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National Lampoon's Vacation
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"Wally World" redirects here. For The retail store, see Walmart.
This article is about the original film. For the entire series, see National Lampoon's Vacation (film series).
National Lampoon's Vacation
Theatrical release poster
by Boris Vallejo
Directed by
Harold Ramis
Produced by
Matty Simmons
Written by
John Hughes
Based on
"Vacation '58"
by John Hughes
Starring
Chevy Chase
Beverly D'Angelo
Imogene Coca
Randy Quaid
John Candy
Christie Brinkley
Music by
Ralph Burns
Cinematography
Victor J. Kemper
Edited by
Pembroke J. Herring
Distributed by
Warner Bros.
Release date
July 29, 1983 (1983-07-29)
Running time
98 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$15 million
Box office
$61.4 million[2]
National Lampoon's Vacation, sometimes referred to as Vacation, is a 1983 American road comedy film directed by Harold Ramis and starring Chevy Chase, Beverly D'Angelo, Randy Quaid, Dana Barron, and Anthony Michael Hall. John Candy, Imogene Coca, Christie Brinkley, and a young Jane Krakowski appear in supporting roles. The screenplay was written by John Hughes, based on his short story "Vacation '58" which appeared in National Lampoon.
The film was a box-office hit, earning more than $60 million in the US with an estimated budget of $15 million, and received positive reviews from critics. As a result of its success, four sequels have been produced over the last three decades: European Vacation (1985), Christmas Vacation (1989), Vegas Vacation (1997), and most recently, Vacation (2015) which serves as both a reboot and a continuation. In 2000, readers of Total Film voted it the 46th greatest comedy film of all time. In August 2015 was listed as the best film in the Vacation film series by Daniel Cohen.[3][4] It continues to be a cult film and a staple on cable television.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Filming
3.2 Walley World
3.3 Wagon Queen Family Truckster
3.4 Music
4 Release
4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical reception
5 Home media
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Chicago food chemist Clark Griswold, wanting to spend more time with his wife Ellen and children Rusty and Audrey, decides to lead the family on a cross-country expedition from the Chicago suburbs to the southern California amusement park Walley World, billed as "America's Favorite Family Fun Park." Ellen wants to fly, but Clark insists on driving, so he can bond with his family. He has ordered a new car in preparation for the trip, but the dealer claims that it will not be ready for six weeks. Clark is forced to accept a Wagon Queen Family Truckster, an ugly, out-sized station wagon, as the car he brought to trade in has already been hauled away and crushed.
During the family's travels, they run into numerous mishaps, such as being tagged by vandals in a rundown area of St. Louis,[5] while Clark is tantalized numerous times by a beautiful young woman driving a flashy red 1983 Ferrari. They stop in Coolidge, Kansas to visit Ellen's cousin Catherine and her husband Eddie, who foist cranky Aunt Edna and her mean dog Dinky on the Griswolds, asking them to drop her off at her son Norman's home in Phoenix.
After stopping at a decrepit and dirty campground in Colorado for the night, Clark forgets to untie Dinky's leash from the bumper before driving off the next morning, unintentionally killing Dinky. A state trooper pulls the Griswolds over and angrily lectures Clark over animal cruelty but accepts Clark's apology; Edna learns of Dinky's death, and becomes irate with Clark. Exiting Colorado, Ellen loses her bag which had her credit cards, forcing Clark to have to cash a check for future spending.
While Ellen and Clark argue during a drive between Utah and Arizona, they crash and become stranded in the desert. After setting off alone in the desert to look for help, Clark eventually reunites with his family, who have been rescued and taken to a local mechanic. The mechanic extorts the remainder of Clark's cash only to make the car barely operational. Frustrated, they stop at the Grand Canyon; when Clark cannot convince a hotel clerk to cash a personal check because HIS credit card was reported stolen, he takes cash from the cash register behind the clerk's back and leaves the check. Leaving, they find that Aunt Edna has passed away in her sleep. They tie Aunt Edna to the roof of the car, wrapped in a tarpaulin.
When they reach Norman's home, they discover he is out of town and leave Edna's body at the back door. Having enough of the road-trip and of the mishaps they encountered, Ellen and the children want to go back home, but Clark has become obsessed in reaching Walley World and they continue on. After an argument with Ellen, Clark eventually meets the Ferrari-driving blonde beauty at a hotel and goes skinny-dipping with her in its pool, but they are discovered by the family before anything untowards can transpire. Ellen forgives Clark, and the couple goes skinny-dipping as well.
Despite the family's misfortunes, they finally arrive the next day, only to find that the park is closed for the next two weeks for repairs. Finally slipping into madness and realizing that all his efforts have been for nothing, Clark buys a realistic-looking BB gun and demands that park security guard Russ Lasky take them through Walley World; Ellen and the kids follow, attempting to placate Clark. Eventually, an LAPD SWAT team arrives, along with park owner Roy Walley. Roy understands Clark's impassioned longing to achieve the perfect vacation, bringing back memories of his own family's vacation headaches. He decides not to file criminal charges against the Griswolds and lets the family – and the SWAT team – enjoy the park as his guests.
Cast[edit]
Chevy Chase as Clark W. Griswold
Beverly D'Angelo as Ellen Griswold
Imogene Coca as Aunt Edna
Anthony Michael Hall as Russell "Rusty" Griswold
Dana Barron as Audrey Griswold
Randy Quaid as Cousin Eddie
Miriam Flynn as Ellen's cousin Catherine
Christie Brinkley as the Girl in Red Ferrari
John Candy as Russ Lasky
Eddie Bracken as Roy Walley
Brian Doyle-Murray as Kamp Komfort clerk
James Keach as Motorcycle cop
Eugene Levy as Ed the car salesman
Frank McRae as Grover
Jane Krakowski as Cousin Vicki
John P. Navin Jr. as Cousin Dale
Production[edit]
During the Chicago Blizzard of 1979, writer John Hughes began developing a short story entitled "Vacation '58" for an issue of the National Lampoon. While the story ended up being bumped from the initial vacation-themed issue, it was eventually published in September 1979 and subsequently optioned by Warner Bros.[6] "When I brought it to Hollywood, the first guy I brought it to was Jeff Katzenberg who was at Paramount," recalled producer Matty Simmons, who worked as a publisher at the National Lampoon. "He said it would never make a movie, it was too episodic, too consequential. I said, 'Yeah, it's a road trip. It's supposed to be episodic. You go from town to town, place to place.' But he didn’t like it, so then my agent brought it to Warner Brothers, and I met with them. Most of them said the same thing, but there was one executive over there—a guy named Mark Canton—who really pulled for it and it got made."[7] Upon Simmons' agreement with Warner Bros., Hughes was assigned the task of adapting his original story into a screenplay.[8]
Filming[edit]
Parts of the film were shot in Monument Valley, Utah, Flagstaff, Sedona, and the Grand Canyon in Arizona, Arcadia and Magic Mountain in California, and St. Louis, Missouri.[9]
Walley World[edit]
In Hughes' original short story, the theme park was Disneyland. To avoid legal troubles, all of the names associated with Disneyland were altered to sound-alikes. For instance, the park became Walley World, itself a good-natured parody of the Anaheim location, and the mascot, Marty Moose, is reminiscent of Walt Disney's own Mickey Mouse.[6] Similarly, Roy Walley's appearance bears similarities to that of Disney and his name is similar to that of his brother Roy Disney.[citation needed].
In the film, the Walley World theme park is represented by Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California and Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia, California. Santa Anita Park's large parking lot and blue-tinged fascia served as the exterior of Walley World, while all park interior scenes were shot at Magic Mountain.[10] The two roller coasters seen in the film are The New Revolution, which can be recognized by the vertical loop, and Colossus, the double-track wooden roller coaster.
The movie's popularity gave rise to an ongoing cultural running gag of using the name "Wally World" (spelled as "Wally" without an "e") as a nickname for real-life retailer Walmart. [11]
Wagon Queen Family Truckster[edit]
Wagon Queen Family Truckster
The Wagon Queen Family Truckster station wagon was created specifically for the film. It is based on a 1979 Ford LTD Country Squire station wagon.[12] The car was designed by George Barris, and it lampooned American cars of the late 1970s. The Truckster features a pale avocado metallic green paint scheme; extensive imitation wood-paneling decals; eight headlights (the second pair was taken from another Crown Victoria/Country Squire and mounted upside-down below the stock pair); a grille area largely covered by bodywork with only two small openings close to the bumper; an oddly-placed fuel filler door; and an airbag made from a trashcan liner.[13]
In the 2015 film Vacation (a sequel to the original), the Wagon Queen Family Truckster reappears at the bed-and-breakfast garage of Clark and Ellen Griswold. The Truckster used in this later film is the creation of Lisa and Steve Griswold, a real-life family living in Atlanta, who created the replica wagon to take family trips with their two daughters. In July 2014, the real-life Griswolds drove across the United States, visiting the locations seen in the original film, and ended their journey on the 31st anniversary of the film at Walley World (Six Flags Magic Mountain), so they could ride the Colossus before Six Flags' planned closure of the roller coaster.[14]
Music[edit]
The musical score for National Lampoon's Vacation was composed by Ralph Burns, featuring original songs by Lindsey Buckingham. A soundtrack album was released in 1983 by Warner Bros. Records.[15] While the album did not chart, Buckingham's single "Holiday Road" reached number 82 on the Billboard Hot 100.
"Holiday Road" – Lindsey Buckingham
"Mister Blue" – The Fleetwoods
"Blitzkrieg Bop" – Ramones
"Deep River Blues" – Ralph Burns
"Summer Hearts" – Nicolette Larson
"Little Boy Sweet" – June Pointer
"The Trip (Theme from Vacation)" – Ralph Burns
"He's So Dull" – Vanity 6
"Christie's Song" – Ralph Burns
"Dancin' Across the USA" – Lindsey Buckingham
Release[edit]
Box office[edit]
National Lampoon's Vacation opened theatrically in 1,175 venues on July 29, 1983 and earned $8,333,358 in its opening weekend, ranking number one at the domestic box office.[16] The film grossed $61,399,552.[2]
Critical reception[edit]
The film received positive reviews from critics. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 93% rating based on 43 reviews. The site's consensus reads, "Blessed by a brilliantly befuddled star turn from Chevy Chase, National Lampoon's Vacation is one of the more consistent – and thoroughly quotable – screwball comedies of the 1980s."[17] Metacritic reports a 60 out of 100 rating based on six critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[18] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "C+" on an A+ to F scale; the company's founder said in 2016, "I loved it ... I couldn't figure out for anything why people didn't love that more".[19]
Janet Maslin of The New York Times gave the film a positive review, saying, "National Lampoon's Vacation, which is more controlled than other Lampoon movies have been, is careful not to stray too far from its target. The result is a confident humor and throwaway style that helps sustain the laughs – of which there are quite a few."[20] Entertainment magazine Variety called the film "an enjoyable trip through familiar comedy landscapes" and praised "director Harold Ramis for populating the film with a host of well-known comedic performers in passing parts."[21] Conversely, Richard Rayner of Time Out magazine said, "The visual gags come thick and fast, and are about as subtly signposted as the exit markers on a freeway. An exercise in the comedy of humiliation which is the stuff of shamefaced giggles."[22]
Home media[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
National Lampoon's Vacation was first released on VHS, Betamax, Laserdisc, and CED in late 1983. It was later released again on VHS in 1986, 1991, 1995 and 1999. It was first released on DVD in 1997. The DVD was presented in an open-matte full screen presentation. Its only feature was the film's theatrical trailer. A 20th anniversary DVD was released in 2003. It included an anamorphic widescreen transfer. Its bonus features included an audio commentary with director Harold Ramis, producer Matty Simmons, and stars Chevy Chase, Anthony Michael Hall, Dana Barron, and Randy Quaid. It also included an introduction with Chase, Simmons, and Quaid, a family truckster interactive featurette gallery, and the film's theatrical trailer. A Blu-ray was released in 2013. It included the same features from the 20th Anniversary DVD and included the A&E documentary: Inside Story: National Lampoon's Vacation.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "NATIONAL LAMPOON'S VACATION (15)". British Board of Film Classification. August 16, 1983. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "National Lampoon's Vacation (1983)". Box Office Mojo. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Cohen, Daniel (August 4, 2015). "Ranking The First Four Vacation Movies". Pop-Break. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ Giles, Jeff (July 29, 2015). "National Lampoon's Best Movies". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Archived from the original on August 12, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ Hamilton, Keegan (May 26, 2009). "Setting the Record Straight: East St. Louis and National Lampoon's Vacation". riverfronttimes.com. Riverfront Times. Retrieved September 21, 2017. 'They go over the [Poplar Street] bridge before it happens, so technically it would be in St. Louis,' Ramis says of the scene
^ Jump up to: a b Hughes, John (2008). "Vacation '58 / Foreword '08". Zoetrope All-Story. American Zoetrope. Archived from the original on July 31, 2008. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ Evans, Bradford (April 10, 2012). "Talking to Matty Simmons About Producing Animal House, Publishing National Lampoon, and His New Book Fat, Drunk, and Stupid". Splitsider. The Awl. Archived from the original on April 12, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "For National Lampoon's Vacation". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. United States Federal Government. December 16, 1981. Archived from the original on August 15, 2015. Retrieved August 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ D'Arc, James V. (2010). When Hollywood came to town: a history of moviemaking in Utah (1st ed.). Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith. ISBN 9781423605874.
Jump up ^ "National Lampoon's Vacation Movie Filming Locations". The 80s Movies Rewind. Archived from the original on August 12, 2015. Retrieved August 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ Davidson, Osha Gray. Broken Heartland: The Rise of America's Rural Ghetto, pg. 49, ISBN 9781587290411, 2011, Anchor Books, New York, New York.
Jump up ^ Movie cars: 20 best of all time–1983 Queen Family Truckster, MSN
Jump up ^ "'Family Truckster' road tripping to Mecum auction in Houston". Foxnews.com. April 3, 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Family Truckster' Vacation Movie Behind the Scenes with the Real Griswolds". GriswoldFamilyVacation.com. July 28, 2015. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "National Lampoon's Vacation Soundtrack (1983)". Soundtrack.Net. Retrieved August 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Weekend Box Office Results for July 29–31, 1983". Box Office Mojo. Internet Movie Database. August 1, 1983. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "National Lampoon's Vacation". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "National Lampoon's Vacation". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved July 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Lawrence, Christopher (2016-08-30). "Las Vegan's polling company keeps tabs on Hollywood". Las Vegas Review-Journal.
Jump up ^ Maslin, Janet (July 29, 1983). "Movie Review: National Lampoon's Vacation (1983)". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Archived from the original on September 25, 2014. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ "National Lampoon's Vacation". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. July 29, 1983. Archived from the original on January 12, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Rayner, Richard (June 24, 2006). "National Lampoon's Vacation". Time Out. Time Out Group. Archived from the original on July 25, 2015. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: National Lampoon's Vacation
National Lampoon's Vacation on IMDb
National Lampoon's Vacation at the TCM Movie Database
National Lampoon's Vacation at the American Film Institute Catalog
National Lampoon's Vacation at Rotten Tomatoes
National Lampoon's Vacation at Metacritic
"Vacation '58" by John Hughes (online text)
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National Lampoon's Vacation
Films
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Vegas Vacation (1997)
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Vacation (2015)
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Hotel Hell Vacation
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Caddyshack (1980)
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Club Paradise (1986)
Groundhog Day (1993)
Stuart Saves His Family (1995)
Multiplicity (1996)
Analyze This (1999)
Bedazzled (2000)
Analyze That (2002)
The Ice Harvest (2005)
Year One (2009)
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Sixteen Candles (1984)
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Weird Science (1985)
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Planes, Trains and Automobiles (1987)
She's Having a Baby (1988)
Uncle Buck (1989)
Curly Sue (1991)
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Mr. Mom (1983)
National Lampoon's Vacation (1983)
Nate and Hayes (1983)
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Pretty in Pink (1986)
Some Kind of Wonderful (1987)
The Great Outdoors (1988)
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Home Alone (1990)
Career Opportunities (1991)
Dutch (1991)
Beethoven (1992)
Home Alone 2: Lost in New York (1992)
Dennis the Menace (1993)
Baby's Day Out (1994)
Miracle on 34th Street (1994)
101 Dalmatians (1996)
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Home Alone 3 (1997)
Reach the Rock (1998)
Just Visiting (2001)
Maid in Manhattan (2002, story)
Drillbit Taylor (2008, original character)
Related
Don't You Forget About Me (2009 documentary)
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Government of South Africa
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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South Africa
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
South Africa
Constitution[show]
Bill of Rights
Executive[show]
President
Cyril Ramaphosa
Deputy President
David Mabuza
Cabinet
Shadow Cabinet
Legislative[show]
National Council of Provinces
Chairperson
Thandi Modise
National Assembly
Speaker
Baleka Mbete
Leader of the Opposition
Mmusi Maimane
Judiciary[show]
Chief Justice
Mogoeng Mogoeng
Deputy Chief Justice
Ray Zondo
Courts
Constitutional Court
Supreme Court of Appeal
President: Mandisa Maya
High Court
Magistrate's courts
Electoral Court
Elections[show]
General
1910 1915 1920 1921 1924 1929 1933 1938 1943 1948 1953 1958 1961 1966 1970 1974 1977 1981 1984 1987 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019
Municipal
2000 2006 2011 2016
Referendums
1960 1983 1992
Political parties
Administrative divisions[show]
Provinces
Districts
Metropolitan municipality
District municipality
Municipalities (list)
Foreign relations[show]
Minister of Foreign Affairs
Diplomatic missions
Passport
Related topics[show]
Human rights
Taxation
Protests
Repression
Political assassinations
Other countries
Atlas
v
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The Republic of South Africa is a parliamentary republic with three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary, operating in a parliamentary system. Legislative authority is held by the Parliament of South Africa. Executive authority is vested in the President of South Africa who is head of state and head of government, and his Cabinet. The President is elected by the Parliament to serve a fixed term. South Africa's government differs greatly from those of other Commonwealth nations. The national, provincial and local levels of government all have legislative and executive authority in their own spheres, and are defined in the South African Constitution as "distinctive, interdependent and interrelated".
Operating at both national and provincial levels ("spheres") are advisory bodies drawn from South Africa's traditional leaders. It is a stated intention in the Constitution that the country be run on a system of co-operative governance.
The national government is composed of three inter-connected branches:
Legislative: Parliament, consisting of the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces
Executive: The President, who is both Head of State and Head of Government
Judicial: The Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court of Appeal, and the High Court
All bodies of the South African government are subject to the rule of the Constitution, which is the Supreme law in South Africa.
Contents
[hide]
1 Legislative
2 Executive
2.1 Ministries
3 Judicial
4 Provincial government
5 Local government
6 Opposition
7 References
8 External links
Legislative[edit]
The Houses of Parliament in Cape Town.
Main article: Parliament of South Africa
The bicameral Parliament of South Africa makes up the legislative branch of the national government. It consists of the National Assembly (the lower house) and the National Council of Provinces (the upper house). The National Assembly consists of 400 members elected by popular vote using a system of party-list proportional representation. Half of the members are elected from parties' provincial lists and the other half from national lists.[vague]
Following the implementation of the new constitution on 3 February 1997 the National Council of Provinces replaced the former Senate with essentially no change in membership and party affiliations, although the new institution's responsibilities have been changed; with the body now having special powers to protect regional interests, including the safeguarding of cultural and linguistic traditions among ethnic minorities. In ordinary legislation, the two chambers have coordinate powers, but all proposals for appropriating revenue or imposing taxes must be introduced in the National Assembly.
The President is elected by the members of the General Assembly. Upon election the President resigns as an MP and appoints a Cabinet of Ministers from among the members. Ministers however retain their parliamentary seats. The President and the Ministers are responsible to the Parliament, of which they must be elected members. General elections are held at least once every five years. The last general election was held on 7 May 2014.[1]
Executive[edit]
The Union Buildings, the seat of the national executive
The President, Deputy President and the Ministers make up the executive branch of the national government. Ministers are Members of Parliament who are appointed by the President to head the various departments of the national government. The president is elected by parliament from its members. The ministers individually, and the Cabinet collectively, are accountable to Parliament for their actions.
Ministries[edit]
Main article: Cabinet of South Africa
Each minister is responsible for one or more departments, and some ministers have a deputy minister to whom they delegate some responsibility. The portfolios, incumbent ministers and deputies, and departments are shown in the following table.
v
t
e
Portfolio
Minister[2]
Party
Deputy Minister
Party
President of South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa ANC - -
Deputy President of South Africa David Mabuza ANC - -
Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation
Minister in the Presidency Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma ANC - -
Women
Minister in the Presidency Bathabile Dlamini ANC - -
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Senzeni Zokwana SACP Sfiso Buthelezi ANC
Arts and Culture Nathi Mthethwa ANC Maggie Sotyu ANC
Basic Education Angie Motshekga ANC Enver Surty ANC
Communications Nomvula Mokonyane SACP Pinky Kekana ANC
Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs Zweli Mkhize ANC Andries Nel, Obed Bapela ANC
Defence and Military Veterans Nosiviwe Mapisa-Nqakula ANC Kebby Maphatsoe ANC
Economic Development Ebrahim Patel COSATU Madala Masuku ANC
Energy Jeff Radebe SACP Thembi Majola ANC
Environmental Affairs Edna Molewa ANC Barbara Thomson ANC
Finance Nhlanhla Nene ANC Mondli Gungubele ANC
Health Aaron Motsoaledi ANC Joe Phaahla ANC
Higher Education and Training Naledi Pandor ANC Buti Manamela ANC
Home Affairs Malusi Gigaba ANC Fatima Chohan ANC
Human Settlements Nomaindia Mfeketo ANC Zoe Kota-Hendricks ANC
International Relations and Cooperation Lindiwe Sisulu ANC Luwellyn Landers, Reginah Mhaule ANC
Justice and Correctional Services Michael Masutha ANC John Jeffery, Thabang Makwetla ANC
Labour Mildred Oliphant ANC Inkosi Patekile Holomisa ANC
Mineral Resources Gwede Mantashe ANC Godfrey Oliphant ANC
Police Bheki Cele ANC Bongani Mkongi ANC
Public Enterprises Pravin Gordhan ANC - -
Public Service and Administration Ayanda Dlodlo ANC Chana Pilane-Majeke ANC
Public Works Thulas Nxesi ANC Jeremy Cronin SACP
Rural Development and Land Reform Maite Nkoana-Mashabane ANC Mcebisi Skwatsha, Candith Mashego-Dlamini ANC
Science and Technology Nkhensani Kubayi-Ngubane ANC Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi NFP
Small Business Development Lindiwe Zulu ANC Cassel Mathale ANC
Social Development Susan Shabangu ANC Hendrietta Bogopane-Zulu ANC
Sport and Recreation Tokozile Xasa ANC Gert Oosthuizen ANC
State Security Dipuo Letsatsi-Duba ANC Ellen Molekane ANC
Telecommunications and Postal Services Siyabonga Cwele ANC Stella Ndabeni-Abrahams ANC
Tourism Derek Hanekom ANC Elizabeth Thabethe ANC
Trade and Industry Rob Davies SACP Gratitude Magwanishe ANC
Transport Blade Nzimande SACP Sindisiwe Chikunga ANC
Water and Sanitation Gugile Nkwinti ANC Pam Tshwete ANC
Judicial[edit]
Main article: Judiciary of South Africa
The third branch of the national government is an independent judiciary. The judicial branch interprets the laws, using as a basis the laws as enacted and explanatory statements made in the Legislature during the enactment. The legal system is based on Roman-Dutch law and English common law and accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations. The constitution's bill of rights provides for due process including the right to a fair, public trial within a reasonable time of being charged and the right to appeal to a higher court. To achieve this, there are four major tiers of courts:
Magistrates' Courts – The court where civil cases involving less than R100 000, and cases involving minor crimes, are heard.
High Courts – The court of appeal for cases from the magistrates courts, as well as the court where major civil and criminal cases are first heard.
Supreme Court of Appeal – The final court of appeal for matters not pertaining to the constitution.
Constitutional Court – The final court of appeal for matters related to the constitution
In addition provision is made in the constitution for other courts established by or recognised in terms of an Act of Parliament.
Provincial government[edit]
Main article: Provincial governments of South Africa
The provincial governments of the nine provinces of South Africa have their own executive and legislative branches, but not separate judicial systems. In each province the legislative branch consists of a provincial legislature, varying in size from 30 to 80 members, which is elected through party-list proportional representation. The legislature elects one of its members as Premier to lead the executive branch, and the Premier appoints between five and ten members of the legislature as an executive council (a cabinet) to lead the various departments of the provincial government.
Local government[edit]
Main article: Municipalities of South Africa
Local government in South Africa consists of municipalities of various types. The largest metropolitan areas are governed by metropolitan municipalities, while the rest of the country[3] is divided into district municipalities, each of which consists of several local municipalities. After the municipal election of 18 May 2011 there were eight metropolitan municipalities, 44 district municipalities and 226 local municipalities.[4]
Municipalities are governed by municipal councils which are elected every five years. The councils of metropolitan and local municipalities are elected by a system of mixed-member proportional representation, while the councils of district municipalities are partly elected by proportional representation and partly appointed by the councils of the constituent local municipalities.[5]
Opposition[edit]
In each legislative body, the party or coalition of parties holding a majority of seats forms the government. The largest party not in the government is recognised as the official opposition.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.elections.org.za/content/Elections/Elections-timetables-Municipal-by-elections/
Jump up ^ "Government Leaders". South African Government. Retrieved 2018-02-15.
Jump up ^ With the exception of the Prince Edward Islands, although they are for certain legal purposes deemed to fall within the City of Cape Town.
Jump up ^ "Municipal elections: fact file". Media Club South Africa. 11 May 2011. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
Jump up ^ "Understanding Local Government". Community Organisers Toolbox. Education and Training Unit. Retrieved 24 May 2012.
External links[edit]
South African Government Online
Constitution of South Africa
show
v
t
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Other South African Governments
Kingdoms Colonies Boer States Bantustans National
Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c. 1075–c. 1220)
Mthethwa Paramountcy (c. 1780–1817)
Ndwandwe Kingdom (c. 1780–1819)
Zulu Kingdom (1816–97)
Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806)
Cape Colony (1795–1910)
Natal Colony (1843–1910)
Orange River Colony (1902–10)
Transvaal Colony (1902–10)
Natalia Republic (1839–43)
Orange Free State (1854–1902)
Griqualand East (1861–79)
Griqualand West (1870–73)
Goshen (1882–83)
Stellaland (1882–85)
Nieuwe Republiek (1884–88)
Upingtonia (1885–87)
Klein Vrystaat (1886–91)
Gazankulu (1971–94)
Lebowa (1972–94)
QwaQwa (1974–94)
Transkei (1976–94)
Bophuthatswana (1977–94)
Venda (1979–94)
Ciskei (1981–94)
KaNgwane (1981–94)
KwaNdebele (1981–94)
KwaZulu (1981–94)
Cape Qualified Franchise (1853–1910)
South African Republic (1856–1902)
Union of South Africa (1910–61)
Republic of South Africa (1961–Present)
Current Government
show
v
t
e
Governments of Africa
Sovereign states
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde (Cabo Verde)
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Egypt
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
The Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
São Tomé and Príncipe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Swaziland
Tanzania
Togo
Tunisia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
States with limited
recognition
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Somaliland
Dependencies and
other territories
Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain)
Madeira (Portugal)
Mayotte / Réunion (France)
Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)
Western Sahara
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Government_of_South_Africa&oldid=843174929"
Categories:
Government of South Africa
Politics of South Africa
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from May 2014
All articles needing additional references
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text:
Jeopardy! College Championship
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Jeopardy! College Championship is one of the traditional tournaments held each season on the TV quiz show Jeopardy! Contestants in this tournament are full-time undergraduate college students with no prior degrees and traditionally wear a sweater bearing the name of their college or university during their appearances. The existence of this tournament does not disqualify college students from auditioning for the regular shows, but tournament participants cannot later compete in regular play. The tournament began during the 1988-89 season (Season 5) and has been played every season (except for season 31), always during any one of the three traditional sweeps ratings periods (November, February, or May). Some contestants for the inaugural tournament were selected through contestant searches held in Daytona Beach, Florida, and Palm Springs, California, during the Spring break season in 1989.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Format
2 Prizes
2.1 Cash
2.2 Trophies
2.3 Vehicles
2.4 Other prizes
2.5 Tournament of Champions
3 List of participants
4 References
5 External links
Format[edit]
The College Championship uses a ten-game format similar to that used for the Tournament of Champions and the Teen Tournament: 15 players, in groups of three, play in five quarterfinal games; the winners of those five games and the four highest-scoring nonwinners as wild cards become the nine semifinalists who compete in three games, with no two players rematching each other in the semifinal round. The three semifinal winners advance to the two-day final round, in which contestants play two separate matches, with the contestants' combined scores for both matches determining the champion (contestants start with $0 each day).
Prizes[edit]
Cash[edit]
All College Championship contestants receive cash prizes, based on their progress through the tournament. Contestants eliminated prior to the finals receive fixed payouts, while contestants in the finals receive guaranteed minimums, but can earn more. Over time, the prizes have increased in value, as shown below:
Period
Finalists (minimum guarantees)
Semifinalists
Quarterfinalists
Winner
1st runner-up
2nd runner-up
1989–1997 $25,000 $10,000 $7,500 $5,000 $1,000
1998–1999 $15,000 $10,000 $2,500
2000–2002 $50,000
2003 $25,000 $15,000
2004–present $100,000 $50,000 $25,000 $10,000 $5,000
Trophies[edit]
Winners also receive a small replica trophy of the larger College Championship trophy, which is retained by Jeopardy! in Southern California. On the larger trophy are engraved the names of every year's winner.
Vehicles[edit]
From 1993–2004, the winner also won a new car (Dodge from 1993–1994, Volvo from 1995–2003, and Volkswagen in 2004), and the company who manufactured the car matched each finalists' totals and set up scholarships in those amounts earned for the finalists' schools.
Other prizes[edit]
Participants in the Season 17 College Championship received custom Jeopardy! jackets by L.L. Bean.
Participants in the Season 27 College Championship received a Nintendo Wii and the Jeopardy! Wii game.
Participants in the Season 30 College Championship received "Jeopardy!" tote bags and picture frames.
Tournament of Champions[edit]
In addition to the above-mentioned winnings, the winner earns an automatic position in the next Tournament of Champions, though two winners (Vinita Kailasanath in 2001 and Joey Beachum in 2008) deferred their berths in their intended tournament until the following installments due to scheduling conflicts. Three College Champions have made the Tournament of Champions finals (Tom Cubbage in 1989, Jeff Stewart in 1994, and Cliff Galiher in 2007), but only Cubbage won the event.
Many college champions have been invited to later Jeopardy! "all-time best" tournaments as well, with varying degrees of success:
1989 winner Tom Cubbage competed in the next year's Super Jeopardy! tournament, losing his opening quarterfinal match.
Every College Championship winner to that point competed in 2005's Ultimate Tournament of Champions, with 2000 winner Pam Mueller advancing to the semifinals, and 1996 winner Shane Whitlock advancing to the quarterfinals.
Cubbage, Mueller, Whitlock, 1993 winner Phoebe Juel, and 2001 winner Vinita Kailasanath all competed in 2014's Jeopardy! Battle of the Decades, with both Cubbage & Mueller advancing to the semifinals. Whitlock, 2008 winner Joey Beachum, and November 2010 winner Erin McLean were among the past champions in the fan favourite online voting to earn one of three slots in the tournament, but only Whitlock won the fan vote for his decade.
List of participants[edit]
The following is a list of contestants and where they placed in the tournament. Finalists who earned more than the minimum guarantee are as indicated.
Finalists
Semifinalists
Quarterfinalists
Alex Trebek Era (1984–present)
Season 5 (May 8–19, 1989)
Winner: Tom Cubbage (Southern Methodist University, $26,600)
1st runner-up: Alex Yang (Tulane University, $24,601)
2nd runner-up: Linda Krisak (Case Western Reserve University) Kyle Bostian (University of Massachusetts Amherst)
Jason Moore (University of Southern California)
David Nieporent (Princeton University)
Jason Powderly (Florida State University)
Monroe Roark (University of West Georgia)
Kristine Zaleskas (Harvard University) Paula Ashbaugh (Michigan State University)
Ann Danielson (Amherst College)
Betty Hsu (University of California, Los Angeles)
Dave Piatt (Johns Hopkins University)
Anna Simopolous (Cornell University)
Chris Swensen (Towson State University)
Season 6 (May 7–18, 1990)
Winner: Michael Thayer (Rutgers University)
1st runner-up: David Honea (North Carolina State University)
2nd runner-up: Amy Zucker (Wesleyan University) Joey Burgoon (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Matthew Miller (University of Michigan)
Katie Polk (College of William & Mary)
Gavin Russell (University of California, Berkeley)
Noah Smith (Northwestern University)
Brad Williams (University of Northern Iowa) Elena Broder (Duke University)
Eryn Brown (Harvard University)
Bobbie Diamond (Oberlin College)
Julie Gross (Rice University)
Sue O'Connor (Saint Mary's College (Indiana))
Penny Prior (Georgetown University)
Season 7 (May 6–17, 1991)
Winner: Scott Gillispie (Georgia Institute of Technology, $27,400)
1st runner-up: Andre Duvoisin (University of New Orleans, $10,600)
2nd runner-up: Tim Lakin (Northwestern University) Kimberly Bartlett (University of Alabama)
Maureen McIvor (Georgetown University)
Franco Recchia (Wayne State University)
Season 8 (May 4–15, 1992)
Winner: Billy Baxter (College of William & Mary, $26,200)
1st runner-up: Stephanie Leveene (University of Delaware, $16,800)
2nd runner-up: Nick Jungman (University of Oklahoma, $16,800) Chris Montplaisir (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)2
Ken Kansa (The George Washington University)2 Margaret Bickers (Agnes Scott College)
David Ellis (Michigan State University)
Season 9 (May 3–14, 1993)
Winner: Phoebe Juel (Grinnell College, $28,000)
1st runner-up: Eric Biber (Harvard University, $19,100)
2nd runner-up: John Van De Weert (Princeton University, $16,800) Jeffrey Thompsen (University of California, Berkeley)
Jessica Sison (San Francisco State University)
Nelson Brooks (University of South Carolina)
Ann Menge (Marquette University)
Keena Baumgartner (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Dave Larson (University of Wisconsin–Madison) Sate Falley (Florida Atlantic University)
Nikki Laski (Iowa State University)
Rhonda Rodriguez (Boston University)
Ericka Hayes (Washington University in St. Louis)
Patrick Archdeacon (Columbia University)
Andi Bloom (Illinois State University)
Season 10 (May 2–13, 1994)
Winner: Jeff Stewart (Brigham Young University)
1st runner-up: Dave Goldsmith (Colgate University, $19,160)
2nd runner-up: Keri Ellis (Michigan Technological University, $7,600) Kristen Brewe (University of Minnesota)
Brooke Gallagher (University of Maryland, Baltimore County)
Brian Johnson (University of Florida)
Elizabeth Lizotte (Simpson College)
Martin Poteralski (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Sarah Jane Whitten (University of Texas at Dallas) Maggie Bandur (Northwestern University)
Benoy Chacko (University of Michigan)
Mark Rooney (University of Missouri)
Matt Stone (University of Illinois)
John Sweeney (University of Nebraska)
Shawn Wrobel (Stanford University)
Season 11 (May 1–12, 1995)
Winner: Ben Lyon (University of Oklahoma)
1st runner-up: Rebekah Reeves (Texas A&M University, $13,800)
2nd runner-up: Stephen Smith (University of Notre Dame, $12,400)
Season 12 (February 12–23, 1996)
Winner: Shane Whitlock (University of Arkansas, $32,800)
1st runner-up: Vandana Madhavan (Harvard University, $21,000)
2nd runner-up: Bryan Fagan (Southwest Missouri State University, $13,199) Bronwyn Bedient (University of North Carolina)
Stephanie Brown (University of West Georgia)
Brian Gondos (University of Pennsylvania)
Bill Lee (University of Washington)
Michael Musgrove (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Mark Schmidt (Baldwin-Wallace College) Alison Anderson (Boston University)
Colin Campbell (Princeton University)
Jenn Cunningham (Yale University)
Alex Rucker (The George Washington University)
Rachel Schifter (Colgate University)
Jeff Warren (Abilene Christian University)
Season 13 (May 12–23, 1997)
Winner: Craig Barker (University of Michigan)
1st runner-up: Mark Urciuolo (Marist College)
2nd runner-up: Steven Bevier (Michigan State University)2 Brian Chan (Harvard University)2
Bill McKinley (Wittenberg University)
Eric Slack (Purdue University)
Lisa Talley (Loyola University of New Orleans)
Joel Vaughan (Duke University)
Aaron Wenger (University of Louisville) Oliver Baptiste (William Paterson College)
Leslie Campisi (Loyola University of New Orleans)
Brigid Laurie (Bryn Mawr College)
Andrea Pinyan (Alfred University)
Andrea Riquier (Boston University)
James Tong (Yale University)
Season 14 (May 4–15, 1998) at Zellerbach Hall on the University of California, Berkeley campus
Winner: Andrew Hutchings (Harvey Mudd College)
1st runner-up: Alex Weathers (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, $16,199)
2nd runner-up: Shane Underwood (University of Alabama) Adia Benton (Brown University)
Cathy Landers (University of California, Berkeley)
Grace Lansangan (Barton College)
Claire Ogilvie (Yale University)
Kristen Page (Mary Washington College)
Bryan Stofferahn (Santa Clara University) Lucas Bergman (University of Illinois at Chicago)
Leslie Cooper (University of Southern California)
Chanel Lee (University of Virginia)
Katy Sprinkel (DePauw University)
Sub Stockman (University of Pennsylvania)
Mari Webel (Stanford University)
Season 15 (May 3–14, 1999) at the Rosemont Theatre in Rosemont, Illinois
Winner: Carolyn Cracraft (University of Chicago)
1st runner-up: Katie King (University of Kentucky)
2nd runner-up: Josh Levy (University of Pennsylvania, $12,295) Meg Audette (Wofford College)
Cameron Blakemore (Oklahoma State University)
Stephen James (University of North Texas)
Veronica Lee (University of Oregon)
Jason McClellan (Texas A&M University)
Whitney Owens (Northwestern University) Julie Ann Cohen (University of Michigan)
Tara Crabtree (University of Washington)
Aaron Johnson (Rowan University)
Butch Malec (Reed College)
Paul Marchegiani (Northwestern University)
Nicole Thibodeau (University of Illinois at Chicago)
Season 16 (February 7–18, 2000)
Winner: Janet Wong (Drew University)
1st runner-up: Adam Center (Georgetown University, $17,299)
2nd runner-up: Greg Hodgin (Emory University) Julia Becker (Brandeis University)
Gina Bronsberg (University of Illinois)
Molley Jesse (University of Virginia)
Michael LaMasse (Eastern Michigan University)
Kurt Medland (Albion College)
Natalie Tindall (Florida A&M University) Darren Bates (University of California, San Diego)
Peter Scott Breeze (Ithaca College)
Anita Brkic (University of California, Los Angeles)
Gweneth Connell (Amherst College)
Milo Dochow (Cooper Union)1
Marcail Moran (Hollins University)
Season 17 (November 8–21, 2000) at Meany Hall on the University of Washington campus
Winner: Pam Mueller (Loyola University Chicago)
1st runner-up: Jonah Knobler (Harvard University)
2nd runner-up: Carl Gilbertsen (University of Illinois) Mitali Banerjee (Rice University)
Matt Keller (Vanderbilt University)
Erin Milligan (University of Delaware)
Suzanne Rivoire (University of Texas at Austin)
Genevieve Romeo (Ursinus College)
Dave Sabath (University of Wisconsin–Madison) Jim Giesen (University of Washington)
Iyesatu Kamara (University of Washington)
Jordan Kovnot (Dartmouth College)
Rob Schickler (Baylor University)
Lisa Thimjon (Luther College (Iowa))
John R. Williams (George Washington University)
Season 18 (November 7–20, 2001) at Pauley Pavilion on the University of California, Los Angeles campus
Winner: Vinita Kailasanath (Stanford University)
1st runner-up: Matt Schnippert (Florida State University, $19,801)
2nd runner-up: Thomas Zamora (University of Southern California, $14,100) Sara Dean (Syracuse University)
Brett Dvorak (Indiana University)
Mysti Kofford (Boston University)
Jayce Newton (University of California, Los Angeles)
Marques Redd (Harvard University)
Brittany Rogers (Saddleback College) Erin Bogart (Miami University)
Jamie Green (Brown University)
Susan Haarman (Marquette University)
Tony Nagatani (Ithaca College)
Andrew Nerlinger (University of Notre Dame)
Sam Weaver (Bradley University)
Season 19 (November 11–22, 2002) at Jerome Schottenstein Center on the Ohio State University campus
Winner: Kyle Hale (Texas A&M University, $51,300)
1st runner-up: Mark Kehres (Ohio State University, $49,200)
2nd runner-up: Jara Dorsey (Carnegie Mellon University) Arianna Haut (Washington University in St. Louis)
Stacy Lee (Smith College)
Corrie Loeffler (Azusa Pacific University)
Sarah Martin-Anderson (California State University, Bakersfield)
Pat Mobley (University of Michigan)
Katie Orphan (Whitworth College) Brian Andrews (DePaul University)
Jenny Hauser (University of Arizona)
Allison Hurley (University of Cincinnati)
Adam Kay (Salt Lake Community College)
Tony Sina (Temple University)
Hikma Abdulghani (Columbia University)
Season 20 (November 10–21, 2003) at Payne Whitney Gymnasium on the Yale University campus
Winner: Keith Williams (Middlebury College)
1st runner-up: Grant Hutchinson (University of West Florida)
2nd runner-up: Joshua Perkins (Rice University) Alex Albrecht (Purdue University)
Ellen Auer (St. Olaf College)
Ken Basin (University of Southern California)
Jim Fitzpatrick (Wake Forest University)
Heather Groggel (Concordia University Wisconsin)
Robby Schrum (Yale University) Lauren Henderson (Colby College)
Amanda Johnson (University of Chicago)
Karli Kosman (Mt. San Jacinto College)
Mary Naam (Harvard University)
Lee Tucker (Carleton College)
Joyce Yuan (University of California, Berkeley)
Season 21 (November 10–23, 2004) at the Petersen Events Center on the University of Pittsburgh campus
Winner: Kermin Fleming (Carnegie Mellon University)
1st runner-up: Ari Schoenholtz (Williams College)
2nd runner-up: Rachel McCool (Dickinson College) Kelley Burd (West Virginia University)
Lindsey Hargrove (University of Texas)
Amory Jendrek (Davidson College)
Vicky Manos (St. John's University)
Casey Retterer (University of Maryland, College Park)
Lily Wang (Columbia University) Matt Bushell (Georgetown University)
Jeff Love (Stanford University)
Chris Maes (University of Wisconsin–Green Bay)
Larry Marshall (University of Missouri)
Amanda Nowotny (University of Pittsburgh)
Brad Selvig (Florida State University)
Season 22 (November 7–18, 2005) at the RBC Center just off the North Carolina State University campus in Raleigh, North Carolina
Winner: Nico Martinez (Stanford University)
1st runner-up: Adam Pinson (University of Alabama at Birmingham)
2nd runner-up: Jayanth Iyengar (Washington University in St. Louis) Beth Cimini (Boston University)
Peter Ellis (North Carolina State University)
Ben Goldman (New York University)
Alison Jenik (University of Maryland, College Park)
Amanda Walker (Gonzaga University)
Antonia Wang (Purdue University) Anna Allie (University of Michigan–Dearborn)
Chris Breen (Princeton University)
Colin Brown (University of Rochester)
Malisha Butts (North Carolina Central University)
Christopher Chilton (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
Chelsea He (Duke University)
Season 23 (April 30, 2007 – May 11, 2007) at the Galen Center on the Campus of the University of Southern California
Winner: Cliff Galiher (University of California, Los Angeles)
1st runner-up: Craig Boge (Stanford University)
2nd runner-up: Christine Kennedy (University of Notre Dame) Hayley Clatterbuck (University of Nebraska-Lincoln)
Alice Luo (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Dean Malec (Northwestern University)
Will Schultz (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
Haritha Sudanagunta (University of California, San Diego)
Pete Troyan (University of Michigan) Elise Burton (University of California, Berkeley)
Brady Cassis (Yale University)
Ashley Grand (Harvard University)
Anna Han (Penn State University)
Sarah Nothnagel (University of Southern California)
Kaitlin Welborn (University of Pennsylvania)
Season 24 (May 5–16, 2008) at the Kohl Center on the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison
Winner: Joey Beachum (Mississippi State University)
1st runner-up: Danielle Zsenak (Marquette University)
2nd runner-up: Andrew Chung (Harvey Mudd College) Danny Devries (University of Michigan)
Tara Franey (Michigan State University)
James Grant (Georgetown University)
Gabrielle McMahan (Florida A&M University)
Suchita Shah (University of Wisconsin–Madison)
Vera Swain (University of South Carolina) Jonathan Hawley (Harvard University)
Than Hedman (University of Colorado Boulder)
Brandon Hensley (California Institute of Technology)
Meredith Johnson (University of Minnesota)
Dara Lind (Yale University)
Katie Winter (Tufts University)
Season 25 (May 4–15, 2009)
Winner: Patrick Tucker (University of Notre Dame)
1st runner-up: Eric Betts (Emory University)
2nd runner-up: Laura Myers (University of Missouri, $29,900) Andrew Ceppos (Tufts University)
Ariella Goldstein (Muhlenberg College)
Erica Greil (Princeton University)
Greg Lichtenstein (Vassar College)
Scott Menke (Johns Hopkins University)
Mark Petterson (University of Kansas) Elyssa Browning (St. John's College)
Larissa Charnsangavej (Rice University)
Kadeem Cooper (University of Virginia)
Anthony Dedousis (Harvard University)
Jennifer Duann (Ohio State University)
Courtney Trezise (Michigan State University)
Season 26 (February 1–12, 2010)
Winner: Nick Yozamp (Washington University in St. Louis)
1st runner-up: Ryan Stoffers (University of California, Los Angeles)
2nd runner-up: Surya Sabhapathy (University of Michigan, $26,600) Dan D'Addario (Columbia University)
Lindsay Eanet (University of Missouri)
James Hill III (Santa Clara University)
Leah Anthony Libresco (Yale University)
Samira Missaghi (University of Minnesota)
Ashley Walker (Dartmouth College) Robbie Berg (University of Pennsylvania)
Rebecca Maxfield (Brown University)
Prashant Raghavendran (University of Texas at Dallas)
Lyndsey Romick (Lewis & Clark College)
Danny Vopava (University of Wisconsin–River Falls)
Will Warren (University of Alabama)
Season 27 (November 8–19, 2010)
Winner: Erin McLean (Boston University)
1st runner-up: Sam Spaulding (Yale University)
2nd runner-up: Hans von Walter (Southern Adventist University) Sid Chandrasekhar (University of Pennsylvania)
Ellen Eichner (Ohio State University)
Marshall Flores (Arizona State University)
Steve Greene (University of California, Los Angeles)
Kyle Kahan (Texas A&M University)
Lea Tottle (Florida State University) Olivia Colangelo (University of Notre Dame)
Folake Dosu (Stanford University)
Steph Gagelin (University of North Dakota)
Amanda J. Ray (University of Virginia)
Tim Relihan (University of Nebraska)
Katie Singh (Northwestern University)
Season 28 (February 1–14, 2012)
Winner: Monica Thieu (University of North Texas)
1st runner-up: Sarah Bart (Goucher College)
2nd runner-up: Zack Terrill (Vanderbilt University) Jaime Alayon (George Washington University)
Tyler Benedict (Columbia University)
Greer Mackebee (Duke University)
Weston Mangin (California Polytechnic State University)
Matt Olson (Stanford University)
Connie Shi (University of Michigan) Sarah Bauer (Indiana University)
Zach McDonnell (College of William & Mary)
Marie McGraw (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Charlie Rooney (Loyola University Chicago)
Anne Rozek (Eastern Illinois University)
Carrie Tian (Harvard University)
Season 29 (May 6–17, 2013)
Winner: Jim Coury (Georgetown University)
1st runner-up: Trevor Walker (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
2nd runner-up: Kristen Jolley (Georgia Institute of Technology) Cindy Cammarn (Bowdoin College)
Daniel Donohue (Northwestern University)
Hannah Shoenhard (Scripps College)
Jed Silver (Tufts University)
Julia Sprangers (University of Wisconsin-Madison)
Nishanth Uli (Washington University in St. Louis) Bill Driscoll (Stanford University)
Forrest Farjadian (University of Tulsa)
Jack Houston (Azusa Pacific University)
Paige Radtke (University of Colorado Boulder)
Laura Rigge (Wellesley College)
Taylor Roth (Baylor University)
Season 30 (February 10–21, 2014)
Winner: Terry O'Shea (Princeton University)
1st runner-up: Tucker Pope (Texas A&M University)
2nd runner-up: Kevin Shen (University of California, Berkeley)3 Laurie Beckoff (University of Chicago)
Julia Clark (Harvard University)
Ben Juster (University of California, Los Angeles)
Erika Sloan (Middlebury College)
Whitney Thompson (University of Oklahoma)
Eric Turner (Vanderbilt University) Kenesha Bennett (Oakwood University)
James Fulwiler (Temple University)
Maria Khrakovsky (Ohio State University)
Cameron Kim (Duke University)
Sarah Stevens (University of Delaware)
Alex Sventeckis (Ball State University)
Season 32 (February 1–12, 2016)
Winner: Sam Deutsch (University of Southern California)
1st runner-up: Niki Peters (University of California, Berkeley)
2nd runner-up: Sarah Dubnik (University of Pittsburgh) Ziad Ali (North Carolina State University)
Emily Bingham (Wright State University)
Kate Laubscher (Northeastern University)4
Hannah Norem (Augustana University)4
Emily Sun (Columbia University)
Gus Woythaler (Stanford University) Adam Antoszewski (University of Virginia)
Kevin Brown (Louisiana State University)
Noah Cowan (Brown University)
Carissa Pekny (United States Military Academy)
Amanda Rosner (Northwestern University)
Michael Sieja (Mississippi State University)4
Season 33 (February 13-24, 2017)
Winner: Lilly Chin (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
1st runner-up: Gary Tse (United States Naval Academy)
2nd runner-up: Viraj Mehta (Stanford University) Alex Bourzutschky (California Institute of Technology)
Mari Hanley (Stetson University)
Mohan Malholtra (New York University)
Julia Marsan (Georgetown University)
Netanel Paley (Yeshiva University)
Clarissa Santori (Northeastern University) Zach Atwell (University of Kentucky)
Esteban Fernandez (San Francisco State University)
Allison Holley (Lawrence University)
Jennifer Katz (Macalester College)
Corey Schmalzle (Lehigh University)
Hannah Whisnant (United States Military Academy)
Season 34 (April 9-20, 2018)
Winner: Dhruv Gaur (Brown University)
1st runner-up: William Scott (Tufts University)
2nd runner-up: Hannah Sage (University of Central Florida) Thatcher Chonka (University of Oklahoma)
Jordan Goodson (Columbia University)
Rishab Jain (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Rebecca Rosenthal (Swarthmore College)
Alli Ross (Worcester Polytechnic Institute)
Eric Thorpe (Dartmouth College) Josie Bianchi (Stanford University)
Patricia Jia (University of Pennsylvania)
Harry Kioko (University of Chicago)
Sheldon Lewis II (Rochester Institute of Technology)
Carsen Smith (Vanderbilt University)
Caroline Trammell (Furman University)
^1 Milo Dochow was a losing contestant in the Winter 1999 Teen Tournament but was invited to participate in the following year's College Championship after being potentially disadvantaged by a questionable judges' ruling in Final Jeopardy!.
^2 The first quarterfinal match of the 1992 College Championship ended in a tie, between Chris Montplasir and Ken Kansa, and Chris Montplasir won a spot in the semifinals and Ken Kansa earned enough money to earn a wildcard spot (although two other tie-breaker clues were given and correct responses were given for neither, resulting in editing out of the broadcast). The first semifinal match of the 1997 College Championship also ended in a tie, between Steven Beiver and Brian Chan, and Steven Beiver gave the correct response to the clue and earn a spot in the finals.
^3 Kevin ended up with $0 going into the Day Two Final Jeopardy!, and ineligible to play. He was kept to have his first day score tabulated for purposes of the final score in the two day total dollars format.
^4 Kate, Hannah, and Michael tied at $14,400 in the quarterfinals at the end of Final Jeopardy. Hannah led going into Final Jeopardy, while Kate and Michael tied. Kate led going into Double Jeopardy, eliminating Michael from that spot.
Stanford University is the only college to have two winners.
The only College Champions from Ivy League schools are Terry O'Shea of Princeton University in 2014 and Dhruv Gaur of Brown University in 2018.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Richmond, Ray (2004). This Is Jeopardy!: Celebrating America's Favorite Quiz Show (1st ed.). Barnes & Noble. p. 70. ISBN 0-7607-5374-1.
External links[edit]
The official Jeopardy! website
Official Jeopardy! Season 32 College Championship website
Official Jeopardy! Season 33 College Championship website
Official Jeopardy! Season 34 College Championship website
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/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

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/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Jeopardy! College Championship – Simple English

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suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

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