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George Harrison
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For other people named George Harrison, see George Harrison (disambiguation).
George Harrison
MBE
Harrison at the White House in December 1974
Background information
Born
(1943-02-25)25 February 1943
Liverpool, England
Died
29 November 2001(2001-11-29) (aged 58)
Los Angeles, California, US
Genres
Rock
pop
Indian classical
Occupation(s)
Musician
singer
songwriter
music and film producer
Instruments
Vocals
guitar
sitar
Years active
1958–2001
Labels
Parlophone
Capitol
Swan
Apple
Vee-Jay
Dark Horse
Gnome
Associated acts
The Quarrymen
The Beatles
Plastic Ono Band
Traveling Wilburys
Ravi Shankar
Eric Clapton
Jeff Lynne
Tom Petty
Bob Dylan
The Radha Krsna Temple
Website
georgeharrison.com
George Harrison[nb 1] MBE (25 February 1943 – 29 November 2001) was an English guitarist, singer-songwriter, and producer who achieved international fame as the lead guitarist of the Beatles. Often referred to as "the quiet Beatle", Harrison embraced Indian culture and helped broaden the scope of popular music through his incorporation of Indian instrumentation and Hindu-aligned spirituality in the Beatles' work.[2] Although the majority of the band's songs were written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney, most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contained at least two Harrison compositions. His songs for the group included "Taxman", "Within You Without You", "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", "Here Comes the Sun" and "Something", the last of which became the Beatles' second-most covered song.
Harrison's earliest musical influences included George Formby and Django Reinhardt; Carl Perkins, Chet Atkins and Chuck Berry were subsequent influences. By 1965, he had begun to lead the Beatles into folk rock through his interest in the Byrds and Bob Dylan, and towards Indian classical music through his use of the sitar on "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)". Having initiated the band's embracing of Transcendental Meditation in 1967, he subsequently developed an association with the Hare Krishna movement. After the band's break-up in 1970, Harrison released the triple album All Things Must Pass, a critically acclaimed work that produced his most successful hit single, "My Sweet Lord", and introduced his signature sound as a solo artist, the slide guitar. He also organised the 1971 Concert for Bangladesh with Indian musician Ravi Shankar, a precursor for later benefit concerts such as Live Aid. In his role as a music and film producer, Harrison produced acts signed to the Beatles' Apple record label before founding Dark Horse Records in 1974 and co-founding HandMade Films in 1978.
Harrison released several best-selling singles and albums as a solo performer. In 1988, he co-founded the platinum-selling supergroup the Traveling Wilburys. A prolific recording artist, he was featured as a guest guitarist on tracks by Badfinger, Ronnie Wood and Billy Preston, and collaborated on songs and music with Dylan, Eric Clapton, Ringo Starr and Tom Petty, among others. Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 11 in their list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". He is a two-time Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee – as a member of the Beatles in 1988, and posthumously for his solo career in 2004.[3]
Harrison's first marriage, to model Pattie Boyd in 1966, ended in divorce in 1977. The following year he married Olivia Arias, with whom he had a son, Dhani. Harrison died in 2001, aged 58, from lung cancer that was attributed to years of cigarette smoking. His remains were cremated and the ashes were scattered according to Hindu tradition in a private ceremony in the Ganges and Yamuna rivers in India. He left an estate of almost £100 million.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early years: 1943–1957
2 The Beatles: 1958–1970
3 Solo career: 1968–1987
3.1 Early solo work: 1968–1969
3.2 All Things Must Pass: 1970
3.3 The Concert for Bangladesh: 1971
3.4 Living in the Material World to George Harrison: 1973–1979
3.5 Somewhere in England to Cloud Nine: 1980–1987
4 Later career: 1988–1996
4.1 The Traveling Wilburys: 1988–1990
4.2 The Beatles Anthology: 1995–1996
5 Musicianship
5.1 Songwriting
5.2 Guitar work
5.3 Guitars
5.4 Collaborations
5.5 Sitar and Indian music
6 Personal life
6.1 Hinduism
6.2 Family and interests
6.3 Relationships with the other Beatles
6.4 Humanitarian work
7 HandMade Films
8 Later life and death: 1997–2001
9 Legacy
10 Discography
11 Notes
12 References
13 Further reading
13.1 Documentaries
14 External links
Early years: 1943–1957[edit]
Further information: The Quarrymen
Harrison's place of birth and first home – 12 Arnold Grove
Harrison was born at 12 Arnold Grove in Liverpool, England on 25 February 1943.[4] He was the youngest of four children of Harold Hargreaves (or Hargrove) Harrison (1909–1978) and Louise (née French or Ffrench; 1911–1970). Harold was a bus conductor who had worked as a ship's steward on the White Star Line,[5] and Louise was a shop assistant of Irish Catholic descent.[6] He had one sister, Louise (born 16 August 1931), and two brothers, Harold (born 1934) and Peter (20 July 1940 – 1 June 2007).[7][8]
According to Boyd, Harrison's mother was particularly supportive: "All she wanted for her children is that they should be happy, and she recognized that nothing made George quite as happy as making music."[9] Louise was an enthusiastic music fan, and she was known among friends for her loud singing voice, which at times startled visitors by rattling the Harrisons' windows.[10] When Louise was pregnant with George, she often listened to the weekly broadcast Radio India. Harrison's biographer Joshua Greene wrote, "Every Sunday she tuned in to mystical sounds evoked by sitars and tablas, hoping that the exotic music would bring peace and calm to the baby in the womb."[11]
Harrison lived the first four years of his life at 12 Arnold Grove, Wavertree, Liverpool, a terraced house on a dead end street.[12] The home had an outdoor toilet and its only heat came from a single coal fire. In 1949, the family was offered a council house and moved to 25 Upton Green, Speke.[13] In 1948, at the age of five, Harrison enrolled at Dovedale Primary School.[14] He passed the eleven-plus exam and attended Liverpool Institute High School for Boys from 1954 to 1959.[15][16] Though the institute did offer a music course, Harrison was disappointed with the absence of guitars, and felt the school "moulded [students] into being frightened".[17]
Harrison's earliest musical influences included George Formby, Cab Calloway, Django Reinhardt and Hoagy Carmichael;[18] by the 1950s, Carl Perkins and Lonnie Donegan were significant influences.[19] In early 1956 he had an epiphany: while riding his bicycle, he heard Elvis Presley's "Heartbreak Hotel" playing from a nearby house, and the song piqued his interest in rock and roll.[20] He often sat at the back of the class drawing guitars in his schoolbooks, and later commented, "I was totally into guitars."[21] Harrison cited Slim Whitman as another early influence: "The first person I ever saw playing a guitar was Slim Whitman, either a photo of him in a magazine or live on television. Guitars were definitely coming in."[22]
Although Harold Harrison was apprehensive about his son's interest in pursuing a music career, in 1956 he bought George a Dutch Egmond flat top acoustic guitar, which according to Harold, cost £3.10 (equivalent to £100 in 2018)[23].[24][25] One of his father's friends taught Harrison how to play "Whispering", "Sweet Sue" and "Dinah", and, inspired by Donegan's music, Harrison formed a skiffle group called the Rebels with his brother Peter and a friend, Arthur Kelly.[26] On the bus to school, Harrison met Paul McCartney, who also attended the Liverpool Institute, and the pair bonded over their shared love of music.[27]
The Beatles: 1958–1970[edit]
Main article: The Beatles
Harrison (right) with Stuart Sutcliffe during the Beatles' period in Hamburg
Harrison became part of the Beatles with McCartney and John Lennon when the band was still a skiffle group called the Quarrymen. McCartney told Lennon about his friend Harrison, who could play "Raunchy" on his guitar. In March 1958, Harrison auditioned for the Quarrymen at Rory Storm's Morgue Skiffle Club, playing Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith's "Guitar Boogie Shuffle", but Lennon felt that Harrison, having just turned 15, was too young to join the band.[28] During a second meeting, arranged by McCartney, he performed the lead guitar part for the instrumental "Raunchy" on the upper deck of a Liverpool bus.[29] He began socialising with the group, filling in on guitar as needed,[30] and became accepted as a member.[31] Although his father wanted him to continue his education, Harrison left school at 16 and worked for several months as an apprentice electrician at Blacklers, a local department store.[32] During the group's first tour of Scotland, in 1960, Harrison used the pseudonym "Carl Harrison", in reference to Carl Perkins.[33]
In 1960, promoter Allan Williams arranged for the band, now calling themselves the Beatles, to play at the Indra and Kaiserkeller clubs in Hamburg, both owned by Bruno Koschmider.[34] The impromptu musical education Harrison received while playing long hours with the Beatles, as well as the guitar lessons he took from Tony Sheridan while they briefly served as his backing group, laid the foundations of his sound and of his role within the group; he was later known as "the quiet Beatle".[35][36] The band's first residency in Hamburg ended prematurely when Harrison was deported for being too young to work in nightclubs.[37] When Brian Epstein became their manager in December 1961, he polished their image and secured them a recording contract with EMI.[38] The group's first single, "Love Me Do", peaked at number seventeen on the Record Retailer chart, and by the time their debut album, Please Please Me, was released in early 1963, Beatlemania had arrived.[39] Their second album, With the Beatles (1963), included "Don't Bother Me", Harrison's first solo writing credit.[40]
John, Paul, George and Ringo arrive in New York City during the height of Beatlemania, February 1964
By 1965's Rubber Soul, Harrison had begun to lead the other Beatles into folk rock through his interest in the Byrds and Bob Dylan, and towards Indian classical music through his use of the sitar on "Norwegian Wood (This Bird Has Flown)".[41][nb 2] He later called Rubber Soul his "favourite [Beatles] album".[43] Revolver (1966) included three of his compositions: "Taxman", "Love You To" and "I Want to Tell You".[44] His introduction of the drone-like tambura part on Lennon's "Tomorrow Never Knows" exemplified the band's ongoing exploration of non-Western instruments.[45] The tabla-driven "Love You To" was the Beatles' first genuine foray into Indian music.[46] According to the ethnomusicologist David Reck, the song set a precedent in popular music as an example of Asian culture being represented by Westerners respectfully and without parody.[47] Harrison continued to develop his interest in non-Western instrumentation, playing swarmandal on "Strawberry Fields Forever".[48]
By late 1966, Harrison's interests had moved away from the Beatles. This was reflected in his choice of Eastern gurus and religious leaders for inclusion on the album cover for Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band in 1967.[49][nb 3] His sole composition on the album was the Indian-inspired "Within You Without You", to which no other Beatle contributed.[51] He played sitar and tambura on the track, backed by musicians from the London Asian Music Circle on dilruba, swarmandal and tabla.[52][nb 4] He later commented on the Sgt. Pepper album: "It was a millstone and a milestone in the music industry ... There's about half the songs I like and the other half I can't stand."[54]
In 1968 his song "The Inner Light" was recorded at EMI's studio in Bombay, featuring a group of local musicians playing traditional Indian instruments.[55] Released as the B-side to McCartney's "Lady Madonna", it was the first Harrison composition to appear on a Beatles single.[55] Derived from a quotation from the Tao Te Ching, the song's lyric reflected Harrison's deepening interest in Hinduism and meditation, while musically it embraced the Karnatak discipline of Indian music, rather than the Hindustani style of his previous work in the genre.[56] During the recording of The Beatles that same year, tensions within the group ran high, and drummer Ringo Starr quit briefly.[57] Harrison's songwriting contributions to the double album included "While My Guitar Gently Weeps", which featured Eric Clapton on lead guitar, "Piggies", "Long, Long, Long" and "Savoy Truffle".[58]
Dylan and the Band were a major musical influence on Harrison at the end of his career with the Beatles.[59] While on a visit to Woodstock in late 1968, he established a friendship with Dylan and found himself drawn to the Band's sense of communal music-making and to the creative equality among the band members, which contrasted with Lennon and McCartney's domination of the Beatles' songwriting and creative direction. This coincided with a prolific period in his songwriting and a growing desire to assert his independence from the Beatles,[60] tensions among whom surfaced again in January 1969, during the filming of rehearsals at Twickenham Studios for what became the album Let It Be.[60] Frustrated by the poor working conditions in the cold and sterile film studio, as well as by what he perceived as Lennon's creative disengagement from the Beatles and a domineering attitude from McCartney, Harrison quit the group on 10 January, but agreed to return twelve days later.[61]
Relations among the Beatles were more cordial, though still strained, during sessions for their final recorded album, Abbey Road.[62] The LP included two of Harrison's most respected Beatles compositions: "Here Comes the Sun" and "Something", which became one half of the Beatles' first number one double A-side single, Harrison's first A-side, and the first Harrison song to reach the top of the charts.[63] In 1969 Frank Sinatra recorded "Something", and later dubbed it "the greatest love song of the past fifty years".[64] Lennon considered it the best song on Abbey Road, and it became the Beatles' second most covered song after "Yesterday".[65] Author Peter Lavezzoli wrote: "Harrison would finally achieve equal songwriting status ... with his two classic contributions to the final Beatles' LP".[66]
In April 1970 when Harrison's "For You Blue" was released in America as a double A-side with McCartney's "The Long and Winding Road", it became the band's second chart-topping double A-side and "For You Blue" became Harrison's second number one hit.[67] His increased productivity and the Beatles' reluctance to include his songs on their albums meant that by the time of their break-up he had amassed a stockpile of unreleased compositions.[68] While Harrison grew as a songwriter, his compositional presence on Beatles albums remained limited to two or three songs, increasing his frustration, and significantly contributing to the band's break-up.[69] Harrison's last recording session with the Beatles was on 4 January 1970, when he, McCartney and Starr recorded the Harrison song "I Me Mine".[70]
Solo career: 1968–1987[edit]
Early solo work: 1968–1969[edit]
Before the Beatles' break-up, Harrison had already recorded and released two solo albums: Wonderwall Music and Electronic Sound, both of which contain mainly instrumental compositions. Wonderwall Music, a soundtrack to the 1968 film Wonderwall, blends Indian and Western instrumentation, while Electronic Sound is an experimental album that prominently features a Moog synthesizer.[71] Released in November 1968, Wonderwall Music was the first solo album by a Beatle and the first LP released by Apple Records.[72] Indian musicians Aashish Khan and Shivkumar Sharma performed on the album, which contains the experimental sound collage "Dream Scene", recorded several months before Lennon's "Revolution 9".[73]
In December 1969, Harrison participated in a brief tour of Europe with the American group Delaney & Bonnie and Friends.[74] During the tour that included Clapton, Bobby Whitlock, drummer Jim Gordon and band leaders Delaney and Bonnie Bramlett, Harrison began to write "My Sweet Lord", which became his first single as a solo artist.[75] Delaney Bramlett inspired Harrison to learn slide guitar, significantly influencing his later music.[76]
All Things Must Pass: 1970[edit]
Main article: All Things Must Pass
For many years, Harrison was restricted in his songwriting contributions to the Beatles' albums, but he released All Things Must Pass, a triple album[77] with two discs of his songs and the third of recordings of Harrison jamming with friends.[68][78] The album was regarded by many as his best work, and it topped the charts on both sides of the Atlantic.[79][80][nb 5] The LP produced the number-one hit single "My Sweet Lord" and the top-ten single "What Is Life".[82] The album was co-produced by Phil Spector using his "Wall of Sound" approach,[83] and the musicians included Starr, Clapton, Gary Wright, Preston, Klaus Voormann, the whole of Delaney and Bonnie's Friends band and the Apple group Badfinger.[68][84][nb 6] On release, All Things Must Pass was received with critical acclaim;[86] Ben Gerson of Rolling Stone described it as being "of classic Spectorian proportions, Wagnerian, Brucknerian, the music of mountain tops and vast horizons".[87] Author and musicologist Ian Inglis considers the lyrics of the album's title track "a recognition of the impermanence of human existence ... a simple and poignant conclusion" to Harrison's former band.[88] In 1971, Bright Tunes sued Harrison for copyright infringement over "My Sweet Lord", owing to its similarity to the 1963 Chiffons hit "He's So Fine".[89] When the case was heard in the United States district court in 1976, he denied deliberately plagiarising the song, but lost the case, as the judge ruled that he had done so subconsciously.[90]
In 2000, Apple Records released a thirtieth anniversary edition of the album, and Harrison actively participated in its promotion. In an interview, he reflected on the work: "It's just something that was like my continuation from the Beatles, really. It was me sort of getting out of the Beatles and just going my own way ... it was a very happy occasion."[91] He commented on the production: "Well, in those days it was like the reverb was kind of used a bit more than what I would do now. In fact, I don't use reverb at all. I can't stand it ... You know, it's hard to go back to anything thirty years later and expect it to be how you would want it now."[92]
The Concert for Bangladesh: 1971[edit]
Main article: The Concert for Bangladesh
Harrison responded to a request from Ravi Shankar by organising a charity event, the Concert for Bangladesh, which took place on 1 August 1971. The event drew over 40,000 people to two shows in New York's Madison Square Garden.[93] The goal of the event was to raise money to aid starving refugees during the Bangladesh Liberation War.[94] Shankar opened the show, which featured popular musicians such as Dylan, Clapton, Leon Russell, Badfinger, Preston and Starr.[94]
A triple album, The Concert for Bangladesh, was released by Apple Corps that year, followed by a concert film in 1972. Tax troubles and questionable expenses later tied up many of the proceeds, but Harrison commented: "Mainly the concert was to attract attention to the situation ... The money we raised was secondary, and although we had some money problems ... they still got plenty ... even though it was a drop in the ocean. The main thing was, we spread the word and helped get the war ended."[95] The event has been described as an innovative precursor for the large-scale charity rock shows that followed, including Live Aid.[96][nb 7]
Living in the Material World to George Harrison: 1973–1979[edit]
Harrison would never again release an album that matched the critical and commercial achievements of All Things Must Pass; however, his next solo album, 1973's Living in the Material World, held the number one spot on the Billboard album chart for five weeks, and the album's single, "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)", also reached number one in the US.[98] In the UK, the LP achieved number two, spending 12 weeks on the charts with the single peaking at number 8.[82] The album was lavishly produced and packaged, and its dominant message was Harrison's Hindu beliefs.[99] In Greene's opinion it "contained many of the strongest compositions of his career".[100] Stephen Holden, writing in Rolling Stone, felt the album was "vastly appealing" and "profoundly seductive", and that it stood "alone as an article of faith, miraculous in its radiance".[101] Other reviewers were less enthusiastic, describing the release as awkward, sanctimonious and overly sentimental, a reaction that left Harrison despondent.[102]
In November 1974, Harrison became the first ex-Beatle to tour North America when he began his 45-date Dark Horse Tour.[103] Performances by Harrison included an ensemble of musicians such as Preston, Tom Scott, Willie Weeks, Andy Newmark and Jim Horn. The tour also included traditional and contemporary Indian music performed by "Ravi Shankar, Family and Friends".[104] Despite numerous positive reviews, the consensus reaction to the tour was negative, with complaints about the content, structure, and length – the show's duration of two and a half hours was seen as excessive.[105] Some fans found Shankar's significant presence to be a bizarre disappointment, having expected to see only Harrison perform, and many were affronted by what Inglis described as Harrison's "sermonizing".[106] Further, he reworked the lyrics to several Beatles songs, and some of the substitutions were seen as "gratuitously offensive".[106] His laryngitis-affected vocals also disappointed fans and critics, who began calling the tour "dark hoarse".[107] Harrison was so deeply bothered by the caustic backlash that he did not tour again until the 1990s.[106] The author Robert Rodriguez commented: "While the Dark Horse tour might be considered a noble failure, there were a number of fans who were tuned-in to what was being attempted. They went away ecstatic, conscious that they had just witnessed something so uplifting that it could never be repeated."[108] Simon Leng called the tour "groundbreaking" and "revolutionary in its presentation of Indian Music".[109]
In December, Harrison released Dark Horse, which was an album that earned him the least favourable reviews of his career.[110] Rolling Stone called it "the chronicle of a performer out of his element, working to a deadline, enfeebling his overtaxed talents by a rush to deliver a new 'LP product', rehearse a band, and assemble a cross-country tour, all within three weeks".[111] The album reached number 4 on the Billboard chart and the single "Dark Horse" reached number 15, but they failed to make an impact in the UK.[112][nb 8] The music critic Mikal Gilmore described Dark Horse as "one of Harrison's most fascinating works – a record about change and loss".[113]
Harrison's final studio album for EMI and Apple Records was the soul music-inspired Extra Texture (Read All About It) (1975).[114] He considered it the least satisfactory of the three he had recorded since All Things Must Pass.[115] Leng identified "bitterness and dismay" in many of the album's tracks; his long-time friend Klaus Voormann commented: "He wasn't up for it ... It was a terrible time because I think there was a lot of cocaine going around, and that's when I got out of the picture ... I didn't like his frame of mind".[116] He released two singles from the LP: "You", which reached the Billboard top 20, and "This Guitar (Can't Keep from Crying)", Apple's final original single release.[117]
Thirty Three & 1/3 (1976), Harrison's first album release on his own Dark Horse Records label, produced the hit singles "This Song" and "Crackerbox Palace", both of which reached the top 25 in the US.[118][nb 9] The surreal humour of "Crackerbox Palace" reflected Harrison's association with Monty Python's Eric Idle, who directed a comical music video for the song.[121] With an emphasis on melody and musicianship, and a more subtle subject matter than the pious message of his earlier works, Thirty Three & 1/3 earned Harrison his most favourable critical notices in the US since All Things Must Pass.[121][nb 10]
In 1979, Harrison released George Harrison, which followed his second marriage and the birth of his son Dhani. The album and the single "Blow Away" both made the Billboard top 20.[123] The album marked the beginning of Harrison's gradual retreat from the music business, and the fruition of ideas introduced on All Things Must Pass. The death of his father in May 1978 and the birth of his son the following August had influenced his decision to devote more time to his family than to his career.[124] Leng described the album as "melodic and lush ... peaceful ... the work of a man who had lived the rock and roll dream twice over and was now embracing domestic as well as spiritual bliss".[124]
Somewhere in England to Cloud Nine: 1980–1987[edit]
Harrison performing "Here Comes the Sun" at the Prince's Trust concert in 1987.
The murder of John Lennon on 8 December 1980 disturbed Harrison and reinforced his decades-long concern about stalkers.[125] The tragedy was also a deep personal loss, although unlike McCartney and Starr, Harrison and Lennon had little contact in the years before Lennon was killed.[126][nb 11] Following the murder, Harrison commented: "After all we went through together I had and still have great love and respect for John Lennon. I am shocked and stunned."[125]
Harrison modified the lyrics of a song he had written for Starr in order to make the song a tribute to Lennon.[127] "All Those Years Ago", which included vocal contributions from Paul and Linda McCartney, as well as Starr's original drum part, peaked at number two in the US charts.[128][129] The single was included on the album Somewhere in England in 1981.[130] Harrison did not release any new albums for five years after 1982's Gone Troppo received little notice from critics or the public.[131]
During this period he made several guest appearances, including a 1985 performance at a tribute to Carl Perkins titled Blue Suede Shoes: A Rockabilly Session.[132][nb 12] In March 1986 he made a surprise appearance during the finale of the Birmingham Heart Beat Charity Concert, an event organised to raise money for the Birmingham Children's Hospital.[134] The following year, he appeared at The Prince's Trust concert at London's Wembley Arena, performing "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" and "Here Comes the Sun".[135] In February 1987 he joined Dylan, John Fogerty and Jesse Ed Davis on stage for a two-hour performance with the blues musician Taj Mahal.[136] Harrison recalled: "Bob rang me up and asked if I wanted to come out for the evening and see Taj Mahal ... So we went there and had a few of these Mexican beers – and had a few more ... Bob says, 'Hey, why don't we all get up and play, and you can sing?' But every time I got near the microphone, Dylan comes up and just starts singing this rubbish in my ear, trying to throw me."[137]
In November 1987 Harrison released the platinum album Cloud Nine.[138][139] Co-produced with Jeff Lynne of Electric Light Orchestra, the LP included Harrison's rendition of James Ray's "Got My Mind Set on You", which went to number one in the US and number two in the UK.[140][141] The accompanying music video received substantial airplay,[142] and another single, "When We Was Fab", a retrospective of the Beatles' career, earned two MTV Music Video Awards nominations in 1988.[143] Recorded at his estate in Friar Park, Harrison's slide guitar playing featured prominently on the album, which included several of his long-time musical collaborators, including Clapton, Jim Keltner, and Jim Horn, who recalled Harrison's relaxed and friendly demeanour during the sessions: "George made you feel at home, in his home ... He once had me sit on a toilet and play my soprano sax, and they miked it at the end of the hall for a distant sound. I thought they were kidding ... Another time he stopped me in the middle of a sax solo and brought me 3 p.m. tea—again I thought he was kidding."[144] Cloud Nine reached number eight and number ten on the US and UK charts respectively, and several tracks from the album achieved placement on Billboard's Mainstream Rock chart – "Devil's Radio", "This Is Love" and "Cloud 9".[140]
Later career: 1988–1996[edit]
The Traveling Wilburys: 1988–1990[edit]
Main article: Traveling Wilburys
In 1988, Harrison formed the Traveling Wilburys with Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, Bob Dylan and Tom Petty. The band had gathered in Dylan's garage to record a song for a Harrison European single release.[145] Harrison's record company decided the track, "Handle with Care", was too good for its original purpose as a B-side and asked for a full album. The LP, Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1, was released in October 1988 and recorded under pseudonyms as half-brothers, supposed sons of Charles Truscott Wilbury, Sr.[146] Harrison's pseudonym on the first album was "Nelson Wilbury"; he used the name "Spike Wilbury" for their second album.[147]
After Orbison's death in December 1988, the group recorded as a four-piece.[148] Their second release, issued in October 1990, was mischievously titled Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3. According to Lynne, "That was George's idea. He said, 'Let's confuse the buggers.'"[149] It reached number 14 in the UK, where it went platinum, with certified sales of more than 3,000,000 units.[150] The Wilburys never performed live, and the group did not record together again following the release of their second album.[151]
In 1989, Harrison and Starr appeared in the music video for Tom Petty's song "I Won't Back Down".[152] Starr is filmed playing the drums, but did not play on the track; Harrison played acoustic guitar and provided backing vocals.[153][nb 13] In December 1991, Harrison joined Clapton for a tour of Japan.[156] It was Harrison's first since 1974 and no others followed.[157][nb 14] On 6 April 1992, Harrison held a benefit concert for the Natural Law Party at the Royal Albert Hall, his first London performance since the Beatles' 1969 rooftop concert.[159] In October 1992, he performed at a Bob Dylan tribute concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City, playing alongside Dylan, Clapton, McGuinn, Petty and Neil Young.[160]
The Beatles Anthology: 1995–1996[edit]
Main article: The Beatles Anthology
In 1994 Harrison began a collaboration with McCartney, Starr and producer Jeff Lynne for the Beatles Anthology project. This included the recording of two new Beatles songs built around solo vocal and piano tapes recorded by Lennon as well as lengthy interviews about the Beatles' career.[161] Released in December 1995, "Free as a Bird" was the first new Beatles single since 1970.[162] In March 1996, they released a second single, "Real Love". Harrison refused to participate in the completion of a third song.[163] He later commented on the project: "I hope somebody does this to all my crap demos when I'm dead, make them into hit songs."[164]
Following the Anthology project, Harrison collaborated with Ravi Shankar on the latter's Chants of India. Harrison's final television appearance was a VH-1 special to promote the album, taped in May 1997.[165] In January 1998, Harrison attended Carl Perkins's funeral in Jackson, Tennessee, performing a brief rendition of Perkins's song "Your True Love".[166] In June 1998, he attended the public memorial service for Linda McCartney, and appeared on Starr's album Vertical Man, playing guitar on two tracks.[167]
Musicianship[edit]
Songwriting[edit]
Main article: List of songs recorded by George Harrison
Harrison wrote his first song, "Don't Bother Me", while sick in a hotel bed in Bournemouth during August 1963, as "an exercise to see if I could write a song", as he remembered.[168] "Don't Bother Me" appeared on the band's second album, With the Beatles, later that year, then on Meet the Beatles! in the US in early 1964.[169] In 1965, he contributed "I Need You" and "You Like Me Too Much" to the album Help![170][171]
His songwriting ability improved throughout the Beatles' career, but his material did not earn full respect from Lennon, McCartney and producer George Martin until near the group's break-up.[172] In 1969, McCartney told Lennon: "Until this year, our songs have been better than George's. Now this year his songs are at least as good as ours".[173] Harrison often had difficulty getting the band to record his songs.[174][69] Most Beatles albums from 1965 onwards contain at least two Harrison compositions; three of his songs appear on Revolver, "the album on which Harrison came of age as a songwriter", according to Inglis.[175]
"Within You Without You"
An audio sample of Harrison's "Within You Without You", 1967
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Of the 1967 Harrison song "Within You Without You", author Gerry Farrell claimed that Harrison had created a "new form", calling the composition "a quintessential fusion of pop and Indian music".[176] Lennon called the song one of Harrison's best: "His mind and his music are clear. There is his innate talent, he brought that sound together."[177] Beatles biographer Bob Spitz described "Something" as a masterpiece, and "an intensely stirring romantic ballad that would challenge 'Yesterday' and 'Michelle' as one of the most recognizable songs they ever produced".[178] According to Kenneth Womack, "Harrison comes into his own on Abbey Road ... 'Here Comes the Sun' is matched – indeed, surpassed – only by 'Something', his crowning achievement".[179] Inglis considered Abbey Road a turning point in Harrison's development as a songwriter and musician. He described Harrison's contributions to the LP as "exquisite", declaring them equal to any previous Beatles songs. During the album's recording, Harrison asserted more creative control than before, proactively rejecting suggestions for changes to his music or lyrics, particularly from McCartney.[180]
His interest in Indian music proved a strong influence on his songwriting and contributed to his innovation within the Beatles. According to Mikal Gilmore of Rolling Stone, "Harrison's openness to new sounds and textures cleared new paths for his rock and roll compositions. His use of dissonance on ... 'Taxman' and 'I Want to Tell You' was revolutionary in popular music – and perhaps more originally creative than the avant-garde mannerisms that Lennon and McCartney borrowed from the music of Karlheinz Stockhausen, Luciano Berio, Edgard Varèse and Igor Stravinsky ..."[181] In 1997, Gerry Farrell commented: "It is a mark of Harrison's sincere involvement ... that, nearly thirty years on, the Beatles' 'Indian' songs remain the most imaginative and successful examples of this type of fusion."[182]
Guitar work[edit]
Harrison's burgundy Les Paul
Harrison's guitar work with the Beatles was varied and flexible; although not fast or flashy, his lead guitar playing was solid and typified the more subdued lead guitar style of the early 1960s; his rhythm guitar playing was as innovative, such as using a capo to shorten the strings on an acoustic guitar, as on the Rubber Soul album and "Here Comes the Sun", to create a bright, sweet sound.[183][184] Eric Clapton felt that Harrison was "clearly an innovator" as he was "taking certain elements of R&B and rock and rockabilly and creating something unique".[185] Rolling Stone founder Jann Wenner described Harrison as "a guitarist who was never showy but who had an innate, eloquent melodic sense. He played exquisitely in the service of the song".[186] Harrison's friend and former bandmate Tom Petty agreed: "He just had a way of getting right to the business, of finding the right thing to play."[187] The guitar picking style of Chet Atkins and Carl Perkins influenced Harrison, giving a country music feel to many of the Beatles' recordings.[188] He identified Chuck Berry as an early influence and Ry Cooder as an important later influence.[189]
In 1961 the Beatles recorded "Cry for a Shadow", a blues-inspired instrumental co-written by Lennon and Harrison, who is credited with composing the song's lead guitar part, building on unusual chord voicings and imitating the style of other English groups such as the Shadows.[190] The musicologist Walter Everett noted that while early Beatles compositions typically held close to the conventional patterns in rock music at the time, he also identified significant variations in their rhythm and tonal direction.[191] Harrison's liberal use of the diatonic scale in his guitar playing reveals the influence of Buddy Holly, and his interest in Berry inspired him to compose songs based on the blues scale while incorporating a rockabilly feel in the style of Perkins.[192] Within this framework he often used syncopation, as during his guitar solos for the Beatles' covers of Berry's "Roll Over Beethoven" and "Too Much Monkey Business".[193] Another of Harrison's musical techniques was the use of guitar lines written in octaves, as on "I'll Be on My Way".[194] He was the first person to own a Rickenbacker 360/12, a guitar with twelve strings, the low eight of which are tuned in pairs, one octave apart; the higher four being pairs tuned in unison. The Rickenbacker is unique among twelve-string guitars in having the lower octave string of each of the first four pairs placed above the higher tuned string. This, and the naturally rich harmonics produced by a twelve-string guitar provided the distinctive overtones found on many of the Beatles' recordings.[194] His use of this guitar during the recording of A Hard Day's Night helped to popularise the model, and the jangly sound became so prominent that Melody Maker termed it the Beatles' "secret weapon".[195][nb 15]
Harrison wrote the chord progression of his first published song, "Don't Bother Me" (1963), almost exclusively in the Dorian mode, demonstrating an interest in exotic tones that eventually culminated in his embrace of Indian music. The dark timbre of his guitar playing on the track was accentuated by his use of uncomplicated yet effective C+9 chord voicings and a solo in the minor pentatonic scale.[197] By 1964 he had begun to develop a distinctive personal style as a guitarist, writing parts that featured the use of nonresolving tones, as with the ending chord arpeggios on "A Hard Day's Night".[192] In 1965 he used an expression pedal to control his guitar's volume on "I Need You", creating a syncopated flautando effect with the melody resolving its dissonance through tonal displacements.[198] He used the same volume-swell technique on "Yes It Is", applying what Everett described as "ghostly articulation" to the song's natural harmonics.[192]
Of Rubber Soul's "If I Needed Someone", Harrison said: "it's like a million other songs written around the D chord. If you move your fingers about, you get various little melodies ... it amazes me that people still find new permutations of the same notes."[199] His other contribution to the album, "Think for Yourself", features what Everett described as "ambiguous tonal coloring", using chromaticism in G major with a "strange" mixture of the Dorian mode and the minor pentatonic; he called it a "tour de force of altered scale degrees".[200] In 1966 Harrison contributed innovative musical ideas to Revolver. He played backwards guitar on Lennon's composition "I'm Only Sleeping" and a guitar counter-melody on "And Your Bird Can Sing" that moved in parallel octaves above McCartney's bass downbeats.[201] His guitar playing on "I Want to Tell You" exemplified the pairing of altered chordal colours with descending chromatic lines and his guitar part for Sgt Pepper's "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" mirrors Lennon's vocal line in much the same way that a sarangi player accompanies a khyal singer in a Hindu devotional song.[202]
"Old Brown Shoe"
Harrison's guitar solo from "Old Brown Shoe", April 1969
"Something"
An excerpt from Harrison's guitar solo to "Something", May 1969
"How Do You Sleep?"
An excerpt from Harrison's slide guitar solo from Lennon's "How Do You Sleep?", 1971
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Everett described Harrison's guitar solo from "Old Brown Shoe" as "stinging [and] highly Claptonesque".[203] He identified two of the composition's significant motifs: a bluesy trichord and a diminished triad with roots in A and E.[204] Huntley called the song "a sizzling rocker with a ferocious ... solo".[205] In Greene's opinion, Harrison's demo for "Old Brown Shoe" contains "one of the most complex lead guitar solos on any Beatles song".[206]
Harrison's playing on Abbey Road, and in particular on "Something", marked a significant moment in his development as a guitarist. The song's guitar solo shows a varied range of influences, incorporating the blues guitar style of Clapton and the styles of Indian gamakas.[207] According to author and musicologist Kenneth Womack: "'Something' meanders toward the most unforgettable of Harrison's guitar solos ... A masterpiece in simplicity, [it] reaches toward the sublime".[179] Harrison received an Ivor Novello award in July 1970 for "Something", as "The Best Song Musically and Lyrically of the Year".[208]
After Delaney Bramlett inspired him to learn slide guitar, Harrison began to incorporate it into his solo work, which allowed him to mimic many traditional Indian instruments, including the sarangi and the dilruba.[209] Leng described Harrison's slide guitar solo on Lennon's "How Do You Sleep?" as a departure for "the sweet soloist of 'Something'", calling his playing "rightly famed ... one of Harrison's greatest guitar statements".[210] Lennon commented: "That's the best he's ever fucking played in his life."[210]
A Hawaiian influence is notable in much of Harrison's music, ranging from his slide guitar work on Gone Troppo (1982) to his televised performance of the Cab Calloway standard "Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea" on ukulele in 1992.[211] Lavezzoli described Harrison's slide playing on the Grammy-winning instrumental "Marwa Blues" (2002) as demonstrating Hawaiian influences while comparing the melody to an Indian sarod or veena, calling it "yet another demonstration of Harrison's unique slide approach".[212] Harrison was an admirer of George Formby and a member of the Ukulele Society of Great Britain, and played a ukulele solo in the style of Formby at the end of "Free as a Bird".[213] He performed at a Formby convention in 1991, and served as the honorary president of the George Formby Appreciation Society.[214] Harrison played bass guitar on numerous tracks, including the Beatles songs "She Said She Said", "Golden Slumbers", "Birthday" and "Honey Pie".[215] He also played bass on several solo recordings, including "Faster", "Wake Up My Love" and "Bye Bye Love".[216]
Guitars[edit]
When Harrison joined the Quarrymen in 1958 his main guitar was a Höfner President Acoustic, which he soon traded for a Höfner Club 40 model.[217] His first solid-body electric guitar was a Czech-built Jolana Futurama/Grazioso.[218] The guitars he used on early recordings were mainly Gretsch models, played through a Vox amplifier, including a Gretsch Duo Jet that he bought secondhand in 1961, and posed with on the album cover for Cloud Nine (1987).[219] He also bought a Gretsch Tennessean and a Gretsch Country Gentleman, which he played on "She Loves You", and during the Beatles' 1964 appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show.[220][221] In 1963 he bought a Rickenbacker 425 Fireglo, and in 1964 he acquired a Rickenbacker 360/12 guitar, which was the second of its kind to be manufactured.[222] Harrison obtained his first Fender Stratocaster in 1965 and first used it during the recording of the Help! album that February; he also used it when recording Rubber Soul later that year, most notably on the song "Nowhere Man".[223]
In early 1966 Harrison and Lennon each purchased Epiphone Casinos (McCartney had owned one since 1965), which they used on Revolver.[224] Harrison also used a Gibson J-160E and a Gibson SG Standard while recording the album.[225] He later painted his Stratocaster in a psychedelic design that included the word "Bebopalula" above the pickguard and the guitar's nickname, "Rocky", on the headstock.[226] He played this guitar in the Magical Mystery Tour film and throughout his solo career.[227] In mid-1968 he acquired a Gibson Les Paul that he nicknamed "Lucy".[228] Around this time, he obtained a Gibson Jumbo J-200, which he used for early demos of "While My Guitar Gently Weeps".[229] In late 1968 Fender Musical Instruments Corporation gave Harrison a custom-made Fender Telecaster Rosewood prototype, made especially for him by Philip Kubicki[230] (who years later would start his own business, Factor), a Fender master builder who also crafted a prototype Stratocaster for Jimi Hendrix.[231] In August 2017, Fender released a "Limited Edition George Harrison Rosewood Telecaster" modeled after a Telecaster Roger Rossmeisel originally created for Harrison.[232]
Collaborations[edit]
See also: Apple Records and Dark Horse Records
From 1968 onward Harrison collaborated with other musicians; he brought in Eric Clapton to play lead guitar on "While My Guitar Gently Weeps" for the 1968 Beatles' White Album,[233] and collaborated with John Barham on his 1968 debut solo album, Wonderwall Music, which included contributions from Clapton again, as well as Peter Tork from the Monkees.[234] He played on tracks by Dave Mason, Nicky Hopkins, Alvin Lee, Ronnie Wood, Billy Preston and Tom Scott.[235] Harrison co-wrote songs and music with Dylan, Clapton, Preston, Doris Troy, David Bromberg, Gary Wright, Wood, Jeff Lynne, and Tom Petty, among others.[236] Harrison's music projects during the final years of the Beatles included producing Apple Records artists Doris Troy, Jackie Lomax and Billy Preston.[237]
Harrison co-wrote the song "Badge" with Clapton, which was included on Cream's 1969 album, Goodbye.[238] Harrison played rhythm guitar on the track, using the pseudonym "L'Angelo Misterioso" for contractual reasons.[239] In May 1970 he played guitar on several songs during a recording session for Dylan's album New Morning.[240] In addition to his own work, between 1971 and 1973 he co-wrote and/or produced three top ten hits for Starr: "It Don't Come Easy", "Back Off Boogaloo" and "Photograph".[241] In 1971 he played electric slide guitar on "How Do You Sleep?" and a dobro on "Crippled Inside", both from Lennon's Imagine album.[242] Also that year, he produced and played slide guitar on Badfinger's top ten hit "Day After Day", and a dobro on Preston's "I Wrote a Simple Song".[243][nb 16] He worked with Harry Nilsson on "You're Breakin' My Heart" (1972) and with Cheech & Chong on "Basketball Jones" (1973).[245] In 1973 he produced and made a guest appearance on the album Shankar Family & Friends.[246]
In 1974 Harrison founded Dark Horse Records. In addition to eventually releasing his own albums on the label, he initially used the company as an avenue for collaboration with other musicians.[247] He wanted Dark Horse to serve as a creative outlet for artists, as Apple Records had for the Beatles.[248] Harrison explained: "Most of the stuff will be what I produce".[249] Eric Idle commented: "He's extremely generous, and he backs and supports all sorts of people that you'll never, ever hear of."[250] The first acts signed to the new label were Ravi Shankar and Splinter, whose album Harrison produced, which provided Dark Horse with their first hit, "Costafine Town".[251] Other artists signed by Dark Horse include Attitudes, Henry McCullough, Jiva, and Stairsteps.[252]
Harrison collaborated with Tom Scott on Scott's album New York Connection (1976), and in 1981 he played guitar on "Walk a Thin Line", from Mick Fleetwood's The Visitor.[253] In 1996 he recorded "Distance Makes No Difference With Love" with Carl Perkins, and played slide guitar on the title track of Dylan's Under the Red Sky album.[254] In 2001 he performed as a guest musician on Jeff Lynne and Electric Light Orchestra's comeback album Zoom, and on the song "Love Letters" for Bill Wyman's Rhythm Kings.[255] He also co-wrote a new song with his son Dhani, "Horse to the Water", which was recorded on 2 October, eight weeks before his death. It appeared on Jools Holland's album Small World, Big Band.[256]
Sitar and Indian music[edit]
Ravi Shankar, who taught Harrison the sitar (taken in 1969)
During the Beatles' American tour in August 1965, Harrison's friend David Crosby of the Byrds introduced him to Indian classical music and the work of sitar maestro Ravi Shankar.[257][258] Harrison described Shankar as "the first person who ever impressed me in my life ... and he was the only person who didn't try to impress me."[259] Harrison became fascinated with the sitar and immersed himself in Indian music.[260] According to Lavezzoli, Harrison's introduction of the instrument on the Beatles' song "Norwegian Wood" "opened the floodgates for Indian instrumentation in rock music, triggering what Shankar would call 'The Great Sitar Explosion' of 1966–67".[261] Lavezzoli recognises Harrison as "the man most responsible for this phenomenon".[262][nb 17]
In June 1966 Harrison met Shankar at the home of Mrs Angadi of the Asian Music Circle, asked to be his student, and was accepted.[264] Before this meeting, Harrison had recorded his Revolver track "Love You To", contributing a sitar part that Lavezzoli describes as an "astonishing improvement" over "Norwegian Wood" and "the most accomplished performance on sitar by any rock musician".[265] On 6 July, Harrison travelled to India to buy a sitar from Rikhi Ram & Sons in New Delhi.[264] In September, following the Beatles' final tour, he returned to India to study sitar for six weeks with Shankar.[264] He initially stayed in Bombay until fans learned of his arrival, then moved to a houseboat on a remote lake in Kashmir.[264] During this visit, he also received tutelage from Shambhu Das, Shankar's protégé.[266][267]
Harrison studied the instrument until 1968, when, following a discussion with Shankar about the need to find his "roots", an encounter with Clapton and Hendrix at a hotel in New York convinced him to return to guitar playing. Harrison commented: "I decided ... I'm not going to be a great sitar player ... because I should have started at least fifteen years earlier."[268] Harrison continued to use Indian instrumentation occasionally on his solo albums and remained strongly associated with the genre.[269] Lavezzoli groups him with Paul Simon and Peter Gabriel as the three rock musicians who have given the most "mainstream exposure to non-Western musics, or the concept of 'world music'".[270]
Personal life[edit]
Hinduism[edit]
Harrison, with Hare Krishna devotees Shyamasundara Dasa and Mukunda Goswami, in front of Jiva Goswami Samādhi in Vrindavan, India, 1996
By the mid-1960s Harrison had become an admirer of Indian culture and mysticism, introducing it to the other Beatles.[271] During the filming of Help! in the Bahamas, they met the founder of Sivananda Yoga, Swami Vishnu-devananda, who gave each of them a signed copy of his book, The Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga.[272] Between the end of the last Beatles tour in 1966 and the beginning of the Sgt Pepper recording sessions, he made a pilgrimage to India with his wife Pattie; there, he studied sitar with Ravi Shankar, met several gurus, and visited various holy places.[273] In 1968 he travelled to Rishikesh in northern India with the other Beatles to study meditation with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi.[273][nb 18] Harrison's use of psychedelic drugs encouraged his path to meditation and Hinduism. He commented: "For me, it was like a flash. The first time I had acid, it just opened up something in my head that was inside of me, and I realized a lot of things. I didn't learn them because I already knew them, but that happened to be the key that opened the door to reveal them. From the moment I had that, I wanted to have it all the time – these thoughts about the yogis and the Himalayas, and Ravi's music."[122]
In line with the Hindu yoga tradition, Harrison became a vegetarian in the late 1960s.[275] After being given various religious texts by Shankar in 1966, he remained a lifelong advocate of the teachings of Swami Vivekananda and Paramahansa Yogananda – yogis and authors, respectively, of Raja Yoga and Autobiography of a Yogi.[276] In mid-1969, he produced the single "Hare Krishna Mantra", performed by members of the London Radha Krishna Temple.[277] Having also helped the Temple devotees become established in Britain, Harrison then met their leader, A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, whom he described as "my friend … my master" and "a perfect example of everything he preached".[278] Harrison embraced the Hare Krishna tradition, particularly japa-yoga chanting with beads, and became a lifelong devotee.[277][nb 19]
Regarding other faiths he once remarked: "All religions are branches of one big tree. It doesn't matter what you call Him just as long as you call."[280] He commented on his beliefs:
Krishna actually was in a body as a person ... What makes it complicated is, if he's God, what's he doing fighting on a battlefield? It took me ages to try to figure that out, and again it was Yogananda's spiritual interpretation of the Bhagavad Gita that made me realise what it was. Our idea of Krishna and Arjuna on the battlefield in the chariot. So this is the point – that we're in these bodies, which is like a kind of chariot, and we're going through this incarnation, this life, which is kind of a battlefield. The senses of the body ... are the horses pulling the chariot, and we have to get control over the chariot by getting control over the reins. And Arjuna in the end says, "Please Krishna, you drive the chariot" because unless we bring Christ or Krishna or Buddha or whichever of our spiritual guides ... we're going to crash our chariot, and we're going to turn over, and we're going to get killed in the battlefield. That's why we say "Hare Krishna, Hare Krishna", asking Krishna to come and take over the chariot.[281]
Before his religious conversion, the only British performer known for similar activities had been Cliff Richard, whose conversion to Christianity in 1966 had gone largely unnoticed by the public. "By contrast," wrote Inglis, "Harrison's spiritual journey was seen as a serious and important development that reflected popular music's increasing maturity ... what he, and the Beatles, had managed to overturn was the paternalistic assumption that popular musicians had no role other than to stand on stage and sing their hit songs."[282]
Family and interests[edit]
Harrison and Pattie Boyd lived in Kinfauns in Surrey from 1964 to 1970
Harrison married model Pattie Boyd on 21 January 1966, with McCartney serving as best man.[283] Harrison and Boyd had met in 1964 during the production of the film A Hard Day's Night, in which the 19-year-old Boyd had been cast as a schoolgirl.[284] They separated in 1974 and their divorce was finalised in 1977.[285] Boyd said her decision to end the marriage was due largely to George's repeated infidelities. The last infidelity culminated in an affair with Ringo's wife Maureen, which Boyd called "the final straw".[286] She characterised the last year of their marriage as "fuelled by alcohol and cocaine", and she stated: "George used coke excessively, and I think it changed him ... it froze his emotions and hardened his heart."[287] She subsequently moved in with Eric Clapton, and they married in 1979.[288][nb 20]
Harrison married Dark Horse Records' secretary Olivia Trinidad Arias on 2 September 1978. They had met at the A&M Records offices in Los Angeles in 1974, and together had one son, Dhani Harrison, born on 1 August 1978.[290]
He restored the English manor house and grounds of Friar Park, his home in Henley-on-Thames, where several of his music videos were filmed including "Crackerbox Palace"; the grounds also served as the background for the cover of All Things Must Pass.[291][nb 21] He employed ten workers to maintain the 36-acre (150,000 m2) garden.[294] Harrison commented on gardening as a form of escapism: "Sometimes I feel like I'm actually on the wrong planet, and it's great when I'm in my garden, but the minute I go out the gate I think: 'What the hell am I doing here?'"[295] His autobiography, I, Me, Mine, is dedicated "to gardeners everywhere".[296] The former Beatles publicist Derek Taylor helped Harrison write the book, which said little about the Beatles, focusing instead on Harrison's hobbies, music and lyrics.[297] Taylor commented: "George is not disowning the Beatles ... but it was a long time ago and actually a short part of his life."[298]
Harrison had an interest in sports cars and motor racing; he was one of the 100 people who purchased the McLaren F1 road car.[299] He had collected photos of racing drivers and their cars since he was young; at 12 he had attended his first race, the 1955 British Grand Prix at Aintree.[299][300] He wrote "Faster" as a tribute to the Formula One racing drivers Jackie Stewart and Ronnie Peterson. Proceeds from its release went to the Gunnar Nilsson cancer charity, set up after the Swedish driver's death from the disease in 1978.[301] Harrison's first extravagant car, a 1964 Aston Martin DB5, was sold at auction on 7 December 2011 in London. An anonymous Beatles collector paid £350,000 for the vehicle that Harrison had bought new in January 1965.[302]
Relationships with the other Beatles[edit]
For most of the Beatles' career the relationships in the group were close. According to Hunter Davies, "the Beatles spent their lives not living a communal life, but communally living the same life. They were each other's greatest friends." Harrison's ex-wife Pattie Boyd described how the Beatles "all belonged to each other" and admitted, "George has a lot with the others that I can never know about. Nobody, not even the wives, can break through or even comprehend it."[303] Starr said, "We really looked out for each other and we had so many laughs together. In the old days we'd have the biggest hotel suites, the whole floor of the hotel, and the four of us would end up in the bathroom, just to be with each other". He added, "there were some really loving, caring moments between four people: a hotel room here and there – a really amazing closeness. Just four guys who loved each other. It was pretty sensational."[304]
Lennon stated that his relationship with Harrison was "one of young follower and older guy ... [he] was like a disciple of mine when we started."[305] The two later bonded over their LSD experiences, finding common ground as seekers of spirituality. They took radically different paths thereafter, Harrison finding God and Lennon coming to the conclusion that people are the creators of their own lives.[306] In 1974 Harrison said of his former bandmate: "John Lennon is a saint and he's heavy-duty, and he's great and I love him. But at the same time, he's such a bastard – but that's the great thing about him, you see?"[307]
Harrison and McCartney were the first of the Beatles to meet, having shared a school bus, and often learned and rehearsed new guitar chords together.[308] McCartney stated that he and Harrison usually shared a bedroom while touring.[309] McCartney was best man at Harrison's wedding in 1966, and was the only Beatle in attendance.[310] McCartney has referred to Harrison as his "baby brother".[311] In a 1974 BBC radio interview with Alan Freeman, Harrison stated: "[McCartney] ruined me as a guitar player".[312] Perhaps the most significant obstacle to a Beatles reunion after the death of Lennon was Harrison and McCartney's personal relationship, as both men admitted that they often got on each other's nerves.[313] Rodriguez commented: "Even to the end of George's days, theirs was a volatile relationship".[314]
Humanitarian work[edit]
Harrison was involved in humanitarian and political activism throughout his life. In the 1960s, the Beatles supported the civil rights movement and protested against the Vietnam War. After the band's break-up, Ravi Shankar consulted Harrison about how to provide aid to the people of Bangladesh after the 1970 Bhola cyclone and the Bangladesh Liberation War.[315] Harrison recorded the song "Bangla Desh", and pushed Apple Records to release his song alongside Shankar's "Joy Bangla" in an effort to raise funds.[316] Shankar then asked for Harrison's advice about planning a small charity event in the US. Harrison responded by organising the Concert for Bangladesh, which raised more than $240,000.[317] In June 1972, UNICEF honoured Harrison and Shankar with the "Child Is the Father of Man" award at an annual ceremony in recognition of their fundraising efforts for Bangladesh.[318]
The George Harrison Humanitarian Fund for UNICEF, a joint effort between the Harrison family and the US Fund for UNICEF, aims to support programmes that help children caught in humanitarian emergencies.[319] In December 2007, they donated $450,000 to help the victims of Cyclone Sidr in Bangladesh.[319] On 13 October 2009, the first George Harrison Humanitarian Award went to Ravi Shankar for his efforts in saving the lives of children, and his involvement with the Concert for Bangladesh.[320]
HandMade Films[edit]
Main article: HandMade Films
In 1973 Peter Sellers introduced Harrison to Denis O'Brien. Soon after, the two went into business together.[321] In 1978, in an effort to produce Monty Python's Life of Brian, they formed the film production and distribution company HandMade Films.[322] Harrison explained: "The name of the company came about as a bit of a joke. I'd been to Wooky Hole in Somerset ... [near] an old paper mill where they show you how to make old underpants into paper. So I bought a few rolls, and they had this watermark 'British Handmade Paper' ... So we said ... we'll call it Handmade Films."[321]
Their opportunity for investment came after EMI Films withdrew funding at the demand of their chief executive, Bernard Delfont.[323] Harrison financed the production of Life of Brian in part by mortgaging his home, which Idle later called "the most anybody's ever paid for a cinema ticket in history".[250] The film grossed $21 million at the box office in the US.[321] The first film distributed by HandMade Films was The Long Good Friday (1980), and the first they produced was Time Bandits (1981), a co-scripted project by Monty Python's Terry Gilliam and Michael Palin.[324] The film featured a new song by Harrison, "Dream Away", in the closing credits.[325] Time Bandits became one of HandMade's most successful and acclaimed efforts; with a budget of $5 million, it earned $35 million in the US within ten weeks of its release.[325]
Harrison served as executive producer for 23 films with HandMade, including Mona Lisa, Shanghai Surprise and Withnail and I. He made several cameo appearances in these films, including a role as a nightclub singer in Shanghai Surprise, for which he recorded five new songs.[326] According to Ian Inglis, Harrison's "executive role in HandMade Films helped to sustain British cinema at a time of crisis, producing some of the country's most memorable movies of the 1980s."[327] Following a series of box office bombs in the late 1980s, and excessive debt incurred by O'Brien which was guaranteed by Harrison, HandMade's financial situation became precarious.[328][329] The company ceased operations in 1991 and was sold three years later to Paragon Entertainment, a Canadian corporation.[330] Afterwards, Harrison sued O'Brien for $25 million for fraud and negligence, resulting in an $11.6 million judgement in 1996.[331]
Later life and death: 1997–2001[edit]
In 1997, Harrison was diagnosed with throat cancer; he was treated with radiotherapy, which was thought at the time to be successful.[332] He publicly blamed years of smoking for the illness.[333]
On 30 December 1999, Harrison and his wife were attacked at their home, Friar Park. Michael Abram, a 36-year-old man, broke in and attacked Harrison with a kitchen knife, puncturing a lung and causing head injuries before Olivia Harrison incapacitated the assailant by striking him repeatedly with a fireplace poker and a lamp.[332][334] Abram suffered from paranoid schizophrenia, believing that Harrison was an extraterrestrial and that the Beatles were witches from Hell who rode broomsticks. During the attack, Harrison repeatedly shouted "Hare Krishna" at Abram. During the trial, a psychiatrist testified that Abram told him he would have stopped the attack if Harrison had talked normally to him.[335][336][337][338] Following the attack, Harrison was hospitalised with more than 40 stab wounds. He released a statement soon afterwards regarding his assailant: "[he] wasn't a burglar, and he certainly wasn't auditioning for the Traveling Wilburys."[339][nb 22]
In May 2001, it was revealed that Harrison had undergone an operation to remove a cancerous growth from one of his lungs,[343] and in July, it was reported that he was being treated for a brain tumour at a clinic in Switzerland.[344] While in Switzerland, Starr visited him but had to cut short his stay in order to travel to Boston, where his daughter was undergoing emergency brain surgery, prompting Harrison to quip: "Do you want me to come with you?"[345] In November 2001, he began radiotherapy at Staten Island University Hospital in New York City for non-small cell lung cancer which had spread to his brain.[346]
When the news was made public, Harrison bemoaned his physician's breach of privacy, and his estate later claimed damages.[nb 23]
On 12 November 2001 in New York, Harrison, Starr and McCartney came together for the last time.[352] Less than three weeks later, on 29 November 2001, Harrison died at a friend's home in Los Angeles, aged 58.[353] He was cremated at Hollywood Forever Cemetery and his funeral was held at the Self-Realization Fellowship Lake Shrine in Pacific Palisades, California.[354] His close family scattered his ashes according to Hindu tradition in a private ceremony in the Ganges and Yamuna rivers near Varanasi, India.[355] He left almost £100 million in his will.[356]
Harrison's final album, Brainwashed (2002), was released posthumously after it was completed by his son Dhani and Jeff Lynne.[357] A quotation from the Bhagavad Gita is included in the album's liner notes: "There never was a time when you or I did not exist. Nor will there be any future when we shall cease to be."[358] A media-only single, "Stuck Inside a Cloud", which Leng described as "a uniquely candid reaction to illness and mortality", achieved number 27 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart.[359][360] The single "Any Road", released in May 2003, peaked at number 37 on the UK Singles Chart.[141] "Marwa Blues" went on to receive the 2004 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance, while "Any Road" was nominated for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance.[361]
Legacy[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by George Harrison
In June 1965, Harrison and the other Beatles were appointed Members of the Order of the British Empire (MBE).[362] They received their insignia from the Queen at an investiture at Buckingham Palace on 26 October.[363] In 1971 the Beatles received an Academy Award for the best Original Song Score for the film Let It Be.[364] The minor planet 4149 Harrison, discovered in 1984, was named after him,[365] as was a variety of Dahlia flower.[366] In December 1992 he became the first recipient of the Billboard Century Award, an honour presented to music artists for significant bodies of work.[367] The award recognised Harrison's "critical role in laying the groundwork for the modern concept of world music" and for his having "advanced society's comprehension of the spiritual and altruistic power of popular music".[368] Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 11 in their list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".[187]
In 2002, on the first anniversary of his death, the Concert for George was held at the Royal Albert Hall. Eric Clapton organised the event, which included performances by many of Harrison's friends and musical collaborators, including McCartney and Starr.[369] Eric Idle, who described Harrison as "one of the few morally good people that rock and roll has produced", performed Monty Python's "Lumberjack Song".[370] The profits from the concert went to Harrison's charity, the Material World Charitable Foundation.[369]
In 2004, Harrison was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist by his former bandmates Lynne and Petty, and into the Madison Square Garden Walk of Fame in 2006 for the Concert for Bangladesh.[371] On 14 April 2009, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce awarded Harrison a star on the Walk of Fame in front of the Capitol Records Building. McCartney, Lynne and Petty were present when the star was unveiled. Harrison's widow Olivia, the actor Tom Hanks and Idle made speeches at the ceremony, and Harrison's son Dhani spoke the Hare Krishna mantra.[372]
A documentary film entitled George Harrison: Living in the Material World, directed by Martin Scorsese, was released in October 2011. The film features interviews with Olivia and Dhani Harrison, Klaus Voormann, Terry Gilliam, Starr, Clapton, McCartney, Keltner and Astrid Kirchherr.[373]
Harrison was posthumously honoured with The Recording Academy's Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at the Grammy Awards in February 2015.[374][375]
Discography[edit]
Main articles: George Harrison discography and List of songs recorded by George Harrison
See also: The Beatles discography and Traveling Wilburys § Discography
Wonderwall Music (1968)
Electronic Sound (1969)
All Things Must Pass (1970)
Living in the Material World (1973)
Dark Horse (1974)
Extra Texture (Read All About It) (1975)
Thirty Three & 1/3 (1976)
George Harrison (1979)
Somewhere in England (1981)
Gone Troppo (1982)
Cloud Nine (1987)
Brainwashed (2002)
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Some published sources give Harold as Harrison's middle name;[1] others dispute that, based on the absence of any middle name on his birth certificate.
Jump up ^ Harrison also contributed the songs "If I Needed Someone" and "Think for Yourself" to Rubber Soul.[42]
Jump up ^ The Self-Realization Fellowship gurus Mahavatar Babaji, Lahiri Mahasaya, Sri Yukteswar and Paramahansa Yogananda appear on the Sgt Pepper cover at his request.[50]
Jump up ^ Further examples of Indian instrumentation from Harrison during his Beatles years include his tambura parts on McCartney's "Getting Better" (1967) and Lennon's "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" (1967), and sitar and tambura on Lennon's "Across the Universe" (1968).[53]
Jump up ^ In July 2006, it was determined that All Things Must Pass should have been credited as a number one album in the United Kingdom when first released in 1970–71. Because some sales were not properly counted, the album originally peaked at number four in Britain.[81]
Jump up ^ Early in the sessions, Clapton, Whitlock, Gordon and Carl Radle formed the short-lived band Derek and the Dominos.[85]
Jump up ^ In November 1971 Harrison appeared on The Dick Cavett Show, performing "Two-Faced Man" with Gary Wright.[97]
Jump up ^ In December 1974 the single, "Ding Dong, Ding Dong", reached number 38 in the UK.[82]
Jump up ^ Released during the same month, The Best of George Harrison (1976) combined several of his Beatles songs with a selection of his solo Apple work.[119] After Harrison's departure from the label, Capitol was able to license releases featuring Beatles and post-Beatles work on the same album.[120]
Jump up ^ Tom Scott provided production assistance on "Thirty Three & 1/3".[118] In November 1976, Harrison appeared on Saturday Night Live with Paul Simon.[122]
Jump up ^ Their estrangement had been marked by Harrison's longstanding dislike of Lennon's wife Yoko Ono, his refusal to allow her to participate in the Concert for Bangladesh, and, during the last year of Lennon's life, by Harrison's scant mention of Lennon in his autobiography, I, Me, Mine.[126]
Jump up ^ Harrison's set included "That's Alright Mama", "Glad All Over" and "Blue Suede Shoes".[133]
Jump up ^ In October 1989, Harrison assembled and released Best of Dark Horse 1976–1989, a compilation of his later solo work.[154] The release also included two new songs, "Poor Little Girl" and "Cockamamie Business", as well as "Cheer Down".[155]
Jump up ^ In 1992, Dark Horse Records released an album of recorded material from the shows titled Live in Japan.[158]
Jump up ^ Roger McGuinn liked the effect so much that it became his signature guitar sound with the Byrds.[196]
Jump up ^ Musician David Bromberg introduced Harrison to the dobro, an instrument that soon became one of his favourites.[244]
Jump up ^ Harrison was influential in the decision to have Shankar included on the bill at the Monterey Pop Festival in 1967, and at Woodstock in 1969.[263]
Jump up ^ Harrison credited English sculptor David Wynne as the person who first recommended the Mararishi as a "remarkable" yogi, after which the Beatles attended a lecture he gave in London in August 1967.[274]
Jump up ^ In 1972 he bequeathed to the International Society for Krishna Consciousness his Letchmore Heath mansion north of London. It was later converted to a temple and renamed Bhaktivedanta Manor.[279]
Jump up ^ Harrison had formed a close friendship with Clapton in the late 1960s, and he wrote one of his compositions for the Abbey Road album, "Here Comes the Sun", in Clapton's back garden.[289]
Jump up ^ The house had once belonged to the Victorian eccentric Sir Frank Crisp. Purchased in 1970, it is the basis for the song "Ballad of Sir Frankie Crisp (Let It Roll)".[292] Harrison also owned homes on Hamilton Island, Australia, and in Nahiku, Hawaii.[293]
Jump up ^ Abram, who believed he was possessed by Harrison and that he was on a mission from God to kill him,[340][341] was later acquitted of attempted murder on grounds of insanity and was detained for treatment in a secure hospital. He was released in 2002.[342]
Jump up ^ Harrison's estate complained that during a round of experimental radiotherapy at Staten Island University Hospital, the oncologist Dr Gilbert Lederman repeatedly revealed Harrison's confidential medical information during television interviews and forced him to autograph a guitar.[347][348][349][350] The suit was ultimately settled out of court under the condition that the guitar be "disposed of".[351]
References[edit]
Citations
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Jump up ^ Gilmore 2002, pp. 34, 36.
Jump up ^ "2015 Rock Hall inductees". Radio.com. Archived from the original on 17 December 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, p. 20.
Jump up ^ Gould 2007, p. 55.
Jump up ^ Miles 2001, p. 6.
Jump up ^ Harry 2000, p. 492.
Jump up ^ Harry 2000, p. 492; Leng 2006, p. 24.
Jump up ^ Boyd 2007, p. 82.
Jump up ^ Spitz 2005, p. 120.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 2.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, pp. 20–21.
Jump up ^ Miles 2001, p. 7.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. xiii.
Jump up ^ Everett 2001, p. 36
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 7
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, pp. 22–23.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 302, 303–04.
Jump up ^ "Rock & Roll Hall of Fame: George Harrison Biography". rockhall.com. Archived from the original on 12 September 2015. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Laing, Dave (30 November 2001). "George Harrison, 1943–2001: Former Beatle George Harrison dies from cancer aged 58". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 27 December 2013. Retrieved 25 December 2012. ; Leng 2006, pp. 302–304: Harrison's earliest musical influences.
Jump up ^ Lange 2001, p. 6.
Jump up ^ Harrison, George (2000). The Beatles Anthology. New York: Chronicle Books. p. 28.
Jump up ^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, p. 17: Dutch Egmond; Boyd 2007, p. 82: His father was apprehensive about his interest in pursuing a music career.
Jump up ^ http://www.triumphpc.com/mersey-beat/beatles/beatlesbrowser-four3.shtml
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, p. 17; Everett 2001, p. 36: A friend of his father's taught Harrison some chords; Spitz 2005, p. 120; Gray, Sadie (20 July 2007). "Lives in Brief: Peter Harrison". The Times. Archived from the original on 10 August 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2007. (subscription required)
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. xiii–xiv; Miles 2001, p. 13.
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Jump up ^ Laing, Dave (30 November 2001). "George Harrison 1943–2001". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 27 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
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Jump up ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 194.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 19; Schaffner 1980, pp. 75–78.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, pp. 35–36.
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Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 22: (secondary source); Reck, D.B. (1985). "Beatles Orientalis: Influences from Asia in a Popular Song Form". Asian Music. XVI: 83–150. doi:10.2307/834014. JSTOR 834014. : (primary source)
Jump up ^ Winn 2009, p. 74.
Jump up ^ Tillery 2011, pp. 59–60.
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Jump up ^ Everett 1999, pp. 111–112; Leng 2006, pp. 29–30.
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Jump up ^ Everett 1999, pp. 103–06, 156–58.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, pp. 214–15.
^ Jump up to: a b Tillery 2011, p. 63.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, p. 118; Lavezzoli 2006, p. 183; Tillery 2011, p. 87.
Jump up ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 295–296.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, pp. 200–202: "While My Guitar Gently Weeps"; Harry 2003, p. 254: "Long, Long, Long"; Harry 2003, p. 329: "Savoy Truffle"; Greene 2006, p. 110: "Piggies".
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 52.
^ Jump up to: a b Leng 2006, pp. 39–52.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 60–63.
Jump up ^ Miles 2001, p. 354.
Jump up ^ Gould 2007, p. 576; Bronson 1992, p. 262.
Jump up ^ Fricke 2002, p. 178.
Jump up ^ Spignesi & Lewis 2009, p. 97: "Something" is the Beatles' second most covered song after "Yesterday"; Gilmore 2002, p. 39: Lennon considered "Something" the best song on Abbey Road.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 185.
Jump up ^ Bronson 1992, p. 275.
^ Jump up to: a b c Howard 2004, pp. 36–37.
^ Jump up to: a b George-Warren 2001, p. 413.
Jump up ^ Lewisohn 1988, p. 195.
Jump up ^ Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 508: Electronic Sound; Lavezzoli 2006, p. 182: Wonderwall Music.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 393: Wonderwall Music as first LP released by Apple Records; Strong 2004, p. 481: Wonderwall Music as first solo album released by a Beatle.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 393: Khan and Sharma; Leng 2006, pp. 49–50: "Dream Scene".
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 63–65.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 67.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 64, 84.
Jump up ^ Schaffner 1980, p. 155.
Jump up ^ Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 508.
Jump up ^ Bogdanov, Woodstra & Erlewine 2002, p. 181.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. xv, 23.
Jump up ^ "icLiverpool – Number one for Harrison at last". icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ Schaffner 1978, p. 142.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 78.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 101.
Jump up ^ Frontani 2009, pp. 158, 266.
Jump up ^ Gerson, Ben (21 January 1971). "George Harrison – All Things Must Pass". Archived from the original on 28 April 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 30.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 147–148.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 251–252.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 16.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 12–13.
Jump up ^ "Concert for Bangladesh". Concert For Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 16 November 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Harry 2003, pp. 132–136.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 181–206; Harry 2003, pp. 132–138; Harry 2003, p. 135: "Mainly the concert was to attract attention to the situation".
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 135.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 72.
Jump up ^ Bronson 1992, p. 336: Peak US chart position for "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)"; Rosen 1996, p. 162: US chart data on Living in the Material World.
Jump up ^ Schaffner 1978, pp. 158–159.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 194.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 195.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. 43, 46.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 166, 195.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. 48–49; Leng 2006, p. 167.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 224–228; Greene 2006, p. 213; Huntley 2006, p. 115; Inglis 2010, p. 49; Leng 2006, p. 162: "an excellent show"; Tillery 2011, pp. 114–115.
^ Jump up to: a b c Inglis 2010, p. 49.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, pp. 213–214; Doggett 2009, pp. 224–226.
Jump up ^ Rodriguez 2010, p. 258.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 173, 177.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 213.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 114.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 213: failed to reach the UK top 30; Harry 2003, pp. 142–143: Peak US chart positions, failure to impact UK charts.
Jump up ^ Gilmore 2002, p. 46.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 180.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. 54–55.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 179.
Jump up ^ Schaffner 1978, pp. 209–210.
^ Jump up to: a b Leng 2006, p. 187.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 28–29.
Jump up ^ Schaffner 1978, p. 188.
^ Jump up to: a b Schaffner 1978, p. 192.
^ Jump up to: a b Glazer 1977, p. 41.
Jump up ^ "George Harrison – George Harrison". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 22 September 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Leng 2006, p. 210.
^ Jump up to: a b Harry 2003, p. 247.
^ Jump up to: a b Doggett 2009, pp. 265–266; Harry 2003, p. 246.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 273.
Jump up ^ George-Warren 2001, p. 414.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 17–18.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 17–18, 349–350, 367.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 84; Leng 2006, pp. 212, 236.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 287.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, pp. 259–260.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 368.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, pp. 202–203.
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^ Jump up to: a b "Cloud Nine – George Harrison : Awards". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "George Harrison". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on 4 January 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Planer, Lindsay. "Got My Mind Set On You". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 29 November 2012. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 246–247.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 294–295; Williams 2004, pp. 129–138.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 240; Tillery 2011, p. 133.
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Jump up ^ Hurwitz, Matt (11 June 2007). "Wilburys set to travel again". USA Today. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
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Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 295: the Wilburys never performed live; Harry 2003, p. 381: the Wilburys did not record together again following the release of their second album.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 98.
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Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 28, 98.
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Jump up ^ Welch, Chris (1 December 2001). "George Harrison". The Independent. Archived from the original on 5 December 2008. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 150; Leng 2006, pp. 273–274.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, p. 286.
Jump up ^ Harry 2000, p. 428; Everett 1999, pp. 287–292.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 319: Harrison refusing to record a third song; Roberts 2005, p. 54: release date for "Real Love".
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 259.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 568.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 586.
Jump up ^ "George Harrison: On This Day". georgeharrison.com. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, p. 84.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 159–160.
Jump up ^ Harry 2000, pp. 551: "I Need You", 1190: "You Like Me Too Much".
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. xv.
Jump up ^ Gilmore 2002, pp. 38–39.
Jump up ^ Miles 1997, p. 554: (primary source); Fawcett 1977, p. 96: (secondary source).
Jump up ^ Schinder & Schwartz 2008, p. 174.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. xv: most Beatles albums contain at least two Harrison compositions, 7:Revolver.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 31.
Jump up ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 243.
Jump up ^ Spitz 2005, p. 837.
^ Jump up to: a b Womack 2006, p. 189.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 15.
Jump up ^ Gilmore 2002, p. 37.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 316.
Jump up ^ David Simons (February 2003). "The Unsung Beatle". Acoustic Guitar. Archived from the original on 10 October 2007. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
Jump up ^ Kenneth Womack (1 February 2012). Reading the Beatles: Cultural Studies, Literary Criticism, and the Fab Four. SUNY Press. p. 80. ISBN 9780791481967. Archived from the original on 4 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2011, p. 194.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, p. 15.
^ Jump up to: a b Petty 2011, p. 58.
Jump up ^ Kitts 2002, p. 17.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 294–95: Perkins; Harry 2000, pp. 140–41: Berry; Keltner 2002, p. 231: Cooder.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 4–5.
Jump up ^ Everett 2001, p. 48.
^ Jump up to: a b c Everett 1999, p. 13.
Jump up ^ Everett 2001, pp. 62–63, 136.
^ Jump up to: a b Everett 2001, pp. 134–135.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, p. 120: "secret weapon"; Leng 2006, p. 14: Harrison helped to popularize the model.
Jump up ^ Doggett & Hodgson 2004, p. 82.
Jump up ^ Everett 2001, pp. 193–195.
Jump up ^ Everett 2001, pp. 284–285.
Jump up ^ Everett 2001, p. 318.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, p. 19: "altered scale degrees"; Everett 2001, p. 331: "ambiguous tonal coloring".
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, pp. 47, 49–51.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, p. 58: "I Want to Tell You"; Lavezzoli 2006, pp. 179–180: Harrison's guitar part for "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds",
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, p. 243.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, p. 244.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 35.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 140.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 42.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 12.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 84–85.
^ Jump up to: a b Leng 2006, p. 109.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 29–30: Performing "Between the Devil and the Deep Blue Sea" with Holland; Leng 2006, p. 232: Hawaiian influence on Gone Troppo.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 198.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 279.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, pp. 149, 232.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, pp. 65: "She Said She Said", 268: "Golden Slumbers", 196: "Birthday", 190: "Honey Pie".
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 205: "Faster", 230: "Wake Up My Love", 152: "Bye Bye Love".
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 18–19: Höfner President Acoustic, 22: Höfner Club 40 model.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 25–27.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 110–112: Harrison used Gretsch models played through a Vox amplifier; Bacon 2005, p. 65: the Gretsch Duo Jet featured on the album cover for Cloud Nine.
Jump up ^ Bacon 2005, p. 65.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 52–55: Gretsch 6128 Duo Jet; 89–91, 99–101: Gretsch 6122 Country Gentleman; 105–106: Gretsch 6119–62 Tennessee Rose.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 94–97: Rickenbacker 425 Fireglo; Smith 1987, pp. 77–79: Harrison acquired his first Rickenbacker 360/12 in New York in February 1964. It was the second of its kind to be manufactured.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, p. 157.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 180–182, 198: Epiphone Casino.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 72–75: Gibson J-160E, 180–183: Fender Stratocaster and Gibson SG.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 156–157, 206–207: Fender Stratocaster "Rocky".
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 224–225.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 224–225: Gibson Les Paul "Lucy".
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 223–224: Gibson Jumbo J-200.
Jump up ^ "Newscaster – Fender Experience". Fender News. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014.
Jump up ^ Babiuk 2002, pp. 237–239: Fender Telecaster.
Jump up ^ "Fender Limited Edition George Harrison Rosewood Telecaster with Case". American Musical. Archived from the original on 23 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Kenneth Womack (12 November 2009). The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles. Cambridge University Press. p. 55. ISBN 9780521869652. Archived from the original on 22 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Graeme Thomson (11 October 2013). George Harrison: Behind The Locked Door. Music Sales Group. p. 174. ISBN 9780857128584. Archived from the original on 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 55.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 162–163: Dylan, 121–125: Eric Clapton, 303–304: Billy Preston, 381–382: Doris Troy, 41: David Bromberg, 171: Ronnie Wood, 395: Gary Wright, 257–258: Jeff Lynne, 295–296: Tom Petty.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 55: Lomax; 59: Preston; 60–62: Troy.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 53.
Jump up ^ Winn 2009, p. 229.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 283.
Jump up ^ Schaffner 1980, p. 164.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 108–109.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 108: "I Wrote a Simple Song"; Matovina 2000, p. 136.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 73, 108.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 140.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 138, 148, 169, 171, 328.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 147.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 224; Inglis 2010, p. 59.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 146.
^ Jump up to: a b Doggett 2009, p. 262.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 147; Huntley 2006, p. 106.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 146, 149.
Jump up ^ Kot 2002, p. 194: "Walk a Thin Line"; Leng 2006, p. 187: New York Connection.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 109: "Distance Makes No Difference With Love" 384: Under the Red Sky.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, pp. 303–304.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 119.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 20.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 147.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2011, p. 216.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 172.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 171.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, pp. 171–172.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, pp. 106, 172.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lavezzoli 2006, p. 176.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 175.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, p. 206.
Jump up ^ Everett 1999, p. 71.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2002, p. 57: (primary source); Lavezzoli 2006, pp. 184–185: (secondary source).
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, pp. 172–173, 197.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 81.
Jump up ^ Schaffner 1980, pp. 77–78.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 173.
^ Jump up to: a b Doggett 2009, p. 33.
Jump up ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 260.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, p. 69: In line with the Hindu yoga tradition; Clayson 2003, p. 208; Greene 2006, p. 158: Harrison became a vegetarian in the late 1960s.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, pp. 68–73; Tillery 2011, pp. 56–58.
^ Jump up to: a b Partridge 2004, p. 153.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, pp. 267–70; Chant and Be Happy 1997, pp. 26–27.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 87; Tillery 2011, p. 111.
Jump up ^ Tillery 2011, p. 78.
Jump up ^ Glazer 1977, pp. 39–40.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 11.
Jump up ^ Miles 2007, p. 210.
Jump up ^ Boyd 2007, p. 60.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 210: Divorce date; Doggett 2009, p. 209: separated in 1974.
Jump up ^ Boyd 2007, pp. 179–180.
Jump up ^ Boyd 2007, p. 181.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 261.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 227; Leng 2006, p. 53.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 217–218, 223–224; Inglis 2010, pp. 50, 82.
Jump up ^ Greene 2006, pp. 226–227.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 94.
Jump up ^ For Hamilton Island, Australia see: Tillery 2011, p. 128; for Nahiku, Hawaii see: Huntley 2006, p. 283
Jump up ^ Davies 2009, p. 360.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2011, p. 357.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 170; Tillery 2011, p. 121.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 265–266: I, Me, Mine said little about the Beatles; Huntley 2006, p. 170: Derek Taylor helped Harrison write the book; Tillery 2011, p. 121: I, Me, Mine included the lyrics, with comments by Harrison.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 266.
^ Jump up to: a b Buckley 2004, p. 127.
Jump up ^ "BBC On This Day 1955: Moss claims first Grand Prix victory". BBC News. 17 July 1955. Archived from the original on 7 March 2008. Retrieved 23 December 2008.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 167.
Jump up ^ Knapman, Chris (12 December 2011). "Ex-Beatles Aston Martin sells at auction". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012. ; "Mystery Texas Collector to Give Beatle George Harrison's Aston Martin DB5 its U.S. Debut at The Concours d'Elegance of Texas". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Davies 2009, p. 325.
Jump up ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 357.
Jump up ^ Sheff 1981, p. 148.
Jump up ^ Tillery 2011, p. 122.
Jump up ^ Harrison 1975, p. event occurs at 30 minutes 3–15 seconds.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, pp. xiii–xiv.
Jump up ^ Goodman, Joan. "Playboy interview: Paul and Linda McCartney". Playboy (December 1984): 84.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 86.
Jump up ^ Poole, Oliver; Davies, Hugh (1 December 2001). "I'll always love him, he's my baby brother, says tearful McCartney". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, pp. 138–139.
Jump up ^ Gilmore 2002, p. 48.
Jump up ^ Rodriguez 2010, p. 24.
Jump up ^ "The Concert For Bangladesh". The Concert For Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 12 October 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Dooley, Sean Patrick (1 August 2011). "This Day in Music Spotlight:George Harrison's Concert for Bangladesh". Gibson. Archived from the original on 31 January 2013. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 173–174; "Cinema: Sweet Sounds". Time. 17 April 1972. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 274.
^ Jump up to: a b "The George Harrison Fund for UNICEF". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
Jump up ^ "Ravi Shankar Receives First-Ever George Harrison Humanitarian Award". georgeharrison.com. 13 October 2009. Archived from the original on 12 October 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c Harry 2003, p. 211.
Jump up ^ Davies 2009, pp. 362–363; Doggett 2009, p. 262.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 211–212.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 212.
^ Jump up to: a b Inglis 2010, p. 83.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 244.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. xvi.
Jump up ^ Sellers, Robert (2013). Very Naughty Boys: The Amazing True Stories of HandMade Films. London: Titan Books. ISBN 9781781167083.
Jump up ^ Dawtrey 2002, p. 207.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, pp. 214–15.
Jump up ^ Morris, Chris. "George Harrison Wins $11.6 Mill. In Suit Vs. Ex-Partner" Billboard 3 February 1996: 13
^ Jump up to: a b Lyall, Sarah (31 December 1999). "George Harrison Stabbed in Chest by an Intruder". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 4 July 2010. Retrieved 22 February 2010.
Jump up ^ "Ex-Beatle blamed smoking for his cancer". Daily Mail. Archived from the original on 14 December 2014. Retrieved 10 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Idle 2005, pp. 277–278.
Jump up ^ "Season 2 - Episode 18". They Walk Among Us. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Jury out in Beatle stab trial". 15 November 2000. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "Judge says doctors failed knifeman who saw Beatles on broomsticks". 16 November 2000. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "Harrison's attacker cleared of attempted murder after court decides he". The Independent. 16 November 2000. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 328.
Jump up ^ "Beatle's attacker says sorry". BBC News. 16 November 2000. Archived from the original on 3 January 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Morris, Steve (14 November 2000). "The night George Harrison thought he was dying". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Freed Beatle's attacker sorry". BBC News. 5 July 2002. Archived from the original on 8 May 2009. Retrieved 13 December 2008.
Jump up ^ Jury, Louise (4 May 2001). "George Harrison undergoes surgery for cancer". The Independent. Archived from the original on 9 July 2010. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Fleck, Fiona; Laville, Sandra (9 July 2001). "George Harrison being treated in cancer clinic". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 May 2008. Retrieved 27 December 2008.
Jump up ^ Thorpe, Vanessa; Dowell, Ben (3 September 2011). "George Harrison and his women – Martin Scorsese's new documentary reveals the candid truth". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Carpenter, Jeff (9 November 2001). "George Harrison Receives Radiation Treatment". ABC News. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2010.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, pp. 330–331.
Jump up ^ Civil Action CV040033 (NGG) Archived 18 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine. (PDF), Complaint, United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, The Estate of George Harrison v Gilbert Lederman. The allegations about the autograph appear on page 10 of the Complaint.
Jump up ^ Goldman, Andrew (21 May 2005). "The Doctor Can't Help Himself". New York. Archived from the original on 20 August 2009. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 331.
Jump up ^ Glaberson, William (17 January 2004). "Harrison Estate Settles Suit Over Guitar Autographed by Dying Beatle". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
Jump up ^ Desborough, James; Fowler, Stewart (2 December 2001). "George Harrison Born 1943 – Died 2001: Macca and Ringo's secret Beatles Last Supper with deathbed George". The People. Archived from the original on 3 May 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Harry 2003, p. 119: Harrison's date of death; "George Harrison's Death Certificate". The Smoking Gun. Archived from the original on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2012. : Harrison's cause of death.
Jump up ^ O'Connor, Anne-Marie (25 March 2004). "Inner-peace movement: Many in L.A. turn to Eastern spiritualism to be 'interior designers' of their minds. It's a tonic for frenzied lives". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Lavezzoli 2006, p. 198; Doggett 2009, p. 332
Jump up ^ "Harrison leaves £99m will". BBC News. 29 November 2002. Retrieved 19 September 2009. Harrison left £99,226,700, reduced to £98,916,400 after expenses, a High Court spokeswoman confirmed.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 118; Leng 2006, p. 293.
Jump up ^ Inglis 2010, p. 118.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 300.
Jump up ^ "Brainwashed – George Harrison: Awards". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 11 February 2013. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Grammy Award Winners". The New York Times. 16 January 2013. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009. Retrieved 24 December 2008.
Jump up ^ London Gazette 1965, pp. 5487–5489.
Jump up ^ Lewisohn 1992, pp. 203–204.
Jump up ^ "Results Page – Academy Awards Database". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 29 December 2012. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "(4149) Harrison". Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. Archived from the original on 9 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "Dahlia Name Origins". Dahlia World. Archived from the original on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Billboard Century Awards Music Artists Biography – Music Artist Interviews". Billboard. Archived from the original on 30 April 2008. Retrieved 19 December 2008.
Jump up ^ White, Timothy (5 December 1992). "George Harrison, First Recipient of the Century Award". Billboard. p. 21.
^ Jump up to: a b Harry 2003, pp. 138–139.
Jump up ^ Doggett 2009, p. 262: "one of the few morally good people"; Harry 2003, pp. 138–139: Eric Idle performed Python's "Lumberjack Song".
Jump up ^ For his posthumous induction into the Madison Square Garden Walk of Fame see: Carter, Rachel Bonham (1 August 2006). "George Harrison honoured on 35th anniversary of 'Concert for Bangladesh'". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 19 December 2008. ; For his posthumous induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist see: "George Harrison". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "George Harrison honoured on Hollywood Walk of Fame". CBC News. 15 April 2009. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 29 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Scorsese's George Harrison film gets Liverpool premiere". BBC News. 15 September 2011. Archived from the original on 24 September 2011. Retrieved 10 October 2011.
Jump up ^ "George Harrison Honored with Lifetime Achievement Grammy". jambands.com. 28 December 2014. Archived from the original on 29 December 2014. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "2015 Lifetime Achievement Award: George Harrison". Grammy.com. 6 February 2015. Archived from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2015.
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Frontani, Michael (2009). "The Solo Years". In Womack, Kenneth. The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles. Cambridge Companions to Music. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-1398-2806-2.
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Gilmore, Mikal (2002). "The Mystery Inside George". In Fine, Jason. Harrison: By the Editors of Rolling Stone. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-7432-3581-5.
Giuliano, Geoffrey; Giuliano, Brenda (1998). The Lost Lennon Interviews. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-6470-9.
Glazer, Mitchell (1977). "Growing Up at 33⅓: The George Harrison Interview". Crawdaddy (February).
Gould, Jonathan (2007). Can't Buy Me Love: The Beatles, Britain and America (First Paperback ed.). Three Rivers Press. ISBN 978-0-307-35338-2.
Greene, Joshua M (2006). Here Comes the Sun: The Spiritual and Musical Journey of George Harrison. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-12780-3.
Harrison, George (2002) [1980]. I, Me, Mine. Phoenix. ISBN 978-0-7538-1734-6.
Harrison, Olivia (2011). George Harrison: Living in the Material World. Abrams. ISBN 978-1-4197-0220-4.
Harrison, George (5 October 1975). "Rock Around the World". 61 (Interview). Interview with Alan Freeman.
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Harry, Bill (2003). The George Harrison Encyclopedia. Virgin Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7535-0822-0.
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Huntley, Elliot (2006) [2004]. Mystical One: George Harrison: After the Break-up of the Beatles. Guernica Editions. ISBN 978-1-55071-197-4.
Idle, Eric (2005). The Greedy Bastard Diary: A Comic Tour of America. Harper Entertainment. ISBN 0060758643.
Inglis, Ian (2010). The Words and Music of George Harrison. Praeger. ISBN 978-0-313-37532-3.
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Lavezzoli, Peter (2006). The Dawn of Indian Music in the West. Continuum. ISBN 978-0-8264-1815-9.
Leng, Simon (2006) [2003]. While My Guitar Gently Weeps: The Music of George Harrison. SAF Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1-4234-0609-9.
Lewisohn, Mark (1992). The Complete Beatles Chronicle:The Definitive Day-By-Day Guide to the Beatles' Entire Career (2010 ed.). Chicago Review Press. ISBN 978-1-56976-534-0.
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Matovina, Dan (2000). Without You: The Tragic Story of Badfinger. Frances Glover Books. ISBN 978-0-9657122-2-4.
Miles, Barry (1997). Many Years From Now. Vintage-Random House. ISBN 978-0-436-28022-1.
Miles, Barry (2007). The Beatles Diary: An Intimate Day by Day History. World Publications Group. ISBN 978-1-57215-010-2.
Miles, Barry (2001). The Beatles Diary: Volume 1: The Beatles Years. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-8308-3.
Partridge, Christopher (2004). The Re-enchantment of the West: Alternative Spiritualities, Sacralisation, Popular Culture, and Occulture, Vol. 1 (illustrated ed.). Continuum. ISBN 978-0-567-08408-8.
Petty, Tom (8 December 2011). Wenner, Jann, ed. "Rolling Stone: The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time: George Harrison". Rolling Stone (1145).
Roberts, David, ed. (2005). British Hit Singles & Albums (18 ed.). Guinness World Records Limited. ISBN 978-1-904994-00-8.
Rodriguez, Robert (2010). Fab Four FAQ 2.0: The Beatles' Solo Years, 1970–1980. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-1-4165-9093-4.
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Schaffner, Nicholas (1980). The Boys from Liverpool: John, Paul, George, and Ringo. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-416-30661-3.
Schinder, Scott; Schwartz, Andy (2008). Icons of Rock: An Encyclopedia of the Legends who Changed Music Forever. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-33845-8.
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Spignesi, Stephen; Lewis, Michael (2009). 100 Best Beatles Songs: A Passionate Fan's Guide. Black Dog & Leventhal. ISBN 978-1-57912-842-5.
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Tillery, Gary (2011). Working Class Mystic: A Spiritual Biography of George Harrison. Quest. ISBN 978-0-8356-0900-5.
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Womack, Kenneth (2006) [2002]. "Ten Great Beatles Moments". In Skinner Sawyers, June. Read the Beatles: Classic and New Writings on the Beatles, Their Legacy, and Why They Still Matter. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-303732-3.
Further reading[edit]
Barrow, Tony (2005). John, Paul, George, Ringo & Me: The Real Beatles Story. Thunder's Mouth. ISBN 978-1-56025-882-7.
Clayson, Alan (2003). George Harrison. Sanctuary. ISBN 978-1-86074-959-9.
Ingham, Chris (2009). The Rough Guide to the Beatles: The Story, the Songs, the Solo Years (3rd ed.). Rough Guides. ISBN 978-1-84353-140-1.
Kirchherr, Astrid; Voormann, Klaus (1999). Hamburg Days. Genesis Publications. ISBN 978-0-904351-73-6.
Martin, George (1979). All You Need Is Ears. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-11482-4.
Martin, George; Pearson, William (1994). Summer of Love: The Making of Sgt. Pepper. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-333-60398-7.
Unterberger, Richie (2006). The Unreleased Beatles: Music & Film. Backbeat Books. ISBN 978-0-87930-892-6.
Documentaries[edit]
Scorsese, Martin (2012). George Harrison: Living in the Material World (Anamorphic, Color, Dolby, NTSC, Surround Sound, Widescreen) (DVD). UMe. ASIN B007JWKLMO.
External links[edit]
Biography portal
Music portal
The Beatles portal
Wikiquote has quotations related to: George Harrison
Wikimedia Commons has media related to George Harrison.
George Harrison at Encyclopædia Britannica
George Harrison at AllMusic
RollingStone.com – George Harrison's Greatest Musical Moments
"George Harrison". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
George Harrison – Daily Telegraph obituary
George Harrison in the Hollywood Walk of Fame Directory
George Harrison on IMDb
George Harrison at the TCM Movie Database
Works by or about George Harrison in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
BBC News article on Harrison's death, George Harrison: Life in pictures and UK version with different pictures
[show]
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e
George Harrison
Studio albums
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Dark Horse
Extra Texture (Read All About It)
Thirty Three & 1/3
George Harrison
Somewhere in England
Gone Troppo
Cloud Nine
Brainwashed
Live albums
The Concert for Bangladesh
Live in Japan
Compilations
The Best of George Harrison
Best of Dark Horse 1976–1989
Let It Roll: Songs by George Harrison
Early Takes: Volume 1
Box sets
The Dark Horse Years 1976–1992
Collaborations (with Ravi Shankar)
The Apple Years 1968–75
George Harrison – The Vinyl Collection
Books
I, Me, Mine
Songs by George Harrison
Songs by George Harrison 2
Raga Mala (as editor)
Related
Articles
Discography
Songs
Awards and nominations
Asian Music Circle
Bhaktivedanta Manor
The Concert for Bangladesh
Concert for George
Dark Horse Records
Friar Park
Harrisongs
"Homer's Barbershop Quartet"
"Horse to the Water"
Kinfauns
Material World Charitable Foundation
Ravi Shankar's Music Festival from India
1974 North American tour
1991 Japanese tour
Wonderful Tonight: George Harrison, Eric Clapton, and Me
People
John Barham
The Beatles
Pattie Boyd (wife)
Eric Clapton
Derek and the Dominos
Olivia Harrison (wife)
Dhani Harrison (son)
Jim Keltner
Jeff Lynne
A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada
The Quarrymen
Radha Krishna Temple
The Rutles
Ravi Shankar
Derek Taylor
Traveling Wilburys
Klaus Voormann
Gary Wright
Albums
Is This What You Want?
That's the Way God Planned It
Doris Troy
Encouraging Words
The Radha Krsna Temple
Joi Bangla (EP)
Footprint
Straight Up
Raga
Brother
In Concert 1972
Shankar Family & Friends
The Place I Love
Ravi Shankar's Music Festival from India
Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1
Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3
Ravi Shankar: In Celebration
Chants of India
Films
HandMade Films
All You Need Is Cash
Blue Suede Shoes: A Rockabilly Session
The Concert for Bangladesh (film)
Concert for George (film)
George Harrison: Living in the Material World
Little Malcolm
Monty Python's Life of Brian
Raga
Tributes
Songs from the Material World: A Tribute to George Harrison
"Never Without You"
Concert for George (album)
Harrison on Harrison: Jazz Explorations of George Harrison
Tribute To
George Fest
Book
Category
[show]
v
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George Harrison singles discography
1970s
1970
"My Sweet Lord" / "Isn't It a Pity" (US)
1971
"My Sweet Lord" / "What Is Life" (UK)
"What Is Life" / "Apple Scruffs" (US)
"Bangla Desh" / "Deep Blue"
1973
"Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)" / "Miss O'Dell"
1974
"Dark Horse" / "I Don't Care Anymore" (US)
"Ding Dong, Ding Dong" / "I Don't Care Anymore" (UK)
"Ding Dong, Ding Dong" / "Hari's on Tour (Express)" (US)
1975
"Dark Horse" / "Hari's on Tour (Express)" (UK)
"You" / "World of Stone"
"This Guitar (Can't Keep from Crying)" / "Māya Love" (US)
1976
"This Guitar (Can't Keep from Crying)" / "Māya Love" (UK)
"This Song" / "Learning How to Love You"
1977
"Crackerbox Palace" / "Learning How to Love You" (US)
"True Love" / "Pure Smokey" (UK)
"It's What You Value" / "Woman Don't You Cry for Me" (UK)
1979
"Blow Away" / "Soft Touch" (UK)
"Blow Away" / "Soft-Hearted Hana" (US)
"Love Comes to Everyone" / "Soft-Hearted Hana" (UK)
"Love Comes to Everyone" / "Soft Touch" (US)
"Faster" / "Your Love Is Forever" (UK)
1980s
1981
"All Those Years Ago" / "Writing's on the Wall"
"Teardrops" / "Save the World"
1982
"Wake Up My Love" / "Greece"
1983
"I Really Love You" / "Circles"
"Dream Away" / "Unknown Delight" (Japan)
1985
"I Don't Want to Do It" / "Queen of the Hop"
1986
"Shanghai Surprise" (promo)
1987
"Got My Mind Set on You" / "Lay His Head"
"Devil's Radio" (promo)
1988
"When We Was Fab" / "Zig Zag"
"Cloud 9" (promo)
"This Is Love" / "Breath Away from Heaven"
1989
"Cheer Down" / "That's What It Takes" (US)
"Cheer Down" / "Poor Little Girl" (UK)
"Poor Little Girl" (promo)
2000s
2001
"My Sweet Lord (2000)" / "All Things Must Pass" (jukebox)
2002
"My Sweet Lord" / "Let It Down"
"Stuck Inside a Cloud" (promo)
2003
"Any Road" / "Marwa Blues"
[show]
v
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e
The Beatles
John Lennon
Paul McCartney
George Harrison
Ringo Starr
Stuart Sutcliffe
Pete Best
History
The Quarrymen
In Hamburg
At The Cavern Club
Decca audition
Beatlemania in the United Kingdom
North American releases
In the United States
More popular than Jesus
In Bangor
In India
Breakup
Murder of John Lennon
Anthology
Love (Cirque du Soleil)
The Beatles: Rock Band
Line-ups
Religious views
Timeline
Live performances
1960 Johnny Gentle Tour
Winter 1963 Helen Shapiro UK Tour
1963 Roy Orbison Tour
1964 world tour
1965 European tour
1965 US tour
1965 UK tour
1966 tour of Germany, Japan and the Philippines
1966 US tour
Rooftop concert
List of live performances
Associated places
34 Montagu Square, Marylebone
Abbey Road, London
Abbey Road Studios
The Bag O'Nails
Beatlemania Hamburg
Beatles-Platz
Blue Angel
The Casbah Coffee Club
Candlestick Park
The Cavern Club
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Ex-members of the Beatles and the Quarrymen
Full Timeline
Guitarists/Bassists
John Lennon (1956–69)
Eric Griffiths (1956–58)
Paul McCartney (1957–70)
George Harrison (1958–70)
Ken Brown (1959–60)
Stu Sutcliffe (1960–61)
Chas Newby (December 1960)
Pianists
John "Duff" Lowe (1958)
Billy Preston (1969)
Drummers
Colin Hanton (1956–59)
Tommy Moore (1960)
Norman Chapman (1960)
Pete Best (1960–62)
Ringo Starr (1962–70)
Andy White (August 1962)
Jimmie Nicol (June 1964)
Tea-chest bassists
Ivan Vaughan (1956)
Nigel Walley (1956–57)
Len Garry (1957)
Other
Rod Davis (bajoist, 1956-57)
Pete Shotton (washboardist, 1956–57)
[show]
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Traveling Wilburys
Bob Dylan
George Harrison
Jeff Lynne
Roy Orbison
Tom Petty
Studio albums
Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1
Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3
Compilations
The Traveling Wilburys Collection
Songs and singles
"Handle with Care"
"Tweeter and the Monkey Man"
"End of the Line"
"Nobody's Child"
"She's My Baby"
"Inside Out"
"Wilbury Twist"
Related
Jim Keltner
Dhani Harrison
Full Moon Fever
Book
Category
[show]
v
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Plastic Ono Band
John Lennon
Yoko Ono
Members 1969–1974
Eric Clapton
Klaus Voormann
Alan White
Ringo Starr
Delaney Bramlett
Bonnie Bramlett
Jim Gordon
George Harrison
Nicky Hopkins
Bobby Keys
Keith Moon
Billy Preston
Jim Price
Hugh McCracken
Stuart Scharf
David Spinozza
Kenneth Ascher
Michael Brecker
Arthur Jenkins
David Friedman
Pete Kleinow
Don Brooks
Jeremy Steig
Jesse Ed Davis
Eddie Mottau
Members 2009–present
Sean Lennon
Cornelius
Yuka Honda
Michael Leonhart
Erik Friedlander
Albums
Live Peace in Toronto 1969
John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band
Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band
Some Time in New York City
Approximately Infinite Universe
Feeling the Space
Mind Games
Walls and Bridges
Shaved Fish
Live in New York City
Don't Stop Me!
Between My Head and the Sky
The Flaming Lips with Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band
Take Me to the Land of Hell
Singles
"Give Peace a Chance"
"Cold Turkey"
"Instant Karma!"
"Mother
"Power to the People
"Happy Xmas (War Is Over)"
"Woman Is the Nigger of the World"
"Now or Never"
"Death of Samantha"
"Mind Games"
"Whatever Gets You thru the Night"
"#9 Dream
Related articles
List of Plastic Ono Band lineups
Elephant's Memory
The Dirty Mac
Toronto Rock and Roll Revival
Category
[show]
v
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Academy Award for Best Original Score
1930s
Louis Silvers (1934)
Max Steiner (1935)
Leo F. Forbstein (1936)
Charles Previn (1937)
Erich Wolfgang Korngold/Alfred Newman (1938)
Herbert Stothart/Richard Hageman, W. Franke Harling, John Leipold, Leo Shuken (1939)
1940s
Leigh Harline, Paul J. Smith, Ned Washington/Alfred Newman (1940)
Bernard Herrmann/Frank Churchill and Oliver Wallace (1941)
Max Steiner/Ray Heindorf and Heinz Roemheld (1942)
Alfred Newman/Ray Heindorf (1943)
Max Steiner/Morris Stoloff and Carmen Dragon (1944)
Miklós Rózsa/Georgie Stoll (1945)
Hugo Friedhofer/Morris Stoloff (1946)
Miklós Rózsa/Alfred Newman (1947)
Brian Easdale/Johnny Green and Roger Edens (1948)
Aaron Copland/Roger Edens and Lennie Hayton (1949)
1950s
Franz Waxman/Adolph Deutsch and Roger Edens (1950)
Franz Waxman/Johnny Green and Saul Chaplin (1951)
Dimitri Tiomkin/Alfred Newman (1952)
Bronisław Kaper/Alfred Newman (1953)
Dimitri Tiomkin/Adolph Deutsch and Saul Chaplin (1954)
Alfred Newman/Robert Russell Bennett, Jay Blackton and Adolph Deutsch (1955)
Victor Young/Alfred Newman and Ken Darby (1956)
Malcolm Arnold (1957)
Dimitri Tiomkin/Andre Previn (1958)
Miklós Rózsa/Andre Previn and Ken Darby (1959)
1960s
Ernest Gold/Morris Stoloff and Harry Sukman (1960)
Henry Mancini/Saul Chaplin, Johnny Green, Sid Ramin and Irwin Kostal (1961)
Maurice Jarre/Ray Heindorf (1962)
John Addison/Andre Previn (1963)
Richard M. Sherman and Robert B. Sherman/Andre Previn (1964)
Maurice Jarre/Irwin Kostal (1965)
John Barry/Ken Thorne (1966)
Elmer Bernstein/Alfred Newman and Ken Darby (1967)
John Barry/Johnny Green (1968)
Burt Bacharach/Lennie Hayton and Lionel Newman (1969)
1970s
Francis Lai/The Beatles (John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr) (1970)
Michel Legrand/John Williams (1971)
Charlie Chaplin, Raymond Rasch and Larry Russell/Ralph Burns (1972)
Marvin Hamlisch/Marvin Hamlisch (1973)
Nino Rota and Carmine Coppola/Nelson Riddle (1974)
John Williams/Leonard Rosenman (1975)
Jerry Goldsmith/Leonard Rosenman (1976)
John Williams/Jonathan Tunick (1977)
Giorgio Moroder/Joe Renzetti (1978)
Georges Delerue/Ralph Burns (1979)
1980s
Michael Gore (1980)
Vangelis (1981)
John Williams/Henry Mancini and Leslie Bricusse (1982)
Bill Conti/Michel Legrand, Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1983)
Maurice Jarre/Prince (1984)
John Barry (1985)
Herbie Hancock (1986)
Ryuichi Sakamoto, David Byrne and Cong Su (1987)
Dave Grusin (1988)
Alan Menken (1989)
1990s
John Barry (1990)
Alan Menken (1991)
Alan Menken (1992)
John Williams (1993)
Hans Zimmer (1994)
Luis Enríquez Bacalov/Alan Menken and Stephen Schwartz (1995)
Gabriel Yared/Rachel Portman (1996)
James Horner/Anne Dudley (1997)
Nicola Piovani/Stephen Warbeck (1998)
John Corigliano (1999)
2000s
Tan Dun (2000)
Howard Shore (2001)
Elliot Goldenthal (2002)
Howard Shore (2003)
Jan A. P. Kaczmarek (2004)
Gustavo Santaolalla (2005)
Gustavo Santaolalla (2006)
Dario Marianelli (2007)
A. R. Rahman (2008)
Michael Giacchino (2009)
2010s
Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross (2010)
Ludovic Bource (2011)
Mychael Danna (2012)
Steven Price (2013)
Alexandre Desplat (2014)
Ennio Morricone (2015)
Justin Hurwitz (2016)
Alexandre Desplat (2017)
[show]
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Grammy Award for Album of the Year
1959–1979
The Music from Peter Gunn – Henry Mancini (1959)
Come Dance with Me! – Frank Sinatra (1960)
The Button-Down Mind of Bob Newhart – Bob Newhart (1961)
Judy at Carnegie Hall – Judy Garland (1962)
The First Family – Vaughn Meader (1963)
The Barbra Streisand Album – Barbra Streisand (1964)
Getz/Gilberto – Stan Getz, João Gilberto (1965)
September of My Years – Frank Sinatra (1966)
A Man and His Music – Frank Sinatra (1967)
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band – The Beatles (1968)
By the Time I Get to Phoenix – Glen Campbell (1969)
Blood, Sweat & Tears – Blood, Sweat & Tears (1970)
Bridge over Troubled Water – Simon & Garfunkel (1971)
Tapestry – Carole King (1972)
The Concert for Bangladesh – Various (1973)
Innervisions – Stevie Wonder (1974)
Fulfillingness' First Finale – Stevie Wonder (1975)
Still Crazy After All These Years – Paul Simon (1976)
Songs in the Key of Life – Stevie Wonder (1977)
Rumours – Fleetwood Mac (1978)
Saturday Night Fever – Bee Gees/Various (1979)
1980–2000
52nd Street – Billy Joel (1980)
Christopher Cross – Christopher Cross (1981)
Double Fantasy – John Lennon and Yoko Ono (1982)
Toto IV – Toto (1983)
Thriller – Michael Jackson (1984)
Can't Slow Down – Lionel Richie (1985)
No Jacket Required – Phil Collins (1986)
Graceland – Paul Simon (1987)
The Joshua Tree – U2 (1988)
Faith – George Michael (1989)
Nick of Time – Bonnie Raitt (1990)
Back on the Block – Quincy Jones and various artists (1991)
Unforgettable... with Love – Natalie Cole (1992)
Unplugged – Eric Clapton (1993)
The Bodyguard – Whitney Houston (1994)
MTV Unplugged – Tony Bennett (1995)
Jagged Little Pill – Alanis Morissette (1996)
Falling into You – Celine Dion (1997)
Time Out of Mind – Bob Dylan (1998)
The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill – Lauryn Hill (1999)
Supernatural – Santana (2000)
2001–present
Two Against Nature – Steely Dan (2001)
O Brother, Where Art Thou? Soundtrack (2002)
Come Away with Me – Norah Jones (2003)
Speakerboxxx/The Love Below – Outkast (2004)
Genius Loves Company – Ray Charles and various artists (2005)
How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb – U2 (2006)
Taking the Long Way – Dixie Chicks (2007)
River: The Joni Letters – Herbie Hancock (2008)
Raising Sand – Robert Plant & Alison Krauss (2009)
Fearless – Taylor Swift (2010)
The Suburbs – Arcade Fire (2011)
21 – Adele (2012)
Babel – Mumford & Sons (2013)
Random Access Memories – Daft Punk (2014)
Morning Phase – Beck (2015)
1989 – Taylor Swift (2016)
25 – Adele (2017)
24K Magic – Bruno Mars (2018)
[show]
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Best-selling singles by year in the United Kingdom
1952–1969
1952: "Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart" – Vera Lynn (UK)
1953: "I Believe" – Frankie Laine
1954: "Secret Love" – Doris Day
1955: "Rose Marie" – Slim Whitman
1956: "I'll Be Home" – Pat Boone
1957: "Diana" – Paul Anka
1958: "Jailhouse Rock" – Elvis Presley
1959: "Living Doll" – Cliff Richard (UK)
1960: "It's Now or Never" – Elvis Presley
1961: "Wooden Heart" – Elvis Presley
1962: "I Remember You" – Frank Ifield (UK)
1963: "She Loves You" – The Beatles (UK)
1964: "Can't Buy Me Love" – The Beatles (UK)
1965: "Tears" – Ken Dodd (UK)
1966: "Green, Green Grass of Home" – Tom Jones (UK)
1967: "Release Me" – Engelbert Humperdinck (UK)
1968: "Hey Jude" – The Beatles (UK)
1969: "Sugar, Sugar" – The Archies
1970–1989
1970: "The Wonder of You" – Elvis Presley
1971: "My Sweet Lord" – George Harrison (UK)
1972: "Amazing Grace" – The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards Band (UK)
1973: "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" – Tony Orlando and Dawn
1974: "Tiger Feet" – Mud (UK)
1975: "Bye Bye Baby" – Bay City Rollers (UK)
1976: "Save Your Kisses for Me" – Brotherhood of Man (UK)
1977: "Mull of Kintyre" / "Girls' School" – Wings (UK)
1978: "Rivers of Babylon" / "Brown Girl in the Ring" – Boney M.
1979: "Bright Eyes" – Art Garfunkel
1980: "Don't Stand So Close to Me" – The Police (UK)
1981: "Don't You Want Me" – The Human League (UK)
1982: "Come On Eileen" – Dexys Midnight Runners (UK)
1983: "Karma Chameleon" – Culture Club (UK)
1984: "Do They Know It's Christmas?" – Band Aid (UK)
1985: "The Power of Love" – Jennifer Rush
1986: "Don't Leave Me This Way" – The Communards (UK)
1987: "Never Gonna Give You Up" – Rick Astley (UK)
1988: "Mistletoe and Wine" – Cliff Richard (UK)
1989: "Ride on Time" – Black Box
1990–2009
1990: "Unchained Melody" – The Righteous Brothers
1991: "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" – Bryan Adams
1992: "I Will Always Love You" – Whitney Houston
1993: "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" – Meat Loaf
1994: "Love Is All Around" – Wet Wet Wet (UK)
1995: "Unchained Melody" – Robson & Jerome (UK)
1996: "Killing Me Softly" – Fugees
1997: "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" / "Candle in the Wind 1997" – Elton John (UK)
1998: "Believe" – Cher
1999: "...Baby One More Time" – Britney Spears
2000: "Can We Fix It?" – Bob the Builder (UK)
2001: "It Wasn't Me" – Shaggy featuring Rikrok (UK)
2002: "Anything Is Possible" / "Evergreen" – Will Young (UK)
2003: "Where Is the Love?" – The Black Eyed Peas
2004: "Do They Know It's Christmas?" – Band Aid 20 (UK)
2005: "Is This the Way to Amarillo" – Tony Christie featuring Peter Kay (UK)
2006: "Crazy" – Gnarls Barkley
2007: "Bleeding Love" – Leona Lewis (UK)
2008: "Hallelujah" – Alexandra Burke (UK)
2009: "Poker Face" – Lady Gaga
2010–present
2010: "Love the Way You Lie" – Eminem featuring Rihanna
2011: "Someone Like You" – Adele (UK)
2012: "Somebody That I Used to Know" – Gotye featuring Kimbra
2013: "Blurred Lines" – Robin Thicke featuring T.I. & Pharrell Williams
2014: "Happy" – Pharrell Williams
2015: "Uptown Funk" – Mark Ronson (UK) featuring Bruno Mars
2016: "One Dance" – Drake featuring Wizkid and Kyla (UK)
2017: "Shape of You" - Ed Sheeran (UK)
[show]
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Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Class of 2004
Performers
Jackson Browne
The Dells (Verne Allison, Chuck Barksdale, Johnny Carter, Johnny Funches, Marvin Junior, Michael McGill)
George Harrison
Prince
Bob Seger
Traffic (Jim Capaldi, Dave Mason, Steve Winwood, Chris Wood)
ZZ Top (Frank Beard, Billy Gibbons, Dusty Hill)
Lifetime achievement
Jann Wenner
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 37102012
LCCN: n81041845
ISNI: 0000 0001 2128 3634
GND: 118701738
SELIBR: 211747
SUDOC: 082333297
BNF: cb138949902 (data)
BIBSYS: 90935473
ULAN: 500290341
MusicBrainz: 42a8f507-8412-4611-854f-926571049fa0
NLA: 36196566
NDL: 00442560
NKC: jn20000700675
BNE: XX1002662
SNAC: w6ns2k9g
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Harrison&oldid=835629090"
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Sivananda Yoga

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