text:
Vietnam War casualties
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The American War Memorial of the dead Vietnamese soldiers, Vietnam (Hanoi).
The Vietnam Veterans Memorial, USA (Washington, D.C.).
Two major war memorials commemorating the dead soldiers in. the Second Indochina War (a.k.a. the Vietnam War and the American War).
Estimates of casualties of the Vietnam War vary widely. Estimates include both civilian and military deaths in North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
The conflict persisted from 1955 to 1975 and most of the fighting took place in South Vietnam; accordingly it suffered the most casualties. The war also spilled over into the neighboring countries of Cambodia and Laos which also endured casualties from aerial and ground fighting.
Civilian deaths caused by both sides amounted to a significant percentage of total deaths. Civilian deaths were partly caused by assassinations, massacres and terror tactics. Civilian deaths were also caused by mortar and artillery, extensive aerial bombing and the use of firepower in military operations conducted in heavily populated areas. Some 365,000 Vietnamese civilians are estimated by one source to have died as a result of the war during the period of American involvement.[1]
A number of incidents occurred during the war in which civilians were deliberately targeted or killed. The best-known are the Massacre at Huế and the My Lai massacre.
Contents
1 Total number of deaths
2 Civilian deaths in the Vietnam War
2.1 Deaths caused by North Vietnam/VC forces
2.2 Deaths caused by South Vietnam
2.3 Deaths caused by the American military
2.4 Deaths caused by the South Korean military
3 Army of the Republic of Vietnam
4 North Vietnamese and Viet Cong military deaths
5 United States armed forces
5.1 Disproportion of African American casualties
6 Aftereffects
7 Other nations' casualties
7.1 Military
8 References
9 External links
Total number of deaths[edit]
Waiting to Lift Off by James Pollock, Vietnam Combat Artists Program, CAT IV, 1967. Courtesy of National Museum of the U.S. Army
Estimates of the total number of deaths in the Vietnam War vary widely. The wide disparity among the estimates cited below is partially explained by the different time periods of the Vietnam War covered by the studies and whether casualties in Cambodia and Laos were included in the estimates.
Guenter Lewy in 1978 estimated 1,353,000 total deaths in North and South Vietnam during the period 1965–1974 in which the U.S. was most engaged in the war. Lewy reduced the number of VC and PAVN battle deaths claimed by the U.S. by 30 percent (in accordance with the opinion of United States Department of Defense officials), and assumed that one third of the battle deaths of the PAVN/VC were actually civilians. His estimate of total deaths is reflected in the table.[2]
Deaths in Vietnam War (1965–1974) per Guenter Lewy
Allied military deaths
282,000
NVA/VC military deaths
444,000
Civilian deaths (North and South Vietnam)
627,000
Total deaths
1,353,000

A 1995 demographic study in Population and Development Review calculated 791,000–1,141,000 war-related Vietnamese deaths, both soldiers and civilians, for all of Vietnam from 1965–75. The study came up with a most likely Vietnamese death toll of 882,000, which included 655,000 adult males (above 15 years of age), 143,000 adult females, and 84,000 children. Those totals include only Vietnamese deaths, and do not include American and other allied military deaths which amounted to about 64,000.[3] The study has been criticized for its small sample size, the imbalance in the sample between rural and urban areas, and the possible overlooking of clusters of high mortality rates.[4]
In 1995, the Vietnamese government released its estimate of war deaths for the more lengthy period of 1955–75. PAVN and VC deaths were reported as 1.1 million and civilian deaths of Vietnamese on both sides totaled 2.0 million. These estimates probably include deaths of Vietnamese soldiers in Laos and Cambodia, but do not include deaths of South Vietnamese and allied soldiers which would add nearly 300,000 for a grand total of 3.4 million military and civilian dead.[5]
A 2008 study by the BMJ (formerly British Medical Journal) came up with a higher toll of 3,812,000 dead in Vietnam between 1955–2002. For the period of the Vietnam War the totals are 1,310,000 between 1955 and 1964, 1,700,000 between 1965–74 and 810,000 between 1975 and 1984. (The estimates for 1955–64 are much higher than other estimates). The sum of those totals is 3,091,000 war deaths between 1955–75.[4]
Uppsala University in Sweden maintains the Armed Conflict Database. Their estimates for conflict deaths in Vietnam are 164,923 from 1955–64 and 1,458,050 from 1965–75 for a total of 1,622,973. The database also estimates combat deaths in Cambodia for the years 1967–75 to total 259,000. Data for deaths in Laos is incomplete.[6]
R. J. Rummel's mid-range estimate in 1997 was that the total deaths due to the Vietnam conflict totaled 2,450,000 from 1954–75. Rummel calculated PAVN/VC deaths at 1,062,000 and ARVN and allied war deaths of 741,000,with both totals include civilians inadvertently killed. He estimated that victims of democide (deliberate killing of civilians) included 214,000 by North Vietnam/VC and 98,000 by South Vietnam and its allies. Deaths in Cambodia and Laos were estimated at 273,000 and 62,000 respectively.[7]
Deaths in Vietnam War (1954–75) per R. J. Rummel (except where otherwise noted)[7]
Low estimate of deaths
Middle estimate of deaths
High estimate of deaths
Notes and comments
North Vietnam/Viet Cong military and civilian war dead
533,000 1,062,000 1,489,000 includes an estimated 50,000/65,000/70,000 civilians killed by U.S/SVN bombing/shelling[8]
South Vietnam/U.S./South Korea war military and civilian war dead
429,000 741,000 1,119,000 includes 360,000/391,000/720,000 civilians[9]
Democide by North Vietnam/Viet Cong
131,000 214,000 302,000 25,000/50,000/75,000 killed in North Vietnam, 106,000/164,000/227,000 killed in South Vietnam
Democide by South Vietnam
57,000 89,000 284,000 Democide is the murder of persons by or at the behest of governments.
Democide by the United States
4,000 6,000 10,000 Democide is the murder of persons by or at the behest of governments.
Democide by South Korea
3,000 3,000 3,000 Rummel does not give a medium or high estimate.
Subtotal Vietnam
1,156,000 2,115,000 3,207,000
Cambodians
273,000 273,000 273,000 Rummel estimates 212,000 killed by Khmer Rouge (1967–1975), 60,000 killed by U.S. and 1,000 killed by South Vietnam (1967–73). No estimate given for deaths caused by Viet Cong/North Vietnam (1954–75).[10]
Laotians
28,000 62,000 115,000 Source:[4]
Grand total of war deaths: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos (1954–75)
1,450,000 2,450,000 3,595,000
Civilian deaths in the Vietnam War[edit]
See also: List of massacres in Vietnam
Lewy estimates that 40,000 South Vietnamese civilians were assassinated by the PAVN/VC; 250,000 were killed as a result of combat in South Vietnam, and 65,000 were killed in North Vietnam. He suggests that another 222,000 civilians were counted as military deaths by the U.S. in compiling its "body count." His estimated total of civilian deaths is 587,000.[11][12][13] It was difficult to distinguish between civilians and military personnel in many instances as many individuals were part-time guerrillas or impressed laborers who did not wear uniforms.[14][15][16]
Deaths caused by North Vietnam/VC forces[edit]
The Viet Cong killed hundreds of Montagnard civilians at the village during the Battle of Dak Son, 1967
R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam.[17] Rummel's mid-level estimate includes 17,000 South Vietnamese civil servants killed by PAVN/VC. In addition, at least 36,000 Southern civilians were executed for various reasons in the period 1967–1972.[18] About 130 American and 16,000 South Vietnamese POWs died in captivity.[19] During the peak war years, another scholar Guenter Lewy attributed almost a third of civilian deaths to the VC.[20]
Thomas Thayer in 1985 estimated that during the 1965-72 period the VC killed 33,052 South Vietnamese village officials and civil servants.[21]
Deaths caused by South Vietnam[edit]
According to RJ Rummel, from 1964 to 1975, an estimated 1,500 people died during the forced relocations of 1,200,000 civilians, another 5,000 prisoners died from ill-treatment and about 30,000 suspected communists and fighters were executed. In Quảng Nam Province 4,700 civilians were killed in 1969. This totals, from a range of between 16,000 and 167,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam during the (Diệm-era), and 42,000 and 118,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam in the post Diệm-era), excluding PAVN forces killed by the ARVN in combat.[22] Operating under the direction of the CIA and other US and South Vietnamese Intel organizations and carried out by RVN units alongside US advisers was the Phoenix Program, intended to neutralise the VC political infrastructure, whom were the civilian administration of the Viet Cong/Provisional Revolutionary Government via infiltration, capture, counter-terrorism, interrogation, and assassination.[23] The program resulted in an estimated 26,000 to 41,000 killed, with an unknown number possibly being innocent civilians.[23]
Deaths caused by the American military[edit]
RJ Rummel estimated that American forces committed around 5,500 intentional democidal mass-killings between 1960 and 1972, from a range of between 4,000 and 10,000 killed in democide.[24] Benjamin Valentino attributes possibly 110,000–310,000 "counterguerrilla mass killings" to U.S. and South Vietnamese forces during the war.[25]
Estimates for the number of North Vietnamese civilian deaths resulting from US bombing range from 30,000–65,000.[26][3] Higher estimates place the number of civilian deaths caused by American bombing of North Vietnam in Operation Rolling Thunder at 182,000.[27] American bombing in Cambodia is estimated to have killed between 30,000 and 150,000 civilians and combatants.[25][28]
Burial of 300 unidentified victims from the Huế Massacre, killed by communist forces and found after the ARVN and U.S. Marines retook the area in March, 1968. U.S. Military photo[29][30]
18.2 million gallons of Agent Orange, some of which was contaminated with Dioxin, was sprayed by the U.S. military over more than 10% of Southern Vietnam,[31] as part of the U.S. herbicidal warfare program, Operation Ranch Hand, during the Vietnam War from 1961 to 1971. Vietnam's government claimed that 400,000 people were killed or maimed as a result of after effects, and that 500,000 children were born with birth defects.[32] The United States government has challenged these figures as being unreliable.[33]
Guenter Lewy estimates that around 220,000 civilians in South Vietnam were killed in US, ARVN and other allied land operations and miscounted as "enemy KIA".[34] For official US military operations reports, there are no established distinctions between enemy KIA and civilian KIA, since body counts was a direct measure of operational success often caused US "operations reports" to list civilians killed as enemy KIA.[35] The pressure to produce body counts as a measure of operational success often caused US "operations reports" to list civilians killed as enemy KIA[36] with one prominent example being the My Lai Massacre written off as an operational success.[37][38] It was assumed by US forces that, were an area is declared a free-fire zone that all individuals killed regardless of whether they were combatants or not, were considered enemy KIA.[39] This it is suggested explains the discrepancies between recovered weapons and body-count figures, alongside inflation.[34] Official operations reports rarely made a distinction between civilians killed and actual combatants, drastically inflating the numbers of "enemies killed" as it was directly tied to promotions and commendation.[40][38] At other times US-committed atrocities were often tied to or blamed on the NVA/VC to skirt punishment.[40] There are further claims made that when air-strikes or artillery were called in on villages, usually civilian casualties were reported as "enemies killed".[40][38] An alleged massacre in which the killed was reported as "enemy KIA" was the Thuy Bo massacre.
German historian Bernd Greiner mentions the following war crimes reported, and/or investigated by the Peers Commission and the Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, among other sources:[41]
Seven massacres officially confirmed by the American side. My Lai (4) and My Khe (4) claimed the largest number of victims with 420 and 90 respectively, and in five other places altogether about 100 civilians were executed. The My Lai Massacre, where civilians killed were described as enemy combatants, was initially reported as a battlefield victory.[42] This was especially true when areas would be declare a free-fire zone. Victories were often based on body-counts, which resulted in further distortions of actual combatant deaths.[43]
Two further massacres were reported by soldiers who had taken part in them, one north of Đức Pho in Quảng Ngãi Province in the summer of 1968 (14 victims), another in Bình Định Province on 20 July 1969 (25 victims).
Tiger Force, a special operations force, murdered hundreds, possibly over a thousand, civilians.
In the course of large-scale operations an unknown number of non-combatants were killed either accidentally or deliberately – with the Army Inspector General estimating that more than 5,000 died in the course of Operation Speedy Express. Excluding deaths from artillery and air attacks, the total number of dead may have reached tens of thousands during the entire war.
According to the Information Bureau of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam (PRG), between April 1968 and the end of 1970 American ground troops killed about 6,500 civilians in the course of twenty-one operations either on their own or alongside their allies. Three of the massacres reported on the American side were not mentioned on the PRG list.
Nick Turse, in his 2013 book, Kill Anything that Moves, argues that a relentless drive toward higher body counts, a widespread use of free-fire zones, rules of engagement where civilians who ran from soldiers or helicopters could be viewed as VC, and a widespread disdain for Vietnamese civilians led to massive civilian casualties and endemic war crimes inflicted by U.S. troops.[44] One example cited by Turse is Operation Speedy Express, an operation by the 9th Infantry Division, which was described by John Paul Vann as, in effect, "many My Lais".[44]
Air force captain, Brian Wilson, who carried out bomb-damage assessments in free-fire zones throughout the delta, saw the results firsthand. "It was the epitome of immorality...One of the times I counted bodies after an air strike—which always ended with two napalm bombs which would just fry everything that was left—I counted sixty-two bodies. In my report I described them as so many women between fifteen and twenty-five and so many children—usually in their mothers' arms or very close to them—and so many old people." When he later read the official tally of dead, he found that it listed them as 130 VC killed.[45]
Deaths caused by the South Korean military[edit]
United States Marine recovered victims bodies who were killed by South Korean Marines in Phong Nhi and Phong Nhat hamlets on February 12, 1968.[46]
The ROK Capital Division purportedly conducted the Bình An/Tây Vinh massacre in February/March 1966. The 2nd Marine Brigade purportedly conducted the Binh Tai Massacre on 9 October 1966.[47] In December 1966, the Blue Dragon Brigade purportedly conducted the Bình Hòa massacre.[48] The Second Marine Brigade conducted the Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre on 12 February 1968.[49][50] South Korean Marines purportedly conducted the Hà My massacre on 25 February 1968.[51] According to a study conducted in 1968 by a Quaker-funded Vietnamese-speaking American couple, Diane and Michael Jones, there were at least 12 mass-killings conducted by South Korean forces which approached the scale of the My Lai Massacre with reports of thousands of routine murders on civilians primarily the elderly, women and children.[52][53] A separate study by a RAND Corporation employee Terry Rambo conducted interviews in 1970 in ARVN/civilian areas on reported Korean atrocities.[54] Widespread reports of deliberate mass-killings were reported to have occurred, alleging that these were systemic, deliberate policies to massacre civilians with murders running into the hundreds.[54] These policies are also reported by US commanders, with one US Marine General stating "whenever the Korean marines received fire "or think (they got) fired on from a village ... they'd divert from their march and go over and completely level the village ... it would be a lesson to (the Vietnamese)."[55] Another Marine commander Gen. Robert E. Cushman Jr. added, "we had a big problem with atrocities attributed to them, which I sent on down to Saigon." [55] Investigations by Korean civic groups have alleged there were at-least 9000 civilians massacred by ROK forces.[56]
Army of the Republic of Vietnam[edit]
The ARVN suffered 254,256 recorded combat deaths between 1960 and 1974, with the highest number of recorded deaths being in 1972, with 39,587 combat deaths.[57] According to Guenter Lewy, the ARVN suffered between 171,331 and 220,357 deaths during the war.[11][21]:106 R.J. Rummel estimated that ARVN lost between 219,000 and 313,000 deaths during the war including in 1975 and prior to 1960.[17]
Year
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
Total (1960-1974)
ARVN combat deaths[58] 2,223 4,004 4,457 5,665 7,457 11,242 11,953 12,716 27,915 21,833 23,346 22,738 39,587 27,901 31,219 254,256
North Vietnamese and Viet Cong military deaths[edit]
RJ Rummel estimates 1,011,000 PAVN/VC combatant deaths.[59] The official US Department of Defense figure was 950,765 communist forces killed in Vietnam from 1965 to 1974. Defense Department officials believed that these body count figures need to be deflated by 30 percent. For this figure, Guenter Lewy assumes that one-third of the reported enemy killed may have been civilians, concluding that the actual number of deaths of the VC and PAVN military forces was probably closer to 444,000.[11]
Author Mark Woodruff noted that when the Vietnamese Government finally revealed its losses (in April 1995) as being 1.1 million dead, US body count figures had actually.[60]
The Phoenix Program, a counterinsurgency program executed by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), United States special operations forces, and the Republic of Vietnam's security apparatus, killed 26,369 suspected of being VC operatives and informants.[61][62]
Historian Christian Appy states "search and destroy was the principal tactic; and the enemy body count was the primary measure of progress" in the US strategy of attrition. Search and destroy was a term to describe operations aimed at flushing the Viet Cong out of hiding, while body count was the measuring stick for operation success. Competitions were held between units for the highest number of Vietnamese killed. U.S. Army and marine officers knew that promotions were largely based on confirmed kills. The pressure to produce confirmed kills resulted in massive fraud. One of the most thorough studies found that American commanders exaggerated body counts by 100 percent. Furthermore there was little distinction made between armed combatants, neutral civilians and unarmed individuals for "enemy KIA".[63]
According to the Vietnamese government's national survey and assessment of war casualties (2017), there were 849,018 PAVN/VC military personnel dead or missing, including combat death and non-combat death, from the period between 1955 and 1975.[64] Based on unit surveys, a rough estimate of 30-40% of dead and missing were non-combat deaths.[64] Across all three wars including the First Indochina War and the Third Indochina War there was a total of 1,146,250 PAVN/VC military deaths or missing, included 939,460 deaths (their bodies were found) and 207,000 missing (their bodies were not found). Per war: 191,605 deaths/missing in the First Indochina War, 849,018 deaths/missing in the Second Indochina War (Vietnam War), and 105,627 deaths/missing in the Third Indochina War.[64]
United States armed forces[edit]
U.S. Vietnam War deaths
Casualties as of 24 August 2018:
58,318 KIA or non-combat deaths (including the missing and deaths in captivity)[65]
153,303 WIA (excluding 150,332 persons not requiring hospital care)[66]
1,594 MIA (originally 2,646)[67]
766–778 POW (652–662 freed/escaped*,[68][69] 114–116 died in captivity)[68][70]
Note: *One escapee died of wounds sustained during his rescue 15 days later.[71]
During the Vietnam War, 30% of wounded service members died of their wounds.[72] 30-35% of American deaths in the war were non-combat or friendly fire deaths; the largest causes of death in the U.S. armed forces were small arms fire (31.8%), booby traps including mines and frags (27.4%), and aircraft crashes (14.7%).[73]
Disproportion of African American casualties[edit]
Blacks suffered disproportionately high casualty rates in Vietnam. In 1965 alone they comprised almost one out of every four combat deaths.[74][75] With the draft increasing due to the troop buildup in South Vietnam, the military significantly lowered its admission standards. In October 1966, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara initiated Project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year. McNamara claimed this program would provide valuable training, skills and opportunity to America's poor – a promise that was never carried out. Many black men who had previously been ineligible could now be drafted, along with many poor and racially intolerant white men from the southern states.[76][77]
The number of US military personnel in Vietnam jumped from 23,300 in 1965 to 465,600 by the end of 1967. Between October 1966 and June 1969, 246,000 soldiers were recruited through Project 100,000, of whom 41% were black, while blacks only made up about 11% of the population of the US.[76] Of the 27 million draft-age men between 1964 and 1973, 40% were drafted into military service, and only 10% were actually sent to Vietnam. This group was made up almost entirely of either work-class or rural youth. College students who did not avoid the draft were generally sent to non-combat and service roles or made officers, while high school drop-outs and the working class were sent into combat roles. Blacks often made up a disproportionate 25% to 80% or more of combat units, while constituting only 12% of the military.[74][78]
Civil rights leaders including Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X, John Lewis, Muhammad Ali, and others, criticized the racial disparity in both casualties and representation in the entire military, prompting the Pentagon to order cutbacks in the number of African Americans in combat positions. Commander George L. Jackson said, "In response to this criticism, the Department of Defense took steps to readjust force levels in order to achieve an equitable proportion and employment of Negroes in Vietnam." The Army instigated myriad reforms, addressed issues of discrimination and prejudice from the post exchanges to the lack of black officers, and introduced "Mandatory Watch And Action Committees" into each unit. This resulted in a dramatic decrease in the proportion of black casualties, and by late 1967, black casualties had fallen to 13%, and were below 10% in 1970 to 1972.[76][79] As a result, by the war's completion, total black casualties averaged 12.5% of US combat deaths, approximately equal to percentage of draft-eligible black men, though still slightly higher than the 10% who served in the military.[79]
South Vietnamese women and children in Mỹ Lai before being killed in the massacre, March 16, 1968
Aftereffects[edit]
Unexploded ordnance especially bombs dropped by the United States, continue to detonate and kill people today. The Vietnamese government claims that unexploded ordnance has killed some 42,000 people since the war officially ended.[80][81] In 2012 alone, unexploded bombs and other ordnance claimed 500 casualties in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, according to activists and government databases. The United States has spent over $65 million since 1998 in an attempt to make Vietnam safe.[82]
Agent Orange and similar chemical substances, have also caused a considerable number of deaths and injuries over the years, including the US Air Force crew that handled them. The government of Vietnam says that 4 million of its citizens were exposed to Agent Orange, and as many as 3 million have suffered illnesses because of it; these figures include the children of people who were exposed.[83] The Red Cross of Vietnam estimates that up to 1 million people are disabled or have health problems due to contaminated Agent Orange.[84]
On 9 August 2012, the United States and Vietnam began a cooperative cleaning up of the toxic chemical on part of Da Nang International Airport, marking the first time Washington has been involved in cleaning up Agent Orange in Vietnam. Da Nang was the primary storage site of the chemical. Two other cleanup sites the United States and Vietnam are looking at is Biên Hòa Air Base, in the southern province of Đồng Nai – a 'hotspot' for dioxin – and Phù Cát Air Base in Bình Định Province, says U.S. Ambassador to Vietnam David Shear. According to the Vietnamese newspaper Nhân Dân, the U.S. government is providing $41 million to the project, which will reduce the contamination level in 73,000 m3 of soil by late 2016.[85]
Other nations' casualties[edit]
Cambodian Civil War
275,000–310,000 killed[86][87][88]
Laotian Civil War
20,000–62,000 killed[4]
Military[edit]
South Korea
5,099 Killed in action
14,232 wounded
4 missing in action[89]
Australia
426 killed in action, 74 died of other causes[90]
3,129 wounded[90]
6 missing in action (all accounted for and repatriated)[91]
Thailand
351 killed in action[89][92]
1,358 wounded
New Zealand
37 killed in action plus 2 civilians[93][94]
187 wounded
Philippines
9 killed in action[95]
64 wounded[95]
Republic of China (Taiwan)
25 killed in action
People's Republic of China
1,446 killed in action[96]
Soviet Union
~16[97]
Great Britain
~1[98]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Special Providence: American Foreign Policy and How It Changed the World. Routledge. 2013. p. 219.
Jump up ^ Lewy, Guenter (1978), America in Vietnam, New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 442–453
^ Jump up to: a b Charles Hirschman et al., Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate, Population and Development Review, December 1995.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Obermeyer, Ziad; Murray, Christopher J. L.; Gakidou, Emmanuela (2008). "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme". BMJ. 336 (7659): 1482–1486. doi:10.1136/bmj.a137. PMC 2440905. PMID 18566045. See Table 3 for most estimates.
Jump up ^ Shenon, Philip, "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate, The New York Times, 23 April 1995
Jump up ^ "UCDP/Prio Armed Conflict Database", Uppsala University, http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/datasets/ucdp_prio_armed_conflict_dataset/ Archived 2015-08-11 at the Wayback Machine., accessed 24 Nov 2014
^ Jump up to: a b Rummel, R. J. "Statistics of Vietnamese Democide", Lines 777–785, http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB6.1B.GIF, accessed 24 Nov 2014
Jump up ^ Rummel, 1997, line 61
Jump up ^ Rummel, 1997, line 117
Jump up ^ https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/DBG.TAB9.1.GIF, accessed 24 Nov 2014
^ Jump up to: a b c Lewy, Guenter (1978). America in Vietnam. New York: Oxford University Press. Appendix 1, pp.450–453
Jump up ^ Thayer, Thomas C (1985). War Without Fronts: The American Experience in Vietnam. Boulder: Westview Press. Ch. 12.
Jump up ^ Wiesner, Louis A. (1988). Victims and Survivors Displaced Persons and Other War Victims in Viet-Nam. New York: Greenwood Press. p.310
Jump up ^ Willbanks, James H. (2008). The Tet Offensive: A Concise History. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 32. ISBN 0-231-12841-X.
Jump up ^ Rand Corporation SOME IMPRESSIONS OF VIET CONG VULNERABILITIES AN INTERIM REPORT 1965
Jump up ^ James J. F. Forest Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century 2007 ISBN 978-0275990343
^ Jump up to: a b Rummel 1997
Jump up ^ Michael Lee Lanning and Dan Cragg, Inside the VC and the NVA, (Ballantine Books, 1993), pp. 186–188
Jump up ^ Rummel 1997, Lines 457 & 459.
Jump up ^ Lewy, Guentner (1978), America in Vietnam New York: Oxford University Press., pp.272–3, 448–9.
^ Jump up to: a b Thayer, Thomas (1985). War without Fronts: The American experience in Vietnam. Westview Press. p. 51. ISBN 9781612519128.
Jump up ^ Rummel 1997 Lines 521, 540, 556, 563, 566, 569, 575
^ Jump up to: a b Miller, Edward (2017-12-29). "Opinion | Behind the Phoenix Program". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
Jump up ^ Rummel 1997 Lines 613]
^ Jump up to: a b Valentino, Benjamin (2005). Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century. Cornell University Press. p. 84. ISBN 9780801472732.
Jump up ^ Tucker, Spencer, ed. (2011). Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History. Volume Two. Santa Barbara, CA, p. 176
Jump up ^ "Battlefield:Vietnam Timeline". Pbs.org. Retrieved 31 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Kiernan, Ben; Owen, Taylor. "Bombs over Cambodia" (PDF). The Walrus (October 2006): 62–69. "Previously, it was estimated that between 50,000 and 150,000 Cambodian civilians were killed by the bombing. "Given the fivefold increase in tonnage revealed by the database, the number of casualties is surely higher." Kiernan and Owen later revised their estimate of 2.7 million tons of U.S. bombs dropped on Cambodia down to the previously accepted figure of roughly 500,000 tons: See Kiernan, Ben; Owen, Taylor (2015-04-26). "Making More Enemies than We Kill? Calculating U.S. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications". The Asia–Pacific Journal. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
Jump up ^ New York Times "Hue Massacre of 1968 Goes Beyond Hearsay" September 22, 1987
Jump up ^ Time magazine "THE MASSACRE OF HUE" Oct. 31, 1969
Jump up ^ Agent orange victims day, Tuoitre news 2013/08/11
Jump up ^ History.com Operation Ranch Hand and Agent Orange Retrieved 25/09/12
Jump up ^ "Defoliation" entry in Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2011). The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War (2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-85109-961-0.
^ Jump up to: a b Bellamy, Alex J. (2017-09-29). East Asia's Other Miracle: Explaining the Decline of Mass Atrocities. Oxford University Press. pp. 33–34. ISBN 9780191083785.
Jump up ^ "Body Count in Vietnam | HistoryNet". www.historynet.com. Retrieved 2018-06-04.
Jump up ^ "Body Count in Vietnam | HistoryNet". www.historynet.com. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
Jump up ^ http://ls-tlss.ucl.ac.uk/course-materials/POLS6016_65225
^ Jump up to: a b c Appy, Christian (1993). Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers and Vietnam. http://projectsmrj.pbworks.com/f/Working+Class+War+-+Christian+Appy.pdf: UNC Chapel Hill. p. 273.
Jump up ^ https://thevietnamwar.info/free-fire-zone/
^ Jump up to: a b c "Declassification of the BDM Study, "The Strategic Lessons Learned in Vietnam"" (PDF). Defense Technical Center. p. 225-234. [dead link]
Jump up ^ Greiner, Bernd (2010). War Without Fronts: The USA in Vietnam. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300168047.
Jump up ^ http://ls-tlss.ucl.ac.uk/course-materials/POLS6016_65225
Jump up ^ "'Anything That Moves': Civilians And The Vietnam War". www.wbur.org. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
^ Jump up to: a b Turse 2013, p. 251.
Jump up ^ Turse 2013, p. 212.
Jump up ^ Kim Chang-seok (2000-11-15). 편견인가, 꿰뚫어 본 것인가 미군 정치고문 제임스 맥의 보고서 "쿠앙남성 주둔 한국군은 무능·부패·잔혹". Hankyoreh (in Korean). Retrieved 2012-10-14.
Jump up ^ Armstrong, Charles (2001). "America's Korea, Korea's Vietnam". Critical Asian Studies. Routledge. 33 (4): 530.
Jump up ^ "On War extra – Vietnam's massacre survivors". Al Jazeera. 2009-01-04. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
Jump up ^ Go Gyeong-tae (2001-04-24). 특집 "그날의 주검을 어찌 잊으랴" 베트남전 종전 26돌, 퐁니·퐁넛촌의 참화를 전하는 사진을 들고 현장에 가다. Hankyoreh (in Korean). Retrieved 2012-10-14.
Jump up ^ 여기 한 충격적인 보고서가 있다 미국이 기록한 한국군의 베트남 학살 보고서 발견. Ohmynews (in Korean). 2000-11-14. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
Jump up ^ Kwon, Heonik. After the massacre: commemoration and consolation in Ha My and My Lai. University of California Press. p. 2. ISBN 9780520247970.
Jump up ^ Chomsky, Noam; Herman, Edward (1973). Counter-Revolutionary Violence:Bloodbaths in fact and propaganda (PDF). Warner Modular Publications.
Jump up ^ Journal, The Asia Pacific. "Anatomy of US and South Korean Massacres in the Vietnamese Year of the Monkey, 1968 | The Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus". apjjf.org. Retrieved 2018-05-12.
^ Jump up to: a b https://www.nytimes.com/1970/01/10/archives/vietnam-killings-laid-to-koreans-researcher-says-he-found-evidence.html
^ Jump up to: a b CNN, James Griffiths,. "The 'forgotten' My Lai: South Korea's Vietnam War massacres". CNN. Retrieved 2018-05-27.
Jump up ^ "Citizens' court to investigate Vietnam War atrocities committed by South Korean troops". Retrieved 2018-06-03.
Jump up ^ Clarke, Jeffrey J. (1988), United States Army in Vietnam: Advice and Support: The Final Years, 1965–1973, Washington, D.C: Center of Military History, United States Army, p. 275
Jump up ^ Clarke, Jeffrey J. (1988), United States Army in Vietnam: Advice and Support: The Final Years, 1965–1973, Washington, D.C: Center of Military History, United States Army, p. 275
Jump up ^ Rummel 1997, Line 102.
Jump up ^ Woodruff, Mark (1999). Unheralded Victory: Who won the Vietnam war?. Harper Collins. p. 211. ISBN 0004725190.
Jump up ^ McCoy, Alfred W. (2006). A question of torture: CIA interrogation, from the Cold War to the War on Terror. Macmillan. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-8050-8041-4.
Jump up ^ Harbury, Jennifer (2005). Truth, torture, and the American way: the history and consequences of U.S. involvement in torture. Beacon Press. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-8070-0307-7.
Jump up ^ Appy, Christian G. (2000). Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers and Vietnam. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 153-156.
^ Jump up to: a b c Chuyên đề 4 CÔNG TÁC TÌM KIẾM, QUY TẬP HÀI CỐT LIỆT SĨ TỪ NAY ĐẾN NĂM 2020 VÀ NHỮNG NĂM TIẾP THEO, datafile.chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/Quản%20lý%20chỉ%20đạo/Chuyên%20đề%204.doc
Jump up ^ 3 new names added to Vietnam Veterans Memorial wall
Jump up ^ US Military Operations: Casualty Breakdown
Jump up ^ "Vietnam-era unaccounted for statistical report" (PDF). 24 August 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Vietnam War Statistics
Jump up ^ [1] [2]
Jump up ^ American Vietnam War Casualty Statistics
Jump up ^ Vietnam Prisoners of War – Escapes and Attempts
Jump up ^ Scott McGaugh (16 September 2012). "Learning from America's Wars, Past and Present U.S. Battlefield Medicine Has Come a Long Way, from Antietam to Iraq". San Diego Union Tribune. Archived from the original on 27 July 2014. Retrieved 22 February 2013.
Jump up ^ The American War Library. [www.americanwarlibrary.com/vietnam/vwc1.htm Vietnam War Casualties and Cause.] Data compiled William F. Abbott from figures obtained shortly after the construction of the Vietnam War Memorial.
^ Jump up to: a b Fighting on Two Fronts: African Americans and the Vietnam War; Westheider, James E.; New York University Press; 1997; pgs. 11–16
Jump up ^ African-Americans In Combat
^ Jump up to: a b c War within war; The Guardian; September 14, 2001; James Maycock
Jump up ^ Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers & Vietnam; Appy, Christian; University of North Carolina Press; 2003; pgs. 31–33
Jump up ^ Vietnam: The Soldier's Revolt
^ Jump up to: a b Working-Class War: American Combat Soldiers and Vietnam: American Combat
Jump up ^ "Vietnam War Bomb Explodes Killing Four Children". Huffington Post. 3 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Vietnam war shell explodes, kills two fishermen The Australian (April 28, 2011)
Jump up ^ "Vietnam War Bombs Still Killing People 40 Years Later". The Huffington Post. 2013-08-14.
Jump up ^ Ben Stocking for AP, published in the Seattle Times May 22, 2010 [seattletimes.com/html/health/2011928849_apasvietnamusagentorange.html Vietnam, US still in conflict over Agent Orange]
Jump up ^ Jessica King (2012-08-10). "U.S. in first effort to clean up Agent Orange in Vietnam". CNN. Retrieved 2012-08-11.
Jump up ^ "U.S. starts its first Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam". Reuters. August 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Heuveline, Patrick (2001). "The Demographic Analysis of Mortality in Cambodia". Forced Migration and Mortality. National Academy Press. pp. 103–104. ISBN 9780309073349. Subsequent reevaluations of the demographic data situated the death toll for the [civil war] in the order of 300,000 or less.
Jump up ^ Banister, Judith; Johnson, E. Paige (1993). "After the Nightmare: The Population of Cambodia". Genocide and Democracy in Cambodia: The Khmer Rouge, the United Nations and the International Community. Yale University Southeast Asia Studies. p. 87. ISBN 9780938692492. An estimated 275,000 excess deaths. We have modeled the highest mortality we can justify for the early 1970s.
Jump up ^ Sliwinski, Marek (1995). Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique. Paris: L'Harmattan. pp. 42–43, 48. ISBN 978-2-738-43525-5. Of 310,000 estimated Cambodian Civil War deaths, Sliwinski attributes 46.3% to firearms, 31.7% to assassinations (a tactic primarily used by the Khmer Rouge), 17.1% to (mainly U.S.) bombing, and 4.9% to accidents.
^ Jump up to: a b KOREA military army official statistics, AUG 28, 2005 Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b "Vietnam War, 1962–72 – Statistics". Australian War Memorial. 2003. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
Jump up ^ "Australian servicemen listed as missing in action in Vietnam". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
Jump up ^ The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History By Spencer C. Tucker "https://books.google.com/books?id=qh5lffww-KsC&lpg=PA53&dq=the%20encyclopedia%20of%20the%20vietnam%20war%20page%2064&pg=PA176&output=embed"
Jump up ^ "New Zealand Rolls Of Honour – By Conflict". Freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
Jump up ^ "Overview of the war in Vietnam | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War". Vietnamwar.govt.nz. 1965-07-16. Archived from the original on 2013-07-26. Retrieved 2012-09-25.
^ Jump up to: a b Asian Allies in Viet-Nam
Jump up ^ Womack, Brantly (2006). China and Vietnam: The Politics of Asymmetry. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521618342.
Jump up ^ James F. Dunnigan; Albert A. Nofi (2000). Dirty Little Secrets of the Vietnam War: Military Information You're Not Supposed to Know. Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-25282-X.
Jump up ^ Martin Porter. Did UK Forces (SAS) serve in Vietnam?.
External links[edit]
National Archives AAD Searchable database.
The Vietnam Center and Archive. Texas Tech University.
Vietnam War Casualties Records search by names and/or dates.
Vietnamese Casualties During the American war
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vietnam_War_casualties&oldid=864452646"
Categories:
People of the Vietnam War
Vietnam War casualties
Deaths in Vietnam
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from August 2018
CS1 uses Korean-language script (ko)
CS1 Korean-language sources (ko)
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Български
Русский
Tiếng Việt
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 October 2018, at 09:04 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: img

attrs: href class

attrs: class style

values: thumbcaption clear:left

values:
/wiki/My_Lai_massacre
mw-redirect
My Lai massacre

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/National_Museum
mw-redirect
National Museum

values:
/wiki/British_Medical_Journal
mw-redirect
British Medical Journal

values:
/wiki/R._J._Rummel
mw-redirect
R. J. Rummel

values: Edit section: Civilian deaths in the Vietnam War

values: Edit section: Deaths caused by North Vietnam/VC forces

values:
/wiki/Dak_Son_Massacre
mw-redirect
Dak Son Massacre

values: Edit section: Deaths caused by South Vietnam

values: Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam

values: Edit section: Deaths caused by the American military

values:
/wiki/Dioxin_(chemical)
mw-redirect
Dioxin (chemical)

values:
/wiki/Birth_defects
mw-redirect
Birth defects

values:
/wiki/Peers_Commission
mw-redirect
Peers Commission

values: Edit section: Deaths caused by the South Korean military

values:
/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Marines
mw-redirect
Republic of Korea Marines

values:
/wiki/ROK_Capital_Division
mw-redirect
ROK Capital Division

values:
/wiki/Blue_Dragon_Brigade
mw-redirect
Blue Dragon Brigade

values: Edit section: Army of the Republic of Vietnam

values: Edit section: North Vietnamese and Viet Cong military deaths

values: Edit section: United States armed forces

values: Edit section: Disproportion of African American casualties

values:
/wiki/John_Lewis_(Georgia_politician)
mw-redirect
John Lewis (Georgia politician)

values:
/wiki/Red_Cross_of_Vietnam
mw-redirect
Red Cross of Vietnam

values:
/wiki/Bi%C3%AAn_H%C3%B2a_Air_Base
mw-redirect
Biên Hòa Air Base

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.a137

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18566045

values:
/wiki/Rand_Corporation
mw-redirect
Rand Corporation

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.mrfa.org/vnstats.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.axpow.org/vietnamescapes.pdf

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.vietnamwar.govt.nz/resources

values:
/wiki/Albert_A._Nofi
mw-redirect
Albert A. Nofi

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.vietnamwarcasualties.org

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from August 2018

values: Category:CS1 uses Korean-language script (ko)

values: Category:CS1 Korean-language sources (ko)

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Vietnam_War_casualties
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: Жертви на Виетнамската война – Bulgarian

values: Людские потери во Вьетнамской войне – Russian

values: Tổn thất nhân mạng trong Chiến tranh Việt Nam – Vietnamese

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Vietnam_War_casualties rootpage-Vietnam_War_casualties skin-vector action-view


text:
One Tree Hill (season 5)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
One Tree Hill (season 5)
One Tree Hill Season 5 DVD cover
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
18
Release
Original network
The CW
Original release
January 8 (2008-01-08) – May 19, 2008 (2008-05-19)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 4
Next →
Season 6
List of One Tree Hill episodes
The fifth season of One Tree Hill, an American television series, began on January 8, 2008 with a two-hour episode. This is the second season to air on The CW television network. Season five is set four years into the future from the season 4 finale, and after the main characters have graduated from college.
Production for this season of One Tree Hill, along with production for all other American scripted television shows, was caught in the middle of a contract dispute between the Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE), Writers Guild of America, west (WGAw) and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers (AMPTP). The dispute led to a strike by the writers, which has caused a lack in episodes being produced.[1] The season was to conclude in June 2008, after twenty-two episodes,[2] but the season had been shortened to twelve episodes due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. With the strike resolved, the CW announced that six more episodes would be produced bringing the episode count to eighteen.[3]
Contents
1 Overview
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Regular
2.2 Recurring
3 Episodes
4 Production
4.1 Writers Strike
4.2 New and returning characters
5 One Tree Hill: Fast Forward
6 Reception
7 DVD release
8 References
9 External links
Overview[edit]
Four years after high school; Karen is travelling the world with her daughter, Lily and boyfriend, Andy. Lucas has a new girlfriend, Lindsey, and a best-selling book. Brooke's fashion line has taken off, but she still feels like her life is missing something. Haley has become a teacher at Tree Hill high. Nathan is in a wheelchair after a bar accident, and has to deal with recuperating and a future that possibly has no basketball in it. Peyton's career didn't take off in L.A., and she returns to Tree Hill still mourning the end of her relationship with Lucas. Dan is released from jail and is hoping for forgiveness. Deb becomes Jamie's nanny after the previous one kidnapped him, tried to steal Nathan, and tried to kill Haley. Mouth begins a new relationship with Brooke's assistant Millicent and tries to become successful in the sports reporting world.
Cast and characters[edit]
See also: List of One Tree Hill characters
Regular[edit]
Chad Michael Murray as Lucas Scott (18 episodes)
James Lafferty as Nathan Scott (18 episodes)
Hilarie Burton as Peyton Sawyer (18 episodes)
Bethany Joy Galeotti as Haley James Scott (18 episodes)
Sophia Bush as Brooke Davis (18 episodes)
Lee Norris as Mouth McFadden (15 episodes)
Antwon Tanner as Antwon "Skills" Taylor (14 episodes)
Jackson Brundage as James Lucas Scott (16 episodes)
Paul Johansson as Dan Scott (11 episodes)
Recurring[edit]
Michaela McManus as Lindsey Strauss (15 episodes)
Robbie Jones as Quentin Fields (12 episodes)
Lisa Goldstein as Millicent Huxtable (11 episodes)
Torrey DeVitto as Carrie (10 episodes)
Daphne Zuniga as Victoria Davis (7 episodes)
Kate Voegele as Mia Catalano (7 episodes)
Bradley Evans as Jerry (6 episodes)
Cullen Moss as Junk Moretti (5 episodes)
Joe Manganiello as Owen Morello (5 episodes)
Kelly Collins Lintz as Alice (5 episodes)
Vaughn Wilson as Fergie Thompson (5 episodes)
Barbara Alyn Woods as Deb Lee (4 episodes)
Danneel Harris as Rachel Gatina (2 episodes)
Stephen Colletti as Chase Adams (2 episodes)
Kieren Hutchison as Andy Hargrove (2 episodes)
Barry Corbin as Whitey Durham (1 episode)
Bevin Prince as Bevin Mirskey (1 episode)
Brett Claywell as Tim Smith (1 episode)
Moira Kelly as Karen Roe (1 episode)
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of One Tree Hill episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)
89
1 "4 Years, 6 Months, 2 Days" Greg Prange Mark Schwahn January 8, 2008 (2008-01-08) 3T6801 3.36[5]
It's four years into the future and the Tree Hill gang has finished college. Lucas published a book and is dating his editor Lindsay; Brooke made it big in the fashion industry with her store "Clothes Over Bros"; Peyton's pursuing a career in the music business; Haley and Nathan are in a strained marriage after Nathan's accident, which has left him temporarily paralyzed, and they raise a now older Jamie.[4]
This episode is named after a song by Tree Fort Angst.
90
2 "Racing Like a Pro" Paul Johansson Mark Schwahn January 8, 2008 (2008-01-08) 3T6802 3.57[5]
Peyton and Brooke move back to Tree Hill and meet Lucas' girlfriend Lindsay; Haley tells Nathan she and Jamie will leave him if he doesn't change his ways; Lucas and Skills prepare Jamie to compete in a race car competition; Mouth gets a job but his boss Alice hates him.[6]
This episode is named after a song by The National.
91
3 "My Way Home Is Through You" David Jackson John A. Norris January 15, 2008 (2008-01-15) 3T6803 2.72[8]
Lindsay fears that Peyton might threaten her relationship with Lucas. Nathan visits Dan in prison and gives him a picture of Jamie. Haley tries to get a student, Quentin, back in school. Brooke opens her store "Clothes Over Bros". in Karen's Cafe. Peyton signs her first band on her new label.[7]
This episode is named after a song by My Chemical Romance.
92
4 "It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)" Janice Cooke Adele Lim January 22, 2008 (2008-01-22) 3T6804 3.04[10]
Peyton has her hands full with a musician who turns out to be problematic; Mouth's in a relationship with his boss Alice and dating her is how he's keeping his job. Brooke faces problems with her insane mother Victoria. Nathan helps Haley in helping Quentin.[9]
This episode is named after a song by Bob Dylan.
93
5 "I Forgot to Remember to Forget" Liz Friedlander Terrence Coli January 29, 2008 (2008-01-29) 3T6805 2.79[12]
Three years in the past, Lucas visits Peyton in Los Angeles with an offer that will change their relationship forever; Victoria (Daphne Zuniga) pressures Brooke to make a difficult decision about the future of her clothing line.[11]
This episode is named after a song by Elvis Presley.
94
6 "Don't Dream It's Over" Thomas J. Wright Mark Schwahn February 5, 2008 (2008-02-05) 3T6806 2.86[14]
It's confrontation time in Tree Hill, as Lucas confronts Peyton about her nasty behavior towards Lindsey and Brooke must confront Victoria about meddling with Peyton's record label. Nathan begins to grow closer to Nanny Carrie, Haley continues to struggle in dealing with Quentin, and Mouth must choose sides between his co-workers or Alice.[13]
This episode is named after a song by Crowded House.
95
7 "In Da Club" Greg Prange Mike Herro & David Strauss February 12, 2008 (2008-02-12) 3T6807 3.16[16]
Brooke sets Mouth on a blind date with her assistant Millicent, and finds out about Mouth and his boss. After kissing Peyton, Lucas asks Lindsey to marry him. Carrie tries to seduce Nathan. The Honorary Title performs at Tric, and Mia performs her song, "No Good".[15]
This episode is named after a song by 50 Cent.
96
8 "Please Please Please Let Me Get What I Want" Paul Johansson Mike Daniels February 19, 2008 (2008-02-19) 3T6808 2.85[18]
Brooke has a crush on the new bartender Owen. Carrie kisses Nathan. Haley is upset at Lucas for proposing to Lindsay and kissing Peyton. Quentin has to change his negative approach before the Ravens start the season-opening game. Mouth's boss Alice gets fired, and Mouth tries to win Millicent back.[17]
This episode is named after a song by The Smiths.
97
9 "For Tonight You're Only Here to Know" Joe Davola Mark Schwahn February 26, 2008 (2008-02-26) 3T6809 3.18[20]
At the first Raven's basketball game of the season, Haley, Brooke, Peyton, Lindsey and Mia find themselves locked in the Tree Hill High library where secrets abound come forward. Peyton learns a surprising fact that changes her mind about Lindsey while she and Haley try to help Brooke let go of Victoria.[19]
This episode is named after a song by The Distillers.
98
10 "Running to Stand Still" Clark Mathis William H. Brown March 4, 2008 (2008-03-04) 3T6810 2.93[22]
Haley finds Nathan and Carrie in a compromising position and kicks them both out. Brooke and Owen take a trip to New York. Peyton's old boss wants Mia signed at his label. Lucas gets a brief about Dan's hearing and goes with Nathan.[21]
This episode is named after a song by U2.
99
11 "You're Gonna Need Someone on Your Side" Michael J. Leone Zachary Haynes March 11, 2008 (2008-03-11) 3T6811 2.50[24]
On the eve of Lucas and Lindsey's marriage, they conspire to save Nathan and Haley's. Brooke sets Peyton up with an old boyfriend, while still dealing with Victoria. Rachel returns to Tree Hill, and Dan comes back hoping for a fresh start.[23]
This episode is named after a song by Morrissey.
100
12 "Hundred" Les Butler Mark Schwahn March 18, 2008 (2008-03-18) 3T6812 3.00[26]
It's Lucas and Lindsey's wedding day and Peyton must decide what to do about her feelings for Lucas. Nathan uses the occasion to attempt a reconciliation with Haley, and recently-paroled Dan shows up for the family reunion. Carrie kidnaps Jamie, but Dan steps in to intervene.[25]
This episode is named after a song by The Fray.
101
13 "Echoes, Silence, Patience, and Grace" Greg Prange Mark Schwahn April 14, 2008 (2008-04-14) 3T6813 2.80[28]
Lucas deals with being left at the altar by Lindsey, while Nathan and Haley deal with the repercussions of Jamie's abduction. Brooke is haunted by her past as she considers adopting, while Peyton gets a visit from an old friend.[27]
This episode is named after an album by Foo Fighters.
102
14 "What Do You Go Home To" Liz Friedlander Mark Schwahn April 21, 2008 (2008-04-21) 3T6814 2.92[30]
Lucas and Peyton discuss his aborted wedding, while Brooke gets a phone call that could change her life. Millicent and Mouth take a new step in their relationship. Haley takes the first tentative steps towards a new career, and Nathan contemplates what it would take to get his game back.[29]
This episode is named after a song by Explosions in the Sky.
103
15 "Life Is Short" Paul Johansson Eliza Delson April 28, 2008 (2008-04-28) 3T6815 2.57[32]
Lindsey returns to Tree Hill for Jamie's fifth birthday party, giving Lucas hope for their relationship. Brooke and Peyton prepare for life with a new baby. Dan tries to insert himself back into the lives of his family, ultimately revealing a secret to Nathan.[31]
This episode is named after a song by Butterfly Boucher.
104
16 "Cryin' Won't Help You Now" Greg Prange William H. Brown May 5, 2008 (2008-05-05) 3T6816 2.29[34]
Brooke deals with the difficulties of being a parent. Peyton visits Lindsey in New York. Quentin makes up with his enemies. Mouth gets his big-time shot. Lucas, Nathan, and Haley deal with Dan's condition and whether or not to tell Jamie.[33]
This episode is named after a song by Ben Harper.
105
17 "Hate Is Safer Than Love" Stuart Gillard Mark Schwahn May 12, 2008 (2008-05-12) 3T6817 2.72[36]
Lucas receives some devastating news from Lindsey. Brooke's foster baby undergoes heart surgery. Haley makes a decision about recording a new album. Skills and Nathan attempt a turn-around of the Ravens' season. Lucas makes a drunken, heart-wrenching confession to Peyton.[35]
This episode is named after a song by Ben Godwin.
106
18 "What Comes After the Blues" Mark Schwahn Mark Schwahn May 19, 2008 (2008-05-19) 3T6818 3.23[38]
Brooke is emotional about giving Angie back. Lucas deals with the aftermath of his actions in the game night scuffle. Haley has a musical breakthrough. Peyton gets news about a ghost from her past. Nathan and Jamie face their fears together. Lucas makes a call to one of the women that will change his life forever.[37]
This episode is named after a song by Magnolia Electric Co.
Production[edit]
L-R: Brooke (Bush), Haley (Galeotti), "Mouth" (Norris), "Skills" (Tanner), Nathan (Lafferty), Peyton (Burton) and Lucas (Murray).
On May 17, 2007, The CW announced that the show would return for a fifth season as a mid-season replacement. The show was dramatically retooled and set four years into the future - after the characters have already graduated from college. Until the show's return to the schedule, the network planned to post diaries online to fill in the intervening years in the characters' lives.[2][39] The fifth season began shooting on July 30, 2007 and premiered January 8, 2008. Dawn Ostroff confirmed on July 20, 2007 that One Tree Hill had a 22-episode order.[2]
Hilarie Burton confirmed on TRL that the show's fifth season would focus on their lives after college, citing the reason for this as "We've seen the high school dramas not do so well while they're in college, and another thing, we've done everything that everyone does in college". She said this will "enable them to do flashbacks and a lot of cool stuff with the characters".
Writers Strike[edit]
On November 5, 2007, a strike began between the Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE), Writers Guild of America, west (WGAw) and the Alliance of Motion Picture and Television Producers (AMPTP). The strike was speculated to force television shows to end their seasons early, because there would be no future scripts until a settlement was reached.[1] Due to the writer's strike, only twelve out of the twenty-two episodes ordered were thought to be produced. With the end in sight, Mark Schwahn stated, "Although we have six new episodes left, no one is more excited about the end of the strike than we are at One Tree Hill." On the February 5, 2008 episode, One Tree Hill's ratings were second only to Smallville for scripted dramas at the CW. Schwahn went on to say that "we'd love the opportunity to continue season five, and if the WGA's new contract is ratified, hopefully we'll be able to do just that. If not, we'll see you for season six."[3] On February 15, the CW announced that six additional episodes would be produced to wrap up the season due to the conclusion of the strike.[40]
New and returning characters[edit]
For season five, Jackson Brundage was cast as James Scott, the child of Nathan and Haley Scott.[41] Barry Corbin reprised his role as Whitey Durham for a flashback sequence.[11] Danneel Harris returned, as a recurring not main cast member, to portray Rachel Gatina, who is now a drug addict.[21] Moira Kelly also returned as Lucas' mother Karen Roe.[25] Barbara Alyn Woods reprised her role of Deb Lee in the fourteenth episode,[29] appearing in a total of four episodes.[31][35][37]
Cullen Moss and Vaughn Wilson returned as Junk Moretti and Fergie Thompson, living with Mouth and Skills.[4] Stephen Colletti reprised his guest role as Chase Adams, as did Kieren Hutchison as Andy Hargrove. Shawn Shepard returned to portray Tree Hill High's principal, Principal Turner, where Haley, Lucas and Skills now work.[6] Brett Claywell returned as Tim Smith, working as a pizza boy.[19] Bevin Prince also returned as Bevin Mirskey, married to Tim Smith, with whom she has a son, Nathan Smith.
Newcomer Michaela McManus was added to the cast for a multi-episode arc as Lindsey Strauss, a "tough but kind" New York editor assigned to work on Lucas' novel.[42] Daphne Zuniga guest starred as a "glamorous and intimidating" business exec who works with Brooke,[42] later revealed to be her mother.[7] Torrey DeVitto has signed on to play the nanny of Nathan and Haley's son in a multi-episode arc.[43] Robbie Jones joined the cast as Quentin Fields, a difficult student and member of the Ravens.[6] Kelly Collins Lintz became a guest as Mouth's boss Alice.[41] Lisa Goldstein was cast as Brooke's assistant as Millicent Huxtable.[41] Kevin Federline is appears in a multi-episode arc this season playing Jason,[44] as well as singer/songwriter Kate Voegele who portrays Mia.[41] Joe Manganiello has also been added as Owen, a bar tender at Tric.[41] Mary Kate Englehardt returned to play the role of Lily Roe Scott.
One Tree Hill: Fast Forward[edit]
On November 6, 2007, The CW posted the first One Tree Hill online diary, a series of six segments to be released before the start of the new season. One Tree Hill Fast Forward allows fans of the show to catch a glimpse of the lives of the six main characters at the beginning of the fifth season. The first Fast Forward diary features Sophia Bush's character, Brooke Davis.[41] The second diary, posted on November 13, featured Chad Michael Murray's character, Lucas Scott.[41] The third diary, posted on November 20, featured Hilarie Burton's character, Peyton Sawyer.[41] The fourth diary, posted on November 27, featured Lee Norris's character, Mouth McFadden.[41] The fifth diary, posted on December 4 featured the Scott family, consisting of Bethany Joy Galeotti's character, Haley James Scott and James Lafferty's character, Nathan Scott.[41] The sixth and last diary, posted on December 11, featured all the new faces of the show, commented by Mark Schwahn, Joe Davola, the six main teens and the above listed new faces (minus Jamie).[41]
Reception[edit]
The season opening to 3.36 million viewers and a 1.5 adults 18-49 rating.[5] Episode two aired back-to-back with the season premiere and achieved season highs in viewers (3.57 m) and adults 18-49 (1.6).[5] The season finale matched season highs in adults 18-49 with a 1.6 rating.[38]
The season averaged 3.33 million viewers and a 1.2 Adults 18-49 rating in its original Tuesday 9/8C.[45] After its move to Mondays at 9/8c, it averaged 2.78 million viewers and a 1.0 rating.[45]
DVD release[edit]
The DVD release of season five was released after the season has completed broadcast on television. It has been released in Region 1. As well as every episode from the season, the DVD release features bonus material such as audio commentaries on some episodes from the creator and cast, deleted scenes, gag reels and behind-the-scenes featurettes.
The Complete Fifth Season
Set details Special features
18 episodes
759 minutes (Region 1); 777 minutes (Region 2); 810 minutes (Region 4)
5-disc set
1.78:1 aspect ratio
Languages:
English (Dolby Digital 5.1)
Subtitles:
English, Spanish French (Region 1)
Audio commentaries
"For Tonight You're Only Here to Know" - with creator/executive producer/writer Mark Schwahn, and actresses Michaela McManus Kate Voegele
"Hundred" - with creator/executive producer/co-writer Mark Schwahn and executive producers Joe Davola and Greg Prange.
Deleted scenes
Episodes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11
Gag reel
"One Tree Hill Fast Forward"
"One Tree Hill Musical Stars"
Kate Voegele "Only Fooling Myself" music video
Release dates
United States United Kingdom Australia
August 26, 2008 October 6, 2008 April 1, 2009
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Michael Cieply; Brooks Barnes (November 2, 2007). "Writers Say Strike to Start Monday". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-11-06.
^ Jump up to: a b c Live Press Tour Diary: CW - Ausiello Report | TVGuide.com Archived 2008-09-05 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b Watch with Kristin - Strikewatch Exclusive (Updated)! TV Bosses Reveal What's Next for Our Favorite Shows
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Schwahn (writer) & Gregory Prange (director) (2008-01-08). "4 Years, 6 Months, 2 Days". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 1. The CW Television Network.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Russ T.C. (2008-01-16). "Broadcast TV Ratings for January 15, 2008". Entertainment Now. Retrieved 2008-01-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c Mark Schwahn (writer) & Paul Johansson (director) (2008-01-08). "Racing Like a Pro". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 2. The CW.
^ Jump up to: a b John A. Norris (writer) & David Jackson (director) (2008-01-15). "My Way Home is Through You". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 3. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (January 23, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, January 22, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Adele Lim (writer) & Janice Cooke (director) (2008-01-22). "It's All Right, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 4. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (January 30, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, January 29, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Terrence Coli (writer) & Liz Friedlander (director) (2008-01-29). "I Forgot to Remember to Forget". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 5. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (February 6, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, February 5, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Mark Schwahn (writer) & Thomas J. Wright (director) (2008-02-05). "Don't Dream It's Over". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 6. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (February 13, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, February 12, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Mike Herro and David Strauss (writers) & Gregory Prange (director) (2008-02-12). "In Da Club". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 7. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (February 20, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, February 19, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Mike Daniels (writer) & Paul Johansson (director) (2008-02-19). "Please Please Please Let Me Get What I Want". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 8. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (February 27, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, February 26, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Schwahn (writer) & Joe Davola (director) (2008-02-26). "For Tonight You're Only Here to Know". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 9. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (March 5, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, March 4, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b William H. Brown (writer) & Clark Mathis (director) (2008-03-04). "Running to Stand Still". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 10. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (March 12, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, March 11, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Zachary Haynes (writer) & Micheal J. Leone (director) (2008-03-11). "You're Gonna Need Someone on Your Side". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 11. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (March 19, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Tuesday, March 18, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Schwahn (writer) & Les Butler (director) (2008-03-18). "Hundred". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 12. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (April 15, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, April 14, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Mark Schwahn (writer) & Greg Prange (director) (2008-04-14). "Echoes, Silence, Patience, and Grace". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 13. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (April 22, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, April 21, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Schwahn (writer) & Liz Friedlander (director) (2008-04-21). "What Do You Go Home To". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 14. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (April 29, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, April 28, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Elisa Delson (writer) & Paul Johansson (director) (2008-04-28). "Life Is Short". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 15. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (May 6, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, May 5, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ William H.Brown (writer) & Greg Prange (director) (2008-05-05). "Cryin' Won't Help You Now". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 16. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (May 13, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, May 12, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Schwahn (writer) & Stuart Gilliard (director) (2008-05-12). "Hate Is Safer Than Love". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 17. The CW.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (May 21, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, May 19, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Schwahn (writer and director) (2008-05-19). "What Comes After The Blues". One Tree Hill. Season 5. Episode 18. The CW.
^ Jump up to: a b Calabria, Rosario (May 27, 2008). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, May 26, 2008". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved April 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ CW announces fall schedule
Jump up ^ Russ T.C. (2008-02-15). "The CW Announces Return of Lineup". Entertainment Now. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k One Tree Hill Fast Forward
^ Jump up to: a b As a late birthday gift, could you give me anything on - Ask Ausiello | TVGuide.com
Jump up ^ Exclusive: One Tree Hill Adds Another Beautiful Person - Ausiello Report | TVGuide.com
Jump up ^ K-Fed to Rock 'One Tree Hill' - Kevin Federline gets his second shot at an Emmy - Zap2it
^ Jump up to: a b "Weekly Program Rankings". ABC Medianet. 2008-05-28. Archived from the original on 2009-01-07. Retrieved 2009-03-28.
External links[edit]
Official website
One Tree Hill on IMDb
hide
v
t
e
One Tree Hill
Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Season 6
Season 7
Season 8
Season 9
Characters
Lucas Scott
Nathan Scott
Peyton Sawyer
Episodes
"Pilot"
"With Tired Eyes, Tired Minds, Tired Souls, We Slept"
"4 Years, 6 Months, 2 Days"
Related
Official soundtracks
"I Don't Want to Be"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=One_Tree_Hill_(season_5)&oldid=856657409"
Categories:
One Tree Hill (TV series) episodes
2008 American television seasons
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Infobox television season articles that use the season name parameter
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikiquote
Languages
Dansk
Español
Français
Italiano
Русский
Српски / srpski
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 August 2018, at 19:30 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background: #4B0082; color: white; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

value: tr

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: td

attrs: colspan style

attrs: scope style

values:
row
white-space: nowrap

value: abbr

values: text-align:center;background: #4B0082; color: white; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Television_series
mw-redirect
Television series

values:
/wiki/Writers_Guild_of_America,_west
mw-redirect
Writers Guild of America, west

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Haley_James_Scott
mw-redirect
Haley James Scott

values:
/wiki/Brooke_Davis_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Brooke Davis (One Tree Hill)

values:
/wiki/Mouth_McFadden
mw-redirect
Mouth McFadden

values:
/wiki/Antwon_%22Skills%22_Taylor
mw-redirect
Antwon "Skills" Taylor

values:
/wiki/James_Lucas_Scott
mw-redirect
James Lucas Scott

values: width: 50%;text-align: left; vertical-align: top;

values:
/wiki/Lindsey_Strauss
mw-redirect
Lindsey Strauss

values:
/wiki/Millicent_Huxtable
mw-redirect
Millicent Huxtable

values:
/wiki/Rachel_Gatina
mw-redirect
Rachel Gatina

values:
/wiki/Chase_Adams
mw-redirect
Chase Adams

values:
/wiki/Andy_Hargrove
mw-redirect
Andy Hargrove

values:
/wiki/Whitey_Durham
mw-redirect
Whitey Durham

values:
/wiki/Bevin_Mirskey
mw-redirect
Bevin Mirskey

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
description
8
border-bottom:solid 3px #4B0082

values:
/wiki/Janice_Cooke-Leonard
mw-redirect
Janice Cooke-Leonard

values:
/wiki/Marvin_%22Mouth%22_McFadden
mw-redirect
Marvin "Mouth" McFadden

values:
/wiki/Smallville_(TV_series)
mw-redirect
Smallville (TV series)

values: Edit section: New and returning characters

values:
/wiki/Tim_Smith_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Tim Smith (One Tree Hill)

values:
/wiki/Characters_of_One_Tree_Hill#Jason
mw-redirect
Characters of One Tree Hill

values:
/wiki/Characters_of_One_Tree_Hill#Owen
mw-redirect
Characters of One Tree Hill

values: Edit section: One Tree Hill: Fast Forward

values:
/wiki/Bethany_Joy_Galeotti
mw-redirect
Bethany Joy Galeotti

values: width:96%; margin:0 1em 0 0; background:#f9f9f9; border:1px #aaa solid; border-collapse:collapse; font-size:95%;

values:
/wiki/The_CW_Television_Network
mw-redirect
The CW Television Network

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0368530/
external text

values:
*_Season_1
*_Season_2
*_Season_3
*_Season_4
*_Season_5
*_Season_6
*_Season_7
*_Season_8
*_Season_9

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:One Tree Hill (TV series) episodes

values: Category:2008 American television seasons

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Infobox television season articles that use the season name parameter

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/One_Tree_Hill_(season_5)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: Anexo:Episodios de la quinta temporada de One Tree Hill – Spanish

values: Episodi di One Tree Hill (quinta stagione) – Italian

values: Холм одного дерева (сезон 5) – Russian

values: Три Хил (пета сезона) – Serbian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-One_Tree_Hill_season_5 rootpage-One_Tree_Hill_season_5 skin-vector action-view


text:
Winchester (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Winchester
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
The Spierig Brothers
Produced by
Tim McGahan
Brett Tomberlin
Screenplay by
Tom Vaughan
The Spierig Brothers
Starring
Helen Mirren
Jason Clarke
Sarah Snook
Music by
Peter Spierig
Cinematography
Ben Nott
Edited by
Matt Villa
Production
company
Bullitt Entertainment
Diamond Pictures
Imagination Design Works
Distributed by
Lionsgate
CBS Films
Release date
February 2, 2018 (2018-02-02)
Running time
99 minutes[1]
Country
Australia
United States
Language
English
Budget
$3.5 million[1]
Box office
$38.7 million[1]
Winchester (also known as Winchester: The House that Ghosts Built) is a 2018 supernatural horror film directed by Michael and Peter Spierig, and written by the Spierigs and Tom Vaughan. The film stars Helen Mirren as heiress Sarah Winchester, with Jason Clarke and Sarah Snook, and follows Winchester as she is haunted by spirits inside her San Jose mansion in 1906.
An American-Australian co-production, the film was released in the United States on February 2, 2018 and in Australia on February 22, 2018. It received negative reviews from critics, who called it "dull" and "pointless", and has grossed $38 million worldwide.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Release
4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical response
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
Sarah Winchester is the widow of famed gun manufacturer William Wirt Winchester. Her husband's sudden death and the previous death of their child Annie have left her in grief. Having received more than $20-million dollars in inheritance, Winchester convinces herself she is cursed by the ghosts of those who died at the hands of Winchester firearms. After seeking advice from a medium, she begins building an enormous, seemingly never-ending mansion in San Jose, California that would eventually be named the Winchester Mystery House. The house is under constant construction and Sarah's relative Marion Marriott lives in the house with her son Henry. At night, Henry is possessed by a mysterious entity.
It's 1906, the Winchester company hires doctor Eric Price to stay at the house and assess Sarah, believing she is mentally unfit to remain in charge of the company. Eric is grieving from the death of his wife Ruby and reliant on drugs. He arrives at the house and has a ghostly vision that he believes is a side effect of the drugs he has taken. Later, he spots a ghost in the basement and witnesses a possessed Henry jump off the roof. Eric saves him.
The next day, Eric begins to conduct his assessment of Sarah's mental well-being. Sarah admits her fear of ghosts and believes she can help them move on. She reveals that she knows about Eric's drug problem and confiscates them. That night, Eric witnesses a seemingly possessed Sarah draw a plan for a new room. He is startled by an entity and flees back to his room. The next day, Sarah shows Eric that she keeps records of people killed by Winchester rifles. It is revealed that Eric had actually been shot and killed by a Winchester rifle before being revived, and he keeps the bullet with him. Sarah explains how thirteen nails keep spirits sealed in rooms.
A possessed Henry attempts to kill Sarah with a rifle, but is stopped by Eric and Marion. Realizing how violent this spirit is, Sarah sends her staff away and decides to personally remove the ghost from her home. Eric encounters a butler who reveals himself to be a ghost. He and Sarah identify the ghost as Benjamin Block, a Confederate States Army soldier who lost his two brothers in the American Civil War, killed by Winchester rifles. A devastated Ben proceeded to shoot up a Winchester office, massacring the workers before being shot dead by police. Ben has been the one possessing Henry; the constructed room with the Winchester guns is the room where he was shot dead.
The 1906 San Francisco earthquake takes place, devastating the house and separating Eric and Sarah. In the chaos, a possessed Henry escapes his room and is pursued by Marion. Eric encounters several ghosts before seeing the ghost of Ruby. It is revealed that Ruby was mentally ill and was misdiagnosed by Eric. The unstable Ruby shot Eric before killing herself with a rifle. Ruby's ghost comforts Eric, inspiring him to help Sarah. Eric reunites with Sarah and they manage to trap Ben in the room. Marion and Henry are cornered by Ben's brothers. Ben attempts to murder Sarah, but the pair realizes that Ben is scared of the bullet Eric kept. Eric has been able to see the ghosts in the house due to him dying from that bullet beforehand. Eric uses the bullet in the rifle that Ben used in the shooting and banishes him. Henry and Marion are saved and the other spirits return to their rooms.
Eric pronounces Sarah sane, allowing her to remain in control of the company. Sarah announces her intent to build more rooms to help more spirits. As the house is being repaired, a nail falls out of one of the boards sealing a spirit in a room.
Cast[edit]
Helen Mirren as Sarah Winchester
Jason Clarke as Eric Price
Sarah Snook as Marian Marriott
Finn Scicluna-O'Prey as Henry Marriott
Angus Sampson as John Hansen
Laura Brent as Ruby Price
Tyler Coppin as Arthur Gates
Eamon Farren as Benjamin Block
Production[edit]
In 2009, it was announced that a film would be made about the Winchester Mystery House.[3] Rights to the story were acquired by the Hammer Films division of Exclusive Media in 2012, with Imagination Design Works and Nine/8 Entertainment producing.[4] Michael and Peter Spierig were set as directors on May 10, 2016, with the pair also revising the script.[5] On May 14, Helen Mirren began finalizing a deal to star in the film as heiress Sarah Winchester, and filming was expected to start later in 2016, in San Jose, California and Australia.[6] In August 2016, CBS Films acquired distribution rights to the film, and production was pushed back to March 2017.[7] In September 2016, Jason Clarke entered negotiations to star in the film.[8] Sarah Snook and Angus Sampson joined the cast in March 2017, and filming commenced in Australia.[9] The film was renamed to Winchester: The House That Ghosts Built on October 10, 2017, and was moved from its original release date of February 23, 2018 up to February 2, 2018.[10] Executive producers on the film include Andrew Trapani, Brian J. Gilbert, Antonia Lianos, Benedict Carver, Daniel Diamond and Tobin Armbrust.[11]
Release[edit]
Box office[edit]
As of March 9, 2018[update], Winchester has grossed $24.7 million in the United States and Canada, and $9.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $33.8 million, against a production budget of $3.5 million.[1]
In the United States and Canada, Winchester was released on February 2, 2018, and was expected to gross $6–8 million from 2,480 theaters in its opening weekend.[12] It ended up debuting to $9.3 million, finishing third at the box office, behind holdovers Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle and Maze Runner: The Death Cure.[13]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 13% based on 97 reviews, with an average rating of 4/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Like a grand staircase within the famous mansion that inspired it, Winchester appears poised to get a rise out of audiences, but ultimately leads nowhere."[14] At Metacritic, the film received a weighted average score of 28 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[15] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B–" on an A+ to F scale.[13]
Variety's Owen Gleiberman gave the film a negative review, writing, "Mirren does all she can to look like she’s having fun, but Winchester...[is] an empty grab bag of a spook show in which the Spierig brothers never do figure out a way to turn the Winchester Mystery House into an exhilarating movie set...".[16]
Stephen Dalton of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a mixed review, saying it "promises more sophisticated shocks and psychological depths than it ultimately delivers" and while "Winchester is a visual treat, its palette aglow with bronze and turquoise tints that suggest colorized Victorian postcards."[17]
Simon Abrams at RogerEbert.com gave the film three out of four stars, stating, "Winchester leveled my unfair expectations simply by being both silly and fun... what [it] lacks in originality its creators amply make up for in execution." He also stated that the dialogue was "enjoyable."[18]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Winchester: The House that Ghosts Built (2018)". The Numbers. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Winchester: The Most Brutal Reviews Of Helen Mirren's New Horror Movie". ScreenRant. February 2, 2018. Retrieved February 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Winchester Mystery House to star in Hollywood movie". The Mercury News. 2009-06-02. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave (2014-07-24). "Winchester Mystery House Movie Attracts Spierig Brothers". Variety. Retrieved 2018-01-29.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (2016-05-10). "Michael & Peter Spierig To Helm Supernatural Thriller 'Winchester' – Cannes". Deadline. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (2016-05-14). "Helen Mirren Takes Aim At Playing Firearm Heiress In Hot Cannes Package 'Winchester'". Deadline. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (2016-08-08). "CBS Films Lands Haunted Gun Heiress Thriller 'Winchester' With Helen Mirren". Deadline. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (2016-09-13). "Jason Clarke to Star Opposite Helen Mirren in Thriller 'Winchester' (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
Jump up ^ Lodderhose, Diana (2017-03-15). "Sarah Snook & Angus Sampson Join Helen Mirren In 'Winchester'". Deadline. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
Jump up ^ Winchester: The House That Ghosts Built Release Moved Up
Jump up ^ Spierig, Michael; Spierig, Peter (2018-02-02), Winchester, Helen Mirren, Sarah Snook, Jason Clarke, retrieved 2018-01-29
Jump up ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (January 31, 2018). "Super Bowl Slowdown At The B.O. As CBS Films' Gun Heiress Pic 'Winchester' Takes Aim – Preview". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b D'Alessandro, Anthony (February 4, 2018). "'Jumanji' Poised To Be Dwayne Johnson's Highest Grossing Pic Of All-Time Stateside After Super Bowl Weekend Rebound". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Winchester (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Winchester Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "'Winchester' Review". Variety. February 1, 2018. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
Jump up ^ Dalton, Stephen (February 1, 2018). "'Winchester': Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ Abrams, Simon (February 2, 2018). "Winchester review". RogerEbert.com. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
Winchester on IMDb
Winchester Mystery House
Angus Sampson
[hide]
v
t
e
Films directed by Michael and Peter Spierig
Undead (2003)
Daybreakers (2009)
Predestination (2014)
Jigsaw (2017)
Winchester (2018)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Winchester_(film)&oldid=833167135"
Categories:
2018 films
English-language films
2010s horror thriller films
2018 horror films
American ghost films
American thriller films
American films
Australian thriller films
Supernatural horror films
Supernatural thriller films
Horror films based on actual events
Films set in 1906
Films set in California
Hidden categories:
Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2018
All articles containing potentially dated statements
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Español
Euskara
Français
Italiano
Magyar
日本語
Polski
Русский
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
4 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 30 March 2018, at 01:12.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href title

value: li

value: ul

values:
/wiki/Winchester_Arms
mw-redirect
Winchester Arms

values: Finn Scicluna-O'Prey (page does not exist)

values: plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1072748/
external text

values:
/wiki/Fandango_Media
mw-redirect
Fandango Media

values:
nofollow
http://www.winchestermovie.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1072748/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.winchestermysteryhouse.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/Spierig_brothers
mw-redirect
Spierig brothers

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Horror films based on actual events

values: Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2018

values: Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Winchester_(film)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: Winchester: The House That Ghosts Built – French

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: ウィンチェスターハウス アメリカで最も呪われた屋敷 – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Винчестер. Дом, который построили призраки (фильм) – Russian

values: Вінчестер (фільм) – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: 溫徹斯特鬼屋 (電影) – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Winchester_film rootpage-Winchester_film skin-vector action-view