008-11-06)
19
8 "Sabatiello's" Stamford, Connecticut November 13, 2008 (2008-11-13)
20
9 "Fiesta Sunrise" West Nyack, New York November 13, 2008 (2008-11-13)
21
10 "Santé La Brea" Los Angeles, California November 20, 2008 (2008-11-20)
22
11 "Cafe 36" La Grange, Illinois January 15, 2009 (2009-01-15)
Season 3: 2010[edit]
The third season was originally scheduled to premiere on Wednesday, January 27, 2010,[6] but it was postponed to Friday, January 29, 2010, due to the State of the Union address.[7]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
23
1 "Hot Potato Cafe" Philadelphia, Pennsylvania January 29, 2010 (2010-01-29)
24
2 "Flamangos" Whitehouse Station, New Jersey February 2, 2010 (2010-02-02)
Restaurant was renamed The Junction during production.
25
3 "Bazzini" Ridgewood, New Jersey February 5, 2010 (2010-02-05)
26
4 "Mojito" Brooklyn, New York February 25, 2010 (2010-02-25)
27
5 "Lido di Manhattan" Manhattan Beach, California March 4, 2010 (2010-03-04)
28
6 "Le Bistro" Lighthouse Point, Florida March 11, 2010 (2010-03-11)
29
7 "Casa Roma" Lancaster, California March 12, 2010 (2010-03-12)
This episode was produced as part of season 2, but not aired until season 3.[citation needed]
30
8 "Mama Rita's" Newbury Park, California March 19, 2010 (2010-03-19)
31
9 "Anna Vincenzo's" Boca Raton, Florida March 26, 2010 (2010-03-26)
32
– "Revisited No. 2" N/A April 9, 2010 (2010-04-09)
Revisit at Santé La Brea, Finn McCool's and Giuseppi's.
33
10 "Fleming" Miami, Florida May 7, 2010 (2010-05-07)
34
11 "Sushi-Ko" Thousand Oaks, California May 14, 2010 (2010-05-14)
35
– "Revisited No. 3" N/A May 21, 2010 (2010-05-21)
Revisit at Handlebar, Casa Roma and The Black Pearl.
Season 4: 2011[edit]
In May 2010, the Fox network announced the return of Kitchen Nightmares for a fourth season. The fourth season aired from January 21, 2011 to May 20, 2011 on Fox.[8]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
36
1 "Spanish Pavilion" Harrison, New Jersey January 21, 2011 (2011-01-21)
37
2 "Classic American" West Babylon, New York January 28, 2011 (2011-01-28)
38
3 "PJ's Steakhouse" Queens, New York February 4, 2011 (2011-02-04)
Restaurant was renamed PJ's Grill during production.
39
– "Revisited No. 4" N/A February 11, 2011 (2011-02-11)
Revisit at Mojito, The Junction (fka Flamangos) and Bazzini.
40
4 "Grasshopper Also" Carlstadt, New Jersey February 18, 2011 (2011-02-18)
41
5 "Davide" Boston, Massachusetts February 25, 2011 (2011-02-25)
42
6 "Down City" Providence, Rhode Island March 11, 2011 (2011-03-11)
43
– "Revisited No. 5" N/A March 18, 2011 (2011-03-18)
Revisit at Le Bistro, Anna Vincenzo's and Lido di Manhattan.
44
7 "Tavolini" Bridgeport, Connecticut March 25, 2011 (2011-03-25)
45
8 "Kingston Cafe" Pasadena, California April 15, 2011 (2011-04-15)
46
9 "La Frite" Sherman Oaks, California April 29, 2011 (2011-04-29)
47
10 "Capri" Eagle Rock, California May 6, 2011 (2011-05-06)
48
11 "Zeke's" Metairie, Louisiana May 13, 2011 (2011-05-13)
49
12 "Oceana" New Orleans, Louisiana May 20, 2011 (2011-05-20)
Season 5: 2011–12[edit]
In March 2011 the producers of the show announced a casting call for a fifth season.[9] The fifth season premiered on Friday, September 23, 2011 and ended on March 30, 2012.[10]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
50
1 "Blackberry's" Plainfield, New Jersey September 23, 2011 (2011-09-23) 2.65[11]
51
2 "Leone's" Montclair, New Jersey September 30, 2011 (2011-09-30) 2.85[11]
52
3 "Mike & Nellie's" Oakhurst, New Jersey October 7, 2011 (2011-10-07) 3.45[11]
53
4 "Luigi's D'Italia" Anaheim, California October 14, 2011 (2011-10-14) 3.38[11]
54
– "Revisited No. 6" N/A October 21, 2011 (2011-10-21) N/A
Revisit at Down City, Classic American and Davide.
55
5 "Burger Kitchen, Part 1" Los Angeles, California November 4, 2011 (2011-11-04) 3.04[11]
56
6 "Burger Kitchen, Part 2" Los Angeles, California November 11, 2011 (2011-11-11) 2.99[11]
57
7 "The Greek at the Harbor" Ventura, California November 18, 2011 (2011-11-18) 3.75[11]
58
8 "Michon's" College Park, Georgia January 13, 2012 (2012-01-13) 2.89[11]
59
9 "El Greco" Austin, Texas January 20, 2012 (2012-01-20) 3.14[11]
60
– "Revisited No. 7" N/A January 27, 2012 (2012-01-27) N/A
Revisit at Spanish Pavilion, Kingston Cafe, Capri and La Frite.
61
10 "Park's Edge" Atlanta, Georgia February 3, 2012 (2012-02-03) 3.08[11]
62
11 "Spin-A-Yarn Steakhouse" Fremont, California February 10, 2012 (2012-02-10) 3.30[11]
63
12 "Charlie's" La Verne, California February 17, 2012 (2012-02-17) 3.31[11]
64
13 "Cafe Hon" Baltimore, Maryland February 24, 2012 (2012-02-24) 3.03[11]
65
14 "Chiarella's" Philadelphia, Pennsylvania March 23, 2012 (2012-03-23) 3.02[11]
66
15 "Zocalo" Philadelphia, Pennsylvania March 30, 2012 (2012-03-30) 3.05[11]
Season 6: 2012–13[edit]
In February 2012 the Fox network announced it renewed Kitchen Nightmares for a sixth season, which premiered on Friday, October 26, 2012.[12][13]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
67
1 "La Galleria 33, Part One" Boston, Massachusetts October 26, 2012 (2012-10-26) 3.07[14]
68
2 "La Galleria 33, Part Two" Boston, Massachusetts November 2, 2012 (2012-11-02) 2.90[14]
69
3 "Mama Maria's" Brooklyn, New York November 9, 2012 (2012-11-09) 2.99[14]
70
4 "Ms. Jean's Southern Cuisine" Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania November 16, 2012 (2012-11-16) 2.56[14]
71
5 "Barefoot Bob's" Hull, Massachusetts December 7, 2012 (2012-12-07) 2.84[14]
72
– "Revisited No. 8" N/A December 14, 2012 (2012-12-14) N/A
Revisit at Cafe Hon, Chiarella's and Leone's.
73
6 "Olde Hitching Post Restaurant & Tavern" Hanson, Massachusetts January 25, 2013 (2013-01-25) 3.15[14]
74
7 "Levanti's Italian Restaurant" Beaver, Pennsylvania February 1, 2013 (2013-02-01) 2.43[14]
Restaurant was renamed Levanti's American Bistro during production.
75
8 "Sam's Mediterranean Kabob Room" Monrovia, California February 15, 2013 (2013-02-15) 2.56[14]
76
9 "Nino's Italian Restaurant" Long Beach, California February 22, 2013 (2013-02-22) 2.42[14]
77
10 "Mill Street Bistro, Part 1" Norwalk, Ohio March 1, 2013 (2013-03-01) N/A
78
11 "Mill Street Bistro, Part 2" Norwalk, Ohio March 8, 2013 (2013-03-08) N/A
79
12 "Yanni's" Seattle, Washington March 15, 2013 (2013-03-15) N/A
80
13 "Prohibition Grille" Everett, Washington April 26, 2013 (2013-04-26) N/A
Restaurant was renamed Prohibition Gastropub during production.
81
14 "Chappy's" Nashville, Tennessee May 3, 2013 (2013-05-03) N/A
82
15 "Amy's Baking Company" Scottsdale, Arizona May 10, 2013 (2013-05-10) N/A
Because of the level of conflict with the restaurant owners, Ramsay leaves the restaurant without finishing, a first (and the only instance) in Kitchen Nightmares' history.
Season 7: 2014[edit]
Season 7 was originally set to premiere on February 28, 2014, but was delayed until April 11, 2014.[8]
No.
overall
No. in
season
Restaurant
Location
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
83
1 "Return to Amy's Baking Company" Scottsdale, Arizona April 11, 2014 (2014-04-11) 3.07[15]
Ramsay himself does not return to Amy's Baking Company (instead presenting the episode from the set of Hell's Kitchen), though a new, specially-recorded interview with the owners is conducted by local reporter Ana Garcia.
84
2 "Pantaleone's" Denver, Colorado April 11, 2014 (2014-04-11) 2.90[15]
85
3 "Old Neighborhood" Arvada, Colorado April 18, 2014 (2014-04-18) 2.99[16]
86
4 "Kati Allo" Queens, New York April 18, 2014 (2014-04-18) 2.56[16]
87
5 "Mangia Mangia, Pt. 1" Woodland Park, Colorado April 25, 2014 (2014-04-25) 2.84[17]
88
6 "Mangia Mangia, Pt. 2" Woodland Park, Colorado April 25, 2014 (2014-04-25) 3.15[17]
89
7 "Zayna Flaming Grill, Pt. 1" Redondo Beach, California May 2, 2014 (2014-05-02) 2.43[18]
90
8 "Zayna Flaming Grill, Pt. 2" Redondo Beach, California May 2, 2014 (2014-05-02) 2.56[18]
91
9 "Bella Luna" Easton, Pennsylvania May 16, 2014 (2014-05-16) 2.42[19]
92
– "Revisited No. 9" N/A September 12, 2014 (2014-09-12) 1.82[20]
Revisit at La Galleria 33, Olde Hitching Post and Prohibition Gastropub.
Lawsuit[edit]
In September 2007, a case was filed by Martin Hyde, the former general manager of Dillon's, against Ramsay for allegedly staging disasters and hiring actors to trick the viewing audience.[21] The case was dismissed and went into arbitration.[22]
Reception[edit]
Ginia Bellafante of the New York Times found Ramsay's teaching methods and high standards "undeniably hypnotic" and commented that "the thrill of watching Mr. Ramsay is in witnessing someone so at peace with his own arrogance."[23] Doug Elfman of the Chicago Sun-Times said the show is "a very entertaining public service" that "will make you laugh, make you sick and make you think".[24] Randy Cordova of the Arizona Republic found Ramsay "just as blustery and foul-mouthed here as he is on Hell's Kitchen. But he is also oddly endearing, mainly because he genuinely seems invested in the fate of each restaurant".[25]
Critics have commented that Fox's adaptation of Kitchen Nightmares strayed from the strengths of the original Channel 4 series. Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune said, "Leave it to Fox to take something the Brits did pretty well and muck it up". She added, "Never mind the cooking; this edition of the show appears to be more interested in playing up the family dramas at the restaurants Ramsay visits".[26] Robert Lloyd of the Los Angeles Times commented, "Whereas the British Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares is fundamentally a food show — it has interesting things to show you about how a restaurant runs and a kitchen works, the wonders of local markets and what you can make from them if you're Gordon Ramsay or willing to follow his instructions — the Fox edition emphasizes mishap, argument and emotional breakdown almost to the exclusion of cuisine".[27]
See also[edit]
Bar Rescue
Hotel Hell
Restaurant: Impossible
Restaurant Makeover
Restaurant Stakeout
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ The company was formerly Granada America and was re-branded in 2011.[3]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "FOX Broadcasting Company – Kitchen Nightmares TV Show – Kitchen Nightmares TV Series – Kitchen Nightmares Episode Guide". Fox.com. Archived from the original on September 25, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ Weinstein, Shelli (June 23, 2014). "Gordon Ramsay to End 'Kitchen Nightmares' Series in U.S. and U.K". Variety. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Granada America gets ITV rebrand". Variety. May 27, 2009. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
Jump up ^ "About the show". Kitchen Nightmares. FOX Broadcasting Company. 2011. Archived from the original on January 26, 2010. Retrieved July 21, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares". BBC America. Archived from the original on October 28, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Breaking News – Exclusive: "Nightmares" Gets Post-"Idol" Showcase". TheFutonCritic.com. October 27, 2010. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Breaking News – Exclusive: FOX Confirms State of the Union Plans". TheFutonCritic.com. October 27, 2010. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Shows A-Z – kitchen nightmares on fox". TheFutonCritic.com. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "WTVT: "'Kitchen Nightmares' casting call"". March 15, 2010. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Official Kitchen Nightmares website". fox.com. Archived from the original on October 11, 2012. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Kitchen Nightmares: ratings updated | canceled + renewed TV shows". TV Series Finale. May 13, 2013. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ Matt Webb Mitovich (October 4, 2012). "Fox Bumps Touch to Midseason; Kitchen Nightmares Returns to Fill Friday Gap". TVLine. Retrieved October 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (February 2, 2012). "'Kitchen Nightmares' renewed by Fox". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 27, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Kitchen Nightmares: latest ratings | canceled + renewed TV shows". TV Series Finale. May 17, 2014. Retrieved July 21, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Bibel, Sara (April 14, 2014). "Friday Final Ratings: 'Shark Tank,' 'Last Man Standing', 'The Neighbors' & '20/20' Adjusted Up; 'Grimm', 'Hannibal' & 'Blue Bloods' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 14, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Kondolojy, Amanda (April 21, 2014). "Friday Final Ratings: 'Last Man Standing' & 'Shark Tank' Adjusted Up; 'Hannibal' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Bibel, Sara (April 28, 2014). "Friday Final Ratings: 'Hawaii Five-0', 'Blue Bloods', 'Last Man Standing' & 'Shark Tank' Adjusted Up; 'Grimm, 'Hannibal' & 'Dateline' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Kondolojy, Amanda (May 5, 2014). "Friday Final Ratings: 'Shark Tank' Adjusted Up; 'Dateline', 'Grimm', 'Unforgettable' & Hannibal' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 19, 2014). "Friday Final Ratings: 'Shark Tank' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (September 15, 2014). "Friday Final Ratings: '48 Hours' Adjusted Up; 'Dateline' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on September 19, 2014. Retrieved September 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ Hines, Nico (June 20, 2007). "Gordon Ramsay's lawsuit nightmare". The Times. London. Retrieved December 20, 2009.
Jump up ^ Cornell, Kati (August 10, 2007). "TV Chef Out of Frying Pan". New York Post. Retrieved August 12, 2008.
Jump up ^ Bellafante, Ginia (September 19, 2007). "To Perk Up a Restaurant, Add Luster Where Lacking". The New York Times. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Something's rotten in our restaurants". Chicago Sun-Times. September 19, 2007. Archived from the original on March 16, 2008. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Fox cooks up delicious 'Nightmares'". Arizona Republic. September 19, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Another helping of celebrity chef Gordon Ramsay". Chicago Tribune. September 17, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
Jump up ^ Critic, Television (September 19, 2007). "'Kitchen Nightmares': Mishaps and emotion are main courses". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
General references
"Kitchen Nightmares Episodes on FOX". TV Guide. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
"Shows A-Z – kitchen nightmares on fox". the Futon Critic. Retrieved March 27, 2014.
"Kitchen Nightmares: Episode Guide". MSN TV. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
"Kitchen Nightmares: Episode Guide". Zap2it. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Kitchen Nightmares
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text:
Tsuki ga Kirei
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
as the moon, so beautiful.
Cover of the first Blu-ray volume for Tsuki ga Kirei.
月がきれい
(Tsuki ga Kirei)
Genre
Romance
Anime television series
Directed by
Seiji Kishi
Produced by
Ken Minami
Takema Okamura
Toshihiro Maeda
Hiroshi Kamei
Written by
Yūko Kakihara
Music by
Takurō Iga
Studio
Feel
Licensed by
NA
Crunchyroll (streaming)
Funimation (home video)
Original network
Tokyo MX, MBS, BS11, TVA
Original run
April 6, 2017 – June 29, 2017
Episodes
12 (List of episodes)
Anime and Manga portal
Tsuki ga Kirei (月がきれい, as the moon, so beautiful.[a]) is a 2017 Japanese romance anime television series produced by Feel. It aired from April 6, 2017[3] to June 29, 2017. Crunchyroll has licensed the series in North America.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Characters
2.1 Main
2.2 Class 3-1
2.3 Others
3 Production and development
4 Episode list
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Kotaro Azumi and Akane Mizuno became third year students at junior high school and are classmates for the first time. They’re put in charge of the equipment for the sports festival, and slowly grow closer via LINE. These two, along with fellow students, Chinatsu Nishio and Takumi Hira, relate to their peers through mutual understandings and feelings. As their final year at junior high school progresses, the group overcome their challenges to mature and become aware of changes in themselves.
Characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Kotarō Azumi (安曇 小太郎, Azumi Kotarō)
Voiced by: Shōya Chiba[4] (Japanese); Stephen Sanders[5] (English)
Student of class 3-1 who belongs to the literature club. He's aiming to become a novelist and respects Osamu Dazai. He generally has a calm and composed attitude. He initially is too embarrassed to show his novels to other people, but upon learning Akane's love for running and openness to use embarrassment as a method of improving oneself, he begins to open up to that prospect. From early childhood, Kotarō has received instruction in the performance of traditional dance and festival music accompaniment, Hayashi, at a local Shinto shrine. He secretly starts dating Akane, but later reveals this to Takumi.
When Akane is forced to move to Chiba due to her father's work, Kotarō tries to get into the same school as her, despite his parents' objections, but is unsuccessful. He is unable to see Akane off on her moving day, but publishes an online story promising to love her forever. Despite their long-distance relationship, they are shown to still get in contact and visit each other. The final shot at the end of the anime shows them married with a kid years later.
Akane Mizuno (水野 茜, Mizuno Akane)
Voiced by: Konomi Kohara[4] (Japanese); Apphia Yu[5] (English)
Student of class 3-1 who belongs to the track and field club. She's an easy going character, but can be self-conscious and timid at times. When feeling nervous, she would squeeze her potato mascot plushie. Akane moved to Kawagoe, Saitama when she was a fifth grader in Primary school. She secretly starts dating Kotarō, but later reveals this to Chinatsu and Takumi, who inform the class about that.
When she is forced to move to Chiba due to her father's work, she becomes anxious over her future relationship with Kotarō, but cheers him on as he tries to get into the same school as her. When Kotarō fails to get in, she again becomes anxious, but finds new hope when she reads his online story, which is a promise to love her forever. The final shot at the end of the anime shows them married with a kid years later.
Takumi Hira (比良 拓海, Hira Takumi)
Voiced by: Atsushi Tamaru[4] (Japanese); Daman Mills[5] (English)
The president of track and field club. He's been in love with Akane since first year.
Chinatsu Nishio (西尾 千夏, Nishio Chinatsu)
Voiced by: Rie Murakawa[4] (Japanese); Megan Shipman[5] (English)
One of Akane's best friends in track and field club who's easy going. She begins to catch feelings for Azumi.
Class 3-1[edit]
Roman Yamashina
Voiced by: Eishin Fudemura[6] (Japanese); Brandon McInnis[5] (English)
Kotarō's best friend who has easy going personality and constantly wanting to read Kotarō's novel, despite of the latter's rejection. He's in love with his homeroom teacher Ryōko and won't hesitate to show it.
Daichi Ogasawara
Voiced by: Makoto Kaneko[6]
Aira Miyamoto
Voiced by: Manaka Ishimi[6] (Japanese); Kristen McGuire[5] (English)
Akane's friend in class 3-1 who's belonged in the tennis club.
Setsuko Satō
Voiced by: Misono Suzuki[6] (Japanese); Kristi Rothrock[5] (English)
Akane's friend in class 3-1.
Miu Imazu
Voiced by: Haruka Chisuga[6] (Japanese); Bryn Apprill[5] (English)
Akane's friend in class 3-1.
Sakura Tanaka
Voiced by: Honoka Inoue[6]
Shō Nagahara
Voiced by: Yūya Hirose[6] (Japanese); Austin Tindle[5] (English)
Setsuko's boyfriend.
Yasuhito Inaba
Voiced by: Mark Ishii[6] (Japanese); Ben Phillips[5] (English)
Aoi Takizawa
Voiced by: Haruka Shiraishi[6] (Japanese); Felecia Angelle[5] (English)
Tsubasa Kaneko
Voiced by: Kentarō Kumagai[6] (Japanese); Aaron Dismuke[5] (English)
Daisuke Tachibana
Voiced by: Mutsuki Iwanaka[6] (Japanese); Ian Sinclair[5] (English)
Ryōko Sonoda
Voiced by: Nao Tōyama[6] (Japanese); Jamie Marchi[5] (English)
Class 3-1's homeroom teacher.
Others[edit]
Ryūnosuke Azumi
Voiced by: Kazuo Oka[6] (Japanese); Kent Williams[5] (English)
Junko Azumi
Voiced by: Kikuko Inoue[6] (Japanese); Alex Moore[5] (English)
Hiroshi Mizuno
Voiced by: Mitsuo Iwata[6] (Japanese); Sonny Strait[5] (English)
Saori Mizuno
Voiced by: Chiwa Saito[6] (Japanese); Monica Rial[5] (English)
Ayane Mizuno
Voiced by: Ryōko Maekawa[6] (Japanese); Morgan Garrett[5] (English)
Production and development[edit]
An original anime television series produced by Feel was announced in January 2017. Seiji Kishi directed the anime while Yūko Kakihara penned and supervised the series' scripts, and Kazuaki Morita adapted Loundraw's original character designs.[3] Takurō Iga and FlyingDog composed and produced the music, respectively, while Nagano served as the series' producer.[7] It aired on April 6, 2017 on Tokyo MX with further broadcasts on MBS, BS11 and TVA[8] then ended on June 29, 2017. Nao Tōyama sung both the opening and ending theme titled "Ima Koko" (イマココ) and "Tsuki ga Kirei" (月がきれい), respectively.[9] Tōyama also performed the insert song for episode 3, "Hatsukoi" (初恋).
Crunchyroll licensed the series and streamed it outside of Asia,[10] and Funimation dubbed the series and released it on home video in North America as part of their partnership with Crunchyroll.[11][12]
Episode list[edit]
No.
Title[b]
Original air date[13]
1
"Spring and Hard Times"
"Haru to Shura" (春と修羅) April 6, 2017
2
"A Handful of Sand"
"Ichiaku no Suna" (一握の砂) April 13, 2017
3
"Howling at the Moon"
"Tsuki ni Hoeru" (月に吠える) April 20, 2017
4
"Passing Shower"
"Tōriame" (通り雨) April 27, 2017
5
"Kokoro"
"Kokoro" (こころ) May 4, 2017
6
"Run, Melos!"
"Hashire Merosu" (走れメロス) May 11, 2017
6.5
"First Half: The Road So Far"
"Zenhanshō Dōtei" (前半抄「道程」) May 18, 2017
Recap of episodes 1–6.
7
"Hold Back Nothing When Taking Love"
"Oshiminaku Ai wa Ubau" (惜しみなく愛は奪う) May 25, 2017
8
"Vita Sexualis"
"Wita Sekusuarisu" (ヰタ・セクスアリス) June 1, 2017
9
"The Wind Rises"
"Kaze Tachinu" (風立ちぬ) June 8, 2017
10
"The Setting Sun"
"Shayō" (斜陽) June 15, 2017
11
"An Encouragement of Learning"
"Gakumon no Susume" (学問のすすめ) June 22, 2017
12
"And Then"
"Sorekara" (それから) June 29, 2017
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ While directly translated as "The Moon is Beautiful," the phrase "Tsuki ga Kirei Desu ne." (月が綺麗ですね。, lit. "The Moon is Beautiful, Isn't it?") is a famous Japanese way to say "I love you." The phrase was translated by Meiji-era novelist and teacher Natsume Sōseki since he believed that two people in love do not need direct words to convey their feelings.[1][2]
Jump up ^ All English titles are taken from Crunchyroll.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The moon is beautiful, isn't it?". ASAHI NIHONGO. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "オリジナルTVアニメ『月がきれい』が4月に放送決定". Animate Times (in Japanese). January 30, 2017. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Studio feel. Reveals Tsuki ga Kirei Original TV Anime Project for April". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Studio feel. Reveals Visual, Expanded Character Descriptions for Tsuki ga Kirei Original Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s "Funimation Announces English Dub Casts for Tsukigakirei, Tsugumomo Anime". Anime News Network. May 5, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Tsuki ga Kirei TV Anime Reveals Video, Visual, More Cast". Anime News Network. March 13, 2017. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Listed as producer at AnimeJapan 2017.
Jump up ^ "Studio feel.'s Tsuki ga Kirei TV Anime Premieres on April 6". Anime News Network. March 8, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "オリジナルTVアニメ『月がきれい』最新キービジュアル＆番宣PV公開＆主題歌決定など、5大ニュースをお届け！". アニメイトタイムズ (in Japanese). animateLAB Corporation. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Crunchyroll to Stream Tsukigakirei Anime". Anime News Network. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Funimation Announces English Dubs for 8 More Simulcast Titles, Brave Witches (Updated)". Anime News Network. April 25, 2017. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Crunchyroll, Funimation Outline Home Video Releases for elDLIVE, Tsukigarei, Tsugumomo, Clockwork Planet Anime". Anime News Network. February 17, 2018. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ "The Moon is Beautiful" (in Japanese). Tokyo MX. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website (in Japanese)
Tsuki ga Kirei (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
Tsuki ga Kirei on IMDb
[hide]
v
t
e
Works of Feel
TV series
2003–2010
Da Capo (2003)
Jinki: Extend (2005)
Futakoi Alternative (2005)
Da Capo: Second Season (2005)
Otome wa Boku ni Koishiteru (2006)
Nagasarete Airantō (2007)
Da Capo II (2007)
Da Capo II: Second Season (2008)
Shikabane Hime: Aka (2008)
Shikabane Hime: Kuro (2009)
Kanamemo (2009)
2010–2014
Kissxsis (2010)
Yosuga no Sora (2010)
Fortune Arterial: Akai Yakusoku (2010)
Mayo Chiki! (2011)
Listen to Me, Girls. I Am Your Father! (2012)
So, I Can't Play H! (2012)
Ketsuekigata-kun! (2013)
Minami-ke: Tadaima (2013)
Outbreak Company (2013)
Locodol (2014)
Jinsei (2014)
In Search of the Lost Future (2014)
2015–present
Ketsuekigata-kun! 2 (2015)
My Teen Romantic Comedy SNAFU TOO! (2015)
Bikini Warriors (2015)
Suzakinishi the Animation (2015)
Makura no Danshi (2015)
Ketsuekigata-kun! 3 (2015)
Dagashi Kashi (2016)
Please Tell Me! Galko-chan (2016)
Ketsuekigata-kun! 4 (2016)
This Art Club Has a Problem! (2016)
Tsuki ga Kirei (2017)
Hinamatsuri (2018)
Island (2018)
YU-NO: A Girl Who Chants Love at the Bound of this World (2018)
OVAs
Strait Jacket (2007–2008)
Kissxsis (2008–2015)
Minami-ke: Omatase (2012)
Minami-ke: Natsuyasumi (2013)
My Teen Romantic Comedy SNAFU TOO! (2016)
ONAs
Augmented Reality Girls Trinary (2017)
Category
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