text:
Winter Madness
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Winter Madness"
30 Rock episode
Episode no.
Season 4
Episode 11
Directed by
Beth McCarthy-Miller
Written by
Tom Ceraulo
Vali Chandrasekaran
Production code
411
Original air date
January 21, 2010
Guest appearance(s)
Ray Bokhour as Dale Snitterman
Cheyenne Jackson as Danny Baker
Kevin Meaney as actor playing John Hancock
Julianne Moore as Nancy Donovan
Episode chronology
← Previous
"Black Light Attack!" Next →
"Verna"
30 Rock (season 4)
List of 30 Rock episodes
"Winter Madness" is the eleventh episode of the fourth season of the American television comedy series 30 Rock, and the 69th overall episode of the series. The episode was written by Tom Ceraulo and Vali Chandrasekaran, and directed by Beth McCarthy-Miller. It originally aired on the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) in the United States on January 21, 2010. Guest stars in this episode include Ray Bokhour, Cheyenne Jackson, Kevin Meaney, and Julianne Moore.
In the episode, when head writer Liz Lemon (Tina Fey) decides to take the fictitious show The Girlie Show with Tracy Jordan (TGS) on the road to cure the staff's case of the winter madness, the anticipated trip does not exactly go as planned. Her boss, Jack Donaghy (Alec Baldwin), chooses Boston as the destination and travels with the show in order to visit Nancy Donovan (Moore), and while away from New York, the TGS crew blames Liz for all of their misfortunes. This episode also continued a story arc involving Nancy as a love interest for Jack, which began in the episode "Secret Santa" that aired in December 2009.
"Winter Madness" received generally mixed reception from television critics. According to the Nielsen Media Research, it was watched by 5.585 million households during its original broadcast, and received a 2.8 rating/7 share among viewers in the 18–49 demographic.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Production
3 Cultural references
4 Reception
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
TGS head writer Liz Lemon (Tina Fey), along with producer Pete Hornberger (Scott Adsit), decides to take the show's staff to Miami for a week, due to Liz's hate of the cold weather and the staff's case of "winter madness". Her boss, Jack Donaghy (Alec Baldwin), decides to take them to Boston instead, so he can see Nancy Donovan (Julianne Moore), a woman Jack ponders having a possible romance with. He learns that Nancy's husband has left her as a way of getting her to ask for a divorce, but Nancy refuses to do so, fearing what others might think. Jack admits his true feelings to Nancy and insists that the two talk. She suggests that they should say four words to each other as a way of putting their relationship on hold; Jack says to her "I'll wait. Not forever", while Nancy tells him "I'll try. Wicked hard."
Meanwhile, the TGS staff—Jenna Maroney (Jane Krakowski), Frank Rossitano (Judah Friedlander), James "Toofer" Spurlock (Keith Powell), J. D. Lutz (John Lutz), Sue Laroche-Van der Hout (Sue Galloway), Kenneth Parcell (Jack McBrayer), Cerie Xerox (Katrina Bowden), and Danny Baker (Cheyenne Jackson)—vent their anger at Liz; they complain that Boston is colder than New York, and they do not like sharing an office with the all-male staff of Boston Bruins fans who write for the Bruins Beat. Liz gets a tip from Jack to find a common enemy in the Boston affiliate of NBC. Liz comes up with the name "Dale Snitterman", and tells the staff that Snitterman is causing all of their problems, not realizing until later that she had seen the name somewhere and did not make it up. At that point, the staff finds Snitterman (Ray Bokhour) and harass him.
At the same time, Tracy Jordan (Tracy Morgan) goes on Boston's Freedom Trail. He accuses the actor playing John Hancock (Kevin Meaney) that his character did not actually set all Americans free. When he tells him "Patriots suck!", he inadvertently says it near a group of New England Patriots fans. At the end of the episode, Hancock brings in the Crispus Attucks character and tells Tracy he does have black friends. When Hancock says he met Attucks in 1775, Tracy is able to one up him as he knows that Attucks was killed in the Boston Massacre in 1770.
Production[edit]
Julianne Moore made her second appearance as Nancy Donovan in this episode.
"Winter Madness" was written by script co-coordinator Tom Ceraulo and co-producer Vali Chandrasekaran, and directed by Beth McCarthy-Miller.[1] This episode was Ceraulo's second writing credit, having co-written season three episode "The Funcooker,[2] and the first written episode by Chandrasekaran. This was McCarthy-Miller's tenth directed episode. "Winter Madness" originally aired in the United States on January 21, 2010, on NBC as the eleventh episode of the show's fourth season and the 69th overall episode of the series.
In November 2009, it was announced that actress Julianne Moore would guest star on 30 Rock as a love interest for Jack Donaghy, Alec Baldwin's character.[3] She made her debut as the character Nancy Donovan in the December 10, 2009, episode "Secret Santa".[4] This episode was Moore's second appearance on the show. "Winter Madness" was filmed on November 17, 2009.[5] Comedian Kevin Meaney guest starred as the actor portraying John Hancock.[1][6] This was actor Cheyenne Jackson's fourth appearance as Danny Baker in the series. He made his debut in the November 12, 2009, episode "The Problem Solvers",[7] and would later guest star on the episodes "Secret Santa",[8] "Black Light Attack!",[9] "Floyd",[10] and "The Moms".[11] In "Winter Madness", while venting their anger towards Liz, Danny admits his refusal to hit on Jenna.[12]
Cultural references[edit]
In the beginning of the episode, Liz complains about the cold weather saying that she has been stuck inside her apartment playing online Boggle, a word game designed by using a plastic grid of lettered dice, in which players attempt to find words in sequences of adjacent letters.[13] Later, Jack tells Liz that she is the female version of former Boston Celtics basketball player Kevin McHale.[6] Jack's Boston office is a duplication of his New York one. When Liz enters, Jack asks her if she can tell which seven items are different, prompting the two to look into the camera and smile and thus breaking the fourth wall, a term used when a character in a television show, film or on stage directly addresses the audience.[14] In one scene, Jack says that many Boston residents have named their daughters "Belichick", after New England Patriots head coach Bill Belichick.[14]
During one scene of "Winter Madness", Toofer tells the writing staff that he went to college in Boston, "Well, not in Boston, but nearby", mocking a common stereotype of Harvard students that they will not mention that they attend the University, for fear of intimidating anyone, but will still strongly hint to it.[13] Later, Jack and Nancy imitate former Boston newscasters Chet Curtis and Natalie Jacobson, who were the most-watched news team in Boston for twenty years.[13][15] Nancy tells Jack that her husband moved to New Orleans to rebuild houses that were affected by Hurricane Katrina as part of actor Brad Pitt's Make It Right Foundation, an organization building affordable housing to help those families most in need following the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.[6][16]
Reception[edit]
In its original American broadcast, "Winter Madness" was watched by 5.585 million households, according to the Nielsen Media Research. It received a 2.8 rating/7 share among viewers in the 18–49 demographic,[17] meaning that 2.8 percent of all people in that group, and 7 percent of all people from that group watching television at the time, watched the episode. This was an increase from the previous episode, "Black Light Attack!", which was watched by 5.014 million American viewers.[18] "Winter Madness" ranked third in the timeslot and was the only episode getting more viewers, going up 22 percent from the previous week's episode rating.[17]
The episode received generally mixed reviews from television critics. Robert Canning of IGN said the episode was great and gave it an 8.8 out 10 rating, saying that he was "impressed" with how the ending handled Jack and Nancy's "not-quite romance." Canning enjoyed the "platonic romance" between them saying, "A lesser series could have simply had the pair hook up, break up and move on, but 30 Rock has drawn out the relationship with flirtation, what-ifs and possible future ex-husbands."[14] Meredith Blake, writing for the Los Angeles Times, found the episode "perfectly" and "well-timed".[19] Leonard Pierce for The A.V. Club said that the episode started "out wicked strong, with everyone in the cast getting great lines". In regards to the two plots, Pierce said that the Liz, TGS, and Dale Snitterman story was "stuffed with great comedic moments", while the Jack and Nancy angle just sat there and flopped "around like a dying fish."[20] Bob Sassone of AOL's TV Squad enjoyed the Boston theme in "Winter Madness"; his only complaint was that the episode had nothing to do with TGS, the fictional show on 30 Rock. "I'm getting a little tired of that. I want more sketches and NBC network shenanigans."[13]
Entertainment Weekly’s Margaret Lyons reported that "Winter Madness" was "something of a letdown." She commented that Julianne Moore's Nancy was not "funny enough" as a "romantic foil for Jack", and that taking the show to Boston seemed off the mark.[21] Television columnist Alan Sepinwall for The Star-Ledger reported that "Winter Madness" fell into the category of an episode that featured "a lot of funny gags but aren't wholly satisfying" and added that it "just stopped, rather than building to a real conclusion".[22] Sean Gandert of Paste rated unfavorably the pairing of Alec Baldwin and Julianne Moore's characters, citing that they do not have "much rapport, so the scenes with the two of them together are a bit dead, as much as I usually enjoy seeing Julianne Moore in pretty much anything."[23] Amos Barshad for New York magazine criticized Moore's Boston accent, citing that it was "atrocious",[24] while TV Guide Magazine’s Bruce Fretts opined that the accent was "wicked bad". Regarding the episode itself, Fretts said that it was "weak".[6]
Despite the criticism towards Moore's Boston accent in the series, executive producer Robert Carlock, who is from Boston, defended Moore. In an interview with New York magazine, Carlock said, "I grew up with people like that. Not everyone talks like that in Boston, but I think she's enough of an actress to pull it off." When asked if her accent "sounded realistic", he noted, "I'm going to go with that. I know people who sound like that."[25] In response to the accent, Moore explained "I went to school in Boston and worked with a lot of guys from Dorchester, so that's where [the accent] came from. We made it thick ... for humor's sake, but then again, not really. There are folks with seriously heavy accents there, and they are proud of it."[26]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "30 Rock — Winter Madness". Yahoo! TV. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ "30 Rock — The Funcooker". Yahoo! TV. Retrieved 2010-04-15.
Jump up ^ Amanda Sidman and Carson Griffith (2009-11-16). "Julianne Moore to play Alec Baldwin's love interest on hit NBC show '30 Rock'". Daily News (New York). Retrieved 2010-04-05.
Jump up ^ Graham, Mark (2009-12-11). "30 Rock Recap: Who Are YouFacing?". New York. Retrieved 2010-04-05.
Jump up ^ "30 Rock -- "Winter Madness" Episode 411 -- Pictured: (l-r) Sue Galloway as Sue, Keith Powell as Toofer, Judah Friedlander as Frank -- Photo by: Ali Goldstein/NBC". Set Photos. NBC Universal Media Village. Retrieved 2010-04-06. Save Picture as → Right click file → Properties → Summary → Advanced → Date Picture Taken
^ Jump up to: a b c d Fretts, Bruce (2010-01-22). "30 Rock Hits a Rough Patch". TV Guide Magazine.
Jump up ^ Sepinwall, Alan (2009-11-12). "30 Rock, "The Problem Solvers": She's the one". The Star-Ledger. Retrieved 2010-03-30.
Jump up ^ Fretts, Bruce (2009-12-11). "The Julianne Moore, the Merrier?". TV Guide Magazine.
Jump up ^ Canning, Robert (2010-01-16). "30 Rock: "Black Light Attack!" Review". IGN TV. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
Jump up ^ Sassone, Bob (2010-03-26). "'30 Rock' - 'Floyd' Recap". TV Squad. Retrieved 2010-05-03.
Jump up ^ "30 Rock Episode: "The Moms"". TV Guide. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
Jump up ^ Lady Lola (2010-01-21). "January Jones". Television without Pity. p. 3. Archived from the original on 2010-01-29. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Sassone, Bob (2010-01-22). "Review: 30 Rock — Winter Madness". TV Squad. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
^ Jump up to: a b c Canning, Robert (2010-01-22). "30 Rock: "Winter Madness" Review". IGN TV. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Lehr, Dick. "Split screen". The Boston Globe Magazine. Retrieved 2010-04-07.
Jump up ^ Reckdahl, Katy (2008-08-23). "Brad Pitt's foundation races clock in New Orleans". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
^ Jump up to: a b Gorman, Bill (2010-01-22). "TV Ratings Thursday: Deep End Underwater; Bones High; CSI, Mentalist, Grey’s Series Lows". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (2010-01-15). "TV Ratings: Private Practice Crossover Boost; Bones High; Grey’s, CSI, 30 Rock, Leno Hit Lows". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
Jump up ^ Blake, Meredith (2010-01-22). "'30 Rock': The Boston Tea Party". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Price, Leonard (2010-01-22). "Winter Madness". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Lyons, Margaret (2010-01-22). "'30 Rock': Boston backwards". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Sepinwall, Alan (2010-01-22). "30 Rock, "Winter Madness": TGS goes to Boston". The Star-Ledger.
Jump up ^ Gandert, Sean (2010-01-22). "30 Rock Review: "Winter Madness" (4.11)". Paste. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Barshad, Amos (2010-01-22). "30 Rock Recap: Julianne Moore, Welcome to the Bad Boston Accent Hall of Fame!". New York. Retrieved 2010-04-06.
Jump up ^ Yahalom, Tali (2010-01-30). "30 Rock Producer Stands by Julianne Moore's Boston Accent". New York. Retrieved 2010-04-14.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (2010-06-23). "Ask Ausiello: Spoilers on 'House,' 'Vampire Diaries,' 'Weeds,' '30 Rock,' 'Bones,' and more!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
External links[edit]
"Winter Madness" on IMDb
"Winter Madness" at TV.com
[hide]
v
t
e
30 Rock
Characters
Liz Lemon
Jack Donaghy
Tracy Jordan
Jenna Maroney
Kenneth Parcell
Episodes
Season 1
"Pilot"
"The Aftermath"
"Blind Date"
"Jack the Writer"
"Jack-Tor"
"Jack Meets Dennis"
"Tracy Does Conan"
"The Break-Up"
"The Baby Show"
"The Rural Juror"
"The Head and the Hair"
"Black Tie"
"Up All Night"
"The C Word"
"Hard Ball"
"The Source Awards"
"The Fighting Irish"
"Fireworks"
"Corporate Crush"
"Cleveland"
"Hiatus"
Season 2
"SeinfeldVision"
"Jack Gets in the Game"
"The Collection"
"Rosemary's Baby"
"Greenzo"
"Somebody to Love"
"Cougars"
"Secrets and Lies"
"Ludachristmas"
Episode 210
"MILF Island"
"Subway Hero"
"Succession"
"Sandwich Day"
"Cooter"
Season 3
"Do-Over"
"Believe in the Stars"
"The One with the Cast of Night Court"
"Gavin Volure"
"Reunion"
"Christmas Special"
"Señor Macho Solo"
"Flu Shot"
"Retreat to Move Forward"
" Generalissimo"
"St. Valentine's Day"
"Larry King"
"Goodbye, My Friend"
"The Funcooker"
" The Bubble"
"Apollo, Apollo"
"Cutbacks"
"Jackie Jormp-Jomp"
" The Ones"
"The Natural Order"
"Mamma Mia"
"Kidney Now!"
Season 4
"Season 4"
"Into the Crevasse"
"Stone Mountain"
"Audition Day"
"The Problem Solvers"
"Sun Tea"
"Dealbreakers Talk Show #0001"
"Secret Santa"
"Klaus and Greta"
"Black Light Attack!"
"Winter Madness"
"Verna"
"Anna Howard Shaw Day"
"Future Husband"
"Don Geiss, America and Hope"
"Floyd"
"Lee Marvin vs. Derek Jeter"
"Khonani"
"Argus"
"The Moms"
"Emanuelle Goes to Dinosaur Land"
"I Do Do"
Season 5
"The Fabian Strategy"
"When It Rains, It Pours"
"Let's Stay Together"
"Live Show"
"Reaganing"
"Gentleman's Intermission"
"Brooklyn Without Limits"
"College"
"Chain Reaction of Mental Anguish"
"Christmas Attack Zone"
"Mrs. Donaghy"
"Operation Righteous Cowboy Lightning"
"¡Qué Sorpresa!"
"Double-Edged Sword"
"It's Never Too Late for Now"
"TGS Hates Women"
"Queen of Jordan"
"Plan B"
"I Heart Connecticut"
"100"
"Everything Sunny All the Time Always"
"Respawn"
Season 6
"Dance Like Nobody's Watching"
"Idiots Are People Two!"
"Idiots Are People Three!"
"The Ballad of Kenneth Parcell"
"Today You Are a Man"
"Hey, Baby, What's Wrong"
"The Tuxedo Begins"
"Leap Day"
"Alexis Goodlooking and the Case of the Missing Whisky"
"Standards and Practices"
"St. Patrick's Day"
"Grandmentor"
"Kidnapped by Danger"
"The Shower Principle"
"Nothing Left to Lose"
"Meet the Woggels!"
"Murphy Brown Lied to Us"
"Live from Studio 6H"
"Queen of Jordan 2: Mystery of the Phantom Pooper"
"The Return of Avery Jessup"
"What Will Happen to the Gang Next Year?"
Season 7
"The Beginning of the End"
"Governor Dunston"
"Stride of Pride"
"Unwindulax"
"There's No I in America"
"Aunt Phatso vs. Jack Donaghy"
"Mazel Tov, Dummies!"
"My Whole Life Is Thunder"
"Game Over"
"Florida"
"A Goon's Deed in a Weary World"
"Hogcock!"
"Last Lunch"
Related
Awards
Soundtrack
30 Rock: A XXX Parody
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Winter_Madness&oldid=804207780"
Categories:
30 Rock (season 4) episodes
2010 American television episodes
Hidden categories:
Good articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 7 October 2017, at 13:53.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: This is a good article. Follow the link for more information.

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: b

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-weight: normal; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

value: i

value: span

values: text-align:center;font-weight: bold; font-size: 110%

value: abbr

attrs: scope style

values:
row
white-space: nowrap

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values: text-align: left; padding: 5px; margin: 0; padding-left: 1em

values: width: 50%; padding: 0.2em 0.1em 0.2em 0; text-align: center;

values: width: 50%; padding: 0.2em 0 0.2em 0.1em; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/Pete_Hornberger
mw-redirect
Pete Hornberger

values:
/wiki/Frank_Rossitano
mw-redirect
Frank Rossitano

values:
/wiki/Toofer_Spurlock
mw-redirect
Toofer Spurlock

values:
/wiki/Sue_Laroche-Van_der_Hout
mw-redirect
Sue Laroche-Van der Hout

values:
/wiki/Cerie_Xerox
mw-redirect
Cerie Xerox

values:
/wiki/Danny_Baker_(character)
mw-redirect
Danny Baker (character)

values:
/wiki/Bob_Sassone
mw-redirect
Bob Sassone

values:
/wiki/Daily_News_(New_York)
mw-redirect
Daily News (New York)

values:
/wiki/NBC_Universal
mw-redirect
NBC Universal

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1574399/
external text

values:
/wiki/Cutbacks_(30_Rock)
mw-redirect
Cutbacks (30 Rock)

values: List of awards and nominations received by 30 Rock

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:2010 American television episodes

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Winter_Madness
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Winter_Madness rootpage-Winter_Madness skin-vector action-view


text:
Names of God in Christianity
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The Tetragrammaton YHWH, the name of God written in Hebrew, All Saints church, Nyköping, Sweden
In Christian theology the name of God has always had much deeper meaning and significance than being just a label or designator. Christian belief states that the name of God is not a human invention, but has divine origin and is based on divine revelation.[1][2] Respect for the name of God is one of the Ten Commandments, which some Christian teachings interpret to be, not only a command to avoid the improper use God's name, but a directive to exalt it through both pious deeds and praise.[3] This is reflected in the first petition in the Lord's Prayer addressed to God the Father: "Hallowed be Thy Name".[4]
Going back to the Church Fathers, the name of God has been seen as a representation of the entire system of "divine truth" revealed to the faithful "that believe on his name" as in John 1:12 or "walk in the name of the LORD our God" in Micah 4:5.[5][6] In Revelation 3:12 those who bear the name of God are destined for Heaven. John 17:6 presents the teachings of Jesus as the manifestation of the name of God to his disciples.[5]
John 12:28 presents the sacrifice of Jesus the Lamb of God, and the ensuing salvation delivered through it as the glorification of the name of God, with the voice from Heaven confirming Jesus' petition ("Father, glorify thy name") by saying: "I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again" referring to the Baptism and crucifixion of Jesus.[7]
The Bible usually uses the name of God in the singular (e.g. Ex. 20:7 or Ps. 8:1), generally using the terms in a very general sense rather than referring to any special designation of God.[8] However, general references to the name of God may branch to other special forms which express his multifaceted attributes.[8] Scripture presents many references to the names for God, but the key names in the Old Testament are: God the High and Exalted One, El Shaddai and YHWH (on the meaning of the latter name there is almost no agreement).[9] In the New Testament Theos, Kyrios and Patēr (πατήρ i.e. Father in Greek) are the essential names.[8]
Contents
1 Old Testament
2 New Testament
3 Sanctity and power of the name
3.1 More than a name
3.2 Name of God, way of God
3.3 Hallowed be Thy Name
4 See also
5 References
Old Testament[edit]
YHWH, the Hebrew Name for God.
The Old Testament usually uses the name of God in the singular (e.g. Ex. 20:7 or Ps. 8:1), generally using the terms in a very general sense rather than referring to any special designation of God.[8] However, the general name of God may branch to other special names which express his multifaceted attributes.[8]
The simplest form by which God is referred to in the Old Testament is El, likely derived from His being first and foremost.[1][2][10] (see proper names of earlier Canaanite gods) Elohim (singular Eloah) is likely derived from the same root and points to God as being strong and mighty, able to judge and to strike fear.[1][10] Elyon refers to elevation and being exalted.[1] These are, however, not proper names for God, but epithets also used for rulers and judges.[1] Adonai has a similar context and refers to God as a powerful ruler.[1][2] Similarly, El Shaddai, derived from "shad" i.e. Lord, also points to the power of God.[1]
Yahweh is the principal name in the Old Testament by which God reveals himself and is the most sacred, distinctive and incommunicable name of God.[1] Based on Lev, 24:16: "He that blasphemes the name of Yahweh shall surely be put to death", Jews generally avoided the use of Yahweh and substituted Adonai or Elohim for it when reading Scripture.[1]
The pronunciation of YHWH in the Old Testament can never be certain, given that the original Hebrew text only used consonants.[11] The English form Jehovah was formed during the Middle Ages by combining the Latinization of the four consonants YHWH with the vowel points that Masoretes used to indicate that the reader should say Adonai when YHWH was encountered.[11] Thus Jehovah was obtained by adding the vowels of Adonai to the consonants of YHWH.[11] Jehovah appears in Tyndale's Bible, the King James Version, and other translations from that time period and later. For instance, Jehovah's Witnesses make consistent use of Jehovah.[12]
Many English translations of the Bible translate the Tetragrammaton as LORD, following the Jewish practice of substituting Adonai for it.[13] In the same sense as the substitution of Adonai, the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible to Greek mainly used the word Kyrios (Greek: Κύριος, meaning 'lord') for YHWH.[14] Apostle Paul was likely familiar with the use of the term Kyrios in the Septuagint and used it in his letters to refer to Jesus, thus signifying his divinity.[14][15]
The pronouncement "I Am that I Am" in Exodus 3:14, in rabbinical scholarship taken as a gloss on the meaning of the Tetragrammaton, was in Hellenistic Judaism rendered as ἐγώ εἰμί ὁ ὢν. In the iconographic tradition of Eastern Christianity, it is common to depict Christ with a cruciform halo inscribed with the letters Ο, Ω, Ν for ὁ ὢν "He Who Is".
In Exodus 34:14, God does give his name as Jealous. Exodus 34:14 - For thou shalt worship no other god: for the LORD, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God (1611 edition of King James Version Bible).
New Testament[edit]
See also: Holy Name of Jesus and Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament
Latin inscription of Philippians 2:10: "At the name of Jesus every knee should bow", Church of the Gesù, Rome.
While the Old Testament has a wide variety of names and epithets that refer to God in Hebrew, the Greek text of the New Testament uses far fewer variants.[16]
The essential uses of the name of God the Father in the New Testament are Theos (θεός the Greek term for God), Kyrios (i.e. Lord in Greek) and Patēr (πατήρ i.e. Father in Greek).[8][10] The Aramaic word "Abba" (אבא), meaning "Father" is used by Jesus in Mark 14:36 and also appears in Romans 8:15 and Galatians 4:6.[17]
In the New Testament the two names Jesus and Emmanuel that refer to Jesus have salvific attributes.[18][19][20] The name Jesus is given in Luke 1:31 and Matthew 1:21 and in both cases the name is not selected by humans but is received by angelic messages with theological significance, e.g. the statement in Matthew 1:21 "you shall call His name Jesus, for He will save his people from their sins" associates salvific attributes to the name Jesus.[18][19][21][22] Emmanuel which appears in Matthew 1:23 may refer to Isaiah 7:14, and does not appear elsewhere in the New Testament, but in the context of Matthew 28:20 ("I am with you always, even unto the end of the world") indicates that Jesus will be with the faithful to the end of the age.[23] According to Ulrich Luz, the Emmanuel motif brackets the entire Gospel of Matthew between 1:23 and 28:20, appearing explicitly and implicitly in several other passages, setting the tone for the salvific theme of Matthew.[24]
The names of the Father, Son and the Holy Spirit are inherently related in the New Testament, e.g. with Jesus' instruction to His disciples at the end of the Gospel of Matthew (28:19):"make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them into the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit".[25] The Greek word pneuma, generally translated spirit, is found around 385 times in the New Testament.[26] The English terms Holy Spirit and Holy Ghost have identical meanings, with the former having become the usual term in the 20th century.[27] Three separate terms, namely Holy Spirit, Spirit of Truth and Paraclete are used in the Johannine writings.[28] The "Spirit of Truth" in used in John 14:17, 15:26 and 16:13.[29] The First Epistle of John then contrasts this with the "spirit of error" in 1 John 4:6.[29]
Sanctity and power of the name[edit]
More than a name[edit]
See also: God in Christianity
A 1768 Ten Commandments parchment
Although in some modern cultures names are simply labels and designators that distinguish one item from another, in Christian theology the names of God have always had much deeper meaning and significance.[2] In the religious sense, the names of God are not human inventions, but have divine origin and are based on divine revelation.[1]
Veneration of the name of God goes back to the Old Testament, and as in Exodus 20:7, the Ten Commandments state: "You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the LORD your God".[30] Christians teachings view this commandment as not simply an avoidance of the use of the name of God, but as a directive to exalt it, through both pious deeds and praise.[3]
In Christian teachings, the name of God is not simply a label, but involves divine mysteries that require and preempt respect and praise.[1] Louis Berkhof states that the issue surrounding the use and interpretation of the names of God provide a theological puzzle in that given that God is "infinite and incomprehensible", His names transcend human thought, yet they allow Him to be revealed to humans as he descends to what is finite and comprehensible.[1] Thus the name of God has always been revered in the Christian tradition, and has been associated with His presence.[1][11]
Name of God, way of God[edit]
The traditions and the hymnody of Christian liturgy have for long emphasized the importance of acting in the name of God, e.g. the Sanctus (which may go) states: "Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord".[31]
Going back to Church Fathers such as Cyril of Alexandria, in Christian teachings the name of God has been seen as a representation of the entire system of "divine truth" revealed to the faithful "that believe on His name" as in John 1:12 or "walk in the name of the Lord our God" in Micah 4:5.[5][6] This is further shown in Jesus' Farewell Discourse to His disciples at the end of the Last Supper, in which He addresses the Father and in John 17:6 and 17:26 states:[5]
"I manifested Thy name unto the men whom Thou gavest me out of the world." (17:6)
"I made known unto them Thy name, and will make it known" (17:26)
In Revelation 3:12 those who bear the name of God are destined for Heaven.[32] In Christian teachings, although the people of God bear the name of God, even they can offend the name of God by transgressing against the nature of God, and disobeying His commandments, as in Romans 2:24: "For the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you, even as it is written.".[33]
Hallowed be Thy Name[edit]
The Lord's Prayer, in Matthew 6:9, 1500, Vienna
The first petition in the Lord's Prayer is "Hallowed be thy Name" and is addressed to "Our Father who art in Heaven". In his 4th century sermon "Hallowed be Thy Name, Thy Kingdom Come", Gregory of Nyssa referred to Romans 2:24 and Ezekiel 36:23 which states:
"And I will sanctify My great name, which hath been profaned among the nations, which ye have profaned in the midst of them; and the nations shall know that I am Yahweh, saith the Lord Yahweh, when I shall be sanctified in you before their eyes."
Gregory stated that the petition that starts the Lord's prayer deals with the insults, disregard, and inattention to the honor of God's name and seeks to remedy that through the pious actions of believers.[34] Modern Christian theology has continued that teaching, and also adds that the remedy also involves the judgement of God against those who disrespect his name.[4]
In John 12:27 Jesus submits a petition to the Father and receives a response:[7]
"Father, glorify Thy name. There came therefore a voice out of heaven, saying, I have both glorified it, and will glorify it again."
The first glorification refers to Matthew 3:17: "This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased." at the start of the Ministry of Jesus with his Baptism, and the second to His upcoming crucifixion.[7] Thus in John 12:30 Jesus explains to the crowd who hear the voice: "This voice hath not come for My sake, but for your sakes", referring to His crucifixion as the key element of the path to salvation.[7]
Other prayers in various Christian traditions have continued to refer to the name of God, e.g. the Catholic Golden Arrow prayer begins with:[35][36]
May the most holy, most sacred, most adorable, most incomprehensible and ineffable Name of God be forever praised, blessed, loved, adored and glorified in Heaven, on earth, and under the earth, by all the creatures of God
The widespread use of the Jesus prayer in the Eastern Orthodox Church has also been associated with the power of the name of God, with continuing theological discussions.[37]
See also[edit]
Attributes of God in Christianity
Imiaslavie
Names of God
Names of God in Islam
Names of God in Judaism
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Systematic Theology by Louis Berkhof (Sep 24, 1996) ISBN 0802838200 pages47-51
^ Jump up to: a b c d Mercer dictionary of the Bible by Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard 1998 ISBN 0-86554-373-9 page 336
^ Jump up to: a b The Ten Commandments: Interpretation: Resources for the Use of Scripture in the Church by Patrick D. Miller (Aug 6, 2009) ISBN 0664230555 page 111
^ Jump up to: a b Theology of the New Testament by Georg Strecker (2000) ISBN 0664223362 page 282
^ Jump up to: a b c d Ten Commandments by Arthur W. Pink (Dec 30, 2007) ISBN 1589603753 pages 23-24
^ Jump up to: a b John 11-21 (Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture) by Joel C. Elowsky (May 23, 2007) ISBN 0830810994 page 237
^ Jump up to: a b c d Wiersbe Bible Commentary by Warren W. Wiersbe (Nov 1, 2007) ISBN 0781445396 page 274
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Manual Of Christian Doctrine by Louis Berkhof (Aug 1, 2007) ISBN 1930367902 pages 19-20
Jump up ^ Walter C. Kaiser, Jr., Exodus (Zondervan 2017)
^ Jump up to: a b c All the Doctrines of the Bible by Herbert Lockyer (Sep 29, 1988) ISBN 0310280516 pages 25-26
^ Jump up to: a b c d International Standard Bible Encyclopedia(E-J) by Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Mar 1982) ISBN 0802837824 pages 504-507
Jump up ^ Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania (1984). "The Divine Name That Will Endure Forever". Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on 2008-04-11. Jehovah's name is "majestic, great, fear-inspiring and unreachably high." All of God's purposes are linked to his name. '
Jump up ^ NASB (1995). "Preface to the New American Standard Bible". New American Standard Bible (Updated Edition). Anaheim, California: Foundation Publications (for the Lockman Foundation). Archived from the original on 2006-12-07. There is yet another name which is particularly assigned to God as His special or proper name, that is, the four letters YHWH (Exodus 3:14 and Isaiah 42:8). This name has not been pronounced by the Jews because of reverence for the great sacredness of the divine name. Therefore, it has been consistently translated LORD. The only exception to this translation of YHWH is when it occurs in immediate proximity to the word Lord, that is, Adonai. In that case it is regularly translated GOD in order to avoid confusion.
^ Jump up to: a b The Letters of Paul, Fifth Edition by Calvin J. Roetzel (Oct 30, 2009) ISBN 0664233929 pages 21-22
Jump up ^ Mercer dictionary of the Bible by Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard 1998 ISBN 0-86554-373-9 pages 520-525
Jump up ^ All the Divine Names and Titles in the Bible by Herbert Lockyer (Sep 29, 1988) ISBN 0310280419 page 93
Jump up ^ Mercer dictionary of the Bible by Watson E. Mills, Roger Aubrey Bullard 1998 ISBN 0-86554-373-9 page 2
^ Jump up to: a b Bible explorer's guide by John Phillips 2002 ISBN 0-8254-3483-1 page 147
^ Jump up to: a b All the Doctrines of the Bible by Herbert Lockyer 1988 ISBN 0-310-28051-6 page 159
Jump up ^ Theology of the New Testament by Georg Strecker, Friedrich Wilhelm Horn 2000 ISBN 0-664-22336-2 page 89
Jump up ^ Matthew by Thomas G. Long 1997 ISBN 0-664-25257-5 pages 14-15
Jump up ^ The Gospel of Matthew by Rudolf Schnackenburg 2002 ISBN 0-8028-4438-3 page 9
Jump up ^ Who do you say that I am?: essays on Christology by Jack Dean Kingsbury, Mark Allan Powell, David R. Bauer 1999 ISBN 0-664-25752-6 page 17
Jump up ^ The theology of the Gospel of Matthew by Ulrich Luz 1995 ISBN 0-521-43576-5 page 31
Jump up ^ Lord, giver of life by Jane Barter Moulaison 2006 ISBN 0-88920-501-9 page 5
Jump up ^ Companion Bible–KJV–Large Print by E. W. Bullinger, Kregel Publications, 1999. ISBN 0-8254-2099-7. Page 146.
Jump up ^ Robin W. Lovin, Foreword to the English translation of Karl Barth's The Holy Spirit and the Christian Life (1993 ISBN 0-664-25325-3), page xvii
Jump up ^ Spirit of Truth: The origins of Johannine pneumatology by John Breck 1990 ISBN 0-88141-081-0 pages 1-5
^ Jump up to: a b Acts and Pauline writings by Watson E. Mills, Richard F. Wilson 1997 ISBN 0-86554-512-X pages xl-xlx
Jump up ^ Christian Ethics by D. Stephen Long (29 Jul 2010) ISBN 0199568863 page 32
Jump up ^ Perspectives on Christian Worship by J. Matthew Pinson, Timothy Quill, Ligon Duncan and Dan Wilt (Mar 1, 2009) ISBN 0805440992 pages 64-65
Jump up ^ Theological Dictionary of the New Testament by Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich and Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Jul 10, 1985) ISBN 0802824048 page 1035
Jump up ^ The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia by Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Feb 1, 1995) ISBN 0802837859 page 482
Jump up ^ Gregory of Nyssa, "Hallowed be Thy Name, Thy Kingdom Come", Sermon 3, in The Lord's Prayer: A Survey Theological and Literary by Nicholas Ayo (Feb 2003) ISBN 0742514536 pages 125-129
Jump up ^ Ann Ball, Encyclopedia of Catholic Devotions and Practices 2003 ISBN 0-87973-910-X pages 209-210
Jump up ^ A collection of my Favorite Prayers G. P. Geoghegan (Dec 2, 2006) ISBN 1411694570 page 106
Jump up ^ The Jesus Prayer by Lev Gillet and Kallistos Ware (Apr 16, 1987) ISBN 0881410136 page 85
hide
v
t
e
Names of God
In Christianity • In Hinduism • In Islam • In Judaism • In Zoroastrianism • In Chinese religion
Adonai
Ahura Mazda
The All
Allah
Bathala
Brahman
Cao Đài
El
Elohim
El Elyon
El Shaddai
God
Great Spirit
Haneullim
Hu
Hyang
I Am that I Am
Ik Onkar
Ishvara
Jah
Khuda
Ngai
Olodumare
The One
Parvardigar
Shangdi
Svayam Bhagavan
Tenri-Ō-no-Mikoto
Tian
Tianzhu
Waheguru
YHWH
Jehovah
Yahweh
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Names_of_God_in_Christianity&oldid=857127156"
Categories:
Names of God in Christianity
God in Christianity
Hidden categories:
Articles containing Greek-language text
Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Edit links
This page was last edited on 29 August 2018, at 18:54 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href class title

attrs: href title

attrs: class style

value: sup

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Tyndale%27s_Bible
mw-redirect
Tyndale's Bible

values:
/wiki/Apostle_Paul
mw-redirect
Apostle Paul

values:
/wiki/Cruciform_halo
mw-redirect
Cruciform halo

values:
/wiki/Kyrios_(biblical_term)
mw-redirect
Kyrios (biblical term)

values:
/wiki/Christian_salvation
mw-redirect
Christian salvation

values:
/wiki/Christian_soteriology
mw-redirect
Christian soteriology

values:
/wiki/Holy_Spirit_(Christianity)
mw-redirect
Holy Spirit (Christianity)

values:
/wiki/Johannine_writings
mw-redirect
Johannine writings

values: wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/1 John

values: Edit section: Sanctity and power of the name

values: font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;

values: The Golden Arrow Holy Face Devotion (Prayer)

values:
/wiki/Jesus_prayer
mw-redirect
Jesus prayer

values:
nofollow
external text
http://watchtower.org/e/na/index.htm

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
/wiki/Cao_%C4%90%C3%A0i
mw-redirect
Cao Đài

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Articles containing Greek-language text

values: Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek-language text

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Christianity
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: 기독교에서 하나님의 이름들 – Korean

values: Nama Allah dalam Kekristenan – Indonesian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Names_of_God_in_Christianity rootpage-Names_of_God_in_Christianity skin-vector action-view