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San Jose del Monte
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Component City in Central Luzon (Region III), Philippines
San Jose del Monte
Component City
City of San Jose del Monte
Lungsod ng San Jose del Monte
(From top, left to right : Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto Shrine • San Lorenzo Ruiz Church • SM City SJDM • Ayala Altaraza • Mount Balagbag • Quirino Highway)

Seal
Nickname(s): SJDM
The Rising City
Motto(s): Arya San Joseño!

Map of Bulacan showing the location of San Jose del Monte
San Jose del Monte
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°48′50″N 121°02′43″E / 14.8139°N 121.0453°E / 14.8139; 121.0453Coordinates: 14°48′50″N 121°02′43″E / 14.8139°N 121.0453°E / 14.8139; 121.0453
Country
Philippines
Region
Central Luzon (Region III)
Province
Bulacan
Congressional district
Lone District of San Jose del Monte
Founded
March 2, 1752
Cityhood
September 10, 2000
Lone congressional district
December 18, 2003
Barangays
59
Government[2]
• Mayor
Arthur Robes
• Vice Mayor
Efren Bartolome Jr.
• Congresswoman
Florida Robes [1]
Area[3]
• Total
105.53 km2 (40.75 sq mi)
Elevation
100 m (300 ft)
Highest elevation
784 m (2,572 ft)
Population (2015 census)[4]
• Total
574,089
• Density
5,400/km2 (14,000/sq mi)
Demonym(s)
San Joseños
Time zone
PST (UTC+8)
ZIP code
3023, 3024
IDD : area code
+63 (0)44
Economy [5]
1st Class
• Revenue (2017)
PHP 1.657 billion
(30%)
• Expenses (2017)
PHP 1.107 billion
(14%)
• Total Assets (2017)
PHP 2.775 billion
(32%)
Electricity
Manila Electric Company
• Consumption
110.24 million kWh (2003)
Website
www.csjdm.gov.ph
San Jose del Monte, officially the City of San Jose del Monte (Filipino: Lungsod ng San Jose Del Monte) is a component city in the province of Bulacan in Central Luzon, Philippines.[6] Located in the south-east of the province, it is bordered by the cities of Caloocan and Quezon of Metro Manila in the south, by the town of Rodriguez, Rizal in the east, the towns of Santa Maria and Marilao in the west and Norzagaray in the north. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 574,089 people,[4] making it the largest local government unit within the province of Bulacan and the 18th most populated city in the Philippines.
The city is home to some of the biggest resettlement areas in the Philippines like the Sapang Palay resettlement area spread over 36 Barangays, Pabahay 2000 in Barangay Muzon and Towerville in Barangay Minuyan Proper. Most of the city's population come from former informal settlers along the creeks, esteros, riverbanks and railway tracks of Metro Manila.[7]
Contents
1 History
2 Barangays
3 Geography
3.1 General land use
4 Demographics
5 Economy
5.1 Agriculture
5.2 Livestock and poultry
5.3 Trade and commerce
5.4 Income
6 City government
6.1 Current city officials (2016–2019)
6.2 List of former municipal and city mayors
7 Tourism
8 Churches
8.1 San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila Parish Church
8.2 Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto Shrine
9 Infrastructure
9.1 Transportation
9.2 Water
9.3 Power
9.4 Telecommunications/communications
10 Social services
10.1 Health
10.2 Education
10.3 Social welfare
10.4 Recreational facilities
10.5 Protective services
11 References
12 External links
History[edit]
In March 1750, a decree from the Archbishop of Manila on the creation of new municipalities was announced in Lagulo Church in Meycauayan. The decree included the list of families who volunteered to be relocated. Where previously the only occupants were Itas and Dumagats, San Jose del Monte (SJDM) became a municipality as a result of reduccion from Meycauayan. These families brought with them rice, wine, nganga and salt from Lagulo (now Malhacan) in exchange for the wild pigs, deer, yantok and almasigan of the Itas and Dumagats. Solares, including intended lots for main roads, were peacefully distributed to the new occupants after being measured and surveyed.[8]
Early accounts on the founding of this town, as gathered from the old people, yielded information that it was formerly a part of the town of Meycauayan. The town reportedly got its name from Saint Joseph whose statue was found in a veritable forest; the hunters called it San Jose Del Monte. In all probability, the hunters reported their find to the parish priest of Meycauayan. It was said that the priest built a stone church at the site where the town proper is now located. The statue was installed in the new church. Extant Catholic Church records reveal that the first parish priest was Father Antonio de Moral. He took charge of the parish in 1845. The first town inhabitants came from Meycauayan.
The municipality of SJDM was founded on March 2, 1752. The population, not exceeding 200 people, belonged to the family of farmers and stonecutters of Libtong and Meycauayan. They lived a simple lifestyle and raised fish, root crops, vegetables, fruits and other natural products.[8]
During the revolt against Spain, the town became a battleground between the Katipuneros and the Spain forces. The revolutionaries lost and the vengeful Spanish soldiers burned down the settlement. The town people fled for their lives to nearby towns. At the advent of the American rule, it was made a part of Sta. Maria until 1918 when the town was created and Ciriaco Gallardo was appointed the first municipal president. Public schools were opened at the start of the American regime but due to the scarcity of the population, the highest grade organized was the fourth grade.
During the Japanese occupation, the town became an ideal hiding place of the local recognized guerrillas because of the town's hilly and wooden terrain. The Japanese Imperial Army took over the local government of San Jose del Monte from 1942-1943. In resistance, the municipality formed its own guerrilla unit. SJDM experienced many casualties when the Americans bombed the Poblacion on January 11, 1945 and again on January 14, 1945. The Municipal Building was burned by dissidents on October 10, 1950. When the combined Filipino and American troops were came, peace reigned but not for long. At the height of the Huk activity, the town was raided on October 10, 1950. The Huks burned down the town hall. The town was raided for the second time on March 21, 1951. The Huks did not succeed because of the precautionary measures instituted by the town officials. The Huks were gradually eliminated until the town became peaceful and progressive as we find it today.
On September 10, 2000, SJDM was proclaimed as a Component City under Republic Act No. 8797. It is said to be the largest town in the whole province of Bulacan in terms of land area and population. Also known as the “Balcony of the Metropolis”, it is the first City in the province of Bulacan and recorded as the 86th chartered city of the Philippines. On December 18, 2003, the City of San Jose became the 1st Lone Congressional District in Bulacan.[8]
It now basks in its glory for having wrested the "Guinness World Record for Largest Lantern Parade" during the 2nd Tanglawan Festival.
On July 27, 2018 the city of San Jose del Monte was awarded as a 2nd Placer at Gawad Kalasag 2018 City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management under Independent Component City Category.
Barangays[edit]
San Jose del Monte is divided into two districts for representation purposes. It is politically subdivided into 59 barangays of which 23 barangays comprise the first district while 36 compose the second district.
No.
Barangay
District
Postal code
Population
01-May-00
Population
2012
Population
growth rate
1 Ciudad Real 1st 3023 1,935 3,070 -7.08%
2 Dulong Bayan 1st 3023 5,440 8,774 34.71%
3 Francisco Homes-Guijo 1st 3023 5,242 5,635 2.71%
4 Francisco Homes-Mulawin 1st 3023 9,263 11,888 15.27%
5 Francisco Homes-Narra 1st 3023 5,425 7,269 36.02%
6 Francisco Homes-Yakal 1st 3023 2,875 3,903 15.79%
7 Gaya-Gaya (dao) 1st 3023 7,148 18,737 38.51%
8 Graceville 1st 3023 22,671 44,514 44.10%
9 Gumaoc - Central 1st 3023 2,704 3,484 26.11%
10 Gumaoc - East 1st 3023 3,854 5,237 36.53%
11 Gumaoc - West 1st 3023 5,288 8,785 35.89%
12 Kaybanban 1st 3023 1,643 2,970 47.05%
13 Kaypian 1st 3023 18,530 30,105 41.98%
14 Maharlika 1st 3023 2,793 3,210 11.71%
15 Muzon 1st 3023 47,010 103,000 76.24%
16 Paradise III 1st 3023 2,186 3,907 47.35%
17 Poblacion 1st 3023 1,886 2,360 15.22%
18 Poblacion I 1st 3023 2,882 4,117 38.03%
19 San Isidro 1st 3023 1,811 3,367 27.06%
20 San Manuel 1st 3023 8,107 14,122 27.82%
21 San Roque 1st 3023 1,000 1,711 31.90%
22 Sto. Cristo 1st 3023 17,840 33,400 43.88%
23 Tungkong Mangga 1st 3023 6,097 19,491 34.64%
24 Minuyan I 2nd 3024 3,079 3,807 10.72%
25 Minuyan II 2nd 3024 4,532 6,146 4.72%
26 Minuyan III 2nd 3024 2,327 3,328 18.22%
27 Minuyan IV 2nd 3024 3,492 4,722 24.03%
28 Minuyan V 2nd 3024 2,535 2,724 9.75%
29 Bagong Buhay I 2nd 3024 5,621 6,888 20.44%
30 Bagong Buhay II 2nd 3024 3,521 5,910 19.31%
31 Bagong Buhay III 2nd 3024 3,903 4,757 19.83%
32 San Martin I 2nd 3024 3,207 4,049 25.54%
33 San Martin II 2nd 3024 2,771 3,419 19.31%
34 San Martin III 2nd 3024 2,609 3,382 13.91%
35 San Martin IV 2nd 3024 2,939 3,894 28.10%
36 Sta. Cruz I 2nd 3024 2,997 2,414 7.5%
37 Sta. Cruz II 2nd 3024 2,798 3,744 10.51%
38 Sta. Cruz III 2nd 3024 2,058 2,432 19.68%
39 Sta. Cruz IV 2nd 3024 2,623 2,706 23.83%
40 Sta. Cruz V 2nd 3024 3,128 4,143 16.78%
41 Fatima I 2nd 3024 2,850 3,034 9.75%
42 Fatima II 2nd 3024 1,785 2,116 11.82%
43 Fatima III 2nd 3024 1,461 1,861 23.20%
44 Fatima IV 2nd 3024 1,837 2,294 16.93%
45 Fatima V 2nd 3024 2,029 2,937 33.91%
46 San Pedro 2nd 3024 12,096 14,833 13%
47 Citrus 2nd 3024 13,066 23,970 45.75%
48 San Rafael I 2nd 3024 6,080 9,413 28.39%
49 San Rafael II 2nd 3024 3,457 3,699 -1.91%
50 San Rafael III 2nd 3024 3,112 3,248 -5.49%
51 San Rafael IV 2nd 3024 5,308 6,695 2.60%
52 San Rafael V 2nd 3024 2,544 3,091 9.87%
53 Assumption 2nd 3024 3,424 4,560 14.75%
54 Lawang Pare 2nd 3024 3,264 4,284 28.16%
55 Sto. Niño I 2nd 3024 2,363 3,068 -1.02%
56 Sto. Niño II 2nd 3024 2807 3,478 3.06%
57 St. Martin de Porres 2nd 3024 2,050 2,775 25.46%
58 Sapang Palay Proper 2nd 3024 3,576 5,538 24.89%
59 Minuyan Proper 2nd 3024 4,928 26,300 344.64%
60 Sitio Puge puge 2nd 3024 3 6 0.0001%
Of the 3,102 barangays in Region III, the largest in terms of population size is Muzon in the City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan with 106,603 persons.[4]
Geography[edit]
The elevation of the city ranges from approximately 40–900 meters above sea level; the relief transitions from warm lowland to cool upland as one goes eastward. This is because the city is part of the Sierra Madre mountain range. Plains and river valley flats characterize the western and southwestern quadrant. The central portion and much of its eastern section is made up of undulating hills with low relief. High relief areas moderate slopes best describe its extreme eastern and northwestern quadrant. Slopes of 3%-8% are extensively found in the city, particularly on the western half. Slopes of 30%-50% comprise the smallest portion of the total land area.
The rivers and creeks that flow in San Jose del Monte are direct tributaries of Angat River, which flows from the Angat Reservoir. Major natural waterways of San Jose del Monte are the Kipungok, Sto. Cristo and Sta. Maria river systems. Kipungok River separates San Jose del Monte from Caloocan City and Quezon City. It is directly connected to Marilao River, which flows downwards to Manila bay. Draining to these rivers are creeks and streams, which act as catchment areas for the surface water runoff of the city. Among these are the Bigte, Kantulot, Katinga and Salamin creeks.[9]
General land use[edit]
Growing commercial, residential, and light industrial areas, are found all over the city at major road intersections and along major thoroughfares. However, the bulk of the San Jose del Monte’s built-up areas are mostly west of Quirino Highway at the primary level to gently sloping 8% terrain. Most of the city’s schools, government institutions, commercial developments, industries, and other urban amenities are in this section. The largest contiguous built-up area is at Sapang Palay Resettlement Project area, followed by the conurbation in Tungkong Mangga and Muzon.
A high-density commercial strips that follows the Quirino Highway (yellow line) divides the city into heavily built-up western section and the largely agricultural eastern section. The pattern can be seen in the land cover map.
The developments east of Quirino Highway are mostly scattered residential areas and agricultural lands. However, there are a few subdivisions that are some distance away from Ciudad Real and take advantage of its secluded and rural atmosphere. These are the Blessed Sacrament Seminary and an Augustinian convent.
The clusters of built-up land uses throughout the city are dominated by residential uses such as those associated with gated communities, socialized housing, and row houses. These clusters, with the built-up areas along primary and secondary transport corridors, produce an overall pattern of sprawl.
In between the built-up clusters are pockets of agricultural lands, which are continuously converted into built-up uses. Planted in these lands are crops such as rice and corn. The clustering pattern for both built-up and agricultural uses is partly due to the decisions made by settlers with regard to the hilly conditions that dominate the topography. Most of households in the western half of San Jose del Monte opted to convert their lands to residential uses while other maintained the farms. This left upland uses, such as those pertaining to forest use, more common towards the easternmost zones.
Most vegetative outgrowths are in difficult to build areas. But there are instances when these outgrowths are integrated in the built-up areas, usually found in the west: a number heavily vegetated areas. Supplementing these are mini forest projects of the city government. The City Agriculture Office maintains a 1.65-hectare Mini Forest Project in Barangay Muzon along the San Jose del Monte-Marilao Provincial Road and a mahogany planting site.[10]
Demographics[edit]
Population census of
San Jose del Monte
Year
Pop.
±% p.a.
1903
1,378 —
1918
3,141 +5.65%
1939
5,826 +2.99%
1948
5,363 −0.92%
1960
9,329 +4.72%
1970
18,704 +7.19%
1975
59,021 +25.92%
1980
90,732 +8.98%
1990
142,047 +4.59%
1995
201,394 +6.76%
2000
315,807 +10.12%
2007
439,090 +4.65%
2010
454,553 +1.27%
2015
574,089 +4.55%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[4][11][12][13]
In the 2015 census, the population of San Jose del Monte was 574,089 people,[4] with a density of 5,400 inhabitants per square kilometre or 14,000 inhabitants per square mile. This makes it the largest local government unit in Bulacan province. It is also the largest city in Central Luzon (Region III).[14]
With the coming of settlers to San Jose Del Monte, its population increased tremendously. Its population increased dramatically since the 1950s as the population tended to move from rural areas to towns and cities. Its proximity to Manila allowed it to accommodate its spill over population. This is further hastened by the development of nearby Quezon City and the accompanying increase in population and infrastructure.
Forced relocation of informal settlers and the lure of government to provide them their own homes allowed the town to continue to grow despite the lack of government facilities then. As such, San Jose del Monte exhibited an increasing percentage share to the provincial population from as low as 2% in 1960 to 9% in 1990 and then to 17% in 2015. The town surpassed the population of Meycauayan in 1980 census and Malolos in the 1990 census, then the largest towns of Bulacan. By 2015, it has more than two times the population of the now second place Santa Maria town (256,454 people in the 2015 Census).
If current population growth holds (2010-2015, +4.55%), the population of San Jose del Monte is expected to double and breach one million by the 2030 Census.
Economy[edit]
Poblacion public market
Agriculture[edit]
Major agricultural crops are leafy vegetables, root crops (cassava as its OTOP), pineapple, mango and coffee beans.
Livestock and poultry[edit]
The major income earner is large- and small-scale swine production. There are 60 commercial livestock and poultry farms in the city. The major poultry producers are RFM, Vitarich and FELDAN.
A modern "Double AA" slaughterhouse started its operation in Pakulis, Bgy. Poblacion.[clarification needed]
Trade and commerce[edit]
The city has three major business district growth areas: Tungkong Mangga, Muzon and Sapang Palay (Sampol). They are in wholesale and retail trade.
The minor business districts include Towerville in Minuyan Proper, Palmera in Kaypian, Northgate in Sto. Cristo, Citrus, Poblacion I, Grotto in Graceville, Francisco Homes, Gumaoc and San Rafael III.
Commercial and thrift banks, pawnshops and cooperatives provide financial services. Two major malls are in town: Starmall San Jose del Monte in Palmera and SM City San Jose del Monte in Tungkong Mangga.
Income[edit]
The city has experienced increased revenues in the past few years. The P607,782,085.98 gross income surpassing the gross income of Meycauayan City and Malolos City (capital) reported by the city treasury office and Commission on Audit for the 2008 fiscal year represented an increase of 15.96% from the 524,135,505.09 total in 2007.
The income in 2008 was comparable to the major cities and municipalities in Bulacan, such as Meycauayan, Malolos, Baliuag, Santa Maria and Marilao.
City government[edit]
City hall
Like other cities in the Philippines, San Jose del Monte is governed by a mayor and vice mayor elected to three-year terms. The mayor is the executive head and leads the city's departments in executing the city ordinances and improving public services. The vice mayor heads a legislative council consisting of 12 members 6 from District I and 6 from District II. The council is in charge of creating the city's policies.
San Jose del Monte, being a part of the Bulacan province, has its mayor in the city council headed the Area Integrated Development Authority (AIDA), AIDA is a special committee created during the term of then Mayor Eduardo V. Roquero, M.D. through an executive order to concentrate on the improvement of 3 highly commercialized areas such as, Tungkong Mangga, Muzon, and Sampol areas.[clarification needed]. This council formulates development plans that seeks to solve the problems and improve the conditions in the metropolis.
The city is divided into 59 barangays, which handle governance in a much smaller area. These barangays are grouped into two districts and the city has Lone District[clarification needed], which is represented by a congressman in the country's House of Representatives.
The city aims to continuously provide its constituents with basic services such as social services, health services, economic services, environmental protection, tourism, peace and order, infrastructure and human resources development.
Current city officials (2016–2019)[edit]
Position
Name
Party
Mayor Arthur B. Robes Liberal Party / Arangkada San Joseño
Vice Mayor Efren Bartolome Liberal Party / Arangkada San Joseño
Representative Florida P. Robes Arangkada San Joseño
1st District
Councilors Richie Robes National Unity Party
Ryan Santos National Unity Party
Joey Abela Liberal Party / Arangkada San Joseño
Liezl Aguirre Abat National Unity Party
Glenn M. Villano National Unity Party
Noli D. Concepcion Liberal Party / Arangkada San Joseño
2nd District
Councilors Irene B. Del Rosario National Unity Party
Enrique "Jon Jon" A. Delos Santos, Jr. National Unity Party
Argel Joseph V. Drio National Unity Party
Eumir B. Samera National Unity Party
Reynaldo H. Policarpio National Unity Party
Ryan Elfa Liberal Party / Arangkada San Joseño
Ex-Officio Members
ABC President Noel B. Sagala1 (Barangay Sto. Cristo)
SK President Re-ann Mae Mendoza (Barangay Assumption)
^1 He replaced the former ABC President, Reynaldo Policarpio, who won as City Councilor of District II on July 1, 2013.
List of former municipal and city mayors[edit]
Main article: List of Mayors of City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan
Municipal Mayors
Term
Eduardo V. Roquero, M.D. 1988 - 1992
Reynaldo P. Villano 1992 - 1995
Eduardo V. Roquero, M.D. 1995 - 2000
City Mayors
Term
Eduardo V. Roquero, M.D. 2000 – 2004
Angelito M. Sarmiento 2004 – 2007
Eduardo V. Roquero, M.D.[15] 2007 – 2009
Reynaldo S. San Pedro (Acting) 2009
Angelito M. Sarmiento[16][17] 2009 – 2010
Reynaldo S. San Pedro 2010 – 2016
Arthur B. Robes 2016 – Present
Tourism[edit]
San Jose del Monte is part of and promotes "There is more fun in the Philippines" campaign Department of Tourism (Philippines).
Mount Balagbag.
Mount Balagbag and Kaytitinga Falls in Barangay San Isidro are the main tourist attractions in the city. A portion of the Angat Watershed Forest Reserve also extends to San Jose del Monte.
VS Orchids Farm (Sto. Cristo) is the biggest orchids nursery and ornamental plants farm in Bulacan (owned by Ms. Rolita Spowart, 3 Manila Seedling Bank Foundation, Quezon City)[18] Hundreds of orchids species are nurtured in this 1.8 hectares flora haven.[18]
There are a variety of resorts where people can choose from if they are after a quick escape from the busy streets of Metro Manila.
Churches[edit]
St. Joseph the Worker Parish Church[19]
Parokya ni San Pedro Apostol Church
Sacred Heart of Jesus Parish Church
San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila Parish
Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto Shrine
Madre Alessadra House of Prayer
Santo Rosario Sapang Palay Parish Church
San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila Parish Church[edit]
San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila Parish Church (Pleasant Hills, Barangay San Manuel)
From 1986-2000, the Pleasant Hill community has been a sub-parish of St. Peter Parish, Tungkong Mangga under Rev. Fr. Manuel M. Manicad as the Parish Priest. On July 3, 2000, Rev. Fr. Mario Jose C. Ladra was appointed parish priest. On January 2004, some parish leaders and staff together with Fr. Mar prepared documents for the change of status of the parish from a quasi– parish to a full-fledged parish. Bishop Jose F. Oliveros, DD, Apostolic Administrator,Diocese of Malolos approved the request on January 27, 2004, Tuesday, the day when St. Joseph Healing Masses are held in honor of the parish’s Second Patron Saint. Immediately afterwards, the Canonical Establishment and Solemn Proclamation of the Parish of San Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila was set on March 14, 2004. Rev. Fr. Mario Jose C. Ladra was likewise installed as its First Parish Priest.[20]
Our Lady of Lourdes Grotto Shrine[edit]
Lourdes Church (Graceville)
The six hectares Lourdes Shrine Complex[19] (Church and the Grotto of the Blessed Virgin Mary) with the 'Miracle Spring' is a popular Holy Week destination for Catholic devotees. Inaugurated on February 11, 1965, owner Anita Guidote-Guanzon decided to build the Grotto for she was cured of cancer upon her return from a pilgrimage to Lourdes, France, in 1961. The Grotto also features a Calvary Hill with life-size statues that depict the 14 Stations of the Cross, and a Rosary Hill with 155 giant concrete beads. The complex is now run by Marietta Guidote-Guanzon Picache vda. de Holmgren, Anita’s eldest child, after the matriarch died on March 31, 1990.It is an exact replica of the Lourdes Grotto in France[21][22][23][24][25]
Infrastructure[edit]
Transportation[edit]
The city is serviced by bus routes going to and from, among others, Sapang Palay, Baclaran district in Parañaque, Muntinlupa (Alabang), Taguig (FTI), Makati, Quiapo and Sta. Cruz districts in Manila, Novaliches district in Quezon City and the Ninoy Aquino International Airport or NAIA. Jeepney routes also ply the roads between the city and neighboring cities and towns in Metro Manila and Bulacan province.
Quirino Highway
San Jose del Monte's road network has a total length of 211.43 km. (not including the Bulacan-Rizal-Cavite Regional Expressway/BRMCREx). The following are the main arteries of San Jose del Monte's road network which link the 59 barangays with Metro Manila and the rest of Bulacan.
Quirino Highway is a vital national road which stretches from the town of Norzagaray to North Caloocan City and the rest of Quezon City.
Bocaue - San Jose Road, also called Gov. Fortunato Halili Avenue, is a vital provincial road which links the city passing through Tungkong Mangga (Tungko) via Muzon to the town of Sta. Maria, Bocaue and to the North Luzon Expressway.
Sapang Palay Road - Sta. Maria Road links the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project to town of Sta. Maria passing through Brgy. Bulac, Brgy. Catmon & Brgy. Patag in the said town.
San Jose - Marilao Road links the city with the municipality of Marilao and to the North Luzon Expressway. This is now a permanent full exit.
Sapang Palay Road links the Sapang Palay Resettlement Project to Quirino Highway and in the opposite end to Sapang Palay Proper.
Igay Road links the upper barangay to Quirino Highway and Rodriguez, Rizal (formerly town of Montalban, Rizal).
Bulacan-Rizal-Manila-Cavite Regional Expressway is under construction. It can go to Rizal, Metro Manila, and Cavite.
Water[edit]
The bulk of the city's water requirement is being served by the City Water District, while some subdivisions have their own independent water supply system.
Power[edit]
Power distribution is being undertaken by the Manila Electric Company (Meralco). The city hosts the biggest National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) sub-station in the country in Barangay Dulong Bayan.
Telecommunications/communications[edit]
Landline telephone systems are provided by the Digitel, PLDT, BayanTel and Globelines.
Internet service is available through SmartBro, Digitel, PLDT myDSL and Globe Broadband.
Mobile telephone services are provided by Smart Communications, Globe Telecom and Sun Cellular.
Social services[edit]
Health[edit]
The Ospital ng Lungsod ng San Jose del Monte, a public hospital, is managed and operated by the city government, with subsidy from the provincial government. Five rural health units and sub-centers service the immediate health care needs of the community.
Programs addressed by city health officials include campaign drives against dengue, rabies, malnutrition, and smoking in public. There is a drive for regular garbage collection[clarification needed].
Education[edit]
There are 43 public schools offering elementary, secondary and 2 public college offering tertiary education.
The city has now its own school division in compliance with R.A. 8797.
Bulacan State University operates a branch in San Jose del Monte. The city has a polytechnic college (Bulacan Polytechnic College, commonly known as BPC),located in Barangay Graceville. The city is also home to Sto. Rosario Sapang Palay College, a Catholic School located in Sapang Palay, Siena College of San Jose in Graceville, First City Providential College in Francisco Homes, and La Concepcion College in Kaypian.
Social welfare[edit]
The city complies with R.A. 6972, requiring every barangay to have a daycare center; 71 daycare centers are operating in the city.
Aside from the social welfare service accessible through the local government, non-government organizations provide social services to the socially, economically and physically disadvantage sectors in the city.
Recreational facilities[edit]
Covered courts
The newest addition to the city's sport facility is a covered court with a seating capacity of 2,500. Commonly used for the City Government's Monday Program as well as the other activities, such as conventions, seminars and concerts.
The Cattle Creek Golf and Country Club is a favorite hub among retirees and business executives.
Protective services[edit]
The 65-man police force of San Jose del Monte is reinforced by other law enforcement groups such as the Bantay Bayan and local Barangay officials. The city Police Station maintains eight Kabayan Action Centers manned by officers acting as supervisors providing bond between police and community.
The fire station has five fire trucks to serve the city and other neighboring towns.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ ""Congw.Florida Robes". Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine House of Representatives Official Website. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official City/Municipal 2013 Election Results". Intramuros, Manila, Philippines: Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 11 September 2013. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "Province: BULACAN". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved 10 October 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Census of Population (2015). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. PSA. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Commission on Audit 2017 Report-CSJDM". Quezon City, Philippines: Commission on Audit (COA). Retrieved 2 July 2018.
Jump up ^ NSCB - ActiveStats - PSGC Interactive - CITY: CITY OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE
Jump up ^ Dino Balabo (August 8, 2013). "San Jose del Monte declares moratorium on relocation projects". The Philippine Star. Retrieved October 13, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c "History of San Jose Del Monte". City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines. Retrieved 30 June 2017. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
Jump up ^ "San Jose del Monte City Government (Geography)". San Jose del Monte City. Archived from the original on 2016-10-22.
Jump up ^ "San Jose del Monte City Government (Land Use)". San Jose del Monte City. Archived from the original on 2016-10-22.
Jump up ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. NSO. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. NSO.
Jump up ^ "Province of Bulacan". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Population of Region III - Central Luzon (Based on the 2015 Census of Population)". Philippine Statistics Authority. June 1, 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Died during incumbency on August 24, 2009.
Jump up ^ The Philippine Star, "Bulacan mayor unseated"
Jump up ^ "Sarmiento is new mayor in Bulacan town" Archived 2011-08-26 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.csjdm.gov.ph/tourism-attractions.html
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.csjdm.gov.ph/tourism-religious.html
Jump up ^ http://sanlorenzoruizparish.webs.com/
Jump up ^ http://mb.com.ph/node/356579/demy#.UIKU-mEthD0
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2012-10-21.
Jump up ^ http://www.bulacan.gov.ph/tourism/touristspot.php?id=24
Jump up ^ http://www.bulacan.gov.ph/sjdm/index.php
Jump up ^ http://www.csjdm.gov.ph/
External links[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for San Jose del Monte.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to San Jose del Monte.
San Jose del Monte City Bulacan
Official Website City of San Jose del Monte
Official Website Province of Bulacan
MRT-7 Project / San Jose del Monte Intermodal Station
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Manila 1 Quezon City National Capital Region 2,936,116 11 Parañaque National Capital Region 665,822
Davao City

Caloocan
2 Manila National Capital Region 1,780,148 12 Dasmariñas Calabarzon 659,019
3 Davao City Davao Region 1,632,991 13 Valenzuela National Capital Region 620,422
4 Caloocan National Capital Region 1,583,978 14 Bacoor Calabarzon 600,609
5 Cebu City Central Visayas 922,611 15 General Santos Soccsksargen 594,446
6 Zamboanga City Zamboanga Peninsula 861,799 16 Las Piñas National Capital Region 588,894
7 Taguig National Capital Region 804,915 17 Makati National Capital Region 582,602
8 Antipolo Calabarzon 776,386 18 San Jose del Monte Central Luzon 574,089
9 Pasig National Capital Region 755,300 19 Bacolod Western Visayas 561,875
10 Cagayan de Oro Northern Mindanao 675,950 20 Muntinlupa National Capital Region 504,509
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West Gate Bridge
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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A single column of the Westgate Bridge during construction. (date unknown)
The West Gate Bridge is a steel box girder cable-stayed bridge in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It spans the Yarra River, just north of its mouth into Port Phillip, and is a vital link between the inner city (CBD) and Melbourne's western suburbs; with the industrial suburbs in the west and with the city of Geelong, 80 kilometres (50 mi) to the south-west. It is one of the busiest road corridors in Australia.
The main river span is 336 metres (1,102 ft) in length, and the height above the water is 58 metres. The total length of the bridge is 2,582.6 metres (8,473.1 ft). It is the third longest in Australia behind the 3.2 kilometre Macleay River Bridge and the Houghton Highway along with its twin the Ted Smout Memorial Bridge, and is twice as long as the Sydney Harbour Bridge. It is one of the highest bridges in Australia, most notably trailing the more iconic Sydney Harbour Bridge.
The bridge passes over Westgate Park, a large environmental and recreational reserve created during the bridge's construction. The bridge carries up to 200,000 vehicles per day.
Contents
[hide]
1 Transportation
1.1 Motor vehicles
1.2 Cycling and the Westgate
1.3 Collapse
1.4 Cause
1.5 Collapse memorials
1.6 Completion
1.7 West Gate Bridge Flag
1.8 Expansion
2 Future
3 Suicide location
4 2009 Darcey Freeman incident
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Transportation[edit]
Motor vehicles[edit]
The West Gate Bridge carries five lanes of motor vehicle traffic in each direction, therefore a 10 lane dual-carriageway freeway bridge.
The freeway corridor (including the bridge itself) carries a very high volume and occupancy of traffic, between 180,000 - 200,000 cars / trucks / motorcycles use it per day, according to VicRoads. This makes the West Gate Bridge and West Gate Freeway one of the busiest road corridors in Australia.
However, being the only main direct link between Melbourne's CBD and the West, it is frequently congested during the morning and afternoon peaks (despite having 5 lanes in each direction) and is constantly busy 24/7, due to the number and type of vehicles coming in and out of Melbourne (i.e.) Port of Melbourne.
The bridge was originally tolled. Tolls were abolished in 1985, because drivers were using other routes to avoid the toll.[1]
Cycling and the Westgate[edit]
Cyclists are prohibited from using the bridge except for special bicycle events, notably the MS Summer cycle, which is a fundraising event for multiple sclerosis, and the Around the bay in a day Bicycle Network [2] event that raises money for The Smith Family charity. The Westgate Punt is a foot ferry that runs directly below the bridge, taking cyclists and pedestrians across the Yarra between a jetty at Fishermans Bend near Westgate Park – Bay Trail and a jetty adjacent to Scienceworks Museum – Hobsons Bay Coastal Trail. It operates on demand, from Monday to Friday in morning and evening peaks, and on weekends and public holidays from 10:00 am to 5:00 pm
land scape
Collapse[edit]
Play media
2010 ABC report on the collapse.
Two years into construction of the bridge, at 11.50 am on 15 October 1970, the 112 m (367.5 ft) span between piers 10 and 11 collapsed and fell 50 m (164 ft) to the ground and water below. Thirty-five construction workers were killed and 18 injured, making it Australia's worst industrial accident.[3] Many of those who perished were on lunch break beneath the structure in workers' huts, which were crushed by the falling span. Others were working on and inside the girder when it fell. The whole 2,000-tonne (4,400,000 lb) mass plummeted into the Yarra River mud with an explosion of gas, dust and mangled metal that shook buildings hundreds of metres away. Nearby houses were spattered with flying mud. The roar of the impact, the explosion, and the fire that followed, could be clearly heard over 20 kilometres (12 mi) away. On the following morning, 16 October, Sir Henry Bolte (Premier of Victoria) announced that a Royal Commission would be set up immediately to look into the cause of the disaster. The Prime Minister, John Gorton, said: "I am sure the whole of Australia is shocked and saddened by the serious accident at West Gate Bridge. Please extend my deepest sympathy to all those families to whom this tragic event has brought such grief."[4]
Cause[edit]
The West Gate Bridge as seen from the walkway near the West Gate Bridge Memorial Park
A Royal Commission into the collapse was established, which concluded on 14 July 1971. It attributed the failure of the bridge to two causes: the structural design by designers Freeman Fox & Partners and an unusual method of construction by World Services and Construction, the original contractors of the project.
On the day of the collapse, there was a difference in camber of 11.4 centimetres (4.5 in) between two half-girders at the west end of the span which needed to be joined. It was proposed that the higher one be weighted down with 10 concrete blocks, each weighing 8 t (8.8 short tons), which were located on site. The weight of these blocks caused the span to buckle, which was a sign of structural failure. The longitudinal joining of the half girders was partially complete when orders came through to remove the buckle. As the bolts were removed, the bridge snapped back and the span collapsed.
Collapse memorials[edit]
Six twisted fragments of the collapsed bridge can be found adorning the gardens in the engineering faculty of Monash University, Clayton campus. It is said by students that they are to remind engineers of the consequences of their errors. Monash University acquired these when asked to participate in the investigation of the collapse.[5]
Commemorations have been held on 15 October every year since the collapse.[6] A West Gate Bridge Memorial Park to workers who lost their lives is located near the bridge. It opened on the 34th anniversary of the collapse, 15 October 2004. It includes the existing West Gate Bridge Memorial and Sculpture, and the memorial for six who died in the Spotswood Yarra Sewer Tunnel collapse of 12 April 1895 (Good Friday).[7][8]
Completion[edit]
Construction resumed in 1972, with the bridge being completed in 1978. After 10 years of construction, the bridge, a part of the larger West Gate Freeway, cost $202 million.[1]
Speed cameras were erected on the bridge in 2004, but were not activated until September 2005, because of issues with a similar camera on the Western Ring Road.[9] However these speed cameras were switched off in 2005, and currently remain disabled, as the sway of the bridge prevents secondary verification of the alleged speed against a fixed point.[10] In 2006 the State Government spent $1.3 million on erecting railway style boom barriers at each entrance to the bridge to block traffic in the event of a terrorist attack.[11] In March 2007 the State Government announced that two flagpoles would be erected atop the main bridge pylons, to fly the Australian and Victorian flags, each being 10 metres by 5 metres in size and 135m above sea level.[12] Costing $350,000 to install and $15,000 a year to maintain,[13] the flags were unfurled on 24 September 2008.[14]
On 5 August 2007 it was reported that the Victorian Government was planning a $240 million project to identify and eliminate structural weaknesses in the bridge, with specific concerns including crash barriers, cracking, corrosion and potential buckling. News of the work was prompted by the collapse of the I-35W Mississippi River bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. Experts were reported as saying the West Gate was initially designed to carry loads of 25 tonnes but now carried B-double trucks weighing up to 68 tonnes. The bridge was built to carry 40,000 vehicles a day, but volumes are now more than four times the original amount, approximately 160,000 vehicles on an average day.[15]
West Gate Bridge Flag[edit]
On 11 March 2014 a 10 metres (33 ft) artist-designed flag was raised on the western side of the bridge as part of the 'Melbourne Now' exhibition, ‘On Top of the World: Flags for Melbourne’.[16] The flag was a collaborative design between four contributing artists involved in the show who shared an affinity with the bridge. It’s a reference to 1803 maritime communications by Rear Admiral Home Riggs Popham, the symbol on the flag meaning ‘I can spare what you asked for’. The flag was flown until the end of the 'Melbourne Now' show on 25 March 2014.[17] Artists Brook Andrew, Helen Johnson, Kate Daw and Jon Campbell were collaborating with Stewart Russell[18] as curator.
Expansion[edit]
On 17 May 2006, the State Government as part of their Meeting Our Transport Challenges plan announced plans to change traffic flow in peak periods on the West Gate Bridge and approaches to it, using a reversible lane to provide five traffic lanes in the peak direction, opposing traffic having three lanes.[19] This was to be done using overhead signals and barriers and the State Government allocated funds to this project in its 2006–2007 state budget,[citation needed] but the works were never carried out.
In 2008 the expansion plans were revised as part of the Victorian Transport Plan, when it was announced that the bridge would be widened to 5 lanes in each direction, the space being gained by narrowing the existing traffic lanes and closing the emergency lanes, in a move criticised by Victorian fire, police and ambulance unions.[20] Overhead gantries would be used to direct traffic out of lanes when breakdowns and accidents occur. Costed at $240 million, each lane would be 3.1 metres wide, by comparison lanes on the Sydney Harbour Bridge have a width of 2.8 metres.[20] Roads Minister Tim Pallas claimed that the plan would allow the bridge to carry 50 percent more vehicles, while reducing crashes by 20 percent.[21] Structural analysis work on the bridge concluded in early 2009 and was completed over a 14-month period. Works to strengthen the bridge commenced in the first half of 2009, with the entire strengthening project scheduled for completion in 2011.[22]
On 22 June 2011 all five lanes were finally opened to the public in both directions, with the completion of the required strengthening works.[23] The full cost was $347 million, $107 million more than VicRoads had originally planned, but included considerable additional scope of works. This cost increase was after the deletion of $20 million architectural lighting originally included in the scope of the works.[23] The engineers for the strengthening project, Flint & Neill and Sinclair Knight Merz, won the 2012 Institution of Structural Engineers Supreme Award for structural engineering for the project.[24]
Future[edit]
The West Gate Bridge at sunset, with Docklands Stadium in the foreground.
Strong growth in suburbs along the route, and increased freight through the Port of Melbourne, means that the corridor is experiencing traffic congestion during peak periods, is vulnerable to short term interruptions and is rapidly approaching capacity. Proposals to abate congestion by allowing more traffic have included bridge widening, a tunnel underneath the river, or adding a second deck to the bridge. Many such plans have come under fire from community groups such as the Public Transport Users Association and Environment Victoria advocating investment in alternative forms of transport.
A private sector report made public in February 2006 suggested building a companion tunnel to the West Gate Bridge under the Yarra River. Made up of three separate bores to carry traffic in either direction and a freight rail line, the portals would have been north of Williamstown Road in Port Melbourne, and between Blackshaws and Melbourne roads in Altona North.[25][26]
The State Government also assessed options for the development of another east-west link in 2008. Sir Rod Eddington, former CEO of British Airways and Chairman of the Victorian Major Events Company, will head the assessment of the future East-West connections and recommend the best way forward for public transport, road and freight travel for the entire Monash-West Gate corridor. By December 2008 the State Government announced it was planning for such a link, anticipated to be a three kilometre road tunnel under Footscray and the Maribyrnong River. Linking Dynon and Footscray Roads in the Port of Melbourne precinct to Geelong Road in West Footscray, now known as the East-West road connection its cost is estimated at more than $2.5 billion.[27]
Suicide location[edit]
Police data show up to one suicide happens every three weeks at the West Gate Bridge. A 2004 coroner's report recommended anti-suicide fencing or barriers be erected on the bridge to deter people from taking their lives.[28] In 2008, the bodies of a mother in her late 20s and her 18-month-old baby were found on the river bank below the West Gate Bridge, prompting further calls to erect a suicide barrier.[29]
Those who argue for a suicide barrier claim that most of those who jump from the West Gate Bridge do so through impulse and that police officers who try to save those who try to jump are putting their own lives in danger. There are multiple incidents of police officers dangling off the side of the bridge while holding onto would-be jumpers.[30] A 2000 Royal Melbourne Hospital study on people who jumped from the bridge found at least 62 cases between 1991 and 1998. Seven people survived the 58-metre fall. Seventy-four percent of those who jumped from the bridge were male, with an average age of 33. More than 70 percent were suffering from mental illness.[31] Of those who jumped off the West Gate Bridge, 31 percent fell on land. Some of those who landed in water drowned afterwards.[32]
2009 Darcey Freeman incident[edit]
In January 2009 a Melbourne girl, Darcey Freeman, aged 4, was thrown off the bridge by her father and later died in hospital. In April 2011, Arthur Freeman was found guilty of murder and sentenced to life in prison.[33] Following the incident, a temporary suicide barrier of concrete crash barriers topped with a welded mesh fence was erected starting in February. By June, it had been claimed that the fence had prevented two suicides.[34] A permanent barrier was later installed along the length of the bridge. The barriers are costed at $20 million.[20]
See also[edit]
List of disasters in Australia by death toll
List of bridge disasters
West Gate Freeway
Erskine Bridge
Tasman Bridge
Cleddau Bridge
Suicide bridge
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b M. G. Lay & K. F. Daley (July 2002). "The Melbourne City Link Project". Transport Policy. 9 (3): 261–267. doi:10.1016/S0967-070X(02)00020-3. Retrieved 17 July 2008.
Jump up ^ https://www.bicyclenetwork.com.au/
Jump up ^ "Forty years on, the West Gate Bridge collapse still looms large". The Age. 16 October 2010.
Jump up ^ 'West Gate', Bill Hitchings, 1979, Outback Press. ISBN 9780868882260
Jump up ^ "West Gate garden". www.monash.edu. Monash University. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Commemorations". www.westgatebridge.org. West Gate Bridge Memorial Committee. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "Memorial park". www.westgatebridge.org. West Gate Bridge Memorial Commitee [sic]. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Sewer Accident" (scan). The Argus (Melbourne), Australia (No. 15,232). 25 April 1985. p. 6. Retrieved 9 August 2015 – via trove.nla.gov.au.
Jump up ^ Ashley Gardiner (21 September 2005). "Bridge cameras set to bring in millions". Herald Sun. Australia.
Jump up ^ Matthew Shulz (22 May 2008). "Malfunctioning West Gate Bridge speed cameras turned off". Herald Sun. Australia.
Jump up ^ Tanya Giles (18 January 2008). "West Gate boom gates to fight terror". Herald Sun. Australia. Retrieved 25 September 2008. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "FLAGS TO FLY ON THE WEST GATE BRIDGE". Media Release: OFFICE OF THE PREMIER. legislation.vic.gov.au. 13 March 2007. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
Jump up ^ Lucas, Clay; Dowling, Jason (17 September 2008). "Pride in the flags to cost $350,000". The Age. Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
Jump up ^ Ashley Gardiner (25 September 2008). "West Gate Bridge shows flag colours". Herald Sun. Australia. Archived from the original on 27 September 2008. Retrieved 25 September 2008.
Jump up ^ Paul Heinrichs (5 August 2007). "$240m West Gate facelift to bridge safety fears". The Age. Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ "Artists' flag raised on West Gate Bridge". ngv.vic.gov.au (Press release). National Gallery of Victoria. 10 March 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/melbournenow/projects/007 Melbourne Now Archived 13 March 2014 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 April 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015. Stewart Russell
Jump up ^ State of Victoria (May 2006). Meeting Our Transport Challenges (Report).
^ Jump up to: a b c Clay Lucas (5 December 2008). "Police, ambulance unions criticise move to close West Gate emergency lanes". The Age. Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ "No emergency on West Gate Bridge". ABC News. Australia: ABC. 4 December 2008. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ "West Gate Bridge Strengthening". Monash-CityLink-West Gate upgrade. mcwupgrade.com.au. Archived from the original on 31 May 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b Clay Lucas (23 June 2011). "Costs head north as another lane goes west". The Age. Australia. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
Jump up ^ IStructE. "2012 IStructE Supreme Award Winners". UK. Retrieved 12 December 2012. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Australian Associated Press (6 February 2006). "$2bn tunnel plan for West Gate Bridge". The Age. Melbourne, Australia. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ John Ferguson & Geraldine Mitchell (18 February 2008). "Traffic on Melbourne's West Gate Bridge slows under heavy load". Herald Sun. Australia: news.com.au. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ "West Gate Bridge Alternative". Victorian Transport Plan. www4.transport.vic.gov.au. December 2008. Archived from the original on 5 June 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ Mark Dunn & Anthony Dowsley (14 June 2008). "Anti-suicide barrier urged for West Gate Bridge". Herald Sun. Australia: news.com.au. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ Mark Dunn & Antonia Magee (5 June 2008). "Mum and baby dead in 'gut-wrenching' tragedy". Herald Sun. Australia: news.com.au. Archived from the original on 7 June 2008. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ Mark Dunn (9 November 2006). "Police risk lives on death bridge". Herald Sun. Australia: news.com.au. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ Karen Poh (10 June 2008). "Fence on bridge". Star News Group. starnewsgroup.com.au. Archived from the original on 3 August 2008. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
Jump up ^ Coman M, Meyer AD, Cameron PA (2000). "Jumping from the Westgate Bridge, Melbourne". The Medical Journal of Australia. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 172 (2): 67–9. PMID 10738475.
Jump up ^ Thomas Hunter (11 April 2011). "West Gate father sentenced to life in prison". The Age. Australia: www.theage.com.au. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Mark Dunn (18 June 2009). "West Gate Bridge fence a live saver". Herald Sun. Australia: news.com.au. Archived from the original on 20 June 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
External links[edit]
West Gate Bridge Memorial
Public Record Office of Victoria's special site on the Westgate Bridge collapse
""Report of the Royal Commission into the Failure of West Gate Bridge"" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 May 2016. (3Mb) 1971
Worksafe Victoria
West Gate Bridge at Structurae
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