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List of National Basketball Association career 3-point scoring leaders
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This article provides two lists:
A list of National Basketball Association players by total career regular season three-point field goals made.[1]
A progressive list of three-point leaders showing how the record has increased through the years.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Three-point field goals made leaders
2 Progressive list of 3-point scoring leaders
3 Notes
4 External links
Three-point field goals made leaders[edit]
This is a list of National Basketball Association players by total career regular-season three-point field goals made.
Statistics accurate as of February 28, 2018.
^ Active NBA player
* Inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
† Not yet eligible for Hall of Fame consideration [3]
§ 1st time nominee for Hall of Fame in 2018 [4]
Rank
Name
Position(s)
Team(s) played for (years)[5]
Total 3-point field
goals made
Total 3-point field
goals attempted
3-point field goal
percentage
1 Allen, RayRay Allen§ SG Milwaukee Bucks (1996–2003)
Seattle SuperSonics (2003–2007)
Boston Celtics (2007–2012)
Miami Heat (2012–2014) 2,973 7,429 .400
2 Miller, ReggieReggie Miller* SG Indiana Pacers (1987–2005) 2,560 6,486 .395
3 Terry, JasonJason Terry^ SG/PG Atlanta Hawks (1999–2004)
Dallas Mavericks (2004–2012)
Boston Celtics (2012–2013)
Brooklyn Nets (2013–2014)
Houston Rockets (2014–2016)
Milwaukee Bucks (2016–present) 2,261 5,948 .380
4 Korver, KyleKyle Korver^ SG/SF Philadelphia 76ers (2003–2007)
Utah Jazz (2007–2010)
Chicago Bulls (2010–2012)
Atlanta Hawks (2012–2017)
Cleveland Cavaliers (2017–present) 2,186 5,072 .431
5 Pierce, PaulPaul Pierce† SF Boston Celtics (1999–2013)
Brooklyn Nets (2013–2014)
Washington Wizards (2014–2015)
Los Angeles Clippers (2015–2017) 2,143 5,816 .368
6 Crawford, JamalJamal Crawford^ SG/PG Chicago Bulls (2000–2004)
New York Knicks (2004–2008)
Golden State Warriors (2008–2009)
Atlanta Hawks (2009–2011)
Portland Trail Blazers (2011–2012)
Los Angeles Clippers (2012–2017)
Minnesota Timberwolves (2017–present) 2,133 6,100 .350
7 Curry, StephenStephen Curry^ PG Golden State Warriors (2009–present) 2,116 4,851 .436
8 Carter, VinceVince Carter^ SG/SF Toronto Raptors (1999–2004)
New Jersey Nets (2004–2009)
Orlando Magic (2009–2010)
Phoenix Suns (2010–2011)
Dallas Mavericks (2011–2014)
Memphis Grizzlies (2014–2017)
Sacramento Kings (2017–present) 2,090 5,596 .373
9 Kidd, JasonJason Kidd§ PG Dallas Mavericks (1994–1996, 2008–2012)
Phoenix Suns (1996–2001)
New Jersey Nets (2001–2008)
New York Knicks (2012–2013) 1,988 5,701 .349
10 Johnson, JoeJoe Johnson^ SG/SF Boston Celtics (2001–2002)
Phoenix Suns (2002–2005)
Atlanta Hawks (2005–2012)
Brooklyn Nets (2012–2016)
Miami Heat (2016)
Utah Jazz (2016–2018)
Houston Rockets (2018–present) 1,965 5,284 .372
11 Smith, J. R.J. R. Smith^ SG New Orleans(/Oklahoma City) Hornets (2004–2006)
Denver Nuggets (2006–2011)
New York Knicks (2011–2015)
Cleveland Cavaliers (2015–present) 1,887 5,058 .373
12 Nowitzki, DirkDirk Nowitzki^ PF Dallas Mavericks (1999–present) 1,886 4,919 .383
13 Billups, ChaunceyChauncey Billups PG/SG Boston Celtics (1997–1998)
Toronto Raptors (1998)
Denver Nuggets (1999, 2008–2011)
Minnesota Timberwolves (2000–2002)
Detroit Pistons (2002–2008, 2013–2014)
New York Knicks (2011)
Los Angeles Clippers (2011–2013) 1,830 4,725 .387
14 Bryant, KobeKobe Bryant† SG Los Angeles Lakers (1996–2016) 1,827 5,546 .330
15 Lewis, RashardRashard Lewis SF/PF Seattle SuperSonics (1999–2007)
Orlando Magic (2007–2010)
Washington Wizards (2010–2012)
Miami Heat (2012–2014) 1,787 4,625 .386
16 Stojaković, PejaPeja Stojaković SF Sacramento Kings (1999–2006)
Indiana Pacers (2006)
New Orleans/Oklahoma City Hornets (2006–2010)
Toronto Raptors (2010–2011)
Dallas Mavericks (2011) 1,760 4,392 .401
17 Ellis, DaleDale Ellis SF/SG Dallas Mavericks (1983–1986)
Seattle SuperSonics (1986–1991, 1997–1999)
Milwaukee Bucks (1991–1992, 1999–2000)
San Antonio Spurs (1992–1994)
Denver Nuggets (1994–1997)
Charlotte Hornets (2000) 1,719 4,266 .403
18 Nash, SteveSteve Nash§ PG Phoenix Suns (1996–1998, 2004–2012)
Dallas Mavericks (1999–2004)
Los Angeles Lakers (2012–2014) 1,685 3,939 .428
19 Richardson, JasonJason Richardson† SG Golden State Warriors (2001–2007)
Charlotte Bobcats (2007–2008)
Phoenix Suns (2008–2010)
Orlando Magic (2010–2012)
Philadelphia 76ers (2012–2015) 1,608 4,344 .370
20 Harden, JamesJames Harden^ SG Oklahoma City Thunder (2009–2012)
Houston Rockets (2012–present) 1,601 4,373 .366
21 Miller, MikeMike Miller^ SF/SG Orlando Magic (2000–2003)
Memphis Grizzlies (2003–2008, 2013–2014)
Minnesota Timberwolves (2008–2009)
Washington Wizards (2009–2010)
Miami Heat (2010–2013)
Cleveland Cavaliers (2014–2015)
Denver Nuggets (2015–2017) 1,590 3,910 .407
22 James, LeBronLeBron James^ SF Cleveland Cavaliers (2003–2010, 2014–present)
Miami Heat (2010–2014) 1,570 4,581 .343
23 Rice, GlenGlen Rice SF Miami Heat (1989–1995)
Charlotte Hornets (1995–1998)
Los Angeles Lakers (1999–2000)
New York Knicks (2000–2001)
Houston Rockets (2001–2003)
Los Angeles Clippers (2003–2004) 1,559 3,896 .400
24 Jones, EddieEddie Jones SG Los Angeles Lakers (1994–1999)
Charlotte Hornets (1999–2000)
Miami Heat (2000–2005, 2007)
Memphis Grizzlies (2005–2007)
Dallas Mavericks (2007–2008) 1,546 4,147 .373
25 Hardaway, TimTim Hardaway PG Golden State Warriors (1989–1993, 1994–1996)
Miami Heat (1996–2001)
Dallas Mavericks (2001–2002)
Denver Nuggets (2002)
Indiana Pacers (2003) 1,542 4,345 .355
26 Van Exel, NickNick Van Exel PG Los Angeles Lakers (1993–1998)
Denver Nuggets (1999–2002)
Dallas Mavericks (2002–2003)
Golden State Warriors (2003–2004)
Portland Trail Blazers (2004–2005)
San Antonio Spurs (2005–2006) 1,528 4,278 .357
27 Thompson, KlayKlay Thompson^ SG Golden State Warriors (2011–present) 1,522 3,603 .422
28 Bibby, MikeMike Bibby PG Vancouver Grizzlies (1999–2001)
Sacramento Kings (2001–2008)
Atlanta Hawks (2008–2011)
Washington Wizards (2011)
Miami Heat (2011)
New York Knicks (2011–2012) 1,517 3,999 .379
29 Ginóbili, ManuManu Ginóbili^ SG San Antonio Spurs (2002–present) 1,481 4,013 .369
30 Finley, MichaelMichael Finley SF Phoenix Suns (1995–1996)
Dallas Mavericks (1996–2005)
San Antonio Spurs (2005–2010)
Boston Celtics (2010) 1,454 3,880 .375
31 Matthews, WesleyWesley Matthews^ SG Utah Jazz (2009–2010)
Portland Trail Blazers (2010–2015)
Dallas Mavericks (2015–present) 1,403 3,658 .384
32 Durant, KevinKevin Durant^ SF/SG Seattle SuperSonics/Oklahoma City Thunder (2007–2016)
Golden State Warriors (2016–present) 1,399 3,644 .384
33 Redick, J. J.J. J. Redick^ SG Orlando Magic (2006–2013)
Milwaukee Bucks (2013)
Los Angeles Clippers (2013–2017)
Philadelphia 76ers (2017–present) 1,398 3,385 .413
34 Barry, BrentBrent Barry SG Los Angeles Clippers (1995–1998)
Miami Heat (1998)
Chicago Bulls (1999)
Seattle SuperSonics (1999–2004)
San Antonio Spurs (2004–2008)
Houston Rockets (2008–2009) 1,395 3,442 .405
35 Walker, AntoineAntoine Walker PF Boston Celtics (1996–2003, 2005)
Dallas Mavericks (2003–2004)
Atlanta Hawks (2004–2005)
Miami Heat (2005–2007)
Minnesota Timberwolves (2007–2008) 1,386 4,264 .325
36 Majerle, DanDan Majerle SG/SF Phoenix Suns (1988–1995, 2001–2002)
Cleveland Cavaliers (1995–1996)
Miami Heat (1996–2001) 1,360 3,798 .358
37 Davis, BaronBaron Davis PG Charlotte Hornets (1999–2002)
New Orleans Hornets (2002–2005)
Golden State Warriors (2005–2008)
Los Angeles Clippers (2008–2011)
Cleveland Cavaliers (2011)
New York Knicks (2012) 1,332 4,159 .320
38 Richmond, MitchMitch Richmond* SG Golden State Warriors (1988–1991)
Sacramento Kings (1991–1998)
Washington Wizards (1999–2001)
Los Angeles Lakers (2001–2002) 1,326 3,419 .388
39 Lowry, KyleKyle Lowry^ PG Memphis Grizzlies (2006–2009)
Houston Rockets (2009–2012)
Toronto Raptors (2012–present) 1,310 3,558 .368
40 Houston, AllanAllan Houston SG Detroit Pistons (1993–1996)
New York Knicks (1996–2005) 1,305 3,247 .402
41 Anderson, RyanRyan Anderson^ PF New Jersey Nets (2008–2009)
Orlando Magic (2009–2012)
New Orleans Hornets/Pelicans (2012–2016)
Houston Rockets (2016–present) 1,304 3,420 .381
Dunleavy Jr., MikeMike Dunleavy Jr.^ SF/SG Golden State Warriors (2002–2007)
Indiana Pacers (2007–2011)
Milwaukee Bucks (2011–2013)
Chicago Bulls (2013–2016)
Cleveland Cavaliers (2016–2017)
Atlanta Hawks (2017) 3,460 .377
43 Anthony, CarmeloCarmelo Anthony^ SF Denver Nuggets (2003–2011)
New York Knicks (2011–2017)
Oklahoma City Thunder (2017–present) 1,299 3,748 .347
44 Porter, TerryTerry Porter PG Portland Trail Blazers (1985–1995)
Minnesota Timberwolves (1995–1998)
Miami Heat (1999)
San Antonio Spurs (1999–2002) 1,297 3,360 .386
45 Blaylock, MookieMookie Blaylock PG New Jersey Nets (1989–1992)
Atlanta Hawks (1992–1999)
Golden State Warriors (1999–2002) 1,283 3,816 .336
46 Ariza, TrevorTrevor Ariza^ SF New York Knicks (2004–2006)
Orlando Magic (2006–2007)
Los Angeles Lakers (2007–2009)
Houston Rockets (2009–2010, 2014–present)
New Orleans Hornets (2010–2012)
Washington Wizards (2012–2014) 1,275 3,597 .354
47 Maxwell, VernonVernon Maxwell SG San Antonio Spurs (1988–1990, 1996–1997)
Houston Rockets (1990–1995)
Philadelphia 76ers (1995–1996, 2000)
Orlando Magic (1998)
Charlotte Hornets (1998)
Sacramento Kings (1999)
Seattle SuperSonics (1999–2000)
Dallas Mavericks (2001) 1,256 3,931 .320
48 Robinson, CliffordClifford Robinson PF/SF Portland Trail Blazers (1989–1997)
Phoenix Suns (1997–2001)
Detroit Pistons (2001–2003)
Golden State Warriors (2003–2005)
New Jersey Nets (2005–2007) 1,253 3,515 .356
49 Jackson, StephenStephen Jackson SG/SF New Jersey Nets (2000–2001)
San Antonio Spurs (2001–2003, 2012–2013)
Atlanta Hawks (2003–2004)
Indiana Pacers (2004–2007)
Golden State Warriors (2007–2009)
Charlotte Bobcats (2009–2011)
Milwaukee Bucks (2011–2012)
Los Angeles Clippers (2013–2014) 1,252 3,763 .333
50 Battier, ShaneShane Battier SF Memphis Grizzlies (2001–2006, 2011)
Houston Rockets (2006–2011)
Miami Heat (2011–2014) 1,250 3,254 .384
Progressive list of 3-point scoring leaders[edit]
This is a progressive list of 3-point scoring leaders showing how the record has increased through the years.
Statistics accurate as of February 21, 2018.
^ Active NBA player
* Inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
† Not yet eligible for Hall of Fame consideration[3]
§ 1st time nominee for Hall of Fame in 2018 [4]
Team Abbreviations
Team listed is the one player was on when he established the record.
BOS Boston Celtics HOU Houston Rockets ORL Orlando Magic SEA Seattle SuperSonics
CHA Charlotte Bobcats IND Indiana Pacers PHI Philadelphia 76ers TOR Toronto Raptors
CHI Chicago Bulls LAL Los Angeles Lakers PHO Phoenix Suns UTA Utah Jazz
CLE Cleveland Cavaliers MIA Miami Heat SAC Sacramento Kings WAS Washington Wizards
DEN Denver Nuggets MIL Milwaukee Bucks SAS San Antonio Spurs WSB Washington Bullets
GSW Golden State Warriors NYK New York Knicks SDC San Diego Clippers
Progressive 3 point Leaders
Season
Year-by-year leader
3P
Active player leader
3P
Career record
3P
Single season record
3P
Season
1979–80 Brian Taylor000SDC 90 Brian Taylor000SDC 90 Brian Taylor000SDC 90 Brian Taylor000SDC 90 1979–80
1980–81 Mike Bratz000CLE 57 134 134 1980–81
1981–82 Don Buse000IND 73 Joe Hassett000GSW 193 Joe Hassett000GSW 193 1981–82
1982–83 Mike Dunleavy000 SAS 67 194 194 1982–83
1983–84 Darrell Griffith000UTA 91 Darrell Griffith000UTA 154 Darrell Griffith000UTA 91 1983–84
1984–85 92 246 Darrell Griffith000UTA 246 92 1984–85
1985–86 Larry Bird*000BOS 82 Larry Bird*000BOS 267 Larry Bird*000BOS 267 1985–86
1986–87 90 357 357 1986–87
1987–88 Danny Ainge000BOS 148 455 455 Danny Ainge000BOS 148 1987–88
1988–89 Michael Adams000DEN 166 Dale Ellis000SEA 472 Dale Ellis000SEA 472 Michael Adams000DEN 166 1988–89
1989–90 158 568 568 1989–90
1990–91 Vernon Maxwell000HOU 172 Michael Adams
000DEN 1990–91
000WSB 1991–92 658 Michael Adams
000DEN 1990–91
000WSB 1991–92 658 Vernon Maxwell000HOU 172 1990–91
1991–92 162 783 783 1991–92
1992–93
Reggie Miller*000IND
Dan Majerle000PHO 167 Dale Ellis
000 SAS 1992–94
000 DEN 1994–97 882 Dale Ellis
000 SAS 1992–94
000 DEN 1994–97 882 1992–93
1993–94 Dan Majerle000PHO 192 1,013 1,013 Dan Majerle000PHO 192 1993–94
1994–95 John Starks000NYK 217 1,119 1,119 John Starks000NYK 217 1994–95
1995–96 Dennis Scott000ORL 267 1,269 1,269 Dennis Scott000ORL 267 1995–96
1996–97 Reggie Miller*000IND 229 1,461 1,461 1996–97
1997–98 Wesley Person000CLE 192 Reggie Miller*000IND 1,596 Reggie Miller*000IND 1,596 1997–98
1998–99 Dee Brown000TOR 135 1,702 1,702 1998–99
1999–00 Gary Payton*000SEA 177 1,867 1,867 1999–00
2000–01 Antoine Walker000BOS 221 2,037 2,037 2000–01
2001–02 Allen, RayRay Allen§000MIL 229 2,217 2,217 2001–02
2002–03 201 2,330 2,330 2002–03
2003–04 Peja Stojaković000SAC 240 2,464 2,464 2003–04
2004–05
Quentin Richardson0PHO
Kyle Korver^00PHI
226 2,560 2,560 2004–05
2005–06 Allen, RayRay Allen§000SEA 269 Allen, RayRay Allen§
000SEA 2005–07
000BOS 2007–12
000MIA 2012–14 1,755 Allen, RayRay Allen§000SEA 269 2005–06
2006–07 Gilbert Arenas00WAS
Raja Bell00PHO
205 1,920 2006–07
2007–08 Jason Richardson†000CHA 243 2,100 2007–08
2008–09 Rashard Lewis000ORL 220 2,299 2008–09
2009–10 Aaron Brooks^000HOU 209 2,444 2009–10
2010–11 Dorell Wright†000GSW 194 2,612 Allen, RayRay Allen§
000BOS 2010–12
000MIA 2012–14 2,612 2010–11
2011–12 Ryan Anderson^000ORL 166 2,718 2,718 2011–12
2012–13 Stephen Curry^000GSW 272 2,857 2,857 Stephen Curry^000GSW 272 2012–13
2013–14 261 2,973 2,973 2013–14
2014–15 286 Jason Terry^
000HOU 2014–16
000MIL 2016–18 2,076 286 2014–15
2015–16 402 2,169 402 2015–16
2016–17 324 2,242 2016–17
2017–18 James Harden^000HOU 206 2,255 2017–18
Season
Year-by-Year Leader
3P
Active Player Leader
3P
Career Record
3P
Single Season Record
3P
Season

Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ The National Basketball Association did not record 3-point field goals until the 1979–80 season
Jump up ^ "NBA Progressive Leaders and Records for 3-Pt Field Goals". Basketball-Reference.com. Sports-Reference. Retrieved 24 March 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b A player is not eligible for induction into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame until he has been fully retired for three calendar years.
^ Jump up to: a b "Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame Announces Eligible Candidates for the Class of 2018". Retrieved 29 December 2017.
Jump up ^ American Basketball Association (ABA) teams other than those admitted into the NBA in 1976 are not included; each year is linked to an article about that particular NBA season.
External links[edit]
Basketball-Reference.com enumeration of NBA career leaders in 3-point field goals made
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text:
Translation (biology)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Overview of the translation of eukaryotic messenger RNA
Diagram showing the translation of mRNA and the synthesis of proteins by a ribosome
In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus. The entire process is called gene expression.
In translation, messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded in a ribosome, outside the nucleus, to produce a specific amino acid chain, or polypeptide. The polypeptide later folds into an active protein and performs its functions in the cell. The ribosome facilitates decoding by inducing the binding of complementary tRNA anticodon sequences to mRNA codons. The tRNAs carry specific amino acids that are chained together into a polypeptide as the mRNA passes through and is "read" by the ribosome.
Translation proceeds in three phases:
Initiation: The ribosome assembles around the target mRNA. The first tRNA is attached at the start codon.
Elongation: The tRNA transfers an amino acid to the tRNA corresponding to the next codon. The ribosome then moves (translocates) to the next mRNA codon to continue the process, creating an amino acid chain.
Termination: When a stop codon is reached, the ribosome releases the polypeptide.
In prokaryotes (bacteria), translation occurs in the cytoplasm, where the large and small subunits of the ribosome bind to the mRNA. In eukaryotes, translation occurs in the cytosol or across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum in process called co-tanslational translocation. In co-translational translocation, the entire ribosome/mRNA complex binds to the outer membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the new protein is synthesized and released into the ER; the newly created polypeptide can be stored inside the ER for future vesicle transport and secretion outside the cell, or immediately secreted.
Many types of transcribed RNA, such as transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, and small nuclear RNA, do not undergo translation into proteins.
A number of antibiotics act by inhibiting translation. These include anisomycin, cycloheximide, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, erythromycin, and puromycin. Prokaryotic ribosomes have a different structure from that of eukaryotic ribosomes, and thus antibiotics can specifically target bacterial infections without any harm to a eukaryotic host's cells.
Contents
[hide]
1 Basic mechanisms
2 Genetic code
2.1 Translation tables
3 See also
4 References
5 Further reading
6 External links
Basic mechanisms[edit]
Further information: Prokaryotic translation and Eukaryotic translation
A ribosome translating a protein that is secreted into the endoplasmic reticulum. tRNAs are colored dark blue.
Tertiary structure of tRNA. CCA tail in orange, Acceptor stem in purple, D arm in red, Anticodon arm in blue with Anticodon in black, T arm in green.
The basic process of protein production is addition of one amino acid at a time to the end of a protein. This operation is performed by a ribosome. A ribosome is made up of two subunits, a small subunit and a large subunit. these subunits come together before translation of mRNA into a protein to provide a location for translation to be carried out and a polypeptide to be produced.[1] The choice of amino acid type to add is determined by an mRNA molecule. Each amino acid added is matched to a three nucleotide subsequence of the mRNA. For each such triplet possible, the corresponding amino acid is accepted. The successive amino acids added to the chain are matched to successive nucleotide triplets in the mRNA. In this way the sequence of nucleotides in the template mRNA chain determines the sequence of amino acids in the generated amino acid chain.[2] Addition of an amino acid occurs at the C-terminus of the peptide and thus translation is said to be amino-to-carboxyl directed.[3]
The mRNA carries genetic information encoded as a ribonucleotide sequence from the chromosomes to the ribosomes. The ribonucleotides are "read" by translational machinery in a sequence of nucleotide triplets called codons. Each of those triplets codes for a specific amino acid.
The ribosome molecules translate this code to a specific sequence of amino acids. The ribosome is a multisubunit structure containing rRNA and proteins. It is the "factory" where amino acids are assembled into proteins. tRNAs are small noncoding RNA chains (74-93 nucleotides) that transport amino acids to the ribosome. tRNAs have a site for amino acid attachment, and a site called an anticodon. The anticodon is an RNA triplet complementary to the mRNA triplet that codes for their cargo amino acid.
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (enzymes) catalyze the bonding between specific tRNAs and the amino acids that their anticodon sequences call for. The product of this reaction is an aminoacyl-tRNA. This aminoacyl-tRNA is carried to the ribosome by EF-Tu, where mRNA codons are matched through complementary base pairing to specific tRNA anticodons. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that mispair tRNAs with the wrong amino acids can produce mischarged aminoacyl-tRNAs, which can result in inappropriate amino acids at the respective position in protein. This "mistranslation"[4] of the genetic code naturally occurs at low levels in most organisms, but certain cellular environments cause an increase in permissive mRNA decoding, sometimes to the benefit of the cell.
The ribosome has three sites for tRNA to bind. They are the aminoacyl site (abbreviated A), the peptidyl site (abbreviated P) and the exit site (abbreviated E). With respect to the mRNA, the three sites are oriented 5’ to 3’ E-P-A, because ribosomes move toward the 3' end of mRNA. The A-site binds the incoming tRNA with the complementary codon on the mRNA. The P-site holds the tRNA with the growing polypeptide chain. The E-site holds the tRNA without its amino acid. When an aminoacyl-tRNA initially binds to its corresponding codon on the mRNA, it is in the A site. Then, a peptide bond forms between the amino acid of the tRNA in the A site and the amino acid of the charged tRNA in the P site. The growing polypeptide chain is transferred to the tRNA in the A site. Translocation occurs, moving the tRNA in the P site, now without an amino acid, to the E site; the tRNA that was in the A site, now charged with the polypeptide chain, is moved to the P site. The tRNA in the E site leaves and another aminoacyl-tRNA enters the A site to repeat the process.[5]
After the new amino acid is added to the chain, and after the mRNA is released out of the nucleus and into the ribosome's core, the energy provided by the hydrolysis of a GTP bound to the translocase EF-G (in prokaryotes) and eEF-2 (in eukaryotes) moves the ribosome down one codon towards the 3' end. The energy required for translation of proteins is significant. For a protein containing n amino acids, the number of high-energy phosphate bonds required to translate it is 4n-1[citation needed]. The rate of translation varies; it is significantly higher in prokaryotic cells (up to 17-21 amino acid residues per second) than in eukaryotic cells (up to 6-9 amino acid residues per second).[6]
Even though the ribosomes are usually considered accurate and processive machines, the translation process is subject to errors that can lead either to the synthesis of erroneous proteins or to the premature abandonment of translation. The rate of error in synthesizing proteins has been estimated to be between 1/105 and 1/103 misincorporated amino acids, depending on the experimental conditions.[7] The rate of premature translation abandonment, instead, has been estimated to be of the order of magnitude of 10−4 events per translated codon.[8] The correct amino acid is covalently bonded to the correct transfer RNA (tRNA) by amino acyl transferases. The amino acid is joined by its carboxyl group to the 3' OH of the tRNA by an ester bond. When the tRNA has an amino acid linked to it, the tRNA is termed "charged". Initiation involves the small subunit of the ribosome binding to the 5' end of mRNA with the help of initiation factors (IF). Termination of the polypeptide happens when the A site of the ribosome faces a stop codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA) on the mRNA. tRNA usually cannot recognize or bind to stop codons. Instead, the stop codon induces the binding of a release factor protein that prompts the disassembly of the entire ribosome/mRNA complex and the hydrolysis and the release of the polypeptide chain from the ribosome. Drugs or special sequence motifs on the mRNA can change the ribosomal structure so that near-cognate tRNAs are bound to the stop codon instead of the release factors. In such cases of 'translational readthrough', translation continues until the ribosome encounters the next stop codon.[9]
The process of translation is highly regulated in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Regulation of translation can impact the global rate of protein synthesis which is closely coupled to the metabolic and proliferative state of a cell. In addition, recent work has revealed that genetic differences and their subsequent expression as mRNAs can also impact translation rate in an RNA-specific manner.[10]
Genetic code[edit]
Main article: Genetic code
Whereas other aspects such as the 3D structure, called tertiary structure, of protein can only be predicted using sophisticated algorithms, the amino acid sequence, called primary structure, can be determined solely from the nucleic acid sequence with the aid of a translation table.
This approach may not give the correct amino acid composition of the protein, in particular if unconventional amino acids such as selenocysteine are incorporated into the protein, which is coded for by a conventional stop codon in combination with a downstream hairpin (SElenoCysteine Insertion Sequence, or SECIS).
There are many computer programs capable of translating a DNA/RNA sequence into a protein sequence. Normally this is performed using the Standard Genetic Code, however, few programs can handle all the "special" cases, such as the use of the alternative initiation codons. For instance, the rare alternative start codon CTG codes for Methionine when used as a start codon, and for Leucine in all other positions.
Example: Condensed translation table for the Standard Genetic Code (from the NCBI Taxonomy webpage).
 AAs    = FFLLSSSSYY**CC*WLLLLPPPPHHQQRRRRIIIMTTTTNNKKSSRRVVVVAAAADDEEGGGG
 Starts = ---M---------------M---------------M----------------------------
 Base1  = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG
 Base2  = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGG
 Base3  = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG

Translation tables[edit]
Even when working with ordinary eukaryotic sequences such as the Yeast genome, it is often desired to be able to use alternative translation tables—namely for translation of the mitochondrial genes. Currently the following translation tables are defined by the NCBI Taxonomy Group for the translation of the sequences in GenBank:
The Standard
The Vertebrate Mitochondrial Code
The Yeast Mitochondrial Code
The Mold, Protozoan, and Coelenterate Mitochondrial Code and the Mycoplasma/Spiroplasma Code
The Invertebrate Mitochondrial Code
The Ciliate, Dasycladacean and Hexamita Nuclear Code
The Echinoderm and Flatworm Mitochondrial Code
The Euplotid Nuclear Code
The Bacterial and Plant Plastid Code
The Alternative Yeast Nuclear Code
The Ascidian Mitochondrial Code
The Alternative Flatworm Mitochondrial Code
Blepharisma Nuclear Code
Chlorophycean Mitochondrial Code
Trematode Mitochondrial Code
Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial Code
Thraustochytrium Mitochondrial Code
See also[edit]
DNA codon table
Expanded genetic code
Protein methods
Start codon
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Biology. McGraw hill education. p. 249. ISBN 978-981-4581-85-1.
Jump up ^ Neill C (1996). Biology (Fourth ed.). The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company. pp. 309–310. ISBN 0-8053-1940-9.
Jump up ^ Stryer L (2002). Biochemistry (Fifth ed.). W. H. Freeman and Company. p. 826. ISBN 0-7167-4684-0.
Jump up ^ Moghal A, Mohler K, Ibba M (November 2014). "Mistranslation of the genetic code". FEBS Letters. 588 (23): 4305–10. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.035. PMC 4254111  . PMID 25220850.
Jump up ^ Griffiths A (2008). "9". Introduction to Genetic Analysis (9th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman and Company. pp. 335–339. ISBN 978-0-7167-6887-6.
Jump up ^ Ross JF, Orlowski M (February 1982). "Growth-rate-dependent adjustment of ribosome function in chemostat-grown cells of the fungus Mucor racemosus". Journal of Bacteriology. 149 (2): 650–3. PMC 216554  . PMID 6799491.
Jump up ^ Wohlgemuth, I; Pohl, C; Mittelstaet, J; Konevega, AL; Rodnina, MV (27 October 2011). "Evolutionary optimization of speed and accuracy of decoding on the ribosome". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 366 (1580): 2979–86. doi:10.1098/rstb.2011.0138. PMC 3158919  . PMID 21930591.
Jump up ^ Sin, C; Valleriani, A; Chiarugi, D (1 March 2016). "Quantitative assessment of ribosome drop-off in E. coli". Nucleic Acids Research. 44 (6): 2528. doi:10.1093/nar/gkw137. PMC 4824120  . PMID 26935582.
Jump up ^ Schueren F and Thoms S (2016). "Functional Translational Readthrough: A Systems Biology Perspective". PLOS Genetics. 12 (e1006196): 12. doi:10.1371/JOURNAL.PGEN.1006196. PMC 4973966  . PMID 27490485.
Jump up ^ Cenik C, Cenik ES, Byeon GW, Grubert F, Candille SI, Spacek D, Alsallakh B, Tilgner H, Araya CL, Tang H, Ricci E, Snyder MP (November 2015). "Integrative analysis of RNA, translation, and protein levels reveals distinct regulatory variation across humans". Genome Research. 25 (11): 1610–21. doi:10.1101/gr.193342.115. PMC 4617958  . PMID 26297486.
Further reading[edit]
Champe PC, Harvey RA, Ferrier DR (2004). Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry (3rd ed.). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-2265-9.
Cox M, Nelson DR, Lehninger AL (2005). Lehninger principles of biochemistry (4th ed.). San Francisco...: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-4339-6.
Malys N, McCarthy JE (March 2011). "Translation initiation: variations in the mechanism can be anticipated". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 68 (6): 991–1003. doi:10.1007/s00018-010-0588-z. PMID 21076851.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Translation (biology).
Virtual Cell Animation Collection: Introducing Translation
Translate tool (from DNA or RNA sequence)
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Gene expression
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DNA → RNA → Protein
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Post-translational modification (functional groups · peptides · structural changes)
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Influential people
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[show]
v
t
e
Protein biosynthesis: translation (prokaryotic, eukaryotic)
Proteins
Initiation factor
Prokaryotic
PIF-1
PIF-2
PIF-3
Archaeal
aIF1
aIF2
aIF5
aIF6
Eukaryotic
eIF1
eIF1
EIF1AX
AY
1B
eIF2
EIF2S1
EIF2S2
EIF2S3
EIF2B1
EIF2B2
EIF2B3
EIF2B4
EIF2B5
EIF-2 kinase
eIF2A
eIF2D
eIF3
EIF3A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
eIF4
EIF4A2
A3
B
E1
E2
E3
G1
G2
G3
H
eIF5
EIF5
EIF5A
A2
5B
eIF6
EIF6
Elongation factor
Prokaryotic
EF-Tu
EF-Ts
EF-G
Archaeal
aEF-1
aEF-2
Eukaryotic
EEF-1
EEF1A1
EEF1A2
EEF1A3
EEF1B1
EEF1B2
EEF1B3
EEF1B4
EEF1D
EEF1E1
EEF1G
EEF2
Release factor
Prokaryotic
Archaeal
Eukaryotic (ETF1)
Ribosomal Proteins
Cytoplasmic
60S subunit
RPL3
RPL4
RPL5
RPL6
RPL7
RPL7A
RPL8
RPL9
RPL10
RPL10A
RPL10-like
RPL11
RPL12
RPL13
RPL13A
RPL14
RPL15
RPL16
RPL17
RPL18
RPL18A
RPL19
RPL20
RPL21
RPL22
RPL23
RPL23A
RPL24
RPL25
RPL26
RPL27
RPL27A
RPL28
RPL29
RPL30
RPL31
RPL32
RPL33
RPL34
RPL35
RPL35A
RPL36
RPL36A
RPL37
RPL37A
RPL38
RPL39
RPL40
RPL41
RPLP0
RPLP1
RPLP2
RPLP3
RRP15-like
RSL24D1
40S subunit
RPSA
RPS2
RPS3
RPS3A
RPS4 (RPS4X, RPS4Y1, RPS4Y2)
RPS5
RPS6
RPS7
RPS8
RPS9
RPS10
RPS11
RPS12
RPS13
RPS14
RPS15
RPS15A
RPS16
RPS17
RPS18
RPS19
RPS20
RPS21
RPS22
RPS23
RPS24
RPS25
RPS26
RPS27
RPS27A
RPS28
RPS29
RPS30
RACK1
Mitochondrial
39S subunit
MRPL1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
28S subunit
MRPS1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
Other concepts
Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
Reading frame
Start codon
Stop codon
Shine-Dalgarno sequence/Kozak consensus sequence
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Mary and the Witch's Flower
Japanese theatrical release poster
Japanese
メアリと魔女の花
Hepburn
Meari to Majo no Hana
Directed by
Hiromasa Yonebayashi
Produced by
Yoshiaki Nishimura
Screenplay by
Riko Sakaguchi
Hiromasa Yonebayashi
Based on
The Little Broomstick
by Mary Stewart[1]
Starring
Hana Sugisaki
Yūki Amami
Fumiyo Kohinata
Music by
Takatsugu Muramatsu
Cinematography
Toru Fukushi
Production
company
Studio Ponoc
Distributed by
Toho
Release date
8 July 2017 (2017-07-08)
Running time
103 minutes[2]
Country
Japan
Language
Japanese
Box office
$33.1 million[3]
Mary and the Witch's Flower (Japanese: メアリと魔女の花, Hepburn: Meari to Majo no Hana) is a 2017 Japanese anime fantasy film directed by Hiromasa Yonebayashi and animated by Studio Ponoc for the Nippon Television Network and Mary and the Witch's Flower Film Partners, and distributed by Toho. Based on The Little Broomstick by Mary Stewart, this is Ponoc's first feature film.[4]
The film tells a story of a girl named Mary who finds a mysterious flower that can give her the power to become a witch for only one night.[5][6] The film was released in Japan on 8 July 2017.[7] In the English-language version of the film, which was concurrently released with a subtitled version in the United States on 19 January 2018, the film features the voices of Ruby Barnhill, Kate Winslet and Jim Broadbent.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Voice cast
3 Music
4 Release
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical response
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
A fire burns as workers struggle to control it. A red-haired girl slips away with a satchel slung on her wrist, but is quickly seen and followed. A group of workers transforms into watery, bird-like creatures, who pursue the girl in the air as she escapes via a flying broomstick.
However, a large, bright-blue explosion envelops the creatures, and the girl falls off the broomstick, her satchel opening upon impact. The small seeds inside drop to the forest floor, causing trees to rapidly grow, and young birds to mature to adulthood and fly away. The broomstick is also quickly swallowed up by the growing foliage.
- Young Mary Smith moves into the British estate of her Great Aunt Charlotte ahead of her parents. The bored, friendless girl tries to make herself useful through chores, but she repeatedly creates messes in the process. A local boy named Peter teases her for both her clumsiness and her wild red hair, which she hates.
Tib and Gib, Peter's cats, lead Mary to some mysterious glowing flowers. Zebedee, the estate gardener, identifies the flowers as "fly-by-night"; legend has it that witches covet the flower for its magical power. The next day, Gib disappears and Mary follows Tib to go look for her. Tib leads her to a broomstick ensnared in a tree's roots. Mary frees the broomstick, but accidentally bursts a fly-by-night bulb on it. The bulb releases magical power in the form of a blue gelatinous substance, making the broomstick come to life and enabling Mary to ride it like a witch. The Little Broomstick whisks Mary and Tib away to a complex of buildings hidden in the clouds. Flanagan, a fox creature who looks after student's broomsticks, scolds her for crash-landing her broomstick and tells her she's at the Endor College for witches.
The headmistress Madame Mumblechook assumes Mary is a new pupil with Tib as her familiar, and takes her on a tour of the college. The tour reveals a campus with modern technology and conveniences, wherein witches take courses in the magic arts alongside fields of science such as chemistry. During the tour Madame introduces Mary to Doctor Dee, the College's renowned chemistry teacher. Mary finds herself able to perform advanced spells such as invisibility. Madame and Doctor Dee become convinced that Mary is a prodigy, because of her performance as well as her red hair, which turns out be a distinguishing feature among the best witches.
At Madame's office, Mary finds a spell book hidden behind a picture of fly-by-night. Mary admits that her magical ability comes from fly-by-night, and that Tib actually belongs to Peter. Madame's attitude to Mary suddenly changes, but she still lets Mary return home. The magic granted to Mary by the flower ends as the sun sets and Mary barely makes it home safely. That night, Madame sends a message to Mary informing her that she's kidnapped Peter, and demands that Mary turn the fly-by-night bulbs to her. She and Tib fly back to Endor with the bulbs and Mary leaves the Little Broomstick by the school entrance. Madame and Doctor Dee imprison her and steal the bulbs, locking her in Doctor Dee's transformation spell lab. Mary finds Peter locked in the lab with her, and discovers Doctor Dee has been experimenting on animals transforming them into fantastic creatures, including Gib. In the spell book, Mary finds a spell that can undo all magic, and uses it to undo all the transformations and unlock the lab. As they try to escape, they find themselves cornered on a balcony, only for Flanagan to return the Little Broomstick, scolding Mary for leaving it lying around anywhere. They then try to escape, but Madame and Doctor Dee recapture Peter.
The Little Broomstick takes Mary to an isolated cottage. Within the cottage, Mary finds notes on transformation spells and a mirror that Great Aunt Charlotte uses to contact her. Charlotte reveals that the cottage was her previous home, and she used to be a red haired pupil that excelled at Endor (the one from the introduction). But one day Charlotte found fly-by-night on the campus, leading Madame and Doctor Dee to obsessively pursue a project to use the flower to transform all humans into witches. When one of their experiments disastrously failed, Charlotte decided to escape Endor, taking the flower with her. Charlotte begs Mary to use her last bulbs to return home, but Mary vows to rescue Peter instead.
As Mary attempts to return to Endor, Madame gives chase, demanding the spell book back. An aerial chase ensues, in which the book is stolen and Mary falls onto the island where the lab is. The Little Broomstick breaks and the magic of the flower runs out. Mary makes her way across the island where the lab is and finds Madame and Doctor Dee are trying to use the flower to transform Peter into a witch. The experiment fails again, leaving Peter trapped within a gelatinous monster that rampages across the lab, draining the magic of all in its path. Mary gets the spell book from Madame after she is drained and tries to break the enchantments on a canister to reach the last fly-by-night bulb. If she can regain her magic she can undo the spell binding Peter. She fails to reach it but realizes Peter can use magic now, and takes Peter's hand from within the monster and gives him the book with the spell to undo magic, allowing him to activate it. It undos the failed experiment as well as all of Madame and Doctor Dee's research relating to it. The lab is destroyed.
Mary awakens in the ruins of the lab, which has been completely grown over. Flanagan returns her broomstick to her, having repaired it, and scolds her for leaving her broomstick lying wherever she wants. The two take the Broomstick back home, but while flying, Peter sees a Witch's Flower bulb in her hair. She throws it away, stating she doesn't need magic anymore. The last bulb of the flower explodes in midair, no longer needed, presumably ending the Witch's Flower.
In the credits, Mary is shown to be back home, on her way to school with Peter. The Little Broomstick is shown leaning against the wall at the manor, home.
Voice cast[edit]
Character
Japanese Voice actor
English Voice actor[8]
Mary Hana Sugisaki Ruby Barnhill
Peter Ryunosuke Kamiki Louis Ashbourne Serkis
Madame Mumblechook Yūki Amami Kate Winslet
Doctor Dee Fumiyo Kohinata Jim Broadbent
Red-haired Girl Hikari Mitsushima Teresa Gallagher
Flanagan Jiro Sato Ewen Bremner
Zebedee Kenichi Endō Rasmus Hardiker
Banks Eriko Watanabe Morwenna Banks
Charlotte Shinobu Otake Lynda Baron
Music[edit]
Composer Muramatsu Takatsugu, who also scored Yonebayashi's last film When Marnie Was There, is in charge of the soundtrack for Mary and the Witch's Flower. Joshua Messick, one of the world's leading performers of the hammered dulcimer, participated in the score recording.[9][10]
Release[edit]
Mary and the Witch's Flower was released theatrically in Japan on July 8, 2017 by distributor Toho, airing on 458 screens across Japan.[11] Altitude Film Sales announced at the Berlin International Film Festival that it had acquired the worldwide rights to the film, and would release the film within the UK.[12] Madman Entertainment announced that it had secured the rights to the film within Australia and New Zealand,[13] and would premiere the film theatrically at Madman Anime Festival in Melbourne on November 5, 2017.[14] GKIDS later announced that it would distribute the film within North America, with a one-week Oscar qualifying run on December 1, 2017,[15] a limited opening on January 18, 2018, and a wider release on January 19, 2018.[16][17] Altitude (the UK distributor) confirmed in early March 2018 that the film will have a special holding at selected Vue Cinemas on April 10, 2018 before it's official UK wide release on May 4, 2018.
The English dub of Mary and the Witch's Flower (starring Ruby Barnhill, Kate Winslet, Jim Broadbent) was directed by Hiromasa Yonebayashi and produced by Geoffrey Wexler. The English dub was recorded in September 2017 in London, and had its premiere in Los Angeles on October 23, 2017.
The movie was released on DVD, Blu-ray, Digital HD and 4K Ultra HD by Walt Disney Japan on March 20, 2018.[18] The film will be released on DVD and Blu-ray in North America by GKIDS' main home media distributor Universal Pictures Home Entertainment on May 1, 2018. Altitude Film Distribution will handle the British home media rights themselves.
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Mary and the Witch's Flower grossed $1.5 million in the United States and Canada, and $30.8 million in other territories (including $27.6 million in Japan), for a worldwide total of $32.3 million.[3]
In Japan, the film opened at second place, grossing ¥428 million ($3.9 million) during its opening weekend; this was an increase compared to Yonebayashi's previous film, When Marnie Was There (2014), which had grossed ¥378.86 million in its first weekend.[19]
In the United States, the film held a special Thursday night preview on January 18, 2018 where it grossed $1.2 million from 573 theaters. It then stayed at 161 theaters over the weekend and grossed $329,097, bringing its four-day gross to $1.5 million.[20]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 85% based on 53 reviews, and an average rating of 6.8/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Mary and the Witch's Flower honors its creator's Studio Ghibli roots with a gentle, beautifully animated story whose simplicity is rounded out by its entrancing visuals."[21] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 73 out of 100, based on 19 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[22]
Shelia O'Malley of rogerebert.com gave the film a 3/4 star rating and stated that "the total lack of inner conflict in Mary might be why Mary and the Witch's Flower-as transportive and entertaining as it is-feels a little slight".[23] However, Moira Macdonald of The Seattle Times noted that although the film "isn't quite a masterpiece" and "the screenplay needs a polish", she concluded that the film is "a joy to look at: a visual adventure, and a continuation of a remarkable legacy".[24]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "『メアリと魔女の花』公式サイト". Archived from the original on 1 March 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "MARY AND THE WITCH'S FLOWER". British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved 6 April 2018
^ Jump up to: a b "Meari to majo no hana (2017)". The Numbers. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "長編 - 作品カテゴリー - STUDIO PONOC（スタジオポノック)". Studio Ponoc. 15 December 2016. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Former Ghibli director unveils new animated film, Mary and the Witch's Flower". Polygon. 16 December 2016. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mary and The Witch's Flower Teaser Trailer (Official)". YouTube. 14 December 2016. Archived from the original on 4 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Yonebayashi, Hiromasa (2017-07-08), Mary and the Witch's Flower, Hana Sugisaki, Ryûnosuke Kamiki, Yûki Amami, retrieved 2018-02-22
Jump up ^ "Mary and the Witch's Flower English Cast Announced". Madman Entertainment. Retrieved 2017-10-15.
Jump up ^ "Mary and the Witch's Flower Original Soundtrack". yesasia.com.
Jump up ^ "Hammered Dulcimer on 'Mary and The Witch's Flower' Soundtrack". Joshua Messick.
Jump up ^ "Mary & the Witch's Flower Anime Film Earns 428 Million Yen to Open at #2". Anime News Network. July 10, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Altitude Film Sales Acquires Worldwide Rights to Mary and the Witch's Flower Anime Film". Anime News Network. February 2, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ip, Sly (February 3, 2017). "Madman Entertainment to release 'Mary and The Witch's Flower'". Madman Entertainment. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Browne, Tessa (August 22, 2017). "Mary and the Witch's Flower to have Australian premiere at Madman Anime Festival Melbourne!". Madman Entertainment. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://www.rafu.com/2017/12/mary-and-the-witchs-flower-opens-at-music-hall/
Jump up ^ "GKIDS Licenses Mary and the Witch's Flower Film". Anime News Network. August 1, 2017. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ramos, Dino-Ray (October 18, 2017). "'Mary And The Witch's Flower' Sets Special One-Night Event For Nationwide Premiere". Deadline. Retrieved October 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "『メアリと魔女の花』ブルーレイ/DVD、2018/3/20(火)発売！コレクターズ・エディション:4K Ultra HD＋ブルーレイ（数量限定）同時発売！3/7(水)先行デジタル配信開始！". Walt Disney Japan. January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Mary & the Witch's Flower Anime Film Earns 428 Million Yen to Open at #2".
Jump up ^ Brooks, Brian (January 21, 2018). "'Darkest Hour' Tops $41M, 'The Shape of Water' Crosses $30M, 'Call Me By Your Name' Expands – Specialty Box Office". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Mary and the Witch's Flower (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Mary and the Witch's Flower reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ O'Malley, Shelia (19 January 2018). "Mary and the Witch's Flower". rogerebert.com. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Macdonald, Moira (18 January 2018). "'Mary and the Witch's Flower' tells gentle tale of girl at school for witches". The Seattle Times. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website (in Japanese)
Official website (in English)
Mary and the Witch's Flower on IMDb
Mary and the Witch's Flower at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
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