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2007 Cricket World Cup squads
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The captains of the 2007 Cricket World Cup.
This is a list of the squads picked for the 2007 Cricket World Cup. This was the ninth Cricket World Cup tournament and was held between 14 March and 28 April 2007. The sixteen teams were asked to announce their final squads by 13 February 2007. Changes were allowed after this deadline at the discretion of the ICCs Technical Committee in necessary cases, such as due to player injury. In order to aid the teams to select the final fifteen, teams were given the option to announce a thirty-man squad by mid-January, with the understanding that the final squad would be picked from within these thirty players.[1] However this was not strictly adhered to—several of England's final fifteen came from outside the initial thirty, for example.
Contents
1 Group A
1.1 Australia
1.2 Netherlands
1.3 Scotland
1.4 South Africa
2 Group B
2.1 Bangladesh
2.2 Bermuda
2.3 India
2.4 Sri Lanka
3 Group C
3.1 Canada
3.2 England
3.3 Kenya
3.4 New Zealand
4 Group D
4.1 Ireland
4.2 Pakistan
4.3 West Indies
4.4 Zimbabwe
5 References
Group A[edit]
Australia[edit]
Australia named their 15-man squad on 13 February 2007.[2] On 23 February 2007, Brett Lee was removed from the squad due to injury and was replaced by Stuart Clark.[3]
Coach: John Buchanan
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
14 Ricky Ponting (c) 19 December 1974 268 Right Right arm medium Tasmanian Tigers
59 Nathan Bracken 12 September 1977 57 Right Left arm fast medium New South Wales Blues
8 Stuart Clark 28 September 1975 24 Right Right arm fast medium New South Wales Blues
23 Michael Clarke 2 April 1981 101 Right Slow left arm orthodox New South Wales Blues
18 Adam Gilchrist 14 November 1971 256 Left Wicket-keeper Western Warriors
57 Brad Haddin 23 October 1977 21 Right Wicket-keeper New South Wales Blues
28 Matthew Hayden 29 October 1971 133 Left Right arm medium Queensland Bulls
17 Brad Hodge 29 December 1974 13 Right Right arm off break Victorian Bushrangers
31 Brad Hogg 6 February 1971 95 Left Slow left arm chinaman Western Warriors
48 Michael Hussey 27 May 1975 61 Left Right arm medium Western Warriors
25 Mitchell Johnson 2 November 1981 18 Left Left arm fast Queensland Bulls
11 Glenn McGrath 9 February 1970 238 Right Right arm fast medium New South Wales Blues
63 Andrew Symonds 9 June 1975 161 Right Right arm medium/off break Queensland Bulls
32 Shaun Tait 22 February 1983 4 Right Right arm fast Southern Redbacks
33 Shane Watson 17 June 1981 57 Right Right arm fast medium Queensland Bulls
Netherlands[edit]
The KNCB named their 15-man squad on 13 February 2007.[5] The squad was unchanged from that which was named for the World Cricket League Division One event in January 2007.[6]
Coach: Peter Cantrell
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
Domestic team
69 Luuk van Troost (c) 28 December 1969 21 Left Left arm medium Excelsior'20
17 Peter Borren 21 August 1983 10 Right Right arm medium VRA Amsterdam
19 Daan van Bunge 19 October 1982 21 Right Right arm leg break Excelsior'20
22 Ryan ten Doeschate 30 June 1980 11 Right Right arm medium fast Essex Eagles
20 Mark Jonkman 20 March 1986 4 Right Right arm medium fast HCC Den Haag
74 Mohammad Kashif 3 December 1984 6 Right Slow left arm orthodox VOC Rotterdam
85 Alexei Kervezee 11 September 1989 10 Right Right arm medium Worcestershire Royals
5 Tim de Leede 25 January 1968 26 Right Right arm medium Voorburg CC
4 Adeel Raja 15 August 1980 7 Right Right arm off break VRA Amsterdam
16 Darron Reekers 26 May 1973 9 Right Right arm medium Quick Den Haag
9 Edgar Schiferli 17 May 1976 13 Right Right arm medium fast Quick Den Haag
10 Jeroen Smits 21 June 1972 19 Right Wicket-keeper HCC Den Haag
59 Billy Stelling 30 June 1969 9 Right Right arm fast medium HBS Craeyenhout
13 Eric Szwarczynski 13 February 1983 4 Right Right arm medium VRA Amsterdam
33 Bas Zuiderent 3 March 1977 26 Right Right arm medium VOC Rotterdam
Scotland[edit]
Scotland named their squad in August 2006, to assist the players in arranging work and training schedules.[7] However, Glenn Rogers later came in for Omer Hussain.[8] Of the Scotland 15, Gavin Hamilton and John Blain have previous World Cup experience.
Coach: Peter Drinnen
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
Domestic team
99 Craig Wright (c) 28 April 1974 13 Right Right arm medium Greenock
4 John Blain 4 January 1979 18 Left Right arm fast medium Yorkshire Phoenix
23 Dougie Brown 29 October 1969 13[9] Right Right arm fast medium Warwickshire Bears
37 Gavin Hamilton 16 September 1974 18 Left Right arm medium fast / Scottish Saltires
10 Majid Haq 11 February 1983 10 Left Right arm off break Ferguslie
34 Paul Hoffmann 14 January 1970 12 Right Right arm medium fast Uddingston
21 Dougie Lockhart 19 January 1976 4 Right Right arm medium West of Scotland
8 Ross Lyons 8 December 1984 13 Left Slow left arm orthodox Clydesdale
25 Neil McCallum 22 November 1977 14 Right Grange
17 Dewald Nel 6 June 1980 5 Right Right arm medium fast Greenock
28 Navdeep Poonia 11 May 1986 8 Right Right arm medium fast Warwickshire Bears
18 Glenn Rogers 12 April 1977 4 Right Slow left arm orthodox Stenhousemuir
55 Colin Smith 27 September 1972 11 Right Wicket-keeper Aberdeenshire
27 Ryan Watson 12 November 1976 14 Right Right arm medium fast Forfarshire
12 Fraser Watts 5 June 1979 12 Right Greenock
South Africa[edit]
South Africa named their 15-man squad on 15 February.[10]
Coach: Mickey Arthur
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
15 Graeme Smith (c) 1 February 1981 103 Left Right arm off break Cape Cobras
14 Loots Bosman 14 April 1977 8 Right Right arm medium Eagles
9 Mark Boucher 3 December 1976 231 Right Wicket-keeper Warriors
17 AB de Villiers 17 February 1984 29 Right Right arm medium
Wicket-keeper Titans
07 Herschelle Gibbs 23 February 1974 198 Right Right arm medium Cape Cobras
99 Andrew Hall 31 July 1975 76 Right Right arm fast medium Dolphins
Kent Spitfires
3 Jacques Kallis 16 October 1975 242 Right Right arm fast medium Cape Cobras
6 Justin Kemp 2 October 1977 66 Right Right arm fast medium Titans
Kent Spitfires
67 Charl Langeveldt 17 December 1974 38 Right Right arm fast medium Lions
89 André Nel 15 July 1977 56 Right Right arm fast medium Titans
16 Makhaya Ntini 6 July 1977 143 Right Right arm fast Warriors
13 Robin Peterson 4 August 1979 33 Left Slow left arm orthodox Warriors
7 Shaun Pollock 16 July 1973 268 Right Right arm fast medium Dolphins
50[11] Ashwell Prince 28 May 1977 40 Left Left arm slow Cape Cobras
37 Roger Telemachus 27 March 1973 37 Right Right arm fast medium Eagles
Group B[edit]
Bangladesh[edit]
Bangladesh named their 15-man squad on 13 February.[12] Farhad Reza brought in for Tapash Baisya, 7 April.[13]
Coach: Dav Whatmore
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
7 Habibul Bashar (c) 17 August 1972 100 Right Right arm off break Khulna
41 Abdur Razzak 15 June 1982 38 Right Slow left arm orthodox Khulna
97 Aftab Ahmed 10 November 1985 55 Right Right arm medium Chittagong
76 Farhad Reza 16 June 1986 12 Right Right arm fast medium Rajshahi
5 Javed Omar 25 November 1976 53 Right Right arm leg break Dhaka
2 Mashrafe Mortaza 5 October 1983 56 Right Right arm fast medium Khulna
98 Mohammad Ashraful 9 September 1984 88 Right Right arm leg break Dhaka
77 Mohammad Rafique 5 September 1970 112 Left Slow left arm orthodox Dhaka
15 Mushfiqur Rahim 1 September 1988 11 Right Wicket-keeper Rajshahi
35 Rajin Saleh 20 November 1983 43 Right Right arm off break Sylhet
75 Shakib Al Hasan 24 March 1987 20 Left Slow left arm Khulna
59 Shahadat Hossain 7 August 1986 20 Right Right arm fast medium Dhaka
42 Shahriar Nafees 25 January 1986 41 Left Barisal
47 Syed Rasel 3 July 1984 19 Left Left arm medium fast Khulna
29 Tamim Iqbal 20 March 1989 4 Left Chittagong
19 Tapash Baisya 25 December 1982 55 Right Right arm fast medium Sylhet
Bermuda[edit]
Bermuda announced their 15-man squad on 13 February 2007.[14]
Coach: Gus Logie
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
Domestic team
21 Irving Romaine (c) 8 August 1972 19 Right Right arm off break Baileys Bay
29 Delyone Borden 4 March 1985 7 Right Right arm off break St. David's
32 Lionel Cann 3 October 1972 14 Right Right arm medium Southampton Rangers
4 David Hemp 8 November 1970 14 Left Right arm medium Glamorgan Dragons
26 Kevin Hurdle 30 December 1976 14 Right Right arm fast Young Men's Social Club
28 Malachi Jones 26 June 1989 8 Right Right arm medium fast Southampton Rangers
35 Stefan Kelly 24 August 1988 6 Right Right arm fast medium St. David's
99 Dwayne Leverock 14 July 1971 17 Right Slow left arm orthodox Southampton Rangers
30 Dean Minors 6 January 1970 17 Left Wicket-keeper Flatts Victoria
20 Saleem Mukuddem 20 January 1972 18 Right Right arm medium Western Stars
31 Steven Outerbridge 20 May 1983 8 Right Right arm off break Baileys Bay
33 Oliver Pitcher 27 May 1983 2 Right Right arm medium St. David's
11 Clay Smith 15 January 1971 11 Right Right arm off break Cleveland County
22 Janeiro Tucker 15 March 1975 18 Right Right arm medium Southampton Rangers
23 Kwame Tucker 28 September 1976 12 Right Wicket-keeper Southampton Rangers
India[edit]
India announced their final 15-man squad on 12 February 2007.[15]
Coach: Greg Chappell
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
19 Rahul Dravid (c) 11 January 1973 306 Right Right arm off break Karnataka
12 Yuvraj Singh (vc) 12 December 1981 163 Left Slow left arm orthodox Punjab
68 Ajit Agarkar 4 September 1977 180 Right Right arm fast medium Mumbai
7 M.S. Dhoni (wk) 7 July 1981 66 Right wicket-keeper Jharkhand
21 Sourav Ganguly 8 July 1972 285 Left Right arm medium Bengal
3 Harbhajan Singh 3 July 1980 147 Right Right arm off break Punjab
99 Dinesh Karthik 1 June 1985 13 Right Wicket-keeper Tamil Nadu
34 Zaheer Khan 7 October 1978 113 Right Left arm fast medium Mumbai
37 Anil Kumble 17 October 1970 268 Right Right arm leg break Karnataka
13 Munaf Patel 12 July 1983 17 Right Right arm medium fast Maharashtra
56 Irfan Pathan 27 October 1984 73 Left Left arm medium fast Baroda
2 Virender Sehwag 20 October 1978 160 Right Right arm off break Delhi
36 Sreesanth 6 February 1983 27 Right Right arm fast medium Kerala
10 Sachin Tendulkar 24 April 1973 381 Right Right arm leg break Mumbai
17 Robin Uthappa 11 November 1985 8 Right Right arm medium Karnataka
Sri Lanka[edit]
Sri Lanka announced their 15-man squad on 12 February 2007.[16]
Coach: Tom Moody
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
27 Mahela Jayawardene (c) 27 May 1977 234 Right Right arm medium Sinhalese SC
69 Russel Arnold 25 October 1973 169 Left Right arm off break Nondescripts CC
46 Marvan Atapattu 22 November 1970 268 Right Right arm leg break Sinhalese SC
72 Malinga Bandara 31 December 1979 23 Right Right arm leg break Ragama CC
18 Tillakaratne Dilshan 14 October 1976 109 Right Right arm off break Bloomfield C&AC
26 Dilhara Fernando 19 July 1979 105 Right Right arm fast medium Sinhalese SC
07 Sanath Jayasuriya 30 June 1969 378 Left Slow left arm orthodox Bloomfield C&AC
02 Nuwan Kulasekara 22 July 1982 17 Right Right arm fast medium Colts CC
28 Farveez Maharoof 7 September 1984 60 Right Right arm fast medium Bloomfield C&AC
99 Lasith Malinga 4 September 1983 28 Right Right arm fast Nondescripts CC
08 Muttiah Muralitharan 17 April 1972 280 Right Right arm off break Tamil Union C&AC
11 Kumar Sangakkara 27 October 1977 182 Left Wicket-keeper Nondescripts CC
05 Chamara Silva 14 December 1979 14 Right Right arm leg break Sebastianites C&AC
14 Upul Tharanga 2 February 1985 43 Left Nondescripts CC
22 Chaminda Vaas 27 January 1974 289 Left Left arm fast medium Colts CC
Group C[edit]
Canada[edit]
Canada named their 15-man squad on 14 February 2007.[17]
Coach: Andy Pick
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
Domestic team(s)
9 John Davison (c) 9 May 1970 22 Right Right arm off break Mosman
77 Qaiser Ali 20 December 1978 11 Right Right arm off break Adastrians
10 Ashish Bagai 26 January 1982 26 Right Wicket-keeper Toronto
84 Geoff Barnett 3 February 1984 6 Left Right arm medium Central Districts Stags
Meraloma
4 Umar Bhatti 4 January 1984 13 Left Left arm medium Victoria Park
3 Ian Billcliff 26 October 1972 10 Right Right arm medium University/Ellerslie
6 Desmond Chumney 8 January 1968 20 Right Right arm off break Victoria Park
15 Austin Codrington 22 August 1975 9 Right Right arm medium fast Victoria Park
7 George Codrington 26 November 1966 16 Right Right arm medium fast Victoria Park
99 Anderson Cummins 7 May 1966 10[18] Right Right arm fast medium Cavaliers
23 Sunil Dhaniram 17 October 1968 18 Left Slow left arm orthodox Cavaliers
80 Asif Mulla 5 May 1980 12 Right Wicket-keeper Yorkshire
17 Henry Osinde 17 October 1978 17 Right Right arm medium fast WICC
21 Abdool Samad 3 May 1979 16 Right Right arm off break Cavaliers
25 Kevin Sandher 16 July 1980 13 Right Slow left arm orthodox Meraloma
England[edit]
England announced their final 15-man squad at The Oval on 14 February 2007.[19] Jon Lewis was replaced by Stuart Broad on 4 April 2007 to enable him to attend to a personal situation (return home to his wife as she was experiencing complications in the latter stages of her pregnancy).[20]
Coach: Duncan Fletcher
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
County team
99 Michael Vaughan (c) 29 October 1974 77 Right Right arm off break Yorkshire Phoenix
9 James Anderson 30 July 1982 57 Left Right arm fast medium Lancashire Lightning
7 Ian Bell 11 April 1982 36 Right Right arm medium Warwickshire Bears
42 Ravi Bopara 4 May 1985 1 Right Right arm medium Essex Eagles
5 Paul Collingwood 26 May 1976 112 Right Right arm medium fast Durham Dynamos
34 Jamie Dalrymple 21 January 1981 24 Right Right arm off break Middlesex Crusaders
11 Andrew Flintoff 6 December 1977 112 Right Right arm fast Lancashire Lightning
36 Ed Joyce 22 September 1978 12 Left Right arm medium Middlesex Crusaders
18 Jon Lewis 26 August 1975 12 Right Right arm medium fast Gloucestershire Gladiators
19 Sajid Mahmood 21 December 1981 19 Right Right arm fast Lancashire Lightning
47 Paul Nixon 21 October 1970 10 Left Wicket-keeper Leicestershire Foxes
46 Monty Panesar 25 April 1982 9 Left Slow left arm orthodox Northamptonshire Steelbacks
24 Kevin Pietersen 27 June 1980 40 Right Right arm off break Hampshire Hawks
17 Liam Plunkett 6 April 1985 22 Right Right arm fast medium Durham Dynamos
14 Andrew Strauss 2 March 1977 74 Left Left arm medium Middlesex Crusaders
Replacement players
39 Stuart Broad 24 June 1986 5 Left Right arm fast medium Leicestershire Foxes
Kenya[edit]
Kenya named their 15-man squad on 13 February 2007.[21]
Coach: Roger Harper
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
Domestic team
5 Steve Tikolo (c) 25 June 1971 89 Right Right arm medium Swamibapa
07 Rajesh Bhudia 22 November 1984 0 Right Right arm medium Kanbis
11 Jimmy Kamande 12 December 1978 39 Right Right arm off break Parklands
89 Tanmay Mishra 22 December 1986 25 Right Right arm fast medium Aga Khan
13 Collins Obuya 27 July 1981 49 Right Right arm leg break Stray Lions
21 David Obuya 14 August 1979 41 Right Wicket-keeper Stray Lions
35 Nehemiah Odhiambo 7 August 1983 16 Right Right arm medium fast Swamibapa
00 Thomas Odoyo 12 May 1978 87 Right Right arm medium fast Kanbis
77 Peter Ongondo 10 February 1977 47 Right Right arm medium Swamibapa
75 Lameck Onyango 22 September 1973 9 Right Right arm medium Swamibapa
17 Morris Ouma 8 November 1982 23 Right Wicket-keeper Swamibapa
18 Malhar Patel 27 November 1983 3 Right Right arm medium Kanbis
4 Ravindu Shah 28 August 1972 53 Right Right arm medium Nairobi Gymkhana
09 Tony Suji 5 February 1976 53 Right Right arm medium Swamibapa
84 Hiren Varaiya 9 April 1984 15 Right Slow left arm orthodox Nairobi Gymkhana
New Zealand[edit]
New Zealand announced a preliminary squad on 14 January 2007,[22] and announced their 15-man squad on 13 February 2007.[23]
Daryl Tuffey was injured during the tournament; he was replaced by Chris Martin on 25 March.[24]
Lou Vincent was injured during the tournament; he was replaced by Hamish Marshall on 26 March.[25]
Coach: John Bracewell
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
7 Stephen Fleming (c) 1 April 1973 269 Left Right arm medium Wellington Firebirds
27 Shane Bond 7 June 1975 59 Right Right arm fast Canterbury Wizards
70 James Franklin 7 November 1980 56 Left Left arm fast medium Wellington Firebirds
50 Peter Fulton 1 February 1979 28 Right Right arm medium Canterbury Wizards
17 Mark Gillespie 17 October 1979 15 Right Right arm fast medium Wellington Firebirds
45 Michael Mason 27 August 1974 14 Right Right arm fast medium Central Districts Stags
42 Brendon McCullum 27 September 1981 104 Right medium fast Canterbury Wizards
10 Craig McMillan 13 September 1976 187 Right Right arm medium Canterbury Wizards
24 Jacob Oram 28 July 1978 93 Left Right arm medium Central Districts Stags
39 Jeetan Patel 7 May 1980 17 Right Right arm off break Wellington Firebirds
56 Scott Styris 10 July 1975 123 Right Right arm fast medium Auckland Aces
3 Ross Taylor 8 March 1984 18 Right Right arm off break Central Districts Stags
14 Daryl Tuffey 11 June 1978 79 Right Right arm fast medium Northern Districts Knights
11 Daniel Vettori 27 January 1979 187 Left Slow left arm orthodox Northern Districts Knights
40 Lou Vincent 11 November 1978 94 Right Right arm medium Auckland Aces
Replacement players
32 Chris Martin 10 December 1979 9 Right Right arm fast medium Auckland Aces
34 Hamish Marshall 15 February 1979 63 Right Right arm medium Northern Districts Knights
Group D[edit]
Ireland[edit]
Ireland named their squad in August 2006, the first country to do so, in order to assist the players in arranging work and training schedules.[26] Irish player Ed Joyce, who turned out for Ireland in qualifying matches, was in England's squad.
Coach: Adrian Birrell
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
Domestic team
23 Trent Johnston (c) 29 April 1974 7 Right Right arm fast medium Clontarf
21 Andre Botha 12 September 1975 8 Left Right arm medium North County
03 Jeremy Bray 30 November 1973 6 Left Eglinton
26 Kenny Carroll 22 March 1983 2 Right Slow left arm chinaman Railway Union
05 Peter Gillespie 11 May 1974 4 Right Right arm medium Strabane
76 Dave Langford-Smith 7 December 1976 7 Right Right arm fast medium Phoenix
07 Kyle McCallan 27 August 1975 8 Right Right arm off break Waringstown
10 John Mooney 10 February 1982 6 Left Right arm medium North County
32 Paul Mooney 15 October 1976 3 Right Right arm medium North County
50 Eoin Morgan 10 September 1986 6 Left Right arm fast medium Middlesex Crusaders
22 Kevin O'Brien 4 March 1984 7 Right Right arm medium fast Railway Union
00 Niall O'Brien 8 November 1981 7 Right Wicket-keeper Northamptonshire Steelbacks
34 William Porterfield 6 September 1984 7 Left Rush
30 Boyd Rankin 5 July 1984 1 Right Right arm medium fast Derbyshire Phantoms
12 Andrew White 3 July 1980 8 Right Right arm off break Northamptonshire Steelbacks
Pakistan[edit]
Pakistan announced a preliminary squad on 10 January 2007,[27] and the final 15-man squad on 13 February 2007.[28] Both Shoaib Akhtar and Mohammad Asif were included, despite their ongoing doping case, where the Pakistan Cricket Board had first banned them before a tribunal reprieved the two. In a twist of fate, both players were replaced by Mohammad Sami and Yasir Arafat on 1 March due to knee and elbow injuries respectively.[29]
Pakistan had already made one change due to injury: Azhar Mahmood joined the squad in place of Abdul Razzaq, who suffered a knee injury during a practice session on 26 February.[30]
Coach: Bob Woolmer (died during tournament) and Mushtaq Ahmed (acting coach)[31]
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team(s)
8 Inzamam-ul-Haq (c) 3 March 1970 372 Right Slow left arm orthodox WAPDA/Multan
11 Azhar Mahmood 28 February 1975 142 Right Right arm fast medium HBL/Islamabad
Surrey Lions
99 Danish Kaneria 16 December 1980 16 Right Right arm leg break HBL/Karachi Harbour
16 Imran Nazir 31 December 1981 65 Right Right arm leg break NBP/Sialkot
23 Kamran Akmal 13 January 1982 62 Right Wicket-keeper NBP/Lahore Ravi
88 Mohammad Hafeez 17 October 1980 44 Right Right arm off break SNGPL/Faisalabad
7 Mohammad Sami 24 February 1981 79 Right Right arm fast NBP/Karachi
13 Mohammad Yousuf 27 August 1974 229 Right Right arm slow WAPDA/Lahore Ravi
24 Rana Naved-ul-Hasan 28 February 1978 61 Right Right arm medium fast WAPDA/Sialkot
Sussex Sharks
21 Rao Iftikhar 1 December 1980 26 Right Right arm medium ZTBL/Islamabad
10 Shahid Afridi 1 March 1980 232 Right Right arm leg break HBL/Karachi Harbour
18 Shoaib Malik 1 February 1982 134 Right Right arm off break PIA/Sialkot
55 Umar Gul 14 April 1984 25 Right Right arm fast medium HBL/Peshawar
27 Yasir Arafat 12 March 1982 7 Right Right arm medium KRL/Rawalpindi
Sussex Sharks
75 Younis Khan 29 November 1977 148 Right Right arm leg break HBL/Peshawar
West Indies[edit]
West Indies named their squad on 15 February 2007.[32]
Coach: Bennett King
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
9 Brian Lara (c) 2 May 1969 286 Left Right arm leg break googly Trinidad and Tobago
46 Ian Bradshaw 9 July 1974 59 Left Left arm fast medium Barbados
47 Dwayne Bravo 7 October 1983 59 Right Right arm medium fast Trinidad and Tobago
Kent Spitfires
6 Shivnarine Chanderpaul 18 August 1974 208 Left Right arm leg break Guyana
32 Corey Collymore 21 December 1977 77 Right Right arm fast medium Barbados
45 Chris Gayle 21 September 1979 156 Left Right arm off break Jamaica
55 Kieron Pollard 12 May 1987 0 Right Right arm medium Trinidad and Tobago
39 Daren Powell 15 April 1978 15 Right Right arm fast medium Jamaica
80 Denesh Ramdin 13 March 1985 22 Right Wicket-keeper Trinidad and Tobago
52 Marlon Samuels 5 February 1981 83 Right Right arm off break Jamaica
53 Ramnaresh Sarwan 23 June 1980 115 Right Right arm leg break Guyana
54 Lendl Simmons 25 January 1985 6 Right Right arm medium fast Trinidad and Tobago
28 Devon Smith 21 October 1981 10 Left Right arm off break Windward Islands
50 Dwayne Smith 12 April 1983 59 Right Right arm medium Barbados
75 Jerome Taylor 22 June 1984 28 Right Right arm fast Jamaica
Zimbabwe[edit]
Zimbabwe's 15 man squad was announced on 14 February; only one player remains from the 2003 squad.[33]
Coach: Kevin Curran
No.
Player
Date of Birth
ODIs[4]
Batting
Bowling style
First-class team
52 Prosper Utseya (c) 26 March 1985 59 Right Right arm off break Manicaland
12 Gary Brent 13 January 1976 57 Right Right arm medium fast Manicaland
33 Justice Chibhabha 6 September 1986 22 Right Right arm medium Mashonaland
47 Elton Chigumbura 14 March 1986 53 Right Right arm medium Manicaland
17 Keith Dabengwa 17 August 1980 12 Left Slow left arm orthodox Matabeleland
72 Terry Duffin 20 March 1982 22 Left Right arm medium Matabeleland
88 Anthony Ireland 30 August 1984 25 Right Right arm medium Midlands
10 Friday Kasteni 25 March 1988 1 Left Wicket-keeper Midlands
45 Stuart Matsikenyeri 3 May 1983 60 Right Right arm off break Manicaland
28 Christopher Mpofu 27 November 1985 18 Right Right arm medium Matabeleland
53 Tawanda Mupariwa 16 April 1985 19 Right Right arm fast medium Matabeleland
23 Ed Rainsford 14 December 1984 23 Right Right arm fast medium Midlands
26 Vusi Sibanda 10 October 1983 46 Right Right arm medium Midlands
1 Brendan Taylor 6 February 1983 60 Right Wicket-keeper Mashonaland
14 Sean Williams 26 September 1986 13 Left Slow left arm orthodox Matabeleland
References[edit]
Jump up ^ New Zealand's preliminary squad, from Cricinfo, 14 January 2007
Jump up ^ Tait and Haddin in World Cup squad, from Cricinfo, 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ Lee out of World Cup, from Cricinfo, 23 February 2007
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Number of ODIs played up until the start of the World Cup on 13 March 2007. Numbers only include appearances for the player's national side. Appearances for ACA African XI, ACC Asian XI, ICC World XI or for a previous national team are not counted here.
Jump up ^ "Netherlands named unchanged squad". Cricinfo. 13 February 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2006.
Jump up ^ Dutch name squad for Nairobi, Rod Lyall, CricketEurope, 19 December 2006
Jump up ^ Scotland name experienced World Cup squad, from Cricinfo, 30 August 2006
Jump up ^ Scotland stick with winning squad, from Cricinfo, 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ Brown also played 9 ODIs for England.
Jump up ^ South Africa stick with winning 15 15 February 2007
Jump up ^ Prince's number is actually printed on his back as "5+0". The number "5" shirt is not used as it previously belonged to Hansie Cronje [1].
Jump up ^ Mashud left out of Bangladesh squad, from Cricinfo. Retrieved 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ Baisya ruled out of World Cup, from Cricinfo
Jump up ^ Few surprises in Bermuda squad, from Cricinfo, 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ Sehwag and Pathan included in squad from Cricinfo, 12 February 2007
Jump up ^ Vaas and Murali return for World Cup from Cricinfo, 12 February 2007
Jump up ^ Canada call up Billcliff and Barnett, from Cricinfo, 14 February 2007
Jump up ^ Cummins also played 63 ODIs for the West Indies.
Jump up ^ Vaughan captains World Cup squad, from BBC Sport, 14 February 2007
Jump up ^ "Broad called up for Lewis". Cricinfo. 4 April 2007. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
Jump up ^ Kenya stick with winning side, from Cricinfo, 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ BLACKCAPS squad named for World Cup[permanent dead link], from the official NZ Cricket site
Jump up ^ Tuffey seals spot as World Cup bolter, from Cricinfo, 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ ICC approve Martin as Tuffey's replacement, from Cricinfo, 25 March 2007
Jump up ^ Vincent to miss rest of World Cup, from Cricinfo, 26 March 2007
Jump up ^ Ireland name World Cup squad, from Cricinfo, 25 August 2006
Jump up ^ Pakistan include Shoaib and Asif, from Cricinfo. Retrieved 11 January 2007
Jump up ^ Shoaib, Asif and Gul in World Cup squad, from Cricinfo, 13 February 2007
Jump up ^ Shoaib and Asif to miss World Cup, from BBC sport online, 1 March 2007
Jump up ^ Knee injury forces Razzaq out of World Cup, from Cricinfo, 27 February 2007
Jump up ^ Woolmer: Inzamam and Mushtaq grilled, CNN. Retrieved 4 April 2007
Jump up ^ Samuels makes West Indies squad Cricinfo 15 February 2007
Jump up ^ Kasteni included by Zimbabwe, Cricinfo. Retrieved 13 January 2007
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text:
Arch dam
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Katse Dam, a 185m high concrete arch dam in Lesotho.
The Morrow Point Dam is a double-curvature arch dam.
An arch dam is a concrete dam that is curved upstream in plan.[1] The arch dam is designed so that the force of the water against it, known as hydrostatic pressure, presses against the arch, compressing and strengthening the structure as it pushes into its foundation or abutments. An arch dam is most suitable for narrow canyons or gorges with steep walls of stable rock to support the structure and stresses.[2] Since they are thinner than any other dam type, they require much less construction material, making them economical and practical in remote areas.
Contents
1 Classification
2 History
3 Design
3.1 Loads
4 Types of Arch Dam
5 Examples of arch dams
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Classification[edit]
In general, arch dams are classified based on the ratio of the base thickness to the structural height (b/h) as:[1]
Thin, for b/h less than 0.2,
Medium-thick, for b/h between 0.2 and 0.3, and
Thick, for b/h ratio over 0.3.
Arch dams classified with respect to their structural height are:[1]
Low dams up to 100 feet (30 m),
Medium high dams between 100–300 ft (30–91 m),
High dams over 300 ft (91 m).
History[edit]
Shāh Abbās Arch near Kurit Dam – 14th century
The development of arch dams throughout history began with the Romans in the 1st century BC and after several designs and techniques were developed, relative uniformity was achieved in the 20th century. The first known arch dam, the Glanum Dam, also known as the Vallon de Baume Dam, was built by the Romans in France and it dates back to the 1st century BC.[3][4][5] The dam was about 12 metres (39 ft) high and 18 metres (59 ft) in length. Its radius was about 14 m (46 ft), and it consisted of two masonry walls. The Romans built it to supply nearby Glanum with water.
The Monte Novo Dam in Portugal was another early arch dam built by the Romans in 300 AD. It was 5.7 metres (19 ft) high and 52 m long (171 ft), with a radius of 19 m (62 ft). The curved ends of the dam met with two winged walls that were later supported by two buttresses. The dam also contained two water outlets to drive mills downstream.[6]
The Dara Dam was another arch dam built by the Romans in which the historian Procopius would write of its design: "This barrier was not built in a straight line, but was bent into the shape of a crescent, so that the curve, by lying against the current of the river, might be able to offer still more resistance to the force of the stream."[3]
The Mongols also built arch dams in modern-day Iran. Their earliest was the Kebar Dam built around 1300, which was 26 m (85 ft) high and 55 m (180 ft) long, and had a radius of 35 m (115 ft). Their second dam was built around 1350 and is called the Kurit Dam. After 4 m (13 ft) was added to the dam in 1850, it became 64 m (210 ft) tall and remained the tallest dam in the world until the early 20th century. The Kurit Dam was of masonry design and built in a very narrow canyon. The canyon was so narrow that its crest length is only 44% of its height. The dam is still erect, even though part of its lower downstream face fell off.[4]
The Elche Dam in Elche, Spain was a post-medieval arch dam built in the 1630s by Joanes del Temple and the first in Europe since the Romans. The dam was 26 metres (85 ft) high and 75 metres (246 ft) long, and had a radius of 62 metres (203 ft). This arch dam also rests on winged walls that served as abutments.[4]
In the 20th century, the world's first variable-radius arch dam was built on the Salmon Creek near Juneau, Alaska. The Salmon Creek Dam's upstream face bulged upstream, which relieved pressure on the stronger, curved lower arches near the abutments. The dam also had a larger toe, which off-set pressure on the upstream heel of the dam, which now curved more downstream. The technology and economical benefits of the Salmon Creek Dam allowed for larger and taller dam designs. The dam was, therefore, revolutionary, and similar designs were soon adopted around the world, in particular by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.[4]
The Enguri Dam in the Caucasas of Georgia.
Pensacola Dam, completed in the state of Oklahoma in 1940, was considered the longest multiple arch dam in the United States. Designed by W. R. Holway, it has 51 arches. and a maximum height of 150 ft (46 m) above the river bed. The total length of the dam and its sections is 6,565 ft (2,001 m) while the multiple-arch section is 4,284 ft (1,306 m) long and its combination with the spillway sections measure 5,145 ft (1,568 m). Each arch in the dam has a clear span of 60 ft (18 m) and each buttress is 24 ft (7.3 m) wide.[7]
Arch dam designs would continue to test new limits and designs such as the double- and multiple-curve. The Swiss engineer Alfred Stucky and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation would develop a method of weight and stress distribution in the 1960s, and arch dam construction in the United States would see its last surge then with dams like the 143-meter double-curved Morrow Point Dam in Colorado, completed in 1968.[8] By the late 20th century, arch dam design reached a relative uniformity in design around the world.[4] Currently, the tallest arch dam in the world is the 305 metres (1,001 ft) Jingpin-I Dam in China, which was completed in 2013.[9] The longest multiple arch with buttress dam in the world is the Daniel-Johnson Dam in Quebec, Canada. It is 214 meters (702 ft) high and 1,314 meters (4,311 ft) long across its crest. It was completed in 1968 and put in service in 1970.[10]
Pensacola Dam was one of the last multiple arch types built in the United States. Its NRHP application states that this was because three dams of this type failed: (1) Gem Lake Dam, St. Francis Dam (California), Lake Hodges Dam (California). None of these failures were inherently caused by the multiple arch design.[7]
Design[edit]
The design of an arch dam is a very complex process. It starts with an initial dam layout, that is continually improved until the design objectives are achieved within the design criteria.[1][11]
Loads[edit]
The main loads for which an arch dam is designed are:[1][11]
Dead load
Hydrostatic load generated by the reservoir and the tailwater
Temperature load
Earthquake load
Other miscellaneous loads that affect a dam include: ice and silt loads, and uplift pressure.[1] [11]
The Idukki Dam in Kerala,India.
Most often, the arch dam is made of concrete and placed in a "V"-shaped valley. The foundation or abutments for an arch dam must be very stable and proportionate to the concrete. There are two basic designs for an arch dam: constant-radius dams, which have constant radius of curvature, and variable-radius dams, which have both upstream and downstream curves that systematically decrease in radius below the crest. A dam that is double-curved in both its horizontal and vertical planes may be called a dome dam. Arch dams with more than one contiguous arch or plane are described as multiple-arch dams. Early examples include the Roman Esparragalejo Dam with later examples such as the Daniel-Johnson Dam (1968) and Itaipu Dam (1982). However, as a result of the failure of the Gleno Dam shortly after it was constructed in 1923, the construction of new multiple arch dams has become less popular.[12]
Contraction joints are normally placed every 20 m in the arch dam and are later filled with grout after the control cools and cures.[13]
Types of Arch Dam[edit]
On the basis of shape for the face of the arch dam; we can divide arch dams into three basic types :-
Constant Radii Arch Dam
Variable Radii Arch Dam
Constant Angle Arch Dam
In Constant Radii Arch Dam, the upstream face of the dam has a constant radius making it a linear shape face throughout the height of the dam. But the inner curves their radius reduces as we move down from top elevation to bottom and thus in cross-section it makes a shape of a triangle.[14]
For Variable arch dam, the radius of both inner and outer faces of the dam arch varies from bottom to top. The radius of the arch is greatest at the top and lowest at lower elevations. The central angle of the arch is also widened as we move upside.
The third type of the arch dam which is constant angle arch dam, is the most economical. However, for the third type of arch dam stronger foundation is required as it involves overhangs at the abutment sections. The constant angle arch dam is that in which the central angles of the horizontal arch rings are of the same magnitude at all elevations.
Examples of arch dams[edit]
El Atazar Dam, near Madrid
Buchanan Dam (example of multiple-arch type)
Contra Dam
Daniel-Johnson Dam
Deriner Dam
El Atazar Dam
Enguri Dam (world's second highest)
Flaming Gorge Dam
Glen Canyon Dam
Hartbeespoort Dam
Idukki Dam
Kariba Dam
Karun-3 Dam
Luzzone Dam
Mauvoisin Dam
Mratinje Dam
Pensacola Dam
St. Francis Dam
Victoria Dam
Xiluodu Dam
See also[edit]
Arch-gravity dam
Gravity dam
Parabolic arch
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Design of Arch Dams - Design Manual for Concrete Arch Dams, Denver Colorado: Bureau of Reclamation, 1977
Jump up ^ "Arch Dam Forces". Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 2007-02-05.
^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Norman (1971), A History of Dams, London: Peter Davies, ISBN 0-432-15090-0
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Key Developments in the History of Arch Dams". Cracking Dams. SimScience. Archived from the original on July 28, 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2010. from archive.org
Jump up ^ D.Patrick JAMES, Hubert CHANSON. "Historical Development of Arch Dams. From Cut-Stone Arches to Modern Concrete Designs". Barrages.org. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
Jump up ^ Chaason, Hubert. "EXTREME RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION IN AUSTRALIA: A REVIEW" (PDF). Resources Journal. p. 101. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b " National Register of Historic Places. Pensacola Dam". Accessed January 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Arch Dam Design Concepts and Criteria". Durham University. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
Jump up ^ "The world's highest arch dam Jinping first production unit" (in Chinese). Economic Times Network. 2 September 2013. Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Guimont, Andréanne (3 August 2010). "Manic 5 : colossal témoin du génie québécois en hydroélectricité". suite101.fr. Archived from the original on 17 August 2010. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c Arch Dam Design - Engineering Manual EM 1110-2-2201, Washington DC: U.S.Army Corps of Engineers, 1994
Jump up ^ Herzog, Max A. M. (1999). Practical Dam Analysis. London: Thomas Telford Publishing. pp. 115, 119–126. ISBN 3-8041-2070-9.
Jump up ^ "Contraction Joints". Arch Dams. Durham University. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
Jump up ^ "What is an Arch Dam? Types, Advantages and Theory - Iamcivilengineer". Iamcivilengineer. 2017-03-05. Retrieved 2018-07-29.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arch dams.
PBS.org: Dam Basics
Historical Development of Arch Dams. From Cut-Stone Arches to Modern Concrete Designs
Key Developments in the History of Arch Dams, from archive.org
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arch_dam&oldid=854279237"
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text:
I Write Sins Not Tragedies
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
Single by Panic! at the Disco
from the album A Fever You Can't Sweat Out
Released
February 27, 2006 (2006-02-27)
Format
CD
7"
Recorded
August 2005
Genre
Pop punk[1][2]
emo[1][3]
baroque pop[4]
pop rock[4]
alternative rock[5]
Length
3:06
Label
Fueled by Ramen
Decaydance
Songwriter(s)
Ryan Ross
Brendon Urie
Spencer Smith
Producer(s)
Matt Squire
Panic! at the Disco singles chronology
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage"
(2005) "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
(2006) "But It's Better If You Do"
(2006)
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage"
(2005) "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
(2006) "But It's Better If You Do"
(2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is a song by American rock band Panic! at the Disco, and is the second single from their debut studio album, A Fever You Can't Sweat Out (2005). It was released on April 27, 2006 on both CD and 7" vinyl. The pizzicato cello motif that the song is built upon was played by session musician Heather Stebbins. The song reached No. 7 on the United States Billboard Hot 100. This was the band's only top forty hit until the release of "Hallelujah" in 2015. While the song failed to hit the top 10 on the Alternative Songs chart peaking at No. 12 which was lower than their prior single, "The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" which peaked at No. 5, the song's success on the Hot 100 and Mainstream Top 40 (at No. 2) charts was what made the song one of the biggest modern rock hits of 2006 and is still one of the band's most played songs on alternative radio stations to this day.[6]
In the UK, the song was released on February 27, 2006 as a limited edition single with a free sticker. Because the sticker was included with the CD single, the song was not eligible for the UK Singles Chart. Official Charts Company rules state that stickers are not allowed in single releases. Later, in September 2006, due to the popularity of the track and following further single releases there of "Lying Is the Most Fun a Girl Can Have Without Taking Her Clothes Off" and "But It's Better If You Do", going top 40 there, the single was re-released on October 30, 2006. Despite receiving significant radio airplay upon its re-release, the single only reached No. 25 in the UK Singles Chart.[7]
Many U.S. radio stations, in response to the language found in the song, wanted an edited version. The lyrics "The poor groom's bride is a whore" and "Haven't you people ever heard of closing a goddamn door?" were changed by replacing "whore" with a "shhh" sound and removing "god" in "goddamn". Some stations — generally modern rock stations – still play the original version.[8]
The song was covered by Fall Out Boy, fellow Decaydance band, for their live album, ****: Live in Phoenix. (Fall Out Boy commonly uses the song's chorus as a lead-in to "This Ain't a Scene, It's an Arms Race" in concert.)[9]
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" was ranked No. 3 in Billboard's Best 2000's Video poll.[10]
Contents
[hide]
1 Title
2 Music video
3 Track listing
4 Charts and certifications
4.1 Weekly charts
4.2 Year-end charts
4.3 Certifications
5 References
6 External links
Title[edit]
The title of the song refers to Douglas Coupland's novel Shampoo Planet, wherein the main character, Tyler Johnson, says: "I am writing a list of tragic character flaws on my dollar bills with a felt pen. I am thinking of the people in my universe and distilling for each of these people the one flaw in their character that will be their downfall — the flaw that will be their undoing. What I write are not sins; I write tragedies."[11]
Music video[edit]
Brendon Urie and Daniel Isaac in the music video.
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" is Panic! at the Disco's first single to have a music video. ("The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" was the first single, but no video was filmed.) The video for the song takes place at a strange, circus-themed wedding played by the Lucent Dossier Vaudeville Cirque.
The video starts as the bride, played by Jessie Preston, and groom, Daniel Isaac McGuffey, are about to be married. Her family dress and behave formally, but are revealed later to have fallen asleep and have eyes painted on their eyelids. His family are lower-class entertainers and carnival folk, and interrupt the wedding. The ringmaster, played by vocalist Brendon Urie, acts as narrator and disrupts the events. After an argument between the two families, the bride runs out and is followed by one of her guests. The ringmaster drags the groom outside by his tie, where his fiancée is kissing the guest who followed her out of the church. The groom straightens up, looking shocked, and Urie and the groom bow to the camera. The ringmaster is revealed to be the groom's alter ego.[12]
The music video by director Shane Drake won the award for Video of the Year during the 2006 MTV Video Music Awards. This marked the first occasion since the 1989 VMAs that the winner of Video of the Year did not win anything else. The video was also ranked No. 7 on VH1's list of the Top 100 Videos of 2006.[13]
The video was shot in December 2005. According to vocalist Brendon Urie, he and guitarist Ryan Ross suffered from the flu while filming the video clip.[14] In August 2011, the video won Best VMA Winning Video of All Time, in a worldwide poll on MTV's website.[15]
Track listing[edit]
UK 7" poster bag (February 2006)
A. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
UK CD single (February 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"Nails for Breakfast, Tacks for Snacks" (demo version)
WMI CD single (May 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" – 3:10
"Nails for Breakfast, Tacks for Snacks" (demo version) – 3:57
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" (Tommie Sunshine Brooklyn Fire Remix) – 5:04
Panic! at the Disco – "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
30-second sample from Panic! at the Disco "I Write Sins Not Tragedies", from the album A Fever You Can't Sweat Out.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
UK CD single (October 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"Karma Police" (Live in Denver)
UK 7" gatefold sleeve (October 2006)
A. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
B. "But It's Better If You Do" (Live from Glasgow)
UK 7" picture disc (October 2006)
A. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
B. "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (Live in Denver)
Enhanced CD single (October 2006)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"Nails for Breakfast, Tacks for Snacks" (demo version)
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage" (Tommie Sunshine Brooklyn Fire Remix)
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (video)
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2006)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[16]
12
Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[17]
12
Germany (Official German Charts)[18]
66
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[19]
29
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[20]
45
Ireland (IRMA)[21]
50
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[22]
5
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[23]
23
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[24]
25
US Billboard Hot 100[25]
7
US Alternative Songs (Billboard)[26]
12
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[27]
16
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[28]
2
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2006)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[29]
50
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[30]
247
US Billboard Hot 100[31]
20
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[32]
Gold 400,000
United States (RIAA)[33]
4× Platinum 4,000,000
Ringtone
United States (RIAA)[34]
Gold 500,000^
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Tamsyn Wilce. "Track by track: Panic! At The Disco – Too Weird To Live, Too Rare To Die". gigwise.com.
Jump up ^ Rose, Ethan. "Best Early 2000s Pop Punk Songs". Rant Hollywood. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Panic! At the Disco's 'This Is Gospel' review: Unstoppable". September 2, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Stanton, Elleah (2016). "Panic! at the disco I write sins not tragedies analysis". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ Crane, Matt (September 25, 2015). "Vinyl Theatre cover Panic! At The Disco's "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (exclusive)". Alternative press. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Billboard". Retrieved 24 December 2015.
Jump up ^ name=theodysseyonline> Wiener, Robert (2016). "10 Facts About Panic! At The Disco". theodysseyonline. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ name=Songfacts> "I WRITE SINS NOT TRAGEDIES by PANIC! AT THE DISCO". Songfacts. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ "I Write Sins Not Tragedies by Panic! At the Disco". secondhandsongs.
Jump up ^ name=theodysseyonline> Wiener, Robert (2016). "10 Facts About Panic! At The Disco". theodysseyonline. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ name=Songfacts> "I WRITE SINS NOT TRAGEDIES by PANIC! AT THE DISCO". Songfacts. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ video documenting the making of the music video on YouTube
Jump up ^ Watch the latest Music Video by Shakira from Oral Fixation, Vol. 2 | See Hips Don't Lie (featuring Wyclef Jean) Online|VH1.com
Jump up ^ "Panic! at the Disco - Interview 2006". Retrieved 2006-12-17.
Jump up ^ John Mitchell (2011-08-24). "Poll: Best VMA-Winning Video Of The Year Of All Time". MTV. Retrieved Feb 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (in Dutch). Ultratip.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – Panic! at the Disco Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Panic! at the Disco" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Chart Track: Week 44, 2006". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco Chart History (Alternative Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Panic at the Disco Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts - End Of Year Charts - Top 100 Singles 2006". Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "End of Year 2006" (PDF). UKChartsPlus. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Hot 100 Songs: Year End 2006". Billboard. Retrieved September 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Panic at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". British Phonographic Industry. Enter I Write Sins Not Tragedies in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Panic! at the Disco – I Write Sins Not Tragedies". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved August 12, 2013. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
External links[edit]
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies" Official music video on YouTube
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[show]
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Pretty. Odd.
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Death of a Bachelor
Pray for the Wicked
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...Live in Chicago
All My Friends We're Glorious
Singles
"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage"
"I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
"But It's Better If You Do"
"Lying Is the Most Fun a Girl Can Have Without Taking Her Clothes Off"
"Build God, Then We'll Talk"
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"Mad as Rabbits"
"That Green Gentleman (Things Have Changed)"
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"The Ballad of Mona Lisa"
"Ready to Go (Get Me Out of My Mind)"
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Summer Tour 2016
Death of a Bachelor Tour
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Related articles
Band members
Discography
List of songs recorded
The Young Veins
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2000
Eminem — "The Real Slim Shady"
2001
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2002
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2003
Missy Elliott — "Work It"
2004
OutKast — "Hey Ya!"
2005
Green Day — "Boulevard of Broken Dreams"
2006
Panic! at the Disco — "I Write Sins Not Tragedies"
2007
Rihanna (featuring Jay-Z) — "Umbrella"
2008
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2009
Beyoncé — "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)"
Complete list
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I_Write_Sins_Not_Tragedies&oldid=843214664"
Categories:
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Genetic variation
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Part of a series on
Evolutionary biology
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Population genetics
Variation
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v
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Darwin's finches or Galapagos finches.[1]
Genetic variation means that biological systems – individuals and populations – are different over space. Each gene pool includes various alleles of genes.[2] The variation occurs both within and among populations, supported by individual carriers of the variant genes.
Genetic variation is brought about, fundamentally, by mutation, which is a permanent change in the chemical structure of chromosomes. Genetic recombination also produces changes within alleles.
Contents
[hide]
1 Among individuals within a population
2 Between populations
3 Measurement
4 Sources
5 Forms
6 Maintenance in populations
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Among individuals within a population[edit]
Genetic variation among individuals within a population can be identified at a variety of levels. It is possible to identify genetic variation from observations of phenotypic variation in either quantitative traits (traits that vary continuously and are coded for by many genes (e.g., leg length in dogs)) or discrete traits (traits that fall into discrete categories and are coded for by one or a few genes (e.g., white, pink, red petal color in certain flowers)).
Genetic variation can also be identified by examining variation at the level of enzymes using the process of protein electrophoresis. Polymorphic genes have more than one allele at each locus. Half of the genes that code for enzymes in insects and plants may be polymorphic, whereas polymorphisms are less common among vertebrates.
Ultimately, genetic variation is caused by variation in the order of bases in the nucleotides in genes. New technology now allows scientists to directly sequence DNA which has identified even more genetic variation than was previously detected by protein electrophoresis. Examination of DNA has shown genetic variation in both coding regions and in the non-coding intron region of genes.
Genetic variation will result in phenotypic variation if variation in the order of nucleotides in the DNA sequence results in a difference in the order of amino acids in proteins coded by that DNA sequence, and if the resultant differences in amino acid sequence influence the shape, and thus the function of the enzyme.
Between populations[edit]
Geographic variation means genetic differences in populations from different locations. This is caused by natural selection or genetic drift.
Measurement[edit]
Genetic variation within a population is commonly measured as the percentage of gene loci that are polymorphic or the percentage of gene loci in individuals that are heterozygous.
Sources[edit]
A range of variability in the mussel Donax variabilis
Random mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. Mutations are likely to be rare and most mutations are neutral or deleterious, but in some instances, the new alleles can be favored by natural selection.
Polyploidy is an example of chromosomal mutation. Polyploidy is a condition wherein organisms have three or more sets of genetic variation (3n or more).
Crossing over and random segregation during meiosis can result in the production of new alleles or new combinations of alleles. Furthermore, random fertilization also contributes to variation.
Variation and recombination can be facilitated by transposable genetic elements, endogenous retroviruses, LINEs, SINEs, etc.
For a given genome of a multicellular organism, genetic variation may be acquired in somatic cells or inherited through the germline.
Forms[edit]
Genetic variation can be divided into different forms according to the size and type of genomic variation underpinning genetic change. Small-scale sequence variation (< 1Kbp) includes base-pair substitution and indels.[3] Large-scale Structural variation (>1Kbp) can be either copy number variation (loss or gain), or chromosomal rearrangement (translocation, inversion, or Segmental acquired uniparental disomy).[3] Genetic variation and recombination by transposable elements and endogenous retroviruses sometimes is supplemented by a variety of persistent viruses and their defectives which generate genetic novelty in host genomes. Numerical variation in whole chromosomes or genomes can be either polyploidy or aneuploidy.
Maintenance in populations[edit]
A variety of factors maintain genetic variation in populations. Potentially harmful recessive alleles can be hidden from selection in the heterozygous individuals in populations of diploid organisms (recessive alleles are only expressed in the less common homozygous individuals). Natural selection can also maintain genetic variation in balanced polymorphisms. Balanced polymorphisms may occur when heterozygotes are favored or when selection is frequency dependent.
See also[edit]
Genetic diversity
Genetic variability
Human genetic variation
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Darwin, 1845. Journal of researches into the natural history and geology of the countries visited during the voyage of H.M.S. Beagle round the world, under the Command of Capt. Fitz Roy, R.N. 2d edition.
Jump up ^ "Molecular genetics". Biology Online. Retrieved January 03, 2018. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b Lars Feuk, Andrew R. Carson & Stephen W. Scherer (February 2006). "Structural variation in the human genome". Nature Reviews Genetics. 7 (2): 85–97. doi:10.1038/nrg1767. PMID 16418744.
Further reading[edit]
Mayr E. (1970): Populations, species, and evolution – An abridgment of Animal species and evolution. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England, ISBN 0-674-69013-3.
Dobzhansky T. (1970): Genetics of the evolutionary process. Columbia, New York, ISBN 0-231-02837-7.
McGinley, Mark; J. Emmett Duffy (ed). 2008. "Genetic variation." In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Washington, D.C.: National Council for Science and the Environment.
"Genetic Variation" in Griffiths, A.J.F. Modern Genetic Analysis, Vol 2., p. 7
"How is Genetic Variation Maintained in Populations" in Sadava, D. et al. Life: The Science of Biology, p. 456
Nevo, E.; Beiles, A. "Genetic variation in nature". Scholarpedia, 6(7):8821. doi:10.4249/scholarpedia.8821
Hedrick P. (2011): Genetics of populations. Jones & Bartlett Learning, ISBN 978-0-7637-5737-3.
Rieger R. Michaelis A., Green M. M. (1976): Glossary of genetics and cytogenetics: Classical and molecular. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg - New York, ISBN 3-540-07668-9; ISBN 0-387-07668-9.
Griffiths, A. J. F. (1999). An Introduction to genetic analysis. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, ISBN 0-7167-3520-2.
Cavalli-Sforza L. L., Bodmer W. F. (1999): The genetics of human populations. Dover, Mineola, New York, ISBN 0-486-40693-8.
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Genetic variation
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