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Chemical Weapons Convention
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Chemical Weapons Convention
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction
Participation in the Chemical Weapons Convention
Signed and ratified
Acceded
Signed but not ratified
Non-signatory
Drafted
3 September 1992[1]
Signed
13 January 1993[1]
Location
Paris and New York[1]
Effective
29 April 1997[1]
Condition
Ratification by 65 states[2]
Signatories
165[1]
Parties
192[1] (List of state parties)
Four UN states are not party: Egypt, Israel, North Korea and South Sudan.
Depositary
UN Secretary-General[3]
Languages
Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish[4]
The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an arms control treaty that outlaws the production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons and their precursors. The full name of the treaty is the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction and it is administered by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), an intergovernmental organization based in The Hague, Netherlands. The treaty entered into force in 1997. The Chemical Weapons Convention comprehensively prohibits the use, development, production, stockpiling and transfer of chemical weapons. Any chemical used for warfare is considered a chemical weapon by the Convention. The parties' main obligation under the convention is to effect this prohibition, as well as the destruction of all current chemical weapons. The destruction activities are verified by the OPCW.
As of April 2016, 192 states have given their consent to be bound by the CWC. Israel has signed but not ratified the agreement, while three other UN member states (Egypt, North Korea and South Sudan) have neither signed nor acceded to the treaty.[1][5] Neither has the State of Palestine,[6] which since becoming a UN observer state in 2012 is eligible to accede to UN deposited treaties.[7] Most recently, Angola deposited its instrument of accession to the CWC on 16 September 2015.[8] In September 2013 Syria acceded to the convention as part of an agreement for the Destruction of Syria's chemical weapons.[9][10]
As of October 2016, about 93% of the world's declared stockpile of chemical weapons had been destroyed.[11] The convention has provisions for systematic evaluation of chemical production facilities, as well as for investigations of allegations of use and production of chemical weapons based on intelligence of other state parties.
Some chemicals which have been used extensively in warfare but have numerous large-scale industrial uses such as phosgene are highly regulated, however certain notable exceptions exist. Chlorine gas is highly toxic, but being a pure element and extremely widely used for peaceful purposes, is not officially listed as a chemical weapon. Certain state-powers (e.g. the Assad regime of Syria) continue to regularly manufacture and implement such chemicals in combat munitions.[12] Although these chemicals are not specifically listed as controlled by the CWC, the use of any toxic chemical as a weapon (when used to produce fatalities solely or mainly through its toxic action) is in-and-of itself forbidden by the treaty. Other chemicals, such as white phosphorus, are highly toxic but are legal under the CWC when they are used by military forces for reasons other than their toxicity.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
3 Key points of the Convention
3.1 Controlled substances
4 Member states
4.1 Key organizations of member states
5 World stockpile of chemical weapons
5.1 Timeline of destruction
5.2 Progress of destruction
5.2.1 Iraqi stockpile
5.2.2 Syrian destruction
5.2.3 Financial support for destruction
5.3 Known production facilities (of chemical weapons)
6 See also
6.1 Related international law
6.2 Worldwide treaties for other types of arms
6.3 Chemical weapons
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
Intergovernmental consideration of a chemical and biological weapons ban was initiated in 1968 within the 18-nation Disarmament Committee, which, after numerous changes of name and composition, became the Conference on Disarmament (CD) in 1984.[13] On 3 September 1992 the Conference on Disarmament submitted to the U.N. General Assembly its annual report, which contained the text of the Chemical Weapons Convention. The General Assembly approved the Convention on 30 November 1992, and the U.N. Secretary-General then opened the Convention for signature in Paris on 13 January 1993. The CWC remained open for signature until its entry into force on 29 April 1997, 180 days after the deposit of the 65th instrument of ratification (by Hungary). The convention augments the Geneva Protocol of 1925 for chemical weapons and includes extensive verification measures such as on-site inspections. It does not, however, cover biological weapons.
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)[edit]
Headquarters in The Hague
Main article: Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons
The convention is administered by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), which acts as the legal platform for specification of the CWC provisions.[14] The Conference of the States Parties is mandated to change the CWC and pass regulations on implementation of CWC requirements. The Technical Secretariat of the organization conducts inspections to ensure compliance of member states. These inspections target destruction facilities (where permanent monitoring takes place during destruction), chemical weapons production facilities which have been dismantled or converted for civil use, as well as inspections of the chemical industry. The Secretariat may furthermore conduct "investigations of alleged use" of chemical weapons and give assistance after use of chemical weapons.
The 2013 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the organization because it had, with the Chemical Weapons Convention, "defined the use of chemical weapons as a taboo under international law" according to Thorbjørn Jagland, Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee.[15][16]
Key points of the Convention[edit]
Prohibition of production and use of chemical weapons
Destruction (or monitored conversion to other functions) of chemical weapons production facilities
Destruction of all chemical weapons (including chemical weapons abandoned outside the state parties territory)
Assistance between State Parties and the OPCW in the case of use of chemical weapons
An OPCW inspection regime for the production of chemicals which might be converted to chemical weapons
International cooperation in the peaceful use of chemistry in relevant areas
Controlled substances[edit]
The convention distinguishes three classes of controlled substance,[17] chemicals that can either be used as weapons themselves or used in the manufacture of weapons. The classification is based on the quantities of the substance produced commercially for legitimate purposes. Each class is split into Part A, which are chemicals that can be used directly as weapons, and Part B, which are chemicals useful in the manufacture of chemical weapons. Separate from the precursors, the convention defines toxic chemicals as "[a]ny chemical which through its chemical action on life processes can cause death, temporary incapacitation or permanent harm to humans or animals. This includes all such chemicals, regardless of their origin or of their method of production, and regardless of whether they are produced in facilities, in munitions or elsewhere."[18]
Schedule 1 chemicals have few, or no uses outside chemical weapons. These may be produced or used for research, medical, pharmaceutical or chemical weapon defence testing purposes but production above 100 grams per year must be declared to the OPCW. A country is limited to possessing a maximum of 1 tonne of these materials. Examples are sulfur mustard and nerve agents, and substances which are solely used as precursor chemicals in their manufacture. A few of these chemicals have very small scale non-military applications, for example milligram quantities of nitrogen mustard are used to treat certain cancers.
Schedule 2 chemicals have legitimate small-scale applications. Manufacture must be declared and there are restrictions on export to countries that are not CWC signatories. An example is thiodiglycol which can be used in the manufacture of mustard agents, but is also used as a solvent in inks.
Schedule 3 chemicals have large-scale uses apart from chemical weapons. Plants which manufacture more than 30 tonnes per year must be declared and can be inspected, and there are restrictions on export to countries which are not CWC signatories. Examples of these substances are phosgene (the most lethal chemical weapon employed in WWI),[19] which has been used as a chemical weapon but which is also a precursor in the manufacture of many legitimate organic compounds (e.g. pharmaceutical agents and many common pesticides), and triethanolamine, used in the manufacture of nitrogen mustard but also commonly used in toiletries and detergents.
The treaty also deals with carbon compounds called in the treaty "discrete organic chemicals", the majority of which exhibit moderate-high direct toxicity or can be readily converted into compounds with toxicity sufficient for practical use as a chemical weapon.[20] These are any carbon compounds apart from long chain polymers, oxides, sulfides and metal carbonates, such as organophosphates. The OPCW must be informed of, and can inspect, any plant producing (or expecting to produce) more than 200 tonnes per year, or 30 tonnes if the chemical contains phosphorus, sulfur or fluorine, unless the plant solely produces explosives or hydrocarbons.
Member states[edit]
Main article: List of parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention
165 states signed the CWC prior to its entry into force in 1997, allowing them to ratify the agreement after obtaining domestic approval.[1] Following the treaty's entry into force, it was closed for signature and the only method for non-signatory states to become a party was through accession. As of April 2016, 192 states, representing over 98 percent of the world's population, are party to the CWC.[1] Of the four United Nations member states that are not parties to the treaty, Israel has signed but not ratified the treaty, while Egypt, North Korea, and South Sudan have neither signed nor acceded to the Convention. Neither has the State of Palestine, which since becoming a UN observer state in 2012 is eligible to accede to the Convention.[21] Taiwan, though not a Member State, has stated that it complies with the treaty.[22]
Key organizations of member states[edit]
Member states are represented at the OPCW by their Permanent Representative. This function is generally combined with the function of Ambassador. For the preparation of OPCW inspections and preparation of declarations, member states have to constitute a National Authority.
World stockpile of chemical weapons[edit]
Weapons of mass destruction
By type
Biological
Chemical
Nuclear
Radiological
By country
Albania
Algeria
Argentina
Australia
Brazil
Bulgaria
Canada
China
Egypt
France
Germany
India
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Italy
Japan
Libya
Mexico
Myanmar
Netherlands
North Korea
Pakistan
Philippines
Poland
Romania
Russia
Saudi Arabia
South Africa
South Korea
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
Taiwan
Ukraine
United Kingdom
United States
Proliferation
Chemical
Nuclear
Missiles
Treaties
List of treaties
Book
Category
v
t
e
A total of 72,524 metric tonnes of chemical agent, 8.67 million chemical munitions and containers, and 97 production facilities have been declared to OPCW.[11]
Timeline of destruction[edit]
The treaty set up several steps with deadlines toward complete destruction of chemical weapons, with a procedure for requesting deadline extensions. No country reached total elimination by the original treaty date although several have finished under allowed extensions[23].
Reduction Phases
Phase
% Reduction
Deadline
Notes
I 1% April 2000
II 20% April 2002 Complete destruction of empty munitions, precursor chemicals,
filling equipment and weapons systems
III 45% April 2004
IV 100% April 2007 No extensions permitted past April 2012
Progress of destruction[edit]
As of October 2016, 67,098 of 72,524 (93%) metric tonnes of chemical agent have been verifiably destroyed. More than 57% (4.97 million) of chemical munitions and containers have been destroyed.[11]
Five State Parties, namely Albania, an unspecified state party (widely believed to be South Korea), India, Libya and Syria have completed the destruction of their declared stockpiles. Russia and the United States, which declared the largest amounts of chemical weapons, are in the process of destruction.[24] The deadline set for both countries of April 2012, however, was not met. The destruction of Libya's Category 1 chemical weapons was completed in 2014; destruction of its chemical weapon precursors is scheduled to finish in 2016.[25] Iraq has yet to start destruction. Japan and China started in October 2010 the destruction of World War II era chemical weapons abandoned by Japan in China by means of mobile destruction units and reported destruction of 35,203 chemical weapons (75% of the Nanjing stockpile).[24][26]
Country
Date of Accession/
Entry into force
Declared Stockpile
(Schedule 1) (tonnes)
% OPCW (verified destroyed)
(Date of Full destruction)
Destruction
deadline
Albania
29 April 1997 17[27] 100% (July 2007)[27] n.a.
South Korea
29 April 1997 3,000–3,500[28] 100% (July 2008)[28] n.a.
India
29 April 1997 1,044[29] 100% (March 2009)[30] n.a.
Libya
5 February 2004 25[31] 100% (January 2014)[31] n.a.
Syria (government held)
14 October 2013[32] 1,040[33] 100% (August 2014)[33] n.a.
Russia
5 December 1997 40,000[34] 100% (September 2017)[35] n.a.
United States
29 April 1997 33,600[36] 90%[36] 29 April 2012 (intends by 2023)[37]
Iraq
12 February 2009 remnant munitions[38] not started[38] -
Japan (in China)
29 April 1997 - ongoing 2022 (commitment)[39]
Iraqi stockpile[edit]
See also: Iraqi chemical weapons program
The U.N. Security Council ordered the dismantling of Iraq's chemical weapon stockpile in 1991. By 1998, UNSCOM inspectors had accounted for the destruction of 88,000 filled and unfilled chemical munitions, over 690 metric tons of weaponized and bulk chemical agents, approximately 4,000 tonnes of precursor chemicals, and 980 pieces of key production equipment.[40] The UNSCOM inspectors left in 1998.
In 2009, before Iraq joined the CWC, the OPCW reported that the United States military had destroyed almost 5,000 old chemical weapons in open-air detonations since 2004.[41] These weapons, produced before the 1991 Gulf War, contained sarin and mustard agents but were so badly corroded that they could not have been used as originally intended.[42]
When Iraq joined the CWC in 2009, it declared "two bunkers with filled and unfilled chemical weapons munitions, some precursors, as well as five former chemical weapons production facilities" according to OPCW Director General Rogelio Pfirter.[30] The bunker entrances were sealed with 1.5 meters of reinforced concrete in 1994 under UNSCOM supervision.[43] As of 2012, the plan to destroy the chemical weapons was still being developed, in the face of significant difficulties.[38][43] In 2014, ISIS took control of the site.[44]
Syrian destruction[edit]
Main article: Destruction of Syria's chemical weapons
Following the August 2013 Ghouta chemical attack,[45] Syria, which had long been suspected of possessing chemical weapons, acknowledged them in September 2013 and agreed to put them under international supervision.[46] On 14 September Syria deposited its instrument of accession to the CWC with the United Nations as the depositary and agreed to its provisional application pending entry into force effective 14 October.[47][48] An accelerated destruction schedule was devised by Russia and the United States on 14 September,[49] and was endorsed by United Nations Security Council Resolution 2118[50] and the OPCW Executive Council Decision EC-M-33/DEC.1.[51] Their deadline for destruction was the first half of 2014.[51] Syria gave the OPCW an inventory of its chemical weapons arsenal[52] and started its destruction in October 2013, 2 weeks before its formal entry into force, while applying the convention provisionally.[53][54] All declared Category 1 materials were destroyed by August 2014.[33] However, the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack in April 2017 revealed that undeclared stockpiles likely remained in the country.
Financial support for destruction[edit]
Financial support for the Albanian and Libyan stockpile destruction programmes was provided by the United States. Russia received support from a number of countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy and Canada; with some $2 billion given by 2004. Costs for Albania's program were approximately US$48 million. The United States has spent $20 billion and expected to spend a further $40 billion.[55]
Known production facilities (of chemical weapons)[edit]
Fourteen States Parties have declared chemical weapons production facilities:[11]
Bosnia and Herzegovina
China
France
India
Iran
Iraq
Japan
Libya
Russia
Serbia
Syria
United Kingdom
United States
1 non-disclosed state party (referred to as "A State Party" in OPCW-communications; said to be South Korea)[56]
As of May 2015, all 97 declared production facilities had been inactivated and 93% (90) have been certified as destroyed or converted to civilian use.[11]
See also[edit]
Related international law[edit]
Australia Group of countries and the European Commission that helps member nations identify exports which need to be controlled so as not to contribute to the spread of chemical and biological weapons
1990 US-Soviet Arms Control Agreement
General-purpose criterion, a concept in international law that broadly governs international agreements with respect to chemical weapons
Geneva Protocol, a treaty prohibiting the first use of chemical and biological weapons
Worldwide treaties for other types of arms[edit]
Biological Weapons Convention
Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW)
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
Chemical weapons[edit]
Chemical warfare
Weapons of mass destruction
Tear gas
References[edit]
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External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chemical Weapons Convention.
Chemical Weapons Convention Website, United States
Chemical Weapons Convention Website, Singapore
Chemical Weapons Convention: Full Text
Chemical Weapons Convention: Ratifying Countries
Annex on Chemicals, describing the schedules and the substances on them, OPCW website
The Chemical Weapons Convention at a Glance, Arms Control Association
Chemical Warfare Chemicals and Precursors, Chemlink Pty Ltd, Australia
Introductory note by Michael Bothe, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law
Lecture by Santiago Oñate Laborde entitled The Chemical Weapons Convention: an Overview in the Lecture Series of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law
Weapons of mass destruction portal
United Nations portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chemical_Weapons_Convention&oldid=813833820"
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Don't You (Forget About Me)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"Don't You (Forget About Me)"
Standard international artwork
Single by Simple Minds
from the album The Breakfast Club (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
B-side
"A Brass Band in African Chimes"
Released
February 20, 1985 (US)
April 8, 1985 (UK)
Format
12"
7"
Recorded
July 10, 1984
Genre
New wave, synthpop, pop rock
Length
4:20
6:32 (extended version)
Label
Virgin
A&M (US)
Songwriter(s)
Keith Forsey
Steve Schiff
Simple Minds singles chronology
"Up on the Catwalk"
(1984) "Don't You (Forget About Me)"
(1985) "Alive and Kicking"
(1985)
Audio sample
file
help
Music video
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" on YouTube
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" is a 1985 pop song performed by Scottish rock band Simple Minds. It was written and composed by producer Keith Forsey and Steve Schiff, a guitarist and songwriter from the Nina Hagen band. The song is best known for being played during the opening (Forsey's demo) and closing (Simple Minds' recording) credits of the John Hughes film The Breakfast Club.
Contents
1 Recording history
2 Music video
3 Track listing
3.1 7": Virgin / VS749 (UK)
3.2 7": A&M Records / AM-2703 (US)
3.3 12": Virgin / VS749-12 (UK)
3.4 12": A&M Records / SP-12125 (US)
3.5 1988 3" CD: Virgin / CDT2 (UK)
3.6 1988 CD: A&M Records / 75021 2375 2 (US)
3.7 1990 CD: Virgin / THEME10 (UK)
4 Charts and certifications
4.1 Weekly charts
4.2 Year-end charts
4.3 Certifications
5 Personnel
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Recording history[edit]
Forsey asked Cy Curnin from The Fixx, Bryan Ferry and Billy Idol to record the song, but all three declined; Idol did later perform a cover of it on his 2001 compilation album Greatest Hits. Schiff then suggested Forsey ask Simple Minds who, after refusing as well, agreed under the encouragement of their label, A&M. According to frontman Jim Kerr, the band was reluctant to record the song as they felt they should only record their own material, relenting after persuasion from Kerr's wife at the time, Chrissie Hynde of The Pretenders, and a phone call from Forsey in which he expressed his admiration for the band.[1] According to one account, the band "rearranged and recorded 'Don't You (Forget About Me)' in three hours in a north London studio and promptly forgot about it."[2]
Continuing the rock direction recently taken on Sparkle in the Rain but also glancing back at their melodic synthpop past, it caught the band at their commercial peak and, propelled by the success of The Breakfast Club, became a #1 hit in the U.S.[3] and around the world. It is also the band's only #1 hit on the U.S. Top Rock Tracks chart, staying atop for three weeks. While only reaching #7 in the UK, it stayed on the charts from 1985 to 1987, one of the longest time spans for any single in the history of the chart.
The song did not appear on the band's subsequent album Once Upon a Time, but it did appear on the 1992 best-of Glittering Prize 81/92. It soon became a fixture of the band's live sets - with an extended audience participation section during its inclusion on the 2015 tour to promote the band's Big Music album.[4]
Two versions were created for release. A short version, 4:23 in duration, appeared on the single and the original motion picture soundtrack album of The Breakfast Club. A longer version, 6:32 in duration, was released as a 12" single. This version contains longer breakdowns and drum fills, a second appearance of the bridge and a longer ending.
John Leland from Spin wrote that "'Don't You Forget About Me,' a romantic and melancholy dance track, therefore cuts ice both in the living room and on the dance floor."[5]
Music video[edit]
The music video, directed by Daniel Kleinman, takes place on a dancing floor in a dark room with a chandelier, a rocking horse, a jukebox, and television sets displaying scenes from The Breakfast Club. The room gets increasingly cluttered with random objects as the video progresses, up until the last minute. The video on YouTube had been viewed over 102 million times as of May 24, 2018.[6]
Track listing[edit]
7": Virgin / VS749 (UK)[edit]
Side one
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" - 4:20
Side two
"A Brass Band in Africa" - 5:10
7": A&M Records / AM-2703 (US)[edit]
Side one
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" - 4:20
Side two
"A Brass Band in Africa" - 5:10
12": Virgin / VS749-12 (UK)[edit]
Side one
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" - 6:32
Side two
"A Brass Band in African Chimes" - 9:22
12": A&M Records / SP-12125 (US)[edit]
Side one
"Don't You (Forget About Me) (long version)" - 6:32
Side two
"A Brass Band in African Chimes" - 9:22
1988 3" CD: Virgin / CDT2 (UK)[edit]
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" - 6:32
"A Brass Band in African Chimes" - 9:22
1988 CD: A&M Records / 75021 2375 2 (US)[edit]
"Don't You (Forget About Me) (live)" - 9:02
"Bass Line" - 4:37
"The American" - 3:33
1990 CD: Virgin / THEME10 (UK)[edit]
"Don't You (Forget About Me)" - 6:35
"Up On The Catwalk (extended version)" - 7:36
"A Brass Band in African Chimes" - 9:24
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1985)
Peak
Position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[7] 6
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[8] 5
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[9] 2
Belgium (VRT Top 30 Flanders)[10] 2
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[11] 1
Canada (CHUM)[12] 2
France (SNEP)[13] 24
Germany (Official German Charts)[14] 4
Ireland (IRMA)[15] 3
Italy (FIMI)[16] 2
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[17] 1
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[18] 2
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[19] 3
South Africa (Springbok Radio)[20] 10
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[21] 13
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[22] 8
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[23] 7
US Billboard Hot 100[3] 1
US Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[24] 9
US Mainstream Rock (Billboard)[25] 1
US Cash Box Top 100[26] 1
Chart (1988)
Peak
Position
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[27] 100
Chart (2004)
Peak
Position
Italy (FIMI)[28] 16
Chart (2012)
Peak
Position
US Rock Digital Songs (Billboard)[29] 41
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1985)
Position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[30] 47
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[31] 28
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[32] 1
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[33] 21
Germany (Official German Charts)[34] 23
Italy (FIMI)[35] 6
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[36] 8
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[37] 11
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[38] 26
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[39] 26
US Billboard Hot 100[40] 16
US Dance Club Songs (Billboard)[41] 33
US Mainstream Rock (Billboard)[42] 10
US Cash Box Top 100[43] 12
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Canada (Music Canada)[44]
Gold 5,000^
Canada (Music Canada)[44]
Platinum 10,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[45]
Gold 500,000^
^shipments figures based on certification alone
Personnel[edit]
Jim Kerr – lead vocals
Charlie Burchill – guitar, keyboards
Mick MacNeil – composer, keyboards
Derek Forbes – bass guitar
Kenny Hyslop – drums
Mike Ogletree – drums
John Giblin – bass guitar
Mel Gaynor – drums, percussion
See also[edit]
List of number-one singles of 1985 (Canada)
List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of the 1980s
List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1985
List of Billboard Mainstream Rock number-one songs of the 1980s
List of Dutch Top 40 number-one singles of 1985
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Simpson, Dave (15 November 2016). "Simple Minds: how we made Don't You (Forget About Me)". theguardian.com. Retrieved 15 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "A History of Simple Minds". The Official Glasgow Barrowland & Barras Market Site. Retrieved 15 September 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Simple Minds Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Simpson, Dave (April 2015). "The Guardian". The Guardian (2). Retrieved 11 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Leland, John (June 1985). "Singles". Spin. 1 (2): 37. Retrieved 15 September 2011.
Jump up ^ SimpleMindsVEVO (2010-12-03), Simple Minds - Don't You (Forget About Me), retrieved 2017-03-08
Jump up ^ bulion. "Forum - ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts - CHART POSITIONS PRE 1989". ARIA. Australian-charts.com. Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Radio 2 Top 30" (in Dutch). Top 30. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 0530." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "CHART NUMBER 1485 – Saturday, June 08, 1985". Archived from the original on 7 November 2006. Retrieved 2017-01-08. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link) . CHUM.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)" (in French). Les classement single. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – Don't You (Forget About Me)". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Hit Parade Italia". HitParadeItalia (in Italian). Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 22, 1985" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40 Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Charts.nz – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "South African Rock Lists Website SA Charts 1965 – 1989 Acts S". The South African Rock Encyclopedia. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)". Singles Top 100. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Simple Minds Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Simple Minds Chart History (Mainstream Rock)". Billboard. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "CASH BOX Top 100 Singles – Week ending MAY 18, 1985". Archived from the original on 1 October 2012. Retrieved 2017-01-08. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link) . Cash Box magazine.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Italiancharts.com – Simple Minds – Don't You (Forget About Me)". Top Digital Download. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Simple Minds - Chart History". Rock Digital Songs. for Simple Minds. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Forum – ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts – Top 100 End of Year AMR Charts - 1980s". Australian-charts.com. Hung Medien. Archived from the original on 28 August 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Jahreshitparade Singles 1985". Ö3 Austria Top 40 (in German). Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop Jaaroverzichten 1985". Ultratop 50 (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 10 June 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 0619." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts 1985". GfK Entertainment Charts (in German). Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Hit Parade Italia - I singoli più venduti del 1985". FIMI (in Italian). Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 100-Jaaroverzicht van 1985". Dutch Top 40 (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Dutch Charts Jaaroverzichten Single 1985". Single Top 100 (in Dutch). Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Official NZ Music Charts - End of Year Charts 1985". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "SWISS YEAR-END CHARTS 1985". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top Pop Singles" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 97 no. 52. New York, NY, USA. 28 December 1985. p. T-21. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top Dance Sales Singles" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 97 no. 52. New York, NY, USA. 28 December 1985. p. T-23. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top Rock Tracks" (PDF). Billboard. Vol. 97 no. 52. New York, NY, USA. 28 December 1985. p. T-30. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "The CASH BOX Year-End Charts: 1985". Archived from the original on 30 September 2012. Retrieved 2014-05-07. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link) . Cash Box magazine.
^ Jump up to: a b "Canadian single certifications – Simple Minds – Don't You Forget About Me". Music Canada. Retrieved 27 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Simple Minds – Don't You Forget About Me". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 27 November 2016. Select singles in the Format field. Select Gold in the Certification field. Enter Don't You Forget About Me in the search field and then press Enter.
External links[edit]
AllMusic: Keith Forsey
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Lostboy! AKA Jim Kerr
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"Laying Me Low"
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The Declaration Tour – 2009
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"Don't You (Forget About Me)"
"Dream Big"
"Jumpin' Jack Flash"
Related articles
American Idol (season 7)
Axium
"Kiss You Tonight"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%27t_You_(Forget_About_Me)&oldid=857126127"
Categories:
1985 singles
1985 songs
Simple Minds songs
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Billboard Mainstream Rock number-one singles
Dutch Top 40 number-one singles
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Songs written by Keith Forsey
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Singlechart usages for Dutch100
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Singlechart usages for Billboardhot100
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