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Neon
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This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see Neon (disambiguation).
Neon, 10Ne
General properties
Pronunciation
/ˈniːɒn/
Appearance
colorless gas exhibiting an orange-red glow when placed in an electric field
Standard atomic weight (Ar, standard)
7001201797000000000♠20.1797(6)[1]
Neon in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
He
↑
Ne
↓
Ar
fluorine ← neon → sodium
Atomic number (Z)
10
Group, period
group 18 (noble gases), period 2
Block
p-block
Element category
noble gas
Electron configuration
[He] 2s2 2p6
Electrons per shell
2, 8
Physical properties
Phase (at STP)
gas
Melting point
24.56 K (−248.59 °C, −415.46 °F)
Boiling point
27.104 K (−246.046 °C, −410.883 °F)
Density (at STP)
0.9002 g/L
when liquid (at b.p.)
1.207 g/cm3[2]
Triple point
24.556 K, 43.37 kPa[3][4]
Critical point
44.4918 K, 2.7686 MPa[4]
Heat of fusion
0.335 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization
1.71 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity
20.79[5] J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
12 13 15 18 21 27
Atomic properties
Oxidation states
0
Ionization energies
1st: 2080.7 kJ/mol
2nd: 3952.3 kJ/mol
3rd: 6122 kJ/mol
(more)
Covalent radius
58 pm
Van der Waals radius
154 pm
Spectral lines
Miscellanea
Crystal structure
face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound
435 m/s (gas, at 0 °C)
Thermal conductivity
49.1×10−3 W/(m·K)
Magnetic ordering
diamagnetic[6]
Magnetic susceptibility
−6.74·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[7]
Bulk modulus
654 GPa
CAS Number
7440-01-9
History
Prediction
William Ramsay (1897)
Discovery and first isolation
William Ramsay & Morris Travers[8][9] (1898)
Main isotopes of neon
Isotope
Abundance
Half-life (t1/2)
Decay mode
Product
20Ne
90.48% stable
21Ne
0.27% stable
22Ne
9.25% stable
view
talk
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| references | in Wikidata
Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10. It is a noble gas.[10] Neon is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions, with about two-thirds the density of air. It was discovered (along with krypton and xenon) in 1898 as one of the three residual rare inert elements remaining in dry air, after nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide were removed. Neon was the second of these three rare gases to be discovered and was immediately recognized as a new element from its bright red emission spectrum. The name neon is derived from the Greek word, νέον, neuter singular form of νέος (neos), meaning new. Neon is chemically inert, and no uncharged neon compounds are known. The compounds of neon currently known include ionic molecules, molecules held together by van der Waals forces and clathrates.
During cosmic nucleogenesis of the elements, large amounts of neon are built up from the alpha-capture fusion process in stars. Although neon is a very common element in the universe and solar system (it is fifth in cosmic abundance after hydrogen, helium, oxygen and carbon), it is rare on Earth. It composes about 18.2 ppm of air by volume (this is about the same as the molecular or mole fraction) and a smaller fraction in Earth's crust. The reason for neon's relative scarcity on Earth and the inner (terrestrial) planets is that neon is highly volatile and forms no compounds to fix it to solids. As a result, it escaped from the planetesimals under the warmth of the newly ignited Sun in the early Solar System. Even the outer atmosphere of Jupiter is somewhat depleted of neon, although for a different reason.[11] It is also lighter than air, causing it to escape even from Earth's atmosphere.
Neon gives a distinct reddish-orange glow when used in low-voltage neon glow lamps, high-voltage discharge tubes and neon advertising signs.[12][13] The red emission line from neon also causes the well known red light of helium–neon lasers. Neon is used in some plasma tube and refrigerant applications but has few other commercial uses. It is commercially extracted by the fractional distillation of liquid air. Since air is the only source, it is considerably more expensive than helium.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Isotopes
3 Characteristics
4 Occurrence
5 Chemistry
6 Applications
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History
Neon gas-discharge lamps forming the symbol for neon "Ne"
Neon (Greek νέον (néon), neuter singular form of νέος meaning "new"), was discovered in 1898 by the British chemists Sir William Ramsay (1852–1916) and Morris W. Travers (1872–1961) in London.[14] Neon was discovered when Ramsay chilled a sample of air until it became a liquid, then warmed the liquid and captured the gases as they boiled off. The gases nitrogen, oxygen, and argon had been identified, but the remaining gases were isolated in roughly their order of abundance, in a six-week period beginning at the end of May 1898. First to be identified was krypton. The next, after krypton had been removed, was a gas which gave a brilliant red light under spectroscopic discharge. This gas, identified in June, was named neon, the Greek analogue of "novum", (new), suggested by Ramsay's son.[15] The characteristic brilliant red-orange color emitted by gaseous neon when excited electrically was noted immediately; Travers later wrote, "the blaze of crimson light from the tube told its own story and was a sight to dwell upon and never forget."[16]
A second gas was also reported along with neon, having approximately the same density as argon but with a different spectrum – Ramsay and Travers named it metargon.[17][18]" However, subsequent spectroscopic analysis revealed it to be argon contaminated with carbon monoxide. Finally, the same team discovered xenon by the same process, in September 1898.[17]
Neon's scarcity precluded its prompt application for lighting along the lines of Moore tubes, which used nitrogen and which were commercialized in the early 1900s. After 1902, Georges Claude's company, Air Liquide, produced industrial quantities of neon as a byproduct of his air liquefaction business. In December 1910 Claude demonstrated modern neon lighting based on a sealed tube of neon. Claude tried briefly to sell neon tubes for indoor domestic lighting, due to their intensity, but the market failed because homeowners objected to the color. In 1912, Claude's associate began selling neon discharge tubes as eye-catching advertising signs and was instantly more successful. Neon tubes were introduced to the U.S. in 1923 with two large neon signs bought by a Los Angeles Packard car dealership. The glow and arresting red color made neon advertising completely different from the competition.[19] The intense color and vibrancy of neon equated with American society at the time, suggesting a "century of progress" and transforming cities into sensational new environments filled with radiating advertisements and "electro-graphic architecture."[20][21]
Neon played a role in the basic understanding of the nature of atoms in 1913, when J. J. Thomson, as part of his exploration into the composition of canal rays, channeled streams of neon ions through a magnetic and an electric field and measured the deflection of the streams with a photographic plate. Thomson observed two separate patches of light on the photographic plate (see image), which suggested two different parabolas of deflection. Thomson eventually concluded that some of the atoms in the neon gas were of higher mass than the rest. Though not understood at the time by Thomson, this was the first discovery of isotopes of stable atoms. Thomson's device was a crude version of the instrument we now term a mass spectrometer.
Isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of neon
The first evidence for isotopes of a stable element was provided in 1913 by experiments on neon plasma. In the bottom right corner of J. J. Thomson's photographic plate are the separate impact marks for the two isotopes neon-20 and neon-22.
Neon is the second lightest inert gas. Neon has three stable isotopes: 20Ne (90.48%), 21Ne (0.27%) and 22Ne (9.25%). 21Ne and 22Ne are partly primordial and partly nucleogenic (i.e. made by nuclear reactions of other nuclides with neutrons or other particles in the environment) and their variations in natural abundance are well understood. In contrast, 20Ne (the chief primordial isotope made in stellar nucleosynthesis) is not known to be nucleogenic or radiogenic. The causes of the variation of 20Ne in the Earth have thus been hotly debated.[22]
The principal nuclear reactions which generate nucleogenic neon isotopes start from 24Mg and 25Mg, which produce 21Ne and 22Ne, respectively, after neutron capture and immediate emission of an alpha particle. The neutrons that produce the reactions are mostly produced by secondary spallation reactions from alpha particles, in turn derived from uranium-series decay chains. The net result yields a trend towards lower 20Ne/22Ne and higher 21Ne/22Ne ratios observed in uranium-rich rocks such as granites.[23] 21Ne may also be produced in a nucleogenic reaction, when 20Ne absorbs a neutron from various natural terrestrial neutron sources.
In addition, isotopic analysis of exposed terrestrial rocks has demonstrated the cosmogenic (cosmic ray) production of 21Ne. This isotope is generated by spallation reactions on magnesium, sodium, silicon, and aluminium. By analyzing all three isotopes, the cosmogenic component can be resolved from magmatic neon and nucleogenic neon. This suggests that neon will be a useful tool in determining cosmic exposure ages of surface rocks and meteorites.[24]
Similar to xenon, neon content observed in samples of volcanic gases is enriched in 20Ne, as well as nucleogenic 21Ne, relative to 22Ne content. The neon isotopic content of these mantle-derived samples represents a non-atmospheric source of neon. The 20Ne-enriched components are attributed to exotic primordial rare gas components in the Earth, possibly representing solar neon. Elevated 20Ne abundances are found in diamonds, further suggesting a solar neon reservoir in the Earth.[25]
Characteristics
Neon is the second-lightest noble gas, after helium. It glows reddish-orange in a vacuum discharge tube. Also, neon has the narrowest liquid range of any element: from 24.55 K to 27.05 K (−248.45 °C to −245.95 °C, or −415.21 °F to −410.71 °F). It has over 40 times the refrigerating capacity of liquid helium and three times that of liquid hydrogen (on a per unit volume basis).[2] In most applications it is a less expensive refrigerant than helium.[26][27]
Spectrum of neon with ultraviolet (at left) and infrared (at right) lines shown in white
Neon plasma has the most intense light discharge at normal voltages and currents of all the noble gases. The average color of this light to the human eye is red-orange due to many lines in this range; it also contains a strong green line which is hidden, unless the visual components are dispersed by a spectroscope.[28]
Two quite different kinds of neon lighting are in common use. Neon glow lamps are generally tiny, with most operating between 100 and 250 volts.[29] They have been widely used as power-on indicators and in circuit-testing equipment, but light-emitting diodes (LEDs) now dominate in those applications. These simple neon devices were the forerunners of plasma displays and plasma television screens.[30][31] Neon signs typically operate at much higher voltages (2–15 kilovolts), and the luminous tubes are commonly meters long.[32] The glass tubing is often formed into shapes and letters for signage as well as architectural and artistic applications.
Neon sign in a Hamden, Connecticut, florist shop.
Occurrence
Stable isotopes of neon are produced in stars. 20Ne is created in fusing helium and oxygen in the alpha process. This requires temperatures above 100 megakelvin, which are only available in the cores of stars of more than 3 solar masses.[citation needed]
Neon is abundant on a universal scale; it is the fifth most abundant chemical element in the universe by mass, after hydrogen, helium, oxygen, and carbon (see chemical element).[33] Its relative rarity on Earth, like that of helium, is due to its relative lightness, high vapor pressure at very low temperatures, and chemical inertness, all properties which tend to keep it from being trapped in the condensing gas and dust clouds that formed the smaller and warmer solid planets like Earth.
Neon is monatomic, making it lighter than the molecules of diatomic nitrogen and oxygen which form the bulk of Earth's atmosphere; a balloon filled with neon will rise in air, albeit more slowly than a helium balloon.[34]
Neon's abundance in the universe is about 1 part in 750; in the Sun and presumably in the proto-solar system nebula, about 1 part in 600. The Galileo spacecraft atmospheric entry probe found that even in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter, the abundance of neon is reduced (depleted) by about a factor of 10, to a level of 1 part in 6,000 by mass. This may indicate that even the ice-planetesimals which brought neon into Jupiter from the outer solar system, formed in a region which was too warm to retain the neon atmospheric component (abundances of heavier inert gases on Jupiter are several times that found in the Sun).[35]
Neon comprises 1 part in 55,000 in the Earth's atmosphere, or 18.2 ppm by volume (this is about the same as the molecule or mole fraction), or 1 part in 79,000 of air by mass. It comprises a smaller fraction in the crust. It is industrially produced by cryogenic fractional distillation of liquefied air.[2]
On 17 August 2015, based on studies with the Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) spacecraft, NASA scientists reported the detection of neon in the exosphere of the moon.[36]
Chemistry
Main article: Neon compounds
Crystal structure of Ne clathrate hydrate.[37]
Neon is the first p-block noble gas, and the first element with a true octet of electrons. It is inert: as is the case with its lighter analogue, helium, no strongly bound neutral molecules containing neon have been identified. The ions [NeAr]+, [NeH]+, and [HeNe]+ have been observed from optical and mass spectrometric studies.[2] Solid neon clathrate hydrate was produced from water ice and neon gas at pressures 0.35–0.48 GPa and temperatures ca. –30 °C.[38] Ne atoms are not bonded to water and can freely move through this material. They can be extracted by placing the clathrate into a vacuum chamber for several days, yielding ice XVI, the least dense crystalline form of water.[37]
The familiar Pauling electronegativity scale relies upon chemical bond energies, but such values have obviously not been measured for inert helium and neon. The Allen electronegativity scale, which relies only upon (measurable) atomic energies, identifies neon as the most electronegative element, closely followed by fluorine and helium.
Applications
Neon is often used in signs and produces an unmistakable bright reddish-orange light. Although tube lights with other colors are often called "neon", they use different noble gases or varied colors of fluorescent lighting.
Neon is used in vacuum tubes, high-voltage indicators, lightning arresters, wave meter tubes, television tubes, and helium–neon lasers. Liquefied neon is commercially used as a cryogenic refrigerant in applications not requiring the lower temperature range attainable with more extreme liquid helium refrigeration.
Neon, as liquid or gas, is relatively expensive – for small quantities, the price of liquid neon can be more than 55 times that of liquid helium. Driving neon's expense is the rarity of neon, which unlike helium, can only be obtained from air.
The triple point temperature of neon (24.5561 K) is a defining fixed point in the International Temperature Scale of 1990.[39]
See also
Expansion ratio
Neon sign
Neon lamp
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References
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^ Jump up to: a b c d Hammond, C. R. (2000). The Elements, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition (PDF). CRC press. p. 19. ISBN 0849304814.
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^ Jump up to: a b Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nd ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1439855110.
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Jump up ^ Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.
Jump up ^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
Jump up ^ Ramsay, William; Travers, Morris W. (1898). "On the Companions of Argon". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 63 (1): 437–440. doi:10.1098/rspl.1898.0057.
Jump up ^ "Neon: History". Softciências. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
Jump up ^ Group 18 refers to the modern numbering of the periodic table. Older numberings described the rare gases as Group 0 or Group VIIIA (sometimes shortened to 8). See also Group (periodic table).
Jump up ^ Wilson, Hugh F.; Militzer, Burkhard (March 2010), "Sequestration of Noble Gases in Giant Planet Interiors", Physical Review Letters, 104 (12), arXiv:1003.5940  , Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104l1101W, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.121101, 121101.
Jump up ^ Coyle, Harold P. (2001). Project STAR: The Universe in Your Hands. Kendall Hunt. p. 464. ISBN 978-0-7872-6763-6.
Jump up ^ Kohmoto, Kohtaro (1999). "Phosphors for lamps". In Shionoya, Shigeo; Yen, William M. Phosphor Handbook. CRC Press. p. 940. ISBN 978-0-8493-7560-6.
Jump up ^ Ramsay, William, Travers, Morris W. (1898). "On the Companions of Argon". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 63 (1): 437–440. doi:10.1098/rspl.1898.0057. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ "Neon: History". Softciências. Archived from the original on 2007-03-14. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
Jump up ^ Weeks, Mary Elvira (2003). Discovery of the Elements: Third Edition (reprint). Kessinger Publishing. p. 287. ISBN 978-0-7661-3872-8. Archived from the original on 2015-03-22.
^ Jump up to: a b Ramsay, Sir William (December 12, 1904). "Nobel Lecture – The Rare Gases of the Atmosphere". nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB. Archived from the original on 13 November 2015. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Ramsay, William; Travers, Morris W. (1898). "On the Companions of Argon". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (1854-1905). 63 (1): 437–440. doi:10.1098/rspl.1898.0057. ISSN 0370-1662.
Jump up ^ Mangum, Aja (December 8, 2007). "Neon: A Brief History". New York Magazine. Archived from the original on April 15, 2008. Retrieved 2008-05-20.
Jump up ^ Golec, Michael J. (2010). "Logo/Local Intensities: Lacan, the Discourse of the Other, and the Solicitation to "Enjoy"". Design and Culture. 2 (2).
Jump up ^ Wolfe, Tom (October 1968). "Electro-Graphic Architecture". Architecture Canada.
Jump up ^ Dickin, Alan P (2005). "Neon". Radiogenic isotope geology. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-521-82316-6.
Jump up ^ Resources on Isotopes. Periodic Table—Neon Archived 2006-09-23 at the Wayback Machine.. explanation of the nucleogenic sources of Ne-21 and Ne-22. USGS.gov
Jump up ^ "Neon: Isotopes". Softciências. Archived from the original on 2012-07-31. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
Jump up ^ Anderson, Don L. "Helium, Neon & Argon". Mantleplumes.org. Archived from the original on 2006-05-28. Retrieved 2006-07-02.
Jump up ^ "NASSMC: News Bulletin". December 30, 2005. Archived from the original on February 13, 2007. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
Jump up ^ Mukhopadhyay, Mamata (2012). Fundamentals of Cryogenic Engineering. p. 195. ISBN 9788120330573. Archived from the original on 2017-11-16.
Jump up ^ "Plasma". Archived from the original on 2007-03-07. Retrieved 2007-03-05.
Jump up ^ Baumann, Edward (1966). Applications of Neon Lamps and Gas Discharge Tubes. Carlton Press.
Jump up ^ Myers, Robert L. (2002). Display interfaces: fundamentals and standards. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 69–71. ISBN 978-0-471-49946-6. Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Plasma displays are closely related to the simple neon lamp.
Jump up ^ Weber, Larry F. (April 2006). "History of the plasma display panel". IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. 34 (2): 268–278. Bibcode:2006ITPS...34..268W. doi:10.1109/TPS.2006.872440. Paid access.
Jump up ^ "ANSI Luminous Tube Footage Chart" (PDF). American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2011-02-06. Retrieved 2010-12-10. Reproduction of a chart in the catalog of a lighting company in Toronto; the original ANSI specification is not given.
Jump up ^ Asplund, Martin; Grevesse, Nicolas; Sauval, A. Jacques; Scott, Pat (2009). "The Chemical Composition of the Sun". Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 47: 481. arXiv:0909.0948  . Bibcode:2009ARA&A..47..481A. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.46.060407.145222.
Jump up ^ Gallagher, R.; Ingram, P. (2001-07-19). Chemistry for Higher Tier. University Press. p. 282. ISBN 978-0-19-914817-2.
Jump up ^ Morse, David (January 26, 1996). "Galileo Probe Science Result". Galileo Project. Archived from the original on February 24, 2007. Retrieved 2007-02-27.
Jump up ^ Steigerwald, William (17 August 2015). "NASA's LADEE Spacecraft Finds Neon in Lunar Atmosphere". NASA. Archived from the original on 19 August 2015. Retrieved 18 August 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Falenty, Andrzej; Hansen, Thomas C.; Kuhs, Werner F. (2014). "Formation and properties of ice XVI obtained by emptying a type sII clathrate hydrate". Nature. 516 (7530): 231. Bibcode:2014Natur.516..231F. doi:10.1038/nature14014. PMID 25503235.
Jump up ^ Yu, X.; Zhu, J.; Du, S.; Xu, H.; Vogel, S. C.; Han, J.; Germann, T. C.; Zhang, J.; Jin, C.; Francisco, J. S.; Zhao, Y. (2014). "Crystal structure and encapsulation dynamics of ice II-structured neon hydrate". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 111 (29): 10456–61. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11110456Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1410690111. PMC 4115495  . PMID 25002464.
Jump up ^ "The Internet resource for the International Temperature Scale of 1990". Archived from the original on 2009-08-15. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
External links
Neon at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
WebElements.com – Neon.
It's Elemental – Neon
USGS Periodic Table – Neon
Atomic Spectrum of Neon
Neon Museum, Las Vegas
[hide]
v
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e
Periodic table
(Large cells)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1
H He
2
Li Be B C N O F Ne
3
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
4
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
5
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
6
Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
7
Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
Alkali metal Alkaline earth metal Lanthanide Actinide Transition metal Post-transition metal Metalloid Polyatomic nonmetal Diatomic nonmetal Noble gas Unknown
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LCCN: sh85090790
GND: 4171442-8
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Neon (disambiguation)

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Kilojoule per mole

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Molar heat capacity

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Stable isotope

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Van der Waals forces

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Fluorescent bulb

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//doi.org/10.1515%2Fpac-2015-0305

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//www.worldcat.org/issn/0370-1662

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http://www.mantleplumes.org/Ne.html

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http://www.electricalfun.com/plasma.htm

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//doi.org/10.1109%2FTPS.2006.872440

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values: Meitnerium, 109 (unknown chemical properties)

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values: Roentgenium, 111 (unknown chemical properties)

values: Copernicium, 112 (post-transition metal)

values: Nihonium, 113 (unknown chemical properties)

values: Flerovium, 114 (unknown chemical properties)

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Polyatomic nonmetal

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Diatomic nonmetal

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values:
https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Afrikaans
af
af
interlanguage-link-target

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values:
https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C3%B3n
Neón – Aragonese
an
an
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Aromanian
roa-rup
roa-rup
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatatendy
Tatatendy – Guarani
gn
gn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Azerbaijani
az
az
interlanguage-link-target

values: নিয়ন – Bangla

values: Нэон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values: གསར་རླུང་། – Tibetan

values:
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Bosnian
bs
bs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Breton
br
br
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C3%B3
Neó – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Cebuano
ceb
ceb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neone
Neone – Corsican
co
co
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoon
Neoon – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values: Νέον – Greek

values: Неон – Erzya

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C3%B3n
Neón – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neono
Neono – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Fiji Hindi
hif
hif
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Faroese
fo
fo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9on
Néon – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C3%B6n
Neön – Western Frisian
fy
fy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Friulian
fur
fur
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Irish
ga
ga
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoin
Neoin – Manx
gv
gv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Scottish Gaelic
gd
gd
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Galician
gl
gl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1i
Nái – Hakka Chinese
hak
hak
interlanguage-link-target

values: नियोन – Hindi

values:
https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Croatian
hr
hr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neono
Neono – Ido
io
io
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Iloko
ilo
ilo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Interlingua
ia
ia
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Javanese
jv
jv
interlanguage-link-target

values: ನಿಯಾನ್ – Kannada

values:
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoni
Neoni – Swahili
sw
sw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neyon
Neyon – Haitian Creole
ht
ht
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Kurdish
ku
ku
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Latin
la
la
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neons
Neons – Latvian
lv
lv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Luxembourgish
lb
lb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonas
Neonas – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Ligurian
lij
lij
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Limburgish
li
li
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoni
Neoni – Lingala
ln
ln
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Livvi-Karelian
olo
olo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Lombard
lmo
lmo
interlanguage-link-target

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https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

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https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haukura
Haukura – Maori
mi
mi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Min Dong Chinese
cdo
cdo
interlanguage-link-target

values: နီယွန် – Burmese

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values:
https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Northern Frisian
frr
frr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Uzbek
uz
uz
interlanguage-link-target

values: नियोन – Pali

values:
https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Papiamento
pap
pap
interlanguage-link-target

values: នេអុង – Khmer

values:
https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Low German
nds
nds
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9on
Néon – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niyun
Niyun – Quechua
qu
qu
interlanguage-link-target

values: Неон – Rusyn

values:
https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Scots
sco
sco
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Saterland Frisian
stq
stq
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoni
Neoni – Albanian
sq
sq
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Sicilian
scn
scn
interlanguage-link-target

values: නියෝන් – Sinhala

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-si badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Simple English
simple
simple
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ne%C3%B3n
Neón – Slovak
sk
sk
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Slovenian
sl
sl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niyoon
Niyoon – Somali
so
so
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9on
Néon – Sundanese
su
su
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Tagalog
tl
tl
interlanguage-link-target

values: நியான் – Tamil

values: Неон – Tatar

values: నియాన్ – Telugu

values: นีออน – Thai

values: Неон – Tajik

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values: نىئون گازى – Uyghur

values:
https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Veps
vep
vep
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neon
Neon – Waray
war
war
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%96
氖 – Chinese
zh
zh
interlanguage-link-target

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