text:
False color
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For Operations under false military colors, see false flag.
A mosaic constructed from a series of 53 images taken through three spectral filters by Galileo’s imaging system as it flew over the northern regions of the Moon in December 1992.
False color (or false colour) refers to a group of color rendering methods used to display images in color which were recorded in the visible or non-visible parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. A false-color image is an image that depicts an object in colors that differ from those a photograph (a true-color image) would show.
In addition, variants of false color such as pseudocolor, density slicing, and choropleths are used for information visualization of either data gathered by a single grayscale channel or data not depicting parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. elevation in relief maps or tissue types in magnetic resonance imaging).
Contents
[hide]
1 Types of color renderings
1.1 True color
1.2 False color
1.3 Pseudocolor
1.4 Density slicing
1.5 Choropleth
2 False color in the arts
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Types of color renderings[edit]
True color[edit]
"True-color" redirects here. For the 24-bit color depth of screens for computers, mobile phones, etc., see True Color.
To understand false color, a look at the concept behind true color is helpful. An image is called a true-color image when it offers a natural color rendition, or when it comes close to it. This means that the colors of an object in an image appear to a human observer the same way as if this observer was to directly view the object: A green tree appears green in the image, a red apple red, a blue sky blue, and so on.[1] When applied to black-and-white images, true-color means that the perceived lightness of a subject is preserved in its depiction.
Two Landsat satellite images showing the same region:
Chesapeake Bay and the city of Baltimore[2]
This true-color image shows the area in actual colors, e.g., the vegetation appears in green. It covers the full visible spectrum using the red, green and blue / green spectral bands of the satellite mapped to the RGB color space of the image.
The same area as a false-color image using the near infrared, red and green spectral bands mapped to RGB – this image shows vegetation in a red tone, as vegetation reflects most light in the near infrared.
Burns Cliff inside of Endurance crater on Mars. The color is approximate true color because, instead of the red spectral band, infrared was used. The result is a metameric failure in the color of the sky, which is slightly green in the image – had a human observer been present, then that person would have perceived the actual sky color to have a bit more orange in it. The Opportunity rover which captured this image does have a red filter, but it is often not used, due to the higher scientific value of images captured using the infrared band and the constraints of data transmission.
Absolute true-color rendering is impossible.[3] There are three major sources of color error (metameric failure):
Different spectral sensitivities of the human eye and of an image capture device (e.g. a camera).
Different spectral emissions / reflections of the object and of the image render process (e.g. a printer or monitor).
Differences in spectral irradiance in the case of reflective images (e.g. photo prints) or reflective objects – see color rendering index (CRI) for details.
The result of a metameric failure would be for example an image of a green tree which shows a different shade of green than the tree itself, a different shade of red for a red apple, a different shade of blue for the blue sky, and so on. Color management (e.g. with ICC profiles) can be used to mitigate this problem within the physical constraints.
Approximate true-color images gathered by spacecraft are an example where images have a certain amount of metameric failure, as the spectral bands of a spacecraft's camera are chosen to gather information on the physical properties of the object under investigation, and are not chosen to capture true-color images.[3]
This approximate true-color panorama shows the impact crater Endurance on Mars. It was taken by the panoramic camera on the Opportunity rover and is a composite of a total of 258 images taken in the 480, 530 and 750 nanometer spectral bands (blue / green, green and near infrared).
False color[edit]
A traditional false-color satellite image of Las Vegas. Grass-covered land (e.g. a golf course) appears in red.
In contrast to a true-color image, a false-color image sacrifices natural color rendition in order to ease the detection of features that are not readily discernible otherwise – for example the use of near infrared for the detection of vegetation in satellite images.[1] While a false-color image can be created using solely the visual spectrum (e.g. to accentuate color differences), typically some or all data used is from electromagnetic radiation (EM) outside the visual spectrum (e.g. infrared, ultraviolet or X-ray). The choice of spectral bands is governed by the physical properties of the object under investigation.
As the human eye uses three spectral bands (see trichromacy for details), three spectral bands are commonly combined into a false-color image. At least two spectral bands are needed for a false-color encoding,[4] and it is possible to combine more bands into the three visual RGB bands – with the eye's ability to discern three channels being the limiting factor.[5] In contrast, a "color" image made from one spectral band, or an image made from data consisting of non-EM data (e.g. elevation, temperature, tissue type) is a pseudocolor image (see below).
For true color, the RGB channels (red "R", green "G" and blue "B") from the camera are mapped to the corresponding RGB channels of the image, yielding a "RGB→RGB" mapping. For false color this relationship is changed. The simplest false-color encoding is to take an RGB image in the visible spectrum, but map it differently, e.g. "GBR→RGB". For traditional false-color satellite images of Earth a "NRG→RGB" mapping is used, with "N" being the near-infrared spectral band (and the blue spectral band being unused) – this yields the typical "vegetation in red" false-color images.[1][6]
False color is used (among others) for satellite and space images: Examples are remote sensing satellites (e.g. Landsat, see example above), space telescopes (e.g. the Hubble Space Telescope) or space probes (e.g. Cassini-Huygens). Some spacecraft, with rovers (e.g. the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity) being the most prominent examples, have the ability to capture approximate true-color images as well.[3] Weather satellites produce, in contrast to the spacecrafts mentioned previously, grayscale images from the visible or infrared spectrum.
Examples for the application of false color:
These three false-color images demonstrate the application of remote sensing in precision agriculture: The left image shows vegetation density and the middle image presence of water (greens / blue for wet soil and red for dry soil). The right image shows where crops are under stress, as is particularly the case in fields 120 and 119 (indicated by red and yellow pixels). These fields were due to be irrigated the following day.
This false-color composite image of the spiral galaxy Messier 66 is combining four infrared spectral bands from 3.6 to 8.0 micrometers. The contribution from starlight (measured at 3.6 micrometers) has been subtracted from the 5.8 and 8 micrometer band to enhance the visibility of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emissions.
Pseudocolor[edit]
A pseudocolor image (sometimes styled pseudo-color or pseudo color) is derived from a grayscale image by mapping each intensity value to a color according to a table or function.[7] Pseudo color is typically used when a single channel of data is available (e.g. temperature, elevation, soil composition, tissue type, and so on), in contrast to false color which is commonly used to display three channels of data.[4]
A typical example for the use of pseudo color is thermography (thermal imaging), where infrared cameras feature only one spectral band and show their grayscale images in pseudo color.
Examples of encoding temperature with pseudo color:
Thermogram of a passive house in the foreground and a traditional building in the background. Note the color to temperature key on the right.
Thermal image of a steam locomotive using pseudocolor encoding – yellow/white indicates hot and red/violet indicates cool.
This pseudocolor image shows the results of a computer simulation of temperatures during Space Shuttle reentry. Areas reaching 3,000 °F (1,650 °C) can be seen in yellow.
Another familiar example of pseudo color is the encoding of elevation using hypsometric tints in physical relief maps, where negative values (below sea level) are usually represented by shades of blue, and positive values by greens and browns.
Examples of encoding elevation with pseudo color:
An elevation map of the Pacific Ocean, showing ocean floor in shades of blue and land in greens and browns.
This color-coded elevation relief map indicates the result of floods on Mars. Please note the color to elevation key on the bottom.
The Moon with hypsometric tints of red for the highest points and purple for the lowest.
Pseudocoloring can make some details more visible, as the perceived difference in color space is bigger than between successive gray levels alone.
Depending on the table or function used and the choice of data sources, pseudocoloring may increase the information contents of the original image, for example adding geographic information, combining information obtained from infrared or ultra-violet light, or other sources like MRI scans.[8]
Examples of overlaying additional information with pseudo color:
This image shows compositional variations of the Moon overlaid as pseudo color.
A grayscale MRI of a knee – different gray levels indicate different tissue types, requiring a trained eye.
A pseudocolor MRI of a knee created using three different grayscale scans – tissue types are easier to discern through pseudo color.
A further application of pseudocoloring is to store the results of image elaboration; that is, changing the colors in order to ease understanding an image.[9]
Density slicing[edit]
An image of Tasmania and surrounding waters using density slicing to show phytoplankton concentration. The ocean color as captured by the satellite image is mapped to seven colors: Yellow, orange and red indicate more phytoplankton, while light green, dark green, light blue and dark blue indicate less phytoplankton; land and clouds are depicted in different colors.
Density slicing, a variation of pseudo color, divides an image into a few colored bands and is (among others) used in the analysis of remote sensing images.[10] For density slicing the range of grayscale levels is divided into intervals, with each interval assigned to one of a few discrete colors – this is in contrast to pseudo color, which uses a continuous color scale.[11] For example, in a grayscale thermal image the temperature values in the image can be split into bands of 2 °C, and each band represented by one color – as a result the temperature of one spot in the thermograph can be easier acquired by the user, because the discernible differences between the discrete colors are greater than those of images with continuous grayscale or continuous pseudo color.
Choropleth[edit]
Main article: Choropleth map
The US Presidential Election of 2004, visualised using a choropleth map.
A choropleth is an image or map in which areas are colored or patterned proportionally to the category or value of one or more variables being represented. The variables are mapped to a few colors; each area contributes one data point and receives one color from these selected colors. Basically it is density splicing applied to a pseudocolor overlay. A choropleth map of a geographic area is thus an extreme form of false color.
False color in the arts[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2012)
While artistic rendition lends to subjective expression of color, Andy Warhol (1928–1987) has become a culturally significant figure of the modern art movement by creating false color paintings with screen printing techniques. Some of Warhol's most recognizable prints include a replication of Marilyn Monroe, her image based on a film frame from the movie Niagara. The subject was a sex symbol and film noir starlet whose death in 1962 influenced the artist. A series of prints were made with endearment but expose her persona as an illusion through his assembly line style of art production which are non-erotic and slightly grotesque.[12] Using various ink color palettes, Warhol immersed himself in a process of repetition that serves to compare personas and everyday objects to the qualities of mass production and consumerism.[13] The colors of ink were selected through experimentation of aesthetics and do not correlate to false color rendering of the electromagnetic spectrum employed in remote sensing image processing. For years the artist continued screen printing false color images of Marilyn Monroe, perhaps his most referenced work being Turquoise Marilyn[14] which was bought in May 2007 by a private collector for 80 million US dollars.[15]
See also[edit]
NASA World Wind uses several false-color satellite image layers
List of software palettes – False color palettes section
Imaginary colors, points in a color space that correspond to a color perception that cannot be produced by any physical (non-negative) light spectrum.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Principles of Remote Sensing - Centre for Remote Imaging, Sensing and Processing, CRISP". www.crisp.nus.edu.sg. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
Jump up ^ "The Landsat 7 Compositor". landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov. 2011-03-21. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
^ Jump up to: a b c Nancy Atkinson (2007-10-01). "True or False (Color): The Art of Extraterrestrial Photography". www.universetoday.com. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
^ Jump up to: a b "Mars Art Gallery Articles". www.marsartgallery.com. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
Jump up ^ "NGC 3627 (M66) - NASA Spitzer Space Telescope Collection". www.nasaimages.org. 2005-09-15. Archived from the original on 2011-09-01. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
Jump up ^ GDSC, Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium (National Laboratory of Air and Space Transport), Netherlands. "Band combinations". GDSC, Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium (National Laboratory of Air and Space Transport), Netherlands. Archived from the original on 2012-08-17. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ "Pseudocolor Filter for VirtualDub". Neuron2.net. Archived from the original on 2010-06-11. Retrieved 2012-09-01.
Jump up ^ Leonid I. Dimitrov (1995). "Pseudo-colored visualization of EEG-activities on the human cortex using MRI-based volume rendering and Delaunay interpolation". Institute of Information Processing, Austrian Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2009-03-18.
Jump up ^ C J Setchell; N W Campbell (July 1999). "Using Color Gabor Texture Features for Scene Understanding". 7th. International Conference on Image Processing and its Applications. University of Bristol. Retrieved 2009-03-18.
Jump up ^ John Alan Richards; Xiuping Jia (2006). Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis: An Introduction (4th ed.). Birkhäuser. pp. 102–104. ISBN 9783540251286. Retrieved 2015-07-26.
Jump up ^ J. B. Campbell, "Introduction to Remote Sensing", 3rd ed., Taylor & Francis, p. 153
Jump up ^ Wood, Paul (2004). Varieties of Modernism. London, United Kingdom: Yale University Press. pp. 339–341, 354. ISBN 0-300-10296-8. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Gold Marilyn Monroe". www.MoMa.org. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Fallon, Michael (2011). How to Analyze the Works of Andy Warhol. North Mankato, Minnesota, United States of America: ABDO Publishing Company. pp. 44–46. ISBN 978-1-61613-534-8. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Vogel, Carol. "Inside Art". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 June 2014.
External links[edit]
NASA: Landsat
UCSC
NASA (web archive)
NASA: Chandra
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List of films featuring time loops
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This list of films featuring time loops where characters experience the same period of time repeatedly. The list provides the names and brief synopses of films in which time loops are a prominent plot device.

List[edit]
Film
Year
Description
12 Dates of Christmas 2011 Kate finds herself reliving Christmas Eve (including a blind date with a man named Miles) over and over again. She must discover how to break the cycle – should she attempt to win back her ex-boyfriend Jack, should she pursue Miles, or something else?[1]
12:01 1993 Office worker Barry Thomas is forced to relive the worst day of his life.[2]
12:01 PM 1990 This is the first film adaptation of the short story "12:01 PM" by Richard A. Lupoff, which was published in 1973 in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction. It originally aired on cable television as part of the Showtime 30-Minute Movie anthology series. It was nominated for an Academy Award.[3]
A Day 2017 A father attempts to save his daughter whilst stuck in an endless time loop.[4]
About Time 2013 Tim Lake learns from his father that all male members of the family possess the ability to travel back in time. Tim decides to use his new powers to improve his love life.[5]
ARQ 2016 An engineer, whose invention causes time to loop during a home invasion, attempts to save his former lover, while learning who has targeted him and why.[6]
Before I Fall 2017 A popular high school senior finds herself reliving the same day over and over.[7]
Blood Punch 2013 A trio visits a remote cabin for a one-time criminal endeavor and finds each member independently reliving the same day.[citation needed]
Camp Slaughter (also known as Camp Daze) 2005 A group of present-day teenagers are sent back to 1981, and discover a summer camp which is stuck reliving the day a demented killer went on a rampage.[8]
Christmas Every Day 1996 An American television movie based on William Dean Howells' 1892 short story "Christmas Every Day". A selfish teenager is forced to relive the same Christmas every day.[9]
Dead End 2003 A family seems to relive an eerie night-time drive along a forest road.[10]
Doctor Strange 2016 Stephen Strange captures himself in a time loop to prevent Dormammu from winning and save the world from becoming another one of his dark dimensions.[11]
Edge of Tomorrow (also known as Live. Die. Repeat: Edge of Tomorrow) 2014 Maj. William "Bill" Cage (Tom Cruise) and Special Forces soldier Rita Vrataski (Emily Blunt) team up to fight a hostile alien race known as Mimics, with Cage continually returning to a repeating battle through a time loop.[12]
The Endless 2017 Two brothers return to the ‘UFO death cult’ camp where they were raised in this thoughtful indie sci-fi. [13]
The Girl Who Leapt Through Time 2006 A high school student discovers her powers of time traveling and uses them to her amusement. Little does she know that changes in the past end up effecting the lives of her loved ones.[14]
Groundhog Day 1993 Self-centered television weatherman Phil Connors (Bill Murray) is forced to relive the same day over and over again. He is freed after he changes his ways for the better.[15]
Happy Death Day 2017 A snobby young woman finds herself murdered at her birthday party. She wakes up the morning of her death, alive, facing the same day over and over again.[16]
Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban 2004 Harry Potter and his friend Hermione Granger use a Time Turner magic charm to help rescue their friend Sirius Black.[17]
Haunter 2013 The ghost of a teenager, Lisa Johnson (Abigail Breslin) who, along with her family, keeps reliving the same day (although she is the only one aware of it) tries to protect a young girl, Olivia (Eleanor Zichy) and her family from a dead serial killer, the Pale Man (Stephen McHattie) who can possess the living.[18]
If Only 2004 A man (Paul Nicholls) tries to avert destiny when he gets an opportunity to relive the day his lover (Jennifer Love Hewitt) died in an auto accident.[citation needed]
The Infinite Man 2014 After a romantic weekend break with his girlfriend goes awry, a scientist invents time travel in order to create for her the prefect getaway, but inadvertently traps her in a recurring temporal loop.[19]
The Last Day of Summer 2007 11-year-old Luke gets his wish that every day could be the last day of summer.[20]
Mickey's Once Upon a Christmas 1999 Huey, Dewey, and Louie must repeat Christmas Day until they come to learn the true meaning of Christmas.[21]
Mine Games 2012 A group of friends vacationing in the woods discover their own corpses and realize they are trapped in a time loop which they attempt to break.[22]
Mirror for a Hero 1987 Zerkalo dlya geroya a Soviet Union film by Vladimir Khotinenko. Two heroes circle multiple times in 1949, adapting to the harsh post-war life, meeting the parents of one of them, finally returning to the present time, having reassessed their attitude towards elders.[23][24]
Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children 2016
Naked 2017 Rob is caught in a time loop as he keeps waking up naked in a hotel elevator on the day of his wedding.[25] This is a remake of the 2000 Swedish film, Naken.
Naken 2000 On the day of his wedding, Anders wakes up naked in an elevator. As he attempts to piece together the reason for his predicament, the day repeats itself, and he becomes stuck in a time loop.[25]
Pete's Christmas 2013 Pete has to keep repeating his Christmas Day, so he can make it right. Pete experienced the worst Christmas in his life, so he has to fix it.
Time Lapse 2014 Three friends discover a photo machine that shows pictures a day into the future. After they use it for personal gain, disturbing and dangerous photos begin to develop.
Predestination 2014 An agent for the Temporal Agency is sent back in time to prevent unwanted events in the past so they cannot occur in the present, all while chasing an unidentifiable terrorist.[26]
Premature 2014 Rob, a high school senior, has to re-live losing his virginity over and over again until he gets it right, with the right girl.[27]
Primer 2004 Two engineers accidentally develop a means to travel back in time several hours, but soon come at odds over how to use their discovery, and each start using their own version of time travel to outwit the other.[28]
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time 2010 Set in the mystical lands of Persia, a rogue prince and a mysterious princess race against dark forces to safeguard an ancient dagger capable of releasing the Sands of Time — a gift from the gods that can reverse time and allow its possessor to rule the world.[citation needed]
Puella Magi Madoka Magica: The Movie 2012 Homura Akemi has the ability to travel 30 days back in time, and has done so countless of times. Each month, Homura fails in her attempts to save Madoka Kaname from destruction, and is forced to relive the tragedy of losing Madoka.[29]
Repeat Performance 1947 A woman shoots her husband on New Year's Eve 1946 then wishes that she could relive the year all over again. Will she make the same choice a second time?[30]
Repeaters 2010 A group of inmates at a rehabilitation facility are forced to repeat the same day over and over again.[31]
Retroactive 1997 A psychiatrist makes multiple trips through time to save a woman who was murdered by her husband.[32]
Run Lola Run 1998 A woman needs to obtain 100,000 Deutsche Mark in twenty minutes to save her boyfriend's life—and she gets more than one try.[33]
Salvage 2006 Claire encounters horror and murder after finishing a day working at a convenience store, not once but many times. An official selection of the 2006 Sundance Festival.[34]
Source Code 2011 U.S. Army Aviation pilot Captain Colter Stevens repeatedly experiences the last eight minutes of another person's life to identify the bomber in a terrorist attack in order to prevent a second, nuclear attack on Chicago.[35]
Stork Day 2004 An Italian television star who is filming a documentary in Tenerife relives August 13 over and over. Based on Groundhog Day.[36]
Timecrimes 2007 Hector, a middle-aged man, is chased by an unidentified bandaged man. He meets a scientist with a time machine, and travels a short period back in time to briefly escape the unknown assailant.[37]
Triangle 2009 A group of friends go on boat trip and become stranded due to a storm. They discover a cruise ship which causes them to experience a series of repeating events.[38]
Turn Back the Clock 1933 After marrying for love, tobacconist Joe is hit by a car, and wakes up 20 years in the past. He decides to relive his life and marry a wealthy woman instead of his true love.[39][40]
Urusei Yatsura 2: Beautiful Dreamer 1984 The students of Tomobiki high school relive the day before the school festival over and over again. It is eventually revealed that the students are actually in a dream.[41][42][43]
When We First Met 2018 Using a magical photo booth that sends him back in time, Noah relives the night he met Avery over and over, trying to persuade her to fall for him.[44]
See also[edit]
Film portal
List of time travel works of fiction
Time travel
Time travel in fiction
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Griffiths, John (6 December 2011). "12 Dates of Christmas". US Weekly. Retrieved 7 May 2014.
Jump up ^ "It's like Groundhog Day, but different. What is it?". TV Guide. Retrieved 2014-03-27.
Jump up ^ "1990 (63rd): Short Film (Live Action)". Academy Awards Database. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02.
Jump up ^ Lee, Hyo-won (7 July 2017). "Cannes: South Korean Time Travel Film 'A Day' Sells to Multiple Territories". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Rotten Tomatoes https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/about_time/. Retrieved 2018-03-04. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ Tsoumbakos, Rachel (2016-09-01). "The Latest Netflix Original Movie 'ARQ' Is A Dystopian Time Loop Adventure". The Inquisitr. Retrieved 2016-10-26.
Jump up ^ Felperin, Leslie (23 January 2017). "'Before I Fall': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Wheeler, Jeremy. "Camp Slaughter (2005)". The New York Times. AllRovi. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Caro, Jason. "Christmas Every Day". Radio Times. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
Jump up ^ "Dead End - Horror Movie Reviews". JoBlo.com. Retrieved 28 September 2016. Quick-lipped Frank (Wise) and his family are driving down an interstate on their way to a X-Mas family gathering. But when good old Frankie decides to take a 'shortcut', they find themselves on a never ending road that is plagued with mysterious happenings.
Jump up ^ Couch, Aaron (26 November 2016). "'Doctor Strange' Writer on Time-Bending Twist and What It Means for Marvel's Future". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
Jump up ^ Gettell, Oliver (2014-03-25). "'Edge of Tomorrow' trailer: Tom Cruise fights an eternal battle". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2014-03-28.
Jump up ^ "The Endless review – playful and unnerving". The Guardian. Retrieved 2018-07-01.
Jump up ^ "The Girl Who Leapt Through Time". IMDb. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
Jump up ^ Fischer, Russ (2011-02-02). "'Groundhog Day:' Just How Long Was Phil Connors Stuck in a Time Loop?". Slashfilm. Retrieved 2014-03-27.
Jump up ^ Hall, Jacob (15 June 2017). "'Happy Death Day' Trailer: 'Groundhog Day' With a Lot More Murder". /Film. Retrieved 16 June 2017.
Jump up ^ McHenry, Jackson (1 August 2016). "Wait, How Does Time Travel Work in Harry Potter?". Vulture. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Rotten, Doc. "Film Review: Haunter (2013)". HorrorNews. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Hedone. "Hedone / The Infinite Man". Retrieved 24 Feb 2018.
Jump up ^ Gutierrez, Reuben (2007). "The Last Day of Summer DVD Review". DVDizzy.com. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Rain Fordem, Kajsa (24 December 2015). "Rotoscopers' 12 Days of Christmas: 'The Polar Express'". Rotoscopers. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Bellete, Kwenton (17 August 2012). "MIFF 2012 Review: MINE GAMES world premiere". Screen Anarchy. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Bratersky, Alexander (29 July 2013). "'Alterum' Dance Troupe to Conquer Middle East". The Moscow Times. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Keller, Bill; Times, Special to the New York (23 April 1988). "A Movie Tribute for Stalin Generation". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Fleming Jr, Mike (21 September 2016). "Netflix Gets 'Naked' With Marlon Wayans & Regina Hall". Deadline. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
Jump up ^ Sobczynski, Peter (January 9, 2015). "Predestination Movie Review & Film Summary (2015)". rogerebert.com. Ebert Digital. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Leydon, Joe (2 July 2014). "Film Review: 'Premature'". Variety. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (October 28, 2004). "Primer". rogerebert.com. Ebert Digital. Retrieved June 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Loveridge, Lynzee (2013-08-10). "8 Essential Time-Travelling Heroines". Anime News Network.
Jump up ^ "Repeat Performance / He Walked By Night". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Alex Billington (2010-08-31). "Watch: Carl Bessai's Time Loop Sci-Fi Film 'Repeaters' Trailer". First Showing. Retrieved 2014-03-28.
Jump up ^ Bailey, Keith. "Retroactive". Radio Times. Retrieved 2015-11-23.
Jump up ^ Buckland, Warren (2009). Puzzle Films: Complex Storytelling in contemporary cinema. Chichester, West Sussex, U.K.: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 129–150. ISBN 9781444305715. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
Jump up ^ Chang, Justin (31 January 2006). "Review: 'Salvage'". Variety. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Lawler, Kelley (6 June 2014). "It's still 'Groundhog Day': The 4 best time-loop movies". USA TODAY. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Marshall, Lee (21 January 2004). "Stork Day (E Gia Ieri)". Screen Daily. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
Jump up ^ King, Kris (30 January 2014). "Best of: Time Loops (Time Loops [Time Loops])". Nitehawk Cinema. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Li, Shirley (2009-10-01). "Triangle Review". Empire (film magazine). Retrieved 2018-07-09.
Jump up ^ Erickson, Hal. "Turn Back the Clock (1933)". Rovi Corporation. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014. Retrieved May 7, 2014. Lee Tracy is a middle-aged, middle-class man dissatisfied with his life. If he'd only married the girl he wanted to and had been a smarter businessman (he believes), things would have been better... Tracy comes to regret his "new" life and yearns for things to go back to normal--but will they?
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt (28 August 1933). "Movie Review - - Lee Tracy as an Indignant Husband Who "Lives" Twenty Years of His Life Over Again". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 September 2017. ... there are moments that bring to mind Mark Twain's classic yarn, A Connecticut Yankee at the Court of King Arthur and also such plays as The Road to Yesterday, Captain Applejack, Berkeley Square and The Wisdom Tooth. The hero of the current work, who glories in the name of Joe Gimlet, is, however, a conservative dreamer who contents himself by living the last twenty years of his life over again.
Jump up ^ Hartl, John (September 3, 1998). "Disney Will Distribute Animated Japanese Movie". Seattle Times. Retrieved May 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ French, Todd (July 1996). "Reviews". Cinefantastique. 27 (11/12): 123. Retrieved April 28, 2017. The student body of Tomobiki High experiences a major cause of deja vu when they find themselves endlessly repeating "the day before the School Festival."
Jump up ^ "Oshii says dissatisfaction behind 'eternal youth'". The Daily Yomiuri. August 1, 2008. p. 18. The sequel, 1984's Urusei Yatsura 2: Beautiful Dreamer, meanwhile, included a gut-wrenching philosophical aspect into the storyline. In the movie, the characters relive the night before a school festival over and over, eventually blurring the line between reality and fantasy. The concept and execution took that film beyond mere anime geared toward kids. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "When We First Met | Netflix Official Site". www.netflix.com. Retrieved 2018-05-20.
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