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International rankings of India
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The following are international rankings of India.
Contents
1 Geographics
2 Society
3 Economy
4 Communications
5 Sport
6 Entertainment
7 Politics
8 Military
9 Awards
10 Environment
11 Geography
12 Agriculture, Fisheries and Live Stock
13 Cities
14 Religion
15 See also
16 References
Geographics[edit]
Further information: Demographics of India
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Population 2/ 221 CIA World Factbook[1] Estimated Population(July 2017) 1,281,935,911
Population Density 33 / 246 Economist Intelligence Unit 2017 - 403 people per km2
Fertility rate 103 / 210 Population Reference Bureau 2016 - 2.3
Net migration (rate) 85 / 194 World Bank 2012 - 2.06 per thousand
Net migrants 2 / 194 World Bank 2012 - 2,598,218 emigrated
Health
Life expectancy 125 / 183 World Health Organization 2015 - 68.3 years
Infant Mortality 113 / 223 CIA 2016 est - 40.5 per 1000
Ethnic and cultural diversity 88 / 215 Alesina et al.[2] 2003
Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus 2 / 194 World Health Organization 2016 (69.2 of 422 million diagnosed adult diabetics, live in India)
Rate of Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus _ / 194 Percentage of Population affected by Diabetes
Cigarette consumption 7 / 185 tobaccoatlas.org 2014[3]
Cigarette consumption per capita 159 / 185 tobaccoatlas.org 2014
Alcohol consumption per capita 119 / 191 World Health Organization 2014
Global Hunger Index 103 / 119 International Food Policy Research Institute 2018 oct
Suicide rate 41 / 106 World Health Organization
Health Expenditure per capita (PPP) 140 / 190 World Health Organization 2014 - $267 (inflation-adjusted 2011 dollars)
Height
Average Height - male 90/ 101 averageheight.co 2016 - 1.647m
Average Height - female 45 / 103 averageheight.co 2016 - 1.612m
Education
Literacy rate 168 / 234 UNESCO Institute for Statistics 2015 - 72.1%
Human capital 103 / 130 WEF - The Global Human capital Report 2017[4]
Education Index 145 / 191 United Nations 2013
Programme for International Student Assessment 72 to 74 / 74 OECD 2009
Languages
Linguistic diversity index 14 / 232 SIL International 2017
Official languages 2 / 41 22 Official languages
English-speaking population 2 / 133 Census of India 10.35% (125,226,449) English speakers out of 1,210,000,000 eligible population
Society[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Happiness
World Happiness Report 133 / 155 United Nations 2018 report[5]
Happy Planet Index 50 / 140 New Economics Foundation 2016 - Score 29.2[6]
Aggregate metrics
Human Development Index 130 / 188 United Nations 2018 report - score 0.640
Inequality-adjusted HDI 97 / 151 UNDP 2016 report - score 0.454
Social Progress Index 93 / 128 Social Progress Imperative 2017 - score 58.39
Where-to-be-born Index 66 / 80 Economist Intelligence Unit 2013 - score 5.67
Legatum Prosperity Index 104 / 149 Legatum 2016[7]
Global Youth Development Index 134 / 183 Global Youth Development Index 2016
List of countries by homeless population 8 / 52 Business Standard 2011 - 1,770,000 homeless
Urbanization by country 161 / 199 CIA The World Factbook 2015 est
Gun ownership 2 / 179 total # firearms
94 / 179 per capita # Small Arms Survey 2017 - 71,101,000 civilian-held firearms or 5.3 guns per 100 residents
Gender
Global Gender Gap Report 108 / 144 World Economic Forum 2018[8]
Gender Inequality Index 125 / 188 UNDP 2015 - value: 0.530 - female Labour force participation rate: 26.8%[9]
State of the World's Mothers report 73 / 77 Save the Children 2010[10][11]
Crime
Intentional homicides 2 / 219 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2015 - 41,623 Intentional homicides
Global Slavery Index 4 / 167 Walk Free Foundation 2016 - 18,354,700 living in modern slavery[12]
Global Terrorism Index 8/130 Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) 2017
Economy[edit]
Further information: Economy of India
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Product
GDP growth rate 15 / 225 CIA The World Factbook[13] 2017-18 - 6.7%
Nominal GDP 6 / 181 International Monetary Fund 2017-18 - 2.611 trillion
GDP (PPP) 3 / 181 International Monetary Fund 2017-18 - 9.459 trillion
Per capita GDP 139 / 187 International Monetary Fund 2017-18 - $1,983
tax revenue to GDP ratio 109 / 180 The Heritage Foundation 2015 - 17.7% of GDP
Trade
Imports 12 / 222 CIA The World Factbook 2017 est - $426,800,000,000
Exports 21 / 222 CIA The World Factbook 2017 est - $299,300,000,000
Received FDI 31 / 115 CIA The World Factbook 2017 est - $156,100,000,000
Wealth
Number of Billionaires 3 / 71 Forbes 2018 - 131
Gold reserve 10 / 18 World Gold Council 2017 June - 557.8 tonnes
Public debt 82 / 189 CIA The World Factbook 2016 est - 52.3% GDP NET / 41.11% GDP Gross
Foreign-Exchange reserves 8 / 193 2017 Sept
Income
Minimum wages 124 / 156 2017 - $743/yr (Bihar)
GNI nominal 9 / 15 World Bank 2016 - value $2,027,964,000,000
GNI PPP 3 / 15 World Bank 2016 - value $8,594,226,000,000 international dollars
GNI (PPP) per capita 124 / 179 World Bank 2015 - $6,030 international dollars
Employment
Unemployment rate 103 / 217 CIA The World Factbook[14] 2016 - 8% unemployment
Employment rate 42 / 47 OECD 2012 - 53.3% of 15-64 year olds in employment
Business environment
Globalization Index 107 / 184 ETHZ KOF Index of Globalization [1] 2017
World Competitiveness Yearbook scoreboard 45 / 63 IMD International [2] 2017
Global Resilience Index 60 / 130 FM Global 2017[15] [3]
Index of Economic Freedom 123 / 178 The Wall Street Journal [4] 2016
Quality-of-life index 43 / 56 Economist Intelligence Unit [5] 2017
Ease of doing business index 100 / 190 World Bank Group 2017
Global Competitiveness Index 40 / 137 World Economic Forum [6] 2017-2018
Index of Economic Freedom 128 / 178 The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal 2016
Economic Freedom of the World 95 / 157 Fraser Institute 2015 - score 6.63
Financial Development Index 51 / 183 IMF 2016
Technology
IT industry competitiveness index 18 / 66 BSA Global Index [7] 2016
ICT Development Index 134 / 176 International Telecommunication Union 2017[16]
Global Innovation Index 57 / 130 Global Innovation Index 2018
Space Competitiveness Index 6 / 15 Futron Corporation, 2013
Networked Readiness Index 91 / 139 World Economic Forum 2016 - Score 3.8[17]
Passengers carried in rail transport 2 / 86 International Union of Railways 2016[18][19] - 8.224 billion passengers
Longest Railway platforms 1 / 5 The Times of India
rail transport network size 3 / 149 International Union of Railways 2015 - 68,525 km
Traffic-related deaths 2 / 180 WHO 2013 - 238,562 deaths
Vehicles per capita 84 / 163 2015 - 0.167 per capita, 55,725,543 total
Industry
Electricity production 3 / 209 BP 2016 - 1,400,800
Steel production 3 / 38 World Steel Association 2016 - 95.6 million metric tons
Communications[edit]
Following rankings involving technological advances in communication are taken from the CIA World Factbook.[20]
List
World rank
Source
Demographics (est.)
Telephone Lines in Use 12 / 218 CIA The World Factbook 2014 - 27 million est. (2017 Aug - 23.77 million[21])
Mobile Phones in Use 1 / 222 908,358,714 million lines (74.71% density) for 1.2 billion population as of August 2012[update]959825*851*8*/4
6546+5+8165466
Internet users (pct of population) 127 / 191 ITU estimate 2015 - 26%
4G LTE penetration 15 / 75 OpenSignal 2017 - 81.56%
Internet connection speeds 89 / 149 Akamai Technologies 2017 Q1 - Average 6.5Mbit/s[22]
Television broadcast stations 4 / 233 2016 - 857 licensed stations
Sport[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Cricket - men's Test 1 / 10 International Cricket Council 2018 Oct
Cricket - men's ODI 2 / 10 International Cricket Council 2018 Oct
Cricket - men's T20 2 / 10 International Cricket Council 2018 Oct
Cricket - women's 4 / 10 International Cricket Council 2018 Oct
Kabaddi - men's 1/12 IKF 2017
Field Hockey - men's 6 / 91 International Hockey Federation 2017
Field Hockey - women's 10 / 74 International Hockey Federation 2017
Football - men's 97 / 206 FIFA April 2018
Football - women's 56 / 177 FIFA 2017
Rugby Union - men's 77 / 103 World Rugby 2017
Chess - men's 5 / 173 FIDE 2017[23]
Chess - women's 7 / 142 FIDE 2017[23]
Olympic Gold Medals 48= / 151 IOC 2016 - 9 Golds from 33 Games (24 - Summer, 9 - Winter)
Olympic Medals 60= / 151 IOC 2016 - 28 medals from 33 Games (24 - Summer, 9 - Winter)
Paralympic Gold Medals 64= / 122 IOC 2016 - 4 Golds from 11 Games (11 - Summer, 0 - Winter)
Paralympic Medals 71 / 122 IOC 2016 - 12 medals from 11 Games (11 - Summer, 0 - Winter)
Entertainment[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Film productions 1 / 15 UNESCO 2015
Cinema box office 4 / 15 MPAA 2016 - $1.9bn
Cinema admissions 1 / 10 European Audiovisual Observatory 2013 - 9,164,000,000
Politics[edit]
Further information: Economy of India
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Corruption Perceptions Index 81 / 180 Transparency International 2016[24]
Press Freedom Index 138 / 180 Reporters Without Borders 2018[25]
Soft power 24 / 25 Monocle 2016-17[26]
Rule of Law Index 66 / 113 World Justice Project 2016
Democracy Index 42 / 167 Economist Intelligence Unit 2017 - score 7.23 - Flawed democracy
Democracy Ranking 65 / 112 democracyranking.org 2014-2015
Corporate Governance 20 / 38 GMI Ratings 2010
E-Government 107 / 192 UN 2016 - score 0.4638[27]
Global Peace Index 136/163 Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP) 2018
Military[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Military expenditure 5 / 186 Stockholm International Peace Research Institute 2016 - $55.9bn or 2.5% of GDP[28]
Military Strength 5 / 20 Credit Suisse 2015
Active troops 2 / 171 International Institute for Strategic Studies 1,395,100 active troops (1.1 active troops per 1000 capita)
Total troops 4 / 171 International Institute for Strategic Studies 4,941,600 total troops (3.9 troops per 1000 capita)
Composite Index of National Capability 3 / 193 National power 2003 - score 0.073444
Overseas Bases 5 / 10 4 overseas bases
Awards[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Academy Award nominations - Foreign Language Film 33 / 125 Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences 3 nominations, from 50 submissions
Nobel laureates 24= / 76 Nobel Prize 3 Indian Citizens, at the time they were made a Nobel laureate: Mother Teresa (Peace), Amartya Sen (Economics), Kailash Satyarthi (Peace), two British Indian subjects: Rabindranath Tagore (Literature), and C. V. Raman (Physics), along with two Indian born British subjects: Rudyard Kipling (Literature), Ronald Ross (Medicine), have received the honour.
Turing Award 6= / 13 Association for Computing Machinery Indian-American Raj Reddy, became first person of Asian origin to receive the ACM Turing Award, in 1994, for his work in the field of Artificial Intelligence.
World Heritage Sites 6 / 167 World Heritage Committee 37 Sites
Environment[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Source
Notes
Carbon dioxide emissions by country 8 / 214 United Nations Statistics Division 2010
Carbon dioxide emissions per capita 145 / 214 United Nations Statistics Division 2009
Climate Change Performance Index 31 / 61 2015
Environmental Performance Index 177 / 180 Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy 2018
Environment Democracy Index 20 / 70 World Resources Institute [29]
Air Quality - average PM 2.5 concentration 84 / 92 WHO[30] 2014 - 60.6 µg/m3[31]
Freshwater withdrawal 1 / 170 CIA World Factbook 2008 - 645.84 km³/year
Irrigated land area 2 / 221 CIA World Factbook 2012 - 667,000 km²[8]
Global Climate Risk Index 2018 6th Germanwatch 2018
Geography[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking/Total Countries
Notes
Total Area 7/233 All Over India 32,87,364 km2
(1,222,559 sq mile) including land and water
Length of coastline 18/196 7,000 km coastline with 2.00 coast/area ratio (m/km sq). According to the Indian naval hydrographic charts, the mainland coastline consists of the following: 43% sandy beaches; 11% rocky shores, including cliffs; and 46% mudflats or marshy shores.
Agriculture, Fisheries and Live Stock[edit]
Main article: Agriculture in India
Field
Rank
Date
Apple Production, output of 2,203,000 tons 5 2013
Bananas Production, output of 29,800,000 metric tons 1 2013
Bean Production, output of 4,870,000 tons 1 2010
Buffalo, milk output of 56,960,000 tons 1 2008
Black Pepper, 19% of world output 2 2008
Cauliflowers and Broccoli Production, output of 5,014,500 tons 2 2008
Cardamom Production, output of 15 thousand metric tons 2 2012
Cashew Apple Production, output of 613,000 metric tons 2 2010
Chicken Population, output of 648,830,000 5 2004
Chickpea Production, output of 5,970,000 tons 1 2008
Coconut Production, output of 10,824,100 3 2010
Coffee Production, output of 300,300,000 kg 6 2011
Cotton Production, output of 27.0 million bales 2 2011
Cow Numbers, 281,700,000 cows 1 2009
Fish Production, output of 6,318,887 tons (capture 3,481,136 & aquaculture 2,837,751) 3 2005
Garlic Production, output of 833,970 tons 2 2010
Ginger Production, output of 380,100 tons 1 2008
Goat Numbers, 125,700,000 goats 2 2008
Goat Milk Production, output of 4,000,000 metric tons 1 2008
Goat Meat Production, output of 480,000 metric tons 2 2008
Jute Production, output of 17,43,000 tons 1 2008
Lemon & Lime Production, output of 2,060,000 tons 1 2007
Lentil Production, 950,000 tons 2 2009
Mango Production, output of 16,340,000 tons 1 2011
Millet Production, output of 8,810,000 tons 1 2009
Milk Production, output of 110,040,000 metric tons (cow milk 50.3 million metric tons) 2 2018
Onion Production, output of 13,372,100 metric tons 2 2010
Orange Production, output of 5,000,000 tons 3 2010
Peanut Production, output of 6.25 metric tons 2 2009
Pineapple Production, output of 1,341,000 tons 7 2010
Potato Production, output of 36,600,000 metric tons 2 2010
Rice Production, output of 120,600,000 metric tons 1 2015-16
Saffron Production, output of 2,300 kg 3 2005
Sheep Stock, output of 65,000,000 3 2008
Silk Production, output of 77,000,000 kg 2 2005
Sorghum Production, output of 7,900,000 metric tons 3 2008
Soybean Production, output of 9.8 metric tons 5 2010
Sugarcane Production, output of 285,029,000 tons 2 2009
Sweet Potato Production, output of 1,100,000 tons 7 2009
Tea Production, output of 991,180 metric tons 2 2010
Tomato Production, output of 11,979,700 tons 3 2010
Wheat Production, output of 80.7 million metric tons 2 2010
Cities[edit]
UN World's Largest Morphological Cities ranking(physically contiguous urban area) ranks
City
Rank
bangalore 1
List of cities with the most high-rise buildings above 35 meters has following Indian cities: Mumbai 12th with 2480 buildings, Chennai 35th with 689 buildings, Kolkata 40th with 594 buildings, Pune 47th with 510 buildings, Bangalore 53rd with 460 buildings.
City
Rank
Buildings
Mumbai 4 7053
Chennai 35 689
Kolkata 40 594
Pune 47 510
List of cities with most skyscrapers above meters ranks Mumbai behind Dubai.
City
Rank
Buildings
Mumbai 1 2
Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC), Loughborough University listed Mumbai, New Delhi & Bangalore as emerging world city[32]
List of most polluted cities by particulate matter concentration
Religion[edit]
List
INDIA Ranking
Source
Notes
Hindu 1st 2011 Census of India[33] 2011 - 966,257,353 (India: 79.80%, World: )
Muslim 3rd 2011 Census of India 2011 - 172,245,158 (India: 14.23%, World: 9.57%) [34]
Christian 22nd 2011 Census of India 2011 - 27,819,588 (India: 2.30%, World: 1.16%)
Sikh 1st 2011 Census of India 2011 - 20,833,116 (India: 1.72%, World: 90.02%)
Buddhist 9th 2011 Census of India 2011 - 8,442,972 (India: 0.70%, World: 63%)
Jain 1st 2011 Census of India 2011 - 4,451,753 (India: 0.37%, World: 64%)[35]
Zoroastrian 1st 2011 Census of India 2001 - 69,000 (India: 0.006%, World: 50%)
Bahá'í Faith - 2011 Census of India 2011 - 4,572 (India: 0.0%, World: 0.0%)
See also[edit]
List of India-related articles
Lists of countries
Lists by country
List of international rankings
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-11-17.
Jump up ^ A. Alesina, E. La Ferrara (2005). "Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance" (PDF). Journal of Economic Literature: 762–800. Retrieved December 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ "CIGARETTE CONSUMPTION". The tobacco atlas. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Global Human capital Report 2017". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 30 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "India ranks 122nd in World Happiness Report, behind its neighbours Pakistan and China". hindustantimes.com. 20 March 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "About the HPI". happyplanetindex.org. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "THE LEGATUM PROSPERITY INDEX™". prosperity.com. LEGATUM. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
Jump up ^ World Economic Forum 2017 Global Gender Gap Report
Jump up ^ "Gender Inequality Index". undp.org. UN. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Times News Network (2010-05-04). "India among worst places to become a mother: Survey". The Times of India.
Jump up ^ Save the Children 2010 State of the World's Mothers PDF
Jump up ^ "The Global Slavery Index 2016". The Global Slavery Index. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The World factbook". CIA - The World factbook. CIA. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". CIA. CIA. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "FM GLOBAL RESILIENCE INDEX". FM GLOBAL. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Measuring the Information Society Report 2017" (PDF). Geneva, Switzerland: International Telecommunication Union (ITU). 2017. p. 31. Retrieved 2017-11-16.
Jump up ^ "Networked Readiness Index". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Railway Statistics 2016 - synopsis" (PDF). UIC. UIC. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Railway Statistics 2015 - synopsis" (PDF). UIC. UIC. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook - Pakistan". Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 30 November 2010.
Jump up ^ "Highlights of Telecom Subscription Data as on 31st August, 2017" (PDF). TELECOM REGULATORY AUTHORITY OF INDIA. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "India Ranked 89th Globally in Terms of Average Internet Speed: Akamai". NDTV. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Federations Ranking". World Chess Federation. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Transparency International 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index
Jump up ^ World Press Freedom Index 2018, Reporters Without Borders
Jump up ^ Serventi, Cesare. "Soft Power Survey 2016/17". Monocle. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "E-Government Development Index". UN.org. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2016" (PDF). Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
Jump up ^ http://www.businessinsider.in/Breathe-free-India-ranks-24th-in-Environment-Democracy-Index/articleshow/47372898.cms
Jump up ^ "World Health Organization: 2014 Air Pollution Ranking". aqicn.org. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Smith, Oliver. "Mapped: The world's most polluted countries". The Telegraph. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Globalization and World Cities". GaWC, Loughborough University.
Jump up ^ "Religion Census 2011". census2011.co.in. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
Jump up ^ "Countries With The Largest Jain Populations". Worldatlas. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
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text:
Hart Memorial Trophy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Hart Memorial Trophy
Award details
Sport
Ice hockey
Given for
Most Valuable Player in regular season of the National Hockey League
History
First award
1924
Most recent
Connor McDavid
The Hart Memorial Trophy, originally known as the Hart Trophy, is awarded annually to the "player judged most valuable to his team" in the National Hockey League (NHL). The original trophy was donated to the league in 1923 by David Hart, the father of Cecil Hart, the longtime head coach of the Montreal Canadiens. The Hart Trophy has been awarded 92 times to 56 different players since its beginnings in 1924. Each year, members of the Professional Hockey Writers' Association vote to determine the player who was the most valuable to his team during the regular season.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Winners
3 See also
4 References
History[edit]
The first winner of the original trophy, Frank Nighbor, in the picture
Elmer Lach with the original trophy in 1945
The Hart Memorial Trophy is named in honour of Canadian Dr. David Hart. Dr. Hart, who donated the original trophy to the NHL, was the father of Cecil Hart, a former Coach and General Manager of the Montreal Canadiens. The trophy was first awarded at the conclusion of the 1923–24 NHL season to Frank Nighbor of the Ottawa Senators. The original Hart Trophy was retired to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1960, and the NHL began presenting a new trophy, which was dubbed the Hart Memorial Trophy in its place.[1] With the exceptions of Tommy Anderson, Al Rollins, and José Theodore, every eligible player who won the Hart Trophy has been inducted into the Hall of Fame.
Wayne Gretzky won the award a record nine times during his career, eight consecutively. He has been named MVP more times than any other player in the history of the other three North American major professional leagues (Major League Baseball (MLB), National Basketball Association, and National Football League). Barry Bonds is second, having won the MVP award seven times in the MLB. Gretzky and his Edmonton Oilers teammate Mark Messier are the only players to win the Hart Trophy with more than one team.[2]
Players from the Montreal Canadiens have won the award sixteen times; players from Boston Bruins are second with twelve winners, while the Edmonton Oilers have seen players win the award ten times. Joe Thornton became the only Hart Trophy winner to have switched clubs during his winning campaign during the 2005–06 season, having played for both the Bruins and San Jose Sharks that year. The defenseman with the most trophy victories is Eddie Shore, who has four. By contrast, it is rare for a goaltender to win the award, which has happened only seven times in its history; Buffalo Sabres goaltender Dominik Hasek is the only two-time winner.
The voting is conducted at the end of the regular season by members of the Professional Hockey Writers' Association, and each individual voter ranks their top five candidates on a 10-7-5-3-1 point(s) system.[3] Three finalists are named and the trophy is awarded at the NHL Awards ceremony after the playoffs. The closest the voting for the Hart Trophy has ever come was in the 2001–02 season, when Jose Theodore and Jarome Iginla tied in the total voting. The tiebreaker for choosing the Hart Trophy winner in such a case is number of first-place votes: Theodore claimed it, who had 86 first-place votes to Iginla's 82.[4]
In 2008, the NHL's official online shop came under criticism after they placed a T-shirt advertising Alexander Ovechkin as the award winner on sale a week before the results were revealed. A spokesperson for the league said "in an effort to offer our fans the merchandise they want in a timely manner following an event such as the NHL Awards, our licensees prepare product for all possible outcomes. In this situation, the link for one of the possible products became live early through an error by our e-commerce provider."[5] Ovechkin was later confirmed to be the winner.
Winners[edit]
Nels Stewart, two-time winner
Wayne Gretzky, nine-time winner
Mario Lemieux, three-time winner
Sergei Fedorov, first European trained player to win it, one-time winner
Dominik Hasek, two-time winner
Alexander Ovechkin, three-time winner
Sidney Crosby, two-time winner
Joe Thornton, only player to switch clubs during his winning season, one-time winner

Positions key
C
Centre
LW
Left Wing
D
Defence
RW
Right Wing
G
Goaltender
Player is still active in the NHL
Eligible player not yet elected to Hockey Hall of Fame
Inactive player not yet eligible for Hockey Hall of Fame
Season
Winner
Team
Position
Win #
1923–24 Nighbor, FrankFrank Nighbor Ottawa Senators C 1
1924–25 Burch, BillyBilly Burch Hamilton Tigers C 1
1925–26 Stewart, NelsNels Stewart Montreal Maroons C 1
1926–27 Gardiner, HerbHerb Gardiner Montreal Canadiens D 1
1927–28 Morenz, HowieHowie Morenz Montreal Canadiens C 1
1928–29 Worters, RoyRoy Worters New York Americans G 1
1929–30 Stewart, NelsNels Stewart Montreal Maroons C 2
1930–31 Morenz, HowieHowie Morenz Montreal Canadiens C 2
1931–32 Morenz, HowieHowie Morenz Montreal Canadiens C 3
1932–33 Shore, EddieEddie Shore Boston Bruins D 1
1933–34 Joliat, AureleAurele Joliat Montreal Canadiens LW 1
1934–35 Shore, EddieEddie Shore Boston Bruins D 2
1935–36 Shore, EddieEddie Shore Boston Bruins D 3
1936–37 Siebert, BabeBabe Siebert Montreal Canadiens D 1
1937–38 Shore, EddieEddie Shore Boston Bruins D 4
1938–39 Blake, ToeToe Blake Montreal Canadiens LW 1
1939–40 Goodfellow, EbbieEbbie Goodfellow Detroit Red Wings D 1
1940–41 Cowley, BillBill Cowley Boston Bruins C 1
1941–42 Anderson, TommyTommy Anderson Brooklyn Americans D 1
1942–43 Cowley, BillBill Cowley Boston Bruins C 2
1943–44 Pratt, BabeBabe Pratt Toronto Maple Leafs D 1
1944–45 Lach, ElmerElmer Lach Montreal Canadiens C 1
1945–46 Bentley, MaxMax Bentley Chicago Black Hawks C 1
1946–47 Richard, MauriceMaurice Richard Montreal Canadiens RW 1
1947–48 O'Connor, BuddyBuddy O'Connor New York Rangers C 1
1948–49 Abel, SidSid Abel Detroit Red Wings C 1
1949–50 Rayner, ChuckChuck Rayner New York Rangers G 1
1950–51 Schmidt, MiltMilt Schmidt Boston Bruins C 1
1951–52 Howe, GordieGordie Howe Detroit Red Wings RW 1
1952–53 Howe, GordieGordie Howe Detroit Red Wings RW 2
1953–54 Rollins, AlAl Rollins Chicago Black Hawks G 1
1954–55 Kennedy, TedTed Kennedy Toronto Maple Leafs C 1
1955–56 Beliveau, JeanJean Beliveau Montreal Canadiens C 1
1956–57 Howe, GordieGordie Howe Detroit Red Wings RW 3
1957–58 Howe, GordieGordie Howe Detroit Red Wings RW 4
1958–59 Bathgate, AndyAndy Bathgate New York Rangers RW 1
1959–60 Howe, GordieGordie Howe Detroit Red Wings RW 5
1960–61 Geoffrion, BernieBernie Geoffrion Montreal Canadiens RW 1
1961–62 Plante, JacquesJacques Plante Montreal Canadiens G 1
1962–63 Howe, GordieGordie Howe Detroit Red Wings RW 6
1963–64 Beliveau, JeanJean Beliveau Montreal Canadiens C 2
1964–65 Hull, BobbyBobby Hull Chicago Black Hawks LW 1
1965–66 Hull, BobbyBobby Hull Chicago Black Hawks LW 2
1966–67 Mikita, StanStan Mikita Chicago Black Hawks C 1
1967–68 Mikita, StanStan Mikita Chicago Black Hawks C 2
1968–69 Esposito, PhilPhil Esposito Boston Bruins C 1
1969–70 Orr, BobbyBobby Orr Boston Bruins D 1
1970–71 Orr, BobbyBobby Orr Boston Bruins D 2
1971–72 Orr, BobbyBobby Orr Boston Bruins D 3
1972–73 Clarke, BobbyBobby Clarke Philadelphia Flyers C 1
1973–74 Esposito, PhilPhil Esposito Boston Bruins C 2
1974–75 Clarke, BobbyBobby Clarke Philadelphia Flyers C 2
1975–76 Clarke, BobbyBobby Clarke Philadelphia Flyers C 3
1976–77 Lafleur, GuyGuy Lafleur Montreal Canadiens RW 1
1977–78 Lafleur, GuyGuy Lafleur Montreal Canadiens RW 2
1978–79 Trottier, BryanBryan Trottier New York Islanders C 1
1979–80 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 1
1980–81 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 2
1981–82 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 3
1982–83 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 4
1983–84 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 5
1984–85 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 6
1985–86 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 7
1986–87 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Edmonton Oilers C 8
1987–88 Lemieux, MarioMario Lemieux Pittsburgh Penguins C 1
1988–89 Gretzky, WayneWayne Gretzky Los Angeles Kings C 9
1989–90 Messier, MarkMark Messier Edmonton Oilers C 1
1990–91 Hull, BrettBrett Hull St. Louis Blues RW 1
1991–92 Messier, MarkMark Messier New York Rangers C 2
1992–93 Lemieux, MarioMario Lemieux Pittsburgh Penguins C 2
1993–94 Fedorov, SergeiSergei Fedorov Detroit Red Wings C 1
1994–95 Lindros, EricEric Lindros Philadelphia Flyers C 1
1995–96 Lemieux, MarioMario Lemieux Pittsburgh Penguins C 3
1996–97 Hasek, DominikDominik Hasek Buffalo Sabres G 1
1997–98 Hasek, DominikDominik Hasek Buffalo Sabres G 2
1998–99 Jagr, JaromirJaromir Jagr Pittsburgh Penguins RW 1
1999–2000 Pronger, ChrisChris Pronger St. Louis Blues D 1
2000–01 Sakic, JoeJoe Sakic Colorado Avalanche C 1
2001–02 Theodore, JoseJose Theodore Montreal Canadiens G 1
2002–03 Forsberg, PeterPeter Forsberg Colorado Avalanche C 1
2003–04 St. Louis, MartinMartin St. Louis Tampa Bay Lightning RW 1
2004–05[a] &
—
&
—
&
—
&
—
2005–06 Thornton, JoeJoe Thornton Boston Bruins/San Jose Sharks C 1
2006–07 Crosby, SidneySidney Crosby Pittsburgh Penguins C 1
2007–08 Ovechkin, AlexanderAlexander Ovechkin Washington Capitals LW 1
2008–09 Ovechkin, AlexanderAlexander Ovechkin Washington Capitals LW 2
2009–10 Sedin, HenrikHenrik Sedin Vancouver Canucks C 1
2010–11 Perry, CoreyCorey Perry Anaheim Ducks RW 1
2011–12 Malkin, EvgeniEvgeni Malkin Pittsburgh Penguins C 1
2012–13 Ovechkin, AlexanderAlexander Ovechkin Washington Capitals RW 3
2013–14 Crosby, SidneySidney Crosby Pittsburgh Penguins C 2
2014–15 Price, CareyCarey Price Montreal Canadiens G 1
2015–16 Kane, PatrickPatrick Kane Chicago Blackhawks RW 1
2016–17 McDavid, ConnorConnor McDavid Edmonton Oilers C 1
Jump up ^ The trophy was not awarded in the 2004–05 season due to the league's lockout.
See also[edit]
Ted Lindsay Award
List of NHL statistical leaders
References[edit]
General
"Hart Memorial Trophy". National Hockey League. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
Hockey Hall of Fame. "Legends of Hockey - NHL Trophies - Hart Memorial Trophy". Legends of Hockey. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
"NHL Hart Memorial Trophy Winners". Hockey Reference. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
Hollander, Zander; Bock, Hal, eds. (1970). The Complete Encyclopedia of Ice Hockey. Prentice-Hall Inc. ISBN 0-13-159905-4.
Specific
Jump up ^ Hollander & Bock 1970, p. 311.
Jump up ^ "99 Reasons Why Wayne Gretzky is "The Great One"". National Hockey League. Retrieved January 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ Dolezar, Jon (April 20, 2003). "Foppa shows the most Hart". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 2007-12-05. Retrieved August 4, 2016. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "Hart Memorial Trophy". National Hockey League. Retrieved July 11, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Did NHL Shop Reveal Ovechkin as Hart Winner?". The Sports Network. June 6, 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-06-10. Retrieved August 4, 2016. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
[show]
v
t
e
Hart Memorial Trophy
National Hockey League Most Valuable Player by the Professional Hockey Writers' Association
1923–24: Nighbor
1924–25: Burch
1925–26: Stewart
1926–27: Gardiner
1927–28: Morenz
1928–29: Worters
1929–30: Stewart
1930–31: Morenz
1931–32: Morenz
1932–33: Shore
1933–34: Joliat
1934–35: Shore
1935–36: Shore
1936–37: Siebert
1937–38: Shore
1938–39: Blake
1939–40: Goodfellow
1940–41: Cowley
1941–42: Anderson
1942–43: Cowley
1943–44: Pratt
1944–45: Lach
1945–46: Bentley
1946–47: Richard
1947–48: O'Connor
1948–49: Abel
1949–50: Rayner
1950–51: Schmidt
1951–52: Howe
1952–53: Howe
1953–54: Rollins
1954–55: Kennedy
1955–56: Beliveau
1956–57: Howe
1957–58: Howe
1958–59: Bathgate
1959–60: Howe
1960–61: Geoffrion
1961–62: Plante
1962–63: Howe
1963–64: Beliveau
1964–65: Bo. Hull
1965–66: Bo. Hull
1966–67: Mikita
1967–68: Mikita
1968–69: Esposito
1969–70: Orr
1970–71: Orr
1971–72: Orr
1972–73: Clarke
1973–74: Esposito
1974–75: Clarke
1975–76: Clarke
1976–77: Lafleur
1977–78: Lafleur
1978–79: Trottier
1979–80: Gretzky
1980–81: Gretzky
1981–82: Gretzky
1982–83: Gretzky
1983–84: Gretzky
1984–85: Gretzky
1985–86: Gretzky
1986–87: Gretzky
1987–88: Lemieux
1988–89: Gretzky
1989–90: Messier
1990–91: Br. Hull
1991–92: Messier
1992–93: Lemieux
1993–94: Fedorov
1994–95: Lindros
1995–96: Lemieux
1996–97: Hasek
1997–98: Hasek
1998–99: Jágr
1999–2000: Pronger
2000–01: Sakic
2001–02: Théodore
2002–03: Forsberg
2003–04: St. Louis
2004–05: –
2005–06: Thornton
2006–07: Crosby
2007–08: Ovechkin
2008–09: Ovechkin
2009–10: Sedin
2010–11: Perry
2011–12: Malkin
2012–13: Ovechkin
2013–14: Crosby
2014–15: Price
2015–16: Kane
[show]
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Robb Stark
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Robb Stark
A Song of Ice and Fire character
Game of Thrones character
Richard Madden as Robb Stark
First appearance
Novel:
A Game of Thrones (1996)
Television:
"Winter Is Coming" (2011)
Last appearance
Novel:
A Storm of Swords (2000)
Television:
"The Rains of Castamere" (2013)
Created by
George R. R. Martin
Portrayed by
Richard Madden
(Game of Thrones)
Information
Aliases
The Young Wolf
Robb the Lord
The Wolfling
The Pup
The Boy Wolf
The King Who Lost the North
Gender
Male
Title
Lord of Winterfell
King in the North
King of the Trident
Family
House Stark
Spouse(s)
Jeyne Westerling (books)
Talisa Maegyr (TV series)
Relatives
Ned Stark (father)
Catelyn Tully (mother)
Sansa Stark (sister)
Arya Stark (sister)
Bran Stark (brother)
Rickon Stark (brother)
Jon Snow (half-brother; books)
(cousin/adoptive brother; TV series)
Brandon Stark (uncle)
Benjen Stark (uncle)
Lyanna Stark (aunt)
Lysa Tully (aunt)
Edmure Tully (uncle)
Robert/Robin Arryn (cousin)
Kingdom
The North
Robb Stark is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television adaptation Game of Thrones.
Introduced in 1996's A Game of Thrones, Robb is the eldest child and son of Eddard Stark, the honorable lord of Winterfell, an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent Westeros. He subsequently appeared in Martin's A Clash of Kings (1998) and A Storm of Swords (2000).
Robb is portrayed by Scottish actor Richard Madden in the HBO television adaptation.[1][2][3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Character description
2 Development, overview and reception
3 Storylines
3.1 A Game of Thrones
3.2 A Clash of Kings
3.3 A Storm of Swords
3.4 Family tree of House Stark
4 TV adaptation
4.1 Storylines
5 In other media
6 References
Character description[edit]
Robb is fourteen years old at the beginning of A Game of Thrones (1996). He is the eldest son of Eddard "Ned" Stark and his wife Catelyn, and has five siblings: Sansa, Arya, Bran, Rickon, and the illegitimate half-brother Jon Snow. Robb is constantly accompanied by his direwolf, Grey Wind.
Robb is the eldest legitimate son of Lord Eddard Stark, and heir to Winterfell. When Lord Eddard relocates to King's Landing to become the King's Hand, Robb remains at Winterfell to rule in his father's stead. When Eddard is beheaded by Ser Ilyn Payne, Robb is declared King in the North by his bannermen rather than swear fealty to the Lannister king, Joffrey Baratheon, drawing the lords of the North and of the Riverlands to his cause. Despite displaying a proficiency in military tactics in his victories against the Lannisters, he makes numerous political and strategic errors, culminating into his betrayal and murder by disgruntled allies Walder Frey and Roose Bolton, all under discreet command of Tywin Lannister at the wedding of his uncle, Edmure Tully, to Frey's daughter Roslin.
Development, overview and reception[edit]
Robb Stark is not a point of view character in the novels, so his actions are witnessed and interpreted through the eyes of other people, such as his mother and Theon Greyjoy. Robb is mostly a background character in the novels.[4]
James Poniewozik of Time describes Robb as less eager to seek retaliation than his father Eddard Stark but also as more pragmatic.[5][6] His overview of the television version of Robb focuses on his role as a foil for Eddard:
Robb has risen to take his father’s place, as a lord of Winterfell and as a focal character in the show. We never saw what kind of warrior Ned was in the field, but in King’s Landing, he fought a straight-ahead battle, telegraphing his moves, and died for it. Robb, seeing the Lannisters' numbers, shows himself capable of feints and deceptions—albeit at the cost of 2,000 men and the guilt of having sent them on a suicide mission.[7]
In the third novel, A Storm of Swords, Robb Stark is assassinated in an event called the Red Wedding, which was inspired by the Black Dinner and Glencoe Massacre from Scottish history.[8] George Martin has said that he decided to kill Robb Stark because he wished to keep the story difficult to predict: "I killed Ned because everybody thinks he’s the hero ... The next predictable thing is to think his eldest son is going to rise up and avenge his father. And everybody is going to expect that. So immediately [killing Robb] became the next thing I had to do."[8]
In their 2015 book, Game of Thrones and Business, Tim Phillips and Rebecca Claire agree:
But the Internet-crashing shock wasn't fundamentally about death. There's loads of that on TV. What really made this stand out was that it broke the rules – the story just wasn't supposed to go this way. We'd invested in the revenge story of Robb Stark and his family who, in Hollywood narrative terms, should clearly win the war against the Lannisters because that's the way things are done in fairy stories.[9]
The Scottish actor Richard Madden has received positive reviews for his role as Robb Stark in the TV series.[10]
Storylines[edit]
Coat of arms of House Stark
A Game of Thrones[edit]
When his father leaves for King's Landing to be made King Robert Baratheon's Hand, Robb becomes acting Lord of Winterfell. After his father's arrest for presumed treason, he marches south with an army in attempt to free his father. To secure passage through the Green Fork at the vital crossing of the Twins, Robb consents to the marriage to one of Walder Frey's daughters or granddaughters negotiated by his mother Lady Catelyn Tully. After crossing the river, he surprises and destroys the Lannister army besieging Riverrun, capturing Jaime Lannister in the process. Upon hearing of his father's execution at King's Landing, Robb is crowned the King in the North by his bannermen, and the Riverlands lords also swear loyalty to him.
A Clash of Kings[edit]
Robb continues to win victories against the Lannister army, and earns the nickname "Young Wolf" for his ferocity in battle. He sends his mother Lady Catelyn to negotiate an alliance with Renly Baratheon, but Renly is assassinated by his brother Stannis Baratheon with blood magic from the red priestess Melisandre. As Stannis and the Starks still share a common enemy, Robb invades the Westerlands in order to strategically assist Stannis's campaign against the Lannisters. He also sends Theon Greyjoy to Pyke in hope to win the alliance of Theon's father Balon Greyjoy, ruler of the Iron Islands. However Balon decides to take advantage and attack the North instead. Theon joins his father and seizes Winterfell by surprise, where he is believed to have murdered Robb's youngest siblings Bran and Rickon, though in reality they have escaped and gone into hiding.
A Storm of Swords[edit]
During one of his assaults in the Westerlands, Robb is wounded, at the same time learns the news of his brothers' apparent murder. Falling ill due to mourning and injury, he falls in love with the noble maiden in charge of nursing him, Jeyne Westerling, taking her virginity. To preserve Jeyne's honor, Robb marries her, rescinding the previous marriage arrangement with House Frey, causing the Freys to desert his army. Meanwhile, Stannis Baratheon, who has suffered a major defeat at the Battle of Blackwater, is urged by Melisandre to use blood magic with leeches to curse the three rival kings Joffrey, Robb and Balon.
After Stannis's defeat at the Blackwater, Robb withdraws from the Westerlands and returns to Riverrun to attend the funeral of his grandfather Lord Hoster Tully. Upon returning, Robb learns that his mother Lady Catelyn has secretly released the prisoner Jaime Lannister in the hope of exchanging her hostage daughter Sansa in King's Landing. This leads to the mutiny of Lord Rickard Karstark, whose two sons were slain by Jaime during the Battle of Whispering Woods, forcing Robb to execute Lord Rickard and losing the Karstark support. As the war situation is looking bad, Robb tries to repair the alliance with the Freys, by bargaining his uncle Edmure Tully to marry Roslin Frey, hence rebuilding the marriage alliance. The Freys then demand that Robb personally attend the wedding at the Twins as a gesture of apology.
On their way to the Twins, Robb learns that Balon Greyjoy has accidentally died, and the ironborn commanders are returning to the Iron Islands to attend Kingsmoot. He decided to lead his army to retake the North immediately after the wedding is complete. He soon learns that his sister Sansa has been forcibly married off to Tyrion Lannister. To prevent the Lannisters from claiming Winterfell through Sansa's child by Tyrion, against the opposition of his mother Catelyn, Robb disinherits Sansa and signs a decree legitimizing his half-brother Jon Snow as his heir if he happens to die with no children, and requests the Night's Watch release Jon from service. He then entrusts the decree to Lord Galbart Glover and Lady Maege Mormont, sending them to secretly sail up the Neck seeking contact with Howland Reed, Lord of Greywater Watch, so he can launch a coordinated attack to recapture the strategically crucial Moat Cailin. However at the Twins, the Northern convoy, who are unarmed in attendance to the wedding, are betrayed and massacred by the Freys during the wedding feast in an event known as the "Red Wedding". Robb is personally murdered by his chief vassal lord Roose Bolton, who has also secretly defected to the Lannisters and rewarded with the title of the Warden of the North.
Family tree of House Stark[edit]
[hide]
v
t
e
Descendants of Rickard Stark
Rickard[a] Lyarra[b]
Brandon[a] Catelyn
Tully[c] Eddard[a] Lyanna[a][d] Benjen[a]
Robb[c] Jeyne
Westerling[e] Sansa[c] Tyrion
Lannister[f] Arya[c] Brandon[c] Rickon[c] Jon
Snow[c][d]
Notes:
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Martin, George R. R. (1996). "Chapter 4: Eddard". A Game of Thrones. pp. 36–45. ISBN 978-0-553-89784-5.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R.; García Jr., Elio M.; Antonsson, Linda (2014). "Appendix: Stark Lineage". The World of Ice & Fire. ISBN 978-0-553-80544-4.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Martin. "Appendix: House Stark". A Game of Thrones. pp. 785–786.
^ Jump up to: a b In the TV series Game of Thrones, Jon is the son of Rhaegar Targaryen and Lyanna
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 14: Catelyn". A Storm of Swords. pp. 192–193. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.
Jump up ^ Martin, George R. R. (2000). "Chapter 28: Sansa". A Storm of Swords. pp. 382–393. ISBN 978-0-553-89787-6.
TV adaptation[edit]
Richard Madden plays the role of Robb Stark in the television series.
Robb Stark is played by Richard Madden in the television adaption of the series of books.[11] There are some slight differences between the TV portrayal and the book version of Robb. Due to the child characters' ages being increased, Robb's age is changed from 14 to 17 years old at the start of the series. Instead of marrying Jeyne Westering (as in the novels), he marries a healer from Volantis named Talisa Maegyr, who is also killed during the Red Wedding. And while Robb is a background character in the books, not having any chapters told from his perspective, he is listed ahead of Michelle Fairley, who plays POV character Catelyn Stark in the books, in the opening credits of many episodes, and we see the Stark's storyline in Seasons 2 and 3 revolve more around Robb in the viewers' eyes as opposed to the readers'.
James Poniewozik comments on Madden's performance in "The Pointy End" in Time, saying "both the script and Richard Madden show in deft, quick strokes how the crisis focuses him. (This is another case where having a live actor does a better job of showing a transition that seemed more abrupt in the book.)"[6]
Madden said that he learned that the character would be killed off early on but otherwise read the books season by season, focusing primarily on the scripts: "I'm, as an actor, forced to bend the path I put Robb on and change it and keep the surprises coming. Hopefully, I managed to do that."[12]
Storylines[edit]
Robb Stark is the eldest son of Eddard and Catelyn Stark and the heir to Winterfell. His dire wolf is called Grey Wind. Robb becomes involved in the war against the Lannisters after his father, Ned Stark, is arrested for treason. Robb summons his bannermen for war against House Lannister and marches to the Riverlands. Eventually, crossing the river at the Twins becomes strategically necessary. To win permission to cross, Robb agrees to marry a daughter of Walder Frey, Lord of the Twins. Robb leads the war effort against the Lannisters and successfully captures Jaime. After Ned is executed, the North and the Riverlands declare their independence from the Seven Kingdoms and proclaim Robb as their new King, "The King in the North".
He wins a succession of battles in Season 2, earning him the nickname the Young Wolf. However, he feels that he botched the political aspects of war. He sends Theon to the Iron Islands hoping that he can broker an alliance with Balon Greyjoy, Theon's father. In exchange for Greyjoy support, Robb as King in the North will recognize the Iron Islands' independence. He also sends his mother Catelyn to deal with Stannis Baratheon and Renly Baratheon, both of whom are fighting to be the rightful king. Theon and Catelyn fail in their missions, and Balon launches an invasion of the North. Robb falls in love with Talisa Maegyr, a healer from Volantis due to her kindness and spirit. Despite his mother's protest, Robb breaks his engagement with the Freys and marries Talisa in the 2nd-season finale. On news of his grandfather, Lord Hoster Tully's, death, Robb and his party travel north to Riverrun for the funeral, where the young king is reunited with his great-uncle, Brynden Blackfish, and his uncle, Edmure Tully, the new lord of Riverrun. While at Riverrun, Robb makes the decision to execute Lord Rickard Karstark for the murders of two teenage squires related to the Lannisters, a decision that loses the support of the Karstarks and leads Robb to make the ultimately fatal decision to ask the Freys for their alliance. He is killed in the Red Wedding Massacre, after witnessing the murder of his pregnant wife and their unborn child. Lord Bolton personally executes Robb, stabbing him through the heart while taunting that "the Lannisters send their regards", in fact a promise made to Jaime (who had no knowledge of Bolton's impending treason) when leaving for the Twins. His corpse is later decapitated and Grey Wind's head is sewn on and paraded around as the Stark forces are slaughtered by the Freys and the Boltons. Though House Stark is stripped of all lands and titles by House Lannister as a result of Robb's death and his ultimately failed rebellion against the Iron Throne, he and his mother are later avenged in Season 6 and the first episode of Season 7 when his half-brother Jon Snow and sister Sansa Stark successfully overthrow House Bolton and retake Winterfell and Jon is crowned the King in the North by the remaining Northern lords, wildlings, and Knights of the Vale, restoring Stark rule in the North in the process, while his youngest sister Arya Stark returns to Westeros, murders Walder Frey, and later uses his face to disguise herself as him to poison all his sons and male descendants at the Twins, ultimately avenging the Red Wedding and exterminating House Frey.
In other media[edit]
In his article "The War in Westeros and Just War Theory," Richard H. Corrigan uses Robb to illustrate the concepts of just cause and right intention in the decision to go to war: "Robb is not only fighting this war to ensure that his fellow Northerners have a just king [Robb's cause]. He is also doing it to avenge his father, Ned, and to recover his sisters Arya and Sansa [Robb's intention]." Corrigan speculates that Robb may be suffering from cognitive dissonance and says that, ethically, once Robb has achieved his cause, he is obligated to cease fighting even if he has not yet avenged his family.[13]
Robb's decision to renege on his promise to marry one of Walder Frey's daughters features heavily in the fifth chapter of Tim Phillips and Rebecca Clare's Game of Thrones and Business, "Keep Your Word: Robb Stark discovers too late the dangers of broken promises in business deals."[9]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Game of Thrones Cast and Crew: Robb Stark played by Richard Madden". HBO. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Official Website for the HBO Series Game of Thrones - Season 4". HBO.
Jump up ^ "From HBO". Archived from the original on 2016-03-07.
Jump up ^ "Game of Thrones Viewer's Guide".
Jump up ^ Poniewozik, James (May 23, 2011). "Game of Thrones Watch: Talk to the Hand". Time. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Poniewozik, James (June 6, 2011). "Game of Thrones Watch: the Quality of Mercy". Time. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Poniewozik, James (June 13, 2011). "Game of Thrones Watch: The Unkindest Cut". Time. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Hibberd, James (June 2, 2013). "'Game of Thrones' author George R.R. Martin: Why he wrote The Red Wedding". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Phillips, Tim; Clare, Rebecca (2015). Game of Thrones and Business: Strategy, morality and leadership lessons from the world’s most talked about TV show. Infinite Ideas. ISBN 1909652938.
Jump up ^ "Robb Stark shocker: 'Game of Thrones' actor talks heart-breaking twist". Entertainment Weekly.
Jump up ^ "'Game of Thrones' Q&A: Richard Madden on Robb Stark's Endgame". Rolling Stone.
Jump up ^ Maureen Ryan (February 7, 2013). "'Game of Thrones' Robb Stark Speaks: Richard Madden Addresses Shocking Developments". Huffingtonpost.com. Retrieved February 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Corrigan, Richard H. (2012), "The War in Westeros and Just War Theory", in Jacoby, Henry, Game of Thrones and Philosophy: Logic Cuts Deeper than Swords, Blackwell Philosophy and Pop Culture series, 65, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 1118206053, retrieved February 7, 2016
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