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Cynthia Nixon
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Cynthia Nixon
Nixon at the Berlin premiere of Sex and the City in 2008
Born
Cynthia Ellen Nixon
(1966-04-09) April 9, 1966 (age 52)
New York City, U.S.
Education
Barnard College (BA)
Hunter College High School
Occupation
Actress
Years active
1979–present
Political party
Democratic
Spouse(s)
Christine Marinoni (m. 2012)
Partner(s)
Danny Mozes (1988–2003)
Children
3
Website
cynthiafornewyork.com
Cynthia Ellen Nixon (born April 9, 1966) is an American actress, activist, and politician.
Best known for her portrayal of Miranda Hobbes in the HBO series Sex and the City (1998–2004), Nixon won the 2004 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. She reprised the role in the films Sex and the City (2008) and Sex and the City 2 (2010). Other film credits include Amadeus (1984), James White (2015), and playing Emily Dickinson in A Quiet Passion (2016).
Nixon made her Broadway debut in the 1980 revival of The Philadelphia Story. Other Broadway credits include The Real Thing (1983), Hurlyburly (1983), Indiscretions (1995), The Women (2001), and Wit (2012). She won the 2006 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for Rabbit Hole, the 2008 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, the 2009 Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for An Inconvenient Truth, and the 2017 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for The Little Foxes. Her other television roles include playing political figures Eleanor Roosevelt in Warm Springs (2005), Michele Davis in Too Big to Fail (2011), and playing Nancy Reagan in the 2016 television film Killing Reagan.
On March 19, 2018, she announced her campaign for Governor of New York as a challenger to Democratic incumbent Andrew Cuomo.[1] Her campaign platform is described as focusing on income inequality, renewable energy, establishing universal health care, stopping mass incarceration in the United States, and protecting undocumented children from deportation.[2] She has also been nominated as the gubernatorial candidate for the Working Families Party.
Nixon is also a prominent advocate for LGBT rights in the United States, particularly the right of same-sex marriage.[3][4] She met her future wife at a 2002 gay rights rally, and announced her engagement at a rally for New York marriage equality in 2009.[5] In 2013, Nixon was honored with the Artist for Equality award by Yale University,[6] and in 2018 Nixon was honored with the Visibility Award by the Human Rights Campaign.[7]
Contents
1 Early life and education
2 Career
2.1 Early career
2.2 1990s
2.3 Stardom
2.4 2010s
3 Political activism
3.1 2018 New York gubernatorial election
4 Personal life
5 Filmography
5.1 Film
5.2 Television
6 Awards and nominations
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
Early life and education[edit]
Nixon was born in Manhattan, the only child of Anne Elizabeth (née Knoll; died 2013),[8] an actress originally from Chicago,[9][10] and Walter E. Nixon Jr. (died 1998), a radio journalist from Texas.[nb 1][11][12][13][14] She is of English and German descent.[15][16] Her grandparents were Adolph Knoll, Etta Williams, Walter Nixon, Sr., and Grace McCormack.[17][18][19] Nixon's parents divorced when she was six years old.[9] According to Nixon, her father was often unemployed[9] and her mother was the household's main breadwinner:[10] Nixon's mother worked on the game show To Tell the Truth, coaching the "impostors" who claimed to be the person described by the host. Nixon made her first television appearance on the show at 9 as one of the "impostors", pretending to be a junior horse riding champion.[9][20] Nixon was an actress all through her years at Hunter College Elementary School and Hunter College High School (class of 1984), often taking time away from school to perform in film and on stage.[21][22] Nixon also acted in order to pay her way through Barnard College, where she received a B.A. [23] in English Literature[24]. In the spring of 1986, she studied abroad with Semester at Sea.[25]
Career[edit]
Early career[edit]
Nixon's first onscreen appearance was as an imposter on To Tell the Truth, where her mother worked.[26] She began acting at 12 as the object of a wealthy schoolmate's crush in The Seven Wishes of a Rich Kid, a 1979 ABC Afterschool Special.[27] She made her feature debut co-starring with Kristy McNichol and Tatum O'Neal in Little Darlings (1980). She made her Broadway debut as Dinah Lord in a 1980 revival of The Philadelphia Story.[26] Alternating between film, TV, and stage, she did projects like the 1982 ABC movie My Body, My Child, the features Prince of the City (1981) and I Am the Cheese (1983), and the 1982 Off-Broadway productions of John Guare's Lydie Breeze.
In 1984, while a freshman at Barnard College, Nixon made theatrical history by simultaneously appearing in two hit Broadway plays directed by Mike Nichols.[22] They were The Real Thing, where she played the daughter of Jeremy Irons and Christine Baranski; and Hurlyburly, where she played a young woman who encounters sleazy Hollywood executives.[28] The two theaters were just two blocks apart and Nixon's roles were both short, so she could run from one to the other.[28] Onscreen, she played the role of Salieri's maid/spy, Lorl, in Amadeus (1984). In 1985, she appeared alongside Jeff Daniels in Lanford Wilson's Lemon Sky at Second Stage Theatre.[29]
She landed her first major supporting role in a movie as an intelligent teenager who aids her boyfriend (Christopher Collet) in building a nuclear bomb in Marshall Brickman's The Manhattan Project (1986).[30] Nixon was part of the cast of the NBC miniseries The Murder of Mary Phagan (NBC, 1988) starring Jack Lemmon and Kevin Spacey, and portrayed the daughter of a presidential candidate (Michael Murphy) in Tanner '88 (1988), Robert Altman's political satire for HBO. She reprised the role for the 2004 sequel, Tanner on Tanner.
1990s[edit]
On stage, Nixon portrayed Juliet in a 1988 New York Shakespeare Festival production of Romeo and Juliet,[31] and acted in the workshop production of Wendy Wasserstein's Pulitzer Prize-winning The Heidi Chronicles,[32] playing several characters after it came to Broadway in 1989. She was the guest star in the second episode of the long running NBC television series Law & Order. She played the role of an agoraphobic woman in a February 1993 episode of Murder, She Wrote, titled "Threshold of Fear".
Nixon succeeded Marcia Gay Harden as Harper Pitt in Tony Kushner's Angels in America (1994),[33] received a Tony nomination for her performance in Indiscretions (Les Parents Terribles) (1996), her sixth Broadway show,[34] and, although she originally lost the part to another actress, eventually took over the role of Lala Levy in the Tony-winning The Last Night of Ballyhoo (1997).
Nixon was a founding member of the Off-Broadway theatrical troupe Drama Dept.,[35] which included Sarah Jessica Parker, Dylan Baker, John Cameron Mitchell and Billy Crudup among its actors, appearing in the group's productions of Kingdom on Earth (1996), June Moon and As Bees in Honey Drown (both 1997), Hope is the Thing with Feathers (1998), and The Country Club (1999).
She had supporting roles in Addams Family Values (1993), Baby's Day Out (1994), Marvin's Room (1996), and The Out-of-Towners (1999).
Stardom[edit]
She raised her profile significantly as one of the four regulars on HBO's successful comedy Sex and the City (1998–2004), as the lawyer Miranda Hobbes. Nixon received three Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series (2002, 2003, 2004), winning the award in 2004, for the show's final season.[36]
Nixon, John Hurt and Swoosie Kurtz at the premiere of An Englishman in New York, 2009
The immense popularity of the series led Nixon to enjoy her first leading role in a feature, playing a video artist who falls in love, despite her best efforts to avoid commitment, with a bisexual actor who just happens to be dating a gay man (her best friend) in Advice from a Caterpillar (2000), as well as starring opposite Scott Bakula in the holiday television movie Papa's Angels (2000). In 2002, she also landed a role in the indie comedy Igby Goes Down, and her turn in the theatrical production of Clare Boothe Luce's play The Women was captured for PBS' Stage on Screen series.
Post-Sex and the City, Nixon made a guest appearance on ER in 2005, as a mother who undergoes a tricky procedure to lessen the effects of a debilitating stroke. She followed up with a turn as Eleanor Roosevelt for HBO's Warm Springs (2005), which chronicled Franklin Delano Roosevelt's quest for a miracle cure for his polio. Nixon earned an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her performance.[36] In December 2005, she appeared in the Fox TV series House in the episode "Deception", as a patient who suffers a seizure.
In 2006, she appeared in David Lindsay-Abaire's Pulitzer Prize-winning drama Rabbit Hole in a Manhattan Theatre Club production,[37] and won the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role (Play). (This part was later played by Nicole Kidman in the movie adaptation of the play.) In 2008, she revived her role as Miranda Hobbes in the Sex and the City feature film, directed by HBO executive producer Michael Patrick King and co-starring the cast of the original series.[38]
Also in 2008, she won an Emmy for her guest appearance in an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, portraying a woman pretending to have dissociative identity disorder.[36] In 2008, Nixon made a brief uncredited cameo in the comedy Forgetting Sarah Marshall. She appears in the background when Jason Segel's character mimics characters from Sex and the City at a bar.[citation needed]
In 2009, Nixon won the Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album along with Beau Bridges and Blair Underwood for the album An Inconvenient Truth (Al Gore).[39]
2010s[edit]
In March 2010, Nixon received the Vito Russo Award at the GLAAD Media Awards. The award is presented to an openly LGBT media professional "who has made a significant difference in promoting equality for the LGBT community". It was announced in June 2010 that Nixon would appear in four episodes of the Showtime series The Big C.[40]
Nixon in 2013
Nixon appeared in a Law & Order: Criminal Intent episode based on the problems surrounding the Broadway musical Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark. Her character is "Amanda Reese, the high-strung and larger-than-life director behind a problem-plagued Broadway version of Icarus," loosely modeled after Spider-Man director, Julie Taymor.[41]
In 2012, Nixon starred as Professor Vivian Bearing in the Broadway debut of Margaret Edson's Pulitzer Prize–winning play Wit. Produced by the Manhattan Theatre Club, the play opened January 26, 2012 at the Samuel J. Friedman Theatre.[42] Nixon received a Tony Award nomination for Best Actress in a Play for the performance.[43]
In 2012, Nixon also starred as Petranilla in the TV miniseries of Ken Follett's World Without End broadcast on the ReelzChannel, alongside Ben Chaplin, Peter Firth, Charlotte Riley, and Miranda Richardson.
In 2015, Nixon appeared in two films which premiered at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival: Stockholm, Pennsylvania and James White. She received critical acclaim for both performances, especially for the latter, which many considered as "Oscar-worthy."[44][45][46][47]
Nixon played the leading role of reclusive American poet Emily Dickinson in the biographical film A Quiet Passion directed and written by Terence Davies.[48] The film premiered in February 2016 at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival. In May 2016, it was announced that Nixon would play Nancy Reagan in the upcoming television film adaptation of Killing Reagan.[49] Filming began in late May and the film aired in October 2016.[49]
Nixon appeared on Broadway in the revival of The Little Foxes, officially opening on April 19, 2017 at the Samuel J. Friedman Theatre. She alternated the roles of Regina and Birdie with Laura Linney, winning her second Tony Award for her performance as Birdie.[50]
Political activism[edit]
Nixon is a long-time advocate for public education. She is a spokesperson for New York's Alliance for Quality Education, a public education fairness advocacy organization.[3][51][52]
Nixon also has a history of advocacy in support of women's health.[3]
She endorsed Bill de Blasio in the 2013 New York City mayoral election, who went on to win the Democratic nomination and then to win the general election. Nixon campaigned actively for de Blasio, whom she had worked with since the early 2000s when campaigning against Michael Bloomberg's education policies. De Blasio credited Nixon and union leader George Gresham as the two "architects of (his) campaign" in the Democratic primaries, when he defeated the favorite Christine Quinn. After his election, de Blasio appointed Nixon as his representative to The Public Theater.[53]
2018 New York gubernatorial election[edit]
Main article: New York gubernatorial election, 2018
In 2018, it was reported that Nixon was preparing a liberal challenge to the incumbent governor of New York, Andrew Cuomo.[54][55] On March 19, 2018, she announced via Twitter that she was running for governor.[56] On March 26, she went to the State Capitol in Albany for a rally with Alliance for Quality Education.
Nixon was expected to secure the nomination of the Working Families Party of New York during its annual convention in April 2018, thus guaranteeing her a spot on the general election ballot.[57] On April 15, Nixon won 91.5 percent of the vote at the Party's statewide committee meeting after Cuomo withdrew himself from consideration at the last minute. Nixon stated that in the event that she did not also secure the Democratic nomination, she would "confer with the Working Families Party and we will make the decision we think is best".[58]
The endorsement caused a schism in the party, as labor unions, including the Service Employees International Union, and Communications Workers of America, indicated they would not support the party in the election. The withdrawal, it was believed, would significantly hurt the party's finances which, in 2018, were at a level of $1.7 million and supported a statewide staff of about 15 people. The battle received considerable attention since there were concerns that Nixon might drain enough votes from Cuomo in the general election to allow a Republican to be elected (although Cuomo was comfortably leading the polls at the time). Cuomo had vigorously campaigned to get the nomination before withdrawing when it was clear he would not get it.[59][60]
In May 2018, Nixon drew criticism for claiming marijuana licenses should serve as "reparations" for the War on Drugs.[61][62] Her remark also prompted some to accuse her of turning a blind eye to issues facing the black community.[61][63][64]
On May 23, 2018, Nixon and other potential Democratic challengers to Cuomo were eliminated from the Democratic party endorsement at the state Democratic Convention after failing to meet the 25% state delegate threshold needed to appear on the ballot.[65] Nixon filed a petition with 65,000 signatures, more than four times the 15,000 required, to force a primary election.[66] The primary is September 13, and Nixon is on the ballot.[67]
Personal life[edit]
Nixon and her wife Christine Marinoni
From 1988 to 2003, Nixon was in a relationship with schoolteacher Danny Mozes.[68] They have two children together, son Samuel Joseph (born November 1996) and son Charles Ezekiel (born December 2002). In June of 2018, Cynthia revealed that her oldest child is transgender. [69][70]
In 2004, Nixon began dating education activist Christine Marinoni.[71] Nixon and Marinoni became engaged in April 2009,[72] and married in New York City on May 27, 2012, with Nixon wearing a custom-made, pale green dress by Carolina Herrera.[68][73] Marinoni gave birth to a son, Max Ellington, in 2011.[74]
Regarding her sexual orientation, Nixon remarked in 2007: "I don't really feel I've changed. I'd been with men all my life, and I'd never fallen in love with a woman. But when I did, it didn't seem so strange. I'm just a woman in love with another woman."[71] She identified herself as bisexual in 2012.[75] Prior to the legalization of same-sex marriage in Washington state (Marinoni's home), Nixon had taken a public stand supporting the issue, and hosted a fundraising event in support of Washington Referendum 74.[76]
Nixon and her family attend Congregation Beit Simchat Torah, an LGBT synagogue.[77][78][79]
In October 2006, Nixon was diagnosed with breast cancer during routine mammography.[80] She initially decided not to go public with her illness because of the stigma involved,[81] but in April 2008, she announced her battle with the disease in an interview with Good Morning America.[80] Since then, Nixon has become a breast cancer activist. She convinced the head of NBC to air her breast cancer special in a prime time program[81] and became an Ambassador for Susan G. Komen for the Cure.[82]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Nixon, 2008 Garden State Equality gala
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1980 Little Darlings Sunshine Walker
1981 Prince of the City Jeannie
1983 I Am the Cheese Amy Hertz
1984 Amadeus Lorl
1986 The Manhattan Project Jenny Anderman
1987 O.C. and Stiggs Michelle
1988 The Murder of Mary Phagan Doreen
1989 Let It Ride Evangeline
1993 The Pelican Brief Alice Stark
1993 Addams Family Values Heather
1993 Through an Open Window Nancy Cooper Short film
1994 Baby's Day Out Gilbertine
1996 Marvin's Room Retirement Home Director
2000 Papa's Angels Sharon Jenkins
2001 Advice From a Caterpillar Missy
2002 Igby Goes Down Mrs. Piggee
2005 Little Manhattan Leslie Burton
2006 One Last Thing... Carol
2007 The Babysitters Gail Beltran
2008 Sex and the City: The Movie Miranda Hobbes
2009 Lymelife Melissa Bragg
2009 An Englishman in New York Penny Arcade
2010 Sex and the City 2 Miranda Hobbes
2011 Rampart Barbara
2014 5 Flights Up Lilly
2015 Stockholm, Pennsylvania Marcy Dargon
2015 James White Gail White
2015 The Adderall Diaries Jen Davis
2016 A Quiet Passion Emily Dickinson
2017 The Only Living Boy in New York Judith Webb
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1974 Emergency! Adam West's Party Guest "The Bash"
1982 My Body, My Child Nancy TV film
1988 Tanner '88 Alex Tanner 10 episodes
1989 Gideon Oliver Allison Parrish Slocum Episode: "Sleep Well, Professor Oliver"
1989 The Equalizer Jackie Episode: "Silent Fury"
1990 The Young Riders Annie 2 episodes
1990 Law & Order Laura di Biasi Episode: "Subterranean Homeboy Blues"
1990 A Green Journey Janet TV film
1991 Love, Lies and Murder Donna Miniseries
1993 Murder, She Wrote Alice Morgan Episode: "Threshold of Fear"
1996 Early Edition Sheila Episode: "Baby"
1998–2004 Sex and the City Miranda Hobbes 94 episodes
1999 The Outer Limits Trudy Episode: "Alien Radio"
1999 Touched by an Angel Melina Richardson/Sister Sarah Episode: "Into the Fire"
2004 Tanner on Tanner Alex Tanner 4 episodes
2005 ER Ellie Episode: "Alone in a Crowd"
2005 Warm Springs Eleanor Roosevelt TV film
2005 House Anica Jovanovich Episode: "Deception"
2007 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Janis Episode: "Alternate"
2010–2011 The Big C Rebecca 10 episodes
2011 Too Big to Fail Michele Davis TV film
2011 Law & Order: Criminal Intent Amanda Rollins Episode: "Icarus"
2012 World Without End Petronilla 7 episodes
2012 30 Rock Herself Episode: "Kidnapped by Danger"
2013–2014 Alpha House Senator Carly Armiston 6 episodes
2014 Hannibal Kade Prurnell 4 episodes
2015 The Affair Marilyn Episode: "210"
2016 Broad City Barb Episode: "2016"
2016 Killing Reagan Nancy Reagan TV film
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Association
Category
Nominated work
Result
1981 Theatre World Award The Philadelphia Story Won
1987 Young Artist Awards Exceptional Performance by a Younger Actress in a Supporting Role The Manhattan Project Nominated
1995 Tony Awards Best Featured Actress in a Play Indiscretions Nominated
2000 Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Sex and the City Nominated
2001 Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Nominated
2002 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Won
2003 Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Nominated
2004 Golden Globe Awards Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series Won
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Won
2005 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie Warm Springs Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Sex and the City Nominated
2006 Golden Globe Awards Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film Warm Springs Nominated
Screen Actors Guild Awards Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie Nominated
Tony Awards Best Actress in a Play Rabbit Hole Won
2008 Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Won
2009 People's Choice Awards Favorite Cast Sex and the City: The Movie Nominated
Grammy Awards Best Spoken Word Album (with Beau Bridges and Blair Underwood) An Inconvenient Truth Won
2011 Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Actress Sex and the City 2 Won
2012 Tony Awards Best Actress in a Play Wit Nominated
2015 Critics Choice Awards Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Limited Series Stockholm, Pennsylvania Nominated
Chicago Film Critics Association Best Supporting Actress[83] James White Nominated
Detroit Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actress[84] Nominated
Online Film Critics Society Best Supporting Actress[85] Nominated
2016 Film Independent Spirit Awards Best Supporting Female[86] Nominated
Satellite Awards Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film[87] Stockholm, Pennsylvania Nominated
2017 Critics' Choice Television Awards[88] Best Actress in a Movie/Limited Series Killing Reagan Nominated
Tony Awards Best Featured Actress in a Play The Little Foxes Won
Drama Desk Award Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play Won
Drama League Award Distinguished Performance Nominated
Outer Critics Circle Award Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play Won
Women Film Critics Circle Awards Best Actress A Quiet Passion Nominated
International Online Film Critics' Poll Best Actress Nominated
Online Film Critics Society Award Best Actress Nominated
Florida Film Critics Circle Awards Best Actress Nominated
2018 National Society of Film Critics Awards Best Actress Runner-up[89]
See also[edit]
Biography portal
New York portal
LGBT culture in New York City
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ not to be confused with impeached Mississippi federal judge Walter L. Nixon Jr.
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ Clement, Olivia. "Broadway’s 'The Little Foxes' Opens April 19" Playbill, April 19, 2017
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Jump up ^ Nixon, Cynthia [@cynthianixon] (March 19, 2018). "I love New York, and today I'm announcing my candidacy for governor. Join us" (Tweet). Retrieved March 19, 2018 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "Cuomo cedes WFP line, labor unions pull out of party". politico.com. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
Jump up ^ Aronoff, Kate (15 April 2018). "Andrew Cuomo Sees What's Coming. He Doesn't Know Whether To Run, Join It, Or Destroy It". The Intercept. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "Flexing Their Support for Cuomo, Key Unions Leave Working Families Party". April 13, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018 – via NYTimes.com.
Jump up ^ "Working Families' Nod to Nixon Ends a Battle, but the War Awaits". April 19, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018 – via NYTimes.com.
^ Jump up to: a b "Cynthia Nixon called marijuana licenses a "form of reparations" for black people. Not exactly". Vox. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Cynthia Nixon catches criticism from both parties during Bay Ridge visit - Brooklyn Daily Eagle". www.brooklyneagle.com. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ Durkin, Erin. "EXCLUSIVE: African-American reverends slam Cynthia Nixon's 'reparations' comment - NY Daily News". Retrieved May 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Cynthia Nixon Says Legalized Pot in New York Could Serve as a 'Reparations' for Black Communities - EBONY". May 8, 2018. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ Kenneth Lovett, Glenn Blain, JANON FISHER (2018-05-24). "Gov. Cuomo overwhelmingly beats out Cynthia Nixon for Democratic Party nomination". NY Daily News. Retrieved 2018-06-23. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Donato, Chris (May 23, 2018). "Cynthia Nixon must gather signatures to get on ballot for New York governor". ABC News. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Cuomo's lead widens over Nixon in Democratic primary race". July 18, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Nudd, Tim (May 28, 2012). "Cynthia Nixon and Christine Marinoni Get Married". People. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Fernandez, Alexia (June 22, 2018). "Cynthia Nixon Reveals Her Oldest Child Is Transgender as They Mark Trans Day Of Action". People. Retrieved June 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ Silverman, Stephen M. (April 16, 2008). "Cynthia Nixon's Latest Role: Breast Cancer Advocate – and Survivor". People. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Hiscock, John (May 13, 2008). "Sex and the City's Cynthia Nixon: 'I'm just a woman in love with a woman'". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Cynthia Nixon Announces Engagement". Access Hollywood. May 18, 2009. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bauer, Zoe (December 4, 2012). "Celebrity Weddings: Brides Who Wore Colored Dresses in 2012". Yahoo! Celebrity. Archived from the original on March 13, 2014. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Jordan, Julie (February 8, 2011). "Cynthia Nixon & Christine Marinoni Welcome a Son". People. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Grindley, Lucas (January 30, 2012). "Cynthia Nixon: Being Bisexual "Is Not a Choice"". The Advocate. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ Dickie, Lance (September 24, 2012). "Ref. 74: Separate but equal does not work". The Seattle Times. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Secret Jewish History Of Cynthia Nixon".
Jump up ^ BeitSimchatTorah (July 1, 2011). "Cynthia Nixon Pride 2011". Retrieved April 20, 2018 – via YouTube.
Jump up ^ "Cynthia Nixon hosts party for Jewish organization T'ruah - Jewish Telegraphic Agency". jta.org. Retrieved April 20, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Sterns, Olivia; Periera, Jen; Trachtenberg, Thea; Zaccaro, Laura (April 15, 2008). "Cynthia Nixon Beats Breast Cancer, Becomes Advocate". ABC News. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Celebrities Inspiration Roundup". American Breast Cancer Guide. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007.
Jump up ^ Hooper, Duncan (April 17, 2008). "Cynthia Nixon describes breast cancer treatment". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved June 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ ZWECKER, BILL (December 14, 2015). "MAD MAX' LEADS PACK WITH MOST NOMINATIONS FROM CHICAGO CRITICS". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on December 22, 2015. Retrieved December 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "2015 Detroit Film Critics Awards Nominations". CinemaNerdz. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "OFCS 2015 awards winners announced". FlickFilosopher.com. December 14, 2015. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Anthony Alessandro; Amanda Duka (November 24, 2015). "Film Independent Spirit Award Nominations Announced: 'Carol', 'Spotlight', 'Beasts Of Nation' Come Up Strong". Deadline.com. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "2015 | Categories | International Press Academy". Pressacademy.com. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Critics' Choice Television Awards: HBO Leads 22 Nominations". Indie Wire. November 14, 2016. Retrieved November 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Nordine, Michael (January 6, 2018). "'Lady Bird' Wins Big at the National Society of Film Critics Awards". Retrieved January 6, 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Cynthia Nixon
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cynthia Nixon.
Gubernatorial campaign website
Cynthia Nixon on IMDb
Cynthia Nixon at the Internet Broadway Database
Cynthia Nixon at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
Interview with Nixon on educational advocacy
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Awards for Cynthia Nixon
show
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Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Play
Frances Sternhagen (1975)
Rachel Roberts (1976)
Rosemary De Angelis (1977)
Eileen Atkins (1978)
Pamela Reed (1979)
Lois de Banzie (1980)
Swoosie Kurtz (1981)
Amanda Plummer (1982)
Judith Ivey (1983)
Christine Baranski (1984)
Judith Ivey (1985)
Joanna Gleason (1986)
Mary Alice (1987)
Christine Estabrook (1988)
Tovah Feldshuh (1989)
Frances Conroy (1990)
Irene Worth (1991)
Christine Baranski (1992)
Madeline Kahn (1993)
Jane Adams (1994)
Tara Fitzgerald (1995)
Elaine Stritch (1996)
Dana Ivey (1997)
Allison Janney (1998)
Anna Friel (1999)
Marylouise Burke (2000)
Viola Davis (2001)
Katie Finneran (2002)
Lynn Redgrave (2003)
Audra McDonald (2004)
Adriane Lenox (2005)
Frances de la Tour (2006)
Martha Plimpton (2007)
Linda Lavin (2008)
Angela Lansbury (2009)
Viola Davis (2010)
Edie Falco (2011)
Judith Light (2012)
Judith Light (2013)
Celia Keenan-Bolger (2014)
Annaleigh Ashford (2015)
Saycon Sengbloh (2016)
Cynthia Nixon (2017)
Jamie Brewer (2018)
show
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Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Vivian Vance (1953)
Audrey Meadows (1954)
Nanette Fabray (1955)
Pat Carroll (1956)
Ann B. Davis (1957)
Ann B. Davis (1959)
Alice Pearce (1966)
Frances Bavier (1967)
Marion Lorne (1968)
Karen Valentine (1970)
Valerie Harper (1971)
Valerie Harper / Sally Struthers (1972)
Valerie Harper (1973)
Cloris Leachman (1974)
Betty White (1975)
Betty White (1976)
Mary Kay Place (1977)
Julie Kavner (1978)
Sally Struthers (1979)
Loretta Swit (1980)
Eileen Brennan (1981)
Loretta Swit (1982)
Carol Kane (1983)
Rhea Perlman (1984)
Rhea Perlman (1985)
Rhea Perlman (1986)
Jackée Harry (1987)
Estelle Getty (1988)
Rhea Perlman (1989)
Bebe Neuwirth (1990)
Bebe Neuwirth (1991)
Laurie Metcalf (1992)
Laurie Metcalf (1993)
Laurie Metcalf (1994)
Christine Baranski (1995)
Julia Louis-Dreyfus (1996)
Kristen Johnston (1997)
Lisa Kudrow (1998)
Kristen Johnston (1999)
Megan Mullally (2000)
Doris Roberts (2001)
Doris Roberts (2002)
Doris Roberts (2003)
Cynthia Nixon (2004)
Doris Roberts (2005)
Megan Mullally (2006)
Jaime Pressly (2007)
Jean Smart (2008)
Kristin Chenoweth (2009)
Jane Lynch (2010)
Julie Bowen (2011)
Julie Bowen (2012)
Merritt Wever (2013)
Allison Janney (2014)
Allison Janney (2015)
Kate McKinnon (2016)
Kate McKinnon (2017)
show
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Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series
Zohra Lampert (1974)
Fionnula Flanagan (1976)
Beulah Bondi (1977)
Rita Moreno (1978)
Alfre Woodard (1987)
Shirley Knight (1988)
Kay Lenz (1989)
Viveca Lindfors (1990)
Peggy McCay (1991)
Elaine Stritch (1993)
Faye Dunaway (1994)
Shirley Knight (1995)
Amanda Plummer (1996)
Dianne Wiest (1997)
Cloris Leachman (1998)
Debra Monk (1999)
Beah Richards (2000)
Sally Field (2001)
Patricia Clarkson (2002)
Alfre Woodard (2003)
Sharon Stone (2004)
Amanda Plummer (2005)
Patricia Clarkson (2006)
Leslie Caron (2007)
Cynthia Nixon (2008)
Ellen Burstyn (2009)
Ann-Margret (2010)
Loretta Devine (2011)
Martha Plimpton (2012)
Carrie Preston (2013)
Allison Janney (2014)
Margo Martindale (2015)
Margo Martindale (2016)
Alexis Bledel (2017)
show
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Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album
1959−1980
Stan Freberg – The Best of the Stan Freberg Shows (1959)
Carl Sandburg – Lincoln Portrait (1960)
Robert Bialek (producer) – FDR Speaks (1961)
Leonard Bernstein – Humor in Music (1962)
Charles Laughton – The Story-Teller: A Session With Charles Laughton (1963)
Edward Albee (playwright) – Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1964)
That Was the Week That Was – BBC Tribute to John F. Kennedy (1965)
Goddard Lieberson (producer) – John F. Kennedy - As We Remember Him (1966)
Edward R. Murrow – Edward R. Murrow - A Reporter Remembers, Vol. I The War Years (1967)
Everett Dirksen – Gallant Men (1968)
Rod McKuen – Lonesome Cities (1969)
Art Linkletter & Diane Linkletter – We Love You Call Collect (1970)
Martin Luther King Jr. – Why I Oppose the War in Vietnam (1971)
Les Crane – Desiderata (1972)
Bruce Botnick (producer) – Lenny performed by the original Broadway cast (1973)
Richard Harris – Jonathan Livingston Seagull (1974)
Peter Cook and Dudley Moore – Good Evening (1975)
James Whitmore – Give 'em Hell, Harry! (1976)
Henry Fonda, Helen Hayes, James Earl Jones and Orson Welles - Great American Documents (1977)
Julie Harris – The Belle of Amherst (1978)
Orson Welles – Citizen Kane Original Motion Picture Soundtrack (1979)
John Gielgud – Ages of Man - Readings From Shakespeare (1980)
1981−2000
Pat Carroll – Gertrude Stein, Gertrude Stein, Gertrude Stein (1981)
Orson Welles – Donovan's Brain (1982)
Tom Voegeli (producer) – Raiders of the Lost Ark - The Movie on Record performed by Various Artists (1983)
William Warfield – Lincoln Portrait (1984)
Ben Kingsley – The Words of Gandhi (1985)
Mike Berniker (producer) & the original Broadway cast – Ma Rainey's Black Bottom (1986)
Johnny Cash, Jerry Lee Lewis, Chips Moman, Ricky Nelson, Roy Orbison, Carl Perkins and Sam Phillips – Interviews From the Class of '55 Recording Sessions (1987)
Garrison Keillor – Lake Wobegon Days (1988)
Jesse Jackson – Speech by Rev. Jesse Jackson (1989)
Gilda Radner – It's Always Something (1990)
George Burns – Gracie: A Love Story (1991)
Ken Burns – The Civil War (1992)
Earvin "Magic" Johnson and Robert O'Keefe – What You Can Do to Avoid AIDS (1993)
Maya Angelou – On the Pulse of Morning (1994)
Henry Rollins – Get in the Van (1995)
Maya Angelou – Phenomenal Woman (1996)
Hillary Clinton – It Takes a Village (1997)
Charles Kuralt – Charles Kuralt's Spring (1998)
Christopher Reeve – Still Me (1999)
LeVar Burton – The Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr. (2000)
2001−present
Sidney Poitier, Rick Harris & John Runnette (producers) – The Measure of a Man: A Spiritual Autobiography (2001)
Quincy Jones, Jeffrey S. Thomas, Steven Strassman (engineers) and Elisa Shokoff (producer) – Q: The Autobiography of Quincy Jones (2002)
Maya Angelou and Charles B. Potter (producer) – A Song Flung Up to Heaven / Robin Williams, Nathaniel Kunkel (engineer/mixer) and Peter Asher (producer) – Live 2002 (2003)
Al Franken and Paul Ruben (producer) – Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them (2004)
Bill Clinton – My Life (2005)
Barack Obama – Dreams from My Father (2006)
Jimmy Carter – Our Endangered Values: America's Moral Crisis / Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee - With Ossie and Ruby (2007)
Barack Obama and Jacob Bronstein (producer) – The Audacity of Hope (2008)
Beau Bridges, Cynthia Nixon and Blair Underwood – An Inconvenient Truth by Al Gore (2009)
Michael J. Fox – Always Looking Up (2010)
Jon Stewart – The Daily Show with Jon Stewart Presents Earth (The Audiobook) (2011)
Betty White – If You Ask Me (And Of Course You Won't) (2012)
Janis Ian – Society's Child (2013)
Stephen Colbert – America Again: Re-becoming The Greatness We Never Weren't (2014)
Joan Rivers – Diary of a Mad Diva (2015)
Jimmy Carter – A Full Life: Reflections at 90 (2016)
Carol Burnett – In Such Good Company: Eleven Years of Laughter, Mayhem, and Fun in the Sandbox (2017)
Carrie Fisher – The Princess Diarist (2018)
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Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series (2000–2009)
Will & Grace, season 2/season 3 (2000): Hayes; McCormack; Messing; Mullally
Sex and the City, season 4 (2001): Cattrall; Davis; Nixon; Parker
Everybody Loves Raymond season 6/season 7 (2002): Boyle; Garrett; Heaton; Roberts; Romano; Sweeten
Sex and the City, season 6 (2003): Cattrall; Davis; Nixon; Parker
Desperate Housewives, season 1 (2004): Bowen; Chavira; Cross; Culp; Denton; Hatcher; Huffman; Kasch; Longoria; Metcalfe; Moses; Sheridan; Strong
Desperate Housewives, season 1/season 2 (2005): Bart; Bowen; Brooks; Chavira; Cross; Culp; Denton; Hatcher; Huffman; B. Kinsman; S. Kinsman; Longoria; Moses; Savant; Sheridan; Strong; Woodard
The Office, season 2/season 3 (2006): Baker; Baumgartner; Carell; Denman; Fischer; Flannery; Hardin; Kaling; Kinsey; Krasinski; Lieberstein; Novak; Nunez; Smith; Wilson
The Office, season 3/season 4 (2007): Baker; Baumgartner; Carell; Denman; Fischer; Flannery; Hardin; Kaling; Kinsey; Krasinski; Lieberstein; Novak; Nunez; Smith; Wilson
30 Rock, season 2/season 3 (2008): Adsit; Baldwin; Bowden; Fey; Friedlander; Krakowski; McBrayer; Morgan; Powell
Glee, season 1 (2009): Agron; Colfer; Gallagher; Gilsig; Lynch; Mays; McHale; Michele; Monteith; Morris; Morrison; Riley; Rivera; Salling; Shum; Sussman; Talton; Theba; Ushkowitz
Complete list
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(2010–2019)
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Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play
Ingrid Bergman / Helen Hayes (1947)
Judith Anderson / Katharine Cornell / Jessica Tandy (1948)
Martita Hunt (1949)
Shirley Booth (1950)
Uta Hagen (1951)
Julie Harris (1952)
Shirley Booth (1953)
Audrey Hepburn (1954)
Nancy Kelly (1955)
Julie Harris (1956)
Margaret Leighton (1957)
Helen Hayes (1958)
Gertrude Berg (1959)
Anne Bancroft (1960)
Joan Plowright (1961)
Margaret Leighton (1962)
Uta Hagen (1963)
Sandy Dennis (1964)
Irene Worth (1965)
Rosemary Harris (1966)
Beryl Reid (1967)
Zoe Caldwell (1968)
Julie Harris (1969)
Tammy Grimes (1970)
Maureen Stapleton (1971)
Sada Thompson (1972)
Julie Harris (1973)
Colleen Dewhurst (1974)
Ellen Burstyn (1975)
Irene Worth (1976)
Julie Harris (1977)
Jessica Tandy (1978)
Constance Cummings / Carole Shelley (1979)
Phyllis Frelich (1980)
Jane Lapotaire (1981)
Zoe Caldwell (1982)
Jessica Tandy (1983)
Glenn Close (1984)
Stockard Channing (1985)
Lily Tomlin (1986)
Linda Lavin (1987)
Joan Allen (1988)
Pauline Collins (1989)
Maggie Smith (1990)
Mercedes Ruehl (1991)
Glenn Close (1992)
Madeline Kahn (1993)
Diana Rigg (1994)
Cherry Jones (1995)
Zoe Caldwell (1996)
Janet McTeer (1997)
Marie Mullen (1998)
Judi Dench (1999)
Jennifer Ehle (2000)
Mary-Louise Parker (2001)
Lindsay Duncan (2002)
Vanessa Redgrave (2003)
Phylicia Rashad (2004)
Cherry Jones (2005)
Cynthia Nixon (2006)
Julie White (2007)
Deanna Dunagan (2008)
Marcia Gay Harden (2009)
Viola Davis (2010)
Frances McDormand (2011)
Nina Arianda (2012)
Cicely Tyson (2013)
Audra McDonald (2014)
Helen Mirren (2015)
Jessica Lange (2016)
Laurie Metcalf (2017)
Glenda Jackson (2018)
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Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play
Patricia Neal (1947)
Shirley Booth (1949)
Maureen Stapleton (1951)
Marian Winters (1952)
Beatrice Straight (1953)
Jo Van Fleet (1954)
Patricia Jessel (1955)
Una Merkel (1956)
Peggy Cass (1957)
Anne Bancroft (1958)
Julie Newmar (1959)
Anne Revere (1960)
Colleen Dewhurst (1961)
Elizabeth Ashley (1962)
Sandy Dennis (1963)
Barbara Loden (1964)
Alice Ghostley (1965)
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Marian Seldes (1967)
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Joan Hickson (1979)
Dinah Manoff (1980)
Swoosie Kurtz (1981)
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Judith Ivey (1983)
Christine Baranski (1984)
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L. Scott Caldwell (1988)
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Irene Worth (1991)
Bríd Brennan (1992)
Debra Monk (1993)
Jane Adams (1994)
Frances Sternhagen (1995)
Audra McDonald (1996)
Lynne Thigpen (1997)
Anna Manahan (1998)
Elizabeth Franz (1999)
Blair Brown (2000)
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Audra McDonald (2004)
Adriane Lenox (2005)
Frances de la Tour (2006)
Jennifer Ehle (2007)
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Scarlett Johansson (2010)
Ellen Barkin (2011)
Judith Light (2012)
Judith Light (2013)
Sophie Okonedo (2014)
Annaleigh Ashford (2015)
Jayne Houdyshell (2016)
Cynthia Nixon (2017)
Laurie Metcalf (2018)
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BNF: cb14211358n (data)
GND: 137210922
ISNI: 0000 0000 7841 1572
LCCN: n82225010
MusicBrainz: f390726e-963a-472f-88c9-7fc4a2b68f64
SNAC: w6r50zzh
SUDOC: 171178912
VIAF: 81434102
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cynthia_Nixon&oldid=856923458"
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Jan Koum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Jan Koum
Jan Koum (left) with Brian Acton
Native name
Ян Кум
Born
(1976-02-24) February 24, 1976 (age 42)
Kiev, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Residence
Santa Clara, California, United States
Citizenship
American
Alma mater
San Jose State University (dropped out)
Occupation
ex CEO of WhatsApp & Managing Director in Facebook, Inc.
Years active
2009 - 2018
Organization
WhatsApp Inc.
Known for
Co-founded WhatsApp
Home town
Fastiv
Net worth
US$9.2 billion (August 2018)[1]
Jan Koum (Russian: Ян Кум, Ukrainian: Ян Кум; born February 24, 1976) is a Ukrainian American entrepreneur and computer programmer. He is the co-founder and was the CEO of WhatsApp, a mobile messaging application which was acquired by Facebook Inc. in February 2014 for US$19.3 billion.
In 2014, he entered the Forbes list of the 400 richest Americans at position 62, with an estimated worth of more than $7.5 billion. He was the highest-ranked newcomer to the list that year.[2]
Contents
1 Early life and career
2 Yahoo!
3 WhatsApp and Facebook
4 Views
5 Charitable actions
6 References
7 External links
Early life and career[edit]
Koum was born in Kyiv, Soviet Union. He is of Jewish origin.[3] He grew up in Fastiv, outside Kyiv, and moved with his mother and grandmother to Mountain View, California in 1992,[4] where a social support program helped the family to get a small two-bedroom apartment,[5] at the age of 16. His father had intended to join the family later, but he never left Ukraine,[6] and died in 1997.[5] Koum and his mother remained in touch with his father until his death.[7] At first Koum's mother worked as a babysitter, while he himself worked as a cleaner at a grocery store. His mother died in 2000 after a long battle with cancer.
By the age of 18 Koum became interested in programming. He enrolled at San Jose State University and simultaneously worked at Ernst & Young as a security tester.[5] He also joined a group of hackers that began in 1996 called w00w00, where he met[5][8] the future founders of Napster, Shawn Fanning and Jordan Ritter.
In February 1996, a restraining order was granted against Koum in state court in San Jose, California. An ex-girlfriend detailed incidents in which she said Koum verbally and physically threatened her. In October 2014, Koum said about the restraining order, "I am ashamed of the way I acted and ashamed that my behavior forced her to take legal action".[9]
In 1997, Koum met Brian Acton while working at Ernst & Young as a security tester.[5]
Yahoo![edit]
Later in 1997, Koum was hired by Yahoo! as an infrastructure engineer. He quit school shortly thereafter.[5] Over the next nine years, Koum and Acton worked there together. In September 2007 they both left Yahoo! and took a year off, traveling around South America and playing ultimate frisbee. Both applied to work at Facebook, and both were rejected.[5]
WhatsApp and Facebook[edit]
In January 2009, Koum bought an iPhone and realized that the then seven-month-old App Store was about to spawn a whole new industry of apps. He visited his friend Alex Fishman and the two talked for hours about Koum's idea for an app over tea at Fishman's kitchen counter.[5] Koum almost immediately chose the name WhatsApp because it sounded like "what's up", and a week later on his birthday, February 24, 2009, he incorporated WhatsApp Inc. in California.[5]
WhatsApp was initially unpopular, but its fortunes began to turn after Apple added push notification ability to apps in June 2009. Koum changed WhatsApp to "ping" users when they received a message, and soon afterwards he and Fishman's Russian friends in the area began to use WhatsApp as a messaging tool, in place of SMS.[5] The app gained a large user base, and Koum convinced Acton, who was then still unemployed, to join the company. Koum granted Acton co-founder status after Acton managed to bring in $250,000 in seed funding.[5]
On February 9, 2014 Zuckerberg asked Koum to have dinner at his home, and formally proposed Koum a deal to join the Facebook board. 10 days later Facebook announced that it was acquiring WhatsApp for US$19 billion.[10][11][12][13][14]
Over the first half of 2016, Koum sold more than $2.4 billion worth of Facebook stock, which was about a half of his total holdings. He is estimated to still own another $2.4 billion worth of Facebook stock.[15]
On April 30, 2018, Koum announced that he was leaving WhatsApp and stepping down from Facebook's board of directors due to disputes with Facebook,[16] forfeiting unvested stock, worth almost $1 billion.[17] However, it has been discovered that he is still formally employed from Facebook, earning a reported $450 million in stocks from the company through a method called "rest and vest."[18][19]
Views[edit]
Koum dislikes being called an entrepreneur, going so far as to post on Twitter in 2012, "Next person to call me an entrepreneur is getting punched in the face by my bodyguard." He feels that he is not an entrepreneur because entrepreneurs are motivated by the desire to make money, whereas he only wants to build useful products.[20]
In 2017, Koum began posting messages on Facebook in support of U.S. President Donald Trump. In September 2017, he wrote on Facebook, "as somebody who grew up in Soviet Union, Donald Trump couldn't be more right about failures of socialism...".[21]
Charitable actions[edit]
In November 2014, Koum donated one million dollars to The FreeBSD Foundation, and close to $556 million to the Silicon Valley Community Foundation (SVCF) the same year.[22] In December 2016, Jan Koum donated another 500 thousand dollars to The FreeBSD Foundation.[23]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Jan Koum in Forbes". Forbes. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
Jump up ^ Forbes Announces Its 33rd Annual Forbes 400 Ranking Of The Richest Americans; 29 September 2014, Forbes.com, accessed 12 November 2014
Jump up ^ "WhatsApp Founder Jan Koum's Jewish Rags-to-Riches Tale". The Jewish Daily Forward. Reuters. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Rowan, David. "WhatsApp: The inside story (Wired UK)". Wired.co.uk. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Parmy Olson (February 19, 2014). "Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New $19 Billion Baby". Forbes. Retrieved February 20, 2014. .
Jump up ^ WhatsApp: Jan Koum – The Story Of A Man Who Kept It Simple, Jewish Business News, Feb 20th, 2014
Jump up ^ Olson, Parmy. "Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New $19 Billion Baby". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-08-10.
Jump up ^ "January Kum: communist Ukraine to 19 billion Whatsapp | Network 2". 2014-06-15. Archived from the original on 2014-06-15. Retrieved 2017-09-28. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ De Jong, David (2014-10-20). "Facebook's Jan Koum Apologizes for Past Restraining Order". Bloomberg.
Jump up ^ Olson, Parmy (2009-02-24). "Exclusive: The Rags-To-Riches Tale Of How Jan Koum Built WhatsApp Into Facebook's New $19 Billion Baby". Forbes. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
Jump up ^ "Facebook acquires WhatsApp in massive deal worth $19 billion - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
Jump up ^ "WhatsApp Founders Are Low Key — And Now Very Rich". Mashable.com. 2013-10-26. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
Jump up ^ "WhatsApp's Founder Goes From Food Stamps to Billionaire". Bloomberg News. Retrieved February 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Wood, Zoe (February 20, 2014). "Facebook turned down WhatsApp co-founder Brian Acton for job in 2009". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jan Koum Insider Trading Overview". www.insidermole.com. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
Jump up ^ Dwoskin, Elizabeth (2018-04-30). "WhatsApp founder plans to leave after broad clashes with parent Facebook". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2018-04-30.
Jump up ^ "Next change for Facebook: New board director, executives reshuffled". The Mercury News. 2018-05-08. Retrieved 2018-05-09.
Jump up ^ Salinas, Sara (2018-08-15). "The WhatsApp founder who left Facebook is still employed, in an apparent move to vest stock". CNBC. Retrieved 2018-08-16.
Jump up ^ US, Kif Leswing, Business Insider (2018-08-15). "The billionaire cofounder of WhatsApp is 'resting and vesting' — showing up to Facebook and barely working to collect a $450 million payday". Business Insider Singapore. Retrieved 2018-08-16.
Jump up ^ "Why WhatsApp's Founder Hates Being Called An Entrepreneur". Retrieved 2016-07-22.
Jump up ^ https://qz.com/1234223/whatsapp-co-founder-jan-koum-uses-facebook-to-share-pro-trump-stories/
Jump up ^ "No. 4: Jan Koum - Philanthropy". Philanthropy.com. 8 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Foundation Announces New Uranium Donor". FreeBSD Foundation.
External links[edit]
Jan Koum on Twitter
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