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Exhaust system
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Exhaust manifold (chrome plated) on a car engine
Muffler and tailpipe on a car
An exhaust system is usually piping used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove. The entire system conveys burnt gases from the engine and includes one or more exhaust pipes. Depending on the overall system design, the exhaust gas may flow through one or more of:
Cylinder head and exhaust manifold
A turbocharger to increase engine power.
A catalytic converter to reduce air pollution.
A muffler (North America) / silencer (UK/India), to reduce noise.
Contents
[hide]
1 Design criteria
1.1 Motorcycles
1.2 Trucks
1.3 Two-stroke engines
1.4 Marine engines
1.5 Outboard motors
2 Terminology
2.1 Manifold or header
2.2 Header-back
2.3 Turbo-back
2.4 With or without catalytic converter
2.5 Cat-back
2.6 Tailpipe and exhaust
2.7 Lake pipes
3 Exhaust system tuning
4 Images
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Design criteria[edit]
Exhaust system of the Opel Corsa B 1.2 petrol
An exhaust pipe must be carefully designed to carry toxic and/or noxious gases away from the users of the machine. Indoor generators and furnaces can quickly fill an enclosed space with poisonous exhaust gases such as hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides,[1] if they are not properly vented to the outdoors. Also, the gases from most types of machines are very hot; the pipe must be heat-resistant, and it must not pass through or near anything that can burn or can be damaged by heat. A chimney serves as an exhaust pipe in a stationary structure. For the internal combustion engine it is important to have the exhaust system "tuned" (refer to tuned exhaust) for optimal efficiency. Also this should meet the regulation norms maintained in each country. In China, China 5; In European countries, EURO 5; In India, BS-4, etc.,
In the vehicle type category, the passenger cars segment is highly lucrative and is estimated to reach a significant market value by the end of the year of assessment. This segment is the fastest growing and is projected to grow at a value CAGR of 4.2% throughout the period of forecast 2017-2027. [2]
Motorcycles[edit]
Exhaust piping and silencer (muffler) on a Ducati Monster motorcycle
In most motorcycles all or most of the exhaust system is visible and may be chrome plated as a display feature. Aftermarket exhausts may be made from steel, aluminium, titanium, or carbon fiber.
Motorcycle exhausts come in many varieties depending on the type of engine and its intended use. A twin cylinder may flow its exhaust into separate exhaust sections, such as seen in the Kawasaki EX250 (also known as the Ninja 250 in the US, or the GPX 250). Or, they may flow into a single exhaust section known as a two-into-one (2-1). Larger engines that come with 4 cylinders, such as Japanese super-sport or super-bikes (such the Kawasaki ZX series, Honda's CBR series, Yamaha's YZF series, also known as R6 and R1, and Suzuki's GSX-R series) often come with a twin exhaust system. A "full system" may be bought as an aftermarket accessory, also called a 4-2-1 or 4-1, depending on its layout. In the past, these bikes would come standard with a single exhaust, as seen on the Kawasaki ZX-6R 2000 and 2001 models. However, EU noise and pollution regulations have generally stopped this practice, forcing companies to use other methods to increase performance of the motorcycle.
A 2-stroke exhaust can be made to be quieter than 70dBa at 6000 rpm without sacrificing any power gains. The latest generations of 4-stroke street motorcycle engines that can come close to a 2T in redline RPM but still having the extra weight and inertia of cams and valves make the differences in being "cleaner burning" negligible, with the decreased engine service life to be expected, while also having the sound of a 4T exhaust carrying for miles in many cases. Additionally, "the nature of the beast" is that a 4T exhaust note above 6000 rpm is unduly harsh to the human ear.
Trucks[edit]
In many trucks / lorries all or most of the exhaust system is visible. Often in such trucks the silencer is surrounded by a perforated metal sheath to avoid people getting burnt touching the hot silencer. This sheath may be chrome plated as a display feature. Part of the pipe between the engine and the silencer is often flexible metal industrial ducting, which helps to avoid vibration from the engine being transferred into the exhaust system. Sometimes a large diesel exhaust pipe is vertical, to blow the hot noxious gas well away from people; in such cases the end of the exhaust pipe often has a hinged metal flap to stop debris, birds and rainwater from falling inside.
Two-stroke engines[edit]
In a two-stroke engine, such as that used on dirt bikes, a bulge in the exhaust pipe known as an expansion chamber uses the pressure of the exhaust to create a pump that squeezes more air and fuel into the cylinder during the intake stroke. This provides greater power and fuel efficiency. See Kadenacy effect.
Marine engines[edit]
With an onboard diesel or petrol (gasoline) engine below-decks on marine vessels:-
Lagging the exhaust pipe stops it from overheating the engine room where people must work to service the engine.
Feeding water into the exhaust pipe cools the exhaust gas and thus lessens the back-pressure at the engine's cylinders. Often in marine service the exhaust manifold is integral with a heat exchanger which allows sea water to cool a closed system of fresh water circulating within the engine.
Outboard motors[edit]
In outboard motors the exhaust system is usually a vertical passage through the engine structure and to reduce out-of-water noise blows out underwater, sometimes through the middle of the propeller.
Terminology[edit]
Manifold or header[edit]
Aftermarket exhaust manifold
In most production engines, the manifold is an assembly designed to collect the exhaust gas from two or more cylinders into one pipe. Manifolds are often made of cast iron in stock production cars, and may have material-saving design features such as to use the least metal, to occupy the least space necessary, or have the lowest production cost. These design restrictions often result in a design that is cost effective but that does not do the most efficient job of venting the gases from the engine. Inefficiencies generally occur due to the nature of the combustion engine and its cylinders. Since cylinders fire at different times, exhaust leaves them at different times, and pressure waves from gas emerging from one cylinder might not be completely vacated through the exhaust system when another comes. This creates a back pressure and restriction in the engine's exhaust system that can restrict the engine's true performance possibilities. In Australia, the pipe of the exhaust system which attaches to the exhaust manifold is called the 'engine pipe' and the pipe emitting gases to ambient air called the 'tail pipe'.
Regardless of the negative attributes focused upon by potential sellers of steel tube exhaust outlet configurations, engineers who design engine components choose conventional cast iron exhaust manifolds can similarly list positive attributes, such as an array of heat management properties and superior longevity than any other type of exhaust outlet design. For the average consumer, having trouble with an exhaust outlet system may qualify as 'poorer performance'.
A header (sometimes called set of extractors in Australia) is a manifold specifically designed for performance.[3] During design, engineers create a manifold without regard to weight or cost but instead for optimal flow of the exhaust gases. This design results in a header that is more efficient at scavenging the exhaust from the cylinders. Headers are generally circular steel tubing with bends and folds calculated to make the paths from each cylinder's exhaust port to the common outlet all equal length, and joined at narrow angles to encourage pressure waves to flow through the outlet, and not back towards other cylinders. In a set of tuned headers the pipe lengths are carefully calculated to enhance exhaust flow in a particular engine revolutions per minute range.
Headers are generally made by aftermarket automotive companies, but sometimes can be bought from the high-performance parts department at car dealerships. Generally, most car performance enthusiasts buy aftermarket headers made by companies solely focused on producing reliable, cost-effective well-designed headers specifically for their car. Headers can also be custom designed by a custom shop. Due to the advanced materials that some aftermarket headers are made of, this can be expensive. Luckily, an exhaust system can be custom built for any car, and generally is not specific to the car's motor or design except for needing to properly connect solidly to the engine. This is usually accomplished by correct sizing in the design stage, and selecting a proper gasket type and size for the engine.
Header-back[edit]
The Header-back (or header back) is the part of the exhaust system from the outlet of the header to the final vent to open air — everything from the header back. Header-back systems are generally produced as aftermarket performance systems for cars without turbochargers.
Turbo-back[edit]
The Turbo-back (or turbo back) is the part of the exhaust system from the outlet of a turbocharger to the final vent to open air. Turbo-back systems are generally produced as aftermarket performance systems for cars with turbochargers. Some turbo-back (and header-back) systems replace stock catalytic converters with others having less flow restriction.
With or without catalytic converter[edit]
Some systems (including in former time all systems) (sometimes nowadays called catless or de-cat) eliminate the catalytic converter. It is illegal and is against Federal Law in the United States and other countries to not have a catalytic converter.[4][5] Converters may not be removed from a vehicle that is used only for "off-road" driving in the United States.[6] The main purpose of a catalytic converter on an automobile is to reduce harmful emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere.[1] They work by transforming the polluted exhaust components into water and carbon dioxide.[7]
Cat-back[edit]
Cat-back (also cat back and catback) refers to the portion of the exhaust system from the outlet of the catalytic converter to the final vent to open air. This generally includes the pipe from the converter to the muffler, the muffler, and the final length of pipe to open air.
Cat-back exhaust systems generally use larger diameter pipe than the stock system. The mufflers included in these kits are often glasspacks, to reduce back pressure. If the system is engineered more for show than functionality, it may be tuned to enhance the lower sounds that are lacking from high-RPM low-displacement engines.
Tailpipe and exhaust[edit]
The Corvette C7 has four tailpipes
With trucks, sometimes the silencer is crossways under the front of the cab and its tailpipe blows sideways to the offside (right side if driving on the left, left side if driving on the right). The side of a passenger car on which the exhaust exits beneath the rear bumper usually indicates the market for which the vehicle was designed, i.e. Japanese (and some older British) vehicles have exhausts on the right so they are furthest from the curb in countries which drive on the left, while European vehicles have exhausts on the left.[citation needed]
The end of the final length of exhaust pipe where it vents to open air, generally the only visible part of the exhaust system part on a vehicle, often ends with just a straight or angled cut, but may include a fancy tip. The tip is sometimes chromed. It is often of larger pipe than the rest of the exhaust system. This produces a final reduction in pressure, and sometimes used to enhance the appearance of the car.
In the late 1950s in the United States manufacturers had a fashion in car styling to form the rear bumper with a hole at each end through which the exhaust would pass. Two outlets symbolized V-8 power, and only the most expensive cars (Cadillac, Lincoln, Imperial, Packard) were fitted with this design. One justification for this was that luxury cars in those days had such a long rear overhang that the exhaust pipe scraped the ground when the car traversed ramps. The fashion disappeared after customers noted that the rear end of the car, being a low-pressure area, collected soot from the exhaust and its acidic content ate into the chrome-plated rear bumper.[citation needed]
When a bus, truck or tractor or excavator has a vertical exhaust pipe (called stacks or pipes behind the cab), sometimes the end is curved, or has a hinged cover flap which the gas flow blows out of the way, to try to prevent foreign objects (including droppings from a bird perching on the exhaust pipe when the vehicle is not being used) getting inside the exhaust pipe.[citation needed]
In some trucks, when the silencer (muffler) is front-to-back under the chassis, the end of the tailpipe turns 90° and blows downwards. That protects anyone near a stationary truck from getting a direct blast of the exhaust gas, but often raises dust when the truck is driving on a dry dusty unmade surface such as on a building site.
Lake pipes[edit]
A consequence of the problematic nature in adaptation of large diameter exhaust tubing to the undercarriage of ladder-frame or body-on-frame chassis architecture vehicles with altered geometry suspensions, lake pipes evolved to become a front-engined vehicle exhaust archetype crafted by specialty motor sport engine specialists of the 1930s, 40s and 50s, whose preoccupation was optimization of the acoustic effect associated with high output internal combustion engines. The name is derived from their use on the vast, empty dry lake beds northeast of Los Angeles County, where engine specialists of yore custom crafted, interchanged and evaluated one-piece header manifolds of various mil thicknesses, a function of temperature, humidity, elevation and climate they anticipated.[citation needed]
No intrinsic performance gain to be derived, per se, lake pipes evolved a function of practicality. Common instances, their manifolds routed straight out the front wheel-whels posing an asphyxiation axiom to the race driver, "lake pipes" were fashioned, extending from the header flange along the rocker panels, bottom-side of the vehicle, beneath the doors, thus allowing (1) suspension tuners a lower ride height sufficient for land speed record attempts, and (2) engine tuners ease and flexibility of interchanging different exhaust manifolds without hoisting the vehicle, thus precluding having to wrench undercarriage of the vehicle.
Body-on-frame chassis architecture ceding to superleggera, unit-body and monocoque archetypes, in tandem with smog abatement legislation rendered lake pipes, as a bona fide performance prerequisite, obsolete. No meaningful performance gain to be had for contemporary vehicles, lake pipes persist into the 21st century as a superfluous, retrograde aesthetic, usually chrome plated with various options, allowing the driver to control whether exhaust gas is routed the standard exhaust system, or through lake pipes, which are commonly fashioned by laker caps which, affixed by fasteners at the terminal end of exhaust tips, serve to (1) "cap" the exhaust system when not in use, and/or (2) signal authorities that the presence of lake pipes is merely cosmetic.
Exhaust system tuning[edit]
Aftermarket exhaust system including headers and a white plasma-sprayed ceramic coating
Many automotive companies offer aftermarket exhaust system upgrades as a subcategory of engine tuning. This is often fairly expensive as it usually includes replacing the entire exhaust manifold or other large components. These upgrades however can significantly improve engine performance and do this through means of two main principles:
By reducing the exhaust back pressure, engine power is increased in four-stroke engines
By reducing the amount of heat from the exhaust being lost into the underbonnet area. This reduces the underbonnet temperature and consequently lowers the intake manifold temperature, increasing power. This also has positive side effect of preventing heat-sensitive components from being damaged. Furthermore, keeping the heat in the exhaust gases speeds these up, therefore reducing back pressure as well.
Back pressure is most commonly reduced by replacing exhaust manifolds with headers, which have smoother bends and normally wider pipe diameters.
Exhaust heat management helps in reducing the amount of exhaust heat radiated out from the exhaust pipe and components. One dominant solution to aftermarket upgraders is the use of a ceramic coating applied via thermal spraying. This not only reduces heat loss and lessens back pressure, but also provides an effective way to protect the exhaust system from wear and tear, thermal degradation and corrosion.
Images[edit]
Large truck's diesel exhaust pipe
Waste collection vehicle's diesel exhaust pipe
Dual exhaust pipes attached to a car's muffler
Exhaust system of diesel telescopic-arm vehicle
Underbody of a car showing the exhaust system
See also[edit]
Aftermarket exhaust parts
Automobile emissions control
Expansion chamber
Motor vehicle emissions
Nitrogen oxide sensor
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "VP Exhaust". VP Exhaust. Retrieved 2014-04-20.
Jump up ^ "Automotive Exhaust Systems Market By 2027". Future Market Insights. 2018-01-25.
Jump up ^ How Headers Work How Headers Improve Engine Performance
Jump up ^ "Environmental Protection Agency" (PDF). US Government Printing Office. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Under federal law, catalytic converters may not be removed and replaced with "converter replacement pipes' by any person. The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments even prohibit private individuals from installing "converter replacement pipes" on their own vehicles. Anyone who installs such pipes would violate section 203(a)(3)(A) and (B) of the Clean Air Act (Act) In addition to Federal law, forty-five out of the fifty States also have statutes or regulations which prohibit tampering with the pollution control equipment on motor vehicles or driving or selling such vehicles. Thus, vehicle owners who tamper with their own vehicles may be subject to substantial penalties under both Federal and State law.
Jump up ^ "Fact Sheet: Exhaust Svstem Repair Guidelines" (PDF). United States Environmental Protection Agency. 13 March 1991. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Volkmann, Jörg (2007). "2". Exhaust systems' models investigation by theoretical group methods. Göttingen Cuvillier. pp. 13–34. ISBN 9783867274227. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
External links[edit]
Media related to Automobile exhausts at Wikimedia Commons
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Elevator Love Letter (Grey's Anatomy)
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"Elevator Love Letter"
Grey's Anatomy episode
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Season 5
Episode 19
Directed by
Edward Ornelas
Written by
Stacy McKee
Original air date
March 26, 2009 (2009-03-26)
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"Sweet Surrender"
Grey's Anatomy (season 5)
List of Grey's Anatomy episodes
"Elevator Love Letter" is the nineteenth episode of the fifth season of the American television medical drama, Grey's Anatomy and the show's 97th episode overall. Written by Stacy McKee and directed by Edward Ornelas, the episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on March 26, 2009. It was viewed by 15.81 million people and garnered a 5.5/13 Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic.[1]Grey's Anatomy centers around a group of young doctors in training.
In this episode, Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey) proposes to the show's title character Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo) while Izzie Stevens (Katherine Heigl) undergoes surgery for cancer with Alex Karev (Justin Chambers) feeling guilty for her condition. Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) deals with the PTSD of her boyfriend and fellow surgeon Owen Hunt (Kevin McKidd). The episode received favorable reviews with critics calling it a payoff for Meredith and Derek fans.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Reception
3 References
4 External links
Plot[edit]
Cristina and Owen are finally spending nights with each other, relaxing by watching videos of surgeries. Cristina falls asleep, so Owen turns the TV off and shuts off the lights. He dozes off, and the peppy, happy music stops, replaced by whooshing sounds of the overhead ceiling fan turning in slow motion. The screen goes dark and the next thing we know, Owen is choking Cristina. She struggles but can't free herself. Callie walks through the door to see if everything OK, and stops him.
At work, Cristina is wearing a turtleneck to cover up her neck bruises. She doesn't want Cristina to cover for her boyfriend because neither of them is okay. George is upset that Izzie didn't tell him about her illness. He doesn't want to think about it, so he asks Callie if he can be on ortho today in order to avoid thinking about her. Bailey greets the residents before they go into Izzie's room. She reminds them all that Izzie needs them to be friends and not doctors now. Izzie knits and reminds them that they have other patients and tells them to go save lives.
Ellen Pompeo (left) and Patrick Dempsey (right) were the central part of the story as Dempsey's Derek Shepherd proposes to Pompeo's Meredith Grey in the episode.
Derek asks Alex, as Izzie's boyfriend, if he has any questions before her brain surgery today but he doesn't say much. Later, Richard awkwardly asks Alex whether he wants to produce a sperm sample because they are harvesting Izzie's eggs prior to radiation to which he immediately agrees. Mark's patient is an aging woman unlikely to make it through the day. But her nephews and niece are anxious to catch flights and can't be bothered to stick around until she dies.
Owen and Derek go to the roof of the hospital to receive a head trauma patient who was helicoptered in. The sound of the helicopter makes Owen freeze up for a moment until Derek snaps him out of it. Outside the hospital, Derek reminds Owen that PTSD is a real injury that produces real physiological changes, but it can also be healed.
Meredith tries to walk into an empty elevator, but Richard stands in front of the door blocking her way. Derek is in the elevator! He has plastered the walls of the elevator with MRI scans of all of the successful surgeries they have had together. He points out certain surgeries, like the first one they scrubbed in on together, or the one when he first realized she would become a great surgeon, and the one he just performed on Izzie for which Meredith believed in him. He tells her that she doesn't freeze. She's seen the worst and has been through the worst, but that is how she has the strength to help everyone through their times of hardship. Her dark and twistiness is a virtue, not a flaw. He doesn't get down on one knee. He doesn't ask any questions. He simply says that he loves her and wants to spend the rest of his life with her. Meredith kisses him.[2]
Reception[edit]
The episode was originally broadcast on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States on March 26, 2009. The initial airing in the United States was viewed by 15.326 million people and garnered a Nielsen rating/share in the 18–49 demographic.[3]
PopSugar called the episode classic Grey's, ""People are better than no people" is such a classic Grey's line, and I loved the old woman who just wouldn't die." and added , "Also love Karev delivering his cup to the Chief in the middle of lunch." The site also liked Derek's proposal saying, "It's not the proposal I was expecting from Derek, but I actually like it better than a room full of roses and candles.", also praising Chandra Wilson's character adding, "Bailey rocks my world, especially with her new-new hairstyle."[4]
Alan Sepinwall lauded the episode saying, "Okay, the series is on a real roll right now. I can't really forgive the ghost sex or the interns starring in their own David Cronenberg movie, but if the rest of the season is as good as the last few episodes have been, I can at least try to forget that stuff."[5] He also lauded Kevin McKidd and Sandra Oh saying, "Seeing her flail around, or some sort of insane look on his face, would have made the scene feel over-the-top and cheesy; And after being stuck on the sideline for too much of this season, McKidd and Oh are killing right now." About the proposal he gave a positive review as well saying, "I thought Derek's proposal -- and Meredith's behavior in response to his earlier attempts -- was very grown-up and sweet, and reflected a relationship that's grown to be about more than the stupid will-they-or-won't-they drama. And the moment when Derek finally came out of his stupor and started telling off the oncologist was well-played by Patrick Dempsey, who's been doing some nice work."[6]
Justin Chambers also received praise from Sepinwall, "Every time I watch Justin Chambers get a showcase episode like this, I think about how lucky he is -- and we are -- that the Cold Case producers decided to can him after a few episodes, which allowed him to land this more demanding, high-profile gig."
BuddyTV lauded the proposal scene saying, "Squeee! OMG. I usually don't gush over grand romantic gestures or anything because I have a stone-cold heart, but this is quite possibly the most perfect proposal ever."[7] Cinema Blend also gave largely positive review, "What an incredibly emotionally heavy episode! This really could have been a season finale, it was so packed with emotion, conflict, and resolution." also liked the proposal, "After realizing that Meredith wasn't saying no because she didn't want to be with him, but rather because she wanted a proposal for the right reasons and the right way. He gives her a speech about each of them, and then ties it up by pointing out when he realized certain things, culminating in when he knew he couldn't live without her and wants to spend the rest of his life with her. It was a great speech and proposal, and Meredith finally says yes."[8]
Wired added the episode in its must watch list stating, " If you did happen to endure the Meredith/McDreamy roller coaster of Season 4, this episode is your payoff. Also, former army surgeon Owen’s PTSD causes him to choke Cristina while she sleeps."[9]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "TV By The Numbers by zap2it.com". TV By The Numbers by zap2it.com. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Grey's Anatomy: Episode 5.19 "Elevator Love Letter" Recap (Page 4/4)". Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ "TV By The Numbers by zap2it.com". TV By The Numbers by zap2it.com. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ Entertainment. "Grey's Anatomy Rundown: Episode 19, "Elevator Love Letter"". POPSUGAR Entertainment. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Grey's Anatomy, "Elevator Love Letter": A more-than-decent proposal". sepinwall.blogspot.in. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Grey's Anatomy, "Elevator Love Letter": A more-than-decent proposal". NJ.com. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ "Grey's Anatomy: Episode 5.19 "Elevator Love Letter" Recap (Page 4/4)". Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ "TV Recap: Grey's Anatomy - Elevator Love Letter - CINEMABLEND". CINEMABLEND. 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
Jump up ^ Hudson, Laura. "WIRED Binge-Watching Guide: Grey's Anatomy". WIRED. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
External links[edit]
"Elevator Love Letter" on IMDb
"Elevator Love Letter" at TV.com
[hide]
v
t
e
Grey's Anatomy episodes
Season 1
"A Hard Day's Night"
"If Tomorrow Never Comes"
Season 2
"Into You Like a Train"
"It's the End of the World"
"As We Know It"
"Losing My Religion"
Season 3
"Time Has Come Today"
"I Am a Tree"
"Great Expectations"
"Wishin' and Hopin'"
"Didn't We Almost Have It All?"
Season 4
"A Change Is Gonna Come"
Season 5
"What a Difference a Day Makes"
"Stand By Me"
"Elevator Love Letter"
"Now or Never"
Season 6
"Good Mourning"
"Goodbye"
"I Always Feel Like Somebody's Watchin' Me"
"Tainted Obligation"
"Invasion"
"I Saw What I Saw"
"Give Peace a Chance"
"Invest in Love"
"I Like You So Much Better When You're Naked"
"Death and All His Friends"
Season 7
"Song Beneath the Song"
Season 8
"Flight"
Season 9
"Going, Going, Gone"
"Beautiful Doom"
"Perfect Storm"
Season 10
"Fear (of the Unknown)"
Season 11
"I Must Have Lost it on the Wind"
"Puzzle With a Piece Missing"
"Got to Be Real"
"Only Mama Knows"
"Bend & Break"
"Don't Let's Start"
"One Flight Down"
"How to Save a Life"
"She's Leaving Home"
"Time Stops"
"You're My Home"
Season 12
"Sledgehammer"
"Guess Who's Coming to Dinner"
"Something Against You"
"Things We Lost in the Fire"
"The Sound of Silence"
"Family Affair"
Season 13
"True Colors"
Season 14
"Danger Zone"
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2017–18 NBA season
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
2017–18 NBA season
League
National Basketball Association
Sport
Basketball
Duration
October 17, 2017 – April 11, 2018
April 14 – May 28, 2018 (Playoffs)
May 31 – June 17, 2018 (Finals)
Number of games
82
Number of teams
30
TV partner(s)
ABC, TNT, ESPN, NBA TV
Draft
Top draft pick
Markelle Fultz
Picked by
Philadelphia 76ers
Regular season
Playoffs
Finals
NBA seasons
← 2016–17
2018–19 →
The 2017–18 NBA season will be the 72nd season of the National Basketball Association. The regular season will begin on October 17, 2017, with the 2017 runners-up Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the Boston Celtics at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio.[1] Christmas games will be played on December 25. The 2018 NBA All-Star Game will be played on February 18, 2018, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. The regular season will end on April 11, 2018 and the playoffs will begin on April 14, 2018.
Contents
[hide]
1 Transactions
1.1 Retirement
1.2 Free agency
1.3 Coaching changes
2 Preseason
3 Regular season
3.1 International games
4 Arenas
5 Media
6 Uniforms
6.1 Uniform sponsorships
7 Notable occurrences
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Transactions[edit]
Main article: List of 2017–18 NBA season transactions
Retirement[edit]
On July 17, 2017, Paul Pierce signed a ceremonious contract with the Boston Celtics and officially retired as a Celtic after playing 19 seasons and winning one championship with the Celtics.[2]
On July 19, 2017, James Jones was announced to be the vice president of basketball operations for the Phoenix Suns, which signified his retirement after playing 14 seasons and winning two championships with the Miami Heat and one championship with the Cleveland Cavaliers.[3]
On August 4, 2017, Jason Maxiell signed a ceremonious contract with the Detroit Pistons and officially retired after playing 14 seasons.[4]
On August 15, 2017, Tayshaun Prince was announced to be assistant general manager for the Memphis Grizzlies, which signified his retirement after playing 15 seasons and winning one championship with the Detroit Pistons.[5]
On September 2,2017, Primož Brezec announced his retirement from NBA after 21 seasons. Brezec did not play since the end of 2009–10 NBA season.[6]
Free agency[edit]
Free agency negotiations began on July 1. Players began signing on July 6, after the July moratorium ended.
Coaching changes[edit]
Coaching changes
Off-season
Team
2016–17 season
2017–18 season
Preseason[edit]
The preseason will begin on September 30 and will end on October 13.
Regular season[edit]
The regular season will begin on October 17, 2017. Christmas Day games will be played on December 25, 2017.[1] The regular season will end on April 11, 2018.
International games[edit]
On August 9, 2017, the NBA announced that the Brooklyn Nets would play two regular season games at Mexico City Arena in Mexico City, Mexico. On December 7, 2017, the Nets would play against the Oklahoma City Thunder and on December 9, 2017, they would match up against the Miami Heat.[7]
On August 10, 2017, the NBA announced that the Philadelphia 76ers would play the Boston Celtics at The O2 Arena in London, United Kingdom on January 11, 2018.[8]
Arenas[edit]
This will be the Detroit Pistons' first season at Little Caesars Arena after playing at The Palace of Auburn Hills from 1988 to 2017. The team will play their first game there against the Charlotte Hornets on October 18, 2017. This will also mark the first time the Pistons have regularly played in the city of Detroit since 1978.[9]
This will be the Milwaukee Bucks' final season at the Bradley Center, their home since 1988. The team will play its final game there on April 9 against the Orlando Magic. The team is scheduled to move into the new Wisconsin Entertainment and Sports Center prior to the start of the 2018–19 NBA season.[10]
The Washington Wizards home arena, the Verizon Center, was renamed to Capital One Arena.[11]
This will be the final season the Toronto Raptors will play in the Air Canada Centre. Beginning in the 2018–19 season, the arena will be renamed to Scotiabank Arena.[12]
Media[edit]
This will be the second season of the current nine-year contracts with ABC, ESPN, TNT, and NBA TV.
Uniforms[edit]
Nike will be the official on-court apparel provider beginning with the 2017–18 season.[13] During this time, each team will be provided with four different jersey apparel that will be displayed throughout the seasons: the "Association Edition", "Icon Edition", "Athlete's Mindset Edition", and "Community Edition" jerseys will replace the more typical home and road jersey ideas with alternatives also being included as well. In addition to those jerseys, eight teams will also be provided a "Classic Edition" jersey to commemorate some of their past designs throughout the season.
The Charlotte Hornets will use the Air Jordan-branded apparel, which is endorsed by their owner Michael Jordan and is owned by Nike.[14]
The Cleveland Cavaliers will debut their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on May 31, 2017.[15]
The Detroit Pistons will debut their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on May 17, 2017.[16]
The Indiana Pacers will debut their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling new alternate logos and home floor along with their uniforms on July 28, 2017.[17][18]
The Minnesota Timberwolves will debut their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on April 11, 2017,[19] and unveiling their new uniforms on August 10, 2017.[20]
The Portland Trail Blazers will debut their new uniforms for the 2017–18 season after unveiling the new logo on May 8, 2017,[21] and unveiling their new uniforms on July 29, 2017.[22]
Uniform sponsorships[edit]
Advertisements begin to appear on league uniforms starting this season. As of September 12, 2017, fourteen teams have confirmed to sign uniform sponsorship deals:
Atlanta Hawks – Sharecare[23]
Boston Celtics – General Electric[24]
Brooklyn Nets – Infor[25]
Cleveland Cavaliers – Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company[26]
Denver Nuggets – Western Union[27]
Detroit Pistons - Flagstar Bank[28]
Golden State Warriors - Rakuten[29]
Milwaukee Bucks – Harley-Davidson[30]
Minnesota Timberwolves – Fitbit[31]
Orlando Magic – The Walt Disney Company[32]
Philadelphia 76ers – StubHub[33]
Sacramento Kings – Blue Diamond Growers[34]
Toronto Raptors – Sun Life Financial[35]
Utah Jazz – Qualtrics[36]
Notable occurrences[edit]
On July 6, 2017, the NBA unveiled an update to its logo, featuring new typography and a modified color scheme.[37]
The regular season will start eight days earlier than the previous season. This move by the NBA aims for fewer "back-to-back" games, even fewer than the previous season which had already reached an all-time low to help address teams that are "resting" their superstars.[38]
The NBA have decreased the maximum number of timeouts in a game from eighteen to fourteen. The three team timeouts during the last two minutes of the game was also decreased to two per team in the last three minutes to improve the flow and pace of the game.[39]
The trade deadline was moved from four days after the NBA All-Star Game to ten days before so teams can settle their rosters before the All-Star break.[40]
Free-throw shooters will be assessed a delay-of-game violation if they venture outside of the three-point line in between attempts.[41]
The NBA also introduces the addition of two-way contract players, signifying an increasing partnership between the NBA and the newly branded NBA G League.
See also[edit]
National Basketball Association portal
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "NBA Unveils Schedule For 2017-18 KIA Tip-Off And Christmas Day Games". NBA.com. August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hightower, Kyle. "Paul Pierce signs with Boston Celtics, then retires". NBA.com. The Associated Press. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Baum, Bob (July 19, 2017). "Suns Extend Ryan McDonough as General Manager, Name James Jones Vice President of Basketball Operations". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive. Retrieved July 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jason Maxiell officially retires from NBA as a Detroit Piston". freep.com. The Detroit Free Press. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Tillery, Ronald (August 15, 2017). "Grizzlies hiring Tayshaun Prince for front office job". The Commercial Appeal. Retrieved September 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Brezec retired and become a scout for the Cavs". Eurohoops. September 2, 2017. Retrieved September 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "NBA To Play Two Regular-Season Games In Mexico City". NBA.com. August 9, 2017. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Philadelphia 76ers and Boston Celtics To Play Regular-Season NBA Game in London". NBA.com. August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Pistons to Move to Downtown Detroit". NBA.com. November 22, 2016. Retrieved November 24, 2016.
Jump up ^ ""Engine for future growth:" Milwaukee Bucks, Design Team Release Vision for New Multi-Purpose Arena". WITI. Milwaukee. April 7, 2015. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Steinberg, Dan (August 9, 2017). "Verizon Center to become Capital One Arena, starting now". Washington Post. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Johnston, Chris (August 29, 2017). "Air Canada Centre changing name to Scotiabank Arena next summer". Sportsnet.ca. Retrieved September 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Nike to become uniform, apparel provider for NBA". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. June 10, 2015. Retrieved April 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Hornets Sports & Entertainment Announces Plans to Switch Locations of Spectrum Center Box Office and Hornets Fan Shop". NBA.com. April 24, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017. The re-opening of the Hornets Fan Shop will coincide with the launch of the team's new Jordan Brand uniforms as Nike becomes the NBA's uniform provider beginning this season. The Hornets will be the only team in the NBA wearing Jordan Brand uniforms, and with the agreement taking effect, the Hornets Fan Shop will have even more of the popular Jordan Brand Hornets merchandise than it has had previously.
Jump up ^ "Cavaliers Logo Suite Evolves to Modernize Look". NBA.com. May 31, 2017. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "PISTONS NEW LOGO FOR 2017–18 SEASON UNVELIED". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. May 17, 2017. Retrieved May 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "After a day of teasing, the Pacers delivered a full redesign and fans are underwhelmed". Indianapolis Star. Retrieved 28 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Previews of the Indiana Pacers' New Uniforms, Court, and Logos". Indiana Sports Coverage. July 28, 2017. Retrieved July 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ "TIMBERWOLVES NEW LOGO FOR 2017–18 SEASON UNVEILED". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. April 11, 2017. Retrieved April 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Lukas, Paul. "Nike's new NBA looks keep on coming". ESPN. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Holdahl, Casey (May 8, 2017). "Trail Blazers Update Pinwheel, Prepare For Jersey Changes". NBA.com. Retrieved June 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Trail Blazers Uniforms". NBA.com. July 29, 2017. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sharecare and Hawks Launch Jersey Patch Partnership And Innovative Health Movement". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. August 17, 2017. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Celtics and GE announce multi-year partnership". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. January 25, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Brooklyn Nets Form Wide-Ranging Partnership With Global Software Leader Infor". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. February 8, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Goodyear, Cavaliers Relationship Built on Shared Principles of Drive, Determination and Commitment to the Community". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. May 15, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Denver Nuggets and Western Union Announce Multi-Year Sponsorship in the Mile High City". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. August 1, 2017. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Detroit Pistons and Flagstar Bank Announce Historic Jersey Partnership | Detroit Pistons". Detroit Pistons. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Rohrbach, Ben. "Warriors, tech company reach NBA's richest jersey advertising deal — by far". sports.yahoo.com. Retrieved September 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "MILWAUKEE BUCKS AND HARLEY-DAVIDSON ROLL FULL THROTTLE INTO NBA SEASON WITH JERSEY PATCH SPONSORSHIP". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. August 10, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "MINNESOTA TIMBERWOLVES AND FITBIT ANNOUNCE MULTI-YEAR PARTNERSHIP NAMING COMPANY “OFFICIAL WEARABLE,” “OFFICIAL SLEEP TRACKER” AND JERSEY PATCH SPONSOR". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. June 20, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Magic, Disney Expanded Partnership Exciting for Both Brands". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. June 20, 2017. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sixers become first NBA team to get sponsor on jersey". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. May 16, 2016. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sacramento Kings, Blue Diamond Partner to Showcase California Growers and Inspire Health and Wellness". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. October 10, 2016. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Toronto Raptors and Sun Life Financial Announce Ground-Breaking, Expanded Partnership". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. July 6, 2017. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Utah Jazz and Qualtrics Partner To Revolutionize Fan Experience and Analytics and Accelerate Efforts to Eradicate Cancer". NBA.com. Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. February 13, 2016. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ "A first look at the NBA's refreshed logo". NBA.com. 6 July 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Wells, Adam. "Adam Silver Says 2017-18 NBA Season Will Start on Oct. 17". Bleacher Report. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Feldman, Dan. "NBA moves up trade deadline, reduces timeouts". sports.yahoo.com. Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Ward-Henninger, Colin. "NBA moves trade deadline to before All-Star Game, reduces amount of timeouts". CBSSports.com. CBS Sports. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Brown, Maury. "NBA Makes Sweeping Pace-Of-Play Changes; MLB Likely Next". Forbes.com. Forbes. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
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