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Tears in Heaven
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For the upcoming TV series, see Tears in Heaven (TV series).
"Tears in Heaven"
Single by Eric Clapton
from the album Rush: Music from the Motion Picture Soundtrack
B-side
"Tracks and Lines"
Released
January 8, 1992 (1992-01-08)
Format
Cassette single
CD single
7-inch single
12-inch single
Recorded
1991
Genre
Soft rock[1]
Length
4:30
Label
Warner Bros.
Songwriter(s)
Eric Clapton
Will Jennings
Producer(s)
Russ Titelman
Eric Clapton singles chronology
"Wonderful Tonight (live)"
(1991) "Tears in Heaven"
(1992) "Layla (acoustic version)"
(1992)
Music video
"Tears in Heaven" on YouTube
"Tears in Heaven" is a song by Eric Clapton and Will Jennings, from the 1991 Rush film soundtrack. In an interview with Sue Lawley in 1992, Clapton said of the song, "There is a song that I’ve written for a movie, but in actual fact it was in the back of my head but it didn’t really have a reason for being until I was scoring this movie which I did a little while ago and then it sort of had a reason to be. And it is a little ambiguous because it could be taken to be about Conor but it also is meant to be part of the film."[2] Conor, Clapton's four-year-old son, fell from a window of a 53rd-floor New York apartment owned by his mother's friend on March 20, 1991. Clapton arrived at the apartment shortly after the accident.[3]
The song was Clapton's best-selling single in the United States and reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100. It won three Grammy Awards for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male, Song of the Year, and Record of the Year. In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked "Tears in Heaven" 362nd on the magazine's list of "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time".
Contents
[hide]
1 Writing and inspiration
2 Awards and nominations
3 Commercial success
3.1 United States and Canada
3.2 Europe and Oceania
3.3 Asia and South America
4 Chart positions
4.1 Weekly charts
4.2 Year-end charts
4.3 Chart successions
5 Certifications
6 Other performances
7 References
8 External links
Writing and inspiration[edit]
The years following 1990 were extremely turbulent for Clapton. In August 1990, his manager, two of his roadies and his friend and fellow musician Stevie Ray Vaughan were killed in a helicopter accident. Seven months later, on March 20, 1991, Clapton's 4-year-old son Conor died after falling from the 53rd-floor window of his mother's friend's New York City apartment. He landed on the roof of an adjacent four-story building.[4] After isolating himself for a period, Clapton began working again, writing music for a movie about drug addiction called Rush. Clapton dealt with the grief of his son's death by co-writing "Tears in Heaven" with Will Jennings. Shortly after his single was released, he went on to the MTV Unplugged series and recorded a new version of the song.[5] Unplugged topped charts and was nominated for nine Grammy Awards the year it was released. Clapton made numerous public service announcements to raise awareness for childproofing windows and staircases.
In an interview with Daphne Barak, Clapton stated, "I almost subconsciously used music for myself as a healing agent, and lo and behold, it worked... I have got a great deal of happiness and a great deal of healing from music".[6]
In an interview, Will Jennings said:
"Eric and I were engaged to write a song for a movie called Rush. We wrote a song called 'Help Me Up' for the end of the movie... then Eric saw another place in the movie for a song and he said to me, 'I want to write a song about my boy.' Eric had the first verse of the song written, which, to me, is all the song, but he wanted me to write the rest of the verse lines and the release ('Time can bring you down, time can bend your knees...'), even though I told him that it was so personal he should write everything himself. He told me that he had admired the work I did with Steve Winwood and finally there was nothing else but to do as he requested, despite the sensitivity of the subject. This is a song so personal and so sad that it is unique in my experience of writing songs."[2]
Clapton stopped playing it in 2004, as well as the song "My Father's Eyes", stating: "I didn't feel the loss any more, which is so much a part of performing those songs. I really have to connect with the feelings that were there when I wrote them. They're kind of gone and I really don't want them to come back, particularly. My life is different now. They probably just need a rest and maybe I'll introduce them for a much more detached point of view."[7] Clapton eventually resurrected both songs for his 50th anniversary world tour in 2013.
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Ceremony
Award
Result
Ref.
1992
Billboard
Best-Selling Soundtrack Single Won [8]
Golden Globe Awards
Best Original Song Nominated [9]
MTV Movie Awards
Best Song from a Movie Nominated [10]
MTV Video Music Awards
Best Cinematography Nominated [11]
Best Male Video Won [12]
Best Video from a Film Nominated [13]
1993
Grammy Awards
Best Instrumental Composition Nominated [14]
Best Pop Vocal Performance Male Won [15]
Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media Nominated [16]
Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television Nominated [17]
Record of the Year Won [18]
Song of the Year Won [19]
2004
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll Won [20]
Rolling Stone
The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time #362 [21]
2015
About
Top 10 Best Songs of 1992 #5 [22]
Top 100 90s Pop Songs #81 [23]
Commercial success[edit]
United States and Canada[edit]
"Tears in Heaven" is Clapton's best-selling single in the United States today. With more than 2,800,000 copies sold – both physical and digital – it remains one of the best-selling pop singles of the 1990s and one of the best-selling singles, released by any non-American artist. The Reprise Records single reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 singles charts, where it charted for 26 weeks. It was kept from the number one spot by "Save the Best for Last" by Vanessa Williams. It is also Clapton's highest charting single on the Hot 100, after "I Shot the Sheriff", which is Clapton's only Hot 100 number one single to date.[24] While charting on Americas most important single chart, Clapton received several sales awards by the Billboard magazine, including a "Hot Shot Debut" and a "Power Pick/Sales" certificate.[25] After the physical single release was certified with a Gold disc by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on March 18, 1992,[26] the single was still selling about 150,000 copies every week.[25] On April 15, 1992, "Tears in Heaven" was a Platinum certification award for sales of more than 1,000,000 copies in the United States.[26] It topped the Top Single Sales chart, compiled by the Billboard magazine in 1992.[27] The release also topped Billboard magazines Adult Contemporary chart, on which "Tears in Heaven" charted for a total of 30 weeks,[28] and also became a number one single on the Top 100 Cashbox charts.[29] By the end of 1992, "Tears in Heaven" sold more than 2,300,000 copies in the United States alone.[30] The pop single also received a lot of airplay, charting 20 weeks on the Top Radio Songs chart, peaking at number three,[31] and reaching position nine on the Mainstream Rock Songs chart, where "Tears in Heaven" stayed for a total of 18 weeks.[32] Also, it was later the fourth-favourite recurrent airplay single, as the Billboard magazine reported in summer of 1992.[33] The 1992 single release was the 6th best-selling single recording in the United States that year, reachin number six on the Billboard year-end Hot 100 chart[34] as well as the 5th most successful Adult Contemporary release. It also ranked at number five on the Top Single Sales chart, compiled by the Billboard magazine and reached position 25 on the Top Radio Songs year-end chart in 1992.[35]
In Canada, the Reprise Records single release topped all of the three pop single sales chart in the country and is therefore Clapton's most successful single in Canada to date. The song reached the number one top position on both the Canadian Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks[36] and Top 100 Singles chart, compiled by the RPM magazine.[37] In addition to the already rare success, reaching number one on both of the charts, "Tears in Heaven" was also The Record magazines Top Retail selling single release.[38] Shortly after the single was released in Canada and topped all of these three record charts, it was certified with a double Platinum sales certification for physical sales exceeding 200,000 copies.[39] In 1992, "Tears in Heaven" was the 17th best-selling single on RPM magazines Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart.[40]
Europe and Oceania[edit]
The pop single release was especially successful in Europe, reaching the Top 10 in 12 countries and the Top 20 in 15 of them. The single charted at number three on the European Hot 100 Singles chart in 1992,[41] and was Europes 21st best-selling single of 1992.[42] In Austria, the physical single peaked at number 25 on the Ö3 Austria Top 40 singles chart, and eventually charted at number ten in week four, reaching its highest charting position in the country. In total, the single of "Tears in Heaven" spent 12 weeks on the nations single sales chart.[43] It was eventually certified with a Gold disc by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) in Austria[41] and reached number 61 on the country's year-end chart in 1992.[44] In Flanders (Belgium), the hit single release reached three different single charts. In 1992, the recording peaked at position 44 on Ultratops Top 50 single chart, and eventually reached its peak position, 16, in week four and five, while on chart for a total of ten weeks.[45] At that time, the single also peaked at number ten on the Belgian VRT Top 30 singles chart, where "Tears in Heaven" spent eight weeks on chart.[46]
In 2010, when a remastered physical edition of the single was released in Belgium, it reached number 16 on the Back Catalogue chart.[45] The song was Belgiums 159th best-selling single in 1992,[42] and certified with a Platinum disc for sales over 50,000 copies by the Belgian Entertainment Association.[47] In Denmark, "Tears in Heaven" topped the single sales chart and was certified Platinum for sales exceeding 10,000 copies by IFPI Denmark, as it spent a total of 29 weeks on chart.[48] In France, the single peaked at number two on the French singles chart, where it charted for 34 weeks. On chart week 28, it was certified with a Platinum award by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique (SNEP) for sales of more than 500,000 copies in the country.[49] In Germany, the single placed itself on its lowest charting position, number 42.[50] In total, the single charted for eleven weeks on the German singles chart,[51] and sold more than 170,000 both digital and physical copies to date.[41] "Tears in Heaven" topped[52] the single charts in Ireland and was certified with a Platinum disc by the Irish Recorded Music Association (IRMA), selling more than 50,000 copies in 1992, as it reached both of the year-end charts in 1992[53] and 1993 with positions five and 47.[54] In Italy, the single reached Top five positions as both a physical as well as a digital download single. In 1992, the single peaked at number four on the Italian single chart, compiled by Musica e dischi.[55] Later, the single re-entered the nations single chart as a digital download and streaming single, reaching number five on the charts, now compiled by the Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana (FIMI).
In addition, the digital single was certified with a Platinum disc, for sales and streams exceeding 30,000 units.[41] The single was a medium successful hit in the Netherlands. It reached position 17 on the Dutch Top 40 singles weekly chart, where it stayed for ten weeks,[56] and reached number 131 on the charts year-end compilation in 1992.[57] In addition, it also reached the Single Top 100 charts, peaking at number 13 and staying for 21 weeks on chart,[58] before placing itself on position 87 on the year-end Single 100 chart.[59] In Norway, the single topped the VG-lista singles chart in 1992,[41] exactly like it did in Poland, reaching the top spot on the Lista Przebojów Programu Trzeciego (LP3),[60] where it stayed for 16 weeks.[42] In Spain, the single charted at number seven on the nations single charts, and was eventually certified with a Gold disc, commemorating the sale of more than 25,000 copies in the country by the Productores de Música de España (PROMUSICAE).[41] In Sweden, "Tears in Heaven" reached number four on the Sverigetopplistan singles chart, where it spent a total of 30 weeks on chart.
In October 1992, it was presented with a Platinum sales award by the Swedish Recording Industry Association (GLF), when it exceeded 50,000 sold units in the country.[61] It reached number 86 on the 1992 Swedish year-end chart.[62] In Switzerland, the single was also a Top ten hit, peaking at number seven on the Schweizer Hitparade, where "Tears in Heaven" stayed for 15 weeks.[63] Here too, the single was presented with a Gold certification by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry, for sales exceeding 25,000 copies in Switzerland.[41] It was the 38th most-bought single in Switzerland in 1992.[64] "Tears in Heaven" was also a major success for Clapton in his home country, the United Kingdom. The single reached number five on the charts, compiled by the Official Charts Company and spent a total of 14 weeks on the British charts,[65] selling 140,000 copies in the first five weeks.[66] Shortly after, the single was certified with a Silver disc by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), for sales more than 200,000 copies in the country.[67] With total sales of more than 300,000 copies by the end of 1992,[68] "Tears in Heaven" reached number 39 on Great Britains 1992 year-end chart.[69]
In Australia, "Tears in Heaven" was a hit record, reaching number three on the ARIA charts in 1993, although the release did chart before at lower positions in Australia the previous year. In 1992, the pop Reprise Records single placed itself at number 102 on Australias year-end chart.[70] However, in 1993, it could generate far more single sales, become Australia's 28th best-selling single.[71] In 1993, the single release was also certified with a Platinum record sales certification by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for sales figures exceeding 70,000 physical units.[72] In New Zealand, the single topped the country's single chart for the first five weeks on chart, and spent a total of 18 weeks on the country's single sales chart.[73] On May 31, 1992 – just four weeks on chart in New Zealand – "Tears in Heaven" was certified with a Gold disc by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ), commemorating the sale of more than 7,500 copies in the country.[74]
Asia and South America[edit]
In Asia, "Tears in Heaven" was mostly successful in Japan, Taiwan and Macao. In the island country in East Asia, the single release peaked at number two on the Oricon Japanese Hot 100 Singles sales chart in February 1992.[75] In total, the Reprise Records single stayed thirty-seven weeks on the nation's Hot 100 single sales chart, compiled by Oricon.[42] Because "Tears in Heaven" was not released as a maxi single or part of a double A-side by Reprise or Warner Bros. Records in Japan, it was not eligible to chart on any other compilations. While charting in Japan in 1992, the pop single release was certified with a triple Platinum disc by the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ),[76] for sales overstepping the 300,000 sales mark. By the end of 1992, "Tears in Heaven" sold more than 389,000 units in Japan,[77] however, not more than 400,000 copies, quelling the quelling four a quadruple Platinum certification award.[76] For the year-end closing of Oricon, it was revealed, the 1992 single release was the fortieth best-selling release on the Hot 100 Singles chart.[42] On the summary of 1992's most-purchased international singles in Japan, "Tears in Heaven" reached number sixty-three.[76] In Taiwan, the digital single of the song reached the G-Music charts in 2007, where the release stayed a total of seventeen weeks and topped the nation's singles chart three times.[78] During that year, the Recording Industry of Taiwan (RIT), awarded the single release with a Gold disc, for digital download sales exceeding more than 175,000 units in the country.[41] On Taiwan's year-end chart of 2007, "Tears in Heaven" ranked at position seventy-seven.[79] In the special administrative region of Macao, the single was certified with a Gold disc by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry of Macao for single sales of more than 15,000 physical copies.[80]
"Tears in Heaven" is Clapton's commercially most successful single release in South America to date, as it reached the single sales charts of three different countries. In Argentina, the Reprise Records release topped the country's single charts, compiled by the Cámara Argentina de Productores de Fonogramas y Videogramas (CAPIF).[41] Also, the pop tune topped the singles chart in Brazil,[81] and reached the 1992 year-end charts, placing itself on number fourteen.[42] In Brazil, the single release was certified with a Platinum disc for physical sales of more than 250,000 copies.[81] It is Clapton's highest-selling single in Brazil, as "Change the World" was certified with a Gold disc,[82] and a rare certification for any physical single, as the worlds best-selling single "Candle in the Wind 1997" achieved similar sales figures.[81] At last, "Tears in Heaven" peaked at number eight on Asociación Colombiana de Productores de Fonogramas (ASINCOL)'s physical format singles chart in Colombia. It also reached number thirty-eight on the country's year-end chart of 1992, compiled by ASINCOL, and is Clapton's only charting single in the country.[83]
Chart positions[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1992–2013)
Peak
position
Argentina (CAPIF)[41]
1
Australia (ARIA)[70]
37
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[43]
10
Belgium (Back Catalogue Flanders)[45]
16
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[45]
16
Belgium (VRT Top 30 Flanders)[46]
10
Brazil (ABPD)[81]
1
Canadian Adult Contemporary (RPM)[36]
1
Canadian Retail Singles (The Record)[38]
1
Canadian Top Singles (RPM)[37]
1
Colombia (ASINCOL)[83]
8
Denmark (Tracklisten)[48]
1
Europe (European Hot 100)[41]
3
France (SNEP)[49]
2
Germany (Official German Charts)[50]
42
Iceland (IFPI)[84]
1
Ireland (IRMA)[52]
1
Italy (FIMI)[41]
5
Italy (Musica e dischi)[55]
4
Japan (Oricon Hot 100 Singles)[75]
2
Japan (Oricon International Singles)[76]
1
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[56]
17
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[58]
13
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[73]
1
Norway (VG-lista)[41]
1
Poland (LP3)[60]
1
Spain (AFYVE)[41]
7
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[61]
4
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[63]
7
Taiwan (G-Music)[78]
1
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[65]
5
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[28]
1
US Billboard Hot 100[24]
2
US Cashbox Top Singles[29]
1
US Mainstream Rock (Billboard)[32]
9
US Radio Songs (Billboard)[31]
3
US Recurrent Radio Songs (Billboard)[33]
4
US Top Singles Sales (Billboard)[27]
1
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1992)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[70]
102
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[44]
61
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[42]
159
Brazil (ABPD)[42]
14
Canadian Adult Contemporary (RPM)[40]
17
Colombia (ASINCOL)[83]
38
Europe (European Hot 100)[42]
21
Ireland (IRMA)[53]
5
Japan (Oricon Hot 100 Singles)[42]
40
Japan (Oricon International Singles)[76]
63
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[57]
131
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[59]
87
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[85]
6
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[62]
86
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[64]
38
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[69]
39
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[35]
5
US Billboard Hot 100[34]
6
US Radio Songs (Billboard)[35]
25
US Top Singles Sales (Billboard)[35]
5
Chart (1993)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[71]
28
Ireland (IRMA)[54]
47
Chart (2007)
Position
Taiwan (G-Music)[79]
77
Chart successions[edit]
Preceded by
"Stay" by Shakespears Sister
"Stay" by Shakespears Sister Republic of Ireland number one single
19 March 1992
2 April 1992 Succeeded by
"Stay" by Shakespears Sister
"Stay" by Shakespears Sister
Preceded by
"To Be with You" by Mr. Big Canada number one single
11–18 April 1992 Succeeded by
"Thought I'd Died and Gone to Heaven" by Bryan Adams
Preceded by
"Save the Best for Last" by Vanessa Williams Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one single
18 April – 2 May 1992 Succeeded by
"Hazard" by Richard Marx
Preceded by
"Save the Best for Last" by Vanessa Williams US Cash Box number-one single
18 April – 2 May 1992 Succeeded by
"Jump" by Kris Kross
Preceded by
"On a Sunday Afternoon" by L.S.O.B. New Zealand number-one single
10 May – 13 June 1992 Succeeded by
"Jump" by Kris Kross
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[72]
Platinum 70,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[41]
Gold 25,000*
Belgium (BEA)[47]
Platinum 50,000*
Brazil (Pro-Música Brasil)[81]
Platinum 250,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[39]
2× Platinum 200,000^
Denmark (IFPI Denmark)[48]
Platinum 10,000^
France (SNEP)[49]
Platinum 500,000*
Germany
170,000[41]
Ireland (IRMA)[53]
Platinum 50,000^
Japan (RIAJ)[76]
3× Platinum 389,000[77]
Macao (IFPI Macao)[80]
Gold 15,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[74]
Gold 5,000*
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[41]
Gold 25,000^
Sweden (GLF)[61]
Platinum 50,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[41]
Gold 25,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[67]
Silver 300,000[68]
United States (RIAA)[86]
Platinum 2,300,000[30]
Digital sales
Italy (FIMI)[41]
Platinum 30,000
Taiwan (RIT)[41]
Gold 175,000x
United Kingdom (BPI)[87]
Silver 200,000
United States (RIAA)[26]
Gold 500,000^
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone
Other performances[edit]
In 2005, Ozzy Osbourne and Sharon Osbourne assembled an all-star cast to collaborate on "Tears in Heaven".[88] Sales from the recording benefited the Disasters Emergency Committee's Tsunami Earthquake appeal and the tsunami victims in Southeast Asia. The line up included Gwen Stefani, Mary J. Blige, Pink, Slash, Duff "Rose" McKagan, Steven Tyler, Elton John, Phil Collins, Ringo Starr, Andrea Bocelli, Katie Melua, Josh Groban, Scott Weiland, Robbie Williams, and Rod Stewart. Ozzy Osbourne and Kelly Osbourne also sang on the song.[89] Loona also recorded a version of the song. In 2017, Beau Dermott recorded a cover of the song for her debut album, "Brave."
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Hawtin, Steve, Song Artist – Eric Clapton > Tears in Heaven, Tsort Music, retrieved November 12, 2015
^ Jump up to: a b "Austriancharts.at – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hits 1992 Österreich – Single-Chart" [Austrian Year-end Singles Chart 1992] (in German). Chartsurfer.de. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Ultratop.be – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Radio2 Top 30 Artiest: Eric Clapton". VRT Top 30 (in Dutch). Top30-2.radio2.be. Archived from the original on September 27, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Belgian single certifications – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven" (in Dutch). Belgian Entertainment Association. Archived from the original on November 12, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Danmarks officielle hitlister". Tracklisten (in Danish). IFPI Danmark og M&I Service. Archived from the original on November 13, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gustave, Heidé. Le Singles Platine de la Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique (1992) [Singles certified Platinum by the Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique in 1992] (in French) (9 ed.). Paris, France: Decoverts. Translated quote: 'Tears in Heaven' spent 34 weeks on the national french singles chart and peaked at number two, making it Eric Clapton's most popular single in France. It was requested to be certified Platinum on chart week 28 by Reprise (Warner) Records.
^ Jump up to: a b "Musicline.de – Clapton, Eric Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven (Single)". GfK Entertainment. Offizielle Deutsche Charts. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Tears in Heaven". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Martin, Fred (1993). Irish Top 50 Singles – 1992. Dublin, Ireland: Gallup Publishing Ireland.
^ Jump up to: a b Martin, Fred (1994). Irish Top 50 Singles – 1993. Dublin, Ireland: Gallup Publishing Ireland.
^ Jump up to: a b "M&D: Classifiche" [M&D: Charts] (in Italian). Italy: Musica e dischi. Search for Eric Clapton as the artist, then select the song "Tears in Heaven" to see the highest chart position. Retrieved November 12, 2015. (Registration required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b "Nederlandse Top 40 – Eric Clapton" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Top 40 Year-end – Jaargang 28, 1992" [Top 40 Dutch Year-end Single Charts 1992]. Dutch Top 40 (in Dutch). top40web.nl. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dutchcharts.nl – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jaaroverzichten – Single 1992" [Dutch Year-end Singles Chart 1992]. MegaCharts (in Dutch). Steffen Hung – Hung Medien. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Tears in Heaven – Eric Clapton". Lista Przebojów Programu Trzeciego (in Polish). Polskie Radio SA. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven – Sverigetopplistan". Grammofon Leverantörernas Förening (in Swedish). Swedish Recording Industry Association. Combined Single Sales. Sverigetopplistan Beta. Archived from the original on November 12, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Tracks hits 1992 – Melodier topp 100 – Tracks – Listor 1992 – Tracks" [Swedish Year-end Singles Chart 1992]. Sverigetopplistan (in Swedish). Sveriges Radio. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Swisscharts.com – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hits 1992 Schweiz – Single-Chart" [Swiss Year-end Singles Chart 1992] (in German). Chartsurfer.de. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "British Single Sales Shoot Up This Week" (PDF). Billboard Magazine. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. April 18, 1992. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Hoffmann, Frank (November 12, 2004). Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound. Taylor & Francis.
^ Jump up to: a b "Clapton, John And Bolan" (PDF). Billboard Magazine. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 104 (26). June 27, 1992. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hits 1992 UK – Single-Chart" [United Kingdom Year-end Singles Chart 1992] (in German). Chartsurfer.de. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ryan, Gavin (2009). The Complete ARIA Chart Book 1988–2008 > Top 100 Singles. Sydney, Australia: Australia's Music News Authority.
^ Jump up to: a b "ARIA Charts – End of Year Charts – Top 50 Singles 1993". Australian Recording Industry Association. aria.com.au. Archived from the original on March 30, 2010. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Australian single certifications – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Charts.org.nz – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "New Zealand single certifications – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hot 100 Chart 1992-02-04". Oricon Style (in Japanese). J-Wave Japan. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Tatsaku, Ren (2011). The Oricon Sales Report (in Japanese). Tokyo: Oricon Style – Recording Industry Association of Japan.
^ Jump up to: a b "黒部・白馬" [Single Sales]. Oricon Sales. JP&KIYO. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Eric Clapton – Tears In Heaven @ Top40-Charts.com – New Songs & Videos from 49 Top 20 & Top 40 Music Charts from 30 Countries". G-Music Top 10 Single Chart. top40-charts.com. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b 在2007年的數字下載. G-Music (G-音樂 G-yīnyuè) (in Chinese). 今年台灣音樂排行榜. 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b "Macao single certifications – Eric Clapton – Change the World" (in Chinese). International Federation of the Phonographic Industry of Macao. Archived from the original on June 29, 2015. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Gonçalves, Madalena (May 25, 1992). "Novas paradas de singles 25 de Maio de 1992" [New Single Charts May 25, 1992]. Folha de S. Paulo (in Portuguese). Luis Frias. Translated quote: This week's sales topper is "Tears in Heaven" by Eric Clapton. With Platinum sales in only one week, the single went up to the top slot, where it will probably stay for the next couple of weeks. It could be an international best-seller this year. […] Top Pop Single Award. (Reprise, Warner).
Jump up ^ Gomes, Adelar (October 21, 1997). "Eric Clapton é o primeiro colocado e ouro ainda com eles" [Eric Claton takes the number one and a Gold record just as well]. O Globo (in Portuguese). Roberto Irineu Marinho.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Clapton Hits the Colombian Charts" (PDF). Billboard Magazine. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 104 (52). December 26, 1992. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Vinsæidaiisti ísiands". Dagblaðið Vísir. 1992-03-27. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top Selling Singles of 1992". Recorded Music NZ. The Official New Zealand Music Chart. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Eric Clapton – Tears in Heaven". British Phonographic Industry. Enter Tears in Heaven in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "BBC NEWS | Entertainment | Music stars record tsunami single – Music stars including Sir Elton John and Phil Collins are recording a single in London on Thursday to raise money for the tsunami relief fund". BBC News. 2005-01-20. Retrieved 2015-07-30.
Jump up ^ "Tears In Heaven (2005) | Save the Children | MP3 Downloads 7digital United Kingdom". 7digital.com. 2005-10-18. Retrieved 2013-10-03.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[show]
v
t
e
Eric Clapton
Discography
Singles discography
Videography
Studio albums
Eric Clapton
461 Ocean Boulevard
There's One in Every Crowd
No Reason to Cry
Slowhand
Backless
Another Ticket
Money and Cigarettes
Behind the Sun
August
Journeyman
From the Cradle
Pilgrim
Reptile
Me and Mr. Johnson / Sessions for Robert J
Back Home
Clapton
Old Sock
I Still Do
Live albums
Eric Clapton's Rainbow Concert
E. C. Was Here
Just One Night
Time Pieces Vol.II Live in the Seventies
24 Nights
Unplugged
Crossroads 2: Live in the Seventies
One More Car, One More Rider
Live in San Diego
Compilations
The History of Eric Clapton
Eric Clapton at His Best
Clapton
Steppin' Out
Timepieces: The Best of Eric Clapton
Backtrackin'
The Cream of Eric Clapton
Crossroads
Story
The Cream of Clapton
Blues
Clapton Chronicles: The Best of Eric Clapton
Complete Clapton
Forever Man
Singles
"After Midnight" / "Easy Now"
"Blues Power" / "Bottle of Red Wine"
"Let It Rain"
"I Shot the Sheriff" / "Give Me Strength"
"Willie and the Hand Jive"
"Swing Low, Sweet Chariot"
"Knockin' on Heaven's Door"
"Hello Old Friend"
"Carnival"
"Lay Down Sally" / "Cocaine"
"Wonderful Tonight"
"Tulsa Time"
"Promises" / "Watch Out for Lucy"
"Early in the Morning (Live)"
"I Can't Stand It"
"I've Got a Rock 'n' Roll Heart"
"Crosscut Saw"
"Forever Man"
"It's in the Way That You Use It"
"Behind the Mask"
"Tearing Us Apart"
"Pretending" / "Before You Accuse Me"
"Hound Dog"
"Bad Love"
"Tears in Heaven" / "White Room (Live)"
"Layla (Acoustic)"
"Down & Out"
"Motherless Child" / "Driftin'"
"Change the World"
"Born in Time"
"Circus"
"My Father's Eyes"
"Pilgrim"
"Blue Eyes Blue"
"(I) Get Lost"
"Come Rain or Come Shine" / "Ten Long Years"
"3 O'Clock Blues"
"Key to the Highway"
"Worried Life Blues"
"I Ain't Gonna Stand for It"
"Every Little Thing" / "No Sympathy"
Soundtracks
Edge of Darkness
Homeboy
Rush
Concert films
Live 1986
The Cream of Eric Clapton
Live in Hyde Park
In Concert: A Benefit for the Crossroads Centre at Antigua
Sessions for Robert J
Crossroads Guitar Festival 2004
Live at Montreux 1986
Crossroads Guitar Festival 2007
Crossroads Guitar Festival 2010
Crossroads Guitar Festival 2013
Planes, Trains and Eric
Slowhand at 70 – Live at the Royal Albert Hall
Collaborations
Riding with the King
The Road to Escondido
Live from Madison Square Garden
Play the Blues: Live from Jazz at Lincoln Center
Crossroads Guitar Festival 2013
The Breeze: An Appreciation of JJ Cale
Tours
Journeyman World Tour
1992 Eric Clapton World Tour
Related
Blackie
Brownie
The Fool
Signature Stratocaster
Crossroads Centre
Crossroads Guitar Festival
Pattie Boyd (wife)
Ferrari SP12 EC
Va Bene
Wonderful Tonight: George Harrison, Eric Clapton, and Me
[show]
v
t
e
Grammy Award for Song of the Year
1959−1980
"Volare" – Domenico Modugno (songwriter) (1959)
"The Battle of New Orleans" – Jimmy Driftwood (songwriter) (1960)
"Theme from Exodus" – Ernest Gold (songwriter) (1961)
"Moon River" – Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini (songwriters) (1962)
"What Kind of Fool Am I?" – Leslie Bricusse & Anthony Newley (songwriters) (1963)
"Days of Wine and Roses" – Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini (songwriters) (1964)
"Hello, Dolly!" – Jerry Herman (songwriter) (1965)
"The Shadow of Your Smile" – Paul Francis Webster & Johnny Mandel (songwriters) (1966)
"Michelle" – John Lennon & Paul McCartney (songwriters) (1967)
"Up, Up, and Away" – Jimmy Webb (songwriter) (1968)
"Little Green Apples" – Bobby Russell (songwriter) (1969)
"Games People Play" – Joe South (songwriter) (1970)
"Bridge over Troubled Water" – Paul Simon (songwriter) (1971)
"You've Got a Friend" – Carole King (songwriter) (1972)
"The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" – Ewan MacColl (songwriter) (1973)
"Killing Me Softly with His Song" – Norman Gimbel & Charles Fox (songwriters) (1974)
"The Way We Were" – Alan and Marilyn Bergman & Marvin Hamlisch (songwriters) (1975)
"Send in the Clowns" – Stephen Sondheim (songwriter) (1976)
"I Write the Songs" – Bruce Johnston (songwriter) (1977)
"Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)" – Barbra Streisand & Paul Williams (songwriters) / "You Light Up My Life" – Joe Brooks (songwriter) (1978)
"Just the Way You Are" – Billy Joel (songwriter) (1979)
"What a Fool Believes" – Kenny Loggins & Michael McDonald (songwriters) (1980)
1981−2000
"Sailing" – Christopher Cross (songwriter) (1981)
"Bette Davis Eyes" – Donna Weiss & Jackie DeShannon (songwriters) (1982)
"Always on My Mind" – Johnny Christopher, Mark James & Wayne Carson (songwriters) (1983)
"Every Breath You Take" – Sting (songwriter) (1984)
"What's Love Got to Do with It" – Graham Lyle & Terry Britten (songwriters) (1985)
"We Are the World" – Michael Jackson & Lionel Richie (songwriters) (1986)
"That's What Friends Are For" – Burt Bacharach & Carole Bayer Sager (songwriters) (1987)
"Somewhere Out There" – James Horner, Barry Mann & Cynthia Weil (songwriters) (1988)
"Don't Worry, Be Happy" – Bobby McFerrin (songwriter) (1989)
"Wind Beneath My Wings" – Larry Henley & Jeff Silbar (songwriters) (1990)
"From a Distance" – Julie Gold (songwriter) (1991)
"Unforgettable" – Irving Gordon (songwriter) (1992)
"Tears in Heaven" – Eric Clapton & Will Jennings (songwriters) (1993)
"A Whole New World" – Alan Menken & Tim Rice (songwriters) (1994)
"Streets of Philadelphia" – Bruce Springsteen (songwriter) (1995)
"Kiss from a Rose" – Seal (songwriter) (1996)
"Change the World" – Gordon Kennedy, Wayne Kirkpatrick & Tommy Sims (songwriters) (1997)
"Sunny Came Home" – Shawn Colvin & John Leventhal (songwriters) (1998)
"My Heart Will Go On" – James Horner & Will Jennings (songwriters) (1999)
"Smooth" – Itaal Shur & Rob Thomas (songwriters) (2000)
2001−present
"Beautiful Day" – Adam Clayton, David Evans, Laurence Mullen & Paul Hewson (songwriters) (2001)
"Fallin'" – Alicia Keys (songwriter) (2002)
"Don't Know Why" – Jesse Harris (songwriter) (2003)
"Dance with My Father" – Richard Marx & Luther Vandross (songwriters) (2004)
"Daughters" – John Mayer (songwriter) (2005)
"Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own" – Adam Clayton, David Evans, Laurence Mullen & Paul Hewson (songwriters) (2006)
"Not Ready to Make Nice" – Emily Burns Erwin, Martha Maguire, Natalie Maines Pasdar & Dan Wilson (songwriters) (2007)
"Rehab" – Amy Winehouse (songwriter) (2008)
"Viva la Vida" – Guy Berryman, Jonathan Buckland, William Champion & Christopher Martin (songwriters) (2009)
"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" – Thaddis "Kuk" Harrell, Beyoncé Knowles, Terius Nash & Christopher Stewart (songwriters) (2010)
"Need You Now" – Dave Haywood, Josh Kear, Charles Kelley & Hillary Scott (songwriters) (2011)
"Rolling in the Deep" – Adele Adkins & Paul Epworth (songwriters) (2012)
"We Are Young" – Jack Antonoff, Jeff Bhasker, Andrew Dost & Nate Ruess (songwriters) (2013)
"Royals" – Joel Little & Ella Yelich O'Connor (songwriters) (2014)
"Stay with Me" (Darkchild version) – James Napier, William Phillips & Sam Smith (songwriters) (2015)
"Thinking Out Loud" – Ed Sheeran & Amy Wadge (songwriters) (2016)
"Hello" – Adele Adkins & Greg Kurstin (songwriters) (2017)
"That's What I Like" – Christopher Brody Brown, James Fauntleroy, Philip Lawrence, Bruno Mars, Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip (songwriters) (2018)
[show]
v
t
e
Grammy Award for Record of the Year
1959−1980
"Nel Blu Dipinto Di Blu (Volare)" by Domenico Modugno (1959)
"Mack the Knife" by Bobby Darin (1960)
"Theme from A Summer Place" by Percy Faith (1961)
"Moon River" by Henry Mancini (1962)
"I Left My Heart in San Francisco" by Tony Bennett (1963)
"Days of Wine and Roses" by Henry Mancini (1964)
"The Girl from Ipanema" by Astrud Gilberto & Stan Getz (1965)
"A Taste of Honey" by Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass (1966)
"Strangers in the Night" by Frank Sinatra (1967)
"Up, Up and Away" by The 5th Dimension (Billy Davis, Jr., Florence LaRue, Marilyn McCoo, Lamont McLemore, Ron Townson) (1968)
"Mrs. Robinson" by Simon & Garfunkel (Art Garfunkel, Paul Simon) (1969)
"Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In" by The 5th Dimension (Billy Davis, Jr., Florence LaRue, Marilyn McCoo, Lamont McLemore, Ron Townson) (1970)
"Bridge over Troubled Water" by Simon & Garfunkel (Art Garfunkel, Paul Simon) (1971)
"It's Too Late" by Carole King (1972)
"The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" by Roberta Flack (1973)
"Killing Me Softly with His Song" by Roberta Flack (1974)
"I Honestly Love You" by Olivia Newton-John (1975)
"Love Will Keep Us Together" by Captain & Tennille (Daryl Dragon, Toni Tennille) (1976)
"This Masquerade" by George Benson (1977)
"Hotel California" by Eagles (Don Felder, Glenn Frey, Don Henley, Randy Meisner, Joe Walsh) (1978)
"Just the Way You Are" by Billy Joel (1979)
"What a Fool Believes" by The Doobie Brothers (Jeffrey Baxter, John Hartman, Keith Knudsen, Michael McDonald, Tiran Porter, Patrick Simmons) (1980)
1981−2000
"Sailing" by Christopher Cross (1981)
"Bette Davis Eyes" by Kim Carnes (1982)
"Rosanna" by Toto (Bobby Kimball, Steve Lukather, David Paich, Jeff Porcaro, David Hungate, Steve Porcaro) (1983)
"Beat It" by Michael Jackson (1984)
"What's Love Got to Do with It" by Tina Turner (1985)
"We Are the World" by USA for Africa (1986)
"Higher Love" by Steve Winwood (1987)
"Graceland" by Paul Simon (1988)
"Don't Worry, Be Happy" by Bobby McFerrin (1989)
"Wind Beneath My Wings" by Bette Midler (1990)
"Another Day in Paradise" by Phil Collins (1991)
"Unforgettable" by Natalie Cole with Nat King Cole (1992)
"Tears in Heaven" by Eric Clapton (1993)
"I Will Always Love You" by Whitney Houston (1994)
"All I Wanna Do" by Sheryl Crow (1995)
"Kiss from a Rose" by Seal (1996)
"Change the World" by Eric Clapton (1997)
"Sunny Came Home" by Shawn Colvin (1998)
"My Heart Will Go On" by Celine Dion (1999)
"Smooth" by Santana (Rodney Holmes, Tony Lindsay, Karl Perazzo, Raul Rekow, Benny Rietveld, Carlos Santana, Chester Thompson) featuring Rob Thomas (2000)
2001−present
"Beautiful Day" by U2 (Bono, Adam Clayton, The Edge, Larry Mullen Jr.) (2001)
"Walk On" by U2 (Bono, Adam Clayton, The Edge, Larry Mullen Jr.) (2002)
"Don't Know Why" by Norah Jones (2003)
"Clocks" by Coldplay (Guy Berryman, Jon Buckland, Will Champion, Phil Harvey, Chris Martin) (2004)
"Here We Go Again" by Ray Charles and Norah Jones (2005)
"Boulevard of Broken Dreams" by Green Day (Billie Joe Armstrong, Mike Dirnt, Frank Edwin Wright III) (2006)
"Not Ready to Make Nice" by Dixie Chicks (Martie Maguire, Natalie Maines, Emily Robison) (2007)
"Rehab" by Amy Winehouse (2008)
"Please Read the Letter" by Alison Krauss and Robert Plant (2009)
"Use Somebody" by Kings of Leon (Caleb Followill, Jared Followill, Matthew Followill, Nathan Followill) (2010)
"Need You Now" by Lady Antebellum (Hillary Scott, Charles Kelley, Dave Haywood) (2011)
"Rolling in the Deep" by Adele (2012)
"Somebody That I Used to Know" by Gotye featuring Kimbra (2013)
"Get Lucky" by Daft Punk featuring Pharrell Williams & Nile Rodgers (2014)
"Stay with Me" (Darkchild version) by Sam Smith (2015)
"Uptown Funk" by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars (2016)
"Hello" by Adele (2017)
"24K Magic" by Bruno Mars (2018)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tears_in_Heaven&oldid=835553130"
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Songs about children
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Problem statement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A problem statement is a concise description of an issue to be addressed or a condition to be improved upon. It identifies the gap between the current (problem) state and desired (goal) state of a process or product. Focusing on the facts, the problem statement should be designed to address the 5 W’s – who, what, where, when, and why. The first condition of solving a problem is understanding the problem, which can be done by way of a problem statement.[1]
Problem statements are widely used by businesses and organizations to execute process improvement projects. A simple and well-defined problem statement will be used by the project team to understand the problem and work toward developing a solution. It will also provide management with specific insights into the problem so that they can make appropriate project-approving decisions. As such, it is crucial for the problem statement to be clear and unambiguous.[2]
Contents
1 Purpose
2 Defining the problem
3 Writing the problem statement
4 Example
5 References
Purpose[edit]
The main purpose of the problem statement is to identify and explain the problem. This includes describing the existing environment, where the problem occurs, and what impacts it has on users, finances, and ancillary activities.[3] Additionally, the problem statement is used to explain what the expected environment looks like. Defining the desired condition provides an overall vision for the process or product. It makes clear the purpose for initiating the improvement project and the goals that it is meant to accomplish.[4]
Another important function of the problem statement is to be used as a communication device. It helps with obtaining buy-in from those involved in the project.[3] Before the project begins, the stakeholders verify the problem and goals are accurately described in the problem statement. Once this approval is received, the project team reviews it to ensure everyone understands the issue at hand and what they are trying to accomplish. This also helps define the project scope, which keeps the project concentrated on the overall goal.[5]
The problem statement is referenced throughout the project to establish focus within the project team and verify they stay on track. At the end of the project, it is revisited to confirm the implemented solution indeed solves the problem. A well-defined problem statement can also aid in performing root-cause analysis to understand why the problem occurred and ensure measures can be taken to prevent it from happening in the future.[2]
It is important to note that the problem statement does not define the solution or methods of reaching the solution. The problem statement simply recognizes the gap between the problem and goal states. It can be said that, “a problem well stated is half solved.”[4] However, there are often multiple, viable solutions to a problem. Only after the problem statement is written and agreed upon should the solution(s) be discussed and the resulting course of action determined.[6]
Defining the problem[edit]
Before the problem statement can be crafted, the problem must be defined. It is human nature to want to begin working on a solution as soon as possible and neglecting the definition of the true problem to be solved. However, a poorly defined problem increases the risk of implementing a solution that does not fully meet the expected results. A problem cannot be solved if it is not completely understood.[7]
The process of defining the problem is often a group effort. It starts with meeting with the stakeholders, customers, and/or users affected by the issue (if possible) and learning about their pain points.[8] Since people often struggle with effectively communicating their issues, particularly to someone outside of the process, it is helpful to ask a series of “why” questions until the underlying reasoning is identified. This method, known as the “5 Why’s”, helps drill down to the core problem as many of the experienced frustrations could be mere symptoms of the actual problem.[6] Asking these additional questions as well as paraphrasing what the stakeholder had said demonstrates a degree of empathy and understanding of the problem.[5]
The information collected from these initial interviews is only one part of problem analysis. Many times the problem extends to multiple areas or functions to which the stakeholders, customers, and users are unaware. They may also be familiar with what is happening on the surface but not necessarily the underlying cause. Therefore, it is just as essential to gather knowledge, information, and insights from project team members and subject matter experts concerning the problem.[8] Additional research materials, including work instructions, user manuals, product specifications, workflow charts, and previous project plans may also need to be consulted. Like most other stages in the process improvement project, defining the problem is often iterative as several rounds of discussions may be needed to get the full picture.[2]
Once the problem is understood and the circumstances driving the project initiation are clear, it is time to write the problem statement.
Writing the problem statement[edit]
The problem statement will be used to gain project support and approval from stakeholders. As such, it must be action-oriented.[3] More importantly, the problem statement must be written clearly and accurately in order to deliver successful results. A poorly crafted or incorrect problem statement will lead to a faulty solution, as well as wasted time, money, and resources.[1]
There are several basic elements that can be built into every problem statement to decrease the risk of project failure. First, the problem statement must focus on the end user. A common mistake is focusing on “how” a problem will be solved rather than the current gap. Second, the problem statement shouldn’t be too broad. A benefit of using the “5 Why’s” approach is that it avoids over-simplicity by providing the details needed for understanding the problem and developing an appropriate solution. Finally, the problem statement shouldn’t be too narrow. Solution-bias stifles the creativity that arises while brainstorming a solution, which may result in a less-than-optimal experience for the user.[8]
It is useful to design and follow a specific format when writing a problem statement. While there are several options for doing this, the following is a simple and straightforward template often used in Business Analysis to maintain focus on defining the problem.
IDEAL: This section is used to describe the desired or “to be” state of the process or product. It identifies the goals of the stakeholders and customers as well as assists in defining scope. At large, this section should illustrate what the expected environment would look like once the solution is implemented.
REALITY: This section is used to describe the current or “as is” state of the process or product. It explains the pain points expressed by the stakeholders and customers. It should also include the insights and expertise of the project team and subject matter experts provided during problem analysis.
CONSEQUENCES: This section is used to describe the impacts on the business if the problem is not fixed or improved upon. This includes costs associated with loss of money, time, productivity, competitive advantage, and so forth. The magnitude of these effects will also help determine the priority of the project.
PROPOSAL: This section is used to describe potential solutions. Once the ideal, reality, and consequences sections have been completed, understood, and approved, the project team can start offering options for solving the problem. It can also include suggestions by the stakeholders and customers, although further discussions and research will be needed before a specific course of action can be determined.[7]
Following this format will result in a workable document that can be used by all parties to understand the problem and elicit requirements that will lead to a winning solution.
Example[edit]
Problem statements can vary in length, depending on the complexity of the problem. The following is an example of a simple problem statement for the creation of a Single Sign On capability:
IDEAL
Ideally our users would be able sign into their laptops and then automatically have access to all of the applications they need to use.
REALITY
In reality we use at least three applications every day to accomplish our work. Each application is protected by a password with different requirements for username & password length. Passwords also expire at different times.
CONSEQUENCES
Users waste approximately 2 minutes per day logging into multiple applications (500 users * 2 minutes per day = 1000 minutes in lost productivity; 1000 minutes = 16.67 hrs per day * $75/hr = $1250 per day).
Helpdesk resolves approximately 6000 calls per year to reset forgotten passwords & unlock accounts.
Security risk as users will continue to write usernames & passwords on sticky notes at their desks.
PROPOSAL
Have S/W Dev, Network Administration and business stakeholders collaborate to evaluate potential solutions for a Single Sign On capability.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Kush, Max (June 2015). "The Statement Problem". Quality Progress. 48 (6).
^ Jump up to: a b c Annamalai, Nagappan; Kamaruddin, Shahrul; Azid, Ishak Abdul; Yeoh, TS (September 2013). "Importance of Problem Statement in Solving Industry Problems". Applied Mechanics and Materials. Zurich. 421 – via ProQuest.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gygi, Craig; DeCarlo, Neil; Williams, Bruce (2015). Six sigma for dummies. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 76–78.
^ Jump up to: a b Lindstrom, Chris (2011-04-24). "How To Write A Problem Statement". www.ceptara.com. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
^ Jump up to: a b Perry, Randy; Bacon, David (2010). Commercializing Great Products with Design for Six Sigma. Prentice Hall. p. 18.
^ Jump up to: a b Shaffer, Deb (2017-07-12). "How to Write a Problem Statement". ProProject Manager. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
^ Jump up to: a b Shaffer, David (2015-12-21). "Cooking Up Business Analysis Success". BA Times. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
^ Jump up to: a b c Widen, Steven (2018-04-02). "Take These Steps To Define Your UI/UX Problem And Avoid Haphazard Changes". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-04-10.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Problem_statement&oldid=863388053"
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