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1893 in the United States
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1893 in the United States
Years
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
Flag

44 stars (1891–96)
Timeline of United States history
History of the United States (1865–1918)
Events from the year 1893 in the United States.
Contents
[hide]
1 Incumbents
1.1 Federal Government
1.2 Governors
1.3 Lieutenant Governors
2 Events
2.1 January–March
2.2 April–June
2.3 July–September
2.4 October–December
2.5 Undated
2.6 Ongoing
3 Births
4 Deaths
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Incumbents[edit]
Federal Government[edit]
President: Benjamin Harrison (R-Indiana) (until March 4), Grover Cleveland (D-New York) (starting March 4)
Vice President: Levi P. Morton (R-New York) (until March 4), Adlai E. Stevenson I (D-Illinois) (starting March 4)
Chief Justice: Melville Fuller (Illinois)
Speaker of the House of Representatives: Charles Frederick Crisp (D-Georgia)
Congress: 52nd (until March 4), 53rd (starting March 4)
showGovernors and Lieutenant Governors
Governors[edit]
Governor of Alabama: Thomas G. Jones (Democratic)
Governor of Arkansas: James Philip Eagle (Democratic) (until January 10), William Meade Fishback (Democratic) (starting January 10)
Governor of California: Henry Markham (Republican)
Governor of Colorado: John Long Routt (Republican) (until January 10), Davis Hanson Waite (People's) (starting January 10)
Governor of Connecticut: Morgan G. Bulkeley (Republican) (until January 4), Luzon B. Morris (Democratic) (starting January 4)
Governor of Delaware: Robert J. Reynolds (Democratic)
Governor of Florida: Francis P. Fleming (Democratic) (until January 3), Henry L. Mitchell (Democratic) (starting January 3)
Governor of Georgia: William J. Northen (Democratic)
Governor of Idaho: N. B. Willey (Republican) (until January 2), William J. McConnell (Republican) (starting January 2)
Governor of Illinois: Joseph W. Fifer (Republican) (until January 10), John Peter Altgeld (Democratic) (starting January 10)
Governor of Indiana: Ira Joy Chase (Republican) (until January 9), Claude Matthews (Democratic) (starting January 9)
Governor of Iowa: Horace Boies (Democratic)
Governor of Kansas: Lyman U. Humphrey (Republican) (until January 8), Lorenzo D. Lewelling (Populist) (starting January 8)
Governor of Kentucky: John Y. Brown (Democratic)
Governor of Louisiana: Murphy James Foster, Sr. (Democratic)
Governor of Maine: Edwin C. Burleigh (Republican) (until January 4), Henry B. Cleaves (Republican) (starting January 4)
Governor of Maryland: Frank Brown (Democratic)
Governor of Massachusetts: William E. Russell (Democratic)
Governor of Michigan: Edwin B. Winans (Democratic) (until January 1), John T. Rich (Republican) (starting January 1)
Governor of Minnesota: William R. Merriam (Republican) (until January 9), Knute Nelson (Republican) (starting January 9)
Governor of Mississippi: John M. Stone (Democratic)
Governor of Missouri: David R. Francis (Democratic) (until January 9), William Joel Stone (Democratic) (starting January 9)
Governor of Montana: Joseph Toole (Democratic) (until January 1), John E. Rickards (Republican) (starting January 1)
Governor of Nebraska: James E. Boyd (Democratic) (until January 13), Lorenzo Crounse (Republican) (starting January 13)
Governor of Nevada: Roswell K. Colcord (Republican)
Governor of New Hampshire: Hiram A. Tuttle (Republican) (until January 5), John Butler Smith (Republican) (starting January 5)
Governor of New Jersey: Leon Abbett (Democratic) (until January 17), George Theodore Werts (Democratic) (starting January 17)
Governor of New York: Roswell P. Flower (Democratic)
Governor of North Carolina: Thomas Michael Holt (Democratic) (until January 18), Elias Carr (Democratic) (starting January 18)
Governor of North Dakota: Andrew H. Burke (Republican) (until January 3), Eli C. D. Shortridge (Democratic)/(Independent) (starting January 3)
Governor of Ohio: William McKinley (Republican)
Governor of Oregon: Sylvester Pennoyer (Democratic)
Governor of Pennsylvania: Robert E. Pattison (Democratic)
Governor of Rhode Island: D. Russell Brown (Republican)
Governor of South Carolina: Benjamin Ryan Tillman (Democratic)
Governor of South Dakota: Arthur C. Mellette (Republican) (until January 3), Charles H. Sheldon (Republican) (starting January 3)
Governor of Tennessee: John P. Buchanan (Farm-Labor) (until January 16), Peter Turney (Democratic) (starting January 16)
Governor of Texas: James Stephen Hogg (Democratic)
Governor of Vermont: Levi K. Fuller (Republican)
Governor of Virginia: Philip W. McKinney (Democratic)
Governor of Washington: Elisha Peyre Ferry (Republican) (until January 4), John McGraw (Republican) (starting January 4)
Governor of West Virginia: Aretas B. Fleming (Democratic) (until March 4), William A. MacCorkle (Democratic) (starting March 4)
Governor of Wisconsin: George W. Peck (Democratic)
Governor of Wyoming: Amos W. Barber (Republican) (until January 2), John E. Osborne (Democratic) (starting January 2)
Lieutenant Governors[edit]
Lieutenant Governor of California: John B. Reddick (Republican)
Lieutenant Governor of Colorado: William Story (Republican) (until January 10), David Hopkinson Nichols (Democratic) (starting January 10)
Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: Samuel E. Merwin (Republican) (until January 4), Ernest Cady (Democratic) (starting January 4)
Lieutenant Governor of Idaho: John S. Gray (Republican) (until January 2), F. B. Willis (Republican) (starting January 2)
Lieutenant Governor of Illinois: Lyman Ray (Republican) (until month and day unknown), Joseph B. Gill (Democratic) (starting month and day unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of Indiana: Francis M. Griffith (Republican) (until January 9), Mortimer Nye (Democratic) (starting January 9)
Lieutenant Governor of Iowa: Samuel L. Bestow (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of Kansas: Andrew J. Felt (Republican) (until January 8), Percy Daniels (Populist) (starting January 8)
Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: Mitchell Cary Alford (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana: Charles Parlange (Democratic) (until month and day unknown), Hiram R. Lott (Democratic) (starting month and day unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: William H. Haile (political party unknown) (until month and day unknown), Roger Wolcott (political party unknown) (starting month and day unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of Michigan: John Strong (Democratic) (until January 1), J. Wight Giddings (Republican) (starting January 1)
Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota: Gideon S. Ives (Republican) (until January 3), David M. Clough (Republican) (starting January 3)
Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi: M. M. Evans (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of Missouri: Stephen H. Claycomb (Democratic) (until January 9), John B. O'Meara (Democratic) (starting January 9)
Lieutenant Governor of Montana: John E. Rickards (Republican) (until month and day unknown), Alexander Campbell Botkin (Republican) (starting month and day unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of Nebraska: Thomas J. Majors (Republican)
Lieutenant Governor of Nevada: Joseph Poujade (political party unknown)
Lieutenant Governor of New York: William F. Sheehan (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina: vacant (until January 18), Rufus A. Doughton (Democratic) (starting January 18)
Lieutenant Governor of North Dakota: Roger Allin (Republican) (until January 3), Elmer D. Wallace (Democratic) (starting January 3)
Lieutenant Governor of Ohio: Andrew L. Harris (Republican)
Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania: Louis Arthur Watres (Republican)
Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Melville Bull (Republican)
Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: Eugene Cary (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota: George H. Hoffman (Republican) (until January 3), Charles N. Herreid (Republican) (starting January 3)
Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee: William C. Dismukes (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of Texas: George Cassety Pendleton (Democratic) (until January 17), Martin McNulty Crane (Democratic) (starting January 17)
Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: F. Stewart Stranahan (Republican)
Lieutenant Governor of Virginia: James Hoge Tyler (Democratic)
Lieutenant Governor of Washington: Charles E. Laughton (Republican) (until January 9), F. H. Luce (Republican) (starting January 9)
Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin: Charles Jonas (Democratic)
Events[edit]
January–March[edit]
March 4: Grover Cleveland becomes President
January 2 – Webb C. Ball introduces railroad chronometers, which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.
January 17 – The U.S. Marines intervene in Hawaii, resulting in overthrow of the government of Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii.
January 21 – The Cherry Sisters first perform in Marion, Iowa.
February 1 – Thomas A. Edison finishes construction of the first motion picture studio in West Orange, New Jersey.
February 24 – American University is established by an Act of Congress in Washington, D.C.
February 28 – USS Indiana, the lead ship of her class and the first battleship in the United States Navy comparable to foreign battleships of this time, is launched at Philadelphia; she is commissioned in 1895.
March 4 – Grover Cleveland is sworn in as the 24th President of the United States.
April–June[edit]
April 1 – The rank of Chief Petty Officer is established in the U.S. Navy.
April 8 – The first recorded college basketball game occurs in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania between the Geneva College Covenanters and the New Brighton YMCA.
May 1 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in Chicago, Illinois. The first U.S. commemorative postage stamps are issued for the Exposition.
May 5 – Panic of 1893: A crash on the New York Stock Exchange starts a depression.
May 9 – Edison's 1½ inch system of Kinetoscope is first demonstrated in public at the Brooklyn Institute.
July–September[edit]
July 1 – U.S. President Grover Cleveland has a secret operation to remove cancer in his mouth.
July 6 – The small town of Pomeroy, Iowa is nearly destroyed by a tornado; 71 people are killed and 200 injured.
July 12 – Frederick Jackson Turner gives a lecture titled "The Significance of the Frontier in American History" before the American Historical Association in Chicago.[1]
July 22 – Katharine Lee Bates writes America the Beautiful, after admiring the view from the top of Pikes Peak, near Colorado Springs, Colorado.
August 27 – The Sea Islands Hurricane hits Savannah, Charleston, and the Sea Islands, killing 1,000–2,000.
September 11–27 – The World Parliament of Religions opens in Chicago.
September 11 – Standing ovation to Hindu monk Swami Vivekanda for his address in Response to the welcome at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.
September 19 – Swami Vivekananda delivers an inspiring speech on his paper at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.
September 21 – Brothers Charles and Frank Duryea drive the first gasoline-powered motorcar in America on public roads in Springfield, Massachusetts.
September 23 – The Bahá'í Faith is first publicly mentioned in the United States at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago.
October–December[edit]
October 7 – Finley Peter Dunne introduces his character Mr. Dooley in the Chicago Evening Post.
October 11 – Saint Anselm College in Goffstown, New Hampshire is officially dedicated.
November 7 – Colorado women are granted the right to vote.
Undated[edit]
1893 beer bottle, found in Arizona with a prohibition booklet wrapped around it.
Sisters Patty and Mildred J. Hill publish Song Stories for the Kindergarten including "Good Morning to All", which later becomes known as "Happy Birthday to You".
The American National Sculpture Society (NSS) is founded.
T.M.I.: The Episcopal School of Texas is founded.
Colored High becomes the first African American high school in Houston, Texas; its name is later changed to Booker T. Washington High School.
Evergreen Park, Illinois is founded.
The American Council on Alcohol Problems is established, along with the Anti-Saloon League and the Committee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem.
American Temperance University is opened.
Garza Revolution in Texas and Mexico from 1891 to 1893.
Ongoing[edit]
Gilded Age (1869–c. 1896)
Gay Nineties (1890–1899)
Progressive Era (1890s–1920s)
Panic of 1893 (1893–1894)
Births[edit]
January 18 – Thomas E. Martin, United States Senator from Iowa from 1955 till 1961. (died 1971)
January 23 – Frank Carlson, United States Senator from Kansas from 1950 till 1969. (died 1987)
March 27 – G. Lloyd Spencer, United States Senator from Arkansas from 1941 till 1943. (died 1981)
August 20 – Robert Humphreys, United States Senator from Kentucky in 1956. (died 1977)
August 30 – Huey Long, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1932 till 1935. (died 1935)
August 31 – Raymond E. Baldwin, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1946 till 1949. (died 1986)
September 6 – John W. Bricker, United States Senator from Ohio from 1947 to 1959. (died 1986)
September 24 – Blind Lemon Jefferson, American blues and gospel singer-songwriter (died 1929)
Deaths[edit]
January 11 – Benjamin Butler, major general of the Union Army during the American Civil War, and for his leader in the impeachment of Andrew Johnson (born 1818)
January 17 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the U.S. from 1877 to 1881 (born 1822)
January 23 – Phillips Brooks, Episcopal clergyman (born 1835)
January 27 – James G. Blaine, U.S. Senator from Maine from 1876 to 1881 and Secretary of State in 1881 and from 1889 to 1892 (born 1830)
February 1 – Joseph P. Comegys, U.S. Senator from Delaware from 1856 to 1857 (born 1813)
February 19 – George E. Spencer, U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1868 to 1879 (born 1836)
February 20 – P. G. T. Beauregard, Southern military officer, politician, inventor, writer, civil servant, and the first prominent general of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War (born 1818)
March 2 – Richard M. Bishop, 34th Governor of Ohio from 1878 to 1880 (born 1812)
March 18 – David H. Armstrong, Canadian-born U.S. Senator from Missouri from 1877 to 1879 (born 1812)
March 22 – Eli M. Saulsbury, U.S. Senator from Delaware from 1871 to 1889 (born 1817)
March 28 – Edmund Kirby Smith, career United States Army officer who served with the Confederates during the American Civil War (born 1824)
April 4 – David Meriwether, U.S. Senator from Kentucky in 1852 (born 1800)
June 7 – Edwin Booth, actor (born 1833)
June 21 – Leland Stanford, U.S. Senator from California from 1885 to 1893 (born 1824)
July 2 – Georgiana Drew, comic actress (born 1856)
July 19 – Charles Colcock Jones, Jr., Georgia politician, attorney, historian and folklorist (born 1831)
August 10 – Robert Cornelius, pioneer of photography (born 1809)
September 29 – Willis Benson Machen, U.S. Senator from Kentucky from 1872 to 1873 (born 1810)
November 11 – Charles Henry Bell, U.S. Senator from New Hampshire in 1879 (born 1823)
See also[edit]
List of American films of the 1890s
Timeline of United States history (1860–1899)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Catherine Cocks; et al. (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Progressive Era. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6293-7.
External links[edit]
Media related to 1893 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
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text:
The Challenge: Fresh Meat II
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Challenge: Fresh Meat II
Title Frame
Genre
Reality game show
Created by
Mary-Ellis Bunim
Jonathan Murray
Presented by
T. J. Lavin
Starring
Winners and teammates
Landon Lueck
Carley Johnson
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of series
19
No. of episodes
12 (Special & Reunion Included)
Production
Production location(s)
Whistler, British Columbia, Canada
Running time
60 minutes (including commercials)
Release
Original network
MTV
Picture format
16:9 HD
Original release
April 7 (2010-04-07) – June 9, 2010 (2010-06-09)
Chronology
Preceded by
The Ruins
Followed by
Cutthroat
The Challenge: Fresh Meat II is the 19th season of the MTV reality game show, The Challenge. Fresh Meat II is the sequel to the show's 12th season, Fresh Meat. Continuing with the precursor's advent of original contestants, Fresh Meat II also introduced a slew of previously unknown contestants who had never appeared on either The Real World or Road Rules.
Filmed in Whistler, British Columbia, Fresh Meat II featured two-player teams; each team had an alumnus of The Real World, Road Rules, or the original Fresh Meat, partnered with a newcomer of the opposite gender to The Challenge (collectively known as the new "Fresh Meat"). A "Meet the Meat" special premiered on March 31, 2010.[1] The season premiered on April 7, 2010, and concluded on June 9, 2010, with the reunion show.[2] Fresh Meat II marked the second time in which the show was renamed, no longer using Real World/Road Rules as the main title, but simply The Challenge, though host T. J. Lavin used "Real World/Road Rules Challenge" on the first episode in speaking to the contestants.
Contents
1 Cast
2 Format
3 Teams
3.1 Stats
3.2 Draft selections
4 Gameplay
4.1 Challenge games
4.2 Exiles
4.3 Final challenge
5 Game summary
5.1 Elimination chart
5.2 Fresh Meat progress
5.3 Voting Progress
6 Teams
7 Episodes
7.1 Reunion special
8 After filming
8.1 Subsequent Challenges
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Cast[edit]
Host: T. J. Lavin, BMX rider
Alumni
Original season
Fresh Meat
Team
Hometown
Finish
Landon Lueck RW: Philadelphia Carley Johnson 25[3] Las Vegas, NV Winners
Kenny Santucci Fresh Meat Laurel Stucky 24[4] Detroit, MI Runners-Up
Jillian Zoboroski RR: X-Treme Peter "Pete" Connolly 21[5] Wellesley, MA Third Place
Jenn Grijalva RW: Denver Noor Jehangir 24[6] Austin, TX Fourth Place
Ryan Kehoe Fresh Meat Theresa Gonzalez 24[7] Milwaukee, WI Episode 9/10[a]
Evelyn Smith[b] Fresh Meat Luke Wolfe 22[9] Eugene, OR Episode 8/9[c]
Wes Bergmann RW: Austin Mandi Moyer 21[10] Portland, OR Episode 7
CJ Koegel RW: Cancun Sydney Walker 21[11] Washington, D.C. Episode 6
Danny Jamieson RW: Austin Sandy Kang 22[12] Tacoma, WA Episode 5
Katelynn Cusanelli RW: Brooklyn Brandon Nelson 25[13] Jacksonville, AR Episode 4[d]
Paula Meronek RW: Key West Jeff Barr 25[14] Dallas, TX Episode 3
Sarah Rice RW: Brooklyn Vinny Foti 25[15] Boston, MA Episode 2
Darrell Taylor RR: Campus Crawl Cara Maria Sorbello 23[16] Methuen, MA Episode 1
^1 Age at the time of filming.
Format[edit]
Fresh Meat II follows the same format as the original Fresh Meat season (click here for further information), with the following difference: Teams do not participate in a follow-up challenge prior to the Exile elimination. Therefore, the teams that are selected for Exile do not have a chance to win a pardon and replace themselves with a non-winning team from the previous mission, as was the case in original Fresh Meat.[2][17]
At the end of the season, four teams will compete in the final challenge. First-place wins $200,000, second-place wins $60,000, third-place wins $40,000 and fourth-place wins nothing.[17]
Teams[edit]
Stats[edit]
Each of the 13 Fresh Meat II cast members participated in a multi-challenge obstacle course, testing their strength, stamina, and mental ability. The alumni used the stats from each player's obstacle course performance to determine their partner.[1]
The multi-challenge obstacle course included:
Pull-ups
40-yard dash
Vertical leap
An obstacle course consisting of a series of wall climbs, a Brainteaser puzzle, and a rope climb
Fresh Meat
Pull-ups
Vertical leap
40-yard Dash
Obstacle course
Brandon Drake Nelson 10 3'6" 5.62 sec 3 min 09 sec
Cara Maria Sorbello 6 2'6" 6.13 sec 6 min 51 sec
Carley Johnson 0 2'4" 7.15 sec DQ
Jeff Barr 19 3'9" 5.63 sec 5 min 19 sec
Laurel Stucky 2 3'1" 6.42 sec 3 min 00 sec
Luke Wolfe 15 3'8" 5.44 sec 2 min 47 sec
Mandi Moyer 0 1'6" 7.38 sec DQ
Noor Jehangir 21 3'7" 4.84 sec 2 min 30 sec
Pete Connolly 7 3'6" 5.50 sec 3 min 50 sec
Sandy Kang 0 2'7" 6.83 sec 4 min 27 sec
Sydney Walker 0 2'6" 6.57 sec 5 min 40 sec
Theresa Gonzalez 0 2'2" 6.56 sec 6 min 45 sec
Vinny Foti 11 4'0" 5.53 sec DQ
Draft selections[edit]
Pick #
Alumni
Draft Pick
Gender
Team
1 Darrell Taylor Cara Maria Sorbello Female Darrell & Cara Maria
2 Jenn Grijalva Noor Jehangir Male Jenn & Noor
3 Kenny Santucci Laurel Stucky Female Kenny & Laurel
4 Danny Jamieson Sandy Kang Female Danny & Sandy
5 Wes Bergmann Mandi Moyer Female Wes & Mandi
6 Ryan Kehoe Theresa Gonzalez Female Ryan & Theresa
7 CJ Koegel Sydney Walker Female CJ & Sydney
8 Landon Lueck Carley Johnson Female Landon & Carley
9 Paula Meronek Jeff Barr Male Paula & Jeff
10 Sarah Rice Vinny Foti Male Sarah & Vinny
11 Jillian Zoboroski Pete Connolly Male Jillian & Pete
12 Katelynn Cusanelli Brandon Drake Nelson Male Katelynn & Brandon
13 Evelyn Smith[b] Luke Wolfe Male Evelyn & Luke
Gameplay[edit]
Challenge games[edit]
Dirty Mouth: Players have to transfer oversize balls out of a mud pit while blindfolded. The challenge is played in multiple rounds, alternating between male and female. There are fewer balls than players, and the blindfolded players are guided by their partners on the sidelines as to where a ball is located, as well as if they can steal a ball from an opposing player. If a player fails to get out of the pit with a ball before the end of a round, that player, along with their partner, is eliminated from the remainder of the challenge. The last player remaining who transfers a ball out of the mud pit wins the challenge for their team.[17]
Winners: Kenny & Laurel
I'll Be There For You: Teams have to pick up a weighted chest that is chained to a platform submerged 15 feet below water. Once a player swims down to pick up the chest, the chest cannot touch the platform, and their teammate can swim down to relieve their partner if he/she needs to take a breath above the water. If the chest drops down to the platform, or if the heads of both team members go above the water, the team's time is stopped. The two teams that hold the chest above the platform for the longest time without both players going above the water will battle it out in a final round, and the team that wins the final round wins the challenge.[19]
Winners: Landon & Carley
Water Logged: Teams have to advance from one end of a platform to another that is suspended high above water. Each player has to swing on a series of logs that is hanging from the base of the platform. Each log is of a different length. A team is disqualified if one or both players falls into the water. The team that advances to the end of the platform in the fastest time wins.[20]
Winners: Kenny & Laurel
King Of The Wall: Teams have to swim 30 yards from a floating dock to a slippery climbing wall that is positioned at a 45° angle. The team that climbs to the top of the wall and rings a bell in the fastest time wins.[21]
Winners: Kenny & Laurel
Drop Out: Teams have to climb up a swivel rope ladder that leads to a platform that is suspended 30 feet above water. After reaching the platform, players have to run, jump and hang onto a large canvas bag that is hanging from above. Both players from each team must hang onto the bag simultaneously for five seconds, which will stop the team time. If one or both players falls into the water, they must start over, but the team time will continue. A team is disqualified if they do not complete the challenge within a 15-minute time limit. The team with the fastest time wins.[22]
Winners: Kenny & Laurel
Turn Style: Two giant logs are perpendicularly placed in the center of a "turnstyle," in the shape of a "X," and teams have to push the logs 180° from start to finish. However, other teams will try to do the same — with the other log in the opposite direction, making it difficult for any team to push the logs. The challenge is played in multiple rounds — tournament-style, with two teams per log on opposite sides. The team that wins the final round wins the challenge.[23]
Winners: Jillian & Pete
Airheads: Teams have to slide down a 200-foot ramp that will launch each player into a lake, and each team has to swim to the middle of the lake, where there is a floating log holding up a sign containing a diagram of a puzzle. Each team has to memorize the diagram, then swim back to shore to solve a giant puzzle (resembling a Tetris board) that will duplicate the diagram of the sign in the middle of the lake. Each team can swim to and from the diagram and the shore as many times as they need to solve the puzzle, but the team that solves the puzzle in the fastest time wins.[24]
Winners: Landon & Carley
Wrecking Ball: Teams have to build an Inukshuk puzzle within a large circular area. The female team member is hanging by a rope, upside down from a platform, in the center that will interfere with the building of the puzzle. The male team member will have to swing their female partner around and away from the center in order to collect the large puzzle pieces, and keep the female partner from knocking over the pieces. The puzzle pieces have to stand for at least five seconds before the team time is stopped. The team that builds the Inukshuk puzzle in the fastest time wins.[25]
Winners: Jenn & Noor
Obstacle: Teams have to race through an "obstacle course" that is spread out over half a mile within a field. The course contains ten various "obstacles," in which teams have to race through, over and around them as fast as possible. The tenth and final obstacle is "Defender," in which opposing players have to prevent players of the same gender from advancing from one end of a mud pit to another, where the finish line is located. The team that advances through the entire course in the fastest time wins and automatically advances to the final challenge, while the two teams (out of five) that finish in the bottom two automatically go to Exile.[8]
Winners: Kenny & Laurel
Exiles[edit]
Note: Each Exile elimination alternated between "Lost & Found" and "Weight For Me" in the first seven episodes (though "Weight For Me" was not played in Episode 4[d]), while "Weight For Me: Blackout" was played in both Episodes 8 and 9.
Lost & Found: Teams are given a map and must carry two weighted backpacks while running through a course in the woods. Along the way they must complete several puzzles. The first team to reach the finish line wins.[17][20][22][24]
Played by: Darrell & Cara Maria vs. Jillian & Pete, Evelyn & Luke vs. Paula & Jeff, Danny & Sandy vs. Jillian & Pete, Evelyn & Luke vs. Wes & Mandi
Weight For Me: Teams must race up a mountain and complete various brain teaser puzzles. Along the way, they must carry weight of 100 pounds on their shoulders, distributed whichever way they want.[19][23]
Played by: Kenny & Laurel vs. Sarah & Vinny, CJ & Sydney vs. Landon & Carley
Weight For Me: Blackout: The exile is played the same as Weight For Me, but played at nighttime. Instead of 100 pounds, the teams must carry around 150 pounds of weight distributed in whichever way they want.[25][8][26]
Played by: Evelyn & Luke vs. Landon & Carley, Jenn & Noor vs. Ryan & Theresa
Final challenge[edit]
First, each team must paddle a canoe across a giant lake to a puzzle. Once they finish that, they can head to a helicopter. Reaching the helicopter first is very important because it determines the penalty that teams will have to take before they can continue on to the second part of the challenge. The team that wins the first phase gets a two-minute headstart, the second-place finisher gets a one-minute headstart while the third-place finisher gets a 30-second headstart. The second phase of the challenge starts with a giant Sudoku puzzle, followed by a mountain bike ride except that the two bikes are tied together with a rope so the teams will have to stay together. After a puzzle that involves carrying color-coded logs to match a diagram, the teams must climb a very steep mountain, carrying a heavy bag. Once completed with a numbered puzzle, they're given helmets and an ice axe and have to climb the top of the mountain. The first team to climb up the mountain and reaches the flag, wins Fresh Meat II.[26]
The Challenge: Fresh Meat II Winners: Landon & Carley (won $200,000)
Second-place: Kenny & Laurel (won $60,000)
Third-place: Jillian & Pete (won $40,000)
Fourth-place: Jenn & Noor
Game summary[edit]
Elimination chart[edit]
Episode
Winners
Exile contestants
Exile game
Exile outcome
#
Challenge
Last Place
Winner's pick
Voted in
Winners
Losers
1
Dirty Mouth Kenny & Laurel N/A Darrell & Cara Maria Jillian & Pete Lost & Found Jillian & Pete Darrell & Cara Maria
2
I'll Be There For You Landon & Carley Kenny & Laurel Sarah & Vinny Weight For Me Kenny & Laurel Sarah & Vinny
3
Water Logged Kenny & Laurel Evelyn & Luke Paula & Jeff Lost & Found Evelyn & Luke Paula & Jeff
4
King Of The Wall Kenny & Laurel CJ & Sydney Katelynn & Brandon N/A[d]
5
Drop Out Kenny & Laurel Danny & Sandy Jillian & Pete Lost & Found Jillian & Pete Danny & Sandy
6
Turn Style Jillian & Pete Landon & Carley CJ & Sydney Weight For Me Landon & Carley CJ & Sydney
7
Airheads Landon & Carley Wes & Mandi Evelyn & Luke Lost & Found Evelyn & Luke Wes & Mandi
8/9
Wrecking Ball Jenn & Noor Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley Weight For Me: Black Out[c] Landon & Carley Evelyn & Luke
9/10
Obstacle Kenny & Laurel Jenn & Noor N/A Weight For Me: Black Out Jenn & Noor Ryan & Theresa
Ryan & Theresa
10
Final Challenge Landon & Carley 2nd place: Kenny & Laurel; 3rd place: Jillian & Pete; 4th place: Jenn & Noor
Fresh Meat progress[edit]
Teams
Challenges
1
2
3
4[d]
5
6
7
8/9[c]
9/10[a]
Finale
Landon & Carley SAFE WIN SAFE SAFE SAFE EXILE WIN EXILE SAFE WINNERS
Kenny & Laurel WIN EXILE WIN WIN WIN SAFE SAFE SAFE WIN SECOND
Jillian & Pete EXILE SAFE SAFE SAFE EXILE WIN SAFE SAFE SAFE THIRD
Jenn & Noor SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE WIN EXILE FOURTH
Ryan & Theresa SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE OUT
Evelyn & Luke SAFE SAFE EXILE SAFE SAFE SAFE EXILE OUT
Wes & Mandi SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE OUT
CJ & Sydney SAFE SAFE SAFE EXILE SAFE OUT
Danny & Sandy SAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE OUT
Katelynn & Brandon SAFE SAFE SAFE DQ
Paula & Jeff SAFE SAFE OUT
Sarah & Vinny SAFE OUT
Darrell & Cara Maria OUT
The team won the competition.
The team did not win the final challenge, but won money.
The team did not win the final challenge and didn't win any money.
The team won the challenge, and was safe from Exile.
The team won the Exile.
The team was selected for Exile, but did not have to compete.
The team did not win the challenge, but was safe from Exile.
The team lost the Exile and was eliminated.
The team was disqualified prior to the Exile and was eliminated.
Voting Progress[edit]
Voted into
the Exile
Darrell & Cara Maria
1 of 1 votes Kenny & Laurel
1 of 1 votes Evelyn & Luke
1 of 1 votes CJ & Sydney
1 of 1 votes Danny & Sandy
1 of 1 votes Landon & Carley
1 of 1 votes Wes & Mandi
1 of 1 votes Evelyn & Luke
1 of 1 votes
Jillian & Pete
20 of 20 votes Sarah & Vinny
11 of 20 votes Paula & Jeff
6 of 10 votes Katelynn & Brandon
14 of 14 votes Jillian & Pete
8 of 8 votes CJ & Sydney
10 of 10 votes Evelyn & Luke
6 of 8 votes Landon & Carley
6 of 6 votes
Voter
Episode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Landon Jillian & Pete Kenny & Laurel Paula & Jeff Katelynn & Brandon Jillian & Pete Ineligible Wes & Mandi Jillian & Pete
Carley Jillian & Pete Paula & Jeff Katelynn & Brandon Jillian & Pete Jillian & Pete
Kenny Darrell & Cara Maria Ineligible Evelyn & Luke CJ & Sydney Danny & Sandy CJ & Sydney Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley
Laurel CJ & Sydney Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley
Jillian Unknown Wes & Mandi Unknown Katelynn & Brandon Unknown Landon & Carley Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley
Pete Unknown Sarah & Vinny Unknown Katelynn & Brandon Unknown Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley
Jenn Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi Wes & Mandi Katelynn & Brandon Unknown CJ & Sydney Unknown Evelyn & Luke
Noor Jillian & Pete Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi Katelynn & Brandon Unknown CJ & Sydney Unknown
Ryan Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi Unknown Katelynn & Brandon Unknown CJ & Sydney Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley
Theresa Jillian & Pete Katelynn & Brandon Unknown Katelynn & Brandon Unknown CJ & Sydney Evelyn & Luke Landon & Carley
Evelyn Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Ineligible Katelynn & Brandon Jillian & Pete CJ & Sydney Jillian & Pete Ineligible
Luke Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Katelynn & Brandon Jillian & Pete CJ & Sydney Jillian & Pete
Wes Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Paula & Jeff Katelynn & Brandon Jillian & Pete CJ & Sydney Ineligible
Mandi Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Paula & Jeff Katelynn & Brandon Jillian & Pete CJ & Sydney
CJ Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Paula & Jeff Ineligible Jillian & Pete Unknown
Sydney Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Paula & Jeff Jillian & Pete Unknown
Danny Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Unknown Katelynn & Brandon Ineligible
Sandy Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Unknown Katelynn & Brandon
Katelynn Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Unknown Unknown
Brandon Jillian & Pete Sarah & Vinny Unknown Unknown
Paula Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi Landon & Carley
Jeff Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi Landon & Carley
Sarah Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi
Vinny Jillian & Pete Wes & Mandi
Darrell Ineligible
Cara Maria
Teams[edit]
Turn Style (Ep. 6)
Team Kenny & Laurel
Team Ryan & Theresa
Team Jenn & Noor
Team Wes & Mandi
Kenny & Laurel Ryan & Theresa Jenn & Noor Wes & Mandi
Jillian & Pete Landon & Carley Evelyn & Luke CJ & Sydney
Episodes[edit]
No. in
season
No. in
series
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
1
242 "Nice to Meat You" April 7, 2010 (2010-04-07) 1.39[27]
2
243 "Meating of the Minds" April 14, 2010 (2010-04-14) 1.24[28]
3
244 "Sloppy Ho's" April 21, 2010 (2010-04-21) 1.56[29]
4
245 "Meats 'N Potatoes" April 28, 2010 (2010-04-28) 1.13[30]
5
246 "Road Kill" May 5, 2010 (2010-05-05) 1.15[31]
6
247 "Checkmeat!" May 12, 2010 (2010-05-12) 1.06
7
248 "Trimming The Fat" May 19, 2010 (2010-05-19) 1.20[32]
8
249 "Spoiled Rotten Meat" May 26, 2010 (2010-05-26) 0.93[33]
9
250 "All U Can Eat Stakes" June 2, 2010 (2010-06-02) 1.11
10
251 "Well Done, Meat" June 9, 2010 (2010-06-09) 1.16[34]
Reunion special[edit]
The Challenge: Fresh Meat II Reunion was aired after the season finale and was hosted by Maria Menounos on June 9, 2010. The cast members who attended the reunion were Kenny, Wes, Mandi, Carley, Landon, Jenn, Pete, Theresa, Ryan, Ev, Laurel, Noor, Danny and Jillian. A preview for The Real World: New Orleans is shown, thus ending another challenge reunion.[35]
After filming[edit]
Subsequent Challenges[edit]
Fresh Meat II
Subsequent Challenge seasons
Challenge Spin-offs
Challenges Won
Total Money Earned
Brandon Nelson Cutthroat, Rivals, Battle of the Seasons (2012), Free Agents – None $0
Cara Maria Sorbello Cutthroat, Rivals, Battle of the Exes, Battle of the Seasons (2012), Rivals II, Free Agents, Battle of the Bloodlines, Invasion of the Champions, XXX: Dirty 30, Vendettas, Final Reckoning, Season 33 TBD Champs vs. Pros Battle of the Bloodlines, Vendettas
+
Champs vs. Pros $603,625
+
$50,000 for charity
Carley Johnson – – Fresh Meat II $100,000
Jeff Barr – – None $0
Laurel Stucky Cutthroat, Rivals, Free Agents, Invasion of the Champions – Free Agents $201,000
Luke Wolfe Cutthroat – None $20,000
Mandi Moyer Cutthroat, Rivals, Battle of the Exes – None $0
Noor Jehengir – – None $0
Pete Connolly – – None $20,000
Sandy Kang – – None $0
Sydney Walker – – None $0
Theresa Gonzalez Cutthroat, Rivals, Rivals II, Free Agents, Battle of the Exes II – None $35,500
Vinny Foti Cutthroat, Battle of the Exes – None $0
Challenge in bold indicates that the contestant was a finalist on The Challenge.
Note: Laurel made an appearance on Vendettas for an elimination.
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Jenn & Noor and Ryan & Theresa were automatically sent to Exile, after they placed in the bottom two in the "Obstacle" challenge. Prior to the challenge, host T. J. Lavin informed each team that the top three finishers were safe from Exile and automatically in the final challenge, instead of the deliberations of the previous missions.[8]
^ Jump up to: a b At the end of the draft selections, Fresh Meat II contestant Luke Wolfe was temporarily left without a partner from the alumni, because original contestant Jonna Mannion (from RW: Cancun) was unable to make it into the country due to a lost passport prior to the departure.[18] Evelyn Smith was brought in as a last-minute replacement, automatically making her Luke's Fresh Meat partner.[17]
^ Jump up to: a b c Evelyn & Luke beat out Landon & Carley in the Episode 8 Exile. However, they skipped the last puzzle, which would have enabled Landon & Carley to win the Exile if they reached the finish line within a five-minute time limit.[25] Landon & Carley beat the five-minute time limit, thus winning the Exile and eliminating Evelyn & Luke.[8]
^ Jump up to: a b c d No Exile was held in Episode 4. CJ & Sydney were selected for Exile, but did not have to compete, because the team that was chosen to face them — Katelynn & Brandon — was disqualified after Brandon consumed alcohol prior to the Exile. It had been implied, though, that Katelynn would have been physically incapable of competing after she suffered a severe knee injury during the "King Of The Wall" challenge.[21]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "The Challenge: Fresh Meat II: Meet The Meat – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "The Challenge: Fresh Meat II at MTV.com".
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Carley Johnson". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Laurel Stucky". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Pete Connolly". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Noor Jehangir". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Theresa Gonzalez". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Episode 9: "All U Can Eat Stakes" – Video at MTV.com".
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Luke Wolfe". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Mandi Moyer". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Sydney Walker". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Sandy Kang". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Brandon Drake Nelson". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Jeff Barr". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Vincent Foti". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Fresh Meat 2: Cara Maria Sorbello". Vevmo. March 5, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Episode 1: "Nice to Meat You" – Video at MTV.com".
Jump up ^ NOTE: Jonna mentions this about 23 minutes into Derrick Kosinski's Ultimate Challenge Radio Podcast. "Derrick Kosinski's Ultimate Challenge Radio w/ Jonna & Jasmine MTV Real World & Challenge Rivals".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 2: "Meating of the Minds" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 3: "Sloppy Ho's" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 4: "Meats N' Potatoes" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 5: "Road Kill" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 6: "Checkmeat!" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 7: "Trimming The Fat" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b c "Episode 8: "Spoiled Rotten Meat" – Video at MTV.com".
^ Jump up to: a b "Episode 10: "Well Done, Meat" – Video at MTV.com".
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Finals: "CSI: NY" Dips Further + "South Park," "In Plain Sight" and More". TVbytheNumbers.com. April 8, 2010. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: "In Plain Sight" Slips; "South Park" Up". TVbytheNumbers.com. April 15, 2010. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: "In Plain Sight" Adds Viewers, Loses Demo; "South Park" Still A Ratings Champ". TVbytheNumbers.com. April 22, 2010. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: "South Park" Increases 18-49 Ratings; Plus In Plain Sight, Mythbusters, Ugly Americans, More". TVbytheNumbers.com. April 29, 2010. Retrieved April 29, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: "In Plain Sight" Increases 18-49 Demo; But NBA Playoffs Score Top Ratings". TVbytheNumbers.com. May 6, 2010. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: Lakers/Suns NBA Playoffs Averages 7 Million Viewers; "In Plain Sight" Up". TVbytheNumbers.com. May 21, 2010. Retrieved May 21, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: Celtics/Magic NBA Playoff Averages 6.8 Million Viewers; "House Of Payne" & More". TVbytheNumbers.com. May 27, 2010. Retrieved June 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Wednesday Cable Ratings: Are We There Yet? Tops Adults 18-49, In Plain Sight Tops Viewership". TVbytheNumbers.com. June 10, 2010. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Challenge: Fresh Meat II Reunion – Video at MTV.com".
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Telephone numbers in India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 October 2018.
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India telephone numbers
Location of India
Location
Country
India
Continent
Asia
Regulator
Department of Telecommunications
Type
Closed
NSN length
10
Numbering plan
National Numbering Plan - 2003
Last updated
13 April 2015
Access codes
Country calling code
+91
International call prefix
00
Trunk prefix
0
A public call office (PCO) in Auroville, India
Telephone numbers in India are administered under the National Numbering Plan of 2003 by the Department of Telecommunications. The numbering plan was last updated in 2015. The International Telecommunication Union has assigned the country calling code "91" to India.
Contents
1 Fixed line (landline) numbers
1.1 Landline operators
1.2 Format for dialing landline numbers
2 Mobile numbers
3 Short code
4 Telemarketing
5 References
6 External links
Fixed line (landline) numbers[edit]
Subscriber Trunk Dialling (STD) codes are assigned to each city/town/village, with the larger Metro cities having shorter area codes (STD codes), which are from 2 to 8 digits long. For example,
11 - New Delhi, Delhi
22 - Mumbai, Maharashtra
33 - Kolkata, West Bengal
44 - Chennai, Tamil Nadu
20 - Pune, Maharashtra
40 - Hyderabad, Telangana
79 - Ahmedabad, Gujarat
80 - Bangalore, Karnataka

Tier-2 Cities in India have STD code with 3 digits. For example,
120 - Ghaziabad/Noida, Uttar Pradesh
124 - Gurgaon, Haryana
129 - Faridabad, Haryana
135 - Dehradun, Uttarakhand
141 - Jaipur, Rajasthan
161 - Ludhiana, Punjab
172 - Chandigarh, Punjab
172 - Mohali, Punjab
172 - Panchkula, Haryana
175 - Patiala, Punjab
181 - Jalandhar, Punjab
231 - Kolhapur, Maharashtra
240 - Aurangabad, Maharashtra
260 - Valsad, Gujarat & Daman, India
261 - Surat, Gujarat
343 - Durgapur, West Bengal
484 - Kochi, Kerala
512 - Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh
522 - Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
532 - Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
542 - Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
551 - Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh
562 - Agra, Uttar Pradesh
581 - Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
591 - Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
621 - Muzaffarpur, Bihar
612 - Patna, Bihar
641 - Bhagalpur, Bihar
657 - Jamshedpur, Jharkhand
870 - Warangal, Telangana
891 - Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

Kanpur and Lucknow were the two cities between which the first STD call of the country was made.[citation needed]
The total length of all phone numbers (STD code and the phone number) in India is constant at 10 digits, for example 7513200000 signifies a STD code i.e. 751 Gwalior & the phone number 3200000.
Land line numbers are at most 8 digits long (usually in major metros).
Landline operators[edit]
Due to the availability of multiple operators offering fixed line services (either over wire or wireless), there is an operator-code for each telephone number, which is the first digit in the phone number. These are[1][2]
BSNL / MTNL - Numbers start with a '2'
Reliance Communications - Numbers start with a '3'
Bharti Airtel - Numbers start with a '4'
MTS India / HFCL - Numbers start with a '5'
Tata Indicom - Numbers start with a '6'
Datacom Solutions - Numbers start with a '7'
Thus, a number formatted as 020-30303030 means a fixed-line Reliance number in Pune, while 011-20000198 is an MTNL fixed line in Delhi and 033-45229320 is a fixed-line Airtel number in Kolkata, and 07582-221434 is a BSNL number from Sagar, Madhya Pradesh.
Format for dialing landline numbers[edit]
No prefix is required to call from one landline to another in the same STD area. A prefix of "0+STD code" is required to dial from a landline phone in one STD code area to another. A prefix of "0+STD code" is required to dial from a mobile phone in India to any landline number, irrespective of STD area.
For example, to dial a landline number in Indore, one would have to dial
from a landline in Indore: the phone number
from a landline in Mumbai: 0731 and then the phone number
from any mobile phone in India: 0731 and then the phone number
from outside India: Country Code 91 then 731 and then the phone number
Before 10 March 2009, as per Department of Telecommunications memorandum dated 9 February 2009.[3][4] there were some exceptions to this general rule for STD areas falling close to each other (within a radius of 200 kilometre), where "0" can be replaced with "95" e.g. to dial Delhi from Gurgaon, one dials 9511+landline number.
Mobile numbers[edit]
Main article: Mobile telephone numbering in India
A typical mobile number in India is "+91-XXXX-NNNNNN". Where the first four digits indicate a operator's code, while the remaining six digits are unique to the subscribers. However, with portability in place, the first four digits may not indicate a particular operator.
Short code[edit]
There are many companies in the Indian market who rent keywords, on a monthly basis, whose characters, on a typical mobile phone keypad, represent short codes. Short codes are five digits in length and have to start with the digit '5' like 58888 as of 2007. Previously, they were four-digit in number and could be of any combination, like 8888 or 7827. The current five digits can be extended by three digits further representing 3 additional characters. Messages sent to these Short Codes are commonly referred to as Premium Rate SMS Messages and cost from per message depending on the operator as well as the service and the company.
Telemarketing[edit]
Telemarketers have been issued 10-digit telephone numbers starting with 140 (140XXXXXXX) by the Department of Telecommunications on TRAI's request.[5][6]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "National Numbering Plan – a revised approach suggested by TRAI for achieving greater transparency and efficiency" (PDF). trai.gov.in. Telecom Regulatory Authority of India. March 2009. pp. 9–10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-07-03.
Jump up ^ "Local Phone Number Formats in India". IndiaCallingInfo.com. CallingGuides.com. Retrieved 2018-01-25.
Jump up ^ "DoT Memorandum 10th Feb 09" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-10-27. Retrieved 2009-04-08.
Jump up ^ TRAI for 10-digit landline numbers to meet crunch
Jump up ^ Trai fails to set deadline on pesky calls
Jump up ^ 'Publishing tariff plans by telecom service providers mandatory'
External links[edit]
Department of Telecommunications, Government of India
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
India National Numbering Plan of 2003
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values: Plan de numérotation téléphonique en Inde – French

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