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2020 Summer Olympics
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"Tokyo 2020" redirects here. For the Paralympics, see 2020 Summer Paralympics.
Games of the XXXII Olympiad
Host city
Tokyo, Japan
Motto
Discover Tomorrow
(Japanese: 未来（あした）をつかもう, ashita o tsukamō)[1]
Nations
207 (expected)
Athletes
11,091 (expected)
Events
339 in 33 sports (50 disciplines)
Opening
24 July (23 months from now)
Closing
9 August
Stadium
New National Stadium
Summer
← Rio 2016
Paris 2024 →
Winter
← Pyeongchang 2018
Beijing 2022 →
Part of a series on
2020 Summer Olympics[show]
Bid process (bid details)
Development (venues, torch relay)
Marketing (mascots)
Broadcasters
Opening ceremony (flag bearers)
Chronological summary
Medal table (medallists)
Controversies
World and Olympic records
Closing ceremony (flag bearers)
Paralympics
IOC
JOC
TOCOG
v
t
e
The 2020 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad (Japanese: 第三十二回オリンピック競技大会, Hepburn: Dai Sanjūni-kai Orinpikku Kyōgi Taikai)[2] and commonly known as Tokyo 2020, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020.
Tokyo was selected as the host city during the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013.[3] These Games will mark the return of the Summer Olympics to Tokyo for the first time since 1964, and the fourth Olympics overall to be held in Japan, following the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo and the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. They will be the second of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, following the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, and preceding the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China.
These Games will see the introduction of additional disciplines within several of the Summer Olympics sports, including 3x3 basketball, freestyle BMX and Madison cycling, as well as further mixed events. Under new IOC policies that allow sports to be added to the Games' programme to augment the permanent "core" Olympic events, these Games will see karate, sport climbing, surfing and skateboarding make their Olympic debuts, and the return of baseball and softball (which were removed from the summer programme after 2008).
Contents
1 Bidding process
1.1 Host city election
2 Development and preparation
3 Venues and infrastructure
3.1 Heritage Zone
3.2 Tokyo Bay Zone
3.3 Outlying Venues
3.4 Football venues
3.5 Non-competition venues
4 Tickets
5 The Games
5.1 Sports
5.1.1 New sports
5.2 Participating Countries
5.3 Calendar
5.3.1 Event scheduling
6 Marketing
6.1 Emblem
6.2 Mascot
6.3 Video games
7 Sponsors
8 Concerns and controversies
8.1 IAAF bribery claims
8.2 Logo plagiarism
9 Broadcasting
10 References
11 External links
Bidding process[edit]
Further information: Bids for the 2020 Summer Olympics
Tokyo, Istanbul, and Madrid were the three candidate cities. The applicant cities of Baku (Azerbaijan) and Doha (Qatar) were not promoted to candidate status. A bid from Rome was withdrawn.
Host city election[edit]
The IOC voted to select the host city of the 2020 Summer Olympics on 7 September 2013 at the 125th IOC Session at the Buenos Aires Hilton in Buenos Aires, Argentina. An exhaustive ballot system was used. No city won over 50% of the votes in the first round, and Madrid and Istanbul were tied for second place. A run-off vote between these two cities was held to determine which would be eliminated. In the final vote, a head-to-head contest between Tokyo and Istanbul, Tokyo was selected by 60 votes to 36, as it got at least 49 votes needed for a majority.
2020 Summer Olympics host city election[4][dead link]
City NOC name Round 1 Runoff Round 2
Tokyo Japan 42 — 60
Istanbul Turkey 26 49 36
Madrid Spain 26 45 —
Development and preparation[edit]
The Tokyo metropolitan government set aside a fund of 400 billion Japanese yen (over 3.67 billion USD) to cover the cost of hosting the Games. The Japanese government is considering increasing slot capacity at both Haneda Airport and Narita International Airport by easing airspace restrictions. A new railway line is planned to link both airports through an expansion of Tokyo Station, cutting travel time from Tokyo Station to Haneda from 30 minutes to 18 minutes, and from Tokyo Station to Narita from 55 minutes to 36 minutes; the line would cost 400 billion yen and would be funded primarily by private investors. But East Japan Railway Company (East JR) is planning a new route near Tamachi to Haneda Airport.[5] Funding is also planned to accelerate completion of the Central Circular Route, Tokyo Gaikan Expressway and Ken-Ō Expressway, and to refurbish other major expressways in the area.[6] There are also plans to extend the Yurikamome automated transit line from its existing terminal at Toyosu Station to a new terminal at Kachidoki Station, passing the site of the Olympic Village, although the Yurikamome would still not have adequate capacity to serve major events in the Odaiba area on its own.[7]
The Organizing Committee is headed by former Prime Minister Yoshirō Mori.[8] Olympic and Paralympic Minister Shunichi Suzuki is overseeing the preparations on behalf of the Japanese government.[9]
Japan has traditionally used Olympic events to showcase new technology. Telecom company NTT DoCoMo signed a deal with Finland's Nokia to provide 5G-ready baseband networks in Japan in time for the Olympics.[10][11]
Venues and infrastructure[edit]
The Tokyo Big Sight Conference Tower would be used as the IBC-MPC Complex.
View of the Rainbow Bridge from Odaiba Marine Park
It was confirmed in February 2012 that the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo would be demolished and reconstructed, and receive a £1 billion upgrade for the 2019 Rugby World Cup as well as the 2020 Olympics.[12] As a result, a design competition for the new stadium was launched. In November 2012, the Japan Sport Council announced that out of 46 finalists, Zaha Hadid Architects was awarded the design for the new stadium. Plans included dismantling the original stadium, and expanding the capacity from 50,000 to a modern Olympic capacity of about 80,000.[13] However, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzō Abe announced in July 2015 that plans to build the New National Stadium would be scrapped and rebid on amid public discontent over the stadium's building costs. In Autumn 2015 a new design by Kengo Kuma was approved as winning project of new stadium design competition which decreased the capacity to between 60,000–80,000 depending by event[14]
Twenty-eight of the thirty-three competition venues in Tokyo are within 8 kilometres (4.97 miles) of the Olympic Village. Eleven new venues are to be constructed.[15]
It was reported in September 2016 that a review panel said that the cost of hosting the Olympics and Paralympics could quadruple from the original estimate, and therefore proposed a major overhaul to the current plan to reduce costs, including moving venues outside Tokyo.[16]
Heritage Zone[edit]
Seven venues for nine sports will be located within the central business area of Tokyo, northwest of the Olympic Village. Several of these venues were also used for the 1964 Summer Olympics.
Yokohama Stadium – Baseball
Venue
Events
Capacity
Status
Olympic Stadium Opening and closing ceremonies 60,102 Under construction
Athletics
Football (women's final 7 August)
Yoyogi National Gymnasium Handball 13,291 Existing
Ryōgoku Kokugikan Boxing 11,098 Existing
Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium Table tennis 10,000 Existing
Nippon Budokan Judo 14,471 Existing
Karate
Tokyo International Forum Weightlifting 5,012 Existing
Imperial Palace Garden Athletics (marathon, race walk) 5,000 seated, unlimited standing room along route Temporary
Musashinonomori Park[17] Road cycling (start road races) Temporary
Tokyo Bay Zone[edit]
This article needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2018)
13 venues for 15 sports will be located in the vicinity of Tokyo Bay, southeast of the Olympic Village, predominantly on Ariake, Odaiba and the surrounding artificial islands.
Venue
Events
Capacity
Status
Kasai Rinkai Park Canoeing (slalom) 8,000 Under construction
Oi Seaside Park Field hockey 15,000 Under construction[18]
Olympic Aquatics Centre Aquatics (swimming, diving, synchronized swimming) 15,000 Under construction
Tokyo Tatsumi International Swimming Center Water polo[19] 3,635 Existing
Yumenoshima Park Archery 7,000 Under construction[20]
Ariake Arena Volleyball 15,000 Under construction
Olympic BMX Course BMX cycling 6,000 Under construction
Skateboarding
Olympic Gymnastic Centre Gymnastics (artistic, rhythmic, trampoline) 12,000 Temporary
Ariake Coliseum Tennis 20,000 (10,000 centre court; 5,000 court 1, 3,000 court 2, 8x250 match courts) Existing, Renovated
Odaiba Marine Park Triathlon 5,000 seated, unlimited standing room along route Existing with temporary stands
Aquatics (marathon swimming)
Shiokaze Park Beach volleyball 12,000 Temporary
Central Breakwater Equestrian (eventing) 20,000 Existing with temporary infrastructure
Rowing
Canoeing (sprint)
Aomi Urban Sports Venue 3x3 basketball 5,000 Temporary
Sport climbing
Outlying Venues[edit]
This article needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (July 2018)
Twelve venues for 16 sports will be situated farther than 8 kilometres (5 mi) from the Olympic Village.
Venue
Events
Capacity
Status
Camp Asaka Shooting Existing, renovated
Musashino Forest Sports Plaza Modern pentathlon (fencing) 10,000 Ready, built for the games
Badminton[21]
Ajinomoto Stadium Football 49,970[22] Existing
Modern pentathlon (excluding fencing)
Rugby sevens
Saitama Super Arena Basketball 22,000[23] Existing
Enoshima Sailing 10,000[24] Existing with temporary stands
Surfing
Makuhari Messe Fencing 6,000 Existing with temporary stands
Taekwondo
Wrestling 8,000[25]
Baji Koen Equestrian (dressage, jumping)[26] Existing with temporary stands
Kasumigaseki Country Club Golf 30,000[27][28] Existing with temporary stands
Izu Velodrome Track cycling 5,000[29] Existing, expanded
Izu Mountain Bike Course Mountain biking[30]
Yokohama Stadium Baseball 30,000[31] Existing
Softball
Fukushima Azuma Baseball Stadium Baseball (opening match) 30,000 Existing, renovated
Softball (opening match) [32]
Fuji International Speedway Road cycling
(finish road races and time trial) Existing
Football venues[edit]
The Sapporo Dome in Sapporo
International Stadium Yokohama, Yokohama; 70,000 (M/W preliminaries, women's quarterfinal and semifinal, men's quarterfinal and final, 10 matches)
Saitama Stadium, Saitama; 62,000 (M/W preliminaries and quarterfinal, semifinal and 3rd place, 11 matches)
Miyagi Stadium, Sendai; 48,000 (M/W preliminaries and quarterfinal, 10 matches)
Ajinomoto Stadium, Tokyo; 49,000 (M/W opening round of preliminaries only, 4 matches)
Kashima Soccer Stadium, Ibaraki; 42,000 (M/W preliminaries and M/W quarterfinal, semifinal, women's 3rd place, 10 matches)
Sapporo Dome, Sapporo; 42,000 (M/W preliminaries, 10 matches)
National Stadium, Tokyo; 60,000 (women's final only, FIFA could want to move this match to same venue than men's final in Yokohama)
[33]
Non-competition venues[edit]
Venue
Events
Imperial Hotel, Tokyo IOC
Harumi Futo Olympic Village
Tokyo Big Sight Media Press Center
International Broadcast Center
Tickets[edit]
The opening ceremony tickets will range from 12,000 to 300,000 yen, with a maximum price of 130,000 yen for the finals of athletics.[34] The average price of all the Olympic tickets is 7,700 yen. 50% of the tickets will be sold for 8,000 yen or less. A symbolic ticket price of 2,020 yen will be for families, groups resident in Japan and in conjunction with a school programme. Tickets will be sold through 40,000 shops in Japan and by mail order to Japanese addresses through the Internet.[35] International guests will need to visit Japan during the sales period or arrange for tickets through a third party, such as a travel agent.[36]
The Games[edit]
Sports[edit]
See also: Olympic sports
The official programme for the 2020 Summer Olympics was approved by the IOC executive board on 9 June 2017. The president of the IOC, Thomas Bach, stated that the goal for the Tokyo Games was to make them "more youthful, more urban" and to "include more women".[37][38]
The games will feature 339 events in 33 different sports, encompassing 50 disciplines. Alongside the five new sports that will be introduced in Tokyo, there will be fifteen new events within existing sports, including 3-on-3 basketball, freestyle BMX and Madison cycling, and new mixed events in several sports.
In the list below, the number of events in each discipline is noted in parentheses.
Aquatics
Diving (8)
Swimming (37)
Synchronized swimming (2)
Water polo (2)
Archery (5)
Athletics (48)
Badminton (5)
Baseball/Softball
Baseball (1)
Softball (1)
Basketball
Basketball (2)
3x3 basketball (2)
Boxing (13)
Canoeing
Slalom (4)
Sprint (12)
Cycling
BMX freestyle (2)
BMX racing (2)
Mountain biking (2)
Road cycling(4)
Track cycling(12)
Equestrian
Dressage (2)
Eventing (2)
Jumping (2)
Fencing (12)
Field hockey (2)
Football (2)
Golf (2)
Gymnastics
Artistic (14)
Rhythmic (2)
Trampoline (2)
Handball (2)
Judo (15)
Karate
Kata (2)
Kumite (6)
Modern pentathlon (2)
Rowing (14)
Rugby sevens (2)
Sailing (10)
Shooting (15)
Skateboarding (4)
Sport climbing (2)
Surfing (2)
Table tennis (5)
Taekwondo (8)
Tennis (5)
Triathlon (3)
Volleyball
Volleyball (2)
Beach volleyball (2)
Weightlifting (14)
Wrestling
Freestyle (12)
Greco-Roman (6)
New sports[edit]
As part of a goal to control costs and ensure that the Olympics remain "relevant to sports fans of all generations", the IOC assessed the 26 sports contested at the 2012 Olympics, with the remit of dropping one sport and thus retaining 25 "core" sports to join new entrants golf and rugby sevens at the 2020 Games. This move would bring the total number of sports to 27, one less than the requirement of 28 for the 2020 Olympics programme, thus leaving a single vacancy which the IOC would seek to fill from a shortlist containing seven unrepresented sports as well as the sport that had been dropped from the 2012 Olympics programme.
On 12 February 2013, IOC leaders voted to drop wrestling from the "core" programme for the 2020 Games; this was a surprising decision considering that wrestling is one of the oldest Olympic sports, having been included since the ancient Olympic Games and included in the original programme for the modern Games. The New York Times felt that the decision was based on the shortage of well-known talent and the absence of women's events in the sport.[39][40][41] Wrestling was duly added to the shortlist of applicants for inclusion in the 2020 Games, alongside the seven new sports that were put forward for consideration.
On 29 May 2013, it was announced that three sports had made the final shortlist: baseball/softball, squash and wrestling.[42] The other five sports were excluded from consideration at this point: karate, roller sports, sport climbing, wakeboarding, and wushu.[43] On 8 September 2013, at the 125th IOC Session, the IOC selected wrestling to be included in the Olympic programme for 2020 and 2024. Wrestling secured 49 votes, while baseball/softball and squash received 24 votes and 22 votes respectively.[44]
Under new IOC policies that shift the Games to an "event-based" programme rather than sport-based, the host organizing committee can now also propose the addition of sports to the programme. This rule is designed so that sports popular in the host country can be added to the programme to improve local interest.[45] As a result of these changes, a new shortlist of eight sports was unveiled on 22 June 2015, consisting of baseball/softball, bowling, karate, roller sports, sport climbing, squash, surfing, and wushu.[46] On 28 September 2015, organisers submitted their shortlist of five proposed sports to the IOC: baseball/softball, karate, sport climbing, surfing, and skateboarding.[47] The five proposed sports were approved on 3 August 2016 by the IOC during the 129th IOC Session in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and will be included in the sports programme for 2020 only, bringing the total number of sports at the 2020 Olympics to 33.[48][49]
Participating Countries[edit]
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Brazil
Canada
China
Croatia
Cyprus
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Great Britain
Greece
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Israel
Italy
Japan (host)
Netherlands
New Zealand
North Korea
Norway
Malaysia
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Russia
Singapore
Slovenia
South Korea
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Thailand
Turkey
United States
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Calendar[edit]
The 2020 schedule by session was approved by the IOC Executive Board on 18 July 2018, with the exception of swimming, diving, and synchronized swimming. A more detailed schedule by event is expected to be available in the spring of 2019.[50][51]
All times and dates use Japan Standard Time (UTC+9)
OC Opening ceremony ● Event competitions 1 Gold medal events CC Closing ceremony
July/August
22
Wed
23
Thu
24
Fri
25
Sat
26
Sun
27
Mon
28
Tue
29
Wed
30
Thu
31
Fri
1
Sat
2
Sun
3
Mon
4
Tue
5
Wed
6
Thu
7
Fri
8
Sat
9
Sun
Events
Ceremonies OC CC N/A
Archery ● 1 1 1 ● ● ● 1 1 5
Athletics ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 48
Badminton ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 5
Baseball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1
Basketball Basketball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 4
3x3 Basketball ● ● ● ● 2
Boxing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 13
Canoeing Slalom ● 1 1 ● 1 1 16
Sprint ● 4 ● 4 ● 4
Cycling Road cycling 1 1 2 22
Track cycling ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
BMX ● 2 ● 2
Mountain biking 1 1
Diving TBD 8
Equestrian ● ● 1 1 ● ● ● 2 ● 1 ● 1 6
Fencing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 12
Field hockey ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Football ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Golf ● ● ● 1 ● ● ● 1 2
Gymnastics Artistic ● ● 1 1 1 1 ● ● ● 18
Rhythmic ● 1 1
Trampolining 1 1
Handball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Judo ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 15
Karate ● ● ● 8
Modern pentathlon ● 1 1 2
Rowing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 14
Rugby sevens ● ● 1 ● ● 1 2
Sailing ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 10
Shooting ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 15
Skateboarding 1 1 1 1 4
Softball ● ● ● ● ● 1 1
Sport climbing ● ● 1 1 2
Surfing ● ● ● 2 2
Swimming TBD 37
Synchronized swimming TBD 2
Table tennis ● ● 1 ● ● 1 1 ● ● ● ● 1 1 5
Taekwondo 2 2 2 2 8
Tennis ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 3 5
Triathlon 1 1 1 3
Volleyball Beach volleyball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 4
Volleyball ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1
Water polo ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 1 1 2
Weightlifting ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 14
Wrestling ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 18
Daily medal events
339
Cumulative total
339
July/August
22
Wed
23
Thu
24
Fri
25
Sat
26
Sun
27
Mon
28
Tue
29
Wed
30
Thu
31
Fri
1
Sat
2
Sun
3
Mon
4
Tue
5
Wed
6
Thu
7
Fri
8
Sat
9
Sun
Total events

Event scheduling[edit]
In July 2018, FINA sided with U.S. broadcaster NBC in regards to the scheduling of swimming finals during the Games, in order to allow live primetime broadcasts in the Americas (following the precedent of swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang). Japanese broadcasters are against this proposal and requested evening sessions, since swimming is one of the country's most popular Olympic events. Due to this dispute, aquatics events were not included in the session schedule issued that month.[52]
Marketing[edit]
Emblem[edit]
The official emblems for the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics were unveiled on 25 April 2016; designed by Asao Tokolo, who won a nationwide design contest,[53] it takes the form of a ring in an indigo-coloured checkerboard pattern. The design is meant to "express a refined elegance and sophistication that exemplifies Japan".[54] The designs replaced a previous emblem which had been scrapped due to allegations that it plagiarized the logo of a Belgian theatre.[55]
Mascot[edit]
Miraitowa (left), the Olympic mascot, and Someity (right), the Paralympic mascot
Main article: Miraitowa and Someity
The Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee began accepting submissions for the official mascots of the Games from 1 to 14 August 2017. A total of 2,042 entries were received.[56] Three shortlisted entries were unveiled at the Kakezuka Elementary School on 7 December 2017. A poll was then conducted between 11 December 2017 and 22 February 2018 to choose the winning entry, with each participating elementary school class allocated one vote.[57][58] The results were announced on 28 February 2018. The winning entry was candidate pair A, created by Ryo Taniguchi, which received 109,041 votes, followed by Kana Yano's pair B with 61,423 votes and Sanae Akimoto's pair C with 35,291 votes. Miraitowa is a figure with blue checkered patterns inspired by the Games' official logo, which has old-fashioned charm and new innovation combined with a special power of instant teleportation. Both Miraitowa and Someity were named by the Organising Committee on 22 July 2018.[59]
Video games[edit]
Although Ubisoft acquired the video game rights to the 2018 Winter Olympics, Japanese video game publisher Sega secured the rights for the 2020 Summer Olympics as early as October 2016.[60] Sega has developed officially licensed Olympic video games for various platforms since the 2008 Summer Olympics, most notably the Mario & Sonic series.[60]
Sponsors[edit]
As of 2015[update] total sponsorship for the 2020 Games reached approximately $1.3 billion, setting an Olympics record (the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing attracted $1.2 billion).[61]
Concerns and controversies[edit]
IAAF bribery claims[edit]
In January 2016, the second part of a World Anti-Doping Agency commission report into corruption included a footnote detailing a conversation between Khalil Diack, son of former International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) president Lamine Diack, and Turkish officials heading up the Istanbul bid team.[62] A transcript of the conversation cited in the report suggested that a "sponsorship" payment of between US$4 million and 5 million had been made by the Japanese bid team "either to the Diamond League or IAAF".[62] The footnote claimed that because Istanbul did not make such a payment, the bid lost the support of Lamine Diack. The WADA declined to investigate the claims because it was, according to its independent commission, outside the agency's remit.[62]
In July and October 2013 (prior to and after being awarded the Games), Tokyo made two bank payments totalling SG$2.8 million to a Singapore-based company known as Black Tidings. The company is tied to Papa Massata Diack, a son of Lamine Diack who worked as a marketing consultant for the IAAF, and is being pursued by French authorities under allegations of bribery, corruption, and money laundering.[63] Black Tidings is held by Ian Tan Tong Han, a consultant to Athletics Management and Services—which manages the IAAF's commercial rights, and has business relationships with Japanese firm Dentsu. Black Tidings has also been connected to a doping scandal involving the Russian athletics team.[63][64][65]
Japanese Olympic Committee and Tokyo 2020 board member Tsunekazu Takeda stated that the payments were for consulting services, but refused to discuss the matter further because it was confidential. Toshiaki Endo called on Takeda to publicly discuss the matter. Massata denied that he had received any money from Tokyo's organizing committee.[63][65] The IOC established a team to investigate these matters, and will closely follow the French investigation.[66]
Logo plagiarism[edit]
The original logos of the 2020 Summer Olympics (top left) and Paralympics (top right) and the logo of the Théâtre de Liège (bottom).
The initial design for the official emblems of the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics were unveiled on 24 July 2015. The logo resembled a stylized "T"; a red circle in the top-right corner represented a beating heart, the flag of Japan, and an "inclusive world in which everyone accepts each other", and a dark grey column in the centre represented diversity.[67] The Paralympic emblem was an inverted version of the pattern made to resemble an equal sign.[68]
Shortly after the unveiling, Belgian graphics designer Olivier Debie accused the organizing committee of plagiarizing a logo he had designed for the Théâtre de Liège, which aside from the circle, consisted of nearly identical shapes. Tokyo's organizing committee denied that the emblem design was plagiarized, arguing that the design had gone through "long, extensive and international" intellectual property examinations before it was cleared for use.[69][70] Debie filed a lawsuit against the IOC to prevent use of the infringing logo.[55]
The emblem's designer, Kenjirō Sano, defended the design, stating that he had never seen the Liège logo, while TOCOG released an early sketch of the design that emphasized a stylized "T" and did not resemble the Liège logo.[55] However, Sano was found to have had a history of plagiarism, with others alleging his early design plagiarized work of Jan Tschichold, that he used a photo without permission in promotional materials for the emblem, along with other past cases. On 1 September 2015, following an emergency meeting of TOCOG, Governor of Tokyo Yōichi Masuzoe announced that they had decided to scrap Sano's two logos. The committee met on 2 September 2015 to decide how to approach another new logo design.[55]
On 24 November 2015, an Emblems Selection Committee was established to organize an open call for design proposals, open to Japanese residents over the age of 18, with a deadline set for 7 December 2015. The winner would receive ¥1 million and tickets to the opening ceremonies of both the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics.[53][71][72] On 8 April 2016, a new shortlist of four pairs of designs for the Olympics and Paralympics were unveiled by the Emblems Selection Committee; the Committee's selection—with influence from a public poll, was presented to TOCOG on 25 April 2016 for final approval.[71]
Broadcasting[edit]
Main article: List of 2020 Summer Olympics broadcasters
Sony and Panasonic are partnering with NHK to develop broadcasting standards for 8K resolution television, with a goal to release 8K television sets in time for the 2020 Olympics.[73][74]
In the United States, the 2020 Summer Olympics will be broadcast by NBCUniversal properties, as part of a US$4.38 billion agreement that began at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.[75]
In Europe, this will be the first Summer Olympics under the IOC's exclusive pan-European rights deal with Discovery Communications, which began at the 2018 Winter Olympics and run through 2024. The rights for the 2020 Games cover almost all of Europe, excluding France due to an existing rights deal that will expire following these Games, and Russia due to a pre-existing deal with a marketer through 2024.[76] Discovery will sub-license coverage to free-to-air networks in each territory. In the United Kingdom, these will be the last Games whose rights are fully owned by the BBC, although as a condition of a sub-licensing agreement that will carry into the 2022 and 2024 Games, Discovery holds exclusive pay television rights to these Games.[77][78][79]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "国際スローガン "Discover Tomorrow" 並びにルックプログラムを発表｜東京オリンピック・パラリンピック競技大会組織委員会". 19 July 2012. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
Jump up ^ (French: Jeux de la XXXIIème olympiade)
Jump up ^ "Olympics 2020: Tokyo wins race to host Games". BBC Sport. 7 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "2020 Olympics Vote Total Box". Associated Press. Miami Herald. 7 September 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
Jump up ^ JR東日本、東京五輪を前に都心部と羽田空港結ぶ新路線整備を on YouTube
Jump up ^ "羽田・成田発着を拡大、五輪へインフラ整備急ぐ". 日本経済新聞. 10 September 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "五輪で東京に1000万人　過密都市ゆえの課題多く". 日本経済新聞. 10 September 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
Jump up ^ PST (24 January 2014). "Mori heads Tokyo 2020 organizing committee". Sports.yahoo.com. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
Jump up ^ "Toshiaki Endo appointed Olympics minister". The Japan Times.
Jump up ^ "Nokia, NTT DoCoMo prepare for 5G ahead of Tokyo Olympics launch". 2 March 2015 – via Reuters.
Jump up ^ "Nokia wins 5G business with Japan's NTT DoCoMo - FierceWireless". www.fiercewireless.com.
Jump up ^ Himmer, Alastair (5 February 2012). "Rugby-Tokyo stadium set for billion dollar facelift". Reuters. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Notice". Archived from the original on 19 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Himmer, Alastair (17 July 2015). "Japan rips up 2020 Olympic stadium plans to start anew". news.yahoo.com. AFP. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo 2020 candidature file – section 8 – Sports and Venues" (PDF). Tokyo 2020. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2013. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo panel: Olympic cost could expand fourfold". NHK. 29 September 2016. Archived from the original on 1 October 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ https://www.2020games.metro.tokyo.jp/eng/taikaijyunbi/taikai/kaijyou/kaijyou_12/index.html
Jump up ^ Originally to be held at Water Polo Arena in Koto, Tokyo; venue moved in June 2015. "東京五輪、26競技の会場決定　自転車・サッカー除き". Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.2020games.metro.tokyo.jp/eng/taikaijyunbi/taikai/kaijyou/kaijyou_16/index.html
Jump up ^ Badminton originally to be held at Youth Plaza Arena; venue moved in June 2015. "東京五輪、26競技の会場決定　自転車・サッカー除き". Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Rugby sevens originally to be held at National Olympic Stadium; venue moved in June 2015. "東京五輪、26競技の会場決定　自転車・サッカー除き". Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Originally to be held at Youth Plaza Arena; proposal for venue change to Saitama Super Arena in late 2014 was confirmed in March 2015 by the IOC. "IOC supports Tokyo's plans to relocate Olympic venues". The Japan Times. 19 November 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2015. "Moving 2020 hoops to Saitama latest blow for game". The Japan Times. 3 March 2015. Retrieved 10 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Originally to be held at Wakasu Olympic Marina; venue moved in June 2015. "東京五輪、26競技の会場決定　自転車・サッカー除き". Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Jump up ^ All three events originally to be held at Tokyo Big Sight; venue moved in June 2015. "東京五輪、26競技の会場決定　自転車・サッカー除き". Nihon Keizai Shimbun. 9 June 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Change to Tokyo 2020 equestrian venue approved". inside.fei.org. 28 February 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "Olympic Venues". ,
Jump up ^ Beall, Joel (20 March 2017). "2020 Olympic golf course changes policy, allows women full membership".
Jump up ^ Wilson, Stephen (10 December 2015). "IOC approves switch of cycling venues for Tokyo Olympics". japantoday.com. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "IOC approves switch of cycling venues for Tokyo Olympics". japantimes.co.jp. 9 December 2015. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "横浜スタジアム会場案…東京五輪に野球など追加".
Jump up ^ "Fukushima Prefecture to Host Tokyo 2020 Baseball & Softball Matches, Showcasing the Power of Sport to Support Recovery｜The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games". The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Retrieved 2017-03-30.
Jump up ^ "Olympic sport football". tokyo2020.jp. 21 November 2016. Retrieved 21 November 2016.
Jump up ^ [2]
Jump up ^ "Tickets for Olympic Games / Tokyo Olympic Japan 2020".
Jump up ^ "How To Buy Tokyo Olympic Tickets". TrulyTokyo.
Jump up ^ "3-on-3 basketball officially added to Tokyo Olympics". CBC Sports. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo 2020: Mixed-gender events added to Olympic Games". BBC Sport. Retrieved 9 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Hamilton, Tracee (2013-09-08). "Wrestling, IOC make right moves in getting sport back on 2020 Olympics program". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-03-16.
Jump up ^ Longman, Jeré (2013-02-12). "Olympics Moves to Drop Wrestling in 2020". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2018-03-16.
Jump up ^ "Wrestling to be dropped from 2020 Olympic Games". BBC Sport.
Jump up ^ IOC: Baseball/softball, squash and wrestling make cut for IOC Session vote in Buenos Aires
Jump up ^ "Wrestling, baseball/softball and squash shortlisted by IOC for 2020 as five fail to make cut".
Jump up ^ "Wrestling added to Olympic programme for 2020 and 2024 Games". IOC. 8 September 2013. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Olympic Agenda 2020 Recommendations" (PDF). IOC. Retrieved 23 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Baseball, softball among 8 sports proposed for 2020 Games". ESPN.com.
Jump up ^ "Olympics: Skateboarding & surfing among possible Tokyo 2020 sports". BBC Sport. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "IOC approves five new sports for Olympic Games Tokyo 2020". Olympic.org. 2016-08-03. Retrieved 2016-08-03.
Jump up ^ "You're in! Baseball/softball, 4 other sports make Tokyo cut". USA Today. 2016-08-03. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
Jump up ^ Tokyo 2020 Unveils Action-Packed Olympic Competition Schedule
Jump up ^ Olympic Competition Schedule
Jump up ^ "FINA back holding swimming finals in morning at Tokyo 2020 Olympics". Inside the Games. Retrieved 2018-07-25.
^ Jump up to: a b "Tokyo 2020 Emblems Committee relax competition rules ahead of search for new logo". InsideTheGames.biz. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Checkered pattern by artist Tokolo chosen as logo for 2020 Tokyo Olympics". Japan Times. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Tokyo 2020 Olympics logo scrapped after allegations of plagiarism". The Guardian. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo 2020 Games Mascots". Retrieved 7 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "2020 Tokyo Olympic organizers begin soliciting mascot ideas". The Japan Times. 1 August 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo 2020 lets children choose mascots from 3 finalists". NBC Sports. 7 December 2017. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "10th Meeting of the Mascot Selection Panel" (Press release). Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. 30 May 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Makuch, Eddie (October 27, 2016). "Sega Making Video Games for 2020 Summer Olympics". GameSpot. Retrieved July 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ Fukase, Atsuko (15 April 2015). "2020 Tokyo Olympics Attract Record Sponsorship". The Wall Street Journal Japan Real Time. Retrieved 16 April 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Tokyo Olympics 2020: French prosecutors probe '$2m payment'". BBC News. 12 May 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Tokyo Olympics: Japan to 'fully cooperate' with suspicious payments inquiry". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Life bans for three athletics figures over alleged doping cover-up". BBC Sport. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Tokyo 2020 Olympic bid leader refuses to reveal Black Tidings details". The Guardian. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "IOC concerned at suspect payments made by Tokyo 2020 bid team". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo 2020 unveils official emblem with five years to go". Olympic.org. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo 2020 launches emblems for the Olympic and Paralympic Games". IPC. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo Olympic Games logo embroiled in plagiarism row". The Guardian. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo Olympics emblem said to look similar to Belgian theater logo". The Japan Times. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 30 July 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Japan unveils final four candidates for Tokyo 2020 Olympics logo". Japan Times. 8 April 2016. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tokyo Games organizers decide to scrap Sano emblem". NHK World. 1 September 2015. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 1 September 2015.
Jump up ^ Vincent, James (2016-08-26). "Sony and Panasonic target 8K TVs for 2020 Olympics". The Verge. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
Jump up ^ "Exclusive: Lost market share prompts Sony-Panasonic TV tech alliance". Nikkei Asian Review. Archived from the original on 29 April 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
Jump up ^ McCarthy, Michael (7 June 2011). "NBC wins U.S. TV rights to four Olympic Games through 2020". USA Today.
Jump up ^ "Russian state broadcasters commit to PyeongChang coverage". Retrieved 2018-02-06.
Jump up ^ "Olympics coverage to remain on BBC after Discovery deal". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Discovery Lands European Olympic Rights Through '24". Sports Business Journal. Retrieved 1 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "BBC dealt another blow after losing control of TV rights for Olympics". The Guardian. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2020 Summer Olympics.
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values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament

values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 3x3 tournament (page does not exist)

values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 3x3 tournament (page does not exist)

values: Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament

values: Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament

values: Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament

values: Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament

values: Handball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament

values: Handball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament

values: Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Beach volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Beach volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament (page does not exist)

values: Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament (page does not exist)

values: 2020 Summer Olympics medal table (page does not exist)

values: List of 2020 Summer Olympics medal winners (page does not exist)

values: Template:Qualification for the 2020 Summer Olympics

values: Template talk:Qualification for the 2020 Summer Olympics

values: Archery at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Artistic swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Athletics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Baseball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's 3x3 qualification

values: Basketball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's 3x3 qualification

values: Boxing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification (page does not exist)

values: Canoeing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification (page does not exist)

values: Cycling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Diving at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Equestrian at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Fencing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Field hockey at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Golf at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Gymnastics at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Handball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Handball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Judo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Karate at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Modern pentathlon at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Rowing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification (page does not exist)

values: Rugby sevens at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification (page does not exist)

values: Sailing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Shooting at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Skateboarding at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Softball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Sport climbing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Surfing at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Table tennis at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Taekwondo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Tennis at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Triathlon at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Beach volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Beach volleyball at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification

values: Water polo at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's qualification

values: Weightlifting at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Wrestling at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Qualification

values: Template talk:2020 Summer Olympic venues

values: Tokyo Olympic Aquatic Centre (page does not exist)

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/wiki/Asaka_Shooting_Range
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Asaka Shooting Range

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values: الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2020 – Arabic

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values: Xuegos Olímpicos de Tokyo 2020 – Asturian

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values: 2020 Yay Olimpiya Oyunları – Azerbaijani

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values: ২০২০ গ্রীষ্মকালীন অলিম্পিক – Bangla

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values: Летнія Алімпійскія гульні 2020 – Belarusian

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values: Летнія Алімпійскія гульні 2020 году – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

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values: Летни олимпийски игри 2020 – Bulgarian

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values: 2020. aasta suveolümpiamängud – Estonian

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interlanguage-link interwiki-et
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values: Θερινοί Ολυμπιακοί Αγώνες 2020 – Greek

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values: Juegos Olímpicos de Tokio 2020 – Spanish

values:
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values: بازی‌های المپیک تابستانی ۲۰۲۰ – Persian

values: Cluichí Oilimpeacha an tSamhraidh 2020 – Irish

values:
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values: Ամառային օլիմպիական խաղեր 2020 – Armenian

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values: 2020 ग्रीष्मकालीन ओलम्पिक – Hindi

values: XXXII. Olimpijske igre - Tokio 2020. – Croatian

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values: אולימפיאדת טוקיו (2020) – Hebrew

values: ზაფხულის ოლიმპიური თამაშები 2020 – Georgian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
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values: 2020 Жазғы Олимпиада ойындары – Kazakh

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values: 2020 жайкы Олимпиада оюндары – Kyrgyz

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values: 2020. gada vasaras olimpiskās spēles – Latvian

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values: 2020 m. vasaros olimpinės žaidynės – Lithuanian

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values: Olympische Zomerspeule 2020 – Limburgish

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values: 2020. évi nyári olimpiai játékok – Hungarian

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values: २०२० उन्हाळी ऑलिंपिक – Marathi

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values: العاب اولمبية صيفية 2020 – Egyptian Arabic

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values: Токиогийн олимп (2020 он) – Mongolian

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values: २०२० ग्रीष्मकालीन ओलम्पिक – Nepali

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values: Кеҥеж Олимпий модмаш - Токио 2020 – Eastern Mari

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values: Letnie Igrzyska Olimpijskie 2020 – Polish

values: Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020 – Portuguese

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values: Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 2020 – Romanian

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values: Летние Олимпийские игры 2020 – Russian

values: 2020 Сайыҥҥы Олимпия оонньуулара – Sakha

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values: 2020 ගිම්හාන ඔලිම්පික් – Sinhala

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values: Poletne olimpijske igre 2020 – Slovenian

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values: Летње олимпијске игре 2020. – Serbian

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values: Palarong Olimpiko sa Tag-init 2020 – Tagalog

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values: 2020 கோடைக்கால ஒலிம்பிக் விளையாட்டுப் போட்டிகள் – Tamil

values: โอลิมปิกฤดูร้อน 2020 – Thai

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interlanguage-link interwiki-th
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values: Літні Олімпійські ігри 2020 – Ukrainian

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values: Àwọn Ìdíje Òlímpíkì Ìgbà Oru 2020 – Yoruba

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values: 2020年夏季奥林匹克运动会 – Chinese

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