text:
Currencies of the European Union
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EU GDP by currency group[1]
Eurozone (72.9%)
Non-Eurozone (Minus UK) (12%)
United Kingdom (15.1%)
There are eleven currencies of the European Union as of 2015[update] used officially by member states. The euro accounts for the majority of the member states with the remainder operating independent monetary policies. Those European Union states that have adopted it are known as the eurozone and share the European Central Bank (ECB). The ECB and the national central banks of all EU countries, including those who operate an independent currency, are part of the European System of Central Banks.
Contents
[hide]
1 Euro
2 Current currencies
3 Historic currencies
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
Euro[edit]
Further information: Eurozone, Opt-outs in the European Union, and Enlargement of the eurozone
The euro is the result of the European Union's project for economic and monetary union which came fully into being on 1 January 2002 and it is now the currency used by the majority of European Union's member states, with all but two bound to adopt it. It is the currency used by the institutions of the European Union and in the failed European Constitution it was to be included with the symbols of Europe as the formal currency of the European Union. The euro is also widely used by other states outside the EU.
Except for the two states with opt outs, all current and future members of the EU are obliged to adopt the Euro as their currency, thus replacing their current ones.[2] The relationship between euro and non-euro states has been on debate both during the UK's membership (as a large opt-out state) and in light of withdrawal from the EU and how that impacts the balance of power between those in and out of the euro; namely avoiding a eurozone caucus out-voting non-euro states. The UK had called for the EU treaties to recognise the EU as a "multicurrency union", which sparked concerns about undermining euro adoption in remaining countries.[1] [3][4][5]
Current currencies[edit]
Map of currencies used within the EU and dates of Euro adoption
States which used the euro from 1999 (currency entered circulation 2002)
States which subsequently adopted the euro
States using other currencies
The following are official and unofficial currencies used within the borders of the European Union;
Currency
Region
Symbol
ISO
Peg
Notes
Bulgarian lev Bulgaria лв BGN Currency board
British pound sterling
Gibraltar pound United Kingdom
Gibraltar £ GBP
GIP Floating
Pegged to pound sterling
Croatian kuna Croatia kn HRK Floating
Czech koruna Czech Republic Kč CZK Floating
Danish krone Denmark kr DKK ERM II
Euro
Eurozone[show]
Austria
Belgium
Cyprus
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Portugal
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
€ EUR Floating Also used by EU institutions
Hungarian forint Hungary Ft HUF Floating
Polish złoty Poland zł PLN Floating
Romanian leu Romania Leu RON Floating
Swedish krona Sweden kr SEK Floating
Swiss franc Campione d'Italia (Italy)[6]
Büsingen am Hochrhein (Germany)[7] Fr. CHF Floating Swiss franc is issued by Switzerland.
Turkish lira Northern Cyprus (Cyprus)[8] TL TRY Floating Tukrish lira is issued by Turkey
Note that there are other currencies used in overseas territories of member states. Those territories however are not part of the European Union proper (legally subject to all its law) so are not listed here.
Historic currencies[edit]
Further information: History of the euro
Currency
State
Symbol
ISO
Completely Yielded
on
Rate to
euro
Notes
Austrian schilling Austria S or öS (ATS) 1999/2002 13.7603
Belgian franc Belgium fr. (BEF) 1999/2002 40.3399 Interchangeable with Luxembourgian franc (BLEU)
Cypriot pound Cyprus £ (CYP) 2008 0.585274
Dutch guilder Netherlands ƒ or fl. (NLG) 1999/2002 2.20371
Estonian kroon Estonia Kr (EEK) 2011 15.6466
Finnish markka Finland mk (FIM) 1999/2002 5.94573
French franc France ₣, F or FF (FRF) 1999/2002 6.55957 Linked to Monegasque franc,[9] both valid in France, Andorra and Monaco.
German mark Germany DM (DEM) 1999/2002 1.95583
Greek drachma Greece Δρχ., Δρ. or ₯ (GRD) 2001/2002 340.75
Irish pound Ireland £ (IEP) 1999/2002 0.787564
Italian lira Italy ₤, L. or LIT (ITL) 1999/2002 1,936.27 Linked to Sammarinese & Vatican lira,[10] all valid in Italy, San Marino and the Vatican City.
Latvian lats Latvia Ls (LVL) 2014 0.702804
Lithuanian litas Lithuania Lt (LTL) 2015 3.4528
Luxembourgian franc Luxembourg fr. or F (LUF) 1999/2002 40.3399 Interchangeable with Belgian franc (BLEU).
Maltese lira Malta ₤ or Lm (MTL) 2008 0.4293
Portuguese escudo Portugal S ‖ {\displaystyle \mathrm {S} \!\!\!\Vert } or $ (PTE) 1999/2002 200.482
Slovak koruna Slovakia Sk (SKK) 2009 30.126
Slovenian tolar Slovenia SIT (SIT) 2007 239.64
Spanish peseta Spain ₧ (ESP) 1999/2002 166.386
European Currency Unit Accounting only ₠, ECU or XEU (XEU) 1999/2002 1 Accounting currency alongside national currencies until the euro introduction.
See also[edit]
Economy of the European Union
List of currencies in Europe
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b The Eurozone seeks a post-Brexit balance, European Data Journalism Network 15 December 2017
Jump up ^ The euro, European Commission
Jump up ^ UK call for ‘multicurrency’ EU triggers ECB alarm, Financial Times 4 December 2015
Jump up ^ The Great British Euro Conundrum, Handelsblatt 20 June 2016
Jump up ^ What a fair relationship between ‘euro ins’ and ‘euro outs’ could look like, London School of Economics 26 January 2016
Jump up ^ Swiss franc is the official currency and euro is widely accepted.
Jump up ^ The euro is the official currency but the Swiss franc is more widely used due to it being a Swiss enclave.
Jump up ^ EU law is suspended in Northern Cyprus, and the Turkish Cypriot government who use the Turkish lira are not recognised as the legitimate government of the region. Nevertheless, the euro does circulate widely.
Jump up ^ Replaced alongside French franc with euro
Jump up ^ Replaced alongside Italian lira with euro
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Prem Ratan Dhan Payo
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Prem Ratan Dhan Payo
Theatrical release poster
Hindi
प्रेम रतन धन पायो
Directed by
Sooraj R. Barjatya
Produced by
Ajit Kumar Barjatya
Kamal Kumar Barjatya
Rajkumar Barjatya
Screenplay by
Sooraj R. Barjatya
Story by
Sooraj R. Barjatya
Based on
The Prisoner of Zenda
by Wells Root and Donald Ogden Stewart[1][2]
Starring
Salman Khan
Sonam Kapoor
Neil Nitin Mukesh
Anupam Kher
Music by
Songs:
Himesh Reshammiya
Score:
Sanjoy Chowdhury
Himesh Reshammiya
Cinematography
V. Manikandan
Edited by
Sanjay Sankla
Production
company
Rajshri Productions
Distributed by
Fox Star Studios
Release date
12 November 2015 (2015-11-12)
Running time
164 minutes[3]
Country
India
Language
Hindi
Budget
₹180 crore[4]
Box office
est. ₹400 crore[5]
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo (English: Found a Treasure Called Love) is a 2015 Indian romantic drama film,[6] written and directed by Sooraj Barjatya, produced by Rajshri Productions and distributed by Fox Star Studios. It stars Salman Khan and Sonam Kapoor in lead roles.[7] This is the fourth collaboration between Barjatya and Khan after their previous films Maine Pyar Kiya, Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!, and Hum Saath Saath Hain.
The cinematography of the movie was done by V. Manikandan and was edited by Sanjay Sankla. The soundtrack was composed by Himesh Reshammiya, and the background music done by Sanjoy Chowdhury. The film was released in India and Pakistan on 12 November 2015.[8] It emerged as a commercial success and ranks among the highest-grossing Bollywood films, with a gross of ₹400 crore (US$62 million) worldwide.[5] The movie was reported to be inspired by the South Korean movie Masquerade [9] which itself was loosely based on the novel The Prisoner of Zenda by Anthony Hope.[10]
The film was also released in Telugu and Tamil versions as Prema Leela and Meymarandhen Paaraayo respectively.[11][12]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Critical reception
4 Box office
4.1 India
4.2 Overseas
5 Music
5.1 Critical response
6 Awards
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Yuvraj Vijay Singh (Salman Khan) is the very rich crown prince of Pritampur, who is soon to be crowned as king (namesake, as there are no official kings, kingdoms in Modern India). He is engaged to Maithili (Sonam Kapoor) a princess from the royal family of a neighboring kingdom. However, due to his stiff and stubborn nature Vijay faces many problems with Maithili as well as with his brother and sisters.[vague] His rich half sisters Rajkumari Chandrika (Swara Bhaskar) and Rajkumari Radhika (Aashika Bhatia) live in a separate rented bungalow outside the royal palace with Chandrika working as an accounts head in a municipal school and have filed case against Vijay for a share in the royal property, because they felt their mother (Lata Sabharwal)(a poet and later mistress to the late King) was wronged by the Queen(Karuna Pandey)when she disgraced her in the presence of all of the King's children. Furthermore, Radhika's and Maithili earlier who were best friends during school times, their friendship is shattered owing her engagement with Vijay. Similarly, his half brother Yuvraj Ajay Singh (Neil Nitin Mukesh) vows vengeance and has been wanting to kill him and take the crown for himself. He enlists the help of his manager Chirag Singh (Armaan Kohli) and Vijay's secretary Sameera(Samaira Rao), Chirag is misguiding Ajay at every step while betraying him at his back. Yuvraj Vijay barely escapes an assassination plan coordinated by Yuvraj Ajay and Chirag to kill him but gets badly injured. He's hidden in a secret chamber maintained by two doctors.
Meanwhile, Vijay's lookalike Prem Dilwale (Salman Khan), a love guru, perky, lively and carefree stage actor who falls in love with Princess Maithili, reaches Pritampur to meet her along with his friend Kanhaiya (Deepak Dobriyal). At a bus stop, the Security Head of Pritampur Palace, Sanjay (Deepraj Rana), notices him by chance, and takes him to Diwan Sahib (Anupam Kher). Upon witnessing the striking resemblance between Prem and Yuvraj Vijay, Diwan asks Prem to take Yuvraj Vijay's place while Yuvraj recovers from coma. Prem acts as Yuvraj Vijay but with his simple and caring nature, he impresses Maithili who earlier wanted to break up with Vijay and falls in love with Prem unknowingly. Prem also attempts to reconcile with his sisters by bringing them back to the royal palace; he prepares legal documents handing over all of the royal family's properties to them. His half-sisters are so moved by this gesture that, with a little push from Maithili, they eventually have a change of heart and decline to deprive prince of his fortune and reconcile with him as his sisters.
Meanwhile, Yuvraj Ajay and Chirag find out that Prem is only playing the part of the prince, and thus they kidnap the real Yuvraj Vijay. Chirag decides to double cross Ajay, as he frees Vijay and feeds him false information to pit him against Ajay and Prem. Vijay and Ajay get involved in a sword fight when Prem and Kanhaiya intervene and clear the confusion. Chirag tries to shoot them down but falls to his death. Ajay regrets his deeds, and Vijay reconciles with him. Maithili is shocked to know the truth about Prem not being Yuvraj Vijay, after Prem has left to return to his home. At the end, the royal family reaches Prem's house to reunite Prem and Maithili, they get happily married along with Kanhaiyya and Sameera.
Cast[edit]
Salman Khan in a dual role as Prem Dilwale and Yuvraj Vijay Singh, the namesake Prince of Pritampur
Sonam Kapoor as Rajkumari Maithili Devi
Neil Nitin Mukesh as Yuvraj Ajay Singh, Vijay's step-brother
Anupam Kher as Diwan Sahab/Bapu
Armaan Kohli as Chirag Singh, C.E.O of The Pritampur Empire Properties
Swara Bhaskar as Rajkumari Chandrika, Vijay's step-sister
Aashika Bhatia as Rajkumari Radhika, Vijay's step-sister
Deepraj Rana as Sanjay, head of security of the Royal Palace
Deepak Dobriyal as Kanhaiya, Prem's friend
Samaira Rao as Sameera
Sanjay Mishra as Chaubey Ji, head of the drama troupe
S M Zaheer as Doctor 1
Micky Makhijja as Doctor 2
Manoj Joshi as Mr. Bhandari, advocate of the Pritampur estate
Lata Sabharwal as Mother of Radhika and Chandrika, poet of Royal Family
Karuna Pandey as Maharani and mother of Ajay and stepmother of Vijay
Suhasini Mulay as Grand Mother of Rajkumari Maithili
Namrata Thapa as NGO worker
Sameer Dharmadhikari as King of Pritampur (cameo)
Bikramjeet Kanwarpal as Estate agent
Critical reception[edit]
This article contains too many or too-lengthy quotations for an encyclopedic entry. Please help improve the article by editing it to take facts from excessively quoted material and rewrite them as sourced original prose. Consider transferring direct quotations to Wikiquote. (November 2015)
Taran Adarsh of Bollywood Hungama gave the film 4.5/5 stating that "On the whole, PRDP is the perfect Diwali entertainer for the entire family. The film will win abundant love [prem], while its investors will reap a harvest [dhan], making it a memorable Diwali for all concerned." [13] Srijana Mitra Das of Times of India rated the film with 3.5/5 stars stating that PRDP is Salman Khan's triumph and he " simply blows the top off the theatres with a double role that makes you laugh, gasp, sigh – and cry." She also appreciated the performance of Sonam Kapoor, Deepak Dobriyal, Aashika and Swara Bhaskar.[14] Sonia Chopra of Sify gave 3/5 stars rating saying that the film has its faults, but with actor Salman Khan's dual role, the movie is sure to hit the right spots with the family audience.[15] Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN gave the film a rating of 3/5 stars saying that the director employed the same successful formula he had tried in his previous films, but now "the tropes have gotten rusty, the emotions seldom feel genuine, and the writing is strictly surface level". He concluded that the film's only saving grace is the presence of Salman Khan who is in good form.[16]
Shubhra Gupta of Indian Express gave the film a low rating of 1.5/5 stars, calling it a re-imagining of Ramayan and its million stories, criticizing it as "an out-dated, overblown rehash of the director's previous films",[17] while Rohit Vats of Hindustan Times gave the film only 2/5 stars, calling it "as a film straight out of the '80s" rehashing the director's same formula, but appreciated music director Himesh Reshammiya and lead actor Salman Khan as "quite likeable and his comic timing has gotten better".[18] Anna MM Vetticad of First Post thrashed the film as "half-baked, lifeless, low-IQ film with its juvenile humour and family politics that resembles circumstances in the cheapest saas-bahu soaps now running on Hindi fiction TV." and "lacks even the few qualities that made his earlier ventures bearable ".[19] Sukanya Verma of Rediff.com rated the film a 2.5/5 stars stating, " PRDP sticks to its beliefs on sibling affection, family values and coy courtship and takes a lengthy route to assert so. Yet it is not the predictability but the lop-sided sentimentality of the director's narrative that hurts PRDP's intentions the most." She criticized the director for recycling "men versus women sporting contests, midnight kitchen rendezvous and the pristine aura of Prem", but appreciated the performance of Salman Khan even though it never matched his previous Bajrangi Bhaijaan act.[20]
Box office[edit]
India[edit]
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo collected ₹40.35 crore (US$6.3 million) net on its opening day and became highest opener of the year by beating the record previously held by Bajrangi Bhaijaan.It is also the second film in Hindi cinema to gross over ₹40 crore (US$6.2 million) in a single day after Happy New Year.[21] The Gross collections of the film was ₹55.03 crore (US$8.6 million) on the first day, which is highest in India.[22] On its second day the film saw a 25% drop in its business as it collected ₹31.05 crore (US$4.8 million) nett which is the highest non-holiday second day ever .[23] The film collected ₹30.07 crore (US$4.7 million) nett on its third day which is also the highest non-holiday third day ever to take its three-day total to ₹101.47 crore (US$16 million) nett. The film becomes fourth Hindi movie to gross more than ₹100 crore (US$16 million) in flat three days.[24] On its fourth day the film collected ₹28.30 crore (US$4.4 million) nett to take its extended opening weekend total to ₹129.77 crore (US$20 million) nett which is the highest four-day total for a Hindi movie beating the previous records of Bajrangi Bhaijaan and Dhoom 3.[25] The film drops on its fifth day as it collected ₹13.62 crore (US$2.1 million) nett.[26] On its sixth day the film collected ₹12.04 crore (US$1.9 million) nett to take its six-day total to ₹155.43 crore (US$24 million) and becomes second highest grosser of the year by beating the lifetime collection of Tanu Weds Manu Returns.[27] The film collected ₹10.02 crore (US$1.6 million) on its seventh day to take its seven-day total to ₹165.45 crore (US$26 million) nett and beat the first week records of Kick and Chennai Express.[28] The film collected ₹172.82 crore (US$27 million) nett in its extended first week which is the fourth highest first week collection of all time.[29] The film grossed ₹58.67 crore (US$9.1 million) in Mumbai circuit alone from its first week and become second highest first week grosser in that circuit after PK.[30]
The film collected ₹5.50 crore (US$860,000), ₹6.70 crore (US$1.0 million) nett on its second Friday and Saturday respectively. On its second Sunday the film collected ₹8.20 crore (US$1.3 million) nett to take its total to ₹193.22 crore (US$30 million) nett after second weekend.[31] The film collected a total of ₹201.52 crore (US$31 million) on its second Wednesday and thus becomes only second movie of the year to collect over ₹200 crore (US$31 million) nett after Bajrangi Bhaijaan another Salman Khan starer.[32] With this total the film made 100% profit for the producers.[33] The film grossed ₹30.71 crore (US$4.8 million) in its second week to take its two-weeks total to ₹203.53 crore (US$32 million) and beats the lifetime collection of Happy New Year.[34]
The film collected ₹3.10 crore (US$480,000) nett in its third weekend to take its total to ₹206.63 crore (US$32 million) nett.[35]
Overseas[edit]
The film grossed $1.6 million(10.62 crores) on its opening day at overseas.[36] The two days total of the film was $3.87 million(25.58 crores).[37] The film grossed $8.9 million(59 crores) in its first four days from International Markets.[38] After its second weekend the film grossed $13.04 million(86.57 crores) at International Markets.[39] It has beaten the lifetime international business record of "Baahubali: The Beginning" in 11 days.[40]"Prem Ratan Dhan Payo" has managed to retain maximum number of cinema halls that it was holding in its opening week, but its business has dropped by over 75% in the key international markets.
In its second weekend, "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo" has grossed $438,662 from 283 screens in the US, US$163,382 from 24 screens in Canada, £2,16,899 from 103 screens in the UK, A$1,18,146 from 30 screens in Australia, NZ$99,180 from 27 screens in New Zealand, MYR29,788 from 16 screens in Malaysia and €3,650 from 21 in Germany."Prem Ratan Dhan Payo" has collected a total of $13.04 million (Rs 86.57 crore) at the overseas box office in 11 days.[40] The film grossed $14.10 million(94 crores) after its third weekend.[41]
Music[edit]
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo
Soundtrack album by Himesh Reshammiya
Released
10 October 2015 (2015-10-10)
Recorded
HR Musik Studio
Genre
Feature film soundtrack
Length
39:12 (Audio Jukebox)[42]
Language
Hindi
Label
T-Series
Himesh Reshammiya chronology
All Is Well
(2015)All Is Well2015 Prem Ratan Dhan Payo
(2015) Sanam Teri Kasam
(2016)Sanam Teri Kasam2016
Singles from Prem Ratan Dhan Payo
"Prem Leela"
Released: 7 October 2015[43]
The music rights of the film were sold to T-Series for a record amount of ₹17 crore (US$2.7 million) satellite rights were sold to star network for ₹50 crore (US$7.8 million), making it the most expensive music rights deal in the Bollywood film industry at the time.[44] The full music album of Prem Ratan Dhan Payo was released on 10 October 2015.[45]
Sanjoy Chowdhury composed the original background score, while Reshammiya was credited for the themes based on his songs.
All lyrics written by Irshad Kamil; all music composed by Himesh Reshammiya.
No.
Title
Singer(s)
Length
1. "Prem Leela" Aman Trikha, Vineet Singh 03:41
2. "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo" Palak Muchhal 05:19
3. "Jalte Diye" Anweshaa, Harshdeep Kaur, Vineet Singh, Shabab Sabri 05:36
4. "Aaj Unse Milna Hai" Shaan 04:03
5. "Jab Tum Chaho" Palak Muchhal, Mohammed Irfan, Darshan Raval 05:07
6. "Halo Re" Aman Trikha 03:18
7. "Tod Tadaiyya" Neeraj Shridhar, Neeti Mohan 04:24
8. "Bachpan Kahan?" Himesh Reshammiya 04:02
9. "Murli Ki Taanon Si" Shaan 01:29
10. "Aaj Unse Kehna Hai" Aishwarya Majumdar, Palak Muchhal, Shaan 02:08
Total length: 39:31
Critical response[edit]
Critic Aelina Kapoor of Rediff.com gave the album 3.5 stars out of 5, saying that "the music of 'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' is well done, has a strong traditional flavour, have a paarivaarik feel and is exactly what the filmmaker ordered."[46] Joginder Tuteja of Bollywood Hungama gave the album a score 4.5 out of 5 and stated that Himesh Reshammiya has delivered his "best ever in his musical career" and "the soundtrack exceeds the massive expectations one had from it." He described the album as brilliant, and praised the lyrics by Irshad Kamil.[47]
Kasmin Fernandes of The Times of India gave the album 4/5 and complimented that "music of the film is pleasant and is reminiscent of jubilant songs from the 1990s." She however, adored the lyrics by Irshad Kamil.[48] Critic R. M. Vijayakar in his review for India-West assigned a score of 3.5 out of 5 to the soundtrack. He summarised that "the score deserves "hosannas" for its courage and conviction in delivering deep and rich Indian melody, good poetry and thematic veracity against today's depraved trends." He also pointed that the album is a pure one, without any "crass words, western beats, rap, and multiple music makers!"[49]
In his critical review for The New Indian Express, Vipin Nair awards the album a score of 6.5 out of 10. He stated that the album might "be a hit with the people who love 90s Bollywood melodies." However, he also pointed that it is a bit dated.[50] Surabhi Redkar for Koimoi.com assigned the album a low rating of 2 stars out of 5 stating the soundtrack "may be better with visuals."[51]
Awards[edit]
See also[edit]
Bollywood 100 Crore Club
List of highest-grossing Indian films
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Nayandeep Rakshit (24 October 2015). "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo = The Prisoner of Zenda?". Daily News and Analysis.
Jump up ^ "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo: Lesser known facts". The Times of India. October 2015.
Jump up ^ "PREM RATAN DHAN PAYO (12A)". British Board of Film Classification. 6 November 2015. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Highest Budget Movies All Time". Box Office India. Archived from the original on 25 November 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Worldwide box office collection". International Business Times.
Jump up ^ Sooraj Barjatya And Salman Khan's Next Finally Has A Name – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo. Indiatimes.com (13 March 2014). Retrieved on 31 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "PREM RATAN DHAN PAYO Movie Review: PREM RATAN DHAN PAYO is like a well wrapped sweet box with cheap halwa inside.". Glamsham. Retrieved 12 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Salman Khan's 'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' to release in Pakistan". The Indian Express. Retrieved 5 November 2015.
Jump up ^ http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/Food-to-lingo-India-goes-on-a-K-trip/articleshow/55641575.cms
Jump up ^ http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-prem-ratan-dhan-payo-the-prisoner-of-zenda-2137828
Jump up ^ Prema Leela – Official Trailer (Telugu) – Salman Khan & Sonam Kapoor – Sooraj Barjatya – Diwali 2015. YouTube. 23 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Meymarandhen Paaraayo Official Trailer – Salman Khan & Sonam Kapoor – Sooraj Barjatya – Diwali 2015. YouTube. 23 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Adarsh, Taran (12 November 2015). "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo". bollywoodhungama. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' Review". timesofindia. 12 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' review: Salman is real 'ratan' in this tradition-soaked romance". Sify. 12 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' review: Salman Khan is the sole draw of this film". ibnlive. 12 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Gupta, Shubhra (13 November 2015). "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' review: Nothing is a fit in this Salman Khan, Sonam Kapoor film". Indian Express. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Vats, Rohit (13 November 2015). "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo review: Family saga Rajshri style". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Vetticad, Anna (13 November 2015). "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo review:Double dose of Salman adds nothing to this regressive, low-IQ Rajshri film". firstpost. Retrieved 13 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Review: Prem works. Rest is just rah-rah!". Rediff. 12 November 2015. Retrieved 14 November 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.koimoi.com/box-office/salman-khan-beats-himself-prem-ratan-dhan-payo-becomes-the-highest-opener-of-the-year/
Jump up ^ "Top Openings India - All Films All Languages".
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Does A Massive Business On Day 2 – Headed For 100 Cr Today!". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – PRDP 4th Fastest Entrant Into 100 Cr Club Post HNY, Dhoom 3 & Bajrangi Bhaijaan". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Salman’s PRDP Breaks 4 Day Record Of Bajrangi Bhaijaan, Aamir’s Dhoom 3, PK & Shah Rukh’s HNY". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' 5-day box office collection: Gross income crosses Rs 200 crore mark at domestic BO". International Business Times, India Edition. 17 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' 6-day box office collection: Salman's film beats 'Tanu Weds Manu Returns' lifetime earnings record". International Business Times, India Edition. 18 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Box Office – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Crosses Week One Of Kick & Chennai Express". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' 8-day box office collection: 'PRDP' records 4th best first week; becomes 12th highest grosser". International Business Times, India Edition. 20 November 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.boxofficeindia.com/art_detail.php?articalid=1616#.Vl1-ANDhVzQ
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' 2nd weekend box office collection: 'PRDP' fails to beat 'Bajrangi Bhaijaan' record". International Business Times, India Edition. 23 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo (PRDP) box office collection crosses Rs 200-cr mark in India in 14 days". International Business Times, India Edition. 26 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Makes 100% Profit At India Box Office". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' 15 box office collection: 'PRDP' beats 'Happy New Year' 2-week record". International Business Times, India Edition. 27 November 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.koimoi.com/box-office/prem-ratan-dhan-payo-3rd-weekend-box-office-collections/
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo : Day 1 Overseas Box Office Collections". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Overseas Box Office Collections". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – ‘Prem Ratan Dhan Payo’ Inches Closer To The 60 Crore Mark In Overseas Circuits". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' overseas box office collection: 'PRDP' beats 'Baahubali' lifetime record". International Business Times, India Edition. 24 November 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' overseas box office collection: 'PRDP' beats 'Baahubali' lifetime record". International Business Times, India Edition. 24 November 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.koimoi.com/box-office/prdp-races-ahead-of-jab-tak-hain-jaan-in-koimoi-overseas-box-office-top-10/
Jump up ^ "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Full Audio Songs JUKEBOX | Salman Khan, Sonam Kapoor | T-Series". T-Series. 10 October 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2017 – via YouTube.
Jump up ^ "Out Now : Prem Ratan Dhan Payo's New Song, Prem Leela". Koimoi.com. Retrieved 7 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "KoiMoi – Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Creates A Record; Cracks The Biggest Music Deal!". koimoi.com.
Jump up ^ "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)". Himesh Reshammiya. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2017 – via iTunes.
Jump up ^ "Review: Prem Ratan Dhan Payo has good music". Rediff. 24 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Bollywood Hungama (12 October 2015). "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo". bollywoodhungama.com.
Jump up ^ "Music Review: Prem Ratan Dhan Payo". The Times of India.
Jump up ^ "'Prem Ratan Dhan Payo' Music Review: Passionate Creations with Rich Melodies". India West.
Jump up ^ "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo is lively though a tad dated". The New Indian Express.
Jump up ^ "Prem Ratan Dhan Payo Music Review". Koimoi.
Jump up ^ http://m.ibnlive.com/news/movies/salman-khan-starrer-prem-ratan-dhan-payo-bags-four-awards-at-big-star-entertainment-awards-1177088.html
External links[edit]
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo on IMDb
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo at Bollywood Hungama
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo at Box Office Mojo
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo at Rotten Tomatoes
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Sooraj Barjatya
Maine Pyar Kiya (1989)
Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! (1994)
Hum Saath-Saath Hain (1999)
Main Prem Ki Diwani Hoon (2003)
Vivah (2006)
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo (2015)
[show]
v
t
e
Anthony Hope's The Prisoner of Zenda (1894)
Books
The Prisoner of Zenda
The Heart of Princess Osra
Rupert of Hentzau
Adaptations
The Prisoner of Zenda (1913 film)
Rupert of Hentzau (1915 film)
The Prisoner of Zenda (1922 film)
The Prisoner of Zenda (1937 film)
The Prisoner of Zenda (1952 film)
Rupert of Hentzau (TV series)
The Prisoner of Zenda (1979 film)
Prisoner of Zenda (1988 film)
Prem Ratan Dhan Payo (2015)
See also
Ruritania
BIG Star Entertainment Awards[52]
Year
Category
Nomineee
Result
2015 Most Entertaining Actor of the Year Salman Khan Won
Most Entertaining Actor – Female in a Romantic role Sonam Kapoor Won
Most Entertaining Film Of The Year Rajshri Production Won
Most Entertaining Music Himesh Reshammiya Won
Most Entertaining Song (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Himesh Reshammiya Nominated
Most Entertaining Singer (Female) Palak Mucchal (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Won
Best Choreography (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Radhika Rao/Vinay Sapru Nominated
Stardust Awards
Year
Category
Nomineee
Result
2016 Best Music Director Himesh Reshammiya Nominated
Best Singer Female Palak Muchhal (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Won
Star Guild Awards
Year
Category
Nomineee
Result
2016 Best Singer Female Palak Muchhal (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Won
Filmfare Awards
Year
Category
Nomineee
Result
2016 Best Singer Female Palak Muchhal (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Nominated
Zee Cine Awards
Year
Category
Nomineee
Result
2016 Best Song Of The Year Himesh Reshammiya (Prem Ratan Dhan Payo) Won
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prem_Ratan_Dhan_Payo&oldid=806859635"
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Contratiempo
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Contratiempo
Directed by
Oriol Paulo
Produced by
Warner Brothers Pictures
Written by
Oriol Paulo
Starring
Mario Casas
Bárbara Lennie
José Coronado
Ana Wagener
Francesc Orella
Paco Tous
Cinematography
Xavi Jiménez
Production
company
Atresmedia Cine, Think Studio
Release date
September 23, 2016 (2016-09-23) (Fantastic Fest)
January 6, 2017 (2017-01-06)
Running time
106 minutes
Country
Spain
Language
Spanish
Budget
€4,000,000 (estimated)
Contratiempo (English: Setback However, known as "The Invisible Guest") is a 2016 Spanish suspense film released theatrically on 6 January 2017. It is the second feature thriller by the director Oriol Paulo, following El Cuerpo (The Body, 2012).
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Filming
4 Reception
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
Adrián Doria, a handsome young businessman is accused of the murder of his mistress, a young photographer named Laura Vidal. In pursuit of a defense against conviction for her murder, his lawyer, Félix Leiva engages the services of a prestigious defense attorney, Virginia Goodman. Adrian is placed under house arrest and Virginia visits him late one evening, claiming that the prosecutor has a new witness and the judge might be having the trial tonight.
Adrian tells Virginia how he and Laura had decided to end their affair months ago. However, they received a call blackmailing them to come to a hotel far away from the city with 100 000 Euros. At the hotel, Adrian and Laura realize that it is a trap and they try to leave. However, Adrian is knocked down unconscious by an unseen person. When he awakes, he finds Laura dead in the bathroom with his money all over her body. The police arrive and find the room door locked from the inside and break in. The windows are also shut manually during winter. Since there is no way someone else could have entered the room and left undetected, Adrian is arrested for Laura's murder. Virginia points out Adrian is not telling her the full truth and makes him tell her the entire story.
Adrian then narrates how he came back to Spain after a business trip to Paris. However, instead of going home straight to his wife and young daughter, he went to the outskirts of town for a rendezvous with Laura. On their way home to the city, they get involved in a collision with another car. Although they are unhurt, the driver of the other car, a young bank worker named Daniel Garrido, dies at the scene. Laura rationalizes that it is not entirely their fault since Daniel was texting while driving and did not have his seat belt on. While another car passes by, Adrian and Laura pretend like nothing happens and the driver leaves. While trying to flee the scene, Adrian's car engine dies off. Laura waits for help while Adrian leaves with Daniel's car to get rid of it and the body. He drives it into a lake and disposes of it there. He then texts Laura his location and she comes to fetch him with his car, now repaired.
When Adrian asks Laura how she got his car fixed, she tells him a much more horrific story. A middle-aged man claiming to be a mechanic drives by and offers Laura help. He tows Adrian's car and drives her to his house where she rests while he fixes her car. A paranoid Laura lies to the mechanic that her name is Raquel and she owns a bookstore. While talking to the mechanic's wife, Laura sees some photographs on the wall and realizes that she is at the home of Daniel Garrido and the mechanic and his wife are his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Garrido. Laura, who has Daniel's phone in her pocket, hides it in the couch. Mrs. Garrido finds it and assumes her son left their house without it. As Laura leaves in Adrian's car, Mr. Garrido notices her adjusting her seat, proving that she was not truthful when she claimed she was alone earlier. He notes down the car's number plates as it leaves his compound. Laura picks up Adrian and they go to sell off his car before reporting it stolen. Back in the city, they part ways, promising to never meet again.
During the next few days, Adrian tries to put the incident behind him and focus on a new business deal that will expand his company's business in Asia. Before the deal can be signed, he is summoned to the police station. Mr. Garrido has reported his plate number to the police. Felix arranges for a false alibi in Paris and warns Adrian from hiding anything from him ever again. Felix also bribes the police to get rid of Adrian's case file to prevent any gossip that might taint his reputation and affect the business deal. As a result, the Asian deal is a success and Adrian is named Young Businessman of The Year by the government. During the award ceremony, he is visited by Mr. Garrido who tries to make him admit the truth. Security removes him from the ballroom and Adrian continues to live his life as usual.
A few weeks later, Adrian learns from the news that the police have evidence Daniel Garrido is on the run from the police after a huge sum of money from the bank he was working for was transferred into his account. Adrian confronts Laura about this and she admits that she not only took Daniel's phone but his wallet too before hiding his body in the car boot. With his security details, she hacked into his account and stole his money in order to create a distraction for the police. Adrian tells her that what she is doing is wrong and they should surrender to the police. Laura refuses to comply and threatens to frame him if he goes to the police.
Days later, Adrian receives a photo of a lake and an audio recording instructing him and Laura to come to the hotel at the outskirts with the 100 000 Euros. Adrian and Laura do as they are told and the rest happened as he had told the police. However, he had seen the face of the man who hit him in the hotel room and it was indeed Mr. Garrido.
Virginia points out that Laura's latest medical reports show that she suffered from anxiety days before her murder and the jury will not believe someone like her who is feeling guilty could frame Daniel to save herself. Instead, it is much more plausible for it to be done by Adrian, who the prosecution would have known by now, bribed the local police to get rid of his case file. However, Virginia reveals that she believes Adrian's story because Mrs. Garrido works at that hotel too. She could have easily unlocked the room window for her husband to escape after killing Laura. Later, after the police have broken into the room to arrest Adrian, she could have walked in and locked the window, making it seem like nobody could have come in and left.
Now, in order to prove that the Garridos are behind Laura's murder, Virginia states that Adrian needs to confess to disposing of Daniel Garrido's body in order to establish their motive. Adrian marks the spot on a map for Virginia. He also reveals that before pushing Daniel and his car into the lake, he realized Daniel is still alive. By then, it is too late and Adrian pushes the car into the lake, killing Daniel. At this point, Virginia has come to realize Adrian is not a victim of his circumstance as he has painted himself to be. In fact, it was he who orchestrated the cover up of Daniel's murder and made it seem like Laura was the mastermind behind everything in order to save himself. Virginia can no longer bring herself to sympathize with Adrian but is still determined to save him and her reputation.
Just then, Felix calls and informs them that the prosecution's star witness is actually the driver that passed by Adrian and Laura that day. Felix has bribed him to remain silent and he will not testify for the prosecution any longer. With everything settled, Virginia leaves the apartment. At that moment, Adrian realizes the pen she gave him is actually a mobile phone distortion device, which makes the conversation become difficult to understand, (that's how Virginia manages to not get discovered when Adrian passes the phone to talk with lawyer Felix, due to the phone device). Virginia then goes to the building opposite the apartment and reveals herself to be Mrs. Garrido in disguise. She had successfully recorded Adrian's confession along with the location of her son's body. And Mr. Garrido calls the police saying he has the information about his son's death. At that moment, the real Virginia Goodman arrives at Adrian's apartment (at the real time they set their appointment). By then, Adrian realizes it is too late for him and his life is over.
Cast[edit]
Mario Casas as Adrián Doria
Ana Wagener as Virginia Goodman
José Coronado as Tomás Garrido
Bárbara Lennie as Laura Vidal
Francesc Orella as Félix Leiva
Paco Tous as Conductor
David Selvas as Bruno
Iñigo Gastesi as Daniel Garrido
San Yélamos as Sonia
Manel Dueso as Inspector Milán
Blanca Martínezv
Filming[edit]
The film was shot in 2015, in Terrassa, a city in Catalonia, Spain and in other locations in Spain such as the city of Barcelona, the region of Biscay, and Vall de Núria.
Reception[edit]
The film grossed US$3.9 million in Spain.[1] It has grossed CN¥166.1 million in China.[2]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Contratiempo (The Invisible Guest)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "看不见的客人". Cbooo (in Chinese). Retrieved 7 October 2017.
External links[edit]
Contratiempo on IMDb
Contratiempo at Rotten Tomatoes
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Contratiempo&oldid=806045502"
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Films about murder
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List of Prime Ministers of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
India
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
Constitution and law[show]
Constitutional amendment
Basic structure doctrine
Fundamental rights
Human rights
———————
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Uniform civil code
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
Indian Penal Code
Law enforcement
Government of India[show]
President (Head of state) (List)
Vice president (List)
———————
Executive:
Prime minister (Head of government) (List)
Union Council of Ministers
Cabinet secretary
Secretaries:
(Defence • Finance • Foreign • Home)
Civil services
All India Services (IAS • IFS/IFoS • IPS)
———————
Legislature:
Parliament
Rajya Sabha (Chairman)
Lok Sabha (Speaker)
Judiciary:
Supreme court (Chief justice)
High courts (Chief justices)
District courts
Elections[show]
Election commission:
Chief Election Commissioner (Election commissioners)
Recent general elections: 2009
2014
2019
Recent state elections: 2017
2018
2019
———————
Political parties
National parties
State parties
National coalitions:
National Democratic Alliance (NDA)
United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
Federalism[show]
Administrative divisions
———————
State governments
Governors (List)
Chief ministers (List)
Chief secretary (Principal secretaries)
Field-level officers
Divisional commissioners
District magistrates
Sub-divisional magistrates
Legislatures:
Vidhan Sabha
Vidhan Parishad
———————
Local governments: Rural bodies:
District councils
Block panchayats
Gram Panchayats
Urban bodies:
Municipal corporations
Municipal councils
Nagar panchayats
Other countries
Atlas
v
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e
Prime Ministers of India (by state of birth)
The Prime Minister of India is the chief executive of the Government of India. In India's parliamentary system, the Constitution names the President as head of state de jure, but his or her de facto executive powers are vested in the Prime Minister and his Council of Ministers. Appointed and sworn-in by the President, the Prime Minister is usually the leader of the party or alliance that has a majority in the Lok Sabha, the lower house of India's Parliament.[1]
Since 1947, India has had fourteen Prime Ministers, fifteen including Gulzarilal Nanda who twice acted in the role. The first was Jawaharlal Nehru of the Indian National Congress party,[2] who was sworn-in on 15 August 1947, when India gained independence from the British. Serving until his death in May 1964, Nehru remains India's longest-serving prime minister. He was succeeded by fellow Congressman Lal Bahadur Shastri, whose 19-month term also ended in death. Indira Gandhi, Nehru's daughter, succeeded Shastri in 1966 to become the country's first woman premier. Eleven years later, she was voted out of power in favour of the Janata Party, whose leader Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress prime minister. After he resigned in 1979, his former deputy Charan Singh briefly held office until Indira Gandhi was voted back six months later. Indira Gandhi's second stint as Prime Minister ended five years later on the morning of 31 October 1984, when she was gunned down by her own bodyguards. That evening, her son Rajiv Gandhi was sworn-in as India's youngest premier, and the third from his family. Thus far, members of Nehru–Gandhi dynasty have been Prime Minister for a total of 37 years and 303 days.[3]
Rajiv's five-year term ended with his former cabinet colleague, V. P. Singh of the Janata Dal, forming the year-long National Front coalition government in 1989. A six-month interlude under Prime Minister Chandra Shekhar followed, after which the Congress party returned to power, forming the government under P. V. Narasimha Rao in June 1991. Rao's five-year term was succeeded by four short-lived governments—the Bharatiya Janata Party's Atal Bihari Vajpayee for 13 days in 1996, a year each under United Front prime ministers H. D. Deve Gowda and I. K. Gujral, and Vajpayee again for 19 months in 1998–99. After Vajpayee was sworn-in for the third time, in 1999, he managed to lead his National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government to a full five-year term, the first non-Congressman to do so. Vajpayee was succeeded by Congressman Manmohan Singh, the first Sikh premier, whose United Progressive Alliance government was in office for 10 years between 2004 and 2014. The incumbent Prime Minister of India is Narendra Modi who has headed the BJP-led NDA government since 26 May 2014 which is India's first non-Congress single party majority government.[4]

Contents
1 Key
2 Prime Ministers of India
3 See also
4 References
4.1 General
4.2 Specific
Key[edit]
Colour key for party of the prime ministers
Bharatiya Janata Party
Indian National Congress
designated Indian National Congress (I) 1977–1996[5]
Janata Dal
Janata Party
Janata Party (Secular)
Samajwadi Janata Party
Other key
№: Incumbent number
† Assassinated or died in office
§ Returned to office after a previous term
RES Resigned
NC Resigned following a no-confidence motion
Prime Ministers of India[edit]
№
Name
(birth–death)
Portrait
Prior Office
Party
(Alliance)
Elected constituency
Term of office[6]
Appointed by
Lok Sabha[a]
1
Jawaharlal Nehru
(1889–1964) Vice President of Executive Council Indian National Congress Phulpur, Uttar Pradesh 15 August 1947 15 April
1952
16 years, 286 days Lord Mountbatten Constituent Assembly[b]
15 April 1952 17 April 1957 Rajendra Prasad 1st
17 April 1957 2 April 1962 2nd
2 April 1962 27 May
1964[†] 3rd
–
Gulzarilal Nanda (acting)
(1898–1998) Minister of Labour and Employment Indian National Congress Sabarkantha, Gujarat 27 May
1964 9 June
1964 13 days Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
2
Lal Bahadur Shastri
(1904–1966) Minister of Home Affairs Indian National Congress Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 9 June
1964 11 January
1966[†] 1 year, 216 days Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
–
Gulzarilal Nanda (acting)
(1898–1998) Minister of Home Affairs Indian National Congress Sabarkantha, Gujarat 11 January
1966 24 January
1966 13 days Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
3
Indira Gandhi
(1917–1984) Minister of Information and Broadcasting
Prime Minister (Re-elected)
Indian National Congress Rajya Sabha MP for Uttar Pradesh 24 January
1966 4 March 1967 11 years, 59 days Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
4 March 1967 15 March 1971 V. V. Giri 4th
15 March 1971 24 March
1977 5th
4
Morarji Desai
(1896–1995) Minister of Finance and Deputy Prime Minister of India before he resigned in 1969 Janata Party Surat, Gujarat 24 March
1977 28 July
1979[RES] 2 years, 126 days B. D. Jatti
(acting President)
6th
5
Charan Singh
(1902–1987) Minister of Finance Janata Party (Secular)
with INC Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh 28 July
1979 14 January
1980[RES] 170 days Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
(3)
Indira Gandhi
(1917–1984) Former Prime Minister Indian National Congress (I) Medak, Andhra Pradesh 14 January
1980[§] 31 October
1984[†] 4 years, 291 days Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 7th
6
Rajiv Gandhi
(1944–1991) MP for Amethi Indian National Congress (I) Amethi, Uttar Pradesh 31 October
1984 31 December 1984 5 years, 32 days Zail Singh
31 December 1984 2 December
1989 8th
7
Vishwanath Pratap Singh
(1931–2008) Minister of Defence Janata Dal
(National Front) Fatehpur, Uttar Pradesh 2 December
1989 10 November
1990[NC] 343 days R. Venkataraman 9th
8
Chandra Shekhar
(1927–2007) MP for Ballia Samajwadi Janata Party
with INC Ballia, Uttar Pradesh 10 November
1990 21 June
1991[c] 223 days R. Venkataraman
9
Pamulaparti Venkata Narasimha Rao
(1921–2004) Minister of External Affairs Indian National Congress (I) Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh 21 June
1991 16 May
1996 4 years, 330 days R. Venkataraman 10th
10
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(born 1924) Minister of External Affairs Bharatiya Janata Party Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 16 May
1996 1 June
1996[RES] 16 days Shankar Dayal Sharma 11th
11
Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda
(born 1933) Chief Minister of Karnataka Janata Dal
(United Front) Rajya Sabha MP for Karnataka 1 June
1996 21 April
1997[RES] 324 days Shankar Dayal Sharma
12
Inder Kumar Gujral
(1919–2012) Minister of External Affairs Janata Dal
(United Front) Rajya Sabha MP for Bihar 21 April
1997 19 March
1998 332 days Shankar Dayal Sharma
(10)
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(born 1924) Former Prime Minister Bharatiya Janata Party
(NDA) Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 19 March
1998[§] 10 October 1999 6 years, 64 days K. R. Narayanan 12th
10 October 1999 22 May
2004 13th
13
Manmohan Singh
(born 1932) Minister of Finance Indian National Congress
(UPA) Rajya Sabha MP for Assam 22 May
2004 22 May 2009 10 years, 4 days A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 14th
22 May 2009 26 May
2014 Pratibha Patil 15th
14
Narendra Modi
(born 1950) Chief Minister of Gujarat Bharatiya Janata Party
(NDA) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 26 May
2014[7] Incumbent 4 years, 75 days Pranab Mukherjee 16th
Jump up ^ Although the Prime Minister can be a member of either house of the Parliament, they have to command the confidence of the Lok Sabha. Upon dissolution of the Lok Sabha, the outgoing PM remains in office until their successor is sworn-in.
Jump up ^ The Constituent Assembly of India consisted of 389 members elected in 1946 by the provincial assemblies by a single, transferable-vote system of proportional representation. The Assembly was replaced by the Provisional Parliament of India after adoption of the Constitution on 26 January 1950 until the first general elections.
Jump up ^ Chandra Shekhar officially resigned as Prime Minister on 13 March 1991, but he and his ministers continued in office until Rao succeeded him.
Timeline
See also[edit]
Government of India portal
India portal
Prime Minister's Office
List of Prime Ministers of India by longevity
List of Presidents of India
References[edit]
General[edit]
"Former Prime Minister's of India". Prime Minister's Office (PMO). Retrieved 22 November 2017.
"Gallery of Prime Ministers". Press Information Burea. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
Guha, Ramachandra (2011). India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy. Pan Macmillan. ISBN 9780330540209.
Brass, Paul R. (1994). The Politics of India Since Independence. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521459709.
Specific[edit]
Jump up ^ Constitutional Government in India. S. Chand Publishing. 2003. ISBN 9788121922036.
Jump up ^ "Former Prime Ministers | Prime Minister of India". www.pmindia.gov.in. Retrieved 2018-01-03.
Jump up ^ "In India, next generation of Gandhi dynasty". Washington Post. Retrieved 2016-12-27.
Jump up ^ Diplomat, Ankit Panda, The. "BJP, Modi Win Landslide Victory in Indian Elections". The Diplomat. Retrieved 2016-12-27.
Jump up ^ "Indian National Congress". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
Jump up ^ "Former Prime Ministers". PM India. Archived from the original on 9 October 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
Jump up ^ "Narendra Modi appointed Prime Minister, swearing in on May 26". The Times of India. 20 May 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2015.
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Prime Minister of India
Jawaharlal Nehru
Gulzarilal Nanda (acting)
Lal Bahadur Shastri
Gulzarilal Nanda (acting)
Indira Gandhi
Morarji Desai
Charan Singh
Rajiv Gandhi
V. P. Singh
Chandra Shekhar
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_India&oldid=854158066"
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