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2018 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group F
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The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group F was one of the nine UEFA groups for 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification. The group consisted of six teams: England, Slovakia, Scotland, Slovenia, Lithuania, and Malta.
The draw for the first round (group stage) was held as part of the 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Draw on 25 July 2015, starting 18:00 MSK (UTC+3), at the Konstantinovsky Palace in Strelna, Saint Petersburg, Russia.[1][2]
The group winners, England, qualified directly for the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The group runners-up, Slovakia, were eliminated as the worst runners-up.[1]
Contents
1 Standings
2 Matches
3 Goalscorers
4 Discipline
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Standings[edit]
show2018 FIFA World Cup qualification tiebreakers
In league format, the ranking of teams in each group is based on the following criteria (regulations Articles 20.6 and 20.7):[3]
Points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss)
Overall goal difference
Overall goals scored
Points in matches between tied teams
Goal difference in matches between tied teams
Goals scored in matches between tied teams
Away goals scored in matches between tied teams (if the tie is only between two teams in home-and-away league format)
Fair play points
first yellow card: minus 1 point
indirect red card (second yellow card): minus 3 points
direct red card: minus 4 points
yellow card and direct red card: minus 5 points
Drawing of lots by the FIFA Organising Committee
Pos
Team
[
v
t
e
]
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
England 10 8 2 0 18 3 +15 26 Qualification to 2018 FIFA World Cup — 2–1 3–0 1–0 2–0 2–0
2
Slovakia 10 6 0 4 17 7 +10 18 0–1 — 3–0 1–0 4–0 3–0
3
Scotland 10 5 3 2 17 12 +5 18 2–2 1–0 — 1–0 1–1 2–0
4
Slovenia 10 4 3 3 12 7 +5 15 0–0 1–0 2–2 — 4–0 2–0
5
Lithuania 10 1 3 6 7 20 −13 6 0–1 1–2 0–3 2–2 — 2–0
6
Malta 10 0 1 9 3 25 −22 1 0–4 1–3 1–5 0–1 1–1 —
Source: FIFA
Rules for classification: Qualification tiebreakers
Matches[edit]
The fixture list was confirmed by UEFA on 26 July 2015, the day following the draw.[1][4] Times are CET/CEST,[note 1] as listed by UEFA (local times are in parentheses).[5]
4 September 2016 (2016-09-04)18:00
(19:00 UTC+3)
Lithuania
2–2
Slovenia
Černych 32'
Slivka 34'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Krhin 77'
Cesar 90+3'
LFF Stadium, Vilnius
Attendance: 4,114
Referee: Artur Soares Dias (Portugal)
4 September 2016 (2016-09-04)18:00
(18:00 UTC+2)
Slovakia
0–1
England
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Lallana 90+5'
Štadión Antona Malatinského, Trnava
Attendance: 18,111
Referee: Milorad Mažić (Serbia)
4 September 2016 (2016-09-04)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Malta
1–5
Scotland
Effiong 14'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Snodgrass 10', 61' (pen.), 84'
C. Martin 53'
S. Fletcher 78'
National Stadium, Ta' Qali
Attendance: 15,069
Referee: Yevhen Aranovsky (Ukraine)
8 October 2016 (2016-10-08)18:00
(17:00 UTC+1)
England
2–0
Malta
Sturridge 29'
Alli 38'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 81,781
Referee: Stefan Johannesson (Sweden)
8 October 2016 (2016-10-08)20:45
(19:45 UTC+1)
Scotland
1–1
Lithuania
McArthur 89'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Černych 59'
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Attendance: 35,966
Referee: Tobias Stieler (Germany)
8 October 2016 (2016-10-08)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Slovenia
1–0
Slovakia
Kronaveter 74'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Stožice Stadium, Ljubljana
Attendance: 10,492
Referee: Nicola Rizzoli (Italy)
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)20:45
(21:45 UTC+3)
Lithuania
2–0
Malta
Černych 76'
Novikovas 84' (pen.)
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
LFF Stadium, Vilnius
Attendance: 5,067
Referee: Jesús Gil Manzano (Spain)
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Slovakia
3–0
Scotland
Mak 18', 56'
Nemec 68'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Štadión Antona Malatinského, Trnava
Attendance: 11,098
Referee: Martin Strömbergsson (Sweden)
11 October 2016 (2016-10-11)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Slovenia
0–0
England
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Stožice Stadium, Ljubljana
Attendance: 13,274
Referee: Deniz Aytekin (Germany)
11 November 2016 (2016-11-11)20:45
(19:45 UTC±0)
England
3–0
Scotland
Sturridge 23'
Lallana 50'
Cahill 61'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 87,258
Referee: Cüneyt Çakır (Turkey)
11 November 2016 (2016-11-11)20:45
(20:45 UTC+1)
Malta
0–1
Slovenia
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Verbič 47'
National Stadium, Ta' Qali
Attendance: 4,207
Referee: Paweł Raczkowski (Poland)
11 November 2016 (2016-11-11)20:45
(20:45 UTC+1)
Slovakia
4–0
Lithuania
Nemec 12'
Kucka 15'
Škrtel 36'
Hamšík 86'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Štadión Antona Malatinského, Trnava
Attendance: 9,653
Referee: Anastasios Sidiropoulos (Greece)
26 March 2017 (2017-03-26)18:00
(17:00 UTC+1)
England
2–0
Lithuania
Defoe 22'
Vardy 66'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 77,690
Referee: Ruddy Buquet (France)
26 March 2017 (2017-03-26)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Malta
1–3
Slovakia
Farrugia 14'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Weiss 2'
Greguš 41'
Nemec 84'
National Stadium, Ta' Qali
Attendance: 4,980
Referee: Ali Palabıyık (Turkey)
26 March 2017 (2017-03-26)20:45
(19:45 UTC+1)
Scotland
1–0
Slovenia
C. Martin 88'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Attendance: 20,435
Referee: Björn Kuipers (Netherlands)
10 June 2017 (2017-06-10)18:00
(17:00 UTC+1)
Scotland
2–2
England
Griffiths 87', 90'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Oxlade-Chamberlain 70'
Kane 90+3'
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Attendance: 48,520
Referee: Paolo Tagliavento (Italy)
10 June 2017 (2017-06-10)18:00
(18:00 UTC+2)
Slovenia
2–0
Malta
Iličić 45+2'
Novaković 84'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Stožice Stadium, Ljubljana
Attendance: 7,839
Referee: Simon Lee Evans (Wales)
10 June 2017 (2017-06-10)20:45
(21:45 UTC+3)
Lithuania
1–2
Slovakia
Novikovas 90+3'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Weiss 32'
Hamšík 58'
LFF Stadium, Vilnius
Attendance: 4,083
Referee: Manuel Gräfe (Germany)
1 September 2017 (2017-09-01)20:45
(21:45 UTC+3)
Lithuania
0–3
Scotland
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Armstrong 25'
Robertson 30'
McArthur 72'
LFF Stadium, Vilnius
Attendance: 5,067
Referee: Carlos del Cerro Grande (Spain)
1 September 2017 (2017-09-01)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Malta
0–4
England
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Kane 53', 90+2'
Bertrand 86'
Welbeck 90+1'
National Stadium, Ta' Qali
Attendance: 16,994
Referee: Artur Soares Dias (Portugal)
1 September 2017 (2017-09-01)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Slovakia
1–0
Slovenia
Mevlja 81' (o.g.)
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Štadión Antona Malatinského, Trnava
Attendance: 16,896
Referee: Antonio Mateu Lahoz (Spain)
4 September 2017 (2017-09-04)20:45
(19:45 UTC+1)
England
2–1
Slovakia
Dier 37'
Rashford 59'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Lobotka 3'
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 67,823
Referee: Clément Turpin (France)
4 September 2017 (2017-09-04)20:45
(19:45 UTC+1)
Scotland
2–0
Malta
Berra 9'
Griffiths 49'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Attendance: 26,371
Referee: Jakob Kehlet (Denmark)
4 September 2017 (2017-09-04)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Slovenia
4–0
Lithuania
Iličić 25' (pen.), 61' (pen.)
Verbič 82'
Birsa 90'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Stožice Stadium, Ljubljana
Attendance: 6,230
Referee: István Kovács (Romania)
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)20:45
(19:45 UTC+1)
England
1–0
Slovenia
Kane 90+4'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 61,598
Referee: Felix Zwayer (Germany)
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)20:45
(20:45 UTC+2)
Malta
1–1
Lithuania
Agius 23'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Slivka 53'
National Stadium, Ta' Qali
Attendance: 3,431
Referee: Zaven Hovhannisyan (Armenia)
5 October 2017 (2017-10-05)20:45
(19:45 UTC+1)
Scotland
1–0
Slovakia
Škrtel 89' (o.g.)
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Hampden Park, Glasgow
Attendance: 46,773
Referee: Milorad Mažić (Serbia)
8 October 2017 (2017-10-08)18:00
(19:00 UTC+3)
Lithuania
0–1
England
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Kane 27' (pen.)
LFF Stadium, Vilnius
Attendance: 5,067
Referee: Orel Grinfeeld (Israel)
8 October 2017 (2017-10-08)18:00
(18:00 UTC+2)
Slovakia
3–0
Malta
Nemec 33', 62'
Duda 69'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Štadión Antona Malatinského, Trnava
Attendance: 17,774
Referee: Paolo Mazzoleni (Italy)
8 October 2017 (2017-10-08)18:00
(18:00 UTC+2)
Slovenia
2–2
Scotland
Bezjak 52', 72'
Report (FIFA)
Report (UEFA)
Griffiths 32'
Snodgrass 88'
Stožice Stadium, Ljubljana
Attendance: 11,123
Referee: Jonas Eriksson (Sweden)
Goalscorers[edit]
There were 74 goals scored in 30 matches, for an average of 2.47 goals per match.
5 goals
Harry Kane
Adam Nemec
4 goals
Leigh Griffiths
Robert Snodgrass
3 goals
Fiodor Černych
Josip Iličić
2 goals
Adam Lallana
Daniel Sturridge
Arvydas Novikovas
Vykintas Slivka
Chris Martin
James McArthur
Marek Hamšík
Róbert Mak
Vladimír Weiss
Roman Bezjak
Benjamin Verbič
1 goal
Dele Alli
Ryan Bertrand
Gary Cahill
Jermain Defoe
Eric Dier
Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain
Marcus Rashford
Jamie Vardy
Danny Welbeck
Andrei Agius
Alfred Effiong
Jean Paul Farrugia
Stuart Armstrong
Christophe Berra
Steven Fletcher
Andrew Robertson
Ondrej Duda
Ján Greguš
Juraj Kucka
Stanislav Lobotka
Martin Škrtel
Valter Birsa
Boštjan Cesar
Rene Krhin
Rok Kronaveter
Milivoje Novaković
1 own goal
Martin Škrtel (against Scotland)
Miha Mevlja (against Slovakia)
Discipline[edit]
A player is automatically suspended for the next match for the following offences:[3]
Receiving a red card (red card suspensions may be extended for serious offences)
Receiving two yellow cards in two different matches (yellow card suspensions are carried forward to the play-offs, but not the finals or any other future international matches)
The following suspensions were served during the qualifying matches:
Player
Team
Offence(s)
Suspended for match(es)
Mišo Brečko Slovenia vs Ukraine in UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying (17 November 2015) vs Lithuania (4 September 2016)
Martin Škrtel Slovakia vs England (4 September 2016) vs Slovenia (8 October 2016)
Jonathan Caruana Malta vs Scotland (4 September 2016) vs England (8 October 2016)
Luke Gambin Malta vs Scotland (4 September 2016) vs England (8 October 2016)
vs Lithuania (11 October 2016)
Tomáš Hubočan Slovakia vs England (4 September 2016)
vs Slovenia (8 October 2016) vs Scotland (11 October 2016)
Jonathan Caruana Malta vs Lithuania (11 October 2016) vs Slovenia (11 November 2016)
vs Slovakia (26 March 2017)
Aljaž Struna Slovenia vs Slovakia (8 October 2016)
vs England (11 October 2016) vs Malta (11 November 2016)
Gary Cahill England vs Slovenia (11 October 2016)
vs Scotland (11 November 2016) vs Lithuania (26 March 2017)
Georgas Freidgeimas Lithuania vs Scotland (8 October 2016)
vs Slovakia (11 November 2016) vs England (26 March 2017)
Andrei Agius Malta vs Lithuania (11 October 2016)
vs Slovenia (11 November 2016) vs Slovakia (26 March 2017)
Egidijus Vaitkūnas Lithuania vs Scotland (8 October 2016)
vs England (26 March 2017) vs Slovakia (10 June 2017)
Artūras Žulpa Lithuania vs Slovenia (4 September 2016)
vs England (26 March 2017) vs Slovakia (10 June 2017)
Jean Paul Farrugia Malta vs Slovakia (26 March 2017) vs Slovenia (10 June 2017)
Juraj Kucka Slovakia vs Slovenia (8 October 2016)
vs Malta (26 March 2017) vs Lithuania (10 June 2017)
Adam Nemec Slovakia vs Malta (26 March 2017) vs Lithuania (10 June 2017)
Valter Birsa Slovenia vs England (11 October 2016)
vs Scotland (26 March 2017) vs Malta (10 June 2017)
Boštjan Cesar Slovenia vs Slovakia (8 October 2016)
vs Scotland (26 March 2017) vs Malta (10 June 2017)
Miral Samardžić Slovenia vs Lithuania (4 September 2016)
vs Scotland (26 March 2017) vs Malta (10 June 2017)
Eric Dier England vs Slovenia (11 October 2016)
vs Scotland (10 June 2017) vs Malta (1 September 2017)
Alfred Effiong Malta vs Scotland (4 September 2016)
vs Slovenia (10 June 2017) vs England (1 September 2017)
Paul Fenech Malta vs Scotland (4 September 2016)
vs Slovenia (10 June 2017) vs England (1 September 2017)
Nerijus Valskis Lithuania vs Malta (11 October 2016)
vs Slovakia (10 June 2017) vs Scotland (1 September 2017)
Ján Ďurica Slovakia vs Slovenia (8 October 2016)
vs Lithuania (10 June 2017) vs Slovenia (1 September 2017)
Martin Škrtel Slovakia vs Malta (26 March 2017)
vs Lithuania (10 June 2017) vs Slovenia (1 September 2017)
Linas Klimavičius Lithuania vs Slovakia (10 June 2017)
vs Slovenia (4 September 2017) vs Malta (5 October 2017)
Darvydas Šernas Lithuania vs Slovakia (10 June 2017)
vs Slovenia (4 September 2017) vs Malta (5 October 2017)
Ryan Fenech Malta vs Slovenia (10 June 2017)
vs Scotland (4 September 2017) vs Lithuania (5 October 2017)
Milan Škriniar Slovakia vs Lithuania (10 June 2017)
vs England (4 September 2017) vs Scotland (5 October 2017)
Mantas Kuklys Lithuania vs Scotland (8 October 2016)
vs Malta (5 October 2017) vs England (8 October 2017)
Zach Muscat Malta vs Slovenia (11 November 2016)
vs Lithuania (5 October 2017) vs Slovakia (8 October 2017)
Róbert Mak Slovakia vs Scotland (5 October 2017) vs Malta (8 October 2017)
Valter Birsa Slovenia vs Slovakia (1 September 2017)
vs England (5 October 2017) vs Scotland (8 October 2017)
Rene Krhin Slovenia vs Slovakia (8 October 2016)
vs England (5 October 2017) vs Scotland (8 October 2017)
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ CET (UTC+1) for matches on 11 November 2016, and CEST (UTC+2) for all other matches.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "FIFA World Cup qualifying draw format". UEFA.com. 16 June 2015. Archived from the original on 26 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "European teams learn World Cup qualifying fate". UEFA.com. 25 July 2015. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Regulations – 2018 FIFA World Cup Russia" (PDF). FIFA.com.
Jump up ^ "World Cup European Qualifiers fixtures confirmed". UEFA.com. 26 July 2015. Archived from the original on 8 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fixture List – 2018 FIFA World Cup Preliminary Competition" (PDF). UEFA.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2015.
External links[edit]
Official FIFA World Cup website
Qualifiers – Europe: Round 1, FIFA.com
FIFA World Cup, UEFA.com
Standings – Qualifying round: Group F, UEFA.com
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2018 FIFA World Cup qualification
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National Labor Relations Act of 1935
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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National Labor Relations Act
Long title
An act to diminish the causes of labor disputes burdening or obstructing interstate and foreign commerce, to create a National Labor Relations Board, and for other purposes.
Nicknames
Wagner Act
Enacted by
the 74th United States Congress
Effective
July 6, 1935
Citations
Public law
74-198
Statutes at Large
49 Stat. 449
Codification
Titles amended
29
U.S.C. sections amended
29 U.S.C. § 151–169
Legislative history
Signed into law by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt on July 5, 1935
Major amendments
Labor Management Relations Act of 1947
Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959
United States Supreme Court cases
National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation
The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 (49 Stat. 449) 29 U.S.C. § 151–169 (also known as the Wagner Act after New York Senator Robert F. Wagner[1]) is a foundational statute of United States labor law which guarantees basic rights of private sector employees to organize into trade unions, engage in collective bargaining for better terms and conditions at work, and take collective action including strike if necessary. The act also created the National Labor Relations Board, which conducts elections that can require employers to engage in collective bargaining with labor unions (also known as trade unions). The Act does not apply to workers who are covered by the Railway Labor Act, agricultural employees, domestic employees, supervisors, federal, state or local government workers, independent contractors and some close relatives of individual employers.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Content
2.1 Enforcement
2.2 Collectively bargaining
2.3 Unfair labor practices
2.4 Election of bargaining representatives
2.5 Exclusions
3 Reactions
4 Amendments
5 Legacy
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
Background[edit]
See also: History of labor law in the United States
President Franklin Roosevelt signs the Act on July 5, 1935. With Rep. Theodore A. Peyser (D-NY, left) and U.S.Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins (right).
President Franklin Roosevelt signed the legislation into law on July 5, 1935.[3]
It also has its roots in a variety of different labor acts previously enacted:[citation needed]
National War Labor Board (1918)
Norris–La Guardia Act (1932)
National Industrial Recovery Act (1933)
National Labor Board
Emergency Relief Appropriation Act of 1935
including the Works Progress Administration ("WPA")
Content[edit]
See also: Inequality of bargaining power
Under section 1 (29 U.S.C. § 151) of the Act, the key principles and policy findings on which the Act was based are explained. The Act aims to correct the "inequality of bargaining power between employees who do not possess full freedom of association or actual liberty of contract and employers who are organized in the corporate or other forms of ownership association". To achieve this, the central idea is the promotion of collective bargaining between independent trade unions, on behalf of the workforce, and the employer.[4]
encouraging the practice and procedure of collective bargaining and by protecting the exercise by workers of full freedom of association, self-organization, and designation of representatives of their own choosing, for the purpose of negotiating the terms and conditions of their employment or other mutual aid or protection.
Various definitions are explained in section 2, (29 U.S.C. § 152) including 2(5) defining "labor organization" and 2(9) defining "labor dispute". The Act aims to protect employees as a group, and so is not based on a formal or legal relationship between an employer and employee.[5]
Enforcement[edit]
Main article: National Labor Relations Board
The National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), which was established in NLRA 1935 sections 3 to 6 (29 U.S.C. § 153–156), is the primary enforcer of the Act. Employees and unions may act themselves in support of their rights, however because of collective action problems and the costs of litigation, the National Labor Relations Board is designed to assist and bear some of the costs. Under section 3, (29 U.S.C. § 153) the NLRB has two basic functions: overseeing the process by which employees decide whether to be represented by a labor organization and prosecuting violations. Those processes are initiated in the regional offices of the NLRB.[6] The General Counsel of the National Labor Relations Board give legal advice. Sections 4 (29 U.S.C. § 154) and 5 (29 U.S.C. § 155) set out provisions on the officers of the Board and their expenses. Section 6 (29 U.S.C. § 156) empowers the Board to issue rules interpreting the labor legislation. This will generally be binding, unless a court deems it to have acted outside its authority.
Under section 10 (29 U.S.C. § 160) the NLRB is empowered to prevent unfair labor practices, which may ultimately be reviewed by the courts. Under section 11 it can lead investigations, collect evidence, issue subpoenas, and require witnesses to give evidence. Under section 12 (29 U.S.C. § 162) it is an offense for people to unduly interfere with the Board's conduct.
Collectively bargaining[edit]
See also: Collective bargaining
Section 7 (29 U.S.C. § 157) sets out the general principle that employees have the right to join a trade union and engage in collective bargaining.
Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection, and shall also have the right to refrain from any or all of such activities except to the extent that such right may be affected by an agreement requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment as authorized in section 8(a)(3).
Specific rules in support of collective bargaining are as follows.
There can be only one exclusive bargaining representative for a unit of employees.
Promotion of the practice and procedure of collective bargaining.
Employers are compelled to bargain with the representative of its employees.
Employees are allowed to discuss wages.[7][8][9]
Unfair labor practices[edit]
Main article: Unfair labor practice
"Employees shall have the right to self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection, and shall also have the right to refrain from any or all of such activities except to the extent that such right may be affected by an agreement requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment as authorized in section 158 (a)(3) of this title."
National Labor Relations Act of 1935 §7
Under section 8 (29 U.S.C. § 158) the law defines a set of prohibited actions by employers, employees, and unions, known as an unfair labor practice.[10] The first five unfair labor practices aimed at employers are in section 8(a). These are,
(a)(1) "to interfere with, restrain, or coerce employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed in section 7". This includes freedom of association, mutual aid or protection, self-organization, to form, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively for wages and working conditions through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other protected concerted activities with or without a union.
(a)(2) "to dominate or interfere with the formation or administration of any labor organization or contribute financial or other support to it"
(a)(3) "by discrimination in regard to hire or tenure of employment or any term or condition of employment to encourage or discourage membership in any labor organization"
(a)(4) discriminating against employees who file charges or testify.
(a)(5) refusing to bargain collectively with the representative of the employer's employees.
In addition, added by the Taft–Hartley Act, there are seven unfair labor practices aimed at unions and employees.
Election of bargaining representatives[edit]
Main article: NLRB election procedures
Under section 9 (29 U.S.C. § 159) the people elected by a majority of the workforce have the right to become the exclusive representatives of workers in collective bargaining with the employer.
Exclusions[edit]
The NLRA 1935 does not cover two main groups of employees: those working for the government, and in the railway or airline industries. Section 2(2) (29 USC §152(2)) states that the Act does not apply to employees of the "United States or any wholly owned Government corporation, or any Federal Reserve Bank, or any State or political subdivision thereof, or any person subject to the Railway Labor Act". Under section 19 (29 U.S.C. § 169), people who have religious convictions against joining a trade union are entitled to not associate or financially support it.
It also excludes domestic workers and farm workers.
The Social Security Act of 1935 excluded from coverage about half the workers in the American economy. Among the excluded groups were agricultural and domestic workers—a large percentage of whom were African Americans.[11]
Reactions[edit]
"Nothing in this subchapter, except as specifically provided for herein, shall be construed so as either to interfere with or impede or diminish in any way the right to strike, or to affect the limitations or qualifications on that right."
Wagner Act 1935 §13
The act was bitterly opposed by the Republican Party and business groups. The American Liberty League viewed the act as a threat to freedom and engaged in a campaign of opposition in order to repeal these "socialist" efforts. This included encouraging employers to refuse to comply with the NLRB and supporting the nationwide filing of injunctions to keep the NLRB from functioning. This campaign continued until the NLRA was found constitutional by the Supreme Court in National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation (1937).
Labor groups, while overwhelmingly supportive, expressed a set of reservations. The American Federation of Labor and some employers accused the NLRB of favoring the Congress of Industrial Organizations, particularly when determining whether to hold union elections in plant-wide, or wall-to-wall, units, which the CIO usually sought, or to hold separate elections in separate craft units, which the craft unions in the AFL favored. While the NLRB initially favored plant-wide units, which tacitly favored the CIO's industrial unionism, it retreated to a compromise position several years later under pressure from Congress that allowed craft unions to seek separate representation of smaller groups of workers at the same time that another union was seeking a wall-to-wall unit.
Employers and their allies in Congress also criticized the NLRA for its expansive definition of "employee" and for allowing supervisors and plant guards to form unions, sometimes affiliated with the unions that represented the employees whom they were supposed to supervise or police. Many accused the NLRB of a general pro-union and anti-employer bias, pointing to the Board's controversial decisions in such areas as employer free speech and "mixed motive" cases, in which the NLRB held that an employer violated the Act by using misconduct that ordinarily would not result in termination to fire an employee who was engaged in pro-union activity. In addition, employers campaigned over the years to outlaw a number of union practices such as closed shops, secondary boycotts, jurisdictional strikes, mass picketing, strikes in violation of contractual no-strike clauses, pension and health and welfare plans sponsored by unions and multi-employer bargaining.
Many of these criticisms included provisions that employers and their allies were unable to have included in the NLRA. Others developed in reaction to NLRB decisions. Over all, they wanted the NLRB to be neutral as to bargaining power, but the NLRA's policy section takes a decidedly pro-employee position:
It is declared to be the policy of the United States to eliminate the causes of certain substantial obstructions to the free flow of commerce and to mitigate and eliminate these obstructions when they have occurred by encouraging the practice and procedure of collective bargaining and by protecting the exercise by workers of full freedom of association, self-organization, and designation of representatives of their own choosing, for the purpose of negotiating the terms and conditions of their employment or other mutual aid or protection.
Some of these changes were later achieved in the 1947 amendments.
Amendments[edit]
Main articles: Labor Management Relations Act of 1947 and Right-to-work law
Opponents of the Wagner Act introduced several hundred bills to amend or repeal the law in the decade after its passage. All of them failed or were vetoed until the passage of the Taft–Hartley Act in 1947.
More recent unsuccessful efforts included attempts in 1978 to permit triple backpay awards and union collective bargaining certification based on signed union authorization cards, a provision that is similar to one of the proposed amendments in the Employee Free Choice Act. Under the NLRA, unions can become the representative based on signed union authorization cards only if the employer voluntarily recognizes the union. If the employer refuses to recognize the union, the union can be certified through a secret-ballot election conducted by the NLRB.
Legacy[edit]
The Little Wagner Act, written by Ida Klaus, is the New York City version of the Wagner Act.[12][13]
See also[edit]
Organized labour portal
United States labor law
History of labor law in the United States
Duty of fair representation
Employee Free Choice Act
Union organizer
Labor rights in American meatpacking industry
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ See also Pub.L. 74–198, 49 Stat. 449
Jump up ^ Lehman, Jeffrey; Phelps, Shirelle (2005). West's Encyclopedia of American Law (2nd ed.). Detroit: Thomson/Gale. ISBN 0-7876-6367-0.
Jump up ^ 29 U.S.C. §§ 151–169, enacted July 5, 1935
Jump up ^ Our Documents: 100 Milestone Documents from the National Archives. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2006. pp. 162–63. ISBN 978-0-19-530959-1.
Jump up ^ See also, E Dannin, "Not a Limited, Confined, or Private Matter: Who is an Employee under the National Labor Relations Act" (2008) 59 Labor Law Journal 5
Jump up ^ [1] Archived May 30, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Salary and Benefit Discussions Among Employees". Retrieved 2012-11-04.
Jump up ^ "Where Does NLRA Apply?". Retrieved 2012-11-04.
Jump up ^ "Know Your Rights". Retrieved 2012-11-04.
Jump up ^ Initially there were five, now there are eight categories. See RL Hogler, The Employment Relationship: Law and Policy (Ardsley 1989) 52. See also Our Documents: 100 Milestone Documents from the National Archives (OUP 2003) 163
Jump up ^ DeWitt (2010). "The Decision to Exclude Agricultural and Domestic Workers from the 1935 Social Security Act". Social Security Administration.
Jump up ^ Ravo, Nick (1999-05-20). "Ida Klaus, 94, Labor Lawyer For U.S. and New York, Dies". New York Times. Retrieved 2015-05-03.
Jump up ^ "Ida Klaus". Jewish Women's Archive. Retrieved 2015-05-03.
References[edit]
Books
Atleson, James B. (1983). Values and Assumptions in American Labor Law (Pbk. ed.). Amherst, Mass.: University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 0-585-25833-3.
Cortner, Richard C. (1964). The Wagner Act Cases. Knoxville: Univ. of Tenn. Press.
Dannin, Ellen (2006). Taking Back the Workers' Law: How to Fight the Assault on Labor Rights. Ithaca, N.Y.: ILR Press/Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-4438-1.
Gregory, Charles O. (1961). Labor and the Law 2d rev. ed., with 1961 Supplement. New York: Norton.
Morris, Charles J. (2004). The Blue Eagle at Work: Reclaiming Democratic Rights in the American Workplace. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-4317-2.
Schlesinger, Arthur M. (c. 2003). The Coming of the New Deal: 1933–1935 (1. Mariner books ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-34086-6.
Articles
F. L. B., Jr. (Mar 1941). "Reinstatement with Back Pay under the Wagner Act". U. Pa. L. Rev. & Amer. L. Reg. 89 (5): 648–60. doi:10.2307/3309199. JSTOR 3309199.
Keyserling, Leon H. (1960–1961). "The Wagner Act: Its Origin and Current Significance". Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 29: 199.
Klare, Karl E. (1977–1978). "Judicial Deradicalization of the Wagner Act and the Origins of Modern Legal Consciousness, 1937–1941". Minn. L. Rev. 62: 265.
Lynd, Staughton (1984). "Communal Rights". Tex. L. Rev. 62 (1417): 1430–35.
Mikva, A. J. (1986). "The Changing Role of the Wagner Act in the American Labor Movement". Stan. L. Rev. 38 (4): 1123–40. doi:10.2307/1228578. JSTOR 1228578.
Nathanson, N.L.; Lyons, E. (1938–1939). "Judicial Review of the National Labor Board". Ill. L. Rev. 33: 749.
"Effect on the A. F. of L. -C. I. O. Controversy of the Determination of Appropriate Bargaining Units under the National Labor Relations Act". Yale L. J. 47 (1): 122–124. 1935–1958. doi:10.2307/791821.
"The Proposed Amendments to the Wagner Act". Harv. L. Rev. 52 (6): 970. 1938–1939. doi:10.2307/1334189. JSTOR 1334189.
Pope, J. G. (2004). "How American Workers Lost the Right to Strike, and Other Tales". Mich. L. Rev. 103 (3): 518–53. doi:10.2307/4141930. JSTOR 4141930.
Pope, Jim (2006). "Worker Lawmaking, Sit-Down Strikes, and the Shaping of American Industrial Relations, 1935–1958". Law & Hist. Rev. 24 (01): 45–113. doi:10.1017/S0738248000002273. JSTOR 27641352.
Scheunemann, Edward. The National Labor Relations Act Versus the Courts, 11 Rocky Mountain L. Rev. 135 (1939)
Warm, J. Louis (1938–1939). "A Study of the Judicial Attitude Toward Trade Unions and Labor Legislation". Minn. L. Rev. 23: 256.
Woods, Warren; Wheatley, Altha C. (1936–1937). "The Wagner Act Decision – A Charter of Liberty for Labor?". Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 5: 846.
External links[edit]
USC §§151-169, Labor-Management Relations at the Legal Information Institute
National Labor Relations Act
National Labor Relations Board
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National Football League Cheerleading
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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National Football League Cheerleading, or simply NFL Cheerleading, is a professional cheerleading organization in the United States. 26 of the 32 NFL teams include a cheerleading squad in their franchise. Cheerleaders are a popular attraction that can give a team more coverage/airtime, popular local support, and increased media image. In 1954, the Baltimore Colts became the first NFL team to have cheerleaders. They were part of the Baltimore Colts Marching Band.
Most NFL cheerleading squads are a part-time job. Often, cheerleaders have completed or are attending a university, and continue on to other careers after cheering for one to four seasons. The members participate in practice, training camp, games, appearances, photo shoots, and charity events. Apart from their main duties of cheering during the football games, the cheerleaders have many other responsibilities. Nearly every team member is available for appearances at schools, events, conferences, etc., for a set fee.
An anticipated annual event is the release of each squad's calendar, featuring members for each month in swimsuits or uniforms.
As well as being a mainstay of American football culture, the cheerleaders are one of the biggest entertainment groups to regularly perform for the United States Armed Forces overseas with performances and tours being enlisted by the USO. Teams send their variety show, an elite group of their best members, to perform combination shows of dance, music, baton twirling, acrobatics, gymnastics, and more. In February 2007, the Buffalo Bills even sent a squad of eight along with their choreographer into the war zone of Iraq. In 1996, the San Francisco 49ers Cheerleaders and their director helicoptered into the war inflicted country of Bosnia with the USO and the U.S. Army. The U.S. troops in Korea have been entertained during the holiday season with the USO's Bob Hope Tour. Over the years, the tour has featured NFL cheerleaders from the Dallas Cowboys and the San Francisco 49ers.
In 2018, the first male dancers were added to National Football League Cheerleading.[1][2]
Contents
1 Cheerleader competitions
2 Teams
2.1 Teams without cheerleaders
3 Pro Bowl
4 See also
5 References
Cheerleader competitions[edit]
The first "Battle of the NFL Cheerleaders" was held in 1979 in Hollywood, Florida. Two cheerleaders from each cheerleading team compete against other mini-teams in various athletic events. The events include kayaking, 100 yard dash, obstacle courses, and other events. The Minnesota Vikings Cheerleaders took home the title in 1979. In 1980, it was held in Atlantic City, New Jersey and the Washington Redskinettes were the champions. The winners were Shiona Baum and Jeannie Fritz, and each received a car as the grand prize. The competition was resurrected in 2006 by the NFL Network, and was called NFL Cheerleader Playoffs. The playoffs were taped between July 17 and July 21, 2006 at Six Flags New England in Agawam, Massachusetts. Two-person teams of cheerleaders from 25 of the NFL's 32 teams participated in a four-event series of competitions. The first two events tested the cheerleaders' athletic abilities in events like the 100-yard dash, kayaking, tandem cycling, and the obstacle course. The third event was a trivia challenge called "Know Your NFL." The final competition was a one-minute dance routine, similar to what they normally perform on NFL sidelines. The San Diego Chargers team (Casie and Shantel) defeated the Atlanta Falcons and St. Louis Rams squads to win the overall championship. The 3 teams finished in a three-way tie, with 210 points. The Chargers were declared the winners based on winning the dance competition.
Teams[edit]
Listed by name, with corresponding NFL football team.
Current or Last Name
Year Established and Former Names
NFL Team
Arizona Cardinals Cheerleaders 1964–1987 St. Louis Cardinals Cheerleaders
1988–1993 Phoenix Cardinals Cheerleaders
1994–present Arizona Cardinals Cheerleaders Arizona Cardinals
Atlanta Falcons Cheerleaders 1969–1976 The Falconettes
1976–present Atlanta Falcons Cheerleaders Atlanta Falcons
Baltimore Ravens Cheerleaders 1998–present Baltimore Ravens
Buffalo Jills 1960–1965 Buffalo Bills Cheerleaders
1966–2013 Buffalo Jills Buffalo Bills
Carolina Topcats 1995–present Carolina Panthers
Chicago Honey Bears 1976–1985[3] Chicago Bears
Cincinnati Ben–Gals 1976–present[4] Cincinnati Bengals
Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders 1962–1971 CowBelles & Beaux
1972–present Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders[5] Dallas Cowboys
Denver Broncos Cheerleaders 1971–1976 Bronco Belles
1977–1980 Pony Express
1993–present Denver Broncos Cheerleaders Denver Broncos
Detroit Lions Cheerleaders 1963-1974[6]
2016–present Detroit Lions Cheerleaders[7] Detroit Lions
Green Bay Packers Cheerleaders 1957–1961 Packerettes
1961–1972 Golden Girls
1973–1977 Packerettes[8][9]
1977–1986 Sideliners[10]
1987–2006 University of Wisconsin–Green Bay cheerleaders
2007–present UWGB and St. Norbert College cheerleaders Green Bay Packers
Houston Texans Cheerleaders 2002–present Houston Texans
Indianapolis Colts Cheerleaders 1954–1983 Baltimore Colts Cheerleaders
1984–present Indianapolis Colts Cheerleaders Indianapolis Colts
Jacksonville ROAR 1995–present Jacksonville Jaguars
Kansas City Chiefs Cheerleaders 1964 Chiefs Cheerleaders
1971-85 Chiefettes
1986–present Chiefs Cheerleaders[11] Kansas City Chiefs
Los Angeles Charger Girls 1960s–70s Chargettes
1990–2016 San Diego Charger Girls
2017–present Los Angeles Charger Girls[12] Los Angeles Chargers
Los Angeles Rams Cheerleaders 1974–1994 Embraceable Ewes
1995–2015 St. Louis Rams Cheerleaders
2016–present Los Angeles Rams Cheerleaders Los Angeles Rams
Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders[13] 1966–1977 Dolphin Dolls
1978–1983 Dolphins Starbrites
1984–present Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders Miami Dolphins
Minnesota Vikings Cheerleaders 1961–1963 Vi-Queens
1964-1665, 1967–1983 The Parkettes (St. Louis Park High School)
1966 Edina High School and Mpls Roosevelt High School
1984–present Minnesota Vikings Cheerleaders Minnesota Vikings
New England Patriots Cheerleaders 1977–present New England Patriots
New Orleans Saintsations 1967 Louisiannes/Saints Dancers
1968 Mademoiselles
1971 Mam’selles
1975–78 Bonnies Amies
1978 Angels
1987–present Saintsations New Orleans Saints
New York Jets Flight Crew 2006 Jets Flag Crew
2007–present Jets Flight Crew New York Jets
Oakland Raiderettes 1961–present[14] Oakland Raiders
Philadelphia Eagles Cheerleaders 1948–1970s Eaglettes
1970s Liberty Belles
1980s–present The Eagles Cheerleaders Philadelphia Eagles
Pittsburgh Steelerettes 1960–1969[15] Pittsburgh Steelers
San Francisco Gold Rush 1979–present[16] San Francisco 49ers
Seattle Sea Gals 1976–present[17] Seattle Seahawks
Tampa Bay Buccaneers Cheerleaders
1976–1998 SwashBucklers
1999–present Tampa Bay Buccaneers Cheerleaders[18] Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Tennessee Titans Cheerleaders 1975–1997 The Derrick Dolls
1998–present Tennessee Titans Cheerleaders Tennessee Titans
Washington Redskins Cheerleaders 1962 Redskinettes
1963–present Washington Redskins Cheerleaders[19][20] Washington Redskins
Teams without cheerleaders[edit]
The Packers collegiate squad in 2009
As of 2016, six teams do not have cheerleading squads: Buffalo Bills, Chicago Bears, Cleveland Browns, Green Bay Packers, New York Giants, and the Pittsburgh Steelers. The Packers do, however, use a collegiate squad to cheer at home games.[21] Super Bowl XLV between the Steelers and the Packers in February 2011 was the first time a Super Bowl featured no cheerleaders. The Browns and the Giants are the only NFL teams that have never had cheerleaders, while the other aforementioned teams have had cheer squads in the past. However, there are reports that the Browns did have cheerleaders in 1971, but no records exist.[22]
The Buffalo Bills endorsed the officially independent Buffalo Jills from 1966 to 2013; when several cheerleaders sued both the Bills and the Bills organizations, the Jills suspended operations.[23]
Teams of "unofficial" cheerleaders began emerging in 2010 for NFL teams that don't have their own dance squad. These unofficial cheerleaders aren't sanctioned by the NFL or any franchise in the NFL and therefore are not allowed to perform at games, represent the football team at any outside functions, or use any of the team's branding or trademarked colors on their uniforms. The teams are sponsored by local businesses, and the cheerleaders perform prior to the game, at tailgate parties, and other local events. Some also attend the local NFL games in uniform, and sit together in their block of season ticket seats. Their audition process, costuming, and choreography are very similar to official NFL cheer teams. Some also produce an annual swimsuit calendar, just like the legitimate cheerleaders. All of the independent teams hope at some point to be embraced by the NFL as "official" cheerleaders of their local teams.
The Detroit Pride Cheerleaders were the first independent professional team, put together in August 2010 to support the Lions.[24] However, as the squad was not officially recognized by the Lions, it could not use the Lions' logos nor colors.[25] In 2016, the Lions started an official cheerleading squad.
The Gotham City Cheerleaders were organized in August 2011 to support all New York sports, but are most closely associated with the Giants. The team has also been known as the New York Unofficials, the Unofficial Dancers of the New York Giants, and the Gotham’s Team Blue Army Dancers.[26]
The Cleveland Spirit Cheerleaders were created in September 2012 to support the Browns as a test team to attract fan interest.[25] This cheer team was created by the same people responsible for the Detroit Pride.[27]
Pro Bowl[edit]
A top honor for an NFL Cheerleader is to be selected as a Pro Bowl Cheerleader. The group is composed of an all-star cheerleader (one from each NFL cheer team) that represents her NFL team at the Pro Bowl in Hawaii. The Pro Bowl Cheerleaders were founded in 1992 and directed by Jay Howarth and Angela King-Twitero. Each year, one squad member from every NFL team is chosen to participate in the collective Pro Bowl cheerleading squad.[28]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Football League cheerleaders.
List of cheerleaders
National Basketball Association Cheerleading
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.wesh.com/article/nfl-s-first-male-dancers-will-hit-the-sidelines-this-season/22654936
Jump up ^ https://www.cnn.com/2018/08/06/us/nfl-male-dancers-trnd/index.html
Jump up ^ "Chicago Honey Bears.net". Chicago Honey Bears.net. Retrieved 2014-03-31.
Jump up ^ Cincinnati Ben-Gals
Jump up ^ Dallas Cheerleaders History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007. Archived February 4, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Meet one of the first Detroit Lions cheerleaders". Click on Detroit. June 20, 2016. Accessed June 21 2016
Jump up ^ "Detroit Lions to add cheerleaders". Official Site of the Detroit Lions. Detroit Lions, Ltd. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Green Bay Packerettes, Green Bay Press-Gazette, Retrieved September 21, 2007
Jump up ^ Ex-Packers cheerleader writes winning slogan for fence, September 9, 2007, Retrieved September 21, 2007
Jump up ^ Legends on Parade to highlight Packers' Glory Years Archived 2007-11-07 at the Wayback Machine., Green Bay Press-Gazette, August 24, 2007, Retrieved September 21, 2007
Jump up ^ Kansas City Chiefs Cheerleaders History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007. Archived February 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Charger Girls History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007. Archived February 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders History (2010) Retrieved February 10, 2010.
Jump up ^ Oakland Raiderettes History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007. Archived September 8, 2006, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Steelerettes History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007.
Jump up ^ Gold Rush History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007.
Jump up ^ Sea Gals History (2007) Retrieved February 8, 2007. Archived January 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ www.buccaneers.com Retrieved February 15, 2007.
Jump up ^ Cheerleader History Retrieved May 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 26, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-26. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ Plaschke, Bill (2011-01-27). "No Super Bowl cheerleaders? He says rah!". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2011-02-06.
Jump up ^ "Remember when ... the Cleveland Browns had cheerleaders? Really, they did!". cleveland.com. Retrieved 2018-04-28.
Jump up ^ http://bigstory.ap.org/article/buffalo-bills-cheerleaders-halt-season-after-suit
Jump up ^ Pumerantz, Zack (2011-10-09). "Detroit Lions Cheerleaders: The Hottest Pics of the Detroit Pride". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
^ Jump up to: a b "Top 6 NFL Teams Without Cheerleaders". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved 2013-11-27.
Jump up ^ Benton, Dan (2012-09-24). "Meet the Gotham City Cheerleaders, Unofficial Dancers for All New York Sports". Giants 101. Archived from the original on 2015-09-11. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ Bonchak, Jean (2012-09-27). "Cleveland Spirit cheerleaders coming to Browns Town". The News-Herald. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Pro Bowl Cheerleaders". National Football League. Retrieved 2013-01-19.
show
v
t
e
National Football League Cheerleaders
American Football Conference
AFC East
None former Buffalo Jills (Buffalo Bills)
Miami Dolphins Cheerleaders (Miami Dolphins)
New England Patriots Cheerleaders (New England Patriots)
Jets Flight Crew (New York Jets)
AFC North
Baltimore Ravens Cheerleaders (Baltimore Ravens)
Cincinnati Ben–Gals (Cincinnati Bengals)
None (Cleveland Browns)
None former Pittsburgh Steelerettes (Pittsburgh Steelers)
AFC South
Houston Texans Cheerleaders (Houston Texans)
Indianapolis Colts Cheerleaders (Indianapolis Colts)
Jacksonville Roar (Jacksonville Jaguars)
Tennessee Titans Cheerleaders (Tennessee Titans)
AFC West
Denver Broncos Cheerleaders (Denver Broncos)
Kansas City Chiefs Cheerleaders (Kansas City Chiefs)
Los Angeles Charger Girls (Los Angeles Chargers)
Oakland Raiderettes (Oakland Raiders)
National Football Conference
NFC East
Dallas Cowboys Cheerleaders (Dallas Cowboys)
None (New York Giants)
Philadelphia Eagles Cheerleaders (Philadelphia Eagles)
Washington Redskins Cheerleaders (Washington Redskins)
NFC North
None former Chicago Honey Bears (Chicago Bears)
Detroit Lions Cheerleaders (Detroit Lions)
Green Bay Packers cheerleaders (University of Wisconsin-Green Bay and St. Norbert College) (Green Bay Packers)
Minnesota Vikings Cheerleaders (Minnesota Vikings)
NFC South
Atlanta Falcons Cheerleaders (Atlanta Falcons)
Carolina Topcats (Carolina Panthers)
Saintsations (New Orleans Saints)
Tampa Bay Buccaneers Cheerleaders (Tampa Bay Buccaneers)
NFC West
Arizona Cardinals Cheerleaders (Arizona Cardinals)
Los Angeles Rams Cheerleaders (Los Angeles Rams)
San Francisco Gold Rush (San Francisco 49ers)
Sea Gals (Seattle Seahawks)
show
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values: National Football League Cheerleading – German

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