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Sherman's March to the Sea
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For other uses, see Sherman's March (disambiguation).
Sherman's March to the Sea
Savannah Campaign
Part of the American Civil War

Union soldiers destroying telegraph poles and railroads, and freeing slaves, who are assisting Union soldiers in making their way to safety.
Date
November 15 – December 21, 1864
Location
Georgia
Result
Union victory
Belligerents
United States Confederate States
Commanders and leaders
William T. Sherman
William J. Hardee
Joseph Wheeler
Units involved
Army of the Tennessee[1]
Army of Georgia[1]
Confederate militia
Strength
59,545–62,204[2] 12,466[3]
show
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Sherman's March to the Sea
Savannah Campaign
Griswoldville
Buck Head Creek
Honey Hill
Waynesboro
Tulifinny
Fort McAllister
Altamaha Bridge
Sherman's March to the Sea (also known as the Savannah Campaign) was a military campaign of the American Civil War conducted through Georgia from November 15 until December 21, 1864, by Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman of the Union Army. The campaign began with Sherman's troops leaving the captured city of Atlanta on November 15 and ended with the capture of the port of Savannah on December 21. His forces followed a "scorched earth" policy, destroying military targets as well as industry, infrastructure, and civilian property and disrupting the Confederacy's economy and its transportation networks. The operation broke the back of the Confederacy and helped lead to its eventual surrender. Sherman's bold move of operating deep within enemy territory and without supply lines is considered to be one of the major achievements of the war.
Contents
1 Background and objectives
1.1 Military situation
2 Opposing forces
2.1 Union
2.2 Confederate
3 March
4 Aftermath
5 Legacy
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
8.1 Primary sources
9 Further reading
10 External links
Background and objectives[edit]
Military situation[edit]
Main article: Atlanta Campaign
Further information: Western Theater of the American Civil War and American Civil War
Sherman's "March to the Sea" followed his successful Atlanta Campaign of May to September 1864. He and the Union Army's commander, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, believed that the Civil War would come to an end only if the Confederacy's strategic, economic, and psychological capacity for warfare were decisively broken.[4] Sherman therefore planned an operation that has been compared to the modern principles of scorched earth warfare, or total war. Although his formal orders (excerpted below) specified control over destruction of infrastructure in areas in which his army was unmolested by guerrilla activity, he recognized that supplying an army through liberal foraging would have a destructive effect on the morale of the civilian population it encountered in its wide sweep through the state.[5]
The second objective of the campaign was more traditional. Grant's armies in Virginia continued in a stalemate against Robert E. Lee's army, besieged in Petersburg, Virginia. By moving in Lee's rear and performing a massive turning movement against him, Sherman could possibly increase pressure on Lee, allowing Grant the opportunity to break through, or at least keep Southern reinforcements away from Virginia.
The campaign was designed by Grant and Sherman to be similar to Grant's innovative and successful Vicksburg Campaign and Sherman's Meridian Campaign, in that Sherman's armies would reduce their need for traditional supply lines by "living off the land" after consuming their 20 days of rations. Foragers, known as "bummers", would provide food seized from local farms for the Army while they destroyed the railroads and the manufacturing and agricultural infrastructure of Georgia. In planning for the march, Sherman used livestock and crop production data from the 1860 census to lead his troops through areas where he believed they would be able to forage most effectively.[6] The twisted and broken railroad rails that the troops heated over fires and wrapped around tree trunks and left behind became known as "Sherman's neckties". As the army would be out of touch with the North throughout the campaign, Sherman gave explicit orders, Sherman's Special Field Orders, No. 120, regarding the conduct of the campaign. The following is an excerpt from the general's orders:
... IV. The army will forage liberally on the country during the march. To this end, each brigade commander will organize a good and sufficient foraging party, under the command of one or more discreet officers, who will gather, near the route traveled, corn or forage of any kind, meat of any kind, vegetables, corn-meal, or whatever is needed by the command, aiming at all times to keep in the wagons at least ten day's provisions for the command and three days' forage. Soldiers must not enter the dwellings of the inhabitants, or commit any trespass, but during a halt or a camp they may be permitted to gather turnips, apples, and other vegetables, and to drive in stock of their camp. To regular foraging parties must be instructed the gathering of provisions and forage at any distance from the road traveled.
V. To army corps commanders alone is entrusted the power to destroy mills, houses, cotton-gins, &c., and for them this general principle is laid down: In districts and neighborhoods where the army is unmolested no destruction of such property should be permitted; but should guerrillas or bushwhackers molest our march, or should the inhabitants burn bridges, obstruct roads, or otherwise manifest local hostility, then army commanders should order and enforce a devastation more or less relentless according to the measure of such hostility.
VI. As for horses, mules, wagons, &c., belonging to the inhabitants, the cavalry and artillery may appropriate freely and without limit, discriminating, however, between the rich, who are usually hostile, and the poor or industrious, usually neutral or friendly. Foraging parties may also take mules or horses to replace the jaded animals of their trains, or to serve as pack-mules for the regiments or brigades. In all foraging, of whatever kind, the parties engaged will refrain from abusive or threatening language, and may, where the officer in command thinks proper, give written certificates of the facts, but no receipts, and they will endeavor to leave with each family a reasonable portion for their maintenance.
VII. Negroes who are able-bodied and can be of service to the several columns may be taken along, but each army commander will bear in mind that the question of supplies is a very important one and that his first duty is to see to them who bear arms....
—  William T. Sherman, Military Division of the Mississippi Special Field Order 120, November 9, 1864.
The march was made easier by able assistants such as Orlando Metcalfe Poe, chief of the bridge building and demolition team. Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman selected Poe as his chief engineer in 1864. Poe oversaw the burning of Atlanta, for which action he was honored by Sherman. Poe directly supervised the dismantling of all buildings and structures in Atlanta that could have provided any military value to the Rebels once Sherman abandoned the city; rail depots, roundhouses, arsenals and storage areas were manually disassembled and the combustible materials then destroyed by controlled fires (however, Poe was incensed at the level of uncontrolled arson by marauding soldiers not of his unit which resulted in heavy damage to civilian homes.) He served in this capacity past the fall of Atlanta to the end of the war. Dozens of river crossings, poor or non-existent roads and the extensive swamps of southern Georgia would have fatally slowed Sherman's force had not Poe's skills as leader of the bridge, road and pontoon building units kept the army moving. He also continued to supervise destruction of Confederate infrastructure. Promoted by Sherman by two steps in rank to colonel after the fall of Savannah, he continued in that capacity in the war's concluding Carolinas Campaign as Sherman headed northwards from Savannah to link up with Grant and the Army of the Potomac in Virginia and to cut another swath through South and North Carolina.
Opposing forces[edit]
Union[edit]
Further information: Savannah Campaign Union order of battle
Sherman, commanding the Military Division of the Mississippi, did not employ his entire army group in the campaign. Confederate Lt. Gen. John Bell Hood was threatening Sherman's supply line from Chattanooga, and Sherman detached two armies under Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas to deal with Hood in the Franklin-Nashville Campaign. For the Savannah Campaign, Sherman's remaining force of 62,000 men (55,000 infantry, 5,000 cavalry, and 2,000 artillerymen manning 64 guns) was divided into two columns for the march:[1]
The right wing was the Army of the Tennessee, commanded by Maj. Gen. Oliver O. Howard, consisting of two corps:
XV Corps, commanded by Maj. Gen. Peter J. Osterhaus, with the divisions of Brig. Gens. Charles R. Woods, William B. Hazen, John E. Smith, and John M. Corse.
XVII Corps, commanded by Maj. Gen. Frank Blair, Jr., with the divisions of Maj. Gen. Joseph A. Mower and Brig. Gens. Mortimer D. Leggett and Giles A. Smith.
The left wing was the Army of Georgia, commanded by Maj. Gen. Henry W. Slocum, also with two corps:
XIV Corps, commanded by Brig. Gen. Jefferson C. Davis, with the divisions of Brig. Gens. William P. Carlin, James D. Morgan, and Absalom Baird.
XX Corps, commanded by Brig. Gen. Alpheus S. Williams, with the divisions of Brig. Gens. Nathaniel J. Jackson, John W. Geary, and William T. Ward.
A cavalry division under Brig. Gen. Judson Kilpatrick operated in support of the two wings.
Confederate[edit]
Further information: Savannah Campaign Confederate order of battle
The Confederate opposition from Lt. Gen. William J. Hardee's Department of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida was meager. Hood had taken the bulk of forces in Georgia on his campaign to Tennessee in hopes of diverting Sherman to pursue him. Considering Sherman's military priorities however, this tactical maneuver by his enemy to get out of his force's path was welcomed to the point of remarking, "If he will go to the Ohio River, I'll give him rations."[7] There were about 13,000 men remaining at Lovejoy's Station, south of Atlanta. Maj. Gen. Gustavus W. Smith's Georgia militia had about 3,050 soldiers, most of whom were boys and elderly men. The Cavalry Corps of Maj. Gen. Joseph Wheeler, reinforced by a brigade under Brig. Gen. William H. Jackson, had approximately 10,000 troopers. During the campaign, the Confederate War Department brought in additional men from Florida and the Carolinas, but they never were able to increase their effective force beyond 13,000.[8]
March[edit]
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Both U.S. President Abraham Lincoln and General Ulysses S. Grant had serious reservations about Sherman's plans.[9] Still, Grant trusted Sherman's assessment and on November 2, 1864, he sent Sherman a telegram stating simply, "Go as you propose."[10] The 300-mile (480 km) march began on November 15. Sherman recounted in his memoirs the scene when he left at 7 a.m. the following day:
... We rode out of Atlanta by the Decatur road, filled by the marching troops and wagons of the Fourteenth Corps; and reaching the hill, just outside of the old rebel works, we naturally paused to look back upon the scenes of our past battles. We stood upon the very ground whereon was fought the bloody battle of July 22d, and could see the copse of wood where McPherson fell. Behind us lay Atlanta, smouldering and in ruins, the black smoke rising high in air, and hanging like a pall over the ruined city. Away off in the distance, on the McDonough road, was the rear of Howard's column, the gun-barrels glistening in the sun, the white-topped wagons stretching away to the south; and right before us the Fourteenth Corps, marching steadily and rapidly, with a cheery look and swinging pace, that made light of the thousand miles that lay between us and Richmond. Some band, by accident, struck up the anthem of "John Brown's Body"; the men caught up the strain, and never before or since have I heard the chorus of "Glory, glory, hallelujah!" done with more spirit, or in better harmony of time and place.
—  William T. Sherman, Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman, Chapter 21
Savannah Campaign (Sherman's March to the Sea): detailed map.
Savannah Campaign (Sherman's March to the Sea).
Sherman's advance: Tennessee, Georgia and Carolinas (1863-65).
Sherman's personal escort on the march was the 1st Alabama Cavalry Regiment, a unit made up entirely of Southerners who remained loyal to the Union.
The two wings of the army attempted to confuse and deceive the enemy about their destinations; the Confederates could not tell from the initial movements whether Sherman would march on Macon, Augusta, or Savannah. Howard's wing, led by Kilpatrick's cavalry, marched south along the railroad to Lovejoy's Station, which caused the defenders there to conduct a fighting retreat to Macon. The cavalry captured two Confederate guns at Lovejoy's Station, and then two more and 50 prisoners at Bear Creek Station. Howard's infantry marched through Jonesboro to Gordon, southwest of the state capital, Milledgeville. Slocum's wing, accompanied by Sherman, moved to the east, in the direction of Augusta. They destroyed the bridge across the Oconee River and then turned south.[11]
The first real resistance was felt by Howard's right wing at the Battle of Griswoldville on November 22. Confederate Maj. Gen. Wheeler's cavalry struck Brig. Gen. Kilpatrick's, killing one, wounding two and capturing 18. The infantry brigade of Brig. Gen. Charles C. Walcutt arrived to stabilize the defense, and the division of Georgia militia launched several hours of badly coordinated attacks, eventually retreating with about 1,100 casualties (of which about 600 were prisoners), versus the Union's 100.
At the same time, Slocum's left wing approached the state capital at Milledgeville, prompting the hasty departure of Governor Joseph Brown and the state legislature. On November 23, Slocum's troops captured the city and held a mock legislative session in the capitol building, jokingly voting Georgia back into the Union.[12]
Sherman's men destroying a railroad in Atlanta.
Several small actions followed. Wheeler and some infantry struck in a rearguard action at Ball's Ferry on November 24 and November 25. While Howard's wing was delayed near Ball's Bluff, the 1st Alabama Cavalry (a Federal regiment) engaged Confederate pickets. Overnight, Union engineers constructed a bridge 2 miles (3.2 km) away from the bluff across the Oconee River, and 200 soldiers crossed to flank the Confederate position. On November 25–26 at Sandersville, Wheeler struck at Slocum's advance guard. Kilpatrick was ordered to make a feint toward Augusta before destroying the railroad bridge at Brier Creek and moving to liberate the Camp Lawton prisoner of war camp at Millen. Kilpatrick slipped by the defensive line that Wheeler had placed near Brier Creek, but on the night of November 26 Wheeler attacked and drove the 8th Indiana and 2nd Kentucky Cavalry away from their camps at Sylvan Grove. Kilpatrick abandoned his plans to destroy the railroad bridge and he also learned that the prisoners had been moved from Camp Lawton, so he rejoined the army at Louisville. At the Battle of Buck Head Creek on November 28, Kilpatrick was surprised and nearly captured, but the 5th Ohio Cavalry halted Wheeler's advance, and Wheeler was later stopped decisively by Union barricades at Reynolds's Plantation. On December 4, Kilpatrick's cavalry routed Wheeler's at the Battle of Waynesboro.
More Union troops entered the campaign from an unlikely direction. Maj. Gen. John G. Foster dispatched 5,500 men and 10 guns under Brig. Gen. John P. Hatch from Hilton Head, hoping to assist Sherman's arrival near Savannah by securing the Charleston and Savannah Railroad. At the Battle of Honey Hill on November 30, Hatch fought a vigorous battle against G.W. Smith's 1,500 Georgia militiamen, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Grahamville Station, South Carolina. Smith's militia fought off the Union attacks, and Hatch withdrew after suffering about 650 casualties, versus Smith's 50.
Sherman's armies reached the outskirts of Savannah on December 10 but found that Hardee had entrenched 10,000 men in favorable fighting positions, and his soldiers had flooded the surrounding rice fields, leaving only narrow causeways available to approach the city. Sherman was blocked from linking up with the U.S. Navy as he had planned, so he dispatched cavalry to Fort McAllister, guarding the Ogeechee River, in hopes of unblocking his route and obtaining supplies awaiting him on the Navy ships. On December 13, William B. Hazen's division of Howard's wing stormed the fort in the Battle of Fort McAllister and captured it within 15 minutes. Some of the 134 Union casualties were caused by torpedoes, a name for crude land mines that were used only rarely in the war.
Now that Sherman had contact with the Navy fleet under Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren, he was able to obtain the supplies and siege artillery he required to invest Savannah. On December 17, he sent a message to Hardee in the city:
I have already received guns that can cast heavy and destructive shot as far as the heart of your city; also, I have for some days held and controlled every avenue by which the people and garrison of Savannah can be supplied, and I am therefore justified in demanding the surrender of the city of Savannah, and its dependent forts, and shall wait a reasonable time for your answer, before opening with heavy ordnance. Should you entertain the proposition, I am prepared to grant liberal terms to the inhabitants and garrison; but should I be forced to resort to assault, or the slower and surer process of starvation, I shall then feel justified in resorting to the harshest measures, and shall make little effort to restrain my army—burning to avenge the national wrong which they attach to Savannah and other large cities which have been so prominent in dragging our country into civil war.
—  William T. Sherman, Message to William J. Hardee, December 17, 1864, recorded in his memoirs
Hardee decided not to surrender but to escape. On December 20, he led his men across the Savannah River on a makeshift pontoon bridge. The next morning, Savannah Mayor Richard Dennis Arnold, with a delegation of aldermen and ladies of the city, rode out (until they were unhorsed by fleeing Confederate cavalrymen) to offer a proposition: The city would surrender and offer no resistance, in exchange for General Geary's promise to protect the city's citizens and their property. Geary telegraphed Sherman, who advised him to accept the offer. Arnold presented him with the key to the city, and Sherman's men, led by Geary's division of the XX Corps, occupied the city the same day.[13]
Aftermath[edit]
Sherman telegraphed to President Lincoln, "I beg to present you as a Christmas gift the City of Savannah, with one hundred and fifty guns and plenty of ammunition, also about twenty-five thousand bales of cotton."[14] On December 26, the president replied in a letter:[15]
Many, many thanks for your Christmas gift – the capture of Savannah. When you were leaving Atlanta for the Atlantic coast, I was anxious, if not fearful; but feeling that you were the better judge, and remembering that 'nothing risked, nothing gained' I did not interfere. Now, the undertaking being a success, the honor is all yours; for I believe none of us went farther than to acquiesce. And taking the work of Gen. Thomas into the count, as it should be taken, it is indeed a great success. Not only does it afford the obvious and immediate military advantage; but, in showing to the world that your army could be divided, putting the stronger part to an important new service, and yet leaving enough to vanquish the old opposing force of the whole—Hood's army—it brings those who sat in darkness, to see a great light. But what next? I suppose it will be safer if I leave Gen. Grant and yourself to decide. Please make my grateful acknowledgements to your whole army, officers and men.
The March attracted a huge number of refugees, to whom Sherman assigned land with his Special Field Orders No. 15. These orders have been depicted in popular culture as the origin of the supposed "40 acres and a mule" promise.[16]
From Savannah, after a month-long delay for rest, Sherman marched north in the spring through the Carolinas, intending to complete his turning movement and combine his armies with Grant's against Robert E. Lee. After a successful two-month campaign, Sherman accepted the surrender of General Joseph E. Johnston and his forces in North Carolina on April 26, 1865.[17]
We are not only fighting armies, but a hostile people, and must make old and young, rich and poor, feel the hard hand of war, as well as their organized armies. I know that this recent movement of mine through Georgia has had a wonderful effect in this respect. Thousands who had been deceived by their lying papers into the belief that we were being whipped all the time, realized the truth, and have no appetite for a repetition of the same experience.
Letter, Sherman to Henry W. Halleck, December 24, 1864.[18]
Sherman's scorched earth policies have always been highly controversial, and Sherman's memory has long been reviled by many Southerners. Slaves' opinions varied concerning the actions of Sherman and his army.[19] Some who welcomed him as a liberator chose to follow his armies. Jacqueline Campbell has written, on the other hand, that some slaves looked upon the Union army's ransacking and invasive actions with disdain. They often felt betrayed, as they "suffered along with their owners, complicating their decision of whether to flee with or from Union troops."[20] A Confederate officer estimated that 10,000 liberated slaves followed Sherman's army, and hundreds died of "hunger, disease, or exposure" along the way.[21]
The March to the Sea was devastating to Georgia and the Confederacy. Sherman himself estimated that the campaign had inflicted $100 million (about $1.4 billion in 2010 dollars)[22] in destruction, about one fifth of which "inured to our advantage" while the "remainder is simple waste and destruction."[21] The Army wrecked 300 miles (480 km) of railroad and numerous bridges and miles of telegraph lines. It seized 5,000 horses, 4,000 mules, and 13,000 head of cattle. It confiscated 9.5 million pounds of corn and 10.5 million pounds of fodder, and destroyed uncounted cotton gins and mills.[23] Military historians Herman Hattaway and Archer Jones cited the significant damage wrought to railroads and Southern logistics in the campaign and stated that "Sherman's raid succeeded in 'knocking the Confederate war effort to pieces'."[24] David J. Eicher wrote that "Sherman had accomplished an amazing task. He had defied military principles by operating deep within enemy territory and without lines of supply or communication. He destroyed much of the South's potential and psychology to wage war."[25]
Legacy[edit]
Sherman's March to the Sea was celebrated in music in 1865 with words by S.H.M. Byers and music by J.O. Rockwell.
Union soldiers sang many songs during the March, but it is one written afterward that has come to symbolize the campaign: "Marching Through Georgia", written by Henry Clay Work in 1865. Sung from the point of view of a Union soldier, the lyrics detail the freeing of slaves and punishing the Confederacy for starting the war. Sherman came to dislike the song, in part because he was never one to rejoice over a fallen foe, and in part because it was played at almost every public appearance that he attended.[26] It was widely popular among US soldiers of 20th-century wars.
Hundreds of African Americans drowned trying to cross in Ebenezer Creek north of Savannah while trying to follow Sherman's Army in its March to the Sea. In 2011 a historical marker was erected there by the Georgia Historical Society to commemorate the African Americans who had risked so much for freedom.[27]
See also[edit]
American Civil War portal
The March (2005 historical novel by E. L. Doctorow)
Sherman's Special Field Orders, No. 15
Sherman's Special Field Orders, No. 120
Sherman's March (2007 documentary)
Western Theater of the American Civil War
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Further information: Savannah Campaign Union order of battle (Official Records, Series I, Volume XLIV, pages 19-25)
Jump up ^ Further information: Effective strength of the army in the field under Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman, November and December, 1864 (Official Records, Series I, Volume XLIV, page 16)
Jump up ^ Further information: Abstract from return of the Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, Lieut. Gen. W.J. Hardee commanding, November 20, 1864 (Official Records, Series I, Volume XLIV, page 874)
Jump up ^ Eicher, p. 739.
Jump up ^ Trudeau, pp. 47-48, 51-55.
Jump up ^ Trudeau, p. 52.
Jump up ^ Coffey, Walter. "The Civil War This Week: Oct 27-Nov 2, 1864". WalterCoffey.com. Wordpress. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Further information: Savannah Campaign Confederate order of battle (Official Records, Series I, Volume XLIV, pages 875-876)
Jump up ^ Trudeau, pp. 40-41.
Jump up ^ Trudeau, p. 45.
Jump up ^ Nevin, p. 48.
Jump up ^ Melton, p. 288.
Jump up ^ Sherman, Memoirs, p. 693.
Jump up ^ Trudeau, p. 508.
Jump up ^ Trudeau, p. 521.
Jump up ^ Henry Louis Gates, Jr., "The Truth Behind '40 Acres and a Mule' Archived 2013-06-23 at the Wayback Machine.", The Root, 7 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Eicher, pp. 793–94, 797–99, 831–35.
Jump up ^ OR, Series I, Vol. XLIV, Part 1, p. 798.
Jump up ^ Parten, Bennett (2017). "'Somewhere Toward Freedom': Sherman's March and Georgia's Refugee Slaves". Georgia Historical Quarterly. 101 (2): 115–146. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Campbell, p. 33.
^ Jump up to: a b Catton, pp. 415-16.
Jump up ^ Inflation Calculator website, accessed April 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ Kennett, p. 309.
Jump up ^ Hattaway and Jones, p. 655.
Jump up ^ Eicher, p. 768.
Jump up ^ Eicher, p. 763.
Jump up ^ "Historical markers illustrate overlooked stories", 5 September 2011; accessed 28 July 2016
References[edit]
Campbell, Jacqueline Glass. When Sherman Marched North from the Sea: Resistance on the Confederate Home Front. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003. ISBN 978-0-8078-5659-8.
Catton, Bruce. The Centennial History of the Civil War. Vol. 3, Never Call Retreat. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965. ISBN 0-671-46990-8.
Eicher, David J. The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001. ISBN 0-684-84944-5.
Hattaway, Herman, and Archer Jones. How the North Won: A Military History of the Civil War. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1983. ISBN 0-252-00918-5.
Kennett, Lee. Marching through Georgia: The Story of Soldiers and Civilians During Sherman's Campaign. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1995. ISBN 0-06-092745-3.
McPherson, James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-19-503863-0.
Melton, Brian C. Sherman's Forgotten General. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-8262-1739-4.
Nevin, David, and the Editors of Time-Life Books. Sherman's March: Atlanta to the Sea. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1986. ISBN 0-8094-4812-2.
Trudeau, Noah Andre. Southern Storm: Sherman's March to the Sea. New York: HarperCollins, 2008. ISBN 978-0-06-059867-9.
Primary sources[edit]
Sherman, William T. Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman. 2nd ed. New York: Library of America, 1990. ISBN 0-940450-65-8. First published 1889 by D. Appleton & Co.
U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
Savannah Campaign Union order of battle (Official Records, Series I, Volume XLIV, pages 19-25)
Savannah Campaign Confederate order of battle (Official Records, Series I, Volume XLIV, pages 875-876)
Further reading[edit]
Library resources about
Sherman's March to the Sea
Resources in your library
Resources in other libraries
Davis, Stephen, What the Yankees Did to Us: Sherman's Bombardment and Wrecking of Atlanta. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2012. ISBN 0881463981
Fowler, John D. and David B. Parker, eds. Breaking the Heartland: The Civil War in Georgia 2011 ISBN 9780881462401
Frank, Lisa Tendrich (2015). The Civilian War: Confederate Women and Union Soldiers During Sherman's March. Louisiana State University Press. ISBN 9780807159965. OCLC 894313641.
Glatthaar, Joseph T. The March to the Sea and Beyond: Sherman's Troops in the Savannah and Carolinas Campaigns. New York University Press, 1985. ISBN 0-8147-3001-9.
Miers, Earl Schenck. The General Who Marched to Hell; William Tecumseh Sherman and His March to Fame and Infamy. New York: Knopf, 1951. OCLC 1107192
Miles, Jim. To the Sea: A History and Tour Guide of the War in the West, Sherman's March across Georgia and through the Carolinas, 1864–1865. Nashville, TN: Cumberland House, 2002. ISBN 1-58182-261-8.
Rhodes, James Ford. "Sherman's March to the Sea" American Historical Review 6#3 (1901) pp. 466–474 online free old classic account
Rubin, Anne Sarah (2014). Through the Heart of Dixie : Sherman's March and American Memory. The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9781469617770. OCLC 875742477.
Secrist, Philip L. 2006. Sherman's 1864 Trail of Battle to Atlanta. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press.
Smith, David, and Richard Hook. Sherman's March to the Sea 1864: Atlanta to Savannah Osprey Publishing, 2012. ISBN 9781846030352 OCLC 74968763
Smith, Derek. Civil War Savannah. Savannah, Ga: Frederic C. Beil, 1997. ISBN 0-913720-93-3.
Welch, Robert Christopher. "Forage Liberally: The Role of Agriculture in Sherman's March to the Sea." Iowa State University thesis, 2011. online
Whelchel, Love Henry (2014). Sherman's March and the Emergence of the Independent Black Church Movement: From Atlanta to the Sea to Emancipation. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9781137405173. OCLC 864501780.
External links[edit]
Groce, W. Todd, Rethinking Sherman's March
Today in Georgia History: March to the Sea
Today in Georgia History: Sherman in Savannah
National Park Service battle descriptions for the Savannah Campaign
National Park Service report on preservation and historic boundaries at the Savannah Campaign battlefields
Harper's History: March to the sea
New Georgia Encyclopedia article on the March
Army of Georgia Historical Society
Clark, Frank Oliver, Article on Sherman's March to the Sea
Photographic views of Sherman's campaign, from negatives taken in the field, by Geo. N. Barnard, official photographer of the military div. of the Mississippi. Published/Created: New York, Press of Wynkoop & Hallenbeck, 1866. (searchable facsimile at the University of Georgia Libraries; DjVu & layered PDF format)
Sheet music for "Sherman's March to the Sea" from Project Gutenberg
Photo of Sherman's handwritten note for the telegraph, offering Savannah as a present for President Lincoln
Noah Andre Trudeau Webcast Author Lecture at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library on September 11, 2008.
Georgia Public Broadcasting: 37 weeks - Sherman on the March
The March to the Sea historical marker
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2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (AFC)
Tournament details
Dates
12 March 2015 – 10 October 2017
Teams
46 (from 1 confederation)
Tournament statistics
Matches played
226
Goals scored
665 (2.94 per match)
Attendance
4,377,585 (19,370 per match)
Top scorer(s)
Mohammad Al-Sahlawi
Ahmed Khalil
(16 goals each)
← 2014
2022 →
All statistics correct as of 10 October 2017
(including any matches not played but awarded).
The Asian section of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification acted as qualifiers for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, to be held in Russia, for national teams which are members of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). A total of 4.5 slots (4 direct slots and 1 inter-confederation play-off slot) in the final tournament were available for AFC teams.[1]
On 16 April 2014, the AFC Executive Committee approved a proposal to merge the preliminary qualification rounds of the FIFA World Cup and the AFC Asian Cup, which will be expanded to 24 teams starting in 2019.[2] Therefore, the first two rounds of the FIFA World Cup qualifiers also acted as qualifiers for the 2019 AFC Asian Cup in the United Arab Emirates.
Contents
[hide]
1 Format
2 Entrants
3 Schedule
4 First round
5 Second round
5.1 Summary
5.2 Groups
5.2.1 Group A
5.2.2 Group B
5.2.3 Group C
5.2.4 Group D
5.2.5 Group E
5.2.6 Group F
5.2.7 Group G
5.2.8 Group H
5.3 Ranking of runner-up teams
6 Third round
6.1 Groups
6.1.1 Group A
6.1.2 Group B
7 Fourth round
8 Inter-confederation play-offs
9 Qualified teams
10 Top goalscorers
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
Format[edit]
The qualification structure was as follows:[2][3]
First round: A total of 12 teams (teams ranked 35–46) played home-and-away over two legs. The six winners advanced to the second round.
Second round: A total of 40 teams (teams ranked 1–34 and six first round winners) were divided into eight groups of five teams to play home-and-away round-robin matches. The eight group winners and the four best group runners-up advanced to the third round of FIFA World Cup qualification as well as qualified for the 2019 AFC Asian Cup finals.
Third round: The 12 teams (an increase from 10 for 2014) which had advanced from the second round were divided into two groups of six teams to play home-and-away round-robin matches. The top two teams of each group qualified for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, and the two third-placed teams advanced to the fourth round.
Fourth round: The two third-placed teams of each group from the third round played home-and-away over two legs. The winner advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs.
A total of 24 teams eliminated from World Cup qualification in the second round will compete in the third round of 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification (which will be separate from the third round of 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification), where they will be divided into six groups of four teams and compete for the remaining slots of the 2019 AFC Asian Cup. The 24 teams will consist of the 16 highest ranked teams eliminated in the second round, and the eight teams that advanced from the play-off round of 2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification which were contested by the remaining 12 teams eliminated in the second round.[4]
Entrants[edit]
The 46 FIFA-affiliated nations from the AFC entered qualification.[5] In order to determine which nations would compete in the first round and which nations would receive a bye through to the second round, the FIFA World Rankings of January 2015 were used (shown in parentheses), as those were the latest published rankings prior to the first round draw. The FIFA Rankings of January 2015 were also used for seeding of the first round draw; however, for seeding in the second round and third round draws, the most recent FIFA Rankings prior to those draws were used.
From the January 2015 FIFA World Rankings[6]
Bye to the second round
(Ranked 1st to 34th)
Competing in first round
(Ranked 35th to 46th)
Iran (51)
Japan (54)
South Korea (69)
Uzbekistan (71)
United Arab Emirates (80)
Qatar (92)
Oman (93)
Jordan (93)
China PR (96)
Australia (100)
Saudi Arabia (102)
Bahrain (110)
Iraq (114)
Palestine (115)
Lebanon (122)
Kuwait (125)
Philippines (129)
Maldives (131)
Vietnam (133)
Tajikistan (136)
Myanmar (141)
Afghanistan (142)
Thailand (144)
Turkmenistan (147)
North Korea (150)
Syria (151)
Kyrgyzstan (152)
Malaysia (154)
Hong Kong (156)
Singapore (157)
Indonesia (159)
Laos (160)
Guam (161)
Bangladesh (165)
India (171)
Sri Lanka (172)
Yemen (176)
Cambodia (179)
Chinese Taipei (182)
Timor-Leste (185)
Nepal (186)
Macau (186)
Pakistan (188)
Mongolia (194)
Brunei (198)
Bhutan (209)
Schedule[edit]
The schedule of the competition was as follows.[7][8][9]
Round
Matchday
Date
First round First leg 12 March 2015
Second leg 17 March 2015
Second round Matchday 1 11 June 2015
Matchday 2 16 June 2015
Matchday 3 3 September 2015
Matchday 4 8 September 2015
Matchday 5 8 October 2015
Matchday 6 13 October 2015
Matchday 7 12 November 2015
Matchday 8 17 November 2015
Matchday 9 24 March 2016
Matchday 10 29 March 2016
Round
Matchday
Date
Third round Matchday 1 1 September 2016
Matchday 2 6 September 2016
Matchday 3 6 October 2016
Matchday 4 11 October 2016
Matchday 5 15 November 2016
Matchday 6 23 March 2017
Matchday 7 28 March 2017
Matchday 8 13 June 2017
Matchday 9 31 August 2017
Matchday 10 5 September 2017
Fourth round First leg 5 October 2017
Second leg 10 October 2017
The inter-confederation play-offs are scheduled to be played between 6–14 November 2017.[10]
First round[edit]
Main article: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC First Round
The draw for the first round was held on 10 February 2015, 15:30 MST (UTC+8), at the AFC House in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[11]
Team 1
Agg.
Team 2
1st leg
2nd leg
India 2–0 Nepal 2–0 0–0
Yemen 3–1 Pakistan 3–1 0–0
Timor-Leste 5–1 Mongolia 4–1 1–0
Cambodia 4–1 Macau 3–0 1–1
Chinese Taipei 2–1 Brunei 0–1 2–0
Sri Lanka 1–3 Bhutan 0–1 1–2
Second round[edit]
Main article: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC Second Round
The draw for the second round was held on 14 April 2015, at 17:00 MST (UTC+8), at the JW Marriott Hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[12][13]
Summary[edit]
Qualified for the Third Round and Asia Cup as winners or top four runners-up
Advanced to the Third Asian Cup qualifying round as bottom four runners-up, third place, or top four fourth placed team
Advanced to the AFC Asian Cup qualifying play-off round.
Denotes a team that was disqualified as a result of a previous FIFA suspension.
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Group E
Group F
Group G
Group H

Saudi Arabia

United Arab Emirates
Australia
Qatar

China PR
Iran
Japan

Syria
Thailand

Iraq
South Korea
Uzbekistan

Palestine
Jordan

Kyrgyzstan
Hong Kong
Oman

Turkmenistan

Guam
Singapore

Afghanistan
Vietnam
Lebanon

Kuwait

Myanmar
North Korea

Philippines

Bahrain

Malaysia

Timor-Leste
Tajikistan

Bangladesh
Maldives

Bhutan
India
Cambodia
Chinese Taipei
Laos
Yemen

Indonesia
Groups[edit]
[show]2018 FIFA World Cup qualification tiebreakers
In league format, the ranking of teams in each group is based on the following criteria (regulations Articles 20.6 and 20.7):[14]
Points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss)
Overall goal difference
Overall goals scored
Points in matches between tied teams
Goal difference in matches between tied teams
Goals scored in matches between tied teams
Away goals scored in matches between tied teams (if the tie is only between two teams in home-and-away league format)
Fair play points
first yellow card: minus 1 point
indirect red card (second yellow card): minus 3 points
direct red card: minus 4 points
yellow card and direct red card: minus 5 points
Drawing of lots by the FIFA Organising Committee
Group A[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Saudi Arabia 8 6 2 0 28 4 +24 20 Third round and Asian Cup — 2–1 3–2 2–0 7–0
2
United Arab Emirates 8 5 2 1 25 4 +21 17 1–1 — 2–0 10–0 8–0
3
Palestine 8 3 3 2 22 6 +16 12 Asian Cup qualifying third round 0–0 0–0 — 6–0 7–0
4
Malaysia 8 1 1 6 3 30 −27 4 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–3[a] 1–2 0–6 — 1–1
5
Timor-Leste 8 0 2 6 2 36 −34 2 0–10 0–1 1–1 0–1 —
Source: FIFA
Notes:
Jump up ^ The Malaysia v Saudi Arabia match, on 8 September 2015, was abandoned during the 87th minute after a group of supporters threw objects onto the pitch. At the time of the abandonment the score was 2–1 to Saudi Arabia. On 5 October 2015, FIFA decided that this match was forfeited by Malaysia and the result to be declared as a 3–0 win awarded for Saudi Arabia.[15][16]
Group B[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Australia 8 7 0 1 29 4 +25 21 Third round and Asian Cup — 5–1 3–0 7–0 5–0
2
Jordan 8 5 1 2 21 7 +14 16 Asian Cup qualifying third round 2–0 — 0–0 3–0 8–0
3
Kyrgyzstan 8 4 2 2 10 8 +2 14 1–2 1–0 — 2–2 2–0
4
Tajikistan 8 1 2 5 9 20 −11 5 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–3 1–3 0–1 — 5–0
5
Bangladesh 8 0 1 7 2 32 −30 1 0–4 0–4 1–3 1–1 —
Source: FIFA
Group C[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Qatar 8 7 0 1 29 4 +25 21 Third round and Asian Cup — 1–0 2–0 4–0 15–0
2
China PR 8 5 2 1 27 1 +26 17 2–0 — 0–0 4–0 12–0
3
Hong Kong 8 4 2 2 13 5 +8 14 Asian Cup qualifying third round 2–3 0–0 — 2–0 7–0
4
Maldives 8 2 0 6 8 20 −12 6 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–1 0–3 0–1 — 4–2
5
Bhutan 8 0 0 8 5 52 −47 0 0–3 0–6 0–1 3–4 —
Source: FIFA
Group D[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Iran 8 6 2 0 26 3 +23 20 Third round and Asian Cup — 2–0 3–1 6–0 4–0
2
Oman 8 4 2 2 11 7 +4 14 Asian Cup qualifying third round 1–1 — 3–1 1–0 3–0
3
Turkmenistan 8 4 1 3 10 11 −1 13 1–1 2–1 — 1–0 2–1
4
Guam 8 2 1 5 3 16 −13 7 0–6 0–0 1–0 — 2–1
5
India 8 1 0 7 5 18 −13 3 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–3[a] 1–2 1–2 1–0 —
Source: FIFA
Notes:
Jump up ^ FIFA awarded Iran a 3–0 win as a result of India fielding the ineligible player Eugeneson Lyngdoh.[17] The match initially ended 3–0 to Iran.
Group E[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Japan 8 7 1 0 27 0 +27 22 Third round and Asian Cup — 5–0 0–0 5–0 3–0
2
Syria 8 6 0 2 26 11 +15 18 0–3 — 1–0 5–2 6–0
3
Singapore 8 3 1 4 9 9 0 10 Asian Cup qualifying third round 0–3 1–2 — 1–0 2–1
4
Afghanistan 8 3 0 5 8 24 −16 9 0–6 0–6 2–1 — 3–0
5
Cambodia 8 0 0 8 1 27 −26 0 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–2 0–6 0–4 0–1 —
Source: FIFA
Group F[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Thailand 6 4 2 0 14 6 +8 14 Third round and Asian Cup — 2–2 1–0 4–2 —
2
Iraq 6 3 3 0 13 6 +7 12 2–2 — 1–0 5–1 —
3
Vietnam 6 2 1 3 7 8 −1 7 Asian Cup qualifying third round 0–3 1–1 — 4–1 —
4
Chinese Taipei 6 0 0 6 5 19 −14 0 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–2 0–2 1–2 — —
5
Indonesia (D) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Disqualified due to FIFA suspension[a] — — — — —
Source: FIFA
(D) Disqualified.
Notes:
Jump up ^ On 30 May 2015, FIFA announced that the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) was suspended with immediate effect for governmental interference.[18] On 3 June 2015, the AFC confirmed that Indonesia have been excluded from the qualifying competition, and all matches involving them have been cancelled.[19]
Group G[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
South Korea 8 8 0 0 27 0 +27 24 Third round and Asian Cup — 1–0 3–0[a] 4–0 8–0
2
Lebanon 8 3 2 3 12 6 +6 11 Asian Cup qualifying third round 0–3 — 0–1 1–1 7–0
3
Kuwait[a] 8 3 1 4 12 10 +2 10 0–1 0–0 — 9–0 0–3[a]
4
Myanmar 8 2 2 4 9 21 −12 8 0–2 0–2 3–0[a] — 3–1
5
Laos 8 1 1 6 6 29 −23 4 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 0–5 0–2 0–2 2–2 —
Source: FIFA
Notes:
^ Jump up to: a b c d On 16 October 2015, the Kuwait FA was suspended by FIFA with immediate effect, after Kuwait had failed to comply with a decision from the FIFA Executive Committee that sports law of the country had to be changed before 15 October. The three remaining matches involving Kuwait (away v Myanmar, home v Laos, away v South Korea) were not played as originally scheduled, and were later awarded as 3–0 wins for Kuwait's opponents.
Group H[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Uzbekistan 8 7 0 1 20 7 +13 21 Third round and Asian Cup — 3–1 1–0 1–0 1–0
2
North Korea 8 5 1 2 14 8 +6 16 Asian Cup qualifying third round 4–2 — 0–0 2–0 1–0
3
Philippines 8 3 1 4 8 12 −4 10 1–5 3–2 — 2–1 0–1
4
Bahrain 8 3 0 5 10 10 0 9 0–4 0–1 2–0 — 3–0
5
Yemen 8 1 0 7 2 17 −15 3 Asian Cup qualifying play-off round 1–3 0–3[a] 0–2 0–4 —
Source: FIFA
Notes:
Jump up ^ FIFA awarded North Korea a 3–0 win as a result of Yemen fielding the ineligible player Mudir Al-Radaei, after North Korea had defeated Yemen 1–0. Al-Radaei failed to serve an automatic one match suspension for receiving two yellow cards earlier in the First Round of the competition.[20]
Ranking of runner-up teams[edit]
To determine the four best runner-up teams, the following criteria were used:
Points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss)
Goal difference
Goals scored
Fair play points
Drawing of lots
As a result of Indonesia being disqualified due to FIFA suspension, Group F contained only four teams compared to five teams in all other groups. Therefore, the results against the fifth-placed team were not counted when determining the ranking of the runner-up teams.[21]
Pos
Grp
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
F Iraq 6 3 3 0 13 6 +7 12 Third round and Asian Cup
2
E Syria 6 4 0 2 14 11 +3 12
3
A United Arab Emirates 6 3 2 1 16 4 +12 11
4
C China PR 6 3 2 1 9 1 +8 11
5
H North Korea 6 3 1 2 10 8 +2 10 Asian Cup qualifying third round
6
B Jordan 6 3 1 2 9 7 +2 10
7
D Oman 6 2 2 2 6 6 0 8
8
G Lebanon 6 1 2 3 3 6 −3 5
Source: FIFA
Rules for classification: Counting only matches against teams ranked first to fourth in the group, 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored; 4) Fair play points; 5) Drawing of lots.
Third round[edit]
Main article: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC Third Round
The third round consisted of two groups of six teams. The first two teams in each group have qualified for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The two third-placed teams proceeded to the fourth round.
The draw for the third round was held on 12 April 2016, at 16:30 MST (UTC+8), at the Mandarin Oriental Hotel in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.[22][23]
Groups[edit]
[show]2018 FIFA World Cup qualification tiebreakers
In league format, the ranking of teams in each group is based on the following criteria (regulations Articles 20.6 and 20.7):[14]
Points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss)
Overall goal difference
Overall goals scored
Points in matches between tied teams
Goal difference in matches between tied teams
Goals scored in matches between tied teams
Away goals scored in matches between tied teams (if the tie is only between two teams in home-and-away league format)
Fair play points
first yellow card: minus 1 point
indirect red card (second yellow card): minus 3 points
direct red card: minus 4 points
yellow card and direct red card: minus 5 points
Drawing of lots by the FIFA Organising Committee
Group A[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Iran 10 6 4 0 10 2 +8 22 Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup — 1–0 2–2 2–0 1–0 2–0
2
South Korea 10 4 3 3 11 10 +1 15 0–0 — 1–0 2–1 3–2 3–2
3
Syria 10 3 4 3 9 8 +1 13 Advance to fourth round 0–0 0–0 — 1–0 2–2 3–1
4
Uzbekistan 10 4 1 5 6 7 −1 13 0–1 0–0 1–0 — 2–0 1–0
5
China PR 10 3 3 4 8 10 −2 12 0–0 1–0 0–1 1–0 — 0–0
6
Qatar 10 2 1 7 8 15 −7 7 0–1 3–2 1–0 0–1 1–2 —
Source: FIFA
Group B[edit]
Pos
Team
v
t
e
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Japan 10 6 2 2 17 7 +10 20 Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup — 2–1 2–0 1–2 2–1 4–0
2
Saudi Arabia 10 6 1 3 17 10 +7 19 1–0 — 2–2 3–0 1–0 1–0
3
Australia 10 5 4 1 16 11 +5 19 Advance to fourth round 1–1 3–2 — 2–0 2–0 2–1
4
United Arab Emirates 10 4 1 5 10 13 −3 13 0–2 2–1 0–1 — 2–0 3–1
5
Iraq 10 3 2 5 11 12 −1 11 1–1 1–2 1–1 1–0 — 4–0
6
Thailand 10 0 2 8 6 24 −18 2 0–2 0–3 2–2 1–1 1–2 —
Source: FIFA
Fourth round[edit]
Main article: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC Fourth Round
The two third-placed teams in each group from the third round played against each other home-and-away over two legs to determine which team advanced to the inter-confederation play-offs.
The order of legs was announced during the draw for the third round.[24] Syria played their home match, as with all their home matches in the third round, in Malaysia due to the war time condition in Syria.[25]
Team 1
Agg.
Team 2
1st leg
2nd leg
Syria 2–3 Australia 1–1 1–2 (a.e.t.)
Inter-confederation play-offs[edit]
Main article: 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF–AFC play-off)
The draw for the inter-confederation play-offs was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (UTC+3), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg.[26] The fifth-placed team from AFC was drawn against the fourth-placed team from CONCACAF, with the AFC team hosting the second leg.[27]
Team 1
Agg.
Team 2
1st leg
2nd leg
Honduras Play-off 1 Australia 6–14 Nov 6–14 Nov
Qualified teams[edit]
The following teams from AFC have qualified for the final tournament.
Team
Qualified as
Qualified on
Previous appearances in tournament1
Iran A1 !Third round Group A winners 000000002017-06-12-000012 June 2017 4 (1978, 1998, 2006, 2014)
Japan B1 !Third round Group B winners 000000002017-08-31-000031 August 2017 5 (1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014)
South Korea A2 !Third round Group A runners-up 000000002017-09-05-00015 September 2017 9 (1954, 1986, 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014)
Saudi Arabia B2 !Third round Group B runners-up 000000002017-09-05-00025 September 2017 4 (1994, 1998, 2002, 2006)
1 Bold indicates champions for that year. Italic indicates hosts for that year.
Top goalscorers[edit]
16 goals
Mohammad Al-Sahlawi
Ahmed Khalil
11 goals
Tim Cahill
Sardar Azmoun
10 goals
Omar Kharbin
9 goals
Hassan Al-Haidos
Ali Mabkhout
8 goals
Yang Xu
Mehdi Taremi
7 goals
Mile Jedinak
Yu Dabao
Keisuke Honda
Son Heung-min
6 goals
Tom Rogic
Mohannad Abdul-Raheem
Shinji Kagawa
Hamza Al-Dardour
Taisir Al-Jassim
Mahmoud Al-Mawas
Manuchekhr Dzhalilov
For full lists of goalscorers, see sections in each round:
First round
Second round
Third round
Fourth round
See also[edit]
2019 AFC Asian Cup qualification
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Current allocation of FIFA World Cup™ confederation slots maintained". FIFA.com. 30 May 2015. Archived from the original on 30 May 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "ExCo approves expanded AFC Asian Cup finals". AFC. 16 April 2014. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015.
Jump up ^ "Draw Procedures – Asian Zone" (PDF). FIFA.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "World Cup draw looms large in Asia". FIFA.com. 13 April 2015. Archived from the original on 16 April 2015. Completing the tournament's qualifying contenders will be the next 16 highest ranked teams, with the remaining 12 sides battling it out in play-off matches to claim the last eight spots.
Jump up ^ "Road to Russia with new milestone". FIFA.com. 15 January 2015. Archived from the original on 22 January 2015.
Jump up ^ "FIFA Men's Ranking – January 2015 (AFC)". FIFA.com. 8 January 2015. Archived from the original on 13 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "AFC Calendar of Competitions 2015" (PDF). AFC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "AFC Calendar of Competitions 2016" (PDF). AFC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "AFC Calendar of Competitions 2017" (PDF). AFC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "FIFA Calendar". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 25 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "India v Nepal headlines 2018 World Cup, 2019 Asian Cup qualifiers draw". AFC. 10 February 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Draw date set for Round 2 of 2018 World Cup, 2019 Asian Cup qualifiers". AFC. 26 March 2015. Archived from the original on 6 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Draw: Russia 2018 / UAE 2019 Joint Qualification Round 2". AFC. 15 April 2015. Archived from the original on 15 April 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Regulations – 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia" (PDF). FIFA.com.
Jump up ^ Rashvinjeet S. Bedi; T. Avineshwaran (8 September 2015). "Malaysia-Saudi match abandoned after crowd trouble". The Star. Retrieved 8 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Malaysian FA sanctioned after abandonment of FIFA World Cup qualifier". FIFA.com. 5 October 2015. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "DISCIPLINARY OVERVIEW – 2018 FIFA WORLD CUP RUSSIA™ QUALIFIERS" (PDF). FIFA. 1 February 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2016.
Jump up ^ "Current allocation of FIFA World Cup™ confederation slots maintained". FIFA.com. 30 May 2015.
Jump up ^ "Impact of Football Association of Indonesia suspension". AFC. 3 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Yemen sanctioned for fielding ineligible player". FIFA. 6 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Criteria to Determine the Rankings of Best-placed Teams among the Groups" (PDF). AFC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "2018 FIFA World Cup: Asian Qualifying Round 3 line up complete". Asian Football Confederation. 30 March 2016. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Stage set for Russia 2018 Asian Qualifiers Final Round draw". Asian Football Confederation. 10 April 2016. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Draw Mechanics for 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia™ Asian Qualifiers". YouTube. 10 April 2016. Archived from the original on 17 November 2016. Asian Play-off: MD1 (1st leg), 5 Oct 2017, A3 vs B3; MD2 (2nd leg), 10 Oct 2017, B3 vs A3. (Displayed in video at 1:40)
Jump up ^ "Australia v Syria World Cup qualifier to be held in Malaysia, AFC confirms". ABC News. 14 September 2017. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Preliminary Draw procedures outlined". fifa.com. 9 July 2015. Archived from the original on 12 July 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Preliminary Draw results in full". FIFA.com. 25 July 2015. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015.
External links[edit]
Official FIFA World Cup website
Qualifiers – Asia, FIFA.com
FIFA World Cup, the-AFC.com
[show]
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2018 FIFA World Cup qualification
AFC
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CAF
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Round Robin
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values: تصفيات كأس العالم لكرة القدم 2018 (آسيا) – Arabic

values: Classificació de la Copa del Món de futbol 2018-AFC – Catalan

values: Kvalifikace na Mistrovství světa ve fotbale 2018 (AFC) – Czech

values: Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft 2018/Qualifikation (AFC) – German

values: Προκριματικά Παγκοσμίου Κυπέλλου Ποδοσφαίρου 2018 (ΑΦΚ) – Greek

values: Clasificación de AFC para la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2018 – Spanish

values: مرحله مقدماتی جام جهانی فوتبال ۲۰۱۸ (آسیا) – Persian

values: Éliminatoires de la Coupe du monde de football 2018 : zone Asie – French

values: Kualifikasi Piala Dunia FIFA 2018 (AFC) – Indonesian

values: Qualificazioni al campionato mondiale di calcio 2018 - AFC – Italian

values: מוקדמות מונדיאל 2018 - אסיה – Hebrew

values: 2018. gada FIFA Pasaules kausa kvalifikācija — AFC zona – Latvian

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values: 2018-as labdarúgó-világbajnokság-selejtező (AFC) – Hungarian

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values: Wereldkampioenschap voetbal 2018 (kwalificatie AFC) – Dutch

values: FIFA Jahon chempionati 2018 saralash bosqichi (AFC) – Uzbek

values: Mistrzostwa Świata w Piłce Nożnej 2018 (eliminacje strefy AFC) – Polish

values: Eliminatórias da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2018 - Ásia – Portuguese

values: Calificările pentru Campionatul Mondial de Fotbal 2018 (AFC) – Romanian

values: Чемпионат мира по футболу 2018 (отборочный турнир, АФК) – Russian

values: Svetovno prvenstvo v nogometu 2018 - kvalifikacije (AFC) – Slovenian

values: Квалификације за Светско првенство у фудбалу 2018 — АФК – Serbian

values: AFC:n karsinnat jalkapallon maailmanmestaruuskilpailuihin 2018 – Finnish

values: Kvalspelet till världsmästerskapet i fotboll 2018 (AFC) – Swedish

values: ฟุตบอลโลก 2018 รอบคัดเลือก โซนเอเชีย – Thai

values: 2018 FIFA Dünya Kupası elemeleri (AFC) – Turkish

values: Чемпіонат світу з футболу 2018 (кваліфікаційний раунд, АФК) – Ukrainian

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values: 2018年國際足協世界盃外圍賽 (亞洲區) – Chinese

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