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British Invasion
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For other uses, see British Invasion (disambiguation).
The arrival of the Beatles in the U.S., and subsequent appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show, in 1964 marked the start of the British Invasion.
The British Invasion was a cultural phenomenon of the mid-1960s when rock and pop music acts from the United Kingdom[1] and other aspects of British culture, became popular in the United States and significant to rising "counterculture" on both sides of the Atlantic.[2] Pop and rock groups such as the Beatles, the Dave Clark Five,[3] the Kinks,[4] the Rolling Stones, Herman's Hermits, and the Animals were at the forefront of the invasion.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 The Invasion
2.1 Beatlemania
2.2 Beyond the Beatles
2.3 Other cultural impacts
2.3.1 Film and television
2.3.2 Fashion
2.3.3 Literature
3 Impact on American music
4 End of first British Invasion
5 See also
6 Further reading and listening
7 Notes
8 References
Background[edit]
The rebellious tone and image of US rock and roll and blues musicians became popular with British youth in the late 1950s. While early commercial attempts to replicate American rock and roll mostly failed, the trad jazz–inspired skiffle craze,[6] with its do it yourself attitude, was the starting point of several British Billboard singles.[7][8]
Young British groups started to combine various British and American styles in different parts of the U.K., such as the 1962 movement in Liverpool known as Merseybeat or the "beat boom".[9][10][11][12] That same year featured three instrumentals, each from an act with British roots, to reach the Hot 100's summit.[13] This included the Tornados' instrumental "Telstar", written and produced by Joe Meek, becoming the first record by a British group to reach number one on the US Hot 100.[citation needed] All were preceded by British jazz musician Kenny Ball peaking at #2 on 17 March 1962 on the Hot 100 with the instrumental "Midnight in Moscow".
Some observers have noted that US teenagers were growing tired of singles-oriented pop acts like Fabian.[14] The Mods and Rockers, two youth "gangs" in mid-1960s Britain, also had an impact in British Invasion music. Bands with a Mod aesthetic became the most popular, but bands able to balance both (e.g. the Beatles) were also successful.[15]
The Invasion[edit]
Beatlemania[edit]
Main article: Beatlemania
See also: Cultural impact of the Beatles
Fans and media swarm the Beatles at Schiphol Airport in 1964.
In October 1963, the first newspaper articles about the frenzy in England surrounding the Beatles appeared nationally in the US.[16] The Beatles' November 4 Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen Mother sparked music industry and media interest in the group.[16] During November, a number of major American print outlets and two network television evening programs published and broadcast stories on the phenomenon that became known as "Beatlemania".[16][17]
On December 10, CBS Evening News anchor Walter Cronkite, looking for something positive to report, re-ran a Beatlemania story that originally aired on the 22 November 1963 edition of the CBS Morning News with Mike Wallace but became shelved that night because of the assassination of US President John Kennedy.[16][18] After seeing the report, 15-year-old Marsha Albert of Silver Spring, Maryland, wrote a letter the following day to disc jockey Carroll James at radio station WWDC asking, "Why can't we have music like that here in America?"[18] On December 17 James had Miss Albert introduce "I Want to Hold Your Hand" live on the air.[18] WWDC's phones lit up, and Washington, D.C., area record stores were flooded with requests for a record they did not have in stock.[18] James sent the record to other disc jockeys around the country sparking similar reaction.[16] On December 26, Capitol Records released the record three weeks ahead of schedule.[18] The release of the record during a time when teenagers were on vacation helped spread Beatlemania in the US.[18] On December 29, The Baltimore Sun, reflecting the dismissive view of most adults, editorialized, "America had better take thought as to how it will deal with the invasion. Indeed a restrained 'Beatles go home' might be just the thing."[16] In the next year alone, the Beatles would have 30 different listings on the Hot 100.[19]
Ed Sullivan and the Beatles, February 1964
On January 3, 1964, The Jack Paar Program ran Beatles concert footage licensed from the BBC "as a joke," but it was watched by 30 million viewers. While this piece was largely forgotten, Beatles producer George Martin has said it "aroused the kids' curiosity".[16] In the middle of January 1964, "I Want to Hold Your Hand" appeared suddenly, then vaulted to the top of nearly every top 40 music survey in the United States, launching the Fab Four's sustained, massive output. "I Want to Hold Your Hand" ascended to number one on the January 25, 1964 edition of Cash Box magazine (on sale January 18)[18] and the February 1, 1964 edition of the Hot 100.[20] On February 7, 1964, the CBS Evening News ran a story about the Beatles' United States arrival that afternoon in which the correspondent said, "The British Invasion this time goes by the code name Beatlemania."[21] Two days later, on Sunday, February 9, they appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show. Nielsen Ratings estimated that 45 percent of US television viewers that night saw their appearance.[12]
According to Michael Ross, "It is somewhat ironic that the biggest moment in the history of popular music was first experienced in the US as a television event." The Ed Sullivan Show had for some time been a "comfortable hearth-and-slippers experience." Not many of the 73 million viewers watching in February 1964 would fully understand what impact the band they were watching would have.[22]
"In [1776] England lost her American colonies. Last week the Beatles took them back." Life magazine[23]
The Beatles soon incited contrasting reactions and, in the process, generated more novelty records than anyone — at least 200 during 1964–1965 and more inspired by the "Paul is dead" rumour in 1969.[24] Among the many reactions, favoring the hysteria were British girl group the Carefrees' "We Love You Beatles" (#39 on 11 April 1964)[25] and the Patty Cakes' "I Understand Them", subtitled "A Love Song to the Beatles".[26] Disapproving the pandemonium were American group the Four Preps' "A Letter to the Beatles" (#85 on 4 April 1964)[27] and American comedian Allan Sherman's "Pop Hates the Beatles."[28]
On April 4, the Beatles held the top five positions on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, and to date, no other act has simultaneously held even the top three.[12][29] The Beatles also held the top five positions on Cash Box's singles chart that same week, with the first two positions reversed from the Hot 100.[30] The group's massive chart success, which included at least two of their singles holding the top spot on the Hot 100 during each of the seven consecutive years starting with 1964, continued until they broke up in 1970.[12]
Beyond the Beatles[edit]
One week after the Beatles entered the Hot 100 for the first time, Dusty Springfield, having launched a solo career after her participation in the Springfields, became the next British act to reach the Hot 100, at number 12, with "I Only Want to Be with You".[31][nb 1] During the next three years, many more British acts with a chart-topping US single would appear.[nb 2] As 1965 approached, another wave of British Invasion artists emerged which consisted usually of either of groups playing in a more pop style, such as the Hollies or the Zombies or with a harder-driving, blues-based approach.[51][52][53][54][excessive citations] On May 8, 1965, the British Commonwealth came closer than it ever had or would to a clean sweep of a weekly Hot 100's Top 10, lacking only a hit at number two instead of "Count Me In" by the US group Gary Lewis & the Playboys.[55][56] The British Commonwealth also nearly swept the Cash Box singles chart's top ten the previous week, lacking only a hit at number six instead of "Count Me In".[57] That same year, half of the 26 Billboard Hot 100 chart toppers (counting the Beatles' "I Feel Fine" carrying over from 1964) belonged to British acts. The British trend would continue into 1966 and beyond.[58] British Invasion acts also dominated the music charts at home in the United Kingdom.[51]
The musical style of British Invasion artists, such as the Beatles, had been influenced by earlier US rock 'n' roll, a genre which had lost some popularity and appeal by the time of the Invasion. However, a subsequent handful of white British performers, particularly the Rolling Stones and the Animals, would appeal to a more 'outsider' demographic, essentially reviving and popularizing, for young people at least, a musical genre rooted in the blues, rhythm, and black culture,[59] which had been largely ignored or rejected when performed by black US artists in the 1950s.[60] Such bands were sometimes perceived by American parents and elders as rebellious and unwholesome unlike parent-friendly pop groups, such as the Beatles. The Rolling Stones would become the biggest band other than the Beatles to come out of the British Invasion,[61] topping the Hot 100 eight times.[62] Sometimes, there would be a clash between the two styles of the British Invasion, the polished pop acts and the grittier blues-based acts due to the expectations set by the Beatles. Eric Burdon of the Animals said "They dressed us up in the most strange costumes. They were even gonna bring a choreographer to show us how to move on stage. I mean, it was ridiculous. It was something that was so far away from our nature and, um, yeah we were just pushed around and told, 'When you arrive in America, don't mention the [Vietnam] war! You can't talk about the war.' We felt like we were being gagged."[63]
"Freakbeat" is a term sometimes given to certain British Invasion acts closely associated with the mod scene during the Swinging London period, particularly harder-driving British blues bands of the era that often remained obscure to US listeners, and who are sometimes seen as counterparts to the garage rock bands in America.[64][65] Certain acts, such as the Pretty Things and the Creation, had a certain degree of chart success in the UK and are often considered exemplars of the form.[66][67][68][69][excessive citations] The emergence of a relatively homogeneous worldwide "rock" music style marking the end of the "invasion" occurred in 1967.[9]
Other cultural impacts[edit]
Outside music, other aspects of British arts became popular in the US during this period and led US media to proclaim the United Kingdom as the center of music and fashion.
Film and television[edit]
The Beatles movie A Hard Day's Night marked the group's entrance into film.[9] Mary Poppins, released on August 27, 1964, and starring English actress Julie Andrews as the titular character, became the most Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated Disney film in history, and My Fair Lady, released on December 25, 1964, starring British actress Audrey Hepburn as Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle, won eight Academy Awards.[70]
Besides the Bond series which commenced with Sean Connery as James Bond in 1962, films with a British sensibility such as the "Angry Young Men" genre, What's New Pussycat? and Alfie styled London Theatre. A new wave of British actors such as Peter O'Toole and Michael Caine intrigued US audiences.[14] Four of the decade's Academy Award winners for best picture were British productions, with the epic Lawrence of Arabia, starring O'Toole as British army officer T. E. Lawrence, winning seven Oscars in 1963.[71]
British television series such as Danger Man (renamed Secret Agent in its U.S. airings) and The Avengers began appearing on American screens, inspiring a series of American-produced espionage programs such as I Spy, The Man From U.N.C.L.E., and the parody series Get Smart. By 1966, spy series (both British and American) had emerged as a favorite format of American viewers, alongside Westerns and rural sitcoms.[72] Television shows that featured uniquely American styles of music, such as Sing Along with Mitch and Hootenanny, were quickly canceled and replaced with shows such as Shindig! and Hullabaloo that were better positioned to play the new British hits, and segments of the new shows were taped in England.[73][74]
Fashion[edit]
Fashion and image marked the Beatles out from their earlier US rock and roll counterparts. Their distinctive, uniform style "challenged the clothing style of conventional US males," just as their music challenged the earlier conventions of the rock and roll genre.[60] "Mod" fashions, such as the mini skirt from "Swinging London" designers such as Mary Quant and worn by early supermodels Twiggy, Jean Shrimpton and other models, were popular worldwide.[75][76][77][78][78][79][80][excessive citations] John Crosby wrote, "The English girl has an enthusiasm that American men find utterly captivating. I'd like to import the whole Chelsea girl with her 'life is fabulous' philosophy to America with instructions to bore from within."[81]
Even while longstanding styles remained popular, US teens and young adults started to dress "hipper." The evolution of the styles of the British Invasion bands also showed in US culture, as some bands went from more clean cut to being more hippie.[22]
Literature[edit]
In anticipation of the 2013 50th anniversary of the British Invasion, comics such as Nowhere Men, which are loosely based on the events of it, gained popularity.[82]
Impact on American music[edit]
The British Invasion had a profound impact on popular music, internationalizing the production of rock and roll, establishing the British popular music industry as a viable centre of musical creativity,[83] and opening the door for subsequent British performers to achieve international success.[51] In America, the Invasion arguably spelled the end of the popularity of instrumental surf music,[84] pre-Motown vocal girl groups, the folk revival (which adapted by evolving into folk rock), and temporarily, the teen idols that had dominated the American charts in the late 1950s and 1960s.[85]
It dented the careers of established R&B acts like Chubby Checker and temporarily derailed the chart success of certain surviving rock and roll acts, including Ricky Nelson,[86] Fats Domino, the Everly Brothers and Elvis Presley (who nevertheless racked up 30 Hot 100 entries from 1964 through 1967).[87] It prompted many existing garage rock bands to adopt a sound with a British Invasion inflection and inspired many other groups to form, creating a scene from which many major American acts of the next decade would emerge.[88] The British Invasion also played a major part in the rise of a distinct genre of rock music and cemented the primacy of the rock group, based around guitars and drums and producing their own material as singer-songwriters.[89]
Though many of the acts associated with the invasion did not survive its end, many others would become icons of rock music.[51] The claim that British beat bands were not radically different from US groups like the Beach Boys and damaged the careers of African-American and female artists[90] was made about the Invasion. However, the Motown sound, exemplified by the Supremes, the Temptations, and the Four Tops, each securing its first top 20 record during the Invasion's first year of 1964 and following up with many other top 20 records, besides the constant or even accelerating output of the Miracles, Gladys Knight & the Pips, Marvin Gaye, Martha & the Vandellas, and Stevie Wonder, actually increased in popularity during that time.[91]
Other US groups also demonstrated a similar sound to the British Invasion artists and in turn highlighted how the British 'sound' was not in itself a wholly new or original one.[92] Roger McGuinn of the Byrds, for example, acknowledged the debt that American artists owed to British musicians, such as the Searchers, but that "they were using folk music licks that I was using anyway. So it's not that big a rip-off."[93] Both the US sunshine pop group the Buckinghams and the Beatles-influenced US Tex-Mex act the Sir Douglas Quintet adopted British-sounding names,[94][95] and San Francisco's Beau Brummels took their name from the same-named English dandy.[96] Roger Miller had a 1965 hit record with a song titled "England Swings".[97] Englishman Geoff Stephens (or John Carter) reciprocated the gesture a la Rudy Vallée a year later in the New Vaudeville Band's "Winchester Cathedral".[98][99] Even as recently as 2003, "Shanghai Knights" made the latter two tunes memorable once again in London scenes.[100][101] Anticipating the Bay City Rollers by more than a decade, two British acts that reached the Hot 100's top 20 gave a tip of the hat to America: Billy J. Kramer with the Dakotas and the Nashville Teens. The British Invasion also drew a backlash from some American bands, e.g., Paul Revere & the Raiders[102] and New Colony Six[103] dressed in Revolutionary War uniforms, and Gary Puckett & The Union Gap donned Civil War uniforms.[104] Garage rock act the Barbarians' "Are You a Boy or Are You a Girl" contained the lyrics "You're either a girl, or you come from Liverpool" and "You can dance like a female monkey, but you swim like a stone, Yeah, a Rolling Stone."[105][106]
In Australia, the success of the Seekers and the Easybeats (the latter a band formed mostly of British emigrants) closely paralleled that of the British Invasion. The Seekers had two Hot 100 top 5 hits during the British Invasion, the #4 hit "I'll Never Find Another You" in May 1965 and the #2 hit "Georgy Girl" in February 1967. The Easybeats drew heavily on the British Invasion sound and had one hit in the United States during the British Invasion, the #16 hit "Friday on My Mind" in May 1967.[107][108]
According to Robert J. Thompson, director of the Center for the Study of Popular Television at Syracuse University, the British invasion pushed the counterculture into the mainstream.[22]
End of first British Invasion[edit]
The historical conclusion of British Invasion is ambiguous. American bands regained mainstream prominence in the late 1960s along changing cultural norms. Nevertheless, British bands retained their popularity throughout the decade, and in the 1970s, bands such as Badfinger and the Sweet, and American band the Raspberries are considered to have evolved the genre into power pop. In 1978, two rock magazines wrote cover stories analyzing power pop as a savior to both the new wave and the direct simplicity of rock. Along with the music, new wave power impacted current the fashion, such as the mod style of the Jam or the skinny ties of the burgeoning Los Angeles scene. Several power pop artists were commercially successful; most notably the Knack, whose "My Sharona" was the highest ranked U.S. single of 1979. Although the Knack and power pop fell out of mainstream popularity, the genre continues to have a cult following with occasional periods of modest success.[109]
A subsequent wave of British artists rose to popularity in the 1980s as British music videos appeared in American media, leading to what is now known as the "Second British Invasion". The last recognized movement of British mainstream prominence in U.S. music charts came in the mid-1990s with the brief success of Spice Girls, Oasis and Robbie Williams.
At least one British act would appear somewhere on the Hot 100 every week from November 2, 1963 until April 20, 2002, originating with the debut of the Caravelles' "You Don't Have to Be a Baby to Cry". British acts declined in popularity throughout the 1990s, and in the April 27, 2002 issue of Billboard, Craig David and Ozzy Osbourne were the only British artists ranked in the US music charts, under the top 100 albums.[110]
See also[edit]
1960s portal
Rock music portal
Music portal
Anglophile
Britpop
Cool Britannia
List of Billboard Hot 100 number-ones by British artists
List of British Invasion artists
Music of the United Kingdom (1960s)
Second British Invasion, 1980s
Further reading and listening[edit]
Gilliland, John (1969). "The British Are Coming! The British Are Coming!: The U.S.A. is invaded by a wave of long-haired English rockers" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries.
Harry, Bill The British Invasion: How the Beatles and Other UK Bands Conquered America Chrome Dreams 2004 ISBN 978-1-84240-247-4
Miles, Barry The British Invasion: The Music, the Times, the Era Sterling Publishing 2009 ISBN 978-1-4027-6976-4
"The British Invasion" 2002 – Oral History by Vanity Fair
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ She soon followed up with several other hits, becoming what AllMusic described as "the finest white soul singer of her era."[32] On the Hot 100, Dusty's solo career lasted almost as long, albeit with little more than one quarter of the hits, as the Beatles' group career before their breakup.
Jump up ^ Peter and Gordon, the Animals, Manfred Mann, Petula Clark,[33] Freddie and the Dreamers, Wayne Fontana and the Mindbenders,[34] Herman's Hermits,[35] the Rolling Stones,[36] the Dave Clark Five,[37] the Troggs, Donovan,[38] and Lulu in 1967, would have one or more number one singles in the US.[9] Other Invasion acts included the Searchers,[39] Billy J. Kramer,[40] the Bachelors,[41] Chad & Jeremy,[42] Gerry and the Pacemakers,[43] the Honeycombs,[44] Them[12] (and later its lead singer, Van Morrison), Tom Jones,[45] the Yardbirds (whose guitarist Jimmy Page would later form Led Zeppelin),[46] the Spencer Davis Group, the Small Faces, and numerous others. The Kinks, although considered part of the Invasion,[4][47][48] initially failed to capitalize on their success in the US after their first three hits reached the Hot 100's top 10[49] (in part due to a ban by the American Federation of Musicians[50]) before resurfacing in 1970 with "Lola" and in 1983 with their biggest hit, "Come Dancing".
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Jump up ^ allmusic Genre Garage Rock
Jump up ^ R. Shuker, Popular Music: The Key Concepts. (Routledge, 2nd ed., 2005), p. 35.
Jump up ^ K. Keightley, "Reconsidering Rock". S. Frith, W. Straw and J. Street, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Pop and Rock (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), pp. 117-8.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2003). Top Pop Singles 1955-2002. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research, Inc. ISBN 0-89820-155-1.
Jump up ^ K. Keightley, "Reconsidering Rock" in S. Frith, W. Straw and J. Street, eds., The Cambridge Companion to Pop and Rock (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-521-55660-0, p. 116.
Jump up ^ Holmes, Tim, "US and Them: American Rock's Reconquista" Popular Music and Society, Vol.30, July 07
Jump up ^ Dahl, Bill. "The Buckinghams - Music Biography, Streaming Radio and Discography - AllMusic". AllMusic.
Jump up ^ Huey, Steve. "The Sir Douglas Quintet - Music Biography, Streaming Radio and Discography - AllMusic". AllMusic.
Jump up ^ "Trivial Pursuit: The Test of Dandy Knowledge". Dandyism.net. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
Jump up ^ Hoffman, Ken (July 4, 2012). "England still swings". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ James E. Perone (2007). "1". The Words and Music of David Bowie. Westport, Connecticut, and London: Praeger (Singer-Songwriter Collection). p. 6. ISBN 978-0-275-99245-3. Archived from the original on June 16, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Winchester Cathedral by New Vaudeville Band". The Kirkham Report. August 16, 2009. Archived from the original on June 17, 2013. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ Leydon, Joe (January 26, 2003). "Shanghai Knights - Film Reviews - New U.S. Release". Variety. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ Farance, Jeff. "Shanhai Knights - Movie reviews, trailers, clips and movie stills". Celebrity Wonder. Retrieved December 1, 2012. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Hoffman, Lori (December 7, 2013). "Show Review: Kickin' It with Paul Revere and the Raiders". Atlantic City Weekly. Archived from the original on April 26, 2014. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The New Colony Six". Oldies.com. Retrieved 2015-03-24.
Jump up ^ Voger, Mark (2011-10-10). "Gary Puckett interview: A perfect Union". The Star-Ledger. Retrieved 2014-04-25.
Jump up ^ Allmusic bio The Barbarians
Jump up ^ Allmusic song review "Are You a Boy or Are You a Girl song review
Jump up ^ Eder, Bruce. "The Seekers - Music Biography, Streaming Radio and Discography - AllMusic". AllMusic.
Jump up ^ Eder, Bruce. "The Easybeats - Music Biography, Streaming Radio and Discography - AllMusic". AllMusic.
Jump up ^ Cateforis, Theo. Are We Not New Wave? Modern Pop at the Turn of the 1980s. Ann Arbor, Michigan: The University of Michigan Press. pp. 123 to 150. ISBN 9780472034703.
Jump up ^ Mark Jenkins (3 May 2002). "The end of the British invasion". Slate. Retrieved 2014-01-23.
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DHL Express
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
DHL Express
Type
Division
Industry
Express logistics
Founded
1969; 49 years ago (1969)
Founders
Adrian Dalsey
Larry Hillblom
Robert Lynn
Headquarters
Bonn, Germany
Key people
Ken Allen (Chairman)[1]
Products
DHL Express Worldwide
DHL Express 9:00
DHL Express 12:00
Number of employees
325,000
Parent
Deutsche Post
Website
www.dhl.com
DHL Express[2] is a division of the German logistics company Deutsche Post DHL providing international courier, parcel and express mail services. Deutsche Post DHL is the world's largest logistics company operating around the world,[3] particularly in sea and air mail.[4][5]
Founded in the United States in 1969 to deliver documents between San Francisco and Honolulu, the company expanded its service throughout the world by the late 1970s. The company was primarily interested in offshore and inter-continental deliveries, but the success of FedEx prompted their own intra-US expansion starting in 1983.
In 1998, Deutsche Post began to acquire shares in DHL. It reached controlling interest in 2001, and acquired all outstanding shares by December 2002.[6] The company then absorbed DHL into its Express division, while expanding the use of the DHL brand to other Deutsche Post divisions, business units and subsidiaries. Today, DHL Express shares its DHL brand with business units such as DHL Global Forwarding and DHL Supply Chain.[7]
The DHL Express financial results are published in the Deutsche Post AG annual report.[7] In 2016, this division's revenue increased by 2.7 per cent to €14 billion.[8] The earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) increased by 11.3% over 2015 to €1.5 billion.[9]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Origins
1.1.1 The initials
1.2 Domestic expansion
1.3 Deutsche Post purchase
2 Services
3 Environmental record
3.1 Use of electric vehicles
4 DHL aviation
5 Sponsorships
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
Old DHL logo before its purchase by Deutsche Post AG
Traditional DHL subsidiary in Steinfurt (Germany) sharing premises and logistics with Deutsche Post
DHL boat in Amsterdam, carrying DHL delivery bicycles on board.
DHL advertising on the Tren de la Costa light railway, Buenos Aires
DHL semitrailer truck
Origins[edit]
While Larry Hillblom was studying law at University of California, Berkeley's Boalt Hall School of Law in the late 1960s, he accepted a job as a courier for the insurance company Michael's, Poe & Associates (MPA). He started running courier duty between Oakland International Airport and Los Angeles International Airport, picking up packages for the last flight of the day, and returning on the first flight the next morning, up to five times a week.[10]:12
After he graduated, Hillblom met with MPA salesman Adrian Dalsey and they planned to expand MPA's concept of fast delivery to other business enterprises. They flew between Honolulu and Los Angeles, transporting bills of lading for their first client, Seatrain Lines.[10]:17
The initials[edit]
Hillblom put up a portion of his student loans to start the company, bringing in his two friends Adrian Dalsey and Robert Lynn as partners, with their combined initials of their surnames as the company name (DHL). [11] They shared a Plymouth Duster that they drove around San Francisco to pick up the documents in suitcases, then rushed to the airport to book flights using another relatively new invention, the corporate credit card. As the business took off, they started hiring new couriers to join the company. Their first hires were Max and Blanche Kroll, whose apartment in Hawaii often became a makeshift flophouse for their couriers.
Domestic expansion[edit]
In the 1970s, DHL was an international delivery company, and the only one offering overnight service. The only major competitor in the overnight market was Federal Express (FedEx), which did not open its first international service until 1981, expanding to Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Nevertheless, the domestic market was extremely profitable, and DHL was the third largest courier behind FedEx and UPS.
Deutsche Post purchase[edit]
Deutsche Post began to acquire shares in DHL in 1998, acquiring controlling interest in 2001. By the end of 2002, Deutsche Post had acquired all of DHL's remaining stock, and absorbed the operation into its Express division.[6] The DHL brand was expanded to other Deutsche Post divisions, business units and subsidiaries. Today, DHL Express shares its DHL brand with other Deutsche Post business units, such as DHL Global Forwarding, DHL Freight, DHL Supply Chain, and DHL Global Mail.
All US domestic flights were handled by DHL Airways, Inc. which in 2003 was renamed ASTAR Air Cargo following a management buyout. DHL's first airline still remains with over 550 pilots in service, as of October 2008.[12]
2001: Deutsche Post acquires a majority (51%) of DHL's shares, and the remaining 49% in 2002. The new DHL is launched by merging the old DHL, Danzas and Securicor Omega Euro Express.
2001: The Packstation, an automated delivery booth, is introduced as a pilot project in Dortmund and Mainz.
2002: Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937, a Tupolev Tu-154 passenger jet, collides with DHL Flight 611, a Boeing 757-200 cargo jet, at 35,000 ft (11,000 m) over Überlingen, Germany. The 69 people aboard the Tupolev (consisting mainly of Russian schoolchildren) and the two pilots of the Boeing were killed.[13][14]
December 2002: Introduces red and yellow new color scheme and logo.
August 2003: Deutsche Post acquires Airborne Express, and begins to integrate it into DHL. The Airborne Express Airline named ABX Air is to provide contract ACMI service until 2011.
22 November 2003: DHL shootdown incident in Baghdad wherein Iraqi insurgents fire an SA-7 "Grail" surface-to-air missile at a European Air Transport Airbus A300 operating on behalf of DHL. The aircraft takes off from Baghdad airport and the missile strikes the left wing, disabling all three hydraulic systems and setting the wing on fire. The aircraft begins a dangerous phugoid (vertical oscillation) but the crew manages to land safely at the airport, despite being able to control the aircraft only by adjusting the engine thrust.[15]
September 2004: a planned expansion by DHL at Brussels Airport creates a political crisis in Belgium.[16]
21 October 2004: DHL Express announces that it will move its European hub from Brussels to Leipzig, Germany (Vatry, France was considered and rejected). DHL's unions call a strike in response, paralyzing work for a day.
8 November 2004: DHL Express invests €120 million in Indian domestic courier Blue Dart and becomes the majority shareholder in the company.[17]
September 2005: Deutsche Post makes an offer to buy contract logistics company Exel plc, which had just acquired Tibbett & Britten Group.
On 14 December 2005, Deutsche Post announces the completion of the acquisition of Exel plc. When integrating Exel into its Logistics division, it adds its well-known DHL brand acquired with the purchase of DHL Express to form the name DHL Exel Supply Chain. Following the latest deal, DHL has a global workforce of 285,000 people (500,000 people including DPWN and other sister companies) and roughly $65 billion in annual sales.
September 2006: DHL wins ten-year contract worth £1.6 billion, to run the NHS Supply Chain (part of the UK's National Health Service). DHL will be responsible for providing logistics services for over 500,000 products to support 600 hospitals and other health providers in the United Kingdom. As part of this new contract, in 2008 DHL will open a new 250,000 sq ft (23,000 m2) distribution centre to act as a stock holding hub for food and other products, with another distribution centre opening in 2012. The two new distribution centres will create around 1,000 new jobs.[18]
September 2007: DHL Express co-founds new cargo airline AeroLogic, based at Leipzig/Halle Airport, in a 50:50 joint venture with Lufthansa Cargo. The carrier will operate up to 11 Boeing 777Fs by 2012.[19]
December 2007: DHL becomes the first ever carrier to transport cargo via wind powered ships flying MS Beluga Skysails kites.
May 2008: DHL Aviation moves its central depot to Leipzig; Germany, resulting in a significant positioning for improved service and timeliness to the European Union.
28 May 2008: DHL Express announces the restructuring plans for its United States network, including terminating its business relationship with ABX Air and entering into a contract with competitor UPS for air freight operations.[20] Its cargo hub shifts from Wilmington to Louisville.[21][22] The Air Line Pilots Association, International protests.[23] See also: Wilmington, Ohio
October 2008: Two DHL Express Middle East senior executives, David Giles and Jason Bresler, are assassinated in Kabul, by one of their own Afghan employees; they receive military honors by the U.S. military, the first of such kind in Afghanistan.[24]
10 November 2008: DHL announces that it is cutting 9,500 jobs as it discontinues domestic air and ground operations within the United States to deal with economic uncertainty. It is retaining international services, and is still in talks with UPS to transport DHL packages between U.S. airports.[25]
DHL G-BIKC: ex British Airways Boeing 757, converted to cargo type in 2001 - Landing at Madrid Airport (Spain) - Old DHL color scheme and logo .
30 January 2009: DHL ends domestic pick up and delivery service in the United States, effectively leaving UPS and FedEx as the two major express parcel delivery companies in the United States[26] Limited domestic service is still available from DHL, provided that the packages are tendered to USPS for local delivery. Newegg and RockAuto are companies that use this option as of March 8, 2016.
April 2009: UPS announces that DHL and UPS have ended negotiations for an agreement for UPS to provide airlift for DHL packages between airports in North America. DHL says in a statement, "We have not been able to come to a conclusive agreement that is acceptable to both parties." DHL continues to use its current air cargo providers, ASTAR Air Cargo and ABX Air for now.[27]
On 18 March 2010: A DHL Antonov An-26 aircraft makes an emergency landing on the frozen Lake Ülemiste, close to Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport. Initial reports indicate problems with the landing gear and one of the engines. The flight is operated by Exin on behalf of DHL. The aircraft involved is SP-FDO and the flight departed from Helsinki Airport. Two of the six crew members were injured.
June 13, 2013 in Erlanger, Kentucky, USA – The company's newly expanded and upgraded global hub is opened at the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport.[28]
Services[edit]
DHL van in Tokyo
DHL Express's global headquarters are part of the Deutsche Post headquarters in Bonn.
Headquarters for the Americas are located in Plantation, Florida, USA, while its Asia-Pacific and emerging markets headquarters are located in Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and China. The European hub is in Leipzig, Germany.
Most of DHL Express' business is incorporated as DHL International GmbH.
Major competitors include FedEx, UPS, TNT and national post carriers such as United States Postal Service (USPS) and Royal Mail. However, DHL has a minor partnership with the USPS, which allows DHL to deliver small packages to the recipient through the USPS network known as DHL Global Mail, now known as DHL eCommerce. It is also the sole provider for transferring USPS mail in and out of Iraq and Afghanistan.
DHL offers worldwide services, including deliveries to countries such as Iraq, Afghanistan, and Myanmar (formerly Burma). As it is German-owned, DHL is not affected by U.S. embargoes or sanctions and will ship to Cuba[29] and North Korea.[30][31] However, there are strict codes for delivering to North Korea, as the country has shaky relations with the West.[30]
As DHL is no longer a United States company, it is not allowed to make domestic flights between U.S. airports. DHL contracts these services to other providers.[25]
Environmental record[edit]
DHL has taken measures to control their environmental effect by use of the alternative fuel vehicles. DHL changed vehicles in certain delivery fleets in order to use alternative fuels. Certain new vehicles use compressed natural gas, to which DHL hopes to convert 50% of their vehicles in the future.[32]
On 16 September 2005, DHL won a High Court injunction establishing an exclusion zone around each of its 288 buildings in the UK as well as the homes of its 18,000 UK employees. The firm has been the subject of a campaign of intimidation because of their business with Huntingdon Life Sciences. The judge banned protesters from coming within 50 yards (46 m) of any DHL premises or the homes of their employees as well as any organized demonstration within 100 yards (91 m) unless the police had been given four hours' notice. The injunction also protects anyone doing business with DHL from intimidation.[33]
Use of electric vehicles[edit]
Electric StreetScooter Work (2016)
In December 2014 Deutsche Post DHL purchased the StreetScooter company, a small manufacturer of electric vehicles as part of its long-term goal to reach zero emissions in its delivery operations.[34] By year end 2016, some 2,000 vehicles had been produced.[35][36]
In the future, electric vans with a much greater range will be required to achieve the long term goal of replacing the entire Deutsche Post and DHL Express fleet of approximately 70,000 vehicles with StreetScooter models.[37]
The Deutsche Post/DHL GoGreen program plans to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and local air pollutants; the company has four interim goals for doing so, to be achieved by the year 2025. The long-term goal, summarized by Frank Appel, Chief Executive Officer, is more aggressive. "From now until 2050, our mission will be to drive our business toward zero [logistics related] emissions. We are setting the standard for the future of the transport sector and doing our part to help the world community reach its goal of limiting global warming to less than two degrees Celsius."[38]
DHL aviation[edit]
Main article: DHL Aviation
DHL Aero Expreso Boeing 757-200F
Deutsche Post owns five airline subsidiaries operating for DHL Express, operating 96 aircraft and another 21 aircraft on orders, which are collectively referred to as DHL Aviation. DHL Express is an equal partner in a sixth airline that operates for DHL Express:
Blue Dart Aviation, Chennai, India, provides services for Indian destinations from Chennai International Airport
DHL Aero Expreso, Panama City, Panama provides services for destinations in Central and South America
DHL Air UK, Hounslow, United Kingdom provides services for European destinations from East Midlands Airport
European Air Transport, Leipzig, Germany provides services for European destinations from Leipzig/Halle Airport
AeroLogic (joint venture with Lufthansa), Schkeuditz, Germany provides services from Europe to central and eastern Asian destinations from Leipzig/Halle Airport and Frankfurt Airport
SNAS/DHL, Bahrain provides services for Middle East destinations from Bahrain International Airport
Sponsorships[edit]
DHL-colored Team Penske Porsche RS Spyder LMP2 racing cars of Penske Racing
For several years, DHL was the primary sponsor of the Porsche RS Spyder Le Mans Prototypes in the International Motor Sports Association American Le Mans Series. DHL also sponsors Ryan Hunter-Reay's #28 IndyCar Series car for Andretti Autosport since 2011. With DHL, Hunter-Reay won the championship for the 2012 IndyCar Series season as well as the 2014 Indianapolis 500. DHL were the main title sponsor of the Jordan Formula One team during 2002. Since then, DHL has become a regular track-side sponsor at various races throughout each year, as well as becoming the 'Official Logistics Partner' of the sport. Since 2007, they also sponsor the DHL Fastest Lap Award for the driver that achieves the most fastest laps in a season.[39]
A Jordan Grand Prix Formula One car with a DHL paint scheme at the US Grand Prix at the Indianapolis track.
Manchester United Football Club announced them as their first training kit sponsor in August 2011, agreeing to a four-year deal with DHL reported to be worth £40 million; it is believed to be the first instance of training kit sponsorship in English football.[40][41] In 2014, FC Bayern Munich agreed to a six-year sponsorship deal with DHL.[42] In 2012, the company became the main sponsor of League of Ireland club Bohemian F.C.[43]
DHL is the current title sponsor of the South African Western Cape Rugby Union teams Western Province and the Stormers. This is came into effect on 1 January 2011 for a period of three years.[44] DHL are still the current sponsor for both teams as of the 2017/18 season.
For the 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race DHL was one of four race partners providing logistics for this event.[45][46]
In 2014, the company is sponsoring, with IMG Fashion, DHL Exported, which is aimed at "assisting designers who are already successful locally to gain momentum internationally".[47] DHL Exported will "sponsor a chosen designer for two consecutive seasons at" the Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week in New York, London Fashion Week, Milan Fashion Week or Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week Tokyo.[47] IMG Fashion "will accept applications from February 17 through April 2 at dhlexported.com".[47]
Expanding its support to various cultural endeavors, DHL signed as the Official Logistics partner for Cirque du Soleil. DHL transports up to 2,000 tonnes and 80 freight containers utilizing air, sea, and land to transport the equipment from one city to the next.[48]
In 2015 DHL became the main sponsor of Italian volleyball club Modena Volley, covering the whole men's SuperLega Italian championship and the CEV Champions League.[49]
DHL is a major sponsor of Surf Life Saving Australia.[50]
See also[edit]
Companies portal
DHL Balloon
Delivery Man Award (2005–2013)
DHL Fastest Lap Award
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Deutsche Post DHL - Ken Allen".
Jump up ^ "DHL" stands for Dalsey, Hillblom & Lynn, the surnames of the founders.
Jump up ^ DHL/DPAG. "DHL Divisions". Retrieved 2008-11-01.
Jump up ^ "Deutsche Post DHL: Kunde statt Chaos - manager magazin - Unternehmen". manager magazin. 22 July 2010.
Jump up ^ "Top 10 Unternehmen". 12 June 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Deutsche Post DHL Group - History". www.dpdhl.com.
^ Jump up to: a b "2016 Report" (PDF). DPHL. Deutsche Post AG. 8 March 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Burns, Justin (8 March 2017). "Revenue falls, but earnings and operating profit up at DHL". Air Cargo Week. Azura International. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Deutsche Post DHL reports "record earnings" for 2016". Post and Parcen. 8 March 2017. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Scurlock, James D. (2012). King Larry: The Life and Ruins of an American Billionaire Genius. New York: Scribner. ISBN 9781416589228.
Jump up ^ Services, From Times Wire (23 May 1995). "Larry Hillblom; Co-Founder of DHL Worldwide Express" – via LA Times.
Jump up ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20060821192350/http://www.dhl-usa.com/Company/CompanyInfo.asp?nav=companyInfo. Archived from the original on 2006-08-21. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ PlaneCrashInfo.com. "Information regarding the air accident". Retrieved 2015-08-10.
Jump up ^ AirDisaster.com. "Information regarding the air accident". Archived from the original on 2014-02-28. Retrieved 2015-08-10.
Jump up ^ Flight Safety. "DHL". Archived from the original on May 5, 2008. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
Jump up ^ "DHL expansion controversy leads to strike". Eurofound.europa.eu. 2004-10-27. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
Jump up ^ DHL. "DHL Global Press Release". Retrieved 2008-10-31.
Jump up ^ DHL. "DHL UK press release". Retrieved 2008-10-31.
Jump up ^ Flight Global (2008-01-28). "AeroLogic outlines launch and expansion plans". Retrieved 2008-10-31.
Jump up ^ DHL. "DHL to restructure U.S. express business". Archived from the original on 2008-11-21. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
Jump up ^ "UPS CEO says DHL deal could change". Cincinnati Business Courier.
Jump up ^ "Wnewsj.com". Archived from the original on 2011-07-18.
Jump up ^ "ALPA Calls Upon Congress to Hold New Hearings on DHL-UPS Deal". Reuters. 2008-10-23. Retrieved 2009-08-11.
Jump up ^ "Gulf Daily News » Local News » DHL official is mourned". gulf-daily-news.com.
^ Jump up to: a b Aaron Smith (2008-11-10). "DHL cuts 9,500 U.S. jobs". CNN. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
Jump up ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20081121135152/http://www.dhl-usa.com/about/pr/PRDetail.asp?nav=PressRoom%2FPressReleases&year=2008&seq=1246. Archived from the original on 2008-11-21. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ CNBC. "UPS, DHL Scrap Airlift Agreement Talks". Retrieved 2009-09-13.
Jump up ^ "Gov. Beshear Participates in Ribbon-Cutting for DHL's Global Hub in Northern Kentucky".
Jump up ^ DHL. "Cuba". Retrieved 2010-07-02.
^ Jump up to: a b DHL. "Korea". Retrieved 2010-07-02.
Jump up ^ Jong, Hwa Sun (May 12, 2012). "DHL office works well in Pyongyang". Pyongyang times. George Washington University. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "DHL Makes CNG Alternative Fuel of Choice in UAE". NGVGglobal.com. 24 March 2007. Retrieved 9 December 2012. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "DHL obtains court injunction". Victims of Animal Rights Extremism. Archived from the original on 2008-12-27. Retrieved 2008-10-31.
Jump up ^ "Deutsche Post DHL übernimmt StreetScooter GmbH". Deutsche Post DHL. Deutsche Post AG. 9 December 2014. Retrieved 26 March 2017. Deutsche Post DHL hat den Kaufvertrag für die StreetScooter GmbH unterzeichnet - ein ehemaliges Start-up aus dem Umfeld der RWTH Aachen mit dem Ziel, wirtschaftliche Elektroautos zu entwickeln. Mit der Übernahme der StreetScooter GmbH, die noch unter dem Vorbehalt der fusionskontrollrechtlichen Freigabe steht, übernimmt Deutsche Post DHL auch die Entwicklungs- und Produktionsrechte an den Fahrzeugen sowie die Mitarbeiter. Die StreetScooter GmbH ist ein Spin-Off der RWTH Aachen und als Konsortium aus rund 80 Industrieunternehmen der Automobilindustrie und verwandter Branchen gestartet. Es wurde 2010 gegründet und beschäftigt 70 Mitarbeiter. Seit 2013 sind in Aachen im ehemaligen Talbot-/Bombardierwerk rund 200 StreetScooter Fahrzeuge produziert worden.
Jump up ^ "Streetscooter - Der tausendste Elektro-Transporter der Post". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung GmbH. 23 August 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2017. Die Post will ihren gesamten Fuhrpark auf Elektro-Autos umstellen. Bis dahin dauert es noch. Einen wichtigen Schritt hat das Unternehmen nun aber gemacht.
Jump up ^ Weiss, Richard (24 March 2017). "Even Germany's Post Office Is Building an Electric Car". Bloomberg. Bloomberg. Retrieved 26 March 2017. When Deutsche Post AG couldn’t find a zero-emission delivery van that met its needs, it bought a startup and developed one.
Jump up ^ "Deutsche Post DHL makes its own electric delivery vans". DW. Deutsche Welle. 15 June 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2017. Provided its StreetScooters can be produced cheaply enough compared to the alternative of buying e-vans from established auto makers, the bottom line of the world's biggest delivery services company stands to benefit from producing its own delivery vehicles - whether or not it eventually adds profits from sales of e-vans to third parties.
Jump up ^ "2017 Deutsche Post AG Our GoGreen environmental protection program". DP DHL. Deutsche Post. 8 March 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017. By the year 2050 we want to reduce all logistics-related emissions to zero – a highly ambitious goal. To ensure progress towards the 2050 zero-emissions target, we have set four interim goals to be achieved by the year 2025.
Jump up ^ "DHL to sponsor Formula 1's fastest laps trophy". Brand Republic. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "DHL delivers new shirt deal". ManUtd.com. Manchester United. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
Jump up ^ "Manchester United unveils two new commercial deals". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
Jump up ^ "FCB and DHL announce partnership - FC Bayern München AG". FC Bayern München AG.
Jump up ^ "Bohs agree sponsorship deal with DHL - Extratime.ie - League of Ireland". Archived from the original on 2012-03-13.
Jump up ^ "DHL new sponsor for WP/ Stormers Rugby". The Stormers. Retrieved 2014-03-14.
Jump up ^ Volvo Ocean Race. "Volvo Ocean Race". Volvo Ocean Race.
Jump up ^ And AFC Champions league Official Timing and Logistics Partner
^ Jump up to: a b c Lockwood, Lisa (5 February 2014). "DHL, IMG Fashion Launch Program to Boost Designers". WWD. Retrieved 5 February 2014.
Jump up ^ DHL. "Partnerships: Cirque du Soleil." Retrieved June 20, 2016 from http://www.dhl.com/en/about_us/partnerships/music_and_arts/cirque_du_soleil.html
Jump up ^ Kennedy, Mike (2 October 2015). "Friday's Daily Deal round-up: Love, Raina and more". SportsProMedia. Retrieved 8 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Partners - Surf Life Saving". Surf Life Saving. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to DHL Express.
Official website
Major DHL Express feature on Global Aviation Resource
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values:
https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Afrikaans
af
af
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values: دي إتش إل إكسبريس – Arabic

values:
https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Belarusian
be
be
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values:
https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Chuvash
cv
cv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cv
display: none;

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: دی‌اچ‌ال – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Korean
ko
ko
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values:
https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Hebrew
he
he
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: ಡಿ.ಎಚ್.ಎಲ್ ಎಕ್ಸ್ಪ್ರೆಸ್ – Kannada

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kn
display: none;

values:
https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Kazakh
kk
kk
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values: डी.एच.एल. एक्सप्रेस – Marathi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: डी.एच.एल. एक्सप्रेस – Nepali

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ne
display: none;

values:
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Japanese
ja
ja
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Uzbek
uz
uz
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Russian
ru
ru
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values: ดีเอชแอล – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Cantonese
zh-yue
zh-yue
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DHL
DHL – Chinese
zh
zh
interlanguage-link-target

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