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Garden of Eden
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Biblical "garden of God"
Not to be confused with Eden Gardens or Eden Garden.
For other uses, see Garden of Eden (disambiguation).
The Garden of Eden as depicted in the first or left panel of Bosch's The Garden of Earthly Delights triptych. The panel includes many imagined and exotic African animals.[1]
The Garden of Eden (Hebrew גַּן עֵדֶן, Gan ʿEḏen), also called Paradise, is the biblical "garden of God" described in the Book of Genesis and the Book of Ezekiel.[2][3] Genesis 13:10 refers to the "garden of God",[4] and the "trees of the garden" are mentioned in Ezekiel 31.[5] The Book of Zechariah and the Book of Psalms also refer to trees and water without explicitly mentioning Eden.[6]
The name derives from the Akkadian edinnu, from a Sumerian word edin meaning "plain" or "steppe", closely related to an Aramaic root word meaning "fruitful, well-watered".[3] Another interpretation associates the name with a Hebrew word for "pleasure"; thus the Douay-Rheims Bible in Genesis 2:8 has the wording "And the Lord God had planted a paradise of pleasure" rather than "a garden in Eden". The Hebrew term is translated "pleasure" in Sarah's secret saying in Genesis 18:12.[7]
Like the Genesis flood narrative, the Genesis creation narrative and the account of the Tower of Babel, the story of Eden echoes the Mesopotamian myth of a king, as a primordial man, who is placed in a divine garden to guard the Tree of Life.[8] The Hebrew Bible depicts Adam and Eve as walking around the Garden of Eden naked due to their innocence.[9]
The location of Eden is described in the Book of Genesis as the source of four tributaries. The Garden of Eden is considered to be mythological by most scholars.[10][11][12][13] Among those that consider it to have been real, there have been various suggestions for its location:[14] at the head of the Persian Gulf, in southern Mesopotamia (now Iraq) where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers run into the sea;[15] and in Armenia.[16][17][18]
Contents
1 Biblical narratives
1.1 Genesis
1.2 Ezekiel
2 Proposed locations
3 Parallel concepts
4 Other views
4.1 Jewish eschatology
4.2 Islamic view
4.3 Latter Day Saints
5 Art
6 See also
7 References
8 Bibliography
9 External links
Biblical narratives[edit]
Expulsion from Paradise, painting by James Jacques Joseph Tissot
The Expulsion illustrated in the English Caedmon manuscript, c. 1000 CE
Genesis[edit]
Main articles: Genesis creation narrative and Adam and Eve
The second part of the Genesis creation narrative, Genesis 2:4-3:24, opens with YHWH-Elohim (translated here "the LORD God", see Names of God in Judaism) creating the first man (Adam), whom he placed in a garden that he planted "eastward in Eden".[19] "And out of the ground made the Lord God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil."[20]
The man was free to eat from any tree in the garden except the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. Last of all, the God made a woman (Eve) from a rib of the man to be a companion for the man. In chapter three, the man and the woman were seduced by the serpent into eating the forbidden fruit, and they were expelled from the garden to prevent them from eating of the tree of life, and thus living forever. Cherubim were placed east of the garden, "and a flaming sword which turned every way, to guard the way of the tree of life" (Genesis 3:24).
Genesis 2:10–14 lists four rivers in association with the garden of Eden: Pishon, Gihon, Chidekel (the Tigris), and Phirat (the Euphrates). It also refers to the land of Cush—translated/interpreted as Ethiopia, but thought by some to equate to Cossaea, a Greek name for the land of the Kassites.[21] These lands lie north of Elam, immediately to the east of ancient Babylon, which, unlike Ethiopia, does lie within the region being described.[22] In Antiquities of the Jews, the first-century Jewish historian Josephus identifies the Pishon as what "the Greeks called Ganges" and the Geon (Gehon) as the Nile.[23]
According to Lars-Ivar Ringbom the paradisus terrestris is located in Shiz in northeastern Iran.[24]
Ezekiel[edit]
Main article: Ezekiel's cherub in Eden
In Ezekiel 28:12–19 the prophet Ezekiel the "son of man" sets down God's word against the king of Tyre: the king was the "seal of perfection", adorned with precious stones from the day of his creation, placed by God in the garden of Eden on the holy mountain as a guardian cherub. But the king sinned through wickedness and violence, and so he was driven out of the garden and thrown to the earth, where now he is consumed by God's fire: "All those who knew you in the nations are appalled at you, you have come to a horrible end and will be no more." (v.19).
According to Terje Stordalen, the Eden in Ezekiel appears to be located in Lebanon.[25] "[I]t appears that the Lebanon is an alternative placement in Phoenician myth (as in Ez 28,13, III.48) of the Garden of Eden",[26] and there are connections between paradise, the garden of Eden and the forests of Lebanon (possibly used symbolically) within prophetic writings.[27] Edward Lipinski and Peter Kyle McCarter have suggested that the Garden of the gods (Sumerian paradise), the oldest Sumerian version of the Garden of Eden, relates to a mountain sanctuary in the Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon ranges.[28]
Proposed locations[edit]
Map showing the rivers in the Middle East known in English as the Tigris and Euphrates.
Map by Pierre Mortier, 1700, based on theories of Pierre Daniel Huet, Bishop of Avranches. A caption in French and Dutch reads: Map of the location of the terrestrial paradise, and of the country inhabited by the patriarchs, laid out for the good understanding of sacred history, by M. Pierre Daniel Huet.
The Garden of Eden is considered to be mythological by most scholars.[10][11][12][29][13][30] However there have been suggestions for its location:[14] for example, at the head of the Persian Gulf, in southern Mesopotamia (now Iraq) where the Tigris and Euphrates rivers run into the sea;[15] and in the Armenian Highlands or Armenian Plateau.[16][31][17][18] British archaeologist David Rohl locates it in Iran, and in the vicinity of Tabriz, but this suggestion has not caught on with scholarly sources.[32]
The location of Eden is described in the Book of Genesis, chapter 2, verses 10–14:
And a river departed from Eden to water the garden, and from there it divided and became four tributaries.
The name of the first is Pishon, which is the circumnavigator of the land of Havilah where there is gold. And the gold of this land is good; there are bdellium and cornelian stone. And the name of the second river is Gihon, which is the circumnavigator of the land of Cush. And the name of the third is Chidekel, which is that which goes to the east of Ashur; and the fourth river is Phirat.
Parallel concepts[edit]
Dilmun in the Sumerian story of Enki and Ninhursag is a paradisaical abode[33] of the immortals, where sickness and death were unknown.[34]
The garden of the Hesperides in Greek mythology was somewhat similar to the Christian concept of the Garden of Eden, and by the 16th century a larger intellectual association was made in the Cranach painting (see illustration at top). In this painting, only the action that takes place there identifies the setting as distinct from the Garden of the Hesperides, with its golden fruit.
The Persian term "paradise" (borrowed as Hebrew: פרדס, pardes), meaning a royal garden or hunting-park, gradually became a synonym for Eden after c. 500 BCE. The word "pardes" occurs three times in the Hebrew Bible, but always in contexts other than a connection with Eden: in the Song of Solomon iv. 13: "Thy plants are an orchard (pardes) of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard"; Ecclesiastes 2. 5: "I made me gardens and orchards (pardes), and I planted trees in them of all kind of fruits"; and in Nehemiah ii. 8: "And a letter unto Asaph the keeper of the king's orchard (pardes), that he may give me timber to make beams for the gates of the palace which appertained to the house, and for the wall of the city." In these examples pardes clearly means "orchard" or "park", but in the apocalyptic literature and in the Talmud "paradise" gains its associations with the Garden of Eden and its heavenly prototype, and in the New Testament "paradise" becomes the realm of the blessed (as opposed to the realm of the cursed) among those who have already died, with literary Hellenistic influences.
Other views[edit]
Jewish eschatology[edit]
In the Talmud and the Jewish Kabbalah,[35] the scholars agree that there are two types of spiritual places called "Garden in Eden". The first is rather terrestrial, of abundant fertility and luxuriant vegetation, known as the "lower Gan Eden". The second is envisioned as being celestial, the habitation of righteous, Jewish and non-Jewish, immortal souls, known as the "higher Gan Eden". The Rabbanim differentiate between Gan and Eden. Adam is said to have dwelt only in the Gan, whereas Eden is said never to be witnessed by any mortal eye.[35]
According to Jewish eschatology,[36][37] the higher Gan Eden is called the "Garden of Righteousness". It has been created since the beginning of the world, and will appear gloriously at the end of time. The righteous dwelling there will enjoy the sight of the heavenly chayot carrying the throne of God. Each of the righteous will walk with God, who will lead them in a dance. Its Jewish and non-Jewish inhabitants are "clothed with garments of light and eternal life, and eat of the tree of life" (Enoch 58,3) near to God and His anointed ones.[37] This Jewish rabbinical concept of a higher Gan Eden is opposed by the Hebrew terms gehinnom[38] and sheol, figurative names for the place of spiritual purification for the wicked dead in Judaism, a place envisioned as being at the greatest possible distance from heaven.[39]
In modern Jewish eschatology it is believed that history will complete itself and the ultimate destination will be when all mankind returns to the Garden of Eden.[40]
Islamic view[edit]
Mozarabic world map from 1109 with Eden in the East (at top)
The term jannāt ʿadni ("Gardens of Eden" or "Gardens of Perpetual Residence") is used in the Qur'an for the destination of the righteous. There are several mentions of "the Garden" in the Qur'an (2:35, 7:19, 20:117), while the Garden of Eden, without the word ʿadn,[41] is commonly the fourth layer of the Islamic heaven and not necessarily thought as the dwelling place of Adam.[42] The Quran refers frequently over various Surah about the first abode of Adam and Hawwa (Eve), including surat Sad, which features 18 verses on the subject (38:71–88), surat al-Baqara, surat al-A'raf, and surat al-Hijr although sometimes without mentioning the location. The narrative mainly surrounds the resulting expulsion of Hawwa and Adam after they were tempted by Shaitan. Despite the Biblical account, the Quran mentions only one tree in Eden, the tree of immortality, which God specifically claimed it was forbidden to Adam and Eve. Some exegesis added an account, about Satan, disguised as a serpent to enter the Garden, repeatedly told Adam to eat from the tree, and eventually both Adam and Eve did so, resulting in disobeying God.[43] These stories are also featured in the hadith collections, including al-Tabari.[44]
Latter Day Saints[edit]
See also: Adam and Eve (LDS Church)
Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (also known as Mormons or Latter-day Saints) believe that after Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden they resided in a place known as Adam-ondi-Ahman, located in present-day Daviess County, Missouri. It is recorded in the Doctrine and Covenants that Adam blessed his posterity there and that he will return to that place at the time of the final judgement[45][46] in fulfillment of biblical prophecy.[47]
Numerous early leaders of the Church, including Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball, and George Q. Cannon, taught that the Garden of Eden itself was located in nearby Jackson County, Missouri,[48] but there are no surviving first-hand accounts of that doctrine being taught by Joseph Smith himself. LDS doctrine is unclear as to the exact location of the Garden of Eden, but tradition among Latter-Day Saints places it somewhere in the vicinity of Adam-ondi-Ahman, or in Jackson County.[49][50]
Art[edit]
The Garden of Eden motifs most frequently portrayed in illuminated manuscripts and paintings are the "Sleep of Adam" ("Creation of Eve"), the "Temptation of Eve" by the Serpent, the "Fall of Man" where Adam takes the fruit, and the "Expulsion". The idyll of "Naming Day in Eden" was less often depicted. Much of Milton's Paradise Lost occurs in the Garden of Eden. Michelangelo depicted a scene at the Garden of Eden in the Sistine Chapel ceiling. In the Divine Comedy, Dante places the Garden at the top of Mt. Purgatory. For many medieval writers, the image of the Garden of Eden also creates a location for human love and sexuality, often associated with the classic and medieval trope of the locus amoenus.[51] One of oldest depictions of Garden of Eden is made in Byzantine style in Ravenna, while the city was still under Byzantine control. A preserved blue mosaic is part of the mausoleum of Galla Placidia. Circular motifs represent flowers of the garden of Eden.
The Garden of Eden by Lucas Cranach der Ältere, a 16th-century German depiction of Eden
The Garden of Eden with the Fall of Man by Jan Brueghel the Elder and Pieter Paul Rubens, depicting both domestic and exotic wild animals such as tigers, parrots and ostriches co-existing in the garden
Fifth century "Garden of Eden" mosaic in mausoleum of Galla Placidia in Ravenna, Italy. UNESCO World heritage site.
"The Garden of Eden" by Thomas Cole (c. 1828)
"The Garden of Eden" by Adi Holzer made in 2012.
See also[edit]
Antelapsarianism
Christian naturism
Epic of Gilgamesh
Eridu
Fertile Crescent
Golden Age
Heaven in Judaism
Jannah
Nondualism
Persian gardens
The Summerland
Tamoanchan
Utopia
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Gibson, Walter S. Hieronymus Bosch. New York:Hudson, 1973. p. 26. ISBN 0-500-20134-X
Jump up ^ Metzger, Bruce Manning; Coogan, Michael D (2004). The Oxford Guide To People And Places Of The Bible. Oxford University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-19-517610-0. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Cohen 2011, pp. 228–229
Jump up ^ http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Genesis+13
Jump up ^ http://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Ezekiel+31
Jump up ^ Tigchelaar 1999, p. 37
Jump up ^ H5731 Eden – The same as H5730 (masculine); Eden= "pleasure" ... the first habitat of man after the creation; site unknown
Jump up ^ Davidson 1973, p. 33.
Jump up ^ Donald Miller (2007) Miller 3-in-1: Blue Like Jazz, Through Painted Deserts, Searching for God, Thomas Nelson Inc, ISBN 978-1418551179, p. PT207
^ Jump up to: a b Levenson 2004, p. 11 "How much history lies behind the story of Genesis? Because the action of the primeval story is not represented as taking place on the plane of ordinary human history and has so many affinities with ancient mythology, it is very far-fetched to speak of its narratives as historical at all."
^ Jump up to: a b Schwartz, Howard; Loebel-Fried, Caren; Ginsburg, Elliot K. (2007). Tree of Souls: The Mythology of Judaism. Oxford University Press. p. 704.
^ Jump up to: a b George, Arthur; George, Elena (2014). The Mythology of Eden. Hamilton Books. p. 458.
^ Jump up to: a b Graves, Robert; Patai, Raphael (1986). Hebrew Myths: The Book of Genesis. Random House. p. 315.
^ Jump up to: a b Wilensky-Lanford, Brook (2012). Paradise Lust: Searching for the Garden of Eden. Grove Press.
^ Jump up to: a b Hamblin, Dora Jane (May 1987). "Has the Garden of Eden been located at last? (Dead Link)" (PDF). Smithsonian. 18 (2). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Zevit, Ziony. What Really Happened in the Garden of Eden? 2013. Yale University Press, p. 111.
^ Jump up to: a b Duncan, Joseph E. Milton's Earthly Paradise: A Historical Study of Eden. 1972. University Of Minnesota Press, pp. 96, 212.
^ Jump up to: a b Scafi, Alessandro. Return to the Sources: Paradise in Armenia, in: Mapping Paradise: A History of Heaven on Earth. 2006. London-Chicago: British Library-University of Chicago Press, pp. 317-322
Jump up ^ Levenson 2004, p. 13 "The root of Eden denotes fertility. Where the wondrously fertile gard was thought to have been located (if a realistic location was ever conceived) is unclear. The Tigris and Euphrates are the two great rivers of the Mesopotamia (now found in modern Iraq). But the Piston is unidentified, and the only Gihon in the Bible is a spring in Jerusalem (1 Kings 1.33, 38)."
Jump up ^ Genesis 2:9
Jump up ^ "The Jewish Quarterly Review". The Jewish Quarterly Review. University of Pennsylvania Press. 64-65: 132. 1973. ISSN 1553-0604. Retrieved 2014-02-19. ...as Cossaea, the country of the Kassites in Mesopotamia [...]
Jump up ^ Speiser 1994, p. 38
Jump up ^ Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews. Book I, Chapter 1, Section 3.
Jump up ^ Lars-Ivar Ringbom, Paradisus Terrestris. Myt, Bild Och Verklighet, Helsingfors, 1958.
Jump up ^ Stordalen 2000, p. 164
Jump up ^ Brown 2001, p. 138
Jump up ^ Swarup 2006, p. 185
Jump up ^ Smith 2009, p. 61
Jump up ^ Delumeau, Jean; O'Connell, Matthew (2000). History of Paradise: The Garden of Eden in Myth and Tradition. University of Illinois Press. p. 276.
Jump up ^ Albright, W. F. (October 1922). "The Location of the Garden of Eden". The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures. The University of Chicago Press. 39 (1): 15–31. doi:10.1086/369964. JSTOR 528684.
Jump up ^ Day, John. Yahweh and the Gods and Goddesses of Canaan. 2002. Sheffield Academic Press, p. 30.
Jump up ^ Cline, Eric H. (2007). From Eden to Exile: Unraveling Mysteries of the Bible. National Geographic. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-4262-0084-7.
Jump up ^ Mathews 1996, pp. 96.
Jump up ^ Cohen 2011, pp. 229.
^ Jump up to: a b Gan Eden – JewishEncyclopedia; 02-22-2010.
Jump up ^ Olam Ha-Ba – The Afterlife - JewFAQ.org; 02-22-2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Eshatology – JewishEncyclopedia; 02-22-2010.
Jump up ^ "Gehinnom is the Hebrew name; Gehenna is Yiddish." Gehinnom – Judaism 101 websourced 02-10-2010.
Jump up ^ "Gan Eden and Gehinnom". Jewfaq.org. Retrieved 2011-06-30.
Jump up ^ "End of Days". End of Days. Aish. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
Jump up ^ See list of occurrences.
Jump up ^ Patrick Hughes, Thomas Patrick Hughes Dictionary of Islam Asian Educational Services 1995 ISBN 978-8-120-60672-2 page 133
Jump up ^ Leaman, Oliver The Quran, an encyclopedia, p. 11, 2006
Jump up ^ Wheeler, Brannon Mecca and Eden: ritual, relics, and territory in Islam p. 16, 2006
Jump up ^ "Doctrine and Covenants 107:53".
Jump up ^ "Doctrine and Covenants 116:1".
Jump up ^ "Daniel 7:13-14,22".
Jump up ^ "Joseph Smith/Garden of Eden in Missouri", FairMormon Answers
Jump up ^ Bruce A. Van Orden, "I Have a Question: What do we know about the location of the Garden of Eden?", Ensign, January 1994, pp. 54–55.
Jump up ^ http://www.mormonnewsroom.org/article/mormonism-101#C18 "Mormonism 101: FAQ"
Jump up ^ Curtius 1953, p. 200, n.31
Bibliography[edit]
Brown, John Pairman (2001). Israel and Hellas, Volume 3. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 9783110168822.
Cohen, Chaim (2011). "Eden". In Berlin, Adele; Grossman, Maxine. The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199730049.
Curtius, Ernst Robert (1953). European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages. Princeton UP. ISBN 978-0-691-01899-7. Translated by Willard R. Trask.
Davidson, Robert (1973). Genesis 1-11 (commentary by Davidson, R. 1987 [Reprint] ed.). Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521097604.
Levenson, Jon D. (2004). "Genesis: Introduction and Annotations". In Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi. The Jewish Study Bible. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195297515.
Mathews, Kenneth A. (1996). Genesis. Nashville, Tenn.: Broadman & Holman Publishers. ISBN 9780805401011.
Smith, Mark S. (2009). "Introduction". In Pitard, Wayne T. The Ugaritic Baal Cycle, volume II. BRILL. ISBN 9004153489.
Speiser, E.A. (1994). "The Rivers of Paradise". In Tsumura, D.T.; Hess, R.S. I Studied Inscriptions from Before the Flood. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 9780931464881.
Stordalen, Terje (2000). Echoes of Eden. Peeters. ISBN 9789042908543.
Swarup, Paul (2006). The self-understanding of the Dead Sea Scrolls Community. Continuum.
Tigchelaar, Eibert J. C. (1999). "Eden and Paradise: The Garden Motif in some Early Jewish Texts (1 Enoch and Other Texts Found at Qumran)". In Luttikhuizen, Gerard P. Paradise Interpreted. Themes in Biblical narrative. Leiden: Konninklijke Brill. ISBN 90 04 11331 2.
Willcocks, Sir William, Hormuzd Rassam. Mesopotamian Trade. Noah's Flood: The Garden of Eden, in: The Geographical Journal 35[permanent dead link], No. 4 (April 1910). DOI: 10.2307/1777041[dead link]
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Garden of Eden.
Look up Garden of Eden in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Smithsonian article on the geography of the Tigris-Euphrates region
Many translations of II Kings 19:12
"Eden". The American Cyclopædia. 1879.
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Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry
Michigan Wolverines
Michigan State Spartans
First meeting
October 12, 1898, Ann Arbor
Michigan 36, State Agricultural College [1]
Latest meeting
October 7, 2017, Ann Arbor
Michigan State 14, Michigan 10
Next meeting
2018, East Lansing
Trophy
Paul Bunyan Trophy, Michigan leads, 36–27–2
Statistics
Meetings total
110
All-time series
Michigan leads, 69–36–5
Largest victory
Michigan, 119–0 (1902)
Longest win streak
Michigan, 14 (1916–29)
Longest unbeaten streak
Michigan, 18 (1916–1933)
Current win streak
Michigan State, 1 (2017–present)
The Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the University of Michigan Wolverines and Michigan State University Spartans. The winner of each year's game receives the Paul Bunyan Trophy. The teams first played in 1898 and have met almost every year since 1910 (exceptions in 1943, 44); the competition became a conference rivalry with Michigan State's entrance into the Big Ten Conference in 1950.
Contents
[hide]
1 Series history
2 Paul Bunyan Trophy
3 Notable games
3.1 1898: The first game
3.2 1900s
3.3 1910s
3.4 1970s
3.5 1990s
3.6 2000s
3.7 2010s
4 Accomplishments by the two rivals
5 Game results
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Series history[edit]
Michigan leads the series 69–36–5. The series record for the Paul Bunyan Trophy (as of 2017) is 36–27–2 for Michigan as the trophy wasn't added until Michigan State became a full member of the Big Ten in 1953, at which point Michigan led 33–9–3. A home-and-home series did not begin until the 1958 season. Through the 1957 season, the game was played in Ann Arbor 46 times and in East Lansing only 6 times. However, Michigan went 5-1 in East Lansing over that time.[2] At the start of the trophy game series, Michigan State began a nearly two-decade period of dominance. From 1950 to 1969, Michigan State went 14–4–2. For the next four decades, Michigan went 30–10. Since the Spartans hired coach Mark Dantonio, Michigan State has won eight of the last eleven games. Michigan State has held a four-game winning streak on four separate occasions (most recently in the 2008–11 seasons) in the series history. Michigan has held winning streaks of fourteen, ten, eight, six and five games throughout the series.
Paul Bunyan Trophy[edit]
The Paul Bunyan Trophy on display at Michigan State in 2009
The game's trophy is the "Paul Bunyan – Governor of Michigan Trophy", or simply, the Paul Bunyan Trophy. It is a four foot tall wooden statue of the legendary giant lumberjack Paul Bunyan on a five-foot base. It reflects Michigan's history as a major lumber-producing state. The trophy was first presented in 1953 by governor G. Mennen Williams to commemorate Michigan State's joining the Big Ten Conference.[3]
When the trophy was created in 1953, Michigan athletic director and former head coach Fritz Crisler refused to take the trophy if Michigan had won the game. Michigan State won the first game for the Paul Bunyan Trophy in 1953, displaying it proudly in Jenison Fieldhouse.
The following year in 1954, the trophy was left on the field for half an hour after Michigan defeated the Spartans 33–7. "We'll find a place for the trophy," Crisler told The Michigan Daily after game. The Paul Bunyan Trophy was stored in the Michigan Stadium locker room in one of the equipment closets.[4]
Despite winning in 1954 and 1955, Michigan did not engrave their scores onto the neglected trophy. When the Spartans won in 1956, they engraved the Wolverine victories onto the trophy.[4]
The 1958 game was a 12–12 tie. The favored Spartans were so embarrassed that they didn't win, they originally refused to keep the trophy while Michigan refused to take the trophy. Michigan State eventually relented and kept the trophy.[4]
Despite its rocky start, the Trophy has become an important icon for both Universities, as a symbol of football supremacy in the State of Michigan.
Notable games[edit]
1898: The first game[edit]
The first game in the rivalry between Michigan and Michigan State (then known as Michigan Agricultural College) was played in Ann Arbor on October 12, 1898, with Michigan defeating the Aggies 39–0. The Detroit Free Press wrote that the game was "essentially a practice game," as Michigan played 25 different players during the game. Charles Widman scored two touchdowns and was "the strongest ground-gainer" for Michigan. In the second half, Keena also kicked a field goal from a place-kick, "the first time a Michigan eleven has ever scored in that fashion."[5][6] After the 1898 shutout, Michigan sent its freshman team against Michigan Agricultural for the next three years.[7] The two rivals have played each other more than 100 times since the inaugural meeting in 1898.
1900s[edit]
Albert E. Herrnstein scored seven touchdowns against the Aggies in 1902.
1902. Michigan's 1902 team finished 11–0, outscored opponents 644 to 12, and became known as the second of head coach Fielding H. Yost's "Point-a-Minute" teams. The Wolverines faced Michigan Agricultural on Wednesday, October 8, 1902, and defeated the Aggies 119–0.[8] Michigan was held on downs only once in the game, and the Aggies made only three first downs.[8] Right halfback Albert Herrnstein ran back a kickoff the length of the field and scored seven touchdowns in the game. Willie Heston and Everett Sweeley did not play in the game, and the Detroit Free Press noted: "The opinion is quite general that if Heston and Sweeley had been in the game the Buffalo record would have been beaten,[9] but, as it was, Michigan was simply fagged out running down the field for touchdowns."[8] The game was played in halves of 20 and 18 minutes. With 119 points in 38 minutes of play, Yost's Point-a-Minute squad averaged 3.1 points per minute against the Aggies. After the game, The Newark Advocate wrote: "Michigan has undoubtedly the fastest scoring team in the world, and the Ann Arbor boys play Yosts' 'hurry up' formations like clock work. It requires a fast team to take the ball, line up and score 119 points, even if they have no opponents in two 20 minute halves."[10]
1908 After losing to the Wolverines in the first three games between the programs, the Aggies played the Wolverines to a scoreless tie on October 10, 1908. The game was played in front of 6,000 spectators at East Lansing's College Field, and the Aggies' fans "went wild with delight" when the game ended.[11][12] In Ann Arbor, the result was met with disbelief among Michigan fans who had expected an easy win.[13] The Detroit Free Press called it "the greatest game of football ever seen in this part of the state."[11] The Michigan Alumnus opined that the Wolverines were outplayed and would have been defeated had it not been for Dave Allerdice repeatedly punting out of danger.[14]
1910s[edit]
1910. On October 15, 1910, Michigan beat Michigan Agricultural 6–3 at Ferry Field. The 1910 Aggies compiled a record of 6–0 and outscored opponents 165 to 2 against teams other than the Wolverines (including a 17–0 victory over Notre Dame.[15][16] Prior to the Michigan game, the M. A. C. student body adopted the slogan, "On to Michigan."[17] After a scoreless first half, the Aggies blocked two punts in the third quarter. On the second occasion, the punt was blocked and rolled to Michigan's 12-yard line where the Aggies recovered the ball. Leon Hill kicked a field goal from the 21-yard line, and the Aggies' maintained a 3–0 lead into the fourth quarter. With less than five minutes left in the game, Shorty McMillan completed a pass to Stanley Borleske who ran 50 yards to the Aggies' 15-yard line. Due to a penalty, the Wolverines had five unsuccessful chances to score the touchdown after advancing to the three-yard line. Michigan then lined up for a field goal, but the play was a fake. Don Green took the snap from center and ran for the touchdown.[18][19] After the game, the referee, Ralph Hoagland, said: "Yost has certainly taught his men some great things about the forward pass."[18][19]
1912. In the seventh meeting, Blake Miller scored the first touchdown against Michigan in the series history. The Wolverines won 55–7 at Ferry Field, scoring eight touchdowns in the game.[20][21]
1913. On October 18, 1913, the Aggies secured their first victory over Michigan, 12–7. Michigan Agricultural's fullback, George E. Julian, scored two touchdowns, and Blake Miller returned a Michigan fumble 45 yards for a touchdown. One account of the game noted: "The one great feature of the game was the accuracy of the Aggies forward passing which netted a total of 76 yards for the Farmers."[22] The New York Times described the game as "a desperate gruelling struggle."[23] Miller suffered a blow to the head during the game and was hospitalized in serious condition.[24] After the game, The Michigan Alumnus made note of the Aggies' potential as an athletic threat: "This victory with the football tie in 1908, and the Farmers' clean sweep in baseball in 1912, point to the fact that M.A.C. will bear watching by Michigan."[25] In the celebration following the game, two Aggies fans were arrested and jailed for "throwing bottles about the streets" in the early hours of Sunday morning.[26]
1915. The Aggies won their second game against Michigan 24–0. Neno DaPrato scored two touchdowns and kicked a field goal for the Aggies.[27] The victory was the second in three years for the Aggies under head coach John Macklin.
1970s[edit]
1970 The #12 ranked Wolverines avenged their 1969 loss to the Spartans, winning 34–20 in Ann Arbor. Michigan would establish their dominance in the series with this win, creating an eight-game winning streak against the Spartans, outscoring them 202–70 including consecutive shutouts in the 1972 and 1973 games.
1978 Michigan was ranked #5 in the country when the unranked Spartans visited Ann Arbor. Michigan had won the previous eight series meetings under Bo Schembechler when Michigan State, led by QB Eddie Smith and wide receiver (and future MLB star) Kirk Gibson led the Spartans to a 24–15 upset. Michigan State would end up sharing the Big Ten title that season with the Wolverines.
1990s[edit]
1990 "No. One vs. No One" was the tag line used by the Michigan faithful leading up to the 1990 meeting in Ann Arbor between the two schools. Michigan came into the game ranked #1 in the country. With six seconds left, Elvis Grbac threw a TD pass to Derrick Alexander to make it 28–27 Michigan State. Michigan coach Gary Moeller elected to go for two and the win. Desmond Howard lined for a pass and was defended by Spartan Eddie Brown. While going out for the pass Desmond became entangled with Brown, appeared to have caught the ball for a moment, before dropping it as he fell to the turf. The play was controversial since Howard got entangled with Brown on the play, but no penalty was called. The Wolverines then attempted an onside kick, which they recovered. Grbac then scrambled and threw a Hail Mary that was tipped and intercepted to end the game.[28] Both schools ended up tied for the Big Ten title, along with Illinois and Iowa; all four schools had identical 6-2 conference records.
1997 In an AP Top-15 match up between both teams which featured ESPN College Gameday in East Lansing, the #5 Michigan Wolverines defeated the #15 Spartans, 23-7. The Wolverine defense had six interceptions, five of which came from Spartan QB Todd Schultz. One of those interceptions included a one-handed interception by eventual 1997 Heisman trophy winner Charles Woodson where he managed to get one foot in bounds on the sideline. Marcus Ray had a pair of interceptions, along with one apiece by DiAllo Johnson and Andre Weathers. Michigan would go 12-0 and win the national championship that season, their first since 1948.
2000s[edit]
2001 The 2001 game, also known as Clockgate, was hosted by Michigan State. U-M entered the game undefeated and ranked #6 in the nation. With under three minutes left, the Spartans received the ball at midfield down 24–20. A Michigan facemask penalty resulted in 15 yards and an automatic first down. Two plays later, the Wolverines received a penalty for 12 men on the field. Michigan State was incorrectly charged with their final timeout on that play; the Spartans should not have been because of the U-M penalty. Instead, the final MSU timeout was exhausted. 17 seconds remained when Michigan State quarterback Jeff Smoker attempted to scramble for a touchdown but was stopped at the one yard line. The Spartans rushed to the line and spiked the ball with 1 second remaining on the clock. On the next play, Smoker threw a touchdown pass to T.J. Duckett to win the game 26–24. Michigan coaches, players, and the ABC broadcasters argued that the clock should have expired on the play and that the timekeeper, "Spartan Bob" Stehlin, purposely stopped the clock before the ball was grounded.[29] Michigan commentator Frank Beckmann speculated that Michigan State had benefited from its home field advantage, even calling the unfolding controversy "criminal" on the air.[30] Beckmann's reaction to the last-second MSU victory included stating the full name of each game official and saying the Big Ten was out of the national title picture "because of the job that was done here by the men in the striped shirts today". Beckmann also referred to the last tick as "staying on the board for an eternity" and speculated that Dave Parry, then Big Ten coordinator of officials, would soon "no doubt give an apology phone call to (U-M coach) Lloyd Carr." Instead, the Big Ten reviewed the video of the game and concluded that the clock operator acted appropriately. Dave Parry, the Big Ten Coordinator of officials, said "we could find nothing that suggested a mistake had been made". Stehlin observed afterwards that seven different media outlets timed the play and all concluded that time remained in the ball game. Michigan would finish the season 8-4, making Beckmann's complaints moot.[31] Beckmann would publicly insist that U-M was cheated for years afterwards, prompting public speculation that Stehlin might file a lawsuit against Beckmann for slander. Instead, he publicly stated he forgave Beckmann.[32] Nevertheless, the Big Ten changed its timekeeping policy for the 2002 season.[33] Previously, the home team appointed an individual of their choosing to keep the official time in the pressbox. Now, time is kept on the field by a neutral official appointed by the Big Ten.[34]
2007 The 2007 game marked Michigan's sixth straight win over Michigan State. The Wolverines once again narrowly won with a comeback in the fourth quarter, winning 28–24.[35] Michigan quarterback Chad Henne led two touchdown drives in the final 7:35 of the game, completing touchdown passes to Greg Mathews and Mario Manningham, to lead the Wolverines back from a 24–14 deficit. Henne finished the game with 18 completions for 211 yards and four touchdowns, while Manningham had eight receptions for 129 yards and two touchdowns.[36] After the game, Michigan running back Mike Hart called Michigan State Michigan's "little brother." "I was just laughing,” Hart said of Michigan State taking the lead. “I thought it was funny. They got excited. Sometimes you get your little brother excited when you’re playing basketball, and you let him get the lead, and then you come back and take it back." Mark Dantonio later responded to Hart's comment stating "I find a lot of the things they do amusing. They need to check themselves sometimes. But just remember, pride comes before the fall... This game is an important game. So they want to mock us all they want to mock us, I'm telling them: it's not over. So they can print that crap all they want all over their locker room. It's not over. It'll never be over here. It's just starting... I'm going to be a coach here for a long time. It's not over. It's just starting.".[37]
2008 The game on October 25, 2008, in Ann Arbor, was the first Michigan–Michigan State game for new Michigan coach Rich Rodriguez. Early in the game, Michigan scored on a pass to running back Brandon Minor, who was only able to get one foot on a pylon. The pass was initially called incomplete, but the play was reviewed and incorrectly ruled a touchdown. During halftime, ABC-TV displayed the NCAA rule on the broadcast screen and concluded that the Replay Official was incorrect in awarding the touchdown to Michigan; ABC indicated officials on the field had been correct in originally ruling the play incomplete. The Commissioner of the Big Ten later acknowledged that the call was wrong.[38] The two teams traded touchdowns for much of the game before the Spartans finally pulled away in the 4th quarter, winning 35–21.[39]
2010s[edit]
2012 On October 20, 2012, the Wolverines defeated the Spartans for the first time since 2007, despite not scoring a touchdown. Michigan won in Ann Arbor 12–10 to earn back the Paul Bunyan Trophy. At 10:20 in the second quarter, Brendan Gibbons kicked a FG to put Michigan up 3–0. With 5:03 left, MSU kicker Dan Conroy missed a 38-yard FG attempt. With 1:07 left in the first half, Matt Wile made a 48-yard FG to make the score 6–0 Michigan at halftime. MSU quickly scored a touchdown in their first possession of the second half to go up 7–6. Michigan kicked a third field goal at 13:37 in the fourth quarter to go up 9–7. It appeared that Michigan had MSU stopped towards the end of the fourth by forcing them into a fourth and 9 on their own 30, however the Spartans ran a fake punt and advanced the ball almost to midfield on their way to scoring three more points to go up 10–9. Michigan got the ball back and drove all the way into MSU territory only to be stopped and punt the ball away with 4 minutes left. The Michigan defense forced a three-and-out and they got the ball back at their own 39 with 2:11 left. Denard Robinson completed a 20-yard pass on fourth down to advance Michigan to the MSU 25 yard line and with 9 seconds left Michigan spiked the ball. Brendan Gibbons lined up to kick the game-winning field goal and was iced by Mark Dantonio. Gibbons lined back up and split the uprights to win it for Michigan, 12–10. After the game, the students rushed the field in celebration. This was the 900th all-time win for the Wolverines, making them the first program to reach this level in college football history.
2015 October 17, 2015: the game was played in Ann Arbor for the first time since 2012. The #12 Wolverines, led by first-year coach Jim Harbaugh, entered the game 5–1. The #7 Spartans came into the game 6–0. This was the first meeting of coaches Mark Dantonio and Harbaugh. Michigan scored first and never trailed all the way until the final play of the game. Late in the 4th quarter, with the Wolverines leading 23-21, Michigan State drove into field goal range, but a sack pushed them outside the 40. They failed to convert on 4th and long, giving Michigan the ball and seemingly the victory. However, with 10 seconds left in the game, Michigan was faced with a 4th and short and decided to punt. Michigan State pressured with all 11 defenders while Michigan sent players downfield to cover the punt. The numeric mismatch on the line allowed easy penetration while the Wolverine center quick snapped a low ball bobbled by the punter. The ball was caught by Spartan Jalen Watts-Jackson, and he ran the ball in 38 yards for a touchdown. Michigan State did not lead at any point in the game until time expired, but they out gained Michigan in the contest 386 to 230 yards.[40][41][42]
2017 October 7, 2017: For the first time in 109 meetings, Michigan and Michigan State would meet for a night game for the 110th meeting. The game was held in Ann Arbor at the Big House at 7:30 PM on ABC, Chris Fowler and Kirk Herbstreit on the call. Michigan came into the game as #7 in the AP Poll at 4-0 on the season. The Michigan State Spartans came into the game unranked at 3-1 on the season, only loss at that point was to Notre Dame in East Lansing. Michigan was 3-0 in Night Games at Michigan Stadium at the time. In the first quarter, Michigan would take the lead on a 30-yard field goal by Quinn Nordin to make the score 3 to 0. Michigan State would then score on a 14-yard touchdown run by Brian Lewerke. The score was 7 to 3, Spartans with the lead. In the Second Quarter, Michigan State would score again on a 16-yard pass to Madre London from Brian Lewerke, to make the score 14-3 Spartans at halftime, leading in Ann Arbor. Towards the middle of the third quarter, it began to rain in Ann Arbor. Strong winds and heavy rain affected the game in the third quarter, making it even more difficult for the offensively challenged teams to move the ball. Tornado warnings were issued throughout lower Michigan but did not affect the game. No Delays. Middle of the third quarter Khalid Hill ran in a 1-yard touchdown for Michigan, cutting the Spartans lead to 4. The score was 14 to 10. Throughout that game Michigan turned over the ball 5 times (2 fumbles, 3 interceptions) to the Spartans zero turnovers. In that game Michigan had one the time of possession and total yardage with 300 yards. With 30 seconds left in the game Michigan had the ball at the Michigan 35 yard line. A dropped pass that would have set Michigan up at the MSU 30 yard line or so left Michigan at the 50 yard line. Seconds later a Pass that was complete set Michigan up at the MSU 37 yard line with 1 second to go. Michigan would then try a Hail Mary that failed giving the Spartans an Upset win at the Big House in Ann Arbor, 14-10. The win marked the 8th win in the last 10 games against Michigan. Michigan failed miserably on offense throughout that game. Michigan would drop to 17th in AP Poll the following week and the Spartans would join the rankings.
Accomplishments by the two rivals[edit]
Team
Michigan[43]
Michigan State[44]
National titles[45] 11 6
Bowl appearances[46][47] 45 26
CFP appearances 0 1
Postseason bowl record 21–24 11–15
Rose Bowl appearances 20 5
Rose Bowl wins 8 4
Big Ten titles 42 9
Big Ten Championship Game appearances 0 3
Big Ten Championship Game wins 0 2
Big Ten Division titles[48] 0 3
Consensus All-Americans[49][50] 81 31
Heisman Trophies[51] 3 0
All-time program record 935–334–36 679–449–44
All-time win percentage .730 .598
Game results[edit]
Michigan victories Michigan State victories Tie games
No.
Date
Location
Winner
Score
1 1898 Ann Arbor Michigan 39–2
2 1902 Ann Arbor Michigan 119–0
3 1907 Ann Arbor Michigan 46–0
4 1908 East Lansing Tie 0–0
5 1910 Ann Arbor Michigan 6–3
6 1911 East Lansing Michigan 15–3
7 1912 Ann Arbor Michigan 55–7
8 1913 Ann Arbor Michigan Agricultural 12–7
9 1914 East Lansing Michigan 3–0
10 1915 Ann Arbor Michigan Agricultural 24–0
11 1916 Ann Arbor Michigan 9–0
12 1917 Ann Arbor Michigan 27–0
13 1918 Ann Arbor Michigan 21–6
14 1919 Ann Arbor Michigan 26–0
15 1920 Ann Arbor Michigan 35–0
16 1921 Ann Arbor Michigan 30–0
17 1922 Ann Arbor Michigan 63–0
18 1923 Ann Arbor Michigan 37–0
19 1924 East Lansing Michigan 7–0
20 1925 Ann Arbor Michigan 39–0
21 1926 Ann Arbor Michigan 55–3
22 1927 Ann Arbor Michigan 21–0
23 1928 Ann Arbor Michigan 3–0
24 1929 Ann Arbor Michigan 17–0
25 1930 Ann Arbor Tie 0–0
26 1931 Ann Arbor Tie 0–0
27 1932 Ann Arbor Michigan 26–0
28 1933 Ann Arbor Michigan 20–6
29 1934 Ann Arbor Michigan State 16–0
30 1935 Ann Arbor Michigan State 25–6
31 1936 Ann Arbor Michigan State 21–7
32 1937 Ann Arbor Michigan State 19–14
33 1938 Ann Arbor Michigan 14–0
34 1939 Ann Arbor Michigan 26–13
35 1940 Ann Arbor Michigan 21–14
36 1941 Ann Arbor Michigan 19–7
37 1942 Ann Arbor Michigan 20–0
38 1945 Ann Arbor Michigan 40–0
39 1946 Ann Arbor No. 11 Michigan 55–7
40 1947 Ann Arbor Michigan 55–0
41 1948 East Lansing Michigan 13–7
42 1949 Ann Arbor Michigan 7–3
43 1950 Ann Arbor No. 19 Michigan State 14–7
44 1951 Ann Arbor No. 2 Michigan State 25–0
45 1952 Ann Arbor No. 1 Michigan State 27–13
46 1953 East Lansing No. 4 Michigan State 14–6
47 1954 Ann Arbor No. 20 Michigan 33–7
48 1955 Ann Arbor No. 2 Michigan 14–7
49 1956 Ann Arbor No. 2 Michigan State 9–0
50 1957 Ann Arbor No. 2 Michigan State 35–6
51 1958 East Lansing Tie 12–12
52 1959 Ann Arbor Michigan State 34–8
53 1960 East Lansing No. 13 Michigan State 24–17
54 1961 Ann Arbor No. 2 Michigan State 28–0
55 1962 East Lansing Michigan State 28–0
56 1963 Ann Arbor Tie 7–7
No.
Date
Location
Winner
Score
57 1964 East Lansing No. 4 Michigan 17–10
58 1965 Ann Arbor No. 4 Michigan State 24–7
59 1966 East Lansing No. 1 Michigan State 20–7
60 1967 Ann Arbor Michigan State 34–0
61 1968 Ann Arbor Michigan 28–14
62 1969 East Lansing Michigan State 23–12
63 1970 Ann Arbor No. 6 Michigan 34–20
64 1971 East Lansing No. 2 Michigan 24–13
65 1972 Ann Arbor No. 5 Michigan 10–0
66 1973 East Lansing No. 5 Michigan 31–0
67 1974 Ann Arbor No. 4 Michigan 21–7
68 1975 East Lansing No. 8 Michigan 16–6
69 1976 Ann Arbor No. 1 Michigan 42–10
70 1977 East Lansing No. 3 Michigan 24–14
71 1978 Ann Arbor Michigan State 24–15
72 1979 East Lansing No. 11 Michigan 21–7
73 1980 Ann Arbor Michigan 27–23
74 1981 East Lansing No. 6 Michigan 38–20
75 1982 Ann Arbor Michigan 31–17
76 1983 East Lansing No. 14 Michigan 42–0
77 1984 Ann Arbor Michigan State 19–7
78 1985 East Lansing No. 3 Michigan 31–0
79 1986 Ann Arbor No. 4 Michigan 27–6
80 1987 East Lansing Michigan State 17–11
81 1988 Ann Arbor No. 17 Michigan 17–3
82 1989 East Lansing No. 5 Michigan 10–7
83 1990 Ann Arbor Michigan State 28–27
84 1991 East Lansing No. 5 Michigan 45–28
85 1992 Ann Arbor No. 3 Michigan 35–10
86 1993 East Lansing Michigan State 17–7
87 1994 Ann Arbor No. 9 Michigan 40–20
88 1995 East Lansing Michigan State 28–25
89 1996 Ann Arbor No. 9 Michigan 45–29
90 1997 East Lansing No. 5 Michigan 23–7
91 1998 Ann Arbor Michigan 29–17
92 1999 East Lansing No. 11 Michigan State 34–31
93 2000 Ann Arbor No. 16 Michigan 14–0
94 2001 East Lansing Michigan State 26–24
95 2002 Ann Arbor No. 15 Michigan 49–3
96 2003 East Lansing No. 13 Michigan 27–20
97 2004 Ann Arbor No. 14 Michigan 45–373OT
98 2005 East Lansing Michigan 34–31OT
99 2006 Ann Arbor No. 6 Michigan 31–13
100 2007 East Lansing No. 14 Michigan 28–24
101 2008 Ann Arbor Michigan State 35–21
102 2009 East Lansing Michigan State 26–20OT
103 2010 Ann Arbor No. 17 Michigan State 34–17
104 2011 East Lansing No. 23 Michigan State 28–14
105 2012 Ann Arbor No. 23 Michigan 12–10
106 2013 East Lansing No. 22 Michigan State 29–6
107 2014 East Lansing No. 8 Michigan State 35–11
108 2015 Ann Arbor No. 7 Michigan State 27–23
109 2016 East Lansing No. 2 Michigan 32–23
110 2017 Ann Arbor Michigan State 14–10
Series: Michigan leads 69–36–5
See also[edit]
Michigan–Michigan State men's basketball rivalry
Michigan–Michigan State men's ice hockey rivalry
Michigan–Michigan State men's soccer rivalry
Most-played rivalries in NCAA Division I FBS
References[edit]
Jump up ^ https://msu.edu/about/thisismsu/thenandnow.html
Jump up ^ "Michigan State vs Michigan". Retrieved 2011-11-22.
Jump up ^ Doug Hills (2012). "Through the Years: The Paul Bunyan Trophy". Maize and Blue News. Retrieved July 31, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Trophy has a history as big as its namesake, Retrieved 6-15-2014.
Jump up ^ "Football". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1898. p. 60. ("The feature of the game was a place kick for goal made by Keena from the 23-yard line.")
Jump up ^ "Good Scores Rolled Up: Michigan Practiced on the M. A. C. for a Fair Total". Detroit Free Press. October 13, 1898. p. 6.
Jump up ^ Steve Grinczel. "Michigan State Football, pp. 7-8".
^ Jump up to: a b c "Michigan made 119 points: Almost equaled phenomenal score against Buffalo simply rushed ball over the Aggie's line at Will made touchdown oftener than once in two minutes". Detroit Free Press. October 9, 1902.
Jump up ^ Yost's Wolverines had set a scoring record in 1901, outscoring Buffalo, 128–0.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday's Football Results". The Newark Advocate. October 9, 1902.
^ Jump up to: a b "M.A.C. Holds Michigan to 0-0 Score and Goes Wild". Detroit Free Press. October 11, 1908. p. 22.
Jump up ^ "Surprise for Yost and Team: Michigan Agricultural Eleven Holds Varsity Players to Score of 0 to 0". Chicago Daily Tribune. October 11, 1908. p. B2.
Jump up ^ "Result of M.A.C. Game a Blow to Ann Arbor: Michigan Students Are Stunned by Poor Showing of Team Against Farmers". Detroit Free Press. October 12, 1908. p. 6.
Jump up ^ "Michigan 4; Michigan Agricultural 0". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1908. pp. 58–59.
Jump up ^ "Michigan State Yearly Results". College Football Data Warehouse.
Jump up ^ "Farmers' Best Football Year: Season Just Closed Most Successful in History of Athletics at East Lansing; Fitting Close to Coach Brewer's Term of Service; University of Michigan Only Team Able to Cross the Aggies' Final Chalk Mark". Detroit Free Press. December 3, 1910. p. 10.
Jump up ^ ""On to Michigan" Is M.A.C. Slogan: About Five Hundred Rooters Will Accompany Team to Ann Arbor Saturday; Annual Battle Is Talk of Campus at Lansing; With Practically Green Squad Brewer's Team Must Face Yost's Seasoned Veterans". Detroit Free Press. October 9, 1910. p. B7.
^ Jump up to: a b "Michigan Wins, 6–3: Aggies Give Yost's Men Hardest Kind of Battle, Leading at End of Third Period, by Virtue of Hill's Field Goal; Varsity's Touchdown Comes in Last Quarter; Forward Pass to Borleske and Long Run Bring Ball to One Yard Line, Where M. A. C. Makes Gamest Kind of Fight". Detroit Free Press. October 16, 1910. p. 15.
^ Jump up to: a b "Michigan 6; M.A.C. 3". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1910. pp. 93–94.
Jump up ^ "Yost's Men Run Up High Score Against Aggies: Michigan Wins Annual Contest 55 to 7 – Intercepted Forward Pass and 85-Yard Run by B. Miller Gives M. A. C. Only Chance to Count; First Period All Farmers; Are Even at End of Second; Wolverines Fail to Get Started Until Game Is Half Over – Both Teams Use Open Style Play -- Torbet Shows Well". Detroit Free Press. October 13, 1912. p. 17.
Jump up ^ "Michigan, 55; M.A.C., 7". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1912. p. 83.
Jump up ^ "M.A.C., 12; Michigan 7". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1913. p. 98.
Jump up ^ "Michigan Suffers Defeat: State Agricultural Team Outplays University Men, 12 to 7". The New York Times. October 19, 1913.
Jump up ^ "Michigan A. C. Player Injured". The New York Times. October 19, 1913.
Jump up ^ "Michigan's Team -- A General View". The Michigan Alumnus. November 1913. pp. 96–97.
Jump up ^ "Bottle Hurlers Jailed: Aggies' Victory Celebration Disastrous to Two Young Men". Detroit Free Press. October 20, 1913.
Jump up ^ "Aggies, 24; Michigan, 0". Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette. October 24, 1915. p. 33.
Jump up ^ "Michigan's Moeller Gets Apology for Missed Call". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Tim Martin (30 October 2007). "Spartans, Wolverines Mark 100th Football Game". Michigan State Official Athletic Site. Michigan State University. Retrieved 17 May 2011. In the 'Clock Game' of 2001, Michigan fans swear time stood still in Spartan Stadium long enough for Michigan State and [T. J.] Duckett to pull off a last-second 26-24 victory. Duckett says that to this day, [his lifelong best friend and fellow Kalamazoo native John] Bradford claims Michigan State didn't really win the game...Frank Beckmann, a longtime radio announcer for Michigan football games, called the clock incident "criminal" on the air.
Jump up ^ "Frank Beckmann's memorable moments as a broadcaster". Detroit Free Press.
Jump up ^ "Football Reference".
Jump up ^ "MSU football: 10 years later, 'Spartan Bob' at peace". Lansing State Journal. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
Jump up ^ "MSU football: 10 years later, 'Spartan Bob' at peace". Lansing State Journal. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
Jump up ^ "Definitive proof that time expired before MSU's miracle, and why it doesn't matter". Deadspin.
Jump up ^ "MGOBLUE.COM U-M Uses Fourth-Quarter Comeback to Defeat Spartans - University of Michigan Official Athletic Site". Mgoblue.com. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
Jump up ^ "MGOBLUE.COM Boxscore: #15 Michigan 28, Michigan State 24 - University of Michigan Official Athletic Site". Mgoblue.com. Retrieved 26 October 2014.
Jump up ^ "Mark Dantonio MSU - "Pride Comes Before The Fall"". Retrieved May 27, 2010.
Jump up ^ Report: Delany says officials mistakenly awarded TD to Michigan October 27, 2008
Jump up ^ "10/25/2008 - Michigan State 35 Michigan 21 - Highlights". YouTube. Retrieved 2012-08-02.
Jump up ^ "Mark Dantonio gave Michigan State's miracle play a name". Fox Sports (United States). 21st Century Fox. October 20, 2015. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Russo, Ralph D (October 18, 2015). "Playoff Pulse: Michigan State miracle; Alabama rising". Business Insider. Axel Springer SE. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Charboneau, Matt (October 20, 2015). "Dantonio dubs final play 'Rangers: Mission 4:10'". Detroit News. Retrieved 20 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Michigan Wolverines Index". Sports-References.com. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Michigan State Spartans Index". Sports-Reference.com. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "NCAA Football Championship History". NCAA.com. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Michigan Bowl History". CollegeFootballPoll.com. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Michigan State Bowl History". CollegeFootballPoll.com. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Divisional Rankings". ESPN.go.com. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Michigan Wolverines All-America Selections". Sports-Reference.com. Retrieved 26 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Michigan State All-America Selections". Sports-Reference.com. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Past Heisman Trophy Winners". NationalChamps.net. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
External links[edit]
Media related to Michigan–Michigan State football rivalry at Wikimedia Commons
Michigan–Michigan State Series History
MGoBlue's Paul Bunyan Trophy page
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values: Spartan Stadium (East Lansing, Michigan)

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values: List of Michigan State Spartans football seasons

values: 1896 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1897 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1898 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1899 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1900 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1901 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1902 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1903 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1904 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1905 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1906 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1907 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1908 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1909 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1910 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1911 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1912 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1913 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

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values: 1917 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

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values: 1919 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1920 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1921 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1922 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1923 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1924 Michigan Agricultural Aggies football team

values: 1925 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1926 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1927 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1928 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1929 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1930 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1931 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1932 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1933 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1934 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1935 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1936 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1937 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1938 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1939 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1940 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1941 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1942 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1944 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1945 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1946 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1947 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1948 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1949 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1950 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1951 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1952 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1953 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1954 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1955 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1956 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1957 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1958 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1959 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1960 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1961 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1962 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1963 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1964 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1965 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1966 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1967 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1968 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1969 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1970 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1971 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1972 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1973 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1974 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1975 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1976 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1977 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1978 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1979 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1980 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1981 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1982 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1983 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1984 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1985 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1986 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1987 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1988 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1989 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1990 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1991 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1992 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1993 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1994 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1995 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1996 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1997 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1998 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 1999 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2000 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2001 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2002 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2003 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2004 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2005 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2006 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2007 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2008 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2009 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2010 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2011 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2012 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2013 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2014 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2015 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2016 Michigan State Spartans football team

values: 2017 Michigan State Spartans football team

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