text:
List of El Señor de los Cielos cast members
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This is a list of cast members including main, recurring, and guest stars on El Señor de los Cielos.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
1.3 Special guest stars
2 References
Cast[edit]
Main[edit]
The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits:
Rafael Amaya
(Aurelio Casillas)
Fernanda Castillo
(Mónica Robles)
Carmen Aub
(Rutila Casillas)
Mauricio Ochmann
(José María "Chema" Venegas)
Maritza Rodríguez
(Amparo Rojas)
Vanessa Villela
(Emiliana Contreras)
Lisa Owen
(Alba Casillas)
Angélica Celaya (Eugenia Casas)
Sergio Mur (Timothy "Tim" Rowlings)
Carlos Mata (Juan Carlos Salvatierra)
Javier Díaz Dueñas
(Don Anacleto "Cleto")
Ofelia Medina
(Lourdes Contreras)
Actor
Character
Appearances
1
2
3
4
5
Rafael Amaya Aurelio Casillas Starring
Ximena Herrera Ximena Letrán Starring
Robinson Díaz Miltón Jiménez / El Cabo Starring Recurring
Raúl Méndez Víctor Casillas / Chacorta Starring[1]
Gabriel Porras Marco Mejía Starring
Carmen Villalobos Leonor Ballesteros Recurring Starring
Mauricio Ochmann José María "Chema" Venegas Guest Starring[2]
Fernanda Castillo Mónica Robles Recurring Starring
Marlene Favela Victoria Navárez / La Gober Starring[3]
Carmen Aub Rutila Casillas Recurring Starring
Maritza Rodríguez Amparo Rojas Starring[4]
Sabrina Seara Esperanza Salvatierra Recurring[5] Starring
Vanessa Villela Emiliana Contreras Starring[6]
Maricela González Eunice Lara / La Felina Recurring Starring
Mariana Seoane Mabel Castaño / Ninón del Valle[7] Starring
Miguel Varoni Leandro Quezada Starring

Recurring[edit]
The following members of the cast are shown as recurring, because each counts as a special participation or guest actor:
Sara Corrales as Matilde Rojas (seasons 1-2)
Fernando Solórzano as Óscar Cadena (season 1)
Arturo Barba as Alí Benjumea / El Turco (seasons 1-2)
Lisa Owen as Doña Alba Casillas (seasons 1-3, 5)
Juan Ríos Cantú as General Daniel Jiménez Arroyo / El Letrudo (season 1)
Angélica Celaya as Eugenia Casas (season 1)
Tommy Vásquez as Álvaro José Pérez / El Tijeras (seasons 1-4)
Fabián Peña as Jesús Linares (season 1)
Emmanuel Orenday as Gregorio Ponte (seasons 1-2)
Ruy Senderos as Heriberto Casillas (seasons 1-2)
Bianca Calderón as Roxana Mondragón (season 1)
Ángel Cerlo as General Castro (season 1)
Rodolfo Valdés as Alejandro Negrete (season 1)
Alejandra Toussaint as Isabel (seasons 1-2)
Juan Camilo Yepes as Comandante Macario (seasons 1-2)
Arnoldo Picazzo as Flavio Huerta (season 1)
Juan Ignacio Aranda as Ramiro Silva de la Garza (seasons 1-4)
Jorge Zárate as Juan Montoya (season 1)
Javier Díaz Dueñas as Don Anacleto "Cleto" Letrán (season 1)
Erika de la Rosa as Elsa Marín (season 2)
Alejandro Durán as Trino Rivera (seasons 2-3)
Guillermo Quintanilla as Isidro Robles (season 1)
Iñaki Goci as El Triste (seasons 1-2)
Manuela González as Lorelay "Lay" Cadena (seasons 1-2)[8]
Paloma Ruiz de Alda as Elga (season 2)
Alejandro de la Madrid as Ignacio Miravalle (seasons 2-4)[9]
Ari Brickman as Jeremy Andrews (seasons 2-3)
Carlos Torrestorija as Maximiliano "Max" Miravalle (season 2)
Tomás Goros as General Antonio Garnica as (seasons 2-4)
Surya MacGregor as Cecilia (season 2)
Antonio de la Vega as Santiago Echeverría (season 2)
Miguel Melo as Víctor Casillas Jr #1 (season 2)
Sahit Sosa as Ernesto Gamboa (seasons 2-3)
Juan Luis Orendain as Padre Lázaro Sánchez (season 2)
Ausencio Cruz as José Antonio Gutiérrez Velarde / Pepe Johnson (season 2)
Toño Muñiz as Coronel Marcelino Ramos (season 2)
Irineo Álvarez as Pedro Navárez (season 2)
Flavio Peniche as Mario Quintero / El Bigotes (season 2)
Juan Carlos Gascón as Iñaki Izarrieta (season 2)
Sandra Díaz as Irma Veracierta (seasons 2-3)
Sergio Mur as Timothy "Tim" Rowlings (seasons 3-4)
Gala Montes as Luz Marina "Luzma" Casillas (seasons 3-4)
Manuel Balbi as Rodrigo Rivero Lanz (seasons 2-5)
Leonardo Daniel as Don Alfredo "Feyo" Aguilera (seasons 3-4)
Jesús Moré as Omar Terán (seasons 3-5)
Verónica Montes as Belén Guerrero / La Condesa (season 3)
Alejandro López as El Súper Javi (seasons 3-5)
Jorge Luis Moreno as Víctor Casillas Jr. (seasons 3-5)
Viviana Serna as Cristina Salgado (season 3)
Bárbara Singer as Elisa Peña (seasons 3-4)
Edgardo González as Lilo Plana (seasons 2-4)
Ofelia Guiza as Diana (season 3)
Sebastián Ferrat as Juan Antonio Marcado (seasons 3-4)
Alejandro Peniche as Felipe Medardo (season 3)
Fernando Sarfatti as Valentín Fons (season 3)
Franklin Virgüez as General Diosdado Carreño Arias (seasons 3-4)
Arnulfo Reyes Sánchez as Benjamín / El Espanto (seasons 3-4)
Alejandro Navarrete as El Zopilote (seasons 3-4)
Plutarco Haza as Darwin Navarrete / El Ingeniero (seasons 3-5)
Wendy de los Cobos as Aguasanta "Tata" Guerra (seasons 3-5)
Iván Arana as Ismael Guerra (seasons 4-5)
Geraldine Zinat as Amalia Ramírez (season 4)
Diego de Tovar as Nicandro "Niki" Limón (season 4)
Carlos Fonseca as Nazareno Ramírez (season 4)
Ivonne Montero as Consuelo "Connie" Limón (season 4)
Christian Tappán as Gustavo Gaviria / El Oficial (seasons 4-5)
Roxana Chávez as Eva Ernestina Gallardo (seasons 3-5)
Gabriel Coronel as Armando Pérez Ricard (seasons 3-4)
Iván Tamayo as Jorge Elías Salazar (seasons 3-5)
Marco Treviño as Abel Terán (seasons 3-4)
Sebastián Caicedo as El Tostao Yepes / Eleazar Yepes (seasons 2-4)
Lorena del Castillo as Oficial Evelyn García (seasons 3-5)
Fernando Banda as El Vitaminas (seasons 1-5)
Daniel Rascón as El Toro (seasons 2-5)
Néstor Rodulfo as General Camilo Jaramillo (seasons 3-4)
Alejandro Félix as Chatarrero (seasons 3-5)
Gerardo Taracena as El Chamán (seasons 3-5)
Marco Zetina as Dr. Ricardo Monteverde (seasons 3-4)
Cristian Santin as El Roto (seasons 3-4)
Lambda García as Nerio Pereira (season 4)[10]
Patricia Vico as Pilar Ortiz (season 5)
Rafael Novoa as Pepe Cadena / El Duro (season 5)[11]
Emmanuel Esparza as Tony Pastrana (season 5)[12]
Paloma Jiménez as Paloma Villareal (season 5)
José Sedek as Bernardo Castillo (season 5)
Polo Monarrez as Filemón (season 5)
Daniela Zavala as Arelis Mendoza (seasons 3-5)
Carlos Puente as Pompeyo (seasons 2-5)
Francisco Calvillo as Rubén Saba (season 5)
Alam Slim as Jaime Ernesto Rosales (season 5)
Alex Walerstein as El Greñas (season 5)
José Juan Meraz as David Ponce (season 5)
Catherina Cardozo as Giuseppina "Pina" Cortini (season 5)
Ricardo Leguizamo as Rafael Jiménez / Doble 30 (season 5)
Ernesto Benjumea as Melquiades Soler / Penumbra (season 5)
Ofelia Medina as Lourdes Contreras (season 4-5)
Juan Martín Jauregui as Sebastián Almagro (season 5)
Carlos Mata as Juan Carlos Salvatierra (season 5)
Leonardo Álvarez as Leonardo Castaño / El Chemita (season 5)[7]
Special guest stars[edit]
La Arrolladora Banda El Limón as Themselves (season 1)
Roberto Tapia as Himself (season 1-2, 5)
Larry Hernandez as Himself (season 1)
Andrés Parra as Pablo Escobar (season 1)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Raúl Méndez ‘Chacorta’ En ‘El Señor De Los Cielos’ Confirma Que No Participará En Temporada 3" (in Spanish). Novela Lounge. Retrieved September 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ Aroa Díaz. "Comienzan las grabaciones de ‘El señor de los cielos 4’". Teleprograma Fotogramas (in Spanish). Retrieved August 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "'El Señor de los Cielos' regresa para una segunda temporada" (in Spanish). Retrieved December 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Yolaine Díaz. "Maritza Rodríguez cambiará el rumbo de El señor de los cielos". People en Español (in Spanish). Retrieved May 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "El Señor de los Cielos tercera temporada inicia sus grabaciones" (in Spanish). Telemundo. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ González, Moisés. "Vanessa Villela buscará vengarse de El señor de los cielos". People en Español (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 April 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "¿Quién es Leo “el Chemita” en el Señor de los Cielos 5? Lo que tienes que saber". ahoramismo.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Manuela González Aparece En ‘El Señor de los Cielos’ Como Lorelei (VIDEO)" (in Spanish). Novela Lounge. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
Jump up ^ Oliva Ramírez. "Alex de la Madrid, quiere hacer pagar a "El Señor de los Cielos"" (in Spanish). La voz Arizona. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
Jump up ^ ""El Señor De Los Cielos 4" Temporada Estreno Elenco Rumores: Dan A Conocer Primer Adelanto De Los Nuevos Capítulos De La Narco Serie De Telemundo". spanish.latinospost.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 15 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Rafael Novoa Se Integra A ‘El Señor De Los Cielos 5’". novelalounge.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 4 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Emmanuel Esparza Se Une Al Elenco De ‘El Señor De Los Cielos 5’". novelalounge.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 27 April 2017. }
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text:
List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason streaks
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Part of a series on the
Major League Baseball postseason
Tie Breakers
Tie Breaker Games
Wild Card
Wild Card Game
Division Series
ALDS
NLDS
League Championship Series
ALCS (Winners list)
NLCS (Winners list)
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This is a list of Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise postseason and World Series streaks. The list includes only the modern World Series between the American League (AL) and the National League (NL), not the various 19th-century championship series.
The most successful postseason team in MLB history is the New York Yankees, who have achieved three of the four instances of a franchise winning more than two World Series championships in a row (one streak each of durations 3, 4, and 5 seasons) and five of the six instances of a franchise winning the league pennant (i.e., an appearance in the World Series) more than three times in a row (three streaks of 4 seasons and two streaks of 5 seasons). The only other franchises to achieve these milestones are the Oakland Athletics, who won three consecutive championships from 1972 to 1974, and the New York Giants, who won four consecutive pennants from 1921 to 1924. The Yankees also achieved a remarkable run of appearing in 15 of the 18 World Series from 1947 to 1964.
Beginning in 1969, MLB split into four divisions, and the winners of each competed in the League Championship Series, with the winners advancing to the World Series. When a multi-tier playoff system was implemented in 1995, the LCS remained the series that determined the pennant-winner. The longest streak of consecutive LCS appearances belongs to the Atlanta Braves with 8 in a row from 1991 to 1999 (not counting 1994, when there were no playoffs), while the second-longest belongs to the Oakland Athletics with 5 in a row from 1971 to 1975.
Further expansion of the postseason began in 1995, with eight teams entering the playoffs each year (further expanded to ten teams in 2012). In this era, the Braves entered the postseason 14 consecutive years from 1991 to 2005 (again not counting 1994), while the Yankees had a streak of 13 appearances from 1995 to 2007. However, all other postseason appearance streaks of 5 years or more predate the expanded-postseason era and are mentioned above, except for 5-year runs by the Cleveland Indians (1995–1999), the Philadelphia Phillies (2007–2011), the St. Louis Cardinals (2011–2015), and the Los Angeles Dodgers (2013–2017).
Contents
[hide]
1 World Series championship streaks
2 World Series appearance (pennant) streaks
3 League Championship Series appearance streaks
4 Postseason appearance streaks
5 See also
World Series championship streaks[edit]
Length
Team
Seasons
5 New York Yankees 1949–1953
4 New York Yankees 1936–1939
3 Oakland Athletics 1972–1974
3 New York Yankees 1998–2000
2 Chicago Cubs 1907–1908
2 Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911
2 Boston Red Sox 1915–1916
2 New York Giants 1921–1922
2 New York Yankees 1927–1928
2 Philadelphia Athletics 1929–1930
2 New York Yankees 1961–1962
2 Cincinnati Reds 1975–1976
2 New York Yankees 1977–1978
2 Toronto Blue Jays 1992–1993
Near streaks: Runs during which a franchise won World Series championships at least 70% of the time, with gaps of no more than one year:
Length
Team
Seasons
6 of 7 New York Yankees 1947, 1949–1953
6 of 8 New York Yankees 1936–1939, 1941, 1943
4 of 5 New York Yankees 1996, 1998–2000
3 of 4 Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911, 1913
3 of 4 Boston Red Sox 1915–1916, 1918
World Series appearance (pennant) streaks[edit]
Length
Team
Seasons
5 New York Yankees 1949–1953
5 New York Yankees 1960–1964
4 New York Giants 1921–1924
4 New York Yankees 1936–1939
4 New York Yankees 1955–1958
4 New York Yankees 1998–2001
3 Chicago Cubs 1906–1908
3 Detroit Tigers 1907–1909
3 New York Giants 1911–1913
3 New York Yankees 1921–1923
3 New York Yankees 1926–1928
3 Philadelphia Athletics 1929–1931
3 New York Yankees 1941–1943
3 St. Louis Cardinals 1942–1944
3 Baltimore Orioles 1969–1971
3 Oakland Athletics 1972–1974
3 New York Yankees 1976–1978
3 Oakland Athletics 1988–1990
2 Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911
2 Philadelphia Athletics 1913–1914
2 Boston Red Sox 1915–1916
2 Washington Senators 1924–1925
2 St. Louis Cardinals 1930–1931
2 Detroit Tigers 1934–1935
2 New York Giants 1936–1937
2 Cincinnati Reds 1939–1940
2 Brooklyn Dodgers 1952–1953
2 Brooklyn Dodgers 1955–1956
2 Milwaukee Braves 1957–1958
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 1965–1966
2 St. Louis Cardinals 1967–1968
2 Cincinnati Reds 1975–1976
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 1977–1978
2 Atlanta Braves 1991–1992
2 Toronto Blue Jays 1992–1993
2 Atlanta Braves 1995–1996
2 Philadelphia Phillies 2008–2009
2 Texas Rangers 2010–2011
2 Kansas City Royals 2014–2015
Near streaks: Runs during which a franchise won its league pennant at least 70% of the time, with gaps of no more than one year:
Length
Team
Seasons
15 of 18 New York Yankees 1947, 1949–1953, 1955–1958, 1960–1964
7 of 8 New York Yankees 1936–1939, 1941–1943
6 of 8 New York Yankees 1996, 1998–2001, 2003
4 of 5 Chicago Cubs 1906–1908, 1910
4 of 5 Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911, 1913–1914
4 of 5 St. Louis Cardinals 1942–1944, 1946
4 of 5 Brooklyn Dodgers 1952–1953, 1955–1956
4 of 5 Atlanta Braves 1991–1992*, 1995–1996
3 of 4 Boston Red Sox 1915–1916, 1918
3 of 4 St. Louis Cardinals 1928, 1930–1931
3 of 4 Los Angeles Dodgers 1963, 1965–1966
* Because the 1994 playoffs were cancelled, the year 1994 is not counted as either a part or an interruption of any streak.
League Championship Series appearance streaks[edit]
Bold indicates a current streak.
Length
Team
Seasons
8 Atlanta Braves 1991–1993*, 1995–1999
5 Oakland Athletics 1971–1975
4 New York Yankees 1998–2001
4 St. Louis Cardinals 2011–2014
3 Baltimore Orioles 1969–1971
3 Pittsburgh Pirates 1970–1972
3 Kansas City Royals 1976–1978
3 New York Yankees 1976–1978
3 Philadelphia Phillies 1976–1978
3 Oakland Athletics 1988–1990
3 Pittsburgh Pirates 1990–1992
3 Toronto Blue Jays 1991–1993
3 St. Louis Cardinals 2004–2006
3 Philadelphia Phillies 2008–2010
3 Detroit Tigers 2011–2013
3 Chicago Cubs 2015–2017
2 Minnesota Twins 1969–1970
2 Cincinnati Reds 1972–1973
2 Baltimore Orioles 1973–1974
2 Pittsburgh Pirates 1974–1975
2 Cincinnati Reds 1975–1976
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 1977–1978
2 New York Yankees 1980–1981
2 Kansas City Royals 1984–1985
2 Baltimore Orioles 1996–1997
2 Cleveland Indians 1997–1998
2 New York Mets 1999–2000
2 Seattle Mariners 2000–2001
2 Boston Red Sox 2003–2004
2 New York Yankees 2003–2004
2 Houston Astros 2004–2005
2 Boston Red Sox 2007–2008
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 2008–2009
2 New York Yankees 2009–2010
2 Texas Rangers 2010–2011
2 Kansas City Royals 2014–2015
2 Toronto Blue Jays 2015–2016
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 2016–2017
Near streaks: Runs during which a franchise appeared in its league championship series at least 70% of the time, with gaps of no more than one year:
Length
Team
Seasons
9 of 10 Atlanta Braves 1991–1993*, 1995–1999, 2001
7 of 9 New York Yankees 1996, 1998–2001, 2003–2004
5 of 6 Baltimore Orioles 1969–1971, 1973–1974
5 of 6 Pittsburgh Pirates 1970–1972, 1974–1975
5 of 6 New York Yankees 1976–1978, 1980–1981
5 of 7 Cincinnati Reds 1970, 1972–1973, 1975–1976
5 of 7 St. Louis Cardinals 2000, 2002, 2004–2006
4 of 5 Kansas City Royals 1976–1978, 1980
4 of 5 Philadelphia Phillies 1976–1978, 1980
4 of 5 Oakland Athletics 1988–1990, 1992
4 of 5 Toronto Blue Jays 1989, 1991–1993
3 of 4 Cleveland Indians 1995, 1997–1998
3 of 4 New York Yankees 2009–2010, 2012
* Because the 1994 playoffs were cancelled, the year 1994 is not counted as either a part or an interruption of any streak.
Postseason appearance streaks[edit]
Bold indicates a current streak.
Length
Team
Seasons
14 Atlanta Braves 1991–1993*, 1995–2005
13 New York Yankees 1995–2007
5 New York Yankees 1949–1953
5 New York Yankees 1960–1964
5 Oakland Athletics 1971–1975
5 Cleveland Indians 1995–1999
5 Philadelphia Phillies 2007–2011
5 St. Louis Cardinals 2011–2015
5 Los Angeles Dodgers 2013–2017
4 New York Giants 1921–1924
4 New York Yankees 1936–1939
4 New York Yankees 1955–1958
4 Oakland Athletics 2000–2003
4 New York Yankees 2009–2012
4 Detroit Tigers 2011–2014
3 Chicago Cubs 1906–1908
3 Detroit Tigers 1907–1909
3 New York Giants 1911–1913
3 New York Yankees 1921–1923
3 New York Yankees 1926–1928
3 Philadelphia Athletics 1929–1931
3 New York Yankees 1941–1943
3 St. Louis Cardinals 1942–1944
3 Baltimore Orioles 1969–1971
3 Pittsburgh Pirates 1970–1972
3 Kansas City Royals 1976–1978
3 New York Yankees 1976–1978
3 Philadelphia Phillies 1976–1978
3 Oakland Athletics 1988–1990
3 Pittsburgh Pirates 1990–1992
3 Toronto Blue Jays 1991–1993
3 Houston Astros 1997–1999
3 St. Louis Cardinals 2000–2002
3 Minnesota Twins 2002–2004
3 Boston Red Sox 2003–2005
3 St. Louis Cardinals 2004–2006
3 Boston Red Sox 2007–2009
3 Los Angeles Angels 2007–2009
3 Texas Rangers 2010–2012
3 Oakland Athletics 2012–2014
3 Pittsburgh Pirates 2013–2015
3 Chicago Cubs 2015–2017
2 Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911
2 Philadelphia Athletics 1913–1914
2 Boston Red Sox 1915–1916
2 Washington Senators 1924–1925
2 St. Louis Cardinals 1930–1931
2 Detroit Tigers 1934–1935
2 New York Giants 1936–1937
2 Cincinnati Reds 1939–1940
2 Brooklyn Dodgers 1952–1953
2 Brooklyn Dodgers 1955–1956
2 Milwaukee Braves 1957–1958
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 1965–1966
2 St. Louis Cardinals 1967–1968
2 Minnesota Twins 1969–1970
2 Cincinnati Reds 1972–1973
2 Baltimore Orioles 1973–1974
2 Pittsburgh Pirates 1974–1975
2 Cincinnati Reds 1975–1976
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 1977–1978
2 Houston Astros 1980–1981
2 Kansas City Royals 1980–1981
2 Philadelphia Phillies 1980–1981
2 New York Yankees 1980–1981
2 Milwaukee Brewers 1981–1982
2 Kansas City Royals 1984–1985
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 1995–1996
2 Baltimore Orioles 1996–1997
2 Boston Red Sox 1998–1999
2 Texas Rangers 1998–1999
2 New York Mets 1999–2000
2 Seattle Mariners 2000–2001
2 Arizona Diamondbacks 2001–2002
2 San Francisco Giants 2002–2003
2 Anaheim/Los Angeles Angels 2004–2005
2 Houston Astros 2004–2005
2 San Diego Padres 2005–2006
2 Chicago Cubs 2007–2008
2 Los Angeles Dodgers 2008–2009
2 Minnesota Twins 2009–2010
2 Tampa Bay Rays 2010–2011
2 Atlanta Braves 2012–2013
2 Cincinnati Reds 2012–2013
2 Kansas City Royals 2014–2015
2 New York Mets 2015–2016
2 Texas Rangers 2015–2016
2 Toronto Blue Jays 2015–2016
2 Boston Red Sox 2016–2017
2 Cleveland Indians 2016–2017
2 Washington Nationals 2016–2017
Near streaks: Runs during which a franchise appeared in the postseason at least 70% of the time, with gaps of no more than one year:
Length
Team
Seasons
17 of 18 New York Yankees 1995–2007, 2009–2012
15 of 18 New York Yankees 1947, 1949–1953, 1955–1958, 1960–1964
7 of 8 New York Yankees 1936–1939, 1941–1943
6 of 7 Cleveland Indians 1995–1999, 2001
6 of 7 St. Louis Cardinals 2000–2002, 2004–2006
6 of 7 Boston Red Sox 2003–2005, 2007–2009
6 of 7 St. Louis Cardinals 2009, 2011–2015
6 of 8 Philadelphia Phillies 1976–1978, 1980–1981, 1983
6 of 8 Anaheim/Los Angeles Angels 2002, 2004–2005, 2007–2009
5 of 6 Baltimore Orioles 1969–1971, 1973–1974
5 of 6 Pittsburgh Pirates 1970–1972, 1974–1975
5 of 6 Kansas City Royals 1976–1978, 1980–1981
5 of 6 New York Yankees 1976–1978, 1980–1981
5 of 7 Cincinnati Reds 1970, 1972–1973, 1975–1976
4 of 5 Chicago Cubs 1906–1908, 1910
4 of 5 Philadelphia Athletics 1910–1911, 1913–1914
4 of 5 St. Louis Cardinals 1942–1944, 1946
4 of 5 Brooklyn Dodgers 1952–1953, 1955–1956
4 of 5 Oakland Athletics 1988–1990, 1992
4 of 5 Toronto Blue Jays 1989, 1991–1993
4 of 5 Houston Astros 1997–1999, 2001
4 of 5 Minnesota Twins 2002–2004, 2006
4 of 6 Tampa Bay Rays 2008, 2010–2011, 2013
4 of 6 Washington Nationals 2012, 2014, 2016–2017
3 of 4 Boston Red Sox 1915–1916, 1918
3 of 4 St. Louis Cardinals 1928, 1930–1931
3 of 4 Los Angeles Dodgers 1963, 1965–1966
3 of 4 Texas Rangers 1996, 1998–1999
3 of 4 Arizona Diamondbacks 1999, 2001–2002
3 of 4 San Francisco Giants 2000, 2002–2003
3 of 4 Los Angeles Dodgers 2006, 2008–2009
* Because the 1994 playoffs were cancelled, the year 1994 is not counted as either a part or an interruption of any streak.
See also[edit]
List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason droughts
List of Major League Baseball postseason series by franchise
Major League Baseball postseason teams
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British American Tobacco
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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British American Tobacco plc
Type
Public limited company
Traded as
LSE: BATS
FTSE 100 component
Industry
Tobacco
Founded
1902; 116 years ago (1902)
Headquarters
London, WC2
United Kingdom
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Richard Burrows (chairman)
Nicandro Durante (chief executive)
Products
Cigarettes
Revenue
£20.292 billion (2017)[1]
Operating income
£6.476 billion (2017)[1]
Net income
£37.704 billion (2017)[1]
Subsidiaries
Reynolds American
Imperial Tobacco Canada
Bentoel Group
Souza Cruz
Niemeyer
Tekel
Website
www.bat.com
British American Tobacco plc (B.A.T.) is a British multinational tobacco company headquartered in London, United Kingdom.[2] It is the largest publicly traded tobacco company in the world.[3]
BAT has a market-leading position in over 50 countries and operations in around 180 countries.[4][5] Its four largest-selling brands are its native brand Dunhill and US brands Lucky Strike, Kent and Pall Mall. Other brands that the company markets include Benson & Hedges and Rothmans.
BAT has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. It has a secondary listing on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, on the Nairobi Securities Exchange and the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange.
Contents
1 History
1.1 1902 to 2000
1.2 2000 to present
2 Operations
2.1 Current
2.2 Former
3 Lobbying
4 Senior management
5 Sponsorships
5.1 Motorsport
6 Controversies
6.1 Smoking bans
6.2 Nigerian lawsuit
6.3 Marketing practices
6.4 Canadian class action lawsuit
6.5 Australian lawsuit
6.6 HMRC fine for oversupply
6.7 Bribery and threats in Africa
6.8 Pakistani lobbying efforts
6.9 Tobacco marketing in unstable nations and conflict zones
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
1902 to 2000[edit]
James Buchanan Duke
The company was formed in 1902, when the United Kingdom's Imperial Tobacco Company and the United States' American Tobacco Company agreed to form a joint venture, the British-American Tobacco Company Ltd.[6] The parent companies agreed not to trade in each other's domestic territory and to assign trademarks, export businesses and overseas subsidiaries to the joint venture. James Buchanan Duke became company chairman and business was begun in countries as diverse as Canada, China, Germany, South Africa, New Zealand and Australia, but not in the United Kingdom or in the United States.[6]
In China, BAT inherited a factory in the Pudong district of Shanghai from W.D. & H.O. Wills, one of the precursor companies of Imperial Tobacco.[7] Under the management of James Augustus Thomas from Lawsonville, Rockingham County, USA, by 1919 the Shanghai factory was producing more than 243 million cigarettes per week.[8] Thomas worked closely with the local Wing Tai Vo Tobacco Company, which developed into BAT's principal Chinese partner after its success with the "Ruby Queen" cigarette brand.[9]
In 1911, the American Tobacco Company sold its share of the company. Imperial Tobacco gradually reduced its shareholding, but it was not until 1980 that it divested its remaining interests in the company.[6]
At its peak in 1937, BAT manufactured and distributed 55 billion cigarettes in China. The company's assets were seized by the Japanese in 1941 following their 1937 invasion. In 1949 the company was ejected from China following the foundation of the People's Republic.[7]
In 1976 the group companies were reorganised under a new holding company, B.A.T. Industries. In 1994 BAT acquired its former parent, American Tobacco Company (though reorganised after anti-trust proceedings). This brought the Lucky Strike and Pall Mall brands into BAT's portfolio.[10]
In 1999 it merged with Rothmans International,[11] which included a share in a factory in Burma. This made it the target of criticism from human rights groups. It sold its share of the factory on 6 November 2003 after an "exceptional request" from the British government.[12]
2000 to present[edit]
The Globe House: British American Tobacco's current headquarters
In 2002, BAT lost a lawsuit about the right to sell cigarettes under the Marlboro brand name in the UK. It had acquired Rothmans, which had previously bought a licence to use the name from Philip Morris. Philip Morris' attorneys invoked a get-out clause for the case of a major change of ownership.[13]
In 2003, BAT acquired Ente Tabacchi Italiani (ETI) S.p.A, Italy's state tobacco company. The important acquisition would elevate BAT to the number two position in Italy, the second largest tobacco market in the European Union. The scale of the enlarged operations would bring significant opportunities to compete and grow ETI's local brands and BAT's international brands.[14]
In August 2003, BAT acquired a 67.8% holding in the Serbian tobacco company Duvanska Industrija Vranje (DIV), allowing local manufacture of its brands, freeing them from import duties. In the longer term, export opportunities are planned as neighbouring countries in south east Europe developed free trade agreements.[15]
In July 2004 the U.S. business of British American Tobacco (Brown & Williamson) was combined with that of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (R. J. Reynolds), under the R. J. Reynolds name. R. J. Reynolds and Brown & Williamson were the second and third-ranking U.S. tobacco companies prior to the combination. When they combined, R. J. Reynolds became a subsidiary of Reynolds American, with BAT holding a 42% share. In January 2007, BAT closed its remaining UK production plant in Southampton with the loss of over 600 jobs. However, the global Research and Development operation and some financial functions will continue on the site.[16]
Then in 2008 BAT acquired Turkey's state-owned cigarette maker Tekel.[17]
In July 2008, BAT acquired the cigarette and snus operations of the Scandinavian Tobacco Group.[18]
BAT acquired 60% of Indonesia's Bentoel Group in 2009[19] before increasing its stake to 100% the following year.[20]
In May 2011 BAT acquired the Colombian company Productora Tabacalera de Tabacos S.A. (Protabaco).[21]
In October 2015 BAT acquired the Croatian tobacco company TDR d.o.o. Brands and Factory in Kanfanar
In October 2016, BAT offered to buy the remaining 57.8 percent of U.S. cigarette maker Reynolds American in a $47 billion takeover that would create the world's biggest listed tobacco company with brands including Newport, Lucky Strike and Pall Mall.[22] In January 2017, Reynolds agreed to an increased $49.4 billion deal.[23] The deal was completed in July 2017.[24]
In April 2017, the company announced the acquisition of a number of Bulgarian cigarette brands from Bulgartabac for more than €100 million.[25]
Operations[edit]
The company offers an extensive range of brands:[26]
Current[edit]
One of British American Tobacco's most popular products "Lucky Strike"
International Brands include Dunhill, Kent, North State Lucky Strike, Pall Mall, Vogue, Rothmans International, Winfield, State Express 555, KOOL, and Viceroy. British American Tobacco does not necessarily own the rights to all of these brands in every nation they are marketed.
Local brands owned by British American Tobacco include: Benson & Hedges (Bangladesh), John Players Gold Leaf (Bangladesh), State Express 555 (Bangladesh), Belmont (Colombia, Chile, Nicaragua and Venezuela), Jockey Club (Argentina), Stradbroke (Australia), Hollywood, Derby, Free, Minister and Plaza (Brazil), du Maurier (Canada), Prince (Denmark), North State (Finland), HB (Germany), Sopianae (Hungary), Wills (India), Ardath, Bentoel, and Country (Indonesia), Carrolls, Carrolls Kings, Grand Parade, Black Allen (Germany), Sweet Afton, Major (Ireland), Boots, Alas (Mexico), Gold Leaf (Bangladesh, Pakistan), Jan III Sobieski (Poland), Yava Gold (Russia), Courtleigh, Peter Styvesant (South Africa), Benson & Hedges, Dunhill, Kent, Pall Mall, Perilly's, Peter Stuyvesant, and Rothmans (Malaysia), Parisienne (Switzerland), Maltepe (Turkey) and Xon (Uzbekistan), Craven A (Vietnam and Jamaica) as well as BAT snus, Holiday, Freedom and Park Drive (New Zealand) Royals (UK), Embassy (Kenya), Viceroy, Newport, Lucky Strike in Dominican Republic and Delta in El Salvador.
On 11 June 2006, R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company announced that it would manufacture Camel brand snus in Sweden in partnership with British American Tobacco; the product would be test-marketed in Portland, Oregon and Austin, Texas by the end of the month.[27]
The Bentoel Group products include Bentoel Biru, Bentoel Mild, Bentoel Sejati, Star Mild, X Mild, 1 Indonesia Masyarakat Dahulukan Pencapaian Dahulukan (taking the principle of 1Malaysia) (neO Mild, unO Mild, and One Mild), Club Mild, Dunhill Fine Cut Mild, Bintang Buana, Tali Jagat, Pr1nsip, Joged, Rawit, Ardath, Benson & Hedges, and Country.
The Gelora Djaja products include Wismilak Spesial, Wismilak Slim, Wismilak Diplomat, Galan Slim, Galan Mild, and MilDay.
Former[edit]
BAT has diversified into various fields at different times in its history. Its U.S. retail division, BATUS Retail Group, acquired Gimbels, Kohl's, and Saks Fifth Avenue in the 1970s and Marshall Field's and its divisions in 1982. It purchased the United Kingdom retail chain Argos in 1979. The company sold Kohl's grocery stores to A&P in 1983. In 1986, BATUS sold the Kohl's department stores and two Marshall Field's divisions, The Crescent and Frederick & Nelson; BATUS closed Gimbels the same year, with many locations being absorbed by sister division Marshall Field's, as well as Allied Stores' Stern's and Pomeroy's divisions. In 1990, Dayton Hudson Corporation (now Target Corporation) purchased Marshall Field's, Dillard's purchased Ivey's (another Marshall Field's division), Investcorp S.A. purchased Saks Fifth Avenue, and Argos was demerged (Argos was acquired by previous parent company GUS plc in 1998).
The group was a major financial services company with the acquisitions of Eagle Star (1984), Allied Dunbar (1985) and the Farmers Group, Inc. (1988).[28] ArounHistory of the company/bank and archive description for Eagle Star Holdings Plcd 1996 British American Tobacco merged its financial operations into a single operating unit, British American Financial Services (BAFS). This division merged with Zurich Insurance Company in 1998 to form the Zurich Financial Services Group.[29] B.A.T still owns the minority interest in Zurich.
Lobbying[edit]
The company engages 3rd party lobbyists in various jurisdictions where it holds business interest. For example, in South Australia the company engages Wells Haslem Mayhew Strategic Public Affairs.[30]
Senior management[edit]
Nicandro Durante became the chief executive in March 2011.[31]
Sponsorships[edit]
BAT have found many imaginative ways over the years to keep its brands in the public eye. ITC Limited, in which BAT holds a minority share, as recently as 1996 secured an arrangement to sponsor the Cricket World Cup which was branded the "Wills World Cup" and thereby achieved a high level of brand recognition for the Wills cigarette brand in India where young cricket fans were a key target market.[32]
BAT also sponsor the London Symphony Orchestra.[33]
Motorsport[edit]
Jacques Villeneuve driving for BAR at the 1999 Canadian Grand Prix.
In 1997 BAT brought its participation in the sport to new levels with the purchase of the Tyrrell team for approximately £30 million. The team raced as Tyrrell for the 1998 season before being renamed as British American Racing (BAR).[34]
In 2005 a European Union (EU) directive was brought into force which required national governments to legislate to prevent tobacco sponsorship.[35]
In 2004 BAR announced that technology partner Honda had purchased a 45% stake and in September 2005 it announced that Honda would be buying the remaining 55% stake. The team raced as Honda Racing F1 Team in 2006, the last year of the Lucky Strike sponsorship before leaving the sport. For the 2006 season, the team was renamed as Honda F1 Racing Team, with BAT only advertised at a couple of races. All links between the two companies were severed for 2007.[36]
Controversies[edit]
Smoking bans[edit]
Industry documents from the 1970s to the late 1990s shows that tobacco companies were seriously concerned about fatwas against smoking by Muslim jurists in Muslim majority countries.[37] In 1996, an internal document from British American Tobacco warned that, because of the spread of “extremist views” from fundamentalists in countries such as Afghanistan, the industry would have to “prepare to fight a hurricane”.[37]
Nigerian lawsuit[edit]
The Nigerian federal government filed a lawsuit against BAT and two other tobacco companies in 2007. Nigeria is seeking $42.4 billion, $34.4 billion of which the government seeks in anticipation of the future cost of treating Nigerians for tobacco-related illnesses. It is also seeking $1.04 billion as a fine for the companies' advertising and marketing campaign allegedly targeting Nigerian youth, and has asked the companies to fund an awareness campaign to educate young people about the dangers of their product. Several Nigerian state governments have filed similar petitions.[38]
Marketing practices[edit]
In 2008 the company was the subject of a BBC Two documentary, in which Duncan Bannatyne investigated the marketing practices of the company in Africa and specifically the way the company targets younger Africans with branded music events, competitions and the sale of single cigarette sticks. Many of the practices uncovered by Bannatyne appeared to break BAT's own code of conduct and company standards. Towards the end of the programme, Bannatyne interviewed Dr Chris Proctor, Head of Science and Regulation, in which Proctor admitted that advertisements targeting children from three African countries were 'disappointing'.[39] In many of these undeveloped countries, the awareness of health risks from smoking is very low or nonexistent.[40]
In September 2001, BAT invested $7.1m in North Korean state-owned enterprise called the Korea Sogyong Trading Corporation, which employs 200 people in Pyongyang to produce up to two billion cigarettes a year. The operation is run by BAT's Singapore Division. Brands of cigarettes produced are Kumgansan, Craven A and Viceroy. BAT claims that the cigarettes are produced only for consumption in North Korea, although there are allegations that the cigarettes are smuggled for sale overseas.[41]
British American Tobacco was declared the winner of the 2008 Roger Award, the award for the worst transnational corporation operating in New Zealand.[42]
British American Tobacco spent more than €700,000 lobbying the EU in 2008, up to four times as much as the company declared on the EU's register of interest representatives, according to a report by Corporate Europe Observatory. The report argues that BAT's hidden lobbying activities, which are clearly not in the public interest, should be exposed to public scrutiny.[43]
Canadian class action lawsuit[edit]
The three largest Canadian tobacco companies, Imperial Tobacco Canada (a division of British American Tobacco), JTI-Macdonald Corp and Rothmans Benson & Hedges, were the subject of the largest class action lawsuit in Canadian history. The case started on 12 March 2012 in Quebec Superior Court, and the companies face a potential payout of C$27 billion (US $21.6 billion) in damages and penalties. In addition, a number of Canadian provinces are teaming to sue tobacco companies to recover healthcare costs caused by smoking.[44]
On 1 June 2015, Quebec Superior Court Justice Brian Riordan has awarded more than $15 billion to Quebec smokers in a landmark case that pitted them against three Canadian cigarette giants, including JTI-Macdonald Corp.[45][46]
Australian lawsuit[edit]
In 2012 British American Tobacco, along with Philip Morris and Imperial Tobacco, sued the Australian Commonwealth government. At the High Court, they argued that the Commonwealth's plain packaging legislation was unconstitutional because it usurped the companies' intellectual property rights and good will on other than just terms. However, the challenge was unsuccessful.[47]
HMRC fine for oversupply[edit]
In November 2014, Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs (HMRC) fined BAT £650,000 after it determined that the company glutted the Belgian market with tobacco products with the likelihood these products would illegally find themselves back into the UK, with UK excise taxes not paid. The event highlighted a tobacco-smuggling issue that many anti-tobacco activists have been attempting to bring to light for years. Following several investigations, the HMRC reportedly seized more than 1.4 billion cigarettes and 330 tons of hand rolling tobacco in 2013-2014. BAT denied all claims and described the allegation and fine as “unjustified”[48]
Bribery and threats in Africa[edit]
In late November 2015, an episode of BBC’s Panorama program alleged that BAT was bribing officials in Rwanda, Burundi and Kenya in exchange for their limiting the implementation of the WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in their respective countries. The episode showed documents provided by whistleblower Paul Hopkins, who worked for BAT in Kenya for 13 years. BAT denied the claims.[49]
In 2017, it was reported that BAT and other tobacco companies used a mixture of threats and bullying behaviour to stop or lessen the implementation of anti-smoking legislation in at least eight African countries.[50] One document showed that in Uganda BAT stated that the Tobacco Control Act flew in the face of the country's constitution. Another document showed that lawyers acting on behalf of BAT requested that the high court in Kenya "quash in its entirety" anti-smoking legislation.[50]
The Serious Fraud Office opened a ‘formal investigation’ in August 2017 based on the dossier of evidence supplied by former employee and whistleblower Paul Hopkins. The formal investigation is based on claims by Hopkins that BAT had paid bribes to government officials in Kenya, Burundi, Rwanda and Comoros to undermine tobacco control regulations in the African market which is the only market showing growth. BAT responded by classifying Hopkins as “a rogue former employee”. BAT Chief Executive Nico Durante said BAT operated in 200 countries and he could not give a 100% guarantee that everything was being done by the book.[51][52]
Pakistani lobbying efforts[edit]
In April 2015, medical experts and anti-tobacco campaigners accused Philip Barton, the British High Commissioner to Pakistan, of lobbying for BAT interests. The group released photos showing Barton attending a meeting on 13 March in Islamabad, where BAT executives attempted to convince the Pakistani Finance and Health Minister to veto plans requiring large health warnings on cigarette packets.[53] This activity was deemed contrary to Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) policy. It followed an earlier incident when the British Ambassador to Panama was reprimanded for similar activity on BAT’s behalf.[54]
Tobacco marketing in unstable nations and conflict zones[edit]
In August 2017, former employee and whistleblower Paul Hopkins released internal documents to The Guardian, a British newspaper, claiming British American Tobacco actively made efforts to market and sell its products in unstable, deeply impoverished nations and conflict zones, including Somalia, South Sudan, Syria and Iraq. Leaked PowerPoint presentations from 2011 included details of strategies to continue selling black-market cigarettes "in black paper bags" in parts of Somalia controlled by the fundamentalist Islamic militant group Al-Shabaab, plans to develop "a consumer relevant brand portfolio" and "sustainable... volume growth" in South Sudan just two days before the nation gained independence, and the active marketing and growth of the Kent cigarette brand in Iraq and Syria, despite "volatile markets" in the middle of the Iraq War and Syrian Civil War, respectively.[55]
See also[edit]
Companies portal
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "British American Tobacco p.l.c. Preliminary Announcement" (PDF). British American Tobacco. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Contact us". British American Tobacco p.l.c. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "BAT in £1.25 billion share buyback as earnings rise". Reuters. 23 February 2012. Retrieved 4 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Who we are". British American Tobacco. Retrieved 9 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Leroux, Marcus (27 February 2009). "British American Tobacco profit boosted by weak pound". The Times. UK. Retrieved 29 August 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c "British American Tobacco: The Early Years 1902–1932". British American Tobacco. 29 September 1902. Archived from the original on 9 February 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Cox, Howard (2009). "British American Tobacco Company". In Linsun CHENG. Berkshire Encyclopedia of China. Berkshire Publishing Group. pp. 208–209. ISBN 978-0977015948.
Jump up ^ Tinari, Philip (1 August 2005). "China Trade: The Art and Commerce of Tobacco". Duke Magazine. Duke University. 91 (4): 1–3. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Cox, Howard (1997). "China: the Evolution of BAT's Cigarette Distribution Network, 1902-41" (PDF). Business History. 39 (3): 30–64. doi:10.1080/00076799700000098.
Jump up ^ Collins, Glenn (5 December 1994). "BAT in Court to defend American Tobacco deal". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Rothmans acquisition backed by BAT unit". New York Times. 9 April 1999. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Tobacco Giant withdraws from Burma". Commondreams.org. 7 November 2003. Archived from the original on 2 July 2010. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ Litterick, David. BAT loses Marlboro licence. July 1, 2005. In: The Daily Telegraph
Jump up ^ "BAT intends to acquire Italian tobacco firm". The Daily Telegraph. 1 January 2015. Archived from the original on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "BAT and Philip Morris light up in Serbia". The Grocer. 5 August 2003. Retrieved 19 March 2016. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "BAT closing two UK and Ireland factories". Forbes. 13 July 2005. Archived from the original on 15 January 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "BAT buys Turkish cigarette firm". BBC News. 2008-02-22. Retrieved 2010-02-10.
Jump up ^ "Tobaksmilliarder skal på arbejde" [Tobacco company ready for growth after sale]. Jyllands-Posten (in Danish). 2 July 2008. Retrieved 2017-08-12.
Jump up ^ "British American Tobacco acquires control of Indonesia's Bentoel" (Press release). British American Tobacco. 17 June 2009. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "BAT buys Bentoel to challenge Big Three market domination". The Jakarta Post. 18 June 2009. Retrieved 24 March 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Guevarra, Vladimir (26 May 2011). "BAT Buys Colombia's Protabaco". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 25 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Craver, Richard (21 October 2016). "British American Tobacco moves to buy all of Reynolds American in $47B deal". Winston-Salem Journal. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
Jump up ^ "British American Tobacco Agrees to Pay $49 Billion to Take Full Control of Reynolds American". The Wall Street Journal. January 17, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Craver, Richard (July 25, 2017). "Reynolds American now entirely owned by British American Tobacco". Winston-Salem Journal. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "BAT buys cigarette brands from Bulgaria's Bulgartabac". Reuters. 12 April 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Our brands". British American Tobacco. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Whitmire, Tim (11 June 2005). "Reynolds Makes Big Move Into Smokeless Tobacco". The Salem News. Associated Press. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "History of the company/bank and archive description for Eagle Star Holdings Plc". Euroarchiveguide.org. 15 September 1904. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Zurich to pay BAT $18.6bn for finance units". Los Angeles Times. 17 October 1997. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "South Australian Register of Lobbyists - Wells Haslem Mayhew Strategic Public Affairs" (PDF). 2018-05-03.
Jump up ^ "Nicandro Durante, Chief Executive". British American Tobacco. Retrieved 26 November 2011.
Jump up ^ "Scorecard: Wills World Cup". Cricketweb.net. 27 February 1996. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "London Symphony Orchestra - Thank You". London Symphony Orchestra. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Constructors: BAR". Grandprix.com. 10 March 2007. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Tobacco advertising ban takes effect on 31 July" (Press release). European Commission. 27 July 2005. Archived from the original on 24 January 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "BAT exits Formula 1 tobacco sponsorship". Autoracingsport.com. 19 October 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Boseley, Sarah (20 April 2015). "How tobacco firms tried to undermine Muslim countries' smoking ban". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Govt hits tobacco companies with whopping law suit". IRIN. 9 November 2007. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Bannatyne takes on Big Tobacco". BBC News. 27 June 2008. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ Stebbins, Kenyon Rainier (June 2001). "Going like Gangbusters: Transnational Tobacco Companies "Making a Killing" in South America". Medical Anthropology Quarterly. 15 (2): 147–170. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Ian Cobain and David Leigh (17 October 2005). "Tobacco firm has secret North Korea plant". Guardian. UK. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Roger Awards: British American Tobacco NZ Ltd Wins" (Press release). Campaign Against Foreign Control of Aotearoa. 3 March 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "Obscured by the smoke". Corporate Europe Observatory. 2 June 2009. Retrieved 24 March 2012.
Jump up ^ "C$27 billion suit vs Big Tobacco starts in Montreal". Reuters. 13 March 2012. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Judge awards $15 billion to Quebec smokers". CTV News. 1 June 2015. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Tobacco companies ordered to pay $15B in damages". CBC News. 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ JT International SA v Commonwealth of Australia; British American Tobacco Australasia Limited v The Commonwealth [2012] HCA 43 (5 October 2012) AustLII
Jump up ^ Doward, Jamie (15 November 2014). "BAT fined for oversupplying tobacco in low-tax European jurisdictions". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Boseley, Sarah (30 November 2015). "British American Tobacco accused of bribing government officials". The Guardian. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Boseley, Sarah (12 July 2017). "Threats, bullying, lawsuits: tobacco industry's dirty war for the African market". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Subscribe to read". Financial Times. Retrieved 2017-08-06.
Jump up ^ Boseley, Sarah; Kollewe, Julia (1 August 2017). "Serious Fraud Office opens investigation into BAT bribery claims". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-08-06. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "BAT team asks govt to withdraw decision". The Nation. 20 March 2015. Retrieved 2017-08-12.
Jump up ^ "UK diplomat accused of tobacco lobbying". Financial Times. 15 March 2012. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ Boseley, Sarah (2017-08-18). "Revealed: how British American Tobacco exploited war zones to sell cigarettes". the Guardian. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to British American Tobacco.
Official website
Imperial Tobacco Canada (indirect subsidiary)
Yahoo! – British American Tobacco plc Company Profile
British American Tobacco plc historical stock chart
BAT 'dragged out' of Burma; The Guardian; 7 November 2003
George Monbiot, The Guardian, 23 August 2005, "Smoke and mirrors"
World Health Organisation: WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2008
Documents and clippings about British American Tobacco in the 20th Century Press Archives of the German National Library of Economics (ZBW)
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