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Piedmont Triad
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This article is about the north-central Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point region of North Carolina. For the Raleigh-Durham–Cary–Chapel Hill region of North Carolina, see Research Triangle.
The Piedmont Triad (or simply the Triad) is a north-central region of the U.S. state of North Carolina that consists of the area within and surrounding the three major cities of Greensboro, Winston-Salem, and High Point. This close group or "triad" of cities lies in the Piedmont geographical region of the United States and forms the basis of the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point CSA. As of 2012, the Piedmont Triad has an estimated population of 1,611,243 making it the 33rd largest CSA metropolitan area in the United States. [1] The area of the triad is approximately 5,954 square miles.[citation needed]
The metropolitan area is connected by Interstates 40, 85, 73, and 74 and is served by the Piedmont Triad International Airport. Long known as one of the primary manufacturing and transportation hubs of the southeastern United States, the Triad is also an important educational and cultural region and occupies a prominent place in the history of the American Civil Rights Movement.
The Triad is not to be confused with the "Triangle" region (Raleigh–Durham–Chapel Hill), directly to the east.
Contents
1 Counties
2 Municipalities
2.1 Primary cities
2.2 Secondary cities over 10,000 in population
2.3 Other municipalities under 10,000 in population
3 Education
3.1 K–12 Education
3.2 Educational institutions
3.3 Museums
4 Economy
4.1 Industry and manufacturing
4.2 Technology and biotechnology
4.3 Shopping
5 Transportation
5.1 Primary highways
5.2 Mass transportation
6 Government
7 Protected areas
8 Media
8.1 Newspapers
8.2 Television stations
9 See also
10 References
Counties[edit]
As part of a redefining of metropolitan areas, the old Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point Metropolitan Statistical Area was broken up in 2003 into five separate areas—three Metropolitan Statistical Areas and two Micropolitan Areas. In some ways, however, the region still functions as a single metropolitan area.
Location of the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point CSA and its components:
Greensboro–High Point Metropolitan Statistical Area
Winston-Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area
Burlington Metropolitan Statistical Area
Mount Airy Micropolitan Statistical Area
Alamance
Caswell †
Davidson
Davie
Forsyth
Guilford
Montgomery †
Randolph
Rockingham
Stokes
Surry
Yadkin
† Sometimes included as part of the region
Municipalities[edit]
Definitions of the Piedmont Triad:
Census statistical area
Additional included area according to Piedmont Triad Council of Governments and Piedmont Triad Partnership
The name in italics is the county in which the city is located.
Primary cities[edit]
Greensboro Guilford 269,666
Winston-Salem Forsyth 229,617
High Point Guilford, Forsyth, Davidson & Randolph 104,371
Secondary cities over 10,000 in population[edit]
Burlington Alamance & Guilford 49,963
Thomasville Davidson 26,757
Asheboro Randolph 25,012
Kernersville Forsyth & Guilford 23,123
Lexington Davidson 18,931
Clemmons Forsyth 18,627
Eden Rockingham 15,527
Reidsville Rockingham 14,520
Graham Alamance 14,153
Lewisville Forsyth 12,639
Archdale Randolph & Guilford 11,415
Mebane Alamance & Orange 11,393
Mount Airy Surry 10,388
Summerfield Guilford 10,232
Other municipalities under 10,000 in population[edit]
Alamance Alamance 951
Bermuda Run Davie 1,725
Bethania Forsyth 328
†Biscoe Montgomery 1,700
Boonville Yadkin 1,222
†Candor Montgomery 840
Cooleemee Davie 960
Danbury Stokes 189
Denton Davidson 1,636
Dobson Surry 1,586
East Bend Yadkin 612
Elkin Surry 4,001
Elon Alamance 9,419
Franklinville Randolph 1,164
Gibsonville Guilford & Alamance 6,410
Glen Raven Alamance 2,750
Green Level Alamance 2,100
Haw River Alamance 2,298
Jamestown Guilford 3,382
Jonesville Yadkin 2,285
King Stokes & Forsyth 6,904
Liberty Randolph 2,656
Madison Rockingham 2,246
Mayodan Rockingham 2,478
Midway Davidson 4,783
†Milton Caswell 166
Mocksville Davie 5,051
†Mount Gilead Montgomery 1,181
Oak Ridge Guilford 6,185
Ossipee Alamance 543
Pilot Mountain Surry 1,477
Pleasant Garden Guilford 4,489
Ramseur Randolph 1,692
Randleman Randolph 4,113
Rural Hall Forsyth 2,937
Saxapahaw Alamance 1,648
Seagrove Randolph 228
Sedalia Guilford 623
Staley Randolph 393
†Star Montgomery 876
Stokesdale Guilford 5,047
Stoneville Rockingham 1,056
Swepsonville Alamance 1,154
Tobaccoville Forsyth 2,441
Trinity Randolph 6,614
†Troy Montgomery 3,189
Wallburg Davidson 3,047
Walkertown Forsyth 4,675
Walnut Cove Stokes 1,425
Welcome Davidson 4,162
Wentworth Rockingham 2,807
Whitsett Guilford 590
Yadkinville Yadkin 2,959
†Yanceyville Caswell 2,039
† Indicates municipalities in Montgomery and Caswell (counties usually locally included as part of Piedmont Triad)
Education[edit]
K–12 Education[edit]
The area is served by the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Schools and Guilford County Schools. The area is home to a number of religious schools, as well as a number of independent schools including Summit School in Winston-Salem, Forsyth Country Day School in Lewisville, and Greensboro Day School and Greensboro Montessori School in Greensboro.
Educational institutions[edit]
More than twenty institutions of higher education are located within the Triad, including:
Alamance Community College
Bennett College
Bridges Christian College
Davidson County Community College
Elon University
Forsyth Technical Community College
Greensboro College
Guilford College
Guilford Technical Community College
High Point University
John Wesley College (North Carolina)
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
Piedmont International University
University of North Carolina School of the Arts
Randolph Community College
Rockingham Community College
Salem College
Surry Community College
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Wake Forest University
Winston-Salem State University
Three prominent boarding schools also call the Triad home: Salem Academy, Oak Ridge Military Academy, and the American Hebrew Academy.
Museums[edit]
Major art and historical museums contribute to the cultural climate of the region, including the Southeastern Center for Contemporary Art (SECCA), The Reynolda House Museum of American Art, Old Salem, High Point Historical Museum, Mendenhall Plantation, the Weatherspoon Museum of Modern Art (located on the campus of UNCG), Blandwood Mansion and Gardens, the Greensboro Historical Museum, Guilford Battleground National Military Park, and the Charlotte Hawkins Brown State Museum. The area also has its fair share of scientific museums, such as SciWorks, the International Civil Rights Center and Museum, the Wake Forest Museum of Anthropology, and the Greensboro Science Center. The North Carolina Zoo, the world's largest open-air natural habitat zoo, is located just outside the Randoph County city of Asheboro.
Economy[edit]
The economy in the Piedmont Triad is a mixed economy.
Industry and manufacturing[edit]
The Triad area is notable for large textile, tobacco, and furniture corporations. The Triad remains a national center for textile manufacturing, represented by corporations including Hanes based in Winston-Salem, and International Textile Group, based in Greensboro. Tobacco remains a prominent crop in the Triad's rural areas and many tobacco companies like Lorillard Tobacco Company of Greensboro, and Reynolds American, based in Winston-Salem, call the Piedmont Triad home. Numerous furniture manufacturers are also headquartered in the Triad area, especially in the cities of High Point (deemed the "Furniture Capital of the World"), Thomasville (known as the "Chair City"), and Lexington. The furniture and textile industries have in turn spawned large trucking, logistics, and warehousing businesses in the area. Popular brands like "Thomasville" and "Lexington" are derived from the names of these cities. Recently, however, many furniture and tobacco factories have been closing and/or laying off workers across the region in response to escalating industrial globalization.
Technology and biotechnology[edit]
After many of the old industries in the area began to die out, many Piedmont Triad cities began encouraging technological businesses to move into the Triad. Winston-Salem, for instance, founded within its downtown the Piedmont Triad Research Park, now known as Wake Forest Innovation Quarter, a highly interactive, 200-acre, master-planned innovation community developed to support life science and information technology research and development. Dell, Inc. in the early 2000s struck a deal with local officials allowing for the construction of a new computer assembly plant near the Triad city of Kernersville. Dell pulled out of its contract with the city, however, and left after only a few years. Additionally, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, the largest institution of higher learning in the region, and North Carolina A&T State University have joined forces to establish the Gateway University Research Park, a technology-based entity that will focus its efforts on a host of biological, life, and environmental science research projects. Upon full build out of the project, it is expected to be housed by two 75-acre (300,000 m2) campuses, employ approximately 2,000 people, and generate $50 million per year to the Triad economy. LabCorp, one of the largest clinical laboratories in the world, has its corporate headquarters and several of its testing facilities in Burlington.
Shopping[edit]
The following are the most prominent regional shopping centers/malls in the Piedmont Triad region:
Four Seasons Town Centre, Greensboro
Friendly Center, Greensboro
Hanes Mall, Winston-Salem
Alamance Crossing, Burlington
Burlington Outlet Village, Burlington
Holly Hill Mall, Burlington
Tanger Outlets, Mebane
Marketplace Mall, Winston-Salem
Randolph Mall, Asheboro
Transportation[edit]
Major roads and cities in the Piedmont Triad and two other nearby counties. The blue triangle represents the three points of the "Triad".
Primary highways[edit]
Further information: North Carolina Highway System
The triad is home to an extensive freeway network, which is in the process of undergoing a major expansion. Four major Interstate highways and numerous secondary Interstate routes and US routes serve the region:
Interstate highways
I-40, the primary east-west route across the region. In the eastern Triad, it is conjoined with I-85. The two routes split in Greensboro.
I-40 Business (Green-40), runs through Kernersville and Winston-Salem. It is a former alignment of I-40. The segment of I-40 running through Greensboro also briefly bore the designation "Business 40" following the opening of the Greensboro Western Urban Loop in February, 2008; it was re-designated as I-40 later that year for the state to continue receiving federal funding for it.
I-840 (Painter Boulevard), part of the Greensboro Urban Loop, currently under construction. When complete, I-840 will be the northern half of the loop.
I-73, the primary north-south route across the region, much of which has yet to be constructed. The route follows the current US 220, with the exception of a small segment that shares the southwestern portion of the Greensboro Outer Loop, and was briefly designated as I-40 between its opening in February, 2008. This portion was originally designated as I-40, with the current and original I-40 being re-designated as Business 40.
I-74, running across the region from southeast to northwest. Like I-73, much of the route has yet to be constructed, but several disjointed segments are currently open and signed as either I-74 or "FUTURE I-74". The route, when complete, will enter the region from the south conjoined with I-73, and will diverge from there north of Asheboro to follow the US 311 freeway through High Point. From there it leaves US 311 and forms the eastern segment of the Winston-Salem Beltway before joining US 52 and following it northwest out of the region.
I-274, currently only in the planning stages, is the proposed designation for the western half of the Winston-Salem Beltway.
I-85, connects the region to Charlotte and points southwest. Enters from the east conjoined with I-40, and splits from that route in Greensboro.
I-85 Business (Green-85), a former alignment of I-85, it exists in two segments. The older, southern segment consists of a former temporary alignment of I-85 that contains some non-freeway portions. The northern segment, which received its designation when a new I-85 was opened as part of the Greensboro Urban Loop, is entirely freeway.
I-285, connecting Winston-Salem to Lexington, the route is currently part of the US 52 freeway that is being upgraded to Interstate standards.
I-785, connecting Greensboro to Danville, Virginia, the route is under development. It is currently part of US 29, much of which is not Interstate standard.
US highways
US 29 runs roughly northeast to southwest across the region. Most of the route is either currently, or planned to be, co-signed with Interstate highways, including I-785 and I-85 Business.
US 52, nominally an east-west highway, runs primarily north-south through the region, serving as the main north-south freeway route through Winston-Salem. The entire freeway is planned for upgrade to Interstate standards. North of Winston-Salem the route is scheduled to become part I-74 (a small segment near Mount Airy is currently signed as I-74), while south of the city it is scheduled to become I-285.
US 64 is an east-west highway through the southern Triad, connecting Asheboro, Lexington, and Mocksville.
US 70 is an east-west highway that closely parallels I-85 through the entire region.
US 158 runs roughly northeast-southwest across the region, terminating in Mocksville near the intersection if US 64 and I-40.
US 220 is currently the primary north-south route through Greensboro; the entire route is scheduled to be upgraded to or bypassed by I-73.
US 311 is a nominally north-south route that follows a C-shaped path, running northeast-southwest between Eden and Winston-Salem, and northwest-southeast between Winston-Salem and Randleman. The southern segment is being upgraded as part of a future I-74.
US 421 enters the region from the southeast, and joins I-85 in Greensboro. It then takes I-85 South to I-73 North to western Greensboro. The route is then co-signed with either I-40 Business or I-40 through the region to the west. After leaving Greensboro, it continues through Winston-Salem, the rural area of Yakdinville, and continues into Wilkesboro.
Mass transportation[edit]
Piedmont Authority for Regional Transportation (PART) is the Triad's 10-county regional organization with the goal of enhancing all forms of transportation through regional cooperation. PART Express Bus provides express service to each major Triad city from Piedmont Triad International Airport, while Connections Express connects the Triad to Duke and UNC Medical Centers. PART also has Express Bus service to outlying counties that surround the Triad including Surry, Stokes, Davidson, Yadkin, and Randolph Counties and soon to be Davie County. PART is also administering and developing several rail service studies that include both commuter and intercity rail. (Additional information on PART can be found at PART's website.)
Government[edit]
The region is served by the Piedmont Triad Regional Council (PTRC). The PTRC was formed by the merger of the Northwest Piedmont Council of Governments and Piedmont Triad Council of Governments on July 1, 2011. The PTRC is a membership organization of the 12 counties and 62 municipalities in the Triad region. The website is "www.ptrc.org".
Protected areas[edit]
The Piedmont Triad has several protected areas, which lay entirely or partly in the region:
Blue Ridge Parkway, partly within Surry and Wilkes counties
Deep River State Trail, partly within Guilford and Randolph counties
Guilford Courthouse National Military Park, Guilford County
Hanging Rock State Park, Stokes County
Haw River State Park, Guilford and Rockingham counties
Mayo River State Park, Rockingham County
Mountains-to-Sea Trail, partly within Alamance, Forsyth, Guilford, Stokes, Surry, and Wilkes counties
Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail, partly within Surry and Wilkes counties
Pilot Mountain State Park, Surry and Yadkin counties
Uwharrie National Forest, Davidson, Montgomery and Randolph counties
Yadkin River State Trail, partly within Davidson, Davie, Forsyth, Surry, Wilkes, and Yadkin counties

Media[edit]
Newspapers[edit]
The following are prominent newspapers in the Piedmont Triad region and the counties each newspaper covers.
Greensboro News & Record, Guilford County
¨Hola Noticias¨, The Triad
Winston-Salem Journal, Forsyth County
Burlington Times-News, Alamance County
Mebane Enterprise, Alamance County
Courier-Tribune, Randolph County
Thomasville Times, Davidson County
The Dispatch, Davidson County
High Point Enterprise, High Point, Guilford County
Archdale-Trinity News, Randolph County
The Stokes News, Stokes County
The Reidsville Review, Rockingham County
The Tribune, Surry, Wilkes, and Yadkin counties
Mount Airy News, Surry County
YES! Weekly, Guilford County, Forsyth County
Triad City Beat, Guilford County, Forsyth County
Rhino Times, Guilford County
The Jamestown News, Guilford County
The Stokesdale News, Guilford County
Northwest Observer, Guilford County
Television stations[edit]
All of the Piedmont Triad region belongs to the Greensboro/Winston-Salem/High Point television designated market area (DMA). The following are stations that broadcast to this DMA. These stations are listed by call letters, virtual channel number, network and city of license.
WFMY-TV, 2, CBS, Greensboro
WGHP, 8, Fox, High Point
WXII, 12, NBC, Winston-Salem
Spectrum News, 14, Greensboro (Charter Communications)
WGPX, 16, Ion, Burlington
WCWG, 20, CW, Lexington
WUNL-TV, 26, PBS/UNC-TV, Winston-Salem
WLXI-TV, 43, TCT, Greensboro
WXLV-TV, 45, ABC, Winston-Salem
WGSR-LD, 47, Independent, Reidsville
WMYV, 48, My, Greensboro
See also[edit]
North Carolina portal
I-85 Corridor
Piedmont Atlantic
Piedmont Crescent
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Population Estimates 2012 Combined Statistical Areas: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on March 17, 2013. Retrieved 2013-03-14.
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Piedmont Triad
Location
North Carolina
Piedmont
Piedmont Crescent
I-85 Corridor
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Greensboro
Winston-Salem
High Point
Asheboro
Burlington
Clemmons
Eden
Graham
Kernersville
Lexington
Reidsville
Thomasville
Counties
Alamance
Davie
Davidson
Forsyth
Guilford
Randolph
Rockingham
Stokes
Surry
Yadkin
Newspapers
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Winston-Salem Journal
High Point Enterprise
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Higher education
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University of North Carolina School of the Arts
High Point University
Guilford College
University of North Carolina at Greensboro
Greensboro College
Bennett College
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University
Elon University
Protected areas
Blue Ridge Parkway
Deep River State Trail
Guilford Courthouse National Military Park
Hanging Rock State Park
Haw River State Park
Mayo River State Park
Mountains-to-Sea Trail
Overmountain Victory National Historic Trail
Pilot Mountain State Park
Rendezvous Mountain Educational State Forest
Stone Mountain State Park
Uwharrie National Forest
Yadkin River State Trail
Transportation
I-40
I-85
I-73
I-74
Bus I-40
Bus I-85
US 29
US 52
US 64
US 220
US 311
US 421
Piedmont Triad International Airport
Greensboro Urban Loop
Winston-Salem Beltway
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Smaller cities
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Ashe
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Camden
Carteret
Caswell
Catawba
Chatham
Cherokee
Chowan
Clay
Cleveland
Columbus
Craven
Cumberland
Currituck
Dare
Davidson
Davie
Duplin
Durham
Edgecombe
Forsyth
Franklin
Gaston
Gates
Graham
Granville
Greene
Guilford
Halifax
Harnett
Haywood
Henderson
Hertford
Hoke
Hyde
Iredell
Jackson
Johnston
Jones
Lee
Lenoir
Lincoln
Macon
Madison
Martin
McDowell
Mecklenburg
Mitchell
Montgomery
Moore
Nash
New Hanover
Northampton
Onslow
Orange
Pamlico
Pasquotank
Pender
Perquimans
Person
Pitt
Polk
Randolph
Richmond
Robeson
Rockingham
Rowan
Rutherford
Sampson
Scotland
Stanly
Stokes
Surry
Swain
Transylvania
Tyrrell
Union
Vance
Wake
Warren
Washington
Watauga
Wayne
Wilkes
Wilson
Yadkin
Yancey
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The 100 most populous metropolitan statistical areas of the United States of America
New York, NY
Los Angeles, CA
Chicago, IL
Dallas, TX
Houston, TX
Washington, DC
Philadelphia, PA
Miami, FL
Atlanta, GA
Boston, MA
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Detroit, MI
Seattle, WA
Minneapolis, MN
San Diego, CA
Tampa, FL
Denver, CO
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Charlotte, NC
San Juan, PR
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San Antonio, TX
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Pittsburgh, PA
Sacramento, CA
Cincinnati, OH
Las Vegas, NV
Kansas City, MO
Austin, TX
Columbus, OH
Cleveland, OH
Indianapolis, IN
San Jose, CA
Nashville, TN
Virginia Beach, VA
Providence, RI
Milwaukee, WI
Jacksonville, FL
Memphis, TN
Oklahoma City, OK
Louisville, KY
Richmond, VA
New Orleans, LA
Hartford, CT
Raleigh, NC
Birmingham, AL
Buffalo, NY
Salt Lake City, UT
Rochester, NY
Grand Rapids, MI
Tucson, AZ
Honolulu, HI
Tulsa, OK
Fresno, CA
Bridgeport, CT
Worcester, MA
Albuquerque, NM
Omaha, NE
Albany, NY
New Haven, CT
Bakersfield, CA
Knoxville, TN
Greenville, SC
Oxnard, CA
El Paso, TX
Allentown, PA
Baton Rouge, LA
McAllen, TX
Dayton, OH
Columbia, SC
Greensboro, NC
Sarasota, FL
Little Rock, AR
Stockton, CA
Akron, OH
Charleston, SC
Colorado Springs, CO
Syracuse, NY
Winston-Salem, NC
Cape Coral, FL
Boise, ID
Wichita, KS
Springfield, MA
Madison, WI
Lakeland, FL
Ogden, UT
Toledo, OH
Deltona, FL
Des Moines, IA
Jackson, MS
Augusta, GA
Scranton, PA
Youngstown, OH
Harrisburg, PA
Provo, UT
Palm Bay, FL
Chattanooga, TN
United States Census Bureau population estimates for July 1, 2012
Coordinates: 35°57′21″N 80°00′19″W / 35.9557°N 80.0053°W / 35.9557; -80.0053
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Compulsory education
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"Universal education" redirects here. It is not to be confused with Universal access to education.
Compulsory education refers to a period of education that is required of all people and is imposed by government. Depending on the country, this education may take place at a registered school (schooling) or at home (homeschooling).
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights requires, within a reasonable number of years, the principle of compulsory education free of charge for all.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History of compulsory education
1.1 Antiquity
1.1.1 Hellenic
1.1.2 Judea
1.2 Medieval Era
1.3 Early Modern Era
1.4 Late Modern Era
1.4.1 Europe
1.4.2 United States
1.4.3 Asia
2 Per-country variations in the age range of compulsory education
3 Number of pupils and students enrolled in compulsory education
4 Criticism
5 See also
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
History of compulsory education[edit]
Antiquity[edit]
Compulsory education was not unheard of in ancient times. However instances are generally tied to royal, religious or military organization—substantially different from modern notions of compulsory education.
Hellenic[edit]
Plato's The Republic (c. 424–c. 348 BCE) is credited with having popularized the concept of compulsory education in Western intellectual thought. Plato's rationale was straightforward. The ideal city would require ideal individuals, and ideal individuals would require an ideal education. Popularization of Plato's ideas began with the wider Renaissance and the translation of Plato's works by Marsilio Ficino (1433–1499), culminating in the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, known for his own work on education, Emile, or On Education had said To get a good idea of public education, read Plato’s Republic. It is not a political treatise, as those who merely judge books by their title think, but it is the finest, most beautiful work on education ever written.
In Sparta boys between the age 6 and 7 left their homes and were sent to military school. School courses were harsh and have been described as a "brutal training period". Between the age of 18 and 20, Spartan males had to pass a test that consisted of fitness, military ability, and leadership skills. A student's failure meant a forfeiture of citizenship (perioidos) and political rights. Passing was a rite of passage to manhood and citizenry, in which he would continue to serve in the military and train as a soldier until the age of 60, when the soldier could retire to live with his family.[2]
Judea[edit]
Every parent in Judea since ancient times was required to teach their children at least informally. Over the centuries, as cities, towns and villages developed, a class of teachers called Rabbis evolved. According to the Talmud (tractate Bava Bathra 21a), which praises the sage Joshua ben Gamla with the institution of formal Jewish education in the 1st century AD, Ben Gamla instituted schools in every town and made formal education compulsory from age 6-8.[3]
Medieval Era[edit]
The Aztec Triple Alliance, which ruled from 1428 to 1521 in what is now central Mexico, is considered to be the first state to implement a system of universal compulsory education.[4][5]
Early Modern Era[edit]
The Protestant Reformation prompted the establishment of compulsory education for boys and girls, first in regions that are now part of Germany, and later in Europe and in the United States.
Martin Luther's seminal text An die Ratsherren aller Städte deutschen Landes (To the Councillors of all Towns in German Countries,1524) called for establishing compulsory schooling so that all parishioners would be able to read the Bible by themselves.[6] The Protestant South-West of the Holy Roman Empire soon followed suit. In 1559, the German Duchy Württemberg established a compulsory education system for boys.[7] In 1592, the German Duchy Palatinate-Zweibrücken became the first territory in the world with compulsory education for girls and boys,[8] followed in 1598 by Strasbourg, then a free city of the Holy Roman Empire and now part of France.
In Scotland, the School Establishment Act of 1616 commanded every parish to establish a school for everyone paid for by parishioners. The Parliament of Scotland confirmed this with the Education Act of 1633 and created a local land-based tax to provide the required funding. The required majority support of parishioners, however, provided a tax evasion loophole which heralded the Education Act of 1646. The turmoil of the age meant that in 1661 there was a temporary reversion to the less compulsory 1633 position. However, in 1696 a new Act re-established the compulsory provision of a school in every parish with a system of fines, sequestration, and direct government implementation as a means of enforcement where required.
In the United States, following Luther and other Reformers, the Separatist Congregationalists who founded Plymouth Colony in 1620, obliged parents to teach their children how to read and write.[9] The Massachusetts School Laws, three legislative acts enacted in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1642, 1647, and 1648, are commonly regarded as the first steps toward compulsory education in the United States. The 1647 law, in particular, required every town having more than 50 families to hire a teacher, and every town of more than 100 families to establish a school.[10] The Puritan zeal for learning was reflected in the early and rapid rise of educational institutions; e.g., Harvard College was founded as early as 1636.[11]
Prussia implemented a modern compulsory education system in 1763. It was introduced by the Generallandschulreglement (General School Regulation), a decree of Frederick the Great in 1763-5.[12] The Generallandschulreglement, authored by Johann Julius Hecker, asked for all young citizens, girls and boys, to be educated from age 5 to age 13-14 and to be provided with a basic outlook on (Christian) religion, singing, reading and writing based on a regulated, state-provided curriculum of text books. The teachers, often former soldiers, were asked to cultivate silk worms to make a living besides contributions from the local citizens and municipalities.[13][14]
In Austria, Hungary and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown (Czech lands), mandatory primary education was introduced by Empress Maria Theresa in 1774.[12]
Late Modern Era[edit]
Europe[edit]
Compulsory school attendance based on the Prussian model gradually spread to other countries. It was quickly adopted by the governments in Denmark-Norway and Sweden, and also in Finland, Estonia and Latvia within the Russian Empire, but it was rejected in Russia itself.[15][16]
The United Kingdom was slow to introduce compulsory education due to the upper class defending its educational privileges.[16] In England and Wales, the Elementary Education Act 1870 paved the way for compulsory education by establishing school boards to set up schools in any places that did not have adequate provision. Attendance was made compulsory until age 10 in 1880. The Education Act of 1996 made it an obligation on parents to require children to have a full-time education from age 5 to 16. However, attendance at school itself is not compulsory: Section 7 of the Act allows for home education.
France was equally slow to introduce compulsory education, this time due to conflicts between the secular state and the Catholic Church,[16] and as a result between anti-clerical and Catholic political parties. The first set of Jules Ferry Laws, passed in 1881, made primary education free for girls and boys; communes and departments had the shared responsibility to fund it. In 1882, the second set of Jules Ferry Laws made education compulsory for girls and boys until the age of 13. In 1936, the upper age limit was raised to 14.[17] In 1959, it was further extended to 16.[18]
United States[edit]
In 1852, Massachusetts was the first U.S. state to pass a contemporary universal public education law. In particular, the Massachusetts General Court required every town to create and operate a grammar school. Fines were imposed on parents who did not send their children to school, and the government took the power to take children away from their parents and apprentice them to others if government officials decided that the parents were "unfit to have the children educated properly".[19]
The spread of compulsory attendance in the Massachusetts tradition throughout the U.S., especially for Native Americans, has been credited to General Richard Henry Pratt.[20] Pratt used techniques developed on Native Americans in a prisoner of war camp in Fort Marion, Augustine, Florida, to force demographic minorities across America into government schools.[20] His prototype was the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania.
In 1918, Mississippi was the last state to enact a compulsory attendance law.[21]
In 1922 an attempt was made by the voters of Oregon to enact the Oregon Compulsory Education Act, which would require all children between the ages of 8 and 16 to attend State School. Only leaving exceptions for mentally or physically unfit children, exceeding a certain living distance from a state school, or having written consent from a county superintendent to receive private instruction.[22] The law was passed by popular vote but was later ruled unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court in Pierce v. Society of Sisters, determining that "a child is not a mere creature of the state". This case settled the dispute about whether or not private schools had the right to do business and educate within the United States.
Asia[edit]
In Japan, compulsory education was established shortly after the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Initially, it was strongly influenced by the Prussian education system. After World War II, it was rebuilt to a large extent, and the new education model is largely influenced by the American model.[23] In the Indian kingdom of Travancore, Queen Gowri Parvati Bayi issued a royal rescript declaring universal education and formally recognized the role of State ensure the right of education from public revenue in 1817.
Per-country variations in the age range of compulsory education[edit]
The following table indicates at what ages compulsory education starts and ends, country by country. The most common age for starting compulsory education is 6, although this varies between 3 and 8.[24][25]
Country
Lower
age range
Upper
age range
Notes
Argentina 6 18
Australia 5 15/17 Upper age limit varies among states. Waived if pursuing full-time employment or full-time education.
Austria 6 15 Compulsory education only requires nine years spent in school.
Belgium 6 18 In Belgium, only compulsory education applies. School is not compulsory.
Bulgaria 5 16 Since 2012, compulsory education includes two years of preschool education before children start primary school.[26][27]
Brazil 4 17 Last changed in 2009.[28]
Canada 6 16 Except Ontario and New Brunswick: 6-18. Some provinces have exemptions at 14.
China 6 15
Croatia 6 15
Cyprus 5 15 Compulsory education starts with one mandatory year of pre-primary (preschool) education.[29]
Egypt 6 14
Estonia 6/7 15/16 6 year olds can enter if they turn 7 by 1st of October in the same year.[30]
Finland 7 15 Beginning age is negotiable ± 1 year. Ends after graduation from comprehensive school, or at least 9 years.
France 6 16 Compulsory education only
Germany 6 16 Varies slightly between states.[31][32]
Haiti 6 11 The Haitian Constitution mandates that education be free of charge. However, even public schools charge substantial fees. 80% of children go to private schools.
Hong Kong 6 17 Hong Kong laws state that education is free for 12 years except for private schools or subsidized schools.
Hungary 3 16 Since 2015, kindergarten is compulsory from age 3, although exceptions are made for developmental reasons.[33][34]
India 6 14 The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act in August 2009 made education free and compulsory for children aged between 6 and 14.
Indonesia 6 15
Israel 3 18 Compulsory education takes place from kindergarten through to 12th grade.
Iran 6 12[35]
Italy 6 16
Jamaica 5 16 Parents could face charges of Child Neglect if they prevent their children from going to school without valid reasons. Not enforced.
Japan 6 15
Latvia 5 16[24][36]
Luxembourg 4 16 [24]
Malaysia 6 12[37]
Maldives 6 15
Mexico 6 18 Schooling is required through upper secondary school (Preparatoria).[38]
Morocco 6 15
Netherlands 5 18 Students are allowed to leave early after obtaining their 'start qualification' (MBO level 2, HAVO or VWO degree).
Norway 6 15 A total of ten years (of study, and not schooling, as suggested here), where Primary school is year 1-7 (without grades), and Lower Secondary school (with grades) is year 8-10.[39]
Poland 7 18 Polish law distinguishes between compulsory school (obowiązek szkolny) and compulsory education (obowiązek nauki).
Portugal 6 18 It is the law that children living in Portugal (if there for 4 months or more) must go to school. Home schooling is available with registration at a school and quarterly examinations in the Portuguese curriculum only.
Russia 6 17 Student may leave after age 15 with the approval of parents and the local authority.[40]
Slovenia 6 15
Singapore 7 15[41] Compulsory Education Act 2000. Children with special needs or those with permission to be homeschooled are exempted from the act but in November 2016 the government announced that the Act will extend to children with moderate and severe special needs beginning in 2019.[42][43]
Spain 6 16
Syria 6 15 Typical ages for 9 years of compulsory education from grade 1 to grade 9.
Sweden 7 16[44]
Switzerland 4-6 15 Varies by canton.[24]
Taiwan 7 18 Typical ages for 12 years of compulsory education (starting from 2014).
Turkey 6 18 From the 1st to the 12th grade, education is compulsory. Starting in the educational year of 2012-2013, an education reform took effect to bring the compulsory education up to the end of high school. The system is commonly referred to as 4+4+4.
United Kingdom 5[45] 18[46] Requirement is for a full-time education, but attendance at a school is not compulsory (section 7 of The Education Act 1996).
United States 5-8 15-18 Ages vary between states. Beginning age varies 5-8, ending age varies 15-18.[47] In case Wisconsin v. Yoder, the Supreme Court determined in 1972 that Amish children could not be placed under compulsory education laws past the 8th grade.
Uruguay 6 14
Zimbabwe 6 16 Typical ages for 11 years of compulsory education.
Number of pupils and students enrolled in compulsory education[edit]
Due to population growth and the proliferation of compulsory education, UNESCO calculated in 2006 that over the subsequent 30 years, more people would receive formal education than in all prior human history.[48]
Criticism[edit]
Main article: Anti-Schooling Activism
Critics of compulsory education argue that education violates the freedom of children, is a method of political control, is ineffective at teaching kids how to deal with the real world and has extremely negative effects on children leading to higher rates of apathy, bullying, stress and depression.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
History of Education
Public education
Public school (government funded)
Child Labor
Unschooling
Anti-schooling activism
Raising of school leaving age
Democratic education
References[edit]
Jump up ^ International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Article 14
Jump up ^ Wikipedia: Agoge
Jump up ^ Wikipedia: Jewish education#Primary schooling
Jump up ^ Jacques Soustelle (11 November 2002). Daily life of the Aztecs: on the eve of the Spanish Conquest. Courier Dover Publications. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-486-42485-9. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
Jump up ^ Wikipedia: Aztec#Education
Jump up ^ Luther deutsch, p. 70, at Google Books
Jump up ^ "Große Kirchenordnung", 1559, Oliver Geister, Die Ordnung der Schule. Zur Grundlegung einer Kritik am verwalteten Unterricht. Münster 2006, p. 145.
Jump up ^ Emil Sehling (ed.), Die evangelischen Kirchenordnungen des 16. Jahrhunderts. Vol 18: Rheinland-Pfalz I. Tübingen 2006, p. 406.
Jump up ^ John Demos (1970), A Little Commonwealth: Family Life in Plymouth Colony. Oxford University Press, New York, N.Y., pp. 104, 142-144
Jump up ^ See references in articles Massachusetts School Laws and Massachusetts#Education.
Jump up ^ Clifton E. Olmstead (1960), History of Religion in the United States. Englewood Cliffs, N.J, pp. 79-80
^ Jump up to: a b James van Horn Melton. "Absolutism and the Eighteenth-Century Origins of Compulsory Schooling in Prussia and Austria". p. xiv.
Jump up ^ 250 Jahre Volksschule in Preußen, Lesen, Schreiben und Beten (250 years of primary education in Prussia) 12.08.2013 Tagesspiegel Berlin, Barbara Kerbel, in German
Jump up ^ Funding and training of the teachers was slowly expanded and received funding till teachers gained full academic status in the 20th century.
Jump up ^ Cubberley, 1920
^ Jump up to: a b c Soysal, Yasemin Nuhoglu; Strang, David (1989). "Construction of the First Mass Education Systems in Nineteenth-Century Europe". Sociology of Education. 62 (4): 277–288. JSTOR 2112831.
Jump up ^ Law of August 9, 1936.
Jump up ^ Ordonnance of January 6, 1959.
Jump up ^ Rothbard, Murray Rothbard. "The Puritans 'Purify': Theocracy in Massachusetts". Conceived in Liberty. Arlington House Publishers.
^ Jump up to: a b Witte, Daniel E. and Paul T. Mero. "Removing Classrooms from the Battlefield: Liberty, Paternalism, and the Redemptive Promise of Educational Choice, 2008 BYU Law Review 377" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2010. Retrieved 6 October 2010.
Jump up ^ Katz, Michael S. "A History of Compulsory Education Laws" (PDF). ERIC - Institute of Education Sciences. ERIC. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Jorgenson, Lloyd P. The Oregon School Law of 1922: Passage and Sequel. Catholic University of America Press. p. 455. JSTOR 25018244.
Jump up ^ See Wikipedia article Education in Japan.
^ Jump up to: a b c d https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/fpfis/mwikis/eurydice/images/2/24/Compulsory_Education_in_Europe_2016_2017.pdf
Jump up ^ https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d08/tables/dt08_165.asp
Jump up ^ "LITERACY IN BULGARIA : COUNTRY REPORT SHORT VERSION" (PDF). Eli-net.eu. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
Jump up ^ "Compulsory Education in Europe : 2016/17" (PDF). Webgate.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2017-08-29.
Jump up ^ http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/constituicao/emendas/emc/emc59.htm
Jump up ^ http://www.highereducation.ac.cy/en/educational-system.html
Jump up ^ "Põhikooli- ja gümnaasiumiseadus" [Primary and Secondary School Act]. Riigi Teataja (in Estonian). June 21, 2010. Retrieved May 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ de:Schulpflicht#Heutige Rechtslage
Jump up ^ "Where home schooling is illegal". BBC News. March 22, 2010.
Jump up ^ http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002299/229933E.pdf
Jump up ^ Hungary lowers mandatory school age to three Archived 2013-12-02 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "نگرش مردم ایران به تحصیل زنان در دانشگاه منفی تر شده است". BBC Farsi.
Jump up ^ http://www.studyinlatvia.eu/en/studies/education-system
Jump up ^ "Pelaksanaan pendidikan wajib di peringkat rendah 2003" (PDF).
Jump up ^ Laura Casillas. "Calderón firma decreto de preparatoria obligatoria". Azteca Noticias. Retrieved 8 February 2012.
Jump up ^ "About Education in Norway" (PDF). udir.no. Foreign Ministry of Norway. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
Jump up ^ Federal law of Russia "On education", article 19.6
Jump up ^ "COMPULSORY EDUCATION ACT (CHAPTER 51)". Singapore Statutes Online.
Jump up ^ "Channel NewsAsia - Compulsory education for all special needs children from 2019". Government of Singapore. 5 Nov 2016.
Jump up ^ "Children with moderate to severe special needs to be part of Compulsory Education Act". The Straits Times. 4 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Hans Högman. "Den svenska skolans historia" (in Swedish). Hasses hemsida. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Education Act 1996 s8". Retrieved 6 October 2016.
Jump up ^ "Education leaving age". Politics.co.uk. Retrieved 15 May 2013.
Jump up ^ Age range for compulsory school attendance and special education services, and policies on year-round schools and kindergarten programs.. Retrieved 28 November 2009.
Jump up ^ Schools Kill Creativity. TED Talks, 2006, Monterey, CA, USA.
Further reading[edit]
Coleman, J. S., et al. (1966). Equality of Educational Opportunity. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Dunlap, Knight (1929). "Is Compulsory Education Justified?," The American Mercury, pp. 211–214.
Epstein, R. (2007). Let's abolish high school. Education Week. Retrieved April 18, 2007, from http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2007/04/04/31epstein.h26.html
Gardner, Richard (1871). An address on compulsory education: given before the Church of England School Teachers' Association for West Kent, February 11, 1871. Tonbridge: Richard Gardner.
Gatto, J. T. (2003). The Underground History of American Education. New York: The Oxford Village Press.
Holt, J. (1974). Escape from childhood. In Noll, J.W. (Ed.), Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Educational Issues (pp. 25–29). Dubuque, IA: McGraw-Hill.
Illich, I. (1970). Deschooling Society. New York: Harper & Row.
Rothbard, M. (1978). Public and compulsory schooling. In For a New Liberty (chap. 7). Retrieved April 12, 2007, from https://www.mises.org/rothbard/newliberty6.asp
Van Horn Melton, J. (1988). Absolutism and the Eighteenth-Century Origins of Compulsory Schooling in Prussia and Austria Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
West, E. G. (1974). The economics of compulsion. In The Twelve-Year Sentence. Retrieved April 11, 2007, from http://www.ncl.ac.uk/egwest/pdfs/economics%20of%20compulsion.pdf
White, John (1876). "The Laws on Compulsory Education," The Fortnightly Review, Vol. XXV, pp. 897–918
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Compulsory education
Wikisource has the text of a 1920 Encyclopedia Americana article about Compulsory education.
A discussion of compulsory education as a human right (Right to education Project)
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Alyson Stoner
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 October 2017.
Jump to: navigation, search
Alyson Stoner
Alyson Stoner in 2008
Born
Alyson Rae Stoner
(1993-08-11) August 11, 1993 (age 24)
Toledo, Ohio, U.S.
Residence
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Occupation
Actress
singer
dancer
model
Years active
2001–present
Musical career
Genres
Pop
R&B
Instruments
Vocals
Alyson Rae Stoner (born August 11, 1993)[1] is an American actress, singer, dancer and model. Stoner is best known for her roles in Cheaper by the Dozen (2003), The Suite Life of Zack & Cody (2005–2007) and the Step Up series (2006, 2010, 2014).
She has been a dancer for several artists, such as Missy Elliott, Eminem, Kumbia Kings, Outkast and Will Smith. Stoner is also known for hosting Disney Channel's Mike's Super Short Show (2001–2007) and for voicing Isabella Garcia-Shapiro in Phineas and Ferb (2007–2015).
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Other ventures
3.1 Dancing
3.2 Publishing
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Web
4.4 Video games
5 Discography
5.1 Extended plays
5.2 Singles
5.3 Featured singles
5.4 Promotional singles
5.5 Other appearances
6 Awards and nominations
7 References
8 External links
Early life[edit]
Stoner was born in Toledo, Ohio, the daughter of LuAnne Hodges (née Adams), a former executive secretary at Owens-Illinois, and Charlie Stoner.[2] While growing up in Toledo, Stoner attended Maumee Valley Country Day School and studied ballet, tap dance, and jazz dance at the O'Connell's Dance Studio. She also modeled and trained at the Margaret O'Brien Modeling Studio. She won Best Model of the Year at the International Modeling and Talent Association Convention in New York City under O'Brien's studio in 2000.
Career[edit]
In 2001, Stoner became the co-host of the Disney Channel Mike's Super Short Show along with Michael Alan Johnson, an infomercial segment regarding forthcoming Disney releases. In 2003 and 2005, she appeared as Sarah, one of the twelve Baker children, in the successful comedies Cheaper by the Dozen and Cheaper by the Dozen 2. She has also appeared in several television shows aimed at the preteen market, including The Suite Life of Zack & Cody, That's So Raven and Drake & Josh.
In 2006, she had a small film role in Step Up as Camille, Channing Tatum's character's younger sister. She provided the voice of Isabella Garcia-Shapiro and Jenny (until Season 4) in the Disney Channel animated series Phineas and Ferb from 2007-2015, and personally came up with Isabella's catchphrase "Whatcha doin'?". In 2008, she starred in the Disney Channel Original movie Camp Rock as Caitlyn Gellar, an aspiring music producer. Her reception in Camp Rock was particularly strong, with various media outlets suggesting it was about time she played a main character role having backed up for other big names such as Will Smith and Eminem. Stoner starred as Alice McKinley in the movie Alice Upside Down, based loosely on the Alice series, particularly The Agony of Alice by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor. This was her second starring role and, according to an interview that appears on the direct-to-DVD release, she states that this was the first time she has had to appear in every scene in a movie.
In 2008, she sang two songs, "Lost and Found" and "Free Spirit", from the soundtrack of the movie Alice Upside Down, in which she plays the lead role. She has also recorded a cover version of the song Dancing in the Moonlight for the 2009 Disney DVD/Blu-ray movie, Space Buddies.[3] In 2010, Stoner appeared in the third Step Up film Step Up 3D opposite Adam Sevani where she reprised the role. Stoner uploaded a video onto her official YouTube page of her final dance rehearsal which introduced other cast members.[4] The same year, Stoner returned to reprise her role as Caitlyn Gellar in Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam, a sequel to Camp Rock. Stoner also guest-starred in the television drama series House as a skater.
In 2011 Stoner started working with record producers, songwriters and a vocal coach to change her vocal style from "kiddie-pop" to a more soulful pop vibe with a little alternative edge for her first studio album.[5][not in citation given] On April 4, 2010 Stoner posted a video to her YouTube Channel announcing the release of her debut single, "Flying Forward" on April 20, 2010.[5] Stoner released her debut EP entitled Beat the System in 2011. She also appeared in Wii Fit related videos on the Nintendo Channel on the Wii video game console demonstrating balance exercises. She also replaced Hayden Panettiere as the voice of Kairi in Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories and Xion in Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days. She voiced the character Opal in seasons three and four of The Legend of Korra.[6]
Other ventures[edit]
Dancing[edit]
After choreography training in Los Angeles, Stoner appeared as a background dancer in several music videos, notably Missy Elliott's "Work It", "Gossip Folks", "I'm Really Hot", Eminem's "Just Lose It", and "No Tengo Dinero" by the Kumbia Kings. She has also been a back-up dancer for OutKast at the 2004 Kids' Choice Awards and for Will Smith at the 2005 show. Stoner danced with a dancing group called the JammXKids between 2003 and 2006. She quit the group in early 2006 due to scheduling conflicts, but continues to work with the individual kids on different jobs. She was also one of the dancers in the special features for the Shark Tale DVD.
Stoner teaches hip hop classes at the Millennium Dance Complex, and is credited as the youngest person to teach a master class there. She also recently appeared in Debby Ryan's "We Got the Beat" for Disney Channel's Radio Rebel. In February 2015, she released a dance tribute video to Missy Elliot featuring a mash up medley of Missy Elliot videos she had danced in when she was younger.[7][8] Within the first week, it received more than 12 million views.[7]
Publishing[edit]
Stoner is the "dance editor" for KEWL Magazine. In February 2009, Stoner released the Alyson Stoner Project described as "a dance video hybrid — melding many styles of entertainment into one package".[9] It was directed by Kevin Schmidt, her co-star from Cheaper by the Dozen.[9]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2003 Cheaper by the Dozen Sarah Baker
2004 Garfield Kid Rat 3 Voice role
2005 Cheaper by the Dozen 2 Sarah Baker
2006 Step Up Camille Gage
2006 Holly Hobbie and Friends: Surprise Party Holly Hobbie Voice role
2006 Holly Hobbie and Friends: Christmas Wishes Holly Hobbie Voice role
2007 Holly Hobbie and Friends: Secret Adventures Holly Hobbie Voice role
2007 Holly Hobbie and Friends: Best Friends Forever Holly Hobbie Voice role
2007 Alice Upside Down Alice McKinley
2009 The Alyson Stoner Project Herself Direct-to-video
2010 Kung Fu Magoo Lorelei Tan Gu Voice role
2010 Step Up 3D Camille Gage
2011 The Little Engine That Could The Little Engine Voice role
2011 A Cinderella Story: Once Upon a Song Back Up Dancer Direct-to-video; uncredited[citation needed]
2013 Super Buddies Strawberry Voice role
2014 Step Up: All In Camille Gage
2015 Hoovey Jen Elliott
2015 The A-List Lacey Parish
2015 Summer Forever Liv
2015 Huevos: Little Rooster's Egg-cellent Adventure Sweet Pea Voice role
2016 Mr. Invincible Talullah
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2001–2007 Mike's Super Short Show Sally Main role (seasons 1–3); recurring role (seasons 4–6)
2004 I'm with Her Dylan Cassidy Episode: "The Kid Stays in the Picture"
2004 Drake & Josh Wendy Episode: "Number One Fan"
2004 The Batman Connie Voice role; episode: "The Man Who Would Be Bat"; uncredited[citation needed]
2004–2006 Lilo & Stitch: The Series Victoria Voice role; recurring role
2005 That's So Raven Allison "Ally" Parker Episode: "Goin' Hollywood"
2005–2007 The Suite Life of Zack & Cody Max Recurring role
2006 Joey Kaley Episode: "Joey and the Critic"
2006 All Grown Up! Lisa Voice role; episode: "Rachel, Rachel"
2006 W.I.T.C.H. Lillian Hale Voice role; recurring role
2007 Disney's Really Short Report Herself Episode: "Bridge to Terabithia"
2007–2015 Phineas and Ferb Isabella Garcia-Shapiro
/ Jenny Brown Voice role; main role (as Isabella);
recurring role (as Jenny)
2008 Jonas Brothers: Living the Dream Herself Episode: "Hello Hollywood"
2008 Camp Rock Caitlyn Gellar Television film
2010 Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam Caitlyn Gellar Television film
2010 House Della Episode: "Selfish"
2011 Phineas and Ferb the Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension Isabella Garcia-Shapiro / Isabella-2 Voice role; television film
2011–2013 Young Justice Barbara Gordon
/ Bette Kane Voice role; 6 episodes (as Barbara Gordon);
episode: "Homefront" (as Bette Kane)
2014 The Legend of Korra Opal Voice role; recurring role
2014 Major Crimes Bug Episode: "Jane Doe #38"
2014 Expecting Amish Mary Television film
2015 Sugarbabies Katie Woods Television film
2016 Hitting the Breaks Gretchen McBride Episode: "Home Alone on the Range"
2016 Milo Murphy's Law Kris, Lydia Voice role
2017 Voltron: Legendary Defender Florina Voice role; episode: "Depths"
Web[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2008–2009 Ghost Town Tina Burton 7 episodes[10]
2016 Roommates Alyson Episode: "Five Guys and Five Girls"
Video games[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2007 Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories Kairi Voice role
2009 Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days Xion Voice role
2011 Phineas and Ferb: Across the 2nd Dimension Isabella Garcia-Shapiro / Isabella-2 / Receptionist Voice role
2013 Kingdom Hearts HD 1.5 Remix Xion / Kairi Voice role
2017 Kingdom Hearts 0.2: Birth by Sleep – A Fragmentary Passage Kairi Voice role
Discography[edit]
Extended plays[edit]
List of albums
Title
Album details
Beat the System[11]
Released: August 23, 2011[11]
Format: Digital download
Label: Independent
While You Were Sleeping"
Released: October 28, 2016[11]
Format: Digital download
Label: Turn The Volume Up
Singles[edit]
Year
Title
Album
2010
"Flying Forward"[12]
N/A
"Make History"[13]
N/A
2013
"Dragon (That's What You Wanted)"[14]
N/A
2015
"Pretty Girls"[15]
N/A
2016
"Woman"[16]
N/A
"Back to Church"
N/A
"The Boy is Mine"
N/A
Featured singles[edit]
List of singles, with selected chart positions
Year
Title
Peak chart positions
Album
US
[17]
CAN
[17]
UK
[18]
2008
"We Rock"
(among Cast of Camp Rock)
33 70 97 Camp Rock
2014
"Without You"[19]
(Tyler Ward featuring Alyson Stoner)
— — — N/A
2015
"Give Me Strength"[20]
(Brock Baker featuring Alyson Stoner)
— — — N/A
"—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory.
Promotional singles[edit]
Year
Title
Album
2010
"It's On"[21]
(among Cast of Camp Rock)
Camp Rock 2:
The Final Jam
Other appearances[edit]
Year
Title
Other artist(s)
Album
2008
"Lost & Found"
N/A Alice Upside Down
"Free Spirit"
Bridgit Mendler Alice Upside Down
2009
"Dancin' in the Moonlight"
N/A Space Buddies
"Fly Away Home"
N/A Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure
2010
"What I've Been Looking For"
N/A DisneyMania 7
"What We Came Here For"
Cast of Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam
"This Is Our Song"
Cast of Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Title
Category
Nominated
Result
Refs
2004 Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a Feature Film: Young Actress age 10 or younger Cheaper by the Dozen Nominated [22]
Best Young Ensemble in a Feature Film Cheaper by the Dozen Won [22]
2006 Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a Feature Film: Young Ensemble Cast Cheaper by the Dozen 2 Nominated [23]
2007 Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a Feature Film: Supporting Young Actress Step Up Nominated [24]
Best Performance in a TV Series (Comedy or Drama): Guest Starring Young Actress The Suite Life of Zack & Cody Nominated [24]
2008 Young Artist Awards Best Performance in a TV Series: Recurring Young Actress The Suite Life of Zack & Cody Nominated [25]
2017 Streamy Awards Best Dance Performance Herself Won [26]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner Biography". tvguide.com. Retrieved October 12, 2009.
Jump up ^ Sewell, Rhonda B. (April 6, 2003). "The wonder of the way she dances". Toledoblade.com. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Space Buddies". Disney Buddies. Archived from the original on April 7, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ "NEW 'STEP UP' SEQUEL GOING 3-D". ETonline.com. June 24, 2009. Archived from the original on August 18, 2010. Retrieved August 28, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b TheRealAlysonStoner. YouTube. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Criswell, Kristen (December 22, 2010). "NW Ohio native Alyson Stoner flexes ‘girl power’". Toledo Free Press. Retrieved August 17, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Missy Elliott — Work It. YouTube. July 24, 2009. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ YouTube. youtube.com. Retrieved March 18, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b The Alyson Stoner Project MySpace
Jump up ^ Hustvedt, Marc (February 24, 2009). "Ghost Town Finds Home With Dailymotion Kids". Tubefilter News. Archived from the original on February 28, 2009. Retrieved March 31, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Beat the System by Alyson Stoner". iTunes. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner - Flying Forward — Single". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner — Make History - Single". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner - Dragon (That's What You Wanted) - Single". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner - Pretty Girls - Single". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner - Woman - Single". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "We Rock". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved April 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Cast Of Camp Rock". UK Singles Chart. Chart Stats. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved April 24, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner - Without You". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Alyson Stoner - Give Me Strength". Discogs. May 30, 2011. Retrieved June 4, 2011.
Jump up ^ "It's On (From "Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam") – Single by Cast of Camp Rock 2". iTunes Store. Apple, Inc. Retrieved August 9, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "25th Annual Young Artist Awards". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on August 8, 2011. Retrieved 2015-03-15.
Jump up ^ "27th Annual Young Artist Awards". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on July 4, 2010. Retrieved 2015-03-15.
^ Jump up to: a b "28th Annual Young Artist Awards". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on May 31, 2014. Retrieved 2015-03-15.
Jump up ^ "29th Annual Young Artist Awards". Young Artist Awards. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved 2015-03-15.
Jump up ^ Haring, Bruce (September 27, 2017). "‘Sugar Pine 7,’ Dolan Twins Top 2017 Streamy Awards – Complete Winners List". Deadline. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alyson Stoner.
Alyson Stoner on Facebook
Alyson Stoner on IMDb
Alyson Stoner interview from Portrait magazine.
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 166926522
LCCN: no2005032686
ISNI: 0000 0001 1508 1155
GND: 1024465403
BNF: cb16244044r (data)
MusicBrainz: 2d4f683a-5965-4b64-baee-2681823dd1a1
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alyson_Stoner&oldid=803531542"
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