text:
Asia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation).
Asia
Area
44,579,000 km2 (17,212,000 sq mi) (1st)[1]
Population
4,462,676,731 (2016; 1st)[2]
Population density
100/km2 (260/sq mi)
GDP (nominal)
$28.23 trillion (2017; 1st)
GDP (PPP)
$56.62 trillion (2017; 1st)
GDP per capita
$6,690 (2017; 5th)[3]
Demonym
Asian
Countries
49 UN members,
1 UN observer, 5 other states
Dependencies
List[show]
Akrotiri and Dhekelia
British Indian Ocean Territory
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Hong Kong
Macau
Non-UN states
List[show]
Abkhazia
Artsakh
Northern Cyprus
South Ossetia
Taiwan
Languages
List of languages
Time zones
UTC+2 to UTC+12
Internet TLD
.asia
Largest cities
Metropolitan areas of Asia
List of cities in Asia
List[show]
Bangkok
Bangalore
Beijing
Busan
Chittagong
Delhi
Dhaka
Doha
Dubai
Guangzhou
Hanoi
Ho Chi Minh
Hong Kong
Istanbul
Jakarta
Karachi
Kolkata
Kuala Lumpur
Manila
Mumbai
Osaka
Pyongyang
Riyadh
Shanghai
Shenzhen
Singapore
Seoul
Taipei[4]
Tehran
Tokyo
Ulaanbaatar
Asia (/ˈeɪʒə, ˈeɪʃə/ ( listen)) is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres. It shares the continental landmass of Eurasia with the continent of Europe and the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with both Europe and Africa. Asia covers an area of 44,579,000 square kilometres (17,212,000 sq mi), about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population,[5] was the site of many of the first civilizations. Asia is notable for not only its overall large size and population, but also dense and large settlements, as well as vast barely populated regions. Its 4.5 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population.
In general terms, Asia is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. The border of Asia with Europe is a historical and cultural construct, as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them. It is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity. The division of Eurasia into two continents reflects East-West cultural, linguistic, and ethnic differences, some of which vary on a spectrum rather than with a sharp dividing line. The most commonly accepted boundaries place Asia to the east of the Suez Canal separating it from Africa; and to the east of the Turkish Straits, the Ural Mountains and Ural River, and to the south of the Caucasus Mountains and the Caspian and Black Seas, separating it from Europe.[6]
China and India alternated in being the largest economies in the world from 1 to 1800 CE. China was a major economic power and attracted many to the east,[7][8][9][10] and for many the legendary wealth and prosperity of the ancient culture of India personified Asia,[11] attracting European commerce, exploration and colonialism. The accidental discovery of a trans-Atlantic route from Europe to America by Columbus while in search for a route to India demonstrates this deep fascination. The Silk Road became the main East-West trading route in the Asian hinterlands while the Straits of Malacca stood as a major sea route. Asia has exhibited economic dynamism (particularly East Asia) as well as robust population growth during the 20th century, but overall population growth has since fallen.[12] Asia was the birthplace of most of the world's mainstream religions including Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Jainism, Sikhism, Zoroastrianism, as well as many other religions.
Given its size and diversity, the concept of Asia—a name dating back to classical antiquity—may actually have more to do with human geography than physical geography.[13] Asia varies greatly across and within its regions with regard to ethnic groups, cultures, environments, economics, historical ties and government systems. It also has a mix of many different climates ranging from the equatorial south via the hot desert in the Middle East, temperate areas in the east and the continental centre to vast subarctic and polar areas in Siberia.
Contents
[hide]
1 Definition and boundaries
1.1 Asia–Africa boundary
1.2 Asia–Europe boundary
1.3 Asia–Oceania boundary
1.4 Ongoing definition
2 Etymology
2.1 Bronze Age
2.2 Classical antiquity
3 History
4 Geography and climate
4.1 Main regions
4.2 Climate change
5 Economy
6 Tourism
7 Demographics
7.1 Languages
7.2 Religions
7.2.1 Abrahamic
7.2.2 Indian and East Asian religions
8 Modern conflicts
9 Culture
9.1 Nobel prizes
10 Political geography
11 See also
12 References
13 Bibliography
14 Further reading
15 External links
Definition and boundaries
Further information on Asian borders: Geography of Asia § Boundary, Boundaries between continents, List of transcontinental countries § Asia and Europe, and Copenhagen criteria
Asia–Africa boundary
The boundary between Asia and Africa is the Red Sea, the Gulf of Suez, and the Suez Canal.[citation needed] This makes Egypt a transcontinental country, with the Sinai peninsula in Asia and the remainder of the country in Africa.
Asia–Europe boundary
Statue representing Asia at Palazzo Ferreria, in Valletta, Malta
The border between Asia and Europe was historically defined by European academics.[14] The Don River became unsatisfactory to northern Europeans when Peter the Great, king of the Tsardom of Russia, defeating rival claims of Sweden and the Ottoman Empire to the eastern lands, and armed resistance by the tribes of Siberia, synthesized a new Russian Empire extending to the Ural Mountains and beyond, founded in 1721. The major geographical theorist of the empire was actually a former Swedish prisoner-of-war, taken at the Battle of Poltava in 1709 and assigned to Tobolsk, where he associated with Peter's Siberian official, Vasily Tatishchev, and was allowed freedom to conduct geographical and anthropological studies in preparation for a future book.[citation needed]
In Sweden, five years after Peter's death, in 1730 Philip Johan von Strahlenberg published a new atlas proposing the Urals as the border of Asia. The Russians were enthusiastic about the concept, which allowed them to keep their European identity in geography. Tatishchev announced that he had proposed the idea to von Strahlenberg. The latter had suggested the Emba River as the lower boundary. Over the next century various proposals were made until the Ural River prevailed in the mid-19th century. The border had been moved perforce from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea into which the Ural River projects.[15] The border between the Black Sea and the Caspian is usually placed along the crest of the Caucasus Mountains, although it is sometimes placed further north.[14]
Asia–Oceania boundary
The border between Asia and the region of Oceania is usually placed somewhere in the Malay Archipelago. The Maluku Islands in Indonesia are often considered to lie on the border of southeast Asia, with New Guinea, to the east of the islands, being wholly part of Oceania. The terms Southeast Asia and Oceania, devised in the 19th century, have had several vastly different geographic meanings since their inception. The chief factor in determining which islands of the Malay Archipelago are Asian has been the location of the colonial possessions of the various empires there (not all European). Lewis and Wigen assert, "The narrowing of 'Southeast Asia' to its present boundaries was thus a gradual process."[16]
Ongoing definition
Afro-Eurasia shown in green
Geographical Asia is a cultural artifact of European conceptions of the world, beginning with the Ancient Greeks, being imposed onto other cultures, an imprecise concept causing endemic contention about what it means. Asia is larger and more culturally diverse than Europe.[17] It does not exactly correspond to the cultural borders of its various types of constituents.[18]
From the time of Herodotus a minority of geographers have rejected the three-continent system (Europe, Africa, Asia) on the grounds that there is no or is no substantial physical separation between them.[13] For example, Sir Barry Cunliffe, the emeritus professor of European archeology at Oxford, argues that Europe has been geographically and culturally merely "the western excrescence of the continent of Asia".[19]
Geographically, Asia is the major eastern constituent of the continent of Eurasia with Europe being a northwestern peninsula of the landmass. Asia, Europe and Africa make up a single continuous landmass – Afro-Eurasia (except for the Suez Canal) – and share a common continental shelf. Almost all of Europe and the better part of Asia sit atop the Eurasian Plate, adjoined on the south by the Arabian and Indian Plate and with the easternmost part of Siberia (east of the Chersky Range) on the North American Plate.
Etymology
Ptolemy's Asia
The English name "Asia" was originally a concept of Greek civilization.[20] The place name "Asia" in various forms in a large number of modern languages is of unknown ultimate provenience. Its etymology and language of origin are uncertain. It appears to be one of the most ancient of recorded names. A number of theories have been published. English Asia can be traced through the formation of English literature to Latin literature, where it has the same form, Asia. Whether all uses and all forms of the name derive also from the Latin of the Roman Empire is much less certain. One of the first classical writers to use Asia as a name of the whole continent was Pliny.[21] This metonymical change in meaning is common and can be observed in some other geographical names, such as Skandinavia (from Scania).
Bronze Age
Before Greek poetry, the Aegean Sea area was in a Greek Dark Age, at the beginning of which syllabic writing was lost and alphabetic writing had not begun. Prior to then in the Bronze Age the records of the Assyrian Empire, the Hittite Empire and the various Mycenaean states of Greece mention a region undoubtedly Asia, certainly in Anatolia, including if not identical to Lydia. These records are administrative and do not include poetry.
The Mycenaean states were destroyed about 1200 BCE by unknown agents although one school of thought assigns the Dorian invasion to this time. The burning of the palaces baked clay diurnal administrative records written in a Greek syllabic script called Linear B, deciphered by a number of interested parties, most notably by a young World War II cryptographer, Michael Ventris, subsequently assisted by the scholar, John Chadwick. A major cache discovered by Carl Blegen at the site of ancient Pylos included hundreds of male and female names formed by different methods.
Some of these are of women held in servitude (as study of the society implied by the content reveals). They were used in trades, such as cloth-making, and usually came with children. The epithet lawiaiai, "captives", associated with some of them identifies their origin. Some are ethnic names. One in particular, aswiai, identifies "women of Asia".[22] Perhaps they were captured in Asia, but some others, Milatiai, appear to have been of Miletus, a Greek colony, which would not have been raided for slaves by Greeks. Chadwick suggests that the names record the locations where these foreign women were purchased.[23] The name is also in the singular, Aswia, which refers both to the name of a country and to a female of it. There is a masculine form, aswios. This Aswia appears to have been a remnant of a region known to the Hittites as Assuwa, centered on Lydia, or "Roman Asia". This name, Assuwa, has been suggested as the origin for the name of the continent "Asia".[24] The Assuwa league was a confederation of states in western Anatolia, defeated by the Hittites under Tudhaliya I around 1400 BCE.
Alternatively, the etymology of the term may be from the Akkadian word (w)aṣû(m), which means 'to go outside' or 'to ascend', referring to the direction of the sun at sunrise in the Middle East and also likely connected with the Phoenician word asa meaning east. This may be contrasted to a similar etymology proposed for Europe, as being from Akkadian erēbu(m) 'to enter' or 'set' (of the sun).
T. R. Reid supports this alternative etymology, noting that the ancient Greek name must have derived from asu, meaning 'east' in Assyrian (ereb for Europe meaning 'west').[20] The ideas of Occidental (form Latin Occidens 'setting') and Oriental (from Latin Oriens for 'rising') are also European invention, synonymous with Western and Eastern.[20] Reid further emphasizes that it explains the Western point of view of placing all the peoples and cultures of Asia into a single classification, almost as if there were a need for setting the distinction between Western and Eastern civilizations on the Eurasian continent.[20] Ogura Kazuo and Tenshin Okakura are two outspoken Japanese figures on the subject.[20]
Classical antiquity
The province of Asia highlighted (in red) within the Roman Empire.
Latin Asia and Greek Ἀσία appear to be the same word. Roman authors translated Ἀσία as Asia. The Romans named a province Asia, located in western Anatolia (in modern-day Turkey). There was an Asia Minor and an Asia Major located in modern-day Iraq. As the earliest evidence of the name is Greek, it is likely circumstantially that Asia came from Ἀσία, but ancient transitions, due to the lack of literary contexts, are difficult to catch in the act. The most likely vehicles were the ancient geographers and historians, such as Herodotus, who were all Greek. Ancient Greek certainly evidences early and rich uses of the name.[25]
The first continental use of Asia is attributed to Herodotus (about 440 BCE), not because he innovated it, but because his Histories are the earliest surviving prose to describe it in any detail. He defines it carefully,[26] mentioning the previous geographers whom he had read, but whose works are now missing. By it he means Anatolia and the Persian Empire, in contrast to Greece and Egypt.
Herodotus comments that he is puzzled as to why three women's names were "given to a tract which is in reality one" (Europa, Asia, and Libya, referring to Africa), stating that most Greeks assumed that Asia was named after the wife of Prometheus (i.e. Hesione), but that the Lydians say it was named after Asies, son of Cotys, who passed the name on to a tribe at Sardis.[27] In Greek mythology, "Asia" (Ἀσία) or "Asie" (Ἀσίη) was the name of a "Nymph or Titan goddess of Lydia".[28]
In ancient Greek religion, places were under the care of female divinities, parallel to guardian angels. The poets detailed their doings and generations in allegoric language salted with entertaining stories, which subsequently playwrights transformed into classical Greek drama and became "Greek mythology". For example, Hesiod mentions the daughters of Tethys and Ocean, among whom are a "holy company", "who with the Lord Apollo and the Rivers have youths in their keeping".[29] Many of these are geographic: Doris, Rhodea, Europa, Asia. Hesiod explains:[30]
For there are three-thousand neat-ankled daughters of Ocean who are dispersed far and wide, and in every place alike serve the earth and the deep waters.
The Iliad (attributed by the ancient Greeks to Homer) mentions two Phrygians (the tribe that replaced the Luvians in Lydia) in the Trojan War named Asios (an adjective meaning "Asian");[31] and also a marsh or lowland containing a marsh in Lydia as ασιος.[32]
History
Main article: History of Asia
The Silk Road connected civilizations across Asia[33]
The history of Asia can be seen as the distinct histories of several peripheral coastal regions: East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia and the Middle East, linked by the interior mass of the Central Asian steppes.
The coastal periphery was home to some of the world's earliest known civilizations, each of them developing around fertile river valleys. The civilizations in Mesopotamia, the Indus Valley and the Yellow River shared many similarities. These civilizations may well have exchanged technologies and ideas such as mathematics and the wheel. Other innovations, such as writing, seem to have been developed individually in each area. Cities, states and empires developed in these lowlands.
The central steppe region had long been inhabited by horse-mounted nomads who could reach all areas of Asia from the steppes. The earliest postulated expansion out of the steppe is that of the Indo-Europeans, who spread their languages into the Middle East, South Asia, and the borders of China, where the Tocharians resided. The northernmost part of Asia, including much of Siberia, was largely inaccessible to the steppe nomads, owing to the dense forests, climate and tundra. These areas remained very sparsely populated.
The center and the peripheries were mostly kept separated by mountains and deserts. The Caucasus and Himalaya mountains and the Karakum and Gobi deserts formed barriers that the steppe horsemen could cross only with difficulty. While the urban city dwellers were more advanced technologically and socially, in many cases they could do little in a military aspect to defend against the mounted hordes of the steppe. However, the lowlands did not have enough open grasslands to support a large horsebound force; for this and other reasons, the nomads who conquered states in China, India, and the Middle East often found themselves adapting to the local, more affluent societies.
The Islamic Caliphate took over the Middle East and Central Asia during the Muslim conquests of the 7th century. The Mongol Empire conquered a large part of Asia in the 13th century, an area extending from China to Europe. Before the Mongol invasion, Song dynasty reportedly had approximately 120 million citizens; the 1300 census which followed the invasion reported roughly 60 million people.[34]
The Black Death, one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, is thought to have originated in the arid plains of central Asia, where it then travelled along the Silk Road.[35]
The Russian Empire began to expand into Asia from the 17th century, and would eventually take control of all of Siberia and most of Central Asia by the end of the 19th century. The Ottoman Empire controlled Anatolia, most of the Middle East, North Africa and the Balkans from the mid 16th century onwards. In the 17th century, the Manchu conquered China and established the Qing dynasty. The Islamic Mughal Empire and the Hindu Maratha Empire controlled much of India in the 16th and 18th centuries respectively.[36]
Map of western, southern, and central Asia in 1885[37]
The map of Asia in 1796, which also included the continent of Australia (then known as New Holland).
1890 map of Asia
Geography and climate
Main articles: Geography of Asia and Climate of Asia
See also: Category:Biota of Asia
The Himalayan range is home to some of the planet's highest peaks.
Asia is the largest continent on Earth. It covers 9% of the Earth's total surface area (or 30% of its land area), and has the largest coastline, at 62,800 kilometres (39,022 mi). Asia is generally defined as comprising the eastern four-fifths of Eurasia. It is located to the east of the Suez Canal and the Ural Mountains, and south of the Caucasus Mountains (or the Kuma–Manych Depression) and the Caspian and Black Seas.[6][38] It is bounded on the east by the Pacific Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean and on the north by the Arctic Ocean. Asia is subdivided into 48 countries, three of them (Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey) having part of their land in Europe.
Asia has extremely diverse climates and geographic features. Climates range from arctic and subarctic in Siberia to tropical in southern India and Southeast Asia. It is moist across southeast sections, and dry across much of the interior. Some of the largest daily temperature ranges on Earth occur in western sections of Asia. The monsoon circulation dominates across southern and eastern sections, due to the presence of the Himalayas forcing the formation of a thermal low which draws in moisture during the summer. Southwestern sections of the continent are hot. Siberia is one of the coldest places in the Northern Hemisphere, and can act as a source of arctic air masses for North America. The most active place on Earth for tropical cyclone activity lies northeast of the Philippines and south of Japan. The Gobi Desert is in Mongolia and the Arabian Desert stretches across much of the Middle East. The Yangtze River in China is the longest river in the continent. The Himalayas between Nepal and China is the tallest mountain range in the world. Tropical rainforests stretch across much of southern Asia and coniferous and deciduous forests lie farther north.
Kerala backwaters
Mongolian steppe
South China Karst
Altai Mountains
Hunza Valley
Main regions
North Asia (Siberia)
East Asia (Far East)
West Asia (Middle East or Near East)
Central Asia
South Asia (Indian subcontinent)
Southeast Asia (Indochina and East Indies)
Climate change
A survey carried out in 2010 by global risk analysis farm Maplecroft identified 16 countries that are extremely vulnerable to climate change. Each nation's vulnerability was calculated using 42 socio, economic and environmental indicators, which identified the likely climate change impacts during the next 30 years. The Asian countries of Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, Thailand, Pakistan and Sri Lanka were among the 16 countries facing extreme risk from climate change. Some shifts are already occurring. For example, in tropical parts of India with a semi-arid climate, the temperature increased by 0.4 °C between 1901 and 2003. A 2013 study by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) aimed to find science-based, pro-poor approaches and techniques that would enable Asia's agricultural systems to cope with climate change, while benefitting poor and vulnerable farmers. The study's recommendations ranged from improving the use of climate information in local planning and strengthening weather-based agro-advisory services, to stimulating diversification of rural household incomes and providing incentives to farmers to adopt natural resource conservation measures to enhance forest cover, replenish groundwater and use renewable energy.[39]
Economy
Main articles: Economy of Asia, List of Asian countries by GDP, List of countries in Asia-Pacific by GDP (nominal), and List of Asian and Pacific countries by GDP (PPP)
Singapore has one of the busiest ports in the world and is the world's fourth largest foreign exchange trading center.
Rank
Country
GDP (PPP, Peak Year)
millions of USD
Peak Year
1 China 25,238,563 2018
2 India 10,385,432 2018
3 Japan 5,619,492 2018
4 Russia 4,168,884 2018
5 Indonesia 3,492,208 2018
6 Turkey 2,320,641 2018
7 South Korea 2,138,242 2018
8 Saudi Arabia 1,844,751 2018
9 Iran 1,749,428 2018
10 Thailand 1,310,573 2018
Rank
Country
GDP (nominal, Peak Year)
millions of USD
Peak Year
1 China 14,092,514 2018
2 Japan 6,203,213 2012
3 India 2,848,231 2018
4 Russia 2,297,125 2013
5 South Korea 1,693,246 2018
6 Indonesia 1,074,966 2018
7 Turkey 950,328 2013
8 Saudi Arabia 756,350 2014
9 Taiwan 613,295 2018
10 Iran 577,214 2011
Asia has the second largest nominal GDP of all continents, after Europe, but the largest when measured in purchasing power parity (PPP). As of 2011, the largest economies in Asia are China, Japan, India, South Korea and Indonesia based on GDP in both nominal and PPP.[40] Based on Global Office Locations 2011, Asia dominated the office locations with 4 of the top 5 being in Asia: Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo, Seoul and Shanghai. Around 68 percent of international firms have office in Hong Kong.[41]
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the economies of China[42] and India have been growing rapidly, both with an average annual growth rate of more than 8%. Other recent very-high-growth nations in Asia include Israel, Malaysia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Thailand, Vietnam, Mongolia, Uzbekistan, Cyprus and the Philippines, and mineral-rich nations such as Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, Brunei, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Oman.
According to economic historian Angus Maddison in his book The World Economy: A Millennial Perspective, India had the world's largest economy during 0 BCE and 1000 BCE.[43][44] China was the largest and most advanced economy on earth for much of recorded history,[45][46][47][48] until the British Empire (excluding India) overtook it in the mid-19th century. For several decades in the late twentieth century Japan was the largest economy in Asia and second-largest of any single nation in the world, after surpassing the Soviet Union (measured in net material product) in 1986 and Germany in 1968. (NB: A number of supernational economies are larger, such as the European Union (EU), the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or APEC). This ended in 2010 when China overtook Japan to become the world's second largest economy.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Japan's GDP was almost as large (current exchange rate method) as that of the rest of Asia combined.[citation needed] In 1995, Japan's economy nearly equaled that of the US as the largest economy in the world for a day, after the Japanese currency reached a record high of 79 yen/US$. Economic growth in Asia since World War II to the 1990s had been concentrated in Japan as well as the four regions of South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore located in the Pacific Rim, known as the Asian tigers, which have now all received developed country status, having the highest GDP per capita in Asia.[49]
Mumbai is one of the most populous cities on the continent. The city is an infrastructure and tourism hub, and plays a crucial role in the Economy of India.
It is forecasted that India will overtake Japan in terms of nominal GDP by 2020.[50] By 2027, according to Goldman Sachs, China will have the largest economy in the world. Several trade blocs exist, with the most developed being the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
Asia is the largest continent in the world by a considerable margin, and it is rich in natural resources, such as petroleum, forests, fish, water, rice, copper and silver. Manufacturing in Asia has traditionally been strongest in East and Southeast Asia, particularly in China, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, India, the Philippines, and Singapore. Japan and South Korea continue to dominate in the area of multinational corporations, but increasingly the PRC and India are making significant inroads. Many companies from Europe, North America, South Korea and Japan have operations in Asia's developing countries to take advantage of its abundant supply of cheap labour and relatively developed infrastructure.
According to Citigroup 9 of 11 Global Growth Generators countries came from Asia driven by population and income growth. They are Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Mongolia, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Vietnam.[51] Asia has four main financial centers: Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore and Shanghai. Call centers and business process outsourcing (BPOs) are becoming major employers in India and the Philippines due to the availability of a large pool of highly skilled, English-speaking workers. The increased use of outsourcing has assisted the rise of India and the China as financial centers. Due to its large and extremely competitive information technology industry, India has become a major hub for outsourcing.
In 2010, Asia had 3.3 million millionaires (people with net worth over US$1 million excluding their homes), slightly below North America with 3.4 million millionaires. Last year Asia had toppled Europe.[52] Citigroup in The Wealth Report 2012 stated that Asian centa-millionaire overtook North America's wealth for the first time as the world's "economic center of gravity" continued moving east. At the end of 2011, there were 18,000 Asian people mainly in Southeast Asia, China and Japan who have at least $100 million in disposable assets, while North America with 17,000 people and Western Europe with 14,000 people.[53]
Tourism
Wat Phra Kaeo in the Grand Palace is among Bangkok's major tourist attractions.
With growing Regional Tourism with domination of Chinese visitors, MasterCard has released Global Destination Cities Index 2013 with 10 of 20 are dominated by Asia and Pacific Region Cities and also for the first time a city of a country from Asia (Bangkok) set in the top-ranked with 15.98 international visitors.[54]
Demographics
Main article: Demographics of Asia
Historical populations
Year
Pop.
±%
1500
243,000,000 —
1700
436,000,000 +79.4%
1900
947,000,000 +117.2%
1950
1,402,000,000 +48.0%
1999
3,634,000,000 +159.2%
2016
4,462,676,731 +22.8%
Source: "UN report 2004 data" (PDF).
The figure for 2016 is provided by the 2017 revision of the World Population Prospects[2].
Graph showing population by continent as a percentage of world population (1750–2005)
East Asia had by far the strongest overall Human Development Index (HDI) improvement of any region in the world, nearly doubling average HDI attainment over the past 40 years, according to the report's analysis of health, education and income data. China, the second highest achiever in the world in terms of HDI improvement since 1970, is the only country on the "Top 10 Movers" list due to income rather than health or education achievements. Its per capita income increased a stunning 21-fold over the last four decades, also lifting hundreds of millions out of income poverty. Yet it was not among the region's top performers in improving school enrollment and life expectancy.[55]
Nepal, a South Asian country, emerges as one of the world's fastest movers since 1970 mainly due to health and education achievements. Its present life expectancy is 25 years longer than in the 1970s. More than four of every five children of school age in Nepal now attend primary school, compared to just one in five 40 years ago.[55]
Japan and South Korea ranked highest among the countries grouped on the HDI (number 11 and 12 in the world, which are in the "very high human development" category), followed by Hong Kong (21) and Singapore (27). Afghanistan (155) ranked lowest amongst Asian countries out of the 169 countries assessed.[55]
Languages
Main article: Languages of Asia
Asia is home to several language families and many language isolates. Most Asian countries have more than one language that is natively spoken. For instance, according to Ethnologue, more than 600 languages are spoken in Indonesia, more than 800 languages spoken in India, and more than 100 are spoken in the Philippines. China has many languages and dialects in different provinces.
Religions
See also: Eastern philosophy, Religion in Asia, and List of Asian mythologies
The Western Wall and the Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem
Pilgrims in the annual Hajj at the Kaabah in Mecca.
The hindu Meenakshi temple in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Spring Temple Buddha in Lushan County, Henan, China is the world's tallest statue.
Many of the world's major religions have their origins in Asia, including the five most practiced in the world (excluding irreligion), which are Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Chinese folk religion (classified as Confucianism and Taoism), and Buddhism respectively. Asian mythology is complex and diverse. The story of the Great Flood for example, as presented to Jews in the Hebrew Bible in the narrative of Noah—and later to Christians in the Old Testament, and to Muslims in the Quran—is earliest found in Mesopotamian mythology, in the Enûma Eliš and Epic of Gilgamesh. Hindu mythology similarly tells about an avatar of Vishnu in the form of a fish who warned Manu of a terrible flood. Ancient Chinese mythology also tells of a Great Flood spanning generations, one that required the combined efforts of emperors and divinities to control.
Abrahamic
The Abrahamic religions including Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Bahá'í Faith originated in West Asia.
Judaism, the oldest of the Abrahamic faiths, is practiced primarily in Israel, the indigenous homeland and historical birthplace of the Hebrew nation: which today consists both of those Israelites who remained in Asia/North Africa and those who returned from diaspora in Europe, North America, and other regions;[56] though various diaspora communities persist worldwide. Jews are the predominant ethnic group in Israel (75.6%) numbering at about 6.1 million,[57] although the levels of adherence to Jewish religion vary. Outside of Israel there are small ancient Jewish communities in Turkey (17,400),[58] Azerbaijan (9,100),[59] Iran (8,756),[60] India (5,000) and Uzbekistan (4,000),[61], among many other places. In total, there are 14.4–17.5 million (2016, est.)[62] Jews alive in the world today, making them one of the smallest Asian minorities, at roughly 0.3 to 0.4 percent of the total population of the continent.
Christianity is a widespread religion in Asia with more than 286 million adherents according to Pew Research Center in 2010,[63] and nearly 364 million according to Britannica Book of the Year 2014.[64] Constituting around 12.6% of the total population of Asia. In the Philippines and East Timor, Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion; it was introduced by the Spaniards and the Portuguese, respectively. In Armenia, Cyprus, Georgia and Asian Russia, Eastern Orthodoxy is the predominant religion. In the Middle East, such as in the Levant, Syriac Christianity (Church of the East) and Oriental Orthodoxy are prevalent minority denominations, which are both Eastern Christian sects mainly adhered to Assyrian people or Syriac Christians. Saint Thomas Christians in India trace their origins to the evangelistic activity of Thomas the Apostle in the 1st century.[65]
Islam, which originated in Saudi Arabia, is the second largest and most widely spread religion in Asia with at least 1 billion Muslims constituting around 23.8% of the total population of Asia.[66] With 12.7% of the world Muslim population, the country currently with the largest Muslim population in the world is Indonesia, followed by Pakistan(11.5%), India(10%), Bangladesh, Iran and Turkey. Mecca, Medina and to a lesser extent Jerusalem are the holiest cities for Islam in all the world. These religious sites attract large numbers of devotees from all over the world, particularly during the Hajj and Umrah seasons. Iran is the largest Shi'a country.
The Bahá'í Faith originated in Asia, in Iran (Persia), and spread from there to the Ottoman Empire, Central Asia, India, and Burma during the lifetime of Bahá'u'lláh. Since the middle of the 20th century, growth has particularly occurred in other Asian countries, because Bahá'í activities in many Muslim countries has been severely suppressed by authorities. Lotus Temple is a big Baha'i Temple in India.
Indian and East Asian religions
The Swaminarayan Akshardham Temple in Delhi, according to the Guinness World Records is the World's Largest Comprehensive Hindu Temple[67]
Almost all Asian religions have philosophical character and Asian philosophical traditions cover a large spectrum of philosophical thoughts and writings. Indian philosophy includes Hindu philosophy and Buddhist philosophy. They include elements of nonmaterial pursuits, whereas another school of thought from India, Cārvāka, preached the enjoyment of the material world. The religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism originated in India, South Asia. In East Asia, particularly in China and Japan, Confucianism, Taoism and Zen Buddhism took shape.
As of 2012, Hinduism has around 1.1 billion adherents. The faith represents around 25% of Asia's population and is the largest religion in Asia. However, it is mostly concentrated in South Asia. Over 80% of the populations of both India and Nepal adhere to Hinduism, alongside significant communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Bali, Indonesia. Many overseas Indians in countries such as Burma, Singapore and Malaysia also adhere to Hinduism.
Buddhism has a great following in mainland Southeast Asia and East Asia. Buddhism is the religion of the majority of the populations of Cambodia (96%),[68] Thailand (95%),[69] Burma (80–89%),[70] Japan (36–96%),[71] Bhutan (75–84%),[72] Sri Lanka (70%),[73] Laos (60–67%)[74] and Mongolia (53–93%).[75] Large Buddhist populations also exist in Singapore (33–51%),[76] Taiwan (35–93%),[77][78][79][80] South Korea (23–50%),[81] Malaysia (19–21%),[82] Nepal (9–11%),[83] Vietnam (10–75%),[84] China (20–50%),[85] North Korea (2–14%),[86][87][88] and small communities in India and Bangladesh. In many Chinese communities, Mahayana Buddhism is easily syncretized with Taoism, thus exact religious statistics is difficult to obtain and may be understated or overstated. The Communist-governed countries of China, Vietnam and North Korea are officially atheist, thus the number of Buddhists and other religious adherents may be under-reported.
Jainism is found mainly in India and in oversea Indian communities such as the United States and Malaysia. Sikhism is found in Northern India and amongst overseas Indian communities in other parts of Asia, especially Southeast Asia. Confucianism is found predominantly in Mainland China, South Korea, Taiwan and in overseas Chinese populations. Taoism is found mainly in Mainland China, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore. Taoism is easily syncretized with Mahayana Buddhism for many Chinese, thus exact religious statistics is difficult to obtain and may be understated or overstated.
Jews praying at Western Wall, Jerusalem, Israel
Japanese wedding at the Meiji Shrine
Hindu festival celebrated by Singapore's Tamil community
Orthodox cross procession in Novosibirsk
Catholic procession of the Black Nazarene in Manila
Muslim men praying in Turkey
The Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch of the Entrance of the Theotokos in Hama, Syria
The Monastery of St. Matthew, located atop Mount Alfaf in northern Iraq, is recognized as one of the oldest Christian monasteries in existence.
Cathedral of Saint Ephrem in Aleppo, Syria
The Church of São António de Motael, Dili
Maronite Church of Saidet et Tallé in Deir el Qamar, Lebanon
Modern conflicts
US forces drop Napalm on suspected Viet Cong positions in 1965
Wounded civilians arrive at a hospital in Aleppo during the Syrian Civil War, October 2012
Some of the events pivotal in the Asia territory related to the relationship with the outside world in the post-Second World War were:
The Chinese Civil War
The Kashmir conflict
The Insurgency in Northeast India
The Korean War
The French-Indochina War
The Vietnam War
The Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
The Sino-Vietnamese War
The Bangladesh Liberation War
The Yom Kippur War
The Iranian Revolution
The Soviet war in Afghanistan
The Iran–Iraq War
The Indonesian occupation of East Timor
The Cambodian Killing Fields
The Insurgency in Laos
The Lebanese Civil War
The Sri Lankan Civil War
The Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The Gulf War
The Nepalese Civil War
The India-Pakistan Wars
The Nagorno-Karabakh War
The War in Afghanistan
The Iraq War
The 2006 Thai coup d'état
The Burmese Civil War
The Saffron Revolution
The Arab Spring
The Arab–Israeli conflict
The Syrian Civil War
The Sino-Indian War
The 2014 Thai coup d'état
The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
Culture
This section needs expansion with: More information about general cultural topics other than Nobel prizes. You can help by adding to it. (June 2011)
Main article: Culture of Asia
Nobel prizes
Bengali polymath Rabindranath Tagore was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1913, and became Asia's first Nobel laureate
The polymath Rabindranath Tagore, a Bengali poet, dramatist, and writer from Santiniketan, now in West Bengal, India, became in 1913 the first Asian Nobel laureate. He won his Nobel Prize in Literature for notable impact his prose works and poetic thought had on English, French, and other national literatures of Europe and the Americas. He is also the writer of the national anthems of Bangladesh and India.
Other Asian writers who won Nobel Prize for literature include Yasunari Kawabata (Japan, 1968), Kenzaburō Ōe (Japan, 1994), Gao Xingjian (China, 2000), Orhan Pamuk (Turkey, 2006), and Mo Yan (China, 2012). Some may consider the American writer, Pearl S. Buck, an honorary Asian Nobel laureate, having spent considerable time in China as the daughter of missionaries, and based many of her novels, namely The Good Earth (1931) and The Mother (1933), as well as the biographies of her parents of their time in China, The Exile and Fighting Angel, all of which earned her the Literature prize in 1938.
Also, Mother Teresa of India and Shirin Ebadi of Iran were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their significant and pioneering efforts for democracy and human rights, especially for the rights of women and children. Ebadi is the first Iranian and the first Muslim woman to receive the prize. Another Nobel Peace Prize winner is Aung San Suu Kyi from Burma for her peaceful and non-violent struggle under a military dictatorship in Burma. She is a nonviolent pro-democracy activist and leader of the National League for Democracy in Burma (Myanmar) and a noted prisoner of conscience. She is a Buddhist and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991. Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for "his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China" on 8 October 2010. He is the first Chinese citizen to be awarded a Nobel Prize of any kind while residing in China. In 2014, Kailash Satyarthi from India and Malala Yousafzai from Pakistan were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education".
Sir C. V. Raman is the first Asian to get a Nobel prize in Sciences. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him".
Japan has won the most Nobel Prizes of any Asian nation with 24 followed by India which has won 13.
Amartya Sen, (born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist who was awarded the 1998 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions to welfare economics and social choice theory, and for his interest in the problems of society's poorest members.
Other Asian Nobel Prize winners include Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Abdus Salam, Malala Yousafzai, Robert Aumann, Menachem Begin, Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Daniel Kahneman, Shimon Peres, Yitzhak Rabin, Ada Yonath, Yasser Arafat, José Ramos-Horta and Bishop Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo of Timor Leste, Kim Dae-jung, and 13 Japanese scientists. Most of the said awardees are from Japan and Israel except for Chandrasekhar and Raman (India), Abdus Salam and Malala yousafzai, (Pakistan), Arafat (Palestinian Territories), Kim (South Korea), and Horta and Belo (Timor Leste).
In 2006, Dr. Muhammad Yunus of Bangladesh was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the establishment of Grameen Bank, a community development bank that lends money to poor people, especially women in Bangladesh. Dr. Yunus received his PhD in economics from Vanderbilt University, United States. He is internationally known for the concept of micro credit which allows poor and destitute people with little or no collateral to borrow money. The borrowers typically pay back money within the specified period and the incidence of default is very low.
The Dalai Lama has received approximately eighty-four awards over his spiritual and political career.[89] On 22 June 2006, he became one of only four people ever to be recognized with Honorary Citizenship by the Governor General of Canada. On 28 May 2005, he received the Christmas Humphreys Award from the Buddhist Society in the United Kingdom. Most notable was the Nobel Peace Prize, presented in Oslo, Norway on 10 December 1989.
Political geography
Main article: Politics of Asia
See also: List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia
From 1841 to 1997, Hong Kong was a British colony.
Iran
China
Saudi
Arabia
Japan
Kazakhstan
India
Mongolia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Vietnam
Singapore
South Korea
North Korea
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Thailand
Laos
Cambodia
East Timor
Brunei
Myanmar
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Nepal
Taiwan
Uzbekistan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Oman
Yemen
UAE
Qat.
Bah.
Kuw.
Iraq
Jordan
Israel
Syria
Turkey
Georgia
Azer.
Armenia
Cyp.
Egypt
Maldives
Sri Lanka
Russia
H.K.
Macau
Flag
Name
Population[2]
(2016)
Area
(km²)
Capital
Afghanistan 34,656,032 647,500 Kabul
Armenia 2,924,816 29,743 Yerevan
Azerbaijan[90] 9,725,376 86,600 Baku
Bahrain 1,425,171 760 Manama
Bangladesh 162,951,560 147,570 Dhaka
Bhutan 797,765 38,394 Thimphu
Brunei 423,196 5,765 Bandar Seri Begawan
Cambodia 15,762,370 181,035 Phnom Penh
China (PRC) 1,403,500,365 9,596,961 Beijing
Cyprus 1,170,125 9,251 Nicosia
East Timor 1,268,671 14,874 Dili
Egypt[90] 95,688,681 1,010,408 Cairo
Georgia[90] 3,925,405 69,700 Tbilisi
India 1,324,171,354 3,287,263 New Delhi
Indonesia[90] 261,115,456 1,904,569 Jakarta
Iran 80,277,428 1,648,195 Tehran
Iraq 37,202,572 438,317 Baghdad
Israel 8,191,828 20,770 Jerusalem (disputed)
Japan 127,748,513 377,915 Tokyo
Jordan 9,455,802 89,342 Amman
Kazakhstan[90] 17,987,736 2,724,900 Astana
Kuwait 4,052,584 17,818 Kuwait City
Kyrgyzstan 5,955,734 199,951 Bishkek
Laos 6,758,353 236,800 Vientiane
Lebanon 6,006,668 10,400 Beirut
Malaysia 31,187,265 329,847 Kuala Lumpur
Maldives 427,756 298 Malé
Mongolia 3,027,398 1,564,116 Ulaanbaatar
Myanmar 52,885,223 676,578 Naypyidaw
Nepal 28,982,771 147,181 Kathmandu
North Korea 25,368,620 120,538 Pyongyang
Oman 4,424,762 309,500 Muscat
Pakistan 211,103,000 796,095 Islamabad
Palestine 4,790,705 6,220 Ramallah
(Jerusalem) (claimed)
Philippines 103,320,222 343,448 Manila
Qatar 2,569,804 11,586 Doha
Russia[90] 143,964,513 17,098,242 Moscow
Saudi Arabia 32,275,687 2,149,690 Riyadh
Singapore 5,622,455 697 Singapore
South Korea 50,791,919 100,210 Seoul
Sri Lanka 20,798,492 65,610 Colombo
Syria 18,430,453 185,180 Damascus
Taiwan (ROC) 23,556,706 36,193 Taipei
Tajikistan 8,734,951 143,100 Dushanbe
Thailand 68,863,514 513,120 Bangkok
Turkey[91] 79,512,426 783,562 Ankara
Turkmenistan 5,662,544 488,100 Ashgabat
United Arab Emirates 9,269,612 83,600 Abu Dhabi
Uzbekistan 31,446,795 447,400 Tashkent
Vietnam 94,569,072 331,212 Hanoi
Yemen 27,584,213 527,968 Sana'a
Within the above-mentioned states are several partially recognized countries with limited to no international recognition. None of them are members of the UN:
Flag
Name
Population
Area
(km²)
Capital
Abkhazia 242,862 8,660 Sukhumi
Artsakh 146,573 11,458 Stepanakert
Northern Cyprus 285,356 3,355 Nicosia
South Ossetia 51,547 3,900 Tskhinvali
See also
Main articles: Outline of Asia and Index of Asia-related articles
References to articles:
Subregions of Asia
Special topics:
Asian Century
Asian cuisine
Asian furniture
Asian Games
Asian Monetary Unit
Asian people
Eastern world
Eurasia
Far East
East Asia
Southeast Asia
South Asia
Central Asia
Fauna of Asia
Flags of Asia
Middle East
Eastern Mediterranean
Levant
Near East
Pan-Asianism
Lists:
List of cities in Asia
List of metropolitan areas in Asia by population
List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia
References
Jump up ^ National Geographic Family Reference Atlas of the World. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society (U.S.). 2006. p. 264.
^ Jump up to: a b c "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "IMF (WEO April 2017 Edition) GDP nominal per capita – international dollar".
Jump up ^ World urban areas
Jump up ^ "The World at Six Billion". UN Population Division. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. , Table 2
^ Jump up to: a b National Geographic Atlas of the World (7th ed.). Washington, DC: National Geographic. 1999. ISBN 978-0-7922-7528-2. "Europe" (pp. 68–69); "Asia" (pp. 90–91): "A commonly accepted division between Asia and Europe is formed by the Ural Mountains, Ural River, Caspian Sea, Caucasus Mountains, and the Black Sea with its outlets, the Bosporus and Dardanelles."
Jump up ^ "Professor M.D. Nalapat. Ensuring China's "Peaceful Rise". Accessed January 22, 2016." Archived from the original on 10 January 2010.
Jump up ^ "Dahlman, Carl J; Aubert, Jean-Eric. China and the Knowledge Economy: Seizing the 21st Century. WBI Development Studies. World Bank Publications. Accessed January 22, 2016". Eric.ed.gov. Archived from the original on 4 March 2008. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Real Great Leap Forward. The Economist. Sept 30, 2004". The Economist. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016.
Jump up ^ [1][dead link]
Jump up ^ [2] Archived 20 November 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Like herrings in a barrel". The Economist. The Economist online, The Economist Group (Millennium issue: Population). 23 December 1999. Archived from the original on 4 January 2010. .
^ Jump up to: a b "Asia". AccessScience. McGraw-Hill. Archived from the original on 27 November 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Neal Lineback (9 July 2013). "Geography in the News: Eurasia's Boundaries". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 9 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Lewis & Wigen 1997, pp. 27–28
Jump up ^ Lewis & Wigen 1997, pp. 170–173
Jump up ^ Lewis & Wigen 1997, pp. 36–37
Jump up ^ Lewis & Wigen 1997, pp. 7–9
Jump up ^ Schwartz, Benjamin (December 2008). "Geography Is Destiny". The Atlantic. Atlantic Magazine. Archived from the original on 30 September 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Reid, T.R. Confucius Lives Next Door: What living in the East teaches us about living in the west Vintage Books(1999).
Jump up ^ "Asia – Origin and meaning of Asia by Online Etymology Dictionary". Etymonline.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Ventris & Chadwick 1973, p. 536.
Jump up ^ Ventris & Chadwick 1973, p. 410
Jump up ^ Bossert, Helmut T., Asia, Istanbul, 1946.
Jump up ^ Henry George Liddell; Robert Scott; Henry Stuart Jones; Roderick McKenzie (2007) [1940]. "Ἀσία". A Greek-English Lexicon. Medford: Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University. Archived from the original on 27 April 2011.
Jump up ^ Book IV, Articles 37–40.
Jump up ^ Book IV, Article 45.
Jump up ^ "Asie". Encyclopedia: Greek Gods, Spirits, Monsters. Theoi Greek Mythology, Exploring Mythology in Classical Literature and Art. 2000–2011. Archived from the original on 4 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Theogony, Line 345 ff.
Jump up ^ Theogony, Line 364ff.
Jump up ^ Μ95, Π717.
Jump up ^ Β461.
Jump up ^ Silkroad Foundation, Adela C.Y. Lee. "Ancient Silk Road Travellers". Silk-road.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Ping-ti Ho. "An Estimate of the Total Population of Sung-Chin China", in Études Song, Series 1, No 1, (1970). pp. 33–53.
Jump up ^ "BBC – History – Black Death". BBC. 17 February 2011. Archived from the original on 5 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Sen, Sailendra Nath (2010). An Advanced History of Modern India. p. 11. ISBN 9780230328853. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "A Map of the Countries between Constantinople and Calcutta: Including Turkey in Asia, Persia, Afghanistan and Turkestan". Wdl.org. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Asia". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2006. Archived from the original on 18 November 2008.
Jump up ^ Vulnerability to Climate Change: Adaptation Strategies and layers of Resilience Archived 26 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine., ICRISAT, Policy Brief No. 23, February 2013
Jump up ^ "Largest_Economies_in_Asia". Aneki.com. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Hong Kong, Singapore, Tokyo World's Top Office Destinations". CFO innovation ASIA. Archived from the original on 7 August 2011.
Jump up ^ "Five Years of China WTO Membership: EU and US Perspectives About China's Compliance With Transparency Commitments and the Transitional Review Mechanism". SSRN 916768  . Missing or empty |url= (help)
Jump up ^ The World Economy: Historical Statistics, Angus Maddison
Jump up ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 July 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
Jump up ^ "Professor M.D. Nalapat. Ensuring China's "Peaceful Rise". Accessed 30 January 2008". Bharat-rakshak.com. 11 September 2001. Archived from the original on 10 January 2010. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
Jump up ^ "Dahlman, Carl J; Aubert, Jean-Eric. China and the Knowledge Economy: Seizing the 21st century. WBI Development Studies. World Bank Publications. Accessed 30 January 2008". Eric.ed.gov. Archived from the original on 4 March 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Real Great Leap Forward". The Economist. 30 September 2004. Archived from the original on 27 December 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
Jump up ^ [3][dead link]
Jump up ^ "Rise of Japan and 4 Asian Tigers from". emergingdragon.com. Archived from the original on 22 April 2010. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
Jump up ^ "Commonwealth Business Council-Asia". Archived from the original on 28 July 2007. Retrieved 12 April 2007.
Jump up ^ "Philippine potential cited". sme.com.ph. 24 February 2011. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Asia has more millionaires than Europe". Toronto. Archived from the original on 2011-06-25.
Jump up ^ Vallikappen, Sanat (28 March 2012). "Citigroup Study Shows Asian Rich Topping North American". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 14 January 2015.
Jump up ^ "Milan and Rome named among the most widely visited cities in the world in the Mastercard Global Destination Cities Index report". Italianavenue.com. 28 May 2013. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "2010 Human Development Report: Asian countries lead development progress over 40 years" (PDF). UNDP. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 22 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Jewish Population of the World". Jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Yoram Ettinger (5 April 2013). "Defying demographic projections". Israel Hayom. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "Turkey Virtual Jewish History Tour | Jewish Virtual Library". jewishvirtuallibrary.org. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Ethnic composition of Azerbaijan 2009". Pop-stat.mashke.org. 7 April 1971. Archived from the original on 3 February 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Jewish woman brutally murdered in Iran over property dispute". The Times of Israel. 28 November 2012. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014. A government census published earlier this year indicated there were a mere 8,756 Jews left in Iran See Persian Jews#Iran
Jump up ^ World Jewish Population 2007 Archived 26 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine., American Jewish Yearbook, vol. 107 (2007), p. 592.
Jump up ^ "World Jewish Population 2016 (DellaPergola, AJYB) | Berman Jewish DataBank". www.jewishdatabank.org. Retrieved 2018-03-24.
Jump up ^ "Christians". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 10 March 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc (1 March 2014). Britannica Book of the Year 2014. ISBN 9781625131713. Archived from the original on 29 April 2016. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
Jump up ^ The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 5 by Erwin Fahlbusch. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. 2008, p. 285. ISBN 978-0-8028-2417-2.
Jump up ^ "Region: Asia-Pacific". Pewforum.org. 27 January 2011. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Jha, Preeti (26 December 2007). "Guinness comes to east Delhi: Akshardham world's largest Hindu temple". ExpressIndia.com. Archived from the original on 28 December 2007. Retrieved 2 January 2008.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "CIA — The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka-2011". Department of Census and Statistics. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "China (includes Taiwan only): International Religious Freedom Report 2005". US Department of State: Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 8 November 2005. Archived from the original on 11 January 2008. Retrieved 24 January 2008.
Jump up ^ "China (includes Taiwan only): International Religious Freedom Report 2006". US Department of State: Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 15 September 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 24 February 2008.
Jump up ^ "China (includes Taiwan only): International Religious Freedom Report 2007". US Department of State: Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 15 September 2006. Archived from the original on 16 February 2008. Retrieved 24 February 2008.
Jump up ^ "CThe World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 28 December 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
Jump up ^ "Chinese Han Nationality: Language, Religion, Customs". Travelchinaguide.com. Archived from the original on 17 October 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Culture of North Korea – Alternative name, History and ethnic relations". Countries and Their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Archived from the original on 5 August 2009. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
Jump up ^ "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs (2009). "Background Note: North Korea". U.S. State Department. Archived from the original on 1 July 2009. Retrieved 4 July 2009.
Jump up ^ His Holiness's Teachings at TCV. "A Brief Biography – The Office of His Holiness The Dalai Lama". Dalailama.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2010. Retrieved 1 June 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f transcontinental country.
Jump up ^ Eastern Thrace region of Turkey is in Europe. Therefore Turkey is a transcontinental country.
Bibliography
Find more aboutAsiaat Wikipedia's sister projects
Definitions from Wiktionary
Media from Wikimedia Commons
News from Wikinews
Quotations from Wikiquote
Texts from Wikisource
Textbooks from Wikibooks
Travel guide from Wikivoyage
Learning resources from Wikiversity
Lewis, Martin W.; Wigen, Kären (1997). The myth of continents: a critique of metageography. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-20743-2.
Ventris, Michael; Chadwick, John (1973). Documents in Mycenaean Greek (2nd ed.). Cambridge: University Press.
Further reading
Higham, Charles. Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations. Facts on File library of world history. New York: Facts On File, 2004.
Kamal, Niraj. "Arise Asia: Respond to White Peril". New Delhi:Wordsmith,2002, ISBN 978-81-87412-08-3
Kapadia, Feroz, and Mandira Mukherjee. Encyclopaedia of Asian Culture and Society. New Delhi: Anmol Publications, 1999.
Levinson, David, and Karen Christensen. Encyclopedia of Modern Asia. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2002.
External links
"Display Maps". The Soil Maps of Asia. European Digital Archive of Soil Maps – EuDASM. Archived from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
"Asia Maps". Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection. University of Texas Libraries. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 20 July 2011.
"Asia". Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library. Archived from the original on 29 September 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
Bowring, Philip (12 February 1987). "What is Asia?". Eastern Economic Review. Columbia University Asia For Educators. 135 (7).
Asia portal
Geography portal
show
Articles Related to Asia
hide
v
t
e
Asia articles
History
Chronology
Indian Ocean trade
Silk Road
Imperialism
Decolonisation
By topic
Military
conflicts
Sovereignty
Geography
Cities
metropolitan areas
tallest buildings
Countries and territories
by population
Extreme points
Islands
Lakes
Mountains
Rivers
Regions
Asia-Pacific
Central Asia
East Asia
Eurasia
Inner Asia
North Asia
Northeast Asia
South Asia
Southeast Asia
Tropical Asia
Western Asia
Politics
Heads of government
Heads of state
Elections
political parties
Human rights
Law
Military
Intergovernmental
Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Bay of Bengal Initiative (BIMSTEC)
Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (CCASG / GCC)
Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC)
Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
Economy
Countries by GDP (PPP)
Countries by HDI
Currencies
Stock exchanges
Technology
renewable energy
Transport
airports
high-speed rail
Markets
Bond markets
Property markets
Society
Demographics
Education
Etiquette
Health
Languages
People
ethnic groups
Culture
Art
Cinema
Cuisine
Literature
Music
Philosophy
Religion
Sport
Future
Asian Century
Chinese Century
Indian Century
Pacific Century
Outline
Index
Book
Category
Portal
Maps
show
v
t
e
Countries and dependencies of Asia
Sovereign states
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei
Cambodia
China
Cyprus
Egypt
Georgia
India
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
North Korea
South Korea
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nepal
Oman
Palestine
Pakistan
Philippines
Qatar
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
East Timor (Timor-Leste)
Turkey
Turkmenistan
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Yemen
States with limited recognition
Abkhazia
Artsakh
Northern Cyprus
South Ossetia
Taiwan
Dependencies and special
administrative regions
Australia
Christmas Island
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
China
Hong Kong
Macau
United Kingdom
Akrotiri and Dhekelia
British Indian Ocean Territory
show
v
t
e
Continents of the world

Africa

Antarctica

Asia

Australia

Europe

North America

South America

Afro-Eurasia

America

Eurasia

Oceania
Former supercontinents
Gondwana
Laurasia
Pangaea
Pannotia
Rodinia
Columbia
Kenorland
Nena
Sclavia
Ur
Vaalbara
Historical continents
Amazonia
Arctica
Asiamerica
Atlantica
Avalonia
Baltica
Cimmeria
Congo craton
Euramerica
Kalaharia
Kazakhstania
Laurentia
North China
Siberia
South China
East Antarctica
India
Submerged continents
Kerguelen Plateau
Zealandia
Possible future supercontinents
Pangaea Ultima
Amasia
Novopangaea
Mythical and hypothesised continents
Atlantis
Kumari Kandam
Lemuria
Meropis
Mu
Hyperborea
Terra Australis
See also Regions of the world
Continental fragment
Book
Category
show
v
t
e
Regions of the world
show
v
t
e
Regions of Africa
Central Africa
Guinea region
Gulf of Guinea
Cape Lopez
Mayombe
Igboland
Mbaise
Maputaland
Pool Malebo
Congo Basin
Chad Basin
Congolese rainforests
Ouaddaï highlands
Ennedi Plateau
East Africa
African Great Lakes
Albertine Rift
East African Rift
Great Rift Valley
Gregory Rift
Rift Valley lakes
Swahili coast
Virunga Mountains
Kavirondo
Zanj
Horn of Africa
Afar Triangle
Al-Habash
Barbara
Danakil Alps
Danakil Desert
Ethiopian Highlands
Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Tadjoura
Indian Ocean islands
Comoros Islands
North Africa
Maghreb
Barbary Coast
Bashmur
Ancient Libya
Atlas Mountains
Nile Valley
Cataracts of the Nile
Darfur
Gulf of Aqaba
Lower Egypt
Lower Nubia
Middle Egypt
Nile Delta
Nuba Mountains
Nubia
The Sudans
Upper Egypt
Western Sahara
West Africa
Pepper Coast
Gold Coast
Slave Coast
Ivory Coast
Cape Palmas
Cape Mesurado
Guinea region
Gulf of Guinea
Niger Basin
Guinean Forests of West Africa
Niger Delta
Inner Niger Delta
Southern Africa
Madagascar
Central Highlands (Madagascar)
Northern Highlands
Rhodesia
North
South
Thembuland
Succulent Karoo
Nama Karoo
Bushveld
Highveld
Fynbos
Cape Floristic Region
Kalahari Desert
Okavango Delta
Cape Peninsula
False Bay
Hydra Bay
Macro-regions
Aethiopia
Arab world
Commonwealth realm
East African montane forests
Eastern Desert
Equatorial Africa
Françafrique
Gibraltar Arc
Greater Middle East
Islands of Africa
List of countries where Arabic is an official language
Mediterranean Basin
MENA
MENASA
Middle East
Mittelafrika
Negroland
Northeast Africa
Portuguese-speaking African countries
Sahara
Sahel
Sub-Saharan Africa
Sudan (region)
Sudanian Savanna
Tibesti Mountains
Tropical Africa
show
v
t
e
Regions of Asia
Central
Greater Middle East
Aral Sea
Aralkum Desert
Caspian Sea
Dead Sea
Sea of Galilee
Transoxiana
Turan
Greater Khorasan
Ariana
Khwarezm
Sistan
Kazakhstania
Eurasian Steppe
Asian Steppe
Kazakh Steppe
Pontic–Caspian steppe
Mongolian-Manchurian grassland
Wild Fields
Yedisan
Muravsky Trail
Ural
Ural Mountains
Volga region
Idel-Ural
Kolyma
Transbaikal
Pryazovia
Bjarmaland
Kuban
Zalesye
Ingria
Novorossiya
Gornaya Shoriya
Tulgas
Iranian Plateau
Altai Mountains
Pamir Mountains
Tian Shan
Badakhshan
Wakhan Corridor
Wakhjir Pass
Mount Imeon
Mongolian Plateau
Western Regions
Taklamakan Desert
Karakoram
Trans-Karakoram Tract
Siachen Glacier
North
Inner Asia
Northeast
Far East
Russian Far East
Okhotsk-Manchurian taiga
Extreme North
Siberia
Baikalia (Lake Baikal)
Transbaikal
Khatanga Gulf
Baraba steppe
Kamchatka Peninsula
Amur Basin
Yenisei Gulf
Yenisei Basin
Beringia
Sikhote-Alin
East
Japanese archipelago
Northeastern Japan Arc
Sakhalin Island Arc
Korean Peninsula
Gobi Desert
Taklamakan Desert
Greater Khingan
Mongolian Plateau
Inner Asia
Inner Mongolia
Outer Mongolia
China proper
Manchuria
Outer Manchuria
Inner Manchuria
Northeast China Plain
Mongolian-Manchurian grassland
North China Plain
Yan Mountains
Kunlun Mountains
Liaodong Peninsula
Himalayas
Tibetan Plateau
Tibet
Tarim Basin
Northern Silk Road
Hexi Corridor
Nanzhong
Lingnan
Liangguang
Jiangnan
Jianghuai
Guanzhong
Huizhou
Wu
Jiaozhou
Zhongyuan
Shaannan
Ordos Loop
Loess Plateau
Shaanbei
Hamgyong Mountains
Central Mountain Range
Japanese Alps
Suzuka Mountains
Leizhou Peninsula
Gulf of Tonkin
Yangtze River Delta
Pearl River Delta
Yenisei Basin
Altai Mountains
Wakhan Corridor
Wakhjir Pass
West
Greater Middle East
MENA
MENASA
Middle East
Red Sea
Caspian Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Zagros Mountains
Persian Gulf
Pirate Coast
Strait of Hormuz
Greater and Lesser Tunbs
Al-Faw Peninsula
Gulf of Oman
Gulf of Aqaba
Gulf of Aden
Balochistan
Arabian Peninsula
Najd
Hejaz
Tihamah
Eastern Arabia
South Arabia
Hadhramaut
Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert
Tigris–Euphrates
Mesopotamia
Upper Mesopotamia
Lower Mesopotamia
Sawad
Nineveh plains
Akkad (region)
Babylonia
Canaan
Aram
Aram-Naharaim
Eber-Nari
Suhum
Eastern Mediterranean
Mashriq
Kurdistan
Levant
Southern Levant
Transjordan
Jordan Rift Valley
Israel
Levantine Sea
Golan Heights
Hula Valley
Galilee
Gilead
Judea
Samaria
Arabah
Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Sinai Peninsula
Arabian Desert
Syrian Desert
Fertile Crescent
Azerbaijan
Syria
Palestine
Iranian Plateau
Armenian Highlands
Caucasus
Caucasus Mountains
Greater Caucasus
Lesser Caucasus
North Caucasus
South Caucasus
Kur-Araz Lowland
Lankaran Lowland
Alborz
Absheron Peninsula
Anatolia
Cilicia
Cappadocia
Alpide belt
South
Greater India
Indian subcontinent
Himalayas
Hindu Kush
Western Ghats
Eastern Ghats
Ganges Basin
Ganges Delta
Pashtunistan
Punjab
Balochistan
Kashmir
Kashmir Valley
Pir Panjal Range
Thar Desert
Indus Valley
Indus River Delta
Indus Valley Desert
Indo-Gangetic Plain
Eastern coastal plains
Western Coastal Plains
Meghalaya subtropical forests
MENASA
Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests
Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows
Doab
Bagar tract
Great Rann of Kutch
Little Rann of Kutch
Deccan Plateau
Coromandel Coast
Konkan
False Divi Point
Hindi Belt
Ladakh
Aksai Chin
Gilgit-Baltistan
Baltistan
Shigar Valley
Karakoram
Saltoro Mountains
Siachen Glacier
Bay of Bengal
Gulf of Khambhat
Gulf of Kutch
Gulf of Mannar
Trans-Karakoram Tract
Wakhan Corridor
Wakhjir Pass
Lakshadweep
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Andaman Islands
Nicobar Islands
Maldive Islands
Alpide belt
Southeast
Mainland
Indochina
Malay Peninsula
Maritime
Peninsular Malaysia
Sunda Islands
Greater Sunda Islands
Lesser Sunda Islands
Indonesian Archipelago
Timor
New Guinea
Bonis Peninsula
Papuan Peninsula
Huon Peninsula
Huon Gulf
Bird's Head Peninsula
Gazelle Peninsula
Philippine Archipelago
Luzon
Visayas
Mindanao
Leyte Gulf
Gulf of Thailand
East Indies
Nanyang
Alpide belt
Asia-Pacific
Tropical Asia
Ring of Fire
show
v
t
e
Regions of Europe
North
Nordic
Northwestern
Scandinavia
Scandinavian Peninsula
Fennoscandia
Baltoscandia
Sápmi
West Nordic
Baltic
Baltic Sea
Gulf of Bothnia
Gulf of Finland
Iceland
Faroe Islands
East
Danubian countries
Prussia
Galicia
Volhynia
Donbass
Sloboda Ukraine
Sambia Peninsula
Amber Coast
Curonian Spit
Izyum Trail
Lithuania Minor
Nemunas Delta
Baltic
Baltic Sea
Vyborg Bay
Karelia
East Karelia
Karelian Isthmus
Lokhaniemi
Southeastern
Balkans
Aegean Islands
Gulf of Chania
North Caucasus
Greater Caucasus
Kabardia
European Russia
Southern Russia
Central
Baltic
Baltic Sea
Alpine states
Alpide belt
Mitteleuropa
Visegrád Group
West
Benelux
Low Countries
Northwest
British Isles
English Channel
Channel Islands
Cotentin Peninsula
Normandy
Brittany
Gulf of Lion
Iberia
Al-Andalus
Baetic System
Pyrenees
Alpide belt
South
Italian Peninsula
Insular Italy
Tuscan Archipelago
Aegadian Islands
Iberia
Al-Andalus
Baetic System
Gibraltar Arc
Southeastern
Mediterranean
Crimea
Alpide belt
Germanic
Romance
Celtic
Slavic countries
Uralic
European Plain
Eurasian Steppe
Pontic–Caspian steppe
Wild Fields
Pannonian Basin
Great Hungarian Plain
Little Hungarian Plain
Eastern Slovak Lowland
show
v
t
e
Regions of North America
Northern
Eastern Canada
Western Canada
Canadian Prairies
Central Canada
Northern Canada
Atlantic Canada
The Maritimes
French Canada
English Canada
Acadia
Acadian Peninsula
Quebec City–Windsor Corridor
Peace River Country
Cypress Hills
Palliser's Triangle
Canadian Shield
Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga
Newfoundland (island)
Vancouver Island
Gulf Islands
Strait of Georgia
Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Labrador Peninsula
Gaspé Peninsula
Avalon Peninsula
Bay de Verde Peninsula
Brodeur Peninsula
Melville Peninsula
Bruce Peninsula
Banks Peninsula (Nunavut)
Cook Peninsula
Gulf of Boothia
Georgian Bay
Hudson Bay
James Bay
Greenland
Pacific Northwest
Inland Northwest
Northeast
New England
Mid-Atlantic
Commonwealth
West
Midwest
Upper Midwest
Mountain states
Intermountain West
Basin and Range Province
Oregon Trail
Mormon Corridor
Calumet Region
Southwest
Old Southwest
Llano Estacado
Central United States
Tallgrass prairie
South
South Central
Deep South
Upland South
Four Corners
East Coast
West Coast
Gulf Coast
Third Coast
Eastern United States
Appalachia
Trans-Mississippi
Great North Woods
Great Plains
Interior Plains
Great Lakes
Great Basin
Great Basin Desert
Acadia
Ozarks
Ark-La-Tex
Waxhaws
Siouxland
Twin Tiers
Driftless Area
Palouse
Piedmont
Atlantic coastal plain
Outer Lands
Black Dirt Region
Blackstone Valley
Piney Woods
Rocky Mountains
Mojave Desert
The Dakotas
The Carolinas
Shawnee Hills
San Fernando Valley
Tornado Alley
North Coast
Lost Coast
Emerald Triangle
San Francisco Bay Area
San Francisco Bay
North Bay
East Bay
Silicon Valley
Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga
Gulf of Mexico
Lower Colorado River Valley
Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta
Yukon–Kuskokwim Delta
Colville Delta
Arkansas Delta
Mobile–Tensaw River Delta
Mississippi Delta
Mississippi River Delta
Columbia River Estuary
Great Basin
High Desert
Monterey Peninsula
Upper Peninsula of Michigan
Lower Peninsula of Michigan
Virginia Peninsula
Keweenaw Peninsula
Middle Peninsula
Delmarva Peninsula
Alaska Peninsula
Kenai Peninsula
Niagara Peninsula
Beringia
Belt regions
Bible Belt
Black Belt
Corn Belt
Cotton Belt
Frost Belt
Rice Belt
Rust Belt
Sun Belt
Snow Belt
Latin
Northern Mexico
Baja California Peninsula
Gulf of California
Colorado River Delta
Gulf of Mexico
Soconusco
Tierra Caliente
La Mixteca
La Huasteca
Bajío
Valley of Mexico
Mezquital Valley
Sierra Madre de Oaxaca
Yucatán Peninsula
Basin and Range Province
Western Caribbean Zone
Isthmus of Panama
Gulf of Panama
Pearl Islands
Azuero Peninsula
Mosquito Coast
West Indies
Antilles
Greater Antilles
Lesser Antilles
Leeward
Leeward Antilles
Windward
Lucayan Archipelago
Southern Caribbean
Aridoamerica
Mesoamerica
Oasisamerica
Northern
Middle
Anglo
Latin
French
Hispanic
American Cordillera
Ring of Fire
LAC
show
v
t
e
Regions of Oceania
Australasia
Gulf of Carpentaria
Zealandia
Kula Gulf
Australia
Capital Country
Eastern Australia
Lake Eyre basin
Murray–Darling basin
Northern Australia
Nullarbor Plain
Outback
Southern Australia
Maralinga
Sunraysia
Great Victoria Desert
Gulf of Carpentaria
Gulf St Vincent
Lefevre Peninsula
Fleurieu Peninsula
Yorke Peninsula
Eyre Peninsula
Mornington Peninsula
Bellarine Peninsula
Mount Henry Peninsula
Melanesia
Islands Region
Bismarck Archipelago
Solomon Islands
North Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Fiji
New Caledonia
New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Republic of West Papua
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Caroline Islands
Federated States of Micronesia
Palau
Kiribati
Mariana Islands
Guam
Northern Mariana Islands
Marshall Islands
Nauru
Wake Island
Polynesia
Easter Island
Hawaiian Islands
Cook Islands
French Polynesia
Austral Islands
Gambier Islands
Mangareva Islands
Marquesas Islands
Society Islands
Tuamotu
Kermadec Islands
New Zealand
South Island
North Island
Niue
Pitcairn Islands
Samoan Islands
American Samoa
Independent State of Samoa
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Ring of Fire
show
v
t
e
Regions of South America
East
Amazon basin
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Cerrado
North
Caribbean South America
West Indies
Los Llanos
The Guianas
Amazon basin
Amazon rainforest
Gulf of Paria
Paria Peninsula
Paraguaná Peninsula
Orinoco Delta
South
Tierra del Fuego
Patagonia
Pampas
Pantanal
Gran Chaco
Chiquitano dry forests
Valdes Peninsula
West
Andes
Tropical Andes
Wet Andes
Dry Andes
Pariacaca mountain range
Altiplano
Atacama Desert
Latin
Hispanic
American Cordillera
Ring of Fire
LAC
show
v
t
e
Polar regions
Antarctic
Antarctic Peninsula
East Antarctica
West Antarctica
Eklund Islands
Ecozone
Extreme points
Islands
Arctic
Arctic Alaska
British Arctic Territories
Canadian Arctic Archipelago
Finnmark
Greenland
Northern Canada
Northwest Territories
Nunavik
Nunavut
Russian Arctic
Sakha
Sápmi
Yukon
North American Arctic
show
v
t
e
Earth's oceans and seas
Arctic Ocean
Amundsen Gulf
Barents Sea
Beaufort Sea
Chukchi Sea
East Siberian Sea
Greenland Sea
Gulf of Boothia
Kara Sea
Laptev Sea
Lincoln Sea
Prince Gustav Adolf Sea
Pechora Sea
Queen Victoria Sea
Wandel Sea
White Sea
Atlantic Ocean
Adriatic Sea
Aegean Sea
Alboran Sea
Archipelago Sea
Argentine Sea
Baffin Bay
Balearic Sea
Baltic Sea
Bay of Biscay
Bay of Bothnia
Bay of Campeche
Bay of Fundy
Black Sea
Bothnian Sea
Caribbean Sea
Celtic Sea
English Channel
Foxe Basin
Greenland Sea
Gulf of Bothnia
Gulf of Finland
Gulf of Lion
Gulf of Guinea
Gulf of Maine
Gulf of Mexico
Gulf of Saint Lawrence
Gulf of Sidra
Gulf of Venezuela
Hudson Bay
Ionian Sea
Irish Sea
Irminger Sea
James Bay
Labrador Sea
Levantine Sea
Libyan Sea
Ligurian Sea
Marmara Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Myrtoan Sea
North Sea
Norwegian Sea
Sargasso Sea
Sea of Åland
Sea of Azov
Sea of Crete
Sea of the Hebrides
Thracian Sea
Tyrrhenian Sea
Wadden Sea
Indian Ocean
Andaman Sea
Arabian Sea
Bali Sea
Bay of Bengal
Flores Sea
Great Australian Bight
Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Aqaba
Gulf of Khambhat
Gulf of Kutch
Gulf of Oman
Gulf of Suez
Java Sea
Laccadive Sea
Mozambique Channel
Persian Gulf
Red Sea
Timor Sea
Pacific Ocean
Arafura Sea
Banda Sea
Bering Sea
Bismarck Sea
Bohai Sea
Bohol Sea
Camotes Sea
Celebes Sea
Ceram Sea
Chilean Sea
Coral Sea
East China Sea
Gulf of Alaska
Gulf of Anadyr
Gulf of California
Gulf of Carpentaria
Gulf of Fonseca
Gulf of Panama
Gulf of Thailand
Gulf of Tonkin
Halmahera Sea
Koro Sea
Mar de Grau
Molucca Sea
Moro Gulf
Philippine Sea
Salish Sea
Savu Sea
Sea of Japan
Sea of Okhotsk
Seto Inland Sea
Shantar Sea
Sibuyan Sea
Solomon Sea
South China Sea
Sulu Sea
Tasman Sea
Visayan Sea
Yellow Sea
Southern Ocean
Amundsen Sea
Bellingshausen Sea
Cooperation Sea
Cosmonauts Sea
Davis Sea
D'Urville Sea
King Haakon VII Sea
Lazarev Sea
Mawson Sea
Riiser-Larsen Sea
Ross Sea
Scotia Sea
Somov Sea
Weddell Sea
Landlocked seas
Aral Sea
Caspian Sea
Dead Sea
Salton Sea
Book
Category
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
GND: 4003217-6
LCCN: sh85008606
NARA: 10035693
NDL: 00560427
SELIBR: 139940
VIAF: 315526119
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asia&oldid=849726278"
Categories:
Asia
Continents
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from August 2017
Webarchive template wayback links
Pages using web citations with no URL
Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages
Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages
Pages using deprecated image syntax
Articles with hAudio microformats
Articles including recorded pronunciations (English)
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011
Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text
Articles with unsourced statements from April 2010
Articles to be expanded from June 2011
All articles to be expanded
Articles using small message boxes
Use dmy dates from October 2013
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with NARA identifiers
Wikipedia articles with NDL identifiers
Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
View source
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikibooks
Wikinews
Wikiquote
Wikivoyage
Languages
Acèh
Адыгэбзэ
Адыгабзэ
Afrikaans
Akan
Alemannisch
አማርኛ
Ænglisc
العربية
Aragonés
ܐܪܡܝܐ
Armãneashti
Arpetan
অসমীয়া
Asturianu
Avañe'ẽ
Авар
Aymar aru
Azərbaycanca
تۆرکجه
Bamanankan
বাংলা
Bahasa Banjar
Bân-lâm-gú
Basa Banyumasan
Башҡортса
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
भोजपुरी
Bikol Central
Bislama
Български
Boarisch
བོད་ཡིག
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Буряад
Català
Чӑвашла
Cebuano
Čeština
Chavacano de Zamboanga
Chi-Chewa
ChiShona
ChiTumbuka
Corsu
Cymraeg
Dansk
Davvisámegiella
Deitsch
Deutsch
Diné bizaad
Dolnoserbski
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Эрзянь
Español
Esperanto
Estremeñu
Euskara
فارسی
Fiji Hindi
Føroyskt
Français
Frysk
Fulfulde
Furlan
Gaeilge
Gaelg
Gagauz
Gàidhlig
Galego
贛語
گیلکی
ગુજરાતી
𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺
गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni
客家語/Hak-kâ-ngî
Хальмг
한국어
Hausa
Hawaiʻi
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hornjoserbsce
Hrvatski
Ido
Igbo
Ilokano
বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
Bahasa Indonesia
Interlingua
Interlingue
ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ/inuktitut
Ирон
IsiXhosa
IsiZulu
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
Kalaallisut
ಕನ್ನಡ
Kapampangan
Къарачай-малкъар
ქართული
कॉशुर / کٲشُر
Kaszëbsczi
Қазақша
Kernowek
Kinyarwanda
Kiswahili
Коми
Kongo
Kreyòl ayisyen
Kurdî
Кыргызча
Кырык мары
Ladino
Лезги
ລາວ
لۊری شومالی
Latgaļu
Latina
Latviešu
Lëtzebuergesch
Lietuvių
Ligure
Limburgs
Lingála
Livvinkarjala
La .lojban.
Luganda
Lumbaart
Magyar
मैथिली
Македонски
Malagasy
മലയാളം
Malti
Māori
मराठी
მარგალური
مصرى
مازِرونی
Bahasa Melayu
Baso Minangkabau
Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄
Mirandés
Мокшень
Монгол
မြန်မာဘာသာ
Nāhuatl
Dorerin Naoero
Nederlands
Nedersaksies
नेपाली
नेपाल भाषा
日本語
Napulitano
Нохчийн
Nordfriisk
Norfuk / Pitkern
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Nouormand
Novial
Occitan
Олык марий
ଓଡ଼ିଆ
Oromoo
Oshiwambo
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Pälzisch
Pangasinan
پنجابی
Papiamentu
پښتو
Patois
Перем Коми
ភាសាខ្មែរ
Picard
Piemontèis
Tok Pisin
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Ποντιακά
Português
Qaraqalpaqsha
Qırımtatarca
Reo tahiti
Română
Romani
Rumantsch
Runa Simi
Русиньскый
Русский
Саха тыла
Gagana Samoa
संस्कृतम्
Sängö
Sardu
Scots
Seeltersk
Sesotho
Sesotho sa Leboa
Shqip
Sicilianu
සිංහල
Simple English
سنڌي
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ
Ślůnski
Soomaaliga
کوردی
Sranantongo
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
தமிழ்
Taqbaylit
Tarandíne
Татарча/tatarça
తెలుగు
Tetun
ไทย
Тоҷикӣ
Lea faka-Tonga
ᏣᎳᎩ
Tsetsêhestâhese
ತುಳು
Türkçe
Türkmençe
Тыва дыл
Удмурт
Українська
اردو
ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche
Vahcuengh
Vèneto
Vepsän kel’
Tiếng Việt
Volapük
Võro
Walon
文言
West-Vlams
Winaray
Wolof
吴语
Xitsonga
ייִדיש
Yorùbá
粵語
Zazaki
Zeêuws
Žemaitėška
中文
डोटेली
ГӀалгӀай
Kabɩyɛ
Lingua Franca Nova
259 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 10 July 2018, at 22:49 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: class id

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

values:
/wiki/Asia_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Asia (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: p

value: caption

values: Globe centered on Asia, with Asia highlighted. The continent is shaped like a right-angle triangle, with Europe to the west, oceans to the south and east and Oceania to the south-east.

values:
/wiki/List_of_continents_by_area
mw-redirect
List of continents by area

values: List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia

values: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame1

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame2

values:
/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Asia
mw-redirect
List of cities in Asia

values: font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame3

values:
/wiki/Hemisphere_of_the_Earth
mw-redirect
Hemisphere of the Earth

values:
/wiki/Human_population
mw-redirect
Human population

values:
/wiki/First_civilization
mw-redirect
First civilization

values:
/wiki/Cultural_construct
mw-redirect
Cultural construct

values:
/wiki/Straits_of_Malacca
mw-redirect
Straits of Malacca

values:
/wiki/Regions_of_Asia
mw-redirect
Regions of Asia

values:
/wiki/Boundaries_between_continents
mw-redirect
Boundaries between continents

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Transcontinental_country
mw-redirect
Transcontinental country

values:
/wiki/Sinai_peninsula
mw-redirect
Sinai peninsula

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2011)

values:
/wiki/Ancient_Greeks
mw-redirect
Ancient Greeks

values:
/wiki/Greek_civilization
mw-redirect
Greek civilization

values:
/wiki/Greek_Dark_Age
mw-redirect
Greek Dark Age

values:
/wiki/Assyrian_Empire
mw-redirect
Assyrian Empire

values:
/wiki/Hittite_Empire
mw-redirect
Hittite Empire

values:
/wiki/Assuwa_league
mw-redirect
Assuwa league

values:
/wiki/Tudhaliya_I
mw-redirect
Tudhaliya I

values:
/wiki/Indus_Valley
mw-redirect
Indus Valley

values:
/wiki/Muslim_conquests
mw-redirect
Muslim conquests

values:
/wiki/Yangtze_River
mw-redirect
Yangtze River

values: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

values: List of countries in Asia-Pacific by GDP (nominal)

values: List of Asian and Pacific countries by GDP (PPP)

values:
/wiki/World%27s_busiest_port
mw-redirect
World's busiest port

values: List of countries by past and projected GDP (PPP)

values:
/wiki/International_dollar
mw-redirect
International dollar

values: text-align: right; float:right; clear:right; border:1px solid #aaa; margin:10px

values: List of IMF ranked countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)

values:
/wiki/Economic_historian
mw-redirect
Economic historian

values:
/wiki/British_India
mw-redirect
British India

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2010)

values:
/wiki/GDP_per_capita
mw-redirect
GDP per capita

values:
/wiki/Call_center
mw-redirect
Call center

values: A Thai temple complex with several ornate buildings and a stupa, and a lot of visitors

values:
/wiki/Wat_Phra_Kaeo
mw-redirect
Wat Phra Kaeo

values: border-bottom:1px solid black;padding:1px 2px;text-align:right

values: width:15em;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;

values:
/wiki/Meenakshi_temple
mw-redirect
Meenakshi temple

values:
/wiki/List_of_statues_by_height
mw-redirect
List of statues by height

values:
/wiki/Hebrew_Bible
mw-redirect
Hebrew Bible

values:
/wiki/Mesopotamian_mythology
mw-redirect
Mesopotamian mythology

values:
/wiki/Sraddhadeva_Manu
mw-redirect
Sraddhadeva Manu

values:
/wiki/Eastern_Orthodoxy
mw-redirect
Eastern Orthodoxy

values:
/wiki/Eastern_Christian
mw-redirect
Eastern Christian

values:
/wiki/Swaminarayan_Hinduism
mw-redirect
Swaminarayan Hinduism

values:
/wiki/Guinness_World_Record
mw-redirect
Guinness World Record

values:
/wiki/Mahayana_Buddhism
mw-redirect
Mahayana Buddhism

values:
/wiki/Tamil_people
mw-redirect
Tamil people

values:
/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church_of_Antioch
mw-redirect
Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch

values:
/wiki/Northern_Iraq
mw-redirect
Northern Iraq

values:
/wiki/Saint_Ephrem
mw-redirect
Saint Ephrem

values:
/wiki/Deir_el_Qamar
mw-redirect
Deir el Qamar

values:
/wiki/Second_World_War
mw-redirect
Second World War

values:
/wiki/Soviet_war_in_Afghanistan
mw-redirect
Soviet war in Afghanistan

values:
/wiki/Killing_Fields
mw-redirect
Killing Fields

values:
/wiki/India-Pakistan_Wars
mw-redirect
India-Pakistan Wars

values:
/wiki/Burmese_Civil_War
mw-redirect
Burmese Civil War

values: plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content

values:
/wiki/Nobel_Prize_for_Literature
mw-redirect
Nobel Prize for Literature

values:
/wiki/The_Mother_(1934_novel)
mw-redirect
The Mother (1934 novel)

values:
/wiki/The_Exile_(1936_book)
mw-redirect
The Exile (1936 book)

values:
/wiki/Timor_Leste
mw-redirect
Timor Leste

values:
/wiki/Oslo,_Norway
mw-redirect
Oslo, Norway

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:105px; top:192px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:272px; top:177px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:63px; top:229px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:422px; top:173px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:128px; top:119px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:207px; top:237px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:262px; top:126px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:342px; top:354px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:327px; top:314px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:379px; top:281px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:325px; top:259px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:310px; top:326px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:371px; top:160px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:371px; top:148px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:131px; top:183px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:151px; top:210px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:293px; top:264px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:306px; top:246px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:318px; top:279px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:408px; top:367px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:359px; top:306px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:273px; top:237px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:246px; top:212px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:240px; top:227px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:216px; top:206px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:375px; top:222px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:108px; top:148px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:159px; top:148px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:169px; top:160px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:108px; top:160px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:118px; top:246px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:78px; top:268px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:112px; top:231px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:98px; top:222px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:80px; top:213px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:73px; top:203px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:69px; top:187px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:38px; top:201px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:21px; top:184px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:40px; top:177px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:15px; top:158px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:45px; top:140px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:66px; top:151px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:58px; top:160px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:3px; top:175px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:3.5px; top:201px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:175px; top:302px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:228px; top:299px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:178px; top:57px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:353px; top:229px

values: position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:340px; top:240px

values: width: 495px; float: none; clear: none; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: #ffffff; position: relative; max-width: 100%; overflow-x: auto;

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/List_of_countries_by_population
mw-redirect
List of countries by population

values: List of countries and dependencies by area

values:
/wiki/Subregions_of_Asia
mw-redirect
Subregions of Asia

values: List of metropolitan areas in Asia by population

values:
nofollow
https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/
external text

values: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs

values:
nofollow
external text
//ssrn.com/abstract=916768

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
http://www.emergingdragon.com/
external text

values: Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor

values:
/wiki/US_Department_of_State
mw-redirect
US Department of State

values:
/wiki/Eastern_Thrace
mw-redirect
Eastern Thrace

values: padding-bottom: 0.75em; text-align: center;

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display: inline-block; width: 31px; line-height: 31px; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values: display: inline-block; margin-left: 4px; width: 182px; vertical-align: middle;

values: border-top:1px solid #aaa; padding-top: 0.75em;

values: metadata plainlinks plainlist mbox-small

values: border:1px solid #aaa; padding:0.75em; background:#f9f9f9;

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: List of sovereign states by date of formation

values:
/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Asia
mw-redirect
List of islands of Asia

values: Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation

values: Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf

values: Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership

values: South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

values: List of sovereign states in Asia and Oceania by Human Development Index

values:
/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_Asia
mw-redirect
High-speed rail in Asia

values: Bond markets in East Asia and South East Asia

values: South East Asian and Hong Kong property markets

values:
/wiki/History_of_Eastern_art
mw-redirect
History of Eastern art

values: Maps of present-day countries and dependencies

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible expanded navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Australia-New Guinea (orthographic projection).svg

values: Europe orthographic Caucasus Urals boundary.svg

values: South America (orthographic projection).svg

values: border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;

values:
/wiki/Congo_craton
mw-redirect
Congo craton

values:
/wiki/Kalahari_craton
mw-redirect
Kalahari craton

values: border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:center; padding-right:1.0em;;;;width:62%;

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Indian_Ocean_islands
mw-redirect
Indian Ocean islands

values:
/wiki/Comoros_Islands
mw-redirect
Comoros Islands

values:
/wiki/Nile_Valley
mw-redirect
Nile Valley

values: List of countries where Arabic is an official language

values:
/wiki/Northeast_Africa
mw-redirect
Northeast Africa

values:
/wiki/Asian_Steppe
mw-redirect
Asian Steppe

values:
/wiki/Inner_Manchuria
mw-redirect
Inner Manchuria

values:
/wiki/Pirate_Coast
mw-redirect
Pirate Coast

values:
/wiki/Lower_Mesopotamia
mw-redirect
Lower Mesopotamia

values:
/wiki/Aram_(biblical_region)
mw-redirect
Aram (biblical region)

values:
/wiki/Eastern_coastal_plains
mw-redirect
Eastern coastal plains

values: Lower Gangetic plains moist deciduous forests

values: Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows

values:
/wiki/Indonesian_Archipelago
mw-redirect
Indonesian Archipelago

values:
/wiki/Philippine_Archipelago
mw-redirect
Philippine Archipelago

values: Template talk:Regions of Europe (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Romance-speaking_Europe
mw-redirect
Romance-speaking Europe

values: Template talk:Regions of North America (page does not exist)

values: List of belt regions of the United States

values: Latin America and the Caribbean (region)

values:
/wiki/Mangareva_Islands
mw-redirect
Mangareva Islands

values:
/wiki/Independent_State_of_Samoa
mw-redirect
Independent State of Samoa

values: Template talk:Regions of South America (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Antarctic_ecozone
mw-redirect
Antarctic ecozone

values:
/wiki/Extreme_points_of_the_Antarctic
mw-redirect
Extreme points of the Antarctic

values: List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands

values:
/wiki/Extreme_North
mw-redirect
Extreme North

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4003217-6

values: National Archives and Records Administration

values:
nofollow
external text
https://libris.kb.se/auth/139940

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/315526119

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from August 2017

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Pages using web citations with no URL

values: Category:Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages

values: Category:Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages

values: Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:Articles including recorded pronunciations (English)

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2011

values: Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2010

values: Category:Articles to be expanded from June 2011

values: Category:Articles using small message boxes

values: Category:Use dmy dates from October 2013

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with NARA identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with NDL identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Asia
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
This page is protected.
You can view its source [ctrl-alt-e]

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Achinese
ace
ace
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ace
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ady
display: none;

values:
https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi%C3%AB
Asië – Afrikaans
af
af
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values:
https://ak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ehyia
Ehyia – Akan
ak
ak
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ak
display: none;

values:
https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Alemannisch
als
als
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-als
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-am
display: none;

values:
https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Old English
ang
ang
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ang
display: none;

values:
https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Aragonese
an
an
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-an
display: none;

values: ܐܣܝܐ (ܝܒܫܬܐ) – Aramaic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arc
display: none;

values:
https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Aromanian
roa-rup
roa-rup
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup
display: none;

values:
https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Arpitan
frp
frp
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-frp
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-as
display: none;

values:
https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Asturian
ast
ast
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values:
https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia
Ásia – Guarani
gn
gn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-av
display: none;

values:
https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Aymara
ay
ay
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ay
display: none;

values:
https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya
Asiya – Azerbaijani
az
az
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-azb
display: none;

values:
https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Bambara
bm
bm
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bm
display: none;

values: এশিয়া – Bangla

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-bn badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Banjar
bjn
bjn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values:
https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Basa Banyumasan
map-bms
map-bms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms
display: none;

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Азія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bh
display: none;

values:
https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Central Bikol
bcl
bcl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl
display: none;

values:
https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esia
Esia – Bislama
bi
bi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Bavarian
bar
bar
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bar
display: none;

values: ཨེ་ཤེ་ཡ། – Tibetan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bo
display: none;

values:
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Bosnian
bs
bs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia
Azia – Breton
br
br
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-br
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr
display: none;

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80sia
Àsia – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cv
display: none;

values:
https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Cebuano
ceb
ceb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb
display: none;

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Chavacano
cbk-zam
cbk-zam
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam
display: none;

values:
https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Nyanja
ny
ny
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ny
display: none;

values:
https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Shona
sn
sn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sn
display: none;

values:
https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Tumbuka
tum
tum
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tum
display: none;

values:
https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Corsican
co
co
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-co
display: none;

values:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia
Ásia – Northern Sami
se
se
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-se
display: none;

values:
https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Pennsylvania German
pdc
pdc
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc
display: none;

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nv
display: none;

values:
https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Lower Sorbian
dsb
dsb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb
display: none;

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia
Aasia – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Ασία – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values: Азия Мастор – Erzya

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-myv
display: none;

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azio
Azio – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ext
display: none;

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Fiji Hindi
hif
hif
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hif
display: none;

values:
https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Faroese
fo
fo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fo
display: none;

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
display: none;

values:
https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aazje
Aazje – Western Frisian
fy
fy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values:
https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasiya
Aasiya – Fulah
ff
ff
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ff
display: none;

values:
https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Friulian
fur
fur
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fur
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ga
display: none;

values:
https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Aishey
Yn Aishey – Manx
gv
gv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gv
display: none;

values:
https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya
Aziya – Gagauz
gag
gag
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gag
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gd
display: none;

values:
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Galician
gl
gl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gan
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-glk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-got
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gom
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hak
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xal
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya
Asiya – Hausa
ha
ha
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ha
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-haw
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: एशिया – Hindi

values:
https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Upper Sorbian
hsb
hsb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb
display: none;

values:
https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Croatian
hr
hr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia
Azia – Ido
io
io
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-io
display: none;

values:
https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Igbo
ig
ig
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ig
display: none;

values:
https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Iloko
ilo
ilo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy
display: none;

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Interlingua
ia
ia
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ia
display: none;

values:
https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Interlingue
ie
ie
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ie
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-iu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-os
display: none;

values:
https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Eshiya
I-Eshiya – Xhosa
xh
xh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xh
display: none;

values:
https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Eshiya
I-Eshiya – Zulu
zu
zu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zu
display: none;

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/As%C3%ADa
Asía – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Javanese
jv
jv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jv
display: none;

values:
https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Kalaallisut
kl
kl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kn
display: none;

values:
https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Pampanga
pam
pam
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pam
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-krc
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ks
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-csb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi
Asi – Cornish
kw
kw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kw
display: none;

values:
https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya
Aziya – Kinyarwanda
rw
rw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-rw
display: none;

values:
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Swahili
sw
sw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sw
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kv
display: none;

values:
https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia
Azia – Kongo
kg
kg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kg
display: none;

values:
https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi
Azi – Haitian Creole
ht
ht
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ht
display: none;

values:
https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Kurdish
ku
ku
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ku
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ky
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj
display: none;

values:
https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Ladino
lad
lad
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lad
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lez
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lrc
display: none;

values:
https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeja
Azeja – Latgalian
ltg
ltg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg
display: none;

values:
https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Latin
la
la
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Luxembourgish
lb
lb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lb
display: none;

values:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Ligurian
lij
lij
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lij
display: none;

values:
https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%AB
Azië – Limburgish
li
li
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-li
display: none;

values:
https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az%C3%ADa
Azía – Lingala
ln
ln
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ln
display: none;

values:
https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aazii
Aazii – Livvi-Karelian
olo
olo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-olo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo
display: none;

values:
https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Ganda
lg
lg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lg
display: none;

values:
https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Lombard
lmo
lmo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mai
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values:
https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia
Azia – Malagasy
mg
mg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values:
https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asja
Asja – Maltese
mt
mt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mt
display: none;

values:
https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80hia
Āhia – Maori
mi
mi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-arz
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn
display: none;

values:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ms
display: none;

values:
https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Minangkabau
min
min
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-min
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-my
display: none;

values:
https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Nāhuatl
nah
nah
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nah
display: none;

values:
https://na.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eija
Eija – Nauru
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-na
display: none;

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azi%C3%AB
Azië – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azie
Azie – Low Saxon
nds-NL
nds-NL
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl
display: none;

values: एसिया – Nepali

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ne
display: none;

values: एसिया – Newari

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-new
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Neapolitan
nap
nap
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nap
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ce
display: none;

values:
https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasien
Aasien – Northern Frisian
frr
frr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-frr
display: none;

values:
https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Norfuk / Pitkern
pih
pih
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pih
display: none;

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm
display: none;

values:
https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Novial
nov
nov
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nov
display: none;

values:
https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Occitan
oc
oc
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-oc
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-or
display: none;

values:
https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eeshiyaa
Eeshiyaa – Oromo
om
om
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-om
display: none;

values:
https://ng.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Ndonga
ng
ng
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ng
display: none;

values:
https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiyo
Osiyo – Uzbek
uz
uz
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pa
display: none;

values:
https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Palatine German
pfl
pfl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl
display: none;

values:
https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Pangasinan
pag
pag
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pag
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb
display: none;

values:
https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Papiamento
pap
pap
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pap
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ps
display: none;

values:
https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ieja
Ieja – Jamaican Creole English
jam
jam
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jam
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-koi
display: none;

values: អាស៊ី – Khmer

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-km
display: none;

values:
https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Picard
pcd
pcd
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd
display: none;

values:
https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Piedmontese
pms
pms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pms
display: none;

values:
https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esia
Esia – Tok Pisin
tpi
tpi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi
display: none;

values:
https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Low German
nds
nds
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nds
display: none;

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azja
Azja – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Ασίαν – Pontic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt
display: none;

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81sia
Ásia – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pt
display: none;

values:
https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziya
Aziya – Kara-Kalpak
kaa
kaa
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa
display: none;

values:
https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya
Asiya – Crimean Turkish
crh
crh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-crh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ty
display: none;

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values:
https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Romani
rmy
rmy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy
display: none;

values:
https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Romansh
rm
rm
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-rm
display: none;

values:
https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Quechua
qu
qu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-qu
display: none;

values: Азія – Rusyn

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-rue
display: none;

values: Азия – Sakha

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sah
display: none;

values:
https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Samoan
sm
sm
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sm
display: none;

values: जम्बुद्वीपः – Sanskrit

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sa
display: none;

values:
https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Sango
sg
sg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sg
display: none;

values:
https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Sardinian
sc
sc
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sc
display: none;

values:
https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asie
Asie – Scots
sco
sco
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

values:
https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Saterland Frisian
stq
stq
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-stq
display: none;

values:
https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Southern Sotho
st
st
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-st
display: none;

values:
https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Northern Sotho
nso
nso
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nso
display: none;

values:
https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia
Azia – Albanian
sq
sq
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

values:
https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Sicilian
scn
scn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values: ආසියාව – Sinhala

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-si
display: none;

values:
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Simple English
simple
simple
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values: ايشيا – Sindhi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sd
display: none;

values:
https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81zia
Ázia – Slovak
sk
sk
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Slovenian
sl
sl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cu
display: none;

values:
https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azyjo
Azyjo – Silesian
szl
szl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-szl
display: none;

values:
https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasiya
Aasiya – Somali
so
so
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-so
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-srn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azija
Azija – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Sundanese
su
su
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-su
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia
Aasia – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asien
Asien – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Tagalog
tl
tl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tl
display: none;

values: ஆசியா – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values:
https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Kabyle
kab
kab
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kab
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara
display: none;

values: Азия – Tatar

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tt
display: none;

values: ఆసియా – Telugu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-te
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tet
display: none;

values: ทวีปเอเชีย – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: Осиё – Tajik

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-to
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-chr
display: none;

values:
https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Cheyenne
chy
chy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-chy
display: none;

values: ಏಷ್ಯಾ – Tulu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy
display: none;

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-udm
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: ایشیا – Urdu

values: ئاسىيا – Uyghur

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ug
display: none;

values:
https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yacouh
Yacouh – Zhuang
za
za
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-za
display: none;

values:
https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axia
Axia – Venetian
vec
vec
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vec
display: none;

values:
https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azii
Azii – Veps
vep
vep
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vep
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyop
Siyop – Volapük
vo
vo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro
display: none;

values:
https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeye
Azeye – Walloon
wa
wa
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vls
display: none;

values:
https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Waray
war
war
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-war
display: none;

values:
https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asi
Asi – Wolof
wo
wo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu
display: none;

values:
https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiya
Axiya – Tsonga
ts
ts
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ts
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-yi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-yo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values:
https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya
Asya – Zazaki
diq
diq
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-diq
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zea
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg
display: none;

values: एसिया – Doteli

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-dty
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-inh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp
display: none;

values:
https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia
Asia – Lingua Franca Nova
lfn
lfn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Asia rootpage-Asia skin-vector action-view