text:
Lakeland, Florida
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City of Lakeland
City
Downtown Lakeland

Location in Polk County and the state of Florida
Coordinates: 28°2′28″N 81°57′32″W / 28.04111°N 81.95889°W / 28.04111; -81.95889Coordinates: 28°2′28″N 81°57′32″W / 28.04111°N 81.95889°W / 28.04111; -81.95889
Country
United States
State
Florida
County
Polk
Settled
c. 1875
Incorporated (city)
January 1, 1885
Government
• Type
Commission-Manager
• Mayor
Howard Wiggs (2014)
• City Manager
Anthony "Tony" Delgado
Area[1]
• City
74.93 sq mi (194.06 km2)
• Land
65.91 sq mi (170.70 km2)
• Water
9.02 sq mi (23.36 km2) 10.9%
Elevation
197 ft (60 m)
Population (2010)[2]
• City
97,422
• Estimate (2016)[3]
106,420
• Density
1,614.68/sq mi (623.43/km2)
• Metro
584,383
Census Bureau American Community Survey
Time zone
EST (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)
EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP code
33801–33815
Area code(s)
863
FIPS code
12-38250[4]
GNIS feature ID
0294459[5]
Website
http://www.lakelandgov.net/
Twinned with Richmond Hill, Ontario; Imabari, Ehime, Japan; Bălți, Moldova; Portmore, Jamaica; and Chongming County, Shanghai, China
Lakeland is a city in Polk County, Florida, located along Interstate 4 east of Tampa. It is part of the Tampa Bay Area. According to the 2013 U.S. Census Bureau estimate, the city had a population of 100,710.[2] Lakeland is a principal city of the Lakeland–Winter Haven Metropolitan Statistical Area (coterminous with Polk County), which had an estimated population of 623,009 in July 2013 based on data from the University of Florida Bureau of Economic and Business Research. It is twinned with Richmond Hill, Ontario; Imabari, Ehime, Japan; Bălți, Moldova; Portmore, Jamaica; and Chongming County, Shanghai, China through the Lakeland chapter of Sister Cities International.
Native Americans began to live in the area 12,000 years ago. White settlers arrived in Lakeland in the 1870s and the city expanded in the 1880s with the arrival of rail service. Lakeland is home to the 1,267-acre Circle B Bar Reserve.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Timeline
1.2 Prehistory
1.3 Early history
1.4 World War II
2 Geography and climate
2.1 Lakes
2.2 Climate
3 Government and politics
3.1 Mayor
3.2 Law enforcement
3.2.1 Officers killed on duty
3.2.2 Police canine unit
3.2.3 Misconduct
4 Demographics
4.1 Languages
4.2 Religion
5 Economy
6 Culture
6.1 Historic districts
6.2 Buildings and locations
6.3 Media
6.4 Popular culture
7 Transportation
7.1 Bicycle routes
7.2 Public transportation
8 Education
8.1 Traditional public high schools
8.2 Magnet high schools
8.3 Traditional public middle schools
8.4 Magnet middle schools
8.5 Charter schools
8.6 Private schools
8.7 Colleges and universities
9 Sports
9.1 Stadiums
9.2 History of sports teams in Lakeland
10 Sister cities
11 See also
12 References
13 Bibliography
14 External links
History[edit]
Timeline[edit]
Timeline of Lakeland, Florida [show]
1884
South Florida Railroad begins operating.[6]
Town platted on land of Abraham Munn.[7]
1885 - Town of Lakeland incorporated.[8]
1891 - Electric lighting introduced.[7]
1894
Acton becomes part of Lakeland.[9]
"Freeze damages citrus crops."[9]
1900 - Population: 1,180.[10]
1904 - Fire.[7]
1905 - Population: 3,299.[10]
1910 - Munn Park dedicated.
1911 - Lakeland Evening Telegram newspaper begins publication.[11]
1912 - Auditorium built.[7]
1913 - City Hall built.
1915 - Lakeland Morning Star newspaper begins publication.[11]
1916 - Morrell Memorial Hospital opens.[7]
1922 - Florida Southern College relocates to Lakeland.[6]
1924 - Lakeland Terrace Hotel in business.[12]
1925 - Henley Field Ball Park opens.
1928 - Lakeland Theatre in business.[13]
1930 - Population: 18,554.
1933 - Junior Welfare League of Lakeland formed.[14]
1935 - Southeastern College of the Assemblies of God established.[9]
1936 - WLAK radio begins broadcasting.[15]
1937 - Roxy Theatre in business (approximate date).[13]
1941 - Lakeland Ledger newspaper begins publication.[11]
1949 - WONN radio begins broadcasting.[15]
1953 - Filmland Drive-In cinema in business.[13]
1957 - WWAB radio begins broadcasting.[15]
1960 - Lakeland Indians baseball team formed.
1966 - Joker Marchant Stadium opens.
1977 - "It snows in Lakeland."[12]
1980 - Population: 47,406.
1988 - Lakeland Square Mall in business.[12]
1990 - Population: 70,576.
1993
George Jenkins High School opens.[12]
International Sport Aviation Museum established.[16]
1998 - Lakeland.net website online (approximate date).[17][18]
2004 - August: Hurricane Charley occurs.[9]
2005 - Lakeside Village shopping center in business.[12]
2010 - Population: 97,422.[19][20]
2013 - Dennis A. Ross becomes U.S. representative for Florida's 15th congressional district.[21]
2014
Florida Polytechnic University opens.[12]
R. Howard Wiggs becomes mayor.[22]
Prehistory[edit]
The first Paleo-Indians reached the central Florida area near the end of the last ice age, as they followed big game south.[23][24] As the ice melted and sea levels rose, these Native Americans ended up staying and thrived on the peninsula for thousands of years. By the time the first Spanish conquistadors arrived, more than 250,000 Native Americans were living on the peninsula.[citation needed] Some of these first early tribes were the Tocobago, Timucua, and Calusa. In 1527, a Spanish map showed a settlement near the Rio de la Paz.[23][24] The arrival of the Spanish turned out to be disastrous to these Native American tribes. Within 150 years, the majority of the pre-Columbian Native American peoples of Florida had been wiped out. Those who had not succumbed to diseases such as smallpox or yellow fever were either killed or enslaved.[23][24][25][26] Little is left of these first Native Americans cultures in Polk County except for scant archaeological records, including a few personal artifacts and shell mounds. Eventually, the remnants of these tribes merged with the Creek Indians who had arrived from the north and became the Seminole Indian tribe.[24][26]
Early history[edit]
A view of Lakeland's business district, early 1920s
Florida became a state in 1845, and Polk County was established in 1861. After the American Civil War, the county seat was established southeast of Lakeland in Bartow. While most of the early history of Polk County centered on the two cities of Bartow and Fort Meade, eventually, people entered the areas in northern Polk County and began settling in the areas which became Lakeland.
Lakeland was first settled in the 1870s and began to develop as the rail lines reached the area in 1884. It was incorporated January 1, 1885. The town was founded by Abraham Munn (a resident of Louisville, Kentucky), who purchased 80 acres (320,000 m2) of land in what is now downtown Lakeland in 1882 and platted the land for the town in 1884. Lakeland was named for the many lakes near the town site.[27]
In April 1898, the Spanish–American War began and started a crucial point in Lakeland's development. While the war ended quickly and had little impact on most of the nation, the Florida peninsula was used as a launch point for the war and the then small town of Lakeland housed over 9,000 troops.[28]
The Florida boom resulted in the construction of many significant structures in Lakeland, a number of which are today listed on the National Register of Historic Places. This list includes the Terrace Hotel, New Florida Hotel (Regency Tower, currently Lake Mirror Tower), Polk Theatre, Frances Langford Promenade, Polk Museum of Art (not a product of the 1920s boom), Park Trammell Building (formerly the Lakeland Public Library and today the Lakeland Chamber of Commerce), and others. The city also has several historic districts with many large buildings built during the 1920s and 1940s. The Cleveland Indians held spring training there from 1923 to 1927 at Henley Field Ball Park. Parks were developed surrounding Lake Mirror including Barnett Children's Park, Hollis Gardens, and the newest, Allen Kryger Park.
The "boom" period went "bust" quickly, and years passed before the city recovered. Part of the re-emergence was due to the arrival of the Detroit Tigers in 1934 for spring training. The Tigers still train at Lakeland's Joker Marchant Stadium and own the city's Class A Florida State League team, the Lakeland Flying Tigers. In the mid-1930s, the Works Progress Administration built the Lakeland Municipal Airport.
In 1938, Florida Southern College President Ludd Spivey invited architect Frank Lloyd Wright to design a "great education temple in Florida."[29] Wright worked on the project over a period of 20 years as Spivey found ways to fund the project and to find construction workers during World War II.[29] Wright's original plan called for 18 structures, in total he designed 30, but only 12 were completed.[30] Wright's textile block motif is used extensively on the campus, and the concrete blocks he used are in need of restoration.[31]
Wright titled the project Child of the Sun, describing his Florida Southern buildings as being "out of the ground, into the light, a child of the sun."[32] It is the largest single-site collection of Frank Lloyd Wright buildings in the world, and attracts 30,000 visitors each year.[30] In 1975, the "Florida Southern Architectural District" was added to the National Register of Historic Places.[30] In 2012, Wright's campus was designated a National Historic Landmark by the National Park Service.
The John F. Cox Grammar School opened in 1925, now repurposed as the clinic for Lakeland Volunteers in Medicine
World War II[edit]
At the beginning of World War II, the Lakeland School of Aeronautics—headquartered at the recently-built Lakeland Municipal Airport—became part of a nationwide network of civilian flight schools enjoined for the war effort by the United States Army Air Corps.[33]
Between 1940 and 1945, more than 8,000 Army Air Corps and Army Air Forces cadets trained on two-seater Stearman PT-17 and PT-13 biplanes at the school (renamed the Lodwick School of Aeronautics in the midst of this period).[33]
From June 1941 until October 1942, 1,327 British Royal Air Force cadets trained at the Lakeland facility.[33]
The Lodwick School of Aeronautics closed in 1945.[33] The airport ceased flight operations in the 1960; the site has since then housed the Detroit Tigers' "Tiger Town" baseball complex.[33]
Geography and climate[edit]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 67 sq mi (173.5 km2), of which 45.84 sq mi (118.7 km2) is land and 5.61 sq mi (14.5 km2) (10.90%) is covered by water. Lakeland is located within the Central Florida Highlands area of the Atlantic coastal plain, with a terrain consisting of flatland interspersed with gently rolling hills.[34]
Lakes[edit]
Lake Mirror Park in downtown Lakeland is lined by City Hall and Lakeland Terrace Hotel.
The dominant feature in Lakeland is the city's many lakes. Thirty-eight lakes are named, with a number of other bodies of water unnamed, mostly phosphate mine pits that eventually filled with water.[35][36] The largest of these is Lake Parker, which is 2,550 acres (10.3 km2) in size. Much of the culture of Lakeland revolves around its many lakes, and many people use the lakes as reference points in much the same way that people in other towns use streets as reference points, such as "I live near Lake Beulah." In addition to Lake Parker, some of the more prominent lakes in the Lakeland area are Lake Hollingsworth, Lake Morton, Lake Mirror, and Lake Gibson.
Swans are one of the most visible features on the lakes of Lakeland. They have a long history, the first swans appearing around 1923. By 1954, the swans were gone, eradicated by alligators and pets. A Lakeland resident who mourned the passing of the swans wrote to Queen Elizabeth. The royal family allowed the capture of two of the royal swans, and the swans now on the lakes of Lakeland are the descendants of the royal swans sent by the queen.
In July 2006, Scott Lake, one of the city's lakes, was almost totally drained by a cluster of sinkholes.[37] The lake later partially refilled .[38]
Climate[edit]
Lakeland, like most other parts of Florida north of Lake Okeechobee, is located in the humid subtropical zone (Köppen climate classification: Cfa).[39] Typically, summers are hot and humid with high temperatures seldom dropping below 90 °F and 70 °F for the overnight low. Like most of Central Florida, afternoon thunderstorms are the norm throughout the summer. Winters in Lakeland are drier and mild, with frequent sunny skies. High temperatures range in the low 70s during the day, with lows in the 50s. Rare cold snaps drop temperatures below freezing every few years.
[hide]Climate data for Lakeland (LAL), 1981-2010 normals, extremes 1948-present
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
87
(31) 90
(32) 92
(33) 95
(35) 103
(39) 105
(41) 102
(39) 100
(38) 98
(37) 96
(36) 93
(34) 87
(31) 105
(41)
Average high °F (°C)
73.6
(23.1) 76.9
(24.9) 81.0
(27.2) 85.7
(29.8) 90.7
(32.6) 93.2
(34) 93.9
(34.4) 94.2
(34.6) 91.7
(33.2) 86.6
(30.3) 79.9
(26.6) 74.5
(23.6) 85.2
(29.6)
Average low °F (°C)
50.2
(10.1) 52.5
(11.4) 56.2
(13.4) 60.0
(15.6) 66.5
(19.2) 71.7
(22.1) 72.8
(22.7) 73.1
(22.8) 72.1
(22.3) 66.0
(18.9) 58.5
(14.7) 52.3
(11.3) 62.7
(17.1)
Record low °F (°C)
20
(−7) 27
(−3) 25
(−4) 35
(2) 47
(8) 56
(13) 64
(18) 63
(17) 62
(17) 42
(6) 28
(−2) 20
(−7) 20
(−7)
Average precipitation inches (mm)
2.59
(65.8) 2.67
(67.8) 3.68
(93.5) 2.54
(64.5) 3.19
(81) 8.74
(222) 7.88
(200.2) 7.51
(190.8) 6.10
(154.9) 2.60
(66) 1.79
(45.5) 2.88
(73.2) 52.17
(1,325.2)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 in)
7.8 7.4 7.8 6.4 7.5 14.4 17.1 16.8 12.4 6.9 6.4 5.9 116.8
Mean monthly sunshine hours
203.2 209.4 258.2 302.1 306.7 255.8 255.4 248.9 226.5 239.9 213.4 203.5 2,923
Source: [40]
Government and politics[edit]
Former city hall of Lakeland, built 1913 (photo 2011)
Lakeland is governed by a six-member city council. Four members are elected from districts; the other two are elected at large. The mayor is elected.
Mayor[edit]
The City of Lakeland was incorporated on January 1, 1885. The mayor is one of seven members of the City Commission, acting as the board chair and performing mostly ceremonial and procedural duties beyond the powers of the other six. Prior to 1988, Lakeland's mayor was selected by the City Commission among its members. Mayors can be on the board for up to 12 years in a lifetime, or 16 years in combination with holding a regular commission position. Since 1988 the mayor is elected by the citizens of the city.
List of mayors of Lakeland, Florida [show]
John W. Trammell, 1885
John D. Torrence, 1885
Eppes C. Tucker, Sr., 1886, 1887, 1888
Napoleon B. Bowyer, 1889, 1890
Herbert J. Drane, 1888-1892[41]
J. T. Park, 1894
Clarence A. Boswell, 1894-1896
James p. Thompson, 1897, 1899
Samuel L.A. Clonts, 1898, 1903, 1904, 1912[42]
C. M. Marsh, 1898
Park Trammell, 1900-1902[41]
John F. Cox, 1905-1907, 1911, 1916, 1917
John S. Edwards, 1909
Jackson, William K., 1910
Oscar M. Eaton, 1913-1915
Edwin C. Flanagan, 1918, 1919
Frank H. Thompson, 1920
Hubert C. Petteway, 1921
J.T. Hodges, 1922,1923[43]
Daniel C. Boswell, 1924
John W. Buchanan, Jr., 1925
J. Bunyan Smith, 1926
Jesse F. Council, 1927, 1928
William S. Rodgers, 1927
William F. Reid, 1928, 1931
Charles I. Dwiggins, 1929
H. Dean Grady, 1930, 1931
Benjamin M. Pulliam, 1932
Elijah A. Godwin, 1933, 1935
Edward L. Mack, 1934
George W. Mershon, 1936
H. Clay Haynes, 1937[41]
Lutie M. Koons, 1938
Thomas D. Conter, 1939
Ira C. Hopper, 1940
George J. Tolson, 1941, 1944, 1947
Elmer E. Kelly, Jr., 1942
Horace W. Gibson, 1943
William Cade, 1945, 1948
Edwin C. Flanagan, Jr., 1946
Clinton V. McClurg, 1948
Ernest B. Sutton, 1949
Guerry L. Dobbins, 1950
Clayton Logan, 1951[41]
James J. Musso, 1952, 1958 [41]
Norman T. Kent, 1953[41]
Wilbur Y. Wooten, 1954[41]
S. Scott Kelly, 1955[41]
Mac H. Cunningham, 1956
Earl W. Bowen, 1957
William M. Hollis, 1958
R. Tom Joyner, Jr., circa 1959[41]
William G. Cooper, Jr., 1960
Reuben H. Gibson, 1961
Morris J. Pritchard, 1962
William H. Lofton, 1963
R. Harold Grizzard, 1964
James R. West, 1965
Lois Q. Searl, 1965
John H. Woodall, Jr., 1966
W. Jack Day, 1967
George W. Trask, 1968, 1969, 1974
Marvin H. Henderson, Jr., 1970
Joe P. Ruthven, 1971
Charles E. Whitten, 1972
John S. Jackson, 1972, 1973
W. Carl Dicks, 1975
Peggy C. Brown, 1976, 1984
Charles A. Coleman, 1977
John Tolson, 1977
Curtis I. Walker, 1978
George R. Burt, 1979
Carrie R. Oldham, 1980
R. Larry Turnipseed, 1981
J. Larry Durrence, 1982, 1986
Frank J. O'Reilly, 1983, 1987, 1989-1993
Thomas R. Shaw, 1985
Willie J. Williams, 1988
Buddy Fletcher, 1993-2009
Gow Fields, 2010-2013
R. Howard Wiggs, 2014-present[44]
Law enforcement[edit]
Officers killed on duty[edit]
Lakeland made national headlines on September 28, 2006, when Polk County Sheriff's Deputy Vernon "Matt" Williams and his K-9 partner Diogi were shot and killed after a routine traffic stop in the Wabash area of Lakeland. More than 500 police officers from a variety of law enforcement agencies joined in a search for Angilo Freeland, suspected of murdering Williams and then stealing his gun.
Freeland was found hiding in a rural area the next morning. Nine officers from five different law enforcement agencies surrounded Freeland and shot him when he raised Williams' stolen gun at them. A total of 110 shots were fired and Freeland was hit 68 times, killing him instantly.[45][46] Multiple investigations concluded the officers' use of force was justified.[47] Deputy Williams and Diogi were laid to rest on October 3, 2006, after a funeral that included a one-hour-and-45-minute procession to Auburndale.[48]
On December 18, 2011, Lakeland Police Officer Arnulfo Crispin was shot and killed after he stopped five young men while on a routine patrol. Crispin was 25 years old, and an 18-month veteran of the force. Kyle Williams was convicted of the killing and sentenced to life in prison.[49]
Police canine unit[edit]
The Lakeland Police Department is recognized as having one of the best-trained canine units in the United States. At the annual USPCA Police Dog Field Trials—the largest competition of police dogs in the United States—Lakeland police dog "Nox" took first place in 2015, "Bruno" took first place in 2012 and 2013, and "Charief" took second place in 2009 and 2011.[50][51][52]
Misconduct[edit]
In October 2010, Officer Rawn Haynes was arrested and charged with negligence for having left a weapon in a car with two young boys. One of the children found the gun and shot the other boy in the hand. Officer Haynes was suspended with pay after his arrest.[53]
In June 2011, Sergeant Steven Sealy was suspended from the department for reportedly interfering with the investigation of police Lieutenant Ralph Schrader. Schrader had been convicted in January 2010 of stalking his ex-wife.[54]
In July 2013, the county prosecutor released a report that "revealed an extraordinary amount of sexual conduct that was committed both on-duty and off-duty" with a single woman. As a result of the report, an assistant chief of the department retired while five officers were placed on various forms of modified duty. "Had these members of your department been more focused on the important responsibilities of law enforcement, rather than pursuing sexual encounters with a civilian analyst, LPD might not be in the condition it is today", the report concluded.[55] Sergeants Rusty Longaberger and David Woolverton were fired for conduct unbecoming, failure to report misconduct, and neglect of duty.[56]
In late January 2014, the State Attorney's Office investigated hiring practices in the department due to allegations of improper handling of the 2012 job application of the nephew of Chief Lisa Womack. The chief had already announced she would leave her position on May 1, 2014. She was placed on administrative leave in January 2014. One city councilman, Justin Troller, commented, "Let's pay her and move on."[57]
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1890 552 —
1900 1,180 113.8%
1910 3,719 215.2%
1920 7,062 89.9%
1930 18,554 162.7%
1940 22,068 18.9%
1950 30,851 39.8%
1960 41,350 34.0%
1970 42,803 3.5%
1980 47,406 10.8%
1990 70,576 48.9%
2000 78,452 11.2%
2010 97,422 24.2%
Est. 2016 106,420 [3] 9.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[58]
Lakeland Demographics
2010 Census Lakeland Polk County Florida
Total population 97,422 602,095 18,801,310
Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010 +24.2% +24.4% +17.6%
Population density 1,492.6/sq mi 334.9/sq mi 350.6/sq mi
White or Caucasian (including White Hispanic) 70.8% 75.2% 75.0%
(Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian) 63.1% 64.6% 57.9%
Black or African-American 20.9% 14.8% 16.0%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 12.6% 17.7% 22.5%
Asian 1.8% 1.6% 2.4%
Native American or Native Alaskan 0.3% 0.4% 0.4%
Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian 0.1% 0.1% 0.1%
Two or more races (Multiracial) 2.7% 2.4% 2.5%
Some Other Race 2.6% 5.5% 3.6%
As of 2010, 48,218 households were in the city, with 15.5% being vacant. As of 2000, 23.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39% were individuals and nontraditional families. About 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.82.
As of the 2010 census, the city was 20.9% Black or African American, 70.8% White, 0.3% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian, and 2.7% were two or more races. 12.6% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry.
In 2000, the city the population was spread out with 21.4% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 23.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.1 males.
In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $16,119, and for a family was $17,468. Males had a median income of $14,137 versus $9,771 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,760. About 47% of families and 35% of the population were below the poverty line, including 97% of those under age 18 and 9% of those age 65 or over. In 2008–2012, the per capita income was $23,817 and the median household income was $40,284. Persons below the poverty line in 2008–2012 were 17.5% according to the US Census.[59]
Languages[edit]
As of 2000, those who spoke only English at home accounted for 91% of all residents, while 9% spoke other languages at home. The most significant were Spanish speakers who made up 6.4% of the population, while German came up as the third-most spoken language, which made up 0.8%, and French was fourth, with 0.5% of the population.[60]
Religion[edit]
In 1913, the Wolfson family arrived from Lithuania and became the first Jewish settlers to the area.[61] After some struggles, the Jewish community in Lakeland flourished and the first synagogue, Temple Emanuel opened in 1932.[62] The Rohr Jewish Learning Institute presents classes and seminars in Lakewood in partnership with Chabad of Lakeland.[63]
Lakeland is home to one of the first Hindu temples in the United States, the Swaminarayan Hindu Temple.[64]
In 1994, the first and only mosque was established. It was called Masjid Aisha, but is now called the Islamic Center of Lakeland. It was remodeled in 2011. It is located on the corner of Providence and Orange Blossom.[citation needed]
Christianity makes up the largest religious group in Lakeland. As of 2013, an estimated 300 churches existed with an address in the city.[65]
Economy[edit]
Publix headquarters
Lakeland is the largest city on Interstate 4 between Orlando and Tampa. Large industries in the Lakeland area are citrus, cattle, and phosphate mining. In the past few decades, tourism, medicine, insurance, transportation, and music have grown in importance.
Citrus growing dates back to the early settlers who planted trees in the area in the 1850s. After a series of freezes in counties north of Polk County, the area became the focal point for citrus growing in Florida. Although citrus is no longer the largest industry in the area, it still plays a large part in the economy of Lakeland and Polk County.
Phosphate mining is still important to the economy of Lakeland, although most of the mining now takes place further south. The Bone Valley produced 25% of the U.S. phosphate supply.
Lakeland's largest employer is Publix Supermarkets.[66] Publix is one of the largest regional grocery chains in the United States with over 1,000 stores across the American South. Publix employs over 6,500 people in the Lakeland area including headquarter and warehouse employees.
Lakeland is a transportation hub. FedEx Freight and FedEx Services and the Saddle Creek Corporation employ over 600 people in the area.[66] Other large employers in the area include Amazon,[67] GEICO, Rooms To Go, and Lakeland Regional Medical Center.[68]
Culture[edit]
Historic districts[edit]
Munn Park
Beacon Hill-Alta Vista Residential District
Biltmore-Cumberland Historic District
Dixieland Historic District
East Lake Morton Residential District
Lake Hunter Terrace Historic District
Munn Park Historic District
South Lake Morton Historic District
Buildings and locations[edit]
Century Plaza in downtown Lakeland.
Frances Langford Promenade
Central Avenue School
Cleveland Court School
John F. Cox Grammar School
Florida Southern College
Henley Field Ball Park
Joker Marchant Stadium
Frances Langford Promenade
Lakeland Center
Lakeland Square Mall
Lakeside Village
Old Lakeland High School
James Henry Mills Medal of Honor Parkway
Oates Building
Polk Community College
Polk Museum of Art
Polk Theatre
Southeastern University (Florida)
USA International Speedway
Florida Polytechnic University
Winston School
Without Walls Central Church - a local/regional megachurch
Silvermoon Drive-in
Media[edit]
See also: List of newspapers in Florida, List of radio stations in Florida, and List of television stations in Florida
Polk County is within the Tampa Bay television market. Bright House Networks is the cable television franchise serving Lakeland, which offers most television stations from the Tampa Bay market, as well as WFTV, the ABC affiliate from Orlando. WMOR-TV, an independent television station, is licensed to Lakeland, with its studios in Tampa and its transmitter in Riverview.
Lakeland and Polk County are within its own radio market. Local radio stations include:
WLKF 1430 AM
WONN 1230 AM
WWAB 1330 AM
WPCV 97.5 FM
WWRZ 98.3 FM
WLLD 94.1 FM is licensed to Lakeland, but has wider focus on the Tampa Bay area, with studios in St. Petersburg. WKES 91.1 FM is also licensed to Lakeland as part of the statewide Moody Radio Florida network, with studios in Seminole, near St. Petersburg. Most major stations from Tampa Bay and a few from Orlando are also available.
Print media include The Ledger, a local newspaper owned by Halifax Media Group. Patterson Jacobs Media Group publishes a magazine, The Lakelander.
Popular culture[edit]
Southgate Shopping Center
In 1990, Lakeland made its Hollywood debut when the Southgate Shopping Center was featured in the movie Edward Scissorhands. It was also used in the filming of the Judd Nelson movie Endure.[69] Classrooms from Florida Southern College were used in the Adam Sandler comedy, The Waterboy.[70]
Transportation[edit]
Because Lakeland is the largest city on Interstate 4 between Tampa and Orlando, the city is an important transportation hub. The county nickname, Imperial Polk County, was coined because a large bond issue in 1914 enabled wide roads between the cities of Polk County.[71]
The important freeways and highways in Lakeland today are:
The Interstate 4 overpass in Lakeland (exit 32)
Interstate 4 is the main interstate in central Florida linking Tampa, Lakeland, Orlando, and Daytona Beach.
Polk Parkway, or SR 570, is a tolled beltway around Lakeland, with both ends terminating at Interstate 4. Although its shape, location, and tolls makes it impractical as a "bypass" road, it is useful as a way of getting from part of town to another and providing access to I-4 from most parts of the city.
US 92, following Memorial Boulevard for most of the city, was the route leading to both Tampa and Orlando before I-4 was built; US 92 is still a main road leading to Plant City going west, and Auburndale, Winter Haven, and Haines City going east.
US 98, going south, follows Bartow Road and leads to Bartow, the county seat. Heading north out of town, it provides a route to Dade City.
State Road 33, following mostly rural land, provides access to Lake County and the Florida Turnpike.
State Road 37, following Florida Avenue, the main north-south route in Lakeland, is also the main road leading south to Mulberry.
State Road 540, Winter-Lake Road, is in southern Lakeland, leading to Winter Haven and Legoland Florida.
Bicycle routes[edit]
In recent years, the Lakeland area has developed a number of paved, multi-use bicycle routes including the Lake-To-Lakes Trail, which runs from Lake Parker through downtown, past several lakes, ending at Lake John. Other routes include University Trail, which connects Polk State College to Florida Polytechnic University, and the Fort Fraser Trail, which runs along US Highway 98 from Polk State College to Highway 60 in Bartow.[72]
Public transportation[edit]
Lakeland Amtrak Station
Lakeland Linder Regional Airport
Lakeland Greyhound Terminal
Citrus Connection local bus service.[73]
Education[edit]
Annie Pfeiffer Chapel
The 28 elementary schools, seven middle schools, five traditional high schools, and three magnet-choice high schools in the Lakeland area are run by the Polk County School Board.
Traditional public high schools[edit]
Mulberry Senior High School
George W. Jenkins High School
Kathleen High School
Lake Gibson High School
Lakeland Senior High School
Tenoroc High School
Magnet high schools[edit]
Central Florida Aerospace Academy
Lois Cowles Harrison Center for the Visual and Performing Arts
Polk State College Lakeland Collegiate High School
Traditional public middle schools[edit]
Kathleen Middle School
Lake Gibson Middle School
Crystal Lake Middle school
Sleepy Hill Middle School
Lakeland Highlands Middle School
Southwest Middle School
Magnet middle schools[edit]
Lawton Chiles Middle School
Rochelle School of the Arts (elementary and middle)
Charter schools[edit]
McKeel Academy of Technology
Lakeland Montessori Schoolhouse
Lakeland Montessori Middle School
Lakeland Collegiate High school
Private schools[edit]
Calvary Baptist Church Academy
Geneva Classical Academy
Heritage Christian Academy
Highlands Christian Academy
Lakeland Christian School
Resurrection Catholic School
Santa Fe Catholic High School
Sonrise Christian School
St Anthony
St Joseph
St Lukes
St Paul Lutheran School
Victory Christian Academy
Colleges and universities[edit]
Everest University
Florida Polytechnic
Florida Southern College
Florida Technical College
Keiser University
Webster University
Polk State College
Southeastern University
Whitefield Theological Seminary
A number of opportunities exist for higher education around the Lakeland area. Southeastern University is the largest university in the area, with an enrollment around 2800.[74] Southeastern is affiliated with the Assemblies of God. Florida Southern College, established in 1883 and with a current enrollment of just over 2000,[75] is located on Lake Hollingsworth. Florida Southern is the home of the world's largest single-site collection of Frank Lloyd Wright architecture. In July 2008, the University of South Florida's Lakeland campus was granted partial autonomy by Governor Charlie Crist and became Florida Polytechnic University. Florida Polytechnic (FLPoly) is located just inside the Lakeland's northeast border at the intersection of I-4 and Polk Parkway. They also have some administrative offices on the campus of Polk State College on Winter Lake Road. FLPoly is focused on STEM degree programs, such as engineering and computer science.[76] Both Everest University and Keiser University, two multisite, accredited universities, have locations in Lakeland. Traviss Career Center is a vocational school.[77] Webster University offers on-site, regionally accredited graduate degree programs in business and counseling at their Lakeland Metropolitan Campus[78]
Sports[edit]
Club
Sport
Founded
Current League
Stadium
Lakeland Flying Tigers Baseball 1963[79] Florida State League Publix Field at Joker Marchant Stadium
Gulf Coast League Tigers Baseball 1995[80] Gulf Coast League Publix Field at Joker Marchant Stadium
Lakeland Magic Basketball 2008[81] NBA G League RP Funding Center
Florida Tarpons Indoor football 2012 American Arena League RP Funding Center
Southeastern Fire Football 2014[82] NAIA Victory Field
Florida Tropics SC Indoor soccer 2016[83] Major Arena Soccer League RP Funding Center
Stadiums[edit]
Main article: Publix Field at Joker Marchant Stadium
Joker Marchant Stadium, north of downtown, hosts spring training for the Detroit Tigers, as well as their Lakeland Flying Tigers class-A Florida State League and GCL Tigers rookie-league Gulf Coast League minor league baseball teams.
Main article: RP Funding Center
RP Funding Center is also home to three indoor sports teams. The Lakeland Magic is a basketball team playing in the NBA G League and is an affiliate of the Orlando Magic. The Florida Tarpons is an indoor football team playing in the American Arena League after relocating from Estero, Florida. The Florida Tropics SC is an indoor soccer team playing in the Major Arena Soccer League. The Tropics organization also operates an outdoor team, the Lakeland Tropics, which competes in the Premier Development League.
History of sports teams in Lakeland[edit]
In the 1980s, the Lakeland Center briefly played host to the indoor version of the Tampa Bay Rowdies soccer team. The Lakeland Center has also hosted a few hockey teams, the Lakeland Ice Warriors, the Lakeland Prowlers, and the Lakeland Loggerheads. The United States Basketball League once had a team here as well called the Lakeland Blue Ducks. Sun 'n Fun was home to Lakeland's only roller derby league, the Lakeland Derby Dames; however, the team was dissolved in November 2015.[84]
The Lakeland Center also hosts the Florida High School Athletic Association's state basketball finals.
Sister cities[edit]
See also: List of sister cities in the United States
Bălți, Moldova
Chongming County, Shanghai, China
Imabari, Ehime, Ehime, Japan
Portmore, Jamaica
Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada
See also[edit]
Florida portal
List of people from Lakeland, Florida
Loyce Harpe Park
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ "World Map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification updated". University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. November 6, 2008. Archived from the original on September 6, 2010. Retrieved September 10, 2010.
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Jump up ^ Waddell, Lynn (October 13, 2006). "68 Bullets". Newsweek.
Jump up ^ "Autopsy: Officers fired 110 rounds at man suspected in cop's death". Sunbeam Television Corp. September 30, 2006.
Jump up ^ Walter, Shoshana (June 5, 2008). "Killer's Civil Rights Not Violated, Panel Says". TheLedger.com.
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Jump up ^ Dulaney, Cody (August 26, 2014). "Judge Sentences Kyle Williams to Life in Prison for Murder of LPD Officer Crispin". The Ledger.
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Jump up ^ "2013 National Patrol Dog Field Trials" (PDF). United States Police Canine Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 1, 2014.
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Jump up ^ Police Sgt. Sealey Suspended Over Schrader Inquiry, by Jason Geary, The Ledger, June 10, 2011
Jump up ^ Florida police officers entangled in widespread sex scandal, Associated Press, July 10, 2013
Jump up ^ Two Lakeland police sergeants fired in wake of major sex scandal, by Chris Trenkmann, July 15, 2013, WFTS
Jump up ^ LPD Chief Lisa Womack Put on Administrative Leave; Police chief suspended after report about her nephew's job search at LPD is released, by Jeremy Maready & Rick Rousos, January 31, 2014, The Ledger
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Bibliography[edit]
"Lakeland". Florida Gazetteer and Business Directory 1907-1908. R. L. Polk & Co.
"Lakeland". Florida State Gazetteer and Business Directory. R. L. Polk & Co. 1918.
Lakeland and Polk County Directory. R.L. Polk & Co. 1923.
Federal Writers’ Project (1939). "Lakeland". Florida: a Guide to the Southernmost State. American Guide Series. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 515–518 – via Google Books.
This Was Yesterday: a History of Lakeland, Florida. Junior Welfare League of Greater Lakeland. 1973.
Hampton Dunn (1976). Yesterday's Lakeland.
Lynn M. Homan; Thomas Reilly (2001). Lakeland. Images of America. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia.
Paul T. Hellmann (2006). "Florida:". Historical Gazetteer of the United States. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 1-135-94859-3.
External links[edit]
Find more aboutat Wikipedia's sister projects
Media from Commons
Travel guide from Wikivoyage
Official website
Lakeland Chamber of Commerce
The Ledger newspaper
"Brief History of Lakeland, Florida" (PDF), Lakelandgov.net
"(Lakeland)". Florida Memory. Florida Department of State, Division of Library and Information Services.
Items related to Lakeland, Florida, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
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Lorraine Crosby
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lorraine Crosby
Also known as
Mrs. Loud
Born
(1960-11-27) 27 November 1960 (age 57)
Origin
Walker, North East England
Genres
Rock and roll
Occupation(s)
Singer
Instruments
Vocals
Associated acts
Meat Loaf
Patti Russo
Bonnie Tyler
Website
lorrainecrosby.co.uk
Lorraine Crosby (born November 27, 1960), better known as "Mrs. Loud", is an English singer-songwriter. Her most famous work, especially in the United States, is as the female vocalist in Meat Loaf's 1993 hit single "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)".
Her debut album Mrs Loud was released on November 10, 2008.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Work with Meat Loaf and Jim Steinman
3 Solo work
4 Other work
5 Discography
5.1 Studio albums
5.2 Singles
5.3 Other recordings
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Crosby was born in Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne in 1960. Her father died in a road accident when his car collided with a bus when she was two years old, leaving her mother to raise Lorraine, her two sisters and brother. She attended Walker Comprehensive, and sang in school and church choirs and played the violin in the orchestra but did not start singing professionally until she was 20.[1]
Work with Meat Loaf and Jim Steinman[edit]
Inspired by Tina Turner, Crosby searched the noticeboard for bands wanting singers at the guitar shop Rock City in Newcastle. After joining several bands she set up a five-piece cabaret band which toured extensively, playing to British and American servicemen throughout the early 1980s.
Back in Newcastle, she met Stuart Emerson, who was looking for a backing singer for his band. They began writing together, and also became a couple. In the early 1990s, Crosby sent songwriter and producer Jim Steinman some demos of songs she had written with Emerson. Steinman asked to meet them so they decided to move to New York. They then followed Steinman after he moved to Los Angeles. Steinman became their manager and secured them a contract with Meat Loaf's recording label MCA. While visiting the label's recording studios on Sunset Boulevard, Crosby was asked to provide guide vocals for Meat Loaf, who was recording the song "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)". Cher, Melissa Etheridge and Bonnie Tyler were considered for the role. The song was a commercial success, becoming number one in 28 countries.[2] However, as Crosby had recorded her part as guide vocals, she did not receive any royalties from the song,[3] nor was she actually credited on the album; the credit "Mrs. Loud" was used instead. Also, Crosby did not appear in the Michael Bay-directed music video, where model Dana Patrick mimed her vocals.[4] Meat Loaf promoted the single with American vocalist Patti Russo performing the live female vocals of this song at his promotional appearances and concerts. Lorraine also sang additional and backing vocals on the songs "Life Is a Lemon and I Want My Money Back", "Objects in the Rear View Mirror May Appear Closer than They Are", and "Everything Louder Than Everything Else" from the album Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell. On these three selections, she was credited under her real name rather than the alias of Mrs. Loud.[5]
Solo work[edit]
Crosby regularly performed at holiday camps and social clubs in England until April 2005 when she took a break from live work.
In 2005, she sang a duet with Bonnie Tyler for the track "I'll Stand by You" from the album Wings. The song was written and composed by Stuart Emerson about Crosby's and Tyler's relationship.[6]
In 2005, Crosby appeared as a contestant on ITV's The X Factor. She performed "You've Got a Friend" and progressed to the second round after impressing judges Louis Walsh and Sharon Osbourne but Simon Cowell expressed doubt saying she "lacked star quality."[7]
She returned to live performances in April 2007.
In November 2007, Crosby appeared on the BBC Three television show "Most Annoying Pop Songs We Hate To Love"[8] discussing the Meat Loaf track "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" which featured at No. 76.
In November 2008, she appeared at Newcastle City Hall with special guest Bonnie Tyler to launch her self-produced album entitled "Mrs Loud"[9] The concert was later repeated in March 2011. In April 2009 she was also featured on The Justin Lee Collins Show and performed a duet with Justin, singing the Meat Loaf song "Dead Ringer for Love". She also performed "I'd Do Anything for Love" with Tim Healy for Sunday for Sammy in 2012.[10]
She performs in cabaret shows with her band[11] along with her partner Stuart Emerson.
Crosby appeared in the first round of BBC's second series of The Voice on April 6, 2013.[12] She failed to progress when she was rejected by all four coaches.[13]
Crosby and her band reached No. 4 on the Reverbnation rock charts on April 9, 2013.
Other work[edit]
In the mid-1990s, Lorraine appeared as an extra in several television series episodes.[citation needed]
Discography[edit]
Crosby has provided backing vocals on Bonnie Tyler's albums "Free Spirit" (1995) and "Wings" (2005).
Studio albums[edit]
Mrs Loud (2008)
Singles[edit]
"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" (with Meat Loaf) (1993)
Other recordings[edit]
"I'll Stand by You" (with Bonnie Tyler) (2005)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Biography - Lorraine Crosby". Lorraine Crosby. Retrieved 2016-01-04.
Jump up ^ Chart Success for Meat Loaf, Official Charts Company, retrieved 7 April 2012
Jump up ^ video interview with her, Youtube, retrieved 3 November 2013
Jump up ^ "I'd Do Anything For Love (But I Won't Do That)". songfacts.com. Retrieved 29 August 2006.
Jump up ^ Credits in the booklet of the album Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell.
Jump up ^ I'll Stand By You, a video of Tyler and Crosby performing the song in 2011.
Jump up ^ "Entertainment Zone Forums > The X Factor > sat 27/08 Meat Loaf Lady". DigitalSpy. Retrieved 29 September 2006.
Jump up ^ Most Annoying Pop Songs We Hate To Love, BBC Three
Jump up ^ Mrs Loud on Spotify
Jump up ^ Sunday for Sammy 2012, MWMDVD106, Dir. Geoff Wonfor, Prod. Ray Laidlaw
Jump up ^ Lorraine Crosby Band, the Lorraine Crosby Band
Jump up ^ The Voice 2013: Meat Loaf singer Lorraine Crosby & Emma Jade Garbutt in tomorrow’s Blind Auditions, Unreality TV, Lisa McGarry, 5 April 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2013
Jump up ^ Lorraine Crosby: 'I would do anything for fame, but I won’t do The Voice again' Archived 9 April 2013 at the Wayback Machine., "Evening Chronicle", Gordon Barr, 6 April 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2013
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lorraine Crosby.
Official website
[hide]
v
t
e
The Voice UK
Series
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Winners
Leanne Mitchell
Andrea Begley
Jermain Jackman
Stevie McCrorie
Kevin Simm
Mo Adeniran
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Sean Conlon
Kerry Ellis
Jessica Hammond
Becky Hill
Tyler James
Vince Kidd
Max Milner
Twinnie-Lee Moore
Deniece Pearson
Heshima Thompson
Series 2
Jay Aston
Alice Barlow
Colin Chisholm
Kirsty Crawford
Lorraine Crosby
Danny Foster
Ant Henson
Cleo Higgins
Nate James
Aret Kapetanovic
Anthony Kavanagh
Kym Mazelle
Leah McFall
Rob Reynolds
Nick Tatham
Mike Ward
Series 3
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Angie Brown
Kelsey-Beth Crossley
Si Genaro
Leo Ihenacho
Leanne Jones
Series 4
Tim Arnold
Esmée Denters
Lucy O'Byrne
Joe and Jake
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Series 5
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The Dublin City Rounders
Series 6
Tanya Lacey
Abi Phillips
Jazmin Sawyers
Related articles
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Louder on Two
The Voice Kids
Discography
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 85818118
MusicBrainz: 469f5f38-eb63-4d6f-a210-954f51bffba0
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lorraine_Crosby&oldid=821822493"
Categories:
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text:
Kyle Harmon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this article if you can. (October 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article relies too much on references to primary sources. Please improve this by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (October 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Kyle Harmon
CSI: Miami character
Evan Ellingson as Kyle Harmon
Portrayed by
Evan Ellingson
Information
Occupation
United States Army - Infantry, Assistant of ME
Seasons
6, 7, 8, 10
Kyle Harmon is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama CSI: Miami, portrayed by Evan Ellingson and has appeared in 19 episodes.
Kyle is the son of the show's protagonist, Lieutenant Horatio Caine. He has been occupied as a student and a city morgue assistant, and is currently a soldier in the United States Army.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Personal life
3 Personality
4 Relationships
5 References
Background[edit]
Kyle Harmon was born on July 6, 1991, to "John Walden" (undercover alias of Horatio Caine at the time) and Julia Eberly in Pensacola, Florida. Through unknown events, Harmon ended up in the foster care system. Around age 15, Harmon (now living in Miami) stole a boat on Biscayne Bay and was arrested for the offense. The crime was alcohol-related. He served six months in juvenile detention then was released on parole with an ankle-bracelet monitor. Harmon's parole officer, Andrew Bennet, secured him a job at the Miste Cafe, where he was coerced into committing a felony by another parolee and co-worker, and was sent to an adult prison to await trial. Kyle didn't know who his father was, but a dangerous escapee found out by chance. In retribution against Caine, this prisoner arranged to have Kyle kidnapped and hidden within the prison. Lt. Caine told Kyle about their relationship when he located and freed him from a maintenance tunnel next to Block C. Caine then arranged protection for Kyle by another prisoner. The background of Kyle's last name remains unclear.
Personal life[edit]
In "Dangerous Son," parole officer Andrew Bennet is murdered and Harmon, having recently broken his parole agreement to abstain from alcohol, is brought in for questioning. While being interrogated by Eric Delko, Horatio Caine spots the boy and suspects a biological relationship, previously unknown to both parties. Meanwhile, Harmon kidnaps a woman named Kathleen Newbury and demands cash for her ransom. It is later revealed that Kyle had been blackmailed into the crime by a fellow employee at the Miste Cafe. Nevertheless, Harmon is arrested after running from the Coast Guard.
While in prison, Harmon finds himself a prime target by the gangsters after it is known that his father is a police officer. He is kidnapped by Joe LeBrock and left to die in a maintenance pipeline. He is rescued by Caine, who then proceeds to reveal his paternal relationship to Harmon. From then on, Harmon is protected by Oscar Monahan who is acting on Caine's orders. However, when Monahan is murdered by a bomb triggered by the cellphone found in Harmon's bunk, the boy becomes a prime suspect. He is questioned by his father, but Harmon claims to not know anything about the phone. Caine later realizes that Harmon lied, and that the phone did belong to him, but unknown to him, it had been rigged by LeBrock's men. Caine still manages to prove Harmon's innocence in the murder of Oscar Monahan.
Harmon's day in court arrives, and he finds himself amongst his father and his mother, Julia Winston, who has suddenly reappeared. The key witness in Harmon's case does not appear, and the judge dismisses the charges. The judge also informs Harmon that both his parents have filed separate petitions for custody for him, and that he must choose with whom he will live. Although he appears to struggle with the decision, Harmon ultimately chooses to go with his mother.
During the events of "Bombshell," Caine breaks up a fistfight between Harmon and his adult neighbor. This neighbor ultimately ends up murdered, and Harmon once again becomes a suspect. Harmon insists to Caine that he had nothing to do with the murder, but is hesitant when Caine starts question whether Harmon's mother could have had anything to do with it. The murderer is revealed to be neither Harmon nor his mother, and both walk free.
Harmon is brought to the station after being pulled over while driving erratically with his mother in the passenger seat. Caine finds out that Harmon was attempting to get his mother to her job interview on time and she was the one who had continually told him to go faster despite his protests. It becomes clear at this point that Winston is psychologically unstable. Attempting to give him some stability and to get him away from his mother, Caine secures Harmon a job as the ME Dr. Tara Price's assistant. Although Harmon breaks the protocol the first day by letting Winston visit the morgue without permission, Tara allows him to keep his job and seems to enjoy it. He again unknowningly breaks protocol the first day when he answers a murder victim's cell phone while it rings. In doing so however, he breaks the case wide open. Caine explains that while he broke the case, he shouldn't touch others' personal effects without clearance as it may be potential evidence. Caine also sets up Harmon in his own apartment, explaining that in living there comes a greater responsibility.
Harmon catches Tara taking a pill and confronts her about it. She lies, and he calls her on it, to which she angrily responds, "I don't have to explain myself to you, Kyle."
During "Collateral Damage," a grenade explodes in the morgue, throwing Ryan Wolfe, Tara Price, and Harmon across the room. No one is injured, but Harmon is extremely shaken up. He expresses to Wolfe that he feels responsible for the grenade because he knocked it out of the victim's clothes but Wolfe tells him that accidents always happen.
During "Dissolved," Harmon expresses to Caine that he is struggling to cope with his mother's psychological instability. Winston appears to be calling Harmon nonstop, as well as going into his apartment uninvited. Winston eventually breaks into the morgue, where Tara, Wolfe, Harmon, and an unnamed intern are, and starts shooting. She waves the gun around and demands that Harmon come with her. Harmon agrees to go if she will put the gun down. The scene is interrupted by Caine, who tries to talk sense into Winston. Instead of listening, Winston says goodbye to Harmon and puts the gun to her head. Harmon screams "No!" and lunges forward, but the act is ultimately stopped by Caine, who grabs the gun before Winston can pull the trigger. Winston is arrested while Harmon looks on, obviously hurt and disappointed.
In the Season 8 episode "Into the Wind" (aired on February 1, 2010), Harmon is seen via Skype from a U.S. Army forward operating base outside Kabul, Afghanistan, where it's revealed to viewers that he's joined the armed forces. He reassures his father that he's made the right choice, but of course, Caine privately feels otherwise.
In the episode "Dishonor," Harmon has returned to Miami from Afghanistan. At the start of the episode he tells his father that he has decided to return to Afghanistan. Caine is immediately disappointed and worried, and also upset that Harmon did not make the decision with him. Later, Harmon discovers a body on fire and believes it to be his military friend, Brian, who had also returned home. It is soon discovered to be another man, but Brian is still missing. Harmon receives a call from Brian, who asks him to meet him but not to tell Caine. Harmon agrees, but tells Caine anyway. At the end of the episode, Harmon is shown in uniform, ready to return to Afghanistan. He says goodbye to Caine, and offers his hand for a handshake. Caine instead hugs him, tells him he loves him, and that he must come home alive.
He is seen briefly in the episode "Friendly Fire", however the dialogue was not heard.
Personality[edit]
Kyle Harmon is portrayed as impetuous but good-hearted. He is shown to be courageous, and takes any implication of cowardice as a personal insult ("Dangerous Son.") He has respect for the law, but is not afraid to break it when he feels it necessary ("Dangerous Son", "Chain Reaction", "Bombshell", "Divorce Party.") He is extremely independent, and often tries to take care of problems even when they are over his head ("Bombshell", "Divorce Party.")
Harmon shares many qualities and mannerisms with Caine, but is also different from him. Most notably, Kyle is openly emotional and very impatient. He tends to "wear his heart on his sleeve." Caine, on the other hand, is extremely reserved and almost unnaturally patient.
Relationships[edit]
Horatio Caine (David Caruso):
Kyle Harmon met his father when he was sixteen. He is distrustful of him at first, thinking that Caine will abandon him "just like all the others." However, as his mother's condition deteriorates, Harmon seems to grow closer to his father, especially after his father gets him a job as the ME's assistant. By the seventh season, Harmon seems to gravitate more towards Caine, as evidenced by his confessions of the problems with his mother to him. During the eighth season, Caine and Harmon seem to have a close relationship, and Harmon shows great trust in Caine. When Harmon leaves for Afghanistan the second time, Caine tells him that he loves him.
Julia Eberly - Winston (Elizabeth Berkley):
Harmon is very happy to see his mother when she first appears in "Raising Caine," as he has been looking for her for some time. When Julia and Horatio file separate custody suits for him, he ultimately chooses his mother. For a while Harmon is quite protective of his mother. However, as time goes on and Winston's mental condition worsens, Harmon appears to grow somewhat weary of Winston's unpredictable temperament. The breaking point comes after she goes on a rampage in the penultimate episode of season 7 ("Dissolved") and demands Harmon at gunpoint to return with her. He is obviously disappointed as he watches his father have her arrested and later sent to rehab. During the eighth season, Winston is not mentioned by Harmon or Caine, and it is implied that Harmon no longer has much of a relationship, if any at all, with his mother.
References[edit]
"Evan Ellingson." TV.Com. 14 June 2009 <http://www.tv.com/evan-ellingson/person/87518/summary.html?user_rating=95&rating_ref_type=104>.
CBS. 14 June 2009 <http://www.cbs.com/primetime/csi_miami/recaps/>.
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