text:
Diabetic ketoacidosis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"DKA" redirects here. For other uses, see DKA (disambiguation).
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Dehydration may be severe in diabetic ketoacidosis, and intravenous fluids are usually needed as part of its treatment.
Specialty
Endocrinology
Symptoms
Vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, confusion, a specific smell[1]
Complications
Cerebral edema[2]
Usual onset
Relatively rapid[1]
Causes
Shortage of insulin[3]
Risk factors
Usually type 1 diabetes, less often other types[1]
Diagnostic method
High blood sugar, low blood pH, ketoacids[1]
Differential diagnosis
Hyperosmolar nonketotic state, alcoholic ketoacidosis, uremia, salicylate toxicity[4]
Treatment
Intravenous fluids, insulin, potassium[1]
Frequency
4–25% of people with type 1 diabetes per year[1][5]
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus.[1] Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion, and occasionally loss of consciousness.[1] A person's breath may develop a specific smell.[1] Onset of symptoms is usually rapid.[1] In some cases people may not realize they previously had diabetes.[1]
DKA happens most often in those with type 1 diabetes, but can also occur in those with other types of diabetes under certain circumstances.[1] Triggers may include infection, not taking insulin correctly, stroke, and certain medications such as steroids.[1] DKA results from a shortage of insulin; in response the body switches to burning fatty acids which produces acidic ketone bodies.[3] DKA is typically diagnosed when testing finds high blood sugar, low blood pH, and ketoacids in either the blood or urine.[1]
The primary treatment of DKA is with intravenous fluids and insulin.[1] Depending on the severity, insulin may be given intravenously or by injection under the skin.[3] Usually potassium is also needed to prevent the development of low blood potassium.[1] Throughout treatment blood sugar and potassium levels should be regularly checked.[1] Antibiotics may be required in those with an underlying infection.[6] In those with severely low blood pH, sodium bicarbonate may be given; however, its use is of unclear benefit and typically not recommended.[1][6]
Rates of DKA vary around the world.[5] In the United Kingdom, about 4% of people with type 1 diabetes develop DKA each year, while in Malaysia the condition affects about 25% a year.[1][5] DKA was first described in 1886 and, until the introduction of insulin therapy in the 1920s, it was almost universally fatal.[7] The risk of death with adequate and timely treatment is currently around 1–4%.[1][6]
Contents
[hide]
1 Signs and symptoms
2 Cause
3 Mechanism
4 Diagnosis
4.1 Investigations
4.2 Criteria
5 Prevention
6 Management
6.1 Fluid replacement
6.2 Insulin
6.3 Potassium
6.4 Bicarbonate
6.5 Cerebral edema
6.6 Resolution
7 Epidemiology
8 History
9 References
10 External links
Signs and symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis usually evolve over a period of about 24 hours. Predominant symptoms are nausea and vomiting, pronounced thirst, excessive urine production and abdominal pain that may be severe. In severe DKA, breathing becomes rapid and of a deep, gasping character, called "Kussmaul breathing".[8][9] The abdomen may be tender to the point that a serious abdominal condition may be suspected, such as acute pancreatitis, appendicitis or gastrointestinal perforation.[9] Vomiting blood that resembles coffee grounds occurs in a minority of people and tends to originate from erosion of the esophagus.[7] In severe DKA, there may be confusion or a marked decrease in alertness, including coma.[9][10]
On physical examination there is usually clinical evidence of dehydration, such as a dry mouth and decreased skin turgor. If the dehydration is profound enough to cause a decrease in the circulating blood volume, a rapid heart rate and low blood pressure may be observed. Often, a "ketotic" odor is present, which is often described as "fruity". If Kussmaul respiration is present, this is reflected in an increased respiratory rate.[9]
Small children with DKA are relatively prone to brain swelling, also called cerebral edema, which may cause headache, coma, loss of the pupillary light reflex, and can progress to death. It occurs in about 1 out of 100 children with DKA and more rarely occurs in adults.[3][9][11]
Cause[edit]
DKA most frequently occurs in those who know they have diabetes, but it may also be the first presentation in someone who had not previously been known to be diabetic. There is often a particular underlying problem that has led to the DKA episode; this may be intercurrent illness (pneumonia, influenza, gastroenteritis, a urinary tract infection), pregnancy, inadequate insulin administration (e.g. defective insulin pen device), myocardial infarction (heart attack), stroke or the use of cocaine. Young people with recurrent episodes of DKA may have an underlying eating disorder, or may be using insufficient insulin for fear that it will cause weight gain.[9]
Diabetic ketoacidosis may occur in those previously known to have diabetes mellitus type 2 or in those who on further investigations turn out to have features of type 2 diabetes (e.g. obesity, strong family history); this is more common in African, African-American and Hispanic people. Their condition is then labeled "ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes".[3][12]
Drugs in the gliflozin class (SGLT2 inhibitors), which are generally used for type 2 diabetes, have been associated with cases of diabetic ketoacidosis where the blood sugars are not significantly elevated ("euglycemic DKA"). This may be because they were being used in people with type 1 diabetes, but in those with type 2 diabetes it may be as a result of an increase in glucagon levels.[13]
Mechanism[edit]
Diabetic ketoacidosis arises because of a lack of insulin in the body. The lack of insulin and corresponding elevation of glucagon leads to increased release of glucose by the liver (a process that is normally suppressed by insulin) from glycogen via glycogenolysis and also through gluconeogenesis. High glucose levels spill over into the urine, taking water and solutes (such as sodium and potassium) along with it in a process known as osmotic diuresis.[3] This leads to polyuria, dehydration, and polydipsia. The absence of insulin also leads to the release of free fatty acids from adipose tissue (lipolysis), which are converted through a process called beta oxidation, again in the liver, into ketone bodies (acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate). β-Hydroxybutyrate can serve as an energy source in the absence of insulin-mediated glucose delivery, and is a protective mechanism in case of starvation. The ketone bodies, however, have a low pKa and therefore turn the blood acidic (metabolic acidosis). The body initially buffers the change with the bicarbonate buffering system, but this system is quickly overwhelmed and other mechanisms must work to compensate for the acidosis.[3] One such mechanism is hyperventilation to lower the blood carbon dioxide levels (a form of compensatory respiratory alkalosis). This hyperventilation, in its extreme form, may be observed as Kussmaul respiration.[9]
In various situations such as infection, insulin demands rise but are not matched by the failing pancreas. Blood sugars rise, dehydration ensues, and resistance to the normal effects of insulin increases further by way of a vicious circle.[3][7]
As a result of the above mechanisms, the average adult with DKA has a total body water shortage of about 6 liters (or 100 mL/kg), in addition to substantial shortages in sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphate, magnesium and calcium. Glucose levels usually exceed 13.8 mmol/L or 250 mg/dL.[14]
β-hydroxybutyrate (the conjugate base of β-hydroxybutyric acid, drawn above) despite chemically containing a carboxylate group instead of a ketone, is the principal "ketone body" in diabetic ketoacidosis.
DKA is common in type 1 diabetes as this form of diabetes is associated with an absolute lack of insulin production by the islets of Langerhans. In type 2 diabetes, insulin production is present but is insufficient to meet the body's requirements as a result of end-organ insulin resistance. Usually, these amounts of insulin are sufficient to suppress ketogenesis. If DKA occurs in someone with type 2 diabetes, their condition is called "ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes".[12] The exact mechanism for this phenomenon is unclear, but there is evidence both of impaired insulin secretion and insulin action.[3][12] Once the condition has been treated, insulin production resumes and often the person may be able to resume diet or tablet treatment as normally recommended in type 2 diabetes.[3]
The clinical state of DKA is associated, in addition to the above, with the release of various counterregulatory hormones such as glucagon and adrenaline as well as cytokines, the latter of which leads to increased markers of inflammation, even in the absence of infection.[3][15]
Cerebral edema, which is the most dangerous DKA complication, is probably the result of a number of factors. Some authorities suggest that it is the result from overvigorous fluid replacement, but the complication may develop before treatment has been commenced.[11][16] It is more likely in those with more severe DKA,[15] and in the first episode of DKA.[11] Likely factors in the development of cerebral edema are dehydration, acidosis and low carbon dioxide levels; in addition, the increased level of inflammation and coagulation may, together with these factors, lead to decreased blood flow to parts of the brain, which then swells up once fluid replacement has been commenced.[11] The swelling of brain tissue leads to raised intracranial pressure ultimately leading to death.[16][15]
Diagnosis[edit]
Investigations[edit]
Diabetic ketoacidosis may be diagnosed when the combination of hyperglycemia (high blood sugars), ketones in the blood or on urinalysis and acidosis are demonstrated.[10] In about 10% of cases the blood sugar is not significantly elevated ("euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis").[3]
Arterial blood gas measurement is usually performed to demonstrate the acidosis; this requires taking a blood sample from an artery. Subsequent measurements (to ensure treatment is effective), may be taken from a normal blood test taken from a vein, as there is little difference between the arterial and the venous pH.[10] Ketones can be measured in the urine (acetoacetate) and blood (β-hydroxybutyrate). When compared with urine acetoacetate testing, capillary blood β-hydroxybutyrate determination can reduce the need for admission, shorten the duration of hospital admission and potentially reduce the costs of hospital care.[10][17] At very high levels, capillary blood ketone measurement becomes imprecise.[18]
In addition to the above, blood samples are usually taken to measure urea and creatinine (measures of kidney function, which may be impaired in DKA as a result of dehydration) and electrolytes. Furthermore, markers of infection (complete blood count, C-reactive protein) and acute pancreatitis (amylase and lipase) may be measured. Given the need to exclude infection, chest radiography and urinalysis are usually performed.[3]
If cerebral edema is suspected because of confusion, recurrent vomiting or other symptoms, computed tomography may be performed to assess its severity and to exclude other causes such as stroke.[16]
Criteria[edit]
Diabetic ketoacidosis is distinguished from other diabetic emergencies by the presence of large amounts of ketones in blood and urine, and marked metabolic acidosis. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS, sometimes labeled "hyperosmolar non-ketotic state" or HONK) is much more common in type 2 diabetes and features increased plasma osmolarity (above 320 mosm/kg) due to profound dehydration and concentration of the blood; mild acidosis and ketonemia may occur in this state, but not to the extent observed in DKA. There is a degree of overlap between DKA and HHS, as in DKA the osmolarity may also be increased.[3]
Ketoacidosis is not always the result of diabetes. It may also result from alcohol excess and from starvation; in both states the glucose level is normal or low. Metabolic acidosis may occur in people with diabetes for other reasons, such as poisoning with ethylene glycol or paraldehyde.[3]
The American Diabetes Association categorizes DKA in adults into one of three stages of severity:[3]
Mild: blood pH mildly decreased to between 7.25 and 7.30 (normal 7.35–7.45); serum bicarbonate decreased to 15–18 mmol/l (normal above 20); the person is alert
Moderate: pH 7.00–7.25, bicarbonate 10–15, mild drowsiness may be present
Severe: pH below 7.00, bicarbonate below 10, stupor or coma may occur
A 2004 statement by the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society (for children) uses slightly different cutoffs, where mild DKA is defined by pH 7.20–7.30 (bicarbonate 10–15 mmol/l), moderate DKA by pH 7.1–7.2 (bicarbonate 5–10) and severe DKA by pH<7.1 (bicarbonate below 5).[15]
Prevention[edit]
Attacks of DKA can be prevented in those known to have diabetes to an extent by adherence to "sick day rules"; these are clear-cut instructions to person on how to treat themselves when unwell. Instructions include advice on how much extra insulin to take when sugar levels appear uncontrolled, an easily digestible diet rich in salt and carbohydrates, means to suppress fever and treat infection, and recommendations when to call for medical help.[3][10]
People with diabetes can monitor their own ketone levels when unwell and seek help if they are elevated.[19]
Management[edit]
The main aims in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis are replacing the lost fluids and electrolytes while suppressing the high blood sugars and ketone production with insulin. Admission to an intensive care unit or similar high-dependency area or ward for close observation may be necessary.[10]
Fluid replacement[edit]
The amount of fluid replaced depends on the estimated degree of dehydration. If dehydration is so severe as to cause shock (severely decreased blood pressure with insufficient blood supply to the body's organs), or a depressed level of consciousness, rapid infusion of saline (1 liter for adults, 10 ml/kg in repeated doses for children) is recommended to restore circulating volume.[3][20] Slower rehydration based on calculated water and sodium shortage may be possible if the dehydration is moderate, and again saline is the recommended fluid.[19][20] Very mild ketoacidosis with no associated vomiting and mild dehydration may be treated with oral rehydration and subcutaneous rather than intravenous insulin under observation for signs of deterioration.[20]
A special but unusual consideration is cardiogenic shock, where the blood pressure is decreased not due to dehydration but due to inability of the heart to pump blood through the blood vessels. This situation requires ICU admission, monitoring of the central venous pressure (which requires the insertion of a central venous catheter in a large upper body vein), and the administration of medication that increases the heart pumping action and blood pressure.[3]
Insulin[edit]
Some guidelines recommend a bolus (initial large dose) of insulin of 0.1 unit of insulin per kilogram of body weight. This can be administered immediately after the potassium level is known to be higher than 3.3 mmol/l; if the level is any lower, administering insulin could lead to a dangerously low potassium level (see below).[3][10] Other guidelines recommend delaying the initiation of insulin until fluids have been administered.[20] It is possible to use rapid acting insulin analogs injections under the skin for mild or moderate cases.[21]
In general, insulin is given at 0.1 unit/kg per hour to reduce the blood sugars and suppress ketone production. Guidelines differ as to which dose to use when blood sugar levels start falling; some recommend reducing the dose of insulin once glucose falls below 16.6 mmol/l (300 mg/dl)[3] but other recommend infusing glucose in addition to saline to allow for ongoing infusion of higher doses of insulin.[10][19][20]
Potassium[edit]
Potassium levels can fluctuate severely during the treatment of DKA, because insulin decreases potassium levels in the blood by redistributing it into cells via increased sodium-potassium pump activity. A large part of the shifted extracellular potassium would have been lost in urine because of osmotic diuresis. Hypokalemia (low blood potassium concentration) often follows treatment. This increases the risk of dangerous irregularities in the heart rate. Therefore, continuous observation of the heart rate is recommended,[20] as well as repeated measurement of the potassium levels and addition of potassium to the intravenous fluids once levels fall below 5.3 mmol/l. If potassium levels fall below 3.3 mmol/l, insulin administration may need to be interrupted to allow correction of the hypokalemia.[3]
Bicarbonate[edit]
The administration of sodium bicarbonate solution to rapidly improve the acid levels in the blood is controversial. There is little evidence that it improves outcomes beyond standard therapy, and indeed some evidence that while it may improve the acidity of the blood, it may actually worsen acidity inside the body's cells and increase the risk of certain complications. Its use is therefore discouraged,[10][15][19] although some guidelines recommend it for extreme acidosis (pH<6.9), and smaller amounts for severe acidosis (pH 6.9–7.0).[3]
Cerebral edema[edit]
Cerebral edema, if associated with coma, often necessitates admission to intensive care, artificial ventilation, and close observation. The administration of fluids is slowed. The ideal treatment of cerebral edema in DKA is not established, but intravenous mannitol and hypertonic saline (3%) are used—as in some other forms of cerebral edema—in an attempt to reduce the swelling.[15]
Resolution[edit]
Resolution of DKA is defined as general improvement in the symptoms, such as the ability to tolerate oral nutrition and fluids, normalization of blood acidity (pH>7.3), and absence of ketones in blood (<1 mmol/l) or urine. Once this has been achieved, insulin may be switched to the usual subcutaneously administrered regimen, one hour after which the intravenous administration can be discontinued.[10][20]
In people with suspected ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes, determination of antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and islet cells may aid in the decision whether to continue insulin administration long-term (if antibodies are detected), or whether to withdraw insulin and attempt treatment with oral medication as in type 2 diabetes.[12] Generally speaking, routine measurement of C-peptide as a measure of insulin production is not recommended unless there is genuine doubt as to whether someone has type 1 or type 2 diabetes.[19]
Epidemiology[edit]
Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs in 4.6–8.0 per 1000 people with diabetes annually.[14] Rates among those with type 1 diabetes are higher with about 4% in United Kingdom developing DKA a year while in Malaysia the condition affects about 25% a year.[1][5] In the United States, 135,000 hospital admissions occur annually as a result of DKA, at an estimated cost of $2.4 billion or a quarter to a half the total cost of caring for people with type 1 diabetes. There has been a documented increasing trend to hospital admissions.[3] The risk is increased in those with an ongoing risk factor, such as an eating disorder, and those who cannot afford insulin.[3] About 30% of children with type 1 diabetes receive their diagnosis after an episode of DKA.[22]
Previously considered universally fatal, the risk of death with adequate and timely treatment is currently around 1–4%.[1][6] Up to 1% of children with DKA develop a complication known as cerebral edema.[2] Between 2 and 5 out of 10 children who develop brain swelling will die as a result.[16]
History[edit]
The first full description of diabetic ketoacidosis is attributed to Julius Dreschfeld, a German pathologist working in Manchester, United Kingdom. In his description, which he gave in an 1886 lecture at the Royal College of Physicians in London, he drew on reports by Adolph Kussmaul as well as describing the main ketones, acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and their chemical determination.[23] The condition remained almost universally fatal until the discovery of insulin in the 1920s; by the 1930s, mortality had fallen to 29 percent,[7] and by the 1950s it had become less than 10 percent.[24] The entity of cerebral edema due to DKA was described in 1936 by a team of doctors from Philadelphia.[16][25]
Numerous research studies since the 1950s have focused on the ideal treatment for diabetic ketoacidosis. A significant proportion of these studies have been conducted at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Emory University School of Medicine.[24] Treatment options studied have included high- or low-dose intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular (e.g. the "Alberti regime") insulin, phosphate supplementation, need for a loading dose of insulin, and appropriateness of using bicarbonate therapy in moderate DKA.[24] Various questions remain unanswered, such as whether bicarbonate administration in severe DKA makes any real difference to the clinical course, and whether an insulin loading dose is needed in adults.[24]
The entity of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes was first fully described in 1987 after several preceding case reports. It was initially thought to be a form of maturity onset diabetes of the young,[26] and went through several other descriptive names (such as "idiopathic type 1 diabetes", "Flatbush diabetes", "atypical diabetes" and "type 1.5 diabetes") before the current terminology of "ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes" was adopted.[3][12]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Misra, S; Oliver, NS (28 October 2015). "Diabetic ketoacidosis in adults" (PDF). BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 351: h5660. doi:10.1136/bmj.h5660. PMID 26510442.
^ Jump up to: a b Bialo, SR; Agrawal, S; Boney, CM; Quintos, JB (15 February 2015). "Rare complications of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis". World journal of diabetes. 6 (1): 167–74. doi:10.4239/wjd.v6.i1.167. PMC 4317308  . PMID 25685287.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Miles JM, Fisher JN (July 2009). "Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes". Diabetes Care. 32 (7): 1335–43. doi:10.2337/dc09-9032. PMC 2699725  . PMID 19564476. Archived from the original on 2016-06-25.
Jump up ^ Ferri, Fred F. (2010). Ferri's Differential Diagnosis: A Practical Guide to the Differential Diagnosis of Symptoms, Signs, and Clinical Disorders. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 146. ISBN 0323076998. Archived from the original on 2017-09-08.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Maletkovic, J; Drexler, A (December 2013). "Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state". Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America. 42 (4): 677–95. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2013.07.001. PMID 24286946.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Joint British Diabetes Societies Inpatient Care Group (September 2013). "The Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adults" (pdf). p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 March 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Eledrisi MS, Alshanti MS, Shah MF, Brolosy B, Jaha N (May 2006). "Overview of the diagnosis and management of diabetic ketoacidosis". American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 331 (5): 243–51. doi:10.1097/00000441-200605000-00002. PMID 16702793.
Jump up ^ Kliegman, [edited by] Karen J. Marcdante, Robert M. (2015). Nelson essentials of pediatrics (7th edition. ed.). pp. 573–576. ISBN 9781455759804. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Powers AC (2005). Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, et al., eds. "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine" (16th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill: 2152–2180. ISBN 0-07-139140-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Joint British Diabetes Societies Inpatient Care Group (March 2010). "The Management of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adults" (PDF). NHS Diabetes. Archived from the original on 2012-05-04. Retrieved 2012-05-01.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Glaser N (June 2006). "New perspectives on the pathogenesis of cerebral edema complicating diabetic ketoacidosis in children". Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews. 3 (4): 379–86. PMID 16816806.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Umpierrez GE, Smiley D, Kitabchi AE (March 2006). "Narrative review: ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes mellitus" (PDF). Annals of Internal Medicine. 144 (5): 350–7. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-144-5-200603070-00011. PMID 16520476. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-12-05.
Jump up ^ Taylor, Simeon I.; Blau, Jenny E.; Rother, Kristina I. (August 2015). "SGLT2 Inhibitors May Predispose to Ketoacidosis". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 100 (8): 2849–2852. doi:10.1210/jc.2015-1884. PMC 4525004  . PMID 26086329.
^ Jump up to: a b Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Murphy MB, Kreisberg RA (December 2006). "Hyperglycemic crises in adult patients with diabetes: a consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association". Diabetes Care. 29 (12): 2739–48. doi:10.2337/dc06-9916. PMID 17130218. Archived from the original on 2010-03-27.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Dunger DB, Sperling MA, Acerini CL, et al. (February 2004). "European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology/Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society consensus statement on diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents". Pediatrics. 113 (2): e133–40. doi:10.1542/peds.113.2.e133. PMID 14754983. Archived from the original on 2009-09-12.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Brown TB (March 2004). "Cerebral oedema in childhood diabetic ketoacidosis: Is treatment a factor?". Emergency Medical Journal. 21 (2): 141–4. doi:10.1136/emj.2002.001578. PMC 1726262  . PMID 14988335. Archived from the original on 2016-04-13.
Jump up ^ Klocker AA, Phelan H, Twigg SM, Craig ME (July 2013). "Blood β-hydroxybutyrate vs. urine acetoacetate testing for the prevention and management of ketoacidosis in Type 1 diabetes: a systematic review". Diabet. Med. 30 (7): 818–24. doi:10.1111/dme.12136. PMID 23330615.
Jump up ^ Misra, S; Oliver, NS (January 2015). "Utility of ketone measurement in the prevention, diagnosis and management of diabetic ketoacidosis". Diabetic Medicine. 32 (1): 14–23. doi:10.1111/dme.12604. PMID 25307274.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Type 1 diabetes in adults: diagnosis and management". National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. August 2015. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Edge J (May 2009). "BSPED Recommended DKA Guidelines 2009" (PDF). British Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2009-07-12.
Jump up ^ Andrade-Castellanos, CA; Colunga-Lozano, LE; Delgado-Figueroa, N; Gonzalez-Padilla, DA (21 January 2016). "Subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin analogues for diabetic ketoacidosis". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1: CD011281. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011281.pub2. PMID 26798030.
Jump up ^ Silverstein J, Klingensmith G, Copeland K, et al. (January 2005). "Care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a statement of the American Diabetes Association". Diabetes Care. 28 (1): 186–212. doi:10.2337/diacare.28.1.186. PMID 15616254. Archived from the original on 2016-04-19.
Jump up ^ Dreschfeld J (1886). "The Bradshawe Lecture on Diabetic Coma". British Medical Journal. 2 (1338): 358–63. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.1338.358. PMC 2256374  . PMID 20751675.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Kitabchi AE, Umpierrez GE, Fisher JN, Murphy MB, Stentz FB (May 2008). "Thirty years of personal experience in hyperglycemic crises: diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 93 (5): 1541–52. doi:10.1210/jc.2007-2577. PMC 2386681  . PMID 18270259.
Jump up ^ Dillon ES, Riggs HE, Dyer WW (1936). "Cerebral lesions in uncomplicated fatal diabetic acidosis". American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 3 (3): 360–365. doi:10.1097/00000441-193609000-00007.
Jump up ^ Winter WE, Maclaren NK, Riley WJ, Clarke DW, Kappy MS, Spillar RP (February 1987). "Maturity-onset diabetes of youth in black Americans". New England Journal of Medicine. 316 (6): 285–91. doi:10.1056/NEJM198702053160601. PMID 3543673.
External links[edit]
Classification
D
ICD-10: E10.1, E12.1, E13.1, E14.1
ICD-9-CM: 250.1
MeSH: D016883
DiseasesDB: 3709
External resources
MedlinePlus: 000320
eMedicine: med/548
Patient UK: Diabetic ketoacidosis
show
v
t
e
Diseases of the endocrine system (E00–E35, 240–259)
Pancreas/
glucose
metabolism
Hypofunction
Diabetes mellitus
types:
type 1
type 2
gestational
MODY 1 2 3 4 5 6
complications
coma
angiopathy
ketoacidosis
nephropathy
neuropathy
retinopathy
cardiomyopathy
insulin receptor (Rabson–Mendenhall syndrome)
Insulin resistance
Hyperfunction
Hypoglycemia
beta cell (Hyperinsulinism)
G cell (Zollinger–Ellison syndrome)
Hypothalamic/
pituitary axes
Hypothalamus
gonadotropin
Kallmann syndrome
Adiposogenital dystrophy
CRH (Tertiary adrenal insufficiency)
vasopressin (Neurogenic diabetes insipidus)
general (Hypothalamic hamartoma)
Pituitary
Hyperpituitarism
anterior
Acromegaly
Hyperprolactinaemia
Pituitary ACTH hypersecretion
posterior (SIADH)
general (Nelson's syndrome)
Hypopituitarism
anterior
Kallmann syndrome
Growth hormone deficiency
Hypoprolactinemia
ACTH deficiency/Secondary adrenal insufficiency
GnRH insensitivity
FSH insensitivity
LH/hCG insensitivity
posterior (Neurogenic diabetes insipidus)
general
Empty sella syndrome
Pituitary apoplexy
Sheehan's syndrome
Lymphocytic hypophysitis
Thyroid
Hypothyroidism
Iodine deficiency
Cretinism
Congenital hypothyroidism
Myxedema
Euthyroid sick syndrome
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroxinemia
Thyroid hormone resistance
Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia
Hashitoxicosis
Thyrotoxicosis factitia
Graves' disease
Thyroiditis
Acute infectious
Subacute
De Quervain's
Subacute lymphocytic
Autoimmune/chronic
Hashimoto's
Postpartum
Riedel's
Goitre
Endemic goitre
Toxic nodular goitre
Toxic multinodular goiter
Thyroid nodule
Parathyroid
Hypoparathyroidism
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Osteitis fibrosa cystica
Adrenal
Hyperfunction
aldosterone: Hyperaldosteronism/Primary aldosteronism
Conn syndrome
Bartter syndrome
Glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism
AME
Liddle's syndrome
17α CAH
cortisol: Cushing's syndrome (Pseudo-Cushing's syndrome)
sex hormones: 21α CAH
11β CAH
Hypofunction/
Adrenal insufficiency
(Addison's, WF)
aldosterone: Hypoaldosteronism
21α CAH
11β CAH
cortisol: CAH
Lipoid
3β
11β
17α
21α
sex hormones: 17α CAH
Gonads
ovarian: Polycystic ovary syndrome
Premature ovarian failure
testicular: enzymatic
5α-reductase deficiency
17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
aromatase excess syndrome
Androgen receptor (Androgen insensitivity syndrome)
general: Hypogonadism (Delayed puberty)
Hypergonadism
Precocious puberty
Hypoandrogenism
Hypoestrogenism
Hyperandrogenism
Hyperestrogenism
Postorgasmic illness syndrome
Height
Dwarfism/Short stature
Midget
Laron syndrome
Psychosocial
Ateliosis
Gigantism
Multiple
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome multiple
APS1
APS2
Carcinoid syndrome
Multiple endocrine neoplasia
1
2A
2B
Progeria
Werner syndrome
Acrogeria
Metageria
Woodhouse–Sakati syndrome
show
v
t
e
Electrolyte imbalance and acid–base imbalance (E86–E87, 276)
Volume status
Volume contraction (dehydration/hypovolemia)
Hypervolemia
Electrolyte
Sodium
High
Hypernatremia
Salt poisoning
Low
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Potassium
High
Low
Chloride
High
Low
Calcium
High
Low
Acid–base
Acidosis
Metabolic: High anion gap
Ketoacidosis
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Alcoholic ketoacidosis
Lactic
Normal anion gap
Hyperchloremic
Renal tubular
Respiratory
Alkalosis
Metabolic
Contraction alkalosis
Respiratory
Both
Mixed disorder of acid-base balance
show
v
t
e
Diabetes (E10–E14, 250)
Types
Type 1
Type 2
LADA
Gestational diabetes
Diabetes and pregnancy
Prediabetes
Impaired fasting glucose
Impaired glucose tolerance
Insulin resistance
KPD
MODY
Neonatal
Transient
Permanent
Type 3c (Pancreatogenic)
Blood tests
Blood sugar level
Glycosylated hemoglobin
Glucose tolerance test
Postprandial glucose test
Fructosamine
Glucose test
C-peptide
Noninvasive glucose monitor
Insulin tolerance test
Management
Diabetic diet
Anti-diabetic drugs
Insulin therapy
intensive
conventional
pulsatile
Cure
Embryonic stem cells
Artificial pancreas
Other
Gastric bypass surgery
Complications
Diabetic comas
Hypoglycemia
Ketoacidosis
Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Diabetic foot
ulcer
Neuropathic arthropathy
Organs in diabetes
Blood vessels
Muscle
Kidney
Nerves
Retina
Heart
Diabetic skin disease
Diabetic dermopathy
Diabetic bulla
Diabetic cheiroarthropathy
Neuropathic ulcer
Hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia
Other
Glossary of diabetes
Notable people with type 1 diabetes
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diabetic_ketoacidosis&oldid=845198105"
Categories:
Diabetes
Medical emergencies
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list
Infobox medical condition (new)
Good articles
RTT
RTTNEURO
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Català
Čeština
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
नेपाल भाषा
日本語
Norsk
ଓଡ଼ିଆ
Polski
Português
Simple English
کوردی
Српски / srpski
ไทย
Tiếng Việt
中文
13 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 10 June 2018, at 03:41 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: This is a good article. Follow the link for more information.

attrs: href title

attrs: class id

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/DKA_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
DKA (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: tr

attrs: href class

value: td

values:
/wiki/Mental_confusion
mw-redirect
Mental confusion

values:
/wiki/Diagnostic_method
mw-redirect
Diagnostic method

values:
/wiki/High_blood_sugar
mw-redirect
High blood sugar

values:
/wiki/Hyperosmolar_nonketotic_state
mw-redirect
Hyperosmolar nonketotic state

values:
/wiki/Salicylate_toxicity
mw-redirect
Salicylate toxicity

values:
/wiki/Intravenous_fluid
mw-redirect
Intravenous fluid

values:
/wiki/Subcutaneous_administration
mw-redirect
Subcutaneous administration

values:
/wiki/Level_of_consciousness
mw-redirect
Level of consciousness

values:
/wiki/Skin_turgor
mw-redirect
Skin turgor

values:
/wiki/Family_history
mw-redirect
Family history

values:
/wiki/Osmotic_diuresis
mw-redirect
Osmotic diuresis

values:
/wiki/Bicarbonate_buffering_system
mw-redirect
Bicarbonate buffering system

values:
/wiki/Kussmaul_respiration
mw-redirect
Kussmaul respiration

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Islets_of_Langerhans
mw-redirect
Islets of Langerhans

values:
/wiki/Arterial_blood_gas
mw-redirect
Arterial blood gas

values:
/wiki/Chest_X-ray
mw-redirect
Chest X-ray

values:
/wiki/Computed_tomography
mw-redirect
Computed tomography

values:
/wiki/Nonketotic_hyperosmolar_coma
mw-redirect
Nonketotic hyperosmolar coma

values:
/wiki/Plasma_osmolarity
mw-redirect
Plasma osmolarity

values:
/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage
mw-redirect
Alcoholic beverage

values:
/wiki/Cardiac_arrhythmia
mw-redirect
Cardiac arrhythmia

values:
/wiki/Glutamic_acid_decarboxylase
mw-redirect
Glutamic acid decarboxylase

values: University of Tennessee Health Science Center

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h5660

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26510442

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.4239/wjd.v6.i1.167

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25685287

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2337/dc09-9032

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19564476

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1016/j.ecl.2013.07.001

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24286946

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16702793

values: Category:CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16816806

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16520476

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1210/jc.2015-1884

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26086329

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2337/dc06-9916

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17130218

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.2.e133

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14754983

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136/emj.2002.001578

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14988335

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1111/dme.12136

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23330615

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1111/dme.12604

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25307274

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng17

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26798030

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2337/diacare.28.1.186

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15616254

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.1338.358

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20751675

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1210/jc.2007-2577

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18270259

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198702053160601

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3543673

values: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems

values: width:22em;width:100%; margin:0 0 0.5em 0;

values: ICD-10 Chapter IV: Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases

values: List of ICD-9 codes 240–279: endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, and immunity disorders

values:
/wiki/Glucose_metabolism_disorder
mw-redirect
Glucose metabolism disorder

values:
/wiki/Neurogenic_diabetes_insipidus
mw-redirect
Neurogenic diabetes insipidus

values:
/wiki/Hypothalamic_hamartoma
mw-redirect
Hypothalamic hamartoma

values: Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

values:
/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone_insensitivity
mw-redirect
Luteinizing hormone insensitivity

values:
/wiki/Lymphocytic_hypophysitis
mw-redirect
Lymphocytic hypophysitis

values:
/wiki/Toxic_nodular_goitre
mw-redirect
Toxic nodular goitre

values:
/wiki/Toxic_multinodular_goiter
mw-redirect
Toxic multinodular goiter

values:
/wiki/Conn_syndrome
mw-redirect
Conn syndrome

values: Apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome

values: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency

values:
/wiki/Sex_hormone
mw-redirect
Sex hormone

values: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

values: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 11β-hydroxylase deficiency

values:
/wiki/Waterhouse-Friderichsen_syndrome
mw-redirect
Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

values: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency

values:
/wiki/Gonadal_disorder
mw-redirect
Gonadal disorder

values:
/wiki/5%CE%B1-reductase_deficiency
mw-redirect
5α-reductase deficiency

values: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome multiple (page does not exist)

values: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1

values: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: Template:Water-electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance

values: Template talk:Water-electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance

values:
/wiki/Volume_status
mw-redirect
Volume status

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Intensive_insulinotherapy
mw-redirect
Intensive insulinotherapy

values:
/wiki/Conventional_insulinotherapy
mw-redirect
Conventional insulinotherapy

values: List of people with diabetes mellitus type 1

values: Category:Infobox medical condition (new)

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Diabetic_ketoacidosis
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: حماض كيتوني سكري – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: کتواسیدوز دیابتی – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: 당뇨병케톤산증 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: חמצת קטוטית סוכרתית – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: डायबेटिक केटोएसिडोसिस – Newari

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-new
display: none;

values: 糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: ଡାଏବେଟିକ କିଟୋଏସିଡୋସିସ – Odia

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-or
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values: کیتۆئەسیدۆزی دیابێتی – Central Kurdish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb
display: none;

values: Дијабетесна кетоацидоза – Serbian

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: ภาวะเลือดเป็นกรดจากคีโตนจากเบาหวาน – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: Nhiễm toan ceton do đái tháo đường – Vietnamese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: 糖尿病酮症酸中毒 – Chinese

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Diabetic_ketoacidosis rootpage-Diabetic_ketoacidosis skin-vector action-view


text:
90210 (season 3)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
90210 (season 3)
DVD cover
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
22
Release
Original network
The CW
Original release
September 13, 2010 – May 16, 2011
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 2
Next →
Season 4
List of 90210 episodes
The third season of 90210, an American television series, premiered on Monday September 13, 2010. The CW officially renewed the show for a third season on February 16, 2010. With the reveal of the networks fall 2010 schedule, they announced their decision to move 90210 to Monday nights at 8:00 pm, as a lead-in to Gossip Girl. It premiered on September 13, 2010 and was met with generally positive reviews from critics.
The season picks up at the end of summer and focuses on the students senior year of high school. It follows Adrianna's rise to fame, a new relationship between Silver and Navid and a confused Teddy who decides to reveal to his family and friends he is gay. It also deals with the aftermath of Naomi Clark's assault.
The season premiered to 1.96 million viewers and a 0.9 rating in the adults 18–49 demographic. Christmas-themed episode "Holiday Madness", hit season highs in all key demos with 2.1 in The CW's target demo of women 18–34, a 1.4 in adults 18–34 and a 1.1 in adults 18–49. It was also the most watched episode in over a year with 2.2 million viewers tuning in. The season finale aired on May 16, 2011. The season averaged 1.75 million live viewers and a 0.9 adults 18–49 rating. It was released on DVD in the United States on August 30, 2011.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Regular
1.2 Recurring
1.3 Special Guest Stars
2 Episodes
3 Production
3.1 Storylines
3.2 Cast
4 Reception
5 DVD release
6 References
Cast[edit]
Regular[edit]
Shenae Grimes as Annie Wilson (22 episodes)
Tristan Wilds as Dixon Wilson (22 episodes)
AnnaLynne McCord as Naomi Clark (22 episodes)
Ryan Eggold as Ryan Matthews (11 episodes)
Jessica Stroup as Erin Silver (22 episodes)
Michael Steger as Navid Shirazi (20 episodes)
Jessica Lowndes as Adrianna Tate-Duncan (22 episodes)
Matt Lanter as Liam Court (22 episodes)
Gillian Zinser as Ivy Sullivan (21 episodes)
Trevor Donovan as Teddy Montgomery (18 episodes)
Lori Loughlin as Debbie Wilson (15 episodes)
Recurring[edit]
Blair Redford as Oscar (10 episodes)
Evan Ross as Charlie Selby (9 episodes)
Kelly Lynch as Laurel Cooper (9 episodes)
Kyle Riabko as Ian (9 episodes)
Josh Zuckerman as Max Miller (8 episodes)
Manish Dayal as Raj Kher (7 episodes)
Nestor Serrano as Victor Luna (7 episodes)
Hal Ozsan as Miles Cannon (7 episodes)
Abbie Cobb as Emily Bradford (6 episodes)
Freddie Smith as Marco Salazar (5 episodes)
Sara Foster as Jennifer "Jen" Clark (5 episodes)
Diego Boneta as Javier Luna (2 episodes)
Amanda Leighton as Alex Scarborough (2 episodes)
Special Guest Stars[edit]
Kim Kardashian as herself (1 episode)
Khloe Kardashian as herself (1 episode)
Joe Jonas as himself (1 episode)
Nelly as himself (1 episode)
Snoop Dogg as himself (1 episode)
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of 90210 episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
47
1 "Senior Year, Baby" Stuart Gillard Jennie Snyder Urman September 13, 2010 (2010-09-13) 1.96[1]
Beverly Hills is rocked by an earthquake during the first day of the school year. Naomi has spent the summer in isolation, dealing with the aftermath of her rape by Mr. Cannon and keeping it a secret. Annie and Dixon are dealing with the absence of their father who has walked out on the family, while Debbie tries to hold the family together without Harry and a job. Meanwhile, Teddy and Silver find themselves happier than ever until he suffers a leg injury that could end his tennis career forever. Annie applies for an internship at a local theater company called the Abbott Playhouse. Navid welcomes Adrianna back from her tour with Javier, but their arrival brings an unexpected death. Ivy returns from Australia with her an old childhood friend, named Oscar, which makes Dixon uncomfortable. Elsewhere, Annie and Liam confront their feelings for each other.
48
2 "Age of Inheritance" Liz Friedlander Padma L. Atluri September 20, 2010 (2010-09-20) 1.83[2]
After turning eighteen, Naomi finds out she can now access the money in her large trust fund, so she decides to throw herself a huge birthday party at the Beach Club where she hires the Honey Brothers band to perform. Meanwhile, Dixon, Navid, and Teddy decide to take Oscar out for a night on the town, but their party ends when Ivy finds a Facebook photo of a drunk Dixon doing a body shot off a girl. Annie has an instant connection with Charlie, a guy she meets at a coffee shop. Jen is forced to go on bed rest until she delivers the baby and has no choice but to allow Ryan into her life. Elsewhere, Adrianna uses Javier's song book to get back in good favor with the label. Entourage's Adrian Grenier performs with his band at Naomi's birthday party.
49
3 "2021 Vision" Millicent Shelton Tod Himmel September 27, 2010 (2010-09-27) 1.96[3]
Naomi has constant flashbacks to her rape and begins taking sleeping pills in order to sleep through the night. Mr. Cannon invites Silver over to his apartment to watch his new documentary and slips something in her drink. Meanwhile, Teddy wakes up from a night of drinking and realizes he hooked up with someone, but does not remember who. Dixon learns that Ivy is a virgin. At her intern job, Annie confronts her boss, Katherine, about her awkward behavior and is shocked when she makes Annie an offer she may not be able to refuse. Adrianna sings another song stolen out of Javier's songbook at his memorial service, but she soon regrets it when a video of her music number goes viral.
50
4 "The Bachelors" David Warren David S. Rosenthal October 4, 2010 (2010-10-04) 1.79[4]
Silver plans a cancer-awareness charity event to honor her late mother and enlists the boys to appear in a bachelor auction. Ian, a theater student at West Bev, is brought in to help choreograph a dance number for the auction, but all comes to a stand-still when Teddy directs some negative words toward him. The two later get into a fight. Meanwhile, Annie and Adrianna discover the truth about Naomi and Mr. Cannon from Silver. Elsewhere, Annie discovers Debbie's money problems since Harry walked out on her and decides to take Katherine's offer. A surprising connection between Charlie and Liam is revealed. Javier's uncle, Victor, begins to blackmail Adrianna with exposure by forcing her to work for him. Also, Ivy and Dixon decide to spend the night together, but Dixon hits the brakes when his ex-girlfriend, Sasha, returns with some life-altering news.
51
5 "Catch Me If You Cannon" Jim Conway Terrence Coli October 11, 2010 (2010-10-11) 1.81[5]
Silver, Naomi, and Adrianna craft a plan to seduce Mr. Cannon to prove he raped Naomi, but they underestimate his ability to control the situation. Teddy and Ian are forced to do manual labor as a punishment for fighting. Dixon fears for his life and pushes Ivy away, leading her straight into the arms of Oscar (just as he planned the whole time for). Meanwhile, Jen looks for a new assistant and Debbie applies for the job. Debbie also finds out about the arrangement between Annie and Katherine and forbids Annie from fulfilling it.
52
6 "How Much Is That Liam in the Window" Stuart Gillard David S. Rosenthal & Jennie Snyder Urman October 25, 2010 (2010-10-25) 2.03[6]
When Jen and Ryan find out about Naomi's rape, Jen decides to take matters into her own hands, while Ryan's job may be in jeopardy when he encourages Naomi to come forward with him as a witness despite the fact that his own secret about accidentally wrecking the school sign will be revealed. Adrianna's manager, Victor, continues to blackmail her and goes even further when he encourages her to go topless at a photo-shoot. Annie discovers a darker side of Charlie when she sneaks in to observe a staged reading of his play. Liam lands a job modeling in the window of a clothing store and receives a job opportunity from a mysterious customer, named Laura, that he can't refuse. Dixon apologizes to Ivy unaware that she decided to lose her virginity to someone else. Also, Oscar confronts Ivy and Laurel about his shocking past.
53
7 "I See London, I See France..." Krishna Rao Scott Weinger November 1, 2010 (2010-11-01) 2.00[7]
Ryan helps Naomi press charges against Mr. Cannon and as a result, both Mr. Cannon and Ryan are suspended from their jobs. Oscar has a run-in with Mr. Cannon and unintentionally helps Naomi with her case when he sets his sights on her as his next conquest. Navid finds out that his father is employing an underage girl in his pornography business. Meanwhile, Ivy tells Dixon what happened between her and Oscar, which he predictably does not take well. Teddy struggles with rumors and innuendo about his suspected impotency. Liam continues his job of carrying purses for Laura, until he finds out that she is a drug dealer running a business right out of her mother's own house. Elsewhere, Navid and Silver attend the Achievement Awards dinner while Annie, Teddy, Liam, Dixon, Ivy and Ian attend an under-achievement ceremony, called "The Undies", at the Beach Club.
54
8 "Mother Dearest" Oz Scott Paul Sciarrotta November 8, 2010 (2010-11-08) 1.89[8]
Annie and Dixon drive to Pomona to visit their father, but unexpectedly meet a young woman at his door making them leave without seeing Harry. Later, Debbie tells Annie and Dixon that she knows all about the younger woman living with Harry whom is his new wife. The Wilson family decides to move on by removing all traces Harry's existence from the house and their lives and from then on live as if Harry never existed. After a series of mishaps with her baby, Jen leaves Jacques with Ryan and leaves town. Ivy and Naomi join forces to humiliate and take down Oscar. Meanwhile, Navid asks Silver to help prove that his father is lying to him about employing underage girls at his studio by asking Silver to go undercover. Also, Victor demands Adrianna attend a red carpet event with Joe Jonas, rather than Navid.
55
9 "They're Playing Her Song" Rob Hardy Jennie Snyder Urman & Jenna Lamia November 15, 2010 (2010-11-15) 1.76[9]
Teddy decides to visit a gay bar in West Hollywood, but is forced to turn to Ian for help when he forgets his wallet. Meanwhile, Annie is ready to take her relationship with Charlie to the next level, but is mortified when his college friends catch a glimpse of her in lingerie. Meanwhile, Ryan turns to Debbie for parental advice, and the two end up hooking up. Navid deals with the fallout at school and at home after turning his father in to the authorities. Also, Adrianna continues to be oblivious to Navid's situation due to her newfound fame.
56
10 "Best Lei'd Plans" David Warren David S. Rosenthal & Deborah Schoeneman November 29, 2010 (2010-11-29) 2.01[10]
Naomi jumps back into the dating world and tries to impress one of Ivy's surfer friends, Zach, by pretending to know how to surf. Still upset with her mother over the Oscar situation, Ivy decides to build a relationship with her estranged father. Not knowing she has feelings for Ryan, Annie and Dixon sign Debbie up for an online dating service. While at the beach luau, Teddy gets jealous when he sees Ian with another guy and allows his feelings to control his actions. Meanwhile, Adrianna and Navid's relationship becomes strained, leading him into the arms of Silver. Elsewhere, Liam learns more about Laura and of her ex-boyfriend whom he attempts to make jealous in her favor.
57
11 "Holiday Madness" Dennis Smith Rebecca Sinclair December 6, 2010 (2010-12-06) 2.18[11]
Adrianna leases an expensive new house and throws a housewarming Christmas party to celebrate her new record deal. After having enough of her egotistical attitude, Victor decides to reveal Adrianna's secret on the Internet. Annie spends the night with Liam when he comes back from the hospital, and the two rekindle their romance. Ivy's father's unexpected intentions lead her to reconcile with her mother. After deciding to keep their relationship a secret, Ian and Teddy kiss unaware that Dixon saw them. Meanwhile, Navid and Silver confess their true feelings towards each other... and share a kiss. Elsewhere, Naomi continues to reject Oscar's advances whom tries to ask her out on a date to the Christmas party. Naomi attends solo and later returns home not knowing that Mr. Cannon is awaiting her.
58
12 "Liars" Stuart Gillard Tod Himmel January 24, 2011 (2011-01-24) 1.69[12]
Naomi is taken hostage in her apartment by an out-of-control Mr. Cannon who also lures Silver into the situation. Meanwhile, Annie and Dixon's cousin Emily from Kansas comes to town for an extended visit, but Emily immediately gets on Annie's nerves. Dixon confronts Teddy about his kiss with Ian and promises to keep his secret. Ivy has a near fatal accident during surf practice that makes her question her ability to compete in the surf competition. Adrianna's world continues to crumble when she appears on a talk show to tell her side of the story, and she is blindsided by a surprise guest when Victor appears to give "his" side of the story. Given Adrianna's disastrous situation, Navid and Silver continue to keep their hook-ups a secret.
59
13 "It's Getting Hot in Here" Liz Friedlander David S. Rosenthal January 31, 2011 (2011-01-31) 1.67[13]
Naomi, Adrianna, Silver, and Annie decide to have a girls' weekend and head to a yoga retreat in Ojai. Annie attempts to be a good cousin and invites Emily along for the weekend but confronts her about being a downer on the trip. Emily begins to show her true devious colors when she purposefully neglects to wake Annie up for a sweat lodge session and uses the opportunity to manipulate and turn the rest of the girls against Annie. Naomi, who originally thought the retreat was silly, suddenly decides to extend her stay as a way to recover from her encounter with Mr. Cannon. Silver runs into Navid at the retreat, and the two have a secret rendezvous. Adrianna returns from the retreat and calls a tabloid newspaper to sell an exclusive story. Back in Beverly Hills, Debbie plans a romantic dinner at her house for Ryan, but they are interrupted by Dixon, forcing Ryan to quickly find a place to hide. Elsewhere, Charlie finally realizes that Annie has feelings for Liam, and leaves to study abroad in France.
60
14 "All About a Boy" Harry Sinclair Paul Sciarrotta February 7, 2011 (2011-02-07) 1.75[14]
Navid breaks up with Adrianna after learning how she used the baby she gave up for adoption to sell a story to a tabloid news magazine. Adrianna then leans on Silver for support and makes a shocking discovery. Meanwhile, Annie gets the opportunity to audition for a play but Emily sabotages her by letting it slip about Debbie's romance with Ryan. Teddy is being blackmailed and is surprised to find out who is behind it. At Ian's encouragement, Teddy decides to come out to his friends. Naomi returns from her spiritual retreat and decides to throw a party for Guru Sona but realizes that she may not be the person she thinks she is. Also, Ivy has reservations about getting back in the water after her accident.
61
15 "Revenge with the Nerd" Millicent Shelton Terrence Coli February 14, 2011 (2011-02-14) 1.37[15]
Dixon and Navid convince a music producer to shoot a music video for Nelly at Shirazi Studios to keep the struggling studio in business. Adrianna's suspicions about Navid having cheated on her are confirmed, and she informs Silver about her plot for revenge. Meanwhile, Emily attempts to distract Annie in an effort to seduce Liam. Teddy turns to Silver for support after coming out and his breakup with Ian. Elsewhere, reality producers follow Adrianna and her friends around trying to shoot a pilot, and Naomi is surprised by her reaction to a nerdy lab partner, Max, who helps her out with Guru Sona.
62
16 "It's High Time" Krishna Rao Padma Alturi February 21, 2011 (2011-02-21) 1.52[16]
The crafty and manipulative Emily continues to cause mayhem in Annie's life by messing with Liam, her friends, and maliciously gets Annie fired from her internship at the Abbott Playhouse and even goes as far as to provoke Annie into physically attacking her to get her suspended from school. Annie eventually realizes that no one will believe her about the not-so-innocent and no-good Emily's true nature and begins to work on a plan to defeat Emily at her own game. Meanwhile, Silver convinces Navid to sign the release for Adrianna's TV reality show to help distract her from their secret relationship. Naomi keeps her feelings for Max to herself. Ivy meets a new guy, named Raj, and they strike up a friendship over their use of medical marijuana. Elsewhere, Dixon, Navid, and Liam take Teddy out on the town to show that they are trying to accept him after his coming out. After watching footage from her Christmas party, Adrianna makes a stunning realization.
63
17 "Blue Naomi" Elizabeth Allen David S. Rosenthal February 28, 2011 (2011-02-28) 1.45[17]
Naomi attempts to impress Max by dressing up in an Avatar costume, but it doesn't get the response that she was aiming for. Dixon and Navid formalize their partnership, and a chance encounter with Snoop Dogg could mean good news for them and Shirazi Studios 2.0. Adrianna's vindictive ways deepen after discovering the truth about Navid and Silver's romance, and she vows to get back at both of them. Meanwhile, Annie and Liam secretly work together to expose Emily for the cynical person that she really is to everyone. As a result, Emily decides to leave town, but doesn't tell Debbie of the reason why she is leaving. Elsewhere, Raj confides in Ivy about his past, revealing a shocking secret.
64
18 "The Enchanted Donkey" David Paymer Story by: Rebecca Sinclair
Teleplay by: Rebecca Sinclair & Paul Sciarrotta April 18, 2011 (2011-04-18) 1.72[18]
The group decides to spend spring break in Mexico, where things get out of control for everyone. Naomi brings along Max on the ruse that she intends to ask him for further tutoring with schoolwork. Annie and Liam spend quality time together to take in the scenery until an accident confines Annie to their hotel room. Teddy runs into Tripp, his former boarding school roommate and crush. Ivy uses the time to keep distant from Raj after thinking that he may die soon and confides in Dixon about her recent problems. Meanwhile, the rift between Silver and Adrianna comes to a shocking head.
65
19 "Nerdy Little Secrets" Harry Sinclair David Rosenberg April 25, 2011 (2011-04-25) 1.74[19]
Naomi becomes tired and more insecure of hiding her relationship with Max and, afraid that he might be cheating on her, follows him to an academic decathlon event to confront him, but soon regrets what happens. Navid becomes worried when Silver begins to behave erratically after Adrianna secretly swipes Silver's bipolar medication. Meanwhile, Annie forms a bond with Marla Templeton, a veteran actress whom she is hired to work for. Elsewhere, Raj helps Ivy get over her fear of getting into the water again.
66
20 "Women on the Verge" Stuart Gillard Scott Weinger & Jenna Lamia May 2, 2011 (2011-05-02) 1.47[20]
After receiving some distressing news, Silver has an emotional breakdown, causing Navid and Dixon to stage an intervention. Meanwhile, Annie persuades Marla to attend a Hollywood movie re-release premiere of one of her old films after Marla confides in Annie about her serious health problems. When Teddy discovers Marco has been lying to him, he begins to question if Marco is cheating on him, but learns that Marco is actually hiding something else. Naomi learns that Max was accepted to a college in a different state, while Ryan has an unexpected visitor when Jen Clark returns.
67
21 "The Prom Before the Storm" Mike Listo David Rosenthal & Terrence Coli May 9, 2011 (2011-05-09) 1.43[21]
Just as everyone is preparing for the upcoming senior prom, Annie and Dixon receive some devastating news concerning their futures when they are told by Debbie that she cannot afford to send them to private universities. Meanwhile, Ivy discovers that Raj's health has taken a turn for the worse. Elsewhere, Adrianna takes the opportunity to try to rekindle her relationship with Navid while Silver is hospitalized in a psych ward following her relapse with her bipolar disorder. Silver begins to figure out that Adrianna may have swiped her medication, but has difficulty convincing Navid. Also, Naomi and Max's relationship is tested to the limit when she finds out he cheated on a paper for her. Elsewhere, Jen tries to win Ryan back by wanting him to move to Paris with her.
68
22 "To the Future!" Rebecca Sinclair Rebecca Sinclair & Paul Sciarotta May 16, 2011 (2011-05-16) 1.64[22]
As graduation looms, Naomi makes a decision that could prevent her from graduating with her class when she takes all the blame for cheating on her term paper to save Max from getting in trouble with her. Meanwhile, Liam tells Annie that he doesn't want to go to college with her, and Adrianna is ostrized from the group when they accidentally find out her scheme to get revenge on Silver. The next day, an impromptu wedding takes place as Raj and Ivy get married in a traditional Indian ceremony. Among the group, only Ivy's mother, Laurel, disapproves of Ivy's sudden choice to get married for she is aware of Raj's failing health. Also, Debbie, feeling that there is nothing in California for her anymore, decides to move on with her life by moving to Paris with Ryan. At the end, Naomi visits Max at his house where she tells him that she is pregnant.
Production[edit]
The CW officially renewed 90210 for a third season on February 16, 2010.[23] On May 20, 2010 the network announced its decision to move 90210 to Monday nights at 8:00 pm Eastern/7:00 pm Central, as a lead-in to Gossip Girl. Together, 90210 and Gossip Girl have the highest concentration of women 18–34 on network television, said The CW.[24] The series is produced by CBS Television Studios, with Rebecca Sinclair as executive producer.[24]
The season premiered on September 13, 2010.[25] The series returned from its midseason break on January 24, 2011,[12] with the season finale airing on May 16, 2011.[26]
Storylines[edit]
I kinda feel like there will be some downward spiral in a way for Naomi's character, but she's good at covering, so she'll still have that facade.
“
”
—AnnaLynne McCord on what fans can expect to see from Naomi in season 3 after being attacked by Mr Cannon.[27]
The third season of 90210 welcomed the students of West Beverly Hills High School to their senior year with a surprising new family and the destruction of another. Adrianna's pop career blossomed and a new love will caused the fall out of a group of friends. An earthquake hit Beverly Hills in the premiere. "We wanted to open the season with an event that has both physical and emotional ramifications for several people," said co-executive producer Jennie Snyder Urman, who added that the tremors would prove particularly life-altering for one teen. "One of them has a very serious injury that takes time to resolve and sort of changes the direction of his or her life."[28] It was revealed during the summer of 2010 that either Liam, Navid, or Teddy would come out as gay in season 3.[29] Co-executive producer, Jennie Urman said of that matter, "We want to address the issue in a real and relatable way."[29] The character was later revealed as Teddy.[30] Silver's bi-polar disorder was revisited after Adrianna tampered with her medication when implementing a plot for revenge.[31] In Season 3, Adrianna also sees a boom in her entertainment career as an aspiring reality TV star, though is eventually driven to desperate ends to keep her show alive, such as the pronouncement that she will be seeking to regain the daughter she once gave up for adoption. TVLine revealed that a major character would find out that she was pregnant in the finale.[32] It was later revealed that Naomi was the character in question.
Cast[edit]
I finished my stint there and the show is kind of off on its own, and I'm happy to walk away. It was fun, there's a lot of energy. My friend was producing the first season of the new show, and so that was kind of my motivation to be a part of it. And then he left and it just kind of got a little wonky, so I was happy to be a part of it in the beginning.
“
”
—Jennie Garth on leaving the series.[33]
On February 25, 2010, Gillian Zinser, who plays Ivy Sullivan, was promoted to series regular for the third season.[34] On May 20, 2010, with the reveal of The CW's fall schedule, the series regulars for the third season were announced. Shenae Grimes, Tristan Wilds, AnnaLynne McCord, Ryan Eggold, Jessica Stroup, Michael Steger, Jessica Lowndes, Matt Lanter and Lori Loughlin were all announced to be continuing their roles on the show. It was also announced that Trevor Donovan, who plays Teddy Montgomery, was upgraded to series regular.[24]
In January 2010, it was confirmed that Jennie Garth would be leaving 90210 to focus more on her writing.[35] Two days later it was announced that series lead, Rob Estes would also be departing the series.[36] Failure to reach an agreement in contract negotiations have been cited as a factor in Estes' departure, though, he apparently leaves on good terms with the producers and the network.[37] The producers said they were willing to let them go as they are "trying to establish a separate identity for the new show," and want to focus on the younger cast members and not those who starred Beverly Hills, 90210 and Melrose Place.[38] A representative for 90210 told E! Online, "This is Rob's last season on 90210. He's a talented actor and we couldn't have asked for a better Harry Wilson." The actor also released a statement regarding his exit saying, "This is my final season on 90210 and I wish the show, cast and crew nothing but the best. I am looking forward to spending time with my kids and exploring other opportunities."[38]
On June 29, 2010, it was announced that Kim Kardashian, Kourtney Kardashian and Khloé Kardashian would guest-star in the season premiere as themselves.[39] However, it was later revealed that just Kim and Khloe had filmed scenes.[40] Adrian Grenier appeared in one episode with his band at Naomi's 18th birthday party.[41] Entertainment Weekly Blair Redford was cast in a recurring role as a character named Oscar. They revealed he would move in with Ivy and her mother.[42] Evan Ross joined the cast as Charlie, an older newcomer who gets tangled up in a love triangle with two main cast members.[43] Zap2It reported that Mekia Cox would reprise her role as Sasha in the October 3 episode.[44] Kyle Riabko was cast as Ian, a love interest of Teddy.[45] Joe Jonas guest starred in the eighth episode of the season, escorting Adrianna on a red carpet event.[46]
Abbie Cobb began a recurring role in January 2011. She portrayed Annie and Dixon's cousin, Emily, who came to Beverly Hills with the purpose of stealing everything and everybody in Annie's life.[47] Claudia Black joined the cast as Guru Sona, a yoga teacher who Naomi comes to rely on when she meets the characters at a retreat.[48] On December 1, 2010, Movieline announced that rapper Nelly would play himself in an episode of the show in 2011. They revealed the storyline would focus on Dixon (Tristan Wilds) and Navid (Michael Steger) getting involved in the video shoot for Nelly's song 'She's So Fly'.[49] Kyle Riabko left the series to make himself available for the pilot season. Freddie Smith replaced Riabko as Teddy's new love interest, Marco. He was described as "hot", "super-athletic" and openly gay.[50] Snoop Dogg made a cameo appearance as himself in the later half of the season when he ran into Dixon at a carwash.[51] Alan Ritchson guest starred in the seasons eighteenth episode as a former prep-school roommate of Teddy's, who hooks up with him.[52] Oscar nominee, Sally Kellerman appeared in a multi-episode arc as Marla, a former movie star who is suffering from dementia and has become a hoarder. Marla hired Annie to help her clean out her house.[53] Manish Dayal was cast in a recurring role as Raj, who became involved in Ivy's life.[54] Josh Zuckerman was cast in a recurring role as Max Miller, a nerdy student and Naomi's lab partner whom Naomi develops feelings for.[55]
Reception[edit]
A line graph detailing the trend of viewership for the third season
The season premiere was watched by 1.96 million live viewers in the United States and achieved a 0.9 rating in the adults 18–49 demographic, up 22.5% in viewers and 12.5% in demo from the season two finale.[1] Episode 11 achieved season highs in all key demos with a 1.1 adults 18–49 rating, a 1.4 in adults 18–34 and a 2.1 rating in The CW's target demographic of women 18–34. It was also the most watched episode since October, 2009 with 2.18 million viewers tuning in.[11] Episode 15 hit series lows in women 18–34 with a 1.0 rating and matched series lows in adults 18–49 with a 0.7 rating.[15] The season finale scored a 0.8 rating in adults 18–49, which was lifted to a 1.2 rating with a full week of DVR viewing taken into account.[56] The season averaged 1.75 million viewers and a 0.9 rating in adults 18–49. With live+7 day DVR viewing taken into account, it averaged 2.26 million viewers and a 1.2 rating.[57] In the UK episode eight was seen by 548,000 viewers, which was higher than the pilot episode "We're Not in Kansas Anymore".[58] "Best Lei'd Plans" continued upwards with 604,000 viewers becoming the No. 2 rated show on E4 that week.[58]
Critical reception for the season was mostly positive. TVfanatic.com rated the season premiere 3.7 out of 5 and said, "The series started from scratch in a lot of ways, manufacturing brand new developments that added to 90210's fluidity problem, yet may prove to be promising if the drama can actually stick with certain developments and see them through."[59] Mark Estes of TVOverMind said "The West Beverly kids are back and is it just me or did they NOT disappoint tonight?"[60] His review of the second episode was also positive stating, "Two in a row? 90210 is really coming back strong this year as tonight's episode introduced new people, new plot lines, and the makings of a villain in the increasingly slimy Oscar."[61]
DVD release[edit]
The DVD release of season three was released after the season has completed broadcast on television. It has been released in Regions 1, 2 and 4. As well as every episode from the season, the DVD release features bonus material such as deleted scenes, gag reels and behind-the-scenes featurettes.
90210: The Third Season
Set details Special features
22 episodes
913 minutes (Region 1); 876 minutes (Region 2); 877 (Region 4)
6-disc set
1.85:1 aspect ratio
Languages:
English (Dolby Digital 2.0 Surround)
Subtitles:
English, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, Norwegian and Spanish (Region 1)
English, Arabic, Dutch, Norwegian, Swedish, English For The Hearing Impaired (Regions 2 and 4)
Audio commentaries:
"Coming Out"
"Behind the Scenes with Michael Steger and Matt Lanter Kime Buzzelli, Artist"
"A 90210 Wedding"
"A Season in Review: Senior Year"
"Deleted Scenes"
Release dates
United States United Kingdom Australia
August 30, 2011.[62] August 15, 2011 July 18, 2012[63]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Calabria, Rosario (September 21, 2010). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, September 20, 2010". Your Entertainment Now. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
Jump up ^ Calabria, Rosario (September 28, 2010). "Broadcast TV Ratings for Monday, September 27, 2010". Your Entertainment Now. Archived from the original on October 6, 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (September 28, 2010). "Monday Finals: Castle Adjusted Down; Chuck, Rules, Hawaii Five-0, 90210 Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 1, 2010. Retrieved September 28, 2010.
Jump up ^ Siedman, Robert (October 5, 2010). "Monday Finals: Castle, Lie to Me, 90210 Adjusted Down; How I Met Your Mother, Mike & Molly, Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 7, 2010. Retrieved October 5, 2010.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (October 12, 2010). "Monday Finals: Castle, Dancing Adjusted Down; How I Met Your Mother, Two And A Half Men, 90210 Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 14, 2010. Retrieved October 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (October 26, 2010). "Monday Finals: Castle Adjusted Down, Still Beats Five-0; Dancing, Rules, Men, Mike & Molly, Lie, 90210 Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 29, 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (November 2, 2010). "Monday Finals: Castle Adjusted Down Slightly; Chuck Holds". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on November 6, 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (November 9, 2010). "Monday Finals: Dancing, Castle, Mike & Molly, Rules, Men Adjusted Down; Lauer GWB Interview, 90210 Up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on November 14, 2010. Retrieved November 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (November 16, 2010). "Monday Finals: Mike & Molly, Lie to Me Adjusted Down; How I Met Your Mother Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 17, 2010.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (December 1, 2010). "Monday Finals: No Change for ChuckOr Any Other Original Episodes". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 1, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Gorman, Bill (December 7, 2010). "Monday Final Ratings: 'Hawaii Five-0,' '90210,' '2.5 Men' Adjusted Up; 'Skating With The Stars,' 'Castle' Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Seidman, Robert (January 25, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'Chuck' Drops, But Only a Little; No Change for 'Lie To Me' or 'Castle'". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (February 1, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: No Adjustments For 'Chuck,' 'Lie To Me,' 'The Cape' Or Any Other Original Episodes". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (February 8, 2011). "Monday Finals: No Ratings Adjustments For 'Chuck' or 'The Chicago Code'; 'Mike & Molly' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 8, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Gorman, Bill (February 15, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: No 18-49 Adjustments For 'Mad Love,' 'Chuck' Or Any Other Shows". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 15, 2011.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (February 23, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'The Bachelor' and 'Hawaii Five-0' Adjusted Up; No Adjustment for 'Chuck'". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (March 1, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'The Bachelor,' 'The Cape' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (April 19, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'The Chicago Code,' 'Cougar Town,' 'Gossip Girl' Adjusted Down; 'Mike & Molly,' 'Mad Love,' 'Hawaii Five-0,' 'DWTS' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved April 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (April 26, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'Dancing With The Stars' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 27, 2011.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (May 3, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'Dancing With The Stars,' 'How I Met Your Mother,' 'Mike & Molly,' 'Hawaii Five-0' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (May 10, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'Chuck,' 'Dancing,' 'House,' 'Mother,' 'Mad Love,' 'Mike & Molly' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers.
Jump up ^ Seidman, Robert (May 18, 2011). "Monday Final Ratings: 'Dancing,' 'Hawaii Five-0,' 'How I Met Your Mother,' 'Mad Love,' 'Mike & Molly' Adjusted Up; 'The Chicago Code' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 18, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ghosh, Korbi (February 16, 2010). "The CW renews 'Top Model,' 'Vampire Diaries,' 'Supernatural,' 'Gossip Girl,' '90210' – From Inside the Box – Zap2it". Zap 2 It. Archived from the original on November 10, 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gorman, Bill (May 20, 2010). "The CW Announces 2010–11 Schedule". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on May 24, 2010. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ "The CW Network announces Fall premiere dates" (Press release). The CW Television Network. June 30, 2010. Archived from the original on November 2, 2010. Retrieved November 2, 2010.
Jump up ^ "WHEN'S THE SEASON FINALE OF YOUR FAVORITE SHOW?". The CW (official website). February 17, 2011. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ House, M.L. (March 2, 2010). "90210 Season Two Finale Spoiler: All About Naomi". tvfanatic.com. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Keck, William (July 27, 2010). "Keck's Exclusives: 90210's Prime-Time Shake-Up". TV Guide. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Ausiello, Michael (July 13, 2010). "Exclusive: Which '90210' hottie is gay?". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Donahue, Emily (August 16, 2010). "90210' Gay Male Character Revealed!". MTV. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Masters, Megan (February 18, 2011). "Scoop: 90210 Revisits Silver's Bipolar Battle". TV Line. Archived from the original on February 20, 2011. Retrieved February 20, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (March 18, 2011). "90210 Pregnancy Mystery: Who's About to Break Some Big Baby News?". TV Line. Retrieved March 20, 2011.
Jump up ^ Wightman, Catriona (October 7, 2010). "Jennie Garth explains '90210' exit". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on November 9, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (October 13, 2010). "'90210' ups Gillian Zinser to series regular". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ SCHREFFLER, LAURA (January 17, 2010). "EXCLUSIVE! Peter Facinelli Confirms: Jennie Garth is Leaving '90210′". Hollywood Life. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ "EXCLUSIVE: 90210 Star Rob Estes Quits The Hit Show". RadarOnline. January 19, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ghosh, Korbi (January 20, 2010). "'90210': Rob Estes leaving, Harry Wilson will be written out". Zap 2 It. Archived from the original on November 9, 2010. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Dos Santos, Kristin (January 20, 2010). "Insiders Reveal Why Rob Estes and Jennie Garth Are Leaving 90210". E! Online. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Kardashian Sisters to Play Themselves on 90210". People. June 29, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Wightman, Catriona (July 28, 2010). "Khloe Kardashian: '90210 was a blast'". Digital Spy. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Snierson, Dan (September 16, 2010). "'90210: An exclusive first look at Adrian Grenier's musical appearance". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (July 1, 2010). "'90210' Exclusive: Soap star lands Oscar-worthy role". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on July 4, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ DiNunno, Gina (July 22, 2010). "Diana Ross' Son Joins the Cast of 90210". TV Guide. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Nededog, Jethro (September 2, 2010). "'90210': 'Undercovers' Mekia Cox returns to shake up Dixon's world". Zap2it. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (August 11, 2010). "Ask Ausiello: Spoilers on 'Grey's,' 'Chuck,' 'Glee,' '90210,' 'Pretty Little Liars,' and more!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (September 20, 2010). "'90210' Exclusive: Adrianna falls for... Joe Jonas!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (November 4, 2010). "Exclusive: Meet 90210's Newest Troublemaker". Movieline. Archived from the original on November 6, 2010. Retrieved November 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ Keck, William (November 19, 2010). "Keck's Exclusives: 90210 Casts Stargate Alum Claudia Black". TV Guide. Retrieved December 10, 2010.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt (December 1, 2010). "Exclusive: Red-Hot Rap Star Nelly To Visit 90210". Movie Line. Archived from the original on December 27, 2010. Retrieved January 30, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (December 8, 2010). "90210 Exclusive: Meet Teddy's New [Major Spoiler Alert]!". Movieline. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Masters, Megan (January 10, 2011). "90210 Exclusive: Snoop Dogg Makes a Pit Stop!". TV Line. Archived from the original on January 12, 2011. Retrieved January 12, 2011.
Jump up ^ Mitovich, Matt (January 13, 2011). "90210 Exclusive: Teddy Hooks Up With Aquaman!". TV Line. Archived from the original on February 5, 2011. Retrieved January 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (February 2, 2011). "90210 Exclusive: Oscar Nominee Sally Kellerman Cast as Annie's New Boss". TVLine. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ Rohit, Parimal (February 7, 2011). "'90210' Has First-Ever Lead Character of Indian Origin". Buzzinebollywood. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
Jump up ^ "ZIMBIO – News Stars On The Set Of '90210' In Los Angeles (Josh Zuckerman)". zimbio. January 11, 2011. Retrieved July 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (June 6, 2011). "Live+7 DVR Ratings: 'Modern Family' Tops Absolute And % Gains In Season's Final Full Week". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 18, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (June 13, 2011). "'Modern Family' Tops DVR Ratings Gain For The 2010–11 Season; 'Fringe' Has Biggest % Increase By DVR". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Weekly Top 10 Programmes (See relevant weeks and choose E4)". BARB.co.uk. Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. Retrieved February 21, 2011.
Jump up ^ Richenthal, Matt (September 14, 2010). "90210 Season Premiere Review: "Senior Year, Baby"". TV Fanatic. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Estes, Mark (September 13, 2010). "90210 3.01 "Senior Year, Baby!" Recap/Review". Zap 2 It. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Estes, Mark (September 20, 2010). "90210 3.02 "Age of Inheritance" Recap". Zap 2 It. Retrieved December 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ "90210 – The Complete 3rd Season". TVShowsonDVD. Retrieved November 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ "90210 - The 3rd Season". Ezy DVD. Retrieved May 20, 2012.
[hide]
v
t
e
Beverly Hills, 90210
Beverly Hills, 90210
(1990–2000)
Seasons
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Characters
Donna Martin
Dylan McKay
Kelly Taylor
Brenda Walsh
Misc
Home video releases
Soundtrack
The Unauthorized Beverly Hills, 90210 Story
Melrose Place
(1992–99)
Seasons
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Characters
Jane Mancini
Michael Mancini
Matt Fielding
Jake Hanson
Jo Reynolds
Amanda Woodward
Sydney Andrews
Kimberly Shaw
Lexi Sterling
Misc
The Unauthorized Melrose Place Story
90210
(2008–2013)
Seasons
1
2
3
4
5
Characters
Naomi Clark
Erin Silver
Adrianna Tate-Duncan
Teddy Montgomery
Misc
Soundtrack
Other series
Models Inc. (1994–1995)
Melrose Place (2009–2010)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=90210_(season_3)&oldid=814900085"
Categories:
2010 American television seasons
2011 American television seasons
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from March 2012
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Français
Italiano
Polski
Русский
Edit links
This page was last edited on 11 December 2017, at 16:01.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background: #45A6AC; color: black; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

attrs: colspan style

attrs: scope style

values:
row
white-space: nowrap

value: abbr

values: text-align:center;background: #45A6AC; color: black; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Annie_Wilson
mw-redirect
Annie Wilson

values:
/wiki/Dixon_Wilson
mw-redirect
Dixon Wilson

values:
/wiki/Silver_(90210_character)
mw-redirect
Silver (90210 character)

values:
/wiki/Navid_Shirazi
mw-redirect
Navid Shirazi

values:
/wiki/Debbie_Wilson_(90210)
mw-redirect
Debbie Wilson (90210)

values:
/wiki/Josh_Zuckerman_(actor)
mw-redirect
Josh Zuckerman (actor)

values:
/wiki/Sara_Michael_Foster
mw-redirect
Sara Michael Foster

values:
/wiki/Khloe_Kardashian
mw-redirect
Khloe Kardashian

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
description
7
border-bottom:solid 3px #45A6AC

values:
/wiki/Elizabeth_Allen_(director)
mw-redirect
Elizabeth Allen (director)

values:
/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)
mw-redirect
Central Time Zone (North America)

values:
/wiki/Gossip_Girl_(TV_series)
mw-redirect
Gossip Girl (TV series)

values: position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; text-align: left; font-family:'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight:bold; font-size: large; color: gray;

values: position: absolute; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; text-align: left; font-family:'Times New Roman',serif; font-weight:bold; font-size: large; color: gray;

values: float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em; width:30%; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #F9F9F9;

values:
/wiki/Ivy_Sullivan
mw-redirect
Ivy Sullivan

values:
/wiki/E4_(channel)
mw-redirect
E4 (channel)

attrs: border cellpadding cellspacing width style

values: margin: 0 1em 0 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;

values:
/wiki/The_CW_Television_Network
mw-redirect
The CW Television Network

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: List of Beverly Hills, 90210 home video releases

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:2010 American television seasons

values: Category:2011 American television seasons

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/90210_(season_3)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Saison 3 de 90210 Beverly Hills : Nouvelle Génération – French

values: Episodi di 90210 (terza stagione) – Italian

values: 90210: Новое поколение (сезон 3) – Russian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-90210_season_3 rootpage-90210_season_3 skin-vector action-view