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Washington Dulles International Airport
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This article is about the airport. For the future Washington Metro station that will serve the airport beginning in 2020, see Dulles International Airport station.
Washington Dulles International Airport
IATA: IAD
ICAO: KIAD
FAA LID: IAD
WMO: 72403
Summary
Airport type
Public
Owner/Operator
Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority
Serves
Washington metropolitan area
Location
Dulles and Chantilly, Virginia, U.S.
Hub for
United Airlines
Elevation AMSL
313 ft / 95 m
Coordinates
38°56′40″N 077°27′21″W / 38.94444°N 77.45583°W / 38.94444; -77.45583Coordinates: 38°56′40″N 077°27′21″W / 38.94444°N 77.45583°W / 38.94444; -77.45583
Website
http://www.flydulles.com
Maps

FAA airport Diagram
IAD
IAD
Show map of Virginia Show map of the US Show all
Location of airport in Virginia / United States
Runways
Direction
Length
Surface
ft
m
1L/19R 9,400 2,865 Concrete
1C/19C 11,500 3,505 Concrete
1R/19L 11,500 3,505 Concrete
12/30 10,501 3,201 Concrete
12R/30L 10,500 3,200 Planned
Statistics (2016)
Aircraft operations
264,785
Total Passengers
21,969,094 1.5%
Source: Federal Aviation Administration,[1] Passenger traffic[2]
Washington Dulles International Airport (/ˈdʌlɪs/ DUL-iss) (IATA: IAD, ICAO: KIAD, FAA LID: IAD) is an international airport in Loudoun and Fairfax counties in Virginia, United States, 26 miles (42 km) west of downtown Washington, D.C.[3] The airport serves the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area, centered on the District of Columbia. The airport is named after John Foster Dulles, the 52nd Secretary of State who served under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. The Dulles main terminal is a well-known landmark designed by Eero Saarinen. Operated by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority, Dulles Airport occupies 13,000 acres (52.6 km2)[4] straddling the Loudoun-Fairfax line.[1] Most of the airport is in the unincorporated community of Dulles, in Loudoun County, with a small portion in the unincorporated community of Chantilly in Fairfax County.
Dulles is one of the three major airports in the larger Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area with more than 21 million passengers a year.[5][6] Dulles has the most international passenger traffic of any airport in the Mid-Atlantic outside of the New York metropolitan area, including approximately 90% of the international passenger traffic in the Baltimore-Washington region.[7] On a typical day, more than 60,000 passengers pass through Washington Dulles to and from more than 125 destinations around the world.[5][8] However, Dulles Airport now ranks behind both Baltimore-Washington International Airport (BWI) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) in total annual passenger boardings.[9]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Origins
1.2 Design and original construction
1.3 Notable operations and milestones
1.4 Planned development
2 Terminals
2.1 Inter-terminal transportation
2.2 Main terminal
2.3 Midfield terminals
2.3.1 Concourses A and B
2.3.2 Concourses C and D
2.4 Airline lounges
3 Airlines and destinations
3.1 Passenger
3.2 Cargo
4 Statistics
4.1 Top destinations
4.2 Annual traffic
5 Ground transportation
5.1 Roads
5.2 Public transportation
6 Accidents and incidents
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
Origins[edit]
Prior to World War II, Hoover Field was the main commercial airport serving Washington. It was replaced by Washington National Airport in 1941. After the war, in 1948, the Civil Aeronautics Administration began to consider sites for a second major airport to serve the nation's capital.[10] Congress passed the Washington Airport Act in 1950 to provide funding for a new airport in the region.[11] The initial CAA proposal in 1951 called for the airport to be built in Fairfax County near what is now Burke Lake Park, but protests from residents, as well as the rapid expansion of Washington's suburbs during the time, led to reconsideration of this plan.[12] One competing plan called for the airport to be built in the Pender area of Fairfax County, while another called for the conversion of Andrews Air Force Base in Prince George's County, Maryland.[10]
The current site was selected by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1958;[12] the Dulles name was chosen by Eisenhower's aviation advisor Pete Quesada, who later served as the first head of the Federal Aviation Administration. As a result of the site selection, the unincorporated, largely African-American community of Willard, which once stood in the airport's current footprint, was demolished, and 87 property owners had their holdings condemned.[10]
Design and original construction[edit]
Dulles Airport in 1970
The civil engineering firm Ammann and Whitney was named lead contractor. The airport was dedicated by President John F. Kennedy on November 17, 1962. As originally opened, the airport had three runways (current day runways 1C/19C, 1R/19L, and 12/30). Its original name, Dulles International Airport, was changed in 1984 to Washington Dulles International Airport.[13] The main terminal was designed in 1958 by famed Finnish-American architect Eero Saarinen, and it is highly regarded for its graceful beauty, suggestive of flight. In the 1990s, the main terminal at Dulles was reconfigured to allow more space between the front of the building and the ticket counters. Additions at both ends of the main terminal more than doubled the structure's length. The original terminal at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport in Taoyuan, Taiwan was modeled after the Saarinen terminal at Dulles.
The design included a landscaped man-made lake to collect rainwater, a low-rise hotel, and a row of office buildings along the north side of the main parking lot. The design also included a two-level road in front of the terminal to separate arrival and departure traffic and a federally owned limited access highway connecting the terminal to the Capital Beltway (I-495) about 17 miles (27 km) to the east. (Eventually, the highway system grew to include a parallel toll road to handle commuter traffic and an extension to connect to I-66). The access road had a wide median strip to allow the construction of a passenger rail line, which will be in the form of an extension of the Washington Metro's Silver Line and is expected to be completed in 2020.
Notable operations and milestones[edit]
The first scheduled flight at Dulles was an Eastern Air Lines Super Electra turboprop from Newark International Airport in New Jersey on November 19, 1962.[4]
Dulles was initially considered a white elephant, being far out of town with few flights;[14] in 1965 Dulles averaged 89 airline operations a day while National Airport (now Reagan) averaged 600 despite not allowing jets.[citation needed] (Dulles got its first transatlantic nonstop in June 1964.) Airport operations grew along with Virginia suburbs and the Dulles Technology Corridor; perimeter and slot restrictions at National forced long-distance flights to use Dulles. In 1969, Dulles had 2.01 million passengers while National had 9.9 million.[15]
The era of jumbo jets began on January 15, 1970, when First Lady Pat Nixon christened a Pan Am Boeing 747 at Dulles in the presence of Pan Am chairman Najeeb Halaby.[citation needed] Rather than a traditional champagne bottle, red, white, and blue water was sprayed on the aircraft.[citation needed] Pan Am's first Boeing 747 flight was from New York JFK to London Heathrow Airport.
On May 24, 1976, supersonic flights between Dulles and Europe began with the arrival of a British Airways Concorde from London and an Air France Concorde from Paris. The two were lined nose-to-nose at Dulles for photos.
On June 12, 1983, the Space Shuttle Enterprise arrived at Dulles mounted on top of a modified Boeing 747 after touring Europe and before returning to Edwards Air Force Base. Two years later Enterprise returned and was placed in a storage hangar near Runway 12/30 to await the construction of a planned expansion to the National Air and Space Museum. Enterprise left Dulles on April 27, 2012, for its new home at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum in New York City.[16]
Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center
In 1990 a United States Senate joint resolution to change Dulles's name to Washington Eisenhower was proposed by Senator Bob Dole, but it didn't pass.[17]
When the SR-71 was retired by the military in 1990, one was flown from its birthplace at United States Air Force Plant 42 in Palmdale, California to Dulles, setting a coast-to-coast speed record at an average 2,124 mph (3,418 km/h). The trip took 64 minutes. The aircraft was placed in a storage building to await display.[18]
The first flight of the Boeing 777-200 in commercial service, a United Airlines flight from London Heathrow, landed at Dulles in 1995.[19]
The 2004 launch of low-cost carrier Independence Air propelled IAD from being the 24th-busiest airport in the United States to fourth, and one of the top 30 busiest in the world. Independence Air ceased operations in January 2006, and its space in Concourse A was taken five months later by United Express.[20]
Southwest Airlines began service at Dulles in Fall 2006.
In 2007, 24.7 million passengers passed through the airport.[21]
On November 20, 2008, a third parallel north–south runway was opened on the west side of the airfield, designated as 1L/19R. The original 1L/19R was redesignated 1C/19C. It was the first new runway to be built at Dulles since the airport's construction.
On June 6, 2011, the airport received its first Airbus A380 flights when Air France introduced the A380 to its nonstop service from Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport to Dulles.[4]
On April 17, 2012, the Space Shuttle Discovery was ferried to Dulles mounted to a NASA 747-100 as part of its decommissioning and installation in the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.
On June 1, 2012, the first passenger flight of the Boeing 747-8 Intercontinental landed as a Lufthansa service from Frankfurt Airport.[22]
On August 15, 2012, Ethiopian Airlines Boeing 787 Dreamliner arrived at Dulles.[23] It was Ethiopian Airlines first 787 & the first 787 received by an African carrier.
On October 2, 2014, British Airways began using the Airbus A380 on flights from London Heathrow Airport to Washington Dulles. It once used the 747-400.
On February 1, 2016, Emirates upgraded its direct flights from Dubai International (previously a Boeing 777) to an Airbus A380.
Planned development[edit]
Main Terminal Station of Aerotrain
By the 1980s the original design, which had mobile lounges meet each plane, was no longer well-suited to Dulles' role as a hub airport. Instead, midfield concourses were added to allow passengers to walk between connecting flights without visiting the main terminal. Mobile lounges were still used for international flights and to transport passengers between the midfield concourses and the main terminal. An underground tunnel (consisting of a passenger walkway and moving sidewalks) which links the main terminal and Concourse B was opened in 2004.[24] The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) began a renovation program for the airport including a new security mezzanine with more room for lines.[25]
A new train system, dubbed AeroTrain and developed by Mitsubishi, began in 2010 to transport passengers between the concourses and the main terminal.[26] The system, which uses rubber tires and travels along a fixed underground guideway,[26] is similar to the people mover systems at Singapore Changi Airport,[26] Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport, and Denver International Airport. The train is intended to replace the mobile lounges, which many passengers found crowded and inconvenient. The initial phase includes the main terminal station, a permanent Concourse A station, a permanent Concourse B station, a permanent midfield concourse station (with access to the current temporary C concourse via a tunnel with moving walkways), and a maintenance facility.[26] Mobile lounges continue to service the D Concourse from both the main terminal and Concourse A. Even after AeroTrain is built out and the replacement Concourses C and D are built, the mobile lounges and plane mates will still continue to be used, to transport international arriving passengers to the International Arrivals Building, as well as transport passengers to aircraft parked on hardstands without direct access to jet bridges. Dulles has stated that the wait time for a train does not exceed four minutes, compared to the average 15-minute wait and travel time for mobile lounges.
Under the development plan, future phases would see the addition of several new midfield concourses and a new south terminal.[27] A fourth runway (parallel to the existing runways 1 and 19 L&R) opened in 2008,[28] and development plans include a fifth runway to parallel the existing runway 12–30.[29] If this runway is built, the current runway will be redesignated as 12L-30R while the new runway will be designated 12R-30L. An expansion of the B concourse, used by many low cost airlines as well as international arrivals, has been completed, and the building housing Concourses C and D will eventually be knocked down to make room for a more ergonomic building. Because Concourses C and D are temporary concourses, the only way to get to those concourses is via moving walkway from the Concourse C station which is built in the location of the future gates and Concourse D by mobile lounge from the main terminal.[30]
Terminals[edit]
A plane mate
The airport's terminal complex consists of a main terminal and two midfield terminal buildings: Concourses A/B and C/D. The entire terminal complex has 123 gates and 16 hardstand locations[31] from which passengers can board or disembark using the airport's plane mate vehicles.[4]
Inter-terminal transportation[edit]
Conceived in early planning sessions in 1959, Dulles is one of the few remaining airports to use the mobile lounge (also known as "plane mates" or "people movers") for boarding and disembarkation from aircraft, and to transfer passengers between the midfield concourses and to and from the main terminal building. They have all been given names based on the postal abbreviations of 50 states, e.g., VA, MD, AK.[32]
The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority has begun to gradually phase out the mobile lounge system for inter-terminal passenger movements in favor of the AeroTrain, an underground people mover which currently operates to Concourses A, B and C, as well as underground pedestrian walkway tunnels (now in service to concourse A/B). The mobile lounges are still used to transport passengers directly from the main terminal to Concourse D. Plane mates also remain in use to disembark international passengers and carry them to the International Arrivals Building, as well as to convey passengers to and from aircraft on hard stand (i.e., those parked remotely on the apron without access to jet bridges).[33][34]
Main terminal[edit]
The terminal ceiling is suspended in a catenary curve above the luggage check-in area.
Dulles's iconic main terminal houses ticketing, baggage claim, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, an international arrivals building for passenger processing, the Z gates, information facilities and other support facilities. The terminal was recognized by the American Institute of Architects in 1966 for its design concept; its roof is a suspended catenary providing a wide enclosed area unimpeded by any columns.
The main terminal was extended in 1996 to 1,240 feet (380 m)—Saarinen's original design length—which was slightly more than double its originally constructed length of 600 feet (180 m).[31] In addition, an extension for international arrivals was added to the west of the main terminal in 1991. On September 22, 2009, an expansion of the international arrivals building opened which includes a 41,400 square feet (3,850 m2) arrival hall for customs and immigration processing. The new facility has the capacity to process 2,400 arriving passengers per hour.[35]
Also in September 2009, a 121,700 square feet (11,310 m2) central security checkpoint was added on a new security mezzanine level of the main terminal. This checkpoint replaced previous checkpoints which were located behind the ticketing areas.[36] A separate security checkpoint is available on the baggage claim level. Both security checkpoints connect to the AeroTrain, which links the main terminal with the A, B, and C concourses.
There are two sets of gates in the main terminal: the first is the "H" Gates, which are waiting areas for airlines which lack permanent physical jetbridges and therefore use plane mates to reach planes parked at 16 hard-stand locations. The other is a set of four gates with jetbridges that are designated as Concourse Z, which provides service for Air Canada Express and Frontier Airlines.
Midfield terminals[edit]
Main Terminal AeroTrain station
All airlines aside from Air Canada Express and Frontier Airlines operate out of two linear satellite terminals. One contains Concourses A and B, and the second contains Concourses C and D.
Concourses A and B[edit]
All non-United flights & United Express operate out of these two concourses. Concourse A (which has 47 gates) composes the eastern part of the closer midfield terminal building. It consists of a permanent ground level set of gates designed for small planes and regional jets used by United Express, and several former Concourse B gates.[37] The concourse is primarily used for international flights. Air France operates an airline lounge opposite gate A22, Etihad Airways operates a First and Business Class lounge across from gate A15, and Virgin Atlantic has a Clubhouse lounge across from gate A32. Concourse A's AeroTrain station is located halfway along the horizontal length of the building, between gates A6 and A14.
Concourse B (which has 28 gates) composes the western half of the building. It is the first of the permanent elevated midfield concourses. Originally constructed in 1998 and designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill and Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum, the B concourse contained 20 gates. In 2003, 4 additional gates were added to concourse B, followed by a 15-gate expansion in 2008.[38] In addition to the AeroTrain station located between gates B51 and B62, Concourse B also has an underground walkway to connect it to the main terminal. Concourse B is used by some international carriers, and is also utilized by all non-United domestic and Canada flights. The facility also includes a British Airways Galleries lounge, a Lufthansa lounge divided into Senator and Business class sections located between gates B49 and B51, and a Turkish Airlines Lounge near gate B43.[39]
Concourses C and D[edit]
The interior of Concourse C, where United's hub operation is based
Concourses C/D are solely used for United Airlines flights. All mainline United flights and most United Express regional jet operations operate out of these concourses (some United Express flights use Concourse A).
These concourses were constructed in 1983 and designed by Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum. The two concourses have 22 gates each, numbered C1-C28 and D1-D32, with odd-numbered gates on the north side of the building and even numbered gates on the south side. Concourse C composes the eastern half of the terminal and Concourse D composes the gates on the west half of the terminal.[40][41] The C/D concourses were given a face lift in 2006 which included light fixture upgrades, new paint finishes, new ceiling grids and tiles, heating and air conditioning replacement, and complete restroom renovations.[41]
Concourse C also has a dedicated Federal Inspection Station located at ground level. International United flights not originating at an airport with US customs preclearance can directly deplane passengers via jetbridge at Concourse C (as opposed to using plane mates to offload passengers). Once deplaned, arriving passengers are separated. Passengers terminating at Dulles take a mobile lounge that transports them to the International Arrivals Building, while connecting passengers continuing on another United flight go through U.S. Customs and Immigration at the FIS station on the ground level. Since this immigration facility is only for connecting passengers on United and other Star Alliance carriers, it has shorter lines and passengers don't have to reclear security at the massive security checkpoints in the main terminal.
The facility houses three United Clubs: one adjacent to Gate C7, one adjacent to gate C17, and one adjacent to gate D8. A United International First Lounge is near gate C2. Concourse C is directly linked to the main terminal via the AeroTrain, while mobile lounges can be used to travel from Concourse D to the main terminal.
A new and permanent C/D concourse (also called "Tier 2") is planned as part of the D2 Dulles Development Project. The new building is to include a three-level structure with 44 airline gates and similar amenities to Concourse B.[41] The concourse plan includes a dedicated mezzanine corridor with moving sidewalks to serve international passengers. The design and construction of the new C/D concourse has not been scheduled.[41] When built, it is planned that both terminals will be connected to the main terminal and other concourses via the AeroTrain. To that extent, the AeroTrain station at Concourse C was built at the location where the future Concourse C/D structure is proposed to be built, and is connected to the existing Concourse C via an underground walkway.
Airline lounges[edit]
Air France operates daily Airbus A380 flights to Charles de Gaulle Airport from gate A20/A22, as seen in the photo. Along with United Airlines, the route carries 480,000 passengers a year.
Since many major domestic and international airlines have a large presence at Washington Dulles, there are several airline lounges within the airport:
Air France: Air France Lounge, A Concourse across from gate A22.[42]
British Airways: Galleries Club and Galleries First lounges, each with their own separate dining rooms, B Concourse.[42]
Etihad Airways: First and Business class lounge located opposite gate A15.[43]
Lufthansa: Senator Lounge and Business Lounge, B Concourse at gate B51.[42]
Turkish Airlines: Concourse B, near gate B41[39]
United Airlines: Two United Clubs in Concourse C and one in Concourse D.[42] There is also a United Global First Lounge on Concourse C.[44]
Virgin Atlantic: Clubhouse, A Concourse across from gate A32[45]
Airlines and destinations[edit]
Passenger[edit]
Airlines
Destinations
Aer Lingus
operated by ASL Airlines Ireland Dublin
Aeroflot Moscow–Sheremetyevo
Aeroméxico Mexico City
Air Canada Express Montréal–Trudeau, Toronto–Pearson
Air China Beijing–Capital
Air France Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India Delhi
All Nippon Airways Tokyo–Narita
Alaska Airlines Seattle/Tacoma
American Airlines Dallas/Fort Worth, Los Angeles, Miami
Seasonal: Charlotte
American Eagle Charlotte
Austrian Airlines Vienna
Aviancaa Bogotá, La Paz
Avianca El Salvador San Salvador
British Airways London–Heathrow
Brussels Airlines Seasonal: Brussels
Copa Airlines Panama City
Delta Air Lines Atlanta, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Salt Lake City
Seasonal: Cancún, Detroit
Delta Connection Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul, New York–JFK
Emirates Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlinesb Addis Ababa
Etihad Airways Abu Dhabi
Frontier Airlinesc Austin, Las Vegas, Ontario (begins October 13, 2017), Orlando, San Antonio[46]
Seasonal: Colorado Springs, Denver
Icelandair Reykjavík–Keflavík
JetBlue Airways Boston, New York–JFK
KLM Amsterdam
Korean Air Seoul–Incheon
LATAM Perú Lima
Lufthansa Frankfurt, Munich
Porter Airlines Toronto–Billy Bishop
Qatar Airways Doha
Royal Air Maroc Casablanca
Saudia Jeddah, Riyadh
Charter: Medina
Scandinavian Airlines Copenhagen
South African Airways Accra, Dakar, Johannesburg–O. R. Tambo
Southwest Airlines Atlanta, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Orlando
Turkish Airlines Istanbul–Atatürk
United Airlines Amsterdam, Atlanta, Austin, Beijing–Capital, Boston, Brussels, Cancún, Chicago–O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Dublin, Fort Lauderdale, Frankfurt, Geneva, Hartford, Honolulu, Houston–Intercontinental, Las Vegas, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Mexico City, Munich, Newark, New Orleans, Orlando, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Phoenix–Sky Harbor, Portland (OR), Raleigh/Durham, Sacramento, San Diego, San Francisco, San Juan, São Paulo–Guarulhos, Seattle/Tacoma, Tampa, Tokyo–Narita, Zürich
Seasonal: Aruba, Barcelona, Charleston (SC), Cleveland, Eagle/Vail, Edinburgh (begins May 23, 2018),[47] Grand Cayman, Guatemala City, Hayden/Steamboat Springs, Lisbon, Madrid, Montego Bay, Norfolk, Portland (ME), Providenciales, Punta Cana, Rome–Fiumicino, St. Maarten, St. Thomas, San José de Costa Rica, San José del Cabo, Vancouver
United Express Albany, Atlanta, Austin, Boston, Buffalo, Burlington (VT), Charleston (SC), Charleston (WV), Charlotte, Charlottesville (VA), Clarksburg (WV) (begins November 1, 2017),[48] Chicago–O'Hare, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbia (SC), Columbus–Glenn, Dallas/Fort Worth, Dayton, Detroit, Fayetteville (NC), Grand Rapids, Greensboro, Greenville/Spartanburg, Harrisburg, Hartford, Houston–Intercontinental, Huntsville, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Knoxville, Louisville, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Montréal–Trudeau, Nashville, New Orleans, New York–LaGuardia, Newark, Norfolk, Oklahoma City, Ottawa, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Portland (ME), Providence, Raleigh/Durham, Richmond, Roanoke, Rochester (NY), St. Louis, San Antonio, Savannah, State College (PA), Syracuse, Toronto–Pearson
Seasonal: Nassau
Virgin America Los Angeles, San Francisco
Virgin Atlantic London–Heathrow
Notes:
^a : Avianca's flight to La Paz makes a stop in Bogotá.
^b : Ethiopian Airlines' flight from Addis Ababa to Dulles stops at Dublin,[49] but the flight from Dulles to Addis Ababa is nonstop.
^c : Frontier Airlines's flight from Ontario to Dulles makes a stop in San Antonio. The flight from Dulles to Ontario also makes a stop in San Antonio.
Cargo[edit]
An Antonov An-124 Ruslan at the airport.
Airlines
Destinations
FedEx Express Indianapolis, New York–JFK, Memphis, Newark
FedEx Feeder
operated by Mountain Air Cargo Newark
UPS Airlines Louisville
Statistics[edit]
An assortment of United Airlines Boeing 767-300ER and Boeing 777-200ERs lined up at Concourse C in 2011.
An All Nippon Airways Boeing 777-300ER taxiing
An American Airlines Boeing 737-800 taxiing
An Austrian Airlines Boeing 767-300ER landing on Runway 19C /1C
A South African Airways Airbus A340-300 parked at Concourse A
A Lufthansa Boeing 747-400 taxiing in heavy rain
A Virgin Atlantic Airbus A340-300 parked at Concourse A
A United Airlines Boeing 777-200 lands on Runway 1R/19L
Along with Newark Liberty International Airport, Dulles is one of United Air Lines' two transatlantic gateways with many nonstop flights to Europe, Asia, South America and the Middle East. As of June 2015 United handled 61.1% of scheduled air carrier passengers at the airport in.[50] American Airlines has a 4.8% market share.[50] Delta Air Lines handles 4.1% of scheduled air carrier passengers.[50] In addition, 25 foreign carriers have service in and out of Washington Dulles.[51]
On a typical day, Dulles averages 1,000 to 1,200 flight operations.[52] Dulles International served 21.6 million passengers in 2014, a 1.7% decrease over 2013. However, international passenger traffic has increased by 1.6% to nearly 7.1 million during the same time.[53] Additional international service is commencing service at Washington Dulles. With 45 weekly flights, Dulles is now the third largest United States gateway to the Middle East. Even before the United States economic recession started, international passengers have continued to grow, which prompted the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority to expand the International Arrivals Building to handle 2,400 passengers per hour.
Top destinations[edit]
Busiest domestic routes from IAD
(Jun 2016– May 2017)[54]
Rank
Airport
Passengers
Carriers
1 Los Angeles, California 554,210 American, United, Virgin America
2 San Francisco, California 552,960 United, Virgin America
3 Denver, Colorado 523,480 Frontier, Southwest, United
4 Atlanta, Georgia 439,810 Delta, Frontier, Southwest, United
5 Orlando, Florida 284,220 Frontier, United
6 Boston, Massachusetts 265,850 JetBlue, United
7 Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas 247,150 American, Frontier, United
8 Chicago–O'Hare, Illinois 244,420 Frontier, United
9 Charlotte, North Carolina 225,920 American, United
10 Houston–Intercontinental, Texas 204,720 United
Busiest International Routes to and from IAD (2015)[55]
Rank
Airport
Passengers
Annual Change
Carriers
1 London (Heathrow), United Kingdom 849,690 01.9% British Airways, United, Virgin Atlantic
2 Frankfurt, Germany 610,214 03.5% Lufthansa, United
3 Paris (Charles de Gaulle), France 437,127 00.5% Air France, United
4 Dubai (International), United Arab Emirates 386,994 05.8% Emirates
5 Tokyo (Narita), Japan 284,275 02.9% All Nippon Airways, United
6 Amsterdam, Netherlands 257,204 00.7% KLM, United
7 Munich, Germany 245,621 01.3% Lufthansa, United
8 Beijing, China 231,982 019.9% Air China, United
9 Istanbul (Atatürk), Turkey 219,157 09.6% Turkish
10 San Salvador, El Salvador 218,808 013.0% Avianca
11 Brussels, Belgium 215,922 01.5% Brussels, United
12 Doha, Qatar 206,498 02.7% Qatar Airways
13 Cancún, Mexico 164,001 049.2% Delta, Frontier, United
14 Toronto (Pearson), Canada 163,472 09.2% Air Canada, United
15 Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 155,569 032.4% Etihad Airways
Airline market share
Largest Airlines at IAD
(Mar. 2016)[56]
Rank
Airline
Passengers
1 United Airlines 1,079,478
2 American Airlines 87,357
3 Delta Air Lines 75,772
4 Southwest Airlines 38,085
5 British Airways 32,531
6 Virgin America 28,676
7 Lufthansa 27,608
8 Emirates 26,875
9 JetBlue Airways 25,365
10 Avianca 22,712
Annual traffic[edit]
Traffic by calendar year[5][57][58]
Year
Passengers
Change from
previous year
Aircraft operations
Cargo
tonnage
1999
19,797,329 465,195 395,981
2000
20,104,693 1.55% 456,436 423,197
2001
18,002,319 10.46% 396,886 364,833
2002
17,235,163 4.26% 372,636 358,171
2003
16,950,381 1.65% 335,397 314,601
2004
22,868,852 34.92% 469,634 342,521
2005
27,052,118 18.29% 509,652 334,071
2006
23,020,362 14.90% 379,571 386,785
2007
24,737,528 7.46% 382,943 395,377
2008
23,876,780 3.48% 360,292 368,064
2009
23,213,341 2.78% 340,367 358,535
2010
23,741,603 2.28% 336,531 366,333
2011
23,211,856 2.22% 327,493 333,683
2012
22,561,521 2.80% 312,070 302,766
2013
21,947,065 2.70% 307,801 253,361
2014
21,572,233 1.70% 289,306 267,753
2015
21,650,546 0.40% 268,619 262,158
2016
21,969,094 1.50% 264,732 265,818
Ground transportation[edit]
Roads[edit]
Dulles is accessible via the Dulles Access Road/Dulles Greenway (State Route 267) and State Route 28. The Dulles Airport Access Highway (DAAH) is a toll-free, limited access, highway owned by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority (MWAA) to facilitate car access to Dulles from the Washington Capital Beltway and Interstate 66.[59] After it opened, non-airport traffic between Washington and Reston became so heavy that a parallel set of toll lanes were added on the same right-of-way to accommodate non-airport traffic (Dulles Toll Road). However, the airport-only lanes are both less congested as well as toll-free. As of November 1, 2008, MWAA assumed responsibility from the Virginia Department of Transportation both for operating the Dulles Toll Road and for the construction of a rapid transit rail line down its median. Route 28, which runs north–south along the eastern edge of the airport, has been upgraded to a limited access highway, with the interchanges financed through a property tax surcharge on nearby business properties. The Dulles Toll Road has been extended to the west to Leesburg as the Dulles Greenway.
Public transportation[edit]
Fairfax Connector routes 981 and 983 serve Dulles, connecting to the Herndon–Monroe park & ride lot in Herndon, the Reston Town Center transit in Reston, the Wiehle – Reston East Metro station, and the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center Air and Space Museum.
As of 2014[update] the only Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority service to Dulles is the "Express" 5A Metrobus route. The 5A express bus makes two stops on its way from the airport to downtown Washington. Stops include the Herndon–Monroe park & ride lot in Herndon and the Rosslyn Metro station in Arlington. It terminates at the L'Enfant Plaza Metro station in Southwest DC. Both Metro stations can be accessed by the Orange, Blue, and Silver lines, while L'Enfant Plaza is also served by the Yellow and Green lines.
An alternative way of reaching Dulles is the Washington Flyer's Silver Line Express bus service that operates roughly every 15–20 minutes between the airport and the Wiehle – Reston East Metro station.[60] Washington Flyer service will be permanently discontinued when Phase II of the Silver Line opens in 2020.[61]
Passengers connecting to the Shenandoah Valley can use the Shenandoah Valley Commuter Bus, which connects to the Vienna and Rosslyn Metro stations. Washington Flyer was given a monopoly to operate cabs from Dulles Airport, as no other taxis can take passengers from the airport.[62] SuperShuttle ride sharing vans are also available. A special location exists for Uber and Lyft vehicles to take passengers, but the drivers need a special permit and there is an additional cost of $4 per trip.[63]
Construction is now underway to connect the airport to Washington via the Silver Line of the Washington Metro.[64] While initial plans called for completion of the station in 2016, officials now expect the construction to be completed in 2020.[65][66]
Accidents and incidents[edit]
Control Tower view of IAD in 1961.
There were three deaths during a nine-day air show held at Dulles in conjunction with Transpo '72 (officially called the U.S. International Transportation Exposition, a $10 million event sponsored by the U.S. Department of Transportation, and attended by over one million visitors from around the world).
On May 29, 1972, the third day of the show, the pilot of a Kite Rider (a variety of hang glider) was killed in a crash. This was to be the first of the three air deaths during the Air Show.[67]
On June 3, 1972, a second death occurred at the Transpo '72 Air Show, during a sport plane pylon race. At 2:40 pm, during the second lap and near a turn about pylon 3, a trailing aircraft's (LOWERS R-1 N66AN) wing and propeller hit the right wing tip of a leading aircraft (CASSUTT BARTH N7017). The right wing immediately sheared off the fuselage, and the damaged aircraft crashed almost instantly, killing the 29-year-old pilot, Hugh C. Alexander. He was a professional Air Racer with over 10,200 hours.[68][69]
On June 4, 1972, during the last day of the 9-day Transpo '72 Air Show, the U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds experienced their first fatal crash at an air show. Major Joe Howard flying Thunderbird 3 was killed when his F-4E-32-MC Phantom II, 66-0321, lost power during a vertical maneuver. The pilot broke out of formation just after he completed a wedge roll and was ascending at around 2,500 feet AGL. The aircraft staggered and descended in a flat attitude with little forward speed. Although Major Howard ejected as the aircraft fell back to earth from about 1,500 feet (460 m) tail first, and descended under a good canopy, winds blew him into the fireball ascending from the blazing crash site. The parachute melted and the pilot plummeted 200 feet, sustaining fatal injuries.[70]
On December 1, 1974, while diverting to Dulles, TWA Flight 514 crashed onto the western slope of Mount Weather.[71] All 85 passengers and 7 crew members were killed on impact.
Air France Concorde incidents of 1979:
On June 14, 1979, the number 5 and 6 tires on an Air France Concorde blew out during takeoff. Shrapnel thrown from the tires and rims damaged number 2 engine, punctured three fuel tanks, severed several hydraulic lines and electrical wires, in addition to tearing a large hole on the top of the wing, over the wheel well area.[72]
On July 21, 1979, one month after the above tire incident, another Air France Concorde blew several of its landing gear tires during takeoff. After that second incident the "French director general of civil aviation issued an air worthiness directive and Air France issued a Technical Information Update, each calling for revised procedures. These included required inspection of each wheel/tire for condition, pressure and temperature prior to each take-off. In addition, crews were advised that landing gear should not be raised when a wheel/tire problem is suspected."[72]
On June 18, 1994, a Learjet 25 operated by Mexican carrier TAESA crashed in trees while approaching the airport from the south. Twelve people died.[73] The passengers were planning to attend the 1994 FIFA World Cup soccer games being staged in Washington, D.C.
As part of the September 11th, 2001 attacks, American Airlines Flight 77 was hijacked while en route from Dulles to Los Angeles and flown directly into the Pentagon in Arlington County, Virginia, killing all 64 on board as well as 125 in The Pentagon.[74]
See also[edit]
District of Columbia portal
Virginia portal
Aviation portal
Busiest airports in the United States by international passenger traffic
List of thin shell structures
Thin-shell structure
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b FAA Airport Master Record for IAD (Form 5010 PDF)
Jump up ^ "Dulles Air Traffic Statistics". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. January 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Dulles International Airport". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Facts About Washington Dulles International Airport". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD) Air Traffic Statistics". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. 2014. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Preliminary CY 2012 Enplanements" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 3, 2013. Retrieved August 27, 2013.
Jump up ^ "U.S. International Air Passenger and Freight Statistics Report". Office of the Assistant Secretary for Aviation and International Affairs, U.S. Department of Transportation. Retrieved December 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Air Service Maps – IAD". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Calendar Year 2015 Revenue Enplanements at Commercial Service Airports" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Scheel, Eugene. "History of Dulles Airport". Retrieved June 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ "History of Washington Dulles International Airport". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Greenfield, Heather (November 17, 2002). "'Visionary' Dulles Airport hits 40". The Free Lance-Star. Fredericksburg, Virginia. Associated Press. p. B1.
Jump up ^ "History of Washington Dulles International Airport". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ Davis, J.W. (April 17, 1966). "Dulles Airport: Its future keeps being postponed". Eugene Register-Guard. Oregon. p. 10A.
Jump up ^ Aviation Daily 23 Feb 1971 p. 291
Jump up ^ "Space Shuttle Pavilion". IntrepidMuseum.org. Retrieved 2013-12-24.
Jump up ^ "Tribute to Eisenhower". The New York Times. Reuters. January 25, 1990. Retrieved June 3, 2011. see also, 101st Congress, S.J.RES.239.
Jump up ^ "Blackbird Records". SR-71 Online. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "United Airlines". Century-of-flight.net. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "United Express moves to Concourse A at Dulles International Airport". United.com. Archived from the original on April 24, 2006. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Coombs, Joe (February 7, 2008). "Passenger numbers up at Dulles International, Reagan National airports". Washington Business Journal. Retrieved April 6, 2008.
Jump up ^ Lufthansa starts 747-8 flights to Dulles - Washington Business Journal. Bizjournals.com (2012-06-01). Retrieved on 2013-08-16.
Jump up ^ Ethiopian Airlines Inaugurates 787 Dreamliner Airplane at Washington Dulles International Airport. ET African Journeys (2012-08-17). Retrieved on 2013-08-16.
Jump up ^ "Passenger Walkway to Concourses A and B Fact Sheet" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Dulles Development: Main Terminal Improvement Fact Sheet" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Aerotrain – How the System Works" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Weiss, Eric M. (August 19, 2008). "Dulles Updates Its People Movers". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "D2 Projects: Fourth Runway". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "D2 Projects: Future Fifth Runway". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Fox, Peggy (January 25, 2010). "Dulles Airport To Open AeroTrain". 9 News Now. WUSA. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Facts About Washington Dulles International Airport". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Komons, Nick (August 1, 1989). "Air Progress". Air Progress: 65.
Jump up ^ Aryanpur, Arianne (February 2, 2006). "At Dulles, The Tarmac Is Their Turf". The Washington Post. p. VA16. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
Jump up ^ Miroff, Nick (September 14, 2006). "Airport's Future Is on Rails". The Washington Post. p. B01. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
Jump up ^ Freeman, Sholnn (September 22, 2009). "Elbow Room Expands for International Arrivals". The Washington Post. p. B2.
Jump up ^ "New Passenger Security Screening Areas Open at Dulles International Airport Tomorrow" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority Office of Public Affairs. September 14, 2009. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Aerotrain has Opened". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "D2 Dulles Development: Concourse B Expansion" (PDF). Retrieved March 12, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Klint, Matthew. "Photo Tour: Turkish Airways Lounge Washington Dulles".
Jump up ^ Kidder Smith, G. E. (2000). Source Book of American Architecture: 500 Notable Buildings from the 10th Century to the Present. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. pp. 448–449. ISBN 978-1568982540. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "D2 Projects – Concourse C/D". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Main Terminal" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. July 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 16, 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Worldwide lounges". Qatar Airways. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "United to Introduce Three New Countries to Global Network" (Press release). United AIrlines. November 5, 2009. Archived from the original on June 13, 2011. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Washington". Virgin Atlantic. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Bugg, Tom (August 8, 2017). "Frontier Adds Nonstop Flights to Dulles, California’s Ontario". Rivard Report. Retrieved 2017-08-09.
Jump up ^ United Airlines Offers Customers More Ways to Get to Europe Next Summer Including New Service to Porto, Portugal and Reykjavik, Iceland
Jump up ^ "Order Selecting Carrier and Establish Subsidy Rates". Department of Transportation. August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ethiopian Airlines Moves North American Intermediate Stop to Dublin from May 2015". Airlineroute.net. April 15, 2015. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Air Traffic Statistics - June 2015" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Airlines Serving Dulles International". Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved 13 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Total Operations by Airline-May 2010 – April 2011" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. May 2011. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Total Passengers by Airline January 2014 - December 2014" (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority. Retrieved 2017-08-09.
Jump up ^ "Washington, DC: Dulles International (IAD)- Scheduled Services except Freight/Mail". Transtats.bts.gov. June 3, 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "BTS Air Carriers: T-100 International Market (All Carriers)". Retrieved June 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Air Traffic Statistics (PDF). Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Monthly Air Traffic Summary Report". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Total cargo (Freight, Express, & Mail).
Jump up ^ "Dulles Toll Road". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Silver Line Express Bus to Metrorail Station". washfly.com. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ "USA: Washington DC". To and From the Airport.com. 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ "End the Dulles Taxi Monopoly!". View from the Wing. Retrieved 2016-01-13.
Jump up ^ "DC's New Rules for Uber Airport Pickups Aren't Great For Riders". DC Inno. Retrieved 2016-01-13.
Jump up ^ "Dulles International Airport". Metropolitan Washington Airport Authority. 2011. Retrieved February 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Metro to Dulles opening date pushed back". WTOP-FM. March 16, 2011. Archived from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Lori Aratani, Silver Line phase 2: now arriving in 2020, The Washington Post (April 30, 2015).
Jump up ^ "Kite Rider Killed in Crash At Transpo 72 Air Show". The New York Times. May 30, 1972.
Jump up ^ "NTSB Aviation Query NYC72AN147 N66AN".
Jump up ^ "NTSB Aviation Query NYC72AN147 N7017".
Jump up ^ USAF Aircraft Accidents – Life Sciences Aspects, April–June 1972. Norton AFB, California: Directorate of Aerospace Safety, Air Force Inspection and Safety Center. pp. 59–60.
Jump up ^ Shaw, Adam (1977). Sound of Impact: The Legacy of TWA Flight 514. New York City: Viking Press. ISBN 0-670-65840-5.
^ Jump up to: a b "Safety Recommendations" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. November 9, 1981. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Safety Recommendation" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. April 3, 1995. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 26, 2009. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Flight Path Study – American Airlines Flight 77" (PDF). National Transportation Safety Board. February 19, 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 27, 2008.
External links[edit]
Media related to Washington Dulles International Airport at Wikimedia Commons
Official website
Official Dulles Food and Shops Concessions website
Footage of the Dedication of Dulles International Airport in 1962
openNav: IAD / KIAD charts
FAA Airport Diagram (PDF), effective September 14, 2017
Resources for this airport:
AirNav airport information for KIAD
ASN accident history for IAD
FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker
NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
SkyVector aeronautical chart for KIAD
FAA current IAD delay information
Aratani, Lori (November 27, 2014). "Dulles International Airport struggles to find its footing". The Washington Post. (on declining passenger volumes at Dulles)
Mutzabaugh, Ben (January 15, 2016). "Emirates will fly A380 to D.C. after United drops Dubai route". USA Today.
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If You Leave (song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"If You Leave"
Single by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark
from the album Pretty in Pink soundtrack
Released
April 21, 1986 (1986-04-21)
Format
7", 12"
Recorded
1986
Length
4:30
Label
Virgin Records (UK)
A&M Records (US)
Songwriter(s)
Andy McCluskey, Paul Humphreys, Martin Cooper
Producer(s)
Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, Tom Lord-Alge
Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark singles chronology
"La Femme Accident"
(1985) "If You Leave"
(1986) "(Forever) Live and Die"
(1986)
"La Femme Accident"
(1985) "If You Leave"
(1986) "(Forever) Live and Die"
(1986)
"If You Leave" is a 1986 song by the British synthpop group Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark (OMD). It was recorded for the soundtrack to the film Pretty in Pink (1986), in which it is played prominently during the final scene. Along with 1980's "Enola Gay",[1] the track has been described as the band's signature song.[2]
"If You Leave" is the group's highest-charting single in the United States, where it reached number 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in May 1986. The song was also a Top 5 entry in Canada and New Zealand, and charted at number 15 in Australia. A distinguishing track of the 1980s, it has had an enduring presence on radio.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Composition
2 Reception and legacy
3 In popular culture
4 Track listing
4.1 7": Virgin / VS 843 (UK)
4.2 7": A&M/Virgin / AM 8669 (US)
4.3 7": A&M/Virgin / AM 2811 (US)
4.4 12": Virgin / VS 843-12 (UK)
4.5 12": A&M/Virgin / SP-12176 (US)
5 Chart positions
6 Other appearances
7 Cover versions
8 References
Composition[edit]
The band wrote "If You Leave" after John Hughes decided to change the ending to Pretty in Pink after poor test audience reactions. Hughes had asked the band for a song for the new ending two days before they were due to begin a tour, and "If You Leave" was written and recorded in under 24 hours as a result.[4] The song was deliberately written at a tempo of 120 BPM, to match the speed of "Don't You (Forget About Me)", which the dancers in the scene had initially danced to.[5] Despite this songwriter Andy McClusky later noted that an editing error meant that the dancing appears out of sync regardless.[5] The original ending featured another OMD song, "Goddess of Love", which was released on The Pacific Age later in 1986.[4]
Reception and legacy[edit]
Ian Cranna in Smash Hits wrote that "If You Leave" is "false and contrived and seems to last about 3 years" (but described UK B-side "88 Seconds in Greensboro" as "OMD at their blazing best").[6] On the other hand, Chicago Sun-Times journalist Dennis Hunt asserted that the track "is too good to be ignored".[7] Retrospectively, Alfred Soto of The Village Voice said it "starts promisingly" and features "admirably straightforward" lyrics, but concluded: "Gradually the annoyances become menaces. The parts are garish, overstated; it's a cluttered mix."[8] Trouser Press called the song a "dull ballad" that "was thankfully omitted from OMD's subsequent album, The Pacific Age".[9]
Conversely, Stereogum critic Ryan Leas considered the track to be among "the best songs of the '80s", and described its intro/chorus synthesizer melody as "one of the best sounds ever".[10] Andrew Unterberger in Stylus Magazine said that the "gorgeous" song makes the final scene of Pretty in Pink "one of the best in cinematic history".[11] AllMusic journalist Mike DeGagne named "If You Leave" as the best track from Pretty in Pink, adding that "its adult feel and smooth transition from stanza to chorus makes it [OMD's] most memorable song".[12]
Hugo Lindgren in The New York Times Magazine argued that the stateside popularity of "If You Leave" – as well as that of the similarly pop-oriented Crush (1985) – "obscured OMD's legacy as musical innovators" from US audiences, and marked a shift toward "making music for whoever signed the checks".[4] Listeners in OMD's native UK – where the band had gained an audience with edgy, experimental music – were particularly resistant to the track, which peaked at no. 48 on the UK Singles Chart.[13] Frontman Andy McCluskey commented: "It's a blessing to have such a big hit, but a shame that it overshadows so many other good songs for the US audience. We have many European fans who hate the song."[14]
Entertainment Weekly journalist Dana Falcone described "If You Leave" as a "now-classic tune" and "OMD's best-known song to Americans".[15] The track has been included in various "greatest songs" listings;[16][17][18][19][20][21] KOOL-FM named it the third-best new wave song of the 1980s,[16] while Time Out ranked it the 10th greatest track of 1980s cinema.[17]
In popular culture[edit]
The Canadian teen drama Degrassi: The Next Generation, which was known in its early seasons for naming each episode after a 1980s hit song, named an episode after this song. On Modern Family, "If You Leave" is Phil and Claire Dunphy's song. However, Claire forgets this and thinks their song is "True" by Spandau Ballet.[22] In the Season 2 finale of The Goldbergs the song is played as Erica boards the plane on her way to her summer music school. Cover versions of the song have also been used in film and television.
Track listing[edit]
7": Virgin / VS 843 (UK)[edit]
"If You Leave" – 4:30
"88 Seconds in Greensboro" – 4:20
7": A&M/Virgin / AM 8669 (US)[edit]
"If You Leave" – 4:24
"Secret" – 3:57
7": A&M/Virgin / AM 2811 (US)[edit]
"If You Leave" - 4:24
"La Femme Accident" - 3:58
12": Virgin / VS 843-12 (UK)[edit]
"If You Leave" (extended version) – 5:59
"88 Seconds in Greensboro" – 4:20
"Locomotion" (live version) – 3:50
12": A&M/Virgin / SP-12176 (US)[edit]
"If You Leave" (extended version) – 5:59
"La Femme Accident" (extended version) – 5:36
Chart positions[edit]
Chart (1986)
Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[23] 15
New Zealand Singles Chart 5
UK Singles Chart 48
US Billboard Hot 100 4
US Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks 24
US Billboard Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales 31
Other appearances[edit]
The OMD greatest hits albums The Best of OMD and The OMD Singles
"If You Leave" was featured in the compilation album Lost & Found: Reconstruction.
Cover versions[edit]
"If You Leave" was covered by pop-punk band Good Charlotte for the soundtrack of Not Another Teen Movie, a parody on teen movies like Pretty in Pink.
A cover version by Nada Surf was used on an episode of The O.C. It is played as a tribute to the John Hughes film Pretty in Pink where the original OMD version of the song appeared. It was released on Music from the OC: Mix 2.
LMP covered the song on their album A Century of Song.
Indie rock band Rafter covered the song for the compilation album Guilt by Association Vol. 2, released in 2008.[24]
It was also covered by Tom Racer on the compilation album Isn't She Still... the Pretty in Pink Soundtrack Revisited.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ O'Brien, Jon. "Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark – Live in Berlin". AllMusic. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "'Now I'm bored and old': 27 deliberately confounding follow-ups to popular successes". The A.V. Club. 17 August 2009. Retrieved 26 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Wuench, Kevin (January 28, 2014). "Tuesday lost and found: OMD's 'Electricity'". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Lindgren, Hugo (May 10, 2013). "The Plot Against Rock". The New York Times Magazine. The New York Times Company. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Macantosh, Dan. "ANDY MCCLUSKY OF OMD". Songfacts. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Cranna, Ian (May 7, 1986). "Single Reviews (OMD – '88 Seconds in Greensboro')". Smash Hits. 8 (10): 41.
Jump up ^ Hunt, Dennis (17 June 1986). "Hit single puts OMD in the pink". Chicago Sun-Times. HighBeam Research. Retrieved 19 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Soto, Alfred (19 June 2012). "OMD's 'If You Leave' Can't Get Out Of Here Soon Enough". The Village Voice. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
Jump up ^ "Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark". Trouser Press. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
Jump up ^ Leas, Ryan (February 12, 2016). "Neon Nostalgia". Stereogum. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Unterberger, Andrew (October 3, 2003). "Top Ten Musical Moments from Pretty in Pink". Stylus Magazine. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ The Best of OMD at AllMusic.
Jump up ^ "If You Leave" review at AllMusic.
Jump up ^ "If You Leave by OMD". Songfacts. Retrieved 19 January 2017.
Jump up ^ Falcone, Dana (28 February 2016). "Pretty in Pink 30th anniversary: OMD 'If You Leave'". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 18 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Top 15 New Wave Songs of the '80s". KOOL-FM. April 18, 2016. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Chenr, Michael (March 18, 2014). "The 50 best songs from '80s movies". Time Out. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "CBS-FM's Thanksgiving 2015 Countdown of the Top 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". WCBS-FM. November 16, 2015. Retrieved October 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Top 500 Songs of the 80's-00's. Blender. 2005. Retrieved October 23, 2012. Archived at Acclaimed Music.
Jump up ^ Terich, Terrance. The Top 200 Songs of the 80's: Part One. Treble. February 13, 2011. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The 1001 Greatest Songs to Download Right Now!". Blender. October 2003.
Jump up ^ "Modern Family "Great Expectations"".
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 224. ISBN 0-646-11917-6. N.B. The Kent Report chart was licensed by ARIA from mid-1983 until June 19, 1988.
Jump up ^ Matthew Solarski (November 19, 2008). "My Brightest Diamond, Frightened Rabbit Do Covers". Pitchfork Media. Retrieved June 26, 2010.
[hide]
v
t
e
Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark
Andy McCluskey
Paul Humphreys
Martin Cooper
Stuart Kershaw
Dave Hughes
Malcolm Holmes
Michael Douglas
Graham Weir
Neil Weir
Phil Coxon
Nigel Ipinson
Abe Juckes
Studio albums
Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark
Organisation
Architecture & Morality
Dazzle Ships
Junk Culture
Crush
The Pacific Age
Sugar Tax
Liberator
Universal
History of Modern
English Electric
The Punishment of Luxury
Compilation albums
The Best of OMD
The OMD Singles
The OMD Remixes
Navigation: The OMD B-Sides
Messages: Greatest Hits
Live albums
Peel Sessions 1979–1983
OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More
Singles and EPs
"Electricity"
"Red Frame/White Light"
"Messages"
"Enola Gay"
"Souvenir"
"Joan of Arc"
"Maid of Orleans (The Waltz Joan of Arc)"
"Genetic Engineering"
"Telegraph"
"Locomotion"
"Talking Loud and Clear"
"Tesla Girls"
"Never Turn Away"
"So in Love"
"Secret"
"La Femme Accident"
"If You Leave"
"(Forever) Live and Die"
"We Love You"
"Shame"
"Dreaming"
"Brides of Frankenstein"
"Sailing on the Seven Seas"
"Pandora's Box"
"Then You Turn Away"
"Call My Name"
"Stand Above Me"
"Dream of Me"
"Everyday"
"Walking on the Milky Way"
"Universal"
"If You Want It"
"Sister Marie Says"
"History of Modern (Part I)"
Videography
The Best of OMD
OMD Live: Architecture & Morality & More
Messages: Greatest Hits
Electricity: OMD with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra
Related articles
Discography
The Id
Dalek I Love You
The Listening Pool
Onetwo
Atomic Kitten
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