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List of best-selling music artists
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This list includes music artists with claims of 75 million or more record sales. The artists in the following tables are listed with both their claimed sales figure along with their total of certified units and are ranked in descending order, with the artist with the highest amount of claimed sales at the top. If two or more artists have the same claimed sales, they are then ranked by certified units. The claimed sales figure and the total of certified units (for each country) within the provided sources include sales of albums, singles, compilation-albums, music videos as well as downloads of singles and full-length albums. Sales figures, such as those from Soundscan, which are sometimes published by Billboard magazine, have not been included in the certified units column. As of 2017[update], based on both sales claims and certified units, The Beatles are considered the highest-selling band. Elvis Presley is considered the highest-selling individual artist based on sales claims and Rihanna is the highest-selling individual artist based on certified units.
Contents
[hide]
1 Definitions
2 Artists by reputed sales
2.1 250 million or more records
2.2 200 million to 249 million records
2.3 120 million to 199 million records
2.4 100 million to 119 million records
2.5 80 million to 99 million records
2.6 75 million to 79 million records
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
Definitions
All artists included on this list, which have begun charting on official albums or singles charts have their available claimed figures supported by at least 20% in certified units. That is why Cliff Richard, Diana Ross, Scorpions, Charles Aznavour, Bing Crosby, Gloria Estefan, Deep Purple, Iron Maiden, Tom Jones, The Jackson 5, Dionne Warwick, the Spice Girls, Luciano Pavarotti, Dolly Parton, Ozzy Osbourne, Andrea Bocelli and others have not been included on this list. The more recent the artist, the higher the required percentage of certified units, so artists such as Rihanna, Taylor Swift, Flo Rida, Katy Perry, Justin Bieber, Adele, Lady Gaga, Bruno Mars and Nicki Minaj are expected to have their claimed figures supported by over 75% in certified units. The certified units are sourced from available online databases of local music industry associations. All certified units are converted from Gold/Platinum/Diamond certification awards based on criteria provided by certifying bodies. The certified sales percentage varies according to the first year that an artist appeared in the charts.[a]
The requirements of certified sales are designed to avoid inflated sales figures, which are frequently practiced by record companies for promotional purposes.[1][2] The claimed figures are referenced from online articles created by highly reliable sources. For clarity, the sources used, say the term "records" (singles, albums, videos) and not "albums". However, if all available sources for an artist or band say "albums", such sources are only used if the certified album units of the said artist meet the required percentage amount. This list uses claimed figures that are closest to artists' available certified units: inflated claimed figures that meet the required certified units amount but are unrealistically high, are not used.
The claimed figures are upgraded only when there is a significant progress in artists' certified sales. In other words, the available certified sales for each artist should get relatively closer to already listed claimed figure in order for higher figures to replace the listed ones.
The certified sales of the newer artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold and Platinum thresholds required for Digital Single Award certification.[3][4][5] For this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units. The over certified figures, however, are often in millions of units for RIAA certifications, one such example is Rihanna's single "We Found Love", which is certified at nine times Platinum by the RIAA, yet during the time of the certification, it had sold 5.4 million downloads.[6][7]
The certified sales for some artists/bands who have multi-disc albums can be higher than their listed claimed figures due to Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) counting each unit within set as one unit toward certification.
Artists by reputed sales
250 million or more records
The Beatles
Elvis Presley
Michael Jackson
Madonna
Elton John
Led Zeppelin
Pink Floyd
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value: each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom.[8][9]
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales
The Beatles
United Kingdom 1960–1970[10] 1962[10] Rock / Pop[10] 7002270800000000000♠

Total available certified units: 270.8 million [show]
US: 212.250 million[11]
JPN: 4.950 million[b][12]
UK: 17.845 million[b][13]
GER: 8 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.890 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 14.455 million[b][17]
AUS: 3.060 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 305,000[b][20]
BRA: 550,000[b][21]
SWE 485,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.240 million[b][23][24]
SWI: 350,000[b][25]
BEL: 265,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.590 million[b][28]
DEN: 260,000[b][29][30]
AUT: 500,000[b][31]
POL: 175,000[b][32]
NZ: 660,000[b][33][34]
600 million[35][36]
500 million[37]
Elvis Presley
United States 1954–1977[38] 1954[38] Rock and roll / Pop / Country[38] 7002211500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 211.5 million [show]
US: 188.650 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 12.245 million[b][13]
GER: 1.2 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.590 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 2.925 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.587 million[b][18]
ITA: 105,000[b][20]
BRA: 125,000[b][21]
SWE 380,000[b][22]
SPA: 300,000[b][23][39][40]
MEX: 105,000[b][41][42]
SWI: 185,000[b][25]
BEL: 115,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 110,000[b][28]
DEN: 120,000[b][43][44][45]
AUT: 205,000[b][31]
FIN: 213,945[b][46]
NZ: 117,500[b][33][34]
600 million[47][48]
500 million[49]
Michael Jackson
United States 1964–2009[50] 1971[50] Pop / Rock / Dance / Soul / R&B[50] 7002184100000000000♠

Total available certified units: 184.1 million [show]
US: 104.5 million[11]
JPN: 4.650 million[b][12][51]
UK: 27.195 million[13]
GER: 11.275 million[14]
FRA: 11.375 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 4.670 million[17]
AUS: 6.6 million[b][18][19][53][54][55]
ITA: 1.170 million[b][20]
BRA: 280,000[b][21]
SWE: 1.230 million[b][22][56]
SPA: 1.995 million[b][23][24][39][40][57]
MEX: 3.670 million[b][41]
SWI: 910,000[b][25]
BEL: 365,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 100,000[b][28]
DEN: 1.179 million[b][58][59][60]
AUT: 1.197 million[b][31]
POL: 530,000[b][32]
FIN: 384,127[46]
NZ: 902,500[33][34]
350 million[61][62]
300 million[63][64]
Madonna
United States 1979–present[65] 1982[65] Pop / Dance / Electronica[65] 7002170500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 170.5 million [show]
US: 85.675 million[11]
JPN: 6.450 million [b][12][51]
UK: 28.845 million[13]
GER: 12.4 million[14]
FRA: 12.795 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 6.030 million[17]
AUS: 4.717 million[b][18][66][67]
ITA: 465,000[b][20]
BRA: 3.440 million[b][21]
SWE: 1.070 million[b][22][56]
SPA: 2.815 million[23][24][39][40][57]
MEX: 510,000[b][41]
SWI: 1.080 million[b][25]
BEL: 690,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 970,000[28]
DEN: 407,000[b][58][59][68][69][70][71]
AUT: 602,500[b][31]
POL: 530,000[b][32]
FIN: 652,686[46]
NZ: 417,500[33][34]
300 million[72][73]
275 million[74]
Elton John
United Kingdom 1964–present[75] 1969[75] Pop / Rock[75] 7002169000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 169 million [show]
US: 117.850 million[11]
JPN: 1.1 million [b][12]
UK: 22.295 million[b][13]
GER: 7.9 million[b][14]
FRA: 4.825 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 5.975 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.837 million[b][18]
BRA: 835,000[b][21]
SWE: 740,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.2 million[b][23][24][40][57]
MEX: 100,000[b][41]
SWI: 1.313 million[b][25]
BEL: 390,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 120,000[28]
DEN: 150,000[b][44][59][76]
AUT: 765,000[b][31]
POL: 150,000[b][32]
FIN: 163,481[46]
NZ: 255,000[b][33][34]
300 million[77][78]
250 million[79][80]
Led Zeppelin
United Kingdom 1968–1980[81] 1969[81] Hard rock / Blues rock / Folk rock[81] 7002139500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 139.5 million [show]
US: 114.1 million[11]
JPN: 400,000 [b][12]
UK: 9.130 million[b][13]
GER: 3.775 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.310 million[b][15][16][82]
CAN: 4.710 million[17]
AUS: 2.8 million[b][18][83][84]
ITA: 345,000[b][20]
BRA: 820,000[b][21]
SPA: 450,000[b][24][40][57]
SWI: 211,000[b][25]
ARG: 360,000[b][28]
POL: 120,000[b][32]
300 million[85][86]
200 million[87][88]
Pink Floyd
United Kingdom 1965–1996, 2014[89][90] 1967[89] Progressive rock / Psychedelic rock[89] 7002118800000000000♠

Total available certified units: 118.8 million [show]
US: 78 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][91]
UK: 11.320 million[b][13]
GER: 7.5 million[b][14]
FRA: 6.360 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 6.790 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.932 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 1.685 million[b][20]
BRA: 515,000[b][21]
SWE: 220,000[b][22][56]
SPA: 625,000[b][23][24][39][57]
SWI: 390,000[b][25]
BEL: 115,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 430,000[b][28]
AUT: 460,000[b][31]
POL: 590,000[b][32]
NZ: 787,500[b][33][34]
250 million[92][93]
200 million[94][95]
The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.
200 million to 249 million records
Rihanna
Mariah Carey
Celine Dion
AC/DC
Whitney Houston
Queen
The Rolling Stones
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales
Rihanna
Barbados
United States 2005–present[96] 2005[96] R&B / Pop / Dance / Hip-hop[96] 7002225200000000000♠

Total available certified units: 225.2 million [show]
US: 167.05 million[11]
JPN: 1.4 million[12][51]
UK: 28.7 million[13]
GER: 4.475 million[14]
FRA: 1.425 million[16]
CAN: 2.760 million[17]
AUS: 9.115 million[18]
ITA: 1.395 million[b][20]
BRA: 555,000[21]
SWE: 2.480 million[22][56]
SPA: 1.430 million[23]
MEX: 380,000[41][97]
SWI: 840,000[25]
BEL: 645,000[27]
DEN: 1.072[58][59][60][68][76][98][99][100]
AUT: 120,000[31]
POL: 660,000[32]
IRE: 240,000[101]
NZ: 667,500[33][34]
230 million[102][103]
Mariah Carey
United States 1988–present[104] 1990[104] R&B / Pop / Soul / Hip-hop[104] 7002135900000000000♠

Total available certified units: 135.9 million [show]
US: 92.6 million[11]
JPN: 14.5 million [b][12][51][105]
UK: 9.560 million[13]
GER: 3.250 million[14]
FRA: 4.690 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 4.1 million[17]
AUS: 3.445 million[b][18][106]
ITA: 200,000[b][20]
BRA: 835,000[21]
SWE: 425,000[22]
SPA: 1 million[23][24][40][57]
SWI: 515,000[25]
BEL: 150,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 130,000[60][107]
AUT: 200,000[31]
POL: 100,000[b][32]
NZ: 240,000[b][33]
200 million[108][109]
175 million[110][111]
Celine Dion
Canada 1981–present[112] 1981[112] Pop[112] 7002125000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 125 million [show]
US: 56.550 million[11]
JPN: 7.150 million[b][12][113][114]
UK: 13.555 million[13]
GER: 8 million[14]
FRA: 15.685 million[15][16][52][82]
CAN: 12.245 million[17]
AUS: 3.302 million[b][18][19]
BRA: 505,000[b][21]
SWE: 1.105 million[b][22]
SPA: 1 million[40][57]
SWI: 1.685 million[b][25]
BEL: 1.885 million[b][26][27]
ARG: 340,000[28]
DEN: 370,000[b][44][115][116][117]
AUT: 440,000[b][31]
POL: 680,000[b][32]
FIN: 356,183[46]
NZ: 192,500[33][34]
200 million[118][119]
175 million[120][121]
AC/DC
Australia 1973–present[122] 1975[122] Hard rock / Blues rock / Rock and roll[122] 7002113100000000000♠

Total available certified units: 113.1 million [show]
US: 79.7 million[11]
UK: 4.2 million[13]
GER: 10.3 million[b][14]
FRA: 4.180 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.490 million[b][17]
AUS: 7.330 million[b][18]
ITA: 750,000[b][20]
SWE: 350,000[b][22][56]
SPA: 1.355 million[b][23][24][39][40][57]
SWI: 894,000[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][27]
ARG: 570,000[b][28]
DEN: 135,000[59][60][123]
AUT: 380,000[b][31]
FIN: 321,169[46]
NZ: 140,000[b][33][34]
200 million[124][125]
150 million[126][127]
Whitney Houston
United States 1977–2012[128] 1984[128] R&B / Soul / Pop[128] 7002112600000000000♠

Total available certified units: 112.6 million [show]
US: 75.275 million[11]
JPN: 4.3 million[b][12][129]
UK: 14.605 million[13]
GER: 5.6 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.275 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 3.430 million[17]
AUS: 1.580 million[b][18][19][130]
ITA: 140,000[b][20]
BRA: 1.025[b][21]
SWE: 1.035 million[b][22]
SPA: 1.260 million[23][24][39][40]
SWI: 845,000[b][25]
BEL: 215,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 140,000[59][60]
AUT: 535,000[b][31]
POL: 180,000[b][32]
FIN: 247,222[46]
200 million[131][132]
170 million[133][134]
Queen
United Kingdom 1971–present[135] 1973[135] Rock[135] 7002114700000000000♠

Total available certified units: 114.7 million [show]
US: 55.1 million[11]
JPN: 2.850 million[b][12][51][136]
UK: 28.615 million[b][13]
GER: 11.525 million[b][14]
FRA: 4.495 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 1.870 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.167 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 460,000[b][20]
BRA: 970,000[b][21]
SWE: 190,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.720 million[b][23][24][39][40]
SWI: 1.256 million[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.040 million[b][28]
AUT: 900,000[b][31]
POL: 810,000[b][32]
FIN: 366,152[46]
NZ: 275,000[b][33][34]
200 million[137][138]
150 million[139]
The Rolling Stones
United Kingdom 1962–present[140] 1963[140] Rock / Blues rock [140] 7001972000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 97.2 million [show]
US: 74.750 million[11]
JPN: 950,000[b][12]
UK: 8.510 million[b][13]
GER: 3.2 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.370 million[b][15][16][52]
AUS: 417,500[b][18]
CAN: 3.025 million[b][17]
ITA: 180,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 310,000[b][22]
SPA: 690,000[b][23][24][39][40][57]
SWI: 238,000[b][25]
BEL: 120,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 710,000[b][28]
AUT: 300,000[b][31]
POL: 140,000[b][32]
NZ: 190,000[b][33][34]
200 million[141][142]
ABBA
Sweden 1972–1982[143] 1972[143] Pop / Disco[143] 7001607000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 60.7 million [show]
US: 12.7 million[11]
JPN: 1.5 million[b][51][144][145]
UK: 18.970 million[b][13]
GER: 10.450 million[b][14]
FRA: 2.750 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 2.785 million[b][17]
AUS: 6.127 million[b][18][146]
BRA: 275,000[b][21][56]
SWE: 800,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.005 million[b][23][39]
MEX: 260,000[b][41]
SWI: 600,000[b][25]
BEL: 380,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 230,000[b][28]
DEN: 600,000[b][147][148][149]
AUT: 175,000[b][31]
POL: 150,000[b][32]
FIN: 656,319[46]
NZ: 297,500[b][34][150][151]
200 million[152][153]
100 million[154][155]
The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.
120 million to 199 million records
Taylor Swift
Garth Brooks
Eminem
Eagles
U2
Bruno Mars
Kanye West
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]
Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales
Taylor Swift
United States 2006–present[156] 2006[156] Country / Country pop / Pop / Pop-rock[156] 7002156690000000000♠

Total available certified units: 156.7 million [show]
US: 134.5 million[11]
JPN: 2.850 million[12][51]
UK: 7.4 million[13]
GER: 750,000[14]
FRA: 150,000[16]
CAN: 4.420 million[17]
AUS: 5.355 million[18]
ITA: 210,000[b][20]
BRA: 170,000[21]
SWE: 180,000[56]
MEX: 450,000[41][42][97]
NZ: 367,500[33][34]
170 million[157]
Garth Brooks
United States 1989–present[158] 1989[158] Country[158] 7002146000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 156 million [show]
US: 149.4 million[11]
UK: 520,000[13]
CAN: 5.730 million[17]
AUS: 280,000[b][18]
IRE: 120,000[b][101]
160 million[159]
Eminem
United States 1996–present[160] 1999[160] Hip-hop[160] 7002132000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 132 million [show]
US: 86.1 million[11]
JPN: 2.9 million [12][51]
UK: 21.425 million[13]
GER: 3.450 million[14]
FRA: 3.170 million[16][82]
CAN: 3.770 million[17]
AUS: 5.702 million[18]
ITA: 450,000[b][20]
BRA: 200,000[21]
SWE: 810,000[22][56]
SPA: 290,000[23][57]
MEX: 365,000[41]
SWI: 805,000[25]
BEL: 475,000[26][27]
DEN: 556,000[b][58][161]
AUT: 325,000[31]
POL: 250,000[32]
FIN: 124,547[46]
IRE: 285,000[b][101]
NZ: 562,500[33][34]
155 million[162]
Eagles
United States 1971–1980, 1994–present[163] 1972[163] Rock[163] 7002129190000099999♠

Total available certified units: 129.2 million [show]
US: 108.9 million[11]
JPN: 600,000[b][12]
UK: 7.635 million[b][13]
GER: 925,000[b][14]
FRA: 2.040 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 4.2 million[b][17]
AUS: 3.395 million[b][18][164]
SWE: 140,000[b][22]
SPA: 500,000[b][23][24]
SWI: 290,000[b][25]
DEN: 185,000[b][59]
FIN: 124,749[46]
NZ: 352,500[b][33][34]
150 million[165]
U2
Ireland 1976–present[166] 1980[166] Rock[166] 7002106500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 106.5 million [show]
US: 53.1 million[11]
JPN: 1.450 million[b][12]
UK: 18.620 million[13]
GER: 5.125 million[14]
FRA: 5.025 million[15][16]
CAN: 7.115 million[17]
AUS: 4.412 million[b][18][19][167]
ITA: 765,000[b][20]
BRA: 2.675 million[b][21]
SWE: 515,000[b][22]
SPA: 2.275 million[23][24][39][40][57]
MEX: 835,000[b][41]
SWI: 696,000[b][25]
BEL: 725,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 590,000[28]
DEN: 473,000[b][58][59][60][76][168]
AUT: 500,000[b][31]
POL: 360,000[b][32]
FIN: 235,460[46]
IRE: 316,000[b][101]
NZ: 765,000[33][34]
150 million[169]
Billy Joel
United States 1964–present[170] 1971[170] Pop / Rock[170] 7002102800000000000♠

Total available certified units: 102.8 million [show]
US: 87.950 million[11]
JPN: 2 million[b][12][171]
UK: 5.855 million[b][13]
GER: 1.250 million[b][14]
FRA: 925,000[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 3.275 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.267[b][18][19]
AUT: 125,000[b][31]
NZ: 162,500[b][33]
150 million[172]
Phil Collins
United Kingdom 1980–2011, 2015–present[173] 1981[173] Rock / Progressive rock / Adult contemporary[173] 7001877000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 87.7 million [show]
US: 39.850 million[11]
JPN: 800,000[b][12]
UK: 15.250 million[13]
GER: 13.8 million[14]
FRA: 6.410 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 3.375 million[17]
AUS: 1.522[b][18][19]
BRA: 1.370 million[b][21]
SWE: 245,000[b][22]
SPA: 2.150 million[23][24][40][57]
SWI: 973,000[b][25]
BEL: 305,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 980 million[28]
AUT: 440,000[b][31]
FIN: 182,581[46]
NZ: 122,500[33][34]
150 million[174]
Aerosmith
United States 1970–present[175] 1973[175] Hard rock[175] 7001846009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 84.6 million [show]
US: 70.250 million[11]
JPN: 2.7 million[b][12][51]
UK: 3.170 million[13]
GER: 2 million[b][14]
FRA: 225,000[15][16][52]
CAN: 3.950 million[b][17]
AUS: 225,000[b][18][176]
ITA: 100,000[b][20]
BRA: 600,000[b][21]
SWE: 260,000[b][22]
SPA: 200,000[b][23][40]
MEX: 230,000[b][41]
SWI: 145,000[b][25]
ARG: 290,000[b][28]
AUT: 125,000[b][31]
POL: 100,000[b][32]
FIN: 101,722[46]
150 million[177]
Frank Sinatra
United States 1935–1995[178] 1939[178] Pop / Swing[178] 7001372000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 37.2 million [show]
US: 28.2 million[b][11]
UK: 5.385 million[b][13]
GER: 1 million[b][14]
FRA: 600,000[b][15]
CAN: 650,000[b][17]
AUS: 245,000[b][18]
BRA: 350,000[b][21]
SWE: 130,000[b][22]
SPA: 500,000[b][24][40][57]
ARG: 180,000[b][28]
150 million[179]
Barbra Streisand
United States 1960–present[180] 1963[180] Pop / Adult contemporary[180] 7001974000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 97.4 million [show]
US: 82.450 million[11]
UK: 5.765 million[b][13]
GER: 750,000[b][14]
FRA: 3.150 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 2.650 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.047 million[b][18]
SWE: 120,000[22][56]
SPA: 150,000[b][57]
FIN: 186,501[b][46]
NZ: 137,500[b][33]
145 million[181]
Bruno Mars
United States 2004–present[182] 2010[182] Pop rock / R&B[182] 7002118000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 118 million [show]
US: 84.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.1 million[12][51]
UK: 12.9 million[13]
GER: 3.4 million[14]
FRA: 1.775 million[16]
CAN: 5.240 million[17]
AUS: 4.690 million[18]
ITA: 615,000[b][20]
SWE: 440,000[22][56]
SPA: 470,000[23]
MEX: 780,000[41][42]
SWI: 405,000[25]
BEL: 345,000[27]
DEN: 365,000[b][60][183]
AUT: 180,000[31]
NZ: 532,500[33]
PHL: 330,000[184]
124 million[185]
Kanye West
United States 1996–present[186] 2004[186] Hip-hop / Electronic / Pop rock[186] 7002102300000000000♠

Total available certified units: 102.3 million [show]
US: 87.750 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[187]
UK: 10.220 million[13]
GER: 300,000[14]
CAN: 1.180 million[17]
AUS: 2.135 million[18]
ITA: 135,000[b][20]
SWE: 160,000[56]
DEN: 404,000[59][60][68][188]
121 million[189]
Bruce Springsteen
United States 1972–present[190] 1973[190] Rock[190] 7002101500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 101.5 million [show]
US: 76.150 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[b][12]
UK: 7.145 million[13]
GER: 4.325 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.887 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 3.2 million[b][17]
AUS: 3.362 million[b][18]
ITA: 575,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 810,000[b][22][56]
SPA: 1.730 million[b][23][24][39][40][57]
SWI: 400,000[b][25]
DEN: 155,000[b][58][60][68][191]
AUT: 290,000[b][31]
FIN: 449,800[46]
IRE: 189,500[b][101]
NZ: 375,000[33][34]
120 million[192]
Bee Gees
United Kingdom
Australia[193][194] 1963–2003
2009–2012[195] 1963[195] Pop / Disco[195] 7001673000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 67.3 million [show]
US: 41.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12][196][197]
UK: 9.065 million[b][13]
GER: 6.675 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.4 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 3.215 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.187 million[b][18]
BRA: 350,000[b][21]
SPA: 450,000[b][24][39][57]
SWI: 415,000[b][25]
ARG: 180,000[b][28]
AUT: 125,000[b][31]
POL: 100,000[b][32]
NZ: 380,000[b][33][34]
120 million[198]
The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.
100 million to 119 million records
Katy Perry
Justin Bieber
Adele
Lady Gaga
Metallica
Jay Z
Bon Jovi
To ensure the high level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales
Lady Gaga
United States 2005–present[199] 2008[199] Pop / Dance / Electronic[199] 7001972000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 97.2 million [show]
US: 66.5 million[11]
JPN: 5.4 million[12][51]
UK: 10.985 million[13]
GER: 2.9 million[14]
FRA: 1.58 million[16]
CAN: 2.4 million[17]
AUS: 2.890 million[18]
ITA: 815,000[b][20]
BRA: 470,000[21]
SWE: 680,000[22][56]
SPA: 410,000[23]
MEX: 390,000[41][97]
SWI: 445,000[25]
BEL: 270,000[27]
DEN: 340,000[59][60][100]
AUT: 182,500[31]
POL: 130,000[32]
IRE: 165,000[101]
NZ: 277,500[33][34]
114 million[200]
Metallica
United States 1981–present[201] 1983[201] Heavy metal / Thrash metal[201] 7001941000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 94.1 million [show]
US: 73.3 million[11]
JPN: 900,000[b][12]
UK: 3.335 million[13]
GER: 3.425 million[14]
FRA: 940,000[15][16]
CAN: 3.805 million[17]
AUS: 2.637 million[b][18][19][202]
ITA: 180,000[b][20]
BRA: 380,000[b][21]
SWE: 675,000[b][22]
SPA: 420,000[23][40][57]
MEX: 430,000[b][41][97]
SWI: 560,000[b][25]
BEL: 335,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 180,000[60][59]
ARG: 770,000[28]
AUT: 340,000[b][31]
POL: 735,000[b][32]
FIN: 530,676[46]
NZ: 315,000[33][34]
110 million[203]
Katy Perry
United States 2001–present[204] 2008[204] Pop[204] 7002127000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 127 million [show]
US: 96.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[12][51]
UK: 11.750 million[13]
GER: 2.750 million[14]
FRA: 775,000[16]
CAN: 5.8 million[17]
AUS: 5.090 million[18]
ITA: 680,000[b][20]
BRA: 625,000[21]
SWE: 520,000[22][56]
SPA: 180,000[23]
MEX: 900,000[41][97]
SWI: 160,000[25]
BEL: 135,000[27]
DEN: 235,000[58][60]
AUT: 240,000[31]
NZ: 360,000[33][34]
100 million[205]
Justin Bieber
Canada
United States 2008–present[206] 2009[206] Pop / Teen pop, Dance pop[206] 7002126200000000000♠

Total available certified units: 126.5 million [show]
US: 86.5 million[11]
JPN: 750,000 [12][51]
UK: 14.785 million[13]
GER: 3.1 million[14]
FRA: 1.2[16]
CAN: 4.620 million[17]
AUS: 4.340 million[18]
ITA: 1.595 million[20]
BRA: 810,000[21]
SWE: 1.820 million[22][56]
SPA: 860,000[23]
MEX: 2.910 million[41][42][97]
BEL: 435,000[27]
DEN: 1.850 million[60]
POL: 370,000[32]
NZ: 600,000[33]
100 million[207]
Adele
United Kingdom 2006–present[208] 2008[208] Pop, soul[208] 7002104500000000000♠

Total available certified units: 104.5 million [show]
US: 61 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[12]
UK: 20.550 million[13]
GER: 4.7 million[14]
CAN: 6.040 million[17]
AUS: 3.955 million[18]
ITA: 1.545 million[b][20]
BRA: 1.310 million[21]
SWE: 240,000[22][56]
SPA: 800,000[23]
MEX: 1.490 million[41][42]
SWI: 510,000[25]
BEL: 795,000[27]
DEN: 522,500[58][60]
POL: 300,000[b][32]
FIN: 151,639[46]
NZ: 577,500[33]
100 million[209]
Jay Z
United States 1996–present[210] 1996[210] Hip-hop[210] 7001961000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 96.1 million [show]
US: 80.7 million[11]
JPN: 1.050 million[51]
UK: 9.320 million[13]
GER: 1.550 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[16]
CAN: 1.6 million[17]
AUS: 1.260[18]
ITA: 180,000[b][20]
SWE: 130,000[22][56]
100 million[211]
Bon Jovi
United States 1983–present[212] 1983[212] Hard rock / Glam metal[212] 7001838000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 83.8 million [show]
US: 49.9 million[11]
JPN: 4.400 million[b][12][51]
UK: 9.290 million[13]
GER: 5.650 million[14]
FRA: 825,000[15][16][52]
CAN: 4.735 million[17]
AUS: 3.030 million[b][18][213][214]
ITA: 110,000[b][20]
BRA: 435,000[b][21]
SWE: 365,000[b][22][56]
SPA: 1.620 million[23][24][39][40][57]
MEX: 250,000[b][41]
SWI: 1.275 million[b][25]
AUT: 725,000[b][31]
BEL: 165,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 350,000[28]
POL: 110,000[b][32]
FIN: 422,500[46]
NZ: 210,000[33][34]
100 million[215]
Lil Wayne
United States 1996–present[216] 1999[216] Hip-hop[216] 7001799000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 79.9 million [show]
US: 77.7 million[11]
UK: 1.460 million[13]
CAN: 280,000[17]
AUS: 525,000[18]
100 million[217]
Linkin Park
United States 1996–present[218] 2000[218] Alternative rock / Nu metal / Rap rock[218] 7001787000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 78.7 million [show]
US: 58.6 million[11]
JPN: 1.550 million[12][51]
UK: 5.945 million[13]
GER: 5.750 million[14]
FRA: 1.025[16]
CAN: 1.330 million[17]
AUS: 1.450 million[18]
ITA: 430,000[b][20]
BRA: 595,000[21]
SWE: 165,000[22][56]
SPA: 175,000[23]
MEX: 225,000[41]
SWI: 425,000[25]
BEL: 140,000[27]
DEN: 125,000[58][60]
AUT: 252,500[31]
POL: 220,000[32]
FIN: 120,469[46]
NZ: 252,500[33][34]
100 million[219]
Britney Spears
United States 1998–present[220] 1998[220] Pop / Dance / Dance-pop[220] 7001785000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 78.5 million [show]
US: 44.2 million[11]
JPN: 2.1 million[12][129]
UK: 10.150 million[13]
GER: 5.050 million[14]
FRA: 3.732 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 3.680 million[17]
AUS: 3.130 million[18]
ITA: 175,000[b][20]
BRA: 380,000[21]
SWE: 1.010 million[22][56]
SPA: 990,000[23][40][57]
MEX: 1.175 million[b][41]
SWI: 485,000[25]
AUT: 365,000[31]
BEL: 935,000[26][27]
ARG: 240,000[28]
DEN: 187,500[b][58][59][221][222]
POL: 210,000[32]
FIN: 143,627[46]
NZ: 240,000[33][34]
100 million[223]
Beyoncé
United States 1997–present[224] 2002[224][225] R&B / Pop[224] 7001780000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 78 million [show]
US: 53.650 million[11]
JPN: 1.7 million [12][51]
UK: 13.685 million[13]
GER: 1.550 million[14]
FRA: 560,000[16][82]
CAN: 1.395 million[17]
AUS: 2.905 million[18]
ITA: 260,000[b][20]
BRA: 390,000[21]
SPA: 1.010 million[b][23][226]
MEX: 110,000[41]
SWI: 165,000[25]
BEL: 115,000[27]
DEN: 230,000[59][60][68][100][227][228]
POL: 100,000[32]
NZ: 210,000[33][34]
100 million[229]
Rod Stewart
United Kingdom 1964–present[230] 1969[230] Rock / Pop[230] 7001778000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 77.8 million [show]
US: 43.650 million[11]
JPN: 450,000[b][12]
UK: 18.330 million[b][13]
GER: 3.8 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.8 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 4.055 million[b][17]
AUS: 2.610 million[b][18][19]
BRA: 980,000[b][21]
SWE: 440,000[b][22]
SPA: 290,000[b][23][24][39]
SWI: 100,000[b][25]
ARG: 500,000[b][28]
AUT: 100,000[b][31]
POL: 220,000[b][32]
IRE: 195,000[b][101]
NZ: 280,000[b][33][34]
100 million[231]
Fleetwood Mac
United Kingdom
United States 1967–present[232] 1968[232] Rock / Pop[232] 7001761009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 76.1 million [show]
US: 51.250 million[11]
UK: 13.585 million[b][13]
GER: 3.5 million[b][14]
FRA: 800,000[b][15][16]
AUS: 2.767 million[b][18][19]
CAN: 2.950 million[b][17]
SPA: 300,000[b][40][57]
SWI: 100,000[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][27]
NZ: 572,500[b][34][233][234]
100 million[235]
Guns N' Roses
United States 1985–present[236] 1987[236] Hard rock / Heavy metal[236] 7001737000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 73.7 million [show]
US: 48.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.7 million[b][12]
UK: 5.850 million[13]
GER: 4.1 million[14]
FRA: 1 million[16]
CAN: 3.520 million[17]
AUS: 2.410[b][18][19][164]
ITA: 685,000[b][20]
BRA: 1.9 million[b][21]
SWE: 485,000[22]
SPA: 450,000[23][24][39]
MEX: 760,000[b][41]
SWI: 365,000[b][25]
BEL: 165,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 1.080 million[b][28]
AUT: 365,000[31]
IRE: 105,000[b][101]
NZ: 270,000[33][34]
100 million[237]
George Strait
United States 1981–present[238] 1984[238] Country[238] 7001728000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 72.8 million [show]
US: 72.150 million[11]
CAN: 705,000[17]
100 million[239]
Backstreet Boys
United States 1993–present[240] 1995[240] Pop[240] 7001720000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 72 million [show]
US: 41.5 million[11]
JPN: 5.4 million[12][51][241]
UK: 4.835 million[13]
GER: 7 million[14]
FRA: 325,000[15][16]
CAN: 3.430 million[17]
AUS: 1.4 million[b][18]
BRA: 1.625 million[21]
SWE: 655,000[22]
SPA: 1.850 million[40][57]
MEX: 1.475 million[b][41]
SWI: 415,000[25]
BEL: 425,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 740,000[28]
AUT: 325,000[31]
POL: 300,000[32]
FIN: 171,390[46]
NZ: 132,500[33]
100 million[242]
Neil Diamond
United States 1966–present[243] 1966[243] Pop / Rock[243] 7001683000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 68.3 million [show]
US: 55.9 million[11]
UK: 7.130 million[b][13]
GER: 1 million[b][14]
FRA: 400,000[b][15]
CAN: 1.725 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.945 million[b][18]
SPA: 100,000[b][39]
NZ: 127,500[b][33][34]
100 million[244]
Prince
United States 1976–2016[245] 1978[245] Funk / R&B / Pop / Soul / Rock[245] 7001642000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 64.2 million [show]
US: 48.950 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 7.045 million[13]
GER: 2.4 million[14]
FRA: 2.110 million[15][16]
CAN: 1 million[17]
AUS: 1.120[b][18][19]
SWE: 100,000[22]
SPA: 700,000[b][24][39][40][57]
SWI: 250,000[b][25]
AUT: 125,000[b][31]
NZ: 177,500[b][33]
100 million[246]
Paul McCartney
United Kingdom 1960–present[247] 1970[247] Rock[247] 7001606000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 60.6 million [show]
US: 41.450 million[11]
JPN: 500,000[b][12]
UK: 12.365 million[b][13]
GER: 1.525 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.305 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 1.955 million[b][17]
AUS: 465,000[b][18][19]
SWE: 210,000[b][56][248]
SPA: 640,000[b][24][39]
DEN: 210,000[b][59][249]
100 million[250]
Kenny Rogers
United States 1958–present[251] 1975[251] Country / Pop[251] 7001589000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 58.9 million [show]
US: 51.550 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][252]
UK: 2.520 million[13]
CAN: 4.6 million[17]
AUS: 100,000[b][253][254]
SPA: 100,000[b][39]
100 million[255]
Janet Jackson
United States 1982–present[256] 1982[256] R&B / Pop[256] 7001521000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 52.1 million [show]
US: 39.750 million[11]
JPN: 1.6 million [b][12]
UK: 4.760 million[13]
GER: 1.4 million[14]
FRA: 1.475 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 1.460 million[17]
AUS: 1.155[b][18][19]
SWE: 105,000[b][22]
SPA: 150,000[40][57]
SWI: 170,000[b][25]
BEL: 125,000[b][26]
100 million[257]
Julio Iglesias
Spain 1968–present[258] 1968[258] Latin[258] 7001510000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 51 million [show]
US: 11 million[11]
JPN: 800,000[b][259]
UK: 1.620 million[b][13][259]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
FRA: 6.1 million[15][16][52][259]
CAN: 1.5 million[17]
AUS: 540,000[b][18][259]
ITA: 400,000[b][20][259]
NLD:950,000[b][259]
BRA: 12.475 million[b][21][259]
SWE: 290,000[b][22][259]
SPA: 8.7 million[b][23][24][39][40][57][259]
MEX: 2.975 million[b][41][259]
BEL: 125,000[b][259]
ARG: 3.220 million[b][28][259]
FIN: 131,636[b][46]
100 million[260]
Chicago
United States 1967–present[261] 1969[261] Rock / Pop[261] 7001483000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 48.3 million [show]
US: 44.150 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[b][12][262]
UK: 1.490 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
FRA: 100,000[b][15]
CAN: 1.865 million[17]
SPA: 100,000[b][24]
100 million[263]
The Carpenters
United States 1969–1983[264] 1969[264] Pop[264] 7001460000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 46 million [show]
US: 34.6 million[11]
JPN: 2.9 million[b][12][114][265]
UK: 7.950 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
CAN: 275,000[b][17]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
100 million[266]
Bob Dylan
United States 1959–present[267] 1963[267] Folk / Rock[267] 7001451000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 45.1 million [show]
US: 35.6 million[11]
UK: 5.825 million[b][13]
GER: 625,000[b][14]
FRA: 800,000[b][15][16]
CAN: 1.5 million[b][17]
AUS: 480,000[b][18]
SWI: 175,000[b][25]
NZ: 105,000[b][33]
100 million[268]
Dire Straits
United Kingdom 1977–1995[269] 1978[269] Rock [269] 7001447000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 44.7 million [show]
US: 15.5 million[11]
UK: 11.1 million[13]
GER: 3.750 million[14]
FRA: 5.3 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.575 million[17]
AUS: 2.190 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 385,000[b][20]
BRA: 175,000[b][21]
SWE: 360,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.380 million[b][23][24][39][40]
SWI: 1 million[b][25]
BEL: 100,000[b][26][27]
AUT: 300,000[b][31]
FIN: 471,530[46]
NZ: 155,000[b][34]
100 million[270]
Bryan Adams
Canada 1979–present[271] 1979[271] Rock[271] 7001445000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 44.5 million [show]
US: 21 million[11]
JPN: 600,000[b][12]
UK: 8.675 million[13]
GER: 3.850 million[14]
FRA: 650,000[15][16][52]
CAN: 5.120 million[17]
AUS: 2.010 million[b][18][272]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 440,000[b][22]
SPA: 450,000 [b][24][40][57]
SWI: 805,000[b][25]
BEL: 250,000[b][26][27]
AUT: 375,000[b][31]
FIN: 183,444[46]
100 million[273]
Def Leppard
United Kingdom 1977–present[274] 1979[274] Hard rock / Heavy metal[274] 7001416000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 41.6 million [show]
US: 35.650 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 1.660 million[13]
FRA: 200,000[15]
CAN: 2.995 million[17]
AUS: 385,000[19][275]
SWE: 150,000[b][22]
MEX: 200,000[b][41]
SWI: 125,000[b][25]
100 million[276]
Cher
United States 1964–present[277] 1965[277] Pop / Rock / Dance / Folk[277] 7001404000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 40.4 million [show]
US: 21.9 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 6.450 million[b][13]
GER: 4.175 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.525 million[b][16][52]
CAN: 1.340 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.530 million[b][18][278]
ITA: 300,000[b][279]
BRA: 125,000[b][21]
SWE: 850,000[b][22][56]
SPA: 600,000[b][40][57][279]
MEX: 200,000[b][41]
SWI: 295,000[b][25]
BEL: 275,000[b][26]
DEN: 300,000[b][279][280]
AUT: 250,000[b][31]
POL: 100,000[b][32]
NZ: 150,000[33][281]
100 million[282]
Lionel Richie
United States 1968–present[283] 1981[283] Pop / R&B[283] 7001402000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 40.2 million [show]
US: 28.650 million[11]
UK: 6.155 million[b][13]
GER: 1.050 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.4 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 2.380 million[b][17]
AUS: 260,000[b][18][284]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SPA: 150,000[24][39]
SWI: 145,000[b][25]
100 million[285]
Genesis
United Kingdom 1967–1999
2006–present[286] 1969[286] Progressive rock / Pop rock[286] 7001399000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 39.9 million [show]
US: 21.650 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 7.325 million[b][13]
GER: 5.875 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.460 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 805,000[b][17]
SWE: 100,000[b][22]
SPA: 250,000[b][23][24][39]
SWI: 400,000[b][25]
100 million[287]
James Taylor
United States 1968–present[288] 1970[288] Rock / Pop[288] 7001355000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 35.5 million [show]
US: 34.650 million[11]
UK: 655,000[b][13]
CAN: 100,000[b][17]
AUS: 100,000[b][18]
100 million[289]
Olivia Newton-John
Australia 1966–present[290] 1966[290] Pop[290] 7001346000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 34.6 million [show]
US: 27 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 3.950 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
CAN: 3.025 million[b][17]
AUS: 310,000[b][18][19]
100 million[291]
Stevie Wonder
United States 1961–present[292] 1962[292] Funk / R&B / Soul[292] 7001346000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 34.6 million [show]
US: 21.650 million[11]
JPN: 1.050 million[b][12]
UK: 8.285 million[b][13]
GER: 500,000[b][14]
FRA: 1.4 million[b][15][52]
CAN: 1.550 million[17]
SPA: 250,000[b][39]
100 million[293]
Tina Turner
United States 1955–present[294] 1975[294] Rock / Pop[294] 7001328009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 32.8 million [show]
US: 12.7 million[11]
UK: 8.145 million[13]
GER: 6.050 million[14]
FRA: 1.135 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 1.560 million[17]
AUS: 480,000[b][18][19]
SWE: 330,000[b][22]
SPA: 700,000[b][23][24][39][40]
SWI: 565,000[b][25]
BEL: 190,000[b][26][27]
AUT: 630,000[b][31]
POL: 120,000[b][32]
FIN: 241,954[46]
100 million[295]
Linda Ronstadt
United States 1967–present[296] 1968[296] Rock / Folk / Country[296] 7001325000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 32.5 million [show]
US: 31.5 million[11]
UK: 435,000[b][13]
FRA: 100,000[b][15]
CAN: 500,000[b][17]
100 million[297]
Donna Summer
United States 1968–2012[298] 1974[298] Pop / Disco / R&B[298] 7001308000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 30.8 million [show]
US: 24.5 million[11]
UK: 3.735 million[b][13]
FRA: 900,000[b][15][16]
CAN: 1.550 million[b][17]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SPA: 100,000[b][40]
100 million[299]
The Beach Boys
United States 1961–present[300] 1962[300] Rock / Pop / Surf Rock[300] 7001305000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 30.5 million [show]
US: 25.6 million[11]
UK: 3.410 million[b][13]
GER: 250,000[b][14]
FRA: 400,000[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 100,000[b][17]
AUS: 492,500[b][18][19]
SPA: 250,000[b][39][40]
100 million[301]
David Bowie
United Kingdom 1962–2016[302] 1967[302] Art rock / Glam rock / Pop[302] 7001296000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 29.6 million [show]
US: 11.7 million[11]
JPN: 200,000[b][12]
UK: 11.445 million[b][13]
GER: 525,000[b][14]
FRA: 2.380 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 2.215 million[b][17]
AUS: 565,000[b][18]
ITA: 320,000[b][20]
SPA: 170,000[b][23][24][39]
NZ: 142,500[b][33]
100 million[303]
The Who
United Kingdom 1964–present[304] 1965[304] Rock / Hard rock[304] 7001269000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 26.9 million [show]
US: 22.150 million[11]
UK: 3.905 million[b][13]
FRA: 300,000[b][15]
CAN: 425,000[b][17]
ITA: 125,000[b][20]
100 million[305]
Barry White
United States 1972–2003[306] 1973[306] R&B / Soul[306] 7001217000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 21.7 million [show]
US: 16.5 million[11]
UK: 3.665 million[b][13]
FRA: 1.1 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 150,000[b][17]
SPA: 200,000[b][57]
BEL: 150,000[b][27]
100 million[307]
The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.
80 million to 99 million records
B'z
Shania Twain
Coldplay
Flo Rida
Nicki Minaj
Ayumi Hamasaki
Van Halen
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales
Shania Twain
Canada 1993–present[308] 1993[308] Country pop[308] 7001756009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 75.6 million [show]
US: 54.5 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 6.795 million[13]
GER: 1.750 million[14]
FRA: 975,000[16][52]
CAN: 6.8 million[17]
AUS: 2.360 million[b][18]
BRA: 475,000[21]
SWE: 330,000[22]
SPA: 100,000[57]
MEX: 100,000[b][41]
SWI: 310,000[25]
BEL: 250,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 120,000[28]
AUT: 115,000[31]
NZ: 402,500[33][34]
90 million[309]
Coldplay
United Kingdom 1996–present[310] 1999[310] Alternative rock, Pop rock, Pop[310] 7001737000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 73.7 million [show]
US: 26.6 million[11]
JPN: 750,000[12][51]
UK: 23.085 million[13]
GER: 4.150 million[14]
FRA: 2.930[16]
CAN: 3.205 million[17]
AUS: 3.585 million[18]
ITA: 2.525 million[b][20]
BRA: 340,000[21]
SWE: 590,000[22][56]
SPA: 1.030 million[23]
MEX: 1.890 million[41][42][97]
SWI: 510,000[25]
BEL: 735,000[27]
ARG: 280,000[28]
DEN: 619,000[58][60]
AUT: 197,500[31]
POL: 220,000[b][32]
IRE: 210,000[b][101]
NZ: 345,000[33]
90 million[311]
Santana
United States 1966–present[312] 1969[312] Rock[312] 7001618000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 61.8 million [show]
US: 47.475 million[11]
JPN: 400,000[b][12]
UK: 2.980 million[b][13]
GER: 2.4 million[b][14]
FRA: 3.510 million[b][15][16][52]
CAN: 1.660 million[b][17]
AUS: 855,000[b][18]
BRA: 375,000[b][21]
SWE: 125,000[b][22]
SPA: 450,000[b][40][57]
MEX: 405,000[b][41]
SWI: 375,000[b][25]
BEL: 190,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 150,000[b][28]
AUT: 145,000[b][31]
POL: 205,000[b][32]
NZ: 135,000[b][33][34]
90 million[313]
Earth, Wind & Fire
United States 1969–present[314] 1971[314] Funk / R&B / Soul[314] 7001356000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 35.6 million [show]
US: 31.8 million[11]
JPN: 500,000[b][12][315][316]
UK: 2.525 million[13]
FRA: 500,000[15][16]
CAN: 360,000[17]
90 million[317]
Johnny Cash
United States 1954–2003[318] 1956[318] Country/ Rock and roll/ Gospel[318] 7001307000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 30.7 million [show]
US: 25.7 million[11]
UK: 3.660 million[b][13]
GER: 400,000[b][14]
CAN: 490,000[b][17]
AUS: 522,500[b][18]
90 million[319]
B'z
Japan 1988–present[320] 1988[320] Rock / Pop rock / Hard rock[320] 7001855000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 85.5 million [show]
JPN: 85.5 million[b][12][51][105]
86 million[321]
Nicki Minaj
United States 2008–present[322] 2010[322] Hip hop, Pop[322] 7001670000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 67 million [show]
US: 54.5 million[11]
JPN: 350,000[51]
UK: 6.1 million[13]
GER: 800,000[14]
FRA: 225,000[16]
CAN: 480,000[17]
AUS: 2.835 million[18]
ITA: 350,000[20]
BRA: 250,000[21]
SWE: 400,000[22][56]
SPA: 100,000[23]
MEX: 150,000[41][97]
SWI: 180,000[25]
DEN: 130,000[60]
NZ: 187,500[33]
85 million[323]
R.E.M.
United States 1980–2011[324] 1983[324] Alternative rock[324] 7001424000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 42.4 million [show]
US: 21.150 million[11]
UK: 8.705 million[13]
GER: 4.275 million[14]
FRA: 1.450 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.650 million[17]
AUS: 1.030[b][18][19]
ITA: 175,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[b][21]
SWE: 500,000[b][22]
SPA: 1.1 million[23][24][40][57]
SWI: 450,000[b][25]
BEL: 150,000[b][26][27]
DEN: 155,000[b][58][59]
AUT: 350,000[b][31]
IRE: 127,500[b][101]
NZ: 105,000[33]
85 million[325]
Flo Rida
United States 2007–present[326] 2007[326] Hip-hop, Hip house, EDM[326] 7001698000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 69.8 million [show]
US: 49 million[11]
JPN: 650,000[b][12][51]
UK: 7.960 million[13]
GER: 3 million[14]
FRA: 225,000[16]
CAN: 2.810 million[17]
AUS: 3.535 million[b][18]
ITA: 330,000[b][20]
SWE: 780,000[22]
SPA: 140,000[57]
MEX: 330,000[b][41]
SWI: 420,000[25]
DEN: 205,000[b][60]
AUT: 180,000[31]
NZ: 247,500[33][34]
80 million[327]
Ayumi Hamasaki
Japan 1998–present[328] 1998[328] J-pop / Pop / dance / electronic[328] 7001643000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 64.3 million [show]
JPN: 64.3 million[12][51][105]
80 million[329][330]
Van Halen
United States 1978–present[331] 1978[331] Hard rock / Heavy metal[331] 7001643000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 64.3 million [show]
US: 57.8 million[11]
JPN: 1.3 million[b][12][129]
UK: 740,000[13]
GER: 1.5 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[15]
CAN: 2.450 million[17]
BRA: 200,000[b][21]
80 million[332]
Red Hot Chili Peppers
United States 1983–present[333] 1987[333] Funk rock / Alternative rock[333] 7001573000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 57.3 million [show]
US: 32.250 million[11]
JPN: 2.6 million[b][12][51]
UK: 9.595 million[13]
GER: 2.650 million[14]
FRA: 1.420 million[16]
CAN: 2.020 million[17]
AUS: 2.590 million[b][18][19]
ITA: 420,000[b][20]
BRA: 515,000[b][21]
SWE: 390,000[b][22]
SPA: 640,000[23][40][57]
MEX: 150,000[b][41]
SWI: 405,000[b][25]
BEL: 170,000[b][27]
ARG: 390,000[28]
DEN: 227,000[b][58][59][68][334]
AUT: 247,500[b][31]
POL: 245,000[b][32]
FIN: 171,951[46]
NZ: 285,000[33][34]
80 million[335]
Foreigner
United States
United Kingdom 1976–present[336] 1977[336] Rock / Hard Rock[336] 7001496000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 49.6 million [show]
US: 45.1 million[11]
UK: 1.300 million[13]
GER: 1.5 million[14]
FRA: 400,000[15][16]
CAN: 700,000[17]
AUS: 105,000[b][18]
SWI: 125,000[b][25]
80 million[337]
The Doors
United States 1965–1973[338] 1967[338] Psychedelic rock[338] 7001469000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 46.9 million [show]
US: 36.6 million[11]
UK: 2.040 million[b][13]
GER: 1.750 million[b][14]
FRA: 1.9 million[b][15][16]
CAN: 2.780 million[b][17]
AUS: 1.022 million[b][18]
ITA: 130,000[b][20]
BRA: 100,000[21]
SPA: 300,000[b][39][57]
SWI: 125,000[b][25]
ARG: 150,000[28]
AUT: 100,000[b][31]
80 million[339]
George Michael
United Kingdom 1981–2016[340] 1984[340] Pop[340] 7001457000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 45.7 million [show]
US: 19.8 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12]
UK: 12.850 million[13]
GER: 2.4 million[14]
FRA: 3.217 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 1.770 million[17]
AUS: 2.205 million[b][18][19]
BRA: 350,000[b][21]
SWE: 310,000[b][22]
SPA: 850,000[23][24][39][40][57]
SWI: 335,000[b][25]
BEL: 215,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 110,000[b][28]
DEN: 380,000[58][60][68][341]
AUT: 140,000[b][31]
POL: 340,000[b][32]
NZ: 140,000[33][34]
80 million[342]
Reba McEntire
United States 1975–present[343] 1987[343] Country / Country Pop[343] 7001427000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 42.7 million [show]
US: 41.9 million[11]
CAN: 850,000[17]
80 million[344]
Meat Loaf
United States 1968–present[345] 1977[345] Rock / Hard rock[345] 7001415000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 41.5 million [show]
US: 23.6 million[11]
UK: 9.665 million[13]
GER: 2.350 million[14]
CAN: 3.260 million[17]
AUS: 2.382 million[b][18][19]
SWE: 100,000[b][22]
SWI: 115,000[b][25]
AUT: 100,000[b][31]
80 million[346]
Barry Manilow
United States 1973–present[347] 1973[347] Pop / Soft rock[347] 7001365000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 36.5 million [show]
US: 33.3 million[11]
UK: 2.825 million[13]
CAN: 400,000[b][17]
80 million[348]
Tom Petty
United States 1976–present[349] 1977[349] Rock[349] 7001346000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 34.6 million [show]
US: 31.250 million[11]
UK: 1 million[13]
GER: 500,000[14]
CAN: 1.7 million[17]
SWE: 200,000[b][22]
80 million[350]
Johnny Hallyday
France 1957–present[351] 1960[351] Rock / Pop[351] 7001247000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 24.7 million [show]
FRA: 24.035 million[b][15][16][52][82][352]
SWI: 268,000[b][25]
BEL: 430,000[b][26][27]
80 million[353]
The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.
75 million to 79 million records
Journey
The Black Eyed Peas
Kenny G
Tupac Shakur
Usher
Robbie Williams
Enya
To ensure the highest level of fact checking and editorial control, this list sources sales figures to news organizations and highly regarded music industry related organizations such as MTV, VH1, Billboard and Rolling Stone.
The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles (including digital downloads) and videos.
Markets' order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom.[8][9]

Artist
Country / Market
Period active
Release-year of first charted record
Genre
Total certified units
(from available markets)[b]
Claimed sales
The Black Eyed Peas
United States 1995–present[354] 1998[354] Hip-hop / R&B / Dance[354] 7001556000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 55.6 million [show]
US: 29.4 million[11]
JPN: 1.250 million[12][51]
UK: 10.8 million[13]
GER: 2.250 million[14]
FRA: 2.650 million[16]
CAN: 2.7 million[17]
AUS: 3.270 million[18]
ITA: 365,000[b][20]
BRA: 255,000[21]
SWE: 300,000[22][56]
SPA: 460,000[b][23]
MEX: 390,000[b][41]
SWI: 460,000[25]
BEL: 460,000[27]
DEN: 161,000[b][60][68][100][355][355][356]
IRE: 135,000[b][101]
NZ: 340,000[33][34]
76 million[357]
Journey
United States 1973–present[358] 1975[358] Rock / Soft rock[358] 7001620000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 62 million [show]
US: 59.7 million[11]
JPN: 300,000[b][12][359]
UK: 1.360 million[13]
CAN: 725,000[17]
75 million[360]
Kenny G
United States 1982–present[361] 1984[361] Smooth jazz[361] 7001519000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 51.9 million [show]
US: 48.1 million[11]
JPN: 700,000[b][12]
UK: 360,000[13]
CAN: 950,000[17]
BRA: 1.350 million[b][21]
SPA: 450,000[24][40]
75 million[362]
Tupac Shakur
United States 1991–1996[363] 1991[363] Hip hop[363] 7001509000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 50.9 million [show]
US: 46.2 million[11]
UK: 3.015 million[13]
GER: 500,000[14]
CAN: 820,000[17]
AUS: 395,000[18]
75 million[364]
Usher
United States 1991–present[365] 1994[365] R&B / Pop[365] 7001509000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 50.9 million [show]
US: 37.435 million[11]
JPN: 750,000 [12][51]
UK: 7.925 million[13]
GER: 850,000[14]
FRA: 210,000[16]
CAN: 1.190 million[17]
AUS: 2.112 million[18]
SWE: 105,000[22][56]
SWI: 170,000[25]
DEN: 117,500[b][60][59]
NZ: 150,000[33]
75 million[366]
Robbie Williams
United Kingdom 1990–present[367] 1996[367] Pop rock[367] 7001503000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 50.3 million [show]
US: 500,000[11]
UK: 27.350 million[13]
GER: 9.475 million[14]
FRA: 2.695 million[16][52]
CAN: 250,000[17]
AUS: 2.905 million[18]
ITA: 360,000[b][20]
SWE: 445,000[22][56]
SPA: 440,000[b][23][57]
MEX: 1.595 million[b][41]
SWI: 983,000[25]
BEL: 600,000[26][27]
DEN: 631,500[b][58][59][60][68][76]
AUT: 917,500[31]
POL: 140,000[32]
ARG: 270,000[28]
FIN: 235,743[46]
IRE: 135,000[b][101]
NZ: 445,000[33]
75 million[368]
Enya
Ireland 1982–present[369] 1987[369] New-age / Celtic[369] 7001500000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 50 million [show]
US: 26.5 million[11]
JPN: 4.6 million[b][12]
UK: 5.250 million[13]
GER: 4.2 million[14]
FRA: 775,000[15][16]
CAN: 1.540 million[17]
AUS: 1.505[b][18][19]
BRA: 1.650 million[b][21]
SWE: 390,000[22]
SPA: 1.760 million[23][40]
MEX: 125,000[b][41]
SWI: 370,000[b][25]
BEL: 460,000[b][27]
ARG: 390,000[28]
DEN: 100,000[b][29][370][371][372]
AUT: 185,000[b][31]
POL: 120,000[b][32]
NZ: 135,000[33]
75 million[373]
Alabama
United States 1972–present[374] 1980[374] Country / Pop rock[374] 7001480000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 48 million [show]
US: 46.8 million[11]
CAN: 1.2 million[17]
75 million[375]
Nirvana
United States 1987–1994[376] 1989[376] Grunge / Alternative rock[376] 7001455000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 45.5 million [show]
US: 26.5 million[11]
JPN: 1.3 million[b][12]
UK: 5.570 million[13]
GER: 1.250 million[14]
FRA: 2.5 million[15][16]
CAN: 2.970 million[17]
AUS: 1.257[b][18][202][377]
ITA: 375,000[b][20]
BRA: 725,000[b][21]
SWE: 380,000[22]
SPA: 450,000[23][24][40]
MEX: 475,000[b][41]
SWI: 190,000[25]
BEL: 350,000[b][26][27]
ARG: 490,000[28]
AUT: 230,000[b][31]
POL: 300,000[b][32]
NZ: 215,000[33][34]
75 million[378]
The Police
United Kingdom 1977–1986
2007–2008[379] 1978[379] Pop / Rock[379] 7001388009999900000♠

Total available certified units: 38.8 million [show]
US: 23.150 million[11]
JPN: 100,000[b][12]
UK: 8.160 million[13]
GER: 1.775 million[14]
FRA: 3.340 million[15][16][52]
CAN: 875,000[17]
AUS: 407,500[b][18]
ITA: 100,000[b][20]
BRA: 140,000[b][21]
SPA: 300,000[b][24][39]
MEX: 100,000[b][41]
BEL: 115,000[b][380][381][382]
ARG: 252,000[b][28]
75 million[383]
Bob Marley
Jamaica 1962–1981[384] 1975[384] Reggae[384] 7001385000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 38.5 million [show]
US: 21.850 million[11]
JPN: 200,000[b][12]
UK: 7.175 million[13]
GER: 1.750 million[14]
FRA: 4.735 million[16]
CAN: 600,000[17]
AUS: 350,000[385][386]
ITA: 225,000[b][20]
SWE: 120,000[b][22]
SPA: 450,000[b][24][39][40][57]
SWI: 303,000[b][25]
ARG: 240,000[b][28]
AUT: 125,000[b][31]
NZ: 427,500[b][33][34]
75 million[387]
Kiss
United States 1972–present[388] 1974[388] Hard rock / Heavy metal[388] 7001278000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 27.8 million [show]
US: 26 million[11]
CAN: 1.495 million[b][17]
UK: 100,000[13]
AUS: 130,000[b][18]
ARG: 112,000[b][28]
75 million[389]
Aretha Franklin
United States 1956–present[390] 1961[390] Soul / Jazz / Blues / R&B[390] 7001247000000000000♠

Total available certified units: 24.7 million [show]
US: 23.5 million[11]
UK: 840,000[b][13]
FRA: 275,000[b][15][16]
CAN: 150,000[b][17]
75 million[391]
The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more.
See also
List of best-selling albums
List of best-selling singles
List of best-selling girl groups
List of highest-certified music artists in the United States
Notes
Jump up ^ To be on this list, artists who began charting:
before 1975 are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 20% in certified units.
between 1975–1990 are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 20–64% in certified units. (That is 2.9% for each additional year after 1975)
between 1990–2000 are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 64–70% in certified units. (That is 0.6% for each additional year after 1990)
between 2000–present are required to have their available claimed figures supported by 70–80% in certified units. (That is 0.66% for each additional year after 2000)
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch ci cj ck cl cm cn co cp cq cr cs ct cu cv cw cx cy cz da db dc dd de df dg dh di dj dk dl dm dn do dp dq dr ds dt du dv dw dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg eh ei ej ek el em en eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd fe ff fg fh fi fj fk fl fm fn fo fp fq fr fs ft fu fv fw fx fy fz ga gb gc gd ge gf gg gh gi gj gk gl gm gn go gp gq gr gs gt gu gv gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu hv hw hx hy hz ia ib ic id ie if ig ih ii ij ik il im in io ip iq ir is it iu iv iw ix iy iz ja jb jc jd je jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm jn jo jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt ku kv kw kx ky kz la lb lc ld le lf lg lh li lj lk ll lm ln lo lp lq lr ls lt lu lv lw lx ly lz ma mb mc md me mf mg mh mi mj mk ml mm mn mo mp mq mr ms mt mu mv mw mx my mz na nb nc nd ne nf ng nh ni nj nk nl nm nn no np nq nr ns nt nu nv nw nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or os ot ou ov ow ox oy oz pa pb pc pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py pz qa qb qc qd qe qf qg qh qi qj qk ql qm qn qo qp qq qr qs qt qu qv qw qx qy qz ra rb rc rd re rf rg rh ri rj rk rl rm rn ro rp rq rr rs rt ru rv rw rx ry rz sa sb sc sd se sf sg sh si sj sk sl sm sn so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx sy sz ta tb tc td te tf tg th ti tj tk tl tm tn to tp tq tr ts tt tu tv tw tx ty tz ua ub uc ud ue uf ug uh ui uj uk ul um un uo up uq ur us ut uu uv uw ux uy uz va vb vc vd ve vf vg vh vi vj vk vl vm vn vo vp vq vr vs vt vu vv vw vx vy vz wa wb wc wd we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl wm wn wo wp wq wr ws wt wu wv ww wx wy wz xa xb xc xd xe xf xg xh xi xj xk xl xm xn xo xp xq xr xs xt xu xv xw xx xy xz ya yb yc yd ye yf yg yh yi yj yk yl ym yn yo yp Certification systems have been established periodically throughout the past half century; thus, certification databases are not able to cover all sales. Some (or all) records released and sold prior to a certification system's establishment year may not be found within the available searchable certification databases. Year of establishment (from largest market to smallest based on Retail Value each market generates respectively):[8][9]
United States: 1958[392]
Japan: 1989:[393]
United Kingdom: 1973[13]
Germany: 1975[14]
France: 1973[394]
Canada: 1975[395]
Australia: 1997[18] (online certification-database has begun since 1997. Certifications; however, existed in Australia since the 1970s)
Italy: 2009[20] (online certification-database covers certifications issued since 2009. Certifications; however, have existed in Italy since the 1990s)
Netherlands: 1978[396]
Brazil: 1990[397]
Sweden: 1987[22]
Spain: 1979[39]
Mexico: 1999[398]
Switzerland: 1989[399]
Belgium: 1997[400]
Argentina: 1980[401]
Denmark: 2001[58] (online certifications for Denmark start from 2001. Certifications; however, existed in Denmark since the early 1990s[402])
Austria: 1990[31]
Poland: 1995[32]
Finland: 1971[403]
Ireland: 2005[101]
New Zealand: July 1978[33]
Certified sales might sometimes be larger than actual sales, if stores order more albums than they are able to sell, due to certifications generally being determined by shipments and not actual sales. Often, however, actual sales are larger than certified sales, since record labels must pay a fee to obtain certifications. Record companies often apply for certifications only when a record reaches a multiple certification-levels, meaning certifications might not be visible in the databases for more than a short period of time after an album reached a certification level.[404][405] As global music sales declined in the 2000s mostly due to CD burning and downloading from unauthorized sites, certification bodies opted to reduce their certification levels.[406] See the changes in Certification-award-levels in the following markets:
United States[407] (Note, U.S. certification-award-levels for singles before 1989 were: 1,000,000 for Gold and 2,000,000 for Platinum.[408] Also, U.S. certification-awards for Shortform albums before September 1996 were: 250,000 for Gold and 500,000 for Platinum[409])
Japan[410][411]
United Kingdom[412]
Germany[413]
France[16][394][414][415]
Canada[416] (Canadian certification-award-levels for singles before February 1982 were: 75,000 for Gold and 150,000 for Platinum[417])
Italy[20][418][419]
Netherlands[420]
Brazil[421][422]
Sweden[423]
Spain[424][425]
Mexico[426][427]
Switzerland[399]
Belgium[428][429]
Argentina[401]
Denmark[402][430][431][432]
Austria:[428][433][434][434]
Poland[435][436]
Finland[403]
New Zealand: (NZ certification levels before June 2007 were: 5,000 for Gold, 10,000 for Platinum)[437] (The levels for singles were adjusted again on June 17, 2016 from previous 7,500 for Gold, 15,000 for Platinum, to 15,000 for Gold, 30,000 for Platinum)[438]
References
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^ Jump up to: a b c Proefrock, Stacia. "Allmusic: Celine Dion (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
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^ Jump up to: a b "RIAJ: Digital Certifications (July 2010)" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Archived from the original on September 15, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
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Jump up ^ "IFPI Denmark: Certificeringer". IFPI Denmark. IFPI Denmark. Retrieved September 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Celine Dion to launch fashion line with The Bugatti Group". Kingston Whig-Standard. February 3, 2017. Retrieved February 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ptashnick, Victoria (August 22, 2013). "Céline Dion joins Twitter". Toronto Star. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ Sandhu, Sukhdev (February 2, 2008). "Learning to love Celine Dion". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved January 27, 2013.
Jump up ^ Barhat, Vikram Singh (March 6, 2008). "Celine Dion: Taking Chances tour to heights". Gulf News. Retrieved February 20, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: AC/DC (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Pladebranchen.08 offentliggøres i dag". IFPI Denmark. August 27, 2009. Retrieved May 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Marchand, Francois (September 23, 2015). "Review: AC/DC thrill Vancouver fans at BC Place". The Vancouver Sun. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ McGreevy, Ronan (July 1, 2015). "‘AC/DC’s music is the best antidepressant there is’". The Irish Times. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rock Giants AC/DC Accept The Inevitable And Agree To Make Their Music Available On iTunes". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. November 19, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Williams, Martin (December 20, 2008). "MSPs tell AC/DC ... We Salute You". The Herald of Glasgow. Retrieved January 19, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Whitney Houston (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "RIAJ: Digital Certifications (January 2014)" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Locker, Melissa (August 8, 2013). "Whitney Houston: 10 Career-Defining Moments". Time. Retrieved October 15, 2013.
Jump up ^ Levine, Barry (January 24, 2015). "Four more who should be in the Hall of Fame". The Albany Herald. Retrieved March 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Thurston, Michael (February 12, 2012). "Music world stunned at Whitney Houston's death". The Australian. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ France-Presse, Agence (February 12, 2012). "Music world stunned at death of Whitney Houston, 48". Hürriyet Daily News. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Queen (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
Jump up ^ 年度別ミリオンセラー一覧　2004年 [2004 Million Seller List] (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Castle, Jill (January 13, 2015). "The 20 Queen facts you can share with your mates at the Hydro". The Herald of Glasgow. Retrieved January 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ Tolhurst, Alain (May 29, 2012). "Queen guitarist reveals Sidmouth inspiration". Sidmouth Herald. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Fox, Emily (December 31, 2013). "Queen rocker Brian May reveals he is undergoing 'urgent tests' for cancer". Daily Express. Retrieved February 1, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: The Rolling Stones (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
Jump up ^ Lawless, Jill; Dixon, Louise (July 13, 2013). "Rolling Stones celebrate 50 years on stage". The Seattle Times. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ McCall, Tris (October 16, 2012). "Maybe the last time? Rolling Stones set to rock Newark, London". The Star-Ledger. Retrieved January 9, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ankeny, Jason. "Allmusic: ABBA (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 24, 2013.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: The Record: July 2001 (Gold Album-Page 8)" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Nielsen Business Media, Inc (September 8, 1979). ABBA's Australian certifications at Billboard Magazine (September 8, 1979 issue). Billboard. Retrieved April 25, 2010.
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Jump up ^ "The Official NZ Music Charts: Top 40 Albums (28 April 2014)". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Official NZ Music Charts: Top 40 Albums (19 March 2007)". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ Trauth, Beti (February 28, 2012). "ABBA music enhances 'Mamma Mia!' at the Van Duzer". Times-Standard. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ Lengel, Kerry (January 1, 2014). "Review: ‘Mamma Mia!’ at ASU Gammage". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
Jump up ^ Murray, Philip (August 9, 2013). "ABBA Gold and the UK Bee Gees tribute acts to perform in Skegness". Skegness Standard Newspaper. Retrieved May 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ "ABBA, Hollies, Genesis enter Rock Hall in NYC bash". The Register Citizen Newspaper. March 16, 2010. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Leahey, Andrew. "Allmusic: Taylor Swift (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Wirt, John (July 8, 2015). "Superstar Taylor Swift encores in Tiger Stadium". The Advocate of Louisiana. Retrieved July 8, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Garth Brooks (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Smith, Kelly (March 10, 2016). "Garth Brooks is back in Raleigh, doing 3 shows at PNC". The News & Observer. Retrieved September 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Eminem (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "IFPI Denmark: Certificeringer (Page 17)". IFPI Denmark. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ McAloon, Jonathan (July 15, 2015). "Letter from Eminem to Tupac’s mother discovered". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Eagles (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "ARIA: ARIA Albums Chart (19/01/2015)". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ Michelle, Mitchell (March 30, 2017). "Eagles tribute band comes to the Wayne". The Daily Progress. Retrieved June 19, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: U2 (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ARIA: ARIA Catalogue Albums Chart (22/09/2014)". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved September 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Pladebranchen.08 offentliggøres i dag". IFPI Denmark. November 2, 2005. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Marlowe, Lara (June 7, 2015). "Former U2 manager Paul McGuinness: Cracking crime on the Côte d’Azur". The Irish Times. Retrieved October 8, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Billy Joel (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: Digital Certifications (May 2009)" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved April 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ Case, Wesley (January 29, 2015). "Billy Joel to perform at M&T Bank Stadium in July". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 15, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Phil Collins (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Payne, Ed (October 29, 2015). "Phil Collins' fans rejoice: Artist announces end of retirement". CNN. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Aerosmith (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "1990 ARIA Singes Chart: Annual Charts". ARIA. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Leimkuehler, Matthew (April 11, 2016). "Aerosmith frontman Steven Tyler to perform at Iowa State Fair". The Des Moines Register. Retrieved October 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Frank Sinatra (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Roberts, Kathaleen (December 6, 2015). "New Mexico musicians weigh in on performing with Frank Sinatra". Albuquerque Journal. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Barbra Streisand (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Gornall, Jonathan (August 25, 2016). "Newsmaker: Barbra Streisand". The National of Abu Dhabi. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Jeffries, David. "Allmusic: Bruno Mars (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hitlisten.nu: Album Top-40 (Uge 12-2011)". Tracklisten. Hitlisten.nu. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ "PARI: List of PARI Gold, Platinum & Diamond Awardees". Philippine Association of the Record Industry. PARI. Retrieved August 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ McClellan, Bill (July 29, 2017). "Where's our burning love in St. Louis?". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Retrieved July 30, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Birchmeier, Jason. "Allmusic: Kanye West (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: Gold/Platinum database: October 2010" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Archived from the original on September 15, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hitlisten.nu: Track Top-40 (Uge 01-2009)". Tracklisten. Hitlisten.nu. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Cobb, Chris (July 11, 2015). "Bluesfest review: Twenty minutes late, Kanye West still captures massive crowd". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved July 25, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Bruce Springsteen (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Guld og platin i april". IFPI Denmark. May 27, 2009. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kidd, James (October 19, 2016). "Book review: with Born to Run, Bruce Springsteen charts a true artist’s life". South China Morning Post. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Colin Larkin (27 May 2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music. Omnibus Press. p. 448.
Jump up ^ Maury Dean (2003). Rock 'N' Roll Gold Rush. Algora Publishing. p. 283.
^ Jump up to: a b c Eder, Bruce. "Allmusic: Bee Gees (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: The Record: July 1996 (Page 5)" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
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Jump up ^ McKay, Hollie (June 5, 2014). "Barry Gibb honors brothers at sold out show, reveals Bee Gees' best song". Fox News. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Lady Gaga (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved September 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ Barr, Gordon (November 20, 2014). "Lady Gaga: We chart her career as she prepares for Metro Radio Arena concert". Evening Chronicle. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Metallica (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "ARIA: ARIA Catalogue Albums Chart (07/10/2013)". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Pashelka, Curtis (January 20, 2015). "Shark Hosting 'Metallica Night' at SAP Center". The Mercury News. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Leahey, Andrew. "Allmusic: Katy Perry (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ M. Andrews, Travis (May 17, 2017). "Katy Perry is the first judge named for new ‘American Idol’". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Collar, Matt. "Allmusic: Justin Bieber (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved March 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ Vincent, Alice (August 21, 2016). "Justin Bieber disappoints with 'hungover' performance at V Festival". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Jeffries, Davis. "Allmusic: Adele (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved December 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ Caldwell, Felicity (November 15, 2016). "Adele Australian tour 2017: Grammy winner to sing at Brisbane's Gabba in March". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Birchmeier, Jason. "Allmusic: Jay-Z (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved February 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Pagliery, Jose (January 30, 2015). "Jay-Z to buy music streaming Aspiro for $56 million". CNN. Retrieved February 3, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Bon Jovi (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Report 28th January 2008 (Issue 935)" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved April 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Bon Jovi's Australian certifications sent by ARIA team". ARIA. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Scott, Mathew (September 9, 2015). "Jon Bon Jovi recalls the early days and how Livin' on a Prayer changed everything". South China Morning Post. Retrieved November 13, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Jeffries, David. "Allmusic: Lil Wayne (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Levy, Piet (April 27, 2016). "Lil Wayne, Jeezy coming to UW-Milwaukee Panther Arena June 12". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved June 10, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Leahey, Andrew. "Allmusic: Linkin Park (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ Shaw, Phil (July 25, 2017). "Chester Bennington: Lead singer of Linkin Park remembered". The Independent. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Britney Spears (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Guld og platin i april (01/05/2008)". IFPI Denmark. May 1, 2008. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "IFPI Denmark: Certificeringer (Page 6)". IFPI Denmark. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Schwarz, Hunter (November 6, 2014). "Finally, our elected officials are giving Britney Spears the respect she deserves". The Washington Post. Retrieved February 2, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Leahey, Andrew. "Allmusic: Beyonce (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 31, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Official Charts Company: Beyoncé". Official Charts Company. Retrieved April 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "PROMUSICAE: Conciones Top 20 Anual 2007" (PDF) (in Spanish). PROMUSICAE. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2013. Retrieved 2014-11-13.
Jump up ^ "Hitlisten.nu: Album Top-40 (Uge 05-2009)". Tracklisten. Hitlisten.nu. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Hitlisten.nu: Album Top-40 (Uge 04-2010)". Tracklisten. Hitlisten.nu. Retrieved June 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Schroats, Stephen (August 1, 2017). "Beyoncé considers investing in a rising NBA team, report says". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Retrieved August 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Rod Stewart (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Richardson, Andy (April 16, 2017). "Rod Stewart speaks exclusively ahead of Shrewsbury show". Shropshire Star. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Fleetwood Mac (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Official New Zealand Music Charts: 29 June 2003". Recording Industry Association of New Zealand. June 29, 2003. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Official New Zealand Music Charts: 16 September 2013". Recording Industry Association of New Zealand. September 16, 2013. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Urban, Kelly (August 16, 2017). "Fleetwood Mac tribute band TUSK to rock Arcadia". The Tribune-Democrat. Retrieved August 16, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Guns N' Roses (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved December 15, 2011.
Jump up ^ P. Mayor, Jeffrey (April 1, 2016). "Guns N’ Roses announces August concert in Seattle". The News Tribune. Retrieved June 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: George Strait (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved June 8, 2014.
Jump up ^ Hammontree, John (July 18, 2016). "Who won the Ultimate Southern Music Bracket?". The Birmingham News. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Backstreet Boys (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ 年度別ミリオンセラー一覧　2001年 [2001 Million Seller List] (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Archived from the original on November 3, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Remling, Amanda (April 30, 2012). "Backstreet?s Back: Kevin Re-Joins The Backstreet Boys Permanently, Eighth Album In The Future". International Business Times. Retrieved January 21, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Neil Diamond (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Martin, Michael (March 24, 2016). "Heider show will mine Neil Diamond hits". La Crosse Tribune. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Prince (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Fong, Michelle (April 21, 2016). "Prince’s memorable performances in Dayton". Dayton Daily News. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Paul McCartney (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "IFPI Sweden: Certifications for 1987–1998" (PDF). IFPI Sweden. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 16, 2011. Retrieved April 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Certificeringer (page 75)". IFPI Denmark. Retrieved August 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Strauss, Chirs (December 17, 2013). "Paul McCartney wanted a free Brooklyn Nets T-shirt more than anything". USA Today. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Vinopal & Erlewine, David & Stephen. "Allmusic: Kenny Rogers (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: Digital Certifications (June 2009)" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Archived from the original on September 15, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2004 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2015 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ Valcourt, Keith (December 14, 2015). "Kenny Rogers: ‘Christmas Once Again’". The Washington Times. Retrieved December 24, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Janet Jackson (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Lindquist, David (May 2, 2017). "Janet Jackson will make good on postponed Indy date". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Julio Iglesias (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Julio Iglesias 30th Anniversary. Billboard. May 27, 2000. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ Report, Staff (March 6, 2016). "Julio Iglesias to perform in Sharjah". Gulf News. Retrieved March 17, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Chicago (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: Digital downloads: February 2014" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Flans, Robyn (April 5, 2016). "Newbury Park drummer will rejoin Chicago for one big night". Ventura County Star. Retrieved July 25, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Carpenters (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "RIAJ: Gold and Platinum database (June 2009)". Recording Industry Association of Japan. Archived from the original on September 15, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Nice, Bill (July 28, 2016). "Sugar High Theatricals presents ‘An Evening with The Carpenters’". The Register-Mail. Retrieved November 28, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Bob Dylan (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Is Bob Dylan’s painting taken from a photo of Blackpool’s North Pier?". Blackpool Gazette. January 19, 2017. Retrieved July 28, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Dire Straits (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Greaves, Amanda (March 11, 2016). "Dire Straits tribute turns back the clock". The Ilkley Gazette. Retrieved September 13, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Bryan Adams (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Australian certifications for Bryan Adams" (PDF). ARIA. Retrieved June 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ Szaroleta, Tom (September 5, 2017). "Saturday’s Bryan Adams concert postponed by Irma". The Florida Times-Union. Retrieved September 5, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Def Leppard (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Report Issue #850" (PDF). ARIA. June 19, 2006. Retrieved February 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ Mulson, Jen (May 24, 2017). "Trifecta of rock — Def Leppard, Poison, Tesla — to play Colorado Springs". The Gazette of Colorado Springs. Retrieved May 28, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Eder, Bruce. "Allmusic: Cher (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Cher's Australia's certifications sent by ARIA team". ARIA. Retrieved February 26, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Billboard magazine: Believe in the Album (Issue January 22, 2000 page 2)". Billboard. January 22, 2000. Retrieved November 17, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Official IFPI email – Greatest Hits 1999 certification". IFPI Denmark. Retrieved November 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Scapolo, Dean (2007). The Complete New Zealand Music Charts 1966–2006" (PDF). RIANZ. Retrieved April 7, 2014.
Jump up ^ Chareunsy, Don (October 18, 2016). "Fabulous and incomparable Cher to headline at The Park Theater at Monte Carlo". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Lionel Richie (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Catalogue Albums Chart (05/05/2014)". Australian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on September 7, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Gibson, Travis (July 20, 2017). "‘All the hits ... all night long!’: Lionel Richie kicks off Mid-State Fair". The Tribune of San Luis Obispo. Retrieved July 20, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Eder, Bruce. "Allmusic: Genesis (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Book excerpt: Phil Collins' "Not Dead Yet"". CBS News. October 22, 2016. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: James Taylor (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved November 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Patinkin, Mark (July 5, 2017). "James Taylor’s quiet perseverance is pitch perfect". The Providence Journal. Retrieved July 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Olivia Newton-John (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Newton-John’s new battle with cancer 25 years after initial diagnosis". The Australian. June 1, 2017. Retrieved June 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Stevie Wonder (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Kinney, Michael (November 12, 2015). "Never-ending wonder: Stevie Wonder confirms suspicions that he’s still amazing". The Norman Transcript. Retrieved November 12, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Bush, John. "Allmusic: Tina Turner (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Ben, Cosgrove (November 10, 2014). "Tina Turner: Unpublished Photos of the Queen of Rock ‘n’ Roll". Time. Retrieved May 9, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Linda Ronstadt (Overview)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Millican, Jim (November 23, 2013). "Rock 'n' roll memories". Winnipeg Free Press. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Donna Summer (Overview)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Graff, Gary (July 23, 2008). "Disco Queen Donna Summer re-Embraces the Spotlight". Reading Eagle. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Bush, John. "Allmusic: The Beach Boys (Overview)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Tierney, Chris (February 6, 2016). "Remember when - The Beach Boys played Cawley Stadium". The Sun of Lowell. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: David Bowie (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved January 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gill, Andy (January 2, 2016). "Rebel, rebel: We profile singing legend David Bowie". Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved January 11, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Eder & Erlewine, Bruce & Stephen. "Allmusic: The Who (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Huba, Nicholas (March 21, 2017). "The Who to play Boardwalk Hall July 22". The Press of Atlantic City. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hogen, Ed. "Allmusic: Barry White (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 26, 2013.
Jump up ^ Connor, Tracy (September 11, 2015). "Barry White dies at 58 while waiting for kidney transplant in 2003". New York Daily News. Retrieved October 26, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Erlewine, Stephen. "Allmusic: Shania Twain (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 28, 2013.
Jump up ^ Lesnick, Gavin (August 17, 2017). "Shania Twain sets North Little Rock concert". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Retrieved August 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Leahey, Andrew. "Allmusic: Coldplay (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Alpad, Christina (April 3, 2017). "The ‘adventure of a lifetime’ for Coldplay fans". The Manila Times. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Ruhlmann, William. "Allmusic: Santana (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved August 28, 2013.
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^ Jump up to: a b c Huey, Steve. "Allmusic: Earth, Wind & Fire (Biography)". AllMusic. Retrieved October 3, 2014.
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