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Practical Magic
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Practical Magic
Promotional poster
Directed by
Griffin Dunne
Produced by
Denise Di Novi
Screenplay by
Robin Swicord
Akiva Goldsman
Adam Brooks
Based on
Practical Magic
by Alice Hoffman
Starring
Sandra Bullock
Nicole Kidman
Dianne Wiest
Stockard Channing
Aidan Quinn
Music by
Alan Silvestri
Cinematography
Andrew Dunn
Edited by
Elizabeth Kling
Production
company
Village Roadshow Pictures
Di Novi Pictures
Distributed by
Warner Bros.
Roadshow Entertainment (Australia & New Zealand)
Release date
October 16, 1998 (1998-10-16)
Running time
103 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$75 million
Box office
$68,336,997[1]
Practical Magic is a 1998 American romantic comedy film based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Alice Hoffman. The film was directed by Griffin Dunne and stars Sandra Bullock, Nicole Kidman, Stockard Channing, Dianne Wiest, Aidan Quinn, and Goran Visnjic.
Bullock and Kidman play sisters Sally and Gillian Owens, who have always known they were different from each other. Raised by their aunts after their parents' death, the sisters grew up in a household that was anything but typical—their aunts fed them chocolate cake for breakfast and taught them the uses of practical magic. But the invocation of the Owens' sorcery also carries a price—some call it a curse: the men they fall in love with are doomed to an untimely death. Now adult women with very different personalities, the quiet Sally and the fiery Gillian must use all of their powers to fight the family curse and a swarm of supernatural forces that could take away all the Owens' lives.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Music
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical reception
5.3 Accolades
6 Efforts for television series
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Maria Owens, a young witch, is exiled to Maria's Island in Massachusetts with her unborn child after escaping her own execution when the rope meant to hang her, snaps instead, and she lands on her feet before the accusing townsfolk. When her lover does not come to rescue her, she desperately casts a spell upon herself to stop herself from ever falling in love again. The spell turns into a curse, affecting all the coming generations of women in the Owens family. In the present day, Gillian and Sally Owens, the most recent descendants of Maria Owens, are taken in by their maternal aunts Frances and Jet after the death of their parents. Sally is the more gifted of the two while Gillian's talents are more in charm and persuasion, and both have been subject to ridicule during their youth. After witnessing their aunts cast a spell on a man for a woman who seems obsessed with having his love, Gillian decides to fall in love and Sally casts a true love spell to protect herself.
The sisters cast an oath to each other using blood from both of their hands and Gillian leaves for Los Angeles. Sally meets and marries Michael, a local produce seller. Years later, the two open their botanical shop Verbena and have two young daughters, Kylie and Antonia. Michael is killed after being hit by a truck. Devastated, Sally and her daughters return to the Owens home to live with the aunts, and realize that the aunts cast a spell so she would finally have something normal, not expecting Sally and Michael to fall in love and thus trigger the curse. Sally decides that she and her daughters will not perform magic. As Gillian begins a relationship with Jimmy Angelov in Orlando, she can feel Sally's emotional state, and feeling that Sally needs her she drugs Jimmy to return to Massachusetts.
Gillian calls Sally to come and get her after Jimmy becomes abusive, but he kidnaps the sisters, forcing them to drive across the country. Sally puts belladonna into Jimmy's tequila, inadvertently killing him, as he tries to strangle Gillian. The sisters get back home, then resurrect him using the forbidden spell from their aunts' book of spells, but Jimmy attempts to kill Gillian again after being revived. Sally kills him again, and the sisters bury his remains in their home's garden. Telltale signs begin occurring, indicating that the nieces did something wrong, yet they do not confess to their aunts when confronted. Frances and Jet take a leave of absence after giving Kylie and Antonia protection wards, and a message to pass on: "clean up your own mess!"
State investigator Gary Hallett arrives from Tucson, Arizona in search of Jimmy, who is also a serial killer. As Gary begins to suspect Sally, Gillian, Kylie and Antonia create a potion to banish Gary; however, the girls realize he is the one described in Sally's true love spell, and remove the potion. Later, Sally has Gary record her testimony and sees the letter she had once written Gillian, and realizes he must have read it more times than he had let on. Unable to deny their feelings for each other, they kiss and Sally realizes that he was there because of the spell she cast years earlier.
Sally discovers that Jimmy's spirit has possessed Gillian's body and Gary sees Jimmy's spirit emerge. Jimmy attempts to kill Gary, reaching into his chest to arrest his heart, only to be hurt by his silver star-shaped badge and is temporarily exiled. Later, Sally tells Gary that he is there because of her spell and the feelings they have for each other are not real. Gary replies that curses are only true if one believes in them and reveals that he also wished for her, before returning to Tucson.
Jimmy possesses Gillian again and attempts to kill Sally before Frances and Jet return. Sally, realizing she must embrace magic to save her sister, asks the aid of the townswomen and they form a coven to exorcise Jimmy's spirit. Sally makes them stop when she sees that the effort might kill Gillian. Getting inside the circle, Sally repeats her oath with Gillian, again slicing their palms to join their blood in promise. They are able to break the Owens curse, exorcising Jimmy's spirit and allowing the coven to exile him permanently. After returning to Tucson, Gary clears the sisters of any suspicion of wrongdoing in Jimmy's case, informing them via registered mail, and Sally is forced to come to a decision, encouraged by Gillian to take a risk for "the right guy." Echoing back to her original spell, Sally sends out a message via the wind, and in Arizona, Gary is greeted with buffeting winds. He returns to Massachusetts to be with Sally. The Owens women celebrate Halloween dressed up in witch costumes, and are embraced and welcomed by the townsfolk.
Cast[edit]
Sandra Bullock as Sally Owens, a witch who becomes widowed after the Owens’ curse kills her husband.
Camilla Belle as young Sally
Nicole Kidman as Gillian Owens, younger sister of one year of Sally, who grows bored with small town life and becomes the victim of an abusive relationship.
Lora Anne Criswell as young Gillian
Goran Visnjic as James 'Jimmy' Angelov, boyfriend of Gillian, who becomes abusive and kidnaps the sisters, and is ultimately killed by them, twice.
Stockard Channing as Aunt Frances Owens, aunt of Sally and Gillian, who tends to be more outgoing and fun-loving. She also loves to meddle in people's love lives.
Dianne Wiest as Aunt Bridget 'Jet' Owens, aunt of Sally and Gillian, who tends to be more tenderhearted and quiet.
Aidan Quinn as Investigator Gary Hallet, a lawman from Tucson, Arizona, who investigates Sally and Gillian in the murder of Jimmy Angelov and falls in love with Sally.
Caprice Benedetti as Maria Owens, matriarch of the Owens clan.
Evan Rachel Wood as Kylie Owens, daughter of Sally Owens, who lives with her mom and aunts after the death of her father, Michael. She looks and acts a lot like her Aunt Gillian.
Alexandra Artrip as Antonia Owens, daughter of Sally Owens, who lives with her mom and aunts after the death of her father, Michael. She looks a lot like her mother.
Mark Feuerstein as Michael, husband of Sally Owens, and father of Kylie and Antonia Owens. He is a victim of the "Owens' Curse", which resulted in his death.
Peter Shaw as Jack, Sally and Gillian's father, who died from the Owens' curse when they were children.
Caralyn Kozlowski as Regina, Sally and Gillian's mother, who died of a broken heart after losing her husband to the Owens' curse.
Chloe Webb as Carla, a friend of Sally's, and works at her shop.
Lucinda Jenney as Sara, one of the town women, who initially fears the Owens but later responds to Sally's call for help.
Margo Martindale as Linda Bennett, one of town women who responds to Sally's call for help.
Martha Gehman as Patty, one of town women who responds to Sally's call for help.
Production[edit]
Practical Magic was partially filmed on an artificial set in California. The film's producers said the house was a big part of the depiction of the Owens' culture, so they knew they had to build a house to accurately depict this. They built it in Coupeville, Washington.[2] They brought much of the set from California and placed it inside the house, but it still took almost a year to perfect the image of the house and the interior.[3] The house used is owned by the Sundstrom Family and is located on San Juan Valley Road, San Juan Island. They built a replica of the outside of the house on the west side of San Juan Island so that it looked like the house was on the waterfront, but in actuality it is in the valley. They built the house in San Juan County Park but since the house was built only for this filming, it was torn down after the movie was released. Many of the small town scenes were filmed in downtown Coupeville, Washington, located on Whidbey Island.
According to Sandra Bullock in the DVD commentary, in the scene where the Owens women are drunk and slinging insults, the actresses actually got drunk on very bad tequila brought by Kidman. The cast also thinks that the supernatural elements of the house started to affect them; the cast and crew say that they have heard ghost noises while filming the coven scene at the end of the film. For the final scene with all of the townspeople at the Owens' home, the entire population of the town where filming took place was invited to show up in costume and appear as townsfolk.
Music[edit]
Practical Magic
Photo by Suzanne Tenner
Soundtrack album by Various artists
Released
October 6, 1998 (original pressing)
Recorded
August 15–16, 1998,
Abbey Road Studios (Michael Nyman tracks)
Genre
Soundtrack, pop, minimalism, orchestral
Length
56:58 (Nyman pressing); 51:46 (Silvestri pressing)
Language
English
Label
Reprise/WEA
Producer
Danny Bramson, Sandra Bullock
Michael Nyman chronology
Strong on Oaks, Strong on the Causes of Oaks
(1998) Practical Magic
(1998) Ravenous
(1999)
Alan Silvestri chronology
The Parent Trap
(1998) The Parent Trap1998 Practical Magic
(1998) Practical Magic1998 Stuart Little
(1999) Stuart Little1999
Composer Michael Nyman's score to the movie was abruptly replaced with music by Alan Silvestri for the theatrical release. This last-minute change resulted in the release of two soundtracks, although as primarily a compilation album, only the two tracks of newly created material were changed. A 50-track demo (the last two tracks being "Convening the Coven" and "Maria Owens") of Nyman's score has been circulating among fans as a bootleg. The complete Nyman score runs 62:30 and contains music that would later appear, in altered form, in Ravenous and The Actors, as well as a bit of his stepwise chord progression theme from Out of the Ruins/String Quartet No. 3/Carrington/The End of the Affair/The Claim. "Convening the Coven", though not "Maria Owens", was subsequently reissued on The Very Best of Michael Nyman: Film Music 1980–2001, and music that uses material related to this piece has not been used elsewhere.
Singer Stevie Nicks headlined the soundtrack's published advertisements, promoting her songs "If You Ever Did Believe" and a new recording of her song "Crystal", both songs featuring Sheryl Crow on back-up vocals.
Track listing
"If You Ever Did Believe" – Stevie Nicks
"This Kiss" – Faith Hill
"Got to Give It Up (Pt.1)" – Marvin Gaye
"Is This Real?" – Lisa Hall
"Black Eyed Dog" – Nick Drake
"A Case of You" – Joni Mitchell
"Nowhere and Everywhere" – Michelle Lewis
"Always on My Mind" – Elvis Presley
"Everywhere" – Bran Van 3000
"Coconut" – Harry Nilsson
"Crystal" – Stevie Nicks
"Practical Magic" – Alan Silvestri / "Convening the Coven" – The Michael Nyman Orchestra
"Amas Veritas" – Alan Silvestri / "Maria Owens" – The Michael Nyman Orchestra
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Practical Magic opened at #1 with $13.1 million in ticket sales. The film went on to gross $68.3 million worldwide, less than its $75 million production budget.[1]
Critical reception[edit]
Practical Magic received negative reviews from film critics. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a 20% approval rating, based on 55 reviews, with an average rating of 4.4/10 and the site's consensus states: "Comedy, romance and horror mix with unsatisfying results."[4] Another review aggregator, Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 1–100 reviews from film critics, gives a score of 46 out of 100 based on reviews from 22 critics.[5]
Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly gave Practical Magic a negative review, calling it "a witch comedy so slapdash, plodding, and muddled it seems to have had a hex put on it."[6] Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said that the film "doesn't seem sure what tone to adopt, veering uncertainly from horror to laughs to romance."[7]
Accolades [edit]
Year
Nominated work
Award
Result
1999 Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture
Dianne Wiest American Comedy Award Nominated
1999 Favorite Supporting Actress – Comedy/Romance
Stockard Channing Blockbuster Entertainment Award Won
1999 Favorite Actor – Comedy/Romance
Aidan Quinn Blockbuster Entertainment Award Nominated
1999 Favorite Song from a Movie
Faith Hill
For the song "This Kiss". Blockbuster Entertainment Award Nominated
1999 Favorite Supporting Actress – Comedy/Romance
Dianne Wiest Blockbuster Entertainment Award Nominated
1999 Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actress
Camilla Belle Young Artist Award Nominated
1999 Best Performance in a Feature Film – Supporting Young Actress
Evan Rachel Wood Young Artist Award Nominated
Efforts for television series[edit]
In 2004, Warner Bros. and CBS produced Sudbury, a television pilot written by Becky Hartman Edwards, starring Kim Delaney in the role played by Bullock in the film, and Jeri Ryan in the role played by Kidman. The series, named for the Sudbury, Massachusetts location of the novel and film, was not picked up.
In 2010, Warner Bros. and ABC Family attempted to develop a reboot television series.[8]
See also[edit]
List of ghost films
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Practical Magic". The Numbers.
Jump up ^ "Practical Magic: A Victorian House Fit for a Witch". Hooked. 25 October 2009. Retrieved 31 October 2012. It looks like a real house that was built in the 1850s, but it’s really just an “architectural shell” that took 8 months to build and was (sadly) destroyed after filming was over.
Jump up ^ "Design". Practical Magic. Amas Veritas. Archived from the original on 6 May 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2012. Months later, key sets like the conservatory, which leads to the garden, were transported to Washington and reassembled so outdoor scenes could be shot. Though this Victorian house looks as if it's been in place for a century, it's actually an architectural shell.
Jump up ^ "Practical Magic". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Practical Magic". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen (October 16, 1998). "Practical Magic Review". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (October 16, 1998). "Practical Magic". rogerebert.com. Sun-Times Media Group. Retrieved December 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hibberd, James (October 29, 2010). "ABC Family brewing 'Practical Magic' reboot". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 18, 2011.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Practical Magic
Practical Magic on IMDb
Practical Magic at AllMovie
Practical Magic at Rotten Tomatoes
Practical Magic at Box Office Mojo
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The Client (1994)
Silent Fall (1994)
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I, Robot (2004)
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The Da Vinci Code (2006)
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Angels & Demons (2008)
Winter's Tale (2014)
The Divergent Series: Insurgent (2015)
Rings (2017)
Transformers: The Last Knight (2017)
The Dark Tower (2017)
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Lost in Space (1998)
Deep Blue Sea (1999)
Starsky & Hutch (2004)
Mindhunters (2004)
Constantine (2005)
Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005)
Poseidon (2006)
I Am Legend (2007)
Hancock (2008)
The Losers (2010)
Fair Game (2010)
Jonah Hex (2010)
Lone Survivor (2013)
Winter's Tale (2014)
King Arthur: Legend of the Sword (2017)
The Dark Tower (2017)
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White Nile
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the state of Sudan, see White Nile, Sudan.
White Nile
Victoria Nile, Albert Nile, Mountain Nile
River
A steel Bailey bridge spans the White Nile at Juba, South Sudan
Countries
Sudan, South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Cities
Jinja, Juba, Khartoum
Source
White Nile
- coordinates 2°16′55.92″S 29°19′52.32″E / 2.2822000°S 29.3312000°E / -2.2822000; 29.3312000
Length
3,700[1] km (2,299 mi)
Basin
1,800,000 km2 (694,984 sq mi)
Discharge
- average 878 m3/s (31,006 cu ft/s)
The White Nile (Arabic: النيل الأبيض an-nīl al-'abyaḍ) is a river in Africa, one of the two main tributaries of the Nile; the other is the Blue Nile. The name comes from colouring due to clay carried in the water.[2]
In the strict meaning, "White Nile" refers to the river formed at Lake No, at the confluence of the Bahr al Jabal and Bahr el Ghazal Rivers. In the wider sense, "White Nile" refers to all the stretches of river draining from Lake Victoria through to the merger with the Blue Nile. These higher stretches being named the "Victoria Nile" (via Lake Kyoga to Lake Albert), the "Albert Nile" (to the South Sudan border) and then the "Mountain Nile" or "Bahr-al-Jabal" (down to Lake No).[3] "White Nile" may sometimes include the headwaters of Lake Victoria, the most remote of which being 2,300 miles (3,700 km) from the Blue Nile.[1]
The 19th century search by Europeans for the source of the Nile was mainly focused on the White Nile, which disappeared into the depths of what was then known as "Darkest Africa". The White Nile's true source was not discovered until 1937, when the German explorer Burkhart Waldecker traced it to a stream in Rutovu, at the base of Mount Kikizi.[4]
A map showing the White Nile and the Blue Nile in East Africa.
Contents
[hide]
1 Headwaters of Lake Victoria
2 In Uganda
2.1 Victoria Nile
2.2 Albert Nile
3 In South Sudan and Sudan
3.1 Mountain Nile
3.2 White Nile proper
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Headwaters of Lake Victoria[edit]
The Rusumo Falls
The Kagera River, which flows into Lake Victoria near the Tanzanian town of Bukoba, is the longest feeder river for Lake Victoria, although sources do not agree on which is the longest tributary of the Kagera and hence the most distant source of the Nile itself.[5]
The source of the Nile can be considered to be either the Ruvyironza, which emerges in Bururi Province, Burundi,[6] near Bukirasaz or the Nyabarongo, which flows from Nyungwe Forest in Rwanda.[7]
The two feeder rivers meet near Rusumo Falls on the Rwanda-Tanzania border. The falls are notable because of an event on 28–29 April 1994, when 250,000 Rwandans crossed the bridge at Rusumo Falls into Ngara, Tanzania in 24 hours, in what the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees called "the largest and fastest refugee exodus in modern times". The Kagera forms part of the Rwanda–Tanzania and Tanzania–Uganda borders before flowing into Lake Victoria.
In Uganda[edit]
Rafters flipping in Bujagali Falls near the mouth of the Victoria Nile
The White Nile in Uganda goes under the name of "Victoria Nile" from Lake Victoria via Lake Kyoga to Lake Albert, and then as the "Albert Nile" from there to the border with South Sudan.
Victoria Nile[edit]
The Victoria Nile starts as the outflow from Lake Victoria, close to Jinja on the northern shore of the lake.[8] After Nalubaale Power Station and Kiira Power Station at the lake outlet, the river goes through Bujagali Falls (location of Bujagali Power Station) about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) downstream from Jinja. The river then flows north and westwards through Uganda to Lake Kyoga in the centre of the country, then west to Lake Albert.
At Karuma Falls, the river sweeps under Karuma Bridge (2°14′45.40″N 32°15′9.05″E / 2.2459444°N 32.2525139°E / 2.2459444; 32.2525139) at the south-eastern corner of Murchison Falls National Park. During much of the insurgency of the Lord's Resistance Army, Karuma Bridge, built in 1963 to help the cotton industry, was the key stop on the way to Gulu, where vehicles would gather in convoy before being provided with a military escort for the final run north. In 2009, the government of Uganda announced plans to construct a 750-megawatt hydropower project several kilometres north of the bridge, which is scheduled for completion in 2016.[9] The World Bank had approved funding a smaller 200-megawatt power plant, but Uganda opted for a bigger project, which the Ugandans will fund internally, if necessary.[10]
Just before entering Lake Albert, the river is compressed into a passage 7 metres (23 ft) in width at Murchison Falls, marking the entry into the western branch of the East African Rift. The river flows into Lake Albert opposite the Blue Mountains in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The stretch of river from Lake Kyoga to Lake Albert is sometimes called the "Kyoga Nile".[11]
Albert Nile[edit]
The river exiting Lake Albert to the north is known as the "Albert Nile". It separates the West Nile sub-region of Uganda from the rest of the country. A bridge passes over the Albert Nile near its inlet in Nebbi District, but no other bridge over this section has been built. A powered ferry connects the roads between Adjumani and Moyo: navigation of the river is otherwise done by small boat or canoe.
In South Sudan and Sudan[edit]
From the point at which the river enters South Sudan from Uganda the river goes under the name of "Mountain Nile". From Lake No in South Sudan the river becomes the "White Nile" in its strictest sense, and so continues northwards into Sudan where it ends at its confluence with the Blue Nile.
Mountain Nile [edit]
Confluence of Blue and White Nile near Khartoum
From Nimule in South Sudan, close to the border with Uganda, the river becomes known as the "Mountain Nile" or "Baḥr al-Jabal" (also "Baḥr el-Jebel", بحر الجبل), literally Mountain River" or "River of the Mountain"[13]. The Southern Sudanese state of Central Equatoria through which the river flows was known as Bahr al-Jabal until 2006.[14]
The southern stretch of the river encounters several rapids before reaching the Sudan plain and the vast swamp of the Sudd. It makes its way to Lake No, where it merges with the Bahr el Ghazal and there forms the White Nile.[15] An anabranch river called Bahr el Zeraf flows out of the Bahr al-Jabal at and flows through the Sudd, to eventually join the White Nile. This Mountain Nile cascades through narrow gorges and over a series of rapids that includes the Fula (Fola) Rapids.[citation needed]
White Nile proper[edit]
The White and Blue Niles merge at Khartoum, the capital of Sudan.
For some the White Nile starts at the confluence of the Mountain Nile with the Bahr el Ghazal at Lake No.[15]
The first 120km of White Nile, flowing east from Lake No to the mouth of the Sobat, are very gently sloping and hold many swamps and lagoons.[16] When in flood, the Sobat River tributary carries a large amount of sediment, adding greatly to the White Nile's color.[17] From South Sudan's second city Malakal the river runs slowly but swamp-free into Sudan and north to Khartoum. Downstream from Malakal lies Kodok, the site of the 1898 Fashoda Incident that marked an end to the Scramble for Africa.
In Sudan the river lends its name to the Sudanese state of White Nile, before merging with the larger Blue Nile at Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, and forming the River Nile.
See also[edit]
List of rivers of Sudan
List of rivers of South Sudan
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Penn, James R. (2001). Rivers of the World: A Social, Geographical, and Environmental Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 299. ISBN 9781576070420.
Jump up ^ The New American Cyclopaedia: A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge, Volume 12. 1867. p. 362.
Jump up ^ Dumont, Henri J. (2009). The Nile: Origin, Environments, Limnology and Human Use. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 344–345. ISBN 9781402097263.
Jump up ^ Traveler's Guide to the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi. Tourist Bureau for the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi. 1956. p. 72. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
Jump up ^ McLeay, cam (2006-07-02). "The truth about the source of R. Nile". New Vision. Retrieved 2011-04-04.
Jump up ^ "Nile River". Retrieved 2011-02-05.
Jump up ^ BBC News (2006-03-31). "Team reaches Nile's 'true source'". Retrieved 2011-04-04.
Jump up ^ vanden Bossche, J.-P.; Bernacsek, G. M. (1990). Source Book for the Inland Fishery Resources of Africa, Issue 18, Volume 1. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations. p. 291. ISBN 92-5-102983-0. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Holland, Hereward (8 May 2009). "Uganda To Increase Capacity of Electricity Project". Reuters. Retrieved 18 April 2014.
Jump up ^ Wacha, Joe (29 October 2011). "Uganda Oil Money to Finance Karuma Power Project". Uganda Radio Network Online. Retrieved 18 April 2014.
Jump up ^ The Indian Journal of International Law: Official Organ of the Indian Society of International Law. M.K. Nawaz. 1980. p. 398.
Jump up ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nile". Encyclopædia Britannica. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Jump up ^ The Arabic word baḥr (بحر) can refer to either a sea or a large river.[12]
Jump up ^ "Southern Sudan Bahr al-Jabal State changes name". Sudan Tribune. 16 April 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b Parsons, Ellen C. (1905). Christus Liberator: An Outline Study of Africa. Macmillan Company. p. 7.
Jump up ^ Shahin, Mamdouh (1985). Hydrology of the Nile Basin. Elsevier. p. 40. ISBN 9780444424334.
Jump up ^ "Sobat River". Encyclopædia Britannica (Online Library ed.). Retrieved 21 January 2008.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to White Nile.
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_Nile&oldid=817265832"
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text:
German presidential election, 2017
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
German presidential election, 2017
← 2012 12 February 2017 2022 →
Nominee
Frank-Walter Steinmeier Christoph Butterwegge (de) Albrecht Glaser (de)
Party
SPD Independent AfD
Home state
North Rhine-Westphalia North Rhine-Westphalia Rhineland-Palatinate
Electoral vote
931 128 42
Percentage
73.89% 10.16% 3.33%
Nominators
SPD, CDU/CSU, Grüne, FDP, SSW Linke AfD
Nominee
Alexander Hold (de) Engelbert Sonneborn (de)
Party
FW Independent
Home state
Bavaria North Rhine-Westphalia
Electoral vote
25 10
Percentage
1.98% 0.79%
Nominators
BVB/FW Pirate Party, PARTEI
President before election
Joachim Gauck
Independent
Elected President
Frank-Walter Steinmeier
SPD
The 2017 German presidential election (officially the 16th Federal Convention) was held on 12 February 2017 to elect the 12th President of Germany. Incumbent President Joachim Gauck announced on 6 June 2016 that he would not stand for re-election, citing his advancing age.[1]
The President is elected by the Federal Convention, an electoral body that consists of all members of the current Bundestag and an equal number of electors, who are elected by the sixteen state parliaments. Frank-Walter Steinmeier of the Social Democratic Party was chosen as the single candidate of the ruling coalition in November 2016 and, with the Christian Democratic Union choosing not to field a candidate against him, his election was seen as guaranteed.[2][3] Steinmeier was elected on the first ballot, and took office on 19 March 2017.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Composition of the Federal Convention
2 Candidates
3 Results
4 References
Composition of the Federal Convention[edit]
The Bundesversammlung was composed as follows:[5]
Party
Bundestag members
State electors
Total electors
Percentage
CDU/CSU 309 230 539 42.8%
Social Democratic Party 193 191 384 30.5%
Alliance '90/The Greens 63 84 147 11.6%
The Left 64 31 95 7.5%
Free Democratic Party 0 36 36 2.9%
Alternative for Germany 0 35 35 2.8%
Pirate Party 0 11 11 0.9%
Free Voters 0 10 10 0.8%
South Schleswig Voters' Association 0 1 1 0.1%
Brandenburg United Civic Movements/Free Voters 0 1 1 0.1%
Total 630 630 1260 100%
In the Federal Convention, a candidate needs a majority (at least 631 votes) to become President. If no candidate gets a majority of votes in the first two ballots, a plurality is sufficient on the third ballot.
Candidates[edit]
Every member of the Federal Convention (members of the Bundestag and state electors, once they are elected by their respective state parliament) can propose candidates for the presidency. It is required that the President is a German citizen and at least 40 years old. Every candidate has to declare his consent to running. Candidates can be proposed before the Federal Convention and (theoretically) during the Convention before every ballot. If the President-elect is a member of a legislature or a government on federal or state level, he has to resign from that office before the start of his term. A sitting President is not allowed to run for a third consecutive term.
Chancellor Angela Merkel originally wanted to nominate Green politician Marianne Birthler, who succeeded Gauck as the Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records from 2001 to 2011, and as the CDU/CSU and the Greens control a majority in the Federal Convention, Birthler's election would have been secured. However, Birthler after some time decided not to run.
On 14 November 2016 the governing parties CDU/CSU and the Social Democratic Party named the Minister of Foreign Affairs and former Vice Chancellor of Germany Frank-Walter Steinmeier as their consensus candidate. The Free Democratic Party endorsed Steinmeier. The other parties were considered likely to either endorse Steinmeier or name candidates of their own to express discontent with the consensus candidate. In any case Steinmeier was the clear favorite to win the election, because the parties endorsing his candidacy held 960 votes in the Federal Convention.
Alternative for Germany proposed the former treasurer of Frankfurt Albrecht Glaser, and the Free Voters named the judge and TV celebrity Alexander Hold. Both were widely considered to have no real chance of winning the presidency, because their respective parties had few electors in the Federal Convention and it was unlikely that they would receive endorsements from other parties.[6][7] On 20 November 2016 The Left nominated the political scientist Christoph Butterwegge.[8] Martin Sonneborn, member of the satirical party Die PARTEI and state elector (North Rhine-Westphalia) for the Pirate Party proposed his father, the retired career consultant Engelbert Sonneborn.[9]
Party
Candidate
Previous service / Profession
Social Democratic Party, endorsed by CDU/CSU, Alliance '90/The Greens, Free Democratic Party Frank-Walter Steinmeier Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs (2005–2009 and 2013–2017) and Vice Chancellor of Germany (2007–2009)
Die Linke (The Left) Christoph Butterwegge Professor of Political Science at the University of Cologne (since 1998)
Alternative für Deutschland (Alternative for Germany) Albrecht Glaser Treasurer of Frankfurt (Hesse) (1997–2001)
Free Voters, endorsed by Brandenburg United Civic Movements/Free Voters Alexander Hold Judge and TV celebrity
Independent, endorsed by one elector of the Pirate Party Engelbert Sonneborn Career consultant
Pirate Party, South Schleswig Voters' Association no candidate named or endorsed
Except for Sonneborn, all candidates were electors in the Federal Convention themselves. Steinmeier was a member of the current Bundestag, Butterwegge and Glaser were elected as state electors for Saxony[10] and Hold as state elector for Bavaria.[11]
Results[edit]
The 16th Federal Convention elected Frank-Walter Steinmeier on the first ballot. He entered office on 19 March 2017.[12]
Candidate
Party
Supporting party
Votes
Percentage (%)
Frank-Walter Steinmeier Social Democratic Party SPD, CDU/CSU, Alliance '90/The Greens, FDP and SSW 931 73.89
Christoph Butterwegge Independent Die Linke (The Left) 128 10.16
Albrecht Glaser Alternative for Germany AfD 42 3.33
Alexander Hold Free Voters Free Voters and BVB/FW 25 1.98
Engelbert Sonneborn Independent Pirate Party Germany and Die PARTEI 10 0.79
Abstentions 103 8.17
Invalid votes 14 0.11
Total 1,253 99.44
Eligible voters 1,260 100
Source: Wahlrecht.de[13]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kate Connolly (6 June 2016). "Headache for Angela Merkel as German president Joachim Gauck steps down". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Charter, David (13 February 2017). "Left wins presidency in new blow to Merkel". The Times. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Legislators vote for Frank-Walter Steinmeier as president". Graphic News. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Election of the Federal President. Office of the Federal President. 12 February 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Wilko Zicht, Martin Fehndrich und Matthias Cantow (12 February 2017). "Zusammensetzung der 16. Bundesversammlung" (in German). Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "AfD-Parteitag: AfD will saarländischen Landesverband auflösen". Die Zeit. 2016-04-30. ISSN 0044-2070. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
Jump up ^ Rundfunk, Stefanie Wagner, Bayerischer (2016-07-20). "Fernseh-Richter als Bundespräsidenten-Kandidat: Freie Wähler nominieren Alexander Hold | BR.de" (in German). Retrieved 2016-12-08.
Jump up ^ Germany, SPIEGEL ONLINE, Hamburg. "Bundespräsidentenwahl: Linke will Armutsforscher Butterwegge ins Rennen schicken". SPIEGEL ONLINE. Retrieved 2016-12-08.
Jump up ^ Martin Sonneborn (6 February 2017). "Mein Vater könnte das". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sächsischer Landtag hat 34 Mitglieder der 16. Bundesversammlung gewählt". Parliament of Saxony. 13 December 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Landtag benennt 97 Delegierte für die Bundesversammlung". Parliament of Bavaria. 22 November 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Election of the Federal President. Office of the Federal President. 12 February 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bundespräsidentenwahl durch die 16. Bundesversammlung". 12 February 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
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Concert for George
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the concert. For the album, see Concert for George (album). For the film, see Concert for George (film).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Concert for George was held at the Royal Albert Hall in London on 29 November 2002 as a memorial to George Harrison on the first anniversary of his death.[1] The event was organised by Harrison's widow, Olivia, and son, Dhani, and arranged under the musical direction of Eric Clapton. The profits from the event went to the Material World Charitable Foundation, an organisation set up by Harrison.
Contents
1 Performances
2 Set list
3 George's Band (after interlude) and guests
4 See also
5 Notes and references
6 External links
Performances[edit]
The concert opened with a traditional Sanskrit invocation, the Sarvesham chant, followed by Indian music starting with Anoushka Shankar, daughter of Ravi Shankar, playing "Your Eyes". Next, Anoushka Shankar, Dhani Harrison and Jeff Lynne performed "The Inner Light", followed by a Ravi Shankar composition "Arpan" (Sanskrit for 'to give'), specially written for the occasion.
Next, there was a comedy interlude with four of the surviving members of the Monty Python troupe (Eric Idle, Terry Gilliam, Terry Jones along with Python contributor Neil Innes) performing "Sit on My Face". Then, Michael Palin came out as an over-the-top announcer who eventually states that he only ever wanted to be a lumberjack. He was then joined by the Pythons, Innes, Carol Cleveland and actor Tom Hanks and The Fred Tomlinson Singers to perform "The Lumberjack Song".
The remainder of the concert featured "George's Band" and included the surviving members of the Beatles, Paul McCartney and Ringo Starr, as well as musicians Eric Clapton, Jeff Lynne, Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Billy Preston, Jools Holland, Albert Lee, Sam Brown, Gary Brooker, Joe Brown, Ray Cooper, Andy Fairweather-Low, Marc Mann, Dave Bronze, Klaus Voormann, Harrison's son Dhani and several other musicians who appeared on Harrison's recordings over the years.[2]
Between them they played a selection of mostly Harrison's songs, from both Beatles and post-Beatles eras, generally staying faithful to Harrison's original arrangements. Performances included Lynne on "I Want to Tell You" and "Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)"; Clapton on "If I Needed Someone" and "Beware of Darkness"; Petty on "I Need You" and "Taxman"; Petty, Lynne, Dhani Harrison, and Jim Keltner on "Handle With Care" as a quasi-Traveling Wilburys; Clapton and Preston on "Isn't It a Pity"; Starr on "Photograph" and "Honey Don't"; McCartney on "For You Blue" and "All Things Must Pass"; McCartney and Clapton on "Something" (McCartney opening with a solo ukulele accompaniment which then shifts into a full band version featuring Clapton); McCartney, Clapton and Starr reuniting on "While My Guitar Gently Weeps"; Preston on "My Sweet Lord"; and the group performance of "Wah-Wah".
Joe Brown closed the show with a rendition of "I'll See You in My Dreams" on ukulele, one of Harrison's favourite instruments.
The event was filmed and a motion picture version, directed by David Leland and photographed by Chris Menges was released on DVD on 17 November 2003. A compact disc version was also released on the same date although the Monty Python and Sam Brown tracks were not included on the CD. A Blu-ray version was released by Rhino Records on 22 March 2011.[3]
In 2018, to honor what would have been the late Beatle's 75th birthday, the concert made its debut on streaming services, and was issued on a vinyl LP set for the first time. [4]
Set list[edit]
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (August 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
"Sarveshaam"
Traditional prayer – including a dedication by Ravi Shankar
"Your Eyes" (Ravi Shankar) – 8:22
Anoushka Shankar: sitar; Tanmoy Bose: tabla
"The Inner Light" (Harrison) – 3:01
Anoushka Shankar: sitar; Jeff Lynne: lead vocals, acoustic guitar; Rajendara Prasanna: shahnai; Tanmoy Bose: tabla; Dhani Harrison: backing vocals, piano; Sunil Gupta: flute; M. Balanchandar: mridangam; Unidentified musicians: other instruments
"Arpan" (Ravi Shankar) – 23:01
Anoushka Shankar: conductor; Sukanya Shankar: vocal-shloka; M. Balanchandar: mridangam; Rajendara Prasanna: shahnai; Vishwa Mohan Bhatt: mohan vina; Tanmoy Bose: tabla, dholak; Chandrasekhar, Balu Raghuraman: violins; Eric Clapton: acoustic guitar; Pedro Eustache: wind instruments; Sunil Gupta: flute; Anuradha Krishamurthi, O.S. Arun: lead vocals; Jane Lister: harp; Gaurav Mazumdar: sitar; Snehashish Mzumdar: mandolin; Ramesh Mishra: sarangi; Pirashanna Thevarajah: percussion; Kenji Ota: tanpura; Barry Phillips: cello; Emil Richards: marimba; Partho Sarathy: sarod; Hari Sivanesan, Sivaskti Sivanesan: veena; Boys and Girls Choir courtesy of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan; English Chamber Choir; London Metropolitan Orchestra (Andrew Brown, Roger Chase, Chris Fish, Helen Hathorn, Lynda Houghton, Ian Humphries, Zoe Martlew, Stella Page, Debbie Widdup)
Michael Kamen – string conductor, string arrangement
Comic Interlude including four members of Monty Python: Eric Idle, Terry Gilliam, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin. Also performing: Neil Innes, Carol Cleveland, Tom Hanks, and The Fred Tomlinson Singers.
"Sit on My Face"
"The Lumberjack Song"
"I Want to Tell You" (Harrison) – 2:52
Jeff Lynne: lead vocals, rhythm guitar
"If I Needed Someone" (Harrison) – 2:28
Eric Clapton: lead vocals, rhythm guitar
"Old Brown Shoe" (Harrison) – 3:48
Gary Brooker: lead vocals, electric piano
"Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)" (Harrison) – 3:29
Jeff Lynne: lead vocals, acoustic guitar
"Beware of Darkness" (Harrison) – 4:00
Eric Clapton: lead vocals, rhythm guitar
"Here Comes the Sun" (Harrison) – 3:09
Joe Brown: lead vocals, acoustic guitar; Neil Gauntlett: acoustic guitar; Dave "Rico" Niles: bass; Phil Capaldi: drums; Andy Fairweather-Low: electric guitar
"That's the Way It Goes" (Harrison) – 3:39
Joe Brown: lead vocals, mandolin; Neil Gauntlett: acoustic guitar; Dave "Rico" Niles: bass; Phil Capaldi: drums; Andy Fairweather-Low: slide electric guitar
"Horse to the Water" (George Harrison / Dhani Harrison)
Sam Brown: lead vocals; Jools Holland: piano; Jim Capaldi: drums
"Taxman" (Harrison) – 3:10
Tom Petty: lead vocals, rhythm guitar; Mike Campbell: lead guitar; Benmont Tench: electric piano; Ron Blair: bass; Steve Ferrone: drums; Scott Thurston: backing vocals, rhythm guitar
"I Need You" (Harrison) – 3:00
Tom Petty: lead vocals, twelve-string acoustic rhythm guitar; Mike Campbell: lead guitar; Benmont Tench: electric piano; Ron Blair: bass; Steve Ferrone: drums; Scott Thurston: backing vocals, rhythm guitar
"Handle with Care" (George Harrison / Jeff Lynne / Roy Orbison / Tom Petty / Bob Dylan) – 3:27
Tom Petty: lead vocals, twelve-string acoustic rhythm guitar; Jeff Lynne: lead vocals, rhythm guitar; Dhani Harrison: acoustic rhythm guitar; Scott Thurston: backing vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica; Mike Campbell: lead guitar; Benmont Tench: electric piano; Ron Blair: bass; Steve Ferrone: drums; Jim Keltner: drums
"Isn't It a Pity" (Harrison) – 6:58
Billy Preston: lead vocals, Hammond organ; Eric Clapton: lead vocals, lead guitar; Marc Mann: slide guitar
"Photograph" (Starkey/Harrison) – 3:56
Ringo Starr: lead vocals; Jim Horn: sax solo
"Honey Don't" (Carl Perkins) – 3:03
Ringo Starr: lead vocals; Albert Lee: lead guitar solo; Gary Brooker: piano solo; Billy Preston: Hammond organ
"For You Blue" (Harrison) – 3:04
Paul McCartney: lead vocals, acoustic rhythm guitar; Ringo Starr: drums; Marc Mann: slide guitar; Gary Brooker: piano solo
"Something" (Harrison) – 4:25
Paul McCartney: lead vocals, ukulele, acoustic rhythm guitar; Ringo Starr: drums; Eric Clapton: lead vocals, rhythm guitar; Marc Mann: lead guitar
"All Things Must Pass" (Harrison) – 3:33
Paul McCartney: lead vocals, acoustic guitar; Ringo Starr: drums; Eric Clapton: acoustic guitar; Dhani Harrison: electric guitar; Klaus Voormann: bass; Marc Mann: slide guitar
"While My Guitar Gently Weeps" (Harrison) – 5:57
Eric Clapton: lead vocals, lead guitar solos; Paul McCartney: lead vocals, piano; Ringo Starr: drums; Dhani Harrison: acoustic guitar; Marc Mann: lead guitar
"My Sweet Lord" (Harrison) – 5:02
Billy Preston: lead vocals, Hammond organ; Paul McCartney: piano; Ringo Starr: drums; Eric Clapton: twelve-string acoustic guitar; Dhani Harrison: backing vocals, acoustic guitar; Marc Mann: slide guitar
"Wah-Wah" (Harrison) – 6:06
Eric Clapton: rhythm guitar/vocals; Jeff Lynne: acoustic rhythm guitar/vocals;[5] Billy Preston: backing vocals, Hammond organ; Supergroup of Guest Musicians: other instruments
"I'll See You in My Dreams" (Isham Jones / Gus Kahn) – 4:01
Joe Brown: lead vocals, ukulele; Neil Gauntlett: acoustic guitar; Dave "Rico" Niles: bass; Phil Capaldi: drums
George's Band (after interlude) and guests[edit]
Eric Clapton – electric and acoustic guitars, musical director
Jeff Lynne, Tom Petty, Joe Brown, Albert Lee, Marc Mann, Andy Fairweather-Low, Paul McCartney, Dhani Harrison – electric and acoustic guitars
Gary Brooker, Jools Holland, Chris Stainton, Billy Preston, Paul McCartney – keyboards
Dave Bronze, Klaus Voormann – bass
Ringo Starr, Jim Keltner, Jim Capaldi, Henry Spinetti – drums
Ray Cooper, Emil Richards, Jim Capaldi – percussion
Jim Horn – tenor saxophone
Tom Scott – alto saxophone
Katie Kissoon, Tessa Niles, Sam Brown – backing vocals
Anoushka Shankar – sitar
See also[edit]
Concert for George (album)
Concert for George (film)
Notes and references[edit]
Jump up ^ The Concert for George, Catalogue number: 0349702412
Jump up ^ "Concert for George. Performers". Concertforgeorge.com. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "Blu-ray.com Review". Blu-ray.com\accessdate=2017-07-09.
Jump up ^ https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/all-star-george-harrison-tribute-concert-gets-vinyl-reissue-w515522. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ concert for george album
External links[edit]
Official website
USA Today review
Looking Back at the Concert for George review
show
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p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-br
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: コンサート・フォー・ジョージ – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: Концерт для Джорджа – Russian

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Concert_for_George rootpage-Concert_for_George skin-vector action-view