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List of national parks of India
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Valley of Flowers National Park is UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2004.
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National parks in India are IUCN category II protected areas. India's first national park was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park, now known as Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand. By 1970, India only had five national parks. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger to safeguard the habitats of conservation reliant species.
Further federal legislation strengthening protections for wildlife was introduced in the 1980s. As of July 2018, there were 104 national parks encompassing an area of 40,501 km2 (15,638 sq mi), comprising 1.23% of India's total surface area.[1]
Contents
1 Definition
2 Map
3 List
4 See also
5 Notes and references
6 External links
Definition[edit]
According to the Indian Ministry of Environment & Forests, a national park is "[a]n area, whether within a sanctuary or not, [that] can be notified by the state government to be constituted as a National Park, by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological association or importance, needed to for the purpose of protecting & propagating or developing wildlife therein or its environment. No human activity is permitted inside the national park except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state under the conditions given in CHAPTER IV, WPA 1972".[1]
Map[edit]
Wikimedia | © OpenStreetMap
National parks in India
List[edit]
List of national parks in India:[1]
Name
State
Established
Area (in km2)
Notability
Anamudi Shola National Park Kerala 2003 7.50
Anshi National Park Karnataka 1987 417.34 The great Indian Hornbill, Tiger, Leopard, Black panther, Bear, Elephant, Deer, etc
Balphakram National Park Meghalaya 1986 220 Wild water buffalo, Red panda, elephant and eight cat species, including the tiger and marbled cat
Bandhavgarh National Park Madhya Pradesh 1968 446 1336 species of endemic plants
Bandipur National Park Karnataka 1974 874.20 Chital, bengal tiger, gray langurs, Indian giant squirrel, gaur, leopard, sambar deer, indian elephants, honey buzzard, red-headed vulture
Bannerghatta National Park Karnataka 1986 104.3
Tiger, sloth bear, peacock, elephant, sambar deer, mouse deer
Betla National Park Jharkhand 1986 1135
Bhitarkanika National Park Odisha 1988 145 Mangroves, saltwater crocodile, white crocodile, Indian python, black ibis, wild pigs, rhesus monkeys, olive ridley sea turtle, chital
Bison (Rajbari) National Park Tripura 2007 31.63
Blackbuck National Park, Velavadar Gujarat 1976 34.08 Hunting cheetahs, Blackbuck Lodge, the endangered Indian grey wolf, the nocturnal striped hyena, Indian fox, golden jackal, jungle cat and many small mammals like hare, gerbil, field mice, mongoose and hedgehog.
Buxa Tiger Reserve West Bengal 1992 760
Campbell Bay National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1992 426.23
Chandoli National Park Maharashtra 2004 317.67
Clouded Leopard National Park Tripura 2003 5.08
Dachigam National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1981 141 Only area where Kashmir stag is found[2]
Desert National Park Rajasthan 1980 3162 Greatest attraction of the park is a bird called the great Indian bustard, an endangered species found only in India
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park Assam 1999 340 Known for feral horse
Dudhwa National Park Uttar Pradesh 1977 490.29 Tiger Panthera tigris, Sambhar Axis axis,Hog Deer Axis porcinus
Eravikulam National Park Kerala 1978 97
Galathea National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1992 110
Gangotri National Park Uttarakhand 1989 2390
Gir Forest National Park Gujarat 1965 1412 Asiatic lion
Gorumara National Park West Bengal 1994 79.45
Govind Pashu Vihar Wildlife Sanctuary Uttarakhand 1990 472.08
Great Himalayan National Park Himachal Pradesh, 1984 754.40 UNESCO World Heritage Site
Gugamal National Park Maharashtra 1987 361.28
Guindy National Park Tamil Nadu 1976 2.82
Gulf of Mannar Marine National Park Tamil Nadu 1980 6.23
Guru Ghasidas (Sanjay) National Park Chhattisgarh 1981 1440.71
Hemis National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1981 4400
Inderkilla National Park Himachal Pradesh 2010 104
Indra Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park Tamil Nadu 1989 117.10
Indravati National Park Chhattisgarh 1981 1258.37 Wild Asian buffalo, tiger reserve, hill mynas
Jaldapara National Park West Bengal 2012 216 Indian rhinoceros
Jim Corbett National Park Uttarakhand 1936 1318.5 First national park in India (established in 1936 as Hailey National Park)
Kalesar National Park Haryana 2003 100.88
Kanha National Park Madhya Pradesh 1955 940
Kanger Ghati National Park Chhattisgarh 1982 200
Kasu Brahmananda Reddy National Park Telangana 1994 1.42
Kaziranga National Park Assam 1974 858.98 Highest known tiger density in the World Indian rhinoceros, UNESCO World Heritage Site
Keibul Lamjao National Park Manipur 1977 40 Only floating park in the world
Keoladeo National Park Rajasthan 1981 28.73 UNESCO World Heritage Site
Khangchendzonga National Park Sikkim 1977 1784 UNESCO World Heritage Site
Khirganga National Park Himachal Pradesh 2010 710
Kishtwar National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1981 400
Kudremukh National Park Karnataka 1987 600.32
Madhav National Park Madhya Pradesh 1959 375.22
Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1983 281.50
Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park Telangana 1994 14.59
Manas National Park Assam 1990 950 UNESCO World Heritage Site
Mandla Plant Fossils National Park Madhya Pradesh 1983 0.27
Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch Gujarat 1980 162.89
Mathikettan Shola National Park Kerala 2003 12.82
Middle Button Island National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1987 44
Mollem National Park Goa 1978 107
Mouling National Park Arunachal Pradesh 1986 483
Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary Rajasthan 1960 288.84
Mount Harriet National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1987 46.62 Important bird area as attributed by BirdLife International, new species frog named Rana CharlesDarwini
Mrugavani National Park Telangana 1994 3.60
Mudumalai National Park Tamil Nadu 1940 321.55
Mukundra Hills National Park Rajasthan 2006 200.54
Mukurthi National Park Tamil Nadu 2001 78.46 Nilgiri tahr
Murlen National Park Mizoram 1991 100
Nagarhole National Park Karnataka 1988 643.39
Namdapha National Park Arunachal Pradesh 1974 1985.24
Nameri National Park Assam 1978 137.07
Nanda Devi National Park Uttarakhand 1982 630.33 UNESCO World Heritage Site, UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve
Navegaon National Park Maharashtra 1975 133.88
Neora Valley National Park West Bengal 1986 88
Nokrek National Park Meghalaya 1986 47.48 UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve
North Button Island National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1979 0.44
Ntangki National Park Nagaland 1993 202.02
Orang National Park Assam 1999 78.81
Pambadum Shola National Park Kerala 2003 1.32
Panna National Park Madhya Pradesh 1981 542.67
Papikonda National Park Andhra Pradesh 2008 1012.85
Pench National Park[3] Madhya Pradesh 1977 758
Periyar National Park Kerala 1982 305
Phawngpui Blue Mountain National Park Mizoram 1992 50
Pin Valley National Park Himachal Pradesh 1987 807.36
Rajaji National Park Uttarakhand 1983 820 Mainly known for Elephants, Tigers, Leopards and several species of birds, reptiles and Mammals.
Rani Jhansi Marine National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1996 256.14
Ranthambore National Park Rajasthan 1981 392
Saddle Peak National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1979 32.54
Salim Ali National Park Jammu and Kashmir 1992 9.07
Sanjay National Park[4] Madhya Pradesh 1981 466.7
Sanjay Gandhi National Park Maharashtra 1969 104 , Asiatic Lion, Indian Leopard, Rhesus Macaque, Bonnet Macaque, Spotted Deer, Hanuman Langur, Indian Flying Fox, Indian Hare, Barking Deer, Porcupine, Palm Civet, Mouse Deer
Sariska Tiger Reserve Rajasthan 1955 866
Satpura National Park Madhya Pradesh 1981 524
Silent Valley National Park Kerala 1980 237 Absence of noisy cicadas, hence the name 'Silent Valley'
Simbalbara National Park Himachal Pradesh 2010 27.88
Sirohi National Park Manipur 1982 41.30
Simlipal National Park Odisha 1980 2750 Tiger, leopard, Asian elephant, sambar, barking deer, gaur, jungle cat, wild boar
Singalila National Park West Bengal 1986 78.60
South Button Island National Park Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1987 0.03 Dugong, dolphin, water monitor lizard, blue whale
Sri Venkateswara National Park Andhra Pradesh 1989 353
Sultanpur National Park Haryana 1989 1.43
Sundarbans National Park West Bengal 1984 1330.12 UNESCO World Heritage Site
Tadoba National Park Maharashtra 1955 625 Tigers
Valley of Flowers National Park Uttarakhand 1982 87.50 UNESCO World Heritage Site
Valmiki National Park Bihar 1976 898.45
Vansda National Park Gujarat 1979 23.99
Van Vihar National Park Madhya Pradesh 1983 4.48
See also[edit]
Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education
Protected areas of India
Notes and references[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "National Parks". wiienvis.nic.in. Retrieved 2018-08-11.
Jump up ^ Kashmir Stag (Hangul)
Jump up ^ The Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh parts of the Pench National Park are administered separately.
Jump up ^ The Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh parts of the Sanjay National Park are administered separately.
Directory of Wildlife Protected Areas in India
ENVIS Centre, WII, Dehradun
List of Proposed National Parks
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National parks of India.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Indian National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
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List of NHL records (individual)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This is a list of individual records recognized by the National Hockey League through the end of the 2017–18 NHL season.
Contents
[hide]
1 Seasons
2 Games
3 Stanley Cup
4 NHL Awards
5 Goals
6 Assists
7 Points
8 Plus/minus
9 Power-play goals
10 Shorthanded goals
11 Overtime
12 Goals/assists/points by position
13 Records by a rookie
14 Points/goals/assists per game average
15 Milestone goal seasons
16 Hat trick or better games
17 Goal/assist/point streaks
18 Fastest goals
19 Shots
20 Hits
21 Blocked Shots
22 Time on Ice
23 Penalty Shots
24 Penalty minutes
25 Goaltending
26 Shootout
27 Age
28 See also
29 References
30 Sources
Seasons[edit]
Most seasons: Gordie Howe (1946–47 to 1970–1971; 1979–1980) and Chris Chelios (1983–84 to 2009–10, except for the 2004–05 NHL lock-out), 26
Most playoff seasons: Chris Chelios, 24 (1983–84 to 2008–09, except for 1997–98 and the 2004–05 NHL lock-out year)
Most consecutive playoff seasons: Larry Robinson, (1972–73 to 1991–92) and Nicklas Lidstrom, (1991–92 to 2011–12, except for the 2004–05 NHL lock-out), 20[1]
Games[edit]
Most games: Gordie Howe, 1,767
Most games, including playoffs: Mark Messier, 1,992
Most playoff games: Chris Chelios, 266
Most games played in a single NHL season, not including playoffs: Jimmy Carson (1992–93) and Bob Kudelski (1993–94), 86
Most consecutive games: Doug Jarvis (October 8, 1975 – October 10, 1987), 964
Most consecutive games by a defenseman: Jay Bouwmeester, 737
Oldest player to play a game: Gordie Howe, 52 years, 11 days
Most games by a coach in the Stanley Cup Final: Dick Irvin (Chicago (5), Toronto (29), Montreal (43)), 77
Most games played in the Finals: Red Kelly (Detroit (37), Toronto (28)), Henri Richard (Montreal), 65
Most games won by a coach in the Stanley Cup Finals: Scotty Bowman (Montreal (20), Pittsburgh (4), Detroit (12)), 36
Most games coached by the first coach of an NHL expansion franchise: Barry Trotz (Nashville Predators), 1196
Stanley Cup[edit]
Most Stanley Cup wins, as a player: Henri Richard Montreal Canadiens, (1956, 57, 58, 59, 60, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 73) 11
Most Stanley Cup wins, as a non-player: Scotty Bowman (Montreal: 1973, 76, 77, 78, 79 (Coach); Pittsburgh: 1991 (Director of Player Development-Recruitment), 1992 (Head Coach); Detroit: 1997, 98, 2002 (Head Coach), 2008 (Consultant); Chicago: 2010, 13, 15 (Sr. Advisor) 14
Most Stanley Cup wins, combined player or non-player: Jean Beliveau, Montreal Canadiens (Player: 1956, 57, 58, 59, 60, 65, 66, 68, 69, 71; Sr. Vice President: 1973, 76, 77, 78, 79, 86, 93), 17
Won the Stanley Cup with the highest number of different teams
Player - Jack Marshall (Winnipeg Victorias 1901, Montreal AAA 1902, 1903, Montreal Wanderers 1907, 1910, Toronto Blueshirts 1914) and Hap Holmes (Toronto Blueshirts 1914, Seattle Metropolitans 1917, Toronto Arenas 1918, Victoria Cougars 1925), 4
Player/Non-Player - Al Arbour (Player: Detroit 1954, Chicago 1961, Toronto 1962, 1964; Coach: New York Islanders 1980, 81, 82, 83), 4
Non-Player - Tommy Gorman (Ottawa Senators: 1920, 1921, 1923 (Manager); Chicago: 1934 (Manager/Coach); Montreal Maroons: 1935 (Manager/Coach); Montreal Canadiens: 1944, 1946 (Manager) and Scotty Bowman (Montreal: 1973, 76, 77, 78, 79 (Coach); Pittsburgh: 1991 (Director of Player Development-Recruitment), 1992 (Head Coach); Detroit: 1997, 98, 2002 (Head Coach), 2008 (Consultant); Chicago: 2010, 13, 15 (Sr. Advisor) 4
NHL Awards[edit]
Most Hart Memorial Trophies: Wayne Gretzky, 9[2]
Most consecutive Hart Memorial Trophies: Wayne Gretzky, 8
Most Ted Lindsay Awards: Wayne Gretzky, 5[3]
Most consecutive Ted Lindsay Awards: Wayne Gretzky, 4
Most Conn Smythe Trophies: Patrick Roy 3[4]
Most consecutive Conn Smythe Trophies: Bernie Parent, Mario Lemieux, and Sidney Crosby: 2
Most James Norris Trophies: Bobby Orr, 8[5]
Most consecutive James Norris Trophies: Bobby Orr, 8
Most Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophies: Alexander Ovechkin, 6[6]
Most consecutive Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophies: Alexander Ovechkin, 4
Most Art Ross Trophies: Wayne Gretzky, 10[7]
Most consecutive Art Ross Trophies: Wayne Gretzky, 7
Most Frank J. Selke Trophies: Bob Gainey and Patrice Bergeron, 4[8]
Most consecutive Frank J. Selke Trophies: Bob Gainey 4
Most Lady Byng Trophies: Frank Boucher, 7[9]
Most consecutive Lady Byng Trophies: Frank Boucher and Pavel Datsyuk, 4
Most William M Jennings Trophies: Patrick Roy, Martin Brodeur, 5[10]
Most consecutive William M Jennings Trophies: Patrick Roy and Brian Hayward, 3
Most Vezina Trophies: Jacques Plante, 7[11]
Most consecutive Vezina Trophies: Jacques Plante, 5
Most Jack Adams Awards: Pat Burns, 3[12]
Most consecutive Jack Adams Awards: Jacques Demers, 2
Goals[edit]
Most goals career: Wayne Gretzky, 894
Most goals playoffs career; Wayne Gretzky, 122
Most goals career, including playoffs: Wayne Gretzky, 1,016
Most goals, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1981–82), 92
Most goals scored by a single player in an expansion team's inaugural season: William Karlsson (2017-18), 43
Most goals, in playoffs one season: Reggie Leach (1976) and Jari Kurri (1985), 19
Most goals, one season, including playoffs: Wayne Gretzky (1983–84), 100
Most goals, one playoff series: Jari Kurri (six-game series) (1985), 12
Most goals in a Stanley Cup Final: Cyclone Taylor (1918, five games), Frank Foyston (1919, five games), Babe Dye (1922, five games), 9
Most goals in the Finals, career: Maurice Richard, 34
Most goals, 50 games from start of season: Wayne Gretzky (1981–82 and 1983–84), 61
Fastest 50 goals from start of season: Wayne Gretzky (December 30, 1981), 39 games
Most goals, one regular season game: Joe Malone (January 31, 1920), 7
Most goals, one regular season home game: Joe Malone (January 31, 1920), 7
Most goals, one regular season road game: Red Berenson (November 7, 1968), 6
Most goals, one playoff game: Newsy Lalonde (March 1, 1919), Maurice Richard (March 23, 1944), Darryl Sittler (April 22, 1976), Reggie Leach (May 6, 1976), and Mario Lemieux (April 25, 1989), 5
Most goals, one home playoff game: Maurice Richard (March 23, 1944), Darryl Sittler (April 22, 1976), Reggie Leach (May 6, 1976), and Mario Lemieux (April 25, 1989), 5
Most goals, one road playoff game: Newsy Lalonde (March 1, 1919), 5
Most goals, one period: Max Bentley (January 28, 1943), Busher Jackson (November 20, 1934), Clint Smith (March 4, 1945), Red Berenson (November 7, 1968), Wayne Gretzky (February 18, 1981), Grant Mulvey (February 3, 1982), Bryan Trottier (February 13, 1982), Tim Kerr (April 13, 1985), Al Secord (January 7, 1987), Joe Nieuwendyk (January 11, 1989), Peter Bondra (February 5, 1994), Mario Lemieux (January 26, 1997), and Patrick Marleau (January 23, 2017), 4
Most goals in one period during the Finals: Busher Jackson (April 5, 1932), Ted Lindsay (April 5, 1955), Maurice Richard (April 6, 1957), Wayne Gretzky (May 25, 1985), Dirk Graham (June 1, 1992), and Peter Forsberg (June 6, 1996), 3
Most game-winning goals in a season: Phil Esposito (1970–71 and 1971–72) and Michel Goulet (1983–84), 16
Most game-winning goals in playoffs one season: Brad Richards (2004), 7
Most game-winning goals in a playoff series: Mike Bossy (six-game series) (1983), 4
Most game-winning goals career: Jaromir Jagr, 135
Most game-winning goals playoffs career: Wayne Gretzky and Brett Hull, 24
Assists[edit]
Most assists regular season career: Wayne Gretzky, 1,963
Most assists playoffs career: Wayne Gretzky 260
Most assists career, including playoffs: Wayne Gretzky, 2,223
Most assists, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1985–86), 163
Most assists, one playoff season: Wayne Gretzky (1987–88), 31
Most assists, one season, including playoffs: Wayne Gretzky (1985–86), 174
Most assists, playoff series: Rick Middleton (seven-game series) (1983), Wayne Gretzky (six-game series) (1985), 14
Most assists, one game: Billy Taylor (March 16, 1947) and Wayne Gretzky (February 15, 1980, December 11, 1985, and February 14, 1986), 7
Most assists, one home game: Wayne Gretzky (February 15, 1980, and February 14, 1986), 7
Most assists, one road game: Billy Taylor (March 16, 1947) and Wayne Gretzky (December 11, 1985), 7
Most assists, one playoff game: Mikko Leinonen (April 8, 1982), and Wayne Gretzky (April 9, 1987), 6
Most assists, one playoff home game: Mikko Leinonen (April 8, 1982), and Wayne Gretzky (April 9, 1987), 6
Most assists, one period: Dale Hawerchuk (March 6, 1984), 5
Points[edit]
Most points regular season career: Wayne Gretzky, 2,857
Most points playoff career: Wayne Gretzky, 382
Most points career, including playoffs: Wayne Gretzky, 3,239
Most points, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1985–86), 215
Fastest 100 points from the start of a season: Wayne Gretzky (December 27, 1981), 34 games
Most points, one season, including playoffs: Wayne Gretzky (1984–85), 255
Most points, one game: Darryl Sittler (February 7, 1976), 10
Most points, one home game: Darryl Sittler (February 7, 1976), 10
Most points, one road game: Peter Stastny and Anton Stastny, (February 22, 1981), 8
Most points, one playoff game: Patrik Sundstrom (April 22, 1988) and Mario Lemieux (April 25, 1989), 8
Most points, one playoff home game: Patrik Sundstrom (April 22, 1988) and Mario Lemieux (April 25, 1989), 8
Most points, one period: Bryan Trottier (December 23, 1978), 6
Most points, one playoff season: Wayne Gretzky (1985), 47
Most points, one playoff series: Rick Middleton (seven-game series) (1983), 19
Most points, team's first postseason: Jonathan Marchessault (2018), 21
Most points in the Final, one series: Wayne Gretzky (1988), 13
Most points in the Final, career: Jean Beliveau, 62
Plus/minus[edit]
Best ± rating, regular season career: Larry Robinson, +722
Best ± rating one season: Bobby Orr (1970–71), +124
Best ± rating one game: Tom Bladon (December 11, 1977, 11-1 game against the Cleveland Barons), +10
Worst ± rating, season: Bill Mikkelson (1974–75), -82
Worst ± rating, game: Doug Wilson (February 10, 1993 against the Calgary Flames) and Chris Butler, (January 5, 2012 against the Boston Bruins), -7
Worst ± rating, regular season career: Bob Stewart, -257
Best ± ratings playoffs career: Charlie Huddy, +94
Best ± ratings one playoff season: Wayne Gretzky (1984–85), +28
Power-play goals[edit]
Most power-play goals, career: Dave Andreychuk, 274
Most power-play goals, one season: Tim Kerr (1985–86), 34
Most power-play goals, one season for a defenseman: Sheldon Souray (2006–07), 19
Most power-play goals, career playoffs: Brett Hull 38,
Most power-play goals, one playoff season: Mike Bossy, (1981), and Cam Neely, (1991), 9
Most power-play goals, one playoff series: Chris Kontos (seven-game series), (1989), 6
Most power-play goals, one playoff game: Syd Howe (March 23, 1939), Sid Smith (April 10, 1949), Phil Esposito (April 2, 1969), Johnny Bucyk (April 2, 1969), Denis Potvin (April 17, 1981), Tim Kerr (April 13, 1985), Jari Kurri (April 3, 1987), Mark Johnson (April 22, 1988), Dino Ciccarelli (April 29, 1993, May 11, 1995) and Valeri Kamensky (April 24, 1997), Jonathan Toews (May 7, 2010), 3
Most power-play goals, one playoff game period: Tim Kerr (April 13, 1985), 3
Most power-play goals, rookie Joe Nieuwendyk (1987-88) 31
Shorthanded goals[edit]
Most shorthanded goals, career: Wayne Gretzky, 73
Most shorthanded goals, career playoffs: Mark Messier, 14
Most shorthanded goals, one season: Mario Lemieux (1988–89), 13
Most shorthanded goals, one playoff season: Derek Sanderson (1969), Bill Barber (1980), Lorne Henning (1980), Wayne Gretzky (1983), Wayne Presley (1989), and Todd Marchant (1997), 3
Most shorthanded goals, one playoff series: Bill Barber (five-game series) (1980) and Wayne Presley (six-game series) (1989), 3
Most shorthanded goals, one game: Theoren Fleury (March 9, 1991), 3
Most shorthanded goals, rookie: Jordan Staal (2006–07), 7
Most two-man shorthanded goals, career: Mike Richards, 3
Overtime[edit]
Most overtime goals, career: Alexander Ovechkin, 22
Most playoff overtime goals, career: Joe Sakic, 8
Most overtime assists, career: Mark Messier, 18
Most overtime points, career: Sergei Fedorov, 27
Most overtime goals, season: Steven Stamkos (2011–12), Jonathan Toews (2015–16), Alex Galchenyuk (2016–17), and Brad Marchand (2017–18),5
Most overtime goals by a rookie, season: Shayne Gostisbehere, 4
Most overtime goals, playoffs season: Mel Hill and Maurice Richard 3
Most overtime goals, one playoff series: Mel Hill, 3
Most consecutive overtime goals: Andrew Cogliano (2007–08) and Nathan Horton (2010–11), 3
Goals/assists/points by position[edit]
Most goals by a centre, career: Wayne Gretzky, 894
Most goals by a centre, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1981–82), 92
Most assists by a centre, career: Wayne Gretzky, 1,963
Most assists by a centre, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1985–86), 163
Most points by a centre, career: Wayne Gretzky, 2,857
Most points by a centre, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1985–86), 215

Most goals by a left wing, career: Luc Robitaille, 668
Most goals by a left wing, one season: Alexander Ovechkin (2007–08), 65
Most assists by a left wing, career: John Bucyk, 813
Most assists by a left wing, one season: Joe Juneau (1992–93), 70
Most points by a left wing, career: Luc Robitaille, 1,394
Most points by a left wing, one season: Luc Robitaille (1992–93), 125

Most goals by a right wing, career: Gordie Howe, 801
Most goals by a right wing, one season: Brett Hull (1990–91), 86
Most assists by a right wing, career: Jaromir Jagr, 1,155
Most assists by a right wing, one season: Jaromir Jagr (1995–96), 87
Most points by a right wing, career: Jaromir Jagr, 1,921
Most points by a right wing, one season: Jaromir Jagr (1995–96), 149

Most goals by a defenseman, career: Ray Bourque, 410
Most goals by a defenseman, one season: Paul Coffey (1985–86), 48
Most goals by a defenseman, one game: Ian Turnbull (February 2, 1977), 5
Most assists by a defenseman, career: Ray Bourque, 1,169
Most assists by a defenseman, one season: Bobby Orr (1970–71), 102
Most assists by a defenseman, one game: Babe Pratt (January 8, 1944), Pat Stapleton (March 30, 1969), Bobby Orr (January 1, 1973), Ron Stackhouse (March 8, 1975), Paul Coffey (March 14, 1986), and Gary Suter, (April 4, 1986), 6
Most points by a defenseman, career: Ray Bourque, 1579
Most points by a defenseman, one season: Bobby Orr (1970–71), 139
Most points by a defenseman, one game: Tom Bladon (December 11, 1977) and Paul Coffey (March 14, 1986), 8
Most points by a defenseman, one playoff year: Paul Coffey (1985), 37

Most goals by a goaltender regular season career: Martin Brodeur (February 15, 2000 & March 21, 2013), 2
Most goals by a goaltender in the playoffs: Ron Hextall (April 11, 1989) and Martin Brodeur (April 17, 1997), 1
Most goals by a goaltender career, including playoffs: Martin Brodeur, 3
Most assists by a goaltender, one season: Grant Fuhr, 14
Most assists by a goaltender, regular season career: Tom Barrasso, 48
Most assists by a goaltender playoffs one season Martin Brodeur (2011–12), 4
Most assists by a goaltender, playoffs career: Grant Fuhr, 14
Most assists by a goaltender, career, including playoffs: Grant Fuhr (46 regular season, 14 playoffs), 60
Most assists by a goaltender, one game Jeff Reese (February 10, 1993), 3
Most points by a goaltender, one season: Grant Fuhr (1983–84), 14
Most points by a goaltender regular season career: Tom Barrasso, 48 - all assists
Most points by a goaltender regular season one season: Grant Fuhr (1983–84), 14 - all assists
Most points by a goaltender career, including playoffs Grant Fuhr (46 regular season, 14 playoffs), 60
Most points by a goaltender regular season one game: Jeff Reese (February 10, 1993), 3 - all assists
Most points by a goaltender playoffs one season Martin Brodeur (2011–12), 4 - all assists
Most points by a goaltender, one period: Jeff Reese (February 10, 1993), 3 - all assists
Records by a rookie[edit]
Most goals by a rookie, one season: Teemu Selanne (1992–93), 76
Most goals by a player in his first NHL season, one game: Joe Malone (December 19, 1917, January 12, 1918 and February 2, 1918), Howie Meeker (January 8, 1947) and Don Murdoch (October 12, 1976), 5
Most goals by a player in his first NHL game: Joe Malone (December 19, 1917), 5
Most goals by a rookie in his first NHL game: Auston Matthews (October 12, 2016), 4
Most assists by a rookie, one season: Peter Stastny (1980–81) and Joe Juneau (1992–93), 70
Most assists by a player in his first NHL season, one game: Wayne Gretzky (February 15, 1980), 7
Most assists by a player in his first NHL game: Dutch Reibel (October 8, 1953), 4
Most points by a rookie, one season: Teemu Selanne (1992–93), 132
Most goals by a rookie, one playoff season: Dino Ciccarelli (1981), 14
Most assists by a rookie, one playoff season: Ville Leino (2010), 14
Most points by a rookie, one playoff season: Dino Ciccarelli (1981), Ville Leino (2010), and Jake Guentzel (2017), 21
Most points by a player in his first NHL season, one game: Peter Stastny and Anton Stastny (February 22, 1981), 8
Most points by a player in his first NHL game: Al Hill (February 14, 1977), 5
Most goals by a rookie defenseman, one season: Brian Leetch (1988–89), 23
Most assists by a rookie defenseman, one season: Larry Murphy (1980–81), 60
Most points by a rookie defenseman, one season: Larry Murphy (1980–81), 76
Longest goal scoring streak in his first NHL Season: Joe Malone (1917–18), 14 games
Longest point streak by a rookie, one season: Paul Stastny (February 3, 2007 – March 17, 2007), 20 games
Longest point streak by an eighteen-year-old: Nathan MacKinnon (January 10, 2014 – March 6, 2014), 13 games
Longest point streak by a rookie defenseman: Shayne Gostisbehere (January 19, 2016 – February 20, 2016), 15 games
Points/goals/assists per game average[edit]
Highest goals-per-game average, career (among players with 200-or-more goals): Mike Bossy, .762
Highest goals-per-game average including playoffs, career (among players with 200-or-more goals): Mario Lemieux, .749
Highest goals-per-game average, one season (among players with 20-or-more goals): Joe Malone (1917–18), 2.20
Highest goals-per-game average, one season (among players with 50-or-more goals): Wayne Gretzky (1983–84), 1.18
Highest assists-per-game average, career (among players with 300-or-more assists): Wayne Gretzky, 1.320
Highest assists-per-game average, one season (among players with 35-or-more assists): Wayne Gretzky (1985–86), 2.04
Highest points-per-game average, career (among players with 500-or-more points): Wayne Gretzky, 1.921
Highest points-per-game average, one season (among players with 50-or-more-points): Wayne Gretzky (1983–84), 2.77
Milestone goal seasons[edit]
Most 20-or-more goal seasons: Gordie Howe, 22
Most consecutive 20-or-more goal seasons: Gordie Howe (1949–1971), 22
Most 30-or-more goal seasons: Mike Gartner, 17
Most consecutive 30-or-more goal seasons: Mike Gartner (1979–1994) and Jaromir Jagr (1991–2007), 15
Most 40-or-more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky, 12
Most consecutive 40-or-more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky (1979–1991), 12
Most 50-or-more goal seasons: Mike Bossy and Wayne Gretzky, 9
Most consecutive 50-or-more goal seasons: Mike Bossy (1977–1986), 9
Most 60-or-more goal seasons: Mike Bossy and Wayne Gretzky, 5
Most consecutive 60-or-more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky (1981-1984), 4
Most 70-or-more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky, 4
Most consecutive 70-or more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky (1981–1984), 4
Most 80-or-more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky, 2
Most 90-or-more goal seasons: Wayne Gretzky, 1
Hat trick or better games[edit]
Most three-or-more goal games, career: Wayne Gretzky, 50
Most three-or-more goal games, playoffs career: Wayne Gretzky, 10
Most three-or-more goal games, one season: Wayne Gretzky (1981–82 and 1983–84), 10
Most three-or-more goal games, one playoffs season: Jari Kurri (1985), 4
Most three-or-more goal games, one playoff series: Jari Kurri (1985), 3
Most four-or-more goal games, one season: Joe Malone (1917–18), 5
Most five-or-more goal games, one season: Joe Malone (1917–18), 3
Goal/assist/point streaks[edit]
Longest consecutive goal-scoring streak from start of NHL career: Joe Malone (1917–18), 14 games
Longest consecutive goal-scoring streak: Punch Broadbent, 16 games (1921–22)
Longest consecutive goal-scoring streak, one playoff season: Reggie Leach 10 games (1976)
Longest consecutive goal-scoring streak by a defenseman: Mike Green (2008–09), 8 games
Longest consecutive assist-scoring streak: Wayne Gretzky (1990–91), 23 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak: Wayne Gretzky (1983–84), 51 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak, one playoff season: Bryan Trottier (1981), 18 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak from start of season: Wayne Gretzky (1983–84), 51 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak by a defenseman from start of season: John-Michael Liles (2010–11), 9 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak by a defenseman: Paul Coffey (1985–86), 28 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak by a rookie forward: Paul Stastny (2006–07), 20 games
Longest consecutive point-scoring streak by a rookie defenseman: Shayne Gostisbehere (2015–16), 15 games
Fastest goals[edit]
Fastest goal from start of game: Doug Smail (December 20, 1981), Bryan Trottier (March 22, 1984), and Alexander Mogilny (December 21, 1991), 5 seconds
Fastest goal from start of game, playoffs: Don Kozak (April 17, 1977), 6 seconds
Fastest goal from start of period: Claude Provost (November 9, 1957), Denis Savard (January 12, 1986), and James van Riemsdyk (March 28, 2014), 4 seconds
Fastest goal from start of period, playoffs: Pelle Eklund (April 25, 1989), 6 seconds
Fastest goal by a player in his first NHL game: Dave Christian (March 2, 1980), 7 seconds
Fastest two goals from start of game: Mike Knuble, 27 seconds (February 14, 2003)
Fastest two goals from start of game, playoffs: Dick Duff (April 9, 1963), 68 seconds
Fastest two goals: Nels Stewart (January 3, 1931) and Deron Quint (December 15, 1995), 4 seconds
Fastest two goals, playoffs: Norm Ullman (April 11, 1965), 5 seconds
Fastest three goals: Bill Mosienko (March 23, 1952), 21 seconds
Fastest three assists: Gus Bodnar (March 23, 1952), 21 seconds
Fastest regular season overtime goal: Mats Sundin, Alexander Ovechkin, William Nylander, David Legwand, and Andreas Athanasiou, 6 seconds
Fastest playoff overtime goal: Brian Skrudland (May 18, 1986), 9 seconds
Fastest goal after being scored on: Doug Gilmour (December 19, 1987), and Mikael Granlund (January 5, 2016), 2 seconds
Shots[edit]
Most shots on goal, career: Ray Bourque, 6,206
Most shots on goal, playoffs career: Ray Bourque, 812
Most shots on goal, one season: Phil Esposito (1970–71), 550
Most shots on goal, one playoff season: Henrik Zetterberg, 116
Most shots on goal, one game: Ray Bourque (March 21, 1991), 19
Most shots on goal, one playoff game: Daniel Briere (April 22, 2006), 14
Hits[edit]
Most hits, one season: Matt Martin (2014–15), 382
Most hits, one playoff season: Dustin Brown (2014), 125
Most hits, regular season career: Dustin Brown, 3166
Most hits, playoff career: Brooks Orpik, 499
Most hits, one game: Brenden Morrow, 19
Most hits, one regular season game: Gary Roberts (March 10, 1999) and Zdeno Chara (November 3, 1999) 17
Most hits, one playoff game: Brenden Morrow (May 4, 2008), 19
Blocked Shots[edit]
Most blocked shots, one season: Kris Russell (2014–15), 283
Most blocked shots, one playoff season: Anton Volchenkov (2007), 80
Most blocked shots, career: Dan Girardi, 1846
Most blocked shots, playoffs career: Chris Pronger, 374
Most blocked shots, one game: Kris Russell (March 5, 2015), 15
Most blocked shots, one playoff game: Richard Matvichuk (May 1, 2001), 13
Time on Ice[edit]
Most time on ice per game by a defenseman, one season: Chris Pronger, 30:36
Most time on ice per game by a forward, one season: Pavel Bure, 26:52
Most time on ice per game by a defenseman, playoff season: Chris Pronger, 35:52
Most time on ice per game by a forward, playoff season: Boyd Devereaux, 32:46
Most time on ice by a defenseman, one regular season game: Dennis Wideman (January 18, 2014), 38:05
Most time on ice by a forward, one regular season game: Vyacheslav Kozlov (October 10, 2003), 30:00
Most time on ice by a defenseman, one playoff game: Sergei Zubov (April 24, 2003), 63:51
Most time on ice by a forward, one playoff game: Jaromir Jagr (May 4, 2000), 59:08
Penalty Shots[edit]
Most penalty shot goals, career: Pavel Bure, 7
Most penalty shot goals, playoffs career: Michael Frolik, 2
Most penalty shot goals, one season: Pavel Bure, 3
Most penalty shot attempts, career: Vincent Lecavalier, 13
Most penalty shot attempts, playoffs career: Mats Sundin and Michael Frolik, 2
Most penalty shot attempts, one season: Erik Cole, 5
Most penalty shot attempts, one game: Erik Cole (November 9, 2005), Max Pacioretty (February 6, 2009), and Auston Matthews (November 3, 2017), 2
Most penalty shots faced by a goaltender, career: Marc-Andre Fleury, 21
Most penalty shots faced by a goaltender, playoffs career: Dominik Hasek, 5
Most penalty shots faced by a goaltender, one game: Ben Bishop (October 8, 2015), Miikka Kiprusoff (March 4, 2011), Roberto Luongo (February 6, 2014), and Jonathan Quick (November 3, 2017), 2
Most penalty shots stopped by a goaltender, career: Marc-Andre Fleury, 15
Most penalty shots stopped by a goaltender, playoffs career: Dominik Hasek, 4
Most penalty shots allowed by a goaltender, career: Tomas Vokoun, 8
Penalty minutes[edit]
Most penalty minutes, career: Tiger Williams, 3,966
Most penalty minutes, playoffs career: Dale Hunter, 729
Most penalty minutes, career, including playoffs: Tiger Williams, 4,421
Most penalty minutes, one season: Dave Schultz (1974–75), 472
Most penalties, one game: Chris Nilan (March 31, 1991), 10
Most penalties, one playoff game: Forbes Kennedy (April 2, 1969) and Kim Clackson (April 20, 1980), 8
Most penalty minutes, one game: Randy Holt (March 11, 1979), 67
Most penalty minutes, one playoff game: Dave Schultz (April 22, 1976) and Deryk Engelland (April 17, 2015), 42
Most penalty minutes, career, in the Stanley Cup Final: Gordie Howe, 94
Goaltending[edit]
Most wins by a goaltender regular season career: Martin Brodeur, 691
Most wins by a goaltender playoffs career: Patrick Roy, 151
Most wins by a goaltender career, including playoffs: Martin Brodeur 804
Best Winning Percentage (minimum 250 played): Ken Dryden .740 in 397 games played
Best Winning Percentage (minimum 500 games played): Jacques Plante .610 in 837 games played
Most wins by a goaltender, one season: Martin Brodeur (2006–07) and Braden Holtby (2015–16), 48
Most wins by a goaltender, career, in the Finals: Jacques Plante, 25
Most wins by a goaltender, expansion team season: Marc-Andre Fleury (2017–18 Vegas Golden Knights), 28
Most ties, career: Terry Sawchuk, 172
Most losses by a goaltender regular season career: Martin Brodeur, 397
Most losses by a goaltender playoffs career: Patrick Roy, 94
Most losses by a goaltender, one season: Gary Smith (1970–71), 48
Most losses by a goaltender, one playoff season: Ron Hextall (1987), Miikka Kiprusoff (2004), Henrik Lundqvist (2014), Ben Bishop (2015), 11
Most shutouts regular season career: Martin Brodeur 125
Most shutouts playoffs career: Martin Brodeur 24
Most shutouts by a goaltender, including playoffs, expansion team season: Marc-Andre Fleury (2017–18 Vegas Golden Knights), 9
Most shutouts, including playoffs career: Martin Brodeur 149
Most shutouts, one regular season: George Hainsworth (1928–29), 22
Most shutouts, one playoff season: Martin Brodeur (2002–03), 7
Most games appeared in by a goaltender, career regular season: Martin Brodeur, 1,265
Most games appeared in by a goaltender, career playoffs: Patrick Roy, 247
Most games appeared in by a goaltender career, including playoffs Martin Brodeur, 1,470
Most games appeared in by a goaltender career, in the Finals: Jacques Plante (Montreal-38), St. Louis-3), 41
Most consecutive complete games by a goaltender: Glenn Hall, 502 (1955–1962)
Most games appeared in by a goaltender, one regular season: Grant Fuhr, 79 (1995–96)
Most games appeared in by a goaltender, one playoff season Ron Hextall (1986–87) and Jonathan Quick (2013–14), 26
Most minutes played by a goaltender, career: Martin Brodeur, 74,380
Most minutes played by a goaltender, one season: Martin Brodeur (2006–07), 4,697
Least time played by a goaltender, career Jorge Alves Dec 31, 2016, 7.6 sec
Longest continuous shutout by a goaltender: Alec Connell (7 games, 2 periods) (1927–28), 461 minutes, 29 seconds
Longest continuous shutout by a goaltender at start of NHL career: Matt Hackett (December 6 & 8, 2011), 102 minutes, 48 seconds
Longest winning streak by a goaltender, one season: Gilles Gilbert (1975–76), 17 games
Longest winning streak to start a season: Carey Price (2016–17), 10 games
Longest undefeated streak by a goaltender, one season: Gerry Cheevers (24 wins, 8 ties 1971–72), 32 games
Longest undefeated streak by a goaltender in his first NHL season: Grant Fuhr (15 wins, 8 ties 1981–82), 23 games
Longest undefeated streak by a goaltender from start of career: Patrick Lalime (14 wins, 2 ties 1996–97), 16 games
Most 20-or-more win seasons by a goaltender Martin Brodeur, 16
Most consecutive 20-or-more win seasons by a goaltender: Martin Brodeur (1995–2008) and Henrik Lundqvist (2005–2017), 12
Most 30-or-more win seasons by a goaltender: Martin Brodeur 14
Most consecutive 30-or-more win seasons by a goaltender: Martin Brodeur (1995–2008), 12
Most consecutive 30-or-more win seasons to start a career: Henrik Lundqvist (2005–2012), 7
Most 40-or-more win seasons by a goaltender: Martin Brodeur 8
Most consecutive 40-or-more win seasons by a goaltender: Martin Brodeur (2005–2008) and Evgeni Nabokov (2007–10), 3
Most consecutive wins by a goaltender in his rookie season: Bill Durnan (1943–44), 10
Most consecutive wins by a goaltender in his first NHL season: George Hainsworth (1926–27), 11
Most losses by a goaltender regular season career: Martin Brodeur, 397
Most losses by a goaltender, one season: Gary Smith (1970–71), 48
Most home games played by a goaltender, one season: Roberto Luongo (2006–07), 41
Most shots faced by a goaltender, in a regular season game: Sam LoPresti (March 4, 1941), 83
Most shots faced by a goaltender, in a season: Roberto Luongo (2005–06), 2,488
Most shots faced by a goaltender, in a playoff game: Normie Smith (March 24, 1936), 92
Most saves by a goaltender career: Martin Brodeur, 28,928
Most saves by a goaltender playoffs career: Patrick Roy, 6,561
Most saves by a goaltender, including playoffs career: Martin Brodeur, 33,758
Most saves by a goaltender, in a regular season game: Sam LoPresti (March 4, 1941), 80
Most saves by a goaltender, in a playoff game: Normie Smith (March 24, 1936), 92
Most saves by a goaltender, in a playoffs overtime game shutout: Normie Smith (March 24, 1936), 92
Most saves by a goaltender, in a regular season shutout: Ben Scrivens (January 29, 2014), 59
Most saves by a goaltender, in a season: Roberto Luongo (2003–04), 2,303
Most saves by a goaltender, in a playoff run: Tim Thomas (2011), 798
Most saves by a goaltender, in a Stanley Cup finals series: Tim Thomas (2011), 238
Highest save percentage, in a regular season: Craig Anderson (2013), .941
Highest save percentage, playoffs (minimum 10 games): Jonathan Quick (2012), .946
Lowest goals-against average in a season (minimum 20 games): George Hainsworth, 0.92
Lowest goals-against average playoffs (minimum 10 games): Frank Brimsek, 1.25
Highest goals-against average in a season (minimum 20 games): Frank Brophy, 7.11
Highest goals-against average playoffs (minimum 10 games): Murray Bannerman, 4.77
Most overtime wins: Roberto Luongo, 49
Most penalty minutes by a goaltender regular season career: Ron Hextall, 584
Most penalty minutes by a goaltender playoffs career: Ron Hextall, 115
Most penalty minutes by a goaltender career, including playoffs: Ron Hextall (584 regular season, 115 playoffs), 699
Most penalty minutes by a goaltender one season Ron Hextall (1988–89), 113
Most penalty minutes by a goaltender one playoff season Ron Hextall (1986–87), 43
Youngest goaltender to win 50 regular-season games: Patrick Roy 22 yrs
Youngest goaltender to win 100 regular-season games: Patrick Roy 23 yrs
Youngest goaltender to win 200 regular-season games: Martin Brodeur 26 yrs., 1 mos
Youngest goaltender to win 300 regular-season games: Martin Brodeur 29 yrs., 7 mos.
Youngest goaltender to win 400 regular-season games: Martin Brodeur 31 yrs., 10 mos.
Youngest goaltender to win 500 regular-season games: Martin Brodeur 35 yrs., 6 mos.
Youngest goaltender to win 600 regular-season games: Martin Brodeur 37 yrs., 11 mos.
Quickest goaltender to win 400 regular-season games: Henrik Lundqvist 727
Most Stanley Cup finals series played by a goaltender: Jacques Plante (Montreal: 8 (1953, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60); St. Louis: 2 (1969, 70)), 10
Most Stanley Cup consecutive finals series played by a goaltender: Jacques Plante (Montreal (1953, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60), 8
Least saves required in a win: Ryan Miller (Anaheim Jan. 25, 2018) 11:40 min; Antti Niemi (Dallas, Dec. 12 ,2015) 6:43 min; Richard Bachman (Dallas Mar. 29, 2013) 2:32 min; Craig Billington (Colorado Dec. 21, 1998) 1:52 min, (Colorado Dec. 31, 1996) 0:12 sec; Steve Weeks (NY Rangers Mar. 24, 1982) 0:17 sec 0
Shootout[edit]
Most shootout goals in one season: Ilya Kovalchuk (2011–12), 11
Most game-deciding shootout goals in one season: Ilya Kovalchuk (2011–12), 7
Most shootout goals career: Frans Nielsen, 48
Most game-deciding shootout goals career: Frans Nielsen, 22
Highest shootout percentage (Minimum 15 attempts): Brayden Point, 66.7% (10/15)
Most shootout attempts in a season: Radim Vrbata, 18
Most shootout attempts career: Radim Vrbata, 105
Most shootout games played by a goaltender in a season: Martin Brodeur (2006–07), 16
Most shootout games played by a goaltender career: Roberto Luongo, 107
Most shootout wins by a goaltender in a season: Ryan Miller and Martin Brodeur (2006–07), Mathieu Garon (2007–08), and Jonathan Quick (2010–11), 10
Most shootout wins by a goaltender career: Ryan Miller, 59
Most shootout losses by a goaltender in a season: Tomas Vokoun (2009–10) and Tuukka Rask (2014–15), 9
Most shootout losses by a goaltender career: Roberto Luongo, 55
Most goals allowed in a shootout by a goaltender career: Roberto Luongo, 126
Most saves in a shootout by a goaltender career: Henrik Lundqvist, 278
Age[edit]
Oldest Forward: Gordie Howe, April 11, 1980, 52 years, 11 days
Oldest Defensemen: Chris Chelios, April 6, 2010, 48 years, 71 days
Oldest Goaltender: Maurice Roberts, November 25, 1951, 45 years, 345 days
Oldest Player to play his first NHL game: Connie Madigan, February 6, 1973, 38 years, 94 days
Oldest Goalie to play his first NHL game: Jorge Alves, December 31, 2016, 37 years, 30 days
Youngest Player to play his first NHL game: Bep Guidolin, November 12, 1942, 16 years, 337 days
Youngest Goalie to play his first NHL game: Harry Lumley, December 23, 1943, 17 years, 42 days
Oldest Goalie to play in Stanley Cup Finals: Lester Patrick, April 7, 1928, 44 years, 90 days
Oldest Defensemen to play in the Stanley Cup Finals: Doug Harvey, May 11, 1968, 43 years, 137 days
Oldest Forward to play in Stanley Cup Finals: Mark Recchi, June 15, 2011, 43 years, 134 days
Youngest Player to play in the Stanley Cup Finals: Gaye Stewart, 18 years, 288 days
Youngest Player to win the Stanley Cup: Larry Hillman, April 14, 1955 18 years, 68 days
Oldest Player to win the Stanley Cup: Chris Chelios, June 4, 2008, 46 years, 130 days
Oldest Goalie to win the Stanley Cup: Lester Patrick April 14, 1928, 44 years, 97 days
See also[edit]
List of NHL records (team)
List of NHL statistical leaders
List of NHL statistical leaders by country
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Individual All Time Career Records (1918 - 2011)". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Hart Memorial Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Ted Lindsay Award". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Conn Smythe Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "James Norris Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Maurice Richard Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Art Ross Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Frank J. Selke Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Lady Byng Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "William M. Jennings Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Vezina Trophy". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Jack Adams Award". NHL Enterprises, L.P. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
Sources[edit]
NHL Official Guide and Record Book, 2016
www.nhl.com
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Liquid fuel
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A flaming cocktail works by burning ethanol (grain alcohol), a type of liquid fuel also found in all alcoholic drinks
Liquid fuels are combustible or energy-generating molecules that can be harnessed to create mechanical energy, usually producing kinetic energy; they also must take the shape of their container. It is the fumes of liquid fuels that are flammable instead of the fluid. Most liquid fuels in widespread use are derived from fossil fuels; however, there are several types, such as hydrogen fuel (for automotive uses), ethanol, and biodiesel, which are also categorized as a liquid fuel. Many liquid fuels play a primary role in transportation and the economy.
Liquid fuels are contrasted with solid fuels and gaseous fuels.
Contents
[hide]
1 General properties
2 Petroleums
2.1 Gasoline
2.2 Diesel
2.3 Kerosene
3 Natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas
3.1 Compressed natural gas
3.2 Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)
4 Non-petroleum fossil fuels
5 Biodiesel
6 Alcohols
6.1 Methanol
6.2 Ethanol
6.3 Butanol
7 Hydrogen
8 Ammonia
9 References
General properties[edit]
Some common properties of liquid fuels are that they are easy to transport, and can be handled with relative ease. Also they are relatively easy to use for all engineering applications, and home use. (Fuels like Kerosene are rationed and available in government subsidized shops in India for home use.) Liquid fuels are also used most popularly in Internal combustion engines.
Some very technically important properties include: flash point, fire point, cloud point, and pour point.
Petroleums[edit]
Main article: Petroleum
Most liquid fuels used currently are produced from petroleum. The most notable of these is gasoline. Scientists generally accept that petroleum formed from the fossilized remains of dead plants and animals by exposure to heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.
Gasoline[edit]
Main article: Gasoline
Gasoline is the most widely used liquid fuel. Gasoline, as it is known in United States and Canada, or petrol virtually everywhere else, is made of hydrocarbon molecules (compounds that contain hydrogen and carbon only) forming aliphatic compounds, or chains of carbons with hydrogen atoms attached. However, many aromatic compounds (carbon chains forming rings) such as benzene are found naturally in gasoline and cause the health risks associated with prolonged exposure to the fuel.
Production of gasoline is achieved by distillation of crude oil. The desirable liquid is separated from the crude oil in refineries. Crude oil is extracted from the ground in several processes, the most commonly seen may be beam pumps. To create gasoline, petroleum must first be removed from crude oil.
Liquid gasoline itself is not actually burned, but its fumes ignite, causing the remaining liquid to evaporate and then burn. Gasoline is extremely volatile and easily combusts, making any leakage potentially extremely dangerous. Gasoline sold in most countries carries a published octane rating. The octane number is an empirical measure of the resistance of gasoline to combusting prematurely, known as knocking. The higher the octane rating, the more resistant the fuel is to autoignition under high pressures, which allows for a higher compression ratio. Engines with a higher compression ratio, commonly used in race cars and high-performance regular-production automobiles, can produce more power; however, such engines require a higher octane fuel. Increasing the octane rating has, in the past, been achieved by adding 'anti-knock' additives such as lead-tetra-ethyl. Because of the environmental impact of lead additives, the octane rating is increased today by refining out the impurities that cause knocking.
Diesel[edit]
Main article: Diesel fuel
Conventional diesel is similar to gasoline in that it is a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons extracted from petroleum. Diesel may cost more or less than gasoline, but generally costs less to produce because the extraction processes used are simpler. Some countries (particularly Canada and India) also have lower tax rates on diesel fuels.
After distillation, the diesel fraction is normally processed to reduce the amount of sulfur in the fuel. Sulphur causes corrosion in vehicles, acid rain and higher emissions of soot from the tail pipe (exhaust pipe). Historically, in Europe lower sulfur levels than in the United States were legally required. However, recent US legislation reduced the maximum sulphur content of diesel from 3,000 ppm to 500 ppm in 2007, and 15 ppm by 2010. Similar changes are also underway in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and several Asian countries. See also Ultra-low-sulfur diesel.
A diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine which ignites fuel by injecting it into a combustion chamber previously compressed with air (which in turn raises the temperature) as opposed to using an outside ignition source, such as a spark plug.
Kerosene[edit]
Main article: Kerosene
Kerosene is used in kerosene lamps and as a fuel for cooking, heating, and small engines. It displaced whale oil for lighting use. Jet fuel for jet engines is made in several grades (Avtur, Jet A, Jet A-1, Jet B, JP-4, JP-5, JP-7 or JP-8) that are kerosene-type mixtures. One form of the fuel known as RP-1 is burned with liquid oxygen as rocket fuel. These fuel grade kerosenes meet specifications for smoke points and freeze points.
In the mid-20th century, kerosene or "TVO" (Tractor Vaporising Oil) was used as a cheap fuel for tractors. The engine would start on gasoline, then switch over to kerosene once the engine warmed up. A "heat valve" on the manifold would route the exhaust gases around the intake pipe, heating the kerosene to the point where it can be ignited by an electric spark.
Kerosene is sometimes used as an additive in diesel fuel to prevent gelling or waxing in cold temperatures. However, this is not advisable in some recent vehicle diesel engines, as doing so may interfere with the engine's emissions regulation equipment.
Natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas[edit]
Compressed natural gas[edit]
Main article: Compressed natural gas
Natural gas, composed chiefly of methane, can be compressed to a liquid and used as a substitute for other traditional liquid fuels. Its combustion is very clean compared to other hydrocarbon fuels, but the fuel's low boiling point requires the fuel to be kept at high pressures to keep it in the liquid state. Though it has a much lower flash point than fuels such as gasoline, it is in many ways safer due to its higher autoignition temperature and its low density, which causes it to dissipate when released in air.
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)[edit]
Main article: Liquefied petroleum gas
LP gas is a mixture of propane and butane, both of which are easily compressible gases under standard atmospheric conditions. It offers many of the advantages of compressed natural gas (CNG), but does not burn as cleanly, is denser than air and is much more easily compressed. Commonly used for cooking and space heating, LP gas and compressed propane are seeing increased use in motorized vehicles; propane is the third most commonly used motor fuel globally.
Non-petroleum fossil fuels[edit]
Main article: Synthetic fuel
When petroleum is not easily available, chemical processes such as the Fischer-Tropsch process can be used to produce liquid fuels from coal or natural gas. Synthetic fuels from coal were strategically important during World War II for the German military. Today synthetic fuels produced from natural gas are manufactured, to take advantage of the higher value of liquid fuels in transportation.
Biodiesel[edit]
Main article: Biodiesel
Biodiesel is similar to diesel, but has differences akin to those between petrol and ethanol. For instance, biodiesel has a higher cetane rating (45-60 compared to 45-50 for crude-oil-derived diesel) and it acts as a cleaning agent to get rid of dirt and deposits. It has been argued that it only becomes economically feasible above oil prices of $80 (£40 or €60 as of late February, 2007) per barrel. This does however depend on locality, economic situation, government stance on biodiesel and a host of other factors- and it has been proven to be viable at much lower costs in some countries. Also, it yields about 10% less energy than ordinary diesel. Analogous to the use of higher compression ratios used for engines burning higher octane alcohols and petrol in spark-ignition engines, taking advantage of biodiesel's high cetane rating can potentially overcome the energy deficit compared to ordinary Number 2 diesel.
Alcohols[edit]
Main article: Alcohol fuel
Generally, the term alcohol refers to ethanol, the first organic chemical produced by humans,[1] but any alcohol can be burned as a fuel. Ethanol and methanol are the most common, being sufficiently inexpensive to be useful.
Methanol[edit]
Main article: Methanol fuel
Methanol is the lightest and simplest alcohol, produced from the natural gas component methane. Its application is limited primarily due to its toxicity (similar to gasoline), but also due to its high corrosivity and miscibility with water. Small amounts are used in some gasolines to increase the octane rating. Methanol-based fuels are used in some race cars and model airplanes.
Methanol is also called methyl alcohol or wood alcohol, the latter because it was formerly produced from the distillation of wood. It is also known by the name methyl hydrate.
Ethanol[edit]
Main article: Ethanol fuel
Ethanol, also known as grain alcohol or ethyl alcohol, is commonly found in alcoholic beverages. However, it may also be used as a fuel, most often in combination with gasoline. For the most part, it is used in a 9:1 ratio of gasoline to ethanol to reduce the negative environmental effects of gasoline.[citation needed]
There is increasing interest in the use of a blend of 85% fuel ethanol blended with 15% gasoline. This fuel blend called E85, has a higher fuel octane than most premium gasolines. When used in a modern Flexible fuel vehicle, it delivers more performance to the gasoline it replaces at the expense of higher fuel consumption due to ethanol's lesser specific energy content.[2]
Ethanol for use in gasoline and industrial purposes may be considered a fossil fuel because it is often synthesized from the petroleum product ethylene, which is cheaper than production from fermentation of grains or sugarcane.
Butanol[edit]
Main article: Butanol
See also: Clostridium acetobutylicum
Butanol is an alcohol which can be used as a fuel in most gasoline internal combustion engines without engine modification. It is typically a product of the fermentation of biomass by the bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum (also known as the Weizmann organism). This process was first delineated by Chaim Weizmann in 1916 for the production of acetone from starch for making cordite, a smokeless gunpowder.
The advantages of butanol are its high octane rating (over 100) and high energy content, only about 10% lower than gasoline, and subsequently about 50% more energy-dense than ethanol, 100% more so than methanol. Butanol's only major disadvantages are its high flashpoint (35 °C or 95 °F), toxicity (note that toxicity levels exist but are not precisely confirmed), and the fact that the fermentation process for renewable butanol emits a foul odour. The Weizmann organism can only tolerate butanol levels up to 2% or so, compared to 14% for ethanol and yeast. Making butanol from oil produces no such odour, but the limited supply and environmental impact of oil usage defeats the purpose of alternative fuels. The cost of butanol is about $1.25–$1.32 per kilogram ($0.57-$0.58 per pound or $4 approx. per US gallon). Butanol is much more expensive than ethanol (approx. $.40 per liter or 1.50 per gallon) and methanol.
On June 20, 2006, DuPont and BP announced that they were converting an existing ethanol plant to produce 9 million gallons (34 000 cubic meters) of butanol per year from sugar beets. DuPont stated a goal of being competitive with oil at $30–$40 per barrel ($0.19-$0.25 per liter) without subsidies, so the price gap with ethanol is narrowing.
Hydrogen[edit]
Main article: Liquid hydrogen
See also: Hydrogen economy
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Liquefied hydrogen is the liquid state of the element hydrogen. It is a common liquid rocket fuel for rocket applications and can be used as a fuel in an internal combustion engine or fuel cell. Various concept hydrogen vehicles have been lower volumetric energy, the hydrogen volumes needed for combustion are large. Hydrogen was liquefied for the first time by James Dewar in 1898.
Ammonia[edit]
Ammonia (NH3) has been used as a fuel before at times when gasoline is unavailable (e.g. for buses in Belgium during WWII). It has a volumetric energy density of 17 Megajoules per liter (compared to 10 for hydrogen, 18 for methanol, 21 for dimethyl ether and 34 for gasoline). It must be compressed or cooled to be a liquid fuel, although it does not require cryogenic cooling as hydrogen does to be liquefied.[3]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "AccessScience | Encyclopedia Article | Alcohol fuel". Accessscience.com. Retrieved 2008-11-06.
Jump up ^ E85
Jump up ^ "Ammonia FAQs". Retrieved 9 August 2012.
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