text:
List of Presidents of the Philippines
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For colonial chief executives of the Philippines prior to the ratification of the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines, see Governor-General of the Philippines.
Malacañang Palace in Manila is the official residence of the President.[note 1] Built in 1750, it has become a prominent symbol of and metonym for the office.
Philippines
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
the Philippines
Constitution[show]
Charter Change
Laws and legal codes
Legislature[show]
Congress
Senate
Senate President Vicente Sotto III
House of Representatives
Speaker Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Districts
Party-list representation
Local legislatures
ARMM Regional Legislative Assembly
Provinces
Cities
Municipalities
Barangays
Executive[show]
President of the Philippines
Rodrigo Duterte
Vice President of the Philippines
Leni Robredo
Cabinet
Executive departments
Local government
Judiciary[show]
Supreme Court
Acting Chief Justice Antonio Carpio
Court of Appeals
Court of Tax Appeals
Sandiganbayan
Ombudsman
Regional Trial Courts
Barangay justice
Constitutional commissions[show]
Civil Service Commission
Commission on Elections
Commission on Audit
Commission on Human Rights
Elections[show]
Recent elections
General: 2010
2013
2016
2019
Political parties[show]
Lakas
LDP
Liberal
Nacionalista
NPC
NUP
PDP–Laban
PMP
UNA
Administrative divisions[show]
Capital
Regions
Provinces
Cities
Municipalities
Barangays
Poblacions
Sitios
Puroks
Related topics[show]
Foreign relations
Human rights
Taxation
Other countries
Atlas
v
t
e
Under the present Constitution of the Philippines, the President of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangulo ng Pilipinas) is both the head of state and the head of government, and serves as the commander-in-chief of the country's armed forces.[4] The President is directly elected by qualified voters of the population to a six-year term and must be "a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter, able to read and write, at least forty years of age on the day of the election, and a resident of the Philippines for at least ten years immediately preceding such election". Any person who has served as president for more than four years is barred from running for the position again. Upon an incumbent president's death, permanent disability, resignation, or removal from office, the Vice President assumes the post.[5]
Sixteen people have been sworn into office as president. Following the ratification of the Malolos Constitution in 1899, Emilio Aguinaldo became the inaugural president of the Malolos Republic, considered the First Philippine Republic.[6][note 2] He held that office until 1901 when he was captured by United States forces during the Philippine–American War (1899–1902).[4] The American colonization of the Philippines abolished the First Republic,[7] which led an American governor-general to exercise executive power.[8]
In 1935, the United States, pursuant to its promise of full Philippine sovereignty,[9] established the Commonwealth of the Philippines following the ratification of the 1935 Constitution, which also restored the presidency. The first national presidential election was held,[note 3] and Manuel L. Quezon (1935–44) was elected to a six-year term, with no provision for re-election,[12] as the second Philippine president and the first Commonwealth president.[note 2] In 1940, however, the Constitution was amended to allow re-election but shortened the term to four years.[4] A change in government occurred three years later when the Second Philippine Republic was organized with the enactment of the 1943 Constitution, which Japan imposed after it occupied the Philippines in 1942 during World War II.[13] José P. Laurel acted as puppet president of the new Japanese-sponsored government;[14] his de facto presidency,[15] not legally recognized until the 1960s,[16] overlapped with that of the president of the Commonwealth, which went into exile. The Second Republic was dissolved after Japan surrendered to the Allies in 1945; the Commonwealth was restored in the Philippines in the same year with Sergio Osmeña (1944–46) as president.[4]
Manuel Roxas (1946–1948) followed Picar when he won the first post-war election in 1946. He became the first president of the independent Philippines when the Commonwealth ended on July 4 of that year. The Third Republic was ushered in and would cover the administrations of the next five presidents, the last of which was Ferdinand Marcos (1965–86),[4] who performed a self-coup by imposing martial law in 1972.[17] The dictatorship saw the birth of Marcos' New Society and the Fourth Republic. His tenure lasted until 1986 when he was deposed in the People Power Revolution. The current constitution came into effect in 1987, marking the beginning of the Fifth Republic.[4]
Of the individuals elected as president, three died in office: two of natural causes (Manuel L. Quezon[18] and Manuel Roxas[19]) and one in a plane crash (Ramon Magsaysay, 1953–57[20]). The longest-serving president is Ferdinand Marcos with 20 years and 57 days in office; he is the only president to have served more than two terms. The shortest is Sergio Osmeña who spent 1 year and 300 days in office.
Two women have held the office: Corazon Aquino (1986–92), who ascended to the presidency upon the successful People Power Revolution of 1986, and Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001–10), who, as Vice President, ascended to the presidency upon Estrada's resignation and was elected to a full six-year term in 2004.
Contents
1 Presidents
1.1 Prior to the First Republic
1.2 1899–1901: First Republic (Malolos Republic)
1.3 1935–46: Commonwealth
1.4 1943–45: Second Republic
1.5 1946–72: Third Republic
1.6 1972–87: Martial law and the Fourth Republic
1.7 1987–present: Fifth Republic
2 Timeline
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
5.1 Works cited
6 External links
Presidents[edit]
The colors indicate the political party affiliation of each individual.
Key
Party
English name
Abbreviation
Kapisanan ng Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas Association for Service to the New Philippines KALIBAPI
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan New Society Movement KBL
Laban ng Makabayang Masang Pilipino Struggle of the Patriotic Filipino Masses LAMMP
Lakas ng Tao–Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino–Christian Muslim Democrats People Power–Partner of the Free Filipino–Christian Muslim Democrats Lakas–Kampi–CMD
Lakas ng Tao–National Union of Christian Democrats People Power–National Union of Christian Democrats Lakas–NUCD
Liberal Party Liberal
Nacionalista Party Nationalist Party Nacionalista
Partido Demokratiko Pilipino–Lakas ng Bayan Philippine Democratic Party–People's Power PDP–Laban
United Nationalist Democratic Organization UNIDO
Non-partisan N/A
Prior to the First Republic[edit]
The Spaniards unified the Philippines as the Captaincy-General of the Philippines.The Spanish monarchy is represented by the Governor-General from 1565 to 1899. Spain ceded the all of its remaining possessions, including the Philippines, save for Cuba at the end of the Spanish-American War via the Treaty of Paris.
1899–1901: First Republic (Malolos Republic)[edit]
The First Philippine Republic was inaugurated on January 23, 1899 at Malolos, and ended on March 23, 1901 when President Emilio F. Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans at Palanan.
President of the First Philippine Republic (Malolos Republic)[21]
No.
overall
[note 2]
No.
in era
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
Prior office
Took office
Left office
Party
Term
[note 4]
Vice President
Refs.
1 1
Emilio Aguinaldo
1869–1964
(Lived: 94 years)
President of the Revolutionary Government
January 23, 1899 March 23, 1901
[note 5]
[note 6] Non-partisan (1899)
1
(1899) None
[note 7] [10]
[11]
The Americans had already begun controlling areas not controlled by the First Republic after the Spanish cession. The President of the United States is represented first by military governors, then by civilian Governors-General up to 1935.
1935–46: Commonwealth[edit]
The Commonwealth was inaugurated on November 15, 1935 at Manila, and ended upon independence on July 4, 1946.
Presidents of the Philippine Commonwealth[21]
No.
overall
[note 2]
No.
in era
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
Prior office
Took office
Left office
Party
Term
[note 4]
Vice President
Refs.
2 1
Manuel L. Quezon
1878–1944
(Lived: 65 years)
1st President of the Senate of the Philippines
November 15, 1935
[note 8] August 1, 1944
[note 9]
[note 10] Nacionalista (1935)
2
(1935) Sergio Osmeña [30]
[31]
[32]
[12]
(1941)
3
(1941)
(1944)
4
[note 11] 2
Sergio Osmeña Sr.
1878–1961
(Lived: 83 years)
1st Vice President of the Philippines
August 1, 1944 May 28, 1946
[note 12]
[note 13] Nacionalista Vacant
[note 14] [33]
[34]
[12]
5 3
Manuel A. Roxas
1892–1948
(Lived: 56 years)
2nd President of the Senate of the Philippines
May 28, 1946 July 4, 1946
Liberal
[note 15] (1946)
5
(1946)
[note 11] Elpidio Quirino
May 28, 1946 –
July 4, 1946 [37]
[38]
[35]
1943–45: Second Republic[edit]
The Second Republic was inaugurated on October 14, 1943 in Manila, and ended when President Jose P. Laurel dissolved the republic on August 17, 1945, in Tokyo.
President of the Second Philippine Republic[21]
No.
overall
[note 2]
No.
in era
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
Prior office
Took office
Left office
Party
Term
[note 4]
Vice President
Refs.
3 1
José P. Laurel
1891–1959
(Lived: 68 years)
Commissioner of the Interior
October 14, 1943
[note 16] August 17, 1945
[note 17]
[note 6] KALIBAPI
[note 18] (1943)
4
(1943) None
[note 19] [43]
[46]
1946–72: Third Republic[edit]
The Third Republic started when independence was granted by the Americans on July 4, 1946, and ended upon the imposition of martial law by President Ferdinand E. Marcos on September 21, 1972.
Presidents of the Third Philippine Republic[21][note 20]
No.
overall
[note 2]
No.
in era
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
Prior office
Took office
Left office
Party
Term
[note 4]
Vice President
Refs.
5 1
Manuel A. Roxas
1892–1948
(Lived: 56 years)
2nd President of the Senate of the Philippines
July 4, 1946 April 15, 1948
[note 21] Liberal
[note 15] (1946)
5
(1946)
(1948) Elpidio Quirino
July 4, 1946 –
April 17, 1948 [37]
[38]
[35]
Vacant
April 15–17, 1948 [48]
6 2
Elpidio Quirino
1890–1956
(Lived: 65 years)
2nd Vice President of the Philippines
April 17, 1948 December 30, 1953
[note 12] Liberal
[note 22] Vacant
[note 14]
April 17, 1948 –
December 30, 1949 [50]
[51]
[35]
[49]
(1949)
6
(1949) Fernando Lopez
December 30, 1949 –
December 30, 1953
7 3
Ramon Magsaysay
1907–1957
(Lived: 49 years)
Secretary of National Defense
December 30, 1953 March 17, 1957
[note 23] Nacionalista (1953)
7
(1953)
(1957) Carlos P. Garcia [53]
[54]
[55]
8 4
Carlos P. Garcia
1896–1971
(Lived: 74 years)
4th Vice President of the Philippines
March 18, 1957 December 30, 1961
[note 12] Nacionalista Vacant
[note 14]
March 18 –
December 30, 1957 [56]
[57]
[55]
[58]
(1957)
8
(1957) Diosdado Macapagal
December 30, 1957 –
December 30, 1961
9 5
Diosdado Macapagal
1910–1997
(Lived: 86 years)
5th Vice President of the Philippines
December 30, 1961 December 30, 1965
[note 12] Liberal (1961)
9
(1961) Emmanuel Pelaez [59]
[60]
[61]
10 6
Ferdinand E. Marcos
1917–1989
(Lived: 72 years)
11th President of the Senate of the Philippines
December 30, 1965 February 25, 1986
[note 12]
[note 24] Nacionalista (1965)
10
(1965) Fernando Lopez
December 30, 1965 –
September 23, 1972
[note 25] [67]
[68]
[69]
[70]
[26]
(1969)
11
[note 26]
[note 27]
(1969)
None
[note 28]
September 23, 1972 –
February 25, 1986
KBL (1981)
12
[note 29]
(1981)
1972–87: Martial law and the Fourth Republic[edit]
President Ferdinand E. Marcos ruled by decree when he declared martial law on September 21, 1972. He inaugurated the "New Society" after a new constitution was ratified on January 17, 1973. He declared the Fourth Republic on January 17, 1981, after martial law was lifted.
Presidents of the Fourth Philippine Republic[21][note 30]
No.
overall
[note 2]
No.
in era
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
Prior office
Took office
Left office
Party
Term
[note 4]
Vice President
Refs.
10 1
Ferdinand E. Marcos
1917–1989
(Lived: 72 years)
11th President of the Senate of the Philippines
December 30, 1965 February 25, 1986
[note 12]
[note 24] Nacionalista (1965)
10
(1965) Fernando Lopez
December 30, 1965 –
September 23, 1972
[note 25] [67]
[68]
[69]
[70]
[26]
(1969)
11
[note 26]
[note 27]
(1969)
None
[note 28]
September 23, 1972 –
February 25, 1986
KBL (1981)
12
[note 29]
(1981)
11 2
Corazon C. Aquino
1933–2009
(Lived: 76 years)
(No prior elected office)
February 25, 1986
[note 31] June 30, 1992 UNIDO (1986)
13
(1986) Salvador H. Laurel [73]
[74]
[66]
1987–present: Fifth Republic[edit]
President Corazon Aquino inaugurated the Fifth Republic after the present constitution was ratified. The plebiscite happened on February 2, 1987.
Presidents of the Fifth Philippine Republic[21][note 32]
No.
overall
[note 2]
No.
in era
Portrait
Name
(Birth–Death)
Prior office
Took office
Left office
Party
Term
[note 4]
Vice President
Refs.
11 1
Corazon C. Aquino
1933–2009
(Lived: 76 years)
(No prior elected office)
February 25, 1986
[note 31] June 30, 1992 UNIDO (1986)
13
(1986) Salvador H. Laurel [73]
[74]
[66]
12 2
Fidel V. Ramos
Born 1928
(90 years old)
Secretary of National Defense
June 30, 1992 June 30, 1998 Lakas–NUCD (1992)
14
(1992) Joseph Ejercito Estrada [76]
[77]
[78]
13 3
Joseph Ejercito Estrada
Born 1937
(81 years old)
9th Vice President of the Philippines
June 30, 1998 January 20, 2001
[note 33]
[note 6] LAMMP (1998)
15
(1998)
(2001) Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo [80]
[81]
[82]
14 4
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Born 1947
(71 years old)
10th Vice President of the Philippines
January 20, 2001 June 30, 2010 Lakas–NUCD–UMDP
Lakas–CMD Vacant
[note 14]
January 20 –
February 7, 2001 [83]
[84]
[82]
[85]
Teofisto Guingona Jr.
February 7, 2001 –
June 30, 2004
Lakas–CMD
Lakas Kampi CMD (2004)
16
(2004) Noli L. de Castro
[note 34]
June 30, 2004 –
June 30, 2010
15 5
Benigno S. Aquino III
Born 1960
(58 years old)
Senator of the Philippines
June 30, 2010 June 30, 2016 Liberal (2010)
17
(2010) Jejomar C. Binay [86]
[87]
[88]
16 6
Rodrigo Duterte
Born 1945
(73 years old)
Mayor of Davao City
June 30, 2016 Incumbent PDP–Laban (2016)
18
(2016) Maria Leonor G. Robredo [89]
Timeline[edit]
See also: List of Presidents of the Philippines by time in office
See also[edit]
Philippines portal
President of the Philippines
List of unofficial Presidents of the Philippines
First Lady or First Gentleman of the Philippines
Vice President of the Philippines
List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines
Prime Minister of the Philippines
Constitution of the Philippines
Timeline of Philippine history
List of current heads of state and government
Heads of state and government of the Philippines
List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines
List of recorded datu in the Philippines
Governor-General of the Philippines
Filipino styles and honorifics
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ The President has three official residences, with the Malacañang Palace Complex as the principal abode and workplace.[1] The other two are Mansion House in Baguio, the official summer residence,[2] and Malacañang sa Sugbo (Malacañang of Cebu), the official residence in Cebu.[3]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h In chronological order, the presidents started with Manuel Luis M. Quezon,[22] who was then succeeded by Sergio Osmeña as the second president,[23] until the recognition of Emilio Aguinaldo[24] and José P. Laurel's[16] presidencies in the 1960s.[subnote 1][subnote 2] With Aguinaldo as the first president and Laurel as the third, Quezon and Osmeña are thus listed as the second and the fourth, respectively.[4][21]
Jump up ^ Emilio Aguinaldo, the official first president, was elected by the Malolos Congress and not by popular vote.[10][11]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f For the purposes of numbering, a presidency is defined as an uninterrupted period of time in office served by one person. For example, Manuel Luis M. Quezon was elected in two consecutive terms and is counted as the second president (not the second and third).[subnote 3] Upon the death of fifth president, Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino became the sixth president even though he simply served out the remainder of Roxas' term and was not elected to the presidency in his own right.
Jump up ^ Term ended when Aguinaldo was captured by US forces in Palanan, Isabela, during the Philippine–American War.[4][subnote 4]
^ Jump up to: a b c Later sought election or re-election to a non-consecutive term.[subnote 5]
Jump up ^ The Malolos Constitution did not provide for a vice president.[29]
Jump up ^ Term began with the formal establishment of the Philippine Commonwealth.[9][subnote 3]
Jump up ^ Died, in office, of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.[18]
Jump up ^ Term was originally until November 15, 1943, due to constitutional limitations as provided by the 1940 amendment of the 1935 Constitution, which shortened the terms of the president and the vice president from six to four years but allowed re-election.[subnote 5] Quezon was not intended to serve the full four years of the second term he won in the 1941 election because a ten-year presidency would have been considered excessive. In 1943, however, due to World War II, he and Vice President Sergio Osmeña, who was also re-elected, had to take an emergency oath of office, extending their tenure.[4][12]
^ Jump up to: a b See § 1943–45: Second Republic.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Unseated (lost re-election).[subnote 5]
Jump up ^ Sought an election for a full term, but was unsuccessful.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Prior to the ratification of the 1987 Constitution, there was no mechanism by which a vacancy in the vice presidency could be filled.[5][28] Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was the first president to fill such a vacancy under the provisions of the Constitution when she appointe Teofisto Guingona Jr.
^ Jump up to: a b The Liberal Party was not yet a party in itself at the time, but only a wing of the Nacionalista Party.[35] It split and became a separate party by 1947.[36]
Jump up ^ Term began with the establishment of Japan's puppet Second Republic after it occupied the Philippines during World War II.[13][39] The Commonwealth continued its existence as a government in exile in Australia and the United States.[9][40] The Philippines had two concurrent presidents by this time:[4] a de jure (the Commonwealth president) and a de facto (Laurel).[15] Because of his status, he was not considered a legitimate president until the 1960s.[16]
Jump up ^ Term ended when he dissolved the Second Republic in the wake of Japan's surrender to the Allies two days prior.[16][39][subnote 2] The Commonwealth was re-established in the Philippines,[13] with Sergio Osmeña as the fourth president.[4][subnote 6]
Jump up ^ Previously affiliated with the Nacionalista Party,[43] but was elected by the National Assembly under the Japanese-organized KALIBAPI, a "non-political service organization" as it described itself.[44] All pre-war parties were replaced by the KALIBAPI.[13][16]
Jump up ^ The 1943 Constitution did not provide for a vice president.[29][45]
Jump up ^ The Third Republic began when the Philippine Commonwealth ended on July 4, 1946.[4][47]
Jump up ^ Died, in office, of a heart attack in Clark Air Base, Pampanga.[19]
Jump up ^ The Liberal Party was split into two opposing wings for the 1949 election: the Avelino wing, led by presidential aspirant José Avelino, and the Quirino wing.[49]
Jump up ^ Died, in office, in a plane crash in Mount Manunggal, Cebu.[20][52]
^ Jump up to: a b Deposed in the People Power Revolution.[subnote 7]
^ Jump up to: a b Term ended upon Marcos' declaration of martial law.[29][subnote 8][subnote 9]
^ Jump up to: a b Imposed martial law, as a self-coup, on September 23, 1972, through Proclamation No. 1081, shortly before the end of his second and final term in 1973.[subnote 8] General Order No. 1, which detailed the transfer of all powers to the president, was also issued, enabling Marcos to rule by decree.[17]
^ Jump up to: a b Served concurrently as prime minister from June 12, 1978, to June 30, 1981.[67][subnote 9]
^ Jump up to: a b The 1973 Constitution was amended through a plebiscite held on January 27, 1984 to re-establish the vice presidency.[29][72][subnote 9]
^ Jump up to: a b The 1973 Constitution, as amended in 1981, did not place restrictions on re-election.[subnote 5]
Jump up ^ Martial law was lifted by Ferdinand Marcos on January 17, 1981, through Proclamation No. 2045,[17] marking the beginning of the Fourth Republic.[47]
^ Jump up to: a b Assumed presidency by claiming victory in the disputed 1986 snap election.[subnote 7]
Jump up ^ Corazon Aquino promulgated a provisional constitution called the 1986 Freedom Constitution on March 25, 1986.[75] It remained in effect until it was supplanted by the current constitution on February 2, 17 87,[75] which ushered the Fifth Republic.[4]
Jump up ^ Deposed after the Supreme Court declared Estrada as resigned, and, as a result, the office of the president vacant, after the Second EDSA Revolution.[79]
Jump up ^ Allied with the Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan (Coalition of Truth and Experience for Tomorrow).[85]
Subnotes
Jump up ^ Cite error: The named reference MalolosRepublic was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Jump up to: a b The Second Republic was later declared by the Supreme Court of the Philippines as a de facto, illegitimate government on September 17, 1945.[16] Its laws were considered null and void;[4][16] despite this, Laurel was included in the official roster of Philippine presidents in the 1960s.[16]
^ Jump up to: a b Emilio F. Aguinaldo would be counted as the second president if he had won the 1935 election because the presidency was abolished and remained defunct until November 15, 1935. During that period, the executive power was exercised by the Governor-General of the US military government and the Insular Government, the precursor of the Philippine Commonwealth.[8]
Jump up ^ Aguinaldo took the oath of allegiance to the US nine days later, effectively ending the republic.[7][25]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Before the ratification of the 1981 amendment of the 1973 Constitution, which removed the limit on re-election to the office for another six-year term,[26][27] presidents were elected to a four-year term with the possibility of re-election, as the amended 1935 Constitution specified: "No person shall serve as [p]resident for more than eight consecutive years."[28] When the 1987 Constitution was imposed and, in effect, superseded the previous constitutions, the president is no longer eligible for any re-election. It does, however, allow a person who had assumed the presidency to seek for a full six-year term if he or she has not yet "served as such for more than four years".[5]
Jump up ^ The Commonwealth had already been temporarily restored in Tacloban on October 23, 1944, during the Battle of Leyte,[41] before it was proclaimed "reestablished as provided by law" on February 27, 1945.[42]
^ Jump up to: a b Ferdinand Marcos and Corazon Aquino both took their oath of office on February 25, 1986. In effect, the Philippines again had two simultaneous presidents, albeit for nine hours only.[62] Marcos was proclaimed on February 15 the winner of the widely denounced February 7 snap election,[62][63] which he called after opposition leader Benigno Aquino Jr., his chief rival and Corazon's wife, was assassinated in 1983.[64] However, in a separate NAMFREL tally dated February 16, Aquino was found the actual duly-elected president.[65][66] The events led to the People Power Revolution on February 22–25, which forced Marcos to leave to exile in Hawaii and installed Aquino to the office.[62][64][66]
^ Jump up to: a b Accounts differ on when martial law was officially established. While sources such as Raymond Bonner have written that Proclamation No. 1081 was signed on September 23, 1972, Primitivo Mijares, a former journalist for Marcos, and the Bangkok Post stated that it was on September 17, only postdated to September 21 because of Marcos' numerological beliefs that were related to the number seven. Marcos claimed to have signed it on September 21, and as of 9 p.m. Philippine Standard Time (UTC+08:00) on September 22, the country was under martial law. He formally announced it in a live television and radio broadcast on September 23. The official date when martial law was set was on September 21 (because it was a date that was divisible by seven), but September 23 is generally considered the correct date because it was when the nation was informed and thus the proclamation was put into full effect.[17]
^ Jump up to: a b c On January 17, 1973, while martial law was still in effect, the 1973 Constitution was ratified, which suspended the 1935 Constitution and ended the Third Republic.[29][47] What Marcos called a New Society (Bagong Lipunan) began,[47] introducing a parliamentary form of government;[71] the vice presidency was abolished and the presidential succession provision was devolved to the prime minister.[29]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Ortiguero, Romsanne (October 22, 2014). "TRAVEL Inside Malacañang Complex, 3 places to visit for a charming date with history". News5. TV5. Archived from the original on June 30, 2016. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Mansion House". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Sisante, Jam (August 6, 2010). "Malacañang sa Sugbo still the president's official residence in Cebu". GMA News and Public Affairs. GMA Network. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "The Executive Branch". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on June 17, 2016. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ Tucker 2009, p. 8
^ Jump up to: a b Cite error: The named reference FirstRep was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Jump up to: a b Agoncillo & Guerrero 1970, p. 281
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Commonwealth of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved July 8, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Emilio Aguinaldo". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, p. 203
^ Jump up to: a b c d PCDSPO 2015, pp. 62–64
^ Jump up to: a b c d Jose, Ricardo T. (1997). Afterword. His Excellency Jose P. Laurel, President of the Second Philippine Republic: Speeches, Messages and Statements, October 14, 1943 to December 19, 1944. By Laurel, José P. Manila: Lyceum of the Philippines in cooperation with the José P. Laurel Memorial Foundation. ISBN 971-91847-2-8. Retrieved June 18, 2016 – via Presidential Museum and Library.
Jump up ^ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (September 3, 1945). "The Philippines: End of a Puppet". Time. Retrieved July 5, 2016. (Subscription required (help)).
^ Jump up to: a b "Today is the birth anniversary of President Jose P. Laurel". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Staff writer(s); no by-line. (October 14, 2015). "Second Philippine Republic". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on March 15, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Declaration of Martial Law". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Tejero, Constantino C. (November 8, 2015). "The real Manuel Luis Quezon, beyond the posture and bravura". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Staff writer(s); no by-line. (April 16, 1948). "Heart Attack Fatal to Philippine Pres. Roxas". Schenectady Gazette. Manila. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Death Anniversary of President Ramon Magsaysay". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. March 17, 2013. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Philippine Presidents". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on May 27, 2016. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Quezon, Manuel Luis M. (December 30, 1941). "Second Inaugural Address of President Quezon". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (October 19, 1961). "Sergio Osmena, Second President of the Philippines". Toledo Blade. Manila: Block Communications. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Pascual, Federico D., Jr. (September 26, 2010). "Macapagal legacy casts shadow on today's issues". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Tucker 2009, p. 496
^ Jump up to: a b c PCDSPO 2015, pp. 125–126
Jump up ^ "1973 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 21, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b The 1935 Constitution:
"The 1935 Constitution". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
"1935 Constitution amended". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Office of the Vice President". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Manuel L. Quezon". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 204
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, pp. 54–56
Jump up ^ "Sergio Osmeña". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 206
^ Jump up to: a b c d PCDSPO 2015, pp. 74–76
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 78
^ Jump up to: a b "Manuel Roxas". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, p. 207
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, p. 72
Jump up ^ Agoncillo & Guerrero 1970, p. 415
Jump up ^ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (September 4, 2012). "Sergio Osmeña: Remembering the Grand Old Man of Cebu". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved July 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ MacArthur, Douglas (February 27, 1945). "Speech of General Douglas MacArthur upon turning over to President Sergio Osmena the full powers and responsibilities of the Commonwealth Government under the Constitution". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jose P. Laurel". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on March 23, 2016. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, pp. 66–67
Jump up ^ "The 1943 Constitution". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 205
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Third Republic". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (November 16, 2012). "The ritual climbing of the main stairs of..." Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on December 7, 2013. Retrieved July 21, 2016 – via Tumblr. On the morning of April 17, 1948, Vice President Elpidio Quirino–fresh off a coast guard cutter from the Visayas–ascended the staircase to pay his respects to the departed President Manuel Roxas, and to take his oath of office as [p]resident of the Philippines. The country had been without a [p]resident for two days.
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, pp. 80–82
Jump up ^ "Elpidio Quirino". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 208
Jump up ^ Staff writer(s); no by-line. (March 18, 1957). "Magsaysay Dead in Plane Crash". St. Petersburg Times. Manila: Times Publishing Company. Retrieved June 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Ramon Magsaysay". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 209
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, pp. 85–88
Jump up ^ "Carlos P. Garcia". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 210
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, pp. 91–93
Jump up ^ "Diosdado Macapagal". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 211
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, pp. 96–98
^ Jump up to: a b c Reaves, Joseph A. (February 26, 1986). "Marcos Flees, Aquino Rules". Chicago Tribune. Manila: Tribune Publishing. Retrieved July 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Resolution No. 38". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. February 15, 1986. Retrieved July 9, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Chandler & Steinberg 1987, pp. 431–442
Jump up ^ "1986 Tally Board". National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections. February 16, 1986. Retrieved July 9, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d PCDSPO 2015, pp. 132–134
^ Jump up to: a b c "Ferdinand E. Marcos". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, p. 212
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, pp. 101–104
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, pp. 108–110
Jump up ^ Sicat, Gerardo P. (September 23, 2015). "Marcos and his failure to provide for an orderly political succession". The Philippine Star. Retrieved July 9, 2016. The transitional nature of the political system according to the 1973 Constitution was left undefined in view of the martial law government. This constitution adopted a British-style parliamentary system.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 130
^ Jump up to: a b "Corazon C. Aquino". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, p. 213
^ Jump up to: a b "Philippine Constitutions". Official Gazette. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fidel V. Ramos". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Archived from the original on March 23, 2016. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 214
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, pp. 142–143
Jump up ^ Calica, Aurea (January 21, 2001). "SC: People's welfare is the supreme law". The Philippine Star. Retrieved June 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Joseph Ejercito Estrada". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 215
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, pp. 147–149
Jump up ^ "Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 216
^ Jump up to: a b PCDSPO 2015, pp. 153–155
Jump up ^ "Benigno S. Aquino III". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved June 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, p. 217
Jump up ^ PCDSPO 2015, pp. 159–161
Jump up ^ "Presidency and Vice Presidency by the Numbers: Rodrigo Roa Duterte and Leni Robredo". Presidential Museum and Library. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
Works cited[edit]
Agoncillo, Teodoro A.; Guerrero, Milagros C. (1970). History of the Filipino People (3rd ed.). Malaya Books.
Chandler, David Porter; Steinberg, David Joel (1987). In Search of Southeast Asia: A Modern History (Revised ed.). University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 0-8248-1110-0.
Guevara, Sulpicio, ed. (2005) [1898]. The laws of the first Philippine Republic (the laws of Malolos) 1898–1899. Compiled, edited, and translated into English by Sulpicio Guevara. Manila: National Historical Institute (published 1972). ISBN 971-538-055-7 – via University of Michigan Library.
Philippine Electoral Almanac (PDF) (Revised and expanded ed.). Manila: Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. 2015. ISBN 978-971-95551-6-2 – via Internet Archive.
Tucker, Spencer, ed. (2009). The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars: A Political, Social, and Military History. 1 (Illustrated ed.). ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-951-1.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Presidents of the Philippines.
Presidential Website
Office of the President of the Philippines
Presidential Museum and Library
Philippines at worldstatesmen.org
show
v
t
e
Presidents of the Philippines
List
First Republic (1899–1901)
Emilio Aguinaldo
Commonwealth (1935–46)
Manuel L. Quezon
Sergio Osmeña
Manuel Roxas
Second Republic (1943–44)
José P. Laurel
Third Republic (1946–73)
Manuel Roxas
Elpidio Quirino
Ramon Magsaysay
Carlos P. Garcia
Diosdado Macapagal
Ferdinand Marcos
New Society (1973–81)
Ferdinand Marcos
Fourth Republic (1981–86)
Ferdinand Marcos
Corazon Aquino
Fifth Republic (1986–present)
Corazon Aquino
Fidel Ramos
Joseph Estrada
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
Benigno Aquino III
Rodrigo Duterte
show
v
t
e
Philippine presidential inaugurations
Aguinaldo
1897
1899
Quezon
1935
1941
1943
Laurel (1943)
Osmeña (1944)*
Roxas
1946
1946
Quirino
1948*
1949
Magsaysay (1953)
Garcia
1957*
1957
Macapagal (1961)
Marcos
1965
1969
1978**
1981
1986
C. Aquino (1986)*
Ramos (1992)
Estrada (1998)
Macapagal-Arroyo
2001*
2004
B. S. Aquino III (2010)
Duterte (2016)
* Non-scheduled (extraordinary) inaugurations.
** Confirmation as Prime Minister.
show
v
t
e
Lists related to the Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Philippines
List of Presidents
List of Vice Presidents
Presidents
Birth
Longevity
Lifespan
Time in office
Time as former president
Professional careers
Previous executive experience
Inaugurations
Personal life
Education
Province
Religious affiliation
Candidates
Tickets
Former presidents who pursued public office
Other
Elections
First Ladies and Gentlemen
Currency appearances
Unofficial Presidents
Vice Presidents
Birth
Death
Time in office
Personal life
Place of primary affiliation
Second Ladies and Gentlemen
Succession
Line of succession
show
v
t
e
Leaders of Southeast Asian countries
Heads of state
Brunei (Monarch)
Cambodia (Monarch)
East Timor (President)
Indonesia (President) (list)
Laos (President)
Malaysia (Monarch)
Myanmar (President) (list)
Philippines (President) (list)
Singapore (President)
Thailand (Monarch) (list)
Vietnam (President) (list)
Heads of government
Brunei
Cambodia (list)
East Timor
Indonesia (list)
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines (list)
Singapore
Thailand (list)
Vietnam (list)
Defunct heads of state
and government
Burma (Monarch)
Dutch East Indies (Governor-General)
Indonesia (Prime Minister)
Laos (Monarch)
Myanmar (Prime Minister)
Philippines (Consorts) (Governor-General) (Prime Minister)
Vietnam (Monarch)
South Vietnam (leaders)
ASEAN
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Presidents_of_the_Philippines&oldid=854738823"
Categories:
Lists of national presidents
Lists of political office-holders in the Philippines
Lists of Presidents of the Philippines
Presidents of the Philippines
Hidden categories:
Pages using Timeline
Articles containing Filipino-language text
Pages with reference errors
Pages with broken reference names
Pages containing links to subscription-only content
Use mdy dates from June 2016
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Bikol Central
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Eesti
Español
Français
Galego
한국어
Ido
Ilokano
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
Basa Jawa
Kapampangan
ქართული
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
Occitan
Polski
Português
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
ไทย
Українська
Winaray
中文
24 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 13 August 2018, at 13:02 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: href class

value: sup

values: /wiki/Metonym mw-redirect Metonym

values: Constitutional reform in the Philippines

values: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: center; display: none;

values: President of the Senate of the Philippines

values:
/wiki/Vicente_Sotto_III
mw-redirect
Vicente Sotto III

values: Seal of the Philippine House of Representatives.svg

values: House of Representatives of the Philippines

values: Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines

values: Legislative districts of the Philippines

values: Party-list representation in the House of Representatives of the Philippines

values:
/wiki/Sangguniang_Barangay
mw-redirect
Sangguniang Barangay

values: Seal of the President of the Philippines.svg

values: Seal of the Vice President of the Republic of the Philippines.svg

values: Executive departments of the Philippines

values: Seal of the Supreme Court of the Republic of the Philippines.svg

values: Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines

values: Civil Service Commission of the Philippines

values: Commission on Human Rights (Philippines)

values: List of political parties in the Philippines

values: Administrative divisions of the Philippines

values: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;

values: Template talk:Politics of the Philippines

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/1987_Constitution
mw-redirect
1987 Constitution

values: Philippine presidential line of succession

values:
/wiki/1935_Philippine_Constitution
mw-redirect
1935 Philippine Constitution

values: History of the Philippines (1986–present)

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values: United Nationalist Democratic Organization

values: background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;

values: Edit section: Prior to the First Republic

values: Edit section: 1899–1901: First Republic (Malolos Republic)

values:
/wiki/Palanan,_Isabela
mw-redirect
Palanan, Isabela

values: List of unofficial Presidents of the Philippines

values: Revolutionary Government of the Philippines

values:
wikitable plainrowheaders
text-align:center; width:100%;

values:
/wiki/File:ML_Quezon.jpg
image
Manuel Luis M. Quezon

values:
/wiki/File:Sergio_Osmena_photo.jpg
image
Sergio Osmeña

values: List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines

values:
/wiki/File:Manuel_Roxas_2.jpg
image
Manuel Roxas

values:
/wiki/Jose_P._Laurel
mw-redirect
Jose P. Laurel

values:
/wiki/File:Jose_P._Laurel_(cropped).jpg
image
José P. Laurel

values: Secretary of Interior and Local Government (Philippines)

values:
/wiki/File:Elpidio_R_Quirino.jpg
image
Elpidio Quirino

values:
/wiki/File:Ramon-Magsaysay-01.jpg
image
Ramon Magsaysay

values: Secretary of National Defense (Philippines)

values:
/wiki/File:Carlos_P_Garcia_photo.jpg
image
Carlos P. Garcia

values:
/wiki/File:Diosdado_Macapagal_photo.jpg
image
Diosdado P. Macapagal

values:
/wiki/File:Ferdinand_E_Marcos.jpg
image
Ferdinand Marcos

values: Philippine presidential election and referendum, 1981

values: Edit section: 1972–87: Martial law and the Fourth Republic

values:
/wiki/File:Corazon_Aquino_1986.jpg
image
Corazon Aquino

values:
/wiki/Corazon_C._Aquino
mw-redirect
Corazon C. Aquino

values:
/wiki/Salvador_H._Laurel
mw-redirect
Salvador H. Laurel

values: Edit section: 1987–present: Fifth Republic

values: Philippine constitutional plebiscite, 1987

values:
/wiki/File:Ramos_Pentagon_cropped.jpg
image
Fidel Ramos

values:
/wiki/Joseph_Ejercito_Estrada
mw-redirect
Joseph Ejercito Estrada

values:
/wiki/File:Joseph_Estrada.jpg
image
Joseph Estrada

values: First inauguration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

values:
/wiki/Gloria_Macapagal-Arroyo
mw-redirect
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

values: Second inauguration of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo

values:
/wiki/Benigno_S._Aquino_III
mw-redirect
Benigno S. Aquino III

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by time in office

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: First Lady or First Gentleman of the Philippines

values: List of current heads of state and government

values: Heads of state and government of the Philippines

values: List of sovereign state leaders in the Philippines

values: List of recorded datu in the Philippines

values:
/wiki/Manuel_Luis_M._Quezon
mw-redirect
Manuel Luis M. Quezon

values: National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic)

values: Philippine constitutional plebiscite, 1984

values: Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text

values: United States military government of the Philippine Islands

values: Insular Government of the Philippine Islands

values: National Citizens' Movement for Free Elections

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.gov.ph/about/gov/exec/
external text

values: The site requires a paid subscription to access this page.

values:
nofollow
http://malacanang.gov.ph/presidents/
external text

values: National Historical Commission of the Philippines

values:
nofollow
http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/
external text

values: commons:Category:Presidents of the Philippines

values:
nofollow
http://president.gov.ph/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://op-proper.gov.ph/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://malacanang.gov.ph/
external text

values:
navbox-image
7
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Template talk:Philippine presidential inaugurations

values: First inauguration of Emilio Aguinaldo (page does not exist)

values: Second inauguration of Emilio Aguinaldo (page does not exist)

values: Third inauguration of Manuel L. Quezon (page does not exist)

values: Prime Ministerial confirmation of Ferdinand Marcos

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by date of birth

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by longevity

values: Lifespan timeline of Presidents of the Philippines

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by previous executive experience

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by education

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by province

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by religious affiliations

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines by tickets

values: List of former Philippines presidents who pursued public office

values: List of Presidents of the Philippines on currency

values: List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines by date of birth

values: List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines by date of death

values: List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines by time in office

values: List of Vice Presidents of the Philippines by place of primary affiliation

values: Second Lady or Second Gentleman of the Philippines

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies

values: List of Secretaries-General of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Lists of political office-holders in the Philippines

values: Category:Lists of Presidents of the Philippines

values: Category:Articles containing Filipino-language text

values: Category:Pages with broken reference names

values: Category:Pages containing links to subscription-only content

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Presidente kan Filipinas – Central Bikol

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Anexo:Presidentes de Filipinas – Spanish

values: Liste des présidents des Philippines – French

values: Lista dos presidentes de Filipinas – Galician

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: 필리핀의 대통령 목록 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-io
display: none;

values: Listaan dagiti Presidente ti Filipinas – Iloko

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: Ding meging Presidenti ning Kapuluan Pilipinas – Pampanga

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pam
display: none;

values: ფილიპინების პრეზიდენტი – Georgian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values: Sąrašas:Filipinų prezidentai – Lithuanian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values: A Fülöp-szigeteki Köztársaság elnökeinek listája – Hungarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: Список на претседатели на Филипините – Macedonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values: Lijst van presidenten van de Filipijnen – Dutch

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: Lista dels presidents de las Filipinas – Occitan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-oc
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Lista de presidentes das Filipinas – Portuguese

values: Список президентов Филиппин – Russian

values: Luettelo Filippiinien presidenteistä – Finnish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: Lista över Filippinernas presidenter – Swedish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: Talaan ng mga Pangulo ng Pilipinas – Tagalog

values: รายนามประธานาธิบดีฟิลิปปินส์ – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: Список президентів Філіппін – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: Talaan hin mga Mangulo han Pilipinas – Waray

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-war
display: none;

values: 菲律宾总统列表 – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_Presidents_of_the_Philippines rootpage-List_of_Presidents_of_the_Philippines skin-vector action-view