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Akira Haraguchi
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Akira Haraguchi (原口 證, Haraguchi Akira) (born 1946, Miyagi Prefecture), a retired Japanese engineer, is known for memorizing and reciting digits of pi.
Memorization of pi[edit]
He holds the current unofficial world record (100,000 digits) in 16 hours, starting at 9 a.m (16:28 GMT) on October 3, 2006 and having recited up to 83,431 digits by nightfall, stopping with digit number 100,000 at 1:28 a.m. on October 4, 2006. The event was filmed in a public hall in Kisarazu, east of Tokyo, where he had five-minute breaks every two hours to eat onigiri to keep up his energy levels. Even his trips to the toilet were filmed to prove that the exercise was legitimate. Haraguchi's previous world record (83,431), was performed from July 1, 2005 to July 2, 2005. On Pi Day, 2015, he claimed to be able to recite 111,701 digits.[1]
Despite Haraguchi's efforts and detailed documentation, the Guinness World Records have not yet accepted any of his records set.

Haraguchi views the memorization of pi as "the religion of the universe",[2] and as an expression of his lifelong quest for eternal truth.
Haraguchi's mnemonic system[edit]
Haraguchi uses a system he developed, which assigns kana symbols to numbers, allowing for the memorization of Pi as a collection of stories. The same system was developed by C.S. Lewis to assign letters from the alphabet to numbers, and creating stories to memorize numbers. This system preceded the system above which Haraguchi developed.[citation needed]
Example[1]
[2]
0 => can be substituted by o, ra, ri, ru, re, ro, wo, on or oh;
1 => can be substituted by a, i, u, e, hi, bi, pi, an, ah, hy, hyan, bya or byan;
The same is done for each number from 2 through 9. His stories are what he used to memorize pi.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Bellos, Alex (2015-03-13). "He ate all the pi : Japanese man memorises π to 111,700 digits". The Guardian. Retrieved 2015-08-14.
^ Jump up to: a b Otake, Tomoko (2006-12-17). "How can anyone remember 100,000 numbers?". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2007-10-27.
External links[edit]
BBC News, Asia-Pacific
Pi World Ranking List
Memory world records
[1]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Akira_Haraguchi&oldid=819060543"
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Indian Police Service
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the civil service, the Indian Police Service. For the police in India, see Law enforcement in India.
Service Overview
Abbreviation
IPS
Date of Establishment
1905 (As Imperial Police)
1948 (as IPS)[1]
Country
India
Staff College
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy, Hyderabad, Telangana
Cadre Controlling Authority
Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India
Minister Responsible
Rajnath Singh, Minister responsible for Ministry of Home Affairs
Legal personality
Governmental: Government service
Duties
Law Enforcement
Crime Investigation
Security Intelligence (Internal & External)
Public Order
Cadre Strength
3894 members (2016)[2]
Selection
Civil Services Examination
Association
IPS (Central) Association
Head of the Civil Services
Current Cabinet Secretary
Pradeep Kumar Sinha, IAS
The Indian Police Service (Bhāratīya Pulis Sevā) or IPS, is an All India Service for policing.[3] It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India gained independence from Britain.
Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is one of the three All India Services — its cadre can be employed by both the Union Government and the individual States.
The service is not a force itself but provides leaders and commanders to staff the state police and all-India Central Armed Police Forces. Its members are the senior officers of the police.[4] The Bureau of police Research and Development is responsible for research and development of the police force in India.
Contents
1 History
1.1 British India
1.2 Modern India
1.2.1 Medals and decorations
2 Objective
3 Selection
3.1 Training
3.2 State Cadres
3.2.1 Cadre Allocation Policy
3.2.2 Old Cadre Allocation Policies
4 Career Progression
4.1 Pay structure of Indian Police Service
4.2 Ranks and insignia
4.2.1 Ranks of IPS officers
5 Reforms and major concerns
5.1 Corruption and fake encounters
5.2 National Police Commission (1977-81)
5.3 Ribeiro Committee (1998-99)
5.4 Padmanabhaiah Committee (2000)
5.5 Malimath Committee Report (2003)
5.6 Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005)
5.7 Supreme Court intervention (2006)
5.8 Follow-up from Supreme Court
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
History[edit]
“ There is no alternative to this administrative system... The Union will go, you will not have a united India if you do not have good All-India Service which has the independence to speak out its mind, which has sense of security that you will standby your work... If you do not adopt this course, then do not follow the present Constitution. Substitute something else... these people are the instrument. Remove them and I see nothing, but a picture of chaos all over the country. ”
— Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in Constituent Assembly discussing the role of All India Services[5][6][7]
British India[edit]
Jamadar, constable and sergeant - NCO positions opened to Indians until 1920
Indian Police Medal issued in 1940
In 1861, the British Government introduced the Indian Councils Act, 1861.[8] The act created the foundation of a modern and professionalised police bureaucracy in India. It introduced, a new cadre of police, called Superior Police Services, later known as the Indian Imperial Police.[8] The highest rank in the service was the inspector general[8] for each province. The rank of inspector general was equated and ranked with brigadier,[9] and similar ranks in the Indian Armed Forces, as per central warrant of precedence in 1937.[a][9]
In 1902-03, a police commission was established for the Police reforms under Sir Andrew Fraser and Lord Curzon.[10] It recommended the appointment of Indians at officer level in the police. Indians could rise only to the ranks of Inspector of police, the senior N.C.O. position. However they were not part of Indian Imperial Police.[10]
From 1920, Indian Imperial Police was open to Indians and the entrance examination for the service was conducted both in India and England.[10]
Prior to Independence, senior police officers belonging to the Imperial Police (IP) were appointed by the Secretary of State on the basis of a competitive examination. The first open civil service examination for admission to the service was held in England in June 1893 and the ten top candidates were appointed as probationers in the Indian (Imperial) Police. It is not possible to pinpoint an exact date on which the Indian Police came formally into being. Around 1907, the Secretary of State's officers were directed to wear the letters "IP" on their epaulettes in order to distinguish them from the other officers not recruited by the Secretary of State through examination. In this sense, 1907 could be regarded as the starting point.[1] In 1948, a year after India gained independence; the Imperial Police was replaced by IPS.
Modern India[edit]
The modern Indian Administrative Service was created under the Article 312(2) in part XIV of the Constitution of India.[11]
In 1972, Kiran Bedi joined the IPS, becoming the first woman police officer.[12]
As per media reports, there is a massive shortage of IPS officers in India, amounting to nearly 19% to 22% of sanctioned strength.[13][14]
Medals and decorations[edit]
Main articles: Police Medal (India) and President's Police Medal
Historically, few officers have been awarded United Nations Medal and have participated in Indian Army United Nations peacekeeping missions.
Objective[edit]
The First Police Commission, appointed on 17 August 1865, contained detailed guidelines for the desired system of police in India and defined the police as a governmental department to maintain order, enforce the law, and to prevent and detect crime. The Indian Police Service is not a force itself but a service providing leaders and commanders to staff the state police and all-India Central Armed Police Forces. Its members are the senior officers of the police. With the passage of time Indian Police Service's objectives were updated and redefined, the current roles and functions of an Indian Police Service Officer are as follows:[15]
To fulfil duties based on border responsibilities, in the areas of maintenance of public peace and order, crime prevention, investigation, and detection, collection of intelligence, VIP security, counter-terrorism, border policing, railway policing, tackling smuggling, drug trafficking, economic offences, corruption in public life, disaster management, enforcement of socio-economic legislation, bio-diversity and protection of environmental laws etc.
Leading and commanding the Indian Intelligence Agencies like Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), Criminal Investigation Department (CID) etc., Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies, Civil and Armed Police Forces in all the states and union territories.
Leading and commanding the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) which include the Central Police Organisations (CPO) such as Border Security Force (BSF), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP), National Security Guard (NSG), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Vigilance Organisations and Indian Federal Law Enforcement Agencies.
To interact and coordinate closely with the members of other All India Services and with the Indian Revenue Service and also with the Indian Armed Forces primarily with the Indian Army.
To lead and command the force with courage, uprightness, dedication and a strong sense of service to the people.
Endeavor to inculcate in the police forces under their command such values and norms as would help them serve the people better.
Inculcate integrity of the highest order, sensitivity to aspirations of people in a fast-changing social and economic milieu, respect for human rights, broad liberal perspective of law and justice and high standard of professionalism.
Selection[edit]
IPS officers are recruited from Civil Services Examination. They are also promoted from State Police Services and DANIPS. However, at present, recruitment from Limited Competitive Examination has been put on hold.[13]
Training[edit]
The training of IPS officer recruits is conducted at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy in Hyderabad. The authorised cadre strength of Indian Police Service is 4920. (3270 Direct Recruitment Posts and 1650 Promotional Posts).[16] The Civil List of IPS officers is an updated (annual) list maintained by the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India that lists the posting details of all IPS officers in India. This Civil List can be accessed from the MHA website. It allows searching for an IPS officer on the basis of his/her name, Batch or Cadre.[17]
State Cadres[edit]
Cadre Allocation Policy[edit]
The Union Government announced a new cadre allocation policy for the All India Services in August 2017, touting it as a policy to ensure national integration of the bureaucracy as officers and ensure All-India character of the services. Under the new policy, the existing 26 cadres have been divided into five zones in the new policy by the Department of Personnel and Training of Government of India.[18][19][20][21][22][23][24]
Under the new policy, a candidate has to first give his/her choice in the descending order of preference from amongst the various Zones.[24] Subsequently, the candidate has to indicate one preference of cadre from each preferred zone.[24] The candidate indicates his second cadre preference for every preferred zone subsequently. The process continues till a preference for all the cadres is indicated by the candidate.[24] The preference for the zones/cadres remains in the same order and no change is permitted.[24]
Officers continue to work in the cadre they are allotted or are deputed to the Government of India.[25]
Zones under the new Cadre Allocation Policy
Zone
States
Zone-I AGMUT (Arunachal Pradesh-Goa-Mizoram and Union Territories), Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana.
Zone-II Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and Odisha.
Zone-III Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.
Zone-IV West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam-Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura and Nagaland.
Zone-V Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
Old Cadre Allocation Policies[edit]
Till 2008 there was no system of preference of state cadre by the candidates; the candidates, if not placed in the insider vacancy of their home states, were allotted to different states in alphabetical order of the roster, beginning with the letters A, H, M, T for that particular year. For example, if in a particular year the roster begins from 'A', which means the first candidate on the roster will go to the Andhra Pradesh state cadre of IPS, the next one to Bihar, and subsequently to Chhattisgarh, Gujarat and so on in alphabetical order.[26] The next year the roster starts from 'H', for either Haryana or Himachal Pradesh (if it has started from Haryana on the previous occasion when it all started from 'H', then this time it would start from Himachal Pradesh). This highly intricate system, in vogue since the mid-1980s, had ensured that officers from different states are placed all over India.
The system of permanent State cadres has also resulted in wide disparities in the kind of professional exposure for officers, when we compare officers in small and big and also developed and backward states.[26] Changes of state cadre is permitted on grounds of marriage to an All India Service officer of another state cadre or under other exceptional circumstances. The officer may go to their home state cadre on deputation for a limited period, after which one has to invariably return to the cadre allotted to him or her.[27]
From 2008 to 2017 IPS officers were allotted to State cadres at the beginning of their service. There was one cadre for each Indian state, except for two joint cadres: Assam–Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh–Goa–Mizoram–Union Territories (AGMUT).[27] The "insider-outsider ratio" (ratio of officers who were posted in their home states) is maintained as 1:2, with one-third of the direct recruits as 'insiders' from the same state.[28] The rest were posted as outsiders according to the 'roster' in states other than their home states,[28] as per their preference.
Career Progression[edit]
Pay structure of Indian Police Service[edit]
Pay structure of the Indian Police Service[4][29][30] hide
Insignia
Grade/level on pay matrix[29][30]
Position in the state government(s)[4]
Other positions or designation in the state government(s) or the Government of India (GOI)[4][31]
Position in Indian order of precedence
Basic salary (monthly)[29][30]
—
Apex scale (pay level 17)
—
Secretary (R), Secretary (Security) in the Cabinet Secretariat.
23
₹225,000 (US$3,133)
Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB)
25
Director General of Police (Head of Police Force) Director of Intelligence Bureau (IB), special director in IB, Director of Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), Director General of National Investigation Agency (NIA), Commissioner of Police of Delhi, director general of a Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF).
HAG+ Scale (pay level 16) Director general of police Special director general in CAPFs, special director in IB, special director in CBI, director of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy (SVPNPA), Director General of Bureau of police Research and Development, Director General of Narcotics Control Bureau. ₹205,400 (US$2,860)
HAG scale[32] (pay level 15) Additional director general of police Director of National Crime Records Bureau, special commissioner of police in Delhi, commissioner of police (city police commissionerate), additional director general in NIA, additional director in IB, additional director in CBI, additional director general in CAPFs.
—
₹200,000 (US$2,785)
Senior administrative grade (pay level 14) Inspector general of police Joint commissioner of police in Delhi, commissioner of police (city police commissionerate), inspector general in CAPFs, inspector general in NIA, Joint Director in IB, Joint Director in CBI, Joint Director in SVPNPA.
—
₹175,000 (US$2,437)
Super time scale (DIG/Conservator grade) (pay level 13A) Deputy inspector general of police Additional commissioner of police in Delhi, commissioner of police (city police commissionerate), deputy inspector general in CAPFs, deputy inspector general in NIA, Deputy Director in IB, deputy inspector general in CBI, Deputy Director in SVPNPA.
—
₹150,000 (US$2,089)
Selection grade (pay level 13) Superintendent of police (selection grade) Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi. ₹118,500 (US$1,650)
Junior administrative grade (pay level 12) Superintendent of police Deputy commissioner of police in Delhi. ₹78,800 (US$1,097)
Senior time scale (pay level 11) Additional superintendent of police Additional deputy commissioner of police in Delhi. ₹67,700 (US$943)
Junior time scale (pay level 10) Assistant superintendent of police Assistant commissioner of police in Delhi. ₹56,100 (US$781)
Ranks and insignia[edit]
Main article: List of police ranks in India
Though the standard uniform colour is Khaki.[33]
The ranks, posts and designations of IPS officers vary from state to state as law and order is a state matter. But generally the following pattern is observed.
Ranks of IPS officers[edit]
[34][35][36][37]
Indian Police Service Officer Rank Insignia [38][39][40]
Insignia
Rank Director of Intelligence Bureau (GOI)¹ Director General of Police² Additional Director General of Police² Inspector General of Police Deputy Inspector General of Police Superintendent of Police (Selection Grade) Superintendent of Police Additional Superintendent of Police Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 3 years of service) Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 2 years of service) Assistant Superintendent of Police (Probationary Rank: 1 year of service)
Abbreviation DIB DGP ADGP IGP DIG SP SP Addl. SP ASP ASP
¹ Although DIB is a 4 star post and not a rank, it's given to the senior most IPS officer in Intelligence Bureau.
² Rank insignia of DGP is similar to Additional DGP.
Note: Commissioner of Police is a post is held by different rank officers in different places. For example, it is held by DG rank officer only in Delhi and Mumbai; by Additional DG rank officer in Pune, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Bangalore, Kolkata, Guwahati etc; by IG rank officer in Gurgaon, Ludhiana, Mysore etc; by DIG rank officer in Trivandrum, Kochi etc.
Flags (top photo) & Stars (bottom photo) on official cars of senior IPS officers, as per their rank.
Reforms and major concerns[edit]
India's police continue to be governed by an colonial police law passed in 1861. The Indian Constitution makes policing a state subject and therefore the state governments have the responsibility to provide their communities with a police service. However, after independence, most have adopted the 1861 Act without change, while others have passed laws heavily based on the 1861 Act.
Repeated major incidents, (latest of them being 2012 Delhi gang rape) revealed failure of police to uphold the rule of law.[41][42]
The need for reform of police in India has been long recognised. There has been almost 30 years of debate and discussion by government created committees and commissions on the way forward for police reform, but India remains saddled with an outdated and old-fashioned law, while report after report gathers dust on government bookshelves without implementation. Many committees on police reforms have recommended major reforms in the police system coupled with systematic accountability.[43][44]
Corruption and fake encounters[edit]
Recently, several IPS officers were arrested and jailed[45][46] in graft and corruption cases[47][48][49] In recent years, the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet has dismissed few IPS officers for non performance.[50]
Some IPS officers have been convicted of fake encounters.[51][52]
National Police Commission (1977-81)[edit]
National Police Commission was the first committee set up by the Indian government to report on policing. The National Police Commission began sitting in 1979, in the context of a post-Emergency India, and produced eight reports, including a Model Police Act, between 1979 and 1981.[53]
Ribeiro Committee (1998-99)[edit]
See also: J. F. Ribeiro
In 1996, two former senior police officers filed a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court, asking for the Court to direct governments to implement the recommendations of the National Police Commission. The Supreme Court directed the government to set up a committee to review the Commission's recommendations, and thus the Ribeiro Committee was formed. The Committee, under the leadership of J. F. Ribeiro, a former chief of police, sat over 1998 and 1999, and produced two reports.[53][54]
Padmanabhaiah Committee (2000)[edit]
In 2000, the government set up a third committee on police reform, this time under the stewardship of a former union Home Secretary, K. Padmanabhaiah. This Committee released its report in the same year.[53][55]
Malimath Committee Report (2003)[edit]
See also: V. S. Malimath
The Malimath Committee Report submitted in March, 2003 has very articulately laid down the foundation of a restructured and reoriented police system.[56] The Committee in its report observed that the success of the whole process of Criminal Justice Administration depended completely on the proper functioning of the police organisation especially in the investigation stage. Apart from the investigation of offences, the police also have the duty of maintaining law and order.
Soli Sorabjee Committee (2005)[edit]
See also: Soli Sorabjee
In 2005, the government put together a group to draft a new police Act for India. It was headed by Soli Sorabjee (former Attorney General). The committee submitted a Model Police Act to the union government in late 2006.[53]
Supreme Court intervention (2006)[edit]
In 1996, Prakash Singh (a former chief of Assam Police and Uttar Pradesh Police and subsequently Director General of the Border Security Force) initiated a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Supreme Court of India, asking the court to investigate measures to reform the police forces across India to ensure the proper rule of law and improve security across India. The Supreme Court studied various reports on police reforms. Finally, in 2006, a bench of Justice Y.K. Sabharwal, Justice C.K. Thakker and Justice P.K. Balasubramanyan[57] ordered the state governments to implement several reforms in police force.[58]
Several measures were identified as necessary to professionalise the police in India:
A mid or high ranking police officer must not be transferred more frequently than every two years.
The state government cannot ask the police force to hire someone, nor can they choose the Director General of the State Police.
There must be separate departments and staff for investigation and patrolling,[59] which will include the creation of:
A State Security Commission, for policies and direction
A Police Establishment Board, which will decide the selection, promotions and transfers of police officers and other staff
A Police Complaints Authority, to inquire into allegations of police misconduct.
Follow-up from Supreme Court[edit]
In 2006, due to a lack of action by all the state governments,[60] the Supreme Court ordered the state governments to report to it why the reform measures outlined were not implemented.[61] After being questioned in front of the judges of the Supreme Court, the state governments are finally starting to reform the police forces and give them the operational independence they need for fearless and proper law enforcement. Tamil Nadu Police has been in the forefront of application of the new referendum.[62]
Again, in October 2012, a Supreme Court bench of Chief Justice Altamas Kabir and Justices Surinder Singh Nijjar and Jasti Chelameswar asked all state governments and Union territories to inform about compliance of its September 2006 judgement. The order was passed when Prakash Singh through his lawyer Prashant Bhushan said that many of the reforms (ordered by the Supreme Court) have yet not been implemented by many state governments.[63]
See also[edit]
India portal
National Police Memorial India
Indian State Police Services
Law enforcement in India
Encounter killings by police
Civil Services of India
All India Service
Special Duty Allowance (SDA)
Union Public Service Commission
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Data History of Indian Police Service (Official Raj Govt. Page)". Archived from the original on 3 May 2010. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "Authorised Cadre Strength of the Indian Police Service (as on 01.01.2016)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "IPS, IAS and IFS: All India Services (Government of India)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 13 April 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Service Profile for Indian Police Service (IPS)" (PDF). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 23 August 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Discussion in Constituent Assembly on role of Indian Administrative". Government of India. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Save the integrity of the civil service". Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ H.N. Bali. "One Who Forged India's Steel Frame". Retrieved 18 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Shahidullah, Shahid M. (2012). Comparative Criminal Justice Systems. Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN 9781449604257.
^ Jump up to: a b Bhullar, Colonel (Retd) Pritam (July 19, 2015). "A worrisome slide in Army's status". Hindustan Times. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Alexander, K. (2006). Police Reforms in India: An Analytical Study. New Delhi: Discovery Publishing Group. ISBN 9788183561280.
Jump up ^ "Part XIV of the Constitution of India- Services under the Union and the States - Article 312(2)" (PDF). Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2011. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "First woman IPS officer Kiran Bedi seeks voluntary retirement". The Economic Times. 27 November 2007. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Kumar, Manan (April 29, 2016). "States reel under huge shortfall of IPS officers". Daily News and Analysis. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "908 posts of IPS officers lying vacant". The Economic Times. March 20, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Duties and Responsibilities of Indian Police Service officers". UPSCguide.com. Archived from the original on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 November 2011. Retrieved 21 July 2011. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ "Indian Police Service (IPS) - Civil List 2017". Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Archived from the original on 24 December 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Dutta, Amrita Nayak (21 August 2017). "New cadre Policy which focuses on National Integration of All India Services". Daily News and Analysis. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "New cadre policy for IAS, IPS". The Indian Express. 24 August 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Bhaskar, Utpal (August 24, 2017). "Govt's proposed cadre policy for IAS, IPS officers draws ire". Live Mint. HT Media Ltd. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Shrivastava, Ashwini, ed. (August 23, 2017). "Govt finalises new cadre policy for IAS, IPS officers". India Today. Retrieved September 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "IAS, IPS allocation policy rejigged for 'national integration of bureaucracy'". Hindustan Times. August 23, 2017. Retrieved September 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Central government finalises new cadre policy for IAS, IPS officers". Deccan Chronicle. August 24, 2017. Retrieved September 10, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Cadre Allocation Policy for the All India Services-IAS/IPS/IFoS — Reg" (PDF). Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. September 5, 2017. Retrieved September 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Consolidated Deputation Guidelines for All India Services" (PDF). Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. 28 November 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Old Cadre allocation policy for All India Services - IAS/IPS/IFS" (PDF). Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. 30 May 1985. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Ganihar, N.; Belagali, Dr. H. V. (2009). Indian Administration (Vol. 2) (Educational Philosophy of Dr. Zakir Hussain). Global Vision Publishing House. p. 325. ISBN 9788182202412. Retrieved 4 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Revised Cadre Allocation Policy w.e.f. CSE-2009, dated 15.06.2011" (PDF). Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. 15 June 2011. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Indian Police Service (Pay) Rules, 2016" (PDF). Department of Personnel and Training, Government of India. September 23, 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Report of the 7th Central Pay Commission of India" (PDF). Seventh Central Pay Commission, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 November 2015. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Delhi Police Act, 1978 (Act No. 34 of 1978)". Delhi Police. 27 August 1978. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ http://mha1.nic.in/pdfs/IPS-Guid-190710.pdf
Jump up ^ Loiwal, Amit (March 3, 2007). "Why is the colour of the Indian police uniform khaki?". The Times of India. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Police Ranks" (PDF). Maharashtra Police. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 August 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Governance of Kerala Police". Kerala Police. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Police Ranks and Badges". Odisha Police. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Director, Intelligence Bureau's Insignia Equivalent to Armed Forces Generals". Government of India. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 27 July 2009.
Jump up ^ "Police Ranks" (PDF). Maharashtra Police. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Governance of Kerala Police". Kerala Police. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Police Ranks and Badges". Odisha Police. Retrieved August 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Inept Delhi cops get HC rap". Daily News and Analysis. December 21, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Two ACPs are suspended". The Hindu. December 25, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Failure of governance root cause of crimes against women: Verma committee". The Hindu. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
Jump up ^ "Read: Highlights of Justice Verma Committee report". CNNIBNLive. 23 January 2013. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Parihar, Rohit (September 17, 2015). "This IPS officer spent 7 years in jail before he busted biggest bribery case". India Today. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "IPS officer gets 13-year jail term for pilfering seized drug". Daily News and Analysis. March 11, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Sharma, Ankur (February 5, 2015). "Home Ministry set to transfer young IPS officers after charges of 'corruption' and 'dereliction of duty'". Daily Mail. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Corruption case against IPS officer, 5 held by Vigilance Dept". The Hindu. June 23, 2016. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Sood, Aman (August 18, 2016). "Booked for job fraud, IPS officer on the run". The Tribune. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2 IPS officers 'compulsorily' retired for not performing". The New Indian Express. January 17, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "MHA terminates services of IPS officer connected to Bhojpur fake encounter". The Indian Express. February 23, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "CBI arrests IPS officer in 2004 Ishrat Jahan fake encounter case". The Telegraph. February 21, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "PRAKASH SINGH Case at LIIofIndia.org". Retrieved 12 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ribeiro Committee". Retrieved 12 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Padmanabhaiah Committee". Archived from the original on 6 March 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Dutta, Mriganka Shekhar; Marico Baruah (1 January 2008). "POLICING THE NATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY : AN APPRAISAL OF THE PROPOSED REFORMS" (PDF). NUJS Law Review. Retrieved 3 January 2015. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "Prakash Singh Case". Retrieved 12 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Prasad, Devika; Caroline Avanzo (November 5, 2006). "Seize the opportunity". The Hindu. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Strip, Mobius; Ramesh Ramanathan (7 May 2007). "Sohrabbudin's encounter". Live Mint. HT Media Ltd. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "COMPLIANCE WITH SUPREME COURT DIRECTIVES" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Supreme Court of India takes the lead on police reform: Prakash Singh vs. Union of India". Archived from the original on 25 September 2009. Retrieved 12 September 2007.
Jump up ^ Das, Sunrat (6 May 2007). "Board to lend ears to transfer woes". Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "SC asks states to file affidavit on police reforms". Hindustan Times. 16 October 2012. Archived from the original on 17 October 2012. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
Notes
Jump up ^ The rank of IGP is ranked and equated with the rank of Brigadier / equivalent rank of the Indian Armed Forced as per Warrant of Precedence – 1937, as per Ministry of Home Affairs' directions contained in Letter No 12/11/99-Pub II dated 26 Dec 1966. This Warrant of Precedence is compiled from a joint consideration of the existing Central Warrant of Precedence (which is till the rank of Major General) and Warrant of Precedence – 1937, as per Ministry of Home Affairs' directions contained in Letter No 12/11/99-Pub II dated 26 Dec 1966, the validity of which has been confirmed by Letter No 12/1/2007-Public dated 14 Aug 2007. The MHA has confirmed in 2007 that the Old Warrant of Precedence shall be taken as a guide to determine ranks below the ones mentioned in the current WoP.
Further reading[edit]
History of services of Indian police service, as on 1 July 1966, by Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Published by Govt. of India, 1969.
The peace keepers: Indian Police Service (IPS), by S. R. Arun, IPS, DGP Uttar Pradesh. Published by Berghahn Books, 2000. ISBN 978-81-7049-107-1.
The Indian Police Journal (IPJ), by Bureau of police Research and Development, Ministry of Home Affairs. Published by Govt. of India, October–December 2009 Vol.LVI-No.4. ISSN 0537-2429.
History of services of Indian police service, as on 1 July 1966, by Ministry of Home Affairs, India. Published by Govt. of India, 1969.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Indian Police Service.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy
"Shortage of IPS officers". Press Information Bureau. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016.
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Chanda Kochhar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Chanda Kochhar
Born
(1961-11-17) 17 November 1961 (age 55)
Jodhpur, India
Alma mater
University of Mumbai
Occupation
Managing Director&
CEO;ICICI Bank
Spouse(s)
Deepak Kochhar
Children
2
Chanda Kochhar (born 17 November 1961) is the managing director and chief executive officer of ICICI Bank. She is widely recognised for her role in shaping retail banking in India.[1][2][3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 1984–1993
2.2 1993–2009
2.3 2009 to present
3 Recognition
4 Personal life
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Kochhar was born in Jodhpur, Rajasthan and raised in Jaipur, Rajasthan. She was educated at St. Angela Sophia School, Jaipur. She then moved to Mumbai, where she joined Jai Hind College for BCom degree of University of Mumbai. After graduating in 1982, she studied cost accountancy from Institute of Cost Accountants of India, and later acquired MMS degree of University of Mumbai from Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai. She received the Wockhardt Gold Medal for Excellence in Management Studies as well as the J. N. Bose Gold Medal in Cost Accountancy.[4]
Career[edit]
1984–1993[edit]
In 1984, Kochhar joined the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI)[5] as a management trainee. During her early years at ICICI, she handled project appraisal and monitoring and evaluated projects in industries such as textile, paper and cement.[4]
1993–2009[edit]
Kochhar was instrumental in establishing ICICI Bank during the 1990s. In 1993, Kochhar was appointed as one of the core team members who were assigned the responsibility of setting up the bank. She was promoted to assistant general manager in 1994 and then to deputy general manager in 1996. In 1996, Kochhar headed the newly formed Infrastructure Industry Group of ICICI Bank, which aimed to create dedicated industry expertise in the areas of power, telecom and transportation. In 1998, she was promoted as the General Manager and headed ICICI Bank's major client group, which handled relationships with ICICI's top 200 clients. In 1999, she also handled the strategy and e-commerce divisions of ICICI Bank. Under Kochhar's leadership, ICICI Bank started building the nascent retail business in 2000 focusing largely on technology, innovation, process engineering and expansion of distribution and scale.In April 2001, she took over as executive director.[4] In 2006, Kochhar was appointed as deputy managing director of ICICI Bank. In 2006- 07, Kochhar handled the international and corporate businesses of the bank. From 2007 to 2009, she was the bank's chief financial officer (CFO) and joint managing director.[6]
2009 to present[edit]
In 2009 Kochhar was appointed as managing director and chief executive officer of the bank and has been responsible for the bank’s diverse operations in India and overseas. [7] She also chairs the boards of most of the bank’s subsidiaries, which include India’s leading private sector life and general insurance companies.
Kochhar is a member of the India–Japan Business Leaders Forum and the US-India CEO Forum.[8] She was the president of the International Monetary Conference, an organization that annually brings together the chief executives of approximately 70 of the world's largest financial institutions from 30 countries, along with officials from government institutions in 2015-16. She is the deputy chairman of the Indian Banks Association. Kochhar is the chairperson of the board of governors at IIIT Vadodara. She is also on the boards of the National Institute of Securities Markets and Institute of International Finance. Kochhar has been a member of the Prime Minister's Council on Trade & Industry, the Board of Trade and High-Level Committee on Financing Infrastructure. She was co-chair of the World Economic Forum's Annual Meeting in 2011.
Kochhar received an honorary doctorate from Carleton University, Canada in 2014,[9] in recognition of her pioneering work in the financial sector, effective leadership in a time of economic crisis and support for engaged business practices. She was conferred with the Padma Bhushan, one of India's highest civilian honours, in 2011. [10]
Recognition[edit]
Under Kochhar's leadership, ICICI Bank won the "Best Retail Bank in India" award in 2001, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and "Excellence in Retail Banking Award" in 2002; both awards were given by The Asian Banker. Kochhar personally was awarded "Retail Banker of the Year 2004 (Asia-Pacific region)" by the Asian Banker, "Business Woman of the Year 2005" by The Economic Times and "Rising Star Award" for Global Awards 2006 by Retail Banker International. Kochhar has also consistently figured in Fortune's list of "Most Powerful Women in Business" since 2005.[4] She climbed up the list debuting with the 47th position in 2005, moving up 10 spots to 37 in 2006 and then to 33 in 2007.[11][12] In the 2008 list, Kochhar features at the 25th spot.[13] In 2009, she debuted at number 20 in the Forbes "World's 100 Most Powerful Women list". She is the second Indian in the list behind the Indian National Congress party chief Sonia Gandhi at number 13.[14] In 2010, she fell to number 92 in the Forbes list, but in 2011 bounced back to 43.[15][16] As of 2014, she ranks at #43.[17] And in 2015 she climbed up to #35 again.[18]
Kochhar has also consistently figured in Fortune's list of "Most Powerful Women in Business" since 2005. In 2009, she debuted at number 20 in the Forbes "World's 100 Most Powerful Women list",[19] and climbed to the 10th spot in 2010.[20] In 2011, she featured in Business Today's list of the "Most Powerful Women – Hall of Fame".[21] In 2011, she also featured in the "50 Most Influential People in Global Finance" List of Bloomberg Markets.[22] Chanda Kochhar was awarded with ASSOCHAM Ladies League Mumbai Women of the Decade Achievers Award on 2 January 2014.[23]
In 2011, Kochhar was awarded the "ABLF Woman of Power Award (India)" at the Asian Business Leadership Forum Awards.[24]
Kochhar was ranked as the most powerful businesswoman in India in Forbes' list of 'The World's 100 Most Powerful Women 2013'.[25] Kochhar was also featured in the Power List 2013 of 25 most powerful women in India by India Today, for the third year in a row.[26]
Kochhar was selected in Time magazine's list of the 100 Most Influential People in the World 2015.[27] In 2015, she was ranked first in the Fortune List of 100 Most Powerful Women in Asia Pacific.[28]
Kochhar ranked 40th on India Today’s ‘High and Mighty Power List 2016’ in 2016.[29] In the same year, she was 22nd in the Forbes Asia’s ‘50 Power Businesswomen List 2016’.[30] She was also listed in Forbes list of ‘The World's Most Powerful Women In Finance 2016’ at number 10.[31]
In 2017, Kochhar was featured in Business World magazine's ‘BW's Most Influential Women’ list as an evergreen woman leader. In May of the same year, she received the Woodrow Wilson Award for Global Corporate Citizenship from the Woodrow Wilson Centre located in Washington, US. She is the first leader to receive an award in this category.[32] In the same year, Kochhar was ranked 5th in Fortune’s list of ‘Most Powerful Women in business outside the U.S.’.[33]
Personal life[edit]
Kochhar resides in Mumbai, and is married to Deepak Kochhar,[34][35] a wind energy entrepreneur and her business schoolmate. They have two children, a daughter Aarti[36] and a son, Arjun.[4][14][37][38]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "India's ICICI names Chanda Kochhar CEO from May 09". Uk.reuters.com (2008-12-19). Retrieved 2012-01-29.
Jump up ^ Chanda Kochhar to head ICICI Bank. Business Standard (2008-12-19). Retrieved 2012-01-29.
Jump up ^ [1]. The Economic Times (2015-04-16). Retrieved 2012-01-29.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Ms. Chanda Kochhar, Joint Managing Director, ICICI Bank Limited. ICICI Bank official site
Jump up ^ ICICI was merged into its daughter project ICICI Bank in 2002.
Jump up ^ "Chanda Kochhar's Success Story".
Jump up ^ "Chanda Kochhar appointed ICICI Bank CEO from May '09".
Jump up ^ "Chanda Kochhar - India Conference at Harvard".
Jump up ^ "Chanda Kochhar Gets Honorary Degree from Canadian University".
Jump up ^ "Azim Premji, Chanda Kochhar win Padma Award".
Jump up ^ "37. Chanda Kochhar". CNN. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "33.Chanda Kochhar". CNN. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "International Power 50". CNN. 29 September 2008. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Naazneen Karmali (19 August 2009). "The 100 Most Powerful Women". Forbes. Retrieved 2009-08-20.
Jump up ^ "World's 100 Most Powerful Women list". Forbes. 9 September 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "World's 100 Most Powerful Women list". Forbes. August 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "The World's 100 Most Powerful Women". Forbes. Forbes. Retrieved 25 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Chanda Kochhar Forbes 100 in 2015
Jump up ^ "The 100 Most Powerful Women". Forbes. 19 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Indra Nooyi, Chanda Kochhar among most powerful biz women: Fortune". The Times of India. 29 September 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "The most powerful women in Indian business". Business Today. 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "The 50 Most Influential People in Global Finance". Bloomberg Markets. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "Director's Profile: Mrs. Chanda Kochhar, MD & CEO". ICICI Bank.
Jump up ^ "ABLF Awards 2011 Winners". Asian Business Leadership Forum Awards. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
Jump up ^ "The World's 100 Most Powerful Women 2013'". Forbes. May 2013.
Jump up ^ "Fortune names ICICI's Chanda Kochhar as most-powerful Indian woman in business". India Today. 16 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "The 100 Most Influential People". Retrieved 16 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "The 100 Most Influential People". Retrieved 28 Sep 2015.
Jump up ^ "High and Mighty rankings". Retrieved 10 Mar 2016.
Jump up ^ "Forbes Honors 50 Power Businesswomen in Asia". Retrieved 7 Apr 2016.
Jump up ^ "The World's Most Powerful Women In Finance 2016". Forbes.
Jump up ^ "Ms. Chanda Kochhar, Managing Director & CEO". ICICI Bank. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Most Powerful Women International". Fortune.
Jump up ^ http://www.nupowerrenewables.in/deepak-kochhar/
Jump up ^ https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=215866604&privcapId=204605828
Jump up ^ "Deeepak Kochhar’s daughter Aarti set to marry beau Aditya". 19 October 2016.
Jump up ^ http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/chanda-kochhars-daughter-aarti-set-to-marry-beau-aditya/articleshow/45143402.cms
Jump up ^ https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=215866604&privcapId=204605828
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chanda Kochhar.
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Heisnam Kanhailal
Anupam Kher
Sania Mirza
Pallonji Mistry
Udit Narayan
Saina Nehwal
Yarlagadda Lakshmi Prasad
Vinod Rai
N. S. Ramanuja Tatacharya
A. V. Rama Rao
D. Nageshwar Reddy
Dayananda Saraswati
Barjinder Singh Hamdard
Ram V. Sutar
Tejomayananda
2017
Vishwa Mohan Bhatt
Deviprasad Dwivedi
Ratnasundarsuri
Niranjanananda Saraswati
Cho Ramaswamy
Maha Chakri Sirindhorn
Tehemton Erach Udwadia
# Posthumous conferral
1954–1959
1960–1969
1970–1979
1980–1989
1990–1999
2000–2009
2010–2019
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chanda_Kochhar&oldid=808535018"
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