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Robocopy
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Robocopy
Developer(s)
Microsoft
Stable release
10.0 / 2015; 3 years ago (2015)
Operating system
Windows NT 4 and later
License
Freeware
Robocopy, or "Robust File Copy", is a command-line directory and/or file replication command. Robocopy functionally replaces Xcopy, with more options. It has been available as part of the Windows Resource Kit starting with Windows NT 4.0, and was first introduced as a standard feature in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008. The command is robocopy.
Contents
1 Features
2 Limitations
2.1 No open files
2.2 XP mirroring bug
2.3 Multithread Copy/No Progress Bar
3 Common usage scenarios
4 Folder copier, not file copier
5 Output
6 Bandwidth throttling
7 GUI
8 Versions
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Features[edit]
Robocopy is noted for capabilities above and beyond the built-in Windows copy and xcopy commands, including the following:
Ability to tolerate network interruptions and resume copying. (incomplete files are marked with a date stamp of 1970-01-01 and contain a recovery record so Robocopy knows where to continue from)
Ability to skip NTFS junction points which can cause copying failures because of infinite loops (/XJ)
Ability to copy file data and attributes correctly, and to preserve original timestamps, as well as NTFS ACLs, owner information, and audit information using command line switches. (/COPYALL or /COPY:).
Beginning with the XP026 version, the ability to copy folder (or directory) date and timestamps (/DCOPY:T), even with the ability to update folder timestamps (copied from existing folders) on folders already created from previous versions (that did not copy the folder date and timestamps).
Ability to assert the Windows NT "backup right" (/B) so an administrator may copy an entire directory, including files denied readability to the administrator.
Persistence by default, with a programmable number of automatic retries if a file cannot be opened.
A "mirror" mode, which keeps trees in sync by optionally deleting files out of the destination that are no longer present in the source.
Ability to skip files that already appear in the destination folder with identical size and timestamp.
A continuously updated command-line progress indicator.
Ability to copy paths exceeding 259 characters — up to a theoretical limit of about 32,000 characters — without errors.[1]
Multithreaded copying. (Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2) [2]
Return code[3] on program termination for batch file usage.
Limitations[edit]
No open files[edit]
Robocopy does not copy open files. Any process may open files for exclusive read access by withholding the FILE_SHARE_READ[4] flag during opening. Even Robocopy's Backup mode will not touch those files. (Backup mode instead runs Robocopy as a "Backup Operator". This allows Robocopy to override permissions settings, specifically, NTFS ACLs.[5][6]) Normally Volume Shadow Copy Service is used for such situations, but Robocopy does not use it. Therefore, Robocopy is not useful for backing up live operating system volumes. However, one can use a separate utility, such as ShadowSpawn [7] (Free, Open Sourced, and MIT Licensed) or GSCopyPro [8] ($30 - $50) or DiskShadow.exe[9] (included with Windows Server 2008), to create a shadow copy of a given volume, which Robocopy can then be directed to back up.
XP mirroring bug[edit]
Robocopy versions on systems older than Windows Vista do not mirror properly. They ignore changed security attributes of previously mirrored files.[10] [11]
Multithread Copy/No Progress Bar[edit]
When specifying the /MT[:n] option to enable multithreaded copying, the /NP option to disable reporting of the progress percentage for files is ignored. By default the MT switch provides 8 threads. The n is the amount of threads you specify if you do not want to use the default.[12]
Common usage scenarios[edit]
Here are some examples of usage. If more than one option is specified, they must be separated by spaces.
Copy directory contents of Directory_A to Directory_B (including file data, attributes and timestamps), recursively with empty directories (/E):
Robocopy C:\Directory_A C:\Directory_B /E
Copy directory recursively (/E), copy all file information (/COPYALL, equivalent to /COPY:DATSOU, D=Data, A=Attributes, T=Timestamps, S=Security=NTFS ACLs, O=Owner info, U=Auditing info), do not retry locked files (/R:0) (the number of retries on failed copies default value is 1 million), preserve original directories' Timestamps (/DCOPY:T - requires version XP026 or later):
Robocopy C:\A C:\B /COPYALL /E /R:0 /DCOPY:T
Mirror A to B, destroying any files in B that are not present in A (/MIR), copy files in resume mode (/Z) in case network connection is lost:
Robocopy C:\A \\backupserver\B /MIR /Z
If directory names have non-standard characters, such as spaces, they can be put in double quotes (as usual in command-line commands).
For the full reference, see the Microsoft TechNet Robocopy page.[13]
Folder copier, not file copier[edit]
Robocopy syntax is markedly different from standard copy commands, as it accepts only folder names as its source and destination arguments. File names and wild-card characters (such as "*.*") are not valid source or destination arguments.
However, files may be selected or excluded using the optional "file" filtering argument (which may include wildcards) along with various other options.[14] File specifications can refer only to the filenames relative to the folders already selected for copying. Fully qualified path names are not supported.
For example, to copy the file foo.txt from directory c:\bar to c:\baz, one could use the following syntax:
 robocopy c:\bar c:\baz foo.txt

And to copy only PDF files — with file extension .pdf — from directory c:\bar to c:\baz, one could use the following syntax:
 robocopy c:\bar c:\baz *.pdf

Output[edit]
By default Robocopy outputs to the screen (or optionally to a log file) all the directories it encounters (in alphabetical order). Each directory is preceded by the number of files in that directory that fulfill the criteria for being copied. If the directory does not yet exist in the target, it is marked "New Dir". But if the directory is empty and the /E option is not used, or it contains no files meeting the criteria, a new directory should not actually be created.
If the /NFL (no file names in log) option is not used, the files being copied will be listed after the name of the directory they are in.
At the end of the output is a table giving numbers of directories, files, and bytes. For each of these, the table gives the total number found in the source, the number "copied" (but this includes directories marked "New Dir" even if they are not copied), the number "skipped" (because they already exist in the target), and the number of "mismatches", "FAILED", and "extras". "Failed" can mean that there was an I/O error that prevented a file being copied, or that access was denied. There is also a row of time taken (in which the time spent on failed files seems to be in the wrong column).
Bandwidth throttling[edit]
Robocopy's "inter-packet gap" (IPG) option allows some control over the network bandwidth used in a session. In theory, the following formula expresses the delay (D, in milliseconds) required to simulate a desired bandwidth (BD, in kilobits per second), over a network link with an available bandwidth of BA kbps:
D = B A − B D B A × B D × 512 × 1000 {\displaystyle D={B_{A}-B_{D} \over B_{A}\times B_{D}}\times 512\times 1000}
In practice however, some experimentation is usually required to find a suitable delay, due to factors such as the nature and volume of other traffic on the network. The methodology employed by the IPG option may not offer the same level of control provided by some other bandwidth throttling technologies, such as BITS (which is used by Windows Update and BranchCache).
GUI[edit]
Although Robocopy itself is a command-line tool, Microsoft TechNet provides a GUI front-end called Robocopy GUI. It was developed by Derk Benisch, a systems engineer with the MSN Search group at Microsoft, and required .NET Framework 2.0.[15] It includes a copy of Robocopy version XP026.
There are other non-Microsoft GUIs for Robocopy:
"WinRoboCopy" revision 1.3.5953.40896 released on Apr 19, 2016.[16]
"Easy RoboCopy" latest version 1.0.14 released in May 26, 2016.[17]
A program by SH-Soft, also called "Robocopy GUI" v1.0.0.24 (October 8, 2005).[18]
Cinchoo EazyCopy v1.0.0.4
Ken Tamaru of Microsoft has also developed a copying program similar to Robocopy, called RichCopy, which is available on Microsoft TechNet. While it is not based on Robocopy, it offers similar features, and it does not require .NET Framework. [19]
Versions[edit]
Note: Several versions of Robocopy do not show the version number when executing robocopy /? on the command line. But their version is stored inside the executable itself and can be queried with PowerShell for example (gcm robocopy | fl *) or inside Windows Explorer by right-clicking on Robocopy.exe, selecting Properties, then clicking on the Details tab.
Product version
File version
Year
Origin
Other
1.70
- 1997 Windows NT Resource Kit
1.71
4.0.1.71 1997 Windows NT Resource Kit
1.95
4.0.1.95 1999 Windows 2000 Resource Kit
1.96
4.0.1.96 1999 Windows 2000 Resource Kit © 1995-1997
XP010
5.1.1.1010 2003 Windows 2003 Resource Kit
XP026
5.1.2600.26 2005 Downloaded with Robocopy GUI v.3.1.2; /DCOPY:T option introduced
XP027
5.1.10.1027 2008 Bundled with Windows Vista, Server 2008, Windows 7, Server 2008r2 © 1995-2004
6.1
6.1.7601 2009 KB2639043 © 2009
6.2
6.2.9200 2012 Bundled with Windows 8 © 2012
6.3
6.3.9600 2013 Bundled with Windows 8.1 © 2013
10.0
10.0.10240.16384 2015 Bundled with Windows 10 © 2015
See also[edit]
List of file copying software
Command line
List of DOS commands
copy (command)
XCOPY
rsync
GUI
GS RichCopy 360
SyncToy
RichCopy
Ultracopier
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Robocopy XP010 FAQ". Windowsitpro.com. 2004-11-15. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Multi-threaded robocopy for faster copies - Grant Holliday's Blog - Site Home - MSDN Blogs". Blogs.msdn.com. 2009-10-23. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Return codes that are used by the Robocopy utility in Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2". Support.microsoft.com. 2012-02-17. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363858.aspx "CreateFile function". MSDN. FILE_SHARE_READ [...] Enables subsequent open operations on a file or device to request read access. Otherwise, other processes cannot open the file or device if they request read access.
Jump up ^ "Robocopy.exe - Robust File Copy Utility - Version XP010" (PDF). Backup mode copies [...] enable you to copy some files as a Backup Operator that you would not be able to copy as a normal user.
Jump up ^ "Default groups". Microsoft TechNet. Backup Operators [...] Members of this group can back up and restore all files [...], regardless of their own individual permissions on those files.
Jump up ^ "ShadowSpawn". Craig Andera. Retrieved 2015-07-14. ShadowSpawn.exe is an open source MIT licensed tool that creates and manages shadow copies.
Jump up ^ "GSCopyPro". GuruSquad. Retrieved 2013-03-06. gscopypro.exe is a tool that works similar to robocopy but has the ability to copy open files.
Jump up ^ "Diskshadow". Microsoft TechNet. Retrieved 2013-03-06. DiskShadow.exe is a tool that exposes the functionality offered by the Volume Shadow Copy Service (VSS).
Jump up ^ "Microsoft's Robocopy compromise". ZDNet. 2008-08-04. Archived from the original on March 17, 2010. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Ugly bug in Robocopy - ignoring security on file level - Martin Zugec blog". Msmvps.com. 2008-03-03. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Robocopy's /MT option disables /NP option". Microsoft TechNet. 2009-12-13. Retrieved 2014-02-26.
Jump up ^ "Robocopy". Technet.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc733145
Jump up ^ Joshua Hoffman (November 2006). "Utility Spotlight Robocopy GUI". TechNet Magazine. Microsoft Corporation and CMP Media, LLC. Retrieved 2008-07-17.
Jump up ^ "WinRoboCopy - UpWay2Late.com Software". Upway2late.com. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Easy RoboCopy". TribbleSoft. Retrieved 2017-10-03.
Jump up ^ "SH-RoboCopy GUI". SH-Soft. Retrieved 2012-11-23.
Jump up ^ Hoffman, Joshua (November 2006). "Free Utility: RichCopy, an Advanced Alternative to RoboCopy". TechNet Magazine. Microsoft Corporation and CMP Media, LLC. Retrieved 2008-07-17.
External links[edit]
Official sources
Robocopy download (Version XP010) as part of Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit Tools. Includes 35-page documentation "robocopy.doc".
Robocopy short documentation on Microsoft TechNet Library
Robocopy GUI download (Version 3.1.2.0) on Microsoft TechNet Magazine
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Old Man of the Sea
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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After being shipwrecked Sinbad the Sailor is enslaved by the "Old Man of the Sea".
In Greek mythology, the Old Man of the Sea was a primordial figure who could be identified as any of several water-gods, generally Nereus or Proteus, but also Triton, Pontus, Phorcys or Glaucus. He is the father of Thetis (the mother of Achilles).[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Mythology
2 Sinbad
3 References in poetry
4 References
Mythology[edit]
In book 4 of Homer's Odyssey, Menelaus recounts to Telemachus his journey home, and how he had to seek the advice of the Old Man of the Sea. The Old Man can answer any questions if captured, but capturing him means holding on as he changes from one form to another. Menelaus captured him, and during the course of questioning, asked if Telemachus' father Odysseus was still alive.
Sinbad[edit]
Sinbad the Sailor encountered the monstrous Old Man of the Sea on his fifth voyage. The Old Man of the Sea in the Sinbad tales was said to trick a traveler into letting him ride on his shoulders while the traveler transported him across a stream. However, the Old Man would then not release his grip, forcing his victim to transport him wherever he pleased and allowing his victim little rest. The Old Man's victims all eventually died of this miserable treatment, but Sinbad, after having got the Old Man drunk with wine, was able to shake him off and kill him.
References in poetry[edit]
The Old Man of the Sea is alluded to in Edwin Arlington Robinson's book-length narrative poem King Jasper.[2] In part 3 of the poem, King Jasper dreams of his deceased friend Hebron (whom Jasper betrayed) riding on his back. "You cannot fall yet, and I'm riding nicely," Hebron tells Jasper. "If only we might have the sight of water, / We'd say that I'm the Old Man of the Sea, / And you Sinbad the Sailor." Hebron then turns to gold (a symbol of Jasper's motivation for betraying him) and coaxes Jasper to leap across a ravine with the heavy, golden Hebron on his back.[original research?]
The Old Man of the Sea also figures in the poetry of West Indian poet Derek Walcott. In a 1965 paper, "The Figure of Crusoe",[3] writing about the poem "Crusoe's Journal", Walcott notes:
It is not the Crusoe you recognize. I have compared him to Proteus, that mythological figure who changes shapes according to what we need him to be. Perhaps my mythology is wrong. I am, however, also summoning, in the combination of Crusoe and Proteus, the Old Man of the Sea with whom a mythological hero wrestled. The commercial Crusoe gives his name to our brochures and hotels. He has become the property of the Trinidad and Tobago Tourist board, and although it is the same symbol that I use, you must allow me to make him various, contradictory and as changeable as the Old Man of the Sea. (...) My Crusoe, then, is Adam. Christopher Columbus, God, a missionary, a beachcomber, and his interpreter, Daniel Defoe.
Referencing the figures of Adam, Christofer (Columbus) and Friday in succession, the poem's narrator remarks, "All shapes, all objects multiplied from his,/our ocean's Proteus;/in childhood, his derelict's old age/was like a god's."
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Iliad, Book I, line 588 (Stanley Lombardo's notation)
Jump up ^ Robinson, Edwin Arlington. King Jasper, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1935.
Jump up ^ Walcott, Derek (1997) [1965]. "The Figure of Crusoe". In Hamner, Robert D. Critical perspectives on Derek Walcott (2nd ed.). Boulder, Colorado: Rienner. p. 33. ISBN 0-89410-142-0.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "article name needed". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
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One Thousand and One Nights
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The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night (1885–1888)
Le livre des mille nuits et une nuit (1926–1932)
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Khosrow II
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Films
The Thief of Bagdad (1924)
Aladdin and His Wonderful Lamp (1939)
The Thief of Bagdad (1940)
Arabian Nights (1942)
La Rosa di Bagdad (1949)
The Thief of Bagdad (1952)
1001 Arabian Nights (1959)
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Aladdin's Magic Lamp (1966)
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Scheherazade Op. 35 (1888)
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New Arabian Nights (1882)
Slaves of Sleep (1939)
Dunyazadiad (1972)
Arabian Nights and Days (1979)
Two Years Eight Months and Twenty-Eight Nights (2015)
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Ghoul
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Pam Beesly
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Pam Beesly Halpert
The Office character
Jenna Fischer as Pam Halpert
First appearance
"Pilot"
Last appearance
"Finale"
Created by
Greg Daniels
Portrayed by
Jenna Fischer
Information
Full name
Pamela Morgan Beesly[nb 1]
Gender
Female
Occupation
Receptionist, Dunder Mifflin, Scranton PA
(August 2003 - June 2011)
Secret Assistant to the Regional Manager, Dunder Mifflin, Scranton PA
Temporary Worker, Dunder Mifflin Corporate, New York City, NY
Sales Representative, Michael Scott Paper Company
Sales Representative, Dunder Mifflin, Scranton PA
Sales Representative, Dunder Mifflin Sabre, Scranton PA
Office Administrator, Dunder Mifflin Sabre, Scranton PA
Office Administrator, Dunder Mifflin, Scranton PA
Freelance Mural Painter/Art Gallery Owner, Austin TX
Family
William Beesly (father, Rick Overton)
Helene Beesly (mother, Shannon Cochran and Linda Purl)
Penny Beesly (sister, Anna Camp)
Sylvia Beesly (grandmother, Peggy Stewart)
Jocelyn Webster (cousin)
Spouse(s)
Jim Halpert (m. 2009)
Significant other(s)
Roy Anderson (ex-fiancé)
Children
Cecelia "CeCe" Marie Halpert[1]
Philip Halpert[1]
Religion
Presbyterian
Nationality
American
Based on
Dawn Tinsley
Pamela Morgan Halpert[nb 1] (née Beesly) is a fictional character on the U.S. television sitcom The Office, played by Jenna Fischer. Her counterpart in the original UK series of The Office is Dawn Tinsley. Her character is initially the receptionist at the paper distribution company Dunder Mifflin, before becoming a saleswoman and eventually office administrator until her termination in the series finale. Her character is shy, growing assertive but amiable, and artistically inclined, and shares romantic interest with Jim Halpert, whom she begins dating in the fourth season and marries and starts a family with as the series continues.
Contents
[hide]
1 Casting and character development
2 Character history
2.1 Seasons 1–3
2.2 Seasons 4–6
2.3 Season 7
2.4 Season 8
2.5 Season 9
3 Coworker relations
3.1 Jim Halpert
3.2 Roy Anderson
3.3 Michael Scott
3.4 Toby Flenderson
4 Appearances
5 Notes
6 References
Casting and character development[edit]
The character was originally created to be very similar to the British counterpart, Dawn Tinsley. Even minute details, such as how Pam wore her hair each day, were considered by executive producer, Greg Daniels.[4]
"When I went in for The Office, the casting director said to me, 'Please look normal'," recalls Jenna Fischer. "Don't make yourself all pretty, and dare to bore me with your audition. Those were her words. Dare to bore me."[5]
Heeding the advice, Fischer said little during the auditions, during which she was interviewed in character by show producers, in an improvisational format, to imitate the show's documentary premise. "My take on the character of Pam was that she didn't have any media training, so she didn't know how to be a good interview. And also, she didn't care about this interview," she told NPR. "So, I gave very short one-word answers and I tried very hard not to be funny or clever, because I thought that the comedy would come out of just, you know, the real human reactions to the situation...and they liked that take on it."[5]
"When I went in to the audition, the first question that they asked me in the character of Pam — they said, 'Do you like working as a receptionist?' I said, 'No.' And that was it. I didn't speak any more than that. And they started laughing."[5]
Fischer found herself creating a very elaborate backstory for the character. For the first few seasons, she kept a list of the character history revealed on-screen by the creators, as well as her own imaginative thoughts on Pam's history.[6] She created a rule with the set's hair and make-up department that it couldn't look as though it took Pam more than 30 minutes to do her hair,[7] and she formulated ideas as to who gave Pam each piece of jewelry she wore [8] or where she went to college.[8] Fischer also carefully crafted Pam's quiet persona. "Well, my character of Pam is really stuck," she explained to NPR. "I mean, she's a subordinate in this office. And so, I think that for her, the only way she can express herself is in the silences, but you can say so much by not saying anything."[5]
Originally meek and passive, the character grew more assertive as the seasons passed, prompting Fischer to reassess her portrayal. "I have to approach Pam differently [now]," she explained in Season 4, a defining season in which her character finally begins a long-awaited relationship with Jim and is accepted into the Pratt Institute. "She is in a loving relationship, she has found her voice, she has started taking art classes. All of these things must inform the character and we need to see changes in the way she moves, speaks, dresses, etc."[6]
Character history[edit]
Seasons 1–3[edit]
At the beginning of the series, Pam and Roy have been dating for eight years and engaged for three years. Their open-ended engagement has become one of Michael's running gags and a sore spot for Pam.
Pam does not want her current job to become permanent, remarking that "I don't think it's many little girls' dream to be a receptionist." Pam is apathetic toward her work, evidenced by her frequent games of FreeCell on her office computer. However, in the pilot episode, she breaks down crying when Michael pulls an ill-advised prank by telling her that she will be fired.
Michael has criticized Pam for simply forwarding calls to voice mail without answering and (in a deleted scene) for not sounding enthusiastic enough when speaking on the telephone. Pam is usually happy to abandon her work if asked to do something else by Jim. She will do extra, unnecessary work (such as making a casket for a dead bird or paper doves for the Office Olympics) to make other people happy.
Despite the abuse she takes from Michael, she never goes any further than calling him a jerk in the pilot. In later seasons, however, she becomes more honest and forward with Michael and will often make sarcastic comments toward him.
While engaged to Roy, Pam denies, or is in denial about, having any romantic feelings for Jim. When Jim confesses his love for her at the Dunder Mifflin "Casino Night" she turns him down. She later talks to her mom on the phone and says Jim is her best friend (though she doesn't say his name), and says "Yeah, I think I am" to an unheard question. She is interrupted by Jim, who enters and kisses her; she responds by kissing back.
Season three marks a turning point for Pam's character: she gains self-confidence and appears less passive and more self-assured as the season progresses. In "Gay Witch Hunt," the season's opener, it is revealed that Pam got cold feet before her wedding and did not marry Roy after all, and that Jim transferred to a different Dunder Mifflin branch, in Stamford, shortly after Pam rejected him a second time, after their kiss. Pam moves into her own apartment, begins taking art classes, a pursuit that Roy had previously dismissed as a waste of time, and buys a new car, a blue Toyota Yaris. Jim returns to Scranton later on as a result of "The Merger", and brings along a female co-worker, Karen Filippelli, whom he begins dating. Jim and Pam appeared to have ended all communication after Jim transfers to the Stamford branch (aside from an episode in which Jim accidentally calls Pam at the end of the work day), and their episodes together following the branch merge are tense, despite both admitting to still harboring feelings for the other during the presence of the documentary cameras.
Meanwhile, Roy vows to win Pam back. Roy's efforts to improve his relationship with Pam are quite successful, but once Pam and Roy are back together, he falls back into old habits almost immediately. When Roy and Pam attend an after work get-together at a local bar with their co-workers, Pam, feeling that she should be more honest with Roy, tells him about Jim kissing her at, "Casino Night." Roy yells, smashes a mirror, and trashes the bar. Pam, frightened and embarrassed by his reaction, breaks up with Roy immediately. Roy vows to kill Jim and in, "The Negotiation", Roy unsuccessfully tries to attack Jim at work (Jim is saved by Dwight's intervention), and is subsequently fired. Pam later reluctantly agrees to meet Roy for coffee at his request, and after the polite but brief meeting, it appears that their relationship has ended amicably with Roy encouraging Pam to pursue Jim.
Pam participates in an art show, but few people attend. Her co-worker, Oscar, brings his partner along who, not knowing that Pam is standing behind him, criticizes her work by proclaiming that "real art requires courage." Oscar then goes on to say that courage isn't one of Pam's strong points. Affected by this statement, Pam tells the documentary crew that she is going to be more honest, culminating in a dramatic coal walk during the next-to-last episode of the season, "Beach Games", and a seemingly sincere speech to Jim in front of the entire office about their relationship. Michael also comes to the art show and reveals his erratically kind heart and loyalty by buying, framing and hanging Pam's drawing of the Dunder Mifflin building in the office. In the season finale, "The Job," she leaves a friendly note in Jim's briefcase and an old memento depicting the 'gold medal' yogurt lid from the Office Olympics, which he sees during an interview for a job at Corporate in New York City. While he is asked how he "would function here in New York", Jim is shown to have his mind back in Scranton, still distracted by the thought of Pam. Jim withdraws his name from consideration and drives back to the office, where he interrupts a talking head Pam is doing for the documentary crew by asking her out for dinner. She happily accepts, visibly moved, abandoning a train of thought about how she would be fine if Jim got the job and never came back to Scranton. Karen quits soon after, becoming the regional manager at Dunder Mifflin's Utica branch.
Seasons 4–6[edit]
In Season 4, Pam retains the assertiveness she developed in the third season. She wears her hair down and has updated her old dowdy wardrobe.
In the season 4 premiere, "Fun Run", Jim and Pam confess that they have started dating after the camera crew catches them kissing. The office ultimately learns of their relationship in "Dunder Mifflin Infinity". In "Chair Model", after teasing Pam about his impending proposal, Jim tells the documentary crew he is not kidding around about an engagement and shows them a ring he bought a week after he and Pam started dating. In the next few episodes, Jim fake-proposes to Pam multiple times. In "Goodbye, Toby", Pam discovers she's been accepted at Pratt Institute, an art and design school in Brooklyn . In an interview later in the episode, Jim announces that he will propose to Pam that evening. Just as Jim is preparing to propose, however, Andy Bernard stands up and makes his own impromptu proposal to Angela. Having had his thunder stolen by Andy, Jim reluctantly puts the ring back in his jacket pocket, leaving Pam visibly disappointed as she was expecting Jim to propose that night.
In the Season 5 premiere, "Weight Loss", Pam begins her three-month course at the Pratt Institute. In this episode, Jim proposes in the pouring rain at a rest stop, saying that he "can't wait". In "Business Trip", Pam learns that she is failing one of her classes and will have to remain in New York another three months to retake it. Although Jim is supportive and tells her he will wait for her to come back "the right way", she ultimately makes the decision to return home, saying that she realized she hated graphic design and missed Scranton. A deleted scene for the episode shows Jim looking through Pam's graphic design projects, which he thinks are "cool", as well as a notebook filled with pencil sketches, which he finds a lot more impressive than her graphic design projects, implying her talents lie in hand-drawn works. In "Two Weeks", Pam agrees to become Michael's first saleswoman in his not-yet-established company, The Michael Scott Paper Co., as a supportive Jim looks on. When David Wallace makes an offer to buy the company Michael negotiates in order to get their jobs at Dunder Mifflin back instead, including adding Pam to the sales team. In "Company Picnic", Pam, after dominating the company volleyball tournament, injures her ankle during a game and is taken to the hospital against her wishes. At the hospital, the camera crew is stationed outside an exam room while a doctor updates Jim and Pam on her condition. There is no audio as the camera shows Jim and Pam embrace, looking shocked and ecstatic. It is implied that she is pregnant and is confirmed in the Season 6 premiere, "Gossip".
Jim and Pam marry early in the season, at Niagara Falls, during the highly anticipated, hour long episode, "Niagara". The ending of the episode, in which their co-workers dance down the aisle, is an imitation of a viral YouTube video — JK Wedding Entrance Dance.[9] Following the wedding, a multi-episode story arc begins in which it is revealed that Michael hooked up with Pam's mother the night of the wedding. The two break up during "Double Date", an episode that ends with Pam slapping Michael in response to his actions.
In "The Delivery" of Season 6, Pam and Jim have their first child, a daughter named Cecelia Marie Halpert. Jenna Fischer was granted naming rights by show producers, and chose to name her after her own niece.[10]
Season 7[edit]
In "Counseling", Pam feels inadequate about her poor performance in sales and tricks Gabe into promoting her to a phony new salaried position called office administrator. In "China", Pam tries to use her authority as office administrator to force building manager Dwight to stop his annoying cost-cutting measures. Pam threatens to move the office to a new building, which Dwight discovers doesn't exist. Pam saves face, however, when Dwight secretly has his assistant provide her with a book on building regulations that proves Dwight's measures were not allowed. The episode is another example of Dwight's covert protectiveness and fondness for Pam (as previously demonstrated in "The Injury", "Back from Vacation", "The Job" and "Diwali"); Mindy Kaling said during an online Q&A session that Dwight has a soft spot for her that he does not extend to anyone else at the office. She also uses her position to buy Erin Hannon an expensive desk top computer to replace the terrible one she had to use for years, as well as discreetly giving Andy a new computer, and giving Daryll three sick days. At the end of the episode she proudly says that she is, "Full on corrupt."
In "Goodbye, Michael", Pam almost misses saying good-bye to Michael, as she spends most of the day out of the office trying to price shredders. Jim figures out Michael's plan to leave early and tells her by text. Pam reaches the airport in time and is the last person to see Michael before he leaves.
Season 8[edit]
At the beginning of Season 8, Pam is revealed to be pregnant with her and Jim's second child, Philip Halpert. The child coincided with Jenna Fischer's actual pregnancy. She begins her maternity leave after "Gettysburg". Pam returns in "Jury Duty", where she and Jim bring Cece and Phillip into the office. In both "Tallahassee" and "Test the Store" Pam is shown helping, and developing her friendship with Andy.
Season 9[edit]
Early in season 9, Jim is restless about his life in Scranton and helps a friend start a Sports Marketing business, Athlead, in Philadelphia but he keeps it a secret from Pam until the third episode "Andy's Ancestry". Although Pam is happy for his decision, she is concerned about the fact that he had kept it a secret from her and she is later disturbed to hear about just how much of their money he had invested. Jim begins spending part of each work week in Philadelphia, but in "Customer Loyalty", the strain of this on Pam is evident when she breaks down in tears, and is comforted by Brian, the boom mic operator of the film crew.
In "Moving On", Pam interviews for a job in Philadelphia to be closer to Jim, but she is turned off by the idea when her prospective new boss bears a striking resemblance in behavior to Michael Scott. Over dinner, Pam reveals to Jim that she doesn't really want to move to Philadelphia after all. However, in "Livin' the Dream", when Athlead is bought out and Jim is offered a large sum of money for 3 months to pitch the company across the country, Pam overhears Jim refuse the opportunity because of her and appears to have mixed feelings about this decision. In "A.A.R.M.", Pam tells Jim that she's afraid that he will resent her for making him stay and that she might not be enough for him. Jim asks the camera crew to compile documentary footage of the two of them to show her. When she finishes the montage, which shows Jim taking back a letter he intended to give her with his teapot gift during Christmas; Jim finally gives her that letter, and she reads it, visibly moved. In the series finale, which takes place a year later, she reveals to Jim that she secretly put the house on the market, so that they can move to Austin, Texas, and take his job back at Athlead (now Athleap).
Coworker relations[edit]
From her years working the front desk, Pam has become well-acquainted with the Dunder-Mifflin staff and is consistently shown to have a thorough understanding of her coworkers' personalities, including the more eccentric individuals Dwight Schrute and Michael Scott. She uses this familiarity to manipulate them, often for their and the company's best interests (such as her giving the staff elaborate instructions on how to handle a heartbroken Michael in "The Chump") but also occasionally for her own. This familiarity plays a large part in her efficiency as office administrator and was crucial to her being promoted to the previously non-existent position.
Jim Halpert[edit]
Main article: Jim Halpert
The "will they or won't they" tension between Jim and Pam is a strong storyline in the early episodes of The Office, encompassing much of Seasons 1 to 3. In the opener of Season 4, the two characters are revealed to be dating, and as such, other character romances, such as the romance between fellow co-workers Dwight Schrute and Angela Martin, begin to move more toward the forefront of episodes. In Season 6, Jim and Pam are married in the season's 4th and 5th episodes (hour long), a feat considered noteworthy by many television critics, as bringing together the two lead love interests in a television series is often thought to be a risky venture.[11] Their child is born in the second half of the season, during another hour long, "The Delivery". Pam and Jim's second child is born during season 8. In season 9, their marriage becomes strained when Jim takes up a second job in Philadelphia. They ultimately decide to leave Dunder Mifflin together so Jim can pursue his dream job.
Roy Anderson[edit]
Main article: Roy Anderson (The Office)
When the series begins, Pam is engaged to her high school sweetheart Roy Anderson; this engagement is revealed to be three years old and running. They finally set a date, but Pam calls off the wedding at the last minute. They get back together once, briefly, but Pam is much more assertive, and finally breaks up with him after he has a violent outburst. Roy is deeply flawed - he is overbearing, neglectful, dismissive of her desire to be an artist, and offers her sex as a gift on Valentine's Day. Jim comments in Season 2 that Pam does not like to "bother" Roy with her "thoughts or feelings". He tells the camera crew that the only two problems in Pam's life seemed to be Roy and her job at Dunder Mifflin.
In the early seasons, there is a great deal of tension between Jim and Roy, with Roy often acting threateningly towards Jim. In "Basketball", when Jim starts to impress Pam with his basketball skills, Roy elbows Jim in the nose. In season 2, when Jim encourages Pam to pursue a graphic arts internship offered by Dunder Mifflin, Roy objects to the opportunity and eventually convinces her that the idea is foolish. Pam ultimately calls off her wedding to Roy, but they remain friendly and he is determined to win her back by being less of a jerk. She reconciles with Roy at Phyllis's wedding as a response to watching Jim date Karen. In an attempt at a fresh start with Roy, Pam comes clean about Jim kissing her during "Casino Night". Roy flies into a violent rage and Pam ends the relationship on the spot. The next day, Roy attempts to attack Jim in the office but is stopped by Dwight's pepper spray and is summarily fired. After losing his job, Roy meets Pam for coffee and says that even though Jim is dating Karen, she should at least make an effort to date him (inasmuch as she called off the wedding because of him).
In season 5, Jim and Roy run into each other at a bar and Roy learns that Jim and Pam are engaged. The mood is somewhat awkward, but Roy is congratulatory, but then makes a somewhat passive-aggressive comment, seemingly meant to make Jim feel insecure about his current role in Pam's life, which tempts him to drive to Pratt, where she is attending art classes. Jim gets on the freeway, but changes his mind and remembers that he trusts Pam. Jim didn't want to treat Pam the same way Roy treated her.
Michael Scott[edit]
Main article: Michael Scott (The Office)
In the series pilot, Michael is overtly rude to Pam and at one point fakes her firing, leaving her in tears. He often makes suggestive if harmless remarks about her beauty and general appearance, and at one point lies to the camera that they used to date (inspiring a horrified "WHAT???" from Pam when an interviewer relays the message to her). However, his impulsive attempt to kiss her during Diwali is shot down and marked the end of any romantic dreams for Michael with Pam. Over time, the combination of Michael being supportive of her goals, her transition from a bad relationship with Roy to a great one with Jim as well as her finding a job she not only enjoys but is effective at in the office administrator position and Michael finding his own soulmate in Holly Flax made Pam soften her stance towards Michael, and the experience at the Michael Scott Paper Company further bonded them (as did Michael's decision to choose Pam instead of Ryan Howard as the only MSPC salesman to keep that job when Michael returned as Branch Manager). Pam was furious at Michael for dating her mom Helene, and excoriated him at length during "The Lover" before eventually slapping him in "Double Date", but they once again were able to be civil to each other afterward. Pam does set up boundaries around her personal life that Michael can't cross, like telling him that he wasn't Cece's godfather. By Season 7, Pam acts as something of a guardian angel for Michael, steering him away from (numerous) bad ideas and towards his (fewer but real) good ones, such as his successful efforts to propose to Holly. In Michael's finale "Goodbye, Michael", Pam spends the whole day looking for a shredder, believing that the next day Michael was leaving. As Michael takes off his microphone and heads down the airport concourse, Pam runs to him with no shoes and hugs him as he kisses her cheek. The two have a nice moment and he walks off, leaving her holding her shoes. She then tells the camera that he was happy, wanting to be an advanced rewards member, and was glad to be going home to see Holly. She then is there to watch Michael's plane take off. In a deleted scene from "The Inner Circle", we learn Pam is flattered that Michael named his new puppy "Pamela Beagsley", and in "The List" she playfully teases Jim by calling their second child "Little Michael Scott", further proving that the two have developed a genuine friendship.
Toby Flenderson[edit]
Main article: Toby Flenderson
Toby, the Human Resources Representative for Dunder Mifflin in the Scranton branch, has a secret crush on Pam. In "A Benihana Christmas" she gives him her Dunder-Mifflin bathrobe, a display of friendly affection, after he spent the day feeling bad that Dwight took his. In "Night Out", Toby awkwardly rubs her knee while they share a laugh (and while Jim sits just on her other side), and the rest of the office watches in horror. In his mortification, Toby immediately announces that he is moving to Costa Rica before jumping over the locked gate and fleeing. In "Goodbye, Toby", he purchases a DSLR camera just to get a picture with Pam. On the eve of his departure, she confesses to the cameras that she always thought he was "kind of cute". The crush receives less attention after Toby's return. However, in "Niagara", Pam and Jim are late for their wedding and he is visibly excited at the prospect that the wedding might not happen. In "Finale", Pam and Toby dance with each other at Dwight's wedding, with Toby beginning to cry as Pam comforts him. When she asks, "is it me?", he replies that "it's everything!".
Appearances[edit]
Pam Halpert has appeared in every episode with the exceptions of "Business Ethics" (except for the deleted scenes), "St. Patrick's Day", and "New Leads" in which only her voice is heard, and several season 8 episodes from "Mrs. California" to "Pool Party", where she did not appear at all as Fischer was on maternity leave.[12]
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Pam Beesly's full name is Pamela Morgan Beesly (later Pamela Morgan Halpert). In "The Lover" Michael says to Pam, "Pamela Morgan Beesly, you need to apologize to your mother right now."[2] In "Did I Stutter?" Jim says to Pam, "You know what would energize me? If you, Pamela Morgan Beesly..."[3]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Halpert Baby Blog". Halpertbeesly.com. Archived from the original on 2016-05-27. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
Jump up ^ "Season 6 – Episode 06: 'The Lover'". OfficeQuotes.net. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Season 4 – Episode 12: 'Did I Stutter?'". OfficeQuotes.net. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ Episode commentary, Season 2, "Valentine's Day"
^ Jump up to: a b c d "For Jenna Fischer, 'Office' Life Is A Great Act". NPR. 2008-12-30. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jenna Fischer rocks the OTCR". OfficeTally. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
Jump up ^ Season 2 DVD, "Valentine's Day", episode commentary
^ Jump up to: a b "Pam Beesly (Pam/Jenna) op Myspace". Myspace.com. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
Jump up ^ "JK Wedding Entrance Dance". YouTube. 2009-07-19. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
Jump up ^ People Magazine, Week of 03/05/2010
Jump up ^ "The Office: Why Jim and Pam's wedding is good for TV comedy". NJ.com. Retrieved 2012-11-30.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (September 8, 2011). "The Office Exclusive: 'Til Death's Lindsey Broad Befriends Pam". TVLine. Retrieved November 12, 2011.
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