text:
Lego Marvel's Avengers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lego Marvel's Avengers
Cover art for Lego Marvel's Avengers
Developer(s)
Traveller's Tales
TT Fusion (handheld)
Publisher(s)
Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment
Feral Interactive (OS X)
Director(s)
Arthur Parsons
Producer(s)
Jennifer Burbeck
Toby Jennings
Designer(s)
Jon Burton
Programmer(s)
Steve Harding
Ben Klages
Artist(s)
Leon Warren
Composer(s)
Rob Westwood
Ian Livingstone
Platform(s)
Microsoft Windows
Nintendo 3DS
OS X
PlayStation 3
PlayStation 4
PlayStation Vita
Wii U
Xbox 360
Xbox One
Release
NA: 26 January 2016
PAL: 27 January 2016
UK: 29 January 2016
OS X
WW: 10 March 2016
Genre(s)
Action-adventure
Mode(s)
Single-player, multiplayer
Lego Marvel's Avengers is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller's Tales and published by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, for the PlayStation 4, PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, Nintendo 3DS, Wii U, Xbox One, Xbox 360, Macintosh and Microsoft Windows. It is the spin-off to Lego Marvel Super Heroes and the second installment of the Lego Marvel franchise.[1] It follows the plots of both The Avengers and Avengers: Age of Ultron as well as Captain America: The First Avenger, Iron Man 3, Thor: The Dark World, and Captain America: The Winter Soldier.
The game features characters from the Marvel Cinematic Universe as well as characters from comic books. Characters include Iron Man, Captain America, Hulk, Black Widow, Hawkeye, Scarlet Witch, Quicksilver, Thor, Ultron, Loki, Winter Soldier, Falcon, Vision and War Machine and some lesser known characters such as Devil Dinosaur and Fin Fang Foom.[2] It includes the characters of the Avengers team along with many others.[3] The game was released on 26 January 2016.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Gameplay
1.1 Characters
2 Plot
3 Development
3.1 Audio
3.2 Downloadable content
4 Reception
5 References
6 External links
Gameplay[edit]
Gameplay is similar to LEGO's long running series of franchise video games, with a focus on puzzle solving interspersed with action. Players often have to solve puzzles spread across the game environment, such as figuring out how to move a particular truck that is blocking their progression. As always, the game has its own unique quirks, for instance taking advantage of its large character library in areas that require two specific characters to team up in order to proceed. Boss battles also take the form of puzzles, often requiring careful timing. While action and fighting are spread liberally throughout the game, it is kept very child-friendly as per LEGO custom. The game features New York City as the main large open world hub, but also, for the first time, includes a dozen other movie significant areas players can travel to, including Asgard, Malibu, South Africa, The Helicarrier, the Bartons' farm, Washington DC and Sokovia.[5] These hubs also feature heavy playability, with hundreds of side quests and bonus levels such as rescuing citizens in trouble, races, and more. The main story actually takes up a fairly small fraction of the game's total "completion". Whilst the game's story is predominantly focused on the two Avengers films there are single levels based on Captain America: The First Avenger, Iron Man 3, Thor: The Dark World and Captain America: The Winter Soldier.
Characters[edit]
The game features over two hundred playable characters, including some characters (but not all) returning from the previous game. The heroes are drawn not just from the Marvel Cinematic Universe, but the comics as well. Director Arthur Parsons stated "It's a celebration of everything Avengers. Comic books, movies, cartoons. It's everything you love about the Avengers in video games."[6] Confirmed additional characters include Kamala Khan as Ms. Marvel, Sam Wilson's Captain America appearance, America Chavez, Jane Foster's Thor form, Wiccan and Speed.[7] Every two characters have their own unique team-up abilities. There are even separate ones for what character is triggering the attack, meaning nearly 800 team-up moves.
Plot[edit]
In the Eastern European country of Sokovia, the Avengers—Iron Man, Captian America, Thor, Hulk, Black Widow, and Hawkeye—attack a Hydra facility commanded by Baron Wolfgang von Strucker, attempting to retrieve a scepter that was previously used by Loki, Thor's adoptive brother. They encounter two of Strucker's test subjects, the Maximoffs twins: Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch, before they succeed in apprehending Strucker and retrieving Loki's scepter. Scarlet Witch manipulates Iron Man's mind, causing him to see a haunting vision of the Avenger's defeat. She allows him to take the scepter as a flashback begins.
The Asgardian Loki encounters the Other, the leader of an extraterrestrial race known as the Chitauri. In exchange for retrieving the Tesseract, a powerful energy source of unknown potential, the Other promises Loki an army with which he can subjugate Earth. Nick Fury, director of the espionage agency S.H.I.E.L.D., and his lieutenant Agent Maria Hill arrive at a remote research facility during an evacuation, where physicist Dr. Erik Selvig is leading a research team experimenting on the Tesseract. Agent Phil Coulson explains that the object has begun radiating an unusual form of energy. The Tesseract suddenly activates and opens a wormhole, allowing Loki to reach Earth. Loki takes the Tesseract and uses his scepter to brainwash Selvig, Hawkeye, and many other agents to aid him. Maria and Agent Williams fight the brainwashed soldiers while Loki, Hawkeye, and Selvig escape in a stolen truck. Maria and Williams pursue them in another vehicle, fighting more brainwashed agents before the base explodes, allowing Loki to escape.
In response to the attack, Fury reactivates the "Avengers Initiative". Black WIdow is sent to Calcutta to recruit Dr. Bruce Banner to trace the Tesseract through its gamma radiation emissions. Coulson visits Iron Man to have him review Selvig's research, and Fury approaches Captain America with an assignment to retrieve the Tesseract. Captain America begins having flashback of his missions in 1940 where he is fighting Hydra with his friend Bucky. While raiding Red Skull's train, Bucky falls off a cliff and is presumed to be dead.
In Stuttgart, Hawkeye steals iridium needed to stabilize the Tesseract's power while Loki causes a distraction, leading to a battle against Iron Man, Captain America, and Black Widow that ends with Loki's surrender. While Loki is being escorted to S.H.I.E.L.D., Thor arrives and frees him, hoping to convince him to abandon his plan and return to Asgard. After fighting Iron Man and Captain America, Thor agrees to take Loki to S.H.I.E.L.D.'s flying aircraft carrier, the Helicarrier. Upon arrival, Loki is imprisoned while Banner and Iron Man attempt to locate the Tesseract.
Captain America and Williams search through S.H.I.E.L.D.'s files cases and soon discovers that S.H.I.E.L.D. plans to harness the Tesseract to develop weapons as a deterrent against hostile extraterrestrials. As the group argues, Hawkeye and Loki's other possessed agents attack the Helicarrier, disabling one of its engines in flight and causing Banner to transform into the Hulk. While Fury and Maria fight Hawkeye, Captain America and Iron Man work to restart the damaged engine and Thor attempts to stop the Hulk's rampage. Black Widow knocks Hawkeye unconscious, breaking Loki's mind control. Loki escapes from his cage and wounds Coulson before ejecting Thor from the airship using the prison cage that he was imprisoned in, but he manage to get out before the cage crashes. The Hulk falls to the ground after attacking a S.H.I.E.L.D. fighter jet (piloted by Stan Lee) sent to deal with him by Maria. While stranded in the air, Fury manages to motivate the Avengers into working as a team. They steal a Quinjet and use it to get to New York City. Loki uses the Tesseract, in conjunction with a device Selvig built, to open a wormhole above Stark Tower to the Chitauri fleet in space, launching his invasion.
The Avengers all reunite at New York and Banner transforms into the Hulk, and they battle Loki and the Chitauri while rescuing civilians. The Hulk finds Loki and fights him while Black Widow makes her way to the wormhole generator, where Selvig, freed from Loki's mind control, reveals that Loki's scepter can be used to shut down the generator. Meanwhile, Fury's superiors from the World Security Council, dissatisfied with the Avenger's attempts, take matters in their own hands and attempt to end the invasion by launching a nuclear missile at Midtown Manhattan. Iron Man hijacks the missile and takes it through the wormhole, making it target the Chitauri mothership rather than Manhattan, killing the other aliens on Earth. Iron Man's suit runs out of power, and he falls back through the wormhole just as Black Widow closes it. Iron Man goes into freefall, but the Hulk saves him from crashing into the ground. In the aftermath, Thor returns Loki and the Tesseract to Asgard, while Fury expresses confidence that the Avengers will return if and when they are needed. Meanwhile, Thanos is informed of Loki's failure and the Avengers are shown eating in a restaurant (with Hulk taking all the food for himself). A disguised Strucker gets ahold of Loki's scepter (with a S.H.I.E.L.D. logo falling off a truck to reveal a Hydra symbol) and takes it back to his base where he and Dr. List begin experimenting on Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch, giving them their powers before the Avengers attack the base, ending the flashback.
Returning to the Avengers Tower, Iron Man and Banner discover an artificial intelligence within the scepter's gem and decide to use it to complete Stark's "Ultron" global defense program. The unexpectedly sentient Ultron, believing he must eradicate humanity to save Earth, eliminates Stark's A.I. J.A.R.V.I.S. and attacks the Avengers at their headquarters while they and Maria Hill are having a party using the Iron Legion. After defeating the drones, Ultron escapes with the scepter and uses the resources in Strucker's Sokovia base to upgrade his rudimentary body and build an army of robot drones and recruits the Maximoffs to help him. They travel to the base of arms dealer Ulysses Klaue to obtain Wakandan vibranium. The Avengers arrive and battle Ultron, the Maximoffs, and Klaue's men but Ultron and the Maxioffs manage to escape after Scarlet Witch subdues them with haunting visions, causing Banner to transform into the Hulk and rampage across until Stark stops him with his anti-Hulk armor, destroying an unfinished building in the process.
A worldwide backlash over the resulting destruction, and the fears that Scarlet Witch's hallucinations had incited, forces the Avengers into hiding at Hawkeye's farm. Thor departs to consult with Dr. Erik Selvig on the meaning of the apocalyptic future he saw in his hallucination. Nick Fury arrives and encourages the team to form a plan to stop Ultron. In Seoul, Ultron brainwashes the team's friend Dr. Helen Cho with Loki's scepter and has her use her synthetic-tissue technology, together with vibranium and the scepter's gem, to perfect a new body for him. As Ultron uploads himself into the body, Scarlet Witch is able to read his mind; discovering his plan for human extinction. This leads the Maximoffs to turn against Ultron. Captain America, Black Widow, and Hawkeye fight Ultron and his drones in a stolen truck and succeed in retrieving the synthetic body, but Ultron captures Black Widow. The fight causes a train to derail but Captain America manages to stop it with the Maximoffs' help.
The Avengers fight amongst themselves over Iron Man's plan to uploads J.A.R.V.I.S.—who is still operational after hiding from Ultron inside the Internet—into the synthetic body. Thor returns to help activate the body, explaining that the gem on its brow is one of the six Infinity Stones, the most powerful objects in existence—was part of his vision. The newly activated Vision and the Maximoffs accompany the Avengers to Sokovia, where Ultron has used the remaining vibranium to build a machine to lift a large part of the capital city skyward, intending to crash it into the ground to cause global extinction. Banner rescues Black Widow, who helps transform him into the Hulk for the battle. The Avengers fight Ultron's army while Fury arrives in the Helicarrier with Maria Hill, War Machine, and S.H.I.E.L.D. agents to evacuate the civilians in flying life boats. Quicksilver dies when he shields Hawkeye from gunfire, and a vengeful Scarlet Witch abandons her post to destroy Ultron's primary body, which allows one of his drones to activate the machine. The city plummets downwards, but Iron Man and Thor overload the machine and destroy the landmass. In the aftermath, the Hulk, unwilling to endanger Black Widow by being with her, departs in a Quinjet, while the Vision confronts and destroys Ultron's last remaining body.
Later, with the Avengers having established a new base run by Fury, Hill, Cho, and Selvig, Thor returns to Asgard to learn more about the forces he suspects have manipulated recent events. As Iron Man leaves and Hawkeye retires, Captian America and Black Widow prepare to train new Avengers: War Machine, the Vision, Falcon, and Scarlet Witch.
In a post-credits scene, Thanos, unhappy with the failure of his pawns, dons a gauntlet from his washing machine and intends to collect the Infinity Stones himself.
Development[edit]
Audio[edit]
Unlike Lego Marvel Super Heroes, which used original voice acting, Lego Marvel's Avengers utilizes audio from the six films being adapted for the game, including voice and music, similar to Lego The Lord of the Rings, The Lego Movie Videogame, Lego The Hobbit, and Lego Jurassic World. The game has utilized the archive audios from the actors in the films.[8] However, Clark Gregg, Cobie Smulders, Ashley Johnson, Hayley Atwell, Michael Peña and Ming-Na Wen reprised their respective roles from the films and TV shows,[9][10] and Marvel Comics co-creator Stan Lee returned to voice himself.[11] Robbie Daymond voices A-Bomb.[12] Lou Ferrigno voices himself and Greg Miller voiced Aldrich Killian.
Downloadable content[edit]
Free PlayStation timed exclusive downloadable content was announced. This included a character pack and a level based on Ant-Man, which was released on April 6, 2016, and a Captain America: Civil War character pack that was released at launch. A season pass was also available during launch, which gave players exclusive access to the "Explorers Pack", story levels and over 40 additional playable characters. These story levels were based on the Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. television series as well as levels focused on the comic versions of Black Panther, the Masters of Evil, Captain Marvel, and Doctor Strange. A Spider-Man character pack was also released on May 24, 2016, which saw the Civil War version of the character as a playable character.[13]
Reception[edit]
Reception
Aggregate score
Aggregator
Score
Metacritic (PS4) 71/100[14]
(XONE) 71/100[15]
(PC) 64/100[16]
Review scores
Publication
Score
Destructoid 6/10[17]
Game Informer 7.75/10[18]
GameSpot 7/10[19]
IGN 6.7/10[20]
PC Gamer (UK) 52/100[21]
Upon its release, Lego Marvel's Avengers received mixed to positive reviews. It has a score of 71% on Metacritic.[14][15] Game Informer's Andrew Reiner gave the game 7.75 out of 10.[18] IGN awarded it a score of 6.7 out of 10, saying "LEGO Marvel's Avengers is great fun, but unfortunately restricted by sticking to the Marvel Cinematic Universe."[20] Destructoid awarded it a score of 6 out of 10, saying "It's a fun mindless romp through a couple of interesting setpieces, but not a whole lot more than that when it comes down to it."[17] PlayStation Lifestyle awarded it 7.5 out of 10, saying "Some technical hiccups and the occasional unclear objective can hamper your progress, but these can all be overcome in a game that exudes a fun-loving attitude throughout."[22] GameSpot awarded it a score of 7.0 out of 10, saying "If you've played a Lego game in recent years then you'll know what to expect: another familiar and fun adventure that you can enjoy with your kids."[19] Hardcore Gamer awarded it a score of 3 out of 5, saying "While a decent action-adventure title, Avengers does little to innovate or set itself apart from a vast library of superior Lego games."[23] PC Gamer awarded it a score of 52%, calling it "A half-hearted recreation of some fun movies, with almost nothing to offer over its predecessor."[21]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Cabral, Matt (29 June 2015). "Arthur Parsons Assembles 'Lego Marvel's Avengers". Marvel. Archived from the original on 1 July 2015. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Phillips, Tom (12 October 2015). "Lego Marvel's Avengers covers six Marvel films". Eurogamer. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, TT Games and The LEGO Group Announce an Action-Packed Slate of LEGO® Videogames for 2015". Business Wire. 29 January 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Futter, Mike (5 August 2015). "Lego Marvel Avengers Delayed Into 2016". Game Informer. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Takadashi, Dean (9 December 2015). "Lego Marvel's Avengers is loaded with superheroes, villians, cities, and open-world gameplay". VentureBeat. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
Jump up ^ McWhertor, Michael (11 July 2015). "Lego Marvel's Avengers adds 100-plus characters, even more Stan Lee". Polygon. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Brown, Luke (5 August 2015). "Kamala Khan, Jane Foster and More Join 'Lego Marvel's Avengers' This January". Comics Alliance. Archived from the original on 20 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "E3 Reaction: LEGO Marvel's Avengers is a Fun Remix of the Films - SuperHeroHype". SuperHeroHype.
Jump up ^ Dornbush, Jonathan (12 October 2015). "Lego Marvel's Avengers to include Phase 2, Agent Carter, more content". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 11 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Fahey, Mike (6 April 2016). "Ant-Man Is Not The Star Of LEGO Avengers' Ant-Man DLC". Kotaku.
Jump up ^ "Interview: Stan Lee Talks LEGO MARVEL'S AVENGERS, Marvel Movies, And More!". Nerdist.
Jump up ^ Robbie Daymond Talks Sailor Moon and More
Jump up ^ Kato, Matthew (May 24, 2016). "Free Spider-Man Pack For Lego Marvel Avengers". Game Informer. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "LEGO Marvel's Avengers". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved May 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Lego Marvel's Avengers". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Lego Marvel's Avengers". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Devore, Jordan (29 January 2016). "Review: LEGO Marvel's Avengers". Destructoid. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Reiner, Andrew (27 January 2016). "Lego Marvel Avengers review: The Age Of Loltron". Game Informer. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Ramsay, Randolph (26 January 2016). "LEGO Marvel's Avengers Review". GameSpot. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Pearce, Alanah (28 January 2016). "LEGO Marvel's Avengers Review". IGN.
^ Jump up to: a b Roberts, Samuel (4 February 2016). "Lego Marvel's Avengers review". PC Gamer. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Contreras, Paulmichael (27 January 2016). "LEGO Marvel Avengers Review (PS4)". PlayStation LifeStyle. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Dunsmore, Kevin (2 February 2016). "Review: LEGO Marvel's Avengers". Hardcore Gamer. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
External links[edit]
Official website
Lego Marvel's Avengers on IMDb
[show]
v
t
e
Avengers
Creators: Stan Lee
Jack Kirby
Initial members
Ant-Man
Captain America
Hulk
Iron Man
Thor
Wasp
Antagonists
Group enemies
A.I.M.
Black Order
Chitauri
Circus of Crime
Enclave
H.A.M.M.E.R.
Hydra
Kree
Legion of the Unliving
Lethal Legion
Maggia
Masters of Evil
Secret Empire
Sinister Six
Skrull
Sons of the Serpent
Squadron Sinister
Squadron Supreme
U-Foes
Wrecking Crew
Zodiac
Individual enemies
Ares
Baron Zemo
Heinrich Zemo
Helmut Zemo
Blood Brothers
Collector
Count Nefaria
Doctor Doom
Enchantress
Galactus
Grandmaster
Graviton
Grim Reaper
Immortus
Hood
Kang
Korvac
Loki
Magneto
Mandarin
MODOK
Norman Osborn
Ronan the Accuser
Red Skull
Space Phantom
Super-Adaptoid
Super-Skrull
Taskmaster
Thanos
Ultron
Whirlwind
Headquarters
Avengers Mansion
Avengers Island
Avengers Tower
Equipment
Avengers Quinjet
Variations
A-Force
A-Next
Agents of Atlas
Avengers A.I.
Avengers Academy
Dark Avengers
Force Works
Great Lakes Avengers
Mighty Avengers
New Avengers
Members
Secret Avengers
Ultimates
Members
Uncanny Avengers
U.S.Avengers
West Coast Avengers
Members
Young Avengers
In other media
TV
The Avengers: United They Stand
The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes
Avengers Assemble
Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers
Film
Marvel Animated Features
Marvel's The Avengers
accolades
soundtrack
Avengers Confidential: Black Widow & Punisher
Avengers: Age of Ultron
soundtrack
Avengers: Infinity War
production
Untitled Avengers film
production
Video
games
Avengers in Galactic Storm
Captain America and The Avengers
Disney Infinity: Marvel Super Heroes
Marvel: Avengers Alliance
Marvel Avengers: Battle for Earth
Lego Marvel's Avengers
Marvel Avengers Academy
Related articles
List of Avengers titles
Justice League
Category
Book
[show]
v
t
e
Lego video games
Action-adventure games
Licensed games
Star Wars
The Video Game
II: The Original Trilogy
The Complete Saga
III: The Clone Wars
The Force Awakens
Indiana Jones
The Original Adventures
2: The Adventure Continues
Batman
The Videogame
2: DC Super Heroes
3: Beyond Gotham
Harry Potter
Years 1-4
Years 5-7
Middle-earth
The Lord of the Rings
The Hobbit
Marvel
Super Heroes
Avengers
Super Heroes 2
Other
Pirates of the Caribbean
Jurassic World
The Incredibles
Island
Island
2: The Brickster's Revenge
Xtreme Stunts
Bionicle
Bionicle
Matoran Adventures
The Game
Maze of Shadows
Heroes
City
Undercover
The Chase Begins
Legends of Chima
Laval's Journey
Ninjago
The Lego Ninjago Movie
Ninjago: Nindroids
Ninjago: Shadow of Ronin
Other
Knights' Kingdom
The Lego Movie
Dimensions
Strategy games
Real-time strategy games
Rock Raiders
Battles
Ninjago
Other
Chess
Racing
Stunt Rally
Racers
2
Drome Racers
Legends of Chima: Speedorz
MMO
Universe
Legends of Chima Online
Minifigures Online
Sandbox games
Worlds
Simulation
Virtual World
Loco
Construction and management
Creator
Legoland
Creator: Knights' Kingdom
Licensed games
Creator: Harry Potter
Creator: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
Sport games
Football Mania
Other games
Rock Band
songs
Alpha Team
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lego_Marvel%27s_Avengers&oldid=835384118"
Categories:
2016 video games
Action-adventure games
Lego video games
Marvel Cinematic Universe video games
Nintendo 3DS games
Nintendo 3DS eShop games
Open world video games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
PlayStation Vita games
Traveller's Tales games
Video games based on films
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games set in California
Video games set in Europe
Video games set in Germany
Video games set in London
Video games set in New York City
Video games set in South Africa
Video games set in South Korea
Video games set in Tennessee
Video games set in Washington, D.C.
Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment games
Video games based on Marvel Comics films
Wii U games
Wii U eShop games
Windows games
Superhero video games
Xbox 360 games
Xbox One games
Video games based on Avengers (comics)
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from March 2016
Articles using Infobox video game using locally defined parameters
Articles using Wikidata infoboxes with locally defined images
Use dmy dates from May 2016
Articles using Video game reviews template in single platform mode
Comics navigational boxes purge
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
Português
Русский
Edit links
This page was last edited on 8 April 2018, at 11:07.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: colspan class style

attrs: scope style

values:
/wiki/Video_game_designer
mw-redirect
Video game designer

values: width:22em;float: right; width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; border-spacing: 3px;

values:
/wiki/Washington_DC
mw-redirect
Washington DC

values:
/wiki/Greg_Miller_(Internet_celebrity)
mw-redirect
Greg Miller (Internet celebrity)

values: background:transparent;padding:0em;margin:0em 1em 1em 1em;text-align:center;float:right;clear:right;width:23em

values:
/wiki/Comics_Alliance
mw-redirect
Comics Alliance

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4776398/
external text

values: List of accolades received by The Avengers (2012 film)

values: Production of Avengers: Infinity War and the untitled Avengers sequel

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures

values: Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues

values: Lego Pirates of the Caribbean: The Video Game

values:
/wiki/Lego_Bionicle
mw-redirect
Lego Bionicle

values:
/wiki/Lego_Ninjago:_Nindroids
mw-redirect
Lego Ninjago: Nindroids

values:
/wiki/Lego_Ninjago:_Shadow_of_Ronin
mw-redirect
Lego Ninjago: Shadow of Ronin

values:
/wiki/Real-time_strategy_game
mw-redirect
Real-time strategy game

values:
/wiki/Lego_Legends_of_Chima:_Speedorz
mw-redirect
Lego Legends of Chima: Speedorz

values:
/wiki/Massively_Multiplayer_Online_Game
mw-redirect
Massively Multiplayer Online Game

values:
/wiki/Sandbox_game
mw-redirect
Sandbox game

values:
/wiki/Virtual_World
mw-redirect
Virtual World

values: Lego Creator: Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Marvel Cinematic Universe video games

values: Category:Video games developed in the United Kingdom

values: Category:Video games set in New York City

values: Category:Video games set in South Africa

values: Category:Video games set in Washington, D.C.

values: Category:Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment games

values: Category:Video games based on Marvel Comics films

values: Category:Video games based on Avengers (comics)

values: Category:Articles using Infobox video game using locally defined parameters

values: Category:Articles using Wikidata infoboxes with locally defined images

values: Category:Articles using Video game reviews template in single platform mode

values: Category:Comics navigational boxes purge

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Lego_Marvel%27s_Avengers
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: ليغو مارفلز أفنجرز – Arabic

values: لگو انتقامجویان مارول – Persian

values: 레고 마블 어벤저스 – Korean

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Lego_Marvel_s_Avengers rootpage-Lego_Marvel_s_Avengers skin-vector action-view


text:
Mid-ocean ridge
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Mid-oceanic ridge, including a black smoker
For a broader coverage related to this topic, see Undersea mountain range.
A mid-ocean ridge is an underwater mountain system formed by plate tectonics. It consists of various mountains linked in chains, typically having a valley known as a rift running along its spine. This type of oceanic mountain ridge is characteristic of what is known as an oceanic spreading center, which is responsible for seafloor spreading. The production of new seafloor results from mantle upwelling in response to plate spreading; this isentropic upwelling solid mantle material eventually exceeds the solidus and melts. The buoyant melt rises as magma at a linear weakness in the oceanic crust, and emerges as lava, creating new crust upon cooling. A mid-ocean ridge demarcates the boundary between two tectonic plates, and consequently is termed a divergent plate boundary.
Contents
[hide]
1 Description
2 Formation processes
3 Global system
4 History
4.1 Discovery
4.2 Impact
5 List of oceanic ridges
5.1 List of ancient oceanic ridges
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Description[edit]
Graphic shows a mid-ocean ridge, with magma rising from a chamber below, forming new ocean plate that spreads away from the ridge.
Mid-ocean ridge in Þingvellir National Park, Iceland.
Mid-ocean ridges are geologically active, with new magma constantly emerging onto the ocean floor and into the crust at and near rifts along the ridge axes. The crystallized magma forms new crust of basalt (known as MORB for mid-ocean ridge basalt) and below it, gabbro.[1] They are formed by two oceanic plates moving away from each other. Hydrothermal vents are a common feature at oceanic spreading centers. [2]
The rocks making up the crust below the seafloor are youngest along the axis of the ridge and age with increasing distance from that axis. New magma of basalt composition emerges at and near the axis because of decompression melting in the underlying Earth's mantle.[3]
The oceanic crust is made up of rocks much younger than the Earth itself. Most oceanic crust in the ocean basins is less than 200 million years old. The crust is in a constant state of "renewal" at the ocean ridges. Moving away from the mid-ocean ridge, ocean depth progressively increases; the greatest depths are in ocean trenches. As the oceanic crust moves away from the ridge axis, the peridotite in the underlying mantle cools and becomes more rigid. The crust and the relatively rigid peridotite below it make up the oceanic lithosphere.
Slow spreading ridges like the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) generally have large, wide rift valleys, sometimes as wide as 10–20 km (6.2–12.4 mi), and very rugged terrain at the ridge crest that can have relief of up to a 1,000 m (3,300 ft). By contrast, fast spreading ridges like the East Pacific Rise (EPR) are narrow, sharp incisions surrounded by generally flat topography that slopes away from the ridge over many hundreds of miles.
The overall shape of ridges results from Pratt isostacy: close to the ridge axis there is hot, low-density mantle supporting the oceanic crust. As the oceanic plates cool, away from the ridge axes, the oceanic mantle lithosphere (the colder, denser part of the mantle that, together with the crust, comprises the oceanic plates) thickens and the density increases. Thus older seafloor is underlain by denser material and 'sits' lower. The width of the ridge is hence a function of spreading rate – slow ridges like the MAR have spread much less far than faster ridges like the EPR for the same amount of cooling and consequent bathymetric drop-off.
Formation processes[edit]
Further information: Plate tectonics
Oceanic crust is formed at an oceanic ridge, while the lithosphere is subducted back into the asthenosphere at trenches.
There are two processes, ridge-push and slab pull, thought to be responsible for the spreading seen at mid-ocean ridges, and there is some uncertainty as to which is dominant. Ridge-push occurs when the growing bulk of the ridge pushes the rest of the tectonic plate away from the ridge, often towards a subduction zone. At the subduction zone, "slab-pull" comes into effect. This is simply the weight of the tectonic plate being subducted (pulled) below the overlying plate dragging the rest of the plate along behind it. The slab pull mechanism is considered to be contributing more than the ridge push.[4]
The other process proposed to contribute to the formation of new oceanic crust at mid-ocean ridges is the "mantle conveyor" (see image). However, there have been some studies which have shown that the upper mantle (asthenosphere) is too plastic (flexible) to generate enough friction to pull the tectonic plate along. Moreover, unlike in the image above, mantle upwelling that causes magma to form beneath the ocean ridges appears to involve only its upper 400 km (250 mi), as deduced from seismic tomography and from studies of the seismic discontinuity at about 400 km (250 mi). The relatively shallow depths from which the upwelling mantle rises below ridges are more consistent with the "slab-pull" process. On the other hand, some of the world's largest tectonic plates such as the North American Plate are in motion, yet are nowhere being subducted.
The rate at which the mid-ocean ridge creates new material is known as the spreading rate, and is generally measured in mm/yr. The common subdivisions of spreading rate are fast, medium, and slow with values generally being >100 mm/yr, 100–55 mm/yr, and 55–20 mm/yr, respectively. The spreading rate of the North Atlantic Ocean is ~ 25 mm/yr, while in the Pacific region, it is 80–120 mm/yr. Ridges that spread at rates <20 mm/yr are referred to as ultraslow spreading ridges (e.g., the Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic Ocean and the Southwest Indian Ridge) and they provide a much different perspective on crustal formation than their faster spreading brethren.
The mid-ocean ridge systems form new oceanic crust. As crystallized basalt extruded at a ridge axis cools below Curie points of appropriate iron-titanium oxides, magnetic field directions parallel to the Earth's magnetic field are recorded in those oxides. The orientations of the field in the oceanic crust preserve a record of directions of the Earth's magnetic field with time. Because the field has reversed directions at irregular intervals throughout its history, the pattern of geomagnetic reversals in the ocean crust can be used as an indicator of age.[5] Likewise, the pattern of reversals together with age measurements of the crust is used to help establish the history of the Earth's magnetic field.
Global system[edit]
World Distribution of Mid-Oceanic Ridges; USGS
The mid-ocean ridges of the world are connected and form the Ocean Ridge, a single global mid-oceanic ridge system that is part of every ocean, making it the longest mountain range in the world. The continuous mountain range is 65,000 km (40,400 mi) long (several times longer than the Andes, the longest continental mountain range), and the total length of the oceanic ridge system is 80,000 km (49,700 mi) long.[6]
History[edit]
Discovery[edit]
Main article: Plate tectonics § Historical context
Mid-ocean ridges are generally submerged deep in the ocean. It was not until the 1950s, when the ocean floor was surveyed in detail, that their full extent became known.
The Vema, a ship of the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, traversed the Atlantic Ocean, recording data about the ocean floor from the ocean surface. A team led by Marie Tharp and Bruce Heezen analyzed the data and concluded that there was an enormous mountain chain running up the middle. Scientists named it the "Mid-Atlantic Ridge".
At first, the ridge was thought to be a phenomenon specific to the Atlantic Ocean. However, as surveys of the ocean floor continued around the world, it was discovered that every ocean contains parts of the mid-ocean ridge system. Although the ridge system runs down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, the ridge is located away from the center of other oceans.
Impact[edit]
Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift in 1912. He stated: "the Mid-Atlantic Ridge ... zone in which the floor of the Atlantic, as it keeps spreading, is continuously tearing open and making space for fresh, relatively fluid and hot sima [rising] from depth."[7] However, Wegener did not pursue this observation in his later works and his theory was dismissed by geologists because there was no mechanism to explain how continents could plow through ocean crust, and the theory became largely forgotten.
Following the discovery of the worldwide extent of the mid-ocean ridge in the 1950s, geologists faced a new task: explaining how such an enormous geological structure could have formed. In the 1960s, geologists discovered and began to propose mechanisms for seafloor spreading. The discovery of Mid-ocean ridges and the process of seafloor spreading allowed for Wegner's theory to be expanded so that it included the movement of oceanic crust as well as the continents.[8] Plate tectonics was a suitable explanation for seafloor spreading, and the acceptance of plate tectonics by the majority of geologists resulted in a major paradigm shift in geological thinking.
It is estimated that 20 volcanic eruptions occur each year along earth's mid-ocean ridges and that every year 2.5 km2 (0.97 sq mi) of new seafloor is formed by this process. With a crustal thickness of 1 to 2 km (0.62 to 1.24 mi), this amounts to about 4 km3 (0.96 cu mi) of new ocean crust formed every year.[citation needed]
Oceanic ridge and deep sea vent chemistry
Age of oceanic crust. The red is most recent, and blue is the oldest.
Plates in the crust of the earth, according to the plate tectonics theory
Seafloor magnetic striping
A demonstration of magnetic striping
List of oceanic ridges[edit]
Main category: Oceanic ridges
Aden Ridge
Cocos Ridge
Explorer Ridge
Gorda Ridge
Juan de Fuca Ridge
American-Antarctic Ridge
Chile Rise
East Pacific Rise
East Scotia Ridge
Gakkel Ridge (Mid-Arctic Ridge)
Nazca Ridge
Pacific-Antarctic Ridge
Central Indian Ridge
Carlsberg Ridge
Southeast Indian Ridge
Southwest Indian Ridge
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Kolbeinsey Ridge (North of Iceland)
Mohns Ridge
Knipovich Ridge (between Greenland and Spitsbergen)
Reykjanes Ridge (South of Iceland)
List of ancient oceanic ridges[edit]
Aegir Ridge
Alpha Ridge
Kula-Farallon Ridge
Pacific-Farallon Ridge
Pacific-Kula Ridge
Phoenix Ridge
See also[edit]
Afar Triangle
Geography of Iceland
List of Oceanic Landforms
Petrological Database of the Ocean Floor
Slab window
Submarine volcano
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Michael, Peter; Cheadle, Michael (February 20, 2009). "Making a Crust". Science. 323: 1017–18.
Jump up ^ Martin, William; Baross, John; Kelley, Deborah; Russell, Michael J. (2008-11-01). "Hydrothermal vents and the origin of life". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 6 (11): 805–814. doi:10.1038/nrmicro1991. ISSN 1740-1526.
Jump up ^ Marjorie Wilson (1993). Igneous petrogenesis. London: Chapman & Hall. ISBN 978-0-412-53310-5.
Jump up ^ Harff, Jan; Meschede, Martin; Petersen, Sven; Thiede, Jörn. Driving Forces: Slab Pull, Ridge Push (2014 ed.). Springer Netherlands. pp. 1–6. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6644-0_105-1. ISBN 978-94-007-6644-0. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Puetz, Stephen; et al. (January 2017). "Quantifying the evolution of the continental and oceanic crust". Earth-Science Reviews. 164: 63–83.
Jump up ^ "What is the longest mountain range on earth?". Ocean Facts. NOAA. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Jacoby, W. R. (January 1981). "Modern concepts of earth dynamics anticipated by Alfred Wegener in 1912". Geology. 9: 25–27. Bibcode:1981Geo.....9...25J. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1981)9<25:MCOEDA>2.0.CO;2.
Jump up ^ Society, National Geographic (2015-06-08). "seafloor spreading". National Geographic Society. Retrieved 2017-04-14.
External links[edit]
An explanation of relevant tectonic forces
Mid-Ocenic ridge, like baseball seam (The Dynamic Earth, USGS)
Ridge2000, Studying Mid-Ocean Ridges from Mantle to Microbe
[hide]
v
t
e
Mid-ocean ridges
Present
Central Indian
Chile
East Pacific
Explorer
Gakkel
Gorda
Juan de Fuca
Mid-Atlantic
Pacific-Antarctic
South American-Antarctic
Southeast Indian
Southwest Indian
Former
Aegir
Alpha
Kula-Farallon
Pacific-Farallon
Pacific-Kula
Phoenix
[show]
v
t
e
Physical oceanography
Waves
Airy wave theory
Ballantine scale
Benjamin–Feir instability
Boussinesq approximation
Breaking wave
Clapotis
Cnoidal wave
Cross sea
Dispersion
Edge wave
Equatorial waves
Fetch
Gravity wave
Green's law
Infragravity wave
Internal wave
Iribarren number
Kelvin wave
Kinematic wave
Longshore drift
Luke's variational principle
Mild-slope equation
Radiation stress
Rogue wave
Rossby wave
Rossby-gravity waves
Sea state
Seiche
Significant wave height
Soliton
Stokes boundary layer
Stokes drift
Stokes wave
Swell
Trochoidal wave
Tsunami
megatsunami
Undertow
Ursell number
Wave action
Wave base
Wave height
Wave power
Wave radar
Wave setup
Wave shoaling
Wave turbulence
Wave–current interaction
Waves and shallow water
one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations
shallow water equations
Wind wave
model

Circulation
Atmospheric circulation
Baroclinity
Boundary current
Coriolis force
Coriolis–Stokes force
Craik–Leibovich vortex force
Downwelling
Eddy
Ekman layer
Ekman spiral
Ekman transport
El Niño–Southern Oscillation
General circulation model
Geostrophic current
Global Ocean Data Analysis Project
Gulf Stream
Halothermal circulation
Humboldt Current
Hydrothermal circulation
Langmuir circulation
Longshore drift
Loop Current
Modular Ocean Model
Ocean dynamics
Ocean gyre
Princeton Ocean Model
Rip current
Subsurface currents
Sverdrup balance
Thermohaline circulation
shutdown
Upwelling
Whirlpool
World Ocean Circulation Experiment
Tides
Amphidromic point
Earth tide
Head of tide
Internal tide
Lunitidal interval
Perigean spring tide
Rip tide
Rule of twelfths
Slack water
Tidal bore
Tidal force
Tidal power
Tidal race
Tidal range
Tidal resonance
Tide gauge
Tideline
Landforms
Abyssal fan
Abyssal plain
Atoll
Bathymetric chart
Coastal geography
Cold seep
Continental margin
Continental rise
Continental shelf
Contourite
Guyot
Hydrography
Oceanic basin
Oceanic plateau
Oceanic trench
Passive margin
Seabed
Seamount
Submarine canyon
Submarine volcano
Plate
tectonics
Convergent boundary
Divergent boundary
Fracture zone
Hydrothermal vent
Marine geology
Mid-ocean ridge
Mohorovičić discontinuity
Vine–Matthews–Morley hypothesis
Oceanic crust
Outer trench swell
Ridge push
Seafloor spreading
Slab pull
Slab suction
Slab window
Subduction
Transform fault
Volcanic arc
Ocean zones
Benthic
Deep ocean water
Deep sea
Littoral
Mesopelagic
Oceanic
Pelagic
Photic
Surf
Swash
Sea level
Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis
Future sea level
Global Sea Level Observing System
North West Shelf Operational Oceanographic System
Sea-level curve
Sea level rise
World Geodetic System
Acoustics
Deep scattering layer
Hydroacoustics
Ocean acoustic tomography
Sofar bomb
SOFAR channel
Underwater acoustics
Satellites
Jason-1
Jason-2 (Ocean Surface Topography Mission)
Jason-3
Related
Argo
Benthic lander
Color of water
DSV Alvin
Marginal sea
Marine energy
Marine pollution
Mooring
National Oceanographic Data Center
Ocean
Ocean exploration
Ocean observations
Ocean reanalysis
Ocean surface topography
Ocean thermal energy conversion
Oceanography
Pelagic sediment
Sea surface microlayer
Sea surface temperature
Seawater
Science On a Sphere
Thermocline
Underwater glider
Water column
World Ocean Atlas
Category
Commons
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 236956031
GND: 4317501-6
NDL: 00575264
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mid-ocean_ridge&oldid=815447173"
Categories:
Oceanic ridges
Coastal and oceanic landforms
Physical oceanography
Basalt
Geological processes
Plate tectonics
Volcanic landforms
Oceanographical terminology
Hidden categories:
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
Articles needing additional references from October 2007
All articles needing additional references
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2008
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Русский
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
粵語
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 14 December 2017, at 21:50.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

value: b

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

value: tr

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Black_smoker
mw-redirect
Black smoker

values:
/wiki/Mountain_system
mw-redirect
Mountain system

values:
/wiki/Mountain_ridge
mw-redirect
Mountain ridge

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/%C3%9Eingvellir_National_Park
mw-redirect
Þingvellir National Park

values:
/wiki/Earth%27s_mantle
mw-redirect
Earth's mantle

values:
/wiki/Ocean_trench
mw-redirect
Ocean trench

values:
/wiki/Subduction_zone
mw-redirect
Subduction zone

values:
/wiki/North_Atlantic_Ocean
mw-redirect
North Atlantic Ocean

values:
/wiki/Curie_point
mw-redirect
Curie point

values:
/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversals
mw-redirect
Geomagnetic reversals

values:
/wiki/Research_Vessel_Vema
mw-redirect
Research Vessel Vema

values:
/wiki/Lamont-Doherty_Earth_Observatory
mw-redirect
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2008)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Magnetic_striping
mw-redirect
Magnetic striping

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Cocos_Ridge
mw-redirect
Cocos Ridge

values:
/wiki/American-Antarctic_Ridge
mw-redirect
American-Antarctic Ridge

values:
/wiki/East_Scotia_Ridge
mw-redirect
East Scotia Ridge

values:
/wiki/Nikolai_Mikhailovich_Knipovich
mw-redirect
Nikolai Mikhailovich Knipovich

values:
/wiki/Reykjanes_Ridge
mw-redirect
Reykjanes Ridge

values: Edit section: List of ancient oceanic ridges

values: Petrological Database of the Ocean Floor

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrmicro1991

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/1740-1526

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.tectonic-forces.org

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.ridge2000.org/index.php

values: World Distribution of Mid-Oceanic Ridges.gif

values:
navbox-image
2
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks collapsible expanded navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/File:Antarctic_bottom_water.svg
image
Antarctic bottom water

values:
navbox-image
10
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Princeton_Ocean_Model
mw-redirect
Princeton Ocean Model

values:
/wiki/Marginal_sea
mw-redirect
Marginal sea

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/236956031

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4317501-6

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from October 2007

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2008

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Mid-ocean_ridge
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: ظهر المحيط – Arabic

values: সামুদ্রিক শৈলশিরা – Bangla

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceanryg
Oceanryg – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values: Μεσοωκεάνια ράχη – Greek

values: پشته میانی اقیانوس – Persian

values: Միջինօվկիանոսային լեռնաշղթա – Armenian

values: मध्य-महासागर पर्वतमाला – Hindi

values: רכס מרכז-אוקייני – Hebrew

values: შუაოკეანური ქედები – Georgian

values: Vandenyno vidurio kalnagūbris – Lithuanian

values: ਮੱਧ-ਸਮੁੰਦਰੀ ਵੱਟ – Punjabi

values: Срединно-океанический хребет – Russian

values: Средњоокеански гребен – Serbian

values: நடுக்கடல் முகடு – Tamil

values: เทือกเขากลางสมุทร – Thai

values: Океанічні хребти – Ukrainian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Mid-ocean_ridge rootpage-Mid-ocean_ridge skin-vector action-view


text:
Anthony (given name)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Anthony
Gender
Masculine
Language(s)
English
Origin
Language(s)
Latin, from Etruscan
Word/name
Antonius
Other names
Variant form(s)
Antony, Antoine, Anton, Antun, Ante, Antonio, Anto
Pet form(s)
Ant, Antonino, Nino, Toni, Tony, Tone , Toño
Anthony or Antony is a masculine given name, derived from the Antonii, a gens (Roman family name) to which Mark Antony (Marcus Antonius) belonged. There was an ancient tradition that the Antonii gens were Heracleidae, being descendants of Anton, a son of Heracles. (Plut. Ant. 4)
"Anthony" is equivalent to Antoine in French; Antonio in Italian and Spanish; António or Antônio in Portuguese; Anton in Dutch, Galician, German, Icelandic, Romanian, Russian, and Scandinavian languages; Antal in Hungarian; and Antun or Ante in Croatian. The usual abbreviated form is Tony (sometimes "Tone" or "Ant" or "Anth"). Its use as a Christian name was due to the veneration of St Anthony the Great, the founder of Christian monasticism, particularly in Egypt . Also significant was the later cult of St Antony of Padua. The spelling with "h" is not found until the 16th century when William Camden incorrectly claimed that the name derived from the Greek ἄνθος (anthos, flower or possibly a small yellow bird such as a wagtail). The spelling pronunciation later became usual in the United States but not in the British Isles.[1]
In the United States, it is the seventh most popular male name as of 2008, according to the Social Security Administration.[2] When the background is Italian, Nino or Toni, shortened from Antonino, are used. Its popularity in the United Kingdom peaked during the 1940s, in 1944 it was the sixth most popular male name and was still as high as 14th in 1964.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Spelling and pronunciation
2 Translations and variants
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Spelling and pronunciation[edit]
The name was historically spelled Antony, as used in Shakespeare's play Antony and Cleopatra. In the 17th century, the letter "h" was inserted into the spelling on the mistaken belief that the name derived from the Greek word ανθος (anthos), meaning "flower".[4] In Britain, the historical pronunciation /ˈæntəni/ predominates for both spellings, while in the United States and Australia the spelling pronunciation /ˈænθəni/ is more common when the "Anthony" spelling is used.[5]
Translations and variants[edit]
Albanian: Andon (standard Albanian and Tosk Albanian dialect), Ndue (Gheg Albanian dialect)
Arabic: أنتوني, انطوان، انطون، طانيوس، مطانيوس
Basque: Andoni, Antton
Belarusian: Антось (Antoś), Энтані (Entani)
Bengali: এন্থনি (Ēnthoni), আন্তোনিও (Āntōni'ō)
Bosnian: Ante, Anto, Antonije, Toni
Bulgarian: Anton, Andon, Doncho
Catalan: Antoni, Toni
Chinese (Mandarin): 安东尼 (simplified), 安東尼 (traditional) (Āndōngní)
Croatian: Anton, Antonijo, Antonio, Antun, Ante, Anto, Tonči, Tonći, Toni
Czech: Antonín, Antek, Tonik, Tonda
Danish: Anton, Ante
Dutch: Anton, Antoon, Antonie, Antonius, Teun, Teunis, Theun, Theunis, Ton, Toon
Esperanto: Antono, Anĉjo
Estonian: Anton, Tõnis, Tõnu, Tõnn
Finnish: Anton, Anttoni, Antton, Antto, Toni
French: Antoine, Antonin
Galician: Antón
German: Anton, Toni
Greek: Αντώνιος (Antó̱nios), Αντώνης (Antonis), Andonios, Andonis
Gujarati: એન્થની (Ēnthanī)
Hawaiian: Anakoni, Akoni
Hebrew: אנטוני המלך, טוני
Hindi: एंथनी (Ēnthanī)
Hungarian: Antal, Tóni
Irish: Antaine, Antoine, Antóin
Italian: Antonio, Antonino, Antonello, Nino, Tonino, Tonio, Totò
Japanese: アンソニー (Ansonī)
Kannada: ಆಂಟನಿ (Āṇṭani)
Korean: 안토니 (Antoni)
Latin: Antonius, Antoninus
Latvian: Antonijs, Antons
Lithuanian: Antanas
Macedonian: Anton, Antonij, Andon, Doncho
Marathi: अंन्थोनी (Annthōnī)
Malayalam: ആൻ്റണി (Antoni), അന്തോനി (Anthōnī)
Mongolian: Антони (Antoni)
Nepali: एन्थोनी (Ēnthōnī)
Norwegian: Anton
Persian: آنتونی
Polish: Antoni, Antek, Antonin, Tolek, Tonek
Portuguese: António, Antão
Portuguese (Brazilian): Antônio
Romanian: Anton
Russian: Антон (Anton)
Serbian: Антоније (Antonije), Анто (Anto)
Sheng: Anto, Toni
Slovak: Anton, Tóno
Slovene: Anton, Tone
Spanish: Antonio, Antón, Toño (diminutive)
Swahili: Antoni, Antonio, Toni
Swedish: Anton, Ante
Sylheti: আন্তনি (Antoni)
Tagalog: Antonio, Anton, Onyo, Onying, Ton, Tonio, Tonyo, Tunying
Tamil: அந்தோணி (Antōṇi)
Telugu: ఆంథోనీ (Ānthōnī)
Thai: แอนโทนี่ (Xæ n tho nī̀)
Ukrainian: Ентоні (Entoni), Anton, Antin
Urdu: انتھونی
See also[edit]
Disambiguation pages for other meanings
Anthony (disambiguation)
Tony (disambiguation)
Disambiguation pages for other spellings
Andoni (given name)
Anton (disambiguation)
Antoni
Antonis
Antonio
Antonius
Antony (disambiguation)
Antonia
Antoine
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Withycombe, E. G. (1950) The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names; 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press; pp. 26-27
Jump up ^ "Popular Baby Names". Ssa.gov. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
Jump up ^ "Anthony - Meaning And Origin Of The Name Anthony". BabyNames.co.uk. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
Jump up ^ Mike Campbell. "Meaning, Origin and History of the Name Anthony". Behindthename.com. Retrieved 2015-06-20.
Jump up ^ Wells, John C. (1990). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow, England: Longman. p. 30. ISBN 0-582-05383-8. entry "Anthony"
External links[edit]
BehindTheName.com entry (also contains a list of versions of Anthony in other languages)
This page or section lists people that share the same given name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anthony_(given_name)&oldid=824751058"
Categories:
Given names
Masculine given names
English masculine given names
Hidden categories:
Articles containing Greek-language text
All set index articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Deutsch
Հայերեն
Íslenska
Nederlands
Norsk
Edit links
This page was last edited on 9 February 2018, at 07:21.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

values: 2 navbox-abovebelow text-align:center

values:
/wiki/Antony_of_Padua
mw-redirect
Antony of Padua

values: Edit section: Spelling and pronunciation

values:
/wiki/Sheng_language
mw-redirect
Sheng language

values:
/wiki/Anthony_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Anthony (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Tony_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Tony (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Anton_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Anton (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Antony_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Antony (disambiguation)

values:
nofollow
http://www.ssa.gov/OACT/babynames/
external text

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: padding: 0.25em 0.4em; font-style: italic;

values: metadata plainlinks dmbox dmbox-setindex

values: Category:Articles containing Greek-language text

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Anthony_(given_name)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony
Anthony – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony
Anthony – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Anthony_given_name rootpage-Anthony_given_name skin-vector action-view