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List of Chicago Cubs first-round draft picks
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1998 Rookie of the Year Award winner Kerry Wood is one of two Cubs first-round draft picks so honored.
The Chicago Cubs are a Major League Baseball (MLB) franchise based in Chicago, Illinois. They play in the National League Central division. Since the institution of MLB's Rule 4 Draft, the Cubs have selected 60 players in the first round. Officially known as the "First-Year Player Draft",[1] the Rule 4 Draft is MLB's primary mechanism for assigning amateur baseball players from high schools, colleges, and other amateur baseball clubs to its teams. The draft order is determined based on the previous season's standings, with the team possessing the worst record receiving the first pick.[1] In addition, teams which lost free agents in the previous off-season may be awarded compensatory or supplementary picks.[2]
Of the 60 players picked in the first round by the Cubs, 30 have been pitchers, the most of any position; 24 of these were right-handed, while 6 were left-handed. Sixteen players picked in the initial round were outfielders, while eight shortstops, two catchers, and one player each at first base, second base, and third base were also taken.[3] The Cubs drafted 25 players out of high school, and 32 out of college. Chicago has drafted eleven players from high schools or colleges in the state of California, with six more coming from Texas and five from Indiana. The Cubs have also taken three players from their home state of Illinois.[3]
The Cubs' most recent World Series championship, in 2016, was the team's first in 108 years.[4] Four of the Cubs' first-round draft picks—Javier Báez (2011), Albert Almora (2012), Kris Bryant (2013), and Kyle Schwarber (2014)—were on the 2016 World Series roster. No pick has been elected to the Hall of Fame. Bryant is the Cubs' only first-round pick to be named Most Valuable Player in either the National or American League, winning NL honors in 2016.[5] He is also one of two picks to have been named NL Rookie of the Year with the Cubs, receiving this award in 2015;[6] the other is Kerry Wood, selected in 1995 and named Rookie of the Year in 1998.[7] One pick—1985 selection Rafael Palmeiro—is a member of both the 3,000 hit club and the 500 home run club.[8] The Cubs have held the first overall pick in the draft only once, in 1982, when they selected Shawon Dunston.[3]
The Cubs have received 13 compensatory picks, including nine selections made in the supplemental round of the draft since the institution of the First-Year Player Draft in 1965.[3] These additional picks are provided when a team loses a particularly valuable free agent in the previous off-season,[2][9][V] or, more recently, if a team fails to sign a draft pick from the previous year.[10] As the Cubs have signed all of their first-round picks, they have never been awarded a supplementary pick under this provision.
Contents
[hide]
1 Key
2 Picks
3 See also
4 Footnotes
5 References
Key[edit]
Year Links to an article about that year's Major League Baseball Draft
Position Indicates the secondary/collegiate position at which the player was drafted, rather than the professional position the player may have gone on to play
Pick Indicates the number of the pick
§ Indicates a supplemental pick
'16 Player was a member of the Cubs' 2016 championship team
Picks[edit]
Shawon Dunston (1982) is the only player the Cubs have taken with the first overall pick.
Corey Patterson (1998) is one of fifteen outfielders drafted by the Cubs.
Lou Montañez (2000) is one of seven shortstops taken by the Cubs.
Mark Prior (2001) was selected to the 2003 All-Star team.
Tyler Colvin (2006) is the Cubs' fourth selection out of South Carolina.
Year
Name
Position
School (location)
Pick
Ref
1965 Rick James Right-handed pitcher Coffee High School
(Florence, Alabama) 6 [11]
1966 Dean Burk Right-handed pitcher Highland High School
(Highland, Illinois) 5 [12]
1967 Terry Hughes Shortstop Dorman High School
(Spartanburg, South Carolina) 2 [13]
1968 Ralph Rickey Outfielder University of Oklahoma
(Norman, Oklahoma) 15 [14]
1969 Roger Metzger Shortstop St. Edward's University
(Austin, Texas) 16 [15]
1970 Gene Hiser Outfielder University of Maryland, College Park
(College Park, Maryland) 19 [16]
1971 Jeff Wehmeier Right-handed pitcher Brebeuf Jesuit Preparatory School
(Indianapolis, Indiana) 16 [17]
1972 Brian Vernoy Left-handed pitcher La Quinta High School
(La Quinta, California) 15 [18]
1973 Jerry Tabb First baseman University of Tulsa
(Tulsa, Oklahoma) 16 [19]
1974 Scot Thompson Outfielder Knoch High School
(Saxonburg, Pennsylvania) 7 [20]
1975 Brian Rosinski Outfielder Evanston Township High School
(Evanston, Illinois) 4 [21]
1976 Herman Segelke Right-handed pitcher El Camino High School
(San Francisco, California) 7 [22]
1977 Randy Martz Right-handed pitcher University of South Carolina
(Columbia, South Carolina) 12 [23]
1978 Bill Hayes Catcher Indiana State University
(Terre Haute, Indiana) 13 [24]
1979 Jon Perlman Right-handed pitcher Baylor University
(Waco, Texas) 12 [25]
1980 Don Schulze Right-handed pitcher Lake Park High School
(Roselle, Illinois) 11 [26]
1981 Joe Carter Outfielder Wichita State University
(Wichita, Kansas) 2 [27]
1981 Vance Lovelace Left-handed pitcher Hillsborough High School
(Tampa, Florida) 16[a] [27]
1982 Shawon Dunston Shortstop Thomas Jefferson High School
(Brooklyn, New York) 1 [28]
1982 Tony Woods Shortstop Whittier College
(Whittier, California) 17[b] [28]
1982 Stan Boderick Outfielder Thomas Richard Robinson High School
(Tampa, Florida) 27§[c] [28]
1983 Jackie Davidson Right-handed pitcher Everman Joe C. Bean High School
(Everman, Texas) 6 [29]
1984 Drew Hall Left-handed pitcher Morehead State University
(Morehead, Kentucky) 3 [30]
1985 Rafael Palmeiro Outfielder Mississippi State University
(Starkville, Mississippi) 22[d] [31]
1985 Dave Masters Right-handed pitcher University of California, Berkeley
(Berkeley, California) 24 [31]
1986 Derrick May Outfielder Newark High School
(Newark, Delaware) 9 [32]
1987 Mike Harkey Right-handed pitcher California State University, Fullerton
(Fullerton, California) 4 [33]
1988 Ty Griffin Second baseman Georgia Institute of Technology
(Atlanta, Georgia) 9 [34]
1989 Earl Cunningham Outfielder Lancaster High School
(Lancaster, South Carolina) 11 [35]
1990 Lance Dickson Left-handed pitcher University of Arizona
(Tucson, Arizona) 23 [36]
1991 Doug Glanville Outfielder University of Pennsylvania
(Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) 12 [37]
1992 Derek Wallace Right-handed pitcher Pepperdine University
(Malibu, California) 11 [38]
1993 Brooks Kieschnick Outfielder University of Texas at Austin
(Austin, Texas) 10 [39]
1993 Jon Ratliff Right-handed pitcher Le Moyne College
(Syracuse, New York) 24[e] [39]
1993 Kevin Orie Shortstop Indiana University Bloomington
(Bloomington, Indiana) 29§[f] [39]
1994 Jayson Peterson Right-handed pitcher East High School
(Denver, Colorado) 15 [40]
1995 Kerry Wood Right-handed pitcher Grand Prairie High School
(Grand Prairie, Texas) 4 [41]
1996 Todd Noel Right-handed pitcher North Vermillion High School
(Maurice, Louisiana) 17 [42]
1997 Jon Garland Right-handed pitcher John F. Kennedy High School
(Granada Hills, California) 10 [43]
1998 Corey Patterson Outfielder Harrison High School
(Kennesaw, Georgia) 3 [44]
1999 Ben Christensen Outfielder Wichita State University
(Wichita, Kansas) 26 [45]
2000 Lou Montañez Shortstop Miami Coral Park High School
(Miami, Florida) 3 [46]
2001 Mark Prior Right-handed pitcher University of Southern California
(Los Angeles, California) 2 [47]
2002 Bobby Brownlie Right-handed pitcher Rutgers University–New Brunswick
(New Brunswick, New Jersey) 21 [48]
2002 Luke Hagerty Left-handed pitcher Ball State University
(Muncie, Indiana) 32§[g] [48]
2002 Chadd Blasko Right-handed pitcher Purdue University
(West Lafayette, Indiana) 36§[h] [48]
2002 Matthew Clanton Right-handed pitcher Orange Coast College
(Costa Mesa, California) 38§[i] [48]
2003 Ryan Harvey Outfielder Dunedin High School
(Dunedin, Florida) 6 [49]
2004 no first-round pick[j] [3]
2005 Mark Pawelek Left-handed pitcher Springville High School
(Springville, Utah) 20 [50]
2006 Tyler Colvin Outfielder Clemson University
(Clemson, South Carolina) 13 [51]
2007 Josh Vitters Third baseman Cypress High School
(Cypress, California) 3 [52]
2007 Josh Donaldson Catcher Auburn University
(Auburn, Alabama) 48§[k] [52]
2008 Andrew Cashner Right-handed pitcher Texas Christian University
(Fort Worth, Texas) 19 [53]
2008 Ryan Flaherty Shortstop Vanderbilt University
(Nashville, Tennessee) 41§[l] [53]
2009 Brett Jackson Outfielder University of California, Berkeley
(Berkeley, California) 31 [54]
2010 Hayden Simpson Right-handed pitcher Southern Arkansas University
(Magnolia, Arkansas) 16 [55]
2011 Javier Báez '16 Shortstop Arlington Country Day School
(Jacksonville, Florida) 9 [56]
2012 Albert Almora '16 Outfielder Mater Academy Charter School
(Hialeah Gardens, Florida) 6 [57]
2012 Pierce Johnson Right-handed pitcher Missouri State University
(Springfield, Missouri) 43§[m] [57]
2012 Paul Blackburn Right-handed pitcher Heritage High School
(Brentwood, California)[a] 56§[n] [57]
2013 Kris Bryant '16 Third baseman University of San Diego
(San Diego, California) 2 [58]
2014 Kyle Schwarber '16 Catcher Indiana University Bloomington
(Bloomington, Indiana) 4 [59]
2015 Ian Happ Outfielder University of Cincinnati
(Cincinnati, Ohio) 9 [60]
2016 no first-round pick o [3]
2017 Brendon Little Left-handed pitcher State College of Florida, Manatee–Sarasota
(Bradenton, Florida)
27 [61]
2018 Nico Hoerner Shortstop Stanford University 24
Notes
Jump up ^ This is the city in Contra Costa County, and not to be confused with the Los Angeles neighborhood of the same name.
See also[edit]
Chicago Cubs minor league players
Footnotes[edit]
V Through the 2012 draft, free agents were evaluated by the Elias Sports Bureau and rated "Type A", "Type B", or not compensation-eligible. If a team offered arbitration to a player but that player refused and subsequently signed with another team, the original team was able to receive additional draft picks. If a "Type A" free agent left in this way, his previous team received a supplemental pick and a compensatory pick from the team with which he signed. If a "Type B" free agent left in this way, his previous team received only a supplemental pick.[62] Since the 2013 draft, free agents are no longer classified by type; instead, compensatory picks are only awarded if the team offered its free agent a contract worth at least the average of the 125 current richest MLB contracts.[63] However, if the free agent's last team acquired the player in a trade during the last year of his contract, it is ineligible to receive compensatory picks for that player.[64]
a The Cubs gained a compensatory first-round pick in 1981 from the Cincinnati Reds for losing free agent Larry Biittner.[65]
b The Cubs gained a compensatory first-round pick in 1982 from the Montreal Expos for losing free agent Tim Blackwell.[66]
c The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 1982 for losing free agent Tim Blackwell.[66]
d The Cubs gained a compensatory first-round pick in 1985 from the Baltimore Orioles for losing free agent Tim Stoddard.[67]
e The Cubs gained a compensatory first-round pick in 1993 from the Atlanta Braves for losing free agent Greg Maddux.[68]
f The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 1993 for losing free agent Greg Maddux.[68]
g The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2002 for losing free agent David Weathers.[69]
h The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2002 for losing free agent Rondell White.[69]
i The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2002 for losing free agent Todd Van Poppel.[69]
j The Cubs lost their first-round pick in 2004 to the Minnesota Twins as compensation for signing free agent LaTroy Hawkins.[70]
k The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2007 for losing free agent Juan Pierre.[71]
l The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2008 for losing free agent Jason Kendall.[72]
m The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2012 for losing free agent Aramis Ramírez.[57]
n The Cubs gained a supplemental first-round pick in 2012 for losing free agent Carlos Pena.[57]
o The Cubs lost their first-round pick in 2016 to the St. Louis Cardinals as compensation for signing free agent Jason Heyward.[73]
References[edit]
General references
"MLB First Round Draft Picks". ESPN.com. ESPN Internet Ventures. Retrieved July 17, 2010.
"Chicago Cubs 1st Round Picks in the MLB June Amateur Draft". Baseball-Reference.com. Sports Reference, LLC. Retrieved July 16, 2010.
"Chicago Cubs First Round Picks with Signing Bonuses". Fueled by Sports. Retrieved July 4, 2016.
In-text citations
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show
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Major League Baseball first-round draft picks by team
American League
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Central Division
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show
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Chicago Cubs first-round draft picks
1965: James
1966: Burk
1967: Hughes
1968: Rickey
1969: Metzger
1970: Hiser
1971: Wehmeier
1972: Vernoy
1973: Tabb
1974: Thompson
1975: Rosinski
1976: Segelke
1977: Martz
1978: Hayes
1979: Perlman
1980: Schulze
1981: Carter, Lovelace
1982: Dunston, Woods, Boderick
1983: Davidson
1984: Hall
1985: Palmeiro, Masters
1986: May
1987: Harkey
1988: Griffin
1989: Cunningham
1990: Dickson
1991: Glanville
1992: Wallace
1993: Kieschnick, Ratliff, Orie
1994: Peterson
1995: Wood
1996: Noel
1997: Garland
1998: Patterson
1999: Christensen
2000: Montañez
2001: Prior
2002: Brownlie, Hagerty, Blasko, Clanton
2003: Harvey
2004: None
2005: Pawelek
2006: Colvin
2007: Vitters, Donaldson
2008: Cashner, Flaherty
2009: Jackson
2010: Simpson
2011: Báez
2012: Almora, Johnson, Blackburn
2013: Bryant
2014: Schwarber
2015: Happ
2016: None
2017: Little, Lange
2018: Hoerner
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Chicago_Cubs_first-round_draft_picks&oldid=850539068"
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Climate of Los Angeles
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Downtown Los Angeles on a typically sunny day, but with unusual atmospheric clarity.
The Climate of Los Angeles is a year-round mild-to-hot and mostly dry climate for the Los Angeles metropolitan area in California. The climate is classified as a Mediterranean climate, which is a type of dry subtropical climate. It is characterized by seasonal changes in rainfall—with a dry summer and a winter rainy season. Under the modified Köppen climate classification, the coastal areas are classified as Csb, and the inland areas as Csa.
The Los Angeles area contains microclimates, where daytime temperatures can vary as much as 36 °F (20 °C) between inland areas such as the San Fernando Valley or San Gabriel Valley, and the coastal Los Angeles Basin.
Contents
1 Temperatures and seasons
1.1 Summer
1.2 Winter
1.3 Spring and Autumn
2 Rainfall
2.1 El Niño–Southern Oscillation
3 Surrounding areas in the region
3.1 Coastal Basin
3.1.1 LAX
3.1.2 Santa Monica
3.1.3 Culver City, Inglewood and Palms Area
3.1.4 Long Beach
3.2 San Fernando Valley
3.3 Orange County
3.3.1 North/Central Orange County
4 Extreme weather
4.1 Records
4.2 Santa Ana Winds
4.3 Heavy Rains, Landslides, and Debris Flows
4.4 Thunderstorms, Lightning, and Tornadoes
5 Sea temperatures
6 References
Temperatures and seasons[edit]
The primary weather station for Los Angeles is located near downtown at the University of Southern California campus, and this article refers primarily to climate data generated by this station as representative of the Los Angeles metropolitan area as a whole.
Los Angeles is a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen Csa), with hot, dry summers, and cooler wetter winters. While the typical dry-summer and wet-winter pattern typical of most Mediterranean climates is part of the climate of Los Angeles, precipitation annually is lower than many typical Mediterranean climates.
The summer dry season normally runs from June through October, when clear skies, hot temperatures, and very little change in sensible weather occur from day to day. Average high temperatures are in the lower 80's F (26-28 C) with overnight lows in the lower 60's F (15-17 C). During this season, there is essentially no rainfall, and both July and August average less than 0.05 of a inches (1.27 mm) of monthly precipitation.
The winter wet season normally runs from November through early May. Precipitation episodes in Los Angeles, with a few notable exceptions, are largely caused by extratropical disturbances approaching California from the west or northwest during the winter season. The normal seasonal rainfall measured at downtown Los Angeles is 14.77 inches, of which 92% falls between November 1st and April 30th. [1] While there is a great increase in rainfall in the winter months, the winter months in the Los Angeles are still frequently sunny and pleasant with mild temperatures. The average highs range from the upper 60's F to 70 F (17-21 C) with cooler overnight lows in the upper 40's and lower 50's F (8-12 C).
Climate data for Los Angeles (USC, Downtown), 1981–2010 averages, records 1877–present
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
95
(35) 95
(35) 99
(37) 106
(41) 103
(39) 112
(44) 109
(43) 106
(41) 113
(45) 108
(42) 100
(38) 92
(33) 113
(45)
Average high °F (°C)
68.2
(20.1) 68.6
(20.3) 70.2
(21.2) 72.7
(22.6) 74.5
(23.6) 78.1
(25.6) 83.1
(28.4) 84.4
(29.1) 83.1
(28.4) 78.5
(25.8) 72.8
(22.7) 67.7
(19.8) 75.2
(24)
Daily mean °F (°C)
58.0
(14.4) 58.9
(14.9) 60.6
(15.9) 63.1
(17.3) 65.8
(18.8) 69.2
(20.7) 73.3
(22.9) 74.3
(23.5) 73.1
(22.8) 68.6
(20.3) 62.4
(16.9) 57.6
(14.2) 65.4
(18.6)
Average low °F (°C)
47.8
(8.8) 49.3
(9.6) 51.0
(10.6) 53.5
(11.9) 57.1
(13.9) 60.3
(15.7) 63.6
(17.6) 64.1
(17.8) 63.1
(17.3) 58.7
(14.8) 52.0
(11.1) 47.5
(8.6) 55.7
(13.2)
Record low °F (°C)
28
(−2) 28
(−2) 31
(−1) 36
(2) 40
(4) 46
(8) 49
(9) 49
(9) 44
(7) 40
(4) 34
(1) 30
(−1) 28
(−2)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
3.12
(79.2) 3.80
(96.5) 2.43
(61.7) 0.91
(23.1) 0.26
(6.6) 0.09
(2.3) 0.01
(0.3) 0.04
(1) 0.24
(6.1) 0.66
(16.8) 1.04
(26.4) 2.33
(59.2) 14.93
(379.2)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 in)
6.1 6.4 5.5 3.2 1.3 0.6 0.3 0.3 1.0 2.5 3.3 5.2 35.7
Mean monthly sunshine hours
225.3 222.5 267.0 303.5 276.2 275.8 364.1 349.5 278.5 255.1 217.3 219.4 3,254.2
Percent possible sunshine
71 72 72 78 64 64 83 84 75 73 70 71 73
Source: NOAA (sun 1961–1977)[2][3][4]
Summer[edit]
Summer monsoon thunderstorms move westward across Greater Los Angeles, bringing heavy rain, strong winds, and intense lightning.
Summers are warm to hot, and nearly completely dry. The summer temperature pattern usually begins in late June or early July, and lasts through September or October, although it may start as early as late May. In August, the average high/low at the University of Southern California downtown campus are 84.8 °F (29.3 °C) and 65.6 °F (18.7 °C). The same figures at the LAX airport, approximately 12 miles (19 km) to the southwest and near the ocean, are 76.6 °F (24.8 °C) and 64.2 °F (17.9 °C). However, temperatures across the region sometimes exceed 90 °F (32 °C) during the summer. This happens when an atmospheric high-pressure area becomes dominant over the Great Basin of Nevada and Utah (a frequent occurrence), and the resulting offshore flow of the atmospheric air mass shuts off the normal coastal sea breeze in Los Angeles. July, August and September are the hottest months, with September holding the all-time record of 113 °F (45 °C). Skies are nearly constantly sunny, unless interrupted in late spring and early summer by the June Gloom pattern, which is unpredictable year-to-year. The North American Monsoon can bring occasional thunderstorms and high humidity to Los Angeles in the summer and early fall.
Typical June Gloom conditions in late morning at Seal Beach, June 2013.
Winter[edit]
Winters are mildly cool to warm, with average high temperatures at the Downtown/USC weather station of 68 °F (20 °C) and lows of 48 °F (9 °C), with occasional heavy rainfall. Temperatures across the coastal basin rarely drop below 40 °F (4 °C), although light frost does occasionally form during cooler nights, at least in areas removed from the direct influence of the coastal air (approximately 5 miles (8 km) inland from the beach). The last severe cold outbreak in the Los Angeles area occurred in December 1990, when temperatures dropped below freezing across a major portion of the coastal plain, and into the low to mid 20s F over inland valleys. Temperatures stayed below freezing for up to eight hours at some valley locations, resulting in significant damage to plants and commercial agriculture. [5]
In the winter months, high pressure systems over the deserts often bring Santa Ana winds, resulting in dry, and dusty days. On rare occasion, temperatures can reach into the 85 to 95 °F (29 to 35 °C) range during Santa Ana Winds even in December or January. Sunny skies characteristically dominate the weather pattern in the winter season, mixed in with the occasional rain producing weather system.
Spring and Autumn[edit]
Spring and autumn hardly exist as such in this climate. Summer temperature patterns of 75 to 90 °F (24 to 32 °C) highs and 60 to 70 °F (16 to 21 °C) lows usually persist until early-November. Likewise, the "winter-season" temperature pattern of 65 to 75 °F (18 to 24 °C) highs and 45 to 60 °F (7 to 16 °C) lows may last through April or May, periodically interrupted by hot Santa Ana wind events for up to a week at a time. The rainy season always ends by mid-May. June is normally a transitional month of less-volatile temperatures between 60 and 80 °F (16 and 27 °C), with increased cloudy days and the disappearance of the Santa Ana winds.
Rainfall[edit]
A very clear evening view of Mount Lee and the Hollywood Sign from the Griffith Observatory lawn, one day after a rain.
Rainfall, on average, is frequently below average. Most rain occurs during the winter and early to mid spring, typical of a Mediterranean climate. However, the amount received is usually lower than in other Mediterranean climates. The first sporadic rainfall of the rainy season usually occurs in October or November, with heavy rain becoming more common December through early April. Usually the Pineapple Express storms from November to January. February, on average, is the wettest month. The rains then taper off in April or by May, usually see only two to three light rain showers. However, the timing and volume of rains in the winter is far from predictable. After a significant rain, the region's air is cleared of the usual atmospheric haze as well as man-made smog, giving exceptionally clear views across the giant metropolis.
Rain clouds breaking up over South Los Angeles.
Most cold fronts and depressions spun off by the polar low, the strong winter seasonal low-pressure area in the Gulf of Alaska, fail to carry significant precipitable moisture as far south as Los Angeles, resulting in the region's relatively low average rainfall amount of 12–15 inches (300–380 mm) even in normal years. However, a "normal" year rarely occurs, since rainfall in Los Angeles is subject to the position and strength of the jet stream, and the strength of the Gulf of Alaska low. Some years, a well-developed series of cold fronts moves into the area with relatively short separation between each, bringing intermittently rainy periods to Los Angeles for several weeks at a time. If this pattern persists in a rainy season, significantly above-average precipitation will be received. Other years, especially in the drought years of 2012–2016, a blocking region of atmospheric high pressure over the eastern Pacific Ocean, between Alaska and the Pacific Northwest, diverts the jet stream and its flow of cold fronts far to the north through Canada and down into the U.S. Midwest, leaving the U.S. west coast and especially Los Angeles under warm and dry conditions for weeks to months at a time.
Because the rainy season begins in late fall and ends in early to mid spring, precipitation is measured using the water year instead of the calendar year, to give an accurate picture of each rainy season's precipitation amounts. Each water year begins October 1 and ends the following September 30, during the driest part of the year.
Sometimes rainfall can occur in the summer from westward-straying monsoon thunderstorms, but this is unusual. Even less common is rain from remnants of dissipating eastern Pacific hurricanes. Los Angeles averages only 15.1 inches (384 mm) of precipitation per year, and this is lower at the coast and higher in the mountains and foothill cities. Rain is typically brought with when High Pressure systems in the summer which move east in a clockwise across the western United States bringing motion bringing in Monsoonal Moisture to the area. This will usually occur during the summer months (usually in July–September). Snow is extremely rare in the Greater Los Angeles area and basin, but the nearby San Gabriel Mountains and San Bernardino Mountains typically receive a heavy amount of snow every winter season. The greatest snowfall recorded in downtown Los Angeles was 2 inches (5 cm) on January 15, 1932.[6][7]
El Niño–Southern Oscillation[edit]
Historically-speaking, the warm-phase of an El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) regime typically coincides with above average precipitation across Southern California.[8] The above average sea-surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific Ocean are largely responsible for this as the ocean acts as a rich moisture source for tropical moisture to advect towards the North American continent in atmospheric river events. Prior to the strong El Nino of 2015–2016, the previous two strong El Niño events[9] in 1982–83 and 1997–98 coincided with well-above average precipitation across Southern California.[10] While some measurements suggest the 2015-2016 El Niño was the strongest on record since 1950,[9] Southern California received below average precipitation contrary to what the Climate Prediction Center predicted leading up to the winter months.[11] While scientists have long agreed the intensity and timing of the winter precipitation pattern in Los Angeles is more complex than just analyzing the warm/cool phase of ENSO, the fact that Los Angeles received below average precipitation during the strong El Niño event of 2015–2016 will be the subject of numerous research studies among climate scientists.
Cumulonimbus thunderheads from the North American Monsoon over the Low Desert, approximately 100 miles (160 km) southeast of Los Angeles, as seen from El Cajon, California.
Surrounding areas in the region[edit]
Coastal Basin[edit]
The Los Angeles Basin, composed of the coastal plain surrounded by mountains, is generally the coolest in summer and mildest in winter. Overall, it receives less rainfall than the surrounding valleys and mountains.
LAX[edit]
LAX airport and its surroundings (Westchester and El Segundo, as well as Santa Monica, Venice, and the immediately surrounding neighborhoods) are generally the coolest part of the region in the summer, as they receive a near-constant sea breeze. Santa Monica and its environs may be 10 to 15 °F (6 to 8 °C) cooler than areas only 5 miles (8.0 km) further inland. Under the Köppen climate classification LAX has a semi-arid climate due to its modest winter rainfall and mild mean temperatures.
hideClimate data for Los Angeles (LAX), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1944–present
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
91
(33) 92
(33) 95
(35) 95
(35) 91
(33) 94
(34) 93
(34) 98
(37) 106
(41) 101
(38) 101
(38) 94
(34) 106
(41)
Average high °F (°C)
64.6
(18.1) 64.3
(17.9) 64.4
(18) 66.4
(19.1) 68.1
(20.1) 70.6
(21.4) 73.8
(23.2) 74.9
(23.8) 74.6
(23.7) 72.5
(22.5) 68.9
(20.5) 64.6
(18.1) 69.0
(20.6)
Daily mean °F (°C)
56.7
(13.7) 57.1
(13.9) 58.0
(14.4) 60.1
(15.6) 62.7
(17.1) 65.5
(18.6) 68.8
(20.4) 69.6
(20.9) 68.9
(20.5) 65.9
(18.8) 61.1
(16.2) 56.6
(13.7) 62.6
(17)
Average low °F (°C)
48.8
(9.3) 50.0
(10) 51.7
(10.9) 53.8
(12.1) 57.3
(14.1) 60.5
(15.8) 63.7
(17.6) 64.3
(17.9) 63.2
(17.3) 59.3
(15.2) 53.2
(11.8) 48.7
(9.3) 56.2
(13.4)
Record low °F (°C)
27
(−3) 34
(1) 35
(2) 42
(6) 45
(7) 48
(9) 52
(11) 51
(11) 47
(8) 43
(6) 38
(3) 32
(0) 27
(−3)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
2.71
(68.8) 3.25
(82.6) 1.85
(47) 0.70
(17.8) 0.22
(5.6) 0.08
(2) 0.03
(0.8) 0.05
(1.3) 0.21
(5.3) 0.56
(14.2) 1.11
(28.2) 2.05
(52.1) 12.82
(325.7)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 in)
6.0 6.6 5.8 2.8 1.2 0.6 0.5 0.3 1.0 2.3 3.4 5.2 35.7
Average relative humidity (%)
63.4 67.9 70.5 71.0 74.0 75.9 76.6 76.6 74.2 70.5 65.5 62.9 70.8
Source: NOAA (relative humidity 1961–1990)[2][12][13]
Santa Monica[edit]
Santa Monica has mean temperatures low enough for its precipitation numbers to still retain a cool-summer mediterranean climate (csb).
hideClimate data for Santa Monica Pier, California (on the beach)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Average high °F (°C)
63.7
(17.6) 63.4
(17.4) 62.1
(16.7) 63.4
(17.4) 63.6
(17.6) 65.9
(18.8) 68.8
(20.4) 70.3
(21.3) 70.5
(21.4) 69.6
(20.9) 67.3
(19.6) 64.8
(18.2) 66.1
(18.9)
Average low °F (°C)
50.2
(10.1) 51.3
(10.7) 52.1
(11.2) 53.9
(12.2) 56.5
(13.6) 59.4
(15.2) 62.1
(16.7) 63.1
(17.3) 62.6
(17) 59.4
(15.2) 54.3
(12.4) 50.5
(10.3) 56.3
(13.5)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
3.06
(77.7) 3.29
(83.6) 2.56
(65) 0.53
(13.5) 0.25
(6.4) 0.04
(1) 0.01
(0.3) 0.13
(3.3) 0.17
(4.3) 0.36
(9.1) 1.02
(25.9) 1.85
(47) 13.27
(337.1)
Average rainy days
6.0 5.9 5.1 2.4 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.8 2.5 4.0 30.8
Source: NOAA [14]
Culver City, Inglewood and Palms Area[edit]
Culver City, Inglewood, Palms, and surrounding areas are only a few miles inland from Santa Monica and the beach, but reach temperatures up to 10 degrees (F) warmer on average in the summer. Culver City has a semi-arid climate that is still significantly moderated by the Pacific trade winds keeping averages mild compared to areas farther inland.
hideClimate data for Culver City, California
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Average high °F (°C)
67.3
(19.6) 68.6
(20.3) 69.3
(20.7) 72.6
(22.6) 73.5
(23.1) 77.1
(25.1) 80.0
(26.7) 81.1
(27.3) 80.2
(26.8) 77.0
(25) 71.6
(22) 67.7
(19.8) 73.8
(23.2)
Daily mean °F (°C)
56.7
(13.7) 57.9
(14.4) 59.2
(15.1) 62.3
(16.8) 64.6
(18.1) 68.0
(20) 70.8
(21.6) 71.7
(22.1) 70.8
(21.6) 67.1
(19.5) 61.2
(16.2) 57.0
(13.9) 63.9
(17.7)
Average low °F (°C)
46.1
(7.8) 47.2
(8.4) 49.1
(9.5) 52.0
(11.1) 55.7
(13.2) 58.8
(14.9) 61.5
(16.4) 62.2
(16.8) 61.3
(16.3) 57.2
(14) 50.8
(10.4) 46.3
(7.9) 54.0
(12.2)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
3.19
(81) 3.25
(82.6) 2.66
(67.6) 0.58
(14.7) 0.26
(6.6) 0.04
(1) 0.02
(0.5) 0.07
(1.8) 0.08
(2) 0.33
(8.4) 0.94
(23.9) 1.90
(48.3) 13.32
(338.3)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 inch)
5.7 5.3 5.8 1.7 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.6 1.1 1.9 4.0 27.5
Source: NOAA[15]
Long Beach[edit]
Long Beach, located in the coastal basin about 20 miles (30 km) to the south of downtown Los Angeles, has a coastally-influenced climate, but is not as cool as Santa Monica, or the Westside, or the South Bay during the summer. Long Beach sits on a south-facing section of coast, and does not receive as much sea breeze cooling from the prevailing westerly/south-westerly winds (as these winds may pass over the Palos Verdes Peninsula, San Pedro, and the twin ports first). Long Beach's high temperature can compete with those of downtown Los Angeles. Locations further north in Long Beach, which stretches over 8.5 miles (13.7 km) northward from the water, can be considerably warmer than Long Beach's coast and airport weather station.
hideClimate data for Long Beach, California (Long Beach Airport)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
93
(34) 91
(33) 98
(37) 105
(41) 104
(40) 109
(43) 107
(42) 105
(41) 111
(44) 111
(44) 101
(38) 92
(33) 111
(44)
Average high °F (°C)
67.4
(19.7) 67.2
(19.6) 68.6
(20.3) 71.7
(22.1) 73.6
(23.1) 76.7
(24.8) 81.9
(27.7) 83.8
(28.8) 82.1
(27.8) 77.2
(25.1) 72.1
(22.3) 66.8
(19.3) 74.1
(23.4)
Daily mean °F (°C)
56.7
(13.7) 57.6
(14.2) 59.6
(15.3) 62.4
(16.9) 65.6
(18.7) 68.9
(20.5) 73.2
(22.9) 74.3
(23.5) 72.7
(22.6) 67.7
(19.8) 61.4
(16.3) 56.3
(13.5) 64.7
(18.2)
Average low °F (°C)
46.1
(7.8) 48.0
(8.9) 50.5
(10.3) 53.2
(11.8) 57.6
(14.2) 61.0
(16.1) 64.5
(18.1) 64.9
(18.3) 63.2
(17.3) 58.3
(14.6) 50.8
(10.4) 45.8
(7.7) 55.3
(12.9)
Record low °F (°C)
25
(−4) 33
(1) 33
(1) 38
(3) 40
(4) 47
(8) 51
(11) 51
(11) 50
(10) 39
(4) 34
(1) 28
(−2) 25
(−4)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
2.60
(66) 3.09
(78.5) 1.87
(47.5) 0.60
(15.2) 0.21
(5.3) 0.07
(1.8) 0.03
(0.8) 0.03
(0.8) 0.18
(4.6) 0.63
(16) 1.00
(25.4) 1.95
(49.5) 12.26
(311.4)
Average rainy days (≥ 0.01 in)
5.9 6.5 5.3 3.1 1.1 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.9 2.5 3.4 5.0 35.2
Source: NOAA[16]
San Fernando Valley[edit]
The San Fernando Valley is known for significantly higher temperatures than the coastal basin. Canoga Park and Woodland Hills, in the south-west end of the valley, typically record the highest temperatures. The all-time high of 116 °F (47 °C) nearly rivals the record high temperatures of Phoenix, Arizona (122 °F (50 °C)) and Palm Springs (123 °F (51 °C)). The city of Burbank, at the eastern end of the Valley, is also known for being significantly hotter than downtown Los Angeles, which is only 9 miles (14 km) to the south. During winter both the Canoga Park and Burbank weather stations are significantly wetter than some coastal stations and thus retain hot-summer mediterranean climates (csa). By comparison, Canoga Park has quite cool summer nights, in contrast to many other interior Southern California areas.
hideClimate data for Los Angeles (Canoga Park, in the San Fernando Valley)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
93
(34) 94
(34) 101
(38) 105
(41) 113
(45) 113
(45) 115
(46) 116
(47) 115
(46) 110
(43) 99
(37) 96
(36) 116
(47)
Average high °F (°C)
67.9
(19.9) 69.9
(21.1) 72.0
(22.2) 77.7
(25.4) 81.3
(27.4) 88.8
(31.6) 95.0
(35) 96.0
(35.6) 91.7
(33.2) 84.4
(29.1) 74.7
(23.7) 68.8
(20.4) 80.7
(27.1)
Daily mean °F (°C)
53.7
(12.1) 55.4
(13) 57.2
(14) 61.3
(16.3) 65.2
(18.4) 71.0
(21.7) 76.0
(24.4) 76.8
(24.9) 73.5
(23.1) 66.8
(19.3) 58.2
(14.6) 53.6
(12) 64.1
(17.8)
Average low °F (°C)
39.5
(4.2) 40.9
(4.9) 42.3
(5.7) 44.8
(7.1) 49.1
(9.5) 53.2
(11.8) 56.9
(13.8) 57.6
(14.2) 55.2
(12.9) 49.2
(9.6) 41.7
(5.4) 38.3
(3.5) 47.4
(8.6)
Record low °F (°C)
19
(−7) 18
(−8) 26
(−3) 30
(−1) 33
(1) 36
(2) 42
(6) 42
(6) 38
(3) 27
(−3) 23
(−5) 20
(−7) 18
(−8)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
3.83
(97.3) 4.40
(111.8) 3.60
(91.4) 0.88
(22.4) 0.32
(8.1) 0.07
(1.8) 0.01
(0.3) 0.15
(3.8) 0.24
(6.1) 0.62
(15.7) 1.29
(32.8) 2.38
(60.5) 17.79
(452)
Average rainy days
6.2 5.9 6.1 3.0 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.7 1.3 2.0 3.2 4.4 34.6
Source: NOAA[17]
hideClimate data for Burbank, California
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
93
(34) 92
(33) 98
(37) 105
(41) 107
(42) 111
(44) 110
(43) 111
(44) 113
(45) 108
(42) 101
(38) 92
(33) 113
(45)
Average high °F (°C)
70
(21) 71
(22) 74
(23) 77
(25) 82
(28) 85
(29) 90
(32) 92
(33) 91
(33) 83
(28) 76
(24) 70
(21) 80
(27)
Average low °F (°C)
45
(7) 46
(8) 47
(8) 50
(10) 55
(13) 61
(16) 64
(18) 65
(18) 63
(17) 57
(14) 48
(9) 45
(7) 54
(12)
Record low °F (°C)
22
(−6) 27
(−3) 22
(−6) 32
(0) 39
(4) 43
(6) 45
(7) 46
(8) 43
(6) 33
(1) 29
(−2) 22
(−6) 22
(−6)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
3.53
(89.7) 4.62
(117.3) 2.97
(75.4) 1.11
(28.2) .35
(8.9) .11
(2.8) .02
(0.5) .07
(1.8) .23
(5.8) .97
(24.6) 1.07
(27.2) 2.40
(61) 17.45
(443.2)
Source: Weather.com[18]
Orange County[edit]
North/Central Orange County[edit]
The climate of Santa Ana, the county seat of Orange County, as well as Anaheim, both in north-central Orange County, are quite similar, and typical of locations on the coastal plain 10 to 15 miles (16 to 24 km) inland from the beach. Whilst Santa Ana sits firmly on the border between the semi-arid and the hot-summer mediterranean climate, Anaheim is firmly a semi-arid climate with very low precipitation for the Los Angeles metropolitan area.
hideClimate data for Santa Ana, California
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Average high °F (°C)
69
(21) 70
(21) 71
(22) 74
(23) 75
(24) 79
(26) 83
(28) 84
(29) 83
(28) 80
(27) 74
(23) 70
(21) 75.9
(24.4)
Average low °F (°C)
47
(8) 48
(9) 50
(10) 52
(11) 56
(13) 60
(16) 63
(17) 64
(18) 63
(17) 58
(14) 51
(11) 46
(8) 54.8
(12.7)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
3.19
(81) 3.03
(77) 2.8
(71) 0.67
(17) 0.24
(6.1) 0.12
(3) 0.04
(1) 0.12
(3) 0.35
(8.9) 0.35
(8.9) 1.18
(30) 1.77
(45) 13.86
(351.9)
Source: U.S. Climate Data[19]
hideClimate data for Anaheim, California
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Average high °F (°C)
69
(21) 69
(21) 70
(21) 73
(23) 75
(24) 79
(26) 84
(29) 86
(30) 85
(29) 80
(27) 74
(23) 70
(21) 76
(24)
Average low °F (°C)
45
(7) 47
(8) 48
(9) 51
(11) 56
(13) 60
(16) 62
(17) 63
(17) 62
(17) 56
(13) 51
(11) 46
(8) 54
(12)
Average rainfall inches (mm)
2.4
(61) 2.8
(71) 2.5
(64) 0.6
(15) 0.1
(3) 0.1
(3) 0.0
(0) 0.0
(0) 0.1
(3) 0.2
(5) 0.8
(20) 1.3
(33) 10.9
(278)
Source: U.S. Climate Data[20]
Extreme weather[edit]
Records[edit]
In downtown Los Angeles, weather records began on July 1, 1877. The highest temperature recorded in downtown Los Angeles was 113 °F (45 °C) on September 27, 2010. The lowest temperature was 28 °F (−2 °C) on January 7, 1913 and on January 4, 1949.[21] The wettest “rain year” from July to the following June was 1883/1884 with 38.18 inches (969.8 mm), and the driest 2006/2007 with 3.21 inches (81.5 mm).[22] The greatest rainfall in one month was 15.80 inches (401.3 mm) in December 1889, which also had the most days – twenty – receiving at least 0.01 inches (0.3 mm) of rain. The greatest rainfall in 24 hours was 5.68 inches (144.3 mm) on March 2, 1938.[23]
At the Los Angeles International Airport, the highest recorded temperature was 110 °F (43 °C) on September 26, 1963. The lowest temperature was 27 °F (−3 °C) on January 4, 1949. The wettest year was 1983 with 29.46 inches (748 mm) and the driest year was 1947 with 2.95 inches (74.9 mm). The greatest rainfall in one month was 13.79 inches (350 mm) in February 1998. The greatest rainfall in 24 hours was 5.60 inches (142.2 mm) on November 21, 1967.[24]
In Long Beach, the highest recorded temperature was 111 °F (44 °C) on October 16, 1958, and October 15, 1961, and again on September 27, 2010. The lowest temperature was 21 °F (−6 °C) on January 20, 1922. The wettest year was 1978 with 27.67 inches (703 mm). The driest year was 2002 with 2.63 inches (66.8 mm). The greatest rainfall in one month was 14.50 inches (368 mm) in January 1969, including a record 24-hour rainfall of 6.71 inches (170.4 mm) on January 20 that month. [25][26]
Snowfall inside the city of Los Angeles is rare. The record snowfall occurred on January 19th, 1949, when 3.0 inches (7.6 cm) of snow fell inside city limits, however Burbank reported 4.7 inches. Since official records were first kept in 1877, the downtown Los Angeles weather station observed measurable snowfall three times, in 1882, 1932, and 1949. .[27]
Santa Ana Winds[edit]
Main article: Santa Ana winds
The Santa Ana winds in Southern California sweep from the deserts and across the Los Angeles metropolitan area pushing smoke from wildfires far out into the Pacific Ocean.
The Santa Ana winds are strong, extremely dry offshore winds that characteristically sweep across Southern California and northern Baja California during late fall into winter season. They range from hot to cold, depending on the prevailing temperatures in the source region, the Great Basin and upper Mojave Desert. Nevertheless, the winds are notorious for causing hot, dry weather due to compressional heating of the lower atmosphere.
Notable Santa Ana windstorms happen several times a year between fall and spring. Once every several years a strong windstorm causes significant damage, toppling or uprooting large old trees and damaging structures across the region.
Heavy Rains, Landslides, and Debris Flows[edit]
While overall precipitation is low, the rain that does fall occasionally comes in brief heavy storms. Combined with steep mountain slopes and recent burn areas from wildfires, these heavy rains often cause landslides and debris flows in foothill areas, damaging structures and blocking roads.
Thunderstorms, Lightning, and Tornadoes[edit]
Textbook cumulonimbus-formed summer thunderstorms are fairly rare[28] in Los Angeles, because the atmosphere over the coastal basin is generally too stable and dry, especially during summer, to allow the strong vertical development necessary for mature cumulonimbus clouds. Full, mature thunderstorms can develop in the surrounding deserts and mountains during the summer North American Monsoon, but rarely over the Los Angeles metropolitan region and coastal basin but the moisture is coming off on Gulf of Mexico and Gulf of California. This atmospheric stability is largely due to the cool and persistent marine layer, which is fueled by the constant influx of cold Pacific water via the California Current. Summer thunderstorms that do manage to form on the coastal basin are typically associated with the North American Monsoon and/or tropical cyclones, or downburst winds, which can bring enough tropical heat and moisture to overcome the cool marine layer, destabilizing the atmosphere.
Though still relatively rare, thunderstorms most often occur during warm southerly-flow winter rain storms. These warm storms are different from the typical northwesterly cold fronts that bring most of the region's winter precipitation. Atmospheric instability caused by these warm winter storm systems allows the formation of small, weak, isolated thunderstorms, which tend to move across the area quickly, producing a few rumbles of thunder, and soon dissipate back into the larger rain storm system. Occasionally, these bring impressive displays of lightning, hail, and damaging winds to small localities within the region. Small, weak, isolated tornadoes can occur during these events, but are exceedingly rare. Likewise, weak-to-moderate-strength waterspouts may form over the ocean (typically off the stretch of coast between Long Beach and Huntington Beach) during warm winter storms, but again, this is very rare.
Sea temperatures[edit]
The average annual temperature of the sea is 63 °F (17 °C), from 58 °F (14 °C) in January to 68 °F (20 °C) in August.[29]
Average sea temperature:[29]
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
58 °F (14 °C) 58 °F (14 °C) 60 °F (16 °C) 60 °F (16 °C) 61 °F (16 °C) 63 °F (17 °C) 66 °F (19 °C) 68 °F (20 °C) 67 °F (19 °C) 66 °F (19 °C) 64 °F (18 °C) 60 °F (16 °C) 63 °F (17 °C)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ {{cite web|url=http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/lox/climate/climate_intro.php
^ Jump up to: a b "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Station Name: CA LOS ANGELES DWTN USC CAMPUS". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2014-05-09.
Jump up ^ "LOS ANGELES/WBO CA Climate Normals". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ {{cite web|urlhttps://www.wrh.noaa.gov/lox/climate/climate_intro.php
Jump up ^ Rasmussen, Cecilia (2005-03-10). "We're Not in Kansas, but We Do Get Twisters – Los Angeles Times". Articles.latimes.com. Retrieved 2009-01-08.
Jump up ^ Burt, Christopher. Extreme Weather: A Guide and Record Book. New York: Norton, 2004: 100.
Jump up ^ "ENSO and California Precipitation" (PDF). California Department of Water Resources. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Monitoring & Data: ENSO Impacts on the U.S. – Previous Events". Climate Prediction Center.
Jump up ^ Lin II, Rong-Gong. "Is El Niño wimping out in Southern California? Not quite". Los Angeles Times.
Jump up ^ "Dec–Jan–Feb_2015". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration – Climate Prediction Center. Retrieved 29 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Station Name: CA LOS ANGELES INTL AP". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2014-05-09.
Jump up ^ "WMO Climate Normals for LOS ANGELES/INTL, CA 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2014-04-17.
Jump up ^ "NCDC: U.S. Climate Normals" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Jump up ^ "Climatography of the United States No. 20 (1971–2000) – Culver City, CA" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2004. Retrieved 2010-07-25.
Jump up ^ "NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved July 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Climatography of the United States No. 20 (1971–2000) – Canoga Park Pierce Collg, CA" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2004. Retrieved 2010-06-19.
Jump up ^ "Average weather for Burbank". Weather.com. Retrieved March 29, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Monthly averages for Santa Ana, California". Retrieved February 27, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Monthly averages for Anaheim, California, United States of America". Retrieved 27 February 2009.
Jump up ^ http://climexp.knmi.nl/data/mgdcnUSC00045115.dat[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Los Angeles and San Diego rainfall
Jump up ^ "LOS ANGELES DWTN USC CAMPUS, CALIFORNIA – Climate Summary". Western Regional Climate Center.
Jump up ^ "LOS ANGELES INTL AP, CALIFORNIA – Climate Summary". Western Regional Climate Center.
Jump up ^ "LONG BEACH, CALIFORNIA (045082): Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary". Western Regional Climate Center.
Jump up ^ "LONG BEACH DAUGHERTY FLD, CALIFORNIA (045085): Period of Record Monthly Climate Summary". Western Regional Climate Center.
Jump up ^ https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/why-hasnt-it-snowed-in-los-angeles-since-1962. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Rare Southern California summer storm breaks regional rainfall records". Fox News. Associated Press. 19 July 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Pacific Ocean Temperatures on California Coast" – beachcalifornia.com
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