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Katy Independent School District
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Katy Independent School District
Location
6301 S. Stadium Lane
Katy, TX 77494-1057
United States
District information
Type
Public
Grades
Pre-K - 12
Established
1898
Superintendent
Lance Hindt
Schools
63
Budget
$784.9 million
Students and staff
Students
70,330 [1]
Teachers
4,572
Other information
Website
www.katyisd.org
Leonard E. Merrell Center
Katy School 1899-1909 Elementary School 1909-1927
Katy High School building 1909-1947
Elementary School addition 1927-1951
The Katy Independent School District (KISD) is a public school district based in Katy, Texas, United States with an enrollment of over 70,000 students. As of August 2009, the district was rated as "Recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.[2]
The district serves 181 square miles (469 km2) in parts of Harris County, Fort Bend County and Waller County. Most of the district lies within the boundaries of the City of Houston, the City of Katy or their municipalities' extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ). Unincorporated areas in Katy ISD include Barker, Cinco Ranch, and Cimarron.[3]
All residential areas of the district are assigned to an elementary school, a junior high school, and a high school by subdivision.
Contents
1 History
2 Facilities
2.1 High Schools
2.2 Junior High schools
2.3 Elementary schools
2.4 Support Facilities
2.5 Other Campuses
3 Enrollment
4 Demographics
5 Departments
6 See also
7 References
8 See also
9 External links
History[edit]
This article is in a list format that may be better presented using prose. You can help by converting this article to prose, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (September 2009)
1898: The Katy Common School District (CSD) was formed on land set-aside for a school at the site of the current Katy Elementary to serve the town and surrounding communities. A high school and elementary school were established in a home at Avenue A and Sixth Street in Katy.
1898-1899: The city constructed the first wooden one-room school house at the site of the current Katy Elementary School's playground; the school served all grade levels.
1900: The Galveston hurricane damaged the building, but repairs were made, and classes continued at the home of W.H. Featherston. The first class graduated from Katy High School (10th grade).
1909: A permanent brick building was constructed adjacent and south of the wooden building, for the secondary grade levels. Complete with school bell (the bell now hangs above the current Katy Elementary entrance).
1918: The Katy Independent School District was established by voters, by divorcement election from the City of Katy, and incorporated the common school districts in Dishman, Schlipf, Sills, and a school for African-Americans.
1927: Improvements to the 1909 building were competed, including indoor plumbing and heat. The wooden school was dismantled and sold, and a classroom addition was constructed for the elementary grades at the new site, including a combination auditorium and cafeteria.
1931: The size of Katy ISD was increased to 126 square miles (326 km²), when KISD annexed two small common school districts at the South Mayde and Stockdick communities. Two school buses were purchased, one to bring students in from Waller County and the other from Harris County. A female community member driving her own vehicle picked up six students daily from the Fort Bend County area of the school district.
1934: High school age students from Brookshire began attending Katy High School. A gymnasium was erected (at the site of the current Katy Elementary School cafeteria), so that basketball and volleyball could be played at night under lights, instead of on open courts on Friday afternoons.
1935: A larger wooden school house was completed on Danover Street for African-American students.
1939: The first 6-man football team was established at Katy High School.
1941: 17 seniors graduated.
1943: The first Katy Rodeo was held at Avenue D and 10th Street, northwest of the Katy school buildings.
1945: 11-man football began.
1947: Construction was completed of the new site on Highway 90 in Katy (the building also housed Katy ISD's seventh and eighth graders). High school students from the Addicks Independent School District joined Brookshire High Hchool students attending Katy High.
1951: A new elementary school opened next to Katy High School (which currently serves as the school's West Campus). The 1909 building and the 1927 elementary addition were razed, with only the 1934 "Old Gym" left standing and used as a community center, storage, junior high basketball practice and for the school district offices. The original school bell and the 1927 building plaque were stored at the Old Gym.
1952: A band hall and vocational building were constructed, south of the Katy High School building.
1953: Odessa Kilpatrick School was completed on Danover Street, to serve African-American students in the district. This facility replaced the 1935 wooden school house on the same site. The district began transporting African-American students above the eighth grade to Ralph Bunche School in Brookshire. This arrangement would continue until desegregation was completed.
1955: Katy High School held graduation for 40 seniors.
1959: The movie "Tomboy and the Champ" was filmed in Katy and at the Old Gym.
1960: Students from Brookshire began attending high school in the newly formed Royal Independent School District. A total of 53 graduated from Katy High School.
1961: Voters in Katy ISD and in the Addicks community agreed to consolidation of the defunct Addicks ISD with Katy ISD, and the present boundaries of the district were increased by 55 square miles (142 km²).
1962: During the Cuban Missile Crisis the 1934 Old Gym was used as headquarters for the local civil defense organization.
1964: A new agriculture and rodeo arena was constructed behind Katy High School.
1965: A new Katy Elementary was completed at the site of the district's first permanent school, along with a full-service cafeteria. The building next to Katy High School was renamed Katy Junior High and served sixth through eighth grades. The administration office was located at Katy High School. The staff included the superintendent, business director, and three clerical workers. A bus barn was completed on Franz Road (the current West Transportation Center).
1968: A new Addicks Elementary School replaced the former Addicks ISD building (its name changed to Wolfe Elementary in the 1980s).
1970: Katy ISD completed desegregation of its schools. Odessa Kilpatrick School was used to house Katy Elementary's fifth grade and the district's six graders.
1972: A new administration building was completed on South Stadium Drive.
1974: West Memorial Elementary School was finished in the new West Memorial subdivision.
1976: District's sixth graders moved back to junior high schools when West Memorial Junior High opened.
1977: The capacity of KHS was expanded from 800 to 1600. The Katy ISD school board approved a drill team for the 1977-1978 school year that would be called the "Red Brigade" (students and advisors, prior to the start of the school year, would change the name to "Bengal Brigade").
May, 1977: 195 seniors from Katy High School walked across the stage at Tiger Field.
1978: Zelma Hutsell Elementary, Memorial Parkway Elementary and Bear Creek Elementary Schools opened, fifth graders moved from Kilpatrick School to elementary schools. An alternative education program was set up at Kilpatrick school.
May, 1979: 296 seniors graduated from Katy High School.
1979: James E. Taylor High School opened to 9th and 10th graders.
1980: The bond election passed. Mayde Creek Junior High and Cimarron Elementary schools opened.
1981: Nottingham Country Elementary and Winborn Elementary Schools opened. A new band hall and improvements at Katy Junior High were completed. The last varsity football game was played at Tiger Field.
1982: Katy ISD Stadium opened for varsity football games (its name later changed to Jack Rhodes Memorial Stadium). An alternative education program moved to a new classroom facility next to the stadium (Kilpatrick School used this as a storage facility). Memorial Parkway Junior High and Sundown Elementary School opened.
1983: Mayde Creek Elementary School opened.
1984: Mayde Creek High School opened and a new bus barn was completed north of the school (the current East Transportation Center). The Katy High School tiger-head logo was designed, and replaced the simple letters "K T".
1985: The Katy High School weight room and field house were expanded.
1988: The Old Gym was torn down at Katy Elementary, in anticipation of construction of a new combination gym and cafeteria, as part of the renovated and expanded Katy Elementary.
1988: James E. Taylor High School seniors were the last to graduate from Rhodes Stadium (future KISD graduations ceremonies would be held at the Astro Arena in Houston).
1989: Work was completed at Katy Elementary, adding a new office area and library. Historical items from the original buildings were incorporated with the reconstruction, such as the 1909 school bell placed over the entrance of the school, and the 1927 building plaque displayed in the front entryway.
1989: Golbow Elementary and Pattison Elementary Schools opened.
1991: T.W. McDonald Junior High opened.
1993: Fielder Elementary opened.
1994: The bond election passed.
1995: New Katy Jr. High opened, its former building converted to Katy High School West Campus (whichaccommodated the largest entering freshman class in KHS history). Hayes Elementary School opened. Leonard Merrell was appointed superintendent of schools. A new addition of classrooms was completed on Avenue C at Katy Elementary.
1996: The bond election passed. Beck Junior High opened.
1997: McRoberts Elementary School opened.
May, 1998: 551 seniors graduated from KHS at the Astro Hall in Houston.
1998: Alexander Elementary School opened. A new library and hallway addition was completed between the main and west campus at Katy High School.
May, 1999: The largest graduating class from Katy High School, with 660 seniors, walked across the podium at the Astro Hall.
1999: The bond election passed. Cinco Ranch High School opened (8th graders from Beck Jr. High, temporarily housed at CRHS for one school year due to overcrowding).
2000: McMeans Junior High, Creech Elementary, and Williams Elementary opened.
2001: Cinco Ranch Junior High, King Elementary and Schmalz Elementary opened.
2002: The bond election passed. Students from West Memorial Elementary temporarily used Cinco Ranch High School due to mold issues at the campus. Performing Arts Center and renovations were completed at Katy High School, James E. Taylor High School, Mayde Creek High School, and Cinco Ranch High School. A third addition at KHS increased its capacity to over 3,000.
2003: Morton Ranch Junior High and a new Odessa Kilpatrick Elementary opened.
2004: Morton Ranch High School, Beckendorff Junior High, Exley Elementary, Franz Elementary, Rhoads Elementary, and Rylander Elementary Schools opened. A new Katy Rodeo arena replaced old facilities south of the administration building and new agriculture barns were finished north of Katy. Both sites were named for former teachers at Katy, L.D. Robinson, and Gerald Young. A Katy ISD Law Enforcement and District Maintenance building opened adjacent to Morton Ranch High School.
2005: Seven Lakes High School opened. The Hutsell Elementary expansion was completed. Merrell Center opened and held high school graduations ceremonies (the first held inside the district since 1988).
2006: On February 13, several parents filed a lawsuit against KISD regarding religion. They accused KISD of religious discrimination in several incidents.[4] KISD has released an official statement.
2006: In May, a bond election failed.
2006: In August, Griffin Elementary School opened.
2006: In November, a bond election passed, providing for construction of three elementary schools and two junior high schools, along with improvements at twenty-four of the district's facilities. Funds were also provided for updated technical equipment, buses, temporary buildings, and future school sites.
2007: Alton Frailey became the superintendent of Katy ISD, upon the retirement of Leonard Merrell. Stephens Elementary and Woodcreek Elementary opened. 1,007 seniors graduate from CRHS. (the largest graduating class in KISD history, as of June 2012)
During the 2004-2005 school year Katy ISD began a new and revolutionary program in the history of the district, with the use of random drug testing for all individuals involved in UIL competitive organizations, student leaders of any official school clubs, and anyone wishing to park on campus.[5] This caused much controversy prior to its instatement. Many parents complained to the school district, citing the new policy as the violation of individual rights. The district responded to this by having every student who wished to participate in the said activities sign a waiver granting the school district to test them randomly. This matter had already been settled by the Supreme Court of the United States as constitutional before KISD chose to implement it.[6]
During the 2007-2008 school year a student who was being questioned by officers about passing counterfeit bills to a local merchant led police to a gun and one ounce of marijuana hidden above ceiling tiles in one of the school's locker rooms. He also led authorities to a home in the area where they found manufacturing equipment to make the counterfeit money. Three other students were investigated for possession of counterfeit money.[7]
2007: On July 5, 2007, the Houston Press posted an article about 12-year-old Shelby Sendelbach, a Mayde Creek Junior High School student who wrote "I Love Alex" on a school gymnasium bench with a marker pen and received three months of disciplinary school assignment as a punishment. The article criticized the district's response and stated that teachers in Japan see the case as the wrong method of punishment. [2] [3] Other news sources from inside and outside the US followed with media coverage, [4] [5][6][7] [8] [9] [10] [11] making the Sendelbach case into a cause célèbre opposing excessive school discipline. ABC News, Good Morning America, [12] and NHK [13] interviewed Sendelbach. On July 18, the Katy ISD school board reversed the punishment of Sendelbach. [14]
2008: Cardiff Junior High, WoodCreek Junior High, Morton Ranch Elementary, Bonnie Holland Elementary, Raines High School (charter school), and Morton Ranch High School 9th Grade Center opened. Additions at Sundown Elementary, Mayde Creek Elementary, and Miller Career & Technology Center were completed.
2009: Stan Stanley Elementary opened.
2010: A $459 million bond referendum passes. James E. Williams Elementary earned the title of BP Science Education Grant Recipient.
2012: Wilson Elementary, Shafer Elementary, Wolman Elementary, a rebuilt Wolfe Elementary, and Seven Lakes Junior High opened. West Memorial Junior High finished remodeling.
2013: Obra D. Tompkins High School opened. Old Katy Elementary (later Katy Junior High and West KHS campus) demolished.
2014: Randolph Elementary and Davidson Elementary opened. $748 million bond referendum (largest in district history) passes.
2015: West Memorial Junior High 7th grader Jordan Wooley brings to the Katy ISD school board about an assignment her teacher supposedly assigned her class. The assignment supposedly involved evaluating the existence of the Christian God as fact, opinion, or general acceptance, but required her to disprove its existence.
2016: Bethke Elementary, Jenks Elementary, and Tays Junior High opened.
2017: Bryant Elementary, Stockdick Junior High, Patricia E. Paetow High School, Legacy Stadium, and Agriculture Science facility open
2018: Amy Campbell Elementary School will open in Cross Creek Ranch. On May 10, in response to allegations of bullying and plagiarism, Superintendent Lance Hindt announced his resignation effective January 1, 2019.[15]
Facilities[edit]
High Schools[edit]
Cinco Ranch High School
Katy High School (Katy) (Est. 1898, present location 1947)
1997-1998 National Blue Ribbon School [8]
James E. Taylor High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 1979)
1994-1996 National Blue Ribbon School [8]
Mayde Creek High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 1984)
1994-1996 National Blue Ribbon School [8]
Cinco Ranch High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 1999)
2008 National Blue Ribbon School[9]
Morton Ranch High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 2004)
Seven Lakes High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2005)
Obra D. Tompkins High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2013)
Patricia E. Paetow High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 2017)
Note: In addition, Katy ISD[16] lists under high schools:
Miller Career & Technology Center - Offers students from other campuses specialized career and technology programs as well as core classes.
Raines High School - A project-based learning campus that allows students to earn credits at an accelerated pace.
Junior High schools[edit]
Rodger and Ellen Beck Junior High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 1996)
2001-02 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
Beckendorff Junior High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2004)
Cardiff Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 2008)[11]
Cinco Ranch Junior High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2001)
Katy Junior High School (Katy) (Est. 1965 next to Katy High School, present location 1995)
Mayde Creek Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 1980)
1999-2000 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
T. H. McDonald Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 1991)
Garland McMeans Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 2000)
Memorial Parkway Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 1982)
1999-2000 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
Morton Ranch Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 2003)
Seven Lakes Junior High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2012)
Stockdick Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 2017)
James and Sharon Tays Junior High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2016)
West Memorial Junior High School (Unincorporated Harris County) (Est. 1976)
Woodcreek Junior High School (Unincorporated Fort Bend County) (Est. 2008)
Elementary schools[edit]
Roosevelt Alexander Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 1998)
Bear Creek Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1978)
1987-88 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
Catherine Bethke Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2016)
Robert and Felice Bryant Elementary School (Uninc. Waller County) (Est. 2017)
Cimarron Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1980)
Sue Creech Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2000)
Keiko Davidson Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2014)
Jo Ella Exley Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2004)
Edna Mae Fielder Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 1993)
1998-99 National Blue Ribbon School [8]
Franz Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2004)
Loraine T. Golbow Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1989)
Michael Griffin Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2006)
Jeanette Hayes Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1995)
Bonnie Holland Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2008)[11]
Zelma Hutsell Elementary School (Katy) (Est. 1978)
2000-01 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
MayDell Jenks Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2016)
Katy Elementary School (Katy) (Est. 1898, moved next to Katy High School 1951, present location 1965)
2006 National Blue Ribbon School [12]
Kilpatrick Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 1952 on Danover Street, closed 1978, present location 2003)
Robert E. King Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2001)
Mayde Creek Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1983)
National Blue Ribbon School in 1989-90 and 2000-01 [10]
Polly Ann McRoberts Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1997)
Memorial Parkway Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1978)
1998-99 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
Morton Ranch Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2008)[11]
Nottingham Country Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1981)
Hazel S. Pattison Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1989)
1993-94 National Blue Ribbon School [10]
James E. Randolph Elementary School (Fulshear) (Est. 2014)
Rhoads Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2004)
Rylander Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2004)
Betty and Jean Schmalz Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2001)
Fred and Patti Shafer Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2012)
Stan Stanley Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2009)
Stephens Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 2007)
Sundown Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1982)
West Memorial Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1974)
James E. Williams Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2000)
Tom Wilson Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2012)
Diane Winborn Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1981)
Maurice L. Wolfe Elementary School (Uninc. Harris County) (Est. 1961 as Addicks Elementary, current building 1968)
1998-99 National Blue Ribbon School [8]
Ray and Jamie Wolman Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2012)
WoodCreek Elementary School (Uninc. Fort Bend County) (Est. 2007)
Support Facilities[edit]
Administration Building
Leonard E. Merrell Center
Rhodes Stadium
Transportation Center (East) (adjacent to Mayde Creek High School)
Transportation Center (West) (adjacent to Katy Junior High School)
Transportation Center (South) (adjacent to Rylander Elementary School)
Gerald Young Agricultural Science Center
L. D. Robinson Pavilion & Rodeo Arena
Katy ISD Law Enforcement Center (adjacent to Morton Ranch High School)
Katy ISD Storage Annex (Danover Street, former Kilpatrick Elementary)
Legacy Stadium [13]
Other Campuses[edit]
Katy ISD Virtual School
Opportunity Awareness Center
Robert R. Shaw Center for STEAM
Simon Youth Academy
Katy ISD has done an extensive study and maintains and updates a District Growth and Facilities Planning Study.[17]
A future High School #8 site is located on 140 acres (0.57 km2) at the southwest corner of Peek Road and Stockdick School Road to relieve Morton Ranch High School and the growth along the Grand Parkway and far north part of the district. Future High School #9 is planned on 123.09 acres (0.4981 km2), purchased in 2006, within Cross Creek Ranch (a 3,000 acre (12 km²) master-planned community in Fulshear), in the southwest quadrant of the district. [18] [19] [20] [21]
Four additional junior high schools (for a total of 17) and 7 more elementary schools (for a total of 44) are planned until the district is built-out, however, the new school sites are only speculated until land and funding is authorized from bond elections.
Enrollment[edit]
1934- 263 students
1954- 615
1961- 727
1971- 1,671
1976- 4,244
1980- 9,762
1981- 10,865
1985- 15,455
1995- 25,336
1996- 26,766
1997- 28,230
1998- 30,126
1999- 32,338
2000- 33,474
2001- 37,195
2002- 39,867
2003- 41,687
2004- 44,483
2005- 47,788
2006- 50,585
2007- 53,634 [22]
2008- 56,862
2009- 59,078
2010- 60,977
2011- 62,030
2012- 65,034
2013- 67,213
2014- 70,063
Demographics[edit]
The district population increased from 37,554 in 2001 to over 62,000 in 2011. From 2001 to 2011, the growth of Black and Hispanic students was 10 times that of the growth of White students.[14]
Departments[edit]
The Katy ISD Police Department was created in 1989 because the district had jurisdictional issues and low response times from other police agencies.[15]
See also[edit]
Houston portal
Schools portal
List of school districts in Texas
List of schools in Harris County, Texas
Bill Callegari, KISD trustee from 1984 to 1988; member of the Texas House of Representatives from Katy, 2001-2015
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "About Katy ISD". www.katyisd.org.
Jump up ^ Writer, Luciano BattistiniTimes Staff. "KISD earns recognized rating from TEA". katytimes.com.
Jump up ^ Johnson, Trish. "Location helps make Cimarron popular." Houston Chronicle. April 7, 2009. Retrieved on March 25, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Valentine's Favors At Heart Of Katy ISD Lawsuit/Judge Grants Temporary Restraining Order, Allows Religious Valentine's". 2006-02-13. Archived from the original on November 27, 2007. Retrieved 2007-11-27. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "Random Drug-Testing Program Question and Answers" (PDF). Katy Independent School District. 2006-06-03. Retrieved 2007-10-16.
Jump up ^ Bretting, Sandra (2004-05-27). "Random Drug-Testing Program Question and Answers". Katy Independent School District. Retrieved 2007-10-16.
Jump up ^ "Gun, drugs found stashed at Katy school". Chron.com. 2007-10-21. Retrieved 2007-11-01.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Blue Ribbon Schools Program, Schools Recognized 1982-1983 Through 1999-2002 (PDF) Archived 2009-03-26 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ [1]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-26. Retrieved 2017-03-25.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Trustees name 3 new Katy schools." Houston Chronicle. April 5, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Microsoft Word - list-2003.doc" (PDF). ed.gov.
Jump up ^ "Katy ISD approves name of second stadium - Community Impact Newspaper". communityimpact.com. 28 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Radcliffe, Jennifer. "Changing demographics turn 2 Katy schools into 'urban' stars." Houston Chronicle. Saturday April 21, 2012. Retrieved on April 25, 2012.
Jump up ^ Gordon, Cathy. "Katy ISD solves jurisdiction problem with creation of its own police force." Houston Chronicle. February 26, 1989. Section C p. 1W. Available at NewsBank, Record: 02*26*606156, accessible from the website of the Houston Public Library with a library card.
See also[edit]
List of school districts in Texas
External links[edit]
Katy ISD website (Includes links to campus web sites)
show
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Katy Independent School District
High schools
Cinco Ranch H. S.
Katy H. S.
Mayde Creek H. S.
Morton Ranch H. S.
Paetow
Seven Lakes
Taylor
Tompkins
Alternative high schools
Arthur Miller Career Center
Opportunity Awareness Center
Martha Raines H. S.
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Education
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Many places on this list are not in the corporate limits of the City of Katy, but instead are unincorporated areas with "Katy, Texas" postal addresses.
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Colour guard
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the military colour guard. For information about the flag, rifle, and sabre auxiliary units associated with high school and university marching bands and drum and bugle corps, see Colour guard (flag spinning).
Colour Guard of the 1st Naval Fusiliers of the French Navy at the 2008 Bastille Day Military Parade, Paris.
In military organizations, the Colour Guard (or Color Guard) refers to a detachment of soldiers assigned to the protection of regimental colours. This duty is so prestigious that the colour is generally carried by a young officer (Ensign), while experienced non-commissioned officers (Colour sergeants) are assigned to the protection of the flag. These NCOs, accompanied sometimes by warrant officers (as is the case in several countries), can be ceremonially armed with either sabres or rifles to protect the colour. Colour guards are generally dismounted, but there are also mounted colour guard formations as well.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Current use
2.1 Britain and the Commonwealth
2.1.1 British Army (line and guards infantry, and other units save for rifle units)
2.1.2 British Army (Cavalry)
2.1.3 Royal Navy
2.1.3.1 Royal Marines
2.1.4 Royal Air Force
2.1.5 Honours for and to the colour guard
2.2 France
2.3 Indonesia
2.4 Russia
2.5 United States
2.5.1 Composition of the US color guard
2.5.2 Manoeuvering
2.5.3 Rendering honors
2.5.3.1 By the color guard
2.5.3.2 To the color guard
2.6 Other countries
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Main article: Military colours, standards and guidons
Fight for the flag between French line infantry and Russian Guard cuirassiers at the battle of Austerlitz (1805).
As armies became trained and adopted set formations, each regiment's ability to keep its formation was potentially critical to its, and therefore its army's, success. In the chaos of battle, not least due to the amount of dust and smoke on a battlefield, soldiers needed to be able to determine where their regiment was. Flags and banners have been used by many armies in battle to serve this purpose.
Regimental flags were generally awarded to a regiment by a head-of-State during a ceremony and colours may be inscribed with battle honours or other symbols representing former achievements. They were therefore treated with reverence as they represented the honour and traditions of the regiment. The loss of a unit's flag was not only shameful, but losing this central point of reference could make the unit break up. So regiments tended to adopt colour guards, a detachment of experienced or élite soldiers, to protect their colours. As a result, the capture of an enemy's standard was considered as a great feat of arms.
Due to the advent of modern weapons, and subsequent changes in tactics, colours are no longer used in battle, but continue to be carried by Colour Guards at events of formal character.
Current use[edit]
Britain and the Commonwealth[edit]
Colour guards in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth are also composed of the same members as in the American units, but tend to have a colour sergeant major behind the colours carrying a pace stick. So, the formation (when the colours are combined on parade) is as follows:
Colour Sergeants carrying rifles
Ensigns
Sergeant of the Guard
Colour Sergeant Major behind the colour
As the British Army, the Royal Air Force, the Royal Marines and the Royal Navy have several types of colours, there are also colour guards for these colours and these colours and their colour guards are as follows:
British Army (line and guards infantry, and other units save for rifle units)[edit]
Colour Sergeant of the Welsh Guards. Note the distinctive shoulder insignia on the upper arm.
Queen's Colour - Union Flag (Crimson with insignia and the honors for the Guards Division)
Colour Sergeants and Ensign
State Colour - Crimson with insignia and the honours and the Royal Cypher at the corners, used only for the Guards Division in ceremonies in the presence of the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh
Colour Sergeants and Ensign
Regimental Colour - Union Flag on the canton with the Regimental Arms and honours
Foot Guards regiments (Union Flag)
Royal Regiments (navy blue)
Royal Irish Regiment (green)
other regimental colours
same as in the Queen's Colour
Combined Colour Guards (units)
Colour Sergeants, Ensign, Guard Sergeant of the Colours, Colour Sergeant Major
British Army (Cavalry)[edit]
In the cavalry, the Queen's Standard or Guidon and the Regimental/Squadron Standard or Guidon (for the light cavalry only) are the equivalents to the Queen's and Regimental Colours.
Queen's Standard - Crimson with the Royal coat of arms, the Royal Cypher and the regimental honors
Colour Sergeant/Corporal of Horse, Warrant Officers
Regimental/Squadron Standard/Guidon - Crimson or scarlet or other colours with the Royal Cypher, the Union Badge, regimental insignia and honours (only guidons are swallow tailed)
same as in the Queen's Standard/Guidon
Combined Colour Guards (units)
Colour Corporals/Sergeants, Warrant Officers, Guard Corporal/Sergeant of the Colours, Colours Corporal Major (Household Cavalry), Colours Sergeant Major (other cavalry and armour units)
Colour guards in the artillery units are technically the lead gun's crew and leader (except in the Honourable Artillery Company which uses both guns and Colours) and there are no colour guards in the rifle regiments (nowadays The Rifles), the Royal Gurkha Rifles (which use the Queen's Truncheon) and in the Royal Hospital in Chelsea.
Royal Navy[edit]
All of the RN's Queen's Colours are identical.
Queen's Colour - White Ensign defaced with the Sovereign's cypher and inscribed with honours
Ensigns and Escorts
White Ensign
Same as Queen's Colour
Combined Colour Guards
Escorts, Ensigns, Guard Sergeant of the Colours, CSM
Royal Marines[edit]
Queen's Colour - Union Jack with the Sovereign's cypher and the RM emblem and motto with the "Gibraltar" battle honour
Ensigns and Escorts
Regimental Colour - Union Jack on the canton and dark blue with HM King George IV's cypher and the unit name, and the Sovereign's cypher on the other corners
Enisgns and Escorts
Combined Colour Guards for the RM
Escorts, Ensigns, Guard Sergeant of the Colours, CSM
Royal Air Force[edit]
Queen's Colour - Royal Air Force Ensign with the Sovereign's cypher and the RAF roundel
Ensign and Armed escorts
RAF Ensign
Same as Queen's Colour
Squadron Colour - Air Force blue with the unit insignia and honours
same as Queen's Colour
Combined Colour Guards (units)
Colour Sgts., Ensigns, Guard Sergeant of the Colours, CSM
Honours for and to the colour guard[edit]
Aside from presenting arms and sabres British and Commonwealth colour guards are expected to lower their flags to the ground in full and regular salutes in ceremonies and parades. Civilians should stand during such times and soldiers are expected to salute them when not in formation.
France[edit]
French colour guards are composed of:
One ensign holding the flag of France as the national colour
Two non-commissioned officers assisting the ensign
Three enlisted personnel behind to guard the colour
The colour guards of France's military academies tend to wear swords; those of NCO schools, other educational institutions and active units carry rifles instead.
Indonesia[edit]
An Indonesian Army colour guard
Pasukan Penjaga Panji-Panji/Pataka/Tunggul is the Indonesian term for a colour guard unit in the Indonesian National Armed Forces, the Indonesian National Police and the Municipal Police Units. These are modeled on the former Dutch practice and are led by a colour sergeant (massed color guards are led on parade by a junior officer). Panji-Panji means "Service Colours" in Indonesian. The Color guard uniform in Indonesia is all-white uniform with a white ceremonial combat helmet similar to the M1 helmet and white boots.
Composition of the Indonesian colour guard unit
Colour officer
Lead squad carrying the unit colour or national flag
One colour sergeant
Two non-commissioned officers escorting the colour
Relief squad
One replacement colour sergeant
Two non-commissioned officers
Rear guard squad of three enlisted personnel
Russia[edit]
A soldier holding the standard of the Western Military District.
Colour Guard of the 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment at the 2010 Victory Day Parade, St. Petersburg.
Russian colour guards are composed of:
Colour officer
One ensign holding the flag of Russia as the national colour
Two enlisted personnel assisting the ensign
Active units, military academies, and guards of honor carry sabers in the color guard.
The same design is used for color guards in countries of the CIS.
United States[edit]
Horse-mounted color guard from Marine Corps Logistics Base Barstow
In the military of the United States, the color guard (where the word color is referring to the national flag) carries the National Color and other flags appropriate to its position in the chain of command. Typically these include a unit flag and a departmental flag (Army, Marines, Navy, Air Force, or Coast Guard). In addition to the flag bearers, who are positioned in the center of the color guard, there are two or more individuals who carry rifles and or sabres. This is a symbol that the flag (and its nation) will always be protected.
Composition of the US color guard[edit]
In the U.S., traditionally, the unit's sergeant major is responsible for the safeguarding, care, and display of the organizational colors. The sergeant major is also responsible for the selection, training, and performance of the members.[1] The color guard consists of enlisted members and is commanded by the senior (color) Sergeant, who carries the National Color and gives the necessary commands for movements and rendering honors during drill exercises or parade ceremonies.[2]
Pershing Rifles color guard
Being assigned to the color guard is considered an honor due to the fact that these individuals present and carry the symbols of their unit and country. Depending on the circumstance and subject to the orders of their commander, members may wear full dress or less formal uniforms. It is mandatory for all members of the color guard to wear headgear, for example, a garrison cap, beret, or service cap. On occasion, certain color guards can be horse-mounted.
A US color guard is made up of a "Color Sergeant" carrying the National Colors, a unit or command "Color Bearer", and two "Color Escorts".
Manoeuvering[edit]
The color guard is formed and marched in one rank at close interval (shoulder-to-shoulder). Since the National Colors must always be in the position of honor on the right,[3] the color guard must execute a special movement to reverse direction. It does not execute rear march, nor does it execute about face. Rather, it performs a maneuver derived from the standard countercolumn command, generally known as counter march or colors reverse march, in order to keep the precedence of flags in order.
Other drill movements performed by the color guard include presenting arms, left and right wheel (turns) marches, eyes right (upon passing the reviewing stand during a parade), casing/uncasing the colors, and fixing/unfixing bayonets (by the arms bearers).
United States Marine Corps color guard during the playing of "The Star-Spangled Banner". Note that the national flag does not dip.
Rendering honors[edit]
By the color guard[edit]
The color guard renders honors when the national anthem is played or sung, when passing in review during a parade, or in certain other circumstances. In these cases, the unit and departmental flags salute by dipping (leaning the flag forward). However, with the exception of a response to a naval salute, the United States national flag renders no salute. This is enshrined in the United States Flag Code and U.S. law.
To the color guard[edit]
In the U.S. military, individuals or units passing or being passed by uncased (unfurled) colors render honors when outdoors. Individuals who are not part of any formation begin the salute when the colors are six paces distant and hold it until they have passed six paces beyond the colors.[4]
Civilians are expected to stand at the position of attention with their right hand placed over their heart for the same period, and the salute applies to the uniformed organizations as well (especially the Scouts). Since recently, veterans are expected to salute the colors too, like their military counterparts including personnel not in uniform.
Other countries[edit]
The Swedish military rank of fänrik (and the corresponding cavalry rank of kornet) was originally intended for the holder of the company flag. This duty was so prestigious that an officer was necessary to carry it out, but it required no officer training. Today, it is a regular officer rank. The Dutch armed forces have similar ranks of vaandrig and kornet (aspirant officers who have not been sworn in yet).
See also[edit]
Trooping the Colour
Guard of honour
Change of command
References[edit]
Jump up ^ FM 22-5, Section 9, Paragraph 43 (e) Archived 2007-06-14 at the Wayback Machine. (United States Department of the Army)
Jump up ^ FM 22-5, Section 9, Paragraph 45 (a) Archived 2007-06-14 at the Wayback Machine. (United States Department of the Army)
Jump up ^ Morrow, JoyceE.; Schoomaker, Peter K. (July 2003). "FM 3-21.5 (FM 22-5) Drill and Ceremonies" (PDF). Center of Military History. United States Army. p. K-3. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
Jump up ^ FM 22-5, Section 9, Paragraph 43 (c) Archived 2007-06-14 at the Wayback Machine. (United States Department of the Army)
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Color guards.
Continental Color Guard of The Old Guard
MCO P5060.20 US Marine Corps Drill and Ceremonies Manual Chapter 7
U. S. Air Force Honor Guard
U.S. Coast Guard Ceremonial Honor Guard
U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary 11th District Southern Region, Division 12, Flotilla 12-04 Color Guard
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colour_guard&oldid=830510105"
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text:
Playback singer
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Playback.
Look up playback singer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Pakistani playback singer Ahmed Rushdi performing live on stage in 1964
Indian playback singer Mohammed Rafi in a photo shoot in 1966
A playback singer is a singer whose singing is pre-recorded for use in movies. Playback singers record songs for soundtracks, and actors or actresses lip-sync the songs for cameras; the actual singer does not appear on screen.
Contents
[hide]
1 South Asia
2 Hollywood
3 See also
4 References
South Asia[edit]
South Asian movies produced in the Indian subcontinent are particularly known for using this technique. A majority of Indian movies as well as Pakistani movies typically include six or seven songs. After Alam Ara (1931), the first Indian talkie film, for many years singers made dual recordings for a film, one during the shoot, and later in the recording studio, until 1952 or 1953. Popular playback singers in India enjoy the same status as popular actors, and music directors, such as Rahul Dev Burman (1939–1994),[1][2] Ilaiyaraaja and A. R. Rahman,[3] also receive wide public admiration. Most of the playback singers are initially trained in classical music, but they later often expand their range.[4]
Mohammad Rafi and Ahmed Rushdi are regarded as two of the most influential playback singers in South Asia.[5][6][7][8] The sisters Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle, who have mainly worked in Hindi films, are often referred to as two of the best-known and most prolific playback singers in India.[9][10][11][12][13] In 1991, Mangeshkar was cited by the Guinness Book of World Records for having sung more than 30,000 solo, duet and chorus-backed song recordings, more than any other singer in the world.[14][15] However, her name was removed in 1991 and replaced by another Indian playback singer, Dr K J Yesudas in 1991.[citation needed] All India Record. In 2011, Guinness officially acknowledged Lata Mangeshkar's sister Asha Bhosle as the most recorded artist in music history, surpassing her sister.[16]
Popular Indian singers include Lata Mangeshkar, Mohammad Rafi, Ghantasala Venkateswara Rao, Asha Bhosle, Bhupen Hazarika, KJ Yesudas, Mukesh, Kishore Kumar, Manna Dey, Hemant Kumar, Mahendra Kapoor, Talat Mahmood, Shamshad Begum, Suraiya, Mubarak Begum, Sandhya Mukherjee, Geeta Dutt, Anuradha Paudwal, Amit Kumar, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam,[9] K. S. Chitra, S. Janaki, Vani Jayaram, P. Leela, Swarnalatha,[17] Shreya Ghoshal, Alka Yagnik, Kavita Krishnamurthy, Sadhana Sargam, Mano, Sujatha Mohan, Sunidhi Chauhan, Anuradha Sriram, Harini, Udit Narayan, Kumar Sanu, Abhijeet Bhattacharya, Arijit Singh, Armaan Malik, Sonu Nigam, Mohit Chauhan, Shaan, K.K., Himesh Reshammiya, Nitin Mukesh, Mika Singh, Rajesh Krishnan, Rekha Bhardwaj, Shweta Subram, Swetha Mohan, Papon, Zubeen Garg.[18][19]
Famous Pakistani playback singers include Ahmed Rushdi, Mehdi Hassan, Shafqat Amanat Ali, Nazia Hassan, Alamgir,[20] Masood Rana, Adnan Sami Khan, Noor Jehan, Mala, Atif Aslam, Rahat Fateh Ali Khan, Ali Zafar, Ghulam Ali, Runa Laila, Hadiqa Kiani, Alycia Dias, Saleem Raza, Akhlaq Ahmed, Mujeeb Aalam, Asad Amanat Ali Khan, Bashir Ahmad, Ustad Amanat Ali Khan, Abrar-ul-Haq, Abida Parveen, Adnan Sami Khan, Ali Azmat, Brian O'Connell, Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan, Fariha Pervez, Ghulam Haider, Humera Arshad, Jawad Ahmad, Sajjad Ali, Salma Agha, Muhammad Juman, Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Waqar Ali, Zohaib Hassan and A Nayyar.[21]
Hollywood[edit]
Playback singing is not as common in contemporary Hollywood as musicals are less frequent.[citation needed] It was, however, more widely used in the past. Notable Hollywood performances include Marni Nixon in West Side Story for Natalie Wood's portrayal of Maria, in The King and I for Deborah Kerr's Anna Leonowens and for Audrey Hepburn's Eliza in My Fair Lady; Bill Lee singing for John Kerr's Lieutenant Cable in South Pacific and for Christopher Plummer's Captain von Trapp in The Sound of Music,[22] Lindsay Ridgeway for Ashley Peldon's character as Darla Dimple in the animated film Cats Don't Dance, Claudia Brücken providing the singing voice for Erika Heynatz's character as Elsa Lichtmann in L.A. Noire, and Betty Noyes singing for Debbie Reynolds in Singin' in the Rain,[23] a movie in which playback singing is a major plot point.
See also[edit]
India portal
Bollywood portal
Music portal
List of Indian playback singers
List of Pakistani film singers
Filmi-ghazal
Lip-synching in music
Dubbing, also known as looping or post-sync.
Ghost singer
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Wolk, Douglas (April 1999). "Kill Your Radio: Music On The 'Net". CMJ New Music (Electro Media): 61.
Jump up ^ D. Booth, Gregory (2008). Behind the curtain: making music in Mumbai's film studios. OUP USA. pp. 275–276. ISBN 0-19-532764-0.
Jump up ^ Srinivasan, Meera (27 February 2009). "Fans spend a sleepless night". The Hindu. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
Jump up ^ Rajamani, Radhika (17 February 2003). "Realising a dream". The Hindu. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
Jump up ^ Template:Cite webcast
Jump up ^ "Articles about Mohammad Rafi – Times of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ahmed Rushdi, Remembering a legend". Dawn News. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Express Tribune, Remembering Ahmed Rushdi". Archived from the original on 27 April 2010. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Gangadhar, v. (18 May 2001). "Only the best preferred". The Hindu. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
Jump up ^ Gulzar; Nihalani, Govind; Chatterji, Saibal (2003). Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema. Popular Prakashan. pp. 72–73. ISBN 81-7991-066-0.
Jump up ^ Arnold, Alison (2000). The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. Taylor & Francis. pp. 420–421. ISBN 0-8240-4946-2.
Jump up ^ Yasmeen, Afshan (21 September 2004). "Music show to celebrate birthday of melody queen". The Hindu. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
Jump up ^ Pride, Dominic (August 1996). "The Latest Music News From Around The Planet". Billboard: 51.
Jump up ^ Puri, Amit (24 February 2003). "Dedicated to Queen of Melody". The Tribune, Chandigarh. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Melody Queen Lata rings in 75th birthday quietly". The Tribune, Chandigarh. 29 September 2004. Retrieved 18 August 2009.
Jump up ^ Banerjee, Soumyadipta (22 October 2011). "It’s a world record for Asha Bhosle". DNA India. Retrieved 23 October 2011.
Jump up ^ BBC World Service 70th Anniversary Global Music Poll: The World's Top Ten. 2002. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
Jump up ^ Kumar, Divya (5 February 2009). "Shreya rocks". The Hindu. Retrieved 14 October 2009.
Jump up ^ Locapally, Vijay (5 January 2008). "Singing star". The Hindu. Retrieved 19 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "Nisar Bazmi passes away" Check |url= value (help). Top11.htm. 23 March 2007. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
Jump up ^ Alavi, Omair (1 October 2006). "The rise and fall of playback singing". Dawn. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
Jump up ^ "The Sound of Music full credits". IMDb.com. Retrieved 15 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Earl J. Hess and Pratibha A. Dabholkar, Singin' in the Rain: The Making of an American Masterpiece (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 2009), p145.
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Strike (bowling)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A ten-pin bowling score sheet showing how a strike is scored
A strike is a term used in bowling to indicate that all of the pins have been knocked down with the first ball of a frame. On a bowling score sheet, a strike is symbolized by an X.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Scoring
2 Consecutive strikes
3 See also
4 References
Scoring[edit]
When all ten pins are completely knocked down with the first ball (called a strike and typically rendered as an "X" on a score sheet), a player is awarded ten points, plus a bonus of whatever is scored with the next two balls. In this way, the points scored for the two balls after the strike are counted twice.
Frame 1, ball 1: 10 pins (strike)
Frame 2, ball 1: 3 pins
Frame 2, ball 2: 6 pins
The total score from these throws is:
Frame one: 10 + (3 + 6) = 19
Frame two: 3 + 6 = 9
TOTAL = 28
Strike scoring works similarly for five-pin bowling, except strikes are worth 15 points rather than 10 (as the pins are scored with the values of 2, 3, 5, 3, and 2).
Consecutive strikes[edit]
Two consecutive strikes are referred to as a "double" (or a "Barney Rubble" to rhyme) aka the "rhino". Three strikes bowled consecutively is known as a "turkey". Any longer string of strikes is referred to by a number affixed to the word "bagger," as in "four-bagger" for four consecutive strikes. ESPN commentator Rob Stone created the name "hambone" to describe four consecutive strikes.[2]
When a player is "on the strikes", a string is often referenced by affixing "in a row" to the number of strikes bowled consecutively. Six strikes in a row are sometimes referred to as a "six pack" or "sixer".[3] Six strikes and nine strikes in a row can also be referred to "wild turkeys" and "golden turkeys" respectively. Any string of strikes starting in the first frame or ending "off the sheet" (where all of a bowler's shots from a certain frame to the end of the game strike) are often referred to as the "front" or "back" strikes, respectively (e.g. the 'front nine' for strikes in frames 1-9, or the 'back six' for strikes in frames 7, 8, and 9 with a turkey in the tenth). Twelve strikes in a row is a perfect game; 36 consecutive strikes constitutes a 900 series. Due to the difficulty of achieving a game of 300 or a series of 900, Many Bowling establishments have plaques engraved with 300 and 900 club members.
A list of consecutive strikes. 2-Double 3-Turkey 4-Square Ball 5-High Five 6-Six Pack 7-Lucky Seven 8-Octopus 9-Golden Turkey 10-Dime Bag 11-Aces Up 12-Dirty Dozen
A player who scores multiple strikes in succession would score like so:
Frame 1, ball 1: 10 pins (strike)
Frame 2, ball 1: 10 pins (strike)
Frame 3, ball 1: 4 pins
Frame 3, ball 2: 2 pins
The score from these throws is:
Frame one: 10 + (10 + 4)= 24
Frame two: 10 + (4 + 2) = 16
Frame three: 4 + 2 = 6
TOTAL = 46
The most points that can be scored in a single frame is 30 points (10 for the original strike, plus strikes in the two subsequent frames)
The most points that can be scored in a single game is 300 points which is a perfect game.
A player who bowls a strike in the tenth (final) frame is awarded two extra balls so as to allow the awarding of bonus points. If both these balls also result in ten pins knocked down each, a total of 30 points (10 + 10 + 10) is awarded for the frame. These bonus points do not count on their own, however. They only count as the bonus for the strike.
See also[edit]
Turkey bowling
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Bowling-Tips.org (2013). "How to Bowl a Strike". Bowling-Tips.org. Retrieved 2014-04-01.
Jump up ^ Jeff Goodger (2013). "Strings of Strikes". About.com. Retrieved 2014-04-01.
Jump up ^ PBA (2012). "Professional Bowlers Association: Bowling Lingo". Professional Bowlers Association. Retrieved 2012-12-01.
[hide]
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