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List of Australian Football League premiers
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This page is a complete chronological listing of Australian Football League premiers. The Australian Football League (AFL), known as the Victorian Football League (VFL) until 1990, is now the elite national competition in Australian rules football.
Each year, the premiership is awarded to the club which wins the AFL Grand Final. The grand final has been played in all VFL/AFL seasons except for 1897 and 1924, and has been an annual tradition in its current format since 1931. While Carlton and Essendon have won the most VFL/AFL premierships with 16, Essendon won in 1897 and 1924, meaning Carlton have won the most grand finals of any club.
Since the introduction by the League of equalisation policies of a salary cap and draft in the late 1980s,[1] every AFL club (except for Gold Coast, which joined the league in only 2011) has made a preliminary final. This has had a significant impact on the spread of premierships: eleven clubs won premierships in the eighteen seasons between 1990 and 2007, compared with only five clubs in the twenty-three seasons between 1967 and 1989.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 List of premiers
1.1 VFL/AFL Premiers
1.2 Minor grade Premierships
1.2.1 VFL/AFL Reserve Premierships
1.2.2 VFL/AFL Under-19s Premierships
1.2.3 AFL Women's Premierships
1.2.4 VFL/AFL Night Premierships
2 Senior Premiership stats
2.1 Premierships by team
2.2 Premiership frequency
2.3 Longest premiership droughts
2.4 Consecutive premierships
2.5 Consecutive grand finals
3 Premierships at all levels
3.1 Premierships across multiple grades in a season
4 Australian Football League reserves affiliation premierships (2000-present)
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 Sources
List of premiers[edit]
The following is a list of the premiers, and the grand final results and circumstances. Most conventional grand finals are a single match at the end of a finals series where the winner of the match wins the premiership.
Under the early VFL finals systems in 1898-1923 and 1925-1930, the circumstances of the grand final were often different: in twenty-nine of these thirty-two years, the minor premiers had the right to challenge the winner of the finals series for the premiership, meaning the grand finals of this era were a mixture of challenge matches, non-challenge matches (which would have been followed by challenge matches had the minor premier been defeated), while in 1901, 1903 and 1906 there was no right of challenge. Regardless of the circumstances at that time, all of these games are now recognised as grand finals.
Premiership decided by a conventional grand final, in which neither team had any right to challenge
Premiership decided by a grand final replay, after the scheduled Grand Final was drawn
Premiership decided by a challenge final under the Argus finals system or similar
Premiership decided without a challenge final being required under the Argus finals system or similar; in these cases, had the other team won the match, a rematch would have been played the following weekend
Premiership decided without a grand final being required
VFL/AFL Premiers[edit]
Season
Premiers
Runners-up
Score
Venue
Attendance
Date
1897 Essendon Geelong N/A N/A N/A N/A
1898 Fitzroy Essendon 5.8 (38) d. 3.5 (23) Junction Oval 16,538 000000001898-09-24-000024 September 1898
1899 Fitzroy (2) South Melbourne 3.9 (27) d. 3.8 (26) Junction Oval 4,823 000000001899-09-16-000016 September 1899
1900 Melbourne Fitzroy 4.10 (34) d. 3.12 (30) East Melbourne Cricket Ground 20,181 000000001900-09-22-000022 September 1900
1901 Essendon (2) Collingwood 6.7 (43) d. 2.4 (16) Lake Oval 30,031 000000001901-09-07-00007 September 1901
1902 Collingwood Essendon (2) 9.6 (60) d. 3.9 (27) Melbourne Cricket Ground 35,202 000000001902-09-20-000020 September 1902
1903 Collingwood (2) Fitzroy (2) 4.7 (31) d. 3.11 (29) Melbourne Cricket Ground 32,263 000000001903-09-12-000012 September 1903
1904 Fitzroy (3) Carlton 9.7 (61) d. 5.7 (37) Melbourne Cricket Ground 32,688 000000001904-09-17-000017 September 1904
1905 Fitzroy (4) Collingwood (2) 4.6 (30) d. 2.5 (17) Melbourne Cricket Ground 30,000 000000001905-09-30-000030 September 1905
1906 Carlton Fitzroy (3) 15.4 (94) d. 6.9 (45) Melbourne Cricket Ground 44,437 000000001906-09-22-000022 September 1906
1907 Carlton (2) South Melbourne (2) 6.14 (50) d. 6.9 (45) Melbourne Cricket Ground 45,477 000000001907-09-21-000021 September 1907
1908 Carlton (3) Essendon (3) 5.5 (35) d. 3.8 (26) Melbourne Cricket Ground 50,261 000000001908-09-26-000026 September 1908
1909 South Melbourne Carlton (2) 4.14 (38) d. 4.12 (36) Melbourne Cricket Ground 37,759 000000001909-10-02-00002 October 1909
1910 Collingwood (3) Carlton (3) 9.7 (61) d. 6.11 (47) Melbourne Cricket Ground 42,790 000000001910-10-01-00001 October 1910
1911 Essendon (3) Collingwood (3) 5.11 (41) d. 4.11 (35) Melbourne Cricket Ground 43,905 000000001911-09-23-000023 September 1911
1912 Essendon (4) South Melbourne (3) 5.17 (47) d. 4.9 (33) Melbourne Cricket Ground 54,434 000000001912-09-28-000028 September 1912
1913 Fitzroy (5) St Kilda 7.14 (56) d. 5.13 (43) Melbourne Cricket Ground 59,556 000000001913-09-27-000027 September 1913
1914 Carlton (4) South Melbourne (4) 6.9 (45) d. 4.15 (39) Melbourne Cricket Ground 30,495 000000001914-09-26-000026 September 1914
1915 Carlton (5) Collingwood (4) 11.12 (78) d. 6.9 (45) Melbourne Cricket Ground 39,343 000000001915-09-18-000018 September 1915
1916 Fitzroy (6) Carlton (4) 12.13 (85) d. 8.8 (56) Melbourne Cricket Ground 21,130 000000001916-09-02-00002 September 1916
1917 Collingwood (4) Fitzroy (4) 9.20 (74) d. 5.9 (39) Melbourne Cricket Ground 25,512 000000001917-09-22-000022 September 1917
1918 South Melbourne (2) Collingwood (5) 9.8 (62) d. 7.15 (57) Melbourne Cricket Ground 39,262 000000001918-09-07-00007 September 1918
1919 Collingwood (5) Richmond 11.12 (78) d. 7.11 (53) Melbourne Cricket Ground 45,413 000000001919-10-11-000011 October 1919
1920 Richmond Collingwood (6) 7.10 (52) d. 5.5 (35) Melbourne Cricket Ground 53,908 000000001920-10-02-00002 October 1920
1921 Richmond (2) Carlton (5) 5.6 (36) d. 4.8 (32) Melbourne Cricket Ground 43,122 000000001921-10-15-000015 October 1921
1922 Fitzroy (7) Collingwood (7) 11.13 (79) d. 9.14 (68) Melbourne Cricket Ground 50,054 000000001922-10-14-000014 October 1922
1923 Essendon (5) Fitzroy (5) 8.15 (63) d. 6.10 (46) Melbourne Cricket Ground 46,566 000000001923-10-20-000020 October 1923
1924 Essendon (6) Richmond (2) N/A N/A N/A N/A
1925 Geelong Collingwood (8) 10.19 (79) d. 9.15 (69) Melbourne Cricket Ground 64,288 000000001925-10-10-000010 October 1925
1926 Melbourne (2) Collingwood (9) 17.17 (119) d. 9.8 (62) Melbourne Cricket Ground 59,632 000000001926-10-09-00009 October 1926
1927 Collingwood (6) Richmond (3) 2.13 (25) d. 1.7 (13) Melbourne Cricket Ground 34,551 000000001927-10-01-00001 October 1927
1928 Collingwood (7) Richmond (4) 13.18 (96) d. 9.9 (63) Melbourne Cricket Ground 50,026 000000001928-09-29-000029 September 1928
1929 Collingwood (8) Richmond (5) 11.13 (79) d. 7.8 (50) Melbourne Cricket Ground 63,336 000000001929-09-28-000028 September 1929
1930 Collingwood (9) Geelong (2) 14.16 (100) d. 9.16 (70) Melbourne Cricket Ground 45,022 000000001930-10-11-000011 October 1930
1931 Geelong (2) Richmond (6) 9.14 (68) d. 7.6 (48) Melbourne Cricket Ground 60,712 000000001931-10-10-000010 October 1931
1932 Richmond (3) Carlton (6) 13.14 (92) d. 12.11 (83) Melbourne Cricket Ground 69,724 000000001932-10-01-00001 October 1932
1933 South Melbourne (3) Richmond (7) 9.17 (71) d. 4.5 (29) Melbourne Cricket Ground 75,754 000000001933-09-30-000030 September 1933
1934 Richmond (4) South Melbourne (5) 19.14 (128) d. 12.17 (89) Melbourne Cricket Ground 65,335 000000001934-10-13-000013 October 1934
1935 Collingwood 10 !(10) South Melbourne (6) 11.12 (78) d. 7.16 (58) Melbourne Cricket Ground 54,154 000000001935-10-05-00005 October 1935
1936 Collingwood 11 !(11) South Melbourne (7) 11.23 (89) d. 10.18 (78) Melbourne Cricket Ground 74,091 000000001936-10-03-00003 October 1936
1937 Geelong (3) Collingwood 10 !(10) 18.14 (122) d. 12.18 (90) Melbourne Cricket Ground 88,540 000000001937-09-25-000025 September 1937
1938 Carlton (6) Collingwood 11 !(11) 15.10 (100) d. 13.7 (85) Melbourne Cricket Ground 96,486 000000001938-09-24-000024 September 1938
1939 Melbourne (3) Collingwood 12 !(12) 21.22 (148) d. 14.11 (95) Melbourne Cricket Ground 78,110 000000001939-09-30-000030 September 1939
1940 Melbourne (4) Richmond (8) 15.17 (107) d. 10.8 (68) Melbourne Cricket Ground 70,330 000000001940-09-28-000028 September 1940
1941 Melbourne (5) Essendon (4) 19.13 (127) d. 13.20 (98) Melbourne Cricket Ground 79,687 000000001941-09-27-000027 September 1941
1942 Essendon (7) Richmond (9) 19.18 (132) d. 11.13 (79) Princes Park 49,000 000000001942-09-19-000019 September 1942
1943 Richmond (5) Essendon (5) 12.14 (86) d. 11.15 (81) Princes Park 42,100 000000001943-09-25-000025 September 1943
1944 Fitzroy (8) Richmond 10 !(10) 9.12 (66) d. 7.9 (51) Junction Oval 43,000 000000001944-09-30-000030 September 1944
1945 Carlton (7) South Melbourne (8) 15.13 (103) d. 10.15 (75) Princes Park 62,986 000000001945-09-29-000029 September 1945
1946 Essendon (8) Melbourne 22.18 (150) d. 13.9 (87) Melbourne Cricket Ground 73,743 000000001946-10-05-00005 October 1946
1947 Carlton (8) Essendon (6) 13.8 (86) d. 11.19 (85) Melbourne Cricket Ground 85,815 000000001947-09-27-000027 September 1947
1948 Melbourne (6) Essendon (7) 10.9 (69) drew 7.27 (69) Melbourne Cricket Ground 85,658 000000001948-10-02-00002 October 1948
13.11 (89) d. 7.8 (50) Melbourne Cricket Ground 52,226 000000001948-10-09-00009 October 1948
1949 Essendon (9) Carlton (7) 18.17 (125) d. 6.16 (52) Melbourne Cricket Ground 90,453 000000001949-09-24-000024 September 1949
1950 Essendon 10 !(10) North Melbourne 13.14 (92) d. 7.12 (54) Melbourne Cricket Ground 87,601 000000001950-09-23-000023 September 1950
1951 Geelong (4) Essendon (8) 11.15 (81) d. 10.10 (70) Melbourne Cricket Ground 84,109 000000001951-09-29-000029 September 1951
1952 Geelong (5) Collingwood 13 !(13) 13.8 (86) d. 5.10 (40) Melbourne Cricket Ground 81,304 000000001952-09-27-000027 September 1952
1953 Collingwood 12 !(12) Geelong (3) 11.11 (77) d. 8.17 (65) Melbourne Cricket Ground 89,060 000000001953-09-26-000026 September 1953
1954 Footscray Melbourne (2) 15.12 (102) d. 7.9 (51) Melbourne Cricket Ground 80,897 000000001954-09-25-000025 September 1954
1955 Melbourne (7) Collingwood 14 !(14) 8.16 (64) d. 5.6 (36) Melbourne Cricket Ground 88,053 000000001955-09-17-000017 September 1955
1956 Melbourne (8) Collingwood 15 !(15) 17.19 (121) d. 6.12 (48) Melbourne Cricket Ground 115,803 000000001956-09-15-000015 September 1956
1957 Melbourne (9) Essendon (9) 17.14 (116) d. 7.13 (55) Melbourne Cricket Ground 100,324 000000001957-09-21-000021 September 1957
1958 Collingwood 13 !(13) Melbourne (3) 12.10 (82) d. 9.10 (64) Melbourne Cricket Ground 97,956 000000001958-09-20-000020 September 1958
1959 Melbourne 10 !(10) Essendon 10 !(10) 17.13 (115) d. 11.12 (78) Melbourne Cricket Ground 103,506 000000001959-09-26-000026 September 1959
1960 Melbourne 11 !(11) Collingwood 16 !(16) 8.14 (62) d. 2.2 (14) Melbourne Cricket Ground 97,457 000000001960-09-24-000024 September 1960
1961 Hawthorn Footscray 13.16 (94) d. 7.9 (51) Melbourne Cricket Ground 107,935 000000001961-09-23-000023 September 1961
1962 Essendon 11 !(11) Carlton (8) 13.12 (90) d. 8.10 (58) Melbourne Cricket Ground 98,385 000000001962-09-29-000029 September 1962
1963 Geelong (6) Hawthorn 15.19 (109) d. 8.12 (60) Melbourne Cricket Ground 101,452 000000001963-10-05-00005 October 1963
1964 Melbourne 12 !(12) Collingwood 17 !(17) 8.16 (64) d. 8.12 (60) Melbourne Cricket Ground 102,469 000000001964-09-19-000019 September 1964
1965 Essendon 12 !(12) St Kilda (2) 14.21 (105) d. 9.16 (70) Melbourne Cricket Ground 104,846 000000001965-09-25-000025 September 1965
1966 St Kilda Collingwood 18 !(18) 10.14 (74) d. 10.13 (73) Melbourne Cricket Ground 101,655 000000001966-09-24-000024 September 1966
1967 Richmond (6) Geelong (4) 16.18 (114) d. 15.15 (105) Melbourne Cricket Ground 109,396 000000001967-09-23-000023 September 1967
1968 Carlton (9) Essendon 11 !(11) 7.14 (56) d. 8.5 (53) Melbourne Cricket Ground 116,828 000000001968-09-28-000028 September 1968
1969 Richmond (7) Carlton (9) 12.13 (85) d. 8.12 (60) Melbourne Cricket Ground 119,165 000000001969-09-27-000027 September 1969
1970 Carlton 10 !(10) Collingwood 19 !(19) 17.9 (111) d. 14.17 (101) Melbourne Cricket Ground 121,696 000000001970-09-26-000026 September 1970
1971 Hawthorn (2) St Kilda (3) 12.10 (82) d. 11.9 (75) Melbourne Cricket Ground 118,192 000000001971-09-25-000025 September 1971
1972 Carlton 11 !(11) Richmond 11 !(11) 28.9 (177) d. 22.18 (150) Melbourne Cricket Ground 112,393 000000001972-10-07-00007 October 1972
1973 Richmond (8) Carlton 10 !(10) 16.20 (116) d. 12.14 (86) Melbourne Cricket Ground 116,956 000000001973-09-29-000029 September 1973
1974 Richmond (9) North Melbourne (2) 18.20 (128) d. 13.9 (87) Melbourne Cricket Ground 113,839 000000001974-09-28-000028 September 1974
1975 North Melbourne Hawthorn (2) 19.8 (122) d. 9.13 (67) Melbourne Cricket Ground 110,551 000000001975-09-27-000027 September 1975
1976 Hawthorn (3) North Melbourne (3) 13.22 (100) d. 10.10 (70) Melbourne Cricket Ground 110,143 000000001976-09-25-000025 September 1976
1977 North Melbourne (2) Collingwood 20 !(20) 9.22 (76) drew 10.16 (76) Melbourne Cricket Ground 108,224 000000001977-09-24-000024 September 1977
21.25 (151) d. 19.10 (124) Melbourne Cricket Ground 98,366 000000001977-10-01-00001 October 1977
1978 Hawthorn (4) North Melbourne (4) 18.13 (121) d. 15.13 (103) Melbourne Cricket Ground 101,704 000000001978-09-30-000030 September 1978
1979 Carlton 12 !(12) Collingwood 21 !(21) 11.16 (82) d. 11.11 (77) Melbourne Cricket Ground 113,545 000000001979-09-29-000029 September 1979
1980 Richmond 10 !(10) Collingwood 22 !(22) 23.21 (159) d. 9.24 (78) Melbourne Cricket Ground 113,461 000000001980-09-27-000027 September 1980
1981 Carlton 13 !(13) Collingwood 23 !(23) 12.20 (92) d. 10.12 (72) Melbourne Cricket Ground 112,964 000000001981-09-26-000026 September 1981
1982 Carlton 14 !(14) Richmond 12 !(12) 14.19 (103) d. 12.13 (85) Melbourne Cricket Ground 107,537 000000001982-09-25-000025 September 1982
1983 Hawthorn (5) Essendon 12 !(12) 20.20 (140) d. 8.9 (57) Melbourne Cricket Ground 110,332 000000001983-09-24-000024 September 1983
1984 Essendon 13 !(13) Hawthorn (3) 14.21 (105) d. 12.9 (81) Melbourne Cricket Ground 92,685 000000001984-09-29-000029 September 1984
1985 Essendon 14 !(14) Hawthorn (4) 26.14 (170) d. 14.8 (92) Melbourne Cricket Ground 100,042 000000001985-09-28-000028 September 1985
1986 Hawthorn (6) Carlton 10 !(11) 16.14 (110) d. 9.14 (68) Melbourne Cricket Ground 101,861 000000001986-09-27-000027 September 1986
1987 Carlton 15 !(15) Hawthorn (5) 15.14 (104) d. 9.17 (71) Melbourne Cricket Ground 92,754 000000001987-09-26-000026 September 1987
1988 Hawthorn (7) Melbourne (4) 22.20 (152) d. 6.20 (56) Melbourne Cricket Ground 93,754 000000001988-09-24-000024 September 1988
1989 Hawthorn (8) Geelong (5) 21.18 (144) d. 21.12 (138) Melbourne Cricket Ground 94,796 000000001989-09-30-000030 September 1989
Australian Football League name adopted
1990 Collingwood (14) Essendon (13) 13.11 (89) d. 5.11 (41) Melbourne Cricket Ground 98,944 000000001990-10-06-00006 October 1990
1991 Hawthorn (9) West Coast 20.19 (139) d. 13.8 (86) VFL Park 75,230 000000001991-09-28-000028 September 1991
1992 West Coast Geelong (6) 16.17 (113) d. 12.13 (85) Melbourne Cricket Ground 95,007 000000001992-09-26-000026 September 1992
1993 Essendon (15) Carlton (12) 20.13 (133) d. 13.11 (89) Melbourne Cricket Ground 96,862 000000001993-09-25-000025 September 1993
1994 West Coast (2) Geelong (7) 20.23 (143) d. 8.15 (63) Melbourne Cricket Ground 93,860 000000001994-10-01-00001 October 1994
1995 Carlton (16) Geelong (8) 21.15 (141) d. 11.14 (80) Melbourne Cricket Ground 93,670 000000001995-09-30-000030 September 1995
1996 North Melbourne (3) Sydney (9) 19.17 (131) d. 13.10 (88) Melbourne Cricket Ground 93,102 000000001996-09-28-000028 September 1996
1997 Adelaide St Kilda (4) 19.11 (125) d. 13.16 (94) Melbourne Cricket Ground 99,645 000000001997-09-27-000027 September 1997
1998 Adelaide (2) North Melbourne (5) 15.15 (105) d. 8.22 (70) Melbourne Cricket Ground 94,431 000000001998-09-26-000026 September 1998
1999 North Melbourne (4) Carlton (13) 19.10 (124) d. 12.17 (89) Melbourne Cricket Ground 94,228 000000001999-09-25-000025 September 1999
2000 Essendon (16) Melbourne (5) 19.21 (135) d. 11.9 (75) Melbourne Cricket Ground 96,249 000000002000-09-02-00002 September 2000
2001 Brisbane Lions Essendon (14) 15.18 (108) d. 12.10 (82) Melbourne Cricket Ground 91,482 000000002001-09-29-000029 September 2001
2002 Brisbane Lions (2) Collingwood (24) 10.15 (75) d. 9.12 (66) Melbourne Cricket Ground 91,817 000000002002-09-28-000028 September 2002
2003 Brisbane Lions (3) Collingwood (25) 20.14 (134) d. 12.12 (84) Melbourne Cricket Ground 79,451 000000002003-09-27-000027 September 2003
2004 Port Adelaide Brisbane Lions 17.11 (113) d. 10.13 (73) Melbourne Cricket Ground 77,671 000000002004-09-25-000025 September 2004
2005 Sydney (4) West Coast (2) 8.10 (58) d. 7.12 (54) Melbourne Cricket Ground 91,828 000000002005-09-24-000024 September 2005
2006 West Coast (3) Sydney 10 !(10) 12.13 (85) d. 12.12 (84) Melbourne Cricket Ground 97,431 000000002006-09-30-000030 September 2006
2007 Geelong (7) Port Adelaide 24.19 (163) d. 6.8 (44) Melbourne Cricket Ground 97,302 000000002007-09-29-000029 September 2007
2008 Hawthorn 10 !(10) Geelong (9) 18.7 (115) d. 11.23 (89) Melbourne Cricket Ground 100,012 000000002008-09-27-000027 September 2008
2009 Geelong (8) St Kilda (5) 12.8 (80) d. 9.14 (68) Melbourne Cricket Ground 99,251 000000002009-09-26-000026 September 2009
2010 Collingwood (15) St Kilda (6) 9.14 (68) drew 10.8 (68) Melbourne Cricket Ground 100,016 000000002010-09-25-000025 September 2010
16.12 (108) d. 7.10 (52) Melbourne Cricket Ground 93,853 000000002010-10-02-00002 October 2010
2011 Geelong (9) Collingwood (26) 18.11 (119) d. 12.9 (81) Melbourne Cricket Ground 99,537 000000002011-10-01-00001 October 2011
2012 Sydney (5) Hawthorn (6) 14.7 (91) d. 11.15 (81) Melbourne Cricket Ground 99,683 000000002012-09-29-000029 September 2012
2013 Hawthorn (11) Fremantle 11.11 (77) d. 8.14 (62) Melbourne Cricket Ground 100,007 000000002013-09-28-000028 September 2013
2014 Hawthorn (12) Sydney (11) 21.11 (137) d. 11.8 (74) Melbourne Cricket Ground 99,454 000000002014-09-27-000027 September 2014
2015 Hawthorn (13) West Coast (3) 16.11 (107) d. 8.13 (61) Melbourne Cricket Ground 98,633 000000002015-10-03-00003 October 2015
2016 Western Bulldogs (2) Sydney (12) 13.11 (89) d. 10.7 (67) Melbourne Cricket Ground 99,981 000000002016-10-01-00001 October 2016
Minor grade Premierships[edit]
In addition to the seniors, VFL/AFL clubs have competed in premierships at four minor grades:
VFL/AFL Reserves Premierships: 1919-1999.
VFL/AFL Under-19s Premierships: 1946–1991.
AFL Women's Premierships: since 2017.
VFL/AFL Night Premierships: 1956–1971, 1977–2013.
VFL/AFL Reserve Premierships[edit]
The reserve grade premiership was held in various formats between 1919 and 1999. It was known as the Victorian Junior Football League from 1919 until 1923, the Seconds from 1924 until 1959, the VFL Reserves from 1960 until 1989, and as the AFL reserves from 1990 until 1999.[3] Until 1991, the competition was run by the VFL/AFL, and from 1992 until 1999 it was administered by the Victorian State Football League.
Season
Premiers
Runners-up
Score [4]
Venue
Attendance
Date
1919 Collingwood (1) University-A (1) 6.11 (47) d. 4.8 (32) Melbourne Cricket Ground 45,413 (C-R) 000000001919-10-11-000011 October 1919
1920 Collingwood (2) University (2) 7.14 (56) d. 7.2 (44) Melbourne Cricket Ground 53,908 (C-R) 000000001920-10-02-00002 October 1920
1921 Essendon (1) Collingwood (1) 10.9 (69) d. 8.13 (61) Melbourne Cricket Ground 43,122 (C-R) 000000001921-10-15-000015 October 1921
1922 Collingwood (3) Essendon (1) 8.10 (58) d. 1.9 (15) Melbourne Cricket Ground 50,054 (C-R) 000000001922-10-14-000014 October 1922
1923 Geelong (1) Richmond (1) 9.12 (66) d. 5.10 (40) Melbourne Cricket Ground 46,566 (C-R) 000000001923-10-20-000020 October 1923
1924 Geelong (2) Essendon (2) N/A N/A N/A N/A
1925 Collingwood (4) Fitzroy (1) 13.16 (94) d. 11.4 (70) Melbourne Cricket Ground 64,288 (C-R) 000000001925-10-10-000010 October 1925
1926 Carlton (1) Geelong (1) 14.11 (95) d. 5.13 (43) Melbourne Cricket Ground 59,632 (C-R) 000000001926-10-09-00009 October 1926
1927 Carlton (2) South Melbourne (1) 12.22 (94) d. 11.9 (75) Melbourne Cricket Ground 34,551 (C-R) 000000001927-10-01-00001 October 1927
1928 Carlton (3) Geelong (2) 18.18 (126) d. 14.11 (95) Melbourne Cricket Ground 50,026 (C-R) 000000001928-09-29-000029 September 1928
1929 Richmond (1) Geelong (3) 12.8 (80) d. 7.15 (57) Melbourne Cricket Ground 63,336 (C-R) 000000001929-09-28-000028 September 1929
1930 Geelong (3) Richmond (2) 14.12 (96) d. 11. (74) Melbourne Cricket Ground 45,022 (C-R) 000000001930-10-11-000011 October 1930
1931 Melbourne (1) Geelong (4) 8.13 (61) d. 8.5 (53) Melbourne Cricket Ground 60,712 (C-R) 000000001931-10-10-000010 October 1931
1932 Melbourne (2) Essendon (3) 8.12 (60) d. 4.10 (34) Melbourne Cricket Ground 69,724 (C-R) 000000001932-10-01-00001 October 1932
1933 Melbourne (3) St Kilda (1) 10.15 (75) d. 10.14 (74) Melbourne Cricket Ground 75,754 (C-R) 000000001933-09-30-000030 September 1933
1934 Melbourne (4) Geelong (5) 15.18 (108) d. 12.4 (76) Melbourne Cricket Ground 65,335 (C-R) 000000001934-10-13-000013 October 1934
1935 Melbourne (5) Geelong (6) 12.11 (83) d. 9.6 (60) Melbourne Cricket Ground 54,154 (C-R) 000000001935-10-05-00005 October 1935
1936 Footscray (1) Melbourne (1) 15.11 (101) d. 6.14 (50) Melbourne Cricket Ground 74,091 (C-R) 000000001936-10-03-00003 October 1936
1937 Geelong (4) Collingwood (2) 12.12 (84) d. 9.11 (65) Melbourne Cricket Ground 88,540 (C-R) 000000001937-09-25-000025 September 1937
1938 Geelong (5) Footscray (1) 12.19 (91) d. 12.8 (80) Melbourne Cricket Ground 96,486 (C-R) 000000001938-09-24-000024 September 1938
1939 Melbourne (6) Richmond (2) 22.12 (144) d. 17.13 (115) Melbourne Cricket Ground 78,110 (C-R) 000000001939-09-30-000030 September 1939
1940 Collingwood (5) Carlton (1) 6.16 (52) d. 3.12 (30) Melbourne Cricket Ground 70,330 (C-R) 000000001940-09-28-000028 September 1940
1941 Essendon (2) Fitzroy (2) 12.16 (88) d.9.17 (71) Melbourne Cricket Ground 79,687 (C-R) 000000001941-09-27-000027 September 1941
1942 St Kilda (1) Fitzroy (3) 13.10 (88) d. 7.15 (57) Princes Park 49,000 (C-R) 000000001942-09-19-000019 September 1942
1943 St Kilda (2) Fitzroy (4) 11.14 (80) d. 8.6 (54) Princes Park 42,100 (C-R) 000000001943-09-25-000025 September 1943
1944 Fitzroy (1) Collingwood (3) 11.12 (78) d. 9.9 (63) Junction Oval 43,000 (C-R) 000000001944-09-30-000030 September 1944
1945 Footscray (2) Fitzroy (5) 9.16 (70) d. 9.3 (57) Princes Park 62,986 (C-R) 000000001945-09-29-000029 September 1945
1946 Richmond (2) Fitzroy (6) 7.15 (57) d. 7.14 (56) Melbourne Cricket Ground 73,743 (C-R) 000000001946-10-05-00005 October 1946
1947 North Melbourne (1) Richmond (3) 16.13 (109) d. 14.10 (94) Melbourne Cricket Ground 85,815 (C-R) 000000001947-09-27-000027 September 1947
1948 Geelong (6) Richmond (4) 17.12 (114) d. 12.9 (81) Melbourne Cricket Ground 85,658 (C-R) 000000001948-10-02-00002 October 1948
1949 Melbourne (7) Essendon (4) 17.10 (112) d. 9.14 (68) Melbourne Cricket Ground 90,453 (C-R) 000000001949-09-24-000024 September 1949
1950 Essendon (3)
1951 Carlton (4)
1952 Essendon (4)
1953 Carlton (5)
1954 Richmond (3)
1955 Richmond (4)
1956 Melbourne (8)
1957 North Melbourne (2)
1958 Hawthorn (1)
1959 Hawthorn (2)
1960 Geelong (7)
1961 St Kilda (3)
1962 Footscray (3)
1963 Geelong (8)
1964 Geelong (9)
1965 Collingwood (6)
1966 Richmond (5)
1967 North Melbourne (3)
1968 Essendon (5)
1969 Melbourne (9)
1970 Melbourne (10)
1971 Richmond (6)
1972 Hawthorn (3)
1973 Richmond (7)
1974 Fitzroy (2)
1975 Geelong (10)
1976 Collingwood (7)
1977 Richmond (8)
1978 North Melbourne (4)
1979 North Melbourne (5)
1980 Geelong (11)
1981 Geelong (12)
1982 Geelong (13)
1983 Essendon (6)
1984 Melbourne (11)
1985 Hawthorn (4)
1986 Carlton (6)
1987 Carlton (7)
1988 Footscray (4)
1989 Fitzroy (3)
1990 Carlton (8)
1991 Brisbane Bears (1)
1992 Essendon (7)[5]
1993 Melbourne (12)[6]
1994 Footscray (5)[7]
1995 North Melbourne (6)[8]
1996 North Melbourne (7)[9]
1997 Richmond (9)[10]
1998 Western Bulldogs (6)[11]
1999 Essendon (8)[12]
Source where unlisted[13]
VFL/AFL Under-19s Premierships[edit]
The VFL/AFL's Under-19s competition was held between 1946 and 1991. It was known as the VFL Thirds until 1959, and as the Under-19s thereafter.[3]
Season
Premiers
Runners-up
Score [14]
Venue
Attendance
Date
1946 North Melbourne (1) Carlton (1) 11.9 (75) d. 5.12 (42) Melbourne Cricket Ground 73,743 (C-R) 000000001946-10-05-00005 October 1946
1947 Melbourne (1) North Melbourne (1) 12.13 (85) d. 11.7 (73) Melbourne Cricket Ground 85,815 (C-R) 000000001947-09-27-000027 September 1947
1948 Carlton (1) Essendon (1) 6.10 (46) d. 5.6 (36) Melbourne Cricket Ground 85,658 (C-R) 000000001948-10-02-00002 October 1948
1949 Carlton (2) Geelong (1) 9.8 (62) d. 7.9 (51) Melbourne Cricket Ground 90,453 (C-R) 000000001949-09-24-000024 September 1949
1950 Essendon (1)
1951 Carlton (3)
1952 Essendon (2)
1953 Melbourne (2)
1954 Footscray (1)
1955 Fitzroy (1)
1956 South Melbourne (1)
1957 St Kilda (1)
1958 Richmond (1)
1959 Essendon (3)
1960 Collingwood (1)
1961 Essendon (4)
1962 Geelong (1)
1963 Carlton (4)
1964 Melbourne (3)
1965 Collingwood (2)
1966 Essendon (5)
1967 Richmond (2)
1968 Richmond (3)
1969 Richmond (4)
1970 Richmond (5)
1971 Melbourne (4)
1972 Hawthorn (1)
1973 Richmond (6)
1974 Collingwood (3)
1975 Richmond (7)
1976 North Melbourne (2)
1977 Richmond (8)
1978 Carlton (5)
1979 Carlton (6)
1980 Richmond (9)
1981 Melbourne (5)
1982 Fitzroy (2)
1983 Melbourne (6)
1984 North Melbourne (3)
1985 Richmond (10)
1986 Collingwood (4)
1987 North Melbourne (4)
1988 North Melbourne (5)
1989 Richmond (11)
1990 North Melbourne (6)
1991 North Melbourne (7)
Source[13]
AFL Women's Premierships[edit]
The AFL Women's competition commenced in 2017 after 4 years of exhibition games. Today the league features eight AFL clubs women’s teams, with plans to expand in 2019.
Season
Premiers
Runners-up
Score
Venue
Attendance
Date
2017 Adelaide (1) Brisbane Lions (1) 4.11 (35) d. 4.5 (29) Metricon Stadium 15,610 000000002017-03-25-000025 March 2017
VFL/AFL Night Premierships[edit]
The pre-season and night premiership covers three competitions which are considered historically equivalent in status:
VFL Night Series, a consolation competition played amongst non-finalists between 1956 and 1971.
Australian Football Championships Night Series, a mid-season knock-out competition played concurrently with the premiership and involving teams from interstate, played between 1977 and 1987.
Australian Football League pre-season competition, played before each season from 1988 until 2013.
For a list of premiers in these competitions, see list of Australian Football League pre-season and night series premiers.
Senior Premiership stats[edit]
Premierships by team[edit]
This table summarises all senior premierships won by each team. The "Grand Final Matches" column includes all grand finals and grand final replays listed in the previous section, and because of this, the column will not necessarily equal the sum of the premierships and runners-up columns.
Club
Premierships
Runners-up
Grand final matches*
Premiership years
Runner-up years
Years since last Premiership
Essendon 16 14 29† 1897, 1901, 1911, 1912, 1923, 1924, 1942, 1946, 1949, 1950, 1962, 1965, 1984, 1985, 1993, 2000 1898, 1902, 1908, 1941, 1943, 1947, 1948, 1951, 1957, 1959, 1968, 1983, 1990, 2001 16
Carlton 16 13 29 1906, 1907, 1908, 1914, 1915, 1938, 1945, 1947, 1968, 1970, 1972, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1987, 1995 1904, 1909, 1910, 1916, 1921, 1932, 1949, 1962, 1969, 1973, 1986, 1993, 1999 21
Collingwood 15 26 43† 1902, 1903, 1910, 1917, 1919, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1935, 1936, 1953, 1958, 1990, 2010 1901, 1905, 1911, 1915, 1918, 1920, 1922, 1925, 1926, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1952, 1955, 1956, 1960, 1964, 1966, 1970, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1981, 2002, 2003, 2011 6
Hawthorn 13 6 19 1961, 1971, 1976, 1978, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2015 1963, 1975, 1984, 1985, 1987, 2012 1
Melbourne 12 5 18† 1900, 1926, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1948, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1964 1946, 1954, 1958, 1988, 2000 52
Richmond 10 12 21† 1920, 1921, 1932, 1934, 1943, 1967, 1969, 1973, 1974, 1980 1919, 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1933, 1940, 1942, 1944, 1972, 1982 36
Geelong 9 9 17† 1925, 1931, 1937, 1951, 1952, 1963, 2007, 2009, 2011 1897, 1930, 1953, 1967, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1995, 2008 5
Fitzroy (1897–1996) 8 5 13 1898, 1899, 1904, 1905, 1913, 1916, 1922, 1944 1900, 1903, 1906, 1917, 1923 –
Sydney Swans !Sydney / South Melbourne (1897–1981) 5 12 17 1909, 1918, 1933, 2005, 2012 1899, 1907, 1912, 1914, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1945, 1996, 2006, 2014, 2016 4
North Melbourne 4 5 10† 1975, 1977, 1996, 1999 1950, 1974, 1976, 1978, 1998 17
West Coast 3 3 6 1992, 1994, 2006 1991, 2005, 2015 10
Brisbane Lions 3 1 4 2001, 2002, 2003 2004 13
Western Bulldogs !Western Bulldogs / Footscray (1925–1996) 2 1 3 1954, 2016 1961 0
Adelaide 2 0 2 1997, 1998 18
St Kilda 1 6 8† 1966 1913, 1965, 1971, 1997, 2009, 2010 50
Port Adelaide 1 1 2 2004 2007 12
Fremantle 0 1 1 2013
University (1908–1914) 0 0 0
Brisbane Bears (1987–1996) 0 0 0
Gold Coast 0 0 0
Greater Western Sydney 0 0 0
Table correct to the end of the 2016 season
† Grand final matches is adjusted for the following reasons:
Essendon - includes 1948 replay, and excludes the 1897 and 1924 seasons in which no grand finals were held.
Collingwood - includes the 1977 and 2010 replays.
Melbourne - includes 1948 replay.
Richmond - excludes the 1924 season in which no grand final was held.
Geelong - excludes the 1897 season in which no grand final was held.
North Melbourne - includes the 1977 replay.
St Kilda - includes the 2010 replay.
Premiership frequency[edit]
Club
Years in competition
Seasons
Premierships
Runners-up
Percentage of premierships won
Average years
Based by seasons in comp
per premiership
per grand final
Brisbane Lions 1997–2016 20 3 1 15.00% 6.67 5.00
Hawthorn 1925–2016 92 13 6 14.13% 7.14 4.86
Essendon 1897–1915, 1918–2016 118 16 14 13.56% 7.37 3.93
Carlton 1897–2016 120 16 13 13.33% 7.50 4.14
Collingwood 1897–2016 120 15 26 12.50% 8.00 2.93
Melbourne 1897–1915, 1919–2016 117 12 5 10.26% 9.75 6.88
West Coast 1987–2016 30 3 3 10.00% 10.00 6.00
Richmond 1908–2016 109 10 12 9.17% 10.90 4.95
Fitzroy 1897–1996 100 8 5 8.00% 12.50 7.69
Geelong 1897–1915, 1917–1941, 1944–2016 117 9 9 7.69% 13.00 6.50
Adelaide 1991–2016 26 2 0 7.69% 13.00 13.00
Port Adelaide 1997–2016 20 1 1 5.00% 20.00 10.00
North Melbourne 1925–2016 92 4 5 4.35% 23.00 10.22
Sydney 1897–2016 119 5 12 4.20% 23.80 7.00
Western Bulldogs 1925–2016 92 2 1 2.17% 46.00 30.67
St Kilda 1897–1915, 1918–2016 118 1 6 0.85% 118.00 16.85
Fremantle 1995–2016 22 0 1 – – 22.00
Greater Western Sydney 2012–2016 5 0 0 – – –
Gold Coast 2011–2016 6 0 0 – – –
University 1908–1914 7 0 0 – – –
Brisbane Bears 1987–1996 10 0 0 – – –
Longest premiership droughts[edit]
+ Drought began upon club's entry to league
† Drought ended upon club's exit from league
— Current drought
Club
Seasons*
Start
End
Grand final appearances during drought
Sydney 72 1933 2005 1934, 1935, 1936, 1945, 1996
St Kilda 68a 1897+ 1966 1913, 1965
Western Bulldogs 62 1954 2016 1961
Melbourne 52 1964 — 1988, 2000
Fitzroy 52 1944 1996†
North Melbourne 51 1925+ 1975 1950, 1974
St Kilda 50 1966 — 1971, 1997, 2009, 2010, 2010 replay
Geelong 44 1963 2007 1967, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1995
Hawthorn 37 1925+ 1961
Richmond 36 1980 — 1982
Collingwood 32 1958 1990 1960, 1964, 1966, 1970, 1977, 1977 replay, 1979, 1980, 1981
*The duration of the drought is given as the number of full seasons contested between premierships; the season in which the drought is broken is considered to be part of the drought.
a St Kilda did not contest the 1916 and 1917 seasons; the duration of this drought was either 68 contested seasons, or 70 calendar years.
Table correct to the end of the 2016 season
Consecutive premierships[edit]
The most VFL/AFL premierships won consecutively is four, achieved only once, by Collingwood (1927–1930). Teams have won three premierships in a row on a further five occasions, and back-to-back premierships have been won on a further seventeen occasions.
#
Club
Years
4 Collingwood 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930
3 Carlton 1906, 1907, 1908
Melbourne 1939, 1940, 1941
Melbourne 1955, 1956, 1957
Brisbane Lions 2001, 2002, 2003
Hawthorn 2013, 2014, 2015
2 Fitzroy 1898, 1899
Collingwood 1902, 1903
Fitzroy 1904, 1905
Essendon 1911, 1912
Carlton 1914, 1915
Richmond 1920, 1921
Essendon 1923, 1924
Collingwood 1935, 1936
Essendon 1949, 1950
Geelong 1951, 1952
Melbourne 1959, 1960
Richmond 1973, 1974
Carlton 1981, 1982
Essendon 1984, 1985
Hawthorn 1988, 1989
Adelaide 1997, 1998
Table correct to the end of the 2016 season
Consecutive grand finals[edit]
The most consecutive years in which a club has featured in the VFL/AFL grand final is seven, achieved by Melbourne and Hawthorn.
#
Club
Years
Win/loss
7 Melbourne 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960 L, W, W, W, L, W, W
Hawthorn 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989 W, L, L, W, L, W, W
6 Collingwood 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930 L, L, W, W, W, W
Essendon 1946, 1947, 1948 1, 1949, 1950, 1951 W, L, L, W, W, L
5 Carlton 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910 W, W, W, L, L
Collingwood 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939 W, W, L, L, L
North Melbourne 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977 2 , 1978 L, W, L, W, L
4 Fitzroy 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906 L, W, W, L
Collingwood 1917, 1918, 1919, 1920 W, L, W, L
Richmond 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934 L, W, L, W
South Melbourne 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936 W, L, L, L
Brisbane Lions 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 W, W, W, L
Hawthorn 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 L, W, W, W
3 Fitzroy 1898, 1899, 1900 W, W, L
Collingwood 1901, 1902, 1903 L, W, W
Carlton 1914, 1915, 1916 W, W, L
Richmond 1919, 1920, 1921 L, W, W
Richmond 1927, 1928, 1929 L, L, L
Melbourne 1939, 1940, 1941 W, W, W
Essendon 1941, 1942, 1943 L, W, L
Richmond 1942, 1943, 1944 L, W, L
Geelong 1951, 1952, 1953 W, W, L
Carlton 1968, 1969, 1970 W, L, W
Richmond 1972, 1973, 1974 L, W, W
Collingwood 1979, 1980, 1981 L, L, L
Essendon 1983, 1984, 1985 L, W, W
Geelong 2007, 2008, 2009 W, L, W
1 Essendon drew the grand final, and lost the replay to Melbourne.
2 North Melbourne drew the grand final, and defeated Collingwood in the replay.
Table correct to the end of the 2016 season
Premierships at all levels[edit]
Club
Seniors
Reserves
Under 19s
Women's
Night
Total
Essendon 16 8 5 – 6
35
Carlton 16 8 6 0 4
34
Melbourne 12 12 6 0 3
33
Richmond 10 9 11 – 1
31
Collingwood 15 7 4 0 2
28
Hawthorn 13 4 1 – 9
27
Geelong 9 13 1 – 3
26
North Melbourne 4 7 7 – 5
23
Fitzroy 8 3 2 – 2
15
Western Bulldogs / Footscray (1925–1996) 2 6 1 0 4
13
Sydney / South Melbourne (1897–1981) 5 0 1 – 4
10
St Kilda 1 3 1 – 4
9
Adelaide 2 – – 1 2
5
Brisbane Lions 3 – – 0 1
4
West Coast 3 – – – 0
3
Port Adelaide 1 – – – 2
3
Brisbane Bears 0 1 – – 0
1
Fremantle 0 – – 0 0
0
Gold Coast 0 – – – 0
0
Greater Western Sydney 0 – – 0 0
0
University 0 0 – – –
0
Table correct to the end of the 2017 AFL Women's season.
Premierships across multiple grades in a season[edit]
On only two occasions did a club win premierships in three grades in a single year. During the years that it was achievable, no club ever won premiership in all four grades.
Season
Club
Seniors
Reserves
Under-19s
Women's
Night
Total
1950 VFL season Essendon
N/A
N/A
3/3
1951 VFL season Carlton
N/A
N/A
2/3
1952 VFL season Essendon
N/A
N/A
2/3
1956 VFL season South Melbourne
N/A

[note 1]
2/4
1965 VFL season Collingwood
N/A
N/A
[note 2]
2/3
1971 VFL season Melbourne
N/A

[note 3]
2/4
1972 VFL season Hawthorn
N/A
N/A
2/3
1973 VFL season Richmond
N/A
N/A
3/3
1977 VFL season Richmond
N/A
2/4
1984 VFL season Essendon
N/A
2/4
1985 VFL season Hawthorn
N/A
2/4
1986 VFL season Hawthorn
N/A
2/4
1988 VFL season Hawthorn
N/A
2/4
1991 AFL season Hawthorn
N/A
2/4
1993 AFL season Essendon
N/A
N/A
2/3
1995 AFL season North Melbourne
N/A
N/A
2/3
2000 AFL season Essendon
N/A
N/A
N/A
2/2
2009 AFL season Geelong
N/A
N/A
N/A
2/2
Table correct to the end of the 2017 AFL Women's season.
Australian Football League reserves affiliation premierships (2000-present)[edit]
See also: Australian Football League reserves affiliations
Brisbane Lions: 3
Queensland Australian Football League - 2001. (as "Lion Cubs")
North East Australian Football League - 2012, 2013, 2017.
Collingwood: 1
Victorian Football League - 2003. (with affiliation club "Williamstown")
Fremantle Dockers: 1
West Australian Football League - 2016. (with affiliation club "Peel Thunder")
Geelong: 3
Victorian Football League - 2002, 2007, 2012.
Greater Western Sydney Giants: 1
North East Australian Football League - 2016. (as "Western Sydney University Giants")
Hawthorn: 2
Victorian Football League - 2001, 2013. (with affiliation club "Box Hill")
Melbourne: 4
Victorian Football League - 2000, 2004, 2005, 2006. (with affiliation club "Sandringham")
North Melbourne: 3
Victorian Football League - 2008, 2009, 2010. (with affiliation club "North Ballarat")
Sydney Swans: 4
AFL Canberra - 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008.
West Coast Eagles: 2
West Australian Football League - 2000, 2002. (with affiliation club "East Perth")
Western Bulldogs: 2
Victorian Football League - 2014, 2016. (as "Footscray Bulldogs")
See also[edit]
List of Australian Football League premiership captains and coaches
List of Australian Football League pre-season and night series premiers
List of Australian Football League wooden spoons
AFL Grand Final
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "1956 VFL Night Series Competition " was only for the teams who missed the finals (5th to 12th on ladder).
Jump up ^ "1965 VFL Night Series Competition " was only for the teams who missed the finals (5th to 12th on ladder).
Jump up ^ "1971 VFL Night Series Competition " was only for the teams who missed the finals (5th to 12th on ladder).
References[edit]
Jump up ^ NAB AFL Draft Archived 2008-07-25 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ An object lesson in the perils of hindsight
^ Jump up to: a b "New name likely for thirds". The Sun News-Pictorial. Melbourne, VIC. 2 April 1960. p. 66.
Jump up ^ "The Complete Book Of VFL Records", (1986), Compileld by Stephhen Rodgers, ISBN 1-86252-802-0
Jump up ^ Michael Lovett (27 September 1992). "Daniher bows out in triumph". The Sunday Age (Sport Liftout). Melbourne, VIC. p. 19.
Jump up ^ Linda Pearce (26 September 1993). "Demons finally haul in premiership flag". The Sunday Age (Sport Liftout). Melbourne, VIC. p. 17.
Jump up ^ Gerard Wright (2 October 1994). "Dogs upstage fading North". The Sunday Age (Sport Liftout). Melbourne, VIC. p. 8.
Jump up ^ "Roos' turn to celebrate". The Sunday Age (Sport Liftout). 1 October 1995. p. 13.
Jump up ^ Alistair Ogilvie (29 September 1996). "Roos run away in reserves". Herald Sun. p. 58.
Jump up ^ Glenn Connley (28 September 1997). "By Gieschen, he's good". Sunday Herald Sun Sports Liftout. p. 11.
Jump up ^ "Sport scoreboard". The Age. 28 September 1998. p. 18.
Jump up ^ Howard Leigh (26 September 1999). "Bombers blitz". Sunday Herald Sun Sports Liftout. p. 22.
^ Jump up to: a b Stephen Rodgers (1992), Every Game Ever Played – VFL/AFL results 1897–1991 (3rd ed.), Viking O'Neil
Jump up ^ "The Complete Book Of VFL Records", (1986), Compileld by Stephhen Rodgers, ISBN 1-86252-802-0
Sources[edit]
Australian Football League
Full Points Footy
AFL Tables
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Windows Server 2012
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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server operating system by Microsoft released in 2012
Windows Server 2012
A version of the Windows NT operating system
Windows Server 2012 Start screen
Developer
Microsoft
Source model
Closed-source
Source-available (through Shared Source Initiative)
Released to
manufacturing
August 1, 2012; 6 years ago (2012-08-01)
General
availability
September 4, 2012; 5 years ago (2012-09-04)[1]
Latest release
R2 6.3 (Build 9600) / October 17, 2013; 4 years ago (2013-10-17)[2]
Update method
Windows Update, Windows Server Update Services, SCCM
Platforms
x64
Kernel type
Hybrid
License
Commercial proprietary software
Preceded by
Windows Server 2008 R2 (2009)
Succeeded by
Windows Server 2012 R2 (2013)
Official website
www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/windows-server/default.aspx
Support status
Start date: October 30, 2012[3]
Mainstream support: Until October 9, 2018
Extended support: Until October 10, 2023
Windows Server 2012, codenamed "Windows Server 8",[4] is the sixth release of Windows Server. It is the server version of Windows 8 and succeeds Windows Server 2008 R2. Two pre-release versions, a developer preview and a beta version, were released during development. The software was generally available to customers starting on September 4, 2012.[5]
Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server 2012 has no support for Itanium-based computers,[6] and has four editions. Various features were added or improved over Windows Server 2008 R2 (with many placing an emphasis on cloud computing), such as an updated version of Hyper-V, an IP address management role, a new version of Windows Task Manager, and ReFS, a new file system. Windows Server 2012 received generally good reviews in spite of having included the same controversial Metro-based user interface seen in Windows 8.
The successor to Windows Server 2012, called Windows Server 2012 R2, was released along with Windows 8.1 in October 2013. A service pack, formally designated Windows Server 2012 R2 Update, was released in April 2014.[7][8]
Contents
1 History
2 Features
2.1 Installation options
2.2 User interface
2.3 Task Manager
2.4 IP address management (IPAM)
2.5 Active Directory
2.6 Hyper-V
2.7 ReFS
2.8 IIS 8.0
2.9 Scalability
3 System requirements
4 Editions
5 Reception
6 Windows Server 2012 R2
6.1 Changes from Windows Server 2012
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
History[edit]
Windows Server 2012, codenamed "Windows Server 8",[4] is the sixth release of Windows Server family of operating systems developed concurrently with Windows 8.[9][10] It was not until April 17, 2012 that the company announced that the final product name would be "Windows Server 2012".[4]
Microsoft introduced Windows Server 2012 and its developer preview in the BUILD 2011 conference on September 9, 2011.[11] However, unlike Windows 8, the developer preview of Windows Server 2012 was only made available to MSDN subscribers.[12] It included a graphical user interface (GUI) based on Metro design language and a new Server Manager, a graphical application used for server management.[13] On February 16, 2012, Microsoft released an update for developer preview build that extended its expiry date from April 8, 2012 to January 15, 2013.[14]
Before Windows Server 2012 was finalized, two test builds were made public. A public beta version of Windows Server 2012 was released along with the Windows 8 Consumer Preview on February 29, 2012.[9] The release candidate of Windows Server 2012 was released on May 31, 2012, along with the Windows 8 Release Preview.[10]
The product was released to manufacturing on August 1, 2012 and became generally available on September 4, 2012.[5] However, not all editions of Windows Server 2012 were released at the same time. Windows Server 2012 Essentials was released to manufacturing on October 9, 2012[15] and was made generally available on November 1, 2012.[16] As of September 23, 2012, all students subscribed to DreamSpark program can download Windows Server 2012 Standard or Datacenter free of charge.[17]
Features[edit]
See also: Features new to Windows 8
Installation options[edit]
Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server 2012 can switch between "Server Core" and "Server with a GUI" installation options without a full reinstallation. Server Core – an option with a command-line interface only – is now the recommended configuration. There is also a third installation option that allows some GUI elements such as MMC and Server Manager to run, but without the normal desktop, shell or default programs like File Explorer.[13]
User interface[edit]
Server Manager has been redesigned with an emphasis on easing management of multiple servers.[18] The operating system, like Windows 8, uses the Metro-based user interface unless installed in Server Core mode.[19] Windows Store is available in this version of Windows but is not installed by default.[20] Windows PowerShell in this version has over 2300 commandlets, compared to around 200 in Windows Server 2008 R2.[21]
Task Manager[edit]
Main article: Windows Task Manager
Windows Server 2012 includes a new version of Windows Task Manager together with the old version.[22] In the new version the tabs are hidden by default, showing applications only. In the new Processes tab, the processes are displayed in varying shades of yellow, with darker shades representing heavier resource use.[23] It lists application names and status, as well as CPU, memory, hard disk and network utilization. The process information found in the older versions are now moved to the new Details tab. The Performance tab shows "CPU", "Memory", "Disk", "Wi-Fi" and "Ethernet" graphs. The CPU tab no longer displays individual graphs for every logical processor on the system by default, although that remains an option. Additionally, it can display data for each non-uniform memory access (NUMA) node. When displaying data for each logical processor for machines with more than 64 logical processors, the CPU tab now displays simple utilization percentages on heat-mapping tiles.[24] The color used for these heat maps is blue, with darker shades again indicating heavier utilization. Hovering the cursor over any logical processor's data now shows the NUMA node of that processor and its ID, if applicable. Additionally, a new Startup tab has been added that lists startup applications,[25] however this tab does not exist in Windows Server 2012.[26] The new task manager recognizes when a Windows Store app has the "Suspended" status.
IP address management (IPAM)[edit]
Windows Server 2012 has an IP address management role for discovering, monitoring, auditing, and managing the IP address space used on a corporate network. The IPAM is used for the management and monitoring of Domain Name System (DNS) and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers. Both IPv4 and IPv6 are fully supported.[27]
Active Directory[edit]
Windows Server 2012 has a number of changes to Active Directory from the version shipped with Windows Server 2008 R2. The Active Directory Domain Services installation wizard has been replaced by a new section in Server Manager, and a GUI has been added to the Active Directory Recycle Bin.[28] Multiple password policies can be set in the same domain.[29] Active Directory in Windows Server 2012 is now aware of any changes resulting from virtualization, and virtualized domain controllers can be safely cloned. Upgrades of the domain functional level to Windows Server 2012 are simplified; it can be performed entirely in Server Manager. Active Directory Federation Services is no longer required to be downloaded when installed as a role, and claims which can be used by the Active Directory Federation Services have been introduced into the Kerberos token. Windows Powershell commands used by Active Directory Administrative Center can be viewed in a "Powershell History Viewer".[30][31]
Hyper-V[edit]
Windows Server 2012, along with Windows 8, includes a new version of Hyper-V,[32] as presented at the Microsoft BUILD event.[33] Many new features have been added to Hyper-V, including network virtualization, multi-tenancy, storage resource pools, cross-premises connectivity, and cloud backup. Additionally, many of the former restrictions on resource consumption have been greatly lifted. Each virtual machine in this version of Hyper-V can access up to 64 virtual processors, up to 1 terabyte of memory, and up to 64 terabytes of virtual disk space per virtual hard disk (using a new .vhdx format).[34][35] Up to 1024 virtual machines can be active per host, and up to 8000 can be active per failover cluster.[36] SLAT is a required processor feature for Hyper-V on Windows 8, while for Windows Server 2012 it is only required for the supplementary RemoteFX role.[37]
ReFS[edit]
Main article: ReFS
Resilient File System (ReFS),[38] codenamed "Protogon",[39] is a new file system in Windows Server 2012 initially intended for file servers that improves on NTFS in some respects. Major new features of ReFS include:[40][41]
Improved reliability for on-disk structures
ReFS uses B+ trees[40] for all on-disk structures including metadata and file data. Metadata and file data are organized into tables similar to a relational database. The file size, number of files in a folder, total volume size and number of folders in a volume are limited by 64-bit numbers; as a result ReFS supports a maximum file size of 16 exabytes, a maximum of 18.4 × 1018 folders and a maximum volume size of 1 yottabyte (with 64 KB clusters) which allows large scalability with no practical limits on file and folder size (hardware restrictions still apply). Free space is counted by a hierarchical allocator which includes three separate tables for large, medium, and small chunks. File names and file paths are each limited to a 32 KB Unicode text string.
Built-in resilience
ReFS employs an allocation-on-write update strategy for metadata,[40] which allocates new chunks for every update transaction and uses large IO batches. All ReFS metadata has built-in 64-bit checksums which are stored independently. The file data can have an optional checksum in a separate "integrity stream", in which case the file update strategy also implements allocation-on-write; this is controlled by a new "integrity" attribute applicable to both files and directories. If nevertheless file data or metadata becomes corrupt, the file can be deleted without taking the whole volume offline. As a result of built-in resiliency, administrators do not need to periodically run error-checking tools such as CHKDSK when using ReFS.
Compatibility with existing APIs and technologies
ReFS does not require new system APIs and most file system filters continue to work with ReFS volumes.[40] ReFS supports many existing Windows and NTFS features such as BitLocker encryption, Access Control Lists, USN Journal, change notifications,[42] symbolic links, junction points, mount points, reparse points, volume snapshots, file IDs, and oplock. ReFS seamlessly[40] integrates with Storage Spaces, a storage virtualization layer that allows data mirroring and striping, as well as sharing storage pools between machines.[43] ReFS resiliency features enhance the mirroring feature provided by Storage Spaces and can detect whether any mirrored copies of files become corrupt using background data scrubbing process, which periodically reads all mirror copies and verifies their checksums then replaces bad copies with good ones.
Some NTFS features are not supported in ReFS, including object IDs, short names, file compression, file level encryption (EFS), user data transactions, hard links, extended attributes, and disk quotas.[39][40] Sparse files are supported.[44][45] Support for named streams is not implemented in Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012, though it was later added in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2.[46] ReFS does not itself offer data deduplication.[40] Dynamic disks with mirrored or striped volumes are replaced with mirrored or striped storage pools provided by Storage Spaces. In Windows Server 2012, automated error-correction with integrity streams is only supported on mirrored spaces; automatic recovery on parity spaces was added in Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2.[46] Booting from ReFS is not supported either.
IIS 8.0[edit]
Windows Server 2012 includes version 8.0 of Internet Information Services (IIS). The new version contains new features such as SNI, CPU usage caps for particular websites,[47] centralized management of SSL certificates, WebSocket support and improved support for NUMA, but few other substantial changes were made.[48]
Scalability[edit]
Windows Server 2012 supports the following maximum hardware specifications.[35][49] Windows Server 2012 improves over its predecessor Windows Server 2008 R2:
Specification
Windows Server 2012
Windows Server 2008 R2
Physical processors[a] 64 64
Logical processors
when Hyper-V is disabled 640 256
Logical processors
when Hyper-V is enabled 320[b] 64
Memory 4 TB 2 TB
Failover cluster nodes (in any single cluster) 64 16
System requirements[edit]
Minimum system requirements for Windows Server 2012[51]
Processor
1.4 GHz, x64
Memory
512 MB
Free disk space
32 GB (more if there is at least 16 GB of RAM)
Windows Server 2012 runs only on x64 processors. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Server 2012 does not support Itanium.[6]
Upgrades from Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 are supported, although upgrades from prior releases are not.[51]
Editions[edit]
Windows Server 2012 has four editions: Foundation, Essentials, Standard and Datacenter.[52][53][54][55][49]
Specifications
Foundation[56]
Essentials
Standard
Datacenter
Distribution
OEM only Retail, volume licensing, OEM Retail, volume licensing, OEM Volume licensing and OEM
Licensing model
Per server Per server Per CPU pair[c] + CAL[d] Per CPU pair[c] + CAL[d]
Processor chip limit[49]
1 2 64[e] 64[e]
Memory limit
32 GB 64 GB 4 TB 4 TB
User limit
15 25 Unlimited Unlimited
File sharing limits
1 standalone DFS root 1 standalone DFS root Unlimited Unlimited
Network Policy and Access Services limits
50 RRAS connections and 10 IAS connections 250 RRAS connections, 50 IAS connections, and 2 IAS Server Groups Unlimited Unlimited
Remote Desktop Services limits
50 Remote Desktop Services connections Gateway only Unlimited Unlimited
Virtualization rights
N/A Either in 1 VM or 1 physical server, but not both at once 2 VMs[c] Unlimited
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Active Directory Federation Services
Yes[57] Yes Yes Yes
Active Directory Rights Management Services
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Application server role
Yes Partial Yes Yes
DHCP role
Yes Yes Yes Yes
DNS server role
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Fax server role
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Print and document services
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Server Manager
Yes Yes Yes Yes
UDDI services
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Web services (Internet Information Services)
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Windows Deployment Services
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Windows Powershell
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Active Directory Domain Services
Must be root of forest and domain Yes Yes Yes
Active Directory Certificate Services
Certificate Authorities only Certificate Authorities only Yes Yes
Hyper-V
No R2 onwards Yes Yes
Server Core mode
No No Yes Yes
Windows Server Update Services
No No Yes Yes
Reception[edit]
Reviews of Windows Server 2012 have been generally positive.[58][59][60] Simon Bisson of ZDNet described it as "ready for the datacenter, today,"[58] while Tim Anderson of The Register said that "The move towards greater modularity, stronger automation and improved virtualisation makes perfect sense in a world of public and private clouds" but remarked that "That said, the capability of Windows to deliver obscure and time-consuming errors is unchanged" and concluded that "Nevertheless, this is a strong upgrade overall."[59]
InfoWorld noted that Server 2012's use of Windows 8's panned "Metro" user interface was countered by Microsoft's increasing emphasis on the Server Core mode, which had been "fleshed out with new depth and ease-of-use features" and increased use of the "practically mandatory" PowerShell.[61] However, Michael Otey of Windows IT Pro expressed dislike with the new Metro interface and the lack of ability to use the older desktop interface alone, saying that most users of Windows Server manage their servers using the graphical user interface rather than PowerShell.[62] The Australian construction company Kennards found the OS stable.[63]
Paul Ferrill wrote that "Windows Server 2012 Essentials provides all the pieces necessary to provide centralized file storage, client backups, and remote access,"[64] but Tim Anderson contended that "Many businesses that are using SBS2011 and earlier will want to stick with what they have", citing the absence of Exchange, the lack of ability to synchronize with Active Directory Federation Services and the 25-user limit,[65] while Paul Thurott wrote "you should choose Foundation only if you have at least some in-company IT staff and/or are comfortable outsourcing management to a Microsoft partner or solution provider" and "Essentials is, in my mind, ideal for any modern startup of just a few people."[66]
Windows Server 2012 R2[edit]
Windows Server 2012 R2 was released on October 18, 2013.[67] It was unveiled on June 3, 2013 at TechEd North America.[68] According to Windows Server 2012 R2 datasheet published on May 31, 2013, there are four editions of this operating system: Foundation, Essentials, Standard and Datacenter.[69] As with Windows Server 2012, the Datacenter and Standard editions are feature-identical, varying only based on licensing (particularly licensing of virtual instances). The Essentials edition has the same features as the Datacenter and Standard products, with some restrictions.[70]
A further update, formally designated Windows Server 2012 R2 Update, was released in April 2014,[7] a cumulative set of security updates, critical updates and updates.[71]
Windows Server 2012 R2 was succeeded by Windows Server 2016.
Changes from Windows Server 2012[edit]
Microsoft has confirmed the following changes introduced by Windows Server 2012 R2:
Automated Tiering: Storage Spaces stores most frequently accessed files on fastest physical media[72]
Deduplication for VHD: Reduces the storage space for VHD files with largely similar contents by storing the similar contents only once[72]
Windows PowerShell v4, which now includes a Desired State Configuration (DSC) feature
Integrated Office 365 support (Essentials edition)
User interface changes from Windows 8.1, including visible Start button.[73]
UEFI-based virtual machines
Upgrades from driver emulators to synthetic hardware drivers to minimize legacy support
Faster VM deployment (approximately half the time)[74]
Internet Information Services 8.5: Support for logging to Event Tracing for Windows and the ability to log any request/response headers. To improve scalability, if IIS is configured with 100 or more web sites, by default it will not automatically start any of them. Alongside this, a new "Idle Worker Process Page-Out" configuration option has been added to application pools to instruct Windows to page-out the process if it has been idle for the idle time-out period (by default, 20 minutes).[75]
Server Message Block: Performance and event logging quality improvements, support for Hyper-V Live Migration over SMB, bandwidth prioritization management, and the ability to remove SMB 1.0 support[76]
Windows Deployment Services: Support for managing WDS via PowerShell.[77]
Windows Defender is available in a Server Core installation, and is installed and enabled by default.[78][dubious – discuss]
IP Address Management (IPAM): Extended to support role-based access control, allowing for fine-grained control over which users can view or change configurations for DHCP reservations, scopes, IP address blocks, DNS resource records, etc. Additionally, IPAM can integrate with System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2 to have coordinated IP policy across both physical and virtual environments. The IPAM database can be stored in a SQL Server instance instead of Windows Internal Database.[79]
Group Policy has a new "Policy Cache" setting which allows domain-joined machines to store a copy of the group policy settings on the client machine and, depending on the speed of access to the domain controller, use those at startup time instead of waiting for the policy settings to download. This can improve startup times on machines that are disconnected from the company network.[80] New Group Policy settings have been added to cover new features in Windows 8.1 and Internet Explorer 11, such as enabling/disabling SPDY/3 support, configuring start screen layouts, and detecting phone numbers in web pages.[81]
TLS support is extended to support RFC 5077, "Transport Layer Security (TLS) Session Resumption without Server-Side State", which improves performance of long-running TLS-secured connections that need to reconnect due to session expiration.
Hyper-V role and Hyper-V management console are added to the Essentials edition.[82]
Windows Server Update Services was made available for Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials edition.[83]
ReFS gained support for alternate data streams and automatic error-correction on parity spaces.[46]
See also[edit]
Microsoft portal
Software portal
Microsoft Servers
Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions
History of Microsoft Windows
Comparison of operating systems
List of operating systems
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Applies to Windows Server 2008 R2 and 2012 Datacenter and Windows Server 2012 Standard only. Other editions support less.
Jump up ^ Each virtualized partition, including the host itself, can use up to 64 processors.[50]
^ Jump up to: a b c Each license of Windows Server 2012 Standard or Datacenter allows up to two processor chips. Each license of Windows Server 2012 Standard allows up to two virtual instances of Windows Server 2012 Standard on that physical server. If more virtual instances of Windows Server 2012 Standard are needed, each additional license of Windows Server 2012 allows up to two more virtual instances of Windows Server 2012 Standard, even though the physical server itself may have sufficient licenses for its processor chip count. Because Windows Server 2012 Datacenter has no limit on the number of virtual instances per licensed server, only enough licenses for the physical server are needed for any number of virtual instances of Windows Server 2012 Datacenter. If the number of processor chips or virtual instances is an odd number, the number of licenses required is the same as the next even number. For example, a single-processor-chip server would still require 1 license, the same as if the server were two-processor-chip and a five-processor-chip server would require 3 licenses, the same as if the server were six-processor-chip, and if 15 virtual instances of Windows Server 2012 Standard are needed on one server, 8 licenses of Windows Server 2012, which can cover up to 16 virtual instances, are needed (assuming, in this example, that the processor chip count does not exceed 16).
^ Jump up to: a b For the Standard and Datacenter editions, each user or device accessing the software must have a client access license (CAL) assigned (either per-user or per-device), so there may be no more simultaneous users than the number of client-access licenses, except up to 2 simultaneous users purely to administer the server software, or for running virtualization or web workloads. Remote Desktop Services requires an additional CAL separate from the aforementioned CAL.
^ Jump up to: a b If the number of physical processors in a particular server is under 64, the limit is determined by the quantity of licenses assigned to that server. In that case, the number of physical processors cannot exceed twice the number of licenses assigned to the server.
References[edit]
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^ Jump up to: a b Foley, Mary Jo (January 16, 2012). "Microsoft goes public with plans for its new Windows 8 file system". ZDNet. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
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Jump up ^ "ReFS (Resilient File System) supports sparse files". Retrieved March 31, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Resilient File System Overview". TechNet Library. Microsoft. 29 February 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Mackie, Kurt. "Microsoft Touts IIS 8 Improvements". Redmond magazine. 1105 Redmond Media. Retrieved August 17, 2012.
Jump up ^ Anderson, Tim (September 4, 2012). "Windows Server 2012: inside Microsoft's Enterprise Server OS". Computer Weekly. TechTarget. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Seldam, Matthijs ten (October 13, 2012). "Windows Server - Sockets, Logical Processors, Symmetric Multi Threading". Matthijs's blog. Microsoft. TechNet blogs. Retrieved October 14, 2012.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Installing Windows Server 2012". TechNet Library. Microsoft. System requirements. Retrieved June 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Foley, Mary Jo (July 5, 2012). "Microsoft goes public with Windows Server 2012 versions, licensing". ZDNet. CBS Interactive. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Purchasing Windows Server 2012". Microsoft. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Windows Server 2012 Licensing and Pricing FAQ" (PDF). Microsoft. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Windows Server 2012 Licensing Data Sheet" (PDF). Microsoft. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 22, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Introduction to Windows Server 2012 Foundation". TechNet. Microsoft. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Introduction to Windows Server 2012 Foundation". TechNet Library. Microsoft. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Bisson, Simon (September 13, 2012). "Windows Server 2012: RTM review". ZDNet. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Anderson, Tim (September 5, 2012). "Windows Server 2012: Smarter, stronger, frustrating". The Register. Situation Publishing. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Ferrill, Paul (October 3, 2012). "Windows Server 2012 Review: The Bottom Line". ServerWatch. QuinStreet. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Rist, Oliver (June 27, 2012). "Review: Weighing Windows Server 2012". InfoWorld. IDG. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Otey, Michael (July 25, 2012). "Is Microsoft Trying to Kill Windows Server?". Windows IT Pro. Penton Media. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Lui, Spandas (September 12, 2012). "Kennards adopts Windows Server 2012 for virtualisation". ZDNet. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ Ferrill, Paul (December 16, 2012). "A Hands-on Look at Windows Server 2012 Essentials". ServerWatch. QuinStreet. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Anderson, Tim (December 21, 2012). "Windows Server 2012 Essentials review". PC Pro. Dennis Publishing. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Thurott, Paul (October 2, 2012). "Windows Server 2012: Foundation vs. Essentials". Windows IT Pro. Penton Media. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Jeff Meisner (August 14, 2013). "Save the date: Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows System Center 2012 R2 and Windows Intune update coming Oct. 18 - The Official Microsoft Blog - Site Home - TechNet Blogs". TechNet Blogs. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ Damien Caro (June 10, 2013). "Windows Server 2012 R2–First look - Damien Caro's Blog - Site Home - TechNet Blogs". Blogs.technet.com. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Cloud Optimize Your Business" (PDF). Microsoft. Retrieved August 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Mackie, Kurt (June 20, 2013). "Microsoft Enhancing Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials for SMBs". Redmondmag.com. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/download/details.aspx?id=42334
^ Jump up to: a b Jackson, Joab (June 5, 2013). "Windows Server 2012 R2 bulks up on storage and networking". PC World. IDG. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Sams, Brad (June 25, 2013). "Windows 8.1 Start button revealed in Windows Server 2012 R2". Neowin.net. Neowin LLC. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Tulloch, Mitch (2013). Introducing Windows Server 2012 R2 (PDF) (Preview Release ed.). Redmond, Washington: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-8293-1. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ "What's New in IIS 8.5?". Microsoft.
Jump up ^ "What's New for SMB in Windows Server 2012 R2".
Jump up ^ "What's New for Windows Deployment Services in Windows Server 2012 R2".
Jump up ^ "What's Changed in Security Technologies in Windows 8.1".
Jump up ^ "What's New in IPAM in Windows Server 2012 R2".
Jump up ^ "What's New in Group Policy in Windows Server 2012 R2". Microsoft.
Jump up ^ "What's new in Group Policy in Windows Server 2012 R2". Group Policy Central.
Jump up ^ Fabritius, David (3 September 2013). "Understanding Licensing for Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials and the Windows Server Essentials Experience role". The Windows Server Essentials and Small Business Server Blog.
Jump up ^ "Windows Server 2012 R2 Products and Editions Comparison". Download Center. Microsoft. 7 February 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2016.
Further reading[edit]
Stanek, William (2013). Windows Server 2012 Inside Out. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-6631-3.
Stanek, William (2014). Windows Server 2012 R2 Inside Out Volume 1: Configuration, Storage, & Essentials. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-8267-2.
Stanek, William (2014). Windows Server 2012 R2 Inside Out Volume 2: Services, Security, & Infrastructure. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-8255-9.
External links[edit]
Wikiversity has learning resources about Windows Server
Official website
Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012 on TechNet
Windows Server 2012 R2 on MSDN
Windows Server 2012 on MSDN
Tutorials and Lab Manual Articles of Windows Server 2012 R2
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