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Religion and health
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Scholarly studies have investigated the effects of religion on health. The World Health Organization (WHO) discerns four dimensions of health, namely physical, social, mental, and spirirtual health. Having a religious belief may have both positive and negative impacts on health and morbidity.
Contents
1 Religion and spirituality
2 Scientific research
3 Dimensions of health
3.1 Physical health
3.1.1 Positive effects
3.1.2 Church attendance
3.1.3 Death rates
3.1.4 Infections
3.1.5 Prayer
3.2 Mental health
3.2.1 Depression
3.2.2 Schizophrenia and Psychosis
3.2.3 Life satisfaction
3.2.4 Coping with trauma
3.3 Social health
3.4 Spiritual health
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Religion and spirituality[edit]
Spirituality has been ascribed many different definitions in different contexts, but a general definition is: an individual’s search for meaning and purpose in life. Spirituality is distinct from organized religion in that spirituality does not necessarily need a religious framework. That is, one does not necessarily need to follow certain rules, guidelines or practices to be spiritual, but an organized religion often has some combination of these in place. Some people who suffer from severe mental disorders may find comfort in religion.[1] People who report themselves to be spiritual people may not observe any specific religious practices or traditions.[2]
Scientific research[edit]
More than 3000 empirical studies have examined relationships between religion and health, including more than 1200 in the 20th century,[3] and more than 2000 additional studies between 2000 and 2009.[4] Various other reviews of the religion/spirituality and health literature have been published. These include two reviews[5][6] from an NIH-organized expert panel that appeared in a 4-article special section of American Psychologist.[7]
Several chapters in edited academic books have also reviewed the empirical literature.[8]
Dimensions of health[edit]
The World Health Organization (WHO) discerns four dimensions of health, namely physical, social, mental, and spirirtual health.
Physical health[edit]
Positive effects[edit]
According to Ellison & Levin (1998), some studies indicate that religiosity appears to positively correlate with physical health.[9] For instance, mortality rates are lower among people who frequently attend religious events and consider themselves both religious and spiritual.[10] Accoridng to Seybold & Hill (2001), almost all studies involved in the effect of religion on a person's physical health have revealed it has a positive attribution to their lifestyle. These studies have been carried out among all ages,genders and religions. These are based on the experience of religion is positive in itself.[11]
One possibility is that religion provides physical health benefits indirectly. Church attendees present with lower rates of alcohol consumption and improvement in mood, which is associated with better physical health.[12] Kenneth Pargament is a major contributor to the theory of how individuals may use religion as a resource in coping with stress, His work seems to show the influence of attribution theory. Additional evidence suggests that this relationship between religion and physical health may be causal.[13] Religion may reduce likelihood of certain diseases. Studies suggest that it guards against cardiovascular disease by reducing blood pressure, and also improves immune system functioning.[14] Similar studies have been done investigating religious emotions and health. Although religious emotions, such as humility, forgiveness, and gratitude confer health benefits, it is unclear if religious people cultivate and experience those emotions more frequently than non-religious peoples.[15]
Church attendance[edit]
Church attendance has been found to increase life expectancy (Hummer et al. 1999) with a life expectancy at age 20 of 83 years for frequent attendees and 75 years for non-attendees. The finding, however, does not prove that religion in itself increases life expectancy.
Death rates[edit]
Kark et. (1996) included almost 4,000 Israelis, over 16 years (beginning in 1970), death rates were compared between the experimental group (people belonging to 11 religious kibbutzim) versus the control group (people belonging to secular kibbutzim). Some determining factors for the groups included the date the kibbutz was created, geography of the different groups, and the similarity in age. It was determined that “belonging to a religious collective was associated with a strong protective effect".[16] Not only do religious people tend to exhibit healthier lifestyles, they also have a strong support system that secular people would not normally have. A religious community can provide support especially through a stressful life event such as the death of a loved one or illness. There is the belief that a higher power will provide healing and strength through the rough times which also can explain the lower mortality rate of religious people vs. secular people.
The existence of ‘religious struggle’ in elderly patients was predictive of greater risk of mortality in a study by Pargament et al. (2001). Results indicate that patients, with a previously sound religious life, experienced a 19% to 28% greater mortality due to the belief that God was supposedly punishing them or abandoning them.
Infections[edit]
A number of religious practices have been reported to cause infections. These happened during an ultra-orthodox Jewish circumcisions practice known as metzitzah b'peh, the ritual 'side roll' in Hinduism,[note 1] the Christian communion chalice, during the Islamic Hajj and after the Muslim ritual ablution.[17][18]
Prayer[edit]
Main article: Studies on intercessory prayer
Some religions claim that praying for somebody who is sick can have positive effects on the health of the person being prayed for. Meta-studies of the literature in the field have been performed showing evidence only for no effect or a potentially small effect. For instance, a 2006 meta analysis on 14 studies concluded that there is "no discernible effect" while a 2007 systemic review of intercessory prayer reported inconclusive results, noting that 7 of 17 studies had "small, but significant, effect sizes" but the review noted that the most methodologically rigorous studies failed to produce significant findings.[19][20]
Randomized controlled trials of intercessory prayer have not yielded significant effects on health. These trials have compared personal, focused, committed and organized intercessory prayer with those interceding holding some belief that they are praying to God or a god versus any other intervention. A Cochrane collaboration review of these trials concluded that 1) results were equivocal, 2) evidence does not support a recommendation either in favor or against the use of intercessory prayer and 3) any resources available for future trials should be used to investigate other questions in health research.[21] In a case-control study done following 5,286 Californians over a 28-year period in which variables were controlled for (i.e. age, race/ethnicity, gender, education level), participants who went to church on a frequent basis (defined as attending a religious service once a week or more) were 36% less likely to die during that period.[22] However, this can be partly be attributed to a better lifestyle since religious people tend to drink and smoke less and eat a healthier diet.
Mental health[edit]
Evidence suggests that religiosity can be a pathway to both mental health and mental disorder. For example, religiosity is positively associated with mental disorders that involve an excessive amount of self-control and negatively associated with mental disorders that involve a lack of self-control.[23] Other studies have found indications of mental health among both the religious and the secular. For instance, Vilchinsky & Kravetz found negative correlations with psychological distress among religious and secular subgroups of Jewish students.[24] In addition, intrinsic religiosity has been inversely related to depression in the elderly, while extrinsic religiosity has no relation or even a slight positive relation to depression.[25][26] Religiosity has been found to mitigate the negative impact of injustice and income inequality on life satisfaction.[27][28]
The link between religion and mental health may be due to the guiding framework or social support that it offers to individuals.[29] By these routes, religion has the potential to offer security and significance in life, as well as valuable human relationships, to foster mental health. Some theorists have suggested that the benefits of religion and religiosity are accounted for by the social support afforded by membership in a religious group.[30]
Religion may also provide coping skills to deal with stressors, or demands perceived as straining.[31] Pargament’s three primary styles of religious coping are 1) self-directing, characterized by self-reliance and acknowledgement of God, 2) deferring, in which a person passively attributes responsibility to God, and 3) collaborative, which involves an active partnership between the individual and God and is most commonly associated with positive adjustment.[32][33] This model of religious coping has been criticized for its over-simplicity and failure to take into account other factors, such as level of religiosity, specific religion, and type of stressor.[34] Additional work by Pargament involves a detailed delineation of positive and negative forms of religious coping, captured in the BREIF-RCOPE questionnaire which have been linked to a range of positive and negative psychological outcomes.[35][36]
Depression[edit]
Studies have shown a negative relationship between spiritual well-being and depressive symptoms. In one study, those who were assessed to have a higher spiritual quality of life on a spiritual well-being scale had less depressive symptoms.[37] Cancer and AIDS patients who were more spiritual had lower depressive symptoms than religious patients. Spirituality shows beneficial effects possibly because it speaks to one’s ability to intrinsically find meaning in life, strength, and inner peace, which is especially important for very ill patients.[2]
Exline et al. 1999 showed that the difficulty in forgiving God and alienation from God were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. Among those who currently believed in God, forgiving God for a specific, unfortunate incident predicted lower levels of anxious and depressed mood.
Schizophrenia and Psychosis[edit]
Studies have reported beneficial effects of spirituality on the lives of patients with schizophrenia, major depression, and other psychotic disorders. Schizophrenic patients were less likely to be re-hospitalized if families encouraged religious practice, and in depressed patients who underwent religiously based interventions, their symptoms improved faster than those who underwent secular interventions. Furthermore, a few cross-sectional studies have shown that more religiously involved people had less instance of psychosis.[38]
Life satisfaction[edit]
Research shows that religiosity moderates the relationship between “thinking about meaning of life” and life satisfaction. For individuals scoring low and moderately on religiosity, thinking about the meaning of life is negatively correlated with life satisfaction. For people scoring highly on religiosity, however, this relationship is positive.[31] Religiosity has also been found to moderate the relationship between negative affect and life satisfaction, such that life satisfaction is less strongly influenced by the frequency of negative emotions in more religious (vs less religious) individuals.[39]
Coping with trauma[edit]
Main article: Religion and coping with trauma
One of the most common ways that people cope with trauma is through the comfort found in religious or spiritual practices.[40] Psychologists of religion have performed multiple studies to measure the positive and negative effects of this coping style.[41] Leading researchers have split religious coping into two categories: positive religious coping and negative religious coping. Individuals who use positive religious coping are likely to seek spiritual support and look for meaning in a traumatic situation. Negative religious coping (or spiritual struggles) expresses conflict, question, and doubt regarding issues of God and faith.
The effects of religious coping are measured in many different circumstances, each with different outcomes. Some common experiences where people use religious coping are fear-inflicting events such as 9/11 or the holocaust, death and sickness, and near death experiences. Research also shows that people also use religious coping to deal with everyday stressors in addition to life-changing traumas. The underlying assumption of the ability of religion to influence the coping process lies in the hypothesis that religion is more than a defence mechanism as it was viewed by Sigmund Freud. Rather than inspiring denial, religion stimulates reinterpretations of negative events through the sacred lens.[42]
Social health[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2017)
Spiritual health[edit]
Spiritual Health is one of four dimensions to well-being as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), which include physical, social, and mental.
The preamble to Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted by the International Health Conference held in New York from 19 June to 22 July 1946 and signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States[43] defined health as a state of "physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity"[44] and it has not been amended.
However, in 1983 twenty-two WHO member countries from the Eastern Mediterranean Region proposed a draft resolution to this preamble to include reference to spiritual health, such that it would redefine health as a state of "physical, mental, spiritual and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity".[45]
Whilst WHO did not amend the preamble to its constitution, resolution WHA31.13 passed by the Thirty-seventh World Health Assembly, in 1984[46] called upon Member States to consider including in their Health For All strategies a spiritual dimension as defined in that resolution in accordance with their own social and cultural patterns [47] recognizing that "the spiritual dimension plays a great role in motivating people's achievements in all aspects of life".[48]
The complete description of the spiritual dimension as articulated by the Health Assembly is as follows:
The spiritual dimension is understood to imply a phenomenon that is not material in nature, but belongs to the realm of ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that have arisen in the minds and conscience of human beings, particularly ennobling ideas. Ennobling ideas have given rise to health ideals, which have led to a practical strategy for Health for All that aims at attaining a goal that has both a material and non-material component. If the material component of the strategy can be provided to people, the non-material or spiritual one is something that has to arise within people and communities in keeping with their social and cultural patterns. The spiritual dimension plays a great role in motivating people’s achievement in all aspects of life.[49]
Since the inclusion of spiritual health within WHO's purview, a number of other significant organizations have also attended to spirituality and incorporated reference to it in key documents, including the United Nations action plan Agenda 21[50] which recognizes the right of individuals to "healthy physical, mental, and spiritual development".[51]
See also[edit]
General
Psychology of religion: religion and health
Well-being contributing factors: religion and spirituality
Spiritual care in health care professions
Topical (health)
Abortion
Disability
Divorce
HIV/AIDS
Homelessness
Vaccination
Topical (religion)
Drugs
Happiness
Health deities
Suicide
Books
Handbook of Religion and Health
Multidimensional Measurement of Religiousness/Spirituality (book)
Psychology of Religion and Coping (book)
Faith and Health: Psychological Perspectives
Journals
Journal of Religion & Health
Mental Health, Religion & Culture
Spirituality in Clinical Practice
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ The ‘side roll’ is a ritual performed during a Hindu festival in which large numbers of male devotees lie prostrate on the ground and roll sideways around the temple premises in fulfilment of vows taken at the temple. Because the men’s upper bodies are usually bare during this ritual, their skin comes into contact with the parasitic larvae that infest the soil or sand on the ground, resulting in the Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) skin disease.
References[edit]
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^ Jump up to: a b Nelson, C.J., Rosenfeld, B., Breitbart, W., Galietta, M. (2002). Spirituality, religion, and depression in the terminally ill 43. Psychosomatics. pp. 213–220.
Jump up ^ Koenig, Harold G.; McCullough, Michael E.; Larson, David B. (2001). Handbook of Religion and Health (1st ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-511866-7. OCLC 468554547.
Jump up ^ Koenig, Harold G.; King, Dana E.; Carson, Verna Benner (2012). Handbook of Religion and Health (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195335958. OCLC 691927968.
Jump up ^ Powell, Lynda H.; Shahabi, Leila; Thoresen, Carl E. (2003). "Religion and spirituality: Linkages to physical health". American Psychologist. 58 (1): 36–52. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.404.4403. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.36. PMID 12674817.
Jump up ^ Seeman, Teresa E.; Dubin, Linda Fagan; Seeman, Melvin (2003). "Religiosity/spirituality and health: A critical review of the evidence for biological pathways". American Psychologist. 58 (1): 53–63. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.53.
Jump up ^ Miller, William R.; Thoresen, Carl E. (2003). "Spirituality, religion, and health: An emerging research field". American Psychologist. 58 (1): 24–35. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.58.1.24. PMID 12674816.
Jump up ^ Doug Oman & Carl E. Thoresen (2005), "Do religion and spirituality influence health?" In: Paloutzian, Raymond F.; Park, Crystal L. (Eds.) (2005). Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality (1st ed.). New York: Guilford Press. pp. 435–459. ISBN 978-1572309227. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
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Jump up ^ Masters, K.; Spielmans, G.; Goodson, J. (Aug 2006). "Are there demonstrable effects of distant intercessory prayer? A meta-analytic review". Annals of Behavioral Medicine. 32 (1): 21–6. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.599.3036. doi:10.1207/s15324796abm3201_3. PMID 16827626.
Jump up ^ David R. Hodge, "A Systematic Review of the Empirical Literature on Intercessory Prayer" in Research on Social Work Practice March 2007 vol. 17 no. 2 174-187 doi:10.1177/1049731506296170 Article abstract Archived 2011-12-02 at the Wayback Machine. Full length article
Jump up ^ Roberts L, Ahmed I, Hall S, Davison A (2009). "Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2): CD000368. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000368.pub3. PMID 19370557.
Jump up ^ Strawbridge WJ, Cohen RD, Shema SJ, Kaplan GA (June 1997). "Frequent attendance at religious services and mortality over 28 years". American Journal of Public Health. 87 (6): 957–61. doi:10.2105/ajph.87.6.957. PMC 1380930. PMID 9224176.
Jump up ^ Gartner, J., Larson, D. B., Allen, G. D. (1991). "Religious commitment and mental health: A review of the empirical literature". Journal of Psychology & Theology. 19: 6–25. Retrieved 25 April 2010. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Vilchinsky, N, & Kravetz, S. (2005). "How are religious belief and behavior good for you? An investigation of mediators relating religion to mental health in a sample of Israeli Jewish students". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 44 (4): 459–471. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5906.2005.00297.x. Retrieved 25 April 2010. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Fehring, R.J., Miller, J.F., Shaw, C. (1997). "Spiritual well-being, religiosity, hope, depression, and other mood states in elderly people coping with cancer". Oncology Nursing Forum. 24: 663–671. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Nelson, P.B. (1989). "Ethnic differences in intrinsic/extrinsic religious orientation and depression in the elderly". Archives of Psychiatric Nursing.
Jump up ^ Joshanloo, Mohsen; Weijers, Dan (2015-01-06). "Religiosity Reduces the Negative Influence of Injustice on Subjective Well-being: A Study in 121 Nations". Applied Research in Quality of Life. 11 (2): 1–12. doi:10.1007/s11482-014-9384-5. ISSN 1871-2584.
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Jump up ^ Fehring, R.J., Miller, J.F., Shaw, C. (1997). Spiritual well-being, religiosity, hope, depression, and other mood states in elderly people coping with cancer 24. Oncology Nursing Forum. pp. 663–671.
Jump up ^ Koenig, H. G. (2008) Research on religion, spirituality, and mental health: A review. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry.
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Jump up ^ Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2002, 80 (12)
Jump up ^ Preamble to the Constitution of the World Health Organization as adopted by the International Health Conference, New York, 19–22 June 1946; signed on 22 July 1946 by the representatives of 61 States (Official Records of the World Health Organization, no. 2, p. 100) and entered into force on 7 April 1948.
Jump up ^ Review of the Constitution of the World Health Organization: Report of the Executive Board Special Group. 101st Session. Agenda Item 7.3. 22 January 1998. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Jump up ^ Thirty-seventh World Health Assembly, Resolution WHA37.13. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1984. WHO document WHA37/1984/REC/1:6.
Jump up ^ The fourth ten years of the World Health Organization: 1978–1987. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2011.
Jump up ^ Draft Regional Health-for-all Policy and Strategy for the Twenty-First Century. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Forty-fifth Session, Agenda item 15.
Jump up ^ World Health Organization Publication: Year 1991. Issue 9290211407. Chapter 4: The Spiritual Dimension.
Jump up ^ Sitarz, Dan. "Agenda 21: The earth summit strategy to save our planet." (1993).
Jump up ^ Agenda 21. Chapter 6.23. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development. Rio de Janeiro, 1992.
Further reading[edit]
Astin, John A. (1997). Stress Reduction through Mindfulness Meditation: Effects on Psychological Symptomatology, Sense of Control, and Spiritual Experiences
Scott Atran (2003) Genesis of Suicide Terrorism
Exline JJ, Yali AM, Lobel M. When God disappoints: difficulty forgiving God and its role in negative emotion. J Health Psychol. 1999;4:365-379.
Hughes M. Helm, et al. (2000) Does Private Religious Activity Prolong Survival? A Six-Year Follow-up Study of 3,851 Older Adults
R. Hummer, et al. (1999). `Religious involvement and U.S. adult mortality'. Demography 36(2):273-285.
Kark JD, Shemi G, Friedlander Y, Martin O, Manor O, Blondheim SH. (1996) Does religious observance promote health? mortality in secular vs religious kibbutzim in Israel.
Kenneth I. Pargament, PhD; Harold G. Koenig, MD; Nalini Tarakeshwar, MA; June Hahn, PhD. (2001). Religious Struggle as a Predictor of Mortality Among Medically Ill Elderly Patients
External links[edit]
Spiritual health
Agenda 21 Text
World Health Organization Constitution
Easter Mediterranean Region Eastern Mediterranean Region Proposed Amendment to Constitution Preamble
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Lakeland Bus Lines
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Lakeland Bus Lines
Lakeland MCI #8732 stops in Denville.
Slogan
We're Here to Take You There
Founded
1952
Headquarters
425 E. Blackwell St.
Dover, NJ 07801
Locale
Northwestern New Jersey
Service area
Morris and Union Counties, NJ
Service type
Line run and charter services
Routes
5
Fleet
68[1]
Website
Lakeland Bus Lines
Lakeland Bus Lines, Inc is a privately operated charter/commuter bus operation in Dover, New Jersey. Lakeland operates commuter routes from Morris, Sussex, and Essex Counties to New York City.
Contents
[hide]
1 Routes
1.1 Commuter Routes
1.2 Casino Line Service
2 References
3 External links
Routes[edit]
Lakeland Bus Lines provides service along three routes, named for the corridor on which each travels.[2]
Commuter Routes[edit]
Route
Terminal A
Via
Terminal B
46/80 New York Port Authority Bus Terminal Route 46 or 80
CR 513
Route 206 (Newton trips only)
Route 15 (Sparta trips only) Budd Lake
Dover
Roxbury
Newton, or
Sparta
78
(rush hours only, peak direction) New York Port Authority Bus Terminal I-78
CR 512
Route 202 Bernardsville or Bedminster
80
(rush hours only) Midtown Manhattan or Lower Manhattan Wall Street
(service to Midtown Manhattan available only inbound in AM) Route 80
(Midtown trips express to/from Rockaway Townsquare Mall)
(Lower Manhattan Trips express to/from Parsippany and Rockaway Townsquare Mall) Mount Arlington
Casino Line Service[edit]
Lakeland Bus Lines provides service along routes for day or overnight trips to Atlantic City Casinos,[3] Mount Airy Casino Resort in Paradise Township, Pennsylvania,[4] and Sands Casino Resort Bethlehem in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.[5]
Line
Terminal A
Via
Terminal B
Atlantic City (Operates Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays Only) Sparta Jefferson, Rockaway Mall, Parsippany,
Route 280, Garden State Parkway,
Atlantic City Expressway Bally's, or
Harrah's
Mount Airy (Operates Saturdays through Mondays Only) Parsippany Dover, Rockaway Mall, Mount Arlington, Netcong, Hackettstown, Interstate 80 Mount Airy Casino Resort
Sands (Operates Wednesdays and Fridays Only) Parsippany Dover, Rockaway Mall, Mount Arlington, Netcong, Hackettstown, Interstate 80 Sands Casino Resort Bethlehem
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Lakeland SAFERSYS stats
Jump up ^ Lakeland schedules
Jump up ^ Lakeland schedules for Atlantic City
Jump up ^ Mount Airy Casino Resort Schedule
Jump up ^ Sands Casino Resort Bethlehem Schedule
External links[edit]
Lakeland Bus Lines website
Fan Page
[hide]
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text:
Brenton Wood
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Brenton Wood
Background information
Birth name
Alfred Jesse Smith
Born
(1941-07-26) July 26, 1941 (age 76)
Origin
Shreveport, Louisiana
Genres
Soul, R&B, pop
Occupation(s)
Singer-songwriter
Instruments
Vocals, Keyboards
Brenton Wood (born Alfred Jesse Smith, July 26, 1941, Shreveport, Louisiana)[1] is an American singer and songwriter known for his two 1967 hit singles, "The Oogum Boogum Song" and "Gimme Little Sign".
Contents
[hide]
1 Career
2 Cover versions
3 Discography
3.1 Albums
3.2 Chart singles
4 Filmography
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Career[edit]
The family moved to San Pedro in Los Angeles, California when Wood was a child. He attended San Pedro High School for part of his freshman year before moving to Compton, where Brenton became a member of the Compton High School track team and received several awards for his athletic achievements.
Following his high school graduation, Wood enrolled in East Los Angeles College. Soon after, he took the stage name Brenton Wood, possibly inspired by the wealthy Los Angeles enclave of Brentwood (some sources state that the name is in honor of his "home county"), with a second possible connection of Bretton Woods. During this period, his musical interests began to manifest themselves. He was inspired by Jesse Belvin and Sam Cooke, and he began cultivating his songwriting skills, also becoming a competent pianist.[1]
Early singles for Brent Records and Wand Records failed to chart. Wood signed with Double Shot Records, and his "The Oogum Boogum Song" reached #19 on the US Billboard R&B chart and #34 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the spring of 1967. In Southern California, "The Oogum Boogum Song" hit the top 10 on KGB-FM and #1 on KHJ. Wood's biggest hit came a few months later, as "Gimme Little Sign" hit #9 on the pop chart, #19 on the R&B charts, #2 on KHJ, and #8 in the UK Singles Chart;[2] sold over one million copies; and was awarded a gold disc.[1] The title is not actually sung in the song; the chorus instead repeats "Give Me Some Kind of Sign." Wood's "Baby You Got It" peaked at #34 on the Hot 100 during the last week of 1967 and #3 on KHJ on 31 January 1968.
A true music entrepreneur in 1972 he formed his own record label and released, co-produced and co-wrote the Funk Soul classic "Sticky Boom Boom To Cold Part I and II" with collaborators George Semper (co-producer, arranger) and Al McKay (co-writer, performer) of Earth, Wind, and Fire fame.[3] Wood recorded a duet with Shirley Goodman. His next song to reach the charts was "Come Softly to Me" in 1977.
He returned again in 1986 with the album Out of the Woodwork,[4] which included contemporary re-recordings of his early hits, along with several new tracks, including the single, "Soothe Me."[5]His album This Love Is for Real came out in 2001. Among his later appearances was in 2006 on the Los Angeles public access program Thee Mr. Duran Show, where Wood and his band performed several of his hit singles.[6]
Recently, in 2014, he partnered with William Pilgrim & The All Grows Up for a remake of the song "Gimme Little Sign" on their recently released album, Epic Endings (available on iTunes and Amazon) which came out in August.[7]
Cover versions[edit]
"The Oogum Boogum Song" was covered by Alex Chilton. "Gimme Little Sign" was later covered by Danielle Brisebois, who had a hit with it in 1994. "Gimme Little Sign" was recorded by soul singer Ronnie Jones on his 1978 LP, Me and Myself. It was also recorded by Ricky Nelson. In Singapore, Brown Boys who were from the Philippines, recorded it for release on an EMI single (CHK) in 1968. It was the B-side to "Goin Out Of My Head"/"Can't Take My Eye Off You" medley. The Trailers, who were a Singaporean band also recorded it for release on an RCA EP dubbed their "Soul EP" also in 1968. Los Angeles ska/rocksteady/reggae band, Hepcat, covered "Gimme Little Sign" on their Push 'N Shove album.
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
Studio
Oogum Boogum (1967) - (Double Shot) - Billboard Hot 200 #184[8]
Gimme Little Sign (1967) - (Liberty) - 'U.K. version of Oogum Boogum '
Baby You Got It (1967)
Come Softly (1977) - (Cream)
Out of the Woodwork (1986) - (Golden Oldies)
This Love Is for Real (2001)
Lord Hear My Prayer (2009)
Compilations
Brenton Wood's 18 Best (1991)
18 More of the Best, Vol. 2 (1999)
Better Believe It (2000) - (Demon / Westside)
Chart singles[edit]
"The Oogum Boogum Song" (1967) - U.S. Billboard Hot 100 #34; US R&B #19
"Gimme Little Sign" (1967) - US Billboard Hot 100 #9; US R&B #19; UK Singles Chart #8
"Baby You Got It" (1967) - US Billboard Hot 100 #34; US R&B #30
"Lovey Dovey Kinda Lovin'" (1968) - US Billboard Hot 100 #99
"Come Softly To Me" (1977) - US R&B #92[2][8]
Filmography[edit]
Popdown - (1967) - (Brenton Wood appeared in the movie, alongside Julie Driscoll, Zoot Money, Andy Summers, Don Partridge, and Tony Hicks.[9]
Colors - (1988) - "Oogum Boogum Song" appeared on the soundtrack in the background as gang members are parked under the bridge at 4th and Lorena Streets in Los Angeles.
Beverly Hills, 90210 - (1992) Episode 9 of Season 3 - "Oogum Boogum Song" was used in the background.
Beverly Hills, 90210 - (1994) Episode 28 of Season 4 - "Gimme Little Sign" played in the background as the Beverly Hills High kids are at their favorite malt shop, the Peach Pit.
The Last Days of Disco - (1998) - Wood's "Oogum Boogum Song" (written by Brenton Wood - billed as Alfred Smith) appeared on the soundtrack.
Almost Famous - (2000) - Wood's "Oogum Boogum Song" (written by Brenton Wood - billed as Alfred Smith) appeared on the soundtrack.
Shopgirl - (2005) - "Gimme Little Sign" plays in the film.
Duck Dodgers - (2005) - "Oogum Boogum Song" plays on the radio at the end of the episode "A Lame Duck Mind".
Lymelife - (2009) - "Oogum Boogum Song" appeared on the soundtrack in the bar at one character's going away party
Eastbound and Down - (2010) - Season 2 Episode 5 (Chapter 11) of the HBO series, featured a segment on 4 wheel ATV's in which "Oogum Boogum Song" is played. Episode originally aired on October 24, 2010.
Treme - (2012) - Season 3 Episode 4 of the HBO series,"Oogum Boogum Song" was used in the background.
Devil's Due - (2014) - "I Like the Way You Love Me" is heard in the film and the film ends with "Oogum Boogum Song".
The Shack - (2017) - "Gimme Little Sign" is heard in the film.
See also[edit]
List of performers on Top of the Pops
List of soul musicians
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. p. 233. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
^ Jump up to: a b Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 610. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ "Brenton Wood - Sticky Boom Boom Too Cold". Discogs. Retrieved 2017-04-12.
Jump up ^ "Brenton Wood - Out Of The Woodwork (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2015-08-19.
Jump up ^ "Brenton Wood - Soothe Me / $Cold Cash$ (Vinyl)". Discogs.com. Retrieved 2015-08-19.
Jump up ^ "Thee Mr. Duran Show - Videos - Brenton Wood". Mrduran.com. 2006-06-07. Retrieved 2015-08-19.
Jump up ^ "William Pilgrim & The All Grows Up | The Junction of Americana & 60's Soul". Williampilgrim.com. Retrieved 2015-08-19.
^ Jump up to: a b Stephen Thomas Erlewine (1941-07-26). "Brenton Wood | Awards". AllMusic. Retrieved 2015-08-19.
Jump up ^ "Popdown (1967)". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2015-08-19.
External links[edit]
Brenton Wood biography at Allmusic website
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 36128730
MusicBrainz: bc86d48c-5393-4436-bb5d-2c214d07a676
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brenton_Wood&oldid=786386921"
Categories:
1941 births
Living people
American male singers
Songwriters from Louisiana
Musicians from Shreveport, Louisiana
Musicians from Los Angeles
Musicians from Compton, California
African-American singers
American pop singers
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List of Mike & Molly characters
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Mike & Molly is a sitcom which premiered in September 2010. The show revolves around the lives of Mike Biggs, a police officer, and Molly Flynn, a schoolteacher, who meet at an Overeaters Anonymous meeting and fall in love. The series follows their relationship with each other and their two families.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Main cast
2 Main characters
2.1 Mike Biggs
2.2 Molly Flynn
3 Supporting characters
3.1 Carl McMillan
3.2 Victoria Flynn
3.3 Joyce Flynn
3.4 Samuel
3.5 Vincent Moranto
3.6 Peggy Biggs
3.7 Rosetta McMillan
3.8 Harry
4 Recurring characters
4.1 Christina
4.2 Brother Heywood
4.3 Jack Biggs
4.4 Captain Murphy
5 References
6 External links
Cast[edit]
Starring
Recurring/Guest
No appearances
Character
Season
Season 1
(2010-2011)
Season 2
(2011–2012)
Season 3
(2012–2013)
Season 4
(2013–2014)
Season 5
(2014–2015)
Season 6
(2015–2016)
Main cast[edit]
Mike Biggs
Billy Gardell
Molly Flynn
Melissa McCarthy
Carl McMillan
Reno Wilson
Victoria Flynn
Katy Mixon
Joyce Flynn
Swoosie Kurtz
Samuel
Nyambi Nyambi
Vince Moranto
Louis Mustillo
Peggy Biggs
Rondi Reed
Rosetta McMillan
Cleo King Cleo King
Harry
David Anthony Higgins David Anthony Higgins David Anthony Higgins
Main characters[edit]
Mike Biggs[edit]
Mike Biggs
First appearance
"Pilot"
1x01, September 20th, 2010
Last appearance
"I See Love"
6x13, May 16th, 2016
Portrayed by
Billy Gardell
Information
Gender
Male
Occupation
Police officer
Family
Peggy Biggs (mother)
Jack Biggs (father)
Spouse(s)
Molly Flynn
Children
William Michael Biggs (Adoptive Son)
Unborn Child (Currently Expecting with Molly)
Relatives
Joyce Flynn-Moranto (mother-in-law)
Mr Flynn (father-in-law; deceased)
Victoria Flynn (Sister-in-law)
Vincent Moranto (step-father-in-law)
Religion
Roman Catholic
Nationality
American
Officer Michael "Mike" Biggs (Billy Gardell), is the lead male protagonist of the series. He is introduced in the first episode as a Chicago police officer with weight issues who attends a meeting of Overeaters Anonymous. It is here that he meets Molly Flynn. After Molly asks Mike to come and speak to her class at the school where she works, they begin dating in the second episode. Mike is regularly accompanied by his best friend, Carl McMillan, his partner on the police force, whom he joins for breakfast to chat about the state of their lives at a cafe where their waiter is always Samuel, an African immigrant who likes to make fun of Mike's weight. Mike and Molly got engaged in the season 1 finale, are married in the season 2 finale, and are still trying to conceive their first child as of the Season 4 premiere. In Season 5, though, Mike finds out that Molly went back on birth control without telling him due to the pain and frustration of two years when she was unable to conceive a child, and they resolve to pursue avenues like adoption as they still love each other and want to raise kids.
Molly Flynn[edit]
Molly Flynn-Biggs
First appearance
"Pilot"
1x01, September 20, 2010
Last appearance
"I See Love"
6x13, May 16, 2016
Portrayed by
Melissa McCarthy
Information
Gender
Female
Occupation
4th Grade Schoolteacher (Prior to Season 1-Season 4), Writer (Season 4-Present)
Family
Joyce Flynn-Moranto (mother)
Mr Flynn (father; deceased)
Victoria Flynn (Younger Sister)
Vince Moranto (step-father)
Spouse(s)
Mike Biggs
Children
William Michael Biggs (Adopted Son)
Unborn Child (expecting with Mike)
Relatives
Peggy Biggs (mother-in-law)
Jack Biggs (father-in-law)
Religion
Roman Catholic
Nationality
American
Molly Flynn-Biggs (Melissa McCarthy) is the lead female protagonist of the series. She is a fourth grade school teacher who attends the same Overeaters Anonymous class as Mike. She lives with her mother Joyce and her sister Victoria, while her mother's partner Vince Moranto is often seen at the house. She is very sweet, intelligent and caring, but she can be hypersensitive and has a very bad financial history thanks to a large amount of credit card debt. She and Mike married in the season 2 finale. She and Mike spent two years trying to have a child but put those plans on hold in Season 5. In Season 4, she quits her teaching job to pursue a career as a writer, and in Season 5 she has a huge success when her literary erotica novel is published by a major company. It is later revealed in a session with a psychologist that Mike's stabilizing presence, something she hasn't had since her father died, has allowed Molly to finally feel comfortable taking risks.
Melissa McCarthy won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series in 2011 for her portrayal of Molly Flynn.
Supporting characters[edit]
Carl McMillan[edit]
Carl McMillan
First appearance
"Pilot"
1x01, September 20, 2010
Last appearance
"I See Love"
6x13, May 16, 2016
Information
Gender
Male
Occupation
Police officer
Relatives
Rosetta McMillan (maternal grandmother)
Officer Carlton "Carl" Enoch McMillan (Reno Wilson) is Mike Biggs' best friend/surrogate brother and fellow officer on the police force. He lives with his grandma until the middle of Season 3, as he has not been able or motivated to find his own place. Until the middle of Season 2, he did not have a steady girlfriend, and Mike has frequently alluded to Carl employing prostitutes or having one-night stands with strippers. He is quick-witted with a dry sense of humor, and offers droll remarks on various situations. Carl and Samuel become roommates in Season 3. After a rather depressing break up with his girlfriend Christina (she leaves him for her ex-husband), he goes through a string of random women until towards the end of season 4, when he begins relationship with Molly's sister Victoria. In an episode before the Season 5 finale, this relationship sours when Carl announces to Mike that he plans to propose to Victoria, only to change his mind. Carl then gets angry with Victoria when she is relieved that he didn't propose, and that leads to a spiral in the Season 5 finale where he has broken up with her. He ends up having a huge fight with Mike when he feels like his best friend is siding with Molly's family over him, and this ultimately leads him to request a transfer so he won't have to work with Mike anymore. Eventually they work out their differences, as both of them hate their new partners and Carl defends Mike when the other cops (including several hard-core macho officers whom they both dislike) make fun of him. In the final episode, it's revealed that he and Victoria were secretly fooling around once again, but in a conversation with Peggy he admits that all of the old feelings were resurfacing, hinting that there's a possibility that they might become a couple again.
Victoria Flynn[edit]
Victoria Flynn (Katy Mixon) is Molly's dimwitted but kind, party girl sister who is often high on marijuana. (Policemen Mike and Carl take a "don't tell, we won't ask" attitude about her drug use.) She is employed as a beautician at a funeral home. She likes to have fun and sleeps around, frequently with married men, and her combination of not being particularly bright and being a pothead leads to her often losing or misplacing major items like her car. Harry has an almost obsessive crush on her, and she has on occasion gone on dates with him just to be nice. In Season 3, she starts to realize that Harry is the only man who's ever truly cared for her, and she finally kisses him. In an odd turn of events, he then announces he's gay. As of the end of Season 4, she is in a relationship with Carl, which lasts until the penultimate episode of Season 5 when they have a bitter break up. In the series finale, it's revealed that they're sleeping together, but it is hinted that there is the possibility of it becoming more serious.
Victoria demonstrates a very kind personality consistently through the series. On the night before Mike and Molly's wedding, she has a bonding moment with Molly, telling her that she and Christina worked together and got the church and hall ready despite all the drama that took place at the rehearsal. She also gives Molly a garter to wear which she had made from one of their deceased father's blue silk ties, covering the old, new, borrowed and blue tradition all in one and stating that in a way their father would be walking down the aisle with Molly, which moved both of them to happy tears. After Mike and Peggy got into a fight regarding Mike inviting his father to his wedding, Peggy refused to attend until Victoria talked to her (see below). Peggy changed her mind and told Mike she'd be going, and that it was all right that his father could attend. When Mike wondered aloud what made her change her mind, Victoria never mentions the discussion she had with her, knowing she got through to Peggy. When shown doing her job, she treats the bodies she's tasked to do the makeup on with respect and even wishes one luck on his journey to the other side. In a conversation with Mike while at work, she regretfully reveals what she had to do to make the corpse she was working on smile, which wasn't pleasant. She also reveals that she believes no matter what happens after ones dies they should look their best, demonstrating her kind personality.
Although she is generally dimwitted, high, or drunk (often all at once), Victoria is much more intelligent than other characters give her credit for. When Peggy got into a fight with Mike and announced that she would not attend his wedding because Mike was inviting his father, it was Victoria that convinced her to reconsider by pointing out how well Mike turned out because of Peggy's influence. She also pointed out that she could use the occasion to show Mike's father how well she's done since he left, the mistake he made by leaving, gave suggestions on what she could wear to the wedding to show off her legs (complimenting on how well they've held up) and even offered to help her with her makeup for the day. On another occasion Joyce revealed that she's leaving the house to Victoria in her will which irritated Molly (she later explained it to Molly that it wasn't because Victoria was the better choice because she'd take care of the house but because it would force Molly to leave and make a mark on the world, something Joyce was unable to do with her life). A drunk Molly tells Victoria that it was because Molly was Joyce's good daughter and Victoria was a mess. Victoria stood up to Molly, pointing out that she quit her teaching job (which resulted in Molly losing her pension and benefits) and was currently in severe debt due to her wild spending. She then revealed that all of her own credit cards were paid off, has never had nor ever will have any credit card debt and that she could afford a down payment on a house even if Joyce hadn't left her one. She also pointed out that at that moment she was sober and Molly was the mess before going upstairs to see how her stocks performed that day, demonstrating that she had good business sense, something Molly had no idea about.
Joyce Flynn[edit]
Joyce Marilyn Flynn-Moranto (Swoosie Kurtz) is Molly and Victoria's mother. Her two daughters live in her home. She is a widow who began dating a widower named Vince Moranto in Season 1, and later became his fiancée. She is very modern and often attempts to act or dress younger than her age, and she drinks heavily. She has a hair-trigger temper and is sometimes rude to Mike, but he doesn't seem to care and she ultimately respects that he doesn't let her get away with her worst behavior. An example of this is when Mike is forced to arrest her at a checkpoint because she was driving after she'd be drinking. She is extremely hostile to him for a couple of days and after Molly arranges that they talk at a neutral location Joyce reveals that she was embarrassed and realized that she ran into 'an honest cop who was only doing his job'. She frequently teases Mike for his size and eating habits, even though it is revealed in multiple conversations that her late husband was also a very large man. In the Season 3 episode "Thanksgiving Is Cancelled", she marries Vince.
Samuel[edit]
Samuel/Babatunde (Nyambi Nyambi) is a sarcastic waiter at Abe's, where Mike and Carl eat. He is often seen hanging out with Carl and Mike, and despite frequently insulting them, he is considered their friend. He is from Africa and often refers to the suffering in his home country of Senegal (which he was apparently kicked out of[1]). As such, he does not sympathize with most problems his restaurant patrons bring to his attention, believing them to be "petty". He becomes Carl's roommate in Season 3. In Season 5, Samuel's real name is revealed to be Babatunde when he becomes the owner of Abe's Diner, now Abe's Hot Beef. He states the previous owner was so cheap he wouldn't buy him a badge with Babatunde on it, instead giving him a former employee's badge. He notes that the high cost of replacing the sign will keep the Abe's name intact until he can afford to proudly put up a sign for "Babatunde's Restaurant".
Vincent Moranto[edit]
Vincent Moranto (Louis Mustillo) is Joyce's on-and-off boyfriend in Season 1, who thereafter becomes her fiancé. He is a widower and tends to be chauvenistic and sarcastic, and also likes to openly discuss his sex life, one of the main reasons neither Mike nor Molly seek out his company nor spend more time around him than required. He is a high school dropout and can come across as unintelligent, though the series has shown or mentioned he had made a lot of money in the past through his various enterprises (some of which may be a bit "shady"). In the second-to-last episode of Season 2, it is revealed he is technically still married to a much older woman. (Vince claims that at the time of their marriage, the woman was "a very do-able 60-year old.") Joyce throws out Vince when she learns of the marriage at Mike & Molly's wedding rehearsal.[2] Vince actually hadn't seen the woman in several years, outside of a few attempts to get her to sign divorce papers, which she consistently refused because Vince still owes her $2,000 "plus interest." Mike negotiates with the woman to sign the divorce papers in exchange for $5,000 from Vince and the opportunity to kick Vince in the crotch. Joyce and Vince reconcile, and in the Season 3 episode "Thanksgiving Is Cancelled", they get married. Vince put off marrying her because he was broke. Although Molly knew he was a widower, she didn't know that he was broke due to his having to take care of his late wife when she got sick and eventually passed away until he explained it to her. When he explained how he stayed by her side and took care of her during her illness, Molly warmed up to Vince and even helped him cook a Thanksgiving dinner that he was forced to prepare on his own. In Season 5, he becomes an investor and silent partner in Abe's Diner, after Samuel assumes ownership.
Peggy Biggs[edit]
Margaret 'Peggy' Biggs (Rondi Reed) is Mike's mother. She is very controlling and traditional, as well as grumpy and cranky. Peggy frequently expects Mike to do her bidding at the drop of a hat, which made her initially cold toward Molly becoming a part of Mike's life. She has since warmed up some to Molly, and began working as a lunch lady at Molly's school in Season 2. Her tendency to lie when the truth isn't kind to her connected with that job when she told Molly she had "retired"; she'd actually been fired for being impossible to work with. Mike usually plays along with her revisionist history, but finally gets pushed too far in this case and tells Peggy she got fired because she is bitter, toxic and unlikable by anyone. She is divorced, living alone with her dog "Jim" (she even turned over Mike's old room to Jim) and often talks about her ex-husband, Jack, leaving her and running away with a "whore". Her longtime courtship of a sweet-natured and unsuccessful fellow Catholic named Dennis ended badly when she finally decided she was ready for them to have sex, only to realize he'd suffered a heart attack and died. A shocked Peggy tried to blame it on a sour lemon cake Molly had prepared for her birthday, only to have a no-longer-afraid Molly jab Peggy about her ham-fisted efforts to cover up her death-blocked seduction of Dennis. Despite her obvious disdain for Jack, the two sleep together after Mike and Molly's wedding rehearsal, but Peggy dumps him immediately after. She has a gift for writing that Molly surprisingly discovered during her own successful effort to start a career as an author, and Peggy's sordid past romantic exploits become the basis for Molly's second novel. Peggy reveals that she has always felt guilty for leaving her abusive home at an early age, while her mother was stuck with a drunken batterer for a husband. She also has a sister who still lives in their hometown with whom she has feuded since their teenage years, but they eventually reconciled in Season 5. As the series ends, Peggy remained both manipulative and decent-hearted, from playing on tension between Molly and Mike when she suffers a heart attack that Mike felt Molly caused (Peggy confirmed she didn't) and nearly getting her ass kicked by Joyce when she tries to guilt Mike into moving back home, but being reassured by Mike that while he won't move back home then or ever he still will make sure she's part of her grandchild's life.
Rosetta McMillan[edit]
Rosetta McMillan 'Nana' (Cleo King) is Carl's grandmother. She apparently raised Carl since his childhood, and Carl still lives in her house. She is very traditional and has professed that Carl is a very special part of her life, but she is outwardly annoyed by his immature behavior. She has a big heart and is very friendly toward Mike, who calls her "Nana." She has been known to treat Mike as if he were also her grandson, and Mike frequently goes to Rosetta for advice about his relationship with Molly, rather than to his own mother. Despite her advancing age, she is shown to have a large sexual appetite, including an ongoing relationship with the preacher from her church. (Being only seven years older than Reno Wilson in real life, King wears a wig and makeup to appear older.) Nana is a singer; she leads the choir at church, and the presence of gold records on the wall of her house indicates she had a career as a recording artist or session vocalist.
Harry[edit]
Harry (David Anthony Higgins) attends the same Overeaters Anonymous meetings as Mike and Molly, and becomes their friend. He is depicted as socially awkward and lonely, and tends to say whatever is on his mind, even thoughts that make him seem pathetic. Harry initially pursued Victoria as a love interest. The two dated once, and while it is suggested that Victoria does so out of sympathy, they attended a few other events as friends and Harry has been visibly happy to spend time with her in any capacity. In Season 3, after he finally receives a kiss from her, he announces that he's gay (to everyone's surprise except Joyce and Carl). Vince tends to speak for the group in one sense by constantly making fun of Harry and wondering why he's invited to any of their events, while Mike responds by saying they all basically like Harry even though he can be incredibly annoying.
Recurring characters[edit]
Christina[edit]
Christina (Holly Robinson Peete) is Carl's girlfriend, beginning in Season 2. She is a single mother with a young son, and works as an optometrist. When Carl runs away from her after learning about her kid, she lets Carl know that he's a coward and loser who isn't worth her time. However, she accepts his later explanation about never knowing his father, and they become a committed couple. She later becomes Molly's friend. As of Season 3, she has decided to try and reconcile with her ex-husband for the sake of their son, and breaks things off with Carl. After Christina makes several negative remarks about Carl during a conversation with Molly, Molly drops her as a friend.
Brother Heywood[edit]
Brother Heywood (Reginald VelJohnson) is the preacher at Carl and Rosetta's church. It is strongly hinted (and later openly revealed) that he and Rosetta are in a sexual relationship. He officiated at Mike and Molly's wedding, after Molly was too honest with the priest at Mike's Catholic church and the two were forced to look elsewhere.
Jack Biggs[edit]
Jack Biggs (Francis Guinan) is Mike's father, who left Mike and his mother many years ago to run off with a woman whom Peggy simply refers to as "the whore." He first appears at Mike's bachelor party in Season 2 and tearfully apologizes to his son for running away, to which Mike honestly tells his father he loves him and is glad he will be at the wedding. After Peggy and he sleep together, he decides he wants to reconcile with her (his marriage to "the whore" is rapidly disintegrating) but Peggy bluntly says she only used him for sex and has zero interest in him now that he's served his purpose.
Captain Murphy[edit]
Captain Patrick Murphy (Gerald McRaney) is Mike's boss on the Chicago Police force. Early in Season 3, he offers Mike courtside seats at a basketball game in exchange for Mike setting him up with Peggy. Soon after, Captain Murphy and Peggy begin dating. Peggy refers to him as "Paddy", though Mike doesn't dare call him that.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Episode 1.21: "Samuel Gets Fired"
Jump up ^ Episode 2:22: "The Rehearsal" at cbs.com
External links[edit]
Official website
List of Mike & Molly characters on IMDb
[hide]
v
t
e
Mike & Molly
Episodes
Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Season 6
Related
Characters
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