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Montreal Canadiens
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This article is about the NHL hockey team. For the NHA hockey team, see Les Canadiens. For the women's hockey team, see Les Canadiennes de Montreal. For Canadien people of Montreal, see Canadien, Canadian, and Montrealer.
Montreal Canadiens
Canadiens de Montréal
2017–18 Montreal Canadiens season
Conference
Eastern
Division
Atlantic
Founded
1909
History
Montreal Canadiens
1910–1917 (NHA)
1917–present (NHL)
Home arena
Bell Centre
City
Montreal, Quebec
Colours
Red, white, blue[1][2]
Media
English
TSN
TSN Radio 690
French
RDS
98.5 FM
Owner(s)
Molson family (majority owner)
(Geoff Molson, chairman[3])
General manager
Marc Bergevin
Head coach
Claude Julien
Captain
Max Pacioretty
Minor league affiliates
Laval Rocket (AHL)
Brampton Beast (ECHL)
Stanley Cups
24 (1915–16, 1923–24, 1929–30, 1930–31, 1943–44, 1945–46, 1952–53, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1957–58, 1958–59, 1959–60, 1964–65, 1965–66, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1970–71, 1972–73, 1975–76, 1976–77, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1985–86, 1992–93)[note 1]
Conference championships
8 (1975–76, 1976–77, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1980–81, 1985–86, 1988–89, 1992–93)
Presidents' Trophy
0[note 2]
Division championships
24 (1927–28, 1928–29, 1930–31, 1931–32, 1936–37, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1972–73, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1984–85, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1991–92, 2007–08, 2012–13, 2014–15, 2016–17)
Official website
nhl.com/canadiens
The Montreal Canadiens[note 3] (French: Les Canadiens de Montréal) are a professional ice hockey team based in Montreal, Quebec. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL).
The club's official name is le Club de hockey Canadien.[4] The team is frequently referred to in English and French as the Habs. French nicknames for the team include Les Canadiens (or Le Canadien), Le Bleu-Blanc-Rouge, La Sainte-Flanelle, Le Tricolore, Les Glorieux (or Nos Glorieux), Le CH, Le Grand Club and Les Habitants (from which "Habs" is derived).
Founded in 1909, the Canadiens are the longest continuously operating professional ice hockey team worldwide, and the only existing NHL club to predate the founding of the NHL. One of the oldest North American professional sports franchises, the Canadiens' history predates that of every other Canadian franchise outside of football as well as every American franchise outside of baseball and the National Football League's Arizona Cardinals. The franchise is one of the "Original Six" teams, a description used for the teams that made up the NHL from 1942 until the 1967 expansion. The team's championship season in 1992–93 was the last time a Canadian team won the Stanley Cup.[5]
The Canadiens have won the Stanley Cup more times than any other franchise. They have won 24 Stanley Cups, 23 of them since the founding of the NHL and 22 of them since 1927, when NHL teams became the only ones to compete for the Stanley Cup.[6] On a percentage basis, as of 2014, the franchise has won 25.3% of all Stanley Cup championships contested after the Challenge Cup era, making it the second most successful professional sports team of the traditional four major sports of Canada and the United States, behind only the Boston Celtics.[note 4][7][8]
Since 1996, the Canadiens have played their home games at Bell Centre, originally known as Molson Centre.[9] The team previously played at the Montreal Forum which housed the team for seven decades and all but their first two Stanley Cup championships.[note 5]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Team identity
2.1 Crest and sweater design
2.2 Motto
2.3 Mascot
2.4 Rivalries
3 Broadcasting
4 Season-by-season record
5 Players and personnel
5.1 Current roster
5.2 Honoured members
5.2.1 Retired numbers
5.2.2 Hockey Hall of Fame
5.3 Team captains
5.4 Head coaches
6 Franchise individual records
6.1 Franchise scoring leaders
6.2 Records – skaters
6.3 Records – goaltenders
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
Main article: History of the Montreal Canadiens
The Canadiens were founded by J. Ambrose O'Brien on December 4, 1909, as a charter member of the National Hockey Association,[10][11] the forerunner to the National Hockey League. It was to be the team of the francophone community in Montreal, composed of francophone players, and under francophone ownership as soon as possible.[12] The team's first season was not a success, as they placed last. After the first year, ownership was transferred to George Kennedy of Montreal and the team's fortunes improved over the next seasons.[13] The team won its first Stanley Cup championship in the 1915–16 season.[14] In 1917, with four other NHA teams, the Canadiens formed the NHL,[15] and they won their first NHL Stanley Cup during the 1923–24 season, led by Howie Morenz.[16] The team moved from the Mount Royal Arena to the Montreal Forum for the 1926–27 season.[17]
The club began the 1930s decade successfully, with Stanley Cup wins in 1930 and 1931. The Canadiens and its then-Montreal rival, the Montreal Maroons, declined both on the ice and economically during the Great Depression. Losses grew to the point where the team owners considering selling the team to interests in Cleveland, Ohio, though local investors were ultimately found to finance the Canadiens.[18] The Maroons still suspended operations, and several of their players moved to the Canadiens.[19]
Game between the Canadiens and the New York Rangers in 1962.
Led by the "Punch Line" of Maurice "Rocket" Richard, Toe Blake and Elmer Lach in the 1940s, the Canadiens enjoyed success again atop the NHL. From 1953 to 1960, the franchise won six Stanley Cups, including a record five straight from 1956 to 1960, with a new set of stars coming to prominence: Jean Beliveau, Dickie Moore, Doug Harvey, Bernie "Boom Boom" Geoffrion, Jacques Plante and Richard's younger brother, Henri.[20]
The Canadiens added ten more championships in 15 seasons from 1965 to 1979, with another dynastic run of four-straight Cups from 1976 to 1979.[21] In the 1976–77 season, the Canadiens set two still-standing team records – for most points, with 132, and fewest losses, by only losing eight games in an 80-game season.[22] The next season, 1977–78, the team had a 28-game unbeaten streak, the second-longest in NHL history.[23] The next generation of stars included Guy Lafleur, Yvan Cournoyer, Ken Dryden, Pete Mahovlich, Jacques Lemaire, Pierre Larouche, Steve Shutt, Bob Gainey, Serge Savard, Guy Lapointe and Larry Robinson. Scotty Bowman, who would later set a record for most NHL victories by a coach, was the team's head coach for its last five Stanley Cup victories in the 1970s.[24]
Bell Centre has been the Canadiens' home venue since 1996. The arena is here seen in 2008, with banners celebrating the Montreal Canadiens centennial.
The Canadiens won Stanley Cups in 1986, led by rookie star goaltender Patrick Roy,[25] and in 1993, continuing their streak of winning at least one championship in every decade from the 1910s to the 1990s (this streak came to an end in the 2000s).[26] In 1996, the Habs moved from the Montreal Forum, their home during 70 seasons and 22 Stanley Cups, to Molson Centre (now called Bell Centre).[27]
Following Roy's departure in 1995, the Canadiens fell into an extended stretch of mediocrity,[28] missing the playoffs in four of their next ten seasons and failing to advance past the second round of the playoffs until 2010.[29] By the late 1990s, with both an ailing team and monetary losses exacerbated by a record-low value of the Canadian dollar, Montreal fans feared their team would end up relocated to the United States. Team owner Molson Brewery sold control of the franchise and the Molson Centre to American businessman George N. Gillett Jr. in 2001, with the right of first refusal for any future sale by Gillett and a condition that the NHL Board of Governors must unanimously approve any attempt to move to a new city.[30] Led by president Pierre Boivin, the Canadiens returned to being a lucrative enterprise, earning additional revenues from broadcasting and arena events. In 2009, Gillett sold the franchise to a consortium led by the Molson family which included The Woodbridge Company, BCE/Bell, the Fonds de solidarité FTQ, Michael Andlauer, Luc Bertrand and the National Bank Financial Group for $575 million, more than double the $275 million he spent on the purchase eight years prior.[31][32]
During the 2008–09 season, the Canadiens celebrated their 100th anniversary with various events,[33] including hosting both the 2009 NHL All-Star Game,[34] and the 2009 NHL Entry Draft.[35] The Canadiens became the first team in NHL history to reach 3,000 victories with their 5–2 victory over the Florida Panthers on December 29, 2008.[36]
Team identity[edit]
Further information: History of the Montreal Canadiens
The current Montreal Canadiens wordmark logo.
The Canadiens organization operates in both English and French. For many years, public address announcements and press releases have been given in both languages, and the team Web site and social media outlets are in both languages as well. At home games, the first stanza of O Canada is sung in French, and the chorus is sung in English.
Crest and sweater design[edit]
Original design of the "CHC" logo. (1917–19, 1921–22)
One of sport's oldest and most recognizable logos, the classic 'C' and 'H' of the Montreal Canadiens was first used together in the 1917–18 season, when the club changed its name to "Club de hockey Canadien" from "Club athlétique Canadien",[37] before evolving to its current form in 1952–53. The "H" stands for "hockey", not "Habitants," a popular misconception.[38] According to NHL.com, the first man to refer to the team as "the Habs" was American Tex Rickard, owner of the Madison Square Garden, in 1924. Rickard apparently told a reporter that the "H" on the Canadiens' sweaters was for "Habitants".[39]
The team's colours since 1911 are blue, red, and white. The home sweater is predominantly red in colour. There are four blue and white stripes, one across each arm, one across the chest and the other across the waistline. The main road sweater is mainly white with a red and blue stripe across the waist, red at the end of both arm sleeves red shoulder yokes. The basic design has been in use since 1914 and took its current form in 1925, generally evolving as materials changed.[40] Because of the team's lengthy history and significance in Quebec, the sweater has been referred to as 'La Sainte-Flanelle' (the holy flannel sweater).
The Canadiens used multiple designs prior to adopting the aforementioned design in 1914. The original shirt of the 1909–10 season was blue with a white C. The second season had a red shirt featuring a green maple leaf with the C logo, and green pants. Lastly, the season before adopting the current look the Canadiens wore a "barber pole" design jersey with red, white and blue stripes, and the logo being a white maple leaf reading "CAC", "Club athlétique Canadien".[40] All three designs were worn during the 2009–10 season as part of the Canadiens centenary.[41]
The Canadiens' colours are a readily identifiable aspect of French Canadian culture. In the short story "The Hockey Sweater", Roch Carrier described the influence of the Canadiens and their jersey within rural Quebec communities during the 1940s.[42] The story was later made into an animated short, The Sweater, narrated by Carrier.[43] A passage from the short story appears on the 2002 issue of the Canadian five-dollar bill.[44][45]
Motto[edit]
Nos bras meurtris vous tendent le flambeau, à vous toujours de le porter bien haut.
To you from failing hands we throw the torch. Be yours to hold it high.
The motto is from the poem "In Flanders Fields" by John McCrae, which was written in 1915, the year before the Canadiens won their first Stanley Cup championship. The motto appears on the wall of the Canadiens' dressing room as well as on the inside collar of the new Adidas 2017–18 jerseys.[46]
Mascot[edit]
Beginning in the 2004–05 NHL season, the Canadiens adopted Youppi! as their official mascot, the first costumed mascot in their long history. Youppi was the longtime mascot for the Montreal Expos baseball team, but was dropped from the franchise when they moved to Washington, D.C. in 2004 and became the Washington Nationals. With the switch, Youppi became the first mascot in professional sports to switch leagues.[47]
Rivalries[edit]
Main articles: Bruins–Canadiens rivalry and Canadiens–Maple Leafs rivalry
The Canadiens have developed strong rivalries with two fellow Original Six franchises, with whom they frequently shared divisions and competed in post-season play. The oldest is with the Toronto Maple Leafs, who first faced the Canadiens as the Toronto Arenas in 1917. The teams met 15 times in the playoffs, including five Stanley Cup finals. Featuring the two largest cities in Canada and two of the largest fanbases in the league, the rivalry is sometimes dramatized as being emblematic of Canada's English and French linguistic divide.[48][49] From 1938 to 1970, they were the only two Canadian teams in the league.
The team's other Original Six rival are the Boston Bruins, who since their NHL debut in 1924 have played the Canadiens more than any other team in both regular season play and the playoffs combined. The teams have played 34 playoff series, seven of which were in the finals.[50][51]
The Canadiens also had an intraprovincial rivalry with the Quebec Nordiques during its existence from 1979 to 1995, nicknamed the "Battle of Quebec."
Broadcasting[edit]
Montreal Canadiens games are broadcast locally in both the French and English languages. CHMP 98.5 is the Canadiens' French-language radio flagship.[52] As of the 2017–18 season, the team's regional television in both languages, and its English-language radio rights, are held by Bell Media.[53] CKGM, TSN Radio 690, is the English-language radio flagship; it acquired the rights under a seven-year deal which began in the 2011–12 season.[54] In June 2017, Bell Media reached a five-year extension.[53]
Regional television rights in French are held by Réseau des sports (RDS) under a 12-year deal that began in the 2014–15 NHL season.[55] A sister to the English-language network TSN, RDS was the only French-language sports channel in Canada until the 2011 launch of TVA Sports,[56] and was also the previous national French rightsholder of the NHL; as a result, the Canadiens forewent a separate regional contract, and allowed all of its games to be televised nationally in French as part of RDS's overall NHL rights.[57]
With TVA Sports becoming the national French rightsholder in the 2014–15 season through a sub-licensing agreement with Sportsnet,[57] RDS subsequently announced a 12-year deal to maintain regional rights to Canadiens games not shown on TVA Sports. As a result, games on RDS are blacked out outside the Canadiens' home market of Quebec, Atlantic Canada and parts of Eastern Ontario shared with the Ottawa Senators.[55] At least 22 Canadiens games per season (primarily through its Saturday night La super soirée LNH), including all playoff games, are televised nationally by TVA Sports.[58][59]
TSN2 assumed the English-language regional television rights in the 2017–18 season, with John Bartlett on play-by-play, and Dave Poulin, Mike Johnson and Craig Button on colour commentary.[60][53] All other games, including all playoff games, are televised nationally by Sportsnet or CBC.[61]
English-language regional rights were previously held by Sportsnet East (with CJNT City Montreal as an overflow channel), under a 3-year deal that expired after the 2016–17 season; the games were called by Bartlett and Jason York. Prior to this deal, TSN held the rights from 2010 through 2014; the games were broadcast on a part-time channel with Dave Randorf on play-by-play.[62][52][63]
Season-by-season record[edit]
This is a list of the last five seasons completed by the Canadiens. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Montreal Canadiens seasons.
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against
Season GP W L OTL Pts GF GA Finish Playoffs
2013–14 82 46 28 8 100 215 205 3rd, Atlantic Lost in Conference Finals, 2–4 (Rangers)
2014–15 82 50 22 10 110 221 189 1st, Atlantic Lost in Second Round, 2–4 (Lightning)
2015–16 82 38 38 6 82 221 236 6th, Atlantic Did not qualify
2016–17 82 47 26 9 103 226 199 1st, Atlantic Lost in First Round, 2–4 (Rangers)
2017–18 82 29 40 13 71 209 264 6th, Atlantic Did not qualify
Players and personnel[edit]
Current roster[edit]
view
talk
edit
Updated April 8, 2018[64][65]
#
Nat
Player
Pos
S/G
Age
Acquired
Birthplace
7001220000000000000♠22
Canada ! Alzner, KarlKarl Alzner 2.0 !D L 29 2017 Burnaby, British Columbia
7000800000000000000♠8
Canada ! Benn, JordieJordie Benn 2.0 !D L 30 2017 Victoria, British Columbia
7001410000000000000♠41
Canada ! Byron, PaulPaul Byron 6.0 !LW L 29 2015 Ottawa, Ontario
7001430000000000000♠43
Canada ! Carr, DanielDaniel Carr 6.0 !LW L 26 2014 Sherwood Park, Alberta
7001240000000000000♠24
Canada ! Danault, PhillipPhillip Danault 4.0 !C L 25 2016 Victoriaville, Quebec
7001250000000000000♠25
Sweden ! de la Rose, JacobJacob de la Rose 6.0 !LW L 23 2013 Arvika, Sweden
7001200000000000000♠20
Canada ! Deslauriers, NicolasNicolas Deslauriers 6.0 !LW L 27 2017 LaSalle, Quebec
7001920000000000000♠92
Canada ! Drouin, JonathanJonathan Drouin 4.0 !C L 23 2017 Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts, Quebec
7001420000000000000♠42
Canada ! Froese, ByronByron Froese 4.0 !C R 27 2017 Winkler, Manitoba
7001270000000000000♠27
United States ! Galchenyuk, AlexAlex Galchenyuk 6.0 !LW L 24 2012 Milwaukee, Wisconsin
7001110000000000000♠11
Canada ! Gallagher, BrendanBrendan Gallagher (A) 7.0 !RW R 26 2010 Edmonton, Alberta
7001830000000000000♠83
Czech Republic ! Hemsky, AlesAles Hemsky 7.0 !RW R 34 2017 Pardubice, Czechoslovakia
7001540000000000000♠54
Canada ! Hudon, CharlesCharles Hudon 6.0 !LW L 23 2012 Alma, Quebec
7001580000000000000♠58
Canada ! Juulsen, NoahNoah Juulsen 2.0 !D R 21 2015 Abbotsford, British Columbia
7001620000000000000♠62
Finland ! Lehkonen, ArtturiArtturi Lehkonen 7.0 !RW L 22 2013 Piikkio, Finland
7001530000000000000♠53
Canada ! Mete, VictorVictor Mete 2.0 !D L 19 2016 Woodbridge, Ontario
7001370000000000000♠37
Finland ! Niemi, AnttiAntti Niemi 1.0 !G L 34 2017 Vantaa, Finland
7001670000000000000♠67
United States ! Pacioretty, MaxMax Pacioretty (C) 6.0 !LW L 29 2007 New Canaan, Connecticut
7001260000000000000♠26
United States ! Petry, JeffJeff Petry 2.0 !D R 30 2015 Ann Arbor, Michigan
7001310000000000000♠31
Canada ! Price, CareyCarey Price 1.0 !G L 30 2005 Anahim Lake, British Columbia
7001280000000000000♠28
United States ! Reilly, MikeMike Reilly 2.0 !D L 24 2018 Chicago, Illinois
7001380000000000000♠38
Russia ! Scherbak, NikitaNikita Scherbak 7.0 !RW L 22 2014 Moscow, Russia
7001210000000000000♠21
Canada ! Schlemko, DavidDavid Schlemko 2.0 !D L 31 2017 Edmonton, Alberta
7001650000000000000♠65
Canada ! Shaw, AndrewAndrew Shaw 4.0 !C R 26 2016 Belleville, Ontario
7001490000000000000♠49
Canada ! Shaw, LoganLogan Shaw 7.0 !RW R 25 2018 Glace Bay, Nova Scotia
7000600000000000000♠6
Canada ! Weber, SheaShea Weber (A) 2.0 !D R 32 2016 Sicamous, British Columbia

Honoured members[edit]
Further information: List of Montreal Canadiens award winners
Retired numbers at Centre Bell.
Retired numbers[edit]
The Canadiens have retired 15 numbers in honour of 18 players,[66] the most of any team in the NHL. All of the honourees were born in Canada. Howie Morenz was the first honouree, on November 2, 1937.[67] The NHL retired Wayne Gretzky's No. 99 for all its member teams at the 2000 NHL All-Star Game.[68]
Montreal Canadiens retired numbers
No.
Player
Position
Tenure
Date of honour
1 Plante, JacquesJacques Plante G 1952–1963 October 7, 1995
2 Harvey, DougDoug Harvey D 1947–1961 October 26, 1985
3 Bouchard, EmileEmile Bouchard D 1941–1956 December 4, 2009
4 Beliveau, JeanJean Beliveau C 1950–1971 October 9, 1971
5 Geoffrion, BernieBernie Geoffrion RW 1950–1964 March 11, 2006
Lapointe, GuyGuy Lapointe D 1968–1982 November 8, 2014
7 Morenz, HowieHowie Morenz C 1923–1937 November 2, 1937
9 Richard, MauriceMaurice Richard RW 1942–1960 October 6, 1960
10 Lafleur, GuyGuy Lafleur RW 1971–1985 February 16, 1985
12 Moore, DickieDickie Moore LW 1951–1963 November 12, 2005
Cournoyer, YvanYvan Cournoyer RW 1963–1979 November 12, 2005
16 Richard, HenriHenri Richard C 1955–1975 December 10, 1975
Lach, ElmerElmer Lach C 1940–1954 December 4, 2009
18 Savard, SergeSerge Savard D 1966–1981 November 18, 2006
19 Robinson, LarryLarry Robinson D 1972–1989 November 19, 2007
23 Gainey, BobBob Gainey LW 1973–1989 February 23, 2008
29 Dryden, KenKen Dryden G 1970–1979 January 29, 2007
33 Roy, PatrickPatrick Roy G 1984–1996 November 22, 2008
Hockey Hall of Fame[edit]
The Montreal Canadiens have an affiliation with a number of inductees to the Hockey Hall of Fame. Sixty-four inductees from the players category are affiliated with the Canadiens. Thirty-six of these players are from three separate notable dynasties: 12 from 1955–60, 11 from 1964–69 and 13 from 1975–79. Howie Morenz and Georges Vezina were the first Canadiens given the honour in 1945, while Mark Recchi was the most recently inducted, in 2017. Along with players, a number of inductees from the builders category are affiliated with the club. The first inductee was Vice-President William Northey in 1945. The most recent inductee was head coach Pat Burns in 2014.[69]
In addition to players and builders, five broadcasters for the Montreal Canadiens were also awarded the Foster Hewitt Memorial Award from the Hockey Hall of Fame. The first two recipients of the award were Danny Gallivan and Rene Lecavalier in 1984. The other three award recipients include Doug Smith (1985), Dick Irvin (1988), and Gilles Tremblay (2002).[70]
Montreal Canadiens Hall of Famers
Hall of Fame players
Marty Barry
Sprague Cleghorn
Tony Esposito
Joe Hall
Newsy Lalonde
Frank Mahovlich
Buddy O'Connor
Henri Richard
Steve Shutt
Roy Worters Jean Beliveau
Yvan Cournoyer
Bob Gainey
Doug Harvey
Rod Langway
Joe Malone
Bert Olmstead
Maurice Richard
Babe Siebert
Toe Blake
Gord Drillon
Herb Gardiner
Tom Johnson
Jacques Laperriere
Sylvio Mantha
Didier Pitre
Larry Robinson
Tommy Smith Emile Bouchard
Ken Dryden
Bernard Geoffrion
Aurele Joliat
Guy Lapointe
Dickie Moore
Jacques Plante
Patrick Roy
Rogatien Vachon
Harry Cameron
Dick Duff
Doug Gilmour
Elmer Lach
Jack Laviolette
Howie Morenz
Ken Reardon
Denis Savard
Georges Vezina
Chris Chelios
Bill Durnan
George Hainsworth
Guy Lafleur
Jacques Lemaire
Reg Noble
Mark Recchi
Serge Savard
Gump Worsley
Hall of Fame builders
Scotty Bowman
Hartland Molson
Pat Burns
William Northey
Joe Cattarinich
Ambrose O'Brien
Leo Dandurand
Sam Pollock
Tommy Gorman
Donat Raymond
Dick Irvin
Frank Selke
Team captains[edit]
Jack Laviolette, 1909–1910
Newsy Lalonde, 1910–1911
Jack Laviolette, 1911–1912
Newsy Lalonde, 1912–1913
Jimmy Gardner, 1913–1915
Howard McNamara, 1915–1916
Newsy Lalonde, 1916–1922
Sprague Cleghorn, 1922–1925
Billy Coutu, 1925–1926
Sylvio Mantha, 1926–1932
George Hainsworth, 1932–1933
Sylvio Mantha, 1933–1936
Albert "Babe" Siebert, 1936–1939
Walter Buswell, 1939–1940
Toe Blake, 1940–1948
Bill Durnan, 1948 (January–April)
Emile Bouchard, 1948–1956
Maurice Richard, 1956–1960
Doug Harvey, 1960–1961
Jean Beliveau, 1961–1971
Henri Richard, 1971–1975
Yvan Cournoyer, 1975–1979
Serge Savard, 1979–1981
Bob Gainey, 1981–1989
Guy Carbonneau and Chris Chelios, 1989–1990 (co-captains)
Guy Carbonneau, 1990–1994
Kirk Muller, 1994–1995
Mike Keane, 1995 (April–December)
Pierre Turgeon, 1995–1996
Vincent Damphousse, 1996–1999
Saku Koivu, 1999–2009
Brian Gionta, 2010–2014
Max Pacioretty, 2015–present
Head coaches[edit]
Main article: List of Montreal Canadiens head coaches
Joe Cattarinich and Jack Laviolette, 1909–1910
Adolphe Lecours, 1911
Napoleon Dorval, 1911–1913
Jimmy Gardner, 1913–1915
Newsy Lalonde, 1915–1921
Leo Dandurand, 1921–1926
Cecil Hart, 1926–1932
Newsy Lalonde, 1932–1934
Newsy Lalonde and Leo Dandurand, 1934–1935
Sylvio Mantha, 1935–1936
Cecil Hart, 1936–1938
Cecil Hart and Jules Dugal, 1938–1939
Albert "Babe" Siebert, 1939
Alfred "Pit" Lepine, 1939–1940
Dick Irvin, 1940–55
Hector "Toe" Blake, 1955–1968
Claude Ruel, 1968–1970
Al MacNeil, 1970–1971
Scotty Bowman, 1971–1979
Bernie Geoffrion, 1979
Claude Ruel, 1979–1981
Bob Berry, 1981–1984
Jacques Lemaire, 1984–1985
Jean Perron, 1985–1988
Pat Burns, 1988–1992
Jacques Demers, 1992–1995
Mario Tremblay, 1995–1997
Alain Vigneault, 1997–2000
Michel Therrien, 2000–2003
Claude Julien, 2003–2006
Bob Gainey, 2006 (January–May) (interim)
Guy Carbonneau, 2006–2009
Bob Gainey, 2009 (March–June) (interim)[71]
Jacques Martin, 2009–2011
Randy Cunneyworth, 2011–2012 (interim)
Michel Therrien, 2012–2017
Claude Julien, 2017–present
Source: "Historical Website of the Montreal Canadiens". Montreal Canadiens. Retrieved December 12, 2008. [permanent dead link]
Franchise individual records[edit]
Further information: List of Montreal Canadiens records
Franchise scoring leaders[edit]
These are the top-ten-point-scorers in franchise history. Figures are updated after each completed NHL regular season.
* – current Canadiens player
Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games Played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; P/G = Points per game
Points
Player
Pos
GP
G
A
Pts
P/G
Guy Lafleur RW 961 518 728 1,246 1.30
Jean Beliveau C 1,125 507 712 1,219 1.08
Henri Richard C 1,256 358 688 1,046 0.83
Maurice Richard RW 978 544 421 965 0.99
Larry Robinson D 1,202 197 686 883 0.73
Yvan Cournoyer RW 968 428 435 863 0.89
Jacques Lemaire C 853 366 469 835 0.98
Steve Shutt LW 871 408 368 776 0.89
Bernie Geoffrion RW 766 371 388 759 0.99
Saku Koivu C 792 191 450 641 0.81
Goals
Player
Pos
G
Maurice Richard RW 544
Guy Lafleur RW 518
Jean Beliveau C 507
Yvan Cournoyer RW 428
Steve Shutt LW 408
Bernie Geoffrion RW 371
Jacques Lemaire C 366
Henri Richard C 358
Aurele Joliat LW 270
Newsy Lalonde C 266
Assists
Player
Pos
A
Guy Lafleur RW 728
Jean Beliveau C 712
Henri Richard C 688
Larry Robinson D 686
Jacques Lemaire C 469
Andrei Markov D 453
Saku Koivu C 450
Yvan Cournoyer RW 435
Maurice Richard RW 421
Elmer Lach C 408
Sources: "Statistics | Historical Website of the Montreal Canadiens". Montreal Canadiens. Retrieved June 27, 2009. , "Hockey-Reference.com". June 17, 2010.
Maurice 'The Rocket' Richard is the Canadiens' all-time leader in goals. The trophy awarded annually to the NHL's leading goal scorer is named in honour of Richard.[72]
Records – skaters[edit]
Career
Most seasons: 20, Henri Richard
Most games: 1,256, Henri Richard
Most goals: 544, Maurice Richard
Most assists: 728, Guy Lafleur
Most points: 1,246, Guy Lafleur
Most penalty minutes: 2,248, Chris Nilan
Most consecutive games played: 560, Doug Jarvis
Season
Most goals in a season: 60, Steve Shutt (1976–77); Guy Lafleur (1977–78)
Most powerplay goals in a season: 20, Yvan Cournoyer (1966–67)
Most powerplay goals in a season, defenceman: 19, Sheldon Souray (2006–07)*
Most assists in a season: 82, Pete Mahovlich (1974–75)
Most points in a season: 136, Guy Lafleur (1976–77)
Most penalty minutes in a season: 358, Chris Nilan (1984–85)
Most points in a season, defenceman: 85, Larry Robinson (1976–77)
Most points in a season, rookie: 71, Mats Naslund (1982–83); Kjell Dahlin (1985–86)
Most goals in a season, defenceman: 28, Guy Lapointe (1974–75)
* Indicates a league record.
Source: "Season records – Individual records – Skaters | Historical Website of the Montreal Canadiens". Montreal Canadiens. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
Records – goaltenders[edit]
Career
Most games played: 558, Carey Price
Most shutouts: 75, George Hainsworth
Most wins: 314, Jacques Plante
Season
Most games in a season: 72, Carey Price (2010–11)
Most wins in a season: 44, Carey Price (2014–15)
Most shutouts in a season: 22, George Hainsworth (1928–29)*
* Indicates a league record.
Source: "Season records – Individual records – goaltenders | Historical Website of the Montreal Canadiens". Montreal Canadiens. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
See also[edit]
Montreal portal
Ice hockey portal
List of Montreal Canadiens award winners
Montreal Junior Canadiens
List of Montreal Canadiens presidents
List of Montreal Canadiens general managers
List of Montreal Canadiens goaltenders
Bell Sports Complex
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ While the Montreal Canadiens have won 24 Stanley Cups, they have actually won 27 league championships, as the Stanley Cup predates the NHA/NHL and was an inter-league championship prior to 1926. The Canadiens won two titles with the National Hockey Association, winning a Stanley Cup in 1916 and losing in 1917. The Canadiens have won 25 league titles in the National Hockey League, winning 23 Stanley Cups. As NHL champion, Montreal failed to win the Stanley Cup in 1919, when the Spanish flu cancelled the Stanley Cup finals against the Seattle Metropolitans of Pacific Coast Hockey Association, and in 1925, when they lost in the Stanley Cup to the Western Canada Hockey League's Victoria Cougars.
Jump up ^ The Presidents' Trophy was not introduced until 1985. Had the trophy existed since league inception, the Canadiens franchise would have won 21 Presidents' Trophies.
Jump up ^ Even in English, the French spelling, Canadiens, is always used. The French spelling of Montréal is also sometimes used in the English media.
Jump up ^ As of May 2014, the Boston Celtics have the highest percentage of National Basketball Association championships with 25.4%, and in Major League Baseball, the New York Yankees have the highest percentage with 24.8%.
Jump up ^ Earlier venues for the Canadiens include Jubilee Rink, Montreal Westmount Arena, and Mount Royal Arena
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Jerseys & logos – 1909–1946". Montreal Canadiens. Archived from the original on March 24, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2017. It has been worn over the years by over 800 players and still remains one of the most prestigious uniforms in all of professional sports. Throughout its history, the Canadiens jersey has undergone many transformations. This section explores the great tradition and metamorphosis behind the bleu-blanc-rouge.
Jump up ^ "Canadiens unveil their new RbK EDGE uniforms" (Press release). National Hockey League. September 4, 2007. Archived from the original on February 15, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Montreal Canadiens Team – Montréal Canadiens – Team: Administration". Montreal Canadiens. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
Jump up ^ Club de hockey Canadien, Inc. (2013). "Montreal Canadiens: Privacy Policy". canadiens.nhl.com. Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved May 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "It's been 18 years since last Canadian Stanley Cup". The Globe and Mail. June 12, 2011. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved February 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Stanley Cup All-time Champions and Finalists". NHL.com. 2014. Archived from the original on July 19, 2014. Retrieved June 24, 2014.
Jump up ^ "NBA Season Recaps". NBA Media Ventures. Archived from the original on July 17, 2013. Retrieved July 22, 2008.
Jump up ^ "World Series History: Championships by Club". MLB Advanced Media. Archived from the original on June 21, 2008. Retrieved July 22, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Molson Centre renamed Bell Centre". CBC Sports. February 26, 2002. Archived from the original on December 24, 2013. Retrieved February 14, 2007.
Jump up ^ Jenish 2008, pp. 9–13
Jump up ^ Stubbs, Dave (September 4, 2008). "Canadiens toy with game at Olympic Stadium". Montreal Gazette. pp. C2. Archived from the original on September 6, 2008. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ D'Arcy, pp. 10–11
Jump up ^ "Canadian Dictionary of Biography online". Government of Canada Library and Archives. 2007. Archived from the original on January 13, 2014. Retrieved April 30, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Stanley Cup no. 1". Montreal Canadiens Hockey Club. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved May 19, 2009.
Jump up ^ McGourty, John (November 26, 2007). "NHL celebrates 90th anniversary today". NHL.com. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
Jump up ^ Sandor, Steven (2005). The Battle of Alberta: A Century of Hockey's Greatest Rivalry. Heritage House. p. 30. ISBN 1-894974-01-8. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014.
Jump up ^ The Forum opens its doors, Montreal Canadiens Hockey Club, archived from the original on May 3, 2009, retrieved May 19, 2009
Jump up ^ Jenish 2008, pp. 80–85
Jump up ^ Holzman, Morey; Nieforth, Joseph (2002), Deceptions and Doublecross: How the NHL Conquered Hockey, Dundurn Press, p. 330, ISBN 1-55002-413-2, archived from the original on November 29, 2014
Jump up ^ "Legends of Hockey – Spotlight – Montreal Canadiens – 1955–60". Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved November 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Via Rail Stanley Cup Dynasties". Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
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Jump up ^ "Blackhawks' streak ends at 24 with loss to Avalanche". NHL.com. March 8, 2013. Archived from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Bowman Effect". Canadiens.NHL.com. March 8, 2013. Archived from the original on January 28, 2013. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
Jump up ^ Kreiser, John, Seven teams that surprised by winning the Stanley Cup, National Hockey League, archived from the original on May 27, 2010, retrieved July 30, 2009
Jump up ^ Diamos, Jason (April 27, 2006). "Canadiens Trying to Regain Past Glory". The New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Last game at the Montreal Forum". CBC. Archived from the original on November 19, 2014. Retrieved November 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kay 2009, p. 126
Jump up ^ Meagher, John (December 6, 2005), "'I've never been back there'", Montreal Gazette, archived from the original on August 21, 2009, retrieved July 30, 2009
Jump up ^ Davenport, Jane; Gyulai, Linda (February 1, 2001), "'I'll restore Habs': New owner looks ahead to that 25th Stanley Cup", Montreal Gazette, pp. A.1.
Jump up ^ Vardi, Nathan (February 12, 2010). "Oh Canadiens: Inside The Richest Deal In NHL History". Forbes. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ Curtis, Christopher (November 25, 2014). "George Gillett Jr. helped turn Canadiens into a billion-dollar team". Montreal Gazette. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Habs to honor their 100th season" (Press release). Montreal Canadiens. August 26, 2008. Archived from the original on December 8, 2009. Retrieved August 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Montreal to host '09 All-Star Game". ESPN. January 23, 2007. Archived from the original on October 21, 2008. Retrieved February 14, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Canadiens to host 2009 NHL Entry Draft" (Press release). NHL.com. July 15, 2008. Archived from the original on November 1, 2014. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ "First ice-hockey team to win 3,000 regular-season games". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2014.
Jump up ^ Coffey, Phil (February 8, 2008). "NHL.com – Ice Age: Playing the point on many issues – 02/08/2008". NHL.com. Archived from the original on July 19, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Jerseys and Logos – 1909 – 1946". Archived from the original on March 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Why are the Montreal Canadiens called the Habs?". About.com. 2008. Archived from the original on May 12, 2008. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "Our History – Logos and Jerseys". Canadiens.com. 2008. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Habs unveil Centennial initiatives". Canadiens.com. September 24, 2008. Archived from the original on November 1, 2014. Retrieved October 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ Tarasoff, Tamara (December 10, 2004). "Roch Carrier and The Hockey Sweater". Canadian Museum of History. Archived from the original on March 13, 2014. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ National Film Board of Canada Production (2008). "The Sweater". NFB – Collection. National Film Board of Canada Production. Archived from the original on February 18, 2014. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (2008). "The Spirit of Hockey". CBC Archives. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on August 8, 2012. Retrieved September 20, 2008.
Jump up ^ Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (2008). "The Virtual Hot Stove". Hockey: A People's History. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on June 6, 2008. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Inside the dressing room". Canadiens.com. August 30, 2006. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014. Retrieved August 29, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Expos are gone, Youppi! moves to the Habs". CBC. September 18, 2005. Archived from the original on December 14, 2014. Retrieved June 13, 2008.
Jump up ^ Stubbs, Dave (November 9, 2008). "A rivalry like none other". The Montreal Gazette. Retrieved March 31, 2015. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "Toronto Maple Leafs – Canadiens rivalry: notable moments". Montreal Canadiens official website. Archived from the original on March 13, 2015. Retrieved March 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Boston Bruins—Canadiens rivalry". Canadiens.com. NHL.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
Jump up ^ Whitmer, Michael (April 17, 2009). "It's just like old times for the fans". Boston Globe. p. C6.
^ Jump up to: a b Faguy, Steve (August 18, 2014). "NHL broadcast schedule 2014–15: Who owns rights to what games". Fagstein. Archived from the original on August 22, 2014. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "TSN becomes official English-language regional broadcaster for Habs". TSN.ca. Bell Media. Archived from the original on June 13, 2017. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bell Media's THE TEAM 990 Becomes Official Radio Broadcaster of the Montreal Canadiens in New Seven-Year Deal". Bell Media (press release). Archived from the original on April 8, 2012. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "RDS, Canadiens announce 12-year regional rights deal". RDS.ca. December 20, 2013. Archived from the original on May 29, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ Magder, Jason. "New TVA Sports channel takes a shot at RDS". The Montreal Gazette. Archived from the original on August 26, 2014. Retrieved July 27, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Cousineau, Sophie (November 28, 2013). "TVA to pay Rogers $120-million a year to be NHL's French-language broadcaster". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Archived from the original on December 1, 2013. Retrieved December 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ "TVA SPORTS DÉVOILE SON CALENDRIER". TVASports.ca. Groupe TVA. August 5, 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "NHL, TVA Sports launch French-language agreement". NHL.com. September 22, 2013. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ "TSN's regional NHL coverage features 191 games". TSN.ca. Bell Media. 2017-09-15. Retrieved 2017-09-15.
Jump up ^ "Canadiens, Sportsnet ink new regional deal". Sportsnet.ca. Archived from the original on September 5, 2014. Retrieved September 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Sportsnet Announces Montreal Canadiens Regional Broadcast Team". Sportsnet.ca. Rogers Media. Archived from the original on October 4, 2014. Retrieved October 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ "TSN Acquires Regional Rights to 24 Montreal Canadiens Games". CTVglobemedia (press release). October 21, 2010. Archived from the original on September 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Montréal Canadiens Roster". NHL.com. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Montreal Canadiens Hockey Transactions". TSN.ca. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ Club de hockey Canadien (2008). "Montreal Canadiens – Retired Jerseys". canadiens.nhl.com. Archived from the original on October 15, 2013. Retrieved February 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Canadiens celebrate 100th anniversary". ESPN. December 4, 2009. Archived from the original on October 30, 2014. Retrieved October 29, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Perfect setting: Gretzky's number retired before All-Star Game". CNN Sports Illustrated. Associated Press. February 6, 2000. Archived from the original on November 12, 2013. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Legends of Hockey – Builders". Hockey Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on November 16, 2014. Retrieved October 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Foster Hewitt Memorial Award Winners". Hockey Hall of Fame and Museum. 2018. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Canadiens fire Carbonneau, Gainey takes over as coach". ESPN. March 9, 2009. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved February 16, 2011.
Jump up ^ Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy, Hockey Hall of Fame, archived from the original on July 3, 2017, retrieved April 2, 2014
Sources
Hockey Hall of Fame (2003). Honoured Members: Hockey Hall of Fame. Bolton, Ontario: Fenn Publishing. ISBN 1-55168-239-7.
D'Arcy, Jenish (2009). The Montreal Canadiens: 100 Years of Glory. Anchor Canada. ISBN 978-0-385-66325-0.
Leonetti, Mike (2003). Canadiens legends: Montreal's hockey heroes. Raincoast Books. ISBN 1-55192-731-4.
Mouton, Claude (1987). The Montreal Canadiens. Toronto, ON: Key Porter Books. ISBN 1-55013-051-X.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Canadiens de Montréal.
Official website
Official historical website of the Montreal Canadiens
CBC Digital Archives: Montreal Canadiens at 100
Centre Bell
Bell Sports Complex
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text:
London Bridge (Lake Havasu City)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
London Bridge in Lake Havasu
London Bridge in Lake Havasu City
Coordinates
34°28′18″N 114°20′51″W / 34.471599°N 114.347549°W / 34.471599; -114.347549Coordinates: 34°28′18″N 114°20′51″W / 34.471599°N 114.347549°W / 34.471599; -114.347549
Carries
McCulloch Boulevard
Crosses
Bridgewater Channel Canal
Locale
Lake Havasu City, Arizona, United States
Characteristics
Design
Arch bridge
Material
Clynelish (Brora) sandstone and various granite mixes
Total length
930 feet (280 m; 167 sm)[1]
Longest span
45.6 metres (150 ft)[2]
No. of spans
5
History
Designer
John Rennie
Construction start
1968
Construction end
1971 (reconstructed)
Closed
1967[1] (pre-move)
Statistics
Toll
None
London Bridge is a bridge in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. It was built in the 1830s and formerly spanned the River Thames in London, England. It was dismantled in 1967 and relocated to Arizona. The Arizona bridge is a reinforced concrete structure clad in the original masonry of the 1830s bridge, which was purchased by Robert P. McCulloch from the City of London. McCulloch had exterior granite blocks from the original bridge numbered and transported to America to construct the present bridge in Lake Havasu City, a planned community he established in 1964 on the shore of Lake Havasu. The bridge was completed in 1971 (along with a canal), and links an island in the Colorado River with the main part of Lake Havasu City.
Contents
1 History
2 In popular culture
3 Image gallery
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The 1831 London Bridge was the last project of engineer John Rennie and was completed by his son, John Rennie the Younger.[3] By 1962, the bridge was not sound enough to support the increased load of modern traffic, and it was sold by the City of London.
The purchaser, Robert P. McCulloch, the chairman of McCulloch Oil Corporation, was the founder of Lake Havasu City, his retirement real estate development on the east shore of Lake Havasu, a large reservoir on the Colorado River. McCulloch purchased the bridge as a tourist attraction for Lake Havasu, which was then far from the usual tourist track. The idea was successful, bringing interested tourists and retirement home buyers to the area.
Originally, the deserted Lake Havasu vacant land was given to the state of Arizona by the U.S. Federal Government. The federal property was an abandoned military landing strip. McCulloch made a deal with the state government and received the property for free with a promise to develop the land. But the real estate agents could not bring in prospective buyers, because the land was far from centers of population and had a very hot, arid climate. McCulloch's real estate agent, Robert Plumer, learned that London Bridge was for sale and convinced McCulloch to buy it and bring it to the area to attract potential land buyers. The initial response from McCulloch was, "That's the craziest idea I have ever heard," but after consideration, he decided to go ahead and purchased it for $2.46m (£1.78m). Plumer then arranged with a cargo shipping company that was going to sail a newly-built ship from Great Britain to the United States without any cargo. Plumer said they would pay for all operating costs of the sailing, which was far less than the going rate shipping costs. The bridge's facing stones were disassembled, and each was numbered. After the bridge was dismantled, it was transported to Merrivale Quarry where 15 to 20 cm (5.9 to 7.9 inches) were sliced off many of the original stones. The bridge arrived in pieces at the Port of Long Beach, California and was transported overland to Lake Havasu City, where re-assembly began in 1968. On 23 September 1968, the foundation stone was relaid by Sir Gilbert Inglefield, Lord Mayor of London.[4]
The original stonework was used to clad a new concrete structure.[1] The reconstruction took slightly over three years and was completed in late 1971. The bridge was not reconstructed over a river, but rather it was rebuilt on land in a position between the main part of the city and Pittsburgh Point, at that time a peninsula jutting into Lake Havasu. Once completed, the Bridgewater Channel Canal was dredged under the bridge and flooded, separating Pittsburgh Point from the city, creating an island. As a result, the bridge now traverses a navigable shortcut between the Thompson Bay part of Lake Havasu south of Pittsburgh Point, and the remainder of Lake Havasu to the north.[5]
London Bridge in 1972, showing the canal
After the bridge was reconstructed, prospective buyers of land were attracted to visit the bridge and take a tour of properties for sale. Land sales improved, and McCulloch recouped all his expenses on the purchase and shipping of the bridge. Since he had obtained the land at no cost, the sale of the properties paid for the bridge and more. Recent years have seen much development in the area of the bridge to increase tourist interest. The original "English Village", a quaint English-style open-air mall with hedge maze and historical museum deteriorated, with sections leveled. A revitalization of the English Village was undertaken by the Lake Havasu City Convention & Visitors Bureau.[6] Condos were proposed in 2011 by the owner, Virtual Realty Enterprises.[7]
In popular culture[edit]
It is a popular rumor that the bridge was bought in the belief that it was London's more recognizable Tower Bridge,[8][9][10] but this was ardently denied by McCulloch himself and by Ivan Luckin, who sold the bridge.[11]
American soft rock band Bread recorded a song called "London Bridge" on their first album, Bread, in 1969, when lead singer David Gates learned that London Bridge was sold and to be relocated in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. His thought at the time, according to the liner notes on Bread's album Retrospective, was, "is nothing sacred anymore?"[12]
The live country-western album Viva Terlingua, by Jerry Jeff Walker, includes an amusing song written by Gary P. Nunn entitled "London Homesick Blues." It is the lament of a Texan trapped in London and quite out of his element. A line in the song is "and even London Bridge has fallen down and moved to Arizona".
In the 1970 song "P.F. Sloan"[13] from the album Words and Music by American singer-songwriter Jimmy Webb,[14][better source needed] he refers to the relocation of London Bridge in the lines "The London Bridge was finally found, they moved it to another town, and now all the people gather 'round to watch the bridge fall down, but I don't think it will no more."
In the 1983 psychological horror film Olivia (directed by Ulli Lommel), the male lead character is depicted as one of the architects responsible for transferring the bridge to Lake Havasu.
In the 1985 TV movie "Terror at London Bridge" (aka Bridge Across Time), starring David Hasselhoff, Jack the Ripper is revived as the last original stone of the relocated London Bridge is laid.[15]
The London Bridge appears in the 1987 TV movie The Return of Sherlock Holmes, where it is mistaken by a lost and heat-stricken Sherlock Holmes (Michael Pennington) as a heavenly facsimile of his native London.[16]
London Bridge was also featured in the 1987 caper film Million Dollar Mystery as one of the bridges where a million dollars were hidden.
In the 1993 movie Falling Down, starring Michael Douglas and Robert Duvall, the relocation of the bridge is mentioned[citation needed] and the lyrics and music of "London Bridge Is Falling Down" are heard.[citation needed]
Image gallery[edit]
London Bridge in the early 1890s
London Bridge around 1900 with traffic
Bridge reconstruction at Lake Havasu in March 1971
The rebuilt London Bridge in 2003
Sign on the bridge
Labelled stone still visible
Aerial photo of the bridge in 2011
A panoramic view of the entire bridge.
London Bridge in about 1870 when it crossed the River Thames in London
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Jackson, Donald C. (1988). Great American Bridges and Dams. Wiley. p. 245. ISBN 0-471-14385-5.
Jump up ^ London Bridge (1831) at Structurae
Jump up ^ John Murray 1874 "Handbook to London As It Is", p. 43.
Jump up ^ Elborough, Travis (2013-02-07). London Bridge in America: The Tall Story of a Transatlantic Crossing. Random House. pp. 211–212. ISBN 9781448181674. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Frederic B. Wildfang (29 September 2005). Lake Havasu City. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing. pp. 105–122. ISBN 978-0-7385-3012-3. Retrieved 2 May 2013.
Jump up ^ https://golakehavasu.com/activities/attractions/london-bridge/the-english-village/ the-english-village
Jump up ^ http://www.havasunews.com/news/english-village-owner-in-lake-havasu-city-to-present-big/article_ae609cba-2423-5beb-b1dd-f48ca2c674ce.html
Jump up ^ Polaris EX2100/LE2100 Sport Boats Popular Mechanics, December 2003, archived on September 30, 2007 from Polaris EX2100/LE2100 the original
Jump up ^ Oliver, Mark (2004-12-14). "Bridges". The Guardian. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
Jump up ^ 'If That's The Acropolis, How Come It Don't Chime?' in Alan Coren The Sanity Inspector Coronet Books, 1974. ISBN 0-340-19912-1
Jump up ^ How London Bridge Was Sold To The States This Is Local London, March 27, 2002
Jump up ^ http://www.albumlinernotes.com/Bread_-_Retrospective.html
Jump up ^ http://www.allmusic.com/song/pf-sloan-mt0034428498
Jump up ^ Jimmy Webb
Jump up ^ https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0088852/?ref_=ttpl_pl_tt
Jump up ^ "Holmes in Modern Media". Redmond, Christopher: Sherlock Holmes Handbook: Second Edition, pg. 243. Dundurn Press, Toronto, Canada (September 28, 2009). ISBN 978-1-55488-446-9.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to London Bridge Lake Havasu.
London Bridge (1971) at Structurae
Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. AZ-57, "London Bridge, Spanning manmade channel (moved from London, UK), Lake Havasu City, Mohave County, AZ", 3 photos, 5 data pages, 1 photo caption page
Lake Havasu City Convention & Visitors Bureau about London Bridge
RoadTrip America about London Bridge
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=London_Bridge_(Lake_Havasu_City)&oldid=852958770"
Categories:
Road bridges in Arizona
Bridges completed in 1831
Bridges completed in 1971
Landmarks in Arizona
Lower Colorado River Valley
Former buildings and structures in the City of London
Rebuilt buildings and structures in the United States
Relocated buildings and structures in Arizona
Transportation in Mohave County, Arizona
1968 establishments in Arizona
Tourist attractions in Mohave County, Arizona
Buildings and structures in Mohave County, Arizona
Lake Havasu City, Arizona
Historic American Engineering Record in Arizona
Arch bridges in the United States
Concrete bridges in the United States
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Intra-industry trade
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Intra-industry trade refers to the exchange of similar products belonging to the same industry. The term is usually applied to international trade, where the same types of goods or services are both imported and exported.
Contents
[hide]
1 Examples
2 Explanation
3 Measurement
4 See also
5 References
Examples[edit]
Examples of this kind of trade include automobiles, foodstuffs and beverages, computers and minerals.
Europe exported 2.6 million motor vehicles in 2002, and imported 2.2 million of them. Japan exported 4.7 million vehicles in 2002 (1 million of which went to Europe, and 2 million to North America), and imported 0.3 million.
Explanation[edit]
Why do countries at the same time import and export the products of the same industry, or import and export the same kinds of goods?
According to Nigel Grimwade, "An explanation cannot be found within the framework of classical or neo-classical trade theory. The latter predicts only inter-industry specialisation and trade".[1] However, this is far from the case.
The traditional model of trade were set out by the model of David Ricardo and the Heckscher–Ohlin model, which tried to explain the occurrence of international trade. Both models used the idea of comparative advantage and an explanation of why countries trade. However, many economists have made the point of claiming that these models provide no explanation towards intra-industry trade as under their assumptions countries with identical factor endowments would not trade and produce goods domestically.[2] Hence, as intra-industry trade has developed many economists have looked at other explanations.
One attempt to explain IIT was made by Finger (1975), who thought that occurrence of intra-industry trade was “unremarkable” as existing classifications place goods of heterogeneous factor endowments in a single industry. However, evidence shows that even when industries are disaggregated to extremely fine levels IIT still occurs, so this argument can be ignored.
Another potential explanation is provided by Flavey & Kierzkowski (1987). They produced a model that tried to get rid of the idea that all products are produced under identical technical conditions. Their model showed that on the demand side goods are distinguished by the perceived quality of that good and high quality goods are produced under conditions of high capital intensity. However, this explanation has also been dismissed.[3] It is questioned whether the model applies to IIT at all, as it does not address directly trade between goods of similar factor endowments.
The most comprehensive and widely accepted explanation, at least within economic theory, is that of Paul Krugman's New Trade Theory. Krugman argues that economies specialise to take advantage of increasing returns, not following differences in regional endowments (as contended by neoclassical theory). In particular, trade allows countries to specialise in a limited variety of production and thus reap the advantages of increasing returns (i.e., economies of scale), but without reducing the variety of goods available for consumption.
Yet, Donald Davis believed that both the Heckscher–Ohlin and Ricardian models were still relevant in explaining intra-industry trade.[4] He developed the Heckscher-Ohlin-Ricardo model, which showed that even with constant returns to scale that intra-industry trade could still occur under the traditional setting. The Heckscher-Ohlin-Ricardo model explained that countries of identical factor endowments would still trade due to differences in technology, as this would encourage specialisation and therefore trade, in exactly the same matter that was set out in the Ricardian model.
Types
There are three types of intra-industry trade
Trade in Homogeneous Goods.
Trade in Horizontally Differentiated Goods.
Trade in Vertically Differentiated Goods.
Although the theory and measurement of intra-industry trade initially focused on trade in goods, especially industrial products, it has also been observed that there is substantial intra-industry trade in the international trade of services.[5]
Measurement[edit]
Intra-industry trade is difficult to measure statistically because regarding products or industries as "the same" is partly a matter of definition and classification.
For a very simple example, it could be argued that although a BMW and a Ford are both motor cars, and although a Budweiser and a Heineken are both beers, they are really all different products.
Various indexes of IIT have been created, including the Grubel–Lloyd index, the Balassa index, the Aquino index, the Bergstrand index and the Glesjer index. Research suggests that
IIT is not simply a fiction or artifact produced by statistical classifications and definitions, but very much a reality.
the share of IIT in total international trade is growing all the time, at about 4–5% a year. Thus, more and more, countries are importing the same kinds of products they are also exporting.
"Intra-industry trade has been considered in international trade literature as the explanation of the unexpectedly large expansion of industrial trade among OECD countries, for which it represented more than two-thirds of their total international trade by the beginning of the seventies."[6]
See also[edit]
Economics portal
Inter-industry trade
Marginal intra-industry trade
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Grimwade, Nigel (2000). International Trade: New Patterns of Trade, Production & Investment (Second ed.). New York: Routledge. p. 71. ISBN 0-415-15626-2.
Jump up ^ Krugman, Paul; Obstfeld, Maurice (1991). International Economics: Theory and Policy (Second ed.). New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-673-52151-6.
Jump up ^ Brander, James A. (1987). "Book Review of Greenaway and Milner (1986)". Journal of International Economics. 23 (1/2): 182–185. doi:10.1016/S0022-1996(87)80013-2.
Jump up ^ Davis, D. R. (1995). "Intra-industry trade: A Heckscher-Ohlin-Ricardo approach". Journal of International Economics. 39 (3/4): 201–226. doi:10.1016/0022-1996(95)01383-3.
Jump up ^ Shelburne, Robert C. ; Gonzales, Jorge (2004). "The Role of Intra-Industry Trade in the Service Sector", in Michael Plummer (ed.) Empirical Methods in International Trade: Essays in Honor of Mordechai Kreinin, Edward Elgar Press, 110-128, 2004.
Jump up ^ Kadar, Bela (1981). "Review of Herbert Giersch, On the economics of intra-industry trade". Journal of Economic Literature. 19 (3): 1109.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intra-industry_trade&oldid=760889744"
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